Goniocera versicolor [SEP] taxon rank
Gonioceras


the venter; armenocerid in form with short segments and very short brims and containing a straight endosiphuncular canal system. "Gonioceras" is derived from "Armenoceras" and is the type genus of Gonioceratidae. Fossils are found in marine strata of the Chazy and Blackriveran of the Middle Ordovician in the Champlain region of eastern North America and at the Paquette Rapids of the Ottawa River in Ontario. The type species, "Gonioceras anceps" was named by Hall in 1847. The flattened shell suggests that the living animal was a benthic organism
8292410
Hyla


-taxon "Hyla". Further work is needed to organize them. The mating systems across most species of "Hyla" largely feature female choice based on male calling effort. The specific parameter of calling effort that is selected for can vary from species to species, however. In "H. versicolor", for example, females show preference for calls of longer duration. The selection of males which have calls of longer duration has shown to only be advantageous at low densities. This suggests that preference plasticity, based on environmental
1544480
Taxonomic rank


not to say that a taxon at any other rank may not be sharply defined, or that any species is guaranteed to be sharply defined. It varies from case to case. Ideally, a taxon is intended to represent a clade, that is, the phylogeny of the organisms under discussion, but this is not a requirement. A classification in which all taxa have formal ranks cannot adequately reflect knowledge about phylogeny. Since taxon names are dependent on ranks in traditional Linnaean systems of classification, taxa without ranks cannot be
17667712
Gonioceras


Gonioceras is an extinct genus of actinocerid nautiloidean cephalopods typified by a broad, low shell; flattened ventrally, convexly rounded dorsally; top and bottom meeting at an acute angle along the sides. In most the shell is rather thin, especially along the lateral portion. The aperture is contracted. Sutures from broad ventral and dorsal lobes, more narrowly rounded ventro-lateral and dorso-lateral saddles, and sharp pointed lateral lobes; more complex than in later "Lambeoceras". The siphuncle is typically subcentral but may be closer to
8292409
Form (botany)


In botanical nomenclature, a form ("forma", plural "formae") is one of the "secondary" taxonomic ranks, below that of variety, which in turn is below that of species; it is an infraspecific taxon. If more than three ranks are listed in describing a taxon, the "classification" is being specified, but only three parts make up the "name" of the taxon: a genus name, a specific epithet, and an infraspecific epithet. The abbreviation "f." or the
7125380
Infraspecific name


In botany, an infraspecific name is the scientific name for any taxon below the rank of species, i.e. an infraspecific taxon. (A "taxon", plural "taxa", is a group of organisms to be given a particular name.) The scientific names of botanical taxa are regulated by the "International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants" (ICN). This specifies a 'three part name' for infraspecific taxa, plus a 'connecting term' to indicate the rank of the name
20320028
Taxon


In biology, a taxon (plural taxa; back-formation from "taxonomy") is a group of one or more populations of an organism or organisms seen by taxonomists to form a unit. Although neither is required, a taxon is usually known by a particular name and given a particular ranking, especially if and when it is accepted or becomes established. It is not uncommon, however, for taxonomists to remain at odds over what belongs to a taxon and the criteria used for inclusion. If a taxon is given
20416048
Versicolored monarch


The versicolored monarch or Ogea monarch ("Mayrornis versicolor") is a species of bird in the family Monarchidae. It is endemic to two islands, Ogea Driki and Ogea Levu, in the Lau Group of south eastern Fiji. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests. The species is little known, it feeds on insects and is thought to breed around July. Alternate names for the versicolored monarch include the Fiji versicolored monarch, Mayr's flycatcher, Ogea flycatcher and versicolored flycatcher. The species is not thought
9231316
Name-bearing type


group" ranks consist of just the species and subspecies. (Note: a "species group" defined as a taxon, rather than as a category of ranks, has an unofficial rank, one of several such ranks between the subgenus and species levels sometimes used by zoologists in taxa with many species; see Taxonomic rank.) The name-bearing type of a species-group taxon (hereafter "species" for brevity) is an actual specimen or set of specimens; the "Code" recommends that great care should
5809726
Trametes versicolor


Trametes versicolor – also known as "Coriolus versicolor" and "Polyporus versicolor" – is a common polypore mushroom found throughout the world. Meaning 'of several colours', "versicolor" reliably describes this fungus that displays different colors. For example, because its shape and multiple colors are similar to those of a wild turkey, "T. versicolor" is commonly called turkey tail. The top surface of the cap shows typical concentric zones of different colours. The flesh is 1–3 mm thick and has leathery texture. Older specimens
22176481
Aspergillus versicolor


as nidulotoxins and aflatoxin B1, are typically produced in relatively low concentrations by "A. versicolor". The only exception is sterigmatocystin, which can account for up to 1% of the total biomass of "A. versicolor" under optimal conditions (e.g. a of 1). Not many spores are produced by "A. versicolor", so it is suspected that human exposured to sterigmatocystins occur through micro-fragments derived from the colonies. Like other members of its species, "A. versicolor" is an opportunistic pathogen and is considered
6811244
Tinea versicolor


Tinea versicolor is a condition characterized by a skin eruption on the trunk and proximal extremities. The majority of tinea versicolor is caused by the fungus "Malassezia globosa", although "Malassezia furfur" is responsible for a small number of cases. These yeasts are normally found on the human skin and become troublesome only under certain circumstances, such as a warm and humid environment, although the exact conditions that cause initiation of the disease process are poorly understood. The condition pityriasis versicolor was first identified in 1846. Versicolor comes from the
19595022
Botanical nomenclature


taxon (see correct name) and if a new name may (or must) be coined. Plant taxonomy is an empirical science, a science that determines what constitutes a particular taxon (taxonomic grouping, plural: taxa): e.g. "What plants belong to this species?" and "What species belong to this genus?". The definition of the limits of a taxon is called its 'circumscription'. For a particular taxon, if two taxonomists agree exactly on its circumscription, rank and position (i.e. the
15041079
Synonym (taxonomy)


of Zoological Nomenclature", synonyms are different scientific names of the same taxonomic rank that pertain to that same taxon. For example, a particular species could, over time, have had two or more species-rank names published for it, while the same is applicable at higher ranks such as genera, families, orders, etc. In each case, the earliest published name is called the senior synonym, while the later name is the junior synonym. In the case where two names for the same taxon have been published
3098371
One Rank, One Pension


and 85 Indian Military Academy; and officers from the 14 Army Education Course; and twenty five officers and their families came from Jaipur. The movement continues to gain momentum, and perceptible increase in support and participation by former high-ranking officers of the armed forces, from Lt generals, Admirals, air marshals, Group Captains, and Colonels. Old veterans included Sep Ram Kishan, 93 years, Armoured Corp veteran of World War II; Sep Ram Bharose Yadav, 85 years, a blind veteran of 72 Medium Artillery;
8649907
Brugmansia versicolor


Brugmansia versicolor is a species of plant in the Solanaceae family, commonly known as “angel’s trumpets”. They are endemic to Ecuador. Since March 2014, they have been listed as Extinct in the Wild by the IUCN. "Brugmansia versicolor" is a bush or small tree reaching in height. It has an alternate insertion of elliptic/oblong leaves that are entire with smooth edges. One of the most prominent characteristics of "B. versicolor" is the presence of giant drooping flowers which hang upside down, which is
21589339
Aspergillus versicolor


Aspergillus versicolor is a slow-growing filamentous fungus commonly found in damp indoor environments and on food products. It has a characteristic musty odor associated with moldy homes and is a major producer of the hepatotoxic and carcinogenic mycotoxin sterigmatocystin. Like other "Aspergillus" species, "A. versicolor" is an eye, nose, and throat irritant. The fungus was first described by Jean-Paul Vuillemin in 1903 under the name "Sterigmatocystis versicolor", and was later moved to the genus "Aspergillus" by Carlo Tiraboschi in 1908.
6811236
Aspergillus versicolor


to be an important causative agent of aspergillosis. There have been reported cases of the fungus causing onychomycosis, which is often treated with topical azoles. However, "A. versicolor" is insensitive to these treatments and the infection can persist even after months or years of treatment. Studies have shown that like other "Aspergillus" species, "A. versicolor" is highly sensitive to terbinafine, which has "in vitro" fungicidal activity. There are more than 20 allergens that have been identified from "A. versicolor", with the
6811245
Simarouba


having straight, rather than curved petals; its fruit are also smaller. "S. glauca" can be distinguished by the lack of trichomes on its leaves compared with those of "S. versicolor", which has dense tomentose leaves. "S. versicolor" has a greater variation in flower size than "S. glauca" and the leaf veins of "S. glauca" are generally more evident than those of "S. versicolor". Geographically, "S. glauca" and "S. versicolor" are easy to distinguish since the southerly range
6867035
PhyloCode


content of a taxon, other than the type, is not specified by the rank-based codes. In contrast, under phylogenetic nomenclature, the content of taxa are delimited using a definition that is based on phylogeny (i.e., ancestry and descent) and uses specifiers (e.g., species, specimens, apomorphies) to indicate actual organisms. The formula of the definition indicates an ancestor. The defined taxon, then, is that ancestor and all of its descendants. Thus, the content of a phylogenetically defined taxon relies on
4227015
Taxonomic rank


given names. Alternative approaches, such as using circumscriptional names, avoid this problem. There are no rules for how many species should make a genus, a family, or any other higher taxon (that is, a taxon in a category above the species level). It should be a natural group (that is, non-artificial, non-polyphyletic), as judged by a biologist, using all the information available to them. Equally ranked higher taxa in different phyla are not necessarily equivalent (e.g., it
17667713
Photuris versicolor


for the lucibufagin steroids that their prey produce. "Photuris versicolor" are large members of the Lampyridae family, approximately 20–50 mm in length. "P. versicolor" are strong fliers with excellent eye sight, which is especially sensitive to light in the near UV (380 nm) and green (550 nm) spectra. Although male and female adults both have luminescence, this species is strongly sexually dimorphic. Females are larger bodied with a larger flash organ than males. Virgin "P. versicolor" females respond to the triple flash
1991406
Panulirus versicolor


Panulirus versicolor is a species of spiny lobster that lives in tropical reefs. Other names include painted rock lobster, common rock lobster, bamboo lobster, blue lobster, and blue spiny lobster. "P. versicolor" is one of the three most common varieties of spiny lobster in Sri Lanka, alongside "Panulirus homarus" and "Panulirus ornatus". "P. versicolor" grows up to long, but is typically no more than . It has no claws, two spiny rostra over the eyes, and two pairs of large antennae
22147688
Polistes versicolor


Polistes versicolor is a subtropical social wasp within "Polistes", the most common genus of paper wasp. The most widely distributed South American wasp species, "P. versicolor" is particularly common in the Southeastern Brazilian states. This social wasp is commonly referred to as the yellow paper wasp due to the distinct yellow bands found on its thorax and abdomen. The "P. versicolor" nest, made of chewed vegetable fiber, is typically a single, uncovered comb attached to the substratum by a single petiole. The yellow wasp is
3641491
Erica versicolor


Erica versicolor is a species of flowering plant in the family Ericaceae, native to South Africa’s Cape Province. In cultivation "E. versicolor" requires well-drained acidic soil and a sheltered situation in full sun. It cannot tolerate freezing temperatures. In the UK it has gained the Royal Horticultural Society’s Award of Garden Merit. "E. versicolor" is an evergreen shrub growing to tall by broad, bearing tiny needle-like leaves and long tubular flowers up to in length. The flowers have a two-tone
458331
Photuris versicolor


Photuris versicolor, is a species complex of firefly common throughout the Eastern United States. Fireflies famously use flash-based visual signalling to find mates at a distance and each species of firefly has a unique flash pattern sequence that males and females of the same species use to identify one another. Researchers have documented the ability of female "P. versicolor" to hunt males of other firefly species by mimicking the flash responses of female fireflies of other species. "Photuris versicolor" appear to target males, such as Photinus pyralis, specifically
1991405
Phylogenetic nomenclature


Phylogenetic nomenclature, often called cladistic nomenclature, is a method of nomenclature for taxa in biology that uses phylogenetic definitions for taxon names as explained below. This contrasts with the traditional approach, in which taxon names are defined by a "type", which can be a specimen or a taxon of lower rank, and a description in words. Phylogenetic nomenclature is currently not regulated, but the "International Code of Phylogenetic Nomenclature" ("PhyloCode") is intended to regulate it once it is ratified. Phylogenetic nomenclature ties names
4744909
Sarracenia rosea


this taxon in a 1993 issue of "Rhodora", the journal of the New England Botanical Club. Schnell decided to place this taxon at the rank of variety below subsp. "venosa" as "S. purpurea" var. "burkii", honoring Louis Burk as Wherry had suggested 60 years earlier. In 1999, however, botanists Robert Naczi, then a professor of biology at Northern Kentucky University, and Frederick and Roberta Case elevated the variety to species rank, naming it "Sarracenia rosea". They compiled morphological
4498748
Macrostomida


The Macrostomida are a taxon of small basal free-living flatworms (Turbellaria, Platyhelminthes), which inhabit freshwater, brackish, and marine environments. The taxon name was coined by Josef Meixner (1924). There are currently about 260 named species in this taxon. As is the case for many other taxa, the taxonomic rank of Macrostomida is not very clear. Macrostomidans are small (~0.5 to 5 mm in length), and generally highly transparent microturbellarians, usually round in cross section, and with only the largest forms
13717906
Type (biology)


specimens. The type of a genus or subgenus is a species. The type of a suprageneric taxon (e.g., family, etc.) is a genus. Names higher than superfamily rank do not have types. A "name-bearing type" is a specimen or image that "provides the objective standard of reference whereby the application of the name of a nominal taxon can be determined." Although in reality biologists may examine many specimens (when available) of a new taxon before writing an official published species description,
4362871
Correct name


there are two or more legitimate names for the same taxon (with the same circumscription, position and rank), then the correct name is the one which has priority, i.e. it was published earliest, although names may be conserved if they have been very widely used. Validly published names other than the correct name are called synonyms. Since taxonomists may disagree as to the circumscription, position or rank of a taxon, there can be more than one correct name for a particular plant. These may also be called synonyms.
19338400
Banksia aquilonia


geographically distinct from other infraspecific taxa. They also noted that there were no intermediate plants between what was then known as "B. integrifolia" var. "aquilonia" and other populations of "B. integrifolia". On this basis they would have liked to promote it to species rank, but did not because their inferred phylogeny suggested that this taxon arose from within "B. integrifolia". They were unwilling to render "B. integrifolia" paraphyletic by elevating this taxon to species rank, and they were equally unwilling to elevate all four
21331511
Drosera gigantea


geniculata", that grows to tall in black sandy soils near Perth and to its south. Jan Schlauer disagreed with Marchant and Lowrie's decision to give the new taxon a rank of subspecies and thus published a new combination of the taxon at the rank of variety in a 1996 issue of the "Carnivorous Plant Newsletter". He argued that subspecies should be reserved for those occasions where allopatric, or geographically isolated, speciation occurred and varieties are best used in cases where sympatric speciation is suspected. Others disagree with this assessment,
2758435
Anaspidea


somewhat resemble the ears of a hare. Many older textbooks and websites refer to this suborder as Anaspidea. The original author Paul Henri Fischer described the taxon Anaspidea at unspecified rank above family. In 1925 Johannes Thiele established the taxon Anaspidea as a suborder. Since the taxon Anaspidea was not based on an existing genus, this name is no longer available according to the rules of the ICZN. Anaspidea has been replaced in the new Taxonomy of the Gastropoda (Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005) by the clade Aplysiomorpha. The scientific name
4362472
Phylogenetic nomenclature


rank changed, even if it has precisely the same members (i.e. the same circumscription); and it is logically inconsistent with all taxa being monophyletic. Especially in recent decades (due to advances in phylogenetics), taxonomists have named many "nested" taxa (i.e. taxa which are contained inside other taxa). No system of nomenclature attempts to name every clade; this would be particularly difficult in traditional nomenclature since every named taxon must be given a lower rank than any named taxon in which it is nested, so the
4744916
Synonym (taxonomy)


other purposes, if a researcher is interested in consulting or compiling all currently known information regarding a taxon, some of this (including species descriptions, distribution, ecology and more) may well have been published under names now regarded as outdated (i.e., synonyms) and so it is again useful to know a list of historic synonyms which may have been used for a given current (valid) taxon name. Objective synonyms refer to taxa with the same type and same rank (more or less the same taxon, although circumscription
3098374
Versicolored emerald


especially the blue-green emerald ("A. (v.) rondoniae"), also known as the Rondonia emerald. This was based on plumage and reported sympatry with "A. versicolor" (ssp?), but except for the blue to the head, "A. v. rondoniae" is very similar to "A. v. nitidifrons", and any evidence for sympatry is lacking. It was therefore "de-listed" by the South American Classification Committee, and is now considered a subspecies of the versicolored emerald, with
206253
World Qualification Series (2009)


18 - Aug 23" 30th Anniversary of the Lacanau Pro and good conditions this year. Surf, concerts, events scheduled. Check out the video for a summary of the event http://vimeo.com/6994555 "Aug 25 - Aug 30" "Sep 01 - Sep 06" "Sep 01 - Sep 06" "Sep 04 - Sep 06" "Sep 09 - Sep 12" "Sep 10 - Sep 13" "Sep 08 - Sep 13" "Sep 15 - Sep 20" "Sep 16 - Sep 22" "Sep
1986943
List of 1982–83 NBA season transactions


1982 Oct 2, 1982 Oct 1, 1982 Sep 30, 1982 Sep 29, 1982 Sep 28, 1982 Sep 27, 1982 Sep 24, 1982 Sep 22, 1982 Sep 20, 1982 Sep 19, 1982 Sep 18, 1982 Sep 17, 1982 Sep 15, 1982 Sep 14, 1982 Sep 13, 1982 Sep 10, 1982 Sep 9, 1982 Sep 7, 1982 Sep 2, 1982 Sep 1, 1982 Aug 31, 1982 Aug 27, 1982 Aug 26, 1982 Aug 16, 1982 Aug 8,
557049
Abraham Halpern


in Royal Canadian Naval Volunteer Reserve from Sep. 24, 1942 to Nov. 30, 1945 in European, North Atlantic, and Pacific theatres. Rank on discharge: Petty Officer. Served in Royal Canadian Navy, 1953-1957, as follows: Medical Officer, R.C.N. Hospital, Esquimalt, BC, July to Nov., 1953. Medical Officer, H.M.C.S. "Cayuga", Nov., 1953 to Feb., 1955 - Far East (Korea). Medical Officer, R.C.N. Hospital, Cornwallis, NS, Apr., 1955 to Sep.,
12498700
Iris versicolor


Iris versicolor is also commonly known as the blue flag, harlequin blueflag, larger blue flag, northern blue flag, and poison flag, plus other variations of these names, and in Britain and Ireland as purple iris. It is a species of "Iris" native to North America, in the Eastern United States and Eastern Canada. It is common in sedge meadows, marshes, and along streambanks and shores. The specific epithet "versicolor" means "variously coloured". It is one of the three "Iris"
12420926
Acromyrmex versicolor


Individuals of "A. versicolor" are a variety of sizes due to the division of labour seen within their colony. They are reddish brown and have a narrow waist. They are also covered in spines; at least 4 spines on the rear of their thorax, distinct spines on the rear corners of their head, and small bumps on their abdomen. "A. versicolor" mate from late July through October. All major mating flights are preceded by a day of rain. Mating flights begin in the early morning when individuals of
10963644
Luskhan


being an apex predator; for instance, its teeth are larger than "Luskhan". Based on the presence of the ammonite "Speetoniceras versicolor" several meters north of the site where "Luskhan" was discovered, the g-5 ghorizont layer can be correlated with the "S. versicolor" zone. Magnetostratigraphy indicates that this zone dates to the Hauterivian epoch of the early Cretaceous Period, approximately 128 million years ago. "Makhaira" originates from the "S. versicolor" zone, and it was found nearby "Luskhan" as well
7795425
Tinea versicolor


such as hypopigmentation (loss of color) are common, while in those with lighter skin color, hyperpigmentation (increase in skin color) is more common. These discolorations have led to the term "sun fungus". In cases of tinea versicolor caused by the fungus "Malassezia furfur", lightening of the skin occurs due to the fungus's production of azelaic acid, which has a slight bleaching effect. Tinea versicolor may be diagnosed by a potassium hydroxide (KOH) preparation and lesions may fluoresce copper-orange when exposed
19595024
Versicolored emerald


The versicoloured emerald ("Amazilia versicolor"), sometimes placed in the genus "Agyrtria", is a species of hummingbird from central and eastern South America. The taxonomy is very complex and remains a matter of dispute. The nominate subspecies ("A. v. versicolor") occurs in two main morphs; a white-throated coastal type and a green/turquoise-throated inland type. At some localities individuals with intermediate features are commonly seen, but at others the two morphs seemingly co-occur without signs of intergradation
206251
Polistes versicolor


) towards the associated females, who tend to be sisters. Wagging movements are also often used as a form of communication within the colony. The yellow paper wasp is generally predatory, capturing a wide range of insects, although it often feeds on pollen and nectar as well. Therefore, "P. versicolor" can be useful as a pollinator or as effective pest control. The French entomologist Guillaume-Antoine Olivier described the yellow paper wasp in 1791. Its species name, "versicolor", is a Latin term that means
3641493
Polistes versicolor


these wasps. "P. versicolor" is generally a predatory wasp, capturing a wide range of insects. While they don’t typically have a prey preference, the yellow paper wasps usually feed on insects from the orders Lepidoptera (95.4%) and Coleoptera (1.1%). "Chlosyne lacinia saundersii" (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) is the most collected prey (13.5%). Ant attacks represent the largest predatory pressure for "P. versicolor". The yellow paper wasps have developed various ways to combat these ants, one
3641530
Erigeron versicolor


Erigeron versicolor is a rare North American species of flowering plant in the daisy family known by the common names bald-fruit fleabane and changing fleabane. It is native to the southwestern United States (Arizona, New Mexico, Texas) and northern and central Mexico as far south as Michoacán. "Erigeron versicolor" grows in scattered locations usually in moist places such as the edges of ponds, marshes, and creeks. It is an annual or perennial herb up to 80 centimeters (32 inches) tall. One plant can produce
5782080
Aspergillus versicolor


Presently, the genus "Sterigmatocystis" is obsolete. "Aspergillus versicolor" is a highly ubiquitous species commonly isolated from soil, plant debris, marine environments, and indoor air environments. It is among the most common of indoor molds, often reported in dust and in water-damaged building materials, such as wallboards, insulation, textiles, ceiling tiles, and manufactured wood. "Aspergillus versicolor" is a highly resilient fungus, explaining its wide global distribution in a variety of environmental conditions. Although it grows optimally between 22
6811237
Aspergillus versicolor


and 26 °C, "A. versicolor" can grow at a larger temperature range from 4–40 °C. The fungus can also tolerate a wide pH range, and is particularly resistant to alkaline conditions. The soil depth at which the fungus can be found is variable (down to 50 cm), but it appears to be particularly abundant in deeper soils. Like other members of its genus, "A. versicolor" displays moderate xerophillic characteristics, meaning that it can grow in conditions with low water activity (down to a
6811238
Aspergillus versicolor


is able to grow on a variety of surfaces, including those that are nutrient-deficient, because it is autotrophic for most growth substances and the macronutrient riboflavin. Additionally, "A. versicolor" has high activity levels of xylanase, an enzyme that breaks down hemicellulose in plant cell walls. Xylanase is a secondary metabolite controlled through gene-specific induction and carbon catabolite repression. Many metabolites produced by "A. versicolor" exhibit antibacterial, fungicidal, insecticidal, and cytotoxic properties. For example, a sesquiterpenoid nitrobenzoyl ester isolated from hyphae
6811242
Phrynocephalus versicolor


Phrynocephalus versicolor, the variegated toadhead agama, is a species of agamid lizard found in desert areas of China and Mongolia. It was first described by the Russian herpetologist Alexander Strauch, director of the Zoological Museum at the Imperial Academy of Sciences at St. Petersburg. Four subspecies, including the nominate one, are recognized: "Phrynocephalus versicolor" grows to a length of about including the tail, which is longer than the combined head and body. The head is large and rounded and the blunt snout has an oblique profile which makes
7076423
Phrynobatrachus versicolor


Phrynobatrachus versicolor is a species of frog in the family Phrynobatrachidae. It is found in northwestern Burundi, western Rwanda, southwestern Uganda, and adjacent eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo. Common names Rwanda river frog and green puddle frog have been coined for it. The specific name "versicolor", derived from the Latin "versare" ("to change") and "color", and refers to its variable dorsal colouration. Males measure and adult females in snout–vent length. The body is comparatively stocky and robust
7368419
Antilles pinktoe tarantula


The Antilles pinktoe tarantula ("Caribena versicolor"), also known as the Martinique red tree spider or the Martinique pinktoe is popular as a spider pet because of its docile character and unique coloration. Previously placed in the genus "Avicularia", "C. versicolor" is native to Martinique in the Caribbean Sea. Antilles pinktoe tarantulas are arboreal (tree-dwelling). They spin elaborate funnel webs in which they spend most of their time. Spiderlings of "C. versicolor" are bright blue, with a black tree trunk
9153825
Acromyrmex versicolor


Acromyrmex versicolor is known as the desert leafcutting ant. "A. versicolor" is found during the summer months in the Colorado and Sonoran deserts when there is precipitation. They form large, distinctive nest craters that are covered with leaf fragments. Living and dead leaves are collected by workers and used to cultivate fungus gardens. Each colony has multiple queens, which is a practice called pleometrosis,and each queen has her own batch of “starter” fungus. This species does not sting. The average worker is 2–6 mm long.
10963643
Acromyrmex versicolor


with up to three or four different males even though one mating is sufficient to fill the spermatheca. Genetic analysis of paternity of offspring of females who mated with multiple males showed that each male had relatively equal amounts of offspring. This shows that the sperm is mixed within the spermatheca and that females have little to no control over which sperm fertilize her eggs. The foraging habits of "A . versicolor" are strongly influenced by temperature. During the cooler spring and fall months, "A. versicolor" have diurnal foraging activity.
10963646
Cope's gray tree frog


of "H. chrysoscelis" and "H. versicolor" reveals differences in chromosome number. "H. chrysoscelis" is diploid, having two complete sets of chromosomes, the usual condition in vertebrates. "H. versicolor" is tetraploid, having double the usual number of chromosomes. Generally, "H. versicolor" is believed to have evolved from "H. chrysoscelis" in the last major ice age, when areas of extremely low temperatures divided populations. Despite currently sharing habitat, the two species generally do not interbreed. Both "H. chrysoscelis
17450790
Caladenia versicolor


Caladenia versicolor, commonly known as the candy spider orchid, is a plant in the orchid family Orchidaceae and is endemic to Victoria. It is a ground orchid with a single, sparsely hairy leaf and one or two white, pink or purplish flowers. Only about one thousand plants in two populations have been recorded and the species has been declared as "vulnerable". "Caladenia versicolor" is a terrestrial, perennial, deciduous, herb with an underground tuber and a single sparsely hairy leaf, 50–100 mm long and 6–8 mm
20790052
Caladenia versicolor


12–16 mm long and 7–9 mm wide. The sides of the labellum have narrow teeth up to 3mm long, decreasing in length towards the tip which is curled under, and there are four or six rows of pink or purplish calli up to 1 mm long, along its centre. Flowering occurs from September to November. "Caladenia versicolor" was first formally described in 1991 by Geoffrey Carr and the description was published in "Indigenous Flora and Fauna Association Miscellaneous Paper 1". The specific epithet ("versicolor")
20790054
Polistes versicolor


" males presented with a heterozygous phenotype in any loci, indicating the absence of diploid yellow paper wasp males. Genetic relatedness within "P. versicolor" broods is found to be lower than the "r" = 0.75 for females and "r" = 0.5 for males that would be expected for haplodiploid species under monogynous conditions; it has been found, however, that "P. versicolor" doesn’t necessarily mate under monogynous conditions. The low genetic relatedness is another consequence of the presence of more than one egg-laying female
3641520
Polistes versicolor


be a powerful strategy for pest management of herbivorous insects, especially defoliating caterpillars. By transferring "P. versicolor" to artificial shelters, these colonies can be managed and used to restore the balance between the species in agricultural ecosystems with relatively minimal costs. In addition to agricultural pest management, "P. versicolor" can also be a useful pollinator. These social wasps mainly feed on honeydew, fruit juices, and nectar. While foraging for these food supplies, especially nectar, the yellow paper wasps are able to simultaneously pollinate many flowering
3641534
Tachigali versicolor


Tachigali versicolor or the suicide tree is a species of tree found from Costa Rica to western Colombia. It is monocarpic, flowering only once before dying, which gives rise to its common name of the "suicide tree". "Tachigali versicolor" reproduces only once in its lifetime once the trees are mature. Within a year of flowering the tree rapidly dies and falls over. The trait was first noticed by Robin Foster in 1970, while working in Panama. Carlos Fonseca reported that another species in the genus, "Tachigali
4928498
Oeceoclades versicolor


Oeceoclades versicolor is a terrestrial orchid species in the genus "Oeceoclades" that is endemic to Réunion in the Indian Ocean. In 1880, the French botanist Charles Frappier published a list of 145 orchids that grew on the island of Réunion, but Frappier died before he could complete his studies and formally describe all of the species. Frappier's work was continued by Eugène Jacob de Cordemoy and in his 1895 work "Flore de l'île de La Réunion", he described "Eulophia versicolor" and attributed the name to Frappier, although
6408886
Aspergillus versicolor


of 0.75–0.81 in the optimal temperature range). "A. versicolor" is also considered to be osmophilic as it is able to survive in solutions that are up to 30% NaCl or 40% sucrose. This makes the fungus an economically important spoilage organism for stored grains, rice, tea, and spices. Additionally, "A. versicolor" has been isolated from areas with high saline levels including the Dead Sea. Other extreme habitats from which the fungus has been reported include peat bogs, deglaciated Arctic soil, and uranium mines
6811239
Pseudocalotes andamanensis


". Distinguished from "Calotes versicolor" and "Calotes liocephalus" groups and "C. rouxi" and "C. ellioti" in presence of enlarged keeled scales on caudal surface of thigh. Distinguished from "Calotes versicolor" group lizards in scale orientation – distinguished from "Calotes versicolor" in having an antehumeral pit; distinguished from "C. nemoricola" and "C. grandisquamis" in having equal size dorsal and ventral scales, toe-IV longer than III, scales around midbody 67 (36-43 and 27-35 respectively
774262
Triphysaria versicolor


Triphysaria versicolor is a species of flowering plant in the broomrape family known by the common name yellowbeak owl's-clover. It is native to the west coast of North America from British Columbia to central California, where it grows in grassland habitat. "Triphysaria versicolor" is an annual herb producing a green or yellowish stem up to about 60 centimeters in maximum height. Like many species in its family it is a facultative root parasite on other plants, attaching to their roots via haustoria to tap nutrients. The leaves are up to
9266283
Calotes andamanensis


IV longer than III; stretched hindlimb reaches eye. Distinguished from "Calotes versicolor" and "Calotes liocephalus" groups and "C. rouxi" and "C. ellioti" in presence of enlarged keeled scales on caudal surface of thigh. Distinguished from "Calotes versicolor" group lizards in scale orientation – distinguished from "Calotes versicolor" in having an antehumeral pit; distinguished from "C. nemoricola" and "C. grandisquamis" in having equal size dorsal and ventral scales, toe-IV longer than III, scales around midbody 67 (
2687424
Oligia versicolor


) and specific identification usually requires close study of the genitalia. See Townsend et al. for genitalia images and an identification key."O. versicolor" has a wingspan of 23–28 mm and often has more brightly coloured forewings than its congeners with rich reddish-brown tones and a grey subterminal band. There is also often one or more tufts of reddish hairs on the thorax, always lacking in its congeners. Although melanism occurs in this species it is much less frequent than in the other two species. "O. versicolor" flies
371388
Taxon


any biological domain, but traditionally it was always used for animals, whereas "Division" was traditionally often used for plants, fungi, etc. A prefix is used to indicate a ranking of lesser importance. The prefix "super-" indicates a rank above, the prefix "sub-" indicates a rank below. In zoology the prefix "infra-" indicates a rank below "sub-". For instance, among the additional ranks of class are superclass, subclass and infraclass. Rank is relative, and restricted to a particular
20416053
Validly published name


a particular taxon and rank. Nevertheless, invalid names ("nomen invalidum", "nom. inval.") are sometimes in use. This may occur when a taxonomist finds and recognises a taxon and thinks of a name, but delays publishing it in an adequate manner. A common reason for this is that a taxonomist intends to write a "magnum opus" that provides an overview of the group, rather than a series of small papers. Another reason is that the code of nomenclature changes with time, and
14663024
Aromobatidae


The Aromobatidae are a family of frogs native to Central and South America. They are sometimes referred to as cryptic forest frogs. They are the sister taxon of the Dendrobatidae, the poison dart frogs, but are not as toxic as most dendrobatids are. The Aromobatidae were separated from the Dendrobatidae only in 2006, and some sources continue to treat these frogs as part of the Dendrobatidae. However, their position as the sister taxon is well supported, and the question is primarily about whether they should be ranked as a family or
17636105
Ozimops


30. The variation to this is the loss of a tooth in mature individuals, the upper anterior premolar, at one or both sides of the jaw. The taxon was first published as subgenus of "Mormopterus" in 2014, separating Australian groups whose diversity was reviewed and described as new species. The content of the new taxon was established or formerly cryptic taxa of Indo-Papuan species and a centre of diversity at the Australian mainland. This was elevated to the rank of genus in 2015. The arrangement of the genus
2029365
Taxon


coined a century before from the Greek components "τάξις" (taxis, meaning arrangement) and "-νομία" (-nomia meaning method). For plants, it was proposed by Herman Johannes Lam in 1948, and it was adopted at the VII International Botanical Congress, held in 1950. The Glossary of the "International Code of Zoological Nomenclature" (1999) defines a A taxon can be assigned a taxonomic rank, usually (but not necessarily) when it is given a formal name. "Phylum" applies formally to
20416052
Autonym (botany)


belonged to the species (and are not included in the newly described taxon) now become a new infraspecific taxon. But as neither the type nor the final epithet has changed, there is no need for a change in author citation. The same goes for a subdivision of a genus. If a botanist creates a new subdivision of a genus, for example by dividing a large genus into two or more subgenera, sections, or series, then a new subdivision of the genus at each of the new ranks will share the
20983137
Monera


Monera () (Greek - μονήρης (monḗrēs), "single", "solitary") is a kingdom that contains unicellular organisms with a prokaryotic cell organization (having no nuclear membrane), such as bacteria. They are single-celled organisms with no true nuclear membrane (prokaryotic organisms). The taxon Monera was first proposed as a phylum by Ernst Haeckel in 1866. Subsequently, the phylum was elevated to the rank of kingdom in 1925 by Édouard Chatton. The last commonly accepted mega-classification with the taxon
5726713
September 1941 lunar eclipse


A partial lunar eclipse took place on Friday, September 5, 1941. It was a shallow partial lunar eclipse, with less than 10% of the Moon covered in Earth's shadow. Aug 31, 1941 = Sunday Sep 1, 1941 = Monday Sep 2, 1941 = Tuesday Sep 3, 1941 = Wednesday Sep 4, 1941 = Thursday Sep 5, 1941 = Friday Sep 6, 1941 = Saturday Sep 7, 1941 = Sunday Sep 8, 1941 = Monday Sep 9, 1941 = Tuesday Sep 10, 1941
5363349
Tatuidris


of the tribe has been the focus of debate. Bolton (2003) was the first to suggest the taxonomic instability of "Tatuidris" within Myrmicinae and raised the genus to the level of a new subfamily, the Agroecomyrmecinae, suggesting that Agroecomyrmecinae might be the sister taxon to Myrmicinae. The subfamily rank was re-assessed by Baroni Urbani & de Andrade in 2007, this was the first attempt to include "Tatuidris" as a terminal taxon in a morphological cladistic analysis. In their study, Baroni Urbani & de Andrade identified
21404594
Correct name


In botany, the correct name according to the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (ICN) is the one and only botanical name that is to be used for a particular taxon, when that taxon has a particular circumscription, position and rank. Determining whether a name is correct is a complex procedure. The name must be validly published, a process which is defined in no less than 16 Articles of the ICN. It must also be "legitimate", which imposes some further requirements. If
19338399
Abelisauridae


. Abelisauridae is a family in rank-based Linnaean taxonomy, within the infraorder Ceratosauria and the superfamily Abelisauroidea, which also contains the family Noasauridae. It has had several definitions in phylogenetic taxonomy. It was originally defined as a node-based taxon including "Abelisaurus", "Carnotaurus", their common ancestor, and all of its descendants. Later, it was redefined as a stem-based taxon, including all animals more closely related to "Abelisaurus" (or the more complete "Carnotaurus") than to "
19559613
Gleicheniaceae


-shaped hairs. There is some dispute about ranking these ferns. They are typically placed in the order Gleicheniales. They may alternatively be considered a subclass Gleicheniatae or class Gleichenopsida, so that a distinct taxon can be established for the leptosporangiate ferns. In this case, the Gleicheniaceae are upranked to an order and receive the name Gleicheniales. Irrespective of their modern taxonomic treatment, the Gleicheniaceae were formerly included in the order Polypodiales. But the ferns in the loose sense are much too diverse a group to be shoehorned into one taxon
4344486
Taxonomic rank


by the nomenclature codes. There are seven main taxonomic ranks: kingdom, phylum or division, class, order, family, genus, species. In addition, "domain" (proposed by Carl Woese) is now widely used as a fundamental rank, although it is not mentioned in any of the nomenclature codes, and is a synonym for dominion (lat. dominium), introduced by Moore in 1974. A taxon is usually assigned a rank when it is given its formal name. The basic ranks are species and
17667700
Taxonomic rank


In biological classification, taxonomic rank is the relative level of a group of organisms (a taxon) in a taxonomic hierarchy. Examples of taxonomic ranks are species, genus, family, order, class, phylum, kingdom, domain, etc. A given rank subsumes under it less general categories, that is, more specific descriptions of life forms. Above it, each rank is classified within more general categories of organisms and groups of organisms related to each other through inheritance of traits or features from common ancestors. The rank
17667696
Taxonomic rank


nuclei in the domain Eukarya. The "International Code of Zoological Nomenclature" defines "rank" as: "The level, for nomenclatural purposes, of a taxon in a taxonomic hierarchy (e.g. all families are for nomenclatural purposes at the same rank, which lies between superfamily and subfamily)." In his landmark publications, such as the "Systema Naturae", Carl Linnaeus used a ranking scale limited to: kingdom, class, order, genus, species, and one rank below species. Today, nomenclature is regulated
17667699
Sorbeoconcha


Sorbeoconcha is a taxonomic clade of snails, i.e. gastropods, mainly marine species with gills and opercula, within the clade Caenogastropoda. The taxon Sorbeoconcha was named by Winston Ponder and David R. Lindberg in 1997. According to the older taxonomy by Ponder and Lindberg the suborders within the order Sorbeoconcha are: In the taxonomy by Bouchet & Rocroi (2005), the clade Sorbeoconcha was declared a taxon of unspecified rank, within the clade Caenogastropoda. It comprises the superfamily Cerithioidea, the superfamily Campaniloidea, the informal group Ptenoglossa and the clade
13363551
Stomatellinae


Stomatellinae is a subfamily of small sea snails with a brilliantly nacreous interior of the shell, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Trochidae, the top snails. In the earlier classification used in the Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, the Stomatellidae was included in the Archaeogastropoda, however, this taxon is now largely abandoned in favor of the more recently defined Vetigastropoda. According to Bouchet & Rocroi (2005), Williams et al. (2008) and Williams et al. (2010) this taxon underwent a rank change from family Stomatellidae to
2477997
Lambeoceras


thought that "Lambeoceras" was derived from "Gonioceras" and included it in the Gonioceratidae. Kochoceras differs from Lambeocernas in having a flattened venter and a siphuncle that rests on the ventral side and is closely allied with "Actinoceras" (Flower 1957) "Lambeoceras" is found with "Actinoceras", "Armenoceras", and "Nybyoceras" in the Second Value Formation in New Mexico; with "Armenoceras" and "Selkirkoceras" in the Burnam Limestone in central Texas; with "Actinoceras", "Paractinoceras",
4957465
Rhinonycteridae


in 2014. The affinities within the families Hipposideridae and Rhinolophidae are sometimes found to be contrary in morphological and molecular analyses, yet resolving the phylogeny of these speciose and poorly defined groups has implication in several areas of research. The synonymy includes earlier combinations that elevated the rank through subtribe, tribe then subfamily. The taxon Triaenopini Benda & Vallo, 2009 was also reduced to a synonym for this family by the authors of the 2014 revision that elevated this taxon. The hipposiderid and rhinolophid bats are of especial interest to research into potential
1208236
La Gomera giant lizard


to be controlled. In his scientific description, the German zoologist R. Hutterer referred the subfossil remains from La Gomera to two subspecies of "Gallotia simonyi" with the differences being size related. He named these "Gallotia simonyi bravoana" and "Gallotia simonyi gomerana". Bischoff (1998) synonymized them to a single taxon. Barbadillo "et al." (1999) decided for "bravoana" when they elevated the taxon to species rank. Nogales "et al." (2001) concurred as regards species status,
14733429
Orange-spotted trevally


a /j/ sound; Forsskål used this technique to name a number of Red Sea fish species. Forsskål at first gave the new taxon subspecies status as "Scomber ferdau bajad", relating it to the mackerels, and especially "Scomber ferdau", which would later also be transferred to "Carangoides". The taxon was later given a species rank, becoming "Scomber bajad", then "Caranx bajad", before being transferred to its current position as "Carangoides bajad". The species was also independently renamed three times
15301652
Drosera subg. Lasiocephala


monograph of the family and recognizing this taxon as a series under section "Rossolis". In 1996, taxonomist Jan Schlauer argued for the recognition of this taxon at the rank of subgenus, noting that these closely related species share many affinities with subgenus "Drosera" but are different enough to warrant subgeneric status. All species in this subgenus are native to northern Australia except for "D. petiolaris", which is more widely distributed to as far as New Guinea. The plants in this subgenus or "petiolaris"-complex mostly look like variations
19625002
Synonym (taxonomy)


Given that the correct name of a taxon depends on the taxonomic viewpoint used (resulting in a particular circumscription, position and rank) a name that is one taxonomist's synonym may be another taxonomist's correct name (and "vice versa"). Synonyms may arise whenever the same taxon is described and named more than once, independently. They may also arise when existing taxa are changed, as when two taxa are joined to become one, a species is moved to a different genus, a variety is moved to a
3098366
Name-bearing type


for example, the Central American rodent tribe Nyctomyini has "Nyctomys" as its type genus and its name consists of the stem of the type genus, Nyctomy-, and the appropriate ending for a tribe, -ini. "Genus group" ranks consist of the genus and subgenus. The name-bearing type for a genus-group taxon is the type species, which must be one of the species included when that taxon ("genus" hereafter for brevity) was first formally named or, when no species were included when
5809723
Botanical name


names may also have an extra component, bringing a maximum of four parts: A botanical name in three parts, i.e., an infraspecific name (a name for a taxon below the rank of species) needs a "connecting term" to indicate rank. In the "Calystegia" example above, this is "subsp.", for subspecies. In botany there are many ranks below that of species (in zoology there is only one such rank, subspecies, so that this "connecting term" is not used in
6449289
Armenoceratidae


is narrower than in "Armenoceras". "Monocyrtoceras" has a siphuncle like that of "Elrodoceras", but the entire shell is gently and evenly curved. "Megadiscosorus" is similar to "Armenoceras", but more breviconic and slightly exogastrically cyrtoconic and with the siphuncle in contact with the ventral wall. The Armenoceratidae most likely gave rise through "Armenoceras" to "Gonioceras" in the Chazyan, and later in the Middle Ordovician, possibly through either an early "Armenoceras" or "Nybyoceras" to "Actinoceras"
18394007
Hoeloceras


1964) who first recognized it in Ordovician sediments near Oslo, Norway, and included it in the Actinocerida. Teichert (1964) identified "Hoeloceras" as a synonym of "Lambeoceras", as the acutely angled dorso-ventral seam suggests. Flower (1968) referred to "Hoeloceras" as a "flatfish", in common with "Lambeoceras" and "Gonioceras", but reassigned it to the Reudemannoceratidae (Discosorida) noting that neither (siphuncular) annuli or parispatium - diagnostic of the Actinocerida - had been observed
3843864
Lambeoceras


and "Kochoceras" in the Lander Sandstone in Wyoming, and with "Armenoceras". "Actinoceras", and "Selkirkoceras" in the overlying dolomite – all of Red River age, marking the transition between the Middle and Upper Ordovician. "Lambeoceras" is also found with "Actinoceras" in the Dog Head member of the Red River Series in Manitoba and with "Actinoceras" and "Kochoceras" in the Mt. Silliman beds on Baffin Island. While the earlier "Gonioceras" no doubt rested on the sea floor in
4957466
Class (biology)


In biological classification, class () is a taxonomic rank, as well as a taxonomic unit, a taxon, in that rank. Other well-known ranks in descending order of size are life, domain, kingdom, phylum, order, family, genus, and species, with class fitting between phylum and order. The class as a distinct rank of biological classification having its own distinctive name (and not just called a "top-level genus" "(genus summum)") was first introduced by the
15757221
Polistes versicolor


as they compete over the shared resources of nourishment, such as protein. Unequal nourishment is often what leads to the size differences that result in dominant-subordinate position rankings. As egg-layers tend to receive more protein than those who are not egg-layers, as is the general pattern, the dominant-subordinate context in the yellow paper wasps is directly related to the exchange of food. Therefore, if during the winter aggregate, the female is able to obtain greater access to food, the female could thus reach
3641513
Dominance hierarchy


in the species "Polistes instabilis", where the next queen is selected based on age rather than size."Polistes exclamans" also exhibits this type of hierarchy. Within the dominance hierarchies of the "Polistes versicolor", however, the dominant-subordinate context in the yellow paper wasps is directly related to the exchange of food. Future foundresses within the nest compete over the shared resources of nourishment, such as protein. Unequal nourishment is often what leads to the size differences that result in dominant-subordinate position rankings. Therefore
5710097
Flight officer


. Flight officer was a United States Army Air Forces rank used during World War II, from 1942 to 1945; the rank being created on Sep 10, 1942 On 5 November 1942 military glider pilots were commissioned flight officers after the completion of their training. The new rank insignia was nicknamed "the blue pickle". The rank is equivalent to Warrant Officer Junior Grade (WOJG) which is today's Warrant Officer (NATO grade: W-1). Enlisted and aviation cadet trainees who successfully passed air qualification training were appointed as
18437829