Palazzo Gualino [SEP] architect
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Palazzo Gualino


The Palazzo Gualino is an office building in Turin, Italy built in 1928–30 for the entrepreneur Riccardo Gualino by the architects Gino Levi-Montalcini and Giuseppe Pagano. It is an important example of early Italian rationalist architecture. The building was used for offices first by Gualino, then by Fiat and finally by the city of Turin, who sold it to a real estate developer in 2012. A project to convert the office building into high-end apartments was begun in 2012, but was abandoned in 2015. The Palazzo Gualino was
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Palazzo Gualino


The Palazzo Gualino is considered to be a major statement of the emerging rationalist culture in Italy. The Turin Society of Engineers and Architects recognized the building in 1984 as important both historically and for its artistic value as one of the first buildings of Italian Rationalism, completely preserved in its interior and finish. Gualino's speculations with the French banker Albert Oustric ran into financial difficulties, and severe problems emerged with his bank during the financial crisis of 1929. In 1930 Gualino was forced sell his share in SNIA Viscosa and many other investments
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Palazzo Gualino


built for the financier and art patron Riccardo Gualino, who saw the rationalist work of the architect Giuseppe Pagano (1896–1945) in an exhibition in 1928. He commissioned Pagano to build his company's headquarters in Turin on Corso Vittorio Emanuele. The office building for the Gualino enterprises was built on land formerly occupied by the Villa Gallenga. Part of the earlier building remains as a service structure. The design was based on formal simplification and careful attention to functional and technical needs. Pagano and Gino Levi-Montalcini (1902–74) built
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Palazzo Gualino


to try to reduce his debt. His collections of art were dispersed. The Italian premier Benito Mussolini responded to Gualino's failure by saying he had caused "serious harm to the national economy". Gualino was arrested in Turin in January 1931 and sentenced to five years "confino". This was a form of internal exile. After Gualino was disgraced, the Palazzo Gualino was purchased by Fiat. The Agnellis moved their personal offices to the building, which became one of the Fiat headquarters. In 1988 it became the property
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Rationalism (architecture)


, and Giuseppe Terragni (1904–43) founded the so-called Gruppo 7, publishing their manifesto in the magazine "Rassegna Italiana". Their declared intent was to strike a middle ground between the classicism of the "Novecento Italiano" movement and the industrially inspired architecture of Futurism. Their "note" declared: One of the first rationalist buildings was the Palazzo Gualino in Turin, built for the financier Riccardo Gualino by the architects Gino Levi-Montalcini and Giuseppe Pagano. Gruppo 7 mounted three exhibitions between 1926 and 1931, and
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Gino Levi-Montalcini


with projects that place him among the first and most important representatives of the rationalist movement in Italy. The Palazzo Gualino office building they designed for the financier Riccardo Gualino drew an immediate response at the international level. Other projects designed by the two architects were publicized and analyzed by critics, in particular through the pages of "Casabella" and "Domus". He moved to Milan after the separation from Pagano. Among the most important works of this period is the Colonia elioterapica di Bardonecchia (1936–38). He and his family
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Palazzo Gualino


of the City of Turin, and housed the city's tax offices. In 2012 the city decided to sell the palace for €14.2 million to help resolve its financial difficulties. It was closed and abandoned when it was purchased by Klg Torino, a subsidiary of Gesco Impresit of Rome. The new owner proposed to transform the building into high-end residential units using a design prepared by Baietto Battiato Bianco of Turin. The plans to convert the Palazzo Gualino were presented in June 2012. There would be four offices on the
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Palazzo Gualino


the Palazzo Gualino in 1928–29, with a flat roof rather than the sloped tile roof typical of other buildings in the city. In other ways the Rationalist design carefully combined modern and traditional features. The building has a symmetrical facade with seven floors on the main front on the Corso Vittorio Emanuele, and five floors on the Via della Rocca. The identical low-stacked floors and the unorthodox but functionally rational horizontal windows convey a sense of efficiency rather than power. The design covered all aspects of the building's intended use,
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Riccardo Gualino


Emanuele. Pagano and Gino Levi-Montalcini built the Palazzo Gualino in 1928–29, with a flat roof rather than the sloped tile roof typical of other buildings in the city. The building had seven identical low-stacked floors, and unorthodox but functionally rational horizontal windows, conveying a sense of efficiency rather than power. In other ways the Rationalist design carefully combined modern and traditional features. The "Galleria Sabauda" (Savoy Gallery) in Turin has a room dedicated to the Gualino collection, which includes "Venus and Mars with
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Gino Levi-Montalcini


for the Palazzo Gualino and including furnishings of important public buildings, such as the Hall of the Press in Turin, in shops, including the Borletti in Galleria San Federico, and for exhibitions. He remained a sculptor, for which he had an early vocation, and made drawings, portraits and caricatures. His sculptures and portraits in pen and oil are reminiscent of those of Pagano, Mollino, and other architects from Turin. His academic career began at the Polytechnic of Turin, where he was a lecturer in architectural composition from
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Palazzo Gualino


including the layout, decoration, furniture and fixtures. The structure is of concrete, with light yellow and green plaster on the facades. Gualino's former offices on the top floor open onto a veranda that looks over the Parco del Valentino. Other innovations included the internal layout, the use of new industrial materials and the design of all the furnishings. Magazines and newspapers hailed the building as the symbol of a new direction in architecture, an expression of progress and an example of new ways of organizing offices and management activities.
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Riccardo Gualino


Six), which included Carlo Levi, Francesco Menzio, Jessie Boswell, Gigi Chessa, Enrico Paolucci and Nicola Galante. These artists could view works by Modigliani, considered pornographic at the time, that Gualino "hung serenely amidst his Titians and Botticellis." In 1930 Venturi organized a retrospective exhibition of Modigliani's work in Venice based on the paintings owned by Gualino. Gualino saw the Rationalist work of the architect Giuseppe Pagano in an exhibition in 1928. He commissioned Pagano to build his company's headquarters in Turin on Corso Vittorio
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Giuseppe Pagano


September 1944 in Milan, imprisoned at Villa Triste, and tortured. Later he was transferred to the prison of San Vittore, then to Bolzano and then to Mauthausen, Melk, and back again to Mauthausen. Pagano died of pneumonia in the infirmary of the Mauthausen concentration camp in Austria on 22 April 1945. In one of his last letters to his friends he asked: “Remember me well: a man alive and full of good will”. "Palazzo Gualino" office building, Turin (with Gino Levi Montalcini)
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Palazzo Gualino


first floor, three floors of underground garages to accommodate 80 cars, and 35 luxury apartments of on the second to sixth floors. The seventh and highest floor would be a penthouse of . The project required major changes to the interior structure, including excavation for the new underground parking lots. The plan was controversial. The Superintendent of Architectural Heritage insisted on the exterior remaining unchanged apart from the glass "lantern" on the roof of the palace. However, the carefully designed interior would be completely gutted. The project began with
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Palazzo Contarini Dal Zaffo


Palazzo Contarini Dal Zaffo, also known as "Palazzo Contarini Polignac" is a large palace in Venice, located in the Dorsoduro district, overlooking the Grand Canal, in an intermediate position between Palazzo Brandolin Rota and Palazzo Balbi Valier. The palazzo was probably built in the second half of the fifteenth century. The architect of the palazzo is unknown, but the design is frequently attributed to Giovanni Buora, Mauro Codussi, or Pietro Lombardo. The architect was most likely inspired by the Lombard architectural style. Together with Palazzo Dario the
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Riccardo Gualino


general public. The theater was closed in 1931 when Gualino was forced into exile on the island of Lipari. Gualino used his huge wealth to amass a large and valuable collection of art. He met the art historian Lionello Venturi in 1918, who advised him to buy work by Amedeo Modigliani. Gualino was the first Italian to buy work by Édouard Manet with "La Négresse", a study for "Olympia". Gualino and Venturi supported local painters such as Felice Casorati and the "Gruppo di Sei" (Group of
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Riccardo Gualino


1912 became the "Sindacato nazionale calce e cementi" (National Union of Lime and Cement). Gualino always shared management with the family, and ran the enterprise on a fairly conservative basis. His fortune came from his dealings in wood. In 1907 Gualino married Gurgo Salice's daughter Cesarina, then aged seventeen, at the "Addolorata" church in Casale Monferrato. They would have two children, Renato and Listvinia (Lilli). In 1908 Gualino formed the new limited company "Riccardo Gualino p. legnami e cementi" (
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Riccardo Gualino


Rovere and Valentino Brosio. From the early 1950s Gualino became less directly involved, delegating operations to Guido Gatti and to his son Renato Gualino. However, Riccardo Gualino remained "head of studio" in the 1950s, and acted as both financier and producer. Lux continued to use the system of packaged productions, but some individuals mainly worked for Lux projects. In 1950 Gualino's son Renato wrote an article in which he said the producer was the "unique, coordinating force in realizing a film." Luchino Visconti, who
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Riccardo Gualino


companies, Gualino and Giovanni Agnelli became involved in transport of US aid to Europe in 1917. They invested in two enterprises in the United States; the Marine & Commerce Corporation of America exported coal and the International Shipbuilding Company made motorized vessels. These companies failed when the war ended. However, the profits from shipping goods to Italy from the United States during the war were the foundation for Gualino's post-war fortune. In 1919 Gualino and his wife made a trip to New York City. Gualino was a central figure
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Palazzo Valentini


back of the palazzo, overlooking the column of Trajan, was entrusted to the architects Filippo Navone and Giovanni Battista Benedetti. Between 1861 and 1865 Vincenzo's son Gioacchino Valentini commissioned two further expansions on the left side, along via di Sant'Eufemia, designed by the architect Luigi Gabet. The provincial deputation of Rome acquired the palazzo as their base in 1873, commissioning the architect Gabet to complete the right side on via de’ Fornari, at the top of vicolo di San Bernardo. The present structure of the palazzo is characterised by
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Palazzo Labia


church of San Geremia was the palazzo's immediate neighbour, its campanile seemingly incorporated into the palazzo. The Cannaregio Canal is one of the most important tributaries of the Grand Canal. While like many of the other larger palazzi in Venice the Palazzo Labia is rectangular in design built around an inner courtyard, the two architects Tremignon and Cominelli broke the architectural traditions of such architects as Longhena, by designing the facades of the Palazzo Labia to be more simple and less cluttered, than those of the earlier Venetian classical palazzi, while still
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Gherardo Silvani


Gherardo Silvani (1579–1675) was an Italian architect and sculptor, active mainly in Florence and other sites in Tuscany during the Baroque period. His son Pierfrancesco also became an architect. He worked on the Palazzo Corsini al Prato, Palazzo Capponi-Covoni (1623), Palazzo Fenzi (1634), Palazzo Pallavicini, Palazzo di San Clemente. He also helped design and construct the altar of the Basilica di Santo Spirito. He helped in the reconstruction of the churches of San Frediano, Santi Simone e Giuda, Sant'Agostino, and
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Jessie Boswell


1912, she had a series of designs completed in Biella. In 1916–1918, she began working for the Casa Gualino, as a designer until the 1940s. She is described as being a "dama di compagnia" (personal assistant/chief of staff) at Casa Gualino from 1913 to 1928. She lived with the family at the Castello di Cereseto and was close to Riccardo's wife, Cesarina Gualino. Riccardo Gualino, a rich industrialist, was also a patron of the arts, including Casorati, and later of the
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Riccardo Gualino


Minister of Finance, SNIA Viscosa's shares were listed on the Paris exchange in 1926. Gualino became involved in a series of ventures with Ostric, often highly leveraged. The two financiers created "Holding française" and "Holding italiana" in 1928, and invested in car companies such as Peugeot and Ford, insurance, textiles, clothing, footwear and retail stores. They built an unstable structure with unsustainable debts. The partnership with Agnelli broke up due to Gualino's investments in the French automobile industry, and Gualino became isolated
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Riccardo Gualino


directed "Senso" (1954) for Lux, referred to "the old Gualino, my producer, a really good man." Surviving records show that Gualino made many suggestions about the script and scenes, with which Visconti often simply complied. Gualino let his son serve as the studio's public face. Renato was president of the National Producers Association for several years, and in the 1950s was president of the US branch of the Italian Film Export Association (IFE). IFE cooperated closely with Lux. At the end
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Riccardo Gualino


the north of Italy. Gualino left the company in 1901 when his brother-in-law accused him of doing business on his own account with the clientele. Gualino continued to work as a travelling salesman for various other companies. He managed the import of spruce from Trentino, Tyrol and Carinthia for Ramponi of Milan, and gained useful insight into the forestry business. In 1903 he moved to Casale Monferrato, where he worked as an independent sales representative for his cousin Tancredi Gurgo Salice, a cement trader. In 1905 Gualino
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Riccardo Gualino


and Gualino made an attempt early in 1918 to take over Credito Italiano. This was the second largest of the four mixed banks in Italy at the time, the others being the Banca Commerciale Italiana (Comit), Banca Italiana de Sconto (BIS) and Banco de Roma. These four dominated Italian finance and had stakes in a huge range of companies. Agnelli and Gualino did not succeed, but joined the board of directors of Credito Italiano. Gualino made another unsuccessful attempt to take over Credito Italiano in 1920, and one
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Riccardo Gualino


in many other business, including cement and alcoholic beverages. From 1920 to 1927 Gualino was vice-president of Fiat. In 1920 Gualino and Agnelli bought one third of the shares of Alfredo Frassati, publisher of "La Stampa". Gualino and Agnelli were also involved in a proposal to link Milan, Genoa and Turin with a high-speed railway, and in various projects in cement and automobiles. They brought about 25,000 Sicilians to Turin as industrial workers, particularly around 1925–26, housed them in barracks and subjected them to
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Riccardo Gualino


from the Italian business community. In 1927–28 Courtaulds and Vereinigte Glanzstoff-Fabriken (VGF) gained control of SNIA Viscosa. A German director of VGF, Karl Scherer, replaced Gualino as head of the firm and cut output drastically. The foreign intervention was seen as humiliating by the fascists. Gualino's speculations with Oustric also ran into financial difficulties, and severe problems emerged with the "Banca agricola italiana" during the financial crisis of 1929. In 1930 Gualino was forced sell his share in SNIA Viscosa and many other investments to
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Riccardo Gualino


try to reduce his debt. His collections of art were dispersed. Mussolini responded to Gualino's failure by saying he had caused "serious harm to the national economy". Gualino was arrested in Turin in January 1931 and sentenced to five years "confino". This was a form of internal exile. He was confined to the Aeolian island of Lipari on charges of fraudulent bankruptcy and suffered the confiscation of all his property. Gualino used his time on Lipari to write the biographical "Frammenti di vita" (Milan: Mondadori
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Palazzo Labia


—a style little changed since the late renaissance. Two little-known architects, Tremignon and Cominelli, were commissioned to design the palazzo. The selection of two comparatively unknown architects is strange, considering the desire of the Labia family to make an impression on Venetian society. However, the placement of the site more than compensated for any risk involved in the selection of unknown architects. The site chosen for the palazzo was the junction of the Cannaregio Canal and the Grand Canal in the parish of San Geremia, in fact the
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Domus Internationalis Paulus VI


under the direction of the Italian Baroque architect, Paolo Marucelli (1596-1649). The façade of the Palazzo looked on to Via S. Agostino and was joined to the Palazzo Apollinare by an archway above the street. Following construction on the nearby palazzo of San Luigi dei Francesi, another section of the palazzo was demolished. This allowed for a new design and consequent expansion of the building with the new façade on Via della Scrofa. This was done in 1776 under the direction of the Roman architects Pietro Camporese il Vecchio (
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Riccardo Gualino


d'Italia" to provide financial help, but Gualino had to sell his stake in Fiat and scale back on his efforts to acquire "Credito Italiano". Gualino made huge investments in SNIA Viscosa. By the mid-1920s SNIA Viscosa was the largest company in Italy in terms of capital. By 1926 SNIA Viscosa had become the second-largest rayon producer in the world. The United States produced more rayon in total, but Italy was the world's largest rayon exporter. Although SNIA Viscosa was his main enterprise, Gualino was also involved
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Robert Seppings


Sir Robert Seppings, FRS (11 December 176725 April 1840) was an English naval architect. Seppings was born to Robert and Lydia Seppings at Fakenham, Norfolk, on 11 December 1767 and baptised three days later. In 1782 he was apprenticed in HMNB Devonport, Plymouth. In 1800, when he had risen to be master shipwright assistant in the yard, he invented a device which greatly reduced the time required to repair the lower portions of ships in dry dock when compared with the laborious process of lifting then in vogue.
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Palazzo Ferreria


Malta Dom Mintoff. Today the lower parts of the palace consist of several shops. The architect of Palazzo Ferreria is Giuseppe Bonavia, who also designed the Lija Belvedere Tower and La Borsa. Bonavia is accredited to be the first architect to introduce the timber balconies on façades, beginning with the Palazzo Ferreria. This took place in the 19th-century and has influenced several architects and Maltese populace in general, something that is still visible and prevalent today. The palace is scheduled as a grade 1 national monument by the Malta Environment
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Palazzo Pretorio (Cividale del Friuli)


The Palazzo Pretorio or Palazzo dei Provveditori veneti is a palace in Cividale del Friuli, northern Italy, attributed to the architect Andrea Palladio and built between 1565 and 1586. Until 1990 it is the home of the National Archeological Museum (Museo archeologico nazionale) of Cividale. Renaissance art historian Giorgio Vasari testified of the existence of a project by Palladio for the Palazzo Pretorio at Cividale, for which he executed a model; he also wrote that the architect was present at the building’s foundation ceremony. The desire of the Civic Council
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Palazzo Pitti


's architect, and that his pupil Luca Fancelli was merely his assistant in the task, but today it is Fancelli who is generally credited. Besides obvious differences from the elder architect's style, Brunelleschi died 12 years before construction of the palazzo began. The design and fenestration suggest that the unknown architect was more experienced in utilitarian domestic architecture than in the humanist rules defined by Alberti in his book "De Re Aedificatoria". Though impressive, the original palazzo would have been no rival to the Florentine Medici residences in terms of
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Palazzo Alicorni


"Palazzo della Gran Guardia". In 1860, other edifices were erected near the palace, incorporating the rear lane and choking the building. Rome's land-use plan of 1882 foresaw the demolition of Palazzo Alicorni. On the contrary, in 1888 the comune of Rome bought it, destining it to primary school. In 1928 the Governatorato of Rome asked architect Adolfo Pernier to restore the building, which for the holy year of 1925 had been painted in yellow. The architect after an accurate survey brought the palace back to
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Giuliano da Maiano


the Sala del Giglio. In 1480 he finished a tabernacle of the Madonna dell'Olivo for the Cathedral of Prato, executed in collaboration with his brothers Benedetto and Giovanni. As an architect he was virtually the house architect for the Pazzi, rebuilding Palazzo Pazzi (1462–1472), the main seat of the family, for Jacopo de' Pazzi. For the Strozzi, at the Palazzo dello Strozzino he added a piano nobile (c. 1456) in the manner of Palazzo Medici-Riccardi to a ground floor that had been begun by Michelozzo
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Sep Ruf


Sep Ruf (full name Franz Joseph Ruf; 9 March 1908, in Munich – 29 July 1982, in Munich) was a German architect and designer, belonging to the Bauhaus group. He was one of the representatives of modern architecture in Germany after World War II. His elegant buildings received high credits in Germany and Europe and his German pavilion of the Expo 58 in Brussels, built together with Egon Eiermann, achieved worldwide recognition. He attended the Interbau 1957 in Berlin-Hansaviertel and was one of the three architects who
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Palazzo Savorgnan


Palazzo Savorgnan is a palace in Venice, Italy, located in the Cannaregio district and overlooking Canale di Cannaregio, to the right of Palazzo Priuli Manfrin. Built in the 17th century for the noble Savorgnan family, the palazzo is a project by Giuseppe Sardi, a Baroque architect of the nearby Palazzo Surian Bellotto, who was inspired by works of Baldassare Longhena. However, the architectural scholar Elena Bassi admits that the palazzo might have been designed by Giuseppe Gaspari due to the similarity of the building with Ca' Zenobio degli Armeni.
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Palazzo Pazzi


The Palazzo Pazzi, also known as the Palazzo della Congiura or Palazzo Pazzi-Quaratesi is a Renaissance-style palace and is located on Via del Proconsolo 10 at the corner with Borgo Albizzi in Florence, region of Tuscany, Italy. The palace is between the Palazzo Nonfinito and the Palazzo Pazzi-Ammannati to the north. This palace was commissioned by Jacopo de' Pazzi, and built between 1458–1469 in an area mainly occupied by the Pazzi family, "Canto Pazzi". The architect of the palace was Giuliano da Maiano
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Gualino Madonna


The Gualino Madonna is a painting attributed to Italian late medieval artist Duccio di Buoninsegna. It is housed in the Galleria Sabauda of Turin, northern Italy. The provenance of the panel is unknown. In 1910 it was sold on the Florence antiquary market covered by a 16th-century repainting, which was removed in 1920. In 1925 it was acquired by the Turinese entrepreneur and collector Riccardo Gualino who, in 1930, gave it to the Galleria Sabauda. In 1933-1959 it was in London, after which it returned to
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Francesco Azzuri


Francesco Azzurri (Rome, 1831-1901) was an Italian architect. He was the nephew of the architect Giovanni Azzurri, a professor of architecture at the Academy of St. Luke in Rome. Francesco studied Engineering and Architecture at the University of Rome, under San Bartolo and Sereni, afterward in the Accademia di San Luca under his uncle. He traveled extensively. Most of his designs are inside Rome and include the isolated building in piazza Pollarola; the palazzo Pericoli in via di Monserrato; the palazzo Negroni, now palazzo Caffarelli
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Palazzo dei Convertendi


reconstructed until 1941 west of Palazzo Torlonia. The relocation was supervised by Giuseppe Momo, the "court architect" of Pius XI (r. 1922–39), who after 1929 reshaped the new Vatican City. Momo collaborated in the reconstruction with Marcello Piacentini and Attilio Spaccarelli (the designers of via della Conciliazione). The architects moved the palace to an area that, until the mid-19th century, had been occupied by the houses of Soderini, an early Renaissance complex. The accuracy of the reconstruction allows the consideration of the rebuilt Palazzo dei
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Giovanni Agnelli


but had returned large profits to their owners. Agnelli and Gualino made an attempt early in 1918 to take over Credito Italiano. They did not succeed, but joined the board of directors of the bank. Agnelli was vice-president of Gualino's SNIA from 1917 to 1926. In the early 1920s, SNIA began to manufacture artificial textile fibers. In 1920, Gualino and Agnelli participated in recapitalization of the private bank Jean de Fernex and bought a third of the shares of Alfredo Frassati, publisher of "La Stampa".
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Riccardo Gualino


Cupid and a Horse" by Paolo Veronese and "Landscape with a pushcart" by Peter Paul Rubens. The gallery also holds furniture, rugs, paintings, statues, ceramics, archaeological objects and jewelry from the collection. Other works include "Tobias and the Angel" by Antonio del Pollaiolo and "Three Archangels and Tobias" by Filippino Lippi. From 1918 Gualino and Agnelli were closely involved in business arrangements that included cross-holdings in Agnelli's Fiat ("Fabbrica Italiana Automobili Torino") and Gualino's SNIA. Agnelli
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Palazzo Corpi


the first diplomatic premises owned by the United States government in Europe, as well as being one of the first diplomatic buildings to be purchased by the United States. The Palazzo Corpi was built in the late 19th century at the behest of Ignazio Corpi, a wealthy Genoese shipowner who had established his business in the Beyoğlu district of Istanbul. Corpi employed Italian architect Giacomo Leoni to build the palazzo. He also commissioned Georgio Stampa, an architect who had worked on several national embassies in Istanbul, to assist Leoni. Construction began in
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Palazzo style architecture


balance of the simple rectangular components. The Reich Aviation Ministry (now the Finance Ministry), built in 1935–36 is a notable example. With the development of Moderne architecture the palazzo style became less common. Post-modern architecture has seen some revival in the Palazzo style, in greatly simplified and eclectic forms. The Italian architect Aldo Rossi has designed a number of Palazzo style buildings, including Hotel Il Palazzo in Fukuoka, Japan, (1989) which combines elements of a typical palazzo facade, including projecting cornice, with the
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Riccardo Gualino


In 1896, at the age of 17, Gualino moved to Sestri Ponente where he found work in the company of Attilio Bagnara, who imported timber from Florida and was the husband of his sister Marta. Riccardo Gualino was employed as a clerk at the sawmill in Sestri, and supervised the landings and shipments from Genoa. He performed his military service in 1897. In 1899 he was back in Sestri Ponente, where he worked as a traveling salesman working on commission. He proved to be an able salesman, selling lumber in
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Riccardo Gualino


Ukraine and concessions on of forests in the eastern Carpathian Mountains of Romania. The company obtained additional concession in Romania the next year, and began making large investments in sawmills, roads and other infrastructure. In 1910 Gualino bought a controlling interest from Baron Armin von Popper in the Forst Union, an indebted company that had various forest properties in the Habsburg Empire and in Romania and had a key role in the Austrian forest products export cartel. Gualino hoped to use this position to obtain a discount on the cartel's exorbitant prices,
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Riccardo Gualino


but had little success. That year Gualino and his wife launched construction of a castle with almost 150 rooms in Cereseto, a small village near Casale Monferrato. The "Castello di Cereseto", in "Neo-Quattrocento" Piemont-Lombardy style, was completed in 1913. Gualino partnered with the Piaggio family to obtain a small fleet of sailing ships to transport the lumber via the Black Sea rather than by road. He also bought the "Cantiere lombardo" (Lombard Shipyard), which became the "Società nazionale legnami
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Riccardo Gualino


Austrian and German banks. In 1915 some minority shareholders of Gualino's failed lumber company brought a lawsuit against him, but he was acquitted for lack of evidence. In 1910 Gualino had founded the Saint Petersburg Land & Mortgage Company, in partnership with the Anglo-Canadian financier Arthur Grenfell, which had acquired a large amount of land at the mouth of the Neva River in Saint Petersburg for housing development. The company had borrowed funds to reclaim land and had erected the first buildings at great expense. This project was suspended at
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Riccardo Gualino


among a group of intellectuals influenced by Piero Gobetti who had vague but inclusive views about European culture. In June 1922 Gualino moved back to Turin, where he became increasingly interest in modern ballet and decided to help diffuse this form of artistic expression in Italy. In September 1922 his wife, Cesarina, organized a gym in the "Castello di Cereseto" and persuaded a group of Russian dancers to move to Turin, where they established a dance school and a theater, the nucleus for a revival of modern ballet. Gualino was
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Riccardo Gualino


in various business ventures in France, Belgium, Romania, Switzerland and Yugoslavia. As an opponent of Fascism, after World War II (1939–45) Gualino was restored to ownership or control of companies that had been taken from him in 1931. He lived quietly in Rome and Florence, while his business empire flourished once more. Rumianca was active in several manufacturing plants in Italy and elsewhere, making products such as cosmetics, toiletries and polymers. Gualino's took great interest in film, and in 1934 founded two film companies at
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Palazzo Isnello


Palazzo Isnello (also known as Palazzo Termine d'Isnello or Palazzo Sant'Antimo al Cassaro) is an historic palazzo situated between the ancient via del Cassaro and Piazza Borsa, in the Kalsa quarter of Palermo, Sicily. On the "piano nobile" of the house, the vault of the ballroom is frescoed with an "Apotheosis of Palermo", one of seven monumental representations of the Genius of Palermo, ancient numen of the city. The house, constructed during the 18th century and completed circa 1760, was designed by an anonymous architect
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Palazzo Chiericati


The Palazzo Chiericati is a Renaissance palace in Vicenza (northern Italy), designed by Andrea Palladio. Palladio was asked to design and build the palazzo by Count Girolamo Chiericati. The architect started building the palace in 1550, and some further work was completed under the patronage of Chiericati's son, Valerio. However, the palazzo was not fully finished until about 1680, possibly by Carlo Borella. Palladio also designed a country home, the Villa Chiericati, for the family. The palazzo was built in an area called "piazza
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Palazzo Grassi


François Pinault bought the Palazzo Grassi for 29 million euros. The remodeling of the building was assigned to the Japanese architect Tadao Ando. The Palazzo reopened in April 2006 with the exhibit "Where Are We Going?". The Palazzo is divided in 40 rooms, providing 5,000 m² of exhibition floor. Jean-Jacques Aillagon was the museum's first director. In 2007, François Pinault acquired the Punta della Dogana to transform it into a contemporary art museum paired with the Palazzo Grassi. The replanning of the building, which was
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Riccardo Gualino


Riccardo Gualino (25 March 1879 – 6 June 1964) was an Italian trader, financier and industrialist. He was also a patron and collector of art, and a film producer. His first business empire was based on lumber from Eastern Europe and included forest concessions, lumber mills, ships and warehouses. The highly leveraged structure collapsed in 1912–13. Gualino was also involved in manufacturing and distributing cement, and during World War I (1914–18) built and operated cargo ships carrying goods such as coal from the United States to Europe
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Riccardo Gualino


in a broad range of ventures in various European countries. His Lux Film company produced successful neo-realist films after World War II (1939–45). Riccardo Gualino was born in Biella on 25 March 1879 in the Riva neighborhood, the tenth of twelve children. His parents were Giuseppe Gualino, who owned a small jewelry company, and Rina Colombino. The family was moderately well off, and he was able to complete his secondary education, graduating in 1896. He decided not to join his brothers in the family business.
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Riccardo Gualino


more failed attempt in 1924. In 1920 Gualino and Agnelli participated in recapitalization of the private bank Jean de Fernex. In 1921 Gualino acquired the "Banca agricola italiana", a bank that he used to finance his other ventures. The bank absorbed the "Banca agricola di Casale", his pre-war purchase, and various other financial institutions to become a retail bank that often engaged in risky business investments. Agnelli was vice-president of SNIA from 1917 to 1926. In the early 1920s SNIA began to manufacture artificial
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Alessandro Specchi


church of the Trinità dei Monti, but the proposal by the little-known Italian architect Francesco de Sanctis was preferred by the French monks and the Steps were constructed to his design between 1723 and 1728. He designed and was involved with alterations to various Roman palaces: he designed the Palazzo de Carolis on the Via del Corso (now the headquarters of the Banco di Roma),the high altar in the Pantheon, the Palazzo Pichini; and made alterations to the Palazzo Verospi and the Palazzo Albani, and additions to the Palazzo del Quirinale
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Palazzo Salimbeni


style, with detail including the merlons, the Lombard bands under them, the ogival triple mullioned windows, inspired by Siena's Palazzo Pubblico. It was further renovated by architect Pierluigi Spadolini during the 20th century. It faces a square with a statue of the local religious figure Sallustio Bandini, dating to 1882. Neighboring palaces include the Palazzo Santucci (16th century). Facing Palazzo Salimbeni, to the right stands the Palazzo Spannocchi (1470), designed by Giuliano da Maiano. South along Via Banchi di Sopra are the Palaces
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Palazzo Muti Papazzurri


"This palazzo should not be confused with the Palazzo Muti e Santuario della Madonna dell' Archetto" Palazzo Muti Papazzurri is a Baroque palazzo in Rome, Italy. It was built in 1660 by the architect Mattia de' Rossi, a pupil of Gian Lorenzo Bernini. It is thought it was constructed for the newly married Pompeo Muti Papazzurri and Maria Isabella Massimo. A print of 1699 shows a large townhouse built around an open cour d'honneur, the court being entered through a triumphal arch at the centre of a Baroque screen linking
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Palazzo Corpi


The Palazzo Corpi is a 19th-century palazzo in Istanbul, Turkey. The historical building was built for Genoese merchant Ignazio Corpi by Italian architect Giacomo Leoni between 1873 and 1882. The property was bought by the United States government in 1907 to serve as the American embassy in Turkey, and from 1937 to 2003 the Palazzo Corpi housed the Consulate General of the United States of America in Turkey. The US government leased the building in 2014 to Soho House, which currently occupies the structure. The palazzo holds the distinction of being
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Palazzo Torlonia


Palazzo Torlonia (also known as the Palazzo Giraud, Giraud-Torlonia or Castellesi) is a 16th-century Early Renaissance town house in Via della Conciliazione, Rome, Italy. Built for Cardinal Adriano Castellesi da Corneto from 1496, the architect was Andrea Bregno, although others have attributed the design to Bramante. The style of architecture was influenced by that of the papal chancery, the Palazzo della Cancelleria, one of Rome's first Renaissance palaces, which had been completed a few years earlier. The palazzo's arcaded inner courtyard
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Palazzo Della Rovere


Palazzo Della Rovere is a palace in Rome, Italy, facing Via della Conciliazione. It is also known as Palazzo dei Penitenzieri. The construction of the palace was started in 1480 by cardinal Domenico della Rovere, a relative of Pope Sixtus IV della Rovere, perhaps under the design of the Florentine architect Baccio Pontelli. The palazzo was built between 1480 and 1490 on the south side of Piazza Scossacavalli, destroyed in 1937 together with the "spina" di Borgo; Pontelli modelled it closely on the architectural style of Palazzo Venezia,
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Riccardo Gualino


. After the war he was engaged in many enterprises, some in partnership with Giovanni Agnelli of Fiat. His activities included banking, manufacture of rayon, confectionery, chemicals and artificial leather. The Italian economy weakened after a currency revaluation in 1926. Gualino became involved in risky speculations with the French financier Albert Oustric. Their joint enterprises could not survive the world economic crisis of 1929. Gualino failed again in 1930, and lost his freedom for almost two years in 1931–32. He made another recovery after his release and again engaged
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Riccardo Gualino


making, fungicides and a huge pyrite mining complex in Val d'Ossola. Gualino also had business interests in France, where he had been tried and sentenced in January 1933, but where he still had sizable assets. By the mid-1930s he was engaged in French real estate with the "Société anonyme des cafés et restaurants français" and in retail with "Le Bon Marché". He also headed the Luxembourg-based "Consortium privé" financial institution. His friend Oustric was active in the Banque de l'Union Parisienne, which supported Gualino
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Palazzo Mezzanotte


Palazzo Mezzanotte ("Midnight Palace"), also known as Palazzo delle Borse ("Stock Exchange Palace") is a 20th-century building of Milan, Italy, and the seat of the Italian stock exchange. It is located in Piazza Affari ("Business Square"), the city square after which the Italian stock exchange itself is nicknamed. The name "Palazzo Mezzanotte" is a reference to Paolo Mezzanotte, the architect who designed the building. The original stock exchange of Milan was established in 1808 in the
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Palazzo Comitini


Palazzo Comitini, complete name Palazzo Gravina di Comitini, is a Baroque palace of Palermo. It is located in the central Via Maqueda and is the official seat of the Metropolitan City of Palermo (the former Province of Palermo). The palace was built between 1766 and 1781 by the will of Michele Gravina Cruillas, prince of Comitini. The design of the palace was realized by the architect Nicolò Palma. Palazzo Comitini is decorated with many artworks. Particularly suggestive is the so-called ""Sala Martorana"", frescoed
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Palazzo Pitti


official guests and for occasional functions of the court, while the Medicis' principal residence remained the Palazzo Vecchio. It was not until the reign of Eleonora's son Francesco I and his wife Johanna of Austria that the palazzo was occupied on a permanent basis and became home to the Medicis' art collection. Land on the Boboli hill at the rear of the palazzo was acquired in order to create a large formal park and gardens, today known as the Boboli Gardens. The landscape architect employed for this was the Medici court artist
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Palazzo del Viminale


The Palazzo del Viminale is an historic palace in Rome (Italy), seat of the Prime Minister and of the Ministry of Interior since 1925; in 1961 the Prime Minister was transferred to Palazzo Chigi. The palace was commissioned by Giovanni Giolitti, who conceived it as the nerve centre of Italian Executive (at that time the office of Prime Minister and Interior Minister were fulfilled by a single person). The palace was designed in 1911 by the architect Manfredo Manfredi and was officially inaugurated on July 9, 1925. The Palazzo
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Palazzo Antonini, Udine


Palazzo Antonini is a "palazzo" in Udine, northern Italy, designed by architect Andrea Palladio in the middle of the 16th century for the Antonini family, owner of various other palaces in Udine. The present owner is the Bank of Italy. The beginning of construction on the Palazzo Antonini is traditionally said to date to 1556, contemporaneous with the construction of the Bollani arch, another work by Palladio in Udine. The patron was Floriano Antonini, a young and ambitious member of one of the most high-profile families of
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Mario Gioffredo


Mario Gaetano Gioffredo, also called the Neapolitan Vitruvius (14 May 1718 – 8 March 1785), was an Italian architect, engineer, and engraver. He was born and died in Naples. He trained under Martino Buonocore. He was active in a Neoclassical style. He designed the Palazzo Partanna in Naples. He also worked in designs for the Teatrino of the Palazzo d'Afflitto (1748); the design of the Palazzo Latilla (1754), and the Palazzo Cavalcanti (1762). He designed the church of Spirito Santo
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Palazzo Salviati (Dorsoduro)


Palazzo Salviati is a palace on the Grand Canal in the Dorsoduro district (or sestieri) in Venice, northern Italy. It is situated between the Palazzo Barbaro Wolkoff and Palazzo Orio Semitecolo The building was built as a shop and the furnace of the Salviati family between 1903 and 1906, designed by the architect Giacomo Dell'Olivo. The company was founded in 1859 by Antonio Salviati. In 1924 the building underwent a major renovation, which involved the addition of an extra floor and the placement of a large mosaic façade. Structurally the façade
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Palazzo Parisio (Valletta)


by the Malta Environment and Planning Authority. It is also listed on the National Inventory of the Cultural Property of the Maltese Islands. Palazzo Parisio was designed by the architect Peruzzi, and it contains elements from both neoclassical and baroque architecture. The palace consists of three blocks, which surround a central courtyard. The façade contains an elaborate columned doorway, supporting a timber balcony. There are three windows on either side of the doorway. Exterior of Palazzo Parisio Interior of Palazzo Parisio The ceilings and walls of the palace have a number
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Palazzo Grassi


the largest-sited. The Grassi family sold the palazzo in 1840, with ownership that followed passing through many different individuals. In 1857, the building was bought by Baron Simeone De Sina. A small scenic garden was created adjacent to the building. The Palazzo was purchased by the Fiat Group in 1983, under the late chairman Gianni Agnelli, and it underwent a complete restoration overseen by architect Gae Aulenti. The group's aim was to transform Palazzo Grassi into an exhibition hall for the visual arts. It continues to be
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Palazzo Dalla Torre


Palazzo Dalla Torre is a patrician palace in Verona, northern Italy, designed by architect Andrea Palladio for Giambattista Dalla Torre. The "palazzo" was probably built from 1555, but remained unfinished. Allied bombardment in 1945 demolished a great part of the building. However, conspicuous remains of Palladio’s construction survive: the majestic access portal and a courtyard with columns and entablature. Palladio’s only work in the city of Verona, Palazzo Dalla Torre is somewhat of a mystery. If the dating is uncertain (the majority of scholars
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Palazzo Contarini del Bovolo


to an arcade, providing an impressive view of the city roof-tops. This palazzo has been visitable since February 2016. The "palazzo" was designed and built in its current form in the 15th century by the architect Giovanni Candi as one of the city residences of the Contarini family. Giorgio Spavento is believed to have been responsible for the addition of the grand spiral staircase on the exterior in 1499. The Palazzo del Bovolo was chosen by Orson Welles as one of the main locations (Brabantio's house) for his
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Palazzo Papadopoli


The Palazzo Papadopoli is a Baroque-style palace located on the Canal Grande of Venice, between Palazzo Giustinian Businello and Palazzo Donà a Sant'Aponal in the Sestiere of San Polo, Venice, Italy. The palace was commissioned in the middle of the 16th century by the Coccina family from the architect Giangiacomo dei Grigi, son of Guglielmo dei Grigi. This family from Bergamo had recently joined the Venetian patriciate. The palace was complete by 1570. In 1748, the palace came to hands of the Tiepolo family. In 1745, the
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Palazzo Giusti, Venice


The Palazzo Giusti, also known as the Palazzo Miani Coletti Giusti, is a Neoclassic-style palace located on the Canal Grande of Venice, between Ca' d'Oro and Palazzo Fontana Rezzonico in the Sestiere of Cannaregio, Venice, Italy. The palace was built in 1766, and soon became property of the Miani family, who sold it to the Coletti, then the Giusti. Along with the adjacent Ca' d'Oro, it houses portions of the Galleria Giorgio Franchetti alla Ca' d'Oro. The architect Antonio Visentini designed the four
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Palazzo Civran


The Palazzo Civran is a Neoclassical style palace, located between the Campiello del Remer and the smaller Palazzo Perducci on the Grand Canal in the sestiere of Cannaregio in Venice, Italy. There is a separate Palazzo Civran Grimani on the Canal. The palace was rebuilt circa 1700 by the architect Giorgio Massari atop an earlier Gothic structure. The palace had belonged to the Civran since the 14th century, and even as late as 1797, it still belonged to Senator Piero Civran and his brother Vicenzo. In the 19th century, it was
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Palazzo Riso


The Palazzo Riso, or RISO, Museo d’Arte Contemporanea della Sicilia ("RISO, Contemporary Art Museum of Sicily" also known as Palazzo Belmonte Riso), is a regional contemporary art museum located in the ancient Corso Vittorio Emanuele, Palermo, Italy. The Palazzo Riso's architecture clearly shows the final days of Sicilian Baroque as it was transformed into Neoclassicism. Designed by the architect Giuseppe Venanzio Marvuglia, the house was constructed at the end of the 18th century and completed in 1784. It became property of the Prince of Belmonte
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Palazzo Labia


. The French traveller and social commentator Charles de Brosses reported that in old age she had a lively wit, flirtatious nature and possessed the finest collection of jewels in Europe. This collection was also portrayed in some of Tiepolo's work in the palazzo. While the palazzo was begun at the very end of the 17th century it can be considered a product of the 18th century, such architects as Baldassarre Longhena had previously dominated the palazzo architecture of the city in a style exemplified by dramatic facades, rich in moulding with detached columns
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Piazza della Scala


south-east, is the facade of Palazzo Marino, Milan's city hall. Another relevant building on the square, on the north-eastern side, is the Palazzo della Banca Commerciale Italiana. The south-western side of the square has the entry to the Galleria Vittorio Emanuele as well as Palazzo Beltrami. Most of the architecture of the square is due to architect Luca Beltrami, who designed the eponymous palace, the facade of Palazzo Marino, and the Banca Commerciale Italiana building. The centre of the square is marked
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Palazzo dei Giureconsulti


The Giureconsulti Palace (in Italian: Palazzo dei Giureconsulti), also known as Palazzo Affari ai Giureconsulti or simply Palazzo Affari, is a 16th-century building of Milan, Italy. It is located in Piazza Mercanti, former city centre in the Middle Ages. The construction of the palace began in 1562 on a design by architect Vincenzo Seregni. The palace replaced an older one (dating back to the 13th century), which was demolished. The overall style of the building and its decoration is Manneristic. A pre-
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Palazzo Partanna, Naples


The Palazzo Partanna, also once known as Palazzo Coscia is a monumental palace, located on Piazza dei Martiri 64-66 on the western edge of the neighborhood of Chiaia in Naples, Italy. The palace faces the Piazza dei Martiri. The palace we see today was restored by the architect Mario Gioffredo (1718-1785). In the 19th century, Antonio Niccolini also worked on its reconstruction when it became known as "Palazzo Cocozza", and housed the Cardinal Niccolò Coscia, the brother of Duke Baldassarre Coscia. Subsequent
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Palazzo Muti


as the rightful kings of Great Britain and Ireland. The Palazzo Muti should not be confused with the Palazzo Muti Papazzurri in the Piazza della Pilotta which was designed by Mattia de' Rossi in 1660. The Palazzo Muti stands on a street corner, and is constructed on four floors. The architect was Mattia de Rossi who had been commissioned to build a residence for Giovanni Battista Muti Papazzurri, a member of one of Rome's patrician families. The principal facade, today painted ochre and decorated only by quoining is of just three
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Palazzo Annoni


Palazzo Annoni (also known as Palazzo Annoni-Cicogna Mozzoni) is a 17th-century Baroque building in Milan, Italy. It is located at nr. 6 of Corso di Porta Romana. The construction of the building began in 1631 on a design by architect Francesco Maria Richini for the rich silk merchant Paolo Annoni. Chronicles from the 17th Centuries report that rivalry between the Annoni and the Acerbi (the family that owned the building located opposite to Palazzo Annoni, on the other side of the street) had those families competing
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Palazzo style architecture


in Buckinghamshire, (1849–51). After Charles Barry, the Palazzo style was adopted for different purposes, particularly banking. The Belfast Bank had its premises remodelled by Sir Charles Lanyon in 1845. No. 15 Kensington Palace Gardens (1854) by James Thomas Knowles freely adapts features of the palazzo. A major 19th-century architect to work extensively in the "Palazzo style" was Edmund Blacket. Blacket arrived in Sydney, Australia, just a few years before the discovery of gold in NSW and Victoria in 1851. Within
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Palazzo Schio


Palazzo Schio (also known as Palazzo Schio Vaccari Lioy Angaran) is a patrician palace of the 16th century in Vicenza, northern Italy, whose facade was designed by the architect Andrea Palladio in 1560. In 1560 Palladio designed for Bernardo Schio the facade of his house in Vicenza, in the neighbourhood of the Ponte Pusterla. Since Palladio was occupied in these years with a series of Venetian projects which required his almost permanent presence in the capital of the Venetian Republic, his supervision of the building works on the Palazzo Schio became so
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Palazzo Litta, Milan


The Palazzo Litta, also known as the Palazzo Arese-Litta, is a Baroque structure in Milan, northern Italy, opposite San Maurizio al Monastero Maggiore, and dating from the period of Spanish rule of the city. In 2018, it served as a cultural center, housing exhibition spaces, offices, and a theater. Architect Francesco Maria Richini built the nucleus of the palazzo in the years 1642–1648 for Count Bartolomeo Arese, a member of one of the most influential Milanese families of the period who became President of the Senate
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Palazzo Barbarigo della Terrazza


The Palazzo Barbarigo dalla Terrazza is a Baroque-style palace on the Grand Canal, across the Rio San Polo from the Palazzo Cappello Layard and adjacent to the Palazzo Pisani Moretta in the sestiere of San Polo, in Venice, Italy. In 2015, it housed the "Centro Tedesco di Studi Veneziani". The patrician Daniele Barbarigo commissioned the palace from the architect Bernardin Contin, and construction took place during 1566-1570. The Barbarigo collection that included a number of Titian paintings was sold to czars during the 1850s, and
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Palazzo Firrao, Naples


The Palazzo Firrao or Palazzo Bisignano, once called Palazzo di Santa Agata, is a monumental palace located on Via Santa Maria di Costantinopoli number 98, facing Piazza Bellini, in central Naples, Italy. A palace at the site existed by the early 1500s, since it is known it once sported external frescoes by Polidoro di Caravaggio. The palace was purchased in the early 17th century by Cesare Firrao, Prince of Sant’Agata and Luzzi, in Calabria. It is generally held that he commissioned the Baroque architect Cosimo Fanzago to rebuild the
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Palazzo Grimani di San Luca


The Palazzo Grimani di San Luca is a Renaissance-style palace, located between the Palazzo Corner Valmarana and the Rio di San Luca and the flanking Palazzo Corner Contarini dei Cavalli on the Grand Canal in the sestiere of San Marco of the city of Venice, Italy. The palace was built in the mid-16th century for procurator Gerolamo Grimani by architect Michele Sanmicheli, and completed after his death by Gian Giacomo de' Grigi, known as "il Bergamasco". It has a classical plan with a central atrium. The facade has
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Palazzo d'Aquino di Caramanico, Naples


The Palazzo d'Aquino di Caramanico in central Naples, Italy, is a Palace located on via Medina in the Quartiere San Giuseppe of Rione Carita. It is flanked by the contemporary Palazzo Giordano and two doors down from the tall modern NH Ambassador Hotel. The Rococo architect Ferdinando Fuga worked on construction during 1775 and 1780 of this palace (and played a large role in the design of the adjacent Palazzo Giordano. The interior was frescoed by Giovanni Funaro and Nicola Malinconico. During 1927, the palace became offices of the Fascist party.
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Palazzo Nonfinito


The Palazzo Nonfinito is a Mannerist-style palace located on Via del Proconsolo #12, (corner with Via del Corso) in central Florence, region of Tuscany, Italy. Begun in 1593 using designs by the architect Bernardo Buontalenti, only the first floor was completed, and additional construction was added later by different architects. The Palace is presently the home of the Anthropology and Ethnology section of the Museum of Natural History of Florence. In 1592, Alessandro Strozzi commissioned construction at the site on lands that had originally belonged,
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Palazzo Nonfinito


among others, to the Pazzi family. This palace is separated by an alley from the Renaissance-style Palazzo Pazzi. The architect Bernardo Buontalenti and his pupil Matteo Nigetti worked on the ground floor (1592-1600), which is characterized by Mannerist touches in the window cartouches and brackets, as well as the side portal. The facade has a heraldic shield of the Strozzi family. The recruitment of the artists Santi di Tito to construct the entrance staircase, prompted the other architects to resign the enterprise. The main entrance
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Palazzo Medici Riccardi


separate rooms and apartments. The palazzo was also a start to not only Michelozzo's climb in status as an architect, but also as "the prototype of the Tuscan Renaissance palazzo," and became a repeated style in many of Michelozzo's later work. It was one of the first buildings to have a grand staircase that was not a secular design and for a building of this time and the status symbol of the client at the time, it was a simple and modest-looking building, however it was one of
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