Normative data and psychometric properties of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 in a nationally representative Korean population
Cheolmin Shin, Young Hoon Ko, Hyonggin An, Ho Kyoung Yoon, Changsu Han
Background: The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) has been standardized in several populations and is widely used in clinical practice and health care. However, it has not been appropriately standardized in the Korean general population, and no normative data have been presented. The aim of this study was to provide the normative data and psychometric properties of the PHQ-9 in the nationally representative population of Korea. Methods: We used the nationwide cross-sectional survey data of Korea from 2014 to 2016. The data of 10,759 individuals aged over 19 years were analyzed in this study. As the distribution of the PHQ-9 scores was not normative, the percentile ranks for raw scores were provided. The survey questionnaires included the PHQ-9, The EuroQol-5 Dimension (EQ-5D), and demographic characteristics. We analyzed the construct validity and internal consistency of the PHQ-9. Results: The normative data of the PHQ-9 were generated according to the sex and different age categories. The correlation coefficient between the sum of the PHQ-9 scores and the EQ-5D index was 0.44, which was moderate. The most appropriate model was the two-factor model with five 'affective-somatic' labeled items and four 'cognitive' labeled items. Cronbach's α for the PHQ-9 was 0.79. Conclusions: Our result supports reliability and validity with two-factor structure of PHQ-9 for measuring depression in the Korean nationally representative population. The Korean normative data on the PHQ-9 according to percentile rank can assist in interpreting and comparing scores with other populations.
BMC Psychiatry
Published - 2020 Apr 30
Nationally representative population
PHQ-9
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Patient Health Questionnaire Medicine & Life Sciences 100%
Psychometrics Medicine & Life Sciences 74%
Population Medicine & Life Sciences 31%
Reproducibility of Results Medicine & Life Sciences 7%
Depression Medicine & Life Sciences 5%
Cross-Sectional Studies Medicine & Life Sciences 5%
Demography Medicine & Life Sciences 5%
Shin, C., Ko, Y. H., An, H., Yoon, H. K., & Han, C. (2020). Normative data and psychometric properties of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 in a nationally representative Korean population. BMC Psychiatry, 20(1), [194]. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-020-02613-0
Normative data and psychometric properties of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 in a nationally representative Korean population. / Shin, Cheolmin; Ko, Young Hoon; An, Hyonggin; Yoon, Ho Kyoung; Han, Changsu.
In: BMC Psychiatry, Vol. 20, No. 1, 194, 30.04.2020.
Shin, C, Ko, YH, An, H, Yoon, HK & Han, C 2020, 'Normative data and psychometric properties of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 in a nationally representative Korean population', BMC Psychiatry, vol. 20, no. 1, 194. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-020-02613-0
Shin C, Ko YH, An H, Yoon HK, Han C. Normative data and psychometric properties of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 in a nationally representative Korean population. BMC Psychiatry. 2020 Apr 30;20(1). 194. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-020-02613-0
Shin, Cheolmin ; Ko, Young Hoon ; An, Hyonggin ; Yoon, Ho Kyoung ; Han, Changsu. / Normative data and psychometric properties of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 in a nationally representative Korean population. In: BMC Psychiatry. 2020 ; Vol. 20, No. 1.
