우리 나라 황단 나무 의 신 분포 및 분류학 적 특징 
 A new distribution of Dalbergia hupeana Hance ( Fabaceae ) in Korea and its taxonomic characteristics 
 Publication date ( electronic ) : 2015 March 31 
 doi : https : / / doi . org / 10 . 11110 / kjpt . 2015 . 45 . 1 . 22 
 In - Su Choi , Dong - Pil Jin , Suk - Ja An 1 , Byoung - Hee Choi 
 Department of Biological Sciences , Inha University , Incheon 402 - 751 , Korea 
 1101 - 2 , Namgyo - dong , Mokpo - si , Jeollanam - do 530 - 310 , Korea 
 최인수 , 진동 필 , 안숙자 1 , 최병희 
 인하 대학교 자연 과학 대학 생명 과학 과 
 1 전라남도 목포시 남교동 101 - 2 
 * Author for correspondence : bhchoi @ inha . ac . kr 
 목포시 유달산 에서 발견 된 황단 나무 ( Dalbergia hupeana ) 의 신 분포 를 보 고 한다 . 본 종 은 중국 에 만 분포 하 는 것 으로 알려져 있 었 으나 이번 연구 를 통해서 한반도 에 도 자라 는 것 이 확인 되 었 다 . 종 의 동정 은 형태 형질 과 DNA 염기 서열 을 통해 확인 하 였 다 . 황단 나무속 ( Genus Dalbergia ) 또한 한국 산 으로 처음 보 고 되 는데 , 다른 한국 산 콩 과 수종 들 과 는 양 체 웅예 ( 5 + 5 ) 를 가지 는 것 으로 뚜렷이 구분 된다 . 본 속 과 종 의 형태 형질 에 대해 기재 하 였으며 , 이 들 의 국내 분포 기원 이 자생 또는 도입 에 의한 것 인지 논의 하 였 다 . 
 A new distribution of Dalbergia hupeana has been reported at Mt . Yudal in Mokpo - si , Korea . It was previously thought to be restricted to China , but is now recognized as a new addition to Korean flora . Species identification was confirmed according to morphological characteristics and DNA sequences . The genus Dalbergia is clearly distinguished from other leguminous tree species in Korea due to its diadelphous ( 5 + 5 ) stamens . Here , we describe the characteristics of the genus and species and speculate about whether its origins are native or introduced in Korea . 
 The distribution of Dalbergia hupeana in Korea was investigated through field , literature , and oral surveys . Dried voucher specimens collected by the authors are being stored in the herbaria of Inha University ( IUI ) and the Chinese Academy of Sciences ( PE ) , Beijing . Materials for morphological observations included dried specimens prepared from our own field samples at Mt . Yudal as well as those from the PE herbarium ( Appendix ) . The molecular analysis involved DNA sequences of the nuclear internal transcribed spacer ( nrITS ) region plus plastid matK and rbcL ( Table 1 ) . Methods for analysis largely followed those described by Choi et al . ( 2013 ) . Primer pairs were used for ITS ( White et al . , 1990 ) , matK ( Wojciechowski et al . , 2004 ) , and rbcL ( Olmstead et al . , 1992 ) . 
 Site of variation among aligned sequences for ITS 2 , partial matK , and partial rbcL from Dalbergia hupeana and related species . 
 Surveys of habitat status and distribution 
 Plants of Dalbergia hupeana found at Mt . Yudal are located near the Buddhist temples . The population is restricted to lower elevations ( approximately 120 m ) where it dominates in more humid areas on slopes . This habitat contains more than 100 adult trees and numerous young seedlings of this species , with a maximum height of ca . 15 m and a diameter at breast height ( DBH ) of ca . 55 cm . Therefore , the D . hupeana population appears to be autochthonous and has a high rate of reproduction . The understory in this habitat also includes three evergreen species : Ligustrum japonicum Thunb . , Trachelospermum asiaticum ( Siebold & Zucc . ) Nakai , and Hedera rhombea ( Miq . ) Siebold & Zucc . ex Bean . Further investigations revealed no other natural populations in Korea . However , trees of this species have been planted at three locations in Jeollado : Chonnam National University , Namwon National Gugak Center , and Manchui Garden . Among these , Manchui Garden is the oldest , having been built in 1913 at the end of the Chosun Dynasty . That site also features the oldest D . hupeana individual , a tree with a DBH of ca . 55 cm . 
 Morphological identification and characteristics 
 Molecular characters from nrITS and cpDNA 
 The sequenced ITS region is 614 bp long and contains ITS 1 ( 231 bp ) , 5 . 8 S ( 167 bp ) , and ITS 2 ( 216 bp ) . The ITS sequence shows low similarity ( 72 . 6 % pairwise identity ) to Cladrastis platycarpa ( GenBank No . JQ 676974 ) . Blast results indicate high similarity to Dalbergia species . Both of those findings support our identification . Because complete , available sequences are not sufficient for D . hupeana and related species , we compared the partial ITS , matK , and rbcL regions and were able to distinguish D . hupeana from other congeneric species ( Table 1 ) . Only a single substitution occurred in the ITS 2 region while the matK and rbcL sequences were identical between Chinese and Korean D . hupeana . 
 The origin of Dalbergia hupeana in Korea : Native vs . Introduced 
 Distribution of Dalbergia hupeana , modified from the PE herbarium website ( http : / / pe . ibcas . ac . cn / ). 
 Dalbergia Linnaeus f . , Suppl . Pl . 52 , 316 . 1782 . 
 Korean name : 황단 나무속 Hwang - dan - na - mu - sok ( 신칭 ) 
 Species : ca . 250 
 Korean name : 황단 나무 Hwang - dan - na - mu ( 신칭 ) 
 Distribution : China , Korea . 
 Korea : Jeollanam - do . 
 Taxonomic note : This report of Dalbergia hupeana in Korea extends the distribution of this species northeastward . Moreover , this genus is a new addition to Korean flora . Its leaflet morphology , especially texture , is highly plastic by season , and lengths vary between flowering ( 5 . 0 – 7 . 5 cm ) and non - flowering ( 7 – 11 cm ) material . In Korea , new leaves emerge in late June , with the last dates being recorded for trees growing at Mt . Yudal . Based on this , the species can be readily distinguished from others because trees of the former appear to be withered during the springtime . 
 We wish to express our sincere thanks to Prof . X . Y . Zhu and the PE curators for their examination of specimens used here . We also thank other colleagues , W . B . Cho and D . H . Lee at the Plant Systematics Laboratory of Inha University for commenting on the manuscript . 
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 Appendix : Representative specimens examined for this study 
 Dalbergia hupeana Hance 
 Taxon Taxon Taxon 
 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 2 3 3 3 5 0 
 2 2 6 8 3 5 8 9 1 0 1 2 1 1 
 0 9 3 0 5 4 4 5 6 0 0 1 4 6 
 D . hupeana ( GU 217673 ) C G T T C A T G T D . hupeana ( HQ 427296 ) C C G G D . hupeana ( HQ 427142 ) A 
 D . hupeana ( Mt . Yudal ) • • • • T • • • • D . hupeana ( Mt . Yudal ) • • • • D . hupeana ( Mt . Yudal ) • 
 D . assamica ( AB 828610 ) • • • • • • A A C D . assamica ( HG 326215 ) T • A T D . nigrescens ( AB 925438 ) C 
 D . balansae ( AB 828612 ) A A C C • G A A C D . nigrescens ( AB 924826 ) T T A T D . stipulacea ( KF 181521 ) C