Syngonanthus nitens [SEP] taxon rank
Syngonanthus nitens


Syngonanthus nitens is a grass-like species of Eriocaulaceae which exists in the region of Jalapão, state of Tocantins, Brazil - the region is part of the Brazilian cerrado. Its main characteristic is the bright and gold color, hence their common name "capim dourado", which literally means "golden grass". The making of handicrafts from "S. nitens" began in Jalapão, in the Afro-Brazilian community of Mumbuca in the municipality of Mateiros. Indigenous people, probably from the Xerente ethnic group, taught the art
7820117
Syngonanthus nitens


to local inhabitants when passing through the region around the 1930s. The handicrafts are made of coils of "S. nitens" scapes sewn tightly together with strips from the Moriche Palm's ("Mauritia flexuosa") young leaves. For decades the handicrafts were only made by women for household uses and/or sporadic selling. Today, there are at least 12 local community associations. The handicrafts are usually sold in small shops of local artisan associations. "Syngonanthus nitens"' flowering starts in July and seeds are produced from the beginning of
7820118
Syngonanthus nitens


September through October. The Tocantins State Government, through its Environmental Agency (Naturatins), established a regional law (Portaria 55/2004 and 092/2005) allowing scape harvesting only after September 20, and requiring flowerhead cutting and dispersal in the grassland areas just after scape harvesting. This regional law can be an efficient tool for contributing to the sustainability of S. nitens handicraft activities. Schmidt, I. B.; Figueiredo, I. B.; Sampaio, M. B. 2007. "Capim dourado e buriti: práticas para garantir a sustentabilidade do artesanato".
7820119
Jalapão State Park


. Most of the park is in the upper basin of the Do Sono River, including the Novo, Soninho and Do Sono rivers. This in turn is part of the Araguaia - Tocantins basin. The park contains dry and wet grassland, "campo sujo", strict cerrado, sparse dune vegetation, cerradão, gallery forest, riparian forest and semi-deciduous lacustrine vegetation. Rare species include Annona coriacea, Attalea eichleri, Chamaecrista oligosperma, Ditassa acerosa, Guettarda vibournoidese and Xylopia aromatica. Economically useful plants include Syngonanthus nitens,
10251294
Serra Geral do Tocantins Ecological Station


"golden grass" "capim-dourado" (Syngonanthus nitens) and the Buriti palm (Mauritia flexuosa), species that suffer from great extractive pressure in the microregion of Jalapão. Birds include parrots, toucans, emus, buzzards, blue macaws, Merganser, Inhambu-Carapé and sharp-tailed grass tyrant. The veery (Catharus fuscescens) of North America lives in the unit in from November to February. Nine endemic species of bird have been found. Large-billed antwren (Herpsilochmus longirostris), helmeted manakin (
19824138
Serra Geral do Tocantins Ecological Station


is closed to the public. It is one of the core areas of the Cerrado Biosphere Reserve, and is part of the Jalapão ecological corridor. The corridor includes the Jalapão State Park, which covers the Espírito Santo dunes and mountains. The local population is generally very poor, depending on subsistence farming and cattle raising, and the sale of golden grass (Syngonanthus nitens). Due to the irregular land ownership situation, as of 2005 the area suffered badly from illegal burning to create new pasturage for cattle. Burning is also
19824142
Verticordia nitens


, 1935, the earliest impression of this work. Besides the illustration given to every taxon's description in Elizabeth George's book on the genus by Margaret Pieroni, this species was selected with the 200 plants she painted for "Discovering Wildflowers of Western Australia" in 1983. "Verticordia nitens" is commonly dried or preserved, with uses in a variety of arts and crafts, their exquisite arrangement of flowers and leaves being set in resin, as topiary trees, or decoration of cake. Flowering stems are readily available and easily
11633600
Callicephalus


Callicephalus is a monotypic genus of flowering plants in the aster family, Asteraceae, containing the single species Callicephalus nitens. It is native to the middle and low mountains of the Caucasus, where it has been recorded in Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Russia, and Turkey. The genus is considered part of the "Rhaponticum" group in the Asteraceae tribe Cynareae, but according to molecular analyses it has no close relatives. Its isolation in the phylogeny of the tribe suggests it is a relict taxon, one of many relict plants
20357977
Gosho Motoharu


Gosho Motoharu (; 1919 – October 27, 2012) was a prominent Japanese master of the martial arts, koryu budō or kobudō. The Shihan (master), of the schools Niten Ichi Ryu (created by the famous rōnin Miyamoto Musashi) and Sekiguchi Ryu, Gosho Motoharu was awarded the rank of Menkyo kaiden, in both schools. He was also an iaido Hachidan (8th Dan) and kendo Nanadan (7th Dan). Gosho Motoharu was a close disciple of the 8th Soke (headmaster) of the Niten Ichi Ryu
14297078
Taxonomic rank


not to say that a taxon at any other rank may not be sharply defined, or that any species is guaranteed to be sharply defined. It varies from case to case. Ideally, a taxon is intended to represent a clade, that is, the phylogeny of the organisms under discussion, but this is not a requirement. A classification in which all taxa have formal ranks cannot adequately reflect knowledge about phylogeny. Since taxon names are dependent on ranks in traditional Linnaean systems of classification, taxa without ranks cannot be
17667712
Alexgeorgea


R. nitens" and discovered that the alleged above ground fruits were actually malformations possibly resulting from smut fungus. Both Johnson & Briggs and Carlquist independently published the new combination, moving the species "R. nitens" to the genus "Alexgeorgea" as "A. nitens". In Carlquist's proposal, he identified "A. arenicola" a synonym of the older name "A. nitens", which had priority. Johnson and Briggs published their description of "A. nitens" in the journal "Telopea" on April 24, preceding Carlquist
14011953
Form (botany)


In botanical nomenclature, a form ("forma", plural "formae") is one of the "secondary" taxonomic ranks, below that of variety, which in turn is below that of species; it is an infraspecific taxon. If more than three ranks are listed in describing a taxon, the "classification" is being specified, but only three parts make up the "name" of the taxon: a genus name, a specific epithet, and an infraspecific epithet. The abbreviation "f." or the
7125380
Gosho-ha Hyōhō Niten Ichi-ryū


The was one of the branches of the Niten Ichi-ryū, the Kenjutsu school created by Miyamoto Musashi, under the supervision of Gosho Motoharu, Shihan of the 9th generation. Since April 2007 was reintegrated with the seito (main line) under Yoshimoti Kiyoshi, 12th successor of Hyōhō Niten Ichi-ryū and 10th successor of Gosho-ha Hyōhō Niten Ichi-ryū. After the creation by Miyamoto Musashi, it is believed that the branch "Santô-ha" of the Hyōhō Niten Ichi-ryū kept unchanged the techniques
13679281
Infraspecific name


In botany, an infraspecific name is the scientific name for any taxon below the rank of species, i.e. an infraspecific taxon. (A "taxon", plural "taxa", is a group of organisms to be given a particular name.) The scientific names of botanical taxa are regulated by the "International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants" (ICN). This specifies a 'three part name' for infraspecific taxa, plus a 'connecting term' to indicate the rank of the name
20320028
Taxon


In biology, a taxon (plural taxa; back-formation from "taxonomy") is a group of one or more populations of an organism or organisms seen by taxonomists to form a unit. Although neither is required, a taxon is usually known by a particular name and given a particular ranking, especially if and when it is accepted or becomes established. It is not uncommon, however, for taxonomists to remain at odds over what belongs to a taxon and the criteria used for inclusion. If a taxon is given
20416048
Name-bearing type


group" ranks consist of just the species and subspecies. (Note: a "species group" defined as a taxon, rather than as a category of ranks, has an unofficial rank, one of several such ranks between the subgenus and species levels sometimes used by zoologists in taxa with many species; see Taxonomic rank.) The name-bearing type of a species-group taxon (hereafter "species" for brevity) is an actual specimen or set of specimens; the "Code" recommends that great care should
5809726
Verticordia sect. Chrysorhoe


a flattened, swollen appendage and the staminodes are narrow. One of the three species in this section is "Verticordia nitens" which was first described by John Lindley in 1837. Lindley gave it the name "Chrysorhoe nitens" although the name was later changed to "Verticordia nitens" by Stephan Endlicher. When Alex George reviewed the genus in 1991, he described the section and gave it the name "Chrysorhoe" conserving Lindley's original name for the species. The type species for this section is "Verticordia nitens" and
20308922
Eucalyptus nitens


In Tasmania "Eucalyptus nitens" is one of the most important plantation tree species along with "Eucalyptus globulus" (Tasmanian blue gum) and "Pinus radiata" (Monterey pine). The timber is mainly used in general construction but is beginning to be used in furniture where the discolourations may be a feature. Extracts from "Eucalyptus nitens" leaves have been found to be toxic to mollusc larvae. However, this study did not compare the toxicity of "Eucalyptus nitens" with other species and it is not known if
2634318
Botanical nomenclature


taxon (see correct name) and if a new name may (or must) be coined. Plant taxonomy is an empirical science, a science that determines what constitutes a particular taxon (taxonomic grouping, plural: taxa): e.g. "What plants belong to this species?" and "What species belong to this genus?". The definition of the limits of a taxon is called its 'circumscription'. For a particular taxon, if two taxonomists agree exactly on its circumscription, rank and position (i.e. the
15041079
Niten Ichi-ryū


as a walking stick during the last years of his life, today in possession of the city of Usa's Shinto Shrine. The Gosho-ha Hyōhō Niten Ichi-ryū disputed the lineage claiming that Iwami Toshio Gensho is the sole legal representative of Hyōhō Niten Ichi-ryū until 2007. Miyagawa Yasutaka established a line of Niten Ichi-ryū that continues to practice and thrive in the Kansai region of Japan. Miyagawa Yasutaka and Kiyonaga Tadanao were both students of Aoki Kikuo during the same period. This "Kansai" line,
13092748
Gosho-ha Hyōhō Niten Ichi-ryū


Hawaii and Chile. The 10th soke, Imai Massayuke, died in 2006. In May 2007 the Oita Prefecture Kendo Department requested the Kiyonaga family and the Gosho Ha Niten Ichi-ryū masters to reestablish the seito (main line) of Kiyonaga Fumiya in Oita, where the ryū was based since the 9th generation. The Kiyonaga family designated Yoshimoti Kiyoshi, son of Gosho Motoharu and successor in Gosho-ha Hyōhō Niten Ichi-ryū, as Junidai (12th successor) of Hyōhō Niten Ichi-ryū Seito under Kiyonaga Fumiya's
13679289
Synonym (taxonomy)


of Zoological Nomenclature", synonyms are different scientific names of the same taxonomic rank that pertain to that same taxon. For example, a particular species could, over time, have had two or more species-rank names published for it, while the same is applicable at higher ranks such as genera, families, orders, etc. In each case, the earliest published name is called the senior synonym, while the later name is the junior synonym. In the case where two names for the same taxon have been published
3098371
One Rank, One Pension


and 85 Indian Military Academy; and officers from the 14 Army Education Course; and twenty five officers and their families came from Jaipur. The movement continues to gain momentum, and perceptible increase in support and participation by former high-ranking officers of the armed forces, from Lt generals, Admirals, air marshals, Group Captains, and Colonels. Old veterans included Sep Ram Kishan, 93 years, Armoured Corp veteran of World War II; Sep Ram Bharose Yadav, 85 years, a blind veteran of 72 Medium Artillery;
8649907
Heiho Niten Ichi Ryu Memorial


" of the "Burgundy Region", of Japan, of France, of the 150th Anniversary of Franco-Japanese Relations, of the "Heiho Niten Ichi Ryu Memorial", of the "Sacré-Cœur", of the "Sacré-Cœur Tricolore", of "Saint Esprit", of "Cambodia", of "ASEAN", of "Russia" and of the "Lyon-Japan club". The Heiho Niten Ichi Ryu Memorial recalls a series of specific and decisive historical events that result from the
15719914
Heiho Niten Ichi Ryu Memorial


", of "France", of the "150th Anniversary of Franco-Japanese Relations", of the "Heiho Niten Ichi Ryu Memorial", of the "Sacré-Cœur", of the "Sacré-Cœur Tricolore", of the "Saint Esprit", of "Cambodia", of "ASEAN", of "Russia" and of "Lyon-Japan". The traditional Budokan Miyamoto Musashi was revealed as mirror of the Heiho Niten Ichi Ryu Memorial in the West reflecting its proper origin as the
15719932
Verticordia nitens


species having flowers of a "brilliant orange colour". "Verticordia nitens" and "V. aurea" are not attractive to typical insect pollinators. Instead, they are pollinated by oligolectic species of solitary bee. In the case of "V. nitens", the bee is "Euryglossa morrisonii" (also known as "Euhesma morrisonii") of family Colletidae, which feeds on nectar, pollen, and the oil retained on the anthers of this species. The species is not considered to be threatened by extinction as it is
11633589
PhyloCode


content of a taxon, other than the type, is not specified by the rank-based codes. In contrast, under phylogenetic nomenclature, the content of taxa are delimited using a definition that is based on phylogeny (i.e., ancestry and descent) and uses specifiers (e.g., species, specimens, apomorphies) to indicate actual organisms. The formula of the definition indicates an ancestor. The defined taxon, then, is that ancestor and all of its descendants. Thus, the content of a phylogenetically defined taxon relies on
4227015
Taxonomic rank


given names. Alternative approaches, such as using circumscriptional names, avoid this problem. There are no rules for how many species should make a genus, a family, or any other higher taxon (that is, a taxon in a category above the species level). It should be a natural group (that is, non-artificial, non-polyphyletic), as judged by a biologist, using all the information available to them. Equally ranked higher taxa in different phyla are not necessarily equivalent (e.g., it
17667713
Phylogenetic nomenclature


Phylogenetic nomenclature, often called cladistic nomenclature, is a method of nomenclature for taxa in biology that uses phylogenetic definitions for taxon names as explained below. This contrasts with the traditional approach, in which taxon names are defined by a "type", which can be a specimen or a taxon of lower rank, and a description in words. Phylogenetic nomenclature is currently not regulated, but the "International Code of Phylogenetic Nomenclature" ("PhyloCode") is intended to regulate it once it is ratified. Phylogenetic nomenclature ties names
4744909
Anaphes nitens


Anaphes nitens is a species of fairyfly, a chalcid wasp in the family Mymaridae. Native to Australia, it is an egg parasitoid of the gum tree snout beetle ("Gonipterus scutellatus"), a pest of "Eucalyptus" trees, and has been used in biological pest control of that species. Like other species in its genus, "Anaphes nitens" is a tiny insect, not more than long. The hind wings are elongated and stalked, and there are short hairs fringing both pairs of wings. The head
10154480
Verticordia nitens


—these include Morrison Featherflower, Morrison-flower, and Orange or Yellow Morrison. The name of early collector, William Morrison from Kew, was attached to "V. nitens", and "Morrison flower" was extended to the common name for many similar and well known species. Morrison was asked by Seymour Meares, the son of Richard Goldsmith Meares, as the botanist Drummond was unavailable to him. Meares' request from James Mangles was to deliver material for the cultivation of ""Chrysorhoe nitens"" in England,
11633598
Sarracenia rosea


this taxon in a 1993 issue of "Rhodora", the journal of the New England Botanical Club. Schnell decided to place this taxon at the rank of variety below subsp. "venosa" as "S. purpurea" var. "burkii", honoring Louis Burk as Wherry had suggested 60 years earlier. In 1999, however, botanists Robert Naczi, then a professor of biology at Northern Kentucky University, and Frederick and Roberta Case elevated the variety to species rank, naming it "Sarracenia rosea". They compiled morphological
4498748
Macrostomida


The Macrostomida are a taxon of small basal free-living flatworms (Turbellaria, Platyhelminthes), which inhabit freshwater, brackish, and marine environments. The taxon name was coined by Josef Meixner (1924). There are currently about 260 named species in this taxon. As is the case for many other taxa, the taxonomic rank of Macrostomida is not very clear. Macrostomidans are small (~0.5 to 5 mm in length), and generally highly transparent microturbellarians, usually round in cross section, and with only the largest forms
13717906
Type (biology)


specimens. The type of a genus or subgenus is a species. The type of a suprageneric taxon (e.g., family, etc.) is a genus. Names higher than superfamily rank do not have types. A "name-bearing type" is a specimen or image that "provides the objective standard of reference whereby the application of the name of a nominal taxon can be determined." Although in reality biologists may examine many specimens (when available) of a new taxon before writing an official published species description,
4362871
Correct name


there are two or more legitimate names for the same taxon (with the same circumscription, position and rank), then the correct name is the one which has priority, i.e. it was published earliest, although names may be conserved if they have been very widely used. Validly published names other than the correct name are called synonyms. Since taxonomists may disagree as to the circumscription, position or rank of a taxon, there can be more than one correct name for a particular plant. These may also be called synonyms.
19338400
Banksia aquilonia


geographically distinct from other infraspecific taxa. They also noted that there were no intermediate plants between what was then known as "B. integrifolia" var. "aquilonia" and other populations of "B. integrifolia". On this basis they would have liked to promote it to species rank, but did not because their inferred phylogeny suggested that this taxon arose from within "B. integrifolia". They were unwilling to render "B. integrifolia" paraphyletic by elevating this taxon to species rank, and they were equally unwilling to elevate all four
21331511
Drosera gigantea


geniculata", that grows to tall in black sandy soils near Perth and to its south. Jan Schlauer disagreed with Marchant and Lowrie's decision to give the new taxon a rank of subspecies and thus published a new combination of the taxon at the rank of variety in a 1996 issue of the "Carnivorous Plant Newsletter". He argued that subspecies should be reserved for those occasions where allopatric, or geographically isolated, speciation occurred and varieties are best used in cases where sympatric speciation is suspected. Others disagree with this assessment,
2758435
Niten Ichi-ryū


, which can be loosely translated as "the school of the strategy of two heavens as one", is a koryū (ancient school), transmitting a style of classical Japanese swordsmanship conceived by the warrior Miyamoto Musashi. Hyōhō Niten Ichi-ryū is mainly known for the two-sword—katana and wakizashi—kenjutsu techniques Musashi called "Niten Ichi" (二天一, "two heavens as one") or "Nitō Ichi" (二刀一, "two swords as one"). Musashi originally studied Enmei Ryū and
13092743
Alexgeorgea


, Sydney, published a short article in the journal "Telopea" that recognized a species previously known as "Restio nitens" as a species better fitting the description of "Alexgeorgea". "Restio nitens" was originally described by Christian Gottfried Daniel Nees von Esenbeck in 1848 as having above ground dehiscent fruits, unlike the below ground flowers and fruit of "Alexgeorgea", though Carlquist had noted that "R. nitens" and his newly described "A. arenicola" were otherwise identical. Johnson examined the herbarium specimens labeled as "
14011952
Heiho Niten Ichi Ryu Memorial


, it was given a new name, the "Dojo Miyamoto Musashi" and representing the Miyamoto Musashi School of Japan in France, becoming a main link to this school in the West. Consequently, it acquired the legitimacy of being one of the foundations of the Heiho Niten Ichi Ryu Japan-France Memorial. On May 20, 2000, the Dojo Miyamato Musashi in Gleizé, at the request and invitation of the Miyamoto Musashi School - Niten Ichi Ryu of Japan went to the country of the rising sun for the inauguration of
15719929
Anaspidea


somewhat resemble the ears of a hare. Many older textbooks and websites refer to this suborder as Anaspidea. The original author Paul Henri Fischer described the taxon Anaspidea at unspecified rank above family. In 1925 Johannes Thiele established the taxon Anaspidea as a suborder. Since the taxon Anaspidea was not based on an existing genus, this name is no longer available according to the rules of the ICZN. Anaspidea has been replaced in the new Taxonomy of the Gastropoda (Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005) by the clade Aplysiomorpha. The scientific name
4362472
Gosho-ha Hyōhō Niten Ichi-ryū


in 1955, Gosho Motoharu had received "Menkyo kaiden", the license of total transmission in Hyōhō Niten Ichi-ryū and Sekiguchi-ryū, the two schools that Aoki Kikuo was headmaster. Aoki Kikuo died in 1967. In the following years, the two masters continued representing the Niten Ichi-ryū in Japan. In 1976, Kiyonaga Tadanao died suddenly, without leaving a designed successor. As Soke Daiken, Gosho Motoharu continued to represent the "ryū" on this period. After eight months without a "soke"
13679283
Kiyoshi Yoshimoti


His father, Gosho Motoharu, is one of the more important master of koryū budō of the region, being Menkyo kaiden and Shihan (master) of two important schools, the Hyōhō Niten Ichi-ryū and the Sekiguchi Ryū. Since his youth, Yoshimoti Kiyoshi practiced budō under his father's care, reaching Menkyo Kaiden in both Hyōhō Niten Ichi ryū and Sekiguchi Ryū. In 2007, attending to a request of the Ōita Kendo Association, the Kiyonaga family, the family of the late 9th soke of the Hyōhō Niten Ichi
15245882
Heiho Niten Ichi Ryu Memorial


down through the very heart of Japan, from generation to generation. The Miyamoto Musashi dojo of Gleizé represents the Miyamoto Musashi School in Japan, and in France and joins Japan and France in the Heiho Niten Ichi Ryu Memorial. On 26 February 1999, the Miyamoto Musashi School, or Japan's School of the Two Swords (Niten Ichi Ryu) of Japan, responded to the invitation by the dojo in Gleizé and visited France for the first time. On February 27, at an official reception and a presentation of Martial Arts
15719926
Heiho Niten Ichi Ryu Memorial


light that comes from the Orient. This is a diplomatic, geopolitical, cultural, historical and spiritual achievement, as Japan, particularly deepest Japan is not traditionally inclined to tolerate outside contributions of this nature on its soil. This recurrent and highly symbolic gesture has made it possible to reinforce the deep and lasting ties that unite the Budokan Miyamoto Musashi and the Heiho Niten Ichi Ryu Memorial, so strengthening the links between the commune of Gleizé and Ohara-cho, since 1998. On December 8th, 2014, the Heiho Niten Ichi
15719933
Eucalyptus nitens


Eucalyptus nitens, commonly known as shining gum, is a Eucalypt species native to Victoria and eastern New South Wales, Australia. It grows in wet forests and rainforest margins on fertile soils in cool high-rainfall areas. "Eucalyptus nitens" is a tall to very tall forest tree growing to 60 m, in Victoria occasionally to 90 m tall. Bark is persistent on lower trunk, grey to grey-brown, fibrous-flaky, smooth above, white, grey or yellow, shedding in long ribbons. The juvenile
2634315
Phylogenetic nomenclature


rank changed, even if it has precisely the same members (i.e. the same circumscription); and it is logically inconsistent with all taxa being monophyletic. Especially in recent decades (due to advances in phylogenetics), taxonomists have named many "nested" taxa (i.e. taxa which are contained inside other taxa). No system of nomenclature attempts to name every clade; this would be particularly difficult in traditional nomenclature since every named taxon must be given a lower rank than any named taxon in which it is nested, so the
4744916
Heiho Niten Ichi Ryu Memorial


prior his death, donated the entire file of the Lyon-Japan Club to be conserved at the Heiho Niten Ichi Ryu Memorial, in so doing providing the foundation stones essential to the development of the building. The Heiho Niten Ichi Ryu Memorial, a French-Japanese link was created in the memory of Miyamoto Musashi the unconquered samurai of the 16th century who spent a lifetime fighting (he fought more than sixty battles, all victorious), master of arms and the spirit for many disciples. This heritage has since been passed
15719925
Synonym (taxonomy)


other purposes, if a researcher is interested in consulting or compiling all currently known information regarding a taxon, some of this (including species descriptions, distribution, ecology and more) may well have been published under names now regarded as outdated (i.e., synonyms) and so it is again useful to know a list of historic synonyms which may have been used for a given current (valid) taxon name. Objective synonyms refer to taxa with the same type and same rank (more or less the same taxon, although circumscription
3098374
World Qualification Series (2009)


18 - Aug 23" 30th Anniversary of the Lacanau Pro and good conditions this year. Surf, concerts, events scheduled. Check out the video for a summary of the event http://vimeo.com/6994555 "Aug 25 - Aug 30" "Sep 01 - Sep 06" "Sep 01 - Sep 06" "Sep 04 - Sep 06" "Sep 09 - Sep 12" "Sep 10 - Sep 13" "Sep 08 - Sep 13" "Sep 15 - Sep 20" "Sep 16 - Sep 22" "Sep
1986943
List of 1982–83 NBA season transactions


1982 Oct 2, 1982 Oct 1, 1982 Sep 30, 1982 Sep 29, 1982 Sep 28, 1982 Sep 27, 1982 Sep 24, 1982 Sep 22, 1982 Sep 20, 1982 Sep 19, 1982 Sep 18, 1982 Sep 17, 1982 Sep 15, 1982 Sep 14, 1982 Sep 13, 1982 Sep 10, 1982 Sep 9, 1982 Sep 7, 1982 Sep 2, 1982 Sep 1, 1982 Aug 31, 1982 Aug 27, 1982 Aug 26, 1982 Aug 16, 1982 Aug 8,
557049
Abraham Halpern


in Royal Canadian Naval Volunteer Reserve from Sep. 24, 1942 to Nov. 30, 1945 in European, North Atlantic, and Pacific theatres. Rank on discharge: Petty Officer. Served in Royal Canadian Navy, 1953-1957, as follows: Medical Officer, R.C.N. Hospital, Esquimalt, BC, July to Nov., 1953. Medical Officer, H.M.C.S. "Cayuga", Nov., 1953 to Feb., 1955 - Far East (Korea). Medical Officer, R.C.N. Hospital, Cornwallis, NS, Apr., 1955 to Sep.,
12498700
Miyamoto Musashi


officially become the retainer of the Hosokowa lords of Kumamoto in 1640. The "Niten Ki" records "[he] received from Lord Tadatoshi: 17 retainers, a stipend of 300 koku, the rank of "ōkumigashira" 大組頭, and Chiba Castle in Kumamoto as his residence." In the second month of 1641, Musashi wrote a work called the "Hyoho Sanju Go" ("Thirty-five Instructions on Strategy") for Hosokawa Tadatoshi; this work overlapped and formed the basis for the later "The Book
19661665
Taxon


any biological domain, but traditionally it was always used for animals, whereas "Division" was traditionally often used for plants, fungi, etc. A prefix is used to indicate a ranking of lesser importance. The prefix "super-" indicates a rank above, the prefix "sub-" indicates a rank below. In zoology the prefix "infra-" indicates a rank below "sub-". For instance, among the additional ranks of class are superclass, subclass and infraclass. Rank is relative, and restricted to a particular
20416053
Validly published name


a particular taxon and rank. Nevertheless, invalid names ("nomen invalidum", "nom. inval.") are sometimes in use. This may occur when a taxonomist finds and recognises a taxon and thinks of a name, but delays publishing it in an adequate manner. A common reason for this is that a taxonomist intends to write a "magnum opus" that provides an overview of the group, rather than a series of small papers. Another reason is that the code of nomenclature changes with time, and
14663024
Aromobatidae


The Aromobatidae are a family of frogs native to Central and South America. They are sometimes referred to as cryptic forest frogs. They are the sister taxon of the Dendrobatidae, the poison dart frogs, but are not as toxic as most dendrobatids are. The Aromobatidae were separated from the Dendrobatidae only in 2006, and some sources continue to treat these frogs as part of the Dendrobatidae. However, their position as the sister taxon is well supported, and the question is primarily about whether they should be ranked as a family or
17636105
Ozimops


30. The variation to this is the loss of a tooth in mature individuals, the upper anterior premolar, at one or both sides of the jaw. The taxon was first published as subgenus of "Mormopterus" in 2014, separating Australian groups whose diversity was reviewed and described as new species. The content of the new taxon was established or formerly cryptic taxa of Indo-Papuan species and a centre of diversity at the Australian mainland. This was elevated to the rank of genus in 2015. The arrangement of the genus
2029365
Taxon


coined a century before from the Greek components "τάξις" (taxis, meaning arrangement) and "-νομία" (-nomia meaning method). For plants, it was proposed by Herman Johannes Lam in 1948, and it was adopted at the VII International Botanical Congress, held in 1950. The Glossary of the "International Code of Zoological Nomenclature" (1999) defines a A taxon can be assigned a taxonomic rank, usually (but not necessarily) when it is given a formal name. "Phylum" applies formally to
20416052
Autonym (botany)


belonged to the species (and are not included in the newly described taxon) now become a new infraspecific taxon. But as neither the type nor the final epithet has changed, there is no need for a change in author citation. The same goes for a subdivision of a genus. If a botanist creates a new subdivision of a genus, for example by dividing a large genus into two or more subgenera, sections, or series, then a new subdivision of the genus at each of the new ranks will share the
20983137
Monera


Monera () (Greek - μονήρης (monḗrēs), "single", "solitary") is a kingdom that contains unicellular organisms with a prokaryotic cell organization (having no nuclear membrane), such as bacteria. They are single-celled organisms with no true nuclear membrane (prokaryotic organisms). The taxon Monera was first proposed as a phylum by Ernst Haeckel in 1866. Subsequently, the phylum was elevated to the rank of kingdom in 1925 by Édouard Chatton. The last commonly accepted mega-classification with the taxon
5726713
September 1941 lunar eclipse


A partial lunar eclipse took place on Friday, September 5, 1941. It was a shallow partial lunar eclipse, with less than 10% of the Moon covered in Earth's shadow. Aug 31, 1941 = Sunday Sep 1, 1941 = Monday Sep 2, 1941 = Tuesday Sep 3, 1941 = Wednesday Sep 4, 1941 = Thursday Sep 5, 1941 = Friday Sep 6, 1941 = Saturday Sep 7, 1941 = Sunday Sep 8, 1941 = Monday Sep 9, 1941 = Tuesday Sep 10, 1941
5363349
Tatuidris


of the tribe has been the focus of debate. Bolton (2003) was the first to suggest the taxonomic instability of "Tatuidris" within Myrmicinae and raised the genus to the level of a new subfamily, the Agroecomyrmecinae, suggesting that Agroecomyrmecinae might be the sister taxon to Myrmicinae. The subfamily rank was re-assessed by Baroni Urbani & de Andrade in 2007, this was the first attempt to include "Tatuidris" as a terminal taxon in a morphological cladistic analysis. In their study, Baroni Urbani & de Andrade identified
21404594
Correct name


In botany, the correct name according to the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (ICN) is the one and only botanical name that is to be used for a particular taxon, when that taxon has a particular circumscription, position and rank. Determining whether a name is correct is a complex procedure. The name must be validly published, a process which is defined in no less than 16 Articles of the ICN. It must also be "legitimate", which imposes some further requirements. If
19338399
Abelisauridae


. Abelisauridae is a family in rank-based Linnaean taxonomy, within the infraorder Ceratosauria and the superfamily Abelisauroidea, which also contains the family Noasauridae. It has had several definitions in phylogenetic taxonomy. It was originally defined as a node-based taxon including "Abelisaurus", "Carnotaurus", their common ancestor, and all of its descendants. Later, it was redefined as a stem-based taxon, including all animals more closely related to "Abelisaurus" (or the more complete "Carnotaurus") than to "
19559613
Gleicheniaceae


-shaped hairs. There is some dispute about ranking these ferns. They are typically placed in the order Gleicheniales. They may alternatively be considered a subclass Gleicheniatae or class Gleichenopsida, so that a distinct taxon can be established for the leptosporangiate ferns. In this case, the Gleicheniaceae are upranked to an order and receive the name Gleicheniales. Irrespective of their modern taxonomic treatment, the Gleicheniaceae were formerly included in the order Polypodiales. But the ferns in the loose sense are much too diverse a group to be shoehorned into one taxon
4344486
Taxonomic rank


by the nomenclature codes. There are seven main taxonomic ranks: kingdom, phylum or division, class, order, family, genus, species. In addition, "domain" (proposed by Carl Woese) is now widely used as a fundamental rank, although it is not mentioned in any of the nomenclature codes, and is a synonym for dominion (lat. dominium), introduced by Moore in 1974. A taxon is usually assigned a rank when it is given its formal name. The basic ranks are species and
17667700
Taxonomic rank


In biological classification, taxonomic rank is the relative level of a group of organisms (a taxon) in a taxonomic hierarchy. Examples of taxonomic ranks are species, genus, family, order, class, phylum, kingdom, domain, etc. A given rank subsumes under it less general categories, that is, more specific descriptions of life forms. Above it, each rank is classified within more general categories of organisms and groups of organisms related to each other through inheritance of traits or features from common ancestors. The rank
17667696
Taxonomic rank


nuclei in the domain Eukarya. The "International Code of Zoological Nomenclature" defines "rank" as: "The level, for nomenclatural purposes, of a taxon in a taxonomic hierarchy (e.g. all families are for nomenclatural purposes at the same rank, which lies between superfamily and subfamily)." In his landmark publications, such as the "Systema Naturae", Carl Linnaeus used a ranking scale limited to: kingdom, class, order, genus, species, and one rank below species. Today, nomenclature is regulated
17667699
Sorbeoconcha


Sorbeoconcha is a taxonomic clade of snails, i.e. gastropods, mainly marine species with gills and opercula, within the clade Caenogastropoda. The taxon Sorbeoconcha was named by Winston Ponder and David R. Lindberg in 1997. According to the older taxonomy by Ponder and Lindberg the suborders within the order Sorbeoconcha are: In the taxonomy by Bouchet & Rocroi (2005), the clade Sorbeoconcha was declared a taxon of unspecified rank, within the clade Caenogastropoda. It comprises the superfamily Cerithioidea, the superfamily Campaniloidea, the informal group Ptenoglossa and the clade
13363551
Stomatellinae


Stomatellinae is a subfamily of small sea snails with a brilliantly nacreous interior of the shell, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Trochidae, the top snails. In the earlier classification used in the Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, the Stomatellidae was included in the Archaeogastropoda, however, this taxon is now largely abandoned in favor of the more recently defined Vetigastropoda. According to Bouchet & Rocroi (2005), Williams et al. (2008) and Williams et al. (2010) this taxon underwent a rank change from family Stomatellidae to
2477997
Rhinonycteridae


in 2014. The affinities within the families Hipposideridae and Rhinolophidae are sometimes found to be contrary in morphological and molecular analyses, yet resolving the phylogeny of these speciose and poorly defined groups has implication in several areas of research. The synonymy includes earlier combinations that elevated the rank through subtribe, tribe then subfamily. The taxon Triaenopini Benda & Vallo, 2009 was also reduced to a synonym for this family by the authors of the 2014 revision that elevated this taxon. The hipposiderid and rhinolophid bats are of especial interest to research into potential
1208236
La Gomera giant lizard


to be controlled. In his scientific description, the German zoologist R. Hutterer referred the subfossil remains from La Gomera to two subspecies of "Gallotia simonyi" with the differences being size related. He named these "Gallotia simonyi bravoana" and "Gallotia simonyi gomerana". Bischoff (1998) synonymized them to a single taxon. Barbadillo "et al." (1999) decided for "bravoana" when they elevated the taxon to species rank. Nogales "et al." (2001) concurred as regards species status,
14733429
Orange-spotted trevally


a /j/ sound; Forsskål used this technique to name a number of Red Sea fish species. Forsskål at first gave the new taxon subspecies status as "Scomber ferdau bajad", relating it to the mackerels, and especially "Scomber ferdau", which would later also be transferred to "Carangoides". The taxon was later given a species rank, becoming "Scomber bajad", then "Caranx bajad", before being transferred to its current position as "Carangoides bajad". The species was also independently renamed three times
15301652
Drosera subg. Lasiocephala


monograph of the family and recognizing this taxon as a series under section "Rossolis". In 1996, taxonomist Jan Schlauer argued for the recognition of this taxon at the rank of subgenus, noting that these closely related species share many affinities with subgenus "Drosera" but are different enough to warrant subgeneric status. All species in this subgenus are native to northern Australia except for "D. petiolaris", which is more widely distributed to as far as New Guinea. The plants in this subgenus or "petiolaris"-complex mostly look like variations
19625002
Synonym (taxonomy)


Given that the correct name of a taxon depends on the taxonomic viewpoint used (resulting in a particular circumscription, position and rank) a name that is one taxonomist's synonym may be another taxonomist's correct name (and "vice versa"). Synonyms may arise whenever the same taxon is described and named more than once, independently. They may also arise when existing taxa are changed, as when two taxa are joined to become one, a species is moved to a different genus, a variety is moved to a
3098366
Name-bearing type


for example, the Central American rodent tribe Nyctomyini has "Nyctomys" as its type genus and its name consists of the stem of the type genus, Nyctomy-, and the appropriate ending for a tribe, -ini. "Genus group" ranks consist of the genus and subgenus. The name-bearing type for a genus-group taxon is the type species, which must be one of the species included when that taxon ("genus" hereafter for brevity) was first formally named or, when no species were included when
5809723
Botanical name


names may also have an extra component, bringing a maximum of four parts: A botanical name in three parts, i.e., an infraspecific name (a name for a taxon below the rank of species) needs a "connecting term" to indicate rank. In the "Calystegia" example above, this is "subsp.", for subspecies. In botany there are many ranks below that of species (in zoology there is only one such rank, subspecies, so that this "connecting term" is not used in
6449289
Class (biology)


In biological classification, class () is a taxonomic rank, as well as a taxonomic unit, a taxon, in that rank. Other well-known ranks in descending order of size are life, domain, kingdom, phylum, order, family, genus, and species, with class fitting between phylum and order. The class as a distinct rank of biological classification having its own distinctive name (and not just called a "top-level genus" "(genus summum)") was first introduced by the
15757221
Flight officer


. Flight officer was a United States Army Air Forces rank used during World War II, from 1942 to 1945; the rank being created on Sep 10, 1942 On 5 November 1942 military glider pilots were commissioned flight officers after the completion of their training. The new rank insignia was nicknamed "the blue pickle". The rank is equivalent to Warrant Officer Junior Grade (WOJG) which is today's Warrant Officer (NATO grade: W-1). Enlisted and aviation cadet trainees who successfully passed air qualification training were appointed as
18437829
Taxon in disguise


In bacteriology, a taxon in disguise is a species, genus or higher unit of biological classification whose evolutionary history reveals has evolved from another unit of similar or lower rank, making the parent unit paraphyletic. This happens when rapid evolution makes a new species appear radically different from the ancestral group, so that it is not (initially) recognised as belonging to the parent phylogenetic group, leaving the latter an evolutionary grade. While the term is from bacteriology, parallel examples are found throughout the tree of life. E.g. four-
13686091
Anaphes nitens


and body are black, the limbs are amber to brown and the wings are tinged with brown. "Anaphes nitens" is native to southeastern Australia. The adult wasps feed on nectar and honeydew, but the larvae are carnivorous and feed on the eggs of the gum tree snout beetle ("Gonipterus scutellatus"). Both this beetle and its larvae feed on the young leaves, buds and shoots of various species of "Eucalyptus", causing a slowing of growth of the tree, a contortion of the twigs and sometimes
10154481
Taxonomy (biology)


In biology, taxonomy () is the science of naming, defining (circumscribing) and classifying groups of biological organisms on the basis of shared characteristics. Organisms are grouped together into taxa (singular: taxon) and these groups are given a taxonomic rank; groups of a given rank can be aggregated to form a super-group of higher rank, thus creating a taxonomic hierarchy. The principal ranks in modern use are domain, kingdom, phylum (division is sometimes used in botany in place of phylum), class,
11753004
The Beeps


Sapphire Stream S2/Ep45 Apr. 29 Wash Those Socks! S2/Ep46 Dec. 12 The Bumps SEASON 3: S3/Ep1 Aug. 30 Up Down Hill S3/Ep2 Aug. 31 Caravan S3/Ep3 Sep. 6 Secret Garden S3/Ep4 Sep. 7 Bounceflower Tea S3/Ep5 Sep. 13 The Whale S3/Ep6 Sep. 14 Soggy Sockroaches S3/Ep7 Sep. 20 Stinkroots S3/Ep8 Sep. 21 Sing-a-long-a-beeps S3/Ep9 Sep. 27 History Book S3/Ep10 Sep. 28 What Goes Splat? S3
14688027
Signal Transfer Point


. SEPs send signaling messages to other SEPs, but the messages are normally routed via the SEP's adjacent STPs. An STP's main function is to identify the best path for two SEPs to communicate. A typical application would be for two SEPs to agree on the use of a shared data path (e.g., using ISUP to initiate a voice call between a user on one SEP and a user on the second SEP). In this way, STPs route signaling messages (for starting, maintaining or finishing any kind of
21819468
Hygraula nitens


Hygraula nitens, the pond moth or Australian water moth, is a moth of the Crambidae family. It was described by Arthur Gardiner Butler in 1880. It is found in New Zealand and most of Australia, including Tasmania. The wingspan is about 25 mm. The caterpillars of this species live underwater. The filaments protruding from the body are not hairs but gills for breathing underwater. The larvae feed on "Potamogeton crispus" and "Zostera" species. They also feed on other alien macrophytes such as "Hydrilla verticillata"
10235899
Verticordia nitens


the region's flora. The species was mentioned in the early survey, "A Sketch of the Vegetation of the Swan River Colony" ("Edwards's Botanical Register", 1837), which was referred to an 1861 notice in "Curtis's Botanical Magazine" by W J Hooker, quoting Lindley, "'the magnificent "Chrysorrhoë nitens", whose yellow flowers, of metallic lustre, form masses of golden stars some feet in diameter.' Ever since, it has been the desire of nurserymen and others engaged
11633593
Niten Ichi-ryū


as head—both his and Iori's actions were manifestations of their respect for Musashi. Succession in the Hyoho Niten Ichi-ryū (the name given by Musashi towards the end of his life) does not follow a hereditary pattern. It is attested to by the bestowing of two artifacts: a scroll on which is written the name of the techniques and the approach to them that must be transmitted if the school is to be perpetuated truly, and a wooden sword that Musashi made himself, with which he trained and used
13092747
Heiho Niten Ichi Ryu Memorial


The Heiho Niten Ichi Ryu Memorial in the commune of Gleizé, France, is a memorial to Japan. It is recognized and sponsored by many nations throughout the world, and thirteen countries are represented in the seventeen flags that have flown continuously and officially since 8 December 2014, over this unique building. The memorial’s sixteen flag-poles fly the flags of "Mimasaka", of the "Mori Clan", of the "Doat", of the "Rhône-Alpes Region", of the "Central Region,
15719913
Doliella nitens


Doliella nitens is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Pyramidellidae, the pyrams and their allies. The length of the shell varies between 2 mm and 2.9 mm. The white shell is thin, semitransparent, very glossy and shows microscopic growth lines. There are three whorls besides the protoconch. The suture is very narrow, slightly excavated and margined by the overlapping of the whorls. The umbilicus is lacking. The columellar tooth is represented by a broad, but not conspicuous, fold. This marine
5907338
Signal Transfer Point


calls originated by the SEPs' attached users) while avoiding disabled intermediary STPs. A signaling message typically never goes directly from a given SEP to the destination SEP: the message would normally have to pass through the initiating SEP's adjacent STP so that it can be routed to the destination SEP. In some applications, however, SEPs might be directly connected with signaling links; this would typically be done to enhance robustness or performance between two critical SEPs. Such mesh network configurations are also common in Europe, where STPs have not
21819469
Verticordia nitens


long, glabrous and initially bent but straightens as the flower opens. The first formal description of this species was by John Lindley in 1837. The description was published in W. J. Hooker's "Companion to the Botanical Magazine" from a dried specimen that Lindley had received. Lindley gave it the name "Chrysorhoe nitens". The type specimen for this species was first collected in the 1830s somewhere around the Swan River, Western Australia "by (?) Toward." Lindley recognised its similarity to "Verticordia" but raised
11633585
Verticordia nitens


and unable to recall this name he applied that of the collector as a label. Until this fact was noticed by the historian Rica Erickson, the common name was presumed to commemorate Alexander Morrison, the government botanist at the colony. Besides the 1861 illustration by Fitch, "V. nitens" was included in Constance Miller's collection of watercolours, "The Western Australian Floral Birthday Book 1912", Emily Pelloe painted a portrait of the species in 1925, and full colour photograph was printed in Gardner's "West Australian Wildflowers"
11633599
Gosho-ha Hyōhō Niten Ichi-ryū


title of "soke" is usually designated from one leader to the next. It is not a hereditary title in Hyōhō Niten Ichi-ryū. In 2003 Imai Massayuke, the 10th Soke, decided to end the use of this title in the ryū, a fact recognized by Nihon Kobudo Kyokai. The legitimacy of succession by Yoshimoti is recognized by the Japanese budo community. In 2007, the year of the succession, he represented the ryū in some of the most important events of Japan, such as the Kyoto Taikai and
13679292
Gosho-ha Hyōhō Niten Ichi-ryū


Hyōhō Niten Ichi-ryū, as most "kobudo ryū", does not use the "Dan/Kyu" system of graduation, but the traditional "makimono" (handscroll) system. Each "Makimono" refers to a set of technique. All the licenses must be awarded in order. I.e.: One cannot receive "okuden" (by learning the two-sword techniques) before learning the long and short swords techniques (receiving "Shoden" and "Chuden makimono"). The transmission of "Menkyo
13679298
Cerconota nitens


Cerconota nitens is a moth in the Depressariidae family. It was described by Arthur Gardiner Butler in 1877. It is found in Brazil (Amazonas). The wingspan is about 23 mm. The forewings are shining pinky-brown with the costal margin white, interrupted by brown spots. The costal area is greyish and there are three dark brown costal spots, the first small, before the middle, the second large, oblong, just beyond the middle, the third longer and narrower than the second near the apex, the
15954368
Ulmus minor 'Hunnybunii pseudo-Stricta'


The Field Elm cultivar Ulmus minor 'Hunnybunii pseudo-Stricta' was originally identified as "U. nitens" var. "Hunnybunii pseudo-Stricta" by Moss in "The Cambridge British Flora" (1914). Moss regarded the tree as a "subvariety" of "U. nitens" var. 'Hunnybunii', with a narrower form. Moss described 'Hunnybunii pseudo-Stricta' as "differing in the shorter internodes of the young twigs, which tend to remain in one plane, giving the trees a striking appearance
20117200
Verticordia patens


This species was first formally described by Alex George in 1966 and the description was published in "Western Australian Naturalist". He collected the type specimen at Moore River. The specific epithet ("patens") is a Latin word meaning "open" referring to the open branching habit of this species. When he reviewed the genus in 1991, George placed this species in subgenus "Chrysoma", section "Chrysohoe" along with "V. nitens" and "V. nitens". This verticordia occurs in a small area between
6471368
Cape starling


names, these do not conform to the binomial system and are not recognised by the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature. When in 1766 the Swedish naturalist Carl Linnaeus updated his "Systema Naturae" for the twelfth edition, he added 240 species that had been previously described by Brisson. One of these was the Cape starling. Linnaeus included a brief description, coined the binomial name "Turdus nitens" and cited Brisson's work. The specific name "nitens" is Latin for "shining" or "glittering". This species
8389602
Stellaria nitens


Stellaria nitens is a species of flowering plant in the pink family known by the common names shiny chickweed and shining starwort. It is native to western North America, including British Columbia, Alberta, and the western United States, its distribution extending into Mexico at least as far as Baja California. It grows in many types of habitat, in dry and moist areas, and sometimes in disturbed places. It is an annual herb producing a slender, upright, four-angled stem from a thin taproot, reaching up to about
11131254
Melica nitens


Melica nitens is a species of grass known by the common name threeflower melicgrass. It is native to the central United States. This perennial grass has short rhizomes and sometimes forms bunches. The stems grow up to 1.3 meters tall. The inflorescence is a branching panicle of spikelets. Despite its name, the grass has spikelets with two to four flowers each, often two. In the wild this plant grows in wooded areas, grasslands, streambanks, and roadsides. In some areas it is considered "highly threatened by land-
1142186