Global Supply Systems [SEP] airline hub
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Qatar Airways


600F freighters operating on regional routes feeding the airline's hub. Dedicated cargo flights to Cairo International Airport were launched in June 2009 complementing the passenger services already operated. On August 18, 2010, the airline launched its first US dedicated cargo service from its hub in Doha to Chicago-O'Hare with a stop-over in Amsterdam, Netherlands using Boeing 777 freighter aircraft. On March 13, 2013, Qatar Airways Cargo first of three A330F was delivered provided on lease from BOC aviation replacing A300-600F. Global Supply Systems operated three
7010763
Global Supply Systems


Global Supply Systems (GSS) was a British cargo airline based at London Stansted Airport. It provided dedicated freighters to airlines on a wet lease basis. The company held a United Kingdom Civil Aviation Authority Type A Operating Licence, it was permitted to carry passengers, cargo and mail on aircraft with 20 or more seats. The company changed its name to Global Supply Systems Limited on 31 January 2001, and started operations on 29 June 2002. It began flying operations for British Airways World Cargo between London Stansted, Frankfurt and Hong
19891615
CargoLogicAir


CargoLogicAir, Ltd. (CLA) is a British cargo airline with its headquarters in the London Heathrow Airport. After Global Supply Systems' contract with British Airways World Cargo was terminated in January 2014, CLA effectively became the only British all-cargo airline and absorbed some of the Global Supply Systems staff. It received its Air Operator's Certificate (AOC) from the UK Civil Aviation Authority in December 2015 and commenced operations soon after. As an independent, privately owned airline, the fleet is overseen by its own management and executive
6442084
FlyMe


another airline Global Supply Systems a British all cargo carrier. FlyMe acquired in late 2006 a 25% stake in Global Supply Systems holding company Riverdon ltd with the aim to create a low cost long haul product. The airline ceased operations on 2 March 2007. The airline was founded in 2003 and started operations on 1 March 2004. It employed 104 staff. On 2 March 2007, FlyMe announced that it would file for bankruptcy due to an unwillingness by its banks to release further funding; this decision was based on proceeds from
8944748
Christen Ager-Hanssen


The battle was described in detail in the press. Both airlines later went bankrupt because the owners would not support the companies with additional capital. Ager-Hanssen and Porter also had a controlling stake in the English-based freight operator Global Supply Systems (GSS). GSS was launched in 2001 as a British all-cargo carrier whose principal business was providing aircraft on long-term leases to other airlines on an ACMI (Aircraft, Crew, Maintenance, Insurance) basis. Global Supply Systems was joint venture with Atlas Air
21920016
Airline hub


passengers. However, with the term's expanded usage, a focus city may also function as a small-scale or total hub. Allegiant Air, JetBlue and Southwest Airlines are examples of US-based airlines that consider some of their focus cities run like a hub. The hub-and-spoke system allows an airline to serve fewer routes, so fewer aircraft are needed. The system also increases passenger loads; a flight from a hub to a spoke carries not just passengers originating at the hub, but also passengers
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Airline hub


connection times are longer at a rolling hub. American Airlines was the first to depeak its hubs, trying to improve profitability following the September 11 attacks. It rebanked its hubs in 2015, however, feeling the gain in connecting passengers would outweigh the rise in costs. The hub-and-spoke system is also used by some cargo airlines. FedEx Express established its main hub in Memphis in 1973, prior to the deregulation of the air cargo industry in the United States. The system has created an efficient delivery system for
15530810
Airline hub


Airline hubs or hub airports are used by one or more airlines to concentrate passenger traffic and flight operations at a given airport. They serve as transfer (or stop-over) points to get passengers to their final destination. It is part of the hub-and-spoke system. An airline operates flights from several non-hub (spoke) cities to the hub airport, and passengers traveling between spoke cities need to connect through the hub. This paradigm creates economies of scale that allow an airline to serve (via
15530804
Roswell International Air Center


service with major airlines to provide nonstop regional jet flights to a major hub. American Eagle, the feeder carrier for American Airlines responded and began service on Sep. 5, 2007 with two daily flights to Dallas/Ft. Worth on 50-seat Embraer 145s. The service did so well that a third flight was added only seven months later. Mesa Airlines then ended all of their Roswell service on the last day of 2007 which left no flights to Albuquerque. At the request of Roswell city officials, American Eagle began a westbound flight
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Lufthansa Innovation Hub


The Lufthansa Innovation Hub in Berlin, Germany is the digital innovation unit of the global aviation conglomerate Lufthansa Group. The business is a wholly owned subsidiary of Deutsche Lufthansa AG and manages the interests of the Lufthansa Group hub airlines (Lufthansa, SWISS, Austrian Airlines), the Low-cost carrier Eurowings, the frequent flyer program Miles & More and other subsidiaries of the group in building strategic relationships with players of the global technology sector, developing digital solutions for travelers and transforming the group into a holistic travel and mobility service provider
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Airline hub


the airline. Other airlines that use this system include UPS Airlines, TNT Airways, Cargolux and DHL Aviation, which operate their primary hubs at Louisville, Liège, Luxembourg and Leipzig respectively. Although the term "focus city" is used to mainly refer to an airport from which an airline operates limited point-to-point routes, its usage has loosely expanded to refer to a small-scale hub as well. For example, JetBlue's New York–JFK focus city runs like a hub, although in reality it
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Airline hub


originating at multiple spoke cities. However, the system is costly. Additional employees and facilities are needed to cater to connecting passengers. To serve spoke cities of varying populations and demand, an airline requires several aircraft types, and specific training and equipment are necessary for each type. In addition, airlines may experience capacity constraints as they expand at their hub airports. For the passenger, the hub-and-spoke system offers one-stop air service to a wide array of destinations. However, it requires having to regularly
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Global Supply Systems


Kong using a Boeing 747-400 freighter on dry lease from partner Atlas Air. The company was founded by Atlas Air and John Robert Porter and was majority British-owned (51%), with Atlas Air as minority shareholder (49%). In January 2014, British Airways World Cargo as the airline's main customer terminated its contract with Global Supply Systems, effective from 30 April. GSS was unable to find a new customer and ceased operations later that year. The company continued to dry-lease two Boeing
19891616
Airline Deregulation Act


airport (a spoke) would fly into the hub, then reach the final destination by flying from the hub to another airport, the spoke. While more efficient for serving smaller markets, this system has enabled some airlines to drive out competition from their "fortress hubs." The growth of low-cost carriers such as Southwest Airlines has brought more point-to-point service back into the United States air transport system, and contributed to the development of a wider range of aircraft types that are better adaptable to markets
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Transport hub


Airlines previously operated such cooperative "through plane" interchange flights on both domestic and/or international services in the past with these schedules appearing in their respective system timetables. Delta Air Lines pioneered the hub and spoke system for aviation in 1955 from its hub in Atlanta, Georgia, United States, in an effort to compete with Eastern Air Lines. FedEx adopted the hub and spoke model for overnight package delivery during the 1970s. When the United States airline industry was deregulated in 1978, Delta's hub and spoke paradigm was annexed by several
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Transport hub


airlines. A large number of airlines around the world operate hub and spoke systems facilitating passenger connections between their respective flights. Intermodal passenger transport hubs in public transport include bus stations, railway stations and metro stations, while a major transport hub, often multimodal (bus and rail), may be referred to as a transport center or, in American English, as a transit center. Sections of city streets that are devoted to functioning as transit hubs are referred to as transit malls. Modern electronic passenger information systems and journey planners
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Virgin America


at Dallas Love Field. Virgin America announced in January 2011 a firm order for sixty new Airbus A320 aircraft, including thirty new Airbus A320neos, that would be delivered starting in 2016, as a formal expansion of an initial commitment made by Richard Branson at the Farnborough Airshow in July 2010. In April 2011, Virgin America's hub at San Francisco International Airport relocated to the newly remodeled Terminal 2, sharing the gates with American Airlines. In late October 2011, the airline migrated to Sabre's global distribution system (GDS)
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Emirates (airline)


70 countries across six continents from its hub in Dubai. As of September 2018, Emirates’ global network spanned 161 destinations in 85 countries. Emirates is not a member of any of the three global airline alliances – Oneworld, SkyTeam or Star Alliance. In 2000 the airline briefly considered joining Star Alliance, but opted to remain independent. The reasoning for this was later revealed by senior vice-president of the airline's commercial operations worldwide that, "Your ability to react in the marketplace is hindered because you need a consensus
13421166
Alcazar (airline)


's hub at Amsterdam Schiphol Airport would become the main hub for flights to South America, while Austrian's hub at Vienna International Airport would become the main hub for flights to Eastern Europe. The airlines operated three different long-haul aircraft: SAS used Boeing 767s, Swissair McDonnell Douglas MD-11s, while KLM operated Boeing 747 aircraft. Other non-conformities between the airlines included SAS using Amadeus and KLM using Galileo as their computer reservations system. To resolve issues with the labour unions, the airlines decided to organize the company with
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Mississauga


443,958 aircraft movements. It is a major North American global gateway, handling more international passengers than any airport in North America other than John F. Kennedy International Airport. Pearson is the main hub for Air Canada, and a hub for passenger airline WestJet and cargo airline FedEx Express. It is served by over 75 airlines having over 180 destinations. In 2010, the City of Mississauga approved a Cycling Master Plan outlining a strategy to develop over of on and off-road cycling routes in the city over the next 20 years.
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Atlantic Southeast Airlines


a true regional airline, the company was named 'Regional Airline of the Year' by "Air Transport World" in January 1987. ASA initiated jet service with introduction of British Aerospace BAe 146-200 aircraft in 1995. Two years later, the company began using Canadair CRJ200 regional jets for service from its Atlanta hub. CRJ service from the Dallas/Fort Worth hub began in 2000. On September 8, 1998 the company was honored as one of the global aviation and aerospace industry's best managed companies by Aviation Week
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Western Global Airlines


and military charters. Its hub is located at Southwest Florida International Airport. As of October 2017, Western Global Airlines owns the following aircraft: On February 13, 2016, Western Global Airlines Flight AJK-4425, a McDonnell Douglas MD11F registered as N545JN took off from Munich, Germany on a flight to King Shaka International Airport, South Africa carrying bank notes destined for the South African Reserve Bank. While making a fuel stop in Harare, Zimbabwe the aircraft was impounded after ground staff reported seeing blood dripping from the aircraft. The crew
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Queen Alia International Airport


of Transport oversees the project for the Government. The Ministry of Transport receives full annual financial statements as well as quarterly financial and operational reports. Queen Alia Airport has various amounts of cargo traffic, both unscheduled and scheduled. Various airlines including Royal Jordanian Cargo, operate unscheduled freighter flights in and out of Queen Alia Airport to various parts of the world. As of 2015, Queen Alia became the hub for some of the US military contract flights supplying machinery and equipment to the region. The global "Airport Service Quality (ASQ
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Southwest Airlines


, Southwest Airlines has scheduled flights to 101 destinations in 41 states, Puerto Rico, Mexico, Central America and the Caribbean. It operates crew bases at the following airports: Atlanta, Baltimore, Chicago–Midway, Dallas–Love, Denver, Houston–Hobby, Las Vegas, Los Angeles, Oakland, Orlando, and Phoenix–Sky Harbor. Southwest does not use the "hub and spoke" system of other major airlines, preferring the "point-to-point" system, combined with a "rolling hub
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Airline hub


an intermediate connection) city-pairs that could otherwise not be economically served on a non-stop basis. This system contrasts with the point-to-point model, in which there are no hubs and nonstop flights are instead offered between spoke cities. Hub airports also serve origin and destination (O&D) traffic. In the airline industry, a focus city is a destination from which an airline operates limited point-to-point routes. Ergo, a focus city primarily caters to the local market rather than to connecting
15530805
Taleo


of supply-chain management processes. Viasite was later renamed Recruitsoft, Inc. In 1999, Recruitsoft registered as a Delaware corporation with headquarters in San Francisco, California, and launched Recruiter WebTop, an online hiring management system. Global expansion followed, and by 2001 the company had secured customer relationships with large enterprises including Hewlett Packard, Dow Chemical, Agilent, Hasbro, American Airlines, United Airlines, Deloitte & Touche, Bombardier Aerospace and Transportation, MetLife, Cabletron Systems, and Sutter Health. Recruitsoft, Inc. changed its name to
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ATPCO


The Airline Tariff Publishing Company (commonly known as ATPCO) is a privately held corporation that engages in the collection and distribution of fare and fare-related data for the airline and travel industry. ATPCO currently works with more than 427 airlines worldwide, and it supplies more than 99 percent of the industry’s intermediated fare data to all the major airfare pricing engines, storing over 211 million active fares in its database. The users of ATPCO’s data are Global Distribution Systems (GDS), such as Sabre, Amadeus, Travelport
16246937
Transportation in Memphis, Tennessee


regional system. Memphis is served by Memphis International Airport, which handles more cargo than any other airport in the world . The airport is the international cargo hub for FedEx and became a passenger hub for Delta Air Lines after their merger with Northwest Airlines in 2008. Currently, only domestic flights are available for passengers. International flights are only available for cargo. Other passenger airlines providing service to the airport are Air Canada Jazz, AirTran Airways, American Airlines, Continental Airlines, SeaPort Airlines, United Airlines and US Airways. The
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Airline hub


, which benefit from their proximity to large population centres, have become popular stopover points on trips between Europe and Asia, for example. Their rapid growth has impacted the development of traditional hubs, such as London, Paris, and New York City. Before the US airline industry was deregulated in 1978, most airlines operated under the point-to-point system (with a notable exception being Pan Am). The Civil Aeronautics Board dictated which routes an airline could fly. At the same time, however, some airlines
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Frankfurt Rhein-Main Regional Authority


cities it was ranked 10th by the Global Power City Index 2011 and 11th by the Global City Competitiveness Index 2012. Among financial centers it was ranked 8th by the International Financial Centers Development Index 2013 and 9th by the Global Financial Centres Index 2013. Due to its central location within Germany and Europe, Frankfurt is a major air, rail and highway transport hub. Frankfurt Airport is one of the world's busiest international airports by passenger traffic and the main hub for Germany's flag carrier Lufthansa, the largest airline in Europe.
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British Airways


, of these only one of Atlas Air's aircraft wore BA livery, the others flew in Atlas and Global Supply's own colours. From 2012 until the termination of Global Supply System's contract in 2014, three Boeing 747-8F aircraft were flown for British Airways World Cargo. The airline has its own engineering branch to maintain its aircraft fleet, this includes line maintenance at over 70 airports around the world. As well as hangar facilities at Heathrow and Gatwick airport it has two major maintenance centres at Glasgow and Cardiff Airports
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Air travel


-hub model to operate flights in between airports. The point-to-point model, often used by low-cost carriers such as Southwest, relies on scheduling flights directly between destination airports. The spoke-and-hub model, used by carriers such as American and Delta, relies on scheduling flights to and from hub airports. The hub-and-spoke model allows airlines to connect more destinations and provide more frequent routes, while the point-to-point system allows airlines to avoid layovers and have more
7065976
Fort Wayne International Airport


of air cargo from what was then Baer Field. In the 1980s, as air cargo shifted to specialized airlines, the airport gained a hub for Burlington Air Express (now BAX Global) in 1985. The airport was also a finalist for the United States Postal Service Express Mail hub in 1991; this hub went to Indianapolis International Airport before being closed in 2001 as the USPS shifted Express Mail and Priority Mail air duties to FedEx Express. The BAX hub was moved to Toledo Express Airport in 1991, and a hub for
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Stop the Traffik


into vulnerable communities, enabling resilience building and community transformation. This builds systemic disruption of human trafficking networks. This intelligence informs business and consumer communities about how and where modern slavery is present in global supply chains. This is used to empower consumer communities to change their buying habits and equipping business communities to identify and prevent vulnerability to human trafficking. Across the UK, it has built Modern Slavery hubs upon a foundation of dedicated volunteers. These hubs empower communities of law enforcement, government agencies, local authorities and NGOs to build resilience
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List of SriLankan Airlines destinations


SriLankan Airlines, is the flag carrier of Sri Lanka. Launched in 1979, the airline’s hub is located at Bandaranaike International Airport in Colombo, providing connections to its global route network of 96 destinations in 46 countries (including codeshare operations along with its partner OneWorld airlines). The following is a list of destinations served by SriLankan Airlines, as of May 2017. The list includes the city and country name; the airport codes of the International Air Transport Association (IATA airport code) and the International Civil Aviation Organization (
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Cargolux


Cargolux, legally "Cargolux Airlines International S.A.", is a Luxembourgish cargo airline with its headquarters and hub at Luxembourg Airport. With a global network, it is one of the largest scheduled all-cargo airlines in Europe. Charter flights and third party maintenance are also operated. The airline was established in March 1970 by Luxair, the Salen Shipping Group, Loftleiðir and various private interests in Luxembourg. Einar Olafsson was the airline's first employee and CEO. It started operations in May 1970 with one Canadair CL-44 freighter with services
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Airline hub


airline. However, as an airline expands operations at its primary hub to the point that it experiences capacity limitations, it may elect to open secondary hubs. Examples of such hubs are Turkish Airlines' Istanbul–Sabiha Gökçen hub, British Airways' hub at London-Gatwick, Air India's hub at Mumbai and Lufthansa's hub at Munich. By operating multiple hubs, airlines can expand their geographic reach. They can also better serve spoke–spoke markets, providing more itineraries with connections at different hubs. A given hub
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Airline Deregulation Act


Braniff, Pan Am, Continental, Northwest Airlines, and TWA) and more than 100 smaller airlines went bankrupt or were liquidated—including most of the dozens of new airlines founded in deregulation's aftermath. For the most part, smaller markets did not suffer the erosion of service predicted by some opponents of deregulation. However, until the advent of low-cost carriers, point-to-point air transport declined in favor of a more pronounced hub-and-spoke system. A traveler starting from a non-hub
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Swoop (airline)


, 2018, Swoop officially began selling tickets to the public, announcing John C. Munro Hamilton International Airport as their main hub and Edmonton International Airport as their western hub. In April 2017, WestJet announced that it was planning to launch a new airline to enter the growing ultra low-cost carrier (ULCC) market and compete against NewLeaf (now Flair Airlines). The airline was planned to launch in late 2017, but in August 2017 it was delayed to June 2018 after switching to a lower-cost booking system.
2702038
History of American Airlines


, Texas from New York City in 1979, American Airlines changed to a hub-and-spoke system in 1981, opening its first hub at Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport. American opened a second hub in the new Terminal 3 at Chicago O'Hare in 1982, and began transatlantic service between Dallas and London in May 1982. Led by its new chairman and CEO, Robert Crandall, American expanded its service from these hubs through the 1980s, adding service to other European destinations as well as Japan. In the late 1980s
12617696
Hartsfield–Jackson Atlanta International Airport


, while Southern successor Republic was the airport's third-largest carrier. Eastern was a larger airline than Delta until deregulation in 1978, but Delta was early to adopt the hub and spoke route system, with Atlanta as a hub between the Midwest and Florida, giving it an advantage in the Atlanta market. Eastern ceased operations in 1991 due to labor issues; American Airlines considered establishing an Atlanta hub around that time, but decided Delta was too strong there and instead replaced Eastern's other hub in Miami, leaving Delta with
13225622
Heathrow Airport


operations were disrupted by problems with the terminal's IT systems, coupled with insufficient testing and staff training, which caused over 500 flights to be cancelled. Until March 2012, Terminal 5 was exclusively used by British Airways as its global hub; however, because of the merger, on 25 March Iberia's operations at Heathrow were moved to the terminal, making it the home of International Airlines Group. Built at a cost of £4.3 billion, the terminal consists of a four-story main terminal building (Concourse A)
13330517
Newark Liberty International Airport


were intended to be a short-term solution to Newark's congestion. The FAA has since embarked on a seven-year-long project to reduce congestion in all three New York area airports and the surrounding flight paths. Newark is a major hub for United Airlines (Continental Airlines before the 2010–12 merger). United has its Global Gateway at Terminal C, having completed a major expansion project that included a new, third concourse and a new Federal Inspection Services facility. With its Newark hub, United has the most service
13226116
Air France


Air France (; formally "Société Air France, S.A."), stylized as AIRFRANCE, is the French flag carrier headquartered in Tremblay-en-France. It is a subsidiary of the Air France–KLM Group and a founding member of the SkyTeam global airline alliance. As of 2013 Air France serves 36 destinations in France and operates worldwide scheduled passenger and cargo services to 168 destinations in 78 countries (93 including overseas departments and territories of France) and also carried 46,803,000 passengers in 2015. The airline's global hub is
4737089
Boise Airport


facility. The Boise Airport was fourth in passenger satisfaction in the J.D. Power and Associates 2004 Global Airport Satisfaction Index Study. Power no longer publishes a global listing, and the airport was not listed in the 2017 North American ranking. The Boise Airport was a hub for Horizon Air from the late 1980s to the early 2000s. Horizon Air was acquired by the Alaska Air Group, the parent company of Alaska Airlines, in 1986 and began code sharing flights for Alaska Airlines at that time. During the summer of 1990, Horizon
6004283
Airline deregulation


, it was required that airlines first seek regulatory approval to serve any given route. Thus incumbent airline operators could raise barriers to the challenge of new competition. This system was dismantled as a result of the Airline Deregulation Act. (See also the Centennial of Flight Commission) It also dismantled the notion of a flag carrier. In the wake of deregulation, airlines have adopted new strategies and consumers are experiencing a new market. Below are the marquee effects of deregulation. Airlines quickly moved to a hub-and-spoke system
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Scandinavian Airlines


Scandinavian Airlines, usually known as SAS, is the flag carrier of Sweden, Norway and Denmark, which together form Scandinavia. "SAS" is an abbreviation of the company's full name, Scandinavian Airlines System or legally Scandinavian Airlines System Denmark-Norway-Sweden. Part of the SAS Group and headquartered at the SAS Frösundavik Office Building in Solna, Sweden, the airline operates 169 aircraft to 123 destinations. The airline's main hub is at Copenhagen-Kastrup Airport, with connections to 109 destinations around the world. Stockholm
2590096
KD Avia


Russian cities to destinations in Turkey, Egypt and Europe. The airline was investing into building a new modern passenger terminal in Khrabrovo airport which would be the main transit hub in a hub-and-spoke system of routes, which the airline was planning to introduce on 15 June 2007. In the first stage, up to 13 cities of the Russian Federation would be connected with 13–15 cities of Europe by transit flights via Kaliningrad. The concept of the airline is to connect Russia and other CIS countries with Europe. On 4
20104084
Reno Air


: Los Angeles (LAX), Kansas City (MCI), Minneapolis/St. Paul (MSP), Ontario, CA (ONT), Portland, OR (PDX), San Diego (SAN), San Francisco (SFO) and Seattle (SEA). Following the development of its Reno hub, the airline established a second hub at San Jose International Airport (SJC) in late 1993 by leasing gate space from American Airlines. According to its December 15, 1993 system route map, the airline was
21110811
Flydubai


Service Systems (PSS). IDC will be a hub for software development, research and operations. The key trends for flydubai over recent years are shown below (as at year ending 31 December): As of May 2017, flydubai serves a total of 104 destinations. The airline currently has one hub and operates out of Terminal 2 of Dubai International Airport. However, to accommodate for the growing airline and the expansion of the national airline at DXB, flydubai began to operate flights out of Al-Maktoum International (DWC
8291891
Ron Ball


spent 31 years with BEA, and its successor, British Airways, rising to the position of Captain, and helping to design motivational courses for newly promoted Captains. He was also a union official with the British Airline Pilots' Association. He retired from BA in 2005, but returned to the airline industry as a pilot with Global Supply Systems in 2007, flying Boeing 747 cargo aircraft. Away from this profession he served as a local magistrate and school governor in Warwickshire. He retired from aviation in 2012 to stand as a
10634945
Oslo Airport, Gardermoen


Park Inn, was opened in September 2010. Oslo Airport serves 178 destinations (26 domestic, 152 international). The two main airlines operating Oslo Airport as a hub, are Scandinavian Airlines System (SAS) and Norwegian Air Shuttle. Oslo Airport's functions, along with the other two Scandinavian capital airports, as a hub for SAS, while it is the main hub for Norwegian. Domestically, SAS and Norwegian Air Shuttle both offer flights to fifteen primary airports. In Southern Norway, the Ministry of Transport and Communications subsidizes
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Transport hub


airports function as intra-modular hubs for the airlines, or airline hubs. This is a common strategy among network airlines who fly only from limited number of airports and usually will make their customers change planes at one of their hubs if they want to get between two cities the airline doesn't fly directly between. Airlines have extended the hub-and-spoke model in various ways. One method is to create additional hubs on a regional basis, and to create major routes between the hubs. This reduces the need to
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Air Transport World


newsletter, the ATW Daily News, a print magazine, editor blogs and editorials, the annual World Airline Report, numerous annual industry reports and surveys, and the annual ATW Airline Industry Achievement Awards. The publication tracks and analyzes global airline operations, market conditions, the regulatory and environment developments, government affairs, global alliances, airline ticket distribution, management strategy, financials, airports and routes, aircraft and engines, the supply chain and related issues. Editors select the winners of the annual ATW Airline Industry Achievement Awards based on
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Air New Zealand


The Hub", located from Auckland Airport, in Auckland's Wynyard Quarter. Air New Zealand currently operates a fleet of Airbus A320, Airbus A320neo family, Boeing 777, and Boeing 787 aircraft. Air New Zealand's regional subsidiaries, Air Nelson and Mount Cook Airline, operate additional domestic services using turboprop aircraft. Air New Zealand was awarded Airline of the Year in 2010 and 2012 by the "Air Transport World" Global Airline Awards. In 2014, Air New Zealand was ranked the safest airline in the world by JACDEC
13015817
Alaska Airlines


was being tested in 1999 at Anchorage. This concept, known as "Airport of the Future" by the airline, was first tested in Anchorage and was later brought to its Seattle hub, and it drew attention from other airlines as well. The airline would also become the first airline in the world to integrate GPS and Enhanced Ground Proximity Warning System (EGPWS) technology, adding a real-time, three-dimensional display of terrain. The system was operational in all the carrier's Boeing 737-400s by April
19074722
Air transportation in the United States


the federal government retains jurisdiction over aircraft safety, pilot training, and accident investigations (through the Federal Aviation Administration and the National Transportation Safety Board). The Transportation Security Administration provides security at airports and the federal government provides billions of dollars annually to maintain air transport facilities and manage the country's air traffic control system. Many airlines operate on a "hub and spoke" model. This system gives the predominant airline in a given airport a strong competitive position as it feeds passengers to and from the hub, maximizing the number
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Boeing 747-8


Silk Way West Airlines (5), Atlas Air (3), Qatar Airways Cargo (2), Saudia Cargo (2), Nippon Cargo Airlines (1), and CargoLogicAir (1). Previous operators include Global Supply Systems, a contractor of British Airways. Boeing 747-8I aircraft in special VIP configuration for state leaders have also been ordered. The Qatar Amiri Flight received three VIP Boeing 747-8Is. The State of Kuwait received one VIP 747-8 in 2012. The Royal Flight of Oman
4178642
TransNusa


announced arrangements with TransNusa to supply feeder services from Jakarta via Surabaya providing services to passengers through the Kupang hub connecting to and from destinations including Ende, Sika/Maumere, Bajawa/Ngada, Ampenan/Lombok, Waingapu/East Sumba, Tambolaka/West Sumba, Labuan Bajo and Alor. In December 2009, the charter airline Aviastar took delivery of a second new BAe 146-200 from BAE systems to be operated on behalf of TransNusa in a 98-seat all-economy layout. It was announced that the new aircraft was to
227242
British Caledonian in the 1980s


the UK Government. To counter these negative sentiments, SAS's proposals also included a plan to offer Dan-Air to participate in its merger with BCal by merging its scheduled services division with the new airline combine's scheduled operation, thereby strengthening its position at Gatwick and the airport as a hub. SAS's rationale for launching a counter bid for BCal was the airline's desire not to be left behind in the then widely expected scramble for consolidation in the airline industry by becoming part of one of the four or five global
6852352
Global distribution system


the other hand, some travel professional experts demonstrate that GDS still continue to offer the flexibility and bulk buying capacities for airline consolidators to reach travel agents that individual airline systems are not able to provide customer segments with wider choices. Their argument is, individual airline distribution systems are not designed to interoperate with competitors systems. Lufthansa Group announced in June 2015 that it was imposing an additional charge of €16 when booking through an external Global Distribution System rather than their own systems. They stated their choice was based upon that the costs
6535293
Northwest Airlines


they faced throughout the summer of 2007. Following the Republic merger in 1986, Northwest primarily operated on a hub and spoke route system with hubs in Detroit, Memphis, Minneapolis/St. Paul, and Tokyo. Under the KLM joint venture, started in 1993, the two carriers established an Amsterdam hub where transatlantic routes operated by Northwest linked with European, African and Asian routes operated by KLM. Northwest also operated a few routes outside this hub system, such as flights from the west coast to Honolulu. In the mid-1980s
15615176
Sunworld International Airways


direct service between Reno and Oklahoma City (OKC) and Tulsa (TUL) via Las Vegas. However, by September 1987 Las Vegas had once again become the primary hub for the airline with up to 21 nonstop flight departures a day while Reno had become a secondary hub with up to 12 nonstop flight departures a day. According to the airline's system timetable dated September 14, 1987, Sunworld was serving the following destinations: Besides flights to and from Las Vegas and Reno, the above referenced system timetable also lists point
15230488
Amerijet International


Amerijet International is an American cargo airline headquartered in Miami, Florida, United States. The airline delivers air freight with its fleet of B767-300/200 aircraft from its primary hub at the Miami International Airport to 38 destinations throughout the Caribbean, Mexico, Central and South America. Their global network spans 476 destinations throughout the world, including Europe, Asia, the Americas, Africa, and the Middle East. The airline was established and started operations in 1974. It was founded by David Bassett (Chairman and Chief Executive) and
19199511
Caribair (Puerto Rico)


San Juan hub would be significantly downsized. Subsequently, Executive Airlines, operating as American Eagle from San Juan, discontinued all scheduled passenger service on April 1, 2013 and no longer operates ATR-72 propjets while American Airlines no longer operates a hub at San Juan. In 2002, an airline based in the Dominican Republic, Dominican company Caribair, began to fly using the Caribair name. However, this air carrier is no longer in existence. The following destination information is taken from the Caribair system timetable dated April 1, 1970.
3393992
Eastern Air Lines


Eastern Metro Express was operated by Metro Airlines and was based at Eastern's Atlanta (ATL) hub operating British Aerospace BAe Jetstream 31 and de Havilland Canada DHC-8-100 Dash 8 turboprops. Eastern Partner was operated by a Caribbean-based airline, Leeward Islands Air Transport (LIAT), with turboprop service between Eastern's San Juan hub and Antigua, St. Kitts and St. Maarten. Eastern also worked closely with another Caribbean-based airline, Caribair (Puerto Rico). The June 13, 1967 Eastern system timeable lists connecting
8978038
National Airlines (N8)


shift, causing the aircraft to experience a high-aft center of gravity, becoming unstable and eventually leading to the loss of control by the pilots. On Sep 14th 2015 the NTSB released their final report concluding the probable cause of the crash was: "National Airlines’ inadequate procedures for restraining special cargo loads, which resulted in the loadmaster’s improper restraint of the cargo, which moved aft and damaged hydraulic systems Nos. 1 and 2 and horizontal stabilizer drive mechanism components, rendering the airplane uncontrollable." On October 29
1882018
Fayetteville Regional Airport


Regional Airport is served by Delta Air Lines and Delta Connection carrier ExpressJet, American Eagle carriers Piedmont Airlines and PSA Airlines, American Eagle offers direct flights to Charlotte/Douglas International Airport. Delta and Delta Connection offer direct service to Hartsfield–Jackson Atlanta International Airport. Fayetteville is served by member airlines of Star Alliance, Oneworld, and SkyTeam, the three major global airline alliances, providing access to thousands of destinations worldwide via major hub airports. As per Federal Aviation Administration records, the airport had 202,597 passenger boardings (enplanements)
17385965
Airline reservations system


Airline reservation systems (ARS) are part of the so-called passenger service systems (PSS), which are applications supporting the direct contact with the passenger. ARS eventually evolved into the computer reservations system (CRS). A computer reservation system is used for the reservations of a particular airline and interfaces with a global distribution system (GDS) which supports travel agencies and other distribution channels in making reservations for most major airlines in a single system. Airline reservation systems incorporate airline schedules, fare tariffs, passenger reservations and ticket
13679843
Cologne Bonn Airport


to make competitive offers to the airlines. Consequently, Germanwings and TUIfly started operations from Cologne/Bonn as their hub in the fall of 2002. As a result, the number of passengers in 2003 rose by 43% compared to 2002. These airlines were joined by easyJet in late 2003 and Wizz Air in June 2006. Also, the Canadian Forces began to use the airport as a staging area to move troops and supplies in support of humanitarian missions and possible anti-terrorism roles. In 2006 the Brazilian airline BRA provided
2562337
History of Scandinavian Airlines System (1933–52)


two board members. All employees would work for the consortium, while the aircraft were to be leased from the partners. The head office was to be located in Stockholm. Disagreement existed over which airport should be used as a hub. To have a nationally neutral CEO, Canadian–American Peter Redpaths was selected. There was also agreement that the airline should have a single brand name, and both "Scandinavian Airlines System" and "Scandinavian United Airlines" was suggested. It was also agreed that the consortium should take over
14389655
Jet Airways


2005. Since 2007, Jet Airways has had a scissors hub at Brussels Airport for onward transatlantic connections to North America, which was replaced by Amsterdam Schiphol Airport from 27 March 2016. In 2008, the airline was forced to discontinue international routes because these attracted losses due to global economic downturn; it terminated services to San Francisco and Shanghai. The airline planned to restore the Mumbai–Shanghai route by the end of 2011 but never did so. In 2012, the airline withdrew flights to New York and closed the Delhi–
14658152
Mileage Plan


, are bookable as part of Oneworld Global Explorer fares. The airline partners of Mileage Plan are: Alaska Airlines was a former partner with regional carrier Kenmore Air beginning in 2010. Delta had been a mileage partner from 2004 until 2017, after it established Seattle as a hub city. Alaska Airlines was also a former mileage partner with other SkyTeam members, including Aeromexico, from 2013 until 2017, and Air France and KLM, from 2007 until 2018. Mileage Plan's elite tiers for frequent travelers are MVP, MVP Gold and
5459460
Emirates business model


i.e. Air France–KLM, Lufthansa, British Airways, Air Canada, Delta Airlines, American Airlines, Qantas and Air New Zealand, perceive Emirates' strategic decision to reposition itself as a global carrier as a major threat because it allows air travellers to bypass traditional airline hubs such as London–Heathrow, Paris–Charles-de-Gaulle, Frankfurt and Amsterdam Schiphol on their way between Europe/North America and Asia/Australia by changing flights at Dubai instead. Some of these carriers, notably Air France, Delta,
6339542
Spoke–hub distribution paradigm


trip between departure and destination points. The time spent at the hub increases the duration of the journey. Moreover, the importance of the hub operating efficiently means that delays can have more troublesome consequences, such as missing a connecting bus, flight, or train. In 1955, Delta Air Lines pioneered the hub and spoke system at its hub in Atlanta, Georgia, in an effort to compete with Eastern Air Lines. In the mid-1970s FedEx adopted the hub and spoke model for overnight package delivery. After the airline industry was
3213880
List of Southwest Airlines destinations


, Southwest Airlines has scheduled flights to 101 destinations in 41 states, Puerto Rico, Mexico, Central America and the Caribbean, the newest being Kailua-Kona, Hawaii on May 12, 2019. The airline has 15 focus cities and operates over 4,000 flights each day. Southwest does not use the "hub and spoke" system of other major airlines, preferring instead the "point-to-point" system with focus cities. It has large operations in certain airports. An average of 80 percent of Southwest passengers are
12645475
Western Pacific Airlines


whereas Stapleton had once been a hub for airlines like the original Frontier Airlines (1950-1986) and Western Airlines. Effort was made to explore using a secondary airport as an airline's hub, taking Continental's place without incurring the high landing fees of Denver International Airport. Centennial Airport in Denver, Jeffco Airport in Broomfield and Colorado Springs Airport were considered, though Colorado Springs had been chosen as the hub for Western Pacific when the airline began. While Western Pacific's Colorado Springs hub had initially been successful and was beginning
8353031
Global supply chain governance


products and services from producers to consumers. Through increased globalization and international codependency, this process is expanding. This has led to the idea that there should be governing system in place to help guide these global supply chains to perform more efficiently. There is not always a distinction made between supply-chain management and global supply-chain governance though they are fundamentally different. Supply-chain management (SCM) is the actions taken to manage the system from within. It deals with the flow of materials through the global supply chain
9732270
Air Florida Commuter


Air Florida Commuter was the regional feeder network for Air Florida. Air Florida Commuter was not an airline, but a system of affiliated commuter carriers that fed traffic into Air Florida's hubs. In an arrangement commonly known as code-sharing, each airline painted their aircraft in Air Florida aircraft livery and colors and their flights were listed in computer reservation systems as Air Florida flights. Air Miami became the first affiliate in 1980, and over a dozen other airlines became part of the system, including: Marco Island Airways, Florida
18907873
Malaysia Airlines


Malaysia Airlines Berhad (MAB) (), formerly known as Malaysian Airline System (MAS) (), branded as Malaysia Airlines, is an airline operating flights from Kuala Lumpur International Airport and from secondary hubs in Kota Kinabalu and Kuching to destinations throughout Asia, Oceania and Europe. Malaysia Airlines is the flag carrier of Malaysia and a member of the oneworld airline alliance. The company headquarters are located at Kuala Lumpur International Airport. In August 2014, the Malaysian government's sovereign wealth fund Khazanah Nasional—which then owned 69.37
19807990
China Southern Airlines


the airline started marketing its services connecting Europe and Australia as the "Canton Route", an alternative to the Kangaroo Route flown by carriers such as Qantas. It hoped to attract the predominantly business traffic that travel between Europe and Australia, and channel such sixth-freedom traffic as well as traffic from mainland China through its Guangzhou hub (thereby transforming the carrier's network from one that emphasises point-to-point to a hub-and-spoke system). The carrier by now had added cities such as Auckland,
10945921
Airline hub


make connections en route to their final destination, which increases travel time. Additionally, airlines can come to monopolise their hubs (fortress hubs), allowing them to freely increase fares as passengers have no alternative. Airlines may operate banks of flights at their hubs, in which several flights arrive and depart within short periods of time. The banks may be known as "peaks" of activity at the hubs and the non-banks as "valleys". Banking allows for short connection times for passengers. However, an airline
15530808
Kam Air


Kam Air is an airline headquartered in Kabul, Afghanistan. It operates scheduled domestic passenger services and regional international services. Kabul International Airport serves as its main hub. The airline was founded on 31 August 2003 by Zmarai Kamgar. It was the first privately owned passenger airline in Afghanistan. Its first flight took off on 8 November 2003 on a route from Kabul to Herat and Mazari Sharif, using a Boeing 727. Kam Air's first plane was provided by General Abdul Rashid Dostum as payment for supplying Dostum's private militia with
6935188
Air Force Global Logistics Support Center


The Air Force Global Logistics Support Center (AFGLSC) served as the hub for supply chain management for the U.S. Air Force. It was stood down in 2012 as part of Air Force Materiel Command restructuring. The AFGLSC consists of three subordinate units. The 448th Supply Chain Management Wing is based at Tinker Air Force Base and conducts planning and execution of logistics operations. The 635th Supply Chain Operations Wing is co-located at Scott Air Force Base and supports movement and combat operations. The 591st Supply Chain Management Group conducts strategic planning
4505912
Airline hub


is still deemed as a focus city. A fortress hub exists when an airline controls a significant majority of the market at one of its hubs. Competition is particularly difficult at fortress hubs. Examples include Delta hubs at Atlanta, Salt Lake City, Detroit, and Minneapolis–Saint Paul; American Airlines hubs at Charlotte, Dallas–Fort Worth, Washington-National, and Philadelphia; and United hubs at Denver, San Francisco, Houston–Intercontinental, Newark, and Washington–Dulles. Flag carriers have historically enjoyed similar dominance
15530812
Seattle


Forbes" ranked Seattle as the most expensive American city for buying a house based on the local income levels. In 2013, however, the magazine ranked Seattle No. 9 on its list of the Best Places for Business and Careers. Operating a hub at Seattle–Tacoma International Airport, Alaska Airlines maintains its headquarters in the city of SeaTac, next to the airport. Seattle is a hub for global health with the headquarters of the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, PATH, Infectious Disease Research Institute, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research
529856
Skybus Airlines


lagging economy and rising fuel costs as causes. Taking advantage of America West Airlines pulling down its Columbus, Ohio, hub, its founder, John Weikle, started raising capital to start the airline in that city. Two years later, the Skybus board hired Bill Diffenderffer as its CEO. Diffenderffer's prior airline experience was as in-house counsel for Eastern Airlines and CEO of Continental Airlines System One Reservations. At the time Skybus began operations it was the most heavily capitalized (funded) airline in US history. Its founder
15826231
Videcom international


Videcom International Limited is a United Kingdom travel technology company based in Henley-on-Thames. It designs, develops and provides modern computer reservations systems to airlines and the travel industry, specializing in the hosting and distribution of airline sales. The system is connected to the Global Distribution Systems of Sabre, Amadeus, Galileo, Worldspan and Abacus, which travel agents use to make airline bookings, and is also connected to other airline systems for interline bookings. The IATA airline designator for Videcom is U1. Founded in 1972, the
2880037
Research Triangle


, Paris and London. In 1996, American Airlines ceased its hub operations at RDU due to Pan Am and Eastern Airlines. Pan Am and Eastern were Miami's main tenants until 1991, when both carriers went bankrupt. Their hubs at MIA were taken over by United Airlines and American Airlines. This created a difficulty in competing with US Airways' hub in Charlotte and Delta Air Lines' hub in Atlanta, Georgia for passengers traveling between smaller cities in the North and South. Midway Airlines entered the market, starting service in
19271873
Singapore Airlines Cargo


-of-the-art racing equipment for several global sporting events and to transport concert equipment for several high-profile artists. As of 31 March 2018, Singapore Airlines Cargo offers dedicated freighter services to 19 cities in 13 countries and territories, including Singapore. Singapore Airlines Cargo (SIA Cargo) offers more than 900 flights a week from its hub at Changi Airport, linking more than 70 cities in over 30 countries across 6 continents with its fleet of dedicated Boeing 747-400 freighters and passenger aircraft in the SIA Group
14349723
Global distribution system


itself. A GDS system will have real-time link to the vendor's database. For example, when a travel agency requests a reservation on the service of a particular airline company, the GDS system routes the request to the appropriate airline's computer reservations system. A mirror image of the passenger name record (PNR) in the airline reservations system is maintained in the GDS system. If a passenger books an itinerary containing air segments of multiple airlines through a travel agency, the passenger name record in the GDS system would
6535287
Michael Kumhof


Michael Kumhof (born 15 October 1962) is a German researcher and economist. He is the senior research advisor in the Bank of England's research hub. He is most known for his research into the financial system, income inequalities and the oil supply. In his previous work at the IMF, he was responsible for developing the International Monetary Fund’s Global Integrated Monetary and Fiscal Model (a Dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model). The model is used for IMF policy and scenario analyses in multilateral and bilateral surveillance, for the
278611
Ural Airlines


main hubs of Ural Airlines are Moscow-Domodedovo and Yekaterinburg. In plans of Ural Airlines is to increase its number of hubs, by developing hubs at Moscow-Sheremetyevo and Moscow-Zhukovsky. A million passengers per year was first achieved in 2006. Since then, the airline and its passenger numbers have both grown. In 2013, the airline transported 4.419 million passengers, the sixth most in Russia that year. Passengers transported from 2007-2016: Ural Airlines has codeshare agreements with the following airlines: As of October 2018
21136712
United Express


and as the hub system became more pronounced, airlines formalized these relationships through code sharing, shared branding, and listing regional partners in computer reservations systems. On May 1, 1985, United formally partnered with Air Wisconsin, Aspen Airways, and WestAir as United Express, feeding its hubs at Chicago-O'Hare, Denver-Stapleton, and San Francisco International Airports. Air Wisconsin and Aspen would merge in 1991. In 1988, Presidential Airways became a United Express carrier for United's new hub at Washington Dulles International Airport, but
20080009
Global supply chain governance


or exploited by the global supply chain. In the global supply-chain decision making is primarily profit driven. The strategies promoted by the World Social help to mitigate possible exploitation and ensure that corporations are implementing ethical as well as profitable governance strategies. The global supply chain is a complex and intricate system where goods are produced and distributed internationally. It is a system made up of a wide variety of actors and the interactions and cooperation of these actors determines the efficiency and effectiveness of this system. The ideology behind creating governance strategies
9732279
Bag tag


1980s by Eastern Air Lines at their Miami International Airport hub. Other airlines soon followed with their own systems, including United Air Lines, TWA, Delta, and American Airlines. None of these systems were interchangeable. In some systems, the bar code was used to represent a three-letter destination airport code, and in others it was a two-digit sorting symbol instructing the system at which pier to deliver the bag. As a result of the bombing of Air India Flight 182 on June 23, 1985, the
4333472
Emirates (airline)


. This is available in all classes and is applicable to all fare types. The established network carriers in Europe and Australia, i.e. Air France-KLM, British Airways, Lufthansa, and Qantas, perceive Emirates' strategic decision to reposition itself as a global carrier as a major threat because it enables air travellers to bypass traditional airline hubs such as London-Heathrow, Paris-CDG, and Frankfurt on their way between Europe/North America and Asia/Australia by changing flights in Dubai instead. These carriers also find it
13421193
Lufthansa Cargo


as a joint venture between Lufthansa and DHL, which henceforth caters for the DHL flights, allowing Lufthansa Cargo to concentrate on other services. In 2000, Lufthansa Cargo was a founding member of the WOW Alliance, a global cargo airline alliance, but left in 2007 as it did not see any benefits for the future. Lufthansa Cargo used to operate a hub for intra-Asian flights at Astana International Airport in Kazakhstan, but was forced to relocate it to Yemelyanovo Airport in Russia in 2007, because otherwise the airline would have
9742260
Sichuan Airlines


Sichuan Airlines Co., Ltd. Group became the major shareholder (40%). The other shareholders are China Southern Airlines (39%), China Eastern Airlines (10%), Air China Group (10%) and Chengdu Gingko Restaurant Co. (1%). Sichuan Airlines' corporate headquarters is located in its hub Chengdu Shuangliu International Airport in Chengdu, Sichuan and its secondary hubs are at Chongqing Jiangbei International Airport and Kunming Changshui International Airport. Sichuan Airlines owns Chengdu Airlines as its subsidiary, which also has its hub
20104171
Internet booking engine


Apollo by United Airlines and PARS by Trans World Airlines. Eventually these were replaced by complex computer reservations systems (CRSs). Originally operated by airlines, CRSs were later extended for the use of travel agents who could query the systems and make reservations themselves. In the early 1980s CRSs were extended with more features and the new systems were able to book and sell tickets for multiple airlines where the earlier CRSs could handle only one. These newly developed systems were called global distribution systems (GDS). Eventually airlines divested their direct
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