who proclaimed manila as the capital of the philippines
Capital of the Philippines


June 10, 1574, King Philip II of Spain gave Manila the title of "Insigne y Siempre Leal Ciudad" ("Distinguished and Ever Loyal City"). In 1595, Manila was proclaimed as the capital of the Philippine Islands and became a center of the trans-Pacific silver trade for more than three centuries. When the British captured Manila during the Seven Years' War, they temporarily transferred the capital to Bacolor, Pampanga, and moved back to Manila after the signing of the 1763 Treaty of Paris. When
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Quezon City


Quezon City (, ; ; ; also known as QC or Kyusi) is a highly urbanized city and the most populous city in the Philippines. It was founded by and named after Manuel L. Quezon, the 2nd President of the Philippines, to replace Manila as the national capital. The city was proclaimed as such in 1948, though a significant number of government buildings have remained in Manila. Quezon City held status as the official capital until 1976 when a presidential decree was issued to reinstate and designate Manila as the capital and
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Manila Peninsula siege


the North and South Luzon Expressways. A website soon appeared, proclaiming Lim and Senator Antonio Trillanes IV as the leaders of the coup. The website entry read: The Philippine National Police declared a red alert status in Metro Manila as a result of the incident. At 2:46 pm PST, Police Director Geary Barias, chief of the National Capital Region Police Office, ordered everyone inside the Manila Peninsula to vacate, according to reports on radio and television. The Philippine military rushed at least three battalions of infantry, consisting of roughly
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Capital of the Philippines


accomplishments in Manila were the Philippine General Hospital, the Manila Hotel, the Manila Army and Navy Club, and the Philippine Normal University During the time of the Commonwealth, Manila still served as the nation's capital. During these times too that Commonwealth President Manuel L. Quezon dreamed of a city that could become the future capital of the country, replacing Manila. In the summer of 1939 President Quezon contacted William Parsons and asked him to choose a new site for and then to design a new Philippine capital. Parsons arrived in June
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Philippine revolts against Spain


the British invasion of Manila. On December 14, 1762, Diego Silang declared the independence of Ilocandia, naming the state "Free Ilocos" and proclaimed Vigan the capital of this newly independent state. The British heard about this revolt in Manila and even asked the help of Silang in fighting the Spanish. However, Silang was killed on May 28, 1763 by Miguel Vicos, a friend of Silang. The Spanish authorities paid for his murder, leading to his death in the arms of his wife, Gabriela. She continued
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Metropolis


is the metropolitan region encompassing the city of Manila and its surrounding areas in the Philippines. It is composed of 17 cities namely Manila, Caloocan, Las Piñas, Makati, Malabon, Mandaluyong, Marikina, Muntinlupa, Navotas, Pasay, Pasig, Parañaque, Quezon City, San Juan, Taguig, Valenzuela and Pateros. The region is the political, economic, social, cultural, and educational center of the Philippines. As proclaimed by Presidential Decree No. 940, Metro Manila as a whole is the Philippines' seat of
11661959
Capital of the Philippines


Japanese-sponsored Second Philippine Republic and throughout World War II, the City of Greater Manila, established in 1941 combining Manila and adjacent municipalities, still served as the nation's capital. However Baguio serve as the temporary capital of government in exile and the site where General Tomoyuki Yamashita and Vice Admiral Okochi surrendered. Quezon died in exile during the war years. After the war, Quezon City was put back on track as capital of an independent republic. In 1945, President Sergio Osmeña, who had taken over when Quezon died
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Manila


fought against the Americans for control of the city. The Americans defeated the First Philippine Republic captured President Emilio Aguinaldo, who declared allegiance to the United States on April 1, 1901. Upon drafting a new charter for Manila in June 1901, the Americans made official what had long been tacit: that the city of Manila consisted not of Intramuros alone but also of the surrounding areas. The new charter proclaimed that Manila was composed of eleven municipal districts: presumably Binondo, Ermita, Intramuros, Malate, Paco, Pandacan, Sampaloc
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Philippine Revolution


by the insurgent government. On May 1, 1898, the Battle of Manila Bay took place as part of the Spanish–American War. On May 24, Aguinaldo, who had returned from voluntary exile on May 19, announced in Cavite, "... I return to assume command of all the forces for the attainment of our lofty aspirations, establishing a dictatorial government which will set forth decrees under my sole responsibility, ..." On 12 June, Aguinaldo proclaimed Philippine independence. On 18 June, Aguinaldo issued a decree proclaiming
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Manila (song)


"Manila" is a song by Filipino band Hotdog. The song is written about love for the Philippine capital. It tells about a man who misses Manila while living in another country for years. The upbeat song was inspired by Tony Bennett's hit single, "I Left My Heart in San Francisco". It topped the radio charts in 1984. It centers on the story of the narrator who left the Philippine for a foreign country to work and became homesick after living out for long. The narrator then tells of
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Capital of the Philippines


the new Cultural Center of the Philippines. but the Novaliches was still chosen for the proposed capital. During the administration of Fidel V. Ramos there were suggestions during his term to move the nation's capital to Fort Bonifacio as part of the conversion plans then. While Gloria Macapagal Arroyo proposed that the nation's capital to move to Cebu City. Manila remains the capital city of the Philippines, but the administrative and political centers of the national government are spread throughout Metro Manila with the Executive (Malacañan Palace) and the Judiciary (
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Manila Hotel


tallest hotel tower in the Manila Bay area. When the United States took over the Philippine Islands from the Spanish in 1898 after the Spanish–American War, President William McKinley began Americanizing the former Spanish colony. In 1900 he appointed William Howard Taft to head the Philippine Commission to evaluate the needs of the new territory. Taft, who later became the Philippines' first civilian Governor-General, decided that Manila, the capital, should be a planned town. He hired as his architect and city planner Daniel Hudson Burnham,
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Imperial Manila


influence was voiced by National Artist of the Philippines Nick Joaquin, who said "When Manila sneezes, the Philippines catches cold." It is unknown when the term was first used, but there are political writers, particularly those living outside Metro Manila, who associate this term with the People Power Revolution because it was believed that the country's former president, Ferdinand Marcos, was toppled from his position without the participation of Filipinos living in areas outside of the capital region. In the 1970s, Marcos borrowed $2.5 billion USD
10382015
Mexican settlement in the Philippines


were Acapulco and Puerto Vallarta with their final destination to Manila, the current capital of the Philippines. The Spanish ships on these routes were known as the Manila galleons. After the arrival of Mexican immigrants to the Philippines, they belonged to different ethnic groups such as indigenous and mestizos and Creoles who mainly mixed with the local population, which also increased the number of descendants with Spanish surnames. The construction of the military fort of Zamboanga counted with the help of these Mexican immigrants who had already settled in the islands. The Mexican
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Self-proclaimed monarchy


Emperor Jacques I". He ruled for two years. In 1811, the president, Henry Christophe proclaimed himself "King Henri I" and ruled till 1820. In 1849, the president, Faustin Soulouque, proclaimed himself "Emperor Faustin I" and ruled until 1859. In 1823, in Manila, Philippines, a regimental captain, Andrés Novales, staged a mutiny and proclaimed himself "Emperor of the Philippines". After one day, Spanish troops from Pampanga and Intramuros removed him. In 1893, James Harden-Hickey
16516624
2016 Philippine House of Representatives election in Metro Manila


Elections were held in Metro Manila (the National Capital Region) for seats in the House of Representatives of the Philippines on May 9, 2016. The candidate with the most votes won that district's seat for the 17th Congress of the Philippines. Incumbent representative Enrico Echiverri, who was elected with 47% of the vote in 2013, chose not to seek re-election and will instead run again for mayor. Running for this seat are Dale Gonzalo Malapitan, who lost to Echiverri in 2013, incumbent councilor Susana Punzalan,
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Manila Bay


Manila Bay () is a natural harbor which serves the Port of Manila (on Luzon), in the Philippines. Strategically located around the capital city of the Philippines, Manila Bay facilitated commerce and trade between the Philippines and its neighboring countries, becoming the gateway for socio-economic development even prior to Spanish occupation. With an area of , and a coastline of , Manila Bay is situated in the western part of Luzon and is bounded by Cavite and Metro Manila on the east, Bulacan and Pampanga on the north,
1290132
Lobo, Batangas


', officially the ', (), is a  in the province of , . According to the , it has a population of people. The name "Lobo" may have come from: The town was proclaimed as the "Atis Capital of the Philippines" through "Resolution 2011-61" in September 2011. Lobo is located at . The town is located near the southern tip of Batangas province, about from Manila. Lobo has white sand beaches whose ocean floor slopes gradually for nearly before a drop-off
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Manila


unit of government. On the 405th anniversary of the city's foundation on June 24, 1976, Manila was reinstated by President Marcos as the capital of the Philippines for its historical significance as the seat of government since the Spanish Period. Presidential Decree No. 940 states that Manila has always been to the Filipino people and in the eyes of the world, the premier city of the Philippines being the center of trade, commerce, education and culture. Concurrent with the reinstatement of Manila as the capital, Ferdinand Marcos designated his
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Latin American Asian


Mexicans and some Colombians and Peruvians were supplementing Filipino soldiers in the wars fought in conflict-ridden Philippines (I.E during the Castille War and The Battle of Manila etc.). Others were traders engaged in the Philippine-built Manila-Acapulco Galleon Route and were assisting in the Spanish Empire's monopoly in trade as well as serving as officials for the Viceregal capital of Mexico wherein the Captaincy General of the Philippines was a part of. The Latin-American soldiers who were sent to the Philippines from the Spanish colonies in America
4091020
List of countries with multiple capitals


moved from Moscow to Saint Petersburg, giving the latter city some of the expected functions of a capital. While Manila is the official capital of the Philippines, the administrative and political centers of the Philippine government is spread across Metro Manila. The Malacañang Palace, the executive seat of the government and the Supreme Court building the judicial center are located in Manila proper while legislative branch hosted in two other cities in the metropolis the House of Representatives in Quezon City and the Senate in Pasay. In South Africa, Bloemfontein is considered the
12179325
Administrative divisions of Metro Manila


Metro Manila, the capital region of the Philippines, is a large metropolitan area that has several levels of subdivisions. Administratively, the region is divided into seventeen primary local government units with their own separate elected mayors and councils who are coordinated by the Metropolitan Manila Development Authority, a national government agency headed by a chairperson directly appointed by the Philippine president. The cities and municipality that form the region's local government units are further divided into several barangays or villages (formerly called "barrios") which are headed by an elected
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Metro Manila


Tondo, but smaller settlements such as those at Tambobong, Taguig, Pateros, and the fortified polity of Cainta. It became the capital of the colonial Philippines, with Manila (Intramuros) serving as the center of colonial power. In 1898, it included the City of Manila and 23 other municipalities. Mariquina also served as the capital from 1898–1899, just as when the sovereignty of the Philippines was transferred to the United States. The province was dissolved and most of it was incorporated to the newly created province of Rizal in
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Captaincy General of the Philippines


by Pedro Fernández de Quirós, although Spain did not make any serious attempt to establish permanent settlements in them until the 18th century. In 1574 the Captaincy General of the Philippines was created as a dependency of the Viceroyalty of New Spain. In 1584, the Real Audiencia of Manila is established by King Felipe II, who appointed as its President the same governor of the Captaincy General of the Philippines. The Captaincy had its capital in Cebu from 1565 to 1595, and in Manila from 1595 until 1898. As part of the
697861
Hudson County, New Jersey


on the East Coast in the Garden State. Manila Avenue in Downtown Jersey City was named for the Philippine capital city because of the many Filipinos who built their homes on this street during the 1970s. A memorial, dedicated to the Filipino American veterans of the Vietnam War, was built in a small square on Manila Avenue. A park and statue dedicated to Jose P. Rizal, a national hero of the Philippines, exists in downtown Jersey City. Jersey City is the host of the annual Philippine-American Friendship Day Parade,
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History of Manila


. Having just won their independence from Spain, the Filipinos were fiercely opposed to once again being occupied. Emilio Aguinaldo proclaimed the First Philippine Republic at the Malolos Congress and had begun to build the foundations for an independent nation. Admiral Dewey, however, claimed he never recognized the Philippine Republic, as he did not have the authority to do so and did not consider it an organized government. War broke out between the Filipinos and the Americans on February 4, 1899, the 1899 Battle of Manila, which began the Philippine
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2013 Philippine House of Representatives elections in Metro Manila


Elections were held in Metro Manila (the National Capital Region) for seats in the House of Representatives of the Philippines on May 13, 2013. In any given district, the candidate who receives a plurality of votes will receive that district's seat for the 16th Congress of the Philippines. Incumbent Oscar Malapitan is term-limited and running for mayorship, his son Dale Gonzalo Malapitan is the party's nominee. He will face three-term mayor Enrico Echiverri. Mitzi Cajayon is the incumbent. She will face vice mayor Edgar
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Manila


Manila (; , or ), officially the City of Manila ( ), is the capital of the Philippines. It is one of the oldest cities in the world, as well as the most densely populated city proper in the world as of 2018. It was the first chartered city by virtue of the Philippine Commission Act 183 on July 31, 1901 and gained autonomy with the passage of Republic Act No. 409 or the "Revised Charter of the City of Manila" on June 18, 1949. Manila, alongside Mexico
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Treaty of Manila (1946)


The Treaty of Manila of 1946, formally the Treaty of General Relations and Protocol, is a treaty of general relations signed on July 4, 1946 in Manila, the capital city of the Philippines. It relinquished U.S. sovereignty over the Philippines and recognized the independence of the Republic of the Philippines. The treaty was signed by High Commissioner Paul V. McNutt as a representative of the United States and President Manuel Roxas representing the Philippines. It was signed by President Truman on August 14, 1946 after the U.S. Senate gave its advice and
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Capital of the Philippines


This is a list of current and former national capital cities in the Philippines, which includes during the time of the Spanish colonization, the First Philippine Republic, the Commonwealth of the Philippines, the Second Republic of the Philippines (Japanese-sponsored Republic), the Third Republic of the Philippines, the Fourth Republic of the Philippines and the current Fifth Republic of the Philippines. The current capital city, Manila, was established by presidential order on June 24, 1976. On April 7, 1521 Ferdinand Magellan landed in Cebu.
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History of Manila


and Southern Luzon was aided of all 3,000 guerrilla fighters and 35,000 American liberation forces was prepare the attack around the capital city by the Imperial Japanese Marines and Army troops. As a result of these events in World War II, Manila was the second most destroyed city in the world after Warsaw, Poland during World War II. Once Manila was officially liberated, the rebuilt of the general headquarters of the Philippine Commonwealth Army with the Philippine Constabulary was relocated of the capital city on March 4, 1945 to June 30, 1946 after
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Manila


2017. Out of the three cities reviewed by the Supreme Court, namely: the City of Manila, Navotas and Quezon City; only the curfew ordinance of Quezon City was approved. Under the proposed form of federalism in the Philippines, Manila may no longer be the capital or Metro Manila may no longer be the seat of government. The committee has not yet decided on the federal capital and states that they are open to other proposals. The City of Manila is situated on the eastern shore of Manila Bay, on the
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Typhoon Nesat (2011)


Manila and Polytechnic University of the Philippines, Main Campus, suspended classes. Early on September 27, Typhoon Nesat struck the Philippines with a maximum 1-min sustained wind speed of and killed four people after pinning them under a collapsed wall in Valenzuela. The typhoon pounded the Luzon region of the Philippines triggering flash floods, cutting power and halting daily activity in the capital Manila. The Philippine Stock Exchange and US embassy were forced to close due to the strong winds and heavy rains. The residents of Manila had no other choice but to
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Manila


alliance between datus, rajahs, Japanese merchants and the Sultanate of Brunei would band together to execute the Spaniards, along with their Latin American recruits and Visayan allies. The victorious Spaniards made Manila, the capital of the Spanish East Indies and of the Philippines, which their empire would control for the next three centuries. In 1574, Manila was temporarily besieged by the Chinese pirate Lim Hong, who was ultimately thwarted by the local inhabitants. Upon Spanish settlement, Manila was immediately made, by papal decree, a suffragan of the
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Manila


worldwide. Manila and the Philippines in general, is also among the top sources of missionaries worldwide. This is explained by the fact that the Philippines is the most fervently Christian country in the world and is ranked as the 5th most religious country, globally. In 1948, President Elpidio Quirino moved the seat of government of the Philippines to Quezon City, a new capital in the suburbs and fields northeast of Manila, created in 1939 during the administration of President Manuel L. Quezon. The move ended any implementation of the Burnham Plan
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Battle of Manila (1945)


The Battle of Manila (Filipino: "Labanan sa Maynila") () was a major battle of the Philippine campaign of 1944-45, during the Second World War. It was fought by American forces from both the U.S. mainland and the Philippines against Japanese troops in Manila, the capital city of the Philippines. The month-long battle, which resulted in the death of over 100,000 civilians and the complete devastation of the city, was the scene of the worst urban fighting in the Pacific theater. Japanese forces committed
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First Philippine Republic


and the Spanish–American War between Spain and the United States (1898). Following the American victory at the Battle of Manila Bay, Aguinaldo returned to the Philippines, issued the Philippine Declaration of Independence on June 12, 1898, and established a revolutionary Philippine government. In December 1898, Spain sold the Philippines to the United States in the 1898 Treaty of Paris, making the United States formally the Philippines colonial power. The Malolos Constitution establishing the First Philippine Republic was proclaimed the following month. The Philippine–American War
2259178
Outline of Metro Manila


The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Metro Manila: Metro Manila is the capital region of the Philippines, and is one of its seventeen administrative regions. It is located on the eastern shore of Manila Bay, in the southern portion of the island of Luzon. It lies between the Central Luzon and Calabarzon regions, with the province of Bulacan to the north, Rizal to the east, and Laguna and Cavite to the south. Metro Manila comprises 16 cities and municipalities, including the capital city
9073957
Manila tornado


The Manila tornado occurred on 4:30 pm Philippine Time on August 14, 2016. This was only the second time in recorded history that a tornado struck Manila, the capital of the Philippines. The tornado affected in the cities of Manila and Quezon City. The most destructive impact of the tornado was in the southern part of Metro Manila. The water and electricity supply of the barangays in Quezon City, were shut down due to the attack of tornado. More electric lines were damaged during the blast. More than 200 houses were
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Metro Manila


All the main offices of the executive departments of the country are in Metro Manila. The Department of Agrarian Reform, Department of Agriculture, Department of Environment and Natural Resources, National Housing Authority and Philippine Coconut Authority has their main offices based around Quezon Memorial Circle in Quezon City. Manila, the capital city of the country, is the home to Malacañan Palace, the official residence and office of the President of the Philippines. The city is also the home to the Supreme Court of the Philippines. Other key national institutions based
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History of the Philippines


June 23. By the time U.S. land forces arrived, the Filipinos had taken control of the entire island of Luzon except for Spanish capitol in the walled city of Intramuros. In the Battle of Manila, on August 13, 1898, the United States captured the city from the Spanish. This battle marked an end of Filipino-American collaboration, as Filipino forces were prevented from entering the captured city of Manila, an action deeply resented by the Filipinos. On January 23, 1899, the First Philippine Republic was proclaimed under
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Capital of the Philippines


He was welcomed by Rajah Humabon, who, together with his wife and about 800 natives, were baptized by the Spaniards on April 14, 1521 and are considered to be the first Filipino Catholics. Magellan, however, failed to successfully claim the Philippines for the crown of Spain, having been slain in neighboring Mactan Island by Datu Lapulapu. A Spanish expedition ordered by the conquistador Miguel Lopez de Legazpi demanded the conquest of Manila. His second on command, Martín de Goiti departed from Cebu and arrived in Manila. The Muslim
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History of Manila


military stations in Ermita, Manila. On December 24, 1941, they are closed down following the arrival and occupation of the capital city by the Japanese Imperial forces, who took control of the main general headquarters of the Commonwealth Army on January 3, 1942. Following the Japanese Occupation, the general headquarters and military camps and bases of the Philippine Commonwealth Army are used around the provinces of the Philippine Archipelago from Luzon, Visayas and aMindanao from January 3, 1942 to June 30, 1946 has openly the service and began the
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Philippines


The Philippines ( ; or ' ), officially the Republic of the Philippines (), is an archipelagic country in Southeast Asia. Situated in the western Pacific Ocean, it consists of about 7,641 islands that are categorized broadly under three main geographical divisions from north to south: Luzon, Visayas and Mindanao. The capital city of the Philippines is Manila and the most populous city is Quezon City, both part of Metro Manila. Bounded by the South China Sea on the west, the Philippine Sea on the east and the Celebes
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Battle of Manila (1762)


The Battle of Manila (Filipino: "Labanan sa Maynila", ) was fought during the Seven Years' War, from 24 September 1762 to 6 October 1762, between the Kingdom of Great Britain and the Kingdom of Spain in and around Manila, the capital of the Philippines, a Spanish colony at that time. The British won, leading to a twenty-month occupation of Manila. The British Ministry approved Col. Draper's plans for invading the Philippine Isles and , under Capt. Cathcart Grant, was sent to
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City of Man


The City of Man was a re-branding campaign aimed to improve the image of Manila, the capital of the Philippines. The name was in reference to a shortened version of the name of Manila, and the campaign was launched by the Governor of Metro Manila and then first lady of the Philippines Imelda Marcos to reshape the city with an eye to world tourism, commerce and economic power and development. Under her campaign, several urban projects were undertaken to make Manila the world's center of international tourism and finance. Elements
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Autonomous regions of the Philippines


the efforts have succeeded. It was proposed that the National Capital Region or Metro Manila be converted to an autonomous region. Metro Manila is governed by the mayors of its 16 cities and solitary municipality with the Metropolitan Manila Development Authority serving as an advisory body to the local government units of the metropolis. Quezon City Mayor Herbert Bautista has advocated for a Metro Manila autonomous region as an alternative to President Rodrigo's campaign to shift the system of national government to federalism which would render Metro Manila as an independent federal state within the Philippines
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Imperial Manila


Imperial Manila is a pejorative epithet used by sectors of Philippine society and non-Manileños to express the idea that all the affairs of the Philippines, whether in politics, economy and business or culture, are decided by what goes on in the capital region, Metro Manila without considering the needs of the rest of the country, largely because of centralized government and urbanite snobbery. This sentiment is sometimes expressed by the proverb "Not a leaf can fall in our country without Malacañang's permission." Another expression of Manila's powerful
10382014
History of the Philippines (1898–1946)


4, 1946, with the signing of the Treaty of Manila between the governments of the United States and the Philippines. The treaty provided for the recognition of the independence of the Republic of the Philippines and the relinquishment of American sovereignty over the Philippine Islands. From 1946 to 1961, Independence Day was observed on July 4. On 12 May 1962, President Macapagal issued Presidential Proclamation No. 28, proclaiming Tuesday, June 12, 1962 as a special public holiday throughout the Philippines. In 1964, Republic Act No. 4166
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Metro Manila


located in Navotas, Parañaque, Tangos, Vitas, Manila North Harbor, Manila South Harbor and the Cultural Center of the Philippines. In 2012, the AFP Joint Task Force-National Capital Region was launched to ensure peace and stability in Metro Manila, bearing the same function of the deactivated National Capital Regional Command, although it operates on a much smaller size than its predecessor. According to the Land Transportation Franchising and Regulatory Board, public ridership in Metro Manila composes of the following: 46% of the people go around by
21309308
Lee Jeong-min


He played for the entire duration of his stay in the military in what was considered the Third Division of the Korean Football League. The Philippines saw the introduction of the first ever professional football league in the country through the Philippines Football League. In its maiden season in 2017, the PFL saw eight clubs competing for the first ever championship. One of these clubs was FC Meralco Manila, formerly Loyola Meralco Sparks FC, which represented the Philippines’ capital city of Manila. Lee was recruited to FC Meralco Manila as one of
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Metro Manila


Diliman, Quezon City, the national science school of the Philippines and the Manila Science High School in Ermita, the forerunner of all the science schools in the country. Primary and secondary education is in the region is governed by the Department of Education-National Capital Region (DepEd-NCR). Meanwhile, the higher educational institutions are under the CHED-National Capital Region. The region has the highest literacy rate among all the regions of the Philippines, with 99.2% in 2008. Literacy rate for males is at 99.0
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Harbor Defenses of Manila and Subic Bays


Spanish–American War in 1898. The Taft Board of 1905 recommended extensive, then-modern fortifications at the entrance to Manila Bay. The islands there had been declared military reservations on 11 April 1902. Accordingly, El Fraile, Carabao, Corregidor, Grande, and Caballo Islands in the Philippines were to be fortified and incorporated into the harbor defenses of Manila and Subic Bays, protecting the bases of the US Asiatic Fleet and the Philippines' capital and chief port of Manila. From circa 1905 to 1915 the following forts were
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IBPS Manila


accommodate all of them. Having realized the great potential in the capital of the Philippines, Venerable Yung Guang invited Venerable Tzu Chuang, director of the Overseas Supervisory Council and senior bhikkuni of the Fo Guang Shan order, to come to Manila to inspect a historical building, which was the former USSR Embassy, and renamed it the "Manila Lecture Hall". This constituted a new page in the history of Buddhist preaching in the Philippines. Following the guiding principles set out by Fo Guang Shan, the Manila Lecture Hall propagated Dharma
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Capital of the Philippines


Ferdinand Marcos' period of "Bagong Lipunan" (New Society), Quezon City's stature of being the nation's capital was transferred to Manila and Greater Manila Area (later, Metro Manila) designated as the seat of government on June 24, 1976 by Presidential Decree No. 940. President Marcos also considered an alternative site for the national capital. A joint study was conducted by the architecture and planning offices of Cesar Concio and Felipe Mendoza, comparing the original Novaliches site and a newly reclaimed stretch of land south of
14211914
History of the Philippines


which the Germans backed down. The German Emperor expected an American defeat, with Spain left in a sufficiently weak position for the revolutionaries to capture Manila—leaving the Philippines ripe for German picking. The U.S. invited Aguinaldo to return to the Philippines in the hope he would rally Filipinos against the Spanish colonial government. Aguinaldo arrived on May 19, 1898, via transport provided by Dewey. On June 12, 1898, Aguinaldo declared the independence of the Philippines in Kawit, Cavite. Aguinaldo proclaimed a Revolutionary Government of the Philippines on
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Filipino nationalism


established Manila as the capital of the Spanish East Indies. This Spanish colonization united the Philippine archipelago into a single political entity. The term "Filipino" originally referred to the Spanish criollos of the Philippines. During their 333-year rule of the Philippines, the Spanish rulers referred the natives as "indios". Also during the colonial era, the Spaniards born in the Philippines, who were more known as "insulares", "criollos," or "Creoles", were also called "Filipinos." Spanish-born Spaniards
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Sovereignty of the Philippines


. ("See: Philippine National Assembly"). A few hours after the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941, the Japanese launched air raids in several cities and US military installations in the Philippines on December 8, and on December 10, and Manila was occupied by the Japanese on January 2, 1942. The Commonwealth government by then had become a Government in exile seated in Washington, D.C., upon the invitation of U.S. President Roosevelt. Philippine President Manuel L. Quezon had declared Manila, the capital
4685334
1947 Pacific typhoon season


was actually a moderate tropical storm. Typhoon Jean struck the southern portion of the National Capital Region "NCR" "Metro Manila" with the northern eyewall or central circulation encompassing some of the southern portions of the Capital Manila. The typhoon struck Metro Manila during Christmas after forming in the Philippine sea moving West-northwest and accelerating as it makes landfall in the border area of Albay and Camarines sur. The storm continued its fast movement and track towards southern Manila. After passing Manila the storm emerges from the coast of Zambales towards
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Filipinos


and 1764. However, the only part of the Philippines which the British held was the Spanish colonial capital of Manila and the principal naval port of Cavite, both of which are located on Manila Bay. The war was ended by the Treaty of Paris (1763). At the end of the war the treaty signatories were not aware that Manila had been taken by the British and was being administered as a British colony. Consequently, no specific provision was made for the Philippines. Instead they fell under the general provision that
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Intramuros


Sulaiman III, Lakan Dula, and Rajah Matanda who handed over Manila to the Spaniards. Legazpi declared the area of Manila as the new capital of the Spanish colony on June 24, 1571, because of its strategic location and rich resources. He also proclaimed the sovereignty of the Monarchy of Spain over the whole archipelago. King Philip II of Spain delighted at the new conquest achieved by Legazpi and his men, awarding the city a coat of arms and declaring it as: "Ciudad Insigne y Siempre Leal" (English:
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Diego de los Ríos


Diego de los Ríos y Nicolau (9 April 1850 – 4 November 1911) was the last Spanish Governor-General of the Philippines. In September 1898, he became the Governor-General of the Philippines during the Spanish–American War after the United States of America took control of Manila after the 1898 Battle of Manila. The capital of the Spanish Philippines was at that time in Iloilo. While fighting with the Americans was over, the Spanish authorities continued to fight the forces of the Philippine Revolution for control of the country
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History of Manila


Manila's history begins around 65,000 BC the time the Callao Man first settled in the Philippines, predating the arrival of the Negritos and the Malayo-Polynesians. The nearby Angono Petroglyphs, are then dated to be around 3,000 BC and the earliest recorded history of Manila, the capital of the Philippines, dates back to the year 900 AD as recorded in the Laguna Copperplate Inscription. By the thirteenth century, the city consisted of a fortified settlement and trading quarter near the mouth of the Pasig River, the river that bisects the
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National Capital Regional Command (Philippines)


The National Capital Regional Command, known officially as the NCRCom or NCRC, is one the Armed Forces of the Philippines' former Wide Support Commands Combating Terrorism-Insurgency and act as support units to the Philippine National Police-National Capital Region in maintaining peace and order within Metro Manila. They also support SoLCom in anti-dissidence operations in Cavite and Laguna. The forerunner of the National Capital Regional Command was the National Capital Region Defense Command. Established on January 2, 1987, the unit was primarily created to provide security and
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Capiz


Pan-ay. This was the second Spanish settlement in the Philippines, following San Miguel, Cebu. Unknown to many, Calle Revolución in Panay town is the second oldest street in the Philippines after Calle Colon in Cebu City, Central Visayas. Later in 1569, Captain Diego de Artieda, who was sent by Legazpi, landed in the Town of Panay and proclaimed it as the capital of the province. Later, the Spaniards moved the capital to its present site upon discovering the town of Capiz (not the province,
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Politics of the Philippines


. Aguinaldo then proclaimed the independence of the Philippines on June 12, 1898 at his home in Cavite. A Congress was convened in January 1899 in Barasoain Church and inaugurated the first Philippine Republic. The Philippine–American War erupted in February in a skirmish in Manila; the Filipinos lost the battle, and Aguinaldo again began a northward retreat. Aguinaldo was captured on April 1, 1901 at Palanan, Isabela, while the Americans had already started setting up civil governments in areas that had already been pacified. The Americans gave Filipinos
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Traffic in Metro Manila


be no improvements done on the transport infrastructure of these areas and the Philippines overall. In Busina: Current State, Alternatives and Emerging Filipino Values on Metro Manila Traffic, Metro Manila is classified as a global power city. This is because of majority of the industries present in the Philippines have located their offices in the National Capital Region (NCR). The city is also where all the foreign consulates and embassies are situated. This makes NCR the home of finance and commerce, hence the allure of in-migration from Filipinos
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Valenzuela, Metro Manila


Valenzuela, , , officially the City of Valenzuela, (), or simply known as Valenzuela City, is a 1st class highly urbanized city in Metro Manila, Philippines. According to the 2015 census, it has a population of 620,422 people, making it as the 13th most populous city in the Philippines. It is the 119th largest city in the country located at about north of the capital city of Manila. Valenzuela is categorized under Republic Act Nos. 7160 and 8526 as a highly urbanized, first-class city based
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Ezequiél Moreno y Díaz


Americas and the Philippines. As expected, the saint sailed for Manila, the capital of the Captaincy General of the Philippines, arriving there on February 10, 1870. In the middle that year, St. Ezequiel sailed on to the Visayan town of Jaro, Iloilo where he received and finished his minor orders. A year later, he returned to Manila to receive his sacerdotal orders from the Archbishop of Manila, Gregorio Melitón Martínez. Today, the letter of the Archbishop informing him of his sacerdotal ordination is one of the best
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Juan Alonso Zayas


the outbreak of the Cuban Revolt of 1895. By 1897, Zayas was already a Second Lieutenant, when he received orders to head for the Philippines as commander of the 2nd Expeditionary Battalion stationed in Baler. He arrived in Manila, the capital of the Philippines in May 1897. In Manila, he took a vessel and headed for Baler which is located on the island of Luzon. The distance between Manila and Baler is 62 miles (100 km) and if traveled through the jungles and badly built roads, the actual distance
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Metro Manila


. Later on, Quezon City was eventually declared as the national capital in 1948. The title was re-designated back to Manila in 1976 through Presidential Decree No. 940 owing to its historical significance as the almost uninterrupted seat of government of the Philippines since the Spanish colonial period. Presidential Decree No. 940 states that Manila has always been to the Filipino people and in the eyes of the world, the premier city of the Philippines being the center of trade, commerce, education and culture. During the war, President
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Manila (song)


his overseas life, he couldn't get much satisfaction and enjoyment from it through the part ""somehow I feel that I don't belong"", eventually realizing that the Philippines can only give him the best satisfaction and enjoyment, which starts in ""Hinahanap-hanap kita Manila"". His desire to come back and stay in the Philippines and its capital for good begins in the lyrics ""Take me back in your arms Manila"", ""Promise me you'll never let go""
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Manila shawl


silk to pass through Manila. Later consolidating the monopoly of Manila with the creation of the Royal Company of the Philippines in 1795. Capitalizing on this new demand, Chinese factories in Canton (modern Guangzhou) and Macau started producing large quantities of painted or embroidered silk in the 18th century, for the sole purpose of exporting them to the Philippines and from there to further Spanish colonies and to Europe. Silk in domestic Chinese markets were usually reserved for clothing, and the designs had symbolic significance based on social status. But these
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Second Philippine Republic


The Second Philippine Republic, officially known as the Republic of the Philippines (; ; Spanish: "República de Filipinas"), or known in the Philippines as Japanese-sponsored Philippine Republic, was a puppet state established on October 14, 1943, during the Japanese occupation. President Manuel L. Quezon declared the national capital Manila an "open city", and left it under the rule of Jorge B. Vargas, as mayor. The Japanese entered the city on January 2, 1942, and established it as the capital. Japan
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Gambling in the Philippines


itself as one of the gambling capitals of Southeast Asia. It boasts more casinos than Macau, the Asian gambling giant who receives the majority of its income from gambling operations. In Metro Manila alone, there are around 20 casinos. Prominent casinos include Solaire Resort and Casino and City of Dreams Manila. Calabarzon, located south of Manila, has 5 casinos while the Visayas and Mindanao have around 10 gambling areas. There are also plans to expand into areas like Cebu and Cagayan de Oro. This abundance of casinos and gaming areas
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Sangley


1574, a few years after the Spaniards established Manila as the colonial capital of the Philippines, the Chinese pirate Limahong (traditional Chinese: 林風) attacked Manila and burned it to the ground. He retreated later to other places around the Luzon coast, where his forces continued killing and looting. Some of them deserted Limahong, settled down and interbred with local women. In 1603 an ethnic Chinese revolt took place right after a visit to Manila by three official Mandarin Chinese representatives who arrived in a large fleet of ships. They
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Philippines


The longest river is the Cagayan River in northern Luzon. Manila Bay, upon the shore of which the capital city of Manila lies, is connected to Laguna de Bay, the largest lake in the Philippines, by the Pasig River. Subic Bay, the Davao Gulf, and the Moro Gulf are other important bays. The San Juanico Strait separates the islands of Samar and Leyte but it is traversed by the San Juanico Bridge. Situated on the western fringes of the Pacific Ring of Fire, the Philippines experiences frequent seismic and
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University of Santo Tomas College of Architecture


The University of Santo Tomas College of Architecture is the architectural school of the University of Santo Tomas, the oldest and the largest Catholic university in Manila, Philippines. Established in 1930, the college is one of the first architectural schools in the Philippines. It is also one of the only 2 to be proclaimed as a Center of Excellence in "Architecture" by the Commission on Higher Education and a consistent Top Performing Architecture School in the Philippine Architecture Licensure Examination. Established in 1930, it is one of the "first architectural
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University of Santo Tomas College of Nursing


The University of Santo Tomas College of Nursing, popularly known as "UST Nursing", is the nursing school of the University of Santo Tomas, the oldest and the largest Catholic university in Manila, Philippines. Established in 1946, the college is the first College of Nursing in the Philippines. It is proclaimed to be a Center of Excellence by the Commission on Higher Education and a consistent Top Performing Nursing School in the Philippine Nursing Licensure Examinations. The first Nursing Educational Program in the country was offered by this University as Escuela
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List of tallest buildings in Metro Manila


Center) is the tallest building in the Philippines since its completion in 2017 with the pinnacle height of . This list ranks the highest completed skyscrapers and buildings in Metro Manila — the National Capital Region of the Philippines. These stand at least  tall, based on standard height measurement. The list has a minimum height limit because there is a large number of highrises below that in Metro Manila and the term skyscraper usually refers to buildings as tall and taller. An equal sign (=) following a rank indicates the same height between two
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History of Manila


committed itself to granting the Philippines Independence after a ten-year transition, a period that was extended by one year due to World War II. The establishment of the General Headquarters of the Philippine Commonwealth Army was stationed in the capital city in Ermita, Manila under the Commonwealth government was active on December 21, 1935 to January 3, 1942 was followed by the Japanese Occupation and March 4, 1945 to June 30, 1946 after the liberating Battle of Manila. Filipino and American combat units were ordered to withdraw from the city
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Tourism in the Philippines


and Metro Manila. The island of Luzon is considered the political and economic center of the Philippines. The economy of Luzon is centered in Metro Manila, the national capital region. Manila was ranked 11th most attractive city for American shoppers out of 25 Asia Pacific cities by a Global Blue survey in 2012. Shopping malls can be found around the metropolis, especially in the business and financial districts of Makati, Ortigas and Bonifacio Global City. Despite the rise of modern shopping malls, traditional Filipino shopping centers such as flea markets and
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Pasig River


The Pasig River ( and ) is a river in the Philippines that connects Laguna de Bay to Manila Bay. Stretching for , it bisects the Philippine capital of Manila and its surrounding urban area into northern and southern halves. Its major tributaries are the Marikina River and San Juan River. The total drainage basin of Pasig River, including the basin of Laguna de Bay, covers . The Pasig River is technically a tidal estuary, as the flow direction depends upon the water level difference between Manila Bay and Laguna de Bay. During
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South Luzon Expressway


Tomas Expressway (ACTEx), is jointly operated by the South Luzon Tollway Corporation, a joint venture of the Philippine National Construction Corporation and the San Miguel Corporation-backed Citra group of Indonesia (the group where MTD Capital Berhad, the original partner, sold their shares) via the Manila Toll Expressway Systems, Inc. (MATES). The expressway is a component of Expressway Route 2 (E2) of the Philippine expressway network and Radial Road 3 (R-3) of Manila's arterial road network. It starts in Manila's
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Makati Shangri-La, Manila


Makati Shangri-La, Manila is a 5-star luxury hotel located in Makati and one of the three hotels managed by Shangri-La Hotels and Resorts in Metro Manila, Philippines. It opened on April 27, 1993. The hotel has 696 rooms and suites. When it opened, the Shangri-La Makati was “one of the first international five-star properties at a time where few large chains were present in the Philippines capital”. It was developed by the Ayala family with an aim to keep the area as
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Juan Cailles


American forces arrived in the Philippines, defeating the Spanish at the Battle of Manila Bay on May 1, 1898, subsequently seizing the capital during the Battle of Manila of 1898. The Philippine–American War broke out in February 1899 with the 1899 Battle of Manila. Cailles succeeded General Paciano Rizal as Laguna's military commander in July 1900 at the height of incisive attacks by the American forces. Cailles formed six military columns led by Lt. Col. Regino Diaz Relova (Pila, Laguna, Bay, Calauan and Los Banos
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Capital districts and territories


. Lima, the nation's capital is contained entirely within Lima Province, the only province in the country not belonging to any of the twenty-five regions. It is surrounded by the Lima Region on all sides but west. The National Capital Region of the Philippines is Metro Manila, the country's seat of government containing Manila, the country's capital. Created in 1975 out of four cities and twelve municipalities of the province of Rizal and one municipality of the province of Bulacan, the region is administered by seventeen separately
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Marikina


by the Jesuits on the fertile Marikina Valley in 1630, Marikina was the provincial capital of the Province of Manila under the First Philippine Republic from 1898 to 1899 during the Philippine Revolution. Following the onset of American occupation it was then organized as a municipality of Rizal Province, prior to the formation of Metro Manila in 1975. A formerly rural settlement, Marikina is now primarily residential and industrial and has become increasingly commercial in recent years. The City of Marikina is considered one of the wealthiest local government units in the Philippines.
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Pinoy reggae


, and the cities of Manila, Cebu and Davao are some of the places that reggae has found a base, with many artists residing in these cities and performing at local bars and clubs. The Visayas section of the Philippines has had the largest concentration of reggae groups, with Cebu City of Central Visayas even being dubbed "The Reggae Capital of the Philippines". In early 2007, Ziggy Marley performed at the MTV Philippines festival, "Reggae Fest by the Bay" in Manila. Marley played with local Filipino reggae talents
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Manila galleon


isthmus than across Mexico. They tried to establish a regular land crossing there, but the thick jungle and malaria made it impractical. It took at least four months to sail across the Pacific Ocean from Manila to Acapulco, and the galleons were the main link between the Philippines and the viceregal capital at Mexico City and thence to Spain itself. Many of the so-called "Kastilas" or Spaniards in the Philippines were actually of Mexican descent, and the Hispanic culture of the Philippines is somewhat close to Mexican culture. Soldiers
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Filipino nationalism


most of the American aircraft in the islands, was followed by landings of ground troops on Luzon. The defending Philippine and United States troops were under the command of General Douglas MacArthur. Under the pressure of superior numbers, the defending forces withdrew to the Bataan Peninsula and to the island of Corregidor at the entrance to Manila Bay. On , General MacArthur declared the capital city, Manila, an open city to prevent its destruction. The Philippine defense continued until the final surrender of United States-Philippine forces on the Bataan Peninsula
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National Capital Region Police Office


The National Capital Region Police Office (NCRPO) is a division of the Philippine National Police (PNP) which has jurisdiction over Metro Manila, which is also known as the National Capital Region. The Philippine National Police - National Capital Region Police Office (PNP NCRPO) was established as the Philippine Constabulary Metropolitan Command (PC METROCOM) on July 5, 1967 through Executive Order No. 85 of then President Ferdinand Marcos. It was founded as the Special Strike Force of Police Forces in the area which would later be known as
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Governor of Metro Manila


The Governor of Metro Manila was a political position which serves as the executive head of the National Capital Region (NCR) of the Philippines, also known as Metro Manila. The position during its existence was also known as the Governor of the Metro Manila Commission. The Metro Manila Commission was the central government of Metro Manila from 1975 until 1990 when it was replaced by the Metro Manila Authority. The MMA itself would later be known as the Metropolitan Manila Development Authority (MMDA) Currently Metro Manila has no central executive head with
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Mega Manila


". "Mega Manila" is used in general reference to the relationship of Metro Manila to surrounding provinces. It references only provinces and not the exact settlement patterns of cities, towns, and barangays, which may be urban, suburban, mountains, or rural areas that are still part of provinces close enough to Manila to be lumped into the definition. Mega Manila, as a loose metropolitan area defined by the Philippine Information Agency (PIA), is divided into the national capital region (Metro Manila) and the suburbs
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Andrés Novales


Andrés Novales (Manila, 1780or1732–1823) was a Creole captain in the Spanish Army in the Philippines. His discontentment with the treatment of creole soldiers led him to start a revolt in 1823 that inspired even the ranks of José Rizal. He successfully captured Intramuros and was proclaimed "Emperor of the Philippines" by his followers. However, he was defeated within the day by Spanish reinforcements from Pampanga. Novales' father was a captain of the Spanish Army, while his mother was born to a prominent family in the Philippines. He
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Manila


density of 56,785 inhabitants per km), and Tokyo (10,087 inhabitants per km). Manila has been presumed to be the Philippines' largest city since the establishment of a permanent Spanish settlement with the city eventually becoming the political, commercial and ecclesiastical capital of the country. Its population increased dramatically since the 1903 census as the population tended to move from rural areas to towns and cities. In the 1960 census, Manila became the first Philippine city to breach the one million mark (more than 5 times of its 1903 population
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Typhoon Skip


of Luzon, including the capital of Manila. Small crafts were ordered to stay at port. Philippine Airlines canceled 75 domestic flights as the storm approached. The Philippine Coast Guard (PCG) suspended all passenger ship service to ports in the Visayas Islands on November 6, stranding thousands of passengers in Manila and other major ports throughout the nation. Select Military Airlift Command flights to Japan and the United States left early to avoid the core of the typhoon. The city of Manila ordered all schools to close for a day. Across
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Education in the Philippines


Having said this, the poor quality of the Philippine educational system is manifested in the comparison of completion rates between highly urbanized cities of Metro Manila, which is also happens to be not only the country's capital region but the largest metropolitan area in the Philippines and other places in the country such as Mindanao and Eastern Visayas. Although Manila is able to boast a primary school completion rate of approximately 100 percent, other areas of the nation, such as Eastern Visayas and Mindanao, hold primary school completion rate of only 30 percent
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2010 Philippine House of Representatives elections in Metro Manila


Elections were held in the National Capital Region (Metro Manila) for seats in the House of Representatives of the Philippines on May 10, 2010. The candidate with the most votes won that district's seat for the 15th Congress of the Philippines. Oscar Malapitan is the incumbent. Mitzi Cajayon is the incumbent. The result of the election is under protest in the House of Representatives Electoral Tribunal. Incumbent Cynthia Villar is in her third consecutive term and is ineligible for reelection; her son Mark is her party's nominee for the
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History of the Philippines


to Manila Bay. On January 2, 1942, General MacArthur declared the capital city, Manila, an open city to prevent its destruction. The Philippine defense continued until the final surrender of United States-Philippine forces on the Bataan Peninsula in April 1942 and on Corregidor in May of the same year. Most of the 80,000 prisoners of war captured by the Japanese at Bataan were forced to undertake the infamous Bataan Death March to a prison camp 105 kilometers to the north. About 10,000 Filipinos and 1,200 Americans died before reaching their
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