how many females compared to males in the world
Epidemiology of suicide


attempts are increased in both gay males and lesbians, as well as bisexuals of both sexes when compared to their heterosexual counterparts. The trend of having a higher incident rate among females is no exception with lesbians or bisexual females and when compared with homosexual males, lesbians are more likely to attempt than gay or bisexual males. Studies vary with just how increased the risk is compared to heterosexuals with a low of 0.8-1.1 times more likely for females and 1.5-2.5 times more likely for males. The highs reach 4.6 more
21805958
The Act of Marriage


honeymoon for experimentation so that they can best learn how to please their partner. The importance of clitoral stimulation to achieve female orgasm is again stressed. Male and female sexual responses are again compared and a brief discussion of positions is given. This chapter gives eleven suggestions on how men can satisfy their wives. This chapter gives nine suggestions on how women can satisfy their husbands and achieve satisfaction themselves during the sex act. This chapter declares that many wives are not as satisfied by sexual encounters as they could be because they fail to
20199740
Forbidden Flowers


in 1973. She is thus able to compare how the fantasies have changed over the five-year period, and note women's reactions to the first book, which shocked many by revealing how many women fantasize sexually. A third book, "Women on Top", was published in 1991. In addition to this series, Friday has written a number of other books examining male and female sexuality. These are entitled "My Mother/My Self", "Men in Love", "Jealousy", and "
12160151
Disciplining gendered bodies


area of personal and interpersonal space tends to be diverse and has various levels for different genders and how it is used to disciple one's self and others. Males and females also experience their bodies in different ways such as females are more guarded in the way they experience their bodies than males who are less guarded. The size of personal space also had to do with gender. Females compared to males take up less space and males tend to spread out. An example would be when a female sits in a chair they normally
18568696
Military personnel


including most of the world's major military powers. Most personnel are male. The proportion of female personnel varies internationally; for example, it is approximately 3% in India, 10% in the UK, 13% in Sweden, 16% in the US, and 27% in South Africa. Many state armed forces that recruit women bar them from ground close combat roles (roles that would require them to kill at close quarters). Compared with male personnel and female civilians, female personnel face substantially higher risks of
3507253
Gender pay gap in sports


much female athletes get paid should relate to how much revenue they bring in. The different marketability of athletes affects the corresponding earnings of male and female athletes. The economic benefits will occur as long as female athletes generate outstanding revenue as their male counterparts do. Female athletes do not have the same level of athletic performance as male athletes. The study has shown that compares to females, males have more muscle, higher blood volume, and more red blood cells, and those differences can be 30% in individuals. Currently,
12891434
Women in World War I


handedly. Also includes limited role for women volunteers as nurses during the war as well as in manufacturing roles outside the front lines. During the World War Serbia could be considered a country of women with a far greater number of women compared to men, Serbian census in 1910 showed there were 100 females per 107 males but by the time of the Austro-Hungarian census in 1916 there were 100 females per sixty nine males, many of the men gone from the census just a short six years later were killed in combat,
2926916
Obstetrical dilemma


the comparative skeletal anatomy between males and females. The human pelvis is made up of three sections: the hip bones (ilium, ischium and pubis), the sacrum, and the coccyx. How these three segments articulate and what their dimensions are is key for differentiation between males and females. Females acquired the characteristic of the overall pelvic bone being thinner and denser than the pelvic bones of males. The female pelvis has also evolved to be much wider and allow for greater room in order to safely deliver a child. After
10007018
Misogyny in sports


receive more attention or opportunities as compared to their male counterparts. Misogyny in sports makes many people perceive women as weaklings in sporting activities. Recently, the number of females in sports has increased but not in the same percentage with that of males. For example, fewer women participate in games such as rugby football and boxing. Female athletes - Serena Williams, Ronda Rousey, and Women's World Cup soccer players etc. - have been very central in this movement regarding misogyny in sports. Women sportswriters have also become more involved
1123235
Race (human categorization)


a national sample of IPV arrests found that female arrest was more likely if the male victim was white and the female offender was black, while male arrest was more likely if the female victim was white. For both female and male arrest in IPV cases, situations involving married couples were more likely to lead to arrest compared to dating or divorced couples. More research is needed to understand agency and community factors that influence police behavior and how discrepancies in IPV interventions/ tools of justice can be addressed. Recent work using DNA cluster analysis
5998597
Langdon, Kent


the parish who lost their lives fighting in the First World War and the Second World War. The number of people who lost their lives during the First World War is higher compared to those who lost their lives in the Second World War. According to the 2011 Census there were 281 males and 277 females living in Langdon. The population time series of Langdon from 1801 to 2011 shows how the population fluctuated over the years between 1801 and 1961. In more recent years the population appears to have levelled off at almost 560 in
9283692
Facial expression


perceive, remember, and forget specific emotions. For instance, angry male faces and happy female faces are more recognizable, compared to happy male faces and angry female faces. A person's face, especially their eyes, creates the most obvious and immediate cues that lead to the formation of impressions. This article discusses eyes and facial expressions and the effect they have on interpersonal communication. A person's eyes reveal much about how they are feeling, or what they are thinking. Blink rate can reveal how nervous or at ease
11316302
Antagonistic Coevolution


Sexual antagonistic co-evolution is the relationship between males and females where sexual morphology changes over time to counteract the opposite's sex traits to achieve the maximum reproductive success. This has been compared to an arms race between sexes. In many cases, male mating behavior is detrimental to the female's fitness. For example, when insects reproduce by means of traumatic insemination, it is very disadvantageous to the female's health. During mating, males will try to inseminate as many females as possible, however, the more times a
2344834
David Crews


females engaging in male-typical behaviors in a parthenogenetic species, Dr. Crews has shown that this behavior is important to stimulate reproduction of both individuals in these pairings. By comparing the unisexual descendants with their sexual ancestors, Dr. Crews revealed how hormone-brain controlling mechanisms evolve. This work led to the examination of how novel hormone-brain controlling mechanisms might respond to new challenges. Of particular note is the revelation that the male-typical sexual behaviors which parthenogenetic females display turn out to be under the control of the postovulatory surge
12602681
Persian fallow deer


versus females, sex ratio plays an important role in extinction probability in the Persian fallow deer's population. Having more females than males increases the chances of species survival because one male can fertilize multiple females, so fewer males are needed. However, having too many female deer may lead to more intense polygynous mating behaviors. Because males in a polygynous mating system are each responsible for fertilizing multiple females, the loss of a single reproducing male would reduce the reproductive output of several females in a given breeding season; in a comparable
17179024
Neuroscience of sex differences


brains and how much they differ in regards to both structure and function has been uncovered. Females show enhanced information recall compared to males. This may be due to the fact that females have a more intricate evaluation of risk-scenario contemplation, based on a prefrontal cortical control of the amygdala. For example, the ability to recall information better than males most likely originated from sexual selective pressures on females during competition with other females in mate selection. Recognition of social cues was an advantageous characteristic because it ultimately maximized offspring and was
11100375
Polygyny in animals


genetic disorders. Additionally, it is difficult for males to monopolize many females at once, leading to extra-pair copulations in which a few females are able to mate with another male, while not being watched by the breeding male. (Some studies also show that EPC is less common in polygyny compared to monogamy.) These breeding males also have short tenure, and it is common for groups of males who do not have harems to attack a breeding male in order to gain reproductive access to his females. The largest
4849328
Gender inequality in India


boys may be more likely to drop out compared to girls in higher education institutions, as the employment urgency could be less pressing for girls. Though it is gradually rising, the female literacy rate in India is lower than the male literacy rate. According to Census of India 2011, literacy rate of females is 65.46% compared to males which is 82.14%. Compared to boys, far fewer girls are enrolled in the schools, and many of them drop out. According to the National Sample Survey Data of 1997, only
199903
Friendship


their friendships, and males report higher levels of physical victimization. Nevertheless, males and females tend to report comparative levels of satisfaction with their friendships. Among older adults, women tend to be more socially adept than their male peers, and many older men may rely upon a female companion, such as a spouse, in order to compensate for their comparative lack of social skills. Friendship is also found among animals of higher intelligence, such as higher mammals and some birds. Cross-species friendships are common between humans and domestic
4371688
Index of feminism articles


Equality feminism - Equality, gender - Equity feminism - Erotophilia - Erotophobia - Existentialism, feminist Family, matrifocal - Female bonding (compare Male bonding) - Female chauvinism (compare Male chauvinism) - Female education - "Female privilege": see Male privilege) - Female superiority - Feminazi - Feminine psychology (compare Masculine psychology) - Femininity (compare Masculinity) - Feminisation of the workplace - Feminism (compare Masculism) - Feminism and equality - Feminism and modern architecture - Feminism and the Oedipus complex - Feminism in Australia - Feminism
12622
European sexuality leading up to and during World War II


Führer. As a mark of how much sexual attitudes had changed by the end of the war, 23% of all young Germans were infected with a venereal disease, and prostitution had quadrupled, including male and female prostitution, as the Allies were many times more willing to have sexual relations with a male (who could not get pregnant). A number of scandals, including males caught naked/sexually involved with other males, caused some of the male prostitutes to be shipped to smaller towns or islands, where they were
14102282
Fertility


decline in semen volume, sperm motility, and sperm morphology. In studies that controlled for female age, comparisons between men under 30 and men over 50 found relative decreases in pregnancy rates between 23% and 38%. It is suggested that sperm count declines with age, with men aged 50–80 years producing sperm at an average rate of 75% compared with men aged 20–50 years and that larger differences are seen in how many of the seminiferous tubules in the testes contain mature sperm: Decline in male fertility is influenced by many
16411919
Panty raid


A panty raid was an American 1950s college prank in which large groups of male students attempted to invade the living quarters of female students and steal their panties (undergarments) as the trophies of a successful raid. The term dates to February 1949. Panty raids were the first college craze after World War II, following the 1930s crazes of goldfish swallowing or seeing how many students could fit in a phone booth. The mock battles that ensued between male and female students echoed the riotous battles between freshmen and upperclassmen, which were an
19225422
Feminine essence concept of transsexuality


In the study of transsexualism, the essentialist idea of a feminine essence refers to the proposal that male-to-female transsexuals are females trapped in male bodies. This idea has been interpreted in many senses, as a female mind, spirit, soul, personality, etc., as well as in more literal senses such as having a female brain structure; it is also a psychological narrative, that is, a self-description of how some transsexuals see themselves, or of how they may portray themselves to qualify for
1098443
Red harvester ant


" females. These pheromones are perfectly detected by males of the species upon physical contact, resulting in the stimulation of sexual behavior. Mating occurs at reproductive aggregation sites. Secretions from the mandibular glands of males initially mark these sites. The secretions attract females, as well as additional males, resulting in strong male competition for mates. The system of mating within "P. barbatus" is comparable to lek behavior performed by many vertebrate species. The male ants congregate and collectively give off a pheromone that attracts reproductive females. The more
19635046
Unicorn (spider)


a wide "H" or bow-tie pattern. Species of "Unicorn" are considered "soft-bodied", as the abdomen lacks the hardened plates that occur in many other goblin spiders. The abdomen possesses six spinnerets. Males and females show some differences in morphology: male jaws (chelicerae) are longer and more slender than those of females; the male palpal tibiae—the penultimate segment of the pedipalps—are enlarged compared to females; and males alone possess a "clypeal horn", a forward-
1760237
Hemipenis


the male copulate with the female. Spikes and hooks are thought to assist the male in fixing the hemipenis in place during mating, and are made specifically compatible to the female of the species. For example, species with branched hemipenes have females with branched cloacas, and species with many spikes have females with thicker cloacal walls, compared to those of species with males having little or no spines. This huge variety among the reproductive organs of squamata is of interest to taxonomists, as it may be able to shed light on evolutionary
11764620
Yellow-throated warbler


white superciliums. Remiges and rectrices are black. They measure long. Other plumages of these birds – females immatures and non-breeding males – resemble washed-out versions of the summer males; in particular they have a less crisply defined strong head pattern. They also have less bright yellows, and dark grey feathers instead of black ones in the body plumage. Compared to many other New World warblers, sexual dimorphism is slight however. The males' songs are clear, descending whistles. The calls are high "see"s or
13505414
Sexual dimorphism


These species are known as sequential hermaphrodites. In fish, reproductive histories often include the sex-change from female to male where there is a strong connection between growth, the sex of an individual, and the mating system it operates within. In protogynous mating systems where males dominate mating with many females, size plays a significant role in male reproductive success. Males have a propensity to be larger than females of a comparable age but it is unclear whether the size increase is due to a growth spurt at the time of the
19521604
Women in music


music festivals for the lack of female-fronted bands on bills and the lack of payment for female artists as compared to male artists of the same level. In recent years, the lack of female representation in music has been a major controversial point in the industry. Female musicians and bands are constantly overlooked in favor of male artists, however many people in the music industry have been making an effort to change this. From 2010 to 2018, many girl bands have emerged and became more popular. One of the most famous
22079964
Female cosmetic coalitions


gains sufficient fitness via a roving strategy of picking up cycling, non-cosmetic females. If Male A is not able to compete with Male B in terms of dominance, he is better off choosing the cosmetic females. Because Female B and her non-cosmetic female neighbors get the attentions, but no reliable investment, from Male B, they discourage any investment from the likes of Male A. Once costs of encephalization begin to bite and cooperative strategies are needed to support offspring, how many females will be choosing philanderers in preference
13243492
Education in the Dominican Republic


’s goals, and to develop one’s knowledge and potential. According to the CIA World Factbook, 91.8% of the population over the age of 15 is considered literate. Literacy for females is listed at 92.3% while literacy for males is listed at 91.2%. Compared to the world, these numbers are higher than the average. Worldwide literacy is at 86.1%. For males, worldwide literacy is at 89.9% and for females world literacy is at 82.2%. The CIA world factbook also shows data on the school
925909
Cannibalism


male and females. Data comparing female and male spider body length shows that there is little support for the prior theory as there is not much correlation between body size and the presence of sexual cannibalism. Not all species of spiders which partake in sexual cannibalism exhibit size dimorphism. The avoidance of sexual cannibalism is present in many male species to increase their rate of survival, whereby the male uses cautionary methods to lower the risk of his consumption. Male orb weaving spiders would often wait for females to moult or to finish eating before
3029449
Casual Sex?


he does not come on to her or act pushy and desperate. Instead, on the drive to the bus station, they speak frankly and candidly with each other about their disappointment with their experience at the health resort. Vinny lets his guard down and speaks plainly about how he really just doesn't understand the world of male and female relationships and how it all works. He asks Stacy, "How do you do it, this male, female, relationship thing? How do you do it?" Stacy shares that
14874108
Female labor force in the Muslim world


%. However, non-Muslim regions of the world also demonstrate disproportional employment figures. In Latin America and the Caribbean, the female unemployment rate was 11% in 2006 while the male unemployment rate was only 7%. In the European Union and other Developed countries such as the United States, female unemployment is higher than male unemployment. In 2006, Seven percent of women in the Developed World were unemployed as compared to 6% of men. Both rates have increased dramatically since the Great Recession but more women are still
12739266
Male infertility


on the success of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) in women saying, "[t]hus, the woman carries the treatment burden for male infertility, a fairly unique scenario in medical practice. Ironically, ICSI's success has effectively diverted attention from identifying what causes male infertility and focused research onto the female, to optimize the provision of eggs and a receptive endometrium, on which ICSI's success depends." Currently, there are no solid numbers on how many couples worldwide experience infertility, but the World Health Organization estimates between 60
18125726
Gender inequality


challenge seems to be that—no matter their actions—women are unable to win in the political sphere as different standards are used to judge them when compared to their male counterparts. One area in particular that exemplifies varying perceptions between male and female candidates is the way female candidates decide to dress and how their choice is evaluated. When women decide to dress more masculine, they are perceived as being "conspicuous." When they decide to dress more feminine, they are perceived as "deficient." At the same time
15047701
Andrena agilissima


bees in the genus which are usually solitary bees. Mating in the nest typically happens at the beginning of spring and mating at flowers happens at the end of the flight season. Being farther from the nest and mating will help lower the chance of inbreeding. The males do not show discrete size dimorphism unlike other bees and all are able to fly. The females are bigger than the males with a slightly larger head size. There is no correlation of how big the female bee is compared to the amount of pollen that is
16053015
Biology and sexual orientation


