건설 / 교통 ＞ 건설 시공 / 재료 
 ASEAN Sculpture Garden and Typology of Space : An Evaluative Study of The Park ' s Failure 
 https : / / doi . org / 10 . 5659 / AIKAR . 2014 . 16 . 2 . 37 PDF KSCI 
 Kim , Young Jae 45 
 https : / / doi . org / 10 . 5659 / AIKAR . 2014 . 16 . 2 . 45 PDF KSCI 
 https : / / doi . org / 10 . 5659 / AIKAR . 2014 . 16 . 2 . 57 PDF KSCI 
 A study on the static analysis of Timoshenko beams is presented . A beam element is developed by using isogeometric approach based on Timoshenko beam theory which allows the transverse shear deformation . The identification of transverse shear locking is conducted by three refinement schemes such as h -, p - and k - refinement and compared to other reference solutions . From numerical examples , the present beam element does not produce any shear locking in very thin beam situations even with full Gauss integration rule . Finally , the benchmark tests described in this study is provided as future reference solutions for Timoshenko beam problems based on isogeometric approach . 
 Free Vibrations of Thin Shells with Isogeometric Approach 
 Lee , Sang Jin 67 
 https : / / doi . org / 10 . 5659 / AIKAR . 2014 . 16 . 2 . 67 PDF KSCI 
 Free vibration analysis of thin shells is carried out by using isogeometric approach . For this purpose , a thin shell element based on Kirchhoff - Love shell theory is developed . Non - uniform rational B - spline surface ( NURBS ) definition is introduced to represent the geometry of shell and also used to derive all terms required in the isogeometric element formulation . Gauss integration rule is used for stiffness and mass matrices . The present shell element is then applied to examine vibrational behaviours of thin plate and shell structures . From numerical results , it is found be that reliable natural frequencies and associated mode shapes of thin shell structures can be predicted by the present isogeometric shell element . 
 Finding Significant Factors to Affect Cost Contingency on Construction Projects Using ANOVA Statistical Method - Focused on Transportation Construction Projects in the US - 
 Lhee , Sang Choon 75 
 https : / / doi . org / 10 . 5659 / AIKAR . 2014 . 16 . 2 . 75 PDF KSCI 
 Risks , uncertainties , and associated cost overruns are critical problems for construction projects . Cost contingency is an important funding source for these unforeseen events and is included in the base estimate to help perform financially successful projects . In order to predict more accurate contingency , many empirical models using regression analysis and artificial neural network method have been proposed and showed its viability to minimize prediction errors . However , categorical factors on contingency cannot have been treated and thus considered in these empirical models since those models are able to treat only numerical factors . This paper identified potential factors on contingency in transportation construction projects and evaluated categorical factors using the one - way ANOVA statistical method . Among factors including project work type , delivery method type , contract agreement type , bid award type , letting type , and geographical location , two factors of project work type and contract agreement type were found to be statistically important on allocating cost contingency .