





'''simple docstring'''


def       __snake_case		( SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE_ :			str )							->     str:

       """simple docstring"""


       if not all(char in '''01''' for char in bin_string ):
              raise ValueError('''Non-binary value was passed to the function''' )
       if not bin_string:
              raise ValueError('''Empty string was passed to the function''' )
       UpperCAmelCase  =						''''''
       while len(SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE_ ) % 3 != 0:
              UpperCAmelCase  =						'''0''' + bin_string
       UpperCAmelCase  =						[
           bin_string[index : index + 3]
           for index in range(len(SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE_ ) )
           if index % 3 == 0
       ]
       for bin_group in bin_string_in_3_list:
              UpperCAmelCase  =						0
              for index, val in enumerate(SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE_ ):
                     oct_val += int(2 ** (2 - index) * int(SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE_ ) )
              oct_string += str(SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE_ )
       return oct_string


if __name__ == "__main__":
    from doctest import testmod

    testmod()



import numpy as np

import datasets


SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE		:     Optional[int]         =	"\nCompute the Mahalanobis Distance\n\nMahalonobis distance is the distance between a point and a distribution.\nAnd not between two distinct points. It is effectively a multivariate equivalent of the Euclidean distance.\nIt was introduced by Prof. P. C. Mahalanobis in 1936\nand has been used in various statistical applications ever since\n[source: https://www.machinelearningplus.com/statistics/mahalanobis-distance/]\n"

SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE		:     Dict         =	"\\n@article{de2000mahalanobis,\n  title={The mahalanobis distance},\n  author={De Maesschalck, Roy and Jouan-Rimbaud, Delphine and Massart, D{\'e}sir{\'e} L},\n  journal={Chemometrics and intelligent laboratory systems},\n  volume={50},\n  number={1},\n  pages={1--18},\n  year={2000},\n  publisher={Elsevier}\n}\n"

SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE		:     List[str]         =	"\nArgs:\n    X: List of datapoints to be compared with the `reference_distribution`.\n    reference_distribution: List of datapoints from the reference distribution we want to compare to.\nReturns:\n    mahalanobis: The Mahalonobis distance for each datapoint in `X`.\nExamples:\n\n    >>> mahalanobis_metric = datasets.load_metric(\"mahalanobis\")\n    >>> results = mahalanobis_metric.compute(reference_distribution=[[0, 1], [1, 0]], X=[[0, 1]])\n    >>> print(results)\n    {'mahalanobis': array([0.5])}\n"

@datasets.utils.file_utils.add_start_docstrings(_DESCRIPTION	,	_KWARGS_DESCRIPTION				)
class        UpperCamelCase						(				datasets.Metric				):





						def        A_							(self						)				->				str:
												return datasets.MetricInfo(
												    description=_DESCRIPTION			,     citation=_CITATION			,     inputs_description=_KWARGS_DESCRIPTION			,     features=datasets.Features(
												        {
												            """X""": datasets.Sequence(datasets.Value("""float"""			,     id="""sequence"""						)			,     id="""X"""						),
												        }						)			,     )





						def        A_							(self			,     __UpperCamelCase			,     __UpperCamelCase						)				->				int:
												# convert to numpy arrays
												UpperCamelCase_		:							int  =		np.array(__UpperCamelCase						)
												UpperCamelCase_		:							Union[str, Any]  =		np.array(__UpperCamelCase						)

												# Assert that arrays are 2D
												if len(X.shape						) != 2:
																		raise ValueError("""Expected `X` to be a 2D vector"""						)
												if len(reference_distribution.shape						) != 2:
																		raise ValueError("""Expected `reference_distribution` to be a 2D vector"""						)
												if reference_distribution.shape[0] < 2:
																		raise ValueError(
																		    """Expected `reference_distribution` to be a 2D vector with more than one element in the first dimension"""						)

												# Get mahalanobis distance for each prediction
												UpperCamelCase_		:							str  =		X - np.mean(__UpperCamelCase						)
												UpperCamelCase_		:							Dict  =		np.cov(reference_distribution.T						)
												try:
																		UpperCamelCase_		:							str  =		np.linalg.inv(__UpperCamelCase						)
												except np.linalg.LinAlgError:
																		UpperCamelCase_		:							List[Any]  =		np.linalg.pinv(__UpperCamelCase						)
												UpperCamelCase_		:							Tuple  =		np.dot(__UpperCamelCase			,     __UpperCamelCase						)
												UpperCamelCase_		:							Tuple  =		np.dot(__UpperCamelCase			,     X_minus_mu.T						).diagonal()

												return {"mahalanobis": mahal_dist}






