TAF 201 Module 1 12 Notes Tafseer of Surah Yaseen
Muhammad Ashiqul Hoque Abdullah
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ISLAMIC ONLINE UNIVERSITY
Tafseer 201
Modules 1 to 12 Notes
Bibi Hakh
These notes are based on the lecture as well as the text provided by IOU for this course. I hope you find
them beneficial inshaAllah. If you find any mistakes in any of my notes please contact me at
Ummhajer@gmail.com. Please remember me in your duas. Was Salaam
Contents for Tafseer 201 Surah Yaaseen
Module 1 - Introduction, Names of the Soorah ........................................................................................... 5
Virtues of Surah ........................................................................................................................................ 5
Module 2 - Tafseer of verse number 2-4 pp. 12-15...................................................................................... 8
Verse 2 By the Perfected Quran............................................................................................................. 8
Summary of Verse 2 - Wal Quran- nil Hakeem - By the perfected Quran .......................................... 10
Verse 3 and 4 - Truly, you are one of the messengers, 4 on a Straight Path. ......................................... 10
Summary of Verse 3 Innaka la minal Mursaleen ............................................................................. 11
Verse 4 Al-la siratim mustaqeem The straight path ......................................................................... 11
Module 3 - Tafseer of verse number 5 & 6................................................................................................. 11
Verse 5 A Revelation from the All-Mighty, the Most Merciful ............................................................ 11
6. In order that you may warn a people whose forefathers were not warned, so they are heedless ... 13
Verse 7 - Surely the Word has proved true against most of them, so they will not believe. ................. 15
8. Indeed, I have shackled their hands to their necks under their chins, so that their heads are
propped up ............................................................................................................................................. 17
Module 5 - Tafseer of verse number 9 11 ............................................................................................... 18
9. And I have put a barrier in front of them, and behind them, and I have covered them in darkness so
that they cannot see. .............................................................................................................................. 18
10. It is the same to them whether you warn them or you do not warn them, they will not believe ... 18
11. You can only warn him who follows the Reminder, and fears the Most Beneficent in private. Give
him the good news of forgiveness and a precious reward. .................................................................... 19
Module 6 - Tafseer of verse number 11 13 ............................................................................................. 21
12. Surely, only I give life to the dead, and I record what they do and its effects and I have recorded
everything in detail in a Clear Book. ....................................................................................................... 22
13. And tell them the parable about the residents of the town, when Messengers came to them. ..... 23
14. When I sent to them two Messengers, they denied both of them, so I reinforced them with a third.
They said: Indeed, we have been sent to you as messengers. ............................................................ 24
15. They replied: You are only human beings like ourselves, and the Most Gracious has revealed
nothing. You are only telling lies. .......................................................................................................... 24
16-17. The Messengers said: Our Lord knows that we have been sent as messengers to you 17 and
our duty is only to convey [the message] plainly. ................................................................................. 27
18. The people said: Indeed, we see in you an evil omen. If you do not stop, we will stone you or
make you suffer a painful punishment. ................................................................................................ 28
Module 9 - Tafseer of verse number 19 24 .............................................................................................. 28
19. They replied: Your evil omens are from yourselves! Is it because you were advised? Truly you are
transgressing people. ............................................................................................................................ 28
20. And a man came running from the farthest part of the town, saying: O my people! Follow the
messengers; 21. Follow those who ask no payment from you, and who are rightly guided. .............. 29
22. And why shouldnt I worship the One who has created me and the One to whom you will all be
returned. ............................................................................................................................................... 30
23. Should I take others as gods besides Him? If the Most Gracious wishes to harm me, their
intercession will not benefit me in the least, nor can they save me. 24 Then indeed, I would clearly
be in error.............................................................................................................................................. 31
Module 10 - Tafseer of verse number 25 31 ............................................................................................ 32
25. Indeed, I have believed in your Lord, so listen to me! .................................................................. 32
26. It was said: Enter Paradise. He said: If only my people knew! 27 that my Lord has forgiven me,
and put me among those who are honored ......................................................................................... 32
28. And I did not send against his people after him a host from heaven, nor did I need to send them.
29 It only took a single shriek and they were suddenly silent. ............................................................... 33
30. What a pity for humankind! Whenever a messenger came to them, they mocked him. ................ 33
31. Do they not see how many of the generations before them I have destroyed? Indeed, they will not
return to them. 32 And surely, every one of them will be brought before Me. .................................... 34
Module 11 - Tafseer of verse number 32 35 ........................................................................................... 35
33. There is a sign for them in the dead land. I give it life and I bring out of it grains, so that they may
eat from it. .............................................................................................................................................. 37
34. And I put in it gardens of date palms and grapes, and I caused springs of water to gush forth within
it 35 so that they may eat from its fruit, which their hands did not produce. Will they not, then, give
thanks? .................................................................................................................................................... 37
36. Glory be to Him, Who has created the earths produce in pairs, as well as their own kind, and that
which they do not know about ............................................................................................................... 39
37. And a sign for them is the night; I remove the day, and behold, they are in darkness .................... 40
38. And the Sun runs on its course to a place of settling. That is the decree of the All-Mighty, the All-
Knowing .................................................................................................................................................. 40
39. And I have fixed phases for the moon (to traverse) until it returns curved like an old date stalk ... 41
40. It is not possible for the sun to overtake the moon, nor for the night to overtake the day. Each of
them swims in a separate orbit. ............................................................................................................. 41
TAF 201 Tafseer of Surah Yaseen
Module 1 - Introduction, Names of the Soorah,
place of revelation, the virtues of the Soorah
Tafseer of verse 1
Tafseer Soorah Yaa seen by Dr. Bilal Philips pp 5-12
Why Tafseer of Surah Yaseen
Most popular among the Muslims
Sometimes referred to as the heart of the Quran
Title of Surah
Two letters of the alphabet Ya and Seen
Known as Surah Yaseen Prophet did not referred to this surah as Ya Seen
Title is not part of the revelation of the Quran
Title added at a later time not revelation
9th chapter of Quran known as Surah Taubah- forgiveness but also known as Surah Barraha
chapter of innocence
There were titles that the prophet given to some surah example Surah Fatiha or Surah Bakarah
Surah Fatiha Prophet called it Fatihatul Kitab
Hadeeth narrated by ibn Abbas creaking sound gate open in heaven today that was never
opened before angel descend an angel that never descended to earth before and given
Fatihatul Kitab and the concluding verses of Surah Bakarah - whenever you recited words of
them you will be given rewards identified these two chapters by name
9th and 10th century names of surah in them, juz, sections, symbols etc.
Mushaf compiled by Zaid ibn Thabit and repeated in time of Uthman and distributed across the
ummah these mushaf did not have names of chapters/surah
Surah names and symbols were added
Scholars, Al-Halleemee, at that time despised it based on Abdullah ibn Masoud
Place of Revelation Mecca or Madinah?
Knowing the time of revelation eg.- made something permissible or prohibited - will let us know
if the law is abrogated or a new law.
Meccan period of revelation
Style and content little with laws, dealt more with faith
Contents of surah when analyzed scholars say it is Meccan surah
Verse 12 considered to be Madinan Surah
Virtues of Surah
Some Surah given a certain value example Surah Iklas is equivalent to 1/3 of the Quran-
because the surah is focused on Allah who He is and who He is not
Some chapters are given special status
Surah Yaseen in the minds of people have a high status /special
Most people know it for the surah read for the dead
1. Recitation for the dead narration all fabricated or not authentic
Have literally the dying (your dead) repeat after you Laillahaillah Sunan abee Dawood, Muslim
Ghudayfah ibn al-Haarith ask for someone to recite Yaseen while reciting it he died. The
shaykh used to say If it is read near a dying person it will make his passing easier. narration
is not authentic
Whoever enters a graveyard and recites Soorah YaaSeen, Allaah will reduce his sins that day
and he will have good deeds for every letter from it. also false fabricated
Umm Salamah reported that the Prophet () said, If you are in the presence of a sick or dying
person, you should say good things for verily the angels say Aameen to whatever you say.
(Sahih Muslim) authentic
Among the good things can be to recite Quran and you can recite Surah Yaseen but your
intentions have to be pure not reciting it because of any fabricated hadeeth.
2. Heart of the Quran
Anas ibn Maalik quoted the Prophet () as saying, Everything has a heart, and the heart of the
Quraan is YaaSeen. Allaah records for whoever recites it the recitation of the Quraan ten
times. Inauthentic hadeeth due to several unknown narrators (hadeeth not usable)
3. Forgiveness of sin
Aboo Hurayrah related that the Messenger of Allaah () said, Whoever recites YaaSeen during
the night seeking the pleasure of Allaah, will be forgiven in that same night. Not authentic
4. Special needs
People feel if they recite Surah Yaaseen all they needs would be taken cared off.
Ataa ibn Abee Rabaah said, It reached me that Allaahs Messenger () said, Whoever recites
YaaSeen in the beginning of the day will find all his needs taken care of. (not authentic)
No authentic narration regarding the virtues of Surah Yaaseen
The Quran in general is a Shifa cure for sickness in the heart
We may read the Quran whenever we are depressed or sick or to reflect on Allah or on any
To assign special value, which the Prophet did not assign, to certain verses or certain Surah is
wrong and can be a bidah.
The Quran being used in this way (specific verse for specific sickness/problem) become a
business being abused a tragedy in the Muslim world today
It is important for us to put the Quran where it belongs in our hearts
The Quran as a whole we should have in our lives
An incidence where a companion came to the prophet and said another person recites Surah
Iklas in every rakaah The prophet called this man and ask him why he do this the man said
that because he loved this surah the Prophet affirmed this
So to read often any surah that we like is perfectly fine
No harm in reciting Surah Yaaseen regularly if it touches ones heart but have the right
intention we should not do so believing in the inauthentic narrations and expecting what the
inauthentic narrations said
Let us understand and reflect on the message of Surah Yaseen
Bismillah hir Rahman nir Raheem
at the beginning of each surah is not part of revelation and not considered part of the Quran
Was put there as a divider to know where the surah starts
Ya Seen
Two letter of 14 letter (Alif, Laam, Meem, Saad, Raa, Kaaf, Haa, Yaa, Ayn, Taa, Seen, Haa, Qaaf,
and Noon) used at the beginning of some surahs
Known - collectively called al-Huroof al-Muqattaaat (The Disjointed Letters).
Letters have no obvious meaning
Something new for the Arabs for it to come at the beginning
Arabs used letters in poem but it always comes after something indicating what it is meant
Even in hadeeth there is use of letters but again after something not before
The companions (early scholars Abu Bakr, Ali, and others) said that these letters, verses are
among the things whose meanings are hidden the mutashaabihat (unclear). Meaning known
only to Allah.
