title: Charles Tegart
text: Sir Charles Augustus Tegart  (5 October 1881 – 6 April 1946) was an Irish police officer who served extensively in British India and Palestine.
  
  Early life
  
  Born in Derry on 5 October 1881, Tegart was the son of a Church of Ireland clergyman, Rev. Joseph Poulter Tegart of Dunboyne, County Meath, and his wife Georgina Johnston. He was educated at Portora Royal School, Enniskillen and briefly at Trinity College, Dublin. He retained contacts there and was awarded an honorary doctorate in 1933. Prior to his roles in India, he served as chief assistant to Ormonde Winter, the head of British Intelligence operations in Ireland during the Irish War of Independence.
  
  Career in India
  
  He joined the Calcutta Police in 1901, eventually becoming head of its Detective Department.
  
  He was the first officer of the Indian Imperial Police (IMP) in the Council and on his report its Special Branch was created.
  
  He was awarded the King's Police Medal in 1911. He became Superintendent of Police in 1908, Deputy Commissioner in 1913, Deputy-Inspector General (Intelligence) in 1918, and Commissioner of Calcutta Police from 1923 to 1931.
  
  Charles Tegart tried to suppress the nationalists of India such as Jatindranath Mukherjee at Balasore in Orissa on 9 September 1915.
  
  He was appointed a member of the Secretary of State's Indian Council in December 1931.
  
  Career in Palestine
  
  In view of his expertise, the British authorities sent him to the British Mandate of Palestine, then in the throes of the Arab Revolt, to advise the Inspector General on matters of security. He arrived there in December 1937.
  
  In due course, he advised the construction of 77 reinforced concrete police stations and posts which could be defended against the attack, and of a frontier fence along the northern border of Palestine to control the movement of insurgents, goods, and weapons. His recommendations were accepted and 62 new "Tegart forts", as they came to be known, were built throughout Palestine, however all but a few located along the Lebanese border were built after the Arab Revolt, in 1940–41. Many of them are still in use, some by Israeli forces and others by Palestinian ones, while others were destroyed in various rounds of fighting.
  
  Tegart also was the mastermind behind the establishment of the Arab Investigation Centres in Palestine during the Great Arab revolt. The centres were for the interrogation of suspected Arab insurgents, and torture was frequently used during interrogations. Tactics used include the Turkish practice of falaka (beating prisoners on the soles of their feet), though some historians have claimed that there is no conclusive proof to be found in Tegart's personal papers in support of the accusations that he personally oversaw interrogation centres or that he developed new torture techniques.
  
  World War II
  
  In 1942, Tegart headed up operations at the Ministry of Food in wartime Britain to combat the black market.
  
  See also
  
   Arab Investigation Centres, built under the direction of Charles Tegart
   Cellular Jail
   Bagha Jatin, comments by Tegart on his death
   Herbert Dowbiggin, British colonial policeman
  
  References
  
  Further reading
  
   Tutun Mukherjee, "Colonialism, Surveillance and Memoirs of travel: Tegart's Diaries and the Andaman Cellular Jail", in Sachidananda Mohanty (ed.) Travel writing and the Empire, Katha, 2004. . See also  in The Hindu.
   Sir Charles Tegart Collection , held at St Antony's College, Oxford University.
   'Charles Tegart of the Indian Police': an unpublished biography by Lady Tegart, Mss Eur C235 in British Library, Asia, Pacific, and Africa Collections.
  
  British colonial police officers
  Irish knights
  Indian Police Service officers in British India
  Hindu–German Conspiracy
  Indian police chiefs
  Knights Commander of the Order of the Indian Empire
  Members of the Royal Victorian Order
  Police officers from Kolkata
  Northern Irish recipients of the Queen's Police Medal
  Administrators of Palestine
  1881 births
  1946 deaths
  People of the 1936–1939 Arab revolt in Palestine
  People educated at Portora Royal School
  People from Derry (city)
  Indian justices of the peace
  Irish expatriates in British India
  British Combined Intelligence Unit personnel
  Police misconduct in India
  Police brutality in Israel
  British people in Mandatory Palestine