most of the interior of north america was claimed by
Republic of Texas


Native American populations and its remoteness from the population centers of New Spain, Texas remained largely unsettled by Europeans, although Spain maintained a small military presence to protect Christian missionaries working among Native American tribes, and to act as a buffer against the French in Louisiana and British North America. In 1762, France ceded to Spain most of its claims to the interior of North America, including its claim to Texas, as well as the vast interior that became Spanish Louisiana. During the years 1799 to 1803, the height of the
5787137
Eske Willerslev


environmental DNA, reconstructing the biological succession of North America's interior Ice-Free Corridor. Environmental DNA analyses showed the Ice-Free Corridor's transition from being a steppe environment with mammoth and bison, to an open populous-dominated forest inhabited by elk, and ending as the conifer forest with species like moose we see today. They also claim the interior Ice-Free Corridor is not the first route for early Americans moving south to lower North America from Alaska, given that it first became viable for human occupation at 12.6
4717920
Virginia Peninsula


established small Spanish outposts along the eastern coast into present-day Georgia and the Carolinas. The northern-most post was "Santa Elena" (today Port Royal, South Carolina). From there Juan Pardo was commissioned to lead expeditions into the interior, founding Fort San Juan in 1567-1568 at the regional Mississippian culture chiefdom of Joara. Located in present-day western North Carolina, this was the first European settlement in the interior of North America. The first permanent English settlement in North America was established in 1607
1430904
Great Britain in the Seven Years' War


in Europe was possible so long as the "Old System" and the alliance with Austria prevailed and devoted much of his efforts to the continuance of this. One of the major concerns for the British government of the era was colonial expansion. During the eighteenth century the British colonies in North America had become more populous and powerful – and were agitating to expand westwards into the American interior. The territory most prized by the new settlers was the Ohio Country, which was also claimed by France. As well as having economic potential
12379269
Antioch, Tennessee


full capacity since inception making it one of the busiest rinks in North America. In addition to serving as a practice rink for the NHL Predators, the center also host collegiate hockey teams from Vanderbilt, David Lipscomb and MTSU are hosted there. Most recently, Bridgestone North America moved to the redeveloped mall location housing its IT service center in the former Sears building and fully renovated the interior and updated the exterior. The struggling Global Mall at the Crossings occupies the interior of the mall space. The State of Tennessee DMV placed a
11242400
History of the west coast of North America


Cabot's original claim in 1497 were the foundations of British claims to portions of the west coast of North America in the late 18th century. One of the most important consequences of these claims is that charters for the British colonies on the Atlantic coast went from sea to sea, and this was the foundation of the United States claim to its current territory. While the Spanish had dominated development on the west coast of North America for over 200 years since the early 16th century, beginning in the mid-18th century, this period saw
15969356
Midwestern United States


converted principally to farms and urban areas. This is the beginning of the vast Interior Plains of North America. As a result, prairies cover most of the Great Plains states. Iowa and much of Illinois lie within an area called the "prairie peninsula", an eastward extension of prairies that borders conifer and mixed forests to the north, and hardwood deciduous forests to the east and south. Geographers subdivide the Interior Plains into the Interior Lowlands and the Great Plains on the basis of elevation. The Lowlands are mostly below above
15016287
Settlement of the Americas


early component. As the chronology of deglaciation in the interior and coastal regions of North America became better understood, the coastal migration hypothesis was advanced by Knute Fladmark as an alternative to the ice-free corridor hypothesis. Debate on coastal versus interior migration for initial settlement has centered on evidence for chronology of initial settlement of Beringia, interior North America, the Pacific coast of the Americas, and timing of the opening of coastal versus interior migration routes indicated by geological evidence. Complicating the debate has been the absence of archaeological data from
13723121
History of North America


a new era of more formalized colonialism in North America. Rivalry between the European powers created a series of wars on the North American landmass that would have great impact on the development of the colonies. Territory often changed hands multiple times. Peace was not achieved until French forces in North America were vanquished at the Battle of the Plains of Abraham at Quebec City, and France ceded most of her claims outside of the Caribbean. The end of the French presence in North America was a disaster for most Native nations in Eastern North
6234357
Red-tailed hawk


The red-tailed hawk ("Buteo jamaicensis") is a bird of prey that breeds throughout most of North America, from the interior of Alaska and northern Canada to as far south as Panama and the West Indies. It is one of the most common members within the genus of "Buteo" in North America or worldwide. The red-tailed hawk is one of three species colloquially known in the United States as the "chickenhawk", though it rarely preys on standard-sized chickens. The bird is sometimes
6327641
Lobaria pulmonaria


Europe, Asia, North America and Africa, preferring damp habitats with high rainfall, especially coastal areas. It is the most widely distributed and most common "Lobaria" species in North America. Associated with old-growth forests, its presence and abundance may be used as an indicator of forest age, at least in the Interior Cedar-Hemlock biogeoclimatic zone in eastern British Columbia. It is also found in pasture-woodlands. It usually grows on the bark of broad-leaved trees such as oak, beech and maple
16422023
Geology of the Rocky Mountains


(3000 to 4500 m) of sediment accumulated in 15 recognized formations. The most extensive non-marine formations were deposited in the Cretaceous period when the western part of the Western Interior Seaway covered the region. Terranes started to collide with the western edge of North America in the Mississippian age (approximately 350 million years ago), causing the Antler orogeny. During the last half of the Mesozoic Era, much of today's California, British Columbia, Oregon, and Washington were added to North America. Western North America suffered
9089603
Tanis (fossil site)


plants and animals, including many types of dinosaur fossils, have been discovered there. At the time of the Chicxulub impact, the present-day North American continent was still forming. Most of central North America had recently been a large shallow seaway, called the Western Interior Seaway (also known as the North American Sea or the Western Interior Sea), and parts were still submerged. This had initially been a seaway between separate continents, but the seaway had narrowed in the late Cretaceous to become, in effect, a
9397104
Confederate States of America


flag. The "Confederate Flag" has a color scheme similar to the most common Battle Flag design, but is rectangular, not square. The "Confederate Flag" is a highly recognizable symbol of the South in the United States today, and continues to be a controversial icon. The Confederate States of America claimed a total of of coastline, thus a large part of its territory lay on the seacoast with level and often sandy or marshy ground. Most of the interior portion consisted of arable farmland, though much was also
7353791
LGBT clergy in Christianity


in the Americas was founded in 2000 by the Anglican Communion's Rwandan and Southeast Asia provinces to serve North American Anglicans formerly affiliated with the Episcopal Church and the Anglican Church of Canada; it claims more than 100 parishes in the United States. A church-planting partner with the Anglican Mission is the Anglican Church in North America, founded in 2010. It claims over 600 parishes serving 100,000 members, most of whom are former members of the Episcopal Church opposed to the ordination of LGBT clergy. The Anglican Church in North America
597153
Instrumental temperature record


Ocean and Southern Hemisphere; the spatial pattern of ocean temperature trend in those regions is possibly related to the pacific decadal oscillation and Southern Annular Mode. Seasonal temperature trends are positive over most of the globe but weak cooling is observed over the mid latitudes of the southern ocean but also over eastern Canada in spring because of strengthening of the North Atlantic oscillation. Warming is stronger over northern Europe, China and North America in winter, Europe and Asia interior in spring, Europe and north Africa in summer and northern North America, Greenland
13705464
Neotibicen dorsatus


Neotibicen dorsatus, colloquially called the bush cicada or grand western cicada is a species of large bodied annual cicada in the genus "Neotibicen". Unique among other species of "Neotibicen", this species is almost exclusively associated with Eastern tallgrass prairies and the Great plains region of central North America. Prior to the European penetration and settlement of the interior of North America, this was among the most widespread and abundant cicada species in the great plains region; inhabiting a sprawling geographic range. Unfortunately, the extensive destruction of the North
7922399
Mute swan


North America is disputed by the interest group "Save the Mute Swans". They assert that mute swans are native in the region and therefore deserving of protection. They claim that mute swans had origins from Russia and cite historical sightings and fossil records. These claims have been rejected as specious by the U.S. Department of the Interior. The mute swan had absolute protection in New Zealand under the Wildlife Act 1953 but this was changed in June 2010 to a lower level of protection. It still has protection, but is now allowed
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Wila (lichen)


). Wila is common in the mountainous areas of western North America, being found throughout most of the interior of British Columbia (less common or absent in the northern third of the province), extending east into the Albertan Rockies, and south into Montana, Idaho, and Wyoming, as well as being found in Washington, Oregon, and California. Wila also grows in northern Europe and Russia. In North America, wila is usually found at elevations between 1200 and 2300 m, and rarely as low as 700 m.
11288939
Tyrannosauridae


the Western Interior. A study published in the journal "Scientific Reports" on February 2, 2016 by Steve Brusatte, Thomas Carr "et al". indicates that during the later Maastrichtian, "Tyrannosaurus" itself might have been partially responsible for the extinction of the other tyrannosaurids in most of western North America. The study indicates that "Tyrannosaurus" might have been an immigrant from Asia as opposed to having evolved in North America (possibly a descendant of the closely related "Tarbosaurus") that supplanted and outcompeted other tyrannosaurids
18977437
Geography of North America


and semiarid conditions are found in interior regions cut off by high mountains from rain-bearing westerly winds. However, most of the continent has temperate climates very favorable to settlement and agriculture. Prairies, or vast grasslands cover a huge amount in mountain ranges. The average rainfall in North America is 76 cm/year, which produces some 18 petaliters of water. North American rivers include: The Sierra Nevada and Cascade mountain ranges run along the entire Pacific Coast, acting as a barrier to the humid winds that sweep in from
16822762
Women in Military Service for America Memorial


from various servicewomen throughout American history. Some panels have been left blank, to allow future inscriptions to be made. Four staircases lead down from the terrace to the rear of the memorial, where staircases lead down into the interior and the main gallery. The main gallery and terrace may also be accessed by doors in the north and south sides of the Hemicycle, or via an elevator in the north side of the Hemicycle. The memorial (some sources claim ) is partly below-grade. The western wall of the gallery
11890513
Toyota Vitz


Europe, as opposed to all previous generations that had been designed so far in Japan. Toyota claims to have improved ride comfort, quietness at high speed, and the feeling of the interior, among other changes. On 12 January 2017, a second facelift version of the Vitz was launched in Japan. It is now also offered with a hybrid drivetrain. The second facelift version of the Yaris has been available in Europe and Australia since March 2017 and in South Africa and North America since June 2017. The North American version
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Pushmataha County, Oklahoma


North American interior, seeking fame, treasures, and conquests on behalf of their empires. France’s Bernard de la Harpe explored the area of the modern Pushmataha County in 1719, in the era when France was establishing settlements on the Gulf Coast. They had founded New Orleans the year before. De la Harpe’s exploration of the Mississippi River valley was part of an effort to seek trade with the native peoples and also a route to New Mexico. After this time France claimed this region of North America as La Louisiane.
8909032
Juncus interior


Juncus interior is a species of rush. It is known by the common name interior rush, and in its native range also as "soft rush" (which generally refers to "J. effusus" outside North America). It is native to the central inlands of North America where it grows in moist areas such as meadows and spring prairies. It can also be found in drier areas. This is a perennial herb with tufted roots. It has long, flat, narrow leaves with rounded auricles. The flowers are located
8173236
North American Plate


The North American Plate is a tectonic plate covering most of North America, Greenland, Cuba, the Bahamas, extreme northeastern Asia, and parts of Iceland and the Azores. It extends eastward to the Mid-Atlantic Ridge and westward to the Chersky Range in eastern Siberia. The plate includes both continental and oceanic crust. The interior of the main continental landmass includes an extensive granitic core called a craton. Along most of the edges of this craton are fragments of crustal material called terranes, accreted to the craton by tectonic actions
17191818
Asian carp in North America


Introduced Asian carp in North America pose a major threat to the ecology, environment, economy, and way of life in the Upper Midwest and Great Lakes region of the United States and Canada. Asian carp are a group of fish species, which include several known to be invasive, and represent the most urgent potential danger to the ecology of the Great Lakes. The United States Department of the Interior and United States Fish and Wildlife Service presented their first annual report to Congress on the issue in December 2014. The group of
14514072
Colonist car


A colonist car (or emigrant car) was a type of railway passenger coach designed to provide inexpensive long-distant transportation for immigrants, mainly in North America. They were noted for very spartan accommodation. Colonist cars were a solution to the challenge of North America settlement in the mid and late 19th century which saw the growth of settlement areas in the western interior of the continent, thousands of miles from the seaports where most immigrants arrived. Colonist cars began in the 1840s as the cheapest form of transport for immigrants who could
21073947
Powder King Mountain Resort


Powder King Mountain Resort, commonly referred to as Powder King, is located in the Pine Pass area of the Northern Rockies of British Columbia’s Northeastern Interior. It is the only year-round destination alpine resort in North America found alongside a major route (Highway 97). Ranked #3 in all of North America, the area boasts the best snow quality of all Canadian ski hills. Most of the 37 run names have a Beatles theme. (Upper & Lower "Abbey", "Octopus’s Garden",
9566293
History of the world


, and destroying the advanced civilizations of the Aztecs and the Incas. Spain, Portugal, Britain, and France all made extensive territorial claims, and undertook large-scale settlement, including the importation of large numbers of African slaves. Portugal claimed Brazil. Spain claimed the rest of South America, Mesoamerica, and southern North America. Britain colonized the east coast of North America, and France colonized the central region of North America. Russia made incursions onto the northwest coast of North America, with a first colony in present-
3959900
Acura Legend


pre-set radio station channel selector installed on the instrument binnacle within reach of the right hand; the opposite side of the instrument binnacle had a button to open, tilt or close the standard equipped glass moonroof with sun shade. The North American Legend was not offered with some of the items offered in Japan, such as automatic, one touch climate control, and 100% wool cloth interior in brown. Blue interior was shared with Japan and North America, but brown was not offered in North America, and "sand
5616864
Dorothy Marckwald


Dorothy “Dot” Marckwald (1898-1986) was a prominent American interior designer in the mid-20th century who focused primarily on the interiors of luxury ocean liners. Her most important works were the interiors for the SS "America" and the SS "United States", which was the fastest passenger liner of all time. She worked closely with William Francis Gibbs, one of America’s most renowned naval architects, and her own firm Smyth, Urquhart, & Marckwald, the only firm run by women to decorate the interior
7168107
Ford Ranger (Americas)


offered, depending on trim packages ordered. To increase interior storage, waterproof storage compartments were added under the rear seats. The North American market 2019-present Ford Ranger is produced at Ford's Michigan Assembly Plant (formerly Wayne Stamping and Assembly). The plant most recently produced the 2012-2018 Ford Focus and 2013-2018 Ford C-Max. When production of the Ford Focus ended in May of 2018, the plant was retooled to produce the new Ranger. The first battery electric vehicle produced by Ford in North America,
8704767
Appalachia (Mesozoic)


. Just like the "Claosaurus" specimen, it is possible that the specimens of "Niobrarasaurus", "Silvisaurus" and "Hierosaurus" floated into the Interior Seaway from the east, since these two species of nodosaurids were discovered in the famous chalk formations of Kansas and are not known from any location from Western North America. Kansas was also a part of Appalachia when the other parts were covered by oceans, which were a part of the Western Interior Seaway. While remains of the advanced ceratopsians, most notably the centrosaurines
264392
Carex interior


Carex interior is a species of sedge known by the common name inland sedge. It is native to much of North America from Alaska to northern Mexico to the mid-Atlantic United States. It grows in wet habitat, most often in calcareous soils. This sedge produces clumps of stems approaching a meter in maximum height, with a few leaves at each stem. The inflorescence is an open array of star-shaped spikes of flowers covered with gold scales. The fruit is coated in a toothed, red-tipped perigynium.
3596207
New Spain


the Cayman Islands, Trinidad, and the Bay Islands). Until the 18th century, when Spain saw its claims in North America threatened by other European powers, much of what were called the Spanish borderlands consisted of territory now part of the United States. This was not occupied by many Spanish settlers and was considered more marginal to Spanish interests than the most densely populated and lucrative areas of central Mexico. To shore up its claims in North America, starting in the late 18th century Spanish expeditions to the Pacific Northwest explored and
17084623
Norse colonization of North America


killed by the natives. She pulled one of her breasts out of her bodice and struck it with the sword, frightening the natives, who fled. Purported runestones have been found in North America, most famously the Kensington Runestone. These are generally considered to be hoaxes or misinterpretations of Native American petroglyphs. There are many claims of Norse colonization in New England, none well-founded. Monuments claimed to be Norse include: The nineteenth-century Harvard chemist Eben Norton Horsford connected the Charles River Basin to places described in the
6306724
Gold Prospectors Association of America


The Gold Prospectors Association of America (GPAA) is an organization dedicated to finding and mining gold on a small or recreational scale. It has gold claims across America and members can work the claims for a yearly fee. The club is headquartered in Temecula, California. Most, if not all GPAA, activities are in the United States. The organization was founded in 1968 "to preserve and promote the great heritage of the North American Prospector." The association opposes mining methods that harm the environment and is against anti-
14880778
Geology of the Bryce Canyon area


2000 million years of the Earth's history. Bryce Canyon's formations are the youngest known units in the Grand Staircase. Younger rock units, if they ever existed, have been removed by erosion. In the Cretaceous, a shallow seaway spread into the interior of North America from the Gulf of Mexico in the south into Utah and later to the Arctic Ocean in the far north. Geologists call this shallow sea the Cretaceous Seaway or Western Interior Seaway. The seaway divided North America into two halves: an eastern portion dominated by
4747836
Eastern savannas of the United States


and were also linked to the great interior plains grasslands to the west of the region. As a result, elements of the prairie flora became established throughout the region, first by simple migration, but then also by invading disjunct openings (including glades and barrens) that were forming in the canopy of more mesic forests. During most of the climatic shifts of the last 100,000 years, most plant migration in Eastern North America occurred along a more or less north-south axis. The climate optimum was significant because it made conditions
10318205
Sedgwick County, Kansas


Sedgwick County (county code: SG) is a county located in the U.S. state of Kansas. As of the 2010 census, the population was 498,365, making it the second-most populous county in Kansas. The county seat is Wichita, the most populous city in the state. For many millennia, the Great Plains of North America was inhabited by nomadic Native Americans. From the 16th century to 18th century, the Kingdom of France claimed ownership of large parts of North America. In 1762, after the French and
11194310
Pawnee, Kansas


days in 1862 but was not federally recognized). For many millennia, the Great Plains of North America was inhabited by nomadic Native Americans. From the 16th century to 18th century, the Kingdom of France claimed ownership of large parts of North America. In 1762, after the French and Indian War, France secretly ceded New France to Spain, per the Treaty of Fontainebleau. In 1802, Spain returned most of the land to France. In 1803, most of the land for modern day Kansas was acquired by the United
5735890
Clements, Kansas


Clements is an unincorporated community in Chase County, Kansas, United States. For many millennia, the Great Plains of North America was inhabited by nomadic Native Americans. From the 16th century to 18th century, the Kingdom of France claimed ownership of large parts of North America. In 1762, after the French and Indian War, France secretly ceded New France to Spain, per the Treaty of Fontainebleau. In 1802, Spain returned most of the land to France. In 1803, most of the land for modern day Kansas was
9122559
Vapor barrier


18°C (65°F). For building in most parts of North America, where winter heating conditions predominate, vapor barrier are placed toward the interior, heated side of insulation in the assembly. In humid regions where warm-weather cooling predominates within buildings, the vapor barrier should be located toward the exterior side of insulation. In relatively mild or balanced climates, or where assemblies are designed to minimize condensation conditions, a vapor barrier may not be necessary at all. An interior vapor retarder is useful in heating
15325971
Brent Crude


movements, regional demand variations, and even politics. The depletion of the North Sea oil fields is one explanation for the divergence in forward prices. The US Energy Information Administration attributes the price spread between WTI and Brent to an oversupply of crude oil in the interior of North America (WTI price is set at Cushing, Oklahoma) caused by rapidly increasing oil production from Canadian oil sands and tight oil formations such as the Bakken Formation, Niobrara Formation, and Eagle Ford Formation. Oil production in the interior of North America has
13074776
Spanish conquest of Honduras


Spanish dominion across most of Honduras; the main phase of the Spanish conquest was complete by 1539, although Olancho and the east were not brought within the Spanish Empire for some decades to come. The modern republic of Honduras lies in the heart of Central America; it covers an area of and is the second-largest country in Central America. The interior is mostly mountainous. It is bordered to the north by the Caribbean Sea, to the west by Guatemala, to the southwest by El Salvador, and to the southeast
21859069
Territorial evolution of the United States


of the southern states proclaimed their secession from the country and formed the Confederate States of America. The American Civil War led to the defeat of the Confederacy in 1865 and the eventual readmission of the states to the United States Congress. The country's expansion beyond North America began in 1856 with the passage of the Guano Islands Act, causing many small and uninhabited, but economically important, islands in the Pacific Ocean and Caribbean Sea to be claimed. Most of these claims were eventually abandoned due to competing claims from other countries or
3029806
Americas


Andes, with Aconcagua of Argentina being the highest; in North America Denali (Mount McKinley) in the U.S. state of Alaska is the tallest. Between its coastal mountain ranges, North America has vast flat areas. The Interior Plains spread over much of the continent, with low relief. The Canadian Shield covers almost 5 million km² of North America and is generally quite flat. Similarly, the north-east of South America is covered by the flat Amazon Basin. The Brazilian Highlands on the east coast are fairly smooth but
10499091
George Rogers Clark


in the interior of North America also helped him became an "important source of leadership and information (although not necessarily accurate) on the West." Clark is best known as a war hero of the Revolutionary War in the West, especially as the leader of the secret expeditionary forces that captured Kaskaskia, Cahokia, and Vincennes in 1778–79. Some historians have suggested that the campaign supported American claims to the Northwest Territory during negotiations that resulted in the Treaty of Paris (1783). Clark's Grant, the large tract of
9605553
Douglas County, Kansas


Douglas County (county code DG) is a county located in the U.S. state of Kansas. As of the 2010 census, the county population was 110,826, making it the fifth-most populous county in Kansas. Its county seat and most populous city is Lawrence. For millennia, the Great Plains of North America was inhabited by nomadic Native Americans. From the 16th century to 18th century, the Kingdom of France claimed ownership of large parts of North America. In 1762, after the French and Indian War, France secretly
11263629
Dillon, Kansas


Dillon is a rural unincorporated community in Dickinson County, Kansas, United States. For many millennia, the Great Plains of North America was inhabited by nomadic Native Americans. From the 16th century to 18th century, the Kingdom of France claimed ownership of large parts of North America. In 1762, after the French and Indian War, France secretly ceded New France to Spain, per the Treaty of Fontainebleau. In 1802, Spain returned most of the land to France. In 1803, most of the land for modern day Kansas
12470088
Holland, Kansas


Holland is a rural unincorporated community in Dickinson County, Kansas, United States. For many millennia, the Great Plains of North America was inhabited by nomadic Native Americans. From the 16th century to 18th century, the Kingdom of France claimed ownership of large parts of North America. In 1762, after the French and Indian War, France secretly ceded New France to Spain, per the Treaty of Fontainebleau. In 1802, Spain returned most of the land to France. In 1803, most of the land for modern day Kansas
12470089
Rally-X


Midway Games for released in North America. It ran on the Namco Pac-Man arcade board. "Rally-X" was one of Namco's first video games to be imported outside Japan, due to their business relations with Midway. It was presented at the Amusement Machine Operator's Union of America trade show in North America, alongside Namco's own "Pac-Man" and William's "Defender". Despite rumors that executives claimed "Rally-X" would be the most successful, Namco's marketing team
4409602
Derecho


. A surface low pressure center formed and became more impressive later in the day. Derechos in North America form predominantly from April to August, peaking in frequency from May into July. During this time of year, derechos are mostly found in the Midwestern United States and the U.S. Interior Highlands most commonly from Oklahoma and across the Ohio Valley. During mid-summer when a hot and muggy air mass covers the north-central U.S., they will often develop farther north into Manitoba or Northwestern Ontario, sometimes well north of the
16581996
Geology of the United States


Pacific, Columbia Plateau, Basin and Range, Colorado Plateau, Rocky Mountains, Laurentian Upland, Interior Plains, Interior Highlands, Appalachian Highlands, Atlantic Plain, Alaskan, and Hawaiian. Each province has its own geologic history and unique features. This article will describe each province in turn. This region is one of the most geologically young and tectonically active in North America. The generally rugged, mountainous landscape of this province provides evidence of ongoing mountain-building. The Pacific Province straddles the boundaries between several of Earth's moving
17519735
Geology of the Zion and Kolob canyons area


. Rifting in the Gulf of Mexico helped the southern end of the basin to subside, which allowed marine water to advance northward. At the same time, the shoreline advanced inland from the Arctic region. The seas advanced and retreated many times during the Cretaceous until one of the most extensive interior seaways ever, called the Western Interior Seaway, drowned much of western North America from the Gulf of Mexico to the Arctic Ocean. The western shoreline of the seaway was in the vicinity of Cedar City, Utah while the eastern margin
2103135
Kosmoceratops


the upper part of its lower unit to the upper part of its middle unit, in sediments dating 76.4–75.5 million years old. The formation was deposited in the southern part of the Western Interior Basin on the eastern margin of Laramidia (an island continent that is today's western North America) within of the Western Interior Seaway, a shallow sea in the center of North America that divided the continent (the eastern landmass is known as Appalachia). The basin was broad, flat, crescent-shaped, and bounded by mountains
20724486
Oldest railroads in North America


existence of the industries of necessary scale to be able to build a railroads many components. Without such service, much of the interior would be unproductively stranded without means of getting products in or out to markets. With the advent of the adolescence of the Iron Horse's technologies in the 1850s, the interior of North America away from navigable streams could be and has been settled and exploited. In 1840, there were of usable railroad track in the United States. Two decades later, the mileage had grown to more than .
7213019
Marion Reservoir


north-east of the dam. The closest cities are Marion (east of reservoir) and Hillsboro (west of reservoir). For many millennia, the Great Plains of North America was inhabited by nomadic Native Americans. From the 16th century to 18th century, the Kingdom of France claimed ownership of large parts of North America. In 1762, after the French and Indian War, France secretly ceded New France to Spain, per the Treaty of Fontainebleau. In 1802, Spain returned most of the land to France. In
15239648
Jacques Cartier


(in addition of course to the Natives who first inhabited the territory). Cartier's particular contribution to the discovery of Canada is as the first European to penetrate the continent, and more precisely the interior eastern region along the St. Lawrence River. His explorations consolidated France's claim of the territory that would later be colonized as New France, and his third voyage produced the first documented European attempt at settling North America since that of Lucas Vázquez de Ayllón in 1526–27. Cartier's professional abilities can be easily ascertained. Considering that
20646722
The Maritimes


to the region was reaffirmed. Colonial administration by France throughout the history of Acadia was contemptuous at best. France's priorities were in settling and strengthening its claim on New France and the exploration and settlement of interior North America and the Mississippi River valley. Over 74 years (1689–1763) there were six colonial wars, which involved continuous warfare between New England and Acadia (see the French and Indian Wars as well as Father Rale's War and Father Le Loutre's War). Throughout these wars, New England was allied with
7539487
Fort McMurray International Airport


12 recipients of the Governor General's Medals in Architecture. The most striking feature is the unique laminated pine wood beam used to support the roof, which is the largest of this type of material in North America. Some of pine wood material was used to build the roof using engineered timber reclaimed from forested areas in interior British Columbia that were devastated by pine beetle infestation in the mid-2000s. The exposed mass timber structure complements the other refined yet durable materials used for the terminal's interior, including triple glazed windows, terrazzo flooring
6320326
History of the United States


Dené-speaking peoples entered North America starting around 8000 BCE, reaching the Pacific Northwest by 5000 BCE, and from there migrating along the Pacific Coast and into the interior. Linguists, anthropologists and archeologists believe their ancestors comprised a separate migration into North America, later than the first Paleo-Indians. They migrated into Alaska and northern Canada, south along the Pacific Coast, into the interior of Canada, and south to the Great Plains and the American Southwest. They were the earliest ancestors of the Athabascan- speaking peoples, including
16887508
Wila (lichen)


America traditionally ate large amounts of this lichen. There are reports that among the Flathead of Montana, even the smallest family would harvest over 10 kg of wila every July. Wila is traditionally eaten by First Peoples throughout most of its range in North America. In the past, this lichen was eaten in large quantities by indigenous peoples in the interior of British Columbia, Washington, and northern Oregon, as well as in parts of Idaho and Montana. Some indigenous peoples in northern California and southern Oregon occasionally used wila for food
11288944
Vernon, British Columbia


the largest city in the North Okanagan Regional District. A resident of Vernon is called a "Vernonite". In 2005, on an episode of "The Early Show", Vernon was ranked as one of the top six most desirable communities to retire to in North America by "Consumer Reports". The site of the city was discovered by the Okanagan people, a tribe of the Interior Salish people, who initially named the community Nintle Moos Chin, meaning "jumping over place where the creek narrows". This name
17367374
Chase County, Kansas


Chase County (county code CS) is a county located in the U.S. state of Kansas. As of the 2010 census, the county population was 2,790. Its county seat and most populous city is Cottonwood Falls. The center of population of Kansas is located in Chase County, about four miles north of Strong City. For many millennia, the Great Plains of North America was inhabited by nomadic Native Americans. From the 16th century to 18th century, the Kingdom of France claimed ownership of large parts of North America. In
11264053
Brainerd, Kansas


Brainerd is an unincorporated community in Butler County, Kansas, United States. It is located on the north side of K-196 highway between the cities of Whitewater and Potwin. For many millennia, the Great Plains of North America was inhabited by nomadic Native Americans. From the 16th century to 18th century, the Kingdom of France claimed ownership of large parts of North America. In 1762, after the French and Indian War, France secretly ceded New France to Spain, per the Treaty of Fontainebleau. In 1802, Spain returned most
12003792
Prehistory of the United States


known Cretaceous bird whose remains are found with any frequency in North America. Near the end of the Cretaceous, the Western Interior Seaway began to withdraw. This regression would end up resulting in both halves of North America reuniting. As the seaway withdrew a coastal plain expanded southward into the northern part of the western interior. Powerful geologic forces began to fold and distort the rocks of Idaho, Utah, and Wyoming, beginning the processes that would form the Rocky Mountains. Rivers flowing across the eastern part of what is now Montana
13695263
Sage Automotive Interiors


plants in North America, Brazil, China, Japan, India, Thailand, Europe and Korea, and employees over 2,000 people. Sage Automotive Interiors was established in 1948 as Milliken Automotive Division. In the 1970s, the company became the first supplier to develop double-needle bar fabrics, acquiring Chrysler as a new U.S. customer and launching an export business with Japanese automakers Honda and Toyota. In 1984–85, the company began producing fabrics in North America for Honda and Toyota. Throughout the 1980s and 1990s, Milliken Automotive Division opened
14945296
Volkswagen Westmoreland Assembly


into oblivion." By 1983 Westmoreland went back to using stiffer shocks and suspension with higher-quality interior trim. Volkswagen claimed to have made 1,300 changes to the Rabbit for the 1983 model year, with all Rabbit models getting a retuned suspension with stiffer spring rates and revised shock valving. This, along with the North American introduction of the GTI, was part of efforts by new Volkswagen CEO (and former Volkswagen of America president) Carl Hahn and American Volkswagen brand leader Jim Fuller to de-Americanize the VW brand in
13653873
Mazda RX-8


claiming the first fleet deliveries of a dual hydrogen/gasoline production car. In 2008, 30 RX-8 HRE were delivered to HyNor. In 2005 and 2006, Mazda introduced the first special edition of the RX-8 called "Sports Prestige Limited" in Japan and "Shinka" in North America. The Shinka takes its name from the Japanese word meaning "transformation" or "evolution". Marketed as a more luxurious grand touring model, it came with Black Cherry and pearl white Mica exterior colour and Parchment leather and suede interior along
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Salix exigua


Salix exigua (sandbar willow, narrowleaf willow, or coyote willow; syn. "S. argophylla, S. hindsiana, S. interior, S. linearifolia, S. luteosericea, S. malacophylla, S. nevadensis," and " S. parishiana") is a species of willow native to most of North America except for the southeast and far north, occurring from Alaska east to New Brunswick, and south to northern Mexico. It is considered a threatened species in Massachusetts while the in Connecticut, Maryland, and New Hampshire it is considered endangered.
11181180
Cardinal Richelieu


strategic location, the St. Lawrence–Great Lakes gateway into the North American interior — to develop into a French empire in North America, parts of which eventually became modern Canada and Louisiana. As of April 2013, the "Internet Movie Database" listed ninety-four films and television programs in which Cardinal Richelieu is a character. Richelieu is one of the clergymen most frequently portrayed in film, notably in the many versions of Alexandre Dumas's "The Three Musketeers". He is usually portrayed as a sinister character, but
5088793
Warren County, New York


, and interior sections of North America. In the summer, the Gulf Stream can bring days of hot, moist, humid air to the county. Extratropical storms often affect the county; in the winter, Nor'easters bring heavy snow and rain, and sometimes high wind. Fall and spring are generally relatively mild and pleasant, with fall foliage regarded as some of the most stunning in the country. In the summer and fall, back door cold fronts move in from the north and bring thunderstorms, sometimes severe. As of
9716092
Peace of Utrecht


Uruguay to Portugal and recognised Portuguese sovereignty over the lands between the Amazon and Oyapock rivers, now in Brazil. In North America, France recognised British suzerainty over the Iroquois, ceded Nova Scotia and its claims to Newfoundland and territories in Rupert's Land. The French portion of Saint Kitts in the West Indies was also ceded in its entirety to Britain. France retained its other pre-war North American possessions, including Cape Breton Island, where it built the Fortress of Louisbourg, then the most expensive military installation in North America
13119928
Exploration of the Pacific


more thoroughly mapped the west coast of Canada. In 1803/6 Adam Johann von Krusenstern led the first Russian circumnavigation and investigated both sides of the North Pacific. In 1820 Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen saw Antarctica. A number of other voyages are listed in "European and American voyages of scientific exploration." Spain on the west coast of North America: For Europeans in the Age of Exploration western North America was one of the most distant places on earth (9 to 12 months of sailing). Spain had long claimed the entire west
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80th meridian west


The meridian 80° west of Greenwich is a line of longitude that extends from the North Pole across the Arctic Ocean, North America, the Atlantic Ocean, the Caribbean Sea, Central America, South America, the Pacific Ocean, the Southern Ocean, and Antarctica to the South Pole. In Antarctica, the meridian defines the western limit of the British territorial claim and passes through the Chilean claim - the two claims overlap. The 80th meridian west forms a great circle with the 100th meridian east. Starting at the North Pole
9645065
Geology of the United States


stable core of North America. This area had formed when several small continents collided and welded together well over a billion years ago, during the Precambrian. Precambrian metamorphic and igneous rocks now form the basement of the Interior Plains and make up the stable nucleus of North America. With the exception of the Black Hills of South Dakota, the entire region has low relief, reflecting more than 500 million years of relative tectonic stability. Throughout the Paleozoic and Mesozoic Eras the mostly low-lying Interior Plains region remained relatively unaffected by the
17519782
History of Native Americans in the United States


where slaughter and butchering of bison took place. Folsom tools were left behind between 9000 BCE and 8000 BCE. Na-Dené-speaking peoples entered North America starting around 8000 BCE, reaching the Pacific Northwest by 5000 BCE, and from there migrating along the Pacific Coast and into the interior. Linguists, anthropologists, and archeologists believe their ancestors comprised a separate migration into North America, later than the first Paleo-Indians. They migrated into Alaska and northern Canada, south along the Pacific Coast, into the interior of Canada
18197585
Ford Tempo


performing a loop on a stunt track. The commercials touted the Tempo as being "America's all new aerodynamic sedan" and listed features such as "the world's most advanced automotive computer", called EEC-IV, that claimed to have the ability to monitor up to seven vital engine functions, and noted the interior to be roomier in the rear seat than a Mercedes-Benz 300D. Other ads featured the slogan "Pick up the Tempo of your life!" The first generation Tempo and Topaz were released in 1983
2142906
Leucopaxillus giganteus


the temperate zone of the northern hemisphere. It is found in North America, Britain, and Europe. David Arora reports that in North America, it is most common in the Pacific Northwest and the Rocky Mountains. Although one source claims that the species is a "choice edible when young", another source warns of the possibility of stomach cramps and diarrhea. Burrows suggests preparing specimens by cutting them up and boiling the pieces, and disposing of the water; then they may be used in dishes such as stews and casseroles
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Interior Alaska-Yukon lowland taiga


The Interior Alaska-Yukon lowland taiga ecoregion, in the Taiga and Boreal forests Biome, of far northern North America. This is a region of spruce taiga forest covering much of the central and northern interior of the U.S. state of Alaska and Yukon, Canada, from the Bering Sea and Beaufort Sea coasts to the Richardson Mountains in the east with the Brooks Range to the north and the Alaska Range to the south. This is an area of low hills and flatlands from sea level to 600m. In the northeast of
14495034
Western Interior Seaway


The Western Interior Seaway (also called the Cretaceous Seaway, the Niobraran Sea, the North American Inland Sea, and the Western Interior Sea) was a large inland sea that existed during the mid- to late Cretaceous period as well as the very early Paleogene, splitting the continent of North America into two landmasses, Laramidia to the west and Appalachia to the east. The ancient sea stretched from the Gulf of Mexico and through the middle of the modern-day countries of the United States and Canada, meeting with the Arctic Ocean
14751044
Long-toed salamander


into western North America is based on a descriptive account of fossils, genetics, and biogeography. The long-toed salamander's closest living sister species is "A. laterale", a native to northeastern North America. Ambystomatidae was isolated to the southeast of the mid-Continental or Western Interior Seaway during the Cretaceous (~145.5–66 Ma). While three other species of the Ambystomatidae ("A. tigrinum", "A. californiense", and "A. gracile") have overlapping ranges in western North America, the long-toed
20619675
Denali


Denali () (also known as Mount McKinley, its former official name) is the highest mountain peak in North America, with a summit elevation of above sea level. With a topographic prominence of and a topographic isolation of , Denali is the third most prominent and third most isolated peak on Earth, after Mount Everest and Aconcagua. Located in the Alaska Range in the interior of the U.S. state of Alaska, Denali is the centerpiece of Denali National Park and Preserve. The Koyukon people who inhabit the area around the mountain
171072
Rhineuridae


Rhineuridae is a family of amphisbaenians (commonly called worm lizards) that includes one living genus and species, "Rhineura floridana", as well as many extinct species belonging to both "Rhineura" and several extinct genera. The living "R. floridana" is found only in Florida no further north than the panhandle, but extinct species ranged across North America, some occurring as far west as Oregon. The family has a fossil record stretching back 60 million years to the Paleocene and was most diverse in the continental interior during the
14276280
Erie Plain


The Erie Plain is a lacustrine plain that borders Lake Erie in North America. From Buffalo, New York, to Cleveland, Ohio, it is quite narrow (at best only a few miles/kilometers wide), but broadens considerably from Cleveland around Lake Erie to Southern Ontario, where it forms most of the Ontario peninsula. The Erie Plain was used in the United States as a natural gateway to the North American interior, and in both the United States and Canada the plain is heavily populated and provides very fertile agricultural
6934036
Acrocanthosaurus


most likely existed between 125 and 100 million years ago. During this time, the area preserved in the Twin Mountains and Antlers formations was a large floodplain that drained into a shallow inland sea. A few million years later, this sea would expand to the north, becoming the Western Interior Seaway and dividing North America in two for nearly the entire Late Cretaceous. The Glen Rose Formation represents a coastal environment, with possible "Acrocanthosaurus" tracks preserved in mudflats along the ancient shoreline. As "Acrocanthosaurus" was a large predator
7125179
Geology of North America


have removed this overlying regolith to reveal the underlying glacially scarred crystalline rock. The stable platform is an area in which the North American Craton forms a basement and is covered by sediment. This area now forms much of the Interior Plains and the slope of the Appalachians below the mountains proper. This area has been covered by a shallow inland sea, which became the site of deposition for most of the overlying sedimentary rock. The sea receded as the continent rose becoming covered by stream, lake, and wind deposits. Orogenies in
9238730
Barton County, Kansas


Barton County (standard abbreviation: BT) is a county located in the U.S. state of Kansas. As of the 2010 census, the county population was 27,674. Its county seat and most populous city is Great Bend. The county is named in honor of Clara Barton, responsible for the founding of the American Red Cross. For many millennia, the Great Plains of North America was inhabited by nomadic Native Americans. From the 16th century to 18th century, the Kingdom of France claimed ownership of large parts of North America.
11264092
Allen County, Kansas


Allen County (county code AL) is a county located in southeast portion of the U.S. state of Kansas. It is 504 square miles, or 322,560 acres in size. As of the 2010 census, the population was 13,371. Its county seat and most populous city is Iola. For many millennia, the Great Plains of North America was inhabited by nomadic Native Americans. From the 16th century to 18th century, the Kingdom of France claimed ownership of large parts of North America. In 1762, after the French and Indian
11264122
Russian America


barely half of the expenses spent solely on the Saint Petersburg company office. The Russo-American Treaty of 1824 recognized exclusive Russian rights to the fur trade above Latitude 54°, 40' North, with the American rights and claims restricted to below that line. This division was repeated in the Treaty of Saint Petersburg, a parallel agreement with the British in 1825 (which also settled most of the border with British North America). However, the agreements soon went by the wayside, and with the retirement of Alexandr Baranov
12391478
Canada, Kansas


Canada is an unincorporated community in Marion County, Kansas, United States. It is named for many Canadian immigrants coming to the area. For many millennia, the Great Plains of North America was inhabited by nomadic Native Americans. From the 16th century to 18th century, the Kingdom of France claimed ownership of large parts of North America. In 1762, after the French and Indian War, France secretly ceded New France to Spain, per the Treaty of Fontainebleau. In 1802, Spain returned most of the land to France.
1516004
Rose Hill, Kansas


Rose Hill is a city in Butler County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2010 census, the city population was 3,931. For many millennia, the Great Plains of North America was inhabited by nomadic Native Americans. From the 16th century to 18th century, the Kingdom of France claimed ownership of large parts of North America. In 1762, after the French and Indian War, France secretly ceded New France to Spain, per the Treaty of Fontainebleau. In 1802, Spain returned most of the land to France.
21413321
Whitewater, Kansas


Whitewater is a city in Butler County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2010 census, the city population was 718. For many millennia, the Great Plains of North America was inhabited by nomadic Native Americans. From the 16th century to 18th century, the Kingdom of France claimed ownership of large parts of North America. In 1762, after the French and Indian War, France secretly ceded New France to Spain, per the Treaty of Fontainebleau. In 1802, Spain returned most of the land to France. In
21413338
Cedar Point, Kansas


Cedar Point is a city in Chase County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2010 census, the city population was 28. For many millennia, the Great Plains of North America was inhabited by nomadic Native Americans. From the 16th century to 18th century, the Kingdom of France claimed ownership of large parts of North America. In 1762, after the French and Indian War, France secretly ceded New France to Spain, per the Treaty of Fontainebleau. In 1802, Spain returned most of the land to France.
21413350
Elmdale, Kansas


Elmdale is a city in Chase County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2010 census, the city population was 55. For many millennia, the Great Plains of North America was inhabited by nomadic Native Americans. From the 16th century to 18th century, the Kingdom of France claimed ownership of large parts of North America. In 1762, after the French and Indian War, France secretly ceded New France to Spain, per the Treaty of Fontainebleau. In 1802, Spain returned most of the land to France. In
21413373
Carlton, Kansas


Carlton is a city in Dickinson County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2010 census, the city population was 42. For many millennia, the Great Plains of North America was inhabited by nomadic Native Americans. From the 16th century to 18th century, the Kingdom of France claimed ownership of large parts of North America. In 1762, after the French and Indian War, France secretly ceded New France to Spain, per the Treaty of Fontainebleau. In 1802, Spain returned most of the land to France. In
21414010
Hesston, Kansas


Hesston is a city in Harvey County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2010 census, the city population was 3,709. Hesston is home of Hesston College. For many millennia, the Great Plains of North America was inhabited by nomadic Native Americans. From the 16th century to 18th century, the Kingdom of France claimed ownership of large parts of North America. In 1762, after the French and Indian War, France secretly ceded New France to Spain, per the Treaty of Fontainebleau. In 1802, Spain returned most
21456958
Lehigh, Kansas


Lehigh is a city in Marion County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2010 census, the city population was 175. For many millennia, the Great Plains of North America was inhabited by nomadic Native Americans. From the 16th century to 18th century, the Kingdom of France claimed ownership of large parts of North America. In 1762, after the French and Indian War, France secretly ceded New France to Spain, per the Treaty of Fontainebleau. In 1802, Spain returned most of the land to France. In
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