Composers in Exile
Schönberg was one of many composers (including Ernst Toch and Igor Stravinsky) who ended up in the warm climate of California, and like many others he found it difficult to adjust at first to a life outside Europe.
During World War II, many Jews defied their Nazi oppressors by actively taking part in an underground war of resistance. This partisan warfare, carried out by clandestine forces operating inside enemy territory, was widespread in the forests and marshlands of Eastern Europe.
The opening motif of Beethoven's 5th Symphony became a powerful symbol for the Allied forces. Corresponding in Morse code to the letter 'V' for Victory, it was most famously made by Winston Churchill forming a 'V' with his fingers.
Berlin Cabaret in Exile
The 1920s heralded a 'Golden-Age' of German cabaret (Kabarett), with clubs such as Max Reinhardt's Schall und Rauch (Sound and Smoke) and Trude Hesterberg's Wilde Bühne (Wild Stage) in Berlin, and Die Elf Scharfrichter (Eleven Executioners) in Munich offering hedonistic, avant-garde, risqué entertainment.
Varian Fry and Alma Mahler-Werfel
Sometimes known as the American Schindler, Varian Fry rescued more than 1,000 people from Nazi persecution in France and Germany during 1940-41.
Todas las personasEmigrarPartidista
Schoenberg, Arnold
Goldschmidt, Berthold
Marxist composer Hanns Eisler (1898-1962) was in Vienna in January 1933 when Hitler became German Chancellor. Eisler stayed true to his Communist ideals, fleeing Nazi Germany in the 1930s and America in the 1940s.
Schmidt, Joseph
Internamiento británico, música y Hans Gál
Arma, Paul
Partisanos
Kaczerginski, Shmerke
Los trovadores de la resistencia francesa
Más personas
Todos los artículosResistencia y exilio
Himnos para Francia
Compositores exiliados
György Ligeti
[Translated to "Español" by "deepL"] La educación musical del compositor húngaro-austríaco György Ligeti (1923-2006) se vio interrumpida cuando fue enviado a una brigada de trabajos forzados por el régimen de Horthy.
Huber, Kurt