which state is largest producer of silk in india
Tussar silk


, it is considered by many as a forest product. India is the second largest producer of tussar silk and the exclusive producer of Indian tussar (also known as tropical tussar), which is largely tended to by tribals. Much of it is produced in Bhagalpur (where it is called Bhagalpur silk), Bihar and Malda district of West Bengal. Tussar silk is also used for Orissa's pattachitras and West Bengal's kantha stitches. Chhattisgarh and Madhya Pradesh also produce tussar silk. In recent years, the state of Jharkhand
7927881
Economy of South India


in Tamil Nadu is the source of nearly 35% of India's yarn production from cotton. Erode is well known for its Turmeric and textile products. Tirupur is the largest producers of cotton vests and inners ; it exports much of its production to South East Asia and European countries. Karur is the India's largest home textiles production & export hub. Gobichettipalayam is one of the largest producers of White silk with the country's first automatic silk reeling unit established here. Namakkal is one of the largest producers of poultry in the
1736980
Silk


, were the first locations to have automated silk reeling units in India. India is also the largest consumer of silk in the world. The tradition of wearing silk sarees for marriages and other auspicious ceremonies is a custom in Assam and southern parts of India. Silk is considered to be a symbol of royalty, and, historically, silk was used primarily by the upper classes. Silk garments and sarees produced in Kanchipuram, Pochampally, Dharmavaram, Mysore, Arani in the south, Banaras in the north, Bhagalpur and Murshidabad in
6484378
Economy of South India


It contributes over 60% of total production of India. Karur is also known for its bus body building (contributes 80% of South Indian bus body building). Karur TNPL is the Asia's largest eco friendly paper mill in production. Erode is also known as the "Turmeric City", since it has the Asia's largest market for Turmeric. Gobichettipalayam is one of the largest producers of White silk with the country's first automatic silk reeling unit established here. Namakkal is one of the largest producers of poultry in
1736986
Economy of India


second-largest fruit and vegetable producer, accounting for 10.9% and 8.6% of the world fruit and vegetable production, respectively. India is also the second-largest producer and the largest consumer of silk, producing 77,000 tons in 2005. India is the largest exporter of cashew kernels and cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL). Foreign exchange earned by the country through the export of cashew kernels during 2011–12 reached 4,390 crore ( 43.9 billion) based on statistics from the Cashew Export Promotion Council of India (CEPCI). 131,000
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Athirampatty


The silk sarees manufactured in Athirampatty is marketed all over Southern India. Many Variety of Silk sarees manufactured in India. The popular one is Pure Gold Jari sarees. This is produced with colored pure raw silks embedded with different symbol designs called "Putta's". Here the weavers produce white sarees which will be design printed later. This kind of sarees are marketed to Northern Indian states like Gujarat, Rajasthan. There is also empossed sarees which will be producing using Power Loom machines. All the population are from Vanniyar community,
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Mysore silk


global depression, and competition from imported silk and rayon. In the second half of the 20th century, it revived and the Mysore State became the top multivoltine silk producer in India. Mysore silk is produced by Karnataka Silk Industries Corporation Limited (KSIC). The factory was founded in 1912 by Sri Nalvadi Krishnaraja Wodeyar, the Maharaja of Mysore. Initially, the silk fabrics were manufactured & supplied to meet the requirements of the royal family and ornamental fabrics to their armed forces. After India gained independence, the Mysore State Sericulture
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Pat silk


chadars and other textiles. Domestic silk moths are closely dependent on humans for reproduction, as a result of millennia of selective breeding. Wild silk moths are different (having not been selectively bred) from their domestic cousins; they are not commercially viable in the production of silk. In India, the major mulberry silk producing states are Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, West Bengal, Tamil Nadu and Jammu & Kashmir which together accounts for 92 % of country's total mulberry raw silk production. Karnataka produces 9,000 metric tons of mulberry silk
8175998
History of silk


Republic of China has become the world's largest silk producer. In 1996 it produced 58,000 tonnes out of a world production of 81,000, followed by India at 13,000 tonnes. Japanese production is now marginal, at only 2500 tonnes. Between 1995 and 1997 Chinese silk production went down 40% in an effort to raise prices, reminiscent of earlier shortages. In December 2006 the General Assembly of the United Nations proclaimed 2009 to be the International Year of Natural Fibres, so as to raise the profile of silk and other natural fibres
7110446
Silk


(now in Pakistan) dating between 2450 BC and 2000 BC, while "hard and fast evidence" for silk production in China dates back to around 2570 BC. Shelagh Vainker, a silk expert at the Ashmolean Museum in Oxford, who sees evidence for silk production in China "significantly earlier" than 2500–2000 BC, suggests, "people of the Indus civilization either harvested silkworm cocoons or traded with people who did, and that they knew a considerable amount about silk." India is the second largest producer of silk in
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Kalyan Silks


-house brands. Kalyan Silks has a thousand looms powered by two thousand weavers. There are design centres and production units across the country. Products include Saugandhika, India's largest selling branded saree, and Featherlight, India's most colourful lightweight bridal saree. Kalyan Silks also owns India's largest wholesale textile showroom located at Thrissur. The group has 4,500 employees and a turnover that exceeds Rs 1300 crores. Kalyan Hypermarket In 2016, Kalyan Silks Group ventured into consumer retailing by opening a hypermarket in South India. The first outlet
19275802
Kolar


