title: Brother
text: A brother (: brothers or brethren) is a man or boy who shares one or more parents with another; a male sibling. The female counterpart is a sister. Although the term typically refers to a familial relationship, it is sometimes used endearingly to refer to non-familial relationships. A full brother is a first degree relative.
  
  Overview
  
  The term brother comes from the Proto-Indo-European *bʰréh₂tēr, which becomes Latin frater, of the same meaning. Sibling warmth or affection between male siblings has been correlated to some more negative effects. In pairs of brothers, higher sibling warmth is related to more risk taking behaviour, although risk taking behaviour is not related to sibling warmth in any other type of sibling pair. The cause of this phenomenon in which sibling warmth is only correlated with risk taking behaviours in brother pairs still is unclear. This finding does, however, suggest that although sibling conflict is a risk factor for risk taking behaviour, sibling warmth does not serve as a protective factor. Some studies suggest that girls having an older brother delays the onset of menarche by roughly one year. Research also suggests that the likelihood of being gay increases with the more older brothers a man has. Some analyzers have suggested that a man's attractiveness to a heterosexual woman may increase with the more he resembles her brother, while his unattractiveness may increase the more his likeness diverges from her brother. Females with a twin or very close-in-age brother, sometimes view him as their male alter ego, or what they would have been like, if they had a Y chromosomes.
  
  Fraternal relationship
  
  The book Nicomachean Ethics, Book VIII written by Aristotle in 350 B.C.E., offers a way in which people should view the relationships between biological brothers. The relationship of brothers is laid out with the following quote: 
  "The friendship of brothers has the characteristics found in that of comrades and in general between people who are like each other, is as much as they belong more to each other and start with a love for each other from their very birth, and in as much as those born to the same parents and brought up together and similarly educated are more akin in character; and the test of time has been applied most fully and convincingly in their case".
  For these reasons, it is the job of the older brother to influence the ethics of the younger brother by being a person of good action. Aristotle says "by imitating and reenacting the acts of good people, a child becomes habituated to good action". Over time the younger brother will develop the good actions of the older brother as well and be like him. Aristotle also adds this on the matter of retaining the action of doing good once imitated: "Once the habits of ethics or immorality become entrenched, they are difficult to break." The good habits that are created by the influence of the older brother become habit in the life of the younger brother and turn out to be seemingly permanent. It is the role of the older brother to be a positive influence on the development of the younger brother's upbringing when it comes to the education of ethics and good actions. When positive characteristics are properly displayed to the younger brother by the older brother, these habits and characteristics are imitated and foster an influential understanding of good ethics and positive actions.
  
