New challenges for STI policy from the internationalization of R&D: the case of Russian-German R&D cooperation
Science, Technology and Innovation. WP BRP. Высшая школа экономики, 2012. No. 02.
Gershman M.
Over the last two decades national policy makers drew special attention to the implementation of policy tools which foster international cooperation in the fields of science, technology, and innovation. In this paper, we look at cases of Russian-German collaboration to examine the initiatives of the Russian government aimed at stimulating the innovation activity of domestic corporations and small and medium enterprises. The data derived from the interviews with companies' leaders show positive effects of bilateral innovative projects on the overall business performance alongside with major barriers hindering international cooperation. To overcome these barriers we provide specific suggestions relevant to the recently developed Russian Innovation Strategy 2020.
Priority areas: managementhumanitarianbusiness informatics
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Keywords: innovation policyinternational cooperation
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Key Features of the First Phase of the National Cluster Programme in Russia
Kutsenko E., Meissner D. Science, Technology and Innovation. WP BRP. Высшая школа экономики, 2013. No. 11/STI/2013.
Cluster policy is recognized as one of the pivotal elements of state of art innovation policy. State support for clusters helps to take into account regional peculiarities and engage the most innovative local actors into the process of innovation policy drafting and implementation. Cluster development stimulates trust building and enhances knowledge spillovers among different organizations in the region. Finally the cluster approach makes innovation policy more systemic by coordinating measures aimed to support different actors (large companies, SMEs, universities, venture funds) towards comprehensive efforts linking the most perspective localized industries (ecosystems). The development of clusters has been determined as one of the priorities of the Strategy of Innovative Development of the Russian Federation for the period to 2020 which was confirmed end 2010. In the framework of this Strategy the first national cluster program was launched in 2012. The paper is devoted to the detailed description of the background of the national cluster program in Russia and its first phase the selection of the pilot innovative clusters which was implemented last year. Special attention is given to the comparison of planned design of the Russian cluster program with such widely known cluster programs as the BioRegio, InnoRegio and Les pôles de compétitivité. The similarities and peculiarities of the Russian program have been defined that allowed to identify several most significant areas for improvement
Skills and Innovation
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Long-Term Science and Technology Policy – Russian priorities for 2030
Sokolov A., Chulok A., Mesropyan V. R. Science, Technology and Innovation. WP BRP. Высшая школа экономики, 2013. No. 19/STI/2013.
Currently the framework conditions for science and technology and innovation (STI) policy have changed significantly in Russia: a system of technology forecasting has been established, which focuses on ensuring the future needs of the manufacturing sector of the national economy. This system was supposed to be the main part of the state strategy planning system which is currently being formed. Over the last decade dozens of science and technology forward-looking projects have been implemented, among which 3 cycles of long-term S&T Foresight stand out prominently. The Foresight was developed by the request of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation. The development of the 3rd cycle of long-term Foresight includes both normative («market pull») and research («technology push») approaches. The project involved more than 2,000 experts and more than 200 organizations. Within the project a network of six sectoral Foresight centers was created on the basis of leading universities. The article describes the most important issues of future studies in Russia and presents the principles which formed the basis for the long-term science and technology (S&T) Foresight until 2030. The authors explore its position in the national technology Foresight system and the possibilities for the implementation of its results by the key stakeholders of the national innovation system and on the level of STI policy. Eventually Russian experience could be fairly interesting and useful for many other countries with similar socio-economic features and barriers
Innovation Policy Challenges for the 21st Century
Miles I. D., Gee S., Rigby J. et al. L.: Routledge, 2012.
As the economies of western countries move from primarily resource-based to knowledge-based, and trade liberalization limits what governments can do through direct action, the landscape of innovation is changing and policymakers must react accordingly. This exciting new book examines the challenges that policy makers face in responding to a new environment. The book addresses how governments are now seeking to drive innovation through new forms of R&D policies, through public procurement, skills development, entrepreneurship and innovation culture to name but a few of the approaches.
Innovation Policy Challenges for the 21st Century explores these and other contemporary issues in innovation, reviewing the state of the art literature and consolidating current thinking at the frontiers of innovation. The volume debates and presents scattered and anonymous material in a coherent way, with a particular focus is on 'hot topics' in the field of innovation studies that have been previously under-researched. The book is divided into four key themes: government as a key actor in the innovation process, entrepreneurs as innovators, skills and competences required to maintain and improve innovation performance in Europe and finally, the wider context in which innovation policy develops.
Алтай трансграничный: пути международной интеграции и устойчивого развития
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Educational tourism as technology of university education: experience of one project in Russia and the USA (philosophic notes)
Shalaeva A. In bk.: World universities congress proceedings. Ankara: Pozitif Printing, 2010. P. 296-299.
In the article the value of educational tourism in the university education system is considered as a technology of educational, scientific and cultural development of a student. International educational tourism as a technology of development of a student is investigated on the basis of personal experience of the author, received thanks to the participation in the academic cooperation project between Mari State Technical University (Russia) and Concord University (USA) in the sphere of service and tourism. International educational tourism is considered as an additional resource of the educational process.
The Russian Federation: A New Innovation Policy for Sustainable Growth
Gokhberg L., Roud V. In bk.: Global Innovation Index 2012: Stronger Innovation Linkages for Global Growth. Fontainebleau: INSEAD, WIPO, 2012. P. 121-131.
Chapter 6 presents an analysis of Russian innovation system accompanied by an overview of state science, technology and innovation (STI) policy practice.
The authors cover the most urgent institutional cleavages, including the split-offs of science and industry, issues of institutional model of the R&D sector, sectoral discrepancies and regional polarization.
An outline of STI policy framework evolution is presented, including the most recent Strategy for Socio-Economic Development of Russia till 2020 topics. A special regard is paid to linkage-stimulating policy instruments, including grants for joint research for Universities, R&D organisations and companies, technology platforms, regional innovation clusters program and elaboration of innovation development plans for state-owned companies.
Added: Aug 2, 2012
Вклад Высшей школы экономики и менеджмента общественного управления в Братиславе в развитие теории и практики общественного управления в Словакии
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The experience of the school in the field of cooperation with domestic and foreign higher education schools, public administration bodies, and ministries and departments of the Slovak Republic is presented.
Раскрытие содержания понятия "инновационная деятельность" в нормативно-правовых актах Российской Федерации
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A Policy Perspective on the Russian Technology Platforms
Proskuryakova L. N., Meissner D. SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, INNOVATION. SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, INNOVATION. НИУ ВШЭ, 2014. No. 26.
The paper offers a taxonomy of the technology platforms (TPs) to help assess a platform's risk level. TPs are seen as a valuable policy instrument that assists a multi-stakeholder formulation and implementation of long-term R&D programs in specific technology areas at economy or industry level. The TPs analysis and the taxonomy are based on the industrial economic perspective and contribute to defining and implementing technology platforms above the company level. In practical terms the results of the study may be used by policy-makers in designing the R&D support measures. Moreover, the paper clarifies the role of TPs in the science, technology and innovation policy mix. The authors trace the evolution of the 'technology platform' concept from an instrument used by companies for R&D and innovation management towards a policy instrument used for technology and economic development at national and international levels. The authors propose a theoretical approach to TPs as a science, technology and innovation policy concept. Furthermore the paper offers a case-study of Russia's newly established Technology Platforms
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Информациональные производители как основные акторы развития новой экономики
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Short lists with short programs in short time
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Given a machine $U$, a $c$-short program for $x$ is a string $p$ such that $U(p)=x$ and the length of $p$ is bounded by $c$ + (the length of a shortest program for $x$). We show that for any universal machine, it is possible to compute in polynomial time on input $x$ a list of polynomial size guaranteed to contain a $O(\log |x|)$-short program for $x$. We also show that there exist computable functions that map every $x$ to a list of size $O(|x|^2)$ containing a $O(1)$-short program for $x$ and this is essentially optimal because we prove that such a list must have size $\Omega(|x|^2)$. Finally we show that for some machines, computable lists containing a shortest program must have length $\Omega(2^{|x|})$.
Макроэкономическое обоснование антикризисного управления организациями
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