who designed the orbit at the olympic park
ArcelorMittal Orbit


whole Olympic Park from two observation platforms. "Orbit" was designed by Turner-Prize winning artist Sir Anish Kapoor and Cecil Balmond of Arup Group, an engineering firm. Announced on 31 March 2010, it was expected to be completed by December 2011. The project came about after Mayor of London Boris Johnson and Olympics Minister Tessa Jowell decided in 2008 that the Olympic Park needed "something extra". Designers were asked for ideas for an "Olympic tower" at least high: "Orbit" was the unanimous choice from
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ArcelorMittal Orbit


" or "almost as tall as" the Great Pyramid of Giza in Egypt, the ancient tomb of the Pharaoh Khufu. Big Ben is tall, Nelson's Column is tall, including statue and column. The Giza Pyramid was thought to have been constructed as 280 Egyptian cubits or tall, although with erosion it has reduced in height by nearly 10 metres. "Orbit" is located in the southern area of the Olympic Park, between Olympic Stadium and the Aquatics Centre. After the March 2010 confirmation of the winning design
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ArcelorMittal Orbit


abseil down the tower, introduced in 2014. According to London mayor Boris Johnson, in around October 2008 he and Tessa Jowell decided that the site in Stratford, London that was to become the Olympic Park for the 2012 Olympics needed "something extra" to "distinguish the East London skyline", and "arouse the curiosity and wonder of Londoners and visitors". A design competition held in 2009 called for designs for an "Olympic tower". It received about 50 submissions. Johnson has said that his early concept for
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ArcelorMittal Orbit


The ArcelorMittal "Orbit (often referred to as the Orbit Tower or its original name, Orbit") is a 114.5-metre-high sculpture and observation tower in the Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park in Stratford, London. It is Britain's largest piece of public art, and is intended to be a permanent lasting legacy of London's hosting of the 2012 Summer Olympic and Paralympic Games, assisting in the post-Olympics regeneration of the Stratford area. Sited between the Olympic Stadium and the Aquatics Centre, it allows visitors to view the
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Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park


Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park, in London, England, United Kingdom, is a sporting complex in Stratford. It was built for the 2012 Summer Olympics and the Paralympics, situated to the east of the city adjacent to the Stratford City development. It contains the athletes' Olympic Village and several of the sporting venues including the London Stadium and London Aquatics Centre, besides the London Olympics Media Centre. The park is overlooked by the ArcelorMittal Orbit, an observation tower and Britain's largest piece of public art. It was simply called
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ArcelorMittal Orbit


£7 for children. The tower does not include a dining area, however there is a cafe, shop and other facilities at the South Park Hub building, which opened in April 2014. The ambition is that the sculpture, as well as being a focal point for the Olympic Park during the Games, will form part of the wider Stratford regeneration plans, which aim to turn the Olympic site into a permanent tourist destination after the Games. Tessa Jowell said "Orbit" will be "like to honey to bees for
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Omarska camp


claim to the ArcelorMittal Orbit tower, the tallest structure in Britain, located in the Olympic Park beside the Olympic stadium, as the 'Omarska Memorial in Exile'. The survivors allege that the Orbit is "tragically intertwined with the history of war crimes in Bosnia, as the bones of victims are mixed in with the iron ore". ArcelorMittal denied that material from Omarska had been used in the Orbit's construction. The company said that sensitive issues relating to the mine could not be addressed by ArcelorMittal on its own.
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Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park


Olympic Park during the Games but was later renamed to commemorate the Diamond Jubilee of Queen Elizabeth II (though it is not an official Royal Park of London). The park occupies an area straddling four east London boroughs; Newham, Tower Hamlets, Hackney and Waltham Forest. Part of the park reopened in July 2013, while a large majority of the rest (including the Aquatics Centre, Velopark and Orbit observation tower) reopened in April 2014. The site covers parts of Stratford, Bow, Leyton, and Hackney Wick in
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Olympic Park railway station, Sydney


Olympic Park railway station is located on the Olympic Park line, serving the Sydney suburb of Sydney Olympic Park. It is served by Sydney Trains T7 Olympic Park Line services. Olympic Park station was designed to support large crowds travelling to and from the stadiums and sports grounds built for the 2000 Summer Olympics. The station and sports facilities were retained after the games. The design of the station by Hassell has been critically acclaimed by many. It has won the 1998 BHP Colorbond Award for innovative use of steel architecture, and the
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Anish Kapoor


celestial and earthly, holy and profane". Also in June, Kapoor's "Orbit" was announced as the winning proposal for an artwork for the 2012 Olympic Games. The Greater London Authority selected Kapoor's sculpture from a shortlist of five artists as the permanent artwork for the Olympic Park. At 115 metres tall, "Orbit" is the tallest sculpture in the UK. A granite monument, a memorial garden, is to commemorate the British victims of 9/11 in New York's Hanover Square. When asked if engagement with
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ArcelorMittal Orbit


were understood to be five artists being considered, including Antony Gormley. Early designs reportedly included 'Transmission' by Paul Fryer, a high structure "resembling a cross between a pylon and a native American totem pole", according to "The Times". A spokesman for Johnson would only confirm that he was "keen to see stunning, ambitious, world-class art in the Olympic Park", and that work on commissioning the project was at an early stage. Mittal's involvement came about after a chance meeting with
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S2o design and engineering


S2o Design and Engineering were the detailed designers of the London 2012 whitewater venue. The selection of this team to design the Olympic venue was unique because the designer was a former Olympic competitor ('92, '96, '00) who started a firm to design whitewater parks after receiving a degree in Engineering. The company was started in 2003 by Scott Shipley. Scott Shipley is a registered professional engineer who was formerly a World Cup Slalom Champion and World Silver Medalist in both freestyle kayaking and slalom kayaking. S2o Design and
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Proton-M


the payload fairing crash into designated crash sites; the third stage crashes into the ocean. After the third stage separates, the orbital unit coasts for a brief period, then Briz-M performs its first firing to achieve orbital injection into a parking orbit with 51.5° inclination, at 170 km to 230 km altitude (the Mission Planner's Guide also mentions 64.8° and 72.6° as standard inclinations for the parking orbit). Subsequently, the Briz-M performs orbital maneuvers to place the payload into either its final orbit
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ArcelorMittal Orbit


with £16 million coming from Britain's then-richest man, the steel tycoon Lakshmi Mittal, Chairman of the ArcelorMittal steel company, and the balance of £3.1 million coming from the London Development Agency. The name "ArcelorMittal Orbit" combines the name of Mittal's company, as chief sponsor, with "Orbit", the original working title for Kapoor and Balmond's design. The ArcelorMittal "Orbit" temporarily closed after the 2012 Olympic and Paralympic Games while the South Plaza (in which "Orbit" is positioned
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Kalaloch, Washington


President Roosevelt added to the park. President Harry S. Truman added of coastal wilderness to the Park in 1953, including the Kalaloch area. In 1976 the Olympic National Park was designated as an International Biosphere Reserve. The National Park Service purchased the Becker property in 1978 and renamed it Kalaloch Lodge. Olympic National Park was designated in 1981 as a World Heritage Site. In 1988, Congress approved the designation of 95 percent of the park as the Olympic Wilderness. Kalaloch weather is influenced by prevailing Pacific winds and two temperate rain forests
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Culture of the United Kingdom


best known London buildings are probably Lloyd's Building and the Millennium Dome, while Foster created the 'Gherkin' and the City Hall. The Turner Prize winning artist Sir Anish Kapoor is an acclaimed contemporary British sculptors. A notable design is his ArcelorMittal Orbit sculpture at the Olympic Park in London. Described by "The Guardian" as the 'Queen of the curve', Zaha Hadid liberated architectural geometry with the creation of highly expressive, sweeping fluid forms of multiple perspective points and fragmented geometry that evoke the chaos and flux of
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Olympic Sculpture Park


The Olympic Sculpture Park, created and operated by the Seattle Art Museum, is a park, free and open to the public, in Seattle, Washington that opened on January 20, 2007. The park consists of a outdoor sculpture museum and beach. The park's lead designer was Weiss/Manfredi Architects, who collaborated with Charles Anderson Landscape Architecture, Magnusson Klemencic Associates and other consultants. It is situated at the northern end of the Seattle seawall and the southern end of Myrtle Edwards Park. The former industrial site was occupied
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Centennial Olympic Park


industrial buildings. ACOG's chief executive, Billy Payne, conceived it as both a central gathering location for visitors and spectators during the Olympics and as a lasting legacy for the city. With the park being the showcase to the world during the Olympics, ACOG decided to hold a design competition to lay out and build the park. Architect EDAW, with the joint construction team of Beers/Russell, were selected to design and build the park by the Georgia World Congress Center Authority. Centennial Olympic Park was constructed in two phases
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2000 Summer Olympics cauldron


The 2000 Summer Olympics cauldron is a heritage-listed former Olympic flame holder and now fountain at Cathy Freeman Park, near the corner of Olympic Boulevard and the Grand Parade, Sydney Olympic Park, Cumberland Council, New South Wales, Australia. It was originally designed by Michael-Scott Mitchell for the 2000 Summer Olympics with the design of the re-presentation in Cathy Freeman Park by Tzannes Associates. It was built from 2000 to 2010 by Engineers Tierney and Partners with the assistance of LUSAS Civil and Structural. It is also
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Cecil Balmond


2006) and a $400m mixed-use development in Asia. The Orbit The ArcelorMittal Orbit is designed by Balmond and Anish Kapoor. It is a 120m high sculpture designed for the 2012 Olympics in Stratford, London. Balmond also collaborated with Kapoor on Marsyas a sculpture which was displayed in Tate Modern Turbine Hall (2002), and also co-designed the "Tees Valley Giants" art installations with Kapoor. Other key works by Balmond include a radical masterplan for Battersea Power Station (2006) and the Victoria
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ArcelorMittal Orbit


a counterweight collar around its neck designed to offset the weight of its head, a two-storey dining and viewing gallery". According to the BBC, the design incorporates the five Olympic rings. Upon its launch Johnson said "It would have boggled the minds of the Romans. It would have boggled Gustave Eiffel." Nicholas Serota, a member of the design panel, said that "Orbit" was a tower with an interesting twist, with "the energy you might traditionally associate with this type of structure but in
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ArcelorMittal Orbit


structural design and the building services including the lighting displayed extensively during the Olympic games. Architectural input by Kathryn Findlay (Ushida Findlay Architects, as a sub-consultant to Arup) made the sculpture into a functional building, for example designing the staircase. The organic design of "Orbit" demanded an extraordinary amount of structural engineering work. This was done by Arup, which reported that it took up two-thirds of the budget for the project (twice the percentage normally allotted to structural engineering in a building project).
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1972 Summer Olympics


dachshund "Waldi", was the first officially named Olympic mascot. The Olympic Fanfare was composed by Herbert Rehbein. The Olympic Park ("Olympiapark") is based on Frei Otto's plans and after the Games became a Munich landmark. The competition sites, designed by architect Günther Behnisch, included the Olympic swimming hall, the Olympics Hall ("Olympiahalle", a multipurpose facility) and the Olympic Stadium ("Olympiastadion"), and an Olympic village very close to the park. The design of the stadium was
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Homebush Street Circuit


). Jamie Whincup secured winning the 2009 V8 Supercar Championship Series after finishing fifth in race 1 and fourteenth in race 2. The conversion of part of the Sydney Olympic Park precinct into a V8 street-car race circuit was widely criticised. The Total Environment Centre said that the New South Wales Government overrode the threatened species law, as well as the Homebush Bay Authority's planning principals, and would cause social, environmental and economic disruption at Sydney Olympic Park. Tony McCormick, who led the team that designed Sydney Olympic Park
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Mt. Van Hoevenberg Olympic Bobsled Run


was listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The bobsled track was built in 1930. According to the National Park Service: Carved out of wilderness and surrounded by forested land on all sides, the one and one-half mile long Olympic Bobsled Run was constructed in 1930 and built specifically for the 1932 Winter Olympic Games. The course was designed by Stanislaus Sentzytsky, a renowned German course designer, who designed a course that was radically different from its European counterparts. The Lake Placid course was longer, steeper, and
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2012 Summer Olympic development


services, services connecting peripheral park-and-ride sites on the M25 with the Olympic Park and Ebbsfleet, and a nationwide network of express coaches to the Olympic Park and the Weymouth and Portland sailing venue. The services will require around 900 vehicles in total, although some will be sub-contracted. TfL have published information to encourage cycling as a mode of transport during the Games. Cyclists, like motorists, are not permitted to ride in the designated Olympic Lanes on London streets. Some designated cycle paths such as the
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Olympic National Park


on June 29, 1938. In 1976, Olympic National Park was designated by UNESCO as an International Biosphere Reserve, and in 1981 as a World Heritage Site. In 1988, Congress designated 95 percent of the park as the Olympic Wilderness. The coastal portion of the park is a rugged, sandy beach along with a strip of adjacent forest. It is long but just a few miles wide, with native communities at the mouths of two rivers. The Hoh River has the Hoh people and at the town of La Push
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Sochi Olympic Park


, the international broadcasting centre, and other amenities. The park was designed so that all of the venues would be accessible within walking distance of each other. The venues are situated around a water basin containing a fountain known as "The Waters of the Olympic Park"; designed by California-based WET (which also designed the cauldron for the 2002 Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City), the fountain measures 5.3 meters in diameter with a capacity of about 700,000 gallons of water, featuring more than 250 nozzles and jet systems
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Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park


boroughs covering the park as such have a neighbourhood except for Waltham Forest. The park was designed by the EDAW Consortium (including EDAW, Allies and Morrison and Buro Happold), working with Arup and WS Atkins. Detailed landscape architecture was by LDA Design in conjunction with Hargreaves Associates. LDA design contracted Wallace Whittle to carry out various aspects of the M+E Building services design. The NHBC carried out the Sustainability assessments. The park was illuminated with a lighting scheme designed by Speirs + Major. London's Olympic and Paralympic bid proposed
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Olympic Park, Seoul


Seoul Olympic Park, shortened to Olpark, is an Olympic Park built to host the 1988 Summer Olympics. It is located in Songpa-gu, Bangi-dong. The two nearest subway stations are Mongchontoseong and Olympic Park. Built between December 31, 1986 and August 31, 1988, it was designed by the architect Kim Chung-up to celebrate the spirit of the Seoul Olympic Games (peace and harmony) and also to symbolize the ability of the Korean people. Alongside the pillars there are structures similar to wings,
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ArcelorMittal Orbit


's 114.5 metre height, the nearby Olympic Stadium is high. According to the Greater London Authority, the observation platform offers "unparalleled views of the entire of the Olympic Park and London's skyline". According to "The Independent", visitors should take the elevator to the top and descend the 455-step staircase; this should allow them to appreciate the views around which Anish Kapoor arranged the sculpture. It is expected to cope with 700 visitors per hour. During the Olympic Games the entrance fee was £15 for adults and
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Sydney International Archery Park


The Sydney International Archery Park was specially designed for archery during the 2000 Summer Olympics. The stadium is located in Sydney Olympic Park. It was designed by Stutchbury and Pape. The Archery Centre is located opposite the Waterfront Apartments on Bennelong Parkway, and is about 3 km from Sydney Olympic Park town centre. The venue hosts a wide range of events, such as school holiday programs for kids, beginners' courses, school programs, casual archers and professional coaching. There are facilities available for corporate team building, as well as
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Olympic Forest Park


The Olympic Forest Park is a large, man-made nature park situated at the north end of the Olympic Green in Beijing. Built for the 2008 Beijing Olympics, the park has two parts: the southern part is oval in shape and features Aohai lake in the center, and the northern side has a mountain that gives an excellent view of this part of the city. The northern part is outside of the 5th Ring Road. The park was designed by Hu Jie. The park features many walking paths and a jogging
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Mars 2MV-3 No.1


the Blok L upper stage igniting, leaving the spacecraft in its parking orbit. It decayed from orbit the next day. However, some debris remained in orbit until 27 December, and the upper stage ullage motor platform remained in orbit until 19 January 1963. The designations Sputnik 31, and later Sputnik 24, were used by the United States Naval Space Command to identify the spacecraft in its Satellite Situation Summary documents, since the Soviet Union did not release the internal designations of its spacecraft at that time, and had not assigned
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Astro Orbiter


two passengers who circled round and round, 60 feet above the ground, while controlling their ascent and descent with a metal control stick. On January 10, 1994, the original Star Jets closed in order to undergo a complete makeover as part of the New Tomorrowland. The attraction was re-designed and re-opened on April 30, 1994, as the Astro Orbiter, part of the complete renovation of the park's Tomorrowland section. The attraction featured a highly stylized iron-work tower in lieu of the center rocket
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Croydon Park, New South Wales


-listed. There is no railway station at Croydon Park, but it is well serviced by buses to neighbouring stations at Ashfield, Campsie and Burwood. The 413 is the most significant service connecting to both the city and Campsie. The 400 is also a major orbital bus route travelling from Burwood to Bondi Junction via Croydon Park, Campsie, Rockdale, Sydney Airport and Eastgardens. Other services include: There is also a cycleway along the Cooks River connecting Olympic Park at Homebush with Botany Bay. There are two primary schools in
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Venues of the 2002 Winter Olympics


events were sold, allowing 53,056 spectators to witness events in the oval. The Utah Olympic Park is located east of downtown Salt Lake City, near Park City, Utah. Like the Utah Olympic Oval and Soldier Hollow, the park was designed and built under the supervision of SLOC. The 1989 Olympic referendum, which was passed by Utahns, allowed for tax payer money to fund a winter sports park, that would be used if Salt Lake City won their bids for the 1998 or 2002 Winter Olympics. In 1990 the Utah
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Utah Olympic Park


