Christmas Oratorio , BWV 248 바흐 / 크리스마스 오라토리오 Johann Sebastian Bach , 1685 ∼ 1750 Eugen Jochum , Cond / Bavarian Radio Symphony OrchestraChristmas Oratorio , BWV 248 Johann Sebastian Bach 가 Leipzig 에서 1733 년 과 1734 년 사이 에 써서 1734 년 에 처음 으로 연주 한 것 으로 기록 이 되 어 있 는 이곡 은 사실상 오라토리오 양식 이 라고 할 수 는 없 는 작품 입니다 . 오라토리오 는 헨델 에 의해서 확립 된 , 작품 전체 가 전체 적 인 하나 의 이야기 또는 주제 를 가지 고 있 습니다 만 이 작품 은 하나 의 이야기 로 통일 되 어 있 지 않 습니다 . 물론 마태오복음 과 루가복음 에 있 는 성탄절 의 이야기 를 주제 로 다루 지만 다른 오라토리오 처럼 곡 전체 를 한 번 에 연주 하 도록 되 어 있 지 않 은 특징 이 있 습니다 . 그리고 다른 작품 예 를 들 어 b 단조 미사 나 다른 칸타타 에서 상당 곡 을 차용 하 였 습니다 . 또한 이 곡 은 엄밀히 보 면 6 개 의 작 은 칸타타 로 구성 이 되 어 있 다고 보 아야 합니다 . 그리고 이 칸타타 들 은 성탄절 기간 동안 나누 어서 연주 하 도록 되 어 있 습니다 . 예 를 들 면 첫 부분 은 성탄일 , 즉 12 월 25 일 에 연주 되 고 마지막 부분 은 예수 공현 대축일 ( Epiphany ) , 즉 성탄절 로 부 터 12 일 후 , 대개 는 1 월 6 일 이나 그날 에 가장 가까운 주일 에 연주 됩니다 . Part 1 연속 듣 기 Conductor : Eugen JochumPerformer : Hermann Prey , Elly Ameling , Horst R . Laubenthal , Brigitte FassbaenderOrchestra : Bavarian Radio Symphony Orchestra , Bavarian Radio Symphony Orchestra & Chorus , Bayerischen Rundfunkorchester , Chorus and Sinfonie orchester des Bayerischen RundfunksPart 1 - 크리스마스 첫째 날 이것 은 12 월 25 일 크리스마스 예배 에 불려진 것 으로 첫 곡 의 대 합창 이 하 9 곡 으로 되 어 있 습니다 . 전체 적 으로 는 D 장조 를 주로 하 여 , 분위기 를 밝 고 즐거우 며 크리스마스 를 축하 하 는 축제 적 분위기 가 느껴집니다 . 01 . 1 . Chorus ( S , A , T , B ) Triumph , rejoicing , rise , praising these days now , Tell ye what this day the Highest hath done ! Fear now abandon and banish complaining , Join , filled with triumph and gladness , our song ! Serve ye the Highest in glorious chorus , Let us the name of our ruler now honor ! 02 . Recit . ( T ) EvangelistIt occurred , however , at the time that a decree from the Emperor Augustus went out that all the world should be enrolled . And everyone then went forth to be enrolled , each person unto his own city . And then as well went up Joseph from Galilee from the city of Nazareth into the land of Judea to David ' s city which is called Bethlehem , because he was of the house and of the lineage of David to be enrolled there with Mary , who was betrothed to be his wife , and she was pregnant . And while they were in that place , there came the time for her to be delivered . 03 . Recitativo ( A ) : Now is my dearest bridegroom rareNow is my dearest bridegroom rare , Now is the prince of David ' s stem As earth ' s redeeming comfort Here born in time amongst us . Now will shine bright the star of Jacob , Its beam e ' en now breaks forth . Rise , Zion , and abandon now thy weeping , Thy fortune soars aloft . 04 . Aria ( A ) : Prepare thyself , ZionPrepare thyself , Zion , with tender affection , The fairest , the dearest soon midst thee to see ! Thy cheeks ' beauty Must today shine much more brightly , Hasten , the bridegroom to love with deep passion . 05 . Chorale ( S , A , T , B ) : How shall I then receive theeHow shall I then receive thee And how thy presence find ? Desire of ev ' ry nation , O glory of my soul ! O Jesus , Jesus , Set out for me thy torch , That all that brings thee pleasure By me be clearly known . 06 . Recit . ( T ) Evangelist : And she brought forth her first - born sonAnd she brought forth her first - born son and wrapped him in swaddling cloths and laid him within a manger , for they had no other room in the inn for them . 07 . Choral ( S ) e Recitativo ( B ) : He is to earth now come so poorHe is to earth now come so poor , Who will the love then rightly praise Which this our Savior for us keeps ? That he us his mercy showYea , is there one who understandeth How he by mankind ' s woe is moved ? And in heaven make us richThe Most High ' s Son comes in the world Whose health to him so dear is held , And to his own dear angels like . So will he as a man himself be born now . Kyrieleis ! 08 . Aria ( B ) : Mighty Lord , O strongest sovereignMighty Lord , O strongest sovereign , Dearest Savior , O how little Heedest thou all earthly pomp ! He who all the world doth keep , All its pomp and grace hath fashioned , Must within the hard crib slumber . 09 . Chorale ( S , A , T , B ) : Ah my beloved Jesus - childAh my belove ' d Jesus - child , Make here thy bed , clean , soft and mild For rest within my heart ' s own shrine , That I no more fail to be thine ! Part 2 . - 크리스마스 둘째 날 - 크리스마스 제 2 일 ( 12 월 26 일 ) 의 예배 에 쓰인 것 이 다 . 신포 니아 이하 14 곡 으로 되 어 있 으며 전곡 가운데 가장 즐겁 고 목가 적 인 부분 입니다 . 01 . Sinfonia 02 . Recit . ( T ) EvangelistAnd there were shepherds in that very region in the field nearby their sheepfolds , who kept their watch by night over their flocks . And see now , the angel of the Lord came before them , and the glory of the Lord shone round about them , and they were sore afraid . 03 . Chorale ( S , A , T , B ) Break forth , O beauteous morning light , And bring day to the heavens ! Thou shepherd folk , be not afraid , For thee the angel telleth That this the helpless little boy Shall be our comfort and our joy , Here for to conquer Satan And peace at last to bring us ! 04 . Recit . ( T , S ) Evangelist , Angel ( Evangelist ) And the angel spake unto them : ( Angel ) Be not afraid , see now , I proclaim to you news of great gladness , which all the nations of the world will learn . For to you today is the Savior born , who is Christ , the Lord , in the city of David . 05 . Recitativo ( B ) What God to Abraham did promise , This hath he to the shepherd choir Revealed and proven . A shepherd all this once before Of God to learn was destined ; And now as well a shepherd must The deed of yore he promised us Be first to see completed . 06 . Aria ( T ) Joyful shepherds , haste , ah hasten , Ere ye here too long should tarry , Haste , the gracious child to visit ! Go , your gladness is too fair , Seek his grace ' s inspiration , Go and comfort heart and spirit . 07 . Recit . ( T ) EvangelistAnd let this be your sign : ye will discover the babe in swaddling clothes there wrapped and in a manger lying . 08 . Chorale ( S , A , T , B ) Look there , he lies in manger drear Whose power reacheth ev ' rywhere ! Where fodder once the ox did seek , There resteth now the Virgin ' s child . 09 . Recitativo ( B ) So go then there , ye shepherds , go , That ye this wonder see : And when ye find the Highest ' s Son Within an austere manger lying , Then sing to him beside his cradle In tones that sweetly ring And with assembled choir This song of slumber bring ! 10 . Aria ( A ) Sleep now , my dearest , enjoy now thy rest , Wake on the morrow to flourish in splendor ! Lighten thy breast , With joy be thou blest , Where we hold our heart ' s great pleasure ! 11 . Recit . ( T ) EvangelistAnd suddenly there was with the angel the multitude of the host of heaven , there praising God and saying : 12 . Chorus ( S , A , T , B ) Choir of AngelsGlory to God in the highest and peace on the earth now and to mankind a sign of favor . 13 . Recitativo ( B ) ' Tis meet , ye angels , sing and triumph , That we today have gained such fortune ! Up then ! We ' ll join our voice to yours , We can as well as ye rejoice . 14 . Chorale ( S , A , T , B ) We sing to thee amidst thy host With all our strength , laud , fame and praise , That thou , O long desiréd guest , Art come into this world at last . Part 3 - 크리스마스 세째 날 - 크리스마스 제 3 일 ( 12 월 27 일 ) 의 예배 를 위한 것 으로 12 곡 으로 이루어져 있 습니다 1 . Chorus ( S , A , T , B ) Ruler of heaven , give ear to our stammer , Let these our weary refrains bring thee pleasure , As thee thy Zion with psalms doth exalt ! Hear thou our hearts , though , exultant with praises , As we to thee here our homage now render , For our salvation stands strong and secure ! 2 . Recit . ( T ) EvangelistAnd when the angel went away from them up to heaven , said the shepherds one to another : 3 . Chorus ( S , A , T , B ) The Shepherds " Let us now go quickly to Bethlehem and this event now witness which hath here taken place , that which the Lord made known to us . " 4 . Recitativo ( B ) He brought his people hope , He hath his Israel redeemed , His help from Zion he hath sent us And all our suff ' ring ended . See , shepherds , this thing hath he done ; Go , this thing go and see ! 5 . Chorale ( S , A , T , B ) This hath he all for us brought forth , His great love to manifest ; Rejoice thus all Christianity And thank him in eternity . Kyrieleis ! 6 . Aria ( S , B ) Lord , thy mercy , thy forgiveness , Comforts us and sets us free . Thy most gracious love and favor , Thy most wonderful affection Here make thy paternal faith New again . 7 . Recit . ( T ) EvangelistAnd they went forth quickly and found there both Mary and Joseph , and the child lying in the manger . When they , however , had ceased their looking , they spread forth the saying which had been told unto them concerning this child . And all to whom it came wondered at the story which had been reported to them by the shepherds . But Mary kept to herself then all these sayings , and she pondered them within her heart . 8 . Aria ( A ) Keep thou , my heart now , this most blessed wonder Fast within thy faith alway ! And let this wonder , these godly achievements , Ever as comfort Of thy feeble faith abide ! 9 . Recit . ( A ) Oh yes , my heart shall ever cherish All it at this most gracious time To its eternal bliss With certain signs of proof hath witnessed . 10 . Chorale ( S , A , T , B ) I will thee steadfastly cherish , For thy sake My life make , In thee I will perish , With thee will I one day hover Full of joy For alway There when life is over . 11 . Recit . ( T ) EvangelistAnd the shepherds then turned back again , glorifying and praising God for all the things which they had seen and had heard , just as it had been told to them . 12 . Chorale ( S , A , T , B ) Be glad this while , For now your health Is here as God and as a man born to you , The one who is The Lord and Christ In David ' s city , out of many chosen . Part 4 - 신년 할례 절 - 전 7 곡 으로 이루어져 있 으며 주로 밝 은 장조 로 되 어 있 습니다 . 1 . Chorus ( S , A , T , B ) Fall and thank him , fall and praise him At the Highest ' s throne of grace ! God ' s own Son Will of earth the Savior and Redeemer be now , God ' s own Son Stems our foe ' s great wrath and fury . 2 . Recit . ( T ) EvangelistAnd when eight days were accomplished that the child be circumcised , was his name then called Jesus , which was so named by the angel , before he was conceived within his mother ' s womb . 3 . Recit . ( B ) and Chorale ( S ) Immanuel , O sweetest word ! My Jesus is my shield , My Jesus is my being . My Jesus is to me devoted , My Jesus shall I ever hold Before my eyes suspended . My Jesus is my joyful rest , My Jesus soothes my heart and breast . Jesus , thou , my life belove ' d , Of my soul the bridegroom true , Come ! I would now with joy embrace thee , My heart shall nevermore release thee , Thou who didst for me surrender To the bitter cross ' s tree ! Ah ! Take me to thyself ! E ' en in my dying shalt thou my Most cherished treasure be ; In need , in dread and sore distress I ' ll look and yearn for thee . What cruelty at last can death then hound me with ? My Jesus ! When I die here , I know that I shall never perish . Thy name is written deep within me , It hath the fear of death now banished . 4 . Aria ( S ) Doth , my Savior , doth thy name have E ' en the very smallest kernel Of that awful terror now ? No , thyself thou sayest " No . " ( No ! ) Ought I now of death be wary ? No , the gentle word is here ! Rather , ought I greet it gladly ? Yes , O Savior , thou say ' st " Yes . " ( Yes ! ) 5 . Recit . ( B ) and Chorale ( S ) O joy , thy name shall now alone Within my bosom dwell ! Jesus , my true joy and pleasure , My true treasure , share and hope , Thus will I call thy name with rapture When breast and heart for thee with love are burning . My salvation , crown and health , But , dearest , tell me now : How thee to praise , how thee to thank . King and shepherd , sun and radiance , Ah , how shall I worthily , My Lord Jesus , give thee praise ? 6 . Aria ( T ) I would but for thine honor live now ; My Savior , give me strength of will , That this my heart with zeal may do . Strengthen me Thy mercy worthily And with gratitude to honor ! 7 . Chorale ( S , A , T , B ) Jesus order my beginning , Jesus bide alway with me , Jesus bridle my intention , Jesus be my sole desire , Jesus be in all my thinking , Jesus , let me never waver . Part 5 - 신년 첫 주일 - 제 5 부 는 신년 후 첫 번 째 일요일 예배 를 위한 칸타타 로 13 곡 으로 이루어져 있 으며 조성 은 주로 A 장조 이 며 . 가사 는 마태오복음 의 의 합니다 . 1 . Chorus ( S , A , T , B ) Glory to thee , God , be sung now , Thee be praise and thanks prepared , Thee exalteth all the world , For our good is thy desire , For today Is our ev ' ry wish accomplished , For us thy favor brings such splendid joy . 2 . Recit . ( T ) EvangelistNow when Jesus was born in Bethlehem in the land of Judea in the days when Herod was the king , behold , there came the wise from the East to Jerusalem , who said : 3 . Chorus ( S , A , T , B ) The Wise Men ; Recit . ( A ) Where doth the newborn babe , the king of the Jews , lie ? Seek him within my breast , He dwells here , mine and his the joy ! We have indeed his star now witnessed where morning riseth ( 1 ) and are come now to give him worship . Blest ye , who have this light now witnessed , It is for your salvation risen ! My Savior , thou , thou art that light , Which to the nations shall shine also , And they , they do not know thee yet , As they e ' en now would pay thee honor . How bright , how clear must then thy rays , Belove ' d Jesus , be ! 4 . Chorale ( S , A , T , B ) Thy light all darkness doth consume , The gloomy night to day transform . Lead us upon thy pathways , That we thy face And glorious light For evermore may witness ! 5 . Aria ( B ) Illumine , too , my gloomy spirit , Illumine my bosom With the beams of thy clear light ! Thy word shall be my brightest candle In all the works which I shall do ; My soul shall this keep from all wicked endeavor . 6 . Recit . ( T ) EvangelistAnd thus when Herod the king had heard this , he trembled , and with him the whole of Jerusalem . 7 . Recit . ( A ) Wherefore would ye be frightened ? Can my dear Jesus ' presence then in you such fear awaken ? Oh ! Should ye not by this Instead be moved with gladness , That he thereby hath pledged To make anew mankind ' s well - being ! 8 . Recit . ( T ) EvangelistAnd assembling all the high priests and scribes from amongst the people , did he then inquire of them , where the birth of Christ was supposed to happen . And they said to him : " In Bethlehem in the land of Judea ; for even thus is it written by the prophet : ' And thou , Bethlehem , in the land of Judea art by no means the least among the princes of Judah ; for from thee shall to me come the ruler , who shall over my people Israel be master . '" 9 . Aria ( S , A , T ) Ah , when will that time appear then ? Ah , when will his people ' s hope come ? Hush , he is already here ! Jesus , ah , then come to me ! 10 . Recit . ( A ) My dearest ruleth now . The heart which his dominion loveth And gives itself to him entirely Shall be my Jesus ' throne . 11 . Chorale ( S , A , T , B ) Though in truth my heart ' s poor lodging Is no lovely royal hall , Rather but a dreary chamber , Yet , when once thy mercy ' s beams Bring to it the merest glimmer , It seems as though with sun to shimmer . Part 6 - 주 님 공현 대축일 그리스도 의 공현절 ( Epiphany ) 축제 즉 동방 박사 에 의해 예수 가 메시 야임 을 드러낸 일 을 기념 하 는 1 월 6 일 의 예배 를 위한 곳 으로 11 곡 으로 되 어 있 으며 D 장조 를 주로 하 고 있 습니다 . 1 . Chorus ( S , A , T , B ) Lord , when our boastful foes blow fury , Help us to keep our faith unshaken And to thy might and help to look ! We would make thee our sole reliance And thus unharmed the cutting talons And clutches of the foe escape . 