which colony passed a 1647 law requiring every town to support a public school
High school (North America)


Bay Colony was able to pass a law to require parents to make sure that their children were able to read, which required some form of elementary education. In 1647, Massachusetts again passed a law that required communities to establish some type of public schooling system. Elementary schools were to be formed in every town with 50 or more families, and every town with at least 100 families would have to provide a Latin Grammar School. Over a century later in 1779, Thomas Jefferson proposed the opening of new secondary schools to provide
19415843
Compulsory education


means of enforcement where required. In the United States, following Luther and other Reformers, the Separatist Congregationalists who founded Plymouth Colony in 1620, obliged parents to teach their children how to read and write. The Massachusetts School Laws, three legislative acts enacted in the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1642, 1647, and 1648, are commonly regarded as the first steps toward compulsory education in the United States. The 1647 law, in particular, required every town having more than 50 families to hire a teacher, and every town of
3036689
Massachusetts School Laws


's and apprentices' ability to read and write, stressing education rather than schooling. However, its implementation appears to have been somewhat neglected. Probably in response to this, the 1647 law was enacted by the Massachusetts General Court to impel the towns of the colony to found, operate and fund schools. The 1647 legislation specifically framed ignorance as a Satanic ill to be circumvented through the education of the country's young people. It required every town having more than 50 families to hire a teacher, and every town of more
8035935
Ralph Wheelock


duty. Wheelock was one of eight "living stones" that formed the First Church and Parish in Dedham. On 1 February 1644 a Dedham town meeting voted for the first free (public) school in Massachusetts, to be supported by town taxes. Ralph Wheelock was the first teacher at this school, and hence the first tax-supported public school teacher in the colonies. Three years later, in 1647, the General Court decreed that every town with 50 or more families must build a school supported by public taxes.
19239273
History of Dedham, Massachusetts, 1635–1792


every latecomer half an hour after the meeting had begun, only 74 percent of those eligible actually showed up at the typical town meeting between 1636 and 1644." A colony law required all voters to be Church members until 1647, though it may not have been enforced. Even if it were, 70% of the men in town would have been eligible to participate. The law changed in 1647 and, as it was interpreted in Dedham, all men over 24 were eligible to vote. The colony added a new requirement
19563658
West Springfield, Massachusetts


, Feeding Hills (1800), and Holyoke ("North Parish" or "Ireland Parish" named for early Irish settlers John and Mary Riley; 1786). The Massachusetts Bay Colony passed a law in 1647 requiring the construction of a public school in any town with 50 or more families. In 1706 after two years of petitioning, west side residents were granted funds for the construction of a school (though west side students might have been home-schooled before that time). In 1707, the west side parish
16412233
Education in the Thirteen Colonies


favored. Educational opportunities were much sparser in the rural South. The Puritans valued education, both for the sake of religious study (they demanded a great deal of Bible reading) and for the sake of citizens who could participate better in town meetings. A 1647 Massachusetts law mandated that every town of 50 or more families support a 'petty' (elementary) school and every town of 100 or more families support a Latin, or grammar, school where a few boys could learn Latin in preparation for college and the ministry
5859414
Massachusetts School Laws


The Massachusetts School Laws were three legislative acts of 1642, 1647 and 1648 enacted in the Massachusetts Bay Colony. The most famous by far is the law of 1647, also known as the Old Deluder Satan Law (after the law's first sentence) and The General School Law of 1642. These laws are commonly regarded as the historical first step toward compulsory government-directed public education in the United States of America. Shortly after they passed, similar laws were enacted in the other New England colonies. Most mid-Atlantic
8035933
Board of education


that administered education in the United Kingdom before the foundation of the Ministry of Education was formerly called the Board of Education. The American board of education traces its origins back to 1647, with the formation of the first American public school system, the Massachusetts Bay Colony mandated that every town establish a public school within its jurisdiction. Committees sprang up to run the institutions, and in the 1820s the state of Massachusetts required such committees to be independent of local governments, establishing the current model for the autonomous school districts that exist throughout
6374008
Town meeting


and General Court declared that final authority on bylaws rested with town meetings, and not selectmen. Two years later, in 1694, the General Court took authority to appoint assessors from selectmen and gave it to town meetings. An act of the colonial legislature gave town meetings the right to elect their own moderators in 1715, but this had already been in practice for several years in towns such as Dedham. A colony law required all voters to be Church members until 1647, though it may not have been enforced. The law
6675879
Grammar school


. Grammar schools on the English and later British models were founded during the colonial period, the first being the Boston Latin School, founded as the Latin Grammar School in 1635. In 1647 the Massachusetts Bay Colony enacted the Old Deluder Satan Law, requiring any township of at least 100 households to establish a grammar school, and similar laws followed in the other New England colonies. These schools initially taught young men the classical languages as a preparation for university, but by the mid-18th century many had broadened their curricula to include practical
21453227
French law on colonialism


The 23 February 2005 French law on colonialism (, "Law No. 2005-158 of 23 February 2005 regarding recognition of the Nation and national contribution in favour of the French repatriates") was an act passed by the National Assembly, which imposed on high-school ("lycée") teachers a requirement to teach the "positive values" of colonialism to their students (Article 4, Paragraph 2). The law, particularly the aforementioned paragraph and Articles 1 and 13, created a public uproar and drew massive
5675985
Puritans


time when the literacy rate in England was less than 30 percent, the Puritan leaders of colonial New England believed children should be educated for both religious and civil reasons, and they worked to achieve universal literacy. In 1642, Massachusetts required heads of households to teach their wives, children and servants basic reading and writing so that they could read the Bible and understand colonial laws. In 1647, the government required all towns with 50 or more households to hire a teacher and towns of 100 or more households to hire a grammar
4463895
Erin Merryn


