AbstractCopelatus in Australia is revised and nine species are recognised. One new species, Copelatusmartinbaehrisp. nov., is described from Papua New Guinea  and Cape York Peninsula (Iron Range NP and Mt Tozer). Copelatusdivisus Watts, 1978, syn. nov., is considered a junior synonym of C.portior Guignot, 1956, described from New Guinea. Species delimitation is based on the morphological characters and Cox1 data. All species are (re)described, and their important species characters  are illustrated. A key to all nine species is provided. The known distribution and habitat preferences of each species are outlined briefly. In Australia, all nine species are distributed in the northern half of the continent. Four species are also reported from New Guinea: in addition to C.martinbaehrisp. nov., we record C.clarki Sharp, 1882 for the first time from southern New Guinea, and consider literature records of C.irregularis W.J. Macleay, 1871 and C.marginatus Sharp, 1882 from New Guinea as doubtful. Copelatusportior is widely distributed in Australasia, while C.tenebrosus is widely distributed in the Indomalayan and Australasian realms. All Australian Copelatus are confirmed to be lentic, found in a large variety of stagnant water, mainly in lowland areas up to 250 m.The genus  Copelatus Erichson, 1832 has a worldwide distribution, with highest diversity in the tropics , C.irregularis W.J. Macleay, 1871 and C.marginatus Sharp, 1882  are considered to have wider areas including New Guinea. Copelatusportior Guignot, 1956 is widely distributed in Australasia, while C.tenebrosus Régimbart, 1880 is known from many parts of Indomalayan and Australasian realms.The Australian un, 1886 . The remustralia . Three sCopelatus are found in small rock, residual and side pools of streams and intermittent creeks, in forest pools, and at flooded lake and river margins, often rich in submerged and emerged vegetation, and with decaying plant material. They occur mainly in lowland areas up to 250 m.All species of Australian Copelatini, we have recognised one Copelatus species hitherto unknown to science; in addition, one new synonym has been discovered. The (re)description of all nine taxa and clarification of their identity, distribution, and habitat preferences are the aims of the present paper.During our recent work on Australasian C.daemeli and C.irregularis (see under those species) was examined. Furthermore, the first author has studied all available specimens stored in relevant Australian museums and private collections.This study is based on the examination of 1,682 specimens. Type material of most species, except for The material used for this study is deposited in the following institutional and private collections:AMSAustralian Museum, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia;ANICAustralian National Insect Collection, Canberra, Australia;NHMUKThe Natural History Museum [formerly British Museum ], London, England, BMNH;CGW Collection G. Wewalka, Vienna, Austria;CLH Collection L. Hendrich, Berlin, Germany; property of the NMW;HNHMMagyar Természettudományi Múzeum [Hungarian Natural History Museum], Budapest, Hungary;MAGNTMuseum and Art Gallery of the Northern Territory, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia;MZBMuseum Zoologicum Bogoriense, Cibinong, Indonesia;NMPC Národní Muzeum, Praha, Czech Republic;NMWNaturhistorisches Museum Wien, Vienna, Austria;QDPIBQueensland Department of Primary Industries, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia;QMQueensland Museum, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia;SAMA South Australian Museum, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia;ZSMZoologische Staatssammlung, München, Munich, Germany.TM. Male genitalia were studied and figured in wet condition. Aedeagus images were captured by Harald Schillhammer  with a Nikon D4 (in combination with a Novoflex bellows and a Mitutoyo 10/0.25 Apo ELWD) tethered to a PC and controlled with Nikon Camera Control Pro. Resulting image stacks were treated with Zerene Stacker and then post-processed in Adobe Photoshop CS 5.Beetles were studied with a Leica MZ 12.5 dissecting scope at 10–100×. Habitus photos were made by František Slamka  using a digital photo imaging system and incident light, composed of a Leica DM 2500 M microscope and a Tucsen 5.0 MP camera. The microscope was fitted with Leica HCX PL “Fluotar” 5× and 10× metallurgical grade lenses (Buffington and Gates 2008). Image stacks were aligned and assembled with the computer software Helicon Focus 4.77The descriptive style follows Abbreviations used in the text are:hw handwritten,MW maximum width,TL total length,TL-H total length without head.http://earth.google.com) to locate several localities. The distribution map is based on the records cited here and the results from “Atlas of living Australia” [https://www.ala.org.au/].Coordinates are given in decimal notation unless cited verbatim from labels. Beside various Australian road maps, we also used Google Earth  were 1'94 °C – 35× (30 s 94 °C – 30 s 47 °C – 1'72 °C) – 10'72 °C – (hold at 14 °C) with primers Jerry and Pat to amplify and sequence the 3' of the gene encoding for cytochrome c oxidase 1 (p-distances) in Geneious (11.0.4.) software  as a Geneious project and in FASTA file format: https://datadryad.org/stash/dataset/doi: 10.5061/dryad.w0vt4b8m7.The sequence data partly originate from xidase 1 . All 46 are Fig.  and visuAY368215–AY368217, EF670049, FR732611, FR732615, FR732620, FR732636, FR732654, FR732730, FR732732, FR732748, FR732802, FR732803, FR732807, FR732808, FR732809, FR732999, FR733000, FR733016, FR733023–FR733026, FR733033–FR733037, FR733047, FR733137, FR733213, FR733285, FR733287, FR733303, FR733425–FR733427, FR733505, FR733558, FR733559, LN717083, LT615908, LT615914.GenBank accession numbers are C.irregularis, but these are samples from most distant localities only, and the divergence amounts to only c. 1%.The morphologically delineated species were all retrieved as monophyletic groups in our cox1 DNA sequence tree Fig. . We obseSmall to medium sized , elongate or oblong-oval and more flattened diving beetles, narrowing towards apex. Scutellum visible. Elytra of all Australian species with longitudinal striae being numbered from innermost to outermost . Prosternum and its process in same plane or process slightly deflected upwards behind procoxae. Prosternal process short. Metepisternum extended to mesocoxal cavity. Lateral parts of metaventrite  relatively broad at level of mesocoxa and very narrow laterally. Metacoxal processes with an apical cleft; metacoxal lines present. Metafemur ventrally without setigerous row at outer posterior angle. Tarsi with five distinct tarsomeres; male with protarsomeres 1–3 broadly dilated but not forming a round palette, and with four rows of larger adhesive discs bordered by long and thick setae. Metatarsal claws of same length. Median lobe asymmetrical.Taxon classificationAnimaliaColeopteraDytiscidaeJ. Balfour-Browne, 1939C9F8FF17-8AC7-5B21-A3CA-9EEF8A6AFD13Copelatusbakewelli J. “North Australia”.Holotype: Female, “Holotype” [round label with red frame], “Na” [hw label], “6756” [printed label], “Copelatusbakewelli B-B. Type” [hw label] (NHMUK).Western Australia: 2 exs., “AUSTRALIA WA, Synnot Range 1/9/1969, 16°25'S, 125°28'E, Giuliani D.D. leg.” (WAM); 1 ex., “AUSTRALIA/WA/Shire of Wyndham – East Kimberley, Gibb River Road, Drysdale River Crossing, 380 m, 14.6.1999, Hendrich leg. Loc. 9/109” (CLH); 4 exs., “AUSTRALIA/WA/ Shire of Wyndham-East Kimberley, Gibb River Road, King Edward River Crossing, 280 m, 15.6.1999, Hendrich leg./coll. Loc. 10/110” (CLH); 77 exs., “AUSTRALIA/WA/Shire of Wyndham-East Kimberley, Mitchell Plateau, Little Mertens Falls, 300 m, 15.6.1999, Hendrich leg./coll. Loc. 11/111b” ; 8 exs., “AUSTRALIA/WA/ East Kimberley, Mitchell Plateau, Little Mertens Falls, 300 m, 15.6.1999, Hendrich leg./coll. Loc. 11a/111a” (NMW); 2 exs., “AUSTRALIA/WA/Shire of Wyndham – East Kimberley, Mitchell Plateau, Port Warrender Road/Kalumburu Road, Lowya Creek, 290 m, 18.6.1999, Hendrich leg. Loc. 13/113” (CLH); 1 ex., “AUSTRALIA/WA/Shire of Wyndham - East Kimberley, Mitchell Plateau, Kalumburu Road, 25 km NW King Edward Homestead, N.N. Creek, 370 m, 18.6.1999, Hendrich leg. Loc. 114” (CLH); 4 exs., “AUSTRALIA/WA/Shire of Wyndham - East Kimberley, Gibb River Road, 10 km E Hann River, Snake Creek, 470 m, 19.6.1999, Hendrich leg. Loc. 16/116” (CLH). Northern Territory: 1 ex., “Australia: NT, Cullen River n. Cullen, at Stuart Hwy, 102 m, 23.VIII.2006, 14.02.052S 131.56.561E, L. & E. Hendrich leg. (NT 13)”, “DNA Balke 2213” [green printed label] (ZSM); 1 ex., “Australia: NT, Kakadu Hwy, Harriet Creek at Hwy Cross., 153 m, 24.VIII.2006, 13.44.512S 131.54.012E, L. & E. Hendrich leg. (NT 14)”, “DNA Balke 1614” [green printed label] (ZSM); 2 exs., “Australia: NT, Litchfield NP, Creek near Wanggi Falls, 191 m, 20.VIII.2006, 13.11.221S 130.43.327E, L. & E. Hendrich leg. (NT 4)”, “DNA Balke 2190”, “DNA Balke 2191” [green printed label] (ZSM); 2 exs., “AUSTRALIA NT Kakadu NP Alligator R. Gungaree Rainforest Dec. 22/93 S&J Peck” (ZSM); 1 ex., “NT, Horse Creek fossil site, Camfield Station [-17.1166 131.5166] 2/8/1992”, “1004435” (MAGNT); 1 ex., “NT, Top Humbert Yard, Humbert River  7/1986”, “1004443” (MAGNT); 2 exs., “Bathurst Is. + Melville Is. N.T. XII. 1975 D. Curry”, “QDPC 0-172712”, “QDPC 0-172713” (QDPC); 2 exs., “Australia, NT, Litchfield NP, Florence Falls, 12°51'15"S, 132°45'16"E, 63 m, at light, 12.V.2006, leg. Berger & Dostal (5/06)” (CGW); 8 exs., “Australia, NT, 80 km W Roper Bar, 14°54'19"S, 133°57'28"E, 78 m, at light, 14.V.2006, leg. Berger & Dostal (7/06)” (CGW); 1 ex., “Australia, N.T./Katherine Gorge, Butterfly Gorge Walk, 150 m, 4.7.1999, Hendrich leg. Loc. 33/133” (CLH); 3 exs., “Australia, N.T. Kakadu N.P., Mary River District, 3 km ESE Gunlom Camping Area. South Alligator River, 50 m, 2.11.1996, 13°27.276'S, 132°26.268'E L. Hendrich leg./Lok. 14” (CLH); 3 exs., “Australia, N.T./Kakadu N.P., Jim Jim District, Gungurul Lookout, 50 m, 1.11.1996, 13°59.359'S, 132°19.904'E L. Hendrich leg./Lok. 11” (CLH); 19 exs., “Australia, N.T./Kakadu N.P., Mary River District, Gunlom Camping Area, 50 m, 3.11.1996, 13°26.082'S, 132°24.929'E L. Hendrich leg./Lok. 15” (CLH); 2 exs., “Australia, N.T./Kakadu N.P., Jim Jim District, Barramundie Gorge, Maguk, 50 m, 31.10.1996, 13°18.823'S, 132°26.198'E. L. Hendrich leg./ Lok. 9” (CLH); 12 exs., “Australia, NT/Kakadu N.P., Mary River District, Gunlom Waterfall Creek, 150 m, 2.11.1996, 13°26.082'S, 132°24.929'E L. Hendrich leg./Lok. 13” (CLH); 51 exs., “Australia, N.T./Kakadu N.P., Jim Jim District, 1 km S Jim Jim Falls, 70 m, 26.10.1996, 13°16.718'S, 132°49.490'E L. Hendrich leg./Lok. 3” (CLH); 39 exs., “Australia, N.T./Kakadu N.P., Jim Jim District, Jim Jim Falls Camping Area, Jim Jim Creek, 60 m, 26. & 27.10.1996 13°16.218'S, 132°49.276'E L. Hendrich leg./ Lok. 2.” (CLH); 13 exs., “Australia N.T./Kakadu N.P., Nourlangie District, Gubara, 50 m, 25.10.1996, 12°50.101'S, 132°52.501'E L. Hendrich leg./Lok. 1” (CLH); 1 ex., “Australia, NT, Pine Creek, Roper Gulf (S)Waterfall Ck., 60 mi. E of Pine Ck. , 7.08.1964, Carne, P.B. leg. (ANIC); 1 ex., “Australia, NT, Daly Basin, Katherine (T) Tindal, -14.51667, 132.3667, 1.12.1967, Vestjens, W.J.M. leg. (ANIC); 10 exs., “Australia: NT, Litchfield NP, TJAYNERA FALLS, 13°15'S, 130°44'E, 63 m, S. Jákl leg., 20–27.XI.2008” (NMPC). Queensland: 2 exs., “QLD Cook, 2 km NNW Jowalbinna  17/01/1994 Zborowski P. & Edwards, E.D.”, “25-023624-470” (ANIC); 1 ex., “QLD Cook, 14 km ENE Heathlands , rainforest, 21/10/1993 Zborowski P. & Rentz D.C.F.”, “25-022999-353” (ANIC); 1 ex., “QLD, Townsville , 25.3.1996, CH Watts”, “25-001942” (SAMA); 1 ex., “QLD, Townsville , 6–11/2/1998, AJ Watts”, “25-001940” (SAMA); 1 ex., “Bamaga N. Qld. March 1984 J.W. Turner”, “QDPC 0-172711” (QDPC); 3 exs., “Bamaca [=Bamaga] xii.1983”, “Australian QLD J. Sedlacek” (CLH); 1 ex., “Australia, Queensland, Bald Hills Station 4 km N of Isabella Falls, 15°15' 145°00', 29. December 1984, mv lamp, G. & A. Daniels” (QM).Body shape. In dorsal view, oblong oval, broadest at midlength of elytra, moderately convex. Body outline continuous, without discontinuity between pronotum and elytra. Head relatively broad; anterior margin of clypeus not bordered. Pronotum broadest between posterior angles, lateral margins moderately curved. Base of elytra as broad as pronotal base; lateral margins of elytra moderately curved  and the male protibia is not bent as in C.irregularis. Furthermore, all three species can easily be separated by the form of their median lobes.Endemic. The species occurs from the Kimberley region in north-western Australia and in the Arnhemland in the Northern Territory to northern Queensland. In that area, the species is mainly distributed in rainforest pockets of the stone country Fig. .C.bakewelli is more or less restricted to the stone country and the monsoon rainforest pockets. The species is also attracted to light.A lentic species, which occurs in isolated pools of different size in otherwise dry riverbeds of seasonal streams, creeks and rivers. The bottom is consisted of gravel, sand and a layer of rotten plant debris. Occasionally, it occurs in protected bays, at the edge of large (25–50 m width), slow flowing and shallow (up to 20 cm depth) rivers, shaded by old riverine Melaleuca trees. There, the adults can be found among floating roots and organic debris of the paperbark trees. In northern Australia, at Gunlom waterfall, a large series was collected in a small , water filled and shaded pothole Fig. , filled Taxon classificationAnimaliaColeopteraDytiscidaeSharp, 1882F69DA1A6-0056-5C0A-886D-C85B5CCDBEC0Copelatusclarki“Australia [Queensland] (Cape York)”.Lectotype . Paralectotype: Female, “Paralectotype” [round label with blue frame], “Cotype” [roundish label with yellow frame], “Cape York. 676” [hw label], “Sharp Coll. 1905-313.” [printed label], “Copelatusclarki Cap York” [hw label], “Copelatusclarki Sharp Det. C. Watts det. 1971” [hw label] (NHMUK).Western Australia: 4 exs., “AUSTRALIA/WA/ Shire of Wyndham-East Kimberley, Gibb River Road, King Edward River Crossing, 280 m, 15.6.1999, Hendrich leg./Coll./Loc. 10/110” (CLH); 1 ex., “Australia, WA/Shire of Wyndham-East Kimberley, Kalumburu Road, Meelarie Creek, 5 km N Drysdale Crossing, 350 m, 18.–19.6.1999, Hendrich leg. Loc. 15/115” (CLH). Northern Territory: 1 ex., “Northern Territory, Magela Ck, nr. rum pipe [Mudginberri Homestead], Pine Creek , 7.1.1987, Dostine, P.” (ANIC); 2 exs., “Australia07, NT 112, Mary River NP, Mary River Billabong 5 km nnw. Mary River Creek 12.53.49S, 131.38.33E, 28 m, 4.–5.12.2007, M. Baehr” (ZSM); 2 exs., “Australis07, NT 109, Kakadu NP Jim Jim Billabong, 12 km SSE Cooinda 12.56.26S, 132.33.10E, 16 m, 2.–3.12.2007, M. Baehr” (ZSM); 1 ex., “Australia07, NT3 Litchfield NP Tabletop Swamp, 212 m, 13.10.65S 130.44.82E 30.–31.10.2007, M. Baehr” (ZSM); 1 ex., “Australia07, NT13, Kakadu NP, South Alligator R. Cr., Old Jim Jim Rd., 43 m, 13.02.95S 132.19.13E, 3.–4.11.2007 M. Baehr” (ZSM); 1 ex., “Australia: NT, Manton Dam Recr. Area, 46 km S Darwin, 35 m, 19.VIII.2006, 12.50.270S 131.08.050E, L. & E. Hendrich leg. (NT 1)”, “DNA Balke 1658” [green printed label] (ZSM); 2 exs., “Australia: NT, Anniversary Creek, 12 km S Adelaide River Scenic Route, 43 m, 22.VIII.2006, 13.19.252S 131.08.271E, L. & E. Hendrich leg. (NT 7)”, “DNA Balke 1639”, “DNA Balke 2176” [green printed label] (ZSM); 1 ex., “Australia NT / Litchfield N.P., Florence Falls Rainforest Walk, 120 m, 4.11.1996 13°06.705'S, 130°47.220'E L. Hendrich leg. /Lok.17” (CLH); 2 exs., “Australia NT/ Kakadu N.P., Mary River District, Gunlom Waterfall Creek, 150 m, 2.11.1996 13°26.082'S, 132°24.929'E L. Hendrich leg./Lok.13” (CLH); 1 male, “Australia NT/ Litchfield N.P., Florence Falls Camping Area, 120 m, 4.11.1996 13°06.705'S, 130°47.220'E L. Hendrich leg./Lok. 16” (CLH); 1 ex., “Australia NT/ Kakadu N.P., Jim Jim District, Barramundie Gorge, Maguk, 50 m, 31.10.1996 13°18.823'S, 132°26.198'E L. Hendrich/Lok. 9” (CLH); 7 exs., “Australia NT/ Kakadu N.P., Jim Jim District, Jim Jim Falls Camping Area, Jim Jim Creek, 60 m, 26. & 27.10.1996 13°16.218'S, 132°49.276'E L. Hendrich leg./Lok. 2” (CLH); 9 exs., “Australia NT/ Kakadu N.P., Jim Jim District, Gungurul Lookout, 50 m, 1.11.1996 13°59.359'S, 132°19.904'E, L. Hendrich leg./Lok. 11” (CLH); 1 ex., Australia, NT, Pine Creek, Brocks Ck. , 25.4.1932, Campbell, T.G. (ANIC); 1 ex., “Australia: NT, Georgetown Billabong, 750 m E Jabiru East, 30 m, 29.VIII.2006, 12.40.716S 132.55.861E, L. & E. Hendrich leg. (NT 20)” (ZSM); 1 ex., “Australia: NT, Kakadu NP, Sandy Billabong 6 km S Muriella Park Camp. Area, 20 m, 31.VIII.2006, 12.54.077S 132.46.411E, L. & E. Hendrich leg. (NT 25)” (ZSM); 5 exs., “Australia, NT, Darwin, 12°51'24"S, 131°46'48"E, 52 m, at light, leg. Berger & Dostal (2/06)” (CGW); 1 ex., “Australia, NT, Litchfield NP, Florence Falls, 12°51'15"S, 132°45'16"E, 63 m, at light, 12.V.2006, leg. Berger & Dostal (5/06)” (CGW); 2 exs., “Australia, NT, Kakadu NP, Muirella, 40 m, at light, 10.V.2006, leg. Berger & Dostal (3/06)” (CGW). 46 exs., “Australia: NT, Litchfield NP, TJAYNERA FALLS, 13°15'S, 130°44'E, 63 m, S. Jákl leg., 20–27.XI.2008” (NMPC); 1 ex., “Australia: NT, Nitmiluk NP, Edit Falls, 14°10'S, 132°06'E, 37 m, S. Jákl leg., 3.XII.2008” (NMPC); 5 exs., “Austr., NT, Kakadu NP, Jim Jim Billabong, 12°56'S, 132°33'E, 5 m, 5.–8.12.[20]08, Sv. Bílý leg.” (NMPC); 1 ex., “Austr., NT, Kakadu NP, Gunlom, 11.12.08, 13°26'S, 132°34'E, 64 m, Sv. Bílý leg.” (NMPC); 2 exs., “Australia, NT, Douglas, Hot Springs, 12.12.08, 13°45'S, 131°26'E, 35 m, Sv. Bílý leg.” (NMPC); 1 ex., “Australia NT, 25 km S of Katherine, 168 m, 14°31'S, 132°25'E, 16.–17.1.2009, Sv. Bílý leg.” (NMPC). Queensland: 3 exs., “AUSTRALIA Qld Mareeba S-edge Res. Stn. Sept 30/90 D. Larson” (ZSM); 1 ex., “AUSTRALIA Qld Ellis Beach 30 km N Cairns Jan 11 1991 D. Larson” (ZSM); 1 ex., “AUSTRALIA Qld 15 km N Cairns Jan 11, 1991 D.J. Larson” (ZSM); 3 exs., “QLD, Barkly (S)  Tepper JP”, “25-0017652” (SAMA); 1 ex., “Australia, QL, Marbeeba, 700 m, 22.I.1993, leg. G. Wewalka (19)” (CGW); 1 ex., “Australia, QL, Dalrymple, 30 km N Charters Towers, 300 m, 18.I.1993, leg. G. Wewalka ” (CGW); 1 ex., “Australia, QL (16) Ravenshoe, 900 m, 90 km W Innisfail, 20.I.1993, leg. Wewalka” (NMW); 5 exs., “Australia, QL, 15–20 km S Innisfail, 20 m, 24.I.1993, leg. G. Wewalka (24)” (CGW); 5 exs., “Australia, QL, 10 km S Tully, S Innisfail, 30 m, 25.I.1993, leg. G. Wewalka (26)” (CGW); 2 exs., “Australia QLD/30 km NNW Mareeba, near Mitchell lake, 9.11.1996 Hendrich leg./Lok. 20” (CLH); 1 ex., “Australia: N QLD, 30 km NW Mareeba, Lake Mitchell at Developmental R., 381 m, 12.IX.2006, 16.47.499S 145.21.444E, L. & E. Hendrich leg. (QLD 30)”, “DNA Balke 1780” (ZSM); 1 ex., “Australia: N QLD, W Mossman Syndicate Road at Harlows Bridge, 12 m, 14.IX.2006, 16.16.289S 145.23.401E, L. & E. Hendrich leg. (QLD 34)” (CLH); 8 exs., “Australia: N QLD, Cape Tribulation Road S of ferry station, forest swamp, 12 m, 15.IX.2006, 16.17.469S 145.19.122E, L. & E. Hendrich leg. (QLD 35)” ; 1 ex., “Australia: C QLD, 18 km S Calen, Mt. Charlton-Calen Road, Boulder Creek, 42 m, 23.IX.2006, 21.00.365S 148.43.231E, L. & E. Hendrich leg. (QLD 45)” (CLH); 3 exs., “Australia: C QLD, 10 km S Mizani, 500 m S Lake Kinchant Camping Area, 46 m, 24.IX.2006, 21.12.599S 148.54.153E, L. & E. Hendrich leg. (QLD 47)” (CLH); 1 ex., “Australia: C QLD, Mackay, 33 km S Sarina, Bolingbroke Road at Railway Cross., 221 m, 24.IX.2006, 21.38.378S 149.08.183E, L. & E. Hendrich leg. (QLD 48)” (ZSM); 3 exs., “Australia: S QLD, 15 km S Agnes Water, entrance Errimbula NP, 15 m, 25.IX.2006, 24.15.193S 151.49.222E, L. & E. Hendrich leg. (QLD 51)” (CLH); 4 exs., “Australia: S QLD, Winfield, Winfield Road, forest pool, 21 m, 26.IX.2006, 24.34.084S 152.00.513E, L. & E. Hendrich leg. (QLD 54)” (CLH); 6 exs., “Australia: S QLD, Bundaberg reg., 2 km W Woodgate, swamp, 33 m, 27.IX.2006, 25.07.325S 152.30.270E, L. & E. Hendrich leg. (QLD 57)” ; 4 exs., “Australia: N QLD, 4 km NW Cardwell, Ellerbeck Road, 13 m, 19.IX.2006, 18.14.520S 145.58.458E, L. & E. Hendrich leg. (QLD 38)” (CLH); 4 exs., “Australia: N QLD, 20 km NE Mareeba, Hodzic Road, 361 m, 12.IX.2006, 16.49.556S 145.27.211E, L. & E. Hendrich leg. (QLD 28)”, 2 specimens with “DNA Balke 2504” and “DNA Balke 2506” [green printed labels] (CLH); 3 exs., “Australia: S QLD, 40 km E Bundaberg, Tusky Creek, 9 m, 26.IX.2006, 24.39.139S 152.01.477E, L. & E. Hendrich leg. (QLD 52)” (CLH); 8 exs., “Australia S QLD, N Stradbroke Island, Brown Lake, 60 m, Baumea swamp, 27°29'37.09"S, 153°25'50.08"E, 18.X.2014 Lars Hendrich leg. (QLD1/14)” (ZSM); 1 ex., “Australia, Queensland, Hinchinbrook (S) Ingham , 30.3.1960, Harley, K.L. leg.” (ANIC); 1 ex., “Australia, Queensland, Brigalow Belt North, Townsville , 22.12.1967, Ferrar, P.” (ANIC); 1 ex., “Australia, Queensland, Cassowary Coast (R), Forest Marsh Innisfail , 7.9.1965” (ANIC); 1 ex., “Australia, Queensland, Cairns, Green Hill, 5 mi. E of Kamma , 7.12.1968, Brooks, J.G.” (ANIC); 1 ex., “Queensland, 4.5 mi. NE Innisfail, Jubilee Rd. , 4.11.1966, Britton, E.B. leg. (ANIC); 1 ex., “Queensland, Goondi Hill Swamp, Innisfail, 3.11.1966, , Britton, E.B.” (ANIC); 1 ex., “Queensland, Cairns (R) Edge Hill, Cairns , 23.2.1965 Brooks, J.G.” (ANIC); 1 ex., “North Queensland, Townsville , 26.4.1968 Ferrar, P.” (ANIC); 1 ex., “North Queensland, 6 1/2 miles S of Townsville , 20.03.1967, Upton, M.S. leg.”(ANIC); 1 ex., “North Queensland Townsville , 26.3.1968, Ferrar, P.” (ANIC); 1 ex., “Cape York Pen. Claudie Riv Xing Iron Range, 11.IX.1974 Walford-Huggins” (CLH); 3 exs., “Cape York Pen. Claudie Riv Xing Iron Range, 7.VI.1975 Walford-Huggins” (CLH); 1 ex., “Gum Leaf Lagoon Edward Riv. Mission 21 Nov. 1983 Walford-Huggins” (CLH); 1 ex., “Sarina, NQ Half Tide Beach, 3.ii.73 J. Frost” (CLH); 2 exs., “Australia: S QLD, Tuan State Forest near Poona Crk., water point 9, Scrubby Crk. upstream, 20 m, 29.IX.2006, 25.44.449S 152.51.316E, L. & E. Hendrich leg. (QLD 60)” (CLH); 1 ex., “Australia: C QLD, 10 km S Mizani, Lake Kinchant, seapage, 48 m, 24.IX.2006, 21.11.580S 148.53.522E, L. & E. Hendrich leg. (QLD 46)”, “DNA Balke 1754” [green printed label] (ZSM); 1 ex., “Australia: S QLD, N Brisbane, Caboolture/Beerburrum road, near King John Creek, 29 m, 9.X.2006, 27.03.014S 152.57.021E, L. & E. Hendrich leg. (QLD 62)”, “DNA Balke 2316” [green printed label] (ZSM); 1 ex., “Australia QLD01/19 Mt. Eliott NP 200 m, 4.–6.4.2001, M. Baehr” (ZSM); 5 exs., “Australia, Queensland, Archer River Crossing, 13°25'S, 142°56'E, 7. April 1989, mv lamp, G. & A. Daniels” (QM); 1 ex., “Australia, Queensland, West Claudie River 4 km SW road junction, 27. November 1987, mv lamp, G. Daniels, M.A. Schneider” (QM); 1 ex., “Australia, Queensland, Gordon Creek area, Claudie River Distr., 30. June 1982, M.A. Schneider, G. Daniels” (QM); 1 ex., “Australia, Queensland, 10 km NW Archer River Crossing 13°22'S, 142°54'E, 30. April 1989, mv lamp, G. & A. Daniels” (QM); 2 exs., “Australia, Queensland, Saibai Island, 6. February 1986, 09.23S, 142.40E, at light, Houston, Hamacek” (QDPIB); 1 ex., “Australia, Queensland, St. Pauls Moa Island, 10.–16. Febr. 1986, at light, K. Houston, E. Hamacek” (QDPIB); 1 ex., “Australia, Queensland, CYP Batavia Downs, 12.40S 142.40E, 3. March 1993, 10.III.1993, at light, I. Cunningham” (QDPIB); 2 exs., “Australia, Queensland, Cow Bay N of Daintree, 25.1.–7.2.1984, I. C. Cunningham” (QDPIB); 1 ex., “Australia, Queensland, 15 km WNW of South Johnstone, 7. Jan. 1986, light trap, Halfpapp (QDPIB); 1 ex., “Australia, Queensland, 15 km WNW of South Johnstone, 1.XI.1985, light trap, Fay, Halfpapp” (QDPIB); 2 exs., “Australia, Queensland, Mossman River, 5. January 1984, light trap, J.D. Brown” (QDPIB); 2 exs., “Australia, Queensland, 23 km E of Mareeba, 29. Jan. 1989, at light, R.I. Storey” (QDPIB); 1 ex., “Australia, Queensland, Walkamin, 20. March 1984, light trap, J.D. Brown” (QDPIB); 1 ex., “Australia, Queensland, Tolga, 14. Feb. 1986, light trap, J.D. Brown” (QDPIB); 2 exs., “Australia Qld., Helenvale, 3. 12. 1988 (UV light), Vr. R. Bejšák lgt.” (NMPC); 1 ex., “N Queensland, 14.1.2000, Kuranda, Sv. Bílý leg.” (NMPC); 2 exs., “N Queensland, 17.1.2000, Laura, Sv. Bílý leg.” (NMPC); 3 exs., “N Queensland, 22.1.2000, Undara, Sv. Bílý leg.” (NMPC).Indonesia: Papua: 36 males, 43 females, “Indonesia: Papua, Merauke, Wasur, pools, 20 m, 15–16.x.2011 UNCEN (PAP02)” . Papua New Guinea: 1 male, “Papua New Guinea: Western Province, Balimo, 0 m, 9.–11.xi.2008, 08.01.823S 142.57.458E, Posman (PNG185)”, “DNA M.Balke 3806” [green printed label] (ZSM).Body shape: In dorsal view oblong oval, broadest at midlength of elytra, moderately convex. Body outline, without discontinuity between pronotum and elytra. Head relatively broad; anterior margin of clypeus not bordered. Pronotum broadest between posterior angles, lateral margins moderately curved. Base of elytra as broad as pronotal base; lateral margins of elytra moderately curved  ferruginous; appendages testaceous , Northern Territories and Queensland south to Brisbane and Stradbroke Island Fig. .In this study, the species is recorded for the first time from southern New Guinea .C.clarki can be found in almost all lentic habitat types, in open country as well as forested areas ”.C.daemeli, neither in Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris (MNHN) nor in the NHMUK. Copelatusdaemeli is originally a manuscript name of Wehncke. The depository of many of Wehncke’s types is unknown, but those which were found and studied are mostly stored in the MNHN. The identity of the species is quite clear and it cannot be confused with any other Australian (or New Guinean) species, therefore the designation of a neotype is not necessary and simply refers to undoubted identity of the species in the revision of We were not able to find the type material of Western Australia: 1 ex., “Wyndham-East Kimberley, Mitchell Plateau  23/9/1982 BV Timms”, “25001777” (SAMA); 1 ex., “AUSTRALIA/WA/ Shire of Wyndham-East Kimberley, Gibb River Road, King Edward River Crossing, 280 m, 15.6.1999, Hendrich leg./Coll./Loc. 10/110” (CLH). Northern Territory: 1 ex., “Australia: NT, Finnis River 10 km W Batchelor, 43 m, 20.VIII.2006, 13.01.278S 130.57.217E, L. & E. Hendrich leg. (NT 2)”, “DNA M. Balke 2523” [green printed label] (ZSM); 1 ex., “Australia: NT, Litchfield NP, Greenant Creek E Tolmer Falls, 51 m, 21.VIII.2006, 13.12.126S 130.42.173E, L. & E. Hendrich leg. (NT 6)”, “DNA M. Balke 1607” [green printed label] (ZSM); 1 ex., “Australia: NT, Kakadu NP, small creek on the road to Gunlom, 101 m, 25.VIII.2006, 13.30.422S 132.26.191E, L. & E. Hendrich leg. (NT 16)”, “DNA M. Balke 1603” [green printed label] (ZSM); 6 exs., “Australia, NT, Litchfield NP, Florence Falls, 12°51'15"S, 132°45'16"E, 63 m, at light, 12.V.2006, leg. Berger & Dostal (5/06)” (CGH); 1 ex., “Australia, NT, Darwin, 12°51'24"S, 131°46'48"E, 52 m, at light, leg. Berger & Dostal (2/06)” (CGW); 8 exs., “Australia NT/ Old Stuart Hwy, Scenic Drive, Robin Falls, Creek, 50 m, 7.7.1999, Hendrich leg. Loc. 37/137” (CLH); 1 ex., “Australia NT/Litchfield N.P., Florence Falls Camping Area, 120 m, 4.11.1996 13°06.705'S, 130°47.220'E L. Hendrich leg./Lok. 16” (CLH); 1 male, “Australia, N.T./Kakadu N.P., Gunlom Camp. Area, pool in Monsoonal Forest, ca. 50 m, 3.11.1996, 13°26.082'S, 132°24.929'E L. Hendrich leg./Lok. 15” (NMW); 1 ex., “Australia, N.T./Kakadu N.P., Mary River District, Gunlom Camping Area, 50 m, 3.11.1996, 13°26.082'S, 132°24.929'E L. Hendrich leg./Lok. 15” (CLH); 1 ex., “Australia, Northern Territory, Tiwi Islands (S), Tiwi Cobourg, Melville Island, , 4.2.1968, Matthews, E. leg.” (ANIC); 1 ex., “NT Darwin  13/5/1963 CHS Watts”, “25-008438” (SAMA); 2 exs., “Australia NT Darwin Holmes Jungle Pk uv lt Dec2/93 S Peck” (ZSM). Queensland: 1 ex., “Australia, QLD, Cape York Peninsula, Lockerbie  31.3.1964, Common, I.F.B. & Upton, M.S. leg.” (ANIC); 1 ex., “Australia, Queensland, Iron Range Cape York Pen., 26. May 1971-2. June 1971, B.K. Cantrell” (QM); 1 ex., “QLD, Townsville , 6-11/2/ 1998, AJ Watts”, “25-001789” (SAMA); 3 exs., “QLD, Heathlands, Cook , at light 16/03/1994 Zborowski, P.”, “25-023758-978” (ANIC); 4 exs., “QLD, Heathlands, Cook Pappan Creek , at light 18/02/1994 Zborowski, P.”, “25-023756-974” (ANIC); 2 exs., “QLD Cook Iron Range  11/05/1971 JG Brooks”, “25-019347-156” (ANIC); 1 ex., “QLD Burster Creek , open forest, at light, 17/10/1992 Weir, T.A. & Zborowski, P.”, “25-019372-244” (ANIC).Body shape: In dorsal view, narrowly elongate, broadest at midlength of elytra. Body outline with small discontinuity between pronotum and elytra. Head relatively broad; anterior margin of clypeus not bordered. Pronotum broadest in middle, lateral margins moderately curved. Base of elytra as broad as pronotal base; lateral margins of elytra moderately curved , have 11 fully developed elytral striae. Fig. .C.daemeli  resembles C.bakewelli but differs in the lack of short striae on the pronotum, the larger size, and the less developed and often shortened and reduced elytral striae in most of the specimens. Furthermore, both species can easily be separated by the form of the median lobe.On the first view Endemic. The species is distributed from the Kimberley region in Western Australia, over Northern Territory  to coastal Queensland (Cape York Peninsula) south to Townsville Fig. . Always C.daemeli is not well-known. The few specimens have been collected mainly in seasonal habitats, preferably in forested areas. Several specimens were obtained from isolated pools of intermittent creeks and streams, and pools adjacent to streams in eucalypt or tropical woodland ; 3 exs., “AUSTRALIA/WA/Shire of Wyndham – East Kimberley, Gibb River Raod, Barnett River Gorge, 16°32'15.17"S, 126°7'30.43"E, 450 m, 19.6.1999, Hendrich leg. Loc. 17/117” (CLH); 7 exs., “WA Palm Springs 9/09/2001, JSC” (DPAW); 4 exs., “WA Warrie Springs 8/09/2001 MDS” (DPAW); 4 exs., “AUSTRALIA WA, Mt Fanny 08/07/1969, Giles 50 mi 180, 25°47'S, 128°35'E, Giuliani D.D. leg.” (WAM); 3 exs., “AUSTRALIA WA, Synnot Range 01/09/1969, 16°25'S, 125°28'E, Giuliani D.D. leg.” (WAM); 1 ex., “AUSTRALIA/WA, Gill Pinnacle, 10/07/1969, 24°54'S, 128°47'E, Giuliani D.D. leg.” (WAM); 2 exs., “AUSTRALIA/WA, Charnley River, 25 mi E Beverley Springs, 09/09/1969, 16°15'S, 125°26'E, Giuliani D.D. leg.” (WAM); 4 exs., “AUSTRALIA/ WA, Nullagine  19.–20.1.1974, Douglas A.M. & M.J. leg.” (WAM); 2 exs., “AUSTRALIA/WA, Marandoo Camp, at light, 22°38'S, 118°06'E, 5.–19.5.1980, Houston, T.F. et al. leg.” (WAM); 1 ex., “AUSTRALIA/WA, Lyons River, Mt Augustus, at light, 24°19'12"S, 116°49'48"E, 2.–3-IX.1980, Howard, C.A. & Houston, T.F. leg.” (WAM); 1 ex., “Western Australia, Pilbara, Ashburton (S), Millstream, Deep Reach , 8.11.1970, Britton, E.B.” (ANIC); 1 ex., “Australia, WA, Pilbara, Hamersley Range, 17 km S Auski Roadhouse, Fig. Tree Crossing 400 m, 28.8.2002, 22°32'S, 118°44'E, Hendrich leg. (Loc. WA 9/173)” (CLH); 2 exs., “Australia, WA, Pilbara, Hamersley Range, Karijini N.P., Dales Gorge [Fortescue Falls and Circular Pool], 400 m, 28.8.2002, 22°29'S, 118°35'E, Hendrich leg. (Loc. WA 10/174)” (CLH); 2 exs., “Australia, WA, Pilbara, Hamersley Range, Karijini N.P., Kalamina Gorge, 450 m, 29.8.2002, 22°25'S, 118°23'E, Hendrich leg. (Loc. WA 11/175)” (CLH); 1 ex., “Australia, WA, Pilbara, Hamersley Range, Karijini N.P., Knox Gorge, 450 m, 29.8.2002, 22°21'S, 118°18'E, Hendrich leg. (Loc. WA 12/176)” (CLH). 1 ex., “W AUSTRALIA, E-Pilbara, Weeli Wolli Springs, 22°54.886'S, 119°12.661'E, 555 m, xi.2001, M. Häckel leg.” (NMPC). Northern Territory: 12 exs., “Australia NT, Trephina Gorge, East MacDonnell Ranges , October 1972, leg. M. Baehr” ; 1 ex., “Australia, NT, Litchfield NP, Florence Falls, 12°51'15"S, 132°45'16"E, 63 m, at light, 12.V.2006, leg. Berger & Dostal (5/06)” (CGW); 2 exs., “Australia, NT, 80 km W Roper Bar, 14°54'19"S, 133°57'28"E, 78 m, at light, 14.V.2006, leg. Berger & Dostal (7/06)” (CGW); 1 ex., “Australia, NT, 40 km v. Port Roper, 14°54'04.8"S, 135°03'24.7"E, 134 m, 15.V.2006, leg. Berger & Dostal” (CGW); 1 male, “Australia, N.T./Kakadu N.P., Jim Jim District, Barramundie Gorge, Maguk, 50 m, 31.10.1996, 13°18.823'S, 132°26.198'E. L. Hendrich leg./ Lok. 9” (NMW); 8 males, 4 females, “Australia, N.T./Kakadu N.P., Gunlom Camp. Area, pool in Monsoonal Forest, ca. 50 m, 3.11.1996, 13°26.082'S, 132°24.929'E L. Hendrich leg./Lok. 15” (NMW); 1 male “Thorey 1867” [partly hw], “Nov: Holl: bor:” [hw], “Coll. Mus. Vindob.” (NHW). 2 exs., “Australia: NT, Litchfield NP, TJAYNERA FALLS, 13°15'S, 130°44'E, 63 m, S. Jákl leg., 20–27.XI.2008” (NMPC); 1 ex., “Australia: NT, Victoria Highway, 110 km to KUNUNURRA, 15°57'S, 129°33'E, 76 m, S. Jákl leg., 30.XI.2008” (NMPC); 1 ex., “Australia: NT, Nitmiluk NP, Edit Falls, 14°10'S, 132°06'E, 37 m, S. Jákl leg., 3.XII.2008” (NMPC); 1 ex., “Australia: NT, 70 km SW of Mataranka, 15°1'S, 132°50'E, 190 m, S. Jákl leg., 22.–23.XII.2008” (NMPC); 2 exs., “Australia NT, 25 km S of Katherine, 168 m, 14°31'S, 132°25'E, 16.–17.1.2009, Sv. Bílý leg.” (NMPC). Queensland: 2 exs., “AUSTRALIA, QLD. Mulgrave R, nr The Fisheries Nov. 9/90 Larson” (ZSM); 3 exs., “AUSTRALIA QLD. McLeod R nr base Windsor Tableland Nov. 12/90 Larson” (ZSM); 4 exs., “Australia S QLD, N Stradbroke Island, creek @Trans-island Rd. 1 km SE Brown Lake, 18.X.2014, 27°30'8.43"S, 153°26'10.78"E, Lars Hendrich leg. (QLD2/14)” (NMW); 1 ex., “QL, 35–47 km SWW Mt. Gamet, 31.I.-4.II.2012, leg. S. Prebsl” (CGW); 11 exs., “Australia, QL, Ravenshoe, 90 km W Innisfail, 900 m, 20.I.1993, leg. G. Wewalka (16)” (CGW); 18 exs., “Australia, QL, Greenvale, 150 km NW Charters Towers, 600 m, 19.I.1993, leg. G. Wewalka (12–14)” (CGW); 6 exs., “Australia QLD/30 km NNW Mareeba, near Mitchell Lake, 9.11. 1996 Hendrich leg./Lok. 20” (CLH); 6 exs., „Australia: S QLD, 40 km E Bundaberg, Tusky Creek, 9 m, 26.IX.2006, 24.39.139S 152.01.477E, L. & E. Hendrich leg. (QLD 52)” (ZSM); 6 exs., “Australia: C QLD, 18 km S Calen, Mt. Charlton-Calen Road, Boulder Creek, 42 m, 23.IX.2006, 21.00.365S 148.43.231E, L. & E. Hendrich leg. (QLD 45)” (ZSM); 3 exs., “Australia: C QLD, 10 km S Mizani, Lake Kinchant, seapage, 48 m, 24.IX.2006, 21.11.580S 148.53.522E, L. & E. Hendrich leg. (QLD 46)” (ZSM); 11 exs., “Australia: C QLD, Paluma Road 4 km W Bruce Hwy, Maiden Hair Fern Crk., 270 m, 20.IX.2006, 19.00.162S 146.17.070E, L. & E. Hendrich leg. (QLD 40)”, 4 specimens with “DNA Balke 1863”, “DNA Balke 1864”, “DNA Balke 2140”, “DNA Balke 2141” [green printed labels] ; 2 exs., “Australia: S QLD, Winfield, Winfield Road, forest pool, 21 m, 26.IX.2006, 24.34.084S 152.00.513E, L. & E. Hendrich leg. (QLD 54)” (CLH); 1 ex., “Queensland, Pt. Denison ” (ANIC); 1 ex., “Queensland, North Burnett (R) Gayndah, ” (ANIC); 1 ex., “Queensland Tablelands, N side of Lake Tinaroo, 9.11.1966 , Britton, E.B.” (ANIC). 1 ex., “Queensland, Tablelands, Mt. Lewis, tin working site, 3.12.1968 , Britton, E.B. & Misko, S.” (ANIC); 1 ex., “Queensland, Townsville (C), Mt. Spec, 5.1.1965, -18.95, 146.1833333, Brooks, J.G.” (ANIC); 1 ex., “Queensland Rockhampton (R) Pistol Gap, Byfield, 10.1.1970 , Britton, Holloway & Misko” (ANIC); 1 ex., “Queensland, 9 miles W of Paluma, Charters Towers (R), 15.4.1969 , Common, I.F.B. & Upton, M.S.” (ANIC); 1 ex., “North Queensland, Magnetic Island , Lea, A.M.” (ANIC); 1 ex., “Queensland Tablelands (R) Mary Creek , 4.12.1968 Britton, E.B. & Misko, S.” (ANIC); 1 ex., “Queensland, Townsville , 26.3.1968  Ferrar, P.” (ANIC); 1 ex., “Queensland, Cardstone, 16.12.1965  Hyde, K.” (ANIC); 1 ex., “Queensland, Townsville  , 21.12.1967, Ferrar, P.” (ANIC); 1 ex., “Queensland Tablelands (R), Mary Creek, 5.12.1968  Britton, E.B. & Misko, S.” (ANIC); 1 ex., “QLD, Magnetic Island , A.M. Lea”, “K.215158” (AMS); 1 ex., “Queensland  K.K. Spence”, “K.215159” (AMS); 1 ex., “Queensland  T.G. Sloane”, “K.215160” (AMS); 1 ex., “Queensland Magnetic Island  A.M. Lea”, “K.215161” (AMS); 1 ex., “Queensland Hayman Island  Jan 1935, F.A. McNeil”, “K.215162” (AMS); 1 ex., “Australia Queensland , “K.215163” (AMS); 1 ex., “Australia Queensland, The Rock Pool, Carnarvon NP  26 Apr 2006, at MV lamp, D.R. Britton, J.R. Weiner, “K.363072” (AMS); 1 ex., “Australia, Queensland, Tewah Creek via Tin Can Bay, 17. October 1970, T. Weir” (QM); 1 ex., “Australia, Queensland, Baldy Mt. Road, 6 miles SW Atherton, 1100 m, 27. December 1972, B.K.Cantrell” (QM); 1 ex., “Australia, Queensland, Bald Hills Station 4 km N of Isabella Falls, 15°15' 145°00', 29. December 1984, mv lamp, G. & A. Daniels” (QM); 2 exs., “Australia, Queensland, Kenilworth State Forest, via Kenilworth, 20. October 1972, B.K. & J.A. Cantrall” (QM); 4 exs. “Australia, Queensland, Davies Creek via Mareeba, 27. Nov. 1981, R.I. Storey” (QDPIB); 2 exs., “Australia Queensland, Walkamin, 20. March 1984, light trap, J.D. Brown” (QDPIB); 1 ex., “Australia, Queensland Danbulla S.F. via Yungaburra, 13. February 1992, at light, Storey, De Faveri & Huwer” (QDPIB); 1 ex., “Australia, Queensland, 10. Dec. 1985, 15 km WNW of South Johnstone, light trap, Fay & Halfpapp” (QDPIB); 1 ex., “Australia, Queensland, 9. IX. 1985, 15 km WNW of South Johnstone, light trap, Fay & Halfpapp” (QDPIB); 4 exs., “Australia, Queensland, 23 km E of Mareeba, 29. January 1989, at light, R.I. Storey” (QDPIB); 2 exs., “Australia, Queensland, Tolga, 10. December 1982, light trap, J.D. Brown” (QDPIB); 1 ex., “Australia, Queensland”, Paluma, 9.–13. January 1989, light trap, rainforest, R.I. Storey (QDPIB); 1 ex., “Australia, Queensland, Windsor Tableland, 16. December 1984, at light, R.I. Storey (QDPIB); 1 ex., “Australia, Queensland, Garradunga, 17. December 1992, J. Hasenpusch” (QDPIB); 1 ex., “Australia, Queensland, Mt. Mulligen Plateau, 700 m, 15.–19. IV. 1985, at light, K.H. Halfpapp” (QDPIB); 1 ex., “Australia, Queensland, Yam Island 24–27 March 1988, at light, Fay, Halfpapp” (QDPIB); 1 ex., “Australia, Queensland, Pinnarendi Station 60 km W of Mt. Garnet, 7. February 1989, D. Heiner” (QDPIB); 3 exs., “N Queensland, 15.1.2000, Davis Creek, Sv. Bílý leg.” (NMPC); 1 ex., “N Queensland, 29.1.–3.2.2000, The Lynd Junction, Sv. Bílý leg.” (NMPC); 6 exs., “N Queensland, 5.2.2000, Ravenshoe, Sv. Bílý leg.” (NMPC); 3 exs., “N Queensland, 13.2.2000, Undara, Sv. Bílý leg.” (NMPC).1 ex., “Tasmania, Gladstone, Dorset, A.M. Lea” (SAMA), probably mislabelled.Body shape: In dorsal view, oblong oval, broadest at midlength of elytra, moderately convex. Body outline almost continuous, with slight discontinuity between pronotum and elytra. Head relatively broad; anterior margin of clypeus not bordered. Pronotum broadest just before posterior angles, lateral margins moderately curved. Base of elytra as broad as pronotal base; lateral margins of elytra moderately curved  and strongly narrowed basally (1/3rd). Pro- and mesotarsomeres 1–3 distinctly broadened, with adhesive discs on their ventral side; claws simple.Ventral part: Finely microreticulated, with intermixed, sparsely distributed, very small punctures. Prosternal process rather flat, distinctly bordered laterally, weakly and bluntly pointed. Lateral parts of metaventrite tongue-shaped, very slender. Metacoxal lines close, well-marked and moderately divergent anteriorly. Metacoxae with some short and deep striae, abdominal ventrites 1–3 with numerous longitudinal striae.Male genitalia: Median lobe consisting of a few sclerites, well separated apically , north-western Australia (Kimberley region and the Pilbara), and Queensland south to Brisbane Fig. .C.irregularis occurs also in New Guinea, cited in According to the literature, Copelatus in tropical northern Australia. It can be found in almost all habitat types, preferably in forested areas. Most specimens were obtained from shallow water, amongst leaves and plant debris, of isolated pools of seasonal creeks and streams, and pools adjacent to streams in Eucalypt or tropical woodland. Also, a few specimens were taken from slow flowing spring-fed streams. In the Pilbara (Hendrich 2002), C.irregularis was found in different isolated and half-shaded rocky and sandy pools  of an intermittent stream. The bottom of most habitats consisted of sand and stones, with a thin layer of mud and plant debris . Paralectotypes: 1 male, 5 females, “Paralectotype” [printed label with blue frame]; “Rockhampton 675.” [printed label]; “Sharp Coll 1905-313.” [printed label]; “Type 675 Copelatusmarginatus Co-type” [hw label] (NHMUK).Western Australia: 1 ex., “Australia07, WA 50, Parrys Lagoon, Marigu Billabong, 25 km SE Wyndham, 77 m, 15.32.98S 128.15.59E, M. Baehr” (ZSM); 1 ex., “AUSTRALIA/WA, Koolan Island , VIII–IX 1967, Milton O. leg.” (WAM); 1 ex., “AUSTRALIA/WA, Derby , 2.1962, Beamish, G. leg.” (WAM); 1 ex., idem but „10.4.1964” (WAM). Northern Territory: 1 ex., “Australia, N.T. Binis Track 10.IV.2011 LF; H = 427 m 20°51'51.4"S, 135°12'01.6"E leg. Michael Langer” (ZSM); 1 ex., “Australia, NT, 80 km W Roper Bar, 14°54'19"S, 133°57'28"E, 78 m, at light, 14.V.2006, leg. Berger & Dostal (7/06)” (CGW); 1 ex., “Australia, NT, Kakadu NP, Muirella, 40 m, at light, 10.V.2006, leg. Berger & Dostal (3/06)” (CGW); 1 ex., “Katherine (T) Vestjens, 1.12.1967 , W.J.M. Tindal” (ANIC); 1 ex., “Katherine , 9.2.1968, Watson, J.A.L.” (ANIC); 1 ex., “Howard Springs 27.01.1968  Watson, J.A.L.” (ANIC); 1 ex., “Northern Territory Katherine , 6.2.1968, Matthews, E.” (ANIC); 1 ex., “Northern Territory, Lee Point, Darwin , 7.3.1967, Upton, M.S.” (ANIC); 1 ex., “Northern Territory, Roper Gulf (S), Mataranka , 1.3.1967, Upton, M.S.” (ANIC); 1 ex., “NT Davenport Murchison Ranges, Barkly (S), 15 miles N of Tennant Ck. , 27.2.1967, Upton, M.S.” (ANIC); 1 ex., “NT Brock Creek, Burnside [Brocks Creek] , 27.3.1929, Campbell, T.G.” (ANIC); 1 ex., “Howard Springs, Litchfield (M) , 27.1.1968, Matthews, E.” (ANIC); 1 ex., “Australia N.T. Kununurra m 50 23.VIII.1996 P.M. Giachino legit” (CLH); 1 ex., “Australia N.T. Umbrawarra Gorge Campground, ca. 40 km S Pine Creek, 27.IV.–18.V.2009, S 13°58'01.4"S, 131°41'57.2"E, 163 m, NF, leg. M. Langer” (CLH); 2 exs.,“Australia: N.T./ ca. 30 km S Daly Waters und ca. 90 km N Elliott am Stuart Hwy 04.IV.2011 LF H = 269 m 16°46'38.8"S, 133°25'53.8"E leg. Michael Langer” (CLH); 11 exs., “Australia: NT, Litchfield NP, TJAYNERA FALLS, 13°15'S, 130°44'E, 63 m, S. Jákl leg., 20–27.XI.2008” (NMPC); 5 exs., “AUSTRALIA: NT, 25 km S of KATHERINE, rd to Kununurra, 14°44'S, 132°01'E, 100 m, S. Jákl leg., 17.–31.XII.2008” (NMPC); 12 exs., “AUSTRALIA: NT, 25 km S of KATHERINE, nr Cutta Cutta caves, 14°31'S, 132°25'E, 168 m, S. Jákl leg., 23.–31.XII.2008” (NMPC); 1 ex., “Australia: NT, Nitmiluk NP, Edit Falls, 14°10'S, 132°06'E, 37 m, S. Jákl leg., 3.XII.2008” (NMPC); 2 exs., “AUSTR. NT, Mataranka, 14°53'S, 132°01'E, 18.12.08, 148 m, Sv. Bílý leg.” (NMPC); 70 exs., “Australia: NT, 70 km SW of Mataranka, 15°19'S, 132°50'E, 190 m, S. Jákl leg., 22.–23.XII.2008” (NMPC); 1 ex., “AUSTRALIA: NT, West Macdonnell Range NP, SIMPSON GAP, 23°40'S, 133°43'E, 600 m, S. Jákl leg., 3.–5.I.2009” (NMPC). Queensland: 1 ex., “Cardstone , 16.12.1965, Hyde, K.” (ANIC); 1 ex., “Mary Creek , 4.12.1968, Britton, E.B. & Misko, S.” (ANIC); 1 ex., “Cairns  Taylor, F.H.” (ANIC); 1 ex., “Queensland, Whitsunday, Mimosa Motel, 3 m. S Bowen , 23.3.1967, Brooks, J.G.” (ANIC); 1 ex., “Townsville , Taylor, F.H.” (ANIC); 36 exs., “Australia/Queensland 30 km E Normanton riverside at light, 1.1996, S. Lamond leg. Coll. Hendrich” (CLH); 31 exs., “Australia/ Queensland 20 km E of Normanton February 1996, at light, Steven Lamond leg. Coll. L.Hendrich” (CLH); 4 exs., “Bowen N.Q. 23/III/1962 A. & M. Walford-Huggins” (CLH); 10 exs., “Australia, QL, Rollingstone, 20 km NW Townsville, 20 m, 17.I.1993, leg. G. Wewalka (7)” (CGW); 3 exs., “Australia, QL, Dalrymple, 30 km N Charters Towers, 300 m, 18.I.1993, leg. G. Wewalka ” (CGW); 1 ex., “QL, 15 km S Ogmore, 24.I.2012, leg. S. Prepsl” (CGW); 3 exs., “Australia, Queensland, Horn Islet, Sir Edward Pellew Group, 15. February 1968-21. February 1964, B. Cantrell” (QM); 1 ex., “Australia, Queensland, Iron Range, Cape York 23. April 1966, G. Monteith” (QM); 2 exs., “Australia, Queensland, CYP Batavia Downs, 12.40S, 142.40E, 3. March 1993-10. March 1993, at light, I. Cunningham” (QDPIB); 6 exs., “Australia, Queensland, Tolga, 26. Jan.–31. Jan. 1981, at light, N. Gough” (QDPIB); 1 ex., “Australia, Queensland, Burketown 31. Jan. 1992, at light, B.M. Waterhouse, J.F. Grimshaw” (QDPIB); 1 ex., “Australia, Queensland Danbulla S.F. via Yungaburra 13. February 1992 at light, Storey, De Faveri & Huwer” (QDPIB); 1 ex., “Australia, Queensland, Normanton, 4. September 1982, at light, R.I. Storey” (QDPIB); 1 ex., “Australia Queensland Kauri Creek, Para Grass, 30. August 1995, B. Hebert” (QDPIB); 1 ex., “Australia, Queensland, Ingham, 6. March 1984 at light, K.H. Halfpapp” (QDPIB); 4 exs., “AUSTRALIA Qld. Windsor Tableland Feb 6-8/91 Larson & Storey” (ZSM); 2 exs., “N Queensland, 14.1.2000, Kuranda, Sv. Bílý leg.” (NMPC); 1 ex., “N Queensland, 9.2.2000, Kuranda, Sv. Bílý leg.” (NMPC); 1 ex., “N Queensland, 7.2.2000, Mt. Carbine, Sv. Bílý leg.” (NMPC); 1 ex., “N Queensland, 13.2.2000, Undara, Sv. Bílý leg.” (NMPC).Body shape: In dorsal view oval, almost ovoid, broadest in basal third of elytra, moderately convex. Body outline without discontinuity between pronotum and elytra. Head relatively broad; anterior margin of clypeus truncate. Pronotum broadest between posterior angles, lateral margins moderately curved. Base of elytra as broad as pronotal base; lateral margins of elytra moderately curved  paler, ventral side and appendages testaceous  and West Samoa by C.marginatus was reported from Samoa (Upolu), Fiji (Viti Levu and Vanua Levu) and New Guinea  by Balfour-Browne (1945: 106 and 113) which was repeated by some later authors  Fig. . Additio authors : 51. TheC.marginatus is often attracted in larger numbers to light . In north-eastern Queensland, the species was collected in a small roadside pool and in isolated pools in seasonal fingertip tributary streams, all in closed forest , Central Province, Papua New Guinea Central, 50 m, Holotype: Male, “Papua New Guinea Central, Moreguina, 18.viii.2008 Posman (PNG184)” [printed label]; “Holotype Copelatusmartinbaehri sp.n. Hendrich, Shaverdo, Hajek & Balke des. 2019 [red printed label] (ZSM). Paratypes (23 specimens): Australia: 7 exs., “12.445S, 143.14E QLD 3 km ENE Mt. Tozer 28June–4July 1986 D.H.Colless Malaise Trap” “ANIC Database No. 25 019356” [printed label]; “Aust. Nat. Ins. Coll.” [green printed label] ; 1 male, “N. Queensland IRON RANGE Gordon's CK.  10.5.71 at light leg: J.G. Brooks” [hw on both label sides], “COLL. HENDRICH BERLIN” (NMW); 1 male, 1 female, “Gordon's CK  Iron RA [Range] N.Q. [North Queensland] 100' [100 m] 10.5.71 J.G. Brooks “at light” (CLH); 1 female, “Iron RA N.Q. 4.5.71 J.G. Brooks “at light” (CLH); 2 females, “Iron Range, Cape York Pen., N.-Qld 26 May–2 June 1971 B.K. Cantrell” (QM); 2 males, 2 females, “Iron Range, Cape York Pen. N.Q. 13.–20.V.1975 K.J. Houston At light” . Papua New Guinea: 1 male, 1 female, same data as holotype, one male additionally with a green label “DNA M.Balke 3803” (ZSM). 2 females, “Papua New Guinea: Central, Moreguina, 16.viii.2008 Posman (PNG183)” [printed label] (ZSM). 1 male, “Papua New Guinea: Northern Kokoda, 410 m, i.2008, 53.4[?]81S 147 43.648E, Posman, (PNG 174)” (ZSM). All paratypes with our red printed labels.Body shape: In dorsal view, oblong-oval, broadest in basal third of elytra, moderately convex. Body outline without discontinuity between pronotum and elytra. Head relatively broad; anterior margin of clypeus not bordered. Pronotum broadest between posterior angles, lateral margins moderately curved. Base of elytra as broad as pronotal base; lateral margins of elytra moderately curved  and strongly narrowed basally (1/3rd). Pro- and mesotarsomeres 1–3 slightly broadened, with adhesive discs on their ventral side; claws simple.Ventral part: Finely microreticulated, with intermixed, sparsely distributed, very small punctures. Prosternal process rather flat, distinctly bordered laterally, weakly and bluntly pointed. Lateral parts of metaventrite tongue-shaped, very slender. Metacoxal lines close, well-marked and moderately divergent anteriorly. Metacoxae with long and deep striae, abdominal ventrite I with numerous striae and ventrites 2–3 with a few longitudinal striae.Male genitalia: Median lobe sickle-shaped, narrow, simple; in ventral view, appearing somewhat flattened; in lateral view, apically tapering and strongly curved downwards  and C.subterraneus Guéorguiev, 1978 (of the C.irinus species group) and several additional undescribed species, both from the C.irinus group  and the C.trilobatus group . All those species are rather uniform in body shape and colouration; they differ in elytral striation  and less so in the shape of the median lobe in lateral view, especially in the width of the medial part and in length and curvature of the apical part. Copelatusmartinbaehri sp. nov. differs from the other species of this complex by the shape of the median lobe, which has the central part in lateral view broader, but without distinct tubercle on the ventral side; additionally, the apical part is shorter and almost straight .Based on the characteristic sickle-shaped median lobe, the new species belongs to a difficult complex of species distributed in the Sunda Islands and New Guinea, including Copelatusmartinbaehri sp. nov. can be easily distinguished by its larger size , more elongate habitus , elytral colouration , and the shape of the median lobe.Within other Australian species with six elytral striae, This species is dedicated in honour of our late colleague Dr Martin Baehr , coleopterist, arachnologist, and others as well as the most knowledgeable authority for Australian ground beetles. The specific epithet is a substantive in the genitive case.Northern Queensland  and south-eastern Papua New Guinea  Fig. .Unknown. Most probably, the new species is an inhabitant of temporary lowland rainforest pools. The type specimens were collected in a Malaise Trap and at light.Taxon classificationAnimaliaColeopteraDytiscidaeSharp, 1882087BF126-E5A4-5390-BB17-28742D32DD9FCopelatusnigrolineatus“Australia, ”.Lectotype . Paralecotypes: 1 male and 3 females, “Paralectotype” [round printed label with blue frame], “Cotype” [roundish label with yellow frame], “Port Denison 677” [hw label], “Sharp Coll. 1905-313” [printed label], “Copelatusnigrolineatus Sharp Cotype” [hw label] (NHMUK).Western Australia: 43 exs., “AUSTRALIA/WA/Shire of Wyndham – East Kimberley, Great Northern Hwy, 50 km S Wyndham, Black Flag Creek, 15°52'1.22"S, 128°21'49.97"E, 50 m, 13.6.1999, Hendrich leg. (Loc. 4/104)” ; 10 exs., “AUSTRALIA/WA/Shire of Wyndham – East Kimberley, Gibb River Road, Durack River Crossing, 15°56'28.73"S, 127°13'9.01"E, 250 m, 13.6.1999, Hendrich leg. (Loc. 6/106)” (CLH); 7 exs., “AUSTRALIA/WA/Shire of Wyndham - East Kimberley, Gibb River Road, Drysdale River Crossing, 15°41'2.91"S, 126°22'42.53"E, 380 m, 14.6.1999, Hendrich leg. Loc. 9/109” (CLH); 3 exs., “AUSTRALIA/WA/Shire of Wyndham – East Kimberley, Gibb River Road, King Edward River Crossing, 14°54'10.13"S, 126°12'2.85"E, 280 m, 15.6.1999, Hendrich leg. Loc. 10/110” (CLH); 5 exs., “AUSTRALIA/WA/Shire of Wyndham – East Kimberley, Mitchell Plateau, Surveyors Pool, 14°40'26.54"S, 125°43'56.79"E, 150 m, 17.6.1999, Hendrich leg. Loc. 12/112” (CLH); 19 exs., “AUSTRALIA/WA/Shire of Wyndham – East Kimberley, Gibb River Road, 10 km E Hann River, Snake Creek, 16°30'50.92"S, 126°21'19.53"E, 470 m, 19.6.1999, Hendrich leg. Loc. 16/116” (CLH); 3 exs., “AUSTRALIA/WA/Shire of Wyndham - East Kimberley, Gibb River Raod, Barnett River Gorge, 16°32'15.17"S, 126°7'30.43"E, 450 m, 19.6.1999, Hendrich leg. Loc. 17/117” (CLH); 5 exs., “AUSTRALIA/WA/Shire of Derby – West Kimberley, Gibb River Road, King Leopold Range, 500 m, 5 km NW Mount Bell, intermit. creek, 17°9'43.80"S, 125°18'33.00"E, 23.6.1999, Hendrich leg. Loc. 22/122” (CLH); 6 exs., “AUSTRALIA/WA/Shire of Derby-West Kimberley, Gibb River Road/ Fairfield Leopold Road, Lennard River Bridge, 17°9'48.49"S, 125°13'36.53"E, 50 m, 24.6.1999, Hendrich leg. Loc. 23/123” (ZSM); 6 exs., “AUSTRALIA/ WA/Shire of Halls Creek, Old Halls Creek, Elvire River, 18°14'50.04"S, 127°46'45.39"E, 310 m, 27.6.1999, Hendrich leg. Loc. 28/128” (CLH); 3 exs., “AUSTRALIA/WA, Charnley River, 25 mi E Beverley Springs, 16°15'S, 125°26'E, 9.9.1969, Giuliani, D.D. leg.” (WAM); 1 ex., “Kimberley Research Station, Kununurra nr. Wyndham , 27.11.1956” (ANIC); 1 ex., “Western Australia, Pilbara, Millstream , 3.11.1970, Britton, E.B.” (ANIC); 1 ex., “WA Muccangarra Pool 19/10/2008” (DPAW); 7 exs., “WA Mungajee Pool 14/10/2008” (DPAW); 1 ex., “Australia, WA, Pilbara, Hamersley Range, 17 km S Auski Roadhouse, Fig. Tree Crossing 400 m, 28.8.2002, 22°32'S, 118°44'E, Hendrich leg. (Loc. WA 9/173)” (CLH); 1 ex., “Australia, WA, Pilbara, Hamersley Range, Karijini N.P., Dales Gorge [Fortescue Falls and Circular Pool], 400 m, 28.8.2002, 22°29'S, 118°35'E, Hendrich leg. (Loc. WA 10/174)” (CLH); 3 exs., “Australia, WA, Pilbara, Hamersley Range, Karijini N.P., Kalamina Gorge, 450 m, 29.8.2002, 22°25'S, 118°23'E, Hendrich leg. (Loc. WA 11/175)”, two specimens with “DNA Balke 3360”, “DNA Balke 3361” [green printed label] (CLH); 1 ex., “Australia, WA, Pilbara, Hamersley Range, Karijini N.P., Knox Gorge, 450 m, 29.8.2002, 22°21'S, 118°18'E, Hendrich leg. (Loc. WA 12/176)” (CLH); 2 exs., “Australia, WA, Pilbara, De Grey River, River Crossing Hwy. No. 1, 72 km E of Port Hedland, 20 m, 24.8.2002, 20°10'S, 119°11'E, Hendrich leg. (Loc. WA 1/165)” (CLH); 15 exs., “Australia, WA, Pilbara, Yule River, River Crossing Camping Area at Hwy. No. 1, 53 km SW of Port Hedland, 20 m, 24.8.2002, 20°41'S, 118°17'E, Hendrich leg. (Loc. WA 2/166)” (CLH); 1 ex., „Australia, WA, Pilbara, Millstream Chichester N.P., McKenzie Springs, 200 m, 25.8.2002, 21°18'S, 117°12'E, Hendrich leg. (Loc. WA 3/167)” (CLH); 28 exs., “Australia, WA, Pilbara, Millstream Chichester N.P., Gregory Gorge, Palm Pool at River Crossing, 26.8.2002, 21°33'S, 117°03'E, Hendrich leg. (Loc. WA 5/169)” (CLH); 3 exs., “Australia, WA, Pilbara, Millstream Chichester N.P., Fortescue River side branch, SE Visitor Centre, 26.8.2002, 21°37'S, 117°07'E, Hendrich leg. (Loc. WA 6/170)” (CLH); 2 exs., “AUSTRALIA WA, Wyndham, Parry Creek Farm, 11.X.2011, attracted to light at night, J. & S. Nunn (NMPC); 8 exs., “AU Western Australia, E-Pilbara, Weeli Wolli Spr., NW of Newman, 555 m, 22°54.886'S, 119°12.661'E, 19.–22.xi.2011, Sv. Bílý leg.” (NMPC); 1 ex., “AUSTRALIA, WEST AUSTRALIA, HALLS CREEK env., 18°11.48'S, 127°38.42'E, 26.i.2014, J.Horák leg.” (NMPC); 1 ex., “WA, E-Pilbara, Weeli Wolli Springs, NW of Newman, 555 m, 22°54.886'S, 119°12.66'E, 2005, C.H.S. Watts leg.”, DNA Balke 2654”, [green printed label] (ZSM). Northern Territory: 3 exs., “Australia: NT, Anniversary Creek, 12 km S Adelaide River Scenic Route, 43 m, 22.VIII.2006, 13.19.252S, 131.08.271E, L. & E. Hendrich leg. (NT 7)”, three specimens with: “DNA Balke 2173”, “DNA Balke 2174”, “DNA Balke 2175” [green printed labels] (ZSM); 1 ex., “Australia: NT, Nitmiluk NP, Edith Falls, Upper Pool, 123 m, 23.VIII.2006, 14.10.573S, 132.11.537E, L. & E. Hendrich leg. (NT 12)”, “DNA Balke 2165” [green printed label] (ZSM); 1 ex., “Australia: NT, Kakadu Hwy, Bowerbird Creek, 5 km W Mary River Roadh., small puddle, 20 m, 24.VIII.2006, 13.38.142S, 132.10.345E, L. & E. Hendrich leg. (NT 15a)”, “DNA Balke 1660” [green printed label] (ZSM); 1 ex., “Australia, N.T. Waterhole Ranges Owen Springs Reserve, 15.–17.IV.2011 LF; H = 600 m 24°00'33.6"S, 133°24'48.6"E leg. Michael Langer” (ZSM); 25 exs., “Australia, NT: Pungalina Homestead, 16°43'16"S, 137°24'55"E 26 Jun–8Jul 2012 T.A.Weir, N.Gunter, S.Pinzon Navarro at light, open forest by crk” (ANIC); 3 exs., “NT, 80 km W Roper Bar, 14°54'19"S, 133°57'28"E, 78 m, at light, 14.V.2006, leg. Berger & Dostal (7/06)” (CGW); 2 exs., “NT, 40 km v. Port Roper, 14°54'04.8"S, 135°03'24.7"E, 134 m, at light, 14.V.2006, leg. Berger & Dostal” (CGW); 1 ex., “NT, Katherine , 7.2.1968, Watson, J.A.L.” (ANIC); 1 ex., idem, “9.2.1968” (ANIC); 1 ex., “NT Tindal , 1.12.1967, Vestjens, W.J.M.” (ANIC); 1 ex., “Northern Territory Auvergne, Victoria River Bank , 1968, Parker, F.” (ANIC); 1 ex., “Northern Territory, Katherine , 6.2.1968, Matthews, E.” (ANIC); 1 ex., “Northern Territory Magela Ck, nr. rum pipe [Mudginberri Homestead] , 7.1.1987, Dostine, P.” (ANIC); 1 ex., “Northern Territory, Darwin Coastal, 200 m nth Magela Creek , 29.7.1984, Dostine, P.” (ANIC); 2 exs., “Australia: NT, Litchfield NP, TJAYNERA FALLS, 13°15'S, 130°44'E, 63 m, S. Jákl leg., 20–27.XI.2008” (NMPC); 1 ex., “AUSTRALIA: NT, 40 km SW of KATHERINE, rd to Kununurra, 14°44'S, 132°01'E, 100 m, S. Jákl leg., 29.XI.2008” (NMPC); 1 ex., “AUSTRALIA: NT, 25 km S of KATHERINE, nr Cutta Cutta caves, 14°31'S, 132°25'E, 168 m, S. Jákl leg., 23.–31.XII.2008” (NMPC); 1 ex., “Australia: NT, Nitmiluk NP, Edit Falls, 14°10'S, 132°06'E, 37 m, S. Jákl leg., 3.XII.2008” (NMPC); 4 exs., “Australia: NT, 70 km SW of Mataranka, 15°19'S, 132°50'E, 190 m, S. Jákl leg., 22.–23.XII.2008” (NMPC); 5 exs., “AUSTR. NT, Douglas Hot Springs, 12.12.[20]08, 13°45'S, 131°26'E, 35 m, Sv. Bílý leg.” (NMPC); 5 exs., “AUSTRALIA NT, 10 km S of Banka Banka, 18°52'S, 134°04'E, 316 m, 20.12.2008, Sv. Bílý leg.” (NMPC); 1 ex., “AUSTRALIA: NT, BANKA BANKA env., Road to Tennant Creek, 14°53'S, 132°01'E, 316 m, S. Jákl leg., 12–13.I.2009” (NMPC); 1 ex., “AUSTR. NT, 5.1.[20]09, McDonell NP, Serpent Gorge, S.Bílý leg. 715 m, 24°45'S, 132°59'E” (NMPC); 3 exs., “AUSTRALIA NT, Adelaide River township, 25–28 IX 2011, Attracted to light at night. J. Nunn” (NMPC). Queensland: 1 ex., “AUSTRALIA: Qld. 5 km W Mt. Molloy dugout Sept 29, 1990 D. Larson” (ZSM); 2 exs., “AUSTRALIA Qld. Rice field 8 km N Mareeba, Sept 20/90 D. Larson” (ZSM); 1 ex., “AUSTRALIA Qld, 30 km s Atherton stock pond Nov. 27/90 Larson (ZSM); 1 ex., “AUSTRALIA QLD. McLeod R nr base Windsor Tableland Nov. 12/90 Larson” (ZSM); 1 ex., “Mossman 11.viii.1975 R.A. Yule Acc 1150/17 to M.V.”, “QDPC 0-172703” (QDPC); 14 exs., “QL, Greenvale, 150 km NW Charters Towers, 150 m, 19.I.1993, leg. G. Wewalka (12–14)” (CGW); 3 exs., “QL, Marbeeba, 700 m, 22.I.1993, leg. G. Wewalka (19)” (CGW); 10 exs., “QL, Dalrymple, 30 km N Charters Towers, 30 m, 18.I.1993, leg. G. Wewalka ” (CGW); 1 ex., “QL, Cape York, VI.1993, leg. Uhler” (CGW); 2 exs., “QL, Richmon, 2.VII.1918, F. M.” (CGW); 1 ex., “QL, 35–47 km SWW Mt. Gamet, 31.I-4.II.2012 leg. S. Prebsl” (CGW); 1 ex., “Einasleigh Uplands Mary Creek , 4.12.1968, Britton, E.B. & Misko, S.” (ANIC); 1 ex., “QLD, Einasleigh Uplands, 7 miles SW of Mt. Garnet , 20.4.1969, Common, I.F.B. & Upton, M.S.” (ANIC); 1 ex., “Cassowary Coast (R) Cardstone , 9.3.1966 Hyde, K.” (ANIC); 1 ex., “Queensland Cairns (R), Green Hills [Green Hill] , 19.12.1967, Brooks, J.G.” (ANIC); 1 ex., “Townsville (C), Crystal Ck., 23 mi. SSE of Ingham , 9.12.1968, Misko, S. & Britton, E.” (ANIC); 1 ex., “Burdekin (S), Ayr , 4.10.1970, Muir, W.B.” (ANIC); 1 ex., “Cairns”  (ANIC); 1 ex., “Russell River at Bellenden Ker Landing , 24.10.1981 Earthwatch, Qld Museum” (ANIC); 1 ex., “Townsville  Taylor, F.H.” (ANIC); 1 ex., “Qld 7 miles NNE of Ravenshoe , 23.4.1969, Common, I.F.B. & Upton, M.S.” (ANIC); 1 ex., “Qld Mary Creek , 4.12.1968, Britton, E.B. & Misko, S.” (ANIC); 1 ex., idem, “5.12.1969” (ANIC); 9 exs., “Queensland, [Sep. 1928–July 1929] K.K.Spence”, “K.215166–K.215178” (AMS); 2 exs., “Australia: N QLD, 20 km NE Mareeba, Hodzic Road, 361 m, 12.IX.2006, 16.49.556S, 145.27.211E, L. & E. Hendrich leg. (QLD 28)” (CLH); 2 exs., “Australia: C QLD, 17 km S Calen, Mt. Charlton-Calen Road, creek, 94 m, 23.IX.2006, 21.00.201S, 148.42.546E, L. & E. Hendrich leg. (QLD 44)” (CLH); 6 exs., “Australia: C QLD, 10 km S Mizani, Lake Kinchant, seapage, 48 m, 24.IX.2006, 21.11.580S, 148.53.522E, L. & E. Hendrich leg. (QLD 46)” (ZSM); 2 exs., “Australia: S QLD, 40 km E Bundaberg, Tusky Creek, 9 m, 26.IX.2006, 24.39.139S, 152.01.477E, L. & E. Hendrich leg. (QLD 52)”; 4 exs., “Australia: C QLD, 19 km S Ayr, Bannister Lagoon at Bruce Hwy, swamp, 20 m, 21.IX.2006, 19.33.403S, 147.15.078E, L. & E. Hendrich leg. (QLD 43)” (CLH); 2 exs., “Australia: C QLD, 18 km S Calen, Mt. Charlton-Calen Road, Boulder Creek, 42 m, 23.IX.2006, 21.00.365S, 148.43.231E, L. & E. Hendrich leg. (QLD 45)” (CLH); 14 exs., “Australia, Queensland, Hann River N of Laura, 24. June 1976, J.F. Donaldson” (QDBIP); 1 ex., “Australia, Queensland, Iron Range Cape York Peninsula, 13.–20. May 1975, at light, K.J. Houston” (QDBIP); 1 ex., “Australia, Queensland, McIIwraith Range NE Coen Cape Yorke Pen., 29.VI.–5.VII.1976, J.F. Donaldson” (QDBIP); 1 ex., “Australia, Queensland, 23 km E of Mareeba, 29. January 1989, at light, R.I. Storey” (QDBIP); 1 ex., “Australia, Queensland, Musgrave, 10. Oct. 1982, at light, J.W. Turner” (QDBIP); 1 ex., “Australia, Queensland, Palmer River Crossing Cooktown road, 13.–20. May 1975, at light, K.L. Houston” (QDBIP); 1 ex., “N Queensland, 18.1.2000, Granite Gorge, Sv. Bílý leg.” (NMPC); 17 exs., “N Queensland, 24.1.2000, Gregory Dawns, Sv. Bílý leg.” (NMPC); 4 exs., “N Queensland, 28.1.2000, Porcupine Gorge, Sv. Bílý leg.” (NMPC); 14 exs., “N Queensland, 29.1.–3.2.2000, The Lynd Junction, Sv. Bílý leg.” (NMPC); 1 ex., “N Queensland, 5.2.2000, Ravenshoe, Sv. Bílý leg.” (NMPC); 2 exs., “N Queensland, 7.2.2000, Mt. Carbine, Sv. Bílý leg.” (NMPC); 17 exs., “N Queensland, 13.2.2000, Undara, Sv. Bílý leg.” (NMPC); 5 exs., “Australia Qld, Mt Isa, Moondarra rd, 13 IX 2011, In gravel at edge of Leichaerdt R., J. Nunn” (NMPC). New South Wales: 1 ex., “NSW, Wakool”, “K.363073” (AMS). South Australia: 1 ex., “SA Elliston Salt Lake 23/6 1974 Timm BV”, “25-002059” (SAMA).Body shape: In dorsal view, elongate oval, broadest at midlength of elytra, moderately convex. Body outline without discontinuity between pronotum and elytra. Head relatively broad, anterior margin of clypeus truncate. Pronotum broadest between posterior angles, lateral margins moderately curved. Base of elytra as broad as pronotal base; lateral margins of elytra moderately curved , abdominal ventrite 3 , and abdominal ventrites 4–6 (transverse). Prosternum obtusely keeled medially. Prosternal process shortly lanceolate, apex obtuse; distinctly bordered laterally. Lateral parts of metaventrite tongue-shaped, slender. Metacoxal lines nearly complete, absent only close to metaventrite. Metacoxae and abdominal ventrites 1–3 with numerous longitudinal or oblique striae.Male genitalia: Median lobe consisting of a few sclerites, well separated apically , and Queensland south to Brisbane Fig. . The sinCopelatus in the Northern Territory and north-western Australia and was found in almost all habitat types. It occurs in both open country as well as forested areas. Most specimens were obtained from isolated flood-zone pools of seasonal rivers and pools adjacent to streams in Eucalypt or tropical woodland. The species tended to be found more in seepage areas or on mineral substrates than other the Australian Copelatus ; Copelatusdivisus: “New Hebrides [Vanuatu], Malekula Island”. Copelatusportior: “Seleo, Berlinhafen” .Holotype: Male, “Holotype” [printed label with red frame]; “New Hebrides: NE Malekula. i.1930. L.E. Cheesmann. B.M. 1930-178.” [printed label]; “1768” [hw label]; “Copelatusgentilis var. divisus, var. nov. J. Balfour-Browne det” [hw label] (NHMUK). Paratype: Male, “Paratype” [printed label with yellow frame]; “New Hebrides: NE Malekula. i.1930. L.E. Cheesmann. B.M. 1930-178.” [printed label]; “1768” [hw label]; “Copelatusgentilis var. divisus, var. nov. J. Balfour-Browne det” [hw label] (NHMUK).Holotype: Male, “N. Guinea Biró 96 [printed label]”, “Seleo Berlinhaf. [printed label]”, “♂” [printed label], “Type” , “Holotypus  1955 ♂ [hw] Copelatusportior Guignot” , “F. Guignot det., 19 [printed] 55 [hw] Copelatusportior n.sp. Holotype ♂ [Guignot’s hw]” (HNHM).Northern Territory: 2 exs., “AUSTRALIA NT Darwin, Holmes Jungle Pk uv lght Dec. 2/93 S Peck” (ZSM); 1 ex., “Australia, Northern Territory, Berry Springs  30/10/1991–04/11/1991, Wells, A. & Webber, Malaise trap, Field Collected – Terrestrial” (AMS). Queensland: 5 exs., “Australia: N QLD, Cape Tribulation Road S of ferry station, forest swamp, 12 m, 15.IX.2006, 16.17.469S, 145.19.122E, L. & E. Hendrich leg. (QLD 35)”, “DNA Balke 1874” [green printed label] ; 1 ex., “Australia: C QLD, 18 km S Calen, Mt. Charlton-Calen Road, Boulder Creek, 42 m, 23.IX.2006, 21.00.365S, 148.43.231E, L. & E. Hendrich leg. (QLD 45)”, “DNA Balke 2762” [green printed label] (ZSM); 6 exs., “Australia, QL, 10 km S Tully, S Innisfail, 30 m, 25.I.1993, leg. G. Wewalka (26)” (CGW); 1 ex., “Australia, QL, 15–20 km S Innisfail, 20 m, 24.I.1993, leg. G. Wewalka (24)” (CGW); 1 ex., “Australia, Queensland, Cape York, Lockerbie , 3.4.1964, Common, I.F.B. & Upton, M.S. leg.” (ANIC); 1 ex., “Australia, Queensland, Cairns , Taylor, F.H. leg.” (ANIC); 1 ex., “Australia, Queensland, Cassowary Coast (R) 2 miles W of Mission Beach , 18.4.1969, Common, I.F.B. & Upton, M.S. leg.” (ANIC); 1 ex., “Australia, Queensland, Cape York Peninsula, 2 miles S Iron Range , 12.5.1971, Brooks, J.G. leg.” (ANIC); 1 ex., “Australia, Cape York Peninsula, Queensland Gordon´s Ck., Iron Ra. , 10.5.1971, J.G. Brooks” (ANIC); 1 ex., “Gordon's CR [Creek] Iron RA [Range] N.Q. [North Queensland] 100' [100 m] 12.5.71 J.G. Brooks at light” (CLH); 1 ex., “Queensland, 8 km West of Kuranda , 3 Apr 1982, G. O’Reilly”, “K.363070” (AMS); 1 ex., “Australia, Queensland , 26 Apr 1987, F. Sattler”, “K.363071” (AMS); 2 exs., “Australia QLD01/32 Saltbag Ck., 18 km w. Mt. Molloy, 13.4.2001, M. Baehr” (CLH); 1 ex., “Australia NE QLD Conway Range N.P. E from Proserpine”, “at light 17.