Advanced Dental Journal
ISSN (Print) 2636-302X - ISSN (Online) 2636-3038
Published by Cairo Univeristy [5 journals]
Bacterial Count following Photoactivated Oral Disinfection versus Sodium
Hypochlorite Solution on Root Canal Bacteria: An Invitro Study
Abstract: Aim: To determine bacterial count and inhibition zone following photoactivated oral disinfection versus sodium hypochlorite solution on root canal bacteria. Methodology: This Invitro study was conducted at Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University and Medical Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University. Bacterial count and zone of inhibition were performed on Enterococcus faecalis and Streptococcus intermedius. A total number of 36 samples were divided on three main groups. First group was photoactivated oral disinfection, second group was photoactivated oral disinfection with sodium hypochlorite ad finally control group was sodium hypochlorite. All these groups were tested for both bacterial count and inhibition zone.Results: Regarding Enterococcus faecalis and Streptococcus intermedius count, the highest value was in photoactivated oral disinfection, followed by photoactivated oral disinfection with sodium hypochlorite, whereas the lowest value was in sodium hypochlorite in 24 and 48 hours. Regarding Enterococcus faecalis and Streptococcus intermedius inhibition zones, the highest value was in sodium hypochlorite, followed by photoactivated oral disinfection with sodium hypochlorite, while the lowest value was in photoactivated oral disinfection in 24 hours. Conclusions: Sodium hypochlorite may be the best available irrigant owing to its wide antibacterial spectrum followed by photoactivated oral disinfection with sodium hypochlorite, whereas the least effective was photoactivated oral disinfection.
Frequency of Maxillofacial Bone and Cartilage Tumors in Cairo Governorate:
A Retrospective Multi-centered Study
Abstract: Aim: The aim of this study was to identify the prevalence of the primary non-odontogenic maxillofacial bone and cartilage tumors.Methodology: Clinical data and histopathological diagnoses of primary non-odontogenic maxillofacial bone and cartilage tumors, diagnosed between January 2010 and December 2019, were collected from the histopathological reports of Cairo governorate's educational hospitals and institutions.Results: Out of 11,444 archival reports -found in the maxillofacial bones and paranasal sinuses- collected from the mentioned study centers, 186 were reported as non-odontogenic maxillofacial bone and cartilage tumors, yielding a 1.63% prevalence. Osteosarcoma was the most common lesion, followed by chondrosarcoma and osteoma, respectively. Females were found to be more prone to the investigated tumors.Conclusion: The non-odontogenic maxillofacial bone and cartilage tumors represent 1.63% in Cairo governorate. Demographic variations were seen in some of the tumors studied, which differed from the literature; however, osteosarcoma was found to be the most prevalent lesion, accounting for over half of the lesions studied.
A Cross-Over Study to Evaluate Parkinsonism Patient's Satisfaction with
Different Removable Partial Denture Bases
Abstract: Aim: this study aims to compare Parkinson's patient's satisfaction with different partial dentures constructed materials (acrylic and flexible partial dentures)Subjects and methods: The total number of patients who participated in this study was 10 patients suffering from Parkinson's disease, selected at the prosthetic department, faculty of dentistry, Cairo university, and estimated according to inclusion criteria that complained of missing more than three teeth of their upper or lower arch and require a removable partial denture (RPD). Initially, all patients received a hard acrylic resin partial denture and inserted for one month, then followed by a wash-out period for 7 days, and a cross-over protocol was carried out by placing the flexible removable partial denture for 1 month. after each study period (one month of hard acrylic and one month of flexible removable partial dentures) a modified structural questionnaire was used to collect data at a significance level of < 0.05.Results: there was a significant difference in patients' satisfaction with flexible RPD than with conventional acrylic RPD.Conclusion: The results showed a significant difference in satisfaction for patients suffering from Parkinson's disease (PD) between the hard acrylic denture base and the flexible removable partial denture base.
Metastasis of Lung Cancer to the Oral and Maxillofacial Region: A Case
Report and Review of the Literature
Abstract: Lung cancer is the most frequent cause of cancer-related deaths in the world. While metastases of lung malignancies to the oral cavity are rare, lung cancer is the most common malignant neoplasm to metastasize to the head and neck region. Diagnosis of a metastatic lesion in the oral cavity is challenging for clinicians and pathologists alike, but is critical in improving patient outcomes. In our current report, we present a case of a 75 year old female. The patient received a diagnosis of lung adenocarcinoma metastatic to posterior left mandible. The lesion was initially thought to represent a periapical pathology associated with an endodontically involved tooth and has received root canal therapy without resolution of symptoms. We conducted a literature review of cases of lung cancer metastasis to the oral and maxillofacial region published between 2015 and 2022 and compared our findings with existing literature. Malignant non-endodontic lesions can present similarly to many benign lesions in the oral cavity, and early detection and biopsy of these lesions is critical to improving the prognosis of these cases.
Dental Researchers' Knowledge About Helsinki Ethical Principles At
Mansoura University In Egypt
Abstract: Objectives: The present study was conducted to assess the knowledge level of dental researchers at Mansoura University of Egypt.Subjects and methods: Participants of this cross-sectional study were recruited from the Faculty of Dentistry at Mansoura University using a well-structured, self-administered, close-ended questionnaire based on the Declaration of Helsinki ethical principles. After providing informed consent, 496 dental researchers participated in the study.Results: Study tool validation revealed content validity indices of 0.88 and 0.86, the internal consistency of the questionnaire items was 0.87. All study participants emphasized the importance of research ethics committees, while 93.5% were aware of the research ethics committee at their institution. The most followed ethical guidelines at the researchers' institutions were the Declaration of Helsinki principles. The participants' knowledge level about the Declaration was 0.65. Participants' qualifications had the greatest impact on their knowledge level (beta= 0.15 at p = 0.05).Conclusions: The participants' knowledge level was above average, and researchers' qualifications showed the highest impact on their knowledge level followed by the place of work.
Anaesthetic Efficacy of 4% Alexadricaine Versus 2% Mepecaine-L For
Infiltration Anaesthesia in Extraction of Maxillary First Primary Molars
in Children: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Study.
Abstract: Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the anaesthetic efficacy of 4% Alexadricaine versus 2% Mepecaine-L for infiltration anaesthesia in the extraction of maxillary first primary molars in children.Subjects and Methods: The present study is a split-mouth study in which ten children aged from 5 to 7 years with bilateral badly decayed maxillary first primary molars indicated for extraction were selected from the outpatient diagnostic clinic in Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University. The children's teeth were randomly assigned to two groups. Group A received 4% Alexadricaine and group B received 2% Mepecaine-L for infiltration anaesthesia. The intra-operative pain during the extraction was assessed using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and the Sound, Eyes and Motor Scale (SEM). Moreover, the onset and duration of soft tissue anaesthesia were objectively evaluated.Results: Group A showed slightly higher values of VAS and SEM scale than group B regarding intra-operative pain during extraction with a statistically non-significant difference. Regarding the onset of soft tissue anaesthesia, both groups had the same mean value (0.25±0.00). Regarding the duration of soft tissue anaesthesia, group A (214.00±9.66 minutes) showed a significantly higher mean value than group B (162.50±16.87 minutes) with a statistically significant difference (P<0.001).Conclusion: Regarding infiltration anaesthesia in the extraction of maxillary first primary molars in children, both 4% Alexadricaine and 2% Mepecaine-L can provide similar effective pain control with rapid onset of action. However, 4% Alexadricaine has a longer duration of soft tissue numbness than 2% Mepecaine-L.
Knowledge, Personal views and Experiences of a Group of Dental Interns
Toward Physical Child Abuse: A Cross-Sectional Study
Abstract: Aim: This study aimed to assess the knowledge, personal views, and experiences of a group of dental interns toward Physical Child Abuse. Subjects and Methods: A cross-sectional study with convenient sampling was conducted on dental interns practicing in the Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health Department, Cairo University from March to August 2018 using an anonymous, self-administered structured questionnaire. Three hundred questionnaires were distributed each month at the end of the training period, and 238 questionnaires were subjected to statistical analysis to assess Knowledge, personal views, and experiences regarding physical child abuse. Collected data were tabulated and statistically analyzed. Results: The response rate was 79.3% (n=238/300) including 83.6% Egyptians, and 85.7% had no training in dealing with child abuse cases. The participants in the study showed moderate knowledge about the signs and symptoms of physical child abuse. Participants' personal views towards detecting and reporting cases were generally positive, 50.4% of the participants had suspected a case of child abuse before, and only 3% of them reported the cases. Conclusions: Dental interns have moderate knowledge about physical child abuse and positive attitudes towards their role in detecting and reporting these cases.
