Chemotaxis in Bacillus subtilis: How bacteria monitor environmental signals
Liam F. Garrity, George W Ordal
Virtually all organisms have means of monitoring their environment and making use of information gained to aid their survival. Many organisms, from bacteria to animals, move from place to place and can alter their movements. Chemotaxis is a signal transduction system found in motile bacteria that allows them to sense changes in the concentrations of various extracellular compounds and change their swimming behavior in a way that moves them toward more favorable environments. Chemotaxis is the most ancient sensory-motor process in nature. For years, studies of enteric bacteria, such as Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium, have served as the paradigm for understanding this process on a molecular level. Recent studies on the gram-positive bacterium, Bacillus subtilis, and other bacteria, suggest that a slightly more complex system may be ancestral to that of the more extensively studied enterics. Aspects of chemotaxis that are unique to B. subtilis include a more complex adaptation system, with protein-protein methyl group transfer, chemotaxis proteins having no counterparts in E. coli, and a very extensive repertoire of repellents that are sensed at very low concentrations by receptors.
flagella
motility
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Bacillus subtilis Medicine & Life Sciences
Chemotaxis Medicine & Life Sciences
Escherichia coli Medicine & Life Sciences
Salmonella typhimurium Medicine & Life Sciences
Gram-Positive Bacteria Medicine & Life Sciences
Swimming Medicine & Life Sciences
Garrity, L. F., & Ordal, G. W. (1995). Chemotaxis in Bacillus subtilis: How bacteria monitor environmental signals. Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 68(1), 87-104. https://doi.org/10.1016/0163-7258(95)00027-5
Chemotaxis in Bacillus subtilis : How bacteria monitor environmental signals. / Garrity, Liam F.; Ordal, George W.
In: Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Vol. 68, No. 1, 1995, p. 87-104.
Garrity, LF & Ordal, GW 1995, 'Chemotaxis in Bacillus subtilis: How bacteria monitor environmental signals', Pharmacology and Therapeutics, vol. 68, no. 1, pp. 87-104. https://doi.org/10.1016/0163-7258(95)00027-5
Garrity LF, Ordal GW. Chemotaxis in Bacillus subtilis: How bacteria monitor environmental signals. Pharmacology and Therapeutics. 1995;68(1):87-104. https://doi.org/10.1016/0163-7258(95)00027-5
Garrity, Liam F. ; Ordal, George W. / Chemotaxis in Bacillus subtilis : How bacteria monitor environmental signals. In: Pharmacology and Therapeutics. 1995 ; Vol. 68, No. 1. pp. 87-104.
@article{86e108d8c89d4de0866f3e6dca573daf,
title = "Chemotaxis in Bacillus subtilis: How bacteria monitor environmental signals",
abstract = "Virtually all organisms have means of monitoring their environment and making use of information gained to aid their survival. Many organisms, from bacteria to animals, move from place to place and can alter their movements. Chemotaxis is a signal transduction system found in motile bacteria that allows them to sense changes in the concentrations of various extracellular compounds and change their swimming behavior in a way that moves them toward more favorable environments. Chemotaxis is the most ancient sensory-motor process in nature. For years, studies of enteric bacteria, such as Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium, have served as the paradigm for understanding this process on a molecular level. Recent studies on the gram-positive bacterium, Bacillus subtilis, and other bacteria, suggest that a slightly more complex system may be ancestral to that of the more extensively studied enterics. Aspects of chemotaxis that are unique to B. subtilis include a more complex adaptation system, with protein-protein methyl group transfer, chemotaxis proteins having no counterparts in E. coli, and a very extensive repertoire of repellents that are sensed at very low concentrations by receptors.",
keywords = "Signal transduction, flagella, methylation, motility, phosphorylation",
author = "Garrity, {Liam F.} and Ordal, {George W}",
journal = "Pharmacology and Therapeutics",
T1 - Chemotaxis in Bacillus subtilis
T2 - How bacteria monitor environmental signals
AU - Garrity, Liam F.
AU - Ordal, George W
N2 - Virtually all organisms have means of monitoring their environment and making use of information gained to aid their survival. Many organisms, from bacteria to animals, move from place to place and can alter their movements. Chemotaxis is a signal transduction system found in motile bacteria that allows them to sense changes in the concentrations of various extracellular compounds and change their swimming behavior in a way that moves them toward more favorable environments. Chemotaxis is the most ancient sensory-motor process in nature. For years, studies of enteric bacteria, such as Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium, have served as the paradigm for understanding this process on a molecular level. Recent studies on the gram-positive bacterium, Bacillus subtilis, and other bacteria, suggest that a slightly more complex system may be ancestral to that of the more extensively studied enterics. Aspects of chemotaxis that are unique to B. subtilis include a more complex adaptation system, with protein-protein methyl group transfer, chemotaxis proteins having no counterparts in E. coli, and a very extensive repertoire of repellents that are sensed at very low concentrations by receptors.
AB - Virtually all organisms have means of monitoring their environment and making use of information gained to aid their survival. Many organisms, from bacteria to animals, move from place to place and can alter their movements. Chemotaxis is a signal transduction system found in motile bacteria that allows them to sense changes in the concentrations of various extracellular compounds and change their swimming behavior in a way that moves them toward more favorable environments. Chemotaxis is the most ancient sensory-motor process in nature. For years, studies of enteric bacteria, such as Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium, have served as the paradigm for understanding this process on a molecular level. Recent studies on the gram-positive bacterium, Bacillus subtilis, and other bacteria, suggest that a slightly more complex system may be ancestral to that of the more extensively studied enterics. Aspects of chemotaxis that are unique to B. subtilis include a more complex adaptation system, with protein-protein methyl group transfer, chemotaxis proteins having no counterparts in E. coli, and a very extensive repertoire of repellents that are sensed at very low concentrations by receptors.
KW - Signal transduction
KW - flagella
KW - methylation
KW - motility
KW - phosphorylation
JO - Pharmacology and Therapeutics
JF - Pharmacology and Therapeutics