Robert Stewart, 1st Marquess of Londonderry [SEP] child
Robert Stewart, 1st Marquess of Londonderry


Robert Stewart, 1st Marquess of Londonderry PC (Ire) (27 September 1739 – 6 April 1821), was an Irish politician and landowner, the father of politician Robert Stewart, Viscount Castlereagh. He is an ancestor of Winston Churchill. Robert Stewart was born in 1739, as the eldest son of Alexander Stewart, alderman of Londonderry (or Derry) in 1760, and Mary Cowan, daughter of John Cowan, also an alderman of that same town. Through his mother Robert was the nephew of Robert Cowan, the
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Alexander Robert Stewart


Alexander Robert Stewart (12 September 1795 – 25 March 1850) was an Irish landowner and Member of Parliament. He was the son of Alexander Stewart of Ards by his wife Lady Mary, daughter of Charles Moore, 1st Marquess of Drogheda. His uncle was Robert Stewart, 1st Marquess of Londonderry and he was first cousin to Robert Stewart, Viscount Castlereagh (Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs during the Napoleonic Wars and principal British diplomat at the Congress of Vienna) and Charles Vane, 3rd Marquess of Londonderry. He was elected
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Robert Stewart, 1st Marquess of Londonderry


took up. In 1816 he was created Marquess of Londonderry, due to the influence of his son, Lord Castlereagh. This title is again in the Peerage of Ireland. From 1801 until his death he was an Irish representative peer. He achieved the rare feat to rise from a commoner to a Marquess. Robert Stewart married twice. He married firstly in 1755 Lady Sarah Frances Seymour (27 September 1747 – 20 July 1770), daughter of Francis Seymour-Conway, 1st Marquess of Hertford. Together they had a son
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Marquess of Londonderry


Marquess of Londonderry, of the County of Londonderry ( ), is a title in the Peerage of Ireland. The title was created in 1816 for Robert Stewart, 1st Earl of Londonderry. He had earlier represented County Down in the Irish House of Commons. Stewart had already been created Baron Londonderry in 1789, Viscount Castlereagh, of Castlereagh in the County of Down, in 1795 and Earl of Londonderry, of the County of Londonderry, in 1796. These titles are also in the Peerage of Ireland. He was the son
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Alexander Stewart (1746–1831)


Alexander Stewart (26 March 1746 – August 1831) was an Irish landowner and Member of Parliament. He was the son of Alexander Stewart of Mount Stewart by his wife Mary, sister and heiress of Robert Cowan of Bombay. His elder brother was Robert Stewart, 1st Marquess of Londonderry. He was appointed High Sheriff of Donegal for 1791–92 and in 1800 was elected to the Irish Parliament as the MP for County Londonderry. On 1 July 1814 his nephew Sir Charles Stewart, the MP for County Londonderry, was raised to the
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Alexander Robert Stewart


to Parliament for Londonderry at the 1818 general election, succeeding his father, and sat until the 1830 general election and "supported [the Earl of Liverpool's Tory] government silently". He was appointed High Sheriff of Donegal for 1831. On 28 July 1825 he married Lady Caroline Pratt, daughter of John Jeffreys Pratt, 1st Marquess Camden. Her aunt Lady Frances Pratt was the second wife of the first Marquess of Londonderry and the mother of the third Marquess. Alexander Robert Stewart lived at the family estate of Ards House
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Robert Cowan (governor)


Robert Cowan (died 21 February 1737) was an Irish colonial administrator and the East India Company's Governor of Bombay from 1729 to 1734. He was a collateral ancestor of the Marquesses of Londonderry through the marriage of his sister, Mary Cowan, to Alexander Stewart, father of Robert Stewart, 1st Marquess of Londonderry. Cowan was descended from Ulster Scots Presbyterian stock, and his father, John Cowan, was an Alderman of the city of Derry. He entered the service of the East India Company some time before 1720 and
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Alistair Vane-Tempest-Stewart, 9th Marquess of Londonderry


Alexander Charles Robert "Alistair" Vane-Tempest-Stewart, 9th Marquess of Londonderry (7 September 1937 – 20 June 2012) was a British nobleman. The son of Robin Vane-Tempest-Stewart, 8th Marquess of Londonderry (1902–1955) and his wife, the former Romaine Combe (died 1951), Alexander Charles Robert Vane-Tempest-Stewart was known familiarly as "Alistair". When the 8th Marquess died in 1955, Alistair became the 9th Marquess at age 18. He renovated the family estate, Wynyard
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Amelia Stewart, Viscountess Castlereagh


Irish sportsman and Lady Castlereagh's uncle, was married to Louisa Lennox, daughter of Charles Lennox, 2nd Duke of Richmond, and one of the famous Lennox sisters. Caroline's mother, Anne Wentworth, was daughter of Thomas Wentworth, 1st Earl of Strafford. Emily Hobart married Robert Stewart, son of the Irish politician and landowner Robert Stewart, 1st Marquess of Londonderry, in 1794. Her husband used his courtesy title, "Viscount Castlereagh", from 1796 until 1821, when he succeeded to the marquessate on his father
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Robert Stewart, Viscount Castlereagh


his father's death in 1821, he succeeded as 2nd Marquess of Londonderry, a title to which his father had been raised in 1816. His younger half-brother, the soldier, politician and diplomat Charles Stewart (later Vane) succeeded him as 3rd Marquess of Londonderry in 1822. He is usually called Lord Castlereagh rather than Lord Londonderry because he held the former title so long and the latter title so briefly; furthermore to avoid confusion with his father, who also was Robert Stewart, Lord Londonderry. Robert Stewart was
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Robert Stewart, 1st Marquess of Londonderry


for the seat of County Down in the Parliament in Dublin, which he won. In 1795 he became Viscount Castlereagh. The following year he was elevated to Earl of Londonderry. His second son at this point also gained a seat in the Dublin Parliament. Robert Stewart and his two sons favoured the Act of Union and fought to have it presented once more after it had been turned down in 1799. As a result of the vote, Robert Stewart obtained a seat in the House of Lords in London, which he never
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Robin Vane-Tempest-Stewart, 8th Marquess of Londonderry


Edward Charles Stewart Robert Vane-Tempest-Stewart, 8th Marquess of Londonderry, DL (18 November 1902 – 17 October 1955) was a British peer and politician. Educated at Eton College, he was the only son of Charles Stewart Henry Vane-Tempest-Stewart, 7th Marquess of Londonderry and his wife, Edith Helen (née Chaplin). He worked as honorary attaché to the British Embassy in Rome and as a director of Londonderry Collieries, the family's coal mining company. A keen football fan, he was
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Frances Vane, Marchioness of Londonderry


Frances Anne Vane, Marchioness of Londonderry (17 January 1800 – 20 January 1865) was a wealthy English heiress and noblewoman. She was the daughter of Sir Henry Vane-Tempest, 2nd Baronet. She married Charles William Stewart, 1st Baron Stewart, who changed his surname to hers and became Charles William Vane. She became Marchioness in 1822 when Charles succeeded his half-brother as 3rd Marquess of Londonderry. Through her daughter Frances Anne, she is the great-grandmother of Winston Churchill. Frances Anne was the only child
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Robert Stewart, 1st Marquess of Londonderry


Company of 115 men to act as fencibles. When he lost his seat in 1783, he was appointed to the Irish Privy Council. In the same year he inherited his father's properties in counties Londonderry and Down and settled at Mount Stewart, in the grounds of which he completed the Temple of the Winds, which his father had commissioned. In 1789 he was created Baron Londonderry in the Peerage of Ireland. The following year he took his son (the future Viscount Castlereagh) out of Cambridge University and had him run
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Earl of Londonderry


Earl of the first creation. A member of the prominent Pitt family, he was the uncle of William Pitt, 1st Earl of Chatham. His younger son, the third Earl (who succeeded his elder brother), represented Camelford in Parliament. The titles became extinct on his death in 1765. The third creation came in 1796 in favour of Robert Stewart, 1st Viscount Castlereagh, already created Baron Londonderry in 1789. He was created Marquess of Londonderry in 1816. See the latter title for more information on this creation.
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Marquess of Londonderry


of Alexander Stewart, who had married Mary Cowan, sister and heiress of Robert Cowan, who gained great wealth as Governor of Bombay from 1729 to 1737. Alexander was from Ballylawn, a townland at the south-west corner of Inishowen in the north of County Donegal, a county located in the west of Ulster in the northern part of Ireland. However, much of the Stewart family wealth was based on the estates which came into the family through this marriage. The 1st Marquess was one of the few people to become
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Frederick Stewart, 4th Marquess of Londonderry


Frederick William Robert Stewart, 4th Marquess of Londonderry (1805–1872), styled Viscount Castlereagh between 1822 and 1854, was a British nobleman and Tory politician. He was briefly Vice-Chamberlain of the Household under Sir Robert Peel between December 1834 and April 1835. Frederick Stewart was born on 7 July 1805 at Grosvenor Square, Mayfair, London, the eldest son of Charles Stewart, by his first wife, Lady Catherine Bligh, daughter of John Bligh, 3rd Earl of Darnley. His mother died when he was seven and while
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Alexander Stewart (1699–1781)


Alexander Stewart (1699 – 22 April 1781) was an Irish landowner who grew rich by the Cowan inheritance. He is the father of Robert Stewart, the 1st Marquess of Londonderry. Alexander Stewart was born in the family home at Ballylawn, county Donegal, as the second son of Colonel William Stewart. He was born in 1699 or 1700. His mothers name seems not to be known. Debrett (1800) says that his mother was a daughter of William Stewart of Fort Stewart. His father. William Stewart, raised
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Robert Stewart, Viscount Castlereagh


he was a supporter of Lord Charlemont and his allies who called for greater independence from Britain. From the Act of Union of 1800, however, he sat in the British House of Lords as an Irish representative peer. In 1816 he was created Marquess of Londonderry by the Prince Regent. Stewart's mother, who died in childbirth when he was a year old, was Lady Sarah Frances Seymour-Conway, daughter of Francis Seymour-Conway, 1st Marquess of Hertford (a former British Ambassador to France (1764–65) and
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Mount Stewart


family (later Vane-Tempest-Stewart), holders of the title Marquess of Londonderry since 1816. The family bought the estate in 1744 with money acquired by Alexander Stewart (1699–1781). This new wealth came from the sales of materials like linen. At the time, the house was known as Mount Pleasant. Alexander Stewart's son, Robert Stewart, became the first Marquess of Londonderry. In about 1800 he added a temporary wing to the west. He died in 1821 leaving the house to his son, also
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Charles Vane, 3rd Marquess of Londonderry


1st Earl Camden, a leading English jurist. Charles was his father's second son. His half-brother from his father's first marriage was Robert Stewart, Viscount Castlereagh, who made a brilliant diplomatic and political career. He and his half-brother remained lifelong friends and wrote each other many letters. His half-brother's influence helped to make his father a Marquess and to launch and further Charles in his own diplomatic career. Charles Stewart entered the British Army on 3 April 1791 (at the age of 12
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Henry Hardinge, 1st Viscount Hardinge


-in-chief in July 1856, owing to failing health, and died on 24 September 1856 at South Park near Tunbridge Wells. There is a memorial to him at St John the Baptist, Penshurst. He is buried in the churchyard at St. Peter, Fordcombe. In 1821 he married Lady Emily Jane, seventh daughter of Robert Stewart, 1st Marquess of Londonderry. His elder son, Charles Stewart (1822–1894), who had been his private secretary in India, was the 2nd Viscount Hardinge. The younger son of
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Alistair Vane-Tempest-Stewart, 9th Marquess of Londonderry


Harrison, a stockbroker, and his Latvian-born wife Baroness Maria Koskull. Nicolette, Lady Londonderry, gave birth to two daughters: Lady Sophia (b. 23 February 1959) and Lady Cosima (b. 25 December 1961, who married Lord John Robert Somerset, third son of David Somerset, 11th Duke of Beaufort). She also gave birth to a son, Tristan, who was once but is no longer styled Viscount Castlereagh, as Lord Londonderry later proved that Tristan was not his biological child, but that of singer
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Charles Hardinge, 2nd Viscount Hardinge


Charles Stewart Hardinge, 2nd Viscount Hardinge (2 September 1822 – 28 July 1894), was a British Conservative politician. Hardinge was the son of Field Marshal Henry Hardinge, 1st Viscount Hardinge, and Lady Emily Jane, daughter of Robert Stewart, 1st Marquess of Londonderry. Hardinge was elected Member of Parliament for Downpatrick in 1851, a seat he held until 1856, when he succeeded his father in the viscountcy and entered the House of Lords. He held office as Under-Secretary of State for War from March 1858 to
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Charles Vane, 3rd Marquess of Londonderry


Lord Lieutenant of Durham in 1842 and the following year became Colonel of the 2nd Regiment of Life Guards. Queen Victoria finally made him a Knight of the Garter in 1853, and he died a year later at Londonderry House. His widow honoured him by the Londonderry Equestrian Statue in Durham. His son Frederick built Scrabo Tower near Newtownards as a monument to the memory of his father. He was succeeded as Marquess of Londonderry by Frederick Stewart, the only child from his first marriage, and as Earl Vane by George Vane,
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Robert Stewart, 1st Marquess of Londonderry


wealthy Governor of Bombay. His grandfather was Captain William Stewart, who commanded one of the two companies of Protestant soldiers that Derry admitted into town when Mountjoy was sent to Derry by Tyrconnell before the start of the siege. He was elected to the Irish House of Commons in 1771 as member for Down. Between 1775 and 1783 he lived in Bangor with his wife, while his father was living at Mount Stewart. In 1779, worried by the presence of American and French vessels in the Irish sea, he organised the Newtownards
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Charles Vane-Tempest-Stewart, 6th Marquess of Londonderry


between 1902 and 1905. A supporter of the Protestant causes in Ulster, he was an opponent of Irish Home Rule and one of the instigators of the formal alliance between the Conservative Party and the Liberal Unionists in 1893. Born Charles Vane-Tempest in London, UK, he was the eldest son of George Vane-Tempest, 5th Marquess of Londonderry, by Mary Cornelia, only daughter of Sir John Edwards, 1st Baronet, who lived primarily at Plas Machynlleth. He was the grandson of the third Marquess and the great
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Edward Law, 1st Earl of Ellenborough


"Minutes of Evidence taken before the Select Committee on Indian Territories" (June 1852); volume i. of the "Calcutta Review"; the "Friend of India", during the years 1842–1845; and John Hope, "The House of Scindea: A Sketch" (Longmans, 1863). The numerous books by and against Sir Charles Napier, on the conquest of Sind, should be consulted. Lord Ellenborough was married twice. He married firstly Lady Octavia Catherine, daughter of Robert Stewart, 1st Marquess of Londonderry
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Edward Michael Ward


came as secretary of embassy to St Petersburg and was thereupon nominated Minister Plenipotentiary to the Emperor of Russia ad interim until 1825. Subsequently, he was for one year in Vienna and became Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to the Court of Saxony in 1828, returning to England in 1832. On 14 September 1815, he married Lady Matilda Stewart, daughter of Robert Stewart, 1st Marquess of Londonderry, and had by her a daughter and a son. Ward died at Brighton, aged 43, a year after his father and only
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Frederick Stewart, 4th Marquess of Londonderry


obliged to retire because of these differences". Frederick Stewart married Lady Elizabeth Frances Charlotte Jocelyn, widow of Viscount Powerscourt and daughter of Robert Jocelyn, 3rd Earl of Roden, at the British Embassy in Paris on 2 May 1846. There were no children from the marriage. In 1855 his wife converted to Roman Catholicism. He succeeded his father in 1854 as the 4th Marquess of Londonderry. He built Scrabo Tower as a monument to the memory of his father. In 1857 he and his wife attended the ceremony of the laying
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Doreen Wells


still performs regularly. In March 2010, Wells took part in a retrospective of her career at the London Jewish Cultural Centre. Wells married Alistair Vane-Tempest-Stewart, 9th Marquess of Londonderry, son of the 8th Marquess of Londonderry and Romaine Combe, on 10 March 1972. Together, they have two sons: Frederick Vane-Tempest-Stewart, 10th Marquess of Londonderry (born 1972), and Lord Reginald Alexander Vane-Tempest-Stewart (born 1977). The couple divorced in 1989. However, Wells
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Thomas Wood (1777–1860)


Astlam in Middlesex. He married Lady Caroline Stewart, daughter of Robert Stewart, 1st Marquess of Londonderry; they had 4 sons and 2 daughters. His son Colonel Thomas Wood was MP for Middlesex. Wood commanded the Royal East Middlesex Regiment of Militia for fifty six years. In 1806 Wood was elected Member of Parliament (MP) for Breconshire. He held the seat until 1847. He was appointed High Sheriff of Breconshire for 1809–10. Wood and his wife enjoyed the friendship of members of the royal family. George IV visited
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Londonderry House


door as well, but at a later date. He subsequently joined the two so that the house became a double-fronted London mansion. The residence was purchased in 1819 by the 1st Baron Stewart, a British aristocrat, to serve as a home whilst the family stayed in London during the annual social season. Soon after the purchase, he began redecorating and spared no expense, as shown by his choice of architects: Benjamin Dean Wyatt and Philip Wyatt. In 1822, Lord Stewart became the 3rd Marquess of Londonderry.
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Market House, Newtownards


Market House in Newtownards, County Down, Northern Ireland, is a historic building. It was built between 1767 and 1771 by Robert Stewart, 1st Marquess of Londonderry to be the center of the market town, in lieu of the Newtownards Priory. It has served as a prison and as a town hall. It is currently the Ards Arts Centre and is also the home of the Ards Historical Society. It was built of Scrabo stone. Standing at the north end of Conway Square in Newtownards town centre, the Market House
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Baron Northbourne


served as Minister Plenipotentiary to the Netherlands. The latter was the father of the second Baronet, who was raised to the peerage in 1884. The Hon. Cuthbert James, second son of the second Baron, represented Bromley in the House of Commons as a Conservative between 1919 and 1930. The first Baron Northbourne was the grandson of Robert Stewart, 1st Marquess of Londonderry, making him first cousin twice removed of Sir Winston Churchill, who was the grandson of his first cousin Lady Frances Anne Emily Vane, Duchess of Marlborough.
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Charles Vane, 3rd Marquess of Londonderry


and remodelled by Ignatius Bonomi. The family also used their newfound wealth to redecorate their country seat in Ireland, Mount Stewart, and bought Holdernesse House on London's Park Lane, which they renamed Londonderry House. Lord Stewart succeeded his half-brother as 3rd Marquess of Londonderry in 1822. The following year he was created Earl Vane and Viscount Seaham, of Seaham in the County Palatine of Durham, with remainder to the heirs male of the body of his second wife. Governor of County Londonderry from 1823, Londonderry was appointed
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Charles Vane, 3rd Marquess of Londonderry


he died a year later in London. Charles Stewart was born on 18 May 1778 in Dublin where his father, Robert Stewart, was a member of the Irish House of Commons for Down since 1771. His father, Robert Stewart, was an important landowner in Ireland but not yet a nobleman at the time of Charles's birth. Robert Stewart was made a baron a year after his birth in 1789. His father married twice. Charles's mother was his father's second wife, Frances, daughter of Charles Pratt,
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Marquess of Londonderry


. Lord Londonderry was succeeded by his son, the 8th Marquess. He represented County Down in the House of Commons as a Conservative from 1931 to 1945. The heir apparent to the marquessate is styled "Viscount Castlereagh", although the Marquess is also the Earl Vane, and the heir apparent's heir apparent, when such exists, is styled "Lord Stewart" Between 1823 and 1854 and between 1872 and 1999, the Marquesses of Londonderry sat in the House of Lords as "The Earl Vane". Between 1822 and
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Charles Vane-Tempest-Stewart, 6th Marquess of Londonderry


Charles Stewart Vane-Tempest-Stewart, 6th Marquess of Londonderry, (16 July 1852 – 8 February 1915), styled Viscount Castlereagh between 1872 and 1884, was a British Conservative politician, landowner and benefactor, who served in various capacities in the Conservative administrations of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. After succeeding his father in the marquessate in 1884, he was Lord-Lieutenant of Ireland between 1886 and 1889. He later held office as Postmaster General between 1900 and 1902 and as President of the Board of Education
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Frances Vane, Marchioness of Londonderry


his own. In 1819 she married and became the second wife of Charles William Stewart, 1st Baron Stewart, who dutifully changed name and became Charles William Vane. In 1822 she became marchioness when her husband succeeded his half-brother Lord Castlereagh to become the 3rd Marquess of Londonderry. With her husband, she developed an extensive coal mining operation that included coal mines, a railroad, and docks at Seaham. She became an object of affection for Tsar Alexander I after he happened to see her engagement portrait by Sir Thomas Lawrence
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Robert Stewart, Viscount Castlereagh


for the political careers of both the elder Stewart and his elder son, subject of this article. By Frances Pratt, Stewart's father had ten children who survived to adulthood, including Stewart's half-brother, Charles William Stewart (later Vane), Baron Stewart of Stewart's Court and Ballylawn in County Donegal (1814) and 3rd Marquess of Londonderry (1822). In 1794, Stewart married Amelia (Emily) Hobart a daughter of John Hobart, 2nd Earl of Buckinghamshire, a former British Ambassador to Russia (
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Charles Vane-Tempest-Stewart, 7th Marquess of Londonderry


Council in 1918 and of the Imperial Privy Council in 1925 and appointed a Knight of the Garter in 1919. On 28 November 1899, Lord Londonderry married the Hon. Edith Helen Chaplin, eldest daughter of Henry Chaplin, 1st Viscount Chaplin, and Lady Florence Sutherland-Leveson-Gower (herself a daughter of the 3rd Duke of Sutherland) at St Peter's Church, Eaton Square and had issue: Lord Londonderry had an illegitimate daughter with actress Fannie Ward, named Dorothé Mabel Lewis [b.1900]. She first married,
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Ferndale, British Columbia


the early investors abandoned their properties. Apparently on speculation, Lord Londonderry had equally unwisely acquired a parcel of land . This would be Charles Vane-Tempest-Stewart, 6th Marquess of Londonderry (1852–1915), and Charles Vane-Tempest-Stewart, 7th Marquess of Londonderry (1878–1949). Arden Pickering, E.C. Perry and Fritz Bertschi appear to be the only bona fide Ferndale pioneers on the list. Leaving his family at Wardner, George Pickering took up a quarter section preemption in 1910, but died in 1913. The
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Charles Pratt, 1st Earl Camden


Lord Campbell and Sir William Holdsworth held Camden a great Lord Chancellor. By the 20th century, Camden's legal opinions were seen as subservient to Chatham's politics and Camden certainly followed the party line on Wilkes and America. However, his party loyalty was tempered by a self-serving interest in power. He served under five prime ministers and on two occasions clung to office after Chatham had resigned. In his last years he took a great interest in the career of Robert Stewart, 2nd Marquess of Londonderry, his daughter's
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Charles Vane-Tempest-Stewart, 7th Marquess of Londonderry


Charles Stewart Henry Vane-Tempest-Stewart, 7th Marquess of Londonderry, (13 May 1878 – 10 February 1949), styled Lord Stewart until 1884 and Viscount Castlereagh between 1884 and 1915, was a British peer and politician. He is best remembered for his tenure as Secretary of State for Air in the 1930s and for his 'understanding' of Nazi Germany in the 1930s. In 1935 he was removed from the Air Ministry but retained in the Cabinet as Lord Privy Seal and Leader of the House of Lords. His
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Marquess of Londonderry


1823 and between 1854 and 1872, they sat as "The Lord Stewart". The family seat was Mount Stewart near Newtownards, County Down, Northern Ireland. The other estates were the Wynyard Park estate in County Durham, Seaham Hall in County Durham, as well as Londonderry House on Park Lane in London (where the London Hilton hotel is now) and Plas Machynlleth in mid-Wales. The 4th Marquess did not inherit the Seaham viscountcy and Vane earldom as he was not issue by the 3rd Marquess' second wife
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Lady Annabel Goldsmith


County Durham. Lady Annabel Vane-Tempest-Stewart was born the daughter of Robin Vane-Tempest-Stewart, Viscount Castlereagh, who later became the 8th Marquess of Londonderry, and Romaine Combe, who was the daughter of Major Boyce Combe, from Surrey. She became Lady Annabel as a young girl in February 1949 when her father became Marquess on the death of his father, the famous Ulster Unionist politician the 7th Marquess of Londonderry. Her mother died of cancer in 1951, but the illness was kept a secret by
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Charles Vane-Tempest-Stewart, 7th Marquess of Londonderry


the Marquess in Northern Ireland and England. They came to Mount Stewart on 29 May – 2 June, and were at Wynyard Hall on 13–17 November, and for subsequent briefings with government officials in London. Between January 1936 and September 1938, Lord Londonderry made six visits to Nazi Germany, the first lasting for three weeks, but a seventh invitation previously accepted for March 1939 was abruptly declined by Londonderry following the Nazi occupation of Prague. During the first two visits, prior to the abdication of Edward VIII (whom the Nazis
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Mount Stewart


huge drawing room, smoking room, the Castlereagh Room and many of the guest bedrooms. She named the latter after European cities including Rome and Moscow. The last chatelaine of the house (and the last surviving child of the 7th Marquess), Lady Mairi Bury (née Vane-Tempest-Stewart, Dowager Viscountess Bury), gave the house and most of its contents to the National Trust in 1977. Lady Mairi was the last Londonderry family member to live at Mount Stewart, and the last member of this Anglo-
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Frederick Stewart, 4th Marquess of Londonderry


his father was serving in the army in the Peninsular War. Stewart was looked after by his uncle and aunt, Lord and Lady Castlereagh. He went to Eton in 1814, where he stayed until 1820. After his father succeeded to the marquessate of Londonderry in 1822, Frederick Stewart became known by the courtesy title Viscount Castlereagh, which was to be his title for 32 years until 1854. Lord Castlereagh sat as Member of Parliament for County Down from 1826 to 1852. He served under the Duke of Wellington as a Lord
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John Stewart, 1st Earl of Lennox


John Stewart, 1st Earl of Lennox (before 14308 Jul/11 Sep 1495) was known as Lord Darnley and later as the Earl of Lennox. Stewart was the son of Catherine Seton and Alan Stewart of Darnley, a direct descendant of Alexander Stewart, 4th High Steward of Scotland. His paternal grandmother was the daughter and co-heiress of Donnchadh, Earl of Lennox. Through his mother he was also a descendant of Thomas Randolph, 1st Earl of Moray, nephew of King Robert I of Scotland. Through his son Matthew Stewart
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Londonderry Island


Londonderry Island () is an island (UFI -889706) in the Magallanes Region at the western end of the Beagle Channel and Darwin Sound. The island was named by the captain of HMS Beagle, Robert FitzRoy, whose maternal grandfather was The 1st Marquess of Londonderry, an Ulster-Scots peer. The island is very irregularly shaped. It lies between Fitzroy Bay to the west and Bahía Cook to the east, and between the Pacific Ocean to the south and the Ballenero Channel and O'Brien Channel to the north. Nearby islands
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Robert Stewart, Viscount Castlereagh


Robert Stewart, 2nd Marquess of Londonderry, (18 June 1769 – 12 August 1822), usually known as Lord Castlereagh, derived from the courtesy title Viscount Castlereagh ( ) by which he was styled from 1796 to 1821, was an Anglo-Irish statesman. As British Foreign Secretary, from 1812 he was central to the management of the coalition that defeated Napoleon. He was the principal British diplomat at the Congress of Vienna. Castlereagh was also leader of the British House of Commons in the Liverpool government from 1812 until his
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Charles Vane-Tempest-Stewart, 6th Marquess of Londonderry


. They had two sons and one daughter. The second son, Lord Charles Stewart Reginald Vane-Tempest-Stewart, died in October 1899, aged 19. The daughter, Lady Helen, married the 6th Earl of Ilchester. Lady Londonderry had an affair with Harry Cust. Another of Cust's lovers, Gwladys, Countess de Grey, found Lady Londonderry's passionate love letters to Cust in his bedroom. In an act of jealousy and vengeance, she had a servant deliver those letters to Lord Londonderry. Thus, he
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Frederick Stewart, 4th Marquess of Londonderry


written to Giulia by Frederick Stewart, and the two men fought a duel on 16 June of that year. Lord Castlereagh was wounded in the wrist; the Count was uninjured. After the duel, Grisi left her husband and began an affair with Lord Castlereagh. Their son, George Frederick Ormsby (1838–1901), was born in November 1838 and brought up by his father. By 1852, he "had fallen out with his father, the 3rd Marquess of Londonderry over their views on the land question [and] was
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Robert Stewart, Viscount Castlereagh


: After the death of his father in 1821, Castlereagh became the 2nd Marquess of Londonderry. As a non-representative Irish peer, Londonderry was eligible to sit in the House of Commons though he had to leave his Irish seat and instead be elected to an English seat. In 1822, he began to suffer from a form of paranoia or a nervous breakdown. He was severely overworked with both his responsibilities in leading the government in the House and the never-ending diplomacy required to manage conflicts among the other major powers
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Theobald Jones


Beresford's pocket boroughs, but his offer was refused. Instead, their dilemma was resolved by events. Alexander Stewart retired, and the 3rd Marquess of Londonderry quietly supported the independent Sir Robert Bateson, who was well-placed to take Dawson's support. Dawson withdrew, and Wellington found him a seat in the English treasury borough of Harwich. The Beresfords had agonised over who they might choose as a candidate, seeking someone popular but wary of increasing the influence of a potential rival. Now with Dawson going and Londonderry accepting
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Newtownards


few miles outside Newtownards and near Greyabbey, stands Mount Stewart, an 18th-century house and garden – the home of the Londonderry family. The house and its contents reflect the history of the Londonderrys who played a leading role in British social and political life. The ninety-eight acre garden at Mount Stewart has been proposed as a UNESCO world heritage site. Largely created by Dame Edith Vane-Tempest-Stewart, Marchioness of Londonderry, wife of the 7th Marquess, in the 1920s, it has an unrivaled collection of
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Nicolette Vane-Tempest-Stewart, Marchioness of Londonderry


Nicolette Elaine Katherine Vane-Tempest-Stewart, Marchioness of Londonderry, formerly Nicolette Harrison, later Nicolette Powell (1941 – 13 August 1993), was the first wife of Alistair Vane-Tempest-Stewart, 9th Marquess of Londonderry, and later the wife of musician Georgie Fame. Nicolette, often called "Nico" for short, was the daughter of stockbroker Michael Harrison and his wife, the former Maria Madeleine Benita von Koskull, a Latvian baroness. She was a debutante, one of the last to be presented to
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Charles Vane-Tempest-Stewart, 6th Marquess of Londonderry


the original and additional surname of Stewart by Royal licence. He was returned to parliament as one of two representatives for Down in 1878, a seat he held until 1884, when he succeeded his father in the marquessate and entered the House of Lords. After the Conservatives came to power in 1886 under Lord Salisbury, Lord Londonderry was sworn of the Privy Council and appointed Lord-Lieutenant of Ireland. This was a time of difficulties in Ireland. Gladstone's first Home Rule Bill had just been rejected by parliament and national feelings
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Robin Vane-Tempest-Stewart, 8th Marquess of Londonderry


first a director and then chairman of Arsenal from 1939 to 1946. A portrait of him painted in 1911 as a pageboy at the coronation of King George V and Queen Mary by Philip de Laszlo hangs at Mount Stewart, County Down, the Londonderry ancestral seat in Northern Ireland. Known formally by his courtesy title Viscount Castlereagh and as Robin by friends and family, he was an accomplished public speaker and was Unionist MP for County Down in the House of Commons from 1931 to 1945. He succeeded his father as Marquess in 1949
18090456
John Candlish


fine ships" but made little profit. In 1851, he returned to publishing by founding "Sunderland News" and was a secretary at the Sunderland Gas Company. A turning point came to Candlish's career in 1855 when he acquired the lease of Seaham Bottle Works at Seaham harbour with his childhood friend, Robert Greenwell. He later bought out his partner and patronage was given by nearby resident Frederick Stewart, 4th Marquess of Londonderry and the works renamed Londonderry Bottle Works, becoming the largest bottling business in Europe. Candlish purchased a
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Charles Vane-Tempest-Stewart, 6th Marquess of Londonderry


is just that--a story. Londonderry died of pneumonia at Wynyard Park, County Durham, in February 1915, aged 62, with his wife at his bedside. In a letter dated 13 February 1915 (at Durham County Record Office, in the Londonderry Archive) written from Wynyard Park, the grieving Lady Londonderry wrote to her grandson Robin, Lord Stewart, at his school, as follows: "I was so glad to get your darling little letter...You can imagine what it is for me to lose Darling Pa
14391179
Frederick Stewart, 4th Marquess of Londonderry


of the foundation stone. In 1862 Londonderry was diagnosed as mentally ill. He was secluded in an mental institution at White Rock Pavillion in Hastings. He died there on 25 November 1872, aged 67 and was buried in the Newtownards Priory. His wife, the dowager Marchioness of Londonderry died on 2 September 1884, aged 70, and was buried with him in the double grave in Newtownards Priory. As he had no legitimate children, he was succeeded in the marquessate by his half-brother, George Vane-Tempest,
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Georgie Fame


Londonderry, the former wife of the 9th Marquess. Lady Londonderry had given birth to one of Fame's children during her marriage to the marquess; the child, Tristan, bore the courtesy title Viscount Castlereagh and was believed to be heir to the marquisate. When tests determined the child was Fame's, the Londonderrys divorced. The couple had another son, James, during their marriage. Nicolette Powell died on 13 August 1993, after jumping off the Clifton Suspension Bridge. In an interview before her death, Fame said that
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1826 United Kingdom general election


. The Tory leader was the Earl of Liverpool, who had been Prime Minister since his predecessor's assassination in 1812. Liverpool had led his party to three general election victories before that of 1826. The Tory Leader of the House of Commons until 1822, when he committed suicide, was Robert Stewart. He was known by the courtesy title of Viscount Castlereagh, until he inherited his father's Irish peerage and became the 2nd Marquess of Londonderry in 1821. Londonderry was replaced as leader by George Canning, who remained Leader of
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Charles Vane-Tempest-Stewart, 7th Marquess of Londonderry


assessed as a supporter of their party), Londonderry was considered an aristocrat of real influence by Hitler. The friendly regard in which the Marquess was held in Berlin was reflected in Hitler indiscreetly informing his guest, in October 1936, of his intended moves both on Czechoslovakia and Poland years before two invasions happened. Although Londonderry immediately passed this information regarding Hitler's indicated future direction of German policy on to a member of the British Government, via a letter to Lord Halifax on 24 December 1936, rearmament was not notably accelerated in
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Marquess of Londonderry


Camden. He was a General in the Army and like his elder half-brother a prominent politician and diplomat. Lord Londonderry served as Under-Secretary of State for War and the Colonies from 1807 to 1809, fought in the Napoleonic Wars and was Ambassador to Austria from 1814 to 1823. In 1814 he was created Baron Stewart, of Stewart's Court and Ballylawn in County Donegal, in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. In 1819 Londonderry married as his second wife Lady Frances Anne Vane-Tempest (died 1865)
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Robert FitzRoy


was Augustus Henry FitzRoy, 3rd Duke of Grafton. His mother, Lady Frances Stewart, was the daughter of the first Marquess of Londonderry and the half-sister of Viscount Castlereagh, who became Foreign Secretary. From the age of four, Robert FitzRoy lived with his family at Wakefield Lodge, their Palladian mansion in Northamptonshire. Robert's half-brother Sir Charles FitzRoy later served as Governor of New South Wales, Governor of Prince Edward Island and Governor of Antigua. In February 1818 at the age of 12, FitzRoy entered
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Charles Vane-Tempest-Stewart, 6th Marquess of Londonderry


-nephew of the second Marquess, better known as the statesman Lord Castlereagh. To mark his 21st birthday, the people of Machynlleth erected a clock tower in the centre of the town. George Spencer-Churchill, 8th Duke of Marlborough and his brother Lord Randolph Churchill were his first cousins. He was educated at Eton, the National University of Ireland and Christ Church, Oxford. He became known by the courtesy title of Viscount Castlereagh when his father succeeded to the marquessate of Londonderry in 1872. In 1885, he assumed
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George Vane-Tempest, 5th Marquess of Londonderry


George Henry Robert Charles William Vane-Tempest, 5th Marquess of Londonderry KP (26 April 1821 – 6 November 1884), styled Viscount Seaham between 1823 and 1854 and known as The Earl Vane between 1854 and 1872, was a British aristocrat, businessman, diplomat and Conservative politician. Born George Vane, he was the eldest son of Charles Vane, 3rd Marquess of Londonderry, by his second wife Frances Anne, daughter and heiress of Sir Henry Vane-Tempest, 2nd Baronet. He was the nephew of the second Marquess
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Robert Stewart, Viscount Castlereagh


born in Henry Street, Dublin, in 1769 the son of Robert Stewart (1739–1821) of Newtownards and Comber in County Down, with properties in Counties Donegal and Londonderry. The family seat was Mount Stewart, County Down. His father, the elder Robert Stewart, was an Irish politician and prominent Ulster landowner He was created Baron Londonderry in 1789, Viscount Castlereagh in 1795, and Earl of Londonderry in 1796 by King George III. In 1771 he was elected in the Whig interest to the Irish House of Commons, where
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Frances Anne Spencer-Churchill, Duchess of Marlborough


, including George Vane-Tempest, 5th Marquess of Londonderry, and two younger sisters. She had an older half-brother Frederick Stewart, 4th Marquess of Londonderry, by her father's first marriage to Lady Catherine Bligh. On 12 July 1843 at St. George Street, Mayfair, Lady Frances married John Spencer-Churchill, Marquess of Blandford. Upon her marriage she was styled Marchioness of Blandford. The couple made their principal home at the Spencer-Churchill family seat of Blenheim Palace in Woodstock, Oxfordshire. The marriage produced
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Robert Stewart, Viscount Castlereagh


of unanimity projected in the radical press. A funeral monument was not erected until 1850 by his half-brother and successor, Charles Stewart Vane, 3rd Marquess of Londonderry. Some time after Castlereagh's death, Lord Byron wrote a savage quip about his grave: And yet, some of Castlereagh's political opponents were gracious in their epigrams. Henry Brougham, a Whig politician and later the Lord Chancellor, who had battled frequently with Castlereagh, once almost to the point of calling him out, and had denigrated his skills as
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Edith Vane-Tempest-Stewart, Marchioness of Londonderry


she gave the gardens to the National Trust in 1957. They are regarded by Heritage Island as being one of the best gardens in the British Isles. Lady Londonderry wrote and/or edited several books, among which are: A number of gifts received by Lady Londonderry from Queen Mary, Sir Philip Sassoon and others were auctioned at Sotheby's in 2012. She had five children: On the death of the 7th Marquess, in 1949, Lady Londonderry became "Dowager Marchioness of Londonderry". One of Lady Londonderry's grandchildren, Annabel
10772625
Mount Stewart


