Cleaning up Cyclone Pam's destruction in Vanuatu
Kalani Gordon 0 Comment The Baltimore Sun cyclone, Cyclone Pam, New Zealand, Vanuatu
WELLINGTON, New Zealand (AP) — Officials struggled Sunday to determine the scale of the devastation wrought by a monstrous cyclone that tore through the tiny South Pacific archipelago of Vanuatu, with death counts varying in the single digits but expected to rise once communications are restored with outlying islands.
This handout photo taken and received on March 15, 2015 by CARE Australia shows an aerial photo of damage caused by Cyclone Pam on the outskirts of the Vanuatu capital of Port Vila. Cyclone-devastated Vanuatu declared a state of emergency on March 15 as relief agencies scrambled to get help to the remote Pacific nation amid reports entire villages were "blown away" when the monster storm swept through. (Tom Perry/Care/AFP/Getty Images)
This handout photo taken and received on March 15, 2015 by UNICEF Pacific shows damage to a bridge, caused by Cyclone Pam, near the Vanuatu capital of Port Vila. Cyclone-devastated Vanuatu declared a state of emergency on March 15 as relief agencies scrambled to get help to the remote Pacific nation amid reports entire villages were "blown away" when the monster storm swept through. (UNICEF Pacific/AFP/Getty Images)
This handout photo taken on March 14, 2015 and released to AFP on March 15 by Australian Red Cross shows people clearing up debris and dealing with the damage to their homes and property in Seaside, near the Vanuatu capital of Port Vila. Vanuatu's president made an emotional appeal for international assistance after his island nation was hit by a calamity of a cyclone, wreaking devastation in what is feared to be one of the region's worst weather disasters. Vanuatu declared a state of emergency on March 15, saying six people were confirmed dead as a result of the monster storm with the toll expected to rise. (Chris McCowage/Australian Red Cross/AFP/Getty Images)
This handout photo taken on March 14, 2015 and released to AFP on March 15 by Australian Red Cross shows people clearing up debris and dealing with the damage to their homes in Seaside, near the Vanuatu capital of Port Vila. Vanuatu's president made an emotional appeal for international assistance after his island nation was hit by a calamity of a cyclone, wreaking devastation in what is feared to be one of the region's worst weather disasters. Vanuatu declared a state of emergency on March 15, saying six people were confirmed dead as a result of the monster storm with the toll expected to rise. (Chris McCowage/Australian Red Cross/AFP/Getty Images)
This handout photo taken on March 14, 2015 and released to AFP on March 15 by Australian Red Cross shows children standing next to debris as residents deal with the damage to their homes in Seaside, near the Vanuatu capital of Port Vila. Vanuatu's president made an emotional appeal for international assistance after his island nation was hit by a calamity of a cyclone, wreaking devastation in what is feared to be one of the region's worst weather disasters. Vanuatu declared a state of emergency on March 15, saying six people were confirmed dead as a result of the monster storm with the toll expected to rise. (Chris McCowage/Australian Red Cross/AFP/Getty Images)
This handout photo taken on March 14, 2015 and released to AFP on March 15 by Australian Red Cross shows children among debris while residents deal with the damage to their homes in Seaside, near the Vanuatu capital of Port Vila. Vanuatu's president made an emotional appeal for international assistance after his island nation was hit by a calamity of a cyclone, wreaking devastation in what is feared to be one of the region's worst weather disasters. Vanuatu declared a state of emergency on March 15, saying six people were confirmed dead as a result of the monster storm with the toll expected to rise. (Chris McCowage/Australian Red Cross/AFP/Getty Images)
This handout photo taken on March 14, 2015 and released to AFP on March 15 by World Vision shows damage and debris, caused by Cyclone Pam, in the Vanuatu capital of Port Vila. Vanuatu's president made an emotional appeal for international assistance after his island nation was hit by a calamity of a cyclone, wreaking devastation in what is feared to be one of the region's worst weather disasters. Vanuatu declared a state of emergency on March 15, saying six people were confirmed dead as a result of the monster storm with the toll expected to rise. (World Vision/AFP/Getty Images)
This handout photo taken on March 14, 2015 and released to AFP on March 15 by World Vision shows flattened structures and debris, caused by Cyclone Pam, in the Vanuatu capital of Port Vila. Vanuatu's president made an emotional appeal for international assistance after his island nation was hit by a calamity of a cyclone, wreaking devastation in what is feared to be one of the region's worst weather disasters. Vanuatu declared a state of emergency on March 15, saying six people were confirmed dead as a result of the monster storm with the toll expected to rise. (World Vision/AFP/Getty Images)
This handout photo taken on March 14, 2015 and released to AFP on March 15 by World Vision shows damage and scattered debris, caused by Cyclone Pam, in the Vanuatu capital of Port Vila. Vanuatu's president made an emotional appeal for international assistance after his island nation was hit by a calamity of a cyclone, wreaking devastation in what is feared to be one of the region's worst weather disasters. Vanuatu declared a state of emergency on March 15, saying six people were confirmed dead as a result of the monster storm with the toll expected to rise. (World Vision/AFP/Getty Images)
A man walks near the sea on March 14, 2015 in the Anse Vata, south of Noumea, New Caledonia. Rain and wind were observed in the island but the Tropical Cyclone Pam had little effect on Noumea. The maximum category five cyclone hit Vanuatu island, 500 km east of New Caledonia, late on March 13 and early indications suggest widespread damage, including in the capital in Port Vila, with fears dozens of people could have died across the country. (Fred Payet/AFP/Getty Images)
A man looks at the sea on March 14, 2015 in the Anse Vata, south of Noumea, New Caledonia. Rain and wind were observed in the island but the Tropical Cyclone Pam had little effect on Noumea. The maximum category five cyclone hit Vanuatu island, 500 km east of New Caledonia, late on March 13 and early indications suggest widespread damage, including in the capital in Port Vila, with fears dozens of people could have died across the country. (Fred Payet/AFP/Getty Images)
This handout photo taken and received on March 14, 2015 by UNICEF Pacific shows scattered debris along the street, caused by Cyclone Pam, in the Vanuatu capital of Port Vila. The huge tropical cyclone smashed into Vanuatu in the South Pacific, terrifying residents and leaving "complete devastation" with fears on March 14 that dozens of people may have died. (UNICEF Pacific/AFP/Getty Images)
This handout photo taken and received on March 14, 2015 by UNICEF Pacific shows waves and scattered debris along the coast, caused by Cyclone Pam, in the Vanuatu capital of Port Vila. The huge tropical cyclone smashed into Vanuatu in the South Pacific, terrifying residents and leaving "complete devastation" with fears on March 14 that dozens of people may have died. (UNICEF Pacific/AFP/Getty Images)
This handout photo taken and received on March 14, 2015 by UNICEF Pacific shows storm damage to boats caused by Cyclone Pam, in the Vanuatu capital of Port Vila. The huge tropical cyclone smashed into Vanuatu in the South Pacific, terrifying residents and leaving "complete devastation" with fears on March 14 that dozens of people may have died. (UNICEF Pacific/AFP/Getty Images)
In this image provided by UNICEF Pacific people walk along the shore where debris is scattered in Port Vila, Vanuatu, Saturday, March 14, 2015, in the aftermath of Cyclone Pam. Winds from the extremely powerful cyclone that blew through the Pacific's Vanuatu archipelago are beginning to subside, revealing widespread destruction. (AP Photo/UNICEF Pacific, Humans of Vanuatu)
In this photo provided by China's Xinhua News Agency, locals stand by a tilted boat in Port Vila, Vanuatu, after Cyclone Pam ripped through the tiny South Pacific archipelago, Sunday, March 15, 2015. Packing winds of 270 kilometers (168 miles) per hour, Cyclone Pam tore through Vanuatu early Saturday, leaving a trail of destruction. (AP Photo/Xinhua, Luo Xiangfeng)
In this photo provided by non-governmental organization 350.org, debris is scattered over a building in Port Vila, Vanuatu, Saturday, March 14, 2015, in the aftermath of Cyclone Pam. Winds from the extremely powerful cyclone that blew through the Pacific's Vanuatu archipelago are beginning to subside, revealing widespread destruction. (AP Photo/350.org, Isso Nihemi)
In this photo provided by non-profit organization 350.org, a woman, left, and man gather items in Port Vila, Vanuatu, Saturday, March 14, 2015, in the aftermath of Cyclone Pam. Winds from the extremely powerful cyclone that blew through the Pacific's Vanuatu archipelago are beginning to subside, revealing widespread destruction. (AP Photo/350.org, Isso Nihemi)
In this image provided by UNICEF Pacific, people walk past debris is scattered on a street in Port Vila, Vanuatu, Saturday, March 14, 2015, in the aftermath of Cyclone Pam. Winds from the extremely powerful cyclone that blew through the Pacific's Vanuatu archipelago are beginning to subside, revealing widespread destruction. (AP Photo/UNICEF Pacific, Humans of Vanuatu)
This handout photo taken and received on March 15, 2015 by UNICEF Pacific shows a UNICEF worker (C-in blue top) feeding a child as residents sit among debris caused by Cyclone Pam, outside the Vanuatu capital of Port Vila. Cyclone-devastated Vanuatu declared a state of emergency on March 15 as relief agencies scrambled to get help to the remote Pacific nation amid reports entire villages were "blown away" when the monster storm swept through. (UNICEF Pacific/AFP/Getty Images)
This handout photo taken and received on March 15, 2015 by UNICEF Pacific shows a resident picking up debris outside his home after it was badly damaged by Cyclone Pam, outside the Vanuatu capital of Port Vila. Cyclone-devastated Vanuatu declared a state of emergency on March 15 as relief agencies scrambled to get help to the remote Pacific nation amid reports entire villages were "blown away" when the monster storm swept through. (UNICEF Pacific/AFP/Getty Images)
This handout photo taken and received on March 15, 2015 by UNICEF Pacific shows a resident's home badly damaged by Cyclone Pam, outside the Vanuatu capital of Port Vila. Cyclone-devastated Vanuatu declared a state of emergency on March 15 as relief agencies scrambled to get help to the remote Pacific nation amid reports entire villages were "blown away" when the monster storm swept through. (UNICEF Pacific/AFP/Getty Images)
This handout photo taken and received on March 15, 2015 by UNICEF Pacific shows a resident clearing mud and other debris outside homes after the area was badly damaged by Cyclone Pam, outside the Vanuatu capital of Port Vila. Cyclone-devastated Vanuatu declared a state of emergency on March 15 as relief agencies scrambled to get help to the remote Pacific nation amid reports entire villages were "blown away" when the monster storm swept through. (UNICEF Pacific/AFP/Getty Images)
This handout photo taken on March 14, 2015 and received on March 15 by CARE Australia shows storm damage to boats caused by Cyclone Pam, in the Vanuatu capital of Port Vila. Cyclone-devastated Vanuatu declared a state of emergency on March 15 as relief agencies scrambled to get help to the remote Pacific nation amid reports entire villages were "blown away" when the monster storm swept through. (Inga Mepham/Care/AFP/Getty Images)
This handout photo taken and received on March 15, 2015 by CARE Australia shows the vegetation blown off the trees, caused by Cyclone Pam, along the road leading in the Vanuatu capital of Port Vila. Cyclone-devastated Vanuatu declared a state of emergency on March 15 as relief agencies scrambled to get help to the remote Pacific nation amid reports entire villages were "blown away" when the monster storm swept through. (Tom Perry/Care/AFP/Getty Images)
This handout photo taken and received on March 15, 2015 by CARE Australia shows a shipping container on its side, caused by Cyclone Pam, in the centre of the Vanuatu capital of Port Vila. Cyclone-devastated Vanuatu declared a state of emergency on March 15 as relief agencies scrambled to get help to the remote Pacific nation amid reports entire villages were "blown away" when the monster storm swept through. (Tom Perry/Care/AFP/Getty Images)
This handout photo taken and received on March 15, 2015 by CARE Australia shows an aerial photo of a home decimated by Cyclone Pam in the Vanuatu town of Efate. Cyclone-devastated Vanuatu declared a state of emergency on March 15 as relief agencies scrambled to get help to the remote Pacific nation amid reports entire villages were "blown away" when the monster storm swept through. (Tom Perry/CareAFP/Getty Images)
Cyclone Pam tore through Vanuatu early Saturday, packing winds of 270 kilometers (168 miles) per hour, and leaving a trail of destruction and unconfirmed reports of dozens of deaths.
Two people were confirmed dead in the capital, Port Vila, with another 20 injured there, said Paolo Malatu, coordinator for the National Disaster Management Office. Earlier, Chloe Morrison, a World Vision emergency communications officer, said Vanuatu's disaster response office told her agency that at least eight people died. She had also heard reports of entire villages being destroyed in more remote areas.
The confusion over the death toll is due largely to a near-total communications blackout across the country. With power lines and phone circuits down, officials in the capital had no way of knowing what the scope of the damage was on the outer islands, where the storm scored a direct hit.
"We haven't been able to communicate outside Port Vila," Malatu said. "At this point, the damage is severe and we haven't had figures of how many houses destroyed. … It's really bad, it's really bad."
Officials are planning to head to the outer islands Monday in helicopters, small planes and military aircraft to get a better sense of the destruction, Malatu said.
Telephone networks are notoriously spotty in South Pacific island nations such as Vanuatu, particularly in the aftermath of storms. It often takes days before networks can be restored, making it incredibly difficult for officials to quickly analyze the breadth of devastation following natural disasters.
Vanuatu's government has declared a nationwide state of emergency, and Australia and New Zealand have sent in relief supplies. Port Vila's airport was damaged by the storm and closed for commercial flights, but the first delivery of supplies arrived Sunday from the Red Cross, Malatu said.
"People are really upset and it's really hard, just because for the last couple of years, we haven't received a really big cyclone like this one," said Isso Nihmei, Vanuatu coordinator for the environmental and crisis response group 350. "Most people right now, they are really homeless."
He came upon one of the storm's victims on Saturday while surveying the damage along the coastline with other relief workers. The group spotted a man lying on the ground, not breathing, and rushed him to the hospital. By the time they arrived, however, he was dead, Nihmei said.
Structural damage across Port Vila was extensive, Nihmei said, with the majority of homes severely damaged or destroyed.
Some residents began cleaning up what was left of their wrecked houses and checking on family members. Relief workers, meanwhile, were trying to get victims to temporary shelters as fast as possible, Nihmei said.
Hannington Alatoa, head of the Vanuatu Red Cross Society, said flyovers by New Zealand and Australian relief teams showed much of the country had been "flattened." At least half of the population, or about 130,000 people, has been affected, Alatoa said in Sendai, Japan, where he and other Vanuatu officials were attending a U.N. conference on disaster risk reduction. He had no accurate information on the numbers left homeless.
"No trees, no foliage, no iron structures standing on the western part of Tanna," Altoa said, referring to one of Vanuatu's southern islands. "Trees blocked the roads. … People are in great need of water."
Highlighting the difficulty of getting information from some areas, Alatoa said he has been unable to contact his family from Sendai.
"I tried yesterday to call them from my hotel room, but I didn't get through," he said. "It's difficult. I'm praying that they are able to cope with the situation they have on the ground right now."
Vanuatu's president, Baldwin Lonsdale, who was also attending the conference in Sendai, appealed for international support.
He said authorities would have a better idea of the extent of the damage and casualties on the outer islands once they reached them on Monday. "However, I can say from past experience that there will be severe damage to schools, health facilities, roads and public utilities," he said in a statement, calling the cyclone a "major calamity for our country."
Residents awoke to much calmer weather Sunday after many hunkered down in emergency shelters for a second straight night.
Many people who have ventured out from 23 emergency shelters around Port Vila have found their homes damaged or blown away altogether, Morrison of World Vision said. Teetering trees and downed power lines have made parts of the capital hazardous.
She said communications have been so problematic that her aid group hasn't yet been able to account for many of its own 76 staff members on the islands.
For anybody who wasn't in a secure shelter during the cyclone "it would have been a very, very tough time for them," she said.
Vanuatu has a population of 267,000 people spread over 65 islands. About 47,000 people live in the capital.
UNICEF estimated that 54,000 children were among those affected by the cyclone.
The small island nation, located about a quarter of the way from Australia to Hawaii, has repeatedly warned it is already suffering devastating effects from climate change with the island's coastal areas being washed away, forcing resettlement to higher ground and smaller yields on traditional crops.
Scientists say it's impossible to attribute single weather events like Cyclone Pam to climate change.
The cyclone has already caused damage to other Pacific islands, including Kiribati and the Solomon Islands. Authorities in New Zealand are preparing for Cyclone Pam, which was forecast to pass north of the country on Sunday and Monday. — By Nick Perry, Associated Press. Associated Press writers Kristen Gelineau in Sydney and Elaine Kurtenbach in Sendai, Japan, contributed to this report.
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