MSP430™ FRAM microcontrollers with CapTIvate™ technologyThe most noise immune capacitive touch MCUs and first to offer an IEC 61000-4-6 certified solution
Pradhyum RamkumarProduct Marketing Engineer MSP Microcontrollers
Texas Instruments
 MSP430™ FRAM microcontrollers with CapTIvate™ technology 2 October 2015
Introduction
As a technology leader, TI’s role is to understand the challenges its customers will face and develop products that will provide solutions that make it easier for them to implement innovative technologies. For example, we’ve heard from many of our customers who are developing industrial equipment that they need to design simple interfaces that can tolerate harsh operating environments subject to noise, dirt and liquids which can interfere with the reliable operation of mechanical buttons (Figure 1).
We recommend capacitive touch technology to 
those customers because it offers an exciting and 
cost-effective alternative to mechanical buttons 
across industrial and commercial applications. For 
example, mechanical push buttons on a coffee pot 
have seams in which liquid and coffee grounds 
can seep into the enclosure, potentially causing 
damage. With a touch-based user interface (UI), an 
appliance can be protected by a seamless metal or 
plastic enclosure.
Industrial Design
Cold Temp/ 
Environment Noise
Sealed/Durability
Reliability
Haptic Feedback
Kitchen+++++O+
Home automation+O+O+
IndustrialO++++++
Consumer electronics++OOO++
MedicalO++++O+
Automotive+++O+++
WearablesO++O++
Figure 1. Developers of industrial equipment need to be able to design simple and reliable interfaces to tolerate harsh operating environments.
Capacitive touch enables a better user experience, 
as well as a wide range of differentiating features, 
including:
• Buttons, wheels, and sliders: Engineers 
are no longer restricted by the limitations of 
mechanical buttons. Wheels and sliders enable 
the design of more efficient and intuitive UIs.
• Reliability: Touch-based UIs are not 
susceptible to breaking like mechanical buttons. 
They also offer increased protection from 
environmental factors.
• Proximity sensing and gestures: Identify 
when users are within range of a system 
enables a whole new level of power 
management and efficiency. Furthermore 
gestures allows user to interact more intuitively.
• Manufacturing: Simplified design and reduced 
component count reduces manufacturing 
complexity and cost.
• Aesthetics: Capacitive touch-based UIs have 
a more sleek appearance that is attractive to 
users and can be hidden until lit. Devices are 
also easier to keep clean. 
MSP430™ FRAM MCUs with capacitive touch technology
To help its customers take full advantage of the 
benefits of touch-based UIs, TI has created the new 
ultra-low-power MSP430FR25x/26x family of MCUs 
 MSP430™ FRAM microcontrollers with CapTIvate™ technology 3 October 2015
with CapTIvate™ technology (Figure 2). The MCU 
has been designed to enable simplicity in small and 
large home appliances, personal electronics, factory 
and building automation systems.
With their efficient architecture, MSP430FR25x/26x 
MCUs are the industry’s lowest power capacitive 
touch technology, making this family ideal for 
implementing interfaces in devices such as 
battery-operated electronic locks, portable 
electronics and appliances with ENERGY STAR® 
requirements. The technology offers features that 
provide a robust and reliable performance in noisy 
and harsh environments as well as the ability to 
tolerate moisture. The high sensitivity of CapTIvate 
technology allows the use of thick overlays to 
protect equipment and can be used with metal 
panels to implement metal-on-touch capacitive 
buttons. The technology has also been designed 
with ease-of-use in mind, so engineers do not 
need to become capacitive-sensing experts to take 
advantage of touch-based UIs.
As previously mentioned, the first devices to use TI’s 
CapTIvate technology are the MSP430FR25x/26x 
family of FRAM-based MCUs. By integrating 
capacitive touch as a self-contained analog front 
end with a full-featured FRAM MCU, TI enables 
developers to build true single-chip systems (see 
Figure 3 on the following page). The MSP430 MCU 
architecture provides sufficient processing capacity 
to support operations such as driving LCD, LEDs, 
haptic feedback or any other system management 
tasks without requiring a second MCU. This has 
the added benefit of speeding design and lowering 
overall system cost.
TI’s CapTIvate technology is extremely sensitive; it 
has the ability to measure changes in capacitance 
as small as 10 Femto Farad (fF) 
and sense a wide dynamic range 
of capacitance, up to 300 Pico 
Farad (pF), allowing systems to 
provide:
•  Reliable operation with thicker 
overlays, up to 60-mm glass
•  Greater proximity sensing 
range, up to 30 cm
•  Enhanced resolution, up to 10-
bit usable resolution for sliders 
and wheels
•  Reduce false detects in 
presence of large parasitic 
capacitance loading
•  Smaller form factor through the 
ability to use smaller electrodes
MSP430FR25x/26x MCUs with 
CapTIvate technology can also 
scan four electrodes in parallel in 
MSP430FR253x/263x MCUsTemperatures–40°C to 85°C
Up to 16KB FRAM (withsegment protections forcode/data)
Real-Time Clock (Counter only )
Serial Interface
Data Protection
Memory
MSP430F2(5/6)3x16-bitUp to 16 MHz
Power & Clocking
Timers
Embedded Emulation
Watchdog Timer1 × 10 bit SAR ADCon-chip bandgap forbattery voltage monitor.On-chip temperature sensor(up to 8 ch)
2× 16-bit TA w/ 3CC regs
2× 16-bit pure TA
PMM with BOR, POR, PUC & SVS
1 I× 2C or SPI
2 × UART + IrDA or SPIUp to 17 GPIOs with8 CapTIvate IOs
32-pin QFN/TSSOP24-pin QFN24-pin DSBGA (TBD)
Bootstrap Loader
Real-time JTAG/SBW
CRC16VLO
16KB ROM
Up to 4KB SRAM
Packages
Analog
System Module
Up to16 CapTIvate IOs,64 buttons
Dedicated 16-MHz Oscillator
Wake-on-Prox,zero CPU State Machine
Dedicated 16-bit Timer
CapTIvate™ Touch
Figure 2: TI’s first devices to utilize CapTIvate technology are the MSP430FR25x/26x family of FRAM-based MCUs.
 MSP430™ FRAM microcontrollers with CapTIvate™ technology 4 October 2015
500 µsec. This allows for improved common-mode 
noise rejection and lower power consumption. 
Furthermore, with fast scans and high sensitivity, 
MSP430 FRAM MCUs with CapTIvate technology 
can enable 3-D gesturing applications. 
Reducing the effects  of noise
Noise is a primary challenge facing designers of 
capacitive touch-based systems because noise can 
come from internal or external sources. It can trigger 
false detects that can be dangerous—imagine an 
induction cooker turning itself on inadvertently due 
to powerline noise. MSP430FR25x/26x MCUs 
have incorporated several features in-silicon to 
meet the rigorous requirements of applications 
that must operate in noisy environments and meet 
electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) standards, 
including IEC61000-4-4 for electrical fast transients 
(EFT), IEC61000-4-6 for common-mode noise (CMN) 
and IEC61000-4-2 for electrostatic discharge (ESD).
The high performance of CapTIvate technology 
is important for achieving better noise immunity. 
Greater sensitivity translates to the ability to 
have small electrodes or sensors. The CapTIvate 
technology analog front end is also able to maintain 
good performance even when the system requires 
long traces in the PCB. CapTIvate technology 
minimizes the effects of noise using various 
hardware-based control mechanisms:
• Integrator-based charge transfer: The 
method of operation enables CapTIvate 
technology to make robust capacitive 
measurements.
• Oscillator: The oscillator allows oversampling 
and frequency hopping functionality 
independent of the MCU’s DCO (digitally 
Figure 3: By integrating TI’s CapTIvate™ technology as a self-contained peripheral with a full-featured MCU, TI enables developers to build true single-chip systems that can accurately detect touches even when the CPU is asleep.
 MSP430™ FRAM microcontrollers with CapTIvate™ technology 5 October 2015
controlled oscillator), thus increasing reliability in 
noisy environments.
• Zero-crossing synchronization input 
pin: The pin allows touch detection to take 
place during AC power supply zero crossing 
events. The result is higher conducted noise 
performance.
• Spread spectrum clocking: This clocking 
method lowers electromagnetic radiation 
emissions that can interfere with system 
circuitry.
• 1.5 V voltage regulator: Ability to drive 
sensors at 1.5 Volts reduces emissions 
compared to driving them at higher voltages.
CapTIvate technology further improves reliability 
through software-based signal processing. Among 
the signal processing algorithms in use are multi-
frequency, oversampling, dynamic threshold 
adjustment, AC noise filtering and debounce. 
Together, this combination of high performance 
with hardware and software features provides high 
noise immunity designed to help developers achieve 
compliance with EMC standards. For example, the 
CapTIvate technology EMC reference design offers 
conducted noise immunity up to 10 Vrms and ESD 
and EFT up to 4 KV peak voltage. A full test report 
from a third-party laboratory can be found at 
http://www.ti.com/lit/pdf/slay045. 
The industry’s lowest power capacitive touch MCU
Appliance and industrial designers face increasing 
pressure to minimize power consumption in their 
next-generation designs. MSP430FR25x/26x MCUs 
have been designed to provide the lowest power 
in the industry for capacitive touch button, slider, 
wheel interfaces and proximity sensing. TI has 
developed several innovative technologies to make 
this possible.
Typically, capacitive-sensing controllers on the 
market today require the CPU to wake and check 
electrodes. The high power consumption of the 
CPU, combined with how long the CPU takes to 
wake, substantially impacts the power required to 
scan electrodes. This raises power consumption to 
more than 20 µA per sensor for current-generation 
touch controllers.
In contrast, MSP430FR25x/26x MCUs have zero 
CPU wake on touch. It is implemented as a finite 
state machine that can actively monitor up to 
four sensors for touch/proximity while the CPU 
is asleep. When an event occurs, the finite state 
machine wakes up the CPU for processing the 
event. The result is outstanding power efficiency; 
when scanning four electrodes, power consumption 
is only 0.9 µA per sensor. This level of productivity 
helps engineers meet ENERGY STAR compliance 
requirements and drive years of operating life from a 
single coin cell battery.
For applications needing more than four electrodes, 
MSP430FR25x/26x MCU consumes as low as 1.7 
µA per button (assuming 16-button self-capacitance 
or 64-button mutual-capacitance solution at 8-Hz 
sampling frequency). 
Ferroelectric Random Access Memory (FRAM) for greater power efficiency
Industrial applications typically need to store data 
when the system is powered down or experiences a 
power failure. TI’s FRAM MCU technology combines 
 MSP430™ FRAM microcontrollers with CapTIvate™ technology 6 October 2015
the speed of SRAM with the non-volatility of FRAM 
memory to provide robustness with flexibility and 
efficiency in a single memory technology.
Comparable to Flash in price, FRAM offers superior 
write speeds (100 times faster), read access (no 
wait states at up to 8 MHz), endurance (virtually 
unlimited at 1015 cycles) and energy efficiency (6 
times better), making it a universal memory that 
can be used for both code and data. Developers 
have the flexibility to partition how much memory is 
allocated for program code and how much for data 
storage. This allows developers to make optimal 
use of memory, even as specification changes arise, 
without having to change to a new processor with a 
different memory configuration.
The MSP430FR2633 FRAM MCU allows engineers 
to quickly create differentiated applications. For 
example, consider an electronic door lock. With 
non-volatile FRAM, the lock can log information 
such as which individuals have used the door, when 
they used it and whether their code was entered 
correctly. This value-added functionality can be 
implemented without adversely impacting battery life 
or increasing system cost. 
Self or mutual capacitance and proximity:  No-compromise design
MSP430FR25x/26x MCUs give engineers a high 
degree of flexibility when designing capacitive 
touch-based systems as they support both self- and 
mutual-capacitance sensing and proximity sensing 
in the same design. This allows developers to select 
the right sensing method for the task at hand.
In simple terms, self-capacitive is the capacitance 
between a single sensing electrode and ground, 
where the user’s finger acts as ground. It provides 
performance for applications that require long-
range sensing (proximity), high sensitivity, greater 
noise immunity or ultra-high resolution sliders and 
wheels. In contrast, mutual capacitance measures 
the capacitance between a transmit and receive 
electrode. As a user’s finger approaches and 
touches the panel, the capacitance measured 
between each electrode changes. Mutual 
capacitance is ideal for applications that require 
a large number of buttons, have sensors that are 
tightly spaced, or require moisture rejection.
This means developers do not have to compromise 
the performance of one part of the touch-based UI 
to accommodate another. 
Moisture rejection
To provide a robust experience for users, a touch-
based UI must be water tolerant. Water and other 
liquids have a different dielectric than air and are 
conductive, creating the potential for a variety of 
issues engineers must address. This can generate 
false detects across a number of sensors, especially 
if the liquid has pooled on the panel.
To enable water rejection, CapTIvate technology 
can use a dedicated guard channel for detecting 
anomalies such as changing environmental 
conditions so it can accommodate them. The 
CapTIvate Touch Library provides software to 
handle guard channel management, making it 
straightforward for developers to build robust 
systems for applications where the presence of 
water is commonplace.
 MSP430™ FRAM microcontrollers with CapTIvate™ technology 7 October 2015
Support for plastic, glass and metal overlays
CapTIvate technology works reliably with plastic 
and glass overlays. The high sensitivity of CapTIvate 
technology allows for 60-mm thick glass overlays 
as well as 25-mm thick plastic overlays, while 
metal overlays provide another method to create 
innovative touch solutions. In case of metal overlays, 
a button press involves an actuation force that 
bends the metal sheet making a small change in 
capacitance detected by sensors mounted below 
the panel. Metal overlays allow for designs that 
are completely agnostic to dirt and moisture in the 
environment. As metal touch involves an actuation 
force, it also registers a gloved touch. Furthermore, 
CapTIvate technology also differentiates force of 
touch, allowing for differentiated human-machine 
interface designs.
Compensating for manufacturing tolerances
During manufacturing, variations in the thickness 
and size of such materials can negatively impact 
sensitivity. As a result, the responsiveness of 
systems can differ from panel to panel. Rather 
than require manual tuning to compensate for 
manufacturing variations, CapTIvate technology 
can be configured to automatically adjust its gain 
and analog front settings. Developers specify the 
expected capacitance count to detect a touch and 
the system adjusts itself to hold to this baseline. 
Automatic sensitivity adjustment can be enabled in 
the field as well, allowing systems to continuously 
adjust themselves to maintain responsiveness 
and sensitivity.
Enhancing touch interfaces with haptics
Haptics refers to a mechanism that provides tactile 
(vibrational) feedback to users when a button is 
pressed. Employing haptics can enhance user 
safety by increasing user confidence when operating 
devices by confirming UI inputs through feedback 
increases. This results in faster input, fewer errors 
and improved productivity. For example, an 18 
percent reduction in extra/secondary glances at the 
UI can be achieved by adding haptic feedback[1].
TI has the largest portfolio of haptics drivers in the 
semiconductor industry and supports eccentric 
rotating mass (ERM), solenoid-based, piezoelectric, 
and linear resonant actuators (LRA). Integrating 
haptics driver with an MSP430FR25x/26x MCU is 
easy. When a touch is detected by the capacitive 
sensors, the MCU sends a haptic code over I2C to 
the haptic driver. This in turn causes the actuator to 
move in a specific pattern, creating a vibration.
CapTIvate Design Center: Flexibility and ease of use
In addition to being the lowest power capacitive 
touch technology, MSP430FR25x/26x MCUs are 
also the easiest to design with. Developers of all 
programming skill levels can create capacitive 
touch solutions with minimal effort; allowing them 
to focus on designing the application instead of 
the nitty-gritty details. With CapTIvate Design 
Center, designers can start tuning their sensors in 
 MSP430™ FRAM microcontrollers with CapTIvate™ technology 8 October 2015
five minutes or less. The program is available for 
Windows®, Apple® OS X® and Linux®. The five-step 
guide below shows the streamlined design process.
1.  Drag and drop sensors into the GUI
  •   Example: 5 buttons, 3-element slider, 
1 proximity sensor
2.  Configure each sensor
  •  Self capacitance or mutual capacitance
  •  MSP430FR25x/26x MCU device selection
  •  Tweak auto-generated I/O configuration
3.  Real-time tuning
  •  Display sensor data – Bar chart/Oscilloscope
  •   Tune performance – Touch threshhold, 
debounce, filter settings
  •   Optimize for noise immunity, power, 
sensitivity, range using menus
  •   Guidelines are available to show engineers 
how to easily set thresholds and test them.
