Spatial Predictions of Rhodesian Human African Trypanosomiasis (Sleeping Sickness) Prevalence in Kaberamaido and Dokolo, Two Newly Affected Districts of Uganda
Nicola A. Batchelor, Peter M. Atkinson, Peter W. Gething, Kim Picozzi, Eric M. Fevre, Abbas S. L. Kakembo, Susan C. Welburn
Deanery of Biomedical Sciences
Division of Infection and Pathway Medicine
The continued northwards spread of Rhodesian sleeping sickness or Human African Trypanosomiasis (HAT) within Uganda is raising concerns of overlap with the Gambian form of the disease. Disease convergence would result in compromised diagnosis and treatment for HAT. Spatial determinants for HAT are poorly understood across small areas. This study examines the relationships between Rhodesian HAT and several environmental, climatic and social factors in two newly affected districts, Kaberamaido and Dokolo. A one-step logistic regression analysis of HAT prevalence and a two-step logistic regression method permitted separate analysis of both HAT occurrence and HAT prevalence. Both the occurrence and prevalence of HAT were negatively correlated with distance to the closest livestock market in all models. The significance of distance to the closest livestock market strongly indicates that HAT may have been introduced to this previously unaffected area via the movement of infected, untreated livestock from endemic areas. This illustrates the importance of the animal reservoir in disease transmission, and highlights the need for trypanosomiasis control in livestock and the stringent implementation of regulations requiring the treatment of cattle prior to sale at livestock markets to prevent any further spread of Rhodesian HAT within Uganda.
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0000563
10.1371/journal.pntd.0000563
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African Trypanosomiasis Medicine & Life Sciences 100%
Uganda Medicine & Life Sciences 83%
illness Social Sciences 56%
district Social Sciences 48%
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Batchelor, N. A., Atkinson, P. M., Gething, P. W., Picozzi, K., Fevre, E. M., Kakembo, A. S. L., & Welburn, S. C. (2009). Spatial Predictions of Rhodesian Human African Trypanosomiasis (Sleeping Sickness) Prevalence in Kaberamaido and Dokolo, Two Newly Affected Districts of Uganda. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 3(12), -. [e563]. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0000563
Batchelor, Nicola A. ; Atkinson, Peter M. ; Gething, Peter W. et al. / Spatial Predictions of Rhodesian Human African Trypanosomiasis (Sleeping Sickness) Prevalence in Kaberamaido and Dokolo, Two Newly Affected Districts of Uganda. In: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases. 2009 ; Vol. 3, No. 12. pp. -.
@article{1f848e8346ab4c62a6519c4035b993c0,
title = "Spatial Predictions of Rhodesian Human African Trypanosomiasis (Sleeping Sickness) Prevalence in Kaberamaido and Dokolo, Two Newly Affected Districts of Uganda",
abstract = "The continued northwards spread of Rhodesian sleeping sickness or Human African Trypanosomiasis (HAT) within Uganda is raising concerns of overlap with the Gambian form of the disease. Disease convergence would result in compromised diagnosis and treatment for HAT. Spatial determinants for HAT are poorly understood across small areas. This study examines the relationships between Rhodesian HAT and several environmental, climatic and social factors in two newly affected districts, Kaberamaido and Dokolo. A one-step logistic regression analysis of HAT prevalence and a two-step logistic regression method permitted separate analysis of both HAT occurrence and HAT prevalence. Both the occurrence and prevalence of HAT were negatively correlated with distance to the closest livestock market in all models. The significance of distance to the closest livestock market strongly indicates that HAT may have been introduced to this previously unaffected area via the movement of infected, untreated livestock from endemic areas. This illustrates the importance of the animal reservoir in disease transmission, and highlights the need for trypanosomiasis control in livestock and the stringent implementation of regulations requiring the treatment of cattle prior to sale at livestock markets to prevent any further spread of Rhodesian HAT within Uganda.",
author = "Batchelor, {Nicola A.} and Atkinson, {Peter M.} and Gething, {Peter W.} and Kim Picozzi and Fevre, {Eric M.} and Kakembo, {Abbas S. L.} and Welburn, {Susan C.}",
doi = "10.1371/journal.pntd.0000563",
journal = "PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases",
Batchelor, NA, Atkinson, PM, Gething, PW, Picozzi, K, Fevre, EM, Kakembo, ASL & Welburn, SC 2009, 'Spatial Predictions of Rhodesian Human African Trypanosomiasis (Sleeping Sickness) Prevalence in Kaberamaido and Dokolo, Two Newly Affected Districts of Uganda', PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, vol. 3, no. 12, e563, pp. -. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0000563
Spatial Predictions of Rhodesian Human African Trypanosomiasis (Sleeping Sickness) Prevalence in Kaberamaido and Dokolo, Two Newly Affected Districts of Uganda. / Batchelor, Nicola A.; Atkinson, Peter M.; Gething, Peter W. et al.
In: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol. 3, No. 12, e563, 12.2009, p. -.
T1 - Spatial Predictions of Rhodesian Human African Trypanosomiasis (Sleeping Sickness) Prevalence in Kaberamaido and Dokolo, Two Newly Affected Districts of Uganda
AU - Batchelor, Nicola A.
AU - Atkinson, Peter M.
AU - Gething, Peter W.
AU - Picozzi, Kim
AU - Fevre, Eric M.
AU - Kakembo, Abbas S. L.
AU - Welburn, Susan C.
N2 - The continued northwards spread of Rhodesian sleeping sickness or Human African Trypanosomiasis (HAT) within Uganda is raising concerns of overlap with the Gambian form of the disease. Disease convergence would result in compromised diagnosis and treatment for HAT. Spatial determinants for HAT are poorly understood across small areas. This study examines the relationships between Rhodesian HAT and several environmental, climatic and social factors in two newly affected districts, Kaberamaido and Dokolo. A one-step logistic regression analysis of HAT prevalence and a two-step logistic regression method permitted separate analysis of both HAT occurrence and HAT prevalence. Both the occurrence and prevalence of HAT were negatively correlated with distance to the closest livestock market in all models. The significance of distance to the closest livestock market strongly indicates that HAT may have been introduced to this previously unaffected area via the movement of infected, untreated livestock from endemic areas. This illustrates the importance of the animal reservoir in disease transmission, and highlights the need for trypanosomiasis control in livestock and the stringent implementation of regulations requiring the treatment of cattle prior to sale at livestock markets to prevent any further spread of Rhodesian HAT within Uganda.
AB - The continued northwards spread of Rhodesian sleeping sickness or Human African Trypanosomiasis (HAT) within Uganda is raising concerns of overlap with the Gambian form of the disease. Disease convergence would result in compromised diagnosis and treatment for HAT. Spatial determinants for HAT are poorly understood across small areas. This study examines the relationships between Rhodesian HAT and several environmental, climatic and social factors in two newly affected districts, Kaberamaido and Dokolo. A one-step logistic regression analysis of HAT prevalence and a two-step logistic regression method permitted separate analysis of both HAT occurrence and HAT prevalence. Both the occurrence and prevalence of HAT were negatively correlated with distance to the closest livestock market in all models. The significance of distance to the closest livestock market strongly indicates that HAT may have been introduced to this previously unaffected area via the movement of infected, untreated livestock from endemic areas. This illustrates the importance of the animal reservoir in disease transmission, and highlights the need for trypanosomiasis control in livestock and the stringent implementation of regulations requiring the treatment of cattle prior to sale at livestock markets to prevent any further spread of Rhodesian HAT within Uganda.
U2 - 10.1371/journal.pntd.0000563
DO - 10.1371/journal.pntd.0000563
JO - PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases
JF - PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases
M1 - e563
Batchelor NA, Atkinson PM, Gething PW, Picozzi K, Fevre EM, Kakembo ASL et al. Spatial Predictions of Rhodesian Human African Trypanosomiasis (Sleeping Sickness) Prevalence in Kaberamaido and Dokolo, Two Newly Affected Districts of Uganda. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases. 2009 Dec;3(12):-. e563. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0000563