OSA Publishing > Photonics Research > Volume 6 > Issue 7 > Page 674
Lan Yang, Editor-in-Chief
Nonlinear optical performance of few-layer molybdenum diselenide as a slow-saturable absorber
Gaozhong Wang, Guangxing Liang, Aidan A. Baker-Murray, Kangpeng Wang, Jing Jing Wang, Xiaoyan Zhang, Daniel Bennett, Jing-Ting Luo, Jun Wang, Ping Fan, and Werner J. Blau
Gaozhong Wang,1,2,† Guangxing Liang,1,† Aidan A. Baker-Murray,2 Kangpeng Wang,2,4 Jing Jing Wang,2 Xiaoyan Zhang,3 Daniel Bennett,2 Jing-Ting Luo,1,5 Jun Wang,3 Ping Fan,1,* and Werner J. Blau2
1Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Thin Films and Applications, College of Physics and Energy, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
2School of Physics and the Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices (CRANN), Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
3Key Laboratory of Materials for High-Power Laser, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
4e-mail: wangkangpeng@msn.com
5e-mail: luojt@szu.edu.cn
†These authors contributed equally to this work.
*Corresponding author: fanping308@126.com
Daniel Bennett https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3556-217X
G Wang
G Liang
A Baker-Murray
K Wang
J Wang
X Zhang
D Bennett
J Luo
P Fan
W Blau
Vol. 6,
•https://doi.org/10.1364/PRJ.6.000674
Gaozhong Wang, Guangxing Liang, Aidan A. Baker-Murray, Kangpeng Wang, Jing Jing Wang, Xiaoyan Zhang, Daniel Bennett, Jing-Ting Luo, Jun Wang, Ping Fan, and Werner J. Blau, "Nonlinear optical performance of few-layer molybdenum diselenide as a slow-saturable absorber," Photon. Res. 6, 674-680 (2018)
Femtosecond fiber lasers
High power fiber lasers
Nonlinear absorption
Nonlinear susceptibility
Mode-locked lasers (140.4050)
Nonlinear optical materials (160.4330)
Nonlinear optics, materials (190.4400)
Ultrafast nonlinear optics (320.7110)
Revised Manuscript: April 16, 2018
Manuscript Accepted: April 26, 2018
Two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides are considered promising materials for next-generation photonics and nano-optical devices. Although many previous reports have shown saturable absorption of molybdenum diselenide (MoSe2), these nonlinear optical (NLO) properties of MoSe2 were measured in separate works and under different conditions with their hot-carrier relaxations. Here, we conducted a series of coherent studies on the NLO properties of few-layer MoSe2 via open-aperture Z-scan and degenerate pump-probe techniques. These measurements were taken to test the materials' capabilities as a slow-saturable absorber. A slow-absorber model was employed to analyze the NLO measurements, and the results show that the NLO modulation depth was modeled to be 7.4% and 15.1% for the linear absorption coefficients of 5.22 cm−1 and 6.51 cm−1, respectively. The corresponding saturated intensities were modeled to be 39.37 MW/cm2 and 234.75 MW/cm2, respectively. The excitation carrier recovery time of few-layer MoSe2 was measured by degenerate pump-probe techniques to be ∼220 ps. These nonlinear optical performances make it a promising slow-saturable absorber for passive mode locking in femtosecond lasers.
© 2018 Chinese Laser Press
Nonlinear optical absorption of few-layer molybdenum diselenide (MoSe2) for passively mode-locked soliton fiber laser [Invited]
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Fig. 1. TEM images showing (a) a few-layer MoSe 2 flake and (b) a monolayer MoSe 2 flake. The scale bar is 50 nm in (a) and 5 nm in (b). (c) Raman spectrum of the few-layer MoSe 2 flakes. (d) AFM image displaying the thickness of a large number of MoSe 2 flakes in a ∼ 5 μm × 5 μm area. (e) Statistical thickness distribution of the MoSe 2 flakes in as-prepared dispersions.
Fig. 2. Z -scan results of few-layer MoSe 2 . The linear absorption coefficients are (a) 5.22 cm − 1 and (b) 6.51 cm − 1 , respectively, which are shown in the insets. The measurements were carried out under irradiation of increasing laser intensity. (c) Schematic of an open-aperture Z -scan. The laser pulses are at a center wavelength of 800 nm, with duration of ∼ 100 fs and a repetition rate of 100 kHz from a Ti: sapphire mode-locked laser (Coherent, RegA 9000).
Fig. 3. Experimental (scatters) and fitting (solid lines) degenerate pump-probe traces of few-layer MoSe 2 based on an 800 nm laser with pulse duration of ∼ 100 fs and repetition rate of 100 kHz. The inset in (c) shows the relaxation processes of the excited carriers. The inset in (d) shows degenerate pump-probe setup. An intense beam is employed to pump the materials, while another beam with relatively low intensity, which is delayed by a motorized linear translation stage, is used for probing the excited carriers. These two beams are modulated by an optical chopper at 733 Hz and 422 Hz, respectively. A half-wave plate and a polarizer are utilized to eliminate the coherent spikes.
Fig. 4. NLO performance of few-layer- MoSe 2 analyzed by a slow-saturable absorber model. (a) Experimental (scatters) and fitting (solid lines) transmission as a function of intensity. (b) Corresponding differential absorption converted from (a).