Evaluate the collective function of references cited together in a given text segment.
Classify their combined role into one of the following categories: 'method', 'background', or 'result'.

Text:…plays a minimal role, because IFN-γ is unable to induce its nuclear translocation (Blanchette et al., 2003; Shenet al., 2005); others indicate that, byactivating Jak/STATindependent pathways, IFN-γ induces the nuclear translocation of both NF-κB and IRF-1 (Kim et al., 2004; Park et al., 2005).
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