This gets a bit technical in its explanation of how the eye compares with a camera.
The eye sees things in much more detail than a camera. It also adapts to changes in light and dark with a much better than a normal camera lens is capable of.
That's one of the reasons why you might have to buy a number of different lenses for different shooting conditions with your camera, but your one pair of eyes can do the job of all of them.
Don't worry next time you take a photo and it doesn't come out the way you thought. Increasing your knowledge of the limitations of a camera is the key to knowing how to use it to get the best results.