  Famous brothers
  
  Gracchi, Ancient Roman reformers
   George Washington Adams, John Adams II, and Charles Francis Adams Sr., politicians
   Ben Affleck and Casey Affleck, actors
  The Alexander Brothers; musicians
  Alec Baldwin, William Baldwin, Stephen Baldwin, Daniel Baldwin, also known as the Baldwin brothers; actors
  John and Lionel Barrymore, actors
  Chang and Eng Bunker, the original Siamese twins
  George W. Bush, Jeb Bush, Neil Bush and Marvin Bush, sons of George H. W. Bush
  David Carradine, Keith Carradine, and Robert Carradine, American actors
  Bill Clinton, 42nd President of the United States,  and Roger Clinton Jr., his younger half-brother
  Joel and Ethan Coen; filmmakers
  Stephen Curry and Seth Curry; current NBA point guards in the Western Conference
  Dizzy and Daffy Dean, Major League Baseball pitchers
  Mark DeBarge, Randy DeBarge, El DeBarge, James DeBarge, and Bobby DeBarge, the male members of the singing group DeBarge
  Emilio Estevez and Charlie Sheen, actors
  Isaac Everly and Phil Everly, The Everly Brothers, singers
  Liam Gallagher and Noel Gallagher, members of Oasis (band)
  Barry Gibb, Robin Gibb, and Maurice Gibb, members of the Brothers Gibb or "Bee Gees" singing group
  John Gotti, Eugene "Gene" Gotti, Peter Gotti and Richard V. Gotti, New York "made men" with the Gambino crime family
  Frederick Dent Grant, Ulysses S. Grant Jr., and Jesse Root Grant
  Jacob Grimm and Wilhelm Grimm, known as the Brothers Grimm, German academics and folk tale collectors
  Matt Hardy and Jeff Hardy, professional wrestlers
  Herbert Hoover Jr. and Allan Hoover
  Pau and Marc Gasol, professional basketball players
  O'Kelly Isley Jr., Rudolph Isley, and Ronald Isley, Ernie Isley, Marvin Isley, and Vernon Isley, members of The Isley Brothers singer-songwriting group and band, which also included their brother-in-law, Chris Jasper
  Jackie Jackson, Tito Jackson, Jermaine Jackson, Marlon Jackson, Michael Jackson and Randy Jackson, members of The Jackson 5 and later The Jacksons
  Jesse and Frank James, Old West outlaws
  John, Robert and Ted Kennedy, politicians
  Edward M. Kennedy Jr. and Patrick J. Kennedy, politicians
  Terry Labonte and Bobby Labonte, race car drivers
  Robert Todd Lincoln, Edward Baker Lincoln, William Wallace Lincoln and Tad Lincoln, sons of Abraham Lincoln 
  Loud Brothers, piano designers and manufacturers
  Eli and Peyton Manning, National Football League quarterbacks
  Mario and Luigi, video game characters
  John McCain, U.S. Senator and two-time presidential candidate, and Joe McCain, American stage actor, newspaper reporter
  Justin, Travis, and Griffin McElroy, podcasters
  Billy Leon McCrary and Benny Loyd McCrary, wrestlers known as The McGuire Twins
  Harold Nixon, Richard Nixon, Donald Nixon, Arthur Nixon, and Edward Nixon
  Alan Osmond, Wayne Osmond, Merrill Osmond, Jay Osmond and Donny Osmond, members of The Osmonds
  Logan Paul and Jake Paul, YouTubers, internet personalities, and actors
  Neil and Ronald Reagan
  Ringling brothers, circus performers, owners, and show runners
  John D. Rockefeller and William Rockefeller, co-founders of Standard Oil and members of the Rockefeller family
  Cornelius Roosevelt and James I. Roosevelt
  Theodore Roosevelt Jr., Kermit Roosevelt, Archibald Bulloch Roosevelt, and Quentin Roosevelt
  James Roosevelt, Elliot Roosevelt, Franklin Delano Roosevelt Jr., and John Aspinwall Roosevelt
  Russo brothers, filmmakers, producers, and directors
  Daniel Sedin and Henrik Sedin, professional hockey players
  Wallace Shawn and Allen Shawn, writer and composer of The Fever
  Bobby Shriver, Timothy Shriver, Mark Shriver, and Anthony Shriver
  Thomas "Tommy" Smothers and Richard "Dick" Smothers, performing artists known as the Smothers Brothers
  Prabowo Subianto and Hashim Djojohadikusumo, politicians
  Fred Trump Jr., Donald Trump, and Robert Trump
  Vincent van Gogh, painter, and Theo van Gogh, art dealer
  J. J. Watt, T. J. Watt, Derek Watt, National Football League Players
  Damon Wayans, Dwayne Wayans, Keenan Ivory Wayans, Marlon Wayans, Shawn Wayans, performing artists, directors and producers
  Bob Weinstein and Harvey Weinstein, film producers
  Brian Wilson, Dennis Wilson, and Carl Wilson, members of The Beach Boys
  Marvin Winans, Carvin Winans, Michael Winans, and Ronald Winans, members of The Winans, singers and musicians
  Orville Wright and Wilbur Wright, known as the Wright brothers, pioneer aviators
  Agus Harimurti Yudhoyono and Edhie Baskoro Yudhoyono, politicians
  
  Other works about brothers
  
   In the Bible:
   Cain and Abel, the sons of Adam and Eve
   Jacob and Esau, the sons of Isaac and Rebecca
   Moses and Aaron, prophets
   Sts. Peter and Andrew, apostles
   Sts. James and John, apostles
   Sts. Thomas and his unnamed twin brother
  My Brother, My Brother, and Me, podcast
  Saving Private Ryan (1998), film
  Simon & Simon, television series
  Supernatural, American television series
  The Brothers Karamazov, novel
  The Wayans Bros., television series
  Bonanza (1959–1973), television series
  In the Ramayana:
  Rama, Lakshmana, Bharata, and Shatrughna
  In the Mahabharata:
  The Pandavas – Yudhishthira, Arjuna, Bhima, Sahadeva and Nakula
  The Kauravas – One hundred brothers including Duryodhana, Dushasana and Vikarna, among others
  
  See also
  Brotherhood (disambiguation)
  Sister
  Stepsibling
  
  References
  
  External links
   
   
  
   
  Terms for men
  Kinship and descent
  Sibling