International Pandemic Preparedness and COVID-19 Response Act of 2021
This bill outlines U.S. foreign policy to respond to the COVID-19 pandemic and to future pandemics and disasters.
With respect to COVID-19, the Department of State must develop a strategy to expand and expedite access to COVID-19 vaccines in other countries. The bill also allows for the use of any foreign assistance for activities to combat COVID-19, regardless of the original purpose of the funding. Additionally, the State Department and the U.S. Agency for International Development must protect and support humanitarian actors responding to secondary effects of the pandemic (e.g., food insecurity).
Furthermore, the State Department must report on, and take other steps to address, restrictions and violations of human rights in the COVID-19 response measures of other countries, and the U.S. Agency for Global Media must focus its communication programs on combating propaganda and providing accurate information related to COVID-19.
With respect to future pandemics and disasters, the bill (1) designates agencies responsible for carrying out preparedness and response activities, and (2) authorizes a committee within the National Security Council to coordinate government-wide response efforts. Additionally, the President must establish a strategy for advancing U.S. global health security; the bill creates a position in the State Department to promote this strategy.
Moreover, the State Department must work with other international actors to establish a financing mechanism and otherwise promote global health security, including by strengthening health systems and disease surveillance in developing countries.
Additionally, funding authorized by this bill may not be made available to China.
To improve global health, and for other purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

<DELETED>SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    (a) Short Title.--This Act may be cited as the 
``International Pandemic Preparedness and COVID-19 Response Act of 
2021''.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (b) Table of Contents.--The table of contents for this Act 
is as follows:</DELETED>

<DELETED>Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents.
<DELETED>Sec. 2. Definitions.
<DELETED>Sec. 3. Purpose.
<DELETED>TITLE I--ENHANCING THE UNITED STATES INTERNATIONAL RESPONSE TO 
                     COVID-19 AND FUTURE PANDEMICS

<DELETED>Sec. 101. Statement of policy regarding international 
                            cooperation to end the COVID-19 pandemic.
<DELETED>Sec. 102. Oversight of United States foreign assistance to end 
                            the COVID-19 pandemic.
<DELETED>Sec. 103. United States contributions to the Global Fund to 
                            Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis, and Malaria 
                            COVID-19 response mechanism.
<DELETED>Sec. 104. Global COVID-19 vaccine distribution and delivery.
<DELETED>Sec. 105. Leveraging United States bilateral global health 
                            programs for the international COVID-19 
                            response.
<DELETED>Sec. 106. Report on humanitarian response to the COVID-19 
                            pandemic.
<DELETED>Sec. 107. Safeguarding democracy and human rights during the 
                            COVID-19 pandemic.
<DELETED>Sec. 108. Public diplomacy and combating disinformation and 
                            misinformation about COVID-19.
<DELETED>Sec. 109. Findings and sense of Congress regarding the United 
                            States International Development Finance 
                            Corporation.
<DELETED>Sec. 110. Sense of Congress regarding international 
                            cooperation to prevent and respond to 
                            future pandemics.
<DELETED>Sec. 111. Roles of the Department of State, the United States 
                            Agency for International Development, and 
                            the Centers for Disease Control and 
                            Prevention in pandemic response.
<DELETED>Sec. 112. USAID disaster surge capacity.
<DELETED>Sec. 113. Statement of policy on humanitarian assistance to 
                            countries affected by pandemics.
 <DELETED>TITLE II--INTERNATIONAL PANDEMIC PREVENTION AND PREPAREDNESS

<DELETED>Sec. 201. Partner country defined.
<DELETED>Sec. 202. Global health security strategy and report.
<DELETED>Sec. 203. Committee on Global Health Security and Pandemic and 
                            Biological Threats.
<DELETED>Sec. 204. United States overseas global health security and 
                            diplomacy coordination and strategy.
<DELETED>Sec. 205. Resilience.
<DELETED>Sec. 206. Strengthening health systems.
<DELETED>Sec. 207. Additional authorities.
<DELETED>Sec. 208. Authorization for United States participation in the 
                            Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness 
                            Innovations.
<DELETED>Sec. 209. National intelligence estimate and briefing 
                            regarding novel diseases and pandemic 
                            threats.
<DELETED>Sec. 210. Pandemic early warning network.
<DELETED>Sec. 211. International emergency operations.
<DELETED>TITLE III--FINANCING MECHANISM FOR GLOBAL HEALTH SECURITY AND 
                  PANDEMIC PREVENTION AND PREPAREDNESS

<DELETED>Sec. 301. Eligible partner country defined.
<DELETED>Sec. 302. Establishment of Fund for Global Health Security and 
                            Pandemic Prevention and Preparedness.
<DELETED>Sec. 303. Authorities.
<DELETED>Sec. 304. Administration.
<DELETED>Sec. 305. Advisory Board.
<DELETED>Sec. 306. Reports to Congress.
<DELETED>Sec. 307. United States contributions.
<DELETED>Sec. 308. Compliance with the Foreign Aid Transparency and 
                            Accountability Act of 2016.

<DELETED>SEC. 2. DEFINITIONS.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    In this Act:</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) Appropriate congressional committees.--The 
        term ``appropriate congressional committees'' means--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) the Committee on Foreign Relations of 
                the Senate;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) the Committee on Appropriations of the 
                Senate;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (C) the Committee on Foreign Affairs of 
                the House of Representatives; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (D) the Committee on Appropriations of the 
                House of Representatives.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) Global health security agenda; ghsa.--The 
        terms ``Global Health Security Agenda'' and ``GHSA'' mean the 
        multi-sectoral initiative launched in 2014 and renewed in 2017 
        that brings together countries, regions, international 
        organizations, nongovernmental organizations, and the private 
        sector to elevate global health security as a national-level 
        priority, to share best practices, and to facilitate national 
        capacity to comply with and adhere to--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) the International Health Regulations 
                (2005);</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) the World Organisation for Animal 
                Health international standards and 
                guidelines;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (C) United Nations Security Council 
                Resolution 1540 (2004);</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (D) the Convention on the Prohibition of 
                the Development, Production and Stockpiling of 
                Bacteriological and Toxin Weapons and on their 
                Destruction, done at Washington, London, and Moscow, 
                April 10, 1972 (commonly referred to as the 
                ``Biological Weapons Convention'');</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (E) the Global Health Security Agenda 2024 
                Framework; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (F) other relevant frameworks that 
                contribute to global health security.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) Global health security index.--The term 
        ``Global Health Security Index'' means the comprehensive 
        assessment and benchmarking of health security and related 
        capabilities across the countries that make up the States 
        Parties to the International Health Regulations 
        (2005).</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (4) Global health security initiative.--The term 
        ``Global Health Security Initiative'' means the informal 
        network of countries and organizations that came together in 
        2001 to undertake concerted global action to strengthen public 
        health preparedness and response to chemical, biological, 
        radiological, and nuclear threats, as well as pandemic 
        influenza.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (5) Joint external evaluation.--The term ``Joint 
        External Evaluation'' means the World Health Organization-
        facilitated, voluntary, collaborative, multi-sectoral process 
        to assess country capacity to prevent, detect, and rapidly 
        respond to public health risks occurring naturally or due to 
        deliberate or accidental events, assess progress in achieving 
        the targets under the International Health Regulations (2005), 
        and recommend priority actions.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (6) Key stakeholders.--The term ``key 
        stakeholders'' means actors engaged in efforts to advance 
        global health security programs and objectives, including--
        </DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) national and local governments in 
                partner countries;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) other bilateral donors;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (C) international, regional, and local 
                organizations, including private, voluntary, 
                nongovernmental, and civil society 
                organizations;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (D) international, regional, and local 
                financial institutions;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (E) representatives of historically 
                marginalized groups, including women, youth, and 
                indigenous peoples;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (F) the private sector, including medical 
                device, technology, pharmaceutical, manufacturing, 
                logistics, and other relevant companies; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (G) public and private research and 
                academic institutions.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (7) One health approach.--The term ``One Health 
        approach'' means the collaborative, multi-sectoral, and 
        transdisciplinary approach toward achieving optimal health 
        outcomes in a manner that recognizes the interconnection 
        between people, animals, plants, and their shared 
        environment.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (8) Relevant federal departments and agencies.--
        The term ``relevant Federal departments and agencies'' means 
        any Federal department or agency implementing United States 
        policies and programs relevant to the advancement of United 
        States global health security and diplomacy overseas, which may 
        include--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) the Department of State;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) the United States Agency for 
                International Development;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (C) the Department of Health and Human 
                Services;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (D) the Centers for Disease Control and 
                Prevention;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (E) the National Institutes of 
                Health;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (F) the Department of the 
                Treasury;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (G) the Department of 
                Agriculture;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (H) the Department of Defense;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (I) the Defense Threat Reduction 
                Agency;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (J) the Millennium Challenge 
                Corporation;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (K) the Development Finance 
                Corporation;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (L) the Peace Corps; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (M) any other department or agency that 
                the President determines to be relevant for these 
                purposes.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (9) Resilience.--The term ``resilience'' means the 
        ability of people, households, communities, systems, 
        institutions, countries, and regions to reduce, mitigate, 
        withstand, adapt to, and quickly recover from stresses and 
        shocks in a manner that reduces chronic vulnerability and 
        facilitates inclusive growth.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 3. PURPOSE.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    The purpose of this Act is to accelerate and enhance the 
United States international response to pandemics, including the COVID-
19 pandemic, and to operationalize lessons learned from current and 
prior emergency responses in a manner that--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) advances the global health security and 
        diplomacy objectives of the United States;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) improves coordination among the relevant 
        Federal departments and agencies implementing United States 
        foreign assistance for global health security; and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) more effectively enables partner countries to 
        strengthen and sustain resilient health systems and supply 
        chains with the resources, capacity, and personnel required to 
        prevent, prepare for, detect, and respond to infectious disease 
        threats before they become pandemics.</DELETED>

<DELETED>TITLE I--ENHANCING THE UNITED STATES INTERNATIONAL RESPONSE TO 
                COVID-19 AND FUTURE PANDEMICS</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 101. STATEMENT OF POLICY REGARDING INTERNATIONAL 
              COOPERATION TO END THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    It shall be the policy of the United States to lead and 
implement a comprehensive and coordinated international response to end 
the COVID-19 pandemic in a manner that recognizes the critical role 
that multilateral and regional organizations can and should play in 
pandemic response, including by--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) seeking adoption of a United Nations Security 
        Council resolution that--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) declares pandemics, including the 
                COVID-19 pandemic, to be a threat to international 
                peace and security; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) urges member states to address this 
                threat by aligning their health preparedness plans with 
                international best practices and those established by 
                the Global Health Security Agenda to improve country 
                capacity to prevent, detect, and respond to infectious 
                disease threats;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) advancing efforts to reform the World Health 
        Organization so that it serves as an effective normative and 
        capable coordinating body empowered to align member countries 
        around a single strategic operating plan to detect, contain, 
        treat, and deter the further spread of COVID-19;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) providing timely, appropriate levels of 
        financial support to United Nations agencies responding to the 
        COVID-19 pandemic;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (4) prioritizing United States foreign assistance 
        for the COVID-19 response in the most vulnerable countries and 
        regions;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (5) encouraging other donor governments to 
        similarly increase contributions to the United Nations agencies 
        responding to the COVID-19 pandemic in the world's poorest and 
        most vulnerable countries;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (6) working with key stakeholders to accelerate 
        progress toward meeting and exceeding, as practicable, the 
        global COVID-19 vaccination goals jointly proposed by the 
        International Monetary Fund, the World Health Organization, the 
        World Bank, and the World Trade Organization, whereby--
        </DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) at least 40 percent of the population 
                in all countries is vaccinated by the end of 2021; 
                and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) at least 60 percent of the population 
                in all countries is vaccinated by the first half of 
                2022;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (7) engaging with key stakeholders, including 
        through multilateral facilities such as the COVID-19 Vaccines 
        Global Access initiative (referred to in this title as 
        ``COVAX'') and the Access to COVID-19 Tools (ACT) Accelerator 
        initiative, and expanding bilateral efforts, including through 
        the International Development Finance Corporation, to 
        accelerate the development, manufacturing, local production, 
        and efficient and equitable distribution of--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) vaccines and related raw materials to 
                meet or exceed the vaccination goals under paragraph 
                (6); and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) global health commodities, including 
                personal protective equipment, test kits, medicines and 
                therapeutics, and other essential supplies to combat 
                COVID-19;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (8) supporting global COVID-19 vaccine 
        distribution strategies that strengthen underlying health 
        systems and ensure that people living in vulnerable and 
        marginalized communities, including women, do not face undue 
        barriers to vaccination;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (9) working with key stakeholders, including 
        through the World Bank Group, the International Monetary Fund, 
        the World Trade Organization, the International Finance 
        Corporation, and other relevant regional and bilateral 
        financial institutions, to address the economic and financial 
        implications of the COVID-19 pandemic, while taking into 
        account the differentiated needs of disproportionately 
        affected, vulnerable, and marginalized populations;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (10) establishing clear timelines, benchmarks, and 
        goals for COVID-19 response strategies and activities under 
        this section; and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (11) generating commitments of resources in 
        support of the goals referred to in paragraph (10).</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 102. OVERSIGHT OF UNITED STATES FOREIGN ASSISTANCE TO END 
              THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    (a) Reporting Requirements.--Not later than 60 days after 
the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State and the 
Administrator for the United States Agency for International 
Development shall jointly submit to the appropriate congressional 
committees--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) an unclassified report containing a 
        description of funds already obligated and expended under title 
        X of the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 (Public Law 117-2); 
        and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) a plan that describes the objectives and 
        timeline for the obligation and expenditure of all remaining 
        funds appropriated under the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021, 
        which shall be submitted in an unclassified form, and should 
        include a description of steps taken pursuant to each objective 
        specified in the plan.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (b) Congressional Consultation.--Not less frequently than 
once every 60 days, until the completion or termination of the 
implementation plan required under subsection (a)(2), and upon the 
request from one or more of the appropriate congressional committees, 
the Secretary of State and the Administrator for the United States 
Agency for International Development shall provide a briefing to the 
appropriate congressional committees regarding the report required 
under subsection (a)(1) and the status of the implementation of the 
plan required under subsection (a)(2).</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (c) Branding.--In providing assistance under this title, 
the Secretary of State and the Administrator of the United States 
Agency for International Development, with due consideration for the 
safety and security of implementing partners and beneficiaries, and 
pursuant to current branding and marking regulations and procedures 
shall prescribe the use of logos or other insignia, which may include 
the flag of the United States, to appropriately identify such 
assistance as being from the people of the United States.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 103. UNITED STATES CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE GLOBAL FUND TO 
              FIGHT AIDS, TUBERCULOSIS, AND MALARIA COVID-19 RESPONSE 
              MECHANISM.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    (a) United States Contributions to the Global Fund To 
Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis, and Malaria COVID-19 Response Mechanism.--
United States contributions to the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, 
Tuberculosis, and Malaria COVID-19 Response Mechanism under section 
10003(a)(2) of the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 (Public Law 107-
2)--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) shall be meaningfully leveraged in a manner 
        that incentivizes other public and private donor contributions; 
        and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) shall be subject to the reporting and 
        withholding requirements under subsections (c), (d)(4)(A)(ii), 
        (d)(4)(C), (d)(5), (d)(6), (f), and (g) of section 202 of the 
        United States Leadership Against HIV/AIDS, Tuberculosis, and 
        Malaria Act of 2003 (22 U.S.C. 7622).</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 104. GLOBAL COVID-19 VACCINE DISTRIBUTION AND 
              DELIVERY.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    (a) Accelerating Global Vaccine Distribution Strategy.--
The Secretary of State, in consultation with the Secretary of Health 
and Human Services, the Administrator of the United States Agency for 
International Development, the Chief Executive Officer of the United 
States International Development Finance Corporation, and the heads of 
other relevant Federal departments and agencies, as determined by the 
President, shall develop a strategy to expand access to, and accelerate 
the global distribution of, COVID-19 vaccines to other countries, which 
shall--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) identify the countries that have the highest 
        infection and death rates due to COVID-19, the lowest COVID-19 
        vaccination rates, and face the most difficult, political, 
        logistical, and financial challenges to obtaining and 
        delivering COVID-19 vaccines, and describe the basis and 
        metrics used to make such determinations;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) identify which countries and regions will be 
        prioritized and targeted for COVID-19 vaccine delivery, and the 
        rationale for such prioritization;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) describe efforts that the United States is 
        making to increase COVID-19 vaccine manufacturing capacity, 
        including through the provision of development finance, and 
        estimate when, how many, and which types of vaccines will be 
        provided by the United States Government bilaterally and 
        through COVAX;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (4) describe efforts to encourage international 
        partners to take actions similar to the efforts referred to in 
        paragraph (3);</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (5) describe how the United States Government will 
        ensure efficient delivery of COVID-19 vaccines to intended 
        recipients, including United States citizens residing overseas, 
        and identify complementary United States foreign assistance 
        that will facilitate vaccine readiness, distribution, delivery, 
        monitoring, and administration activities;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (6) describe the roles, responsibilities, tasks, 
        and, as appropriate, the authorities of the Secretary of State, 
        the Administrator of the United States Agency for International 
        Development, the Secretary of Health and Human Services, the 
        Chief Executive Officer of the United States International 
        Development Finance Corporation, and the heads of other 
        relevant Federal departments and agencies with respect to the 
        implementation of such strategy; and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (7) summarize the United States public diplomacy 
        strategies for branding and addressing vaccine misinformation 
        and hesitancy.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (b) Submission of Strategy.--Not later than 90 days after 
the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State shall 
submit the strategy described in subsection (a) to the appropriate 
congressional committees.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 105. LEVERAGING UNITED STATES BILATERAL GLOBAL HEALTH 
              PROGRAMS FOR THE INTERNATIONAL COVID-19 
              RESPONSE.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    (a) Authorization for Leveraging Bilateral Program 
Activities.--Amounts authorized to be appropriated or otherwise made 
available to carry out section 104 of the Foreign Assistance Act (22 
U.S.C. 2151b) may be used in countries receiving United States foreign 
assistance--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) to combat the COVID-19 pandemic, including 
        through the sharing of COVID-19 vaccines; and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) to support related activities, including--
        </DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) strengthening vaccine 
                readiness;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) reducing vaccine hesitancy and 
                misinformation;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (C) delivering and administering COVID-19 
                vaccines;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (D) strengthening health systems and 
                supply chains;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (E) supporting health care workforce 
                planning, training, and management;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (F) enhancing transparency, quality, and 
                reliability of health data;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (G) increasing bidirectional testing; 
                and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (H) building lab capacity.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (b) Adjustment of Targets and Goals.--The Secretary of 
State, in coordination with the heads of other relevant Federal 
departments and agencies, shall submit an annual report to the 
appropriate congressional committees that identifies--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) any adjustments to original program targets 
        and goals that result from the use of funds for the purposes 
        authorized under subsection (a); and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) the amounts needed in the following fiscal 
        year to meet the original program goals.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 106. REPORT ON HUMANITARIAN RESPONSE TO THE COVID-19 
              PANDEMIC.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    (a) In General.--Not later than 120 days after the date of 
the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State, in consultation with 
the Administrator of the United States Agency for International 
Development and the Secretary of Health and Human Services, shall 
submit a report to the appropriate congressional committees that--
</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) assesses the global humanitarian response to 
        COVID-19; and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) outlines specific elements of the United 
        States Government's country-level response to the COVID-19 
        pandemic.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (b) Elements.--The report required under subsection (a) 
shall include--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) for countries receiving United States 
        assistance, a description of humanitarian and health-worker 
        access to crisis-affected areas, including--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) legal and bureaucratic restrictions on 
                the entry of humanitarian workers from abroad, to 
                include visa authorizations that do not allow adequate 
                time for humanitarian workers to quarantine upon 
                arrival in-line with host country regulations, conduct 
                needs assessments, and subsequently implement 
                multilateral and United States-funded programming in an 
                efficient, effective, and unrestricted 
                manner;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) restrictions on travel by humanitarian 
                workers within such country to reach the areas of 
                operation where vulnerable and marginalized populations 
                reside;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (C) access to medical evacuation in the 
                event of a health emergency;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (D) access to personal protective 
                equipment for United States Government implementing 
                partners; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (E) efforts to support access to COVID-19 
                vaccines for humanitarian and health-workers and 
                crisis-affected communities;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) an analysis and description of countries 
        (regardless of whether such countries have received direct 
        United States assistance) that have expressly prevented 
        vulnerable populations from accessing necessary assistance 
        related to COVID-19, including--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) the omission of vulnerable populations 
                from national response plans;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) laws, policies, or practices that 
                restrict or preclude treatment of vulnerable 
                populations at public hospitals and health facilities; 
                and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (C) exclusion of, or discrimination 
                against, vulnerable populations in law, policy, or 
                practice that prevents equal access to food, shelter, 
                and other basic assistance;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) a description of United States Government 
        efforts to facilitate greater humanitarian access, including--
        </DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) advocacy and diplomatic efforts with 
                relevant foreign governments and multilateral 
                institutions to ensure that vulnerable and marginalized 
                populations are included in national response plans and 
                other relevant plans developed in response to the 
                COVID-19 pandemic; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) advocacy and diplomatic efforts with 
                relevant foreign governments to ensure that appropriate 
                visas, work permits, and domestic travel exemptions are 
                issued for humanitarian and health workers responding 
                to the COVID-19 pandemic; and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (4) a description of United States Government 
        plans and efforts to address the second-order impacts of the 
        COVID-19 pandemic and an assessment of the resources required 
        to implement such plans, including efforts to address--
        </DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) famine and acute food 
                insecurity;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) gender-based violence;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (C) mental health and psychosocial support 
                needs;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (D) child protection needs;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (E) health, education, and 
                livelihoods;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (F) shelter; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (G) attempts to close civil society space, 
                including through bureaucratic, administrative, and 
                health or security related impediments.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 107. SAFEGUARDING DEMOCRACY AND HUMAN RIGHTS DURING THE 
              COVID-19 PANDEMIC.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) governments may be required to take 
        appropriate extraordinary measures during public health 
        emergencies to halt the spread of disease, including closing 
        businesses and public events, limiting access to public spaces, 
        and restricting the movement of people;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) certain foreign governments have taken 
        measures in response to COVID-19 that violate the human rights 
        of their citizens without clear public health justification, 
        oversight measures, or sunset provisions;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) governments using the COVID-19 pandemic as a 
        pretext for repression have undermined democratic institutions, 
        debilitated institutions for transparency and public integrity, 
        quashed legitimate dissent, and attacked journalists, civil 
        society organizations, activists, independent voices, and 
        vulnerable and marginalized populations, including refugees and 
        migrants, with far-reaching consequences that will extend 
        beyond the current crisis;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (4) COVID-19 threatens to roll back decades of 
        progress for women and girls, disproportionately affecting 
        women economically, educationally, and with respect to health, 
        while also leading to alarming rises in gender based violence; 
        and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (5) during and after the pandemic, the Department 
        of State and the United States Agency for International 
        Development should directly, and through nongovernmental 
        organizations or international organizations, provide 
        assistance and implement programs that support democratic 
        institutions, civil society, free media, and the advancement of 
        internationally recognized human rights.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (b) Funding for Civil Society and Human Rights 
Defenders.--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) Program priorities.--Amounts made available 
        for each of the fiscal years 2022 through 2026 to carry out the 
        purposes of sections 101 and 102 of the Foreign Assistance Act 
        of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2151 and 2151-1), including programs to 
        support democratic institutions, human rights defenders, civil 
        society, and freedom of the press, should be targeted, to the 
        extent feasible, toward civil society organizations in 
        countries in which emergency government measures taken in 
        response to the COVID-19 pandemic have violated internationally 
        recognized human rights.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) Eligible organizations.--Civil society 
        organizations operating in countries in which emergency 
        government measures taken in response to the COVID-19 pandemic 
        violated internationally recognized human rights shall be 
        eligible to receive funds made available to carry out the 
        purposes of sections 101 and 102 of the Foreign Assistance Act 
        of 1961 for each of the fiscal years 2022 through 2026, for--
        </DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) programs designed to strengthen and 
                support civil society, human rights defenders, freedom 
                of association, and the freedom of the press;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) programs to restore democratic 
                institutions; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (C) peacebuilding and conflict prevention 
                to address the impacts of COVID-19 on social cohesion, 
                public trust, and conflict dynamics by adapting 
                existing programs or investing in new ones.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) Final report.--Not later than 180 days after 
        the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State 
        shall submit a report to the appropriate congressional 
        committees that--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) lists the countries whose emergency 
                measures limiting internationally recognized human 
                rights in a manner inconsistent with the principles of 
                limitation and derogation remain in place;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) describes such countries' emergency 
                measures, including--</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (i) how such procedures violate 
                        internationally recognized human rights; 
                        and</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (ii) an analysis of the impact of 
                        such measures on access to health and efforts 
                        to control the COVID-19 pandemic within the 
                        country;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (C) describes--</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (i) security and intelligence 
                        surveillance measures implemented by countries 
                        during the COVID-19 pandemic;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (ii) the extent to which such 
                        measures have been, or have not been, rolled 
                        back; and</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (iii) whether and how such 
                        measures impact internationally recognized 
                        human rights; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (D) includes a strategic plan by the 
                Department of State and the United States Agency for 
                International Development that addresses, through 
                multilateral and bilateral diplomacy and foreign 
                assistance, the persistent issues related to the 
                restriction of internationally recognized human rights 
                in the COVID-19 response.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 108. PUBLIC DIPLOMACY AND COMBATING DISINFORMATION AND 
              MISINFORMATION ABOUT COVID-19.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    (a) United States Agency for Global Media.--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) Finding.--Congress finds that the United 
        States Agency for Global Media (referred to in this section as 
        ``USAGM'') broadcasting entities and grantees have proven 
        valuable in providing timely and accurate information, 
        particularly in countries in which the free press is under 
        threat.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) Sense of congress.--It is the sense of 
        Congress that--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) accurate, investigative, and 
                scientific journalism is critical for societies to 
                effectively combat global health threats; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) Congress supports--</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (i) accurate and objective 
                        investigative and scientific reporting by USAGM 
                        networks and grantees regarding COVID-19; 
                        and</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (ii) platforms that help dispel 
                        and combat misinformation about the COVID-19 
                        pandemic.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) Voice of america.--It is the sense of Congress 
        that amounts authorized to be appropriated or otherwise made 
        available to Voice of America should be used--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) to expand programs such as 
                POLYGRAPH.info;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) to provide critical tools for 
                combating propaganda associated with COVID-19; 
                and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (C) to assist journalists in providing 
                accurate information to local media outlets.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (4) Office of cuba broadcasting.--It is the sense 
        of Congress that Radio Television Marti and Digital Marti 
        should continue to broadcast programs that detect, highlight, 
        and dispel disinformation.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (5) Radio free europe/radio liberty.--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) Finding.--Congress finds that Radio 
                Free Europe/Radio Liberty (referred to in this section 
                as ``RFE/RL'') operate in media markets in which 
                authoritarian state and nonstate actors, including 
                Russia, heavily invest in misinformation and 
                disinformation campaigns designed to promote confusion 
                and mistrust.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) Sense of congress.--It is the sense of 
                Congress that RFE/RL should--</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (i) increase investigative 
                        reporting regarding the impacts of COVID-19, 
                        the political and social responses governments 
                        are taking in response to COVID-19, and the 
                        lasting impacts such actions will have on key 
                        political freedoms; and</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (ii) expand its ``digital first'' 
                        strategy.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (6) Radio free asia.--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) Finding.--Congress finds that Radio 
                Free Asia (RFA) operates in a media market dominated by 
                powerful state-run media that have invested heavily in 
                media distortion and disinformation, including about 
                COVID-19.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) Sense of congress.--It is the sense of 
                Congress that RFA should--</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (i) commission technical experts 
                        to bolster efforts to counter social media 
                        tools, including bots used by some countries to 
                        promote misinformation;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (ii) expand digital programming 
                        and local coverage to expose China's media 
                        manipulation techniques; and</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (iii) increase English language 
                        content to help counter China's propaganda 
                        directed toward English-speaking 
                        audiences.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (7) Middle east broadcasting networks.--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) Finding.--Congress finds that the 
                Middle East Broadcasting Networks operate largely in 
                closed media markets in which malign state and nonstate 
                actors remain active.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) Sense of congress.--It is the sense of 
                Congress that the Middle East Broadcasting Networks 
                should--</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (i) continue plans to expand an 
                        investigative news unit; and</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (ii) work to ensure that reporting 
                        continues amidst operational challenges on the 
                        ground.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (8) Open technology fund.--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) Finding.--Congress finds that the Open 
                Technology Fund works to advance internet freedom in 
                repressive environments by supporting technologies 
                that--</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (i) provide secure and uncensored 
                        access to USAGM's content and the broader 
                        internet; and</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (ii) counter attempts by 
                        authoritarian governments to control the 
                        internet and restrict freedom online.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) Sense of congress.--It is the sense of 
                Congress that the Open Technology Fund should--
                </DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (i) support a broad range of 
                        technologies to respond to increasingly 
                        aggressive and sophisticated censorship and 
                        surveillance threats and provide more 
                        comprehensive and tailored support to USAGM's 
                        networks; and</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (ii) provide direct assistance to 
                        USAGM's networks to improve the digital 
                        security of reporting operations and 
                        journalists.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (b) Department of State Public Diplomacy Programs.--
</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) Findings.--Congress finds the 
        following:</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) The Department of State's public 
                diplomacy programs build global networks that can 
                address shared challenges, such as the COVID-19 
                pandemic, including through exchanges of researchers, 
                public health experts, and scientists.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) The programs referred to in 
                subparagraph (A) play a critical role in creating open 
                and resilient information environments where 
                democracies can thrive, as articulated in the 2020 
                Public Diplomacy Strategic Plan, including by--
                </DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (i) improving media quality with 
                        journalist training and reporting 
                        tours;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (ii) conducting media literacy 
                        programs; and</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (iii) supporting media access 
                        activities.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (C) The International Visitor Leadership 
                Program and Digital Communications Network engaged 
                journalists around the world to combat COVID-19 
                disinformation, promote unbiased reporting, and 
                strengthen media literacy.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (D) More than 12,000 physicians holding J-
                1 visas from 130 countries--</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (i) are engaged in residency or 
                        fellowship training at approximately 750 
                        hospitals throughout the United States, the 
                        majority of whom are serving in States that 
                        have been the hardest hit by COVID-19; 
                        and</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (ii) throughout the pandemic, have 
                        served on the front lines of the medical 
                        workforce and in United States university labs 
                        researching ways to detect and treat the 
                        virus.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) Visa processing briefing.--Not later than 30 
        days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Assistant 
        Secretary for Consular Affairs shall brief the appropriate 
        congressional committees by providing--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) a timeline for increasing visa 
                processing capacities at embassies around the world, 
                notably where there are--</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (i) many American citizens, 
                        including dual nationals; and</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (ii) many visa applicants for 
                        educational and cultural exchange programs that 
                        promote United States foreign policy objectives 
                        and economic stability to small businesses, 
                        universities, and communities across the United 
                        States; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) a detailed plan for using existing 
                authorities to waive in-person appointments and 
                interviews.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) Global engagement center.--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) Finding.--Congress finds that since 
                the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, publications, 
                websites, and platforms associated with China, Russia, 
                and Iran have sponsored disinformation campaigns 
                related to the COVID-19 pandemic, including falsely 
                blaming the United States for the disease.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) Sense of congress.--It is the sense of 
                Congress that the Global Engagement Center should 
                continue its efforts to expose and counter state and 
                non-state-sponsored disinformation related to COVID-19, 
                the origins of COVID-19, and COVID-19 
                vaccinations.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 109. FINDINGS AND SENSE OF CONGRESS REGARDING THE UNITED 
              STATES INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT FINANCE 
              CORPORATION.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    (a) Findings.--Congress finds the following:</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) The COVID-19 pandemic is causing a global 
        economic recession, as evidenced by the global economic 
        indicators described in paragraphs (2) through (4).</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) The United Nations Conference on Trade and 
        Development determined that the COVID-19 pandemic pushed the 
        global economy into recession in 2020 on a scale that has not 
        been witnessed since the 1930s.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) Developed countries are expected to experience 
        a relatively more significant rebound in gross domestic product 
        growth during 2021 than is expected to be experienced in 
        developing countries, leading to concerns about a further 
        expansion in the gap between rich and poor countries, 
        particularly if this trend continues into 2022.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (4) Global markets have suffered losses ranging 
        between 5 percent and over 10 percent since the beginning of 
        the pandemic. While markets are recovering in 2021, global job 
        losses and unemployment rates remain high, with--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) approximately 33,000,000 labor hours 
                have been lost globally (13 per cent of the total hours 
                lost) due to outright unemployment; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) an estimated additional 81,000,000 
                labor hours have been lost due to inactivity or 
                underemployment.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (5) Given the prolonged nature of the COVID-19 
        pandemic, African finance ministers have requested continued 
        efforts to provide--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) additional liquidity;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) better market access;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (C) more concessional resources; 
                and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (D) an extension in the Debt Service 
                Suspension Initiative established by the Group of 
                20.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (b) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) even when markets begin to recover in the 
        future, it is likely that access to capital will be especially 
        challenging for developing countries, which still will be 
        struggling with the containment of, and the recovery from, the 
        COVID-19 pandemic;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) economic uncertainty and the inability of 
        individuals and households to generate income are major drivers 
        of political instability and social discord, which creates 
        conditions for insecurity;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) it is in the security and economic interests 
        of the United States to assist in the economic recovery of 
        developing countries that are made more vulnerable and unstable 
        from the public health and economic impacts of the COVID-19 
        pandemic;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (4) United States foreign assistance and 
        development finance institutions should seek to blunt the 
        impacts of a COVID-19 related economic recession by supporting 
        investments in sectors critical to maintaining economic 
        stability and resilience in low and middle income 
        countries;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (5) the need for the United States International 
        Development Finance Corporation's support for advancing 
        development outcomes in less developed countries, as mandated 
        by the Better Utilization of Investments Leading to Development 
        Act of 2018 (22 U.S.C. 9601 et seq.), is critical to ensuring 
        lasting and resilient economic growth in light of the COVID-19 
        pandemic's exacerbation of economic hardships and 
        challenges;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (6) the United States International Development 
        Finance Corporation should adjust its view of risk versus 
        return by taking smart risks that may produce a lower rate of 
        financial return, but produce significant development outcomes 
        in responding to the economic effects of COVID-19; 
        and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (7) to mitigate the economic impacts of the COVID-
        19 recession, the United States International Development 
        Finance Corporation should use its resources and authorities, 
        among other things--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) to ensure loan support for small- and 
                medium-sized enterprises;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) to offer local currency loans to 
                borrowers for working capital needs;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (C) to create dedicated financing 
                opportunities for new ``customers'' that are 
                experiencing financial hardship due to the COVID-19 
                pandemic; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (D) to work with other development finance 
                institutions to create co-financing facilities to 
                support customers experiencing hardship due to the 
                COVID-19 pandemic.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 110. SENSE OF CONGRESS REGARDING INTERNATIONAL 
              COOPERATION TO PREVENT AND RESPOND TO FUTURE 
              PANDEMICS.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    It is the sense of Congress that--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) global pandemic preparedness and response 
        requires international and regional cooperation and 
        action;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) the United States should lead efforts in 
        multilateral fora, such as the Group of 7, the Group of 20, and 
        the United Nations, by collaborating and cooperating with other 
        countries and international and regional organizations, 
        including the World Health Organization and other key 
        stakeholders, to implement international strategies, tools, and 
        agreements to better prevent, detect, and respond to future 
        infectious disease threats before they become pandemics; 
        and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) the United States should enhance and expand 
        coordination and collaboration among the relevant Federal 
        departments and agencies, the Food and Agriculture Organization 
        of the United Nations, the World Health Organization, and the 
        World Organization for Animal Health, to advance a One Health 
        approach toward preventing, detecting, and responding to 
        zoonotic threats in the human-animal interface.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 111. ROLES OF THE DEPARTMENT OF STATE, THE UNITED STATES 
              AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT, AND THE CENTERS FOR 
              DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION IN PANDEMIC 
              RESPONSE.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    (a) Designation of Lead Agencies for Coordination of the 
United States Response to Infectious Disease Outbreaks With Severe or 
Pandemic Potential.--In the event of an infectious disease outbreak 
outside of the United States with pandemic potential, the President 
should designate agencies to lead specific aspects of the response 
efforts, including--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) designating the Department of State to serve 
        as the lead for diplomatic engagement, and related foreign 
        policy efforts, including--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) enhanced coordination of engagement 
                with multilateral organizations and countries, and 
                mobilization of donor contributions; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) support for United States citizens 
                abroad;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) designating the United States Agency for 
        International Development to serve as the key lead agency for 
        design and implementation of the United States international 
        response, relief, and recovery assistance associated with the 
        potential pandemic outbreak by leading programmatic activities, 
        as necessary and appropriate, including--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) immediate health, disaster assistance, 
                and humanitarian response needs and prevention and 
                preparedness activities in neighboring at-risk 
                countries;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) testing, treatment, and assistance 
                with preventative care units and community care 
                facilities;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (C) surveillance, case investigation, and 
                rapid response capability;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (D) providing supplies, such as personal 
                protective, screening, and treatment 
                equipment;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (E) conducting community outreach and 
                communication and mobilization efforts;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (F) logistics support; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (G) serving as lead agency for disease 
                outbreak response abroad; and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) designating the Centers for Disease Control 
        and Prevention to serve as the public health lead for the 
        international response to the potential pandemic outbreak by 
        conducting activities, such as--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) infection prevention and control, 
                contact tracing, and laboratory surveillance and 
                training;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) building up, in coordination with the 
                United States Agency for International Development, 
                emergency operation centers;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (C) providing education and outreach; 
                and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (D) assessing the safety and efficacy of 
                vaccine and treatment candidates in the conduct of 
                clinical trials in affected countries.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 112. USAID DISASTER SURGE CAPACITY.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    (a) Surge Capacity.--Amounts authorized to be appropriated 
or otherwise made available to carry out part I and chapter 4 of part 
II of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2151 et seq.), 
including funds made available for ``Assistance for Europe, Eurasia and 
Central Asia'', may be used, in addition to amounts otherwise made 
available for such purposes, for the cost (including support costs) of 
individuals detailed to or employed by the United States Agency for 
International Development whose primary responsibility is to carry out 
programs in response to global health emergencies and natural or man-
made disasters.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (b) Notification.--Not later than 15 days before making 
funds available to address man-made disasters pursuant to subsection 
(a), the Secretary of State or the Administrator of the United States 
Agency for International Development shall notify the appropriate 
congressional committees of such action.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 113. STATEMENT OF POLICY ON HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE TO 
              COUNTRIES AFFECTED BY PANDEMICS.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    (a) Statement of Policy.--It shall be the policy of the 
United States--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) to ensure that United States assistance to 
        address pandemics, including the provision of vaccines, reaches 
        vulnerable and marginalized populations, including racial and 
        religious minorities, refugees, internally displaced persons, 
        migrants, stateless persons, women, children, the elderly, and 
        persons with disabilities;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) to ensure that United States assistance, 
        including development finance, addresses the second order 
        effects of a pandemic, including acute food insecurity; 
        and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) to protect and support humanitarian actors who 
        are essential workers in preventing, mitigating and responding 
        to the spread of a pandemic among vulnerable and marginalized 
        groups described in paragraph (1), including ensuring that such 
        humanitarian actors--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) are exempted from unreasonable travel 
                restrictions to ensure that they can effectively 
                provide life-saving assistance; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) are prioritized as frontline workers 
                in country vaccine distribution plans.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (b) Facilitating Effective and Safe Humanitarian 
Assistance.--The Secretary of State, in coordination with the 
Administrator of the United States Agency for International 
Development, should carry out actions that accomplish the policies set 
forth in subsection (a), including by--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) taking steps to ensure that travel 
        restrictions implemented to help contain the spread of a 
        pandemic are not applied to individuals authorized by the 
        United States Government to travel to, or reside in, a 
        designated country to provide assistance related to, or 
        otherwise impacted by, an outbreak;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) approving the usage of foreign assistance 
        funding for the procurement of personal protective equipment by 
        United States Government implementing partners from businesses 
        within or nearby the country receiving foreign assistance on an 
        urgent basis and in a manner consistent with efforts to respond 
        to the spread of a pandemic in the United States; and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) waiving certain travel restrictions 
        implemented to help contain the spread of a pandemic in order 
        to facilitate the medical evacuation of United States 
        Government implementing partners, regardless of 
        nationality.</DELETED>

       <DELETED>TITLE II--INTERNATIONAL PANDEMIC PREVENTION AND 
                         PREPAREDNESS</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 201. PARTNER COUNTRY DEFINED.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    In this title, the term ``partner country'' means a 
foreign country in which the relevant Federal departments and agencies 
are implementing United States assistance for global health security 
and pandemic prevention and preparedness under this Act.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 202. GLOBAL HEALTH SECURITY STRATEGY AND 
              REPORT.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    (a) In General.--The President shall develop, update, 
maintain, and advance a comprehensive strategy for improving global 
health security and pandemic prevention, preparedness, and response 
that--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) clearly articulates the policy goals related 
        to pandemic prevention, preparedness, and response, and actions 
        necessary to elevate and strengthen United States diplomatic 
        leadership in global health security and pandemic preparedness, 
        including by building the expertise of the diplomatic 
        corps;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) improves the effectiveness of United States 
        foreign assistance to prevent, detect, and respond to 
        infectious disease threats, through a One Health approach, 
        including through the advancement of the Global Health Security 
        Agenda, the International Health Regulations (2005), and other 
        relevant frameworks and programs that contribute to global 
        health security and pandemic preparedness;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) establishes specific and measurable goals, 
        benchmarks, timetables, performance metrics, and monitoring and 
        evaluation plans for United States foreign policy and 
        assistance for global health security that promote learning and 
        adaptation and reflect international best practices relating to 
        global health security, transparency, and 
        accountability;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (4) establishes transparent means to improve 
        coordination and performance by the relevant Federal 
        departments and agencies and sets out clear roles and 
        responsibilities that reflect the unique capabilities and 
        resources of each such department and agency;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (5) establishes mechanisms to improve coordination 
        and avoid duplication of effort among the relevant Federal 
        departments and agencies, partner countries, donor countries, 
        the private sector, multilateral organizations, and other key 
        stakeholders, and ensures collaboration at the country 
        level;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (6) supports, and is aligned with, partner 
        country-led, global health security policy and investment 
        plans, developed with input from key stakeholders, as 
        appropriate;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (7) prioritizes working with partner countries 
        with--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) demonstrated need, as identified 
                through the Joint External Evaluation process, the 
                Global Health Security Index classification of health 
                systems, national action plans for health security, 
                Global Health Security Agenda Action Packages, other 
                risk-based assessments, and other complementary or 
                successor indicators of global health security and 
                pandemic preparedness; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) demonstrated commitment to 
                transparency, including budget and global health data 
                transparency, complying with the International Health 
                Regulations (2005), investing in domestic health 
                systems, and achieving measurable results;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (8) reduces long-term reliance upon United States 
        foreign assistance for global health security by--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) helping build and enhance community 
                resilience to infectious disease emergencies and 
                threats, such as COVID-19 and Ebola;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) ensuring that United States global 
                health assistance is strategically planned and 
                coordinated in a manner that contributes to the 
                strengthening of overall health systems and builds the 
                capacity of local organizations and 
                institutions;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (C) promoting improved domestic resource 
                mobilization, co-financing, and appropriate national 
                budget allocations for strong health systems, global 
                health security, and pandemic preparedness and response 
                in partner countries; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (D) ensuring partner country ownership of 
                global health security strategies, data, programs, and 
                outcomes;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (9) supports health budget and workforce planning 
        in partner countries, including training in public financial 
        management and budget data transparency;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (10) works to ensure that--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) partner countries have national action 
                plans for health security that are developed with input 
                from key stakeholders, including communities and the 
                private sector; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) United States foreign assistance for 
                global health security is aligned with existing 
                national action plans for health security in partner 
                countries, developed with input from key stakeholders, 
                including communities and the private sector, to the 
                greatest extent practicable and appropriate;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (11) strengthens linkages between complementary 
        bilateral and multilateral foreign assistance programs, 
        including efforts of the World Bank, the World Health 
        Organization, the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis, and 
        Malaria, Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance, and regional health 
        organizations, that contribute to the development of more 
        resilient health systems and supply chains in partner countries 
        with the capacity, resources, and personnel required to 
        prevent, detect, and respond to infectious disease threats; 
        and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (12) supports innovation and partnerships with the 
        private sector, health organizations, civil society, 
        nongovernmental organizations, and health research and academic 
        institutions to improve pandemic preparedness and response, 
        including for the prevention and detection of infectious 
        disease, and the development and deployment of effective, 
        accessible, and affordable infectious disease tracking tools, 
        diagnostics, therapeutics, and vaccines.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (b) Submission of Strategy.--Not later than 120 days after 
the date of the enactment of this Act, the President shall submit the 
strategy required under subsection (a) to the appropriate congressional 
committees.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (c) Annual Report.--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the 
        submission of the strategy to the appropriate congressional 
        committees under subsection (b), and not later than October 1 
        of each year thereafter for the following 4 fiscal years, the 
        President shall submit a report to the appropriate 
        congressional committees that describes--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) the status of the implementation of 
                the strategy required under subsection (a);</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) any necessary updates to the 
                strategy;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (C) the progress made in implementing the 
                strategy, with specific information related to the 
                progress toward improving countries' ability to detect, 
                respond and prevent the spread of infectious disease 
                threats, such as COVID-19 and Ebola; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (D) details on the status of funds made 
                available to carry out the purposes of this 
                title.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) Agency-specific plans.--The reports required 
        under paragraph (1) shall include specific implementation plans 
        from each relevant Federal department and agency that 
        describe--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) how updates to the strategy may have 
                impacted the agency's plan during the preceding 
                calendar year;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) the progress made in meeting the 
                goals, objectives, and benchmarks under implementation 
                plans during the preceding year;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (C) the anticipated staffing plans and 
                contributions of the department or agency, including 
                technical, financial, and in-kind contributions, to 
                implement the strategy;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (D) a transparent, open, and detailed 
                accounting of obligations by each of the relevant 
                Federal departments and agencies to implement the 
                strategy, including--</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (i) the statutory source of 
                        obligated funds;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (ii) the amounts 
                        obligated;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (iii) implementing 
                        partners;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (iv) targeted beneficiaries; 
                        and</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (v) activities 
                        supported;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (E) the efforts of the relevant Federal 
                department or agency to ensure that the activities and 
                programs carried out pursuant to the strategy are 
                designed to achieve maximum impact and enduring 
                returns, including through specific activities to 
                strengthen health systems, as appropriate; 
                and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (F) a plan for regularly reviewing and 
                updating programs and partnerships, and for sharing 
                lessons learned with a wide range of stakeholders in an 
                open, transparent manner.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) Form.--The reports required under paragraph 
        (1) shall be submitted in unclassified form, but may contain a 
        classified annex.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 203. COMMITTEE ON GLOBAL HEALTH SECURITY AND PANDEMIC AND 
              BIOLOGICAL THREATS.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    (a) Statement of Policy.--It shall be the policy of the 
United States--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) to promote global health security as a core 
        national and security interest; and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) to ensure effective coordination and 
        collaboration between the relevant Federal departments and 
        agencies engaged domestically and internationally in efforts to 
        advance the global health security of the United States, in 
        accordance with paragraph (1).</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (b) Coordination.--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) Defined term.--In this subsection, the term 
        ``pandemic threat'' means any infectious disease that--
        </DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) has an aggregation of cases in a 
                community that rises above what is normally expected in 
                that population in that area;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) has the potential to spread over 
                several countries or continents; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (C) could, if not addressed, threaten the 
                national security of the United States.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) Committee on global health security and 
        pandemic and biological threats.--There is authorized to be 
        established, within the National Security Council, the 
        Committee on Global Health Security and Pandemic and Biological 
        Threats (referred to in this subsection as the ``Committee''), 
        whose day to day operations should be led by the Special 
        Advisor for Global Health Security.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) Special advisor for global health security.--
        The Special Advisor for Global Health Security referred to in 
        paragraph (2)--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) should serve as part of the staff of 
                the National Security Council; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) may also be the Senior Director for a 
                Global Health Security and Biodefense Directorate 
                within the Executive Office of the President, who 
                reports to the Assistant to the President for National 
                Security Affairs.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (4) Composition.--The Committee should include the 
        following members:</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) The Director of National 
                Intelligence.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) The Secretary of State.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (C) The Secretary of Defense.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (D) The Secretary of Health and Human 
                Services.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (E) The Administrator of the United States 
                Agency for International Development.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (F) The Secretary of 
                Agriculture.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (G) The Secretary of the 
                Treasury.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (H) The Attorney General.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (I) The Secretary of Homeland 
                Security.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (J) The Office of Management and 
                Budget.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (K) The Administrator of the Environmental 
                Protection Agency.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (L) The Director of the Centers for 
                Disease Control and Prevention.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (M) The Director of the Office of Science 
                and Technology Policy.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (N) The Assistant to the President for 
                National Security Affairs, who should serve as the 
                chairperson of the Committee.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (O) Such other members as the President 
                may designate.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (5) Functions.--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) In general.--The functions of the 
                Committee should be--</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (i) to provide strategic guidance 
                        for the development of a policy framework for 
                        activities of the United States Government 
                        relating to global health security, including 
                        pandemic prevention, preparedness and response; 
                        and</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (ii) to ensure policy coordination 
                        between United States Government agencies, 
                        especially coordination between--</DELETED>
                                <DELETED>    (I) agencies with a 
                                primarily domestic mandate; 
                                and</DELETED>
                                <DELETED>    (II) agencies with an 
                                international mandate relating to 
                                global health security and pandemic 
                                threats.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) Activities.--In carrying out the 
                functions described in subparagraph (A), the Committee 
                should--</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (i) conduct, in coordination with 
                        the heads of relevant Federal agencies, a 
                        review of existing United States health 
                        security policies and strategies and develop 
                        recommendations for how the Federal Government 
                        may regularly update and harmonize such 
                        policies and strategies to ensure the timely 
                        development of a comprehensive coordinated 
                        strategy to enable the United States Government 
                        to respond to pandemic threats and to monitor 
                        the implementation of such 
                        strategies;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (ii) develop a plan for--
                        </DELETED>
                                <DELETED>    (I) establishing an 
                                interagency National Center for 
                                Epidemic Forecasting and Outbreak 
                                Analytics; and</DELETED>
                                <DELETED>    (II) modernizing global 
                                early warning and trigger systems for 
                                scaling action to prevent, detect, 
                                respond to, and recover from emerging 
                                biological threats;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (iii) provide policy-level 
                        recommendations to participating agencies 
                        regarding the Global Health Security Agenda 
                        goals, objectives, and implementation, and 
                        other international efforts to strengthen 
                        pandemic prevention, preparedness and 
                        response;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (iv) review the progress toward, 
                        and working to resolve challenges in, achieving 
                        United States commitments under the 
                        GHSA;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (v) develop protocols for 
                        coordinating and deploying a global response to 
                        emerging high-consequence infectious disease 
                        threats that outline the respective roles for 
                        relevant Federal agencies in facilitating and 
                        supporting such response operations that should 
                        facilitate the operational work of Federal 
                        agencies, and of the Special Advisor for Global 
                        Health Security;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (vi) make recommendations 
                        regarding appropriate responses to specific 
                        pandemic threats and ensure the coordination of 
                        domestic and international agencies regarding 
                        the Federal Government's efforts to prevent, 
                        detect, respond to, and recover from biological 
                        events; and</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (vii) take steps to strengthen the 
                        global pandemic supply chain and address any 
                        barriers to the timely delivery of supplies in 
                        response to a pandemic, including through 
                        engagement with the private sector, as 
                        appropriate;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (C) develop policies and procedures to 
                ensure the effective sharing of information from 
                domestic and international sources about pandemic 
                threats among the relevant Federal departments and 
                agencies, State and local governments, and 
                international partners and organizations; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (D) develop guidelines to enhance and 
                improve the operational coordination between State and 
                local governments and Federal agencies with respect to 
                pandemic threats.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (6) Foreign affairs responsibilities.--The 
        Committee should not assume any foreign affairs 
        responsibilities of the Secretary of State, including the 
        responsibility to oversee the implementation of programs and 
        policies that advance global health security within foreign 
        countries.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (7) Specific roles and responsibilities.--
        </DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) In general.--The heads of the agencies 
                listed in paragraph (4) should--</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (i) make global health security 
                        and pandemic threat reduction a high priority 
                        within their respective agencies, and include 
                        global health security and pandemic threat 
                        reduction-related activities within their 
                        respective agencies' strategic planning and 
                        budget processes;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (ii) designate a senior-level 
                        official to be responsible for global health 
                        security and pandemic threat reduction at each 
                        of their respective agencies;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (iii) designate, in accordance 
                        with paragraph (4), an appropriate 
                        representative at the Assistant Secretary level 
                        or higher to participate on the Committee in 
                        instances where the head of the agency cannot 
                        participate;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (iv) keep the Committee apprised 
                        of Global Health Security and pandemic threat 
                        reduction-related activities undertaken within 
                        their respective agencies;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (v) ensure interagency cooperation 
                        and collaboration and maintain responsibility 
                        for agency-related programmatic functions 
                        including, as applicable, in coordination with 
                        host governments, country teams, and global 
                        health security in-country teams; and</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (vi) keep the Committee apprised 
                        of GHSA-related activities undertaken within 
                        their respective agencies.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) Additional roles and 
                responsibilities.--In addition to the roles and 
                responsibilities described in subparagraph (A), the 
                heads of the agencies described in paragraph (4) should 
                carry out their respective roles and responsibilities 
                described in Executive Order 13747 (81 Fed. Reg. 78701; 
                relating to Advancing the Global Health Security Agenda 
                to Achieve a World Safe and Secure from Infectious 
                Disease Threats) and the National Security Memorandum-1 
                on United States Global Leadership to Strengthen the 
                International COVID-19 Response and to Advance Global 
                Health Security and Biological Preparedness, as in 
                effect on the day before the date of the enactment of 
                this Act.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 204. UNITED STATES OVERSEAS GLOBAL HEALTH SECURITY AND 
              DIPLOMACY COORDINATION AND STRATEGY.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    (a) Establishment.--There is established, within the 
Department of State, a Special Representative for United States 
International Activities to Advance Global Health Security and 
Diplomacy Overseas (referred to in this section as the ``Special 
Representative'').</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (b) Appointment; Qualifications.--The Special 
Representative--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) shall be appointed by the President, by and 
        with the advice and consent of the Senate;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) shall report to the Secretary of State; 
        and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) shall have--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) demonstrated knowledge and experience 
                in the fields of development and public health, 
                epidemiology, or medicine; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) relevant diplomatic, policy, and 
                political expertise.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (c) Authorities.--The Special Representative is 
authorized--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) to operate internationally to carry out the 
        purposes of this title;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) to lead in developing a global pandemic 
        prevention, preparedness and response framework to support 
        global pandemic prevention, preparedness, responses and 
        recovery efforts, including through--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) diplomatic engagement and related 
                foreign policy efforts, such as multilateral and 
                bilateral arrangements, enhanced coordination of 
                engagement with multilateral organizations and 
                countries, and the mobilization of donor contributions; 
                and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) support for United States citizens 
                living abroad, including consular support;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) to serve as the representative of the 
        Secretary of the State on the Committee on Global Health 
        Security and Pandemic and Biological Threats under section 
        202;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (4) to represent the United States on the Fund for 
        Global Health Security and Pandemic Prevention and Preparedness 
        established pursuant to section 302(a);</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (5) to transfer and allocate United States foreign 
        assistance funding authorized to be appropriated pursuant to 
        subsection (f) to the relevant Federal departments and agencies 
        implementing the strategy required under section 202, in 
        coordination with the Office of Management and Budget, the 
        United States Agency for International Development, the 
        Department of Health and Human Services, and the Office of 
        Foreign Assistance Resources in the Department of 
        State;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (6) to utilize detailees, on a reimbursable or 
        nonreimbursable basis, from the relevant Federal departments 
        and agencies and hire personal service contractors, who may 
        operate domestically and internationally, to ensure that the 
        Office of the Special Representative has access to the highest 
        quality experts available to the United States Government to 
        carry out the functions under this Act; and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (7) to perform such other functions as the 
        Secretary of State may assign.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (d) Duties.--The Special Representative shall coordinate, 
manage, and oversee United States foreign policy, diplomatic efforts, 
and foreign assistance funded with amounts appropriated pursuant to 
subsection (f) to advance the United States Global Health Security and 
Diplomacy Strategy developed pursuant to section 202, including by--
</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) developing and coordinating a global pandemic 
        prevention, preparedness and response framework to support 
        pandemic preparedness, responses and recovery efforts, and 
        related foreign policy measures, such as multilateral and 
        bilateral arrangements;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) enhancing engagement with multilateral 
        organizations and partner countries, including through the 
        mobilization of donor support;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) enhancing coordination of consular services 
        for United States citizens abroad in the event of a global 
        health emergency;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (4) ensuring effective program coordination and 
        implementation by the relevant Federal departments and agencies 
        by--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) formulating, issuing, and updating 
                related policy guidance;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) establishing, in consultation with the 
                United States Agency for International Development and 
                the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, unified 
                auditing, monitoring, and evaluation plans;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (C) aligning, in coordination with United 
                States chiefs of mission and country teams in partner 
                countries--</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (i) the foreign assistance 
                        resources funded with amounts appropriated 
                        pursuant to subsection (f); and</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (ii) the implementation plans 
                        required under section 202(c)(2) with the 
                        relevant Federal departments and agencies in a 
                        manner that--</DELETED>
                                <DELETED>    (I) is consistent with 
                                Executive Order 13747 (81 Fed. Reg. 
                                78701; relating to Advancing the Global 
                                Health Security Agenda to Achieve a 
                                World Safe and Secure from Infectious 
                                Disease Threats);</DELETED>
                                <DELETED>    (II) is consistent with 
                                the National Security Memorandum on 
                                United States Global Leadership to 
                                Strengthen the International COVID-19 
                                Response and to Advance Global Health 
                                Security and Biological Preparedness, 
                                issued by President Biden on January 
                                21, 2021; and</DELETED>
                                <DELETED>    (III) reflects and 
                                leverages the unique capabilities of 
                                each such department and 
                                agency;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (D) convening, as appropriate, an 
                interagency working group on pandemic prevention and 
                preparedness, headed by the Special Representative and 
                including representatives from the relevant Federal 
                departments and agencies, to facilitate coordination of 
                activities relating to pandemic prevention and 
                preparedness in partner countries under this 
                Act;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (E) working with, and leveraging the 
                expertise and activities of, the Office of the United 
                States Global AIDS Coordinator, the Office of the 
                United States Global Malaria Coordinator, and similar 
                or successor entities that are implementing United 
                States global health assistance overseas; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (F) avoiding duplication of effort and 
                working to resolve policy, program, and funding 
                disputes among the relevant Federal departments and 
                agencies;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (5) leading diplomatic efforts to identify and 
        address current and emerging threats to global health 
        security;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (6) ensuring, in coordination with the Secretary 
        of Health and Human Services and the Administrator of the 
        United States Agency for International Development, effective 
        representation of the United States in relevant international 
        forums, including at the World Health Organization, the World 
        Health Assembly, and meetings of the Global Health Security 
        Agenda and of the Global Health Security Initiative;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (7) working to enhance coordination with, and 
        transparency among, the governments of partner countries and 
        key stakeholders, including the private sector;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (8) promoting greater donor and national 
        investment in partner countries to build more resilient health 
        systems and supply chains, including through representation and 
        participation in a multilateral, catalytic financing mechanism 
        for global health security and pandemic prevention and 
        preparedness, consistent with title III;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (9) securing bilateral and multilateral financing 
        commitments to advance the Global Health Security Agenda, 
        including through funding for the financing mechanism described 
        in title III; and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (10) providing regular updates to the appropriate 
        congressional committees regarding the fulfillment of the 
        duties described in this subsection.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (e) Deputy Representative.--The Special Representative 
should be supported by a deputy, who--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) should be an employee of the United States 
        Agency for International Development serving in a career or 
        noncareer position in the Senior Executive Service or at the 
        level of a Deputy Assistant Administrator or higher;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) should have demonstrated knowledge and 
        experience in the fields of development and public health, 
        epidemiology, or medicine; and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) serves concurrently as the deputy and performs 
        the functions described in section 3(h) of Executive Order 
        13747 (81 Fed. Reg. 78701).</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (f) Authorization of Appropriations.--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) In general.--There is authorized to be 
        appropriated $3,000,000,000, for the 5-year period beginning on 
        October 1, 2022, to carry out the purposes of this section and 
        title III, which, in consultation with the appropriate 
        congressional committees and subject to the requirements under 
        chapters 1 and 10 of part I and section 634A of the Foreign 
        Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2151 et seq.), may include 
        support for--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) enhancing preparedness in partner 
                countries through implementation of the Global Health 
                Security Strategy developed pursuant to section 
                202;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) replenishing the Emergency Reserve 
                Fund at the United States Agency for International 
                Development, established pursuant to section 7058(c)(1) 
                of the Department of State, Foreign Operations, and 
                Related Programs Appropriations Act, 2017 (division J 
                of Public Law 115-31) to address new or emerging 
                infectious disease threats, as necessary and 
                appropriate;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (C) United States contributions to the 
                World Bank Health Emergency Preparedness and Response 
                Multi-Donor Fund; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (D) United States contributions to a 
                multilateral, catalytic financing mechanism for global 
                health security and pandemic prevention and 
                preparedness described in section 302.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) Exception.--Section 110 of the Trafficking 
        Victims Protection Act of 2000 (22 U.S.C. 7107) shall not apply 
        to assistance made available pursuant to this 
        subsection.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 205. RESILIENCE.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    It shall be the policy of the United States to support the 
growth of healthier, more stable societies, while advancing the global 
health security interests of the United States by working with key 
stakeholders--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) in developing countries that are highly 
        vulnerable to the emergence, reemergence, and spread of 
        infectious diseases with pandemic potential, including diseases 
        resulting from natural and manmade disasters, human 
        displacement, loss of natural habitat, poor access to water, 
        sanitation, and hygiene, and other political, security, 
        economic, and climatic shocks and stresses;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) to develop effective tools to identify, 
        analyze, forecast, and mitigate the risks that make such 
        countries vulnerable;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) to better integrate short-, medium-, and long-
        term recovery efforts into global health emergency response and 
        disaster relief; and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (4) to ensure that international assistance and 
        financing tools are effectively designed, objectively informed, 
        strategically targeted, carefully coordinated, reasonably 
        adapted, and rigorously monitored and evaluated in a manner 
        that advances the policy objectives under this 
        section.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 206. STRENGTHENING HEALTH SYSTEMS.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    (a) Statement of Policy.--It shall be the policy of the 
United States to ensure that bilateral global health assistance 
programs are effectively managed and coordinated to contribute to the 
strengthening of health systems in each country in which such programs 
are carried out, as necessary and appropriate.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (b) Coordination.--The Administrator of the United States 
Agency for International Development (referred to in this section as 
``USAID'') shall work with the Director of the Centers for Disease 
Control and Prevention, the Global Malaria Coordinator, and the United 
States Global AIDS Coordinator and Special Representative for Global 
Health Diplomacy at the Department of State to identify areas of 
collaboration and coordination in countries with global health programs 
and activities undertaken by USAID pursuant to the United States 
Leadership Against HIV/AIDS, Tuberculosis, and Malaria Act of 2003 
(Public Law 108-25) and other relevant statutes to ensure that such 
activities contribute to health systems strengthening.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (c) Pilot Program.--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) In general.--The Administrator of USAID should 
        identify not fewer than 5 countries in which the United States 
        has significant bilateral investments in global health to 
        develop an integrated approach toward health systems 
        strengthening that takes advantage of all sources of funding 
        for global health in such country, with the aim of establishing 
        a model for coordinating health systems strengthening 
        activities in additional countries in the future.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) Assessment.--In the countries selected under 
        paragraph (1), USAID missions, in consultation with USAID's 
        Office of Health Systems Strengthening, should conduct an 
        assessment that--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) takes a comprehensive view of the 
                constraints in the country's health system that prevent 
                the achievement of desired outcomes of United States 
                Government-supported health programs;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) identifies the best opportunities for 
                improving health systems to achieve improved outcomes, 
                including obstacles to health service 
                delivery;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (C) maps the resources of the country and 
                other donors in the health sector with a focus on 
                investment in health system strengthening; 
                and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (D) develops and implements a new or 
                revised 5-year strategy for United States assistance, 
                based on the results of the assessment described in 
                subparagraph (A), to strengthen the country's health 
                system that--</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (i) provides a framework for 
                        implementing such strategy;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (ii) identifies key areas for 
                        United States Government investments to 
                        strengthen the health system in alignment with 
                        other donors;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (iii) specifies the anticipated 
                        role of health programs undertaken by each of 
                        the relevant Federal departments and agencies 
                        operating in the country in implementing such 
                        strategy; and</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (iv) includes clear goals, 
                        benchmarks, outputs, desired outcomes, a means 
                        of measuring progress and a cost 
                        analysis.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) Strategies to strengthen health systems.--
        USAID missions in countries identified pursuant paragraph (1) 
        should develop a strategy to strengthen health systems based on 
        the assessment developed pursuant to paragraph (2) that--
        </DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) ensures complementarity with 
                priorities identified under any other action plan 
                focused on strengthening a country's health system, 
                such as the World Health Organization's Joint External 
                Evaluation and National Action Plans for Health 
                Security;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) identifies bureaucratic barriers and 
                inefficiencies, including poor linkages between 
                government ministries and between ministries and donor 
                agencies and the extent of any corruption, and identify 
                actions to overcome such barriers;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (C) identifies potential obstacles to the 
                implementation of the strategy, such as issues relating 
                to lack of political will or poor governance of an 
                effective health system at all levels of the country's 
                public health systems, especially with respect to 
                governing bodies and councils at the provincial, 
                district, and community levels;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (D) includes proposals for mobilizing 
                sufficient and durable financing for health 
                systems;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (E) identifies barriers to building and 
                retaining an effective frontline health workforce with 
                key global health security capacities, informed by the 
                International Health Regulations (2005), including--
                </DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (i) strengthened data collection 
                        and analysis;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (ii) data driven decisionmaking 
                        capacity; and</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (iii) recommendations for partner 
                        country actions to achieve a workforce that 
                        conforms with the World Health Organization's 
                        recommendation for at least 44.5 doctors, 
                        nurses, and midwives for every 10,000 
                        people;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (F) identifies deficiencies in information 
                systems and communication technologies that prevent 
                linkages at all levels of the health system delivery 
                and medical supply systems and promotes 
                interoperability across data systems with real time 
                data, while protecting data security;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (G) identifies weaknesses in supply chain 
                and procurement systems and practices, and recommends 
                ways to improve the efficiency, transparency, and 
                effectiveness of such systems and practices;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (H) identifies obstacles to health service 
                access and quality and improved health outcomes for 
                women and girls, and for the poorest and most 
                vulnerable, including a lack of social support and 
                other underlying causes, and recommendations for how to 
                overcome such obstacles;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (I) includes plans for integrating 
                innovations in health technologies, services, and 
                systems;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (J) identifies barriers to health 
                literacy, community engagement, and patient 
                empowerment, and recommendations for overcoming such 
                barriers;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (K) includes proposals for strengthening 
                community health systems and the community-based health 
                workforce informed by the World Health Organization 
                guideline on health policy and system support to 
                optimize community health worker programmes (2018), 
                including the professionalization of community health 
                workers; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (L) describes the role of the private 
                sector and nongovernmental health providers, including 
                community groups engaged in health promotion and mutual 
                assistance and other institutions engaged in health 
                delivery, including the extent to which the local 
                population utilizes such health services.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (4) Consultation.--In developing a strategy 
        pursuant to paragraph (3), each USAID mission should consult 
        with a wide variety of stakeholders, including--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) relevant partner government 
                institutions;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) professional associations;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (C) patient groups;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (D) civil society organizations (including 
                international nongovernmental organizations with 
                relevant expertise in program implementation); 
                and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (E) the private sector.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (d) International Efforts.--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) Coordination.--The Secretary of State, in 
        coordination with the Administrator of USAID, should work with 
        the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis, and Malaria, Gavi, 
        the Vaccine Alliance, bilateral donors, and other relevant 
        multilateral and international organizations and stakeholders 
        to develop--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) shared core indicators for 
                strengthened health systems;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) agreements among donors that reporting 
                requirements for health systems come from country 
                systems to reduce the burden placed on partner 
                countries;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (C) structures for joint assessments, 
                plans, auditing, and consultations; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (D) a regularized approach to coordination 
                on health systems strengthening.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (e) Public Private Partnerships To Improve Health Systems 
Strengthening.--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) Inclusion in country strategies.--The country 
        strategies developed under subsection (c)(3) should include a 
        section that--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) discusses the role of the private 
                sector (including corporate, local, and international 
                organizations with relevant expertise); and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) identifies relevant opportunities for 
                the private sector--</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (i) to accelerate research and 
                        development of innovative health and 
                        information technology, and to offer training 
                        related to its use;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (ii) to contribute to improvements 
                        in health administration and management 
                        processes;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (iii) to improve system 
                        efficiency;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (iv) to develop training related 
                        to clinical practice guidelines; and</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (v) to help countries develop 
                        systems for documenting outcomes and 
                        achievements related to activities undertaken 
                        to strengthen the health sector.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (f) Authorization for Use of Funds.--Amounts authorized to 
be appropriated or otherwise made available to carry out section 104 of 
the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2151b) may be made 
available to carry out this section.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 207. ADDITIONAL AUTHORITIES.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    (a) Foreign Assistance Act of 1961.--Chapter 1 of part I 
of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2151 et seq.) is 
amended--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) in section 104(c)(1) (22 U.S.C. 2151b(c)(1)), 
        by inserting ``(emphasizing health systems strengthening, as 
        appropriate)'' after ``health services'';</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) in section 104A (22 U.S.C. 2151b-2)--
        </DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) in subsection (b)(3)(D), by striking 
                ``including health care systems, under other 
                international donor support'' and inserting ``including 
                through support for health systems strengthening, under 
                other donor support''; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) in subsection (f)(3)(Q), by inserting 
                ``the Office of the United States Global AIDS 
                Coordinator, partner countries, and the Global Fund to 
                Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis, and Malaria to ensure that 
                their actions support the activities taken to 
                strengthen the overall health systems in recipient 
                countries, and efforts by'' after ``efforts by''; 
                and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) in section 104B(g)(2) (22 U.S.C. 2151b-
        3(g)(2)), by inserting ``strengthening the health system of the 
        country and'' after ``contribute to''.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (b) United States Leadership Against HIV/AIDS, 
Tuberculosis, and Malaria Act of 2003.--Section 204 of the United 
States Leadership Against HIV/AIDS, Tuberculosis, and Malaria Act of 
2003 (22 U.S.C. 7623) is amended--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) in subsection (a)--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) in paragraph (1)(A), by inserting ``in 
                a manner that is coordinated with, and contributes to, 
                efforts through other assistance activities being 
                carried out to strengthen national health systems and 
                health policies'' after ``systems''; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) in paragraph (2)--</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (i) in subparagraph (C), by 
                        inserting ``as part of a strategy to improve 
                        overall health'' before the semicolon at the 
                        end;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (ii) in subparagraph (D), by 
                        striking ``and'' at the end;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (iii) in subparagraph (E), by 
                        striking the period at the end and inserting 
                        ``; and''; and</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (iv) by adding at the end the 
                        following:</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(F) to contribute to efforts that build 
                health systems capable of preventing, detecting and 
                responding to HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, malaria and other 
                infectious diseases with pandemic potential.''; 
                and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) in subsection (b), by striking ``receive 
        funding to carry out programs to combat HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, 
        and malaria'' and inserting ``more effectively budget for and 
        receive funding to carry out programs to strengthen health 
        systems such that countries are able to more effectively combat 
        HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, and malaria, to prevent, respond and 
        detect other diseases with pandemic potential,''.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 208. AUTHORIZATION FOR UNITED STATES PARTICIPATION IN THE 
              COALITION FOR EPIDEMIC PREPAREDNESS 
              INNOVATIONS.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    (a) In General.--The United States is authorized to 
participate in the Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations 
(referred to in this section as ``CEPI'').</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (b) Investors Council and Board of Directors.--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) Initial designation.--The President shall 
        designate an employee of the United States Agency for 
        International Development to serve on the Investors Council 
        and, if nominated, on the Board of Directors of CEPI, as a 
        representative of the United States during the period beginning 
        on the date of such designation and ending on September 30, 
        2022.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) Ongoing designations.--The President may 
        designate an employee of the relevant Federal department or 
        agency with fiduciary responsibility for United States 
        contributions to CEPI to serve on the Investors Council and, if 
        nominated, on the Board of Directors of CEPI, as a 
        representative of the United States.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) Qualifications.--Any employee designated 
        pursuant to paragraph (1) or (2) shall have demonstrated 
        knowledge and experience in the fields of development and 
        public health, epidemiology, or medicine, from the Federal 
        department or agency with primary fiduciary responsibility for 
        United States contributions pursuant to subsection 
        (c).</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (c) Consultation.--Not later than 60 days after the date 
of the enactment of this Act, the employee designated pursuant to 
subsection (b)(1) shall consult with the appropriate congressional 
committees regarding--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) the manner and extent to which the United 
        States plans to participate in CEPI, including through the 
        governance of CEPI;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) any planned financial contributions from the 
        United States to CEPI; and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) how participation in CEPI is expected to 
        support--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) the United States Global Health 
                Security Strategy required under this Act;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) the applicable revision of the 
                National Biodefense Strategy required under section 
                1086 of the National Defense Authorization Act for 
                Fiscal Year 2017 (6 U.S.C. 104); and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (C) any other relevant programs relating 
                to global health security and biodefense.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (d) United States Contributions.--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) Sense of congress.--It is the sense of 
        Congress that the President, consistent with the provisions 
        under section 10003(a)(1) of the American Rescue Plan Act of 
        2021, should make an immediate contribution to CEPI in the 
        amount of $300,000,000, to expand research and development of 
        vaccines to combat the spread of COVID-19 variants.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) Notification.--Not later than 15 days before a 
        contribution is made available pursuant to paragraph (1), the 
        President shall notify the appropriate congressional committees 
        of the details of the amount, purposes, and national interests 
        served by such contribution.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 209. NATIONAL INTELLIGENCE ESTIMATE AND BRIEFING 
              REGARDING NOVEL DISEASES AND PANDEMIC THREATS.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    (a) Defined Term.--In this section, the term ``appropriate 
committees of Congress'' means--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) the Committee on Foreign Relations of the 
        Senate;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) the Select Committee on Intelligence of the 
        Senate;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and 
        Pensions of the Senate;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (4) the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House 
        of Representatives;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (5) the Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence 
        of the House of Representatives; and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (6) the Committee on Energy and Commerce of the 
        House of Representatives.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (b) National Intelligence Estimates.--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the 
        date of the enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter for 
        the following 4 years, the National Intelligence Council shall 
        submit to the appropriate committees of Congress a National 
        Intelligence Estimate regarding the risks posed to the national 
        security interests of the United States by the emergence, 
        reemergence, and overseas transmission of pathogens with 
        pandemic potential.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) Elements.--The National Intelligence Estimate 
        submitted pursuant to paragraph (1) shall--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) identify the countries or regions most 
                vulnerable to the emergence or reemergence of a 
                pathogen with pandemic potential, including the most 
                likely sources and pathways of such emergence or 
                reemergence, whether naturally occurring, accidental, 
                or deliberate;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) assess the likelihood that a pathogen 
                described in subparagraph (A) will spread to the United 
                States, the United States Armed Forces, diplomatic or 
                development personnel of the United States stationed 
                abroad, or citizens of the United States living abroad 
                in a manner that could lead to an epidemic in the 
                United States or otherwise affect the national security 
                or economic prosperity of the United States;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (C) assess the preparedness of countries 
                around the world, particularly those identified 
                pursuant to subparagraph (A), to prevent, detect, and 
                respond to pandemic threats; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (D) identify any scientific, capacity, or 
                governance gaps in the preparedness of countries 
                identified pursuant to subparagraph (A), including an 
                analysis of the capacity and performance of any country 
                or entity described in subparagraph (C) in complying 
                with biosecurity standards, as applicable.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (c) Congressional Briefings.--The National Intelligence 
Council shall provide an annual briefing to the appropriate committees 
of Congress regarding--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) the most recent National Intelligence Estimate 
        submitted pursuant to subsection (b)(1); and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) the emergence or reemergence of pathogens with 
        pandemic potential that could lead to an epidemic described in 
        subsection (b)(2)(B).</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (d) Public Availability.--The Director of National 
Intelligence shall make publicly available an unclassified version of 
each National Intelligence Estimate submitted pursuant to subsection 
(b)(1).</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 210. PANDEMIC EARLY WARNING NETWORK.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    (a) In General.--The Secretary of State, in coordination 
with the Administrator of the United States Agency for International 
Development, the Secretary of Health and Human Services, and the heads 
of the other relevant Federal departments and agencies, shall work with 
the World Health Organization and other key stakeholders to establish 
or strengthen effective early warning systems, at the partner country, 
regional, and international levels, that utilize innovative information 
and analytical tools and robust review processes to track, document, 
analyze, and forecast infectious disease threats with epidemic and 
pandemic potential.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (b) Report.--Not later than 1 year after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State, in coordination with the 
Secretary of Health and Human Services and the heads of the other 
relevant Federal departments and agencies, shall submit a report to the 
appropriate congressional committees that describes United States 
Government efforts and opportunities to establish or strengthen 
effective early warning systems for infectious disease 
threats.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 211. INTERNATIONAL EMERGENCY OPERATIONS.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that 
it is essential to enhance the capacity of key stakeholders to 
effectively operationalize early warning and execute multi-sectoral 
emergency operations during an infectious disease outbreak, 
particularly in countries and areas that deliberately withhold critical 
global health data and delay access during an infectious disease 
outbreak in advance of the next infectious disease outbreak with 
pandemic potential.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (b) Public Health Emergencies of International Concern.--
The Secretary of State, in coordination with the Secretary of Health 
and Human Services, should work with the World Health Organization and 
like-minded member states to adopt an approach toward assessing 
infectious disease threats under the International Health Regulations 
(2005) for the World Health Organization to identify and transparently 
communicate, on an ongoing basis, varying levels of risk leading up to 
a declaration by the Director General of the World Health Organization 
of a Public Health Emergency of International Concern for the duration 
and in the aftermath of such declaration.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (c) Emergency Operations.--The Secretary of State, in 
coordination with the United States Agency for International 
Development and other relevant Federal departments and agencies and 
consistent with the requirements under the International Health 
Regulations (2005) and the objectives of the World Health 
Organization's Health Emergencies Programme, the Global Health Security 
Agenda, and national actions plans for health security, shall work, in 
coordination with the World Health Organization, with partner countries 
and other key stakeholders to support the establishment, strengthening, 
and rapid response capacity of global health emergency operations 
centers, at the national and international levels, including efforts--
</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) to collect and share data, assess risk, and 
        operationalize early warning;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) to secure, including through utilization of 
        stand-by arrangements and emergency funding mechanisms, the 
        staff, systems, and resources necessary to execute cross-
        sectoral emergency operations during the 48-hour period 
        immediately following an infectious disease outbreak with 
        pandemic potential; and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) to organize and conduct emergency 
        simulations.</DELETED>

<DELETED>TITLE III--FINANCING MECHANISM FOR GLOBAL HEALTH SECURITY AND 
             PANDEMIC PREVENTION AND PREPAREDNESS</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 301. ELIGIBLE PARTNER COUNTRY DEFINED.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    In this title, the term ``eligible partner country'' means 
a country in which the Fund for Global Health Security and Pandemic 
Prevention and Preparedness to be established under section 302 may 
finance global health security and pandemic prevention and preparedness 
assistance programs under this Act based on the country's 
demonstrated--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) need, as identified through the Joint External 
        Evaluation process, the Global Health Security Index 
        classification of health systems, national action plans for 
        health security, and other complementary or successor 
        indicators of global health security and pandemic prevention 
        and preparedness; and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) commitment to transparency, including--
        </DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) budget and global health data 
                transparency;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) complying with the International 
                Health Regulations (2005);</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (C) investing in domestic health systems; 
                and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (D) achieving measurable 
                results.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 302. ESTABLISHMENT OF FUND FOR GLOBAL HEALTH SECURITY AND 
              PANDEMIC PREVENTION AND PREPAREDNESS.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    (a) Negotiations for Establishment of Fund for Global 
Health Security and Pandemic Prevention and Preparedness.--The 
Secretary of State, in coordination with the Secretary of the Treasury, 
the Administrator of the United States Agency for International 
Development, the Secretary of Health and Human Services, and the heads 
of other relevant Federal departments and agencies, as necessary and 
appropriate, should seek to enter into negotiations with donors, 
relevant United Nations agencies, including the World Health 
Organization, and other key multilateral stakeholders, to establish--
</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) a multilateral, catalytic financing mechanism 
        for global health security and pandemic prevention and 
        preparedness, which may be known as the Fund for Global Health 
        Security and Pandemic Prevention and Preparedness (in this 
        title referred to as ``the Fund''), to address the need for and 
        secure durable financing in accordance with the provisions of 
        this section; and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) an Advisory Board to the Fund in accordance 
        with section 305.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (b) Purposes.--The purposes of the Fund should be--
</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) to close critical gaps in global health 
        security and pandemic prevention and preparedness; 
        and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) to build capacity in eligible partner 
        countries in the areas of global health security, infectious 
        disease control, and pandemic prevention and preparedness, in a 
        manner that--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) prioritizes capacity building and 
                financing availability in eligible partner 
                countries;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) incentivizes countries to prioritize 
                the use of domestic resources for global health 
                security and pandemic prevention and 
                preparedness;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (C) leverages government, nongovernment, 
                and private sector investments;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (D) regularly responds to and evaluates 
                progress based on clear metrics and benchmarks, such as 
                the Joint External Evaluation and the Global Health 
                Security Index;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (E) aligns with and complements ongoing 
                bilateral and multilateral efforts and financing, 
                including through the World Bank, the World Health 
                Organization, the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, 
                Tuberculosis, and Malaria, the Coalition for Epidemic 
                Preparedness and Innovation, and Gavi, the Vaccine 
                Alliance; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (F) helps countries accelerate and achieve 
                compliance with the International Health Regulations 
                (2005) and the fulfillment of the Global Health 
                Security Agenda 2024 Framework not later than 5 years 
                after the date on which the Fund is established, in 
                coordination with the ongoing Joint External Evaluation 
                national action planning process.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (c) Executive Board.--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) In general.--The Fund should be governed by a 
        transparent and accountable body (referred to in this title as 
        the ``Executive Board''), which should be composed of not more 
        than 20 representatives of donor governments, foundations, 
        academic institutions, civil society, indigenous people, and 
        the private sector that meet a minimum threshold in annual 
        contributions and agree to uphold transparency 
        measures.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) Duties.--The Executive Board should--
        </DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) be charged with approving strategies, 
                operations, and grant making authorities in order to 
                conduct effective fiduciary, monitoring, and evaluation 
                efforts, and other oversight functions;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) be comprised only of contributors to 
                the Fund at not less than the minimum threshold to be 
                established pursuant to paragraph (1);</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (C) determine operational procedures such 
                that the Fund is able to effectively fulfill its 
                mission;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (D) provide oversight and accountability 
                for the Fund in collaboration with the Inspector 
                General to be established pursuant to section 
                304(e)(1)(A); and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (E) develop and utilize a mechanism to 
                obtain formal input from partner countries relative to 
                lessons learned with regard to program 
                implementation.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) Composition.--The Executive Board should 
        include--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) representatives of the governments of 
                founding permanent member countries who, in addition to 
                the requirements under paragraph (1), qualify based 
                upon meeting an established initial contribution 
                threshold, which should be not less than 10 percent of 
                total initial contributions, and a demonstrated 
                commitment to supporting the International Health 
                Regulations (2005);</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) a geographically diverse group of term 
                members who--</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (i) come from academic 
                        institutions, civil society, including 
                        indigenous organizations, and the private 
                        sector; and</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (ii) are selected by the permanent 
                        members on the basis of their experience and 
                        commitment to innovation, best practices, and 
                        the advancement of global health security 
                        objectives;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (C) representatives of the World Health 
                Organization;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (D) the chair of the Global Health 
                Security Steering Group; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (E) representatives from low- and middle-
                income countries that are or will be implementing a 
                national pandemic prevention plan.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (4) Qualifications.--Individuals appointed to the 
        Executive Board should have demonstrated knowledge and 
        experience across a variety of sectors, including human and 
        animal health, agriculture, development, defense, finance, 
        research, and academia.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (5) Conflicts of interest.--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) Technical experts.--The Executive 
                Board may include independent technical experts who are 
                not affiliated with, or employed by, a recipient 
                country or organization.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) Multilateral bodies and 
                institutions.--Executive Board members appointed 
                pursuant to paragraph (3)(C) should recuse themselves 
                from matters presenting conflicts of interest, 
                including financing decisions relating to such bodies 
                and institutions.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (6) United states representation.--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) Founding permanent member.--The 
                Secretary of State should seek--</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (i) to establish the United States 
                        as a founding permanent member of the Fund; 
                        and</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (ii) to ensure that the United 
                        States is represented on the Executive Board by 
                        an officer or employee of the United States, 
                        who shall be appointed by the 
                        President.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) Effective and termination dates.--
                </DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (i) Effective date.--This 
                        paragraph shall take effect upon the date on 
                        which the Secretary of State certifies and 
                        submits to Congress an agreement establishing 
                        the Fund.</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (ii) Termination date.--The 
                        membership established pursuant to subparagraph 
                        (A) shall terminate upon the date of 
                        termination of the Fund.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (7) Removal procedures.--The Fund should establish 
        procedures for the removal of members of the Executive Board 
        who--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) engage in a consistent pattern of 
                human rights abuses;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) fail to uphold global health data 
                transparency requirements; or</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (C) otherwise violate the established 
                standards of the Fund, including in relation to 
                corruption.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 303. AUTHORITIES.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    (a) Program Objectives.--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) In general.--In carrying out the purpose set 
        forth in section 302, the Fund, acting through the Executive 
        Board, should--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) provide grants, including challenge 
                grants, technical assistance, concessional lending, 
                catalytic investment funds, and other innovative 
                funding mechanisms, as appropriate--</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (i) to help eligible partner 
                        countries close critical gaps in health 
                        security, as identified through the Joint 
                        External Evaluation process, the Global Health 
                        Security Index classification of health 
                        systems, and national action plans for health 
                        security and other complementary or successor 
                        indicators of global health security and 
                        pandemic prevention and preparedness; 
                        and</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (ii) to support measures that 
                        enable such countries, at the national and 
                        subnational levels, and in partnership with 
                        civil society and the private sector, to 
                        strengthen and sustain resilient health systems 
                        and supply chains with the resources, capacity, 
                        and personnel required to prevent, detect, 
                        mitigate, and respond to infectious disease 
                        threats, including zoonotic spillover, before 
                        they become pandemics; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) develop recommendations for a 
                mechanism for assisting countries that are at high risk 
                for zoonotic spillover events with pandemic potential 
                to participate in the Global Health Security Agenda and 
                the Joint External Evaluations.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) Activities supported.--The activities to be 
        supported by the Fund should include efforts--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) to enable eligible partner countries 
                to formulate and implement national health security and 
                pandemic prevention and preparedness action plans, 
                advance action packages under the Global Health 
                Security Agenda, and adopt and uphold commitments under 
                the International Health Regulations (2005) and other 
                related international health agreements and 
                arrangements, as appropriate;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) to support health security budget 
                planning in eligible partner countries, including 
                training in public financial management and budget and 
                health data transparency;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (C) to strengthen the health workforce, 
                including hiring, training, and deploying experts to 
                improve frontline prevention of, and monitoring and 
                preparedness for, unknown, new, emerging, or reemerging 
                pathogens, epidemics, and pandemic threats;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (D) to improve infection prevention and 
                control and the protection of healthcare workers within 
                healthcare settings;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (E) to combat the threat of antimicrobial 
                resistance;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (F) to strengthen laboratory capacity and 
                promote biosafety and biosecurity through the provision 
                of material and technical assistance;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (G) to reduce the risk of bioterrorism, 
                zoonotic disease spillover, and accidental biological 
                release;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (H) to build technical capacity to manage 
                health supply chains for commodities, equipment, and 
                supplies, including for personal protective equipment, 
                testing reagents, and other lifesaving supplies, 
                through effective forecasting, procurement, 
                warehousing, and delivery from central warehouses to 
                points of service in both the public and private 
                sectors;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (I) to enable bilateral, regional, and 
                international partnerships and cooperation, including 
                through pandemic early warning systems and emergency 
                operations centers, to identify and address 
                transnational infectious disease threats exacerbated by 
                natural and man-made disasters, human displacement, and 
                zoonotic infection;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (J) to establish partnerships for the 
                sharing of best practices and enabling eligible 
                countries to meet targets and indicators under the 
                Joint External Evaluation process, the Global Health 
                Security Index classification of health systems, and 
                national action plans for health security relating to 
                the prevention, detection, and treatment of neglected 
                tropical diseases;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (K) to build the technical capacity of 
                eligible partner countries to prepare for and respond 
                to second order development impacts of infectious 
                disease outbreaks, while accounting for the 
                differentiated needs and vulnerabilities of 
                marginalized populations;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (L) to develop and utilize metrics to 
                monitor and evaluate programmatic performance and 
                identify best practices, including in accordance with 
                Joint External Evaluation benchmarks, Global Health 
                Security Agenda targets, and Global Health Security 
                Index indicators;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (M) to develop and deploy mechanisms to 
                enhance the transparency and accountability of global 
                health security and pandemic prevention and 
                preparedness programs and data, in compliance with the 
                International Health Regulations (2005), including 
                through the sharing of trends, risks, and lessons 
                learned;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (N) to develop and implement simulation 
                exercises, produce and release after action reports, 
                and address related gaps;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (O) to support countries in conducting 
                Joint External Evaluations; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (P) to improve surveillance capacity in 
                partner counties such that those countries are better 
                able to detect and respond to known and unknown 
                pathogens and zoonotic infectious diseases.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) Implementation of program objectives.--In 
        carrying out the objectives under paragraph (1), the Fund 
        should work to eliminate duplication and waste by upholding 
        strict transparency and accountability standards and 
        coordinating its programs and activities with key partners 
        working to advance global health security and pandemic 
        prevention and preparedness, including--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) governments, civil society, 
                nongovernmental organizations, research and academic 
                institutions, and private sector entities in eligible 
                partner countries;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) the pandemic early warning systems and 
                international emergency operations centers to be 
                established under sections 210 and 211;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (C) the World Health 
                Organization;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (D) the Global Health Security 
                Agenda;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (E) the Global Health Security 
                Initiative;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (F) the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, 
                Tuberculosis, and Malaria;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (G) the United Nations Office for the 
                Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, UNICEF, and other 
                relevant funds, programs, and specialized agencies of 
                the United Nations;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (H) Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (I) the Coalition for Epidemic 
                Preparedness Innovations (CEPI); and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (J) the Global Polio Eradication 
                Initiative.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (b) Priority.--In providing assistance under this section, 
the Fund should give priority to low-and lower middle income countries 
with--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) low scores on the Global Health Security Index 
        classification of health systems;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) measurable gaps in global health security and 
        pandemic prevention and preparedness identified under Joint 
        External Evaluations and national action plans for health 
        security;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) demonstrated political and financial 
        commitment to pandemic prevention and preparedness; 
        and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (4) demonstrated commitment to upholding global 
        health budget and data transparency and accountability 
        standards, complying with the International Health Regulations 
        (2005), investing in domestic health systems, and achieving 
        measurable results.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (c) Eligible Grant Recipients.--Governments and 
nongovernmental organizations should be eligible to receive grants as 
described in this section.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 304. ADMINISTRATION.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    (a) Appointment of Administrator.--The Executive Board 
should appoint an Administrator, who should be responsible for managing 
the day-to-day operations of the Fund.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (b) Authority To Accept and Solicit Contributions.--The 
Fund should be authorized to solicit and accept contributions from 
governments, the private sector, foundations, individuals, and 
nongovernmental entities.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (c) Accountability of Funds and Criteria for Programs.--As 
part of the negotiations described in section 302(a), the Secretary of 
the State, consistent with subsection (d), shall--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) take such actions as are necessary to ensure 
        that the Fund will have in effect adequate procedures and 
        standards to account for and monitor the use of funds 
        contributed to the Fund, including the cost of administering 
        the Fund; and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) seek agreement on the criteria that should be 
        used to determine the programs and activities that should be 
        assisted by the Fund.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (d) Selection of Partner Countries, Projects, and 
Recipients.--The Executive Board should establish--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) eligible partner country selection criteria, 
        to include transparent metrics to measure and assess global 
        health security and pandemic prevention and preparedness 
        strengths and vulnerabilities in countries seeking 
        assistance;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) minimum standards for ensuring eligible 
        partner country ownership and commitment to long-term results, 
        including requirements for domestic budgeting, resource 
        mobilization, and co-investment;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) criteria for the selection of projects to 
        receive support from the Fund;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (4) standards and criteria regarding 
        qualifications of recipients of such support;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (5) such rules and procedures as may be necessary 
        for cost-effective management of the Fund; and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (6) such rules and procedures as may be necessary 
        to ensure transparency and accountability in the grant-making 
        process.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (e) Additional Transparency and Accountability 
Requirements.--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) Inspector general.--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) In general.--The Secretary of State 
                shall seek to ensure that--</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (i) the Fund maintains an 
                        independent Office of the Inspector General; 
                        and</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (ii) such office has the requisite 
                        resources and capacity to regularly conduct and 
                        publish, on a publicly accessible website, 
                        rigorous financial, programmatic, and reporting 
                        audits and investigations of the Fund and its 
                        grantees.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) Sense of congress on corruption.--It 
                is the sense of Congress that--</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (i) corruption within global 
                        health programs contribute directly to the loss 
                        of human life and cannot be tolerated; 
                        and</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (ii) in making financial 
                        recoveries relating to a corrupt act or 
                        criminal conduct under a grant, as determined 
                        by the Inspector General, the responsible grant 
                        recipient should be assessed at a recovery rate 
                        of up to 150 percent of such loss.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) Administrative expenses.--The Secretary of 
        State shall seek to ensure the Fund establishes, maintains, and 
        makes publicly available a system to track the administrative 
        and management costs of the Fund on a quarterly 
        basis.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) Financial tracking systems.--The Secretary of 
        State shall ensure that the Fund establishes, maintains, and 
        makes publicly available a system to track the amount of funds 
        disbursed to each grant recipient and sub-recipient during a 
        grant's fiscal cycle.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (4) Exemption from duties and taxes.--The 
        Secretary should ensure that the Fund adopts rules that 
        condition grants upon agreement by the relevant national 
        authorities in an eligible partner country to exempt from 
        duties and taxes all products financed by such grants, 
        including procurements by any principal or sub-recipient for 
        the purpose of carrying out such grants.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 305. ADVISORY BOARD.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    (a) In General.--There should be an Advisory Board to the 
Fund.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (b) Appointments.--The members of the Advisory Board 
should be composed of--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) a geographically diverse group of individuals 
        that includes representation from low- and middle-income 
        countries;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) individuals with experience and leadership in 
        the fields of development, global health, epidemiology, 
        medicine, biomedical research, and social sciences; 
        and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) representatives of relevant United Nations 
        agencies, including the World Health Organization, and 
        nongovernmental organizations with on-the-ground experience in 
        implementing global health programs in low and lower-middle 
        income countries.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (c) Responsibilities.--The Advisory Board should provide 
advice and guidance to the Executive Board of the Fund on the 
development and implementation of programs and projects to be assisted 
by the Fund and on leveraging donations to the Fund.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (d) Prohibition on Payment of Compensation.--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) In general.--Except for travel expenses 
        (including per diem in lieu of subsistence), no member of the 
        Advisory Board should receive compensation for services 
        performed as a member of the Board.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) United states representative.--Notwithstanding 
        any other provision of law (including an international 
        agreement), a representative of the United States on the 
        Advisory Board may not accept compensation for services 
        performed as a member of the Board, except that such 
        representative may accept travel expenses, including per diem 
        in lieu of subsistence, while away from the representative's 
        home or regular place of business in the performance of 
        services for the Board.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (e) Conflicts of Interest.--Members of the Advisory Board 
should be required to disclose any potential conflicts of interest 
prior to serving on the Advisory Board and, in the event of any 
conflicts of interest, recuse themselves from such matters during their 
service on the Advisory Board.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 306. REPORTS TO CONGRESS.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    (a) Status Report.--Not later than 180 days after the date 
of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State, in coordination 
with the Administrator of the United States Agency for International 
Development, and the heads of other relevant Federal departments and 
agencies, shall submit a report to the appropriate congressional 
committees that describes the progress of international negotiations to 
establish the Fund.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (b) Annual Report.--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the 
        date of the establishment of the Fund, and annually thereafter 
        for the duration of the Fund, the Secretary of State, shall 
        submit a report to the appropriate congressional committees 
        regarding the administration of the Fund.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) Report elements.--The report required under 
        paragraph (1) shall describe--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) the goals of the Fund;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) the programs, projects, and activities 
                supported by the Fund;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (C) private and governmental contributions 
                to the Fund; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (D) the criteria utilized to determine the 
                programs and activities that should be assisted by the 
                Fund, including baselines, targets, desired outcomes, 
                measurable goals, and extent to which those goals are 
                being achieved.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (c) GAO Report on Effectiveness.--Not later than 2 years 
after the date on which the Fund is established, the Comptroller 
General of the United States shall submit a report to the appropriate 
congressional committees that evaluates the effectiveness of the Fund, 
including the effectiveness of the programs, projects, and activities 
supported by the Fund, as described in section 303(a).</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 307. UNITED STATES CONTRIBUTIONS.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    (a) In General.--Subject to submission of the 
certification under this section, the President is authorized to make 
available for United States contributions to the Fund such funds as may 
be appropriated or otherwise made available for such purpose.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (b) Notification.--The Secretary of State shall notify the 
appropriate congressional committees not later than 15 days in advance 
of making a contribution to the Fund, including--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) the amount of the proposed 
        contribution;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) the total of funds contributed by other 
        donors; and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) the national interests served by United States 
        participation in the Fund.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (c) Limitation.--During the 5-year period beginning on the 
date of the enactment of this Act, a United States contribution to the 
Fund may not cause the cumulative total of United States contributions 
to the Fund to exceed 33 percent of the total contributions to the Fund 
from all sources.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (d) Withholdings.--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) Support for acts of international terrorism.--
        If the Secretary of State determines that the Fund has provided 
        assistance to a country, the government of which the Secretary 
        of State has determined, for purposes of section 620A of the 
        Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2371) has repeatedly 
        provided support for acts of international terrorism, the 
        United States shall withhold from its contribution to the Fund 
        for the next fiscal year an amount equal to the amount expended 
        by the Fund to the government of such country.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) Excessive salaries.--During the 5-year period 
        beginning on the date of the enactment of this Act, if the 
        Secretary of State determines that the salary of any individual 
        employed by the Fund exceeds the salary of the Vice President 
        of the United States for such fiscal year, the United States 
        should withhold from its contribution for the next fiscal year 
        an amount equal to the aggregate amount by which the salary of 
        each such individual exceeds the salary of the Vice President 
        of the United States.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) Accountability certification requirement.--The 
        Secretary of State may withhold not more than 20 percent of 
        planned United States contributions to the Fund until the 
        Secretary certifies to the appropriate congressional committees 
        that the Fund has established procedures to provide access by 
        the Office of Inspector General of the Department of State, as 
        cognizant Inspector General, the Inspector General of the 
        Department of Health and Human Services, the Inspector General 
        of the United States Agency for International Development, and 
        the Comptroller General of the United States to the Fund's 
        financial data and other information relevant to United States 
        contributions to the Fund (as determined by the Inspector 
        General of the Department of State, in consultation with the 
        Secretary of State).</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 308. COMPLIANCE WITH THE FOREIGN AID TRANSPARENCY AND 
              ACCOUNTABILITY ACT OF 2016.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    Section 2(3) of the Foreign Aid Transparency and 
Accountability Act of 2016 (Public Law 114-191; 22 U.S.C. 2394c note) 
is amended--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) in subparagraph (D), by striking ``and'' at 
        the end;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) in subparagraph (E), by striking the period at 
        the end and inserting ``; and''; and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) by adding at the end the following:</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(F) the International Pandemic 
                Preparedness and COVID-19 Response Act of 
                2021.''.</DELETED>

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS.

    (a) Short Title.--This Act may be cited as the ``International 
Pandemic Preparedness and COVID-19 Response Act of 2021''.
    (b) Table of Contents.--The table of contents for this Act is as 
follows:

Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents.
Sec. 2. Definitions.
Sec. 3. Purpose.

 TITLE I--ENHANCING THE UNITED STATES' INTERNATIONAL RESPONSE TO COVID-
                        19 AND FUTURE PANDEMICS

Sec. 101. Statement of policy regarding international cooperation to 
                            end the COVID-19 pandemic.
Sec. 102. Oversight of United States foreign assistance to end the 
                            COVID-19 pandemic.
Sec. 103. United States contributions to the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, 
                            Tuberculosis, and Malaria COVID-19 response 
                            mechanism.
Sec. 104. Global COVID-19 vaccine distribution and delivery.
Sec. 105. Leveraging United States bilateral global health programs for 
                            the international COVID-19 response.
Sec. 106. Report on humanitarian response to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Sec. 107. Safeguarding democracy and human rights during the COVID-19 
                            pandemic.
Sec. 108. Public diplomacy and combating disinformation and 
                            misinformation about COVID-19.
Sec. 109. Findings and sense of Congress regarding the United States 
                            International Development Finance 
                            Corporation.
Sec. 110. Sense of Congress regarding international cooperation to 
                            prevent and respond to future pandemics.
Sec. 111. Roles of the Department of State, the United States Agency 
                            for International Development, and the 
                            Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 
                            in pandemic response.
Sec. 112. USAID disaster surge capacity.
Sec. 113. Statement of policy on humanitarian assistance to countries 
                            affected by pandemics.

      TITLE II--INTERNATIONAL PANDEMIC PREVENTION AND PREPAREDNESS

Sec. 201. Partner country defined.
Sec. 202. Global health security strategy and report.
Sec. 203. Committee on Global Health Security and Pandemic and 
                            Biological Threats.
Sec. 204. United States overseas global health security and diplomacy 
                            coordination.
Sec. 205. Resilience.
Sec. 206. Strengthening health systems.
Sec. 207. Additional authorities.
Sec. 208. Authorization for United States participation in the 
                            Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness 
                            Innovations.
Sec. 209. National intelligence estimate and briefing regarding novel 
                            diseases and pandemic threats.
Sec. 210. Pandemic early warning network.
Sec. 211. International emergency operations.

TITLE III--FINANCING MECHANISM FOR GLOBAL HEALTH SECURITY AND PANDEMIC 
                      PREVENTION AND PREPAREDNESS

Sec. 301. Eligible partner country defined.
Sec. 302. Establishment of Fund for Global Health Security and Pandemic 
                            Prevention and Preparedness.
Sec. 303. Authorities.
Sec. 304. Administration.
Sec. 305. Advisory Board.
Sec. 306. Reports to Congress.
Sec. 307. United States contributions.
Sec. 308. Compliance with the Foreign Aid Transparency and 
                            Accountability Act of 2016.
Sec. 309. Prohibition against United States foreign assistance for the 
                            Government of the People's Republic of 
                            China.

SEC. 2. DEFINITIONS.

    In this Act:
            (1) Appropriate congressional committees.--The term 
        ``appropriate congressional committees'' means--
                    (A) the Committee on Foreign Relations of the 
                Senate;
                    (B) the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate;
                    (C) the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House 
                of Representatives; and
                    (D) the Committee on Appropriations of the House of 
                Representatives.
            (2) Global health security agenda; ghsa.--The terms 
        ``Global Health Security Agenda'' and ``GHSA'' mean the multi-
        sectoral initiative launched in 2014 and renewed in 2018 that 
        brings together countries, regions, international 
        organizations, nongovernmental organizations, and the private 
        sector to elevate global health security as a national-level 
        priority, to share best practices, and to facilitate national 
        capacity to comply with and adhere to--
                    (A) the International Health Regulations (2005);
                    (B) the World Organisation for Animal Health 
                international standards and guidelines;
                    (C) United Nations Security Council Resolution 1540 
                (2004);
                    (D) the Convention on the Prohibition of the 
                Development, Production and Stockpiling of 
                Bacteriological and Toxin Weapons and on their 
                Destruction, done at Washington, London, and Moscow, 
                April 10, 1972 (commonly referred to as the 
                ``Biological Weapons Convention'');
                    (E) the Global Health Security Agenda 2024 
                Framework; and
                    (F) other relevant frameworks that contribute to 
                global health security.
            (3) Global health security index .--The term ``Global 
        Health Security Index'' means the comprehensive assessment and 
        benchmarking of health security and related capabilities across 
        the countries that make up the States Parties to the 
        International Health Regulations (2005).
            (4) Global health security initiative.--The term ``Global 
        Health Security Initiative'' means the informal network of 
        countries and organizations that came together in 2001 to 
        undertake concerted global action to strengthen public health 
        preparedness and response to chemical, biological, 
        radiological, and nuclear threats, as well as pandemic 
        influenza.
            (5) Joint external evaluation.--The term ``Joint External 
        Evaluation'' means the World Health Organization-facilitated, 
        voluntary, collaborative, multi-sectoral process to assess 
        country capacity to prevent, detect, and rapidly respond to 
        public health risks occurring naturally or due to deliberate or 
        accidental events, assess progress in achieving the targets 
        under the International Health Regulations (2005), and 
        recommend priority actions.
            (6) Key stakeholders.--The term ``key stakeholders'' means 
        actors engaged in efforts to advance global health security 
        programs and objectives, including--
                    (A) national and local governments in partner 
                countries;
                    (B) other bilateral donors;
                    (C) international, regional, and local 
                organizations, including private, voluntary, 
                nongovernmental, and civil society organizations;
                    (D) international, regional, and local financial 
                institutions;
                    (E) representatives of historically marginalized 
                groups, including women, youth, and indigenous peoples;
                    (F) the private sector, including medical device, 
                technology, pharmaceutical, manufacturing, logistics, 
                and other relevant companies; and
                    (G) public and private research and academic 
                institutions.
            (7) One health approach.--The term ``One Health approach'' 
        means the collaborative, multi-sectoral, and transdisciplinary 
        approach toward achieving optimal health outcomes in a manner 
        that recognizes the interconnection between people, animals, 
        plants, and their shared environment.
            (8) Relevant federal departments and agencies.--The term 
        ``relevant Federal departments and agencies'' means any Federal 
        department or agency implementing United States policies and 
        programs relevant to the advancement of United States global 
        health security and diplomacy overseas, which may include--
                    (A) the Department of State;
                    (B) the United States Agency for International 
                Development;
                    (C) the Department of Health and Human Services;
                    (D) the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention;
                    (E) the National Institutes of Health;
                    (F) the Department of the Treasury;
                    (G) the Department of Agriculture;
                    (H) the Department of Defense;
                    (I) the Defense Threat Reduction Agency;
                    (J) the Millennium Challenge Corporation;
                    (K) the Development Finance Corporation;
                    (L) the Peace Corps; and
                    (M) any other department or agency that the 
                President determines to be relevant for these purposes.
            (9) Resilience.--The term ``resilience'' means the ability 
        of people, households, communities, systems, institutions, 
        countries, and regions to reduce, mitigate, withstand, adapt 
        to, and quickly recover from stresses and shocks in a manner 
        that reduces chronic vulnerability and facilitates inclusive 
        growth.
            (10) USAID.--The term ``USAID'' means the United States 
        Agency for International Development.

SEC. 3. PURPOSE.

    The purpose of this Act is to accelerate and enhance the United 
States international response to pandemics, including the COVID-19 
pandemic, and to operationalize lessons learned from current and prior 
emergency responses in a manner that--
            (1) advances the global health security and diplomacy 
        objectives of the United States;
            (2) improves coordination among the relevant Federal 
        departments and agencies implementing United States foreign 
        assistance for global health security; and
            (3) more effectively enables partner countries to 
        strengthen and sustain resilient health systems and supply 
        chains with the resources, capacity, and personnel required to 
        prevent, prepare for, detect, and respond to infectious disease 
        threats before they become pandemics.

 TITLE I--ENHANCING THE UNITED STATES' INTERNATIONAL RESPONSE TO COVID-
                        19 AND FUTURE PANDEMICS

SEC. 101. STATEMENT OF POLICY REGARDING INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION TO 
              END THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC.

    It shall be the policy of the United States to lead and implement a 
comprehensive and coordinated international response to end the COVID-
19 pandemic in a manner that recognizes the critical role that 
multilateral and regional organizations can and should play in pandemic 
response, including by--
            (1) seeking adoption of a United Nations Security Council 
        resolution that--
                    (A) declares pandemics, including the COVID-19 
                pandemic, to be a threat to international peace and 
                security; and
                    (B) urges member states to address this threat by 
                aligning their health preparedness plans with 
                international best practices and those established by 
                the Global Health Security Agenda to improve country 
                capacity to prevent, detect, and respond to infectious 
                disease threats;
            (2) advancing efforts to reform the World Health 
        Organization so that it serves as an effective normative and 
        capable coordinating body empowered to align member countries 
        around a single strategic operating plan to detect, contain, 
        treat, and deter the further spread of COVID-19;
            (3) providing timely, appropriate levels of financial 
        support to United Nations agencies responding to the COVID-19 
        pandemic;
            (4) prioritizing United States foreign assistance for the 
        COVID-19 response in the most vulnerable countries and regions;
            (5) encouraging other donor governments to similarly 
        increase contributions to the United Nations agencies 
        responding to the COVID-19 pandemic in the world's poorest and 
        most vulnerable countries;
            (6) working with key stakeholders to accelerate progress 
        toward meeting and exceeding, as practicable, the global COVID-
        19 vaccination goals jointly proposed by the International 
        Monetary Fund, the World Health Organization, the World Bank, 
        and the World Trade Organization, whereby--
                    (A) at least 40 percent of the population in all 
                countries is vaccinated by the end of 2021; and
                    (B) at least 60 percent of the population in all 
                countries is vaccinated by the first half of 2022;
            (7) engaging with key stakeholders, including through 
        multilateral facilities such as the COVID-19 Vaccines Global 
        Access initiative (referred to in this title as ``COVAX'') and 
        the Access to COVID-19 Tools (ACT) Accelerator initiative, and 
        expanding bilateral efforts, including through the 
        International Development Finance Corporation, to accelerate 
        the development, manufacturing, local production, and efficient 
        and equitable distribution of--
                    (A) vaccines and related raw materials to meet or 
                exceed the vaccination goals under paragraph (6); and
                    (B) global health commodities, including personal 
                protective equipment, test kits, medicines and 
                therapeutics, and other essential supplies to combat 
                COVID-19 and help immediately disrupt transmission;
            (8) supporting global COVID-19 vaccine distribution 
        strategies that strengthen underlying health systems and ensure 
        that people living in vulnerable and marginalized communities, 
        including women, do not face undue barriers to vaccination;
            (9) working with key stakeholders, including through the 
        World Bank Group, the International Monetary Fund, the World 
        Trade Organization, the International Finance Corporation, and 
        other relevant regional and bilateral financial institutions, 
        to address the economic and financial implications of the 
        COVID-19 pandemic, while taking into account the differentiated 
        needs of disproportionately affected, vulnerable, and 
        marginalized populations;
            (10) entering into discussions with vaccine manufacturing 
        companies to incentivize technology sharing, with the goal of 
        ensuring adequate global supply of vaccines, necessary 
        components, and raw materials, including through existing 
        authorities under the Defense Production Act of 1950 (50 U.S.C. 
        4501 et seq.) and chapter 18 of title 35, United States Code 
        (commonly referred to as the ``Bayh-Dole Act'');
            (11) establishing clear timelines, benchmarks, and goals 
        for COVID-19 response strategies and activities under this 
        section; and
            (12) generating commitments of resources in support of the 
        goals referred to in paragraph (6).

SEC. 102. OVERSIGHT OF UNITED STATES FOREIGN ASSISTANCE TO END THE 
              COVID-19 PANDEMIC.

    (a) Reporting Requirements.--Not later than 60 days after the date 
of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State and the 
Administrator for the United States Agency for International 
Development shall jointly submit to the appropriate congressional 
committees--
            (1) an unclassified report containing a description of 
        funds already obligated and expended under title X of the 
        American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 (Public Law 117-2); and
            (2) a plan that describes the objectives and timeline for 
        the obligation and expenditure of all remaining funds 
        appropriated under title X of the American Rescue Plan Act of 
        2021, to include support for civil society for the protection 
        of human rights in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, which 
        shall be submitted in an unclassified form, and should include 
        a description of steps taken pursuant to each objective 
        specified in the plan.
    (b) Congressional Consultation.--Not less frequently than once 
every 60 days, until the completion or termination of the 
implementation plan required under subsection (a)(2), and upon the 
request from one or more of the appropriate congressional committees, 
the Secretary of State and the Administrator for the United States 
Agency for International Development shall provide a briefing to the 
appropriate congressional committees regarding the report required 
under subsection (a)(1) and the status of the implementation of the 
plan required under subsection (a)(2).
    (c) Branding.--In providing assistance under this title, the 
Secretary of State and the Administrator of the United States Agency 
for International Development, with due consideration for the safety 
and security of implementing partners and beneficiaries, shall 
prescribe the use of logos or other insignia, which may include the 
flag of the United States, to appropriately identify such assistance as 
being from the people of the United States.

SEC. 103. UNITED STATES CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE GLOBAL FUND TO FIGHT AIDS, 
              TUBERCULOSIS, AND MALARIA COVID-19 RESPONSE MECHANISM.

    (a) United States Contributions to the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, 
Tuberculosis, and Malaria COVID-19 Response Mechanism.--United States 
contributions to the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis, and 
Malaria COVID-19 Response Mechanism under section 10003(a)(2) of the 
American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 (Public Law 107-2)--
            (1) shall be meaningfully leveraged in a manner that 
        incentivizes other public and private donor contributions; and
            (2) shall be subject to the reporting and withholding 
        requirements under subsections (c), (d)(4)(A)(ii), (d)(4)(C), 
        (d)(5), (d)(6), (f), and (g) of section 202 of the United 
        States Leadership Against HIV/AIDS, Tuberculosis, and Malaria 
        Act of 2003 (22 U.S.C. 7622).

SEC. 104. GLOBAL COVID-19 VACCINE DISTRIBUTION AND DELIVERY.

    (a) Accelerating Global Vaccine Distribution Strategy.--The 
Secretary of State, in consultation with the Secretary of Health and 
Human Services, the Administrator of the United States Agency for 
International Development, the Director of the Centers for Disease 
Control and Prevention, the Chief Executive Officer of the United 
States International Development Finance Corporation, and the heads of 
other relevant Federal departments and agencies, as determined by the 
President, shall develop a strategy to expand access to, and accelerate 
the global distribution of, COVID-19 vaccines to other countries, which 
shall--
            (1) identify the countries that have the highest infection 
        and death rates due to COVID-19, the lowest COVID-19 
        vaccination rates, and face the most difficult, political, 
        logistical, and financial challenges to obtaining and 
        delivering COVID-19 vaccines, and describe the basis and 
        metrics used to make such determinations;
            (2) identify which countries and regions will be 
        prioritized and targeted for COVID-19 vaccine delivery, and the 
        rationale for such prioritization;
            (3) describe efforts that the United States is making to 
        increase COVID-19 vaccine manufacturing capacity, both 
        domestically and internationally, as appropriate, through the 
        establishment or refurbishment of regional manufacturing hubs 
        in South America, South Africa, and South Asia, including 
        through the provision of development finance, and estimate 
        when, how many, and which types of vaccines will be provided by 
        the United States Government bilaterally and through COVAX;
            (4) describe efforts to encourage international partners to 
        take actions similar to the efforts referred to in paragraph 
        (3);
            (5) describe how the United States Government will ensure 
        efficient delivery of COVID-19 vaccines to intended recipients, 
        including United States citizens residing overseas, and 
        identify complementary United States foreign assistance that 
        will facilitate vaccine readiness, distribution, delivery, 
        monitoring, and administration activities;
            (6) describe how the United States Government will ensure 
        the efficient delivery and administration of COVID-19 vaccines 
        to United States citizens residing overseas, including through 
        the donation of vaccine doses to United States embassies and 
        consulates, as appropriate, giving priority to--
                    (A) countries in which United States citizens are 
                deemed ineligible or low priority in the national 
                vaccination deployment plan; and
                    (B) countries that are not presently distributing a 
                COVID-19 vaccine that--
                            (i) has been approved by the United States 
                        Food and Drug Administration for emergency use; 
                        or
                            (ii) has met the necessary criteria for 
                        safety and efficacy established by the World 
                        Health Organization;
            (7) summarize the United States Government's efforts to 
        encourage and facilitate technology sharing and the licensing 
        of intellectual property to the extent necessary to ensure an 
        adequate and timely supply of vaccines and vaccine components 
        to meet the vaccination goals specified in section 101(6), 
        giving due consideration to avoiding undermining intellectual 
        property innovation and intellectual property rights 
        protections with respect to vaccine development in performing 
        the assessment required in this paragraph;
            (8) describe the roles, responsibilities, tasks, and, as 
        appropriate, the authorities of the Secretary of State, the 
        Administrator of the United States Agency for International 
        Development, the Secretary of Health and Human Services, the 
        Director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the 
        Chief Executive Officer of the United States International 
        Development Finance Corporation, and the heads of other 
        relevant Federal departments and agencies with respect to the 
        implementation of such strategy;
            (9) describe how the Department of State and USAID will 
        coordinate with the Secretary of Health and Human Services and 
        the heads of other relevant Federal agencies to expedite the 
        export and distribution of excess vaccines from Federal and 
        State stockpiles to support countries in need and ensure such 
        vaccines will not be wasted;
            (10) summarize the United States public diplomacy 
        strategies for branding and addressing vaccine misinformation 
        and hesitancy; and
            (11) describe efforts that the United States is making to 
        help countries disrupt the current transmission of COVID-19, 
        while simultaneously increasing vaccination rates, utilizing 
        non-vaccine health commodities, including diagnostics and 
        personal protective equipment.
    (b) Submission of Strategy.--Not later than 90 days after the date 
of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State shall submit the 
strategy described in subsection (a) to--
            (1) the appropriate congressional committees;
            (2) the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions 
        of the Senate; and
            (3) the Committee on Energy and Commerce of the House of 
        Representatives.
    (c) Limitation.--
            (1) In general.--No Federal funds may be made available to 
        COVAX to procure vaccines produced by any companies owned or 
        controlled by the Government of the People's Republic of China 
        or by the Chinese Communist Party unless the Secretary of State 
        certifies that the People's Republic of China--
                    (A) is providing financial support to COVAX that is 
                commensurate with the United States' contribution to 
                COVAX; and
                    (B) publically discloses transparent data on the 
                quality, safety, and efficacy of its COVID-19 vaccines.
            (2) Safeguards.--The President shall ensure that 
        appropriate safeguards are put in place to ensure that the 
        condition described in paragraph (1) is honored by Gavi, the 
        Vaccine Alliance.

SEC. 105. LEVERAGING UNITED STATES BILATERAL GLOBAL HEALTH PROGRAMS FOR 
              THE INTERNATIONAL COVID-19 RESPONSE.

    (a) Authorization for Leveraging Bilateral Program Activities.--
Amounts authorized to be appropriated or otherwise made available to 
carry out section 104 of the Foreign Assistance Act (22 U.S.C. 2151b) 
may be used in countries receiving United States foreign assistance--
            (1) to combat the COVID-19 pandemic, including through the 
        sharing of COVID-19 vaccines; and
            (2) to support related activities, including--
                    (A) strengthening vaccine readiness;
                    (B) reducing vaccine hesitancy and misinformation;
                    (C) delivering and administering COVID-19 vaccines;
                    (D) strengthening health systems and supply chains;
                    (E) supporting health care workforce planning, 
                training, and management;
                    (F) enhancing transparency, quality, and 
                reliability of health data;
                    (G) increasing bidirectional testing, including 
                screening for symptomatic and asymptomatic cases; and
                    (H) building lab capacity.
    (b) Adjustment of Targets and Goals.--The Secretary of State, in 
coordination with the heads of other relevant Federal departments and 
agencies, shall submit an annual report to the appropriate 
congressional committees that identifies--
            (1) any adjustments to original program targets and goals 
        that result from the use of funds for the purposes authorized 
        under subsection (a); and
            (2) the amounts needed in the following fiscal year to meet 
        the original program goals, as necessary and appropriate.

SEC. 106. REPORT ON HUMANITARIAN RESPONSE TO THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 120 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State, in consultation with the 
Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development 
and the Secretary of Health and Human Services, shall submit a report 
to the appropriate congressional committees that--
            (1) assesses the global humanitarian response to COVID-19; 
        and
            (2) outlines specific elements of the United States 
        Government's country-level humanitarian response to the COVID-
        19 pandemic.
    (b) Elements.--The report required under subsection (a) shall 
include--
            (1) for countries receiving United States assistance, a 
        description of humanitarian and health-worker access to crisis-
        affected areas, including--
                    (A) legal and bureaucratic restrictions on the 
                entry of humanitarian workers from abroad, to include 
                visa authorizations that do not allow adequate time for 
                humanitarian workers to quarantine upon arrival in-line 
                with host country regulations, conduct needs 
                assessments, and subsequently implement multilateral 
                and United States-funded programming in an efficient, 
                effective, and unrestricted manner;
                    (B) restrictions on travel by humanitarian workers 
                within such country to reach the areas of operation 
                where vulnerable and marginalized populations reside;
                    (C) access to medical evacuation in the event of a 
                health emergency;
                    (D) access to personal protective equipment for 
                United States Government implementing partners; and
                    (E) efforts to support access to COVID-19 vaccines 
                for humanitarian and health-workers and crisis-affected 
                communities;
            (2) an analysis and description of countries (regardless of 
        whether such countries have received direct United States 
        assistance) that have expressly prevented vulnerable 
        populations from accessing necessary assistance related to 
        COVID-19, including--
                    (A) the omission of vulnerable populations from 
                national response plans;
                    (B) laws, policies, or practices that restrict or 
                preclude treatment of vulnerable populations at public 
                hospitals and health facilities; and
                    (C) exclusion of, or discrimination against, 
                vulnerable populations in law, policy, or practice that 
                prevents equitable access to food, shelter, and other 
                basic assistance;
            (3) a description of United States Government efforts to 
        facilitate greater humanitarian access, including--
                    (A) advocacy and diplomatic efforts with relevant 
                foreign governments and multilateral institutions to 
                ensure that vulnerable and marginalized populations are 
                included in national response plans and other relevant 
                plans developed in response to the COVID-19 pandemic; 
                and
                    (B) advocacy and diplomatic efforts with relevant 
                foreign governments to ensure that appropriate visas, 
                work permits, and domestic travel exemptions are issued 
                for humanitarian and health workers responding to the 
                COVID-19 pandemic; and
            (4) a description of United States Government plans and 
        efforts to address the second-order impacts of the COVID-19 
        pandemic and an assessment of the resources required to 
        implement such plans, including efforts to address--
                    (A) famine and acute food insecurity;
                    (B) gender-based violence;
                    (C) mental health and psychosocial support needs;
                    (D) child protection needs;
                    (E) health, education, and livelihoods;
                    (F) shelter; and
                    (G) attempts to close civil society space, 
                including through bureaucratic, administrative, and 
                health or security related impediments.

SEC. 107. SAFEGUARDING DEMOCRACY AND HUMAN RIGHTS DURING THE COVID-19 
              PANDEMIC.

    (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
            (1) governments may be required to take appropriate 
        extraordinary measures during public health emergencies to halt 
        the spread of disease, including closing businesses and public 
        events, limiting access to public spaces, and restricting the 
        movement of people;
            (2) certain foreign governments have taken measures in 
        response to COVID-19 that violate the human rights of their 
        citizens without clear public health justification, oversight 
        measures, or sunset provisions;
            (3) governments using the COVID-19 pandemic as a pretext 
        for repression have undermined democratic institutions, 
        debilitated institutions for transparency and public integrity, 
        quashed legitimate dissent, and attacked journalists, civil 
        society organizations, activists, independent voices, and 
        vulnerable and marginalized populations, including refugees and 
        migrants, with far-reaching consequences that will extend 
        beyond the current crisis;
            (4) foreign governments should take immediate steps to 
        release from prison all arbitrarily detained United States 
        citizens and political prisoners who may be at increased risk 
        for contracting or suffering from complications from COVID-19;
            (5) COVID-19 threatens to roll back decades of progress for 
        women and girls, disproportionately affecting women 
        economically, educationally, and with respect to health, while 
        also leading to alarming rises in gender based violence; and
            (6) during and after the pandemic, the Department of State 
        and the United States Agency for International Development 
        should directly, and through nongovernmental organizations or 
        international organizations, provide assistance and implement 
        programs that support democratic institutions, civil society, 
        free media, and the advancement of internationally recognized 
        human rights.
    (b) Funding for Civil Society and Human Rights Defenders.--
            (1) Program priorities.--Amounts made available for each of 
        the fiscal years 2022 through 2026 to carry out the purposes of 
        sections 101 and 102 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 
        U.S.C. 2151 and 2151-1), including programs to support 
        democratic institutions, human rights defenders, civil society, 
        and freedom of the press, should be targeted, to the extent 
        feasible, toward civil society organizations in countries in 
        which emergency government measures taken in response to the 
        COVID-19 pandemic have violated internationally recognized 
        human rights.
            (2) Eligible organizations.--Civil society organizations 
        operating in countries in which emergency government measures 
        taken in response to the COVID-19 pandemic violated 
        internationally recognized human rights shall be eligible to 
        receive funds made available to carry out the purposes of 
        sections 101 and 102 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 for 
        each of the fiscal years 2022 through 2026, for--
                    (A) programs designed to strengthen and support 
                civil society, human rights defenders, freedom of 
                association, and the freedom of the press;
                    (B) programs to restore democratic institutions; 
                and
                    (C) peacebuilding and conflict prevention to 
                address the impacts of COVID-19 on social cohesion, 
                public trust, and conflict dynamics by adapting 
                existing programs or investing in new ones.
            (3) Final report.--Not later than 180 days after the date 
        of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State shall 
        submit a report to the appropriate congressional committees 
        that--
                    (A) lists the countries whose emergency measures 
                limiting internationally recognized human rights in a 
                manner inconsistent with the principles of limitation 
                and derogation remain in place;
                    (B) describes such countries' emergency measures, 
                including--
                            (i) how such procedures violate 
                        internationally recognized human rights; and
                            (ii) an analysis of the impact of such 
                        measures on access to health and efforts to 
                        control the COVID-19 pandemic within the 
                        country;
                    (C) describes--
                            (i) security and intelligence surveillance 
                        measures implemented by countries during the 
                        COVID-19 pandemic;
                            (ii) the extent to which such measures have 
                        been, or have not been, rolled back; and
                            (iii) whether and how such measures impact 
                        internationally recognized human rights; and
                    (D) includes a strategic plan by the Department of 
                State and the United States Agency for International 
                Development that addresses, through multilateral and 
                bilateral diplomacy and foreign assistance, the 
                persistent issues related to the restriction of 
                internationally recognized human rights in the COVID-19 
                response.

SEC. 108. PUBLIC DIPLOMACY AND COMBATING DISINFORMATION AND 
              MISINFORMATION ABOUT COVID-19.

    (a) United States Agency for Global Media.--
            (1) Finding.--Congress finds that the United States Agency 
        for Global Media (referred to in this section as ``USAGM'') 
        broadcasting entities and grantees have proven valuable in 
        providing timely and accurate information, particularly in 
        countries in which the free press is under threat.
            (2) Sense of congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
                    (A) accurate, investigative, and scientific 
                journalism is critical for societies to effectively 
                combat global health threats; and
                    (B) Congress supports--
                            (i) accurate and objective investigative 
                        and scientific reporting by USAGM networks and 
                        grantees regarding COVID-19; and
                            (ii) platforms that help dispel and combat 
                        misinformation about the COVID-19 pandemic.
            (3) Voice of america.--It is the sense of Congress that 
        amounts authorized to be appropriated or otherwise made 
        available to Voice of America should be used--
                    (A) to expand programs such as POLYGRAPH.info;
                    (B) to provide critical tools for combating 
                propaganda associated with COVID-19; and
                    (C) to assist journalists in providing accurate 
                information to local media outlets.
            (4) Office of cuba broadcasting.--It is the sense of 
        Congress that Radio Television Marti and Digital Marti should 
        continue to broadcast programs that detect, highlight, and 
        dispel disinformation.
            (5) Radio free europe/radio liberty.--
                    (A) Finding.--Congress finds that Radio Free 
                Europe/Radio Liberty (referred to in this section as 
                ``RFE/RL'') operate in media markets in which 
                authoritarian state and nonstate actors, including 
                Russia, heavily invest in misinformation and 
                disinformation campaigns designed to promote confusion 
                and mistrust.
                    (B) Sense of congress.--It is the sense of Congress 
                that RFE/RL should--
                            (i) increase investigative reporting 
                        regarding the impacts of COVID-19, the 
                        political and social responses governments are 
                        taking in response to COVID-19, and the lasting 
                        impacts such actions will have on key political 
                        freedoms; and
                            (ii) expand its ``digital first'' strategy.
            (6) Radio free asia.--
                    (A) Finding.--Congress finds that Radio Free Asia 
                (RFA) operates in a media market dominated by powerful 
                state-run media that have invested heavily in media 
                distortion and disinformation, including about COVID-
                19.
                    (B) Sense of congress.--It is the sense of Congress 
                that RFA should--
                            (i) commission technical experts to bolster 
                        efforts to counter social media tools, 
                        including bots used by some countries to 
                        promote misinformation;
                            (ii) expand digital programming and local 
                        coverage to expose China's media manipulation 
                        techniques; and
                            (iii) increase English language content to 
                        help counter China's propaganda directed toward 
                        English-speaking audiences.
            (7) Middle east broadcasting networks.--
                    (A) Finding.--Congress finds that the Middle East 
                Broadcasting Networks operate largely in closed media 
                markets in which malign state and nonstate actors 
                remain active.
                    (B) Sense of congress.--It is the sense of Congress 
                that the Middle East Broadcasting Networks should--
                            (i) continue plans to expand an 
                        investigative news unit; and
                            (ii) work to ensure that reporting 
                        continues amidst operational challenges on the 
                        ground.
            (8) Open technology fund.--
                    (A) Finding.--Congress finds that the Open 
                Technology Fund works to advance internet freedom in 
                repressive environments by supporting technologies 
                that--
                            (i) provide secure and uncensored access to 
                        USAGM's content and the broader internet; and
                            (ii) counter attempts by authoritarian 
                        governments to control the internet and 
                        restrict freedom online.
                    (B) Sense of congress.--It is the sense of Congress 
                that the Open Technology Fund should--
                            (i) support a broad range of technologies 
                        to respond to increasingly aggressive and 
                        sophisticated censorship and surveillance 
                        threats and provide more comprehensive and 
                        tailored support to USAGM's networks; and
                            (ii) provide direct assistance to USAGM's 
                        networks to improve the digital security of 
                        reporting operations and journalists.
    (b) Department of State Public Diplomacy Programs.--
            (1) Findings.--Congress finds the following:
                    (A) The Department of State's public diplomacy 
                programs build global networks that can address shared 
                challenges, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, including 
                through exchanges of researchers, public health 
                experts, and scientists.
                    (B) The programs referred to in subparagraph (A) 
                play a critical role in creating open and resilient 
                information environments where democracies can thrive, 
                as articulated in the 2020 Public Diplomacy Strategic 
                Plan, including by--
                            (i) improving media quality with journalist 
                        training and reporting tours;
                            (ii) conducting media literacy programs; 
                        and
                            (iii) supporting media access activities.
                    (C) The International Visitor Leadership Program 
                and Digital Communications Network engaged journalists 
                around the world to combat COVID-19 disinformation, 
                promote unbiased reporting, and strengthen media 
                literacy.
                    (D) More than 12,000 physicians holding J-1 visas 
                from 130 countries--
                            (i) are engaged in residency or fellowship 
                        training at approximately 750 hospitals 
                        throughout the United States, the majority of 
                        whom are serving in States that have been the 
                        hardest hit by COVID-19; and
                            (ii) throughout the pandemic, have served 
                        on the front lines of the medical workforce and 
                        in United States university labs researching 
                        ways to detect and treat the virus.
            (2) Visa processing briefing.--Not later than 30 days after 
        the date of the enactment of this Act, the Assistant Secretary 
        for Consular Affairs shall brief the appropriate congressional 
        committees by providing--
                    (A) a timeline for increasing visa processing 
                capacities at embassies around the world, notably where 
                there are--
                            (i) many American citizens, including dual 
                        nationals; and
                            (ii) many visa applicants for educational 
                        and cultural exchange programs that promote 
                        United States foreign policy objectives and 
                        economic stability to small businesses, 
                        universities, and communities across the United 
                        States;
                    (B) a detailed plan for using existing authorities 
                to waive or provide other alternatives to in-person 
                appointments and interviews;
                    (C) an assessment of whether additional authorities 
                and resources are required for the use of 
                videoconference appointments and interviews as an 
                alternative to in-person appointments and interviews; 
                and
                    (D) a detailed plan for using existing authorities 
                to rapidly cross-train and surge temporary personnel to 
                support consular services at embassies and consulates 
                of the United States around the world, and an 
                assessment of whether additional authorities and 
                resources are required.
            (3) Global engagement center.--
                    (A) Finding.--Congress finds that since the 
                beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, publications, 
                websites, and platforms associated with China, Russia, 
                and Iran have sponsored disinformation campaigns 
                related to the COVID-19 pandemic, including falsely 
                blaming the United States for the disease.
                    (B) Sense of congress.--It is the sense of Congress 
                that the Global Engagement Center should continue its 
                efforts to expose and counter state and non-state-
                sponsored disinformation related to COVID-19, the 
                origins of COVID-19, and COVID-19 vaccinations.

SEC. 109. FINDINGS AND SENSE OF CONGRESS REGARDING THE UNITED STATES 
              INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT FINANCE CORPORATION.

    (a) Findings.--Congress finds the following:
            (1) The COVID-19 pandemic is causing a global economic 
        recession, as evidenced by the global economic indicators 
        described in paragraphs (2) through (4).
            (2) The United Nations Conference on Trade and Development 
        determined that the COVID-19 pandemic pushed the global economy 
        into recession in 2020 on a scale that has not been witnessed 
        since the 1930s.
            (3) Developed countries are expected to experience a 
        relatively more significant rebound in gross domestic product 
        growth during 2021 than is expected to be experienced in 
        developing countries, leading to concerns about a further 
        expansion in the gap between rich and poor countries, 
        particularly if this trend continues into 2022.
            (4) Global markets have suffered losses ranging between 5 
        percent and over 10 percent since the beginning of the 
        pandemic. While markets are recovering in 2021, global job 
        losses and unemployment rates remain high, with--
                    (A) approximately 33,000,000 labor hours lost 
                globally (13 per cent of the total hours lost) due to 
                outright unemployment; and
                    (B) an estimated additional 81,000,000 labor hours 
                lost due to inactivity or underemployment.
            (5) Given the prolonged nature of the COVID-19 pandemic, 
        African finance ministers have requested continued efforts to 
        provide--
                    (A) additional liquidity;
                    (B) better market access;
                    (C) more concessional resources; and
                    (D) an extension in the Debt Service Suspension 
                Initiative established by the Group of 20.
    (b) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
            (1) even when markets begin to recover in the future, it is 
        likely that access to capital will be especially challenging 
        for developing countries, which still will be struggling with 
        the containment of, and recovery from, the COVID-19 pandemic;
            (2) economic uncertainty and the inability of individuals 
        and households to generate income are major drivers of 
        political instability and social discord, which create 
        conditions for insecurity;
            (3) it is in the security and economic interests of the 
        United States to assist in the economic recovery of developing 
        countries that are made more vulnerable and unstable from the 
        public health and economic impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic;
            (4) United States foreign assistance and development 
        finance institutions should seek to blunt the impacts of a 
        COVID-19 related economic recession by supporting investments 
        in sectors critical to maintaining economic stability and 
        resilience in low and middle income countries;
            (5) the need for the United States International 
        Development Finance Corporation's support for advancing 
        development outcomes in less developed countries, as mandated 
        by the Better Utilization of Investments Leading to Development 
        Act of 2018 (22 U.S.C. 9601 et seq.), is critical to ensuring 
        lasting and resilient economic growth in light of the COVID-19 
        pandemic's exacerbation of economic hardships and challenges;
            (6) The United States International Development Finance 
        Corporation should adjust its view of risk versus return by 
        taking smart risks that may produce a lower rate of financial 
        return, but produce significant development outcomes in 
        responding to the economic effects of COVID-19;
            (7) to mitigate the economic impacts of the COVID-19 
        recession, the United States International Development Finance 
        Corporation should use its resources and authorities, among 
        other things--
                    (A) to ensure loan support for small- and medium-
                sized enterprises;
                    (B) to offer local currency loans to borrowers for 
                working capital needs;
                    (C) to create dedicated financing opportunities for 
                new ``customers'' that are experiencing financial 
                hardship due to the COVID-19 pandemic; and
                    (D) to work with other development finance 
                institutions to create co-financing facilities to 
                support customers experiencing hardship due to the 
                COVID-19 pandemic.

SEC. 110. SENSE OF CONGRESS REGARDING INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION TO 
              PREVENT AND RESPOND TO FUTURE PANDEMICS.

    It is the sense of Congress that--
            (1) global pandemic preparedness and response requires 
        international and regional cooperation and action;
            (2) the United States should lead efforts in multilateral 
        fora, such as the Group of 7, the Group of 20, and the United 
        Nations, by collaborating and cooperating with other countries 
        and international and regional organizations, including the 
        World Health Organization and other key stakeholders, to 
        implement international strategies, tools, and agreements to 
        better prevent, detect, and respond to future infectious 
        disease threats before they become pandemics; and
            (3) the United States should enhance and expand 
        coordination and collaboration among the relevant Federal 
        departments and agencies, the Food and Agriculture Organization 
        of the United Nations, the World Health Organization, and the 
        World Organization for Animal Health, to advance a One Health 
        approach toward preventing, detecting, and responding to 
        zoonotic threats in the human-animal interface.

SEC. 111. ROLES OF THE DEPARTMENT OF STATE, THE UNITED STATES AGENCY 
              FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT, AND THE CENTERS FOR 
              DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION IN PANDEMIC RESPONSE.

    (a) Designation of Lead Agencies for Coordination of the United 
States' Response to Infectious Disease Outbreaks With Severe or 
Pandemic Potential.--The President shall designate relevant Federal 
departments and agencies, including the Department of State, USAID, and 
the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, to lead specific 
aspects of the United States response to infectious disease outbreaks 
with severe or pandemic potential.
    (b) Notification.--Not later than 120 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the President shall notify the appropriate 
congressional committees, the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, 
and Pensions of the Senate, and the Committee on Energy and Commerce of 
the House of Representatives of the designations made pursuant to 
subsection (a), including detailed descriptions of the roles and 
responsibilities of each relevant department and agency.

SEC. 112. USAID DISASTER SURGE CAPACITY.

    (a) Surge Capacity.--Amounts authorized to be appropriated or 
otherwise made available to carry out part I and chapter 4 of part II 
of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2151 et seq.), 
including funds made available for ``Assistance for Europe, Eurasia and 
Central Asia'', may be used, in addition to amounts otherwise made 
available for such purposes, for the cost (including support costs) of 
individuals detailed to or employed by the United States Agency for 
International Development whose primary responsibility is to carry out 
programs in response to global health emergencies and natural or man-
made disasters.
    (b) Notification.--Not later than 15 days before making funds 
available to address man-made disasters pursuant to subsection (a), the 
Secretary of State or the Administrator of the United States Agency for 
International Development shall notify the appropriate congressional 
committees of such action.

SEC. 113. STATEMENT OF POLICY ON HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE TO COUNTRIES 
              AFFECTED BY PANDEMICS.

    (a) Statement of Policy.--It shall be the policy of the United 
States--
            (1) to ensure that United States assistance to address 
        pandemics, including the provision of vaccines, reaches 
        vulnerable and marginalized populations, including racial and 
        religious minorities, refugees, internally displaced persons, 
        migrants, stateless persons, women, children, the elderly, and 
        persons with disabilities;
            (2) to ensure that United States assistance, including 
        development finance, addresses the second order effects of a 
        pandemic, including acute food insecurity; and
            (3) to protect and support humanitarian actors who are 
        essential workers in preventing, mitigating and responding to 
        the spread of a pandemic among vulnerable and marginalized 
        groups described in paragraph (1), including ensuring that such 
        humanitarian actors--
                    (A) are exempted from unreasonable travel 
                restrictions to ensure that they can effectively 
                provide life-saving assistance; and
                    (B) are prioritized as frontline workers in country 
                vaccine distribution plans.
    (b) Facilitating Effective and Safe Humanitarian Assistance.--The 
Secretary of State, in coordination with the Administrator of the 
United States Agency for International Development, should carry out 
actions that accomplish the policies set forth in subsection (a), 
including by--
            (1) taking steps to ensure that travel restrictions 
        implemented to help contain the spread of a pandemic are not 
        applied to individuals authorized by the United States 
        Government to travel to, or reside in, a designated country to 
        provide assistance related to, or otherwise impacted by, an 
        outbreak;
            (2) approving the use of foreign assistance for the 
        procurement of personal protective equipment by United States 
        Government implementing partners from businesses within or 
        nearby the country receiving foreign assistance on an urgent 
        basis and in a manner consistent with efforts to respond to the 
        spread of a pandemic in the United States; and
            (3) waiving certain travel restrictions implemented to help 
        contain the spread of a pandemic in order to facilitate the 
        medical evacuation of United States Government implementing 
        partners, regardless of nationality.

      TITLE II--INTERNATIONAL PANDEMIC PREVENTION AND PREPAREDNESS

SEC. 201. PARTNER COUNTRY DEFINED.

    In this title, the term ``partner country'' means a foreign country 
in which the relevant Federal departments and agencies are implementing 
United States assistance for global health security and pandemic 
prevention and preparedness under this Act.

SEC. 202. GLOBAL HEALTH SECURITY STRATEGY AND REPORT.

    (a) In General.--The President shall develop, update, maintain, and 
advance a comprehensive strategy for improving global health security 
and pandemic prevention, preparedness, and response that--
            (1) clearly articulates the policy goals related to 
        pandemic prevention, preparedness, and response, and actions 
        necessary to elevate and strengthen United States diplomatic 
        leadership in global health security and pandemic preparedness, 
        including by building the expertise of the diplomatic corps;
            (2) improves the effectiveness of United States foreign 
        assistance to prevent, detect, and respond to infectious 
        disease threats, through a One Health approach, including 
        through the advancement of the Global Health Security Agenda, 
        the International Health Regulations (2005), and other relevant 
        frameworks and programs that contribute to global health 
        security and pandemic preparedness;
            (3) establishes specific and measurable goals, benchmarks, 
        timetables, performance metrics, and monitoring and evaluation 
        plans for United States foreign policy and assistance for 
        global health security that promote learning and adaptation and 
        reflect international best practices relating to global health 
        security, transparency, and accountability;
            (4) establishes transparent means to improve coordination 
        and performance by the relevant Federal departments and 
        agencies and sets out clear roles and responsibilities that 
        reflect the unique capabilities and resources of each such 
        department and agency;
            (5) establishes mechanisms to improve coordination and 
        avoid duplication of effort among the relevant Federal 
        departments and agencies, partner countries, donor countries, 
        the private sector, multilateral organizations, and other key 
        stakeholders, and ensures collaboration at the country level;
            (6) supports, and is aligned with, partner country-led, 
        global health security policy and investment plans, developed 
        with input from key stakeholders, as appropriate;
            (7) prioritizes working with partner countries with--
                    (A) demonstrated need, as identified through the 
                Joint External Evaluation process, the Global Health 
                Security Index classification of health systems, 
                national action plans for health security, Global 
                Health Security Agenda Action Packages, other risk-
                based assessments, and other complementary or successor 
                indicators of global health security and pandemic 
                preparedness; and
                    (B) demonstrated commitment to transparency, 
                including budget and global health data transparency, 
                complying with the International Health Regulations 
                (2005), investing in domestic health systems, and 
                achieving measurable results;
            (8) reduces long-term reliance upon United States foreign 
        assistance for global health security by--
                    (A) helping build and enhance community resilience 
                to infectious disease emergencies and threats, such as 
                COVID-19 and Ebola;
                    (B) ensuring that United States global health 
                assistance is strategically planned and coordinated in 
                a manner that contributes to the strengthening of 
                overall health systems and builds the capacity of local 
                organizations and institutions;
                    (C) promoting improved domestic resource 
                mobilization, co-financing, and appropriate national 
                budget allocations for strong health systems, global 
                health security, and pandemic preparedness and response 
                in partner countries; and
                    (D) ensuring partner country ownership of global 
                health security strategies, data, programs, and 
                outcomes;
            (9) supports health budget and workforce planning in 
        partner countries, including training in public financial 
        management and budget data transparency;
            (10) works to ensure that--
                    (A) partner countries have national action plans 
                for health security that are developed with input from 
                key stakeholders, including communities and the private 
                sector;
                    (B) United States foreign assistance for global 
                health security is aligned with such national action 
                plans for health security in partner countries, 
                developed with input from key stakeholders, including 
                communities and the private sector, to the greatest 
                extent practicable and appropriate; and
                    (C) United States global health security efforts 
                are aligned with ongoing strategies and initiatives 
                across government agencies to help nations better 
                identify and prevent health impacts related to 
                deforestation, climate-related events, and increased 
                unsafe interactions between wildlife, livestock, and 
                people, including the emergence, reemergence, and 
                spread of zoonoses;
            (11) strengthens linkages between complementary bilateral 
        and multilateral foreign assistance programs, including efforts 
        of the World Bank, the World Health Organization, the Global 
        Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis, and Malaria, Gavi, the 
        Vaccine Alliance, and regional health organizations, that 
        contribute to the development of more resilient health systems 
        and supply chains in partner countries with the capacity, 
        resources, and personnel required to prevent, detect, and 
        respond to infectious disease threats; and
            (12) supports innovation and partnerships with the private 
        sector, health organizations, civil society, nongovernmental 
        organizations, and health research and academic institutions to 
        improve pandemic preparedness and response, including for the 
        prevention and detection of infectious disease, and the 
        development and deployment of effective, accessible, and 
        affordable infectious disease tracking tools, diagnostics, 
        therapeutics, and vaccines.
    (b) Submission of Strategy.--Not later than 120 days after the date 
of the enactment of this Act, the President shall submit the strategy 
required under subsection (a) to the appropriate congressional 
committees.
    (c) Annual Report.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the submission 
        of the strategy to the appropriate congressional committees 
        under subsection (b), and not later than October 1 of each year 
        thereafter for the following 4 fiscal years, the President 
        shall submit a report to the appropriate congressional 
        committees that describes--
                    (A) the status of the implementation of the 
                strategy required under subsection (a);
                    (B) any necessary updates to the strategy;
                    (C) the progress made in implementing the strategy, 
                with specific information related to the progress 
                toward improving countries' ability to detect, respond 
                and prevent the spread of infectious disease threats, 
                such as COVID-19 and Ebola; and
                    (D) details on the status of funds made available 
                to carry out the purposes of this title.
            (2) Agency-specific plans.--The reports required under 
        paragraph (1) shall include specific implementation plans from 
        each relevant Federal department and agency that describe--
                    (A) how updates to the strategy may have impacted 
                the agency's plan during the preceding calendar year;
                    (B) the progress made in meeting the goals, 
                objectives, and benchmarks under implementation plans 
                during the preceding year;
                    (C) the anticipated staffing plans and 
                contributions of the department or agency, including 
                technical, financial, and in-kind contributions, to 
                implement the strategy;
                    (D) a transparent, open, and detailed accounting of 
                obligations by each of the relevant Federal departments 
                and agencies to implement the strategy, including--
                            (i) the statutory source of obligated 
                        funds;
                            (ii) the amounts obligated;
                            (iii) implementing partners;
                            (iv) targeted beneficiaries; and
                            (v) activities supported;
                    (E) the efforts of the relevant Federal department 
                or agency to ensure that the activities and programs 
                carried out pursuant to the strategy are designed to 
                achieve maximum impact and enduring returns, including 
                through specific activities to strengthen health 
                systems, as appropriate; and
                    (F) a plan for regularly reviewing and updating 
                programs and partnerships, and for sharing lessons 
                learned with a wide range of stakeholders in an open, 
                transparent manner.
            (3) Form.--The reports required under paragraph (1) shall 
        be submitted in unclassified form, but may contain a classified 
        annex.

SEC. 203. COMMITTEE ON GLOBAL HEALTH SECURITY AND PANDEMIC AND 
              BIOLOGICAL THREATS.

    (a) Statement of Policy.--It shall be the policy of the United 
States--
            (1) to promote global health security as a core national 
        and security interest; and
            (2) to ensure effective coordination and collaboration 
        between the relevant Federal departments and agencies engaged 
        domestically and internationally in efforts to advance the 
        global health security of the United States, in accordance with 
        paragraph (1).
    (b) Coordination.--
            (1) Defined term.--In this subsection, the term ``pandemic 
        threat'' means any infectious disease that--
                    (A) has an aggregation of cases in a community that 
                rises above what is normally expected in that 
                population in that area;
                    (B) has the potential to spread over several 
                countries or continents; and
                    (C) could, if not addressed, threaten the national 
                security of the United States.
            (2) Committee on global health security and pandemic and 
        biological threats.--There is authorized to be established, 
        within the National Security Council, the Committee on Global 
        Health Security and Pandemic and Biological Threats (referred 
        to in this subsection as the ``Committee''), whose day to day 
        operations should be led by the Special Advisor for Global 
        Health Security.
            (3) Special advisor for global health security.--The 
        Special Advisor for Global Health Security referred to in 
        paragraph (2)--
                    (A) should serve as part of the staff of the 
                National Security Council; and
                    (B) may also be the Senior Director for a Global 
                Health Security and Biodefense Directorate within the 
                Executive Office of the President, who reports to the 
                Assistant to the President for National Security 
                Affairs.
            (4) Composition.--The Committee should include the 
        following members:
                    (A) The Director of National Intelligence.
                    (B) The Secretary of State.
                    (C) The Secretary of Defense.
                    (D) The Secretary of Health and Human Services.
                    (E) The Administrator of the United States Agency 
                for International Development.
                    (F) The Secretary of Agriculture.
                    (G) The Secretary of Treasury.
                    (H) The Attorney General.
                    (I) The Secretary of Homeland Security.
                    (J) The Office of Management and Budget.
                    (K) The Administrator of the Environmental 
                Protection Agency.
                    (L) The Director of the Centers for Disease Control 
                and Prevention.
                    (M) The Director of the Office of Science and 
                Technology Policy.
                    (N) The Assistant to the President for National 
                Security Affairs, who should serve as the chairperson 
                of the Committee.
                    (O) The Director of the National Institutes of 
                Health.
                    (P) The Director of the National Institute of 
                Allergy and Infectious Diseases.
                    (Q) The Secretary of Labor.
                    (R) Such other members as the President may 
                designate.
            (5) Functions.--
                    (A) In general.--The functions of the Committee 
                should be--
                            (i) to provide strategic guidance for the 
                        development of a policy framework for 
                        activities of the United States Government 
                        relating to global health security, including 
                        pandemic prevention, preparedness and response; 
                        and
                            (ii) to ensure policy coordination between 
                        United States Government agencies, especially 
                        coordination between--
                                    (I) agencies with a primarily 
                                domestic mandate; and
                                    (II) agencies with an international 
                                mandate relating to global health 
                                security and pandemic threats.
                    (B) Activities.--In carrying out the functions 
                described in subparagraph (A), the Committee should--
                            (i) conduct, in coordination with the heads 
                        of relevant Federal agencies, a review of 
                        existing United States health security policies 
                        and strategies and develop recommendations for 
                        how the Federal Government may regularly update 
                        and harmonize such policies and strategies to 
                        ensure the timely development of a 
                        comprehensive coordinated strategy to enable 
                        the United States Government to respond to 
                        pandemic threats and to monitor the 
                        implementation of such strategies;
                            (ii) develop a plan for--
                                    (I) establishing an interagency 
                                National Center for Epidemic 
                                Forecasting and Outbreak Analytics; and
                                    (II) modernizing global early 
                                warning and trigger systems for scaling 
                                action to prevent, detect, respond to, 
                                and recover from emerging biological 
                                threats;
                            (iii) provide policy-level recommendations 
                        to participating agencies regarding the Global 
                        Health Security Agenda goals, objectives, and 
                        implementation, and other international efforts 
                        to strengthen pandemic prevention, preparedness 
                        and response;
                            (iv) review the progress toward, and 
                        working to resolve challenges in, achieving 
                        United States commitments under the Global 
                        Health Security Agenda;
                            (v) develop protocols for coordinating and 
                        deploying a global response to emerging high-
                        consequence infectious disease threats that 
                        outline the respective roles for relevant 
                        Federal agencies in facilitating and supporting 
                        such response operations that should facilitate 
                        the operational work of Federal agencies, and 
                        of the Special Advisor for Global Health 
                        Security;
                            (vi) make recommendations regarding 
                        appropriate responses to specific pandemic 
                        threats and ensure the coordination of domestic 
                        and international agencies regarding the 
                        Federal Government's efforts to prevent, 
                        detect, respond to, and recover from biological 
                        events;
                            (vii) take steps to strengthen the global 
                        pandemic supply chain and address any barriers 
                        to the timely delivery of supplies in response 
                        to a pandemic, including through engagement 
                        with the private sector, as appropriate;
                    (C) develop policies and procedures to ensure the 
                effective sharing of information from domestic and 
                international sources about pandemic threats among the 
                relevant Federal departments and agencies, State and 
                local governments, and international partners and 
                organizations; and
                    (D) develop guidelines to enhance and improve the 
                operational coordination between State and local 
                governments and Federal agencies with respect to 
                pandemic threats.
            (6) Foreign affairs responsibilities.--The Committee should 
        not assume any foreign affairs responsibilities of the 
        Secretary of State, including the responsibility to oversee the 
        implementation of programs and policies that advance global 
        health security within foreign countries.
            (7) Specific roles and responsibilities.--
                    (A) In general.--The heads of the agencies listed 
                in paragraph (4) should--
                            (i) make global health security and 
                        pandemic threat reduction a high priority 
                        within their respective agencies, and include 
                        global health security and pandemic threat 
                        reduction-related activities within their 
                        respective agencies' strategic planning and 
                        budget processes;
                            (ii) designate a senior-level official to 
                        be responsible for global health security and 
                        pandemic threat reduction at each of their 
                        respective agencies;
                            (iii) designate, in accordance with 
                        paragraph (4), an appropriate representative at 
                        the Assistant Secretary level or higher to 
                        participate on the Committee in instances where 
                        the head of the agency cannot participate;
                            (iv) keep the Committee apprised of Global 
                        Health Security and pandemic threat reduction-
                        related activities undertaken within their 
                        respective agencies;
                            (v) ensure interagency cooperation and 
                        collaboration and maintain responsibility for 
                        agency-related programmatic functions 
                        including, as applicable, in coordination with 
                        host governments, country teams, and global 
                        health security in-country teams; and
                            (vi) keep the Committee apprised of GHSA-
                        related activities undertaken within their 
                        respective agencies.
                    (B) Additional roles and responsibilities.--In 
                addition to the roles and responsibilities described in 
                subparagraph (A), the heads of the agencies described 
                in paragraph (4) should carry out their respective 
                roles and responsibilities described in Executive Order 
                13747 (81 Fed. Reg. 78701; relating to Advancing the 
                Global Health Security Agenda to Achieve a World Safe 
                and Secure from Infectious Disease Threats) and the 
                National Security Memorandum-1 on United States Global 
                Leadership to Strengthen the International COVID-19 
                Response and to Advance Global Health Security and 
                Biological Preparedness, as in effect on the day before 
                the date of the enactment of this Act.
            (8) Regular briefings.--Not less frequently than twice each 
        year, the Special Advisor for Global Health Security shall 
        provide a briefing on the responsibilities and activities of 
        the Committee to the appropriate congressional committees, the 
        Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions of the 
        Senate and the Committee on Energy and Commerce of the House of 
        Representatives.

SEC. 204. UNITED STATES OVERSEAS GLOBAL HEALTH SECURITY AND DIPLOMACY 
              COORDINATION.

    (a) Establishment.--There is established, within the Department of 
State, a Special Representative for United States International 
Activities to Advance Global Health Security and Diplomacy Overseas 
(referred to in this section as the ``Special Representative'').
    (b) Appointment; Qualifications.--The Special Representative--
            (1) shall be appointed by the President, by and with the 
        advice and consent of the Senate;
            (2) shall report to the Secretary of State; and
            (3) shall have--
                    (A) demonstrated knowledge and experience in the 
                fields of development and public health, epidemiology, 
                or medicine; and
                    (B) relevant diplomatic, policy, and political 
                expertise.
    (c) Authorities.--The Special Representative is authorized--
            (1) to operate internationally to carry out the purposes of 
        this title;
            (2) to lead in developing a global pandemic prevention, 
        preparedness and response framework to support global pandemic 
        prevention, preparedness, responses and recovery efforts, 
        including through--
                    (A) diplomatic engagement and related foreign 
                policy efforts, such as multilateral and bilateral 
                arrangements, enhanced coordination of engagement with 
                multilateral organizations and countries, and the 
                mobilization of donor contributions; and
                    (B) support for United States citizens living 
                abroad, including consular support;
            (3) to serve as the representative of the Secretary of 
        State on the Committee on Global Health Security and Pandemic 
        and Biological Threats under section 202;
            (4) to represent the United States in the multilateral, 
        catalytic financing mechanism described in section 302(a);
            (5) to transfer and allocate United States foreign 
        assistance funding authorized to be appropriated pursuant to 
        subsection (f) to the relevant Federal departments and agencies 
        implementing the strategy required under section 202, in 
        coordination with the Office of Management and Budget, the 
        United States Agency for International Development, the 
        Department of Health and Human Services, and the Office of 
        Foreign Assistance Resources in the Department of State;
            (6) to utilize detailees, on a reimbursable or 
        nonreimbursable basis, from the relevant Federal departments 
        and agencies and hire personal service contractors, who may 
        operate domestically and internationally, to ensure that the 
        Office of the Special Representative has access to the highest 
        quality experts available to the United States Government to 
        carry out the functions under this Act; and
            (7) to perform such other functions as the Secretary of 
        State may assign.
    (d) Duties.--The Special Representative shall coordinate, manage, 
and oversee United States foreign policy, diplomatic efforts, and 
foreign assistance funded with amounts appropriated pursuant to 
subsection (f) to advance the United States Global Health Security and 
Diplomacy Strategy developed pursuant to section 202, including by--
            (1) developing and coordinating a global pandemic 
        prevention, preparedness and response framework consistent with 
        subsection (c)(2);
            (2) enhancing engagement with multilateral organizations 
        and partner countries, including through the mobilization of 
        donor support;
            (3) enhancing coordination of consular services for United 
        States citizens abroad in the event of a global health 
        emergency;
            (4) ensuring effective program coordination and 
        implementation by the relevant Federal departments and agencies 
        by--
                    (A) formulating, issuing, and updating related 
                policy guidance;
                    (B) establishing, in consultation with the United 
                States Agency for International Development and the 
                Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, unified 
                auditing, monitoring, and evaluation plans;
                    (C) aligning, in coordination with United States 
                chiefs of mission and country teams in partner 
                countries--
                            (i) the foreign assistance resources funded 
                        with amounts appropriated pursuant to 
                        subsection (f); and
                            (ii) the implementation plans required 
                        under section 202(c)(2) with the relevant 
                        Federal departments and agencies in a manner 
                        that--
                                    (I) is consistent with Executive 
                                Order 13747 (81 Fed. Reg. 78701; 
                                relating to Advancing the Global Health 
                                Security Agenda to Achieve a World Safe 
                                and Secure from Infectious Disease 
                                Threats);
                                    (II) is consistent with the 
                                National Security Memorandum on United 
                                States Global Leadership to Strengthen 
                                the International COVID-19 Response and 
                                to Advance Global Health Security and 
                                Biological Preparedness, issued by 
                                President Biden on January 21, 2021; 
                                and
                                    (III) reflects and leverages the 
                                unique capabilities of each such 
                                department and agency;
                    (D) convening, as appropriate, an interagency 
                working group on pandemic prevention and preparedness, 
                headed by the Special Representative and including 
                representatives from the relevant Federal departments 
                and agencies, to facilitate coordination of activities 
                relating to pandemic prevention and preparedness in 
                partner countries under this Act;
                    (E) working with, and leveraging the expertise and 
                activities of, the Office of the United States Global 
                AIDS Coordinator, the Office of the United States 
                Global Malaria Coordinator, and similar or successor 
                entities that are implementing United States global 
                health assistance overseas; and
                    (F) avoiding duplication of effort and working to 
                resolve policy, program, and funding disputes among the 
                relevant Federal departments and agencies;
            (5) leading diplomatic efforts to identify and address 
        current and emerging threats to global health security;
            (6) ensuring, in coordination with the Secretary of Health 
        and Human Services and the Administrator of the United States 
        Agency for International Development, effective representation 
        of the United States in relevant international forums, 
        including at the World Health Organization, the World Health 
        Assembly, and meetings of the Global Health Security Agenda and 
        of the Global Health Security Initiative;
            (7) working to enhance coordination with, and transparency 
        among, the governments of partner countries and key 
        stakeholders, including the private sector;
            (8) promoting greater donor and national investment in 
        partner countries to build more resilient health systems and 
        supply chains, including through representation and 
        participation in a multilateral, catalytic financing mechanism 
        for global health security and pandemic prevention and 
        preparedness, consistent with title III;
            (9) securing bilateral and multilateral financing 
        commitments to advance the Global Health Security Agenda, 
        including through funding for the financing mechanism described 
        in title III; and
            (10) providing regular updates to the appropriate 
        congressional committees regarding the fulfillment of the 
        duties described in this subsection.
    (e) Deputy Representative.--The Special Representative should be 
supported by a deputy, who--
            (1) should be an employee of the United States Agency for 
        International Development serving in a career or noncareer 
        position in the Senior Executive Service or at the level of a 
        Deputy Assistant Administrator or higher;
            (2) should have demonstrated knowledge and experience in 
        the fields of development and public health, epidemiology, or 
        medicine; and
            (3) serves concurrently as the deputy and performs the 
        functions described in section 3(h) of Executive Order 13747 
        (81 Fed. Reg. 78701).
    (f) Authorization of Appropriations.--
            (1) In general.--There is authorized to be appropriated 
        $5,000,000,000, for the 5-year period beginning on October 1, 
        2022, to carry out the purposes of this section and title III, 
        which, in consultation with the appropriate congressional 
        committees and subject to the requirements under chapters 1 and 
        10 of part I and section 634A of the Foreign Assistance Act of 
        1961 (22 U.S.C. 2151 et seq.), may include support for--
                    (A) enhancing preparedness in partner countries 
                through implementation of the Global Health Security 
                Strategy developed pursuant to section 202;
                    (B) replenishing the Emergency Reserve Fund at the 
                United States Agency for International Development, 
                established pursuant to section 7058(c)(1) of the 
                Department of State, Foreign Operations, and Related 
                Programs Appropriations Act, 2017 (division J of Public 
                Law 115-31) to address new or emerging infectious 
                disease threats, as necessary and appropriate;
                    (C) United States contributions to the World Bank 
                Health Emergency Preparedness and Response Multi-Donor 
                Fund; and
                    (D) United States contributions to a multilateral, 
                catalytic financing mechanism for global health 
                security and pandemic prevention and preparedness 
                described in section 302.
            (2) Exception.--Section 110 of the Trafficking Victims 
        Protection Act of 2000 (22 U.S.C. 7107) shall not apply to 
        assistance made available pursuant to this subsection.

SEC. 205. RESILIENCE.

    It shall be the policy of the United States to support the growth 
of healthier, more stable societies, while advancing the global health 
security interests of the United States by working with key 
stakeholders--
            (1) in developing countries that are highly vulnerable to 
        the emergence, reemergence, and spread of infectious diseases 
        with pandemic potential, including disease outbreaks resulting 
        from natural and manmade disasters, human displacement, loss of 
        natural habitat, poor access to water, sanitation, and hygiene, 
        and other political, security, economic, and climatic shocks 
        and stresses;
            (2) to develop effective tools to identify, analyze, 
        forecast, and mitigate the risks that make such countries 
        vulnerable;
            (3) to better integrate short-, medium-, and long-term 
        recovery efforts into global health emergency response and 
        disaster relief; and
            (4) to ensure that international assistance and financing 
        tools are effectively designed, objectively informed, 
        strategically targeted, carefully coordinated, reasonably 
        adapted, and rigorously monitored and evaluated in a manner 
        that advances the policy objectives under this section.

SEC. 206. STRENGTHENING HEALTH SYSTEMS.

    (a) Statement of Policy.--It shall be the policy of the United 
States to ensure that bilateral global health assistance programs are 
effectively managed and coordinated to contribute to the strengthening 
of health systems in each country in which such programs are carried 
out, as necessary and appropriate for the purposes of achieving 
improved health outcomes.
    (b) Coordination.--The Administrator of USAID shall work with the 
Director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the Global 
Malaria Coordinator, and the United States Global AIDS Coordinator and 
Special Representative for Global Health Diplomacy at the Department of 
State to identify areas of collaboration and coordination in countries 
with global health programs and activities undertaken by USAID pursuant 
to the United States Leadership Against HIV/AIDS, Tuberculosis, and 
Malaria Act of 2003 (Public Law 108-25) and other relevant statutes to 
ensure that such activities contribute to health systems strengthening.
    (c) Pilot Program .--
            (1) In general.--The Administrator of USAID should identify 
        not fewer than 5 countries in which the United States has 
        significant bilateral investments in global health to develop 
        an integrated approach toward health systems strengthening that 
        takes advantage of all sources of funding for global health in 
        such country, with the aim of establishing an enduring model 
        for coordinating health systems strengthening activities in 
        additional countries in the future.
            (2) Assessment.--In the countries selected under paragraph 
        (1), USAID missions, in consultation with USAID's Office of 
        Health Systems, should conduct an assessment that--
                    (A) takes a comprehensive view of the constraints 
                in the country's health system that prevent the 
                achievement of desired outcomes of United States 
                Government-supported health programs;
                    (B) identifies the best opportunities for improving 
                health systems to achieve improved outcomes, including 
                obstacles to health service delivery;
                    (C) maps the resources of the country and other 
                donors in the health sector with a focus on investment 
                in health system strengthening; and
                    (D) develops, based on the results of the 
                assessment described in subparagraph (A), and 
                implements a new or revised 5-year strategy for United 
                States assistance to strengthen the country's health 
                system that--
                            (i) provides a framework for implementing 
                        such strategy;
                            (ii) identifies key areas for United States 
                        Government investments to strengthen the health 
                        system in alignment with other donors and 
                        achieve health outcomes beyond a single sector;
                            (iii) specifies the anticipated role of 
                        health programs undertaken by each of the 
                        relevant Federal departments and agencies 
                        operating in the country in implementing such 
                        strategy;
                            (iv) includes clear goals, benchmarks, 
                        outputs, desired outcomes, a means of measuring 
                        progress and a cost analysis; and
                            (v) requires reporting by each Federal 
                        department and agency regarding their 
                        participation and contribution, including in 
                        the PEPFAR Annual Report to Congress.
            (3) Strategies to strengthen health systems.--USAID 
        missions in countries identified pursuant paragraph (1) should 
        develop a strategy to strengthen health systems based on the 
        assessment developed pursuant to paragraph (2) that--
                    (A) ensures complementarity with priorities 
                identified under any other action plan focused on 
                strengthening a country's health system, such as the 
                World Health Organization's Joint External Evaluation 
                and National Action Plans for Health Security;
                    (B) identifies bureaucratic barriers and 
                inefficiencies, including poor linkages between 
                government ministries and between ministries and donor 
                agencies and the extent of any corruption, and identify 
                actions to overcome such barriers;
                    (C) identifies potential obstacles to the 
                implementation of the strategy, such as issues relating 
                to lack of political will, poor governance of an 
                effective health system at all levels of the country's 
                public health systems, especially with respect to 
                governing bodies and councils at the provincial, 
                district, and community levels, and the exclusion of 
                women, minorities, other underserved groups, and 
                frontline health workers in decision making;
                    (D) includes proposals for mobilizing sufficient 
                and durable financing for health systems;
                    (E) identifies barriers to building and retaining 
                an effective frontline health workforce with key global 
                health security capacities, informed by the 
                International Health Regulations (2005), including--
                            (i) strengthened data collection and 
                        analysis;
                            (ii) data driven decision making capacity;
                            (iii) recommendations for partner country 
                        actions to achieve a workforce that conforms 
                        with the World Health Organization's 
                        recommendation for at least 44.5 doctors, 
                        nurses, and midwives and at least 15 paid, 
                        trained, equipped, and professionally 
                        supervised community health workers for every 
                        10,000 people, while supporting proper 
                        distribution and high-quality job performance; 
                        and
                            (iv) the formalization and inclusion of the 
                        community health workforce in planning for a 
                        resilient health system to ensure essential 
                        service delivery and pandemic response;
                    (F) identifies deficiencies in information systems 
                and communication technologies that prevent linkages at 
                all levels of the health system delivery and medical 
                supply systems and promotes interoperability across 
                data systems with real time data, while protecting data 
                security;
                    (G) identifies weaknesses in supply chain and 
                procurement systems and practices, and recommends ways 
                to improve the efficiency, transparency, and 
                effectiveness of such systems and practices;
                    (H) identifies obstacles to health service access 
                and quality and improved health outcomes for women and 
                girls, and for the poorest and most vulnerable, 
                including a lack of social support and other underlying 
                causes, and recommendations for how to overcome such 
                obstacles;
                    (I) includes plans for integrating innovations in 
                health technologies, services, and systems;
                    (J) identifies barriers to health literacy, 
                community engagement, and patient empowerment, and 
                recommendations for overcoming such barriers;
                    (K) includes proposals for strengthening community 
                health systems and the community-based health workforce 
                informed by the World Health Organization guideline on 
                health policy and system support to optimize community 
                health worker programmes (2018), including the 
                professionalization of community health workers;
                    (L) describes the role of the private sector and 
                nongovernmental health providers, including community 
                groups engaged in health promotion and mutual 
                assistance and other institutions engaged in health 
                delivery, including the extent to which the local 
                population utilizes such health services;
                    (M) facilitates rapid response during health 
                emergencies, such as last mile delivery of vaccines to 
                respond to and prevent the spread of infectious 
                diseases with epidemic and pandemic potential; and
                    (N) ensures that relevant USAID missions and 
                bureaus are appropriately staffed and resourced to 
                carry out such activities efficiently, effectively, and 
                in-line with best practices.
            (4) Consultation and reporting requirements.--
                    (A) Consultation.--In developing a strategy 
                pursuant to paragraph (3), each USAID mission should 
                consult with a wide variety of stakeholders, 
                including--
                            (i) relevant partner government 
                        institutions;
                            (ii) professional associations;
                            (iii) patient groups;
                            (iv) civil society organizations (including 
                        international nongovernmental organizations 
                        with relevant expertise in program 
                        implementation); and
                            (v) the private sector.
                    (B) Reporting.--Not later than 180 days after the 
                date of the enactment of this Act, the Administrator of 
                USAID and the United States Global AIDS Coordinator 
                shall submit a report to the appropriate congressional 
                committees detailing the progress of the pilot program 
                authorized under this subsection, including--
                            (i) progress made toward the integration 
                        and co-financing of health systems 
                        strengthening activities by USAID and the 
                        Office of the Global AIDS Coordinator; and
                            (ii) the results of integrated efforts 
                        under this section, including for cross-cutting 
                        efforts to strengthen local health workforces.
    (d) Technical Capacity.--
            (1) In general.--The Administrator of USAID shall ensure 
        that USAID is sufficiently resourced and staffed to ensure 
        performance, consistency, and adoption of best practices in 
        USAID's health systems programs, including the pilot program 
        authorized under subsection (c).
            (2) Resources.--The Administrator of USAID and the United 
        States Global AIDS Coordinator shall include detail in the 
        fiscal year 2023 Congressional Budget Justification regarding 
        health systems strengthening activities, including--
                    (A) the plans for, and the progress toward, 
                reaching the capacity described in paragraph (1);
                    (B) the requirements for sustaining such capacity, 
                including the resources needed by USAID; and
                    (C) budget detail on the integration and joint 
                funding of health systems capacity building, as 
                appropriate.
    (e) International Efforts.--The Secretary of State, in coordination 
with the Administrator of USAID, should work with the Global Fund to 
Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis, and Malaria, Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance, 
bilateral donors, and other relevant multilateral and international 
organizations and stakeholders to develop--
            (1) shared core indicators for strengthened health systems;
            (2) agreements among donors that reporting requirements for 
        health systems come from country systems to reduce the burden 
        placed on partner countries;
            (3) structures for joint assessments, plans, auditing, and 
        consultations; and
            (4) a regularized approach to coordination on health 
        systems strengthening.
    (f) Public Private Partnerships to Improve Health Systems 
Strengthening.--The country strategies developed under subsection 
(c)(3) should include a section that--
            (1) discusses the role of the private sector (including 
        corporate, local, and international organizations with relevant 
        expertise); and
            (2) identifies relevant opportunities for the private 
        sector--
                    (A) to accelerate research and development of 
                innovative health and information technology, and to 
                offer training related to its use;
                    (B) to contribute to improvements in health 
                administration and management processes;
                    (C) to improve system efficiency;
                    (D) to develop training related to clinical 
                practice guidelines; and
                    (E) to help countries develop systems for 
                documenting outcomes and achievements related to 
                activities undertaken to strengthen the health sector.
    (g) Authorization for Use of Funds.--Amounts authorized to be 
appropriated or otherwise made available to carry out section 104 of 
the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2151b) may be made 
available to carry out this section.

SEC. 207. ADDITIONAL AUTHORITIES.

    (a) Foreign Assistance Act of 1961.--Chapter 1 of part I of the 
Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2151 et seq.) is amended--
            (1) in section 104(c)(1) (22 U.S.C. 2151b(c)(1)), by 
        inserting ``(emphasizing health systems strengthening, as 
        appropriate)'' after ``health services'';
            (2) in section 104A (22 U.S.C. 2151b-2)--
                    (A) in subsection (b)(3)(D), by striking 
                ``including health care systems, under other 
                international donor support'' and inserting ``including 
                through support for health systems strengthening, under 
                other donor support''; and
                    (B) in subsection (f)(3)(Q), by inserting ``the 
                Office of the United States Global AIDS Coordinator, 
                partner countries, and the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, 
                Tuberculosis, and Malaria to ensure that their actions 
                support the activities taken to strengthen the overall 
                health systems in recipient countries, and efforts by'' 
                after ``efforts by''; and
            (3) in section 104B(g)(2) (22 U.S.C. 2151b-3(g)(2)), by 
        inserting ``strengthening the health system of the country 
        and'' after ``contribute to''.
    (b) United States Leadership Against HIV/AIDS, Tuberculosis, and 
Malaria Act of 2003.--Section 204 of the United States Leadership 
Against HIV/AIDS, Tuberculosis, and Malaria Act of 2003 (22 U.S.C. 
7623) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a) --
                    (A) in paragraph (1)(A), by inserting ``in a manner 
                that is coordinated with, and contributes to, efforts 
                through other assistance activities being carried out 
                to strengthen national health systems and health 
                policies'' after ``systems''; and
                    (B) in paragraph (2)--
                            (i) in subparagraph (C), by inserting ``as 
                        part of a strategy to improve overall health'' 
                        before the semicolon at the end;
                            (ii) in subparagraph (D), by striking 
                        ``and'' at the end;
                            (iii) in subparagraph (E), by striking the 
                        period at the end and inserting ``; and''; and
                            (iv) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(F) to contribute to efforts that build health 
                systems capable of preventing, detecting and responding 
                to HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, malaria and other infectious 
                diseases with pandemic potential.''; and
            (2) in subsection (b), by striking ``receive funding to 
        carry out programs to combat HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, and 
        malaria'' and inserting ``more effectively budget for and 
        receive funding to carry out programs to strengthen health 
        systems such that countries are able to more effectively combat 
        HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, and malaria, to prevent, respond and 
        detect other diseases with pandemic potential,''.

SEC. 208. AUTHORIZATION FOR UNITED STATES PARTICIPATION IN THE 
              COALITION FOR EPIDEMIC PREPAREDNESS INNOVATIONS.

    (a) In General.--The United States is authorized to participate in 
the Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations (referred to in 
this section as ``CEPI'').
    (b) Investors Council and Board of Directors.--
            (1) Initial designation.--The President shall designate an 
        employee of the United States Agency for International 
        Development to serve on the Investors Council and, if 
        nominated, on the Board of Directors of CEPI, as a 
        representative of the United States during the period beginning 
        on the date of such designation and ending on September 30, 
        2022.
            (2) Ongoing designations.--The President may designate an 
        employee of the relevant Federal department or agency with 
        fiduciary responsibility for United States contributions to 
        CEPI to serve on the Investors Council and, if nominated, on 
        the Board of Directors of CEPI, as a representative of the 
        United States.
            (3) Qualifications.--Any employee designated pursuant to 
        paragraph (1) or (2) shall have demonstrated knowledge and 
        experience in the fields of development and public health, 
        epidemiology, or medicine, from the Federal department or 
        agency with primary fiduciary responsibility for United States 
        contributions pursuant to subsection (c).
    (c) Consultation.--Not later than 60 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the employee designated pursuant to subsection 
(b)(1) shall consult with the appropriate congressional committees 
regarding--
            (1) the manner and extent to which the United States plans 
        to participate in CEPI, including through the governance of 
        CEPI;
            (2) any planned financial contributions from the United 
        States to CEPI; and
            (3) how participation in CEPI is expected to support--
                    (A) the United States Global Health Security 
                Strategy required under this Act;
                    (B) the applicable revision of the National 
                Biodefense Strategy required under section 1086 of the 
                National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2017 
                (6 U.S.C. 104); and
                    (C) any other relevant programs relating to global 
                health security and biodefense.
    (d) United States Contributions.--
            (1) Sense of congress.--It is the sense of Congress that 
        the President, consistent with the provisions under section 
        10003(a)(1) of the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021, should 
        make an immediate contribution to CEPI in the amount of 
        $300,000,000, to expand research and development of vaccines to 
        combat the spread of COVID-19 variants.
            (2) Notification.--Not later than 15 days before a 
        contribution is made available pursuant to paragraph (1), the 
        President shall notify the appropriate congressional committees 
        of the details of the amount, purposes, and national interests 
        served by such contribution.

SEC. 209. NATIONAL INTELLIGENCE ESTIMATE AND BRIEFING REGARDING NOVEL 
              DISEASES AND PANDEMIC THREATS.

    (a) Defined Term.--In this section, the term ``appropriate 
committees of Congress'' means--
            (1) the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate;
            (2) the Select Committee on Intelligence of the Senate;
            (3) the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions 
        of the Senate;
            (4) the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of 
        Representatives;
            (5) the Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence of the 
        House of Representatives; and
            (6) the Committee on Energy and Commerce of the House of 
        Representatives.
    (b) National Intelligence Estimates.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
        the enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter for the 
        following 4 years, the National Intelligence Council shall 
        submit to the appropriate committees of Congress a National 
        Intelligence Estimate regarding the risks posed to the national 
        security interests of the United States by the emergence, 
        reemergence, and overseas transmission of pathogens with 
        pandemic potential.
            (2) Elements.--The National Intelligence Estimate submitted 
        pursuant to paragraph (1) shall--
                    (A) identify the countries or regions most 
                vulnerable to the emergence or reemergence of a 
                pathogen with pandemic potential, including the most 
                likely sources and pathways of such emergence or 
                reemergence, whether naturally occurring, accidental, 
                or deliberate;
                    (B) assess the likelihood that a pathogen described 
                in subparagraph (A) will spread to the United States, 
                the United States Armed Forces, diplomatic or 
                development personnel of the United States stationed 
                abroad, or citizens of the United States living abroad 
                in a manner that could lead to lead to an epidemic in 
                the United States or otherwise affect the national 
                security or economic prosperity of the United States;
                    (C) assess the preparedness of countries around the 
                world, particularly those identified pursuant to 
                subparagraph (A), to prevent, detect, and respond to 
                pandemic threats; and
                    (D) identify any scientific, capacity, or 
                governance gaps in the preparedness of countries 
                identified pursuant to subparagraph (A), including an 
                analysis of the capacity and performance of any country 
                or entity described in subparagraph (C) in complying 
                with biosecurity standards, as applicable.
    (c) Congressional Briefings.--The National Intelligence Council 
shall provide an annual briefing to the appropriate committees of 
Congress regarding--
            (1) the most recent National Intelligence Estimate 
        submitted pursuant to subsection (b)(1); and
            (2) the emergence or reemergence of pathogens with pandemic 
        potential that could lead to an epidemic described in 
        subsection (b)(2)(B).
    (d) Public Availability.--The Director of National Intelligence 
shall make publicly available an unclassified version of each National 
Intelligence Estimate submitted pursuant to subsection (b)(1).

SEC. 210. PANDEMIC EARLY WARNING NETWORK.

    (a) In General.--The Secretary of State, in coordination with the 
Administrator of the United States Agency for International 
Development, the Secretary of Health and Human Services, and the heads 
of the other relevant Federal departments and agencies, shall work with 
the World Health Organization and other key stakeholders to establish 
or strengthen effective early warning systems, at the partner country, 
regional, and international levels, that utilize innovative information 
and analytical tools and robust review processes to track, document, 
analyze, and forecast infectious disease threats with epidemic and 
pandemic potential.
    (b) Report.--Not later than 1 year after the date of the enactment 
of this Act, and annually thereafter for the following 4 years, the 
Secretary of State, in coordination with the Secretary of Health and 
Human Services and the heads of the other relevant Federal departments 
and agencies, shall submit a report to the appropriate congressional 
committees that describes United States Government efforts and 
opportunities to establish or strengthen effective early warning 
systems for infectious disease threats.

SEC. 211. INTERNATIONAL EMERGENCY OPERATIONS.