Masticatory Efficiency and Maximum Bite Force of Patients Using Two-
Implant Mandibular Overdentures Retained By Equator or Locator
Attachments: A Crossover Study
Abstract: Aim: The aim was to compare the efficiency of mastication and maximum bite force of patients using two-implant overdentures with equator or locator attachments.Subjects and methods: Twelve edentulous patients were recruited in the study. The patients were provided with new complete dentures and wore them for three months (CD, control group). Then two implants were installed bilaterally at the mandibular canine areas. Patients received overdentures that were attached to the implants with either equator (EOD) or locator attachments (LOD) randomly in a crossover design. The mixing ability test was used to assess chewing efficiency. The hue variation of mixed two different colored chewing gums was determined after five, ten, twenty, thirty, and fifty masticatory strokes. A digital bite force transducer was used to determine the maximum bite force. Both chewing efficiency and bite force were assessed after wearing CD, EOD, and LOD prostheses.Results: Comparison between groups revealed a statistically significant difference (p <0.0001) in hue deviation across groups for each masticatory stroke. The values for deviation in CD were the highest, followed by the EOD values. The values for deviation in LOD group were the lowest. There were statistically significant differences (p <0.0001) in the mean values of maximum bite force between the groups. The greatest maximum biting force was found with LOD, followed by EOD, while the lowest biting force was found with CD. Regardless of attachment type, overdentures (EOD, LOD) had considerably greater maximum biting forces than complete dentures.Conclusion: Within the limits of this study, it was concluded that overdentures retained with locator attachments have higher masticatory efficiency and maximum biting force than overdentures retained with equator attachments.
In Vivo Assessment of the Anti-inflammatory Effect of Grape Seed Extract
on Oral Mucositis caused by Chemotherapy
Abstract: Background: Chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis represents a major problem. Cetuximab has toxic effects on the oral mucosa. Grape Seed Extract is well-known to have anti-inflammatory effects by modulating cytokine expression. It reduces oral mucositis in rats when given chemotherapy; however, its role, if given before chemotherapy, needs further investigation. Methods: Twenty-four adult male rats were split into four groups. The control group did not receive any treatment. The chemotherapy alone group received Cetuximab only, a group taking Cetuximab and grape seed together, and a group taking grape seed a week before Cetuximab and grape seed. The interleukin-6 immunoexpression was evaluated by a mean number of inflammatory cells and area percent. Results: The group taking grape seed a week before both Cetuximab and grape seed showed the least number of inflammatory cells and the lowest interleukin-6 immunoexpression compared to the other groups.Conclusion: Grape seed extract reduced chemotherapy-inducedoral mucositis in rats, especially if given before chemotherapy.
Mandible Adenomatoid Odontogenic Tumour Mimicking Calcifying Epithelial
Odontogenic Tumour: A Rare Case Report.
Abstract: Introduction: Adenomatoid odontogenic tumour (AOT) is a rare tumour of epithelial origin predominantly found in maxilla, and rarely found in mandible. Calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumour (CEOT) is a locally aggressive benign odontogenic neoplasm arising from epithelial tissue. This case report describes a case where the AOT mimics CEOT found in the mandible area. Case presentation: A 13-year-old female patient was referred to Persahabatan Hospital Jakarta, presented with a lump in the lower left mandible that is painless and didn't show any exudates. The lesion grew from the size of a marble to a size of a quail egg in three months. No facial asymmetry, limited mouth opening, and tooth mobilization present. Result: The surgical management of the lesion was enucleation and removal of associated impacted tooth. The prognosis for booth of them is good and recurrences are very rare after complete removal of lesion. Conclusion: The combination of the partly cystic and solid tumour of AOT/CEOT proves the complexity found among the odontogenic epithelial, however, the diagnosis can be confirmed since these tumours present with their own uniqueness in its histologic features
The probity of conditioned pain modulation (CPM) in patients with
myofascial pain syndrome - Clinical study.
Abstract: AbstractIntroduction: Tempromandibular joint disorders can affect the Tempromandibular joint and/or the surrounding muscle component. Many theories were provoked to explain the pathophysilogy of its chronic pain. Impaired endogenous pain modulation mechanism theory is considered one of the most widely accepted explanation of the pain controlling theories. Conditioned pain modulation can be considered as reliable test to assess the pain inhibits pain phenomena, which represents the inhibitory component of the endogenus pain modulating mechanism. Aim: To evaluate the integrity of endogenous analgesia in patients suffering from muscular pain related to myofacial pain dysfunction syndrome.Patients and methods: Fifteen patients were recruited in this study. Trigger points in the masseter muscle were identified and the pain rate was recorded after applying manual pressure on these trigger points. Cold pressor test was then performed and the pain rate was recorded again.Results: There wasn't a statistically significant difference between the mean value of test pain stimulus scored by the patients before and after performing the cold pressor test (P value 0.0961).Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the endogenous pain inhibitory system is impaired in tempromandibular joint disorders patients, however further studies are recommended.