when was the state of california admitted to the union
Utah Territory


The Territory of Utah was an organized incorporated territory of the United States that existed from September 9, 1850, until January 4, 1896, when the final extent of the territory was admitted to the Union as the State of Utah, the 45th state. The territory was organized by an Organic Act of Congress in 1850, on the same day that the State of California was admitted to the Union and the New Mexico Territory was added for the southern portion of the former Mexican land. The creation of the territory was part
7661804
History of California


their relatives. The California Constitution of 1849 outlawed any form of slavery in the state, and later the Compromise of 1850 allowed California to be admitted into the Union, undivided, as a free state. Nevertheless, as per the 1853 "Act for the Government and Protection of Indians," a number of Native Americans were formally enslaved in the state, a practice that continued until the mid-1860s, when California changed its laws to conform to the 14th Amendment. The possibility of splitting off Southern California as a territory or a
639789
California Admission Day


California Admission Day is a legal holiday in the state of California in the United States. It is celebrated as a day of observance annually on September 9 to commemorate the anniversary of the 1850 admission of California into the Union as the thirty-first state. California was admitted to the Union as part of the Compromise of 1850 as a free state after being ceded to the United States by Mexico at the end of the Mexican–American War in 1848. California directly became a state, it was never required to spend a
9654186
Gadsden Purchase


John Bell and others thought that federal land grants to railroad developers would be necessary. Gadsden supported nullification in 1831. When California was admitted to the Union as a free state in 1850, he advocated secession by South Carolina. Gadsden considered slavery "a social blessing" and abolitionists "the greatest curse of the nation". When the secession proposal failed, Gadsden worked with his cousin Isaac Edward Holmes, a lawyer in San Francisco since 1851, and California state senator Thomas Jefferson Green, in an attempt to divide California into
13668051
James Gadsden


(see below and the article on the Gadsden Purchase). During 1850, Gadsden advocated secession by South Carolina when California was admitted to the Union as a free state. Gadsden considered slavery "a social blessing" and abolitionists "the greatest curse of the nation." When the secession proposal failed, Gadsden, working with his cousin Isaac Edward Holmes, a lawyer in San Francisco since 1851, and the California state senator Thomas Jefferson Green, attempted to divide California in two. They proposed that the southern half would allow
14808596
John Mullan (road builder)


life. In 1878, Mullan approached California Governor William Irwin, offering to seek compensation from the federal government for a flaw in the California statehood act. Traditionally, when admitting new states to the union, the federal government agreed to give the state 5 percent of the gross proceeds from the sale of federal land in that state. California's statehood act, enacted in 1850, neglected to include this provision. The state legislature passed a resolution in 1858 asking the federal government to pay, but no action on the resolution ever
6945823
Peter Hardeman Burnett


public alike to get California into the Union as quickly as possible. Following long contentious debates in the U.S. Senate, California was admitted as a (non-slave) state on September 9, 1850 as part of the Compromise of 1850. Californians did not learn of their official statehood until one month later, when on October 18, the steamer "Oregon" entered San Francisco Bay, with a banner strapped to her rigging reading "California Is Now A State." During those advancements into statehood, Burnett's popularity among
9500389
California in the American Civil War


of the state in the September elections. Volunteer Regiments were sent to occupy pro-secessionist Southern California and Tulare County, leaving them generally powerless during the war itself. However some Southerners traveled east to join the Confederate Army, evading Union patrols and hostile Apache. Others remaining in the state attempted to outfit a privateer to prey on coastal shipping, and late in the war two groups of partisan rangers were formed but none was successful. When California was admitted as a state under the Compromise of 1850, Californians had already decided
11186588
John Morton Eshleman


. Eshleman was admitted to the California Bar in 1905 and was appointed Deputy State Labor Commissioner by Governor George Pardee. Eshleman ran for the state legislature on a Republican and Union-Labor ticket and was elected to the 38th California Assembly from the 52d District (Berkeley) in 1907. Though appointed Deputy District Attorney of Alameda County, he did not serve, moving instead to the Imperial Valley in Southern California for the dry air because of his poor health. When Imperial County was created from the eastern part of San Diego County
17794304
John G. McCullough


he was advised to seek a warmer climate. He sailed to California, where he took up the practice of law in Mariposa, California. He was admitted to the bar of the California Supreme Court. McCullough supported General Edwin Vose Sumner when the Union general seized Fort Alcatraz in 1861, preventing Colonel Albert Sidney Johnston from using the fort in support of bringing California in on the side of the Confederacy. His public speech-making in support of Sumner led to his election to the California State Senate the same year. He
11628399
History of slavery in California


himself a slaveholder from Tennessee. Gwin, however, was much more interested in gaining control of the California Democratic Party than he was in favoring either side of the debate. To the later chagrin of his fellow Southern members of Congress, he did not write the institution of slavery into the 1849 Constitution. The Compromise of 1850 later permitted California to be admitted to the Union as a free state. Gwin and war hero/abolitionist John C. Frémont became California's first Senators. Although California entered the Union as a free state
19997065
Norwalk, California


War in 1848, the Rancho and mining days ended. Portions of the land were subdivided and made available for sale when California was admitted into the union of the United States. Word of this land development reached the Sproul Brothers in Oregon. They recalled the fertile land and huge sycamore trees they saw during an earlier visit to the Southern California area. In 1869, Atwood Sproul, on behalf of his brother, Gilbert, purchased of land at $11 an acre ($2700/km²) in an area known as
16790994
Parallel 36°30′ north


attempt to divide California along the line of 36°30′, or to allow slavery south of it; the social and political conditions created by the California Gold Rush ruled out any such idea. In fact, California was immediately admitted to the union as a free state During the American Civil War (1861–65), all of the states located wholly south of 36°30′ north joined the Confederate States of America. All of the states with land north of the parallel, except Virginia, stayed in the Union, although Kentucky
21005706
Six Californias


Legislature and the U.S. Congress to admit the new states to the union per . Rather, the measure would have established several procedures within the state government and its 58 counties to prepare California for the proposed split, and instructed the Governor of California to submit the state-splitting proposal to Congress. The proposed states would have been named Jefferson, North California, Silicon Valley, Central California, West California, and South California. Draper's stated reasoning for the proposal was that the state is too large and ungovernable, and he
94323
Sam Yorty


Ang-gah-leez." Yorty enrolled at Southwestern University and later the University of California at Los Angeles, working for a time at the Los Angeles Department of Water and Power. He was admitted to the bar in 1939. Elected as a Democrat to the California State Assembly in 1936, Yorty established himself as a politician with integrity, but watched his popularity plummet when he reported a bribery attempt on a pending bill. Yorty advocated state ownership of public utilities and strong labor unions, showing a liberal approach to politics
3766990
Rancho La Sierra (Yorba)


and the grant was patented to Bernardo Yorba in 1875. When the state of California was admitted into the Union in 1850 Rancho La Sierra became part of Los Angeles County, but by the time the US patent was filed, Rancho La Sierra was a part of San Bernardino County. In 1893, the Rancho became part of Riverside County when the California Legislature authorized the formation of Riverside County taking lands from both San Bernardino County and San Diego County. R.B. Taylor, George L. Joy, Samuel Merrill, A.S. Garretson, and
10600242
Ranchos of California


1847. The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, ending the war, was signed February 2, 1848 and California became a Territory of the United States. Between 1847 and 1849, California was run by the U.S. military. A constitutional convention met in Monterey in September 1849, and set up a state government. It operated for 10 months before California was admitted to the Union as the 31st State by the United States Congress, as part of the Compromise of 1850, enacted on September 9, 1850. While the end of the
3715127
Classes of United States Senators


while senators from each of the other two classes have cumulatively represented approximately 70–75% of the population of the United States. (Because each state has two senators, the sum total of these figures is 200%, not 100%.) Several currently large states, including California, New York, Florida, Pennsylvania, and Ohio, all have their senators in classes 1 and 3, helping to create this imbalance. When a new state is admitted to the Union, its two senators have terms that correspond to those of
4092689
The Californias


territory was Admitted into the Union in 1850 as the State of California, while the vast, sparsely-populated interior region would only later gain statehood as Nevada, Utah, and large parts of Arizona, Wyoming, Colorado and New Mexico. Today, ""The Californias"" is a collective term to refer to the American and Mexican states bearing the name California, which share geography, history, cultures, and strong economic ties. There has been understandable confusion about use of the plural "The Californias" by Spanish
16369736
1860 and 1861 United States House of Representatives elections


documents. West of the Mississippi, there were 16 Representatives from states, and 9 Delegates from territories. The states elected nine Republicans and one Democrat. The Territories elected four Republicans, one Democrat and two Independents. When California entered the Union, it broke the free soil - slave state tie in the Senate. Minnesota, and Oregon followed as free soil states. Once Congress was depleted of the secessionist Democrats, the lame duck 36th Congress admitted Kansas as a free state in January, 1861, in time for it to
3383593
Salinas, California


Salinas area with John Fremont flying the American flag on the highest peak of the Gabilan Mountains and claiming California for the United States. Before the transition to American administration, Monterey had been the capital of California. For a short while after the transition, California was ruled by martial law. On September 9, 1850, California was admitted to the Union and became a State, celebrated as California Admission Day. In the 1850s a junction of two main stage coach routes was located 18 miles east of Monterey and along the big
16954874
History of the United States (1789–1849)


when the Democrats split, even though he was an apolitical military man who never voted in his life. Scott became the last Whig candidate for president in 1852, and he lost badly. With Texas and Florida having been admitted to the union as slave states in 1845, California was entered as a free state in 1850 after its state convention unanimously voted to ban slavery. Major events in the western movement of the U.S. population were the Homestead Act, a law by which, for a nominal price, a settler was given
6032444
Contra Costa County, California


the California Battalion and the U.S. Navy's Pacific Squadron. After some minor skirmishes California was under U.S. control by January 1847 and formally annexed and paid for by the U.S. in 1848. By 1850 the over-100,000 population and rapidly growing California population gain due to the California gold rush and the large amount of gold being exported east gave California enough clout to choose its own boundaries, write its own constitution and be admitted to the Union as a free state in 1850 without going through territorial status as required for most other states. In
2303870
Constitution of Montana


approve Montana's admission to the Union. That document consequently never attained legal force. In 1889, Congress passed an enabling act that finally permitted the people of Montana to be admitted to the Union after adopting and ratifying a constitution, and the third constitution for the incipient state was written and ratified later that year. It entered into force on November 8, 1889, when Montana became the 41st state admitted to the Union by the Presidential Proclamation of Benjamin Harrison. The 1889 Constitution remained in force until 1972, when a new
4818576
Cal 3


from all future ballots. The Cal 3 proposal would not have legally split the state immediately; the division would have occurred only if and when the U.S. Congress consented to admit the new states to the Union per . Rather, the measure would have established procedures within the state government for the proposed split. There were key procedural differences between the Cal 3 initiative and Draper's previous Six Californias plan, which failed to get enough signatures to qualify for the 2014 ballot. Among the differences, Cal 3 was an initiative to change
8917655
Moses Rodgers


Moses Logan Rodgers (1835 - October 22, 1900) was an African American pioneer of California, arriving in 1849—the beginning of the California Gold Rush. California was annexed by the United States and was admitted to the Union as the thirty-first state on September 9, 1850. Moses Rodgers, who was born into slavery in Missouri, came to California in 1849. He became prominent during the Gold Rush as a successful mining engineer, making a lucrative career excavating gold in mines he owned in Hornitos in Mariposa County.
4322037
Halleck, Peachy & Billings


and of the California State Senate in 1860 and 1862. Frederick Billings (1823–1890) graduated at the University of Vermont in 1844, and was admitted to the bar in 1848. In 1849, he was appointed legal advisor of California Territory under Governor Mason. At this time he became acquainted with Henry W. Halleck. In the spring of 1849 Billings began the practice of law in San Francisco. In 1863 Billings was an important political figure and was credited by some with saving the state of California for the Union. After returning
10259933
Economy of California


gave California enough clout to choose its own extensive boundaries, elect its representatives and senators, write its Constitution, and be admitted to the Union as a free state in 1850 without going through territorial status as required for most other new states. Soon after statehood in 1850 the state required and paid through taxes for nearly universal elementary school education. Other private schools were founded and are still doing well. In the 1930s the California was a leader in the high school movement to educate students beyond elementary school. State-subsidized college
9446850
History of California


on the number of slave versus non-slave states, the large, rapid and continuing California population gains and the large amount of gold being exported east gave California enough clout to choose its own boundaries, select its representatives, write its Constitution, and be admitted to the Union as a free state in 1850 without going through territorial status as required for most other states. The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo formally ended the Mexican–American War in February 1848. For $15,000,000, and the assumption of U.S. debt claims against Mexico
639748
John J. De Haven


. In August 1865, he was a delegate from Humboldt County to the Union party state convention. He was admitted to the bar of the district court in Humboldt in 1866 and commenced practice at Eureka, California from 1866 to 1867. He was district attorney of Humboldt County from 1867 to 1869. After entering the bar, De Haven held a series of public offices. He was a member from Humboldt County from 1869 to 1871 in the California State Assembly, and a member of the California State Senate from 1871 to 1875
6399906
Edward Dickinson Baker


fees but spent the money as fast as it came in, Wistar said, and some of those expenditures paid faro debts. The two formed a successful partnership at Montgomery and Jackson Streets. California had been admitted to the United States in 1850 as a free state, but by the later part of the 1850s, the state was being pulled in different directions over the issue of slavery, and Baker became a leader in the movement to keep California in the Union. In 1855, he ran for a seat in the state
17277390
Northern California


permanently divide northern and southern California at 36 degrees, 30 minutes, the line of the Missouri Compromise. But instead, the passing of the Compromise of 1850 enabled California to be admitted to the Union as a free state. The decades following the Gold Rush brought dramatic expansion to northern California, both in population and economically – particularly in agriculture. The completion of the First Transcontinental Railroad in 1869, with its terminus in Sacramento, meant that northern California's agricultural produce (and some manufactured goods) could now be shipped economically
16577932
Lake Tahoe


the prominent interstate boundary between California and Nevada, where the two states' edges make their iconic directional turn near the middle of the lake. This boundary has been disputed since the mid-nineteenth century. As part of the compromise of 1850, California was speedily admitted to the Union. In doing so, congress approved the California Constitution which defined the state's boundary in reference to geographical coordinates. This includes the section of the 120th meridian that is between the 42nd parallel at the Oregon border to the 39th parallel amid Lake
12954985
Runaway Officials of 1851


Saint soldiers who had served in the Mormon Battalion during the Mexican War helped discover gold at Sutter's Mill in California in 1848. The resultant California Gold Rush brought thousands of emigrants across the country and curtailed the Mormons' short-lived isolation. As a result, in 1849 the Latter-day Saints petitioned Congress that a huge swath of land which they had settled be admitted into the Union as the State of Deseret. Their proposed state stretched from central Colorado to southern California, and from the middle of Idaho to southern
6111161
San Diego


Bay in 1542, Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo claimed the area for Spain, forming the basis for the settlement of Alta California 200 years later. The Presidio and Mission San Diego de Alcalá, founded in 1769, formed the first European settlement in what is now California. In 1821, San Diego became part of the newly declared Mexican Empire, which reformed as the First Mexican Republic two years later. California became part of the United States in 1848 following the Mexican–American War and was admitted to the union as a state in
8890235
Admission to the Union


the ordinance was replaced by the Northwest Ordinance of 1789, in which the new Congress (under the present Constitution) reaffirmed the Ordinance with slight modifications. The territory itself remained in existence until 1803, when the southeastern portion of it was admitted to the Union as the State of Ohio, and the remainder was reorganized. While the articles of Confederation were in effect, the Congress considered various ordinances admitting particular new states into the Union, none of which were approved: At the 1787 Constitutional Convention, a proposal to include the
5410373
Paul Peek (politician)


but continued to work as a consulting attorney and teacher. He died in Sacramento. Born in West Union, Iowa, Peek moved to California at age 6. He attended Oregon State University and the University of Oregon before obtaining his legal education at Southwestern University School of Law in Los Angeles. Peek was admitted to the State Bar of California in 1930. He practiced law in Long Beach and Los Angeles and was a member of the Long Beach Junior Chamber of Commerce (president, 1935) and the State Junior Chamber of
21698710
Law school in the United States


1887 . . . and open to women and immigrant groups"; University of Iowa which "admitted women as law students" since at least 1869; University of Michigan; and Boston University Law School which started admitting women in 1872. "In 1878 two women successfully sued to be admitted to the first class at Hastings Law School [University of California]," one of whom was Clara S. Foltz. When the University of California established a second law program in 1894, this time on the Berkeley campus, it was
4222337
Mexican secularization act of 1833


where they received land), or in some cases in New Mexico were allowed to remain in place as Mexican citizens. Between 1847 and 1849, California was run by the U.S. military. A constitutional convention met in Monterey in September 1849, and set up a state government. It operated for 10 months before California was admitted to the Union as the 31st State by Congress, as part of the Compromise of 1850, enacted on September 9, 1850. The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo provided that the Mexican land grants would be
9613828
Westlake Village, California


by where Ventu Park Road is in Newbury Park. These Chumash villages are believed by archeologists to have first been settled over 2,000 years ago. Another village was located by Lake Sherwood. In 1795, the area became part of one of the first Spanish land grants, Rancho Simi, given to the Pico family. When Mexico won independence from Spain in 1821, Alta California became Mexican territory, and the Rancho Simi grant was confirmed in 1842. At the time California was admitted to the union in 1850, most of the
409831
Chula Vista, California


so named because of its scenic location between the San Diego Bay and coastal mountain foothills. The area, along with San Diego, was inhabited by the Kumeyaay before contact from the Spanish, who later claimed the area. In 1821, Chula Vista became part of the newly declared Mexican Empire, which reformed as the First Mexican Republic two years later. California became part of the United States in 1848 as a result of the Mexican–American War and was admitted to the union as a state in 1850. Founded in the
17260057
Capital punishment in California


to be shot on April 11. However, there is some doubt whether the executions actually took place. Four methods have been used historically for executions. Until slightly before California was admitted into the Union, executions were carried out by firing squad. Upon admission, the state adopted hanging as the method of choice. The penal code was modified on February 14, 1872, to state that hangings were to take place inside the confines of the county jail or other private places. The only people allowed to be present were the
20149248
History of California 1900–present


the nation. Again, in the spring of 1938, about three hundred men, women and children were driven by vigilantes from their homes in Grass Valley and Nevada City. A 1938 ballot proposition against picketing, "Proposition #1", considered fascist by commentators for the state grange, became a huge political struggle. Proposition #1 failed at the polls. Soon, racist distinctions fell as California unions began to admit non-white members. By the advent of World War II, California had an old-age assistance
4109065
Admission to the Union


. Each new state has been admitted on an equal footing with those already in existence. Of the 37 states admitted to the Union by Congress, all but six have been established within an existing U.S. organized incorporated territory. A state so created might encompass all or a portion of a territory. When the people of a territory or a region thereof have grown to a sufficient population and make their desire for statehood known to the federal government, in most cases Congress passed an enabling act authorizing the people of that territory or region
5410365
List of members of the Los Angeles County Board of Supervisors


The Los Angeles County Board of Supervisors is the legislative body of Los Angeles County, California. The State of California was founded in 1850. On February 18, 1850, the County of Los Angeles was established as one of the 27 original counties, several months before California was admitted to the Union. The Los Angeles County Board of Supervisors was created in 1852. The Court of Sessions was used under Mexican custom until 1852. The court was composed of a County Judge and two County Associate Justices. Julian A. Chavez served
22162691
List of United States Senators from California


California elects United States Senators to Class 1 and Class 3. The state has been represented by 44 people in the Senate since it was admitted to the Union on September 9, 1850. Its current U.S. Senators are Democrats Dianne Feinstein and Kamala Harris. ! 1 ! rowspan=11 | 1 ! rowspan=4 | 2 ! rowspan=2 | 3 ! 4 ! rowspan=2 | 5 ! rowspan=3 | 2 ! rowspan=3 | 6 ! rowspan=3 | 3 ! rowspan=3 | 7 ! rowspan=5 | 4 ! 8 ! rowspan=3 | 9 ! rowspan=3 | 5 ! rowspan=3
20743823
Oklahoma Enabling Act


The Enabling Act of 1906, in its first part, empowered the people residing in Indian Territory and Oklahoma Territory to elect delegates to a state constitutional convention and subsequently to be admitted to the union as a single union. The act, in its second part, also enabled the people of New Mexico Territory and of Arizona Territory to form a constitution and State government and be admitted into the Union, requiring a referendum to determine if both territories should be admitted as a single state. The Oklahoma Organic Act of 1890 contemplated admitting
18866434
Lost Padre Mine (southern California)


there is more than one mine that falls under the umbrella of the Lost Padre Mine. Priests from the Franciscan Order of the Catholic Church are thought to have established a number of secret mines along the San Andreas fault zone during the period of Spanish and later Mexican rule of California. By the time California was admitted as the thirty-first State of the Union in 1850, these early mines had effectively disappeared casting doubt that they had ever existed. Some believe priests from the Jesuit Order of the Catholic Church were exploiting mineral
15506612
Fayette County, West Virginia


Army during the American Revolutionary War. The second Virginia county so named, it was among the 50 counties which Virginia lost when West Virginia was admitted to the Union as the 35th state in 1863, during the American Civil War. The earlier Fayette County, Virginia existed from 1780 to 1792, and was lost when Kentucky was admitted to the Union. Accordingly, in the government records of Virginia, there will be listings for Fayette County from 1780–1792 and Fayette County from 1831–1863. A substantial portion was subdivided from Fayette County to
8097509
Hong Yen Chang


to California and sought admission to the California State Bar. His motion to practice law in California reached the California Supreme Court in 1890. Under the California Code of Civil Procedure at the time, "Every citizen of the United States . . . who has been admitted to practice law in the highest court of a sister state . . . may be admitted to practice in the courts of "this State" upon the production of his license and satisfactory evidence of good character; but the court may examine the applicant as to
16101651
John Calhoun Johnson


John Calhoun Johnson (1822 - September 13, 1876) was a native of Deersville, Ohio, who practiced law and operated a ranch in California. His first employment in the West was carrying the mail on snowshoes from Placerville to Nevada City, during which time he gave the name of Bigler's Lake to the body of water now known as Lake Tahoe. Johnson practiced law in the days of the vigilantes and also acted as judge among the miners. When California was admitted to the Union, Johnson was one of the
19352838
Cal 3


to qualify as a California ballot measure for the 2016 state elections. He spent more than $5 million to try to qualify the proposition for the ballot, including nearly $450,000 for political consultants. outlines the procedure for the admission of new U.S. states. It reads: There are several precedents for the creation of new states out of pre-existing ones. Note that the pre-existing state does not disappear but simply gets smaller when the new state is admitted. The original state is not renamed or re-admitted
8917658
Demographics of Mexico


Federal District, was the first in the country at 0.2%. The state with the lowest population growth rate over the same period was Michoacán (-0.1%), whereas the states with the highest population growth rates were Quintana Roo (4.7%) and Baja California Sur (3.4%), both of which are two of the least populous states and the last to be admitted to the Union in the 1970s. The average annual net migration rate of the Federal District over the same period was negative and the lowest of
19551526
Oregon


"free" or "slave" state. Eventually politicians from the south agreed to allow Oregon to enter as a "free" state, in exchange for opening slavery to the southwest United States. Oregon was admitted to the Union on February 14, 1859. Founded as a refuge from disputes over slavery, Oregon had a "whites only" clause in its original state Constitution. At the outbreak of the American Civil War, regular U.S. troops were withdrawn and sent east. Volunteer cavalry recruited in California were sent north to
75189
Vergara v. California


major victory to teachers unions." A subsequent report on National Public Radio used similar language (albeit limited to California) when discussing the California Supreme Court's refusal to review the appellate decision, calling the denial of review "a major victory for teachers unions in California." California's two largest teachers unions issued triumphant press releases after the California Supreme Court precluded further state court review. The president of the NEA-affiliated California Teachers Association called "Vergara" a "case brought by wealthy anti-public education millionaires who
8391530
Lansing B. Mizner


in the general merchandise firm of Semple, Robinson & Co. He was admitted to the bar the same year. He was a member of the Society of California Pioneers. His adult home was in Benicia, California, He served as the first Collector of Customs for the Northern District of California (San Francisco to the Oregon border). When the state government was formed in 1849, he was elected the Associate Justice of the Solano County Court of Sessions. He was elected as a California State Senator in the 1865 and 1867
3807260
Part I of the Constitution of India


of India is used in the constitution, it is applicable to the territories of states only. When the word 'territory of India' is used in the constitution, it is applicable to all the territories including the union territories and any acquired territories. Presently, there is no other area forming territory of India excluding its states and union territories. The acquired territories can be converted in to a state/states as per Article 2. Per Article 2, Sikkim was admitted as a state in Indian union on 26 April 1975
10530359
Old Point Loma Lighthouse


state. On September 28, 1850, just 19 days after admitting California to the Union, Congress appropriated $90,000 to construct lighthouses along the California coast. A second appropriation of $59,434 was made in 1854 to complete the job. Lighthouses were designated for Alcatraz Island, Point Conception, Battery Point, Farallon Island, Point Pinos and Point Loma. A site was chosen in 1851 near the summit of Point Loma. The contract was given to the Washington, D.C. company Gibbon and Kelley. The local supervisor was William J.
12777613
History of rail transportation in California


The establishment of America's transcontinental rail lines securely linked California to the rest of the country, and the far-reaching transportation systems that grew out of them during the century that followed contributed to the state’s social, political, and economic development. When California was admitted as a state to the United States in 1850, and for nearly two decades thereafter, it was in many ways isolated, an outpost on the Pacific, until the First Transcontinental Railroad was completed in 1869. Passenger rail transportation declined in the early- and
10230004
History of the Jews in Los Angeles


The history of the Jews in Los Angeles began with Jacob Frankfort's arrival about 1841. Los Angeles has the second largest Jewish population in the U.S., second only to New York City, and has the fifth largest Jewish population of any city in the world. In 1841 Jacob Frankfort arrived in the Mexican Pueblo de Los Ángeles in Alta California. He was the city's first known Jew. When California was admitted to the Union in 1850, The U.S. Census recorded that there were eight Jews living in Los Angeles. Morris
13981097
Southern California


of southern California, such a division has existed from the time when Mexico ruled California and political disputes raged between the Californios of Monterey in the upper part and Los Angeles in the lower part of Alta California. Following the acquisition of California by the United States, the division continued as part of the attempt by several pro-slavery politicians to arrange the division of Alta California at 36 degrees, 30 minutes, the line of the Missouri Compromise. Instead, the passing of the Compromise of 1850 enabled California to be admitted to
16100570
History of San Diego


the United States in 1848 following the U.S. victory in the Mexican–American War and the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo. The resident "Californios" became American citizens with full voting rights. California was admitted to the Union as a state in 1850. San Diego, still little more than a village, was incorporated on March 27 as a city and was named the county seat of the newly established San Diego County. The United States Census reported the population of the town as 650 in 1850 and 731 in 1860. San Diego
13865079
Arizona


the contiguous states to be admitted to the Union, achieving statehood on February 14, 1912, coinciding with Valentine's Day. Historically part of the territory of "Alta California" in New Spain, it became part of independent Mexico in 1821. After being defeated in the Mexican–American War, Mexico ceded much of this territory to the United States in 1848. The southernmost portion of the state was acquired in 1853 through the Gadsden Purchase. Southern Arizona is known for its desert climate, with very hot summers and mild
21763137
Smithsonian trinomial


alphabetical order. Alaska was assigned number 49 and Hawaii was assigned number 50 after those states were admitted to the union. There are no Smithsonian trinomial numbers assigned for the District of Columbia or any United States territories. Most states use trinomials of the form "nnAAnnnn", but some specify a space or dash between parts of the identifier, i.e., "nn AA nnnn" or "nn-AA-nnnn". Some states use variations of the trinomial system. Arizona, California, Connecticut, Maine, Rhode Island
20541727
Confederate States of America


expanded in May–July 1861 (with Virginia, Arkansas, Tennessee, North Carolina), and was disintegrated in April–May 1865. It was formed by delegations from seven slave states of the Lower South that had proclaimed their secession from the Union. After the fighting began in April, four additional slave states seceded and were admitted. Later, two slave states (Missouri and Kentucky) and two territories were given seats in the Confederate Congress. Southern California, although having some pro-Confederate sentiment, was never organized
7353599
John Isaac Guion


, and continued to serve in the State Senate. Guion supported slavery and states' rights. As a result, he played a prominent role in the Jackson convention of 1849, which was called to discuss how the Southern states should respond to the possibility of California being admitted to the union as a free state. In 1850 Guion was chosen to serve as the Senate's President pro tempore. In February 1851, Governor John A. Quitman resigned to defend himself against charges of aiding in filibustering expeditions against Spanish rule in Cuba.
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Stephen Jacob


Vermont and New York created a commission to settle their longstanding dispute over land titles in preparation for Vermont's admission to the Union as the 14th state, and Jacob served as one of the commissioners. When Vermont was admitted to the Union in 1791, Jacob was appointed the first United States Attorney for the District of Vermont; he served until 1794, when he was succeeded by Amos Marsh. Jacob was a delegate to the 1793 state constitutional convention, and chief judge of the Windsor County court in 1791, and from 1797
16060051
List of governors of Arkansas


was not in the state. This meant he was the first person to perform the office of Governor of Arkansas Territory, since James Miller did not arrive in the territory until nine months after his appointment. Arkansas was admitted to the Union on June 15, 1836. The state seceded on May 6, 1861, and was admitted to the Confederacy on May 18, 1861. When Little Rock, the state capital, was captured on September 10, 1863, the Confederate state government relocated to Washington, Arkansas, and a
8566286
California


be inadequate as well. The capital has been located in Sacramento since 1854 with only a short break in 1862 when legislative sessions were held in San Francisco due to flooding in Sacramento. Once the state's Constitutional Convention had finalized its state constitution, it applied to the US Congress for admission to statehood. On September 9, 1850, as part of the Compromise of 1850, California was officially admitted into the United States as an undivided free state. Its status as a 'free state' prevented the expansion of slavery to
5264464
Levi Hubbell


Levi Hubbell (April 15, 1808 – December 8, 1876) was a United States jurist and politician. Born in Ballston, New York, Hubbell graduated from Union College in 1827 and was admitted to the New York Bar. Hubbell was appointed adjutant general of the New York Militia from 1833 to 1836 by Governor William Marcy and served in the New York Assembly in 1841 as a Whig. In the 1840s, Hubbell moved to Wisconsin Territory where he practiced law. When Wisconsin was admitted to the union on May 29,
14866998
Constitutive Act of the African Union


The Constitutive Act of the African Union sets out the codified framework under which the African Union is to conduct itself. It was signed on 11 July 2000 at Lomé, Togo. It entered into force after two thirds of the 53 signatory states ratified the convention. When a state ratifies the Constitutive Act, it formally becomes a member of the AU. All 53 signatory states have ratified the document. The only states in Africa that have neither signed nor ratified the document are Morocco and South Sudan. South Sudan has been admitted
9467088
Sam Houston


his vote to create a territory that excluded slavery, Houston stated, "I would be the last man to wish to do anything injurious to the South, but I do not think that on all occasions we are justified in agitating [slavery]." He criticized both Northern abolitionists and Democratic followers of Calhoun as extremists who sought to undermine the union. He supported the Compromise of 1850, a sectional compromise on slavery on the territories. Under the compromise, California was admitted as a free state, the slave trade was
14699083
James H. Slater


James Harvey Slater (December 28, 1826January 28, 1899) was a United States Representative and Senator from Oregon. An Illinois native, Slater also served in the Oregon Territory’s Legislature, then later the Oregon State Legislature, and was the owner of the "Corvallis Union" newspaper. Born near Springfield, Illinois, in Sangamon County, Slater attended the local schools. In 1849 he moved to California in before settling in Corvallis, Oregon Territory in 1850. There Slater studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1854
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Parallel 36°30′ north


of Arkansas, Florida, and Texas were also admitted. When the Republic of Texas joined the United States in 1845 as a slave state, it was required to cede all of its claimed land north of the 36°30′ latitude to the Federal Government. Over the following half-century, this land became parts of Kansas, Colorado, New Mexico, and Oklahoma. The Compromise of 1850 confirmed that the 36°30′ parallel was the northmost boundary of Texas. Then Kansas was admitted to the Union as a free state
21005703
Trinity Law School


the State Bar of California. It became regionally accredited by the Higher Learning Commission of the North Central Association accreditation when it joined Trinity International University in 1997. Trinity Law School is not accredited by the American Bar Association (ABA). According to Trinity Law's own website, graduation from Trinity may not qualify a graduate to practice law in any state, other than California. ". . . this law school may not qualify a student to take the bar examination or be admitted to practice law in jurisdictions other than California
13807872
List of U.S. states by date of admission to the Union


admit new states into the Union. Since the establishment of the United States in 1776, the number of states has expanded from the original 13 to 50. Each new state has been admitted on an equal footing with the existing states. The following table is a list of all 50 states and their respective dates of statehood. The first 13 became states in July 1776 upon agreeing to the United States Declaration of Independence, and each joined the first Union of states between 1777 and 1781, upon ratifying the Articles of Confederation,
18787206
Rendition (law)


the State of California who has fled bail from another state, a bounty hunter or bail bondsman must adhere to the provisions set forth in California Penal Code Section 847.5. California Penal Code Section 847.5 Fugitive admitted to bail in another state; affidavit; hearing; warrant for arrest; order for return If a person has been admitted to bail in another state, escapes bail, and is present in this State, the bail bondsman or other person who is bail for such fugitive, may file with a magistrate in the county where
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Equal footing


The equal footing doctrine, also known as equality of the states, is the principle in United States constitutional law that all states admitted to the Union under the Constitution since 1789 enter on equal footing with the 13 states already in the Union at that time. The Constitution grants to Congress the power to admit new states in Article IV, Section 3, Clause 1, which states: Beginning with the admission of Tennessee in 1796, Congress has included in each state's act of admission a clause providing that it enters the Union
14622582
U.S. Community Federal Credit Unions


, Matthew Steen, David Vaughn, Charlie Jones, David Bearman and others This modest founding model later grew into community organizing against redlining and the eventual passage of the Community Reinvestment Act in the State of California and other states that currently allow government reserves and other municipal funds to be transferred into CUNA-insured local credit unions as an alternative to full-service banking institutions. The first actual transfer of government funds in the United States occurred with the Isla Vista Community Federal Credit Union when the Associated Students of the University of California
12321162
Texas


annexation into the United States. As early as 1837, the Republic made several attempts to negotiate annexation with the United States. Opposition within the republic from the nationalist faction, along with strong abolitionist opposition within the United States, slowed Texas's admission into the Union. Texas was finally annexed when the expansionist James K. Polk won the election of 1844. On December 29, 1845, Congress admitted Texas to the U.S. as a constituent state of the Union. The population of the new state was quite small at first and there
10498337
You Chung Hong


a Bachelor of Laws degree in 1924 and a Master of Laws degree in 1925. He passed the bar on March 26, 1923, not yet having completed law school, making him the second Chinese American in California admitted to practice law in the state. As an attorney, Hong worked to overturn the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882, including testifying before the United States Senate on its effects. Hong became the first Chinese American to be eligible to appear before the Supreme Court of the United States when he was admitted in 1933
16332764
Lions (Super Rugby)


summarises the Lions' results in their Super Rugby seasons: They are based in Johannesburg, and have always been centred around the Lions union (Johannesburg), drawing players from that union since the inception of the competition as Super 12 in 1996. Through 2005, the Cats also drew players from the two unions based in Free State —the Free State Cheetahs (Bloemfontein) and Griffons (Welkom)— and the Griquas (Northern Cape). That arrangement ended when the Cheetahs were admitted to the competition. Starting in 2006
15642197
Fernbridge, California


. By 1891, the ferry was pulled by a steam winch and a seasonal pontoon bridge was added in the summer. The town name was changed to Fernbridge from Singley's Station about two years after the Fernbridge was built across the Eel in 1910-1911. The first post office at Fernbridge opened in 1924. In 1934, when California numbered and marked California State Route 1, the route began in Las Cruces, California and ended at Fernbridge, although by 1984, admitting the route was not feasible south of Ferndale,
5396450
Admission to the Union


The Admission to the Union Clause of the United States Constitution, often called the New States Clause, found at Article IV, Section 3, , authorizes the Congress to admit new states into the United States beyond the thirteen already in existence at the time the Constitution went into effect. The Constitution went into effect on June 21, 1788, after ratification by 9 of the 13 states, and the federal government began operations under it on March 4, 1789. Since then, 37 additional states have been admitted into the Union
5410364
2016 Washington, D.C. statehood referendum


become responsible for their own judicial system, which is currently funded by the federal government. The Attorney General would remain an independently elected office, while DC would no longer have to submit laws or budgets to Congress for approval. Two years after the proposed state is admitted to the union, if it is admitted, a constitutional convention would be called to make changes to the state constitution, and any changes would be voted on for approval or rejection by the voters of the proposed state. In this election, when asked the
21360682
California and Nevada Credit Union Leagues


The California and Nevada Credit Union Leagues are the trade association for credit unions in those states. They serve more than 300 credit unions in California and Nevada with more than 10 million members and more than $208 billion in assets. The two Leagues joined in 1996 and became known as the California and Nevada Credit Union Leagues. The Leagues are the largest state-level credit union trade association in the United States. The Leagues are geographically divided into 20 chapters (18 in California, 2 in Nevada). Each League has
18749959
Martin V. Biscailuz


the Supreme Court of that state through an act of the Kansas Legislature. He then went to Washington, D.C., where he was admitted to the bar of the Supreme Court of the United States. He returned to California and "on the strength of his eastern credentials" was admitted to the California bar by the California State Supreme Court. He became a notable attorney and numbered wealthy Basque residents among his clients. The "Los Angeles Times" recalled that Biscailuz "had a law practice that was the envy of every lawyer
1066488
Daniel Horowitz


Hampshire College. In 1980, he earned his Juris Doctor (J.D.) from Southwestern University School of Law in Los Angeles, California. He was admitted by the State Bar of California that same year. He is a Certified Specialist in Criminal Law (the State Bar of California Board of Legal Specialization). Horowitz married Valerie Northup, his third wife, in June, 2007. Horowitz and Northrup had a son, Isaac Aaron, in April, 2009. Horowitz became a national media personality when he became a regular television
10915454
USS Arizona salvaged artifacts


named after Arizona, the 48th state which was admitted to the Union in 1912. She was built in the Brooklyn Navy Yard, laid down on March 16, 1914; launched on June 19, 1915 and commissioned on October 17, 1916. In April 1940, she and the rest of the United States Pacific Fleet were transferred from California to Pearl Harbor, Hawaii as a deterrent to the Empire of Japan. On December 7, 1941, "Arizona" was among the ships stationed in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii that were
17033249
History of Maine


only support statehood for Maine if Missouri Territory, where slavery was legal, would be admitted to the Union as a slave state. Maine became the nation's 23rd state on March 15, 1820, following the Missouri Compromise, which allowed Missouri to enter the Union as a slave-holding state and Maine as a free state. William King was elected as the state's first Governor. William D. Williamson became the first President of the Maine State Senate. When King resigned as governor in 1821, Williamson automatically succeeded him to
686066
Mississippi Territory


The Territory of Mississippi was an organized incorporated territory of the United States that existed from April 7, 1798, until December 10, 1817, when the western half of the territory was admitted to the Union as the State of Mississippi and the eastern half became the Alabama Territory until its admittance to the Union as the State of Alabama on December 14, 1819. The United States and Spain disputed these lands east of the Mississippi River until Spain relinquished its claim with the Treaty of Madrid, initially signed in 1795 by the two
20669596
Albert Jennings Fountain


was admitted to the bar in 1860. Working as a reporter for "The Sacramento Union", Fountain travelled to Nicaragua in 1860 to cover the filibustering (colonizing) expedition of William Walker. Angering Walker by his reports, Fountain was arrested and sentenced to be shot. However, he escaped and returned to California. In August 1861, during the American Civil War, Fountain enlisted in the Company E of the 1st California Infantry Regiment of the Union Army and was elected first sergeant of his company. He took part in
14773159
Presidency of Thomas Jefferson


government, and admission of Ohio into the Union." On February 19, 1803 the same Congress passed an act "providing for the execution of the laws of the United States in the State of Ohio." Neither act, however, set a formal date of statehood. An official statehood date for Ohio was not set until 1953, when the 83rd Congress passed a Joint resolution "for admitting the State of Ohio into the Union", which designated March 1, 1803, as that date. It was the first
20879172
Enlargement of the African Union


"[a]ccording to Article 29.1 of the AU’s Constitutive Act, only African States can join the African Union." Therefore, "Haiti will not be admitted as a Member State of the African Union". Although the AU includes one largely unrecognised state, the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic, the prospects of the unrecognised African state of Somaliland being admitted to the organisation are slim. The AU continues to recognise the territorial integrity of Somalia, favouring the Transitional Federal Government's claim that Somaliland is an autonomous region over the Somaliland
4500583
Admission to the Union


to frame a proposed state constitution as a step toward admission to the Union. Although the use of an enabling act was a common historic practice, a number of states were admitted to the Union without one. In many instances, an enabling act would detail the mechanism by which the territory would be admitted as a state following ratification of their constitution and election of state officers. Although the use of such an act is a traditional historic practice, a number of territories have drafted constitutions for submission to Congress absent an enabling act
5410366
California Polytechnic State University


male students and 4 new female students. In 1930, Cal Poly San Luis Obispo banned women from the entire school until 1956 when it once again began admitting female students. The university remains coeducational today, with women constituting 46.7% of the Fall 2015 total student population. Unofficially, the school is typically referred to as "Cal Poly", or simply "Poly". The university's style guide indicates its official names are "California Polytechnic State University" and "Cal Poly." When necessary to distinguish between Cal
3419370
R. C. O. Benjamin


R. C. O. Benjamin (March 31, 1855 – October 2, 1900) was a journalist, lawyer, and minister in the United States. He was an editor or contributor to numerous newspapers throughout the country, and may have been the first black editor of a white paper when he became editor of the "Daily Sun" In Los Angeles. He was also possibly the first black man admitted to the California bar, and may have been admitted to the bar in twelve states. In 1900 he was working as a
9793974
History of the University of California, Berkeley


by California Governor Henry H. Haight on March 23, 1868. Professor John Le Conte was appointed interim president, serving until 1870 when the Board of Regents elected Henry Durant, the founder of the College of California. The university opened in September 1869, using the former College of California's buildings in Oakland as a temporary home while the new campus underwent construction. In 1871, the Board of Regents stated that women should be admitted on an equal basis with men. With the completion of North and South Halls in 1873,
11900115
Rose–Baley Party


, which was pulled by a pair of mules. According to Baley, political and economic factors prompted two Hedgpeth and two Baley families to leave northwestern Missouri for California in early 1858. One factor was the enactment of the Kansas-Nebraska Act, which admitted Nebraska into the Union as a free territory and granted Kansas the right to decide on the legality of slavery within the state. The resulting tensions between pro-slavery and anti-slavery groups fueled conflict near the Missouri state line, affecting its western counties, including Nodaway
19718837
History of Muskogee


did not receive federal recognition. Instead, the State of Oklahoma was admitted to the Union on November 16, 1907 as the 46th State. Tenant farmers in Muskogee were displaced in great numbers during the Great Depression. The collapse of cotton prices led to the 1933 Agricultural Adjustment Act, which led landowners to evict tenant farmers as they took land out of production to receive farm subsidies. That same year, thousands of displaced tenant farmers helped kick off the Okie migration to California. Despite the New Deal, the area didn't
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