Inquiry & Investigation
When Chinese Masks Meet Phylogenetics
Claudia A. M. Russo, Bárbara Aguiar, Carolina M. Voloch, Alexandre P. Selvatti
The American Biology Teacher, Vol. 78 No. 3, March 2016; (pp. 241-247) DOI: 10.1525/abt.2016.78.3.241
Claudia A. M. Russo
CLAUDIA A. M. RUSSO (claudia@biologia.ufrj.br), BÁRBARA AGUIAR, CAROLINA M. VOLOCH, and ALEXANDRE P. SELVATTI are in the Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, CCS, Instituto de Biologia, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373 – Sala A2-97 – Bloco A, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, CEP 21941-902, Brazil.
For correspondence: claudia@biologia.ufrj.br
Bárbara Aguiar
Carolina M. Voloch
Alexandre P. Selvatti
Phylogenetics has a central role in the biological sciences. We suggest a hands-on exercise to demonstrate the task of character coding and its importance in phylogenetic systematics. This exercise is appropriate for undergraduate students in life sciences and related courses. The teacher must provide a single group of masks in which color patterns, textures, and formats provide the characters to fill the data matrix. (The masks could be replaced by a set of other complex objects.) In this case, because there is no actual phylogeny, students will not be concerned with recovering the correct topology. Character coding is the aim of the exercise. After the character matrix is completed, a phylogenetic tree is drawn and the students interpret the evolution of a single character, starting from the common ancestor, based on the topological pattern of the tree and on the data matrix. In sequence, the students name and provide a full diagnosis for the group of masks as revealed by the topological pattern. The comparison between group results is also educational: there will be some common patterns between trees, but others will differ as in biological systematics.
hands-on exercise
phylogenetic systematics
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Vol. 78 No. 3, March 2016
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