Read the following excerpt from a US court opinion:
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forced prosecutors to institute bargaining systems that allowed them to dispose of minor cases expeditiously. Id. at 32. In 1945, for example, eighty-five percent of the 36,114 cases brought in federal court were resolved by guilty pleas. See Sourcebook of Criminal Justice Statistics Online, University of Albany, Table 5.22.2010, http://www.albany.edu/ sourcebook/pdf/t5222010.pdf (last visited August 10, 2015). By 1955, eighty percent of the 35,501 federal cases brought were settled by plea deals. Id. In 1965, post Gideon, ninety percent of the 28,757 federal cases opened were .resolved with plea agreements. Id. In 1970, the Supreme Court declared constitutional the practice of plea bargaining. See Brady v. United States, 397 U.S. 742, 747-48, 90 S.Ct. 1463, 25 L.Ed.2d 747 (1970) ; Santobello v. New York, 404 U.S. 257, 92
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What is the most suitable continuation to the opinion? Your options are:
A. holding guilty pleas are not constitutionally forbidden and are valid if made voluntarily and intelligently
B. holding that such provisions are valid
C. holding that one must voluntarily and intelligently waive the right to counsel
D. holding that conditional guilty pleas are valid when entered into in accordance with certain standards
E. holding that the defendants guilty plea was entered into knowingly voluntarily and intelligently
Reply with [A, B, C, D, E] only.