what is the meaning of ghodiyu in english
Ghodiyu


A ghodiyu is an infant cradle formed of a wooden frame and a cloth hammock ("jholi"). The device originated in Gujarat, India to help babies sleep. People in India have used this type of device for hundreds of years so that their baby can fall asleep quickly and get the rest they need while developing proper sleeping habits. A similar functioning device from the South India is called a jhula or parnu. A ghodiyu is a swing framework with a pair of legs on two ends of middle rod. This
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Ghodiyu


was originally made of wood (called "sankheda"), however, in modern times strong and durable material such as stainless steel is used during the manufacturing. The frame is often hooked onto a hammock which harnesses the young baby. Typically, a ghodiyu is designed to have a low center of gravity. This enables a person to swing the child back and forth. Indian people believe that the rocking motion soothes and relaxes the child and puts them to sleep quickly by replicating the comfort and security of the womb. Indian
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English contract law


most quoted passage in English courts on the canons of interpretation is found in Lord Hoffmann's judgment in "ICS Ltd v West Bromwich BS". Lord Hoffmann restated the law that a document's meaning is what it would mean (1) to a reasonable person (2) with knowledge of the context, or the whole matrix of fact (3) except prior negotiations (4) and meaning does not follow what the dictionary says but meaning understood from its context (5) and the meaning should not contradict common sense
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Old English metre


, but what does it all mean in the overall study of Old English poetry? As mentioned above, the fact that the structure of Old English poetry is so rigid and formulaic is an incredibly useful tool for extrapolating meaning from damaged or poorly transcribed manuscripts. For example, the first part of the “Finnsburg Fragment” is missing, but by using these basic metric ideas, at what some of the words of the last half-line can be guessed: oððe hwæþer ðǣra hyssa * * * * * or whether of
12011949
...Baby One More Time (song)


mean physically hit me. [...] It means just give me a sign, basically. I think it's kind of funny that people would actually think that's what it meant." Music journalist John Seabrook has said "Everybody thought it was some sort of weird allusion to domestic violence or something. But what it really was the Swedes using English incorrectly. What they really wanted to say was, “hit me up on the phone one more time” or something. But at that point, Max’s English
12271021
Italian Hand Gestures


upward. Arm is about a foot distance away from the body. Hands can move up and down at the wrist or be held. English meaning: What do you mean? Put your palms devoutly and press them in front of the chest. English meaning: Would you please do me a favor? Bunch ten fingers together and lift them to the same height as mouth. Then use hand to touch the lips. English meaning: Excellent. The thumb and index finger form a circle, with the other three fingers extended
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England


of Bede's "Ecclesiastical History of the English People". The term was then used in a different sense to the modern one, meaning "the land inhabited by the English", and it included English people in what is now south-east Scotland but was then part of the English kingdom of Northumbria. The "Anglo-Saxon Chronicle" recorded that the Domesday Book of 1086 covered the whole of England, meaning the English kingdom, but a few years later the "Chronicle" stated that King Malcolm III went
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Comparison of American and British English


BrE "I'm quite hungry" can mean "I'm somewhat hungry". This divergence of use can lead to misunderstanding. Most speakers of American English are aware of some uniquely British terms, It is generally very easy to guess what some words, such as "driving licence", mean. However, use of many other British words such as "naff" (slang but commonly used to mean "not very good") are unheard of in American English. Speakers of BrE are likely to understand most common
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List of English-language idioms of the 19th century


This is a list of idioms that were recognizable to literate people in the late-19th century, and have become unfamiliar since. As the article list of idioms in the English language notes, a list of idioms can be useful, since the meaning of an idiom cannot be deduced by knowing the meaning of its constituent words. See that article for a fuller discussion of what an idiom is, and what it is not. In addition, the often-obscure references or shared values that lie behind an idiom will themselves lose
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What Does Anything Mean? Basically


What Does Anything Mean? Basically is the second studio album by English post-punk band the Chameleons. It was recorded in January 1985 and released 1 October 1985 by record label Statik. One single was released from the album: "Singing Rule Britannia (While the Walls Close In)". "What Does Anything Mean? Basically" was recorded in January 1985 at Highland Studios in Inverness, Scotland. The album's sole single, "Singing Rule Britannia (While the Walls Close In)", was released on
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Hilary Putnam


filled with HO. Consequently, when an earthling, Fredrick, uses the Earth-English word "water", it has a different meaning from the Twin Earth-English word "water" when used by his physically identical twin, Frodrick, on Twin Earth. Since Fredrick and Frodrick are physically indistinguishable when they utter their respective words, and since their words have different meanings, meaning cannot be determined solely by what is in their heads. This led Putnam to adopt a version of semantic externalism with regard to meaning
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Latin syntax


confusion, since the "quīn" clause, though positive in Latin, is translated in English with a negative: In the following context, the words after " express not what actually happened but what very nearly happened: The pronoun " 'who' or 'which', when followed by a subjunctive, can mean 'a person such as' (generic): It can also mean 'in order to' (purpose): Another meaning is 'in view of the fact that' (giving an explanation)
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Pontyates


heritage trail. According to the BBC Wales programme 'What's in a name'. 'Pontyates' is said to have been named after an English family, Yates. 'Pont' translates as 'bridge' in English and the Welsh word 'Y' means 'of'. This would mean the literal translation of Pontyates is Bridge-of-Yates. However, due to the name's similarity to the local word 'iet' meaning 'gate' the village is more commonly referred to as 'Pontiets'
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Comparison (grammar)


"less" and "least" (from "little/few") in English, and "meilleur" (from "bon") and "mieux" (from the adverb "bien") in French. Most if not all languages have some means of forming the comparative, although these means can vary significantly from one language to the next. Comparatives are often used with a conjunction or other grammatical means to indicate with what the comparison is being made, as with "than" in English, "als
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Craic


reborrowed into English. Under either spelling, the term has great cultural currency and significance in Ireland. The word "crack" is derived from the Middle English "crak", meaning "loud conversation, bragging talk". A sense of "crack" found in Northern England and Scotland meaning "conversation" or "news" produces expressions such as "What's the crack?", meaning "how are you?" or "have you any news?" The context involving "news" and "gossip"
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Textualism


not what this man meant, but what those words would mean in the mouth of a normal speaker of English, using them in the circumstances in which they were used ... We do not inquire what the legislature meant; we ask only what the statutes mean." Strict constructionism is often misused by laypersons and critics as a synonym for textualism. Nevertheless, although a textualist could be a strict constructionist, these are distinctive views. To illustrate this, it may be quoted Justice Scalia, who warns that "[t]extualism should
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Land in English law


The meaning of land in English law encompasses a number of things, beyond the earth itself, such as fixtures, and easements. Its definition is practically important in English land law, because when a purchase of property in land is made, without specifying what exactly will be transferred, the law must give an answer as to what should accompany the transfer. Property in land, under the English system of rules, is said to be "four dimensional". It covers not just area (two dimensions), but also
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Ferdinand Foch


never doubt." English Translation: " Accepting the idea of a defeat, is being defeated..." English Translation: "The reality of the battlefield is that there you don't study: you simply do what you can in order to apply what you know" English translation: "Aeroplanes are interesting scientific toys, but they are of no military value."(1911) English Translation: "Work must be done, always work to keep up, because means evolve and accordingly solutions change daily. Conducting the next war with
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Franglais


and plural) meaning 'a lapel pin'; or word order, e.g. meaning 'a walkie-talkie' (hand-held, two-way radio). For those who do not speak English, such words may be believed to exist as such in English. However, in Canada, where both English and French are spoken, expressions such as and are not used.) Some examples of Franglais are in fact imagined or examples of words being adopted from one language into another in the opposite direction of what
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Paul Ziff


was thinking about the reasons why a work of art is either good or bad, and so he was interested in determining what the phrase 'good painting' means. From there, he went on to determine what the word 'good' means in English: viz., "answering to certain interests". And then all the way to "an informal introduction to and sketch of a rigorous semantic theory" that would be adequate for "determining a method and a means of evaluating and choosing between competing analyses of words
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Semantic primes


word can be added as a shorthand substitute for a 'text' in the natural semantic metalanguage, a 'text' that can convey what English speakers mean by "lie", by "what a person does when he says something not true because he wants someone to think it true". Any English word can be described (defined) with a text using a primitive lexicon of about 60 words (concepts) in the English natural semantic metalanguage. Likewise can any complex semantic sentence in English be paraphrased reductively to the
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Christianese


e. g. English); however, without an understanding of the passage of Bible, issue of theology or (sometimes) specific doctrine at the forefront of the mind of the speaker, the listener has no context to understand what is being said. For example, a phrase like, "Washed in the blood" in Christianese means "My sins are forgiven because I believe in the terms of salvation as defined by Jesus." However, without an understanding of Jesus, what he did, or what his actions mean in
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English-language idioms


An idiom is a common word or phrase with a culturally understood meaning that differs from what its composite words' denotations would suggest; "i.e." the words together have a meaning that is different from the dictionary definitions of the individual words. By another definition, an idiom is a speech form or an expression of a given language that is peculiar to itself grammatically or cannot be understood from the individual meanings of its elements. For example, an English speaker would understand the phrase ""kick the bucket"" to
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Instrumental case


"hwæt" (now "what") in the Old English instrumental casea grammatical feature rare even in Old English. The modern instrumental case (as present in "why") does not bear the meaning of instrument, but of purpose, cause, or reason: rather, the closely related form "how" is used to express instrument, way, or means. The instrumental case in Classical Sanskrit can have several meanings: In Standard Assamese (এ)ৰে "(e)re" indicates the instrumental case. (এ)দি "
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Originalism


argued that interpreting what was meant by someone who wrote a law was not trying to "get into his mind" because the issue was "not what this man meant, but what those words would mean in the mouth of a normal speaker of English, using them in the circumstances in which they were used." This is the essential precept of modern originalism. The most robust and widely cited form of originalism, "original meaning", emphasizes how the text would have been understood by a reasonable person in the historical
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Philosophy of language


it is that distinguishes one particular language from another. What is it that makes "English" English? What's the difference between Spanish and French? Chomsky has indicated that the search for what it means to be a language must begin with the study of the internal language of persons, or I-languages, which are based upon certain rules (or principles and parameters) which generate grammars. This view is supported in part by the conviction that there is no clear, general, and principled difference between one language and
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Incest


the Balinese and some Inuit tribes, have different views about what constitutes illegal or immoral incest. However, sexual relations with a first-degree relative (meaning a parent or sibling) are almost universally forbidden. The English word "incest" is derived from the Latin "incestus", which has a general meaning of "impure, unchaste". It was introduced into Middle English, both in the generic Latin sense (preserved throughout the Middle English period) and in the narrow modern sense. The derived adjective "incestuous
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Dunglish


idiom meaning roughly "I can stand up for myself"). The former leader of the Dutch Liberal Party, Frits Bolkestein, repeatedly referred to economic prospects as "golden showers", unaware of the term's sexual connotation. Errors often occur because of the false friend or false cognate possibility: words are incorrectly translated for understandable reasons. Examples are: Some Dutch speakers may use Dutch syntax inappropriately when using English, creating errors such as "What mean you?" instead of "What do you mean?" This
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Interpreting contracts in English law


Interpreting contracts in English law is an area of English contract law, which concerns how the courts decide what an agreement means. It is settled law that the process is based on the objective view of a reasonable person, given the context in which the contracting parties made their agreement. This approach marks a break with previous a more rigid modes of interpretation before the 1970s, where courts paid closer attention to the formal expression of the parties' intentions and took more of a literal view of what they had said. The process
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Wiccan Rede


The Wiccan Rede is a statement that provides the key moral system in the neopagan religion of Wicca and certain other related witchcraft-based faiths. A common form of the Rede is "An’ ye harm none, do what ye will". The word "rede" derives from Middle English, meaning "advice" or "counsel", and being closely related to the German or Scandinavian . "An'" is an archaic Middle English conjunction, meaning "if." "Ye" is an archaic or dialectal
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Adjective


)" (Spanish). As for "confusion" with verbs, rather than an adjective meaning "big", a language might have a verb that means "to be big", and could then use an attributive verb construction analogous to "big-being house" to express what English expresses as "big house". Such an analysis is possible for the grammar of Standard Chinese, for example. Different languages do not always use adjectives in exactly the same situations. For example, where English uses "to
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Technical translation


communication has negatively affected native Spanish speakers in the United States. Lacking both in quality and quantity, user manuals for various electronic devices exemplified sub-par translations into Spanish, demonstrating the limited accessibility of certain technical documents to speakers of languages other than English, perhaps partly as a result of English as the lingua franca. Finally, when discussing English as a lingua franca it is noteworthy to mention what some researchers call "untranslatable" words and what that means for technical translation. Such words or phrases are composed of concepts that
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Jurisprudence


acts should be subject to legal sanctions, and what sorts of punishment should be permitted. The English word is derived from the Latin, "iurisprudentia". "Juris" is the genitive form of "jus" meaning law, and "prudentia" means prudence (also: discretion, foresight, forethought, circumspection. It refers to the exercise of good judgment, common sense, and caution, especially in the conduct of practical matters. The word first appeared in written English in 1628, at a time when the word
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Criticism


how cultural productions relate to other cultural productions, and what their place is within a particular genre, or a particular cultural tradition. This section is about the origin and evolution of the meanings of the expression "criticism". The early English meaning of criticism was primarily literary criticism, that of judging and interpreting literature. Samuel Johnson is often held as the prime example of criticism in the English language, and his contemporary Alexander Pope's "Essay on Criticism" is a significant landmark. In the course of the 17th century
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English clause syntax


"will": see the article Shall and Will for a discussion of the two auxiliary verbs used to form the simple future in English. "Will" and "would" can be used with a different meaning to futurity or conditionality: The "will" construction can be used to indicate what the speaker views as facts about the future: It can also indicate a combination of futurity and intentional or volitional modality: It can also indicate predictive modality — what the speaker intends as predictions about the future: The "will
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Pronoun


non-personal interrogative pronouns ("which" and "what") have only one form. In English and many other languages (e.g. French and Czech), the sets of relative and interrogative pronouns are nearly identical. Compare English: "Who is that?" (interrogative) and "I know the woman who came" (relative). In some other languages, interrogative pronouns and indefinite pronouns are frequently identical; for example, Standard Chinese means "what?" as well as "something" or "
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Harry Schwarz


. Schwarz described how he was "lucky" as eventually he was able to sleep in a bathroom in a rusty bath. He spoke no Afrikaans or English at first and had strong memories of being taunted on the schoolyard for being different. Schwarz stated in an interview in 1991 that "I know what the word discrimination means, not because I've read it in a book, but because I've been the subject of it. And I know what it means to be hungry." The discrimination and financial difficulties of
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Dumfries


to a third theory, the name is a corruption of two Old English or Old Norse words which mean "the Friars’ Hill"; those who favour this idea allege the formation of a religious house near the head of what is now the Friars’ Vennel. If the name were English or Norse, however, the expected form would have the elements in reversed orientation (compare Clarendon). A Celtic derivation is therefore preferred. Moreover, the Brittonic element "drum", meaning "ridge", and the Gaelic
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Hong Kong English


