Jahrom

Jahrom (, also known as Jahrūm) is a city and capital of Jahrom County, Fars Province, Iran.  At the 2016 census, its population was 141,634. Jahrom is the biggest city in the southern half of Fars Province, the third biggest city in whole province and 67th biggest city of Iran.

Jahrom is located  southeast of Shiraz, the capital of Fars Province. The majority of people in Jahrom are Persians and Shia Muslims. Many tropical and sub-tropical plants are grown in Jahrom (i.e. palm date, citrus, and wheat). 

Jahrom, with several universities, hospitals and medical centers, is one of the academic and medical centers of the south of Iran. Jahrom has two industrial towns, a special economic zone, a special governorate, a dry port, a petrochemical plant, an airport, an IRIB center, customs and a combined cycle power plant. Jahrom Municipality is the second largest municipality in Fars province in terms of history of establishment and degree of municipality after Shiraz.

Name
Based on Ahmad Kasravi, the late Iranian historians and philologist, the name Jahrom can be analyzed to render a "warm-place". But a more satisfactory etymology interprets the name as a "green-place".

History

Jahrom's history goes back some 2500 years when the Achaemenids established the Persian Empire. The establishment of the city is attributed to Artaxerxes I of Persia. The Sassanid monument of Qadamgāh is located to the south-east of the city 190 km from Shiraz, experts believe the monument was constructed during the late Sasanian dynastic era (224-651 AD), and it was a Zoroastrian shrine, probably a fire temple. The monument was registered in Iran's National Heritage list in 1956 but sadly the site in danger as the result of unprofessional restorations. Jahrom is the birthplace of Barbod, who became the main lyricist and musician in the court of the great Sassanid king Khosrau II (Parviz).

Jahrom had an important role in the Islamic revolution of Iran and was one of the 11 cities with Martial law in pre-revolution protests. Seyyed Hossein ayatollahi was the Islamic leader of Jahrom in that period.

Climate
In a 24-years period research, it is expressed that the coldest month is January with 10.42 °C average temperature and the hottest month is July with 33.16 °C average temperature. yearly average temperature is 21.78 °C. Jahrom has 260mm average rainfall in year.

Demographics

Population
, Jahrom has a population of 141,634.

Ethnics
The main ethnic group in Jahrom constitutes of Persians (including the Basseri), while Turks, Lurs, and Arabs constitute minorities who have usually nomadic life or descent.
 Due to the geographical characteristics of Jahrom, specially good Rangeland for nomads, Jahrom has long been a residing area for these nomadic peoples.

Religion
The majority of city are Shia Muslims, but there is also a small Immigrant Sunni minority in the city.

Economic

Jahrom's economic is based on agriculture. there are 350,000 palm trees and 5.3 million citrus trees in Jahrom which makes Jahrom an agricultural pole in Iran.

Jahrom also has several factories including flour, dairy, brick, rug, plaster, plastic, jam, lemon juice, macaroni and cake factory.

Infrastructures
Jahrom combined cycle power plant
Jahrom Petrochemistry
Jahrom especial economic zone
Jahrom economic town
Kosar economic town

Education

Colleges and universities

universities in city include:
Jahrom university
Jahrom University of Medical Sciences 
Islamic Azad University of Jahrom
Pyame Noor university of Jahromv
Andisheh University
University of Applied Science and Technology Agriculture branch

Health

Hospitals
Peymanieh hospital
Motahhari hospital
Seyyedoshshohada hospital
Aboutalebi heart hospital

Health houses
Jahrom has 65 health houses.

Transport and communications

Communication roads
The most important roads in Jahrom are:
Jahrom-Shiraz highway 
Jahrom-Lar under construction highway
Jahrom-Fasa road
Jahrom-Ghir road
Jahrom-Khavaran-Sarvestan road
Jahrom-Hakan road
Jahrom-Simakan-Meymand road

Airport

Jahrom Airport, established in 1969, has weekly flights to Tehran Mehrabad Airport and Mashhad Airport.

Railway
There is an under construction railway project Connecting Shiraz to Bandar abbas which will have a station in Jahrom.

Bus terminal
Shahid Rahmanian is the only bus terminal in Jahrom with daily buses to Shiraz, Tehran, Bandar abbas, etc.

Notable Jahromis
 Barbad, one of the first musicians in the world
Mohammad-Javad Azari Jahromi, Iranian Minister of Information and Communications Technology
Mohammad Jahromi, former Iranian minister of labour and social affairs
Ali Mohammad Besharati, former Iranian Minister of Interior 
Mehdi Shabzendedar Jahromi, Iranian Shia jurist and member of the Guardian Council
Seyyed Hossein ayatollahi, Shiite clergyman and Ruhollah Khomeini's Representative in jahrom. 
Abd al-Husayn Lari, clergymen and jurists of South Iran
Lotfollah Dezhkam, Ayatollah, Friday leading prayer of Shiraz and Representative of Guardian of the Islamic Jurist in Fars province
Mohammadreza Rezaei Kouchi, Representative of Iranian parliament and head of the civil commission of the parliament
Mirza Nasir Jahromi, Iranian architect and poet
Jahan, Persian singer
Sadroddin Zahed, Iranian director, actor and translator
Ali-Mohammad Khademi, former general manager of Iran Air
Ali Torab Jahromi, Iranian poet

References

External links

Jahrom.org
jict.org

Category:Populated places in Jahrom County
Category:Cities in Fars Province