2 . Recit . ( T , B ) Evangelist , Herod ( Evangelist ) Then did Herod summon the wise men in secret , and with diligence he learned from them when the star was to appear . And he sent them forth to Bethlehem and said : ( Herod ) Go ye forth and search with diligence for the baby , and when ye find him , bring me word , that I as well may come and worship him . 3 . Recit . ( S ) Thou liar , seek nought but the Lord ' s destruction , Lay ev ' ry cunning snare And pitfall for our Savior ; He , whose great pow ' r no man can gauge , Abides in hands secure . Thy heart , thy lying heart e ' en now , Along with all its guile , to God ' s own Son Whom thou dost strive to fell is fully known . 4 . Aria ( S ) But a wave of his own hand will Bring down feeble human might . Here is all dominion mocked ! Speak the Highest but one word , His opponents ' pride to finish , Oh , then surely must at once Change its course all mortal purpose . 5 . Recit . ( T ) Evangelist And as soon as they had heard the king , they went their way . And lo , the star , which in the East they had seen already , went before their way , until it came and stood above that place where the baby was . And when they saw the star , they rejoiced with great gladness and went into the house and found there the baby with Mary , his mother , and fell before him and worshipped him and opened up their treasures then and gave to him gold , incense , and myrrh . 6 . Chorale ( S , A , T , B ) I stand before thy cradle here , O Jesus - child , my being , I come now , bring and offer thee What thou to me hast given . Take all ! It is my spirit , will , Heart , soul and mind , take all to thee , And let it serve thy pleasure ! 7 . Recit . ( T ) Evangelist And God then warned them in a dream that they should not go again unto Herod , and they went by another way back to their country . 8 . Recit . ( T ) Then go ! ' Tis well , my treasure leaveth not , He bideth here with me , I will not ever let him leave me . His arm will in his love With soft affection ' s warmth And deepest tenderness embrace me ; He shall remain my faithful bridegroom , I will my breast and heart assign him . I know full well he loveth me , My heart , too , loves him fervently And shall alway adore him . What harm to me could any foe Amidst such fortune do now ? Thou , Jesus , art fore ' er my friend ; And when in fear I cry to thee : " Lord , help ! ," let me thy help behold ! 9 . Aria ( T ) Now may ye boastful foes be frightened ; Ye can in me what fear awaken ? My store , my hoard is here by me . Be ye unbounded in your fury And threaten me with utter ruin , Beware , my Savior dwelleth here ! 10 . Recit . ( S , A , T , B ) What hope hath hell ' s own terrors now , What harm will world and sin us do , While we in Jesus ' hands rest sure ? 11 . Chorale ( S , A , T , B ) Now are ye well avengéd Upon your hostile host , For Christ hath fully broken All that which you opposed . Death , devil , hell and error To nothing are reduced ; With God hath now its shelter The mortal race of man . 보통 교회 축일 과 일요일 예배 에서 사용 되 는 성가 와 칸타타 들 은 복음서 의 내용 에 따라 가사 를 단다 . 그러나 그런 복음서 의 각 대목 이 그 날 의 성격 과 정확히 일치 하 지 않 을 수 있 으므로 바 하 는 논리 적 연속 성 때문 에 루터 교회 에서 정한 복음 의 구성 을 재 배열 하 였 다 . 즉 , 크리스마스 제 3 일 의 이야기 를 명확히 나타내 기 위해 지정 된 요한복음 을 구성 에서 삭제 하 고 누가복음 을 집 어 넣 었 다 . 요한복음 1 장 1 ∼ 14 절 은 실제로 는 크리스마스 와 관련 없 는 부분 이 지만 크리스마스 셋째 날 에 낭송 되 었 기 때문 이 다 . 이집트 도피 이야기 가 담긴 마태복음 2 장 13 ∼ 23 절 은 그 내용 상 동방 박사 이야기 직전 에 나올 것 이 아니 라 완전히 분리 되 어 오라토리오 의 마지막 에 나와야 옳 다 . 또한 동방 박사 이야기 도 현현 과 너무 바짝 붙 어 있 어 내용 전개 에 무리 를 준다 . 이런 문제점 에 따른 재정리 로 바흐 의 작곡 특성 은 보다 명백히 드러난다 . 천사 가 목자 들 에게 구세주 의 탄생 을 알리 는 장면 만 으로 제 2 부 를 구성 하 게 되 며 , 작곡 특성 , 악기 편성 , 조 선택 등 에 있 어 목가 적 인 색채 를 분명히 할 수 있 는 것 이 다 . 이 곡 의 초연 에 관해서 는 공연 장소 와 시간 까지 자세히 남 아 있 다 . 제 1 부 는 이른 아침 에 는 성 니콜라이 교회 본당 에서 그리고 오후 에 는 성 토마스 교회 에서 연주 되 었 다 . 제 2 부 는 전날 과 반대 의 순서 로 연주 되 었 고 , 초연 되 던 해 의 크리스마스 셋째 날 은 보통 일요일 과 다름 없 었 으므로 제 3 부 와 5 부 는 성 니콜라이 교회 에서 만 연주 되 었 다 . 제 4 부 와 6 부 는 축일 을 위한 것 이 므로 아침 에 는 성 토마스 교회 에서 오후 에 는 성 니콜라이 교회 에서 연주 되 었 다 . 글 출처 : 웹 사이트 / 음원 출처 : 향기 로운 삶 의 쉼터