Gregory of Narek [SEP] canonization status
[{"answer": "saint"}]
Gregory of Narek


male name "Narek" is highly popular among Armenians. In 2018 it was the second most common name given to baby boys. It originates from the village and monastery of Narek and owns its popularity to Gregory of Narek and the "Book of Lamentations", popularlily known as "Narek." The Narekatsi Professorship of Armenian Language and Culture, established in 1969, is the oldest endowed chair of the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA). In Yerevan, a public school (established in 1967 and renamed in
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Gregory of Narek


of Our Lady's principal poets" and "the great doctor of the Armenian Church". In his 2001 "Apostolic Letter for the 1,700th Anniversary of the Baptism of the Armenian People" the Pope stated that Gregory of Narek "probed the dark depths of human desperation and glimpsed the blazing light of grace that shines even there for believers." It was announced in February 2015 that Gregory of Narek would be named a Doctor of the Church by Pope Francis. On 12 April 2015, on Divine Mercy Sunday, during a
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Compline


. Amen. Our Father...Amen." Ending during Fasts: Acclamation: "We fall down before you (Ankanimk` araji k`o)..."; Meditation Twelve of St. Gregory of Narek; Meditation 94 of St. Gregory of Narek; Meditation 41 of St. Gregory of Narek; Prayer: "In faith I confess (Havatov khostovanim)..." by St. Nerses the Graceful; Acclamation: "Through your holy spotless and virgin mother (Vasn srbouhvoy)..."; Proclamation: "Holy Birthgiver of God (Sourb zAstouatsatsinn
18623878
Saint Narek chapel


Saint Narek chapel is a chapel of the Armenian Apostolic Church in Vardenis village, Aragatsotn Province, Armenia. The chapel was built in 2012 in the place known as the Narek of Papé. The chapel was anointed on 25 August 2012. For centuries there was a Gospel called "Narek of Papé" in the village of Aparan, Kyuluja (now Vardenis). The book belonged to a family whose paternal name was Papé, and it was called Narek not because it was the "Book of Lamentations" by Gregory of Narek
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Gregory of Narek


Grigor Narekatsi (; anglicized: Gregory of Narek) ( – 1003/1011) was an Armenian mystical and lyrical poet, monk, and theologian. He is a saint of the Armenian Apostolic Church and was declared a Doctor of the Church by Pope Francis in 2015. The son of a bishop, Narekatsi was educated by a relative based at the Narekavank, the monastery of Narek, on the southern shores of Lake Van (modern Turkey). He was based there almost all his life. He is best known for his "Book
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Gregory of Narek


during his lifetime." His name is listed among the saints for 27 February in the "Roman Martyrology", where he is defined as "monk, doctor of the Armenians, distinguished for his writings and mystic science." During a mass on June 25, 2016 in Vartanants Square in Gyumri, Francis stated that he "wished to draw greater attention" to Gregory of Narek by making him a Doctor of the Church. He further added: In Yerevan's Republic Square Pope Francis suggested that Gregory can "be defined
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Gregory of Narek


as a 'Doctor of Peace'." St. Gregory's proclamation as a Doctor of the Church was commemorated by the Vatican City state with a postage stamp put into circulation September 2, 2015. On 5 April 2018 a two-meter-high bronze statue of Narekatsi, erected by Davit Yerevantsi, was unveiled at the Vatican Gardens by Mikael Minasyan, Armenia's Ambassador to the Holy See. The inaugural ceremony was attended by Pope Francis, Armenia's President Serzh Sargsyan, Armenian Apostolic leaders Karekin II and Aram I. The
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Narekavank


"Holy Mother of God"). The mausoleum of Gregory of Narek was located to the east of the St. Sandukht church. The church of Surb Astvatsatsin had a "domed hall" design, and was located south of St. Sandukht. In 1787 "vardapet" Barsegh built a rectangular, four-columned gavit (narthex), on the tombs of Hovhannes "vardapet" (the brother of Gregory) and the philosopher Ananias of Narek. In front of the gavit's western entrance a three-storey bell-tower
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Doctor of the Church


or Eastern Orthodox Christians at the time of his death in 1003. The Oriental Orthodox churches, which the Armenian Church is an integral part of, are Miaphysites. Defenders of the decision, however, have cited historical evidence that Narek Monastery, where Saint Gregory lived and died, was a center of opposition to Monophysitism from inside the Armenian Church. It is also cited that Saint Gregory of Narek is listed in the Roman Martyrology with a feast day of February 27th and that members of the Armenian Catholic Church have always had a
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Gregory of Narek


Metsarents (1886–1908), Siamanto (1878–1915), Yeghishe Charents (1897–1937), and Paruyr Sevak (1924–1971). Sevak called the "Book of Lamentations" a "temple of poesy, on which the destructive action of time has had no effect." Charents lauds the "hallowed brows" of Narekatsi and Nahapet Kuchak in his 1920 poem "I Love My Armenia" (). In another poem (""), Charents lists Narekatsi next to Nerses Shnorhali and Naghash Hovnatan. Gregory of Narek is a saint of
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Gregory of Narek


both the Armenian Apostolic and Armenian Catholic churches. His feast is celebrated on October 13 on the Feast of the Holy Translators. His relic is preserved at the Treasury Museum of the Mother See of Holy Etchmiadzin. It was brought out to Etchmiadzin Cathedral on the feast in 2012. Several churches built in Armenia in the 21st century have been named after him, including the of the Diocese of Gougark in Vanadzor. The St. Gregory of Narek Armenian Apostolic Church in Richmond Heights, Ohio, near Cleveland, was built in 1964.
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Gregory of Narek


literary ecstasy. Narekatsi was buried inside the walls of the monastery of Narek. A rectangular-shaped chapel-mausoleum was built on his tomb, which survived until the mid-20th century, when the monastery was destroyed by the Turkish authorities, and later replaced with a mosque. The "Book of Lamentations" (Classical Armenian: Մատեան ողբերգութեան, "Matean voghbergut’yan") is widely considered Narekatsi's masterpiece. It is often simply called "Narek" (Նարեկ). Completed towards the end of his life, circa 1002-
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Gregory of Narek


, to Khosrov Andzevatsi, a bishop. His father was suspected of pro-Byzantine Chalcedonian beliefs and was eventually excommunicated by Catholicos Anania Mokatsi for his interpretation of the rank of Catholicos as being equivalent to that of a bishop, based on the works of Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite. Grigor and his elder brother Hovhannes were sent to the Narekavank, the monastery of Narek, where he was given religious education by Anania Narekatsi (Ananias of Narek). The latter was his maternal great-uncle and a celebrated scholar who had
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Our Lady of Narek Cathedral, Buenos Aires


Cathedral of St. Maron), Ukrainian rite (Our Lady of Patrocinio Cathedral). It should not be confused with the Armenian Cathedral of St. Gregory the Enlightener (Armenian Apostolic Church). The property on which the present structure was built was purchased in 1942 where a small chapel operated, the work of the new church was developed between 1971 and 1981 when it was officially consecrated. The temple is the main church of the Armenian Eparchy of San Gregory of Narek in Buenos Aires ("Eparchia Sancti Gregorii Narekiani Bonaërensis Armenorum"
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Gregory of Narek


Mass for the centennial of the Armenian Genocide at St. Peter's Basilica, Pope Francis officially proclaimed Gregory of Narek as Doctor of the Church in attendance of Armenian President Serzh Sargsyan, Catholicos of All Armenians Karekin II, Catholicos of Cilicia Aram I, and Armenian Catholic Patriarch Nerses Bedros XIX Tarmouni. Francis declared: He became the 36th and the first Armenian Doctor of the Church. He is also the "second saint coming out of the Eastern Church" and the only Doctor "who was not in communion with the Catholic Church
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Gregory of Narek


1990) and a medical center (established in 2003) are named after Narekatsi. Narekatsi is depicted on a postage stamp issued by Armenia in 2001. A statue of Narekatsi was erected in Yerevan's Malatia-Sebastia district in 2002. A large stone resembling an old manuscript with inscribed lines and images from the "Book of Lamentations" was unveiled in the Narekatsi quarter of Yerevan's Avan district in 2010. The Naregatsi Art Institute (Նարեկացի Արվեստի Միություն), a nonprofit organization registered in the U.S., has its headquarters in
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Gregory of Narek


elevated the status of Narekavank to new heights. Being raised in an intellectual and religious fervor, Grigor was ordained priest in 977 and taught others theology at the monastery school until his death. Whether Narekatsi led a secluded life or not has become a matter of debate. Arshag Chobanian and Manuk Abeghian believe he did, while argued that Narekatsi was very well aware of the secular world and his time, had deep knowledge of both peasants and princes and the complexities of the world. Tamrazian believes Narekatsi could not have lived solely on
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Narekavank


Narekavank (, "Monastery of Narek", Western Armenian: "Nareg") was a tenth-century Armenian monastery in the historic province of Vaspurakan, near the southern shores of Lake Van, in present-day eastern Turkey. The monastery was one of the most prominent in medieval Armenia and had a major school. The poet Gregory of Narek (Grigor Narekatsi) notably flourished at the monastery. It was abandoned in 1915 during the Armenian Genocide, and reportedly demolished around 1951. A mosque now stands on its location
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Narekavank


. The monastery was founded during the reign of the Artsruni King Gagik I of Vaspurakan (r. 908–43) by Armenian monks who fled the Byzantine Empire due to religious persecution. In the 10th century father Ananias of Narek (Anania Narekatsi, ()) founded a school, which became one of the most prominent centers of learning in medieval Armenia. Gregory of Narek (Grigor Narekatsi, 951-1003), a prominent mystical poet, studied and flourished at the monastery, making the "name of the institution immortal".
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Gregory of Narek


the Narek school was instrumental in instilling Christian Neoplatonism in Armenian theology. Namely, Christian Neoplatonic concepts such as divinization, the attainment of the power of spiritual vision or discernment through penitential purification of the inner and outer man, and of a symbolic exegetical methodology. He may have been influenced by Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite, a pivotal author in Christian Neoplatonism, although this view has been criticized. Soviet philologist Vache Nalbandian argued that in Narekatsi's outlook is essentially anti-feudal and humanistic. The tone of the "Book of
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Gregory of Narek


theological views. Although Narekatsi does not mention the Tondrakians in the "Book of Lamentations", some scholars have interpreted certain chapters as containing anti-Tondrakian elements. In his struggle against the antinomian Tondrakians, Narekatsi followed his predecessor at the monastery of Narek: his great-uncle Anania, who was condemned for supposedly Tondrakian beliefs. According to Ara Baliozian Narekatsi broke from Hellenistic thought, which was dominant among the Armenian intellectual elite since the 5th-century golden age. He was instead deeply influenced by Neoplatonism. In fact,
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Gregory of Narek


the "Narek" has not been read by Armenians as much it has been kissed. Narekatsi influenced virtually all Armenian literature that came after him. Grigor Magistros Pahlavuni () is considered his direct literary successor. Scholars have noted Narekatsi's influence on Armenian poets—medieval and modern ones alike. He inspired prominent medieval poets Hovhannes Imastaser (c. 1047–1129), Nerses Shnorhali (1102–1173) and Frik (–1310), and in the modern period, Sayat-Nova (1712–95), Hovhannes Tumanyan (1869–1923), Misak
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Saint Narek chapel


Sargsyan presented the Pope the scale-model of the memorial statue of Grigor Narekatsi, as a pilgrim of the first Christian country and expressed hope that a great version will be placed in Vatican. The statue of Grigor Narekatsi was placed on 21 March 2018 in the Vatican Gardens by the philanthropy of Armenian Ambassador to Vatican Michael Minasyan and businessman Artur Janibekyan. Behind the monument is depicted the chapel of Saint Narek. There is a sculpture on the monument according to which, the chapel is located in Armenia, in Vardenis village of
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Doctor of the Church


, Gregory of Nazianzus and John Chrysostom, recognized as universal teachers and known as the Three Holy Hierarchs. The Church also recognizes three saints with the title "Theologos" (Theologian): St. John the Evangelist, St. Gregory of Nazianzus and St. Symeon the New Theologian. The Armenian Apostolic Church recognizes the Twelve Holy Teachers ("Vardapets") of the Church They also recognize their own saints Mesrob, Yeghishe, Movses Khorenatsi, David the Invincible, Gregory of Narek, Nerses III the Builder, and Nerses of Lambron as
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Pope Gregory IX and Judaism


The relations between Pope Gregory IX and Judaism were comparatively good for a medieval Pope, since Gregory acted as a political protector to persecuted Jewish communities. However, he also enacted canonical laws that were later criticized for having maintained the Jews' separate status in medieval society. In the 1234 Decretals, he invested the doctrine of "perpetua servitus iudaeorum" – perpetual servitude of the Jews – with the force of canonical law. According to this, Jews would have to remain in a condition of political servitude and abject humiliation until Judgment
19451977
Doctor of the Church


of the Church on 7 October 2012. Pope Francis declared the 10th century Armenian monk Saint Gregory of Narek to be the 36th Doctor of the Church on 21 February 2015. The decision was somewhat controversial. According to critics of Pope Francis' decision, Saint Gregory was monk of the Armenian Apostolic Church, which, like other Oriental Orthodox Churches, split off from the rest of Christendom over the Council of Chalcedon in 451 AD. Therefore, Saint Gregory is seen by some as a Monophysite who was in union with neither Catholic
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Narekavank


profoundly renovated by Minas "vardapet" Ghapantsi. In 1812 a bell-tower was constructed within the monastery walls. The two domes were restored in 1843 by the architect Sahrat Memarbashi and his son Movses. In 1858 the monastery was renovated by Hovhannes "vardapet". Father Hovsep Rabuni commissioned a "khachkar" (cross stone), which was placed on the tomb of Gregory of Narek. It depicted the Mother of God carrying Jesus on her lap and Gregory on the foreground. In 1884 Aristakes "vardapet" opened a
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Armenian language


the addition of two more characters to the alphabet ("" and ""), bringing the total number to 38. The "Book of Lamentations" by Gregory of Narek (951–1003) is an example of the development of a literature and writing style of Old Armenian by the 10th century. In addition to elevating the literary style and vocabulary of the Armenian language by adding well above a thousand new words, through his other hymns and poems Gregory paved the way for his successors to include secular themes and vernacular language in their
2024378
Avak Asadourian


north of Iraq; establishment of cultural centers which include classrooms, a museum, a library and a great hall and the installation of a cross-stone (khatchkar) dedicated to the memory of the Armenian Genocide. Archbishop Avak published various works including; a book on the services of the "Holy Week", articles on the lives of Gregory of Narek, Nerses the Graceful and Gregory of Tatev. On 9 February 2010, a meeting of representatives from the Christian Churches in Iraq was held at the St. Garabed Armenian Church
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Tondrakians


the most radical of which began advocating atheism as well as doubt in the afterlife and the immortality of the human soul. By the middle of the 11th century, the Byzantine governor of Taron and Vaspurakan, Gregory Magistros, managed to eliminate all remnants of Tondrakians. Historian Aristakes Lastivertsi describes the elimination of Tondrakians in great detail. Tenth century Armenian theologian and monk Gregory of Narek wrote a critical summary of Tondrakian doctrines in his "Letter to the Abbot of Kchaw Concerning the Refutation of the Accursed Tondrakians". He lists the following
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Index of Armenia-related articles


Cathedral · The Golden-Headed Fish · Goltn · Goranboy · Goris · Goshavank · Grand Lodge of Armenia · Greater Armenia (political concept) · Greeks in Armenia · Gregory of Narek · Gregory the Illuminator · G'Tichavank · Gugark · Calouste Gulbenkian · Gyumri · Gyumri City Stadium Hachdeanq · Hadrut · Haghartsin Monastery · Haghpat · Haghpat Monastery · Haigazian Armenological Review · Halay · Halva · Hamazkayin · Hamidian massacres · Hamshenis · Hanrapetutyun Party · Hanrapetakan Stadium · Hanzith · Harissa (dish) · Haritchavank Monastery · Hayasa-Azzi · Hayastani
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Libellus responsionum


response by Gregory to Augustine's request for relics of the local British martyr Sixtus. Gregory responds that he is sending relics of Pope Sixtus II to replace the local saint's remains, as Gregory has doubts about the actual saintly status of the British martyr. Although the authenticity of the "Obsecratio" has occasionally been questioned, most modern historians accept that it is genuine. In the early seventh century an augmented version of the Dionysian conciliar and decretal collections was assembled in Bobbio, in northern Italy. To this canon law collection
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Saint Narek chapel


chapel where Papé's Narek would later be laid. Later contacts were established with the Pope's descendants abroad, with who the book was moved to Armenia, and after two years of reconstruction in Matenadaran, put in "St. Narek" chapel with special preserving conditions. With the initiative of philanthropist Artur Janibekyan, the construction of the St. Narek chapel was launched in 2011. The reconstruction was completed in 2012, and on 25 August of the same year the chapel's consecration ceremony took place. St. Narek is a small building
8633392
Roman Catholic Diocese of San Miniato


. On 5 December 1622 the town ("oppidum") of San Miniato was raised to the dignity of a city ("civitas"), and was named the seat of a bishop by Pope Gregory XV. The church of S. Maria and S. Genesius was elevated to the status of a cathedral. The cathedral Chapter was to consist of two dignities (the Provost and the Archpriest) and twelve Canons. In 1755, there was only one dignity, and fourteen Canons. The first bishop was Franceseo Nori (1624
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Aparank Monastery


in the township of Mamrtank or Mirja of the province of Moxoene, one of the fifteen provinces of historic Armenia that the VII century Armenian geographer Anania of Shirak. The founding of the monastery is known because of panegyric written for the occasion by Gregory of Narek, the "History of the Holy Cross Aparank". This monastery is an important part of the delivery of a relic of the True Cross by the Byzantine emperors Basil II and Constantine VIII, inbound to sign with the kingdom of Vaspourakan, in which the province of
9218189
2009 ban of Hungarian President from Slovakia


). Both the Catholic and the Orthodox churches regard King Stephen as a saint for his role in converting the peoples of his kingdom to Christianity. Pope Gregory VII canonized him, his son and a bishop; August 20, 1083, the day of the canonization, is a public holiday in Hungary, regarded as the foundation of Hungarian statehood. In his "Admonitions" to his son, he declared, as cited in the planned speech of Sólyom for the unveiling: The erection of the statue itself was criticized in February
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Diocese of Gougark


The Diocese of Gougark ( "Gougarats t'em"), is a diocese of the Armenian Apostolic Church encompassing the northern Lori Province of Armenia. It is named after the historic province of Gugark; the 13th province of the Kingdom of Armenia. The modern-day province of Lori was one of the cantons of historic Gugark. The diocesan headquarters are located in the city of Vanadzor. The seat of the bishop is the Saint Gregory of Narek Cathedral. Until December 2010, the churches of Tavush Province were under the jurisdiction of
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Armenian literature


later that the celebrated "History of Armenia" by the Catholicos John V the Historian came forth, covering the period from the origin of the nation to the year A.D. 925. A contemporary of his, Annine of Mok, an abbot and the most celebrated theologian of the time, composed a treatise against the Tondrakians, a sect imbued with Manicheism. The name of Chosrov, Bishop of Andzevatsentz, is honoured because of his interesting commentaries on the Breviary and Mass-Prayers. Gregory of Narek, his son, is the
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Aparank Monastery