Kolar is a city in the Indian state of Karnataka. It is the headquarters of Kolar District and is known for production of Milk, which recently surpassed Denmark, and gold mining. Kolar is popularly known as the land of silk, milk, mango (National fruit of India), and gold. The city is the location of the Someshwara temple and the Kolaramma temple. Kolaramma is considered as goddess of city of Kolar. Kolar has APMC market Which is 2nd largest in Asia, Largest in South India. Kolar is
5997224
Silk in the Indian subcontinent


in "Nature" Scientific Reports Karnataka produces 9,000 metric tons of mulberry silk of a total of 14,000 metric tons produced in the country, thus contributing to nearly 70% of the country's total mulberry silk. In Karnataka, silk is mainly grown in the Mysore district. In the second half of the 20th century, it revived and the Mysore State became the top multivoltine silk producer in India. Kanchipuram is located very close to Chennai, the capital of Tamil Nadu. From the past Kanchipuram silk sarees stand out from others
3806042
Textile industry in India


industries during industrial revolution, apart from the domestic requirement at the Indian Ordnance Factories. India is the second largest producer of fibre in the world and the major fibre produced is cotton. Other fibres produced in India include silk, jute, wool, and man-made fibers. 60% of the Indian textile Industry is cotton based. The strong domestic demand and the revival of the Economic markets by 2009 has led to huge growth of the Indian textiles industry. In December 2010, the domestic cotton price was up by 50
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Silk Mark


Silk Mark is a certification mark in India for silk textiles. The mark certifies that the piece of textile which bears the mark is made of pure natural silk. The certification is managed by the 'Silk Mark Organisation of India', a society set up by the state-controlled Central Silk Board of India. Even though promoted by the government of India, the mark is only advisory in nature and is not legally endorsed. The certification scheme was founded by the Central Silk Board in 2004. In the original format,
21297872
Economy of Karnataka


Karnataka based on 2011 prices The main crops grown are Rice, Ragi, Jowar (sorghum), maize, and pulses (Tur and gram) in addition to oilseeds and a number of other cash crops. Cashews, coconut, arecanut, cardamom, chillies, cotton, sugarcane and tobacco are also produced. Karnataka is the largest producer of coarse cereals, coffee, raw silk and tomatoes among the states in India. Horticultural crops are grown in an area of 16,300 km² and the annual production is about 9.58 million tons.
19072770
Silk in the Indian subcontinent


Silk in the Indian subcontinent is a luxury good. In India, about 97% of the raw mulberry silk is produced in the five Indian states of Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, West Bengal and Jammu and Kashmir. Mysore and North Bangalore, the upcoming site of a US$20 million "Silk City", contribute to a majority of silk production. Another emerging silk producer is Tamil Nadu where mulberry cultivation is concentrated in Salem, Erode and Dharmapuri districts. Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh and Gobichettipalayam, Tamil Nadu were
3806008
Wild silk


meaning untamed, wild, or forest-based. Muga, Tasar, and Eri silkworms are not fully tamed and the world lovingly calls the silks they produce as 'wild silks'. India produces four kinds of silk: mulberry, tasar, muga and eri. The silkworm "Bombyx mori" is fed on mulberry leaves cultivated in plantations. Silkworms are also found wild on forest trees, e.g "Antheraea paphia" which produces the tasar silk (Tussah). "Antheraea paphia" feeds on several trees such as "
7987302
Bhagalpur


. The river is home to the Gangetic dolphin, the "National Aquatic Animal of India", and the Vikramshila Gangetic Dolphin Sanctuary is established near the town. Bhagalpur has been associated with the silk industry for hundreds of years, and famous all over India for its Tussar Silk & Bhagalpuri Saree. Silkworms are employed to produce the renowned Tussar Silk from which Tussar Saree is manufactured. The Silk Institute and Agricultural University are located in the city. However, due to the industrial revolution, large portions of the silk business,
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Silk waste


Silk waste includes all kinds of raw silk which may be unwindable, and therefore unsuited to the throwing process. Before the introduction of machinery applicable to the spinning of silk waste, the refuse from cocoon reeling, and also from silk winding, which is now used in producing spun silk fabrics, was nearly all destroyed as being useless, with the exception of that which could be hand-combed and spun by means of the distaff and spinning wheel, a method which is still practised by some of the peasantry in India and
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Eri silk


used by everyone in the regions in which it is produced. It is becoming popular the world over. Buddhist monks in India, Bhutan, Nepal, China, and Japan prefer this silk, due to its non-violent origins. In India, eri was mostly used for the preparation of winter shawls for men and women. The thermal properties of eri silk makes it a suitable fabric for shawls, jackets, blankets, and bed spreads. Dress materials and baby dresses are also made from eri silk fabric because of its
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Gobichettipalayam


is known for its lush green paddy fields which attracts cine industry. Gobichettipalayam is well known for its plantain cultivation and the production of coconuts. There are regulated market places run by the Government of India for the trade of agricultural products mainly turmeric, copra and bananas. Gobichettipalayam is one of the leading producers of silk cocoon in the country. Mulberry cultivation has increased in the recent years and a silk research extension center was established by the Government of Tamil Nadu in collaboration with the Central Silk Board. India's second automated silk
202497
Jharkhand Silk Textile and Handicraft Development Corporation


USA. To substantiate the purity of the silk produce in the state we have also obtained “Silk Mark” from ‘Silk Mark Organisation of India’. The Institute of Economic Studies (IES), New Delhi, honoured both, Mr. Kumar and Jharcraft for their contribution to the industrial sector of the state as well as of the country. Mr. Kumar received the coveted Udyog Ratan award, while Jharcraft was presented a Certificate of Excellence in March 2014. This accolade follows Jharkhand Times Impact Award, 2012, to honour individuals
8538169
Malda district


1867. Rice, jute, legumes, and oilseed are the chief crops in the surrounding area. Malda is the largest producer of excellent quality of jute in India. Mulberry plantations and mango orchards occupy large areas; mango trade and silk manufacture are the main economic activities. The Independence Day of Malda is 17 August 1947. Pāṇini mentioned a city named "Gourpura", which by strong reason may be identified as the city of "Gouda", ruins of which are situated in this district. Examples are legion of the
18607713
Economy of Rajasthan


