Examples of such venomous protein families found in tick saliva are defensins [65], lectins [66], cystatins [67], lipocalins [21,68-71], hyaluronidase [72], phospholipase A2 [73], Kunitz-like peptides [56,74,75], metalloproteases [76], AVIT [77], CAP proteins (CysteineRich Secretion Proteins, Antigen 5, and Pathogenesis-Related) [2] and sphingomyelinase D [2].
Sample text:```Previous studies have shown that sialome genes were subject to strong ancient selective pressures that have resulted in species-specific adaptations (Varki 2001; Angata et al. 2004; Altheide et al. 2006; Varki & Gagneux 2009), suggesting that they likely evolved in response to ancient pathogens The function of sialome genes, i.```
Sample intent: result
Sample text:```…et al., 1981; Kopp et al., 1992; Tiruppathi et al., 1996; Blazejewski et al., 1997), a glycoprotein that has been shown to be involved in protein binding (especially of albumin) in other epithelia (Kopp et al., 1992; Blazejewski et al., 1997), could perform this function at the blood–CSF interface.```
Sample intent: method



Sample text:```Unlabeled DNA substrates containing consensus 12-RSS, 23-RSS, Hox11 or non-specific DNA sequences (DAR81/82) were prepared from oligonucleotides described previously [11,24].```
Sample intent: background



Sample text:```It was shown that cathepsins are also present in other insects, e.g. Helicoverpa armigera (Yang et al., 2006) and Bombyx mori (Gui et al., 2006; Lee et al., 2009) and are involved in programmed cell death during metamorphosis.```
Sample intent: method



Sample text:```Intriguingly, using MPRs-deficient MEF cells, mouse and human CLN5 have been shown to reach lysosomes in an MPRindependent manner [12].```
Sample intent: background



Sample text:```We screened for potential TF binding sites using STAMP [59], with the motifs’ position weight matrices (PWMs) retrieved from the TRANSFAC database [60].```
Sample intent: background
Sample text:```These results are in line with morphological abnormalities in a rabbit model of pneumococcal meningitis [8, 47], in neonatal and adult rat models [7, 51] and in human autopsy cases [20].```
Sample intent: result



Sample text:```…have been found that possess IQ motif/s: the IQD family that contains a IQ67 domain (Abel et al. 2005; Levy et al. 2005), the myosin family (Knight and Kendrick 1993; Reddy and Day 2001; Holweg and Nick 2004; Ojangu et al. 2007), the CaMbinding transcriptional activators (CAMTA) family…```
Sample intent: method



Sample text:```It was shown that cathepsins are also present in other insects, e.g. Helicoverpa armigera (Yang et al., 2006) and Bombyx mori (Gui et al., 2006; Lee et al., 2009) and are involved in programmed cell death during metamorphosis.```
Sample intent: method



Sample text:```Previous studies have shown that sialome genes were subject to strong ancient selective pressures that have resulted in species-specific adaptations (Varki 2001; Angata et al. 2004; Altheide et al. 2006; Varki & Gagneux 2009), suggesting that they likely evolved in response to ancient pathogens The function of sialome genes, i.```
Sample intent: result



Sample text:```The PCR product was digested with AgeI/NotI and ligated between the G and the L gene (similar to Roberts et al., 1999) into the vectors pVSVCT-1 and pVSVCT-9 (Schnell et al., 1998), which had been digested with XmaI/NotI.```
Sample intent: background



Sample text:```We screened for potential TF binding sites using STAMP [59], with the motifs’ position weight matrices (PWMs) retrieved from the TRANSFAC database [60].```
Sample intent: background



Sample text:```Similar results were obtained for several other plant species in previous studies (peanut, common bean, chestnut, black gram) (Raina et al. 2001; Marotti et al. 2007; Goulao et al. 2001, Souframanien and Gopalakrishna 2004).```
Sample intent: result



Sample text:```Unlabeled DNA substrates containing consensus 12-RSS, 23-RSS, Hox11 or non-specific DNA sequences (DAR81/82) were prepared from oligonucleotides described previously [11,24].```
Sample intent: background



Sample text:```…et al., 1981; Kopp et al., 1992; Tiruppathi et al., 1996; Blazejewski et al., 1997), a glycoprotein that has been shown to be involved in protein binding (especially of albumin) in other epithelia (Kopp et al., 1992; Blazejewski et al., 1997), could perform this function at the blood–CSF interface.```
Sample intent: method



Sample text:```This is interesting in relation to the result from our previous CGH study (comparing the number of significantly hybridizing probes on the microarray) that showed high sequence divergence on the Z chromosome between the common whitethroat and the zebra finch [62]; and such patterns are also found in other species [48,51,69].```
Sample intent: result