Bradford Ophthalmic Optics Student Association [SEP] headquarters location
Bradford Ophthalmic Optics Student Association


The Bradford Ophthalmic Optics Student Association (BOOSA), often referred to colloquially as BOOSA, is a student society for students of Optometry at the University of Bradford and students of Ophthalmic Dispensing from Bradford College. BOOSA (Bradford Ophthalmic Optics Student Association) was formed by staff at the University of Bradford's School of Optometry and Vision Sciences. The society was created as a forum for students of Optometry and more recently Ophthalmic Dispensing students. The society has been present at the university for many decades; however, the exact date of
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Bradford Ophthalmic Optics Student Association


formation is unknown. BOOSA is currently part of The University of Bradford Union. Constituted as a non-profit student association, it is also supported by students, the University of Bradford, a variety of businesses and companies in the optical universe. BOOSA has a significant mostly unattending membership, being the somewhat largest society at the University of Bradford. It plays a role in promoting, maintaining and developing relationships between groups and individuals in the professional industry. It is situated at the University of Bradford and is led by students who
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University of Bradford


and shop, and the library. Students get to make use of the "Unique" centre which is located on campus. Facilities include a fitness suite, an indoor 25-metre swimming pool and a climbing wall. The largest student involvement in their Union comes in the forms of the sports clubs (through the Athletics Union, commonly known as the AU), and the societies (through the Societies Federation). There is a wide variety of both, including many course related societies such as the Bradford Ophthalmic Optics Student Association.
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Bradford Ophthalmic Optics Student Association


are directly elected by the membership. BOOSA has from its creation focused on organising educational talks, social events and information evenings. In so doing they created a unique community of students at the University. They also negotiate discounts with ophthalmic equipment manufacturers and organises an annual instrument fair, allowing those students who wish to buy their equipment to do so at the best possible price. Many of its members have been nominated at AOP Awards and Optician Awards. In late 2013, BOOSA was nominated for several WEGO Healthcare Activist Award. BOOSA
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British Optical Association


The British Optical Association (BOA) was founded in February 1895 as the first professional body for ophthalmic opticians (optometrists) in the world. The British Optical Association Museum and Library was founded in 1901; it retains the BOA name but is now part of the College of Optometrists, located in Craven Street, Charing Cross, central London. At a meeting called by Mr Robert Sutcliffe, a sight-testing optician of Rochdale, the BOA was formed and elected the distinguished London optician John Browning (scientific instrument maker) as
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Local Optical Committee


Local Optical Committees are statutory bodies established within the British National Health Service to represent the interests of community optometrists and opticians. There are 78 Local Optical Committees in England. They are supported by the Local Optical Committee Support Unit which provides a link to the national bodies the Association of British Dispensing Opticians, the Association of Optometrists and the Federation of (Ophthalmic and Dispensing) Opticians. The local committees are descended from the Ophthalmic Services Committees established by clause 41 of the National Health Service Act 1946. A Joint Council of Qualified Opticians
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Optical Express


Eyecare, and 14 more Scottish stores from Specdeals in 2002. Optical Express entered the refractive eye surgery market in 2002 when it acquired The Health Clinic which offered general ophthalmic procedures across slightly less than 20 locations in the UK. In 2004 it acquired the ophthalmic treatment assets of Boots Group plc from nine sites in the UK. It did not acquire Boots’ other optician assets. In 2004, Optical Express acquired two Free Vision Euro Eyes laser vision correction clinics in Amsterdam and The Hague, marking the first large-scale UK
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Ophthalmic artery


internal carotid along the medial side of the anterior clinoid process and runs anteriorly passing through the optic canal with and inferolaterally to the optic nerve. The ophthalmic artery can also pass superiorly to the optic nerve in a minority of cases. In the posterior third of the cone of the orbit, the ophthalmic artery turns sharply medially to run along the medial wall of the orbit. The central retinal artery is the first, and one of the smaller branches of the OA and runs in the dura mater inferior to the optic nerve.
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Optometry Today


are required to undertake to maintain their professionally registered status with the GOC. Subscription to the magazine is included as part of the membership of the Association of Optometrists. The publication was first launched in 1961 as The Ophthalmic Optician. Following the move of academic institutions to adopt the term 'optometry' (in place of 'ophthalmic optics') during the late 1970s and 1980s the magazine was retitled and relaunched as Optometry Today in 1985. In 2016, Optometry Today won the 'Best Professional Association or Royal College magazine' accolade
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Rodenstock GmbH


In 1880, he developed his first patented products – diaphragm lenses. Two years later, he started exporting internationally and founded his own production sites. Since 1883 the company’s headquarters is located in Munich. In the new millennium, the ophthalmic optics company quickly developed from a small tradesman shop into a modern industrial enterprise. For example, the first bifocal lenses came from Rodenstock as did UV-absorbing lenses. In addition to the production of lenses, the third generation put special focus on the manufacture of frames. In 1955
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Optic neuropathy


the lateral geniculate body (anterior visual system). In ischemic optic neuropathies, there is insufficient blood flow (ischemia) to the optic nerve. The anterior optic nerve is supplied by the short posterior ciliary artery and choroidal circulation, while the retrobulbar optic nerve is supplied intraorbitally by a pial plexus, which arises from the ophthalmic artery, internal carotid artery, anterior cerebral artery, and anterior communicating arteries. Ischemic optic neuropathies are classified based on the location of the damage and the cause of reduced blood flow, if known.
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Short posterior ciliary arteries


The short posterior ciliary arteries from six to twelve in number, arise from the ophthalmic artery as it crosses the optic nerve. They pass forward around the optic nerve to the posterior part of the eyeball, pierce the sclera around the entrance of the optic nerve, and supply the choroid (up to the equator of the eye) and ciliary processes. Some branches of the short posterior ciliary arteries also supply the optic disc via an anastomotic ring, the Circle of Zinn-Haller or Circle of Zinn, which is associated with
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British Optical Association


to found the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists); the title was changed to the British College of Optometrists in 1987 and, with the grant of a Royal Charter in 1995, the territorial distinction was dropped and the name shortened to the College of Optometrists. Fellows of the British Optical Association were entitled to use the affix FBOA, introduced in 1897, and those who held only the Dioptric Grade the affix DBOA or the Ophthalmometric Grade, the little-used affix OBOA. These latter grades were abolished in 1923.
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Bradford School (Columbus)


The Columbus Culinary Institute (CCI) is a division of the Bradford School, and is located on their campus. Bradford's dormitories are available for students, but more than half of the students live in the Columbus area and commute. The program has an undergraduate population of 150. A high school diploma is a prerequisite, and 54% of applicants are accepted to the program. Nearly all graduates are placed in jobs. CCI awards associate degrees to graduates. The culinary arts associate degree program requires 18-months to complete. The
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British Optical Association


its first President. The BOA ran the first professional examinations in optics in 1896 and campaigned over many years for the state recognition of the profession, finally achieving success in 1958 with the passing of the Opticians Act by Parliament. It operated a number of local associations across the UK and was responsible for establishing the Army Spectacle Depot during World War I and establishing the Joint Council of Qualified Opticians (JCQO) together with the Institute of Ophthalmic Opticians (IOO) in 1922. The BOA also provided the Secretariat for a number of
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British Optical Association


Examinations for dispensing opticians were first introduced in 1928. The BOA also administered several higher qualifications including the Diploma in Contact Lens Practice (DCLP), introduced in 1961, and awarded the BOA Research Medal from 1953. The Association published the "Dioptric Review" from 1896 which continued with breaks and with minor changes of title until 1961 when it was replaced by "The Ophthalmic Optician" a journal jointly sponsored by the BOA and the AOP. A learned clinical journal, the "British Journal of Physiological Optics" was produced from
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Bradford School (Pittsburgh)


Bradford School was a for-profit college located in Pittsburgh, PA. Bradford awarded both diplomas and specialized associate degrees. After 50 years of operations, Bradford School announced that it will no longer enroll new students as of June 2018 at its Pittsburgh location due to declining enrollment and changes to the area that impacted operations. Career Services will be available to graduates through April 30, 2019. According to Peterson’s () and recent institutional publications, Bradford School had an undergraduate population of 387. For the most recent year,
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Robert W. Field


molecules in the gas phase. He performed the first microwave-optical and optical-optical double resonance experiments on small molecules, and invented the Stimulated Emission Pumping (SEP, or "PUMP and DUMP") spectroscopic method. He is also particularly known for studies of the molecules acetylene (C2H2) and calcium monofluoride (CaF). His active research group at MIT includes about eight graduate students and postdocs working on experimental, theoretical and computational physical chemistry of small molecules in the gas phase. He is the recipient of the
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Optic disc


-film camera images are the reference standard in imaging, requiring an expert ophthalmic photographer, ophthalmic technician, optometrist or an ophthalmologist for taking standardised pictures of the optic disc. Stereoscopic images offer an excellent investigative tool for serial follow-up of suspected changes in the hands of an expert optometrist or ophthalmologist. Automated techniques have also been developed to allow for more efficient and less expensive imaging. Heidelberg retinal tomography (HRT), scanning laser polarimetry and optical coherence tomography are computerised techniques for imaging various structures of the eyes, including
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Military training leader


the name has changed but the responsibilities has increased. Student Training Advisor (STA) 1973-1992 Military Training Manager (MTM) 1992-1998 Military Training Leader (MTL) 1998–Present CONUS locations with Military Training Leaders: (as of Sep 09): Most people are unaware of how many locations in the CONUS there are Military Training Leaders assigned. There are over 37 locations. The bases under the bold indicate the Detachment or Geographically Separated Unit (GSU). Headquarters Second Air Force, Keesler AFB Lackland AFB Keesler AFB
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Tom Coburn


a leading operatic soprano. One of the Top Ten seniors in the School of Business, Coburn served as president of the College of Business Student Council. From 1970 to 1978, Coburn served as manufacturing manager at the Ophthalmic Division of Coburn Optical Industries in Colonial Heights, Virginia. Under his leadership, the Virginia division of Coburn Optical grew from 13 employees to more than 350 and captured 35 percent of the U.S. market. After recovering from an occurrence of malignant melanoma, Coburn pursued a medical degree and graduated from the University of
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Orbital apex syndrome


Orbital apex syndrome, is a collection of cranial nerve deficits associated with a mass lesion near the apex of the orbit of the eye. This syndrome is a separate entity from Rochon–Duvigneaud syndrome, which occurs due to a lesion immediately anterior to the orbital apex. Most commonly optic nerve is involved. The most common finding is oculomotor nerve dysfunction leading to ophthalmoplegia. This is often accompanied by ophthalmic nerve dysfunction, leading to hypoesthesia of the upper face. The optic nerve may eventually be involved, with resulting visual impairment.
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Association of Optometrists


The Association of Optometrists (AOP) is the leading professional organisation for optometrists in the United Kingdom. The organisation is a company limited by guarantee operating in a similar way to a trade union to "protect, support and represent" the interests of the practising professional as its primary concern. It is one of the five representative bodies that make up the Optical Confederation. The Association provides a range of professional services and products to its members, including: The organisation traces its history back to 1946. when the Institute of Ophthalmic
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Central retinal vein


The central retinal vein (retinal vein) is a short vein that runs through the optic nerve, leaves the optic nerve 10 mm from the eyeball and drains blood from the capillaries of the retina into either superior ophthalmic vein or into the cavernous sinus directly. The anatomy of the veins of the orbit of the eye varies between individuals, and in some the central retinal vein drains into the superior ophthalmic vein, and in some it drains directly into the cavernous sinus. The central retinal vein is the venous equivalent of the central
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Rodenstock GmbH


Rodenstock GmbH () is a German manufacturer of ophthalmic lenses and spectacle frames. The company, which was founded in 1877, is headquartered in Munich. It has a worldwide workforce of approximately 4,200 and is represented in more than 80 countries with sales subsidiaries and distribution partners. Rodenstock maintains production sites for ophthalmic lenses at a total of 14 locations in 12 countries. The foundation for Rodenstock's development was laid in 1877 by Josef Rodenstock with his workshop and shop for lenses, frames, barometers, and measurement instruments in Würzburg.
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Essilor


Essilor International S.A. is a French-based international ophthalmic optics company that designs, manufactures and markets lenses to correct or protect eyesight. Its headquarters is based in Charenton-le-Pont (near Paris), France. Essilor is quoted on the Euronext Paris Stock Exchange. It is a component of the Euro Stoxx 50 share index. Essilor is responsible for creating Varilux, the world's first progressive lens which corrects presbyopia and allows clear vision in the wearer's near, intermediate and far vision. The company formed from the
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Superior ophthalmic vein


The superior ophthalmic vein begins at the inner angle of the orbit in a vein named the nasofrontal which communicates anteriorly with the angular vein; it does not pursue the same course as the ophthalmic artery (which instead passes through the optic canal) and receives tributaries corresponding to the branches of that vessel. Forming a short single trunk, it passes between the two heads of the Rectus lateralis and through the medial part of the superior orbital fissure, and ends in the cavernous sinus. The "ethmoidal veins" drain into the superior
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National Optical Astronomy Observatory


with the exception of Christmas and New Year's Eve). The combination of truly open access and the merit based science proposal process makes NOAO unique in the world. The NOAO headquarters are located in Tucson, Arizona and are co-located with the headquarters of the National Solar Observatory. The NOAO is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA), under a cooperative agreement with the NSF. NOAO operates world class research telescopes in both the northern and southern hemispheres. These telescopes are located at Kitt
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Clinical and Experimental Optometry


Clinical and Experimental Optometry is a bimonthly peer-reviewed medical journal covering optometry. It is published by John Wiley & Sons on behalf of Optometry Australia, the New Zealand Association of Optometrists, the Hong Kong Society of Professional Optometrists, and the Singapore Optometric Association, of which it is the official journal. The editor-in-chief is Nathan Efron. The journal was established in 1911 as Optical News, a medical and news publication of the New South Wales Institute of Ophthalmic Opticians. The journal was renamed to The Commonwealth
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Posterior ischemic optic neuropathy


pial branches of the ophthalmic artery. The optic canal, a boney tunnel leading to the brain, surrounds the most posterior part of this optic nerve segment. The anterior optic nerve receives blood primarily from the posterior ciliary arteries. The anterior optic nerve, a.k.a. the optic nerve head, is surrounded by the scleral canal, and is vulnerable to crowding of nerve fibers. The portion of the optic nerve head that is visible by looking into the eye with an ophthalmoscope is called the optic disc. At the onset of symptoms
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Internal carotid artery


ring and extends distally to the distal dural ring, after which the carotid artery is considered "intra-dural" and has entered the subarachnoid space. The clinoid segment normally has no named branches, though the ophthalmic artery may arise from the clinoid segment. The ophthalmic segment, or C6, extends from the distal dural ring, which is continuous with the falx cerebri, to the origin of the posterior communicating artery. The ophthalmic segment courses roughly horizontally, parallel to the optic nerve, which runs superomedially to the carotid at
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Pascal Photocoagulator


in the ophthalmic laser industry, recognized the need for improved safety, precision, comfort and speed of photocoagulation procedures for eye diseases. Ophthalmic company, Topcon Corp. has distributed the PASCAL system since 2008, and acquired OptiMedica's retina and glaucoma technology in August 2010. Most ophthalmic laser delivery systems include: The Pascal system is fully integrated with a touch screen GUI, advanced slit lamp optics, slit lamp mounted micromanipulator, and ergonomic features for the physician and patient. In scanning applications, a control system applies an electric current proportional
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Ayr


served by one independent school that provides both primary and secondary education: Ayr has four further education establishments: The NHS Ayrshire and Arran Health Board serves South, East and North Ayrshire – a part of Ayrshire and Arran's departmental headquarters is located in Ayr. Ayr is also the regional headquarters of the Scottish Ambulance Service for south-west Scotland that is located in Heathfield, next to the site of the old Heathfield Hospital. Ayr previously had four hospitals: Heathfield Hospital (originally a fever hospital, but latterly medical and ophthalmic
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Mitochondrial optic neuropathies


Mitohondrial optic neuropathies are a heterogenous group of disorders that present with visual disturbances resultant from mitochondrial dysfunction within the anatomy of the Retinal Ganglion Cells (RGC), optic nerve, optic chiasm, and optic tract. These disturbances are multifactorial, their aetiology consisting of metabolic and/or structural damage as a consequence of genetic mutations, environmental stressors, or both. The three most common neuro-ophthalmic abnormalities seen in mitochondrial disorders are bilateral optic neuropathy, ophthalmoplegia with ptosis, and pigmentary retinopathy. The generalized, common presentation for this broad and
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Bascom Palmer Eye Institute


are provided. Faculty and staff service of patients with eye disorders and diseases in the following areas:br Retina and Vitreous Diseases and Surgerybr Glaucomabr Corneal & External Diseasesbr Laser Vision Centerbr Neuro-ophthalmologybr Ophthalmic Oncologybr Ophthalmic Plastic and Orbital Surgerybr Pediatric ophthalmologybr Ophthalmic pathologybr Uveitisbr Comprehensive Ophthalmologybr 24-hour Emergency in Miamibr Optical Servicesbr Contact Lens Servicebr Low vision Rehabilitation In 2018, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute was ranked as the #1 Ophthalmology hospital and research center in the United States for the fifteenth consecutive (seventeenth total) year by U.S. News & World Report
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8th Cavalry Regiment


their return to Fort Hood, 1st Battalion 8th Cavalry was placed back into the 2nd Brigade Combat Team. Once both 1st and 2nd Brigades were situated they began the process of transitioning to the Force XXI turning in their tanks for the new M1A2 SEP version, which provides better optics along with a digital command and control system. Also part of the transition was that the Delta companies were deactivated and the headquarters were restructured, the remaining troops were integrated throughout the brigade and the division. Operation Iraqi Freedom 2004–2005 1st, 2nd,
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Optic cup (embryology)


During embryonic development of the eye, the outer wall of the bulb of the optic vesicles becomes thickened and invaginated, and the bulb is thus converted into a cup, the optic cup (or ophthalmic cup), consisting of two strata of cells. These two strata are continuous with each other at the cup margin, which ultimately overlaps the front of the lens and reaches as far forward as the future aperture of the pupil. The optic cup is part of the diencephalon and gives rise to the retina of the eye.
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Carmen Munroe


by Norman Beaton. Born Carmen Esme Steele in New Amsterdam, Berbice, British Guiana, where she was educated at Enterprise High School. She came to Britain in 1951, and after studying ophthalmic optics for a year then working as a librarian in Tooting, south London, in 1957 she began studying drama with a group based at the West Indian Students' Centre in Collingham Gardens, south-west London. She first appeared on the West End stage in 1962 at London's Wyndham's Theatre in Tennessee Williams’s "Period
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British Optical Association


a collection of historic spectacles and visual aids designed to illustrate the development of corrective eyewear. It subsequently expanded its collecting activities to encompass ophthalmic instrumentation and the depiction of optometric subject matter in works of art such as paintings, prints and sculpture. With over 27,000 catalogued objects (including archives) it may be judged one of the most comprehensive and high quality collections of its type. It is believed to be the oldest such museum to be open to the public. Many of its objects are rare survivals and several are unique.
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Summer Enrichment Program (University of Colorado)


The Summer Enrichment Program (SEP) is a summer camp for gifted and talented children entering grades 5 to 10, located at Center for the Education and Study of the Gifted, Talented, Creative at the University of Northern Colorado in Greeley, Colorado. SEP consists of one two-week session in mid-July, during which students reside in the university dormitories and eat in campus dining halls, supervised by camp counselors assigned to each grade. The students choose four classes which they attend every day from Monday to Friday.
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University of Bradford


The University of Bradford is a public, plate glass university located in the city of Bradford, West Yorkshire, England. The university received its Royal Charter in 1966, making it the 40th university to be created in Britain, but its origins date back to the early 19th century. There are two campuses: the main campus located on Richmond Road and the School of Management, at Emm Lane. The student population includes undergraduate and postgraduate students. Mature students make up around a third of the undergraduate community. 22% of
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Choroid


into four layers (classified in order of furthest away from the retina to closest): There are two circulations of the eye: the retinal (in the retina) and uveal, supplied in humans by posterior ciliary arteries, originating from the ophthalmic artery that derived from the internal carotid artery. The arteries of the uveal circulation, supplying the uvea and outer and middle layers of the retina, are branches of the ophthalmic artery and enter the eyeball without passing with the optic nerve. The retinal circulation, on the other hand
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Bradford School (Columbus)


1,543 applicants, 689 (or 45%) were admitted. Bradford School provides career-focused courses to high school graduates. Students can graduate in 10–12 months by earning a diploma. Associate of Applied Science degree programs can be completed in 16–20 months. Bradford awards both diplomas and applied science associate degrees. The school groups its three major areas of study into three main categories: Culinary Arts, Veterinary Technology, and Physical Therapy. One of seven Vet Tech Institute campuses,(VTI)at Bradford School offers students hands-on learning in an 18-month
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Astigmatism (optical systems)


deliberately use non-spherical optics to overcome this phenomenon. In the analysis of these systems, it is common to consider tangential rays (as defined above), and rays in a meridional plane (a plane containing the optic axis) perpendicular to the tangential plane. This plane is called either the "sagittal meridional plane" or, confusingly, just the "sagittal plane". In optometry and ophthalmology, the vertical and horizontal planes are identified as "tangential" and "sagittal" meridians, respectively. Ophthalmic astigmatism is
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Eye care professional


ophthalmic lenses, spectacles, contact lenses, low vision aids and ocular prosthetics. They may also be referred to as an "optical dispenser", "dispensing optician", "ophthalmic dispenser". The prescription for the corrective lenses must be supplied by an ophthalmologist, optometrist or in some countries an orthoptist. This is a regulated profession in most jurisdictions. A collective term for allied health personnel in ophthalmology. It is often used to refer to specialized personnel (unlike ocularists or opticians). In many countries these allied personnel
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Hans Goldmann


Goldmann was the dean of the medical faculty. In 1964/1965 he was the rector of the University of Bern. In 1968 he retired as professor emeritus. He was the eye clinic's director continuously from 1935 to 1968. He was the author or co-author of more than 200 articles in peer-reviewed journals. Goldmann was especially interested in the optics, physics, and development of ophthalmic instruments. He improved and developed in collaboration with Haag-Streit AG (Aktiengesellschaft) several ophthalmic instruments, including: He was the
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Iris dilator muscle


the cavernous sinus in the middle cranial fossa and then travel with the ophthalmic artery in the optic canal or on the ophthalmic nerve through the superior orbital fissure. From there, they travel with the nasociliary nerve and then the long ciliary nerve. They then pierce the sclera, travel between sclera and choroid to reach the iris dilator muscle. They will also pass through ciliary ganglion and travel in short ciliary nerves to reach the iris dilator muscle. The pupillary dilator acts to increase the size of the pupil to allow more light to
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Amaurosis fugax


and idiopathic (or "no cause identified") Concerning the pathology underlying these causes (except idiopathic), "some of the more frequent causes include atheromatous disease of the internal carotid or ophthalmic artery, vasospasm, optic neuropathies, giant cell arteritis, angle-closure glaucoma, increased intracranial pressure, orbital compressive disease, a steal phenomenon, and blood hyperviscosity or hypercoagulability." With respect to embolic and hemodynamic causes, this transient monocular visual loss ultimately occurs due to a temporary reduction in retinal artery, ophthalmic artery, or
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Nasociliary nerve


The nasociliary nerve is a branch of the ophthalmic nerve (CN V; one of three branches of the trigeminal nerve a.k.a. CN V). It is intermediate in size between the two other main branches of the ophthalmic nerve, the frontal nerve and the lacrimal nerve, and is more deeply placed. The nasociliary nerve enters the orbit between the two heads of the lateral rectus muscles and between the superior and inferior rami of the oculomotor nerve (CN III). It passes across the optic nerve (CN II) and
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Essilor


. "Silor" (Société Industrielle de Lunetterie et d'Optique Rationnelle)first started under the name "Lissac" in 1931 as a retailer of ophthalmic lenses and frames before becoming a lens manufacturer. In 1959, the same year "Essel" invented the progressive lens, "Lissac" made a discovery of its own: the Orma 1000 lens, made from a lightweight material. After many years as rivals, "Essel" and "Silor" merged on 1 January 1972 to form Essilor, the then third-largest ophthalmic optical firm
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Orbit (anatomy)


potential pathways for cancer and infections of the orbit to spread into the brain or other deep facial structures. The optic canal contains the optic nerve (cranial nerve II) and the ophthalmic artery, and sits at the junction of the sphenoid sinus with the ethmoid air cells, superomedial and posterior to structures at the orbital apex. It provides a pathway between the orbital contents and the middle cranial fossa. The superior orbital fissure lies just lateral and inferior to the optic canal, and is formed at the junction of the lesser and
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Abbott Medical Optics


Abbott Medical Optics Inc. earlier known as Advanced Medical Optics, Inc. (also known as AMO) is a global medical supply company. Products in the ophthalmic surgical line include intraocular lenses, laser vision correction systems, phacoemulsification systems, viscoelastics, microkeratomes and related products used in cataract and refractive surgery. AMO is based in Santa Ana, California, and employs approximately 4,200 worldwide. The company has operations in 24 countries and markets products in approximately 60 countries. In February 27, 2017, Abbott Medical Optics has changed its name to
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Body of sphenoid bone


surface is bounded behind by a ridge, which forms the anterior border of a narrow, transverse groove, the prechiasmatic groove, above and behind which lies the optic chiasma; the groove ends on either side in the optic foramen, which transmits the optic nerve and ophthalmic artery into the orbital cavity. Behind the chiasmatic groove is an elevation, the tuberculum sellae; and behind this is a deep depression, the saddle-shaped sella turcica (Turkish seat), the deepest part of which, the hypophyseal fossa, lodges the
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Choroid


, derives its circulation from the central retinal artery, also a branch of the ophthalmic artery, but passing in conjunction with the optic nerve. They are branching in a segmental distribution to the end arterioles and not anastomoses. This is clinically significant for diseases affecting choroidal blood supply. The macula responsible for central vision and the anterior part of the optic nerve are dependent on choroidal blood supply. Teleosts bear a body of capillary adjacent to the optic nerve called the choroidal gland. Though its function is not known, it is believed
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John Zachariah Laurence


an Ophthalmic Review that he had founded and edited for nearly, four years (1864-7) but which had not survived longer than that, was not mentioned by its new editors.(Sorsby A. John Zachariah Laurence- a belated tribute. Brit J Ophthalmic 1932;16(11):727-40.) . And he was described as: His name remains only in the rare, eponymous Laurence-Moon-Biedl syndrome. The diagnosis of Surgical Cancer. (which won the Lister Prize) London,1855. The optical defects of the Eye. London, 1865.
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Optical 88


Optical 88 () is one of the famous eyewear stores in Hong Kong. It was established in 1984, as a member of of Companies, who owns largest professional optical retail network in Hong Kong. Optical 88's headquarters is located in Hong Kong (dispersed all over Hong Kong Island, Kowloon and the New Territories) while overseas stores are located at various countries and cities including Macau, Guangzhou, Singapore, Thailand and Malaysia etc. Optical 88's key products are eyeglasses, including sunglasses and the frames and lenses of
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European Association for Vision and Eye Research


in Montpellier, France, when The Association for Eye Research (AER), the European Community Ophthalmic Research Association (ECORA) and the Joint European Meetings in Ophthalmology and Vision (JERMOV) merged, and recognized by the Belgian Royal Decree on September 20, 1998 EVER arranges its annual congress at the end of September or the beginning of October at a location close to the Mediterranean. The current location since 2012 has been Nice, France. Previously, the association has met in Palma de Mallorca, Spain, in 1998-
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Rohit Varma


, where 90% or more of the population have been diagnosed with myopia, up from 10% to 20% 60 years ago. He has studied also changes in the optic nerve in glaucoma, and has helped develop imaging techniques that aid in the early diagnosis of glaucomatous optic nerve damage. Varma co-wrote two ophthalmic books: "Essentials of Eye Care: The Johns Hopkins Wilmer Handbook"; and "The Optic Nerve in Glaucoma". Varma co-edited the book "Advanced Glaucoma Surgery", published by
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Optician


, an ophthalmic optician is also known as an optometrist and is regulated by the General Optical Council under the Opticians Act 1989. Like many health care providers, opticians are regulated professionals in certain countries. The profession is often regulated by optician-specific agencies, as in Canada and some states of the U.S., or jointly with optometry such as the New Zealand Optometrist and Dispensing Opticians Board or the United Kingdom General Optical Council. Opticians may work independently or dependently with an optometrist or ophthalmologist although some opticians may work in an optical
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Sohan Hayreh


of research, and more than 50 chapters in ophthalmic books. He has made many seminal observations dealing with the ocular circulation in health and disease, the optic disc and the optic nerve, retinal and choroidal vascular disorders, glaucomatous optic neuropathy, fundus changes in malignant arterial hypertension, ocular neovascularization, rheumatologic disorders of the eye, and nocturnal arterial hypotension. He is an elected fellow of the National Academy of Medical Sciences. Hayreh was born in the small village of Littran in the Indian state of Punjab. As the eldest son
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Federation of Manufacturing Opticians


The Federation of Manufacturing Opticians is a trade body for manufacturers of ophthalmic examination technology established in 1917. It claims to be the world’s longest established optical trade body. Its members are optical companies involved in aspects of manufacturing, importing and wholesaling of spectacles. It is one of the five representative bodies that make up the Optical Confederation. FMO has two main income sources – membership subscriptions and surpluses from its trade show, Optrafair – and as a not-for-profits body it ploughs any surpluses back into the sector,
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Integrated Medical Systems International


The company focused on distributing until 1990 when repair services were added. The company now provides a range of services and products related to operating room efficiency. IMS provides refurbishment, education, process improvement, inventory management, and related services for 2,500 hospitals and surgery centers. IMS repairs flexible and rigid endoscopes and stainless, laparoscopic, power, ophthalmic, and specialty instruments. With expertise in mechanical, electrical, optical, materials, and applied engineering, IMS operates three repair facilities in addition to performing On-Location repairs. Offerings
18895994
IgG4-related ophthalmic disease


infraorbital nerves, or proptosis. IgG4-related ophthalmic disease has been estimated to account for approximately 25% of all cases of proptosis, eyelid swelling and other features of orbital swelling. The extent of inflammation that can occur in IgG4-ROD is well demonstrated on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Infraorbital nerve enlargement (IONE) is considered to be a particularly suspicious sign of IgG4-ROD, but seems to occur only when inflammation is in direct contact with the infraorbital canal. IONE is defined as the infraorbital nerve diameter being greater than the optic nerve
10419221
Photic sneeze reflex


of sneezing. This is similar to the mechanism by which photophobia develops by persistent light exposure relaying signals through the optic nerve and trigeminal nerve to produce increased sensitivity in the ophthalmic branch. If this increased sensitivity occurred in the maxillary branch instead of the ophthalmic branch, a sneeze could result instead of photophobia. The parasympathetic nervous system has many neighboring fibers that respond to different stimuli. When one stimulus activates multiple nerve fibers of the parasympathetic nervous system, parasympathetic generalization is occurring. There is a possibility that sensory input from the eyes
18723674
Bradford School (Columbus)


Bradford School is a small, private, for-profit career college in Columbus, Ohio. It originally was founded in 1911 and moved to its current suburban campus location in 2003. It has on-campus housing for students but more than half of students live in the Columbus area and commute. It will no longer accept new students as of June 3, 2019. The school will remain open for current students to complete their programs through April 2020 and then close. Bradford School has an undergraduate population of 443. Of
7165386
Gershom Bradford Weston


Gershom Bradford Weston, (27 Aug 1799 - 14 Sep 1869) son of shipbuilding tycoon Ezra Weston II (1772-1842) (AKA: King Caesar II) and his wife Jerusha Bradford (1770-1833), who were both direct descendants of six Mayflower pilgrims. Gershom was a large man with reddish hair, weighing about 250 pounds. At an age 17 he began sailing on his father's ships to Denmark, England and India, before taking on a managerial role in the family business. From 1842 to
12489437
Society of Experimental Psychologists


The Society of Experimental Psychologists (SEP), originally called the Society of Experimentalists, is an academic society for experimental psychologists. It was founded by Edward Bradford Titchener in 1904 to be an ongoing workshop in which members could visit labs, study apparatus, and hear and comment on reports of ongoing research. Upon Titchener’s death in 1927 the club was reorganized and renamed the Society of Experimental Psychologists. The object of the society is “To advance psychology by arranging informal conferences on experimental psychology.” The SEP meets annually to
9015088
Vision Rx Lab


Vision Rx Lab is an organic and mineral ophthalmic lens manufacturer. Headquartered in the eastern Indian city of Kolkata, it has 14 laboratories and 16 service centres across India. Vision Rx Lab is a group company of the French ophthalmic firm Essilor. The company formed from the joint-venture of ophthalmic firms Essilor and GKB Rx Lens Pvt Ltd in 2006. The company began its journey as GKB Rx Lens Pvt. Ltd. in the northern Indian city of Agra way back in 1959. The principal activities were shifted to Kolkata in 1969
12786949
Bradfords Group


The Bradfords Group is a building supplies company with headquarters in Yeovil, Somerset. The business trades as Bradfords Building Supplies and Yeovil Plumbing Supplies in over 40 UK locations. There were Bradfords in Wiltshire from at least the 16th century. William Bradford, who was born in 1750 and lived at Thorney, married Ann Richards in 1782: she worked with her husband in running their business, which included coal merchants and quarries, until he died in 1806. Shortly after this she was joined by her son Job until her death in
11489849
Bradford White


Bradford White is an employee owned American manufacturer of residential and commercial water heaters headquartered in Ambler, Pennsylvania, with its manufacturing facility located in Middleville, Michigan. The company is among the largest American manufacturers of water heaters, competing with companies such as Rheem and A. O. Smith. Bradford White Corporation is made up of Bradford White Water Heaters, Bradford White – Canada, Laars Heating Systems, and Niles Steel Tank. The company produces various types of water heaters, including natural gas-, electric- (including high efficiency heat pump models
22021764
National Black Law Students Association


National Latino/Latina Student Association (NLLSA), National Association of Law Students with Disabilities (NALSD), and The National Asian Pacific American Law Student Association (NAPALSA). The headquarters of NBLSA is located in Washington, D.C.. Organized into six regions (Northeast, Mid-Atlantic, Southern, Mid-West, Rocky Mountain and Western Region) the organization has over 200 chapters and is present in all but a few of the nation's accredited law schools, as well as unaccredited law schools. Each year,
16486165
Mary D. Bradford High School


Bradford High School is a high school located in Kenosha, Wisconsin that serves students in grades 9 to 12. It is the primary high school for students on the north side of the city. Bradford High School was named after Mary D. Bradford, who was Superintendent of Schools for the Kenosha school system from 1878 to 1894, and again from 1910 to 1921. Bradford was the first woman to serve as superintendent of a major city school system in Wisconsin. The former Mary Davison was born in Kenosha County in 1856 and graduated
4344330
Shire (pharmaceutical company)


more than 100 countries across core therapeutic areas including Hematology, Immunology, Neuroscience, Lysosomal Storage Disorders, Gastrointestinal / Internal Medicine / Endocrine and Hereditary Angioedema; a growing franchise in Oncology; and an emerging, innovative pipeline in Ophthalmics. The original corporate headquarters was located in Basingstoke, Hampshire, England. Main offices are located in Dublin, Ireland, the United States in Cambridge, Massachusetts, and Chicago, Illinois, and in Zug, Switzerland. In addition, Shire owns manufacturing sites in Lexington, Massachusetts, and Social Circle
16116557
Bradford Sabres


Bradford Sabres are an English ice hockey team that play in Division 2 North league of the British Universities Ice Hockey Association. They play their home games at the Bradford Ice Arena, Bradford, West Yorkshire. They were formed in 2005. The Bradford Sabres are the ice hockey team for the University of Bradford and are run and funded by the University of Bradford Union. The club began in 2005 when a number of students decided that there should be an ice hockey club at the university. The early sessions consisted of only a
12250086
Ophthalmic medical practitioner


An ophthalmic medical practitioner (OMP) is a medical practitioner. In the UK they are registered with a qualification in ophthalmology who is employed to carry out medical eye examinations and prescribe glasses, contact lenses, eyepatches and other orthoptic treatment. In order to work as an ophthalmic medical practitioner a doctor must be on the Central List of the Ophthalmic Qualifications Committee at the Royal College of Ophthalmologists. This is a statutory list that is administered by the British Medical Association. OMPs are often trainee ophthalmologists who work to supplement their income.
14379594
University of Scranton buildings and landmarks


Arts Building featured the "Pennant Room," a lounge that was decorated with pennants from other Jesuit colleges and universities. It was demolished in 1962 after the completion of St. Thomas Hall. In 1973, the University of Scranton acquired the Bradford House, formerly the Rose Apartment Building. Bradford House was named for Bradford County in Pennsylvania. Located in the Hill Section, the Bradford House was three-story apartment building which was converted into student apartments as part of an effort to accommodate the growing number of boarding students. Equipped
7815442
Seismic Unix


visit to SEP Einar introduced SY to Shuki Ronen, then a graduate student at Stanford. Ronen further developed SY from 1984 to 1986. Other students at SEP started to use it and contributed code and ideas. SY was inspired by much other software developed at SEP and benefited from the foundations laid by Claerbout and many of his students; Rob Clayton, Stew Levin, Dave Hale, Jeff Thorson, Chuck Sword, and others who pioneered seismic processing on Unix in the seventies and early eighties. In 1986, Shuki Ronen brought
18510115
Pasadena City College


recommended that all students meet with a counselor to develop a Student Educational Plan (SEP) (L104). In 2015, there were 425 full-time professors and 1,119 part-time professors. They are represented by the Academic Senate and the Faculty Association. There were 322 classified staff. There were a total of 77 administrators (managers, directors, supervisors, deans, vice-president and president), represented by the Management Association. Originally the printing program, this program has provided training in commercial printing, including
16405136
Orbit (anatomy)


vessel along the superior margin of the orbital canal that drains deoxygenated blood from surrounding musculature. The ophthalmic artery is a crucial structure in the orbit, as it is often the only source of collateral blood to the brain in cases of large internal carotid infarcts, as it is a collateral pathway to the circle of Willis. In addition, there is the optic canal, which contains the optic nerve, or cranial nerve II, and is formed entirely by the lesser wing of the sphenoid, separated from the supraorbital fissure by the
13135559
General Optical Council


The General Optical Council (GOC) is an organisation in the United Kingdom which maintains a register of opticians and regulates the services provided by dispensing opticians and optometrists (ophthalmic opticians). The stated function of the GOC is ""to protect the public and promote high standards of professional conduct and education amongst opticians"". In order to work as (dispensing) opticians or optometrists in the UK, individuals must demonstrate to the GOC that they are suitably qualified and fit to practise. The GOC also maintains a register of
21305721
Signet Armorlite


Signet Armorlite, Inc., an optical company owned by Essilor, recently celebrated its 60th anniversary since incorporation. The headquarters, U.S. distribution center and lens technology center, Signetek, are located in San Marcos, California. Glass lenses and molds are designed and produced at Crossbows Optical, a wholly owned subsidiary located in Northern Ireland. European product distribution is achieved through two distribution centers and four optical laboratories located in England, Germany, Spain, and the Netherlands. Signet Armorlite holds worldwide distribution for KODAK Lenses and is an Authorized Distributor
3796697
Sterling Optical


Sterling Optical is a franchised retail optical chain headquartered in New York, New York. Its parent company is Emerging Vision, whose CEO is Glenn Spina. Sterling Optical opened in 1914 with a single store in the financial district of New York City. In 1954, a second location opened in Washington, D.C. In 1966, Sterling Optical acquired IPCO, a retail optical chain in the northeastern United States. The chain grew to 20 stores by 1970 and to 65 by 1975. Over the next 5 years, the chain grew to
6598851
Optometer (ophthalmic instrument)


instruments containing an optometer (battery of lenses for determination of optical error), combined with prisms and other attachments for measuring binocularity. The term refractor is another such term, and "vision tester" or other descriptive terms are used because phoroptor, spelled with "-or", is actually a trademark of one company. In the middle of the 19th century, doctors tested for optical error using single hand-held lenses, held one at a time in front of the patient's eye, or in a trial frame.
5564776
New Mexico Wing Civil Air Patrol


and introduced new workbooks, films, training aids, and most important the techniques needed to revise and implement the new program. 1993, a middle school in Houston, Tx modified the Drug Demand Reduction program to incorporate into their school in an attempt to provide a program that would deter students from drugs and other behaviors and incorporate a better learning environment for underprivileged students and make aware the Aerospace Specialty fields available to them. 2006, National Headquarters officially recognized the School Enrichment Program (SEP) as a school affiliated program for grades
3706122
Bradford High School (Arkansas)


Bradford High School is a comprehensive public high school located in the rural, distant community of Bradford, Arkansas, United States. For the 2010–11 school year, the school provides secondary education for more than 200 students in grades 7 through 12 and serves as one of eight public high schools in White County, Arkansas. Founded in 1908, Bradford High School is accredited by the Arkansas Department of Education (ADE) and the assumed course of study follows the ADE Smart Core curriculum, which requires students complete at least 22 units prior
13198288
American Academy of Ophthalmology


The American Academy of Ophthalmology (Academy) is a professional medical association of ophthalmologists. It is headquartered in San Francisco, California. Its membership of 32,000 medical doctors includes more than 90 percent of practicing ophthalmologists in the United States as well as over 7,000 members abroad. The Academy's stated mission is "to protect sight and empower lives by serving as an advocate for patients and the public, leading ophthalmic education, and advancing the profession of ophthalmology." The academy has its origins in the American Academy of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology
10279961
Bradford


of the city centre. The Richard Dunn Sports Centre is located close to the Odsal and the sports facilities at the university are also open to the public at certain times. Bradford City Football Club was formed in 1903. James Whyte, a sub-editor of the "Bradford Observer" met with Football Association representative, John Brunt, in January to discuss plans, and in May, Manningham RFC, a rugby league team decided to change codes to association football. The Football League subsequently elected Bradford City to the league,
63640
Hyaloid artery


The hyaloid artery is a branch of the ophthalmic artery, which is itself a branch of the internal carotid artery. It is contained within the optic stalk of the eye and extends from the optic disc through the vitreous humor to the lens. Usually fully regressed before birth, its purpose is to supply nutrients to the developing lens in the growing fetus. During the tenth week of development in humans (time varies depending on species), the lens grows independent of a blood supply and the hyaloid artery usually regresses. Its proximal
1185176
Revlon


on as the exclusive photographer for the brand - another cosmetics industry first. In 1975, Charles Revson died. Michel Bergerac, whom Revson had hired as President of the company, continued to expand the company holdings. Revlon acquired Coburn Optical Industries, an Oklahoma-based manufacturer of ophthalmic and optical processing equipment and supplies. Barnes-Hind, the largest U.S. marketer of hard contact lens solutions, was bought in 1976 and strengthened Revlon's share of the eye-care market. Revlon purchased "Armour Pharmaceutical Company", a
15103006
Central retinal artery


The central retinal artery (retinal artery) branches off the ophthalmic artery, running inferior to the optic nerve within its dural sheath to the eyeball. It pierces the eyeball close to the optic nerve, sending branches over the internal surface of the retina, and these terminal branches are the only blood supply to the larger part of it. The central part of the retina where the light rays are focussed after passing through the pupil and the lens is a circular area called the macula. The center of this circular area is the
15678740
Southbridge, Massachusetts


work and live there; by the 1930s they had been joined by Poles, Greeks, Italians and others. Southbridge has a long history of manufacturing optical products, earning it the unofficial title "Eye of the Commonwealth", in reference to the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. Under the Wells family, the American Optical Company ("AO") became the world's largest manufacturer of ophthalmic products, and at its height employed more than 6,000 people around the world. Many of its workers were exempted from the draft during World War
16765562
Bradford Area High School


Bradford Area High School is a public high school providing grades 9-12. It is located in Bradford, Pennsylvania, in the north central region of the Commonwealth. The current principal is David Ray. In 2010 the enrollment was 941. The Pennsylvania Department of Education has projected enrollment will decline to 700 for the Class of 2020. The demographics of the students body are: 95% of the students are white, while 1% are black, 1% are Hispanic, 1% are Asian and 2% are American
11300059
General Lucius D. Clay National Guard Center


General Lucius D. Clay National Guard Center (formerly Naval Air Station Atlanta) is a military facility located south of Marietta, Georgia, United States. It is located immediately south of Dobbins Air Reserve Base and shares its runways. Before 1959, Naval Air Station Atlanta was located at what is now Peachtree Dekalb Airport, located northeast of Atlanta in Dekalb County. It operated until 26 SEP 2009 when the base closed its doors. The property is now owned by the state of Georgia as the new headquarters for the Georgia State Department
16732127
Bradford School (Pittsburgh)


68% of entering students graduated and 86% of all graduates were placed in jobs. Bradford grouped its twelve major areas of study into three main categories: Business, Technology, and Health Care. Bradford School was accredited by the Accrediting Commission of Career Schools and Colleges () to award diplomas and associate degrees. The Medical Assisting Program was accredited by the Commission on Accreditation of Allied Health Education Programs (CAAHEP, ). The Dental Assisting program is accredited by the Commission on Dental Accreditation () of the American Dental Association
372297
Puerto Rico Statehood Students Association


The Puerto Rico Statehood Students Association (PRSSA) is a Puerto Rican non-profit student organization dedicated to promoting statehood for Puerto Rico. Founded in 1979, the organization has grown to more than 5,000 members and 70 chapters at colleges and universities in over 20 states of the United States, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico. Its headquarters are located in San Juan, Puerto Rico. PRSSA promotes the participation of pro-statehood students in the political process, serves as a pro-statehood student think tank, leads
4749367
Byoungho Lee


distinguished journals in optics and photonics. He has received several distinguished academic awards such as Jinbojang Presidential Science Badge of Korea (Apr. 2016), the Academic Award of Seoul National University (Nov. 2013), and the Scientist of the Month Award of Korea (Sep. 2009). Current research interests of Byoungho Lee and his group at Seoul National University cover from system level to device level optical engineering. Along with long-time professions for holography, integral imaging, optical fibers, and plasmonics, now he and his group dedicate
1835800
Bradford University School of Management


business executives. Currently, the school has 1000 undergraduates, over 500 postgraduates on taught courses, 100 doctoral students in Bradford and a further 4500 across the world. The current establishment of the school is some 160 academic and support staff, including 18 professors. Additionally, the school has some 120 associate staff. The school has a range of programmes around the world, running programmes in Europe (with its associate institution NIMBAS in the Netherlands and Germany), the Middle East, China, India and Singapore. Some 2,000 students
1254675
Chromism


stimuli. Examples include: Color changes are also observed on the interaction of metallic nanoparticles and their attached ligands with another stimulus. Examples include plasmonic solvatochromism, plasmonic ionochromism, plasmonic chronochromism and plasmonic vapochromism. Commercial applications. Color change materials have been used in several very common outlets but also in an increasing number of new ones. Commercial applications include photochromics in ophthalmics, fashion/cosmetics, security, sensors, optical memory and optical switches, thermochromics in paints, inks, plastics and textiles as indicators/sensors and in architecture,
14436487
Ophthalmic artery


About 12.5mm (0.5 inch) posterior to the globe, the central retinal artery turns superiorly and penetrates the optic nerve continuing along the center of the optic nerve entering the eye to supply the inner retinal layers. The next branch of the OA is the lacrimal artery, one of the largest, arises just as the OA enters the orbit and runs along the superior edge of the lateral rectus muscle to supply the lacrimal gland, eyelids and conjunctiva. The OA then turns medially giving off 1 to 5 posterior ciliary arteries (
15678715
Herbert Wertheim


engineers at Cape Canaveral. Brain Power Incorporated, founded in 1971 by Wertheim, manufactures over 4,000 products for eye care professionals and optical laboratories at its facilities in Miami, Florida and Rugby, UK. It is the world's largest manufacturer of ophthalmic instruments, cosmetic and therapeutic tints for eyeglass lenses and diagnostic products for optometrists, ophthalmologists, opticians and optical laboratories. The company's business includes products for dyeing and tinting plastic eyeglass lenses; in 1983 it introduced ultraviolet-absorbing dyes. Wertheim is or has been a majority shareholder
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