Woolworth Building [SEP] architect
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Woolworth Building


a rectangular lot, had been acquired by April 15, 1910, at a total cost of $1.65 million. Woolworth commissioned Cass Gilbert to design the new building. There are few print documents that indicate early correspondence between Woolworth and Gilbert, and news articles as late as March 1910 mentioned that no architect had been chosen. Gilbert later mentioned that he had received the commission for the Woolworth Building after getting a phone call from Woolworth one day. The architect had recently finished designing the nearby Broadway–Chambers Building and 90 West
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Woolworth Building


subsequently converted into residences. The remainder of the building remains in use by office and commercial tenants. The Woolworth Building has been a National Historic Landmark since 1966, and a New York City designated landmark since 1983. The Woolworth Building was designed in the neo-Gothic style by the architect Cass Gilbert. Originally designed to be high, the building was eventually elevated to . When completed in 1913, the Woolworth Building was 60 stories tall. The tower only had 53 usable floors, and it was topped by several mechanical floors
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Woolworth Building


The Woolworth Building is an early American skyscraper located at 233 Broadway in Manhattan, New York City. Designed by architect Cass Gilbert, it was the tallest building in the world from 1913 to 1930, with a height of . More than a century after its construction, it remains one of the 100 tallest buildings in the United States as well as one of the 30 tallest buildings in New York City. Located in Manhattan's Tribeca neighborhood, the Woolworth Building is bounded by Broadway to its east, Park Place to its north
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F. W. Woolworth Company


theater. The theater was a huge hit in town, and soon became the city's social center. This project was something of a dress rehearsal for his next venture. In 1910, Frank Woolworth commissioned the design and construction of the Woolworth Building in New York City. A pioneering early skyscraper, it was designed by American architect Cass Gilbert, a graduate of the MIT architecture school. The building was paid for entirely in cash. It was completed in 1913 and was the tallest building in the world until 1930. It
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Woolworth Building


4.5 million. In a "New York Times" article two days later, Woolworth said that his building would rise to its tip. In order to fit the correct architectural proportions, Gilbert redesigned the building to its current height. Renderings by illustrator Hughson Hawley, completed in April 1911, are the first official materials that reflect this final height. Gilbert had to reconcile both Woolworth's and Pierson's strict requirements for the design of the structure. The architect's notes describe late-night conversations that he had with both men
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Cass Gilbert


. Gilbert's drawings and correspondence are preserved at the New-York Historical Society, the Minnesota Historical Society, the University of Minnesota, and the Library of Congress. Cass Gilbert is often confused with Charles Pierrepont Henry Gilbert, another prominent architect of the time. Cass Gilbert designed the famous Woolworth Building skyscraper on Broadway for Frank W. Woolworth, while Woolworth's personal mansion was designed by C. P. H. Gilbert. The Ukrainian Institute building on Manhattan's 5th Avenue is the work of C. P. H. Gilbert, and often incorrectly attributed
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Woolworth Estate


Woolworth Estate is a historic estate located at Glen Cove in Nassau County, New York. It was designed in 1916 by architect C. P. H. Gilbert (1861–1952) for Frank Winfield Woolworth (1852–1919). The estate consists of the main residence, known as Winfield Hall; a large garage with remodeled living quarters; a main entrance arch; two greenhouses; and various landscape features including a tea house. When his current home was destroyed by a mysterious fire, Woolworth immediately went to work on building Winfield Hall, the plans
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Woolworth Building


New York City Police Department pension fund signed a lease for on the 19th and 25th floors in April 2002. Starbucks opened a location on the ground floor in the spring of 2003. In 2006, Levitz Furniture moved its headquarters to the 23rd floor of the building from Woodbury, Long Island after declaring bankruptcy a second time. The design firm Control Group Inc. also leased a whole floor of the Woolworth Building in 2006. In May 2013, SHoP Architects moved the company's headquarters to the building's entire 11th floor, occupying
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Woolworth Building


. The current design of the lobby, with its arcade, reflected these conflicting pressures. Sometimes, Gilbert also faced practical conundrums, such as Woolworth's requirement that there be "many windows so divided that all of the offices should be well lighted", and so that tenants could erect partitions to fit their needs. Gilbert wrote that this "naturally prevented any broad wall space". Woolworth and Gilbert sometimes clashed during the design process, especially because of the constantly changing designs and the architect's fees. Gilbert nevertheless commended
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Chrysler Building


's height officially surpassed the Woolworth's on October 16, 1929, thereby becoming the world's tallest structure. The same year that the Chrysler Building's construction started, banker George L. Ohrstrom proposed the construction of a 47-story office building at 40 Wall Street downtown. Shortly thereafter Ohrstrom modified his project to have 60 floors, but it was still below Woolworth and the 808-foot Chrysler Building project as announced in 1928. H. Craig Severance, Van Alen's former partner and the architect of 40 Wall Street, increased 40 Wall's height
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Sep Ruf


Sep Ruf (full name Franz Joseph Ruf; 9 March 1908, in Munich – 29 July 1982, in Munich) was a German architect and designer, belonging to the Bauhaus group. He was one of the representatives of modern architecture in Germany after World War II. His elegant buildings received high credits in Germany and Europe and his German pavilion of the Expo 58 in Brussels, built together with Egon Eiermann, achieved worldwide recognition. He attended the Interbau 1957 in Berlin-Hansaviertel and was one of the three architects who
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Architecture of the United States


significant early skyscraper was New York City's Woolworth Building designed by architect Cass Gilbert, 1913. Raising previous technological advances to new heights, 793 ft (233 m), it was the world's tallest building until 1930. Frank Woolworth was fond of gothic cathedrals. Cass Gilbert constructed the office building as a cathedral of commerce and incorporated many Gothic revival decorative elements. The main entrance and lobby contain numerous allegories of thrift, including an acorn growing into an oak tree and a man losing his shirt. The popularity of the
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F. W. Woolworth Building (Wilmington, Delaware)


BPG Property Group in 2008 who now leases the location back to Walgreens. Designed by company architect H. W. Stakes, the art deco building uses steel frame construction with a masonry curtain wall. The facade on the 2nd and 3rd stories displays alternating peach and cream vertical stripes of terra cotta tile with lotus motifs. The building has a grey medallion with a raised "W" on the chamfered corner on 9th and Market. When a Woolworth's store, the interior had two sales floors, the current ground floor and the bargain
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Woolworth Building


and the coffered ceiling from F.W. Woolworth's personal 40th floor office was relocated to the entryway. The building's new interiors were designed by Thierry Despont and Eve Robinson with Miele appliances and custom cabinetry. Each unit also received space in a wine cellar, along with access to the restored private pool in the basement. The 29th floor was converted to an amenity floor named the "Gilbert Lounge" after the structure's architect, while the 30th floor hosts a fitness facility. In August 2014, the New York Attorney General's
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Buntings (department store)


completed on a new store on the corner of St Stephens Street and Rampant Horse Street, which was designed by architect A.F.Scott. The store had four floors. In 1926 Buntings were advertising as "The Store for All", and had an orchestral trio playing between 12pm and 6pm. In 1942, German bombs hit the buildings of Buntings, Curl Brothers and Woolworths. The Woolworths and Curl Brothers buildings were completely destroyed, however Buntings was patched up and used as a NAAFI Service club. Buntings, like many businesses
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Early skyscrapers


more modern additions of huge clock faces, electric floodlights for night-time illumination, and an observation deck at the top. Contemporary architects Everett Waid and Harvey Corbett described how the building had "the latest ideas in ventilation, air conditioning, sound deadening, artificial lighting, intercommunicating pneumatic tubes, telephones, call bells, unit operating clock systems [and] special elevator and escalator installations". The design won critical acclaim within the American architectural profession. The construction of the Woolworth Building was announced in 1910 by Frank Woolworth,
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Sep Ruf


1593 to 1596. In the 17th century it was called the Herzog-Max-Burg. After it was destroyed in World War II., only the renaissance-tower was still standing. The city asked some architects to find ideas for the place and allowed to destroy the old tower. Only Ruf and Theo Papst were the two architects, who wanted to save it. So both got the order to build the New Maxburg. The steel skeleton building followed the structure of the tower and in the middle of the buildings
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F. W. Woolworth Building (Watertown, New York)


in 1879. The Smith and Moore store later became a member of the Woolworth chain. In 1916, Woolworth purchased the American Building in Watertown, which housed the store in which he began his career. Woolworth planned to demolish this structure, and build a grander building in its place. Woolworth's death in 1919 initially halted these plans, but the Woolworth Corporation eventually decided to go ahead with his plans, and the new six story Woolworth Building opened its doors in 1921. Woolworth's Department Store occupied the building until 1971
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Cass Gilbert


president of the American Institute of Architects in 1908–09. Gilbert was a conservative who believed architecture should reflect historic traditions and the established social order. His design of the new Supreme Court building (1935), with its classical lines and small size, contrasted sharply with the large federal buildings going up along the National Mall in Washington, D.C., which he disliked. Heilbrun says "Gilbert's pioneering buildings injected vitality into skyscraper design, and his 'Gothic skyscraper,' epitomized by the Woolworth Building, profoundly influenced architects during the
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National McKinley Birthplace Memorial


whom were large contributors to the Memorial's fund. Upon publication of the Association's announcement, a competition commenced within the American Institute of Architects. Edgerton Swartout (who was once an architect at McKim, Mead and White), Charles A. Platt (American landscape architect), and Edward Brodhead Green (Albright-Knox Art Gallery)served as judges for the competition, which comprised entries from Cass Gilbert (architect of the Woolworth Building), Henry Bacon (designer of the Lincoln Memorial), Harold Van Buren Magonigle (architect of
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Kay Johnson


Catherine Townsend Johnson (November 29, 1904 – November 17, 1975) was an American stage and film actress. Johnson was born in Mount Vernon, New York. Her father was architect Thomas R. Johnson, who worked in the firm of Cass Gilbert, the architect of several noteworthy buildings in New York City, including the Woolworth Building, the New York Customs House, and many library buildings. When she was a junior, she dropped out of Grew Seminary to study at the American Academy of Dramatic Arts. Her professional
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Woolworth Building


City Landmarks Preservation Commission considered giving the Woolworth Building official city-landmark status in 1970. The F. W. Woolworth Company called the landmark law as a whole "onerous" since it would restrict the company from making modifications to many aspects of the building. The commission ultimately declined to give the Woolworth Building a designated-landmark status because of the F. W. Woolworth Company's opposition to such a measure, as well as the increased costs and scrutiny. The F. W. Woolworth Company commissioned an appraisal of the building's facade in 1975
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Sep Ruf


1936-1938 he was ordered to build parts of the Werdenfels and the Kemmel barracks in Murnau, after the war they were used by the US army and German troops. As soon as possible he went back to the building of private houses. In 1939 Ruf had to go to war. From 1940 to 1942 he was allowed to stay at home because he worked as an independent architect with the family of Hugo Junkers. From 1934 to 1936, one year before his death, Junkers had allowed the 26-year-old architect
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Lange Powell


sorts, based on Renaissance detailing in a more simplified form. One common criticism Powell received was that he was not always faithful to architecture, and he had an intention to commercialise it. He also believed that women would make great architects, and between 1934 and 1935 Powell’s daughter (Joan Powell) worked for him and was under his apprenticeship. Powell branded himself as “designer of public buildings” rather than as a domestic architect. He was the architect for Woolworths, Coles, the National Bank of Australasia, the
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F. W. Woolworth Building (Watertown, New York)


The Woolworth Building is an historic building in Watertown, New York. It is a contributing building in the Public Square Historic District. Plans for the Woolworth Building were begun in 1916 by Frank W. Woolworth, the founder of the Woolworth's chain of department stores. Woolworth began his retail career at the Smith and Moore Dry Goods Store in Watertown in 1873. It was during his time here that he was given the idea of selling fixed price merchandise, which led him to create his successful chain of five and dime department stores
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Bennett Building (Council Bluffs, Iowa)


The Bennett Building, also known as the Ervin Building is an historic building located in downtown Council Bluffs, Iowa, United States. The previous building to occupy this property was a Woolworth's that was destroyed in a fire in 1922. The Bennett Building Corporation was formed in 1923 to build an office building that was designed to attract medical professionals. The seven-story, brick, Early Commercial structure was designed by local architectural firm Jensen and Larson, and the Omaha firm of McDonald and McDonald served as the supervising architects.
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Sep Ruf


design and build the government buildings of the new capital city of the western part of Germany, Bonn. Every architect got his own part to realize. For example, the new upper house of the German parliament, the tower building of the delegates, the privat- and representative house of the chancellor of the Federal Republic. In 1963 and 1964 Ruf built the house for the chancellor. It was to be a house to live in and also to be a representative building to welcome guests of state. In a park beside the
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Woolworth Building


Street, and Woolworth admired the architecture of the latter. Woolworth also wanted his new structure to be of similar design to the Palace of Westminster in London, which was designed in the Gothic style. Gilbert was originally retained to design a standard 12- to 16-story commercial building for Woolworth. This plan initially suited Woolworth; he later said that he originally "had no desire to erect a monument that would cause posterity to remember me". However, Woolworth then desired to surpass the nearby New York World Building, which sat on
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Spalding Building


The Spalding Building, formerly the Oregon Bank Building, is a historic office building in downtown Portland, Oregon, United States on the northwest corner of SW 3rd Avenue and Washington streets. Since 1982, it has been on the National Register of Historic Places. Architect Cass Gilbert worked on the American Renaissance-style Spalding building while also working on the Woolworth Building in New York City. Completed in 1911, it was considered a skyscraper. The building contains 12 above-ground floors, and its construction mimics a classical column:
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Guardian Building


149 m), and the spire reaches 632 ft (192.6 m). Its nickname, "Cathedral of Finance", alludes both to the building's resemblance to a cathedral, with its tower over the main entrance and octagonal apse at the opposite end and to New York City's Woolworth Building, which had earlier been dubbed the "Cathedral of Commerce." Native American themes are common inside and outside the building. Wirt C. Rowland, of the Smith, Hinchman & Grylls firm, was the building's architect.
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Woolworth Building


"light, graceful, delicate and flame-like". When the Woolworth Building was being erected, Gilbert considered several proposals for exterior lighting to emphasize the structure's form and size. These included placing four powerful searchlights atop nearby buildings and a constantly rotating lamp at the apex of the Woolworth Building's roof. Ultimately, the builders decided to erect nitrogen lamps and reflectors above the 31st floor, and having the intensity of the lighting increase with height. At the time of construction, the Woolworth Building had over 2,000 offices
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90 West Street


90 West Street (alternatively West Street Building) is a building in Lower Manhattan, New York City. It was designed by architect Cass Gilbert and structural engineer Gunvald Aus for the West Street Improvement Corporation. When completed in 1907, the building's Gothic styling and ornamentation served to emphasize its 23-story height, and foreshadowed Gilbert's later work on the Woolworth Building. Originally built as an office building, the main tenant was the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad and the top floor was occupied by Garret's Restaurant, which advertised
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Woolworth Building


Pierson agreed to move the combined banks' headquarters to a new building he was planning as F. W. Woolworth Company's headquarters. Having received commitment from the banks, Woolworth acquired a corner site on Broadway and Park Place in Lower Manhattan, opposite City Hall. The entrepreneur briefly considered purchasing a plot at West Broadway and Reade Street, a few blocks north of the Woolworth Building's current site, but decided against it due to the prestige that a Broadway address provided. Woolworth and Irving National Exchange Bank then set up the Broadway
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Woolworth Building


5 million, while investors provided the remainder, and financing was completed by August 1911. By May 1914, Woolworth had purchased all of the Broadway-Park Place Company's shares from the Irving National Exchange Bank. However, though Woolworth owned the building, his company did not. The building was declared ready for occupancy on May 1, 1913 and Woolworth began advertising the offices for rent beginning at $4.00 per square foot. In order to attract tenants, Woolworth hired architecture critic Montgomery Schuyler to write a 56-page brochure outlining
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Robert Seppings


Sir Robert Seppings, FRS (11 December 176725 April 1840) was an English naval architect. Seppings was born to Robert and Lydia Seppings at Fakenham, Norfolk, on 11 December 1767 and baptised three days later. In 1782 he was apprenticed in HMNB Devonport, Plymouth. In 1800, when he had risen to be master shipwright assistant in the yard, he invented a device which greatly reduced the time required to repair the lower portions of ships in dry dock when compared with the laborious process of lifting then in vogue.
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Gunvald Aus


at Yale University, the Minnesota State Capitol in St. Paul and the Library building at Northwestern University. Together with his chief assistant, Kort Berle, he later was involved in the construction of the Woolworth Building. Gunvald Aus Company designed the steel frame, supported on massive caissons that penetrate to the bedrock. During 1914, he did the structural engineering for the construction of the Austin, Nichols & Company Warehouse in Brooklyn, a building significant for its architecture and engineering. It was one of many collaborations with architect Cass Gilbert and
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Woolworth Building


-third-scale replica of the Woolworth Building. Frank Woolworth, an entrepreneur who had become successful because of his "Five-and-Dimes" (5- and 10-cent stores), began planning a new headquarters for the F. W. Woolworth Company in 1910. Around the same time, Woolworth's friend Lewis Pierson was having difficulty getting shareholder approval for the merger of his Irving National Bank and the rival New York Exchange Bank. Woolworth offered to acquire shares in New York Exchange Bank and vote in favor of the merger if
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Woolworth Building


24, 1913. The Woolworth Building underwent several changes throughout its history. The facade was cleaned in 1932, and the building received an extensive renovation between 1977 and 1981. Though the Irving National Exchange Bank moved its headquarters to 1 Wall Street in 1931, the Woolworth Company (later Venator Group) continued to own the Woolworth Building for most of the 20th century. The structure was sold to the Witkoff Group in 1998. The top thirty floors, formerly used as office space, were sold to a developer in 2012 and
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Consulate General of the United States, Munich


the third largest U.S. diplomatic post in Germany after Berlin and Frankfort. The consulate is located in a custom-built office building, the last of the signature modernist U.S. Consulates built in Germany in the 1950s still in service. The work of renowned Bavarian architect Sep Ruf, the building is considered a historic monument. As the main building from 1958 is raised on concrete stilts, the original look was airy and light. Security measures, added several times since the 1970s and fortifications build around the site after 9/11 inhibit this effect
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19–21 Sankey Street, Warrington


19–21 Sankey Street is a shop in Warrington, Cheshire, England. It is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade II listed building. The building was designed by the Chester architect John Douglas and was one of his earliest works. It was constructed in 1864 as the showrooms for the furniture makers Robert Garnett and Sons, whose factory was directly behind the shop. The original shop front has been replaced by one of more modern design. In 1999 the building was occupied by a Woolworth's shop.
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Glazed architectural terra-cotta


and Beaux-Arts architecture. The material, also known in Great Britain as faience and sometimes referred to as "architectural ceramics", was closely associated with the work of Cass Gilbert, Louis Sullivan, and Daniel H. Burnham, among other architects. Buildings incorporating glazed terra-cotta include the Woolworth Building in New York City and the Wrigley Building in Chicago. Glazed architectural terra-cotta offered a modular, varied and relatively inexpensive approach to wall and floor construction. It was particularly adaptable to vigorous and rich ornamental detailing.
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Thomas Edison State University


1730s, Petty's Run powered a plating mill, and by midcentury drove a steel furnace. Built in 1911 by A. Henry Cooper Kelsey, the Kelsey Building is one of the architectural landmarks of the city. It housed three other schools before serving as the headquarters for Thomas Edison State University. The architecture of the Kelsey Building is modeled after a Florentine palace, the Palazzo Strozzi. The main structure was designed in 1910 by world-renowned architect Cass Gilbert (designer of New York City's Woolworth Building). In 2011
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Woolworth Building


intended for F. W. Woolworth, exists in the basement. The pool was proposed as early as 1910. The pool, measuring , was later drained. It was restored in the mid-2010s as part of the conversion of the Woolworth Building's upper floors into residential units. The Woolworth Building contains a system of high-speed elevators capable of traveling per minute. The Otis Elevator Company supplied the units, which were innovative in that there were "express" elevators, stopping only at certain floors, and "local" elevators,
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Tall: The American Skyscraper and Louis Sullivan


