how do i use the command key on windows keyboard
Command key


the Mac Command keys, as is the key on a Sun or another Unix-oriented keyboard. Conversely, when an Apple USB keyboard is used with other operating systems, the Command keys function as Windows keys or Meta keys. On a Windows keyboard the position of the and keys are swapped compared to the position of and keys on an Apple keyboard. In macOS this can be configured in the keyboard preferences (Modifier Keys ...) so that the Windows key (next to the space bar) becomes the Mac key and
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Computer keyboard


the modifier keys are the Option key and Command key, respectively. On Sun Microsystems and Lisp machine keyboards, the Meta key is used as a modifier and for Windows keyboards, there is a Windows key. Compact keyboard layouts often use a Fn key. "Dead keys" allow placement of a diacritic mark, such as an accent, on the following letter (e.g., the Compose key). The Enter/Return key typically causes a command line, window form or dialog box to operate its default function, which
18965423
Super key (keyboard button)


In Openbox the Super key is an available modifier key, but is not used in any default shortcuts. Under Unity, the key is used to control launcher and manage windows. In elementary OS, the Super key shows a shortcut overlay and is used for several system, window, and workspace functions. X11 emulation on macOS puts the Super shift state on the Command key. Since macOS uses the Windows key as the Command Key if a non-Macintosh keyboard is connected, this means that the layout on such keyboards is
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Super key (keyboard button)


. In KDE Plasma documentation it is called the Meta key even though the X11 "Super" shift bit is used. Most Linux desktop environments use the key similar to how Windows uses it, for window management and application launching, rather than commands used by applications. A popular non-Windows style use is to modify mouse drags so that they move or resize windows from inside them, rather than requiring clicking on the window borders. In GNOME 3, letting go of the Super key defaults to showing the activities window.
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Menu key


of keyboards intended for use with the Windows operating system, the menu key is frequently omitted in the interest of space, particularly on portable and laptop keyboards. The key's primary function is to launch a context menu with the keyboard rather than with the usual right-mouse button. It can be used when the right-mouse button is not present on a mouse. Some Windows public terminals do not have a Menu key on their keyboard to prevent users from right clicking; however, in many Windows applications, a similar
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Windows key


Apple keyboards however, as Apple keyboards place the Command key where the Alt is on most keyboards (next to the Space bar). If Windows is installed on an Apple desktop or laptop then in Windows the Command key will function as the Windows key. On Xbox 360, pressing the Windows key performs the same action as the Guide button on Xbox 360 Controller or remote controls, opening the Xbox Guide. Holding down the Windows key and pressing M opens a pop up conversation window over gameplay, if an instant message conversation
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Windows key


The Windows logo key (also known as Windows-, win-, start-, logo-, flag-, command-, or super-key) is a keyboard key which was originally introduced on the Microsoft Natural keyboard in 1994. This key became a standard key on PC keyboards. In Windows tapping the key brings up the start menu. performs the same function, in case the keyboard lacks this key. Historically, the addition of two Windows keys and a menu key marked the change from the 101/102-key to 104/105-key layout for PC keyboards.
9075316
Computer keyboard


in the icon is not present, showing the menu only. This key was created at the same time as the Windows key. This key is normally used when the right mouse button is not present on the mouse. Some Windows public terminals do not have a Menu key on their keyboard to prevent users from right-clicking (however, in many Windows applications, a similar functionality can be invoked with the Shift+F10 keyboard shortcut). Many, but not all, computer keyboards have a numeric keypad to the right of the
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Computer keyboard


of another key, when the two are pressed in combination. For example, in Microsoft Windows will close the program in an active window. In contrast, pressing just will probably do nothing, unless assigned a specific function in a particular program. By themselves, modifier keys usually do nothing. The most widely used modifier keys include the Control key, Shift key and the Alt key. The AltGr key is used to access additional symbols for keys that have three symbols printed on them. On the Macintosh and Apple keyboards,
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Super key (keyboard button)


were commonly available on keyboards). Initially on PC hardware it was just impossible to produce these shift states as there was no key to push for them. The only software that commonly used these modifiers was Emacs. With the appearance of keyboards with the Windows key there was now a key available on standard keyboards that could be used for one of these. Initially, circa 1996, it was most common to make this key be the "Meta" shift key. However, due to the high number of Emacs commands using
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Control-C


keyboard, and P towards the upper right. The equivalent key combination on Macintosh computers is Command-C. Control-C as an abort command was popularized by TOPS-20 and TOPS-10 and adopted by other systems including Unix. It was also adopted by Digital Equipment operating systems, from which it was copied to CP/M and thus to MS-DOS and Microsoft Windows. In POSIX systems, the sequence causes the active program to receive SIGINT, the interruption signal. If the program does not specify how to handle this condition,
7112879
SCORE (software)


Windows 3.1 interface than a modern one), the lack of certain commands that users had come to expect, and arbitrary redefinition of how certain commands are invoked. It was last updated to version 5.01 on November 1, 2013, six weeks before Smith's death. SCORE runs under the DOS operating system. Music is entered using text codes from a standard ASCII keyboard. Optionally a MIDI keyboard can be used to enter pitches. Less common is entering music from a so-called menu staff using a one-click copy
9809805
Keyboard layout


a conflict: the image on the key does not correspond to the character. In such cases, each new language may require an additional label on the key, because the standard keyboard layouts do not even share similar characters of different languages. The United States keyboard layout is used as default in the currently most popular operating systems: MS Windows, Apple macOS and some Linux distributions. Most operating systems allow switching between functional keyboard layouts, using a key combination involving register keys that are not used for normal operations (e.g. Microsoft
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Break key


the top of the keycap and "Break" on the front. In most Windows environments, the key combination brings up the system properties. Compact and notebook keyboards often do not have a dedicated key. These may use the following substitutes for : Substitutes for : Apple keyboards do not have the Pause/Break key, as Mac OS X does not use it. For some Dell laptops without a Break key press the ALT+Space bar and select "Interrupt". While both and combination are commonly implemented as a way of breaking
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Option key


key in a Mac operating system functions differently from the Alt key under other Unix-like systems or Microsoft Windows. Most notably, it is not used to access menus or hotkeys, but is instead used as a modifier for other command codes, and also to provide easier access to various accents and symbols. In this regard, it is akin to the AltGr key, found on some IBM-compatible PC keyboards. The use of the Option key is similar to that of the AltGr key on European keyboards of IBM-
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Control-Alt-Delete


Control-Alt-Delete (often abbreviated to Ctrl+Alt+Del, also known as the "three-finger salute" or "Security Keys") is a computer keyboard command on IBM PC compatible computers, invoked by pressing the Delete key while holding the Control and Alt keys: . The function of the key combination differs depending on the context but it generally interrupts or facilitates interrupting a function. For instance, in pre-boot environment (before an operating system starts) or in DOS, Windows 3.0 and earlier versions of Windows
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Computer keyboard


the command or Windows keys. There is no standard computer keyboard, although many manufacturers imitate the keyboard of PCs. There are actually three different PC keyboards: the original PC keyboard with 84 keys, the AT keyboard also with 84 keys and the enhanced keyboard with 101 keys. The three differ somewhat in the placement of function keys, the control keys, the return key, and the shift key. Keyboards on laptops and notebook computers usually have a shorter travel distance for the keystroke, shorter over travel distance, and a
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Pound sign


In Windows, it can also be generated through the Alt keycodes, although the results vary depending on factors such as the locale, codepage and OS version: The Character Map utility and Microsoft Word's "Insert Symbol" commands may also be used to enter this character. The symbol "£" is in the MacRoman character set and can be generated on most non-UK Mac OS keyboard layouts which do not have a dedicated key for it, typically through: On UK Apple Mac keyboards, this is reversed, with
6825060
Scroll Lock


immediately switch to the next input following a double press of the Scroll Lock key. Some laptops and keyboards do not have a physical key. Some of these have a second function on another key that acts as if a key was pressed. Some common methods are: Another way to press the key is to use an onscreen keyboard. In Windows 8 this can be found through the Control Panel  Ease Of Access Center (), selecting "Start On-Screen Keyboard". This will provide access to an emulation of a
9001421
International Alphabet of Sanskrit Transliteration


keyboard layout. This allows one to hold a modifier key to type letters with diacritical marks. For example, = ā. How this is set up varies by operating system. Linux Modern Linux systems allow one to set up custom keyboard layouts and switch them by clicking a flag icon in the menu bar. macOS One can use the pre-installed US International keyboard, or install Toshiya Unebe's Easy Unicode keyboard layout. A revision of this is Shreevatsa R's EasyIAST. Microsoft Windows Windows also allows one to change keyboard
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Option key


key was known as the closed apple key, and had a black line drawing of a filled-in apple on it. (See command key for information about the history and the "open apple".) Since the 1990s, "alt" has sometimes appeared on the key as well, for use as an Alt key with non-Mac software, such as Unix and Windows programs; as of 2017, the newest Apple keyboards such as the Magic Keyboard no longer include the "alt" label. The Option
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MacBook Pro


Heavy keyboard users criticized the Touch Bar, noting that command-line tools like Vim rely on keyboard usage, and the Touch Bar does not provide the tactile feedback necessary for "blind" usage of Function keys. Miriam Nielsen from "The Verge" said about the Touch Bar experience: "When I tried to intentionally use the Touch Bar, I felt like a kid learning how to type again. I had to keep looking down at the bar instead of looking at the images I was actually trying to edit."
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Keyboard layout


keyboard functionality. A computer keyboard consists of "alphanumeric" or "character keys" for typing, "modifier keys" for altering the functions of other keys, "navigation keys" for moving the text cursor on the screen, "function keys" and "system command keys" – such as and – for special actions, and often a "numeric keypad" to facilitate calculations. There is some variation between different keyboard models in the mechanical layout – i.e., how many keys there are and how they are positioned on
12524654
Command key


picked for its Scandinavian usage due to its resembling the shape of a square castle with round corner towers as seen from above looking down, notably Borgholm Castle. The symbol was included in the original Macintosh font Chicago, and could be inserted by typing a control q key combination. In Unicode and HTML it is encoded, respectively, as . On USB keyboards, the Command keys are mapped to standard keycodes reserved for GUI functions. On a keyboard made with the Microsoft Windows logo, the Windows keys are identical in function to
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Apple Keyboard


1984, it debuted with neither arrow keys to control the cursor nor an integrated numeric keypad. It used a telephone cord-style RJ-10 connector to the case (also used with the Amstrad PCW series of computers). The keyboard pinouts are "crossed" so it isn't possible to use a standard telephone cord as a replacement; doing so will result in damage to the keyboard or the computer. The keyboard also introduced a unique command key similar to the "open" Apple Key on the Lisa. Like the Apple
8119377
GNU Readline


behavior. Readline supports both Emacs and vi editing modes, which determine how keyboard input is interpreted as editor commands. See Editor war#Differences between vi and Emacs. Emacs editing mode key bindings are taken from the text editor Emacs. On some systems, must be used instead of , because the shortcut conflicts with another shortcut. For example, pressing in Xfce's terminal emulator window does not move the cursor forward one word, but activates "File" in the menu of the terminal window, unless that is disabled in the emulator
3045333
Command key


not the Control or Option keys) for this purpose. A small set of keyboard commands (such as cut and paste, open and save) are standard across nearly all applications, and many other commands are standardized (Find, Show Fonts). If an application needs more shortcuts than can be obtained with the twenty-six letters of the Latin alphabet, double modifiers such as Command+Option are used. One advantage of this scheme, as contrasted with the Microsoft Windows mixed use of the Control and Alt keys, is that
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QWERTY


installed from the Windows control panel, and the extended characters are not normally engraved on keyboards. Apple's Mac OS X does not include UK Extended, as it has key combinations for accents on any keyboard layout. The UK International keyboard uses mostly the AltGr key to add diacritics to the letters a, e, i, n, o, u, w and y (the last two being used in Welsh) as appropriate for each character, as well as to their capitals. Pressing the key and then a character
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Ver (command)


. In Windows before Windows for Workgroups 3.11, running codice_13 from DOS reported an embedded string in codice_15. Windows also includes the codice_16 command that is used to set the version number that the MS-DOS subsystem (NTVDM) reports to a DOS program. AmigaDOS provides a codice_17 command. It displays the current version number of the Kickstart and Workbench. The DEC OS/8 CCL codice_1 command prints the version numbers of both the OS/8 Keyboard Monitor and CCL. Some versions of MS-DOS support an undocumented codice_19 switch, which will
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Windows key


preferred. Microsoft regulates the appearance of the Windows key logo picture with a specially crafted license for keyboard manufacturers ("Microsoft Windows Logo Key Logo License Agreement for Keyboard Manufacturers"). With the introduction of a new Microsoft Windows logo, first used with Windows XP, the agreement was updated to require that the new design be adopted for all keyboards manufactured after 1 September 2003. However, with the release of Windows Vista, Microsoft published guidelines for a new Windows Logo key that incorporates the Windows logo recessed in a chamfered lowered
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Computer keyboard


Windows, prior to the implementation of the Windows key on keyboards, the typical practice for invoking the "start" button was to hold down the control key and press escape. This process still works in Windows 95, 98, Me, NT 4, 2000, XP, Vista, 7, 8, and 10. The Enter key is located: One in the alphanumeric keys and the other one is in the numeric keys. When one worked something on their computer and wanted to do something with their work, pressing
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QWERTY


least in Microsoft Windows where it duplicates the backslash key, while taking space from the Shift key. Many keyboards do not label "AltGr" as such, leaving the "Alt" marking as in the US layout - the right "Alt" key nevertheless functions as "AltGr" in this layout, causing possible confusion when keyboard shortcuts with the "Alt" key are required (these usually work only with the left "Alt") and causing the key to be commonly referred to as "right Alt" ()
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Keyboard shortcut


action, and the latter represents a designated letter in a menu command or toolbar button that when pressed together with the Alt key, activates such command—whereas a "hotkey" on Windows is a system wide shortcut that is always available in all contexts as long as the program responsible for it is running and not suspended. Keyboard shortcuts are typically a means for invoking one or more commands using the keyboard that would otherwise be accessible only through a menu, a pointing device, different levels of a user interface, or via
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AltGr key


English text on such keyboards, Windows allows it to be emulated by pressing the Alt key together with the Control key: Therefore, it is recommended that this combination not be used as a modifier in Windows keyboard shortcuts as, depending on the keyboard layout and configuration, someone trying to type a special character with it may accidentally trigger the shortcut, or the keypresses for the shortcut may be inadvertently interpreted as the user trying to input a special character. In the US-International keyboard layout, the AltGr key can be used
9060827
Keyboard layout


combination of keys, or through software programs that do not interact with the keyboard much. There are many different systems developed to type Bengali language characters using a typewriter or a computer keyboard and mobile device. There were efforts taken to standardize the input system for Bengali in Bangladesh ( Jatiyo layout), but still no input method has still been effectively adopted widely. Dhivehi Keyboards have two layouts. Both are supported by Microsoft Windows (Windows XP and later only). InScript is the standard keyboard for 12 Indian scripts including Devanagari
12524731
Alt code


On IBM compatible personal computers, many characters not directly associated with a key can be entered using the Alt Numpad input method or Alt code: pressing and holding the "Alt" key while typing the number identifying the character with the keyboard's numeric keypad. Similar or extended forms of this feature are also available in many operating systems, including DOS and Microsoft Windows. Often this is the best or only method many computer users know for entering non-ASCII characters. Many Wikipedia articles on various characters will include how to type
9307874
Computer keyboard


as volume controls; or keys that can be programmed by the user to launch a specified application or a command like minimizing all windows. When we calculate, we use these numeric keys to type numbers. Symbols concerned with calculations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication and division symbols are located in this group of keys. The enter key in this keys indicate the equal sign. It is possible to install multiple keyboard layouts within an operating system and switch between them, either through features implemented within the OS, or through an
18965436
Computer keyboard


addition to this, Linux and variants, as well as many DOS programs, treat this combination the same as Ctrl+C. On modern keyboards, the break key is usually labeled Pause/Break. In most Windows environments, the key combination Windows key+Pause brings up the system properties. The Escape key (often abbreviated Esc) "nearly all of the time" signals "Stop" - "QUIT" - let me "get out of a dialog" (or pop-up window): LET ME ESCAPE. Another common application
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Control-Y


Control-Y is a common computer command. It is generated by holding and pressing the key on most Computer Keyboards. In most Windows applications this keyboard shortcut functions as Redo, reversing a previous Undo. In some programs such as Microsoft Office it repeats the previous action if it was something other than Undo. Apple Macintosh systems use for Redo. In general a shortcut on Macintosh using matches up with a shortcut on Windows using , this is one of the most noticeable conflicts. Many programs (on all systems including Linux)
16747496
Mission Control (macOS)


it is possible to select a window using the Scroll Ball, by scrolling in the direction of that window. The keyboard shortcuts used for activating Exposé can be customized to be any of the function keys, the shift, control, option or command key, the fn key on Mac laptops, or even a mouse button on multiple-button mice (including Apple Mighty Mouse). Different features of Mission Control can also be activated by moving the mouse to a 'hot corner' of the desktop. This system is off
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Diaeresis (diacritic)


letters can be written by entering Alt codes. On Microsoft Windows keyboard layouts that do not have double dotted characters, one can especially use Windows Alt keycodes. Double dots are then entered by pressing the left Alt key, and entering the full decimal value of the character's position in the Windows code page on the numeric keypad, provided that the compatible code page is used as a system code page. One can also use numbers from Code page 850; these lack a leading 0. On a Swedish/Finnish keyboard both
697936
Scroll Lock


asked an executive of keyboard manufacturer Key Tronic about the key's purpose in a 1983 interview, he replied "I don't know, but we put it on ours, too". The indicator light is sometimes used for other purposes such as a keyboard layout indicator in some Linux distributions or other applications, because doing so is less likely to cause problems than manipulating other keys/lights. Keyboard, video, mouse switches (KVM) often use the Scroll Lock key on the keyboard connected to the KVM switch for selecting
9001419
WordStar


PC keyboard, making many WordStar commands available in most Windows programs. CtrlPlus switches the Control and Caps Lock keys so that the Ctrl key is back where it was on older keyboards, next to the A key. It also gives functionality to the chief cursor diamond commands mentioned in this article. Another WordStar emulation utility is 'WordStar Command Emulator for Microsoft Word', also known as 'WordStar for Word,' by Mike Petrie. Designed to work in conjunction with CtrlPlus, the Command Emulator adds many more WordStar commands to
14933840
Keyboard layout


are pressed, thus eliminating the need to memorize combos for characters and functions before use. For example, in the chorded GKOS keyboard which has been adapted for the Google Android, Apple iPhone, MS Windows Phone, and Intel MeeGo/Harmattan platforms, thumbs are used for chording by pressing one or two keys at the same time. The layout divides the keys into two separate pads which are positioned near the sides of the screen, while text appears in the middle. The most frequent letters have dedicated keys and do not
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End key


position does not change at all; that is, the key is tied to the window, not the text box being edited. On Apple keyboards that do not have a End key, one can press for the End key functionality described above. To get the same result as the Windows platform (that is, going to the end of the current line of text), press . In most single-line text fields, you can also instead press the down arrow key. An application can be used to change this
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Break key


, interrupts screen output by BIOS until another key is pressed. This is effective during boot in text mode and in a DOS box in Windows safe mode with 50 lines. On early keyboards without a key (before the introduction of 101/102-key keyboards) the Pause function was assigned to , and the Break function to ; these key-combinations still work with most programs, even on modern PCs with modern keyboards. Pressing the dedicated key on 101/102-key keyboards sends the same scancodes as pressing , then , then releasing them in the reverse
4412514
Compose key


Compose). Installable keyboard layouts (such as KbdEdit) are available that contain a compose key assigned to one of the keys like or . They work by using the dead-key chaining feature that is more commonly used to input letters with multiple diacritics. Such keyboard layouts can also be programmed directly in C (the language Windows drivers are written in), compiled using the free-of-charge Windows Driver Kit, and packaged using the free-of-charge Microsoft Keyboard Layout Creator 1.4, compatible up to the
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QWERTY


key where the ~ ` key is in the usual layout. An alternative layout uses the physical US keyboard to type diacritics in some operating systems (including Windows). This is the US-International layout, which uses the right key as an key to support many additional characters directly as an additional shift key. (Since many smaller keyboards don't have a right key, Windows also allows + to be used as a substitute for .) This layout also uses keys , , , and as dead keys to generate characters
5303088
Microsoft ergonomic keyboards


(above  —  and the numeric keypad), including multimedia keys and Power management keys. In versions of Windows prior to Windows Vista, Microsoft's Intellitype software is required to configure the behavior of the shortcut keys. Vista and Windows 7 have the ability to customize shortcut key behavior without additional software when using the "internet keyboard" keyboard layout. Some other modern operating systems, such as FreeBSD and most Linux distributions, have comparable configuration options. The Natural Keyboard Pro also included an internal two-port USB hub, which
1855162
QWERTY


the Romanian keyboard. The "secondary" layout is mainly used by programmers as it does not contradict the physical arrangement of keys on a US-style keyboard. The "secondary" arrangement is used as the default Romanian layout by Linux distributions, as defined in the "X Keyboard Configuration Database". There are four Romanian-specific characters that are incorrectly implemented in versions of Microsoft Windows until Vista came out: The cedilla-versions of the characters do not exist in the Romanian language (they came to be used due
5303062
4DOS


also used with Windows NT type machines, IBM PC DOS and DR-DOS versions. Since Windows NT-2000 includes both codice_3 and codice_4, 4DOS and 4NT and derivatives can both be installed. Earlier versions of 4OS2 can be run under Windows NT, and OS/2 can run the two DOS and Windows NT shells, all three can be used on Windows NT-type machines and OS/2 multiple boot machines. Among the many commands, statements and functions in 4DOS and lacking in MS-DOS/Windows 95/98 codice_3 are reading keyboard input
21013088
Accessaphone


accessaphone, first introduced in 2005 is CTI (Computer Telephony Integration) enabled software that provides better user access to desk and soft phones via the keyboard, mouse and/or voice commands. The application is specifically useful for users with various vision and mobility abilities. As an example, when using an enterprise phone from Cisco, NEC or Tadiran Telecom, functions like Dial, Hold and Transfer can be executed via keyboard hot keys D, H and T (preceded with the ALT key) respectively. accessaphone uses Microsoft Windows Telephony Application Programming
1672160
PowerBook


, built-in trackball, and the innovative positioning of the keyboard that left room for palmrests on either side of the pointing device. Portable PC computers at the time were still oriented toward DOS, and tended to have the keyboard forward towards the user, with empty space behind it that was often used for function key reference cards. In the early days of Microsoft Windows, many notebooks came with a clip on trackball that fit on the edge of the keyboard molding. As usage of DOS gave way to the graphical user
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AutoHotkey


used to launch programs, open documents, emulate keystrokes, Unicode characters, and mouse clicks and movements. AutoHotkey scripts can also assign, retrieve, and manipulate variables, run loops and manipulate windows, files, and folders. These commands can be triggered by a hotkey, such as a script that would open an internet browser whenever the user presses on the keyboard. Keyboard keys can also be remapped or disabled, such that pressing , for example, might result in the active window receiving an en dash (–),
8987432
Soft Input Panel


The Soft Input Panel (also called S.I.P.) is a special on-screen input method for devices which do not have standard keyboards. SIP is commonly used in Microsoft Pocket PC and Tablet PC devices, where there is no room for a keyboard. In Microsoft Windows there is a similar on-screen keyboard used as a Microsoft Active Accessibility (MSAA) which also has an ability to change its layout according to current keyboard language and key layout. It was patented by Microsoft in November 2004 under the patent number 6819315.
20432940
Vi


Dot is really the double-escape from Bravo, the redo command. Most of the stuff was stolen. There were some things stolen from ed—we got a manual page for the Toronto version of ed, which I think Rob Pike had something to do with. We took some of the regular expression extensions out of that. Joy used a Lear Siegler ADM-3A terminal. On this terminal, the Escape key was at the location now occupied by the Tab key on the widely used IBM PC keyboard (on the left
14116967
Command key


was removed in the keyboard's 2007 redesign, making room for the key's name to appear—the word "command" is now printed on the key. On the keyboard of the NeXT Computer that key was marked in green. The menus were not marked with a symbol denoting the command key. Besides being used as a modifier key for keyboard shortcuts it was also used to alter the function of some keys. toggles alpha lock, sends Enter and toggles Mute. The functions were printed in green on the front side
3751584
Apple Keyboard


the standard keyboard with integrated keypad with the enhanced cursor keys above the keypad. The keyboard had a power key on the top right side, and was the last keyboard to have the power key. This keyboard can be used with Windows (although the power key has no function). Originally introduced as the Apple Pro Keyboard in 2000, but discontinued three years later, this keyboard reintroduced the additional extended function keys last seen in the Apple Design Keyboard and debuted in a clear case with black keys. A version with white
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Super key (keyboard button)


The Super key refers to several different keys throughout keyboard history. Originally the Super key was a modifier key on the space-cadet keyboard. Recently "Super key" has become an alternative name for the Windows key when using Linux or BSD operating systems or software that originated on these systems. Tom Knight created both the Knight keyboard and the space-cadet keyboard. The improvement from the Knight keyboard to the space-cadet keyboard was the presence of two more modifiers for the bucky bits, Hyper and "Super";
14807328
Computer keyboard


least 0.150 inches (3.81 mm). Desktop computer keyboards, such as the 101-key US traditional keyboards or the 104-key Windows keyboards, include alphabetic characters, punctuation symbols, numbers and a variety of function keys. The internationally common 102/104 key keyboards have a smaller left shift key and an additional key with some more symbols between that and the letter to its right (usually Z or Y). Also the enter key is usually shaped differently. Computer keyboards are similar to electric-typewriter keyboards but contain additional keys, such as
18965398
Aquamacs


a window, or Command-S to save the file, are available. A standard printing dialog and functions to efficiently use the Option key on Mac keyboards as Emacs Meta key have been added. The styles of windows can be automatically changed to suit the major mode used in the buffer shown. Visually, Aquamacs has been adapted in its icons and fonts to look similar to other Mac applications. Aquamacs is a distribution that includes a number of extensions to GNU Emacs to provide an integrated development environment and to support, among
755238
Meta key


on standard keyboards. On keyboards that lack a physical Meta key, its functionality may be invoked by other keys such as the Windows key. Software often provided another workaround, such as using the Alt key (which does not exist on the Knight keyboard), or using the Esc key as a prefix (for example in Emacs). Because of these workarounds the need for Meta, despite being the most-used additional shift key, was less than for other shift keys. Thus it is more common today to use
14397001
Control-Alt-Delete


or OS/2, the key combination reboots the computer. Starting with Windows 95, the command invokes a task manager or security related component that facilitates ending a Windows session. The soft reboot function via keyboard was originally designed by David Bradley. Bradley, as the chief engineer of the IBM PC project and developer of the machine's ROM-BIOS, had originally used , but found it was too easy to bump the left side of the keyboard and reboot the computer accidentally. According to his own account, Mel Hallerman, who
12208846
Screenshot


-party Bluetooth keyboards often have a key or function key command devoted to taking a screenshot. On macOS, a user can take a screenshot of an entire screen by pressing , or of a chosen area of the screen by . This screenshot is saved to the user's desktop, with one PNG file per attached monitor. If the user holds down while doing either then the screenshot will be copied to the clipboard instead. Beginning with Mac OS X Panther, it is possible to make a screenshot of an active application window
21504813
WordPerfect


, v2.0c. WordPerfect's function-key-centered user interface did not adapt well to the new paradigm of mouse and pull-down menus, especially with many of WordPerfect's standard key combinations pre-empted by incompatible keyboard shortcuts that Windows itself used; for example, Alt-F4 became "Exit Program", as opposed to WordPerfect's "Block Text". The DOS version's impressive arsenal of finely tuned printer drivers was also rendered obsolete by Windows' use of its own printer device drivers. WordPerfect became part
14933750
Home key


start of a document. When the key is pressed, the window scrolls to the top, while the caret position does not change at all; that is, the key is tied to the current window, not the text box being edited. On Apple keyboards that do not have a Home key, one can press for the Home key functionality described above. To get the same result as the Windows platform (that is, moving the insertion point to the beginning of the current line of text), one can press
18519067
Comparison of command shells


keystrokes, which cannot be redirected, distinguishes between normal and extended keys, flushes the queue before accepting new input on startup or under certain conditions, or because it does not read through standard input at all. Keystroke stacking typically also provides means to control the timing of simulated keys being sent or to delay new keys until the queue was flushed etc. It also allows to simulate keys which are not present on a keyboard (because the corresponding keys do not physically exist or because a different keyboard layout is being used)
11926097
Esperanto orthography


characters. Another more recent free download to adapt a Windows keyboard for Esperanto letters is Tajpi - Esperanto Keyboard for Windows 2000 / XP / Vista / 7 / 8 by Thomas James. A simple and free utility with all the Esperanto keys already installed is called Esperanto keyboard layout for Microsoft Windows – (QWERTY version) this is available as a free download. A similar tool is Ek, and is available without charge. You can download the keyboard by clicking on Instalilo: ek(version#)inst.exe. Ek uses the cx keying function to produce
11265371
Apple Keyboard


brightness, eject, and media controls buttons to work properly. The additional function keys placed where the Print Screen/SysRq, Scroll Lock, and Pause/Break keys are on most IBM PC keyboards (F13/F14 through F15/F16) do not work as those keys in Windows without a special driver. Apple has since released a driver, though it is only available bundled with Boot Camp. The USB keyboard is also combined with a two-port USB hub, with the hub being USB 1.1 on older keyboards
8119374
Command key


Macintosh also had an Option key which was used primarily for entering extended characters. In 1986, the Apple II was introduced. Like the newer Macintosh computers to come, such as the Macintosh SE, it used the Apple Desktop Bus for its keyboard and mouse. However, it was still an Apple II. Apple changed the keys on the II's keyboard to Command and Option, as on Mac keyboards, but added an open-Apple to the Command key, for consistency with applications for previous Apple II generations. (
3751582
Esperanto orthography


For X11 and KDE, it's only necessary to switch to a keyboard layout that has Latin dead keys (for example, the "US International" keyboard), whenever the user wants to write in Esperanto. Some keyboards with dead keys are: Another option is to use a keyboard layout that supports the Compose key (usually mapped to the right alt or to one of the windows keys). Then, "compose-u u" will combine the character u with the breve, and "compose-shift-6 s
11265375
ASCII art


, + will produce ▒, and + will produce ◘. The special text editors have sets of special characters assigned to existing keys on the keyboard. Popular DOS-based editors, such as TheDraw and ACiDDraw had multiple sets of different special characters mapped to the function keys to make the use of those characters easier for the artist who can switch between individual sets of characters via basic keyboard shortcuts. PabloDraw is one of the very few special ASCII/ANSI art editors that were developed for Windows. Other programs allow one to
1665684
Command key


of the modified keys. This was also done on the Z, X, C and V keys (Undo, Cut, Copy and Paste). On the NeXT ADB keyboard, the Command keys were replaced by keys labeled and the Command key morphed into a wide "Command bar" in front of the space bar. The purpose of the Command key is to allow the user to enter keyboard shortcuts in applications and in the system. The Macintosh Human Interface Guidelines have always recommended that developers use the Command key (and
3751585
Computer keyboard


wants to type the quotation mark but pressed that key alone, the symbol that would appear would be the apostrophe. The quotation mark will only appear if both the required key and the Shift key are pressed. The Menu key or Application key is a key found on Windows-oriented computer keyboards. It is used to launch a context menu with the keyboard rather than with the usual right mouse button. The key's symbol is usually a small icon depicting a cursor hovering above a menu. On some Samsung keyboards the cursor
18965433
Language input keys


Language input keys, which are usually found on Japanese and Korean keyboards, are keys designed to translate letters using an input method editor. On non-Japanese or Korean keyboard layouts using an IME, these functions can usually be reproduced via hotkeys, though not always directly corresponding to the behavior of these keys. The OADG 109A and older 109 keyboard layouts which are the standard for Microsoft Windows have five dedicated language input keys: Apple keyboards designed for Mac OS X have two language input keys: alphanumeric () and kana (
15783223
End key


The key is a key commonly found on desktop and laptop keyboards. The key has the opposite effect of the Home key. In some limited-size keyboards where the key is missing the same functionality can be reached via the key combination of Its standard symbol as described in ISO/IEC 9995-7, ie. , is used on some full-size keyboards instead of a possibly localized text label. In modern Microsoft Windows text editing applications, the key is primarily used to move the cursor to the end of the
18519186
QWERTY


US or traditional UK keyboard. It uses an elongated return key, a shortened left with and in the newly created position, and in the upper left of the keyboard are and instead of the traditional EBCDIC codes. The middle-row key that fits inside the key has and . From Windows XP SP2 onwards, Microsoft has included a variant of the British QWERTY keyboard (the "United Kingdom Extended" keyboard layout) that can additionally generate several diacritical marks. This supports input on a standard physical UK keyboard for many languages
5303078
Computer keyboard


regular keyboards or keyboards with special gaming features, which can expedite frequently used keystroke combinations. A keyboard is also used to give commands to the operating system of a computer, such as Windows' Control-Alt-Delete combination. Although on Pre-Windows 95 Microsoft operating systems this forced a re-boot, now it brings up a system security options screen. A command-line interface is a type of user interface navigated entirely using a keyboard, or some other similar device that does the job of one. While
18965391
Hugo's House of Horrors


babysit there. The premise bears similarity to LucasFilm Games' "Maniac Mansion", released in 1987, where the main character enters a mansion in order to rescue his girlfriend from a mad scientist. The player moves Hugo around by using the arrow keys on the keyboard, and controls his actions by entering commands on the keyboard (or, in the later-released Windows version, one can use the mouse). In an interview, the game's designer David Gray claimed that he had never played Maniac Mansion and was
14978336
Lenovo IdeaPad Yoga 13


ugly but incredibly usable keyboards. Yet the Yoga 13 has a half-sized backspace and right shift key, which means I mistyped a lot. When you're in tablet mode, there's the Windows 8 on-screen keyboard, which, due to the Yoga 13's huge screen (compared to other tablets), is great. You can actually use all ten fingers on the keyboard, rather than the two-fingers-and-a-thumb strategy you'd use on an iPad." The reason for
4212495
Esc key


key for the "Stop" button in many web browsers. On machines running Microsoft Windows, prior to the implementation of the Windows key on keyboards, the typical practice for invoking the "start" button was to hold down the Control key and press escape. This key combination still works as of Windows 10. Microsoft Windows makes use of "Esc" for many key shortcuts. Many of these shortcuts have been present since Windows 3.0, through Windows XP, Windows Vista, Windows 7, Windows 8, and Windows 10
3333555
UCBLogo


-slot (or Lambda), and procedure-text. A property list is a special list where the odd number items are property names, and the even are property values. There are three commands to process property list. For input/output (I/O), text may be written to the command window (output stream) using codice_24 and to the graphics window using codice_25 The standard commands are codice_26 with the normal input stream being the keyboard. In Unix tradition the input stream can be changed, so
12592350
Apple Wireless Keyboard


of Mac OS X 10.7/OS X Lion, Apple updated the keyboard slightly, updating the label on the Exposé key to Mission Control and changing the Dashboard key to a Launchpad key. Keyboard layouts with a rectangular Enter key are available in American English and Korean. Keyboard layouts with L-shaped Enter keys are available in: Due to the missing keys for Windows PCs (such as the PrintScreen Key), Apple has made mappings. Note. These keyboard mappings will work on a Mac operating under Windows 7 when running
8319381
Norton Commander


Commander was very popular during the DOS era and it has been extensively cloned. For example, the IntelliJ IDE used to include a "Commander" plugin that performed file manipulation using the same shortcut keys as Norton Commander but the plugin is now obsolete. Windows 95 included a new graphical shell called Windows Explorer and supported long filenames (LFN). Symantec released Norton Commander 5.51 to support long filenames using the standard Windows APIs. In order to preserve LFNs while working in real mode, Norton Commander 5.51 required the use of a
16467804
Home key


The key is commonly found on desktop and laptop keyboards. The key has the opposite effect of the End key. In limited-size keyboards where the key is missing the same functionality can be reached via the key combination of . Its standard symbol from ISO/IEC 9995-7, ie. , is used on some full-size keyboards instead of a possibly localized text label. In modern Microsoft Windows text editing applications, it is primarily used to return the cursor to the beginning of the line where the cursor is
18519065
Model M keyboard


and 3 metres). From about 1994 onwards, flat non-detachable cables were used to reduce manufacturing costs; however, IBM retained its 101-key layout, never implementing the Microsoft Windows keys common on other keyboards from that time. Unicomp later designed a 104-key Model M with Windows keys. On March 27, 1991, IBM divested a number of its hardware manufacturing operations, including keyboard manufacturing, to the investment firm Clayton & Dubilier, Inc. in a leveraged buyout to form Lexmark International, Inc. Lexmark continued manufacturing the Model M
11590410
Power key


The power key, or power button, is a key found on many computer keyboards during the 1980s and into the early 2000s. They were introduced on the first Apple Desktop Bus keyboards in the 1980s and have been a standard feature of many Macintosh keyboards since then. They are also found on an increasing number of Microsoft Windows keyboards, sometimes supplanted with additional keys for sleep. The power key is becoming increasingly rare, as most modern personal computers using USB allow the system to be started up by pressing any key on the
14238750
QWERTZ


key to the right of the left Shift key. To adapt to 101/102-key keyboards which don’t have that key, the MS Windows QWERTY layout has put the í on the usual key for the 0 (zero) while the 0 has been moved to that key’s AltGr/Option level; On the Mac both layouts (QWERTY and QWERTZ) have this adaptation. A variant of the QWERTZ keyboard has been used in Poland, but QWERTY keyboards have been dominant since the early 1990s. The standard keyboard layout as established by
19367212
QWERTY


Bangladesh, Singapore, New Zealand, and South Africa), local spelling conforms more closely to British English usage, while the supplied keyboard is or based on the English (US) keyboard. In Windows 8 and later versions, the backslash key (left of Z or space) is duplicated onto the hash key (left of Enter), press which with key to type backslash , with and keys to type vertical bar . This aids users who are familiar with UK keyboard layout while the keyboard lacks this key (e.g.
5303076
Command key


The Command key (⌘), also historically known as the Apple key, clover key, open-Apple key, splat key, pretzel key, or propeller key, is a modifier key present on Apple keyboards. The Command key's purpose is to allow the user to enter keyboard commands in applications and in the system. An "extended" Macintosh keyboard—the most common type—has two command keys, one on each side of the space bar; some compact keyboards have one only on the left. The
3751577
Compose key


workstations, the Compose LED is placed in the keycap (see picture below). ISO/IEC 9995-7 designed a graphical symbol for this key, in ISO/IEC 9995-7 as symbol 15 "Compose Character", and in ISO 7000 "Graphical symbols for use on equipment" as symbol ISO-7000-2021. This symbol is encoded in Unicode as . Because Microsoft Windows and macOS do not support a compose key by default, the key does not exist on most keyboards designed for modern PC hardware. When
16661071
IBM Personal Computer/AT


The June 1985 BIOS fixed some bugs and added support for 720k 3.5" floppy drives while the November 1985 BIOS added support for 101-key keyboards and 1.44MB 3.5" floppies. ATs with the older BIOSes will nominally work with 101-key keyboards, but the extra keys are ignored unless the user writes his or her own code to read them. If 3.5" 720k floppy drives are used on ATs with the January 1984 BIOS, they are assumed to be 360k 5.25" floppies and the FORMAT command in DOS will attempt to format them
1194142
Computer keyboard


the enter key would do the command they ordered. Another function is to create a space for next paragraph. When one typed and finished typing a paragraph and they wanted to have a second paragraph, they could press enter and it would do spacing. Shift key: when one presses shift and a letter, it will capitalize the letter pressed with the shift key. Another use is to type more symbols than appear to be available, for instance the apostrophe key is accompanied with a quotation mark on the top. If one
18965432
Language input keys


Kanji key) and off (for English, see Alphanumeric key). Prior Windows 98 and older systems, the key was only with Half-width/Full-width function. Used to switch between entering Japanese and English text. It is not found as a separate key in the modern Japanese 106/109-key keyboard layout. On the Common Building Block (CBB) Keyboard for Notebooks, as many 106/109-key keyboards, the Kanji key is located on the Half-width/Full-width key, and needs the key . It
15783225
Keyboard shortcut


a command-line interface. Keyboard shortcuts are generally used to expedite common operations by reducing input sequences to a few keystrokes, hence the term "shortcut". To differentiate from general keyboard input, most keyboard shortcuts require the user to press and hold several keys simultaneously or a sequence of keys one after the other. Unmodified key presses are sometimes accepted when the keyboard is not used for general input - such as with graphics packages e.g. Adobe Photoshop or IBM Lotus Freelance Graphics. Other keyboard shortcuts use function keys that are dedicated
797483
Keyboard layout


commercial editor, for Windows) and Keyman Developer (free, open source editor for Windows, macOS, iOS, Android, or for sites on the web as virtual keyboards) make it easy to create custom keyboard layouts for regular keyboards; users may satisfy their own typing patterns or specific needs by creating new ones from scratch (like the IPA or pan-Iberian layouts) or modify existing ones (for example, the Latin American Extended or Gaelic layouts). Such editors can also construct complex key sequences using dead keys
12524727
Menu key


In computing, the "menu key" or "application key" () is a key found on Microsoft Windows-oriented computer keyboards, introduced at the same time as the Windows logo key. Its symbol is usually a small icon depicting a pointer hovering above a menu, and it is typically found on the right side of the keyboard between the right Windows logo key and the right control key (or between the right alt key and the right control key). While the Windows key is present on the vast majority
12832278
Kreol (software)


Kreol is a piece of software that turns a traditional qwerty keyboard into a musical instrument played by typing. Kreol is played by pressing keys which correspond to musical notes or chords depending on how the user commands it. "But unlike a normal piano, Kreol players can alter the "Do" note – the root of the scale – in order to play the same melody in a different key, sort of like a guitarist sliding a chord to a new area of the fretboard." Kreol has phrase and pitchbend capabilities operated
4418733
Pound sign


in the UK needed not only to represent the pound sign, but also to handle pre-decimal currency (pounds, shillings, and pence, including halfpennies and farthings). On Microsoft Windows, Linux and Unix, the UK keyboard layout has the "£" symbol on the 3 number key and is typed using: On a US-International keyboard in Windows, the "£" can be entered using: On a US-International keyboard in Linux and Unix, the "£" can be entered using:
6825059
AltGr key


AltGr key are: The two latter symbols interchange places in UK keyboards according to the operating system in use. In OS/2, the "UK keyboard layout" (specifically: the UK166 layout) requires AltGr for the vertical bar and the broken vertical bar is a shifted key—which matches the actual symbols that are printed on most UK keyboards; in Windows, the "UK keyboard layout" requires AltGr for the broken vertical bar and the vertical bar is a shifted key—the reverse of what is usually printed on the
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