" 돈 을 벌 기 위해서 머리 가 있 다면 돈 을 훌륭히 쓰 기 위해서 마음 이 있 다 . " - 앙드레 지드 André Gide " Gide " redirects here , for other people named Gide , see Gide ( disambiguation ) André Gide André Gide in 1893 Born : November 22 , 1869 ( 1869 - 11 - 22 ) ParisDied : February 19 , 1951 ( aged 81 ) ParisOccupation : Novelist , essayistInfluences : Dostoevsky , Fielding , du Gard , Nietzsche , WildeInfluenced : Rivière , Brian O ' NolanFrench literatureBy categoryFrench literary historyMedieval 16 th century - 17 th century 18 th century - 19 th century 20 th century - ContemporaryFrench WritersChronological listWriters by categoryNovelists - PlaywrightsPoets - EssayistsShort story writersFrance PortalLiterature PortalThis box : view • talk • editAndré Paul Guillaume Gide ( French IPA : [ ãd ʁ e pol gijom ʒ id ] ) ( November 22 , 1869 – February 19 , 1951 ) was a French author and winner of the Nobel Prize in literature in 1947 . Gide ' s career spanned from the symbolist movement to the advent of anticolonialism in between the two World Wars . Known for his fiction as well as his autobiographical works , Gide exposes to public view the conflict and eventual reconciliation between the two sides of his personality , split apart by a straightlaced education and a narrow social moralism . Gide ' s work can be seen as an investigation of freedom and empowerment in the face of moralistic and puritan constraints , and gravitates around his continuous effort to achieve intellectual honesty . His self - exploratory texts reflect his search of how to be fully oneself , even to the point of owning one ' s sexual nature , without at the same time betraying one ' s values . His political activity is informed by the same ethos , as suggested by his repudiation of communism after his 1936 voyage to the USSR . Contents [ hide ] 1 Early life 2 The middle years 3 Africa 4 Russia 5 The 1940 s 6 Partial list of works 7 References 8 See also 9 External links Early lifeGide was born in Paris , France on November 22 , 1869 . His father was a Paris University professor of law and died in 1880 . His uncle was the political economist Charles Gide . Gide was brought up in isolated conditions in Normandy and became a prolific writer at an early age , publishing his first novel , The Notebooks of Andre Walter ( French : Les Cahiers d ' André Walter ) , in 1891 . In 1893 and 1894 Gide traveled in northern Africa . He befriended Oscar Wilde in Algiers . [ edit ] The middle yearsIn 1895 , after his mother ' s death , he married his cousin Madeleine Rondeaux but the marriage remained unconsummated . In 1896 he was mayor of La Roque - Baignard , a commune in Normandy . In 1901 Gide rented the property Maderia in St . Brelade ' s Bay and lived here when he was residing in Jersey . This period 1901 - 7 is commonly seen as a period of apathy and disquiet in his life . In 1908 Gide helped found the literary magazine Nouvelle Revue Française ( The New French Review ) [ 1 ] . In 1916 Marc Allégret , 16 , became his lover . He was the son of Elie Allegret , best man at Gide ' s wedding . Of Allegret ' s five children , Andre Gide adopted Marc . The two eloped to London , in retribution for which his wife burned all his correspondence , " the best part of myself , " as he was later to comment . In 1918 he met Dorothy Bussy , who was his friend for over thirty years and who would translate many of his works into English . In the 1920 s Gide became an inspiration for writers like Albert Camus and Jean - Paul Sartre . In 1923 he published a book on Fyodor Dostoyevsky ; however , when he defended homosexuality in the public edition of Corydon ( 1924 ) he received widespread condemnation . He later considered this his most important work . In 1923 he conceived a daughter named Catherine with another woman , Elisabeth van Rysselberghe , daughter of his friend , the Belgian neo - impressionist painter Théo van Rysselberghe . His wife Madeleine died in 1938 . Later he used the background of his unconsummated marriage in his novel Et Nunc Manet in Te . After 1925 he began to demand more humane conditions for criminals . In 1926 he published an autobiography , If it die ( French : Si le grain ne meurt ) . [ edit ] AfricaFrom July 1926 to May 1927 , he travelled through the French Equatorial Africa colony with his lover Marc Allégret . He went successively to Middle Congo ( now the Republic of the Congo ) , Oubangui - Chari ( now the Central African Republic ) , briefly to Chad and then to Cameroun before returning to France . He related his peregrinations in a journal called Travels in the Congo ( French : Voyage au Congo ) and Return from Chad ( French : Retour du Tchad ) . In this published journal , he criticized the behavior of French business interests in the Congo and inspired reform . In particular , he strongly criticized the Large Concessions regime ( French : régime des Grandes Concessions ) , i . e . a regime according to which part of the colony was conceded to French companies and where these companies could exploit all of the area ' s natural resources , in particular rubber . He related for instance how natives were forced to leave their village during several weeks to collect rubber in the forest , and went as far as comparing their exploitation to slavery . The book had important influence on anti - colonialism movements in France and helped re - evaluate the impact of colonialism . [ 2 ] . [ edit ] RussiaDuring the 1930 s he briefly became a communist , but became disillusioned after his visit to Soviet Union . His criticism of communism caused him to lose many of his socialist friends , especially when he made a clean break with it in Retour de L ' U . R . S . S . in 1936 . He was also a contributor to The God That Failed . [ edit ] The 1940 sGide left France for Africa in 1942 and lived in Tunis until the end of World War II . In 1947 , he received the Nobel Prize in Literature . Gide died on February 19 , 1951 . The Roman Catholic Church placed his works on the Index of Forbidden Books in 1952 . [ 1 ] [ edit ] Partial list of worksLes cahiers d ' André Walter - 1891 Le traité du Narcisse - 1891 Les poésies d ' André Walter - 1892 Le voyage d ' Urien - 1893 La tentative amoureuse - 1893 Paludes - 1895 Réflexions sur quelques points de littérature - 1897 Les nourritures terrestres - 1897 Feuilles de route 1895 - 1896 - 1897 El HadjLe Prométhée mal enchaîné - 1899 Philoctète - 1899 Lettres à Angèle - 1900 De l ' influence en littérature - 1900 Le roi Candaule - 1901 Les limites de l ' art - 1901 L ' immoraliste - 1902 ( translated by Richard Howard as The Immoralist ) Saül - 1903 De l ' importance du public - 1903 Prétextes - 1903 Amyntas - 1906 Le retour de l ' enfant prodigue - 1907 Dostoïevsky d ' après sa correspondence - 1908 La porte étroite - 1909 ( translated as Strait Is the Gate ) Oscar Wilde - 1910 Nouveaux prétextes - 1911 Charles - Louis - Philippe - 1911 C . R . D . N . - 1911 Isabelle - 1911 Bethsabé - 1912 Souvenirs de la Cour d ' Assises - 1914 Les caves du Vatican - 1914 ( translated as Lafcadio ' s Adventures ) La symphonie pastorale - 1919 Corydon - 1920 Numquid et tu . . . ? - 1922 Dostoïevsky - 1923 Incidences - 1924 Caractères - 1925 Les faux - monnayeurs - 1925 ( translated as The Counterfeiters - 1927 ) Si le grain ne meurt - 1926 ( translated as If It Die ) Le journal des faux - monnayeurs - 1926 Dindiki - 1927 Voyage au Congo - 1927 Le retour de Tchad - 1928 L ' école des femmes - 1929 Essai sur Montaigne - 1929 Un esprit non prévenu - 1929 Robert - 1930 La séquestrée de Poitiers - 1930 L ' affaire Redureau - 1930 Œdipe - 1931 Perséphone - 1934 Les nouvelles nourritures - 1935 Geneviève - 1936 Retour de l ' U . R . S . S . - 1936 Retouches â mon retour de l ' U . R . S . S . - 1937 Notes sur Chopin - 1938 Journal 1889 - 1939 - 1939 Découvrons Henri Michaux - 1941 Thésée - 1946 Le retour - 1946 Paul Valéry - 1947 Le procès - 1947 L ' arbitraire - 1947 Eloges - 1948 Littérature engagée - 1950 [ edit ] ReferencesThis article needs additional references or sources for verification . Please help improve this article by adding reliable references . ( help , get involved ! ) Unverifiable material may be challenged and removed . This article has been tagged since February 2007 . ^ Nobel Prize Biography ^ Voyage au Congo suivi du Retour du Tchad , in Lire , July - August 1995 ( French ) [ edit ] See alsoColonialismHistorical pederastic couplesPedophilia and child sexual abuse in fiction [ edit ] External linksWikiquote has a collection of quotations related to : André GideWorks by André Gide at Project GutenbergCenter for Gidian StudiesAmis d ' André Gide in Frenchperiod newspaper articles on Gide interface in FrenchAlphabet SoupAndre Gidé , 1947 Nobel Laureate for LiteratureGide at Maderia in Jersey , 1901 - 7 앙드레 지드 ( Andre Paul Guillaume Gide ) 소설가 인물 정보 더 보 기 출생 - 사망 : 1869 년 11 월 22 일 ( 프랑스 ) - 1951 년 2 월 19 일 데뷔 : 1891 년 소설 ' 앙드레 발테르 의 수기 ' 수상 : 1947 년 노벨 문학상 경력 : 1927 년 세계 평화 회의 , 반 독재 운동 에 가담 1907 년 문예지 ' 누벨 르 뷔 프랑세즈 ' 창간