Hu, Bin; et al. (2020): Can bioenergy carbon capture and storage aggravate global water crisis?
Hu, Bin; Zhang, Yilun; Li, Yi; Teng, Yanguo; Yue, Weifeng (2020): Can bioenergy carbon capture and storage aggravate global water crisis? In Science of the Total Environment, p. 136856. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.136856.
"A bottom-up analysis approach was applied in this paper to calculating water consumption for BECCS and estimating water quality deterioration caused by increasing fertilizer and pesticide application. The results indicated that water usage of BECCS was equal to adding 12.86%–16.64% (switchgrass) and 17.59%–26.06% (miscanthus) additional water stress on global available water resources at 2100. Additional N fertilizer application in 2100 would be equal to over 84%, 55% and 42% for both switchgrass and miscanthus under three CCS capture efficiency scenarios, respectively, comparing to such global scale in 2012."
Read more » Hu, Bin; et al. (2020): Can bioenergy carbon capture and storage aggravate global water crisis?
Pinto, Izidine; et al. (2020): Africa's Climate Response to Solar Radiation Management with Stratospheric Aerosol
Pinto, Izidine; Jack, Christopher; Lennard, Christopher; Tilmes, Simone; Odoulami, Romaric C. (2020): Africa's Climate Response to Solar Radiation Management with Stratospheric Aerosol. In Geophysical Research Letters. DOI: 10.1029/2019GL086047.
"We investigate the potential impact of SRM on temperature and rainfall means and extremes over sub‐Saharan Africa using simulations from the Geoengineering Large Ensemble (GLENS). We found SRM significantly reduces temperature means and extremes, however, the effect on precipitation is not as linear."
Read more » Pinto, Izidine; et al. (2020): Africa's Climate Response to Solar Radiation Management with Stratospheric Aerosol
Fagan, Matthew E.; et al. (2020): How feasible are global forest restoration commitments?
Fagan, Matthew E.; Reid, J. Leighton; Holland, Margaret B.; Drew, Justin G.; Zahawi, Rakan A. (2020): How feasible are global forest restoration commitments? In CONSERVATION LETTERS 348 (80), 638 LP–640. DOI: 10.1111/conl.12700.
"Numerous countries have made voluntary commitments to conduct forest landscape restoration over millions of hectares of degraded land in the coming decade. We consider the relative likelihood these countries will achieve their restoration commitments."
Read more » Fagan, Matthew E.; et al. (2020): How feasible are global forest restoration commitments?
Krishnamohan, K. S.; et al. (2020): The Climatic Effects of Hygroscopic Growth of Sulfate Aerosols in the Stratosphere
Krishnamohan, K. S.; Bala, Govindasamy; Cao, Long; Duan, Lei; Caldeira, Ken (2020): The Climatic Effects of Hygroscopic Growth of Sulfate Aerosols in the Stratosphere. In Earth's Future. DOI: 10.1029/2019EF001326.
"We show that stratospheric sulfate aerosols, for a given mass of sulfates, cause more cooling when prescribed at the lower levels of the stratosphere because of hygroscopic growth. The larger relative humidity in the lower stratosphere causes an increase in the aerosol size through hygroscopic growth which leads to a larger scattering efficiency."
Read more » Krishnamohan, K. S.; et al. (2020): The Climatic Effects of Hygroscopic Growth of Sulfate Aerosols in the Stratosphere
Harding, Anthony R.; et al. (2020): Climate econometric models indicate solar geoengineering would reduce inter-country income inequality
Harding, Anthony R.; Ricke, Katharine; Heyen, Daniel; MacMartin, Douglas G.; Moreno-Cruz, Juan (2020): Climate econometric models indicate solar geoengineering would reduce inter-country income inequality. In Nat Commun 11 (1), pp. 1–9. DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-13957-x.
"Combining historical evidence with climate simulations of mean annual temperature and precipitation, we project socio-economic outcomes under high anthropogenic emissions for stylized climate scenarios in which global temperatures are stabilized or over-cooled by blocking solar radiation. We find impacts of climate changes on global GDP-per-capita by the end of the century are temperature-driven, highly dispersed, and model dependent. "
Read more » Harding, Anthony R.; et al. (2020): Climate econometric models indicate solar geoengineering would reduce inter-country income inequality
Cheng, Lijing; et al. (2020): Record-Setting Ocean Warmth Continued in 2019
Cheng, Lijing; Abraham, John; Zhu, Jiang; Trenberth, Kevin E.; Fasullo, John; Boyer, Tim et al. (2020): Record-Setting Ocean Warmth Continued in 2019. In Adv. Atmos. Sci. 37 (2), pp. 137–142. DOI: 10.1007/s00376-020-9283-7.
"Because the oceans are the main repository of the Earth's energy imbalance, measuring ocean heat content (OHC) is one of the best way to quantify the rate of global warming (Trenberth et al., 2016; Von Schuckmann et al., 2016; Cheng et al., 2018). Following reports released in the previous two years (Cheng and Zhu, 2018; Cheng et al., 2019c), this article presents new OHC data for the year 2019. These data reveal that the world's oceans (especially at upper 2000 m) in 2019 were the warmest in recorded human history."
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Stephens, Jennie C.; Surprise, Kevin (2020): The hidden injustices of advancing solar geoengineering research
Stephens, Jennie C.; Surprise, Kevin (2020): The hidden injustices of advancing solar geoengineering research. In Global Sustainability 3. DOI: 10.1017/sus.2019.28.
"Solar geoengineering research advances an extreme, expert–elite technocratic intervention into the global climate system that would serve to further concentrate contemporary forms of political and economic power. For these reasons, we argue that it is unethical and unjust to advance solar geoengineering research."
Read more » Stephens, Jennie C.; Surprise, Kevin (2020): The hidden injustices of advancing solar geoengineering research
Kravitz, Ben; MacMartin, Douglas G. (2020): Uncertainty and the basis for confidence in solar geoengineering research
Kravitz, Ben; MacMartin, Douglas G. (2020): Uncertainty and the basis for confidence in solar geoengineering research. In Nat Rev Earth Environ 1 (1), pp. 64–75. DOI: 10.1038/s43017-019-0004-7.
"Using a risk-register framework, we illustrate key uncertainties, such as sub-grid-scale mixing or effects of stratospheric heating, investigations of which should be prioritized to transition the field to a mission-driven research agenda."
Read more » Kravitz, Ben; MacMartin, Douglas G. (2020): Uncertainty and the basis for confidence in solar geoengineering research
Stephens, Jennie C.; Surprise, Kevin (2020): The hidden injustices of advancing solar geoengineering research. In Glob. Sustain. 3, p. 102. DOI: 10.1017/sus.2019.28.
"We find impacts of climate changes on global GDP-per-capita by the end of the century are temperature-driven, highly dispersed, and model dependent. Across all model specifications, however, income inequality between countries is lower with solar geoengineering. "
Liu, Yi; et al. (2020): Multicentury Climate Warming Slows Meridional Overturning Circulation, Sequestering Nutrients in the Deep Ocean and Reducing Uptake of Anthropogenic CO2
Liu, Yi, Jefferson Keith Moore, and Francois W. Primeau (2020): Multicentury Climate Warming Slows Meridional Overturning Circulation, Sequestering Nutrients in the Deep Ocean and Reducing Uptake of Anthropogenic CO2. Earth and Space Science Open Archive. January 4, 2020. https://www.essoar.org/doi/10.1002/essoar.10501562.1.‌
"This Community Earth System Model (CESM) simulation did not include active ice sheet dynamics, but the strong climate warming simulated would lead to large freshwater discharge from the Antarctic and Greenland ice sheets. This would further stratify the polar regions, potentially leading to complete shutdown of the meridional overturning circulation. The impacts of this would be catastrophic as the hothouse Earth climate conditions could be extended for thousands of years, with widespread ocean anoxia developing, driving a mass extinction event."
Read more » Liu, Yi; et al. (2020): Multicentury Climate Warming Slows Meridional Overturning Circulation, Sequestering Nutrients in the Deep Ocean and Reducing Uptake of Anthropogenic CO2