4.   Auto-generate configuration file and fully 
compile in Code Composer Studio™ IDE 
or IAR project.
  •   No projects tweaks are necessary unless 
application code needs to be added.
5.   Compile firmware, Flash firmware and 
CapTIvate technology Touch Library
TI provides a comprehensive CapTIvate Touch 
Library for implementing enhanced features beyond 
legacy capacitive touch capabilities. The library is 
imaged in ROM, freeing up memory on the MCU for 
use by the application.
The library offers access to different application 
layers, including:
• Hardware Abstraction Layer (HAL): IP-
specific, “bare metal” access to the CapTIvate 
peripheral
• Basic touch layer: Access to basic proximity 
and touch detection functionality as well as 
filtering capabilities
• Advanced feature layer: Provides button, 
slider, and wheel processing
• Communications layer: Includes 
communication protocols
• Low-level serial drivers: Basic interface 
capabilities
These layers simplify implementing functionality 
and provide developers access to the advanced 
capabilities needed. The application is notified of 
sensor updates through a user callback mechanism. 
Sensor configuration is automated with CapTIvate 
Design Center and factory sensor tuning and 
programming can be done at one time. 
CapTIvate MCU development kit
To further accelerate evaluation and design, TI 
offers a range of development boards and kits. 
As an example, the CapTIvate MCU development 
kit (MSP-CAPT-FR2633) enables developers to 
evaluate and design with all the capacitive touch 
capabilities of the MSP430FR25x/26x touch-
based MCUs (Figure 4 on the following page). 
This bundled kit contains the eZFET programmer/
debugger with TI’s EnergyTrace™ technology, 
MSP430FR2633 MCU processor PCB, isolation 
PCB for battery operation and EMC/EMI testing, 
and sensor PCBs for demonstrating mutual-, self- 
and proximity-sensing capabilities. For accelerating 
haptics development, the kit includes a DRV2605L 
haptic driver included in the CAPTIVATE-PHONE 
 MSP430™ FRAM microcontrollers with CapTIvate™ technology 9 October 2015
electrode panel. TI also offers the DRV2605 Haptics 
evaluation kit and DRV2667 evaluation board that 
can be used with external actuators.
CapTIvate-Metal Sensor PCB will be available 
as an add-on kit to demonstrate metal touch 
capabilities. 
Documentation and reference designs for CapTIvate technology
The CapTIvate technology guide is a one-stop 
shop for all documentation for this new technology. 
It can also be accessed within the CapTIvate Design 
Center. The tool contains in-depth information on 
getting started with CapTIvate technology and 
advanced design topics for designing sensors, 
optimizing for low power, moisture and noise 
immunity. Code examples are also available for 
designers to quickly evaluate the capabilities of 
the MSP430FR25x/26x MCU architecture with 
CapTIvate technology and speed their time-to-
market.
With MSP430FR25x/26x MCUs, engineers have 
the ability to introduce capacitive touch to a wide 
range of applications quickly and cost effectively. 
Not only does capacitive touch address the reliability 
issues of mechanical buttons, it enables innovative 
interfaces with differentiating functionality. TI has the 
lowest power capacitive touch sensing technology 
available in the industry today and offers developers 
an ecosystem of tools to help them achieve the 
performance and reliability required for even the 
most demanding industrial applications. These tools 
accelerate design through their flexibility and ease of 
use, enabling engineers to build robust touch-based 
systems without having to write software drivers or 
become capacitive-sensing experts.
Learn more about CapTIvate technology today: 
www.ti.com/CapTIvate
1. Drag & drop
2. Configure
3. Real-time tune
4. Generate
5. Build
SensorConfigFile
Start tuning sensors in 5 minutes or less with CapTIvate™ Design Center
Figure 4: The MSP430FR2633 CapTIvate™ MCU development kit allows user to evaluate self and mutual capacitance, proximity sensing, gestures as well as metal overlays.
Sources:
[1]  Pitts, 2011: Page 8 from Mark Toth’s “TI Haptic 
Drivers for HMI”
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