@article{2e08e3cfb98f4a5aa1261b901cbfe783,
title = "Normative data and psychometric properties of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 in a nationally representative Korean population",
abstract = "Background: The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) has been standardized in several populations and is widely used in clinical practice and health care. However, it has not been appropriately standardized in the Korean general population, and no normative data have been presented. The aim of this study was to provide the normative data and psychometric properties of the PHQ-9 in the nationally representative population of Korea. Methods: We used the nationwide cross-sectional survey data of Korea from 2014 to 2016. The data of 10,759 individuals aged over 19 years were analyzed in this study. As the distribution of the PHQ-9 scores was not normative, the percentile ranks for raw scores were provided. The survey questionnaires included the PHQ-9, The EuroQol-5 Dimension (EQ-5D), and demographic characteristics. We analyzed the construct validity and internal consistency of the PHQ-9. Results: The normative data of the PHQ-9 were generated according to the sex and different age categories. The correlation coefficient between the sum of the PHQ-9 scores and the EQ-5D index was 0.44, which was moderate. The most appropriate model was the two-factor model with five 'affective-somatic' labeled items and four 'cognitive' labeled items. Cronbach's α for the PHQ-9 was 0.79. Conclusions: Our result supports reliability and validity with two-factor structure of PHQ-9 for measuring depression in the Korean nationally representative population. The Korean normative data on the PHQ-9 according to percentile rank can assist in interpreting and comparing scores with other populations.",
keywords = "Depression, Nationally representative population, Normative data, PHQ-9, Standardization",
author = "Cheolmin Shin and Ko, {Young Hoon} and Hyonggin An and Yoon, {Ho Kyoung} and Changsu Han",
journal = "BMC Psychiatry",
T1 - Normative data and psychometric properties of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 in a nationally representative Korean population
AU - Shin, Cheolmin
AU - Ko, Young Hoon
AU - An, Hyonggin
AU - Yoon, Ho Kyoung
AU - Han, Changsu
N2 - Background: The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) has been standardized in several populations and is widely used in clinical practice and health care. However, it has not been appropriately standardized in the Korean general population, and no normative data have been presented. The aim of this study was to provide the normative data and psychometric properties of the PHQ-9 in the nationally representative population of Korea. Methods: We used the nationwide cross-sectional survey data of Korea from 2014 to 2016. The data of 10,759 individuals aged over 19 years were analyzed in this study. As the distribution of the PHQ-9 scores was not normative, the percentile ranks for raw scores were provided. The survey questionnaires included the PHQ-9, The EuroQol-5 Dimension (EQ-5D), and demographic characteristics. We analyzed the construct validity and internal consistency of the PHQ-9. Results: The normative data of the PHQ-9 were generated according to the sex and different age categories. The correlation coefficient between the sum of the PHQ-9 scores and the EQ-5D index was 0.44, which was moderate. The most appropriate model was the two-factor model with five 'affective-somatic' labeled items and four 'cognitive' labeled items. Cronbach's α for the PHQ-9 was 0.79. Conclusions: Our result supports reliability and validity with two-factor structure of PHQ-9 for measuring depression in the Korean nationally representative population. The Korean normative data on the PHQ-9 according to percentile rank can assist in interpreting and comparing scores with other populations.
AB - Background: The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) has been standardized in several populations and is widely used in clinical practice and health care. However, it has not been appropriately standardized in the Korean general population, and no normative data have been presented. The aim of this study was to provide the normative data and psychometric properties of the PHQ-9 in the nationally representative population of Korea. Methods: We used the nationwide cross-sectional survey data of Korea from 2014 to 2016. The data of 10,759 individuals aged over 19 years were analyzed in this study. As the distribution of the PHQ-9 scores was not normative, the percentile ranks for raw scores were provided. The survey questionnaires included the PHQ-9, The EuroQol-5 Dimension (EQ-5D), and demographic characteristics. We analyzed the construct validity and internal consistency of the PHQ-9. Results: The normative data of the PHQ-9 were generated according to the sex and different age categories. The correlation coefficient between the sum of the PHQ-9 scores and the EQ-5D index was 0.44, which was moderate. The most appropriate model was the two-factor model with five 'affective-somatic' labeled items and four 'cognitive' labeled items. Cronbach's α for the PHQ-9 was 0.79. Conclusions: Our result supports reliability and validity with two-factor structure of PHQ-9 for measuring depression in the Korean nationally representative population. The Korean normative data on the PHQ-9 according to percentile rank can assist in interpreting and comparing scores with other populations.
KW - Nationally representative population
KW - Normative data
KW - PHQ-9
KW - Standardization
JO - BMC Psychiatry
JF - BMC Psychiatry