title: Civil Rights Memorial
text: The Civil Rights Memorial is an American memorial in Montgomery, Alabama, created by Maya Lin.  The names of 41 people are inscribed on the granite fountain as martyrs who were killed in the civil rights movement. The memorial is sponsored by the Southern Poverty Law Center.
  
  Design
  The names included in the memorial belong to those who were killed between 1955 and 1968. The dates chosen represent a time when legalized segregation was prominent. In 1956 the U.S. Supreme Court ruled in Brown v. Board of Education that racial segregation in schools was unlawful and 1968 is the year of the assassination of Martin Luther King Jr. The monument was created by Maya Lin, who also created the Vietnam Veterans Memorial in Washington, D.C. The Civil Rights Memorial was dedicated in 1989.
  
  The concept of Lin's design is based on the soothing and healing effect of water. It was inspired by a passage from King's 1963 "I Have a Dream" speech "...we will not be satisfied "until justice rolls down like waters and righteousness like a mighty stream..."  The quotation in the passage, which is inscribed on the memorial, is a direct paraphrase of Amos 5:24, as translated in the American Standard Version of the Bible.  The memorial is a fountain in the form of an asymmetric inverted stone cone.  A film of water flows over the base of the cone, which contains the 41 names included. It is possible to touch the smooth film of water and to alter it temporarily, which quickly returns to smoothness. The memorial is designed in a timeline manner. It begins with Brown v. Board in 1954, and ends with Martin Luther King Jr.'s assassination in 1968.
  
  Tours and location
  The memorial is in downtown Montgomery, at 400 Washington Avenue, in an open plaza in front of the Civil Rights Memorial Center, which was the offices of the Southern Poverty Law Center until it moved across the street into a new building in 2001. The memorial may be visited freely 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.
  
  The Civil Rights Memorial Center offers guided group tours, lasting approximately one hour. Tours are available by appointment, Monday to Saturday.
  
  The memorial is only a few blocks from other historic sites, including the Dexter Avenue King Memorial Baptist Church, the Alabama State Capitol, the Alabama Department of Archives and History, the corners where Claudette Colvin and Rosa Parks boarded buses in 1955 on which they would later refuse to give up their seats, and the Rosa Parks Library and Museum.
  
  Names included
  
  "Civil Rights Martyrs"
  The 41 names included in the Civil Rights Memorial are those of:
  
   Louis Allen
   Willie Brewster
   Benjamin Brown
   Johnnie Mae Chappell
   James Chaney
   Addie Mae Collins
   Vernon Dahmer
   Jonathan Daniels
   Henry Hezekiah Dee
   Roman Ducksworth Jr.
   Willie Edwards
   Medgar Evers
   Andrew Goodman
   Paul Guihard
   Samuel Hammond Jr.
   Jimmie Lee Jackson
   Wharlest Jackson
   Martin Luther King Jr.
   Bruce W. Klunder
   George W. Lee
   Herbert Lee
   Viola Liuzzo
   Denise McNair
   Delano Herman Middleton
   Charles Eddie Moore
   Oneal Moore
   William Lewis Moore
   Mack Charles Parker
   Lemuel Penn
   James Reeb
   John Earl Reese
   Carole Robertson
   Michael Schwerner
   Henry Ezekial Smith
   Lamar Smith
   Emmett Till
   Clarence Triggs
   Virgil Lamar Ware
   Cynthia Wesley
   Ben Chester White
   Sammy Younge Jr.
  
  "The Forgotten" 
  "The Forgotten" are 74 people who are identified in a display at the Civil Rights Memorial Center.  These names were not inscribed on the Memorial because there was insufficient information about their deaths at the time the Memorial was created.  However, it is thought that these people were killed as a result of racially motivated violence between 1952 and 1968.
  
   Andrew Lee Anderson
   Frank Andrews
   Isadore Banks
   Larry Bolden
   James Brazier
   Thomas Brewer
   Hilliard Brooks
   Charles Brown
   Jessie Brown
   Carrie Brumfield
   Eli Brumfield
   Silas (Ernest) Caston
   Clarence Cloninger
   Willie Countryman
   Vincent Dahmon
   Woodrow Wilson Daniels
   Joseph Hill Dumas
   Pheld Evans
   J. E. Evanston
   Mattie Greene
   Jasper Greenwood
   Jimmie Lee Griffith
   A. C. Hall
   Rogers Hamilton
   Collie Hampton
   Alphonso Harris
   Izell Henry
   Arthur James Hill
   Ernest Hunter
   Luther Jackson
   Ernest Jells
   Joe Franklin Jeter
   Marshall Johnson
   John Lee
   Willie Henry Lee
   Richard Lillard
   George Love
   Robert McNair
   Maybelle Mahone
   Sylvester Maxwell
   Clinton Melton
   James Andrew Miller
   Booker T. Mixon
   Nehemiah Montgomery
   Frank Morris
   James Earl Motley
   Sam O'Quinn
   Hubert Orsby
   Larry Payne
   C. H. Pickett
   Albert Pitts
   David Pitts
   Ernest McPharland
   Jimmy Powell
   William Roy Prather
   Johnny Queen
   Donald Rasberry
   Fred Robinson
   Johnny Robinson
   Willie Joe Sanford
   Marshall Scott Jr.
   Jessie James Shelby
   W. G. Singleton
   Ed Smith
   Eddie James Stewart
   Isaiah Taylor
   Freddie Lee Thomas
   Saleam Triggs
   Hubert Varner
   Clifton Walker
   James Waymers
   John Wesley Wilder
   Rodell Williamson
   Archie Wooden
  
  See also
   Civil rights movement in popular culture
   History of fountains in the United States
   Title I of the Civil Rights Act of 1968
  
  References
  
  External links
   Official Site
   Civil Rights Martyrs
  
  1989 establishments in Alabama
  1989 sculptures
  Buildings and structures in Montgomery, Alabama
  Fountains in Alabama
  History of civil rights in the United States
  History of Montgomery, Alabama
  Monuments and memorials in Alabama
  Monuments and memorials of the civil rights movement
  Southern Poverty Law Center
  Tourist attractions in Montgomery, Alabama
  Martyrs' monuments and memorials