Xu Guangda [SEP] military rank
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Xu Guangda


Xu Guangda () (November 19, 1908 – June 3, 1969) was a People's Liberation Army general who was conferred the "Da Jiang" (Grand General) rank in 1955. His former name was Xu Dehua. Xu Guangda joined the Communist Youth League of China in 1925 and the Communist Party of China later the same year. At the age of 18, Xu went to Whampoa Military Academy. A year later, he was appointed the platoon leader on probation in the 4th Army of National Revolutionary Army
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Former Residence of Xu Guangda


The Former Residence of Xu Guangda or Xu Guangda's Former Residence () was built in the late Qing Dynasty in Huangxing Town, Changsha County, Hunan, China where a People's Liberation Army general who was conferred the Da jiang (Grand General) rank, Xu Guangda, was born. It has a building area of about , embodies buildings such as the old houses and the Exhibition Room. It is currently a significant tourist attraction in Changsha. The residence was built in the 34th Year of Emperor Guangxu (1908)
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Xu Guangda


In June 1969, Xu died at the age of 61 years through eighteen months of trial and persecution. In June 3, 1977, the Central Military Commission, issued on the 6th file to prove his innocence. The chief of the propaganda department of the Hunan provincial party committee, Lu Jianping expressed great respect to Xu Guangda and kind greetings to their relatives. He said, Xu Guangda was a loyal communist fighter, a great proletarian revolutionist and an outstanding strategist. He made great contributions to the founding of the People's
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Xu Guangda


Republic of China, devoting his whole life and energy to the party and the people. He contributed himself to the national independence of China and the liberation of the Chinese people. Lu Jianping also called on the people to take Xu Guangda as an example and to learn from his noble character, and promote his revolutionary spirit. Xu Guangda's son, Xu Qinxian, also became an officer in the PLA. In 1989 he was serving as the head of the Beijing-based 38th Group Army, but was relieved from his
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Former Residence of Xu Guangda


in the Qing Dynasty with 14 rooms. On 19 November 1908, Xu Guangda was born in its front room. In 1954, a catastrophic flood destroyed some houses. In March 2005, when Vice-President Zeng Qinghong inspected Changsha County, he gave an order to renovate the residence. In 2011, it was listed as a provincial culture and relics site in Hunan by the Hunan Provincial Government. The Rangxian Stele with in height and in width and weighs , is inscribed with a letter written by Xu Guangda to Mao Zedong
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Xu Guangda


the minister of anti-Japan training college, the principal of the third college, engaged in military theory of Marxism, cultivated anti-Japan cadre. In January 1941, Xu was appointed as the minister of revolutionary military commission as well as the communist party secretary general staff of the central committee, and Yan’an traffic commander, air defense commander, sincerely commander, later the military commander of 120 independent of the eighth route, army division brigade major and the commander of JinSui military area 2nd second, carried out guerrilla warfare civilian
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Xu Guangda


1956, in the Chinese Communist Party of the Eighth National People's Congress, he was elected as a member of the CPC Central Committee. In September 1959, he was appointed as Deputy Secretary of Defense of the People's Republic of China. In February 1967, Kang Sheng, Lin Biao, and He Long were engaged in a mutiny. Xu Guangda was charged as "mutiny Chief of General Staff". In January 16, 1967, the rebels searched the house of Xu Guang, and then illegally detained him.
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Xu Guangda


in the same year, during the Battle Humei, which was against the KMT Hu Zong, he led the troops to detour behind enemy lines, break the enemy's retreat, which made a great contribution to ensuring the whole victory. Then he led his army by setting off to the west, conquered the main enemy positions in Nanshan and seized the Yellow River Bridge. At last, they wiped out the whole of the enemy with the 19th corps and liberated Lanzhou. In April 1950, Xu Guangda was appointed as the
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Xu Guangda


red army of workers and peasants in China's sixth army. He took turns to act as the army chief, the political committee member and division commander and so on. He took part in opening up the Soviet area centered on Honghu and for many times joined the counter-campaigns against "encirclement and suppression". In the Soviet union in 1932, he successively attended the International Leninism College and Oriental Laborer Communist University to study. During the Second Sino-Japanese War, Xu Guangda returned to China, successively took on
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Xu Guangda


and military leadership in Wu Zhai, Shen Chi, partial shut area, strengthened and expanded the anti-Japan base areas. At the beginning of the communist takeover, he served as commander of the Jinsui Military Region Column 3. In August 1947, he led the number 3 column cross the Yellow River, changing them to belong the Northwest Field Army (later named the First Field Army). He also took part in the Battle of Shajiadian, Yan and Qing. In January 1949, he was appointed commander. July
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Xu Guangda


was born on November 19, 1908 in Changsha County, Hunan Province. His former name is Xu Dehua. He went to the primary school at the age of seven. In 1921, he went to the Changsha Normal University, and actively participated in the patriotic student movement. In May 1925 he joined the Communist Youth League of China, and in September he joined the Chinese Communist Party. In October 1929, Xu was sent by the central command to Honghu revolutionary base areas. In February 1930, he participated in a
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Xu Guangda


. He took part in the Nanchang Uprising the same year, designated as the platoon leader and the substituted company commander. During the period of Agrarian Revolutionary War, Xu had held successively the post of: Staff of the 6 Army in the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army, Political Commissar and Commander of the 17 Divisional Army, Regimental Commander of the 22nd Regiment of the Eighth Divisional Army of 3 Red Army, Commander of the 8 Divisional Army, Regimental Commander of the 25th Regiment of 3 Red Army. He
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Xu Guangda


commander and political commissar of the Chinese People's Liberation Army armored units. He began to build the armored corps, started to investigate new domestic tanks (Type 59 tanks and Type 62 light tanks). In September 1950, Xu began to serve as president of the Chinese People's Liberation Army fighting vehicles school at the same time. In January 1951, he inspected the Korean War front-line. After returning to China, he organized the tanks of Chinese People's Volunteers Force, which entered into combat afterwards. In
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Xu Caihou


Session of the 17th Central Committee. Xu retired from the Central Military Commission in 2013. According to numerous reports in Chinese and international media, the practice of exchanging "cash for ranks" was widespread during Xu's term as Vice-Chairman; the practice was ostensibly common from the highest-ranking officers to the rank-and-file petty officers. According to sources in the army, Xu's power during his CMC Vice-Chairmanship was largely unchecked, they cited an example where one officer attempted to bribe Xu with
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Xu Caihou


proxy in the military." During his term as Central Military Commission Vice-Chairman, beginning in 2004, Xu wielded significant authority over personnel decisions in the upper echelons of the military. Xu was seen by some observers as the day-to-day executive authority in the upper military ranks because CPC General Secretary and Central Military Chairman Hu Jintao, nominally Xu's superior, took a relatively hands-off approach to military affairs. In 2007, he was named to the 25-member Politburo, being elected at the 1st Plenary
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Xu Caihou


the party's 16th National Congress, Xu became a member of the Secretariat of the Communist Party of China, a body in charge of the implementation of party policy. Xu's rapid promotions at around the turn of the century were attributed to the support given to him by then-Central Military Commission Chairman Jiang Zemin. Observers believe that through Xu, Jiang continued to influence affairs in the military despite his official retirement in 2004; some retired officers simply described Xu and his partner of equal rank Guo Boxiong as "Jiang's
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Gu Junshan


step away from becoming one of the directors of the PLA's "big national departments", and potentially achieving a full General ("shangjiang") rank. Gu's meteoric rise was linked to Central Military Commission Vice Chairman and Politburo member Xu Caihou. Gu worked under Xu when Xu was the chief political commissar of the Jinan Military Region in the late 1990s. During Xu's daughter's wedding reception, Gu allegedly gave a cash card worth some 20 million yuan (~$3.2 million) to Xu's daughter. Since Gu
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Xu Caihou


ten million yuan to secure a higher rank, another officer 'outbid' the first one with twenty million yuan (~$3.2 million), so Xu annulled the arrangement with the first officer. Other accusations suggested that during Xu's term in office, an implicit set of prices were attached to each rank in the army as well as other 'privileges' such as party membership. It was reported in March 2014 that Xu, then aged 70, had been diagnosed with bladder cancer and was undergoing extensive treatment at the 301 Military
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Xu Caihou


he stayed on the role for just over a year, being promoted again to lieutenant general in the process. In 1996, he became the political commissar of the Jinan Military Region, with a vast area of jurisdiction over military units in several eastern Chinese provinces. Xu's mission in facilitating "political affairs" in the military meant that, in practice, he was in charge of the promotion and performance evaluation of army officers. In 1999, Xu was promoted to the rank of General ("Shang Jiang"),
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Xu Yong (general)


Xu Yong (; born 1959) is a lieutenant general ("zhong jiang") of the People's Liberation Army (PLA) of China. He has been Commander of the Tibet Military District since 2013. Xu Yong was born in 1959 in Baoji, Shaanxi Province. He holds a master's degree from PLA National Defence University. Xu began his career as a military scout, and fought in the Sino-Vietnamese War in 1979. He rose through the ranks to become battalion commander, division commander, corps-level
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Former Residence of Huang Xing


, it was designated as provincial level key cultural heritage. In 1984, the Exhibition Hall of Huang Xing's Life () was added. In 1988, it was listed as a "Major Historical and Cultural Site Protected at the National Level" by the State Council of China. The Former Residence of Huang Xing open to visitors for free. The Former Residence of Huang Xing is closed on Mondays, and is open from 9:00 am to 17:00 pm daily. Nearby attractions include the Former Residence of Xu Guangda and the Tomb
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List of Dream Coder episodes


-eye on the 'Try On Glasses' app. Their project director, Zhong Zhenlong, tries to mediate. Zhenlong's elder sister, Yayun, is a rich housewife. Her husband, Ouyang Fan, is the owner of a chain of eyewear stores. She dotes on her daughter, Keke, and is dependent on Zhenlong for the smooth running of her domestic affairs. Xu Guangda is the sales representative for Meiya Eyewear. He is friendly and promotes his products enthusiastically. Yayun feels he is dishonest and thinks badly of
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Xu Caihou


Xu Caihou (; June 1943 – March 15, 2015) was a Chinese general in the People's Liberation Army (PLA) and Vice-Chairman of the Central Military Commission (CMC), the country's top military council. As Vice-Chairman of the CMC, he was one of the top ranking officers of the People's Liberation Army. He also held a seat on the 25-member Politburo of the Communist Party of China between 2007 and 2012. Born to a working-class family in Liaoning province, Xu spent
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Xu Junping


Xu Junping (徐俊平) was a senior colonel in the People's Liberation Army who defected to the United States in December 2000. He is the highest-ranking defector from the PLA, and his defection was described as one of the worst intelligence losses in China's history. Xu was an American specialist within the PLA and an expert on disarmament. Prior to his defection, Xu was responsible for day-to-day military contact between China and the Americas. Prior to his defection, Xu was the director of the
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Xu Haidong


capturing local arms and supplies. Forces under Xu rose to 60 men before being defeated by government forces later in 1927. Government forces attempted to capture Xu, but he escaped. In late 1929 Xu joined a group of communist guerillas active around the Hubei-Henan border area. After Joining the Red Army, Xu rose quickly within the military ranks of the Hunan–Hubei–Jiangxi Soviet. Xu's first serious injury occurred in 1931, during a battle with Nationalist forces, when he was shot twice by a machine gun
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One Rank, One Pension


and 85 Indian Military Academy; and officers from the 14 Army Education Course; and twenty five officers and their families came from Jaipur. The movement continues to gain momentum, and perceptible increase in support and participation by former high-ranking officers of the armed forces, from Lt generals, Admirals, air marshals, Group Captains, and Colonels. Old veterans included Sep Ram Kishan, 93 years, Armoured Corp veteran of World War II; Sep Ram Bharose Yadav, 85 years, a blind veteran of 72 Medium Artillery;
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He Long


1943 he was promoted to be the overall commander of Communist forces in Shanxi, Shaanxi, Gansu, Ningxia, and Inner Mongolia. By the end of World War II He commanded a force of approximately 175,000 troops across northwestern China. He's most notable subordinates included Zhang Zongxun, Xu Guangda, and Peng Shaohui. He was successful in expanding Communist base areas throughout the period of World War II. Part of He's success was due to the social confusion caused by Japan's Ichi-Go offensive in the areas of China
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Xu Caihou


the highest non-wartime rank in the PLA, and also joined the Central Military Commission, in addition to taking charge of the General Political Department (GPD) as its executive deputy head. In December 2000 he was named the head of the Commission for Discipline Inspection of the Central Military Commission, the military's anti-graft and disciplinary enforcement body. Xu's ascendancy in the military also resulted in his rise in the Communist Party's political hierarchy. In November 2002, he assumed full leadership over the GPD. At
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Gu Junshan


investigation, Gu gave evidence against Xu Caihou, alleging that Xu offered promotions in exchange for money. Soon after, Xu became subject to his own corruption probe, and on June 30, Xu was expelled from the Communist Party of China. Gu was tried in secret in military court, as is customary for officers of his rank. It was reported in August 2015 that Gu was convicted on charges of embezzlement, taking bribes, giving bribes, moving public funds, and abuse of power. He was sentenced to death,
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Xu Chu


son Cao Pi ended the Eastern Han dynasty and established the state of Wei, marking the start of the Three Kingdoms period. Cao Pi became emperor and he also favoured Xu Chu greatly. He promoted Xu Chu to General of the Military Guards (武衞將軍), put him in charge of the palace guards and enfeoffed him as the Marquis of Wansui Village (萬歲亭侯). The original "Tiger Warriors" under Xu Chu's command were all commissioned as officers, but only slightly more than 10 of them rose through the ranks
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Xu Caihou


-day Dalian. He achieved high scores on his "Gaokao" exams and was admitted to the elite Harbin Military Engineering Institute in Harbin, where he studied electrical engineering. The institute was a feeder school for the army, and produced many graduates who later went on to become high-ranking officers in the PLA. In April 1966, just prior to the beginning of the Cultural Revolution, Xu Caihou, along with all the students attending the institute, were mandated by the government to leave the military to take on civilian
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List of Dream Coder episodes


to apologise to her and Keke before he died. Jingcheng encounters a businessman, Joel, who thinks highly of him. Joel offers to help him set up his own company. Jingcheng declines. Yayun realises Guangda is very concerned about her. Jealous, Hongyi confronts Guangda and insists the latter should stop pursuing her. Episode 19 - Guangda admits to Hongyi that he likes Yayun. They decide to compete fairly. Guangda comes realise Keke keeps throwing tantrums because she doesn’t understand Ouyang Fan has died. Using a story, he
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Xu Fenlin


Xu Fenlin (; born July 1953) is a retired general ("shang jiang") of the Chinese People's Liberation Army who served as Deputy Chief of the Joint Staff from 2016 to 2017. Prior to that, he was the final Commander of the Guangzhou Military Region between 2009 and 2016, before its abolition in January 2016. Xu Fenlin was born in July 1953 in Jintan, Jiangsu Province. He has a bachelor's degree in economics and management from the Central Party School. He attained the rank of major general
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Xu Yong (general)


chief of staff, and then commander of the 13th Group Army in 2008. He attained the rank of major general in 2007. After the Great Sichuan earthquake occurred in May 2008, Xu was the first general to arrive at the epicenter Yingxiu with his soldiers to join the rescue mission. At the time, his 19-year-old son had just died of cancer a month before. Xu Yong was appointed commander of the Tibet Military District in July 2013, replacing Yang Jinshan. On 15 July 2014, he was promoted to
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New Citizens' Movement


suppress the New Citizens' Movement. Xu Zhiyong, founder of the movement, was arrested on July 16, 2013. Another prominent businessman and financial supporter of the movement, Wang Gongquan, was arrested on Sep 13, 2013. The New Citizens' Spirit was first established by Xu Zhiyong in his article "New Citizens' Spirit - Free, Righteous, Loving". The New Citizens' logo is the word "公民" (citizen) handwritten by Sun Yat-sen. The characters are in white on a blue
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Cen Xu


commissar of the Nanjing Military Region. While in this position, he worked alongside VADM Xu Hongmeng and VADM Du Jingchen, and East Sea Fleet Commander VADM Su Zhiqian. Cen attained the rank of rear admiral in July 2002 and vice admiral in July 2009. In December 2011, Cen was promoted to deputy political commissar of the PLA Navy. He served in that position for less than a year before being appointed assistant to the director of the PLA General Political Department, a deputy-military-region-level position, in
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Yang Pu


Ben the military governor of Desheng Circuit (德勝, headquartered in modern Hefei). Zhou initially wanted to receive Yang Meng, but Zhou Ben's son Zhou Hongzuo (周弘祚) detained Zhou Ben and arrested Yang Meng. Xu Gao, in Yang Pu's name, ordered Yang Meng demoted to commoner rank and executed. Shortly after, Yang Pu issued an edict passing the throne to Xu Gao. In winter 937, Xu Gao accepted, establishing Southern Tang (as its Emperor Liezu). Instead of the usual dynastic transitions
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Flight officer


. Flight officer was a United States Army Air Forces rank used during World War II, from 1942 to 1945; the rank being created on Sep 10, 1942 On 5 November 1942 military glider pilots were commissioned flight officers after the completion of their training. The new rank insignia was nicknamed "the blue pickle". The rank is equivalent to Warrant Officer Junior Grade (WOJG) which is today's Warrant Officer (NATO grade: W-1). Enlisted and aviation cadet trainees who successfully passed air qualification training were appointed as
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Li Bian


succeed Li Jian. Xu Zhigao, however, ignoring Xu Zhixun's recommendations, made the general Chai Zaiyong (柴再用) the military governor of Wuchang, drawing Xu Zhixun's ire. Given Xu Zhixun's military strength, Xu Zhigao feared him, but Xu Zhixun's arrogance alienated his younger brothers, particularly both Xu Zhihui and Xu Zhijian; Xu Zhihui secretly reported Xu Zhixun's actions to Xu Zhigao, while Xu Zhijian, at Guangling, participated in Xu Zhigao's machinations against Xu Zhixun. Xu Jie, who had previously
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Xu Jie (Southern Tang)


though Xu Zhigao remained in control of Wu's imperial government, Xu Zhixún, at Jinling (金陵, in modern Nanjing, Jiangsu), controlled the largest army of the state, and he, wielding that authority, contended for decision-making with Xu Zhigao, who tried to curb Xu Zhixun's military power. Given Xu Zhixún's military strength, Xu Zhigao feared him, but Xu Zhixún's arrogance alienated his younger biological brothers. Xu Jie, who had previously supported Xu Zhixún, also realized that Xu Zhixun lacked
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List of Dream Coder episodes


his frugal habits. Fang Ru's parents, Tianren and Mei’e, are retired doctors. They had hoped Fang Ru would follow in their footsteps. Disappointed, they despise her current job. Ouyang Fan's cheque to Guangda's company has bounced. Guangda is forced by his superior to track Ouyang Fan down for prompt payment. He goes to Ouyang Fan's house. Entering the master bedroom, he sees Yayun in an alluring nightgown. Episode 2 - Yayun mistakes Guangda for a pervert. Fortunately, Ouyang Fan returns and clears
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List of Dream Coder episodes


Apps, returns from a business trip. He hires Huixin, who is from a wealthy background, as an intern, despite Hongyi's objections. Guangda's son, Jiahui, and Keke have a disagreement. Yayun and Guangda refuse to budge from their stance. Later, Guangda realises Jiahui is lying. At home, Yayun finds her jewellery missing. She and Zhenlong check the CCTV recording and discover Ouyang Fan is the thief. It turns out he is leaving Singapore that night with a young woman named Jean. Yayun can
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Xu Zhixun (younger)


Zhixun took 2,000 of Li Jian's soldiers and kept them under his command, while recommending Li Jian's son Li Yanzhong (李彥忠) to succeed Li Jian. Xu Zhigao, however, ignoring Xu Zhixun's recommendations, made the general Chai Zaiyong (柴再用) the military governor of Wuchang, drawing Xu Zhixun's ire. Given Xu Zhixun's military strength, Xu Zhigao feared him, but Xu Zhixun's arrogance alienated his younger brothers, particularly both Xu Zhihui and Xu Zhijian; Xu Zhihui secretly reported Xu Zhixun's actions
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Xu Hongmeng


. From December 2005 to August 2006 he was deputy chief of staff of the PLAN. In August 2006, he was promoted to commander of the East Sea Fleet, and concurrently deputy commander of the Nanjing Military Region. He attained the rank of vice-admiral in July 2007. In December 2009, he was appointed deputy commander of the PLAN. He retired from active service in December 2014 after reaching the mandatory retirement age, and was replaced by Jiang Weilie. Xu was a member of the 11th National People's Congress
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Xu Zhixun (younger)


though Xu Zhigao remained in control of Wu's imperial government, Xu Zhixun, at Jinling (i.e., Sheng Prefecture), controlled the largest army of the state, and he, wielding that authority, contended for decision-making with Xu Zhigao, who tried to curb Xu Zhixun's military power. For example, in 929, when Xu Zhixun's father-in-law, the general Li Jian (李簡) the military governor of Wuchang Circuit (武昌, headquartered in modern Wuhan, Hubei) died, Xu
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Xu Haidong


recuperating from his tuberculosis. When the Chinese Civil War resumed in 1947, Xu was assigned to organize the Red Army's logistics, but was unable to complete the assignment owing to his medical condition. In 1955 Xu was one of ten officers awarded the rank of Senior General, or "Da Jiang" (大将), the first time that the rank of Senior General was established. Xu maintained his employment within the People's Liberation Army, but was only semi-active due to his medical condition. Xu was the
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Xu Guangqi


and the "nu zhen" tree. He was called once more to serve the Chinese bureaucracy, where he rose to a high rank and became known late in his career simply as "The Minister". Yet he continued to experiment and learn of new agricultural practices while he served his office, promoting the use of wet-rice in the Northeast China. From 1613 until 1620 he often visited Tianjin, where he helped organize self-sufficient military settlements ("tun tian"). In 1629, memorials by Xu
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Xu Yanruo


of which previously belonged to Jingnan but which had since been taken by Lei Man the military governor of Wuzhen Circuit (武貞, headquartered at Lang Prefecture) while Xu was chancellor. Xu pointed out that Cheng was an honored military governor who compared himself to Duke Huan of Qi and Duke Wen of Jin, and therefore should have been able to defeat Lei himself. Cheng was embarrassed by Xu's analysis.) Xu died in late 901, while still serving as the military governor of Qinghai. In his final petition to the
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Xu Jingzong


rankings of various clans, promoting Empress Wu's Wu clan to the highest rank. In fall 659, Emperor Gaozong further ordered Li Ji, Xu, Xing, Ren Yaxiang, and Lu Chengqing to investigate Zhangsun's plot again. Xu, in response, sent Yuan to Qian Prefecture to force Zhangsun to commit suicide. Also apparently at Xu's suggestion, Emperor Gaozong ordered the executions of Han and Empress Wang's maternal uncle, Liu Shi (who had also been exiled). In 662, Emperor Gaozong made Xu an
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Gu Shao


were Ding Xu (丁諝), Zhang Bing (張秉), Wu Can and Yin Li, all of whom came from humble and lowly backgrounds. Gu Shao earned praise for his good judgment of character when these men later achieved success in their careers: Ding Xu became a high-ranking military officer; Zhang Bing and Yin Li became commandery administrators; Wu Can became a tutor to the crown prince. Gu Shao was also known for showing care and concern towards his friends and subordinates. When Zhang Bing's father or
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Xu Xin (table tennis)


World Rankings thanks to the points obtained by winning the ITTF World Tour Grand Finals in December 2012. In January 2014, Xu Xin defended his title by beating world No. 1 ranked Ma Long in the finals match of the 2013 ITTF World Tour Grand Finals held in Dubai. In 2016, Xu Xin defeated world No. 1 ranked and current World Champion Ma Long 4–2 in the semi-finals match of the 2016 Japan Open, but then was beaten by world No. 2 ranked Fan Zhendong in the finals. One
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Xu Zhixun (younger)


when Xu Zhixun was still on the way, Xu Wen died, and Xu Zhixun, hearing of Xu Wen's death, immediately returned to Sheng Prefecture to attend to the aftermaths, allowing Xu Zhigao to, for the time being, remain as regent. Shortly after Xu Wen's death, Yang Pu, per Xu Wen's final recommendations, took imperial title. Meanwhile, Xu Wen's titles were split between Xu Zhigao and Xu Zhixun, with Xu Zhigao assuming Xu Wen's title as overseer of all military matters (
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Xu Shilin


Xu Shilin (; ; born 10 January 1998 in Zhongshan) is a Chinese tennis player. Xu has won five singles and five doubles titles on the ITF Women's Circuit. On 25 July 2016, she reached her best singles ranking of world No. 202. On 22 August 2016, she peaked at No. 127 in the doubles rankings. Partnering Sun Ziyue, Xu won her first $50,000 ITF tournament at the event in Sanya, defeating Yang Zhaoxuan and Zhao Yijing in the 2013 final. At the Shenzhen Open,
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Xu Caihou


Hospital in Beijing. A corruption probe was opened at around the same time. There was speculation among some in the military that Xu would be 'spared' charges due to his ill-health. Gu Junshan, one of Xu's allegedly favorite officers, who was promoted during Xu's years in office, had already been under investigation for a wide-reaching corruption scandal involving the military's real estate assets. Xu's supporters, pleading for clemency, said that having terminal cancer was akin to having already received the "
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Li Jianxun


, went to Jinling to take up position there as the military governor of Zhenhai and Ningguo, leaving his son Xu Jingtong in control of the Wu government at Guangling as junior regent. Li served as Xu's deputy military governor. By 934, when Xu Zhigao was beginning to consider taking over the throne, Li and Xu Jie were in favor, and participated in the planning. By late 936, when the plans for such a transition were deep in motion, Xu Zhigao had Li Jianxun's father Li Decheng and Zhou
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Xu Weizhou


. On January 27, It was revealed that Xu was ranked 4th and 9th for COACH and Tiffany & Co respectively on Top 20 Most Valuable Celebrity Brand Endorsers of 2018. On April, I-MAGAZINE revealed Best Fashion Face Award Year 2018, Xu was ranked 50th on Best Male Fashion Faces. On June 18, Fendi officially announced Xu as their first Peekaboo Spokesperson in China. He also walked the runway at the Fendi F/W 2019-2020 Woman's and Men's Collection Show in Shanghai and the Fendi S
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Liu Yin (Southern Han)


(浛州) (both in modern Qingyuan, Guangdong), Liu defeated and killed him. In 900, Emperor Zhaozong commissioned the chancellor Xu Yanruo to replace Li Zhirou as military governor of Qinghai, but before Xu could get to Qinghai, Li died. When Xu arrived at Qinghai, he made Liu his deputy military governor and entrusted the affairs of the circuit to Liu. When Xu himself died in 901, he left a will recommending Liu as the acting military governor. Emperor Zhaozong subsequently commissioned Cui Yuan, but when
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Xu Jie (Southern Tang)


different surname. You should let your proper son Xu Zhixún [(Xu Wen's second biological son)] replace him." But as Xu Wen was considering the matter and resolving to replace Xu Zhigao with Xu Zhixún, he fell ill and died in 927. Shortly after Xu Wen's death, then-Wu emperor Yang Pu (Yang Longyan's younger brother and successor) split Xu Wen's titles between Xu Zhigao and Xu Zhixún, with Xu Zhigao assuming Xu Wen's title as overseer of all military matters (
17894323
Li Bian


, while Xu Zhixùn was still on the way, Xu Wen died, and Xu Zhixùn immediately returned to Jinling, so Xu Zhigao never actually resigned and remained in his office. Shortly after Xu Wen's death, Yang Pu, per Xu Wen's final recommendations, took imperial title. Meanwhile, Xu Wen's titles were split between Xu Zhigao and Xu Zhixun, with Xu Zhigao assuming Xu Wen's title as overseer of all military matters (都督中外總軍事, "Dudu Zhongwai Zongjunshi"), while Xu Zhixun took on the
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Zhang Qinsheng


December 2004, he was elevated to assistant to the chief of the GSD, and was promoted to deputy chief in December 2006. In 2007, he was appointed as commander of the Guangzhou Military Region. In December 2009, he was appointed as the First Deputy Chief of the General Staff, succeeding Ge Zhenfeng. Xu Fenlin succeeded him as commander of the Guangzhou MR. He attained the rank of lieutenant general in July 2006, and the rank of general in July 2010. It was said that in the lead up to
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Anti-corruption campaign under Xi Jinping


Chairman of the Central Military Commission from 2004 to 2013, was being expelled from the party for taking bribes in exchange for promotions, and facing criminal prosecution. The CMC Vice-Chairman position is the highest position held by a military officer in China, as the Chairmanship (commander-in-chief) is customarily occupied by a civilian. Xu was the highest ranked PLA military officer ever to be implicated in corruption and the first Politburo member investigated for corruption since the sensational sacking of former Chongqing party chief Bo Xilai. Unlike
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Zhou Zong


After Xu Wen's death, the power over the Wu realm effectively became divided between Xu Zhigao and Xu Zhixun, with Xu Zhigao in control of the imperial government at Guangling, but Xu Zhixun in control of the large army that Xu Wen had commanded at Jinling. Given Xu Zhixun's military strength, Xu Zhigao feared him, but Xu Zhixun's arrogance alienated his younger brothers. Meanwhile, Xu Zhixun was not curbing his actions properly; for example, when Qian Liu, the king of Wu's neighbor Wuyue, sent
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Xue Xu


Huang (陶璜), the Administrator of Cangwu Commandery (蒼梧郡), served as Xue Xu's subordinates. However, the army led by Li Xu and Xu Cun never reached their destination because their path was obstructed, so only the army led by Xue Xu was available to fight the rebels. Wu Yan (吾彥), then a low-ranking official, was taken aback by the sight of Xue Xu's army marching towards Jiaozhi Commandery. Xue Xu heeded a suggestion from Tao Huang to send troops to attack Jiaozhi
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Xu Weizhou


of the sales rank. Later, Entertainment Star Business revealed 2018 Star Commercial Value List which Xu got first place on Top potential artist. He is also ranked in 2018 Forbes 30 under 30 China artist list. In October, Xu attended the 5th Silk Road International Film Festival Closing Ceremony and performed his song “Glory”. On October 20, he hold a free concert on his 24th birthday at Olympic Sports Center Gymnasium in Beijing and also released a new song "Everything About You" for his fans. He was ranked
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Zhang Yanhan


in modern Yancheng, Jiangsu), and was said to have been capable. He was later promoted to be the military commander of the army at Chu Prefecture (楚州, in modern Huai'an, Jiangsu). In 918, when then-Wu regent Xu Wen's adoptive son Xu Zhigao became junior regent at Wu's capital Guangling (廣陵, in modern Yangzhou) (as Xu Wen himself was stationed at Sheng Prefecture (昇州, in modern Nanjing, Jiangsu)), Xu Zhigao was given the title of military prefect
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Xu Jie (Southern Tang)


to take over the throne from Yang Pu. When, as part of that transition process, Xu Zhigao received the title of Generalissimo and established a headquarters in 936, Xu Zhigao made Xu Jie and a long-time advisor, Song Qiqiu, the military advisors at the Generalissimo headquarters. In 937, with Xu Zhigao's having received the title of Prince of Qi, Xu Jie and Song were made the principality's chancellors. In fall 937, Yang Pu yielded the throne to Xu Zhigao, ending Wu, with Xu
17894328
Harris R. Oke


(Service) Battalion with the Royal Fusiliers, where he led a platoon in a counter-attack on river-craft that resulted in the surrender of two steamers and a gunboat, and saved the column a large number of casualties. For this service, he was awarded a Bar to the Military Cross. Oke relinquished his commission on completion of service with the Royal Scots Infantry on 11 December 1919, retaining the rank of lieutenant. Altogether, Oke was injured three times in combat (Aug 1917, Sep 1917, and
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Xu Shunshou


, written by Shi Yuanguang and Xu's former trainee, academician Gu Songfen. Xu was the youngest of five siblings. His brother, Xu Chi (徐迟), was a famous writer known for his popular biographies of Chen Jingrun and Li Siguang. His third sister Xu He (徐和) was the wife of Wu Xiuquan, a high-ranking politician and diplomat. Xu married Song Shubi (宋蜀碧) in 1946. She was a writer and translator known for her Chinese translation of Aylmer Maude's "The Life of
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Xu Shiyou


Xu Shiyou (; 1905–1985) was a general in the Chinese People's Liberation Army. Born in Xinxian, Henan Province (it belonged to Hubei previously), Xu grew up studying martial arts at the Shaolin Temple for eight years and he later became a soldier in Wu Peifu's warlord army. After having served as a lieutenant in the Kuomintang army, he joined the Chinese Communist Party in 1927. Xu first emerged in the annals of Chinese military history in Hubei in 1927, as part of a nascent military unit that included
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Xu Guangqi


his Christian conversion and identity. Xu Guangxi was especially worried about the ability of his country to defend itself, especially in the face of the threat of invasion from the Manchus. He wrote a book on military techniques and strategies entitled "Cook Xu's Words" in response to the criticisms he faced for daring discuss military matters in spite of being a mere scholar. He frequently cited the Xunzi and Guanzi, and made use of rewards and punishments along the lines of the Legalists, at least in relief activities. Xu Guangqi
16661317
Xu Wei (musician)


, Xu Wei joined the People's Liberation Army, working in the arts troupe of Shaanxi military region. In 1988, he came into contact with rock music for the first time. The following year, he was offered entry into the Fourth Military Medical University but turned down the opportunity. During the three years in the army, Xu taught himself to compose music and write songs, producing several pop songs. Xu Wei left the army in the winter of 1990. In 1993 he organised the band Fly (Chinese:飞).
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Xu Wen


military governor of Ningguo Circuit (寧國, headquartered at Xuan Prefecture) and An Renyi (安仁義) the military prefect of Run Prefecture (潤州, in modern Zhenjiang, Jiangsu). Yang initially sent Wang Maozhang to attack An at Run Prefecture, but Wang could not defeat An. He sent Xu to reinforce Wang's army, and Xu had his soldiers change into identical uniforms as Wang's. An, not knowing that reinforcements had arrived, had no reservations about reengaging Wang's army, and was defeated by Xu.
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Li Bian


while moving Xu Zhigao from Sheng to serve as the military prefect of Run. Xu Zhigao did not want the Run post and requested the Xuan post, but Xu Wen refused to grant it. Song, however, pointed out to him secretly that Xu Zhixùn would soon be bringing a disaster on himself, and Run, being just across the Yangtze River from Guangling, would allow Xu Zhigao to react quickly. Xu Zhigao agreed, and took up the post thereafter. Over the years, Xu Zhigao and Xu Zhixùn developed an
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Xu Zhixun (elder)


徐知證), and Xu Zhi'e (徐知諤). It is not known whether Xu Wen's adoptive son Xu Zhigao was older or younger than he was, even though it was clear that Xu Zhigao was older than the younger Xu Zhixun. It was said that Xu Zhixun tried to learn military strategies when he was young, but was not attentive to his studies. He favored combat games, both armed and unarmed. As, in his youth, Xu Wen had already become the regent of Wu, he, based on
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New Citizens' Movement


' Movement in eastern China, was arrested. On Sep 13, Wang Gongquan was detained by Beijing police for "disturbing order in public space". On Oct 20, he was formally charged. On January 26, 2014, the Beijing Number One Intermediate People's Court sentenced Xu Zhiyong to a four-year prison sentence. The conviction was for assembling crowds with the intent to disrupt public spaces. In April 2014, Ding Jiaxi and Li Wei, of the New Citizens' Movement, were put on trial for '
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Xu Caihou


, it took him four years to earn his first promotion. After the Cultural Revolution, the Chinese leader Deng Xiaoping was eager to promote young university graduates as part of his military-reform program. Most of the commanding officers of the PLA at the time had only informal or middle school-level education. Beginning in 1982, Xu earned a series of quick promotions. Xu served in Jilin province for much of his early career, generally in roles that facilitated military-political relations. Xu became the political commissar of the
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Xu Caihou


Military Commission, several times, without success. Xu was expelled from the Communist Party of China on 30 June 2014. State media described Xu's crimes as abuse of power, accepting bribes directly or via family members in exchange for promotions, and advancing the interests of those close to him through the powers vested in his office. Xu's downfall was unexpected because corruption investigations involving mid-tier military officers are rarely publicly announced in the People's Republic of China as to not compromise national security. Such an announcement involving a
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Li Bian


army of the state, and he, wielding that authority, contended for decision-making with Xu Zhigao, who tried to curb Xu Zhixun's military power. For example, in 929, when Xu Zhixun's father-in-law, the general Li Jian (李簡) the military governor of Wuchang Circuit (武昌, headquartered in modern Wuhan, Hubei) died, Xu Zhixun took 2,000 of Li Jian's soldiers and kept them under his command, while recommending Li Jian's son Li Yanzhong (李彥忠) to
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Zhang Xiong


apprehension of Zhenhai's military governor Zhou Bao. As Zhou had heard that Xu Yue (徐約), an officer under Zhou's rival Gao Pian the military governor of Huainan, had a strong army, he induced Xu to attack Su Prefecture, promising to give the prefecture to him if Xu were successful. In summer 887, Xu attacked Zhang; Zhang was unable to withstand the attack, and he took his army east out to the East China Sea. He sent his officer Zhao Hui (趙暉) with part of
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Huang Guoxian


Commander of the PLAAF Fuzhou Forward Headquarters in August 2005. In 2011, he succeeded Xu Anxiang as Chief of Staff of the Nanjing Military Region Air Force. In July 2013, he was promoted to Commander of the Nanjing MRAF, as well as Deputy Commander of the Nanjing MR, replacing Zheng Qunliang. In February 2016, during President Xi Jinping's military reform, Huang was appointed the Air Force Commander of the newly established PLA Eastern Theater Command. Huang attained the rank of major general in 2011, and was elevated to
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Xu Caihou


believe that Xu's downfall signaled a consolidation of military power directly under the hands of Xi Jinping and is of greater political significance than the corruption investigation surrounding Zhou Yongkang, a former member of the Politburo Standing Committee. His downfall had been presented by the Communist Party as part of a wider campaign by Xi Jinping to eradicate corruption and reform the military. In October 2014, Xu was reported to have confessed to taking bribes, becoming the highest-profile figure in China's military to be caught up in Xi Jinping's anti
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Xu Xiangqian


. Later in 1976 he was one of the military supporters of Hua Guofeng's coup against the Gang of Four, which eventually brought Deng back to power and formally ended the Cultural Revolution. While serving as Defense Minister from 1978 to 1981, Xu advocated developing the People's Liberation Army as a well-trained, well-equipped military force and promoted the use of foreign military technology. This view was a departure from Maoist political doctrine, and Xu promoted dramatic predictions of an imminent conflict with the Soviet Union in order to
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Wang Lingmou


stationing himself at Sheng Prefecture, Xu Zhigao was serving as the military prefect (團練使, "Tuanlianshi") of Run Prefecture (潤州, in modern Zhenjiang, Jiangsu), while Xu Wen's oldest biological son Xu Zhixun was serving as junior regent at Wu's capital Guangling. That year, Xu Zhixun was assassinated by the general Zhu Jin, and as all of Xu Wen's other biological sons were young, Xu Wen had Xu Zhigao take over as junior regent at Guangling. It was apparently at that time that
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Xu Jingqian


). Despite his high status, he was said to be frugal and not living luxuriously. Xu Jingqian started his governmental service as the commander of the cavalry and infantry soldiers in his father Xu Zhigao's headquarters (at that time, Xu Zhigao had succeeded Xu Wen as regent, and also had his headquarters at Sheng), and later served as the military prefect (團練使, "Tuanlianshi") of Hai Prefecture (海州, in modern Lianyungang, Jiangsu). In 934, Xu Zhigao recalled his older brother Xu
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Yang Pu


, however, he became ill, and so he sent Xu Zhixun in his stead. Xu Zhigao, hearing the news, prepared to resign and request the post of military governor of Zhennan Circuit (鎮南, headquartered in modern Nanchang, Jiangxi), but while Xu Zhixun was on the way, Xu Wen died. Xu Zhixun rushed back to Jinling to take care of the aftermaths of his father's death, and Xu Zhigao remained as junior regent. Yang posthumously created Xu Wen the Prince of Qi. Shortly after,
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Hu Zongxian


Hai with a generous offer of surrender. Throughout the course of the campaign, Hu Zongxian kept friendly contacts with Xu Hai, slowly turning him from his pirate allies by the use of bribes, deceptive promises of official status and ships to sail back to Japan, and false warnings of mutiny among Xu's ranks. He also made use of existing interpersonal feuds among Xu Hai, Chen Dong, and Ye Ma by sending Xu's mistress trinkets so she would badmouth Chen Dong and Ye Ma in front of Xu Hai. Xu
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Xu Caihou


high-ranking general was entirely unprecedented. Xu became the highest-ranked officer in the history of the People's Liberation Army to be investigated in corruption. During the investigation into Xu, investigators found over one tonne of cash in his Beijing home, along with precious gems, ancient artifacts, and artwork. It was said that much of the cash was still stowed away neatly in boxes marked with the names of individual officers, and that it took 12 trucks to transport all the materials confiscated from his home. Some analysts
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Xu Yifan


Xu Yifan (; ; born 8 August 1988 in Tianjin) is a tennis player from China. She reached her career-high WTA ranking in singles of No. 148 on 13 July 2015. On 19 March 2018, she peaked at No. 9 in the WTA doubles rankings. Xu made her debut playing on the ITF circuit in China. She won her first doubles title with Xia Huan in 2006. She was a finalist in women's doubles at the 2008 China Open in Beijing and a quarterfinalist at the 2014 US
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Tian Ji'an