India and the second largest producer of oilseeds. Rajasthan is also the biggest wool-producing state in India. There are mainly two crop seasons Kharif and Rabi. The main source of irrigation is wells and tanks. The Indira Gandhi Canal irrigates northwestern Rajasthan. Rajasthan is largest producer of rapeseed, bajra, mustard and wool in India and second largest producer of oilseeds and spices and milk. Rajasthan is third largest producer of soya bean and coarse cereals in India. Rajasthan is also the leading producer of milk in North India.
21049661
Animal welfare and rights in India


the world's largest exporter of beef in 2012. According to a 2012 FAO report, India also had the world's largest population of dairy cows (43.6 million) and was the second-largest producer of milk (50.3 million tons per year). In 2011, India was the third largest producer of eggs (behind China and the United States) and the sixth largest producer of chicken meat. India is the second largest fish producer in the world after China, and the industry has substantial room for growth. In
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Economy of Karnataka


The income generated from horticulture constitutes over 40% of income generated from agriculture and it is about 17% of the state's GDP. In floriculture, Karnataka occupies the second position in India in terms of production and 700 tons of flowers (worth 500 million) were produced in 2004–05. A majority of the thirty-five billion rupee silk industry in India is headquartered in Karnataka State, primarily in Mysore and North Bangalore regions of Doddaballapura, the site of a planned 700 million "Silk City". Karnataka is one the
19072771
Srikantadatta Narasimharaja Wadiyar


Srikantadatta Narasimharaja Wadiyar (20 February 1953 – 10 December 2013) was the twenty-sixth head of the erstwhile royal family of the Kingdom of Mysore. Srikantadatta Wadiyar was formerly a Member of Parliament from Mysore constituency. He was a fashion designer and promoted the sale of Mysore silk saris under his brand, Royal Silk of Mysore. In the second half of the 20th century, the South Indian silk industry was revived, and Mysore State became the top silk producer in India. Born in 1953 as the only son of Maharaja
3516547
Silk industry in Azerbaijan


The silk industry in Azerbaijan has existed since ancient times. Shirvan was the largest silk farming region there. The population in Shamakhi, Basqal, Ganja, Shaki and Shusha engaged in silk production. Patterned, ornamental silk female kerchiefs were produced in these regions. Silk production was one of the main activities continued into modern times. The silk produced in Shirvan was known in countries such as Russia and Western Europe by the 11th century. At that time, silk was exported to Russia, Iraq, Syria and other countries from Shamakhi
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Ramanagara


6 years of age. Figures for the district, which was carved out of Bangalore Rural in September 2007, are not available as yet. Now it is changed to Ramanagara district. Ramanagara is well known for its sericulture, and is nicknamed Silk Town and Silk City . The silk produced in this region forms the input for the famous Mysore Silk. Ramanagara is the largest market for silk cocoons in Asia. 50 tonnes of cocoon a day arrive at the town. Ramanagar has extensive granite sites. The Closepet granites are a
11742248
Rajasthan


the state's cash crops. Rajasthan is among the largest producers of edible oils in India and the second largest producer of oilseeds. Rajasthan is also the biggest wool-producing state in India and the main opium producer and consumer. There are mainly two crop seasons. The water for irrigation comes from wells and tanks. The Indira Gandhi Canal irrigates northwestern Rajasthan. The main industries are mineral based, agriculture-based, and textile based. Rajasthan is the second largest producer of polyester fibre in India. Several prominent chemical and
6654165
Dindigul


Nadu State Council for Science and Technology, through its research officers wing, has filed geographical indication for Dindigul locks. A decline in lock industry is observed in modern times and other industries like leather, handloom, and aggro opportunities have gained significance. Silk, muslin and blanket manufacturing is common in Dindigul and after Coimbatore, the city has the second largest textile spindling capacity in the State. Chinnalapatti silk, a brand of silk saree is produced out of Chinnalapatti located from the city. The climate condition of the region is conducive
20325327
Tiruvannamalai district


has a large populace of weavers who are specialize in making Silk sarees. Hand looms are often engaged for weaving, although recently some have turned to mechanized methods of using Power looms. Arani taluk contributes high percent of Silk weaving. Arani is the most important revenue earning town in the district. Though the town is not popular off the state, a bulk of India's Silk apparels is produced by the people of Arani. The district started to industrialize following the establishment of the industrial complex near Cheyyar by the State Industries Promotion
9710586
Bomkai Sari


Bomkai Sari (also Sonepuri Sari) is a handloom saree from Odisha, India. It is an origin of Bomkai, Ganjam district in the state and is primarily produced by the “"Bhulia"” community of Subarnapur district. Bomkai is one of the identified Geographical Indications of India. Sonepur handloom sarees, Sonepuri paatas and silk sarees are popular items displayed at various fashion shows. BOMKAI - Modern in Design with Traditional Tinge Bomkai cotton sarees are mostly accepted for habitual wear and the silk sari is put on ceremonies and sacred
7446465
Lehigh Valley Silk Mills


be seen as early as 1762, but the industry did not become established on a large scale until The Adelaide Silk Mill, the first silk mill in the Lehigh Valley, opened in November 1881. This was soon followed by the R.H. Simon Silk Mill in 1883. By 1900, there were twenty-three silk establishments in the Lehigh Valley, making it and Pennsylvania the world's second-largest producer of silk, second only to New Jersey. As many as 224 mills produced silk in the Lehigh Valley between 1881 and
3169252
Sericulture


Sericulture, or silk farming, is the cultivation of silkworms to produce silk. Although there are several commercial species of silkworms, "Bombyx mori" (the caterpillar of the domestic silkmoth) is the most widely used and intensively studied silkworm. Silk was believed to have first been produced in China as early as the Neolithic Period. Sericulture has become an important cottage industry in countries such as Brazil, China, France, India, Italy, Japan, Korea, and Russia. Today, China and India are the two main
6394296
Wild silk


Fingerprinting and Diagnostics, Hyderabad, India, discovered the complete sequence and the protein structure of Muga Silk Fibroin and published it in "Scientific Reports". The eri silk worm from India feeds on the leaves of the castor plant. It is the only completely domesticated silkworm other than "Bombyx mori". The silk is extremely durable, but cannot be easily reeled off the cocoon and is thus spun like cotton or wool. Some of the best quality wild silk is produced by silkworms in Henan. This is the only
7987304
Smuggling of silkworm eggs into the Byzantine Empire


Two unidentified monks (most likely members of the Nestorian Church) who had been preaching Christianity in India (Church of the East in India), made their way to China by 551 AD. While they were in China, they observed the intricate methods for raising silk worms and producing silk. This was a key development, as the Byzantines had previously thought silk was made in India. In 552 AD, the two monks sought out Justinian I. In return for his generous but unknown promises, the monks agreed to acquire silk
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Kollegal


Kollegal is one of the major taluks in the Chamrajnagar District of Karnataka State in the south of India. It is also the largest taluk in Karnataka, Kollegal is well known for its silk industry which attracts traders from all over the state. Until 1956, Kollegal was part of the Coimbatore district of the Madras Presidency. The States Reorganisation Act of 1956 moved Kollegal to Karnataka primarily organising it along linguistic lines. Kollegal is the name derived from the names of two hermits namely 'Kauhala' and 'Galava' who were believed
10644101
Ganja, Azerbaijan


which produces copper and alumina. There are porcelain, silk and footwear industries. Other industries process food, grapes and cotton from the surrounding farmlands. The city has one of the largest textile conglomerates in Azerbaijan and is famous for a fabric named "Ganja silk", which received the highest marks in the markets of neighboring countries and the Middle East. People are mainly employed in manufacturing, education, transportation, service sectors and catering. “Det.Al-Aluminium” is the largest employer operating in Ganja, followed by
7898445
Economy of East Asia


especially silk, which was based in home workshops in rural areas. By the 1890s, Japanese textiles dominated the domestic market and competed successfully with British products in China and India, as well. Japanese shippers were competing with European traders to carry these goods across Asia and Europe. By improving the quality of textile making equipment to both upgrade the quality and quantity of silk, Japan became the world's largest exporter of silk in 1909. After the first twenty years of the Meiji period, the industrial economy expanded rapidly until about
9257727
Paterson, New Jersey


-populous in the nation. Paterson is known as the "Silk City" for its dominant role in silk production during the latter half of the 19th century. It has since evolved into a major destination for Hispanic immigrants as well as for immigrants from India, South Asia, and the Arab and Muslim world. Paterson has the second-largest Muslim population in the United States by percentage. The area of Paterson was inhabited by the Algonquian-speaking Native American Acquackanonk tribe of the Lenape, also known as the Delaware Indians
4530124
Samuel Marsh (railroad executive)


1850s the New York Dyeing and Printing Company located at Factoryville in Staten Island was one of the largest establishments of that country, in which the dyeing and printing of silk and cotton goods is carried on. An 1854 article in "The New York Times" described: By 1860 the company employing over 200 people and eight steam engines annually producing over five million yard of cotton muslin. Beside this company, Samuel Marsh had founded related firms such as "The New York India Rubber Cloth Company,". This company was founded
6835100
Jaypee Group


of Jaiprakash Gaur. He is the Chairman of the Jaiprakash Associates Limited. Jaypee is India's first largest cement producer and the largest private sector hydropower company with 1,700 MW in operation. The Jaypee Group successfully completed projects in 18 states of India and Bhutan. Jaypee is the engineering and construction company for India's Yamuna Expressway, which opened 9 August 2012. JIL, the group flagship, has an engineering and construction wing which mostly supports Jaypee projects. It also has the largest land bank in India's National Capital Region,
16555938
Muga silk


sophistication in Assam that it was known all over India and abroad. Kautilya’s "Arthashastra", a political literature of the 3rd century BC, makes references to the highly sophisticated silk clothing from Assam. Kautilya mentioned the production of "Dukula", a kind of Silk fabric produced from cocoons in ancient Assam. This Dukula had three varieties. The first variety which was white in colour and very soft in texture was known as "Vangika". It can be identified today as Paat Silk. The second variety known as
18568097
Attacus atlas


accumulated during the larval stage. As a result, they live for only a few days during which their sole objective is seeking out a mate. Adults may be found on wing throughout the year but are most abundant between November and January. In India, Atlas moths are cultivated for their silk in a non-commercial capacity. Unlike silk produced by the related domestic silkmoth ("Bombyx mori"), Atlas moth silk is secreted as broken strands and is therefore less desirable. This brown, wool-like silk,
20604427
Thirubuvanam, Thanjavur


of silk weavers. There is an ancient Kampaheswarar Temple in Thirubuvanam. Thirubuvanam is very near the Cauvery River and is known as a manufacturing hub for silk sari and clothing materials, which is also located in the state of Tamil Nadu. Hand woven silk saris and clothing materials in this ancient and emerging modern state of India have their brands and their respective values associated with the town or village of origin. In this respect Thirubuvanam silk saris are famous and accepted as the silk saris from the delta of the mighty and life-
7859907
Ilkal saree


Ilkal saree () is a traditional form of "saree" which is a common feminine wear in India. Ilkal saree takes its name from the town of Ilkal in the Bagalkot district of Karnataka state, India. Ilkal sarees are woven using cotton warp on the body and art silk warp for border and art silk warp for pallu portion of the saree. In some cases instead of art silk, pure silk is also used. Ilkal saree has been accorded Geographical Indication (GI) tag. Its GI tag number is 43
8098244
Silk


by different entities. Extracting raw silk starts by cultivating the silkworms on mulberry leaves. Once the worms start pupating in their cocoons, these are dissolved in boiling water in order for individual long fibres to be extracted and fed into the spinning reel. To produce 1 kg of silk, 104 kg of mulberry leaves must be eaten by 3000 silkworms. It takes about 5000 silkworms to make a pure silk kimono. The major silk producers are China (54%) and India (14%). Other statistics: The environmental
6484398
Economy of the Kingdom of Mysore


wished to free himself permanently from his bond to the landlord and seek employment elsewhere. The Mysore silk industry was first initiated during the reign of Tipu Sultan. Later it was hit by a global depression, and competition from imported silk and rayon. In the second half of the 20th century, it revived and the Mysore State became the top multivoltine silk producer in India. This system changed under the British, when tax payments were in cash, and were used for the maintenance of the army, police and other civil and
17329873
Mining in India


the world's largest producer and exporter of mica, accounting for almost 60 percent of the net mica production in the world, which it exports to the United Kingdom, Japan, United States of America etc. As one of the largest producers and exporters of iron ore in the world, its majority exports go to Japan, Korea, Europe and the Middle East. Japan accounts for nearly 3/4 of India's total iron ore exports. It also has one of the largest deposits of manganese in the world, and is a
9721429
National Fertilizers


National Fertilizers Limited (NFL) – Miniratna (Cat-1) company () () is an India state owned producer of chemical fertilizers, organic fertilizers and industrial chemicals. As of 2018, it was the second largest producer of fertilizers in India. NFL, incorporated in 1974 is India's largest Central Public Sector Enterprise (Government of India Undertaking) in Fertilizer Sector with a turnover of over Rs. 75 billion. Coming under the administrative control of Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, it is the second largest producer of the key
17020491
Agriculture in India


and 10% of export earnings. India's arable land area of 159.7 million hectares (394.6 million acres) is the second largest in the world, after the United States. Its gross irrigated crop area of 82.6 million hectares (215.6 million acres) is the largest in the world. India is among the top three global producers of many crops, including wheat, rice, pulses, cotton, peanuts, fruits and vegetables. Worldwide, , India had the largest herds of buffalo and cattle, is the largest producer of
2117040
Paddy field


Localities in China which are famous for their spectacular rice paddies are Yuanyang County, Yunnan, and Longsheng County, Guangxi. India has the largest paddy output in the world and is also the fourth largest exporter of rice in the world. In India, West Bengal is the largest rice producing state. Paddy fields are a common sight throughout India, both in the northern gangetic plains and the southern peninsular plateaus. Paddy is cultivated at least twice a year in most parts of India, the two seasons being known as Rabi and
6569211
Artisans Angkor


employment at the end of their formation. Indeed, there were few opportunities in this sector in the mid-1990s and Artisans Angkor was founded to become a vocational organism for people trained by the National Silk Centre. Therefore, CNS hosts Artisans Angkor at Angkor Silk Farm and both work closely together. Since its creation, Artisans Angkor has opened 23 silk workshops in Siem Reap province which makes it the largest employer of the region. Besides fulfilling a social mission, the enterprise is renowned as one of the finest silk producers in Cambodia and
12639495
Evercreech


for Evercreech, a spillover from mills at nearby Bruton and Sherborne. The workforce for the village's three silk factories was made up almost entirely of young women and girls, some of whom started working as young as seven or eight years of age. Fulfilling orders from London, two of the factories were throwing mills which produced high quality spun silk thread. The third mill wove silk thread into cloth. Bales of raw silk were imported to the mills from France, Italy, and India by London merchants . Employment in the
1314806
Elizabeth Wardle


became one of the leading producers of art embroidery in England, supplying several major department stores. Around 1881, Elizabeth founded the Leek School of Art Embroidery, closely associated with the society. Elizabeth Wardle developed a form of embroidery using "tussar silk" (a wild silk). Her husband had recently expanded his business by dyeing the fibre, which he sourced in India. He promoted tussar silk and designed works for the Leek embroiderers. Thomas Wardle imported some tussar silk in woven form, but the embroiders were interested in
8372358
Kalyan Silks


Kalyan Silks is an Indian textile retailer. It is a subsidiary of the Kaylan Group holding company. It was started in 1909 in the city of Thrissur. It is now the world's largest silk saree showroom network with 28 world-class showrooms spread across Kerala, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, the United Arab Emirates, and Oman. Mr T. S. Pattabhiraman is the Chairman and Managing Director of the group. The company introduced India's first branded bridal silk saree, Saugandhika, and was the first textile retailer to create in
19275801
Tussar silk


as other food plants like jamun and oak found in South Asia, eating the leaves of the trees they live on. Tussar silk is valued for its rich texture and natural deep gold colour, and varieties are produced in many countries, including China, India, Japan, and Sri Lanka. In order to kill the silkworms, the cocoons are dried in the sun. A variation of the process exists in which the silkworms are allowed to leave before the cocoons are soaked in boiling water to soften the silk and then reeled
7927878
Silk in the Indian subcontinent


great transformation in the textile weaving industry. The exquisite latifa (beautiful) buti was the outcome of the fusion of Persian and Indian designs. Brocades produced at the royal workshops of other well-known Muslim centres in Syria, Egypt, Turkey and Persia were also exported to India. Under the Mughals, sericulture and silk-weaving received special encouragement and silk cloth produced in the Punjab came to be prized throughout the world. Lahore and Multan developed into major centres of silk industry. The tradition continues. "See also:
3806013
Silk Road sites in India


Silk Road sites in India are sites that were important for trade on the ancient Silk Road. There are 12 such places in India. These are spread across seven states in India (Bihar, Jammu and Kashmir, Maharashtra, Puducherry, Punjab, Tamil Nadu and Uttar Pradesh. These sites are on tentative list of UNESCO World Heritage Sites. The excavations conducted by Archaeological Survey of India have unearth remains of "Kuthagarshala", "Swastika" shaped monastery, a tank, a cluster of votive stupas, miniature shrines, main
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Lehigh Valley Silk Mills


The Lehigh Valley Silk Mills refers to a collection of mills located in the Lehigh Valley. The industry began in 1881 and thrived throughout the Industrial Revolution. The Lehigh Valley Silk Mills also refers to a specific company that owned the Lipps & Sutton Silk Mill and Warren Mill. The first silk mill in the Lehigh Valley opened in 1881 followed by many others. By 1900, there were twenty-three silk establishments in the Lehigh Valley, making Pennsylvania the second largest producer of silk in the world. The silk industry in Pennsylvania
3169248
Rajasthan


India. Rajasthan produces over 72% of guar of the world and 60% of India's barley. Rajasthan is major producer of aloe vera, amla, oranges leading producer of maize, groundnut. Rajasthan government had initiated olive cultivation with technical support from Israel. The current production of olives in the state is around 100–110 tonnes annually. Rajasthan is India's second largest producer of milk. Rajasthan has 13800 dairy co-operative societies. Rajasthan is connected by many national highways. Most renowned being NH 8, which is India
6654168
Film industry


generated in the domestic market alone. India is the largest producer of films in the world and second oldest film industry in the world which originated around about 105 years ago. In 2009 India produced a total of 2,961 films on celluloid; this figure includes 1,288 feature films. Besides being the largest producer of films in the world, India also has the largest number of admissions. Indian film industry is multi-lingual and the largest in the world in terms of ticket sales but 3rd largest in terms of revenue mainly due to
6027247
History of silk


loom, developed for silk embroidery. An epidemic of several silkworm diseases caused production to fall, especially in France, where the industry never recovered. In the 20th century Japan and China regained their earlier role in silk production, and China is now once again the world's largest producer of silk. The rise of new fabrics such as nylon reduced the prevalence of silk throughout the world, and silk is now once again a rare luxury good, much less important than in its heyday. The earliest evidence of silk was found
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Economy of West Bengal


) in 2009–10. A plurality of the state's population are peasant farmers. Rice and potato are considered to be the principal food crops. The state is the largest source of the important food crop of rice, a staple diet across India, with an annual output of around 16.1 million tonnes in FY 2015-16, and the second-largest producer of potatoes in India with an average annual output of 11 million tonnes in FY 15. West Bengal is also the second-largest fish producing state. Apart from these
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Economy of Rajasthan


Honda Siel Cars, Coca-Cola, Gillete etc. Rajasthan is pre-eminent in quarrying and mining in India. Hindustan Zinc, headquartered in Udaipur, Rajasthan is India's only and world's leading integrated Zinc, Lead and Silver producer. With its large scale operations of smelting and mining in various districts of Rajasthan, the company has contributed to the socio-economic development of the state. The state is the largest source of cement. Rajasthan is largest cement producing state of India. It has rich salt deposits at
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Assam silk


that muga silk cannot be dyed or bleached due to "low porosity", but this is incorrect; muga takes dye like any other silk. This silk can be hand washed with its lustre increasing after every wash. Very often the silk outlives its owner. In 2015, Adarsh Gupta K of Nagaraju's research team at Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics, Hyderabad, India, discovered the complete sequence and the protein structure of muga silk fibroin and published it in "Nature" Scientific Reports Pat silk is produced by
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Culture of Bengal


production in Bengal dates back to the 4th century BCE. The region exported the fabric to Ancient Greece and Rome. Bengali silk was known as Ganges Silk in the 13th century Republic of Venice. Mughal Bengal was a major silk exporter. The Bengali silk industry declined after the growth of Japanese silk production. Rajshahi silk continues to be produced in northern Bangladesh. Murshidabad and Malda are the centers of the silk industry in West Bengal. After the reopening of European trade with medieval India, Mughal Bengal became the world's foremost muslin
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Economy of India


, and served part of the domestic demand for engineering goods. The engineering industry of India includes its growing car, motorcycle and scooters industry, and productivity machinery such as tractors. India manufactured and assembled about 18 million passenger and utility vehicles in 2011, of which 2.3 million were exported. India is the largest producer and the largest market for tractors, accounting for 29% of global tractor production in 2013. India is the 12th-largest producer and 7th-largest consumer of machine tools. The automotive manufacturing industry contributed $
7357177
Sino-Roman relations


time of the Eastern Roman ruler Justinian I (r. 527–565 AD), the Byzantines purchased Chinese silk from Sogdian intermediaries. They also smuggled silkworms out of China with the help of Nestorian monks, who claimed that the land of Serindia was located north of India and produced the finest silk. By smuggling silkworms and producing silk of their own, the Byzantines could bypass the Chinese silk trade dominated by their chief rivals, the Sasanian Empire. From Turkic peoples of Central Asia during the Northern Wei (386–535 AD) period the Eastern
2483388
Karnataka


Bank of Mysore originated in this state. The coastal districts of Udupi and Dakshina Kannada have a branch for every 500 persons—the best distribution of banks in India. In March 2002, Karnataka had 4767 branches of different banks with each branch serving 11,000 persons, which is lower than the national average of 16,000. A majority of the silk industry in India is headquartered in Karnataka, much of it in Doddaballapura, and the state government intends to invest 70 crore in a "Silk City" at Muddenahalli, near Bangalore International
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Technological and industrial history of China


port cities of Shanghai, Qingdao, Tianjin, and Guangzhou. New spinning and weaving facilities opened near the inland cotton-producing regions. In 1983 China produced 4.6 million tons of cotton, more than double the 1978 total. China still was the world's largest silk producer in 1983, manufacturing approximately 1 billion meters of silk textiles. Shanghai Municipality and Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces were the main silk centers. That year China also produced approximately 100,000 tons of knitting wool, 140 million meters of woolen piece goods, 3.3 million tons
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Thai silk


research as well as providing silkworm eggs and know-how to Thai farmers. After silk originated in ancient China and India where the practice of weaving silk began around 2,640 BCE, Chinese merchants spread the use of silk throughout Asia through trade. However, silk produced on the Khorat plateau was generally only used for private consumption, with the Thai court preferring to purchase Chinese silk imports. There was an attempt in the early 20th century to develop the industry, with the help of a Japanese sericulture expert, Kametaro Toyama. But
14589370
Silk in the Indian subcontinent


that can be found in the earlier designs dating back to the Mughal era. Assam silk denotes the three major types of indigenous wild silks produced in Assam—golden muga, white pat and warm eri silk. The Assam silk industry, now centred in Sualkuchi, is a labour-intensive industry. It's registered trademark is SUALKUCHI'S. In 2015, Adarsh Gupta K of Nagaraju's research team at Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics, Hyderabad, India discovered the complete sequence and the protein structure of muga silk fibroin and published it
3806041
Nonotuck Silk Company


The company changed its name again and as the Corticelli Silk Company grew to be one of the world's largest producers of silk thread. The thread was made with raw silk imported from Japan. In New York City, the Corticelli logo—a kitten playing with a spool of thread—loomed over Broadway from a huge electrical sign at 42nd Street between 1910 and 1913. In 1922, the Nonotuck Silk Company and the Brainerd and Armstrong Company merged and ten years later the Corticelli Silk Company merged with the Belding-Hemingway Company
6674185
Murshidabad district


favour of stainless steel, plastic and ceramic goods and crockery. The District is having the largest Power Plant at Sagardighi 12 km from Raghunathganj, it also having a Central power plant at Farraka NTPC Generating 1600MW power.A Hydropower project is upcoming in the district.The District is the largest manufacturer of Bidi and many women from the district are involved in manufacturing Bidi. The Baluchari sarees are figured silk saree produced in the town of Baluchar in Murshidabad district. Baluchar sarees essentially have a silk base with silk brocaded designs with respect
1308603
Florence, Massachusetts


Industry, invented a machine that could spin silk smooth enough to be used in sewing machines. After the commune dissolved, Hill took over the factory and ran it as the Nonotuck Silk Company. Hill's home at 31-35 Maple Street in Florence served as a stop for the Underground Railway. The company changed its name again, and, as the Corticelli Silk Company, grew to be one of the world's largest producers of silk thread, made with raw silk imported from Japan. In New York City, the
18319125
Kovai Cora Cotton


Kovai Cora cotton or Kovai Kora cotton is a type of saree made in the Coimbatore region in Tamil Nadu, India. It has been recognized as a Geographical indication by the Government of India in 2014-15. Kovai Kora cotton is made from a blend of silk and cotton. A superior quality cotton yarn is mixed with traditional silk to produce kora cotton. The sarees have bright colored border designs with occasional use of shining zari. The required designs are weaved using the loom using combinations of colored cotton and silk threads and
12133073
Rajshahi silk


Rajshahi silk is the name given to the silk products produced in Rajshahi, Bangladesh. It is famous because it is a high quality fabric used for clothing, especially for saris. Records date the beginning of silk production in the region to the 13th century. It was then known as Bengal silk or Ganges silk. The government of Pakistan started silk production in Rajshahi in 1952. The Rajshahi Silk Factory was a state owned factory which was founded in 1961. In 1978 it was handed over to the Bangladesh Sericulture Development Board.
12008948
Coal-mining region


Coal mining regions are significant resource extraction industries in many parts of the world. They provide a large amount of the fossil fuel energy in the world economy. The People's Republic of China is the largest producer of coal in the world, while the United States contains the world's largest 'recoverable' coal reserves (followed by Pakistan, Russia, China, and India). China and the United States are also among the largest coal consumers. Other important coal producing countries include Australia, India, South Africa, and
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Silk industry in China


China is the world's largest silk producer. The vast majority of Chinese silk originates from the mulberry silkworms ("Bombyx mori"). During the larval stage of its life-cycle, the insects feeds on the leaves of mulberry trees. Non-mulberry silkworms cocoon production in China primarily focuses on wild silk from the Chinese Tussah moth ("Antheraea" spp.). This moth typically feeds on trees (e.g. oaks) and its larvae spin coarser, flatter, yellower filament than the mulberry silk moths. In
17058798
Thomas Wardle (industrialist)


At Morris & Co. at Merton Abbey Mills, Morris established his own textile printing while Wardle continued to print Morris's early designs. Wardle also collaborated with other designers such as Léon-Victor Solon. In 1885, Wardle accepted a Government invitation to visit Bengal Province (part of the then British Raj in India), to investigate the state there of sericulture; the quality of silk from there was not as good as silk from producers in other countries. He found that a great proportion the silkworms were dying of preventible diseases
9758927
Eastern South Asia


Nepal has been a key participant in the Chinese One Belt, One Road initiative, which seeks to revive the historical Silk Road between South Asia and Tibet. The rapid development of the Chinese economy has caused increased trade and economic activity between China and Eastern South Asia. China is the largest trading partner of India, Bangladesh, and Nepal while Hong Kong is one of Bhutan's chief trading partners. The Indian economy has emerged as one of the world's fastest-growing economies although its eastern and northeastern states have had lower
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Silk


the east are well recognized. In the northeastern state of Assam, three different types of silk are produced, collectively called Assam silk: Muga, Eri and Pat silk. Muga, the golden silk, and Eri are produced by silkworms that are native only to Assam. Silk is produced year-round in Thailand by two types of silkworms, the cultured Bombycidae and wild Saturniidae. Most production is after the rice harvest in the southern and northeastern parts of the country. Women traditionally weave silk on hand looms and pass the
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Kongu Nadu


plantain, industrial products including paper, auto parts, water pumps, wet grinders, jewelry, aluminium and steel and IT services in Tamil Nadu. Kovai Cora cotton sarees, Coimbatore Wet Grinders, Salem silk sarees, Bhavani Jamakkalam, Toda Embroidery and Nilgiri tea are recognized geographical Indications from the region. Coimbatore along with Tiruppur is called the "Manchester of South India" due to its extensive textile industry, fed by the surrounding cotton fields. Dindigul district is the largest vegetable producing district in Tamil Nadu. Oddanchatram market is the
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Aarani, Tiruvannamalai


mills to produce best quality rice called "Arni Ponni" from paddy, the town also has a large community of silk weaver who specialize in making silk sarees. Hand looms are most frequently used for the weaving, although recently some have turned to mechanized methods such as Power looms. Arani is the number one in revenue earning in Tiruvannamalai District, Tamil Nadu. Though the town is not well known outside Tamil Nadu, a bulk of India's silk apparels is produced by the people of Arani. Arani is a (lok
5062375
Coal India


