how many floors are in the willis tower
List of tallest buildings and structures


, at , had a higher architectural height (spires, not antennas), but a lower absolute pinnacle height and a lower top occupied floor than the Willis Tower in Chicago. Counting buildings as structures with floors throughout, and with antenna masts excluded, the Willis was still considered the tallest at that time. Excluding their spires, which are higher than the flat roof of Willis, the Petronas Towers are not taller than Willis. At their convention in Chicago, the Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat (CTBUH) found
15232668
One World Trade Center


of the North Tower reached . However, the tower only held its record until , when Chicago's Sears Tower (now Willis Tower), which was tall at the rooftop, was completed. At 110 floors, the World Trade Center towers had more floors than any other building at that time. This number was not surpassed until the construction of the Burj Khalifa (163 floors), which opened in 2010. Of the 110 stories, eight were set aside as mechanical floors (floors 7/8, 41/42, 75/76, and
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Willis Tower


which can accommodate , opened to the public on July 2, 2009. On May 29, 2014, the laminated glass flooring of one of the boxes shattered while visitors were inside but there were no injuries. The flooring on that same box shattered on June 12, 2019. The Willis Tower remains the second tallest building in the Americas (after One World Trade Center) and the Western Hemisphere. With a pinnacle height of , it is the third-tallest freestanding structure in the Americas, shorter than Toronto's CN Tower
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Willis Tower


on the 103rd floor at an elevation of , it is the highest observation deck in the United States and one of Chicago's most famous tourist attractions. Tourists can experience how the building sways in wind and see far over the plains of Illinois and across Lake Michigan to Indiana, Michigan, and Wisconsin in clear conditions. Elevators reach the top in about 60 seconds, allowing occupants to feel the change in pressure as they ascend. The Skydeck competes with the John Hancock Center's observation floor a mile and a half away but
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Travertine


is commonly used for façades, wall cladding, and flooring. The lobby walls of the modernist Willis Tower (1970) (formerly Sears Tower) in Chicago are made of travertine. Architect Welton Becket frequently incorporated travertine into many of his projects. The first floor of the Becket-designed UCLA Medical Center has thick travertine walls. Architect Ludwig Mies van der Rohe used travertine in several of his major works, including the Toronto-Dominion Centre, S.R. Crown Hall, the Farnsworth House and the Barcelona Pavilion. Until the 1980s
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Willis Tower


latter floor areas had to be designed to a smaller footprint with a high window-space to floor-space ratio to be attractive to prospective lessees. Smaller floorplates required a taller structure to yield sufficient square footage. Skidmore architects proposed a tower with large, floors in the lower part of the building with gradually tapered floorplates in a series of setbacks, which would give the tower its distinctive look. As Sears continued to offer optimistic projections for growth, the tower's proposed floor count increased rapidly into the low hundreds, surpassing
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Willis Tower


Ltd. leased more than of space on three floors in 2009. A Willis spokesman said the naming rights were obtained as part of the negotiations at no cost to Willis and the building was renamed Willis Tower on July 16, 2009. The naming rights are valid for 15 years, so it is possible that the building's name could change again as soon as 2024. The "Chicago Tribune" joked that the building's new name reminded them of the oft-repeated "What you talkin' 'bout, Willis?" catchphrase
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List of tallest buildings and structures


building as measured to its architectural height (spire). The height of its roof and highest occupied floor had been surpassed by the Shanghai World Financial Center with corresponding heights of . Willis Tower (formerly Sears Tower) was the highest in the final category: the greatest height to top of antenna of any building in the world at . Burj Khalifa broke the height record in all four categories for completed buildings. Due to the disagreements over how to measure height and classify structures, engineers have created various definitions for categories of buildings
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List of tallest buildings in the United States


One World Trade Center are surpassed by 432 Park Avenue and Chicago's Willis Tower (formerly and still commonly known as the Sears Tower). Steinway Tower, and Central Park Tower will also have higher occupied floors and roofs upon their completion. Prior to the September 11, 2001 attacks in New York City, the twin towers of the World Trade Center occupied the second and third positions on the list below, behind Willis Tower. The North Tower stood at , while the South Tower was tall. If they were still standing
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Jordan Gate Towers


Company, Al-Bayan Holding Company and DTZ. To date it is still unknown how tall the towers will be with many estimating 208 meters for the north tower. The northern tower is 41 floors high hosting offices while the southern tower is 39 floors high and features a 540 room 5-star hotel operated by Hilton, thus becoming the largest hotel in Jordan. The multi-story podium will host a shopping mall, swimming pools, conference halls and restaurants. The project faced several incidents during its construction and was suspended for a
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List of tallest buildings and structures


but not mechanical floors) and other aspects of tall buildings. The height is measured from the level of the lowest, significant, open-air, pedestrian entrance. At the time, the Willis Tower held first place in the second and third categories, the Petronas Towers held the first category, and the original WTC north tower held the fourth (height to tip) category with its antenna. In 2000, however, a new antenna mast was placed on the Willis Tower, giving it the record in the fourth category
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Arlen Realty and Development Corporation


Upon construction, it became a prime real estate location for the glitterati of that time. The planned use of the building was a groundbreaking concept at that time because it was the first mixed use zoned for Fifth Avenue, which had 21 floors of offices, 30 of condominiums and high-end retail on the first floor. It was designed by the architectural firm of Skidmore, Owings and Merrill, who also designed the Willis Tower and John Hancock Center in Chicago, as well as many other high-rise buildings in the
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Willis Tower


World Trade Center in New York City surpassed the Willis Tower through its structural and pinnacle heights, but not by roof, observation deck elevation, or highest occupied floor. Until 2000 the tower did not hold the record for being the tallest building by pinnacle height. From 1969 to 1978, this record was held by John Hancock Center, whose antenna reached a height of , taller than the Sears Tower's original height. One World Trade Center became taller by pinnacle height with the addition of a 359-foot (109.4-meter) antenna,
8489980
Millennium Tower (Frankfurt)


