when was a bushel and a peck written
A Bushel and a Peck


"A Bushel and a Peck" is a popular song written by Frank Loesser and published in 1950. The song was introduced in the Broadway musical "Guys and Dolls", which opened at the 46th Street Theater on November 24, 1950. It was performed on stage by Vivian Blaine, who later reprised her role as Miss Adelaide in the 1955 film version of the play. "A Bushel and a Peck," however, was omitted from the film, and instead replaced by a new song, titled "Pet
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Bushel


A bushel (abbreviation: bsh. or bu.) is an imperial and US customary unit of volume based upon an earlier measure of dry capacity. The old bushel was equal to 2 kennings (obsolete), 4 pecks or 8 dry gallons and was used mostly for agricultural products such as wheat. In modern usage, the volume is nominal, with bushels denoting a mass defined differently for each commodity. The name "bushel" is also used to translate similar units in other measurement systems. The name comes from the
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Peck


A peck is an imperial and United States customary unit of dry volume, equivalent to 2 dry gallons or 8 dry quarts or 16 dry pints (9.09 (UK) or 8.81 (US) liters). Two pecks make a kenning (obsolete), and four pecks make a bushel. Although the peck is no longer widely used, some produce, such as apples, is still often sold by the peck. Despite being referenced in the well-known Peter Piper tongue twister, pickled peppers are so rarely sold by
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Guys and Dolls


Frank Sinatra as Nathan Detroit, and Jean Simmons as Sarah, with Vivian Blaine reprising her role as Adelaide. The film was directed by Joseph L. Mankiewicz and produced by Samuel Goldwyn. Three new songs, written by Frank Loesser, were added to the film: "Pet Me Poppa"; "A Woman in Love"; and "Adelaide", which was written specifically for Sinatra. Five songs from the stage musical were omitted from the movie: "A Bushel and a Peck", "My Time of Day
10306191
Richard Greenham


the work of the day. He devoted Sunday evenings and Thursday mornings to catechizing. He had some divinity pupils, including Henry Smith. During a period of dearth, when barley was ten groats a bushel, he devised a plan for selling corn cheap to the poor, no family being allowed to buy more than three pecks in a week. He cheapened his straw, preached against the public order for lessening the capacity of the bushel, and got into trouble by refusing to let the clerk of the market cut down his
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Nine-rank system


The nine rank system, also known as the nine grade controller system, was used to categorize and classify government officials in Imperial China. Prior to the Nine ranks, official positions were denoted by their salary paid in number of bushels of grain. For example, during the Han dynasty the highest-ranking officials were classed as "wandan" (萬石), meaning ten thousand bushels, and were paid 350 bushels of grain per month. The lowest ranking petty sub-officials were paid in pecks, worth less than 100
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Hobbit (unit)


The hobbit (also hobbett, hobbet, or hobed, from ) is a unit of volume or weight formerly used in Wales for trade in grain and other staples. It was equal to four pecks or two and a half bushels, but was also often used as a unit of weight, which varied depending on the material being measured. The hobbit remained in customary use in markets in northern Wales after Parliament standardized the Winchester bushel as the unit of measure for grain, after which courts gave inconsistent rulings as to its legal
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Forbidden Broadway, Vol. 3


original, Alessandrini) 03 Trouble in New York City ("Ya Got Trouble", Willson) 04 Guys And Dolls Sequence Guys And Dolls (Loesser) I Know I've Seen This Show Before ("I've Never Been In Love Before", Loesser) A Bushel On My Neck ("A Bushel And A Peck", Loesser) Chew It ("Sue Me", Loesser) 05 Topol If I Sing It Slower ("If I Were A Rich Man", Bock-Harnick) 06 Anna
21421688
Dry measure


pint, "etc." The bushel and the peck are only used for dry goods. Imperial units of volume are the same for both dry and liquid goods. They have a different value from both the dry and liquid US versions. Many of the units are associated with particular goods, so for instance the dry hogshead has been used for sugar and for tobacco, and the peck for apples. There are also special measures for specific goods, such as the cord of wood, the sack, the bale of wool
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100 Bushels of Rye


100 Bushels of Rye is a 1988 role-playing game adventure for "HârnMaster" published by Columbia Games. "100 Bushels of Rye" is a scenario set in Kaldor in which the heroes are sent to investigate two linked mysteries: a series of murders at an iron mine and why Loban village's annual feudal obligation of 100 bushels of rye has not been paid this year. The book details Loban and the mine complex. "100 Bushels of Rye" was written by Garry Hamlin and Randolph L. Strommen, with art
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Winchester measure


of the units associated with Winchester measure (quarter, bushel, peck, gallon, pottle, quart, pint) have names of French derivation, at least suggestive of Norman origin. Prior to the Norman Conquest, the following units of capacity measure were used: "sester", "amber", "mitta", "coomb", and "seam". A statute of 1196 (9 Richard I c27) decreed: "It is established that all measures of the whole of England be of the same amount
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Bushells


Bushells is Australia's first commercial tea company and is also a coffee manufacturer. Bushells was founded by Alfred Bushell in 1883, when he opened a tea shop in Queensland. His sons moved the enterprise to Sydney in 1899 and began selling tea commercially, founding Australia's first commercial tea seller. Bushells is produced by Unilever. Members of the Bushell family acquired the heritage-listed Sydney house, Carthona, in 1940. In 1998, Bushells was purchased by Unilever, and is still owned by them . In the 1980s the
13401532
Volume


so Small amounts of liquid are often measured in millilitres, where In the same way, large amounts can be measured in megalitres, where Various other traditional units of volume are also in use, including the cubic inch, the cubic foot, the cubic yard, the cubic mile, the teaspoon, the tablespoon, the fluid ounce, the fluid dram, the gill, the pint, the quart, the gallon, the minim, the barrel, the cord, the peck, the bushel, the hogshead, the acre
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Broughton East


with 1d. and a hen and a half for tithe hay and 9 bushels of oats and 6 pecks of barley for tithe corn”. In the 1870s, Broughton East was described as: One of the most noticeable developments of the town was the building of St Peter's church in 1894. The building was made of red sandstone and was built for £3,000. The area of Broughton East has always had a generally small population with most people being farmers but the population was 534 by the 1870s and was nearly 1800
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Guys and Dolls


redesigned by Michael Starobin, and there were new dance arrangements added to "A Bushel and a Peck" and "Take Back Your Mink". A one-hour documentary film captured the recording sessions of the production's original cast album. Titled "Guys and Dolls: Off the Record", the film aired on PBS's "Great Performances" series in December 1992, and was released on DVD in 2007. Complete takes of most of the show's songs are featured, as well as coaching from director Zaks,
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Hobbit (unit)


According to testimony, the Llanrwst market used a half-hobbit measure of two 21-quart pecks, but in practice a hobbit could vary from 80 to 84 quarts. The court agreed with the seller, finding that the hobbit was impermissible because it was not a fixed integer multiple of the bushel. The contract was therefore void. A similar argument was raised before the Exchequer of Pleas in "Owens v. Denton", concerning a sale of malt, but the court held that the question of measures had no effect on the case
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Gallon


is common to define the temperature at which the material will occupy the specified volume. For example, the volume of petroleum products and alcoholic beverages are both referenced to in government regulations. This dry measure is one-eighth of a US "Winchester" bushel of cubic inches; it is therefore equal to exactly 268.8025 cubic inches or about . The US dry gallon is not used in commerce, and is not listed in the relevant statute, which jumps from the dry quart to the peck. Gallons used in fuel economy expression
12584443
Garry Bushell


they have occasionally written more serious material. Two examples of their songs that include social commentary are "Dying for a Pint" (which comments on nightclub bouncer brutality) and "Jobs Not Jails" (a critique of the Margaret Thatcher government's policies). Other Bushell musical projects have included the bands Prole, Orgasm Guerrillas. the Ska-Nads and Lord Waistrel & the Cosh Boys. Prole was a socialist punk band that also included Steve Kent, the original guitarist of the Oi! band The Business. Bushell managed
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Garry Bushell


Cockney Rejects and penned a film script for "Join the Rejects – Get Yourself Killed", an abortive feature film project on the band which was replaced by a documentary film, "East End Babylon". Bushell has published his own autobiography, "Bushell on the Rampage", a book attacking the BBC soap opera "EastEnders" called "1001 Reasons EastEnders is Pony", and a book on UK youth subcultures called "Hoolies". He has also co-written the autobiography of Cockney comic Jimmy Jones, "
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Jeffrey Bushell


Jeffrey "Jeff" Bushell is an American screenwriter who has written for "The Bernie Mac Show", "Drawn Together", "MADtv", "What I Like About You", and "Zoey 101". He created and wrote the film "Beverly Hills Chihuahua" which was inspired by his dog, Maggie. Bushell won the Peabody Award and the Television Critics Award for his work on "The Bernie Mac Show". He is a graduate of Middlebury College where he won the Stolley Ryan award for top
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Guys and Dolls


stating "It's hard to know which genius, and I do mean genius, to celebrate first while cheering the entertainment at the Martin Beck." It received eight Tony Award nominations, and won four, including Best Revival, and the show also won the Drama Desk Award for Outstanding Revival. This revival featured various revisions to the show's score, including brand new music for the "Runyonland", "A Bushel and a Peck", "Take Back Your Mink" and "Havana". The orchestrations were
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Clam digging


clams legally long enough ( in Nova Scotia) are then taken by hand and put into a peck-size (9 litre) bucket that is used to measure the volume of clams collected. Clam digging on the New England coast is done using a "clam hoe" (a pitchfork with the handle cut off about from the tines then bent about 70 degrees) and a "hod" or "roller" (a half bushel basket built using wood lathes or wire mesh) and hip waders (boot that extend up
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United States customary units


given in cubic feet (at one atmosphere). Minims, drams and gill are rarely used currently. The gill is often referred to as a "half-cup". Dry volume is measured on a separate system, although many of the names remain the same. Small fruits and vegetables are often sold in dry pints and dry quarts. The US dry gallon is less commonly used, and was not included in the handbook that many states recognize as the authority on measurement law. However pecks, or bushels are sometimes
13765297
Daniel Cragin Mill


quart, single peck, and one-half bushel. Because of his success in sales by 1885 Cragin began selling these in full sets, or "nests", that were bound in iron bands. The dry measure volume containers sold varnished, plain, and rough, depending on customer wants. Storekeepers, farmers, and fishermen needed a standard unit of dry measure for their trade products. This was so they could transact and carry on negotiations of their various commodities for bartering and selling. In the later part of the
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The Miller's Three Sons


be ground. The eldest says he will take one peck out of every bushel (a quarter of the total). "Thou art a fool," the old man said. "Thou has not well learnt thy trade" The second son says he will take half, and gets the same reply. The third son says: "Before I will a good living lack, I'll take it all and foresware the sack" In most versions the old man leaves the mill to his youngest son, and dies.
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Dry gallon


The dry gallon, also known as the corn gallon or grain gallon, is a historic British dry measure of volume that was used to measure grain and other dry commodities and whose earliest recorded official definition, in 1303, was the volume of 8 pounds of wheat. It is not used in the US customary system – though it implicitly exists since the US dry measures of bushel, peck, quart, and pint are still used – and is not included in the handbook that many states recognize as the authority on measurement law
20083783
Allan Sherman


Going On?", which was technologically ambitious, with studio guests interacting with multiple live cameras in remote locations. In 1961, he produced a daytime game show for Al Singer Productions called "Your Surprise Package", which aired on CBS with host George Fenneman. In 1951, Sherman recorded a 78-rpm single with veteran singer Sylvia Froos which contained "A Satchel and a Seck," parodying "A Bushel and a Peck" from "Guys and Dolls", coupled with "Jake's Song", parodying "Sam
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Winchester measure


Winchester measure is a set of legal standards of volume instituted in the late 15th century (1495) by King Henry VII of England and in use, with some modifications, until the present day. It consists of the Winchester bushel and its dependent quantities, the peck, (dry) gallon and (dry) quart. They would later become known as the Winchester Standards, named because the examples were kept in the city of Winchester. Winchester measure may also refer to: During the 10th century, the capital city of
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Winchester measure


going by the name "avoirdupois") based the new Exchequer standard on an ancient set of bronze weights found at Winchester and dating to the reign of Edward III. These incidents have led to the widespread belief that the Winchester units of dry capacity measure, namely, the bushel and its dependent quantities the peck, gallon and quart, must have originated in the time of King Edgar. However, contemporary scholarship can find no evidence for the existence of any these units in Britain prior to the Norman Conquest. Furthermore, all
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A Bushel and a Peck


, where all versions of the song are combined, the song reached #5 on December 2, 1950. The song gained so much popularity before the musical actually opened that it was moved from its original spot at the start of the second act into the first act. The number, in context of the show, can be performed either as "Miss Adelaide and her Chick Chick Chickadees," where the girls are dressed in yellow feathers, or as "Miss Adelaide and the Hot Box Farmerettes," where skimpy plantation
6955260
Stephen Wootton Bushell


example of a dictionary written in the 'Phags-pa script, and is the single most important source for studying how Chinese was written in the 'Phags-pa script during the Yuan dynasty. This manuscript is now held at the British Library (callmark Or. 6972). Bushell is best known for his books on Chinese art, and, in particular, Chinese porcelain. In 1883 he was appointed by the Victoria and Albert Museum in London to purchase Chinese porcelain on their behalf, and he acquired a total of
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Just Peck


Just Peck is a 2009 American comedy film directed by Michael A. Nickles and written by Marc Arneson. A skinny high school sophomore dreams up a science project that will make him a living legend, and win him the heart of a pretty senior who sees his true potential. Michael Peck is the kid nobody sees while he's walking down the hall. But when popular senior Emily takes a liking to Michael, he starts to become a little less invisible. Meanwhile, Michael's well meaning yet misguided parents pressure him to enter
2421774
Menggu Ziyun


, a year after his death, Bushell's widow, Florence Bushell, sold the manuscript to the British Museum in London, and it is now held by the British Library (shelfmark Or. 6972). The manuscript is written on thin, brown paper which has been mounted on white backing paper and bound in two traditional stitched volumes, each 24.7 × 17.3 cm. Each folio of the manuscript is 22.5 × 28.8 cm in size, folded in half as is normal in stitch-bound volumes. The text is written
5351344
Anthony Bushell


in New York on 22 November 1928, when he was appearing on Broadway in Maugham's "The Sacred Flame" and she was preparing to open in the musical "Follow Thru". George Arliss saw Bushell on Broadway the play and when he was cast as the lead in his first talkie, the American 1929 film "Disraeli", recommended Bushell for the role of Disraeli's young rival Charles Deeford. Bushell was cast in another American film "Jealousy" (1929), but after shooting was completed all his scenes
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Wild Again


Wild Again (foaled May 22, 1980 in Kentucky – December 5, 2008) was an American Thoroughbred racehorse by Icecapade out of Bushel-N-Peck (by Khaled). He was broken by Tommy Akin, but for the majority of his career was trained by Vincent Timphony. Bred by W Paul Little and owned by Black Chip Stables, he is most famous for winning the inaugural Breeders' Cup Classic in 1984 over Slew o' Gold and Gate Dancer in a famous stretch run where all three battled head-
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Childrey


manor's name comes from the de Frethorne family, who were tenants of the manor by 1166 and remained so until 1357. In 1514 and subsequently the manor was recorded as being held of Baron FitzWarin and his heirs, who held the manor of Wantage. An annual payment of four bushels and two pecks of wheat from Frethornes to the manor of Wantage was still payable in 1771. The manor of Mautravers was held by an Anglo-Saxon freeman called Edmund before the Conquest, and afterwards by Roger de Lacy. The manor
20841960
A Bushel and a Peck


Me, Poppa." A popular recording by Perry Como and Betty Hutton (made on September 12, 1950, and released by RCA Victor first reached the Billboard magazine charts on October 27, 1950, and lasted 18 weeks on the chart, where it peaked at #6. Another contemporary recording that had some popularity was by Margaret Whiting and Jimmy Wakely (recorded on September 13, 1950, and released by Capitol Records. The record first reached the Billboard magazine charts on October 20, 1950, and lasted 13 weeks
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A Bushel and a Peck


on the chart, peaking at #13. Doris Day's recording (made on September 13, 1950, and released by Columbia Records as 78rpm catalog number 39008 and 45rpm catalog number 6-838) made the chart on January 5, 1951, at #30 for one week. Day's rendition of the song enjoyed a surge in popularity due to its usage in a 2017 State Farm Insurance TV commercial. Many other recording artists also did versions of the song. On Cash Box magazine's Best-Selling Record charts
6955259
Bushel


usually credited to Edward I or II defined the London bushel in terms of the larger corn gallon. In either case, the bushel was reckoned to contain 64 pounds of 12 ounces of 20 pence of 32 grains. These measures were based on the relatively light tower pound and were rarely used in Scotland, Ireland, or Wales during the Middle Ages. When the Tower system was abolished in the 16th century, the bushel was redefined as 56 avoirdupois pounds. The imperial bushel established by the Weights and Measures Act of 1824 described
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Guys and Dolls


, perform her nightclub act ("A Bushel and a Peck"). After her show, she asks him, as she has many times before, to go down to city hall and get a marriage license. She also tells Nathan that she has been sending her mother letters for twelve years claiming that they have been married with five children. She is distraught to find out that Nathan is still running the crap game. She consults a medical book, which tells her that her chronic cold is a psychosomatic reaction to
10306146
Treaty of Casco (1678)


that the English should give the Indians one peck of corn annually for each family settled on Indian lands, with the exception of Maj. Phillips of Saco, a great proprietor, who was required to give a bushel for each Native American family. This land use tax symbolized continuing Abenaki sovereignty over Maine. The treaty also provided for closer government regulation of the fur trade. The Pokanoket tribe was prevented from signing the Treaty by an English bounty placed on the lives of every Pokanoket over the age 14. Some argue that the
16571151
Comparison of the imperial and US customary measurement systems


system divides the bushel into 4 pecks, 8 gallons, 32 quarts or 64 pints. Thus all of these imperial measures are about 3% larger than their US dry measure counterparts. Fluid measure is not as straightforward. The American colonists adopted a system based on the 231-cubic-inch wine gallon for all fluid purposes. This became the US fluid gallon. Both the imperial and US fluid gallon are divided into 4 quarts, 8 pints or 32 gills. However, whereas the US gill is divided into 4 US fluid ounces
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Ellen Peck


. In 1969, however, she became rather more widely famous for writing a teenage girl's guide to romance, health, fashion, and beauty called, humorously,"How to Get a Teen-Age Boy, and What to Do With Him When You Get Him", a sort of "Sex and the Single Girl" for teens. At the time the book was taken seriously, but later Ms. Peck claimed it was written merely as "humor" and it is usually missing from subsequent lists of her books. The book
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William H. Peck


, where he owned many acres of citrus groves and started a post office. He was postmaster at the Courtenay Post Office which had a steamer called "Courtenay". Peck's activities were often written about in the "Florida Star" newspaper. He later moved from Courtenay to close by Cocoa, Florida. His daughter Byrnnia Peck married Edward Postell Porcher in Charleston, South Carolina, on December 15. Another daughter, Daisy Peck, wrote for the "Cocoa Tribune". Peck died soon after his wife in 1892 in
21793955
Mickey Bushell


. But Bushell surprised everyone when he started crawling around and eventually walking on his hands in a handstand position. Bushell competed in the 2008 Summer Paralympics in Beijing, China winning silver in the men's T53100 metres – T53 event. He also competed in the 200m event, but was knocked out in the first round. On 19 June 2009, Bushell set a new 100 m T53 world record in Ibach, Switzerland, beating the old record by three one-hundredths of a second. On 3 September, in the
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John Bushell


John Bushell (March 18, 1715 January 22, 1761) was the first printer in what is now Canada. Bushell was born in Boston, Massachusetts and was apprenticed as a printer there. He subsequently worked for a number of different printers and had his own printing business until 1751, when he left for Halifax, Nova Scotia. A partner of Bushell's, Bartholomew Green, following a century-long family tradition in the trade, had left Boston for Halifax in October 1751 and brought all the necessary equipment to set
6930123
Steve Bushell


decade in the professional game, Bushell made the step down to non-league in 2001 when he joined Stalybridge Celtic. His stay at the club was short; he made just eighteen appearances in less than a year with Celtic. Bushell joined Halifax Town later in 2001, and he spent five years with them. He went on loan to Altrincham in late 2005, and was recalled by Halifax in January 2006. He moved there permanently in July 2006. Bushell agreed to stay with Altrincham in May 2007 following their relegation to
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Danielle Peck


debut album when DreamWorks folded and Borchetta founded his own record company entitled Big Machine Records, formerly the present-day record company for Taylor Swift as well as Tim McGraw. In 2005, she released her debut single, "I Don't" (co-written with Clay Mills and Burton Collins). The song peaked at number 28 on the U.S. "Billboard" Hot Country Songs chart. Peck then released her eponymous debut album in June 2006. The album peaked at number 23 on the "Billboard" Top Country
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After Pilkington


After Pilkington is a BBC television drama film (a black comedy) written by Simon Gray, starring Miranda Richardson, Bob Peck and Barry Foster. It was first broadcast in 1987. The quiet life of Oxford professor James Westgate (Bob Peck) is shattered when he is introduced to Penny (Miranda Richardson), the wife of his crass new colleague (Barry Foster). Westgate recognises her as his childhood sweetheart, and the two resume their friendship. Westgate is bored with his mundane college life, including his German friend
21363408
To Kill a Mockingbird (film)


recently sat at a dinner next to a woman who saw it when she was 14-years-old, and she said it changed her life. I hear things like that all the time". The 1962 softcover edition of the novel opens: Harper Lee, in liner notes written for the film's DVD re-release by Universal, wrote: Upon Peck's death in 2003, Brock Peters, who played Tom Robinson in the film version, quoted Harper Lee at Peck's eulogy, saying, "Atticus Finch gave him
21740527
Mirage (1965 film)


Mirage is a 1965 thriller directed by Edward Dmytryk from a screenplay by Peter Stone, based on the 1952 novel "Fallen Angel", written by Howard Fast under the pseudonym Walter Ericson; the novel is not credited by title onscreen. The film stars Gregory Peck, Diane Baker, Walter Matthau, George Kennedy and Kevin McCarthy, and was released by Universal Pictures. When the electricity cuts out in the New York City skyscraper where he works, cost accountant David Stillwell (Gregory Peck) decides to leave by the darkened stairs
687768
Metrication in Canada


the US system. Since the United States is Canada's largest trading partner and vice versa, Canadian exporters and importers must be accustomed to dealing in US customary units as well as metric. Canada uses an Avery or imperial bushel (36.369 litres) when selling oats, wheat, and other grains. When dealing with the US oat markets though, special attention must be paid to the definition of bushel weight because US uses a Winchester bushel (35.239 litres). In livestock auction markets, cattle are sold in dollars per hundredweight
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Russell Peck (scholar)


Russell A. Peck Jr. (born December 17, 1933) is an American medievalist, scholar of medieval literature, and author. He is John Hall Deane Professor of English at the University of Rochester. After a childhood in Wyoming and an undergraduate education at Princeton University, Peck earned a Ph.D. in English from Indiana University in 1963, writing a dissertation on number symbolism in the works of Geoffrey Chaucer. He was a visiting Professor at the University of Hull, England, from 1967 to 1968. Peck has written extensively on medieval
22038413
James Peck (pilot)


also has a militant column, Plane Talk, distributed to more than 100 weekly newspapers through the Associated Negro Press of which Peck was the Aviation Editor. Peck is author of two books, "Armies with Wings" published in 1939 and "So You're Going to Fly?" published in 1941. With his first book, The New York Times magazine called the final chapter "one of the best descriptions of a test pilot's job ever written." Peck was also a member of The National Aeronautic Association and Aircraft
9148859
The Well of Loneliness


Hyman Bushel declined to take the book's literary qualities into account and said "The Well" was "calculated to deprave and corrupt minds open to its immoral influences". Under New York law, Bushel was not a trier of fact; he could only remand the case to the New York Court of Special Sessions for judgement. On 19 April, that court issued a three-paragraph decision stating that "The Well"'s theme – a "delicate social problem" – did not violate the law unless written in such
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John Peck (poet)


shows clear traces of Pound, though Peck’s ideas and metaphors tend to engage rather than insist. Peck writes primarily in free verse, though he does, in his words, “plait phonic elements across both accentual and syllabic grids,” a patterning of sound that he characterizes as having been more influenced by verse written by Pound's friend and contemporary Basil Bunting than by Pound. The final chapter of literary critic Robert Archambeau's book "Laureates and Heretics: Six Careers in American Poetry" is devoted to Peck's life
9548179
Pecking order


pecking order" is often used synonymously. The ultimate function of a pecking order is to increase the individual or inclusive fitness of the animals involved in its formation. Fighting to acquire resources such as food and mates is expensive in terms of time, energy and the risk of injury. By developing a pecking order, animals determine which individuals will get priority of access to resources, particularly when they are limited; there is a reduction in aggression when a pecking order has been developed. Therefore, the proximate functions of a pecking
15962395
Robert Moodie (settler)


mill. That year the crop yields consisted of 75 bushels of wheat, 150 bushels of barley, 300 bushels of oats, five bushels of beans, 200 bushels of potatoes, 40 bushels of turnips, 10 bushels of beets, 35 bushels of carrots, six bushels of pears/plums and 80 tons of hay. The livestock on the land consisted of nine horses/colts, eight milk cows, 13 cattle, 18 sheep, 13 swine and three beehives. These animals produced a total of 700 pounds of butter,
10137773
Chaldron


has estimated that in 1421 it weighed , and that its weight was gradually increased by coal traders due to the taxes on coal (which were charged per chaldron) until 1678 when its weight was fixed by law at , later increased in 1694 to . A London chaldron, on the other hand, was defined as "36 bushels heaped up, each bushel to contain a Winchester bushel and , and to be in diameter". This approximated a weight in coal of around . The chaldron was the legal limit for horse-
11334734
George Armour


was replaced by a steam engine, but not the block and tackle. The amounts being moved were in the tens of thousands of bushels. If the transport of grain was to move into the hundreds of thousands of bushels then changes were needed. When grains from multiple sources were to be co-mingled in silos holding hundred of thousands of bushels, then methods of grading and inspecting the quality of the grain are required. The CBT had been concerned with grading and inspecting products since the day it was founded. In 1856
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Garry Bushell


became the Socialist Workers Party). In 1986, in his '"On the Soap Box" column, Bushell raged against the middle classes, who he claimed had ruined the Labour Party. He has opposed the European Union and unfettered immigration, because he said it undercut working class wages. He has written articles supporting the Smithfield meat porters who were fighting to preserve their market, and in favour of the UDR Four, working class comedians and Page 3 girls. In the 2000s, his focus has been on patriotism and
10004932
Garry Bushell


published two more Harry Tyler novels, "Two-Faced" and "Facedown". A fourth is due out in 2020. After "The Sun", Bushell wrote for "The People" until 18 February 2007 when he left to work on books and screenplays. He announced his resignation as a TV critic, stating that he was becoming depressed at the state of British television. In 2005, Bushell co-wrote "Cockney Reject" the autobiography of Jeff "Stinky" Turner (née Geggus) of punk band
10004923
John Mortimer (agriculturalist)


The fifteenth book has five chapters on English liquors, as ale, cyder, and fruit wines. About agricultural lime, Mortimer prescribed, that it had to be used at the rate of 160 bushels to an acre, and laid in cinders in a bushel to a pole square, covered with earth, and spread when dissolved—but better in being carried hot on the land. It makes corn grow with a thin bark, and does not last above five years. Forty bushels or soot were sown by hand on an
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SS Onoko


bit of the cargo was wet. It was thought that the "Onoko" could carry 115,000 to 120,000 bushels of wheat. The Onoko's capacity to carry oats was believed to be at around 155,000 bushels. The Buffalo Courier provides an accurate account of when the "Onoko" arrived in Buffalo. It said that "About noon on Saturday the new iron steamer "Onoko" arrived here with something over 88,000 bushels wheat. She left Chicago last Tuesday at 4:20PM and her time in coming down was three days and nineteen and
22003913
John Bushell


up a printing shop. He died shortly after his arrival and Bushell went to Halifax to continue the business. Bushell's first publication was issued from his shop on Grafton Street on March 23, 1752. The "Halifax Gazette" was published as a subscription newspaper and was a single broadside sheet, printed on both sides. This probably was the first work of any kind printed in Canada. He went on to print the "Gazette" and became the King's printer until his death, when the Gazette and the role
6930124
Tangut language


independence from the Song dynasty at the beginning of the 11th century. The Western Xia were annihilated when Genghis Khan invaded in 1226. The Tangut language has its own script, the Tangut script. The latest known text written in the Tangut language, the Tangut dharani pillars, dates to 1502, suggesting that the language was still in use nearly three hundred years after the destruction of the Tangut people. Modern research into the Tangut languages began in the late 19th century and early 20th century when S. W. Bushell, Gabriel Devéria,
17584777
Everett Peck


Everett Peck (born October 9, 1950) is an American illustrator, comics artist, cartoonist and animator. He is best known as the creator of "Duckman" and "Squirrel Boy". Peck's drawings have appeared in "The New Yorker", "Playboy" and "Time", as well as numerous books, comics and movie posters. He has participated in gallery shows in Tokyo, Los Angeles, New York, and Washington, D.C., and has written animated cartoons for "Rugrats", "
17483185
Mathilda B. Canter


, and she took to academics early in life. When Bushel was years old, Bushel's mother asked the local school to allow the child to attend classes with her siblings. At the age of 15, Bushel enrolled at Brooklyn College. After completing an undergraduate degree in sociology, she pursued a master's degree at Columbia University, completing all of the requirements except for a thesis. She married Army psychologist Aaron Canter, and the couple moved to Arizona in 1949. Canter stayed home to raise her children for a few
10757021
Thomas Bushell


Thomas Bushell (c. 1834 – 12 September 1865) was a convict transported to Western Australia. He was hanged in 1865 after attacking a warder. Thomas Bushell was born in Ireland around 1834; nothing is known of his early life. At the age of twenty-two he was an unmarried, semi-literate soldier serving at Malta, with a bad army record, when he struck a superior officer and was sentenced to life imprisonment and transportation. Assuming normal procedure, he would have spent the first two years of his
12937359
Thomas Bushell (mining engineer)


Thomas Bushell (c. 1593 – 1674) was a servant of Francis Bacon who went on to become a mining engineer and defender of Lundy Island for the Royalist cause during the Civil War. He had an interest in solitary and penitential living which has led him to be identified as a forerunner of the secular hermits of the Georgian period. Thomas Bushell was born around 1593 and was a servant of Bacon's from around 1608 until Bacon's impeachment (when he was a cause of charges of corruption being brought against Bacon).
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Christopher Bushell


Lieutenant Colonel Christopher Bushell VC DSO (31 October 1888 – 8 August 1918) was an English recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces. Bushell was 29 years old, and a temporary lieutenant colonel in the 7th (S) Battalion, The Queen's Royal West Surrey Regiment, British Army, Commander during the First World War when the following deed took place for which he was awarded the Victoria Cross. On
579634
The Dove (1974 film)


producer. His first effort, an adaptation of the play, "The Trial of the Catonsville Nine", had not been a success so he spent six months reading material to find his next project. Peck was told about the series of articles on Graham that were in "National Geographic" and that a book was being written about him. Peck read the book while it was still in galleys. "I was attracted really because of the character of the boy," said Peck. "He was a very odd
15574313
1967 VFA Grand Final


the establishment of the sport. Many sources written decades after the match give a different interpretation of the game, and indicate that it was only after the incident between Jackson and Peck which sparked the walk-off that Peck began to concede free kicks – carrying an implication that Jackson deliberately umpired Peck out of the game as retribution. This version of events was given in a 1989 edition of the "Recorder", and on the AFL's 150 Greatest Moments website. However, all newspaper reports from 1967 dispute this, and
17816932
The World a Department Store


The World a Department Store: A Story of Life Under a Coöperative System is a utopian novel written by Bradford C. Peck, and published by him in 1900. The book was one entrant in the wave of utopian and dystopian writing that occurred in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Moreover, Peck's book was one of the minority of utopian works of the time that was linked to an effort at practical application of its ideas. Bradford Peck (1853–1935) has been compared to King Gillette as a successful businessman of
17980687
Peck's Bad Girl


Peck's Bad Girl is a 1918 comedy film directed by Charles Giblyn, written by Tex Charwate, produced by Samuel Goldwyn, and starring Mabel Normand and Earle Foxe. The black and white silent film was released by the Goldwyn Pictures Corporation (a forerunner of Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer) in 35mm on September 2, 1918. The picture's running time is 50 minutes. The status of this film is that it is now lost. There was also a 1959 TV series titled "Peck's Bad Girl" starring
713905
Oxford County, Ontario


pioneers was wheat. In 1852 it was estimated that the county had produced 611,000 bushels, of which 450,000 bushels were exported. When wheat yields fell as a result of soil exhaustion and insect infestations by the 1860s, greater reliance was placed on dairying for butter and cheesemaking. Corn and soybean production now compete with dairying for available farmland, driving up land prices. Wheat is also resurgent. In 1852, only 2,700 acres were devoted to corn. By 2012, corn was being grown on 158,000 acres, producing 25 million bushels
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Warin Foster Bushell


rude health. The concert hall at Solihull School bears his name. He remained at Solihull School until 1927. At Solihull, his foresight was critical to the school's expansion at its present large urban site of some sixty-five acres (260,000 m²). In the 1920s, Bushell bought much of the land himself when the school's governors refused to do so. On his retirement, Bushell sold the land to the school at the price he had paid. Upon leaving Solihull School, he went out for three years
14023381
Roger Bushell


During the night of 8/9 October 1941, the train stopped briefly in Hannover, where Bushell and Czechoslovak Pilot Officer Jaroslav Zafouk jumped from the train and escaped, unnoticed at the time by the German guards. Earlier in the journey, six other officers had escaped by jumping off the train while it was moving slowly; one was immediately recaptured and one officer was killed when he fell under the wheels. Bushell and Zafouk made their way to Prague in occupied Czechoslovakia. Using Zafouk's contacts, they made contact with the Czech underground
8230889
Old Bushells Factory


The Old Bushells Factory is a heritage-listed former Bushells Tea factory and warehouse, now used as shops, offices and an art gallery, located at 86-88 George Street in the inner city Sydney suburb of The Rocks in the City of Sydney local government area of New South Wales, Australia. No. 86 was designed by Walter Liberty Vernon; and both buildings were built from 1886 to 1912. It is also known as the Old Bushells Factory and Warehouse; Bushells Place; Bushells Warehouse and Bushells Offices; and
12989942
Louis P. Peck


Division. Peck served in combat in France, Belgium, and Luxembourg, and during March 1945's Operation Varsity, he was wounded when his glider came under enemy fire. Unable to move because his legs had been shattered by shrapnel and bullets, Peck was injured again when another glider crashed into him as it was landing. He spent more than two years recuperating in hospitals overseas and in the United States, and was discharged as a captain in 1947. Peck's awards included the Purple Heart. After his recuperation, Peck
16059961
Clara J. Peck


"Nurses, like poets, are born, not made, and Mrs. Peck is a shining example of this truth." Thornton married Delbert Stephen Peck in 1883. They had three children; a son died young, and two daughters, Saza and Cora, survived Clara. She was widowed when Delbert Peck died in 1899. Clara Peck died in 1926, age 64. An elementary school in the Glenwood section of Greensboro has been named for Clara J. Peck since 1929. The county sanatorium Peck helped to found is now
11248205
Menggu Ziyun


aid for interpreting Yuan dynasty texts and inscriptions written in Chinese using the 'Phags-pa script, and as a source for the reconstructed pronunciation of Old Mandarin. The British Library manuscript was acquired by the antiquarian and art historian S. W. Bushell when he worked as a physician at the British Legation in Beijing, China from 1868 to 1900, probably in 1872 during a trip to Inner Mongolia and the ruins of Shangdu, the fabled summer capital of the Yuan emperors then known as "Xanadu" in English. In April 1909
5351343
Peck Up Your Troubles


Peck Up Your Troubles is a 1945 animated short featuring Sylvester the Cat. It was written by Michael Maltese and directed by Friz Freleng. The cartoon marked the first appearance of Sylvester's long-time foe Hector the Bulldog, who would later become a recurring character in Tweety and Sylvester cartoons. The woodpecker would later reappear in "A Peck o' Trouble", a Dodsworth Cat cartoon directed by Robert McKimson in 1953. It's that time again. Sylvester is determined to get a male woodpecker that just moved in,
1626350
Winifred Peck


Winifred Peck, née Knox, (1882–1962) was an English novelist and biographer. Winifred Frances Knox was born in Headington, England in 1882. Her father was Edmund Arbuthnott Knox, the fourth Bishop of Manchester. Knox was one of the first 40 pupils to attend Wycombe Abbey School, and she went on to read Modern History at Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford. Knox's first book, written in 1909, was a biography of Louis IX. In 1911 she married James Peck, a British civil servant. Ten years
3624856
Fairgrove, Michigan


, 39,582; of corn, 67,643; tons of hay, 1,204.” Population, 1,056; bushels of wheat raised, 5,900; bushels of corn raised, 17,747; bushels of potatoes, 10,774; tons of hay cut, 1,580. Population, 928; number of farms, 128; voters, 185; pounds of wool sheared, 3,345; pounds of butter made, 43,790; bushels of wheat raised, 6,677; bushels of potatoes raised, 8,489; tons of hay cut, 1,233; bushels of corn raised,
1163139
Drift House: The First Voyage


Drift House: The First Voyage is a 2005 children's novel written by Dale Peck. This was Peck's first children's book; he is best known as a polemicist reviewer, and adult novelist. In 2007 and 2008, Chicago Public Schools placed the novel on their recommended reading list for School Grades 6–8. Dale Peck wrote the book after a friend living in Cape Cod described a dream he had had about his house floating out to sea. He cites The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe by C.S. Lewis as
11270867
Garry Bushell


Bushell's crime novel "The Face" about undercover detective Harry Tyler was serialised in the "Daily Star", leading to his dismissal from "The Sun", even though the book's publisher John Blake admitted Bushell had no knowledge of the serialisation deal. Two years after Bushell was fired, a poll of "Sun" readers named him their favourite columnist. In 2002, Bushell published the book "King of Telly: The Best of Bushell on the Box", containing highlights of his column. He has since
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Fairgrove, Michigan


4,726; bushels of oats raised, 7,175. Population, 367; families, 91; dwellings, 91; number of occupied farms, 87; number of acres improved, 1,398; number of horses, 15; number of cows, 114; bushels of wheat-raised, 1,396; bushels of rye raised, 48; bushels of corn raised, 1,363; bushels of oats raised, 1,082; bushels of potatoes raised, 1,325; pounds of butter made, 5,940. The "Michigan Bean Festival" is held in Fairgrove
1163140
Annie Smith Peck


Huascarán calculations had been wrong; she had misjudged the altitude by about , calculating it as due to broken altimeters, meaning that Peck had obtained the Americas record in the Western Hemisphere, while Workman remained the world record holder for highest altitude climb. In 1911, at the age of 61, Peck climbed one of the five peaks on Coropuna in Peru. Peck, an ardent suffragist, when she reached the top of Coropuna, Peck placed a "Votes for Women" banner at the summit. Peck later wrote a book
1527231
Toe pecking


weight) when afflicted by toe-pecking. The act of toe pecking leads to open wounds which are viable for infection and disease to develop. In severe forms, toe pecking can be classified as a cannibalistic behaviour and has been reported as a cause of mortality. Chickens kept in captivity are more likely to engage in abnormal behaviours such as toe pecking. The abnormal behaviour of toe pecking is suggested to be influenced by multiple causes. Some mainstream theories include; Addressing these issues and providing viable solutions is an important part of
18278221
Imperial and US customary measurement systems


bushel was not fully standardized and the Chicago Mercantile Exchange still (May 2013) uses different bushels for different commodities—a bushel of corn being 56 lb, a bushel of oats 38 lb and a bushel of soybeans 60 lb and a bushel of red winter wheat (both hard and soft) also 60 lb. Other commodities at the exchange are reckoned in pounds, in short tons or in metric tons. One of the actions taken by Congress was to permit the use of the metric system in trade (1866),
12851558
A Day No Pigs Would Die


No Pigs Would Die" was written over the course of three weeks and became Peck's first published work. While skipping school one day, twelve-year-old Rob Peck finds himself assisting a neighbor's cow through the delivery of a pair of calves (and saving her life from her goiter), an action that earns him a piglet he names Pinky. Pinky quickly becomes Rob's best friend and closest companion save for his father, Haven, a butcher working to save money to pay off the Peck family's
14851396
Richard Peck (writer)


" He always hands in a completed manuscript, and his editor is his first reader. Although Peck found a way to connect to readers around the world, he refused to embrace new technology. He typed his material on a typewriter. He wrote two books that have a tech-savvy setting. Peck believed each book should be a question, not an answer. He also believed that before anything else can happen a book needs to be entertaining. He wrote many award-winning novels. His collected papers written between 1972
9888519
Vent pecking


Vent pecking is an abnormal behaviour of birds performed primarily by commercial egg-laying hens. It is characterised by pecking damage to the cloaca, the surrounding skin and underlying tissue. Vent pecking frequently occurs immediately after an egg has been laid when the cloaca often remains partly everted exposing the mucosa, red from the physical trauma of oviposition or bleeding if the tissue is torn by her laying an egg. Vent pecking clearly causes pain and distress to the bird being pecked. Tearing of the skin increases susceptibility to disease and may lead
16968974
James Peck (pacifist)


He did not press charges. On July 7, 1950, Peck traveled to the U.N. Assembly at Lake Success, where it was discussed if the U.S. should enter the Korean War. Peck and three other pacifists passed out literature against the war, and Peck made it into the building without being noticed. Peck found himself at the delegates entrance door, and entered when the meeting began. He passed out his literature to most delegates before security realized what he was doing. Peck was carried out of the room by security,
6303752
Hal Peck


that year due to a shooting accident, when attempting to shoot rats on his farm, which ended the White Sox attempt to purchase Peck. The Brooklyn Dodgers gave Peck a brief trial in 1943, but he missed the majority of the season recovering from his foot injury. The Chicago Cubs claimed Peck on waivers, and sold him to Milwaukee. Peck returned to the Brewers in the 1944 season, and demonstrated that he could still play by recording a .345 batting average with 18 stolen bases. The Philadelphia Athletics purchased Peck from
8507825
Louis P. Peck


and the chief judge was appointed to the Supreme Court when a vacancy occurred. Larrow was serving on the Superior Court at the time of his appointment to the Supreme Court, but was not the chief judge.) Peck's tenure was best known for his challenge to Vermont's mandatory retirement law for judges. The state constitution required judges to retire at age 70; when Peck refused to retire after turning 70, the state sued to remove him. Peck argued that federal laws prohibiting age discrimination should take precedence over the state
16059967
James Peck (pacifist)


a guest speaker for the rally in Detroit that gathered over a thousand demonstrators. When the Test-Ban Treaty was signed by the U.S. and U.S.S.R in 1963, Peck claimed the credit was due to the nonviolent direct actions over the past decade. Throughout the antinuclear campaign, Peck opposed the use of nuclear weapons by all nations, and he chanted the popular pacifist slogan: "No Tests – East or West." In October 1964, when China conducted its first nuclear test, Peck took part in the first American protest
6303763
Feather pecking


different motivational basis. Early experience can influence severe feather pecking in later life. Commercial egg-laying hens have often already begun feather pecking when they are transferred to the egg laying farm from the rearing farm at approximately 16–20 weeks of age, and plumage quality can then rapidly deteriorate until peak lay at approximately 25 weeks of age. Severe feather pecking can either begin or persist beyond this age although it rarely begins after 40 weeks of age. Although there are links between gentle feather pecking and severe feather pecking, it is still
14696627
Stephen M. Peck


, Berg and Co., was committed to youth charities and an active supporter of Camp Williams, which provided free vacations to underprivileged children. Peck graduated from the Fieldston School in New York and with a bachelor's degree in economics from the Wharton School of Business at the University of Pennsylvania. In 1956, while still attending college, Peck became one of the youngest members of the New York Stock Exchange, when his father bought him a seat. Peck then worked at his father's specialist Wall Street firm. When his father
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