who pays court costs in a civil case
Civil procedure in South Africa


proceedings are included in the total costs of the court case. The party who must pay the costs in respect of the main case then also carries the costs of the preliminary or interlocutory procedure in respect of which costs were made costs in the cause. This refers to costs occasioned to a party in respect of proceedings that occurred on a specific day, usually wasted costs occasioned by a postponement. Such an order refers to party-and-party costs, unless the court indicates otherwise. Where a court expressly indicates “no
18812620
High Court (Singapore)


for the first time. In theory, the Court has unlimited original jurisdiction – it can hear any type of civil or criminal case, no matter how trivial or serious. However, in practice, parties may be penalized by having to pay higher costs (legal fees) if they choose to bring a civil case before the High Court when it is more appropriately dealt with by a subordinate court. For example, a Magistrate's Court may hear civil cases where the amount claimed does not exceed S$60,000. If a plaintiff commences
11980451
Supreme Court of Singapore


though, parties may be penalized by having to pay higher costs (legal fees) if they choose to bring a civil case before the High Court when it is more appropriately dealt with by a subordinate court. Generally, except in probate matters, a civil case must be commenced in the High Court if the value of the claim exceeds S$250,000. Probate matters are commenced in the High Court only if the value of the deceased's estate exceeds $3 million, or if the case involves the resealing of a foreign grant of
4915745
Civil procedure in South Africa


saying that “the costs follow the outcome of the case.” The result of such an order is that the losing party will have to pay a substantial portion of the costs incurred by the winning party, along with his or her own costs. Other principles which the civil courts frequently apply, in conjunction with this main principle, are A party may, in exceptional circumstances, be ordered to pay his counterparty's cost. Such circumstances include fraud, dishonesty, reckless, malicious or frivolous motives and grave misconduct. It
18812607
Civil procedure in South Africa


courts in awarding costs. It will give due weight to the constitutional obligation to promote the fundamental right of access to the courts in such a way that legitimate litigants will not be deterred, for fear of an adverse costs order, from approaching the court to have disputes settled. In the High Courts and the Magistrates’ Courts, the principle that the loser pays the winner's costs is still applied in almost all cases. In the Constitutional Court, the Land Claims Court and the Labour Courts, judgments are often given with
18812609
Costs in English law


In English civil litigation, costs are the lawyers' fees and disbursements of the parties. Each party is initially liable to pay their own solicitors on their agreed basis his "solicitor and own client costs", which will include disbursements such as barrister's fees; in case of dispute, the court has jurisdiction to assess and determine the proper amount. In legal aid cases, a similar assessment will determine the costs which the solicitors will be paid from the Legal Aid Fund. In most courts and tribunals, generally after a
5109766
Courts and Legal Services Act 1990


Court of Appeal to order a legal representative in a criminal trial to pay for any "wasted costs" (costs to a party as a result of "an improper, unreasonable or negligent act or omission" from the other party). The legal representative may appeal this decision in a magistrates' court or the Crown Court, but not in the Court of Appeal. The procedure is similar in a civil case, with the exception that the legal representative can try and prove that the costs were not "wasted",
301764
Caribbean Court of Justice


criminal appeals by nearly seven to one, with half of the civil appeals coming from appellants the CCJ deemed too poor to pay for the filing costs. By contrast, under the JCPC, civil appeals have never outnumbered criminal appeals. This combination of lower litigant cost for the CCJ, the Court's willingness to grant "in forma pauperis" and having a wider field of law to hear appeals on has enabled the CCJ to hear types of cases from the region that the JCPC has never known. Although limited to only four
19717263
Pelle Svensson


he filed a civil indictment against a suspected murderer in the case of the disappearance of an eleven-year-old boy north of Sundsvall in 1980 (known in Sweden as "Johanfallet", "the Johan Case"), together with the parents of the boy. The case ultimately ended in loss in the court of appeal, which ordered the parents to pay the court costs, and Svensson was criticized and accused of taking the case in order to receive media attention. In 1988 Svensson served as the defendant to Juha
20344903
Civil recovery


and their agents in pursuing civil recovery. In a 2009 report, they cite several cases which they claim illustrated how the procedure is being abused. These include: Some believe that people are ashamed or intimidated by the threat of court action and escalating costs into paying the demand without challenge. In the case of "A retailer vs Ms B & Ms K", the first civil recovery case to proceed to full trial, Judge Charles Harris QC dismissed the retailers claim, made up almost entirely of £82.50 for "staff
13630402
Contingent fee


are subject to compliance with the statutory scheme. A contingency fee arrangement provides access to the courts for those who cannot afford to pay the attorneys fees and costs of civil litigation. Contingency fees also provide a powerful motivation to the attorney to work diligently on the client's case. In other types of litigation where clients pay the attorney by the hour for their time, it makes little economic difference to the attorney whether the client has a successful outcome to the litigation. Finally, because lawyers assume the financial risk of litigation
940073
Retail loss prevention


awarded damages from those who removed merchandise without paying. Some say this law then began the development of departments that focused on retail loss prevention. In more modern times, merchants expanded "recovery" to include larger monetary damage awards. The controversy surrounds large retailers suing thieves in civil court for up to ten times the replacement cost of the merchandise stolen. These recovery amounts, argued by merchants, are for the costs associated with the detection, prevention, and prosecution of theft. In most cases, these recovery claims are secured
14793172
Costs in English law


his or her costs. Should a case settle, then the parties can seek to agree costs, with the general rule that the losing party pays costs. The order that a judge gives as to costs determines who will be the paying and who the receiving party. The amount of costs remains to be determined by assessment if not agreed. Common costs orders, other than on the Small Claims Track, include the following. As a general rule, after judgment has been handed down, the court "will" order one
5109769
Civil procedure in South Africa


and-party bill of costs must be in accordance with the tariff of fees and charges set out in the schedule to the Rules of Court. Briefly, a bill of costs should indicate The party who has been ordered to pay costs requires the party who is claiming the costs to have the bill taxed by the taxing master of the court. Before a bill of costs may be taxed, the party who has drafted the bill must request a date for taxation from the taxing master. After such a date has been allocated
18812622
Civil procedure in South Africa


no order as to costs, or with an order that each party should pay its own costs. Rule 41(1) of the Divorce Courts provides that parties to divorce proceedings in these courts should pay their own costs, unless there is good reason for the court to order otherwise. Another well-established principle is that, because the making of an order of costs involves the exercise of a judicial discretion, a court of appeal will not readily interfere with an order of costs made by the court of first instance. In "
18812610
Anne Orthwood's bastard trial


for his down payment and the costs for the suit. The county court ruled in Waters' favor, saying it was a breach of contract when Bishopp misdescribed the condition of his maidservant. It was ruled that Bishop must pay back Waters' full down payment and his suit costs. This was a civil liability charge brought against John Kendall. It came before the Northampton County Court on August 29, 1664. The magistrate concluded that the case had two distinct issues; one being whether or not John was liable for Jasper's
14988844
Court costs


far beyond the actual monetary worth of a case. Cases are known in which one party won the case, but lost more than the monetary worth in court costs. Court costs may be awarded to one or both parties in a lawsuit, or they may be waived. In the United Kingdom, Australia and Canada, the losing side is usually ordered to pay the winning side's costs. This acts as a significant disincentive to bringing forward court cases. Usually, the winning party is not able to recover from the losing
1093089
Civil procedure in South Africa


the tariff, Margo will have to pay that agreed fee. This is an order that the costs be paid by the attorney, instead of by the client. A court will make this kind of order where it believes that it was the attorney's fault that certain legal costs were incurred. A court may also order costs "de bonis propiis" against a person who acts in a representative capacity, such as an executor of a deceased estate, or a trustee of an insolvent estate. Such costs are usually granted if
18812617
Civil procedure


Smith v. Sanchez” if it were started by Mr. Smith (though the order of parties' names can change if the case is appealed). Most countries make a clear distinction between civil and criminal procedure. For example, a criminal court may force a convicted defendant to pay a fine as punishment for his crime, and the legal costs of both the prosecution and defence. But the victim of the crime generally pursues his claim for compensation in a civil, not a criminal, action. In France and England, however
798578
Magistrate (England and Wales)


2010, offence-to-completion time for defendants whose case was committed or sent for trial at the Crown Court was an average of 187 days. The estimated average offence-to-completion time in the magistrates' courts for indictable/triable either-way offences was 109 days for the same period. The cost of a trial in the magistrates' court is also much cheaper than the cost in the Crown Court both for the government and for those defendants who pay their own legal costs. However, it should remembered
5519143
Shari Karney


Karney stated that she “never actually sued [her] brother and father because [she doesn’t] need the money." Shari began taking incest survivor cases helping the victims sue their families in civil court to win legal compensation in order to be reimbursed for therapy and other costs. When victims couldn't pay, Shari would finance the suits herself with income from her bar review course, Barwinners. However, Shari found it difficult to win these cases when the courts had a statute of limitations on victims of one year
6684393
Civil procedure in South Africa


with an admission of liability, in which case the matter then terminates. The plaintiff is only entitled to costs up to that point. The defendant is not a judgment debtor. Alternatively, the defendant may make a compromise offer of settlement without admission of liability or without prejudice. If the plaintiff rejects this, the defendant can pay amount into the court in "final settlement." If the plaintiff does not accept payment, this cannot be disclosed to the court until the end of the trial. If judgment is for
18812634
Plantagenet Alliance


proceed with the judicial review and granted them a full "protective costs order". Normally in UK litigation, the "Indemnity Rule" applies and the "loser" pays the "winner's" costs. The protective costs order, however, meant that the Alliance would not have to pay the Ministry's legal costs even if the Alliance lost the case. The judge explained that such orders were granted in judicial review cases where it was in the public interest for the courts to hear the case and it might "otherwise
12000086
Exchequer of Pleas


, and his work continued to be used as the standard until the 1830s. Exchequer business increased under James and Charles I, before the English Civil War disrupted the courts. With the increasing use of the Writ of Quominus, which allowed royal debtors to bring a case against a third party who owed them money if it was that lack of money which prevented them paying the king and the new regime, the Exchequer actively transformed from a "tax court" dealing with civil cases to a dedicated court of equity and common law
9278655
Clerke v. Harwood


of their appeals-court decision had been reversed. Should they be sent back to the Maryland Court of Appeals, or directly back to the trial court? The Supreme Court also considered who should pay the court costs incurred before the Maryland Court of Appeals -- the winner before that court, whose victory had since been reversed, or the ultimate winner of the entire case? In a short per curiam opinion, the U.S. Supreme Court held that the case should be sent directly back to the Maryland trial court, with the ultimate
14817065
Guibord case


pay costs overturned. He also confirmed that the Committee did not think the argument for recusation of the Queen's Bench judges could be sustained. As well, he ruled that the original writ for mandamus was in proper form and gave the court sufficient discretion to craft the remedy sought. Turning to the merits of the appeal, Phillimore J. declined to rule on the precise status of the Roman Catholic Church in Quebec, such as whether it should be considered an established church, and also declined to rule on whether the civil courts
14541503
Mahmoud Reza Banki


the sanctions law, permitting such transfers without the need for a license. The final appellate court brief stated: "Banki's conviction [on the sanctions charges] cannot stand". Prosecutors reopened the case to pursue a retrial in February 2012. However, after a few months of delay and assignment of a new judge, the case was closed criminally with no option for future civil or criminal prosecution. Rather than pay for the high cost of a second criminal defense trial, Banki agreed to relinquish $710k of his
15479732
United States v. Banki


e) a transaction authorized by OFAC through a specific or general license.". The final appellate court brief stated: "Banki's conviction [on the sanctions charges] cannot stand". Prosecutors reopened the case, seeking a retrial in February 2012. However, after a few months of delay and assignment of a new judge, the case was closed criminally with no option for future civil or criminal prosecution. Rather than pay for the high cost of a second criminal defense trial, Banki agreed to relinquish $710,000
16415321
Yehoram Ulman


“not permitted to seek adjudication at a civil court without the express permission of a Beth Din". The judge in his ruling stated that their behaviour "displays either arrogant disregard of their own procedures and rules of natural justice, substantial ineptitude, or inexperience dealing with commercial disputes". The rabbis involved appealed the case, and although the fines were reduced to $25,000 from $50,000, they were still expected to pay costs for the case. In the aftermath of this ruling the Rabbinical Council of Australia and New Zealand
16569162
United States v. Barker


I. However, "because of its position as sovereign suing in its own courts," costs were never available against the government. William Blackstone noted in his Commentaries on the Laws of England that the King would never pay or receive costs at trial. In the 1796 case "United States v. La Vengeance", the Supreme Court of the United States ruled in favor of a citizen who claimed the government had unlawfully seized his ship, and the Court affirmed his judgment "with costs" charged against the federal government. However
6082735
Civil procedure in South Africa


costs-reserved order entails that the issue of which of the parties is to pay the costs of a particular procedure will be decided at a later stage, usually at the end of the matter, when the court can adjudicate the issue in the light of everything that has occurred in course of the proceedings. The court usually reserves cost for argument and determination by a trial court when the liability for costs of an interim application would be more effectively determined by the trial court. This means that the costs of preliminary or interlocutory
18812619
Court costs


party the full amount of his or her own solicitor's (attorney's) costs, and has to pay the shortfall out of his or her own pocket. The loser pays principle does not apply to the United States legal system, although a separate system does operate there. In cases in the federal court system, Title 28, section 1920 of the United States Code, provides: A judge or clerk of any court of the United States may tax as costs the following: (1) Fees of the clerk and
1093090
Nordhordland Bridge


, Kværner had to pay the administration NOK 19.5 million in penalties for overrunning the contract date. However, the court's decision was not unanimous. The plaintiff appealed to case to the Supreme Court, who unanimously confirmed the ruling of Gulating Court of Appeal. In addition, the plaintiff was sentenced to pay the defendants legal costs of NOK 910,000. The bridge was officially opened by King Harald V on 22 September 1994. It was the second pontoon bridge in Norway, after the Bergsøysund Bridge which opened in 1992. The last
13436963
Civil procedure in England and Wales


application can be made to court for the claim to be re-allocated. Cases are heard by a District Judge who will normally use an interventionist approach. This is an approach that allows the court to try to intervene in helping the parties to agree with one another in sorting out the case. Cases are dealt with in a relatively informal way and are now heard in open court (prior to the 1999 reforms small claim cases were heard in private). The use of solicitors is discouraged because the costs of legal representation
13008205
New Mexico Supreme Court Building


Mexico issued bonds of $175,000 to pay for its portion of the construction costs, and a tax of $2.50 was levied on each civil case docketed. During the Cold War in the 1950s, the building doubled as a fallout shelter. The original two elevators, and the additional third elevator added in the 1960s, have been upgraded to current standards. Over the decades, piping and court seating were upgraded, as were the electrical and heating systems, water pipes, communications lines, and emergency/fire alarm system The
15737207
Maury County Board of Education


discharged, although the District had claimed not to have funds for any position that she might fill. Under the state's tenure policy, tenured teachers have preference for open positions before non-tenured ones. In February 1970 the United States Court of Appeals, Sixth Circuit ruled against the Maury County Board of Education. It awarded Hatton with reinstatement of employment with the county, as well as back-pay for the time off, and costs of court proceedings. This case was important to civil rights in Tennessee, as it
8524491
Same-sex marriage in the Northwest Territories


the application before this court were to succeed, there is every reason to believe that repercussions against people of conscience and religion...will soon begin to occur here also." They asked that the court not impose costs on them: "Costs incurred to this point already exceed our ability to pay." A ruling never came from the territorial Supreme Court, after royal assent of the "Civil Marriage Act", which automatically struck down the territory's marriage law so it could include same-sex couples. The couple who
10934104
Criminal costs


Criminal costs are financial penalties awarded against convicted criminals, in addition to the sentence they receive, in recognition of the costs of the court in bringing the prosecution. A magistrates' court or the Crown Court may award such costs as are "just and reasonable" against an offender. Usually, these are much less than the full economic cost of the prosecution as the court must consider the offender's ability to pay. An exception is the specific case of health and safety prosecutions where the court will award the totality of prosecution
22107746
Jason Morrison (radio broadcaster)


"typical of people who run around smearing others and the moment they are criticised, run to the courts". The case was won by Morrison and 2GB and described in the media as Australia's longest running defamation case after it went to the NSW Supreme Court, the NSW Court of Appeal, and the High Court of Australia. Trad was ordered to pay more than $500,000 in costs. In 2015, Morrison made international news when he told a leading British Islamic scholar he was "unfit for civilised society.
21756910
Chicago Lawyers' Committee for Civil Rights Under Law


damages, and pay Ms. Parker $20,000 for her emotional distress and $10,000 in punitive damages, for a total of $100,000. New Jerusalem was also ordered to pay city fines, attorneys' fees and costs. CLC attorney Rachel Marks, along with Kirkland and Ellis LLP attorneys Paul Collier and Aaron Goodman, represented Ms. Parker and Ms. Pierce. In "McFadden v. Board of Education for Illinois School District"- a case involving educational inequities in the school district that includes Elgin, Illinois- federal District Court Judge Robert Gettleman issued a
12037379
Jury fees


Jury fees refer to the daily stipend paid to jurors. The source of these fees varies according to the kind of trial. Government pays the fees in criminal trials, while the litigants share the costs in a civil action as part of court costs. Not infrequently, the entire burden of court costs may be shifted to the loser of a civil action. A deposit of one day's fees may be required in advance of the trial by the litigant requesting the presence of a jury. California's jury fee provisions appear at
6202183
United States v. Barker


United States v. Barker, 15 U.S. (2 Wheat.) 395 (1817), was a case decided by the United States Supreme Court upholding the common law tradition that private citizens may not demand costs from the federal government. The case involved a motion for costs filed against the United States Government and resolved the previously unanswered question of whether courts could award costs against the United States federal government. The Court's opinion read, in its entirety, "[t]he United States never pay costs." Jurists have remarked that
6082733
EDO MBM Technology Ltd v Campaign to Smash EDO


Zyclon B case , who was executed for assisting the genocidal policies of the Nazi regime in Germany in the 1940s. In February 2006 in an out of court settlement several defendants who had been represented by lawyers funded by Legal Aid agreed that they would sign undertakings not to not do certain things that they had never done or had any intention of doing, on condition of discontinuance, and that defendants costs of the case were paid by EDO and EDO also pay their own substantial costs, but most importantly of all, that the
5064863
InfiLaw System


terms, before the expiration of their last term of employment. United States federal judge, Susan Bolton, dismissed the original complaint, but allowed the complaint to be amended in 2014. The amended complaint was subsequently dismissed by District Court, this time with prejudice. The District Court also ordered plaintiffs to pay most of the defendants' costs incurred to date in connection with the case. The plaintiffs appealed both the granting of the Motion to Dismiss and the Order to pay costs/fees to the US Court of Appeals for the
8526660
Court of Chancery


legislative enactments, the tally of which "begins to look quite impressive", the old problems continued, albeit less frequently; one barrister of the time claimed that going to the Court with a case worth anything less than £500 was a waste of time. Under Lord Hardwicke, Chancery procedure was further reformed with a pair of orders published in 1741 and 1747, which mandated that a claimant who brought his case to court and had it dismissed immediately should pay full costs to the other side, rather than the 40 shillings
2911557
Private prosecution


If the defendant is convicted, the criminal court can sentence him to pay damages to the plaintiff for the criminal offence, and to reimburse his legal costs, in addition to the criminal punishment. But if the private prosecution or the referral to the investigating judge is regarded as abusive, the plaintiff may be sentenced to pay damages to the accused and a civil fine to the state by the criminal court. The civil fine may even be inflicted by the investigating judge ordering the non-suit. Private prosecutions remain possible in the
1755223
Will contest


determine if a will contest is worth the expense. In some cases, the threat of a will contest is intended to both pressure the estate into avoiding the expense of a trial and forcing an out-of-court settlement more favorable to disgruntled heirs. However, those who make frivolous or groundless objections to a will may be forced to pay the costs for both sides in the court battle. Courts do not necessarily look to fairness during will contests, and a considerable portion of will contests are initiated by those who have
11156316
Costs in English law


court to order a party who loses against "pro bono" representation to make an appropriate charitable donation "in lieu" of costs. There are also specific exceptions to the principle for: The rule that "costs follow the event" is observed on the Multi- and Fast Tracks. However, the judge has considerable discretion to apply or disapply these rules if the result would otherwise be unjust. The paying party can appeal against the costs order by the usual routes of appeal. If a case is allocated to the Small Claims
5109778
Archibald Maule Ramsay


story, having found no evidence that Ramsay had communicated anything to the German legation, and it was found guilty. The judge awarded a farthing (¼d) in damages, the customary award for a libel plaintiff who technically won a case, but was adjudged to have brought his trouble on himself. If the defendant in a libel case pays into court beforehand a sum not less than the damages ultimately awarded, he is not liable for costs; as "The New York Times" had paid £75 into court, Ramsay
19017088
Gentle Wind Project


for improperly disbursing hundreds of thousands of dollars to themselves. The Attorney General asked the court to end sales of the "healing instruments", dissolve the corporation, ban the parties from serving as officers and directors of nonprofit corporations, order the return of all funds, and provide for restitution. On August 14, 2006, the case was resolved by a consent decree in which the defendants "agreed to pay civil penalties and costs and to an injunction that prohibits them from making certain health and research claims about the "healing
20560726
Kris Kobach


ruled that Kobach was in contempt. He was not fined but was ordered to pay court costs, including more than $26,000 in attorney fees for the American Civil Liberties Union, which sought the contempt ruling and that "any further remedial measures" would be taken upon her ruling on the case. Moriah Day, a spokeswoman for Kobach's campaign for governor, said the secretary of state's office would appeal the decision and would have no other comment. Kobach traveled to Alaska both to testify in the legislature on behalf of
2573944
General Court of Virginia (colonial)