Landmark Building was performed by Albert Speer Jr.. The building was to house an observation deck on 104th floor at , from which visitors will be able to see the entire metropolis of Frankfurt and it would have been the 4th tallest building in Europe. It would have been an observation deck less high than those of Willis Tower on the 103rd floor at and the 102nd floor of the Empire State Building at . Five-star hotels would have been located on the 85th-102nd floors, surpassing the Shangri-La Hotel (34th-52nd floors)
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Willis Tower


2004 to become recognized as the tallest building in the world. Taipei 101 surpassed the Petronas Twin Towers in spire height and the Sears Tower in roof height and highest occupied floor. The tower retained one record: its antenna exceeded Taipei 101's spire in height. In 2008, Shanghai World Financial Center claimed the records of tallest building by roof and highest occupied floor. On August 12, 2007, the Burj Khalifa in Dubai was reported by its developers to have surpassed the tower in all height categories. Upon completion, One
8489979
St Martins Property Group


was later renamed the Willis Building as it is the UK headquarters of insurers The Willis Group. Designed by architect Norman Foster, the Willis Building is located in the centre of the City opposite the Lloyd's building. It is one of the tallest buildings in the City, with 45,615 sq m of space on 29 floors, together with a 10-storey building on 25 Fenchurch Avenue. St Martins then purchased the 27-storey luxury residential tower Lietocourt Arx Tower in Minato, Chuo-Ku, adjacent to Nihonbashi and Ginza, Tokyo's business
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United Airlines


were consolidated there. In 2010, United accepted the City of Chicago's offer of US$35 million in incentives, including a US$10 million grant, for United to move its remaining 2,500 employees out of Elk Grove Township to the Willis Tower (formerly the Sears Tower) in the Chicago Loop. On May 31, 2012, United opened its operations center, which occupied twelve floors of the Willis Tower. In 2019 United renewed its lease, originally ending in 2028 and now set to expire in 2033, and it will
13765264
Eurotheum


The Eurotheum is a 31-storey, skyscraper in the city center of Frankfurt, Germany. The building was constructed in 1999 to coincide with the adjacent Main Tower, and is one of a few such in Frankfurt that offers office and residential space. Each floor of the tower has of office space, which has been occupied mostly by the European Central Bank as an extension of their headquarters at Willy-Brandt-Platz until 2015. The 22nd floor has a public bar lounge. From the 22nd through 29th floors, there are 74
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Mechanical floor


and International styles of the 1960s and 1970s where form follows function, the vents' presence is not seen as undesirable. Rather it emphasizes the functional layout of the building by dividing it neatly into equal blocks, mirroring the layout of the elevators and offices inside. This could be clearly seen on the Twin Towers of the World Trade Center and can be seen on the Willis Tower. In the IDS Tower in Minneapolis, the lowest mechanical floor serves as a visual separation from the street- and skyway-level Crystal Court shopping center
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Glass floor


ground is the novel outdoor application of the Grand Canyon Skywalk, operated by the Hualapai Indian tribe. The highest above ground level in a freestanding structure is in the CN Tower in Toronto, Ontario at 1122 feet (342 m). In May 2014, the top layer of a glass floor spontaneously shattered in "the Ledge", a popular tourist attraction more than above street level, near the top of the Willis Tower in Chicago. Spokespersons for the architect (Skidmore, Owings & Merrill) and the tower management said
9563344
Willis Tower


each essentially a separate building), clustered in a 3×3 matrix forming a square base with sides. All nine tubes would rise up to the 50th floor of the building, where the northwest and southeast tubes terminate. The northeast and southwest tubes reach the 66th floor; the north, east, and south tubes end at the 90th. The remaining west and center tubes reach 108 floors. The Sears Tower was the first building to use this innovative design. It was both structurally efficient and economic: at 1,450 feet, it
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Skyscraper


given floor. Buildings with sky lobbies include the World Trade Center, Petronas Twin Towers, Willis Tower and Taipei 101. The 44th-floor sky lobby of the John Hancock Center also featured the first high-rise indoor swimming pool, which remains the highest in America. Skyscrapers are usually situated in city centers where the price of land is high. Constructing a skyscraper becomes justified if the price of land is so high that it makes economic sense to build upward as to minimize the cost of the land per the total floor
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Floor area ratio


The amounts of these things tend to be constant for a given total floor area, regardless of how that area is distributed horizontally and vertically. Thus, many jurisdictions have found it unnecessary to include hard height limitations when using floor area ratio calculations. Common exclusions to the total calculation of square footage for the purpose of floor area ratio (FAR) include unoccupied areas such as mechanical equipment floors, basements, stair towers, elevator shafts, and parking garages. Japan has extensively adopted the floor area ratio in the zoning system since
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John Hancock Center


broadcast from Willis Tower. The City Colleges of Chicago's WYCC (channel 20) transmitted from the building until November 2017, when it departed the air as part of the 2016 FCC spectrum auction, and will eventually return as a part of WTTW's spectrum from Willis Tower. On November 21, 2015, a fire broke out in an apartment on the 50th floor of the building. The Chicago Fire Department was able to extinguish the fire after an hour and a half; five people suffered minor injuries. On February 11
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555 17th Street


Media Group - Seventh floor Examiner.com - Fourth floor Parsons Brinckerhoff - Fourth, Fifth and Sixth floors Grand Hyatt Denver - 2nd and 38th Floor Long View Systems - 16th Floor McGladrey, LLP - Tenth floor CDM Smith, Inc. - Tenth, Eleventh and Twelfth floors Planisware - 17th floor Crescent Point Energy Corp. - 18th and 19th floors Willis Towers Watson - 20th and 21st floors Anschutz Corporation - Twenty-fourth 23, and 22nd floor Monticello Associates - Twenty-sixth floor Holland & Hart LLP - Law Firm - 32nd-25th floor Deloitte &
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Tiny Tower


. The lowest floor of the tower, a lobby, has an elevator, where bitizens can randomly appear. They will have a speech bubble above their head, with a number denoting which floor they would like to be taken to. If they are taken to a residential floor which has not been fully occupied, they will automatically inhabit that floor and become a resident of the tower. Each bitizen has a skill level out of 9 for each category of commercial floor, showing how good they are at each type of trade
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Willis Building (Ipswich)


The Willis building (originally the Willis Faber & Dumas regional headquarters) in Ipswich, England, is one of the earliest buildings designed by Norman Foster and Wendy Cheesman after establishing Foster Associates. Constructed between 1970 and 1975 for the insurance firm now known as Willis Towers Watson, it is now seen as a landmark in the development of the 'high tech' architectural style. The building houses some 1,300 office staff in open plan offices spread over three floors. The bulbous floorplan of the office block reflects the layout of the available
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Willis Tower


Willis Tower, and the new name has yet to stick." Many broadcast station transmitters are located at the top of Willis Tower. Each list is ranked by height from the top down. Stations at the same height on the same mast indicate the use of a diplexer into the same shared antenna. Due to its extreme height, FM stations (all class B) are very limited in power output. NOAA Weather Radio station KWO39 transmits off the tower at 162.550 MHz. Programmed by the National Weather Service Weather Forecast Office
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Automated guided vehicle


wire in the floor instead of a rail. Out of this technology came a new type of AGV, which follows invisible UV markers on the floor instead of being towed by a chain. The first such system was deployed at the Willis Tower (formerly Sears Tower) in Chicago, Illinois to deliver mail throughout its offices. Over the years the technology has become more sophisticated and today automated vehicles are mainly Laser navigated e.g. LGV (Laser Guided Vehicle). In an automated process, LGVs are programmed to communicate with other robots
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Vanity height


63.4 m (208 ft) lower than that of the Willis Tower. The current world's tallest building, Burj Khalifa, is officially 828 meters tall, but its highest usable floor is 585m above ground. Therefore, its vanity height is defined as 244 meters, or 29% of the building's total height. The likely next tallest building, Jeddah Tower (designed by the same architect), will be over 1,000 meters tall but its highest floor is 630m above ground. The top 370m (equivalent
6934677
Chicago Spire


condominiums were announced as ranging from $750,000 to US$40 million. For supplemental structural support, each floor was to be surrounded by cantilevered corners and four concave sides. Similar to the Willis Tower (formerly Sears Tower) and John Hancock Center observation decks, the Chicago Spire design included a community room on the top floor offering residents a view of four U.S. states. The design for the soaring four story lobby of the skyscraper included translucent glass walls framed by arching, steel-reinforced concrete vaults. The building has been described
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List of tallest residential buildings in Dubai


buildings are measured. It maintains a list of 50 tallest completed residential buildings in Dubai. As of 2013, the council ranked Princess Tower as the tallest, completed residential building in Dubai reaching a height of . In 1996, in response to a dispute over whether the Petronas Towers or the Willis Tower (formerly the Sears Tower) was taller, the council listed and ranked buildings in four categories: the height of the structural or architectural top, the height of the highest occupied floor, the height to the top of the
18179793
List of tallest buildings


removed, and modified from a building and are independent of the overall structure. This measurement only recently came into use, when the Petronas Towers passed the Sears Tower (now called Willis Tower) in height. The former was considered taller because its spires were considered architectural, while the latter's antennae were not. This led to the split of definitions, with the Sears Tower claiming the lead in this and the height-to-roof (now highest occupied floor) categories, and with the Petronas claiming the lead in
20159640
Taipei 101


101 was the world's tallest inhabited building, at as measured to its height architectural top (spire), exceeding the Petronas Towers, which were previously the tallest inhabited skyscraper at . The height to the top of the roof, at , and highest occupied floor, at , surpassed the previous records of and , respectively; the Willis Tower had previously held that distinction. It also surpassed the 85-story, Tuntex Sky Tower in Kaohsiung as the tallest building in Taiwan and the 51-story, Shin Kong Life Tower as the tallest building
21647738
2 World Trade Center


in the United States—outmatched only by its twin, 1 World Trade Center. The South Tower's rooftop observation deck was high and its indoor observation deck was high. The World Trade Center towers held the height record only briefly: the Willis Tower in Chicago, finished in , reached at the rooftop. Throughout its existence, however, the South Tower had more floors (at 110) than any other building. This number was not surpassed until the advent of the Burj Khalifa, which opened in 2010. Of the
15086822
Architecture of Chicago


Chicago by 1966. This laid the foundations for the tube structures of many other later skyscrapers, including his own constructions of the John Hancock Center and Willis Tower (then named the Sears Tower) in Chicago and can be seen in the construction of the World Trade Center, Petronas Towers, Jin Mao Building, and most other supertall skyscrapers since the 1960s. Willis Tower would be the world's tallest building from its construction in 1974 until 1998 (when the Petronas Towers was built) and would remain the tallest for some categories
4232827
CityPlex Towers


) is the third tallest building in Oklahoma (after Devon Tower and BOK Tower). The 60th floor features a dining room with a panoramic view of the Arkansas River and Tulsa. The main CityPlex tower is flanked by 30-story CityPlex West Tower and 20-story CityPlex East Tower, which are 348 feet (106 m) and 248 ft (76 m) high. Cityplex West is wholly vacant above the ninth floor, with many floors still unfinished since the time of construction. Below the fifth floor, all three towers are joined
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Marina City


south branches, the Merchandise Mart, the Willis Tower, and the vast westward expanse of the city. To the north, the towers face Chicago's River North, Old Town, and Gold Coast neighborhoods and the northern neighborhoods of Chicago as they extend toward Evanston. To the east the Towers afford a view of the eastern terminus of the Chicago River, Lake Michigan, Navy Pier, and Grant Park. From the condominium floors, on a clear day it is possible to see office buildings abutting Interstate 294, located more
11252350
Burj Khalifa


that the uppermost section of the building did not culminate elegantly with the rest of the structure, so he sought and received approval to increase its height. It was stated that this change did not add any floors, which fit with Smith's attempts to make the crown more slender. The building opened on 4 January 2010. The tower was designed by Skidmore, Owings and Merrill (SOM), which also designed the Willis Tower (formerly the Sears Tower) in Chicago and the One World Trade Center in New York City
6254198
Towering Inferno (video game)


showing how many people are on that floor. The longer it takes a player to open the doors and get out, the more the meter decreases. The object is to work as fast as you can while avoiding and putting out flames to open the doors and escape with the most people remaining on the meter. The game can be played by one or two players. "Towering Inferno" was reviewed in "Video" magazine in its "Arcade Alley" column where it was described as "an above-average,
2785522
Millennium Tower (San Francisco)


for US$13 million in December 2016. The bottom 25 floors of the main tower are called Residences while the floors from 26 to the top have the name Grand Residences. (As is common in many high-rises, there is no thirteenth floor because of superstitions about triskaidekaphobia. Neither is there a forty-fourth floor, because the number four is considered unlucky by many Asians.) The 53 units in the separate 12-story tower are called the City Residences. Below street level, there are 434 parking spaces in a
9194843
Gooby


to the point of falling backwards, breaking through the floor and catching a metal pipe too far down for Gooby to help him up. Gooby uses Willy's cellphone to call his father, who comes to the rescue. After saving Willy, Gooby talks to Mr. Dandrige and reminds him of how when he was a child his father never spent enough time with him. Willy's mother and father decide to stop working so hard and focus more on their son. One day, while shopping for materials to build Willy a playhouse
13849745
Lydford Castle


, probably used as a "puteus", or pit, for detaining low status prisoners and reached by ladder from the first floor. Some infilling of the ground floor occurred in order to equalise the pressure on the walls from the mound. It is uncertain how many other towers or keeps have similar mounds, as excavation is usually required before the foundations can be examined, but Totnes and Farnham castles are known to have mottes build against the walls of the keep. The reason for building the mound is uncertain, but it
12500870
Trapped! (TV series)


(performed by Eve Karpf and Faith Brown). To earn his freedom, the caretaker (played by Simon Greenall) must trap as many children (or as referred to in the show as, "Unfortunates") as the Voice deems worthy in groups of six brought to the tower by another captive, "Wiley Sneak" (Olly Pike) (who demonstrates how each floor's challenge is done while the caretaker provides instructions) who are imprisoned at the top of the tower and must complete challenges together and against each
15488130
St Lawrence's Church, Weston Patrick


broach spire on the west end, which Pevsner calls a "funny pagoda bell tower". The nave and chancel are the same width, and the ceiling of the chancel is painted dark blue, with gold stars; the floor is paved with encaustic tiles. The organ, a Willis "Scudamore" model built by Henry Willis & Sons, is in a southern recess besides the chancel; it has Bourdon pipes and until 1965 was blown by hand. The bell turret with a single bell is at the western end.
11868293
World Trade Center controlled demolition conspiracy theories


in a horizontal, and therefore optimal position. Preparing a building for a controlled demolition takes considerable time and effort. The tower walls would have had to be opened on dozens of floors. Thousands of pounds of explosives, fuses and ignition mechanisms would need to be sneaked past security and placed in the towers without the tens of thousands of people working in the World Trade Center noticing. Referring to a conversation with Stuart Vyse, a professor of psychology, an article in the "Hartford Advocate" asks, "How many hundreds
11018439
Trump Tower


Vidal, the owner of tequila brand Jose Cuervo; Prince Mutaib bin Abdulaziz Al Saud of Saudi Arabia, who reportedly lives on an entire floor in the tower; and actor Bruce Willis, who bought a $4.26 million apartment in 2007. Additionally, Qatar Airways, owned by the Qatari government, has had a corporate campus in the tower since at least 2008, a fact that news media outlets noted when one of Trump's executive orders, EO 13769, banned immigration from seven majority-Muslim Middle Eastern countries, but
10243139
UB City


Road, it is just 1.8 km away from M.G. Road - Brigade road junction and right opposite Cubbon Park now officially renamed Sri Chamarajendra Park. UB City has four towers namely, UB Tower (19 Floors), Comet (11 Floors), Canberra (17 Floors) and Concorde (19 Floors). The later three towers are all named after aircraft. UB City houses the offices of many corporates under one roof - UB Tower. Concorde & Canberra all have retail space on the lower floors and office space in the
20794802
The Dummy


the theater, Jerry hears Willie's voice following him wherever he goes, and sees his shadow on a wall. No one else can hear Willie, apparently confirming Frank's belief that Jerry is suffering from delusional fear. Jerry runs back into the theater. He goes into the dark dressing room, opens the trunk, throws the dummy on the floor, and smashes it. But when he turns on the light, he realizes that he destroyed the Goofy Goggles dummy instead of Willie. He can't understand how he could
19847441
His Best (Howlin' Wolf album)


, and "Killing Floor". The first two songs on the collection – "Moanin' at Midnight" and "How Many More Years" – were recorded at Memphis Recording Service on either May 14, or August 1951 and were produced by Sam Phillips, who would later produce Elvis Presley and Johnny Cash. The rest of the songs on the album were recorded in Chicago, Illinois from May 1954 to August 1964. The original recordings were produced by either the Chess brothers – Leonard and Phil – and/or Willie Dixon,
1773820
Brisbane City Hall


and in 1975 opened the Brisbane Administration Centre (or BAC), a 20-floor tower and surrounding plaza. Most of the Council's offices then moved from the City hall to the BAC. The Council Chambers (located on second floor of the Adelaide Street side of the building), Lord Mayor and Deputy Lord Mayor's offices remain however in City Hall. The 4,600 pipes organ was built in 1892 by Henry Willis & Sons Organ Builders in Liverpool, UK, for the Brisbane Exhibition Building at Bowen Park. It remained in
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Willis Tower


20 floors. Other major tenants include the building's namesake Willis Group and law firms Schiff Hardin and Seyfarth Shaw. Morgan Stanley plans to move to the building in 2019 and become its fourth-largest tenant by 2020. In 1969, Sears, Roebuck & Co. was the largest retailer in the world, with about 350,000 employees. Sears executives decided to consolidate the thousands of employees in offices distributed throughout the Chicago area into one building on the western edge of Chicago's Loop. Sears asked its outside counsel, Arnstein, Gluck
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John Hancock Center


and the Trump Tower in Chicago. The building was named for John Hancock Mutual Life Insurance Company, a developer and original tenant of the building. In 2018, John Hancock Insurance requested that its name be removed and the owner is seeking another naming rights deal. From the 95th floor restaurant, diners can look out at Chicago and Lake Michigan. The observatory (360 Chicago), which competes with the Willis Tower's Skydeck, has a 360° view of the city, up to four states, and a distance of
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Aon Center (Chicago)


The Aon Center (200 East Randolph Street, formerly Amoco Building) is a modern supertall skyscraper in the Chicago Loop, Chicago, Illinois, United States, designed by architect firms Edward Durell Stone and The Perkins and Will partnership, and completed in 1974 as the Standard Oil Building. With 83 floors and a height of 1,136 feet (346 m), it is the third-tallest building in Chicago, surpassed in height by the Willis Tower and the Trump International Hotel and Tower. The building is managed by Jones Lang
19510974
Glenbard West High School


of the sixth floor tower, the Willis (formerly Sears) Tower in downtown Chicago can be seen on a clear day. Athletics were initially played in a gymnasium, built in 1936, in the school building itself, but with the construction of a $12 million state of-the-art field house across the street, the former gym was turned into the Robert D. Elliott Library, named after one of the most influential principals in the school's history. Biester Gym was built in 1958. Across the road from
2907885
List of tallest buildings in South Africa


the Trust Bank Building. The Johannesburg-Pretoria combined metropolitan area has the densest concentration of skyscrapers on the continent and one of the densest in the world. Carlton Centre is a skyscraper and shopping centre located in downtown Johannesburg, South Africa. At 223 metres (730 ft), it is the tallest building in Africa and about half the height of the Willis Tower (the former Sears Tower) in Chicago. It was the tallest building in the southern hemisphere when originally completed. The Carlton Centre has 50 floors, and
4735317
Lincoln Towers


floors and some have 29 floors and between 15 and 20 apartments per floor. Lincoln Towers houses so many people that some buildings are their own polling place. The ground floor of each building is primarily occupied by professional offices and other small businesses; the upper floors are residential. Within Lincoln Towers there is an outreach program "Project Open" that supports the elderly with assistance from social workers, shopping services, art classes and educational trips. The private park, schools, general appeal of the Upper West Side and proximity of
9516023
Marsh Mill


have drying rooms. The second floor is the meal floor. It contains corn-dressing machinery. At the second floor, there is an external wooden stage that encircles the tower and is supported by stone corbels at the first floor level. This staging gives access to the sails. The third floor is the stone floor, which contains four sets of millstones. The top floor is the dust floor. Like many Fylde windmills, the tower is topped with a boat-shaped wooden cap. It now has a "Lees
17753248
State College, Pennsylvania


15-floor tower on Garner Street), among many other projects. Unlike most older towers, many of the new buildings will be mixed-use, with retail on the ground floor, offices on the next couple floors up, and apartments on the top floors. This high rise building boom has drawn debate in the local area. Some residents see it as a boon to increase foot traffic downtown and reduce congestion on the arterial roads leading into the city. Others, however, are skeptical of the developments as they replace historical
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Willis Towers Watson


board of Towers Watson failed to get enough investor support for the deal, with only 40% of shareholders voting in favor of the proposed merger with Willis Group. This rejection led to Willis Group increasing its special cash dividend for Towers Watson shareholders to USD $10 per share. This revised offer was approved by Towers Watson shareholders on December 11, 2015. The merger was closed on 5 January 2016 once all regulatory approvals were received. Willis Towers Watson publicly announced their name change on 5 January. Willis Group shareholders owned 50.1
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Willis Tower


4 million. In February 1982, two television antennas were added to the structure, increasing its total height to . The western antenna was later extended, bringing the overall height to on June 5, 2000, to improve reception of local NBC station WMAQ-TV. As the construction of the building neared the 50th floor, lawsuits for an injunction were filed seeking to stop the building from exceeding 67 floors. The suits alleged that above that point television reception would deteriorate and cause property values to plummet. The first suit was
8489964
Willis Tower


reaching lower. Some 1.7 million tourists visit annually. A second observation deck on the 99th floor serves as a backup. The tourist entrance can be found on the south side of the building along Jackson Boulevard. In January 2009, a major renovation of the Skydeck was begun, including the installation of retractable glass balconies which extend approximately from the facade of the 103rd floor, overlooking South Wacker Drive. The all-glass boxes, informally dubbed "The Ledge", allow visitors to see the street below. The boxes,
8489976
Willis Tower


$ million in 2019 dollars. By comparison, Taipei 101, built in 2004, cost the equivalent of US$2.21 billion in 2018 dollars. Black bands appear on the tower around the 29th–32nd, 64th–65th, 88th–89th, and 104th–108th floors. These elements are louvres to ventilate the building's environmental support systems and obscure its belted trusses. Even though regulations did not require a fire sprinkler system, the building was equipped with one from the beginning. There are around 40,000 sprinkler heads in the building, installed at a cost of $
8489963
U.S. Steel Tower


the original nativity, and is the only creche nationally to be authorized by the Vatican. Unlike many buildings of similar heights, the U.S. Steel Tower does not taper in width from its lower floors to its higher floors. Accordingly, the tower sports the "largest roof in the world at its height or above", at a size of approximately one acre. This flat expanse was once used as a heliport, but it has sat dormant since 1992. From shortly after the Tower's opening until 2001, the 62nd floor
13418769
Casualties of the September 11 attacks


fell, or jumped from the top floors of the towers, as many are unsure about the identity of those who did die in this manner, or how many died in this manner. , a total of 2,753 death certificates had been filed relating to the attacks. Of these, 1,588 (58%) were forensically identified from recovered physical remains. On April 17, 2013, five possible remains were recovered after being sifted at Fresh Kills Landfill on Staten Island. The medical examiner said evidence of a possible victim of the
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John Hancock Center


the fastest in the Western Hemisphere, at a top speed of 1,800 ft/min (20.5 mph). The observatory boasts larger floor space than its direct competitor, Skydeck at the Willis Tower. In addition, 360 Chicago has a full bar called BAR 94 which stocks local beer and spirits from Revolution Brewing and KOVAL Distillery. In the summer of 2014, 360 Chicago added its TILT attraction. TILT is an additional fee, and is a series of floor to ceiling windows that slowly tilt outside the building to 30°
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Ritz-Carlton Club and Residences


first skyscraper and the tallest building on the West Coast. In 1905, a celebration of the re-election of Mayor Eugene Schmitz stopped in front of the building and launched fireworks, which ignited the wooden clock tower atop the building. The damaged clock tower was removed and de Young added two additional floors along Market Street and a 16-story annex along Kearny Street. The Chronicle Building survived the 1906 San Francisco earthquake but was badly damaged by the ensuing fire, which gutted the interior. The building was rebuilt by architect Willis Polk
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Willis Towers Watson


Willis Towers Watson is an Irish-domiciled global multinational risk management, insurance brokerage and advisory company. The firm has roots dating to 1828 and is the third largest insurance broker in the world. Willis Towers Watson operates in more than 140 countries and has a workforce of more than 45,000 employees. It has joined the Hedge Fund Standards Board and follows the voluntary code of standards of best practice endorsed by its members. Willis Towers Watson was formed as a merger of equals between London based Willis Group Holdings plc and Arlington, VA
17789734
Marina City


model of mixed residential and office uses and high-rise towers with a base of parking has become a primary model for urban development in the United States and throughout the world, and has been widely copied throughout many cities internationally. The two towers contain identical floor plans. The bottom 19 floors form an exposed spiral parking ramp operated by valet with approximately 896 parking spaces. The 20th floor of each contains a laundry room and gym with panoramic views of the Loop, while floors 21 through 60 contain apartments (450 per tower
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Patterson Office Tower


the semester. More than 100 students stood below, collecting as many balls as they could with plastic bags, open book bags, and umbrellas. In an article published on December 11, 2018, by the "Lexington Herald-Leader", the tower's 18th floor was mentioned under the heading "recommended capital project". Patterson Office Tower is a 20-story building with 18 floors. The building houses faculty offices and conference rooms, including many of the offices of the College of Arts and Sciences, the College of Social
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Sather Tower


Jane Sather, can be heard for many miles and supports an extensive program of education in campanology. Sather Tower also houses many of the Department of Integrative Biology's fossils (mainly from the La Brea Tar Pits) because its cool, dry interior is suited for their preservation. At tall, it is the third-tallest bell-and-clock-tower in the world. It includes seven principal floors and an eighth-floor observation deck above the base. Designed by John Galen Howard, founder of the Department of
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The Tower of Druaga


like huge blobs with tentacles), and dragons. During each floor, there is a time limit to complete a floor, each starting at "20000". When the player completes a floor at a certain time, they will be rewarded a number of points depending on how long the player takes to clear a floor. If the player takes too long, the timer will go to red as soon as it reaches "60", meaning that they have literally 1 minute left to finish the floor. Additionally, red
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Kirya Tower


allowed the release of a considerable amount of high-value government land to private development, as well as introducing efficiencies from housing many government functions under one roof. The tower has a helipad on its roof. It was originally planned to have 28 floors for government functions only, with the additional 14 floors being approved during construction. 13 of these top floors were approved for use by private sector offices, and the top 11 floors have floor-to ceiling windows. An external elevator serves the uppermost floors, and an underpass
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Skyscraper


steel frames become inefficient and uneconomic for supertall buildings as usable floor space is reduced for progressively larger supporting columns. Since about 1960, tubular designs have been used for high rises. This reduces the usage of material (more efficient in economic terms – Willis Tower uses a third less steel than the Empire State Building) yet allows greater height. It allows fewer interior columns, and so creates more usable floor space. It further enables buildings to take on various shapes. Elevators are characteristic to skyscrapers. In 1852 Elisha Otis introduced
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Tower of God


enclosed and hosts many unique environments. It is permeated by an element called "Shinsu", which has strange properties similar to magic in other comic universes. It is inhabited by many different intelligent species. Living on the top floors is associated with a higher status in the Tower and better living conditions. This is a result of ascension from one floor to the next being only allowed by passing increasingly difficult tests of strength, dexterity and wit. Those former Regulars who reach the top of the Tower are known as Rankers,
5024195
List of tallest buildings and structures


extended in 2000, making Willis Tower slightly taller height-to-tip than the WTC north tower's antenna that measured . After the September 11, 2001, attacks, the WTC became the world's tallest two buildings to be destroyed or demolished. They took that distinction from the Singer Building, which stood tall until the late 1960s where One Liberty Plaza now stands right across Church Street from the WTC site. A different superlative for skyscrapers is their number of floors. The original World Trade Center set that record at 110
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Bergfried


narrow vertical slits. The enormous wall thickness at basement level in many bergfrieds usually decreases significantly on the inside of the tower at the level of the upper floors. On the resulting wall ledges, wooden ceilings were laid that served to partition the various floor levels. The lowest floor and the uppermost floor are often covered by a stone vault. Occasionally, narrow stairways were incorporated into the masonry to allow a single person to climb the tower. More often, however, the floors were connected by wooden stairs or ladders. Some
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Tower brewery


from around 1870, the majority in the 1880s. At this time steam power was available, but not electricity. Powering a single large pumping step was practical, but multiple small pumps around a building would be much less so. The buildings of a tower brewery are arranged as a tower with around six floors. There may be a single tower, but many breweries were less regular, with portions reaching varying heights. Only relatively small areas were needed for the highest floors. The highest point would be a small water tower
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Willis Towers Watson


% while those of Towers Watson shareholders owned 49.9% of the combined company. On completion, Towers Watson CEO, John Haley, became the CEO, Willis Group CEO, Dominic Casserley, became the President and Deputy CEO while Willis Group Chairman, James McCann, became the chairman of the merged group with the twelve board seats shared equally between the two companies. For the first fiscal quarter of 2016, the first earnings release since the merger completed, Willis Towers Watson reported that merger and acquisition costs remain significant and are likely
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Benson Tower (New Orleans)


Benson Tower (formerly Dominion Tower and the CNG Tower), located at 1450 Poydras Street in the Central Business District of New Orleans, Louisiana, is a 26-story, -tall skyscraper. The building was purchased by late New Orleans Saints owner Tom Benson on September 15, 2009 and renamed the Benson Tower. In 2012, Ochsner Health System moved executives and as many as 750 administrative employees to the top four floors as well as the 2nd and 3rd floor space with balconies overlooking Champions Square and the Mercedes-Benz Superdome; second
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Alphabetic Tower


designed like a revolving ring. This ring, which goes around 360 degrees in an hour, offers visitors a panoramic view of the city and the Black Sea while they are enjoying their meal. The fourth floor has been conceived as an observatory deck, to enjoy the unique views from the Alphabetic Tower. This floor leads to the fifth one, which is designed to allow visitors see how the tuned mass damper works. The tuned mass damper is a fifty-ton device mounted in structures to reduce the amplitude of mechanical vibrations
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Allianz Tower


that he always thought the building was ugly, but only after the neighbouring elegant Generali tower was built he realized how truly hideous Allianz Tower was. There have been calls to demolish the building due to the destructive impact the Allianz Tower has had on Milan’s panorama. The tower’s appearance has not been the only problematic issue. The tower requries 4 giant supporting steel beams attached at the eleventh floor to prevent it from a collapse, due to a severe statics and engineering design defect discovered at the end of the completion.
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Trump Tower


as part of a marketing strategy for all of his towers, and that he "did not see why he should be forced to call the first residential floor something mundane like the second floor, or even the 20th floor." Many of the apartments are furnished, but some of the upper-floor commercial spaces come unfurnished. The design extends to the office lobby, located off Fifth Avenue, and the five-level atrium, which features a internal waterfall along the eastern wall that is spanned by a suspended walkway,
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Culture of Chicago


designed include 860–880 Lake Shore Drive, Crown Hall, 330 North Wabash, and the Kluczynski Federal Building. The tallest buildings in Chicago are Willis Tower, Trump Tower, the Aon Center, 875 North Michigan Avenue, and the Franklin Center. Willis Tower was originally named Sears Tower, and was the tallest building in the world from 1973 to 1998. It is now the second-tallest building in the United States, after One World Trade Center, though the height to the roof of Willis Tower is greater than that of
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Willis Tower


2012, United Airlines announced it would move its corporate headquarters from 77 West Wacker Drive to Willis Tower. In 2015, the Blackstone Group completed purchase of the tower for a reported $1.3 billion, the highest price ever paid for a U.S. property outside New York City. In 2017, Blackstone announced a $500 million "facelift" for the property to include a six-story commercial complex in the tower's plaza area. The Willis Tower observation deck, called the Skydeck, opened on June 22, 1974. Located
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Kuala Lumpur Sentral station


50% of the total land area. The developer intends that KL Sentral will ultimately be the business and financial hub of Kuala Lumpur. Lot A will be the new headquarters for CIMB Group which is located facing the National Museum. As of June 2011, the new headquarters' name which appears on the construction site is "Menara CIMB" (CIMB Tower). The company acquired the land in July 2008, and construction is expected to begin in Q4 2007 and complete in 2011. It is unknown how many floors there
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Sheraton Dallas Hotel


River. Its height was later surpassed in the city by Republic Center Tower II. For many years after the building's opening, the most exclusive restaurant in downtown Dallas was the Chaparral Club on the 37th floor, and an observation deck was located at the top of the tower. Southland Life vacated the complex when Cityplace Center was opened in 1988. The hotel tower left Sheraton in 1990 and was renamed the Harvey Hotel in 1994. In 1990, a central tower addition of 25 floors and bay windows was proposed to make
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Bến Dược Memorial Temple


them about places of burial and other details of dead soldiers. The tower symbolizes the rise up to the pinnacle of future fame. The tower has 9 floors and is 39m high. On the wall of the tower are many designs to express the life and struggle of the Cu Chi people - "an iron bulwark land of revolution". On the highest floor of the tower, we can see part of the revolution base from which some places have entered into the history of the Iron Triangle ("Tam Giác Sắt
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Old Fresno Water Tower


which then acted as a temporary library. Maher's original design called for a library and a third floor to be built within the tower, but neither was executed. Construction finished in November 1894 at a cost of $20,000. The water tower remained in use until 1963 when its pumping equipment had become inadequate. The water tower was added to the National Register of Historic Places on October 14, 1971. It was designated an American Water Landmark by the American Water Works Association in 1972. The first floor served for many
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Shaw Tower (Singapore)


Tower, with a narrow section angled towards Nicoll Highway, was due to the building being constructed upon the site of two demolished cinemas and the now-expunged Hoi How Road. Shaw Tower was designed by Singaporean architect Charles Ho of Iversen, van Sitteren & Partners. The structure is Brutalist in style, featuring a podium-block-and-tower configuration. The former was designed as a retail space, while the latter was designated for offices. The multi-storey car park spanned the 3 to the 11 floor.
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Willis Towers Watson


Willis Group shareholders more control despite the firm having a lower market capitalization compared to Towers Watson. In an open letter, investment adviser Driehaus Capital Management urged Towers Watson shareholders to vote against a proposed merger. Driehaus argued that Towers Watson was worth between 39% and 53% more as a standalone company than by merging with Willis Group. It was also reported that Towers Watson CEO John Haley had disposed of his shares in the company in early March 2015 while the merger negotiations were ongoing. On November 18, 2015, the
17789737
Houston Center


have wide-open trading floors. Many office buildings have half of the amount of space per floor that 5 Houston Center has. Marian Livingston of Calibre said that in 2001 it was difficult for an energy firm to find a large block of vacant space in Downtown Houston because of the tight market. Calibre represented RWE in the lease. 5 Houston Center, a 27-story tower, has Class A Office space. Each floor of the tower has of space. When the building opened, every floor had broadband internet capability. The
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Australia Square


the round tower was being constructed. Alongside the Tower Building sits a large abstract steel sculpture by Alexander Calder. There is also a sculpture by Seward Johnson Jr, "Waiting". The tower ground floor lobby had tapestries by Le Corbusier and Victor Vasarely on display however due to fading the pieces were removed and replaced in 2003 with a mural by Sol LeWitt. The former Lend Lease executive floor in the tower also had many artworks specified by Harry Seidler: the reception area displayed a sculpture by Norman Carlberg and tapestries by John
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Willis Group


. Constructed between 1970 and 1975 it is now seen as a landmark in the development of the 'high tech' architectural style. It is one of the youngest buildings to be given Grade I listed building status in Britain. The 110-story Sears Tower in Chicago was renamed the Willis Tower in July 2009. Willis secured the naming rights as part of its agreement to lease of space in the tower. It was the world's tallest building from 1974 until 1998, when it was surpassed by the Petronas Towers in Kuala Lumpur,
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Willis Tower


The Willis Tower (colloquial: Sears Tower, its name for 36 years) is a 110-story, skyscraper in Chicago, Illinois. At completion in 1973, it surpassed the World Trade Center in New York to become the tallest building in the world, a title it held for nearly 25 years; it was the tallest building in the Western Hemisphere for 41 years, until the new One World Trade Center surpassed it in 2014. Willis Tower is considered a seminal achievement for architect Fazlur Rahman Khan. It is currently the second
8489954
Richards Medical Research Laboratories


only 1/16 inch (1.6 mm). The "Architectural Record" noted that the precision achieved seemed more typical of cabinet making than concrete construction. The entryway for the Richards building is in the middle laboratory tower. Kahn left the entire ground floor of that tower open as an entry porch and exposed the structural elements in its ceiling so the public could see how the building was constructed. Particularly interesting are the Vierendeel trusses that support each floor and whose large rectangular openings allow ducts and pipes to be easily routed through the laboratory
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Willie Mays


his 79th birthday, Mays appeared on the floor of the California State Senate where they proclaimed it Willie Mays Day in the state. On May 15, 2010, Mays was awarded the Major League Baseball Beacon of Life Award at the Civil Rights game at Great American Ball Park. Mays has been mentioned or referenced in many popular songs. The Treniers recorded the song "Say Hey (The Willie Mays Song)" in 1955. The band Widespread Panic makes reference to Mays in the song "One Arm Steve" from their
16100455
Free Willy: Escape from Pirate's Cove


After much perseverance, Kirra persuades Gus to call the marine rescue center for help in rehabilitating Willy back into the sea. However, Willy has under-developed echolocation skills and is unable to survive without his pod, thus making him unsuitable for rehabilitation. Not one to give up, Kirra does much research on how to train Willy to use his echolocation skill, despite being told that there is no known method to do so. She then tries to feed Willy blindfolded, but fails many times. Rolf, desperate for Willy
7629654
The Legend of Zelda: Spirit Tracks


allow players to go in reverse and switch tracks. The Tower if Spirits was originally going to function the same way as the Temple of the Ocean King from "Phantom Hourglass", requiring the player to climb the tower each time they restore a new floor by going through the tower again from the bottom until they reach it. Right near the end of development process Anomua dropped a passing comment how this never gives the feeling that you are actually climbing a tower. This resulted in the spiral staircase that the player climbs to
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Chicago


first steel-framed high-rise building, the Home Insurance Building, rose in the city as Chicago ushered in the skyscraper era, which would then be followed by many other cities around the world. Today, Chicago's skyline is among the world's tallest and densest. Some of the United States' tallest towers are located in Chicago; Willis Tower (formerly Sears Tower) is the second tallest building in the Western Hemisphere after One World Trade Center, and Trump International Hotel and Tower is the third tallest in the
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