, Plas Machynlleth in Wales, and his son, the 6th Marquess, lived at Wynyard. These long periods of neglect nearly destroyed Mount Stewart. The 7th Marquess (1878–1949), a well-known Ulster Unionist politician, and his wife brought a new lease of life to the house and its plain grounds. The Marchioness of Londonderry's ancestral home was Dunrobin Castle in Scotland and it was that house's gardens which inspired the Mount Stewart's. She also redesigned and redecorated much of the interior, for example, the
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Mount Stewart


Robert, better known as Viscount Castlereagh, one of Britain's most famous Foreign Secretaries. Castlereagh lived in Mount Stewart during his childhood until he went to University in Cambridge. Lord Castlereagh inherited his father's title only a year before his own death. The next owner of the house was his half-brother, Charles, 3rd Marquess of Londonderry (1778–1854). He married twice but it was his later marriage which increased the family's finances greatly. His second wife was Lady Frances Anne Vane-Tempest. She was
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Charles Vane, 3rd Marquess of Londonderry


a diplomatic career. He was posted to Berlin in 1813, and then as Ambassador to Austria, where his half-brother was the British plenipotentiary at the Congress of Vienna. He married Lady Catherine Bligh in 1804 and then Lady Frances Anne Vane, a rich heiress, in 1819, changing his surname to hers, thus being called Charles Vane instead of Charles Stewart from there on. He succeeded his half-brother as 3rd Marquess of Londonderry in 1822. He was made a Knight of the Garter in 1853, and
19311204
Mount Stewart


' was added to the other side. The marriage also brought in much of the Vane-Tempest property, including land. Wynyard Park, County Durham was redesigned in the Neo-classical style. The couple bought Seaham Hall, also in County Durham, and then later bought Holdernesse House on London's Park Lane. This was later renamed Londonderry House. The 4th Marquess of Londonderry married the widow of Viscount Powerscourt and lived at her home, Powerscourt, near Dublin. The 5th Marquess lived at his wife's ancestral property
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Theobald Jones


10s/6d per day. He retired from the navy in 1848, but was promoted to rear admiral in 1855, vice admiral in 1862, and full admiral in 1865. Jones's native County Londonderry was a largely Protestant area, a legacy of the 17th-century Plantation of Ulster. In the early 19th-century its politics were dominated by two powerful land-owning families: the Marquess of Waterford's Beresford family, and the Marquess of Londonderry's Stewart family (known from 1746 to 1789 by their former title Earl of
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Marquess of Londonderry


and played an important role at the Congress of Vienna of 1814 to 1815. He committed suicide in 1822, one year after succeeding his father in the marquessate. The 2nd Marquess did not follow his father as a Representative Peer into the House of Lords, this permitted him to continue fulfilling his roles in the House of Commons. Castlereagh was succeeded by his half-brother, the 3rd Marquess. He was the only son from the 1st Marquess's second marriage to Lady Frances Pratt, daughter of Charles Pratt, 1st Earl
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Charles Vane-Tempest-Stewart, 7th Marquess of Londonderry


main record at the Air Ministry included: The eldest son of The 6th Marquess of Londonderry and Lady Theresa Susey Helen, daughter of The 19th Earl of Shrewsbury, he was educated at Eton College and at the Royal Military College, Sandhurst. His father's family were of partial East Donegal Ulster-Scots descent. On 22 May 1895, Lord Castlereagh was appointed a second lieutenant in the 2nd (Seaham) Durham Artillery Volunteer Corps, a corps within the Volunteer Force attached to the Royal Garrison Artillery (Western Division) and
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Family of Imran Khan


Vane-Tempest-Stewart (daughter of Henry Chaplin) respectively, maternal grandfather was the 8th Marquess of Londonderry, while her maternal uncle was the late 9th Marquess of Londonderry. Jemima has two younger brothers, Zac Goldsmith and Ben Goldsmith, and five paternal and three maternal half-siblings, including Robin Birley and India Jane Birley. Reham's parents, Dr. Nayyar Ramzan and his wife, moved to Libya in the late 1960s, where Reham was born in Ajdabiya in 1973. Reham has two sisters and a brother.
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Charles Vane-Tempest-Stewart, 7th Marquess of Londonderry


involve himself in the General Strike of 1926, playing the role of a moderate mine owner, a stance made easier for him by the relative success of the Londonderry mines in County Durham. His performance earned him high praise, and along with the Londonderrys' role as leading political hosts, he was rewarded by Prime Minister Stanley Baldwin with a seat in the Cabinet in 1928 as First Commissioner of Works. Londonderry was invited to join the emergency National Government under Prime Minister Ramsay MacDonald and Lord President Baldwin in 1931. This was
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Charles Vane-Tempest-Stewart, 7th Marquess of Londonderry


Britain at this point. In the end, Londonderry's high-profile promotion of Anglo-German friendship marked him with a far greater slur than that which had led him to engage in appeasement in the first place. Under attack from anti-Nazis inside and outside Westminster, Lord Londonderry attempted to explain his position by publishing "Ourselves and Germany" in March 1938. Then, after the Munich agreement, in October 1938, Londonderry wrote in a letter that he was aware that Hitler was "gradually getting back to the
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Charles Vane-Tempest-Stewart, 6th Marquess of Londonderry


to 1897, Londonderry was Chairman of the London School Board. He returned to the government in April 1900, when Salisbury made him Postmaster General, and became a member of the cabinet in November of that year. After Arthur Balfour became prime minister in August 1902, Londonderry became President of the Board of Education. In this role he oversaw the Education Act 1902. Between 1903 and 1905, he was also Lord President of the Council. The Unionists fell in December 1905, and Londonderry subsequently focused mostly on Irish affairs.
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Plas Machynlleth


Plas Machynlleth was the Welsh residence of the Marquesses of Londonderry. It is situated in the market town of Machynlleth in Powys (formerly Montgomeryshire), Wales. It was brought into the family by the marriage of George Henry Robert Charles William Vane-Tempest, Viscount Seaham (and subsequently Earl Vane and 5th Marquess of Londonderry), to Mary Cornelia Edwards, whose father Sir John Edwards had extended and renamed the house. It is a Grade II* listed building. The house was the family home of the 5th Marquess.
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Charles Vane-Tempest-Stewart, 6th Marquess of Londonderry


Durham. On 24 June 1869, just before his 17th birthday, he was commissioned as Major in the 2nd (Seaham) Durham Artillery Volunteer Corps a part-time unit commanded by his father and recruited mainly from the family's Seaham Colliery. (On the same day his 15-year-old younger brother was commissioned as a 1st Lieutenant; their uncle also served in the unit.) He succeeded his father in command in 1876 and was still in command of the unit when it transferred to the Territorial Force in 1908 as
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Jemima Goldsmith


Jemima Marcelle Goldsmith is the eldest child of Lady Annabel Vane-Tempest-Stewart and financier Sir James Goldsmith (1933–1997). Her mother is from an aristocratic Anglo-Irish family, the daughter of the Marquess of Londonderry. Her father was the son of luxury hotel tycoon and former Conservative Member of Parliament (MP) Major Frank Goldsmith, who was a member of the prominent Goldsmith family, which is of German Jewish ancestry. Her paternal grandmother was French. Her parents had a polyamorous relationship in which they were married to
3364232
Max Rayne


b. 1943), Susan Ann (b. 1945) and Robert Anthony (b. 1949). Rayne and his wife divorced in 1960 and on 2 June 1965, he married Lady Jane Vane-Tempest-Stewart (a daughter of the 8th Marquess of Londonderry and sister of Lady Annabel Goldsmith) and they had four children: Natasha Deborah (b. 1966), Nicholas Alexander (b. 1969), Tamara Annabel (b. 1970) and Alexander Philip (b. 1973). As Rayne had judged, the opportunities offered in the
10103194
English name


by a hyphen or hyphens, for example Henry Hepburne-Scott, with some families having as many as three or four words making up their surname, such as Charles Hepburn-Stuart-Forbes-Trefusis, 21st Baron Clinton and Alexander Charles Robert Vane-Tempest-Stewart, 9th Marquess of Londonderry. However, it is not unusual for compound surnames to be composed of separate words not linked by a hyphen, for example Iain Duncan Smith, a former leader of the Conservative Party, whose surname is "Duncan Smith"
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Charles Vane-Tempest-Stewart, 7th Marquess of Londonderry


the cause of some scandal as MacDonald's many critics accused the erstwhile Labour leader of being too friendly with Edith, Lady Londonderry. When the National Government won the 1931 General Election he returned to the Cabinet as Secretary of State for Air (Londonderry held a pilot's licence). This position became increasingly important during his tenure, not least due to the deliberations of the League of Nations Disarmament Conference at Geneva. Londonderry toed the British government's equivocal line on disarmament, but opposed in Cabinet any moves that would risk the
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Londonderry House


Londonderry House was an aristocratic townhouse situated on Park Lane in the Mayfair district of London, England. The house served as the London residence of the Marquesses of Londonderry. It remained their home until it was sold to the Hilton Hotel group in the 1960s and demolished. Holdernesse House, later Londonderry House, was designed by Athenian Stuart for Robert Darcy, 4th Earl of Holderness in the period c. 1760–5, with ceilings based on Robert Wood's "Ruins of Palmyra". The Earl is thought to have acquired the building next
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Charles Vane-Tempest-Stewart, 7th Marquess of Londonderry


deterrent value of the Royal Air Force. For this he was attacked by Clement Attlee and the Labour Party, and thus became a liability to the National Government. In the spring of 1935 he was removed from the Air Ministry but retained in the Cabinet as Lord Privy Seal and Leader of the House of Lords. Combined with his role as a leading member of the Anglo-German Fellowship, he attracted the popular nickname of "Londonderry Herr". The sense of hurt Lord Londonderry felt at this, and of accusations that
12857424
Gwladys, Lady Delamere


and Muriel Helen Florence Paget. Muriel was a granddaughter of Henry Paget, 2nd Marquess of Anglesey. In 1901 she was photographed with her mother for a full page in "Tatler". In 1902 it was reported that she had been bridesmaid to Lady Helen Stewart (daughter of Charles Vane-Tempest-Stewart, 6th Marquess of Londonderry), who married Giles Fox-Strangways, 6th Earl of Ilchester. In 1903, she was bridesmaid for Mary Willoughby, who was marrying Arthur Ramsay, 14th Earl of Dalhousie. She
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Vane-Tempest baronets


Royal licence the additional surname of Tempest in accordance with his uncle's will. Vane-Tempest represented both the city and county of Durham in Parliament and was a well-known sportsman. He married Anne MacDonnell, 2nd Countess of Antrim. They had one child Lady Frances Anne, who married Lord Charles Stewart, later 3rd Marquess of Londonderry, who assumed the surname of Vane in lieu of his patronymic. Vane-Tempest died in 1813 when the baronetcy became extinct. Sir Henry Vane-Tempest, 2nd Baronet, was
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Granville Leveson-Gower, 1st Earl Granville


Granville Leveson-Gower, 1st Earl Granville, (12 October 1773 – 8 January 1846), styled Lord Granville Leveson-Gower from 1786 to 1815 and Viscount Granville from 1815 to 1833, was a British Whig statesman and diplomat from the Leveson-Gower family. Granville was the second son and youngest child of Granville Leveson-Gower, 1st Marquess of Stafford from his marriage to Lady Susanna Stewart, daughter of Alexander Stewart, 6th Earl of Galloway. His elder, paternal half-brother was George Leveson-Gower,
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Mount Stewart


Mount Stewart is a 19th-century house and garden in County Down, Northern Ireland, owned by the National Trust. Situated on the east shore of Strangford Lough, a few miles outside the town of Newtownards and near Greyabbey, it was the Irish seat of the Vane-Tempest-Stewart family, Marquesses of Londonderry. The house and its contents reflect the history of the Vane-Tempest-Stewart family, who played a leading role in British and Irish social and political life. Mount Stewart was formed by the Stewart
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Lewis Strange Wingfield


Lewis Strange Wingfield (1842–1891) was an Irish traveller, actor, writer, and painter. The third and youngest son of Richard Wingfield, 6th Viscount Powerscourt, by his wife, Lady Elizabeth Frances Charlotte, eldest daughter of Robert Jocelyn, 3rd Earl of Roden, he was born on 25 February 1842, and educated at Eton College and Bonn University. He was intended for the army, but gave up the career at the request of his mother, after her second marriage to Frederick Stewart, 4th Marquess of Londonderry the
9788281
George Spencer-Churchill, 8th Duke of Marlborough


of Lord Randolph Churchill and the uncle of Winston Churchill. His paternal grandparents were George Spencer-Churchill, 6th Duke of Marlborough, and Lady Jane Stewart, daughter of Admiral George Stewart, 8th Earl of Galloway. His maternal grandparents were Charles Vane, 3rd Marquess of Londonderry and Frances Vane, Marchioness of Londonderry. Like his father before him, he was educated at Eton College between 1857 and 1860. Marlborough joined the British Army, gaining the rank of Lieutenant in 1863 in the service of the Royal Horse Guards. He
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