인도 의 TBT 와 SPS : 제도 , 사례 , 대인 도 수출 에 미치 는 영향 ( India ' s TBT and SPS : Institutions , Cases and Impact on Exports to India ) by Woong Lee , Jung Mi Lee , Sinju Kim , Yong Joon Jang : : SSRN 
 인도 의 TBT 와 SPS : 제도 , 사례 , 대인 도 수출 에 미치 는 영향 ( India ' s TBT and SPS : Institutions , Cases and Impact on Exports to India ) 
 KIEP Research Paper , Studies in Comprehensive Regional Strategies 16 - 03 
 138 Pages Posted : 5 Apr 2017 
 See all articles by Woong Lee 
 Jung Mi Lee 
 Sinju Kim 
 Yong Joon Jang 
 Kyung Hee University - Department of International Trade and Business 
 Korean Abstract : 최근 주요 비관세 조치 인 TBT 와 SPS 가 확대 되 고 있 는 상황 하 에서 본 연구 는 인도 의 TBT 와 SPS 관련 정부 조직 과 각종 제도 및 정책 을 조사 하 고 관련 무역 현안 사례 를 분석 하 였으며 , 인도 의 TBT 와 SPS 가 대인 도 수출 에 미치 는 영향 을 분석 하 였 다 . 
 English Abstract : Since the financial crisis began in the late 2000 s , the tendency of protective trade has been strengthened in the globe . In India , Prime Minister Narendra Modi , evaluated the current FTAs of India as non - beneficial to India . The Modi administration has redirected its FTA strategy from the quantitative expansion that the previous administration pursued to the strategy that emphasizes qualitative growth . It is possible that the Modi administration implements protective trade policies directly and indirectly in order to push the ' Make in India ' industrial growth policy that seeks to make India a global manufacturing hub . Therefore , negotiations for improving the Korea - India CEPA are likely to be delayed and face various obstacles . 
 This study investigates relevant government bodies , institutions and policies on TBT ( Technical Barriers to Trade ) and SPS ( Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures ) in India . It also analyzes relevant specific trade concerns to TBT and SPS , and explores the effects of TBT and SPS on exports to India . 
 In Chapter 2 , this report examines government bodies and institutions related to TBT and SPS and also relevant articles and Mutual Recognition Agreements ( MRAs ) to the FTAs that India has already signed . India ' s standards and regulation systems are complex and poorly established , compared to those of advanced countries and hence India has continuously expanded its regulations and has established , revised and supplemented its systems . While most of the FTAs by India deals with TBT and SPS , the Japan - India CEPA and Singapore - India CECA are more detailed , compared to the Korea - India CEPA . On the other hand , India is not yet active to enforce MRAs . 
 Chapter 3 analyzes pending specific trade concerns ( STCs ) on India ' s TBT and SPS , and especially the STCs on Korea by reviewing WTO ' s TBT and SPS Committees and STCs from the various trade reports . Most TBT related STCs raised by India were raised by the EU and the US and automobile - related items were the most frequently discussed . Most countries that raised TBT and SPS against India were advanced countries including the US . The most controversial issues were the differences between India ' s standards and international standards . 
 In addition to the qualitative analysis , chapter 4 provides an empirical analysis of the effects of India ' s TBT and SPS measures on the exports to India of trading partners . 
 First , in case of the entire trading countries and industries , the results show that overall India ' s TBT measures had a positive effect on exports to India while SPS measures are not expected to have much influence . In other words , India ' s TBT measures have a positive effect on export through the provision of market information and increasing product reliability against expectations . 
 Secondly , when the industries are divided into agriculture and manufacturing , the estimates show that TBT has significant positive on exports to India in the manufacturing sector while SPS ' s effect is limited . Our empirical results are in line with previous studies . However , the results for SPS were still statistically insignificant . 
 Lastly , results of the effects of TBT and SPS on individual industries were disparate . TBT forms a trade barrier for processed primary goods , processed minerals , general machines , and electric machines , while rubber / chemicals and nonmetallic minerals that have high portions of intermediary goods and precision machinery and other manufacturing sectors that have high levels of capital goods gained positive impacts . In the case of SPS , exports of processed primary goods and the paper / lumber industry were expedited as a result of India ' s SPS measures while exports of the rubber / chemicals industry were blocked . 
 This study provides suggestions and policy implications . It is suggested that the creation of a new division exclusive to the TBT and SPS measures on the Agri - food sector , policies in response to the political industrial application of the TBT and SPS , and policies in response to the poor administration systems on the TBT and SPS are needed . Lastly , it is recommended that the Korean government seeks to conclude an MRA with India to invigorate economic cooperation , including merchandise trade , between the two countries . 
 Woong Lee ( Contact Author ) 
 Kyung Hee University - Department of International Trade and Business ( email ) 
 # 1 Hoeegi - dong Donedamun - Gu , 
 Econometric Modeling : Agriculture , Natural Resources & Environmental Economics eJournal 
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