Evaluate the collective function of references cited together in a given text segment.
Classify their combined role into one of the following categories: 'method', 'background', or 'result'.

Text:Lai and Massey [10] introduced a proposal for a new block encryption standard named IDEA which is based on ARX design with three different group operations modular addition, bitwise XOR and modular multiplication to achieve strong confusion and diffusion.
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