Aid: WTF? A guide to disaster aid acronyms
Photo: Juliette Rousselot/IRIN
WTF? A guide to disaster aid acronyms
Source: IRIN
LONDON, 1 May 2015 (IRIN) - International Nepal earthquake responders have a language all of their own. Things like this would make total sense: "UNDAC and OSOCC are on ground while UNRC has been upped to HC. Needs include NFI, AAP, WASH and CIMIC, and pledges are updated in FTS. It can't be long before an IA RTE and some kind of MIRA-style NA is underway, even while INSARAG guides USAR / ISAR / FMT teams and their K9s."
Here's your (TL;DR) guide to the clanking machinery of international relief acronymage:
UNDAC: United Nations Disaster Assessment and Coordination. UNDAC teams have deployed to Nepal to help the UN and government during the first phase of the earthquake. UNDAC also assists in the coordination of incoming international relief.
OSOCC: On-Site Operations Coordination Centre. Developed by the UN's Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs to assist countries in coordinating international search-and-rescue efforts following an earthquake. Its private online workspace is called the Virtual OSOCC (VOSOCC). On the ground it has one or more BOOs - Bases of Operation.
UNRC: United Nations Resident Coordinator. In countries with no emergency, UN agencies are coordinated by a Resident Coordinator.
HC: In an emergency, a Humanitarian Coordinator is appointed to coordinate both UN and non-UN international humanitarian action in liaison with government. The HC is usually, but not always, the RC. When the two hats are worn by one individual, as now in Nepal, he or she is known by the title RC/HC.
IASC: Inter-Agency Standing Committee. Grouping UN agencies, NGOs, the Red Cross, and other international organisations, the IASC is a forum for humanitarian responders to develop policies, agree on a clear division of responsibility for the various aspects of humanitarian assistance and identify gaps in response. Weaknesses in the humanitarian system exposed by disasters in Pakistan and Haiti led to a process of IASC reform, called the "Transformative Agenda" - TA.
L3: Level 3 emergency. This is the IASC classification for the most severe, large-scale humanitarian crises. There are four crises currently designated as L3: Iraq, Syria, Central African Republic and South Sudan. Nepal has yet to make the list. The classification should activate a faster mobilisation of human and financial resources, and is based on five criteria: scale, complexity, urgency, capacity and reputational risk.
NFI: Non-food items. The category is a catch-all for non-medical supplies including mattresses, household items, hygiene kits, tents, buckets, tarpaulins and so on.
AAP: Accountability to Affected Populations. Accountability has been a buzzword in aid for years now, and gaining in prominence as an issue. The improvement of two-way communication between aid agencies and their clients - or "beneficiaries" - is now often wrapped up in AAP. Related terms include CwC - Communicating with Communities and CDAC - Communicating with Disaster-Affected Communities.
WASH: WAter, Sanitation and Hygiene. All of which are often lacking in the aftermath of a disaster and can lead to the spread of disease.
CMCoord: Civil-Military Coordination. Aka CIMIC or CIVMIL. The often strained relationship between aid agencies and militaries has its own specialist roles and policies. (h/t Oliver Lacey-Hall)
FTS: The UN's Financial Tracking Service. Updated in real time, it tracks pledges and actual contributions made towards humanitarian response around the world.
IA RTE: Inter-Agency Real-Time Evaluation. Mandated by the IASC, IA RTEs are commissioned reports in the first few weeks and months of a new emergency to give quick feedback on gaps, access constraints, potential threats and quality of the humanitarian response. There have been at least eight RTEs.
MIRA: Multi-Cluster Initial Rapid Assessment. Developed by the IASC to identify strategic humanitarian priorities during the first weeks following an emergency, carried out by a team of emergency specialists from various sectors. MIRA is a flavour of NA - Needs Assessment
INSARAG: International Search and Rescue Advisory Group. Under a UN umbrella, this network of more than 80 countries and organisations establishes minimum standards for search-and-rescue and a methodology for international coordination in earthquake response.
USAR: Urban Search And Rescue. When search and rescue teams are deployed internationally, they may be called ISARs. About 60 USARs have registered in Nepal and the government has said it does not need any more. They often are combined with FMTs - Foreign Medical Teams.
K9: Canine. Sniffer dogs used by USARs and ISARs.