what part of florida are the everglades in
Everglades


90 percent of commercially harvested crustacean species in Florida's salt waters are born or spend time near the Everglades. Much of the coast and the inner estuaries are built of mangroves; there is no border between the coastal marshes and the bay. Thus the marine ecosystems in Florida Bay are considered to be a part of the Everglades watershed and one of the ecosystems connected to and affected by the Everglades as a whole. More than of Florida Bay is protected by Everglades National Park, representing the largest body of water in the park
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Everglades University


Everglades University, formerly known as the American Flyers College, is a private non-profit university in Florida. Everglades offers bachelor's and master's degree programs, both via online and on-campus. The main campus is located in Boca Raton, with additional branches located in other parts of Florida. Everglades University was originally called the American Flyers College when it was founded in Fort Lauderdale, Florida, in 1990. In 1998, Arthur and Belinda Keiser purchased American Flyers College then changed the name to Everglades College in 1999
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Friends of the Everglades


-based Young Friends of the Everglades. What is now Everglades National Park was created in 1947, and is recently as 1998, has been referred to as "the most endangered national park in America." Some of the environmental issues facing the Everglades are, disrupted water flow, a drastic decline in the wading bird population, invasion of exotic species and the survival challenges facing the Florida panther, of which there are only 160 left in the wild, an increase from 20 wild Florida panthers in the 1970s. Additionally,
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Everglades City, Florida


Everglades City (formerly known as Everglades) is a city in Collier County, Florida, United States, of which it is the former county seat. As of the 2013 census, the population is 402. It is part of the Naples–Marco Island Metropolitan Statistical Area. The Gulf Coast Visitor Center for Everglades National Park is in Everglades City. Everglades City is located at . It is at the mouth of the Barron River, on Chokoloskee Bay. Chokoloskee Bay is approximately ten miles (16 km) long and wide
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Everglades National Park


the Everglades days later. Water overflows Lake Okeechobee into a river wide, which moves almost imperceptibly. At the turn of the 20th century common concepts of what should be protected in national parks invariably included formidable geologic features like mountains, geysers, or canyons. As Florida's population began to grow significantly and urban areas near the Everglades were developed, proponents of the park's establishment faced difficulty in persuading the federal government and the people of Florida that the subtle and constantly shifting ecosystems in the Everglades were just as worthy of protection
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Everglades City, Florida


the year. The next school building was washed away by the 1910 hurricane. A Methodist circuit rider began visiting Everglade in 1888, and a Methodist minister became resident the next year, but he left after four years. After that Everglade was occasionally visited by itinerant preachers of various denominations. The Episcopal Church established a mission at Immokalee which eventually moved to Everglade when revitalized in the 1930s by Harriet Bedell. In 1922 Barron Collier began buying large areas of land in what was then southern Lee County. In 1923 the Florida legislature
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Everglades Forever Act


115 of the General Acts, Resolutions, of the Florida Legislature published in 1994. The Act directed the State of Florida to develop a phosphorus criterion standard for the Everglades Protection Area. Using data collected from the Everglades Nutrient Removal Project, which acted as a small scale model offering insight into the best implementation of both design and management, the Everglades Construction Project began in the spring of 1997 and was part of an $825 million water quality restoration project included in the Everglades Forever Act. In an effort to help restore the
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Taylor Slough


Taylor Slough, located in the southeastern corner of the Florida Everglades, along with the much larger Shark River Slough farther to the west, are the principal natural drainages for the freshwater Everglades and the essential conduit for providing overland freshwater to Florida Bay. Taylor Slough is a 247 square kilometer wetland system. The slough stretches from the east everglades, to the northern portion of Florida Bay. In its natural form, Taylor Slough is the primary source of overland, freshwater flow into the north eastern part of Florida Bay. A major
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Everglades


Everglades itself. It is one of the most sparsely populated areas of the state. The geology of South Florida, together with a warm, wet, subtropical climate, provides conditions well-suited for a large marshland ecosystem. Layers of porous and permeable limestone create water-bearing rock and soil that affect the climate, weather, and hydrology of South Florida. The properties of the rock underneath the Everglades can be explained by the geologic history of the state. The crust underneath Florida was at one point part of the African
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Geography and ecology of the Everglades


. Shorebirds like rails, terns and gulls; diving birds such as pelicans and grebes; and birds of prey such as ospreys, hawks and vultures are among the more than 100 species of birds that use Everglades mangrove trees to raise their young. Because much of the coast and inner estuaries are built by mangroves—and there is no border between the coastal marshes and the bay—the ecosystems in Florida Bay are considered part of the Everglades. More than of Florida Bay is protected by Everglades National Park, representing the largest
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Everglades Pseudoatoll


The Everglades Pseudoatoll (also called a pseudo-atoll) was a major geomorphic feature of southern Florida during the Pliocene epoch. The Everglades Pseudoatoll began its growth during the early Eocene as a paleodepression possibly created by an asteroid impact upon the carbonate Florida Platform at the southern part of the Everglades National Park. The pseudo-atoll is surrounded by a raised rim. Its growth as a reef system and pseudo-atoll began during the Oligocene reaching its maximum size of north to south during the Piacenzian of the late Pliocene. (
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Florida State Road 29


Everglades City, which was also built in the 1920s. Part of this line was once the Deep Lake Railroad, which was once owned by Barron Collier. The railroad was removed from Sunniland south to Everglades City in 1957, and the rest of it was removed in the 1980s. Before the Florida Department of Transportation removed a large number of State Roads from its list for state control and maintenance, SR 29 continued south through the towns of Jerome, Copeland, and then meeting Everglades City just outside the Everglades National Park.
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Everglades City, Florida


created Collier County from Lee County, with the county seat at Everglade. The town was incorporated the same year as "Everglades" (adding the "s"). The town consisted of only a dozen families at the time, but some northern sportsmen had established winter homes there. The Tamiami Trail, which crossed Collier's domain, passed five miles north of Everglades City. While construction was proceeding on the Trail (it was completed in 1929), Collier pushed construction of what became State Road 29 from Everglades City
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Plantation, Florida


Plantation is a city in Broward County, Florida, United States. As of the 2010 United States Census the population was 84,955. It is a principal city of the Miami metropolitan area. The city's name comes from the previous part-owner of the land, the Everglades Plantation Company, and their attempts to establish a rice plantation in the area. Before the start of the twentieth century, the area that became Plantation was part of the Everglades wetlands, regularly covered by 2–3 feet of water. In 1855, Florida
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Biscayne National Park


Dade County just south of Convoy Point, established a "blacks-only" segregated beach for African-Americans at the present site of the Dante Fascell Visitor Center. The segregated beach operated through the 1950s into the early 1960s before segregated public facilities were abolished. The earliest proposals for the protection of Biscayne Bay were part of proposals by Everglades National Park advocate Ernest F. Coe, whose proposed Everglades park boundaries included Biscayne Bay, its keys, interior country including what are now Homestead and Florida City, and Key Largo. Biscayne
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Everglades Headwaters National Wildlife Refuge and Conservation Area


and Conservation Area", that is, and will be, a large area of land south of Orlando and to the north of Lake Okeechobee. The original donation was 10 acres but is targeted for 50,000 acres. Florida pioneered "Rural and Family Lands Protection Act" provides funding for easements on thousands of acres of working ranches in the Everglades system, as part of the Everglades restoration, targeted to be 100,000 acres. Another new NWR is also planned for the area between the Florida Panther National Wildlife Refuge in the Southwest and
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Freshwater marsh


species, including such large fish as the northern pike and carp. Some of the most common plants in these areas are cattails, water lilies, arrowheads, and rushes. The Florida Everglades represent the largest contiguous freshwater marsh in the entire world. This immense marsh covers and is located in the southern tip of Florida. Continued human development, including drainage for development and polluted agriculture runoff, as well as alterations in the water cycle threaten the existence of the Everglades. The remaining parts of the Everglades are grasses, sedges and
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Monroe County, Florida


in Florida by total area. More than 99 percent of the Monroe County population lives in the island chain known as the Florida Keys. Two thirds of the large area in what local residents call "mainland Monroe" is uninhabited by virtue of being part of the Everglades National Park, and the remainder by the Big Cypress National Preserve in the northeastern interior. The area, officially named Cape Sable Census County Division, is virtually uninhabited. As of the Census of 2000, this area had 86.9 percent of the county's land
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Scouting in Florida


Shands near Hawthorne. OA Lodge - Echockotee Lodge The South Florida Council, is in South Florida in Broward, Miami-Dade, and Monroe Counties. It has 3 camps: Camp Elmore in Davie, Camp Sawyer in the Florida Keys, and Camp Everglades in Everglades National Park. OA Lodge: O-shot-caw Lodge 265 Southwest Florida Council serves Collier, Lee, Charlotte, Manatee, Sarasota, and parts of DeSoto and Hendry counties. It has 2 properties: the Price-Sanders Scout Reservation in Charlotte with
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Everglades National Park


Chelydra serpentina"), alligators, and crocodiles thrive in fresh water. Sharks, barracuda, and sharp dangerous coral are plentiful in salt water. Visibility is low in both salt water and fresh water areas. Everglades National Park is an important part of the Great Florida Birding Trail. It has great biodiversity and many species of birds for bird watching and bird photography also. Portions of Everglades National Park are ideal for dark sky observations in South Florida. The best viewing locations are in the remote southern and western areas of the
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Everglades


the Everglades. Strong winds from these storms disperse plant seeds and replenish mangrove forests, coral reefs, and other ecosystems. Dramatic fluctuations in precipitation are characteristic of the South Florida climate. Droughts, floods, and tropical cyclones are part of the natural water system in the Everglades. The Everglades are a complex system of interdependent ecosystems. Marjory Stoneman Douglas described the area as a "River of Grass" in 1947, though that metaphor represents only a portion of the system. The area recognized as the Everglades, prior to drainage
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Everglades University


Everglades University. In December 2003, Everglades College, Inc. officially changed its name to Everglades University. In April 2004, the main campus of Everglades University relocated to Boca Raton, Florida. Later that year, the state of Florida Department of Education granted approval to open the Orlando Branch Campus of Everglades University. Everglades University was accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Colleges (SACSCOC) to award bachelor’s and master’s degrees in 2010. A year later, Everglades College, Inc., the parent company
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Everglades City, Florida


were below the poverty line, including 9.5% of those under age 18 and 1.6% of those age 65 or older. The area around Chokoloskee Bay, including the site of Everglades City, was occupied for thousands of years by Native Americans of the Glades culture, who were absorbed by the Calusa shortly before the arrival of Europeans in the New World, but by the time Florida was transferred from Spain to the United States in 1821, the area was uninhabited. A legend says that Seminoles planted potatoes along what is now
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Broward County, Florida


established the county to name it in honor of Napoleon Bonaparte Broward, governor of Florida from 1905 to 1909. Throughout his term as governor, Broward championed Everglades drainage and was remembered for his campaign to turn the Everglades into “useful land”. This opened up much of today's urban Broward County for development, first as agricultural land and later as residential. A year before Broward became governor, Dania became the first incorporated community of what is now Broward County, followed by Pompano in 1908, and Fort Lauderdale in 1911
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Marjory Stoneman Douglas


the 1940s Douglas was approached by a publisher to contribute to the Rivers of America Series by writing about the Miami River. Unimpressed with it, she called the Miami River about "an inch long", but in researching it became more interested in the Everglades and persuaded the publisher to allow her to write about them instead. She spent five years researching what little was known about the ecology and history of the Everglades and South Florida. Douglas spent time with geologist Garald Parker, who discovered that South Florida's sole freshwater source
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Indigenous people of the Everglades region


powerful in number and political structure. Their territory was centered on modern-day Ft. Myers, and extended as far north as Tampa, as far east as Lake Okeechobee, and as far south as the Keys. The Tequesta lived on the southeastern coast of the Florida peninsula around what is today Biscayne Bay and the Miami River. Both societies were well adapted to live in the various ecosystems of the Everglades regions. Their people often traveled through the heart of the Everglades, though they rarely lived within it. After more
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Prowlers of the Everglades


Prowlers of the Everglades is a 1953 American short documentary film directed by James Algar. The film was produced by Ben Sharpsteen as part of the "True-Life Adventures" series of nature documentaries. It was shot in Technicolor by Alfred Milotte and his wife Elma, who were on assignment for nearly a year, making film reports on every aspect of the Everglades. A photographic study of the wildlife of the Florida Everglades describes the habits of the many birds found in the swamplands and explains that the alligator rules over the area
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Port Everglades


Port Everglades is a seaport in Fort Lauderdale, Florida, located in Broward County. Port Everglades is one of South Florida's foremost economic centers, as it is the gateway for both international trade and cruise vacations. In 2018, Port Everglades was ranked the third busiest cruise home port in the world, accommodating more than 3.8 million passengers. It was also the busiest container port in Florida and 10th busiest in the United States, moving more than 1 million TEUs annually. The port is also South Florida's main seaport for
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Everglades National Park


National Park covers , throughout Dade, Monroe, and Collier counties in Florida, at the southern tip of the Atlantic coastal plain. The elevation typically ranges from 0 to above sea level, but a Calusa-built shell mound on the Gulf Coast rises above sea level. The terrain of South Florida is relatively and consistently flat. The limestone that underlies the Everglades is integral to the diverse ecosystems within the park. Florida was once part of the African portion of the supercontinent Gondwana. After it separated, conditions allowed a shallow
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Everglades National Park


1882 to drain the wetlands and develop the land for agricultural and residential use. As the 20th century progressed, water flow from Lake Okeechobee was increasingly controlled and diverted to enable explosive growth of the South Florida metropolitan area. The park was established in 1934, to protect the quickly vanishing Everglades, and dedicated in 1947, as major canal building projects were initiated across South Florida. The ecosystems in Everglades National Park have suffered significantly from human activity, and restoration of the Everglades is a politically charged issue in South Florida. Everglades
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Port Everglades


revenues of approximately $168 million in Fiscal Year 2018.The port does not rely on local taxes for operations. The total value of economic activity at Port Everglades is approximately $30 billion annually. Approximately 230,000 Florida jobs are impacted by the Port, including more than 13,000 people who work for companies that provide direct services to Port Everglades. Port Everglades is the #1 Seaport in Florida by Revenue, the #1 Container Port in Florida. Port Everglades was also the #3 Multi-Day Cruise Port in the World with 846
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Indigenous people of the Everglades region


The indigenous people of the Everglades region arrived in the Florida peninsula of what is now the United States approximately 14,000 to 15,000 years ago, probably following large game. The Paleo-Indians found an arid landscape that supported plants and animals adapted to prairie and xeric scrub conditions. Large animals became extinct in Florida around 11,000 years ago. Climate changes 6,500 years ago brought a wetter landscape. The Paleo-Indians slowly adapted to the new conditions. Archaeologists call the cultures that resulted from the adaptations Archaic peoples. They were better suited
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Florida's 25th congressional district


Florida's 25th congressional district is a congressional district in the U.S. state of Florida. The district stretches from suburbs west of Miami west along the northern border of The Everglades along Alligator Alley to communities east of Naples and Marco Island. The district has a large Cuban American population, making up 44.3% of the population, the most of any district in the country The prior 25th district, from 2003 through 2012, stretched across a great swath of the Everglades and included parts of Collier, Miami-Dade, and Hendry counties
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Everglades Agricultural Area


development. Approximately 500,000 acres of the 700,000 acres of the EAA is controlled by sugar companies, namely U.S. Sugar and Florida Crystals. In late 2008, a land deal was in the works as U.S. Sugar offered to sell the US government just under 180,000 acres of land at $1.75 billion. The deal was repeatedly downsized until the South Florida Water Management District eventually rejected the deal in 2010. Three above ground reservoirs are being built by the South Florida Water Management District as part of the Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan, including the
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Burmese pythons in Florida


25% of the original Everglades remains, protected within Everglades National Park (ENP). The climate of South Florida and the location of the Everglades, surrounded by a metropolitan area to the east, Naples to the west, and Florida Bay to the south, make it particularly vulnerable to infestations of exotic species. Miami, in particular, is the hub for trade in exotic pets within the United States. Although the exact origin of Burmese pythons in the Everglades is unknown, it is likely that many were once pets released
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Everglades University


of Everglades University, purchased Keiser University, a Floridian for-profit chain, which then became a nonprofit college. In 2014, Everglades University was granted approval to open the Off-Campus Instructional Site of the Sarasota Branch Campus, in Tampa, Florida. Everglades University was also granted approval to relocate the Orlando Branch Campus to Maitland, Florida. In 2015, Everglades University received their ten-year accreditation reaffirmation by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Colleges. Everglades University offers a mixture of bachelor and masters degrees
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Geography and ecology of the Everglades


The geography and ecology of the Everglades involve the complex elements affecting the natural environment throughout the southern region of the U.S. state of Florida. Before drainage, the Everglades were an interwoven mesh of marshes and prairies covering . The Everglades is simultaneously a vast watershed that has historically extended from Lake Okeechobee south to Florida Bay (around one-third of the southern Florida peninsula), and many interconnected ecosystems within a geographic boundary. It is such a unique meeting of water, land, and climate that the use of either singular or
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Weston Branch Library


The Weston Branch Library is a branch of the Broward County Library. It is the most western branch of the library in the county, and is part of the Miami metropolitan area. The Florida Everglades National Park borders the city to the North, and the library itself sits less than 2 miles from the Everglades. The Weston Branch Library serves the city of Weston, Florida. It serves a population of 65,672 people, but also allows books to be borrowed by the over 9 million users in the Broward County Library System.
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Everglades


protect the trees. The trees are limited in height by weather factors such as frost, lightning, and wind; the majority of trees in hammocks grow no higher than . Some of the driest land in the Everglades is pineland (also called pine rockland) ecosystem, located in the highest part of the Everglades with little to no hydroperiod. Some floors, however, may have flooded solution holes or puddles for a few months at a time. The most significant feature of the pineland is the single species of South Florida slash
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Restoration of the Everglades


levels, the focus intensified on the Everglades in the 1990s as quality of life in the South Florida metropolitan areas diminished. It was becoming clear that urban populations were consuming increasingly unsustainable levels of natural resources. A report entitled "The Governor's Commission for a Sustainable South Florida", submitted to Lawton Chiles in 1995, identified the problems the state and municipal governments were facing. The report remarked that the degradation of the natural quality of the Everglades, Florida Bay, and other bodies of water in South Florida would cause a
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Draining and development of the Everglades


understanding of the geography and ecology of the Everglades have plagued the history of drainage projects. The Everglades are a part of a massive watershed that originates near Orlando and drains into Lake Okeechobee, a vast and shallow lake. As the lake exceeds its capacity in the wet season, the water forms a flat and very wide river, about long and wide. As the land from Lake Okeechobee slopes gradually to Florida Bay, water flows at a rate of half a mile (0.8 km) a day. Before human activity in
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Everglades National Park


fish, reptiles, birds, and mammal species in South Florida are exotic—more than in any other part of the U.S.—and the region hosts one of the highest numbers of exotic plant species in the world. Species that adapt the most aggressively to conditions in the Everglades, by spreading quickly or competing with native species that sometimes are threatened or endangered, are called "invasive". Thousands of exotic plant species have been observed in South Florida, usually introduced as ornamental landscaping, but park staff must eradicate such invasive plants as
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Plantation Island, Florida


Plantation Island is a census-designated place (CDP) in Collier County, Florida, United States. The population was 163 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Naples–Marco Island Metropolitan Statistical Area. Plantation Island is located in southern Collier County at (25.846346, -81.368274), along Halfway Creek upstream several thousand feet from Chokoloskee Bay. Plantation Island is near a northwest point of Everglades National Park and a southwest point of Big Cypress National Preserve. It is south of Everglades City and north of Chokoloskee via
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Everglades


species, or species of plants and animals that adapt aggressively to conditions in the Everglades, allowing them to reproduce faster and grow larger than they would naturally in their native environments. Approximately 26% of all species of fish, reptiles, birds, and mammals in South Florida are exotic—more than in any other part of the U.S.—and the region hosts one of the highest numbers of exotic plant species in the world. Controlling invasive species in 1,700,000 acres (6,900 km) of infested land in South Florida costs authorities about $
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Restoration of the Everglades


as "sheetflow". The land gradually slopes toward Florida Bay, the historical destination of most of the water leaving the Everglades. Before drainage attempts, the Everglades comprised , taking up a third of the Florida peninsula. Since the early 19th century the Everglades have been a subject of interest for agricultural development. The first attempt to drain the Everglades occurred in 1882 when a Pennsylvania land developer named Hamilton Disston constructed the first canals. Though these attempts were largely unsuccessful, Disston's purchase of land spurred tourism and real estate development
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Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan


CERP) provides a framework and guide to restore, protect and preserve the water resources of central and southern Florida, including the Everglades. It covers 16 counties over an area and centers on an update of the Central & Southern Florida (C&SF) Project also known as the Restudy. The State of Florida (via the South Florida Water Management District) and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers are undertaking various projects under CERP to help ensure the proper quantity, quality, timing, and distribution of waters to the Everglades and all
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Restoration of the Everglades


estimated to cost $578 million to convert only of the canal; the cost was designed to be divided between the state of Florida and the U.S. government, with the state being responsible for purchasing land to be restored. A project manager for the Army Corps of Engineers explained in 2002, "What we're doing on this scale is going to be taken to a larger scale when we do the restoration of the Everglades". The entire project is estimated to be completed by 2011. Attention to water quality was focused in
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Loxahatchee National Wildlife Refuge


Service. In total, the refuge includes 145,800 acres of northern Everglades habitat. The refuge contains one of three water conservation areas (WCAs) in south Florida and is maintained to provide water storage and flood control, as well as habitat for native fish and wildlife populations. Water is regulated by a series of pumps, canals, water control structures, and levees built by the Army Corps of Engineers. These freshwater storage areas and part of the Everglades National Park are all that remain of the original Everglades. In 2016,
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Taylor Slough


portion of the Taylor Slough resides in Everglades National Park. Taylor Slough crosses over part of the C-111 basin. The term slough (pronounced "slew") is used to describe areas of the Everglades where there is slightly deeper water than in the surrounding marshes and where a slow, but measurable, current is present. In essence, sloughs are the broad, shallow rivers of the Everglades. Sloughs occupy areas of slight depressions in the limestone bedrock underlying south Florida and generally remain wet during the seasonal dry period (November to
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Everglades


the state. The Everglades experience a wide range of weather patterns, from frequent flooding in the wet season to drought in the dry season. The Seminole Tribe gave the large body of water the name Okeechobee meaning "River of Grass" to describe the sawgrass marshes, part of a complex system of interdependent ecosystems that include cypress swamps, the estuarine mangrove forests of the Ten Thousand Islands, tropical hardwood hammocks, pine rockland, and the marine environment of Florida Bay. Throughout the 20th century, the Everglades suffered significant loss of
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Everglades


have each developed casino gaming on some of their properties to generate revenue for support, services and economic development. The military penetration of southern Florida offered the opportunity to map a poorly understood and largely unknown part of the country. An 1840 expedition into the Everglades offered the first printed account for the general public to read about the Everglades. The anonymous writer described the terrain the party was crossing: No country that I have ever heard of bears any resemblance to it; it seems like a vast sea filled with grass and green
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Geography and ecology of the Everglades


environment of Florida Bay is also considered part of the Everglades because its sea grasses and aquatic life are attracted to the constant discharge of fresh water. These ecological systems are always changing due to environmental factors. Geographic features such as the Western Flatwoods, Eastern Flatwoods, and the Atlantic Coastal Ridge affect drainage patterns. Geologic elements, climate, and the frequency of storms and fire are formative processes for the Everglades. They help to sustain and transform the ecosystems in the Shark River Valley, Big Cypress Swamp, coastal areas and mangrove
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Everglades Radio Network


Everglades Radio Network was a network of travelers information stations serving the Alligator Alley segment of Interstate 75 in the Everglades region of Florida. Owned by the Florida Department of Transportation and jointly programmed by the FDOT and the Florida Department of Environmental Protection, the network was based at Florida Gulf Coast University in Ft. Myers. It consisted of two low-power FM radio stations, WFLP-LP 98.7 FM, licensed to the Collier County Rest Area (near Mile Marker 63) and WFLU-LP 107.9 FM in Miles City (
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Florida Department of Environmental Protection


Present In its responsibilities for the state's natural environment, the department divides its function into three areas: The Florida DEP office responsible for FDEP's overseeing of Everglades restoration -- including the Everglades Forever Act and the Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan -- is the Office of Ecosystem Projects. A 1998 presidential executive order created the U.S. Coral Reef Task Force. In 2002, Florida determined how to implement this locally. After a meeting in 2002, the FDEP and the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission formed a team of interagency marine resource professionals
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Interstate 75 in Florida


advisory radios. FDOT has a data-share agreement with Waze which provides real-time information for the state's 5-1-1 service, ITS, and to Waze users. The Everglades Radio Network is a network of two low-power FM travelers information radio stations serving the Collier County segment of Alligator Alley in the Everglades region and based at Florida Gulf Coast University in Fort Myers. In John D. MacDonald's novel, "The Long Lavender Look", part of his series about fictional detective Travis McGee,
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Ashleigh Johnson


Ashleigh Johnson (born September 12, 1994) is an American water polo player. She was part of the American team winning the gold medal at the 2015 World Aquatics Championships, where she played in the goalkeeper position. Johnson attended Ransom Everglades for high school and was raised in Miami, Florida. At Ransom Everglades, she was a four-year letter winner and starter on her school's team guiding them to three consecutive Florida State Championships. She also earned All-Dade honors throughout career, while also earning all-
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Arthur R. Marshall


John Marshall, with the help of Tim Keyser, in 1998. The Foundation has as its mission to preserve and restore the Florida Everglades, in part by educating young people and the public about Everglades ecology through comprehensive public outreach and environmental education programs. Marshall's numerous writings and salient correspondence were donated to the University of Florida's Smather's Library by his widow...the late Kathlene Eppen Marshall. Additional archives are held at the ArtMarshall.org office in West Palm Beach, and have been made available to researchers. Some of his
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Everglades Forever Act


The Everglades Forever Act is a Florida law passed in 1994 designed to restore the Everglades. The law recognized, the “Everglades ecological system is endangered as a result of adverse changes in water quality, and in the quantity, distribution and timing of flows, and, therefore, must be restored and protected.” The law was codified in § 373.4592, Florida Statutes. The law was amended twice in 2003. The Act was approved by Governor Lawton Chiles on May 3, 1994, and is filed as Chapter 94-
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Everglades University


after relocating to Fort Lauderdale. They were already the owners of Keiser University. Everglades College was created in 2000 and was incorporated as a not-for-profit corporation in the state of Florida. Two years later, in 2002, the US Internal Revenue Service recognized Everglades College, Inc., as a not-for-profit 501(c)(3) corporation, and Everglades College, Inc., became independently operated by a Board of Trustees. In January 2003, the Florida Department of Education granted approval to open the Sarasota Branch Campus of
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Ten Thousand Islands


Wildlife Refuge. The southern part of the Ten Thousands Islands, south of Everglades City, is in Everglades National Park. The 99-mile long Wilderness Waterway begins at Everglades City and ends at Flamingo at the southern tip of the Florida peninsula. Administrative control of the islands is split between Collier County and Monroe County. The Ten Thousand Islands were used and occupied by Native Americans for thousands of years. Evidence of former living sites can be found under as much as four feet of water. A number of shell rings and other shell
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Chokoloskee, Florida


City). He wrote, "Now I wish folks could learn that there is another part of this neck of the woods beside Everglade. Everglade is a small place beside Chokoloskee. We have two business houses... we have ten families living here." Starting in 1896 Ted Smallwood carried the mail by sailboat between Chokoloskee and Marco Island via Everglades [City]. In 1897 he married and settled down on Chokoloskee Island. He hunted alligators, cut buttonwood (for charcoal), fished, and raised tomatoes. In 1906
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Alfonso Fernando Gonzalez


through Caloosahatchee river, Lake Flirt, Lake Hicpochee and Lake Okeechobee, then through the Everglades to the east coast of Florida where Henry Flagler was building the Royal Poinciana Hotel. The trip which was expected to take four days ended up taking fifteen days when the harsh conditions in the Everglades for the last 40 miles of the trek nearly cost the men their lives. In the most difficult parts of the journey the men had to abandon their dugout canoes and slog through the Everglades on foot, traveling barely a mile every five hours
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Friends of the Everglades


Florida Governor Rick Scott has stated that he favors "restoration, not litigation," which provides a hopeful rallying cry for environmentalists. However, state funding for what is required to prevent and clean chemical pollution in the Everglades is not adequate to address the needs of the ecosystem. Enforcement of "better management practices" in big sugar farming cuts off the pollution at its source. The state seems willing to negotiate the two sides of the contentious debate, that of big sugar and conservationists, but environmentalists are not convinced that it
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Everglades


what is found in other areas of the Everglades. The basin for The Big Cypress receives on average of water in the wet season. Although The Big Cypress is the largest growth of cypress swamps in South Florida, cypress swamps can be found near the Atlantic Coastal Ridge and between Lake Okeechobee and the Eastern flatwoods, as well as in sawgrass marshes. Cypresses are deciduous conifers that are uniquely adapted to thrive in flooded conditions, with buttressed trunks and root projections that protrude out of the water, called "knees". Bald
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Okeechobean Sea


