Evaluate the collective function of references cited together in a given text segment.
Classify their combined role into one of the following categories: 'method', 'background', or 'result'.

Text:As shown in the simulation studies in Bartroff and Lai (2008) and in the asymptotic theory in Section 4, this approach yields adaptive tests that are comparable to the benchmark optimal adaptive test of Jennison and Turnbull (2006a,b) for a normal mean, which assumes known variance and a specified…
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