Livonian Crusade
The Livonian Crusade refers to the German and Danish conquest of medieval Livonia, the territory constituting modern Latvia and Estonia, during the Northern Crusades. The lands on the eastern shores of the Baltic Sea were the last corners of Europe to be Christianized.
On 2 February 1207, in the territories conquered, an ecclesiastical state called Terra Mariana was established as a principality of the Holy Roman Empire, and proclaimed by Pope Innocent III in 1215 as a subject of the Holy See.
After the success of the crusade, the German- and Danish-occupied territory was divided into six feudal principalities by William of Modena.
War against Livs and Latgalians (1198–1209)
Christianity had come to Latvia with the Swedes in the 9th century and the Danes in the 11th. By the time German traders began to arrive in the second half of the 12th century to trade along the ancient Daugava-Dnieper route to Byzantium, many Latvians had already been baptized. Meinhard of Segeberg arrived in Livland (as it was named in German) in 1184 with the mission of converting the pagan Livonians, and was consecrated as its bishop in 1186.
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia -	https://wn.com/Livonian_Crusade
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