who wrote the book we nehrus from the nehru family
Nehru: A Contemporary's Estimate


who calls the book "the best single-volume study" of Nehru, with "arguments and conclusions [that] speak directly to the present", wrote in 2006 that in his opinion the following excerpts taken from Crocker's book provide for the best summing up of Nehru as an individual and as a leader: The 2009 reprint removed Toynbee's foreword and an introductory chapter on Indian society and history and added annotations to contextualize material for modern readers that would likely have been familiar to the original audience of Crocker's book
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Nehru–Gandhi family


The Nehru Family is an Indian political family that has occupied a prominent place in the politics of India. The involvement of the family has traditionally revolved around the Indian National Congress, as various members have traditionally led the party. Three members of the family Jawaharlal Nehru, Indira Gandhi, and Rajiv Gandhi have served as the Prime Minister of India, while several others have been members of the parliament. "The Guardian" wrote in 2007 "The Nehru brand has no peer in the world — a member of the family has
3973225
Motilal Nehru


Motilal Nehru (6 May 1861 – 6 February 1931) was an Indian lawyer, an activist of the Indian Independence Movement and an important leader of the Indian National Congress, who also served as the Congress President twice, 1919–1920 and 1928–1929. He was the founder patriarch of the Nehru-Gandhi family and the father of Jawaharlal Nehru, the first Prime Minister of India. Motilal Nehru was born on 6 May 1861, the posthumous son of Gangadhar Nehru and his wife Indrani. The Nehru family had been settled for several generations
1602004
Nehru: A Contemporary's Estimate


Nehru: A Contemporary's Estimate is a 1966 book written by Walter Crocker and published by Oxford University Press. It is a biography of Jawaharlal Nehru. The book was originally published with a foreword by Arnold Toynbee. It has been reprinted in 2009 by Random House India with a new foreword by Ramachandra Guha. Crocker had served as the Australian High Commissioner to India between 1952 and 1955 and again from 1958 to 1962. This gave him a privileged opportunity to study Nehru, according to Arnold Toynbee, who declares in his foreword
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Jawaharlal Nehru


the 'Jawaharlal Nehru Memorial Fund', established in 1964 under the Chairmanship of Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan, then President of India. The foundation also gives away the prestigious 'Jawaharlal Nehru Memorial Fellowship', established in 1968. The Nehru family homes at Anand Bhavan and Swaraj Bhavan are also preserved to commemorate Nehru and his family's legacy. Many documentaries about Nehru's life have been produced. He has also been portrayed in fictionalised films. The canonical performance is probably that of Roshan Seth, who played him three times: in Richard
16432591
Ratan Kumar Nehru


Ratan Kumar Nehru, or R.K. Nehru, (10 October 1902 – 2 April 1981) was an Indian civil servant and diplomat. He served as India's Foreign Secretary from 1952 to 1955. Ratan Kumar Nehru was born in 1902 at a time when the Nehru family was yet unknown to the public and the surname had no social or political cache. However, the Nehrus were an educated, affluent and influential family belonging to the high-caste Kashmiri Brahmin community. Ratan Kumar's father, Mohanlal Nehru, was the son
12062724
An Autobiography (Nehru)


An Autobiography also known as Towards The Freedom, (1936) is an autobiographical book written by the first Prime Minister of India, Jawaharlal Nehru while he was in prison. It ran nine editions in the first year alone. He wrote the book to explore how and why he had ended up taking the path of civil disobedience that in turn led to his imprisonment. Nehru starts his history with how his ancestors had to flee Kashmir, and then goes on to tell about his own life, with a particular emphasis on the
22122779
C. Rajagopalachari


contest the election, Madras Governor Sri Prakasa appointed Rajagopalachari as Chief Minister by nomination as MLC without consulting either the Indian Prime Minister Nehru or the ministers in the Madras state cabinet. Rajagopalachari was then able to prove that he had a majority in the assembly by luring MLAs from opposition parties to join the Indian National Congress. Nehru was furious and wrote to Rajagopalachari saying "the one thing we must avoid giving is the impression that we stick to office and we want to keep others out at all costs." Rajagopalachari, however
8627636
Krishna Hutheesing


Krishna Nehru Hutheesing (1907–1967) was an Indian writer, the youngest sister of Jawaharlal Nehru and Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit, and part of the Nehru-Gandhi family. Born Krishna Nehru, in Mirganj, Allahabad to Motilal Nehru, an Indian independence activist and leader of the Indian National Congress, and Swarup Rani, she was married to Gunottam (Raja) Hutheesing, who belonged to a prominent Ahmedabad jain family that built the Hutheesing Jain Temple. Gunottam Hutheesing was well known in India's elite social circles during the 20th century.
7316612
Gangadhar Nehru


Gangadhar Nehru (1827 – February 1861) was an Indian police officer, who served as the last kotwal of Delhi (Chief of police) in the court of the Mughal emperor Bahadur Shah II, before the position was abolished following the Indian Rebellion of 1857. He was the father of freedom fighter Motilal Nehru and grandfather of India's first Prime Minister, Jawaharlal Nehru , and thus part of the Nehru–Gandhi family. During the early part of the 19th century, Gangadhar's father, Lakshmi Narayan Nehru, worked as
16295292
Political families of India


This is a partial listing of prominent political families of India. However Royal families (who inherit their position automatically) are not included, unless certain later descendants have played political roles in a republican structure. The Nehru-Gandhi was established by Motilal Nehru in the early 1900s when India was still part of the British empire. It was further established by his son, Jawaharlal Nehru, who emerged as a prominent figure in India's nationalist movement. After Nehru's death, his daughter, Indira Gandhi, became his political heir
19412368
Kashmir conflict


These two neighbours came dangerously close to a third war during the Kargil conflict in 1999. In telegram No.413 dated 28 October 1947 addressed to Prime Minister of Pakistan, Nehru wrote, "That Government of India and Pakistan should make a joint request to U.N.O. to undertake a plebiscite in Kashmir at the earliest possible date." Nehru's statement in the Indian Parliament, 26 June 1952, "I want to stress that it is only the people of Kashmir who can decide the future of Kashmir. It is not that we have
17378803
Shangri Lhagyal


message from the Prime Minister Nehru: "My colleagues and I welcome you and send greetings on your safe arrival in India. We shall be happy to afford the necessary facilities to you, your family and entourage to reside in India. The people of India, who hold you in great veneration, will no doubt accord their traditional respect to your personage. Kind regards to you. Nehru." Rinchen Dolma Taring (popularly known as Taring Amala) was one of the most prominent educators in the exile Tibetan community in India
4970251
Raj Kaul


