Read the following excerpt from a US court opinion:
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set aside and the charge dismissed. We disagree. Wharton’s Rule is a judicially created “doctrine of criminal law enunciating an exception to the general principle that a conspiracy and the substantive offense that is its immediate end are discrete crimes for which separate sanctions may be imposed.” Iannelli, 420 U.S. at 771, 95 S.Ct. at 1287. See generally Boyd, 236 Va. at 351, 374 S.E.2d at 303 (articulating the current law in Virginia that convictions may be had in a single trial for “both the completed substantive offense and the underlying conspiracy”). Under the rale, “[w]hen to the idea of an offense plurality of agents is logically necessary, conspiracy [to commit that offense] ... cannot be maintained.” Stewart v. Commonwealth, 225 Va. 473, 478, 303 S.E.2d 877, 879 (1983)  (quoting 2 F. Wharton, Criminal Law § 1604, at
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What is the most suitable continuation to the opinion? Your options are:
A. holding the crime of conspiracy is committed or not before the substantive crime begins
B. holding that counsel did not admit the defendant was guilty of a crime when counsel noted that if the evidence established the commission of any crime that crime was voluntary manslaughter not murder
C. holding that the rule of lenity applies to sentencing guidelines
D. holding that whartons rule applies to the crime of pandering
E. holding that exclusionary rule applies to civil forfeiture proceedings
Reply with [A, B, C, D, E] only.