It is HE who reveal the verses to you in it are clear verses and the obscure (the mutashaabihat)
It is He who revealed the Book to you; in it are clear (muhkamaat) verses which are the essence of
the Book (umm al-kitaab) and others which are obscure (mutashaa-bihaat). As for those whose
hearts are twisted, they follow the obscure, seeking to sow discord and searching for its inner
meanings, but no one knows its inner meaning except Allaah. Those firmly grounded in knowledge
say, We believe in it, as it is all from our Lord. Yet, none will realize (this) except the wise. (Soorah
Aal Imraan, 3: 7)
Scholars say that they may have a meaning and reflected and said
o To catch the attention of the Arabs new style (but within the realm of eloquence) so it
would caught their attention
o Part of a challenge Allah pose to the Arabs these same letter that you use to make
your poetry the Quran is made of it but yet you are unable to imitate it.
o Vast majority of places right after it the Quran would be mentions
Ya Seen wal Quran ul Hakeem
Alif, Laam Meem, thalikal kitab
Presence of letters
o represent a part of the Quran whose meanings we do not know
o Done deliberately by Allah can become a place of fitnah for those who want to change
o The delve into these areas of obscurity and introduce ideas that are foreign to its
Other verses Muhqamat the clear verses
o Other people also claim that these verses are mutashaabihaat (obscure unclear
verses)
o Verses with Allah hands, face mentioned in the Quran, the Prophet recited them and
the Sahaba heard them and had no issues but later when Greek philosophy enter the
start to question and deny these verses deny their obvious meanings
o Eg. All Seeing they interpret it to mean He knows because All Seeing means one has
eyes and they do not want to attribute eyes to Allah
o All Hearing (implies He has ears) interpret their own way
o Greek Philosophy Allah is unknowable so they will reject all these attributes
o Allah said in Surah Shura verse 11 Lysa ca-miss lee hee-shai wa hu was samee-ul-
aleem There is nothing like Him and He is the All Hearer and the All Seeing.
o We accept Him as He is but also understand He is not like us
o Those who deviated
Shia attributed to their Imams special qualities
Sufi attributed to their saints similar qualities
o These deviant groups went back to the Quran and try to match their deviant believes to
the Quran by turning the clear text to obscure text
o This practice taking the clear verses and turn to obscure text the Prophet warned
Aisha reported that the Prophet said If you meet those who seek out the
obscure verses they are the ones who Allah has named in the Quran.
Example the Shia take the verse about where the two seas come together
Surah Rahman
They claim that the two seas are Ali and Faatima
What comes from the two seas are the pearl and the corals
Shia claim that it is Hassan and Hussein (it is not pearl and corals)
Module 2 - Tafseer of verse number 2-4 pp. 12-15
Verse 2 By the Perfected Quran
This is an oath
Mentioned of Quran immediately after the mention of the disjointed letters (challenge for
Arabs) and the support for this challenge is that the next verse Allah speaks of the Quran
Arabs used to use letters at end of sentence what preceded it explain it.
By the Perfected Quran
To do so by anything is forbidden
We are only allowed to make an oath by Allah wallahi
Allah swear by His Creations in many cases example - Buruj - stars, figs and olives Allah can
swear by His creations - not us
Oath is for emphasis attention grabber
Allah is speaking using Arabic grammar and terminology and common use of oath
Swearing by Quran to say something
Describe it as Al Hakeem
One of the names of the Quran an attribute or description of Quran
Hakeem means wise but has other meanings
Quran commonly described as the Holy Quran
Holy Quran - not bad term but taken from non-Muslims
Holy Quran and Holy Prophet common usage among Muslims
Allah never used this term not found in the Quran nor in the Sunnah
We should use the description that Allah used example Azeem, Qareem
Product of colonization the non-Muslims called their book Holy Bible
We imitate their practice which is not correct it can be considered bidah
The Quran is our holy book this is perfectly ok to say
To call the Quran The Holy Quran considered bidah
Correct this from following Islam as it was revealed free from changes brought about by
people who were not rightly guided
Good deed has to be one prescribed by Allah and His Messenger and done in the way the
Prophet did it both principles have to be present for it to be a good deed
Al Hakeem
Most of the classical scholars of Tafseer favored the meaning perfected,
Means both Muhkim and Mukham
Muhkim perfects
Muhkam it is perfected verses of Quran are Muhkaamat clear meaning free from
Nisa vs 42 Do they not reflect on the Quraan? Had it been from other than Allaah, they would
surely have found in it many contradictions.
Surah Hud - Alif-Laam-Raa. This is a Book whose verses are perfected and explained in detail by
One who is all-wise, all-aware. (Soorah Hood, 11: 1)
Hakim The ultimate judge
O you who believe! Obey Allaah and obey the Messenger and those in authority among you.
And if you differ in anything amongst yourselves, refer it to Allaah and His Messenger, if you
really believe in Allaah and the Last Day. That is better and more suitable for final
determination. (Soorah an-Nisaa, 4: 59)
Wise the way the verses are arranged a reading order to convey the message in the best
Why arent the verses in the order they were revealed?
Allah revealed the verses in response to situations happening in the prophets life
It came piece by piece appropriately
Jibreel told the prophet where to put what the order this order is in accordance of the
Quran which is in Lawhil Mahfooz
An order for reading and order for revelation
Had it been set up in the order of revelation then the reading would follow an unnatural
order for the reader
Affirms the miraculous origin of the Quran
Wisdom of the Quran
Using strong and harsh verses
Using soft verses at time
Reason are given in many cases for the commands
Example cover yourself so that they would be known and not harmed (reason given)
Prohibition of gambling, fortune telling etc. reason forbidden work of Satan plus it would
prevent us from Salaah, create enmity amongst us (when you lost in gambling you hate the
person whom you lost to)
Alcohol causes people to do things where their hatred heightened to harm person
Allah describe the wisdom behind the legislative laws in the Quran
Allah does not command arbitrary there is benefit for us
This makes us more accepting of the things Allah command where He does not give the reasons
the benefit maybe too deep for us to grasp so He does not tell us or it could be a part of the
test so he withheld the reason for the prohibition.
The tree which Adam and Eve was not allowed to eat from it was forbidden to them for a
reason maybe the fruit was harmful Allah prohibited it because of the harm in it
Not because we do not know the harm in it this should stop us to obey
There is wisdom in everything that Allah has created and command part of our trust in Allah
Are you submitting because you know the reason or because you believed in Me (Allah) and
trusted Me?
Critical thinking (Why?) is good but not with everything
Ali ibn Abi Talib if the religion was based simply on knowing reason then we would wipe the
bottom of our socks not the top but I saw the Prophet wiped the top and not the bottom.
Wisdom of Allah in Quran Style of presentation
Allah wisely introduced a new style in the poetry of the Arabs to catch their attention
Introduce a new style of presentation start a verse with a statement and end with Question or
Or start with a command and end with a prohibition or vice versa
Different but did not leave the realm of the eloquent introduce a new style
Verse begins with first person and ends up with third person this style later become part of
Arab poetry
Summary of Verse 2 - Wal Quran- nil Hakeem - By the perfected Quran
Allah swearing by the Quran
Hakeem a judge take our affairs back to the Quran and Sunnah
Perfect Muhkam Free from imperfections Allah challenges us to find imperfection
Perfecting perfects for human beings the way of life they should live
Verse 3 and 4 - Truly, you are one of the messengers, 4 on a Straight Path.
Purpose of the oath was to stress the fact that the prophet was among the messengers of Allah
Verse repeated in Quran elsewhere These are the signs of Allaah which I recite to you in
truth, and truly, you are one of the Messengers. (Soorah al-Baqarah, 2: 252) this is a Madinan
verse (came after Surah Ya Seen)
o This verse contains 3 grammatical instruments of emphases
o Inna, la and preceded by the oath
Why so much emphasis? Emphasizing that Allah send messengers Emphasizing that Allah
conveyed His message to Human kind
Allah cares about all of His creations He is not like us Allah sees His creation in the same way
unlike us we see them differently - we dont see the bigger picture
Allah in His wisdom created human being and did not leave them without guidance
This is from the mercy of Allah to provide guidance for us
He also created us with a consciousness of good and evil
Significance of messengers
To convey Allahs guidance to His creation (mankind)
Also as a rejection of the statement of the disbelievers - Those who disbelieve say: You are not
a Messenger. (Soorah ar-Rad, 13: 43)
A rebuke to the disbelievers who deny Prophet Muhammads messenger-ship.
Addressing the primary role of the Prophet last - the seal and the completion
The information he brought was not from himself
o Whatever the messenger told us is from Allah
o He did not speak from his own desires it was revelation
o Whoever obeyed the messenger has obeyed Allah.
Prophet described himself with respect to the other prophets
Hadeeth:I am among the prophets like a man who builds a house well and beautifies it, except
for the place of one brick in a corner. The people then began to walk around it and were amazed
saying, If only the missing brick were put in its place. He then said, I am the brick and I am the
seal of the prophets. (Bukhari)
This rejects the claim of Ghulam Ahmad as being the last prophet He said that when Allah
describe the Prophet in the Quran as katamun nabee yeen (sealed of prophet) he say katamul
means ring as ring beautify the hand it was the beautification of prophet hood so he claim
there is still room for him and claim he is the last prophet. Rejects authentic hadeeth
Understanding of sahaba also denies or rejects what he claims.
o Musaylama and others claims prophet hood Abu Bakr and other companions join forces
and fought them because of their claim
o Best of generations are the Sahaba so take the understanding of the religion from
Allah repeats this verse due to its importance and in different circumstances bringing out
different aspects of its meaning
o This is why story of Moses and Pharaoh is repeated several times in the Quran but every
time there is something different that is brought out.
Summary of Verse 3 Innaka la minal Mursaleen
Stresses the messenger-ship of Muhammad (saw) in opposition to those who deny his
messenger ship
Brings out importance of messenger Allah did send messenger
Brother hood of messenger-ship he was one among the messengers he was chosen to be the
last but the messengers as a whole represents one complete brotherhood
Verse 4 Al-la siratim mustaqeem The straight path
Meaning an upright religion, the religion of Islaam, or it could mean the path of the prophets
who came before,
The religion of Islam
The religion of the prophets that came before
Path which guides to Allah as described in And indeed, you are guiding the Straight Path, the
Path of Allaah. (Soorah ash-Shooraa, 42: 52-3)
Could be read with seen or saad or with za seerat or saarat or zeeraat
Siraat stressed by Allah in many places
Described as being straight free from any kind of crookedness
Siraat wide path encompasses a variety of different opinions and understandings that are
acceptable but within certain boundaries
Path open to other approaches
Path free from any kinds of issues or problems a perfect path
Problems we find with it is due to our creations of problems due to our limited or bad
understandings
Issues with path seek forgiveness and ask Allah for clarity means something is wrong with
the heart - When My Verses are recited to him he says: Fables of the people of old! No!
Instead their hearts have become tarnished by their sins. (Soorah al-Mutaffifeen, 83: 13-14)
Module 3 - Tafseer of verse number 5 & 6
(pp. 15-21)
Verse 5 A Revelation from the All-Mighty, the Most Merciful
Allah emphasize with the oath that Muhammad (saw) is a messenger of Allah
Message pure, correct without any fault the straight path human needs to follow
A revelation from the All Mighty, the Most Merciful
Tanzeel
Implies that the Quran was in portions and not all at one time
Surah Israh 17:106 - And it is Quran which I have divided into parts And I have revealed it in
Tanzeel from nazala describes the mode of narration of the Quran by Jibreel from the
Lawhil Mahfooz
Surah Nisa vs.82 Had it been from other than Allah there would have been many
o On a website begins with this verse but then said here are 100 contradictions
o One contradictions mentioned is that Allah says He revealed the Quran in portions and
in other verse Quran revealed in whole on night of Qadr
o Quran revealed completely in the heavens on Laila tul Qadr from Lawhil Mafooz to the
first heaven (baitul Izza) and from this station Jibreel took it verse by verse as
commanded by Allah to the Prophet
o Beginning of its revelation was in Ramadan
Tanzeel to send down, or to reveal
o Two elements of the revelation / sending down of the Quran
o From Lawhil Mafooz to Baitul Izza
o Revelation of Quran from Baitul Izza to the Prophet Angel Gibreel bring it down
Al Azeez
Taken from Izzah which means might Al Azeez means the Al-Mighty
The pagan Meccans derived from this same word Uzza name of their god Allahs attribute
personified
The Hindus personified the created power of god as Brahma (creator) Preserver (Vishnu)
Destroyer (shiva) attributes personified
Scholars divided His Might (Izzah) into 3 aspects to understand the full implications
1. Izzatul Qadr
Might in respect to His ability
Able to do anything and everything which doesnt contradict His divinity (things in
keeping to being a God) eg having a son, or being circumcise this is not divine
2. Izzatul-Qahr
He is the irresistible He dominates and have power over His creation
Confirms that everything that takes place is by His command even the evil
Allah allowed us to do evil after telling us what to do and what not to do.
If He did not allowed it (evil) then we would not have a choice and we would be like the
3. Izzatul-Imtinaa
The might of unaffectedness nothing can harm you
True might might in its completeness
His might covers everything and everything cannot do anything to Him
Ar Raheem the Most Merciful
Generally used to refer to the special mercy which Allah has reserved for the believers
And He is most Merciful to the believers
Allah creates Mercy in 100 parts and sent down only 1 part to earth mutual love among His
o Mankind likes animals
o Mothers are gentle to the cubs, their young ones
Remaining 99 parts of His Mercy are reserved to favour His believing servants on the Day of
Allah attributed the Quran revelation to His Might as a warning to those who disobey Him
and not follow His command
Tanzeel is in reference to the Quran
Obligations which Allah has placed in the Quran should be followed because Allah is Al Azeez
if we do not follow it He is able to punish us He is mighty, powerful we cannot escape that.
He is, at the same time, Merciful even in the command to cut off the hands and feet by
cutting person hands off you are being merciful to the society protecting the society from his
All of the punishment of Allah contains within it Mercy it protects the society
Another interpretation Tanzeel can be revelation or dispatchment
Instead of the perfected Quran a revelation from the Al Might
You the messenger dispatched (tanzeel) by the mighty and the merciful (tanzeel can also mean
dispatched)
Surah Talaaq 65:10, 11 Allah sent down to you a Reminder, a Messenger who recites to you
the verses of .
You are one of the messenger sent by Allah the Al Might Al Merciful
Allah will hold you accountable and the Sending of the Prophet as the Rahmatan lill alamee a
mercy to all mankind
6. In order that you may warn a people whose forefathers were not warned, so
they are heedless
There were prophets sent so why warn a people whose forefathers were not warned?
Referring to The period between the time of Ismael and the Prophet Muhammad fatrah
(between prophet)
During this period the message became distorted
Prophet Ismael was not sent to call all the people of Arabia
Prophet Jesus was not sent to the Arabs He was in the north- message restricted to that area
No organized and systematic presentation of the message to the Arabs
For the Jews many prophets came (Sulayman, Dawood eg) a number of prophets came but
none in the area of Mecca
The message they had in Arabia was just what trickled down from the prophets in other areas
When Prophet Muhammad (saw) came the practices were so different from the real message
Surah Sajdah vs 3 Or they say he has fabricated it (Muhammad saw) know that it is the truth
from your Lord who may warn a people to whom no warner has come before you in order that
they may be guided
Arabia state of idolatry
So they became headless
Due to the ignorance they were lost
Message was a challenge a treat to them
Message sounded strange to them so they did not accept it
Different ruling to deal with them and they are included with a group of people who the
message did not reach
There were some who the message reaches
Waraqa ibn Nawfal he was following monotheistic belief
Allah will not punish a people unless they true message come to them
o I will not punish people until I send a messenger to them. (Soorah al-Israa, 17: 15)
The Prophet identified certain individuals who the message reach and they will go to hell
because they got the message but did not heed it
Prophet pass by a grave, the horse reared up. The Prophet asked who were they and when did
they die they died in period of jahileeya. The Prophet said Were it not that they were buried,
I would have made you hear the punishment of the grave. If they died in jahileeya and is being
punished means that the message reached them but they did not obey, died in shirk
At no time did they ask Allah to forgive them they did good things but it was done for other
reasons pride
The Prophet () said, I asked Allaahs permission to visit my mothers grave and He permitted
me. Then I asked His permission to ask forgiveness for my mother, but He did not give me
permission to do so. We are only forbidden to ask forgiveness for those who die in a state of
disbelief this means she is held accountable = she must have received the message
Where is my father? and he replied, Hes in the hellfire. The man then left and the Prophet
() said, Bring the man back. When he returned the Prophet () told him, Indeed my father
and your father are in the hellfire.--> Means the message would have reached the Prophets
father but choose not to believe so he die in shirk
Father and mother and uncle of Prophet is going to hell it does not matter if you are a Sayed
(Sufi position)
Whoever is slowed by his works will not be hastened by his geneology.
Then, when the Trumpet is blown, there will be no kinship among them that Day, nor will they ask of
one another. (Soorah al-Muminoon, 23:101)
If a person does not believe then his family (geneology) would be of no help
People who did not receive the message Allah has a special rule for them
People who are insane, children, senile, those who die between two messengers
Children of believers do not necessarily go to paradise eg son of Noah, boy whose parents were
righteous but Khidr killed him.
For all those who did not hear the message
A judgment will take place for them on the Day of Judgment and Allah will be their messenger
Allah is their messenger
People will be given a choice and they will choose
Those who obey will go to Paradise and who disobey will go to Hell
Four [groups of people] will be brought [before Allaah] on the Day of Resurrection: the newly born, the
mentally insane, those who died in the period between two messengers, and the senile. Each will
present his case. Then the Lord will tell a flame from the Hellfire to come out. He will then say, I used to
send to My slaves messengers from among themselves. Today I am My own messenger to you. So
enter this fire. Those destined for Hell will say, Our Lord, how can we enter it when we were supposed
to escape from it? Then the ones destined to be happy will rush forth and jump into it without
hesitation. Allaah will say to those who refused, You would have been even more disbelieving and
disobedient to My messengers. Then He put the second group [i.e. those who obeyed Allaah and
jumped in] in Paradise, and the first group in the Hellfire.
Lessons:
Allah swear by the Quran
Affirming its importance
Living miracle of the Prophet that will stay with people until the last day
Reason for which Allah has sworn - To emphasize the messengership of the Prophet as an expression of
His might and greatness and at the same time expression of His mercy
Out of His Divine Mercy He sent books and revelation
Describes the book book of wisdom - Book which showed the straight path clearly
Clarifies the reason for most of the commandment explains the dos and donts
Prepares the reader to enter into another element of belief and disbelief
Shifting from the Quran and messenger-ship to punishment and the reason why punishment has been
Allah does not hold anyone accountable for their sins, for their errors / mistakes unless the message has
gotten to them
The message will come to every human being before Allah Judge them Justice of Allah
If they did not hear the message in this world they will get that opportunity in the hereafter
Completeness of this message and of Islam
Whose forefathers were not warned no Prophet for thousands of years
Distinct from the Jews who were warned consistently from the time of Abraham and Ismaeel
had Ishaaq and David, Solomon and so on message preserve because of this
In Arabia after Prophet Ismaeel there was no prophet
Arabs had idols
Concept of the people of fatrah interval between messengers and the those who did not
receive the message (senile, died as a child, havent heard message) how does Allah judge them
Verse 7 - Surely the Word has proved true against most of them, so they will not believe.
Means the word requiring punishment proved to be true became obligatory on them
No matter what they /we do they will not believe
Verse of comfort for the Prophet no matter what the Prophet do they will not change so
dont be sad about it
Punishment becomes obligatory for those who deserve it, so that no one can claim that Allaah
forced him to commit sins.
And if I had willed, indeed I could have given guidance to every person, but the Word from Me proved
true that I would fill Hell with jinn and humankind together. (Soorah as-Sajdah, 32: 13)
Reason why they would not believe?
It is a product of their choice
Surah Al Saff vs. 5 When they turned away from the path of Allah, then Allah turned aside
their hearts Allah did not fixed their state but He knew their state before He created them
Allah created some people for paradise and some for Hell Hadeeth
Everyone will find the way for which he was created made easy for him so
o If you choose the way to Paradise Allah will make it easy for you and
o If you chose Hell -> Allah will make it easy for you too
o So you chose it / the path and Allah made it easy for you
Allah looks into the hearts of His Creatures Human and Jinns those with choices guide those
who deserve guidance and leaves astray those who do not
Against most of them, (Soorah Hood, 11: 17)
Means most of people will be from among the Hell fire
Example: Abu Talib is in Hell because of his choice he had a great opportunity for Jannah he
raised and defended the prophet yet he did not choose to follow the Prophet
But most of the humankind do not believe.
Hadeeth: Who are the denizens of Hell? I will be said, They are nine hundred and ninety-nine
out of every thousand. and every pregnant one will drop her load, and you shall see
humankind in a drunken state, yet they will not be drunk, but the torment of Allah will be
severe. you would constitute one-fourth of the inhabitants of Paradise I hope that you will
constitute one half of the people of Paradise.
o Most people will not believe
o From the ummah of the Prophet who receive the message - they will be a large
o Other half or three quarter are from the followers of the other prophets
They will not believe,
clearest and greatest signs shown to them still they will not believe
Even if I had sent down to them angels, and the dead had spoken to them, and I had gathered
together all of creation before their very eyes, they would not have believed, unless Allaah
willed, but most of them behave ignorantly. (Soorah al-Anaam, 6: 111)
o Ultimate state of misguidance
o Nothing would reach them
o Example Pharoah he saw it all and yet did not believe, his magician saw the same but
Why did Allah create human being?
People not actually created for Hell
Those who enter hell would be shown the place that was for them in Paradise- making them
feel far worst to see what they lost out on
Those who enter Jannah would be shown the place that was for them in Hell making them
feel really good to know what they escape
So everyone had a choice and Hell and Heaven has a purpose
Allah knows what we would do (good or bad) but He still created us
Paradise created for the true believers they get to paradise according to Allahs wish, will and
Goodness can only appear if it is confronted with evil everything created in pairs sweet and
sour, black and white, good and evil, man and woman, darkness and light etc.
Reward those with Paradise for the good they did
1. Allah encourage us to seek refuge in Him we all have the potential to fall into the state of
punishment as our destiny
We do not know our destiny = there is no surety
Hadeeth some people will do the deeds of Paradise until he reaches a bows length away of
Paradise and then will do the deeds of Hell and they will dies in that state
Humble position seek refuge in Allah
2. Trust in Allahs wisdom why people go to Paradise. Allah created them knowing that the majority
of people will go to Hell
3. Comfort for the Prophet who was facing rejection by his people - 13 years in Mecca and only 300
+ people accepted Islam. In Madinah after treaty of Hudaybeeya 300 people accept Islam in one
event the whole clan accept Islam all at once
Indeed, you cannot guide whom you like, but Allaah guides whom He wills. And He knows best
those who are the guided. (Soorah al-Qasas, 28: 56)
8. Indeed, I have shackled their hands to their necks under their chins, so that their heads
are propped up
Literal meaning of verse I have put shackles on their necks but in this context it means
their hands were shackled to their necks.
According to Ibn Abbaas verse has same meaning as And do not let your hand be tied to your
neck. (al-Israa, 17: 29)
Meant that their hands are tied to their necks preventing them from stretching them out in
order to do good deeds
Hands tied to neck cant do anything for self
So that their heads are propped up
Means that their heads were raised up and their hand were placed over their mouths.
Hands are shackled to their neck head propped up way of humiliation these are people
who used to walk in this world looking down at everyone else now they are forced to keep
head up in this state
Some narration hands covering their mouth so cant even speak
State of humiliation because of their pride in this world majority that end up in hell will end
up in this state
1. Reminder to believers in this life you suffer (the people were suffering in Mecca at this time A
Meccan revelation) so they will not get away if not punished in this life they will get it in the next
Dont lose hope dont feel distress
Allah created it this way knowing that the majority will not believer
So rejoice that you have been chosen to be a believer to be one in a thousand to go to
2. Warning to disbeliever of the pitiful state of disbeliever in the next world perhaps some of them
would read this and wake up and change their lives
Coming verses Allah describe those who have rejected faith
Why most people go to Hell - Wisdom of it all Allah knows best
For us to have that test for the good aspect of the believer to come out one is put through the
test of having more disbelievers
Do not be deluded of the success of the disbelievers in this world their end would be hell
3. Encouragement for believers to be patient dont be tempted, or discouraged feel reassured that
you are on the right path
Al Furqan the distinction between right and wrong The Quran
To know the straight path we need to see the crooked path
Module 5 - Tafseer of verse number 9 11
9. And I have put a barrier in front of them, and behind them, and I have
covered them in darkness so that they cannot see.
I have put a barrier in front of them, and behind them,
Some scholars say - In front of them this world; Behind them the hereafter
Surah Fusilat vs. 25 And I have assigned for them companions, who have beautified for them
what was before them and what was behind them. (41: 25)
Other scholars say the opposite in front = Hereafter, behind = this world
Distance from faith and their inability to see it firmly fixed in disbelief not a physical barrier
I have covered them in darkness so that they cannot see,
means that their eyes are covered representing the blocking of the paths to faith
Spiritual cover the path of imaan is covered - blocking of the paths to faith
Allah set a seal on their hearts and on their eyes is a covering Bakarah 2:7
Hearts, hearing and sight Allah has sealed Nahl 16:108
Sins are evil omen for divine punishment
Gone astray locked up in sin good will appear evil and evil appear good
Seal result of their action
That is because they believed, then disbelieved, therefore their hearts are sealed, so they
would not understand. (Soorah al-Munaafiqoon, 63: 3)
o Righteousness leads to doing good sign of Allahs pleasure of the individual persist
in doing good
o Persistent in evil Allah sealed their heart- divine punishment
He increases the guidance of those who accept guidance and He bestows piety on them.
(Soorah Muhammad, 47: 17)
Whoever believes in Allaah, He will guide his heart. (Soorah at-Taqhaabun, 64: 11)
Disbelieve heart become seal those who arrogantly turn away from guidance
1. Weak in faith becomes stingy a sign of disbelief a warning for us
2. Those whose hearts are sealed due to a choice they have made
3. If we see that guidance/clarity of the straight path is not there, doubtful, unsure of what you should
be doing signs of going astray. Should sit with people of knowledge
Clarity of vision is natural consequence of firmness of faith.
The firmer the faith the clearer the vision of what this life is about
The weaker the faith the more clouded and confused it becomes
10. It is the same to them whether you warn them or you do not warn them,
they will not believe
Means Allaah has decreed that they will be misguided, so warning them will not help them,
nor will it have any effect on them
will not believe even if every sign came to them, until they see the painful torment. (Soorah
Younus, 10: 96-7)
To guide these kinds of people become almost impossible
But still we cannot give up we have to give them dawah
Change can happen gradually - as long as they are alive and still listening there is hope
Story of Ghaylaan the Qadarite
Example story of Ghaylaan the Qadarite promoting free will and denying Qadr
Others like him were executed by others caliph
Umar ibn Abdil Azeez continue to give him dawah
See text for details
1. Warning to the disbelievers
State will not change whether they are warned or not locked into that state
Clarification for the believer there would be many people like this so be patient
2. Reassurance for the Messenger Allah comforted the Prophet
It was already decree that they would be punished and would not believe
3. Warning until the last minute Prophet continue to warn the people even though hope was lost
o warning should continue even when hope is lost
o Warning should not be given if hope is lost - Therefore give reminders, if the reminder is
beneficial. (Soorah al-Alaa, 87: 9)
o Other scholars say we dont know if reminders would be beneficial so as long as they
would listen we should continue to give the message
o We have to convey the message and Allah take people to account
11. You can only warn him who follows the Reminder, and fears the Most
Beneficent in private. Give him the good news of forgiveness and a precious
reward.
Allah shift to the believers
You can only warn him who follows the Reminder,
Can only warn those who follow the reminder The Quran the believers
Those willing to follow the Quran will benefit from the message
Indeed, I have revealed the Reminder, and indeed, I will guard it. (Soorah al-Hijr, 15: 9)
Quran called the reminder
1. Contains reminders and exhortations.
2. News about the past and stories of ancient prophets beneficial to the heart are mentioned in it.
3. Mention of the conditions of people with respect to consequences and that they are divided into a
group going to Paradise and a group going to Hell.
4. Mention of the Arabs and gives them importance - It is indeed a Reminder/Mention for you and
your people, and you will be questioned about it. (Soorah az-Zukhruf, 43: 44)
a. Elevated the status of Arabs all nations were guided by the way of the Arabs
5. Mentions Allaahs divine law and its rules composed of commands and prohibitions. That is the
summary of the information of the past nations and the future state of people
Two principles:
1. Belief - in its contents and what they imply.
2. Action - Following its commands and avoiding its prohibitions live in accordance with it - Practice
Must understand what the Quran is saying
Also must reflect do they not reflect on the Quran or are their hearts sealed up
Believing in and following everything Picking and choosing what one wants to follow from the
Quraan negates the principle of following the Quraan.
Do you believe in a part of the Book and disbelieve in a part? (Soorah al-Baqarah, 2: 85 ) if
you do this means you are following your desires and not the Quran
and fears the Most Beneficent in private.
Khashiya
Means more than just khaafa (to fear)
Fear out of awe, out of respect so that they will be guided by the Quran superior fear
Fear based on knowledge of that which causes fear as well as respect for its greatness.
o It is only those who have knowledge among His slaves that truly fear Allaah. (Soorah
Faatir, 35: 28)
Fear as a result of weakness inferior fear
in private,
Person fears Allaah even though He is invisible to him or
Fear of the heart (ihsaan) as opposed to fear of the limbs physical fear
He does righteous acts hidden from people.
He fears Allaah in his heart this is the real fear superior fear
Fear in public acts maybe to impress others act of hypocrisy - could be act of shirk
Fear of Allahs creature (this kind of fear develop naturally in children)
One who truly fears Allaah must glorify Him whether people are present or absent
and fears the Most Beneficent in private,
Fearing Allaah by doing what is hidden from sight or hearing, fear of the heart.
Fearing Allaah with the heart is the foundation which every person must take into account and
be most concerned with
Greater consciousness is Fear of the heart as opposed to fear of the limbs
Give him the good news of forgiveness and a precious reward,
He deserves this because he benefited from the warning.
Sins will be forgiven and he will be rewarded with Paradise
Reward is from ten times to seven hundred times the value
Pleasures of Paradise are far more valuable than those of this world in all aspects
Indeed, those who fear their Lord in private will have forgiveness and a great reward. (Soorah al-Mulk,
67: 12)
Hadeeth 7 people being shaded on the Day of Judgment
1. A just ruler;
2. A youth who grows up worshipping Allaah;
3. A man whose heart is attached to the mosques;
4. Two men who love each other for the sake of Allaah, they meet on the basis of it and separate
on the basis of it;
5. A man who is invited by a woman of high position and beauty and he replies: Indeed I fear
Allaah;
6. A man gives charity and hides it so much so that his left hand is unaware of what his right hand
gave;
7. A man who remembers Allaah in private and his eyes become filled with tears.
All of these seven categories involve fearing Allaah in private; fearing Him from the heart as well
as from the limbs
Module 6 - Tafseer of verse number 11 13
Description of disbelievers and their state and how it is impossible for them to change because
they have chosen not to turn to Islam
Purpose of the messengers guidance to the straight path brought wisdom and guidance to a
people whom he will meet opposition
Most of them would not believe so dont lose hope
Anyone giving dawah will go through similar kind of people
Verse 11 Allah shifted to the believers and their qualities Allah describes those who would
benefit from the message of the Quran
Quran will benefit only those who fear Allah This is a book in which there is no doubt, a
guidance for those who fear / are conscious of Allah (Surah Bakarah).
2. Action - Following its commands and avoiding its prohibitions live in accordance with it -
Ar-Rahman mercy for both believers and non-believers
Ar-Raheem mercy specific for the believers
Fear Physical and Spiritual
Fears Allah both physical and spiritual
Physical aspect should reflect our fear
Spiritual most important real true fear which make the more fearful of Allah knowledge
which affects the heart and causes the individual to fear Allah with his heart
Children are upright and do good for fear of people
Civilization civil can control self this happens if you have true fear fear of Allah
Fear of limbs physical fear
Important to create in children a fear of God by linking everything back to Allah
Fear of Allah with the heart is superior to fear of the limbs
Fear in the heart foundation which everyone must establish in their lives
Concern to do the right thing live in the right way a way pleasing to Allah
Hadeeth indeed in the body is a clump of flesh if it is healthy then the whole of the body is
good. If it goes bad then all of the body is sick and it is none other than the heart
Another narration the Prophet pointed to his heart and say Fear of Allah is here
Without the fear of Allah we cannot follow the Quran it would be only a ritual for us
Fear Allah in private
Fear of Allah in private defines fear of the heart
Fearing Him even though He is invisible Ihsan
Real Fear of Allah - Fearing Allah in private do righteousness when no one can see us hidden
Fearing Allah in private distinguish the true believer from the hypocrite
Avoid sins evil corruption simply because they dont want Allah to be displeased with them.
