Process of Science
by Anthony Carpi, Ph.D., Anne E. Egger, Ph.D.
Scientific ethics are commonly described as covering which of the following two categories?
a.Standards for individuals, and standards for the entire research community.
b.Research ethics, and medical ethics.
c.Standards of methods and process, and standards of topics.
d.Standards of data collection, and standards of publishing.
The research papers published by Jan Hendrik Schön were eventually retracted because he had been found to have
a.inappropriately profited from his research.
b.fabricated much of his data.
c.submitted his work to the wrong journal.
d.conducted additional research that made him question his original findings.
The Nuremberg Code
a.was developed in response to war crimes by Nazi scientists.
b.requires that individuals willingly consent to any research conducted on them.
c.requires that scientists avoid intentionally inflicting harm.
d.All of the other choices are correct.
Unlike misconduct, mistakes never get discovered in science.
a.true
b.false
The majority of scientists behave ethically.
Reporting sources of funding of scientific research is important because
a.of the potential bias that funding sources may exert on research reports.
b.it allows other scientists to fairly compete for funding from those same sources.
c.it reveals whether or not the research is for profit.
d.it reveals whether or not the scientists are paid or are volunteers.
Federal law in the United States requires that institutions that receive funding from the government maintain a(n) _________ to review all research involving human subjects before it is initiated.
a.Human Subject Council
b.Research Advisory Board
c.Institutional Review Board
d.Safety in Research Office
In addition to assuring the safety of human subjects, scientific ethics help assure
a.that all scientists report their findings to the federal government.
b.that mistakes are never made in science.
c.that scientific laboratories are safe workplaces.
d.the reliability of scientific research results.
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