SENSEX on 8 August 2011. On 30 January 2015, in an offer for sale (OFS), Government of India sold a further 10% stake in CIL. Priced at per share, the sale fetched the government , making it the largest ever equity offering in the Indian share market. CIL is the largest coal producing company in the world. It produced 536.51 MT (million tonne) coal during FY2015-16. Coal India operates through 81 mining areas in eight states in India. As on 1 April 2015,
2689498
Madhuca longifolia


leaves of "Madhuca indica" (= "M. longifolia") are fed on by the moth "Antheraea paphia", which produces tassar silk, a form of wild silk of commercial importance in India. Leaves, flowers and fruits are also lopped to feed goats and sheep. The Tamils have several uses for "M. longifolia" ("iluppai" in Tamil). The saying ""aalai illaa oorukku iluppaip poo charkkarai"" indicates when there is no cane sugar available, the flower of "M. longifolia" can
5916047
Economy of Iran


alfalfa and clover), almonds, walnuts and spices including cumin and sumac. Iran is the world's largest producer of saffron, pistachios, honey, berberis and berries and the second largest date producer. Meat and dairy products include lamb, goat meat, beef, poultry, milk, eggs, butter, and cheese. Non-food products include wool, leather, and silk. Forestry products from the northern slopes of the Alborz Mountains are economically important. Tree-cutting is strictly controlled by the government, which also
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Exide Industries


Exide Industries Limited is a storage battery producing company and a life insurance company headquartered in Kolkata, India. It is the largest manufacturer of automotive and industrial lead-acid batteries in India and fourth largest in the world. It has plants in India and Sri Lanka and dealership network in 46 countries spanning across 5 continents. Exide also has four major lead-acid battery recycling facilities — two of which are in the United States, and Spain and Portugal each have one as well. The company claims that 99 percent of lead
15621109
Thai silk


Thai silk () is produced from the cocoons of Thai silkworms. Thailand's silkworm farmers cultivate both types of the domesticated silkworms that produce commercial silk: "Samia ricini", commonly known as the eri silkworm, which produces matte eri silk, and the "Bombyx mori", producer of the better known, glossy mulberry silk. The latter is by far the larger silk producer of the two. In Thailand, the Center for Excellence in Silk at Kasetsart University's Kamphaeng Saen campus plays a leading research role in sericulture
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Ahimsa silk


Ahimsa silk, also known as peace silk, is a kind of silk that is purported to be made in a fashion that is much more humane to the creatures creating the silk than many traditional methodologies. Kusuma Rajaiah, a government officer from India's Andhra Pradesh state, applied the theories behind the ahimsa way of life to the making of silk and found that it was possible to create silk without killing the creatures that created it. Traditional silk manufacturing methods involve boiling the cocoons of the silkworm and then sorting out the threads
12920089
Lagerstroemia


quality of wood. "Lagerstroemia" species are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera (moth and butterfly) species including "Endoclita malabaricus". The leaves of "L. parviflora" are fed on by the "Antheraea paphia" moth which produces the tassar silk, a form of wild silk of commercial importance in India. Certain species of crape myrtle are used in landscaping and gardening as screens, lawn specimens, shrub borders, and container plants. Since crape myrtles are found in many places, there are
1811091
Coal mining in India


step toward denationalization, on 20 February 2018, the government permitted private firms to enter the commercial coal mining industry. Under the new policy, mines will be auctioned to the firm offering the highest per tonne price. The move broke the monopoly over commercial mining that state-owned Coal India has enjoyed since nationalisation in 1973. India has the fifth largest coal reserves in the world, and is the fourth largest producer of coal in the world, producing in 2016–17. As on 31 March 2017, India had of the resource
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Electricity sector in India


feed for fish / poultry / cattle can be produced from water with electricity which is known as power to food According to "Oil and Gas Journal", India had approximately 38 trillion cubic feet (Tcf) of proven natural gas reserves as of January 2011, world's 26th largest. United States Energy Information Administration estimates that India produced approximately 1.8 Tcf of natural gas in 2010, while consuming roughly 2.3 Tcf of natural gas. The electrical power and fertiliser sectors account for nearly three-quarters of natural gas consumption in India
19394607
Chundrigar


The Chundrigar are a Muslim community found in the state of Gujarat, India. A few are also found in the city of Karachi, Pakistan. The Chundrigars are a Gujarati speaking community, associated with the silk knot printing and manufacture of a piece of cloth known as the "chunri" or "dupata". They claim to have been Arabs who settled in Sindh and then moved to Gujarat. There largest concentration is the city of Surat, although there is a large diaspora in Karachi. According to some traditions, the
18414818
Silk


with a large silkworm breeding facility that produced all the laces and linens used in the Vatican. The city was world-famous for its fine fabrication of silks, velvets, damasks and brocades. Another notable center was the Italian city-state of Lucca which largely financed itself through silk-production and silk-trading, beginning in the 12th century. Other Italian cities involved in silk production were Genoa, Venice and Florence. The Silk Exchange in Valencia from the 15th century—where previously in 1348 also "perxal" (
6484389
Lehigh Valley Silk Mills


roughly 1933 – 1985, periodically loaning the property. In 1991, Pfizer Pigments Inc. transferred the property to James and Helen Garofalo and Helen Beth Garofalo-Vilcek who subsequently transferred the property to the City of Easton in 2006. One of the most important men of the American Silk industry, Desiderius George Dery, also made his home in the valley. By 1920 he was the largest single producer of silk in the world, and 8 of his 15 mills were located in the Lehigh Valley. The demise of the silk industry
3169256
Assam silk


called Seres – Cirrahadoi – Syrities – Cirata-Kirata. The word Kirata therefore, is a general term referring to the people of the Mongolian origin and it refers specially to the Bodos." These Bodos referred by Nath are today known as Bodo-Kacharis which includes groups such as Boros, Dimasas, Chutias, Rabhas, Sonowal, Garo, Koch and many more. J.Geoghegan in his book "Silk in India" states that: "It is the Kiratas who introduced the cultivation of silk with its different varieties in Assam
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