





'''simple docstring'''




from __future__ import annotations

import math
from collections import Counter
from string import ascii_lowercase
def 	UpperCAmelCase_							(					__lowercase							:      str       )		->       None:


     '''simple docstring'''



     _UpperCAmelCase							,  _UpperCAmelCase     							=   analyze_text(__lowercase       )
     _UpperCAmelCase     							=   list(" " + ascii_lowercase       )
     # what is our total sum of probabilities.
     _UpperCAmelCase     							=   sum(single_char_strings.values()       )

     # one length string
     _UpperCAmelCase     							=   0
     # for each alpha we go in our dict and if it is in it we calculate entropy
     for ch in my_alphas:
          if ch in single_char_strings:
               _UpperCAmelCase     							=   single_char_strings[ch]
               _UpperCAmelCase     							=   my_str / all_sum
               my_fir_sum += prob * math.loga(__lowercase       )  # entropy formula.

    # print entropy
     print(f'{round(-1 * my_fir_sum       ):.1f}'       )

     # two len string
     _UpperCAmelCase     							=   sum(two_char_strings.values()       )
     _UpperCAmelCase     							=   0
     # for each alpha (two in size) calculate entropy.
     for cha in my_alphas:
          for cha in my_alphas:
               _UpperCAmelCase     							=   cha + cha
               if sequence in two_char_strings:
                    _UpperCAmelCase     							=   two_char_strings[sequence]
                    _UpperCAmelCase     							=   int(__lowercase       ) / all_sum
                    my_sec_sum += prob * math.loga(__lowercase       )

    # print second entropy
     print(f'{round(-1 * my_sec_sum       ):.1f}'       )

     # print the difference between them
     print(f'{round((-1 * my_sec_sum) - (-1 * my_fir_sum)       ):.1f}'       )
def 	UpperCAmelCase_							(					__lowercase							:      str       )		->       tuple[dict, dict]:


     '''simple docstring'''



     _UpperCAmelCase     							=   Counter()  # type: ignore
     _UpperCAmelCase     							=   Counter()  # type: ignore
     single_char_strings[text[-1]] += 1

     # first case when we have space at start.
     two_char_strings[" " + text[0]] += 1
     for i in range(0			,     len(__lowercase       ) - 1       ):
          single_char_strings[text[i]] += 1
          two_char_strings[text[i : i + 2]] += 1
     return single_char_strings, two_char_strings
def 	UpperCAmelCase_							(					)		->       Optional[Any]:


     '''simple docstring'''



     import doctest

     doctest.testmod()
     # text = (
     #     "Had repulsive dashwoods suspicion sincerity but advantage now him. Remark "
     #     "easily garret nor nay. Civil those mrs enjoy shy fat merry. You greatest "
     #     "jointure saw horrible. He private he on be imagine suppose. Fertile "
     #     "beloved evident through no service elderly is. Blind there if every no so "
     #     "at. Own neglected you preferred way sincerity delivered his attempted. To "
     #     "of message cottage windows do besides against uncivil.  Delightful "
     #     "unreserved impossible few estimating men favourable see entreaties. She "
     #     "propriety immediate was improving. He or entrance humoured likewise "
     #     "moderate. Much nor game son say feel. Fat make met can must form into "
     #     "gate. Me we offending prevailed discovery. "
     # )

     # calculate_prob(text)


if __name__ == "__main__":
  main()







"""simple docstring"""





import random

def   __SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE  (      A_						,     A_ ):
	lowerCAmelCase__				,lowerCAmelCase__				,lowerCAmelCase__	:						Optional[int]  				=	[], [], []
	for element in data:
		if element < pivot:
			less.append(A_ )
		elif element > pivot:
			greater.append(A_ )
		else:
			equal.append(A_ )
	return less, equal, greater





def   __SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE  (      A_						,     A_ ):
	# index = len(items) // 2 when trying to find the median
	#   (value of index when items is sorted)

	# invalid input
	if index >= len(A_ ) or index < 0:
		return None

	lowerCAmelCase__	:						str  				=	items[random.randint(0						,     len(A_ ) - 1 )]
	lowerCAmelCase__	:						Optional[Any]  				=	0
	lowerCAmelCase__				,lowerCAmelCase__				,lowerCAmelCase__	:						Any  				=	_partition(A_						,     A_ )
	lowerCAmelCase__	:						str  				=	len(A_ )
	lowerCAmelCase__	:						Optional[Any]  				=	len(A_ )

	# index is the pivot
	if m <= index < m + count:
		return pivot
	# must be in smaller
	elif m > index:
		return quick_select(A_						,     A_ )
	# must be in larger
	else:
		return quick_select(A_						,     index - (m + count) )




