"Türkmenistanyň lukmançylygy" žurnaly
Founder: Ministry of health and medical industry of Turkmenistan
Adress: Ashgabat c., Garashsyzlyk shayoly, 100, Turkmenbashy centre of free creative work
Telephones: 38-61-55
Email: t-lukmanchylygy-zurnaly@online.tm
The effective methods of visualization of a pathology of the posterior segment of the eye with divergent strabismus in children
Most ophthalmologists note the appearance of the first signs of divergent strabismus before the age of 6 years [8, 10]. With divergent strabismus, combined with myopic refraction, there is a gradual decrease in vision in one eye, development of amblyopia, and impaired formation of binocular vision [3, 4, 6]. The aim of the work is to study the effectiveness of optical coherence tomography of the eye in children with concomitant divergent strabismus with myopic refraction.
Strategy errors in the diagnostics of soft tissue sarcomas
Currently, according to the WHO classification, more than 50 morphological types of soft tissue sarcomas (STS) are distinguished, and the approaches of their treatment also differ [2-4]. This disease is equally common among men and women, more often at the age of 20-40 years. In 50% of patients, the disease affects limbs, in 40% – soft tissues of other parts of the body [1, 2, 6, 7]. The need for proper diagnostics and treatment of this disease, the frequency of diagnostic and therapeutic errors, indicate the importance of this problem [4-7].
The role of new technologies in the detection of malignant neoplasms of the nasopharynx
Malignant neoplasms of the nasopharynx account for 45-55% of all malignant tumors of nasopharynx [1, 7]. The clinic of the disease is characterized by symptoms depending on the location of a tumor in the nasopharynx, growth, and metastasis to regional lymph nodes [2, 5]. The aim of the work is to study the role of computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis, determination of the type and degree of a nasopharyngeal tumor.
The effectiveness of phytotherapy for chronic cholecystitis
Chronic cholecystitis (CC) is a disease of the gallbladder characterized by dysfunction of the entire biliary system, formation of gallstones, and inflammation of the walls of gallbladder. In the treatment of CC, infusions and juices of medicinal plants are widely used, which have antispasmodic, choleretic, anti-inflammatory and sedative effects. The aim of the work is to show the effectiveness of using the method of immunological determination of sensitivity to a herbal remedy in patients with chronic cholecystitis.
Ophthalmological care to premature babies in a perinatal center
Over the past decades, retinopathy of prematurity (RP) has been one of the diseases leading to visual impairment. For newborns weighing less than 2500 g, the introduction of a systematic approach to the early detection of retinal pathology, the implementation of methods of thorough ophthalmological monitoring to prevent irreversible changes is of medical and social importance [4]. The aim of the work is to evaluate the effectiveness of modern technologies for the diagnosis and treatment of RP.
Comparative analysis of the chemical composition of mulberry leaves
Mulberry has a number of advantages, it is used in the production of sugar, citric acid and vinegar. The high content of biologically active substances determines the therapeutic effects of mulberry. We have carried out biochemical studies of white and black mulberry leaves. The aim of the work is to determine the macro- and microelement composition of white and black mulberries.
Epidemiological structure of acute respiratory infections in Turkmenistan
Peculiarities of the epidemic spread of influenza viruses are determined by ability to rapidly mutate and the highest variability of Alphainfluenzavirus and significant – Betainfluenzavirus. Each new shift and drift variant of Alphainfluenzavirus or Betainfluenzavirus is able to overcome the immunity acquired by humans to previously circulating variants of the same virus [1]. This is the reason for the global spread of influenza. The aim of the work is to study the epidemiological structure of acute respiratory infections in Turkmenistan.
Nutrition assessment in primary schoolchildren
Recently there has been a sharp increase in the prevalence of childhood obesity and overweight worldwide. The WHO calls overweight in children one of the most serious health problems in the 21st century [5, 6]. It has already been proven that a child who is overweight or obese will have these problems in adulthood [4]. Considering the importance of this issue for public health, the WHO Regional Office for Europe established the European Childhood Obesity Surveillance Initiative (COSI) in 2007. Turkmenistan, along with more than 40 countries, has joined the fourth round of data studies that allow studying trends in overweight and obesity among children of primary school age over a period of 10 years.
Influence of stereotypes of eating behavior on the risk of cardiovascular diseases
Detection of eating disorders and ways to correct them are of great importance in the diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Currently, a diet therapy is considered an important component of CVD therapy [4, 6]. The aim of the work is to study the nutritional characteristics of patients with arterial hypertension and detect their relationship with risk factors for cardiovascular diseases.
Minimally invasive derotational osteotomy of the lower third of shin bone in children
Torsion deformities of the lower extremities are twisting of the distal parts of the femur and lower leg bones along their axis in relation to the proximal parts. Deformities (twisting) of bones of the lower leg in children are clinically manifested in gait with an internal rotational or external rotational component [2]. A deviation of more than 20 degrees indicates pathological torsion, which usually does not tend to improve and requires surgical correction [1, 6]. Derotational osteotomy is used to eliminate torsion deformities of shin bones [1, 5, 6].
The role of preventive examinations in the early detection of cervical cancer
From the standpoint of the active detection of precancerous diseases (dysplasia) and early cervical cancer, organizational issues, conducting mass gynecological examinations, one of which is the rational organization of the cytological service, designed to ensure maximum efficiency of examinations by conducting cytological studies in each examined woman, are of paramount importance [6, 7] . The aim of the work is to evaluate the results of preventive examinations in Turkmenistan for the purpose of early detection of cervical cancer.
Cognitive disorders in posttraumatic encephalopathy
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is regarded as one of the most important problems in clinical neurology. The consequences of a previous brain injury are both a medical and a social problem [2, 4]. The aim of the study is to establish the clinical features of cognitive impairment in post-traumatic encephalopathy of varying severity.
Management and organizational methods to combat chronic non-communicable diseases
Chronic non-communicable diseases (CNCDs) are the significant health, demographic and socioeconomic challenge, both globally and at the country level. The most significant and common NCDs include diseases of cardiovascular system (arterial hypertension, coronary heart disease, chronic heart failure), diabetes mellitus, and chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases. These conditions account for over half of deaths worldwide. It is necessary to analyze the current situation, identify strengths and weaknesses in the models and principles of healthcare organization aimed at combating NCDs.
The short- and long-term efficacies of endovascular interventions
Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the main cause of disability and mortality in the working population. A significant reduction in mortality from coronary heart disease in many countries has been achieved due to the development of a new direction in medicine – interventional cardioangiology [4, 8]. The aim of the work is to study the clinical and functional effectiveness of stenting in patients with coronary heart disease in the short- and long-term after endovascular intervention.
Prevention of complications after surgical treatment of cardioesophageal cancer
Malignant neoplasms of the cardioesophageal zone occupy 12% of all malignant neoplasms. In the world, this disease ranks 3rd after breast and lung cancer. In Turkmenistan and its regions, a decrease in the incidence of cardioesophageal cancer (CEC) has been observed in recent years: over the past 10 years, there has been a decrease by 1,2 times. But, despite this, at present, the diagnosis and treatment of CEC is one of the important problems of practical oncology. The aim of the work is to analyse a surgical treatment of CEC and develop measures to prevent complications that occur in postoperative period.
Comparative analysis of variability of daily profile of arterial pressure depending on the type of left ventricle geometry in pregnant women with arterial hypertension
Hypertensive complications (preeclampsia and eclampsia) are the most severe complications of pregnancy, accompanied by high rates of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. The frequency of arterial hypertension (AH) among pregnant women is, according to the literature, an average of 4-8%, 30% is chronic, i.e. arterial hypertension that existed before pregnancy, and 70% – gestational hypertension [1, 4]. The aim of the work is to develop and implement in healthcare practice a set of measures for prediction, early diagnosis of preeclampsia against the background of arterial hypertension, which will improve the outcomes of pregnancy and childbirth in this contingent of women.
Neuroprotective treatment after acute disorders of cerebral circulation
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), cerebrovascular disease is the most common disease in developed countries in the world, which is characterized by an increase in their number in the composition of cardiovascular diseases among people of working age, which depends on the increase in neuropsychic stress. In recent years, the number of strokes among young people and children has increased [12, 14, 15]. Every year, about 14 million people worldwide suffer from an acute stroke, of which about 6 million are fatal. Ischemic stroke accounts for 70-85% of acute cerebral circulatory disorders [1]. Protection of nervous system in the first 4-48 hours after a stroke is especially important. Timely and correctly provided assistance has a positive effect on the outcome of recovery.
Bioorganic composition of stevia leaves
At present, much attention is paid to the study of medicinal plants that can be used in diabetes mellitus, obesity, diseases of gastrointestinal tract [1]. Stevia is a natural, low-calorie sweetener and can be used as a sugar substitute (Fig. 1-3).
Comparative analysis of the effectiveness of vaccines against SARS-COV-2 after revaccination
Since December 2020, various vaccines have been used to combat the global COVID-19 pandemic, which is considered a turning point that changed the situation with the pandemic around the world. In the scientific literature, there are a lot of data on the effectiveness and duration of post-vaccination immunity [1-4]. The aim of the work is to analyze community immunity against SARS-COV-2 depending on the age and type of vaccines.
Influence of nutritional status on the functional state of women's organism during pregnancy
During pregnancy, a female body undergoes significant changes in the functions of all the most important organs and systems, severity of which depends on the course and duration of pregnancy and fetal development [6, 9]. The aim of the work is to identify the influence of nutritional status on the functional state of a female body in early pregnancy.