Evaluate the collective function of references cited together in a given text segment.
Classify their combined role into one of the following categories: 'method', 'background', or 'result'.

Text:Research investigating reactions to norm-deviations in online settings has to date
primarily focused on individuals’ profiles (e.g. Brody & Pena, 2013; McLaughlin & Vitak, 2012; Peña & Brody, 2014).
Category: