where did the statement separation of church and state come from
Binitarianism


again. Trinitarians teach that the Holy Spirit is another person like the Son, who comes from God without becoming a separate being from him (Matthew 28:19–20; John 16:5–7; Acts 1:8, 2:4). Most binitarians teach that the Holy Spirit is essentially the power of God, with no distinct identity within God, and not a separate Being or Person as they conceive the Son to be. For example, in its Official Statement of Fundamental Beliefs, the binitarian Living Church of God states, "The Holy Spirit is the
2090739
Racovian Catechism


The Racovian Catechism ("Pol.": Katechizm Rakowski) is a nontrinitarian statement of faith from the 16th century. The title "Racovian" comes from the publishers, the Polish Brethren, who had founded a sizeable town in Raków, Kielce County, where the Racovian Academy and printing press was founded by Jakub Sienieński in 1602. The Polish Brethren or "Ecclesia Minor" were an antitrinitarian minority of the Reformed Church in Poland who had separated from the Calvinist majority, or "Ecclesia Major" in 1565. Several authors
66697
Bible-Presbyterian churches (Singapore)


suggest that they did not attempt to witness to those churches from within, or remain indifferent. So, did they unite or separate – which is which? Dev Menon makes separation rather complex and confusing on page 147 of "Heritage & Legacy of the Bible-Presbyterian Church in Singapore" on where the line of separation should be drawn by asking various questions including the number of degrees to be practised in separation (but see above on "No Degrees in Separation") and expressing his view that most churches in Singapore practise
6105631
John Freshwater


Freshwater's claims saying, "We are religious people, but we were offended when Mr. Freshwater burned a cross onto the arm of our child." The statement continued, "We are Christians who practice our faith where it belongs, at church and in our home and, most importantly, outside the public classroom, where the law requires a separation of church and state." In September 2008 WCMH-TV reported Freshwater filed a counterclaim saying he suffered "emotional distress, lost time from work and anxiety in his lawsuit
7950982
Laïcité


introduced legislation to amend the Constitution to make the Mexican government formally "laico" – meaning "lay" or "secular". Critics of the move say the "context surrounding the amendment suggests that it might be a step backwards for religious liberty and true separation of church and state". Coming on the heels of the Church's vocal objection to legalization of abortion as well as same sex unions and adoptions in Mexico City, "together with some statements of its supporters, suggests that it might be an attempt to suppress
3960283
Seventh Day Baptists


Christianity, and the teachings SDBs hold may also vary from member to member. Some of the basic beliefs are baptism of believers by immersion; the practice of a non-liturgical form of worship, and belief in principles of religious freedom and separation of church and state. In the days before Emancipation, the SDB church officially denounced slavery in several resolutions. Each church and association of Seventh Day Baptist churches may have a statement of belief. A representative statement, from the conference of the USA and Canada, is as follows
10211980
First Baptist Church of Tarrytown


only through faith in the atoning death of Jesus Christ." This statement of the "sola fide" doctrine is followed by an explicit rejection of the notion that salvation can in any way come from good works. The church describes itself as both part of the Church Universal and a local organization, "composed of regenerated, baptized believers voluntarily united for the purpose of worship." It believes that Christ commended two ordinances to the local churches: the Last Supper and baptism by immersion. The creed affirms the separation of church
6620292
Universalist Church of America


. Like many American religions, Universalism has generally been amenable to church-state separation. In New England, Baptists, Universalists, and Quakers provided some of the loudest voices calling for disestablishment of the government sponsored churches of the standing order. One example comes from the 1770s. By Massachusetts state law, citizens were taxed to support the Congregational Church of the community where they lived. Sixty-one people in Gloucester left the church to form the Independent Church of Christ, which stood for Universalism. They then refused to pay
20705693
Religion in the Philippines


. Joaquin Bernas, a Filipino Jesuit specializing in constitutional law, acknowledges that there were complex issues that were brought to court and numerous attempts to use the separation of Church and State against the Roman Catholic Church, but he defends the statement, saying that "the fact that he [Marcos] tried to do it does not deny the validity of the separation of church and state". On April 28, 2004, the Philippines Supreme Court reversed the ruling of a lower court ordering five religious leaders to refrain from endorsing a
21927300
James E. Talmage


that point, Talmage got involved to try and mediate between the two points of view and suggested to the First Presidency that they come out with a statement of neutrality on the issue, which they did. They soon came out with a statement stating that neither side of the argument was accepted as church doctrine. Almost immediately after his return to Provo, Utah after his schooling in the East, Talmage was asked to run for the office of Territorial Superintendent of Schools by the People's Party. While he expressed appreciation for the
2194314
Mormon views on evolution


, as a church-approved encyclopedia entry states, "[t]he scriptures tell why man was created, but they do not tell how, though the Lord has promised that he will tell that when he comes again." There have been three authoritative public statements (1909, 1910, and 1925) and one private statement (1931) given from the LDS Church's highest authority, the First Presidency, that represents the Church's doctrinal position on the origin of mankind. The 1909 and 1925 statements of the First Presidency
1301598
Notes on the State of Virginia


the only full-length book by Jefferson published during his lifetime, though he did issue a "Manual of Parliamentary Practice for the Use of the Senate of the United States", generally known as "Jefferson's Manual", in 1801. "Notes" includes some of Jefferson's most memorable statements of belief in such political, legal, and constitutional principles as the separation of church and state, constitutional government, checks and balances, and individual liberty. He celebrated the resources of Virginia. Overall, Jefferson was arguing
11126256
Congregationalism in the United States


control their local churches, they separated from the state churches and formed new congregations. These Separate or Strict Congregationalists were often poor. They rejected the necessity of an educated ministry, ministerial associations (which had tried to control the revival), and the Half-Way Covenant. Prone to schisms and forced to pay taxes for the state churches, Separate Congregatonalists did not survive long. The more traditional ones returned to the established Congregational churches, while the most radical embraced adult baptism and became Baptists. Shubal Stearns, a Separate
11011523
Church Universal and Triumphant


their messengers are the continuation of prophetic dispensation from God. They gained media notoriety when Elizabeth Clare Prophet made predictions of an impending nuclear holocaust that was prophesied to occur on April 23, 1990. When these predictions failed to come true, she reiterated her statements of impending doom, stating to her congregation: "We need your sacrifice. The world is about to fail. I don't know where the bombs are coming from. But we must be ready." The group had stockpiled their shelter with military-grade weaponry
20727782
Afrikaner Calvinism


movement called the Reveil ("Awakening"), supported by those who did not separate from the State Church, like Guillaume Groen van Prinsterer, whose writings became known in South Africa. And much later the leader of another schism called the Doleantie, Abraham Kuyper, began to become known to the Afrikaners. Highly critical of the Enlightenment, the "revolution" as they called it, the Doleantie in the church had counterparts in education and in politics. The timing of this influence was significant, coming on the crest of
5689063
Trump administration family separation policy


Democracy Now!" the director of the National Immigration Law Center said that the policy, if implemented, would amount "to state-sanctioned violence against children, against families that are coming to the United States to seek safety" and that the administration did not act with transparency in explaining what was being proposed. The American Academy of Pediatrics issued a statement to address media reports of the plan, "...We urge policymakers to always be mindful that these are vulnerable, scared children," and they offered to assist Homeland
17843861
Separation of church and state in the United States


before the Bill of Rights. Most Anglican ministers, and many Anglicans, were Loyalists. The Anglican establishment, where it had existed, largely ceased to function during the American Revolution, though the new States did not formally abolish and replace it until some years after the Revolution. The phrase "[A] hedge or "wall of separation" between the garden of the church and the wilderness of the world" was first used by Baptist theologian Roger Williams, the founder of the colony of Rhode Island, in his 1644
18037975
Anti-Catholicism in literature and media


a sacrament" adding "How many Supreme Court judges are Catholic?" and "[H]ow about separation of church and state?" This sparked reaction from conservatives calling her statements "anti-Catholic bigotry" and suggested that such statements against other religions would be abhorred. Themes of modern anti-Catholic controversialists included accusations of paganism, idolatry and conspiracy theories which accuse the church of seeking world domination. Some Protestant polemics also brand the Catholic Church as the Antichrist and the Whore of Babylon. One example of modern anti-
3480133
South African law of sale


where a seller made a statement amounting to a "dictum et promissum", and where the "res vendita" did not measure up to that statement, the buyer was entitled to aedilitian relief. In such cases, there is no latent defect; the problem comes in that the concept of the thing created in the buyer's mind by the seller's "dictum et promissum" is different from the true character of the thing. These remedies are relevant where a representation is made, but it falls short of a contractual
8645624
Winnipeg Statement


will from the Pope's teaching". Some critics worry that the Canadian bishops have cut themselves off from Rome by rejecting an official teaching of the Catholic Church and, they feel, advancing the idea of a separate national church – suggesting that they may have formed "a new non-Catholic church the day they signed this Winnipeg Statement." In view of calls for the Canadian bishops to officially retract the Winnipeg Statement, they issued a year later a statement in which they declared: "Nothing could be gained and much
17001559
Munich Security Conference


GDP on defense spending target. The Europeans should not be pushed by the United States to increase defense investments, Gabriel demanded. The Foreign Minister said, he did not know where the funds would come from within a short time and did not want to "over-interpret" the common goal. Russian Foreign Minister, Sergey Lavrov described NATO as an "institution of the Cold War, both in its mind and in its heart". He blamed NATO's expansion for an increase in regional tensions. Lavrov's statements were
6506554
Laïcité


keeping religion separate from the executive, judicial, and legislative branches of government. This includes prohibitions on having a state religion, as well as for the government to endorse any religious position, be it a religion or atheism. Although the term was current throughout the 19th century, France did not fully separate church and state until the passage of its 1905 law on the separation of the Churches and the State, prohibiting the state from recognizing or funding any religion. The notion of laïcité as a legal principle is open to question
3960268
Spencer W. Kimball


, which was followed by a supporting editorial in the LDS "Church News". The two women's comments, combined with the "Church News" editorial, greatly increased opposition to the ERA among the Utah populace, and when the Utah State Legislature voted on its ratification in February 1975, it was defeated by a wide margin. Kimball and his counselors in the First Presidency did not release a formal statement on the ERA until October 1976, when the amendment was only four states away from passing. The statement indicated that
14534852
The Holocaust in Slovakia


threatened Tiso with an interdict if he went through with them. The Slovak Catholic bishops and the Lutheran Church issued statements which repeated antisemitic canards such as the accusation of deicide and the claim that Jewish prosperity was stolen from Slovaks, but argued that the methods used to suppress the Jews had to be "Christian". Catholics were decisive in the implementation of anti-Jewish policy, and the church did not strongly object to the deportations after being assured that converts would be settled separately from Jews. Some clergy protested the actions of
8054313
Freedom of religion in the Philippines


a new development in the body of law on religious affairs. Joaquin Bernas, a Filipino Jesuit specializing in constitutional law, acknowledges that there were complex issues that were brought to court and numerous attempts to use the separation of Church and State against the Roman Catholic Church, but he defends the statement, saying that "the fact that he [Marcos] tried to do it does not deny the validity of the separation of church and state". Sharia District Courts (SDCs) and Sharia Circuit Courts (SCCs) were created
16283889
Kobe Bryant sexual assault case


the public. Bryant did, however, issue the following statement through his attorney, as part of an agreement with the accuser to dismiss the sexual assault charge: Eight months after the initial incident, the Lodge & Spa at Cordillera remodeled and as part of that sold some furniture. There was speculation that some pieces included in this sale were from "Room 35" where Kobe Bryant had allegedly stayed at the time. The lodge denied this and stated they had disposed of the furniture from that room separately. Bryant signed a
18542222
2015 Iglesia ni Cristo leadership controversy


President Jejomar Binay criticized de Lima's "unwarranted statements" asserting that the case remained open and noted her statement contradicts the reported findings of NBI Anti-Organized Transnational Crime Division. "By your actuations, you are promoting the image of disunity, discord and even corruption in the INC to its clear prejudice and detriment," Binay said that De Lima must respect the separation of church and state and "unwarranted interference" from the government in the church must not happen. Binay also describe De Lima's dealings with the Iglesia
9548430
Separation of church and state in the United States


but the House did not pass them. Jefferson's opponents said his position was the destruction and the governmental rejection of Christianity, but this was a caricature. In setting up the University of Virginia, Jefferson encouraged all the separate sects to have preachers of their own, though there was a constitutional ban on the State supporting a Professorship of Divinity, arising from his own Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom. Some have argued that this arrangement was "fully compatible with Jefferson's views on the separation of church and state;" however
18037982
Advent Christian Church


would await the resurrection and final judgement. At the time of judgement, the wicked would suffer extinction. These teachings separated them from some within the Millerite movement. The Advent Christian statement of faith is as follows: The Advent Christian declaration of principles is as follows: In 2006, the Advent Christian Church had about 25,600 members in 293 churches across the United States─a number not radically different from the 28,300 it had in 1925, with relatively stable membership during the intervening years. The largest concentration of churches is along the
18250752
Bishop (Methodism)


A bishop is a senior role in many Methodist denominations that have an episcopal polity. John Wesley consecrated Thomas Coke a "General Superintendent" and directed that Francis Asbury also be consecrated for the United States in 1784, where the Methodist Episcopal Church first became a separate denomination apart from the Church of England. Coke soon returned to England, but Asbury was the primary builder of the new church. At first he did not call himself bishop, but eventually submitted to the usage by the denomination. Notable bishops in Methodist history include
10242002
Assembly of Canonical Orthodox Bishops of the United States of America


churches, there was no direct statement from the assembly regarding autonomy for the Church in North or Central America. Shortly after the May 2010 meeting the name of the assembly was changed to "Assembly of Canonical Orthodox Bishops of North and Central America" to avoid possible confusion with the Episcopal Church of the United States. In April 2014, the Canadian and US bishops decided to form separate assemblies in order to best respond to the cultural diversity and pastoral needs in the region. The assembly was renamed to "Assembly of Canonical Orthodox
18419797
Separation of church and state


normative position for most Anabaptists in the coming centuries. Anabaptists came to teach that religion should never be compelled by state power, approaching the issue of church-state relations primarily from the position of protecting the church from the state. In the 1530s, Henry VIII, angered by the Pope Clement VII's refusal to annul his marriage to Catherine of Aragon, decided to break with the Church and set himself as ruler of the Church of England. The monarchs of Great Britain have retained ecclesiastical authority in the Church of England since
6266756
Sutherland Springs church shooting


where he lived in a converted barn at his parents' home. Shortly thereafter, he was investigated for sexual assault and rape, and for a physical assault of his then-girlfriend. A 2013 statement from the woman who accused Kelley of sexual assault detailed an alleged attack on her. A separate statement from Kelley's first wife (who divorced him in October 2012) said that Kelley had physically abused her during the marriage; the woman wrote, "For a whole year, he slapped me, choked me, kicked
8604759
Armenian Apostolic Church


. He added "Archbishop Kchoyan's reckless disregard and attitude is even more unacceptable due to his position in the Armenian Church." In October 2013 Father Asoghik Karapetyan, the director of the Museum of the Mother See of Holy Etchmiadzin, stated on television that an atheist Armenian is not a "true Armenian". A spokesperson for the Armenian Apostolic Church stated that it is his personal view. The statement received considerable criticism, though Asoghik did not retract his statement. In an editorial in the liberal "Aravot" daily Aram
7071146
Bible-Presbyterian churches (Singapore)


Shalom BPC's constitution (identified as a certified true copy [filed at the ROS]) is identical to that of Life BPC printed in its 50th Anniversary magazine. Daniel Chua mentions on page 521 of "Heritage & Legacy of the Bible-Presbyterian Church in Singapore" that the constitutions of the Mountain churches – Carmel, Hermon, Horeb and Gerizim – "did not incorporate the statement on separation as these groups considered the wordings not well-conceived." Mount Carmel BPC, however, was not involved in any registration
6105659
Charles Fitch


by George Storrs, who cautioned the Millerites not to organize a new church, for "no church can be organized by man's invention but what it becomes Babylon the moment it is organized." Joseph Marsh, editor of the "Voice of Truth", also supported this call to separate. The Millerite leaders themselves withheld from supporting this call, but neither did they do anything to prevent it. After the first initial disappointment that occurred when Jesus did not come by the spring of 1844, Fitch then traveled east to
14859475
Magisterium


truth, could work. Thus, the pope’s authority was as a judge, not an infallible teacher. The doctrine began to visibly develop during the Reformation, leading to a formal statement of the doctrine by St. Robert Bellarmine in the early 17th century, but it did not come to widespread acceptance until the 19th century and the First Vatican Council. A significant development in the teaching authority of the Church occurred from 1414 to 1418 with the Council of Constance, which effectively ran the Church during the Great Schism, during which
4531972
4 Months, 3 Weeks and 2 Days


prominent there. Anti-abortion protests comparable to those in the U.S. or Ireland did not occur in Romania until 2005, when the Orthodox Church commented on the matter. Mungiu also declined to state his position on abortion, and said he attempted to keep his film and his personal position separate. Scholars Oana Godeanu-Kenworthy and Oana Popescu-Sandu argued the film was simply about communism, and the minimalism allowed for foreign audiences to see what they wanted, including a statement on the abortion debate. In the Canadian feminist magazine
1961704
Wilford Woodruff


's position. In response, Woodruff published a statement where he stated that the church did not wish to interfere with members's political endeavors. In December 1895, Woodruff said that Thatcher and Roberts would not be presented for the traditional vote of approval at April's General Conference until both repented. Utah became a state with a Republican majority in the state government. Thatcher refused to reconcile with the Apostles, and continued to experience ill health. George Q. Cannon drafted a "Political Manifesto" at Woodruff's request. It stated
21796693
Tennessee State Route 21


shores of Reelfoot Lake and cross the Hill-Talley Bridge over the Obion River and enter Lake County. The highway then turns west again to enter Tiptonville and they soon come to an intersection with SR 78. SR 22 downgrades to secondary here while SR 21 remains primary. They then continue into downtown to come to an intersection between Church Street and Cedar Street, where SR 22 then separates and turns north along Cedar Street, while SR 21 downgrades to a secondary highway and continues west on Church Street to the banks of the
14355914
John the Baptist


I have felt to the full. He must become greater, and I less." He who comes from above is above all others; but a child of earth is earthly, and his teaching is earthly, too. He who comes from heaven is above all others. He states what he has seen and what he heard, and yet no one accepts his statement. They who did accept his statement confirm the fact that God is true. For he whom God sent as his messenger gives us God's own teaching
16242418
Christianity and homosexuality


(from 1,000 to 482). Some churches have a moderate position. Although they do not approve homosexual practices, they show sympathy and respect for homosexuals. Reflecting this position, some pastors, for example, showed moderation during public statements. For example, Pastor Joel Osteen of Lakewood Church in Houston said in 2013 he found it unfortunate that several Christian ministers focus on the homosexuality by forgetting the other sins described in the Bible. He said that Jesus did not come to condemn people, but to save them. Other pastors
7479090
Land of Desire


Land of Desire is a book by William Leach about the development of consumer capitalism in the United States from 1890–1932. It was a National Book Award Finalist for 1993. The title of the book comes from the statement by store owner John Wanamaker that "everyone who starts a new thing has to stand where Columbus did when he set sail. Few had faith that he could ever reach the land of desire." "Land of Desire" opens with the premise that American democracy shifted fundamentally after the Civil War as land ownership
12914035
Persecutions of the Catholic Church and Pius XII


the philosophy and practices of Communism. Pius XI followed this line with numerous statements and the encyclicals Miserentissimus Redemptor, Caritate Christi, and Divini Redemptoris. The pontificate of Pius XII from the very beginning faced problems, as large parts of Poland, the Baltic States and their Catholic populations were incorporated into the USSR. At once, the United Catholic Churches of Armenia, Ukraine and Ruthenia were attacked. Soviet attempts to separate the United Churches from Rome reflected not only Soviet policy, but were a continuation of centuries-old Russian policies
12713404
Round Rock Christian Academy


name was adopted in 1998 to communicate the school's broader mission of educating all students regardless of denomination or religion. The original mission and philosophy statements were composed in 1990. The first minor revision was approved by the school board in 1998 and the most recent significant revision was made in 2009. The vision statement was added in 2000. In December 2010, the school became separate from Central Baptist Church to become its own entity. Although legally separate, the school and the church still maintain a close working relationship. RRCA has
18078340
John Cotton (minister)


from moving further towards separation from the English church. He felt that the church and the state should be separate to a degree but that they should be intimately related. He considered the best organization for the state to be a Biblical model from the Old Testament. He did not see democracy as being an option for the Massachusetts government, but instead felt that a theocracy would be the best model. It was in these matters that Roger Williams strongly disagreed with Cotton. Puritans gained control of the English Parliament in the early 1640s
4476967
Latvia's First Party


Party denied that the "separation of church argument" can properly be used to keep people of faith silent when it comes to issues of morality or the passing or failing of laws that have strong moral dimensions. The ideas under the separation of church and state doctrine have to do with (a) the state not being allowed to control the church, or (b) the church not being allowed to control the state. All legislators have the right to vote their conscience. Economically, First Party supported the existing status quo
7485857
Great Church


Pope. The sees of Rome and Constantinople, both applying the Chalcedonian Definition, remained in full communion throughout the First seven ecumenical councils (325–787) and until the East–West Schism (1054). Cunningham, and separately, Kugel and Greer state that Irenaeus's statement in "Against Heresies" (written ) is the first recorded reference to the "Great Church" as the existence of a worldwide Christian church with a core set of shared beliefs. Irenaeus states: Cunningham states that two points in Irenaeus' writing deserve
19866194
Separation of church and state


Britain to be able to worship as they wished – but they did not seek religious freedom, and early North American colonies were generally as intolerant of religious dissent as England; Puritan Massachusetts, for example, did not allow standard Church of England worship. Some of these people voluntarily sailed to the American Colonies specifically for this purpose. After the American Colonies famously revolted against George III of the United Kingdom, the Constitution of United States was specifically amended to ban the establishment of religion by Congress. The concept of separating church and
6266758
The Salvation Army


Army did not violate church-state separation in its publicly funded projects. The organisation did not dispute allegations that nine-year-olds in a city-funded foster care program were put through a "confirmation-like" ceremony, where they were given Bibles and prayed over. From the 1940s to the 1980s the Salvation Army in Australia sheltered approximately 30,000 children. In 2006 the Australian division of the Salvation Army acknowledged that sexual abuse may have occurred during this time and issued an apology. In it, the Army explicitly
6628711
Yale Corporation