court could hear any appeal, but in 1647 the House of Burgesses passed a law restricting its civil appellate jurisdiction to cases involving an amount at controversy of at least ten pounds sterling or 1600 pounds of tobacco. Appellants had to pay a penalty if the General Court upheld the original decision; originally, the appellant had to pay double the original damages, but this was eventually reduced to 115% of the original damages. The court had no restrictions, however, on hearing appeals in cases in which no monetary damages were sought
10797694
Mandamus


is not maintainable when a remedy provided for under the Code of Civil Procedure is available. For example, the High Court cannot entertain writ petitions for mandamus to the Government who fails to deposit and pay in the requisite time an enhanced compensation account as ordered by a lower Court. The petitioners in this case would be directed to approach the executing Court for appropriate relief. Only the Supreme Court and High Courts are empowered to exercise Writ Jurisdiction, under Art. 32 and 226 of Constitution. No other courts are empowered to
8712857
Boddie v. Connecticut


Boddie v. Connecticut, 401 U.S. 371 (1971), was a case before the United States Supreme Court. A class action was formed representing female welfare recipients residing in Connecticut and wishing divorces, but prevented from bringing divorce suits by Connecticut statutes requiring payment of court fees and costs for service of process as a condition precedent to access to the courts. There was no dispute as to their inability to pay the court fees or costs. Plaintiffs sought a judgment declaring the statutes (requirements for payment of court fees and costs for
21489024
Re Canavan


superannuation payments, other entitlements and staff payments. The government could demand repayment of such amounts or it can waive repayment. The Commonwealth undertook to pay the legal costs of the all the parties and of Tony Windsor (intervening in the Joyce case). The High Court's decision immediately disqualified Joyce, Nash and Roberts from Parliament. Ludlam and Waters had already resigned. Xenophon, who was found eligible had, whilst the case was before the High Court, resigned from the Senate to run for the South Australian Parliament. Two
7027153
Sardis Lake (Oklahoma)


to pay the costs of operating the dam and lake. However, the state was unable to sell the water it needed to recover its costs, so the state discontinued payments to the federal government in 1997. The federal government sued the state for breach of contract and recovery of funds. The case wound its way through the courts and eventually Oklahoma lost the case when the Supreme Court declined to hear the case. Thus, the Corps of Engineers legally owns Sardis Lake. Shortly after Sardis Lake was filled, various plans were
20205132
Civil procedure in South Africa


costs; only those which were necessary and properly incurred in order to obtain justice and to protect the client's rights. Where a court simply makes an order of costs against one party in favour of another, this is deemed to be a party-and-party order of costs. For example, Cameron institutes a claim against Rodney. The court eventually decides in Cameron's favour. This means that Rodney will have to pay the account of Cameron's attorney in respect of all costs that were necessary in order to obtain
18812612
O. C. Kaligis


made with his celebrity girlfriends Luna Maya and Cut Tari. In 2009, Kaligis represented Prita Mulyasari, who was sued by Omni International Hospital in Tangerang, west of Jakarta, for defamation. Prita had written an email complaining the hospital had misdiagnosed her case of mumps as dengue fever. Omni reported Prita to police and she arrested. Judges dismissed the case, so Omni Hospital filed a civil case and Prita was ordered to pay Rp312 million in damages. When Prita appealed, the High Court upheld the decision. The Supreme Court
5917530
Oslo District Court


encourage negotiations in civil cases. This allows the parties to find a middle ground they are both satisfied with, without creating winners and losers. At the same time, time and costs are reduced. In 2007, 18% of civil cases participated in the program, and of these 74% settled through the program. The court is located in Oslo Courthouse, located in the city center. The building opened in 1994, and also houses the urban district court judge. Borgarting Court of Appeal moved to its own courthouse in
8824142
LGBT history in Finland


8,000 in court costs, but she appealed the decision to Helsinki Court of Appeals, which judged the case in favor of Korhonen awarding her a total of €80,400 for wrongful termination. Two months later, on May 17, Alma Media requested a leave to appeal the case to the Supreme Court. On February 1, 2011, the Supreme Court refused to grant the leave to appeal, determining the case in Korhonen's favor and forcing Alma Media to pay Korhonen the €80,400. On November 11, 2008, the then
20717809
Civil procedure in South Africa


the date determined by the court. The court may, in addition, stipulate such conditions as it deems fit. As far as the costs of the appearance at the hearing in chambers are concerned, the rule applies that the judgment debtor will be ordered to pay the costs unless it appears at the hearing that the debtor has made an offer to settle the judgment debt in instalments that the court considers reasonable, or unless it appears that he has notified the judgment creditor that he was not able to make an offer, and
18812582
Rank Pay


July 2003 The Division Bench confirms the judgment of the Single Judge. 2006 MOD agrees to pay Major Dhanapalan his arrears. While conceding that it acted wrongly in the case of Major Dhanapalan, opposes extending the benefits to other similarly affected officers, compelling them, and the many widows, to go to court at their own cost, to seek their dues. 8 March 2010 Supreme Court of India rules in favour of all the Armed Forces officers eligible to be paid Rank Pay. It agrees with "the High Court of Kerala
10222219
John Paul Getty Jr.


, Paul II refused to pay for the treatment, leaving his brother, Gordon, to pay his nephew's expenses. The litigation judge who allowed the case to go to trial scolded Paul Jr.: "Mr. Getty should be ashamed of himself spending far more money on court obligations than living up to his moral duties." Claiming that he doubted the severity of his son's debilitation, Getty sent his lawyer to Los Angeles to confirm it and finally agreed to pay the costs. During his nine-month stint in the
1619816
Small claims court


claims track, producing a small claims action in the County Court. These cases are heard by district judges under an informal procedure. An important difference between small claims and other civil claims is that the parties are usually unable to recover their legal costs, regardless of who wins or loses. For this reason, most individuals and businesses involved in small claims deal with them without legal representation. The winning party will, however, generally be able to recover the following costs, fee and expenses from the losing party: The separate
12964900
Kris Kobach


was ordered by federal judge Julie A. Robinson to pay $26,000 in attorney fees to the Kansas American Civil Liberties Union for court costs in a proof-of-citizenship case which he lost. In September 2014, Democrat Chad Taylor announced he was withdrawing from that year's U.S. Senate race in Kansas. Kobach ruled that he had improperly filed his withdrawal, and his name had to remain on the ballot. Taylor claimed to have followed the instructions of Assistant Secretary of State Brad Bryant on his filing, which was completed within
2573912
Immigration detention in the United States


criminals to have full access to legal counsel, even if they cannot afford to pay for their own legal counsel. In many courts around the United States United States have yet to find that those who are not citizens in removal cases are able to use the Sixth Amendment which is their right to counsel. The criminalization of undocumented immigrants, or accused U.S. citizens of being undocumented have not in most cases committed a crime coming to the U.S., but instead have committed a civil offense. A civil offense rarely leads a person
8850941
Philip Morris v. Uruguay


similar cases against Norway and Australia. On 2 July 2013, the tribunal decided it had jurisdiction. The resolution of the case, which affected international jurisprudence, took 6 years; the case ended on 8 July 2016. The World Bank [ICSID] ruled in favor of Uruguay, forcing the demandant to pay the costs of the defendants and the court. The final report established that Philip Morris had to pay 7 million dollars to the country for judicial expenses, in addition to paying different amounts for the fees and administrative expenses
4449734
Bawtry gasworks contamination


High Court of Justice where Mr. Justice Forbes ruled that they were liable for the costs of the decontamination. The ruling was considered a crucial issue by NGG as, if they were deemed liable in this particular instance, then they could be found liable in a substantial number, possibly thousands, of other cases involving former gasworks. The case was the first time that a UK business had been pursued through the courts to pay the remediation costs for land which was contaminated by utility companies that no longer existed. Phil Kirby, the
14697567
Attorney's fee


in most of the Commonwealth of Nations, and in civil law systems such as those of most of Europe and many former European colonies. For example, in a court case under English law, the fees of solicitors and barristers (two types of lawyer) are combined with court costs and various other expenses into a combined "costs", while non-court solicitor expenses may be separately billed as per-hour charges and those of barristers as daily brief fees. The losing party in a case in most common law systems
15961658
Civil procedure in South Africa


orders are often made because the losing party agreed to pay such costs in an agreement prior to litigation. A court may also make an attorney-and-client order to penalise a party which the court believes has acted improperly. Attorney-and-own-client costs are the remuneration to which an attorney is entitled, in terms of an agreement or mandate with the client which stipulates that the attorney is to be remunerated according to a predetermined rate (hourly, for example). This order of costs therefore entitles the
18812615
Ruthann Aron


in which former business partners accused her of fraud or other offenses. A federal judge overturned one of the verdicts, and Aron settled both suits out of court after agreeing to pay about $175,000 in each case. At the slander trial, Aron cited Brock's use of the term "convicted" for verdicts that had come in civil court. Lawyer Arthur G. Kahn, who had prosecuted one of the fraud cases, testified against Aron at the February 1996 trial, which Aron lost. Nonetheless, it was the first time
12965501
Landmark Legal Foundation


1990, Landmark was involved in a civil rights court case when it questioned the legality of taxes to pay for the effect of segregation in Kansas City; the case went to the Supreme Court, which decided the taxes were legal. In 2007 the Landmark Legal Foundation nominated commentator Rush Limbaugh, who sits as an unpaid member of its advisory board, for a Nobel Peace Prize. Donors to Landmark include the Sarah Scaife Foundation, the Charles G. Koch Charitable Foundation and ExxonMobil. In 2016, the director of Penn State Earth System
16043328
John Galliano


Dior Couture SA". The court ordered Cheyenne Freedom to pay Dior €1.17 million "for hurting the company’s image and reputation". On 21 November 2013, the Paris Court of Appeals rejected an appeal by Christian Dior Couture SA, which was seeking to move the case to a commercial court from the Conseil de prud’hommes (Labour Court) and ordered Christian Dior Couture SA and John Galliano SA each to pay the Galliano €2,500 and court costs. Galliano "is seeking compensation in the range of 6 million euros"
20669957
Taxation of costs


Taxation of costs is a ministerial function performed by a court upon the resolution of case. It involves entering the various costs and their amounts against the party (either the claimant or defendant) against whom those costs have been awarded by the court. The itemisation of costs or the subsequent determination of the costs that should be allowed is not a determination of the outcome of the litigation. This is now known as detailed assessment in English law following the Civil Procedure Act 1997. In early common law costs were unknown, but as
4369086
Exchequer of Pleas


cases against their own officials and other figures engaged in collecting the royal revenue. The court was also used to prosecute clerics who, while innocent, had come close to committing an infraction; as the plaintiff was represented by the Attorney General, the costs were reduced, and as the Attorney General had no incentive to compromise it was more threatening to the cleric. In 1649 the Exchequer formally extended its common law and equity jurisdiction, becoming a fully fledged court of law able to hear any civil case. The main focus of
9278666
Coleman v. Tollefson


Coleman v. Tollefson, 575 U.S. ___ (2015), is a United States Supreme Court case dealing with a prisoner's inability to file lawsuits "in forma pauperis" after filing 3 lawsuits which are dismissed because they are "frivolous, malicious, or [fail] to state a claim upon which relief may be granted." 28 U.S.C. § 1915 allows federal litigants who are too poor to pay court fees to proceed "in forma pauperis", allowing them to file without prepaying court costs. § 1915(g)
18551060
Permanent Court of Arbitration


cases. The distribution of the amounts to be paid by the individual member states is based on the system in use by the Universal Postal Union. Parties to arbitration have to pay the expenses of the arbitral tribunal set up to hear the case, including the salary of the arbitrators, registry and administrative functions, but not including overhead of the organization). The costs of arbitration vary from case to case and discussions may be held between the PCA and the parties over fee arrangements. The fixed costs for action as an appointing
17363410
Costs in English law


and at any time that the Court orders them. A party that has costs awarded in their favour will not be limited to their estimate, but if the costs claimed exceed the estimate by 20% they will need to provide reasons. If the paying party has shown that they relied on the estimated, the Court can use the estimate as evidence that the claim is disproportionate. If a case is issued since 1 April 2013, and is allocated to the Multi-track, the parties can be forced to submit a budget
5109790
Syngenta


recovery of degraded areas and agriculture production systems, as well as environmental education programs. Court case In November 2015, Judge Pedro Ivo Moreiro, of the 1st Civil Court of Cascavel, ruled that Syngenta must pay compensation to the family of Valmir Mota de Oliveira ("Keno"), who was killed in the attack, and to Isabel Nascimento dos Santos who was injured. In his sentence the judge stated that "to refer to what happened as a confrontation is to close one’s eyes to reality, since […
6307694
Maryland District Court


which it sits, such as the "Allegany County District Court." The court sits in at least one location in each county, with multiple places of sitting in Baltimore City and some large suburban counties. While counties must typically pay many of the expenses for the local Maryland Circuit Court, the state always pays for the operations of the District Court. There is at least one district judge in each county and in the city of Baltimore. The court exercises exclusive jurisdiction over civil cases with claims of less than $5,000
19736472
Queen's Counsel Selection Panel


in the Higher Courts. They are required to name references (judges, colleagues and clients) who will attest to their competencies and attend an interview with two panel members. Applicants are judged based on the evidence submitted including their references, interview performance, ability and results attained in complex and important cases and key competencies. As the Panel are self-funding, applicants are required to pay the cost of their application. Currently the non-refundable fee for all applicants is £2,340 and successful candidates are required to pay a
19076009
Reggie Jones-Sawyer


funding for intervention workers, counselors, and other supportive mental health service providers. AB 570 – Continuation Schools: Voluntary Placement Requires school districts to establish and adopt policies and procedures for governing the identification, placement and intake procedures for pupils who voluntarily enroll in continuation schools. AB 648 – Court Reporters Establishes the requirement of a fee of $30 for each proceeding that lasts one hour or less in a civil action or case to offset the costs of the services of official court reporters in civil proceedings. AB 752 – Work Furloughs
14763884
Criminal procedure


to pay a fine as punishment for his crime, and he may sometimes have to pay the legal costs of the prosecution. But the victim of the crime pursues his claim for compensation in a civil, not a criminal, action. In France, Italy, and many countries besides, the victim of a crime (known as the "injured party") may be awarded damages by a criminal court judge. The standards of proof are higher in a criminal action than in a civil one since the loser risks not only
16636140
User pays


user and beneficiary occurs when production and consumption have external effects. A driver who purchases gasoline may believe that he or she is paying for the full cost (user-pays) of using gasoline, except that greenhouse gases are produced. These impose costs on the environment and are believed to contribute to climate change. The "beneficiaries" must bear costs not paid in the purchase of gasoline. In this case the user-pays principle results in the driver not paying the full or social cost of using fossil fuels, which
8564206
Master (judiciary)


and Wales is concerned primarily with trial and case management of High Court civil claims in London excluding committals to prison, judicial review and criminal cases. There are masters in the Queen's Bench and Chancery Divisions and the Costs Office (Taxing Masters/Costs Judges) and their roles differ slightly. Such a person is addressed in court as, for example, "Master Smith". This is so whether the master is male or female, or as either 'Master' or 'Judge'. A similar type of master
4611461
Civil procedure in South Africa


then has the effect of a court order; if the party who is liable for payment of same fails to pay the bill of costs, payment may be enforced by means of a warrant of execution. Review of taxation is provided for by HCR 48 and MCR 35. HCR 67 indicates which fees are payable to the court, while HCR 68 indicates which tariffs are applicable to the sheriff. HCR 69 sets out the maximum fees for advocates on the party-and-party scale in certain matters. HCR 70 provides for
18812627
New Zealand Climate Science Coalition


acknowledged that the earth had been warming for 150 years, but claimed it had not heated as much as NIWA claimed. In 2012, the High Court declined all claims and ruled that the Coalition pay NIWA's costs. In his decision, Justice Venning said: "I am satisfied that the methodology applied by NIWA was in accordance with internationally recognised and credible scientific methodology." The Coalition was ordered to pay NIWA $89,000 in costs after losing the case. When the Coalition refused to pay, NIWA pursued liquidation. When
11826178
Custody battle for Anna Mae He


The Bakers will have to pay all legal fees, according to the opinion. After the judgment was entered, on 2007-02-02, the Bakers motioned the Tennessee Supreme Court to rehear the case and stay the custody transfer. The Tennessee Supreme Court promptly denied both motions on 2007-02-09 and ordered the Bakers to pay costs "for which execution may issue if necessary". Immediately thereafter, the Bakers petitioned to the U.S. Supreme Court to stay the transfer of custody. The U.S. Supreme Court denied Bakers
12339019
Oldcotes Dyke


lake, which discharged into Kingsforth Brook, and subsequently into Maltby Dike. The incident resulted in a number of fish dying, and the population of certain invertebrates, including fresh water shrimps, being depleted. Because Severn Trent Water, the owner of the pipeline, had received two previous warnings about similar incidents at this location, they were fined £480,000, and ordered to pays the costs of the Environment Agency, who brought the case to court. The costs were a further £13,675.38, and the fine was one of
10394793
Hugh Evelyn


libelled the two trustees who were administering his meagre income by putting posters of their faces all over London; they took him to court and had the posters taken down. He unsuccessfully took a case to the KBD court and owed court costs of £30 which he was unable to pay; he spent 18 years of his life in prison. Sir Hugh died without issue at Forest Hill, London, on 28 August 1848, aged 79, and was buried on 9 September 1848, at Wotton, Surrey. On his death
4118690
Essam El Hadary


while his suspension was stayed by the Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS), El Hadary moved to Egyptian Premier League side Ismaily. In 2010, his four month suspension was upheld by the CAS, and in January a Swiss civil court upheld the ban and fines and additionally ordered him to pay FIFA's court costs. In December 2010, after a brief stint with Zamalek SC, El Hadary moved to Sudanese club Al-Merreikh. After boycotting practices due to a pay dispute, he was loaned to Al-Ittihad
3031523
Fred Phelps


the federal appeals court ordered Albert Snyder to pay the court costs for the Westboro Baptist Church, an amount totaling $16,510. Political commentator Bill O'Reilly agreed on March 30 to cover the costs, pending appeal. A writ of certiorari was granted on an appeal to the Supreme Court of the United States, and the oral argument for the case took place on October 6, 2010. Margie Phelps, one of Fred Phelps' children, represented the Westboro Baptist Church. The Court ruled in favor of Phelps in an 8–1 decision
1455381
Chacón Navas v Eurest Colectividades SA


wide open to a Court exercising its power to narrow, not expand, the definition. The ECJ case leaves uncertainty about what sicknesses would result in disability, such as episodic mental illness, or sicknesses that take time to become full-fledged permanent limitations. The consequences of the case mean that the ECJ has protected employers in their actions against employees who lose capacity due to minor or temporary illnesses, in the case of Spanish law allowing them to make a cost-benefit analysis to pay compensation and rid themselves of an individual
473502
Christic Institute


attorneys fees and $79,500 in court costs. The United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit affirmed the ruling, and the Supreme Court of the United States let the judgment stand by refusing to hear an additional appeal. The fine was levied in accordance with “Rule 11” of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, which says that lawyers can be penalized for frivolous lawsuits. In the wake of the dismissal, Christic attorneys and Honey and Avirgan traded accusations over who was to blame for the failure of the case.
11918859
Mayo Foundation for Medical Education & Research v. United States


contribute and benefit from the Social Security system". The Mayo Clinic noted that it had been paying the taxes while the case was pending in the courts, so the 15-page opinion would not force them to pay back taxes. In March 2010, while the case was pending before the Supreme Court, the Treasury announced that it would not contest refund claims for taxes paid prior to the April 2005 regulation. It would however assess taxes on salaries paid after that date, which would cost residency programs a total of approximately $700
2697456
Nigel Kennedy (politician)


off their engagement when leaving Fortnum & Mason with another girl, telling Harrison "Don't talk to me. I am a corpse." Kennedy did not attend the court and judgment for breach of promise was entered against him in default of his appearance. The judge, Mr Justice Croom-Johnson, referred the case to the Official Referee who on 13 January 1941 ordered Kennedy to pay £2,000 damages, with costs. As he was unable to pay, on Friday 17 January 1941 an auction of Kennedy's belongings (
1236437
High-dose chemotherapy and bone marrow transplant


hospitals who, by 1995, were billing the procedure at $80,000 to $100,000, at a cost to the hospital of less than $60,000. Hospitals, like Beth Israel in Boston, devoted entire floors to transplant units. In 1993, a landmark court case, "Fox v. Health Net". changed the existing policy of HMOs toward paying for the treatment. A public-school teacher named Nelene Hiepler Fox (1953–1993) was diagnosed with breast cancer in 1991. She requested her HMO to pay for High-
18105162
Ho v. Taflove


research and thus their actions do not constitute a claim for conversion under Illinois state law. On April 9, 2010, the District Court ordered the plaintiffs to pay $34,869.76 in costs to Taflove and Chang. On December 20, 2010, the District Court ordered the plaintiffs to also pay $745,582 in legal fees to Taflove and Chang. The District Court, in finding that legal fees should be awarded, relied on the strength of Taflove and Chang's case, the relief awarded, and a finding that significant evidence indicated
20580093
Health and safety crime in the United Kingdom


are able to order convicted persons to pay the costs of their prosecution. In general, courts will only award a nominal sum, not the full economic cost. However, in the specific case of health and safety prosecution, the court will award the totality of prosecution costs against the offender. The Regulatory Enforcement and Sanctions Act 2008 will give a Minister of the Crown the power to introduce, by Statutory Instrument, a system of fixed penalty notices for the section 33 offences. As of 2008, there are residual provisions of
17066147
European Civil Service


but the Council, representing the member states, was only willing to grant a pay rise of 1.85%. In November 2010, the European Court of Justice ruled that there was no legal basis for the Council to set the pay rise to 1.85%. It has been noted that the ECJ judges who would decide in this case would be themselves to benefit from any salary increase agreed. To be noted that the index is published and applied one year and half later, and this delay cause the quarrels like in the 2010
10369779