Leonhard Seppala [SEP] participant of
Leonhard Seppala


Leonhard "Sepp" Seppala (September 14, 1877 – January 28, 1967) was a Norwegian Sled dog musher who played a pivotal role in the 1925 serum run to Nome and participated in the 1932 Winter Olympics. Seppala introduced the work dogs used by Native Siberians at the time to the American public; the breed came to be known as the Siberian Husky in the English-speaking world. The Leonhard Seppala Humanitarian Award, which honors excellence in sled dog care is named in honour of him. Leonhard Seppala was born
21006536
Dorothy G. Page


the 1908 to 1918 All-Alaska Sweepstakes (AAS) of Nome. The official name of the event was the Iditarod Trail Seppala Memorial Race, after the three-time Sweepstakes champion Leonhard Seppala. While Seppala was most famous for participating in the 1925 serum run which saved the city of Nome from a diphtheria epidemic, according to Page "Seppala was picked to represent all mushers... but it could just as easily have been named after Scotty Allan" (the founder of the AAS). In 1968 the race was canceled
21258683
1925 serum run to Nome


, Bill McCarty, Charlie Evans, Edgar Nollner, Harry Pitka, and Henry Ivanoff have also been honored. The 2005 Iditarod honored Jirdes Winther Baxter, the last known survivor of the epidemic. The position is now known as Leonhard Seppala's Honorary Musher, the Leonhard Seppala Humanitarian Award is given to the musher who provides the best dog care while still remaining competitive, and the Leonhard Seppala Heritage Grant is an Iditarod scholarship. The two races follow the same route from Ruby to Nome. A reenactment of the serum run was
3156862
Joe Redington


named the Iditarod Trail Seppala Memorial Race, after the three-time champion Leonhard Seppala. The 1968 race was canceled due to lack of snow, and with a purse of just $1,000, only 12 mushers participated in the second event in 1969. While initially a success, enthusiasm had waned. Redington wanted to expand the race, from Knik to the historic gold rush town of Iditarod, but changed the end-point to the more-recognizable Nome, more than 1,000 miles (1,600 km) away. In 1969
21183338
1925 serum run to Nome


snowmobiles spread in the 1960s. Mushing was revitalized as a recreational sport in the 1970s with the immense popularity of the Iditarod Trail Sled Dog Race. While the Iditarod Trail Sled Dog Race, which runs more than from Anchorage to Nome is actually based on the All-Alaska Sweepstakes, it has many traditions that commemorate the race to deliver the serum to Nome, especially Seppala and Togo. The honorary musher for the first seven races was Leonhard Seppala. Other serum run participants, including "Wild Bill" Shannon, Edgar Kalland
3156861
Togo (film)


run to Nome focusing on the sled dog Togo and his owner Leonhard Seppala. The screenplay was set to be written by Tom Flynn and the production was to be overseen by Jessica Virtue and Louie Provost for Disney. On May 16, 2018, it was announced that Ericson Core would direct the film, that Kim Zubick would serve as a producer, and that the film would debut on Disney's then-unnamed upcoming streaming service. Additionally, it was further announced that Willem Dafoe would star in the film as Leonhard Seppala
21330433
Leonhard Seppala


mushers were added to the relay. However, it was too late to inform Seppala that he would be meeting the relay closer to Nome than had originally been planned. After 3 days and , he came in sight of another relay musher, Henry Ivanoff—but did not realise it. Seppala saw the musher stopped on the trail and having trouble with his dogs, but did not intend to stop and be delayed. Ivanoff had to run after Seppala as he raced past, shouting, "The serum! The serum!
21006549
Iditarod Trail Sled Dog Race


Memorial Race in honor of Leonhard Seppala. However, this criticism is inconsistent with the fact that Leonhard Seppala was one of the primary mushers who delivered serum in 1925 (see above). Animal protection activists also say that the Iditarod is dog abuse. For example, dogs have died and been injured during the race. The practice of tethering dogs on chains, which is commonly used by mushers in their kennels, at checkpoints and dog drops, is also criticized. People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals spokesperson Jennifer O'Connor says
9606227
Leonhard Seppala


race against the bigger, slower dogs driven by Walden and his followers. The enthusiasm for sled dog racing in New England together with the Serum Run publicity and the victory over Walden made it possible for Seppala and partner Elizabeth Ricker to establish a Siberian kennel at Poland Spring, Maine. This was the start of the spread of the Siberian Husky breed in the United States and Canada. In 1928, Seppala moved his permanent home to near Fairbanks, Alaska. In 1931 the Seppala–Ricker partnership ended. Sled dog racing was
21006555
Leonhard Seppala


Seppala made the decision to compete in his first race, the 1914 All Alaska Sweepstakes, at the last minute. Neither he nor his canine freight leader, Suggen, knew the dangerous trail, and when a blizzard suddenly descended on the area during the race, Seppala realized his young dogs had lost the trail and they were all at great risk of death due to the nearby drop-off to the Bering Sea. Indeed, when the whiteout conditions suddenly lifted, Seppala found that he and his team were at the bottom
21006541
Seppala Siberian Sleddog


, innate sleddog mentality is a primary characteristic of Seppälä dogs. Their nature is highly cooperative. They show great seriousness in their work in harness. Bred by the legendary dog driver Leonhard Seppala from dogs imported into Alaska from eastern Siberia, the Seppala Siberians became famous in Alaska for their domination of the All-Alaska Sweepstakes distance race in the period from 1914 to 1917. Later they became popular in New England when Seppala raced there and ran a kennel in Poland Spring, Maine. In 1939 the last Siberia imports, along
692020
Leonhard Seppala


the middle of the coldest winter in 20 years was by dog sled. A relay of respected mushers was organized to expedite the delivery, and Seppala (with lead dog Togo) was chosen for the most forbidding part of the trail. The serum would be taken by train to Nenana, and from there relay teams would set out from Nome and Nenana, and meet in the middle at Nulato. The whole trail was 674 miles from Nenana to Nome, and Seppala was initially selected to cover the more than 400 miles from
21006545
Leonhard Seppala


in the village of Skibotn in Storfjord municipality, Troms county, Norway. He was the oldest-born child of father Isak Isaksson Seppälä (of Swedish descent) and Anne Henriksdatter (of Finnish Norwegian Kven descent). His father's family name is of Finnish origin. When Seppala was two years old, his family moved within Troms county to nearby Skjervøy municipality on the island of Skjervøya. While in Skjervøy, his father worked as a blacksmith and fisherman, building up a relatively large estate. Seppala initially followed in his
21006537
Leonhard Seppala


of the sled gliding along the snow. While most drivers considered a long run, Seppala travelled between and most days. This also meant he worked as long as 12 hours a day. He kept his dogs in form during the summer by having them pull a cart on wheels instead of a sled. It was unusual at that time to keep sled dogs working when the snow thawed, or to spend as much time with them as he did. In 1913, Seppala inherited his first team of sled dogs by chance.
21006539
Leonhard Seppala


nurse them back to health for most the remainder of that year; they would not be ready to train again until Autumn. Seppala's racing career took off the following year, at the 1915 All Alaska Sweepstakes. After a close competition between him and experienced musher Scotty Allan, Seppala defeated him on the fourth day of the race and finished two hours ahead of Allan to win the Sweepstakes. He went on to win the race the following two years, as well, at which point the All Alaska Sweepstakes was suspended until
21006543
Leonhard Seppala


1983. A diphtheria outbreak struck Seppala's town of Nome, Alaska in the winter of 1925. Previously unexposed children as well as adults were at risk of dying from the infection. Seppala's only child—an eight-year-old daughter named Sigrid—was also at risk. The only treatment available in 1925 was diphtheria antitoxin serum. However, the town's supply was not only insufficient but also of presumably low efficacy, being past its expiry date. The only practical way to deliver more serum to Nome in
21006544
Leonhard Seppala


I have it here!". When the serum passed to Seppala, night was falling and a powerful low-pressure system was moving towards the trail from the Gulf of Alaska. Seppala had to decide whether to risk Norton Sound in high winds in the dark, when he could not see or hear potential warning signs from the ice. However, as going around the ice meant slowing the delivery of the serum by a full day, he chose to go across. While he raced to the roadhouse at Isaac's Point
21006550
Leonhard Seppala


Race of Mercy", is commemorated annually with the Iditarod Trail Sled Dog Race. After the Serum Run, Seppala and some 40 of his dogs toured the "lower 48" with an Eskimo handler. His tour ended in January 1927 with the dogsled race at Poland Spring, Maine, where he accepted the challenge to race against Arthur Walden, founder of the New England Sled Dog Club and owner of the famous lead dog "Chinook." Despite a series of time-consuming mishaps on the trail, Seppala won the
21006554
Seppala Siberian Sleddog


in Maniwaki, Quebec, closed without a successor kennel and by 1969 the unique Leonhard Seppala strain faced extinction. It was primarily saved by the timely action of two breeders: Markovo Kennels in Canada and Seppineau Kennels in the United States. The bloodline was then carried forward and developed as a serious mid-distance racing sleddog by Douglas W. Willett of Sepp-Alta Kennels in the state of Utah. The pure, original Seppala bloodlines are rare but found in small numbers in several Canadian provinces, the main population now occurring in
692022
Gunnar Kaasen


's defenders believed he made the right choice: Rohn had no experience mushing in stormy weather. The most prominent critic was Togo's owner Leonhard Seppala, who drove the longest leg of the relay. Seppala was particularly upset when Balto, primarily a freight dog, a second string dog, and not a speedy racer, became the canine hero of the event. When choosing his team, Seppala had deliberately passed over the black husky in favor of Togo, a champion racer. The modern Iditarod Trail Sled Dog Race, which
17455738
Leonhard Seppala


father's footsteps as both a blacksmith and a fisherman. However, he emigrated to Alaska during the Nome gold rush of the 1900s. His friend Jafet Lindeberg had returned from Alaska and convinced Seppala to come to work for his mining company in Nome. During his first winter in Alaska, Seppala became a dogsled driver for Lindeberg's company. He enjoyed the task from his first run, which he recalled clearly for the rest of his life. He expressed pleasure in the rhythmic patter of the dogs' feet and the feeling
21006538
Leonhard Seppala


Lindeberg, his friend and supervisor at Pioneer Mining Company, had brought the puppies from Siberia as a gift for the explorer Roald Amundsen, whom he hoped would use them for his upcoming expedition to the North Pole. Seppala was assigned to train the dogs. "I literally fell in love with them from the start", he recalled; "I could hardly wait for sledding snow to start their training". When Amundsen cancelled his trip a few weeks after the puppies arrived in Nome, Lindeberg gave them to Seppala.
21006540
Leonhard Seppala


across the Sound several times in his career; a less-experienced musher was likelier to lose not only his life and the lives of his dogs, but also the urgently needed serum. Seppala would cross the sound each way in the race to deliver the serum. Seppala set out from Nome on January 28—several days before he was due to meet the relay coming to Nulato. He crossed Norton Sound without incident. Meanwhile, the number of diphtheria cases in Nome continued to climb. To hasten delivery of the serum, additional
21006548
Leonhard Seppala


a demonstration event at the Lake Placid Winter Olympic Games in 1932, where Seppala earned a silver in the event. In 1946, he and his wife Constance moved to Seattle, Washington. In 1961 Seppala revisited Fairbanks and other places in Alaska at the invitation of American journalist Lowell Thomas, enjoying a warm reception from the Alaskan people. He and his wife lived in Seattle until his death at the age of eighty nine. His wife Constance died a few years later aged eighty-five, survived by their daughter, Sigrid
21006556
Leonhard Seppala


Nome to Nulato and back. Seppala's section of trail featured a dangerous shortcut across Norton Sound, which could save the serum a day of travel. It was decided that he was the most qualified of the relay mushers to attempt this shortcut. The ice on Norton Sound was in constant motion due to currents from the sea and the incessant wind. It could range from rough hills of smashed-together ice, to slippery "glare ice" polished by the wind, where it was difficult for the dogs to get a
21006546
Leonhard Seppala


here was exposed and the steep grade grueling for the dogs, who were sleep-deprived and had already raced over the previous 4.5 days. However, at 3 P.M. that day, Seppala and his team arrived at Golovin and handed over the serum to the next musher. The serum was now only from Nome. Indeed, it arrived there the next day, Monday, February 2, at approximately 5:30 A.M., and was thawed and ready for use by 11 am. This emergency delivery, also known as the "Great
21006553
Balto


