Evaluate the collective function of references cited together in a given text segment.
Classify their combined role into one of the following categories: 'method', 'background', or 'result'.

Text:Induction of specific genes by shear stress in endothelial cells is mediated by activation of mechanosensitive signaling pathways that include at least three members of the mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase family, extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 (ERK), c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK), and Big MAP kinase 1 (11, 14, 15, 22, 38, 44).
Category: