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Case 6	admin	2017-12-13T10:09:13+00:00
Case 6: Enabling Prosperity/Crowdfunding
Josef Davies-Coates
Crowdfunding is a new word for an old idea. The Oxford English dictionary defines it as:
"the practice of funding a project or venture by raising many small amounts of money from a large number of people, typically via the Internet".
Crowdfunding's poster child, Kickstarter, launched in April 2009. It wasn't the first online crowdfunding platform (ArtistShare launched in 2003), but it was the first to become widely known and scale. In just 3 and a half years Kickstarter has helped over 32,000 projects raise a total of over $350 million.
But Kickstrater is now just one of over 450 crowdfunding platforms worldwide. In 2011, these platforms together raised almost $1.5 billion and successfully funded more than one million campaigns. This figure is expected to double to nearly $3 billion by the end of 2012: Source: Crowdfunding Industry Report.
So, crowdfunding is big and growing fast. Aside from the cool art projects and funky products we're all familiar with, can crowdfunding be used to fund positive social change too? It sure can. As you'll soon see, with the Top 40 Platforms for Crowdfunding Social Change listed below it is now easier than ever to crowdfund social change. But people have been successfully pooling resources to meet shared goals and needs for a long time.
An example of particular interest to P2P Foundation readers might be the story of how Jonas Salk created the very first polio vaccine in the 1950s; it is was crowdfunded and patent-free. Salk's research "was not funded by private foundations or pharmaceutical companies, but by the National Foundation for Infantile Paralysis, a public effort, financed by the donations of millions of ordinary Americans who were asked to give a 'dime at a time'".
More recently, crowdfunding has been used with great success to finance political action. A mainstream example is the Obama 2008 US Presidential Election Campaign which set new fundraising records by gaining support from a record-breaking number of individual small donors. More radically, a coalition of Occupy groups called Strike Debt are currently crowdfunding the awesome Rolling Jubilee initiative – a "bailout of the people by the people" – that seeks to buy debt for pennies on the dollar and then abolish it.
Inspired to take action? Here is a handy list of great crowdfunding platforms specifically designed to help raise funds for positive world changing projects:
Top 40 Platforms for Crowdfunding Social Change
web | twitter | facebook | github
Goteois an open source platform for 'crowdfunding the commons'. Their code and all the projects listed on the site are '100% Open'. If you want to crowdfund your Open Hardware design, CreativeCommons content or Open Source software project, Goteois the platform for you.
web | wiki | twitter | facebook | github
Another open source platform,Akvois primarily for Water and Sanitation projects. There is the accompanying wiki Akvopedia plus lots of useful code.
Catarsewas both the first crowdfunding platform in Brazil and the world's first fully-fledged open source crowdfunding platform. Check out this community raising money on Catarse to support the creation of their own currency and read this great interview with one of the team.
web | facebook
WeTheTreesis an open source platform for crowdfunding Permaculture projects, powered by Catarse code. What's not to love?
web | twitter | facebook
Crediblesis amazing because it elegantly combines three wonderful things: Crowdfunding, Community Currency and Food. It shares much in common with Community Supported Agriculture and works like this: people support food projects by pre-buying their produce. In return they receive 'edible credits' that they can then spend with any of the participating food projects in the network. Such a great idea. We all eat, and as they say "if you eat, you're an investor". Prediction: things will start to get really exiting on the food front when Sustaination start doing this with everyone in their rapidly growing network!
The sheer scale of ambition is what I love most about the Trillion Fund, a crowdfuding platform for renewable energy projects. Their goal is to help direct a Trillion dollars of investment into renewable energy projects over the next 10 years. Due to launch in early 2013, their own platform will empower people to 'profit from renewable energy' by making it easy to invest in shares and bonds that offer decent returns. In the meantime they offer a very handy directory of renewable energy investment opportunities. All very exciting. Be sure to register on their website to get notified as soon as they launch!
