Read the following excerpt from a US court opinion:
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U.S.C. § 1367(c)(3). 3 . See also Mesa v. Prejean, 543 F.3d 264, 273 (5th Cir. 2008) (explaining that a First Amendment claim based on arrest fails if probable cause existed); Brown v. Lyford, 243 F.3d 185, 189 (5th Cir. 2001) (“The ‘constitutional tort[]‘ of false arrest ... require[s] a showing of no probable cause.”). 4 . See Taylor v. Gregg, 36 F.3d 453, 455, 456-57 (5th Cir. 1994) (applying doctrine where presentment to magistrate and grand jury occurred after arrest), overruled on other grounds by Castellano v. Fragozo, 352 F.3d 939, 949 (5th Cir. 2003) (en banc). 5 . See Russell, 546 Fed.Appx. at 434, 436-37; see also Smith, 670 F.2d at 526 ("The constitution does not guarantee that only the guilty will be arrested.”). 6 .See Jones v. Cannon, 174 F.3d 1271, 1287 (11th Cir. 1999) ; Arnott v. Mataya, 995 F.2d 121, 124 n.4 (8th
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What is the most suitable continuation to the opinion? Your options are:
A. holding that a grand jury indictment insulated police officers from damages accruing after but notbefore the indictment
B. holding that the trial court erred in denying the defendants motion in arrest of judgment when the indictment lacked a material element and it was not apparent that the grand jury based the indictment on facts that satisfy this element of the crime and that the only permissible cure was to send the matter back to the grand jury
C. holding that in the situation of a possible dismissal of an indictment because of possible grand jury tampering  only where knowing perjury relating to a material matter has been presented to the grand jury should the trial judge dismiss an otherwise valid indictment
D. holding that tribal courts are not subject to the fifth amendments requirement of indictment by grand jury
E. holding that an indictment gave sufficient notice when the indictment charged the elements of the offense
Reply with [A, B, C, D, E] only.