Sullivan proteges George Grant Elmslie and William Gray Purcell; William Le Baron Jenney, designer of the Home Insurance Building, which generally gets credit for its steel-skeleton innovation; John Wellborn Root, Burnham's partner until Root's early death; Holabird & Roche; and later some of the entrants to the Chicago Tribune Tower design competition. The film gives New York architects and several of their "post-Sullivan" buildings mixed coverage. There is some praise for Burnham's Flatiron Building and Cass Gilbert's Woolworth Building, but
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Frank Winfield Woolworth


merchandise priced at ten cents. In 1911, the F.W. Woolworth Company was incorporated with 586 stores. In 1913, Woolworth built the Woolworth Building in New York City at a cost of $13.5 million in cash. At the time, it was the tallest building in the world, measuring 792 feet, or 241.4 meters. Woolworth often made unannounced visits to his stores, where he would shoplift items to test the staff's attentiveness. Managers or clerks who caught him doing so were sometimes rewarded with promotions. On June 11
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F. W. Woolworth Company Store (Renton, Washington)


The F. W. Woolworth Company Store Renton is a commercial building in Renton, Washington. Built in 1954, it was listed in the National Register of Historic Places in 2015 for its direct association with growth and development of downtown Renton, and for its connection to the national five-and dime chain store, F.W. Woolworth Company. The building is now a Western Wear store. The Woolworth Company was one of the original pioneers of the five-and-dime store. The Woolworth Store in Renton was the first store in the
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Ridgefield Playhouse


The Ridgefield Playhouse is a theater located in Ridgefield, Connecticut with a capacity of 500. It hosts a variety of entertainment events such as the showing of films, plays or musical performances. The Ridgefield Playhouse was opened in December 2000 with a performance by guitarist Jose Feliciano. It was remodeled from the old Ridgefield High School's auditorium which was designed in the 1940s by Cass Gilbert Jr. He was the son of Cass Gilbert, architect of Supreme Court Building and the Woolworth Building. When it was still the auditorium in the old
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Woolworths Group (Australia)


with fuel by Caltex and with groceries by Woolworths, and accept Woolworths cards and discount dockets. In 1999, Woolworths began a joint venture with the Commonwealth Bank called Woolworths Ezy Banking, but was scaled back by 2006. In 2005, the company reached an agreement with the ANZ Banking Group to install ATMs at Woolworths, Big W and Caltex Woolworths locations. Additionally, by 2008, it had invested in financial services infrastructure and expertise, building a team of 50 staff for this purpose. In 1997, Woolworths opened its first
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Woolworth Building


Woolworth's devotion to the details and beauty of the building's design, as well as the entrepreneur's enthusiasm for the project. Before beginning construction, Woolworth hired New York photographer Irving Underhill to document the construction of the building. These photographs were distributed to Woolworth's stores nationwide to generate enthusiasm for the project. In September 1910, wrecking crews demolished the five and six-story structures which previously occupied the site. Construction officially began on November 4, 1910 with excavation by The Foundation Company, using a contract negotiated personally
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Willingboro Public Library


‘70s. Current library director Christine H. King took her position in 1997 and oversaw the development and construction of a new, state-of-the-art library that opened in October 2003. Named an American Institute of Architects Top Ten Green Project, the new library building is a 70% new construction, 30% renovation of the 1959 Woolworth's building on Route 130. The library has also won a Green Building Award from the Pennsylvania Environmental Council and a Pennsylvania Horticultural Society Greening Community Award. The new library features
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Prudential Headquarters


the current headquarters. The proposed 45-story Prudential Tower would have been one of the tallest in Newark had it been built. The Gibraltar Building, headquarters for the financial services company until 1986, is situated between two other office towers later built for the firm, all of which are connected by underground passage The name is inspired by the company's logo, the Rock of Gibraltar. The Gothic Revival structure was designed by the architect Cass Gilbert, renowned for many works including the Woolworth Building and the United States Supreme Court Building.
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James Riely Gordon


For a few years there he was in partnership with architects Evarts Tracy and Egerton Swartwout. Gordon designed a number of substantial buildings in Manhattan, but almost all of them have since been replaced by new structures. One venerable survivor from 1910, in the Gramercy Park area, is the apartment house 36 Gramercy Park East. With a soaring pair of stacked bay windows, it is clad in white terra cotta, like Cass Gilbert's Woolworth Building of the same period. While apartment houses and commercial buildings dominated Gordon's practice in
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Central Park, Sydney


called Park Lane and The Mark. These are residential buildings designed by Johnson Pilton Walker located adjacent to the new parkland. The Mark is the second tallest building at Central Park. London architects Foster + Partners are the designers behind Central Park's first commercial buildings known as Central Park Mall, which is anchored by Woolworths and features over 75,000 square metres of office and retail space. Central Park includes two parks. In addition to the main park, a pocket park known as the Balfour Street Park was created by closing a section
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Saint Louis University Museum of Art


The Saint Louis University Museum of Art is the formal art museum for Saint Louis University. It is located at 3663 Lindell Boulevard in St. Louis, Missouri and is also known as O'Donnell Hall. Constructed in 1899, the four story Beaux Arts building served as the home of the St. Louis Club. The principal architect of the building is Arthur Dillon of the New York firm Friedlander who included a bowling alley and swimming pool in the basement. After a fire in 1925, the F. W. Woolworth Company bought the building and converted
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International Civil Rights Center and Museum


; Raphael Glover of Charlotte, North Carolina; and Mary Lou Blakeney and Andrew Dennis McBride of High Point, North Carolina. In October 2016, the museum denied a request by US presidential candidate Donald Trump's campaign to close the museum for five hours for a proposed visit by Trump. Architect Charles Hartmann designed the building in an art deco style. Completed in 1929, the building in the 100 South block of Elm Street was then known as the Whelan Building because Whelan Drug Co. rented most of the space. Woolworth moved
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Cass Gilbert


Cass Gilbert (November 24, 1859 – May 17, 1934) was a prominent American architect. An early proponent of skyscrapers, his works include the Woolworth Building, the United States Supreme Court building, the state capitols of Minnesota, Arkansas and West Virginia; and the Saint Louis Art Museum and Public Library. His public buildings in the Beaux Arts style reflect the optimistic American sense that the nation was heir to Greek democracy, Roman law and Renaissance humanism. Gilbert's achievements were recognized in his lifetime; he served as
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Civic Center, Manhattan


in the United States. The Surrogate's Courthouse building, originally designed to be the Hall of Records, was built between 1899 and 1907. Frank Winfield Woolworth, the owner of the "five and dime" Woolworth's retail chain, needed a new office building for the headquarters of his company and asked Cass Gilbert to build a Gothic tower with plenty of windows. In response, the Woolworth Building was constructed in 1913 and was the tallest building in the world until 1930, when the Chrysler Building claimed the title. The
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Austin, Nichols and Company Warehouse


The Austin, Nichols and Company Warehouse at 184 Kent Avenue in the Williamsburg section of Brooklyn, New York was built in 1915. It was designated a New York City Landmark in 2005 (overturned by the City Council) and later listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2007. It has been renovated into a residential apartment building. It was designed by architect Cass Gilbert. Its structural engineering was by Gunvald Aus, an engineer noted for his engineering of the Woolworth Building, and built by the Turner Construction Co. It
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Parker's Opera House


Parker's Opera House, also known as Opera House Store, Woolworth's and Parker Place, is a historic building located in Mason City, Iowa, United States. It was designed by the prominent Des Moines architect William Foster. Cousins H.G. and A.T. Parker built this structure as an opera house, which was the first one in the community. While it initially filled a need in Mason City, it was replaced by more modern theatres around the turn of the 20th century. The third floor was created in the building in
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Woolworth Building


. Each office had ceilings ranging from 11 to 20 feet high. The exterior contains several thousand windows: the exact number is disputed, but various sources state that the Woolworth Building has 2,843, 4,400, or 5,000 windows. Because the structure was built before air conditioning became common, every office is located within 10 feet of a window. Woolworth's private office on the 24th floor, revetted in marble in the French Empire style, is preserved in its original condition. The Woolworth Building was the first structure to have its
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Palais Schaumburg


state guest, Robert Schuman. Hans Schwippert rebuilt the building for the use as a Federal Chancellery in 1950. It was also extended by the so-called houses 2 and 3. By 1976, more space was needed, so a new building was planned. Some departments remained in the palais, which remained in use for ceremonial purposes. In 1963, the "Wohn- und Empfangsgebäude des Bundeskanzlers", the so-called Chancellor bungalow (Kanzlerbungalow), in the modern style of architect Sep Ruf was built in the spacious
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Fulda Cathedral


conventual buildings of the abbey, constructed between 1771 and 1778, now the Theological Department of the University of Fulda. Nearby is the modern chapel of the Catholic seminary, which was built 1966-1968 by the architect Sep Ruf. South of the monastery is the deanery and the dean's garden, where a lapidarium is now located. In part of the deanery buildings is the cathedral museum. The adjoining cathedral museum contains numerous liturgical vestments and vessels, including the "Silver Altar", dating from the 18th century, which
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Woolworth Building


. By September 1910, Gilbert had designed an even taller structure, with a 40-story tower on Park Place adjacent to a shorter 25-story annex, yielding a -tall building. The next month, Gilbert's latest design had evolved into a 45-story tower roughly the height of the nearby Singer Building. After the latest design, Woolworth wrote to Gilbert in November 1910 and asked for the building's height to be increased to , which was taller than Singer Building, Lower Manhattan's tallest building at the time. Woolworth was inspired by his
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Woolworth Building


to brag that they had visited the world's tallest building. Even after the revised height was unveiled, Woolworth still yearned to make the building even taller as it was now close to the height of the Metropolitan Life Insurance Company Tower, the tallest building in New York City and the world at the time. On December 20, 1910, Woolworth sent a team of surveyors to measure the building's height and come up with a precise measurement so he could make his skyscraper taller. He then ordered Gilbert to revise the building
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Woolworth Building


the features of the building. Before opening, the building was reportedly more than 50% leased. By the end of 1914, the building was 70% occupied and generating over $1.3 million a year in rents for the F. W. Woolworth Company. By the 1920s, the building had more than a thousand different tenants, who generally occupied suites of one or two rooms. These tenants reportedly collectively employed over 12,000 people who worked within the building. In 1920, after F. W. Woolworth died, his heirs took out a
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Abraham M. Radcliffe


