Evaluate the collective function of references cited together in a given text segment.
Classify their combined role into one of the following categories: 'method', 'background', or 'result'.

Text:In addition, alcohol and smoking are major risk factors for CP, but additional risk factors appear to be necessary to specifically target the pancreas.(22,45,52) The mechanism underlying the pathology associated with CTRC G60G is unknown, but disruption of key regulator elements is likely.
Category: