Murray Melvin

Murray Melvin (born 10 August 1932) is an English stage and film actor known for his work with Joan Littlewood, Ken Russell and Stanley Kubrick. He is the author of two books: The Art of Theatre Workshop (2006) and The Theatre Royal, A History of the Building (2009).

Early years
Melvin was born in London. The son of Hugh Victor Melvin and Maisie Winifred Driscoll, Melvin left his north London secondary school at the age of fourteen unable to master fractions but as head prefect, a qualification he says he gained by always having clean fingernails and well combed hair. He started work as an office boy for a firm of travel agents off Oxford Street.

To help channel the energies of the young after the disturbing times of the war, his parents had helped to found a youth club in Hampstead, financed by the Co-operative Society of which they were longstanding members. A drama section formed with Melvin its most enthusiastic member.

A short-lived job followed as an import and export clerk in a shipping office. He inadvertently exported quantities of goods to destinations that had not ordered them, followed by two unhappy years of National Service in the Royal Air Force (his father had served in the RAF during the Second World War).

He was employed as clerk and secretary to the director of the Royal Air Force sports board at the Air Ministry, then based at Adastral House in Kingsway. Knowing nothing about sport, he considered his clean fingernails, well combed hair and his father's service had done the trick.

At the Theatre Workshop
He attended evening classes at the nearby City Literary Institute and studied drama, mime and classical Ballet. During an extended lunch break from the Ministry, he applied to Joan Littlewood's Theatre Workshop company at the Theatre Royal Stratford East and auditioned on stage singing and dancing for Littlewood and Gerry Raffles. On being asked to create a character he knew from life he impersonated a rather rotund director of the sports board. Having ascertained that he had to return that afternoon to work for this character Littlewood said to Gerry Raffles: "the poor little bugger, we must get him away from there" – which they did.

In October 1957, he became an assistant stage manager, theatre painter and general dogsbody to John Bury, the set designer, and he was cast in his first professional role as the Queen's Messenger in the then in rehearsal production of Macbeth. From the Scottish Court to a building site, his next performance was as a bricklayer in You Won't Always Be On Top, soon followed by a peasant in And the Wind Blew, Bellie in Pirandello's Man Beast and Virtue, Calisto in De Rojas's Celestina; Young Jodi Maynard in Paul Green's Unto Such Glory (all 1957) and then came the last play of the 1957–58 season which was to be the start of an extraordinary year in the history of Theatre Workshop and Melvin's career. He was cast as Geoffrey in Shelagh Delaney's play, A Taste of Honey.
After the summer break in 1958, he played the title role in the seminal production of Brendan Behan's The Hostage. Both scripts had been transformed in rehearsals by Joan Littlewood's painstaking and inspired methods of getting to the truth of the text and building a lively poetic and dangerous theatrical event. Though both plays were to blow a refreshing wind through the British theatre, neither play transferred to the West End immediately, so Melvin stayed on to play Scrooge's nephew in Joan Littlewood's adaptation of A Christmas Carol (1958).

In February 1959, A Taste of Honey opened at the Wyndham's Theatre and transferred to the Criterion some six months later. It was the hit of the season. Melvin went on to play his role of Geoffrey in the film of A Taste of Honey, directed by Tony Richardson (1961), for which he won the Prix de Cannes as best actor at the festival in 1962. He was also nominated for the BAFTA "Most Promising Newcomer" award.

In April 1960, William Saroyan, on a world tour, stopped off in London where he wrote and directed a play for Theatre Workshop in which he cast Melvin as the leading character called Sam, the Highest Jumper of Them All. Then the troupe paid their annual visit to the Sarah Bernhardt Theatre for the Paris World Theatre Season with Ben Jonson's Every Man in his Humour in which he played Brainworm. Rehearsals then started for Stephen Lewis's Sparrers Can't Sing in which Melvin played the role of Knocker Jugg. The following year he transferred to the role Georgie Brimsdown for the film adaptation of the play. The film was directed by Joan Littlewood.

After a break of nearly two years, the company came together to create the musical, Oh, What a Lovely War! After its initial run at Stratford it went to the Paris Festival and won it. The company returned to the Wyndham's Theatre where the play won the Best Musical category in the Evening Standard Theatre Awards. Between the end of its London run and the opening at the Broadhurst Theatre in New York, the company visited the Edinburgh Festival with Shakespeare's Henry IV, Parts 1 and 2, in which Melvin metamorphosed as Gadshill, Shallow, Vernon and the Earl of March. The production of Oh, What a Lovely War! in New York in 1964 was his last for Joan Littlewood and the Theatre Workshop Company.

The production attracted the interest of filmmakers, including Ken Russell and Lewis Gilbert. Melvin became a member of what has often been called the Ken Russell Repertory Company, appearing in many of Russell's films, including The Devils and The Boy Friend. Lewis Gilbert cast Melvin in H.M.S. Defiant (1962), alongside Dirk Bogarde, and in Alfie (1966), where he played Michael Caine's work friend, stealing petrol and taking photographs to sell to tourists.

The Ken Russell connection
Melvin appeared in Russell's BBC television version of Diary of a Nobody, which was filmed at the Ealing Studios on a specially built 'silent film' set. Alongside Melvin, who played the errant son, Lupin, were other actors from Joan Littlewood's Theatre Workshop, including Bryan Pringle and Brian Murphy, who also became Russell regulars. Lupin's girlfriend in the film is played by Vivian Pickles, whose performance at the Royal Court Theatre in John Osborne's Plays for England had attracted national attention.

Melvin was seen in a cameo in the final scenes of Isadora Duncan, the Biggest Dancer in the World (1966), Ken Russell's film of Isadora Duncan , which starred Vivian Pickles as the great American dancer. 
Melvin's best known role for Ken Russell was as Father Mignon in  The Devils (1971). Mignon is the catalyst to the true-life horrors documented in the film. His appointment to the convent of Loudon, whose leading members were expecting Father Grandier (played by Oliver Reed), causes the nun's demonic condemnation of Grandier to spiral out of control.

After the film, Melvin directed two works by The Devils composer, Peter Maxwell Davies: the theatre piece Miss Donnithorne's Maggot and the opera The Martyrdom of St Magnus. Further work with Davies followed. He was the speaker in a production of Davies's Missa super l'homme armé and he played the Virgin in the premiere production of Davies's Notre Dame des Fleurs.

In Russell's The Boy Friend (1971), Melvin and another Theatre Workshop alumni, Brian Murphy, are among the company players trying to catch the eye of a Hollywood producer who watches their provincial performance of Sandy Wilson's The Boy Friend. In the film, Melvin has a spectacular solo dance number in a caped French officer's outfit. He again had a cameo as Hector Berlioz in Ken Russell's Lisztomania (1975), as a test-run to a film about Berlioz which Russell was preparing.

He appeared in Russell's film about the poet, Samuel Coleridge, The Rime of the Ancient Mariner (1978).

Returning with the French theme, Melvin played an enthusiastic French lawyer in Prisoner of Honour (1991), Ken Russell's film about the French Dreyfus Affair.

Melvin remained a lifelong friend of Ken Russell, and was often seen with Russell at festival screening of the director's films. At the Barbican screening of the director's cut of The Devils, 1 May 2011, Melvin and Ken Russell arrived together, with Melvin pushing Ken Russell's wheelchair.

Other film performances
Melvin had an important role as Reverend Samuel Runt in Stanley Kubrick's Barry Lyndon (1975). In the video project "Stanley and Us", he talks about Kubrick's "57 takes (plus 20)".

He was reunited with his co-stars from the film version of A Taste of Honey, Rita Tushingham and Paul Danquah, in the swinging sixties comedy Smashing Time (1967), in which he and Danquah had cameo roles. 

He co starred with Russell regular Oliver Reed in Richard Fleischer's film of The Prince and the Pauper, Crossed Swords (1977), and in Alberto Lattuada's four part television film Christopher Columbus (1985).

Peter Medak cast Melvin in five films: A Day in the Death of Joe Egg (1972), starring Alan Bates; Ghost in the Noonday Sun (1973, starring Peter Sellers); The Krays (1990); Let Him Have It (1991); and as Dr. Chilip in David Copperfield (2000).

He has featured in two films by Christine Edzard, Little Dorrit (1988), and As You Like It (1992). As Monsieur Reyer, the musical director and conductor of the Opera Populaire, he was cast in Joel Schumacher's film adaptation of the musical The Phantom of the Opera (2004).

Murray Melvin won Best Actor at the Cannes Film Festival (1962) for "A Taste of Honey" and was nominated Most Promising Newcomer Lead Film Roles at the BAFTA Awards (1962) also for "A Taste of Honey".

Television performances
He appeared in the very first episode of the television series The Avengers in 1960.

He played the Dauphin in Shaw's St. Joan, directed in 1966 by Waris Hussein. He played Bertold in a Theatre 625 production of Pirandello's Henry IV (1967) directed by Michael Hayes; Don Pietro in Peter Hammond's TV series based on The Little World of Don Camillo; and The Hermit in Mai Zetterling's production of William Tell. He also appeared in The Adventures of Don Quixote (1973) as the Barber in the BBC television film directed by Alvin Rakoff and starring Rex Harrison.

Melvin starred in The Tyrant King (1968), the six-part children's television series directed by Mike Hodges. He played a crucial role in the last two episodes of The Flaxton Boys (1973), where he plays the upper-class twit character Gerald Meder. In 1994, Melvin supplied the voice of the villain Lucius on the British children's animated TV series Oscar's Orchestra for the BBC and France 3. Melvin  appeared in a Christmas Special episode of the BBC's Jonathan Creek called "The Black Canary" (1998) 
 
In 2007 he appeared as the sinister Bilis Manger in the Doctor Who spinoff Torchwood, a role he has been reprising for Big Finish Productions since 2017. In July 2011 Melvin played the Professor in a short comedy/drama called The Grey Mile, a story about two ex-master criminals who are now confined to a care home.

Other work
Melvin was a founder member of the Actors' Centre and was its chairman for four years during which time he started a centre in Manchester in honour of Joan Littlewood and the Theatre Workshop.

As a theatre director, he has worked across all genres including opera, recital, drama and comedy. He directed the first productions of three of Graeme Garden's perennially popular pantomimes.

In 1991, thirty four years after first making the tea and sweeping the stage at the Theatre Royal, he was invited to become a member of the board of the theatre, a position he held until 2011. It is partly in this role that he is becoming widely known as a learned and popular theatre and film historian — he can be seen and heard, for example, on the BFI DVD release of the Bill Douglas Trilogy.

In 1992, he became the Theatre Royal's voluntary archivist and in 2009 he was appointed a member of the Theatre Workshop Trust. He led the successful campaign to erect a statue of Joan Littlewood in Theatre Square at Stratford.

On 18 July 2013, he was awarded an honorary degree of Doctor of Arts by De Montfort University and in July 2015 he was awarded an honorary degree by the University of Essex. In September 2016 he received an Honorary Fellowship from the Rose Bruford College

Several commercial available audio recordings have been made featuring Murray Melvin. These include four plays on LPs produced by Caedmon Records (Two Gentlemen of Verona (1965); A Midsummer Night's Dream; Bernard Shaw's St. Joan (1966); The Poetry of Kipling). His performance in Oh, What a Lovely War is available on Decca Records (1969).

In 2007, he narrated Tales of the Supernatural Volume 3 by M. R. James for Fantom Films. This was followed in 2009 by M.R. James - A Ghost Story for Christmas, and in 2011 and 2012 by two recordings of Wilkie Collins: Supernatural Stories, Volumes 2 & 3 and The Dark Shadows Legend :The Happier Dead.

Selected filmography

 The Criminal (1960) - Antlers
 Suspect (1960) - Teddy Boy
 A Taste of Honey (1961) - Geoffrey Ingham
 Petticoat Pirates (1961) - Kenneth
 Solo for Sparrow (1962) - Larkin
 H.M.S. Defiant (1962) - Wagstaffe
 Sparrows Can't Sing (1963) - Georgie
 The Ceremony (1963) - First Gendaime
 Alfie (1966) - Nat
 Kaleidoscope (1966) - Aimes
 Smashing Time (1967) - 1st Exquisite
 The Fixer (1968) - Priest
 Start the Revolution Without Me (1970) - Blind Man
 The Devils (1971) - Mignon
 The Boy Friend (1971) - Alphonse
 A Day in the Death of Joe Egg (1972) - Doctor
 Gawain and the Green Knight (1973) - Seneschal
 Ghost in the Noonday Sun (1973) - Hamidos
 Ghost Story (1974) - Mc Fayden
 Lisztomania (1975) - Hector Berlioz
 Barry Lyndon (1975) - Rev. Samuel Runt
 Shout at the Devil (1976) - Lt. Phipps
 The Bawdy Adventures of Tom Jones (1976) - Blifil
 The Ballad of Salomon Pavey (1977)
 Gulliver's Travels (1977) - (voice)
 Joseph Andrews (1977) - Beau Didapper
 The Prince and the Pauper (1977) - Prince's Dresser
 Stories from a Flying Trunk (1979) - Hans Christian Andersen
 Nutcracker (1982) - Leopold
 Sacred Hearts (1985) - Father Power
 Christopher Columbus (1985) - Father Linares
 Comrades (1986) - Clerk
 Funny Boy (1987) - Arthur
 Little Dorrit (1988) - Dancing Master
 Testimony (1988) - The Film Editor
 Slipstream (1989) - Man on Stairs
 The Krays (1990) - Newsagent
 The Fool (1990) - Jeremy Ruttle
 Let Him Have It (1991) - Secondary School Teacher
 Prisoner of Honour (1991) - Bertillon
 As You Like It (1992) - Sir Oliver Martext
 Princess Caraboo (1994) - Lord Motley
 England, My England (1995) - Anthony Ashley Cooper, Earl of Shaftesbury
 Alice in Wonderland (1999) - Chief Executioner
 The Emperor's New Clothes (2001) - Antommarchi
 The Phantom of the Opera (2004) - Reyer
 The Grey Mile (2012) - Professor Worth
 The Lost City of Z (2016) - Lord James Bernard

Selected theatre performances (as an actor)

 Queen's Messenger in Shakespeare's Macbeth (1957).
 Calisto in De Roja's La Celestina (1958).
 Jodie in Paul Green's Unto Such Glory (1958).
 Scrooge's Nephew in Dickens' A Christmas Carol (1958).
 Geoffrey in Shelagh Delaney's A Taste of Honey (1958).
 Leslie in Brendan Behan's The Hostage (1958).
 Sam in William Saroyan's Sam, The Highest Jumper of Them All.
 Brainworm in Ben Johnson's Every Man in His Humour (1960).
 Gadshill, Shallow, Earl of March & Vernon in Shakespeare's Henry IV (Pts 1 & 2) (1960).
 Knocker in Stephen Lewis's Sparrers Can't Sing (1960).
 Theatre Workshop's Company musical Oh, What a Lovely War (1963).
 Waterhouse and Hall's revue England Our England, (1963). With music by Dudley Moore.
 Adolphus in Bernard Shaw's Trifles and Tomfooleries (1967), Mermaid Theatre, London.
 The Boy in Arthur Kopit's Oh Dad. Poor Dad (1965), Piccadilly Theatre, London.
 Bouzin in Georges Feydeau's Cat Among the Pigeons (adapted by John Mortimer), (1969), Prince of Wales Theatre, London.
 Dufausset in Georges Feydeau's The Pig in a Poke.
 Gilbert in Willis Hall's Kidnapped at Christmas, (1975).
 Dorset in Rosemary Anne Sisson's The Dark Horse (1978), The Comedy Theatre, London.
 Arthur Deakin in Ridley's The Ghost Train.
 The Dauphin in Bernard Shaw's Saint Joan
 Charlie Boy in Iain Blair's Mulligan's Last Case.
 Etienne in Georges Feydeau's French Dressing
 The Spirits of Christmas in Musgrave's Opera A Christmas Carol.
 Ko-Ko in Gilbert & Sullivan's The Mikado.
 Fiddler in Henry Living's Don't Touch Him He Might Resent It.
 Backbite in Sheridan's A School For Scandal.
 Ephraim Smooth in O'Keefe's Wild Oats.
 Jacopone in Peter Barnes's Sunsets and Glories, 1990.
 Anton Zagorestky in Griboyedov/Anthony Burgess' Chatsky (or The Importance of Being Stupid), 1993.
 Konrad in Ludwig Holberg/Kenneth McLeish's Jeppe of the Hill (1994).
 Father Domingo in Schiller's Don Carlos.
 Ratty in Willis Hall's Musical version of The Wind In The Willows.
 Hopkins in Patrick Prior's The Lodger.
 Oliver Nashwick in Rodney Ackland's After October (1997), Chichester Festival Theatre.
 The Priest in Schiller's The Robbers (1998), King's Theatre, Edinburgh.
 Coupler in John Vanburgh's The Relapse (1998) at Glasgow's Citizens Theatre and Lyceum Edinburgh.
 Don Perlimpin in Lorca's The Love of Don Perlimplín and Belisa in the Garden.
 Burrus in Racine's Brittanicus at Glasgow Citizens Theatre.
 Cool in Boucicault's London Assurance.
 Tireseas and Chorus in Seamus Heaney's The Burial at Thebes (Antigone), 2008.

Selected music theatre performances

 The Narrator, Walton's Facade.
 The Narrator, The Poetry And Songs of Leo Aylen
 The Narrator, Geoffrey King's King Arthur's Dream
 The Devil, Stravinsky's The Soldiers Tale.
 The Narrator, Stravinsky's The Soldiers Tale.
 The Performer, Maxwell Davies's Missa super l'homme armé.
 The Virgin, Maxwell Davies's Notre Dame Des Fleur.
 Da Ponte Rennison & Melvins Roses and Laurels.

Selected theatre and opera performances as a director 

 Miss Donnithorne's Magot (1976), written by Maxwell Davies.
 The Martydom of St. Magnus (1977) by Maxwell Davies
 The Raft of the Medusa (1977), oratorio by Hans Henze
 The Mime of Nick, Mick and the Maggies (1978) by John Buller
 Cinderella (1979) by Dudley Sutton
 Aladdin (1980) by Dudley Sutton
 Quack Quack (Le Médecin malgré lui, 1980) at Chipping Norton Theatre by Dudley Sutton
 The Sleeping Beauty (1984) by Graeme Garden at the New Shaw Theatre, London
 Don't Touch Him, He Might Resent It (The Government Inspector, 1982) by Henry Livings
 Jack The Giant Killer (1985) by Graeme Garden
 Puss in Boots (1986) by Graeme Garden.
 Recital 1 (sung by Mary Thomas) by Luciano Berio
 Adventures of Huckleberry Finn (1987), adapted by Matthew Waterhouse (Chipping Norton and UK Tour)
 Sinbad The Sailor (1987) by Jeff Clarke
 Brotherly Love (1988) by David and Clive Swift
 Sweet Liberty by Jeff Clarke

Selected television performances

 Salesman in Small Fish Are Sweet (1959) Dir. Alan Clarke
 Lupin in The Diary of a Nobody (1964) Dir. Ken Russell
 The Dauphin in St. Joan (Shaw) Dir. Waris Hussein
 Turgis in Angel Pavement (J.B. Priestley ) Dir. Paddy Russell
 The Teddy Boy in Paradise Street Series Dir. Shaun Sutton
 The Reporter in Isadora Duncan (1966) Dir. Ken Russell
 Bertold in Henry IV (Pirandello, 1967) Dir. Michael Hayes
 Thumb in The Memorandum (Václav Havel, 1967) Dir. James Firman
 Hoopdriver in The Wheels of Chance (H. G. Wells) Dir. Christopher Burstell, from a treatment by Ken Russell
 Robert Lovell in The Rime Of The Ancient Mariner Dir. Ken Russell
 Nathaniel Giles in The Ballad Of Salomon Pavey (Taylor, 1977) Dir. Richard Bramall
 Don Pietro in The Little World Of Dom Camillo Dir. Peter Drummond
 The Devil in The Soldier's Tale (Stravinsky) Dir. Peter Adam
 Spirits of Christmas in A Christmas Carol (Thea Musgrave) Dir. Michael Rennison
 Jack Spratt in Bulman Dir. Charlie Nairn
 The Hermit in William Tell (1992) Dir. Mai Zetterling
 Ignatius in T. Bag And The Sunstones Of Montezuma (episode, "One Million Years B.C.") Dir. Glyn Edwards
 The Clerk in Doomsday Gun (HBO, 1994) Dir. Robert Young
 Roger Parry in Cone Zones (episode, "One For The Money", 1985) Dir. Neville Green
 Lord Shaftesbury in England, My England. Dir. Tony Palmer
 Lucius in Oscar's Orchestra (animation) Dir. Tony Collingwood
 The Architect in The Village. (Jim Cartwright) Dir. Sara Sugarman
 Delamere in Bugs Dir. Matthew Evans
 Lionel in Jonathan Creek Dir. Sandy Johnson
 Caravaggio in Star Hunter Series Dir. Dan d'Or
 Da Ponte in The Genius Of Mozart Dir. Andy King-Dobbs
 King of the Knight in Tom's Christmas Tree (2006) Dir. Robert Worley
 Librarian in The Village (Hezibah) Dir. Robert Sigl
 Bilis Manger in Torchwood (2006) Dir. Ashley Way
 T.K.Max Christmas Advert 2018 - 'The never-ending stocking'

Recognition
 Honorary Doctorate of Arts. De Montford University 18 July 2013
 Honorary Degree. University of Essex 17 July 2015
 Honorary Fellowship. Rose Bruford College 16 September 2016

References
The Avengers Episode 1 https://YouTube.com/wWBvYOpR7BM

Bibliography
 The Art of the Theatre Workshop, compiled and introduced by Murray Melvin (2006)
 The Theatre Royal. A History of the Building, Murray Melvin (2009)
 The Authorised Biography of Ken Russell, Vol 1. Becoming Ken Russell, Paul Sutton (2012).

External links
 

Category:1932 births
Category:English male film actors
Category:English male stage actors
Category:Living people
Category:Male actors from London
Category:20th-century English male actors
Category:21st-century English male actors
Category:Royal Air Force airmen
Category:Cannes Film Festival Award for Best Actor winners