Microgeniusis brilliant. It simplifies and enables one of the most intelligent responses to climate, energy and economy uncertainty there is: getting together to start co-ops and then doing community share issues to raise funds for community scale infrastructure. In this case: cooperatively-owned renewable energy infrastructure. They don't put it exactly like that, but that is why I love them. Only downside: it's only for renewable energy co-ops (and not yet for Community Shops, Co-operative Pubs, or Fan-owned Football Teams) and the minimum investment is £200. But, whatever, Co-ops and Community Shares rock!
With the ability to invest as little as £5 a month Abundance Generationmakes investing in UK renewable energy projects really affordable. Their innovation model allows you to invest in 'debentures' which pay you a your fair share of the profits generated from your investment as a steady income over 25 years. Affordable long-term investments in UK renewable energy projects. We like.
LoudSauceis all about amplifying ideas that matter and preaching beyond the choir. It is the first crowdfunded media buying platform that help groups of people spread ads they believe in out to mainstream channels like billboards, TV and bus shelters. Remember, just 6 companies own over 50% of all media, so projects like this are incredibly important for getting the word out.
A platform for "Community-funded reporting",Spot.Usis an open source project to pioneer "community powered reporting." Through Spot.Us the public can commission and participate with journalists to do reporting on important and perhaps overlooked topics. It is an utterly brilliant idea. But I have to say, I'm not too impressed with the implementation. If you can code or help with the design, get involved and help make it better!
web | twitter
Gen Community, itself cooperatively-owned, is very similar to the Microgenius community shares platform. It too offers the opportunity to invest in community shares in renewable energy co-ops, but their website and process isn't quite as streamlined. From what I can gather they also seem to position themselves towards larger projects and bigger investors: the minimum investment is £500. Still, Co-ops and Community Shares rock!
Did I mention that Co-ops and Community Shares rock? Well, they do. And Shared Interest, a co-op that lends to fair trade buyer and producer organisations around the world, is a great example of what can be achieved. Since their launch in the 1980s they have raised over £20 million in community share capital from over 8000 members.
Buzzbnkwas the first crowdfunding platform in the UK specifically for Social Enterprises and other Social Ventures and is itself a Social Enterprise, backed and owned 63% by leading charities and foundations. They have a social purpose to reinvest and support the social enterprise community and the development of the social investment sector.
CloudFundedis a finance platform for local and sustainable business you know and trust.
Localstakeis a locally focused crowdfunding marketplace that connects businesses looking for capital with local investors.
Spacehiveis the world's first funding platform for neighbourhood improvement projects. They make it as easy to fund a new park or playground for your area as buying a book online. Check out Capital Growth are using it to raise funds for urban growing space in London!
Citizinvestoris a very interesting platform that has great potential for local replication. In short, it allows municipalities to post projects which citizens can then contribute towards. It also enables citizens to start petitions. It reminds me a bit of Participatory Budgeting.
Neighbor.lyis just like Citizinvestor. Neighbor.ly is designed to accept projects only from local governmental and civic-natured entities. However, if you know of a local official who might be the right person to talk to about your idea, send them an email asking them to consider Neighbor.ly
Launched in 2009,Zidishais "The Online Micro-Loan Platform that Kiva Wants to Be Like". It was was the first peer-to-peer microlending service to offer direct interaction between lenders and borrowers across the international wealth divide. In short, it actually does what you always thought Kiva did. The average Zidisha borrower pays only 8.02% in annual interest and fees, including interest paid out to lenders. This is much lower than most MFI rates and below the rate of inflation in many developing countries.
Kivais probably the best known and biggest online microfinance platform. Whilst it gives the impression that investors can lend directly to entrepreneurs in developing countries, all the money actually goes via parter MFIs (Micro Finance Institutions). Kiva Zip is a new project that works just like Zidisha.
If, like me, you spend too much time trying to convince great authors to look beyond restrictive copyright rules and update their business models for the networked digital age, you'll love unglue.it – afterall, to "unglue" means "to make a digital book free to read and use, worldwide". Great stuff. They unglued one book. Amazon shut them down. Now they're back!
