who was assassinated to start world war i
History of Sarajevo


history of Habsburg Sarajevo, and perhaps in the city's history, occurred. The Assassination in Sarajevo, during which a young Serb nationalist Gavrilo Princip assassinated Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria and his wife Sophie, Duchess of Hohenberg, on their visit to the city, started a chain of events that would lead to World War I. At the end of the Great War and as part of the 1919 Paris Peace Conference, Austria-Hungary ceased to exist. Sarajevo became part of the new Kingdom of Yugoslavia. After World War I
167739
Assassin's Creed


"Assassin's Creed Syndicate", "Assassin's Creed III", "Assassin's Creed Chronicles", and "Assassin's Creed Origins", respectively, with World War I appearing as a section of "Syndicate", and World War II as an easter egg in "Unity". In June 2013, Ubisoft CEO Yves Guillemot stated on the development cycle of the games, saying, "We are making sure the teams who are creating the different iterations have enough time—two years, three years, so
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Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand


by Serb nationalists and dignitaries, who, along with Bosnian Serbs, view "Princip as a hero." On the 100th anniversary of the assassination, a statue of Gavrilo Princip was erected in East Sarajevo. This was followed by another statue in Belgrade, which was erected in June 2015. Serbian history textbooks deny that Serbia or Princip were responsible for starting World War I, laying blame on the Central Powers instead. Milorad Dodik acknowledged that Bosnia is "still divided", but maintained that Princip was a "freedom fighter
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History Line: 1914-1918


was designed to be educational, starting with an animation depicting the Western Front in 1916, and a sequence showing the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria, heir to the throne of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, whose assassination in Sarajevo precipitated the Austrian declaration of war against Serbia which triggered World War I. After completing each map the player receives information about the course of the war (the game is linear - it is impossible to change history). The information includes text and illustrations taken from contemporary newspapers, both on key
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Sretensk prisoner of war camp


camp worsened. A number of prisoners joined rival factions during the Russian Civil War while those who remained came under fire when the fighting spread to the camp. The last prisoners were evacuated from the camp in the middle of 1921. The 28 June 1914 assassination of Austro-Hungarian heir presumptive Archduke Franz Ferdinand precipitated Austria-Hungary's declaration of war against Serbia. The conflict quickly attracted the involvement of all major European countries, pitting the Central Powers against the Entente coalition and starting World War I. Russia fought on the side of
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Diet of Bosnia


arguments of their right over Bosnia and Herzegovina, which started even with the first bill concerning the opening of a postal savings bank. This together with the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria on 28 June 1914 finally led to the cessation of the meetings on July 9. World War I shortly followed. The Bosnian Diet was officially dissolved by order of 6 February 1915. Until World War I, Bosnia and Herzegovina was a separate governing body within the structure of the Austro-Hungarian monarchy. It had a special legal system
18664563
Bulletproof vest


800 silk vests to protect themselves. On 28 June 1914, Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria, heir to the throne of Austria-Hungary was fatally shot, triggering World War I; despite owning a silk bulletproof vest, which tests by Britain's Royal Armouries indicate would likely have stopped a bullet of that era, and despite being aware of potential threats to his life including an attempted assassination of his uncle a few years earlier, Ferdinand was not wearing his on that fateful day. The combatants of World War I started the
17049629
Henri Gaebelé


were looted and burned, politicians were assassinated and bombs were exploded. In 1914 Gaebelé regained control through an extraordinary reversal, where he became an ally of Bluysen and helped him get reelected, while Lemaire sided with Pierre. While Europe was engaged in World War I (1914–18) the political situation in India calmed down. Gaebelé controlled French India from the start of World War I until 1927, with increased importance in the 1920s. He arranged for supply of drinking water to Pondicherry, Karaikal and Chandannagar, and suppressed the epidemics
8372580
Centenary of the outbreak of World War I


The centenary of the outbreak of World War I was commemorated in Europe in late July and early August 2014. A century earlier, the July Crisis, which occurred after the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, had culminated in Austria-Hungary declaring war on the Kingdom of Serbia, which Austria-Hungary blamed for the assassination, on 28 July 1914. Over the following days and weeks, this action and the invasion of Luxembourg and Belgium by the German Empire led to a succession of other declarations of war that drew the major
14372594
Europe


Famine, caused death and mass emigration of millions of Irish people. In the 19th century, 70 million people left Europe in migrations to various European colonies abroad and to the United States. Demographic growth meant that, by 1900, Europe's share of the world's population was 25%. Two world wars and an economic depression dominated the first half of the 20th century. World War I was fought between 1914 and 1918. It started when Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria was assassinated by the Yugoslav nationalist Gavrilo Princip. Most
9156102
Canne de combat


task force of the French Third Republic) until World War I. The millions of French lives lost during the war caused the discipline nearly to disappear. The techniques continued, however, to be taught in a few "savate" boxing clubs that reopened in between the two wars and managed to survive World War II. There is reputed to be a group who operated during the Nazi occupation who used cane techniques to carry out assassinations. Cane fighting techniques of the late 1950s and 1960s were influenced by a few skilled individuals who revived
16369199
Miloš Crnjanski


. Then he started attending the Export academy in Rijeka in 1912, and in the autumn of the following year he started studying in Vienna. At the beginning of World War I, Crnjanski was persecuted as part of the general anti-Serbian retribution of Austria to Princip's assassination in Sarajevo, but instead of being sent to jail, he was drafted to army and sent to Galician frontline to fight against the Russians where he was wounded in 1915. During most of these tragic war days, Crnjanski spent time alone in a
19692570
The Hunter (comics)


Rykov’s assistant, and is determined to start World War Three in order to wipe humanity from the face of the Earth, and repopulate the planet with Sleepers, who are, in his view, more perfect creatures and better suited to inherit the planet. Freak, Loni and Hunter kill the remaining Sleepers and take Tomsky into custody. Hunter races to Washington with Dexter. He learns that Tomsky’s plan to trigger World War started with the attacks and culminates with the assassination of the President during the State-of-the
13859730
Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria


before the motorcade reached the Konak. The assassinations, along with the arms race, nationalism, imperialism, militarism, and the alliance system all contributed to the origins of World War I, which began a month after Franz Ferdinand's death, with Austria-Hungary's declaration of war against Serbia. The assassination of Ferdinand is considered the most immediate cause of World War I. Franz Ferdinand is interred with his wife Sophie in Artstetten Castle, Austria. Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his Castle of Artstetten were selected as a main motif for
18081405
.380 ACP


(blowback-operated) submachine guns, such as the Ingram MAC-11 and the Czech vz. 83. The .380 ACP has experienced very widespread use in the years since its introduction (1908 United States, 1912 Europe). In 1914, it was used by Gavrilo Princip to assassinate Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his wife Sophia, the event which is credited with starting World War I. It was later adopted by the armies of at least five European nations as their standard pistol cartridge before World War II; Czechoslovakia (Vz.38),
3861402
Testament of Youth (film)


Richardson. Against her father's opposition, she passes the entrance examination for Somerville College, Oxford. Before enrolling at Oxford, Vera and Roland—who shares her interest in writing and poetry—begin a romance, although she knows that Victor is in love with her. After the assassination of Archduke Ferdinand starts World War I, Vera helps convince her father to let Edward join the army instead of studying at Oxford; Roland and Victor also join, and Roland is the first to reach the Western Front. As long lists
5097701
Petar Kočić


taken up by South Slav nationalists such as Gavrilo Princip, the Young Bosnian who assassinated Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria in June 1914, precipitating the July Crisis and the outbreak of World War I. Young revolutionaries, Butler writes, "learned from Kočić's example that Bosnia could not be freed through the law and the courts." The radical land reforms advocated by Kočić only came to fruition after World War I, following the collapse of Austria-Hungary and the creation of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes, which was
12556235
House of Savoy


medal of Great Official of Savoy Military Order, greatly outraging a large part of the public opinion. As a result, Umberto I was assassinated in July 1900 in Monza by Gaetano Bresci, the brother of one of the women massacred in the crowd, who traveled back to Italy from the United States for the assassination. The king had previously been the target of failed assassination attempts by anarchists Giovanni Passannante and Pietro Acciarito. When the First World War ended, the Treaty of Versailles fell short of what had been promised in the
20107994
Home front during World War I


, was assassinated at the start of the war, the French socialist movement abandoned its antimilitarist positions and joined the national war effort. Prime Minister Rene Viviani called for unity—for a "Union sacrée" ("Sacred Union"); France had few dissenters. However, war-weariness was a major factor by 1917, even reaching the army, as soldiers were reluctant to attack—many threatened to mutiny—saying it was best to wait for the arrival of millions of Americans. The soldiers were protesting not just
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Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand


to Franz Ferdinand's assassination, Vaso Čubrilović said: "We destroyed a beautiful world that was lost forever due to the war that followed." Various countries of the former Yugoslavia, Bosniaks and Croats largely view Gavrilo Princip as a terrorist and an ethnic Serb nationalist. The 100th anniversary of the assassination was commemorated with a concert by the Vienna Philharmonic in the Sarajevo City Hall, in an event that was organized by the European Union. Austrian president Heinz Fischer was the guest of honour. The World War I commemorations were boycotted
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French Resistance


assassin did not turn himself in, and so another 50 hostages were shot, among them Léon Jost, a former Socialist deputy and one-legged veteran of the First World War, who was serving a three-year prison sentence for helping Jews to escape into Spain. The same day, the "Feldkommandant" of Bordeaux had 50 French hostages shot in that city in retaliation for Reimers's assassination. The executions in Nantes and Bordeaux started a debate about the morality of assassination that lasted until the end of the occupation;
4549353
History of Prague


into Austro-Hungary-Czech Triple Monarchy, but on June 28, 1914 he and his wife were assassinated in Sarajevo. This assassination led to World War I. World War I ended with the defeat of the Austro-Hungarian Empire and the creation of Czechoslovakia. Prague was chosen as its capital. At this time Prague was a European city with developed industrial background. In 1930 the population had risen to 850,000. For most of its history Prague had been an ethnically mixed city with important Czech, German, and Jewish populations
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List of Assassin's Creed characters


's Creed Syndicate". About to kill Otso Berg, she is forced to cover Shaun and Rebecca's escape, after the latter is shot. Lydia Frye is a British Assassin operating in London, during World War I, and the granddaughter of Jacob Frye. She crossed paths with Winston Churchill and assassinated Templar agents attempting to prolong the war, one of which was a Sage. She appears within the Helix missions in "Assassin's Creed: Syndicate". Henry Green was the Indian-born leader of the London Assassins
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British counter-intelligence against the Indian revolutionary movement during World War I


Indian leaders in Europe. A British agent called Donald Gullick was dispatched to assassinate Virendranath Chattopadhaya while the latter was on his way to Geneva to meet Mahendra Pratap to offer Kaiser Wilhelm II's invitation. It is said that Somerset Maugham, who was in the British Secret Service in Europe during the war, based a number of his stories on his first-hand experiences, modelling the character of after himself and Chandra Lal after Virendranath. The short story of "Giulia Lazzari" is a blend of Gullick's attempts to assassinate
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Belvedere, Vienna


assassination of heir-apparent Franz Ferdinand and his wife, the outbreak of World War I, and the ensuing collapse of the Habsburg Monarchy in 1918 marked the start of a new era for the Belvedere. Shortly after the end of the war in November 1918, the art historian Franz Haberditzl submitted a request to the Ministry of Education, asking for the palaces to be left to the Staatsgalerie. This application was granted the very next year. The nationalization of the Belvedere palace complex was also laid down in the draft document to
20826751
List of Medal of Honor recipients for World War I


World War I (also known as the First World War and the Great War) was a global military conflict that embroiled most of the world's great powers, assembled in two opposing alliances: the Entente and the Central Powers. The immediate cause of the war was the June 28, 1914 assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne, by Gavrilo Princip, a Bosnian Serb citizen of Austria–Hungary and member of the Black Hand. The retaliation by Austria–Hungary against Serbia activated a series
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Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria


Archduke Franz Ferdinand Carl Ludwig Joseph Maria, Archduke of Austria-Este (18 December 1863 – 28 June 1914) was a member of the imperial Habsburg dynasty, and from 1896 until his death the heir presumptive ("Thronfolger") to the Austro-Hungarian throne. His assassination in Sarajevo precipitated Austria-Hungary's declaration of war against Serbia, which in turn triggered a series of events that resulted in Austria-Hungary's allies and Serbia's declaring war on each other, starting World War I. Franz Ferdinand was born
18081378
Ersatz Monarch-class battleship


of the battleships in April 1914. Work on the first battleship was scheduled to begin a few months later, with the final ship was expected to be launched in mid-1919. However, the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand on 28 June halted work just days before the keel of the first ship in the class was scheduled to be laid down. With the start of World War I a month later, construction on the ships was postponed until September, when the war with Serbia was expected to be over. The Hungarian government attempted
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Socialist Revolutionary Party


. Gershuni had defended Azef from exile in Zürich until his death there. The Azef scandal contributed to a profound revision of SR tactics that was already underway. As a result, it renounced assassinations ("individual terror") as a means of political protest. With the start of World War I, the party was divided on the issue of Russia's participation in the war. Most SR activists and leaders, particularly those remaining in Russia, chose to support the Tsarist government mobilization against Germany. Together with the like-
19203303
General der Nachrichtenaufklärung


before being hanged by piano wire later. Colonel Hugo Kettler was a career Signals officer, who volunteered at the start of World War I, entering the "Telephone Replacement Department No. 6" () and after undergoing continual promotion during World War I and the interwar period, was a senior signals officer at the start of World War II. Colonel Hugo Kettler was a Director of OKW/Chi since the summer of 1943. Kettler was first director of HLS Ost and who would later become Chief of OKW/Chi in
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Allies of World War I


elections, followed by another in 1912. He had effectively broken the power of the pre-1910 political class and his position was then further strengthened by success in the Balkan Wars. In 1913, the Greek monarch George I was assassinated; he was succeeded by his son Constantine who had attended Heidelberg University, served in a Prussian regiment and married Sophia of Prussia, sister of Emperor William II. These links and a belief the Central Powers would win the war combined to make Constantine pro-German. Venizelos himself favoured the Entente,
17180786
French entry into World War I


battleship that would take him home, so that he could not easily coordinate with Russia. At the time of the St Petersburg summit, there were rumours, but little hard evidence, that Vienna might use the assassination to start a war with Serbia. War did not appear imminent when President Poincaré and his new Prime Minister René Viviani departed by ship for St Petersburg on 15 July, arrived on 20 July and departed for home on 23 July. The meetings were centrally concerned with the crisis unfolding in central Europe. Although Viviani
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Eastern Front (World War I)


war. Austria-Hungary's participation in the outbreak of World War I has been neglected by historians, as emphasis has traditionally been placed on Germany's role as the prime instigator. However, the "spark" that ignited the First World War is attributed to the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand by Gavrilo Princip, which took place on June 28, 1914. Approximately a month later, on July 28, 1914, Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia. This act led to a series of events that would quickly expand
15853263
The Guns of August


and Russia's approach to a future European war. "Outbreak" starts with a short introduction, which briefly mentions the event that triggered World War I. On June 28, 1914, in Sarajevo, Gavrilo Princip, a Serbian nationalist, assassinated the heir apparent to the throne of Austria-Hungary, the Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his wife Sophie, Duchess of Hohenberg. European-wide diplomacy and military preparations during July are then referenced. Chapters 6 to 9 commence with August 1914. Discussed and probed are maneuvers by leading politicians
13505761
1914 Tour de France


The 1914 Tour de France was the 12th edition of the Tour de France, taking place in 15 stages from 28 June to 26 July. The total distance was and the average speed of the riders was . It was won by the Belgian cyclist Philippe Thys. The day the Tour began, Franz Ferdinand, Archduke of Austria was assassinated in Sarajevo, marking the start of World War I. On 3 August Germany invaded Belgium and declared war on France, making this Tour the last for five years, until 1919. The three
3657346
Frederick Russell Burnham


. Roosevelt might have been a serious candidate for president in 1920 had he not died in 1919. During World War I, Burnham was living in California and was active in counterespionage for Britain. Much of it involved a famous Boer spy, Captain Fritz Joubert Duquesne, who became a German spy in both World Wars and claimed to have killed Field Marshal Kitchener while en route to meet with the Russians. During the Second Boer War, Burnham and Duquesne were each under orders to assassinate the other, but it was not until
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Višnja Mosić


Višnja Mosić (1870 - September 13, 1937) was a Serbian war heroine during the First World War. For approximately ten years before the Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria and the outbreak of World War I, she was a member of the Young Bosnia organization. Višnja Đurić was born in 1870 in the village of Gornje Dubovo. In the years before World War I, Mosić, became a member of Mlada Bosna, a revolutionary youth organization, which fought against the Austro-Hungarian occupation of Bosnia and Herzegovina and
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Soghomon Tehlirian


Soghomon Tehlirian (; April 2, 1896 – May 23, 1960) was an Armenian revolutionary who assassinated Talaat Pasha, the former Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire, in Berlin on March 15, 1921. The assassination was a part of Operation Nemesis, planned by the Armenian Revolutionary Federation as revenge for the Armenian Genocide orchestrated by the Ottoman Imperial Government during World War I. Talaat Pasha had been convicted and sentenced to death "in absentia" in the Turkish courts-martial of 1919–20, and was viewed as the main orchestrator of
11627527
Rade Malobabić


been fabricated led to the state dropping the charges and releasing all 31 remaining accused in 1910. Malobabić was a Serbian military intelligence operative who was stationed in Austria leading up to World War I. He also worked with the Serbian terrorist group, the Black Hand, which was the group that was responsible for assassinating Archduke Franz Ferdinand. According to the final confession of Colonel Apis (which was extracted under torture and deception) Malobabić was hired by Apis to organize the assassination of the Archduke, and perform tasks such as smuggling weapons and
17415528
Assassin's Creed Syndicate


order to protect the Brotherhood. Following the game's events, Jacob has at least one child (whether out of wedlock or by marriage is unknown), who was inducted into the Brotherhood. Jacob's child marries and later has a daughter named Lydia Frye, born in 1893. She was likewise inducted into the Brotherhood and trained under both Jacob and Evie. She later marries an Assassin named Sam Crowder, but she keeps her maiden name. At the outbreak of World War I, by 1914, Jacob and Evie were
21500412
Beautiful Assassin


falls in love with and decides to defect to the United States Eleanor Roosevelt: First Lady of the United States from 1933 to 1945 Raisa: Girl rescued during the Battle of Sevastopol and later adopted by the reporter Elizabeth Elizabeth: Journalist who interviews an elderly Tat'yana at the end of the novel World War 1939-1945—Fiction, Women Spies—Fiction, Snipers—Fiction, Russians—United States—Fiction Michael Whites' explanation of the story of "Beautiful Assassin " on Harper Collins Publishers website: "I am heavily invested in
5244230
Paris in World War I


war was opposed by some prominent socialists and pacifists, but the press and most political leaders pressed for war. On July 31, one day before a general mobilization was declared in France, one of the most prominent leaders of the French Left, the socialist politician Jean Jaurès, an outspoken opponent of going to war, was assassinated at the Café Croissant on Montmartre, not far from the offices of the socialist newspaper "L'Humanité", by Raoul Villain, a mentally-unstable man who considered Jaurès an "enemy of France
3431081
History of Kentucky


. He was later indicted as one of the conspirators in the assassination. Attempts to extradite him failed, and Taylor remained in Indiana until he died. Realizing how close they came to civil war, Kentucky leaders calmed the voters and worked to finish the decade with less heat and little violence. The coal industry expanded rapidly in the state around the start of the 20th century and World War I. Many residents left subsistence farming to work in coal mining, particularly in the Appalachian region where large deposits of coal were found and jobs
13417007
Military history of Canada during World War I


the Ghadarites and helped to secure his release with a minor fine. Following the murder of two of Hopkinson's informants in the Ghadarite movement, Bela Singh, was put on trial in Vancouver. On October 21, 1914, while Hopkinson was waiting outside a courtroom, he was assassinated by Mewa Singh. From the start of the war, the Canadian government investigated many rumors of a large German attack across the Canada–United States border. While most of the rumors were false, Germany did consider several plans to damage Britain
19135518
Battle of Kosturino


threatening to outflank the Allies. The Entente defeat at Kosturino led to the complete withdrawal of Allied forces from Serbia, thus enabling the Central Powers to build the Berlin to Constantinople rail line. The Allies in the meantime concentrated on solidifying their defenses in Greece. The 28 June 1914, assassination of Austro-Hungarian heir presumptive Archduke Franz Ferdinand precipitated Austria-Hungary's declaration of war against Serbia. The conflict quickly attracted the involvement of all major European countries, pitting the Central Powers against the Entente coalition and starting World War I.
4373365
Black Hand (Serbia)


, a question that remains in dispute). Those involved probably realized that their plot would result in war between Austria and Serbia, and had every reason to expect that Russia would side with Serbia. They likely did not, however, anticipate that the assassination would start a chain of events leading to World War I. Others in the government and some of the Black Hand Executive Council were not as confident of Russian aid. Russia had let them down recently. When word of the plot allegedly percolated through Black Hand leadership and the
4613522
Louis Brownlow


made the acquaintance of President Theodore Roosevelt. He caught the attention of President Woodrow Wilson in 1914 after being one of the few newspaper reporters to correctly predict that the German Empire would go to war with Serbia over the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand (which caused the start of World War I). Expressing a desire to put into practice many of the administrative practices he had reported on from Europe, Brownlow sought and won from President Wilson appointment in 1915 as a commissioner of the District of Columbia, serving until 1920. From
6050146
Dimitrije Đorđević (historian)


World War II Yugoslavia. After he was pardoned and released, Đorđević was eventually allowed to commence study at the University of Belgrade, where he was a student of Vaso Čubrilović (one of the members of the Young Bosnia who conspired to assassinate Franz Ferdinand which led to the outbreak of World War I). Đorđević was awarded his doctorate in 1962. In 1970, Đorđević took up a position as a Full Professor of History at the University of California, Santa Barbara, joining a strong faculty in European History including Joachim Remak
15970181
Malcolm X


that I spoke", he said, adding "I acknowledge that and regret that any word that I have said caused the loss of life of a human being." A few days later Farrakhan denied that he "ordered the assassination" of MalcolmX, although he again acknowledged that he "created the atmosphere that ultimately led to MalcolmX's assassination". No consensus has been reached on who was responsible for the assassination. In August 2014, an online petition was started using the White House online petition mechanism to call on
738631
Saint Petersburg


) and Paul I (1801, Nicholas Zubov and other conspirators who brought to power Alexander I, the son of their victim). The third emperor's assassination took place in Saint Petersburg in 1881 when Alexander II fell victim to terrorists (see the Church of the Savior on Blood). The Revolution of 1905 began in Saint Petersburg and spread rapidly into the provinces. On 1 September 1914, after the outbreak of World War I, the Imperial government renamed the city "Petrograd", meaning "Peter's City"
11112632
Power of the Sword


Power of the Sword (1986) is a novel by Wilbur Smith set before and during World War II. The book features a critical portrayal of Hendrik Verwoerd who Smith described as "probably the most evil man in South Africa's history. Worse even than Chaka." It starts in the 1930s, and covers the Berlin Olympics, World War Two, an assassination attempt on Jan Smuts and the 1948 South African election which saw the official introduction of apartheid. In the time of the Great Depression, Lothar De La Rey
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Mladen Stojanović


hat. On the morning of 28 June 1914, in Sarajevo, Princip assassinated Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austriaheir presumptive to the throne of Austria-Hungaryand his wife Sophie. Princip was a member of a group of conspirators, which included Trifko Grabež; the whole group was arrested by the Austrian police after the assassination. Blaming Serbia for the attack, Austria-Hungary declared war a month later, initiating World War I. Shortly after the assassination, Stojanović wrote in his notebook a quote from Giuseppe Mazzini: "There is no more
16687065
Causes of World War I


her and in her view provided a casus belli with Serbia. The Austrian Emperor Franz Joseph was aged 84, so the assassination of his heir, so soon before he was likely to hand over the crown, was seen as a direct challenge to Austrian polity. Many ministers in Austria, especially Berchtold, argue this act must be avenged. Moreover, the Archduke, who had been a decisive voice for peace in the previous years, had now been removed from the discussions. The assassination triggered the July Crisis, which turned
13083700
Belle Époque


whose labor supported the Belle Époque. The most notable transnational socialist organization was the Second International. Anarchists of different affiliations were active during the period leading up to World War I. Political assassinations and assassination attempts were still rare in France (unlike in Russia) but there were some notable exceptions, including President Marie François Sadi Carnot in 1894. A bomb was detonated in the Chamber of Deputies of France in 1893, causing injuries but no deaths. Terrorism against civilians occurred in 1894, perpetrated by Émile Henry, who killed a cafe
7553513
Košutnjak


assassinated while walking in the park on , and when Ivan Stambolić, Slobodan Milošević's political opponent was abducted from the park on 25 August 2000 and later assassinated and buried at Fruška Gora. There are also remnants of the German cemetery and the monuments to the Serbian soldiers erected by their adversaries, German soldiers, in World War I. Until World War II, the pheasants were abundant too and in this period Košutnjak was a healing destination for many city children. After 1945 city urbanists considered the way Topčider-Košutnjak complex has been
16837206
Battle of Dobro Pole


The 28 June 1914, assassination of Austro-Hungarian heir presumptive Archduke Franz Ferdinand precipitated Austria-Hungary's declaration of war against Serbia. The conflict quickly attracted the involvement of all major European countries, pitting the Central Powers against the Entente coalition, and starting World War I. Serbia was ultimately defeated during the autumn 1915 phase of the Serbian Campaign, prompting France and Britain to transfer troops from the Gallipoli Campaign to Greek Macedonia. The Macedonian Front was thus established to support the remnants of the Serbian army in their effort to conquer
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Vladimir Kvachkov


made statement saying that he has no doubts that Kvachkov was responsible for the assassination, and that it was Kvachkov who personally tried to shoot him in March 2005. On the other hand, he believes that acquittal of the guilty is better than sentencing of innocent Kvachkov, in retaliation, called the attack on Chubais the "first act of armed resistance in the national liberation war", Around the same time, Kvachkov said "now I have a chance to finish what I started", meaning his doctoral thesis, but some
19285921
Jacob Makohin


of the man who died saving his life in the assassination attempt. Under the name Makohin he enlisted in the United States Marine Corps and served during World War I as a pilot. He was promoted to Second Lieutenant June 1, 1919 and retired after being injured. He married Susan E. Fallon of Massachusetts. Together, they lived in Austria and then Alassio, Italy during the 1930s and early 40s. During World War II that they were forced to flee back to the United States where they settled in Newton, Massachusetts.
17955255
The War That Came Early


—are forced to declare war in fulfilment of their treaty obligations to Czechoslovakia. As a result, World War II starts in 1938 with a German attack on Czechoslovakia, rather than an invasion of Poland a year later. Consequently, both sides are far less prepared for war than in real history. This timeline can be considered to have been created by the (fictional) Czech nationalist Jaroslav Stribny, who assassinated Henlein. He is never seen onstage and the reader is given no access to his thoughts and reasoning. Posterity in
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Maria of Yugoslavia


future Archduchess of Austria (Tuscan line); and another brother, Mircea, who died at age three. Although plump, Maria was a noted beauty in her youth and resembled her sister Elisabeth. During World War I, she worked as a nurse with her mother, along with her two sisters. Maria married Alexander I, second King of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes, in Belgrade on 8 June 1922, and had three sons: Following the assassination of her husband, King Alexander I, in Marseille in 1934,
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Hungary in World War I


At the outbreak of World War I, Hungary was part of the dualist monarchy, Austria-Hungary. Although there are no significant battles specifically connected to Hungarian regiments, the troops suffered high losses throughout the war. In 1914, Austria-Hungary was one of the great powers of Europe, with an area of 676,443 km² and a population of 52 million, of which Hungary had 325,400 km² with population of 21 million. On June 28, 1914, Gavrilo Princip assassinated Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria. Before entering the war
10322145
Croatia during World War I


Monarchy in 1867. An excess of political problems within Austria-Hungary itself, exacerbated by the earlier Balkan Wars, led to a state of unrest, strikes, and series of assassinations within Croatia at the outbreak of World War I. Croatian policy amounted to either trying to find the best solution whilst staying within the empire (such as Trialism in Austria-Hungary or Austro-Slavism) or unifying with Serbia and Montenegro (namely Yugoslavism), thereby forming a South Slavic state. Political action was extremely limited during the war,
12667530
Obljaj


Obljaj () is a village near Bosansko Grahovo in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Obljaj is located west of Sarajevo and north of Livno near the border with Croatia. It is in the northwest corner of Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is administratively part of Canton 10 of the Federation. It is difficult to reach except by small roads. Gavrilo Princip, whose assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria started World War I, was born here in 1894 and lived here when he was young. His father was a postman in the village.
15744560
Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand


" and that Austria-Hungary had been an "occupier". Princip's weapon, along with the car in which the Archduke was riding, his bloodstained uniform and the chaise longue on which he died, are on permanent display in the Heeresgeschichtliches Museum in Vienna, Austria. The bullet fired by Gavrilo Princip, sometimes referred to as "the bullet that started World War I", is a museum exhibit in the Konopiště Castle near the town of Benešov in the Czech Republic. The bronze medallion of Ferdinand and Sophie,
4933791
British counter-intelligence against the Indian revolutionary movement during World War I


intrigues in Japan and China. Among other works, Nathan was responsible for the plans made by British intelligence in late 1915 to assassinate Virendranath Chattopadhyaya through an agent by the name of Donald Gullick. Nathan's efforts, along with those of John Wallinger's Indian Political Intelligence Office (who Nathan worked closely with), were key in the British counter-espionage work. Nathan's work at the time identified the plans by Ghadar Party and the Berlin Committee to assassinate Lord Kitchener in 1915 through an associate of Har Dayal, Gobind
12206529
Prince Ernst of Hohenberg


Prince Ernst of Hohenberg ("Ernst Alfons Franz Ignaz Joseph Maria Anton von Hohenberg"; 27 May 1904 – 5 March 1954) was the second son of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria and his morganatic wife Sophie, Duchess of Hohenberg, who were assassinated at Sarajevo in 1914. Prince Ernst was born at his parents' estate at Konopiště in Bohemia. Following his parents' assassination, which precipitated World War I, Ernst and his siblings, Sophie and Maximilian, were taken in by their uncle, Prince Jaroslav von Thun und
13410619
Russian entry into World War I


World War has emphasized the role of Austria of Germany and the Austro-Hungarian Empire. The consensus of scholars includes scant mention of Russia, and briefly mentions Russia's defense of Orthodox Serbia, its pan-Slavic roles, its treaty obligations with France, and its concern for protecting it status as a great power. The Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austro-Hungary was assassinated by Bosnian Serbs on 28 June 1914 to protest Austrian takeover of a largely Slavic province. Vienna was unable to find evidence that Serbia had sponsored the assassination
4733216
Assassination


Senator, was assassinated on September 10, 1935. Robert F. Kennedy, a Senator and a presidential candidate, was also assassinated on June 6, 1968 in the United States. In Austria, the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his wife Sophie, Duchess of Hohenberg in Sarajevo on June 28, 1914, carried out by Gavrilo Princip, a Serbian national and a member of the Serbian nationalist insurgents (The Black Hand), is blamed for igniting World War I after a succession of minor conflicts, while belligerents on both
2654376
Australian Army Catering Corps


During this period members of the Corps enjoyed a great deal of success in Salon Culinaires within the civilian catering industry. The reputation of the Army Cook and indeed the Service Cook was growing. In 1987 full civilian recognition was granted to AACC personnel who had completed prescribed courses and had served specified time in the trade. The status of the Army cook had reached a new level, a far cry from the "Ration Assassin" reputation of World War I and World War II cooks. During this period more appointments were made available
2646852
Russian entry into World War I


President minister Raymond Poincaré who trusted him. He promised unconditional French support to Russia in the unfolding crisis with Germany and Austria. Historians debate whether he exceeded his instructions but they agree he failed to inform Paris of exactly what was happening, and did not warn that Russian mobilization might launch a world war. When on 28 June 1914 Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria was assassinated in Sarajevo Tsar Nicholas vacillated as to Russia's course of action. A relatively new factor influencing Russian policy was the growth of the Pan-Slavism spirit that
4733230
History of Western civilization


a general European war breaking out. Other factors that would eventually lead to World War I were the competition for overseas colonies, the military buildups of the period, most notably Germany's, and the feeling of intense nationalism throughout the continent. When the war broke out, much of the fighting was between Western powers, and the immediate "casus belli" was an assassination. The victim was the heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne, Franz Ferdinand, and he was assassinated on 28 June 1914 by a Yugoslav nationalist named
4150159
Hermann Willibald Fischer


Hermann Willibald Fischer (6 February 1896 in Florence – 17 July 1922 in Saaleck Castle) was a German mechanical engineer. He was a member of extreme right terror group Organisation Consul (OC) and one of the assassins, who murdered on June 24, 1922 minister of foreign affairs Walther Rathenau. The son of a painter and professor in Dresden was a volunteer in the World War I. At the end of the war, Fischer was company commander in the rank of Lieutenant. After the war he studied mechanical engineering in Chemnitz
2592277
The League of Extraordinary Gentlemen (film)


scientists. The British Empire sends Sanderson Reed to Kenya to recruit adventurer and hunter Allan Quatermain, who had retired following the death of his son. Quatermain at first refuses until a group of assassins are sent to kill him, resulting in the death of his longtime partner, Nigel. In London, Quatermain meets "M", who reveals that the Fantom plan to start a world war by bombing a secret meeting of world leaders in Venice. To prevent this, M is forming the latest generation of the League of Extraordinary
16262244
History of assassination


also attacks planned against current Vice-president Andrew Johnson and Secretary William H. Seward, but Johnson's did not go through, and Seward survived the attack. An assassination plot against Jefferson Davis, known as the Dahlgren Affair, may have been initiated during the American Civil War. In Europe the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand by Gavrilo Princip, one of several Serb nationalist insurgents, triggered World War I. Archduke Franz Ferdinand was visiting Bosnia-Herzegovina, since it was newly annexed to the Austro-Hungarian Empire. He had a
11498857
List of Castlevania characters


Aeon. Eric believed the rift would give him a chance to prove the spear's potential against the Vampire Killer. After the defeat of Galamoth he was returned to his own time (Judgment). He is voiced by Grant George in "Portrait of Ruin" and Stephanie Sheh in "Judgment". According to the game's story, is Dracula's niece, raised back from the dead by her servant . She triggered the start of World War I by assassinating the Crown Prince of Austria, then gathered the souls of
19592369
SMS Zara


. She was assigned to the training school for naval cadets on 21 May, but this service was short lived. She was converted into a guard ship on 28 June and stationed in Cattaro Bay, the same day that Archduke Franz Ferdinand was assassinated in Sarajevo, the catalyst for the start of World War I a month later. She served in that role until June 1917. She returned to the cadet training school, and on 18 June left Cattaro for Pola. At 12:55 while cruising off the island of Lacroma, an
6603366
Braunschweig-class battleship


was slated to be decommissioned at the end of the year, but the July Crisis that followed the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand in June cancelled that plan. The fleet was on its summer cruise to Norway during the crisis, and word of the Austro-Hungarian ultimatum to Serbia forced the ships to return home early to prepare for the coming conflict. At the start of World War I, "Braunschweig" and "Essen" were reactivated and assigned to IV Battle Squadron under the command of Vice Admiral Ehrhard Schmidt, tasked
9653522
Assassin's Creed Syndicate


the Ripper), and Queen Victoria. Additionally, Jacob's granddaughter, Lydia Frye (Lisa Norton), appears in a separate World War I segment, where she aids Winston Churchill in defending London against a new enemy espionage faction. In the present day, the Helix player, now an Assassin Initiate, is once again contacted by Bishop from the Assassin Brotherhood, and is tasked with reliving the memories of twin Assassins, Jacob and Evie Frye, to find a Piece of Eden hidden in London. Meanwhile, Rebecca Crane
21500388
The Day That Shook the World


The Day That Shook the World (, lit. "The Sarajevo Assassination") is a 1975 Czechoslovak-Yugoslav-German co-production film directed by Veljko Bulajić, starring Christopher Plummer and Florinda Bolkan. The film is about the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his wife Sophie in Sarajevo in 1914 and the immediate aftermath that led to the outbreak of World War I. When the only surviving heir to Emperor Franz Joseph of Austria-Hungary, Archduke Franz Ferdinand, was killed by Gavrilo Princip, a Serbian nationalist, on
14564645
Yom Kippur War


had been "at the helm of the Arab world". Egypt's tensions with its Arab neighbors culminated in 1977 in the short-lived Libyan–Egyptian War. Sadat was assassinated two years later on October 6, 1981, while attending a parade marking the eighth anniversary of the start of the war, by Islamist army members who were outraged at his negotiations with Israel. October 6 is a national holiday in Egypt called Armed Forces Day. It is a national holiday in Syria as well, where it is called "
15395071
Italy in the Middle Ages


Sorrento, Naples, and Amalfi. It was in a war with Naples that Duke Andrew II first called in Saracen mercenaries. In 839, Sicard was assassinated and a civil war broke out which illustrated the nature of political power in the south. It was still largely in the hands of the land-owning aristocracy, who had the power to choose a prince. In 839, some chose Radelchis I, the treasurer and assassin, and some chose Siconulf of Salerno, who was installed at Salerno. This civil war continued
14044264
Causes of World War I


a local conflict into a European, and then a worldwide, war. The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, the heir apparent to the Austrian throne, sent deep shockwaves through Austrian elites, and the murder has been described as a "9/11 effect, a terrorist event charged with historic meaning, transforming the political chemistry in Vienna.” It gave free rein to elements clamouring for war with Serbia, especially in the Army It quickly emerged that three leading members of the assassination squad had spent long periods of time in Belgrade,
13083701
Sergey Sazonov


, a belligerent attitude in some measure responsible for the Assassination in Sarajevo and the outbreak of the Great War. Serbia was a client state of Russia. That caused Russia to defend Serbia against Austria after the assassination of the Austrian Archduke. Sazonov warned Austria in 1914 that Russia, "would respond militarily to any action against the client state." As World War I unwound, Sazonov worked to prevent Romania from joining the Central Powers and wrested in March 1915 an acquiescence from Russia's allies to the post-war occupation of
19716398
Serbia–Spain relations


he stated that city is ""relatively cosmopolitan, with trams, cafes, and theaters, but full of nervous military men, women wanting to imitate French fashion and drunk orthodox priests"". Since 1910 Spain had one diplomatic representative in the Kingdom of Serbia, Mr Francisco Serrat i Bonastre, who will stay at that function throughout the Balkan Wars all until the 1914 and the beginning of First World War which began after the Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, July Crisis and Austria-Hungary declares war on Serbia. Serbian
3491910
Carl Hans Lody


's disposal. Within three weeks Lody had signed a formal agreement to operate as a "tension traveller" in southern France – an agent who would report back to Berlin in times of heightened international tensions. The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria on 28 June and the subsequent July Crisis precipitated the outbreak of World War I on 28 July. With the United Kingdom declaring war in support of France and Belgium, Prieger sent Lody to Britain as a war agent. Lody was ordered to base himself in the Edinburgh–Leith
9256560
Sasanian civil war of 589-591


where they successfully managed to defeat him, while Khosrow II regained the throne. Bahram Chobin thereafter fled to the territory of the Turks in Transoxiana, but was not long afterwards assassinated or executed at the instigation of Khosrow II. When Khosrow I ascended the Sasanian throne in 531, he began a series of reforms that was started by his father and predecessor Kavadh I. These reforms were mostly aimed at the elites of the Sasanian Empire, who had become too powerful and had been able to depose several Sasanian rulers. Khosrow was quite
4317856
Gavrilo Princip


his memory, with Nenad Samardžija, governor of East Sarajevo, saying that the assassination was not a terrorist act but "a movement of young people who wanted to liberate themselves from colonial slavery." The house where Princip lived in Sarajevo was destroyed during World War I. After the war, it was rebuilt as a museum in the Kingdom of Yugoslavia. Yugoslavia was conquered by Germany in 1941 and Sarajevo became part of the Independent State of Croatia. The Croatian Ustaše destroyed the house again. After the establishment of Communist Yugoslavia in
12768618
Obizzi


Catajo's collections were further enriched with coins and medals, musical instruments and paintings. The complex was inherited by Archduke Franz Ferdinand d'Este, who removed the early paintings to his primary residence, Konopiště, where, after his assassination at Sarajevo, they were housed until World War II. The bulk of these "Este" paintings have come to the National Gallery in Prague. The remainder at Catajo, property the late archduke's heir, Karl I, the last Emperor and King of Austria-Hungary, was sequestered as war
14277855
Greater Serbia


defended a strong centralised country, while their opponents demanded major autonomy for the regions. This tension grew to a point that led to the creation of opposing nationalistic organisations that culminated in the assassination of the King Alexander I in 1934. During the German invasion of Yugoslavia in 1941, these tensions grew to become one of the most brutal civil wars that occurred in World War II. The Royal Government soon capitulated, and the resistance was mainly made by the Četniks, who defended the restoration of the Monarchy, and the Partisans,
21595491
Rue Verdun


Rue Verdun, or Verdun Street, is an upscale commercial and residential street in Beirut, Lebanon. The street, which is a major shopping center and tourist attraction, was named in honor of the Battle of Verdun during World War I. However, "Verdun" remains the street's unofficial name. It is officially named Rachid Karami Street, after Lebanon's late Prime Minister who was assassinated during the Lebanese Civil War. Verdun is home to a number of hotels, including: Verdun is home to some of the most important
6098047
Nicholas II of Russia


I shall not consider the possibility of any resignation." He was assassinated in September 1911. In 1912, a fourth Duma was elected with almost the same membership as the third. "The Duma started too fast. Now it is slower, but better, and more lasting," stated Nicholas to Sir Bernard Pares. The First World War developed badly for Russia. By late 1916, Romanov family desperation reached the point that Grand Duke Paul Alexandrovich, younger brother of Alexander III and the Tsar's only surviving uncle,
17762159
Three Pieces in the Shape of a Pear


Satie's piano duet music at an exclusive gathering in Paris. Influential arts patron Misia Sert arranged to have Satie himself play the work for impresario Sergei Diaghilev at her home on June 28, 1914, with an eye towards gaining him a commission from Diaghilev's Ballets Russes. The occasion was disrupted by breaking news of the assassination of Franz Ferdinand in Sarajevo, the act that precipitated the start of World War I, and for the time being nothing came of the idea. The most important of these invitation-only performances of
19294315
Wars of Castro


Duchy of Castro. Papal politics of the mid-17th century were complicated, with frequently shifting military and political alliances across the Catholic world. While it is difficult to trace the precise origins of the feud between the duchy of Parma and the papacy, its origins can be looked for in political maneuverings occurring in the years or even decades preceding the start of military action. In 1611 a group of conspirators, nobles from Modena and Mantua, was accused of devising a plot to assassinate Ranuccio I Farnese, Duke of Parma and other members
2484152
Mystic Island, New Jersey


to as HOMAG) when the present-day Mystic Island was called Hickory Island. The tower was used to communicate with an identical radio telegraph station in Eilvese, Germany starting on Jun 19, 1914, less than two weeks before the assassination of Archduke Ferdinand. The station continued to communicate with Eilvese until America entered World War I on . It is rumored that it was used to send the message to order the attack by a German U-boat on the RMS Lusitania. After President Wilson's Declaration of Neutrality, the
4529509
Black Hand (Serbia)


Its inspiration was primarily the unification of Italy in 1859–70 but also that of Germany in 1871. Through its connections to the June 1914 assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand in Sarajevo, which was committed by the members of youth movement Young Bosnia, the Black Hand is often viewed as having contributed to the start of World War I by precipitating the July Crisis of 1914, which eventually led to Austria-Hungary's invasion of the Kingdom of Serbia. In August 1901, a group of lower officers headed by captain Dragutin Dimitrijević "Apis
4613513
German entry into World War I


off the German North Sea coast and gave up the island of Zanzibar in Africa. In 1898, Tirpitz started a programme of warship construction. The British, however, were always well ahead in the race. The British "Dreadnought" battleship of 1907 was so advanced in terms of speed and firepower that all other warships were immediately made obsolete. Germany copied it but never surged ahead in quality or numbers. Berlin repeatedly and urgently called on Vienna to act quickly in response to the assassination on June 28, so that a
928572
Gräf & Stift


car, when Gavrilo Princip assassinated the Archduke. The assassination provoked a series of diplomatic manoeuvres that quickly led to declarations of war and the onset of the First World War. As the war broke out, Gräf & Stift started manufacturing trucks in order to meet wartime demand, which, together with buses and special vehicles, became the company's main business and enabled it to flourish in a rather difficult time. Manufacturing of passenger cars was resumed only in 1920, with a 2-litre intermediate-size model, " Typ VK"
3395361
Vojislav Tankosić


assassination, the Austro-Hungarian government gave an ultimatum to the Serbian government, whom they held responsible for the assassination; Tankosić was thus imprisoned in the headquarters of the Danube Division I. He was forgiven when Austria attacked Serbia. After the outbreak of World War I, Tankosić became the commander of the Volunteer Squad in Belgrade, and then the Rudnik Volunteer Squad. By the time of the Battle of Drina (1914), he commanded a special band of volunteers and Chetniks in the Lim detachment in Eastern Bosnia, then at
18878658
Charles I of Austria


toast at the wedding breakfast. Archduchess Zita soon conceived a son, and Otto was born 20 November 1912. Seven more children followed in the next decade. Charles became heir presumptive after the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand in Sarajevo in 1914, the event which precipitated World War I. Only at this time did the old Emperor take steps to initiate the heir-presumptive to his crown in affairs of state. But the outbreak of World War I interfered with this political education. Charles spent his time during the first phase of the
19865481
Herzegovina


a world war immediately, and was an important step in the buildup of international tensions during the years leading up to the First World War. The assassination of the Archduke Franz Ferdinand came as a direct result of the resentment of the Serbs of Bosnia and Herzegovina against Austro-Hungarian rule. During World War I, Herzegovina was a scene of inter-ethnic conflict. During the war, the Austro-Hungarian government formed Šuckori, Muslim and Croat para-militia units. Šuckori units were especially active in Herzegovina. Persecution of
3021150