's cousin Tian Yue, the military governor of Weibo Circuit, who governed the circuit semi-independently from the imperial regime. (Tian Xu's father Tian Chengsi had been the first military governor of Weibo, but chose Tian Yue to be his successor rather than any of his sons.) Tian Ji'an was Tian Xu's third son, and was born of a mother of lowly birth. After Tian Xu assassinated Tian Yue and succeeded him in 784, Emperor Dezong gave Tian Xu his sister Princess Jiacheng in marriage in 785
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Xu Jiyu


Xu Jiyu (; 1795–1873), native of Wutai County in Shanxi, high-ranking Chinese official and geographer during the late Qing dynasty. He is mostly known as the author of "A Short Account of the Maritime Circuit" (1849) and is widely regarded as an early participant of the Self-Strengthening Movement. Xu came from a scholarly family in Shanxi province; his father Xu Rundi had obtained the highest degree in the imperial examinations and served as a secretary in the Grand Secretariat. The young Xu was fond of
17487082
Yan Keqiu


the younger Xu Zhixun to submit his petition to Yang Pu, with directions to stay at Guangling after submitting the petition. Xu Zhigao, hearing the news, was prepared to resign his post as junior regent and request a post as the military governor of Zhennan Circuit, but while the younger Xu Zhixun was still on the way, Xu Wen died, causing the younger Xu Zhixun to immediately return to Sheng Prefecture, so Xu Zhigao never actually submitted his resignation. Shortly after Xu Wen's death, Yang Pu, in accordance
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Xu Shiyou


Commander), to confront what was thought to be the risk of an American landing on Chinese soil. In Shandong, he worked closely with Gu Mu and Kang Sheng. Although Xu did not serve in Korea, his units did. In 1959, his 12th and 60th Corps returned from Korea to the Nanjing Military Region where they provided the power base he would enjoy well into the 1970s. Xu served as Commander of the Nanjing Military Region (1954–74), first under East China Military and Administrative Committee chairman Rao Shushi,
11162268
Xu Jing (Three Kingdoms)


Xu Jing (died September or October 222), courtesy name Wenxiu, was an official of the state of Shu Han in the early Three Kingdoms period of China. After Liu Zhang announced his submission to Liu Bei, Xu Jing swore his allegiance to Liu Bei. Like his cousin Xu Shao, Xu Jing was famous for being a good character evaluator. After Liu Bei was declared himself emperor and established the Shu Han state in 221, he appointed Xu Jing as Minister over the Masses, an office ranking just below Imperial
16173240
Xu Jie (table tennis)


Xu Jie (, born January 21, 1982 in Tianjin) is a Chinese-Polish female table tennis player, member of the Polish national team for the 2008 Olympic Games in Beijing. She has lived in Poland since 1999 and became a naturalised citizen in 2003. Between 1999 and 2005, she represented the team of AZS Częstochowa, later moving to GLKS Wanzl Scania Nadarzyn, located in the suburbs of Warsaw. Xu Jie was ranked in 73rd place in world rank of the International Table Tennis Federation in 2010. She is
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Xu Jie (Ming dynasty)


Hu"(), which became his first pseudonym. When he grew up, he was described as a pale and handsome man of short stature. After his eighteenth birthday, Xu Jie gained his degree of Juren by ranked seventh in the provincial civil service examination held at Yingtian in the first year of Jiajing. In 1523, Xu became s "jinshi", ranked third in imperial examination. He began to work at the Hanlin Academy. When the Chief Grand Secretary, Zhang Cong (), advised Jiajing Emperor to
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Xu Zhixun (younger)


Yang Pu claim imperial title, and then assign his two sons to new posts, with Xu Zhixun replacing Xu Zhigao as junior regent. However, as he was set to depart Sheng Prefecture, he became ill, and he instead wrote his petition and sent Xu Zhixun toward Guangling, intending to have Xu Zhixun replace Xu Zhigao after the petition were delivered. Xu Zhigao, hearing this, decided to resign and request to be the military governor of Zhennan Circuit (鎮南, headquartered in modern Nanchang, Jiangxi). However,
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Xu Ming


. Xu had close relationships with several high-ranking government officials and their families, especially the former Politburo member Bo Xilai. After Bo was implicated in a political scandal and fell from power in 2012, Xu was taken into custody, and testified in August 2013 at the trial of Bo, who was convicted and sentenced to life in prison. Xu was also sent to prison, where he died in December 2015, less than a year before his scheduled release. Xu Ming was born in Dalian, Liaoning Province, Northeast
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Xu Xiangqian


generate political support for his ideas. In 1978, Xu was almost killed in an accident of Chinese HJ-73 ATGM demonstration when the missile suddenly malfunctioned and turned 180 degrees after traveling several hundred meters, flying in opposite direction toward the observation platform, where Xu and other top ranking Chinese officers were sitting, and landed right in front of the platform. It was fortunate for Xu and the others on the platform that the missile failed to explode, and they survived and remained there until the completion of the demonstration. Xu did not
21166085
Xu Xilin


Xu entered the imperial exams and he met his cousin, Qiu Jin. He introduced her into the Guangfuhui. Fan Ainong was a student of Xu. Xu refused to join Sun Yat-sen's revolutionary league, the Tongmenghui, when his Guangfuhui organization was merged into it. In 1906, Xu purchased an official rank and was placed in charge of police HQ of Anqing in Anhui province. On July 6, 1907, he was arrested before the scheduled Anqing Uprising, part of the Xinhai Revolution. During his interrogation,
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Xu Haidong


elderly they were unable to support Xu after his expulsion, and he was forced to return home and work at his family's kiln. Xu worked at the kiln for several years. He also raised ducks and worked for periods at a factory to support himself and his family. In 1921 Xu left home and became a professional soldier. After becoming a professional soldier, Xu worked for six years in the service of various military forces established by local warlords, and in the Nationalist Army. Xu joined the Chinese Communist Party (
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