who invented the first car in the us
Schneider's Combination Cars


Schneider's Combination Cars were invented by J. G. Schneider of Chicago around 1891 as convertible open and closed cars for use in summer and winter respectively. J. G. Schneider of Chicago invented and patented two types of adjustable car, to meet the demand from many railroads for reconstructing their old cars, and also to accommodate those smaller companies who desired open and closed cars but who did not feel justified in maitaining two full equipments of rolling stock. One was the winter car which could readily be converted to an open car by the removal
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Brake lining


Brake linings are the consumable surfaces in brake systems, such as drum brakes and disc brakes used in transport vehicles. Brake linings were invented by Bertha Benz (the wife of Karl Benz who invented the first patented automobile) during her historic first long-distance car trip in the world in August 1888. The first asbestos brake linings were developed in 1908 by Herbert Frood. Although Frood was the first to implement the use of asbestos brake linings, the heat dissipation properties of the fibres were tested by various scientists, including well
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Margaret Wilcox


Margaret A. Wilcox, (born 1838, Chicago, Illinois) was an American engineer, and one of the first women mechanical engineers. She is notable for inventing the first automobile heater and the first combined clothes and dishwasher machine. Wilcox was one of the first female mechanical engineers. She was granted multiple US patents for her inventions. On November 23, 1893, she was granted a patent for the car heater. The car heater consisted of a combustion chamber located under the car, and pipes to transmit hot water.
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Science and invention in Birmingham


1894: Richard Norris, a doctor of medicine and professor of physiology at Queen's College, Birmingham, brings out a new patent of dry plate used in photography and is generally credited with the first development of the collodion dry plate in the 1860s. 1895: Frederick William Lanchester and his brother build the first petrol driven four-wheeled car in Britain. Lanchester also experiments with the wick carburetor, fuel injection, turbochargers and invents the accelerator pedal and first uses the pendulum governor for controlling the speed of a car engine.
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Hydraulic brake


A hydraulic brake is an arrangement of braking mechanism which uses brake fluid, typically containing glycol ethers or diethylene glycol, to transfer pressure from the controlling mechanism to the braking mechanism. Malcolm Loughead (who later changed the spelling of his name to Lockheed) invented hydraulic brakes, which he would go on to patent in 1917. "Lockheed" is a common term for brake fluid in France. Fred Duesenberg used Lockheed hydraulic brakes on his 1914 racing cars and his car company, Duesenberg, was the first to use the technology
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Petrochemical


Henry Perkin discovered the first synthetic dye, Mauveine. In 1888, Friedrich Reinitzer, an Austrian plant scientist observed cholesteryl benzoate had two different melting points. In 1909, Leo Hendrik Baekeland invented bakelite made from phenol and formaldehyde. In 1928 synthetic fuels invented using Fischer-Tropsch process. In 1929, Walter Bock invented synthetic rubber Buna-S which is made up of styrene and butadiene and used to make car tires. In 1933, Otto Röhm polymerized the first acrylic glass methyl methacrylate. In 1935, Michael Perrin invented polyethylene
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Louis Enricht


Louis Enricht (1844-1923) was a US inventor who claimed that he had invented a substitute for gasoline. In 1916, during World War I, Enricht announced that he had invented a cheap substance that, added to ordinary tap water, would be a substitute for gasoline. Henry Ford visited Enrich at Farmington along with Fords' New York manager in 1918. In a press conference in Farmingdale, Long Island, he first asked the reporters to check that there was no supplementary tank in the car he had brought.
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Mark Levinson Audio Systems


luxury automobiles. Mark Levinson invented the concept of high-end car sound in 1979. Mark Levinson automotive audio systems are designed in collaboration with sound, electrical, and design engineers who produce Mark Levinson audio electronics. Certain Lexus models have featured Mark Levinson sound systems as an option since 2001, with prices varying based on the vehicle and its specific components (~US$2,500 for the LS 460, ~US$1,600 for the ES 350, ~US$1,440 for the IS 350, etc.). The first Mark Levinson car 5.1 surround sound system appeared
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Timeline of United States inventions (1890–1945)


device used to wipe rain and dirt from a windshield. In 1903, Mary Anderson is credited with inventing the first operational windshield wiper. In Anderson's patent, she called her invention a window cleaning device for electric cars and other vehicles. Operated via a lever from inside a vehicle, her version of windshield wipers closely resembles the windshield wiper found on many early car models. Anderson had a model of her design manufactured. She then filed a patent (U.S. patent number 743,801) on June 18, 1903 that was issued
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Webster Wagner


Webster Wagner (October 2, 1817 – January 13, 1882) was an American inventor, manufacturer and politician from New York. Wagner was born near Palatine Bridge, New York. He developed a wagon-making business with his brother James. The business had folded by 1842, largely due to the Panic of 1837. After serving as an employee for the New York Central Railroad, Wagner invented the sleeping car and luxurious parlor car. He also perfected a system of ventilating railroad cars. His inventions were first used on
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George Westinghouse


. After his military discharge in August 1865, he returned to his family in Schenectady and enrolled at Union College. He lost interest in the curriculum and dropped out in his first term. Westinghouse was 19 years old when he created his first invention, the rotary steam engine. He also devised the Westinghouse Farm Engine. At age 21 he invented a "car replacer", a device to guide derailed railroad cars back onto the tracks, and a reversible frog, a device used with a railroad switch to guide trains onto
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John C. Lincoln


(1831 - 1920), an abolitionist minister and Frances Louise Marshall Lincoln (1839 - 1918), a physician. There he received his primary and secondary education. In 1888, he graduated from Ohio State University with a degree in Electrical Engineering and soon after became a construction superintendent. He trained under Charles F. Brush, who invented the arc light and engineered America's first electric street car. In 1891,Lincoln patented his first invention, an electric brake for street-railway cars. In 1889, Henry George, visited Cleveland
6062060
History of Ohio


. The same year the Tappan Stove Company created the first microwave oven made for commercial, home use. James Spangler invented the first commercially successful portable vacuum cleaner, which he sold to The Hoover Company. African American inventors based in Ohio achieved prominence. After witnessing a car and carriage crash, Garrett Morgan invented one of the earliest traffic lights; he was a leader in the Cleveland Association of Colored Men. Frederick McKinley Jones invented refrigeration devices for transportation which ultimately led to the Thermo King Corporation. In Cincinnati Granville Woods invented
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Henry Jacques Gaisman


street car advertising. Unable to afford the lengthy schooling required to study mechanical engineering and chemistry (his first interests), he left school at age 13 to work various odd jobs. At age 16 he invented the glass-enclosed bulletin boards commonly used in hotel lobbies. He then worked briefly as a leather worker, then a leather dealer, and in 1894 moved to New York City where he sold his first financially successful invention, a belt that wouldn't slip. Later, he invented the safety razor, an invention
17834270
History of the automobile


similar four-stroke diesel engine was invented by Rudolf Diesel. The hydrogen fuel cell, one of the technologies hailed as a replacement for gasoline as an energy source for cars, was discovered in principle by Christian Friedrich Schönbein in 1838. The battery electric car owes its beginnings to Ányos Jedlik, one of the inventors of the electric motor, and Gaston Planté, who invented the lead–acid battery in 1859. In 1885, Karl Benz developed a petrol or gasoline powered automobile. This is also considered to be the first
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History of the automobile


and 1839 (the exact year is uncertain) Robert Anderson of Scotland invented a crude electric carriage, powered by non-rechargeable primary cells. In November 1881, French inventor Gustave Trouvé demonstrated a working three-wheeled car powered by electricity at the International Exposition of Electricity, Paris. English inventor Thomas Parker, who was responsible for innovations such as electrifying the London Underground, overhead tramways in Liverpool and Birmingham, and the smokeless fuel coalite, built the first production electric car in London in 1884, using his own specially designed
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Handcar


the car. It is not clear who invented the handcar, also written as hand car or hand-car. It is likely that machinists in individual railroad shops began to build them to their own design. Many of the earliest ones operated by turning large cranks. It is likely that the pump handcar, with a reciprocating walking beam, came later. While there are hundreds of US patents pertaining to details of handcars, probably the primary designs of mechanisms for powering handcars were in such common use that they were not patentable
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Car controls


Arnold, one of the first motor cars manufactured in the United Kingdom. Charles Kettering and Henry Leland later invented and filed for the first electric starter in America in 1911. In 1912, the Cadillac Model Thirty became the first American car to have a starter installed. Before Chrysler's 1949 innovation of the key-operated combination ignition-starter switch, the starter was operated by the driver pressing a button that was mounted on the floor or dashboard. This type of control has now returned with the use of keyless entry.
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Whirlyball


weight. In order to use a Trac Ball scoop, players must use an industrial-strength heat gun to mold the scoop to fit the ball. The game was first invented in Utah in the 1960s by Stan Mangum. Whirlyball is a sport that combines lacrosse, bumper cars, and some aspects of basketball. It features two teams of five players riding Whirlybugs, which are specialized bumper cars that offer more agility and steering ability. A Whirlybug is similar to an electric bumper car. It is round, with a bumper
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Refrigeration


invention of the refrigerated rail car it was impossible to ship perishable food products long distances. The beef packing industry made the first demand push for refrigeration cars. The railroad companies were slow to adopt this new invention because of their heavy investments in cattle cars, stockyards, and feedlots. Refrigeration cars were also complex and costly compared to other rail cars, which also slowed the adoption of the refrigerated rail car. After the slow adoption of the refrigerated car, the beef packing industry dominated the refrigerated rail car business with their ability
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Daniel Dingel


Daniel Dingel was a Filipino engineer who claimed to have invented a “"hydrogen reactor"” able to power a water-fuelled car. Dingel says he began working on his hydrogen reactor in 1969, and claims to have used the device to power his 1996 Toyota Corolla. Dingel explains that his invention splits producing hydrogen from water in an onboard water tank and does not produce any carbon emissions. However, he has never revealed the secret to his invention. In an interview with the "Philippine Daily Inquirer", Dingel
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Samuel Morey


engine, a position with which others disagree. Recently, Morey's work has received renewed attention by people other than locals and engineers, in particular American comedian Jay Leno, who is an avid car collector. Book: "Capt. Samuel Morey who Built a Steamboat Fourteen Years Before Fulton" – Gabriel Farrell, 1915 Book: "Who invented the American Steamboat? A Statement of the Evidence that the First American Steamboat, Propelled by Means of Paddle Wheels, was Invented, Constructed, and Successfully Operated on Connecticut River,
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Trabbi Goes to Hollywood


car was taken to, Gunther takes the time paying a visit to Ricki Stein (Michelle Johnson), the niece of one of his fellow townspeople who lives in LA. Later on, when Max uses his street contacts to discover the Trabbi's whereabouts, he and Gunther learn where to find Vince. Vince tells them that he has delivered the car to the house of Mr. B, who, eager to present a new car design in order to make money, intends to pass off Gunther's Trabbi as his own invention
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Timken Roller Bearing Company


The Timken Roller Bearing Company was one of the first to introduce roller bearings for railroad cars. Railroad cars owned and operated by the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway were some of the first to use roller bearings rather than "oil waste journal" boxes. Henry Timken, a German immigrant, invented an improved bearing and founded the company in 1899. It was later renamed The Timken Company. The Santa Fe was the first company to have roller bearing trucks made by Timken under their passenger cars, much to the delight
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Sprague-Thomson


1908 through the synthesis of earlier systems and the use of the method of motor control invented by Frank J. Sprague. Beginning in 1907, the CMP started to construct metallic stock. The "motrices 500" (motor cars) formed the first series of Sprague-Thomson, which was referred to familiarly as simply "Sprague". The cars were constructed entirely of metal and each power car had two 175hp motors. Each train set consisted of five cars, including three power cars, and contained a large compartment of electrical equipment
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Refund anticipation loan


they could make an arrangement where Action Accounting & Taxes could prepare taxes for customers seeking to purchase cars in order to supplement their down payments on used or new car purchases. Mr. Smith agreed to this idea and that was the beginning of Loans on Tax Refunds being used in conjunction with car financing and that practice then quickly spread throughout the area and then throughout the entire United States. Mr. Smith was the first one to invent, organize and pioneer the process of Tax Refund Loans in this way and went on to make millions
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Timeline of United States inventions (1890–1945)


are found in many toys and games. The reed switch was invented in 1936 by W. B. Elwood at Bell Telephone Laboratories. 1936 Phillips-head screw The Phillips-head screw is a crosshead screw design lying in its self-centering property, useful on automated production lines that use power screwdrivers. The Phillips-head screw was invented and patented by Henry F. Phillips in 1936. 1936 Stock car racing Stock car racing is a form of automobile racing. Shorter ovals are called short tracks, unpaved short tracks are called dirt
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Hans Clarin Hovind Mustad


emerging car industry. Having travelled by car for the first time in 1892, during a stay abroad, he conducted his first car travel on Norwegian soil in 1906. During the trip, from Kristiania to Aandalsnes, he passed several hundred horses, and stopped the engine as to not frighten the animals. Using an external handle to start the engine, he grew tired of this and invented a system with which the driver could ignite the engine from the driver's seat. In 1917 he was behind the manufacturing of the "
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Lincoln Industrial Corporation


of the first automatic, power-driven grease gun to be marketed commercially. Used for lubricating the mine cars, the unit included a 400 Lb pressurized tank, one or more hoses and valves that automatically dispensed a predetermined amount of grease. The first Lincoln Lubrigun, introduced in 1923, was mounted on a mine car truck. By 1917, there were already 5 million cars on American roads. (Inventions) As automobile ownership became more prevalent, demand for service stations to do routine maintenance on vehicles was soaring. Lincoln
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Car


In November 1881, French inventor Gustave Trouvé demonstrated the first working (three-wheeled) car powered by electricity at the International Exposition of Electricity, Paris. Although several other German engineers (including Gottlieb Daimler, Wilhelm Maybach, and Siegfried Marcus) were working on the problem at about the same time, Karl Benz generally is acknowledged as the inventor of the modern car. In 1879, Benz was granted a patent for his first engine, which had been designed in 1878. Many of his other inventions made the use of
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Water-fuelled car


invented car was claimed to use 60% water and 40% Diesel or fuel, but that the inventor was working to make it run on only water, probably by end of June 2012. It was further claimed the car "emits only oxygen rather than the usual carbon". Pakistani man Agha Waqar Ahmad claimed in July 2012 to have invented a water-fuelled car by installing a "water kit" for all kind of automobiles, which consists of a cylindrical jar that holds the water, a bubbler, and a
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Jean Bourguignon


Jean-Jules Bourguignon (29 August 1926 in Latinne – 10 May 1981 in (Neupré)) was a Belgian inventor. Having left school at the age of 16, he had a variety of jobs while developing his inventing skills. He invented about 50 items in the 1960s, some of which are still being used today, like the first perpetual movement watch; the first remote control toy car; the first radio alarm clock and a special camera lens which produced three-dimensional pictures and films. He was featured in
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John Wilkinson (Franklin automobile)


his air-cooled motor in helping the war effort during World War II. In July 1927, Wilkinson purchased a new "Falcon-Knight" sedan. He had three cars but used the new car to go back and forth from his summer home in Skaneateles, New York. C. C. Russell, president of the Rossell-Knight Company, delivered the car to Wilkinson who took the car on a trip to Detroit, Michigan where the inventor "also had interests." He was working on inventions in auto manufacture "
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Cottin & Desgouttes


the car was presented at the Paris Salon, Gaston Doumergue, President of the French Republic congratulated the Lyon car manufacturer for his historic invention, that would promote the French Automobile Industry. Cottin reportedly replied that the government had contributed to this invention - by the very bad quality of the roads. The Sans-Secousse was also very successful outside France. In 1930, the first Saharan Tourist Car Rally was won by four “Sans Secousse” cars that demonstrated a high level of resistance. These cars were 14 hp sport roadsters
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Gary Thieltges


Gary Thieltges is an American cinematographer, owner of Doggicam Systems and best known for inventing camera rigs used on big-budget Hollywood films and television shows. Upon being hired as the director of photography of a beer commercial featuring a dog in 1997, his first invention was the Doggicam, a camera on a stick with a monitor at the operator's eye level to view the picture feed. Thieltges' PowerSlide, a wirelessly controlled camera dolly that rides on super rigid track, was used by cinematographer Emmanuel Lubezki in the famous car
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Gridley Bryant


and a three-foot frost line. The only real difference between Bryant's Granite Railway and the Liverpool and Manchester was in the motive power; Bryant used horses and gravity to pull his trains, while the Liverpool and Manchester used steam locomotives. Although he designed and created all of the machinery, Bryant did not file patents on any of his inventions for the railroad. In 1834, Ross Winans filed a patent for the eight-wheel car design that Bryant had first invented. Bryant was called upon as an expert witness
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Diono


Diono is an American company that manufactures child safety seats as well as travel, stroller and car seat accessories. Based in Sumner, Washington, Diono was founded in 1999 as Sunshine Kids Juvenile Products. It introduced a device to tighten seat belts used with car seats to the industry and holds various patents. In 2006 the Radian was the first steel framed folding car seat. Diono was founded as Sunshine Kids Juvenile Products in 1999 after the invention of Mighty-Tite, which was designed to tighten seat belts around car seats.
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Eolo Car


Eolo is the first compressed air car invented by Guy Nègre and built by Motor Development International (MDI) which has licensed the patent for the construction to Eolo International (in Italy to Eolo Italia). It was unveiled during the 2001 Bologna Motor Show car and bike fair. An attempt to put it into production failed in 2003. The car utilizes air expansion as an energy source by releasing compressed air from tanks with an extremely cold internal temperature and high pressure, about 300 Bar. The resulting air expansion is used to
629354
Ancient technology


lifting devices Olseon in the same paper, who still credits, as well as most other scholars, Archimedes with the invention. Perhaps the most important advance made by the Mesopotamians was the invention of writing by the Sumerians. With the invention of writing came the first recorded laws called the Code of Hammurabi as well as the first major piece of literature called the Epic of Gilgamesh. Although archaeologists don't know for sure who invented the wheel, the oldest wheel discovered was found in Mesopotamia. It is likely the Sumer first used
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Friction disk shock absorber


Friction disk shock absorbers or André Hartford dampers were an early form of shock absorber or damper used for car suspension. They were commonly used in the 1930s but were considered obsolete post-war. The friction disk pattern was invented by Truffault, before 1900. These used oiled leather friction surfaces between bronze disks compressed by adjustable conical springs, with the disk pack floating between arms to both chassis and axle, in the distinctive style. From 1904 these were licensed to several makers including Mors, who had first applied shock absorbers to
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Charles Jeantaud


Charles Jeantaud (1840-1906) was a French engineer who invented the parallelogram steering linkage in 1878. He was born in Limoges, in what is now the Haute-Vienne department of central France. In 1881 he built his first electric car, with help from Camille Alphonse Faure, who had built the first modern day car battery in 1881. The vehicle had a Gramme-design electric motor with a Fulmen-made battery. From 1893 to 1906 he built vehicles under the trademark Jeantaud in Paris. He committed suicide
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Thomas Blanchard (inventor)


Thomas Blanchard (June 24, 1788 – April 16, 1864) was an American inventor who lived much of his life in Springfield, Massachusetts, where in 1819, he pioneered the assembly line style of mass production in America, and also invented the first machining lathe for interchangeable parts. Blanchard worked, for much of his career, with the Springfield Armory. In 1825, Blanchard also invented America's first car, which he called a "horseless carriage," powered by steam. During Blanchard's lifetime, he was
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Westinghouse Air Brake Company


was that braking was applied to the first cars in a train much sooner than to the rear cars, resulting in shocks and damages when the rear cars bunted against the cars ahead of them. The main objection, however, was that it was not an automatic brake, i.e. even a minor mishap like a broken coupling left the entire train without any brake power at all. In 1872, George Westinghouse invented the automatic air brake by inventing the triple valve and by equipping each car with its own air cylinder. Air pressure
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Science and invention in Birmingham


the city today and Bournville remains a sought after area to live in. 1900: John Wright invents a much-improved gas fire, which uses fretted columns of fireclay, rather than tufted asbestos, to radiate the heat. The Wright design of gas fire heating endures throughout the century, however, electric fires improve at a similar pace. 1902: The first caliper-type automobile disc brake is patented by Frederick William Lanchester in his Birmingham factory and used successfully on Lanchester cars. However, the limited choice of metals in
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Economy car


at a price of just $240. The need for constant reductions in price through the 1920s reflected increasing competition from newer designs for the relatively unchanged and increasingly obsolescent Model T. In 1923 Chevrolet developed a new car to compete with the Model T, the Chevrolet Series M 'Copper-Cooled', air-cooled car, designed by General Motors engineer at AC Delco Charles Kettering, (who invented the points/condenser ignition system that was in use until the 1980s). It was a rare failure for him, due
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Engine


and Felice Matteucci invented and patented an engine using the free-piston principle that was possibly the first 4-cycle engine. The invention of an internal combustion engine which was later commercially successful was made during 1860 by Etienne Lenoir. In 1877 the Otto cycle was capable of giving a far higher power to weight ratio than steam engines and worked much better for many transportation applications such as cars and aircraft. The first commercially successful automobile, created by Karl Benz, added to the interest in light and powerful engines. The lightweight petrol internal
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George Carter III


George Carter III (born July 28, 1945) is an inventor who created , the first commercialized version of laser tag, as well as other inventions such as the personal watercraft and certain versions of all-terrain vehicles. George Carter invented the Photon after being inspired by Star Wars. In 1969 Carter's first business, prior to Photon, was a dirt-track grand prix concession car course in Phoenix called the Baja Raceway. The racetrack was across the street from an amusement park called Legend City, which included the
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MacPherson strut


The MacPherson strut is a type of automotive suspension system that uses the top of a telescopic damper as the upper steering pivot. It is widely used in the front suspension of modern vehicles and is named for American automotive engineer Earle S. MacPherson, who invented and developed the design. Earle S. MacPherson was appointed the chief engineer of Chevrolet's Light Car project in 1945, to develop new smaller cars for the immediate post-war market. This gave rise to the Chevrolet Cadet. By 1946 three prototypes of the Cadet design had
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Blood Car


Blood Car is a 2007 black comedy film set in the not-too-distant future where gasoline prices have become exorbitant ($30+ US/gallon). Things take a turn for the worse when a kindergarten teacher (Mike Brune) invents a car that runs on a different fuel source: blood. Archie Andrews is a vegan kindergarten teacher who buys products from Lorraine's vegetarian road side stand. He is developing an engine that runs on wheatgrass with no results until he accidentally cuts his finger and the blood falls
19870701
Car


easier to operate. These include rear reversing cameras, air conditioning, navigation systems, and in-car entertainment. Most cars in use in the 2010s are propelled by an internal combustion engine, fueled by the combustion of fossil fuels. Electric cars, which were invented early in the history of the car, began to become commercially available in 2008. There are costs and benefits to car use. The costs to the individual include acquiring the vehicle, interest payments (if the car is financed), repairs and maintenance,
17499361
List of Dutch inventions and innovations


heart at the center that produces zero potential when the voltages are summed. It is named after Willem Einthoven, who theorized its existence. When German bombers attacked The Hague in 1940 while Willem Johan Kolff was there, he organised the first blood bank in continental Europe. It was located in the "Zuidwal" hospital in The Hague. Eleven patients were given blood transfusions in The Hague, six of whom survived. Donated blood was also used for victims of the bombardment of Rotterdam, whither it was transported by civilian car.
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TVS Supercharger


energy to the car. Additionally, the TVS supercharger conducts this entire process with a significant reduction in noise, vibration, and harshness. The original TVS supercharger was invented by Eaton Corporation, a company which has been inventing superchargers since 1985. The TVS supercharger is a 5th generation supercharger and its design was stated to be a game changer for the world of superchargers. The TVS supercharger at its initial release was being primarily used by muscle car fanatics in their much older, 1960's-1970's, muscle cars. This is because superchargers
18471183
Ice trade


development of the U.S. railroad system, natural ice became used to transport larger quantities of goods much longer distances through the invention of the refrigerator car. The first refrigerator cars emerged in the late 1850s and early 1860s, and were crude constructions holding up to 3,000 lbs (1,360 kg) of ice, on top of which the food was placed. It was quickly found that placing meat directly on top of blocks of ice in cars caused it to perish; subsequent designs hung the meat from hooks, allowing the meat to breathe
1358163
History of the automobile


them into the 1980s. The 1950s saw interest in steam-turbine cars powered by small nuclear reactors (this was also true of aircraft), but the dangers inherent in nuclear fission technology soon killed these ideas. In 1828, Ányos Jedlik, a Hungarian who invented an early type of electric motor, created a tiny model car powered by his new motor. In 1834, Vermont blacksmith Thomas Davenport, the inventor of the first American DC electric motor, installed his motor in a small model car, which he operated on
17723462
Custom wheel


Spinners had stopped spinning and were in a stationary position, they would not start to spin again until the wheel started rotating and again picking up momentum from the rotating wheel itself. They were designed to independently rotate and spin by using one or more roller bearings to isolate the spinner from the wheel, enabling it to spin while the wheel is at rest. In the early stages of the invention during the mid 1990s, the Tru-Spinners invention was only used on custom cars and on show cars in competitions which continued on
8625149
Automotive battery


. A bell was used instead of an electric horn, headlights were gas-powered, and the engine was started with a crank. Car batteries became widely used around 1920 as cars became equipped with electric starters. The sealed battery, which did not require refilling, was invented in 1971. The first starting and charging systems were designed to be 6-volt and positive-ground systems, with the vehicle's chassis directly connected to the positive battery terminal. Today, almost all road vehicles have a negative ground system. The negative
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John Crane Group


in 1928, Metallic water pump packing were used on Chevrolet and Ford cars. An estimated 25 million motors were using Crane Packing materials by the mid-1930s. By 1938, all Chrysler cars used Crane Packing mechanical seals on their water pumps . In 1939, the company invented the first automotive mechanical seal. In the early 1940s, John Crane developed and introduced patented end face shaft seals and an elastomer bellows seal. The U.S. Navy relied on packing solutions from Crane Packing for a host of applications, including expansion joints, stern tube
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Timeline of historic inventions


The timeline of historic inventions is a chronological list of particularly important or significant technological inventions and the people who created the inventions. "Note:" Dates for inventions are often controversial. Inventions are often invented by several inventors around the same time, or may be invented in an impractical form many years before another inventor improves the invention into a more practical form. Where there is ambiguity, the date of the first known working version of the invention is used here. The dates listed in this section refer to the earliest evidence
19956350
Car crusher


a semi truck. This machine utilizes a much smaller plate that crushes the vehicle in sections, as it is slowly fed through the machine. One of the first Car Crushing Machines was invented by Allen B. Sharp and Richard A. Hull, both assignors to Al-Jon Incorporated located in Ottumwa, Iowa. The patent for the Car Crushing Machine was filed on March 22, 1965 and patented on August 16, 1966. This United States Patent was primarily examined by Walter A. Scheel. The reason they came up with this invention
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TVS Supercharger


tended to be heavier and better suited to increase power on heavier muscle cars who could handle the extra weight, rather than the modern-lighter sports cars being invented today. However, due to the lighter and more efficient design of the TVS supercharger, the TVS supercharger was quickly picked up by many modern car companies. One of the first companies to employ this supercharger design was General Motors, starting in 1991 with the new L67 supercharged version of their Buick/GM 3800 V6. Eaton manufactured the M62 supercharger exclusively for this
18471184
Lexus LFA


the LFA by saying "I have to say I absolutely love it. It is an intelligent car built by intelligent people. In some ways it is raw and visceral: In others it is a lesson in common sense. Engine at the front, two seats in the middle and a boot you can use. Despite all of this, there is a sense that you are in a real, full-on race car. If cruise control was invented for Nevada, Yorkshire was invented for the LFA. It is a
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Inventor's notebook


claims declared in the patent. Typically, governments award patents on either a "first to file" or "first to invent" basis. Therefore, it is important to keep and maintain records that help establish who is first to invent a particular invention. The inventor's notebook (also called a journal, lab book or log book) is a systematic device for recording all information related to an invention in such a way that it can be used to develop a case during a patent contestation or patent-related lawsuit.
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The Mini-Munsters


school. Since Herman had promised to buy Eddie a car, they go buy a used hearse. When Eddie asks if there is enough room in the back of the hearse for their instruments, Herman stretches it out in the back, and assures them there is. They discover that the old hearse is haunted by the funeral director who owned it when he was alive. Grandpa adds an invention that allows for the car to run on music when it runs out of gas. The device becomes popular, and the gangsters,
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Railway coupling


knuckle", or "Alliance" coupler. The AAR/APTA TypeE, TypeF, and TypeH couplers are all compatible Janney couplers, but used for different rail cars (general freight, tank cars, rotary hoppers, passenger, etc.). The knuckle coupler or Janney coupler was invented by Eli H. Janney, who received a patent in 1873 (). It is also known as a "buckeye coupler", notably in the United Kingdom, where some rolling stock (mostly for passenger trains) is fitted with
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Briggs Cunningham


America's Cup race. He invented the cunningham downhaul commonly used to control a sailboat's luff tension and improve sail shape. Cunningham was introduced to motorsports as a youngster when his uncle took him to road races just after the First World War. He began international racing in 1930 with his Yale College friends Miles and Samuel Collier, who in 1933 founded the Automobile Racing Club of America (renamed the Sports Car Club of America (SCCA) in 1944). He continued in competition for 36 years. By 1940 he was
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Antique car


shortly after the production of the automobile. The first official auto race in the world was a 732-mile, round trip race, in the Paris–Bordeaux–Paris race. The first race in the U.S. was the six car, 54.36 mile race, from Chicago’s Jackson Park to Evanston, Illinois and back. Racing helped spur inventions that assisted in improvements to the automotive industry. The Veteran era began with the invention of the automobile and continued up to 1896. The Brass Era is considered from 1890 to 1919. Periods
20605638
Windscreen wiper


first operational windscreen wiper in 1903. In Anderson's patent, she called her invention a "window cleaning device" for electric cars and other vehicles. Operated via a lever from inside a vehicle, her version of windscreen wipers closely resembles the windscreen wiper found on many early car models. Anderson had a model of her design manufactured, then filed a patent (US 743,801) on June 18, 1903 that was issued to her by the US Patent Office on November 10, 1903. A similar device is recorded 3 months
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Delco Electronics


with their invention, it never became an option on GM autos either as production or an addon. In 1936, Delco began producing the first dashboard-installed car radios. By the early 1970s, Delco had become a major supplier of automotive electronics equipment. Based in Kokomo, Indiana, Delco Electronics employed more than 30,000 at its peak. In early 1956, Delco produced a transistorized hybrid signal-seeking car radio, which used both vacuum tubes and transistors in its radio's circuitry. Transistors were used to replace the radio
7950059
John Nutting Farrar


and-ink sketches drawn by him. These sketches, pertaining to tooth movement at that time, were important to orthodontics as a profession and the knowledge in the field. Dr. Farrar attended several dental meetings at that time and he was very vocal about advocating for orthodontics being established as a separate field from dentistry. Dr. Farrar was known for many inventions and contributions during his life. He invented elastic car wheels and a type-writing machine, the first typewriter built in America. In 1875, he used 18k gold to
18515049
Edith Lanchester


in their father's footsteps of bourgeois success, three of Edith's brothers became successful in the fields of architecture and engineering. Her eldest brother, Henry Vaughan Lanchester, became a distinguished architect and town planner who was awarded the Royal Gold Medal of the Royal Institute of British Architects in 1934. Her immediately older brother, Frederick William Lanchester [pseud. Paul Netherton-Herries] (1868–1946) was a car and aircraft designer and engineer who invented the first all-British four-wheel petrol car. Following its success he
17871907
Witching Waves


Witching Waves is an amusement ride. It was first introduced at Luna Park on Coney Island, New York, United States, in 1907. It was one of the most popular rides at Luna Park, invented by Theophilus Van Kannel, who also invented the revolving door. The ride consisted of a large oval course with a flexible metal floor. There were hidden reciprocating levers that produced a wave-like motion. The floor itself did not move but the moving wave propelled small scooter-style cars with two seats, which
7532653
Cars in the 1920s


several payments over time for their cars. Soon the purchase of cars became credit-based in all countries. This method of payment also eventually became used for the purchase of other consumer goods. The use of credit attracted more customers to buying items that they previously would not have been able to afford. The freedoms and recreation that cars provided led to the invention of car racing. Onlookers enjoyed this new form of racing and often made car purchases based on car models and brands in the race. This was one way that
15447079
George Westinghouse


one of two tracks. At about this time, he witnessed a train wreck where two engineers saw one another, but were unable to stop their trains in time using the existing brakes. Brakemen had to run from car to car, on catwalks atop the cars, applying the brakes manually on each car. In 1869, at age 22, Westinghouse invented a railroad braking system using compressed air. The Westinghouse system used a compressor on the locomotive, a reservoir and a special valve on each car, and a single pipe
4699268
Alexander Winton


of motor cars and engines. He also had several important bicycle inventions. He was known for allowing free use of his patents when a question of safety was involved. Winton was a pioneer in recognizing that racing was a primary means to promote his automobile business, both because of the public attention these races garnered as well as the focus on technical innovation. One of his first famous races was against Henry Ford, which he lost in 1901. In 1902 he built the first of three custom race cars, all three of
22077356
List of Dutch inventions and innovations


construction methods common in 17th century boat building and was successfully tested under water with two rowers at Dorney Lake, diving beneath the surface and being rowed underwater for 10 minutes. Legal considerations prevented its use on the River Thames itself. Spyker is credited with building and racing the first ever four-wheel racing car in 1903. The first four-wheel-drive car, as well as hill-climb racer, with internal combustion engine, the "Spyker 60 H.P.", was presented in 1903 by Dutch brothers Jacobus and
452172
List of Dutch inventions and innovations


to as "Gatsos". They are also sometimes referred to as "photo radar", even though many of them do not use radar. The first systems introduced in the late 1960s used film cameras, replaced by digital cameras beginning in the late 1990s. Variomatic is the stepless, fully automatic transmission of the Dutch car manufacturer DAF, originally developed by Hub van Doorne. The Variomatic was introduced in 1958 (DAF 600), the first automatic gear box made in the Netherlands. It continues in use in motorscooters.
452155
Vehicle canopy


, although hinging at the front is most common. Canopy doors are rarely used on production cars, and are sometimes used on concept cars. This is not a full list of cars that use canopies, but just a few examples. Messerschmitt, the notable German aeroplane manufacturer, weren't allowed to produce aircraft after World War II. Instead, they produced cars. These were designed by the aircraft engineer Fritz Fend. A vehicle canopy was a new concept that is believed to be invented by Messerschmitt; this originated from their
20975937
Glow plug (model engine)


A glow plug engine, or glow engine, is a type of small internal combustion engine typically used in model aircraft, model cars and similar applications. The ignition is accomplished by a combination of heating from compression, heating from a glow plug and the catalytic effect of the platinum within the glow plug on the methanol within the fuel. American inventor Ray Arden invented the first glow plug for model engines in 1947. Born in New York on February 24, 1890, Arden sold over 300 inventions, mainly toys, in the
16203604
George Ballas


for the trimmer while driving through an automatic car wash, where the rotating brushes gave him an idea. Using a tin can laced with fishing line and an edge trimmer, he tried out his idea, which worked. After some refinements, he shopped it around to several tool makers, who all rejected his invention. He went on to develop the garden tool himself. The first year, sales were over a half million dollars. By 1977 they were $80 million, and Ballas sold his company the following year to
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Lester Wire


put into use in San Francisco, California in 1907, and left-hand drive became the standard for American cars in 1908. Two Years before (1910) Wire, Ernest Sirrine, in Chicago made the first traffic light that used the non-illuminated words "stop" and "proceed". And the first center painted divide appeared in 1911 in Michigan, and the first "No Left Turn" sign arrived in 1916. Eight years after Wire's invention, in Detroit in 1920, a detective named William Potts
21760781
First to file and first to invent


First to file (FTF) and first to invent (FTI) are legal concepts that define who has the right to the grant of a patent for an invention. The first-to-file system is used in all countries. There is an important difference between the strict nature of the FTF under the European Patent Office (EPO) and the FITF (First inventor to file) system of the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO). The USPTO FITF system affords early disclosers some "grace" time before
11574275
Gymkhana (motorsport)


as possible with the fewest mistakes. Acceleration, braking, drifting, and grip driving are all necessary. Not only does the driver have to hold control over the car, but gymkhana requires strong mental concentration and memorization. Gymkhana was started using the horse, long before the car was invented. Racers had to pick up small flags to win in the Genghis Khan's races. Native Americans raced on harsh courses to show their bravery. Those who were eligible for these events were limited. Gymkhana became friendly and festive events.
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Viper (TV series)


a special top-secret task force created by the federal government to fight the wave of violence sweeping Metro City. This task force used a modified 1994 Flame Red Dodge Viper RT/10 Roadster sports car that could, at the flip of a secret switch, transform from a muscle car into an armored machine known as "Defender". The "Defender" was an invention of technological specialist Julian Wilkes (played by Dorian Harewood), who was paralyzed during a shootout between police and criminals. The project was delayed by numerous setbacks
18744963
Science and invention in Birmingham


used for passengers and luggage) influenced a generation of car makers. In 1999 the Mini was voted the second most influential car of the 20th century, behind the Ford Model T. 1962: Maurice Wilkins, New Zealand born and Birmingham raised, receives the Nobel Prize for his work on DNA structure, he is one of three who become known as the Code Breakers. Wilkins is educated at King Edward's School (and St John's College, Cambridge), he receives a PhD for the study of phosphors at the University
5072613
Baker Motor Vehicle Company Building


. A walled pond, roughly and with a island in the center, was adjacent to the property's eastern border. The house and property were owned by Alonzo F. Winslow, who began managing the American House hotel in Cleveland in 1852. He invented the Winslow corrugated roof iron for railroad freight cars and the Winslow stove for use in railroad passenger cars, which made him a wealthy man. He was a member of the Cleveland City Council from 1857 to 1858, and was elected Cuyahoga County Sheriff in sheriff in 1874.
5333397
Water-fuelled car


of this invention" yet, but it disclosed that the system used an onboard energy generator, which it called a "membrane electrode assembly", to extract the hydrogen using a "mechanism which is similar to the method in which hydrogen is produced by a reaction of metal hydride and water". The hydrogen was then used to generate energy to run the car. This led to speculation that the metal hydride is consumed in the process and is the ultimate source of the car's energy, making it a hydride-fuelled
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Suspension (vehicle)


"bathtub car" in 1948, which used helical springs which could not take fore-and-aft thrust. The Hotchkiss drive, invented by Albert Hotchkiss, was the most popular rear suspension system used in American cars from the 1930s to the 1970s. The system uses longitudinal leaf springs attached both forward and behind the differential of the live axle. These springs transmit the torque to the frame. Although scorned by many European car makers of the time, it was accepted by American car makers because it was inexpensive to manufacture
1831289
History of the hamburger


and rail became increasingly available. All these means of transport were improving at the time, and soon it was necessary to feed a growing population that was "in permanent transit", frequently moving through different cities on business. George Pullman invented the sleeping car and the dining car in response to the needs of these people in the 1870s. Similarly, the English immigrant Frederick Henry Harvey was the first to use "dynamic mass movement" in restoring the Fred Harvey Company, which catered to the patrons of a chain of hotels
20988673
Loop-O-Plane


The Loop-O-Plane is an amusement park ride that originated in America. It was invented by Lee Eyerly and manufactured by the Eyerly Aircraft Company of Salem, Oregon, in 1933. The ride was immediately popular with customers and became a staple of amusement parks. The ride was imported into Europe, where it was first used in the UK in 1937. The ride has two 16-foot long arms, each with an enclosed car at one end and a counterweight at the other. Each car holds four riders seated in
5473062
Renault Fuego


designed in a wind tunnel. The resulting drag coefficient (Cd) factor of 0.32-0.35 depending on model and year. In October 1982, the turbo diesel model was classified as the fastest diesel car in the world, with a top speed of . The Fuego was the first car to have a remote keyless system with central locking that was available from the 1983 model year (from September 1982). The system was invented by Frenchman Paul Lipschutz (hence the name "PLIP" remote which is used in Europe)
9028043
Canda (automobile company)


The Canda Manufacturing company based in Carteret, New Jersey, produced cars from 1900-1902. The company was founded in 1896 as a producer of railroad hand cars. It started in the automobile business when it acquired the rights to produce the gasoline engine invented by the Duryea brothers. At first Canda produced these engines for the Duryeas, but the deal fell through when Charles Duryea (who, in the deal, was superintendent of the factory) left to pursue his own ventures. In 1900, the company decided to make
10636573
Jensen FF


, and racing cars. An experimental version was first fitted to the earlier Jensen C-V8, but this did not go into production. The letters FF stand for "Ferguson Formula", after Ferguson Research Ltd., who invented the car's four-wheel drive system. The FF is related to the similar-looking, rear-wheel drive Jensen Interceptor, but is longer, and mechanically very different. Standard FF features included front seat belts, a tachometer, and map pockets. Although it was a highly innovative
17052253
Cat's eye (road)


, he patented his invention (patents Nos. 436,290 and 457,536), and on 15 March 1935, founded Reflecting Roadstuds Limited in Halifax to manufacture the items. The name "Catseye" is their trademark. The reflective lens had been invented six years earlier for use in advertising signs by Richard Hollins Murray, an accountant from Herefordshire and, as Shaw acknowledged, they had contributed to his idea. The blackouts of World War II (1939–1945) and the shuttered car headlights then in use demonstrated the value of Shaw's invention
4478071
Timeline of United States inventions (1890–1945)


John Froelich invented and built the first gasoline-powered tractor in Clayton County, Iowa. 1893 Zipper The zipper is a popular device for temporarily joining two edges of fabric. Zippers are found on trousers, jeans, jackets, and luggage. Whitcomb L. Judson was an American mechanical engineer from Chicago who was the first to invent, conceive of the idea, and to construct a workable zipper. Using a hook-and-eye device, Judson intended for this earliest form of the zipper to be used on shoes. He
968556
History of the automobile


, most of the mechanical technology used in today's automobiles had been invented, although some things were later "re-invented", and credited to someone else. For example, front-wheel drive was re-introduced by André Citroën with the launch of the "Traction Avant" in 1934, though it had appeared several years earlier in road cars made by Alvis and Cord, and in racing cars by Miller (and may have appeared as early as 1897). In the same vein, independent suspension was originally
17723499
Timeline of United States inventions (1890–1945)


. 1926 Power steering Power steering is a system for reducing the steering effort on vehicles by using an external power source to assist in turning the roadwheels. In 1926, Francis W. Davis of Waltham, Massachusetts invented power steering. 1926 Drive through A drive-through, or drive-thru, allows customers to purchase products without leaving their cars. In 1926, City Center Bank, which became UMB Financial Corporation under R. Crosby Kemper opened what is considered the first drive-up window. In-n-Out Burger claims
968621
Reem Al Marzouqi


remarkable success of Takamul program The idea of Reem's invention crossed her mind when she watched a TV interview on Inside Edition with Jessica Cox, the world's first licensed armless pilot as she mentioned in her interview difficulties of driving cars for long distances using only her feet. Also she mentioned how it got suspended due to violation in safety rules. Reem has since participated in the Expo Science International exhibition. Her invention was included in the British Museum's A History of the World in 100 Objects exhibition, as displayed at Manarat
9966453
Refrigerator car


shipping of fruits. By 1886, he was President of the Earl Fruit Company. In 1890, he invented the refrigerator car to transport fruits to the East Coast of the United States. He established the Continental Fruit Express and invested US$2,000,000 in refrigerator cars. In 1901, he sold his refrigerator cars to Armour and Company of Chicago and became a millionaire. Live cattle and dressed beef deliveries to New York (short tons): 19th Century American Refrigerator Cars: The use of ice to refrigerate and preserve food dates back
10996809
Water-fuelled car


months later on suspicion of investment fraud. Daniel Dingel, a Filipino inventor, has been claiming since 1969 to have developed technology allowing water to be used as fuel. In 2000, Dingel entered into a business partnership with Formosa Plastics Group to further develop the technology. In 2008, Formosa Plastics successfully sued Dingel for fraud and Dingel, who was 82, was sentenced to 20 years' imprisonment. In December 2011, Pakistani doctor Ghulam Sarwar claimed he had invented a car that ran only on water. At the time the
13565361
Bisquick


Bisquick is a pre-mixed baking mix sold by General Mills under its Betty Crocker brand, consisting of flour, shortening, salt, and baking powder (a leavening agent). According to General Mills, Bisquick was invented in 1930 after one of their top white sales executives met an innovative train dining car chef, who was black , on a business trip. After the sales executive complimented the chef on his deliciously fresh biscuits, the dining car chef shared that he used a pre-mixed biscuit batter he created consisting
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