Mokk is integrated since the reign of Gagik I of Vaspurakan. The relic is initially sheltered by "Surb Hovhannes Karapet", the church founded to 950 by Father Davit, whose sanctity is to origin of the supply of emperors according to Gregory of Narek. It is then transferred to " Surb Astvatsatsin ", the church erected by his successor, the abbot and bishop Stepannos, which was solemnly consecrated in 983, in the presence of Ashot-Sahak of Vaspurakan and his brothers Gourgen-Khatchik and Senekerim-Hovhannes. Important
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Diocese of Gougark


Later, the seat of the bishop was moved to the Holy Mother of God Church of Vanadzor. Finally, in 2005, the seat was moved to the newly built Saint Gregory of Narek Cathedral. The Diocese was reorganized again on May 30, 1996 by Catholicos Karekin I to include the entire regions of Lori and Tavush (containing the major towns of Vanadzor, Spitak, Stepanavan, Tashir, Alaverdi, Tumanyan, Ijevan, Berd, Dilijan, and Noyemberyan). However, since December 2010, the diocese includes the churches
10700748
Armavir Province


by Bishop Sion Adamyan. The Saint Gregory of Narek Cathedral in the town of Armavir is the seat of the diocese. However, there is a significant number of Yazidis in Armavir totaling around 17,000 people, mainly in the villages of Zartonk, Yeraskhahun, Nalbandyan, Yeghegnut, Artashar, Nor Artagers and the small village of Ferik where the Yazidis form the majority. The village of Aknalich is the site of the only Yazidi temple in Armenia. A new temple in the village known as Quba Mere Diwane, is currently under construction
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Lori Province


other urban centres are Alaverdi, Stepanavan, Spitak, Shamlugh, Tashir, Akhtala and Tumanyan. With a population of 4,578, the village of Metsavan is the largest rural municipality of Tavush. The majority of Lori are ethnic Armenians who belong to the Armenian Apostolic Church. The regulating body of the church is the Diocese of Gougark, headed by Archbishop Sebouh Chouldjian. The Saint Gregory of Narek Cathedral in Vanadzor is the seat of the diocese. However, small communities of ethnic Russian Molokans are mainly found in the villages of Fioletovo
12308690
Artur Janibekyan


of Narek); Artur organizes and sponsors all events and activities associated with his name and work in Armenia. For devotion to spiritual values and holy grounds in 2013 Artur was awarded the highest honor of the Armenian Apostolic Church—the Order of St. Gregory the Illuminator. In 2016, in Armenia Artur Janibekyan was awarded the first-class medal “For Merit for the Motherland”. As the founder of the Cultural Renaissance Fund, Artur Janibekyan developed the “Saroyan House” project, within the frames of which the mansion of
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Narekavank


To this day, the monastery is mostly associated with Gregory of Narek. Among others, the historian Ukhtanes studied at the monastery school. During this period, the monastery was among the most prominent in all of Armenia and was also a major center of manuscript production. The earliest surviving manuscript produced at the monastery is a Gospel dated 1069. Armenia was dominated by various foreign powers in the subsequent centuries. The Ottoman Empire gained control of the region by the 16th century. The monastery experienced a revival when in 1707 it was
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Gregory of Narek


of Lamentations", a major piece of mystical literature. Narekatsi was born in the mid-900s: late 940s, 950, 951, 945-951 and died in the early 11th century: 1003 1010, 1011. He lived in the semi-independent Kingdom of Vaspurakan, a part of the larger Bagratid Armenia, with its capital, first, in Kars, then in Ani. Little is known about his life. He was born in a village on the southern shores of Lake Van, in what is now eastern Turkey
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Euclid Creek


) project was intended to cover just of land in the watershed, but the project was expanded until it cost $42 million ($ in dollars) and covered . The Richmond Mall opened in September 1966. A year after the mall project was announced, construction began on St. Gregory of Narek Armenian Church across the street at 678 Richmond Road. It opened in April 1964, further impeding the headwaters of Redstone Run. In 1966, a new development in Beachwood impacted the headwaters of the main branch of Euclid Creek. That
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Metsamor


in agriculture. The town is surrounded with grape farms, something that greatly contributes in the development of wine-making in the town. Metsamor is home to 2 public education schools as well as many pre-school kindergartens. In 1972, the town's first school named after Saint Gregory of Narek was opened. The second school of the town was opened in 1986 and moved to its new building in 1996. Metsamor is home to a large sports complex opened in 1980, including 2 swimming pools and indoor sports halls.
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Armavir, Armenia


resulting economic crisis, it has drastically declined, showing 32,034 in the 2001 census, 29,319 in the 2011 census, and around 28,900 as per the 2016 official estimate. The town's Saint Gregory of Narek Church was opened on 30 May 2014 and named after . Since its consecration in 2014, the church became the seat of the Diocese of Armavir of the Armenian Apostolic Church. The healthcare in the town is served by the Armavir Medical Center, with a capacity of 280 beds. The territory of modern-day Armavir is
16898519
James R. Russell


the same month to commemorate the 1600th anniversary of Saint Mesrop Mashtots, inventor of the Armenian alphabet. He has written on, translated, and analyzed the esoteric, mystical, and spiritual aspects of the writings of Gregory of Narek, and has written numerous articles for the "Encyclopædia Iranica". He contributed to the "New Leader" magazine. Ninety one of his selected published scholarly journal articles, are gathered in his book, "Armenian and Iranian Studies". Russell's writings were criticised by Armenian historians Armen Ayvazyan and
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Gregory of Narek


03, the work has been described as a monologue, a personal lyric and confessional poem, mystical and meditative. It is composed of 95 chapters and over 10,000 lines. Almost all chapters (except two) are titled "Words unto God from the Depths of My Heart". The chapters, which are prayers or elegies, vary in length, but all address God. The central theme is the metaphysical and existential conflict between Narekatsi's desire to be perfect, as taught by Jesus, and his own realization that it
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Gregory of Narek


Dwight wrote that the book "it is esteemed as one of the best specimens of fine writing in the [Armenian] language." For centuries, Armenians have treasured the book as an enchanted treasure and have attributed to it miraculous powers. For instance, one passage has been read to the ill in expectation of a cure. In the 21st century, psychiatrist Armen Nersisyan has claimed to have developed a unique type of therapy based on the book, which can cure many diseases, at least partly. The book's first
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Gregory of Narek


complete publication was done by Voskan Yerevantsi in Marseille, France in 1673. While the first complete commentary was published in Constantinople in 1745. The work has been translated into English, Russian, French, Arabic and Persian. There are three English translations of the book, with the first one appearing in 1977. Narekatsi also authored a number of other works. His first extant work is a commentary on the Song of Songs («Մեկնութիւն երգոց երգոյն Սողոմոնի», "Meknutiun yergots yergoyn Soghomoni"), written in 977,
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Gregory of Narek


the year he was ordained priest. Ara Baliozian considers it a prose masterpiece. He later wrote hymns, panegyrics on various holy figures, homilies, numerous chants and prayers that are still sung today in Armenian churches. Narekatsi also authored around two dozen "tagher" (lays), personal poems that are the first religious poems in Armenian literature, and spiritual songs called "gandz", both in verse and prose. Narekatsi also composed music for his odes, but they are not considered "sharakans" (chants).
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Diocese of Armavir


Diocese of Armavir ( "Armaviri t'em"), is a diocese of the Armenian Apostolic Church covering the Armavir Province of Armenia. The name is derived from the historic city of Armavir which served as the capital of the ancient Kingdom of Armenia between 331 and 210 BC. The diocese was officially founded on May 30, 1996, by Catholicos Karekin I. The seat of the diocese is the Cathedral of Saint Gregory of Narek in the town of Armavir. Bishop Sion Adamyan is currently the primate of the diocese, serving since 2001
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Diocese of Armavir


Targmanchats were built. After the independence of Armenia, the Diocese of Armavir was officially founded upon a "kontakion" issued by Catholicos Karekin I on May 30, 1996. The church of Holy Mother of God in Vagharshapat has served as the seat of the diocese until 2014, when it was moved to the newly-built Saint Gregory of Narek Church in the town of Armavir. Currently, the diocese has 26 churches under its jurisdiction, while the Etchmiadzin Cathedral and the churches of Hripsime, Gayane, Shoghakat, and the
7235152
Artik


of the population in Artik are ethnic Armenians who belong to the Armenian Apostolic Church. The church is under the jurisdiction of the Diocese of Artik headed by Archimendrite Narek Avagyan, based in the Varagatun Saint Gregory Cathedral of Artik. The diocese was officially founded on 2 December 2012, when it was separated from the Diocese of Shirak, upon a kontakion issued by Catholicos Karekin II. Artik is served by 2 major hospitals: Artik is one of the ancient settlements of Armenia. The town is home to many old cemetery yards dating
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Our Lady of Narek Cathedral, Buenos Aires


The Our Lady of Narek Cathedral ( ) also called Armenian Cathedral of Our Lady of Narek ("Catedral Armenia de Nuestra Señora de Narek") is an Armenian Catholic cathedral church that is located in the Charcas street in the city of Buenos Aires the capital of Argentina. The congregation follows the Armenian rite and is in full communion with the Pope. It is one of the five Catholic cathedrals in Buenos Aires, others following the Roman rite (Metropolitan Cathedral of the Holy Trinity and the Military Cathedral), Maronite Rite (
2694206
Narek Margaryan


Narek Margaryan (, ) (born September 14, 1983 in Yerevan, Soviet Union) is an Armenian comedian, screenwriter and TV host. Since 2007 with his friend, comedian and writer Sergey Sargsyan he wrote, directed and performed a series of stand up comedy shows. In 2009 Narek Margaryan and Sergey Sargsyan started ArmComedy  first satiric news site in Armenia giving a fresh, funny and controversial   interpretation of on current Armenian social and political developments. In 2010 ArmComedy won ArmNet Award  for Armenian website with best content  . Same year Narek
19718084
San Lazzaro degli Armeni


the saint performing the baptism of the Armenian king Tiridates III. The altarpiece dedicated to the mother of Jesus depicts the Nativity of Mary by Domenico Maggiotto. The altarpiece of St. Anthony by Francesco Zugno depicts the founder of the Oriental monasticism who inspired Mkhitar. Within the church, there are paintings of Armenian saints by Paoletti created in 1901: Ghevond, Hripsime, Nerses of Lambron, Nerses the Great, Sandukht, Vardan, Gregory of Narek, Nerses Shnorhali. Other significant paintings include Madonna with Child by Palma il Giovane (Jacopo
11221039
Nikoghos Tahmizian


his forty years of research in the field. Several dozen neumatic symbols have now been revealed, defined, categorized and interpreted as a result of his work. His research into the musical heritage of Armenia revealed and explained the most crucial periods in the history of Armenian music and its notorious representatives. He brought to life the musical contributions of Mesrop Mashtots (5th century), Sahak Partev (Isaac of Armenia, 4th/5th century), Movses Khorenatsi (5th century), Gregory of Narek (Grigor Narekatsi, 10th century),
17048511
Gregory of Narek


is impossible and between the divine grace and his own sense of one's own unworthiness to receive that grace. However, the love and mercy of the all-embracing, all-forgiving, and amazing grace of God compensates the unworthiness of man. The book is considered a masterpiece of Christian spiritual literature and the "most beloved work of Armenian literature." It has been historically kept in Armenian homes. Scholars have described its popularity among Armenians as being second only to the Bible. In 1853 American missionary H. G. O.
7160736
Gregory of Narek


The central idea of Narekatsi's philosophy is eternal salvation relying solely upon faith and divine grace, and not necessarily upon the institutional church, in which Narekatsi's views are similar to those of the 16th century Protestant Reformation. Narekatsi is believed to have been suspected of heresy and being sympathetic to the Paulicians and Tondrakians—two major sects in medieval Armenia. He notably wrote a treatise against the Tondrakians in the 980s, possibly to clear himself of accusations of being sympathetic to their movement. In the treatise he states some of his
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Gregory of Narek


as one of the great mystical writers of medieval Christendom." Vrej Nersessian considers Narekatsi a "poet of world stature" in the "scope and breadth of his intellect and poetic inventiveness, and in the brooding, visionary quality of his language"—on a par with St Augustine, Dante, and Edward Taylor. This view has been echoed by Levon Zekiyan. Armenian-born Russian critic writes that Narekatsi's genius makes him comparable with Shakespeare, Cervantes, and Dostoevsky. France-based Western Armenian writer Shahan Shahnour has bene Narekatsi's
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Gregory of Narek


most prominent critic. Shahnour targeted him in his novel "Retreat Without Song" (Նահանջը առանց երգի, published in 1929) through one of his characters. The latter describes the "Book of Lamentations" as "the most immoral, unhealthy, poisonous book, a work that had debilitated the Armenians as a nation. The Armenians remain defeated in trying to emulate Grigor's miserable, maimed soul." Author and critic Ara Baliozian argues that Narekatsi is "our greatest writer because nobody reads him." Paruyr Sevak opined that
7160746
Gregory of Narek


The Armenian Catholic Diocese of Buenos Aires is called the . Narekatsi was often mentioned by Pope John Paul II. In his 1987 encyclical "Redemptoris Mater" the Pope called him "one of the outstanding glories of Armenia." Article 2678 of Catechism of the Catholic Church, promulgated by John Paul II in 1992, mentions the tradition of prayer in his works. John Paul II referred to him in addresses in 2000 and 2002. In his February 18, 2001 "Angelus" address John Paul II described him as "one
7160750
Christianity in the 21st century


Francis officially proclaimed Saint Gregory of Narek as Doctor of the Church in attendance of Armenian President Serzh Sargsyan, Catholicos of All Armenians Karekin II, Catholicos of Cilicia Aram I, and Armenian Catholic Patriarch Nerses Bedros XIX Tarmouni. He became the 36th and the first Armenian Doctor of the Church. He is also the only Doctor "who was not in communion with the Catholic Church during his lifetime." Cathedral of the Holy Martyrs () in Gyumri, Armenia, the cathedral for the Armenian Catholic Ordinariate for Armenia, Georgia,
821040
History of the Roman Canon


), the organiser of the Roman Liturgy, that tradition ascribes the revision and arrangement of the Roman Canon. His reign thus provides a natural division in the discussion of the history of the Canon. Gregory himself thought that the Canon had been composed by "a certain "scholasticus"", and Pope Benedict XIV discussed whether he meant some person so named or merely "a certain learned man". Gregory himself is credited with adding a phrase to the Canon. The Canon that he left represents in fact the last stage
19675853
Armenian Catholic Eparchy of San Gregorio de Narek en Buenos Aires


The Armenian Catholic Eparchy of San Gregorio de Narek en Buenos Aires in an eparchy (Eastern Catholic diocese) of the Armenian Catholic Church (Armenian Rite in Armenian language) for Argentina. It depends immediately on the Armenian Catholic Patriarch of Cilicia, without being part of his or any other ecclesiastical province. Its Cathedral episcopal see is the Marian Catedral Armenia de Nuestra Señora de Narek, in Argentina's capital Buenos Aires, dedicated to Our Lady of Nareg. Established on 18 February 1989 as Eparchy of San Gregorio de Narek en (
11156955
Pope Francis


for a range of men and women including the likes of Álvaro del Portillo of Opus Dei (27 September 2014), the martyred archbishop Óscar Romero (23 May 2015) and several large groups of Spanish martyrs. On 21 February 2015, Francis signed a decree naming Saint Gregory of Narek as the 36th Doctor of the Church; he formally conferred the title upon the saint at a ceremony held in Saint Peter's Basilica on 12 April 2015 with delegations from the Armenian Catholic Church and the Armenian Apostolic Church present. Francis also
10824464
Vache Sharafyan


mezzo-soprano and male choir, 18 min. commissioned by the Estonian State Male Choir. cond. Mikk Uleoja (mezzo Iris Uleoja) 2017 8. Aubade for mix choir 2018 (Lyrics by Shakespeare) 4 min. 9. "Eyes color of Sea" for girls choir 6 min. /based on the Armenian medieval hymn by St Gregory of Narek / 2018 1. CANTICUM DOLOROSUM et CANTICUM PACIFICUM for soprano, mix choir and orchestra (D trumpet, percussion, piano, strings) 23 min. 2. LACRYMOSA
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Gregory of Narek


Lamentations" has been compared to that of "Confessions" by Augustine of Hippo. Some modern scholars have compared Narekatsi's worldview and philosophy to those of later Sufi mystic poets Rumi and Yunus Emre, and 19th century Russian writers Fyodor Dostoevsky and Leo Tolstoy. Narekatsi was the first major Armenian lyrical poet and is considered the most beloved person in Armenian Christianity. Robert W. Thomson described him as the "most significant poet of the whole Armenian religious tradition," while Jos Weitenberg declared him the "most outstanding theological, mystical and
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Gregory of Narek


literary figure of Armenian culture." James R. Russell lists Narekatsi as one of the three visionaries of the Armenian tradition, along with Mesrop Mashtots and Yeghishe Charents. Agop Jack Hacikyan et al. note that through his "lively, vibrant, and highly individual style" Narekatsi shaped, refined, and greatly enriched Classical Armenian through his works. According to Hrachik Mirzoyan, Narekatsi created up to 2,500 new Armenian words, although many of which are not actively used. According to Hacikyan et al. Narekatsi "deserves to be known
7160744
Ottavio Orsini


Ottavio Orsini (1585–1640) was a Roman Catholic prelate who served as Bishop of Segni (1632–1640) and Bishop of Venafro (1621–1632). Ottavio Orsini was born in 1585 and ordained a priest in 1618. On 13 Sep 1621, he was appointed during the papacy of Pope Gregory XV as Bishop of Venafro. On 21 Sep 1621, he was consecrated bishop by Roberto Ubaldini, Bishop of Montepulciano, with Pietro Antonio Da Ponte, Bishop of Troia, and Fabrizio Landriani, Bishop of Pavia, serving as co-consecrators
1965199
Karl P. Cohen


Ortho‐ and Paradeuterium" "A Re-Examination of the McMahon Act," Karl Cohen, Pages 7–10 | Published online: 15 Sep 2015 "Atomic Power as a Risk Venture," Karl Cohen, Pages 305-308 | Published online: 15 Sep 2015 Astrophysicist Gregory Benford’s 2017 alternative history novel, "The Berlin Project", is based on Urey and Cohen's centrifuge method for uranium separation, promoting their view that it was a more effective method than the gaseous diffusion method adopted by the government, and offered
4764618
History of the Roman Canon


Gregory became pope, the Roman Canon was already fixed in its present order. There are scarcely any changes to note in its history since then. "No pope has added to or changed the Canon since St. Gregory" says Benedict XIV ("De SS. Missæ Sacr.", 162). We learn from Joannes Diaconus that St. Gregory "collected the Sacramentary of Gelasius in one book, leaving out much, changing little adding something for the exposition of the Gospels" (II, xvii). These modifications seem
19675905
Pope Gregory I


Deacon wrote that Pope Gregory I made a general revision of the liturgy of the Pre-Tridentine Mass, "removing many things, changing a few, adding some". In letters, Gregory remarks that he moved the "Pater Noster" (Our Father) to immediately after the Roman Canon and immediately before the Fraction. This position is still maintained today in the Roman Liturgy. The pre-Gregorian position is evident in the Ambrosian Rite. Gregory added material to the "Hanc Igitur" of the Roman Canon and established
16206411
Prætextatus (bishop of Rouen)


further wrongdoing, including conspiracy, contravening the canons (church law) and theft. It is heavily implied by Gregory of Tours that these accusation were false, as is noted by Edward James. Once the King had retired Gregory spoke up for the bishop, giving a long speech on the topic. Prætextatus eventually confessed to his crimes, although it is implied by Gregory that he was manipulated into doing so. Chilperic then forged canons that stipulated a bishop in Prætextatus’ position must be excommunicated. Gregory again spoke up for him
19508967
Saint Narek chapel


of August before the liturgy in St. Hakob Church in Vardenis village, the believers' chapel, led by the spiritual class, moves to St. Narek Chapel. Only that day the Gospel of miraculous medicine published in 1710, Constantinople is moved to St. Hakob church. That day is a pilgrimage day during which believers have the opportunity to communicate with "Papé's Narek", and the St. Hakob's Church holds sacramental liturgy and sacrament. In the framework of the visit of Pope Francis to Armenia in 2016, Armenian President Serzh
8633394
Jus antiquum


letters of the following great bishops—Dionysius of Alexandria, Peter of Alexandria (the Martyr), Gregory Thaumaturgus, Athanasius, Basil, Gregory of Nyssa, Gregory of Nazianzus, Amphilochus of Iconium, Timotheus of Alexandria, Theophilus of Alexandria, Cyril of Alexandria, Gennadius of Constantinople; the canon of Cyprian of Carthage (the Martyr) is also mentioned, but with the note that it is only valid for Africa. With the addition of the twenty-two canons of the ecumenical council of Nicaea (787), this
2433133
Narek Sargsyan


Narek Sargsyan (; born in 1959, Jermuk, Armenia) is the Minister of Urban Development of Armenia. Narek Sargsyan finished the Yerevan Polytechnic Institute in 1980. He served as Yerevan's Chief Architect in 1999–2004 and from 2011 up to 2014. From 2014 up to now: Minister of Urban Development of Republic Of Armenia. He was born on January 1, 1959 in town of Jermuk. In 1980, he graduated with a diploma of honors from the Architectural department of Yerevan State Polytechnic Institute. During the period of study on
12459983
First Council of Constantinople


, Gregory was selected to lead the Council. The Egyptian and Macedonian bishops who had supported Maximus's ordination arrived late for the Council. Once there, they refused to recognise Gregory's position as head of the church of Constantinople, arguing that his transfer from the See of Sasima was canonically illegitimate because one of the canons of the Council of Nicaea had forbidden bishops to transfer from their sees. McGuckin describes Gregory as physically exhausted and worried that he was losing the confidence of the bishops and the emperor. Ayres goes further and
11422105
Canon of the Mass


and "Nobis quoque") were added during the following century. After the time of Pope Gregory I (590–604), who made at least one change in the text, the Canon remained largely unchanged in Rome. Not so elsewhere. The 11th-century Missal of Robert of Jumièges, Archbishop of Canterbury, interpolates the names of Saint Gertrude, Saint Gregory, Saint Ethraelda, and other English saints in the Communicantes. The Missale Drummondiense inserts the names of Saint Patrick and Saint Gregory the Great. And in several Medieval
18752494
Narek Beglaryan


Narek Samveli Beglaryan (, born 1 September 1985 in Noyemberyan) is an Armenian football striker, who plays for Alashkert. Narek started his career with his local club, FC Mika. Beglaryan became the second best scorer in 2011 season with 11 goals. On 25 January 2012, he joined the Slovak Corgoň Liga club 1. FC Tatran Prešov on a half-year contract. He made his first team debut on 3 March 2012, replacing Dávid Guba from the substitutes bench after eighty minutes in a 0–1 loss against MFK Košice
6747813
The Bridge (long poem)


imagination and compelling rhythms. But its central intention, to give to America a myth embodying a creed which may sustain us somewhat as Christianity has done in the past, the poem fails." Critical consensus on "The Bridge" (and on Crane's status in the Modernist canon more broadly) still remains deeply divided. Some critics believe that "The Bridge" was Crane's crowning achievement, and that it is a masterpiece of American modernism. For instance, Gregory Woods writes that "Hart Crane’s place in the
11286282
History of the Roman Canon


The Roman Canon is the oldest eucharistic prayer used in the Mass of the Roman Rite, and dates its arrangement to at least the 7th century. Through the centuries, the Roman Canon has undergone minor alterations and modifications, but retains the same essential form it took in the seventh century under Pope Gregory I. Before 1970, it was the only eucharistic prayer used in the Roman Missal, but since then three other eucharistic prayers were newly composed for the Mass of Paul VI. It is to Pope Gregory I (590-604
19675852
Canons regular


and the partial destruction of the canonical life. In the 11th century the canonical order was reformed and renewed, chiefly owing to the efforts of Hildebrand (c. 1020-1085), later Pope Gregory VII, culminating in the Lateran Synod of 1059. Here for the first time the Apostolic See officially recognized and approved the life of the religious clergy, which had been founded by bishops and others. Gregory VII's reformation resulted in a distinction being made between the clerics who lived in separate houses and those who still preserved the
6463968
Regular clergy


and live in a regular canonicate, in opposition to monks who wear the monastic habit, and live in a monastery. But the "Decretals of Gregory IX", promulgated 5 September 1234, use the word "regularis" in a more general sense, in book III, ch. xxxi, which is entitled "De regularibus et transeuntibus ad religionem". However in ch. xxxv "De statu monachorum et canonicorum regularium" the distinction returns, disappearing in the corresponding book and chapter of the "Decretals of Boniface VIII
11472846
Norbert of Xanten


Abbey of Strahov in Prague to retrieve the saint's body. Only after several military defeats at the hand of Emperor Ferdinand II was the abbot of Strahov able to claim the body. On 2 May 1627 the body was finally brought to Prague where it remains to this day, displayed as an auto-icon in a glass-fronted tomb. Saint Norbert was canonized by Pope Gregory XIII in the year 1582, and his statue appears above the Piazza colonnade of St. Peter's Basilica in Rome. Premonstratensian (or Norbertine)
1602852
Pełka (archbishop of Gniezno)


in church politics. In 1238, Pope Gregory IX allowed the wearing of "the cross metropolitan" and he probably participated in the 1245 deliberations of the Council of Lyon and in 1253 he consecrated the first bishop of Lithuania, Dominican friar Wit (Vitas). He also oversaw canonization of Stanislaus of Szczepanów in 1253. In 1256, the Holy See confirmed metropolis status to Gniezno. Pełka died April 5, 1258 in Łęczyca and was buried in the Gniezno Cathedral. A commission was appointed by Pope Innocent IV to examine the
18234561
Lungro


with valuable paintings of the Neapolitan school and wooden statues of exquisite workmanship. The aisles of the Temple, already painted by K.Tsitlavidis Macedonian painter, were recently enriched with paintings of Greek artists Charalambos and Gregory of Thessaloniki, which respect the canons of the Byzantine traditional color. Placed on the left aisle, the six canvases depicting the life of St. Nicholas of Myra, the patron of Lungro. The works of the south aisle represent the life of Jesus Christ. Of great artistic workmanship are the three bronze doors with reliefs made using
8022099
Pope Gregory X


this point in 1240 that Teobaldo also became a Canon of the Cathedral of Lyons, at the request of the Canons made to Cardinal Giacomo de Pecorari when a vacancy in their number occurred. Pope Gregory's ecumenical council never took place, and he died on 22 August 1241. The search for a successor to Gregory IX took more than two months. The new Pope, Celestine IV, who was old and ill, survived his election by only 17 days, dying on 10 November 1241. The second electoral assembly of 1241
4625465
Antipope Benedict XIII


obtained his doctorate and later taught Canon law. His knowledge of canon law, noble lineage, and austere way of life won him the approval of Pope Gregory XI, who appointed de Luna to the position of Cardinal Deacon of Santa Maria in Cosmedin on 20 December 1375. In 1377 Pedro de Luna and the other cardinals returned to Rome with Pope Gregory, who had been persuaded to leave his papal base at Avignon by Catherine of Siena. After Gregory's death on 27 March 1378, the people of Rome feared that the
20331525
Collectio canonum Hibernensis


is probably the most ambitious endeavour to codify Christian life of all the medieval canonical compilations.’ A relatively small portion of the work comprises excerpts from ancient canons and decretals; far more common are citations of Scripture and the Church Fathers―Origen, Jerome, Augustine, Pope Gregory I, and Gregory Nazianzenus being most prominent among these. Its use of Greek Fathers as sources for canon law has been called ‘unique’. Not including quotations inside excerpted patristic writers, "Hib" contains about 1,000 quotations of Scripture, two-thirds
21541244
First Council of the Lateran


life, Callistus II attempted to secure the status of the Church as it had existed at the end of the reign of Pope Gregory VII. He reorganized and reformed the churches around Rome, canonized Conrad of Constance, condemned the teaching of Peter de Bruis, confirmed the Bishop Thurston of York against the wishes of Henry I of England, and affirmed the freedom of York from the see of Canterbury. Callistus died December 13, 1124. He was succeeded by Pope Honorius II. Callistus II was a strong figure who brought a
11120167
Pauline-Marie Jaricot


..." In 1826 Jaricot founded the Living Rosary Association. The fifteen decades of the rosary were divided among fifteen associates, each of whom had to recite daily only one determined decade. She expanded the organization's work to include the distribution of prayer leaflets, holy pictures, medals and rosaries. The Living Rosary Association grew rapidly in France and spread to other countries during her lifetime and for years thereafter. In 1832, Pope Gregory XVI gave canonical status to the Living Rosary Association. By the mid-20th century, however, the
3288816
History of the Roman Canon


to concern chiefly the parts of the Mass outside the Canon. We are told that Gregory added to the ""Hanc igitur"" the continuation ""diesque nostros in tuâ pace disponas"" etc. (ib.). We have already noticed that this second part was originally a fragment of a prayer for the dead. St. Gregory's addition may then very well mean, not that he composed it, but that he joined it to the ""Hanc igitur"", having removed it from its original
19675906
History of the Roman Canon


which therefore represents the Roman Rite at the end of the 8th century. But it is practically unchanged since St. Gregory's time. The Gelasian Sacramentary, which is earlier than the so-called Gregorian one, is itself later than St. Gregory. It contains the same Canon (except that there are a few more saints' names in the ""Communicantes"") and has the continuation ""diesque nostros in tuâ pace disponas"", etc., joined to the ""Hanc igitur"", just
19675908
Gregory Thaumaturgus


Gregory Thaumaturgus or Gregory the Miracle-Worker (, "Grēgórios ho Thaumatourgós"; ;  213 – 270), also known as Gregory of Neocaesarea, was a Christian bishop of the 3rd century. He has been canonized as a saint in the Roman Catholic and Orthodox Churches. Gregory was born around AD 213 to a wealthy pagan family in Neocaesarea (modern Niksar, then the capital of the area of Pontus in Asia Minor). Little is known of his pastoral work, and his surviving theological writings are in an incomplete
11236975
Minuscule 908 (Gregory-Aland)


Canons. It also contains Argumentum (i.e. explanation of using Eusebian Canons), tables of the ("tables of contents"), lectionary markings at the margin (for liturgical use), liturgical books with hagiographies: Synaxarion and Menologion. The Greek text of the codex Kurt Aland did not place it in any Category. It was not examined by the Claremont Profile Method. In result its textual character is unknown. C. R. Gregory dated the manuscript to the 13th century. Currently the manuscript is dated by the INTF to
17908161
Pope Gregory I


Orthodox Church, Anglican Communion, and some Lutheran denominations. Immediately after his death, Gregory was canonized by popular acclaim. The Protestant reformer John Calvin admired Gregory greatly, and declared in his "Institutes" that Gregory was the last good Pope. He is the patron saint of musicians, singers, students, and teachers. The exact date of Gregory's birth is uncertain, but is usually estimated to be around the year 540, in the city of Rome, then recently reconquered by the Eastern Roman Empire from the Ostrogoths
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