todays positive psychology is grounded in an earlier view called the
Psychologism


Psychologism is a philosophical position, according to which psychology plays a central role in grounding or explaining some other, non-psychological type of fact or law. The "Oxford English Dictionary" defines "psychologism" as: "The view or doctrine that a theory of psychology or ideas forms the basis of an account of metaphysics, epistemology, or meaning; (sometimes) spec. the explanation or derivation of mathematical or logical laws in terms of psychological facts." Psychologism in epistemology, the idea that its problems "can
7885641
Transpersonal psychology


The Spectrum of Consciousness" (1977),"The Atman Project - a transpersonal view of human development" (1980), and the co-authored compilation "Transformations of Consciousness" (1986). According to Paulson Wilber provided intellectual grounding for the field of transpersonal psychology. Mainly in the form of a synthesis of diverse disciplines. Another important contributor to the field, Michael Washburn, was drawing on the insights of Jungian depth psychology. He presented his transpersonal theory in a book called "The Ego and the Dynamic Ground" (1988
12091066
Quiet: The Power of Introverts in a World That Can't Stop Talking


professional positive psychologists may be implicitly perpetuating "The Extrovert Ideal", for example, by privileging activated feelings like happiness while undervaluing quiet feelings like contentment. Writing that both views of psychological wellness—both the noisy and extroverted view, and a quiet and introverted view—deserve scientific attention, Peterson closed by calling for a "quiet positive psychology". "GigaOM's" Jessica Stillman extended the concepts of "Quiet" to analyze coworking (working independently but in the same environment as others), remote working (telecommuting)
7169972
Mary Henle


Gestalt theory of the Berlin school (Wertheimer, Köhler, Koffka et al.) in their authentic basic positions in the United States known to represent and defend their view falsifying interpretations: In 1961, Henle gave the anthology Documents of Gestalt Psychology out, which after 1938 published collection A Sourcebook of Gestalt Psychology (edited by Willis D. Ellis.). An updated representation of important core positions of Gestalt theory was present: The tape contained a representation of the " Gestalt theory today "by Wolfgang Köhler, the essays from Max
17936166
Rationalization (psychology)


justifying of irrational instinctive actions on the grounds that they were reasonable or normatively validated, and the rationalizing of defensive structures, whose purpose is unknown on the grounds that they have some quite different but somehow logical meaning. Later psychoanalysts are divided between a positive view of rationalization as a stepping-stone on the way to maturity, and a more destructive view of it as splitting feeling from thought, and so undermining the powers of reason. Leon Festinger highlighted in 1957 the discomfort caused people by awareness of inconsistent thought. Rationalization can
13094364
Witchcraft: Its Power in the World Today


Witchcraft: Its Power in the World Today is a book by William Buehler Seabrook which was published in 1940. It details the author's views on psychology, parapsychology and the occult, and contains information about the author's meetings with a number of famous people. Throughout his writing career, Seabrook had been fascinated with the strange, from Dervish mystics ("Adventures in Arabia") to Haitian zombies ("Magic Island"). "Witchcraft" contains Seabrook’s look back at his earlier first-hand experiences. He
18258001
Regression (psychology)


"regression in the service of the ego"...the specific means whereby preconscious and unconscious material appear in the creator's consciousness'. Kris thus opened the way for ego psychology to take a more positive view of regression. Carl Jung had earlier argued that 'the patient's regressive tendency...is not just a relapse into infantilism, but an attempt to get at something necessary...the universal feeling of childhood innocence, the sense of security, of protection, of reciprocated love, of trust'. Kris however was concerned rather
7568093
Psychologism


be solved satisfactorily by the psychological study of the development of mental processes", was argued in John Locke's "An Essay Concerning Human Understanding" (1690). Other forms of psychologism are logical psychologism and mathematical psychologism. Logical psychologism is a position in logic (or the philosophy of logic) according to which logical laws and mathematical laws are grounded in, derived from, explained or exhausted by psychological facts or laws. Psychologism in the philosophy of mathematics is the position that mathematical concepts and/or truths are grounded in, derived
7885642
Positive psychology


to rest on this science" (2) "work for the effective and responsible application of positive psychology in diverse areas such as organizational psychology, counselling and clinical psychology, business, health, education, and coaching", (3) "foster education and training in the field". The field of positive psychology today is most advanced in the United States and Western Europe. Even though positive psychology offers a new approach to the study of positive emotions and behavior, the ideas, theories, research, and motivation to
12164624
Die Seele: Ihr Verhältnis zum Bewusstsein und zum Leibe


Sertillanges, Richard Hönigswald and Dietrich von Hildebrand. Max Ettlinger's (1877-1929) article deals with Joseph Geyser as a Psychologist. Ettlinger points out that Geyser's philosophy and psychology developed through intense exchange within the circle of students at the University of Munich under the "inspiring teacher" Theodor Lipps. Theodor Lipps is described as developing from earlier positions such as Psychologism to metaphysics of mind whereby the latter was congenial to Geyser view. Valued by the German philosopher Nicolai Hartmann, who was also a supporter of the philosophia perennis
19106115
Second-wave positive psychology


Researchers who share this view include Bretherton and Ørner, Schneider, and Taheny. Recently, positive psychologists have recognized that positive psychology is rooted in humanistic-existential psychology, but in practice it continues to distance itself from its heritage because of the alleged lack of scientific research in humanistic psychology. A mature positive psychology needs to return to its existential-humanistic roots, because it can both broaden and deepen positive psychology. Paul Wong extends EPP to second wave positive psychology (PP 2.0) by formally incorporating the dialectical principles of Chinese
13463056
James Dobson


judicial tyranny," Dobson has written that "[t]here is no issue today that is more significant to our culture than the defense of the family. Not even the war on terror eclipses it." Critics have stated that Dobson's views on homosexuality do not represent the mainstream views of the mental health community, with Dan Gilgoff noting the positions of the American Psychiatric Association and the American Psychological Association on homosexuality. Focus on the Family supports private school vouchers and tax credits for religious schools. According to Focus on the Family
2303286
Same-sex marriage and the family


health organizations have, in many cases, taken public positions on homosexuality and same-sex marriage that are based on their own social and political views rather than the available science The American Psychological Association, on the other hand, considers positions of NARTH unscientific, and the Canadian Psychological Association has expressed concern that "some are mis-interpreting the findings of psychological research to support their positions, when their positions are more accurately based on other systems of belief or values." Views held by the American College of Pediatricians are also
15951195
Positive psychology


of psychology in 1998 when Martin Seligman chose it as the theme for his term as president of the American Psychological Association. In the first sentence of his book "Authentic Happiness", Seligman claimed: "for the last half century psychology has been consumed with a single topic only – mental illness", expanding on Maslow's comments. He urged psychologists to continue the earlier missions of psychology of nurturing talent and improving normal life. The first positive psychology summit took place in 1999. The First International Conference on Positive Psychology took
12164622
Homosexuality in society


that some persons and institutions are mis-interpreting the findings of psychological research to support their positions, when their positions are more accurately based on other systems of belief or values. The vast majority of families in the United States today are not the "middle-class family with a bread-winning father and a stay-at-home mother, married to each other and raising their biological children" that has been viewed as the norm. Since the end of the 1980s, it has been well established that children and
18603424
Positive psychology


the study of positive psychology is just a reiteration of older ways of thinking, and that there is not much scientific research to support the efficacy of this method. Gable responds to criticism on their pollyanna view on the world by saying that they are just bringing a balance to a side of psychology that is glaringly understudied. To defend his point, Gable points to the imbalances favouring research into negative psychological wellbeing in cognitive psychology, health psychology, and social psychology. Barbara S. Held argued that while positive psychology makes contributions to the
12164644
Second-wave positive psychology


in the achievement of a satisfactory life, rather than treating mental illness. The focus of positive psychology is on personal growth rather than on pathology.It has been argued that this binary, dichotomous view has fuelled both positive psychology's success and decline. The single-minded focus on positivity has resulted in persistent backlash (e.g., Frawley, 2015 for a recent review). The following criticisms have been leveled against positive psychology by researchers both outside of and within the positive psychology community. These include the "tyranny" of
13463050
Functional symptom


explained largely as physical manifestations of the sufferer's psychological state of mind; "until" such time as new physiological knowledge is eventually gained. At this point, a part of the earlier reliance on psychological explanations often evaporates. Taking a long, historical view, doctors being human, there seems little reason to suppose that this historical pattern of eventual correction of earlier psychological misattribution of symptoms is yet become a thing of the past. Another specific example is functional constipation, which may have psychological or psychiatric causes. However, one
147210
Theoretical psychology


an important solid theory as they relate to no physical object we can make sense of or interact with using our sensorium and empirical approaches. They are not instantiated in the world and in virtue of this they are called theoretical concepts. Theoretical psychology has many aspects that can be viewed as positive or negative, which depends on the interpreter. Theoretical psychology can play an important and also unique role in the field such that almost any claim can be reasonably thought of as true if it is theoretically appealing and empirically supported by research.
10785418
Psychology of religion


God; and 3) Self-directed, in which people do not rely on God and try exclusively to solve problems by their own efforts. He also describes four major stances toward religion that have been adopted by psychotherapists in their work with clients, which he calls the religiously "rejectionist", "exclusivist", "constructivist", and "pluralist" stances. James Hillman, at the end of his book "Re-Visioning Psychology", reverses James' position of viewing religion through psychology, urging instead that
20781732
Positive organizational behavior


when combined, the underlying higher-order, core construct of Positive psychological capital or PsyCap. POB is the application of Positive psychology to the workplace. Its focus is on strengths and on building the best in the workplace under the basic assumption is that goodness and excellence can be analyzed and achieved. Although POB research is relatively new, its core ideas are based on ideas of earlier scholars. POB origins developed from the Positive Psychology movement, initiated in 1998 by Martin Seligman and colleagues. Positive Psychology aims to shift the focus
11154597
Haarlemmerhout


the fashionable English style with a view for public access. Though in earlier centuries the park served as a common ground for farm animals and fire kindling, the redesigned park came to be used as a place for recreation in the sense currently given to public parks today. Though today all of the park lies within the city limits of Haarlem, the Southern end of the park was in Heemstede until this land was annexed by Haarlem in 1927. Heemstede did not charge taxes on drinking bier and wine in public taverns, and for
17739770
Positive psychology


Positive Psychology." In the second edition (1970), he removed that chapter, saying in the preface that "a  positive psychology is at least available today though not very widely." There have been indications that psychologists since the 1950s have been increasingly focused on the promotion of mental health rather than merely treating mental illness.. From the beginning of psychology, the field has addressed the human experience using the "Disease Model," specifically studying and identifying the dysfunction of an individual. Positive psychology began as a new area
12164621
Donald Davidson (philosopher)


attaining "G". For example, someone's primary reason for taking an umbrella outside on a rainy day might be that wanting to stay dry and believing that taking an umbrella is a means to stay dry today. This view, which largely conforms to common-sense folk psychology, was held in part on the ground that while causal laws must be strict and deterministic, explanation in terms of reasons need not. Davidson argued that the fact that the expression of a reason was not so precise did not mean that the
6306647
Christianity and homosexuality


Bibles. They consider some verses such as those they say support slavery or the inferior treatment of women as not being valid today, and against the will of God present in the context of the Bible. They cite these issues when arguing for a change in theological views on sexual relationships to what they say is an earlier view. They differentiate among various sexual practices, treating rape, prostitution, or temple sex rituals as immoral and those within committed relationships as positive regardless of sexual orientation. They view certain verses, which they
7479102
Visionary fiction


Keyes, "The Literature of Hope in the Middle Ages And Today" (2006). This work explores the influence of medieval literature on modern fantasy literature as well as such literature's social function. Using Jungian theory, including his view of visionary fiction, it examines the connections between the genres and finds common ground among them in plots that often reflect the recurring cycle of life and the elements of psychological rather than literal realism. Works such as Malory's "Le Morte D’Arthur", the Witch World series by Andre
7025117
Body positivity


2016 Mattel released a new line of Barbie dolls under the name "Fashionistas" with three different body shapes, seven skin colors, twenty-two eye colors and twenty-four hairstyles to be more inclusive. The Body Positivity Movement has been ground breaking because of the effect it has on the psychology of a person. The movement encourages the partakers view self-acceptance and self-love as traits that dignify the person. The movement is based on the image basing their sense of self-worth heavily on their physical appearance
13101139
Archetypal psychology


are "aides memoires", i.e. sounding boards employed "for echoing life today or as bass chords giving resonance to the little melodies of life." Hillman further insists that he does not view the pantheon of gods as a 'master matrix' against which we should measure today and thereby decry modern loss of richness. Hillman says he has been critical of the 20th century's psychologies (e.g. biological psychology, behaviorism, cognitive psychology) that have adopted a natural scientific philosophy and praxis. His main criticisms include that they are
17003972
Mona Weissmark


a blog post to "Psychology Today" why attempts at outlawing bias are likely to fail. An interview in the University of Pennsylvania GSE Alumni Magazine exists in PDF form and can be found at the Issuu Inc. website. In an article in "Psychology Today" Dr. Weissmark examines and explains why many famous psychological studies cannot be reproduced. An additional article describes how bias interventions are ineffective. In this article Dr. Weissmark examines the current body of work regarding the workplace policies intended to ban discrimination. An earlier article reviews the
15433341
Counter-castle


established instead of a masonry or wooden siege castle. A favourable point in the terrain, within range of the besieged castle, was levelled and lightly fortified. From this position, the enemy castle could be engaged relatively safely with a trebuchet or catapult and its occupants psychologically ground down. Such a position may be seen today about 430 metres northeast and above Thurant Castle on the Moselle. Trebuchets were used in sieges from the early 13th century. Large catapults had a range of about 400 to 500 metres. However, only wealthy
9161548
Culture and positive psychology


functioning provided in Western as well as non-Western traditions, including Hinduism, Buddhism, Taoism, Confucianism, and Sufism. These six major domains of difference are as follows: There are different approaches within the field of positive psychology. With the support of numerous sources, Bacon presents the idea that there are two "cultures" in positive psychology, or two different ways to view the positive psychology construct of personal strengths: focus culture and balance culture. In focus culture, individuals are focused on developing and expressing their personal
17509906
Zest (positive psychology)


general. The survey showed that for many of the employees, work was a calling and a satisfaction. Employers can use such information to increase the productivity of their employees by taking zest into consideration. The study found that professionals had the highest zest, while clerical workers and homemakers were the least zestful. Professionals and homemakers viewed their job as a calling, while clerical workers were the least likely to do so. Clerical workers displayed one of the lowest levels of zest because in most instances they viewed their work as a career
5870967
Culture and positive psychology


to avoid negative emotions, but in Eastern communities, some negative emotions are viewed as a virtue. One example of this is that collectivist cultures value shame because they view it as an opportunity to better themselves. So, when Western conceptualizations are applied to Eastern cultures, researchers run the risk of psychological imperialism. How does the culture of consumerism relate to positive psychology? Past research has shown that consumer culture and the pursuit of extrinsic goals leads to diminished well being, in comparison to pursuing intrinsic goals that lead to an increase
17509926
Martin Seligman


Department of Psychology. He was previously the Director of the Clinical Training Program in the department, and earlier taught at Cornell University. He is the director of the university's Positive Psychology Center. Seligman was elected President of the American Psychological Association for 1998. He is the founding editor-in-chief of "Prevention and Treatment" (the APA electronic journal) and is on the board of advisers of "Parents" magazine. Seligman has written about positive psychology topics in books such as "The Optimistic Child",
14373460
Neural binding


unrelated signals that are held separate from one another and integrated signals that must be viewed as a whole. The study of the binding problem in neuroscience stems from the much older psychological study of the binding phenomenon, which has its roots in the ancient philosophical study of the same problems. Today, there is a close interplay between neuroscience and psychology, which is especially relevant to neural binding. Gestalt psychology is a field that has been intertwined with neural binding due to its advances in conceptualizing how the brain views objects, reacts to
4819642
Eliminative materialism


about which aspects of folk psychology will be eliminated from folk psychological vocabulary. None of these philosophers are eliminativists "tout court". Today, the eliminativist view is most closely associated with the philosophers Paul and Patricia Churchland, who deny the existence of propositional attitudes (a subclass of intentional states), and with Daniel Dennett, who is generally considered to be an eliminativist about qualia and phenomenal aspects of consciousness. One way to summarize the difference between the Churchlands's views and Dennett's view is that the Churchlands are eliminativists when
1910641
Sentiment analysis


, separately, psychological research that examined a person's psychological state based on analysis of their verbal behavior. Subsequently, the method described in a patent by Volcani and Fogel, looked specifically at sentiment and identified individual words and phrases in text with respect to different emotional scales. A current system based on their work, called EffectCheck, presents synonyms that can be used to increase or decrease the level of evoked emotion in each scale. Many other subsequent efforts were less sophisticated, using a mere polar view of sentiment, from positive
13205538
The Psychology of Letting Go


In its original American broadcast, "The Psychology of Letting Go" was viewed by an estimated 4.20 million people, with a Nielsen rating of 1.8 in the 18–49 demographic. The episode received generally positive reviews from critics. Cory Barker of TV Overmind gave the episode a B+, saying the episode showed the writers "can tell slightly varied versions of their typical stories without sacrificing the humor. And that’s pretty damn great, if you ask me." Emily VanDerWerff of "The A.V. Club" called the episode "enormously
9938622
Contemplative psychology


he outlines the "contours and the view of contemplative psychology" (p. 4). As Han develops the concept, his first point is to illustrate "a position from which the 'excavation' and 'exposure' of the contemplative psychologies seems possible" (p. 115) and to "make explicit and clarify the nature and position of the psychological "know-how" that contemplative traditions contain" (p. 14) This implied a comparative study of different religious and contemplative traditions in the belief that there was enough in
2111051
Teach the Controversy


are often viewed as pseudoscience. Richard B. Hoppe, holder of a Ph.D. in Experimental Psychology from the University of Minnesota, described the tactic in the following way: With the "Dover" ruling describing "teach the controversy" as "at best disingenuous, and at worst a canard", intelligent design proponents have moved to a fallback position, emphasizing contrived flaws in evolution and overemphasizing remaining questions in the theory what they call the "Critical Analysis of Evolution". The "Critical Analysis of Evolution" strategy is viewed by
7652732
Adele Diamond


the only woman in the top 23) in a list of the 30 most influential neuroscientists alive today. A few months earlier, she received the Urie Bronfenbrenner Award for Lifetime Contributions to Developmental Psychology in the Service of Science and Society from the American Psychological Association. The Bronfenbrenner Award is given to an individual whose work has, over a lifetime career, contributed not only to the science of developmental psychology, but who has also worked to apply developmental psychology to society. In 2009, Diamond was elected as a Fellow of the
365836
Phaedon


they must be immortal. In the "Phaedon", Mendelssohn addresses gaps in earlier versions of this argument (an argument that Kant calls "the Achilles of Rationalist Psychology"). The Phaedon contains an original argument for the simplicity of the soul, and also an original argument that simples cannot suddenly disappear. It contains further original arguments that the soul must retain its rational capacities as long as it exists. Materialistic views were at the time rampant and fashionable, and faith in immortality was at a low ebb. At
21151083
Homosexuality and psychology


Psychiatric Association, the American Psychological Association, the American Psychoanalytic Association, the National Association of Social Workers, the Child Welfare League of America, the North American Council on Adoptable Children, and Canadian Psychological Association (CPA). CPA is concerned that some persons and institutions are misinterpreting the findings of psychological research to support their positions, when their positions are more accurately based on other systems of belief or values. The vast majority of families in the United States today are not the "middle-class family with a bread-
18576895
Psychological and sociological effects of spaceflight


Earth becomes an insignificant bluish-green dot in the heavens, the so-called Earth-out-of-view phenomenon. From the surface of Mars, there will be two-way communication delays with family and friends back home of up to 44 minutes, as well as low-bandwidth communication channels, adding to the sense of isolation. From June 2010 to November 2011, a unique ground-based space analog study took place that was called the Mars 500 Program. Mars 500 was designed to simulate a 520-day
21602653
Neville Symington


elements in psychology. Symington declared that "[Psychoanalysis] is a natural religion but not a revealed one", its goal of arriving at the depressive position being an inherently moral one. His distinction has been followed up by many analysts who take a positive view of religion in a Winnicottian tradition. Others, however, consider that Symington's search for a positive interrelationship between psychoanalysis and religion leads inevitably to a certain moralism – psychoanalysis being what Adam Phillips called "a moral enterprise...that has to work hard not to become
19819961
Religious views on masturbation


Due to this cultural change across the spectrum, even theological reassessments of masturbation as a positive sexual practice were possible – though, admittedly, rare." A 2016 "Psychology Today" article stated that the more religious people are, the more likely they are to restrict their sexual fantasies, have fewer sex partners, use less pornography and express stronger disapproval of the use of sex toys. The biblical story of Onan (Gen. 38) is traditionally linked to referring to masturbation and condemnation thereof, but the sexual act described by
3116041
Satoshi Kanazawa


"". Nanjala Nyabola, writing in The Guardian, dismissed Kanazawa's claims as a "racist nonsense". She also warned of growing concern over Psychology Today's position, at the time, regarding issue, also expressed by various academics and numerous public intellectuals, among them publication's own authors, such as Mikhail Lyubansky, who criticized publication noting that ""extraordinary claims (especially those that hurt and damage marginalized groups) require extraordinary evidence and editorial oversight"". Similarly, Christopher Ryan criticized Kanazawa's views and
5376908
Culture and positive psychology


that there are two different cultures, or schools of thought, within positive psychology. These two cultures reflect a new way to categorize strengths (Bacon, 2005). There are two main approaches to cross-cultural positive psychology. One perspective, termed 'culturally-free' believes that there are numerous human strengths that are valued universally, and that the pursuit of happiness is common across cultures. Proponents of this side view their approach as descriptive and objective, claiming its results "transcend particular cultures and politics and approach universality
17509908
Jon Krosnick


the candidate at the first encounter, their opinion was difficult to change later on. In fact, Krosnick's studies show that people become more resistant to changing their views as they learn more and more about a candidate. At the start of a campaign, most candidates are viewed in a mildly positive light. After presenting their positions, impressions of candidates solidify and information gained earlier in the campaign tends to have a greater impact. Krosnick calls this model the "asymmetrical" model of voting behavior. This suggests that the current
4541772
Coaching psychology


Coaching psychology is a field of applied psychology that applies psychological theories and concepts to the practice of coaching. Its aim is to increase performance, achievement and well-being in individuals, teams and organisations by utilising evidence-based methods grounded in scientific research. Coaching psychology is influenced by theories in various psychological fields, such as humanistic psychology, positive psychology, learning theory and social psychology. Coaching psychology formally began as psychological sub-discipline in 2000 when the first "coaching psychology" course was offered at the University of Sydney
10201561
J. F. A. McManus


his earlier discovery, McManus accepted a teaching position at Indiana University. He was a pioneer in the combined M.D. / PhD. program there until 1965. Through this period, his work was pivotal to the development of a number of MD-PhD graduates, many of whom hold important academic positions today. While at Indiana he wrote The Fundamental Ideas of Medicine: a Brief History of Medicine. Written from a philosophical point of view, this text is still much sought after. This experience in medical' education also brought to fruition
20538381
Hazard Run


it would be nicer (and preferable psychologically) to hear something different as a reward for making the jump." Bang concluded that the game "is just a bit too primitive for today's market and will be of interest mostly to neophytes and young children." Ted Salamone of "Electronic Games" called the game "well conceived" but "poorly executed." Salamone criticized the game's "sloppy play action" and wrote that the graphics "finish in first and last place. Some (the overhead view of
8933208
Culture and positive psychology


weaknesses. Snyder claims that it is important to understand the cross section of positive psychology and culture, because it allows one to not only understand people within a culture but it also enables one to appreciate people from different cultures. Snyder outlines two schools of thought in the positive psychology field that pertain to how we should view strengths within a cultural context: culture-free and the culturally embedded perspective. Those ascribing to the culture-free perspective believe that strengths are not affected by culture and that there are universal strengths. The
17509914
Zest (positive psychology)


of zest involves performing tasks wholeheartedly, whilst also being adventurous, vivacious and energetic. It discourages the focus on the negative views of psychology. It embraces a notion that one must observe people that "live well" in order to truly understand positive psychology. (For example, a Buddhist monk would be a preferred subject of observation compared to a college student.) Zestful people simply enjoy things more than people low in zestfulness. Zest is a positive trait reflecting a person's approach to life with anticipation, energy, enthusiasm
5870961
On the Edge: Political Cults Right and Left


play some kind of progressive role in wider society." In the same review, however, Pitt stated that in the case of one leftist group profiled in the book, his own former WRP, "there are grounds for viewing it as a type of cult. It featured a ruthlessly authoritarian internal regime presided over by an all-powerful, all-knowing leader, who maintained his position by subjecting cadres to psychological manipulation and physical and sexual abuse." Pitt also termed the Lyndon LaRouche organization an "actual cult.
16175720
Beatrice Wright (psychologist)


Program. Wright utilized her time in Australia to complete her seminal work on disability and psychology, Physical Disability—A Psychological Approach, which would be published in 1960. This work is considered the introduction of disability as a social issue in the field of psychology and its impact continues even today as it has been canonized by the APA as an outstanding twentieth century publication in psychology. This is one way in which Lewin's influence is prominent as she drew heavily from his view of social psychology that all differences in physical appearance provoked
17024663
Baltic Shipping Company v Dillon


"Conclusion: the respondent cannot recover the fare and damages for breach of contract" 30. The old forms of action cannot provide the answer today. But, in my view, "Walstab v Spottiswoode" and the earlier cases support the view expressed by Corbin and Treitel that full damages and complete restitution will not be given for the same breach of contract. There are several reasons. First, restitution of the contractual consideration removes, at least notionally, the basis on which the plaintiff is entitled to call on
14920232
Positive organizational behavior


Positive Organizational Behavior (POB) is defined as "the study and application of positively oriented human resource strengths and psychological capacities that can be measured, developed, and effectively managed for performance improvement in today’s workplace" (Luthans, 2002a, p. 59). For a positive psychological capacity to qualify for inclusion in POB, it must be positive and must have extensive theory and research foundations and valid measures. In addition, it must be state like, which would make it open to development and manageable for performance improvement.
11154595
Second-wave positive psychology


psychology, the bio-behavioral dual-system model of adaptation, and cross-cultural positive psychology. Thus, PP 2.0 provides a big tent that allows for multiple indigenous positive psychologies and a much broader list of variables that contribute to well-being and flourishing. PP 2.0 is necessary, because neither positive psychology nor humanistic-existential psychology can adequately understand such complex human phenomena as meaning, virtue, and happiness. Such deep knowledge can only be achieved by an integrative and collaborative endeavor. This calls for a humble science
13463057
Cliveden


on a turquoise ground contains carvings of hares, pheasants, hunting dogs and rifles. The console tables and buffet were made in 1900 to match the room. The main dining room of the house until the 1980s, today it is a private dining room with views over the Parterre and Thames. The second largest room on the ground floor, after the Great Hall, was the original drawing room which today is used as the hotel's main dining room and also has river views. Also on the ground floor is the library
16196127
Culture and positive psychology


ways explaining the ways in which these cultures operate. Different cultures can operate together, rather than being seen as conflicting (it is not "me vs. we"). There has been a recent effort by researchers to explore how concepts of Positive Psychology differ between cultures, as well as how culture influences how individuals view the good life. For example, Snyder's chapter (2009) explores the way in which culture affects positive psychology. More specifically, Snyder acknowledges the fact that culture impacts individual's understanding of strengths and
17509913
Coaching psychology


Review" (since 2006). "Coaching Psychology International" (since 2009) is published by International Society of Coaching Psychology. The humanistic approach to psychology is regarded as a large contributor to coaching psychology. Both humanistic and coaching psychology share the common view of the human as "self-actualising". That is, whenever given the opportunity, humans will seize the capacity to improve themselves. Coaching psychology looks at this development as a process consisting of concrete positive changes in one's life. Furthermore, this process of
10201567
View camera


a) below (images are upside down, as a photographer would see them on the ground glass of a view camera), the lens is in the “normal” position. Notice that much of the unwanted foreground is included, but not the top of the tower. In Figure b), the lens has been shifted up: the top of the tower is now inside the area captured on film, at the sacrifice of unwanted green foreground. Moving the front standard left or right from its normal position is called
3553139
Chandrakirti


came to call the Uma Thelgyur () school, an approach to the interpretation of Madhyamaka philosophy typically back-translated into Sanskrit as  or rendered in English as the "Consequentialist" or "Dialecticist" school. In his writings Chandrakirti defended Buddhapālita against Bhāviveka, criticizing the latter's acceptance of autonomous syllogism. He also offered refutations of a number of earlier Buddhist views such as the Vijñānavāda or Yogācāra school. He also attacked the views of the school of Dignāga for attempting to ground their epistemology on foundational propositions. Chandrakirti's works
14854283
Indian psychology


, and with special emphasis on applications that foster the positive transformation of human conditions toward achievement and well-being. Indian psychology views itself as complementary to modern psychology, capable of expanding modern psychology's limits, and capable of being integrated with many of parts of modern psychology. Other scholarly and scientific fields that are relevant to Indian psychology and often partly overlap with it include modern scientific psychology, neurophysiology, consciousness studies, and Indian philosophy and religion. Major books in Indian psychology define the field as pertaining to the study of
20000813
Prisons in Ukraine


era pioneer camps than for addressing routine problems of the CF, its staff and inmates. The order in fact banished the psychological service as a separate unit. Now it will constitute a part of the social-psychological service, with no substantial changes involved. The policy of lowering the standards of psychological support in the CF is another reason for concern. Earlier only a person with higher psychological or pedagogical education could be hired as psychologist, while now this responsible position, which requires deep knowledge of psychology and pedagogical sciences, is
21251097
Evolutionary developmental psychology


shaping human behavior (see Standard social science model). One group of developmental psychologists who have embraced evolutionary perspectives are nativists, who argue than infants possess innate cognitive mechanisms (or modules) which allow them to acquire crucial information, such as language (for a prominent example, see universal grammar). Evolutionary developmental psychology can be viewed as a more focused theoretical framework derived from the larger field of evolutionary psychology (EP). Mainstream evolutionary psychology grew out of earlier movements which applied the principles of evolutionary biology to understand the
11835297
Carlo Strenger


a reasonably based world-view can give Homo Globalis a stable sense of meaning and identity. "The Fear of Insignificance" has been translated into a number of languages including French, Italian, Portuguese and Korean. Strenger writes on the topic of The Fear of Insignificance in a blog called "Homo Globalis" at "Psychology Today", and has given extensive interviews on the topic. Strenger has been interested in modern Jewish identity, particularly in modern Jewish Universalism, and has written about it in a variety of publications.
1579109
Positive psychological capital


efficiently and to believe in a better future. PsyCap and positive emotions are examples of how personal factors facilitate organizational change. Positive change is defined as every change that the organization undergoes for its own benefit and has more positive psychological and behavioral consequences than negative ones. The role of positive emotions is that they help workers cope with the organizational change by broadening their point of view, encourage open decision making and giving them essential vitality for their coping. This interaction means that PsyCap, through positive emotions, influences the worker's attitudes
4926593
Positive psychological capital


to the test – they have to learn new ways of behavior and be confident to do so, recover from the crisis, be motivated to cope efficiently and to believe in a better future. PsyCap and positive emotions are examples of how personal factors facilitate organizational change. Positive change is defined as every change that the organization undergoes for its own benefit and has more positive psychological and behavioral consequences than negative ones. The role of positive emotions is that they help workers cope with the organizational change by broadening their point of view,
4926582
Cognitive psychology


the field of cognitive psychology and many of his principles have been blended with modern theory to synthesize the predominant views of today. Modern theories of education have applied many concepts that are focal points of cognitive psychology. Some of the most prominent concepts include: Cognitive therapeutic approaches have received considerable attention in the treatment of personality disorders in recent years. The approach focuses on the formation of what it believes to be faulty schemata, centralized on judgmental biases and general cognitive errors. The line between cognitive psychology and cognitive science can be blurry
6232101
Grit (personality trait)


interest (passion) as one of the aspects of grit, as defined by Duckworth et al. Grit also ties in with positive psychology and in particular, with perseverance. As mentioned earlier, the ability to stick with and pursue a goal over a long period is an important aspect of grit. This area of positive psychology has been interested in the process of perseverance as a positive indicator of long term success. A 2014 study by Von Culin, Tsukayama and Duckworth found that individual differences in grit and its two component facets
22133522
Melanie Klein


in domination the depressive position. This is considered by many to be her great contribution to psychoanalytic thought. She later developed her ideas about an earlier developmental psychological state corresponding to the disintegrating tendency of life, which she called the paranoid-schizoid position. Klein's insistence on regarding aggression as an important force in its own right when analysing children brought her into conflict with Freud's daughter Anna Freud, who was one of the other prominent child psychotherapists in continental Europe but who moved to London in 1938 where Klein had been working
192071
Christian views on the Old Covenant


, an obscure branch of Calvinism known as Christian Reconstructionism argued that the civil laws as well as the moral laws should be applied in today's society (a position called Theonomy) as part of establishing a modern theonomic state. This view is a break from the traditional Reformed position, including that of John Calvin and the Puritans, which holds that the civil laws have been abrogated though they remain useful as guidance and revelation of God's character. Some theonomists go further and embrace the idea that the whole Law continues to function
18269066
David Cooperrider


and management theory is significant. His work at Case Western Reserve University in the early 1980s on Appreciative Inquiry anticipated and helped bring about today's positive psychology movement, strengths-based leadership models, and positive organizational scholarship (POS). Kim S. Cameron, Robert Quinn and Jane Dutton called Appreciative Inquiry “a pillar.” Management scholar Robert Quinn, in a 2000 book "Change the World" declared that “Appreciative Inquiry is revolutionizing the field of organization development.” Nobel Laureate Kofi Annan, likewise, wrote these words
7613920
Positive disintegration


The theory of positive disintegration (TPD) by Kazimierz Dąbrowski is a theory of personality development. Unlike mainstream psychology, Dąbrowski's theoretical framework views psychological tension and anxiety as necessary for growth. These "disintegrative" processes are therefore seen as "positive", whereas people who fail to go through positive disintegration may remain for their entire lives in a state of "primary integration", lacking true individuality. Advancing into disintegration and into the higher levels of development is predicated on having developmental potential, including overexcitabilities, above-average
20653157
Psychology


of neuro-psychoanalysis today defend some of Freud's ideas on scientific grounds, while scholars of the humanities maintain that Freud was not a "scientist at all, but ... an interpreter". Humanistic psychology developed in the 1950s as a movement within academic psychology, in reaction to both behaviorism and psychoanalysis. The humanistic approach sought to glimpse the whole person, not just fragmented parts of the personality or isolated cognitions. Humanism focused on uniquely human issues, such as free will, personal growth, self-actualization, self-
3089000
Henri Tajfel


, prejudice and stereotyping, and organizational psychology. Henri Tajfel's influence on social psychology, especially in Britain and Europe, continues to be significant. His influence has reached beyond his particular views on social identity and social judgement, as he had a wide vision of creating a social psychology that was genuinely social and was engaged with broader issues. Too much social psychology was, in his view, trivial and based on what he called "experiments in a vacuum". Tajfel thought that social psychologists should seek to address serious social
7245721
Gaia philosophy


the undeniable statement that the organisms on the Earth have radically altered its composition. A stronger position is that the Earth's biosphere effectively acts as if it is a self-organizing system which works in such a way as to keep its systems in some kind of equilibrium that is conducive to life. Today many scientists consider that such a view (and any stronger views) are unlikely to be correct. An even stronger claim is that all lifeforms are part of a single planetary being, called Gaia. In this view,
12022170
Ronde Lutherse Kerk


tunnel was built by the neighboring Sonesta Hotel, today called the Renaissance Amsterdam Hotel, for its own access. The hotel rents the church from the Lutheran church which is still the owner today. In 1983 the church was closed for restoration, but in 1993 the dome caught fire; the church was again restored. The church is not open to the public, but interested persons may request to view it at the Renaissance hotel. A security guard accompanies visitors through the underground tunnel to the church where the ground floor of the
15707958
David A. Verhaagen


psychology practice in Charlotte, NC and Nashville, TN. He is board-certified in Child and Adolescent Clinical Psychology by the American Board of Professional Psychology and is a Fellow of both The American Board of Clinical Psychology and The American Board of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology. He has been cited several times in USA Today and Newsweek. As an author, Verhaagen has written on a range of topics, including parenting, violence risk, and therapeutic processes. His writings are unified by a focus on the positive, resiliency-
4715338
Job interview


embarrassment. In addition, if the disability is disclosed after being hired, employers may feel deceived by the new hire and reactions could be less positive than would have been in the interview. If applicants want to disclose their disability during the interview, research shows that a disclosure and/or discussion earlier in the interview approach may afford them some positive interview effects. The positive effects, however, are preceded by the interviewers perception of the applicants’ psychological well-being. That is, when the interviewer perceives the applicant is psychologically well
22072175
Marc Ian Barasch


movement which, ignored by mainstream media at the time, has become a driving force in American society. Barasch, a practicing Buddhist, spoke of an "emergent civilization" whose spiritual and environmental values would inform social, economic, and political practice. At the same time, Barasch wrote skeptically of what he called "new-age Calvinism" and of what he viewed as the woolly-mindedness of some of his cohorts. Barasch went on to edit other national publications ("Psychology Today", "Natural Health"
2551306
High ground


military leaders are advised to take high ground and let the enemy try to attack from a lower position. Fighting from an elevated position is said to be easier for a number of tactical reasons. Holding the high ground offers an elevated vantage point with a wide field of view, enabling surveillance of the surrounding landscape, in contrast to valleys which offer a limited field of view. General Ji Ling of the late Eastern Han Dynasty used this principle to his advantage by sending lookouts to positions of higher-ground to scout for and
12600944
Douglas Vakoch


, a master's degree in history and philosophy of science from the University of Notre Dame, and a PhD in psychology from Stony Brook University. He completed a postdoctoral fellowship at Vanderbilt University before he accepted a position at the SETI Institute in Mountain View, California. Vakoch argues that in order to make contact, humankind may need to take the initiative in transmitting, a project called active SETI. He has been called "a prominent voice in favor of active SETI," "the most prominent METI [messaging to extraterrestrial
1160503
Archetypal psychology


anthropological, and transcend the empirical world of time and place, and are not phenomenal. On the contrary, Archetypal psychology views archetypes to always be phenomenal. Henry Corbin, a French scholar and philosopher, is the second father of archetypal psychology. Corbin created the idea of the existence of the "mundus imaginalis" which is a distinct field of imaginable realities and offers an ontological mode of location of archetypes of the psyche. The mundus imaginalis provided an evaluative and cosmic grounding for archetypes. The second contribution Corbin made to the
17003968
British Cemetery of Funchal


However, from 1772 onward, British interests in Madeira secured a burial ground, called the Nation´s Burial Ground, close to the original city walls of Funchal. The site of this earlier cemetery is taken up by a small public square and car showrooms today. All remains and headstones etc were moved in 1890 to an extensive adjoining plot, which incorporates a British military cemetery (dating from 1808) and chapel (1865 onwards). Although named the British Cemetery and administered by the Anglican church of the Holy Trinity (an example
18760321
Allan Wicker


for significant contributions to ecological psychology and for a widely cited paper on the attitude-behavior relationship. His "Introduction to Ecological Psychology" (1979) was praised by reviewers for providing a readable and personal account of the empirical and theoretical works of ecological psychologists. One reviewer noted these contributions of the text: connection of ecological psychology with other specialties in psychology and with related disciplines, revision of traditional positions that Wicker viewed as unnecessarily restrictive, and "development of original, constructive advances within the [ecological psychology] framework"
179115
Psychology of self


The psychology of self is the study of either the cognitive, conative or affective representation of one's identity, or the subject of experience. The earliest formulation of the self in modern psychology derived from the distinction between the self as "I," the subjective knower, and the self as "Me", the object that is known. Current views of the self in psychology position the self as playing an integral part in human motivation, cognition, affect, and social identity. It may be the case that we
5748877
Alexander Bain


James calls his work the "last word" of the earlier stage of psychology, but he was in reality the pioneer of the new. Subsequent psycho-physical investigations "have all been in" the spirit of his work; and although he consistently advocated the introspective method in psychological investigation, he was among the first to appreciate the help that may be given to it by social psychology, comparative psychology and developmental psychology. He may justly claim the merit of having guided the awakened psychological interest of British thinkers of the second
13605043
Descriptive psychology


actions and worlds the principles that govern consciousness change. The formulation is used to address (1) how consciousness arises, (2) the physical basis for consciousness, (3) the rigorous but non-reductionist scientific study of consciousness, and (4) the possibility of computer-based consciousness." "This paper, grounded in an intellectual framework known as Descriptive Psychology, will have the following structure. First, I will articulate more formally the mainstream point of view and program of contemporary cognitive psychology regarding underlying cognitive
13877096
LGBT parenting


Hicks' view: In a 2006 statement the Canadian Psychological Association released an updated statement on their 2003 and 2005 conclusions, saying, "The CPA recognizes and appreciates that persons and institutions are entitled to their opinions and positions on this issue. However, CPA is concerned that some persons and institutions are mis-interpreting the findings of psychological research to support their positions, when their positions are more accurately based on other systems of belief or values." Several professional organizations have noted that studies which opponents of LGBT parenting claim as
2981662
Prisons in Ukraine


“On approving the provisions regulating the operation of social-educational and psychological service of the correctional facilities” # 33 of 17.03.2000. The very availability of the Order (instead of just its fragment, which was the case earlier) is a positive development. But the act itself cannot bring any positive changes into the practical operation. No tangible changes are envisaged in the operation of the social and psychological service. For the reasons unknown the order did not approve a special provision on the methodological and educational council of CF,
21251094
Mental health


includes concepts based upon anthropological, educational, psychological, religious and sociological perspectives, as well as theoretical perspectives from personality, social, clinical, health and developmental psychology. The tripartite model of mental well-being views mental well-being as encompassing three components of emotional well-being, social well-being, and psychological well-being. Emotional well-being is defined as having high levels of positive emotions, whereas social and psychological well-being are defined as the presence of psychological and social skills and abilities that
12350835
Infrared atmospheric sounding interferometer


(or effective) field of view (EFOV) is defined as the useful field of view at each scan position. Each such element consists of a 2×2 circular pixel matrix of what is called instantaneous fields of view (IFOV). Each of the four pixels projected on the ground is circular and has a diameter of 12 km at nadir. The shape of the IFOV at the edge of the scan line is no longer circular: across track, it measures 39 km and along track, 20 km. Lastly, the
8989495
Castillo del Príncipe (Havana)


allow communication with all the outposts and most remote positions of the castle. The position of Castillo del Príncipe allowed a broad view of the city, to the remains of the old city wall, from Campus Martius. The fort overlooked Avenue Carlos III (today officially called Avenue Salvador Allende), which led to the house of rest and recreation of the Captains General, called Quinta de los Molinos. The fort was built during the surge of military construction in Cuba, after the end of the Capture of Havana by the British
22128143
Walt Odets


Walt Odets (born February 4, 1947) is a clinical psychologist and author who has written about the early development, psychological and social experiences of gay men and their communities. His earlier writing focused on the lives of men living in and surviving the early AIDS epidemic. The spring 1996 issue of "Positive Impact Journal" called Odets "an important voice in the AIDS education and prevention arena." Odets's 1995 study, "In the Shadow of the Epidemic: Being HIV-Negative in the Age of AIDS"
2280110
Marilyn Price-Mitchell


child and adolescent development, education, and positive psychology. She authors the column "The Moment of Youth" for "Psychology Today" and is a blogger for Edutopia, a web resource for educators provided by the George Lucas Educational Foundation. Her writing has been featured in "The Henry Ford Magazine" and she has been interviewed on the topic of youth development by podcasters. She has been quoted or covered in various media outlets including "NBC News", "Today", "Parents.com", "Modern Mom"
3880393
Views on Ramakrishna


the perspective of a devotee, Kelley Ann Raab's 1995 work — "Is There Anything Transcendent about Transcendence? A Philosophical and Psychological Study of Sri Ramakrishna", focuses upon Ramakrishna from both a philosophical perspective and a psychoanalytic perspective. The study argues that neither a purely psychological explanation nor a solely philosophical account of his visions is adequate to understand his madness or his godliness, but that together psychology and philosophy can deepen our understanding of Ramakrishna and find a common meeting ground. Raab argues that, In 1991, Sudhir Kakar wrote
16124296
Splitting (psychology)


Splitting (also called black-and-white thinking or all-or-nothing thinking) is the failure in a person's thinking to bring together the dichotomy of both positive and negative qualities of the self and others into a cohesive, realistic whole. It is a common defense mechanism. The individual tends to think in extremes (i.e., an individual's actions and motivations are "all" good or "all" bad with no middle ground). Splitting was first described by Ronald Fairbairn in his formulation of object
16494602