bilingual. English is what distinguished most and those who spoke English or were taught English were considered the elite, meaning those able to be taught English were considered upperclassmen. Since the Handover, English in Hong Kong remains primarily a second language, in contrast to Singapore where English has been shifting toward being a first language. The falling English proficiency of local English language teachers has come under criticism. The proportion of the Hong Kong population who report using English (that is, all forms) as their "usual spoken language"
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Anglicisation


are a sensitive subject. Following centuries of English rule in Ireland, Douglas Hyde delivered an argument for de-anglicisation before the Irish National Literary Society in Dublin, 25 November 1892: "When we speak of 'The Necessity for De-Anglicising the Irish Nation', we mean it, not as a protest against imitating what is best in the English people, for that would be absurd, but rather to show the folly of neglecting what is Irish, and hastening to adopt, pell-mell, and, indiscriminately
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Wang Chi-chen


he remembered Professor Wang's "frequent exasperated outbursts,'You mean you don't even know "that" character?" or 'What kind of English is that!'" Watson continued that the hours spent with him that year "left me with the conviction that in translating such texts, it is not enough merely to bring across the meaning of the Chinese; one must do so in a manner that reads like natural idiomatic English. This conviction has remained with me through the years and informed all my work as a translator of
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Continuous and progressive aspects


and the present progressive can have distinct meanings in Italian. Both can be used for present-time actions in progress: "parlo con Mario" and "sto parlando con Mario" can both mean 'I'm speaking with Mario (this moment, right now)', but only the bare present can be used to express ongoing state, as in "parlo inglese" 'I speak English', i.e. to convey the information 'I am able to speak English' (regardless of what I am doing at the
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Passive voice


-passive" (although the latter term can also be used with other meanings). The active voice is the dominant voice used in English. Many commentators, notably George Orwell in his essay "Politics and the English Language" and Strunk & White in "The Elements of Style", have urged minimizing use of the passive voice, but this is almost always based on these commentators' misunderstanding of what the passive voice is. What they want to criticize are sentences whose content and style are weak and "passive"
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Polish profanity


. Movies of different genres also use profanity at times. A number of words in the Polish lexicon have been borrowed from foreign languages and used with similar meanings. There are several profane words or expressions that have been borrowed from other languages. One such word would be MILF. Borrowed from the English language, it means exactly what it does in its original context. The use of the abbreviation "WTF", as in "what the fuck" can also be used in Polish profanity. Some profanities, such as "
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Harry Kinnard


'" McAuliffe's response was passed on to the two German officers who didn't understand its meaning. Colonel Joseph Harper, commanding the 327th Glider Infantry Regiment, who had delivered the message, explained to the Germans, "If you don’t know what 'nuts' means, in plain English it is the same as 'go to hell.'" McAuliffe asked Kinnard to compose a message that he delivered to the troops in Bastogne on Christmas Day, 1944. The message has been variously recorded as: What's
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ASL interpreting


-to-one word correspondence, meaning interpreters cannot simply translate word-for-word. They must determine how to effectively communicate what one interlocutor means, rather than strictly what they say, to the other. Sometimes these judgement calls and various linguistic barriers cause the interpreters to affect the flow of conversation. For example: if a medical professional asks a patient if they are "sexually active," the interpretation can become complicated, because while the English phrase makes no overt reference to a partner or a specific act
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D'You Know What I Mean?


"D'You Know What I Mean?" is a song by the English rock band Oasis. Written by Noel Gallagher, it was released on 7 July 1997 as the first single from their third album "Be Here Now" (1997). The song reached number one on the UK Singles Chart, the third Oasis song to do so. The single also claimed the number-one position in Finland, Ireland, Italy and Spain, and it reached the top five in New Zealand, Norway and Sweden. In the
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Phrasal verb


suggests that such constructions should form phrases. In most cases however, they clearly do "not" form phrases. Hence the very term "phrasal verb" is misleading and a source of confusion, which has motivated some to reject the term outright. The aspect of phrasal verb constructions that makes them difficult to learn for non-native speakers of English is that their meaning is non-compositional. That is, one cannot know what a given phrasal verb construction means based upon what the verb alone and/or the preposition and/or
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Dán Díreach


grouped into broad and slender. The broad vowels are a, o, u, á, ó, & ú. The slender vowels are e, i, é & í. Consonants were classed as broad or slender depending on what vowels preceded them. "Comhardadh" means literally "correspondence" or equality, and approximates to rhyme in English but has a wider meaning. "Comhardadh slán" means 'perfect rhyme' and "comhardadh briste" means 'broken rhyme'. "Comhardadh" could be final, internal
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Suspiria de Profundis


Suspiria de profundis (a Latin phrase meaning "sighs from the depths") is one of the best-known and most distinctive literary works of the English essayist Thomas De Quincey. First published in fragmentary form in 1845, the work is a collection of short essays in psychological fantasy — what De Quincey himself called "impassioned prose," and what is now termed prose poetry. The essays of the "Suspiria" "are among the finest examples of De Quincey's or anyone else's English style." "Some
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Central Alaskan Yup'ik language


have very different views when it comes to word order. In English, word order tells us what the subject and object are. In Yupʼik this word order is less emphasized because grammatical affixes tell you what the subject as well as the object are. For example, the sentence: 'the dog bit the preacher' means something different in English when it is changed to 'the preacher bit the dog'. In Yupʼik however, 'the dog bit the preacher' is, 'qimugtem keggellrua agayulirta' where 'qimugtem
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Robert Claiborne


, Claiborne turned to another lifelong interest: linguistics in general and the English language in particular. His "Our Marvelous Native Tongue" (also called "The Life and Times of the English Language") is a well-known book about the origins and evolution of English, spanning subjects as diverse as the Indo-Europeans, the Saxons, the King James Bible, Pidgin English, and African American Vernacular English (also called 'Ebonics'). During this late period, he also produced "Saying What You Mean
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Hard to Be a God


Remembering their childhood, Pashka wonders whether that episode, when Anton decided to disobey a "wrong way" sign, and found 'a skeleton of a fascist', had a deeper meaning, but he does not say what that meaning is. The first English translation of the novel by Wendayne Ackerman, published in 1973, was made from a German translation rather than the original Russian. In 2014 the Chicago Review Press published the first English translation, by Olena Bormashenko, made directly from the Russian original. Theodore Sturgeon praised
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God's Word Translation


and grammar may no longer mean what they once did, or are not understood. Closest natural equivalent translation (CNE) provides readers with a meaning in the target language that is equivalent to that of the source language. It seeks to express that meaning naturally, in a way that a native English speaker would speak or write. Finally, it expresses the meaning with a style that preserves many of the characteristics of the source text. CNE does not, however, attempt to make all books or passages function on the same
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Generic antecedent


. In these examples, some speakers might mean that all nurses are female, or that all bosses are male, while others might intend the pronouns as generic and hence gender-unspecific. Ambiguity arises from the possibility that the listener might interpret the meaning differently from what the speaker intended. Speakers of all languages use words "both" to make distinctions "and" to generalize: What has become controversial among users of English is the choice of pronoun to refer back to a generalized, and hence generic, singular antecedent such
1370349
Consciousness


, he would be able to take questions and give answers without any algorithms for English questions, and he would be effectively aware of what was being said and the purposes it might serve. Searle would pass the Turing test of answering the questions in both languages, but he is only conscious of what he is doing when he speaks English. Another way of putting the argument is to say that computer programs can pass the Turing test for processing the syntax of a language, but that the syntax cannot lead to semantic meaning
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Dara Ó Briain


Telegraph". On 9 August 2006, he hosted the first edition of his chat show "Turn Back Time". On 1 October 2009, Ó Briain released his first book entitled "Tickling the English", about what he considers it means to be English. As part of its promotion, he has stated that he is enthusiastic about English culture and a student of English history, his favourite events being the Gin Craze and the civil war. In a review of "Tickling the English" Ó Briain was described as
13631962
English-language learner


. The English teacher also is not able to focus on the basic language skills which is important for English language learners. The pull-out program consists of the English teacher pulling the ELL out of the classroom to learn English language skills. The pull out program means that the child will miss out on what happens within their classroom and this can provide a disadvantage for that student because they are missing out from having the community feeling and being left out of some activities as a class. Also, the teacher might be frustrated
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Comparison of American and British English


a biscuit (from the French twice baked as in biscotto) is what in BrE is called a scone and a biscuit in BrE is in AmE a cookie (from the Dutch 'little cake'). As chronicled by Winston Churchill, the opposite meanings of the verb "to table" created a misunderstanding during a meeting of the Allied forces; in BrE to table an item on an agenda means to "open it up" for discussion whereas in AmE, it means to "remove" it from discussion, or
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Werowocomoco


Werowocomoco was a village that served as the headquarters of the Powhatan, a Virginia Algonquian political and spiritual leader when the English founded Jamestown in 1607. The name "Werowocomoco" comes from the Powhatan "werowans" ("weroance"), meaning "leader" in English; and "komakah" (-comoco), "settlement". The town was documented by English settlers in 1608 as located near the north bank of the York River in what is now Gloucester County. It was separated by that river and the narrow
18815251
Old English grammar


counselors of (the) West Saxons") have been "extraposed" from (moved out of) the compound subject they belong in, in a way that would be impossible in modern English. In Old English, case inflection preserves the meaning: the verb "beniman" "to deprive" (appearing in this sentence in the form "benam", "[he] deprived") needs a word in the genitive case to show what someone or something is deprived of, which in this sentence is "rīces
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Language death


and especially in regions that were once under colonial rule, where vestiges of colonial domination are a sensitive subject. Following centuries of English rule in Ireland and English imposition of the English language, an argument for de-anglicization was delivered before the Irish National Literary Society in Dublin, 25 November 1892; "When we speak of 'The Necessity for De-Anglicising the Irish Nation', we mean it, not as a protest against imitating what is best in the English people, for that would be absurd, but rather
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Basic English


words (the core 850 words, plus 200 international words, and 1000 words for the general fields of trade, economics, and science). It is enough for a "standard" English level. This 2000 word vocabulary represents "what any learner should know". At this level students could start to move on their own. Ogden's and Voice of America's serve as dictionaries for the Simple English Wikipedia. Basic English includes a simple grammar for modifying or combining its 850 words to talk about additional meanings (morphological
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Yoseikan budō