. As explained by 20th-century Yale historian George Pierson: In the 1750s President Clap did cause or engineer two great breaks: the separation of the College from the churches by the setting up of an independent college church, and separation of the College from the state by the refusal of inspection and termination of colony support. But the second separation proved unsuccessful. So Stiles and his trustees had to bring political authorities back into management of the College by adding the governor, lieutenant governor, and six senior assistants to the Fellows
12478894
Justin I


policy from his aging uncle. The raiding parties were led by two of Justinian's up-and-coming military protégees, Sittas and Belisarius. The raids achieved little, other than to make a statement of intent. Justin's reign is noteworthy for the resolution of the Acacian schism between the eastern and western branches of the Christian church. On ascending the throne Justin invited Pope Hormisdas to Constantinople for negotiations. Justinian sent a similar, but separate, invitation; said to have been closer to a summons. Hormisdas promptly despatched
3655246
Ecclesiastical Insurance


in order to defeat possible claims for damages. Mandate Now's concerns were borne out in a statement to IICSA by Michael Angell on behalf of the insurer in 2018. His testimony included the statement that Ecclesiastical had been a regular participant in the Church of England Safeguarding Committee from the mid 1990s onwards. This committee made policy recommendations and issued safeguarding guidance within the Church. In 2000, the Church formed a joint safeguarding committee with the Methodist Church, which Ecclesiastical continued to attend. In 2012/13 the two churches returned to separate committees
363109
Augustine of Hippo


eschatology on Augustinian amillennialism, where Christ rules the earth spiritually through his triumphant church. During the Reformation theologians such as John Calvin accepted amillennialism. Augustine taught that the eternal fate of the soul is determined at death, and that purgatorial fires of the intermediate state purify only those that died in communion with the Church. His teaching provided fuel for later theology. Although Augustine did not develop an independent Mariology, his statements on Mary surpass in number and depth those of other early writers. Even before the Council of Ephesus, he
1783504
Tome v. United States


that a post-motive consistent statement could be admitted to rebut a charge of fabrication, but that the probative force of the statement would simply be diminished. Breyer argued that FRE 801(d)(1)(B) could simply be a recognition that juries can have difficulty in separating the impeaching and substantive uses of hearsay statements, and so the rule declared as not hearsay prior consistent statements used to rebut charges of fabrication. In that sense, the usefulness of the Rule did not rest on the majority's timing requirement. On remand, the Tenth Circuit
12888547
Katharine Brisbane


where the critic, in making her evaluation that the production was a disaster . . . did not plainly confine herself to commenting upon facts truly stated; she wrote what could, we think, have been regarded as amounting to a defamatory statement of fact ..." In a separate judgment, Windeyer went further, "the matter published by the respondent in its newspaper was a vigorous, and in parts abusive criticism of a public performance of 'Othello'." The newspaper ultimately settled with O'Shaughnessy. However, it had a
11683206
Wangari Maathai


a biological agent or not. But I do know things like that don't come from the moon. I have always thought that it is important to tell people the truth, but I guess there is some truth that must not be too exposed," and when asked what she meant, she continued, "I'm referring to AIDS. I am sure people know where it came from. And I'm quite sure it did not come from the monkeys." In response she issued the following statement: On 28
21174530
Grace Episcopal Church (Alexandria, Virginia)


Grace Episcopal Church is an Episcopal Church in Alexandria, Virginia, in the Episcopal Diocese of Virginia. Grace Episcopal Church is a center for worship and fellowship, a school for discipleship and stewardship and a community for healing and outreach. The church was founded in 1855 by members of Christ Church and St. Paul's Episcopal Church who wanted to start another Episcopal Church in the expanding West end of Alexandria. The parish's original founding statement says "where all may come without regard for temporal estate, freely and without fee, as
16722145
Evan Stephens


on marrying her, and arranged for her to come to Utah from the United Kingdom in 1902. Stephens had anticipated that she would convert to the LDS Church on coming to Utah, but when this did not happen, he arranged for her to be his housekeeper. According to interviews of Stephens's relatives conducted in the 1950s and the 1990s, Stephens stated that Daniels would have made a good wife, but he would only marry a member of the LDS Church. After Stephens died, Daniels did join the LDS Church and
17270505
Bible-Presbyterian churches (Singapore)


about removing the landmark and undermining the foundations that he had carefully laid thus: While KJ Choi was clearly not a fifth columnist himself, the continuing decline of the ICCC suggests that it continued to be surrounded by fifth columnists when Choi became President. SH Quek was General Secretary when Choi was President but he (SH Quek) seemed to be unenthusiastic or non-supportive of the ICCC's cause (see "Separation and doctrinal statements of Mount Carmel and other Mountain Churches" and "Separation and doctrinal statement of Zion churches"
6105752
West Midlands Serious Crime Squad


Kaye adds that the language of the statements were generally very similar, lacking differentiation in phraseology and colloquialisms, whether from Birmingham or the Black Country, nor reflecting the diverse backgrounds of the suspects, who may have been Asian, Afro-Caribbean, from different regions of Britain or Ireland. Only in the case of Afro-Caribbeans did he note any difference, where suspects would use the word 'man', despite using the same language patterns in every other respect. Other evidence for interference with statements comes from the length
16719247
Medard Boss


contributions Boss made to the literature in existential psychotherapy include "The Meaning and Content of Sexual Perversions" (English Translation, 1949), "The Analysis of Dreams" (English Translation, 1958), and "A Psychiatrist Discovers India" (English translation, 1965). Boss saw dreams as coming from a person’s life as a whole, not from a separate “dream state”. He also did not see the “unconscious” as a place where the denied impulses were kept, which was the way Freud
20962775
Hell


Catholic Church, many other Christian churches, such as the Baptists and Episcopalians, and some Greek Orthodox churches, Hell is taught as the final destiny of those who have not been found worthy after the general resurrection and last judgment, where they will be eternally punished for sin and permanently separated from God. The nature of this judgment is inconsistent with many Protestant churches teaching the saving comes from accepting Jesus Christ as their savior, while the Greek Orthodox and Catholic Churches teach that the judgment hinges on both faith and works. However
21949660
Norwegian Humanist Association


HEF supports the following statement of the IHEU: Former HEF secretary general, Levi Fragell, was president of the IHEU (1988–2003) and later Chair of IHEU’s Committee for Growth and Development. Since 2013, Tom Hedalen is chairman of the Board of the organization. According to its bylaws, the organization works to ensure access to humanist ceremonies and spreading knowledge of humanism. The organization previously also worked for a separation of church and state (the Evangelical-Lutheran Church of Norway was the state church of Norway until 2012)
19888741
Charlie Hebdo shooting


emancipation of the Republic from the Catholic church between 1789 and 1830. In France, the principle of "laïcité" – the separation of church and state – was enshrined in the 1905 law on the Separation of the Churches and the State, and in 1945 became part of the constitution. Under its terms, the government and all public administrations and services must be religion-blind and their representatives must refrain from any display of religion, but private citizens and organisations are free to practise and express the religion of their choice where
17428661
Peter O'Shaughnessy


that effect. In a joint judgment, Barwick, McTiernan, Menzies and Owen wrote: "This is one of those cases where the critic, in making her evaluation that the production was a disaster ... did not plainly confine herself to commenting upon facts truly stated; she wrote what could, we think, have been regarded as amounting to a defamatory statement of fact, viz. that the producer dishonestly suppressed the roles of other players to highlight his own role." In a separate judgment, Windeyer went further: "
19637646
Porvoo Communion


The Porvoo Communion is a communion of 15 predominantly northern European, with a couple of far-southwestern European (in the Iberian Peninsula) Anglican and Evangelical Lutheran church bodies. It was established in 1992 by a theological agreement entitled the "Porvoo Common Statement" which establishes full communion between and among these churches. The agreement was negotiated in the town of Järvenpää in Finland, but the communion's name comes from the nearby city of Porvoo where there was a joint celebration of the Eucharist (or Holy Communion) in Porvoo Cathedral
16411924
Separation of church and state in the United States


at the time the Constitution was ratified. These critics argue that the prevalent degree of separation of church and state could not have been intended by the constitutional framers. Some of the intermingling between church and state include religious references in official contexts, and such other founding documents as the United States Declaration of Independence, which references the idea of a "Creator" and "Nature's God", though these references did not ultimately appear in the Constitution nor do they mention any particular religious view of a "Creator" or "
18038029
State religion


church is ruled by an exterior body; in the case of Catholicism, the Vatican has control over the church. In either case, the official state religion has some influence over the ruling of the state. As of 2012, there are only five state churches left, as most countries that once featured state churches have separated the church from their government. Disestablishment is the process of repealing a church's status as an organ of the state. In a state where an established church is in place, those opposed to such
5364538
LGBT Mormon suicides


therapy trying to change sexual orientation as ineffective and destructive. A church leader did not take a position on conversion therapy when asked in 2006. Church leaders began explicitly stating that same-sex physical attractions were not a choice in 2012 and stating that therapy focusing on a change in sexual orientation was unethical in 2016. Below are a few media-reported suicides of LGBT individuals from Mormon backgrounds, with the year of death noted in parentheses. The church released a statement through spokesman Dale Jones on 28 January 2016 mourning the reported
7604621
Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals Inc. v. Thompson


" of cases that come within this grant of jurisdiction are covered by Justice Holmes' statement that a "`suit arises under the law that creates the cause of action.'" "Franchise Tax Board" Test: The Court has also granted jurisdiction "where the vindication of a right under state law necessarily turned on some construction of federal law." "Smith" Test (Quoting from the dissent): "The general rule is that where it appears from the bill or statement of the plaintiff that the right to
16175221
Divorce in Francoist Spain and the democratic transition


many couples separated by simply moving into separate homes. During the Franco period, there was the concept of "hidden divorce".  These were declarations by the Spanish Catholic Church that a marriage was nullified. They were different from the ecclesiastical courts' dissolution of marriages. These divorces could come about because of Pauline privilege, where the church nullified a marriage because neither spouse had been baptized. Marriages could also be nullified if one spouse was baptized and the other not, as the Catholic spouse could not live as a faithful Catholic
9396934
Religious and philosophical views of Albert Einstein


In the conversations Einstein makes various statements about the Christian Churches in general and the Catholic Church in particular: "When you learn the history of the Catholic Church, you wouldn't trust the Center Party. Hasn't Hitler promised to smash the Bolsheviks in Russia? The Church will bless its Catholic soldiers to march alongside the Nazis" (March 1930). "I predict that the Vatican will support Hitler if he comes to power. The Church since Constantine has always favoured the authoritarian State, as long as the State allows
21791220
Garr Auditorium


found only in Jesus Christ, the Holy Spirit empowers us to live out our faith, we are the church with a mission, the second coming of Christ & final judgement, and human sexuality. The Church's mission statement, as copied from their website, is: "To lead others into a growing relationship with Jesus Christ by providing and environment where they feel loved, valued and connected." The original Garr Auditorium had a sign that said "Jesus Saves", constructed out of big white letters and mounted on
19310244
Mountain Meadows Massacre


hated because of the expulsion of the church from that state." Mormon leaders were teaching that the Second Coming of Jesus was imminent - "...there are those now living upon the earth who will live to see the consummation" and "...we now bear witness that his coming is near at hand". Based on a somewhat ambiguous statement by Joseph Smith, some Mormons believed that Jesus would return in 1891 and that God would soon exact punishment against the United States for persecuting Mormons and martyring Joseph Smith, Hyrum Smith
7159733
Political positions of Mike Huckabee


a full-page ad in USA Today in support of the statement with 129 other evangelical leaders. In 1998 he also stated, "Politics are totally directed by worldview. That's why when people say, 'We ought to separate politics from religion,' I say to separate the two is absolutely impossible". On the campaign trail in 2007, Huckabee told a Dallas Baptist church, "If you're with Jesus Christ, we know how it turns out in the final moment. I've read the last chapter
10911473
Heavenly Mother (Mormonism)


Other Mormon women have been excommunicated for similar publications such as teaching that Heavenly Mother is the Holy Ghost. One early authoritative statement from the entire First Presidency on the subject is the "origin of man" letter by the on the 50th anniversary of Charles Darwin's "Origin of Species". The church also later implied the theology in the 1995 statement "", where the church officially stated that each person is a "spirit son or daughter of heavenly parents". Other references to heavenly parents can be found in Latter
13979486
Murder of Cynthia Okogosu


The witness also told the court of another investigation against the defendants, in two separate hotels-Chelsea Suit and Penny Hotel-Festac, where they were alleged to have carried out similar acts. The cases were separated because the incidents did not happen on the same day. It was based on the confessional statement by the first and second defendant that they carried out similar acts in other hotels in Festac. In one of his appearances in court, Nwabufo denied ever knowing about Rohypnol nor did he put it into Cynthia’s drink
16363070
Eastern Orthodox view of sin


has been consistent in condemning acts of homosexuality (but not homosexual persons), despite variations in the conditions for homosexual activity and responses from various Church leaders and the State. Continuing a worldview evident from the Old and New Testaments, the Church Fathers consistently condemned homosexual activity, as did the Byzantine state. Official statements by the Orthodox hierarchy continue to be consistent in terms of the traditional position that homosexual behaviour is sinful and thus damaging to the human person, and that homosexual temptation is a subject for ascetic struggle. While some
21270298
Ark Encounter


, age of the Earth, and co-existence of man and non-avian dinosaurs. After feasibility studies projected that the park would be a boon to the state's tourism industry, the Ark Encounter received tax incentives from the city, county, and state to induce its construction. This drew criticism from groups concerned with the separation of church and state. A dispute over AiG's hiring practices was adjudicated in U.S. federal court, which found in 2016 that the organization could require Ark Encounter employees to sign a statement of
12863399
Cardinal Newman Society


, or sexuality in general (10). That leaves only 40% for all other issues relating to Catholic education." When a group of Catholic scholars issued a statement calling on political leaders to consider the common good, the Newman Society attacked it saying that they were “distorting Church teaching in favor of left-leaning politics to take political shots at vice presidential nominee Paul Ryan.” In their critique, however, the Society did not "cite a single instance where the statement strays from Catholic teaching. Instead,
9090561
Thomas More Law Center


were donations solicited from his church. A month later, on December 14, 2004, the ACLU and Americans United for Separation of Church and State filed suit on behalf of eleven Dover parents, claiming that the statement was a violation of the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment. The Center defended the school district in the trial, which lasted from September 26 through November 4. The case was decided on December 20, 2005. Judge John E. Jones III delivered a 139 page decision in favor of the plaintiffs, ruling that
18455087
Charles Fitch


advised his followers not to separate from their churches. Charles Fitch then preached a powerful sermon based on Revelation 18: "Babylon the great has fallen... Come out of her, my people!" Up to this point, most Protestants had identified Babylon in the text as the papacy of the Roman Catholic Church. In this sermon, Fitch labeled all the Protestant churches that had not accepted the message of Jesus' Second Coming as Babylon. He then invited the Millerites to separate from their churches. This cry was taken up
14859474
Venkatachalapathi Samuldrala prayer controversy


In 2007, after it was announced that Hindu cleric Rajan Zed would be the first to offer a Hindu prayer to the United States Senate, Americans United for Separation of Church and State (AU) recalled the controversy over Samuldrala and called on the Family Research Council (FRC) to live up to its statement of 2000, saying: Now the FRC gets a chance to really make amends. We challenge the group to issue a public statement affirming religious diversity in America and welcoming Hindus to our rich tapestry of faiths. If
18441291
Rosie O'Donnell


States's ruling in "Gonzales v. Carhart", a decision upholding the Partial-Birth Abortion Ban Act. O'Donnell cited a Florynce Kennedy quote, "If men could get pregnant abortion would be a sacrament" and asked rhetorically "How many Supreme Court judges are Catholic?" and "How about separation of church and state?" Some conservative commentators deemed her statements "anti-Catholic bigotry" and suggested that such statements against other religions would not be tolerated. O'Donnell's outspokenness and spontaneousness sometimes led to her views being
354782
Bible-Presbyterian churches (Singapore)


Life B-P Church and the churches associated with them will be a separate group from BPCIS – as seen in the organisation and staffing of ERBC where churches in the BPCIS camp have been left out. When Life B-P Church organised the Combined B-P Churches Reformation Conference from 9–12 August 2017, churches in the BPCIS camp did not join as organisers. On the other hand, BPCIS organised its own Reformation Lectures from 25–27 October 2017 held on the premises of Zion Bishan B-P Church, Emmanuel B-
6105960
Secular humanism


of the IHEU have endorsed the following statements on Humanist identity: According to the Council for Secular Humanism, within the United States, the term "secular humanism" describes a world view with the following elements and principles: "A Secular Humanist Declaration" was issued in 1980 by the Council for Secular Humanism's predecessor, CODESH. It lays out ten ideals: Free inquiry as opposed to censorship and imposition of belief; separation of church and state; the ideal of freedom from religious control and from jingoistic government control; ethics
9508052
Marlin K. Jensen


sent by the First Presidency to give an interview with the "Salt Lake Tribune" in reaction to a 1998 First Presidency statement and to explicitly state that someone could be a devout Mormon and a member of the Democratic Party. He lamented the decline of the Utah Democratic Party, and regretted that the Republican Party might be seen as the "church party". He felt that good Latter-day Saints will have conflicts with either party's platform, from which they must selectively pick and choose. Coming from a church official
21271523
Wedge strategy


stripping religious content from their anti-evolution, creationist assertions as a means of avoiding the separation of church and state mandated by the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment. The statements, when viewed in the light of the Wedge document and the US District Court's Kitzmiller decision, show ID and the ID movement is an attempt to put a gloss of secularity on top of what is a fundamentally religious belief. The wedge strategy details a simultaneous assault on state boards of education, state and federal legislatures and on the print and
11927144
Preying from the Pulpit


of Police detectives, Capt. Bill Conner was quoted in the "Tribune" saying that, "There is no investigation of the First Baptist Church of Hammond or Jack Hyles". On June 1, 1993 The Lake County, Indiana prosecutor's office stated that it did not have any cases involving Hyles or the First Baptist Church of Hammond.On the same day, the Hammond Police Department reaffirmed the statement it made the previous month when it confirmed that there was no investigation of Hyles or the church. Hyles told his
2202441
Pat Robertson controversies


don't believe it." Robertson also drew criticism from Focus on the Family for the statement in their magazine, "Citizen", saying that "One Christian conservative leader [presumably Robertson] has mistakenly suggested that Lynn would say a burning church shouldn't be able to call the fire department lest it violate the bounds of church-state separation." On his November 10, 2005 broadcast of "The 700 Club", Robertson told citizens of Dover, Pennsylvania that they had rejected God by voting out of office all
9575299
Pope Cyril III of Alexandria


This simple pope had predicted before his departure that "pain would befall the church and its people and the Lord would establish a man who would come from where they did not know". John VI died unhappy about the state of affairs of the Church and wary of the plans of Dawoud ibn Laqlaq. The ordination of Cyril ibn Laqlaq was controversial. On the very day that John VI died, supporters of the priest and monk David of Fayyum (داود الفيومي) started lobbying for his consecration as patriarch, on his behest
152061
Church of Norway


the church occurred on 1 February 2017 just after midnight. On 21 May 2012, the Norwegian Parliament passed a constitutional amendment for the second time (such amendments must be passed twice in separate parliaments to come into effect) that granted the Church of Norway increased autonomy, and states that "the Church of Norway, an Evangelical-Lutheran church, remains Norway's people's church, and is supported by the State as such" ("people's church" or "folkekirke" is also the name of the Danish state
18646434
Kulturkampf


a series of contentious dogmas and encyclicals: In Under the leadership of his successor, Pope Pius IX, in With its "Syllabus of Errors" of 1864, the Catholic Church launched an assault on the new ideologies, condemning 80 philosophical and political statements, mainly the foundations of the modern nation state, as false. It outright rejected such concepts as freedom of religion, free thought, separation of church and state, civil marriage, sovereignty of the people, democracy, liberalism and socialism, reason as the sole base of
18516150
Jaro Evangelical Church


given by the American industrialist and philanthropist John D. Rockefeller in 1905. With the coming of the Americans with a new political doctrine of separation of church and state, there was no more state church like during the Spanish time. The first Protestant sect to arrive in West Visayas were Baptists. In 1900, Dr. Eric Lund and Braulio Manikan of the American Baptist Missionary Union arrived in Iloilo City followed by Rev. Charles Briggs. Manikan was from Aklan but had been converted to Protestantism while in the United States. In 1900, they
16535806
A Catholic Statement on Pluralism and Abortion


on abortion was indeed "monolithic", but said many Catholics "do not share the view of the Catholic Church." CFFC wanted to make clear the church's hierarchy did not speak for them. The CFFC turned the Maguire/Maguire/Kissling position paper holding about 80 signatures from leading Catholic reformers into a statement suitable for the public, and in August–September 1984 they sought further signatures from such groups as the Women Church Convergence, a group working to increase women's roles in the Church. A total of
6583143
Worthington Christian High School


program. The high school is run by Worthington Christian Schools, which in turn, is a ministry of the Grace Polaris Church of Columbus, Ohio; a member of the Fellowship of Grace Brethren Churches. The school's statement of faith comes from the fellowship, a voluntary organization of autonomous churches. Students come from a variety of different Christian churches, and are required to share core beliefs, but not necessarily belong to the same denomination. This is a selective list of both graduates, and others who attended the school.
16852471
Origin of Malankara Church of God Thrikkannamangal


. One of the greatest out pouring of the Holy Spirit in modem times happened in her orphanage of child and widows. But none of these denominational revivals come out of their four walls and had separate Pentecostal churches anywhere in India. George E. Berg, an independent American missionary of German descent, went to India in 1901, and returned to the United States in 1908, where he received the Spirit of baptism at Azusa street mission in 1908. He returned to India and lived in Bangalore, having it as a center for
15008517
Siege of Acre (1799)


Antiquity included in the speech are to the Sacred Band of Thebes and the Persian Immortals—elite units of, respectively, the city state of Thebes and the Achaemenid Kings of Persia; and to the Battle of Issus where Alexander the Great decisively defeated the latter. (In fact, though Acre was not conquered, Napoleon's Imperial Guard did come to be informally called "The Immortals.") Some hold that a statement attributed to Napoleon during the war, according to which he promised to return the land to the Jews
8580697
Al-Bayyina


Right Creed had come to them. From this it automatically follows that they themselves were responsible for their error and deviation. Now, if even after the coming of the clear statement through this Messenger, they continued to stray, their responsibility would further increase. In this very connection, it has been stated that the Prophets who came from Allah and the, Books sent down by Him, did not enjoin anything but that the way of sincere and true service to Allah be adopted, apart from all other ways, no one
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