what is the approximate degrees of longitude for the international date line
International Date Line


few minutes later, and the same sunset happens over Samoa as happened over American Samoa a few minutes earlier. In other words, the secular days are "legally" different but they are "physically" the same; and that causes questions to arise under religious law. Because the Date Line was an arbitrary imposition, the question can arise as to which Saturday on either side of the Date Line (or, more fundamentally, on either side of 180 degrees longitude) is the "real" Saturday. This issue (
13890787
Caroline Island


by Polynesian copra gatherers under agreements with the Kiribati government in Tarawa. On December 23, 1994, the Republic of Kiribati announced a change of time zone for the Line Islands, to take effect December 31, 1994. This adjustment effectively moved the International Date Line over to the east within Kiribati, placing all of Kiribati on the Asian or western side of the date line, despite the fact that Caroline's longitude of 150 degrees west corresponds to UTC−10 rather than its official time zone of UTC+14. Caroline Island now is at
3963069
International Date Line


The International Date Line (IDL) is an imaginary line of demarcation on the surface of Earth that runs from the North Pole to the South Pole and demarcates the change of one calendar day to the next. It passes through the middle of the Pacific Ocean, roughly following the 180° line of longitude but deviating to pass around some territories and island groups. The IDL is roughly based on the meridian of 180° longitude, roughly down the middle of the Pacific Ocean, and halfway around the world from the Greenwich meridian
13890757
Mayda Insula


pole. The island has a northernmost latitude of 80.3 degrees north and a southernmost latitude of 77.4 degrees north; it has a westernmost longitude of approximately 321.2 degrees west and an easternmost longitude of 302.7 degrees west. The island is wide at its widest point. Its dimensions are approximately , about the same size as the Big Island of Hawaii. The highest point of the interior of Mayda Insula is approximately above its shoreline. Slopes are relatively mild at approximately 1.5 degrees on average, though they can approach 5 degrees in some locations
11811679
25th meridian west from Washington


The 25th meridian of longitude west from Washington is a line of longitude approximately 102.05 degrees west of the Prime Meridian of Greenwich. In the United States of America, the meridian 25 degrees west of the Washington Meridian defines the eastern boundary of the State of Colorado, the western boundary of the State of Kansas, and the western boundary of the State of Nebraska south of the 41st parallel north. On January 1, 1861, the Act Admitting the State of Kansas to the Union defined the western boundary of the new state as
3593009
Aleutian Islands


from the Alaska Peninsula toward the Kamchatka Peninsula in Russia, and mark a dividing line between the Bering Sea to the north and the Pacific Ocean to the south. Crossing longitude 180°, at which point east and west longitude end, the archipelago contains both the westernmost part of the United States by longitude (Amatignak Island) and the easternmost by longitude (Semisopochnoi Island). The westernmost U.S. island in real terms, however, is Attu Island, west of which runs the International Date Line. While nearly all the archipelago
12467823
International date line in Judaism


is possible that what is Saturday with respect to the conventional Date Line is not Saturday with respect to the "halakhic" date line, at least in some places. There are several opinions regarding where exactly the "halakhic" date line should be according to Jewish law, and at least one opinion that says that no "halakhic" date line really exists. 1. "90 degrees east of Jerusalem." The concept of a "halakhic" date line is mentioned in the "Baal HaMeor," a 12th-
15289460
32nd meridian west from Washington


The 32nd meridian of longitude west from Washington is a line of longitude approximately 109°02′48″ west of the Prime Meridian of Greenwich. In the United States of America, the meridian 32 degrees west of the Washington Meridian defines the western boundaries of the State of Colorado and the State of New Mexico and the eastern boundaries of the State of Utah and the State of Arizona. On February 28, 1861, the Act Organizing the Territory of Colorado defined the western boundary of the new territory as the 32nd meridian of longitude west from
4037498
Decimal degrees


of the Prime Meridian. Latitude and longitude are usually expressed in that sequence, latitude before longitude. The radius of the semi-major axis of the Earth at the equator is 6,378,137.0 meters resulting in a circumference of 40,075,161.2 meters. The equator is divided into 360 degrees of longitude, so each degree at the equator represents 111,319.9 meters or approximately 111.32 km. As one moves away from the equator towards a pole, however, one degree of longitude is multiplied by the cosine of the latitude, decreasing the distance, approaching zero
20758284
West Tripura district


West Tripura is an administrative district in the state of Tripura in India. The district headquarters are located at Agartala. As of 2012 it is the most populous district of Tripura (out of 8). While Tripura as a whole lies approximately between the north latitude 22 degrees 56' and 24 degrees 32' and between longitude 91 degrees 0' and 92 degrees 20' east, the West Tripura district lies approximately between latitude 23 degrees 16' to 24 degrees 14' north and longitude 91 degrees 09' east to 91 degrees
12671406
Cariboo Land District


120 degrees 13 minutes west longitude, which is at the converge of the range's main summit-line with the basins of the Quesnel and Clearwater River, then south along the summit-line of the boundaries of those two river-basins to 51 degrees 59 minutes north latitude at 120 degrees 13 minutes west longitude. From there the boundary with the Lillooet Land District runs generally west, save for a few deviations around private property lines, to 52 degrees north latitude, 124 degrees west longitude at which point the boundary runs
15086093
International date line in Judaism


(Rosh Hashanah and Eruvin) and in the Jerusalem Talmud. The "Kuzari" of Yehuda Halevi, also a 12th-century work, seems to agree with this ruling. Later decisors like the "Chazon Ish" (twentieth century) fundamentally agree with this ruling. However, they recognize practical issues associated with the pure use of a line of longitude for this purpose. As an example, 125.2°E passes directly through Dongfeng Street in Changchun, China. If this line of longitude were used strictly, people could
15289462
International date line in Judaism


simply avoid Shabbat altogether by crossing the street. To prevent that, the Chazon Ish rules that the contiguous land masses to the east of that line of longitude are considered secondary ("tafel") to the land masses west of that line. As a result, he rules that the date line runs along 125.2°E when over water, but curves around the eastern coast of mainland Asia and Australia. By this view, Russia, China and Australia are west of the date line and observe Shabbat on local Saturday.
15289463
180th meridian


The 180th meridian or antimeridian is the meridian 180° both east and west of the Prime Meridian, with which it forms a great circle dividing the earth into the Western and Eastern Hemispheres. It is common to both east longitude and west longitude. It mostly passes through the open waters of the Pacific Ocean, but passes across land in Russia, Fiji and Antarctica. This meridian is used as the basis for the International Date Line, but the latter deviates from it to maintain date consistency within the territories of Russia, the
20460586
International date line in Judaism


Japan, New Zealand and Tasmania are east of the date line and should observe Shabbat on local Sunday, as defined by the conventional International Date Line. By this view, the Philippines and Indonesia would have portions west of the line and portions east of the line. 2. "180 degrees east of Jerusalem." Rabbi Yechiel Michel Tucazinsky ruled that the International Date Line is 180 degrees east of Jerusalem. That would mean that the date line, rather than being near 180°, would be at 144.8°W. By
15289464
Meridian (geography)


earth from Greenwich, the antimeridian, forms the other half of a circle with the one through Greenwich, and is at 180° longitude near the International Date Line (with land mass and island deviations for boundary reasons). The meridians from West of Greenwich (0°) to the antimeridian (180°) define the Western Hemisphere and the meridians from East of Greenwich (0°) to the antimeridian (180°) define the Eastern Hemisphere. Most maps show the lines of longitude. The position of the prime
1663269
International Date Line


of longitude crossed, and would gain 24 hours for one circuit of the globe from east to west if they did not compensate by setting their clock forward one day when they crossed the IDL. Conversely, a west-to-east circumnavigation of the globe loses an hour for every 15° of longitude crossed but gains back a day when crossing the IDL. The IDL must therefore be observed in conjunction with the Earth's time zones: on crossing it in either direction, the calendar "date" is adjusted by one
13890763
Coordinate singularity


A coordinate singularity occurs when an apparent singularity or discontinuity occurs in one coordinate frame that can be removed by choosing a different frame. An example is the apparent (longitudinal) singularity at the 90 degree latitude in spherical coordinates. An object moving due north (for example, along the line 0 degrees longitude) on the surface of a sphere will suddenly experience an instantaneous change in longitude at the pole (i.e., jumping from longitude 0 to longitude 180 degrees). In fact, longitude is not uniquely defined at the poles
11257076
History of geomagnetism


ventured into the Atlantic and Pacific oceans, it was no longer sufficient to plot a straight-line course from one destination to another. Mariners needed to determine their latitude and longitude. In the Age of Sail, dating from the sixteenth to the mid-nineteenth century, international trade was dominated by sailing ships. More than one European government offered a generous prize to the first person who could accurately determine longitude. The British prize, the longitude prize, led to the development of the marine chronometer by John Harrison, a
999858
Introduction to general relativity


be described by two coordinates: the geographic latitude and longitude. Unlike the Cartesian coordinates of the plane, coordinate differences are not the same as distances on the surface, as shown in the diagram on the right: for someone at the equator, moving 30 degrees of longitude westward (magenta line) corresponds to a distance of roughly , while for someone at a latitude of 55 degrees, moving 30 degrees of longitude westward (blue line) covers a distance of merely . Coordinates therefore do not provide enough information to describe the
775485
Millang


of festival Dates Solung Etor May 15 Solung(Lune) September 1 Geographically the Malaa land lies approximately between 94-95 degree N latitude and 28-29 degree E longitude in Upper Siang district. The land of the Milangs extends to the "Chage" and "Felo" hills in the north which is land of the Idu tribe of Dibang valley. To south and the east they are bounded by the land of the Padams. Their land is a rich source of the "Aconitum" plant (variously known as monk's hood
1631743
Comox Land District


50 degrees 0 minutes north latitude and 125 degrees 12 minutes 51 seconds west longitude, then along that latitude west, with some minor variances around land parcels to 50 degrees 0 minutes north latitude at 125 degrees 41 minutes 8 seconds west longitude, then south along that longitude to 49 degrees 54 minutes 29 seconds north latitude, then west along that latitude to 125 degrees 45 minutes 58 seconds west longitude, then via a straight diagonal line southeast to 49 degrees 37 minutes 31 seconds north latitude at 125 degrees 24 minutes 17 seconds west
14428036
Line Islands


Date Line over to the east within Kiribati, placing all of Kiribati on the Asian or western side of the date line, despite the fact that Caroline's longitude of 150 degrees west corresponds to UTC−10 rather than its official time zone of UTC+14. Caroline Island now is at the same time as the Hawaiian Islands (Hawaii-Aleutian Standard Time Zone), but one day ahead. This move made Caroline Island both the easternmost land in the earliest time zone (by some definitions, the easternmost point on Earth), and
17864304
Cariboo Land District


8 minutes latitude north, thence via the summit-line of the Rocky Mountains southeast to 52 degrees 22 minutes north latitude at 118 degrees 12 minutes west longitude. From there the boundary traverses the Rocky Mountain Trench via an irregular line to the summit line of the Monashee Mountains at 52 degrees 10 minutes north latitude at 118 degrees 48 minutes west longitude, following that north to the pass at the head of the North Thompson River across to the summit line of the Cariboo Mountains, following that to 52 degrees 52 minutes north latitude
15086092
Lake Tahoe


Tahoe, and an oblique line continuing from that point southward to where the Colorado River crosses the 35th parallel. Fourteen years later, congress approved the Nevada Constitution when it was admitted as a state in 1864, which defined its western border at the forty third degree of Longitude West from Washington D.C. and its southwestern border along the oblique section of the boundary line of California. While 43 degrees of longitude west from the Washington Meridian does not really coincide with the 120 degrees longitude west of Greenwich, the 1864 Congress was of the
12954986
Ecliptic coordinate system


antiquity through the 18th century, ecliptic longitude was commonly measured using twelve zodiacal signs, each of 30° longitude, a practice that continues in modern astrology. The signs approximately corresponded to the constellations crossed by the ecliptic. Longitudes were specified in signs, degrees, minutes, and seconds. For example, a longitude of is 19.933° east of the start of the sign Leo. Since Leo begins 120° from the vernal equinox, the longitude in modern form is . In China, ecliptic longitude is measured using 24 Solar
3871402
International Tundra Experiment


, etc.) 88 When were they established? 2014 Have they been closed? If so, when?  No Is there grazing at your site? No Climate data: Soil temperature Current or past data collection: Point framing, Plot photos, Snow fences, Fertilizer plots, Snowmelt dates, Soil sampling, Vegetation coverage and floristic composition Main genera in OTC plots: Mosses/Lichens Site elevation: 50m Latitude (WGS84 decimal degrees):  77°00'S Longitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 162°26'E Date
1098180
International Tundra Experiment


Snowmelt dates, Soil sampling, vegetation coverage and floristic composition Main genera in OTC plots: Mosses/Lichens Site elevation: 50m Latitude (WGS84 decimal degrees):  73°31'S Longitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 167°25'E Date site was established:         2014 Does your site have OTC's? No, but it does have precipitation shields, nutrient additions, and long-term monitoring Number of plots at your site (include OTCs control plots, etc.) 36 When were they established? 2014 Have they
1098182
International Tundra Experiment


been closed? If so, when?  No, ongoing experiment Is there grazing at your site? No Climate data: Air temperature, Soil temperature Current or past data collection: Point framing, Plot photos, Snow fences, Fertilizer plots, Snowmelt dates, Soil sampling, vegetation coverage and floristic composition Main genera in OTC plots: Mosses/Lichens Site elevation: 20m Latitude (WGS84 decimal degrees):  74°59'S Longitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 162°37'E Date site was established:         2014 Does your
1098183
New Westminster Land District


a point east of Rosedale to roughly 49 degrees 11 minutes north latitude, west a short distance to 121 degrees 47 minutes 38 seconds west longitude to roughly 49 degrees 10 minutes 32 seconds north latitude, east along that line which corresponds to Nevin Road to 121 degrees 9 minutes 7 second west and following that line south to 49 degrees 9 minutes 40 seconds north latitude, where it goes a short distance west to roughly 121 degrees 47 minutes 25 seconds west longitude, then south along that line to meet the eastern end of the
6607087
International Tundra Experiment


Snowmelt dates Main genera in OTC plots: Salix, Betula, Vaccinium, Sedges, Saxifraga, Oxytropis Name of site leader(s): Isla Myers-Smith Email address: University: University of Edinburgh, Yukon Parks Site elevation: 70m Latitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 69.6 N Longitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 138.9 W Date site was established: 1999 Does your site have OTC's? Never had Number of plots at your site (include OTCs control plots, etc.) 12 When were they established? 1999
1098128
International Tundra Experiment


Soil temperature, Snow depth, Precipitation, Cloud cover Current or past data collection: Point framing, Above ground plant traits, Below ground traits, Snow fences, Snowmelt dates, Soil moisture, Drones, Soil sampling Main genera in OTC plots: Salix, Sedges, Rushes, Equisetum, Mosses/Lichens Name of site leader(s): Niels Martin Schmidt Email address: University: Aarhus University Site elevation: App. 55 m Latitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 74.47427 Longitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): -20.52895 Date site was
1098134
International Tundra Experiment


Is there grazing at your site? Yes Climate data: Air temperature, Soil temperature Current or past data collection: Phenology, Snowmelt dates, Soil moisture, ecophysiology Main genera in OTC plots: Salix, Betula, Cassiope, Vaccinium, Saxifraga, Silene Name of site leader(s): Robert Bjork and Mats Bjorkman Email address: University: Göteborg University Site elevation: 981 m Latitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 68.21N Longitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 18.31E Date site was established: 1990 (First full ITEX year 1993)
1098147
International Tundra Experiment


Precipitation, PAR Current or past data collection: Phenology, Point framing, Flower counts, Snow addition and removal, Snowmelt dates, Soil moisture Main genera in OTC plots: Salix, Cerastium, Mosses/Lichens, Veronica, Cardamine, Poa, Leucathemopsis Name of site leader(s): Nicoletta Cannone Email address: University: Università dell'Insubria Site elevation: 2250-2550m Latitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 46.04 N Longitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 10.02 Date site was established: 2007 Does your site have OTC's?
1098164
International Tundra Experiment


GoPros etc.), Transplant experiments, Plot photos, Soil moisture, Soil sampling, Succession studies Main genera in OTC plots: Dryas, Salix, Cassiope, Vaccinium, Sedges, Grasses, Rushes, Saxifraga, Equisetum, Poppy, Oxyria, Draba, Mosses/Lichens, Fungi Name of site leader(s): Karin Clark Email address: University: Government of the Northwest Territories Site elevation: Latitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 65 degrees 52 min N Longitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 111 degrees 32 min W Date
1098126
Kakira Airport


Kakira Airport is one of the 46 airports in Uganda. It is in Kakira, Jinja District, Eastern Region. The geographic coordinates of this airport are 00 degrees, 29 minutes, 56 seconds north and 33 degrees, 16 minutes, 57 seconds east (latitude: 0.4990; longitude: 33.2825). It is approximately , by air, east of Entebbe International Airport, the country’s largest civilian and military airport. The airport is adjacent to the Kakira Sugar Factory and within the Kakira estate close to the main family residences
14233613
International Tundra Experiment


, Precipitation Current or past data collection: Phenology, Point framing, Above ground plant traits, Flower counts, Plot photos, Transplant experiments Main genera in OTC plots: Salix, Betula, Vaccinium, Sedges, Mosses/Lichens Name of site leader(s): Jeremy May and Steven Oberbauer Email address: University: Florida International University Site elevation: 927m asl Latitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 68 37' N Longitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 149 18' W Date site was established: 2016 Does your site have
1098176
Gaussian grid


A Gaussian grid is used in the earth sciences as a gridded horizontal coordinate system for scientific modeling on a sphere (i.e., the approximate shape of the Earth). The grid is rectangular, with a set number of orthogonal coordinates (usually latitude and longitude). The gridpoints along each latitude (or "parallel"), i.e., the longitudes, are "equally" spaced. Thus, at each latitude, the distance between any two adjacent degrees of longitude is the same. However the gridpoints along each longitude (
8724587
1962 Pacific typhoon season


Date Line (180°), but started an extratropical transition that same day. Nadine was declared an extratropical storm on December 10, and the Joint Typhoon Warning Center ceased following the storm. However, the Japan Meteorological Agency continued tracking the storm. On December 11, just after passing the 170°E longitude line, Nadine was declared extratropical by the Japan Meteorological Agency. The extratropical remains of Nadine crossed the International Date Line and on the night of December 11, the Agency ceased following Nadine as it had crossed into
7655248
Southern Siberian rainforest


The Southern Siberian rainforest is an area of temperate rainforest in South Central Siberia that occurs primarily along the Altai and Sayan mountain ranges in Khakassia and Tuva as well as a small area in the Chamar-Daban Mountains near Lake Baikal in Buryatia. The forest encompasses a total area of approximately . The larger portion of the forest in the Altai and Sayan Mountains runs across a latitude range that encompasses between 51.5 degrees to 56 degrees north latitude, and a longitude range running between 86 degrees to 95 degrees east longitude. The region overlaps
12069244
1872 California-Nevada State Boundary Marker


The 1872 California-Nevada State Boundary Marker marks the initial point for the 1872 survey delineation of the state line between California and Nevada. It is listed in the National Register of Historic Places. When California attained statehood in 1850, it adopted 120 degrees west longitude as its eastern border. Between 1855 and 1900 there were six surveys to locate 120 degrees, with each locating 120 degrees of longitude differently. In 1872, Alexey Von Schmidt undertook the survey of the state line. He marked his survey line with stones, wood
19514305
Geography (Ptolemy)


225 degrees for the east coast of the "Magnus Sinus". This resulted in a considerable eastward advancement of the longitudes given by Martin Behaim and other contemporaries of Columbus. By some process Columbus reasoned that the longitudes of eastern Asia and Cipangu respectively were about 270 and 300 degrees east, or 90 and 60 degrees west of the Canary Islands. He said that he had sailed 1100 leagues from the Canaries when he found Cuba in 1492. This was approximately where he thought the coast of eastern Asia would be found. On
20452959
Indiana Territory


original boundaries included the western portion the Northwest Territory. This encompassed an area northwest of a line beginning at the Ohio River, on the bank opposite to the mouth of the Kentucky River, extending northeast to Fort Recovery, in present-day western Ohio, and north to the border between the United States and Canada along a line approximately 84 degrees 45 minnutes West longitude. The territory initially included most of the present-day state of Indiana, all of present-day states of Illinois and Wisconsin, fragments of present-
9136306
Galactic coordinate system


each differing by a few degrees, were used until 1932, when Lund Observatory assembled a set of conversion tables that defined a standard galactic coordinate system based on a galactic north pole at RA , dec +28° (in the B1900.0 epoch convention) and a 0° longitude at the point where the galactic plane and equatorial plane intersected. In 1958, the International Astronomical Union (IAU) defined the galactic coordinate system in reference to radio observations of galactic neutral hydrogen through the hydrogen line, changing the definition of the Galactic longitude
3871425
Hellenic Geodetic Reference System 1987


Hatt projection system, with different projection parameters for each 1:100000 map. HGRS87 also specifies a transverse Mercator cartographic projection (TM) with m=0.9996, covering six degrees of longitude either side of 24 degrees east (18-30 degrees east). This way all Greek territory (stretching to approximately 9° of longitude) is projected in one zone. References are in meters. Northings are counted from the equator. A false easting of 500000 m is assigned to the central meridian (24° east), so eastings are always
3640306
Sedudu


the 22nd degree of south latitude. The line then traces this degree of latitude eastward to its intersection with the 21st degree of east longitude, follows this degree of longitude northward to its intersection with the 18th degree of south latitude, runs along this degree of latitude eastward to its intersection with the Chobe River. Here it descends the thalweg of the main channel until it meets the Zambezi, where it ends. It is understood that under this arrangement Germany shall be granted free access from its protectorate to the Zambezi by means of
19800096
Meridian (geography)


A (geographic) meridian (or line of longitude) is the half of an imaginary great circle on the Earth's surface, terminated by the North Pole and the South Pole, connecting points of equal longitude, as measured in angular degrees east or west of the Prime Meridian. The position of a point along the meridian is given by that longitude and its latitude, measured in angular degrees north or south of the Equator. Each meridian is perpendicular to all circles of latitude. Each is also the same length, being
1663263
Lillooet Land District


District east along the 52nd parallel north to approximately 120 degrees, 33 minutes west longitude, crossing BC Hwy 97 at the Begbie Summit. From there, south along that longitude, passing between Canim Lake and Mahood Lake, bisecting Bonaparte Lake, to 51 degrees 2 minutes north latitude, just northwest of Silwhoiakun Mountain, then west to 51 degrees 4 minutes latitude, between Loon Lake (British Columbia) and Hihium Lake, with deviances north and south around parcels of land. From there, the boundary follows land parcel boundaries in
15134315
Cessna 188 Pacific rescue


crossed the international date line, and the date was now 22 December. Vette was able to use the setting sun to gain an approximate position of the Cessna. He instructed the Cessna to point directly at the setting sun. He did the same and noted the difference in heading between the aircraft as four degrees. After making an allowance for the different altitudes of the aircraft, the difference in sunset times between the aircraft and Norfolk Island was also noted. This data allowed the crew to calculate that the Cessna must be southwest
13221484
Platte Purchase


left bank of the Missouri River (the northern side as the river flows south) at the mouth of the Kaw River in what is now Kansas City (94 degrees, 36 minutes west longitude) (which is also the border between Missouri and Kansas south of the Missouri River). The purchase extended the Missouri border in the northwest to 95 degrees, 46 minutes west longitude. This addition increased the land area of what was already the largest state in the Union at the time (about 66,500 square miles (172,000 km
14309000
General circulation model


, uses 3.75 in longitude and 2.5 degrees in latitude, giving a grid of 96 by 73 points (96 x 72 for some variables); and has 19 vertical levels. This results in approximately 500,000 "basic" variables, since each grid point has four variables ("u","v", "T", "Q"), though a full count would give more (clouds; soil levels). HadGEM1 uses a grid of 1.875 degrees in longitude and 1.25 in latitude in the atmosphere; HiGEM, a high
3825846
International Tundra Experiment


level. The network has published meta-analyses on plant phenology, growth, and reproduction, composition and abundance, and carbon flux. Spreadsheet containing the ITEX site information listed below. Name of site leader(s): Greg Henry Email address: University: University of British Columbia Site elevation: 0-100m Latitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 78.8833° N Longitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 75.8000° W Date site was established: 1987 Does your site have OTC's? Yes Number of plots at your site (
1098124
International Tundra Experiment


of site leader(s):  Per Molgaard Email address: University: Copenhagen Site elevation: 10-100m Latitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 69.63N Longitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 42.17W Date site was established: 1989 (last visit 2013) Does your site have OTC's? No Number of plots at your site (include OTCs control plots, etc.) 4 When were they established? 1992 Have they been closed? If so, when? Yes 1994 Is there grazing at your site? No Climate data:
1098130
International Tundra Experiment


Cassiope, Vaccinium, Sedges, Grasses, Mosses/Lichens Site elevation: 85m Latitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 69 26 N Longitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 53 47 W Date site was established: 2013 Does your site have OTC's? Only snow fences Number of plots at your site (include OTCs control plots, etc.) 48 When were they established? 2013 Have they been closed? If so, when? still running Is there grazing at your site? Yes Climate data: Air temperature,
1098133
International Tundra Experiment


Salix, Cassiope, Vaccinium, Grasses, Mosses/Lichens Name of site leader(s): Anders Michelsen Email address: University: University of Copenhagen Site elevation: 35m Latitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 74 30 N Longitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 21 00 W Date site was established: 2004 Does your site have OTC's? Yes Number of plots at your site (include OTCs control plots, etc.) 20 When were they established? 2004 Have they been closed? If so, when? Is there
1098136
International Tundra Experiment


grazing at your site? Yes Climate data: Air temperature, Soil temperature, Snow depth, Precipitation Current or past data collection: Point framing, Snowmelt dates, Soil moisture Main genera in OTC plots: Dryas, Salix, Cassiope, Vaccinium, Grasses, Mosses/Lichens Name of site leader(s): Ingibjörg S. Jónsdóttir Email address: University: University of Iceland and University Centre in Svalbard Site elevation: 450m Latitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 65°12'0" N Longitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 19°
1098137
International Tundra Experiment


Soil moisture, Soil sampling Main genera in OTC plots: Dryas, Salix, Betula, Vaccinium, Sedges, Grasses, Rushes, Equisetum, Silene, Cerastium, Mosses/Lichens, Empetrum Name of site leader(s): Petr Macek Email address: University: University of South Bohemia Site elevation: 70m Latitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 78.5304 Longitude (WGS84 decimal degrees):  16.3070 Date site was established: 2014 Does your site have OTC's? Yes Number of plots at your site (include OTCs control plots,
1098139
International Tundra Experiment


Oxyria, Mosses/Lichens Name of site leader(s): Annika Hofgaard Email address: University: Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA) Site elevation: 1050-1150m Latitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 62 18' N Longitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 09 37' E Date site was established: 1998 Does your site have OTC's? Yes Number of plots at your site (include OTCs control plots, etc.) 3 When were they established? 1998 Have they been closed? If so, when
1098141
International Tundra Experiment


: University: Norwegian University of Life Sciences Site elevation: 1500 m asl Latitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 60.6051° N Longitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 7.5046° E Date site was established: June 2000 Does your site have OTC's? Yes Number of plots at your site (include OTCs control plots, etc.) 40 OTCs 40 controls When were they established? 2000 Have they been closed? If so, when? No Is there grazing at your site? Yes Climate data: Air temperature, Precipitation
1098143
International Tundra Experiment


in OTC plots: Salix, Betula, Vaccinium, Rushes, Mosses/Lichens Name of site leader(s): Friederike Gehrmann Email address: University: University of Helsinki Site elevation: 700m Latitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 69.0443 Longitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 20.8033 Date site was established: 2014 Does your site have OTC's? Never had Number of plots at your site (include OTCs control plots, etc.) 24 When were they established? 2014 Have they been closed? If so, when?  No
1098146
International Tundra Experiment


plots, Soil moisture, Soil sampling Main genera in OTC plots: Dryas, Salix, Betula, Cassiope, Vaccinium, Sedges, Grasses, Equisetum, Silene, Mosses/Lichens Site elevation: 560m Latitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 68 19 N Longitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 18 50 E Date site was established: 2012 Does your site have OTC's? Yes Number of plots at your site (include OTCs control plots, etc.) 30 When were they established? 2012 Have they been closed?
1098151
International Tundra Experiment


If so, when? Is there grazing at your site? Yes Climate data: Air temperature, Soil temperature Current or past data collection: Phenology, Point framing, Above ground plant traits, Below ground traits, Fertilizer plots, Soil moisture, Soil sampling Main genera in OTC plots: Salix, Betula, Vaccinium, Sedges, Grasses, Rushes, Equisetum, Mosses/Lichens Site elevation: 430m Latitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 68 20 N Longitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 18 49 E Date site was
1098152
International Tundra Experiment


, Grasses, Rushes, Equisetum, Mosses/Lichens Site elevation: 430m Latitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 68 20 N Longitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 18 50 E Date site was established: 2009 Does your site have OTC's? Yes Number of plots at your site (include OTCs control plots, etc.) 10 When were they established? 2009 Have they been closed? If so, when? Is there grazing at your site? No Climate data: Air temperature, Soil temperature Current or past
1098154
International Tundra Experiment


leader(s): Alessandro Petraglia Email address: University: Parma (Italy) Site elevation: 2700 m Latitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 46.3404 Longitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 10.4986 Date site was established: 2012 Does your site have OTC's? Currently have Number of plots at your site (include OTCs control plots, etc.) 18 When were they established? 2012 Have they been closed? If so, when? No Is there grazing at your site? No Climate data: Air temperature, Soil temperature,
1098163
International Tundra Experiment


Dorrepaal Email address: University: Umeå University Site elevation: 385 m asl Latitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): N69°048' Longitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): W148°836' Date site was established: 2014 Does your site have OTC's? Currently have Number of plots at your site (include OTCs control plots, etc.) 24 When were they established? 2014 (snow fences), 2016 (OTCs) Have they been closed? If so, when? NA Is there grazing at your site?
1098168
International Tundra Experiment


: 730 m Latitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 68 deg 38 min N Longitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 149 deg 34 min W Date site was established: 1976 Does your site have OTC's? No Number of plots at your site (include OTCs control plots, etc.) hundreds When were they established? 1976-2006 Have they been closed? If so, when? Is there grazing at your site? Yes Climate data: Air temperature, Soil temperature, Snow depth, Precipitation, Cloud cover,
1098170
International Tundra Experiment


OTC plots: Salix, Vaccinium, Sedges, Mosses/Lichens Site elevation: 320 m Latitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 67.2586 Longitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): -150.1698 Date site was established: 2014 Does your site have OTC's? Never had Number of plots at your site (include OTCs control plots, etc.) 24 When were they established? 2014 Have they been closed? If so, when? NA Is there grazing at your site? No Climate data: Air temperature, Soil temperature, Snow depth
1098175
International Tundra Experiment


Main genera in OTC plots: Mosses/Lichens Site elevation: 150 m Latitude (WGS84 decimal degrees):  74°44'S Longitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 164°01'E Date site was established:         2014 Does your site have OTC's? No, but it does have precipitation shields, nutrient additions, and long-term monitoring Number of plots at your site (include OTCs control plots, etc.) 36 When were they established? 2014 Have they been closed? If so, when?  No, ongoing
1098185
Lillooet Land District


a jagged curving line to 50 degrees 45 minutes north latitude at 121 degrees 46 west longitude, just northwest of the summit of Chipuin Mountain, to 54 degrees 34 121 degrees 45 west. From there, via another jagged arc around land to cross the Fraser in the area of Fountainview Farm and Foster Bar to 50 degrees 31 minutes north latitude at 121 degrees 48 minutes west longitude. From that point the boundary follows the divide between the Cayoosh Creek and Stein River basins, and that between the Stein basin and that of the
15134316
History of longitude


of the longitude in 1567; Philip III increased the prize in 1598. Holland added to the effort with a prize offered in 1636. Navigators and scientists in most European countries were aware of the problem and were involved in finding a solution. The international effort in solving the problem and the scale of the enterprise represented one of the largest scientific endeavours in history. Since at any instant in time, local solar time at a location varies by one hour for every 15 degrees change of longitude (360 degrees divided by 24 hours
2379223
Comox Land District


longitude, then east to 125 degrees 0 minutes 9 seconds west longitude, just west of the town of Cumberland and north along that longitude to 49 degrees 39 minutes 15 seconds north latitude. From there, a short distance east to 124 degrees 59 minutes 51 seconds west longitude, and south along that longitude to 49 degrees 39 minutes north latitude, and 124 degrees 58 minutes 31 seconds west longitude, north along that longitude to 49 degrees 39 minutes 10 seconds north latitude at 124 degrees and east along that latitude to 124 degrees
14428037
International Tundra Experiment


Air temperature, Soil temperature, Snow depth, Precipitation Current or past data collection: Phenology, Point framing, Above ground plant traits, Herbivory, Flower counts Main genera in OTC plots: Salix, Papaver, Caterpillars on willow Name of site leader(s): Anders Michelsen, Bo Elberling Email address: University: University of Copenhagen Site elevation: 95m Latitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 69 16 N Longitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 53 27 W Date site was established: 20Does your site have OTC's? Only
1098131
International Tundra Experiment


a precipitation gradient Main genera in OTC plots: Salix, Betula, Vaccinium, Sedges, Grasses, Mosses/Lichens, Empetrum; In general very variable, since the experiment includes 8 sites (one replicate per site) and 3 dominant moss species per site Name of site leader(s): Ellen Dorrepaal Email address: University: Umeå University Site elevation: 424-522 masl Latitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): N65°35'-N66°07' Longitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): E17°15'-E19°26' Date site was
1098157
International Tundra Experiment


Cloud cover Current or past data collection at your site:Phenology, Above ground plant traits, Herbivory, Plot photos, Abundance estimates Main genera in OTC plots: Salix, Sedges, Grasses, Saxifraga, Silene, Mosses/Lichens Name of site leader(s): Michele Carbognani Email address: University: Parma (Italy) Site elevation: 2700 m Latitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 46.3404 Longitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 10.4986 Date site was established: 2008 Does your site have OTC's? Currently have Number of plots
1098161
International Tundra Experiment


plots: Salix, Vaccinium, Sedges, Grasses, Saxifraga, Silene, Cerastium, Oxyria, Mosses/Lichens Name of site leader(s): Nicoletta Cannone Email address: University: Università dell'Insubria Site elevation: 2700m Latitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 46.31 N Longitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 10.25 E Date site was established: 2014 Does your site have OTC's? Currently have Number of plots at your site (include OTCs control plots, etc.) 120 When were they established? 2014 Have they been closed
1098166
International Tundra Experiment


of site leader(s): Ned Fetcher, Jianwu (Jim) Tang, Michael Moody Email address: University: Wilkes University, Marine Biological Laboratory, University of Texas - El Paso Site elevation: 763 m Latitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 68.6293 Longitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): -149.5788 Date site was established: 2011, 2014 Does your site have OTC's? Currently have Number of plots at your site (include OTCs control plots, etc.) 72 When were they established? 24 in 2011, 48 in 2014
1098172
International Tundra Experiment


, Cassiope, Vaccinium, Sedges, Grasses, Saxifraga, Mosses/Lichens Name of site leader(s): Nicoletta Cannone Email address: University: Università dell'Insubria Site elevation: 5-35 m Latitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 74°19'S Longitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 165°08'E Date site was established: 2014 Does your site have OTC's? No, but it does have precipitation shields, nutrient additions, and long-term monitoring without manipulations Number of plots at your site (include OTCs control plots
1098179
Solid angle


a sphere. A latitude-longitude rectangle should not be confused with the solid angle of a rectangular pyramid. All four sides of a rectangular pyramid intersect the sphere's surface in great circle arcs. With a latitude-longitude rectangle, only lines of longitude are great circle arcs; lines of latitude are not. The Sun is seen from Earth at an average angular diameter of 0.5334 degrees or 9.310 radians. The Moon is seen from Earth at an average angular diameter of 9.22 radians. We can substitute these into the equation
10346430
Joseph Robidoux IV


West Bottoms (approximately 94 degrees 36 minutes West longitude). The land where St. Joseph is now located belonged by treaty to the Ioway Tribe and the combined Sac Tribe and Fox Tribe. Robidoux was a licensed trader and legally allowed to be in the area as a trader. Robidoux was the most spectacular example of several enterprising white settlers who encroached on Indian land. Faced with the possibilities of more encroachment, the tribes in 1836 agreed to sell what is now the northwest corner of Missouri for $7,500 to the federal government
19891724
Longitude


Longitude (, ), is a geographic coordinate that specifies the east–west position of a point on the Earth's surface, or the surface of a celestial body. It is an angular measurement, usually expressed in degrees and denoted by the Greek letter lambda (λ). Meridians (lines running from pole to pole) connect points with the same longitude. By convention, one of these, the Prime Meridian, which passes through the Royal Observatory, Greenwich, England, was allocated the position of 0° longitude
17699212
Prime meridian


drifts northeast about 2.5 centimetres per year relative to this Earth-centred 0° longitude. It is also the reference meridian of the Global Positioning System operated by the United States Department of Defense, and of WGS84 and its two formal versions, the ideal International Terrestrial Reference System (ITRS) and its realization, the International Terrestrial Reference Frame (ITRF). A current convention on the Earth uses the opposite of the IRM as the basis for the International Date Line. On Earth, starting at the North Pole and heading south
5219170
Florida International University College of Arts and Sciences


The Florida International University College of Arts, Education and Sciences is the liberal arts college at Florida International University. Founded in 1965, it is the largest of FIU's 26 schools and colleges, and offers bachelor's degrees, master degree's, doctorates, and first professional degrees. As of 2009, the College of Arts and Sciences has 35,291 alumni, and awards approximately 2,342 degrees annually. The college is organized into 26 departments: For up-to-date information on majors and degrees available through the FIU College of
1564564
Longitude by chronometer


point for all longitude measurements. The Prime Meridian of zero degrees longitude runs along the meridian passing through the Royal Observatory at Greenwich, England. Longitude is measured east and west from the Prime Meridian. To determine "longitude by chronometer," a navigator requires a chronometer set to the local time at the Prime Meridian. Local time at the Prime Meridian has historically been called Greenwich Mean Time (GMT), but now, due to international sensitivities, has been renamed as Coordinated Universal Time (UTC), and is known
5536075
International Tundra Experiment


data collection: Point framing, Above ground plant traits, Below ground traits, Soil moisture, Soil sampling Main genera in OTC plots: Vaccinium, Grasses, Mosses/Lichens Name of site leader(s): Ellen Dorrepaal Email address: University: Umeå University Site elevation: 570-775 masl Latitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): N68°18'-N68°31 Longitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): E18°12'-E18°54' Date site was established: 2011 Does your site have OTC's? Currently have Number of plots at your
1098155
International Tundra Experiment


experiment Is there grazing at your site? No Climate data: Air temperature, Soil temperature, Snow depth Current or past data collection: Point framing, Plot photos, Snow fences, Fertilizer plots, Snowmelt dates, Soil sampling, vegetation coverage and floristic composition Main genera in OTC plots: Mosses/Lichens Name of site leader(s): Priscilla Muriel, Francisco Cuesta Email address: University: Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador Site elevation: 4580 m Latitude (WGS84 decimal degrees): 0°28'1.50"S Longitude (WGS84 decimal degrees)
1098186
Zeliangrong


in Assam, Manipur and Nagaland according to 2011 Census stands approximately at 4.5 lakhs.The Zeliangrong have been living in the present location of their land since time immemorial, in a compact and contiguous geographical setting of approximately 12,000 km lying between 93 degrees E and 94 degree E longitude and 94.40 degrees and 24 degrees N latitude in N. C Hills of Assam; Peren district of Nagaland; Tamenglong district, Sardar hills of Senapati district, northern part Henglep subdivision of Churachanpur district, Jiribam subdivision of Imphal district, Imphal valley and Silchar
6093835
Ralph Darling


Bathurst, the Secretary of State in the British parliament; these were the limits of location in the colony of New South Wales. Settlers were only permitted to take up land within these counties. From 1831 the granting of free land ceased and the only land that was to be made available for sale was within the Nineteen Counties. When Darling was commissioned as governor, the Colony's western boundary – set in 1788 at 135 degrees east longitude – was extended by 6 degrees west to the 129 degrees east longitude. This line
17181111
International Meridian Conference


The International Meridian Conference was a conference held in October 1884 in Washington, D.C., in the United States, to determine a prime meridian for international use. The conference was held at the request of U.S. President Chester A. Arthur. The subject to discuss was the choice of "a meridian to be employed as a common zero of longitude and standard of time reckoning throughout the world". It resulted in the recommendation of the Greenwich Meridian as the international standard for zero degrees longitude. By the 1870s there was pressure both to
15515921
Longitude


(see the article "Paris meridian"), Philadelphia, and Washington D.C. In 1884 the International Meridian Conference adopted the Greenwich meridian as the "universal Prime Meridian" or "zero point of longitude". Longitude is given as an angular measurement ranging from 0° at the Prime Meridian to +180° eastward and −180° westward. The Greek letter λ (lambda), is used to denote the location of a place on Earth east or west of the Prime Meridian. Each degree of longitude is sub-divided into
17699223
Lower Murray zone (wine)


Lower Murray zone is a wine zone located in the state of South Australia which covers the portion of the state south of a line of latitude approximately in line with Crystal Brook, east of a line of longitude approximately in line with Truro and north of a line of latitude approximately in line with Cape Willoughby at the east end of Kangaroo Island. The zone is bounded by the following wine zones: Far North to its north, the Mount Lofty Ranges, Barossa and Fleurieu (from north to south) to its west and
7021672
Nautical mile


A nautical mile is a unit of measurement used in both air and marine navigation, and for the definition of territorial waters. Historically, it was defined as one minute ( of a degree) of latitude along any line of longitude. Today the international nautical mile is defined as exactly 1852 metres. This converts to about 1.15 imperial/US miles. The derived unit of speed is the knot, one nautical mile per hour. There is no single internationally agreed symbol. While using M itself, the International Bureau of Weights
1590167
Ecclesiastical full moon


tend to agree with the dates of astronomical opposition, referred to a day beginning at midnight at 0 degrees longitude, to within a day or so. However, the astronomical opposition happens at a single moment for the entire Earth: The hour and day at which the opposition is measured as having taken place will vary with longitude. In the ecclesiastical calendar, the 14th day of the lunar month, reckoned in local time, is considered the day of the full moon at each longitude. Schematic lunar calendars can and do get
667256
Korean Air Lines Flight 007 alternative theories


small amount) would immediately direct all the flight navigational displays to fly the aircraft to what it thinks is the correct track to the first way point. Once on the wrong track, all would appear normal, HSI's included. This would even be true if there were pictorial navigational displays, similar to modern aircraft. The deviated track can be compared with the required track. As the aircraft moves south, the lines of longitude expand and the track deviation gets greater. That is the initial 10 degree error that was sent
2498536
Geographic coordinate system


on a single side. The antipodal meridian of Greenwich is both 180°W and 180°E. This is not to be conflated with the International Date Line, which diverges from it in several places for political and convenience reasons, including between far eastern Russia and the far western Aleutian Islands. The combination of these two components specifies the position of any location on the surface of Earth, without consideration of altitude or depth. The grid formed by lines of latitude and longitude is known as a "graticule". The origin
3871037
Geocell (cartography)


In geographic information systems, a geocell (or geo-cell) is a patch on the surface of the Earth that is 1 degree of latitude by 1 degree of longitude in extent. At the equator, a geocell is approximately a 111x square - but the east-west dimension of geocells gradually decreases and the shape of the geocell becomes increasingly trapezoidal towards the poles. At the North and South poles, geocells are distorted into long, thin triangles which are still approximately in the north/south direction but with a base
14028553
Gardner (whaling family)


east longitude 155 degrees; An island, north latitude 37 degrees, east longitude. On the coast of New Albion, an island, north latitude 33 degrees, west longitude 119 degrees 30 minutes. On the coast of New Albion, an island, north latitude 21 degrees 55 minutes, west longitude 155 degrees 10 minutes. Maria Island, not on the charts, abounds with fish and wood, but no water; is low and dangerous. A rock, in latitude 20 degrees south, longitude 167 degrees 45 minutes west
9351804
Mercersburg, Pennsylvania


the 78 degree west longitude line to just west of Chambersburg. The district is located within the borders of Franklin County in south-central Pennsylvania and includes the borough of Mercersburg and Montgomery, Peters, St. Thomas and Warren townships. The school district is primarily a rural agricultural area with a total population of approximately 17,000 people. The district consists of four K-5 elementary schools (Saint Thomas, Mountain View, Mercersburg, Montgomery), one grade 6-8 middle school (James Buchanan MS) and one grade 9-12
8438744
History of Montana


due west along said forty-fourth degree and thirty minutes of north latitude to a point formed by its intersection with the crest of the Rocky Mountains; thence following the crest of the Rocky Mountains northward till its intersection with the Bitter Root Mountains; thence northward along the crest of the Bitter Root Mountains to its intersection with the thirty-ninth degree of longitude west from Washington; thence along said thirty-ninth degree of longitude northward to the boundary line of the British possessions. The boundaries of Montana territory did not change during
10460832
USS Tautog (SSN-639)


-back operations totaling approximately 150 days at sea of the approximate 180-day deployment. In October 1993, "Tautog" was sent on an emergent WESTPAC with four days notice. The ship and crew participated in a joint exercise with the Japanese Maritime Self Defense Force, then enjoyed a liberty port in Hong Kong. On 3 October, ET2(SS) Pitcher lost a year of his age when the Tautog sailed across the International Date Line shortly after midnight. This incident is known as: The Great October International Date Line Demarcation Incident.
7119036
Philippine Standard Time


date as Mexico, because it had been a Spanish colony supplied and controlled via Mexico until Mexico's independence in the 1820s. Monday, 30 December 1844 was immediately followed by Wednesday, 1 January 1845, which added 1 day or 24 hours to the local time. This meant that International Date Line moved from going west of the Philippines to go on the east side of the country. At the time, local mean time was used to set clocks, meaning that every place used its own local time based on its longitude
22030265