Launched in 2011Peoplefund.itwas originally focused on "business ideas that might just change the world" and their aim was "to launch a generation of entrepreneurs, businesses and charities who are commercially sustainable and have social innovation at their heart". These days PeopleFund.it is general purpose crowdfunding website and claims to be the biggest in the UK (although some would say that accolade belongs to Sponsume and now Kickstarter is in the UK too). As part their NESTA funding requirements a snapshot of their code was published on github shortly after their launch. Sadly the code has not been updated or maintained since.
StartSomeGoodconnects social entrepreneurs with people who want to help. One nice thing about their story is that they raised the money for their project on IndieGoGo, another crowdfunding platform.
Similar to StartSomeGood, Inpact.meis a Latin American crowdfunding site supporting social entrepreneurs in Chile and beyond.
Solar Mosaicwas one of the first renewable energy crowdfunding platforms and successfully raised funds for a few solar projects before entering into "a quiet period". Their website now says: "Coming soon, a new way to create clean energy in your community and around the world".
Solar Schoolsis a UK10:10 project that help schools crowdfund for a solar roof. Donate £5 or more to sponsor your very own tile.
web | github
Selfstarter.us is an open source 'roll your own crowdfunding' platform by the guys at Lockitron, who created it after they were turned down by Kickstarter.
Rocket Hubisn't specifically for social change projects, but it does play host to the brilliant #SciFund Challenge: "The #SciFund Challenge is an experiment – can scientists use crowdfunding to fund their research? The #SciFund Challenge is also a way to get scientists to directly engage with the pubilc".
iAMscientistis a crowdfunding platform for science. It is a global community of science, technology and medical researchers who come together to accelerate research, support career development and drive the distribution of discoveries.
Another crowdfunding platform for science,Petridishis "a new way to fund science and explore the world with renowned researchers".
Microryzais "an online platform that lets you discover new research, support the research you think is important, and then connect with scientists. In return, you receive updates directly from the researchers to get a window into how they work and see your impact in the process of discovery".
Microplaceis a microfinance platform owned by PayPal. It has a similar model to Kiva, but instead of just getting your money back you can potentially earn some interest too.
UK based lendwithcareis a Care International project in association with The Co-operative. It works just like Kiva.
Kubaruis another Kiva-clone, run by a UK based charity.
JustGiving's is a private for-profit company whose goal is to 'allow ordinary people to raise extra ordinary amounts of money'. It is by far the most popular way to raise money for more than 9,000 UK registered charities, and has collected over £770 million in donations since launch. The administrative function includes the automatic reclaiming of Gift Aid on all donations from UK taxpayers.
Ploink!offers an alternative take for raise funds for UK charities. It describes itself as "The UK's 1st charity micro-giving website" and operates like an online charity collection box. You can put in as little or as much as you like – just like dropping your spare change into a collecting tin. Once a piggy bank has at least 99p in it you're able to donate the money to your charity.
JustGiveis a nonprofit organisation that is like a US version of the UK's for-profit JustGiving. It has sent over 950,000 donations valued at over $170 million to tens of thousands of charities working in the community and throughout the world.
ethexisn't live yet, but they want to make truly ethical investments open to everyone, become the 1st not-for-profit stockbroker, support social businesses and unit ethical investors.
"Connecting capital markets to social ventures", the Social Stock Exchange's goals are very similar to ethex: "to become the premier venue and access portal for Social Enterprises and Social Purposes Businesses seeking to raise risk capital and for Social Impact Investors who wish to find global businesses that reflect their values."
Very little info so far but the energybankvision is "for a Europe-wide market in energy-bonds, backed by renewable assets and owned by the people and businesses that use them". Sounds great, let's hope they pull it off!
As co-founder of United Diversity, a co-operative partnership based in London, UK, Josef Davies-Coates helps people to discover, contribute to and replicate intelligent responses to climate, energy and economic uncertainty. He has ran and advised many successful crowdfunding campaigns and has assisted numerous Co-operative and Community Benefit Societies to set-up and launch Community Share issues. He helped set-up the Trillion Fund blog in May 2012 and it is his ongoing work with them that prompted him to pen this post. Thanks, Trillion Fund!
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