Erin Merryn (born February 2, 1985) is the author of "Stolen Innocence, Living for Today, and An Unimaginable Act". She is an activist against child sexual abuse. She is the founder of Erin's Law, which requires public schools to teach children personal body safety on the prevention of child sexual abuse. It is the first law passed in the US requiring sexual abuse prevention education taught to students in school every year. Erin's Law has been passed in 35 U.S. states. Erin worked with US
17200021
John Clarke (Baptist minister)


to King James outlining the case for religious tolerance, and it was instrumental in shaping public opinion and generating support for a charter for the Rhode Island colony. William Coddington was unhappy with the colonial patent that Roger Williams had obtained in 1643, and he was resistant to consolidating the four settlements into the unified Colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations, which ultimately came about in 1647 as a result of the patent. He wanted colonial independence for the two island towns of Newport and Portsmouth, and decided to go to England to
21195071
History of the Puritans in North America


in the early modern world", with about 60 percent of New England able to read. At a time when the literacy rate in England was less than 30 percent, the Puritan leaders of colonial New England believed children should be educated for both religious and civil reasons, and they worked to achieve universal literacy. In 1642, Massachusetts required heads of households to teach their wives, children and servants basic reading and writing so that they could read the Bible and understand colonial laws. In 1647, the government required all towns
17804614
Geanie Morrison


establish a taxpayer-funded breakfast program for public schools; the measure passed the House, 73-58. She supported legislation to provide marshals for school security as a separate law-enforcement entity. She supported the requirement of immunization of minors without parental consent, a measure which the House approved, 71-61. She supported the law to extend the franchise tax exemption to certain businesses. Morrison voted to prohibit texting while driving. She voted to require testing for narcotics of those receiving unemployment compensation. She voted against the
9517042
Compulsory education


States. The Education (Scotland) Act 1872 made elementary education compulsory for the first time for all children aged between 5 and 13. The existing parish and burgh schools were taken over by the state and managed by locally elected School Boards. In 1852, Massachusetts was the first U.S. state to pass a contemporary universal public education law. In particular, the Massachusetts General Court required every town to create and operate a grammar school. Fines were imposed on parents who did not send their children to school, and the government took
3036695
Town meeting


changed in 1647 requiring voters to be above 24 years of age. The colony added a new requirement that a man must own taxable property of at least 20 pounds in 1658, and increased that sum to 80 pounds in 1670. The 1670 law had a grandfather clause allowing all those who previously were qualified to keep the franchise. In 1691, the property requirement was lowered back to 20 pounds. In provincial elections, only church members could vote. The number continued to fall from there. While in many respects Massachusetts society
6675880
Firefighting in the United States


rating of the cord (Dunston, 2008, p. 2). Firefighting in the United States can be traced back to the 17th century when, after a great conflagration in Boston in 1631, the Massachusetts Bay Colony passed a law banning smoking in public places. New Amsterdam established the colonies' first firefighting system in 1647. Fire wardens inspected the houses and chimneys, fining for potential hazard. An eight-man team called a rattle watch patrolled the streets at night. When a fire was detected, they shook wooden rattles
17078314
Montgomery High School (New Jersey)


across the state. Schooldigger.com ranked the school 39th out of 381 public high schools statewide in its 2011 rankings (a decrease of 7 positions from the 2010 ranking) which were based on the combined percentage of students classified as proficient or above proficient on the mathematics (93.3%) and language arts literacy (98.1%) components of the High School Proficiency Assessment (HSPA). New Jersey State law requires that every student pass the High School Proficiency Assessment (HSPA) and successfully complete the following graduation requirements: In addition,
9827543
History of the Malay language


were followed by many others in Malay states of the peninsular. This development generated the writings of text books for schools, in addition to the publication of reference materials such as Malay dictionaries and grammar books. Apart from that, an important position was given towards the use of Malay in British administration, which requires every public servant in service to pass the special examination in Malay language as a condition for a confirmed post, as gazetted in "Straits Government Gazette 1859". In Indonesia, the Dutch colonial government recognised the Melaka
630514
Ambulatory school


An ambulatory school () was a Norwegian educational institution that was established after the first Norwegian school law was passed in 1739. In places where it was not possible to gather students in a schoolroom, the teachers traveled around to teach. The Public Rural Schools Act ("Lov om almueskolevæsenet") of 1860 required the municipalities to establish permanent schools that would replace ambulatory schools. The 1739 law established the foundation for Norway's first public schools. In towns, schools were established for commoners and for the poor. In rural
1954154
Susan King (Texas politician)


program for public schools; the measure passed the House, 73-58. She supported legislation to provide marshals for school security as a separate law-enforcement entity. She co-sponsored the successful bill to extend the franchise tax exemption to certain businesses. She also co-sponsored the bill to prohibit texting while driving, which passed the House, 97-45. She voted to require testing for narcotics of those receiving unemployment compensation. She backed the "equal pay for women" measure, which passed the House,
10812074
Craig Goldman


program for public schools; the measure passed the House, 73-58. He supported legislation to provide marshals for school security as a separate law-enforcement entity. Goldman co-sponsored the successful bill to extend the franchise tax exemption to certain businesses. He voted against adoption of the biennial state budget, which passed in the House, 118-29. Goldman voted against the bill to prohibit texting while driving, which nevertheless passed the House, 97-45. He voted to require testing for narcotics of those individuals
11632467
Linda Harper-Brown


the bill to establish a taxpayer-funded breakfast program for public schools; the measure passed the House, 73-58. She supported legislation to provide marshals for school security as a separate law-enforcement entity. She co-sponsored the successful bill to extend the franchise tax exemption to certain businesses. Harper-Brown supported the bill to prohibit texting while driving, which passed the House, 97-45. She voted to require testing for narcotics of those receiving unemployment compensation. She against the "equal pay for women
10433037
Marsha Farney


of abortion providers. Despite those high-profile votes, Texas Right to Life rated her only 44 percent favorable. Farney did not vote on the taxpayer-funded breakfast program for public schools; the measure passed the House, 73-58. She co-sponsored legislation to provide marshals for school security as a separate law-enforcement entity. She supported the requirement of immunization of minors without parental consent, a measure which the House approved, 71-61. She supported the law to extend the franchise tax exemption to
8834855
Bethel Township, Delaware County, Pennsylvania


on a lot on Bethel Road East of Booth's Corner and was later known as public school No. 1. In 1834, the Pennsylvania Public School Act was passed by the General Assembly of the Commonwealth. The law required that every township, borough and city in the state provide a school for its children. Since Bethel Township already had a subscription school, the school was converted into a public school. The first school inspectors appointed for Bethel were Robert McCall and John Larkin. In 1839, a one-story octoganal
8291006
Advance healthcare directive


legislative support. The most recent result was the Patient Self-Determination Act of 1990, which attempted to address this awareness problem by requiring health care institutions to better promote and support the use of advance directives. Living wills proved to be very popular, and by 2007, 41% of Americans had completed a living will. In response to public needs, state legislatures soon passed laws in support of living wills in virtually every state in the union. However, as living wills began to be better recognized, key deficits were
4636590
Sturm College of Law


U.S. News & World Report". According to the 2014 U.S. News Peer Reputation Rankings the University of Denver Sturm College of Law currently ranks 55th in the nation out of 194 ranked law schools. The school was ranked 40th for public interest law by the "National Jurist". To support this initiative, the Sturm College of Law offers the Chancellor's Scholar Program with full tuition scholarships awarded to selected students . Every Juris Doctor student is required to perform a minimum of 50 hours of supervised, uncompensated, law-related public
8009434
English public school football games


that organised football games in the 17th century were not confined to English Schools. (An earlier description of goals, defending goals and passing the ball comes from Carew's account of Cornish Hurling). The next specific mention of football at public schools can be found in a Latin poem by Robert Matthew, a Winchester scholar from 1643 to 1647. He describes how "...we may play quoits, or hand-ball, or bat-and-ball, or football; these games are innocent and lawful. .."
21173377
Decatur Public Schools District 61


public vote, a real estate tax to support schools; Decatur citizens passed the tax in 1851 to repair the "brick school house", presumably the one built by the Masons. In Illinois, the general school law on February 15, 1855, provided for taxes across the state to educate all children in the state, and required that each district maintain school for at least 6 months each year. Under the new law that year, the first school district in Decatur was formed, and the first building exclusively for school
13903697
Delaplaine, Arkansas


home to the Delaplaine School District, which included Delaplaine (in the rural northwest of Greene County), O'Kean (in the rural southeast of Randolph County), and the town of Peach Orchard in Clay County. In 2003, the Arkansas Legislature, supported by then-Governor Mike Huckabee, passed Act 60, an act that required every school district in the state that had a daily enrollment of less than 350 students to be consolidated with another school district. As a result, on July 1, 2004, the Delaplaine
16265861
1775–82 North American smallpox epidemic


as English officials were proactive in establishing quarantine guidelines in order to protect the public. One of the earliest recorded examples of this was a quarantine established in 1647 by Puritans in order to prevent the spread of disease from ships coming from the Caribbean. In 1731 and act, entitled "An Act to Prevent Persons From Concealing the Smallpox", was passed. This act made the heads of households mandatory reporters for smallpox; these individuals were required to report smallpox in their house to the selectmen of the Massachusetts Bay Colony. Infected
1950743
John Coggeshall


Island and Providence Plantations in the Spring of 1647, under the patent that Williams had obtained from the crown in 1644. In May 1647, Coggeshall was elected the chief magistrate of the four-town colony with the title of President. He had an assistant from each town, a general recorder, and a treasurer. Under his administration, the courts of justice were established and the first complete code of laws was written. Rhode Island historian and Lieutenant Governor Samuel G. Arnold made this tribute to the digest of statutes enacted under
6635662
Diane Patrick (Texas politician)


-funded breakfast program for public schools, which passed the House, 73-58. She supported legislation to provide marshals for school security as a separate law-enforcement entity. Patrick supported the measure to forbid the state from engaging in the enforcement of federal regulations of firearms. She voted to allow college and university officials to carry concealed weapons in the name of campus security. She supported legislation to reduce the time required to obtain a concealed-carry permit. In 2009, the Libertarian Party rated her 61 percent favorable on
10372038
Gloucester, Massachusetts


coastal towns in New England, development in Gloucester was not focused around the harbor as it is today, rather it was inland that people settled first. This is evidenced by the placement of the Town Green nearly two miles from the harbor-front. The Town Green is also where the settlers built the first school. By Massachusetts Bay Colony Law, any town boasting 100 families or more had to provide a public schoolhouse. This requirement was met in 1698, with Thomas Riggs standing as the town's first schoolmaster. The
10859
Catholic Church in the Thirteen Colonies


Norfolk County (1687) show Fathers Edmonds and Raymond arrested. In 1699 Catholics were deprived of their right of voting, and later a fine of 500 pounds of tobacco was imposed upon violators of the law. They were declared incompetent as witnesses in 1705, and in 1753 such incompetency was made to cover all cases. Massachusetts was first settled by English religious dissenters. Quakers, Jews, and Catholics were not permitted in the colony. Catholics avoided Massachusetts during the colonial period after laws passed in 1647 and 1700 forbade Catholic priests
19332003
Creation and evolution in public education in the United States


ruled that the act was discriminatory because it provided certain resources and guarantees to "creation scientists" which were not provided to those who taught evolution; and ruled that the law was intended to advance a particular religion because several state senators that had supported the bill stated that their support for the bill stemmed from their religious beliefs. While the Court held that creationism is an inherently religious belief, it did not hold that every mention of creationism in a public school is unconstitutional: We do not imply that a legislature could never require
4365652
Hackensack, New Jersey


an Act of the state legislature approved on April 1, 1868, within New Barbadoes township and including the village of Hackensack, with authority to develop sewers and other improvements in Hackensack. The New Jersey Legislature passed the Township School Act in 1894, under which each village, borough, town, or city in New Jersey was delegated responsibility for its own public schools through the office of the county superintendent. Hackensack established a local board of education in 1894, as required by the new law, which took over operation of schools
11021281
Urban planning in Africa


in Brazzaville, 1944, also brought the formation of the Gabinete de Urbanização Colonial (Colonial Urbanization Office), which required city planning for urban areas in Lusophone colonies. However, this only applied to urban areas occupied by colonists. This did not apply to all citizens until 1961 when Portugal abolished the Native Statute which acted as a means of segregating colonists and indigenous people. Decolonization had a significant impact on every nation-state and affected each one's urban planning practices very differently. Passed two years before the British Town and
2147326
Stoneham, Massachusetts


's 325 Express Bus to downtown Boston offers limited service. Interstate 93 passes through Stoneham, and Route 128/Interstate 95 passes just to the north of the town. Stoneham is the home of a public high school (Stoneham High School) and one public middle school (Stoneham Central Middle School). There are also three public elementary schools (Colonial Park School, Robin Hood School, and South School) in the town. The private Seventh-day Adventist school Greater Boston Academy offers programs for pre-K to grade
16412417
English overseas possessions in the Wars of the Three Kingdoms


1647. After Virginian victory, Calvert returned to Maryland in 1646 and recaptured St. Mary's City. Following the death of Leonard Calvert in 1647, in 1649 Cecil Calvert named William Stone, a Protestant, as governor. By choosing Stone, Calvert could avoid criticism of Maryland as a seat of Popery, where Protestants were allegedly oppressed. Stone and his council, however, were required to agree not to interfere with freedom of worship. In 1649, the colonial assembly passed the Maryland Toleration Act, ensuring freedom of religion within
21662435
UCLA School of Law


Entertainment Law, Environmental Law, Public Interest Law, Critical Race Studies, and Law and Philosophy. The roughly 300 students who begin Law School at UCLA every year are divided into sections to encourage a sense of community. Students take all of their first year courses with their sections. Several joint degree programs are available, which require four years of study and result in the simultaneous award of a Juris Doctor and master's degree in Afro-American Studies, American Indian Studies, Law and Management, Public Health, Public Policy
16731267
James White (Texas politician)


approved 96-49. He co-sponsored companion legislation to increase medical and licensing requirements of abortion providers. In 2016, the Texas law was struck down as unconstitutional. Texas Right to Life rated White 78 percent favorable in 2013 and 74 percent in 2011. White opposed the taxpayer-funded breakfast program for public schools; the measure passed the House, 73-58. He supported legislation to provide marshals for school security. He voted against the bill to require immunization of minors without parental consent, a measure which the
17108676
Languages of Texas


public schools teach primarily in English.; In the same year the law requiring the translation of Texas criminal law was briefly extended to Norwegian for two years. 1893 State law was passed requiring all public schools to teach exclusively in English. In 1925 it was made a criminal offense to give instruction in Spanish in Public schools, this law was amended in 1927 to allow Spanish instruction in Elementary schools located in counties bordering Mexico with at least one city of 5,000 population. Nevertheless, English (specifically, American English) is the
20567452
Education in Puerto Rico


US colonialism. The United States founded schools and trained both US and Puerto Rican teachers in education. Puerto Rican teachers were sent to the United States to receive training. In the island, US teachers would train Puerto Rican teachers. By 1913, the US government had invested 14 million dollars on public education in the island and 1,050 schools had been built in rural areas. Laws passed in 1899 required education in Puerto Rico to consist of a public system for ages six to eighteen, to limit the student/teacher ratio to
18744610
P. Pete Chalos


High School in Terre Haute and later became a teacher and a successful coach in the Vigo County and Clay County public schools. An opponent of Indiana's 1959 law requiring school consolidation, Chalos stated that he favored small community schools. His view of the community school as a gathering place and source of identity for a town was (and is) shared by more than a few older Hoosiers who still bemoan their loss more than 45 years after the law was passed. Chalos was elected to the Terre Haute City Council in 1971
13254363
Massachusetts Environmental Police


1630, the colony created a law that paid one schilling to any colonist who killed a wolf. In 1640, the Massachusetts Bay Colony passed a law which gave forty schillings to any man who killed a wolf with hounds. Many colonists hunted wolves because forty schillings was a sizeable bounty in 1640. The 1640 bounty was equivalent to 27 days of a laborer's pay. "Early Massachusetts laws encouraged residents to keep dogs, such as mastiffs and greyhounds, to use in hunting wolves and authorized town governments to use public funds
5726088
Belgium in "the long nineteenth century"


After elections in 1884, a Catholic government under Jules Malou passed a new Education Law providing public financial support for religious schools. Religious education became compulsory in all schools in 1895. The Catholic Party's triumph in the issue was another blow to the already-weakened Liberal Party, and ushered in a period of almost unbroken Catholic government until World War II. Even before his accession to the throne in 1865, Leopold began lobbying leading Belgian politicians to create a colonial empire in the Far East or Africa, which would expand Belgian
16839241
Randi Weingarten


now with high-stakes tests driving federal education policy. Instead, we need investments to level the playing field for kids, boost innovation, elevate the teaching profession and support educators. The Every Student Succeeds Act of 2015 (ESSA) passed into law with the AFT's support. The law eliminates the federal requirement that states evaluate teachers according to their students' standardized test scores, and allows states to weigh factors in addition to test scores when judging the performance of school systems. Weingarten has applauded the ESSA for "relegating
1885263
UNC School of Social Work


social problems and programs, to educate social workers for advanced practice, and to provide leadership in the development of socially and economically just policies and programs that strengthen individuals, families, groups, organizations, and communities. The roots of the School of Social Work go deep into the welfare system of North Carolina. In 1919, the State legislature passed a law that required every county to organize for public welfare services and to employ a superintendent of public welfare. Just one year later, in September 1920, the University of North
14674231
Roger Williams


the public hangman to burn all copies—but Williams himself was already on his way back to New England. It took Williams several years to get the four towns around Narragansett Bay to unite under a single government because of William Coddington's opposition on Aquidneck Island (which they called Rhode Island at the time), but the four settlements finally united in 1647 into the Colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations. Freedom of conscience was again proclaimed, and the colony became a safe haven for people who were persecuted for their beliefs
18375393
Herb Kohl


victory for one of his main causes: requiring handguns to be sold with child safety locks. The amendment was attached to the Protection of Lawful Commerce in Arms Act, with every Democrat and many Republicans voting in favor of the amendment. Earlier in his career, he helped push the Gun-Free Schools Act which the U.S. Supreme Court overturned in 1995 and has submitted many amendments to that effect. He is a strong supporter of public education and has rejected school vouchers. Kohl has voted in favor of allowing for the establishment
15435797
John Coggeshall


John Coggeshall Sr. (December 2, 1599 – November 27, 1647) was one of the founders of the Colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations and the first President of all four towns in the Colony. He was a successful silk merchant in Essex, England, but he emigrated to the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1632 and quickly assumed a number of roles in the colonial government. In the mid-1630s, he became a supporter of dissident minister John Wheelwright and of Anne Hutchinson. Hutchinson was tried as a heretic in 1637
6635651
Boston Latin School


initially funded by taxes but by donations and land rentals. A school established in nearby Dedham was the first tax-supported public school. Latin is the mother of modern Romance languages and was an educational priority in the 17th century. The ability to read at least Cicero and Virgil was a requirement of all colonial colleges, and to write and speak Latin in verse and prose was the first of the Harvard laws of 1642. Boston Latin prepared many students for admission to Harvard, with a total of seven years devoted to the
951633
East Haven, Connecticut


Colony was important. The colony had required that each parish provide a common school. Prior to 1700, the parish education was being provided by the Congregational Church. The town voted in 1706 to build the first public school. The school was located around what is now 260 Hemingway Avenue. In 1707 the town established a school board to oversee the education system. By 1728 East Haven had split their system into 4 school districts. The first town high school was opened on September 28, 1936, in the "Center"
16303422
Corey Johnson (politician)


require the New York City Department of Education to report on the use of disciplinary measures in public schools. The legislation passed on September 30, 2015, and was signed into law on October 13, 2015. Johnson later introduced legislation requiring the Department of Education to regularly report on student health services in public schools, to ensure that such services are adequately serving New York City students. Mayor de Blasio signed this legislation into law on February 8, 2016. In October 2015 the City Council passed Johnson’s legislation requiring the City
9973003
History of Dedham, Massachusetts, 1635–1792


of each other in the knowledge and faith of the Lord Jesus..." It was not to be a theocracy, however, as colonial law prohibited clergy from serving as civil officers. The church and the civil society were largely separate institutions. Before a man could join the community he underwent a public inquisition to determine his suitability. Every signer of the Covenant was required to tell all he knew of the other men and if a lie was uncovered the man who spoke it would be instantly excluded from town. While great effort
19563651
List of Ontario colonization roads


and pass the Wilberforce Public School, and up the hill. From here on it was again known as the Burleigh Road, & continued northeast running on the east side of Clement Lake, and the west side of Grace Lake and ended at the colonial Kennaway Road which started in the town of Haliburton, and ran east though the town of Kennaway, and ended when it intersected with the colonial Peterson Road.[1] Note! You can't drive or walk on most of the old colonial Burleigh Road south of Wilberforce. A lot
22042115
Norma Paulus


progress as a state, as required by a law the state legislature passed in 1991. Paulus also supported school-to-work initiatives for reforming public education while in office, which were part of the 1991 reforms. At the time Paulus was one of only ten women in the nation to hold the top education position in their state. She left the office on January 4, 1999, after two terms. In 2007, the Oregon Legislature eliminated the optional certificates from schools in the state. Norma and her husband William
12512871
History of Christianity in the United States


After World War I, some states concerned about the influence of immigrants and "foreign" values looked to public schools for help. The states drafted laws designed to use schools to promote a common American culture. In 1922, the Masonic Grand Lodge of Oregon sponsored a bill to require all school-age children to attend public schools. With support of the Klan and Democratic Governor Walter M. Pierce, endorsed by the Klan, the Compulsory Education Act was passed by a vote of 115,506 to 103,685. Its primary purpose was to
21930216
History of the Catholic Church in the United States


After World War I, some states concerned about the influence of immigrants and "foreign" values looked to public schools for help. The states drafted laws designed to use schools to promote a common American culture. In 1922, the Masonic Grand Lodge of Oregon sponsored a bill to require all school-age children to attend public school systems. With support of the Knights of the KKK and Democratic Governor Walter M. Pierce, the Compulsory Education Act was passed by a vote of 115,506 to 103,685. Its primary purpose was to shut
21961901
Hiram Walker


" and he used a process to make his whisky that was vastly different from all other distillers. It became very popular, angering American distillers, who forced the US government to pass a law requiring that all foreign whiskeys state their country of origin on the label. From this point forward, Hiram Walker's Canadian Club whisky was Canada's top export whisky. He established and maintained the company town that grew around his distillery, exercising planning and control over every facet of the town, from public works to religious services to
13974722
Greenwich Public Schools


Greenwich Public Schools is a school district located in Fairfield County, in Greenwich, Connecticut. The district has boundaries that are coterminous with those of the town. Approximately 8,840 students, grades K–12, attend the Greenwich Public Schools. As of 2012, elementary schools had the same pattern of racial segregation as the town as a whole with Hispanic students concentrated in the two elementary schools in the southwestern corner of the district, New Lebanon and Hamilton Avenue. There is a Connecticut racial diversity law which requires that the percentage of students in
9560615
Sports law in the United States


discriminate on the basis of sex or gender. In sports law, the piece of legislation often refers to the effort to achieve equality for women's sports in colleges. The Office of Civil Rights (OCR) is charged with enforcing this legislation. This agency implemented a three-prong test for schools to adhere to: In 1995 the Gender in Equity Disclosure Act was passed to require schools to make an annual, public report on male-female athletic participation rates, recruiting by gender, and financial support. The U.S. Supreme
16248857
John J. Crittenden


financial support for the improvement of public education, the General Assembly passed a common school law on February 26, 1849. This law established guidelines for several public officials regarding their administration of the common schools. The Assembly also reserved tolls collected on the Kentucky, Green, and Barren rivers for education, and passed a two percent property tax to fund the state's schools. Crittenden ordered the refurbishing of the state penitentiary, which had been damaged by a fire, and called for an extensive state geological survey. He also advised
4536012
Thomas Greene (governor)


these measures, but despite pressure from Cornwaleys and the Jesuits accepted the laws once they were passed. In 1647, Greene was appointed to the governorship by the colony's first governor, Leonard Calvert, as an emergency measure only hours before Calvert's death due to a sudden illness. He was by this point one of the few early settlers still active in colonial leadership. Some, such as Leonard Calvert, had died and some, such as Thomas Cornwaleys, had returned to England. Greene, who had been a member
2939379
Electronic Classroom of Tomorrow


). In ECOT's case, the school was accountable to ESCLEW and its publicly elected Board. Community schools cannot charge tuition and must follow all laws pertaining to health, public safety and civil rights. Students were required to take state-mandated proficiency/achievement tests, and other examinations prescribed by law. Students were also required to pass the Ohio Graduation Test to receive a diploma. ECOT was not a "home schooling" program. It was a public community school, subject to all the laws and regulations thereof
12575936
Certified Public Accountant


Certified Public Accountant (CPA) is the title of qualified accountants in numerous countries in the English-speaking world. In the United States, the CPA is a license to provide accounting services to the public. It is awarded by each of the 50 states for practice in that state. Additionally, almost every state (49 out of 50) has passed mobility laws to allow CPAs from other states to practice in their state. State licensing requirements vary, but the minimum standard requirements include passing the Uniform Certified Public Accountant Examination
15709316
Massachusetts School Laws


laws appears to have been distinctly inconsistent. By the end of the 1650s, all eight of the 100-family towns and a third of the 50-family towns had met the respective requirements for grammar schools and the hiring of teachers. However, the remainder of the towns and many new towns ignored both mandates and instead paid the fine. The Massachusetts Evil Code of 1660 reiterated the school laws, but still met with a lack of implementation; to enforce it, a fresh act was passed in 1668. Forasmuch as the good education of
8035939
Creation and evolution in public education in the United States


Establishment Clause: instead of just prohibiting laws that established a state religion, the clause was interpreted to prohibit laws that furthered any particular religion over others. Opponents, pointing to the previous decision, argued that this amounted to judicial activism. In reaction to the "Epperson" case, creationists in Louisiana passed a law requiring that public schools should give "equal time" to "alternative theories" of origin. The Supreme Court ruled in 1987 in "Edwards v. Aguillard" that the Louisiana statute, which required creation to be
4365649
Federalism in Australia


These culminated in a draft Constitution that was put to popular vote in the individual colonies, and eventually approved by the electors, after a final round of changes met the higher threshold of support required in New South Wales. It was then passed into law by the Imperial Parliament in Britain as the "Commonwealth of Australia Constitution Act 1900", finalising the process of the Federation of Australia. The rather desultory way in which federation proceeded reflected the absence of compelling urgency. The colonies saw some advantage in removing tariff barriers to inter
9883698
Law school


J.D. is recognised for qualification to the Singapore Bar. There are several private law schools in Singapore that are run by private education providers and which also award the Bachelor of Laws degree. These private law schools are neither recognised nor supported by the government and their graduates are, in the vast majority of cases, ineligible for qualification to the Singapore Bar. National University of Singapore Singapore Management University Singapore University of Social Sciences Stansfield College In Serbia, prospective students are required to pass an admission test for enrollment in a law school.
10969560
Oregon Compulsory Education Act


” For Protestants, public schools seemed like they could be used as the great American melting pot, to teach “Pure Americanism” to the new immigrants and assimilate them into Protestant culture. In 1922, the Masonic Grand Lodge of Oregon sponsored an initiative to require all school-age children to attend public schools. With support also of the state Ku Klux Klan and 1922 Democratic gubernatorial candidate Walter M. Pierce, the Compulsory Education Law was passed by a vote of 115,506 to 103,685. Its primary purpose was to shut down Catholic
5723283
Special education


IDEA) is a federal law that requires that every school system in the nation must provide a free and appropriate public education for every child, ages 3 to 22, regardless of how or how seriously that child may be disabled. To ensure that this federal law is obeyed, the government requires every school system provide this type of education to each student in order to receive federal funding. Students with all forms of special needs are assessed to determine their specific strengths and weaknesses. The earlier these students with special needs are assessed
4289746
MaryEllen Elia


Solution. Elia had defended the assignment as one that fostered "critical thinking." In 2018, a controversial budget amendment passed by state senator Simcha Felder watered down educational requirements for yeshivas operating in New York, even while current state law requires that a student in a non-public school should be "receiving instruction which is substantially equivalent to that provided in the public schools," with the local public school superintendent being the arbiter of what that equivalency entails. Elia subsequently issued a directive to all yeshivas operating in New York
18478331
Patricia Harless


. She voted to levy a sales tax on Internet transactions to match existing laws for brick and mortar stores; the measure passed the House 125-20. Harless voted to prohibit smoking in public places. She voted to establish eligibility for indigent health care. She voted for corporal punishment in public schools; the bill passed the House, 80-64. Harless voted to require colleges and universities to make student centers compatible with traditional family values. To guarantee the integrity of the election process, she supported picture identification of voters
13072772
Colonie, New York


and emergency medical services department are located at the Public Safety Building on Wolf Road near Albany International Airport. Law enforcement in the town is primarily provided by the Town of Colonie Police Department; within the village of Menands which occupies the southeastern corner of the town there is the Village of Menands Police Department as well. However, that law enforcement is supplemented by the New York State Police Troop G (the headquarters of which lies within the town of Colonie), and the Albany County Sheriff's Office which patrols the Albany International
16894012
General Court of Virginia (colonial)


court could hear any appeal, but in 1647 the House of Burgesses passed a law restricting its civil appellate jurisdiction to cases involving an amount at controversy of at least ten pounds sterling or 1600 pounds of tobacco. Appellants had to pay a penalty if the General Court upheld the original decision; originally, the appellant had to pay double the original damages, but this was eventually reduced to 115% of the original damages. The court had no restrictions, however, on hearing appeals in cases in which no monetary damages were sought
10797694
Boston desegregation busing crisis


Act of 1965 is the legislation passed by the Massachusetts General Court which made the segregation of public schools illegal in Massachusetts. The law, the first of its kind in the United States, stated that "racial imbalance shall be deemed to exist when the percent of nonwhite students in any public school is in excess of fifty per cent of the total number of students in such school." These racially imbalanced schools were required to desegregate according to the law or risk losing their state educational funding. An initial report released in March
21638079
Henry Parkes


the Public Schools Act 1866, introduced by Parkes, which required teachers to have training and created a funding mechanism. A council of education was formed, and for the first four years after the passing of the act Parkes filled the office of president. As a result of the act, many new schools were established all over the colony. Parkes also initiated the introduction of nurses from England trained by Florence Nightingale. In 1867 to 1868 Alfred, Duke of Edinburgh (Queen Victoria's second oldest son) visited the Australian colonies
8020367
Gunnison, Colorado


by the Gunnison Watershed RE1J School District which includes Public and Non Public schools. The public schools in the RE1J school district are located in Crested Butte and Gunnison; Marble Charter School is located in the Statutory Town of Marble in northwest Gunnison County. Public Schools in Gunnison Watershed RE1J School District: The law concerning non public schools, 22-33-104, C.R.S., requires that a sequential program of instruction be provided by an independent or parochial school. Such program shall include, but not be limited to, communication skills
17746373
Brandon Creighton


Texas Right to Life rated him 100 percent in 2011 and 116 percent in 2013. Creighton voted against a taxpayer-funded breakfast program for public schools; the measure nevertheless passed the House, 73-58. He supported legislation to provide marshals for school security. He opposed the bill requiring the immunization of minors without parental consent, a measure which the House nevertheless approved, 71-61. He co-sponsored the law to extend the franchise tax exemption to certain businesses. Creighton voted against the measure to prohibit texting while
16348206
Trent Ashby


gestation; the measure passed the House, 96-49. He also co-sponsored companion legislation to increase medical and licensing requirements of abortion providers. These issues brought forth an unsuccessful filibuster in the Texas State Senate by Wendy R. Davis of Fort Worth. The Texas Right to Life Committee rated Ashby 73 percent favorable. Ashby voted for legislation to establish a taxpayer-funded breakfast program for public schools; the measure passed the House, 73-58. He supported legislation to provide marshals for school security as a separate law
11852930
Massachusetts Constitutional Convention of 1853


raised by taxation in the towns and cities, for the support of public schools, and all moneys which may be appropriated by the state for the support of common schools, shall be supplied to and expended in no other schools than those which are conducted according to law, under the order and superintendence of the authorities of the town or city in which the money is to be expended; and such moneys shall never be appropriated to any religious sect, for the maintenance, exclusively, of its own schools. The legislature shall
10799080
Lex Caecilia de censoria