ziplines, and a mountain coaster. Like the Utah Olympic Oval and Soldier Hollow, the park was designed and built specifically for the Olympic games, under the supervision of the Salt Lake Organizing Committee (SLOC). The 1989 Olympic referendum, which was passed by Utahns, allowed for tax payer money to fund a winter sports park, which would be used if Salt Lake City won its bid for either the 1998 or 2002 Winter Olympics; Olympic funds and revenue would then be used to repay the state. In 1990 the
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Kosmos (satellite)


satellites, anti-satellite weapons and their targets, navigation satellites and technology demonstrators. Some scientific spacecraft such as Dnepropetrovsk Sputnik, Bion and Meteor satellites were also given Kosmos designations. The designation is given only to satellites which are in Earth orbit. Typically, Soviet Lunar and planetary missions were initially put into a low Earth parking orbit along with an upper stage, which would later burn for around four minutes to place the spacecraft into a cislunar or a heliocentric orbit. If the engine misfired or the burn was not completed,
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Luna 19


lunar rovers and the sample collectors. For these orbiters, designated Ye-8LS, the basic “lander stage” was topped off by a wheelless Lunokhod-like frame that housed all scientific instrumentation in a pressurized container. "Luna 19" was launched into an earth parking orbit on 28 September, and, from this orbit, was sent toward the Moon. "Luna 19" entered an orbit around the Moon on 2 October 1971 after two midcourse corrections on 29 September and 1 October. Initial orbital parameters were 140 x 140 kilometers
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Kosmos 482


in Earth orbit and given a Kosmos designation. Kosmos 482 was launched by a Molniya booster on March 31, 1972, four days after the Venera 8 atmospheric probe and may have been similar in design and mission plan. After achieving an Earth parking orbit, the spacecraft made an apparent attempt to launch into a Venus transfer trajectory. It separated into four pieces, two of which remained in low Earth orbit and decayed within 48 hours into south New Zealand (known as the "Ashburton balls incident"), and two pieces
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2012 Summer Olympics and Paralympics cauldron


controversial decision, as it meant that visitors to the Olympic Park to watch the other sports were denied the customary view of the flame over the stadium. The cauldron was therefore shown on video screens around the Olympic Park. In June 2013, New York design studio Atopia claimed that the design was identical to something they had presented to the London Olympic committee (LOCOG) in 2007; they stated they had not raised this earlier because of the restrictive non-disclosure agreement all companies had signed. Heatherwick denied that he had been
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Lunar Orbiter 1


The Lunar Orbiter 1 robotic spacecraft, part of NASA's Lunar Orbiter program, was the first American spacecraft to orbit the Moon. It was designed primarily to photograph smooth areas of the lunar surface for selection and verification of safe landing sites for the Surveyor and Apollo missions. It was also equipped to collect selenodetic, radiation intensity, and micrometeoroid impact data. Mission controllers injected the spacecraft into a parking orbit around Earth on August 10, 1966, at 19:31 UTC. The trans-lunar injection burn occurred at 20:04 UTC.
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Homebush Bay


connecting Olympic Park to Lidcombe railway station. On the eastern shore, Rhodes railway station is on the North Shore, Northern & Western Line. Sydney Ferries' Parramatta River ferry services run to the Sydney Olympic Park ferry wharf on the bay. Originally designed to service Sydney Olympic Park, the wharf now mainly serves the residents of Wentworth Point. Sydney Buses run a number of regular bus services to the area around the bay, as well as special services for sporting events, concerts and other major events at the Sydney Olympic Park
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Olympic National Park


Olympic National Park is an American national park located in the State of Washington, on the Olympic Peninsula. The park has four regions: the Pacific coastline, alpine areas, the west side temperate rainforest and the forests of the drier east side. Within the park there are three distinct ecosystems which are subalpine forest and wildflower meadow, temperate forest, and the rugged Pacific coast. President Theodore Roosevelt originally designated Mount Olympus National Monument on 2 March 1909. The monument was redesignated as a national park by Congress and President Franklin Roosevelt
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Olympiapark (Munich)


The Olympiapark München (English: Olympic Park Munich) in Munich, Germany, is an Olympic Park which was constructed for the 1972 Summer Olympics. Located in the Oberwiesenfeld neighborhood of Munich, the Park continues to serve as a venue for cultural, social, and religious events, such as events of worship. It includes a contemporary carillon. The Park is administered by Olympiapark München GmbH, a holding company fully owned by the state capital of Munich. The use of the term "Olympiapark" to designate the overall area has
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Concerns and controversies at the 2008 Summer Olympics


late April, Chinese Internet censors, who had previously permitted posts critical of non-Chinese, began blocking words such as "Carrefour", in what was seen as an attempt to calm tensions before the games. Liu Shaowu announced on 23 July that the Public Security Bureau would issue permits for protesting in protest zones during the Olympics. The three designated locations were Purple Bamboo Park, Temple of the Sun, and Beijing World Park. On 18 August it was reported that of 77 applications, 74 were withdrawn, two suspended
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Hoberman Arch


The Hoberman Arch was the centerpiece of the Olympic Medals Plaza in downtown Salt Lake City during the 2002 Winter Olympics. Following the Olympics the arch was moved to the Salt Lake 2002 Olympic Cauldron Park where, along with the Olympic cauldron, it was one of the main highlights and an important part of Salt Lake's Olympic legacy. In August 2014 the arch was removed from the park and a new public display location is currently being planned. The arch was designed by Chuck Hoberman to be used as a mechanical curtain for the
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Rio Olympic Velodrome


to UCI standards was seen as equally as expensive as building a completely new venue, and thus it was decided that the Barra Velodrome was to be demolished in favour of building a new one at a different site in the park. After the Barra Velodrome was demolished, work on the Rio Olympic Velodrome began, with British firm 3D Reid, who designed the Commonwealth Arena and Sir Chris Hoy Velodrome for the 2014 Commonwealth Games, was chosen alongside Rio de Janeiro-based firm BLAC Architects to help advise design development of the Velodrome
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Anish Kapoor


Turbine Hall at Tate Modern. His notable public sculptures include "Cloud Gate" (colloquially known as "the Bean") in Chicago's Millennium Park; "Sky Mirror", exhibited at the Rockefeller Center in New York City in 2006 and Kensington Gardens in London in 2010; "Temenos", at Middlehaven, Middlesbrough; "Leviathan", at the Grand Palais in Paris in 2011; and "ArcelorMittal Orbit", commissioned as a permanent artwork for London's Olympic Park and completed in 2012. In 2017 Kapoor
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Parking orbit


A parking orbit is a temporary orbit used during the launch of a satellite or other space probe. A launch vehicle boosts into the parking orbit, then coasts for a while, then fires again to enter the final desired trajectory. The alternative to a parking orbit is "direct injection", where the rocket fires continuously (except during staging) until its fuel is exhausted, ending with the payload on the final trajectory. There are several reasons why a parking orbit may be used. Geostationary spacecraft require an orbit in the
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Salt Lake 2002 Olympic Cauldron Park


of each panel describes the Olympic highlights and events of its particular day, while the exterior sides bear the same images that were wrapped on buildings in downtown Salt Lake City during the Games. The park contains the cauldron that was lit during the duration of the Games. The Cauldron was designed with the official 2002 Olympic motto "Light the Fire Within" and the "Fire and Ice" theme in mind. It was designed to look like an icicle, and was made of glass which allowed the fire to be seen burning
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Helene-Mayer-Ring


The Helene-Mayer-Ring is a street in the Olympic Village of the Olympic Park Munich in Munich, Germany. The Helene-Mayer-Ring is named after the Olympic fencing champion Helene Mayer. The road is accessible to pedestrians on the surface and underground for motorists. The Helene-Mayer-Ring is the shopping street of the village with 36 shops, designed and occupied by the Olywelt eG u.a. who became engaged through buying stores. At the Helene-Mayer-Ring 4, stands the 88-meter-high
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Galileo (spacecraft)


man-made satellite of Jupiter at 01:16 UTC on December 8, 1995, after it fired its main engine to enter a 198-day parking orbit. "Galileo" prime mission was a two-year study of the Jovian system. The spacecraft traveled around Jupiter in elongated ellipses, each orbit lasting about two months. The differing distances from Jupiter afforded by these orbits allowed "Galileo" to sample different parts of the planet's extensive magnetosphere. The orbits were designed for close-up flybys of Jupiter's largest moons. Once
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ArcelorMittal Orbit


to concerns from "The Times" that ArcelorMittal's sponsorship and naming of "Orbit" would represent an improper incursion of corporate branding into public life, Johnson stated that Olympic rules mean that it cannot carry any corporate branding during the games. Felicity Carus of "The Guardian's" environment blog questioned whether ArcelorMittal's record on carbon emissions was good enough to mean Orbit represented a fitting monument for the 2012 Olympics, billed as a 'world's first sustainable Olympics'. Despite this criticism, it has been included in
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Olympic Sculpture Park


; and the newest installation "Octopus Wrap" (May 11, 2019 to March 8, 2020), by Brazilian artist Regina Silveira. The park has received numerous awards for its design, engineering and environmental restoration. Prior to and during the park’s opening in 2007, the project received positive reviews from many regional and national press sources, and the Olympic Sculpture Park has now become an icon for Seattle. Frommer’s guide calls it “the best thing to happen to Seattle in years.” Each year the Olympic
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Astro Orbiter


along with various planets on the outside of the attraction as to appear as if the rockets were weaving between the planets. The ride at the Magic Kingdom does 11 rotations per minute and averages 1.2 million miles a year. In the 1994-2009 narration for the Tomorrowland Transit Authority, the ride was referenced as the "League of Planets Astro Orbiter." The version prepared for Tokyo Disneyland debuted with the park in April 1983, sharing its name and design with the first Magic Kingdom version. Even though the park does not
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Olympic Peninsula


Olympic National Forest. Within the Olympic National Forest, there are five designated wilderness areas: The Brothers, Buckhorn, Colonel Bob, Mt. Skokomish, and Wonder Mountain. Just off the west coast is the Washington Islands Wilderness. A major effort called the Wild Olympics campaign is under way to protect additional wilderness areas on the Olympic National Peninsula, protect salmon streams under the Wild and Scenic River Act and provide a means for Olympic National Park to offer to buy land adjacent to the Park from willing sellers. Clallam and Jefferson Counties
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Olymp-K


orbit. In a press release on 28 September 2014, Roscosmos referred to the satellite as "Luch". Following its launch, the Olymp-K satellite made several manoeuvres before settling at 18.1° West longitude around 4 April 2015. The satellite was then positioned in an orbit directly between Intelsat 901, which was located at 18° West, and Intelsat 7, located at 18.2° West. It remained in geosynchronous orbit between the satellites for five months. At times, Olymp-K performed colocation manoeuvres, positioning itself
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Utah Olympic Park


September 1992. The majority of the park was designed and engineered by Eckhoff, Watson and Preator Engineering and its joint venture partner, Van Boerum & Frank Associates, all of Salt Lake City. After Salt Lake City lost its bid to host the 1998 Winter Olympics in 1991, the Utah Sports Authority gained permission from the United States Olympic Committee (USOC) to slowdown construction on the park, extending its planned opening date. Four of the park's ski jumps (18, 38, 65 and 90 meters) were completed
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Venues of the 2014 Winter Olympics and Paralympics


The 2014 Winter Olympics and Paralympics venues are divided between two "clusters" located in and around Sochi, Russia. Located in the Adler City District of Sochi, Imeretinsky Valley, on the Black Sea, the Olympic Park houses the main Olympic Stadium used for the Games' ceremonies, and venues for indoor sports such as hockey, figure skating, curling, and speed skating. It also houses training facilities, the Olympic Village, the international broadcasting centre, and other amenities. The park is designed so that all of the
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Sasaki Associates


and in 1964 the Watertown location was renamed Sasaki, Dawnson & DeMay. Sasaki, Dawson and DeMay redesigned Copley Square in 1970. The firm's work includes Christopher Columbus Park (also called the Waterfront Park) and the plaza at the First Church of Christ. Sasaki won an international design competition for the 2008 Beijing Olympics Green. The design included over 1,700 acres of woods and wetlands. Alan Ward was the lead landscape architect. Sasaki principal Dennis Pieprz also wanted the Olympic Green design to be useful in the long-term
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Horse racing in South Korea


from the previous year. To form a link in the chain of the program to make the most of the Olympic facilities, the government designated the KRA as the organization exclusively responsible for providing the Olympic Equestrian Park. Accordingly, the KRA secured of the land in Gwacheon area on the southern outskirts of Seoul, and began its construction in 1984 till 1988. After the Olympics, the Park was converted into racing facilities named Seoul Race Park and the first race was held on September 1, 1989. With the opening of the
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Wild Olympics


The Wild Olympics campaign is an effort to designate additional areas on the Olympic Peninsula as protected. Under a bill introduced by United States Senator Patty Murray in January, 2014, logging on 20% of the Olympic National Forest's lands would be disallowed, and Wild and Scenic River designations would extend to 19 rivers, including those originating in the Olympic National Park, such as the Quinault, Hoh, Elwha, and Hamma Hamma, and some that do not, like the Middle Fork of the Satsop River. Like the Northern
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Richard Jewell


died on August 29, 2007 of heart failure from complications of diabetes at age 44. Jewell was born Richard White in Danville, Georgia, the son of Bobi, an insurance claims co-ordinator, and Robert Earl White, who worked for Chevrolet. Richard's parents divorced when he was four. His mother remarried, to John Jewell, an insurance executive, who adopted Richard. Jewell was married to Dana Jewell. Centennial Olympic Park was designed as the "town square" of the Olympics, and thousands of spectators
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Salt Lake 2002 Olympic Cauldron Park


, although it is lit with various colored lights at night. It is located just outside the park's southern fence and is partly open which allows visitors to walk through it. A large plaque is located in the park, just in front of the arch, and gives details on the arches design and use during the Olympics, including photographs. The arch was removed from the park beginning on August 1, 2014. The park's visitors center is located at the western edge of the park and consists of an art gallery
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Joanna de Tuscan Harding


Joanna Savich de Tuscan Harding (April 30, 1908 – December 26, 2003) was an American Olympic fencer who competed in the 1936 Summer Olympics in Berlin. Born April 30, 1908, in Detroit, Michigan, de Tuscan graduated from Highland Park High School. After high school, she attended an arts and crafts school in Detroit and began designing and selling jewelry. Later she attended the Rhode Island School of Design and studied portrait painting. de Tuscan starting fencing at age 17 while in Detroit after being introduced to Bela
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Basketball Arena (London)


The Basketball Arena for the 2012 Summer Olympics and the 2012 Summer Paralympics was located in the Olympic Park in Stratford, London. The arena was designed to be fully recyclable, and was dismantled pending sale in January 2013. London's Olympic bid proposed that there would be four arenas in the Olympic Park, but the revised masterplan published in 2006 reduced this to three, with the volleyball matches being moved to Earls Court Exhibition Centre. The fencing arena was also cancelled, and the fencing took place at ExCeL. The Basketball Arena had
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Washington (state)


National Wildlife Refuge, as well as three national parks - the Olympic National Park, North Cascades National Park, and Mount Rainier National Park. The three national parks were established between 1899 and 1968. Almost 95% (876,517 acres, 354,714 hectares, 3,547.14 square kilometers) of Olympic National Park's area has been designated as wilderness under the National Wilderness Preservation System. Additionally, there are 143 state parks and 9 national forests, run by the Washington State Park System and the United States Forest Service. The Okanogan National Forest
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Australian International Three Day Event


cross-country course has been designed by Michael Etherington-Smith, who has designed courses for the Olympics in 2000 and 2008 and other CCI***** events, and more recently, by Australian Wayne Copping. The water jumps in Rymill Park are regarded as some of the most challenging in international competition. The final show-jumping phase is held on Sunday in the main arena in Victoria Park. The event also incorporates the Australian stages of the biannual Trans Tasman Championship, which has been staged in Adelaide since
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Makomanai Park


Makomanai Park (真駒内公園) is a city park in Minami-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan. It is home to attractions such as Makomanai Open Stadium, Makomanai Ice Arena and the Sapporo Salmon Museum. It also contains a small gymnasium, restaurant and a shop. The area where the park is now located was the main site of the Sapporo 1972 Winter Olympic Games. The current Makomanai Park was originally the site of a Hokkaido dairy. For the 1972 Winter Olympics it was designated as the main area for the Games
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Venues of the 2014 Winter Olympics and Paralympics


venues are accessible within walking distance of each other. The venues are situated around a water basin containing a fountain known as "The Waters of the Olympic Park"; designed by California-based WET (which also designed the cauldron for the 2002 Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City), the fountain measures 5.3 meters in diameter with a capacity of about 700,000 gallons of water, featuring more than 250 nozzles and jet systems that can create fog and choreographed water displays set to music. The Olympic Village is built in the Olympic
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Wetland conservation


Professional Category | Award of Honor - General Design | Shanghai Houtan Park | ASLA National Awards | Professional Category | Award of Excellent - General Design | The Qinhuangdao Beach Restoration | ASLA National Awards | Professional Category | Award of Honor - General Design | Tianjin Qiaoyuan Park | ASLA National Awards | Professional Category | Award of Honor - General Design | Beijing Olympic Forest Park | ASLA National Awards | Professional Category | Award of Honor - General Design | Lagoon Park in California | ASLA National Awards | Professional Category | Award of Honor -
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Beijing ePrix


and designing the track was done by designer Rodrigo Nunes in close cooperation with the FIA, Formula E, the People's Republic of China Motor Sport Federation, the Olympic Park Committee, the Mayor of Beijing, the Chinese Government, and event organiser China Racing. For the first Beijing ePrix on 13 September 2014 of the first Formula E race was ever the same time, were 75,000 spectators in the Olympic Park to the route. Admission to the event site was free, only the courts in the stands at the start-
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Seoul


is home to the National Assembly, major broadcasting studios, and a number of large office buildings, as well as the Korea Finance Building and the Yoido Full Gospel Church. The Olympic Stadium, Olympic Park, and Lotte World are located in Songpa District, on the south side of the Han River, upstream from Gangnam District. Three new modern landmarks of Seoul are Dongdaemun Design Plaza & Park, designed by Zaha Hadid, the new wave-shaped Seoul City Hall, by Yoo Kerl of iArc, and the Lotte World
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Manned Venus flyby


-IVB, so all spacecraft systems needed to be operational and checked out before leaving the parking orbit around Earth to fly to Venus. Precursors to the Venus flyby would include an initial orbital test flight with an S-IVB 'wet workshop' and basic docking adapter, and a year-long test flight taking the S-IVB to a near-geostationary orbit around the Earth. The mission would measure: The mission would have been implemented in a series of two development flights and one production flight, designated as phases
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American Cancer Society Center


The American Cancer Society Center is a large convention center and office building in downtown Atlanta, adjacent to Centennial Olympic Park. The building contains about , including a partially underground parking garage and loading area. The building, originally called the Inforum Technology Center or Inforum, was designed by the prominent Atlanta architect John Portman, who previously designed the AmericasMart buildings. ACS Center is connected via two indoor pedestrian bridges to the ground abyss of the AmericasMart building 3, across Williams Street to the east. In addition to housing the National Home
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Lee Valley Hockey and Tennis Centre


Lee Valley Hockey and Tennis Centre is located in the north of Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park and is owned and managed by Lee Valley Regional Park Authority. The £30 million Centre was opened in June 2014. It is made up of two outdoor hockey pitches and four indoor and six outdoor tennis courts. It was designed by architects Stanton Williams. Lee Valley Hockey and Tennis Centre is located on a part of Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park known as Eton Manor which during the London 2012 Olympic and Paralympic Games staged the Paralympic Wheelchair Tennis Competition
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Bike paths in Sydney


and returning north up the other side of the canal. This major infrastructure project was proposed as part of the 2000 Olympic games works to link Olympic Park with the Olympic Veledrome at Bankstown and the mountain bike and equestrian centre at Abbotsbury. A rough figure-8 route was designed joining Olympic park with Bass Hill, Abbotsbury, Prospect and Guildford. Works over the years have seen a large portion of the western loop of the route constructed from Bankstown Veledrome to Abbotsbury, Prospect Dam and Guildford. The part of this loop from the velodrome
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Olympic marmot


considered a species of least concern on the IUCN Red List since first being included in 1996. Its range is small, but 90% of its total habitat is protected due to being in Olympic National Park. The park, which holds multiple other endemic species, has been designated a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve and a World Heritage Site. State law declares that the Olympic marmot is a protected wildlife species and cannot be hunted. The species is susceptible to climate change because of their sensitivity to changed habitats. When meadows in Olympic
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History of Los Angeles


Exposition Park but had to travel 3.6 miles to the designated "negro swimming pool." Summer Olympics Los Angeles hosted the 1932 Summer Olympics. The Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum, which had opened in May, 1923 with a seating capacity of 76,000, was enlarged to accommodate over 100,000 spectators for Olympic events. It is still in use by the USC Trojans football team. Olympic Boulevard, a major thoroughfare, honors the occasion. Griffith Park Fire A devastating brush fire on October 3, 1933, killed 29 and injured another 150
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Soldier Hollow


), was completed in July 2004 and supplemented the exiting 36–hole Wasatch Mountain Golf Course (located farther north in the state park). The Soldier Hollow venue was one of only three which was built and designed by the Salt Lake Organizing Committee (SLOC) specifically for the 2002 Winter Olympics; with the others being the Utah Olympic Park and Utah Olympic Oval. The Soldier Hollow location was chosen by SLOC as an Olympic venue in October 1997, over several other possible locations including Sherwood Hills near Logan, Utah. Preliminary work
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Washington Park (Chicago park)


Park and Washington Square Park, Chicago). Located in the park is the DuSable Museum of African American History. This park was the proposed site of the Olympic Stadium and the Olympic swimming venue for Chicago's bid to host the 2016 Summer Olympics. Washington Park was added to the National Register of Historic Places on August 20, 2004. Washington Park was conceived by Paul Cornell, a Chicago real estate magnate who had founded the adjoining town of Hyde Park. Cornell had lobbied the Illinois General Assembly to establish the South Park
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MBM (architecture firm)


The team also wrote, edited, published and lectured, promoting a modernist take on regionalism and designed many schools, libraries, housing projects, offices buildings and churches. MBM did "pioneering" work in transforming Barcelona’s public spaces during the 1980s and earned a worldwide reputation the firm. MBM did design work for the Barcelona Olympics in 1992 including on the city's masterplan. The firm designed the Vila Olímpica, the Olympic Park (Parc del Litoral) and the Olympic Port. Their urban plan expanded the number of public
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Centennial Olympic Park


as the Luckie Marietta District. The Atlanta Streetcar passes along the east side of the park, with a stop for the park on Centennial Olympic Drive. A key feature of the park is the Fountain of Rings interactive fountain which features computer-controlled lights and jets of water synchronized with music played from speakers in light towers surrounding it. It forms a splash pad that was designed for children to frolic in, as well as for concert-goers and joggers to cool off in on hot summer days. It consists of 251
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2002 Winter Olympics


to give the effect of melting ice. The cauldron was designed by WET Design of Los Angeles, its frame built by Arrow Dynamics of Clearfield, Utah, and its glass pieces created by Western Glass of Ogden, Utah. The cauldron's cost was 2 million dollars, and it was unveiled to the public during its original install at Rice-Eccles Stadium (2002 Olympic Stadium) on January 8, 2002. Following the completion of the 2002 Winter Olympics the cauldron was installed at the permanent Salt Lake 2002 Olympic Cauldron Park
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Hackney Marshes


on their sportswear. The dispute was settled with payment of £300,000 going to support local youth sports groups. Part of the London Olympic park for the Summer Olympics of 2012 was built on Hackney Marshes. This caused some controversy with local residents' groups, who expressed concerns that East Marsh was to be tarmacked and used as a disabled coach park for the games. This was a temporary measure. Arena Fields, however, was lost to the Olympic Park and its site will become part of the legacy Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park
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Charles Morris Anderson


Arthur Ross Terrace design in Manhattan, New York and the Olympic Sculpture Park (4), Seattle, WA. The Washington State Chapter of American Society of Landscape Architects inducted Anderson into the Council of Fellows in 2006. Anderson has defined his emerging design theory as “Emo Urbanism.” It is differentiated from other conceptual processes with a focus on art, culture, ecology, and the fourth dimension. He emphasizes authentic landscape—habitat and complete ecosystems—within an ordered human environment. His work on the Olympic Sculpture Park
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Flag of Amsterdam


1928 Summer Olympics held in Amsterdam. Before its official adoption there was also an unofficial use of a flag with the cities coat of arms in the middle of a red-white-black horizontal tricolor. Such a design was already in use in the 17th century, but in Amsterdam history, other designs in the colors red, black and white were also used. Sometimes the three St. Andrew crosses were placed in the white orbit of the red-white-blue Dutch national flag. AFC Ajax, an Amsterdam-based
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Saturn V


this point it was   downrange and in a parking orbit at an altitude of   and velocity of 17,432 mph (7,793 m/s). The third stage remained attached to the spacecraft while it orbited the Earth one and a half times while astronauts and mission controllers prepared for translunar injection (TLI). This parking orbit was quite low by Earth orbit standards, and it would have been short-lived due to aerodynamic drag. This was not a problem on a lunar mission because of the short stay in the parking orbit.
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Robert Jolicoeur


Robert Jolicoeur (born June 15, 1948) is a Canadian Landscape Architect and designer of FEI international equestrian show jumping courses. He is noted for designing the show jumping courses for a number of major equestrian competitions. He was the jumping course designer for the 1976 Olympic games in Montreal, and designed the entire equestrian venue for the 1996 Atlanta Olympics, as well as parts of the Kentucky Horse Park. He is an official international course designer for the FEI, and has also served as a technical delegate for several World Cup
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Homebush Street Circuit


The Homebush Street Circuit, also known as the Sydney Olympic Park Street Circuit, was a temporary street circuit around the former Olympic precinct at Sydney Olympic Park, Homebush Bay, Australia. The track hosted the Sydney 500 and was used for the first time at the final round of the 2009 V8 Supercar Championship Series. The circuit was used for the final time in December 2016 due to a relocation to a Newcastle after it was announced the ANZ stadium precinct would be upgraded and block the track location. The circuit was designed by
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Lee Valley VeloPark


people views of the Olympic Park. The velodrome is energy efficient—rooflights reduce the need for artificial lights, and natural ventilation reduces the need for air condition. Rain water is also collected, which reduces the amount of water used from the municipal water system. Designer Ron Webb, who designed the velodrome tracks for the Sydney and Athens Games, was in charge of the design and installation of the track. The 250-metre track was made with of Siberian Pine and 350,000 nails. The velodrome was officially opened by many successful British
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2012 Summer Paralympics


after stepping on a land mine on duty in Afghanistan, delivered the flame to Olympic Stadium via a zipline from the ArcelorMittal Orbit tower. He passed the flame to long-time British Five-a-side football captain David Clarke, who then passed it to the lighter of the Paralympic cauldron, Margaret Maughan, who was the winner of Britain's first gold medal at the first official Paralympics, in Rome. The closing ceremony was held on 9 September at the Olympic Stadium. Entitled "The Festival of the Flame"
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TPC Harding Park


of San Francisco State University, and surrounded by Lake Merced on its other three sides. The entrance is at Harding Road, which connects to Skyline Boulevard on the east. Harding Park Golf Course opened on July 18, 1925. It is named after President Warren G. Harding, an avid golfer, who had died in office while visiting San Francisco two years earlier. The course covers along the shores of Lake Merced, in the city's southwest corner. Willie Watson and Sam Whiting, who also designed the nearby Olympic Club
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Amanda Park, Washington


Amanda Park is a census designated place on the Olympic Peninsula in Grays Harbor County, Washington, United States, along U.S. Route 101. Olympic National Park and Lake Quinault are directly to the north. As of the 2010 census the population was 252. The community is near the northern border of Grays Harbor County, on the Quinault River at the outlet of Lake Quinault. It is in the northeast corner of the Quinault Indian Nation. U.S. 101 passes through the center of the community, leading northwest to Queets on the Pacific
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Chavasse Park


Chavasse Park is an open space in the city centre of Liverpool, England, United Kingdom. It was named in commemoration of the Chavasse family; Francis (2nd Bishop of Liverpool) and his twin sons Christopher Maude Chavasse (an Olympic athlete and later Bishop of Rochester), and Noel Godfrey Chavasse (an Olympic athlete, doctor, and one of only three men to win the Victoria Cross and Bar). The park was designated in the 1980s and originally consisted of a 2–3 acre plot of unfenced grass verges, framed
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Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park


that there would be four indoor arenas in the park in addition to the main venues, but the revised master plan published in 2006 reduced this to three, with the volleyball events moved to the Earls Court Exhibition Centre. The fencing arena was also cancelled, with the fencing events taking place at ExCeL London. The remaining indoor arenas are the Basketball Arena and the Copper Box, in addition to the Water Polo Arena, the Aquatics Centre, and the Velopark. The final design of the park was approved by the Olympic Delivery
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Parking orbit


to the lunar trip. Use of a parking orbit requires a rocket upper stage to perform the injection burn while under zero g conditions. Often, the same upper stage which performs the parking orbit injection is used for the final injection burn, which requires use of a restartable liquid-propellant rocket engine. During the parking orbit coast, the propellants will drift away from the bottom of the tank and the pump inlets. This must be dealt with through the use of tank diaphragms, or ullage rockets to settle the propellant back
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Walter Lemcke


Walter E. Lemcke (19 August 1891 – 1955) was a German sculptor who mainly worked in bronze. He produced numerous sculptures for Nazi Germany, including the eagles holding swastikas that flanked the entrance of the Ministry of Aviation in Berlin. He is also remembered as being the designer of the first Olympic Torch, which carried the flame during the 1936 Summer Olympics torch relay. Several of Lemcke's works remain today and are featured in parks and museums around Germany. Lemcke produced numerous pieces that depicted eagles, the national symbol used
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