–23.II.1981 leg. Hangaya, Herozeg & Vojnits” (CLH); 1 ex., “Australia, Queensland, Iron Range Cape York Pen., 26. May 1971-2. June 1971, B.K. Cantrell” (QM); 1 ex., “Australia, Queensland, West Claudie River 4 km SW road junction, 25. June 1982, mv lamp, G. Daniels, M.A. Schneider” (QM); 2 exs., “Australia, Queensland, Walkamin, 26. March 1984, light trap, J.D. Brown” (QDPIB); 1 ex., “Australia, Queensland, Cairns, February 1946” (QDPIB); 1 ex., “Australia Queensland Arriga R.S. via Mareeba, 2.–3. December 1976, at light R.I. Storey” (QDPIB); 1 ex., “Australia, Queensland, Davies Creek via Mareeba, 13. March 1981, R.I. Storey” (QDPIB); 2 exs., “Australia Queensland Cow Bay N of Daintree, 7.–20. February 1984, I. C. Cunningham” (QDPIB); 3 exs., “Australia, Queensland, South Johnstone R.S., 29. Nov. 1991–14. Jan. 1992, Malaise Trap, K.H. Halfpapp” (QDPIB); 1 ex., “Australia, Queensland, Mossman River, 25. November 1984, light trap, J.D. Brown” (QDPIB); 2 exs., “Australia, Queensland, Atherton Area, 14. March 1983, light trap, J.D. Brown” (QDPIB); 1 ex., “Australia Queensland 15 km WNW of South Johnstone 4. March 1986, light trap, Fay, Halfpapp” (QDPIB); 1 ex., “Australia, Queensland, 15 km WNW of South Johnstone, 19. Dec. 1985, light trap, Fay, Halfpapp” (QDPIB); 1 ex., “Australia, Queensland, 15 km WNW of South Johnstone, 26. May 1986, light trap, Fay, Halfpapp” (QDPIB); 1 ex., “Australia, Queensland, Tolga, 23. January 1986, light trap, J.D. Brown” (QDPIB), 1 ex., “QLD, Mackay  4/4 1963, CHS Watts”, “25-001796” (SAMA); 1 ex., “QLD, Burdekin, Home Hill  4/7 1963, CHS Watts”, “25-001798” (SAMA); 1 ex., “QLD, Townsville , 6–11/2/ 1998, AJ Watts”, “25-001803” (SAMA); 4 exs., “AUSTRALIA Qld Ellis Beach 30 km N Cairns J. 11 1991 Dr. Larson” (ZSM); 6 exs., “N Queensland, 14.1.2000, Kuranda, Sv. Bílý leg.” (NMPC); 2 exs., “N Queensland, 9.2.2000, Kuranda, Sv. Bílý leg.” (NMPC); 1 ex., “N Queensland, 15.1.2000, Davis Creek, Sv. Bílý leg.” (NMPC).Body shape: In dorsal view broad, ovoid, broadest part in midlength of elytra. Body outline without discontinuity between pronotum and elytra. Head relatively broad; anterior margin of clypeus not bordered. Pronotum broadest at base, lateral margins moderately curved. Base of elytra as broad as pronotal base; lateral margins of elytra moderately curved  to Mackay in the south Fig. . AdditioCopelatusportior was mainly collected in puddles and pools in temporary flooded swamp forests ; Copelatustenebrosus was described based on specimens from Sumatra.Not studied. The type specimens should be deposited in the Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, The Netherlands (former Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie), but they were not found during a visit of JH. The designation of the lectotype by Northern Territory: 2 exs., “AUSTRALIA NT Kakadu NP Alligator R. Gungaree Rainforest Dec. 22/93 S&J Peck” (ZSM); 2 exs., “Australia N.T. Howard Springs, 35 m, 17–18.5.2014 ca. 25 km SE Darwin ca. 12°29.82.7"S, 131°01.95.1"E M. Langer leg. (LF) Coll. Hendrich” (ZSM); 1 ex., “Australia NT Burdulba Billabong, 15 km SSW Jabiru, 12 m, 12.46.26S 132.44.86E, 2.–3.XI.2007, at light, M. Baehr leg.” (ZSM); 1 ex., “Australia: NT, Georgetown Billabong, 750 m E Jabiru East, 30 m, 29.VIII.2006, 12.40.716S 132.55.861E, L. & E. Hendrich leg. (NT 20)”, “DNA Balke 2411” [green printed label] (ZSM); 1 ex., “NT, Tindal near Katherine , 1.12.1967, Vestjens, W.J.M.” (ANIC); 1 ex., “NT, Darwin, 12°51'24"S, 131°46'48"E, 52 m, at light, 9.V.2006, leg. Berger & Dostal (2/06)” (CGW); 1 ex., “NT, Kakadu NP, Muirella, 40 m, at light, 10.V.2006, leg. Berger & Dostal (3/06)” (CGW); 1 ex., “NT, Litchfield NP, Florence Falls, 12°51'15"S, 132°45'16"E, 63 m, at light, 12.V.2006, leg. Berger & Dostal (5/06)” (CGW); 1 ex., “Australia, Northern Territory, Muirella Park Kakadu, 18. May 1985, at light, Fay, Halfpapp” (QDPIB); 22 exs., “Australia: NT, Litchfield NP, TJAYNERA FALLS, 13°15'S, 130°44'E, 63 m, S. Jákl leg., 20–27.XI.2008” (NMPC); 3 exs., “Australia: NT, Nitmiluk NP, Edit Falls, 14°10'S, 132°06'E, 37 m, S. Jákl leg., 3.XII.2008” (NMPC); 1 ex., “AUSTR. NT, Kakadu NP, Jim Jim Billabong, 12°56'S, 132°33'E, 5 m, 5.–8.12.[20]08, Sv. Bílý leg.” (NMPC); 2 exs., “AUSTRALIA NT, Kakadu NP, Ubirr, 12°25'S, 132°57'E, 190 m, 9.–10.12.2008, Sv. Bílý leg.” (NMPC); 2 exs., “AUSTR. NT, Douglas Hot Springs, 12.12.[20]08, 13°45'S, 131°26'E, 35 m, Sv. Bílý leg.” (NMPC); 1 ex., “AUSTR. NT, Litchfield NP, 40 km E of Daly, 14.12.[20]08, Sv. Bílý leg.” (NMPC); 3 exs., “AUSTRALIA: NT, 70 km SW of MATARANKA, 15°19'S, 132°50'E, 190 m, S. Jákl leg., 22.–23.XII.2008” (NMPC); 1 ex., “AUSTRALIA: NT, 25 km S of KATHERINE, nr Cutta Cutta caves, 14°31'S, 132°25'E, 168 m, S. Jákl leg., 23.–31.XII.2008” (NMPC). Queensland: 8 exs., “Australia: N QLD, Cape Tribulation Road S of ferry station, forest swamp, 12 m, 15.IX.2006, 16.17.469S, 145.19.122E, L. & E. Hendrich leg. (QLD 35)”, two specimens with “DNA Balke 1875”, “DNA Balke 1876” [green printed label] ; 1 ex., “Australia: C QLD, 10 km S Mizani, Lake Kinchant, seapage, 48 m, 24.IX.2006, 21.11.580S, 148.53.522E, L. & E. Hendrich leg. (QLD 46)”, “DNA Balke 1756” [green printed label] (ZSM); 1 ex., “QLD Ingham , 23.2.1960, Harley, K.L.” (ANIC); 1 ex., “QLD Ingham , 27.1.1968, Brooks, J.G.” (ANIC); 1 ex., “QLD, 2 miles W of Mission Beach , 18.4.1969, Common, I.F.B. & Upton, M.S.” (ANIC); 1 ex., “Australia Queensland 65 km East of Hughenden , 3 Feb 1981, M.S. Moulds” (AMS); 11 exs., “QL, 10 km S Tully, S Innisfail, 30 m, 25.I.1993, leg. G. Wewalka” (CGW); 2 exs., “Australia, Queensland, The Boulders Babinda, 5. February 1975, at light in rainforest B.K. Cantrell” (QDPIB); 1 ex., “Australia, Queensland, Saibai Island, 09.23S 142.40E, 6. February 1986, at light, Houston, Hamacek” (QDPIB); 1 ex., “Australia, Queensland, Wallaman Falls Area W Ingham, 7. February 1975, at light in rainforest, B.K. Cantrell” (QDPIB); 6 exs., “Australia, Queensland, 15 km WNW of South Johnstone April-May 1988, light trap, Fay, Halfpapp” (QDPIB); 1 ex., “Australia, Queensland  [Barcadine] Taylor, Frank H. (Collector)” (AMS); 2 exs., “Australia Qld 15 km N Cairns Jan 11, 1991 D.J. Larson” (ZSM).Body shape: In dorsal view, elongate oval, broadest in basal third of elytra, moderately convex. Body outline with little discontinuity between pronotum and elytra. Head relatively broad; anterior margin of clypeus truncate. Pronotum broadest just before posterior angles, lateral margins moderately curved. Base of elytra slightly broader than pronotal base; lateral margins of elytra moderately curved  and strongly narrowed basally (1/3rd). Pro- and mesotarsomeres 1–3 moderately broadened, with adhesive discs on their ventral side; claws simple.Ventral part: Strongly microreticulated, with intermixed, sparsely distributed, very small punctures. Prosternal process narrow, distinctly bordered laterally, bluntly pointed at tip. Lateral parts of metaventrite  tongue-shaped, slender. Metacoxal lines very close posteriorly, moderately diverging anteriorly. Metacoxae and abdominal ventrites 1–3 with several longitudinal striae of different lengths.Male genitalia: Median lobe apically more or less evenly narrow in ventral view, and very strongly curved downwards in lateral view , fully developed inner striae of elytra, and the shape of the median lobe.The species is similar to This is the most widespread species in the Indomalayan and Australasian realms. It occurs from Nepal, India, and Sri Lanka over Myanmar, Laos, Vietnam, Thailand, Philippines, Indonesia , MalaysiC.tenebrosus inhabits open, treeless and seasonally flooded meadows, billabongs, ponds, paddy fields , New Guinea (?)Copelatusmartinbaehri sp. nov. Australia: QLD (Cape York Peninsula); Papua New Guinea Copelatusnigrolineatus Sharp, 1882 Australia: WA, NT, QLD, SA, NSW (?)Copelatusportior Guignot, 1956 Australia: NT, QLD; Papua New Guinea: Sandaun and Madang provincesCopelatustenebrosus Régimbart, 1880 Australia: northern parts of NT and QLD; Asia, Southeast Asia and New Guinea


IQUB (IQ motif and ubiquitin domain containing) was significantly increased in the development of breast cancer by transcriptome sequencing. However, there were no studies on the mechanism of IQUB in tumorigenesis. Further study showed that IQUB expression was significantly increased in breast cancer, which had a significantly positive correlation with pathological differentiation of breast cancer by tissue microarray analysis. Furthermore, we also discovered that IQUB overexpression could obviously promote the proliferation and migration of MCF‐7 cells and increase the proportion of MCF‐7 cells in S and G2/M phase in vitro study, while knockdown of IQUB caused inhibition of cell proliferation and migration in MDA‐MB‐231 cells and increased the proportion of MDA‐MB‐231 cells in G1 phase. Furthermore, IQUB overexpression or knockdown combined with treatment of Licl or MG‐132 showed that IQUB activated Akt to promote GSK3β phosphorylation, which in turn activated Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway in breast cancer cells. Taken together, these results indicated that upregulated IQUB promoted breast cancer cell proliferation and migration via activating Akt/GSK3β/β‐catenin signaling pathway, which played an important part in the tumorigenesis and development of breast cancer.Breast cancer was the highest incidence of tumor in women, which seriously threaten women's health. Our previous study found that the expression of  IQUB was discovered in 2002,Known as the canonical Wnt signaling pathway, Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway regulated the early development of embryo, stem cell self‐renewal, cell division, as well as a variety of biological processes such as tumorigenesis and metastasis.In this study, we firstly sought to probe the role of IQUB in breast cancer. In addition, we further explored the mechanism of IQUB in promoting breast cancer by activating the Akt/GSK3β/β‐catenin signaling pathway, which would provide a new idea for better comprehension of breast cancer pathogenesis and breast cancer targeted therapy.22.1Twenty cases of breast cancer tissues and corresponding paracancerous tissues were collected from Affiliated Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University and diagnosed by the Department of Pathology. All patients were informed and agreed. Our research was supported by the Ethics Board of School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University and was based on all relevant principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. The human breast cancer tissue microarray (the TMA ID: BC081120a) was purchased from Alenabio company  which contains 110 cases of breast cancer tissues and corresponding paracancerous tissues.2.2The IQUB overexpression plasmid was