, and, probably at the Emperor's instance, the family migrated to Delhi, the imperial capital, about the year 1716. A jagir with a house situated on the banks of a canal had been granted to Raj Kaul, and, from the fact of this residence, 'Nehru' (from "Nahar", a canal) came to be attached to his name. Kaul had been the family name; this changed to Kaul-Nehru; and, in later years, Kaul dropped out and we became simply
9445319
Motilal Nehru


's son Jawaharlal Nehru into politics in 1916, started the most powerful and influential Indian political dynasty. When, in 1929, Jawaharlal Nehru was elected as Congress president it greatly pleased Motilal and Nehru family admirers to see the son take over from his father. Jawaharlal had opposed his father's preference for dominion status, and had not left the Congress Party when Motilal helped found the Swaraj Party. Motilal Nehru chaired the famous Nehru Commission in 1928, a counter to the all-British Simon Commission. The Nehru Report, the
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Nehru–Gandhi family


been in charge of India for 40 of the 60 years since independence. The allure of India's first family blends the right to rule of British monarchy with the tragic glamour of America's Kennedy clan." The Gandhi surname came from Feroze Gandhi, a politician of Gujarati Parsi ancestry, who changed the spelling of his surname, from Ghandy to Gandhi, after joining the independence movement to bring it in line with that of Mahatma Gandhi. Indira Priyadarshini Nehru (the daughter of Jawaharlal Nehru) married Feroze Gandhi in 1942 and
3973226
M. O. Mathai


was born in what is now called Kerala. His parents lived in Travancore. He was a Madras University graduate working in Assam when he wrote to Nehru soon after Nehru's release from prison in 1945, offering his services. Subsequently, Nehru met him in Assam and after some leisurely talks in Nehru's hometown of Allahabad, Nehru asked Mathai to join him as a secretary. Natwar Singh in his autobiography "One Life is Not Enough" alleges that Mathai was paid by the C.I.A, which gained access to every paper passing
13412180
Brijlal Nehru


Brijalal Nehru (1884–1964) was a noted civil servant and member of the Nehru family. He was the son of Pandit Nandlal Nehru (the elder brother of Motilal Nehru) and the cousin of Jawaharlal Nehru. Nandlal Nehru was Diwan of Khetri State for 11 years. Brijlal was born in 1884 in Allahbad and he grew up in Anand Bhawan. Brijlal, had been sent to Oxford in 1905 to compete for the Indian Civil Service by Motilal Nehru. He was a senior officer of the Audit and Accounts Service. After his
11911744
Raj Kaul


Pt. Raj Kaul is the earliest recorded ancestor of Jawaharlal Nehru. He is believed to have migrated from Kashmir to Delhi in 1716. Like some Kashmiri surnames, he was given a nickname which related to his environment and in his case because the family lived (or once lived) on the banks of a canal (naher in Kashmiri), their family got the name Kaul (Nehru) and eventually like most surnames in Kashmir, the Kaul dropped off and Nehru stayed. According to an excerpt from "Jawaharlal Nehru:
9445317
C. Rajagopalachari


own shoes. Impressed with his abilities, Mountbatten made Rajagopalachari his second choice to succeed him after Vallabhbhai Patel, when he was to leave India in June 1948. Rajagopalachari was eventually chosen as the governor-general when Nehru disagreed with Mountbatten's first choice, as did Patel himself. He was initially hesitant but accepted when Nehru wrote to him, "I hope you will not disappoint us. We want you to help us in many ways. The burden on some of us is more than we can carry." Rajagopalachari
8627631
Jawaharlal Nehru


in the 1970s and later at the Festival of India, London in 1982. Nehru was a prolific writer in English and wrote a number of books, such as "The Discovery of India", "Glimpses of World History", and his autobiography, "Toward Freedom." He had written 30 letters to his daughter Indira Gandhi, when she was 10 years old and in a boarding school in Mussoorie, teaching about natural history and the story of civilisations. The collection of these letters was later published as a book
16432593
Rameshwari Nehru


Rameshwari Nehru (née "Rameshwari Raina"; 1886–1966) was a social worker of India. She worked for the upliftment of the poorer classes and of women. In 1902, she married Brijlal Nehru, a nephew of Motilal Nehru and cousin of the first prime minister of independent India, Jawaharlal Nehru. Her son Braj Kumar Nehru was an Indian civil servant who served as governor of several states. She edited "Stri Darpan", a Hindi monthly for women, from 1909 to 1924. She was one of the founders
11573347
Bharat Ek Khoj


Bharat Ek Khoj ("The Discovery of India") is a 53-episode Indian historical drama based on the book "The Discovery of India" (1946) by Jawaharlal Nehru that covers a 5000-year history of India from its beginnings to independence from the British in 1947. The drama was directed, written and produced by Shyam Benegal with cinematographer V. K. Murthy in 1988 for state-owned Doordarshan. Shama Zaidi co-wrote the script. Its cast included Om Puri, Roshan Seth, Tom Alter and Sadashiv Amrapurkar. Jawaharlal Nehru
220168
Ahmednagar


buildings and sites from the Nizam Shahi period. Ahmednagar Fort, once considered almost impregnable, was used by the British to house Jawaharlal Nehru (the first prime minister of India) and other Indian Nationalists before Indian independence. A few rooms there have been converted to a museum. During his confinement by the British at Ahmednagar Fort in 1944, Nehru wrote the famous book "The Discovery of India". Ahmednagar is home to the Indian Armoured Corps Centre & School (ACC&S), the Mechanised Infantry Regimental Centre (MIRC)
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Jawaharlal Nehru


weapons and established the Atomic Energy Commission of India in 1948. Nehru also called Dr. Homi J. Bhabha, a nuclear physicist, who was entrusted with complete authority over all nuclear-related affairs and programs and answered only to Nehru himself. Indian nuclear policy was set by unwritten personal understanding between Nehru and Bhabha. Nehru famously said to Bhabha, "Professor Bhabha take care of Physics, leave international relation to me". From the outset in 1948, Nehru had high ambition to develop this program to stand against the industrialised states
16432548
Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh


lifting of the ban on RSS after Gandhi's assassination, Nehru replied that the government had proof that RSS activities were 'anti-national' by virtue of being 'communalist'. In his letter to the heads of provincial governments in December 1947, Nehru wrote that "we have a great deal of evidence to show that RSS is an organisation which is in the nature of a private army and which is definitely proceeding on the strictest Nazi lines, even following the techniques of the organisation". Sardar Vallabhai Patel, the
9513442
Vallabhbhai Patel


the then civil servant MKK Nair in his book "With No Ill Feeling to Anybody", Nehru shouted and accused Patel of being a communalist. Patel also one on occasion called Nehru, a Maulana, for appeasing Muslims. When Nehru pressured Rajendra Prasad to decline a nomination to become the first President of India in 1950 in favour of Rajagopalachari, he angered the party, which felt Nehru was attempting to impose his will. Nehru sought Patel's help in winning the party over, but Patel declined, and Prasad was duly
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Nehru Memorial Museum & Library


by Ruskin Bond, "Nehru Anthology " (1980) and "Nehru Anthology". Nehru Memorial Museum & Library has over the years supported scholars and historians across India. Through its fellowship programme, the Nehru Memorial Fellowship, it has funded some of India’s best academics such as Chief Information Commissioner OP Kejriwal. It is also one of the best libraries in Delhi for the social sciences as it has a huge collection on labour related issues in the form of PhD dissertations, reports, books, journals and news papers.
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Krishna Hutheesing


Nehrus," "With No Regrets," "Nehru's letters to his sister" and "Dear to Behold." Her husband, Raja Hutheesing, also wrote books: "The Great Peace: An Asian's Candid Report on Red China" (1953), "Window on China" (1953), and "Tibet fights for freedom : the story of the March 1959 uprising" (1960). She was associated with the 'Voice of America' and gave several talks. She died in Washington D.C.
7316615
Kamala Nehru


Kamala Kaul Nehru (, 1 August 1899 – 28 February 1936) was a freedom fighter and the wife of Jawaharlal Nehru (the leader of the Indian National Congress (INC) and later the first Prime Minister of India). Her daughter Indira also served later as Prime Minister of India. Kamala was born on 1 August 1899 to Rajpati and Jawahar Mull Atal-Kaul who were from a Kashmiri Pandit family of Old Delhi. She was the eldest child and had two brothers, Chand Bahadur Kaul and the botanist, Kailas
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Jawaharlal Nehru


, and to establish a nuclear weapons capability as part of India's regional superiority to other South-Asian states, most particularly Pakistan. Nehru also told Bhabha, and later it was told by Bhabha to Raja Rammanna, that: "We must have the capability. We should first prove ourselves and then talk of Gandhi, non-violence and a world without nuclear weapons"."" Nehru was hailed by many for working to defuse global tensions and the threat of nuclear weapons after the Korean War (1950–1953).
16432549
Mahendra Sukhdeo


the Bombay College of Journalism and the other, 'Petals', was included in the University Journal (1967). He met Nehru in Bombay in May 1963 when he was casually engaged as an information aide for the Government of India pavilion, showcasing the lavish 'Our Himalayas' exhibition. On Nehru's 80th birth anniversary, he wrote an extensive article, "Face to face with Nehru" in the 'Fiji Times (17 November 1969) and his photograph together with Nehru was published in "Shanti Dut",
10330687
Nawab Mohammad Ismail Khan


by the eminence of Pundit Motilal Nehru as a lawyer. When M. Ismail Khan returned from England, after becoming a barrister at law, Nawab M. Ishak Khan arranged for him to commence his legal practice as assistant lawyer to Pundit Motilal Nehru -– who prevailed upon Nawab M. Ishak Khan to permit his son to stay with him as his guest. Hence, M. Ismail Khan was sent to live with the Nehru family in Anand Bhawan for a few years. Whilst practicing law in India, he befriended Muhammad Ali Jinnah, with
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Jawaharlal Nehru


his interest in theosophy did not prove to be enduring and he left the society shortly after Brooks departed as his tutor. He wrote: "for nearly three years [Brooks] was with me and in many ways he influenced me greatly". Nehru's theosophical interests had induced him to the study of the Buddhist and Hindu scriptures. According to Bal Ram Nanda, these scriptures were Nehru's "first introduction to the religious and cultural heritage of [India]...[they] provided Nehru the initial impulse for [his] long
16432459
Jawaharlal Nehru


discrimination faced by Indians in the British colonies. When World War I broke out, sympathy in India was divided. Although educated Indians "by and large took a vicarious pleasure" in seeing the British rulers humbled, the ruling upper classes sided with the Allies. Nehru confessed that he viewed the war with mixed feelings. Frank Moraes wrote: "If [Nehru's] sympathy was with any country it was with France, whose culture he greatly admired." During the war, Nehru volunteered for the St John Ambulance and
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Jawaharlal Nehru


Goa, a civil code based on the old Portuguese Family Laws was allowed to continue, and Muslim Personal law was prohibited by Nehru. This was the result of the annexation of Goa in 1961 by India, when Nehru promised the people that their laws would be left intact. This has led to accusations of selective secularism. While Nehru exempted Muslim law from legislation and they remained unreformed, he did pass the Special Marriage Act in 1954. The idea behind this act was to give everyone in India the ability to marry outside
16432535
Arun Nehru


no incriminating evidence. The trial court, however, rejected the CBI report and found Nehru's involvement enough to continue the proceedings. In March 2013, the Supreme Court stayed those proceedings, based on the report. Nehru was born on 24 April 1944. His father was Anand Kumar Nehru, a member of the Nehru-Gandhi family. He studied at La Martinière Boys College, Lucknow, and Lucknow Christian College. He was married in 1967 to Subhadra and had two daughters. He died on 25 July 2013 in Gurgaon
11721113
Jawaharlal Nehru


increase the legal rights and social freedoms of women. Nehru specifically wrote Article 44 of the Indian constitution under the Directive Principles of State Policy which states : 'The State shall endeavor to secure for the citizens a uniform civil code throughout the territory of India.' The article has formed the basis of secularism in India. However, Nehru has been criticized for the inconsistent application of the law. Most notably, Nehru allowed Muslims to keep their personal law in matters relating to marriage and inheritance. Also in the small state of
16432534
Manmohini Zutshi Sahgal


Manmohini Sahgal (née Zutshi, 1909–1994) was an Indian freedom fighter and politician. She was a member of the Nehru–Gandhi family. Her father was a nephew to Motilal Nehru, and she was therefore Jawaharlal Nehru's first cousin once removed. She was born and grew up in Motilal Nehru's home in Allahabad. As many others in the family, she was an active participant in India's struggle for independence. A leader in student politics during her college years, Sahgal followed her mother and sisters in brief prison
7807313
Shyam Kumari Khan


the eldest child of Shamlal Nehru and Uma Nehru. Her father Shamlal was the first cousin of India's first Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru. She married Abdul Jamil Khan on 7 December 1937 under the Special Marriages Act, 1872, and later came to be known as 'Shyam Kumari Khan'. Shyama Kumari Nehru married in her late 30s, and was considered to be past "marriageable age". When she married Abdul Jamil Khan they faced censure from her family. However, she was financially independent as she was a practicing
15873434
C. D. Narasimhaiah


of the Study of Australia in Asia (ASAA), published several books on literature, culture and arts, the abridged version of "Discovery of India" of Jawaharlal Nehru, published in 1981 by the Jawaharlal Nehru Memorial Fund is the most notable among them. "Jawaharlal Nehru: A Study of His Writings and Speeches", "The writer's Gandhi", "The Human Idioms (Three lectures on Jawaharlal Nehru)","The Swan and the Eagle: Essays on Indian English Literature", "Raja Rao", "Makers of
18283085
Neville Maxwell


bureau. In 1959 he was posted to New Delhi as the South Asia correspondent. In the next eight years he travelled from Kabul to East Pakistan and Kathmandu to Ceylon, reporting in detail the end of the Nehru era in India and the post-Nehru developments. During the 1962 Sino-Indian War, Maxwell wrote for "The Times" from New Delhi, and was the only reporter there who did not uncritically accept the official Indian account of events. This eventually led to his "virtual expulsion" from India.
1717182
Acharya Chatursen Shastri


foreword to his book,'Vaishali ki Nagarvadhu', he declares this is his first book and the ones prior to this one were worthless; the book lives up to this declaration. It is hard to imagine a more readable description of society and politics in India around sixth century BC. He was a friend of Jawaharlal Nehru, India's first Prime Minister, but he opposed Nehru's proposition of secular India. Nehru tried to ban his books after Congress came to power and accused Acharya Chatursen of fuelling tensions between Hindus and Muslims.
18699674
Jawaharlal Nehru


that at this solemn moment we take the pledge of dedication to the service of India and her people and to the still larger cause of humanity." On 30 January 1948, Gandhi was shot while he was walking to a platform from which he was to address a prayer meeting. The assassin, Nathuram Godse, was a Hindu nationalist with links to the extremist Hindu Mahasabha party, who held Gandhi responsible for weakening India by insisting upon a payment to Pakistan. Nehru addressed the nation through radio: Friends and comrades, the
16432513
Vallabhbhai Patel


was friendly towards capitalists while Nehru believed in the state controlling the economy. Also, Patel was more inclined to support the West in the emerging Cold War. Patel had long been the rival of Nehru for party leadership, but Nehru usually prevailed over the older man, who died in 1950. Subsequently, J. R. D. Tata, the Industrialist, Maulana Azad and several others expressed the opinion that Patel would have made a better Prime Minister for India than Nehru. These Patel admirers and Nehru's critics cite Nehru's belated embrace
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Beena Kak


which hails originally from Kashmir, has lived in Rani, Rajasthan (in Pali district) for more than two centuries and has long-standing connections to the Nehru family, which was another Kashmiri Pandit family settled in Rajasthan: the Nehrus had lived in Khetri, Rajasthan, before Motilal Nehru moved to Allahabad in the late 1800s in order to practice law at the Allahabad High Court. After marrying Bharat Kak, Beena Kak entered politics in the early 1980s as a member of the Congress Party. In 1985, as part of
10588696
Kamala Nehru


remained mourning for a few months. A number of institutions in India, such as Kamala Nehru Memorial Hospital & Regional Cancer Centre, Kamla Nehru Prani Sangrahalay (Indore), Kamala Nehru College, University of Delhi, Kamala Nehru Degree Evening College (Bangalore), Kamla Nehru College for Women, Jodhpur, Kamala Nehru Park, Kamla Nehru Institute of Technology (Sultanpur), Kamla Nehru College, Korba, Kamala Nehru Women's College (Bhubaneswar), Kamala Nehru Polytechnic (Hyderabad), Shri Ramdeobaba Kamala Nehru Engineering college (
15531574
Pupul Jayakar


where she got the opportunity to absorb local crafts and traditions early on in life. At the age of eleven, she went to Banaras (Varanasi), where she studied in a school started by Annie Besant, theosophist, who was also active in Indian freedom movement. Subsequently, her father got posted to Allahabad, where she first came in contact with the Nehru family at age fifteen, as her father was a friend of Motilal Nehru. Later, she became friends with daughter of Jawaharlal Nehru, Indira Priyadarshini (later
7921196
Sheikh Abdullah


