Evaluate the collective function of references cited together in a given text segment.
Classify their combined role into one of the following categories: 'method', 'background', or 'result'.

Text:MIES, using the global competitive ranking introduced by Runarsson and Yao (2002) as means of constraint handling, is also capable of solving F7–F12 as explained in more detail by Li et al. (2013).
Category: