title: Constantius of Perugia
text: Constantius of Perugia (also known as Costantius, Constance or Costanzo) (died c. 170 AD) is one of the patron saints of Perugia, Italy.
  
  Legend
  According to his legend, of which four versions exist, he was arrested during the persecutions of Antoninus (some sources say Marcus Aurelius) and whipped, and then forced into a stove along with his companions, from which all escaped unharmed.  He was jailed and set free by his guards, whom he had converted to Christianity.  He sought refuge in a house owned by a Christian named Anastasius.  But he, along with Anastasius, were arrested again and after being tortured in prisons at Assisi and Spello, were decapitated near Foligno.
  
  Local tradition makes him the first bishop of Perugia.  This tradition states that he became the first bishop of the city at the age of 30. He was active in evangelism and care for the poor.
  
  Veneration
  His cult was diffused beyond Umbria. He was listed in the Martyrologium Hieronymianum under the feast day of January 29.
  
  The four variations of his legend are consistent in regards to the place of his martyrdom (Foligno).  A church in Perugia dedicated to him was demolished in 1527.  The accounts of his martyrdom state that his body was carried to Perugia and buried near the site of the present-day cathedral there.  His relics were translated in 1825 with great solemnity to a new altar at the present-day church of San Costanzo.
  
  On his feast day, "torcolo", a ring-shaped cake made of pine nuts, raisins, and dried fruit, is a traditional food in Perugia.
  
  In art, Costantius is often represented as a bishop wearing a mitre and robe and bearing a crozier. He frequently appears in the company of another Perugian patron saint, Sant'Ercolano (Herculanus of Perugia). His feast day is 29 January.
  
  See also
   Abundius of Umbria, martyred in Umbria in 303.
  
  Notes
  
  References
  Patron Saints at Catholic-Forum.com
  The Book of Saints: A dictionary of persons canonized or beatified by the Catholic Church. Benedictine Monks of St. Augustine Abbey, Ramsgate. NY: Thomas Y. Crowell, 1966.
  "A Reconstruction of Taddeo di Bartolo's Altarpiece for San Francesco al Prato, Perugia," by Gail E. Solberg. The Burlington Magazine, Vol. 134, No. 1075 (October  1992)p. 646–656.
  Umbria Best Gastronomy
   San Costanzo di Perugia
  
  External links
  Constantius at Patron Saints Index
  29 January saints at Saint Patrick's Church
  
  170 deaths
  People from Perugia
  2nd-century Italian bishops
  Saints from Roman Italy
  Bishops in Umbria
  2nd-century Christian martyrs
  Year of birth unknown