how did the strategy of members of the liberty party differ from other abolitionists
Women's suffrage in the United States


from residents of at least three counties. Several members of the radical wing of the abolitionist movement supported suffrage. In 1846, Samuel J. May, a Unitarian minister and radical abolitionist, vigorously supported women's suffrage in a sermon that was later circulated as the first in a series of women's rights tracts. In 1846, the Liberty League, an offshoot of the abolitionist Liberty Party, petitioned Congress to enfranchise women. A convention of the Liberty Party in Rochester, New York in May 1848 approved a resolution calling for "
12494318
Liberty Party (United States, 1840)


the "Barnburner" faction of New York Democrats splitting off from the rest of the Democratic Party, there was the possibility of forming a much larger and more influential political grouping devoted to anti-slavery goals—but not all of whom considered themselves to be primarily abolitionists as such, or were willing to work under the Liberty Party name. Therefore, many Liberty Party members met in Buffalo, New York with other groups in August 1848 to form the Free Soil Party, a party that although opposed to slavery was not strictly
4474438
History of slavery in West Virginia


Franklin Society. He advocated an end to slavery in the west for economic and social reasons, believing that slavery retarded development and growth. In the 1840s the recently formed abolitionist Liberty Party attempted to attract Virginians to their cause and did draw some members from western Virginia. The advocacy of abolitionism however also brought about violent reactions from pro-slavery Virginians. From 1840 through the 1850s most of the notable mob actions against abolitionists in Virginia took place in western Virginia. In 1839 a mob from Guyandotte crossed the Ohio River and kidnapped
20223404
William H. Seward


the United States, party support was divided. The abolitionist movement attracted those who did not want to be part of a party led by slavery-supporting southerners. In 1844, Seward was asked to run for president by members of the Liberty Party; he declined and reluctantly supported the Whig nominee, Clay. The Kentuckian was defeated by Democrat James K. Polk. The major event of Polk's administration was the Mexican–American War; Seward did not support this, feeling that the price in blood was not worth the increase
3264922
Gerrit Smith


. By 1856, very little of the Liberty Party remained after most of its members joined the Free Soil Party in 1848 and nearly of all what remained of the party joined the Republicans in 1854. The small remnant of the party renominated Smith under the name of the "National Liberty Party". In 1860, the remnant of the party was also called the Radical Abolitionists. A convention of one hundred delegates was held in Convention Hall, Syracuse, New York, on August 29, 1860. Delegates were in attendance from
14548472
American Anti-Slavery Society


Slavery Society. Wright was among them. They were more conservative, supporting organized religion and traditional forms of governance, and excluding women from leadership. Another issue was whether abolitionists should enter politics as a distinct party. The Liberty Party was a separate anti-slavery organization that broke away from the American Anti-Slavery Society in 1839 in order to pursue an abolitionist agenda through the political process. As a radical, Garrison did not believe it prudent to fight the system from the inside. The disruption of the American Anti-
6080180
Liberty Party (United States, 1840)


speaking abolitionist. A minority which was not willing to merge with the Free Soil Party nominated Gerrit Smith as rump National Liberty Party candidate for 1848 at a convention held on June 14–15, 1848 in Buffalo. Smith went on to win 2,545 votes, less than 1% of the Free Soil vote total. The Free Soil Party later merged with the Republican Party in 1854, by which time many of the issues originally championed by the Liberty Party had become politically mainstream. A member of the Liberty Party who later rose to great
4474439
Presidency of James K. Polk


creation of the Free Soil Party, an anti-slavery (though not abolitionist) party that attracted Democrats, Whigs, and members of the Liberty Party. Authoritative word of the discovery of gold in California did not arrive in Washington until after the 1848 election, by which time Polk was a lame duck. Polk was delighted by the discovery of gold, seeing it as validation of his stance on expansion, and he referred to the discovery several times in his final annual message to Congress that December. Shortly thereafter, actual
13661681
Identity and Democracy Party


Freedom" ("Vrijheid") dealt with liberties in Europe and how they would be threatened by immigration from "countries with cultures which are fundamentally different [from the European one]". The movement's member parties and allies met in July 2016 in Vienna, an event hosted by Austria's FPÖ. The French National Rally, Matteo Salvini's Northern League, the AfD, Belgium's Vlaams Belang, the Dutch Party for Freedom were present among other independent politicians and smaller European parties. According to Politico, the movement
16172059
Wayne Goss


as a solicitor and then with the Aboriginal Legal Service before setting up his own practice, but did not become a member of the Australian Labor Party until the dismissal of Gough Whitlam in November 1975. Goss entered state politics as a Labor Party MLA in 1983 for the electoral district of Salisbury and, from 1986 onwards, for Logan. Along with others, Goss was a key figure in the 1970s-1980s civil liberties fight against the Bjelke-Petersen Government, pursuing legal and political strategies against Bjelke-Petersen. He was elected Leader
18966820
Liberty Party (United States, 1840)


The Liberty Party was a minor political party in the United States in the 1840s (with some offshoots surviving into the 1860s). The party was an early advocate of the abolitionist cause and it broke away from the American Anti-Slavery Society (AASS) to advocate the view that the Constitution was an anti-slavery document. William Lloyd Garrison, leader of the AASS, held the contrary view that the Constitution should be condemned as an evil pro-slavery document. The party included abolitionists who were willing to work within
4474433
Abraham Lincoln in politics, 1849–1861


split by the Kansas–Nebraska Act and other efforts to compromise on the slavery issue. Reflecting the demise of his party, Lincoln would write in 1855, "I think I am a Whig, but others say there are no Whigs, and that I am an abolitionist [...] I do no more than oppose the "extension" of slavery." Drawing on the antislavery portion of the Whig Party, and combining Free Soil, Liberty, and antislavery Democratic Party members, the new Republican Party formed as a northern
20062157
Liberty Party (United States, 1840)


electoral politics to try to influence people to support their goals. By contrast, the radical Garrison opposed voting and working within the system. Many Liberty Party members joined the anti-slavery (but not abolitionist) Free Soil Party in 1848 and eventually helped establish the Republican Party in the 1850s. The party was announced in November 1839 and first gathered in Warsaw, New York. Its first national convention took place in Arcade on April 1, 1840. The Liberty Party nominated James G. Birney, a Kentuckian and former slaveholder,
4474434
Ohio Women's Convention at Salem in 1850


association of Quakers who separated from the main body partly so they could be freer to work for such causes as abolitionism and women's rights, was formed in Salem in 1849. The local school board was composed of abolitionists from both wings of that movement: the followers of William Lloyd Garrison, who opposed involvement in political activity, and supporters of the Liberty Party, an abolitionist political party. All eight members of the school board had female relatives who participated in the Salem convention. The call to the Salem convention declared that
12817855
Samuel Ringgold Ward


interested in the abolitionist aspect of preventing further inclusion of slave states into the union. Indeed, at the Liberty Party National Convention in June 1848, Samuel R. Ward received 12 of a possible 84 votes to place second in balloting for that party's nomination as their candidate for the Office of U.S. Vice President. Other abolitionists both white and black were well aware of Ward's oratory abilities and commended his brilliant efforts in the abolitionist movement. His activities brought him in close contact with fellow orator and abolitionist Frederick Douglass who said of
13354708
Abraham Lincoln


of his party, Lincoln wrote in 1855, "I think I am a Whig, but others say there are no Whigs, and that I am an abolitionist [...] I do no more than oppose the "extension" of slavery." Drawing on the antislavery portion of the Whig Party, and combining Free Soil, Liberty, and antislavery Democratic Party members, the new Republican Party formed as a northern party dedicated to antislavery. Lincoln resisted early recruiting attempts, fearing that it would serve as a platform for extreme
432
Charles C. Foote


Rev. Charles C. Foote (March 30, 1811 – May 3, 1891) was an American Presbyterian minister, abolitionist and temperance activist. He was the vice-presidential nominee of the Liberty Party in the 1848 election alongside Gerritt Smith. The Liberty Party was an abolitionist political party which later merged with the Free Soil Party. Foote was born in 1811 in Olean, New York and moved to Milford, Michigan in 1834. He graduated from Oberlin College in 1840. He was ordained a Presbyterian minister and married Clarissa Clark in
2544752
Liberty Bell


its frontispiece, with the words "Proclaim Liberty". In 1839, Boston's Friends of Liberty, another abolitionist group, titled their journal "The Liberty Bell". The same year, William Lloyd Garrison's anti-slavery publication "The Liberator" reprinted a Boston abolitionist pamphlet containing a poem entitled "The Liberty Bell" that noted that, at that time, despite its inscription, the bell did not proclaim liberty to "all" the inhabitants of the land. A great part of the modern image of the
15173454
Lysander Spooner


that the Founding Fathers had probably not intended to outlaw slavery when writing the Constitution, Spooner argued that only the meaning of the text, not the private intentions of its writers, was enforceable. He used a complex system of legal and natural law arguments in order to show that the clauses usually interpreted as supporting slavery did not in fact support it and that several clauses of the Constitution prohibited the states from establishing slavery. Spooner's arguments were cited by other pro-Constitution abolitionists such as Gerrit Smith and the Liberty Party,
2096251
Aileen S. Kraditor


Kraditor admired the social perfectionists led by William Lloyd Garrison. In 1973 she said the Liberty Party was "conceived in frustration, acted out a farce, and died in betrayal." Kraditor’s early history of female abolitionists may have been the most influential work on women's anti-slavery organizations. The history went into detail on the objections by men to the public roles that abolitionist women played, objections that may have helped inspire these women. Kraditor was a member of the Communist Party for eleven years. She noted there
5026422
William Lloyd Garrison


wrest leadership of the AAS from Garrison, he was part of another group of abolitionists unhappy with Garrison's influence—those who disagreed with Garrison's insistence that because the U.S. Constitution was a pro-slavery document, abolitionists should not participate in politics and government. A growing number of abolitionists—including Stanton, Gerrit Smith, Charles Turner Torrey, and Amos A. Phelps—wanted to form an anti-slavery political party and seek a political solution to slavery. They withdrew from the AAS in 1840, formed the Liberty Party
17581087
Personal liberty laws


one to openly attack the Personal Liberty Laws. Many of these laws were ignored by officials of the law and judges. This unequal treatment however did not stop the abolitionists from their fight to win justice for all people. Because most of the abolitionists and supporters of the Personal Liberty Laws resided in the northern states, the controversy added to the already growing rift between the two halves of the country. The northern states refused to repeal the laws and the southern states were not willing to give up slavery. The end result was
7843542
72nd New York State Legislature


. The Democratic Party was split into two factions: the "Barnburners" and the "Hunkers." The Barnburners walked out of the 1848 Democratic state convention and formed with a small faction of anti-slavery Whigs and a part of the Liberty Party the Free Soil Party. The uncompromising radical abolitionists ran their own tickets as the Liberty Party. The New York state election, 1848 was held on November 7. Whigs Hamilton Fish and George W. Patterson were elected Governor and Lieutenant Governor; and the other two statewide elective offices
14966582
Robert Howe (Continental Army officer)


Assembly from the new county. Howe would be re-elected six more times from Brunswick County. In 1765, Howe worked with other colonial leaders such as Hugh Waddell, Abner Nash, and Cornelius Harnett to found the Wilmington Sons of Liberty organization, which was active in protesting the Stamp Act 1765 that taxed most printed materials. At the time, the members of the Sons of Liberty did not consider their resistance to be rebellion, as it was based on the idea that government officials who performed acts in opposition to the
12387205
John Quincy Adams


1844 Democratic National Convention due to the latter's opposition to annexation; the party instead nominated James K. Polk, an acolyte of Andrew Jackson. Though he once again did not take part in the campaigning, Adams was deeply disappointed that Polk defeated his old ally, Henry Clay, in the 1844 election. He attributed the outcome of the election partly to the Liberty Party, a small, abolitionist third party that may have siphoned votes from Clay in the crucial state of New York. After the election, Tyler, whose term
15638906
Second Party System


Henry Clay from the National Republicans and from other opponents of Jackson. Minor parties included the Anti-Masonic Party, an important innovator from 1827 to 1834; the abolitionist Liberty Party in 1840; and the anti-slavery expansion Free Soil Party in 1848 and 1852. The Second Party System reflected and shaped the political, social, economic and cultural currents of the Jacksonian Era, until succeeded by the Third Party System. Frank Towers specifies an important ideological divide: Historian Richard P. McCormick is most responsible for defining the term.
13261602
Economic history of Sweden's Age of Liberty


financial policy and his close association with the late king Charles. In 1721, individual peace treaties were signed with the belligerents of the Great Northern War. Thus began Sweden's Age of Liberty. To understand the economics of the Age of Liberty it first necessary to understand how the new Riksdag worked, the different political parties that held power during the age, and their economic policies. Under the new constitution, the RIksdag alone had true executive and judicial power. The RIksdag elected council members and these members answered to the Riksdag
13633539
Erastus Hussey


Soon the Hussey home had become one of the main stations on the Underground Railroad. In 1846, Erastus Hussey ran for the U.S. House of Representatives on the abolitionist Michigan Liberty Party ticket. He lost the election, but remained undeterred. In 1848, Hussey began to publish an abolitionist newspaper called the "Michigan Liberty Press". He became increasingly involved in politics. In 1850, Hussey won a seat in the Michigan House of Representatives, as the representative from Calhoun County. In 1854, he ran for a seat in
4696394
Martin Van Buren


party. At a convention held in June 1848 in Utica, New York, the Barnburners nominated Van Buren for president. Though reluctant to bolt from the Democratic Party, Van Buren accepted the nomination to show the power of the anti-slavery movement, help defeat Cass, and weaken the Hunkers. At a convention held in Buffalo, New York in August 1848, a group of anti-slavery Democrats, Whigs, and members of the abolitionist Liberty Party met in the first national convention of what became known as the Free
20161476
Charles Turner Torrey


of the vice-presidents of the organizing meeting. Following the meeting, he became the Liberty Party organizer for Massachusetts. Torrey was one of the original founders of the Boston Vigilance Committee in 1841, and served briefly as its secretary. By the end of 1841, Torrey had tired of the slow pace of political abolitionism and went to Washington, D.C., as a reporter for several abolitionist newspapers. It seems likely that he had already formulated a plan to free slaves. He immediately began attending black churches and befriending abolitionist members
2977437
Titus Hutchinson


to his involvement with the Anti-Masonic Party. He was almost elected United States representative in 1833, winning the highest vote total in the general election and the first runoff, but losing in the second runoff to Horace Everett. Hutchinson became involved with the abolitionist Liberty Party and was their candidate for governor of Vermont in 1841; he received 6% of the vote and deprived the other candidates of a majority, sending the election to the state legislature. He ran on the Liberty ticket for United States representative three times (
14177401
1853 Wisconsin gubernatorial election


D. Holton was a resident of Milwaukee. He was a businessman and banker, interested in building a railroad to stretch from Milwaukee to the Mississippi River. He was an avowed abolitionist, first as a member of the Liberty Party, and then its successor the Free Soil Party. He was also a supporter of temperance legislation in Wisconsin. Henry S. Baird was a resident of Green Bay, and was said to be the first practicing lawyer in the Wisconsin Territory. He had served as Attorney General of the Wisconsin Territory, appointed
9817028
Griffins Mills Presbyterian Church


formed Liberty Party in Erie County. The Liberty Party was a minor political party in the 1840s that was an early advocate for the abolitionist cause. On September 5, 1844, a county mass meeting of the Liberty Party, for the nomination of party candidates, was held at Griffins Mills. To push the cause further, at the Church monthly meeting on November 13, 1846, Rev. John Sanly opened with prayer, and Brother Joshua Phillips read the Resolutions that a committee had drawn up: On December 15, 1848,
21314108
John Hossack


. Chief Justice Caton agreed that the state law by which Gray was being held was unconstitutional, but nevertheless ordered the Jonesboro sheriff to turn Gray over to the U.S. Commissioner in Springfield, Illinois so that the federal government could determine how to proceed under the Fugitive Slave Law of 1850. A number of abolitionists, including Hossack, attended the court that day, and, upon hearing Chief Justice Caton's decision, they yelled at Gray to run, Hossack saying "If you want your liberty, come." Other abolitionists then
2298268
George L. Clarke


two quarters" in a private academy. Upon turning 16, he left school and worked in a store in Providence. He supplemented his education by attending public lectures known as "Lyceum Lectures". Clarke was a staunch and outspoken abolitionist from an early age, and became well-known throughout the state for his anti-slavery views, even in a time when such views were not popular. Clarke was first a member of the Liberty Party which later became the Free Soil Party. When that became absorbed into the Republican
6646374
Marcus Morton


him in 1840. They convinced John Davis to return from the U.S. Senate to run against him, and Morton went down to defeat by a wide margin. He made some gains in the 1841 rematch. In 1842 the candidate of the upstart Liberty Party, an abolitionist party, secured enough votes to send the election to the state legislature. Because of the third party there were also a large number of vacancies in the state senate which was to choose the winner. The Liberty Party hoped to use its position in the balance
18560248
Liberty Party (United States, 1840)


of the party renominated Gerrit Smith under the name of the "National Liberty Party". In 1860, the remnant of the party was also called the Radical Abolitionists. A convention of one hundred delegates was held in Convention Hall, Syracuse, New York, on August 29, 1860. Delegates were in attendance from New York, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Michigan, Illinois, Ohio, Kentucky, and Massachusetts. Several of the delegates were women. Gerrit Smith, despite his poor health, fought William Goodell in regard to
4474444
Charles Turner Torrey


new abolitionist association, commonly referred to as the New Organization, to distinguish it from Garrison's Old Organization. This split became known as the great schism in the abolitionist movement. The New Organization immediately adopted a more activist, and overtly political, approach to the abolition of slavery. In July 1839, almost 500 delegates met in Albany to discuss the formation of a political party devoted exclusively to abolitionism. Finally, on April 1, 1840, at another meeting in Albany, the Liberty Party was formed. Torrey was one
2977436
Women's suffrage in the United States


in government led to a mass defection of abolitionists and other social reformers from the Republicans to the short-lived Liberal Republican Party. The rivalry between the two women's groups was so bitter, however, that a merger proved to be impossible until 1890. In 1869 Francis and Virginia Minor, husband and wife suffragists from Missouri, outlined a strategy that came to be known as the New Departure, which engaged the suffrage movement for several years. Arguing that the U.S. Constitution implicitly enfranchised women, this strategy relied heavily on Section
12494351
Barnburners and Hunkers


stood for local control by the Albany Regency, as against the Polk political machine which the new administration was trying to build up in New York. Among the prominent Barnburners were Martin Van Buren, Silas Wright and John A. Dix. At the 1848 presidential election, the Barnburners left the Democratic Party, refusing to support presidential nominee Lewis Cass. They joined with other anti-slavery groups, predominantly the abolitionist Liberty Party and some anti-slavery Conscience Whigs from New England and the Midwest, to form the Free Soil Party.
13431371
Militant Liberty: A Program of Evaluation and Assessment of Freedom


discuss and analyze the concept with him. This conference consisted of members of the military, as well as representatives of the advertising, business and entertainment industries. People such as Kenneth Wells of the Freedoms Foundation were recruited for the Militant Liberty program for the sole purpose of applying marketing strategies and promoting the project it through the federal processes as well as the public relations firm the Jam Handy Agency. With Wilson's endorsement the project was then sent to the Operations Coordinating Board to determine how it was to be utilized in the strategy
19895086
Sherman Booth


staff of the abolitionist paper the "Christian Freeman", becoming its associate editor. Just days before Wisconsin became a state in 1848, Booth and his editor Ichabod Codding arrived in Wisconsin to establish another abolitionist paper, the "American Freeman". Booth quickly became its sole proprietor, moving it from Waukesha to Milwaukee and renaming it the "Wisconsin Freeman". As chief secretary to the Liberty Party's convention that year in Buffalo, New York, he helped shape the new Free Soil Party and expand its platform beyond abolition
14100833
Abolitionism in the United States


longer subscribe to the Declaration of Independence. Convince me that liberty is not the inalienable birthright of every human being, of whatever complexion or clime, and I will give that instrument to the consuming fire. I do not know how to espouse freedom and slavery together. Historians and scholars have largely overlooked the work of black abolitionists, instead, focusing much of their scholarship on a few black abolitionists, such as Frederick Douglass. Black abolitionists, though, played an undeniably large role in shaping the movement. Although it is impossible
20298406
William Wells Brown


anti-slavery efforts. His speeches expressed his belief in the power of moral suasion and the importance of nonviolence. He often attacked the supposed American ideal of democracy and the use of religion to promote submissiveness among slaves. Brown constantly refuted the idea of black inferiority. Due to his reputation as a powerful orator, Brown was invited to the National Convention of Colored Citizens, where he met other prominent abolitionists. When the Liberty Party formed, he chose to remain independent, believing that the abolitionist movement should avoid becoming entrenched in
17228991
Sheldon Peck


Americans. While living in Illinois he was a volunteer agent for the abolitionist newspaper the "Western Citizen", meaning he would collect dues on behalf of the newspaper as well as disseminate the "Citizen's" anti-slavery views. In addition to working for the "Western Citizen", Peck was a delegate for the Liberty Party – a political party whose main focus was the abolition of slavery. Peck was also a member of the DuPage County Anti-Slavery Society (part of the Illinois State Anti-Slavery Society
14035200
1844 United States presidential election


the presidential race, and Tylerites moved quickly to support the Democratic Party nominee. The abolitionist lawyer and publisher James Birney ran as the candidate of the anti-slavery Liberty Party and garnered 2.3% of the popular vote overall, but over 8% of the vote in Massachusetts, New Hampshire and Vermont. The votes he won were more than the difference in votes between Henry Clay and James K. Polk; some scholars have argued that Birney's support among anti-slavery Whigs in New York swung that decisive state in favor of
18781678
History of the United States Democratic Party


was a warning that rich slave owners would move into new territories such as Nebraska and buy up the best lands, and work them with slaves. To protect the white farmer it was essential therefore to keep the soil "free"—that is without slavery. The fate of the slaves was not of concern. In 1852, the free soil movement was much smaller, and consisted primarily of former members of the Liberty Party and some abolitionists, it hedged on the question of full equality. The majority wanted some form of racial separation to
21554040
John Albion Andrew


a complete Republican takeover of the Massachusetts government. He was quickly promoted as a leading abolitionist voice, filling a void left after Sumner was severely injured in an attack in Congress. Andrew led the debate in favor of removing Judge Edward Loring from office over his actions in the Burns case, and in opposition to the proposed repeal of the state's stringent anti-slavery personal liberty law. Although he did not run for reelection, Andrew gained popularity as his actions became known in the state Republican party. He was selected to
2989075
Socialist Party of America


votes. In the party's last decades, its members, many of them prominent in the labor, peace, civil rights and civil liberties movements, fundamentally disagreed about the socialist movement's relationship to the labor movement and the Democratic Party and about how best to advance democracy abroad. In 1970–1973, these strategic differences had become so acute that the Socialist Party of America changed its name to Social Democrats, USA. Leaders of two of its caucuses formed separate socialist organizations, namely the Socialist Party USA and the Democratic Socialist Organizing
11616472
Philadelphia Female Anti-Slavery Society


advice concerning their legal rights." However, white female members of the society were quite divided over whether aid to fugitive slaves counted as true antislavery work. Lucretia Mott believed this activity was not the role of the PFASS. This division illustrates a difference in abolitionist agendas that began to emerge among the two races. Unlike their white female counterparts, black women, in an effort that Tate labels "pragmatic abolitionism," viewed subversive strategies like aiding fugitive slaves as compatible with the open challenges preferred by white abolitionists. White female
12411787
1860 United States presidential election


in the Fillmore administration. The party platform advocated compromise to save the Union with the slogan "The Union as it is, and the Constitution as it is." Liberty (Union) candidates: By 1860, very little remained of the Liberty Party, after most of its membership left to join the Free Soil Party in 1848 and nearly all of what remained of it joined the Republicans in 1854. The remaining party was also called the Radical Abolitionists. A convention of one hundred delegates was held in Convention Hall, Syracuse
18781782
Theodore Dwight Weld


linked abolition with women's rights, and Weld, the Tappan brothers and other "pragmatic" (gradualist) abolitionists, who formed the American and Foreign Anti-Slavery Society (AFASS) and entered politics through the anti-slavery Liberty Party (ancestor of the Free-Soil Party and Republican Party), founded by James Birney, their U.S. presidential candidate this year and 1844, who also founded the National Anti-Slavery Society. In 1841-1843, Weld traveled to Washington, D.C. to direct the national campaign for
6227958
70th New York State Legislature


of assemblymen remained 128. On May 13, 1846, the Legislature re-apportioned the Senate districts: Kings County was transferred from the 1st to the 2nd District; Ulster County from the 2nd to the 3rd District; and Schenectady County from the 3rd to the 4th District. At this time there were two major political parties: the Democratic Party and the Whig Party. The Democratic Party was split into two factions: the "Barnburners" and the "Hunkers." The radical abolitionists appeared as the Liberty Party. The
12215394
Samuel Joseph May


was one of the delegates from Massachusetts who went to the World Anti-Slavery Convention in London in 1840. May became pastor of the Unitarian Church of the Messiah of Syracuse, New York in 1845, serving until 1868. He fought the Fugitive Slave Law of the 1850s by making announcements during his sermons of fugitive slaves in the area and took collections on their behalf, as well as aiding escaped slaves along the Underground Railroad. As a prominent abolitionist in the city, May, with the help of many Liberty Party members
11921313
Abolitionist Party of Canada candidates in the 1993 Canadian federal election


lists Peloquin as fifty-eight years old and serving as a town councillor in Eastman. Shortly after this time, Parti 51 was officially dissolved when it could not find enough members to fill its executive. Peloquin ran for the Abolitionist Party in the 1993 Canadian federal election. "Sources: Official results, Government of Quebec, 1981 and 1989; Twenty-fifth General Election, 1993: Official Voting Results, Published by the Chief Electoral Officer of Canada." Kruschel described herself as a homemaker. She did not campaign actively
21013567
Jerry Rescue


of the next Anti-Slavery Convention." The arrest was considered a message that the locally unpopular law would be seriously enforced by federal authorities. The Liberty Party, an abolitionist political party, was holding a state convention in the city, and when news of the arrest spread, several hundred abolitionists, including Charles Augustus Wheaton, broke into the city jail and freed him. The event came to be widely known as the Jerry Rescue. Henry was hidden in Syracuse for several days, then was taken first to the Orson
10254221
1852 United States presidential election


letter that he preferred to decline the honor, as he was rather ill at the time and feared that he would die before the election. The Party's executive committee edited the letter to excise those portions which indicated that Troup preferred to decline, a fact which was revealed after the election. The Liberty Party had ceased to become a significant political force after most of its members joined the Free Soil Party in 1848. Nonetheless, some of those who rejected the fusion strategy held a Liberty Party National Convention in Buffalo, New
18781727
William Jackson (Massachusetts politician, born 1783)


, but most of its supporters turned to the anti-slavery Liberty Party, which Jackson was one of the founding members, and would eventually merged with the Free Soil Party. William's association with the abolitionists would eventually lead to the Jackson Homestead being used as an Underground Railroad stop. After a few years of moving to Newton, the candle factory became too much for William to manage, and he transitioned the business to his son, Timothy, and his nephew, Otis Trowbridge. William participated in a full range of
2437601
William Goodell (abolitionist)


focused on achieving abolition through political means. He helped form the Liberty Party in 1840, writing the convention address and party platform. Two year later, Goodell left the "Friend of Man" and formed his own paper in order to promote church reform that followed abolitionist principles. Goodell believed that it was wrong for a church to hold even a neutral stance on slavery. He hoped to unite all of the churches denouncing slavery into a "Christian Union" and for nine years Goodell worked as a pastor of the anti-
12369257
Division of the assembly


the party vote, used for some conscience issues. The main difference is voting members state how many members of their party are in favour and how many members are opposed, and once the voting is completed, must table a list of the members of the party and how they voted. A "personal vote" is used mainly for conscience issues, and follows similar procedures to other Westminster systems. In the event of a personal vote, the division bells are rung for seven minutes, and after the bells stops, members
9200932
James G. Birney


James Gillespie Birney (February 4, 1792November 25, 1857) was an abolitionist, politician, and attorney born in Danville, Kentucky. He published an abolitionist weekly publication titled "The Philanthropist" and twice served as the presidential nominee for the anti-slavery Liberty Party. Birney pursued a legal career in Danville after graduating from the College of New Jersey and studying under Alexander J. Dallas. He volunteered for the campaigns of Henry Clay, served on the town council, and became a Freemason. In 1816, he won election
10460296
SS Harriet Tubman


SS "Harriet Tubman" (MC contract 3032) was a Liberty ship built in the United States during World War II. She was named after Harriet Tubman, an African-American abolitionist and spy during the American Civil War. The ship was laid down by the South Portland Shipbuilding Corporation, South Portland, Maine, on 19 April 1944, then launched on 3 June 1944. The ship survived the war only to suffer the same fate as nearly all other Liberty ships that survived did; she was scrapped in 1972.
15927268
Henry Ward Beecher


brokered by Whig Senator Henry Clay. The compromise banned slavery from California and slave-trading from Washington, D.C. at the cost of a stronger Fugitive Slave Act; Beecher objected to the last provision in particular, arguing that it was a Christian's duty to feed and shelter escaped slaves. Slavery and liberty were fundamentally incompatible, Beecher argued, making compromise impossible: "One or the other must die". In 1856, Beecher campaigned for abolitionist John C. Frémont, the first presidential candidate of the Republican Party; despite Beecher
4636679
Mattityahu Peled


with the Palestinians. Peled, like virtually the entire membership of the ICIPP went into the new party as a matter of course, but things did not go as smoothly as may have been expected. While all members of the party were doves as far as the Israeli general political spectrum was concerned, there were considerable difference of political strategy and tactics. One faction, headed by Ran Cohen—later a Knesset Member and cabinet minister for the Meretz party—held that Israeli peaceniks talking to the Palestinians should strive to extract concessions
9036421
Jonathan Blanchard (abolitionist)


publicly debate the issues. In 1855, Blanchard went on a lecture circuit of Kentucky with fellow abolitionists Cassius Marcellus Clay and John Gregg Fee. Shortly after his arrival to Galesburg, Blanchard became associated with the Congregational church, leaving the Presbyterian church because of their uncertain stance on slavery. College founder George Washington Gale was instead a devout Presbyterian. Uncertainties surrounding the school's ties to either church led to controversy among the faculty. Furthermore, Blanchard supported the Liberty Party (later the Free Soil Party), a political threat to
2824620
Beriah Green


the Free Will Baptists because of financial problems. After the Oneida Institute closed, Green became an active supporter of the Liberty Party. This was a third party that was completely devoted to the abolition of slavery. After the party failed to make an impact on American politics, Green became bitter with the democratic process. He did not like popular democracy and was in favor of an oligarchy or modified theocracy. Unlike many Liberty Party members, Green did not join the Free Soil Party. He was worried that abolition would not be
6849233
George N. Briggs


He was also probably chosen to appeal more directly to the state's rural voters, a constituency that normally supported Morton. The abolitionist Liberty Party also fielded a candidate, with the result that none of the candidates won the needed majority. The legislature decided the election in those cases; with a Whig majority there, Briggs' election was assured. Briggs was reelected annually until 1850 against a succession of Democratic opponents. He won popular majorities until the 1849 election, even though third parties (including the Liberty Party and its successor
8406690
Henry Highland Garnet


abolition and equal rights. Garnet said that slaves should act for themselves to achieve total emancipation. He promoted an armed rebellion as the most effective way to end slavery. Frederick Douglass and William Lloyd Garrison, along with many other abolitionists both black and white, thought Garnet's ideas were too radical and could damage the cause by arousing too much fear and resistance among whites. Garnet supported the Liberty Party, a party of reform that was eventually absorbed into the Republican Party. Garnet disagreed with the later Republicans. Women's participation
6884551
Academic dishonesty


variety of academic misconduct. This German panel study among thousands of university students argues that academic misconduct might be a coping-strategy to overcome the negative consequences of academic procrastination such as lower performance. Race, nationality, and class all show little correlation with academic misconduct. There is also no correlation between how religious someone is and the likelihood that that person will cheat. A comparison between students of different religions yielded similar results, although the study did show that Jews tend to cheat less than members of other religions. One of
6719330
Yukiko Miyake


announced on Twitter that she would be the vice chair of a committee to reduce the cost of electricity. In the same year, Miyake opposed a bill to raise the consumption tax, and resigned from her position as the Democratic Party's vice chair of public relations on April 23. On June 26, voted against the consumption tax, contrary to her party's strategy. On July 2, Miyake tendered her resignation from the party alongside Kenji Yamaoka and other party members. However, the Democratic Party's Board of Governors did
19300712
Slave catcher


which required all citizens to aid in the capture of runaway slaves. This meant that northerners and abolitionists were forced to comply with slave hunters, although they often found ways around the policy. Up until this point, many states did their best to thwart slave catchers by passing decrees such as Massachusetts’s personal liberty statute of 1842, which barred slave catchers from seeking the aid of state officials. However, the Fugitive Slave Act nullified these formal efforts, and abolitionists were forced to resort to small acts of defiance instead. In
20854241
Organizational information theory


story. "This explains how, for example, religious groups can have such stringent beliefs, how political parties can be confident in their diametrically-opposed positions, how organizations can develop very different cultures, and how individuals can develop very different interpretations for the same event". The process of sensemaking usually starts with a circumstance or problem which requires a certain level of interpretation by others (i.e., something did or did not happen). Whether it is consciously or unconsciously driven, those involved then make a commitment to a
13736071
Liberty Institute (Georgia)


some other members of Liberty Institute and Kmara was consulting Ukrainian opposition leaders on technique of non-violent struggle. Later on he also advised the leaders of the Kyrgyz opposition during the Tulip Revolution. David Zurabishvili in 2005 defected from United National Movement and now is member of opposition Republican Party of Georgia. In 2004 member of Liberty Institute Sozar Subari, was elected by Parliament of Georgia as Public Defender (Ombudsman) for 5 years term. Former member of Liberty Institute Gigi Ugulava became Mayor of Tbilisi. Former member of Liberty Institute
21409198
Sherman Booth


the Africans after they were successfully freed by the U.S. Supreme Court. His involvement in the case led him to join the wider abolition movement. While still in college, in 1840 Booth helped organize the Liberty Party, an abolitionist party born from the evangelical American and Foreign Anti-Slavery Society. He sought to expand the abolition fight from the churches to the statehouses, and became the party's main organizer for Connecticut. After he graduated Phi Beta Kappa from Yale in 1841, he moved to Meriden, Connecticut and joined the
14100832
Ethnic groups in Syracuse, New York


as with Quakers in nearby Skaneateles, supported as well by abolitionists in many other religious congregations. Prior to the Civil War, due to the efforts of Jermain Wesley Loguen and others in defiance of federal law, Syracuse was known as the "great central depot on the Underground Railroad". On October 1, 1851, William Henry, a freed slave known as "Jerry", was arrested under the Fugitive Slave Law. The anti-slavery Liberty Party was holding its state convention in the city, and when word of
3376234
74th New York State Legislature


opposed to the Compromise of 1850) and the "Silver Grays" (supporters of President Millard Fillmore and his compromise legislation, led by Francis Granger whose silver gray hair originated the faction's nickname). The Anti-Rent Party mostly endorsed Whig or Democratic nominees. The radical abolitionists appeared as the Liberty Party. The New York state election, 1850 was held on November 5. Washington Hunt (Whig) was elected Governor; and Sanford E. Church (Dem.) was elected Lieutenant Governor. The other three statewide elective
19961504
Liberty (political party)


member districts number 87 (first-past-the-post wins a parliament seat) located in Nadvirna. He won a parliamentary seat by winning this constituency with 69.67% of the votes. Following the election, Derevyanko stated the party would start its own parliamentary group to defend its “principles, values and political promises”; because of this, other elected (into parliament) members left the party on 9 November 2014. However, no such faction was created. But in the parliament, Volia did end its collaboration
5564463
African-American history


pieces of land that they could not farm. They also did not receive the same freedoms as white Englishmen. Peters sailed to London in order to complain to the government. "He arrived at a momentous time, when English abolitionists were pushing a bill through Parliament to charter the Sierra Leone Company and to grant it trading and settlement rights on the West African coast." Peters and the other African Americans on Nova Scotia left for Sierra Leone in 1792. Peters died soon after they arrived but the other members of his party
12117232
Jermain Wesley Loguen


). He was also instrumental in rescuing William Henry, a cooper and former slave. On October 1, 1851, Henry, known as "Jerry", was arrested pursuant to Fugitive Slave Act provisions. The anti-slavery Liberty Party state convention met in the city and when members heard of the arrest, word spread fast to several hundred abolitionists who bombarded the local jail and liberated Jerry. This event became known as the Jerry Rescue. Loguen became an elder in the African Methodist Episcopal Zion Church and took the middle
8542023
Hezekiah Joslyn


Hezekiah Joslyn (-October 30, 1865) was an American doctor, and politician active in 19th century abolitionism. Joslyn homesteaded in Cicero, New York. The homestead is now considered a potential archaeological site. He was a Onondaga County, New York doctor since 1823 and an official in the county medical society. Joslyn was a founding member of the Liberty Party, an early advocate of abolitionism founded in the 1840s. His daughter Matilda Joslyn Gage was also a prominent abolitionist. Their home in New York near the Canada–United
9793707
KORWiN (Poland)


Liberty, until 8 October 2016 and since December 2018 known as Coalition for the Renewal of the Republic – Liberty and Hope (KORWiN), is a right-libertarian, free market-capitalist and hard Eurosceptic political party in Poland established in 2015 by Janusz Korwin-Mikke as a result of his removal from Congress of the New Right, his former party. Among the party's other members are Przemysław Wipler, who held a seat in the Polish Sejm and Robert Iwaszkiewicz, Member of the European Parliament. The party's
5274698
Socialism and Liberty Party


in Brazil, and it is recognized as different from the bigger PSDB and PT parties and the cronyist and catch-all parties without an ideology. It is the only party present in the Congress which did not receive money from large corporations and the only party that called for the removal of the former President of the Chamber of Deputies Eduardo Cunha, currently in jail. Notes: The military union leader, Corporal Daciolo (RJ), was expelled from the party in 2015. Clécio Luís, Mayor of Macapá, left the
1209098
Inqilab March


by Qadri and Imran Khan (with the goal of mutual protection in any civil crackdown). Imran Khan and Muhammad Tahir-ul-Qadri did not fully join their protest marches nor decline to support each other. On 10 August 2014, Qadri formally announced that his party's political march, the Inqilab March, would proceed parallel with PTI's Azadi march. Both marches were organized to take different routes, albeit closely mirroring each other. It is apparent that the two parties have similar objectives yet different aims and strategies.
14686155
William Goodell (abolitionist)


also a potential candidate for the Liberty Party in 1860. However, he didn't get the nomination. Goodell edited yet another paper called the "American Jubilee" (later renamed the "Radical Abolitionist") during the 1850s. He also wrote an influential book entitled "Slavery and Anti-Slavery: A History of the Great Struggle In Both Hemispheres; With a View of the Slavery Question in the United States", published in 1852. The next year he published "The American Slave Code in Theory and Practice"
12369259
71st New York State Legislature


there were two major political parties: the Democratic Party and the Whig Party. The Democratic Party was split into two factions: the "Barnburners" and the "Hunkers." The radical abolitionists appeared as the Liberty Party. The Anti-Rent Party nominated some candidates, but mostly cross-endorsed Whigs or Democrats, according to their opinion on the rent issue. The Native American Party (later better known as "Know Nothings") also ran. The New York state election, 1847 was held on November 3.
13297671
Granite Freeman


The Granite Freeman was an abolitionist newspaper published from 1844 to 1846 in Concord, New Hampshire by Joseph E. Hood. Initially published as the "Family Visitor", it was merged into the "Independent Democrat". It served as a house organ of the Liberty Party before the latter's disappearance into the Free Soil Party in 1848. Hood eventually ended up working for "The Republican" of Springfield, Massachusetts. The "Granite Freeman" is best remembered for the publication of remembrances of Oney Judge concerning her servitude in the
3247979
Edwin Hurlbut


of the Independent Democrats, and the passing of the Kansas-Nebraska Act in early 1854 further stoked the fires against slavery. Prior to the Joshua Glover case, which motivated Hurlbut to call for the convention in Madison (see above), there were at least three similar runaway slave rescue situations since 1850, namely Shadrach Minkins, the Jerry Rescue, and Anthony Burns. The fullness of time had come for a political party which would unite anti-slavery and abolitionists in a powerful political force. In abolitionist, Liberty,
8984193
Erica Malunguinho


ran as a member of the party PSOL (Partido Socialismo y Libertad), which in translates into English as the "Socialism and Liberty Party". This party is one of Brazil's most leftist parties. Her coalition is "Without Fear of Changing São Paulo." Da Silva is motivated to fight racism through social tourism in the quilombos and indigenous territories as a strategy to combat discrimination and advocate for protection and visibility of minorities, as well as promote a sustainable economy. She has also promised to fight for the rights
13782642
Zachary Taylor


position did not enhance his support from activist antislavery elements in the Northern U.S., as these wanted Taylor to speak out strongly in support of the Proviso, not simply fail to veto it. Most abolitionists did not support Taylor, since he was a slave-owner. In February 1848, Taylor again announced that he would not accept either party's presidential nomination. Taylor's reluctance to identify himself as a Whig nearly cost him the party's presidential nomination, but Senator John J. Crittenden of Kentucky and other supporters finally convinced Taylor
16125612
History of citizenship


personal unspoken bond between nobles and the king, but rather was more like a contract between two parties, written in formal language, describing how different parties were supposed to behave towards each other. The Magna Carta posited that the liberty, security and freedom of individuals were "inviolable". Gradually the personal ties linking vassals with lords were replaced with contractual and more impersonal relationships. The early days of medieval communes were marked by intensive citizenship, according to one view. Sometimes there was terrific religious activism, spurred by fanatics and
846275
Aksel Larsen


this, but told the agent that the party had turned down Soviet and East German requests for aid with espionage. According to some of Hansen's sources, Larsen was rewarded with vacations, dinners and money for his co-operation. Larsen met with a CIA agent with connections to Radio Liberty. He told the Americans much about international communism, but were less keen to tell about Danish communists, especially how Moscow funded them. He stated several times that he would like to destroy his former party and others who did the
16788679
Joshua Leavitt


Rev. Joshua Leavitt (September 8, 1794, Heath, Massachusetts – January 16, 1873, Brooklyn, New York) was an American Congregationalist minister and former lawyer who became a prominent writer, editor and publisher of abolitionist literature. He was also a spokesman for the Liberty Party and a prominent campaigner for cheap postage. Leavitt served as editor of "The Emancipator", "The New York Independent", "The New York Evangelist", and other periodicals. He was the first secretary of the American Temperance Society and
17057486
68th New York State Legislature


William C. Bouck appointed Lt. Gov. Daniel S. Dickinson (D) and State Senator Henry A. Foster (D) to fill the two vacancies temporarily. At this time there were two major political parties: the Democratic Party and the Whig Party. The Democratic Party was split into two factions: the "Barnburners" and the "Hunkers." The radical abolitionists appeared as the Liberty Party. In the First District, the American Republican Party nominated tickets for the Senate and Assembly. About this time the Anti-Rent War
8055990
Slave catcher


increasingly opposed to the idea of fugitive slave catchers they adopted "anti-southern" views. Several northern states passed new personal liberty laws in defiance of the South's efforts to have slaves captured and returned. Slave-catching was allowed in the North, but the new laws in the North did not make it impossible to catch fugitive slaves but it became so difficult, expensive and time-consuming that the fugitive slave catchers and the owners stopped trying. The Fugitive Slave Act strengthened abolitionist response against slave catchers, with abolitionist
20854248
Party chair


In politics, a party chair (often party chairman/-woman/-person or party president) is the presiding officer of a political party. The role of a party chairman is often quite different from that of a party leader. The duties of the chairman are typically concerned with the party membership as a whole, and the activities of the party organization. Chairmen often play important roles in strategies to recruit and retain members, in campaign fundraising, and in internal party governance, where they may serve as a member of, or even preside over
8766032
The Indiana College Mathematics Competition


submit one solution per question. Each team determines how to manage its work and time: Some teams are truly collaborative, whereas others carry out a divide and conquer strategy, with different members working on different problems. The number of problems varies from six to eight per year, and no calculators are allowed. Since 1978, the competition has been a part of the spring meeting of the Indiana Section of the MAA. As is consistent with the "friendly" nature of the competition, each year's problems include "some
9007021
Karen Horney


quite differently from Freud, Kohut and other mainstream psychoanalytic theorists in that she did not posit a primary narcissism but saw the narcissistic personality as the product of a certain kind of early environment acting on a certain kind of temperament. For her, narcissistic needs and tendencies are not inherent in human nature. Narcissism is different from Horney's other major defensive strategies or solutions in that it is not compensatory. Self-idealization is compensatory in her theory, but it differs from narcissism. All the defensive strategies involve self-idealization,
4911206
Women in conservatism in the United States


Birch Society and the American Civil Liberties Union to pursue their political agendas. They eventually backed politician Barry Goldwater and successfully campaigned for him to become the presidential candidate for the Republican Party in 1964. However, Goldwater lost the national election to Lyndon Johnson in a landslide. Still, his nomination illustrated the shift from moderation to more hardline stances in many members of the Republican Party. His campaign also showcased the success of conservative grassroots organizations and mobilization. After Goldwater's defeat, grassroots conservatives had to rethink their strategy. Thus,
10304372
Gamaliel Bradford (abolitionist)


appointed Superintendent of Massachusetts General Hospital. Bradford attended the founding meeting of the New England Anti-Slavery Society in 1832, but did not become a member. He was put off by William Lloyd Garrison's manner and thought his insistence on immediate emancipation was unrealistic. In 1835, however, when Boston's political leaders tried to pass legislation silencing Garrison and other local abolitionists, Bradford published an open letter in the "Courier" in which he defended the abolitionists' Constitutional rights to free speech and assembly. The letter was later
1583053
67th New York State Legislature


one-year term, the whole assembly being renewed annually. State Senator William Ruger died on May 21, 1843, leaving a vacancy in the Fifth District. At this time there were two major political parties: the Democratic Party and the Whig Party. About this time began the split of the Democratic Party into Barnburners and Hunkers. The radical abolitionists appeared as the Liberty Party. In New York City the American Republican Party nominated a full ticket The state election was held on November 7, 1843. State Senator Morris Franklin
6640718