Evaluate the collective function of references cited together in a given text segment.
Classify their combined role into one of the following categories: 'method', 'background', or 'result'.

Text:This observation is highly interesting in light of the known prosurvival effect of sCLU (51) and the fact that high levels of gastrin over prolonged time periods, hypergastrinemia, is known to have a trophic effect on the gastric mucosa (59).
Category: