Pay attention to 'carbon neutrality' and boost the big carbon dioxide monitoring market
This year's National Two Sessions, 'Carbon Peak' and 'Carbon Neutrality' have attracted much attention.
In fact, as early as September last year, the Chinese government proposed at the 75th United Nations General Assembly: "China will increase its independent contribution and adopt more powerful policies and measures to achieve carbon dioxide emissions by 2030. Peak, and strive to achieve carbon neutrality by 2060.'
First, let's first understand what the terms 'carbon peak' and 'carbon neutral' mean.
Carbon peak: At a certain moment, carbon dioxide emissions reached the highest value in history, and then gradually declined.
Carbon neutrality: through afforestation, energy saving and emission reduction, offset the carbon dioxide or greenhouse gas emissions produced by itself, realize positive and negative offsets, and achieve relatively 'zero emissions'.
Carbon peaks within 10 years and carbon neutral within 40 years. For us, this goal has a long "lifeline" with tight time and heavy carbon dioxide tasks. To achieve the peak of carbon by 2030, we need to carry out the energy structure transformation as soon as possible.
According to the recent research report of the Institute of Climate Change and Sustainable Development of Tsinghua University, under the new climate target, the carbon intensity will decrease by more than 65% in 2030 compared to 2015. By the end of 2025, non-fossil energy will increase Primary energy consumption will account for at least 20% and at least 25% by the end of 2030. The industry pointed out that this model data is still relatively conservative.
Climate change is a severe challenge facing the earth's ecosystem since the global industrialization. The earth's ecosystem and the earth's climate system have reached a critical point. In May 2019, the monthly average concentration of CO2 in the global atmosphere reached 414.7×10-6, setting a new record since human observations were recorded in 1958, exceeding the highest record in the past 23 years, leading to higher global average temperature, melting of glaciers, Environmental and ecological problems such as rising sea levels and frequent extreme weather.
The introduction of the 'carbon neutral' target has drawn a grand blueprint for my country's future green and low-carbon development. However, we must see that compared with the historical process of the world's major carbon emitters, my country is facing tremendous pressure and challenges in achieving the goal of 'carbon neutrality'.
Then how can we know how much carbon dioxide is in the air and how can we monitor carbon emissions across the country?
This requires continuous measurement of the concentration or volume of greenhouse gases through relevant instruments and equipment, and real-time monitoring and measurement of carbon dioxide emissions.
What are the methods for carbon dioxide measurement?
1. Non-dispersive infrared absorption method
Carbon dioxide has selective absorption of infrared rays. Within a certain range, the absorption value has a linear relationship with the concentration of carbon dioxide. Determine the concentration of carbon dioxide in the sample based on the absorption value.
2. Gas chromatography
Gas chromatography is a chromatographic separation and analysis method that uses gas as a mobile phase. After the carbon dioxide is completely separated from the other components of the air in the chromatographic column, it enters the working wall of the thermal conductivity detector. In the linear range, the signal size is proportional to the concentration of carbon dioxide entering the detector. In order to carry out qualitative and quantitative measurement.
3. Volumetric titration method
Use excess barium hydroxide solution to react with carbon dioxide to generate barium carbonate precipitate. After sampling, the remaining barium hydroxide is titrated with standard oxalic acid solution until the red color of the phenolphthalein reagent has just faded. Divide the volumetric titration result by the collected air sample volume to measure the concentration of carbon dioxide in the air.
4. Infrared absorption method
Carbon dioxide has an absorption peak in the 4.3um infrared region. At this wavelength, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon monoxide, and water vapor have no obvious absorption, so the infrared absorption method is a measurement The ideal method for carbon dioxide in the air. Since the content of carbon dioxide in the air is at least 0.03%, the length of the absorption tank is only a few centimeters. Therefore, using the principle of infrared absorption, a portable carbon dioxide sensor in the air can be made to detect the concentration of carbon dioxide.
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