Lex Caecilia De Censoria (The Law of Quintus Caecilius Metellus Pius Scipio Nasica on the Censors) was passed by Metellus Scipio, Roman Consul of 52 BC. It repealed a law passed by the tribune Publius Clodius Pulcher in 58 BC, which had prescribed certain rules for the Censors in exercising their functions as inspectors of public morals ("mores"). It also required the concurrence of both Censors to inflict the "nota censoria". During the census (conducted once every five years), the Censors could place a
16337520
History of California before 1900


the three major agencies employed by the Spanish crown in an attempt to consolidate its colonial territories. None of these missions were completely self-supporting, requiring continued (albeit modest) financial support. Starting with the onset of the Mexican War of Independence in 1810, this support largely disappeared, and the missions and their converts were left on their own. By 1827, the Mexican government passed the General Law of Expulsion, which exiled Spanish-born people, decimating the clergy in California. Some of the missions were then nationalized
16794491
Lincoln Academy (Newcastle, Maine)


then passed a law that mandated secondary education be funded by the local towns. As a result, many adults enrolled at LA causing an increase in enrollment and a dramatic change in the nature of the student body. By 1906, the school body was composed of those preparing for Bowdoin College with a required exam for admission. The exam was later discontinued in the 1930s resulting in Lincoln becoming a public high school. Enrollment increased during the 50s and 60s and increased again upon the closure of Bristol High School in 1969. In
15040780
Heather Steans


microbeads in cosmetics and soaps, which are major source of plastic pollution. Senator Steans helped lead in the passage of a law that strengthened Illinois' anti-bullying laws by through anonymous reporting, protecting student privacy, prohibiting retaliation and other measures. Steans further spearheaded efforts to create an independent state body with the power to require local taxing bodies to support private charter schools, even where the relevant school board would not do so voluntarily. This move in support of the charter school movement followed her efforts to pass SB7, which
21402439
Kulturkampf


the heat. The Church required priests to establish Catholic schools in every parish and attendance of Catholic schools rose from 13 percent to over 60 percent. In part due to this conflict, the liberals lost the elections in 1884. The Catholic government under Jules Malou amended the Education Law providing public support for religious schools as well and, in 1895, religious education became compulsory in all schools. From then on, with changing majorities in parliament, regulations were made either more in favour of the Church or more in favour of the
18516222
Morrill Wyman


to ban corporal punishment in the public schools for both sexes. Wyman testified at a hearing in 1868 on a bill to abolish all corporal punishment in public schools in Massachusetts - a bill which passed the lower house of the General Court, but failed in the Senate. (Corporal punishment in public schools was ultimately prohibited by law in Massachusetts in 1972.) His efforts did not lead to a long-standing ban on corporal punishment in Cambridge schools, but increased public awareness of it, and new reporting requirements probably reduced it
15599602
Freedom of education


or behaviour are allowed provided they comply within the general law. The ability to teach a notably Islamic curriculum is restricted, however, which meant that the rating of Sweden came close to being downgraded to medium. Around 17% of schools in the United States are faith-based. However, America does not offer families any public support to attend such schools routinely. Public schools are required by certain state laws to educate their students in a secular manner so as not to endorse any specific religion. However, most public schools
4958862
Earle B. Wood


Board of Education. Wood was elected president of the Maryland State Teachers' Association in June 1911. During its first meeting with Wood serving as president, the Maryland State Teachers' Association resolved to support a state law requiring children to attend school. Wood became vice president in 1913. Until 1912, any child could enroll in District of Columbia Public Schools, regardless of where they lived, as long as their parents paid a small tax to the District of Columbia. In 1912, Congress passed a law significantly increasing the tax
18593094
John E. Davis (Texas politician)


a bill to prohibit smoking in public places. He voted to establish eligibility for indigent health care. He voted for corporal punishment in public schools; the bill nevertheless passed the House, 80-64. Davis voted to require colleges and universities to make student centers compatible with traditional family values. To guarantee the integrity of the election process, Davis supported picture identification of voters. The law finally took effect in October 2013 and was used widely without incident in the primaries on March 4, 2014. In 2013, Davis supported
18041337
Institutionalisation


local authorities to provide housing, healthcare, education, and financial support for individuals in need. At the upper end of the scale, public boarding schools such as Eton and Harrow were founded or greatly extended to meet the growing demand for the education of the children of those in colonial service overseas. These were seen as models of social improvement, and many inferior imitations followed for the lower social orders. Virtually every borough in the UK was required by legislation to make provision for paupers, homeless, released prisoners, convicted criminals
19457155
Allen Fletcher (Texas politician)


Fletcher supported a resolution to reduce funding for state agencies. He voted to expand the sales tax to Internet transactions to match existing laws for brick and mortar stores; the measure passed the House 125-20. Fletcher voted against a bill to prohibit smoking in public places. He voted to establish eligibility for indigent health care. He voted against corporal punishment in public schools; the bill nevertheless passed the House, 80-64. Fletcher voted to require colleges and universities to make student centers compatible with traditional family values. Fletcher
13620217
Dennis Bonnen


to analyze crime data. Bonnen voted against a taxpayer-funded breakfast program for public schools; the measure passed the House, 73–58. He co-sponsored legislation to provide marshals for school security as a separate category of law enforcement officials. He did not vote on the bill requiring the immunization of minors without parental consent, a measure which the House nevertheless approved, 71–61. He also did not vote on an "equal pay for women" measure, which passed the House, 78–61. He co-sponsored the law
9101678
Indentured servitude in Pennsylvania


thus repudiated notion that indenturing these "Human Serpents" redounded to the benefit of "Public Utility." The law to which Franklin referred had been submitted to (and disapproved by) the Board of Trade in 1748. However, many its features stemmed as far back as the session of 1721–1722. The Pennsylvania Assembly at that time passed an act placing a £5 duty on each convict imported into the colony. Similar to the law in Britain, merchants or captains were also required to "enter into bonds" of £
19242254
Rail transport in Victoria


of continuous train brakes carried out in 1884. In 1884 Colonial Parliament passed "The Railway Construction Act", which authorised fifty-nine new lines to almost every corner of the colony, and thus became known as the "Octopus Act". The proposed lines would serve both new agricultural towns and support suburban land speculation. It was also this decade that the first narrow gauge line was opened from Wangaratta to Whitfield, with three other lines following by 1910. The South Gippsland line was also opened from Dandenong to Leongatha by
17133919