2004) with the same splits as Müller and Schütze (2015). In order to make the tasks on GML and DEU more comparable, we limit the training data to roughly 20,000 tokens and lowercase all types and lemmas in both datasets.
Sample text:```We use BLEU (up to 4-grams) (Papineni et al., 2002) as evaluation metric, which computes the precision of n-grams in generated summaries with gold-standard abstracts as the reference.```
Sample intent: background
Sample text:```This seems to be the main drawback of the current implementation in comparison to the method of Black Jepson (“refined” in Table 1).```
Sample intent: result



Sample text:```Our results confi rm previous studies that reached the same conclusion (Boushey et al 1994; Vermeulen et al 2000; Till et al 2005; Marcucci et al 2005).```
Sample intent: result



Sample text:```…posttraining and follow-up was moderate in size after self-study instruction (mean d = −0.57; Martino et al., 2011; Miller et al., 2004; Moyers et al., 2008; Sholomskas et al., 2005) and after didactic workshop training (mean d = −0.55; Baer et al., 2004; Miller et al., 2004; Moyers et al., 2008).```
Sample intent: method



Sample text:```In this study, we used the Knowledge Map Concept Indexer (KMCI) (Denny et al., 2009), a general-purpose NLP engine, to process all paper titles from American Journal of Epidemiology (AJE).```
Sample intent: background



Sample text:```5 concentrations were computed for each participant using a hierarchical spatiotemporal model fit with a pragmatic estimation procedure described elsewhere [30,31].```
Sample intent: background
Sample text:```Only one published paper (Enock et al. 2014) has examined this question, and thatwas in the context of anABM training study.```
Sample intent: method



Sample text:```In this study, we used the Knowledge Map Concept Indexer (KMCI) (Denny et al., 2009), a general-purpose NLP engine, to process all paper titles from American Journal of Epidemiology (AJE).```
Sample intent: background



Sample text:```The studies on VA are conducted for several languages and actual datasets are acquired for different languages including English [12, 13], German [14], French [15], Spanish [16] and Chinese [17–19].```
Sample intent: method



Sample text:```5 concentrations were computed for each participant using a hierarchical spatiotemporal model fit with a pragmatic estimation procedure described elsewhere [30,31].```
Sample intent: background



Sample text:```Note that in their pioneering paper Calvet and Fisher (2002) proposed the simplified version of the construction of Mannersalo et al (2002).```
Sample intent: method



Sample text:```While this method is known to be generally reliable, there are some questions about the representativeness of the data used [25].```
Sample intent: background



Sample text:```Similar results were obtained for several other plant species in previous studies (peanut, common bean, chestnut, black gram) (Raina et al. 2001; Marotti et al. 2007; Goulao et al. 2001, Souframanien and Gopalakrishna 2004).```
Sample intent: result



Sample text:```Our results confi rm previous studies that reached the same conclusion (Boushey et al 1994; Vermeulen et al 2000; Till et al 2005; Marcucci et al 2005).```
Sample intent: result



Sample text:```…posttraining and follow-up was moderate in size after self-study instruction (mean d = −0.57; Martino et al., 2011; Miller et al., 2004; Moyers et al., 2008; Sholomskas et al., 2005) and after didactic workshop training (mean d = −0.55; Baer et al., 2004; Miller et al., 2004; Moyers et al., 2008).```
Sample intent: method



Sample text:```We use BLEU (up to 4-grams) (Papineni et al., 2002) as evaluation metric, which computes the precision of n-grams in generated summaries with gold-standard abstracts as the reference.```
Sample intent: background