Read the following excerpt from a US court opinion:
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the Gaming Center because Williams was being ejected. This time, the police officers who responded called Mayor Jackson, reported that Williams was creating a disturbance, and asked for guidance. Jackson responded by directing the officers to bring Williams to his office for questioning. The police handcuffed Williams, placed him in a police car, and brought him to the mayor’s office for interrogation. Williams seeks to hold the town liable based on Jackson’s action. There is no question that probable cause was required to detain Williams in this manner. As a Fourth Amendment matter, placing a suspect in handcuffs and transporting him to a government office for interrogation must be supported by probable cause. Kaupp v. Texas, 538 U.S. 626, 630, 123 S.Ct. 1843, 155 L.Ed.2d 814 (2003) ; United States v. Dunn, 345 F.3d 1285, 1288
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What is the most suitable continuation to the opinion? Your options are:
A. holding that the electronic submission of information across state lines qualifies as in or affecting interstate commerce internal quotation marks and brackets omitted
B. holding that involuntary transport to a police station for questioning is sufficiently like arrest to invoke the traditional rule that arrests may constitutionally be made only on probable cause internal quotation marks and brackets omitted
C. holding that compliance with rule 3 is both a mandatory and jurisdictional prerequisite to appeal internal quotation marks omitted
D. recognizing that the declaratory judgment act is only procedural and does not create substantive rights internal quotation marks and citations omitted
E. recognizing probable cause as complete defense to a claim of malicious prosecution in new york internal quotation marks and brackets omitted
Reply with [A, B, C, D, E] only.