Evaluate the collective function of references cited together in a given text segment.
Classify their combined role into one of the following categories: 'method', 'background', or 'result'.

Text:…this meta-perceptual distinction between being (perceived to be) dehumanized and disliked parallels a similar distinction between dehumanizing and disliking, which have been shown to exert independent effects on intergroup outcomes (e.g., Andrighetto et al., 2014; Kteily et al., 2015).
Category: