3 . N . N . Mamedova , N . A . Kotov , A . L . Rogach and J . Studer , Nano Lett . , 2001 , 1 , 281 ; A . R . Clapp , I . L . Medintz , J . M . Mauro , B . R . Fisher , M . G . Bawendi and H . Mattoussi , J . Am . Chem . Soc . , 2004 , 126 , 301 ; I . L . Medintz , S . A . Trammell , H . Mattoussi and J . M . Mauro , J . Am . Chem . Soc . , 2004 , 126 , 30 .