Read the following excerpt from a US court opinion:
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courts have typically focused upon the right of the employer to control its annual budgetary and discretionary functions as well as the absence of an employee’s right to the continued existence of a particular means or method of compensation. In Keeling v. City of Grand Junction, 689 P.2d 679 (Colo.App.1984), for instance, the court found that an educational incentive pay program for police officers and firefighters did not create a contractual obligation. Id. at 680. The Court held that “plaintiffs do not have a vested contractual right in the continuance of a particular rate or method of compensation” and observed that “succeeding city councils are not bound by the legislative acts of their predecessors....” Id.; see also Schulz v. City of Longmont, 465 F.3d 433, 443 (10th Cir.2006) ; Colo. Springs Fire Fighters Ass’n v. City of
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What is the most suitable continuation to the opinion? Your options are:
A. holding that obligation to pay pension benefits gave rise to a constructive trust relationship and obligation was not discharged in bankruptcy
B. holding that a determination by the trial court of a clear and definite amount for support is necessary in establishing a partys ability to pay and in enforcing the obligation in future proceedings
C. holding that promises city made to pay annual step increases did not result in contractual obligation and municipalities retain ability to change compensation and benefits provided to employees
D. holding even in context of employee manual that policy which included agreement to provide annual salary increase of five percent did not constitute contract between city and employees and distinction between atwill employees and public employees was not dispositive in this context
E. holding that employers insurer who provided workers compensation benefits to employee but did not consent to employees settlement with thirdparty tortfeasor may maintain an action for payments that become payable in the future
Reply with [A, B, C, D, E] only.