Saxophone Concerto (Glazunov)

The Concerto in E flat major for alto saxophone and string orchestra, Op. 109, was written by Alexander Glazunov in 1934. The piece lasts about fourteen minutes and is played without pause. It is deeply rooted in Romanticism, and has entered the standard saxophone repertoire.

History
Although invented in the early 1840s, the saxophone was still fairly new and unfamiliar in Glazunov's day; it remained untouched for a long time as it was considered "middle class". However, Glazunov was enthralled by the sound of the saxophone: a new timbre in the musical world.

The work premiered in Nyköping, Sweden, on 25 November 1934, with Sigurd Raschèr, a famous German saxophonist, as soloist. It is Raschèr who is credited for bringing about the concerto's composition. He hounded Glazunov for a saxophone concerto, so much so that the composer wrote to a colleague that he had started the piece in March "under the influences of attacks rather than requests from the Danish (sic) saxophonist named Sigurd Rascher". He completed the work in June 1934. According to French saxophonist Marcel Mule, Glazounov had a reading of the piece with him prior to its publication, the composer playing the piano part.

Glazunov almost certainly never heard his Saxophone Concerto publicly performed, as the first Paris performance of the work did not occur until after his death.  He made no mention in his letters of any collaboration with another composer on the concerto. However, in 1936, the publishing company made an addition to the piano reduction: they added A. Petiot as a second composer, probably for copyright purpose as it was common for Soviet Union artists.

Structure
This is the structural breakdown according to Glazunov himself, taken from a letter he wrote to Maximilian Steinberg:
		
 Exposition: Allegro Moderato, in 4/4, ending in G minor
 Development (brief)
 Transition: Andante (C flat major; sometimes B major), in 3/4, leading into a small cadenza 
 Conclusion: Fugato (C minor), in 12/8

Above forms occur again before leading to the coda (E flat major).

Recordings
Some well-known saxophonists have made recordings of this piece, including 
John-Edward Kelly,
Arno Bornkamp,
Gary Louie 
Joe Lulloff,
Christopher Creviston, 
Jean-Yves Fourmeau, 
Lawrence Gwozdz, 
John Harle, 
Theodore Kerkezos, 
Robert Eason,
Karel Krautgartner, 
Jean-Marie Londeix, 
Marcel Mule, 
Kenneth Radnofsky, and
Eugene Rousseau.

External links

References

Category:Compositions by Alexander Glazunov
Glazunov
Category:1934 compositions
Category:Compositions in E-flat major