Richard Alexander (exonerated convict)

Richard Alexander is an Indiana man wrongfully convicted of rape and later exonerated by DNA evidence.

Arrest and conviction 
In 1996 a suspected serial rapist dubbed by local media the "River Park Rapist" preyed on female residents of South Bend, Indiana. Police arrested Richard Alexander (then 30 years old) in August 1996 for four of the rapes, largely on the basis of the statements of the victims.

DNA evidence definitively excluded him as a suspect in one of the rapes, although both the victim and her fiancé continued to insist that Alexander was the perpetrator. Not all of the investigators were convinced of his guilt, particularly as three similar rapes occurred while Alexander was in police custody. In the case of one of the rapes that took place while he was in custody, Alexander's picture was accidentally placed in a photo-lineup shown to the victim. She selected his photograph as that of her assailant, despite his incarceration at the time of the offense.

Nevertheless, Alexander was prosecuted for the three rapes, with charges totaling two counts of robbery, two counts of criminal deviate conduct, two counts of attempted rape, confinement, attempted robbery, rape, burglary and auto theft. His 1997 trial ended in a hung jury, with two of the three black jurors voting with the nine white jurors for conviction. He was re-tried for the crimes in 1998 by an all-white jury. At the second trial, one of the victims, though identifying Alexander as her assailant, asserted that he had a hairless chest without tattoos. When it was demonstrated that Alexander had a hairy, heavily tattooed chest, he was acquitted of that rape. Nevertheless, he was convicted of the other two and was sentenced to seventy years in prison.

Exoneration 
In 2001, with Alexander already having served five years in prison, an alleged burglar and child molester named Michael Murphy confessed to one of the two rapes of which Alexander had been convicted, knowing details only the true assailant would know. With this revelation, a judge ordered a new round of DNA testing in Alexander's case. Hairs found at the scene of the rape were submitted to mitochondrial DNA testing. At the time of Alexander's original conviction, such testing was not available in the state of Indiana. The tests proved that the DNA did not match Alexander's profile, but did match Murphy's.

Because of this new development, Indiana prosecutors came to believe that Alexander was in fact not responsible for any of the rapes. In the remaining rape for which he was incarcerated, the evidence against him consisted of the victim's tentative identification of his voice and an eyewitness's visual identification of Alexander. The Indiana prosecutor and Alexander's defense attorney filed a joint motion to have Alexander's convictions overturned.

The courts granted the motion, and Alexander was exonerated of all charges and released from prison on December 12, 2001. It is now believed that the River Park Rapist was actually two separate perpetrators.

Lawsuit 
On June 4, 2002, Richard Alexander filed a federal suit against the city of South Bend, its police department and 14 of its officers, including Sgt. Cindy Eastman, an officer instrumental in securing Alexander's release. His lawyer, Roseann P. Ivanovich, said she expected to ask for about $55 million in damages ($10 million for every year spent in prison). Among the allegations in the 48-page lawsuit:

 Police showed photos of Alexander to rape victims who said they had not seen enough of their attackers' faces for a positive identification.
 Police coerced or constructed the identifications of Alexander that were used at his trial.
 Police destroyed evidence and ignored Alexander's alibis.

The civil rights lawsuit was eventually dismissed by the United States district court, a decision which Alexander appealed. But on January 3, 2006, the Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit upheld the district court's dismissal of Alexander's lawsuit. The court stated that Alexander had not proven his rights were violated during the trial which yielded his wrongful conviction.

Subsequent legal troubles 
On May 22, 2007, Alexander pleaded guilty to one count of battery for having beaten a former girlfriend with a lead pipe in 2005. As part of his plea bargain, a second count of battery was dismissed.

On June 14, 2007, Alexander was sentenced to eight years in prison, with two years suspended.

Trivia 
 Alexander's case was made into an episode of the Court TV series Forensic Files.
 Alexander's name was invoked by Senator Patrick Leahy (D-Vermont) in a floor statement in support of the Innocence Protection Act.

See also 
 List of wrongful convictions in the United States

References 

Category:Place of birth missing (living people)
Category:Year of birth missing (living people)
Category:Living people
Category:People from South Bend, Indiana
Category:Overturned convictions in the United States
Category:People wrongfully convicted of rape
Category:Crime in Indiana