. He has quoted B.N. Mullicks' statements in his book "My Years with Nehru" in support of his statement. A.G. Noorani writing in Frontline supports this view, as according to him Nehru himself ordered the arrest. On 8 April 1964 the State Government dropped all charges in the so-called "Kashmir Conspiracy Case". Sheikh Abdullah was released and returned to Srinagar where he was accorded an unprecedented welcome by the people of the valley". After his release he was reconciled with Nehru. Nehru requested Sheikh Abdullah to
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Nehru Centre


biographies. There is also a good collection of books on and by Pt. Jawahar Lal Nehru and Mahatma Gandhi. Situated on the ground floor of the Discovery of India building, this gallery consists of two parts. The Nehru Centre Art Gallery is dedicated to promotion of young talent and provides a platform for them to exhibit their work along with that of eminent artists. Regular cultural programmes are organised by Culture wing in all branches of performing arts, like dance, drama, music, etc. Nehru Centre has two well lit
5327891
Vallabhbhai Patel


to Patel, Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru declared a week of national mourning. Patel's cremation was planned at Girgaum Chowpatty, but this was changed to Sonapur (now Marine Lines) when his daughter conveyed that it was his wish to be cremated like a common man in the same place as his wife and brother were earlier cremated. K.M Munshi wrote in his book that after Patel's death Nehru ‘issued a direction to the Ministers and the Secretaries not to go to Bombay to attend the funeral. Jawaharlal also requested Dr. Rajendra
14508088
Jawaharlal Nehru


influenced by G. M. Trevelyan's Garibaldi books, which he had received as prizes for academic merit. He viewed Garibaldi as a revolutionary hero. He wrote: "Visions of similar deeds in India came before, of [my] gallant fight for [Indian] freedom and in my mind India and Italy got strangely mixed together." Nehru went to Trinity College, Cambridge in October 1907 and graduated with an honours degree in natural science in 1910. During this period, he also studied politics, economics, history and literature
16432461
Harold Laski


held that his early books were the most profound and that he subsequently wrote far too much, with polemics displacing serious analysis." However, Laski had a major long-term impact on support for socialism in India and other countries in Asia and Africa. He taught generations of future leaders at the LSE, most famously, his prize student, Jawaharlal Nehru. According to John Kenneth Galbraith, "the centre of Nehru's thinking was Laski" and "India the country most influenced by Laski's ideas". It is
6248642
Multilateralism


after independence reflected its idiosyncratic culture and politic traditions. Speaking in the Lok Sabha, the lower house of the Parliament of India, in March 1950, Nehru affirmed: “It should not be supposed that we are starting on a clean slate. It is a policy which flowed from our recent history and from our national movement and its development and from various ideals we have proclaimed. (Nehru, 1961, p.34). In fact, the foreign policy culture of India is an elite culture, meaning, in effect,
1945102
Nehru: A Contemporary's Estimate


that this book will continue to be of interest to posterity because of Crocker's "first hand knowledge" which makes the book "priceless" and "irreplaceable". Historian Madhavan Palat, the series editor of Oxford University Press's "Selected Works of Jawaharlal Nehru", notes that Crocker "was no blind admirer of the Prime Minister of the country he was accredited to. In fact, he rather admired some of Nehru’s democratic opponents more — like, for instance, C Rajagopalachari and Jayaprakash Narayan. And yet he
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Jawaharlal Nehru


Congress would call upon all Indians to fight for complete independence. Nehru was one of the leaders who objected to the time given to the British – he pressed Gandhi to demand immediate actions from the British. Gandhi brokered a further compromise by reducing the time given from two years to one. Nehru agreed to vote for the new resolution. Demands for dominion status were rejected by the British in 1929. Nehru assumed the presidency of the Congress party during the Lahore session on 29 December 1929 and introduced a successful resolution calling for complete
16432482
Jawahar Planetarium


The Jawahar Planetarium is located in the city of Allahabad in Uttar Pradesh, India. It was built in 1979 and is situated beside Anand Bhavan the former residence of the Nehru-Gandhi family and now a museum. It is managed by the 'Jawaharlal Nehru Memorial Fund' (established 1964), which has its headquarters at Teen Murti House, New Delhi. Each year, the prestigious 'Jawaharlal Nehru Memorial Lecture' is also held at the planetarium, organised under the auspices of Jawaharlal Nehru Memorial Fund on the birth anniversary
11763248
Swaraj Bhavan


Swaraj Bhavan (formerly Anand Bhavan, meaning "Abode of Bliss") is a large mansion located in Prayagraj, India. It was owned by Indian political leader Motilal Nehru in the 19th century, it has served as the ancestral home of the Nehru Family— future Prime Minister of India Indira Gandhi was born there. The First Prime Minister of India Jawaharlal Nehru was however not born in Anand Bhawan. It is managed by the 'Jawaharlal Nehru Memorial Fund', Delhi and functions as a museum open to the public.
18141697
Vinayak Damodar Savarkar


also wrote a book named "Majhi Janmathep" ("My Life-term") about his experience in Andaman prison. Savarkar has praised the growth of Italy and Germany during the Fascist and Nazi rule; he believed that at that specific point in their history, Nazism and Fascism were "the most congenial tonics, their health demanded." Savarkar criticised Nehru for opposing Nazism, arguing "Surely Hitler knows better than Pandit Nehru does what suits Germany best". However, in the very next sentence of his speech,
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Ahmednagar Fort


Ahmednagar fort. In 1803 during the Second Anglo-Maratha War, Arthur Wellesley defeated the Maratha forces and the East India Company came into possession of the fort. The fort was known as Ahmednuggur Fort and was used by the British Raj as a prison and this was where Jawaharlal Nehru, Abul Kalam Azad, Sardar Patel and nine other members of the Indian National Congress were detained for almost three years after they passed the Quit India Resolution. Jawaharlal Nehru wrote his popular book -the Discovery of India- while he was imprisoned at Ahmednagar
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Braj Kumar Nehru


degree by the University of Punjab, for his distinguished services in various fields. His grandfather, Pandit Nandlal Nehru, was the elder brother of Pandit Motilal Nehru. He was the cousin to the erstwhile Prime Minister of India, Indira Gandhi (née Nehru). In 1935, Nehru married Magdolna Friedman (5 December 1908, Budapest, Austria-Hungary - 25 April 2017, Kasauli, Himachal Pradesh, India), a fellow student in the UK who was of an Austrian Jewish background. The ill-treatment of the
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Kerala Cyber Warriors


agencies websites which was promoting sex racket service. The deface showed up threatening, "we are watching your movements, we will expose and make you put in jail" the websites gone offline and never came online after January 10, 2017, Kerala Cyber Warriors Hacked in to the Nehru College of Engineering and Research Centre official website to display Justice For Jishnu Pranoy who was a first year B.Tech student was found hanging at the hostel of the Nehru College of Engineering and Research Centre, Pambady in Thrissur. Hacker left a message showing
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Jawaharlal Nehru


of not continuing the futile politics of representation". He ridiculed the Indian Civil Service for its support of British policies. He noted that someone had once defined the Indian Civil Service, "with which we are unfortunately still afflicted in this country, as neither Indian, nor civil, nor a service". Motilal Nehru, a prominent moderate leader, acknowledged the limits of constitutional agitation, but counselled his son that there was no other "practical alternative" to it. Nehru, however, was not satisfied with the pace
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Rathindranath Tagore


Jawaharlal Nehru, who was also the Prime Minister of India. Eventually, the allegations could not be proven in the court of law. During his tenure, Tagore developed a romantic relationship with Meera, who was thirty-one years younger and married to another professor, Nirmalchandra Chattapodhyay. Although Rathindranath and Pratima stayed in the same building at Santiniketan they hardly met with one another. Tagore's continued the affair despite criticism from his family and the residents of Shantiniketan. When Nehru asked Tagore to "remove" Nirmalchandra and Meera from
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Nehru Memorial Museum & Library


Memorial Foundation Day Lecture. Nehru Planetarium is also part of NMML. Much work is also happening in the field of connecting people with this place with special reference to children, who are considered to be closest to Jawaharlal Nehru's heart, earning the popular name 'Chacha Nehru'. The library also has an archive of the private correspondence between Nehru and Edwina Mountbatten, wife of Lord Mountbatten, but with limited access. The Centre for Contemporary Studies was set up as an advanced studies unit of NMML in 1990 and is housed
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Jawaharlal Nehru


Jinnah, with proposals for a settlement of the constitutional problem. As soon as he arrived he discovered that India was more deeply divided than he had imagined. Nehru, eager for a compromise, was hopeful. Gandhi was not. Jinnah had continued opposing the Congress. "Pakistan is our only demand, and by God we will have it.", declared the Muslim League newspaper "Dawn". Cripps's mission failed as Gandhi would accept nothing less than independence. Relations between Nehru and Gandhi cooled over the latter's
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Motilal Nehru


in Delhi, and Gangadhar Nehru was a kotwal in that city. During India's independence struggle of 1857, Gangadhar left Delhi with his family and moved to Agra, where some of his relatives lived. By some accounts, the Nehru family home in Delhi had been looted and burnt down during the Mutiny. In Agra, Gangadhar quickly arranged the weddings of his two daughters, Patrani and Maharani, into suitable Kashmiri Brahmin families. He died in February 1861 and his youngest child, Motilal, was born three months later.
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Nehru Centre, London


The Nehru Centre, London is a cultural centre located at the South Audley Street, London. Its goal is to promote cultural exchange between India and the United Kingdom. The Nehru Centre was founded in 1992. Since its inception it has striven to facilitate and deepen cultural dialogue between India and UK by encouraging visits of prominent Indian artists to UK and prominent artists from UK to India. The Nehru Centre is headed by a director, who is also a ranking diplomat at the High Commission of India, London. Many illustrious Indians
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Jawaharlal Nehru


Delhi and the cremation grounds. Nehru's death left India with no clear political heir to his leadership (later Lal Bahadur Shastri succeeded him as the Prime Minister). The death was announced to the Indian parliament in words similar to Nehru's own at the time of Gandhi's assassination: "The light is out." Nehru served as the prime minister for eighteen years. During his tenure he had many ministers in his cabinet who were heavy weights in their own right. Key members from his first cabinet include Vallabhbhai Patel
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Jawaharlal Nehru


particularly important as post-Independence differences surfaced since British withdrawal from the subcontinent prompted regional leaders to no longer relate to one another as allies against a common adversary. While differences of culture and, especially, language threatened the unity of the new nation, Nehru established programs such as the National Book Trust and the National Literary Academy which promoted the translation of regional literatures between languages and also organised the transfer of materials between regions. In pursuit of a single, unified India, Nehru warned, "Integrate or perish." Historian
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Indira Gandhi


the Millennium" in an online poll organised by the BBC. Gandhi was born as Indira Priyadarshini Nehru in a Kashmiri Pandit family on 19 November 1917 in Allahabad. Her father, Jawaharlal Nehru, was a leading figure in India's political struggle for independence from British rule, and became the first Prime Minister of the Dominion (and later Republic) of India. She was the only child (a younger brother was born, but died young), and grew up with her mother, Kamala Nehru, at the Anand Bhavan
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Jawaharlal Nehru


go under. There was no greater prince of peace and apostle of non-violence than Mahatma Gandhi...but yet, he said it was better to take the sword than to surrender, fail or run away. We cannot live carefree assuming that we are safe. Human nature is such. We cannot take the risks and risk our hard-won freedom. We have to be prepared with all modern defense methods and a well-equipped army, navy and air force." Nehru envisioned the development of nuclear
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Biju Patnaik


was criticized in the Parliament for his decision to provide more aid to Odisha. Nehru replied, '"Biju Patnaik has the courage, dynamism and zeal to work. So there is no blunder in giving more aid to Odisha." During the Sino-Indian War in 1962, Nehru consulted the Oriya leader repeatedly for advice. For sometime he was Nehru's defence advisor, unofficially of course. 'The prime minister was dazzled by Mr Patnaik's familiarity with military subjects,' wrote a political commentator of the time.
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Jawaharlal Nehru


with the rise of Hitler and his espoused intentions. In the face of these allegations, Nehru responded, "We have sympathy for the national movement of Arabs in Palestine because it is directed against British Imperialism. Our sympathies cannot be weakened by the fact that the national movement coincides with Hitler's interests." During the mid-1930s, Nehru was much concerned with developments in Europe, which seemed to be drifting toward another world war. He was in Europe in early 1936, visiting his ailing wife, shortly before she died
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Jawaharlal Nehru Biological Park


Jawaharlal Nehru Biological Park or JNB is a zoological garden located in Bokaro Steel City, Jharkhand, India fully owned and managed by Bokaro Steel Plant, Steel Authority of India Limited. This is the largest zoological garden of the state. Jawaharlal Nehru Biological Park was constructed during the 1980s and modified in 1989. It is named after Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru who served as the first prime minister of India The zoo has varieties of animals and birds which have been brought from different parts of world. The zoo's attempts to breed white tigers
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Nehru Memorial Museum & Library


