Toyohiko KagawaFrom Wikipedia , the free encyclopedia ( Redirected from Kagawa Toyohiko ) Jump to : navigation , searchKagawa ToyohikoBorn 10 July 1888 Died 23 April 1960 N a t i o n a l i t yJapaneseOccupationsocial reformer , peace activist , evangelistToyohiko Kagawa ( 賀 川 豊 彦 Kagawa Toyohiko , 10 July 1888 – 23 April 1960 ) was a Japanese pacifist , Christian reformer , and labour activist . Kagawa wrote , spoke , and worked at length on ways to employ Christian principles in the ordering of society . His vocation to help the poor led him to live among them . He established schools , hospitals , and churches . Contents [ hide ] 1 Early life 2 Activism 3 Brotherhood economics 4 3 - D farming 5 Famous quotes 6 References 7 See also [ edit ] Early lifeKagawa was born in Kobe , Japan to a philandering businessman and a concubine . However , both parents died while he was young . He was sent away to school , where he learned from two American missionary teachers , Drs . Harry W . Myers and Charles A . Logan , who took him into their homes . Having learned English from these missionaries , Kagawa converted to Christianity after taking a Bible class in his youth , which led to him being disowned by his remaining extended family . Kagawa studied both in Japan at the Tokyo Presbyterian College , and in the United States . He later enrolled in the Kobe Theological Seminary . While studying there , Kagawa was troubled by the seminarians ' concern for technicalities of doctrine . He believed that Christianity in action was the truth of Christian doctrines . Impatiently , he would point to the parable of the Good Samaritan . [ edit ] ActivismAfter returning to Japan , Kagawa was arrested in 1921 and again in 1922 for his part in labour activism . While in prison he wrote the novels Crossing the Deathline and Shooting at the Sun . After his release , Kagawa assisted in bringing universal adult male suffrage to Japan in 1925 . He also organized the Japanese Federation of Labour , as well as the National Anti - War League in 1928 . Throughout this period , he continued to evangelize to Japan ' s poor and push for women ' s suffrage and a peaceful foreign policy . Between 1926 and 1934 , he focused his evangelical work through the Kingdom of God Movement . At the end of the war , Kagawa was part of the transitional Japanese government that offered surrender to the United States . In 1940 , Kagawa made an apology to the Republic of China for Japan ' s occupation of China , and was arrested again for this . After his release , he went back to the United States in a futile attempt to prevent war between that nation and Japan . He then returned to Japan to continue his attempts to win women ' s suffrage . During his life , Kagawa wrote over 150 books . He was nominated for the Nobel Peace Prize in 1954 and 1955 . [ 1 ] After his death , Kagawa was awarded the second - highest honor of Japan , induction in the Order of the Sacred Treasure . He is also commemorated in the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America as a renewer of society on April 23 of the same year . [ edit ] Brotherhood economicsKagawa ' s economic theory , as expressed in the book " Brotherhood Economics , " advocated that the Christian Church , Cooperative Movement , and Peace movement unite in a ' powerful working synthesis ' to provide a workable alternative to capitalism , State Socialism , and Fascism . [ 2 ] [ edit ] 3 - D farmingIn the 1930 s , he addressed problems of soil erosion by persuading many of Japan ' s upland farmers to plant fodder trees to conserve soil , supply food and feed animals ( the three " dimensions " of his system ) . He was a forerunner of the modern Forest gardening idea and an inspirer of Robert Hart who planted an inspirational forest garden at Much Wenlock , Shropshire , UK . [ edit ] Famous quotesOn the morning of 1946 , at the Imperial Palace in Tokyo , before Emperor Hirohito , " Whosoever will be great among you . .. shall be the servant of all . A ruler ' s sovereignty , Your Majesty , is in the hearts of the people . only by service to others can a man , or nation , be godlike . " " Communism ' s only power is to diagnose some of the ills of disordered society . It has no cure . It creates only an infantile paralysis of the social order . " [ edit ] References ^ Nobel Peace Prize Nomination Database ^ Kagawa , Toyohiko , “ Brotherhood Economics ” , New York and London : Harper & Brothers , 1936 . Kagawa Toyohiko . 2005 . Encyclopædia Britannica . Retrieved December 15 , 2005 , from Encyclopædia Britannica online [ 1 ] BookRags Biography on Kagawa Toyohiko . BookRags . Retrieved 15 December 2005 , from the World Wide Web . [ 2 ] Toyohiko Kagawa , Japanese Original . 2001 . Christian History Institute . Retrieved December 15 , 2005 . [ 3 ] Unconquerable Kagawa . 1951 . Reader ' s Digest . pg . 29 - 31 Richard H . Drummond , A History of Christianity in Japan . Grand Rapids : Eerdmans , 1971 . Drummond devotes a section of his history to Kagawa ' s work and influence . [ edit ] See alsoChristianity portal [ hide ] v • d • eCooperatives and Mutual organizationsTypes ofcooperativesBy governanceConsumers ' cooperativeCooperative federation · Cooperative wholesale societyWorker cooperativeEmployee ownership · Workers ' self - management · Workers ' control · Workplace democracy · Unionized cooperative · Business and employment co - operativePurchasing cooperativeRetailers ' cooperativeSocial cooperative · Agent - owned companyBy purposeCooperative bankingCredit union · Mutual savings bankHousing cooperativeBuilding cooperative · Student housing cooperative · Housing societyAgricultural cooperativeCollective farming · winemaking cooperativeUtility cooperativeCommunity wind energyMutual educationFree school · Homeschool cooperative · Democratic education · Learning by teachingMutual insuranceHealth insurance cooperativeFood cooperative · Recycling cooperativeIdentityThe Rochdale Principles · ICA Statement on the Cooperative IdentityPolitical andeconomic theoriesCooperative federalism · Distributism · Owenism · Mutualism · Neo - Capitalism · Socialism · Social enterprise · Socially responsible investing · Co - operative economics · Solidarity economyKey theoristsRobert Owen · William King · The Rochdale Pioneers · G . D . H . Cole · Charles Gide · Beatrice Webb · Friedrich Raiffeisen · David GriffithsHistory andgeographyUkraine · United KingdomOrganizationsList of cooperatives · List of cooperative federations · List of worker cooperatives · International Co - operative Alliance · Co - operativesUK · Co - operative Party