the art "yō-sei-kan" is derived from three Japanese characters, "yō" meaning 'teaching', "sei" meaning "truth", "kan" meaning "place", which may be translated roughly into English as "the place where the truth is taught" or alternately "place for practising what is right". The intent of the name was not to assert an exclusive possession of the truth regarding the martial arts but rather to describe how the comprehensive nature of the yoseikan training environment
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Notes from a Small Island


his first arrival, what a counterpane was, and assuming it was something to do with a window. It is a British English word that means quilt.) Bryson also recalls first going into an English tobacconist's and hearing the man in front of him ask for "Twenty Number 6", and assuming that everything in Britain was ordered by number. (A popular brand at the time was "Players No. 6", and in British English it is usual to ask for 'twenty' (cigarettes),
19628196
Commutative property


the word "commutatives" when describing functions that have what is now called the commutative property. The word is a combination of the French word "commuter" meaning "to substitute or switch" and the suffix "-ative" meaning "tending to" so the word literally means "tending to substitute or switch." The term then appeared in English in 1838 in Duncan Farquharson Gregory's article entitled "On the real nature of symbolical algebra" published in 1840 in the Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. In truth
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Rhyming slang


have been invented by Irish immigrants to London "so the actual English wouldn't understand what they were talking about." Many examples of rhyming slang are based on locations in London, such as "Peckham Rye", meaning "tie" (as in necktie), which dates from the late 19th century; "Hampstead Heath", meaning "teeth" (usually as "Hampsteads"), which was first recorded in 1887; and "Barnet Fair", meaning "hair", which dates from the 1850s
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Samatva


Samatva (Sanskrit: समत्व, also rendered "samatvam" or "samata") is the Hindu concept of equanimity. Its root is "sama" (सम) meaning – equal or even."Sāmya" - meaning equal consideration towards all human beings - is a variant of the word. "Samatva" occupies a high place in the "Bhagavad Gita" where it means even-mindedness or what would be called in English "equanimity". Krishna in the context of metaphysical knowledge refers to equanimity when he tells Arjuna
9965672
International student


of the difficulty with grammar and spelling, differences in culture, or a lack of confidence in English academic writing. Insightful opinions may lose the original meaning when transformed from the student's native language to English. Even if international students acquire good scores in English proficiency exams or are able to communicate with native British students frequently in class, they often find that the wording and formatting of academic papers in English-speaking universities are different from what they are used to due to certain cultural abstraction. Students who experience this discrepancy get
18213058
Cajun English


now frequently spoken by even the youngest Cajuns, and is seeing something of a cultural renaissance. In recent years, due to influence from tourism and a resurgence of pride in their cultural identity, a new era of linguistic innovation for Cajun English has begun. Dramatic differences are developing along both gender and generational lines as for how Cajun English is used and what it means to be Cajun. Cajun English is spoken throughout Louisiana and up through the gulf of Texas. Its speakers are often descendants of Acadians from Nova Scotia, Canada
1988841
Singdarin


. In some circumstances, there is code-switching with English. Singdarin vocabulary consists of a large number of words from English, Hokkien and Malay, among other languages, often when speakers do not know the Mandarin equivalent of what they wish to express, and instead use English words to convey the meaning. It is almost identical to the Colloquial Malaysian Mandarin spoken in Malaysia, while native Chinese from China or native Taiwanese from Taiwan generally find it difficult to understand Singdarin due to large number of English or non-Mandarin words
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Compound (linguistics)


how "rakta" becomes "ratta" in Tamil order to remove the consonant-cluster. This also happens with English, for examples "kāpi-kaṭai" (coffee shop) is from English "coffee", which becomes "kāpi" in Tamil, and the Tamil "kaṭai" meaning shop. Tłįchǫ Yatiì/Dogrib: In Germanic languages (including English), compounds are formed by prepending what is effectively a namespace (disambiguation context) to the main word. For example, "football" would be a
18606252
Fuck


fuccant vvivys of heli", which translated means, "They are not in heaven, because they fuck the women of Ely". The phrase was probably encoded because it accused monks of breaking their vows of celibacy; it is uncertain to what extent the word "fuck" was considered acceptable at the time. The stem of "fuccant" is an English word used as Latin: English medieval Latin has many examples of writers using English words when they did not know the Latin word: ""workmannus"" is
19570700
Schipperke


in 1889. Much of what is known of their origins and early history comes from "Chasse et Pêche" (French for "Hunting and Fishing") magazine, articles from which were translated into English and published by the English magazine "The Stockkeeper". The breed name of "Schipperke", in English-speaking nations, was thought to mean "little boatman". However while they were occasionally seen on barges it was not their original or primary function, and in the areas of Leuven and Brussels "schipper
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Meaning (linguistics)


term "semantics" from French. Languages allow information to be conveyed even when the specific words used are not known by the reader or listener. People connect words with meaning and use words to refer to concepts. A person's intentions affect what is meant. "Meaning" (in English) as "intent" harkens back to the Anglo-Saxons and is associated today still, with the German verb "meinen" as to think or intend. Ferdinand de Saussure, in founding semiology, his original subset of the
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Saadet Aksoy


. Even though my brothers and I were having so much fun together, I was also quite introverted. Movies were what took me away to completely different lands, and cinema has always amazed me since my childhood." She takes her first name Saadet from her grandmother on her father's side who died before she was born, and like most Turkish names, it has a specific meaning. The word "saadet" means "bliss" in English. Saadet Aksoy studied English Language and Literature at Bogazici University in Istanbul.
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Lordship salvation controversy


of understanding the English idiom, of what receiving a person "as" Lord, really means. Yet the "as Lord" language was not the only metaphor of the controversy. In 1959, Eternity Magazine featured a twin set of articles which ignited the debate and the use of the idiom from the titles: what Christ must "be." This asked what Christ must "be" to the one accepting Christ: must he "be Lord" in order to "be Savior," both, etc. Ten
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Goddess movement


code of behavior, there are commonly held tenets and concepts within the movement that form a basis for ethical behavior. Those participants in Goddess spirituality who define themselves as Wiccan, usually follow what is known as the Wiccan Rede: " 'An it harm none, do what ye will", ("an" being an archaic English word understood to mean "if", or "as long as"). Many also believe in the Threefold Law, which states that "what you send (or do),
4215596
Elements of music


important to bear in mind when examining multi-cultural associations, is that an English-language word (i.e. the word "music"), not a universal concept, is the object of scrutiny. For this reason it is important to approach apparently equivalent words in other languages with caution. Based on the many disparate definitions that can be found just in English language dictionaries (; ; ; ), it seems there is no agreement on what the word "Music" means in English, let alone determining a potentially equivalent word
345241
David Beauchard


volume autobiographical epic "l'Ascension du Haut Mal" (meaning, literally, "The Rise of the High Evil" but published in English as "Epileptic", "haut mal" indicating what is referred to in English as a grand mal seizure). It was the first of his long works to be translated into English, and is now considered to be among the masterpieces of recent Franco-Belgian comics. The series has been repeatedly nominated for prizes at the Angoulême International Comics Festival : in 2002, the fourth volume
488989
Music of Finland


rock music. However, its true meaning is a more specific one, meaning rock/pop music with Finnish lyrics. As a genre and a name it really started its life in the 1980s following the punk movement. It means rock/pop music, that is not only imitating international trends or otherwise having international sound and English lyrics, but a form of rock-music, that is recognizably Finnish and have Finnish lyrics. A more and more general and recent term is "suomipop". The boundaries between what is
11420296
English language


to hang out", "to put up with", etc. The phrasal verb frequently has a highly idiomatic meaning that is more specialised and restricted than what can be simply extrapolated from the combination of verb and preposition complement (e.g. "lay off" meaning "terminate someone's employment"). In spite of the idiomatic meaning, some grammarians, including , do not consider this type of construction to form a syntactic constituent and hence refrain from using the term "phrasal verb". Instead, they consider the construction
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Ali Haider Tabatabai


understand the extent of accuracy in meanings and sense. If either of the poem is translated into another language in text the reader will find no resemblance what so ever, but translating an idiom of English into an idiom of Urdu conveying exactly the same sense though word to word meanings might be different. This can very easily be seen in the Titles of two poems, Thomas Grays elegy's title is "elegy written in Country Churchyard" and Gor e Gharibaan is Persian. Meaning Graves of the poor, sense is the same
17325889
Sandra Cisneros


she feels that Spanish better conveys the meaning or improves the rhythm of the passage. However, where possible she constructs sentences so that non-Spanish speakers can infer the meaning of Spanish words from their context. In "Woman Hollering Creek and Other Stories" Cisneros writes: "La Gritona. Such a funny name for such a lovely "arroyo". But that's what they called the creek that ran behind the house." Even if the English-speaking reader does not initially know that "arroyo" means "
2713106
Mother tongue mirroring


mean what they mean. In another example from German: In French: In Turkish: In Armenian: In German: Mother tongue mirroring is most helpful for discovering the hidden anatomy of foreign grammars, especially of non-related languages. In Mandarin: Untranslatable particles such as Mandarin "le", meaning 'temporary change of state or situation', are simply inserted in the mirrored version: For more Chinese constructions mirrored in English see Wu. Making a structure transparent is not an aim in itself but serves the ultimate aim
3318276
English as a lingua franca


English as a lingua franca (ELF) is the use of the English language as "a common means of communication for speakers of different first languages". ELF is also "defined functionally by its use in intercultural communication rather than formally by its reference to native-speaker norms" whereas English as a foreign language aims at meeting native speaker norms and gives prominence to native speaker cultural aspects. While lingua francas have been used for centuries, what makes ELF a novel phenomenon is the extent to which it is used – both
12433520
Turn-taking


higher than in English conversation. Japanese speakers make use of backchannel far more than American English speakers. In recorded conversations between pairs of same-sex college-age friends, Maynard (1990) found that English-speaking students used backchannel expressions such as "uh-huh" or "right", mainly at grammatical completion points. Less frequently, the English speakers moved their head or laughed while the other speaker paused or after an utterance was completed. B: Yeah I think I know what you mean./ In contrast,
13566827
L'Extase matérielle


'L'Extase matérielle' is an essay written by French Nobel laureate J. M. G. Le Clézio. The book's title means Material Ecstasy in English. This essay may be advising that we should pay the utmost attention to what there is around us, not to what there might be or ought to be. According to a review of 'L'Extase matérielle' the reasoning behind the essay is to accept that "what there is is all there is"(and to demand more is ludicrous) This essay consists of personal deliberations, discursively written,
14788194
Gujarati language


meaning: What remains are words of foreign origin ("videśī"), as well as words of local origin that cannot be pegged as belonging to any of the three prior categories ("deśaj"). The former consists mainly of Persian, Arabic, and English, with trace elements of Portuguese and Turkish. While the phenomenon of English loanwords is relatively new, Perso-Arabic has a longer history behind it. Both English and Perso-Arabic influences are quite nationwide phenomena, in a way paralleling "tatsam
13605173
Old English


word order. As such, it is not typical of Old English prose. The modern cognates of original words have been used whenever practical to give a close approximation of the feel of the original poem. The words in brackets are implied in the Old English by noun case and the bold words in brackets are explanations of words that have slightly different meanings in a modern context. Notice how "what" is used by the poet where a word like "lo" or "behold" would be expected. This usage is
2648558
Locative adverb


phrase "at home". Pro-form locative adverbs generally form a closed class and are particularly important in a language. Examples in English include "there" (meaning "at that place"), "whither" (= "to what place"), and "hence" (= "from this place"). As can be seen from these examples, the anaphoric locative adverbs generally have a close relationship with the demonstratives (in English, "this" and "that"). They are also usually
17051041
French articles and determiners


, French does not. As in English, possessive determiners do not necessarily express true "possession" in the sense of ownership. Their forms are as follows: The demonstrative determiners (or "demonstrative adjectives") can mean either "this" or "that", "these" or "those". To be more precise or to avoid ambiguity, "-ci" or "-là" can be inserted after the noun: The interrogative determiner "quel" means "which" or "what". It agrees
8418443
Scientology terminology


the indoctrination boils down to: "Do what Ron says!" Nomenclature begins in Dianetics where Hubbard uses basic english and some adjectives as nouns to obviate the necessity of having to explain the old to understand the new. With the exception of the Biology definition of the word engram, which differs from the commonly accepted medical definition, most terms used in do not have existing meanings in English. The word "percept" exists in the English language but the word "perceptic" seems to be unique to Scientology as in the
17862360
Lazy Mutha Fucka


), is one of the strongest cursing phrases in Cantonese mingled with English phrases like ""You know what the fuck I'm sayin~"" . In English, "Hum Ga Ling" literally means "Put one's entire family into hell (or death)." The song is packed with foul language in Cantonese and English. Since the public response of Hong Kong to the media was and is still very conservative, LMF continued to remain low key, though it was well received underground. The emergence of LMF
20727089
Colegio Arji


) Primaria (Elementary) Secundaria (Middle School) Bachillerato (High School) English is taught from the first year of kindergarten and upon passing of the third year, children go into what is called "Primero de Inglés" meaning "First Year of English", instead of going into first grade of Primaria as is common in most schools. The year centers around an immersion program where children are expected to become fluent in English, however, this is contradictory as in most cases, over half of their students never actually
21916897
Nigerian English


another in usage, the rules applying to the former also apply to the latter) in what Okoro refers to as "substandard" varieties of Nigerian English. However, there are a few features that have united across NE communities that bridge the differences between different varieties even within NE, all pertaining to cultural values that are expressed uniquely in English terms. Two prevalent examples are "sorry" and "sir." The literal meaning of sorry usually indicates some sort of responsibility on the part of the person saying it; however
3977865
Satellaview


Broadcast Satellite, a common name of one of the direct broadcast satellites in Japan. Because the Satellaview was only released in Japan, there has been some confusion among English-speaking enthusiasts as to what the "BS" prefix means. As a result, a number of mistranslations have been introduced into common use today and are prevalent on English-speaking fan sites, most commonly either "Bandai Satellaview" or "Broadcast Satellaview". Another common mistake that can be found on English-speaking fan sites is the application of
5349219
Consciousness


, in fact), a book that designates a combination of Chinese symbols to be output paired with Chinese symbol input, and boxes filled with Chinese symbols. In this case, the English speaker is acting as a computer and the rulebook as a program. Searle argues that with such a machine, he would be able to process the inputs to outputs perfectly without having any understanding of Chinese, nor having any idea what the questions and answers could possibly mean. If the experiment were done in English, since Searle knows English
5775853
Party for Everybody


. When the Buranovskie Babushki came to the studio with their written text, the English part, too, was ready. A member of the ensemble stated what some parts of the song mean in English: "We sing about lighting the oven, kneading dough, and spreading out a tablecloth while waiting for the children to come home. And we say when our children come home, we will have fun and dance.". The members of the group also stated that learning the English words wasn't too difficult. The
7557466
Craic


Craic ( ) or crack is a term for news, gossip, fun, entertainment, and enjoyable conversation, particularly prominent in Ireland. It is often used with the definite article – "the" craic – as in the expression "What's the craic?" (meaning "How are you?" or "What's happening?"). The word has an unusual history; the Scots and English "crack" was borrowed into Irish as "craic" in the mid-20th century and the Irish spelling was then
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