Abraham M. Radcliffe (1827–1886) was an architect born in New York City. He opened a Minneapolis office in 1857 and a St. Paul office in 1858. He closed his Minneapolis office in 1868. He designed early commercial buildings in St. Paul and Minneapolis, as well as the Dakota County Courthouse in Hastings, Minnesota. Radcliffe inspired the architectural career of Cass Gilbert, the skyscraper pioneer who designed the Woolworth Building in New York City and the United States Supreme Court building, among many important public structures. Radcliffe designed the Isaac
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Woolworth Building


the company relocated their general, out-of-town, and foreign offices from the Woolworth Building after building their own headquarters at 1 Wall Street. Columbia Records was also one of the Woolworth Building's tenants at opening day, and housed a recording studio in the skyscraper. In 1917, Columbia made what are considered the first jazz recordings, by the Original Dixieland Jass Band, in this studio. Shortly after the building opened, it was used by several railroad companies. The Union Pacific Railroad and Delaware, Lackawanna and
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F. W. Woolworth Building (Fort Worth, Texas)


The F.W. Woolworth Building is a historic department store building located in Sundance Square section of downtown Fort Worth, Texas. The building served as a retail location for the F. W. Woolworth Company from 1926 to 1990. It now houses other tenants including a JoS. A. Bank Clothiers store. Designed by Wiley G. Clarkson and James T. Taylor to be ten stories tall, the limestone and concrete structure was only built as a three-story building. The Classical Revival building includes an elaborate frieze. The building was added to the National Register
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History of Valdosta State University


program moved into the former Georgia Power building, constructed in 1965, on North Patterson Street adjacent to downtown, and a rehabilitation project began on Powell Hall. In the same year, VSU received a Georgia American Institute of Architects award for the institution's "consistency in application of Spanish Mission architecture" to its campus complex. Later in 1995, the style greatly influenced the rehabilitation of the former Brookwood Plaza shopping center as a new University Center. The complex of buildings, which included a grocery store, Sears, and Woolworths
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Bush Tower


and the George Washington Masonic National Memorial (1922–1932) in Alexandria, Virginia)—and specifically, architect Harvey Wiley Corbett—gave Bush Tower a Neo-Gothic appearance, in some ways similar in style to New York's landmark Woolworth Building, a skyscraper that had been completed just three years earlier. The thinness of the building and its function precluded the need for conventional skyscraper fenestration. The windows are concentrated on the north (42nd Street) and south facades. With the exception of a recessed mid-facade lightwell on the east facade
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Monmouth University


of F.W. Woolworth Company. The building was designed by Horace Trumbauer and Julian Abele. Abele is regarded as the first professional African American architect. Wilson Hall became municipal property during the Great Depression and until Monmouth University acquired ownership, it was home to Highland Manor Junior College, a private girls' school. Today, it is a National Historic Landmark. Some classrooms and the administrative offices are inside of the building. Wilson Hall was named to the National Register of Historic Places on March 28, 1978 under the name Shadow Lawn
6126526
Sep Ruf


building. 1956–1957 he built the royal picture palace am Goetheplatz in Munich, in those days one of the two picture palaces in Europe, playing Todd-AO, and Michael Todd came to the opening and they showed the German first broadcast of the musical Oklahoma!. In Berlin he was part of the historic International Building Exhibition, the Interbau 1957 in Berlin. On the area of the Hansaviertel 53 architects from 13 countries made 35 drafts, that were realized by Alvar Aalto, Paul Baumgarten, Egon Eiermann, Walter Gropius,
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Woolworth Building


's design so as to reach or , despite ongoing worries over whether the additional height would be worth the increased financial cost. In order to fit the larger base that a taller tower necessitated, Woolworth bought the remainder of the frontage on Broadway between Park Place and Barclay Street. On January 1, 1911, the "New York Times" reported that Woolworth was planning a building at a cost of $5 million. By January 18, 1911, Woolworth and Hogan had acquired the final site for the project, totaling $
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Masters Home Improvement


homewares and electrical. Sep-Oct 2017: Bunnings confirms the opening to the former Masters locations at Mount Gambier (SA) and Dandenong (VIC), with 6 locations to be open by May 2018. 7-14 October 2017: The first Home Consortium centres open at Rutherford (NSW), and at South Morang (VIC). 12 October 2017: Completion of the $525 million sale of the remaining sites to Home Consortium by Woolworths. In a separate $187 million property deal, Charter Hall acquired 6
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Woolworth Building


Terra Cotta's models. In 1932, Atlantic Terra Cotta carried out a comprehensive cleaning campaign of the Woolworth's facade to remove blackening caused by the soot and pollution of the city. The building's facade was again restored between 1977 and 1981 by the Ehrenkrantz Group. During the 1977–1981 renovation, much of the terracotta was replaced with concrete and Gothic ornament was removed. Some of the Woolworth Building's windows are set within arch-shaped openings. Most of the building's spandrels, or triangles between the top corners of the
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F. W. Woolworth Building (Wilmington, Delaware)


