title: Brassicales
text: The Brassicales (or Cruciales) are an order of flowering plants, belonging to the eurosids II group of dicotyledons under the APG II system. One character common to many members of the order is the production of glucosinolate (mustard oil) compounds. Most systems of classification have included this order, although sometimes under the name Capparales (the name chosen depending on which is thought to have priority).
  
  The order typically contains the following families:
   Akaniaceae – two species of turnipwood trees, native to Asia and eastern Australia
   Bataceae – salt-tolerant shrubs from America and Australasia
   Brassicaceae – mustard and cabbage family; may include the Cleomaceae
   Capparaceae – caper family, sometimes included in Brassicaceae
   Caricaceae – papaya family
   Cleomaceae
   Gyrostemonaceae – several genera of small shrubs and trees endemic to temperate parts of Australia
   Koeberliniaceae – one species of thorn bush native to Mexico and the US Southwest
   Limnanthaceae – meadowfoam family
   Moringaceae – thirteen species of trees from Africa and India
   Pentadiplandraceae – African species whose berries have two highly sweet tasting proteins
   Resedaceae – mignonette family
   Salvadoraceae – three genera found from Africa to Java
   Setchellanthaceae
   Tiganophytaceae
   Tovariaceae
   Tropaeolaceae – nasturtium family
  
  Classification 
  The following diagram shows the phylogeny of the Brassicales families along with their estimated ages, based on a 2018 study of plastid DNA:
  
  On 20 April 2020, a newly described monotypic species from Namibia, namely, Tiganophyton karasense  is placed under this order as a monotypic member of new family Tiganophytaceae, which is closely related to Bataceae, Salvadoraceae and Koeberliniaceae.
  
  Historic classifications 
  Under the Cronquist system, the Brassicales were called the Capparales, and included among the "Dilleniidae".  The only families included were the Brassicaceae and Capparaceae (treated as separate families), the Tovariaceae, Resedaceae, and Moringaceae.  Other taxa now included here were placed in various other orders.
  
  The families Capparaceae and Brassicaceae are closely related.  One group, consisting of Cleome and related genera, was traditionally included in the Capparaceae but doing so results in a paraphyletic Capparaceae.  Therefore, this group is generally now either included in the Brassicaceae or as its own family, Cleomaceae.
  
  Gallery of type genera 
  
  Setchellanthaceae is sometimes known as the azulita family.
  
  References
  
  External links 
  
   
  Angiosperm orders