title: Cefradine
text: Cefradine (INN) or cephradine (BAN) is a first generation  cephalosporin antibiotic.
  
  Indications 
   Respiratory tract infections (such as tonsillitis, pharyngitis, and lobar pneumonia) caused by group A beta-hemolytic streptococci and S. pneumoniae (formerly D. pneumonia).
   Otitis media caused by group A beta-hemolytic streptococci, S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, and staphylococci.
   Skin and skin structure infections caused by staphylococci (penicillin-susceptible and penicillin-resistant) and beta-hemolytic streptococci.
   Urinary tract infections, including prostatitis, caused by E. coli, P. mirabilis and Klebsiella species.
  
  Formulations 
  Cefradine is distributed in the form of capsules containing 250 mg or 500 mg, as a syrup containing 250 mg/5 ml, or in vials for injection containing 500 mg or 1 g.
  
  It is not approved by the FDA for use in the United States.
  
  Synthesis 
  Birch reduction of D-α-phenylglycine led to diene (2). This was N-protected using tert-butoxycarbonylazide and activated for amide formation via the mixed anhydride method using isobutylchloroformate to give 3. Mixed anhydride 3 reacted readily with 7-aminodesacetoxycephalosporanic acid to give, after deblocking, cephradine (5).
  
  Production names 
  The antibiotic is produced under many brand names across the world.
    Bangladesh: Ancef, Ancef forte, Aphrin, Avlosef, Cefadin, Cephadin, Cephran, Cephran-DS, Cusef, Cusef DS, Dicef , Dicef forte, Dolocef, Efrad, Elocef, Extracef, Extracef-DS, Intracef, Kefdrin, Lebac, Lebac Forte, Medicef, Mega-Cef, Megacin, Polycef, Procef, Procef, Procef forte, Rocef, Rocef Forte DS, Sefin, Sefin DS, Sefnin, Sefrad, Sefrad DS, Sefril, Sefril-DS, Sefro, Sefro-HS, Sephar, Sephar-DS, Septa, Sinaceph, SK-Cef, Sk-Cef DS, Supracef and Supracef-F, Torped, Ultrasef, Vecef, Vecef-DS, Velogen, Sinaceph, Velox
    China: Cefradine, Cephradine, Kebili, Saifuding, Shen You, Taididing, Velosef, Xianyi, and Xindadelei
    Colombia: Cefagram, Cefrakov, Cefranil , Cefrex, and Kliacef
    Egypt: Cefadrin, Cefadrine, Cephradine, Cephraforte, Farcosef, Fortecef, Mepadrin, Ultracef, and Velosef
    France: Dexef
    Hong Kong: Cefradine  and ChinaQualisef-250
    Indonesia: Dynacef, Velodine, and Velodrom
    Lebanon: Eskacef, Julphacef, and Velosef
    Lithuania: Tafril
    Myanmar: Sinaceph
    Oman: Ceframed, Eskasef, Omadine, and Velocef
    Pakistan: Abidine, Ada-Cef, Ag-cef, Aksosef, Amspor, Anasef, Antimic, Atcosef, Bactocef, Biocef, Biodine, Velora, Velosef
    Peru: Abiocef, Cefradinal, Cefradur, Cefrid, Terbodina II, Velocef, Velomicin
    Philippines: Altozef, Racep, Senadex, Solphride, Yudinef, Zefadin, Zefradil, and Zolicef
    Poland: Tafril
    Portugal: Cefalmin, Cefradur
    South Africa: Cefril A
    South Korea: Cefradine and Tricef
    Taiwan: Cefadin, Cefamid, Cefin, Cekodin, Cephradine, Ceponin, Lacef, Licef-A, Lisacef, Lofadine, Recef, S-60, Sefree, Sephros, Topcef, Tydine, Unifradine, and U-Save
    UK: Cefradune (Kent)
    Vietnam: Eurosefro and Incef
  
  See also 
   Cephapirin
   Cephacetrile
   Cefamandole
   Ampicillin (Has the same chemical formula)
  
  Notes
  
  References 
  
  Cephalosporin antibiotics
  Enantiopure drugs