12. Surely, only I give life to the dead, and I record what they do and its effects
and I have recorded everything in detail in a Clear Book.
Allah shift the focus to Himself and how both category would be dealt with
Reminder to the Prophet and those who follow him of the good news that they will be rewarded
(reinforcement of the previous verse)
Records those who disbelief it is not hidden - they will be exposed, they will be punished
Disbelief is like death spiritual death Allah can give life to the dead (the one who disbelief)
Surely We give life to the dead.
No escape from Allah they will be held accountable
Motivation to go on and do what is right they may get away with what they are doing in this
world but not in the next.
Blessing that Allah promised to those who fear Him from the heart in private
A reminder to the Prophet and those who follow him the good news of the good they do will
be recorded and rewarded (reinforcing the one who fears Allah privately will be given
forgiveness and reward)
Disbeliever will be exposed - they will be punished
Disbelief is like spiritual death Allah begins this verse that He give life to the dead (those in
disbelief)
Stresses He is the only One who can do this (give life to the dead) Inna, Nahno, nuhnee
repeated 3 times stressing it is only Allah who gives life to the dead
Allah referred to as We
Evangelist say this is proof of trinity that Allah referring to self as WE
We of veneration and honor
Known as the royal We use in the courts etc.
Stressing the status of the individual given them importance and honor
Allah can also give life to the dead but here it is referring to spiritual death / life
Give life to the dead
Allah can give life to the dead physically as well
Jesus give life to the dead with the help of Allah Surah Imran vs.9
The Christians say this is proof that Jesus is god
All the other miracles blind to see, cure of the leper, raises the dead, - these all mentioned in
the old testament so not new to Prophets
I can of my own self do nothing John 5:30
The founder of Christianity, Saul of Tarsus, wrote in Acts 2:22 regarding Jesus: Men of Israel, hear these
words: Jesus of Nazareth, a man attested to you by God with mighty works and wonders and signs which
God did through him in your midst, as you yourselves know
And I record what they do and its effects
Means that Allaah will record not only the deeds which people do, but also the effects of those
deeds on others.
What we do has impacts on others and we are rewarded for the good impact we make
Reinforce in Hadeeth Whoever starts something good in Islaam, will have a reward for it,
and a reward equal to that of everyone who does it after him, without decreasing their reward
in the slightest. And whoever starts something evil in Islaam, will bear the burden for that, and
a burden equal to that of everyone who does it after him, without decreasing their burden in
the slightest.
Son of Adam bear the burden for spilling blood he was the first to spill blood
Bear burden in full for themselves and the burden of those whom the mislead Ch 16:25
Ongoing deeds ongoing charity, knowledge which is beneficial to others, or a righteous child
who prays for him.
And We write their deeds,
Allah attributed the writing as His writing but it is the angels who write
But indeed, there are noble recording guardians appointed to watch you who know all that you
do. (Soorah al-Infitaar, 82: 10-12) shows that it is the angels who record
General implication encouragement for Dawah guide someone to good is like the one who
does it gets the reward
And I have recorded everything in detail in a Clear Book,
Source of All records
Two opinions for Clear Book
o Lawhil Mafooz most scholars considered this to be the meaning
o Book of deeds
Verse conclude with a reminder all that is done is recorded
Reminder to Prophet and his companions Bear the trials and tribulations those who harm
them would be punished. Allah is in control of everything and records everything
o an exception - from the Madinan time even though the rest of the surah is Makkan
o Revealed in regards to a particular tribe Salimah tribe
Rest of the chapter deals with Issues of fundamental faith tauheed etc
Allah begins with oath by the Quran
The Prophet is in fact the messenger of Allah
Consequences of those who reject that message
Rewards for those who accept message
Now Allah shifting into a story and about messenger sent to a town
It may seems disjointed
One may claim that the Quran is jumbled up common accusation
The Quran is Allah speaking to mankind different from a story book
When one speaks they dont speak like a story book
Context Allah speaking to human kind
One message Allah alone deserve to be Worship consequences Heaven and Hell
Worship involve acts of prayer and living a life according to the commandments of God
Obeying the laws in all aspect of life is worshiping Allah common thread
13. And tell them the parable about the residents of the town, when
Messengers came to them.
Parables are ways by which ideas are made simpler in life (turtle and hare slow and steady wins
race)
Allah love from us consistency even if it is small deeds more please to Allah
And tell them the parable about the residents of the town,
Comes in the form of a story
Story brought for a the message it contains - without the details of names of places and people
Story about messengers sent to a town
True stories not made up.
Lesson is in the story itself
Story of a town of the past who rejected the messengers who was sent to them
Purpose of the story
o Comfort for the Prophet he was under major opposition, rejection, called magician, tortured
companions etc.
o He is not alone generally when the prophet came their people rejected them
o Message for the believers and disbelievers
o Believers to hold their ground know what they are going through was experience by those
before them
o Disbelievers warning of the consequence for disbelief/rejecting the message
When messengers came to them,
Name of messengers not mentioned, nor name of place/town not important
Messengers sent by Allah from among the many messengers Allah sent
How many prophets were sent? The Prophet () replied, One hundred and twenty four
thousand in all and among them were three hundred and fifteen prophets with books. Quite a
large group.
14. When I sent to them two Messengers, they denied both of them, so I
reinforced them with a third. They said: Indeed, we have been sent to you as
messengers.
Allah supports His messengers by miracles or by companions or by providing other prophets eg.
Musa was given support with Haroon
They said: Indeed, we have been sent to you as messengers,
They informed the people that they are messengers
Message worship Allah and avoid false gods (16:36) one message shared by all prophets of
People to whom they were sent were idolaters
15. They replied: You are only human beings like ourselves, and the Most
Gracious has revealed nothing. You are only telling lies.
Response of the people
Invitation / message rejected by people
Two arguments reason for rejection
1. You are like us why should Allah chose you and not us an issue of pride not looking at the
o Messengers are from their own people speaking the same language
o Idea that these messengers are chosen by Allah reject based on pride
o Same reaction from the people of Noah not new this is how the disbelievers reacted
o People of Noah said: But the chiefs of his people who disbelieved said: He is no more than
a human being like you; he seeks to make himself superior to you. Had Allaah willed, He
surely could have sent down angels. We have never heard such a thing from our ancient
forefathers. (Soorah al-uminoon, 23: 24)
Hunafa plural of haniff
People who used to go out in the desert and worship God
They did not worship idols
The prophet was one of these people before becoming a prophet
Angels as Messenger?
If it was an angel as a messenger would anyone doubt him most likely not
Allah would not send a messenger from the unseen world
If all messengers were angels would anyone disbelieve NO no test
No test so belief / imaan would have no meaning
Test of this life would be lost
Test is to belief in the messengers and the message they bring
Allaah knows best with whom to place His Message. (Soorah al-Anaam, 6: 124)
Allah knows best, He know mankind, He knows the present, and the future
He chose Muhammad (saw) from among the Arabs because they best could carry the message
to the rest of the world
Allah always sent a messenger from among the people
If there were angels walking on the earth Allah would have sent angels as messengers 17:95
Rejection of messenger 2 reasons
Prophet was a man just like them You are only human beings like ourselves
Reject Allahs revelation
And the Most Gracious has revealed nothing. You are only telling lies,
Complete denial of messenger-ship without any evidence to support their denial
Common argument people hold God has revealed nothing
Did no warner come to you? They will say: Yes, indeed a warner did come to us, but we
denied him and said: Allaah never revealed anything. (Soorah al-Mulk, 67: 8-9)
They did not give Allaah the value due to Him when they said: Allaah did not reveal anything
to any human being. (Soorah al-Anaam, 6: 91)1
Did not give Him the proper status.
Implied devalued Allah. Accused Him or described Him in a way that lowered His status
Common argument of those who deny religion this world is just a speck
They are reducing Allah to being like themselves
They did not give Allaah the value due to Him.
Their arguments against religion are:
1. The world and human beings are too insignificant in the universe for God to be bothered with.
2. All religions claim their teachings are correct and everyone else is incorrect.
3. Religions are the source of wars in the world.
4. False teachings in all the major religions are proof that they are all man-made
There is design everywhere Allah created this world with design it was not accidental
Most people accept there is a God
Deism which simply states that God created the world and left it to run on its own
The process by which human beings are informed is known as revelation and the one who
receives the revelation is called a prophet/messenger, and the way of life by which human
beings may realize their purpose is called the True Religion of God.
Verse 15 continued
A parable in story format 2 messengers sent, rejected then 3rd sent
Message to obey / follow one God - rejected based on 2 reasons
1. Messenger human being (they wanted angel). If angel sent no trial
2. Allah did not reveal anything the messengers are lying
People belief in God but not in a religion Their reasons are as follows:
Reducing God to human being
Contained an accusation against Allah He was acting frivolously
Did you think that I had created you frivolously? (Soorah al-Muminoon, 23: 115
Whatever Allah does he does it with good reasons
If human beings were not told of their purpose they would not know what to do eg. When you
make machine you make manual with it and to set it up, send technician to install common
sense that one need guidance. Allah created us and give us that guidance
Had he not sent messengers would make Him inferior to us
There is purpose in creating us For us to know this purpose Allah send both the message and
the messenger (manual and technician)
Belief in God necessitate belief in the messenger and the message
2. All religions claim their teachings are correct and everyone else is incorrect
Their conclusion all religion wrong, no one is correct
They rule out the possibility that one could be correct and all the others are wrong
The correct religion can be determined by examining the claims of each and judging whether or
not they fulfill the criteria of the True Religion of God.
3. Religions are the source of wars in the world
Iraq, Afghanistan, Chechnya, Libya, Syria
Add up all the people who died from religious wars not anywhere near a million
Big wars world war I 17 Million people died (7 million civilian and 10 soldiers) not a
World war II 62 Million died lower estimate; higher estimate 80 million 40 million civilian and
22 million military not a religious war
This argument that people are losing their life because of religion is baseless
Weak argument how does one determine what is false what criterion?
Teachings have to be looked at objectively not subjectively
Teachings should come from a practical and logical perspective of human experience
Criminal system is a real failure
Benefit prove that it is a good law
Use a lesser evil/harm (example cut off hand of thief) to prevent a greater evil - harm done is
greater evil
16-17. The Messengers said: Our Lord knows that we have been sent as
messengers to you 17 and our duty is only to convey [the message] plainly.
They did not go into any argument with the people Allah is sufficient as a witness
They focus on delivering the message.
Regardless of what the people say, Allaah knows the reality of their situation and that is all that
matters to them.
Their responsibility was only to clearly convey the message not to make / force people to
accept Islam Guidance is with Allah.
Same responsibility placed on all messengers and all of us
Duty is to convey the message They try to guide people by Irshad (see below)
Convey the message guiding them providing a clear picture of what is expected of them
Islam is a spiritual choice everyone has to make that choice for themselves
All of us have a Qareen one from the Jinn who urges us to do evil
One from among the angels who are assigned to us to guide us
Hadeeth in Musnad Ahmad: A parable of a straight path.
o On either side is a wall with open door and curtain hanging down over the open
doorways. At the top of the path there is a caller saying go straight all of you on the
path and do not deviate. Above him is another caller whenever anyone tries to open
any of these doors he says: woe to you do not open it for if you do so you will go
through it. The path is Islam, the open doors are the things Allah forbidden. The
curtains hanging over the doorways are the limits of Allah. The caller at the top of the
path is the Quran and the one above him is one who admonishes for Allah sake and is
present in each Muslims heart.
Sometimes called Ilhaam (inspiration) from Allah
The prophets response Allah knows we are messengers and our job is to convey the message
Guidance comes in different ways revelation, true dreams to the Prophet etc
See the text (pg. 42 to 46) for details on the 10 different types of guidance
- The first 3 - Allah speaking directly to His slave (Musa), revelation from Allah, sending a
messenger from the angels to human (hadeeth of Jibreel) these 3 specific to Prophets only
- Premonition (tahdeeth), Ifhaam (grant understanding), General clarification (bayaan), Grace
(tawfeeq), Guidance of hearing (Al Ismaa), Inspiration (Ilhaam), true dreams
There are two types of guidance:
o Irshad - guidance of enlightenment and clarification, and give Dawah this is what we have
o guidance of tawfeeq [being granted success in following that guidance] comes from Allah
To convey [the message] plainly
The responsibility of messengers and prophets to present the complete message in the clearest
Hadeeth: I have left you on a clear white plane whose day is like its night. Whoever deviates
from it will be destroyed.
18. The people said: Indeed, we see in you an evil omen. If you do not stop, we
will stone you or make you suffer a painful punishment.
The people said: Indeed, we see in you an evil omen
Evil omen- tatayyara - comes from the verb taara which means to take flight.
Custom of Arabs before they set out on journey they would watch the turning of how the birds
flies turn to the right = good luck; turn to the left = bad luck --> omen
Taking of omens forbidden in Islam
Hadeeth: Omen taken is shirk leave it; dont do it
Hadeeth: If there had been evil omens there would be in three horses, women and homes
Dua for good and protection from evil:
Allaahumma innee as-aluka khayrahaa wa khayra maa jabaltahaa alayh wa aouthu bika min sharrihaa
wa sharri maa jabaltahaaalayh. [O Allaah, I ask You for the best of her and the best of what You have
made a part of her nature, and seek refuge in You from her evil and the evil You have made a part of her
nature.]
If you do not stop, to stop inviting them to abandon their customs
We will stone you, means, We will kill you,
or make you suffer a painful punishment. - We will make you suffer a painful punishment of which
the worst would be stoning to death.
This parable was to let the Prophet know that he is not alone the other messengers went through the
same not new
Death treats dont stops will kill you
Stages of treatment of the Prophets from the disbelievers:
Win him over
Pressure boycott
19. They replied: Your evil omens are from yourselves! Is it because you were
advised? Truly you are transgressing people.
Response to townspeople accusation
They replied: Your evil omens are from yourselves!
Evil omen is due to their disbelief
This is the response of the messenger to the people
Allahs promise not punish anyone until a messenger sent to them with the message
Evil which befall them, after being warned what they cause on themselves
If they believed the impending evil would vanish and no punishment would befall them
Is it because you were advised,
Deleted from this phrase is: that you took an evil omen from us and threatened us with
They are being warned of a greater impending evil
They should have looked at the messengers as savior
Truly, you are transgressing people,
Insisted on continuing in their path and rejected the message
Attributed any evil that would befall them to the messengers
Transgress in 3 ways:
1. Disbelieved in the messengers without any basis for doing so
All Prophets were given something that would convince the people of their prophethood eg.
2. Took evil omens from the messengers when the messengers were, in fact, good omens
If the people of the towns had believed and had piety, certainly, I would have opened for
them blessings from the heaven and the earth, instead they declared the messengers liars.
So I afflicted them for what they earned. (Soorah al-Araaf, 7: 96)
Rejection, extreme position, their transgression they would be destroyed
3. Threatened the messengers with harm
Messengers bringing salvation for them a message of guidance words
They threatened with death
20. And a man came running from the farthest part of the town, saying: O my
people! Follow the messengers; 21. Follow those who ask no payment from
you, and who are rightly guided.
A man - Name not mentioned
And a man came running from the farthest part of the town
Indicates the strength of his love for good and his desire to repel evil.
Sincere concern for good came fast when he heard the people rejecting the messengers
Left the area of city and came running to defend prophet and declare his faith to convince the
people to do the same
Saying: O my people! Obey the Messengers.
He address them positively he did not use harsh terms like foolish people
Whenever calling people to Islam use gentleness
Whenever gentleness is in a thing it beautifies it and whenever it is withdrawn from something
it defaces. Hadeeth
If you were hard hearted people would have fled from you Allah told the prophet
To reach out to people we have to be gentle
Did not say O my brothers no brotherhood between believers and non-believers
Follow the Messengers,
Means follow their instructions regarding faith and righteous deeds
I revealed to every messenger I sent before you that there is no god worthy of worship besides
Me, so worship Me. (Soorah al-Anbiyaa, 21: 25
Message - Allaah was uniquely one, He alone deserves worship. Allaahs Unique Oneness
necessitates the restriction of worship to Him alone
Worship in all aspect of life not only in religious aspect
Ibn Taymiyyah summarized worship as the comprehensive term for every statement or deed,
internal or external, which Allaah loves and is pleased with.
Follow those who ask no payment from you,
They seek their reward from Allah
Shows the sincerity of the messengers logical reason to believe in them
O my people! I dont ask you any wealth for it, my reward is only from Allaah. (Soorah
Hood,11: 29)
And they are rightly guided,
Second reason why the people should believe in the messengers
Known as good people; righteousness actions
Why are they putting their life in danger to give you this message they are not asking for pay
The man give them rational reasons for accepting them as messengers of Allah
22. And why shouldnt I worship the One who has created me and the One to
whom you will all be returned.
And why shouldnt I worship the One who has created me,
He didnt say: Why shouldnt you worship? subtleness in the dawah
Goes back to Ruboobeeya should lead us to worship Allah alone out of gratitude
Allahs dominion over all things He is in control of everything and all that He has given us
we should praise Him and thank Him (subhanAllah, Alhamdulillah)
O humankind! Worship your Lord, who created you and those who were before you so that
you may become pious. (Soorah al-Baqarah, 2: 21)
Yet they have taken besides Him other gods (for worship) who created nothing but are
themselves created. (Soorah al-Furqaan, 25: 3)
And to Him you will all be returned,
After your death to be rewarded or punished for your deeds in this life
Refusal to accept the message would cause them to be punished in the next life
No account after death, life becomes meaningless
Resurrection and judgment is a necessity for this life to make any sense
Concept of punishment is necessary without it this life (to do good and avoid evil) becomes
meaningless it becomes an animal life, survival of the fittest
This life has to have consequences
Do not let their wealth or their children amaze you in reality Allaahs plan is to punish them
with these things in the life of this world, and that their souls be taken while they are
disbelievers. (Soorah at-Tawbah, 9: 55)
Money does not save one from the trials of this life example Princess Diana, stars most are
on drugs etc.
Belief in a just God necessitates a judgment just belief in a wise God necessitates prophethood
and organized religion
23. Should I take others as gods besides Him? If the Most Gracious wishes to
harm me, their intercession will not benefit me in the least, nor can they save
me. 24 Then indeed, I would clearly be in error.
Causing them to reflect if Allah wish harm for them can their idols benefit, prevent, protect
them from harm
Their tradition not rational they just inherited to believe in idols
Should I take others as gods besides Him?
Questioning them about the basis on which they justified taking others as god
And when it is said to them: Come to what Allaah has revealed and to the Messenger, they
reply: What we found our fathers following is enough for us, even though their fathers had no
knowledge whatsoever and no guidance. (Soorah al-Maaidah, 5: 104)
And when it is said to them: Follow what Allaah has revealed, they reply: Instead, we will
follow what we found our fathers doing, even though Satan invites them to the torment of the
Fire. (Soorah Luqmaan, 31: 21)
Whenever truth brought to them they take it back to tradition. Muslims doing the same
they ask if their parents were wrong
And they said: If it had been the Will of the Most Gracious, we would not have worshipped
them. They have no knowledge whatsoever of that. They do nothing but lie! (Soorah az-
Zukhruf,43: 20) confusing Allahs legal and creational will
Legal will what Allah wants us to do and what he wants us not to do His commands
Creational will we cannot do anything without His permission
o Allah allow us to do the things we want to do even evil so we have a choice if He
did not allow us to do what we want to do then we would have been like angels
If the Most Gracious wishes to harm me, their intercession will not benefit me in the least, nor can
they save me.
Idols cannot do anything they would not be able to intercede or help in any way
Only Allah prevents harm and brings good so why worship these idols?
The only one to worship is the one who can bring good
From no perspective do the idols deserve to be worshipped
If the Most Gracious wishes to harm me
o Calling Allah the Most Merciful/Gracious even when He Harms us there is good in the
harm sometime to prevent a greater harm
o Allah is most Merciful regardless of our circumstances
Corruption has appeared on land and sea because of what the hands of men have earned, that
He may make them taste a part of that which they have done, in order that they may return.
(Soorah ar-Room, 30: 41)
o This is the mercy in Allah he make them suffer so they reflect and come back to the
right path as opposed to wipe them all out
Their intercession will not benefit me in the least, nor can they save me
If Allah wishes harm the idols cannot save them
Hadeeth: Evil is not attributed to You (Allah) the evil of what you created
Here the believer is attributing evil directly to Allah should not be the case
Then indeed, I would clearly be in error.
The believer, in all of his arguments, uses himself to get the message across in a gentle way, indirectly
- We need to apply this when doing dawah
- Use indirect approach so they dont feel singled out and attacked
- Convey the message
Accusation of messenger of being evil omen should fall on the people themselves
Necessity for those who understand the truth to step forward and convey the message of Allah
Who is better in speech that one who calls to Allah and does righteous deeds I am from those who
Declaring ones faith in public, conveying that message is required of each of us
If we believe in Allah there will be a time when our faith would be tested publicly
Man from the farthest part of city came to defend the messengers explaining logically to the
people why they should worship Allah alone and give up worshipping idols
Module 10 - Tafseer of verse number 25 31
Page 57 to 67
25. Indeed, I have believed in your Lord, so listen to me!
Final statement - Man announcing his belief
He put himself directly as a follower of the messenger put himself in a position where he may
be harmed because he has believed
Belief - Eemaan
Belief in that time meant as it means today Concept of belief never changed
Belief in heart, stated on the tongue and acted upon by the limbs 3 components of belief
Have to verbalized what is in the heart and then have to act upon this belief
All deeds of the heart and limbs are acts of Eemaan
Eemaan increases with obedience and decreases with disobedience
Eemaan has branches and levels, some of which, if abandoned, are disbelief, while others are
sins minor and major yet others [cause] a loss of reward
So listen to me!
Openly calling them to belief in Allah
Announces his faith and confirming that the message has been delivered
And who is better in speech than he who invites to Allaah, does righteous deeds, and says: I
am one of the Muslims. (Soorah Fussilat, 41: 33)
Shows that he fears none but Allah
your Lord,
Still giving dawah
Their Lord and his Lord is the One Lord it is only Allah who created everyone
Allah is everyones Lord - His Dominion (Ruboobiyyah) encompasses all of His creation
26. It was said: Enter Paradise. He said: If only my people knew! 27 that my
Lord has forgiven me, and put me among those who are honored
It was said: Enter Paradise.
After he declared his faith he was murdered by the townspeople
Angels welcoming him to enter Jannah
Told to enter Paradise indicates that he is considered a martyr
Martyrs and righteous enter paradise
When your brethren were killed [on the day of Uhud], Allaah placed their souls inside green
birds which drink from the rivers of Paradise and eat from its fruits. Then they retire to the
golden lamps hanging from the shade of the throne
Martyrs will end up in Paradise except if one has a debt
Souls of the believers become birds in paradise and
Souls of the martyrs become the souls of the birds
He said: If only my people knew! 27 that my Lord has forgiven me
If only my people knew - Shows his care and love for his people
Allah has hidden his sins, forgive him
Forgiveness here means hiding sins and overlooking them
Uses term My Lord not communicating with them just expressing realities of situation
and put me among those who are honored
the fact that he has been placed in paradise at this stage shows he was honored
28. And I did not send against his people after him a host from heaven, nor did
I need to send them. 29 It only took a single shriek and they were suddenly
silent.
Allahs angered is earned by transgressing the messengers and the allies of Allah
Revenge was very swift Allah did not delay it
Allah did not send an army of angels
It was only a thunder (a single shriek a sound that made them deaf and wiped them out)
A common pattern of people messengers faced with resistance from the people and killed the
Allah destroyed people in different ways
Final consequences end of this story
As people turn away from the message of Allah, face resistance, many killed and Allah took
revenge for them
30. What a pity for humankind! Whenever a messenger came to them, they
mocked him.
Summary of what goes on
This is in fact the common pattern
Allah informing the Prophet and the believers this is the standard pattern
There is difference of opinions who said this
Story told to give comfort to the Prophet when he was facing the trials these messengers faced
Cause for their sorrow and also indicating that the nations all rejected the messengers
Reassure the prophet (he is not the only messenger being rejected or mocked) and as a warning
to the Quraysh at the same time
they mocked him.
Mocking standard
Rejection not only rejection of message but also of the individual who brought the message no
matter how respective the person was. The prophet was known as Al Ameeen
Common way of the people of the past
Except the people of Jonah(Yunus) he was the only one who was accepted - his people accepts
the message sent to 100 thousand people and they believed Surah Safffaat 37:147-8
Ridicule standard pattern of the people
Mocking an act of disbelief
Say: Was it at Allaah, His revelations and His Messenger that you were mocking? Make no
excuse; you have disbelieved after you believed. (Soorah at-Tawbah, 9: 65-6)
o Verse use as evidence that those who mocked the Messengers have disbelieved
Ridicule of Prophets or of the Shariah is an act of disbelief
Consequence for ridicule value of their deed would be lost
o That is because they disliked that which Allaah revealed; so He has made their deeds
fruitless. (Soorah Muhammad, 47: 9)
Rejection/ mockery of part of the scripture is an act of disbelief Baqarah 2:85
Dislike what Allah revealed also an act of disbelief Muhammad 47:9
Ridicule of shariah they ridicule Islam disbelief will make deeds fruitless
o And whoever of you apostates from his religion and dies a disbeliever, then his deeds
will be lost in this life and in the Hereafter, and they will dwell in the Fire forever.
(Soorah al-Baqarah, 2:217)
Whenever a messenger came to them, they mocked him.
The old testament is a mockery of the Prophets
Describing the prophets as committing adultery, incest, drunkenness all this is mockery
Provided an attitude of rejection of scriptures
Leads to secularism
Western civilization developed common mockery to everything, jokes about God, about the
Prophets, - nothing is sacred
Mockery has been an ongoing thing cartoons, calling the prophet pedophilia, etc.
Today to defend Islam labels one as a fundamentalist, terrorist etc
31. Do they not see how many of the generations before them I have
destroyed? Indeed, they will not return to them. 32 And surely, every one of
them will be brought before Me.
Do they not see how many of the generations before them I have destroyed? Indeed, they will not
return to them.
Allah speaking
For the disbelievers to learn a lessons from those who Allah destroyed of the previous nation
One life in this world will not come back to this world to let the disbelievers know their claim
of reincarnation is false
Reincarnation - There is nothing but our life of this world! We die and we live! And we are not
going to be resurrected! (Soorah al-Muminoon, 23: 37)
Hindu samsara and karma they belief judgment takes place in this life
Karma - good and evil one finds in this life is a product of previous lives
Samsara -belief in the transmigration of souls
This verse denies this belief when we die there is no coming back resurrection takes place in
the next world
Some earlier prophets resurrected the dead
Young man who is appeared that Dajjal killed would be resurrected in this life
Signs of the consequences for disobeying Allah
Past civilization now are honored their idols are dug up and put in temples of ancestors worship
museums then do tours (tawaf), taken around by tour guides (specially trained priests), have to give an
offering (entrance fee)
Surely, every one of them will be brought before Me.
Allah reaffirms His might
Allah will gather all of the creatures of this planet / world for judgment
Reminder for the believers to prepare for the day of Judgment
Threat for the disbelievers dying is not an end of everything.
There is justice if it dont happen in this world it will happen in the next
What answer did you give to the messengers? 124,000 sent
Believers will be asked about the things made obligatory for them the first thing would be
prayer / salaah.
Hadeeth - look at my slaves prayer if complete will be recorded as complete. If incomplete
look and see if he has done any voluntary prayers then complete my slave obligatory with
voluntary (sunnah) prayers then the rest of deeds examine in the same manner
o this hadeeth encourages us to do the sunnah acts associated with compulsory acts
o Sunnah prayers, sunnah zakaat charity, sunnah fasting during the year, sunnah Hajj
called umrah
o Shows the importance of doing the sunnah acts
Hadeeth of Ibn Masoud the son of Adam would not be dismissed from before his Lord on the
day of Resurrection before question about 4 things
o How he spent life
o How he earned and used his wealth hallal - rewarded or haram - punished?
o How he used his youth
o How he acted upon the knowledge he acquired what did we do with it? Did we apply
o reminder for us of how we look at our lives at various points
Purpose of knowledge is to strengthen our Faith in Allah and our practice based on that faith
1. Dawah in groups is more effective people doing dawah would be more encouraged, feel stronger,
feel more capable when in a group
a. Practically one on one is more effective than Dawah to a group
b. Those who are going to give Dawah is good to be in a group but talking to an individual is
easier than talking to a group or to more than one person
2. The message of Tawheed should be the focus of our Dawah this is what the messengers and their
supporters brought to the people. This is the essence of Islam
a. Success and failure depends on this focus on this not side issue such as hijab, polygamy
b. This is the key to salvation
3. One will have to be patient once message is given - be patient
a. Good to be optimistic believers are not pessimistic but expect rejection
b. Rejection is the norm dont go in with false hope
c. Have hope and keep trying
4. Know the basic arguments of those who reject faith the focus should be on the deist not atheist
a. Atheist are few
b. The vast majority believe in God but do not believe in the religion of God so they reject the
c. The statement people made today are the same statement made as mentioned in the Quran
thousands of years ago
5. Should not appear to make a business out of Dawah
a. Dont tell people to buy this and that to get money out of things will affect dawah
b. Why dont you believe in the people who are not seeking any payment for what they are
telling you people will listen to those who are sincere
c. Sign of sincerity is that you are doing good without seeking reward a big sign
d. It is ok to work as a Dawah and get paid you will be doing what Allah loves and earn at the
6. Cooperate with each other in righteousness and god fearing / consciousness
a. When you see others doing good come to their defense unless these people belongs to a
deviant group. If their approach is different we can work with them
7. Gentleness should be the dominant feature of our dawah
a. Do not over react when someone curse the Prophet do not curse or hit the person to do
that you have sunk to their level and no message would be given
b. Look at how the Prophet did dawah he was cursed and called so many names but he still
c. Try to find a ways and means to reach these people or at least walk away
d. If the ignorant address you tell them salaam leave them peacefully
8. Focus on the reward not their rejection
a. If you focus on their rejection you will become discouraged, and despondent and you would
not be able to keep up the dawah
b. Focus on the reward the reward is in conveying the message
c. When you think that one is not listening ideas may still go in their head and later they
d. Gobin Singh the first to strike the blow to destroy the Babree Mosque in India he accepts
Islam and made a vow to rebuild 100 masjid in India to replace that one he destroyed.
9. Convey the message our responsibility is to convey the message in the best way not to make
them believe
a. Convey it in a logical way a way that people would understand
b. Call to the way of your Lord with wisdom (from the past, from the sunnah, from life)
c. Appropriate time and knowing their background so give wisely
10. Important for us to take account of ourselves before Allah takes account of us
a. We do not know how much time we have
b. What are we doing with our lives, with the knowledge we have gain, with our youth
c. How did we get our wealth and how are we spending it
d. We need to answer these questions in this life
Conclusion of the story of the messengers sent to a disbelieving people
Means of comforting the Prophet who was experiencing what they had experienced
Allah reminded him that those who came before him suffer the same rejection, oppression
Reminders to the believers in general to what they will inevitable face
Change switch from narrative to a call to Tawheed Ar Rooboobeeya
To the dominion of Allah over His creatures
Tread worshiping Allah, Mans relationship to Allah. Ibadah should governs all aspect of relationship
There are signs in nature if we should only reflect
33. There is a sign for them in the dead land. I give it life and I bring out of it
grains, so that they may eat from it.
A metaphor containing evidence for the existence of a Creator and for Resurrection and
Dead lands, dry trees comes alive when rain falls the same way mankind will be brought back
Just like how Allah can bring the land back to life after death the same way He can do so to
Among His signs is that you see the earth barren; but when I cause rain to descend on
itIndeed He is able to do all things Fussilat 41:39 Allah causes rain to fall
Bringing back of the dead earth to live is a sign of our resurrection man will be resurrected the
same way
Focus on the blessings of Allah rain, fruits, land
Then tell Me about the water that you drink. Is it you who caused it to fall from the rain-clouds
or am I the cause?... saltyso why not give thanks? Waaqiah 56:68-70
o When we look at the world around us We should see the greatness of Allah and reflect
o People can cause only certain clouds to generate rain - only done by Allahs will too
Allah wants people to understand His Might
He wants us to be grateful and thankful for what He has given to us This world is a blessing
from Allah how we use it will determine if we are blessed or cursed
Allah cause the grain and fruit stone (eg. Date seed) to sprout very different that which is like a
stone can still grow and produce food for us
Recognize Allahs blessings and give thanks
34. And I put in it gardens of date palms and grapes, and I caused springs of
water to gush forth within it 35 so that they may eat from its fruit, which their
hands did not produce. Will they not, then, give thanks?
And I put in it gardens of date palms and grapes, and I caused springs of water to gush forth within
Fruit trees as compared with grains
Grains has to be cooked before eaten, where as fruits can be eaten directly from trees
Dates and grapes both sweet and can be eaten fresh or dried. Two completely different plant
one very tender and the other hard and tall and strong
I have caused springs of water to gush forth within it.
Indicates that a variety of springs were created
Large springs become streams, rivers and waterfalls
Others produce ponds and lakes
Yet others which feed wells
All of this to produce food for mankind for us
This whole world submitted to us (even the stars Allah beautify the sky for us)
Allah connected it all together this whole universe for the benefit of humankind
So that they may eat from its fruit, which their hands did not produce
Allah stresses His grace production of fruits blessings of Allah
Genetically modification(GM) is manipulation of genes not creation
o humans unable to create new plants
o GM crops often have harmful side-effects leading people to grow organically
Will they not, then, give thanks?
Obligatory for us to give thanks to Allah for all the blessings He bestowed on us
Showing gratitude is a form of obedience humans are rewarded for this
Ingratitude is an evil, bad characteristic
Whoever has not show gratitude to people has not shown gratitude to Allah
Allah increases our blessings if we are thankful
Recognition of blessings is a cause for their increase as Allah said:
o And remember when your Lord proclaimed: If you give thanks, I will increase My
Blessings; but if you are thankless, Indeed My punishment is severe. Ibraheem 14:7
o Disbelievers who seems to have lots of blessings are in fact being punished with them by
hardening of their hearts
o Wealth is lost? Not necessarily a punishment.
o Punishment of hearts is by the affliction of diseases its hardening and turning away
from Allah and His remembrance far worse than lost of wealth
o Spiritual punishment person feel depressed, distraught, lost, impatient and fearful
o Do not let their wealth or their children amaze you in reality Allahs plan is to punish
them with these things in the life of this world, and that their souls be taken while they
are disbeliever (Tawbah 9:55)
o I heard Allaahs Messenger () say, Whoevers greatest concern is this world, Allaah will
scatter his affairs and place poverty between his eyes, and nothing of this world will
come to him except what was already written for him. But, whoever has the next world
as his intention, Allaah will gather his affairs and place his richness in his heart and the
world will come to him submissively.
o Do not become a slave worshipper of the Dinar and Dirham
The life of a believer will be the sweetest even if he is the poorest Allah said:
o Whoever does righteousness - whether male or female - while being a true believer,
indeed, I will give him a good life in this world, and I will reward them (in the Hereafter)
according to the best of what they used to do. (Soorah an-Nahl, 16: 97) Promise of
This is the original purpose for Allah telling us about this world and the things which He created
o To be conscious of His Greatness to worship Him
o To be grateful to Him for all He has given us in this life this world which He created has
all been submitted to us for our benefit
o Gratitude should be one of our greatest characteristics
o We should speak in humble and respectful way for what Allah has given us in this life
(Tafseer Soorah Yaa seen by Dr. Bilal Philips pp. 71-78Page 71 to 78 )
36. Glory be to Him, Who has created the earths produce in pairs, as well as
their own kind, and that which they do not know about
Glory be to Him, Glorifying Himself
Subhaana actually means declaring God to be far removed or free from every imperfection
or impurity, or from everything derogatory from His glory
Concept of self glorification is not allowed to do considered haughty and proud in case of
Who has created the earths produce in pairs,
Refers to crops, fruits and plants
Many references to plant kingdom in the Quran
o Allah sent down rain from skyvariety of plants in pairs. Surah Taahaa 20:53
Reminder of Allah greatness and power to create uncountable variety and in pairs to multiply
Reminder of Allahs blessings and grace to bestowed on all of mankind (both the obedient and
the disobedient)
Verse contains scientific knowledge unknown in the 7th century
Knowledge of plants having male and female was not known at the time of the Prophet
Fruits comes from plants that have sexual characteristics even when they come from
unfertilized flowers like bananas
o and of all fruits Allah placed on earth two pairs Surah Rad 13:3
o Male and female parts fruits
As well as their own (human) kind,
Refers to Allahs creation of children, spouses, males and females
Human beings Pleasure, comfort and love placed between males and females
among His signswives so you find comfort in them and He put affection and mercyRoom
and that which they do not know about.
Has many possible implications
Could refer to creatures unknown at that time later discovered
Every era has new discoveries of creatures
Could refer to the paired opposites found in nature positive and negative in electricity, or
matter and anti-matter
Similar to the verse I have created everything in pairs, that you may remember (the Grace of
Allah). Surah Ath-Thaariyaat 51:49
This indicated the perfection and individuality of the Being Allah who is uniquely one and
completely independent in His person and His attributes
Quran identifies over 1400 years ago that everything has pairs in plants, animals, trees, fruits
37. And a sign for them is the night; I remove the day, and behold, they are in
And a sign for them is the night; I remove the day, and behold, they are in darkness
Proof of Allahs greatness creation of night and day
Stress on gradual removal of the day gradual removal of the sun to night
Naslakh means to peel off (like removing skin from animal) a one way process
Sudden appearance of night problematic for living creatures (gives them time to prepare for
night)
He coils the night upon the day and the day upon the night. Surah az-Zumar 39:5
o Yakawwiru = to wind or coil a turban around ones head excellent description
o But at time of Prophet this was not known astronomically after landing on the moon
and observing the earth spinning on it s axis then people understand the true
meaning of this verse
o Another sign that the Quran is a sign from Allah
38. And the Sun runs on its course to a place of settling. That is the decree of
the All-Mighty, the All-Knowing
And the Sun runs on its fixed course for a term.
Mustaqarr means place of settling sun has an exact appointed place and time where and
when its course will end
Earlier scholars thought this refers to Day of Resurrection day when sun would come to halt
and be rolled up and this world will end
Modern astronomy confirms the solar system moving to point called the solar apex a point
of stopping among the scientific facts / miracle of the Quran
Hadeeth from Abu Dhar about the sun: it glides until it reaches its resting place under the
Throne. Then it prostrates and remains there until it is told to rise up and return to the place it
came from. it will be told to rise up and emerge from its setting place and it will rise from its
place of setting. will happen at time when faith would not benefit anyone (pg 74)
o Hadeeth appears to contradict modern science which states the sun does not move,
the earth revolves around the sun and night and day is a result of the rotation
o Sun goes beneath the Throne the roof of creation
The sun as well as other creations of Allah makes prostration: their shadows incline to the
right and to the left, humbly making prostration to Allah. Surah Nahl 16:48
o Sun prostrates in a manner of its own we do not know how
All movement of sun is by the permission of Allah (laws of nature) sun moving by itself only
recently discovered in modern science after they had believed that the sun do not move
All of this is a part of evidence of the divine origin of the Quran
Sun another blessing and sign of Allahs greatness allow us to calculate days as well as the
time of the day times for formal prayers
Hadeeth - The time for the noon prayer is when the sun passes the meridian and a mans
shadow is the same length as his height as long as the time for the afternoon prayer has not
come; the afternoon prayer is as long as the sun has not become pale; the time of the sunset
prayer but when the sun rises, refrain from prayer, for it rises between the horns of Satan.
Sun provides heat for life to survive on this planet cant live on other planets either too cold
or too hot
Sun provides heat that causes fruits to ripen and energy for cycles of nature
That is the decree of the All-Mighty, the All-Knowing. (Al Azeez and Al Aleem)
that refers to the suns journey which is in according to Allahs pre-measurement
Decree attributed to two of Allahs name The Mighty and The All Knowing
The Mighty has 3 meanings
o With regards to His ability so great; nothing can be compared to Him
o With respect to His domination absolute authority over all creation
o From the perspective of the impossibility of any deficiency or defect being attributed to
The All-Knowing His knowledge is complete and comprehensive, perfect
o not preceded by ignorance nor forgetfulness (our knowledge preceded by ignorance and
followed by forgetfulness)
o Comprehensive includes everything small and big
39. And I have fixed phases for the moon (to traverse) until it returns curved
like an old date stalk
And I have fixed phases for the moon (to traverse) until it returns curved like an old date stalk.
Moon another sign and blessings
Blessing for us we can calculate the passing of the months
They ask you about the crescent moons. Say: These are signs to mark fixed periods of time for
humankind and for the pilgrimage. (Soorah al-Baqarah, 2: 189
o Allah destined moon appear like a hair line at beginning of month, middle of month for
3 days full moon, and then decrease in size then disappear at end of month
o 13th, 14th and 15th called ayyaam beed (the white days) recommended days of fasting
o Hadeeth: If you are fasting, fast the days of the full moon.
o The Messenger of Allaah () used to instruct us to fast the days of the full moon, the
thirteenth, fourteenth and fifteenth. And he said, They are like the year.
it returns curved like an old date stalk
Verse comparison with human existence moon begins weak and frail, then full of strength
followed by weakness just like human beings
It is Allaah who created you in weakness, gave you strength after weakness, then weakness and
gray hair after strength. (Soorah ar-Room, 30: 54)
40. It is not possible for the sun to overtake the moon, nor for the night to
overtake the day. Each of them swims in a separate orbit.
It is not possible for the sun to overtake the moon.
The sun cannot reappear in the night after setting and it cannot catch up with the moon. Nor
can the sun appears together with the moon at night
Sun rising and setting precisely fixed for every country on earth for years to come
Lunar eclipse shadow of the earth coming between the moon and its source of light the sun
A manifestation of the perfection of Allahs power precise regulation and organization of the
creation not possible for it to change or become unstable.
Day of Resurrection everything will change
o planets and stars will fall and
o sun and moon will collide
o So, when eyes become be dazed, and the moon eclipsed, and the sun and moon will
collide. (Soorah al-Qiyaamah, 75: 7-9)
Nor for the night to overtake the day
Night cannot overtake the day comes after day ends. Night follows the day
The moon is not responsible for the night like how the sun is responsible for the day
Night cannot comes before its time and catch up with the day
The moon is sometimes visible in the day
Solar eclipse when moon catches up with the sun and comes between the earth and the sun
o Day become dark, if complete eclipse looks like night another of Allahs sign
Two nights cannot follow each other has to be a day in between
Parts of earth where 6 months day and 6 months night night and day goes according to
another scale
No place on earth where the night last one year or day last one year
Sign of last Day when Anti-Christ will appear the first day of his appearance will last for one
o How long will [Dajjaal] remain on earth? and he replied, For forty days. One day will
be as long as a year, one day as long as a month, one day as long as a week, and the
rest of his days will be like your days.
Each of them swims in a separate orbit.
Sun and moon describes as swimming yasbahoon also translated as floating Not correct
Yasbahoon describes the motion produced by a moving body (running or swimming) carrying
self moving on its own using its own power to move
Floating implies carried along without its own movement not good translation
This verse mentioned facts to be discovered thousands of years later by modern astronomy
sun and moon has individual orbits and that they rotate
Please forgive the errors
Please remember me in your duas
Jazakalahukhairan
Was Salaam
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