Benignus of Dijon [SEP] canonization status
[{"answer": "saint", "provenance": [{"wikipedia_id": "5465438", "title": "Benignus of Dijon", "start_paragraph_id": 1, "start_character": 0, "end_paragraph_id": 1, "end_character": 133, "bleu_score": 0.80377750806414, "meta": {}, "section": "Section::::Abstract."}]}]
Dijon Cathedral


Dijon Cathedral, or at greater length the Cathedral of Saint Benignus of Dijon (), is a Roman Catholic church located in the town of Dijon, Burgundy, France, and dedicated to Saint Benignus of Dijon. The Gothic cathedral building, constructed between 1280 and 1325, and dedicated on 9 April 1393, is a listed national monument. Originating as the church of the Abbey of St. Benignus, it became the seat of the Diocese of Dijon during the French Revolution, replacing the previous cathedral when it was secularised, and
20686945
Benignus of Dijon


Saint Benignus of Dijon () was a martyr honored as the patron saint and first herald of Christianity of Dijon, Burgundy (Roman "Divio"). His feast falls, with All Saints, on November 1; his name stands under this date in the "Martyrology of St. Jerome". No particulars concerning the person and life of Benignus were known at Dijon. He may have been a missionary priest from Lyon, martyred at Epagny near Dijon. Johann Peter Kirsch says, "For some unknown reason his death is
14814679
Benignus of Dijon


had the tomb in which the sarcophagus lay restored, and he built a basilica over it. Saint Benignus' Abbey developed at the site and joined the Cluniac order. In the early eleventh century a larger church was built by its abbot William of Volpiano (died 1031). The abbey church built by Gregory of Langres was superseded by a Romanesque basilica, which collapsed in 1272 and was replaced by the present Dijon cathedral, dedicated to Benignus, where the shrine survived an earthquake in 1280 and the French Revolution. His purported
14814681
Benignus of Dijon


death with a bar of iron and his heart pierced. "He was buried in a tomb which was made to look like a pagan monument in order to deceive the persecutors". In the time of Gregory of Tours there was a sudden appearance of "acta" regarding Benignus, narrating the martyrdom of the saint, and said by Gregory to have been brought from Italy to Dijon by a pilgrim, but apparently edited at Dijon in the sixth century. According to these hagiographic accounts, Polycarp of Smyrna (died ca 155
14814684
Benignus of Dijon


) had sent Benignus as a missionary to Dijon, where he had labored as a priest and had finally died a martyr, during the persecution under Aurelian (270–275), a possibility chronologically irreconcilable. Louis Duchesne has proved that these "acta" are at the head of a whole group of legends which arose in the early years of the sixth century and were intended to demonstrate the early the beginnings of Christianity in the cities of that region (Besançon, Autun, Langres, Valence). "They are historically unreliable,
14814685
William of Volpiano


patron of Count Robert's son. The fourth son of Count Robert, in 969, at the age of seven, he began his education at the Benedictine abbey at Locadio, Vercelli. He became a monk at this abbey. In 987, he became a monk at the Abbey of Cluny under Saint Majolus. Zealous for reform, he reorganized Saint-Sernin abbey on the Rhône River. William was ordained in 990 and served as abbot of Saint Benignus' Abbey at Dijon, dedicated to Saint Benignus of Dijon. Under
14816717
Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Dijon


Meleusippus, were baptized, and finally at Dijon. In the meantime the persecution of Marcus Aurelius broke out, and St. Benignus and his companions were put to death. The doubts first raised by Boulliau and Tillemont in the 17th century concerning the authenticity of these acts seem justified by the conclusions of G. Van Hooff and Louis Duchesne, according to which the "Acts of St. Benignus" and the martyrdom of the three brothers of Langres, on which the aforesaid traditions are based, are apocryphal and copied from Cappadocian legends. Animated
82059
Benignus of Dijon


the noble Faustus; Symphorianus was later martyred for his faith as Saint Symphorian. Benignus, now on his own, proselytized openly in different parts of Gaul, and performed numerous miracles despite the persecution of Christians. Denounced to the Emperor Aurelian, he was arrested at Épagny and put on trial. Benignus refused to sacrifice to pagan deities or to Caesar, and refused to deny Christ. The authorities savagely tortured him, to which he responded with new miracles; he did not change his mind. Eventually, Benignus was clubbed to
14814683
Benignus of Dijon


sarcophagus can still be seen in the crypt. According to the sixth-century "Passio Sancti Benigni", Benignus was a native of Smyrna. Polycarp of Smyrna had a vision of Saint Irenaeus, already dead, in response to which he sent Benignus, as well as two priests and a deacon, to preach the Gospel in Gaul. They were shipwrecked on Corsica but managed to make their way to Marseilles. They made their way up the Rhone River and the Saône. Reaching Autun, they converted Symphorianus, son of
14814682
Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Dijon


polemics arose among the scholars of France on the apostolate of St. Benignus. Under the Merovingians and Carolingians, most of the bishops of Langres resided at Dijon, e.g. St. Urbanus (5th century), St. Gregory, and St. Tetricus (6th century), who were buried there. When, in 1016, Lambert, Bishop of Langres, ceded the seigniory and county of Dijon to King Robert of France, the Bishops of Langres made Langres their place of residence. In 1731, Pope Clement XII made Dijon a bishopric.
82060
Émile Poillot


until his death. In 1919, he was appointed as professor of piano at the Conservatory of Dijon and this position he held for 25 years. He died in Dijon on . André Fleury took over from him in 1949 as organist at the Cathedral of St. Benignus and professor of piano at the Conservatory of Dijon. Among his students were Michel Chapuis and Ralph L. Grosvenor. His grandson, Michel Poillot, is the organist of the Basilica Notre-Dame-de-Bonne-Garde in Longpont-sur-Orge, Essonne
15479530
Dijon


. The historical centre of the city has been registered since July 4, 2015 as a UNESCO World Heritage site. The earliest archaeological finds within the city limits of Dijon date to the Neolithic period. Dijon later became a Roman settlement called "Divio", which may mean "sacred fountain", located on the road from Lyon to Paris. Saint Benignus, the city's apocryphal patron saint, is said to have introduced Christianity to the area before being martyred. This province was home to the Dukes of Burgundy from the
12317505
Benignus of Dijon


placed in the persecution under Aurelian (270-275)." According to Gregory of Tours the common people reverenced his grave, but Gregory's great-grandfather, Saint Gregory, bishop of Langres (507–539/40), wished to put an end to this veneration, because he believed the grave to belong to a . However, when he learned through a vision one night that the burial spot (in a large necropolis outside the Roman city) was in fact the previously overlooked grave of the holy martyr Benignus, the bishop
14814680
Symphorian and Timotheus


Symphorian (Symphorianus, Symphorien), Timotheus (Timothy), and Hippolytus of Rome are three Christian martyrs who though they were unrelated and were killed in different places and at different times, shared a common feast day in the General Roman Calendar from at least the 1568 Tridentine Calendar to the Mysterii Paschalis. According to a legendary "passio" of St. Benignus of Dijon, Symphorian was a young nobleman who was converted by Benignus at Autun. Symphorian was beheaded, while still a young man, during the reign of Marcus Aurelius
8752144
Dijon Cathedral


has been the seat of the succeeding Archbishopric of Dijon since the elevation of the diocese in 2002. The first church here was a basilica built over the falsely reported sarcophagus of Saint Benignus, which was placed in a crypt constructed for it by Saint Gregory of Langres in 511; the basilica over the crypt was completed in 535. This building became the centre of a monastic community. In 871 Isaac, Bishop of Langres, re-founded it as a Benedictine abbey, and restored the basilica at the same time. In
20686946
Lay brother


St. Benignus at Dijon, under William of Dijon (d. 1031) and Richard of Verdun (d. 1046), while at Hirschau Abbey, Abbot William (d. 1091) gave a special rule to the "fratres barbati" and "exteriores". At Cluny Abbey the manual work was relegated mostly to paid servants, but the Carthusians, the Cistercians, the Order of Grandmont, and most subsequent religious orders possessed lay Brothers, to whom they committed their secular cares. In particular, at Grandmont, the complete control of
3956506
Antiphonary of St. Benigne


The Antiphonary tonary missal of St. Benigne (also called Antiphonarium Codex Montpellier or Tonary of Saint-Bénigne of Dijon) was supposed to be written in the last years of the 10th century, when the Abbot William of Volpiano at St. Benignus of Dijon reformed the liturgy of several monasteries in Burgundy. The chant manuscript records mainly Western plainchant of the Roman-Frankish proper mass and part of the chant sung during the matins ("Gregorian chant"), but unlike the common form of the Gradual and of the Antiphonary, William
1210714
Maurice Maréchal


Denise, and a son. Maréchal died Sunday, April 19, 1964, at his home in Paris following a kidney operation. His funeral took place in the Cathedral of St. Benignus, Dijon, on April 22. He is buried in the cemetery of Péjoces in Dijon. Lois Perkins-Maréchal extensively discusses their life and her husband’s artistic activity in the book, "L'Amérique avant les gratte-ciel" ("America Before the Skyscrapers"), published by France-Empire in 1979. Nine of Maréchal’s
12951692
Roman Catholic Diocese of Langres


, when the Papal Bull "Paternae charitatis" definitely re-established the See. The new Bishop of Langres governed 360 parishes of the old Diocese of Langres, 70 of the old Diocese of Châlons, 13 of the old Diocese of Besançon, 13 of the old Diocese of Troyes and 94 of the old Diocese of Toul. For the legends concerning the Apostolic origin of the See of Langres and the mission of St. Benignus see Dijon. The bishops, until 1016, resided at Dijon and until 1731, exercised spiritual jurisdiction
19244601
Dijon


, dedicated to the apocryphal Saint Benignus, the crypt of which is over 1,000 years old. The city has retained varied architectural styles from many of the main periods of the past millennium, including Capetian, Gothic and Renaissance. Many still-inhabited town houses in the city's central district date from the 18th century and earlier. Dijon architecture is distinguished by, among other things, "toits bourguignons" (Burgundian polychrome roofs) made of tiles glazed in terracotta, green, yellow and black and arranged in geometric patterns.
12317511
Władysław the White


date of his death was established as 1 March 1388, but this was rightly corrected by Kazimierz Jasiński: on his tombstone inscription was noted "Dni MCCC octuagesimo octavo 1 Kal. Martii", which means that Władysław died the day before 1 March 1388, and since 1388 was a leap year, "1 Kal. Martii" was 29 February 1388. According to Władysław's last will, he was buried in the Benedictine Abbey of St. Benignus in Dijon (now Dijon Cathedral), where to this day his beautiful tombstone
15630804
Benignus of Armagh


nephew Sechnall as coadjutor and became the first rector of the Cathedral School of Armagh. He was present at the synod that passed the canon recognising "the See Of the Apostle Peter" as the final court of appeals in difficult cases. This canon is to be found in the Book of Armagh. St. Benignus resigned his coadjutorship in 467 and died the same year. His feast is celebrated on November 9. In 433, Patrick clashed with King Laoghaire at Tara over religion. Legend reports that a trial by fire was proposed
9765076
Tescelin le Roux


Saint Marcellus at Chalon-sur-Saône. On 16 February 1106 Tescelin was one of the witnesses when Pope Paschal II consecrated the Church of Saint-Bénigne de Dijon. He received "between his hands" the donation of the village of Pouilly by his cousin Milon de Montbard around 1113. Tescelin is among the witnesses of the charter of foundation of Molesme Abbey. Alèthe died in 1105 and was buried at the Abbey of St. Benignus at Dijon. The Abbot Jarenton had the images of her six sons engraved on her tomb
18536613
John of Fécamp


Fécamp Normandy, as the Abbot of the Abbey of Fécamp. He was nicknamed 'Jeannelin' or 'Little John' on account of his diminutive stature. At some point in the early 11th century, John left his homeland (where it is possible he had lived for some time as a hermit) and travelled to France, probably at the invitation of his compatriot and uncle William of Volpiano. John joined William at the Abbey of Saint Bénigne (or Saint Benignus), in Dijon, where William was abbot. In
5907529
Hypogeum


Romans, the bishop-saints of the third and fourth centuries were usually buried in hypogea in the cemeteries outside the walls of their cities; often it was only miracles at their tombs that caused their successors to adopt more up-to-date designs. In Dijon the saint and bishop Benignus (d. c. 274) was buried in a large sarcophagus in a chamber tomb in the Roman cemetery. By the sixth century the tomb had long since fallen into disrepair and was regarded as pagan, even by Bishop Gregory of Langres
8542432
Dijon


canon Félix Kir, a mixture of crème de cassis with white wine, traditionally Bourgogne aligoté. Dijon is home to Dijon FCO, a football team now in Ligue 1. Dijon has a its own (Pro A) basketball club, JDA Dijon Basket. The Palais des Sports de Dijon serves as playground for the team and hosted international basketball events such as the FIBA EuroBasket 1999 in the past. Dijon is home to the Dijon Ducs ice hockey team, who play in the Magnus League. To the northwest, the race
12317522
Antiphonary of St. Benigne


1052 and 1054: Abbot John of Ravenna. When the new founded monasteries became abbeys, the abbots were usually chosen among the monks of Fécamp. Only few writings by William have survived in the Abbey of Fécamp, but it is not always easy to decide, if the collection of Montpellier which belonged obviously to the library of the Abbey St. Benignus of Dijon, had this Abbey as destination. Michel Huglo remarked that the last part of the manuscript H.159, the real Antiphonary with antiphons and responsories for the Matins, was continued
1210725
William of Volpiano


Saint William of Volpiano (Italian : Guglielmo da Volpiano ; French : Guillaume de Volpiano; English : William of Dijon, William of Saint Benignus) (June/July 962 – January 1, 1031) was an Italian monastic reformer and architect. He was born on the family citadel on the island of San Giulio, Lake Orta, Novara, Piedmont. The son of Count Robert of Volpiano, he was born during an assault on the citadel by the Emperor Otto. The assault being successful, Otto became the sponsor and
14816716
Majolus of Cluny


continue to develop under Majolus' successors Odilo and Hugh. In 965, the Empress Adelaide placed Payerne Priory under Cluny Abbey. The Priory of Paray-le-Monial was founded by Lambert of Chalon and his wife, Adelaide of Chalon, both friends of Abbot Majolus, in 973 as a house of Cluny. In 989 Bruno of Roucy, Bishop of Langres, requested Majolus, to send monks to re-settle the Abbey of St. Benignus in Dijon, grown decadent, as a Cluniac house. Among places that Cluny
14932381
Émile Poillot


prize in organ performance and improvisation under Guilmant's successor, Eugène Gigout, in 1911: Poillot also studied the history of music with Maurice Emmanuel. From 1904 to 1907, at the Basilica of Sainte-Clotilde in Paris, Poillot was assistant to Maurice Emmanuel, the choirmaster, and substitute for Leon Cazajus, the choir organist, during the tenure of Charles Tournemire at the great organ. In 1911, he was named the regular organist at the Cathedral of St. Benignus in Dijon. He played the organ during 36 years,
15479529
Adso of Montier-en-Der


committed many acts of violence) turned to him for penance, one of the things he imposed on him was a pilgrimage to Jerusalem. Following the example of Saint Bercharius, the patron saint of Montier-en-Der who had accompanied one of the murderers of Saint Leodegar to Jerusalem, he went with him but died at sea. He was buried on an island called "Astilia", possibly identified as Astypalaia. Adso was charged with monastic reforms at St. Benignus' Abbey, Dijon, by Bruno of Roucy, which
17468091
Dijon Cathedral


989 Bruno, Bishop of Langres, requested Mayeul, Abbot of Cluny, to send monks to re-settle the abbey, grown decadent, as a Cluniac house. In 990 William of Volpiano was appointed the new abbot. By 1002, the ruin of the previous building had been razed and construction began on a new Romanesque structure designed by William, consisting of a subterranean church round the sarcophagus of Benignus, a ground floor church for worship, and a rotunda, 17 metres in diameter, on three levels in the place
20686947
Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Dijon


The most significant jurisdiction change occurred after the Concordat of 1801, when the diocese annexed the department of Haute-Marne. In 1821, a Papal Bull re-established the Diocese of Langres. The current archbishop is Roland Minnerath, appointed in 2004. Between the years 506 and 540 it was revealed to Gregory, Bishop of Langres, an ancestor of Gregory of Tours, that a tomb which the piety of the peasants led them to visit contained the remains of St. Benignus. He had a large basilica erected over it,
82057
Abbey of Saint-Èvre de Toul


996-1019) requested William of Volpiano, abbot of the Abbey of St. Benignus, Dijon, to introduce to St. Evre's the uses of Cluny, which duly took place. The abbey was destroyed in about 1036 by Odo, Count of Blois and of Champagne, and was rebuilt by Bruno of Eguisheim, bishop of Toul from 1026 to 1052, who later became Pope Leo IX. Over the next two hundred years it prospered, and founded 12 priories. In the 13th century a hospital and a refuge for lepers
10322781
Antiphonary of St. Benigne


structure of the codified chant. This particular type of a fully notated tonary only appeared in Burgundy and Normandy. It can be regarded as a characteristic document of a certain school founded by William of Volpiano, who was reforming abbot at St. Benignus of Dijon since 989. In 1001 he followed a request by Duke Richard II and became first abbot at the Abbey of Fécamp which was a reforming centre of monasticism in Normandy. Only this manuscript was written during the time of William by the same hand as several other manuscripts of the
1210716
Federigo Fregoso


serving, Fregoso surprised Kurtoğlu before Bizerta, landed on the island of Djerba and returned to Genoa with treasure. The Fregosi family had recognized Francis I of France, as Lord of Genoa. In 1522, Charles V besieged the city. Federigo Fregoso directed the defence and was wounded. The Spanish took Genoa by assault, and Fregoso was compelled to seek safety on a French vessel. Francis I accorded him a warm reception and gave him the Abbey of St. Benignus at Dijon. Here he studied Greek and Hebrew, but after
16609494
Tonary


form, which could be written in such an analytical way. William of Volpiano elaborated the concept of an additional letter notation and created a new form of tonary which became an important part of his monastic reforms, he did the first reform for Cluny, after he became abbot of St. Benignus of Dijon in Burgundy. Since 1001 he changed to the Abbey of Fécamp, after he was asked by the Norman Duke Richard II to guide secular and monastic reforms in the Duchy of Normandy. The fully notated tonary which he wrote for
18035716
Tescelin le Roux


. Towards the end of his life, in 1116 Tescelin became a monk. His death on 11 April 1117 is recorded in the register of deaths of the Church of St. Benignus at Dijon, where Alith had been buried many years earlier. Saint Bernard was born in what is now the large tower of the present Couvent et Basilique Saint-Bernard. Tescelin's castle was held for three centuries by the Sombernon family, Tescelin's descendents in the female line. During the reign of Louis XIII of France (1609-43
18536614
Hagiopolitan Octoechos


the letter notation of William of Volpiano which he developed for the Cluniac reforms by the end of the 10th century. In his school a unique tonary was already written, when he was reforming abbot of St. Benignus of Dijon. The tonary shows the Roman-Frankish mass chant written out in neume and pitch notation. The repertory is classified according to the Carolingian tonary and its entirely diatonic octoechos. The use of tyronic letters clearly shows, that the enharmonic diesis was used as a kind of melodic attraction within the diatonic genus,
19180163
Bouchard II of Montmorency


Bouchard II (975-1020) le Barbu (the Bearded), was Lord of Montmorency. He was one of the most significant lords of France under the first reign of Robert, son of King Hugh Capet. He had a dispute with the Abbot of S. Denis about Basset Castle. The castle was found in 998 by the king and his barons. He followed King Robert I to seat Avalon in Burgundy. He subscribed to the charter that the monarch made the dispatch camp in favor of St Benignus of Dijon,
22090380
Rodulfus Glaber


, and around the year 1010, joined the Abbey of St. Benignus, also near Dijon. There he met the reform-minded cleric from Piedmont, Abbot William of Volpiano. In 1028 he traveled to Italy with Volpiano, who encouraged him write what would become his masterpiece, the "Historiarum libri quinque ab anno incarnationis DCCCC usque ad annum MXLIV" ("History in five books from 900 AD to 1044 AD"). The chronicle was dedicated to the Abbot of Cluny, Odilo. Today a few manuscripts of the
3989556
Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Dijon


and soon travellers from Italy brought him the acts of this saint's martyrdom. These acts are part of a collection of documents according to which Burgundy was evangelized in the 2nd century by St. Benignus, an Asiatic priest and the disciple of St. Polycarp, assisted by two ecclesiastics, Andochius and Thyrsus. The good work is said to have prospered at Autun, where it received valuable support from the youthful Symphorianus; at Saulieu where Andochius and Thyrsus had established themselves; at Langres where the three brothers, Speusippus, Eleusippus, and
82058
History of French wine


during this period. The Church, however, did become one of the most prominent and influential forces in French winemaking during the medieval period due to their vast holdings of vineyard lands. The Merovingian period of Frankish rule saw the early seeds of monastic influence on French wine when Guntram, Clovis' grandson, gave a vineyard to the abbey of St. Benignus at Dijon. In 630, the Abbey of Bèze near Gevrey received vineyards in Beaune, Gevrey and Vosnee as a gift from the duke of Lower Burgundy. The reign of
9119601
Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Besançon


of St. Benignus of Dijon was the initial link." During the Middle Ages several popes visited Besançon, among them pope Leo IX who consecrated the altar of the old Cathedral of St. Etienne in 1050, and Eugenius III, who in 1148 consecrated the church of St. Jean, the new cathedral. A council was held at Besançon in 1162, presided over by Holy Roman Emperor Frederick Barbarossa, in the interest of the Antipope Victor IV against Pope Alexander III. Guido of Burgundy who was pope from 1119 to 1123 under the
11993131
Ellwangen Abbey


first monks may came from the Abbey of St. Benignus at Dijon. Ellwangen in its early days was home to Abbots Lindolf and Erfinan, who were respected authors. Abbot Gebhard wrote part of the Life of Saint Ulrich there, but died before completing it. Abbot Ermanrich (c. 845) wrote a biography of Saint Solus. The monk Adalbero was made Bishop of Augsburg in 894. Abbot Liutbert became Archbishop of Mainz, as also did Abbot Hatto (891). Saint Gebhard, Abbot of Ellwangen, became Bishop of Augsburg
1449256
Affective piety


. Shoemaker argues that the text offers Shoemaker advances the hypothesis that Western monks could have learned affective devotion to the Virgin Mary from the significant interactions between Western and Byzantine monastic communities, not to mention the interest of reform movements in Eastern ascetic practices. For example, before he became abbot of Fécamp, William of Volpiano had been a reforming abbot at St. Benignus in Dijon, where "he received a Greek bishop, Barnabas, into the community, and there were several other Greek monks"; and John of Fécamp received his
19263108
Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Dijon


its church the cathedral of Dijon; during the Revolution the Cathedral was transformed into a forage storehouse. The abbatial church of Saint-Bénigne became the cathedral of Dijon early in the 19th century. From the 1730s the Chapter was composed of six dignities and twelve Canons. The city of Dijon had some 30,000 inhabitants, and was divided into seven parishes. There were two colleges for the education of the young. There were eight houses of male religious, and eight monasteries of men. The diocese of Dijon was abolished during the
82062
Musée d'art sacré de Dijon


The Musée d'art sacré de Dijon is a municipal museum of Catholic Burgundian sacred art inaugurated in 1980 by Canon Jean Marilier in the Église Sainte-Anne of Dijon. It is labeled "Musée de France" and was associated in 1993 with the Musée de la Vie Bourguignonne Perrin Puycousin located in the nearby monastery. In 1950, the city of Dijon bought the Église Sainte-Anne located at the 17 rue Sainte-Anne to house the museum in 1979. It exhibits sculptures, paintings, furniture, objects of Catholic worship and
8201955
Benignus of Armagh


. A pagan druid and Benignus were tied inside a burning timber building, the former was reduced to ash while Benignus was untouched, at this turning point, Christian teaching was established. Most authorities identified St. Patrick's psalm-singer with the St. Benignus who founded Kilbannon, near Tuam. However, Tirechán's collections in the Book of Armagh states that St. Benignus of Kilbannon was the son of Lugni of Connaught. St. Benignus of Kilbannon had a famous monastery, where St. Jarlath was educated, and he presided over Drumlease.
9765077
Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Dijon


When it was formed, the diocese was composed of 164 parishes divided among seven regional Deanships. 155 of these parishes had been part of the Diocese of Langres, and 19 others had come from the Diocese of Besançon. The seven Deanships were supervised by the two archdeacons. The Abbey of Saint-Etienne of Dijon (5th century) long had a Chapter of Canons Regular who observed the Rule of St. Augustine; the Chapter was altered to one of secular canons by Pope Paul V in 1611, and Pope Clement XI made
82061
Prudent de Narbonne


monk Thibaud in the 12th century, gives a more elaborate story. Under the protection of Richard, Duke of Burgundy, the bodies of several saints were found in Dijon, including that of Prudent, which remained there for thirty years. The monks rebuilt the ruins of the abbey and asked for the saint's body from Dijon. The canons of Dijon at first refused, then at the command of Bishop Gauthier (Guarnerius) of Langres pretended to comply, but in fact gave the monks the body of Saint Silvin. The
15653746
Bèze Abbey


abbey and asked for the saint's body from Dijon. The canons of Dijon at first refused, then at the command of Bishop Gauthier of Langres pretended to comply, but in fact gave the monks the body of Saint Silvin. Eventually the ruse was discovered, and the body of Saint Prudent was carried with great ceremony from Dijon to Bèze in 931. The abbey was destroyed twice during the Hungarian invasions of Europe. It was burned in July 936 when the Hungarians came from Burgundy, and again the next year when the
13602788
Benignus (bishop of Milan)


of Pope Hilarius. In 466 Benignus probably consecrated the elected bishop Epiphanius of Pavia, and he had a part in the attempts to settle the dispute between Anthemius and the barbarian leader Ricimer. Benignus died in 472, but sources are not unanimous on the exact day, suggesting the 22 November or 27 November, or even June of the same year. His feast is celebrated the 20 November. Benignus was buried in the city’s Basilica of St. Simplician. A late tradition, supported only by a signet presumably found in 1582
19234822
Church of Notre-Dame of Dijon


Swiss army laid siege to Dijon and bombarded it. The situation seemed desperate. On 11 September, the citizens of Dijon carried the statue of Notre-Dame in procession in the neighbourhood of the church. Two days later, on 13 September, the Swiss unexpectedly left their camp. The citizens saw in this liberation the intervention of the Virgin. Around 1515, a tapestry was woven to commemorate the event. It adorned the church up to the Revolution, when it was sold. The mayor of Dijon bought it back in
6262502
Dijon


be registered for protected designation of origin status. Most Dijon mustard (brands such as Amora or Maille) is produced industrially and over 90% of mustard seed used in local production is imported, mainly from Canada. In 2008, Unilever closed its Amora mustard factory in Dijon. Dijon mustard shops sell exotic or unusually-flavoured mustard (fruit-flavoured, for example), often sold in decorative hand-painted "faience" (china) pots. Burgundy is a world-famous wine growing region, and notable vineyards
12317520
Antiphonary of St. Benigne


new design of local chant books, but also with the construction of new churches and buildings for abandoned abbeys, with canon law, with the organization of grammar schools and even rural communities of Normandy. It was typical for a career at Cluny Abbey to get one of the most prestigious positions as a cantor and to continue as a reforming abbot in another Abbey, which was subjected to this powerful and ambitious Abbey. As Abbot of St. Benignus William reformed several monasteries of Burgundy, Lorraine and the Île-de-France.
1210720
Roman Catholic Diocese of Saint-Dié


cross. Later, Saint Hidulphus, Bishop of Trier (d 707), erected between them at the intersection of the two arms of the cross, the monastery of Moyenmoutier. Villigod and Martin (disciples of Saint Dié), Abbot Spinulus (Spin), John the priest, and the deacon Benignus (disciples of Saint Hidulphus) are honoured as saints. In the 10th century the Abbey of Saint-Dié grew lax, and Frederick I, Duke of Lorraine, expelled the Benedictines, replacing them by the Canons Regular
2577643
Precentor


staff. "In the dioceses of Aix, Carcassonne, Coutances, Dijon, Metz, Orléans, the dignity of Precentor is still the highest in the chapter... Some chapters have sub-chanters, those of Arras being among the honorary resident canons", where also the quoted statutes of the Bishop of Dijon may serve to illustrate the modern idea of the office of precentor: "The Précenteur or Grand Chantre is the head of the choir and ... brings the antiphon to the bishop when officiating pontifically. Sacristans, chanters,
18652291
Jacques-Bénigne Bossuet


by the Jesuits of Dijon. When his father was appointed to the "parlement" at Metz, Bossuet was left in Dijon under the care of his uncle Claude Bossuet d'Aiseray, a renowned scholar. At the Collège des Godrans, he gained a reputation for hard work: fellow students nicknamed him "Bos suetus aratro", an "ox broken in to the plough". His father's influence at Metz allowed him to obtain for the young Bossuet a canonicate in the cathedral of Metz when the boy was just 13 years
16610730
Étienne Tabourot


Étienne Tabourot, seigneur des Accords, also called Tabourot des Accords or Seigneur des Accords (1549–1590) was a French jurist, writer and poet of the Renaissance. He was born in Dijon. His uncle, Jean Tabourot (1520-1595), was a writer, canon and religious official in Langres. Étienne Tabourot did his studies at the College de Bourgogne in Paris and then at the university of Toulouse where he studied law. Returning to Dijon, in 1582 he bought an office of "King's attorney" (
20492726
Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Dijon


was not only not required, but actually forbidden. Erection of new dioceses and transfer of bishops, moreover, was not canonically in the competence of civil authorities or of the Church in France. The result was schism between the 'Constitutional Church' and the Roman Catholic Church. The legitimate bishop of Dijon, René de Mérinville, refused to take the oath, and therefore the episcopal seat was declared vacant. He was in fact one of the thirty bishops who subscribed to the "Exposition des principes, sur la Constitution civile
82064
Simon Foucher


Simon Foucher (1 March 1644 – 27 April 1696) was a French polemic philosopher. His philosophical standpoint was one of Academic skepticism: he did not agree with dogmatism, but didn't resort to Pyrrhonism, either. He was born in Dijon, the son of a merchant, and appears to have taken holy orders at a very early age. For some years he held the position of honorary canon at Dijon, but he resigned in order to take up his residence in Paris. He graduated at the Sorbonne, having
21737074
Dijon Air Base


BA 102 was the first basis for Europe to have a multi-target interceptor and a weapons system of such technology. Reorganization of the French air force has pushed the Dijon base into a secondary role in the 21st century. In 2014, the assigned fighter squadrons were reassigned and the base was put into a reserve status. It was closed officially in June 2016. Effective 5 June 2014, there are no scheduled passenger flights from Dijon. The airfield is open to business and general aviation. The Gendarmerie also have a helicopter
16971244
Church of Notre-Dame of Dijon


The Church of Notre-Dame of Dijon is a Roman Catholic church in Dijon. Considered a masterpiece of 13th-century Gothic architecture, it is situated at the heart of the preserved old centre of the city. It is located in Place Notre-Dame, near the Palace of the Dukes of Burgundy and opposite the rue Musette. Work on the church began around 1230. The church contains the statue of Notre-Dame de Bon-Espoir, formerly called the Black Madonna. The church's decorations also include two symbols
6262484
Canal de Bourgogne


a butterfly museum and a narrow-gauge railway built on the trackbed of a line leading from the mining town of Epinac to loading staithes on the canal. The canal now changes direction from SE to NNE running through the very pretty valley of the River Ouche as it makes its way towards Dijon, the capital of the Burgundy region. On arrival in Plombières-lès-Dijon the canal turns SE passing close to Lac Kir, a man-made lake used for leisure activities, named after Canon Félix Kir, a former
4525365
Benignus (bishop of Milan)


Benignus () was Archbishop of Milan from 465 to 472. He is honoured as a Saint in the Catholic Church and his feast day is September 20. Almost nothing is known about the life and the episcopate of Benignus. He was probably born to a noble family of Milan and he studied in Rome. He was elected bishop of Milan in 465, and he participated to a council which is identified by scholars as the Roman synod of November 19, 465, held in the Basilica di Santa Maria Maggiore under the presidency
19234821
Benignus of Armagh


to the bardic order. From his musical achievements he was known as "Patrick's psalm-singer". As Benignus had been trained by Patrick in sacred learning from his youth and was well versed in the language and learning of his native land, he was appointed secretary to the Commission of Nine, which a few years before had been directed to compile the Brehon Laws. Benignus is said to have contributed materials for the "Psalter of Cashel", and the "Book of Rights". He succeeded St. Patrick's
9765075
Benignus of Armagh


Saint Benignus of Armagh (died 467) was the son of Sesenen, an Irish chieftain in the part of Ireland that is now called as County Meath. He was baptised into the Christian faith by St. Patrick, and became his favourite disciple and his coadjutor in the Diocese of Armagh around AD 450. His gentle disposition suggested the name Benen, which was Latinised as Benignus. He followed his master in his travels and assisted him in his missionary labours, helping in the formation of choral services. His family may have belonged
9765074
Church of Saint-Étienne, Vignory


college of canons and build a church for them. His son Roger replaced the canons with Benedictine monks and gave the newly built church to the Abbey of Saint-Bénigne of Dijon. He then built a new church with two bays in the choir and four bays in the nave. Building stopped until 1049. Monks were sent to live there in 1051 and 1057. The church was shared by the monks and parishioners. The tower was added in the 12th century by parishioners. Later a chapel was added and the windows enlarged
5581417
Félix Kir


was arrested and condemned to death, but he was released because of his status. He continued organising operations, and was seriously wounded, but escaped interrogation by the Gestapo. In 1945, he was made a knight of the Légion d'honneur and was elected to the position of mayor of Dijon and to the French National Assembly. He remained the mayor of Dijon up to his death in 1968. A local drink, then locally known as "blanc-cassis", consists of white burgundy wine, traditionally Aligoté, mixed with
20560720
Pierre Petitot


Pierre Petitot (December 11, 1760 in Langres – November 7, 1840 in Paris) was a French sculptor. Petitot initially studied under Claude François Devosge at the École des Beaux-Arts in Dijon. In 1788 he won the first major sculpture prize founded by the States of Burgundy, which allowed him to travel and stay in Rome. His award-winning statue was on display in the Musée des Beaux-Arts de Dijon. After he returned to France, he was imprisoned as a suspect and it was 27 July
8328348
Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974


policy reason would exist to not shield SEP IRAs, but many financial planners argue that a rollover (or direct transfer) from a SEP IRA to a "rollover IRA" would give those funds protected status, too. Portions of ERISA are codified in various places of the United States Code, including , and Internal Revenue Code sections and (relating to the Individual Retirement Account) and sections through , and , and . A cross-reference between the sections of the ERISA law and the corresponding sections in the U.S.Code can be
18827832
Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy


The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (SEP) combines an online encyclopedia of philosophy with peer-reviewed publication of original papers in philosophy, freely accessible to Internet users. It is maintained by Stanford University. Each entry is written and maintained by an expert in the field, including professors from many academic institutions worldwide. Authors contributing to the encyclopedia give Stanford University the permission to publish the articles, but retain the copyright to those articles. , the "SEP" has nearly 1,600 published entries. Apart from its online status, the
3875988
World Qualification Series (2009)


18 - Aug 23" 30th Anniversary of the Lacanau Pro and good conditions this year. Surf, concerts, events scheduled. Check out the video for a summary of the event http://vimeo.com/6994555 "Aug 25 - Aug 30" "Sep 01 - Sep 06" "Sep 01 - Sep 06" "Sep 04 - Sep 06" "Sep 09 - Sep 12" "Sep 10 - Sep 13" "Sep 08 - Sep 13" "Sep 15 - Sep 20" "Sep 16 - Sep 22" "Sep
1986943
List of 1982–83 NBA season transactions


1982 Oct 2, 1982 Oct 1, 1982 Sep 30, 1982 Sep 29, 1982 Sep 28, 1982 Sep 27, 1982 Sep 24, 1982 Sep 22, 1982 Sep 20, 1982 Sep 19, 1982 Sep 18, 1982 Sep 17, 1982 Sep 15, 1982 Sep 14, 1982 Sep 13, 1982 Sep 10, 1982 Sep 9, 1982 Sep 7, 1982 Sep 2, 1982 Sep 1, 1982 Aug 31, 1982 Aug 27, 1982 Aug 26, 1982 Aug 16, 1982 Aug 8,
557049
Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974


, the BAPCPA amended the Bankruptcy Code, by exempting most organized retirement plans, even those not subject to ERISA, and accorded them protected status, claimable as exempt property by a debtor declaring bankruptcy under the U.S. Bankruptcy Code. Now, most pension plans have the same protection as an ERISA anti-alienation clause giving these pensions the same protection as a spendthrift trust. The only remaining unprotected areas are the SIMPLE IRA and the SEP IRA. The SEP IRA is functionally similar to a self-settle trust, and a sound
18827831
Roman Catholic Diocese of Autun


of the "Passion" of St. Symphorianus of Autun tell the story that, on the eve of the persecution of Septimius Severus, St. Polycarp assigned to Irenaeus two priests and a deacon (Benignus, Andochius and Thyrsus), all three of whom departed for Autun. St. Benignus went on to Langres, while the others remained at Autun. According to this legendary cycle, which dates from about the first half of the 6th century, it was not then believed at Autun that the city was an episcopal see in the time
10989990
Kilbennen


Kilbennen or Kilbannon is a medieval ecclesiastical site and National Monument located in County Galway, Ireland. Kilbennen is located northwest of Tuam, on the far side of the River Clare. The monastery here was founded by Benignus of Armagh (Benin, Benen, Bennan), a disciple of Saint Patrick, in the 5th century AD, although the Book of Armagh associates it with a different Benignus, of the Luighne Connacht. Iarlaithe mac Loga (Saint Jarlath) studied here in the 6th century. The Annals of the Four Masters
8113323
Church of Notre-Dame of Dijon


polychrome decoration and her face was pale brown. In the 16th or 17th century, the statue was painted black, for an unknown reason. In 1945, this layer of paint was removed, revealing the original colours. However, a black tint was applied to the face only, to maintain the tradition. In 1963, this was removed, and the face returned to its original colouring. Now the statue can no longer be considered a Black Virgin — rather, it is a former Black Virgin. This statue is now
6262500
Caubiac Treasure


are decorated with Bacchic scenes, a large plate inscribed with the name 'Benignus', an ornamented cup and a (now badly damaged) fluted bowl with a central medallion of Venus with Cupid and Priapus, which was used for washing hands. The whole set dates from between the late 2nd century and the early 3rd century and probably served to celebrate the cult of Bacchus. At the base of one of the dishes is inscribed the name 'Benignus Victori Victoris', who was almost certainly the original owner of the treasure
278826
Carfin Grotto


his devotion to the Little Flower, the Canon added a statue of St. Thérèse directly across from that of Our Lady of Lourdes. The shrine's statue to St. Thérèse was erected within weeks of her beatification in Rome by Pope Pius XI on 29 April 1923, an event which the Canon attended. The decision to erect the statue was controversial. Some pilgrims expressed the view that this "new" Saint's statue should not stand in such proximity to that of the Blessed Mother. The Canon took the unusual step of collecting
6449775
Starchitect


put forward a theory about how buildings and architects achieve canonic status. He argued that a building and its architect achieve iconic or canonic status after a period when various critics and historians build up an interpretation that then becomes unquestioned for a significant period. If the text itself receives canonical status, then the status of the architect is further endorsed. For example, in the first edition of Siegfried Giedion's book "Space Time and Architecture" (1949) the Finnish architect Alvar Aalto was not mentioned at all. In the second
6506486
Johann Andreas Benignus Bergsträsser


Johann Andreas Benignus Bergsträsser (21 December 1732 in Idstein – 24 December 1812 in Hanau) was a German educator, philologist and entomologist. He studied philology and theology at the universities of Jena and Halle, and in 1756–58 worked as a teacher at the orphanage in Halle an der Saale. In 1760 he was appointed rector at the Evangelical Lutheran gymnasium in Hanau. In 1775 he obtained the title of professor and became a member of the consistory. In 1784 he proposed a type of optical telegraph system to "connect" Leipzig
12981263
Forbes Benignus Winslow


Forbes Benignus Winslow DCL, FRCP Edin., MRCP, MRCS, MD, (10 August 1810–3 March 1874) was a British psychiatrist, author and an authority on lunacy during the Victorian era. Winslow was the ninth son of Thomas Winslow (1772–1815), a Captain in the 47th Regiment of Foot, and his wife, Mary (née Forbes) (1774–1854). He was born at Pentonville in August 1810. The family lost their American property in the American War of Independence and came to England. After education
7028514
Church of Notre-Dame of Dijon


and the back of the statue was sawn off and replaced by a piece of wood. The baby Jesus disappeared during the French Revolution, in 1794. By the 18th century, the Virgin's hands had been lost. In contrast, her face is almost undamaged. For several centuries, the statue was often shown crowned and wearing a robe. From 1959, it was decided to no longer use these decorations, so that everyone could see the complete Romanesque statue. Originally, the sculpted clothes of the Virgin had a Romanesque
6262499
Benignus von Safferling


Benignus Ritter von Safferling (30 November 1825 – 4 September 1895) was a Bavarian General der Infanterie and War Minister under Otto of Bavaria. Von Safferling was born in Freising. When he was eight years old, he went with his father, a soldier of King Otto to Greece. In 1835, his father was killed in action in Argos, when he was commander of an uhlan regiment. Von Safferling joined the cadets corps at Aegina shortly afterwards. In the rank of a Korporal he was transferred to the 2nd Infantry
19525252
St Peter's College, Auckland


' Form I to VI school would take enrolments from Sacred Heart College and would diminish their revenue. Unmoved by the Marist Brothers' opposition, Liston requested his old Dunedin classmate, Brother Michael James Benignus Hanrahan (Brother Benignus), the Christian Brothers provincial, to provide brothers to staff the school. This was agreed to. A contractor cleared the Mountain Road site in 1931 and it was expected that the school would open in 1933. But financial problems caused delays. The Marist Brothers appealed to the Apostolic Delegate to Australia and
20772899
Erc of Slane


converted. Erc mac Dega was converted to Christianity by St. Patrick and appointed the first Bishop of Slane. St. Erc’s foundation at Slane stayed active for at least six hundred years. Erc may have arrived in Kerry soon after the mission of St. Benignus, who was sent by St. Patrick to preach to the tribes of West Munster in 450. Benignus's visit was comparatively short since he was called away to North Clare and Connaught. St. Patrick sent Erc to complete the conversion of Kerry. Erc had spiritual charge over Kerry
21917342
September 1941 lunar eclipse


A partial lunar eclipse took place on Friday, September 5, 1941. It was a shallow partial lunar eclipse, with less than 10% of the Moon covered in Earth's shadow. Aug 31, 1941 = Sunday Sep 1, 1941 = Monday Sep 2, 1941 = Tuesday Sep 3, 1941 = Wednesday Sep 4, 1941 = Thursday Sep 5, 1941 = Friday Sep 6, 1941 = Saturday Sep 7, 1941 = Sunday Sep 8, 1941 = Monday Sep 9, 1941 = Tuesday Sep 10, 1941
5363349
Discourse on Inequality


. The text was written in 1754 in response to a prize competition of the Academy of Dijon answering the prompt: What is the origin of inequality among people, and is it authorized by natural law? Rousseau did not win with his treatise (as he had for the "Discourse on the Arts and Sciences"); a canon of Besançon by the name of François Xavier Talbert (l'abbé Talbert) did. Rousseau published the text in 1755. Rousseau's text is divided into four main parts: the dedication, the
705288
Dev Dham Jodhpuriya


these, bhopas of Devnarayan make figures related to his birth and his brave deeds on a Thali while dancing. Bhadra Saptami Shukla Paksha (in the Month of Aug.-Sep.) Every Year and Second Festival in the month of Magha Saptami Krishna Paksha (in the Month of Jan.-Feb.) in Every Year The temple is decorated with various statues. These include statues representing the cousins of Devnarayan, Bhuna and Mehandu, along with their half-sister, Taradey Panwar. Other statues commemorate, Sawai Bhoj, Devnarayan as a child sitting
9145737
Privilege (canon law)


conferring the status of a graduate is the granting of a privilege, in that the recipient has received a positive favour not generally enjoyed by most people, but it also acted as a dispensation with the requirements of the canon law. Still, however they were justified, in canon law, the conferral of degrees or degree status gave substantial and substantive rights and privileges, and were not merely empty honours. In the event of degree status being conferred, the recipient was not deemed to hold the degree in question, but would
14539622
Gare de Dijon-Ville


Dijon or Dijon-Ville is a railway station located in Dijon, Côte-d'Or, eastern France. The station was opened in 1849 and is located on the Paris–Marseille railway, Dijon-Is-sur-Tille railway, Dijon-Saint-Amour railway and Dijon-Vallorbe railway. The train services are operated by SNCF and Thello. From Dijon train services depart to major French cities such as: Paris, Lyon, Marseille, Nice, Montpellier, Belfort, Besançon, Mulhouse, Strasbourg. International services operate
3977203
Gare de Dijon-Porte-Neuve


Société Nationale des Chemins de fer Français) train station, served by Burgundy TER trains and open for cargo transport. Gare de Dijon-Porte-Neuve is located at kilometre post 321.935 on the "Dijon-Ville – Is-sur-Tille Line". This situates it between the Dijon-Ville and the Ruffey-lès-Echirey stations. Gare de Dijon-Porte-Neuve is at an altitude of , whereas the altitude of Dijon's main train station, Dijon-ville, is . The Gare de Dijon
18791512
Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Dijon


French Revolution by the Legislative Assembly, under the Civil Constitution of the Clergy (1790). Its territory was subsumed into the new diocese, called 'Côte-d-Or ', which was part of the Metropolitanate called the 'Metropole de l'Est' (which included eight new 'départements'). The Civil Constitution mandated that bishops be elected by the citizens of each 'département', which immediately raised the most severe canonical questions, since the electors did not need to be Catholics and the approval of the Pope
82063
Dijon


which sometimes have live bands, some popular music venues in Dijon are : Le zenith de Dijon, La Vapeur and l'Atheneum. Dijon mustard originated in 1856, when Jean Naigeon of Dijon substituted verjuice, the acidic "green" juice of not-quite-ripe grapes, for vinegar in the traditional mustard recipe. In general, mustards from Dijon today contain white wine rather than verjuice. Dijon mustard is not necessarily produced near Dijon, as the term is regarded as genericized under European Union law, so that it cannot
12317519
Abbé de Coulmier


François Simonet de Coulmier (September 30, 1741 – June 4, 1818) was a French Catholic priest, originally a member of the Premonstratensian canons regular, and an active member of the French legislature at the start of the French Revolution and again during the First French Empire. Coulmier was born in Dijon in 1741. While serving as the pastor of Abbéville, he was elected as a representative of the First Estate in the Estates General, later serving in the National Constituent Assembly. It is not clear whether or not he
1087964
Athée, Côte-d'Or


Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire From 1237 the Count of Auxonne was replaced in the chain of vassalage by the Duke of Burgundy following an exchange of lands between Hugh IV, Duke of Burgundy and John, Count of Chalon. From 1366 to the French Revolution the Lordship of Athée was held by co-lords who were canons of "Sainte-Chapelle de Dijon" on the one hand and Lay Lords (the Laverne, Senevoy, Moussier families) on the other. In 1516 the lordship became subject to the Kingdom of
17068329
Argrim


Argrim (, ) was one of the rival bishops of Langres following the disputed election of 888. He was the uncontested bishop after 899 until his retirement in 910. Before becoming bishop he was a monk of Saint-Bénigne de Dijon. The death of bishop Geilo of Langres on 28 June 888 after the death of the Emperor Charles III in January resulted in the election of the bishop's successor taking place amidst political upheaval. Argrim was elected by the people in accordance with canon law, and was consecrated by archbishop Aurelian
18777314
Bernard of Clairvaux


failure of the crusaders, the entire responsibility for which was thrown upon him. Bernard died at the age of 63, after 40 years as a monk. He was the first Cistercian placed on the calendar of saints, and was canonized by Pope Alexander III on 18 January 1174. In 1830 Pope Pius VIII bestowed upon Bernard the title "Doctor of the Church". Bernard's parents were Tescelin de Fontaine, lord of Fontaine-lès-Dijon, and , both members of the highest nobility of Burgundy. Bernard was
4307409