On 26 April 2016 a dagger gifted to former prime minister Jawaharlal Nehru by Saudi Arabia was stolen from the Nehru Memorial Museum and Library. Nehru Memorial Museum and Library is known as Teen Murti Bhawan (sculptor: Leonard Jennings of Britain), after the three statues established in 1922 in honor of the three Indian princely states Jodhpur, Hyderabad and Mysore after their contribution in World War I by serving in the present day Gaza Strip, Israel, and Palestine. It was designed by Robert Tor Russell who also designed Connaught Place and
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Nayantara Sahgal


Nayantara Sahgal (born 10 May 1927) is an Indian writer who writes in English. She is a member of the Nehru–Gandhi family, the second of the three daughters born to Jawaharlal Nehru's sister, Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit. She was awarded the 1986 Sahitya Akademi Award for English, for her novel, "Rich Like Us" (1985), by the Sahitya Akademi, India's National Academy of Letters. Sahgal's father Ranjit Sitaram Pandit was a barrister from Kathiawad. Pandit was also a classical scholar who
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Ratan Kumar Nehru


formulate a fresh foreign policy. Jawaharlal Nehru looked first and foremost to his own family (including his sister Vijayalakshmi Pandit, his cousin Braj Kumar Nehru and his nephew Ratan Kumar Nehru) to help in this process, which was aimed at burnishing his own image abroad (in the west) in a way that would enhance his own personal image and prestige on the world stage, and make him look larger than life and indispensable. This exercise would also vastly enhance Jawaharlal's political cache within India, where the tendency still prevailed
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Jawaharlal Nehru


give an assurance of full independence for India after the war and allow the election of a constituent assembly to frame a new constitution; second, although the Indian armed forces would remain under the British Commander-in-Chief, Indians must be included immediately in the central government and given a chance to share power and responsibility. When Nehru presented Lord Linlithgow with the demands, he chose to reject them. A deadlock was reached. "The same old game is played again", Nehru wrote bitterly to Gandhi, "the
16432499
Chronology of statehood of Maharashtra


and Nehru, he will choose Nehru. Jan 16, 1956: Violent agitations follow Nehru’s announcement of making Bombay a union territory. Jan 22, 1956: Union minister CD Deshmukh resigns from the Nehru’s cabinet and alleges that Nehru nurtures ill-will towards Maharashtra. Jun 3, 1956: Nehru declares Bombay a Union territory for five years, but refuses to make the city capital of Maharashtra. He announces a high court and a public service commission for Bombay, Maharashtra and Gujarat. Aug 10, 1956: Lok
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Lal Bahadur Shastri


was not satisfied with it. Shastri was a Nehru and Congress loyalist. Nehru was his mentor and was fond of Shastri. Although Shastri faced stiff opposition from within his party, his relationship with Nehru aided his ascension to the office of Prime Minister. Shastriji was born at the house of his maternal grandparents in Mughalsarai in a Kayastha Hindu family, that had traditionally been employed as administrators and civil servants. Shastriji's paternal ancestors had been in the service of the "zamindar" of Ramnagar near Varanasi and Shastriji lived there for
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Braj Kumar Nehru


Sir Braj Kumar Nehru MBE, ICS (4 September 1909 – 31 October 2001) was an Indian diplomat and Ambassador of India to the United States (1961–1968). He was the son of Brijlal Nehru and Rameshwari Nehru and nephew of India's first prime minister Jawaharlal Nehru. Nehru was born in Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh, India and was son of Brijlal Nehru and Rameshwari Nehru He was educated at the Allahabad University (India), the London School of Economics and at Oxford University. He was awarded the Doctor of Literature
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Suez Crisis


—who had tried to be even-handed between the two sides—denounced Eden and co-sponsors of the aggression vigorously. He had a powerful, if relatively silent, ally in the US president Dwight Eisenhower who went to the extent of using America's clout in the IMF to make Eden and Mollet behave". The Indian historian Inder Malhotra wrote about Nehru's role that: "So the Suez War ended in Britain's humiliation. Eden lost his job. Nehru achieved his objective of protecting Egypt's sovereignty and
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Braj Kumar Nehru


Jewish community in Europe prompted her father to change her name to Magdolna Forbath. Her nickname was Fori. After marriage, she changed her name to Shobha Nehru. He had four sons named Aditya Nehru, Ashok Nehru and Anil Nehru. He joined the Indian Civil Service in 1934 and rose to be governor of seven different states of India. From 1934 to 1937 he held various government positions in the province of Punjab. Nehru became the secretary of economic affairs in 1957. He was appointed as Commissioner General for Economic Affairs (
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Salim Ali


sparrows in 1963 through Indian birdwatchers subscribed to the "Newsletter for Birdwatchers". Ali had considerable influence in conservation related issues in post-independence India especially through Prime Ministers Jawaharlal Nehru and Indira Gandhi. Indira Gandhi, herself a keen birdwatcher, was influenced by Ali's bird books (a copy of the "Book of Indian Birds" was gifted to her in 1942 by her father Nehru who was in Dehra Dun jail while she herself was imprisoned in Naini Jail) and by the Gandhian birdwatcher Horace Alexander. Ali influenced the
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Syed Shahabuddin


matter, Shahabuddin founded an Action Committee which passed a resolution demanding an inquiry into the killing. To pacify the protesters, the then Prime Minister of India Jawaharlal Nehru visited Patna. In response, he led 20 thousand student protesters to the Patna Airport where they waved black flags. Due to this activity, he found it difficult to get clearance to join the Indian Foreign Service. However, he received clearance due to Nehru's intervention and endorsement. Nehru wrote that his "participation in the disturbances was not politically motivated. It
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Bishop Nehru


Nehru the Youth Rap Talent of the Week for his 8-bar freestyle over Mos Def's "Mathematics." Nehru was featured on Hot97.com as part of their "Who's Next" section, which showcases rappers who are "next to blow up." He also had the song make its way to Power 105.1's "New NY" with Jovonn "The Don" in February 2013, and opened for Wu-Tang Clan on their 20th Anniversary European tour. When he was 16 years old, Bishop Nehru released his debut
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Motilal Nehru


