Eusebius of Vercelli [SEP] canonization status
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Eusebius of Vercelli


them in piety and zeal. For this reason the Canons Regular of St. Augustine honor him along with Augustine as their founder. In 354, Pope Liberius asked Eusebius to join Bishop Lucifer of Cagliari in carrying a request to the Emperor Constantius II at Milan, pleading for the emperor to convoke a council to end the dissentions over the status of Athanasius of Alexandria and the matter of Arianism. The synod was held in Milan in 355. Eusebius attended part of the council, but refused to condemn Athanasius and so was exiled,
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Vercelli Cathedral


Vercelli Cathedral (, "Cattedrale di Sant'Eusebio") is the principal church of the city of Vercelli in Piedmont, Italy, and the cathedral of the Archdiocese of Vercelli. It is dedicated to Saint Eusebius of Vercelli, the first bishop. The present cathedral is built on the site of earlier ones. The construction of the first, in the 4th century, is ascribed to Saint Eusebius himself, who, it is believed, built it over an ancient necropolis containing the remains of Saint Theonestus, to whom Eusebius dedicated it
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Canons Regular of the Lateran


The Canons Regular of the Lateran (CRL), formally titled the Canons Regular of St. Augustine of the Congregation of the Most Holy Savior at the Lateran, is an international congregation of an order of canons regular, comprising priests and lay brothers in the Catholic Church. The canons regular trace their origins to the 4th century reforms of the clergy by Martin of Tours in France and Eusebius of Vercelli in Italy. They and other bishops sought to model the accepted lifestyles of their clergy in a domestic model, based on the communal
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Theonestus of Vercelli


by the Arians. This saint of Altinum, whose legend, in any case, is confused and contradictory, may have been confused for the martyr of Vercelli, whose historicity is more certain. The only ancient source that mentions Saint Theonestus is the "Vita" of Saint Eusebius of Vercelli. This text records the fact that Eusebius (d. 371 AD) wished to be buried near the relics of Theonestus, which lay outside of the city walls of Vercelli. Eusebius dedicated a basilica he built to Theonestus, and was interred
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Eusebius of Vercelli


Eusebius of Vercelli (c. March 2, 283 – August 1, 371) was an bishop from Sardinia and is counted a saint. Along with Athanasius, he affirmed the divinity of Jesus against Arianism. Eusebius was born in Sardinia, in 283. After his father's martyrdom, he was taken to Rome by his mother, where he later became a lector. He became the first bishop in Vercelli (in northern Italy), probably sometime in the early- to mid-340s. According to a letter of Ambrose to the congregation
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Gaudentius of Novara


Saint Gaudentius (fl. end of 4th century-early 5th century) was a bishop of Novara, considered the first of that city. Tradition states that he was born to a pagan family at Ivrea, and was then converted to Christianity by Eusebius of Vercelli. Some sources say that Eusebius ordained Gaudentius a priest, and that Gaudentius was sent to Novara by Eusebius to assist a Christian priest named Laurence (Laurentius) there. Eusebius of Vercelli was exiled after a synod held at Milan (355); some sources state
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Canons regular


was known as "Ordo Antiquus". The first who successfully united the clerical state with the monastic observance was St Eusebius, Bishop of Vercelli. This way of living was also established by St Zeno, Bishop of Verona, and St. Ambrose at Milan. It was under St Augustine that the "canonical life" reached its apotheosis. None of the holy fathers was so enthusiastic about and enthralled by the community life of the Apostolic Church of Jerusalem (Acts 4:31-35) as St. Augustine. To live this out in
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Black Virgin of Oropa


The Black Virgin of Oropa, is a statue of the Virgin Mary located in the Sanctuary of Oropa, a Roman Catholic devotional complex in the "comune" of Biella, Piedmont, northern Italy. The original image of the Black Virgin of Monte Oropa was made in the third century. She was brought by St. Eusebius of Vercelli from the Middle East to his diocese of Vercelli. The image was made of cedar of Lebanon and painted black. A mid-fourth century intensified the persecution of Mary (mother of Jesus)
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Eusebius of Vercelli


in Vercelli two decades after Eusebius' death, the local leaders recognized his piety and thus elected him rather than local candidates ("Epistola lxiii, Ad Vercellenses"). Inspired by St Athanasius's "Life of St Anthony", he founded a priestly community in Vercelli that resembled a monastic community. This coenobium, in turn, inspired others such as Gaudentius of Novara, Eustasius of Aosta, and Maximus of Turin. He was the first bishop to live in common with the clergy, devoting his best energies to form
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Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Vercelli


the episcopate of Saint Eusebius, new dioceses were erected. From Eusebius to Nottingo (830) there were forty bishops, whose images were preserved in the Eusebian basilica, predecessor of the present cathedral, so called because Saint Eusebius, who dedicated it to the martyr Saint Theonestus, was interred in it. He introduced the common and monastic life among his clergy, from whom bishops for the surrounding territory were often selected. In 1817 the Diocese of Vercelli, then suffragan of the archbishopric of Turin (but previously of the archbishopric
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Roman Catholic Diocese of Biella


diocese, which again fell under the jurisdiction of Vercelli, but was re-established in 1817 by Pope Pius VII who appointed as bishop the Observant Franciscan, Bernardino Bollati. In the shrine of Maria Santissima d'Oropa, situated on a mountain near Biella, the diocese preserves a memorial of St. Eusebius of Vercelli, who was banished to the Orient by Emperor Constantius for his defence of Catholicism against Arianism. St. Eusebius, according to tradition, upon his return from the East, is said to have brought three pictures of the Madonna
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Eusebius of Vercelli


the sufferings he endured in standing up for his faith. Later legends of his martyrdom have no historical basis. The Roman Catholic Church celebrates his feast on August 2. His former feast day of December 16 roughly coincided with his elevation as bishop. His current feast day roughly coincides with the anniversary of his death. Vercelli Cathedral is dedicated to him. In a General Audience in October 2007, Pope Benedict XVI observed, Therefore, Pastors, Eusebius said, must urge the faithful not to consider the cities of the world as
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Theonestus of Vercelli


Saint Theonestus of Vercelli is venerated as a martyr by the Catholic Church. Theonestus may have been a member of the early Christian community in Vercelli, living in an era earlier than that of Eusebius of Vercelli. Theonestus may have been a martyr, whose relics were buried in the cemetery where other Christians were buried, outside the city walls. It is believed that his whole body was conserved in the tomb dedicated to him. He is probably not the saint of the same name who was said to have been killed at Altinum
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Sanctuary of Oropa


The Sanctuary of Oropa (), is a group of Roman Catholic buildings and structures in the municipality of Biella, Italy. It is located at a height of 1,159 metres in a small valley of the Alpi Biellesi. According to legend, a black wooden statue of the Virgin Mary carved by Saint Luke was found in Jerusalem by Saint Eusebius of Vercelli, carried to Oropa in the 4th century AD and placed into a small niche in a big boulder. In the Middle Ages, a church was built around the niche housing
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Eusebius of Vercelli


first to Scythopolis in Syria, under the watchful eye of the Arian bishop Patrophilus, whom Eusebius calls his jailer, then to Cappadocia, and lastly to the Thebaid, in Upper Egypt. Several letters surrounding the council written to or by Eusebius still survive, as do two letters written by him during his exile. In the latter place Eusebius was dragged through the streets and persecuted in many ways, but never gave up the Catholic faith. Upon the accession of Julian, the exiled bishops were free to return to their sees
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Vercelli


the "Torre dell’Angelo", which rears up over the old market square, and the "Torre di Città "in Via Gioberti. Vercelli Cathedral, formerly adorned with precious pillars and mosaics, was erected and enlarged by Saint Eusebius of Vercelli, to whom it was dedicated after his death. It was remodeled as of the ninth century, and radically changed in the eighteenth by Count Alfieri. Like the other churches in the city, it contains valuable paintings, especially those of Gaudenzio Ferrari, Gerolamo Giovenone and Bernardino Lanino,
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Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Vercelli


lectionary the Gospel was first preached in Vercelli in the second half of the third century by Saints Sabinianus (Savinian) and Martialis, bishops from Gaul, when they were returning to their dioceses. The episcopal see was not established till after the Peace of Constantine. The first bishop was Saint Eusebius (354–370), a Sardinian lector of the Roman Church and a strenuous opponent of Arianism. From Vercelli the Gospel spread through the valley of the Po and its environs; towards the end of the fourth century, perhaps even during
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Synod of Milan


Nicaean faith, Eusebius of Vercelli. Lucifer there defended the Bishop of Alexandria (Athanasius) with much passion and in very violent language, thus furnishing the adversaries of the great Alexandrian with a pretext for resentment and further violence, and causing a new condemnation of Athanasius. The bishop of Milan Dionysius initially seemed ready to follow the Arians in condemning Athanasius, accused not of heresy but of lese-majesty against the Emperor. With the arrival of Eusebius the situation changed: Eusebius requested an immediate subscription of the Nicaean faith by the
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Lucifer of Cagliari


St Eusebius of Rome, he become a scholar in Greek and Hebrew languages, and then was baptized by the Pope Eusebius. St Lucifer wrote a well documented "Vita S. Eusebii Vercellensis" (from Latin, "Life of Saint Eusebius of Vercelli"). After the death of Constantius and the accession of Julian the Apostate, Lucifer and other expatriated bishops were allowed to return from exile in 361 or 362. However, he would not be reconciled to former Arians. He opposed the Bishop Meletius, who came to accept
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Eusebius of Vercelli


deposed and exiled by the Arians in 331, and those of the Meletians. Since Meletius' election in 361 was brought about chiefly by the Arians, the Eustathians would not recognize him, although he solemnly proclaimed his orthodox faith after his episcopal consecration. The Alexandrian synod had desired that Eusebius should reconcile the Eustathians with Bishop Meletius, by purging his election of whatever might have been irregular in it, but Eusebius found that Lucifer of Cagliari had also passed that way, and had unilaterally consecrated Paulinus, the leader of the Eustathians
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Eusebius of Vercelli


. Eusebius passed through Alexandria and there attended Athanasius' synod of 362 which confirmed the divinity of the Holy Ghost and the orthodox doctrine concerning the Incarnation. The synod also agreed both to deal mildly with the repentant bishops who had signed Arianizing creeds under pressure and to impose severe penalties upon the leaders of several of the Arianizing factions. While still on his way home, Eusebius took the synod's decisions to Antioch and hoped to reconcile the schism there. The church was divided between adherents of Eustathius of Antioch, who had been
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Theonestus of Vercelli


in it. This text, however, was written in the 8th century, and thus its reliability as a source is doubtful; a basilica dedicated to Theonestus may have existed by the fourth century. When this basilica was progressively demolished in the 16th century, the sepulchers of Eusebius and Theonestus are purported to have been discovered. A cruciform inscription, now lost, read "S. MARTIR THEONESTUS", and was judged to date from the 4th century. Theonestus' relics are now situated in the cathedral of Vercelli, in a
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Gerolamo Giovenone


Gerolamo Giovenone (1486/1487 – 1555), also spelled "Girolamo", was an Italian painter of the early Renaissance period, active mainly in Milan. He was born in Vercelli. He was the teacher of the painter Gaudenzio Ferrari and possibly also taught il Sodoma. In Milan, he painted the "Resurrection" for the church of the Augustines. An altarpiece fragment depicting an "Adoration of the Virgin and Child by Saints Nicola da Tolentino and Eusebius" is displayed by the Museo Borgogna in Vercelli. A "Virgin and
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Eusebius of Vercelli


, as Bishop of Antioch. Unable to reconcile the factions, he continued towards home, visiting other churches along the way in the interest of promulgating and enforcing the orthodox faith. Once back in Vercelli in 363, he continued to be a leader with Hilary of Poitiers in defeating Arianism in the Western Church, and was one of the chief opponents of the Arian bishop Auxentius of Milan. He died in 370 or 371. Although in the middle ages he was sometimes referred to as a martyr, this was more to honor
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Eusebius


. For an easier survey of the material of the four Evangelists, Eusebius divided his edition of the New Testament into paragraphs and provided it with a synoptical table so that it might be easier to find the pericopes that belong together. These canon tables or "Eusebian canons" remained in use throughout the Middle Ages, and illuminated manuscript versions are important for the study of early medieval art, as they are the most elaborately decorated pages of many Gospel books. Eusebius detailed in "Epistula ad Carpianum" how to use his canons
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Atto of Vercelli


", which translates roughly to “Excerpt chapters of canons about the different decretal statute councils and the corresponding letters to the legal judgment in the time of the lord Bishop Atto.” W. C. Korfmacher uses the shortened "Canones statutaque Vercellensis Ecclesiae", roughly meaning “Canons and Statutes of the Church of Vercelli.” Paul Collins prefers the abbreviated "Capitulare", simply meaning “capitulary.” It is clear in their writing, however, that Collins, Korfmacher, and Fowler-Magerl reference the same work, namely
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Epistula ad Carpianum


The Epistula ad Carpianum ("Letter to Carpian") or Letter of Eusebius is the title traditionally given to a letter from Eusebius of Caesarea to a Christian named Carpianus. In this letter, Eusebius explains his ingenious system of Gospel harmony, the Eusebian Canons (tables) that divide the four Canonical gospels, and describes their purpose, ten in number. Eusebius explains that Ammonius the Alexandrian had made a system in which he placed sections of the gospels of Mark, Luke and John next to their parallel sections in Matthew.
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Scythopolis (see)


exile of Eusebius of Vercelli to Scythopolis – Eusebius calls him his "jailer". In 359 he was a member of a delegation sent to Emperor Constantius II to protest against depositions of Arian clergy by Basil of Caesarea. He was deposed by the Council of Seleucia in 359 and died soon after. Philostorgius mentions that in 361 his body was disinterred and his bones scattered during the pagan reaction under Julian. Other bishops of Scythopolis include Philip and Athanasius, both Arians; Saturninus, present at the First Council of Constantinople in 381
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Second Epistle of Peter


Polycarp (d. 155), and Justin (d. 165). Eusebius (c. 275–339) professed his own doubts (see also Antilegomena), and is the earliest direct testimony of such, though he stated that the majority supported the text, and by the time of Jerome (c. 346–420) it had been mostly accepted as canonical. The Peshitta, the standard version of the Bible for churches in the Syriac tradition, does not contain the Second Epistle of Peter and thus rejects its canonical status. In both content and
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Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Vercelli


The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Vercelli (in Latin, "Archidioecesis Vercellensis") is a Latin rite Metropolitan see in northern Italy, one of the two archdioceses which form the ecclesiastical region of Piedmont. The archbishop's seat is in Basilica Cattedrale di S. Eusebio, a minor basilica dedicated to its canonized first bishop, in Vercelli, Piemonte (Piedmont). The city also has two Minor basilicas: Basilica di S. Andrea and Basilica di S. Maria Maggiore The suffragan dioceses under the Metropolitan of Vercelli are: According to an ancient
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Atto of Vercelli


middle of the 9th Century. Atto inexplicably decided to warn against the consultation of magicians and seers in all ranks of the clergy during his time as Bishop of Vercelli, although there is little evidence that it was still widely regarded as a problem. Atto of Vercelli's literary canon survives in partial form, and is largely instructional. His sermons can be found in contemporary anthologies, such as Atto's “on Palm Sunday (Sermon VII)” in Ray C. Petry's "No Uncertain Sound: Sermons that Shaped the Pulpit
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John of Vercelli


Blessed John of Vercelli, O.P. (Giovanni da Vercelli) ( 1205 – 30 November 1283), was the sixth Master General of the Dominican Order (1264-1283). John was born in 1205 to the Garbella family in Mosso Santa Maria in the Province of Biella, in the Piedmont region of Italy. He did his initial studies in Paris (one could not graduate in the Arts before the age of 21, and only after a minimum of six years of study), and then studied canon law in Paris
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Albert of Vercelli


Saint Albert of Jerusalem ("Albertus Hierosolymitanus", also "Blessed Albert", "Albert of Vercelli" or "Alberto Avogadro"; died 14 September 1214) was a canon lawyer. He was Bishop of Bobbio and Bishop of Vercelli, and served as mediator and diplomat under Pope Clement III. Innocent III appointed him Patriarch of Jerusalem in 1204 or 1205. In Jerusalem, he contributed the Carmelite Rule of St. Albert to the newly-founded Carmelite Order. He is honoured as a saint in the Roman Catholic Church
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Eusebius of Esztergom


Blessed Eusebius of Esztergom (, , ; Esztergom, Hungary ca. 1200 – Szentkereszt (today Pilisszentkereszt), Hungary, 20 January 1270) was a Hungarian canon, hermit and the founder of the Order of Saint Paul the First Hermit. Eusebius was born around the year 1200 in Esztergom, Esztergom County, Hungary. According to Gergely Gyöngyösi's book "The life of the hermit brothers of I Saint Paul the Hermit" ("Vitae fratrum Eremitarum Ordinis Sancti Pauli Primi Eremitae", 1496) Eusebius came from a well
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Toros Roslin


are in it; the wonderful elegance of the beauty of those which were destroyed by fire is beyond the power of words." The principal innovation of Roslin in regards to ornaments within canon tables is the addition of bust portraits. In the Gospel of 1262 (MS No. 2660), Eusebius and Carpianus are represented as full figures standing in the outer margins of the Letter of Eusebius. Roslin also represented prophets such as David, Moses and John the Baptist. This system was highly unusual for canon table decoration, for
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Book of Kells


the lists for Mark and John. The first list fragment is followed by the canon tables of Eusebius of Caesarea. These tables, which predate the text of the Vulgate, were developed to cross-reference the Gospels. Eusebius divided the Gospel into chapters and then created tables that allowed readers to find where a given episode in the life of Christ was located in each of the Gospels. The canon tables were traditionally included in the prefatory material in most medieval copies of the Vulgate text of the Gospels. The tables in the
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Antilegomena


"false" or "heretical". There was disagreement in the Early Church on whether or not the respective texts deserved canonical status. The first major church historian, Eusebius, who wrote his Church History c. AD 325, applied the Greek term "antilegomena" to the disputed writings of the Early Church: The Epistle to the Hebrews had earlier been listed: Codex Sinaiticus, a 4th-century text and possibly one of the Fifty Bibles of Constantine, includes the Shepherd of Hermas and the Epistle of Barnabas. The original
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John the Presbyter


of Revelation, the canonical status of which he disputed as he disagreed with its content, especially the Chiliasm implied in the "millennial kingdom". The view of Eusebius was taken up by the Church Father Jerome in "De Viris Illustribus" ("On Illustrious Men"). In Chapter 9, which deals with the Apostle John and his writings, he ascribes to the apostle both the Gospel and the First Epistle, and continues to say the other two may have been written by the either presbyter or the apostle:
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New Testament


." Eusebius, "circa" 300, gave a detailed list of New Testament writings in his "Ecclesiastical History" Book 3, Chapter XXV: The Book of Revelation is counted as both accepted (Kirsopp Lake translation: "Recognized") and disputed, which has caused some confusion over what exactly Eusebius meant by doing so. From other writings of the church fathers, it was disputed with several canon lists rejecting its canonicity. EH 3.3.5 adds further detail on Paul: "Paul's fourteen epistles are well known and
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Eusebius


Eusebius of Caesarea (; , "Eusébios tés Kaisareías";  260/265 – 339/340), also known as Eusebius Pamphili (from the , was a historian of Christianity, exegete, and Christian polemicist. He became the bishop of Caesarea Maritima about 314 AD. Together with Pamphilus, he was a scholar of the Biblical canon and is regarded as an extremely learned Christian of his time. He wrote "Demonstrations of the Gospel", "Preparations for the Gospel", and "On Discrepancies between the Gospels", studies of the
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Gratus of Aosta


Saint Gratus of Aosta (, ) (d. September 7, c. AD 470) was a bishop of Aosta and is the city's patron saint. It is thought that both Gratus and Eustasius were of Greek origin and that they received their education and ecclesiastical formation from the type of monastic foundation in Italy established by Eusebius of Vercelli, which was modeled on that of the Eastern cenobites. He is known to have signed the acts of the synod of Milan in AD 451 as a priest. Gratus represented the bishop of Aosta
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Development of the Old Testament canon


compiled by a Christian source is recorded by the 4th century historian Eusebius. Eusebius describes the collection of a 2nd century bishop, Melito of Sardis. Melito's list, dated to circa 170, the result of a trip to the Holy Land (probably the famous library at Caesarea Maritima) to determine both the order and number of books in the Hebrew Bible, instead seems to follow the order of the books presented in the Septuagint. Melito's list, as cited by Eusebius, as follows: According to Archibald Alexander,
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Eusebius of Esztergom


-known Hungarian family. Cécile Tormay states that Eusebius was a relative of the royal family of the Hungarian Kingdom. It can be found in other sources that he was the son of the granger of the royal court. As a child, Eusebius had shown his deep religious faith and an ability to learn. He spent a lot of time in prayer and contemplation. He studied in the Seminar of Esztergom to become a priest. Later, he was named canon in Esztergom County, and distributed his prebend among the poor.
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Vercelli Cathedral


. After Eusebius's death he was buried there himself, and the dedication changed accordingly. This building was destroyed during the Gothic invasions of the 5th century. Its replacement was a large basilica inspired by those of Rome and Ravenna. A major refurbishment was carried out in the 9th century. In the 11th century another major restoration took place, as a consequence of extreme decay and in particular of a serious fire in 997 that threatened the stability of the structure. In the 12th century the present campanile was built, and the
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Athanasius of Alexandria


Milan, most from the West, only a few from the East, in 355. They met in the Church of Milan. Shortly, the Emperor ordered them to a hall in the Imperial Palace, thus ending any free debate. He presented an Arian formula of faith for their acceptance. He threatened any who refused with exile and death. All, with the exception of Dionysius (bishop of Milan), and the two Papal Legates, viz., Eusebius of Vercelli and Lucifer of Cagliari, consented to the Arian
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Arian creeds


be God, Word, or Logos incarnate, and not mere human; and as such it was the God within that animated the flesh, not a human soul. In 364, Hilary of Poitiers tried to have Auxentius of Milan deposed for heresy. Hilary was a committed advocate of the Nicene Creed, while Auxentius was an Arian. Hilary and Eusebius of Vercelli reported Auxentius to the Emperor Valentinian I. Unlike Constantius II, Valentinian tried to remain neutral and avoid involvement in ecclesiastical affairs. The Emperor ordered an investigation of Auxentius'
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Giovanni Felice Ramelli


Giovanni Felice Ramelli (1666–1740) was an Italian painter of the Baroque period, active mainly in Rome. He also became an abbot of the Augustinian order of Canons Regular of the Lateran. He was born in Asti in the Piedmont. He became a monk in the abbey of Santa Andrea in Vercelli; then moved to the abbey of San Pietro, Gattinara. In 1707, he was named abbott of Santa Maria Nova of Asti. He initially trained in Vercelli with the monk Danese Rho, a manuscript illuminator. He was
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Roman Catholic Diocese of Ivrea


fortifications. The confused situation of the dioceses in Piedmont was addressed by Pope Pius VII in his bull, "Beati Petri" (17 July 1817) as far as the redrawing of diocesan boundaries was concerned. Bishop Grimaldi of Ivrea, who had also been Administrator of the diocese of Vercelli since 1814, was named the first Archbishop of Vercelli on 1 October 1817. The Cathedral of Santa Maria Assunta is located on the Via San Savino in Ivrea. The Cathedral was served by a Chapter of Canons, which was headed by
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San Lorenzo di Valsanzibio


San Lorenzo di Valsanzibio is a Roman Catholic parish church in the frazione of Valsanzibio of the comune of Galzignano Terme, province of Padova, region of Veneto, Italy. The first parish church in Valsanzibio was an ancient church dedicated to St Eusebius, former bishop of Vercelli. Since the pope fought Arian heresy, it is remarkable for a church of this name in former Lombard territory, a tribe known for Arianism. In the 17th-century, under venetian rule, the church was reconstructed. In 1687 under a procurator Barbarigo
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Lucifer of Cagliari


supporter of Arian theology, confined Lucifer for three days in the Imperial Palace, where Lucifer continued to argue vehemently on behalf of Athanasius. Along with Eusebius of Vercelli and Dionysius of Milan, Lucifer was exiled for his opposition to the imperial ecclesiastical policy. He was banished first to Germanicia, the see of bishop Eudoxius, thereafter to Palestine and finally to the Thebais in Egypt. While in exile, he wrote fiery pamphlets to the Emperor in which he proclaimed himself to be ready to suffer martyrdom for his beliefs. Disciple of
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Lucifer of Cagliari


some other bishops refused to accept back the bishops who accepted the Arian position. The lapsed, not withstanding their repentance, could no longer be admitted in the rank of bishop or priest. St. Athanasius condemned this excessive severity; and in 362 assembled the Council of Alexandria, at which assisted St Eusebius of Vercelli, in his return from banishment from Thebais, and St. Asterius of Petra. This synod condemned those who denied the divinity of the Holy Ghost, and decreed that the authors of the Arian heresy should be deposed,
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Codex Vercellensis


more probable that the replacement-page was removed from another manuscript than that it was made to insert in Codex Vercellensis. The text of Codex Vercellensis is related to the text of Codex Corbeiensis (ff), another Old Latin copy (in which Mk 16:9-20 is included). According to a respectable tradition, this codex was written under the direction of bishop Eusebius of Vercelli, which would date it to the late fourth century. It contains the Euthalian Apparatus. It was restored and stabilised in the early twentieth century
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Councils of Alexandria


replaced in his see. In 362 was held one of the most important of these councils. It was presided over by St. Athanasius and St. Eusebius of Vercelli, and was directed against those who denied the divinity of the Holy Spirit, the human soul of Christ, and God's divinity. Mild measures were agreed on for those apostate bishops who repented, but severe penance was decreed for the chief leaders of the major heresies. In 363, another council met under St. Athanasius for the purpose of submitting to the new Roman
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Hilary the Deacon


Hilary the Deacon (; century) was a Sardinian deacon of the Roman church. In 355, along with Lucifer of Cagliari, Eusebius of Vercelli, and Pancratius, he was directed by Pope Liberius to plead for Athanasian orthodoxy before Constantius II at the Council of Milan. He pleaded his case so boldly and offensively that the emperor had him beaten and, along with his companions, condemned to exile. Little is known of him afterwards, except (from Jerome) that he adopted Lucifer's position that Arians, other heretics,
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Auxentius of Milan


which the bishop of Milan Dionysius, along with Eusebius of Vercelli and Lucifer of Cagliari, opposed to the Arian leanings of the Emperor. This resulted in the exile of the three bishops, including Dionysius. Shortly later the Arian bishops, with the support of the Emperor, appointed as new bishop of Milan the Arian Auxentius. In 359 Auxentius played a relevant role in the Council of Rimini which supported the Semi-Arian doctrines stated in the Council of Sirmium of 351 . Auxentius was left undisturbed in his diocese after Constantius'
8601708
Roman Catholic Diocese of Tortona


letter of Bishop Eusebius of Vercelli, written to the people of Tortona from his exile in Scythopolis in 356, makes no mention of a bishop. The Bishop of Tortona, Vincenzo Capelli, nonetheless organized an event in October 1875 to celebrate the 18the centenary of Martianus' episcopal consecration. In the first half of the fourth century, Tortona was a suffragan of the diocese of Milan. The first bishop, according to Fedele Savio, was St. Innocentius, who in his opinion was the immediate predecessor of St. Exuperantius (381)
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Eusebius of Esztergom


monastic community. The love present in each will be the bond that will unite you and enable each to give loving service.” Eusebius founded the first Hungarian order in 1250 which later became the Order of Saint Paul the First Hermit. He and his companion hermits erected their first monastery in honor of the Saint Cross next to the cave. At that time there were several hermit communities in Hungary who lived disorganized away from society. Eusebius became their priest, and as a well-educated, canon law expert became their leader
2508300
Eusebius Amort


Eusebius Amort (November 15, 1692 – February 5, 1775) was a German Roman Catholic theologian. Amort was born at Bibermuhle, near Tolz, in Upper Bavaria. He studied at Munich, and at an early age joined the Canons Regular at Polling, where, shortly after his ordination in 1717, he taught theology and philosophy. The Parnassus Boicus learned society was based on a plan started in 1720 by three Augustinian fathers: Eusebius Amort, Gelasius Hieber (1671-1731), a famous preacher in the German
9632592
Albert of Vercelli


and commemorated by the Carmelites on 17 September. Born at Castel Gualtieri, Italy, he was educated in theology and law. He entered the Canons Regular of the Holy Cross at Mortara and was elected prior in 1180. He became Bishop of Bobbio in 1184, and a year later was appointed Bishop of Vercelli. He served the Papacy as a mediator and diplomat between Pope Clement III and Holy Roman Emperor Frederick Barbarossa. He served as papal legate in 1199 and helped end the war between Parma and Piacenza. In 1205 he
1907639
Eusebius of Esztergom


In his spare time he wrote books. Even the names of these books did not survive. But according to Gyöngyösi these works were written on canon law. At that time Eusebius was often visited by hermits from the Pilis Mountains who sold him wattled baskets in exchange for bread. Eusebius also visited them personally several times. The life of these hermits aroused his interest and he desired to become a hermit, but his plans were delayed by the Mongol invasion of Europe. He remained at his post, helping to rebuild the country
2508298
Tarcisio Bertone


the vacancy of the Holy See. On 10 May 2008 he was promoted to the rank of Cardinal-Bishop of Frascati. After he was named Archbishop of Vercelli he "locked himself in his room all night and studied the life of Saint Eusebius, who was bishop of the city back in 345 AD". When Pope Benedict XVI resigned on 28 February 2013, Bertone as Camerlengo of the Holy Roman Church was the acting sovereign for Vatican City State and administrator for the Holy See until the election of a new pope.
10887851
Our Lady of Consolation


were given a dispensation to leave the monastery at any time to confer it. Processions in Our Lady's honor were suspended during the French occupation of 1798 to discourage the gathering of crowds. The feast day is celebrated on the last Sunday of October with pyrotechnic displays by Our Lady of Consolation Fireworks Factory. An ancient story relates St Eusebius of Vercelli brought back an icon of Our Lady of Consolation when he was returning from exile in Egypt in 363. This icon was presented to the city of Turin. Later St Maximus,
16820226
Vercelli Cathedral


funds brought the work to a halt after eight years. In 1682 a chapel to the south was built for the tomb of Blessed Amadeus IX. Between 1702 and 1717 Stefano Negro built the nave, aisles and transept. The remaining parts of the structure, including the west front, were completed in 1757-63 by Benedetto Alfieri and Luigi Barberis, who towards the end of the 18th century also added a chapel off the northern aisle for the relics of Saint Eusebius, which had been discovered during the reconstruction works of the
18161205
Dionysius (bishop of Milan)


of the Council of Nicaea. Even Emperor Constantius II favored Semi-Arian doctrines. In 355 Pope Liberius requested the Emperor to convene a Synod in Milan, which was held in the newly erected Basilica Nova (or Basilica Maior or St. Tecla). The council however did not accomplish the hopes of the Pope due the overwhelming number of Arians bishops present and the enforced absence of the champion of the Nicaean faith, Eusebius of Vercelli. Initially Dionysius seemed ready to follow the Arians in condemning the Nicaean Athanasius of Alexandria, who
19235589
Athanasius of Alexandria


by the Arians to succeed him, when fresh news arrived that filled the orthodox party with hope. An edict had been put forth by Julian permitting the exiled bishops of the "Galileans" to return to their "towns and provinces". Athanasius received a summons from his own flock, and he accordingly re-entered his episcopal capitol on 22 February 362. In 362 he convened a council at Alexandria, and presided over it with Eusebius of Vercelli. Athanasius appealed for unity among all those who had faith in Christianity,
2950000
Eustasius of Aosta


Saint Eustasius of Aosta (c. 388-c. 454) was the first bishop of the ancient see of Augusta Pretoria, today Aosta. His name is attached to a letter sent to Pope Leo I by the delegates of the second Synod of Milan (451). Eustasius is traditionally regarded as the first bishop of the ancient Augusta Pretoria, today Aosta. His name indicates he came from the east, possibly following Eusebius to Vercelli. Pope Benedict XVI thought he was of Sardinian origin. According to St Ambrose, the people of
3476341
Francesco Antonio Vallotti


Francesco Antonio Vallotti (11 June 1697 – 10 January 1780) was an Italian composer, music theorist, and organist. He was born in Vercelli. He studied with G. A. Bissone at the church of St. Eusebius, and joined the Franciscan order in 1716. He was ordained as a priest in 1720. In 1722 he became an organist at St. Antonio in Padua, and would eventually become maestro there in 1730, succeeding maestro Calegari, and would hold that position for the next fifty years. Here he would meet and
607275
Auxentius of Milan


death by the pagan Emperor Julian (died 363). Under the following Christian Emperors, Jovian and Valentinian I, there were many attempts by the supporters of the Nicaean faith to depose Auxentius. In 364 Auxentius was publicly accused in a disputation with Hilary of Poitiers held in Milan by order of the Emperor Valentinian I. His submission was only apparent, however, and he remained powerful enough to compel the departure of Hilary from Milan. Also Eusebius of Vercelli and Athanasius of Alexandria failed to obtain the deposition of Auxentius. In 372
8601709
Canon (priest)


choir canons who live in community, with lay brothers. There are a variety of congregations of canons, some of which are part of the Confederation of Canons Regular of St. Augustine: Many bishops endeavoured to imitate St. Augustine and St. Eusebius, and to live a common life with the clergy of their church. Rules taken from the sacred canons were even drawn up for their use, of which the most celebrated is that of St. Chrodegang, Bishop of Metz (766). In the tenth century, this institution declined;
1719611
London Canon Tables


a medallion with a portrait painted in classical style. As there would have been twelve of these arches it is likely these portraits represent the Apostles, although there is no direct connection between the Canon Tables or the letter of Eusebius and the twelve Apostles. The numbers of corresponding Gospel sections, as listed in the London Canon Tables, differ strikingly from any other surviving manuscript of the Eusebian canons. Eberhard Nestle, who was among the first biblical scholars to call attention to the value of the Eusebian canons for the New Testament textual
18656531
Giuseppe Versaldi


on 29 June 1967. In 1972 he was sent to Rome to study psychology and then canon law at the Pontifical Gregorian University, where he earned a degree in psychology and a doctorate in canon law. Versaldi returned to Vercelli in 1976, where he was given the task of starting the diocesan Family Counseling centre. At the same time he attended courses at the Roman Rota. He received his law degree in 1980. In 1977 he was made pastor of the Parish of Larizza. Beginning in 1980 he taught canon law and
1849054
Sacro Monte di Crea


The Sacro Monte di Crea (literally "Sacred Mountain of Crea", although it is built on a hill rather than a mountain) is a Roman Catholic sanctuary in the "comune" of Serralunga di Crea, Piedmont, northern Italy. It is reached via a steeply ascending route which winds through a wooded natural park, whose flora where catalogued by the Casalese photographer and polymath Francesco Negri. Construction began in 1589, around an existing sanctuary dedicated to the Virgin Mary whose creation is traditionally attributed to Saint Eusebius of Vercelli,
13256686
Roman Catholic Diocese of Ivrea


pilgrims could travel on to Bari and take ship for Jerusalem. The episcopal see of Ivrea is said to have been established by Eusebius of Vercelli about the middle of the fourth century. The first historically certain bishop is Eulogius (c. 451). According to a tradition unsupported by evidence, Ivrea is the place where Saint Patrick was consecrated bishop, c. 431, before evangelizing Ireland. Saint Malachy of Armagh passed through Ivrea in 1139 on his way to Rome. In 1847 the Bishop Ivrea sent the Archbishop of Dublin forty pounds
15804512
Sardinian literature


the island. From the late Roman period we have received the highly polemical writings of St. Lucifer from Cagliari, a staunch defender of Catholic orthodoxy against the Arian heresy. Other writings on theology have come to us from the Bishop Eusebius of Vercelli, born in Cagliari, and a contemporary of Lucifer. Literary production was few throughout the Middle Ages: some hagiographic texts, in Latin, in prose and poetry, often extensively reworked in later centuries, have come down to us. Some of them have very ancient origins, perhaps
9770429
Development of the Christian biblical canon


no concrete evidence exists to indicate that it was considered to be a formal canon. In the absence of a canonical list, the resolution of questions would normally have been directed through the see of Constantinople, in consultation with Bishop Eusebius of Caesarea (who was given the commission), and perhaps other bishops who were available locally. In his Easter letter of 367, Athanasius, Bishop of Alexandria, gave a list of exactly the same books that would formally become the New Testament canon, and he used the word "canonized
12100325
F.C. Pro Vercelli 1892


to date in 1934–35, and went ultimately relegated also from the 1947–48 Serie B, starting a long period out of the two top divisions of Italian football, even being relegated to Italy's amateur league, Serie D, in multiple times. They regained professional status for good after winning promotion and the Scudetto Dilettanti in the season 1993–94. In the early 2000s, Pro Vercelli also had to challenge crosstown rivalry from a new team, A.S. Pro Belvedere Vercelli (with the colors yellow and green), founded in the summer of
14449817
Giacomo Abbondo


elevated him to the diaconate on 29 February 1744. He felt called to religious life and so decided to join the priesthood; he commenced his theological studies in Vercelli where he was ordained on 21 March 1744. He received a papal dispensation from Pope Clement XII for his ordination since he had not reached the canonical age for becoming a priest. He obtained a degree in literature on 31 October 1748 in Turin and was assigned to teach in Vercelli. In 1757 he left teaching to remain as a simple parish priest. He tried
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Melito's canon


Esther". Nehemiah and Lamentations are also not mentioned, but the former is thought to be part of Ezra (being referred to as Esdras), and Lamentations being part of Jeremiah. Melito's canon does not include the Deuterocanonical books, except for the possible inclusion of the Book of Wisdom, which is disputed. Melito's canon is found in Eusebius EH4.26.13–14: See also Development of the Hebrew Bible canon. St. Athanasius is often quoted as endorsing 39 books in his Old Testament, rejecting any "apocryphal" (pseudepigraphal
1263448
Melito of Sardis


first Christian list of the canon in the Old Testament. In his canon he excludes the book of Esther and the Apocrypha. Around 170 after traveling to Palestine, and probably visiting the library at Caesarea Maritima, Melito compiled the earliest known Christian canon of the Old Testament, a term he coined. A passage cited by Eusebius contains Melito's famous canon of the Old Testament. Melito presented elaborate parallels between the Old Testament or Old Covenant, which he likened to the form or mold, and the New Testament or New Covenant
13561936
London Canon Tables


The London Canon Tables (British Library, Add. MS 5111) is a Byzantine illuminated Gospel Book fragment on vellum from the sixth or seventh century. It was possibly made in Constantinople. The fragment consists of two folios of two illuminated canon tables – of unusual construction – set beneath an ornamental arcade and the Letter by Eusebius of Caesarea which usually prefaces canon tables. The fragment is bound together with a twelfth-century Gospel Book (British Library, Add. MS 5111 and 5112) which is thought to have belonged to
18656529
Antilegomena


Antilegomena, a direct transliteration of the Greek , refers to written texts whose authenticity or value is disputed. Eusebius in his "Church History" (c. 325) used the term for those Christian scriptures that were "disputed", literally "spoken against", in Early Christianity before the closure of the New Testament canon. It is a matter of categorical discussion whether Eusebius divides his books into three groups of "homologoumena" ("accepted"), "antilegomena", and 'heretical'; or four, by
1291127
Roman Catholic Diocese of Biella


the Cathedral itself. The Canons of the Collegiate Church of San Stefano appear already in the twelfth century. The Chapter was composed of a Provost, a Treasurer and a Primicerius, among a total of twenty canons. There were also twelve chaplains. The diocese, which covers an area of 900 km², is divided into 114 parishes. All but one are in the civil Province of Biella, the other falls within Province of Vercelli. A list of parishes by province and commune follows; locations (villages or neighbourhoods) "
11906430
Warmund


of Vercelli, where he first studied letters, and subsequently studied canon law at either Bologna or Pavia. It is also uncertain when Warmund became bishop. His first recorded act was signing the canons of the synod of Milan "in absentia" in November 969, but he was probably consecrated as bishop on Sunday, 7 March 966. In the eleventh century, a scribe added the note that "Warmund is consecrated bishop" beside the "Nonas marcii" ("nones [i.e., the 7th] of March")
21940098
Fifty Bibles of Constantine


The Fifty Bibles of Constantine were Bibles in the original Greek language commissioned in 331 by Constantine I and prepared by Eusebius of Caesarea. They were made for the use of the Bishop of Constantinople in the growing number of churches in that very new city. Eusebius quoted the letter of commission in his "Life of Constantine", and it is the only surviving source from which we know of the existence of the Bibles. It is speculated that this commission may have provided motivation for the development of the canon lists and that Codex
17035943
Letter of Jeremiah


canonical in the Masoretic tradition. The earliest evidence we have of the question of its canonicity arising in Christian tradition is in the work of Origen of Alexandria, as reported by Eusebius in his "Church History". Origen listed Lamentations and the Letter of Jeremiah as one unit with the Book of Jeremiah proper, among "the canonical books as the Hebrews have handed them down," though scholars agree that this was surely a slip. Epiphanius of Salamis in his "Panarion" writes that Jews had in their books the deuterocanonical
13353811
Luigi Sincero


College in 1894. He served as a Faculty member of the Seminary of Vercelli and canon theologian of its cathedral from 1894 until 1908. He was appointed as an Auditor of the Roman Rota on 20 October 1908. He was Secretary of the Pontifical Commission for the Authentic Interpretation of the Code of Canon Law on 18 October 1917 and Secretary of the Sacred College of Cardinals in 1919. He served as Secretary of the conclave of 1922. He was created and proclaimed Cardinal-Deacon of "S. Giorgio in Velabro" in the
9031311
Symmachus (translator)


translation of the Pentateuch appeared in Origen's "Hexapla", in which he had written κεραύνιος (=onyx) for the precious stone known in Hebrew as "bareḳet" in Exo. 28:17. According to Eusebius Symmachus also wrote commentaries, then still extant, apparently written to counter the canonical Greek Gospel of Matthew, his "Hypomnemata"; it may be related to the "De distinctione præceptorum", mentioned in the catalogue of the Nestorian metropolitan Abdiso Bar Berika (d.1318). Eusebius also records Origen's statement that
452875
Ammonius of Alexandria (Christian)


Ammonius of Alexandria (; ) was a Christian philosopher who lived in the 3rd century. He is not to be confused with Ammonius Saccas, the Neoplatonist philosopher, also from Alexandria. Eusebius, who is followed by Jerome, asserted that Ammonius was born a Christian, and remained faithful to Christianity throughout his life. He wrote that Ammonius produced several scholarly works, most notably "The Harmony of Moses and Jesus". Eusebius also wrote that Ammonius composed a synopsis of the four canonical gospels, traditionally assumed to be the Ammonian Sections
5586684
Eusebian Canons


the sections traditionally credited to Ammonius are now ascribed to Eusebius, who was always credited with the final form of the tables. The "Harmony of Ammonius" suggested to Eusebius, as he himself tells us in his letter, the idea of drawing up ten tables ("kanones") in which the sections in question were so classified as to show at a glance where each Gospel agreed with or differed from the others. In the first nine tables he placed in parallel columns the numbers of the sections common to the four
5586758
Deuterocanonical books


of the Hebrew Bible cited by Eusebius; among them are the Epistle of Jeremiah and the Maccabees as canonical books. In the 7th century Latin document the Muratorian fragment, which some scholars actually believe to be a copy of an earlier 170 AD Greek original, the book of the Wisdom of Solomon is counted by the church. Eusebius wrote in his "Church History" (c. 324 AD) that Bishop Melito of Sardis in the 2nd century AD considered the deuterocanonical Wisdom of Solomon as part of the Old Testament and that it
8430921
Old Testament


I commissioned Eusebius to deliver fifty Bibles for the Church of Constantinople. Athanasius recorded Alexandrian scribes around 340 preparing Bibles for Constans. Little else is known, though there is plenty of speculation. For example, it is speculated that this may have provided motivation for canon lists, and that Codex Vaticanus and Codex Sinaiticus are examples of these Bibles. Together with the Peshitta and Codex Alexandrinus, these are the earliest extant Christian Bibles. There is no evidence among the canons of the First Council of Nicaea of any determination on the canon
2474006
Paul of Samosata


bitterly persecuted more for their gnostic and iconoclastic views than for their adherence to Adoptionism. Paul's pupil Lucian of Antioch is considered to have had a major influence on Arius the founder of Arianism. Another major source of information we have of Paul of Samosata comes from Eusebius of Caesarea, who described some of the doctrines and practices Paul displayed openly, which included: Likewise, Eusebius hints to the fact that Paul was "too familiar" with his women followers, whom he called "subintroductae". Canon 19 of the First
1388977
Order of Saint Paul the First Hermit


Eusebius of Esztergom (), of two communities, one founded at Patach around 1225 by Bishop Bartholomew of Pécs, who had united the scattered hermits of his diocese, and the other consisting of his own followers. In 1246, Blessed Eusebius, Canon of the Cathedral of Esztergom, resigned his dignities, distributed his goods among the poor and withdrew to the solitude of the Pilis mountains, near Zante (probably related to present day Pilisszántó) to lead a life of penance with a few companions (see the ruins of the
2154669
Emerico di Quart


however, he decided to reach out to the regular canonics of the Aosta Cathedral. During this period Émeric was appreciated as a very worthy and pious priest and a friend of the poor. In October 1301 he was appointed the new Augustan bishop by all the canonics of Aosta including the ones of Saint Peter and Ursus capitol and in January 1302 he was consecrated as bishop in Biella by Aimo of Challant, bishop of Vercelli. All his biographers agree about his worthy life, his attention to poor people, his humility and devotion
14133067
Amadeus IX, Duke of Savoy


, Louise, became a nun of the Franciscan Second Order after being widowed at a young age. She was also beatified. A painting of Amadeus, made in 1474 was housed in the Dominican church in Turin and acquired a miraculous reputation. In 1612 a brief text was published in the same city, by Girolamo Cordieri, canon of the cathedral chapter of Mondovi, extolling the holy Amadeus. Cordieri was later appointed theologian to Charles Emmanuel I, Duke of Savoy. Also that year, a canon from Vercelli published a compendium
19956407
Q source


explanation is found the two-source hypothesis is not viable. Secondly, how could a major and respected source, used in two canonical gospels, disappear? If Q did exist, it would have been highly treasured in the early Church. It remains a mystery how such an important document, which was the foundation for two canonical Gospels, could be lost. An even greater mystery is why the extensive Church catalogs compiled by Eusebius and Nicephorus would omit such an important work yet include such non-canonical accounts as the Gospel
2744389
Christian biblical canons


time. The Catholic Encyclopedia article on the New Testament describes the process of assembling the histories and letters circulated within the early Church until the canon was approved by a series of councils seeking to ensure legitimacy as inspired scripture: In 331, Constantine I commissioned Eusebius to deliver fifty Bibles for the Church of Constantinople. Athanasius recorded Alexandrian scribes around 340 preparing Bibles for Constans. Little else is known, though there is plenty of speculation. For example, it is speculated that this may have provided motivation for canon lists, and that
4265087
Biella


of Novara, losing its status as regional capital that it had received in the 17th century from Charles Emmanuel I of Savoy; it was transferred to the province of Vercelli in 1927. In World War II Biella was the scene of armed resistance. In 1992, the new province of Biella was formed, separating the territory from the north-western sector of the province of Vercelli. In 1245 the statutes of Biella were already referring to the woolworkers' and weavers' guilds: hardly surprising in view of the region's high
1448495
Authorship of the Johannine works


then a particle or conjunction, followed by an explanation or definition of the demonstrative at the end of the sentence, a stylistic technique which is not used in the gospel. The second is that the author of the epistle, "uses the conditional sentence in a variety of rhetorical figures which are unknown to the gospel." The book was not among those whose canonicity was in doubt, according to Eusebius; however, it is not included in an ancient Syrian canon. Theodore of Mopsuestia also presented a negative opinion toward its
62912
Joseph of Arimathea


New Testament references. Joseph is referenced in apocryphal and non-canonical accounts such as the "Acts of Pilate", a text often appended to the medieval "Gospel of Nicodemus" and "The Narrative of Joseph", and mentioned in the works of early church historians such as Irenaeus (125–189), Hippolytus (170–236), Tertullian (155–222) and Eusebius (260–340), who added details not found in the canonical accounts. Francis Gigot, writing in the "Catholic Encyclopedia", states that "the additional
3609167