





"""simple docstring"""




def 						UpperCAmelCase__		(     _UpperCAmelCase ,					_UpperCAmelCase ,					_UpperCAmelCase					):






  """simple docstring"""





  return round(float(moles / volume					) * nfactor					)





def 						UpperCAmelCase__		(     _UpperCAmelCase ,					_UpperCAmelCase ,					_UpperCAmelCase					):






  """simple docstring"""





  return round(float((moles * 0.0_821 * temperature) / (volume)					)					)





def 						UpperCAmelCase__		(     _UpperCAmelCase ,					_UpperCAmelCase ,					_UpperCAmelCase					):






  """simple docstring"""





  return round(float((moles * 0.0_821 * temperature) / (pressure)					)					)





def 						UpperCAmelCase__		(     _UpperCAmelCase ,					_UpperCAmelCase ,					_UpperCAmelCase					):






  """simple docstring"""





  return round(float((pressure * volume) / (0.0_821 * moles)					)					)


if __name__ == "__main__":
   import doctest

   doctest.testmod()






"""simple docstring"""




def 						UpperCAmelCase__		(     _UpperCAmelCase					):






  """simple docstring"""





  A_  :       List[str]										=  hex_num.strip()
  if not hex_num:
    raise ValueError('No value was passed to the function'					)

  A_  :       Any										=  hex_num[0] == '-'
  if is_negative:
    A_  :       Optional[Any]										=  hex_num[1:]

  try:
    A_  :       Tuple										=  int(_UpperCAmelCase ,					16					)
  except ValueError:
    raise ValueError('Invalid value was passed to the function'					)

  A_  :       Union[str, Any]										=  ''
  while int_num > 0:
    A_  :       Optional[Any]										=  str(int_num % 2					) + bin_str
    int_num >>= 1

  return int(('-' + bin_str) if is_negative else bin_str					)


if __name__ == "__main__":
   import doctest

   doctest.testmod()