Kaasen made it to the final stop, so Kaasen decided to continue on. At Nome, everybody wanted to thank Kaasen at first, but he suggested giving praise to Balto as well. Togo was the star dog for Leonhard Seppala even before the great 1925 Serum Run. Instead of celebrating the triumph together as one huge team, many became jealous of the publicity Balto received, especially from President Calvin Coolidge and the press. Seppala favored Togo, but the general public loved the story behind Balto, and so they would take
10024473
Davidson Ditch


examining it for leaks and problems. In the winter, it was patrolled by dog team. Famed musher Leonhard Seppala was employed in this capacity by FE Co. and was named the chief watchman of the ditch. Seppala had telephone lines laid between watch cabins stationed every along the route. These allowed for quick repairs in the event of damage or for quick reaction if the water level became too high. The same year that the ditch went online, three dredges were in operation just north of Fairbanks. In 1929, two more
11667878
Jafet Lindeberg


Lindeberg modestly said that he didn't see much resemblance between himself and Wayne's character in "The Spoilers". Lindeberg sold out his share in the Pioneer Mining Company to Wendell P. Hammon (1854-1938) in the 1920s. During a subsequent visit to Norway, Lindeberg convinced his old friend Leonhard Seppala to come work for him in America. Seppala later became a renowned musher, a hero of the 1925 serum run to Nome, and the foremost breeder of Siberian Husky of his time. Lindeberg was married to Josephine
16682412
Leonhard Seppala


of a hill, racing towards the cliffs along the sea. Fortunately, he succeeded in stopping 20 feet from the drop-off, saving all their lives. However, many of his dogs' paw pads had been shredded and claws broken by the ice-encrusted snow as they clawed their way back to the top of the hill. A few also suffered frostbite. Seppala felt he had abused the dogs' loyalty by putting them in danger of death and injury, and withdrew from the race in shame. He would
21006542
Leonhard Seppala


foothold to pull the sled. Small cracks in the ice could also suddenly widen, and driver and team could be plunged into the freezing water. If the wind blew from the east, it could reach speeds as high as , flipping over sleds, pushing dogs off-course, and causing a windchill as low as . A sustained east wind could also push the ice out to sea, and a team suddenly caught on a drifting floe could find itself stranded on open water. Seppala had been forced to take the shortcut
21006547
Leonhard Seppala


on the opposite shore, gale-force winds dropped the windchill to an estimated . When he arrived there at 8 pm, his dogs were exhausted; they had run that day, much of it against the wind and in brutal cold. However, they could only afford a short rest, and set out again at 2 am. The next day, the gale had intensified into a severe blizzard, with blinding snow and winds of at least . Seppala continued the trail across Norton Sound. This meant avoiding rocky cliffs along
21006551
Leonhard Seppala


the shore, but it also exposed him and his team to the dangers of the Sound. Conditions on the ice were perilous, with sudden soft spots in the ice underfoot, or outright open water only a few feet away. Only a few hours after they had crossed it, the ice had broken up altogether and drifted out to sea. With Norton Sound behind them, Seppala and his team now faced the final challenge of the trail—climbing an ridge formation that led to the summit of Little McKinley. The trail
21006552
Iditarod Trail Sled Dog Race


a portion of the trail. The first race, known as the Iditarod Trail Seppala Memorial Race in honor of Leonhard Seppala, was held in 1967. The purse of US$25,000 attracted a field of 58 racers, and the winner was Isaac Okleasik. The next race, in 1968, was canceled for lack of snow, and 1969's small $1,000 purse only drew in 12 mushers. Redington along with two school teachers, Gleo Huyck and Tom Johnson, was the impetus behind extending the race more than along the historic
9606179
Leonie von Meusebach–Zesch


even able to make it to the nearest roadhouse. Meusebach–Zesch had begun to believe they might die. Leonhard Seppala, known for winning multiple-year dog sled races, and for participating in the 1925 serum run to Nome, had been alerted about the women's hazardous trek. He hired a caterpillar tractor to search for them, rescuing the women on March 31, 1928. In 1930, Meusebach–Zesch returned to California. In 1931 she accompanied her mother to Texas for her mother's recuperation from an illness
16821450
Siberian Husky


Sweepstakes," a 408-mile (657-km) distance dog sled race from Nome, to Candle, and back. Smaller, faster and more enduring than the 100- to 120-pound (45- to 54-kg) freighting dogs then in general use, they immediately dominated the Nome Sweepstakes. Leonhard Seppala, the foremost breeder of Siberian Huskies of the time, participated in competitions from 1909 to the mid-1920s. On February 3, 1925, Gunnar Kaasen was first in the 1925 serum run to Nome to deliver diphtheria serum from Nenana, over 600 miles
8790293
Olaf Swenson


at least two long treks. He wrote about selecting dogs for enthusiasm and stamina and about the characteristics of a good lead dog. It is not clear whether Swenson's favorite lead dog Billkoff ever reached the United States. There were Siberian sled dogs in Alaska since 1908 and the early importers are known. Swenson imported Chukchi dogs for Leonhard Seppala in 1927 and for Seppala's collaborator Elizabeth (Peg) Ricker in 1930. These dogs are believed to have been the last Siberian sled dogs exported for many years. The Ricker dogs
18082496
Togo (dog)


Togo (October 17, 1913 – December 5, 1929) was the lead sled dog of Leonhard Seppala and his dog sled team in the 1925 serum run to Nome across central and northern Alaska. Togo was one of the offspring of Seppala's former lead dog, "Suggen". He was named after the Japanese admiral Tōgō Heihachirō. Initially, he did not look like he had potential as a sled dog. He only grew to about 48 pounds (22 kg) in adulthood, which was small compared to typical
20103715
Sled dog


the 1925 serum run to Nome across central and northern Alaska. Balto was the lead dog of the sled dog team that carried the diphtheria serum on the last leg of the relay to Nome during the 1925 diphtheria epidemic. He was driven by musher Gunnar Kaasen, who worked for Leonhard Seppala. Seppala had also bred Balto. In 1925, 10 months after Balto completed his run, a bronze statue was erected in his honour in Central Park near the Tisch Children's Zoo. The statue was sculpted by Frederick George Richard Roth
691740
Siberian Husky


to Nome. This was a group effort by several sled-dog teams and mushers, with the longest (91 miles or 146 km) and most dangerous segment of the run covered by Leonhard Seppala. The event is also loosely depicted in the 1995 animated film "Balto", as the name of Gunnar Kaasen's lead dog in his sled team was Balto, although unlike the real dog, Balto the character was portrayed as half wolf in the film. In honor of this lead dog, a bronze statue was erected
8790294
Balto


to Nenana, where the first musher embarked as part of a relay aimed at delivering the serum to Nome. More than 20 mushers took part, facing a blizzard with -23 °F (−31 °C) temperatures and strong winds. News coverage of the event was worldwide. On February 2, 1925, the Norwegian Gunnar Kaasen drove his team, led by Balto, into Nome. The longest and most hazardous stretch of the run was actually covered by another Norwegian, Leonhard Seppala, and his dog team, led by
10024471
1925 serum run to Nome


depleted. According to a reporter living in Nome, "All hope is in the dogs and their heroic drivers... Nome appears to be a deserted city." With the report of Gonangnan's progress on January 31, Welch believed the serum would arrive there in February. Leonhard Seppala and his dog sled team, with his lead dog Togo, traveled from Nome from January 27 to January 31 into the oncoming storm. They took the shortcut across the Norton Sound, and headed toward Shaktoolik. The temperature in Nome was a
3156843
Skibotn


. Skibotn is known for its dry climate with frequent clear skies in the Skibotn valley, and the calcareous pine forests, with rare orchids. Due to the climate with few clouds, there is an astrophysical observatory located in Skibotn. The well known Sami writer Nils-Aslak Valkeapää lived in Skibotn for a significant part of his life. Leonhard Seppala, the dog sled racing legend, was born in Skibotn. Astrid Båhl, who designed the first official Sámi flag (based on an unofficial flag by Synnøve Persen), also
4143131
Nome, Alaska


part in transporting diphtheria serum through harsh conditions. In 1973, Nome became the ending point of the 1,049+ mi (1,600+ km) Iditarod Trail Sled Dog Race. The latter part of its route was used in the serum run. The sled driver of the final leg of the relay was the Norwegian-born Gunnar Kaasen; his lead sled dog was Balto. A statue of Balto by F.G. Roth stands near the zoo in Central Park, New York City. Leonhard Seppala ran the penultimate, and longest, leg
15459251
1925 serum run to Nome


In all, Kaasen and Balto ran a total of . Kaasen maintained that he decided to continue since there were no lights on in the cabin where Rohn was sleeping and he didn't want to waste time, but many thought his decision to not wake Rohn was motivated by a desire to grab the glory for himself and Balto. According to Leonhard Seppala, Togo's musher, Balto was a scrub freight dog that he left behind when he set out on the trip. He also asserted that Kaasen's lead dog was actually
3156867
Siberian Husky


for Animals currently has the Siberian Husky ranked 155th out of a possible 160 breeds at risk for hip dysplasia, with only two percent of tested Siberian Huskies showing dysplasia. Siberian Huskies used for sled racing may also be prone to other ailments, such as gastric disease, bronchitis or bronchopulmonary ailments ("ski asthma"), and gastric erosions or ulcerations. Modern Siberian Huskies registered in the US are largely the descendants of the 1930 Siberia imports and of Leonhard Seppala’s dogs, particularly Togo. The limited number of registered foundational
8790290
Siberian Husky


popularity with the story of the "Great Race of Mercy," the 1925 serum run to Nome, featuring Balto and Togo. Although Balto is considered the more famous, being the dog that delivered the serum to Nome after running the final 53-mile leg, it was Togo who made the longest run of the relay, guiding his musher Leonhard Seppala on a 91-mile journey that included crossing the deadly Norton Sound to Golovin. In 1960, the US Army undertook a project to construct an under the ice facility for defense and space
8790298
Rick Swenson


Sportsmanship awards in 1983 and 1996, and the Leonhard Seppala Humanitarian award for dog care twice, in 1992 and 2004. The most controversial finish in the history of the Iditarod is his 1978 loss to Dick Mackey. Swenson believed he had won—he personally crossed the finish line before Mackey. But Mackey had more dogs and a longer harness, and the nose of his lead dog crossed the finish line in 14 days, 18 hours, 52 minutes, and 24 seconds, one second ahead of the nose of Swenson's
8868166
2005 Iditarod


the Norton Sound on the way to Koyuk may reach 40 mi/h (65 km/h). This is the stretched covered by Leonhard Seppala and his lead dog Togo during the 1925 serum run. Teams may press through to Koyuk to catch Sørlie. Koyuk: Sørlie arrived first on March 14 at 5:57 pm, and was the first to depart three minutes later. The top 10 departed within hours, and the top 30 spread out 38 hours. Elim: Sørlie arrived first on March 15 at 1:17 am,
19279626
Paws (Northeastern)


. Introduced at a time when Northeastern did not have a live mascot, Paws is today joined by King Husky VIII. King Husky, also known as Husky I or Husky the First, was born March 17, 1926 and came to Northeastern on March 4, 1927 after a committee was formed to choose a mascot for the University. Then-Vice-President Carl Ell chose a Siberian husky pup from legendary dog sled racer Leonhard Seppala and King Husky was introduced to the student body by Frank Speare during a day-long
2403794
1925 serum run to Nome


24 meeting of the board of health, superintendent Mark Summers of the Hammon Consolidated Gold Fields proposed a dogsled relay using two fast teams. One would start at Nenana and the other at Nome, and they would meet at Nulato. The trip from Nulato to Nome normally took 30 days, although the record was nine. Welch calculated that the serum would only last six days under the brutal conditions of the trail. Summers' employee, the Norwegian Leonhard Seppala, was chosen for the 630-mile (1,014 km) round trip from
3156825
Sled dog


(WCh) in Saint Moritz, Switzerland in 1990 with classes in only Sled Sprint (10-Dog, 8-Dog, and 6-Dog) and Skidog Pulka for men and women. 113 competitors arrived in the starting chutes to mark the momentous occasion. At first World Championships were held each year, but after the 1995 events, it was decided to hold them every two years, which facilitated the bidding process and enabled the host organization more time for preparation. Togo was the lead sled dog of Leonhard Seppala and his dog sled team in
691739
Aliy Zirkle


, the Copper Basin 300, and the Yukon Quest 300. Aliy has received various awards throughout her mushing career, some of which were awarded to her by her fellow mushers. These awards include the Yukon Quest Challenge of the North award, given to the musher who "most exemplifies the spirit of the Yukon Quest, a spirit that compels one to challenge the country and win", and the Iditarod Leonhard Seppala Humanitarian Award for exemplary care of her dogs. Aliy met fellow musher Allen Moore in 1998 and the two were
8033272
Iditarod Trail Sled Dog Race


competition was the tremendously popular 1908 All-Alaska Sweepstakes (AAS), which was started by Allan "Scotty" Alexander Allan, and ran from Nome to Candle and back. The event introduced the first Siberian huskies to Alaska in 1910, where they quickly became the favored racing dog, replacing the Alaskan malamute and mongrels bred from imported huskies and other large breeds, like setters and pointers. In 1914, the Norwegian immigrant Leonhard Seppala first appeared, and went on to win the race in 1915, 1916, and 1917
9606174
Leonie von Meusebach–Zesch


, she traveled by dog sled to hold mobile dental clinics for both Inuit and non-indigenous patients. She crawled on her abdomen across thin ice to save sled dogs from drowning. She and her assistant were stranded on one occasion, and were rescued by champion dog racer Leonhard Seppala. Leonie von Meusebach–Zesch was the eldest of two daughters born to Elizabeth and Leo Zesch. She was born November 27, 1882 in Mason County, Texas, and her sister Leota was born in Loyal Valley on June 9, 1886
16821424
Iditarod Trail Sled Dog Race


Norwegian Gunnar Kaasen and his lead dog Balto arrived on Front Street in Nome on February 2 at 5:30 a.m., just five and a half days later. The two became media celebrities, and a statue of Balto was erected in Central Park in New York City in 1925, where it has become one of the most popular tourist attractions. However, most mushers consider Leonhard Seppala and his lead dog Togo to be the true heroes of the run. Together they covered the most hazardous stretch of the route, and carried the serum
9606177
Seppala Siberian Sleddog


with several of Seppala’s dogs, became the breed foundation for the “Siberian Huskie” in Canada. The Canadian Seppala Kennels of Harry R. Wheeler in St. Jovite Station, Quebec, developed and bred Seppala Siberians until 1950 in genetic isolation from the developing Siberian Husky breed in the United States, which gradually became oriented more and more toward conformation dog shows. A succession of Seppala breeders kept the strain alive through the 1950s and 1960s. In 1963, the third Seppala Kennels, run by C. S. MacLean and J. D. McFaul
692021
Togo (dog)


slept, unnoticed, near the cabin where Seppala was spending the night. The next day, Seppala spotted him far off in the distance, and understood why his dogs had been so keyed up. Togo continued to make Seppala's work difficult, trying to play with the work dogs and leading them in "charges against reindeer", pulling them off the trail. Seppala had no choice but to put him in a harness to control him, and was surprised that Togo instantly settled down. As the run wore on,
20103719
1925 serum run to Nome


the relay and authorized additional drivers for Seppala's leg of the relay, so they could travel without rest. Seppala was still scheduled to cover the most dangerous leg, the shortcut across Norton Sound, but the telephone and telegraph systems bypassed the small villages he was passing through, and there was no way to tell him to wait at Shaktoolik. The plan relied on the driver from the north catching Seppala on the trail. Summers arranged for drivers along the last leg, including Seppala's colleague Gunnar Kaasen. From Manley Hot
3156839
Seppala Siberian Sleddog


Manitoba where the parent kennel relocated in 2008. The Seppala Siberian Sleddog Project that was started in 1993 by the protagonists of the Markovo rescue effort won Agriculture Canada’s recognition for Seppalas in July 1997. The fourth historic Seppala Kennels in the Yukon Territory carried the breeding forward. In July 2002, Doug Willett undertook a similar breed initiative through the Continental Kennel Club’s registry in the United States. At present two disparate populations use the same breed name: the original Agriculture Canada recognised population in Canada, identified by the Working Canine
692023
SEP-IRA


deducted from the net profit. The result is then multiplied by 20% to arrive at the maximum SEP deduction, $9,293. SEP contributions and earnings are held in SEP-IRAs and can be withdrawn at any time, subject to the general limitations imposed on Traditional IRA. A withdrawal is taxable in the year received. If a participant makes a withdrawal before age 59½, generally a 10% additional tax applies. SEP contributions and earnings may be rolled over tax-free to other Individual retirement account and retirement plans.
13754349
Air Malawi


(2012) Limited, as a step towards selection of a competent strategic equity partner (SEP) to acquire new shares in Air Malawi through a recapitalisation scheme, said PC chief executive officer Jimmy Lipunga. He said to sustain the country's Bilateral Air Services Agreements, the level of participation within the SEP should bring the participation of Malawian nationals, both with the SEP and government shareholding, to 51 per cent. For this purpose, the new company would exclude its existing wholly owned subsidiaries, Air Cargo Limited and Lilongwe Handling
12767754
Togo (dog)


achievements'". In October 1926, Seppala, Togo, and a team of dogs went on a tour from Seattle, Washington to California; Seppala and Togo drew large crowds at stadiums and department stores, and even appeared in a Lucky Strike cigarette campaign. In New York City, Seppala drove his team from the steps of City Hall along Fifth Avenue and made a pass through Central Park. The team appeared multiple times at Madison Square Garden, which was being managed by Tom Rickard, formerly of Nome, and where
20103727
Seppala Siberian Sleddog


A rare working dog breed, the Seppala Siberian Sleddog is developed for the purpose of pulling a sled in cold country. It is a moderate-sized dog averaging 18 to 23 kg (40 to 50 pounds) weight and 56 to 58 cm (22 or 23 inches) height. Colours and markings are considered of little importance; eyes may be brown, blue or any combination of the two colours. Seppalas are active and energetic but very docile and trainable. Seppäläs show a primitive canine type, never having been bred
692013
Catherine Seppala


Catherine Seppala (1907 – July 4, 1975) was a politician in Ontario, Canada. She served as mayor of Fort William from 1959 to 1960, the first and only female mayor of the city before it became part of Thunder Bay. She was born in Fort William. She served on Fort William city council from 1953 to 1958.During her time as mayor, the Neebing River Conservation project was initiated and the Westmount Hospital was built. Also during Seppala's term as mayor, she pressured a local bookseller to remove "
19844269
Togo (dog)


to be a sled dog, Seppala gave him away to be a pet dog at 6 months of age. After only a few weeks as a house pet, Togo jumped through the glass of a closed window and ran several miles back to his original master's kennel. This devotion to the team impressed Seppala, so he did not try to give him away again. However, Togo continued to cause trouble by breaking out of the kennel when Seppala took the team out on runs. He would attack the lead dogs of
20103717
1925 serum run to Nome


1926, Seppala took Togo and his team on a tour from Seattle to California, and then across the Midwest to New England, and consistently drew huge crowds. They were featured at Madison Square Garden in New York City for 10 days, and Togo received a gold medal from Roald Amundsen. In New England Seppala's team of Siberian huskies ran in many races, easily defeating the local Chinooks. Seppala sold most of his team to a kennel in Poland Spring, Maine, and most huskies in the U.S. are descended from
3156858
Emile St. Godard


Godard would win the race four times, and Seppala twice. The duo also faced off in a variety of different races over the years, during which St. Godard won the majority of the races. Dogsledding was included as an exhibition sport for the only time at the 1932 Winter Olympics. There were twelve competitors from both the United States and Canada. St. Godard and Seppala would place first and second overall, with St. Godard taking the victory after winning both of the 50 mile races involved. Following his rivals victory, Seppala
4454587
School voucher


percentage of priority students in the student body. When SEP was started, it covered preschool to fourth grade, and an additional school-year of coverage was added each subsequent year. Almost every public school chose to participate in SEP in 2008, as well as almost two-thirds of private subsidized elementary schools. There were three important requirements attached to the program. The first requirement stipulated that participating schools could not charge fees to priority students, although private schools in the voucher system could do so for non-priority students
9682533
Unconscious bias training


, and overall mood improvement. In 2008, meditation was incorporated into unconscious bias training using Lovingkindness meditation (LKM), which "aims to self-regulate an affective state of unconditional kindness towards the self and others". Meditation studies follow the format of a pretest IAT, participation in a LKM program, and a posttest IAT. Hutcherson, Seppala, and Gross (2008) showed that a few minutes of LMK could create a sense of empathy and compassion for a neutral target, which inspired the idea to use meditation
17243681
World Qualification Series (2009)


18 - Aug 23" 30th Anniversary of the Lacanau Pro and good conditions this year. Surf, concerts, events scheduled. Check out the video for a summary of the event http://vimeo.com/6994555 "Aug 25 - Aug 30" "Sep 01 - Sep 06" "Sep 01 - Sep 06" "Sep 04 - Sep 06" "Sep 09 - Sep 12" "Sep 10 - Sep 13" "Sep 08 - Sep 13" "Sep 15 - Sep 20" "Sep 16 - Sep 22" "Sep
1986943
List of 1982–83 NBA season transactions


1982 Oct 2, 1982 Oct 1, 1982 Sep 30, 1982 Sep 29, 1982 Sep 28, 1982 Sep 27, 1982 Sep 24, 1982 Sep 22, 1982 Sep 20, 1982 Sep 19, 1982 Sep 18, 1982 Sep 17, 1982 Sep 15, 1982 Sep 14, 1982 Sep 13, 1982 Sep 10, 1982 Sep 9, 1982 Sep 7, 1982 Sep 2, 1982 Sep 1, 1982 Aug 31, 1982 Aug 27, 1982 Aug 26, 1982 Aug 16, 1982 Aug 8,
557049
Togo (dog)


Seppala kept moving Togo up the line until, at the end of the day, he was sharing the lead position with the lead dog (named "Russky"). Togo had logged 75 miles on his first day in harness, which was unheard of for an inexperienced young sled dog, especially a puppy. Seppala called him an "infant prodigy", and later added that "I had found a natural-born leader, something I had tried for years to breed" Togo began training, and after a few
20103720
Togo (dog)


years filled the lead dog position. He became one of Seppala's most treasured dogs, a close and mutually beneficial relationship that would continue to the end of Togo's life. At the time of the historic Serum Run, he was 12 years old and had been a lead dog for 7 years. According to the historian Earl Aversano, in 1960, in his old age, Seppala recalled "I never had a better dog than Togo. His stamina, loyalty and intelligence could not be improved upon. Togo was the
20103721
Togo (dog)


the run. Many mushers today consider Balto to be the back up dog, as Seppala's team led by Togo covered the longest and most hazardous leg. They made a round trip of 365 miles. Immediately after the relay, Togo and another dog on the team escaped to chase after reindeer, eventually returning to their kennel in Little Creek. Seppala was dismayed that the champion was neglected by the press, commenting "it was almost more than I could bear when the newspaper dog Balto received a statue for his 'glorious
20103726
1925 serum run to Nome


one of these dogs. Seppala visited Togo, until he was euthanised on December 5, 1929. After his death, Seppala had Togo preserved and mounted, and today the dog is on display in a glass case at the Iditarod museum in Wasilla, Alaska. None of the other mushers received the same degree of attention, though Wild Bill Shannon briefly toured with Blackie. The media largely ignored the Athabaskan and Alaska Native mushers, who covered two-thirds of the distance to Nome. According to Edgar Kalland, "it
3156859
Charles Leonhard


Arts and Doctor of Education). Many of Leonhard's teachers were former students of John Dewey, whose ideas influenced Leonhard throughout his career. During his doctoral program, Leonhard studied aesthetics with Susanne Langer. In 1953, as the music education profession was just beginning to rethink its philosophy, Leonhard published his article "Music Education—Aesthetic Education." In this article, Leonhard urged music educators to eschew the instrumental values of music education and to stress the aesthetic value of music. While a graduate student, Leonhard concurrently worked
21556985
International Pharmaceutical Students' Federation


The objective of the Student Exchange Grant is to allow pharmacy students with limited financial resources the opportunity to participate in the IPSF Student Exchange Programme. The SEP Grant may cover part of the travel expenses (bus, train or plane tickets) from the applicant’s home country to the country in which the exchange occurs and the SEP fee. The maximum monetary value of the grant may be 1000 Euro and if the actual costs incurred are less than the awarded grant, only the amount of the actual costs will be paid. The
19640711
Charles Leonhard


two children together. In 1958, Leonhard's essay on evaluation appeared in "Basic Concepts in Music Education." Along with his student, Robert House, Leonhard published "Foundations and Principles of Music Education" in 1959. In 1963, Leonhard and Richard Colwell initiated the "Bulletin of the Council for Research in Music Education." In 1964, Leonhard was a presenter at the Seminar on Comprehensive Musicianship. In the 1970s, Leonhard edited a series of books called "Contemporary Perspectives in Music Education". The series aimed
21556988
811th Cadet Squadron New Mexico Civil Air Patrol


The 811th Cadet Squadron is one of the few remaining School Enrichment Program (SEP) Cadet Squadrons in Civil Air Patrol. It acts as a regular squadron, yet has a partnership with an in school elective class that is offered to students at the middle school, who do not need to be members to participate. New Mexico SEP programs are funded from the New Mexico Department of Military Affairs to pay in class instructors to teach the elective leadership/aerospace courses across the state. The 811th is also the lead squadron in the
4690759
September 1941 lunar eclipse


A partial lunar eclipse took place on Friday, September 5, 1941. It was a shallow partial lunar eclipse, with less than 10% of the Moon covered in Earth's shadow. Aug 31, 1941 = Sunday Sep 1, 1941 = Monday Sep 2, 1941 = Tuesday Sep 3, 1941 = Wednesday Sep 4, 1941 = Thursday Sep 5, 1941 = Friday Sep 6, 1941 = Saturday Sep 7, 1941 = Sunday Sep 8, 1941 = Monday Sep 9, 1941 = Tuesday Sep 10, 1941
5363349
International Pharmaceutical Students' Federation


for the IPSF to establish new partnerships and sustain existing connections with various stakeholders, and to develop collaborative projects and programs. Student Exchange Programme (SEP) is IPSF's largest project, offering professional pharmacy internships. Every year, more than 900 students around the world are given the opportunity to experience the field of pharmacy in one of the 65 participating countries. The Student Exchange Programme therefore enables cultural exchange between pharmacy students around the world by sharing knowledge and experiences. The 74 member Organisations of IPSF involved in SEP organise the exchanges
19640701
One Rank, One Pension


and 85 Indian Military Academy; and officers from the 14 Army Education Course; and twenty five officers and their families came from Jaipur. The movement continues to gain momentum, and perceptible increase in support and participation by former high-ranking officers of the armed forces, from Lt generals, Admirals, air marshals, Group Captains, and Colonels. Old veterans included Sep Ram Kishan, 93 years, Armoured Corp veteran of World War II; Sep Ram Bharose Yadav, 85 years, a blind veteran of 72 Medium Artillery;
8649907
ImpressPages


, ImpressPages alpha was released. In 2011, ImpressPages participated at the business accelerator "Difference Engine" which led to an investment from a venture capital fund Practica Capital in 2013. 2009 Sep - ImpressPages alpha 2013 Oct - ImpressPages CMS 3.6 with Theme Marketplace 2013 Oct - ImpressPages CMS 3.7 2013 Nov - ImpressPages CMS 3.8 2013 Dec - ImpressPages CMS 3.9 2014 Apr - ImpressPages 4.0 2014 Jun - ImpressPages 4.1 with Plugin Marketplace 2014 Sep - ImpressPages 4.2 2014 Nov - ImpressPages 4.3 2014 Dec - ImpressPages 4.4 2015 Jan - ImpressPages 4.5 2015
16839368
Jim Leonhard


go to the play-offs again but lose the AFC Championship to the Pittsburgh Steelers. During a game against the Kansas City Chiefs on December 11, 2011, Leonhard landed awkwardly after catching an interception thrown by Tyler Palko. Leonhard was carried off the field by a medical cart. A few days later, an MRI revealed that there was a torn patellar tendon in his right knee. As a result, Leonhard was eliminated for the rest of the 2011 season. Leonhard played 13 games in 2011 making 48 tackles, 1
10686504
Jim Leonhard


interception, 6 passes defended, 1 forced fumble, and 1 fumble recovery. In August 2012, Leonhard agreed to a one-year deal with the Denver Broncos. During the 2012 season with the Broncos, Leonhard made 17 tackles, 2 interceptions, 3 passes defended, and 1 fumble recovery in 16 games (1 start). In April 2013, Leonhard signed a one-year deal with the New Orleans Saints. He was released before the season. Leonhard signed a contract with the Buffalo Bills in September 2013,
10686505
The Beeps


Sapphire Stream S2/Ep45 Apr. 29 Wash Those Socks! S2/Ep46 Dec. 12 The Bumps SEASON 3: S3/Ep1 Aug. 30 Up Down Hill S3/Ep2 Aug. 31 Caravan S3/Ep3 Sep. 6 Secret Garden S3/Ep4 Sep. 7 Bounceflower Tea S3/Ep5 Sep. 13 The Whale S3/Ep6 Sep. 14 Soggy Sockroaches S3/Ep7 Sep. 20 Stinkroots S3/Ep8 Sep. 21 Sing-a-long-a-beeps S3/Ep9 Sep. 27 History Book S3/Ep10 Sep. 28 What Goes Splat? S3
14688027
Signal Transfer Point


. SEPs send signaling messages to other SEPs, but the messages are normally routed via the SEP's adjacent STPs. An STP's main function is to identify the best path for two SEPs to communicate. A typical application would be for two SEPs to agree on the use of a shared data path (e.g., using ISUP to initiate a voice call between a user on one SEP and a user on the second SEP). In this way, STPs route signaling messages (for starting, maintaining or finishing any kind of
21819468
Signal Transfer Point


calls originated by the SEPs' attached users) while avoiding disabled intermediary STPs. A signaling message typically never goes directly from a given SEP to the destination SEP: the message would normally have to pass through the initiating SEP's adjacent STP so that it can be routed to the destination SEP. In some applications, however, SEPs might be directly connected with signaling links; this would typically be done to enhance robustness or performance between two critical SEPs. Such mesh network configurations are also common in Europe, where STPs have not
21819469
The Beeps


/Ep20 Sep. 19 Bouncy Bouncy Beep Beep S2/Ep21 Sep. 19 Big Beepday Bash S2/Ep22 Sep. 20 Yuk Says No S2/Ep23 Sep. 24 Wheely Helpful S2/Ep24 Sep. 25 Teeny Beep Takes Off S2/Ep25 Sep. 26 Carnival S2/Ep26 Sep. 27 Peas and Beeps S2/Ep27 Apr. 25 Stuck on You! S2/Ep28 Dec. 9 Hole Lot of Trouble S2/Ep29 Dec. 15 A Little Adventure S2/Ep30 Dec. 16 The Lost Houses S2/Ep31 May 1 Bounceberry Pie S2/Ep32 Dec. 23
14688025
Charles Leonhard


Charles Leonhard (December 8, 1915 - January 31, 2002) was an American music educator and academic. He was one of the first to argue for a focus upon aesthetic education within music education. For most of his career, he was a professor at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Born in Anadarko, Oklahoma, Leonhard was the son of Morris and Dora McRae Leonhard. He was educated at the University of Oklahoma (Bachelor of Music in piano) and Teachers College, Columbia University (Master of
21556984
Wolfgang Leonhard


its weekly newspaper "Free Germany", whose editor-in-chief was Rudolf Herrnstadt. Anton Ackermann, one of the leaders of the "National Committee", made Leonhard an announcer at the Committee's radio station, "Radio Free Germany". Leonhard was chosen as a member of one of the two groups of German communists who were the first to return to Germany as soon as the Red Army had reached German territory. Each group consisted of ten members. Leonhard was in the Ulbricht Group, led by Walter
10798284
Leonhard Euler


, read Euler, he is the master of us all." Leonhard Euler was born on 15 April 1707, in Basel, Switzerland, to Paul III Euler, a pastor of the Reformed Church, and Marguerite Brucker, a pastor's daughter. He had two younger sisters, Anna Maria and Maria Magdalena, and a younger brother, Johann Heinrich. Soon after the birth of Leonhard, the Eulers moved from Basel to the town of Riehen, where Leonhard spent most of his childhood. Paul was a friend of the
18169575
Bad Sankt Leonhard im Lavanttal


Bad Sankt Leonhard im Lavanttal () is a spa town in the district of Wolfsberg in the Austrian state of Carinthia. The municipality lies in the upper Lavant valley ("Lavanttal") north of the district capital Wolfsberg. The municipal area comprises the cadastral communities of Erzberg, Görlitzen, Kliening, Bad Sankt Leonhard proper, Schiefling, Schönberg, Theißing, and Twimberg. Bad Sankt Leonhard has access to the Süd Autobahn (A2). The Lavant Viaduct across the valley was inaugurated in 1986; with a height of
9313531
Wolfgang Leonhard


and Rudolf Leonhard. His mother had been a close friend of Rosa Luxemburg and Karl Liebknecht, the German Communist leaders, and was an active Communist herself. At the time of Wolfgang's birth, however, his parents were already divorced, and his mother had married the Soviet ambassador to Austria, Mieczysław Broński, under Soviet law. Susanne Leonhard worked as head of the press department of the embassy. From 1931, Susanne Leonhard and her son lived in the "Artists' Colony" in Wilmersdorf, Berlin, the home
10798278
Wolfgang Leonhard


own goals through the state apparatus. This speech convinced Leonhard that Germany was not going to follow a different path to socialism, but would replicate the Stalinist system. In March 1949, he fled to Yugoslavia via Czechoslovakia. Yugoslavia had been expelled from Cominform, the successor organization of Comintern under Russian leadership, and was establishing its own independent type of socialism. In Yugoslavia, Leonhard was in charge of the German programmes of Belgrade Radio. From Yugoslavia, Wolfgang Leonhard then went on to West Germany, where he worked as a
10798288
Dave Leonhard


David Paul Leonhard (born January 22, 1941) is a former pitcher in Major League Baseball who played from through for the Baltimore Orioles. Listed at 5' 11", 165 lb., Leonhard batted and threw right-handed. He attended Johns Hopkins University. A native of Arlington, Virginia, Leonhard was signed by the Orioles as a free agent in 1963. He started his professional career with Class C Aberdeen Pheasants (1963–1964), and won the International League Pitcher of the Year Award while playing for the
14283106
Leonhard Dientzenhofer


Leonhard Dientzenhofer (also: "Johann Leonhard Dientzenhofer"; 20 February 1660 – 26 November 1707) was a German builder and architect from the well known Dientzenhofer family of architects. Leonhard was born in St. Margarethen (Bavaria), District of Rosenheim, the seventh child of Georg Dientzenhofer and Anna Thanner. His four brothers, Georg, Wolfgang, Christoph and Johann, were also well-known architects/builders. On 30 January 1685 in Waldsassen, he married Maria Anna Hager, a sister of the wife of his brother
18359231
Charles Leonhard


their lineage back to Leonhard. For example, Bennett Reimer was a student at Illinois who worked with Leonhard and Harry Broudy. Reimer later went on to supervise the dissertations of David J. Elliott and Paul Woodford. In 1986 Leonhard retired from his position at the University of Illinois. In 1988 he was appointed the Director of Research at the National Arts Education Research Center; a post he held through 1994. He died in 2002 at the age of 86. He had been married to Patricia Hagman since 1950. The couple had
21556987
Leonhard of Gorizia


Leonhard of Gorizia (1440 – 12 April 1500) was the last Count of Görz from the Meinhardiner dynasty, who ruled at Lienz and Gorizia ("Görz") from 1454 until his death. Leonhard was born at the comital residence Bruck Castle in Lienz, the son of Henry VI, Count of Gorizia and his wife, Katalin (Catherine), a daughter of the Hungarian palatine Nicholas II Garay. In 1454 he succeeded his father, who left him an almost ruined county with two separate territories. Leonhard at first
6158266