마크 저커버그 ( 33 ) 페이스북 설립자 겸 CEO 가 25 일 ( 현지 시간 ) 하버드대 학교 졸업식 에서 연설 했 다 . 역대 연사 중 최 연소 다 . 하버드 중퇴 12 년 만 에 명예 박사 학위 도 받 았 다 . 저커버그 는 2004 년 대학 을 그만두 고 실리콘 밸리 에서 페이스북 을 설립 했 다 . 하버드 최고 의 순간 은 아내 프리실라 만난 것 기회 균등 위해 " 시간 을 내어주 라 " 강조 하 기 도 그 는 이날 늘 입 는 회색 티셔츠 대신 정장 에 넥타이 를 매 고 연설 에 임했 다 . 저커버그 는 " 제 가 결코 하 지 못한 무언가 ( 졸업 ) 을 이룬 여러분 과 함께 해 영광 " 이 라면서 " 부모 님 은 여전히 내 가 하버드 에 합격 한 걸 가장 자랑 스럽 게 여길 거 라고 맹세 할 수 있 다 " 면서 가볍 게 이야기 를 시작 했 다 . 하버드 에서 최고 의 순간 은 그 의 아내 프리실라 챈 을 만난 것 이 라고 회상 했 다 . 학교 의 온라인 시스템 을 해킹 하 는 바람 에 퇴학 위기 에 몰렸 던 순간 이 었 다 . " 나 는 그녀 를 돌아보 며 말 했 죠 . 3 일 안 에 퇴학 당할 거 라 빨리 데이트 를 해야 한다고 . " 결국 그 는 퇴학 당하 는 대신 제 발 로 걸 어 나갔 고 , 프리실라 와 데이트 를 시작 했 다면서 " 하버드 , 고마워 " 라고 말 했 다 . 연설 의 주제 는 ' 목표 ( purpose ) ' 였 다 . 자동 화 로 수천만 개 일자리 가 사라질 미래 에 는 기업가 정신 이 더욱 요구 된다고 강조 하 면서 다 . " 우리 는 밀레 니얼 세대 입니다 . 목표 를 찾 는 것 만 으로 는 충분 치 않 습니다 . 우리 세대 의 도전 은 , 모든 사람 들 이 목표 의식 을 갖 는 세상 을 창조 해야 한다는 것 입니다 . " 그 는 일례 로 존 F 케네디 전 미국 대통령 이 미 항공우주국 ( NASA ) 을 방문 했 을 때 의 일화 를 들 었 다 . 케네디 가 빗자루 를 든 잡역부 에게 무얼 하 고 있 느냐고 묻 자 " 저 는 인간 을 달 에 보내 는 걸 돕 고 있 습니다 " 라고 답 했 다는 유명 한 이야기 다 . 저커버그 는 페이스북 에서 일 할 때 가장 힘들 었 던 순간 은 프로젝트 의 목표 가 무엇 인지 설명 하 지 못할 때 였 다면서 , 위대 한 프로젝트 는 모든 이 들 에게 목표 의식 을 갖 게 만든다고 강조 했 다 . 하버드대 에서 연설 한 마크 저커버그 페이스북 CEO . 하버드 자퇴 생 으로 신화 를 쓴 그 는 12 년 만 에 모교 에서 연설 했 다 . [ AP 연합뉴스 ] 저커버그 는 하버드 졸업 생 들 은 자신 의 목표 만 만드 는 데 그칠 뿐 아니 라 다른 이 들 을 위한 목표 을 창출 하 는 데 힘 을 기울여야 한다고 말 했 다 . 목표 란 일 에서 만 나오 는 것 도 아니 라고 덧붙였 다 . 전 세계 모든 사람 을 위한 목표 의식 을 창출 하 는 제 3 의 길 은 공동체 를 건설 하 는 것 이 라면서 , 그것 이 바로 아내 와 함께 자선 재단 인 ' 챈 저커버그 이니셔티브 ' 를 만들 어 균등 한 기회 를 만드 는 데 돈 을 쏟아부 은 이유 라고 말 했 다 . 그 는 단지 돈 에 대한 이야기 는 아니 라고 덧붙였 다 . 일 주일 에 한 두 시간 정도 , 누군가 에 잠재력 을 발휘 할 수 있 도록 손 을 내밀 어 주 면 된다고 말 했 다 . " 프리실라 는 하버드 를 졸업 하 고 선생 님 이 됐 습니다 . 저 한테 도 수업 을 해야 한다고 말 했 죠 . 저 는 ' 난 바빠 . 회사 를 운영 하 고 있 다고 ' 라고 불평 했 어요 . 하지만 결국 지역 소년 소녀 클럽 의 중학생 대상 기업가 정신 프로그램 에서 가르쳤 죠 . " 저커버그 는 아이 들 에게 제품 개발 과 마케팅 에 대한 교훈 을 줬 고 , 아이 들 은 저커버그 에게 자신 들 의 인종 이 범죄자 로 취급 받 고 가족 이 감옥 에 있 는 게 어떤 느낌 인지 가르쳐 줬 다고 한다 . " 5 년 간 매달 그 아이 들 과 저녁 을 먹 었 습니다 . 첫 아이 가 태어났 을 때 그중 한 명 이 베이비 샤워 를 열 어 줬 어요 . 그리고 내년 에 그 들 모두 대학 에 갑니다 . 그 들 가족 중 에선 처음 으로 요 . " 그 는 밀레 니얼 세대 가 " 위대 한 일 " 을 해야 할 때 라면서 이민자 문제 , 기후 변화 , 일자리 , 기본 소득 , 인종 차별 , 건강 보험 등 정치 적 인 이슈 를 언급 했 다 . 저커버그 는 " 우리 가 지구 를 파괴 하 기 전 에 기후 변화 를 멈추 고 수백만 명 의 사람 들 이 태양열 패널 을 설치 는 게 어떨까 요 ? " 라며 기후 변화 에 대한 대응 을 촉구 했 다 . 건강 데이터 를 추적 하 고 게놈 정보 를 공유 하 는 데 대해서 는 " 사람 들 이 병들 지 않 도록 ( 유전자 ) 치료 에 투자 하 자 " 고 말 했 다 . 온라인 투표 를 통한 현대 화 된 민주주의 , 맞춤 화 된 교육 과 평생 교육 , 합리 적 인 보육 료 , 단 한 명 의 고용주 에게 만 의존 하 지 않 는 건강 보험 , 낙인찍 지 않 는 사회 , 소득 불 평등 해소 , 자동 화 기기 와 자율 주행 트럭 등 의 화두 를 잇따라 던졌 다 . 파이낸셜 타임스 ( FT ) 는 저커버그 가 정계 에 진출 할 생각 은 없 다고 누차 말 해 왔 지만 이날 연설 에 서 대통령 직 을 포함 한 정치 적 야심 을 드러냈 다고 보 기 도 했 다 . 마크 저커버그 페이스북 CEO . 하버드 자퇴 생 으로 신화 를 쓴 그 는 12 년 만 에 모교 에서 연설 하 고 명예 박사 학위 도 받 았 다 . 왼쪽 은 배우 제임스 얼 존스 . [ AP 연합뉴스 ] 저커버그 는 한편 , 영화 등 의 대중 문화 때문 에 기술 과 혁신 에 대한 오해 가 생긴다는 이야기 도 꺼냈 다 . 한 순간 에 ' 유레카 ! ' 하 고 아이디어 가 떠오른다는 건 , 좋 은 아이디어 의 씨앗 을 지닌 사람 들 이 시작 조차 못 하 게 만드 는 위험 한 거짓말 이 라는 것 이 다 . 또한 " 아무도 ( 영화 처럼 ) 유리 에 수학 공식 을 쓰 지 않 는다 " 고 농담 했 다 . 하지만 큰 아이디어 를 만들 어 내 기 위해서 는 " 오해 받 을 준비 가 되 어 있 어야 한다 " 고 조언 했 다 . 큰 그림 을 가지 고 일 하 는 누구 라도 ' 말 도 안 돼 ( crazy ) ' 라는 말 을 들 을 수 있 으며 , 복잡 한 문제 와 관련 해 일 하 는 사람 은 " 모든 것 을 완전히 이해 하 지 못했 다 " 는 비난 을 받 을 수 있 다는 것 이 다 . 그 는 " 내 가 처음 부터 사람 을 연결 하 는 일 에 대해 완전히 이해 해야 만 한다고 생각 했 다면 페이스북 을 시작 하 지 도 못했 을 것 " 이 라면서 처음 부터 다 알 고 시작 하 는 사람 은 없 다고 강조 했 다 . 이경희 기자 dungle @ joongang . co . kr 아래 는 하버드 연설 전문 . President Faust , Board of Overseers , faculty , alumni , friends , proud parents , members of the ad board , and graduates of the greatest university in the world , I ' m honored to be with you today because , let ' s face it , you accomplished something I never could . If I get through this speech , it ' ll be the first time I actually finish something at Harvard . Class of 2017 , congratulations ! I ' m an unlikely speaker , not just because I dropped out , but because we ' re technically in the same generation . We walked this yard less than a decade apart , studied the same ideas and slept through the same Ec 10 lectures . We may have taken different paths to get here , especially if you came all the way from the Quad , but today I want to share what I ' ve learned about our generation and the world we ' re building together . But first , the last couple of days have brought back a lot of good memories . How many of you remember exactly what you were doing when you got that email telling you that you got into Harvard ? I was playing Civilization and I ran downstairs , got my dad , and for some reason , his reaction was to video me opening the email . That could have been a really sad video . I swear getting into Harvard is still the thing my parents are most proud of me for . What about your first lecture at Harvard ? Mine was Computer Science 121 with the incredible Harry Lewis . I was late so I threw on a t - shirt and didn ' t realize until afterwards it was inside out and backwards with my tag sticking out the front . I couldn ' t figure out why no one would talk to me -- except one guy , KX Jin , he just went with it . We ended up doing our problem sets together , and now he runs a big part of Facebook . And that , Class of 2017 , is why you should be nice to people . But my best memory from Harvard was meeting Priscilla . I had just launched this prank website Facemash , and the ad board wanted to " see me ". Everyone thought I was going to get kicked out . My parents came to help me pack . My friends threw me a going away party . As luck would have it , Priscilla was at that party with her friend . We met in line for the bathroom in the Pfoho Belltower , and in what must be one of the all time romantic lines , I said : " I ' m going to get kicked out in three days , so we need to go on a date quickly . " Actually , any of you graduating can use that line . I didn ' t end up getting kicked out -- I did that to myself . Priscilla and I started dating . And , you know , that movie made it seem like Facemash was so important to creating Facebook . It wasn ' t . But without Facemash I wouldn ' t have met Priscilla , and she ' s the most important person in my life , so you could say it was the most important thing I built in my time here . We ' ve all started lifelong friendships here , and some of us even families . That ' s why I ' m so grateful to this place . Thanks , Harvard . Today I want to talk about purpose . But I ' m not here to give you the standard commencement about finding your purpose . We ' re millennials . We ' ll try to do that instinctively . Instead , I ' m here to tell you finding your purpose isn ' t enough . The challenge for our generation is creating a world where everyone has a sense of purpose . One of my favorite stories is when John F Kennedy visited the NASA space center , he saw a janitor carrying a broom and he walked over and asked what he was doing . The janitor responded : " Mr . President , I ' m helping put a man on the moon ". Purpose is that sense that we are part of something bigger than ourselves , that we are needed , that we have something better ahead to work for . Purpose is what creates true happiness . You ' re graduating at a time when this is especially important . When our parents graduated , purpose reliably came from your job , your church , your community . But today , technology and automation are eliminating many jobs . Membership in communities is declining . Many people feel disconnected and depressed , and are trying to fill a void . As I ' ve traveled around , I ' ve sat with children in juvenile detention and opioid addicts , who told me their lives could have turned out differently if they just had something to do , an after school program or somewhere to go . I ' ve met factory workers who know their old jobs aren ' t coming back and are trying to find their place . To keep our society moving forward , we have a generational challenge -- to not only create new jobs , but create a renewed sense of purpose . I remember the night I launched Facebook from my little dorm in Kirkland House . I went to Noch ' s with my friend KX . I remember telling him I was excited to connect the Harvard community , but one day someone would connect the whole world . The thing is , it never even occurred to me that someone might be us . We were just college kids . We didn ' t know anything about that . There were all these big technology companies with resources . I just assumed one of them would do it . But this idea was so clear to us -- that all people want to connect . So we just kept moving forward , day by day . I know a lot of you will have your own stories just like this . A change in the world that seems so clear you ' re sure someone else will do it . But they won ' t . You will . But it ' s not enough to have purpose yourself . You have to create a sense of purpose for others . I found that out the hard way . You see , my hope was never to build a company , but to make an impact . And as all these people started joining us , I just assumed that ' s what they cared about too , so I never explained what I hoped we ' d build . A couple years in , some big companies wanted to buy us . I didn ' t want to sell . I wanted to see if we could connect more people . We were building the first News Feed , and I thought if we could just launch this , it could change how we learn about the world . Nearly everyone else wanted to sell . Without a sense of higher purpose , this was the startup dream come true . It tore our company apart . After one tense argument , an advisor told me if I didn ' t agree to sell , I would regret the decision for the rest of my life . Relationships were so frayed that within a year or so every single person on the management team was gone . That was my hardest time leading Facebook . I believed in what we were doing , but I felt alone . And worse , it was my fault . I wondered if I was just wrong , an imposter , a 22 year - old kid who had no idea how the world worked . Now , years later , I understand that * is * how things work with no sense of higher purpose . It ' s up to us to create it so we can all keep moving forward together . Today I want to talk about three ways to create a world where everyone has a sense of purpose : by taking on big meaningful projects together , by redefining equality so everyone has the freedom to pursue purpose , and by building community across the world . First , let ' s take on big meaningful projects . Our generation will have to deal with tens of millions of jobs replaced by automation like self - driving cars and trucks . But we have the potential to do so much more together . Every generation has its defining works . More than 300 , 000 people worked to put a man on the moon – including that janitor . Millions of volunteers immunized children around the world against polio . Millions of more people built the Hoover dam and other great projects . These projects didn ' t just provide purpose for the people doing those jobs , they gave our whole country a sense of pride that we could do great things . Now it ' s our turn to do great things . I know , you ' re probably thinking : I don ' t know how to build a dam , or get a million people involved in anything . But let me tell you a secret : no one does when they begin . Ideas don ' t come out fully formed . They only become clear as you work on them . You just have to get started . If I had to understand everything about connecting people before I began , I never would have started Facebook . Movies and pop culture get this all wrong . The idea of a single eureka moment is a dangerous lie . It makes us feel inadequate since we haven ' t had ours . It prevents people with seeds of good ideas from getting started . Oh , you know what else movies get wrong about innovation ? No one writes math formulas on glass . That ' s not a thing . It ' s good to be idealistic . But be prepared to be misunderstood . Anyone working on a big vision will get called crazy , even if you end up right . Anyone working on a complex problem will get blamed for not fully understanding the challenge , even though it ' s impossible to know everything upfront . Anyone taking initiative will get criticized for moving too fast , because there ' s always someone who wants to slow you down . In our society , we often don ' t do big things because we ' re so afraid of making mistakes that we ignore all the things wrong today if we do nothing . The reality is , anything we do will have issues in the future . But that can ' t keep us from starting . So what are we waiting for ? It ' s time for our generation - defining public works . How about stopping climate change before we destroy the planet and getting millions of people involved manufacturing and installing solar panels ? How about curing all diseases and asking volunteers to track their health data and share their genomes ? Today we spend 50 x more treating people who are sick than we spend finding cures so people don ’ t get sick in the first place . That makes no sense . We can fix this . How about modernizing democracy so everyone can vote online , and personalizing education so everyone can learn ? These achievements are within our reach . Let ' s do them all in a way that gives everyone in our society a role . Let ' s do big things , not only to create progress , but to create purpose . So taking on big meaningful projects is the first thing we can do to create a world where everyone has a sense of purpose . The second is redefining equality to give everyone the freedom they need to pursue purpose . Many of our parents had stable jobs throughout their careers . Now we ' re all entrepreneurial , whether we ' re starting projects or finding or role . And that ' s great . Our culture of entrepreneurship is how we create so much progress . Now , an entrepreneurial culture thrives when it ' s easy to try lots of new ideas . Facebook wasn ' t the first thing I built . I also built games , chat systems , study tools and music players . I ' m not alone . JK Rowling got rejected 12 times before publishing Harry Potter . Even Beyonce had to make hundreds of songs to get Halo . The greatest successes come from having the freedom to fail . But today , we have a level of wealth inequality that hurts everyone . When you don ' t have the freedom to take your idea and turn it into a historic enterprise , we all lose . Right now our society is way over - indexed on rewarding success and we don ' t do nearly enough to make it easy for everyone to take lots of shots . Let ' s face it . There is something wrong with our system when I can leave here and make billions of dollars in 10 years while millions of students can ' t afford to pay off their loans , let alone start a business . Look , I know a lot of entrepreneurs , and I don ' t know a single person who gave up on starting a business because they might not make enough money . But I know lots of people who haven ' t pursued dreams because they didn ' t have a cushion to fall back on if they failed . We all know we don ' t succeed just by having a good idea or working hard . We succeed by being lucky too . If I had to support my family growing up instead of having time to code , if I didn ' t know I ' d be fine if Facebook didn ' t work out , I wouldn ' t be standing here today . If we ' re honest , we all know how much luck we ' ve had . Every generation expands its definition of equality . Previous generations fought for the vote and civil rights . They had the New Deal and Great Society . Now it ' s our time to define a new social contract for our generation . We should have a society that measures progress not just by economic metrics like GDP , but by how many of us have a role we find meaningful . We should explore ideas like universal basic income to give everyone a cushion to try new things . We ’ re going to change jobs many times , so we need affordable childcare to get to work and