constructed by cloning the Coding sequence of IQUB gene (NM_001321293.1) into retroviral plasmid pflag‐CMV (Clontech Laboratories Inc.) which was named as pflag‐IQUB, and the negative control as pflag‐NC. The β‐catenin overexpression plasmid was constructed by cloning the Coding sequence of β‐catenin gene (NM_001330729.1), with a 2325‐bp sequence on each flanking side, into retroviral plasmid pEGFP‐C1 (Clontech Laboratories Inc.) which was named as pEGFP‐β‐catenin. The TOP/FOP flash reporter plasmids were purchased from Upstate Biotechnology, containing wild‐type  or mutated  TCF/LEF DNA binding sites.The small interfering RNAs of IQUB were provided by GenePharma company in Shanghai, in which siRNA#1 was at nucleotides 282 bp (sense: 5′‐GCCUCAAGAGUCAGAUCAAAC‐3′ and anti‐sense: 5′‐GUUUGAUCUGACUCUUGAGGC‐3′), siRNA#2 at nucleotides 1171 bp (sense:5′‐GCAGAAUACCAUGCUCAAAGA‐3′ and anti‐sense: 5′‐UCUUUGAGCAUGGUAUUCUGC‐3′), and siRNA#3 at nucleotides 2039 bp (sense: 5′‐GCAUAUACCGGUGUCGUAACU‐3′ and anti‐sense: 5′‐AGUUACGACACCGGUAUAUGC‐3′), and the negative siRNA control (sense 5′‐UUCUCCGAACGUGUCACGU‐3′ and anti‐sense 5′‐ACGUGACACGUUCGGAGAA‐3′).The following primary antibodies were used for Western blotting and immunohistochemistry: IQUB , flag , GFP (Proteintech), GSK3β (Proteintech), p‐GSK3β(S9) , β‐catenin (Proteintech), p‐β‐catenin(S33/S37/T41) , c‐myc (Proteintech), cyclin D1 (Proteintech), and β‐actin (Proteintech).2.32. MCF‐10A cells were cultured in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium with F‐12  supplemented with 5% horse serum, 20 ng/mL EGF, 0.5 mg/mL hydrocortisone, 100 ng/mL cholera toxin, 10 mg/mL insulin, and 100 U/mL penicillin and 100 mg/mL streptomycin at 37°C and 5% CO2 in a humidified incubator.Human breast cancer cells MCF‐7, MDA‐MB‐231cell lines, and normal breast cells MCF‐10A were purchased from the Cell Bank of Type Culture Collection of the Chinese Academy of Sciences . RPMI‐1640 medium or Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium  were used for MDA‐MB‐231 and MCF‐7 cell culture, respectively, supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum , 100 U/mL penicillin and 100 mg/mL streptomycin at 37°C and 5% COThe transfection of siRNAs and plasmids was performed using Lipofectamine 2000 reagent . The procedures of transfection referred to the manufacturer's instructions. After transfection 48 hours, the cells were used for biological effect detection or detecting the expression level of target genes.2.4™ RNA PCR Core Kit . Then 2 μL cDNA was used to analyze the expression level of target genes. qPCR (Applied Biosystem Inc.) was used to detect the mRNA expression level. The primers of mRNA for qPCR are IQUB: sense 5′‐TTTCCGCTTTCTGAGCCCTT‐3′ and anti‐sense 5′‐TTAGACATTTTCCTTCACACATACC‐3′, GAPDH: sense 5′‐GGTGAAGGTCGGAGTCAACG‐3′, anti‐sense 5′‐CCATGTAGT TGAGGTCAATGAAG‐3′.Total RNA of cells and tissues was extracted using Trizol reagent . Two micrograms RNA was used for first‐strand cDNA synthesis with GeneAmp2.5Proteins of cells were extracted using RIPA lysis buffer, and using a BCA Protein Assay Kit  to measure proteins’ concentration. Forty micrograms of total protein was added to each well, running on 12% SDS‐polyacrylamide gel, and then, the proteins were transferred to a PVDF membrane . The membranes were blocked with Tris‐buffered saline containing 2% BSA for 1 hour and then probed with primary antibodies of target protein, including IQUB (dilution of 1:1000), flag (dilution of 1:2000), GFP (dilution of 1:2000), β‐catenin (dilution of 1:1000), p‐β‐catenin(dilution of 1:500), GSK3β(dilution of 1:1000), p‐GSK3β(dilution of 1:500), cyclin D1(dilution of 1:1000), c‐myc(dilution of 1:1000) and β‐actin(dilution of 1:5000) at 4°C overnight, then incubated with the corresponding secondary antibody  for 1 hour at room temperature, and finally detected by ECL reagents . The optical density of bands was measured by a computer‐assisted imaging analysis system (Tanon), and the relative protein expression levels were normalized to β‐actin.2.63 per well, and CCK‐8 solution was added at 0, 12, 24, and 48 hours, respectively, and the value of OD450 was measured after 2 hours. For colon formation assay, 200 cells were seeded in 6‐well plates. After 1 week, the cells were fixed and stained and then counted the colon number using a microscope.CCK‐8 and colon formation assays were used to detect the proliferative capacity of breast cancer cells. For CCK‐8 assay, cells were seeded in 96‐well plates at a density of 1 × 102.74 cells ware placed on the upper surface of the chamber  and 500 μL medium containing 10% FBS was added to the lower chamber. After 24 hours, the cells ware fixed and stained then counted the cell number in lower surface of the chamber using a microscope. Three random fields are counted for each experiment.The ability of cell migration was detected by wound healing and transwell assays. For the wound healing assay, cells were cultured in 6‐well plates for 24 and 48 hours, respectively. A pipette tip (200 μL) was used to make a straight scratch. At 0, 24 and 48 hours, cell wound images were taken by a microscope. For the transwell assay, 2 × 102.8Cell cycle was quantified by flow cytometry. Briefly, cells were trypsinized and collected and then fixed with pre‐cooled anhydrous ethanol for 30 minutes. Removing ethanol, per tube was added with 200 μL PBS and 2 μL RNase (0.25 mg/mL) (incubate at 37°C for 30 minutes); then, the cell pellet was mixed with 0.5 mL of 50 μg/mL PI solution, staining for 30 minutes at room temperature in dark. The fluorescence intensity was analyzed by flow cytometry.2.9Breast cancer cells were cultured in 24‐well plates. When reaching logarithmic growth phase, cells were transfected with pflag‐IQUB overexpression plasmid or negative control plasmid (400 ng/well), siR‐IQUB, or negative control siR‐NC (15 pmol/well), along with TOP Flash or FOP Flash plasmid (400 ng/well) and pRL‐TK plasmid (10 ng/well) using Lipofectamine 2000 reagent according to the manufacturer's instruction. After 48 hours, firefly luciferase activity and renilla luciferase activity were measured by a dual luciferase reporter assay kit (Promega) according to the manufacturer's instructions. Each experiment was performed independently and repeated 3 times.2.102O2 for 10 minutes. Slides were washed in PBS, blocked with serum for 30 minutes, and incubated with a rabbit antibody for IQUB  at 4°C overnight in a humidified container. After washing 3 times with PBS, the corresponding anti‐rabbit secondary antibody was incubated with a 1:300 dilution for 2 hours at 37°C. Staining was performed using 3, 3‐diaminobenzidine  for 2 minutes, and the colored reaction was terminated using distilled water. Slides ware counterstained with hematoxylin and Eosin Staining Kit (Beyotime Biotechnology Co.) to visualize cell nuclei, followed by bluing in running tap water. Finally, the slides were dehydrated, dipped in xylene and mounted. The Pannoramic MIDI automatic digital slide scanner  was used for image processing and quantifications. The protein expression levels of IQUB were measured by the intensity of immunohistochemical staining which could be quantified using an IHC analyzer in Image J software.Slides ware deparaffinized and dehydrated by graded alcohol. Antigen retrieval was performed by boiling the slides in 1 mmol/L sodium citrate buffer pH 6.0 and then at sub‐boiling temperature for 20 minutes. Endogenous peroxidase activity was blocked by incubating the slides with 3% H2.112‐tests were performed to determine significance of the relationship between expression of IQUB and clinicopathologic features in breast cancer tissue microarrays. P < .05 was considered statistically significant.The data were expressed as the mean ± standard deviation (SD). Differences between groups were analyzed using one‐way ANOVA analysis. χ33.1P = .004), which was higher in poorly differentiated cancer than well‐differentiated cancer (P = .01). Then, we detected IQUB mRNA expression in 20 pairs of breast cancer tissues and adjacent normal tissues by RT‐qPCR. The result indicated that compared to adjacent tissues, the expression of IQUB mRNA was significantly increased in 16 cases of breast cancer tissues (P < .05)   and small interfering RNA (siR‐IQUB) and then transfected them into MCF‐7 and MDA‐MB‐231 cells. Then, the proliferation of breast cancer cell was detected by CCK‐8 assay and clone formation assay , and downstream target genes cyclin D1 and c‐myc while inhibited the expression of p‐β‐catenin S33/S37/T41), but did not affect protein expression of GSK3β , while knockdown of IQUB showed the opposite effect  protein in the cytoplasm received biological signals and continued to transmit, resulting in the accumulation of β‐catenin in the cytoplasm, eventually leading β‐catenin to enter the nucleus to interact with TCF/LEF family of proteins to form a transcriptional activation complex, finally activated a series of cell proliferation and migration‐related target genes.Furthermore, we found that Licl, a GSK3β inhibitor, could significantly reverse the inhibitory effect of IQUB knockdown on the expression of β‐catenin and activity of Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway. Furthermore, IQUB overexpression showed a similar effect with Licl, which both acted as GSK3β inhibitor to activate Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway. Moreover, Akt inhibitor MK2206 could significantly inhibit the effect of IQUB overexpression on upregulating p‐GSK3β and β‐catenin and activating Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway. These results indicated that IQUB could activate Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway through Akt/GSK3β pathway. Furthermore, it was interesting to note that inhibition of Akt activity could not completely abolish the effect of IQUB overexpression on Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway activity, suggesting that IQUB may be able to regulate Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway via another mechanism. Finally, we found that MK2206 also reversed the effect of IQUB overexpression on breast cancer cells by clone formation assay and Wound healing assay, which indicated that IQUB could promote proliferation and migration of breast cancer cells through activating Akt/GSK3β/β‐catenin signaling pathway (Figure In conclusion, our results indicated that the expression of IQUB was increased in breast cancer and positively correlated with malignancy of breast cancer for the first time. IQUB could activate Akt/GSK3β/β‐catenin signaling pathway, promoting proliferation and migration of breast cancer cells. Moreover, our results also suggested that IQUB may be able to regulate Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway via another mechanism, except for the Akt/GSK3β/β‐catenin pathway, which is an interesting idea we are focusing on.The authors have declared that no competing interest exists.