The Okeechobean Sea was a Cenozoic eutropical subsea, which along with the Choctaw Sea, occupied the eastern Gulf of Mexico basin system bounding Florida. The Okeechobean Sea was a named for Lake Okeechobee of southern Early Oligocene Florida. It occupied southern Florida from what is now Tampa, Florida, to the Kissimmee River and to Martin County on the east and southward across the Everglades to the tip of Florida. The Okeechobean (including its subseas) survived until the Pleistocene making it the longest-lived paleosea in eastern North America. The
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U.S. Route 41 in Florida


2000. From there, the route runs concurrent with SR A1A westbound, then south along US 1/SR 5, before meeting the route's signed southern terminus at Brickell Avenue. Between Miami and Naples, US 41 cuts across the Florida peninsula, running through the vast Everglades wilderness. This section has been designated a National Scenic Byway. The byway runs east–west through the Big Cypress National Preserve, skirting the northern border of the Everglades National Park for about . The part of the highway between Tampa and Miami is
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Sugar Cane Growers Cooperative of Florida


the farming region, but environmental advocates say that too much phosphorus still makes its way into environmentally sensitive estuarian ecosystems such as the St. Lucie River and Indian River Lagoon. As part of the landmark "Everglades Forever Act" approved by the Florida Legislature in 1994, farmers in the Everglades Agricultural Area are required to achieve 25 percent reduction in phosphorus in waters flowing off of farmland. Additionally, the Act provided for the construction of 40,000 acres of natural filter marshes that further reduce phosphorus in water flowing from farms, urbanized areas and
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Sugar Cane Growers Cooperative of Florida


part of the Central and Southern Flood Control project. More than 450,000 acres are home to sugarcane, winter vegetables, sod and rice farms. As with most of Florida, early settlers had a difficult time developing the interior of Palm Beach County near Lake Okeechobee because the Everglades extended into the region. Beginning in 1847, various projects were undertaken to drain the land and make it usable with varying levels of success. This partial drainage of the Everglades made way for farm settlement between 1910 and 1926. The first commercially grown crops
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Plantation, Florida


Ridge as a headquarters during the second and third Seminole Wars. In 1899, Florida Governor William Sherman Jennings began an initiative to drain the Everglades. To establish Florida's entitlement to the land, Jennings obtained a new patent (known as the 'Everglades Patent') for land "aggregating 2,862,280 acres." Following his election in 1905, Jennings' successor, Napoleon Bonaparte Broward appointed Jennings as general counsel of the Internal Improvement Fund and continued the initiative for complete drainage of the Everglades (which was a core theme of his
18183219
List of invasive species in the Everglades


east in the South Florida metropolitan area, to the west by Naples and Fort Myers, and to the south by Florida Bay, a marine environment that receives fresh water from and is maintained by the Everglades. As it is surrounded on three sides and close to a major transportation and shipping center, it is particularly vulnerable to the importation of exotic species. In the 20th century, Florida experienced a population surge unparalleled in the U.S., accompanied by rapid urban expansion made possible by draining portions of the Everglades. Flood control became
7235823
Restoration of the Everglades


The restoration of the Everglades is an ongoing effort to remedy damage inflicted on the environment of southern Florida during the 20th century. It is the most expensive and comprehensive environmental repair attempt in history. The degradation of the Everglades became an issue in the United States in the early 1970s after a proposal to construct an airport in the Big Cypress Swamp. Studies indicated the airport would have destroyed the ecosystem in South Florida and Everglades National Park. After decades of destructive practices, both state and federal agencies are looking for ways to balance
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Friends of the Everglades


alliance with the Miccosukee Indian Tribe of the Everglades region in its legal efforts. One of the major issues continues to be the heavy use of chemical fertilizers by "Big Sugar" which result in excess phosphorus in Everglades waters. According to activists, government agencies have been lax in their demands on the sugar industry. In a September 2011 press release concerning current activity, Friends of the Everglades stated that it felt that the Florida Governor and Florida Legislature had "acted to protect the sugar industry from paying its fair share of pollution
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Everglades


Miami became a prime destination for extremely wealthy people after the Royal Palm Hotel was opened. During the 1904 gubernatorial race, the strongest candidate, Napoleon Bonaparte Broward, promoted draining the Everglades. He called the future of South Florida the "Empire of the Everglades". Soon after his successful election, he began work to "drain that abominable pestilence-ridden swamp", and pushed the Florida legislature to form a group of commissioners to oversee reclamation of flooded lands. In 1907 they established the Everglades Drainage District and began to
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Everglades


were dying, although it could be reversed. The same year the park was dedicated, two hurricanes and the wet season caused to fall on South Florida. Although there were no human casualties, agricultural interests lost approximately $59 million. In 1948 Congress approved the Central and Southern Florida Project for Flood Control and Other Purposes (C&SF), which divided the Everglades into basins. In the northern Everglades were Water Conservation Areas (WCAs), and the Everglades Agricultural Area (EAA) bordering to the south of Lake Okeechobee.
5379451
List of invasive species in the Everglades


Invasive species in the Everglades are exotic plants and animals that are not native to the area and have aggressively adapted to conditions in wilderness areas in southern Florida. The Everglades are a massive watershed in the southern portion of the U.S. state of Florida that drains overflow from the vast shallow Lake Okeechobee that is in turn fed by the Kissimmee River. The overflow forms a very shallow river about wide and long that travels about half a mile per day. The network of ecosystems created by the Everglades are surrounded by urban areas to the
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Shark River Slough


Shark River Slough (SRS) is a low-lying area of land that channels water through the Florida Everglades, beginning in Water Conservation Area 3, flowing through Everglades National Park, and ultimately into Florida Bay. Together with Taylor Slough to the east, Shark River Slough is an essential conduit of overland freshwater to Florida Bay. Shark River Slough is also known as the "River of Grass." Shark River Slough is the dominant path for flow of water into Everglades National Park. SRS is a mixture of sawgrass marshes
18140889
Port Everglades


ship calls and 3.8 million passengers in 2017, and the #2 Petroleum Port in Florida with 594 ship calls and 122.3 million barrels. Port Everglades is composed of land within three municipalities, Hollywood, Fort Lauderdale and Dania Beach and unincorporated Broward County. Port Everglades is a manmade seaport. The port was originally dredged from Lake Mabel, a natural body of water that was a wide and shallow section of the Florida East Coast Canal system. In 1911, the Florida Board of Trade passed a resolution that called for a deep
425792
Sugar Cane Growers Cooperative of Florida


Southern Florida Control Project, a multi-faceted project providing flood control; water supply for municipal, industrial, and agricultural uses; prevention of salt water intrusion; water supply for Everglades National Park; and the protection of wildlife. The system comprises 1,000 miles of levees, 720 miles of canals, and nearly 200 water control structures. The Everglades Agricultural Area also was designated via this Act. In 1994, Governor Lawton Chiles introduced the Everglades Forever Act as a means to improve the quality of water flowing into the Everglades.
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Draining and development of the Everglades


to build a dike around the lake. Further floods in 1947 prompted an unprecedented construction of canals throughout southern Florida. Following another population boom after World War II, and the creation of the Central and Southern Florida Flood Control Project, the Everglades was divided into sections separated by canals and water control devices that delivered water to agricultural and newly developed urban areas. However, in the late 1960s, following a proposal to construct a massive airport next to Everglades National Park, national attention turned from developing the land to restoring the Everglades
9901706
Eugene Savage


Savage visited Florida, where he painted the experience of the Seminole in their Everglades, taking note of the intrusion of modern civilization into what seemed to be a Garden of Eden pastoral existence. These paintings were done at the same time the effort was under way to create the Everglades National Park Murals by Savage are on the campuses of Purdue, Columbia and Yale Universities. At Yale, he oversaw the decorative painting of Sterling Memorial Library and painted the library's "Alma Mater" mural. His work also features in government buildings
16055800
Environmental Impact of the Big Cypress Swamp Jetport


Secretary of the Interior in the Nixon administration, created a select committee to conduct an inquiry into a proposed jetport for supersonic transport in what is now known as the Big Cypress National Preserve on the border of the Everglades National Park in Florida. The proposed Everglades Jetport would have had six runways for supersonic aircraft, making it the largest airport in the world at the time. Russell E. Train, then undersecretary of the Department of the Interior, appointed Luna Leopold of the USGS to direct the environmental impact assessment. Before the report
18179804
Chomp (novel)


Mickey and Wahoo agree, knowing how much their family needs the money. While buying supplies at a Walmart in Florida City, the Crays are joined by Tuna Gordon, a teenaged classmate of Wahoo's, fleeing her abusive, alcoholic father, Jared Gordon. Unsure what else to do, Wahoo invites her to join them on their camping trip into the Everglades. Predictably, the shoot in the Everglades is a series of fiascoes. Derek's clumsiness leads him to suffer a number of injuries, including being bitten a dozen times
7111804
Keiser University


University and several other for-profit schools based in the state. In 2011 the University switched from a profit to a not-for-profit model when Arthur Keiser sold the institution for an undisclosed sum to Everglades College Inc., a non-profit entity founded by Keiser that also operates Everglades University. In 2015 Keiser University added a 100-acre campus to its West Palm Beach campus, on the site of what was formerly Northwood University's Florida campus. The goal of this new expansion was to create a space for their new
9403589
Restoration of the Everglades


the needs of the natural environment in South Florida with urban and agricultural centers that have recently and rapidly grown in and near the Everglades. In response to floods caused by hurricanes in 1947, the Central and Southern Florida Flood Control Project (C&SF) was established to construct flood control devices in the Everglades. The C&SF built of canals and levees between the 1950s and 1971 throughout South Florida. Their last venture was the C-38 canal, which straightened the Kissimmee River and caused catastrophic damage to animal habitats, adversely affecting water quality in
14336222
List of invasive species in the Everglades


Department of Agriculture (USDA) and the University of Florida Institute of Food and Agriculture Sciences (IFAS) experiment with plants in laboratories throughout Florida. State, local, and federal government agencies spend millions of dollars to rid South Florida of invasive species and prevent more from entering the region. Plants that are imported to Florida are subject to classification as "Restricted" or "Prohibited", but a new designation is being considered "Not Authorized Pending Plant Risk Analysis", to allow scientists to assess what damage exotic plants may
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Florida Bay


Florida Bay is the bay located between the southern end of the Florida mainland (the Florida Everglades) and the Florida Keys in the United States. It is a large, shallow estuary that while connected to the Gulf of Mexico, has limited exchange of water due to various shallow mudbanks covered with seagrass. The banks separate the bay into basins, each with their own unique physical characteristics. Encompassing roughly one-third of Everglades National Park, Florida Bay is variously stated to be , or , or . Nearly all of Florida
18977269
The Florida Wildlife Corridor Expedition


following goals: The Florida Wildlife Corridor launched January 17, 2012 from Flamingo in Everglades National Park and ended on Earth Day - April 22, 2012 - at Stephen C. Foster State Park in Georgia. During the 100-day journey the team traversed the Everglades ecosystem starting in Big Cypress Swamp, over to the Everglades Agricultural Area (EAA), back to the Okaloacoochee Slough, across the Caloosahatchee River, over to Babcock Ranch, and west along Fisheating Creek toward Lake Okeechobee. From Lake Okeechobee, the heart of the Greater Everglades system
11976033
U.S. Sugar


, and the growth of foliage along drainage canals bordering farms to help absorb nutrients. The BMP program has helped to yield tremendous success. According to the South Florida Management District, in 2017, Everglades Agricultural Area farmers achieved a 70 percent annual reduction in phosphorus – nearly three times higher than the 25 percent required by the 1994 Everglades Forever Act. Additionally, more than 95 percent of the Everglades is meeting the stringent 10 parts per billion clean water standard for phosphorus. Despite claims made by environmental activists over air quality, according
1552338
South Florida


South Florida (colloquially and locally known as SoFlo) is a geographic and cultural region that generally comprises Florida's southernmost counties, including Miami-Dade, Broward, and Palm Beach. It is the fourth most populous urban agglomeration in the United States. It is one of Florida's three most common "directional" regions, the others being Central Florida and North Florida. It includes the populous Miami metropolitan area, the Everglades, and the Florida Keys. South Florida is the only part of the continental United States with a
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Snapper Creek


The Snapper Creek is a creek in the U.S. state of Florida that drains out of the Everglades into Biscayne Bay at Biscayne National Park. It is a long creek south of Downtown Miami, running through the suburbs of Kendall and Coral Gables in metropolitan Miami. The creek extends from Biscayne Bay inland to the Snapper Creek Canal, which extends further to the Everglades. Originally shallow in depth, the westernmost parts of creek have since been dredged and the original river connected to a canal system. This effort was spearheaded as a part
12849507
Wildlife regulations in Florida


Python, Python molurus". This is significant to opponents who wonder why the paper Dr. Rodda coauthored for the USGS, "What Parts of the U.S. Mainland Are Climatically Suitable for Invasive Alien Pythons Spreading from Everglades National Park?", used climatic data for the Indian Python to support his work, which is an endangered species highly regulated by the Federal Government, in place of the Burmese python which the report was written on. Further work which is critical of the USGS report on the expansion of the Burmese python was written
7867624
Everglades


Tequesta lived. Common descriptions of Native Americans in Florida by 1820 used only the term "Seminoles". Following the demise of the Calusa and Tequesta, Native Americans in southern Florida were referred to as "Spanish Indians" in the 1740s, probably due to their friendlier relations with Spain. The Creek invaded the Florida peninsula; they conquered and assimilated what was left of pre-Columbian societies into the Creek Confederacy. They were joined by remnant Indian groups and formed the Seminole, a new tribe, by ethnogenesis. The Seminole
5379424
Everglades High School


Everglades High School is a public school located in Miramar, Florida. The school serves approximately 2,425 students from Miramar and Pembroke Pines in grades 9 through 12. The current school hours are from 7:40 a.m. to 2:40 p.m. The current principal is Haleh Darbar. In the 2007–08 school year due to overpopulation, another high school was constructed in Pembroke Pines, Florida, West Broward High School to resolve the overcrowding issue. Everglades High currently has an FCAT school grade of "B" for the 2017–18 Academic School Year. Everglades has a
11391871
Okeechobean Sea


unlike the Florida Keys evolving. In what would become the Everglades, the carbonate banks grew and the area became shallower. The Gulf Trough closed between Georgia and Florida forming the complete peninsula allowing southward movement of Florida's first land mammals such as the early canids "Enhydrocyon", "Osbornodon", and "Phlaocyon" preying upon the proto-horse "Miohippus", deer-like "Hypertragulidae", and the extinct camel, "Nothokemas". The fossil record shows that land animals entered the newly formed peninsula with
21464647
Earth systems engineering and management


through the Everglades and into the Gulf of Mexico and Atlantic Ocean. With this there have been a variety of deleterious effects upon the Florida Everglades. By 1993, the Everglades had been affected by numerous human developments. The water flow and quality had been affected by the construction of canals and levees, to the series of elevated highways running through the Everglades to the expansive Everglades Agricultural Area that had contaminated the Everglades with high amounts of nitrogen. The result of this reduced flow of water was dramatic. There was a 90 -
17719384
Everglades Foundation


who work to promote the understanding of the greater Everglades ecosystem. The Foundation provides its expertise and research to these partner organizations in addition to grant funding. This is one of the strengths of the organization, and as such, the Everglades Foundation is often called on to provide expertise on policy issues impacting the Everglades with local governments such as Miami-Dade County, Florida, as well as the federal Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan (CERP) project. The Everglades Foundation holds an annual benefit known as the ForEverglades Benefit in Palm Beach
4835676
Cape Sable


Cape Sable is the southernmost point of the United States mainland and mainland Florida. It is located in southwestern Florida, in Monroe County, and is part of the Everglades National Park. The cape is a peninsula issuing from the southeastern part of the Florida mainland, running west and curving around to the north, reaching Ponce de Leon Bay, at the mouth of the Shark River. It forms the southern and western margins of Whitewater Bay. There are three prominent points on the cape, East Cape, which is the actual
7834523
Doc (G.I. Joe)


plutonium that Cobra had taken. What the Cobra personnel inject into themselves is really a tetanus booster shot. Later, Cobra forces make an attack on Joe headquarters. In the confusion, Doc finds General Flagg dead in the brig; Major Bludd had killed him while escaping. Doc then participates in a raid on a Cobra weapons facility located in Asbury Park, New Jersey. He also flies a recon mission with Wild Bill in the Florida Everglades. Doc is part of a team investigating Cobra activity in the Gulf of Mexico.
1178339
Buffalo Tiger


, "Buffalo Tiger: A Life in the Everglades" (2008). From the late 1980s he ran an airboat tour company in the Florida Everglades. William Buffalo Tiger was born "Heenehatche" in 1920 to Tiger Tiger and his wife in a traditional Miccosukee village in the Florida Everglades. They lived in a "chickee," a house built raised from ground level. As a member of the Miccosukee his first language was Mikasuki, one of the Muskogee languages. He grew up immersed in the traditional customs of the
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Everglades


severely damage the South Florida ecosystem. With heightened awareness and appreciation of the region, restoration began in the 1980s with the removal of a canal that had straightened the Kissimmee River. However, development and sustainability concerns have remained pertinent in the region. The deterioration of the Everglades, including poor water quality in Lake Okeechobee, was linked to the diminishing quality of life in South Florida's urban areas. In 2000 the Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan was approved by Congress to combat these problems. To date, it is the most expensive
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