Evaluate the collective function of references cited together in a given text segment.
Classify their combined role into one of the following categories: 'method', 'background', or 'result'.

Text:Often, multiple interventions are bundled by a single artifact, which is an “artificial thing” (Romme, 2003, p. 562) that serves as “a means to an end” (Holmström et al., 2009, p. 67).
Category: