Read the following excerpt from a US court opinion:
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facility in accordance with subsection (c) of this section. 42 U.S.C. § 1395dd(b)(l). The EMTALA extends to anyone who seeks emergency room assistance, without distinction between persons with and without insurance. Gatewood v. Washington Healthcare Corp., 933 F.2d 1037, 1040 (D.C.Cir.1991). 6 . Advantage argues in the alternative that the court “lacks subject matter jurisdiction to hear any claim based on rights that P.G. Flospital may have by subrogation” because the patients did not exha (6th Cir.2002) (finding that professional medical organizations had standing to assert a § 1983 claim against state officials for violation of the Medicaid statute provisions requiring early and periodic screening; diagnosis, and treatment for Medicaid-eligible children); Mallo, 88 F.Supp.2d at 1391
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What is the most suitable continuation to the opinion? Your options are:
A. holding the medicaid act permits enforcement under  1983 notwithstanding inclusion of alternative state administrative procedures
B. holding state is not a proper defendant under  1983
C. holding that patient could sue state agency under  1983 for breaching its obligation under the balance billing provision of the medicaid statute
D. holding that a healthcare provider in a nonmanaged care system may sue under  1983 to enforce its claim that the formula used by the state agency to calculate its reimbursements was improper under  1396abb
E. holding that  1396aa8 is enforceable by medicaid recipients under  1983
Reply with [A, B, C, D, E] only.