, The Independent, as a counterblast to The Leader, which was much too liberal for Motilal's standard and articulate thought in 1919. He started on the path to become wealthy among the few leaders of the Indian National Congress. Under the influence of Mahatma Gandhi in 1918, Nehru became one of the first to transform his life to exclude western clothes and material goods, adopting a more native Indian lifestyle. To meet the expenses of his large family and large family homes (he built Swaraj Bhavan later), Nehru had
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Anand Bhavan


The Anand Bhavan is a historic house museum in Allahabad, India,focusing on the Nehru Family. It was bought by Indian political leader Motilal Nehru in the 1930s to serve as the residence of the Nehru family when the original mansion Swaraj Bhavan (previously called Anand Bhavan) was transformed into the local headquarters of the Indian National Congress. Jawahar Planetarium, the planetarium is situated here, which has been striving to inculcate scientific temper among masses through its sky shows on astronomy and science. Anand Bhavan was donated to Indian government in
18141692
Abdur Razzaq Malihabadi


rock solid grip with languages like Urdu, Persian, Arabic, Pashto. He worked for few years in All India Radio heading Arabic Department in New Delhi. He was close to the Saudian Monarchy, Mahatma Gandhi & Pandit Nehru family during freedom struggle. Giving due recognition of his role in India's freedom struggle, he was offered a cabinet rank post independence in Nehru Government to which he declined. He was a journalist by soul and with his pen he wrote against British Raj and took their atrocities to common Indian man.
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The Discovery of India


Abul Kalam Azad, Govind Ballabh Pant, Narendra Deva and Asaf Ali. All his fellow prisoners (eleven of them) were political prisoners from various parts of the country, having deep knowledge about the various aspects of India which the book discusses. They also participated in proofreading Nehru's work and providing him with creative suggestions. The book is presently published by the 'Jawaharlal Nehru Memorial Fund' and the copyright for the book is held by his grand daughter-in-law Sonia Gandhi. The book became the basis of
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Jawaharlal Nehru


refusal to co-operate with Cripps, but the two later reconciled. On 15 January 1941, Gandhi had stated: Some say Jawaharlal and I were estranged. It will require much more than difference of opinion to estrange us. We had differences from the time we became co-workers and yet I have said for some years and say so now that not Rajaji but Jawaharlal will be my successor. In 1942, Gandhi called on the British to leave India; Nehru, though reluctant to embarrass the allied war effort,
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The Discovery of India


thoughts and knowledge about India's history. The book provides a broad view of Indian history, philosophy and culture, as viewed from the eyes of an Indian fighting for the independence of his country. In "The Discovery of India", Nehru argued that India was a historic nation with a right to sovereignty. This book also analyses in depth the philosophy of Indian life. Nehru attributes some of the content of the book to his fellow prisoners at Ahmednagar jail. He gives special mention to four of them namely, Maulana
20081867
Freedom at Midnight


educated Jawaharlal Nehru and Pakistani leader Muhammad Ali Jinnah. The authors interviewed many who were there, including a focus on Lord Mountbatten of Burma. They subsequently wrote a book based in particular upon their research on Mountbatten, titled "Mountbatten and the Partition of India". That book contains interviews with Mountbatten, and a selection of papers that were in his possession. "Freedom at Midnight" is a non-fiction book told in a casual style, similar to the authors' previous "Is Paris Burning?" and "
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Nehru Planetarium


Nehru Planetariums are the five planetariums in India, named after India's first Prime Minister, Jawaharlal Nehru. These are located in Mumbai, New Delhi, Pune and Bangalore, plus there is a Jawahar Planetarium in Prayagraj. The Nehru Planetarium in New Delhi is situated on the grounds of Teen Murti Bhavan, officially known as 'Nehru Memorial Museum and Library', earlier the official residence of India's first Prime Minister, Jawaharlal Nehru and now a museum in his memory. In 1964, the Jawaharlal Nehru Memorial Fund was set
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Jawaharlal Nehru


led India to a crushing military victory over rival Pakistan in 1971. Toward the end of the war India had increased her support for Tibetan refugees and revolutionaries, some of them having settled in India, as they were fighting the same common enemy in the region. Nehru ordered the raising of an elite Indian-trained "Tibetan Armed Force" composed of Tibetan refugees, which served with distinction in future wars against Pakistan in 1965 and 1971. During the conflict, Nehru wrote two desperate letters to US President John F. Kennedy,
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Nehru: A Contemporary's Estimate


was drawn to Nehru’s intellect and to his politics sufficiently to go beyond the call of diplomatic duty to analyse Nehru’s impact on his times, with disinterested interest." Crocker himself wrote in his introduction that "had my job in Delhi been anything else I would still have watched him, out of interest, almost helpless interest. He was interesting because of his political importance but still more interesting because of himself.Mostly I admired him; occasionally he was disappointing; but always he fascinated me." Ramachandra Guha,
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Mahavir Tyagi


, a misunderstanding that had arisen between Motilal Nehru and Jawaharlal Nehru (See Durga Das, India From Curzon to Nehru & After, London, 1969, pp 109–110). From sometime in the mid-1920s Tyagi made Dehra Dun his political base. Mahavir Tyagi was a delegate to the All Parties National Convention held at Calcutta in December 1928 – January 1929. In a statement issued along with Srinivas Iyengar, Jawaharlal Nehru and others, Tyagi supported the position that the Principles of the Constitution of India drafted by the Motilal Nehru Committee should
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Jawaharlal Nehru


, Krishna Hutheesing, became a noted writer and authored several books on her brother. Nehru described his childhood as a "sheltered and uneventful one". He grew up in an atmosphere of privilege at wealthy homes including a palatial estate called the Anand Bhavan. His father had him educated at home by private governesses and tutors. Under the influence of a tutor, Ferdinand T. Brooks, he became interested in science and theosophy. He was subsequently initiated into the Theosophical Society at age thirteen by family friend Annie Besant. However,
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Motilal Nehru


At this time, Motilal's two older brothers, Bansidhar Nehru (b. 1842) and Nandlal Nehru (b. 1845), were nineteen and sixteen years old respectively. Since the family had lost nearly all its assets in the upheaval of 1857, Jeorani turned to her brother, Amarnath Zutshi of Bazaar Sitaram in old Delhi, for support until her sons could begin earning. She did receive some support from him, but all of Delhi had suffered hugely during the recent mutiny and assistance could not be open-ended. Within
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