healthcare that aren ' t tied to one company . We ' re all going to make mistakes , so we need a society that focuses less on locking us up or stigmatizing us . And as technology keeps changing , we need to focus more on continuous education throughout our lives . And yes , giving everyone the freedom to pursue purpose isn ' t free . People like me should pay for it . Many of you will do well and you should too . That ' s why Priscilla and I started the Chan Zuckerberg Initiative and committed our wealth to promoting equal opportunity . These are the values of our generation . It was never a question of if we were going to do this . The only question was when . Millennials are already one of the most charitable generations in history . In one year , three of four US millennials made a donation and seven out of ten raised money for charity . But it ' s not just about money . You can also give time . I promise you , if you take an hour or two a week -- that ' s all it takes to give someone a hand , to help them reach their potential . Maybe you think that ' s too much time . I used to . When Priscilla graduated from Harvard she became a teacher , and before she ' d do education work with me , she told me I needed to teach a class . I complained : " Well , I ' m kind of busy . I ' m running this company . " But she insisted , so I taught a middle school program on entrepreneurship at the local Boys and Girls Club . I taught them lessons on product development and marketing , and they taught me what it ' s like feeling targeted for your race and having a family member in prison . I shared stories from my time in school , and they shared their hope of one day going to college too . For five years now , I ’ ve been having dinner with those kids every month . one of them threw me and Priscilla our first baby shower . And next year they ’ re going to college . Every one of them . First in their families . We can all make time to give someone a hand . Let ' s give everyone the freedom to pursue their purpose -- not only because it ' s the right thing to do , but because when more people can turn their dreams into something great , we ' re all better for it . Purpose doesn ' t only come from work . The third way we can create a sense of purpose for everyone is by building community . And when our generation says " everyone ", we mean everyone in the world . Quick show of hands : how many of you are from another country ? Now , how many of you are friends with one of these folks ? Now we ' re talking . We have grown up connected . In a survey asking millennials around the world what defines our identity , the most popular answer wasn ' t nationality , religion or ethnicity , it was " citizen of the world ". That ' s a big deal . Every generation expands the circle of people we consider one of us ". For us , it now encompasses the entire world . We understand the great arc of human history bends towards people coming together in ever greater numbers -- from tribes to cities to nations -- to achieve things we couldn ' t on our own . We get that our greatest opportunities are now global -- we can be the generation that ends poverty , that ends disease . We get that our greatest challenges need global responses too -- no country can fight climate change alone or prevent pandemics . Progress now requires coming together not just as cities or nations , but also as a global community . But we live in an unstable time . There are people left behind by globalization across the world . It ' s hard to care about people in other places if we don ’ t feel good about our lives here at home . There ’ s pressure to turn inwards . This is the struggle of our time . The forces of freedom , openness and global community against the forces of authoritarianism , isolationism and nationalism . Forces for the flow of knowledge , trade and immigration against those who would slow them down . This is not a battle of nations , it ' s a battle of ideas . There are people in every country for global connection and good people against it . This isn ' t going to be decided at the UN either . It ' s going to happen at the local level , when enough of us feel a sense of purpose and stability in our own lives that we can open up and start caring about everyone . The best way to do that is to start building local communities right now . We all get meaning from our communities . Whether our communities are houses or sports teams , churches or music groups , they give us that sense we are part of something bigger , that we are not alone ; they give us the strength to expand our horizons . That ' s why it ' s so striking that for decades , membership in all kinds of groups has declined as much as one - quarter . That ' s a lot of people who now need to find purpose somewhere else . But I know we can rebuild our communities and start new ones because many of you already are . I met Agnes Igoye , who ' s graduating today . Where are you , Agnes ? She spent her childhood navigating conflict zones in Uganda , and now she trains thousands of law enforcement officers to keep communities safe . I met Kayla Oakley and Niha Jain , graduating today , too . Stand up . Kayla and Niha started a non - profit that connects people suffering from illnesses with people in their communities willing to help . I met David Razu Aznar , graduating from the Kennedy School today . David , stand up . He ’ s a former city councilor who successfully led the battle to make Mexico City the first Latin American city to pass marriage equality -- even before San Francisco . This is my story too . A student in a dorm room , connecting one community at a time , and keeping at it until one day we connect the whole world . Change starts local . Even global changes start small -- with people like us . In our generation , the struggle of whether we connect more , whether we achieve our biggest opportunities , comes down to this -- your ability to build communities and create a world where every single person has a sense of purpose . Class of 2017 , you are graduating into a world that needs purpose . It ' s up to you to create it . Now , you may be thinking : can I really do this ? Remember when I told you about that class I taught at the Boys and Girls Club ? one day after class I was talking to them about college , and one of my top students raised his hand and said he wasn ' t sure he could go because he ' s undocumented . He didn ' t know if they ' d let him in . Last year I took him out to breakfast for his birthday . I wanted to get him a present , so I asked him and he started talking about students he saw struggling and said " You know , I ' d really just like a book on social justice . " I was blown away . Here ' s a young guy who has every reason to be cynical . He didn ' t know if the country he calls home -- the only one he ' s known -- would deny him his dream of going to college . But he wasn ' t feeling sorry for himself . He wasn ' t even thinking of himself . He has a greater sense of purpose , and he ' s going to bring people along with him . It says something about our current situation that I can ' t even say his name because I don ' t want to put him at risk . But if a high school senior who doesn ' t know what the future holds can do his part to move the world forward , then we owe it to the world to do our part too . Before you walk out those gates one last time , as we sit in front of Memorial Church , I am reminded of a prayer , Mi Shebeirach , that I say whenever I face a challenge , that I sing to my daughter thinking about her future when I tuck her into bed . It goes : " May the source of strength , who blessed the ones before us , help us * find the courage * to make our lives a blessing . " I hope you find the courage to make your life a blessing . Congratulations , Class of ' 17 ! Good luck out there . [ 출처 : 중앙일보 ] ( 전문 ) 저커버그 하버드 연설 " 모두 가 목표 의식 갖 는 세상 만들 라 " 공유 하 기 글 요소