brains was comparable to the size of INAH3 in the heterosexual women's brains. However, other studies have shown that the sexually dimorphic nucleus of the preoptic area, which include the INAH3, are of similar size in homosexual males who died of AIDS to heterosexual males, and therefore larger than female. This clearly contradicts the hypothesis that homosexual males have a female hypothalamus. Furthermore, the SCN of homosexual males is extremely large (both the volume and the number of neurons are twice as many as in heterosexual males). These
6589214
Spawn (biology)


a white, fibrous matter that forms the matrix from which they grow. There are many variations in the way spawning occurs, depending on sexual differences in anatomy, how the sexes relate to each other, where and how the spawn is released and whether or how the spawn is subsequently guarded. Marine animals, and particularly bony fish, commonly reproduce by "broadcast spawning". This is an external method of reproduction where the female releases many unfertilised eggs into the water. At the same time, a male or many males
15206481
Red flour beetle


Increased population size within a given area with fixed resources can limit how many offspring can survive. Therefore, males must often compete with other males to be the last male that mates with the female, to increase his fertilization rate. By being the last male to mate with a female, it is likely that his ejaculate removed previous ejaculate from previous males, increasing the chances that his sperm fertilizes the female. In fact, in areas with limited resources, higher rates of cannibalism among competitor males can result in an overall decrease
3491501
Jody Miller (criminologist)


related to male gangs: One can study male gangs without reference to their female constituents, but only at a cost to a world that does, after all, contain two sexes. Anyone can study female gangs or gang members—as many have done—without reference to the male in their worlds. But the fault is the same, as is the loss. Dr. Miller's research, clearly emphasizing the perspective of her female respondents, makes it clear nonetheless that many of those perspectives are affected by necessary accommodations to male
2031901
Spoonhead sculpin


will drive other males away from his territory, which includes a nest site. Males will select nest sites under rocks. Then they try to attract females with the quality of their territory and have the female lay her eggs and attach them to the undersurface of the rocks in the nest site. Then he drives the females away from the nests after he has fertilized them. Males can sometimes be polygynous but this is usually correlated to the male’s size and to how many eggs he can guard at one time. The male
13721347
Khanozai


Fifty Three 5053 in which 2724 were male and 2329 were female. The sex ratio of Khanozai was 116.96 which means that the male proportion in the population is high i.e. (1.17) compare to that of female i.e. (1). Simply speaking, in Khanozai, there are recorded more male population than that of female (Population Census Organization, 1998a). Education has long been used as a prominent parameter of socio-economic development. In the advanced world, the literacy is near about 100%, therefore, they
5637832
Sephiroth (Final Fantasy)


Overrated Characters" during GameSpy's villain feature for "Dissidia Final Fantasy", arguing that gamers were impressed by him only because of his design and by how he killed Aerith during "Final Fantasy VII". On the other hand, AnimeFringe called him "the most notorious villain in the entire Final Fantasy series" and "quintessential bishōnen in the eyes of many fans -- male and female," comparing him with Kefka and praising his complexity. Critics have also commented on Sephiroth's role in other games. In relation to
13589740
Abraham Goldfaden


Abramski, published in 1877, that described and gave critiques of all of Goldfaden's plays of that year. Abramski speculated that the present day might be for Yiddish theater a moment comparable to the Elizabethan era for English theater. He discussed what a Yiddish theater ought to be, noted its many sources (ranging from Purim plays to circus pantomime), and praised its incorporation of strong female roles. He also criticized where he saw weaknesses, noting how unconvincingly a male actor played the mother in "Shmendrik", or remarking
3001582
Halfway Human


in 1998, and suggested that it would likely be included on the Hugo and Nebula ballots for that year. Patricia Wheeler compares Gilman's treatment of gender and sexuality, and particularly her attempt to create a character that exhibits neither male nor female characteristics, to Left Hand of Darkness by Ursula Le Guin. Wheeler mentions that many criticized Le Guin for ultimately failing to create characters that did not exhibit gendered traits, and suggests that this failure could possibly be evident in Halfway Human as well, depending on how the reader chooses to
5472600
Suicide in Hong Kong


gender is male roughly two times higher than female. On the other hand, there are some studies and research proves that female treat commits suicide as a protest or declaration of sovereignty, while male commit suicide usually is with a firm will. Compare to the world’s suicide rate by gender, the percentage is similar as other countries, especially compared with other Asia’s countries, which is because of the working environment and social cultures are similar with Hong Kong. There are four common suicide method in Hong Kong, Jumping,
12089382
Education in Guatemala


than a daughter to school if they could afford it. Mayan females are the least likely to enroll, start school late, and drop out the earliest compared to Mayan males and ladino males and females. Only 39% of indigenous females are literate compared to 68% of Mayan males, 87% Ladino males, and 77% Ladino women. Expectation of marriage and domestic duties for females, contributes to low investment in education -- indigenous females marry younger than non-indigenous females and only 3% of married females enroll in
986966
Female labor force in the Muslim world


