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Les politiques de l'Union – Au service des citoyens: Politique régionale
La politique régionale de l'Union, également appelée politique de cohésion, a pour objectif principal de réduire les déséquilibres territoriaux, sociaux et économiques entre les différentes régions de l'Union européenne. Elle couvre toutes les régions et toutes les villes de l'Union et favorise la création d'emplois, la compétitivité des entreprises, la croissance économique, le développement durable et l'amélioration de la qualité de vie des citoyens. Pour atteindre ces objectifs et répondre aux ...
La politique régionale de l'Union, également appelée politique de cohésion, a pour objectif principal de réduire les déséquilibres territoriaux, sociaux et économiques entre les différentes régions de l'Union européenne. Elle couvre toutes les régions et toutes les villes de l'Union et favorise la création d'emplois, la compétitivité des entreprises, la croissance économique, le développement durable et l'amélioration de la qualité de vie des citoyens. Pour atteindre ces objectifs et répondre aux besoins les plus variés en matière de développement dans l'ensemble des régions de l'Union, un montant de 351,8 milliards d'euros – près d'un tiers du budget total de l'Union européenne – a été prévu au titre de la politique de cohésion pour la période 2014-2020. Ce soutien financier est apporté au moyen de deux fonds principaux: le Fonds européen de développement régional (FEDER) et le Fonds de cohésion (FC). Ces deux fonds, ainsi que le Fonds social européen (FSE), le Fonds européen agricole pour le développement rural (Feader) et le Fonds européen pour les affaires maritimes et la pêche (FEAMP), forment les Fonds structurels et d'investissement européens (Fonds ESI). Cet ensemble de fonds offre un soutien qui peut réellement changer la vie des citoyens dans les régions de l'Union. Alors que la période de programmation actuelle (2014-2020) touche à sa fin, des travaux sont actuellement engagés afin de définir les priorités de la politique de cohésion pour la prochaine période de programmation (2020-2027). Au cours de la législature 2014-2019, le Parlement européen a été amené, à de nombreuses reprises, à adopter de nouveaux actes législatifs, à modifier des règles préexistantes et à fournir des avis sur de nombreux sujets qui touchent à la politique régionale de l'Union. Au sein du Parlement européen, la politique de développement régional et de cohésion de l'Union, telle que définie par les traités, relève de la compétence de la commission du développement régional (REGI). S'il quitte l'Union européenne comme prévu, le Royaume-Uni, qui était jusqu'alors un contributeur net au budget de l'Union, ne contribuera plus au budget de l'Union après 2020. L'Union disposera donc de moins de ressources pour financer ses politiques, notamment la politique de cohésion. Le Parlement européen a toutefois vigoureusement défendu le maintien, voire l'augmentation, du niveau de financement actuel en faveur de la politique de cohésion. Cette note d'information est une révision d'un document publié avant les élections européennes de 2019.
Vasileios MARGARAS
Christiaan VAN LIEROP
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European Council conclusions - A rolling check-list of commitments to date
The role of the European Council – to 'provide the Union with the necessary impetus for its development' and to define its 'general political directions and priorities' – has evolved rapidly over the last decade. Since June 2014, the European Council Oversight Unit within the European Parliamentary Research Service (EPRS), the European Parliament's in-house research service and think tank, has been monitoring and analysing the European Council's delivery on commitments made in the conclusions of ...
The role of the European Council – to 'provide the Union with the necessary impetus for its development' and to define its 'general political directions and priorities' – has evolved rapidly over the last decade. Since June 2014, the European Council Oversight Unit within the European Parliamentary Research Service (EPRS), the European Parliament's in-house research service and think tank, has been monitoring and analysing the European Council's delivery on commitments made in the conclusions of its meetings. This overview of European Council conclusions is a new, updated and more comprehensive edition of the Rolling Check-List, which has been published regularly by the European Council Oversight Unit since 2014. It distinguishes between four types of European Council conclusions (commitments, reviews, endorsements and statements) and indicates the follow-up given to calls for action made by EU leaders. It also offers an introductory analysis of each policy area, highlighting the background to the main orientations given by the European Council, as well as the follow-up to them and the future challenges.
Étude pdf
Marché intérieur et union douanière
Affaires économiques et monétaires
Législation de l'Union: système et actes juridiques
Espace de liberté, de sécurité et de justice
Développement et aide humanitaire
Questions financières et bancaires
Suzana Elena ANGHEL
Izabela Cristina BACIAN
MARKO VUKOVIC
Research for REGI Committee-The Agenda for Cohesion Policy in 2019-2024: Key issues for the REGI Committee
This study reviews current and emerging issues for Cohesion Policy to support the work agenda of the European Parliament's Committee for Regional Development during its new mandate for 2019-2024. The analysis focuses on issues relating to the committee's competences and concludes by highlighting key policy themes and political questions for the debate on Cohesion Policy in 2021-27.
Auteur externe
Carlos Mendez, John Bachtler and Irene McMaster
Regional inequalities in the EU
The issue of inequality has gained increasing importance in the public and political agenda in the aftermath of the financial and economic crisis, and in the context of political movements representing the 'places left behind'. Inequality may relate to income and wealth, but also to a variety of aspects such as access to basic services, education and infrastructure. In the context of regional disparities, it may also refer to differing levels of socio-economic development. Common inequality measures ...
The issue of inequality has gained increasing importance in the public and political agenda in the aftermath of the financial and economic crisis, and in the context of political movements representing the 'places left behind'. Inequality may relate to income and wealth, but also to a variety of aspects such as access to basic services, education and infrastructure. In the context of regional disparities, it may also refer to differing levels of socio-economic development. Common inequality measures have revealed that, while regional disparities have been decreasing when considering the EU as a whole, they have been increasing within some countries. A number of persistently low-growth regions exist in southern Europe, as do many low-income regions in eastern Europe. Every Member State has a number of 'inner peripheries', which are habitually located in post-industrial or rural areas and often characterised by high levels of unemployment, poor infrastructure, lack of skilled workforce and hampered accessibility. Strengthening social, economic and territorial cohesion, and reducing regional disparities is the main goal of EU cohesion policy. As a major EU tool to address regional inequalities, this policy provides a wide range of support for businesses and activities in areas such as research, environment, transport, employment, social inclusion, education and institutional capacity-building. Such support is crucial for addressing the underlying problems of many lagging regions, helping them create better living conditions, retain and attract talent, encourage investment, improve productivity and develop regional innovation systems. Together with economic governance frameworks and EU support for structural reform, EU cohesion policy can play an important role in reducing inequality, in a comprehensive and multidimensional way. While traditionally, GDP per capita has been used to assess regional convergence, a variety of new indicators tracking progress on issues correlated with inequality are available for this purpose today. Moreover, the proposals for the EU's post-2020 policy framework include new additional funding allocation criteria such as youth unemployment, education levels, climate change, and the reception and integration of migrants. These changes possibly indicate a shift towards a more comprehensive view of territorial convergence in the EU.
Agnieszka WIDUTO
Fund for European Aid to the Most Deprived (FEAD)
Created in 2014, the €3.8 billion Fund for European Aid to the Most Deprived (FEAD) supplements EU Member States' own aid. Member States can choose between food and/or other basic material assistance or social inclusion activities. Partner organisations selected by the Member States manage FEAD support. The FEAD complements other EU instruments that seek to promote social cohesion, the European Social Fund in particular.
Marie LECERF
Common Provisions Regulation: New rules for cohesion policy for 2021-2027
For the next EU budget, covering the 2021-2027 period, the European Commission proposes to update EU cohesion policy with a new set of rules. The proposal for a Common Provisions Regulation (CPR) sets out common provisions for seven shared management funds: the European Regional Development Fund, the Cohesion Fund, the European Social Fund Plus, the European Maritime and Fisheries Fund, the Asylum and Migration Fund, the Internal Security Fund and the Border Management and Visa Instrument. Additional ...
For the next EU budget, covering the 2021-2027 period, the European Commission proposes to update EU cohesion policy with a new set of rules. The proposal for a Common Provisions Regulation (CPR) sets out common provisions for seven shared management funds: the European Regional Development Fund, the Cohesion Fund, the European Social Fund Plus, the European Maritime and Fisheries Fund, the Asylum and Migration Fund, the Internal Security Fund and the Border Management and Visa Instrument. Additional specific regulations add certain provisions needed to cater for the particularities of individual funds, in order to take into account their different rationales, target groups and implementation methods. The proposed CPR is of the utmost importance as it will set the main rules that govern the above-mentioned funds for the forthcoming period. While the proposal builds upon the previous sets of rules covering the 2014-2020 period, it nevertheless introduces a number of innovations. It aims, amongst other things, to simplify and improve synergies between the different EU policy tools. Third edition. The 'EU Legislation in Progress' briefings are updated at key stages throughout the legislative procedure.
Adoption de la législation par le Parlement européen et le Conseil
Fonds européen pour les affaires maritimes et la pêche
sécurité européenne
politique migratoire de l'UE
Fonds de cohésion
droit d'asile
Fonds européen de développement régional
répartition du financement de l'UE
frontière extérieure de l'UE
proposition (UE)
European Council Conclusions: A Rolling Check-List of Commitments to Date
Transposition et mise en œuvre de la législation
Transnational clusters and the Danube macro-regional strategy
As geographical concentrations of enterprises, which work together in the same field to develop a high level of expertise, services and skills, clusters are hotbeds of innovation and play an important role in the EU economy. Known as transnational clusters when they involve actors from two or more countries in the same geographical area, clusters tend to generate higher employment growth than firms located outside clusters, and are estimated to account for a significant proportion of jobs in the ...
As geographical concentrations of enterprises, which work together in the same field to develop a high level of expertise, services and skills, clusters are hotbeds of innovation and play an important role in the EU economy. Known as transnational clusters when they involve actors from two or more countries in the same geographical area, clusters tend to generate higher employment growth than firms located outside clusters, and are estimated to account for a significant proportion of jobs in the European Union. Linking countries from across a wide geographical region, the EU's macro-regional strategies provide a useful framework to support transnational clusters. Launched in December 2010, the EU strategy for the Danube region (EUDSR) covers 14 countries that differ both in terms of their development and their relationship with the EU, including nine EU Member States and five third countries. With one of the major challenges in the Danube region being the uneven levels of innovation performance between the highly developed western part of the region and the less-developed east, transnational clusters have the potential to help redress this balance and to increase regional competiveness. The development of clusters is firmly supported by the EUSDR's action plan, which outlines a number of actions to foster clusters across the Danube region. This has led to several cluster projects, with a particular emphasis on the bio-based and agri-food sectors, building on the expertise of local enterprises in this field. The European Commission and academic experts have welcomed the progress made in the development of clusters in the Danube region in recent years, yet challenges remain, with issues such as funding difficulties, the lack of visibility of macro-regional strategies and declining political commitment all causes for concern. Future discussions on the content of cohesion programmes post-2020 provide a golden opportunity to highlight the potential of macro-regional strategies for fostering regional development and how transnational clusters can contribute to this process. This briefing has been produced at the request of a member of the Committee of the Regions, in the framework of the Cooperation Agreement between the Parliament and the Committee.
Better communication for cohesion policy
Cohesion policy is a major EU investment tool aimed at reducing regional disparities and achieving economic, social and territorial cohesion. It delivers a wide range of results in areas such as new infrastructure, training, job creation, support for small businesses and environmental protection. Communication is key when it comes to making the public aware of existing funding opportunities and informing them of the results of cohesion policy investments. It can also affect public perception of the ...
Cohesion policy is a major EU investment tool aimed at reducing regional disparities and achieving economic, social and territorial cohesion. It delivers a wide range of results in areas such as new infrastructure, training, job creation, support for small businesses and environmental protection. Communication is key when it comes to making the public aware of existing funding opportunities and informing them of the results of cohesion policy investments. It can also affect public perception of the EU and raise awareness of the positive impact of EU support on people's everyday lives. Improving the visibility of cohesion policy is therefore a salient issue for the EU. Communication measures range from requirements for fund managers and beneficiaries on the basis of EU legislation to more informal initiatives such as information campaigns, events and web portals aimed at publicising the policy's achievements. In the spirit of multi-level governance, communication activities bring together a wide variety of actors including EU institutions, Member States, regional and local authorities and members of civil society. The ongoing negotiations on the new multiannual financial framework for 2021 to 2027, including new regulations on cohesion policy, and the upcoming conclusion of the 2014-2020 programming period provide a good opportunity for reflection on the issue of cohesion policy communication.
Recherche pour la commission REGI - Situation économique, sociale et territoriale du Portugal
La présente note d'information a pour objectif de fournir des informations en vue de la visite au Portugal, du 27 février au 1er mars 2019, d'une délégation de la commission du développement régional du Parlement européen.
Marek KOŁODZIEJSKI
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