    (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that it is 
essential to enhance the capacity of key stakeholders to effectively 
operationalize early warning and execute multi-sectoral emergency 
operations during an infectious disease outbreak, particularly in 
countries and areas that deliberately withhold critical global health 
data and delay access during an infectious disease outbreak in advance 
of the next infectious disease outbreak with pandemic potential.
    (b) Public Health Emergencies of International Concern.--The 
Secretary of State, in coordination with the Secretary of Health and 
Human Services, should work with the World Health Organization and 
like-minded member states to adopt an approach toward assessing 
infectious disease threats under the International Health Regulations 
(2005) for the World Health Organization to identify and transparently 
communicate, on an ongoing basis, varying levels of risk leading up to 
a declaration by the Director General of the World Health Organization 
of a Public Health Emergency of International Concern for the duration 
and in the aftermath of such declaration.
    (c) Emergency Operations.--The Secretary of State, in coordination 
with the Administrator of USAID, the Director of the Centers for 
Disease Control and Prevention, and the heads of other relevant Federal 
departments and agencies, and consistent with the requirements under 
the International Health Regulations (2005) and the objectives of the 
World Health Organization's Health Emergencies Programme, the Global 
Health Security Agenda, and national actions plans for health security, 
shall work, in coordination with the World Health Organization, with 
partner countries and other key stakeholders to support the 
establishment, strengthening, and rapid response capacity of global 
health emergency operations centers, at the national and international 
levels, including efforts--
            (1) to collect and share data, assess risk, and 
        operationalize early warning;
            (2) to secure, including through utilization of stand-by 
        arrangements and emergency funding mechanisms, the staff, 
        systems, and resources necessary to execute cross-sectoral 
        emergency operations during the 48-hour period immediately 
        following an infectious disease outbreak with pandemic 
        potential; and
            (3) to organize and conduct emergency simulations.

TITLE III--FINANCING MECHANISM FOR GLOBAL HEALTH SECURITY AND PANDEMIC 
                      PREVENTION AND PREPAREDNESS

SEC. 301. ELIGIBLE PARTNER COUNTRY DEFINED.

    In this title, the term ``eligible partner country'' means a 
country in which the Fund for Global Health Security and Pandemic 
Prevention and Preparedness to be established under section 302 may 
finance global health security and pandemic prevention and preparedness 
assistance programs under this Act based on the country's 
demonstrated--
            (1) need, as identified through the Joint External 
        Evaluation process, the Global Health Security Index 
        classification of health systems, national action plans for 
        health security, the World Organization for Animal Health's 
        Performance of Veterinary Services evaluation, and other 
        complementary or successor indicators of global health security 
        and pandemic prevention and preparedness; and
            (2) commitment to transparency, including--
                    (A) budget and global health data transparency;
                    (B) complying with the International Health 
                Regulations (2005);
                    (C) investing in domestic health systems; and
                    (D) achieving measurable results.

SEC. 302. ESTABLISHMENT OF FUND FOR GLOBAL HEALTH SECURITY AND PANDEMIC 
              PREVENTION AND PREPAREDNESS.

    (a) Negotiations for Establishment of Fund for Global Health 
Security and Pandemic Prevention and Preparedness.--The Secretary of 
State, in coordination with the Secretary of the Treasury, the 
Administrator of the United States Agency for International 
Development, the Secretary of Health and Human Services, the Director 
of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the heads of 
other relevant Federal departments and agencies, as necessary and 
appropriate, should seek to enter into negotiations with donors, 
relevant United Nations agencies, including the World Health 
Organization, and other key multilateral stakeholders, to establish--
            (1) a multilateral, catalytic financing mechanism for 
        global health security and pandemic prevention and 
        preparedness, which may be known as the Fund for Global Health 
        Security and Pandemic Prevention and Preparedness (in this 
        title referred to as ``the Fund''), to address the need for and 
        secure durable financing in accordance with the provisions of 
        this section; and
            (2) an Advisory Board to the Fund in accordance with 
        section 305.
    (b) Purposes.--The purposes of the Fund should be--
            (1) to close critical gaps in global health security and 
        pandemic prevention and preparedness; and
            (2) to work with, and build the capacity of, eligible 
        partner countries in the areas of global health security, 
        infectious disease control, and pandemic prevention and 
        preparedness, in a manner that--
                    (A) prioritizes capacity building and financing 
                availability in eligible partner countries;
                    (B) incentivizes countries to prioritize the use of 
                domestic resources for global health security and 
                pandemic prevention and preparedness;
                    (C) leverages government, nongovernment, and 
                private sector investments;
                    (D) regularly responds to and evaluates progress 
                based on clear metrics and benchmarks, such as the 
                Joint External Evaluation and the Global Health 
                Security Index;
                    (E) aligns with and complements ongoing bilateral 
                and multilateral efforts and financing, including 
                through the World Bank, the World Health Organization, 
                the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis, and 
                Malaria, the Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness and 
                Innovation, and Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance; and
                    (F) helps countries accelerate and achieve 
                compliance with the International Health Regulations 
                (2005) and the fulfillment of the Global Health 
                Security Agenda 2024 Framework not later than 5 years 
                after the date on which the Fund is established, in 
                coordination with the ongoing Joint External Evaluation 
                national action planning process.
    (c) Executive Board.--
            (1) In general.--The Fund should be governed by a 
        transparent and accountable body (referred to in this title as 
        the ``Executive Board''), which should--
                    (A) function as a partnership with, and through 
                full engagement by, donor governments, eligible partner 
                countries, and independent civil society; and
                    (B) be composed of not more than 20 representatives 
                of governments, foundations, academic institutions, 
                independent civil society, indigenous people, 
                vulnerable communities, frontline health workers, and 
                the private sector with demonstrated commitment to 
                carrying out the purposes of the Fund and upholding 
                transparency and accountability requirements.
            (2) Duties.--The Executive Board should--
                    (A) be charged with approving strategies, 
                operations, and grant making authorities in order to 
                conduct effective fiduciary, monitoring, and evaluation 
                efforts, and other oversight functions;
                    (B) determine operational procedures such that the 
                Fund is able to effectively fulfill its mission;
                    (C) provide oversight and accountability for the 
                Fund in collaboration with the Inspector General to be 
                established pursuant to section 304(e)(1)(A);
                    (D) develop and utilize a mechanism to obtain 
                formal input from eligible partner countries, 
                independent civil society, and implementing entities 
                relative to program design, review, and implementation 
                and associated lessons learned; and
                    (E) coordinate and align with other multilateral 
                financing and technical assistance activities, and with 
                the United States and other nations leading outbreak 
                prevention, preparedness, and response activities in 
                partner countries, as appropriate.
            (3) Composition.--The Executive Board should include--
                    (A) representatives of the governments of founding 
                member countries who, in addition to the requirements 
                under paragraph (1), qualify based upon meeting an 
                established initial contribution threshold, which 
                should be not less than 10 percent of total initial 
                contributions, and a demonstrated commitment to 
                supporting the International Health Regulations (2005);
                    (B) a geographically diverse group of members who--
                            (i) come from donor countries, eligible 
                        partner countries, academic institutions, 
                        independent civil society, including indigenous 
                        organizations, and the private sector; and
                            (ii) are selected on the basis of their 
                        experience and commitment to innovation, best 
                        practices, and the advancement of global health 
                        security objectives;
                    (C) representatives of the World Health 
                Organization; and
                    (D) the chair of the Global Health Security 
                Steering Group.
            (4) Contributions.--Each government or private sector 
        entity represented on the Executive Board should agree to make 
        annual contributions to the Fund in an amount not less than the 
        minimum determined by the Executive Board.
            (5) Qualifications.--Individuals appointed to the Executive 
        Board should have demonstrated knowledge and experience across 
        a variety of sectors, including human and animal health, 
        agriculture, development, defense, finance, research, and 
        academia.
            (6) Conflicts of interest.--
                    (A) Technical experts.--The Executive Board may 
                include independent technical experts who are not 
                affiliated with, or employed by, a recipient country or 
                organization.
                    (B) Multilateral bodies and institutions.--
                Executive Board members appointed pursuant to paragraph 
                (3)(C) should be required to recuse themselves from 
                matters presenting conflicts of interest, including 
                financing decisions relating to such bodies and 
                institutions.
            (7) United states representation.--
                    (A) Founding member.--The Secretary of State should 
                seek--
                            (i) to establish the United States as a 
                        founding member of the Fund; and
                            (ii) to ensure that the United States is 
                        represented on the Executive Board by an 
                        officer or employee of the United States, who 
                        shall be appointed by the President.
                    (B) Effective and termination dates.--
                            (i) Effective date.--This paragraph shall 
                        take effect upon the date on which the 
                        Secretary of State certifies and submits to 
                        Congress an agreement establishing the Fund.
                            (ii) Termination date.--The membership 
                        established pursuant to subparagraph (A) shall 
                        terminate upon the date of termination of the 
                        Fund.
            (8) Removal procedures.--The Fund should establish 
        procedures for the removal of members of the Executive Board 
        who--
                    (A) engage in a consistent pattern of human rights 
                abuses;
                    (B) fail to uphold global health data transparency 
                requirements; or
                    (C) otherwise violate the established standards of 
                the Fund, including in relation to corruption.

SEC. 303. AUTHORITIES.

    (a) Program Objectives.--
            (1) In general.--In carrying out the purpose set forth in 
        section 302, the Fund, acting through the Executive Board, 
        should--
                    (A) develop grant making requirements to be 
                administered by an independent technical review panel 
                comprised of entities barred from applying for funding 
                or support;
                    (B) provide grants, including challenge grants, 
                technical assistance, concessional lending, catalytic 
                investment funds, and other innovative funding 
                mechanisms, in coordination with ongoing bilateral and 
                multilateral efforts, as appropriate--
                            (i) to help eligible partner countries 
                        close critical gaps in health security, as 
                        identified through the Joint External 
                        Evaluation process, the Global Health Security 
                        Index classification of health systems, and 
                        national action plans for health security and 
                        other complementary or successor indicators of 
                        global health security and pandemic prevention 
                        and preparedness; and
                            (ii) to support measures that enable such 
                        countries, at the national and subnational 
                        levels, and in partnership with civil society 
                        and the private sector, to strengthen and 
                        sustain resilient health systems and supply 
                        chains with the resources, capacity, and 
                        personnel required to prevent, detect, 
                        mitigate, and respond to infectious disease 
                        threats, including zoonotic spillover, before 
                        they become pandemics;
                    (C) leverage the expertise, capabilities, and 
                resources of proven, existing agencies and 
                organizations to effectively target and manage 
                resources for impact, including through alignment with, 
                and co-financing of, complementary programs, as 
                appropriate and consistent with paragraph (3); and
                    (D) develop recommendations for a mechanism for 
                assisting countries that are at high risk for zoonotic 
                spillover events with pandemic potential to participate 
                in the Global Health Security Agenda and the Joint 
                External Evaluations.
            (2) Activities supported.--The activities to be supported 
        by the Fund should include efforts--
                    (A) to enable eligible partner countries to 
                formulate and implement national health security and 
                pandemic prevention and preparedness action plans, 
                advance action packages under the Global Health 
                Security Agenda, and adopt and uphold commitments under 
                the International Health Regulations (2005) and other 
                related international health agreements and 
                arrangements, as appropriate;
                    (B) to support health security budget planning in 
                eligible partner countries, including training in 
                public financial management, budget and health data 
                transparency, human resource information systems, and 
                integrated and transparent budget and health data;
                    (C) to strengthen the health workforce, including 
                hiring, training, and deploying experts and other 
                essential staff, including community health workers, to 
                improve frontline prevention of, and monitoring and 
                preparedness for, unknown, new, emerging, or reemerging 
                pathogens, epidemics, and pandemic threats, including 
                capacity to surge and manage additional staff during 
                emergencies;
                    (D) to improve the quality of community health 
                worker programs as the foundation of pandemic 
                preparedness and response through application of 
                appropriate assessment tools;
                    (E) to improve infection prevention and control, 
                the protection of healthcare workers, including 
                community health workers, and access to water and 
                sanitation within healthcare settings;
                    (F) to combat the threat of antimicrobial 
                resistance;
                    (G) to strengthen laboratory capacity and promote 
                biosafety and biosecurity through the provision of 
                material and technical assistance;
                    (H) to reduce the risk of bioterrorism, zoonotic 
                disease spillover (whether through loss of natural 
                habitat, the commercial trade in wildlife for human 
                consumption, or other means), and accidental biological 
                release;
                    (I) to build technical capacity to manage health 
                supply chains for commodities, equipment, and supplies, 
                including for personal protective equipment, testing 
                reagents, and other lifesaving supplies, through 
                effective forecasting, procurement, warehousing, and 
                delivery from central warehouses to points of service 
                in both the public and private sectors;
                    (J) to enable bilateral, regional, and 
                international partnerships and cooperation, including 
                through pandemic early warning systems and emergency 
                operations centers, to identify and address 
                transnational infectious disease threats exacerbated by 
                natural and man-made disasters, human displacement, and 
                zoonotic infection;
                    (K) to establish partnerships for the sharing of 
                best practices and enabling eligible countries to meet 
                targets and indicators under the Joint External 
                Evaluation process, the Global Health Security Index 
                classification of health systems, and national action 
                plans for health security relating to the prevention, 
                detection, and treatment of neglected tropical 
                diseases;
                    (L) to build the capacity of eligible partner 
                countries to prepare for and respond to second order 
                development impacts of infectious disease outbreaks and 
                maintain essential health services, while accounting 
                for the differentiated needs and vulnerabilities of 
                marginalized populations, including women and girls;
                    (M) to develop and utilize metrics to monitor and 
                evaluate programmatic performance and identify best 
                practices, including in accordance with Joint External 
                Evaluation benchmarks, Global Health Security Agenda 
                targets, and Global Health Security Index indicators;
                    (N) to develop and deploy mechanisms to enhance and 
                independently monitor the transparency and 
                accountability of global health security and pandemic 
                prevention and preparedness programs and data, in 
                compliance with the International Health Regulations 
                (2005), including through the sharing of trends, risks, 
                and lessons learned;
                    (O) to promote broad participation in health 
                emergency planning and advisory bodies, including by 
                women and frontline health workers;
                    (P) to develop and implement simulation exercises, 
                produce and release after action reports, and address 
                related gaps;
                    (Q) to support countries in conducting Joint 
                External Evaluations;
                    (R) to improve disease surveillance capacity in 
                partner counties, including at the community level, 
                such that those countries are better able to detect and 
                respond to known and unknown pathogens and zoonotic 
                infectious diseases; and
                    (S) to support governments through coordinated and 
                prioritized assistance efforts to prevent zoonotic 
                spillover caused by deforestation, commercial trade in 
                wildlife for human consumption, climate-related events, 
                and unsafe interactions between wildlife, livestock, 
                and people to reduce the emergence, reemergence, and 
                spread of zooneses.
            (3) Implementation of program objectives.--In carrying out 
        the objectives under paragraph (1), the Fund should work to 
        eliminate duplication and waste by upholding strict 
        transparency and accountability standards and coordinating its 
        programs and activities with key partners working to advance 
        global health security and pandemic prevention and 
        preparedness, including--
                    (A) governments, independent civil society, 
                nongovernmental organizations, research and academic 
                institutions, and private sector entities in eligible 
                partner countries;
                    (B) the pandemic early warning systems and 
                international emergency operations centers to be 
                established under sections 210 and 211;
                    (C) the World Health Organization;
                    (D) the Global Health Security Agenda;
                    (E) the Global Health Security Initiative;
                    (F) the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis, 
                and Malaria;
                    (G) the United Nations Office for the Coordination 
                of Humanitarian Affairs, UNICEF, and other relevant 
                funds, programs, and specialized agencies of the United 
                Nations;
                    (H) Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance;
                    (I) the Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness 
                Innovations (CEPI);
                    (J) The World Organisation for Animal Health;
                    (K) The United Nations Environment Programme;
                    (L) Food and Agriculture Organization; and
                    (M) the Global Polio Eradication Initiative.
    (b) Priority.--In providing assistance under this section, the Fund 
should give priority to low-and lower middle income countries with--
            (1) low scores on the Global Health Security Index 
        classification of health systems;
            (2) measurable gaps in global health security and pandemic 
        prevention and preparedness identified under Joint External 
        Evaluations and national action plans for health security;
            (3) demonstrated political and financial commitment to 
        pandemic prevention and preparedness; and
            (4) demonstrated commitment to upholding global health 
        budget and data transparency and accountability standards, 
        complying with the International Health Regulations (2005), 
        investing in domestic health systems, and achieving measurable 
        results.
    (c) Eligible Grant Recipients.--Governments and nongovernmental 
organizations should be eligible to receive grants as described in this 
section.

SEC. 304. ADMINISTRATION.

    (a) Appointments.--The Executive Board should appoint--
            (1) an Administrator, who should be responsible for 
        managing the day-to-day operations of the Fund; and
            (2) an independent Inspector General, who should be 
        responsible for monitoring grants implementation and 
        proactively safeguarding against conflicts of interests.
    (b) Authority to Accept and Solicit Contributions.--The Fund should 
be authorized to solicit and accept contributions from governments, the 
private sector, foundations, individuals, and nongovernmental entities.
    (c) Accountability; Conflicts of Interest; Criteria for Programs.--
As part of the negotiations described in section 302(a), the Secretary 
of the State, consistent with subsection (d), should--
            (1) take such actions as are necessary to ensure that the 
        Fund will have in effect adequate procedures and standards to 
        account for and monitor the use of funds contributed to the 
        Fund, including the cost of administering the Fund;
            (2) ensure there is agreement to put in place a conflict of 
        interest policy to ensure fairness and a high standard of 
        ethical conduct in the Fund's decision-making processes, 
        including proactive procedures to screen staff for conflicts of 
        interest and measures to address any conflicts, such as 
        potential divestments of interests, prohibition from engaging 
        in certain activities, recusal from certain decision-making and 
        administrative processes, and representation by an alternate 
        board member; and
            (3) seek agreement on the criteria that should be used to 
        determine the programs and activities that should be assisted 
        by the Fund.
    (d) Selection of Partner Countries, Projects, and Recipients.--The 
Executive Board should establish--
            (1) eligible partner country selection criteria, to include 
        transparent metrics to measure and assess global health 
        security and pandemic prevention and preparedness strengths and 
        vulnerabilities in countries seeking assistance;
            (2) minimum standards for ensuring eligible partner country 
        ownership and commitment to long-term results, including 
        requirements for domestic budgeting, resource mobilization, and 
        co-investment;
            (3) criteria for the selection of projects to receive 
        support from the Fund;
            (4) standards and criteria regarding qualifications of 
        recipients of such support;
            (5) such rules and procedures as may be necessary for cost-
        effective management of the Fund; and
            (6) such rules and procedures as may be necessary to ensure 
        transparency and accountability in the grant-making process.
    (e) Additional Transparency and Accountability Requirements.--
            (1) Inspector general.--
                    (A) In general.--The Secretary of State shall seek 
                to ensure that the Inspector General appointed pursuant 
                to subsection (a)--
                            (i) is fully enabled to operate 
                        independently and transparently;
                            (ii) is supported by and with the requisite 
                        resources and capacity to regularly conduct and 
                        publish, on a publicly accessible website, 
                        rigorous financial, programmatic, and reporting 
                        audits and investigations of the Fund and its 
                        grantees; and
                            (iii) establishes an investigative unit 
                        that--
                                    (I) develops an oversight mechanism 
                                to ensure that grant funds are not 
                                diverted to illicit or corrupt purposes 
                                or activities; and
                                    (II) submits an annual report to 
                                the Executive Board describing its 
                                activities, investigations, and 
                                results.
                    (B) Sense of congress on corruption.--It is the 
                sense of Congress that--
                            (i) corruption within global health 
                        programs contribute directly to the loss of 
                        human life and cannot be tolerated; and
                            (ii) in making financial recoveries 
                        relating to a corrupt act or criminal conduct 
                        under a grant, as determined by the Inspector 
                        General, the responsible grant recipient should 
                        be assessed at a recovery rate of up to 150 
                        percent of such loss.
            (2) Administrative expenses.--The Secretary of State shall 
        seek to ensure the Fund establishes, maintains, and makes 
        publicly available a system to track the administrative and 
        management costs of the Fund on a quarterly basis.
            (3) Financial tracking systems.--The Secretary of State 
        shall ensure that the Fund establishes, maintains, and makes 
        publicly available a system to track the amount of funds 
        disbursed to each grant recipient and sub-recipient during a 
        grant's fiscal cycle.
            (4) Exemption from duties and taxes.--The Secretary should 
        ensure that the Fund adopts rules that condition grants upon 
        agreement by the relevant national authorities in an eligible 
        partner country to exempt from duties and taxes all products 
        financed by such grants, including procurements by any 
        principal or sub-recipient for the purpose of carrying out such 
        grants.

SEC. 305. ADVISORY BOARD.

    (a) In General.--There should be an Advisory Board to the Fund.
    (b) Appointments.--The members of the Advisory Board should be 
composed of--
            (1) a geographically diverse group of individuals that 
        includes representation from low- and middle-income countries;
            (2) individuals with experience and leadership in the 
        fields of development, global health, epidemiology, medicine, 
        biomedical research, and social sciences; and
            (3) representatives of relevant United Nations agencies, 
        including the World Health Organization, and nongovernmental 
        organizations with on-the ground experience in implementing 
        global health programs in low and lower-middle income 
        countries.
    (c) Responsibilities.--The Advisory Board should provide advice and 
guidance to the Executive Board of the Fund on the development and 
implementation of programs and projects to be assisted by the Fund and 
on leveraging donations to the Fund.
    (d) Prohibition on Payment of Compensation.--
            (1) In general.--Except for travel expenses (including per 
        diem in lieu of subsistence), no member of the Advisory Board 
        should receive compensation for services performed as a member 
        of the Board.
            (2) United states representative.--Notwithstanding any 
        other provision of law (including an international agreement), 
        a representative of the United States on the Advisory Board may 
        not accept compensation for services performed as a member of 
        the Board, except that such representative may accept travel 
        expenses, including per diem in lieu of subsistence, while away 
        from the representative's home or regular place of business in 
        the performance of services for the Board.
    (e) Conflicts of Interest.--Members of the Advisory Board should be 
required to disclose any potential conflicts of interest prior to 
serving on the Advisory Board and, in the event of any conflicts of 
interest, recuse themselves from such matters during their service on 
the Advisory Board.

SEC. 306. REPORTS TO CONGRESS.

    (a) Status Report.--Not later than 180 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State, in coordination with the 
Administrator of the United States Agency for International 
Development, and the heads of other relevant Federal departments and 
agencies, shall submit a report to the appropriate congressional 
committees that describes the progress of international negotiations to 
establish the Fund.
    (b) Annual Report.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
        the establishment of the Fund, and annually thereafter for the 
        duration of the Fund, the Secretary of State, shall submit a 
        report to the appropriate congressional committees regarding 
        the administration of the Fund.
            (2) Report elements.--The report required under paragraph 
        (1) shall describe--
                    (A) the goals of the Fund;
                    (B) the programs, projects, and activities 
                supported by the Fund;
                    (C) private and governmental contributions to the 
                Fund; and
                    (D) the criteria utilized to determine the programs 
                and activities that should be assisted by the Fund, 
                including baselines, targets, desired outcomes, 
                measurable goals, and extent to which those goals are 
                being achieved.
    (c) GAO Report on Effectiveness.--Not later than 2 years after the 
date on which the Fund is established, the Comptroller General of the 
United States shall submit a report to the appropriate congressional 
committees that evaluates the effectiveness of the Fund, including the 
effectiveness of the programs, projects, and activities supported by 
the Fund, as described in section 303(a).

SEC. 307. UNITED STATES CONTRIBUTIONS.

    (a) In General.--Subject to submission of the certification under 
this section, the President is authorized to make available for United 
States contributions to the Fund such funds as may be appropriated or 
otherwise made available for such purpose.
    (b) Notification.--The Secretary of State shall notify the 
appropriate congressional committees not later than 15 days in advance 
of making a contribution to the Fund, including--
            (1) the amount of the proposed contribution;
            (2) the total of funds contributed by other donors; and
            (3) the national interests served by United States 
        participation in the Fund.
    (c) Limitation.--During the 5-year period beginning on the date of 
the enactment of this Act, a United States contribution to the Fund may 
not cause the cumulative total of United States contributions to the 
Fund to exceed 33 percent of the total contributions to the Fund from 
all sources.
    (d) Withholdings.--
            (1) Support for acts of international terrorism.--If the 
        Secretary of State determines that the Fund has provided 
        assistance to a country, the government of which the Secretary 
        of State has determined, for purposes of section 620A of the 
        Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2371) has repeatedly 
        provided support for acts of international terrorism, the 
        United States shall withhold from its contribution to the Fund 
        for the next fiscal year an amount equal to the amount expended 
        by the Fund to the government of such country.
            (2) Excessive salaries.--During the 5-year period beginning 
        on the date of the enactment of this Act,, if the Secretary of 
        State determines that the salary of any individual employed by 
        the Fund exceeds the salary of the Vice President of the United 
        States for such fiscal year, the United States should withhold 
        from its contribution for the next fiscal year an amount equal 
        to the aggregate amount by which the salary of each such 
        individual exceeds the salary of the Vice President of the 
        United States.
            (3) Accountability certification requirement.--The 
        Secretary of State may withhold not more than 20 percent of 
        planned United States contributions to the Fund until the 
        Secretary certifies to the appropriate congressional committees 
        that the Fund has established procedures to provide access by 
        the Office of Inspector General of the Department of State, as 
        cognizant Inspector General, the Inspector General of the 
        Department of Health and Human Services, the Inspector General 
        of the United States Agency for International Development, and 
        the Comptroller General of the United States to the Fund's 
        financial data and other information relevant to United States 
        contributions to the Fund (as determined by the Inspector 
        General of the Department of State, in consultation with the 
        Secretary of State).

SEC. 308. COMPLIANCE WITH THE FOREIGN AID TRANSPARENCY AND 
              ACCOUNTABILITY ACT OF 2016.

    Section 2(3) of the Foreign Aid Transparency and Accountability Act 
of 2016 (Public Law 114-191; 22 U.S.C. 2394c note) is amended--
            (1) in subparagraph (D), by striking ``and'' at the end;
            (2) in subparagraph (E), by striking the period at the end 
        and inserting ``; and''; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(F) the International Pandemic Preparedness and 
                COVID-19 Response Act of 2021.''.

SEC. 309. PROHIBITION AGAINST UNITED STATES FOREIGN ASSISTANCE FOR THE 
              GOVERNMENT OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA.

    None of the assistance authorized to be appropriated under this Act 
may be made available to the Government of the People's Republic of 
China or to any entity owned or controlled by the Government of the 
People's Republic of China.
                                                       Calendar No. 112

117th CONGRESS

  1st Session

                                S. 2297

_______________________________________________________________________
International Pandemic Preparedness and COVID-19 Response Act of 2021
A bill to improve global health, and for other purposes.
International Pandemic Preparedness and COVID-19 Response Act of 2021
International Pandemic Preparedness and COVID–19 Response Act of 2021
Sen. Risch, James E.