. In North Africa, 17% of females are unemployed and 16% of women in the Middle East are unemployed. In both these regions, male unemployment was only 10%. Only Sub-Saharan Africa had a male unemployment rate as high as 10%. Seven percent of women are unemployed in Southeast Asia as compared to 6% of men. South Asia, which contains a few majority Muslim nations such as Bangladesh, has a higher female unemployment rate, 6%, than a male unemployment rate which is 5
12739265
Female labor force in the Muslim world


they are staples of the formal market whereas non-salaried workers are more or less on the fringe of economic activity which relegates them to limited participation in the formal market. While labor force participation rate sheds light on how many women work in the formal sectors of the economy, it says nothing about the type of work or the stable presence of women in the labor force. Countries such as Bangladesh and Indonesia, when female labor force participation rate or the ratio of male to female workers or similar indicators are considered, appear
12739253
Dingo


that is designed for speed, agility, and stamina. The head is the widest part of the body, wedge-shaped, and large in proportion to the body. Captive dingoes are longer and heavier than wild dingoes, as they have access to better food and veterinary care. The average wild dingo male weighs and the female , compared with the captive male and the female . The average wild dingo male length is and the female , compared with the captive male and the female . The average wild dingo male stands at
16323251
University of Bath


best university in the UK for boosting male graduate earnings with male graduates seeing a 22.2% increase in earnings compared to the average graduate, and the 8th best university for females, with female graduates seeing a 15.2% increase in earnings compared to the average graduate. Bath was ranked 13th out of 122 UK institutions in the 2017 Times Higher Education (THE) Student Experience Survey. Bath students were joint most likely to recommend the University to their friends. In the QS World University Rankings 2018 Bath is ranked 160 out of 959
20044995
Educational attainment in the United States


increased significantly, but the increasing rate of female college graduates exceeds the increasing rate for males. In 2007, the United States Census Bureau estimated that 18,423,000 males over the age of 18 held a bachelor's degree, while 20,501,000 females over the age 18 held one. In addition, fewer males held master's degrees: 6,472,000 males compared to 7,283,000 females. However, more men held professional and doctoral degrees than women. 2,033,000 males held professional degrees compared to 1,079,000, and 1,678,000 males had received a doctoral degree compared to 817,000
4062087
Achievement gap in the United States


. This could be due to many factors, including different types of jobs for males and females. Females are greatly underrepresented in science and engineering fields, which are typically correlated with high lifetime earnings. Males and females also have vastly different labor market histories based on type of job and time spent in each job. How a student interacts with and is evaluated by his or her teachers is closely correlated with that student's future academic achievement. According to researcher Thomas Good, there are two competing views of how teachers can indirectly
20060738
Employment equity (Canada)


equity, as a Canadian legal term, refers to the legal requirement that predominantly female occupations be paid the same as predominantly male occupations of equal importance within a given organization. One way of understanding the distinction between employment equity and pay equity (comparable worth) is to note that they take different approaches to dealing with the problem of predominantly female occupations being underpaid. Employment equity aims to increase the number of women in well-paid occupations. In contrast, pay equity implicitly recognizes how difficult it is to integrate predominantly male occupations
13054800
Phantasy Star (video game)


dozen designs until she achieved a strong but feminine character, one with whom female gamers could empathize. Noah was also designed by Kodama, as a mysterious and intelligent character. In the original draft, Noah was an androgynous character and would become male or female depending on how the player progressed. Eventually, it was decided the character would be male. Ohshima designed Odin because Kodama did not enjoy drawing muscular men. Kodama envisioned the visual contrast between Noah and Odin as comparable to that between Raistlin Majere and Caramon Majere in the
15115716
Gatekeeper (butterfly)


-producing scales known as the androconia. This is most likely for courtship purposes. Androconia have evolved through sexual selection for the purpose of releasing pheromones for attracting mates. Little is known about how androconia actually function during courtship, and the chemical composition of the pheromones is unknown. Females typically have more spots than males. Males have more costally placed eyespots, compared to the females, whose eyespots are more spread over the wing margin. As indicated by its alternate name, the gatekeeper butterfly prefers the habitat of meadow margins and
4809477
Pica (genus)


as many offspring compared to magpies whom had damaged tails. For magpies quality of male correlates with quality of territory. Female reproductive investment correlates with foods rich in protein and territory quality provided by the male. With increased availability of resources male magpies tends to build larger nests. Females will use both nest size and external environmental resource availability to select for the ideal mate. Nest size is also a direct benefit to the female. Larger nests is able to support larger clutch size. Thus nest size is used as a sexually selected
3263306
Gender neutrality in languages with grammatical gender


and are long established in both female and male use, but for example "chaufför" ("driver") exists only in the male form for both sexes, and the same with "direktör" ("managing director"), while "direktris" in modern Swedish is used with other meanings (in fashion and mathematics). The use of many female endings may seem archaic and connected with an inferior status, like "lärarinna" ("female teacher" for "children") compared to "lärare"
9427811
Wild turkey


toe in back; males have a spur behind each of their lower legs. Male turkeys have a long, dark, fan-shaped tail and glossy bronze wings. As with many other species of the Galliformes, turkeys exhibit strong sexual dimorphism. The male is substantially larger than the female, and his feathers have areas of red, purple, green, copper, bronze, and gold iridescence. The preen gland (uropygial gland) is also larger in male turkeys compared to female ones. In contrast to the majority of
6688702
Social interaction in MMORPGs


Strategies decided upon via communication via typed conversations, and individual actions, based upon their individual personalities, may risk others in the group. Unlike many real world situations, MMORPG users can choose team members and find like-minded others. While some individuals may be outcasts in the real world, they can become whomever they want in these virtual worlds, and can find other players with similar interests and personalities. In one survey, 39.4% of males and 53.3% of females felt that their MMORPG companions were comparable to or
10004053
Organ pipe mud dauber


are unique, compared to many other wasps, in that males stay at the mouth of the nest to protect the offspring. The male guards the young from intruders, parasites, and other males. This energy investment, to increase the likelihood in the survivability of their offspring, is known as parental care, and is common among many other hymenopteran, such as bees and ants. The male may also help the female in nest construction. Like other wasps, "T Politum" is haplodiploid. The unfertilized eggs generate males
18789366
Mentally ill people in United States jails and prisons


found that female inmates when compared to male inmates had statistically significant higher rates of serious psychological distress (20.5% of female prisoners and 32.3% of female jail inmates had serious psychological distress, versus 14% of male prisoners and 25.5% of male jail inmates) and a history of a mental health problem (65.8% of female prisoners and 67.9% of female jail inmates compared to 34.8% of male prisoners and 40.8% of male jail inmates). Significant differences between race and ethnicity were also observed. White prisoners and
16933090
Violence against women in New Zealand


sexual violence (forced sexual intercourse, attempted forced sexual intercourse, distressing sexual touching, or 'other sexual violence'). In 2006, 28.3% of females reported a lifetime experience of sexual violence compared to 23.8% in 2014. Both lifetime partner violence reports and lifetime sexual violence reports for females are significantly higher for females than males. For partner violence, in 2014, 13.8% of males reported, compared to 26.1% of females. For sexual violence, in 2013, 5.6% of males reported, compared to
17514134
LGBT in Islam


less recognized aspect of Muslim societies for many centuries." There are many explicit discussions of "same-sex sexual activity" in medieval Arabic literature. Ali states there is a lack of focus in medieval tradition on female same-sex sexual activity, where the Qur'an mainly focuses male/male sex. With female same-sex sexual activity there is more focus on the punishment for the acts and the complications with the dower, compare to men where there is a focus on punishment but also the needs to ablutions and the
15519565
Parental care


may have led to the evolution of female-only care. This early hypothesis suggested that because females invest more in the production of fewer and larger gametes, compared with males who produce many, smaller gametes, maternal care would be favoured. This is because females have initially invested more, and would thus stand more to lose if they did not continue to invest in the offspring. Biparental care tends to be favoured when sexual selection is not intense, and when the adult sex ratio of males to females is not strongly skewed
1051495
Uracentron flaviceps


and deeper heads, as well as longer limbs when compared to females. Females are also generally a little bit shorter in length than males. Sexually mature males also display different coloration than females or juveniles. Sexually mature males have an orange head and black body, in contrast to the much more subdued coloring and yellow heads of females, juveniles, and not sexually mature males. Males that reach sexual maturity also have enlarged testes when compared to those of males that have not reached sexual maturity. Tropical thornytail iguanas are considered a
3759052
Copper shark


to other parts of the world. The newborns measure long. The copper shark is among the slowest-growing "Carcharhinus" species: off South Africa, males reach sexual maturity at long and an age of 13–19 years, while females mature at long and an age of 19–20 years. Females off Australia mature at a comparable length of , while females off Argentina mature at a slightly smaller length of . The maximum lifespan is at least 30 years for males and 25 years for females. Copper sharks attack humans infrequently, but
1360731
Baisi


Baisi is a town in Purnia district of Bihar, India. The majority of people in the town are Sunni Muslims. The number of households in Baisi is 1,319. All the households are rural households. The female to male ratio of Baisi is 95.72% compared to the Bihar's female to male ratio of 91.93%. The literacy rate of the village is 35.98% compared to the literacy rate of state 47%. The female literacy rate is 21.39% compared to male literacy rate of 50.05%. The total working
4900822
Sexual conflict


been shown that though darts may aid in mating, they do not necessarily ensure mating success. However, love darts do in fact aid in mating success. Hermaphroditic snails will selectively take on a female or male role. Snails transmitted darts into these females so that they would store more sperm (about twice as much) compared to males who were not as successful. Males who successfully hit females with love darts had higher paternity assurance. Many snails inflicted with love darts suffer open wounds and sometimes death. Forced copulation (sexual
819278
Female sex tourism


physical encounters and not romance. He also says that the "tourist and beach boys may define their relationships as one of romance, [but] in reality, the relationship is one of prostitution". Researcher Jacqueline Sanchez-Taylor argues that the term "female sex tourism" and even the term "romance tourism" undermine what is actually happening in these situations. She compares female and male sex tourism and shows how each relationship is based upon sexual-economic relationships. She also explores whether or not female sex tourism is
15624345
Inequity aversion in animals


Alternatively, convergent evolution may be at play: under similar conditions the same behavior has emerged multiple times in evolution. Basing their argument partly on the facts that female chimpanzees often range solitarily and avert inequity less than males, Brosnan, Flemming, Talbot, Mayo, and Stoinski state the most likely hypothesis is that natural selection favours those who care how their outcomes compare to others. The level and intensity of cooperation may be less relevant for female chimps than for males, which may reduce the need for the building of social expectations
11724827
Maluti


Today Maluti is endangered by insufficient management of the old temples, and threatened by natural disasters. According to cencus of 2011;Total No. of Houses in Maluti is 325,Total Population is 1469 (male=761, female=708). Total no of child (0-6) is 163(male=93,female=70).Schedule Caste 363(male=189, female=174).No.of Schedule Tribe 52(male=23, female=29).Literacy 75.42% (male=81.29%, female=69.28%). Maluti village has higher literacy rate compared to Jharkhand. In 2011, literacy rate of Maluti village was 75.42 % compared to 66.41 % of Jharkhand. In Maluti
190280
Male as norm


by men, have "expressed the male as norm and the female as deviant; the male as whole and powerful, the female as unfinished, mutilated, and lacking in autonomy." According to Lerner, men have constructed, explained, and defined the world in their own terms and have placed themselves at the center of discourse. Lerner goes on to explain how men, by establishing male-centered language and discourse as the norm, have in turn demanded an androcentric perspective and necessitated the conceptualization of women as less than
1123173
Sexual selection in insects


Sexual selection in insects is about how sexual selection functions in insects. The males of some species have evolved exaggerated adornments and mechanisms for self-defense. These traits play a role in increasing male reproductive expectations by triggering male-male competition or influencing the female mate choice, and can be thought of as functioning on three different levels: individuals, colonies, and populations within an area. The amount of space accessible and the time both male and female usually determines the site of copulation. Many hymenopteran males constantly fly around specific
21919318
Social groups in male and female prisons in the United States


in which he compared the experiences of female inmates to those of the males. He found that women were significantly more likely to identify as having a close group of friends; 70% of female respondents said that they had one to five good friends, as compared to 49% of males. Tittle conjectures that these findings indicate that under comparable circumstances, women are more likely to form 'primary group affiliations' while men are more likely to integrate into the overall social organization. He states that male inmate social groups tend to
9987224
Dactyloidae


enlarged post-cloacal scales in males. The males of many species are overall more brightly colored, while females are duller, more cryptic, and sometimes their upperparts have striped or lined patterns that serve to break up the outline of the anole. In general, the juvenile colors and pattern resemble those of the adult female. The dewlap tends to be more colorful in males, with clear differences being common among anoles of the mainland of the Americas and comparatively rarer in the Caribbean species. Anoles are highly territorial, and will
15340402
Biology and sexual orientation


early programming of the neural mechanisms which underlie homosexuality, developing from the observation that approximately 8% of domestic rams are sexually attracted to other rams (male-oriented) when compared to the majority of rams which are female-oriented. In many species, a prominent feature of sexual differentiation is the presence of a sexually dimorphic nucleus (SDN) in the preoptic hypothalamus, which is larger in males than in females. Roselli et al. discovered an ovine SDN (oSDN) in the preoptic hypothalamus that is smaller in male
6589219
Polyandry in nature


In behavioral ecology, polyandry is a class of mating system where one female mates with several males in a breeding season. Polyandry is often compared to the polygyny system based on the cost and benefits incurred by members of each sex. Polygyny is where one male mates with several females in a breeding season (e.g., lions, deer, some primates, and many systems where there is an alpha male). A common example of polyandrous mating can be found in the field cricket ("Gryllus bimaculatus") of the invertebrate
9789207
Maureen Cain


behavioural offences were more likely to be incarcerated than their male counterparts. These equity findings bring up many political and academic questions as to why and how the world we live in can be equalised. We (Criminologists) cannot explain why the treatment and punishment is the way it is. Lastly men and women, boys and girls are treated as categories. They are measuring the social construction of gender rather than the issue of sex differences. Female Criminality b) Early female criminology information was found based on self-report surveys
11614309
Urinal


. When Marikina Mayor Bayani Fernando was appointed chair of the Metropolitan Manila Development Authority, he installed street urinals in the rest of Metro Manila as well. In the Western world, women/girls are generally taught to sit or squat while urinating. Many therefore do not know how – or even that it is possible – for a female to aim her urine stream as would be required to use a male urinal. Thus, several different types of urinals have been designed for females that do not require the user to aim her
13504092
Jody Miller (criminologist)


gang members. There is a serious attempt here, in the author's words, 'to expand feminist accounts of female offenders by providing a nuanced portrayal of the complex gender experiences of girls in gangs.' The quote from Klein illustrates how feminist advocates have been trying to answer why there is such a research gap between studies on male gangs and members compared to female gangs and members. There is little to no research about females in this category of feminist theory; Dr. Miller's research is an attempt to fill the empty
2031902
Pakri pakohi


is 835. All the households are rural households. Female to male ratio of Pakahi Khas is 91.16% compared to the Bihar's female to male ratio 91.93%. The literacy rate of the village is 41.29% compared to the literacy rate of state 47%. The literacy rate of the village is less than state literacy rate. The rate of literacy is very low and needs immediate attention of Union and State Government. The female literacy rate is 31.02% compared to male literacy rate of 50.44%. The total working
1063308
Gender inequality in the United States


still earned more graduate degrees among higher-paying disciplines, such as in business (54.9% male compared to 45.1% female), engineering, (75.3% male compared to 24.7% female) and mathematics and computer science (68.5% male compared to 31.5% female). Women have recently surpassed men in the ratio of students enrolled in colleges around the nation. In 2017, women were awarded a majority of doctoral degrees, at 53%, for the ninth year in a row. With striking progress from the
2261813
Bateman's principle


whereas a female's potential reproductive success is limited by how many eggs she can produce. According to Bateman's principle, this results in sexual selection, in which males compete with each other, and females become choosy in which males to mate with. Thus, as a result of being anisogamous, males are fundamentally promiscuous, and females are fundamentally selective. Bateman initially published his review in 1948. He was a botanist, contributing to the literature of sexual selection only once in his lifetime. Bateman initially saw his study on
12011597
Dominance hierarchy


survival of offspring when compared to high-ranking individuals. Subordinate males have far less copulations with females compared to the high-ranking males. In African wild dogs which live in social packs separated into male and female hierarchies, top ranking alpha females have been observed to produce 76-81% of all litters. Female-biased dominance occurs rarely in mammals. It occurs when all adult males exhibit submissive behavior to adult females in social settings. These social settings are usually related to feeding, grooming, and sleeping site priority
5710089
Inaccessible Island rail


c. 1.5 million years ago. The Inaccessible Island rail is the smallest living flightless bird in the world, measuring . Males are larger and heavier than females, weighing , average , compared to , average , in females. It is dark chestnut-brown above and dark grey on the head and below, with degraded white barring on the flanks and belly, and adults have a red eye. The female is similar to the male but with paler grey and a faint brown wash on the underparts. It has a black bill
17713548
Virginia opossum


season, the male attracts the female by making clicking sounds with his mouth. Like all female marsupials, the females reproductive system is bifid: with two lateral vaginae, uteri, and ovaries, and the small (comparable to a dime at birth) young are delivered through a birth canal known as the median vagina that forms shortly before birth. The male's penis is also bifid, with two heads, and as is common in New World marsupials, the sperm pair up in the testes and only separate as they come
2744843
Lee County, Kentucky


age 65 or over. Of 3,142 counties in the United States in 2013, Lee County ranked #3,111 for the life expectancy of males and 2,989 for longevity of females. Males in Lee County lived an average of 68.5 years and females lived an average of 76.7 years compared to the national average for life expectancy of 76.5 for males and 81.2 for females. Moreover, the average life expectancy in Lee Country was stable for males and declined by 1.5 years for females between 1985 and 2013, compared to a national average for the
11193120
Clay County, Kentucky


United States in 2013, Clay County ranked 3,137 in the longevity of female residents and 3,109 in the longevity of male residents. Males in Clay County lived an average of 68.6 years and females lived an average of 73.6 years compared to the national average for longevity of 76.5 for males and 81.2 for females. Moreover, the average longevity in Clay County declined by 0.4 years for males and 3.4 years for females between 1985 and 2013 compared to a national average for the same period of an increased life span of 5.5 years for men
12636191
Nephila pilipes


. Also, because female "N. pilipes" spiders often do not remain on their webs during sexual maturity, the smaller and more agile male spiders were able to reach them first, compared to the slower, larger males which often waited at the web of the female in advantageous spots. This explanation means that smaller males had a greater fitness due to the behavior of the female spider to move around in maturity as compared to that of larger males who did not move as much and often copulated with females in their webs after
5889420
Nude (art)


the image of the female nude. She considers how the image of the female nude was created and how the feminist art history movement attempted to change the way the image of the female nude was represented. Derived from the Renaissance ideal of feminine beauty, the image of the female body was created by men and for a male audience. In paintings like Gustave Courbet's," The Origin of the World," and Francois Boucher's, "Reclining Girl", women are expressed with open legs. This symbol implies that
20963695
East Godavari district


East Godavari has a sex ratio of 1005 females for every 1000 males, and a literacy rate of 71.35%. East Godavari district has a total population of 51,51,549; 25,69,419 and 25,82,130 male and female respectively. There was a change of 5.10 percent in the population compared to population as per 2001 census. The census data states a density of 477 in 2011 compared to 454 in 2001. Average literacy rate of East Godavari in 2011 was 71.35% compared to 65.48% in 2001. On a gender basis, male and female
10385036
Female labor force in the Muslim world


, Turkey's female to male laborer ratio is far lower than Iran's, 0.35 to 0.44. Similarly, Syria's ratio is barely smaller than Egypt's (0.27 as compared to 0.30) whereas Egypt's female population has twice the percentage size of formal economic workers as Syria's female labor force. These ratios are compiled and published by the World Economic Forum. The median annual income for female workers in the United States was $36,931 in 2010. The Forum did not, however, list this information for Afghanistan,
12739245
Sex differences in human physiology


is the major active hormone in male development while estrogen is the dominant female hormone. These hormones are not, however, limited to each sex. Both males and females have both testosterone and estrogen. Females live longer than males in most countries around the world. One possible explanation is the generally more risky behavior engaged in by males. More males than females die young because of war, criminal activity, and accidents. However, the gap between males and females is decreasing in many developed countries as more women take up unhealthy
14288089
Proteomics


gland proteins (Acps) and reproductive proteins that mated female planthoppers received from male planthoppers, researchers conducted a comparative proteomic analysis of mated "N. lugens" females. The results indicated that these proteins participate in the reproductive process of "N. lugens" adult females and males. Proteome analysis of "Arabidopsis peroxisomes" has been established as the major unbiased approach for identifying new peroxisomal proteins on a large scale. There are many approaches to characterizing the human proteome, which is estimated to contain between 20,000 and 25,000 non-redundant proteins
10524256
Sexuality in music videos


% of females. Additionally, only .74% of males danced suggestively in their videos compared to 26.80% of females. The study examines the distinction between the prominence and depiction of male and female gender portrayals within the music videos of the 1990s. Music remained integral to cultural life in the 2000s, while not many new genres were created during this time other than a few indie-related and electronic genres. Teen Pop carried a heavy influence over from the 90s into the first part of the decade. Artists such as Britney
8855420
Lek paradox


The lek paradox is the conundrum of how additive or beneficial genetic variation is maintained in lek mating species, in the face of consistent female preferences, sexual selection. While many studies have attempted to explain how the lek paradox fits into Darwinian theory, the paradox remains. Persistent female choice for particular male trait values should erode genetic diversity in male traits and thereby remove the benefits of choice, yet choice persists. This paradox can be somewhat alleviated by the occurrence of mutations introducing potential differences, as well as the possibility that traits
7179183
Women in government


"many female politicians report being born into political families with weak gender-role norms." Women running for U.S senate are often underrepresented in news coverage. The way male and females are depicted in media has an effect of how female's candidates gets elected in to public office. Female candidates get treated differently in the media then their male counterparts in the U.S senate elections, Women receive less news coverage also the coverage they do receive concentrates more on their viability and less on their issue positions, causes female candidates to be
7183019