Albright–Knox Art Gallery

The Albright–Knox Art Gallery is an art museum located at 1285 Elmwood Avenue, Buffalo, New York, in Delaware Park. The Albright-Knox's Elmwood Avenue campus is temporarily closed for construction. It is currently hosting exhibitions and events at Albright-Knox Northland, a project space located at 612 Northland Avenue in Buffalo’s Northland Corridor. The new Buffalo AKG Art Museum is expected to open in 2022.

The gallery is a major showplace for modern art and contemporary art. It is located directly opposite Buffalo State College and the Burchfield Penney Art Center.

History

The parent organization of the Albright–Knox Art Gallery is the Buffalo Fine Arts Academy, founded in 1862, one of the oldest public arts institutions in the United States. On January 15, 1900, Buffalo entrepreneur and philanthropist John J. Albright, a wealthy Buffalo industrialist, donated funds to the Academy to begin construction of an art gallery. The building was designed by prominent local architect Edward Brodhead Green. It was originally intended to be used as the Fine Arts Pavilion for the Pan-American Exposition in 1901, but delays in its construction caused it to remain uncompleted until 1905. When it finally opened its doors on May 31, 1905, it was named the Albright Art Gallery.

Clifton Hall, the third building on the museum's campus, was constructed in 1920 as the Buffalo Society of Natural Sciences. Today, Clifton Hall houses the F. Paul Norton and Frederic P. Norton Family Prints And Drawings Study Center, the AK Innovation Lab, working spaces for the Public Art Initiative, and staff offices.

In 1962, a new addition was made to the gallery through the contributions of Seymour H. Knox, Jr. and his family, and many other donors. At this time the museum was renamed the Albright–Knox Art Gallery. The new building was designed by Skidmore, Owings and Merrill architect Gordon Bunshaft, who is noted for the Lever House in New York City. The Albright–Knox Art Gallery is listed in the National Register of Historic Places.

The museum first began discussing a possible expansion in 2001. In 2012, the board commissioned the architectural firm Snøhetta to produce a master plan for future growth. In 2014, the board voted to initiate a museum expansion and, in June 2016, the museum announced its selection of OMA as the architect for the project. Doubleline CEO and Buffalo native Jeffrey Gundlach has pledged $42.5 million to the project, while businesses, foundations, government groups, and individuals have promised matching funds toward a $125 million goal.

Exhibitions
In 1978, the Gallery's exhibition on the work of Richard Diebenkorn was chosen to represent the United States at the 28th Venice Biennale. In 1988, the museum again won the competition to organize the exhibition representing the United States in Venice; the museum's curator Michael G. Auping proposed media artist Jenny Holzer.

Collection

The Albright–Knox Art Gallery has long operated not by collecting artists' work in depth but by trying to acquire key works.  The gallery's collection includes several pieces spanning art throughout the centuries. Impressionistic and Post-Impressionistic styles can be found in works by artists of the nineteenth century such as Paul Gauguin and Vincent van Gogh.

Revolutionary styles from the early twentieth century such as cubism, surrealism, constructivism are represented in works by artists like Pablo Picasso, Georges Braque, Jean Metzinger, Albert Gleizes, Henri Matisse, André Derain, Joan Miró, Piet Mondrian, and Alexander Rodchenko. Frida Kahlo is represented by Self-Portrait with Monkey. Because of Seymour H. Knox and Gordon M. Smith, a former director, the Albright-Knox was one of the first museums to collect Abstract Expressionism in depth.

More modern pieces showing styles of abstract expressionism, pop art, and art of the 1970s through the end of the century can also be found represented by artists such as Arshile Gorky, Jackson Pollock, Clyfford Still, and Andy Warhol. Additionally, the gallery is also rich in various pieces of post-war American and European art; their contemporary collection includes pieces by artists such as Kiki Smith, Allan Graham, Georg Baselitz, John Connell, and Per Kirkeby. The museum bought Anselm Kiefer's large-scale Die Milchstrasse (The Milkyway) (1985–87) in 1988 to celebrate its 125th anniversary.

The Albright-Knox's current exhibition space can accommodate only 200 works — just 3% of its 6,740-piece collection.

Selected collection highlights

Paintings

The Albright-Knox has more than 6,500 works in its collection, below is a list highlighting a few other notable paintings:

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="margin:1px; border:1px solid #ccc;"
|-  style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center; background:#ccc;"
|Name
|Artist
|Year
|Notes
|-  style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center; background:#f8f8ff;"
| Hotel Lobby || Max Beckmann || 1950 || 
|-  style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center; background:#f8f8ff;"
| Music and Literature || William Michael Harnett || 1878 || 
|-  style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center; background:#f8f8ff;"
| La Maison de la Crau (The Old Mill) || Vincent Van Gogh || 1888 || 
|-  style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center; background:#f8f8ff;"
| La Jeune bonne (The Servant Girl) || Amedeo Modigliani || 1918 ||
|-  style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center; background:#f8f8ff;"
| Self-Portrait with Monkey || Frida Kahlo || 1938 ||  
|-  style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center; background:#f8f8ff;"
| Nude Figure || Pablo Picasso || 1909-1910 ||  
|-  style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center; background:#f8f8ff;"
| La Toilette || Pablo Picasso || 1906 || 
|-  style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center; background:#f8f8ff;"
| Chemin de haulage à argenteuil (tow path at argenteus) || Claude Monet || 1875 ||
|-  style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center; background:#f8f8ff;"
| Convergence || Jackson Pollock || 1952 ||
|-  style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center; background:#f8f8ff;"
| Orange and Yellow || Mark Rothko || 1956 || 
|-  style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center; background:#f8f8ff;"
| Cow || Andy Warhol || 1976 || 
|}

Sculptures
The gallery contains a variety of sculptures on the exterior grounds. Some of the most notable, from the past and the present, include:

Deaccessioning and the Albright-Knox's mission

In 2007, the Albright–Knox Art Gallery deaccessioned a Roman-era bronze sculpture, Artemis and the Stag, that was auctioned at Sotheby's New York on June 7, 2007, and brought $28.6 million. This was the highest price ever paid at auction for an antiquity or a sculpture of any period, according to Sotheby's. It was purchased by the London dealer Giuseppe Eskenazi on behalf of a private European collector.

The event brought national attention to what until then had been a local question, the mission of the Albright-Knox. In February 2007, when the list of works to be deaccessioned was made public, Albright-Knox Director Louis Grachos defined the ancient sculpture as falling outside the institution's historical "core mission" of "acquiring and exhibiting art of the present." This definition made public critics wonder whether the position at the Gallery of "William Hogarth's Lady's Last Stake or Sir Joshua Reynolds' Cupid as a Link Boy were secure. Works by Gustave Courbet, Honoré Daumier, Jacques-Louis David and Eugène Delacroix had been purchased by the museum in earlier decades.<ref>[http://www.artsjournal.com/culturegrrl/2007/02/mission_creep_albrightknox_bel.html Lee Rosenbaum, "Mission Creep: Albright-Knox Belatedly Releases Its Complete Deaccession List" Arts Journal]</ref>

The decision to deaccession certain art works was made by a vote of the museum's Board of Directors, was voted on and ratified by the entire membership, and followed the guidelines of the American Alliance of Museums. The sale raised questions about how museums can remain vital when they are situated in economically declining regions and have limited means for raising funds for operations and acquisitions.

Hours
The gallery is open from 10 a.m. to 5 p.m., Tuesday through Sunday.  On the first Friday of each month, the gallery is open from 10 a.m. to 10 p.m. with free admission to the permanent collection through the support of M&T Bank.

Management

Governance
Since 2013, Janne Sirén has been director of the Albright–Knox Art Gallery. Sirén is believed to be the first director from the Nordic region to take the helm of a major American art museum.

Complete list of directors:
 Janne Gallen-Kallela-Sirén (2013–present)
 Louis Grachos (2002-2013)
 Douglas G. Schultz (1983-2002)
 Robert T. Buck, Jr. (1973-1983)
 Gordon M. Smith (1955–1973)
 Edgar C. Schenck (1949–1955) 
 Andrew C. Ritchie (1942–1949) 
 Gordon B. Washburn (1931–1942) 
 William M. Hekking (1925–1931) 
 Cornelia Bentley Sage Quinton (1910–1924) 
 Charles McMeen Kurtz (1905–1909)

Funding
As of 2007, the Albright–Knox Art Gallery's endowment stood at about $58 million, generating about $1.1 million a year for acquisitions. Since the proceeds from the sale of some 200 works of art in 2007 were added to the preexisting $22 million acquisitions endowment, the museum has been able to spend as much as almost $5 million on new art annually. In 2013, the Albright–Knox Art Gallery received an $11 million bequest from the estate of longtime board member and Buffalo arts patron Peggy Pierce Elfvin, possibly the largest single gift in the museum's history.

See also
John J. Albright
Portrait of Seymour H. Knox
Seymour H. Knox II

References

External links

 
 Buffalo Architecture and History: Albright-Knox Art Gallery, with photos and more detailed history

 
Category:Art museums in New York (state)
Category:Museums in Buffalo, New York
Category:Contemporary art galleries in the United States
Category:Modern art museums in the United States
Category:Museums of American art
Category:Architecture of Buffalo, New York
Category:National Register of Historic Places in Buffalo, New York
Category:Museums on the National Register of Historic Places in New York (state)
Category:Institutions accredited by the American Alliance of Museums
Category:1905 establishments in New York (state)
Category:Art museums established in 1905
Category:Skidmore, Owings & Merrill buildings
Category:Modernist architecture in New York (state)
Category:Neoclassical architecture in New York (state)
Category:FRAME Museums