Edward Trenchard [SEP] military branch
Edward Trenchard


Edward Trenchard (1785–1824) was a captain of the United States Navy, who saw service in the Quasi-War with France, the First Barbary War, the War of 1812, and the Second Barbary War. He was the father of Rear Admiral Stephen Decatur Trenchard. Trenchard was born in Salem, New Jersey, the son of Curtis Trenchard. The family were descendants of George Trenchard (1655–1712) from the village of Wolverton in Dorset, who had come to America with William Penn in 1682. Edward's grandfather,
10729933
Edward Trenchard


also George, (1706–1780), was the Attorney-General of West New Jersey in 1767-1775 and commanded the Salem Light Horse during the Revolutionary War. Edward was initially apprenticed as an engraver under his uncle, James Trenchard, the editor of the "Columbian Magazine", and a distinguished designer and an engraver of book-plates. However, a sea voyage to England at the age of 16 turned his mind to a military career, and on his return, he obtained a midshipman's warrant on April 30
10729934
Hordle


Hordle Trenchard was held by Henry Trenchard in the 13th century together with Sharprix (modern Walhampton). His successor John Trenchard was in 1309 described as chief lord of Hordle, and in 1346 the estate belonged to another Henry Trenchard. In 1428 John Trenchard was lord of Hordle, but later in the same year, no doubt after his death, Robert Dingley and John Lisle owned the half fee which had once belonged to him. In 1633 it was again in the hands of a distantly related branch of the Trenchards, Sir
6821455
Hugh Trenchard, 1st Viscount Trenchard


Dowding was succeeded by Douglas. Both the new commanders being Trenchard protégés. During the war, the Trenchard elder stepson, John, was killed in action in Italy, and his younger stepson Edward was killed in a flying accident. His own first-born son, also called Hugh, was killed in North Africa. However, Trenchard's younger son Thomas survived the war. In the aftermath of the war, several American generals, including Henry H. Arnold and Carl Andrew Spaatz, asked Trenchard to brief them in connection with
8565579
Edward Trenchard


, 1800. He was appointed to the frigate for a cruise in the West Indies during the Quasi-War with France. A strong friendship sprang up between Trenchard and a junior lieutenant, Stephen Decatur, so much so that Trenchard later named his son, Stephen Decatur Trenchard. After the French war the "Adams" was ordered to the Mediterranean, and participated in the operations off Tripoli in 1803. The following year Trenchard was transferred to the seeing more action off Tripoli, and when his ship was fired upon by the
10729935
Spitchwick


was the last male of the senior branch of the Gould family, and bequeathed all his lands in Staverton, Ashburton, Holne, Widdecombe-on-the-Moor and Chudleigh to his infant distant cousin William Drake Gould (1719-1766) of Lew Trenchard, Devon, the representative of the next branch. The estates of William Drake Gould devolved on his only son Edward Gould (1740-1788), a spendthrift and a gambler. One evening after a game of cards in which he had lost "every guinea
6345653
Stephen Decatur Trenchard


Stephen Decatur Trenchard (July 10, 1818 – November 15, 1883) was a rear admiral in the United States Navy. He was present at the Battle of Taku Forts in 1859, and commanded the supply ship and gunboat throughout the American Civil War, seeing action at both Battles of Fort Fisher. He later commanded the North Atlantic Squadron. Trenchard was born in Brooklyn, New York, the son of U.S. Navy Captain Edward Trenchard and Eliza Sands Trenchard, the daughter of merchant and politician Joshua Sands. He was named
2481549
Sandridge, Stoke Gabriel


the last male of the senior branch of the Gould family, and bequeathed all his lands in Staverton, Ashburton, Holne, Widdecombe-on-the-Moor and Chudleigh to his infant distant cousin William Drake Gould (1719-1766) of Lew Trenchard, Devon, the representative of the next branch. The estates of William Drake Gould devolved on his only son Edward Gould (1740-1788), a spendthrift and a gambler. One evening after a game of cards in which he had lost "every guinea he
7226146
Hugh Trenchard, 1st Viscount Trenchard


its ashes were entombed at the Battle of Britain Chapel. Trenchard's viscountcy passed to his son Thomas. Several institutions and buildings are named after him, including the University of Ibadan's Trenchard Hall, and RAF Cranwell's Trenchard Hall. Also named after him are: Trenchard Lines – one of the two sites of British Army Headquarters Land Forces, (formerly RAF Upavon) the small museum at RAF Halton, one of the five houses at Welbeck College which are named after prominent military figures, and Trenchard House, which is
8565583
Horringford Manor


Bowerman and John Trenchard, and this is the first time Horringford is called a manor. John Trenchard, then Sir John, died in 1495, leaving land in Horringford, which Lady Joan Bowerman held for life, to his second son Henry in tail-male with contingent remainder to his eldest son Thomas. In the reign of Edward VI the custody of land in Horringford and the wardship of Henry Trenchard was granted to John Russell, Earl of Bedford, and in 1560 Henry Trenchard granted the manor to John Collyer. The
196623
Hugh Trenchard as Metropolitan Police Commissioner


Hugh Trenchard served as Metropolitan Police Commissioner from 1931 to 1935. After Trenchard had retired from the Royal Air Force in 1930, he largely disappeared from public life. However, in March 1931, the British Prime Minister Ramsay MacDonald asked Trenchard to take the post of Metropolitan Police Commissioner, which Trenchard declined. MacDonald had been concerned about unrest in the police and Trenchard was seen as strong-minded military man. By October the political crisis resulting from the Great Depression had deepened and when MacDonald offered the post again, Trenchard accepted
15685030
Hugh Trenchard, 1st Viscount Trenchard


from being Deputy Minister of Defence. Churchill was amazed at the reply, and refusing to grant Trenchard the enormous powers he sought withdrew the offer of the post. Notwithstanding their disagreement, Trenchard and Churchill remained on good terms, and on Churchill's 66th birthday (30 November 1940) they took lunch at Chequers. The Battle of Britain had recently concluded and Churchill was full of praise for Trenchard's pre-War efforts in establishing the R.A.F. Churchill made Trenchard his last job offer, this time as the reorganizer of Military Intelligence
8565576
Hugh Trenchard, 1st Viscount Trenchard


in late October 1918, and placed directly under the orders of Foch. When the November 1918 armistice came, Trenchard sought permission from Foch to return his squadrons to British command, which was granted. Trenchard was succeeded as commander of the Independent Air Force by his deputy Brigadier-General Courtney. Trenchard departed France in mid-November 1918 and returned to England to take a holiday. After two months on the R.A.F.'s inactive list, Trenchard returned to military duties in mid-January 1919, when Sir William Robertson, the
8565545
Special Operations Volunteer Force


, although a military one, was controlled by the Special Branch. It was formed from surrendered communist insurgents. The goal was to put the guerrilla's experience to work for the British. SEP/CEP volunteers to the SOVF committed to serving for 18 months. They were paid at the same rate as the junior police officers and were based in the same police compounds from which other government forces operated. SEP/CEP volunteers were formed into platoons and placed under the command of a British police officer. At the start of
17929996
Hugh Trenchard, 1st Viscount Trenchard


Army's ground forces. In September 1913 he was appointed Assistant Commandant, and promoted to temporary lieutenant-colonel. Trenchard's paths crossed once more with Winston Churchill, who was by then First Lord of the Admiralty, and himself learning to fly at Eastchurch and Upavon. Trenchard formed a distinctly unfavourable opinion of Churchill's ability as a pilot. With the outbreak of World War I, Trenchard was appointed Officer Commanding the Military Wing of the Royal Flying Corps, replacing Lieutenant-Colonel Sykes. This appointment put him in charge
8565517
Edward Trenchard


. The officers and crew of the captured vessels were sent to the United States. However malaria and yellow fever, endemic in West Africa, took a heavy toll on the crew of "Cyane". On April 20, Trenchard reported that thirty-six of his men were on the sick-list. In response "Cyane" was ordered home, and the replaced her. On his return to the United States, Trenchard was assigned to duty in the Brooklyn Navy Yard, but his health had been irrevocably damaged;
10729939
Edward Trenchard


Spanish batteries near the Strait of Gibraltar on September 21, 1805. Trenchard served aboard the in the Home Squadron from 1806 to 1810, and was assigned to duty at the Brooklyn Navy Yard in 1811. On August 30, 1812, he was ordered to Sacketts Harbor on Lake Ontario, to supervise the building of the sloop by Henry Eckford. The building of "Madison" progressed with extraordinary speed, the 500-ton ship being launched on November 26. Trenchard assumed command of the "Madison" with the rank of Master Commandant
10729936
1919 Southampton mutiny


they had returned to their duties. This resulted in much heckling and Trenchard almost knocked over by the restless surging crowd. Leaving the scene in some disorder, he decided force would be needed, and arranged for 250 soldiers, including military policemen, to be sent to the docks. Whilst they were en route, the General Officer Commanding Southern Command telephoned Trenchard in the middle of the night, and after hearing Trenchard's plan, insisted that Trenchard must under no circumstances order the security detacjment to open fire on the mutineers.
10061176
1919 Southampton mutiny


Trenchard replied that he was not seeking the G.O.C.'sapproval, merely informing him of his intentions. After the security detachment arrived at the docks, Trenchard spoke to its men, explaining his plan and issuing them with extra ammunition, and ordering them to fix bayonets. The security detachment was then deployed to the open front of the huge customs shed where the mutinying soldiers were gathered. Trenchard ordered the detachment to load and make ready, he then ordered on the mutineers to surrender. In response a sergeant shouted obscenities. Trenchard's military
10061177
Hugh Trenchard, 1st Viscount Trenchard


that it could even be used to violently suppress if necessary "industrial disturbances, or risings" in the United Kingdom itself, following on from his experience in such matters in successfully quelling the troop mutiny at Southampton Docks in the previous year. Churchill was unsettled at Trenchard's apparent willingness to use lethal military force domestically upon British subjects, and told him by reply not to refer to this proposal again. By late 1924 the creation of the reserve air force, known as the Auxiliary Air Force, meant that Trenchard was able
8565559
Our American Cousin


coarse, and vulgar, but honestly forthright and colourful. The English Trenchards are alternately amused and appalled by this Vermont cousin. Richard Coyle, agent of the estate, meets with Sir Edward Trenchard (Florence's father) and tells the baronet that the family faces bankruptcy unless they can repay a debt to Coyle. Coyle is concealing the evidence that the loan had been repaid long ago by Sir Edward's late father. Coyle suggests that the loan would be satisfied if he may marry Florence, who detests him. Meanwhile,
15208401
Edward Norton (conspirator)


Edward Norton (baptised 1654 – 1702) was an English soldier and politician, an early Whig supporter and conspirator of the Rye House Plot. His sister Ellen married the Westbury Member of Parliament William Trenchard. With Trenchard's support, Norton was himself elected MP for Westbury in the second 1679 general election, though it required an election petition to unseat Henry Bertie and Richard Lewis who had been declared the winners. With others of the Whig faction, he was the target of a government attempt towards the end of 1681 to discredit
7498023
Hugh Trenchard, 1st Viscount Trenchard


Trenchard was asked to organise the defence of aircraft factories. He declined on the grounds that he was not interested in helping the general who already had the responsibility. Towards the end of the month Churchill offered him a job that would have seen him acting as a general officer commanding all British land, air and sea forces at home should an invasion occur. Trenchard responded by bluntly stating that in order to be effective, the officer with such responsibility would need the military powers of a generalissimo, and political power that would come
8565575
Jessie Bateman


-Trenchard. He began a military career but soon turned to acting. In 1896, she returned to London and played at the Comedy Theatre, appearing in "The Guinea Stamp" and "Mr Martin". She was then employed by George Edwardes for a tour of South Africa. There she played a variety of leading roles in such works as "The Little Minister", a comedy by J. M. Barrie, "Secret Service", a serio-drama, and "Under the Red Robe", a romantic
21715189
Hugh Trenchard, 1st Viscount Trenchard


Loraine had learned to fly. After some effort Trenchard persuaded his commanding officer to grant him three months of paid leave so that he might train as a pilot. He arrived in London on 6 July 1912, only to discover that Captain Loraine had been killed in a flying accident on the previous day. At the age of 39, Trenchard was just short of 40, the maximum age for military student pilots at the Central Flying School, and so he did not postpone his plan to become an aviator. When he arrived
8565512
Hugh Trenchard, 1st Viscount Trenchard


higher ranks akin to the military system of officer and non-commissioned career streams. The recruitment base was broadened, and persons with university degrees were encouraged to apply. Perhaps Trenchard's most well-known achievement during his time as Commissioner was the establishment of the Hendon Police College, which originally was the institution from which Trenchard's junior inspectors graduated before following a career in the higher ranks. He retired in November 1935, in his final few months as Police Commissioner having been awarded the Knight Grand Cross of the Royal Victorian
8565566
Hugh Trenchard, 1st Viscount Trenchard


Order. During his time as Metropolitan Police Commissioner, he maintained a keen interest in military affairs. In 1932, he aroused the Governments displeasure by submitting an unsolicited private paper outlining his idea for the air defence of Singapore. His ideas were rejected and the Cabinet Secretary, Maurice Hankey, who chaired the Committee of Imperial Defence, was angered by Trenchard's intervention. Later that year, when the Government was considering entering into an international treaty which would have banned all bomber aircraft, Trenchard wrote to the Cabinet outlining his opposition
8565567
Hugh Trenchard, 1st Viscount Trenchard


Haig's conduct of military operations during World War 1, who had come under increasing societal condemnation post-war for the scale of the British Army's casualties, written by General Sir John Davidson, Haig's former Operations Chief. From 1954, during the last two years of his life, Trenchard was partially blind and physically frail. Trenchard died one week after his 83rd birthday at his London home in Sloane Avenue on 10 February 1956. Following his funeral at Westminster Abbey on 21 February, his body was cremated, and
8565582
Hugh Trenchard, 1st Viscount Trenchard


the debate which surrounded the proposed establishment of the independent United States Air Force. The American air leaders held him in high esteem and dubbed him the "patron saint of air power". The United States Air Force was formed as an independent branch of the American Armed Forces in 1947. After World War 2, Trenchard continued to set out his ideas about air power. He also supported the creation of two memorials. For the first, the Battle of Britain Chapel in Westminster Abbey, he headed a committee with Air Chief
8565580
No. 9 Squadron RAF


replaced by the Handley Page Heyford in 1936. The squadron badge was approved by King Edward VIII in 1936, one of the few to be introduced during his short reign. The badge reflects the Squadron's development as a specialized night-operations unit, and is a gentle leg-pull in the direction of Air Marshal Hugh "Boom" Trenchard, widely credited as the founder of the RAF as an independent military force, who once famously remarked "Only bats and bloody fools fly at night!" The squadron emblem is
20222328
Hugh Trenchard, 1st Viscount Trenchard


during the "Race to the Sea". On 7 October, only 36 hours later, No. 6 Squadron flew to Belgium, the first of many additional squadrons to be provided. Later in October, detailed planning for a major reorganisation of the Flying Corps' command structure took place. Henderson offered Trenchard command of the soon-to-be created First Wing. He accepted the offer on the basis that he would not be subordinated to Sykes, whom he distrusted. The next month, the Military Wing was abolished
8565520
1919 Southampton mutiny


policemen seized the sergeant, none of the sergeant's fellow mutineers resisting in the process. Trenchard re-issued his order for submission, and the crowd gave their assent. Trenchard spent the rest of the day hearing each man in turn. The majority were prepared to return to France and Trenchard granted such men a conditional discharge from charges of insurrection in military law that they were liable to. He also discovered that they were in fact going to be transported back to France. Those ring leaders who had been in the customs
10061178
Hugh Trenchard as commander of the Royal Flying Corps in France


In late September 1915, Trenchard oversaw the Flying Corps' contribution to the Battle of Loos. The improved artillery cooperation and air-to-ground wireless communications yielded good results for the British. Additionally, the Battle was significant as the first successful tactical bombing operation in the history of military aviation that was carried out by the Flying Corps. Despite this, the battle was inconclusive and Trenchard had hoped that his airmen might have achieved more. By the autumn of 1915, the Flying Corps had to contend with a new difficulty
16641709
Hugh Trenchard, 1st Viscount Trenchard


the curriculum. However, his parents were not greatly concerned by his educational difficulties, believing that it would be no impediment to him following a military career. Georgina Trenchard wanted her son to follow her father's profession and enter the Royal Navy. In 1884 he was moved to Dover where he attended Hammond's, a cramming school for prospective entrants to HMS "Britannia". He failed the Navy's entrance papers, and at the age of 13 he was sent to the Reverend Albert Pritchard's crammer, 'Hill Lands
8565484
Hugh Trenchard, 1st Viscount Trenchard


of offensive action. Although this belief was widely held by senior British commanders in the war, the R.F.C.'s routinely offensive strategy resulted in the loss of many of its air crews and machines, and some doubted its military validity. Following the Gotha raids on London in the summer of 1917, the Government considered creating an air force by merging the R.F.C. and the Royal Naval Air Service. Trenchard opposed this, believing that it would dilute the air support required by the ground forces in France. By October he realised that the
8565528
Hugh Trenchard, 1st Viscount Trenchard


drank nor spoke. During this period of his life in India that he took up reading. His first choice was for biographies, particularly of British heroes, and he kept the long hours he spent reading unobtrusive, but in so doing succeeded in providing himself with an education where the service crammers had failed. However, in military terms Trenchard was dissatisfied. He failed to see any action during his time in India, missing out on his regiment's turn at the frontier, as he was sent to England on sick leave
8565490
Hugh Trenchard, 1st Viscount Trenchard


promised help or advice from Sir Edmond Elles, as a gesture of thanks after rescuing a poorly planned rifle-shooting contest from disaster. By 1900, Elles was Military Secretary to Lord Curzon and Trenchard (recently promoted to captain) sent a priority signal to Elles requesting that he be permitted to rejoin his unit overseas. This bold move worked, and he received his orders for South Africa several weeks later. On his arrival in South Africa, he rejoined the Royal Scots Fusiliers, and in July 1900 he was ordered to
8565492
Hugh Trenchard, 1st Viscount Trenchard


of the Royal Flying Corps's home garrison, which retained one third of the Corps' total strength. Its Head Quarters were at Farnborough, and being disappointed about remaining in England he applied to rejoin his old regiment in France. However, the head of the RFC, General Sir David Henderson, refused to release him. Trenchard's new duties included providing replacements and raising new squadrons for service on the continent. He initially set himself a target of 12 squadrons, however, Sefton Brancker, the Assistant Director of Military Aeronautics
8565518
Thomas Gordon (writer)


Trenchard began the publication of "Cato's Letters". They appeared in the "London Journal" and then in the "British Journal" until Trenchard's death in 1723, and were reprinted in 4 vols. in 1724. Gordon published, by subscription, a translation of Tacitus, in 2 vols. 1728 (dedications to the Prince of Wales and Walpole), which went through several editions, and seems to have been the standard translation till the end of the century. Edward Gibbon read it in his youth (
20076095
Edward Trenchard


and took part in the naval operations on Lake Ontario during the War of 1812. Trenchard fell ill with "lake fever" (the "Madison" at one time having eighty of her two hundred men on the sick list) and on July 21, 1813, left the ship to recuperate. On May 15, 1814, he rejoined the ship, taking part in the blockade of Kingston, Ontario, in September 1814. After the end of the war he commanded the frigate , and took part in the operations off
10729937
Britannic (film)


Britannic is a 2000 spy TV film, directed by Brian Trenchard-Smith and produced for cable network Fox Family. It is a fictional account of the sinking of the ship of the same name off the Greek island of Kea in November 1916; it features a German agent sabotaging her, which was then serving as a hospital ship for the British Army. It stars Edward Atterton and Amanda Ryan, with Jacqueline Bisset, Ben Daniels, John Rhys-Davies, and Bruce Payne as costars. Trenchard Smith says the film was
19989239
Edward Trenchard


Algiers, Tripoli, and Tunis, during the Second Barbary War of 1815. In 1820 Trenchard was placed in command of the 20-gun sloop-of-war of the Africa Squadron on anti-slavery operations off the west coast of Africa. His officers included Matthew C. Perry, Silas Stringham, and William Mervine, who all went on to distinguished navy careers. "Cyane" had not long been on station when on April 10, she captured two brigs and five schooners close in shore near the mouth of the River Gallinos
10729938
HMS Cyane (1806)


and in the West Indies from 1820–1821 protecting the Liberian colony and suppressing piracy and the slave trade. In this regard she was a predecessor to the Africa Squadron and the West Indies Squadron. She cruised in the Mediterranean during 1824–1825, and on the Brazil Station during 1826–1827. While she was off Africa under the command of Captain Edward Trenchard, on 5 April 1820, she saw seven vessels. She captured six; one escaped. The six were: Andrews was a midshipman in the US Navy. Trenchard condemned "Esperanza"
9733438
Hugh Trenchard, 3rd Viscount Trenchard


1980 and 1985, and as director between 1986 and 1996. For Kleinwort Benson International Incorporated, he was general manager of its Tokyo branch from 1985 to 1988, president from 1988 to 1995 and deputy chairman from 1995 to 1996. He was director of Dover Japan Inc from 1985 to 1987, of ACP Holdings Ltd from 1990 to 1994, of the Japan Securities Dealers' Association as well as of Bond Underwriters' Association of Japan from 1994 to 1995. For the European Business Community in Japan, he was chairman of the
7007609
John Taylor (Medal of Honor)


John Taylor () was a United States Navy sailor and a recipient of the U.S. military's highest decoration, the Medal of Honor. Taylor served in the U.S. Navy as a seaman stationed at the Brooklyn Navy Yard in New York. On September 9, 1865, he was in charge of the Navy Yard's picket boat as it patrolled the East River with the yard's executive officer, Commander Stephen Decatur Trenchard, on board. When a ferry boat and an English steamer collided, Trenchard ordered Taylor to pull their boat
18791292
Short Sarafand


The Short S.14 Sarafand was a British biplane flying boat built by Short Brothers. It was planned as a general reconnaissance aircraft for military service. When it was built in 1932 it was the largest aeroplane in the United Kingdom. The Sarafand was first proposed by Oswald Short in 1928 as an enlarged development of the Singapore II, to provide transatlantic range capabilitity. Short managed to persuade first his chief designer Arthur Gouge and then the Chief of the Air Staff, Sir Hugh Trenchard (later Viscount Trenchard) of the feasibility of such
21524807
Hugh Trenchard, 1st Viscount Trenchard


training. He viewed this idea as a precursor to the break-up of the R.A.F., and in spite of the costs, he wanted its own institutions which would develop airmanship and engender the "air spirit". Having convinced Churchill of his case, he oversaw the founding of the RAF (Cadet) College at Cranwell as the world's first military air academy. In 1920 he inaugurated the Aircraft Apprentice system, which provided the R.A.F. with highly technically trained specialist ground-crews for the next 70 years. In 1922
8565553
RAF Upavon


an elevated site about east of Upavon village, near the edge of the Salisbury Plain, in the English county of Wiltshire. Upavon Airfield was originally created for pilots of the military and naval wings of the newly formed Royal Flying Corps (RFC), and became home to the army Central Flying School (CFS). Captain Godfrey M Paine, RN, became the first commandant, with Major Hugh Trenchard being his assistant. Trenchard later became the chief of air staff, and subsequently became known as the "father of the
9639374
Edward Evans, 1st Baron Mountevans


of the Order of the Crown – Belgium (LG 8 Apr 1921, p. 2797)br Kommandør of the Royal Norwegian Order of St Olaf (1939)br Officier of the Legion of Honour – France (LG 20 Jul 1917, p. 7427) Officier of the Order of Leopold – Belgium (LG 1 Jan 1917, p. 11) Cavaliere of the Military Order of Savoy – Italy (1905) Croix de Guerre – France (LG 22 Jun 1917, p. 6257) Navy Cross – United States (LG 16 Sep 1919, p. 11583
3657098
Hugh Trenchard in Nigeria


who issued instructions for Trenchard to replace Montanaro as leader of the expedition. Trenchard caught up with the expedition several days' march from Itu. After a brief exchange, Trenchard handed Montanaro the text of the governor's wire, which he accepted. After dealing with discontent from some of the regiment's officers, Trenchard led the expedition on towards the disturbed area. Several days later, Trenchard's expedition saw evidence of ritual killings and was then ambushed by Igbo men. After defeating the attackers, Trenchard's men occupied the local
12645175
Thomas Trenchard, 2nd Viscount Trenchard


Thomas Trenchard, 2nd Viscount Trenchard MC (15 December 1923 – 29 April 1987) was a hereditary peer and junior minister in Margaret Thatcher's Conservative government from 1979 to 1983. Thomas Trenchard was born in 1923, the son of Katherine and Hugh Trenchard, whom many regard as the father of the Royal Air Force. He was educated at Eton and served in the King's Royal Rifle Corps in World War II being awarded the MC in 1945. On 19 June 1948, Thomas Trenchard married Patricia Bailey, the daughter of
21124174
Hugh Trenchard, 1st Viscount Trenchard


to launch a press campaign against Sir Douglas Haig and Sir William Robertson, the Chief of the Imperial General Staff. On hearing this Trenchard flatly refused the position, being personally loyal to Haig and antipathetic to political intrigue. Rothermere and his brother Lord Northcliffe, who was also present, then spent over 12 hours acrimoniously debating with Trenchard. The brothers pointed out that if Trenchard refused, they would use the fact to attack Haig on the false premise that Haig had refused to release Trenchard. Trenchard defended in the debate Haig's
8565531
Hugh Trenchard, 1st Viscount Trenchard


Trenchard, arguing that the "air is one and indivisible", put forward a case for an air force with its own strategic role which also controlled army and navy co-operation squadrons. Beatty did not accept Trenchard's argument and Trenchard resorted to asking for a 12 months amnesty to put his plans into action. The request appealed to Beatty's sense of fair play, and he agreed to let Trenchard be until the end of 1920. Around this time Trenchard indicated to Beatty that control over some supporting elements of naval
8565555
Hugh Trenchard, 1st Viscount Trenchard


he organised the training and establishment of procedures for the new arm. He paid particular attention to ensuring that skills were acquired in practical topics such as map reading, signalling and engine mechanics. It was during his time at the Central Flying School that he earned the nickname "Boom", either for his stentorian utterances, or for his low rumbling tones. In September 1912 he acted as an air observer during the Army Manoeuvres. His experiences here developed his understanding of the military utility of flyers working in cooperation with the British
8565516
Hugh Trenchard, 1st Viscount Trenchard


service in South Africa. While fighting the Boers, Trenchard was critically wounded and as a result of his injury, he lost a lung, was partially paralysed and returned to Great Britain. On medical advice Trenchard travelled to Switzerland to recuperate and boredom saw him taking up bobsleighing. After a heavy crash, Trenchard found that his paralysis was gone and that he could walk unaided. Following further recuperation, Trenchard returned to active service in South Africa. After the end of the Boer War, Trenchard saw service in Nigeria where he
8565478
Sep Lambert


though, against Scotland in 1920 and against the Irish Military and Scotland in 1921. In all matches for Ireland, Sep Lambert scored 342 runs at an average of 20.12, with a top score of 60 not out against Oxford University in May 1902, his only half-century for Ireland and also his top first-class score. He took ten catches and no stumpings. Sep Lambert came from a cricketing family. His brother Bob was one of Ireland's finest cricketers, and his nephew Ham also played cricket for Ireland
17780530
Hugh Trenchard, 1st Viscount Trenchard


retired from the military, he worked as a director of the Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company, largely disappearing from public life. However, in March 1931, Prime Minister Ramsay MacDonald asked him to take the post of Metropolitan Police Commissioner, which after initially declining, he accepted in October 1931. He served as head of the Metropolitan Police until 1935. During his tenure he instigated several reforms, including limiting membership of the Police Federation, introducing limited terms of employment, and the creation of separate career paths for the lower and
8565565
Collacombe


being given to Tavistock Abbey by one of the predecessors of Ralph d'Aumale. In 1242 it was held by Raph de Esse. In 1295 it was held by Sir Michael Trenchard, and in 1301 by Walter Trenchard. William I Trenchard held it in 1314 and William II Trenchard held it in 1345. The last in the male line of Trenchard left a daughter and heiress, Isabella Trenchard (d.1408), who married Thomas Tremayne of Carwithenack in the parish of Constantine, Cornwall, and the manor of Collacombe passed to her descendants
11937494
Union Shield – 2011


Union Shield – 2011 () is a joint Russian-Belarusian military exercise, which took place from Sep 16 until Sep 22, 2011. Russian Defence Minister Anatoliy Serdyukov officially announced that the joint military exercise "Union Shield" is to take place in September 2011 after the meeting with his counterparts - Mykhailo Yezhel (the Ukrainian Defence Minister) and Yuri Zhadobin (the Defence Minister of the Republic of Belarus), which was held in Minsk, April, 2011. The concept for the exercise was being developed jointly by the
13327863
John Trenchard (writer)


John Trenchard (1662 – 17 December 1723) was an English writer and Commonwealthman. Trenchard belonged to the same Dorset family as the Secretary of State Sir John Trenchard. He was educated at Trinity College, Dublin, and became a lawyer. From 1722 until his death Trenchard was also a member of Parliament for Taunton. He died on 17 December 1723. As he inherited considerable wealth, Trenchard was able to devote the greater part of his life to writing on political subjects, his approach being that of a Whig and an
21303118
John Trenchard (of Warmwell)


John Trenchard (1586 – 1662) of Warmwell, near Dorchester was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons at various times between 1621 and 1659. Trenchard was born in Charminster, near Dorchester, the son of Sir George Trenchard of Warmwell and his wife Ann née Speke, daughter of Sir George Speke of White Lackington. In 1621, Trenchard was elected Member of Parliament for Wareham and was re-elected MP for Wareham in 1624 and 1625. In April 1640, Trenchard was re-elected MP for Wareham
4891197
Hugh Trenchard, 1st Viscount Trenchard


the Air Staff. Trenchard replied that he could not take up the appointment as Sykes was currently in post. After Churchill indicated that Sykes might be appointed Controller of Civil Aviation and made a Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the British Empire, Trenchard agreed to consider the offer. Churchill, not wanting to leave matters hanging, asked Trenchard to provide him with a paper outlining his ideas on the re-organisation of the Air Ministry. Trenchard's briefly written statement of the essentials required met with Churchill's approval, and
8565549
Hugh Trenchard, 1st Viscount Trenchard


replying that Göring "must be off his head". In 1937 Newall was appointed Chief of the Air Staff and Trenchard did not hesitate in criticising him. As an ardent supporter of the bomber, Trenchard found much to disagree with in the air expansion programme, its emphasis on defensive fighter aircraft, and he wrote about it directly to the Cabinet. Trenchard offered his services to the Government on at least two occasions but they were not accepted. Just after the outbreak of World War II, Prime Minister Chamberlain summoned Trenchard and
8565572
Hugh Trenchard as commander of the Royal Flying Corps in France


remained in a weakened state and all along the Front, Trenchard's aircraft were still fighting those of the German Air Service. In November 1916, Haig, on Trenchard's urging, sought a further 20 squadrons of fighters and in December, Trenchard travelled to London to appeal in person for additional fighters. With his words failing to produce the desired aircraft, Trenchard repeatedly wrote to Henderson and Brancker and when Trenchard went over Henderson's head to the President of the Air Board Lord Cowdray, Henderson severely reprimanded him. While the
16641715
Trenchardism


Trenchardism describes the domestic and foreign policies associated in Britain with Air Marshal Hugh Trenchard in successive roles as Chief of the Air Staff from 1919–30 and Head of the Metropolitan Police from 1931–35. Trenchard was a keen advocate of British airpower. A key figure in the development of the Royal Air Force, Trenchard advocated the use of aircraft to destroy an enemy's war making capacity, a view influential in developing Britain's strategic bombing of Germany during the Second World War. Trenchard also advocated a system of 'air control' to maintain
4807855
Hugh Trenchard, 1st Viscount Trenchard


. Hugh Montague Trenchard was born at 6 Haines Hill in Taunton, England on 3 February 1873. He was the third child and second son of Henry Montague Trenchard and his wife Georgiana Louisa Catherine Tower Skene. Trenchard's father was a former captain in the King's Own Yorkshire Light Infantry who was working as an articled clerk in a legal practice and his mother was the daughter of the Royal Navy captain . Although in the 1870s the Trenchards were living in an unremarkable fashion, their forebears had played notable roles in English history
8565481
Hugh Trenchard, 1st Viscount Trenchard


and its units based in the United Kingdom were re-grouped as the Administrative Wing. Command of the Administrative Wing was given to Lieutenant Colonel E B Ashmore. Trenchard took up command of the First Wing in November 1914, establishing its Head Quarters at Merville. On arrival he discovered that Sykes was to replace Henderson as Commander of the Royal Flying Corps in the Field, making Sykes Trenchard's immediate superior. Trenchard bore Sykes some animosity and their working relationship was troubled. Trenchard appealed to Kitchener, by then the Secretary of
8565521
History of the Metropolitan Police Service


his tenure he instigated several changes. These included limiting membership of the Police Federation, introducing limited terms of employment and the short-lived creation of separate career paths for the lower and higher ranks akin to the military system of officer and non-commissioned career streams. Perhaps Trenchard's most well known achievement during his time as Commissioner was the establishment of the Hendon Police College which originally was the institution from which Trenchard's junior station inspectors graduated before following a career in the higher ranks. When Great Britain entered World War II
11169301
Syed Ata Hasnain


. His unique and innovative approach defined as "Playing Friend Not God" has been widely appreciated as the new HR management mantra across domains in and outside the military. On 7 Sep 2013, Lt Gen Syed Ata Hasnain was awarded his first civilian honor by the Capital Foundation Society of Delhi. He received the award from the Vice President of India, Mohammad Hamid Ansari. The award was for Military leadership of an exceptional order. On 9 Sep 2013, the General Officer spoke at the Global Town Hall organized by the US
12182118
Society of Experimental Psychologists


The Society of Experimental Psychologists (SEP), originally called the Society of Experimentalists, is an academic society for experimental psychologists. It was founded by Edward Bradford Titchener in 1904 to be an ongoing workshop in which members could visit labs, study apparatus, and hear and comment on reports of ongoing research. Upon Titchener’s death in 1927 the club was reorganized and renamed the Society of Experimental Psychologists. The object of the society is “To advance psychology by arranging informal conferences on experimental psychology.” The SEP meets annually to
9015088
Hugh Trenchard as commander of the Royal Flying Corps in France


Trenchard was summoned from France again. Trenchard arrived by air on 2 October, making an emergency landing at Lympne in Kent after the flight of aircraft carrying him and his staff had been mistaken for a German air raid. On his arrival in London, Trenchard briefed the Cabinet that his first bomber airfield at Ochey near Nancy was ready and Lloyd George urged that the bombing begin as soon as possible. Trenchard's visit to the British capital also afforded him the opportunity of discussing the future of the air services with Smuts. Trenchard
16641721
Hugh Trenchard, 1st Viscount Trenchard


Marshal of the Royal Air Force Hugh Montague Trenchard, 1st Viscount Trenchard, (3 February 1873 – 10 February 1956) was a British officer who was instrumental in establishing the Royal Air Force. He has been described as the Father of the Royal Air Force. During his formative years Trenchard struggled academically, failing many examinations and only just succeeding in meeting the minimum standard for commissioned service in the British Army. As a young infantry officer, Trenchard served in India and with the outbreak of the Boer War, he volunteered for
8565477
Hugh Trenchard, 1st Viscount Trenchard


of Air Minister, Chief of the Air Staff and other senior positions within soon-to-be created Air Ministry. Trenchard was summoned back from France, crossing the Channel on a destroyer on the morning of 16 December. At around 3 pm he met newspaper proprietor Lord Rothermere, who had recently been appointed as Air Minister by David Lloyd George for political reasons. Rothermere offered Trenchard the post of Chief of the Air Staff and before Trenchard could respond explained that Trenchard's support would be useful to him as he was about
8565530
Hugh Trenchard, 1st Viscount Trenchard


and Trenchard disagreed on nominees for senior appointments in the R.A.F. Finally and most significantly, they disagreed over proper future use of air power which Trenchard judged as being vital in preventing a repeat of the strategic stalemate which had occurred along the Western Front. Also during this period Trenchard resisted pressure from several press barons to support an "air warfare scheme", which would have seen the British armies withdrawn from France and an attempt to defeat Germany entrusted to the R.A.F. Despite the differences with Rothermere, Trenchard was able to put in place
8565534
The Prince Edward Island Highlanders


to Prince Edward Island. Parts of the regiment were placed on active service on 1 Sep 1939 for local protective duty and a battalion was mobilized on 1 January 1941. The unit served in Newfoundland from 1941 to 1943. Early in 1945 this battalion embarked for the United Kingdom where it was disbanded shortly after arrival. A reserve battalion remained on Prince Edward Island. The regiment was amalgamated with the Prince Edward Island Light Horse in 1946 and renamed The Prince Edward Island Regiment in 1949. The Prince Edward Island Highlanders were allied to
11924209
Hugh Trenchard, 1st Viscount Trenchard


The following day Trenchard sent Rothermere a letter of resignation. and although Rothermere asked him to remain, Trenchard only agreed to defer the date until after 1 April 1918, when the Royal Air Force would officially come into being. After the Germans overran the British Fifth Army on 21 March 1918, Trenchard ordered all available reserves of aircrew, engines and aircraft to be speedily transported to France. Reports reached him on 26 March that concentrations of Flying Corps' machines were assisting in stopping German advances. On 5 April, Trenchard travelled
8565536
Viscount Trenchard


Viscount Trenchard, of Wolfeton in the County of Dorset, is a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. It was created in 1936 for Marshal of the Royal Air Force, Hugh Trenchard, 1st Baron Trenchard. He had already been created a Baronet, of Wolfeton in the County of Dorset, in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom in 1919 and Baron Trenchard, of Wolfeton in the County of Dorset, in 1930, also in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. His second son, the second Viscount, held
12368331
Edwin Edwards (artist)


Edwin Edwards (6 Jan 1823 – 15 Sep 1879) was an English landscape painter, etcher and lawyer. Edwin Edwards was born in Framlingham, Suffolk in 1823 the son of a Norfolk squire. He trained as a lawyer and held the legal post of the King's Proctor and Examiner of the Courts of Civil Law and the High Court of Admiralty courts until 1861, when at the age of 38 he retired from the profession and devoted himself to art. In 1847, Edwards published "A treatise on the jurisdiction of
17465446
Hugh Trenchard in Nigeria


preparing an expedition to quell inter-tribal violence in the interior. On the day before the expedition was due to depart, Montanaro told Trenchard that he would not be accompanying him as he believed that Trenchard, being unacclimatized, would be a liability in the field. Despite Trenchard's protests, he remained behind. By this time, General Kemball was in the Gold Coast and Trenchard was able to send a wire to Kemball threatening to return to Great Britain. Kemball contacted Sir Ralph Moore, the Governor of Southern Nigeria,
12645174
Hugh Trenchard, 1st Viscount Trenchard


December 1915 when Douglas Haig was appointed as Commander-in-Chief of the British Expeditionary Force, Haig and Trenchard re-established their partnership, this time at a higher level. In March 1916, with the RFC expanding, Trenchard was promoted to major-general. Trenchard's time in command of the R.F.C. on the Western Front was characterised by three priorities. First was an emphasis on support to and co-ordination with ground forces. This started with reconnaissance and artillery co-ordination, and later encompassed tactical low
8565526
Sarah Bowdich Lee


Sarah Bowdich Lee (née Wallis) (10 Sep 1791–22 Sep 1866) was an English author, illustrator, traveller, zoologist, botanist, and pteridologist. Sarah Lee was born on 10 September 1791, the only daughter of John Eglinton Wallis of Colchester. In 1813, she married the naturalist Thomas Edward Bowdich, whose interests in nature, travel, and adventure she shared. In 1819, they went to Paris to visit Baron Cuvier; Thomas had previously visited him in 1818 with a letter of introduction obtained from Dr. William
5045770
Edith Villiers, Countess of Lytton


Edith Villiers, Countess of Lytton (15 Sep 1841 – 17 September 1936) was a British aristocrat. Wife of Robert Bulwer-Lytton, 1st Earl of Lytton, she led the Indian Imperial court as Vicereine of India. She was later a court-attendant of Queen Victoria. Her children included the suffragette Lady Constance Bulwer-Lytton. Edith Villiers was born on 15 Sep 1841 into the aristocratic Villiers family. She was the daughter of Edward Ernest Villiers (1806–1843) and Elizabeth Charlotte Liddell. She was the granddaughter of
5147637
Hugh Trenchard in Nigeria


and thousands of men surrendered firearms to his troops. It was also in 1904 that Trenchard was involved in bringing Igboland under British control. Initially many of the inhabitants refused to surrender weaponry to the British and Trenchard's political advisor, R M Heron, arranged for the destruction of the houses of those who harboured weapons. In light of this policy, many guns and other arms were surrendered to Trenchard's soldiers at Nkwo Nnewi where they were destroyed. During this time the Igbo nicknamed Trenchard "Nwangwele", meaning young lizard
12645177
Hugh Trenchard as commander of the Royal Flying Corps in France


Trenchard supplied Lewis guns, bullets and bombsights to the French Air Service which was under the command of Paul-Fernaud du Peuty. Later in the battle, de Peuty switched from a defensive to an offensive air posture, at least in part due to the influence of Trenchard. In March, with the Flying Corps expanding, Trenchard was promoted to major-general. In the days before the Battle of the Somme, Trenchard ordered that reconnaissance sorties be flown and German observation kite balloons be targeted. On the eve of battle
16641712
Brian Trenchard-Smith


Trenchard-Smith was going to Hong Kong to make an $8,000 documentary on Bruce Lee called "The World of Kung Fu" but arrived on the day Lee died. He turned the documentary into a tribute on Lee, and in the course of making it met Raymond Chow. Trenchard-Smith made another TV special, "Kung Fu Killers" (1974), featuring Page and George Lazenby. Throughout this decade Trenchard-Smith also worked cutting trailers. Trenchard-Smith made the sex-orientated semi-documentary "
17240386
Lytchett Matravers


17 February 1359. The estate was later bought from the Arundels by the Trenchard family, who demolished the former manor house and built a new one that incorporated, amongst other facilities, a ballroom and a tower. When the Trenchard family foundered in 1829, the manor passed to the Dillon family who added the name Trenchard to their own. However, the newly titled Dillon-Trenchards chose not to occupy the newer manor house. The Dillon-Trenchards left Lytchett Matravers in the latter part of the 20th century. In 2005
1815621
Thomas Trenchard (Dorset MP)


Sir Thomas Trenchard (1582 – 1657) was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons at various times between 1621 and 1648. Trenchard was the son of Sir George Trenchard of Warmwell and his wife Ann Speke daughter of Sir George Speke of Whitelackington. He was knighted at Theobalds on 15 December 1613. He was appointed High Sheriff of Dorset in 1634. In 1621, Trenchard was elected Member of Parliament for Dorset. In April 1640, he was elected MP for Bridport in the Short Parliament. In 1645,
5007382
Hugh Trenchard, 3rd Viscount Trenchard


Hugh Trenchard, 3rd Viscount Trenchard DL (born 12 March 1951) is a British soldier and businessman. In 1987, he succeeded to his father's titles. He is one of the ninety hereditary peers in the House of Lords, elected to remain after the passing of the House of Lords Act 1999, sitting as a Conservative. The son of the 2nd Viscount Trenchard and Patricia Bailey, he was educated at Eton College in Berkshire and at Trinity College, Cambridge, where he graduated with a Bachelor of Arts in 1973
7007607
Hugh Trenchard, 1st Viscount Trenchard


of the Air Staff. On the following Monday, Trenchard was summoned to Buckingham Palace where King George listened to his account of the events which caused him to resign. Trenchard then wrote to the Prime Minister stating the facts of his case and pointing out that in the course of the affair, Rothermere had stated his intention to resign also. Trenchard's letter was circulated among the Cabinet, with a vindictive response written by Rothermere. Around the same time, the question of Rothermere's general competence as Air Minister was brought to
8565538
Thomas Trenchard


Thomas Gawthrop "Doggie" Trenchard (May 3, 1874 – October 16, 1943) was an All-American football player at Princeton University in 1893 and a college football head coach at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, the University of Pittsburgh, and West Virginia University. Trenchard earned the nickname "Doggie" because of his shaggy haired appearance. Trenchard was born in Queen Anne's County, Maryland. Prior to his coaching career, Trenchard was a professional football player from 1895 until 1898 for the Latrobe Athletic
8910730
Edward Wakefield (statistician)


Edward Wakefield (1774–1854) was an English philanthropist and statistician, chiefly known as the author of "Ireland, Statistical and Political", and as the father of several controversial sons. Edward was the eldest son of Edward Wakefield (1750–1826) and Priscilla Bell and was born in 1774. He was the brother of Daniel Wakefield (1776–1846) and Isabella Wakefield (3 Mar 1773–17 October 1841)who married Joshua Head of Ipswich on 12 Sep 1794. Wakefield commenced adult life as a farmer near Romford in Essex, and was subsequently employed
10192824
George Trenchard (MP for Poole)


left the army by 1702 when he was admitted at Middle Temple on 21 April 1702. He was admitted at Jesus College, Cambridge on 12 May 1705. He married his cousin Mary Trenchard (died 1740), daughter of Thomas Trenchard, She was the heiress of Wolveton, Dorset, which, combined with the property he had inherited from his father, made Trenchard a substantial landowner in Dorset By 1712 Trenchard had become a friend of Thomas Burnet, a Whig pamphleteer, and stood bail for Burnet when he was prosecuted in
1011633
Hugh Trenchard as Metropolitan Police Commissioner


and university. Trenchard also wanted to create a new police rank of junior inspector to which Hendon's graduates would be promoted before later going on to the rank of Inspector. Although Trenchard's plans were criticized as a militarizing step, the Hendon College was opened in 1934. Today, the College principally provides initial training to police recruits as opposed to only those selected for advancement to the higher ranks. In his final few months, Trenchard was made a knight grand cross of the Royal Victorian Order and in November 1935, Trenchard
15685034
Hugh Trenchard, 1st Viscount Trenchard


October the Ayrshire Yeomanry, who were in the vanguard, disturbed a Boer encampment. The Boers fled on horseback and Trenchard's company pursued them for . The Boers, finding themselves unable to shake off Trenchard's pursuit, led them into an ambush. The Boers rode up a steep slope and disappeared into the valley beyond. When Trenchard made the ridge he saw the Dwarsvlei farmhouse with smoke coming from the chimney. It appeared to him that the Boers thought they had got away and were eating breakfast unawares. He placed his
8565495
Hugh Trenchard, 1st Viscount Trenchard


policy of constant attacks on the Western Front, arguing that it had been preferable to standing on the defensive, and he himself also had maintained an offensive posture throughout the War which, like the infantry, had resulted in the Flying Corps taking extremely heavy casualties. In the end, the brothers wore Trenchard down, and he accepted the post on the condition that he first be permitted to consult with Haig. After meeting with Haig, Trenchard wrote to Rothermere, accepting the post. The New Year saw Trenchard made a Knight
8565532
Hugh Trenchard, 1st Viscount Trenchard


the attention of Lloyd George. Rothermere, realising his situation, offered his resignation, which was made public on 25 April 1918. In the weeks that followed his resignation Trenchard was without a role and he kept a low profile, avoiding the Press and making no public comments. The new Air Minister, Sir William Weir, under pressure to find a position for Trenchard, offered him command of the yet to be formed Independent Force, which was to conduct long-range bombing operations against Germany. Instead, Trenchard, seeking
8565539
Hugh Trenchard, 1st Viscount Trenchard


on a bench in Green Park when he overheard a naval officer saying to another: "I don't know why the Government should pander to a man who threw in his hand at the height of a battle, if I'd my way with Trenchard I'd have him shot." Afterwards Trenchard walked home and wrote to Weir accepting command of the as yet unformed Independent Force. After a period of what was officially termed "special duty" in France, Trenchard was appointed General Officer Commanding of the Independent Air Force on
8565542
Hugh Trenchard, 1st Viscount Trenchard


did not block the much needed supplies. Trenchard also improved the links between the R.A.F. and the American Air Service, providing advanced tuition in bombing techniques to the newly arriving American aviators. In September 1918, Trenchard's Force indirectly supported the American Air Service during the Battle of Saint-Mihiel, attacking German airfields in that sector of the front, along with supply depots and rail lines. Trenchard's close co-operation with the Americans and the French was formalized when his command was redesignated the Inter-Allied Independent Air Force
8565544
Hugh Trenchard, 1st Viscount Trenchard


to the idea. Ultimately the idea was dropped. Trenchard developed a negative view of Hankey, whom he saw as being more interested in maintaining unanimity among the service heads than dealing with weaknesses in British defence arrangements. He began to speak privately against Hankey who, for his part, had no liking for Trenchard in return. By 1935, Trenchard privately lobbied for Hankey's removal on the grounds that the nation's security was at stake. Following his departure from the Metropolitan Police, he was free to speak publicly. In
8565568
World Qualification Series (2009)


18 - Aug 23" 30th Anniversary of the Lacanau Pro and good conditions this year. Surf, concerts, events scheduled. Check out the video for a summary of the event http://vimeo.com/6994555 "Aug 25 - Aug 30" "Sep 01 - Sep 06" "Sep 01 - Sep 06" "Sep 04 - Sep 06" "Sep 09 - Sep 12" "Sep 10 - Sep 13" "Sep 08 - Sep 13" "Sep 15 - Sep 20" "Sep 16 - Sep 22" "Sep
1986943