Riforme del mercato dei prodotti e crescita della produttività. Teoria ed evidenza empirica
Autori/Curatori: Elena Podrecca
Questo saggio presenta una rassegna critica della letteratura teorica ed empirica sulle relazioni tra riforme del mercato dei prodotti e crescita della produttività. Come insegnano la teoria e l'evidenza empirica sulla crescita, le determinanti principali della dinamica della produttività nel lungo periodo per i Paesi sviluppati sono la ricerca, il capitale umano, l'innovazione, la diffusione di nuove tecnologie. La teoria economica suggerisce che le riforme che incidono sul grado di concorrenza del mercato dei prodotti possono certamente influenzare tali fattori della crescita, ma che la direzione degli effetti è incerta. L'evidenza empirica non dirime tale incertezza: né la letteratura su dati microeconomici né quella su dati macroeconomici forniscono risultati conclusivi. Perorare la causa delle riforme del mercato dei prodotti adducendo i loro presunti effetti positivi sulla dinamica della produttività appare pertanto ingiustificato, non solo sulla base della teoria ma anche dell'evidenza empirica.
Keywords: Riforme, crescita, concorrenza, produttività
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Elena Podrecca, in "ECONOMIA E SOCIETÀ REGIONALE " 2/2013, pp. 10-41, DOI:10.3280/ES2013-002002