The F. W. Woolworth Company Building is a historic department store building located in downtown Wilmington, Delaware. From 1940 to 1997, the F. W. Woolworth Company operated the store, this location being one of the last to close. The building then housed a Happy Harry's drug store and pharmacy for several years until that company was purchased by Walgreens in 2007. Walgreens continues to operate the acquired Happy Harry's stores, including the Market Street store, under the Happy Harry's name. The building was purchased by a subsidiary of
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Eldon B. Mahon United States Courthouse


the Office of the Supervising Architect of the U.S. Treasury Department. Clarkson, a native Texan, designed many buildings in Fort Worth during the 1920s and 1930s, including the Trinity Episcopal Church, the Woolworth Building, and the Texas Christian University Library. In 1938, artist Frank Albert Mechau was commissioned under the Public Works Administration's art programs to paint three oil-on-canvas panels in the fourth-floor Court of Appeals. Mechau, a realistic painter who romanticized the American West, is a key figure of the western
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Woolworth Building


travels in Europe, where he would constantly be asked about the Singer Building. He decided that housing his company in an even taller building would provide invaluable advertising for the F. W. Woolworth Company and make it renowned worldwide. This design, unveiled to the public the same month, was a 45-story tower rising . Referring to the revised plans, Woolworth said, "I do not want a mere building. I want something that will be an ornament to the city." He later said that he wanted visitors to be able
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Woolworth Building


constructing the tower of the Woolworth Building. Steel reached the 47th floor by May 30 and the official topping out ceremony took place two weeks ahead of schedule on July 1, 1912, as the last rivet was driven into the summit of the tower. The skyscraper was substantially completed by the end of that year. The building opened on April 24, 1913. Woolworth held a grand dinner on the building's 27th floor for over 900 guests, and at exactly 7:30 p.m. EST, President Woodrow Wilson pushed a button in Washington
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Woolworth Building


1929 film "Applause". It was also the setting of several film climaxes, such as in "Enchanted" (2007), as well as used for the setting of major organizations, such as in "Fantastic Beasts And Where To Find Them" (2016). The Woolworth Building was also featured in at least one television show, the 2006 series "Ugly Betty". The Woolworth Building has also appeared in works of literature. In Langston Hughes's 1926 poem "Negro", the narrator had made mortar
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F. W. Woolworth Building (Wilmington, Delaware)


basement. The escalators to the basement floor are still visible in the store. In 1959, Woolworth added a third story which appeared in the original blue prints. BPG has plans to renovate the building's upper floors and to add an additional two stories to the building for use as apartments. The building stands at the shopping intersection of 9th and Market streets a block off Rodney Square at the heart of the central business district. Woolworths also operated another store four blocks away at 504 Market Street. That second location now houses
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Woolworth Building


brand of popular five-and-ten-cent stores, as a headquarters for his eponymous company. Woolworth planned the skyscraper jointly with the Irving National Exchange Bank, which also agreed to use the structure as its headquarters. The Woolworth Building had originally been planned as a 12- to 16-story commercial building, but underwent several revisions to its plans during its planning process. Its final height was not decided upon until January 1911. Construction started in 1910, and it was completed two years later. The building officially opened on April
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Woolworth Building


$3 million mortgage loan on the Woolworth Building from Prudential Life Insurance Company to pay off $8 million in inheritance tax. By this point, the building was worth $10 million and grossed $1.55 million per year in rent income. The Broadway-Park Place Corporation sold the building to Woolco Realty Co., a subsidiary of the F. W. Woolworth Company, in April 1924 for $11 million. The company paid $4 million in cash and obtained a five-year, $11 million mortgage from Prudential Life Insurance
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Woolworth Building


arcade's north and south wings intersect the mezzanine; they depict major figures involved in the Woolworth Building's construction. These ornaments include Gilbert with a model of the building, Aus taking a girder's measurements, and Woolworth holding nickels and dimes. Two ceiling murals by C. Paul Jennewein, titled "Labor" and "Commerce", are located above the mezzanine where it crosses the south and north wings, respectively. The staircase hall is a two-story room located to the west of the arcade. It consists of
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Woolworth Building


the cornice contains generic sculpted grotesques. The lobby also contains a set of German chimes designed by Harry Yerkes. The basement of the Woolworth Building contains an unused bank vault, restaurant, and barbershop. The bank vault was initially intended to be used as safe-deposit boxes, though it was used by the Irving National Exchange Bank in practice. In 1931, Irving moved some $3 billion of deposits to a vault in its new headquarters at 1 Wall Street, and the Woolworth Building's vault was converted into a storage
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Woolworth Building


Howard Taft, Governor of New Jersey James Fairman Fielder, and United States Secretary of the Navy Josephus Daniels. On completion, the Woolworth Building topped the record set by the Metropolitan Life Insurance Company Tower as the world's tallest building, a distinction it held until 1930. The final estimated construction cost was up from initial estimates of for the shorter versions of the skyscraper. This was divided into $5 million for the land, $1 million for the foundation, and $7 million for the structure. Woolworth provided $
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Woolworth Building


Woolworth Building could be seen between 1 and 2 World Trade Center. After the attacks occurred only a few blocks away, the building was without electricity, water and telephone service for a few weeks and had broken windows and a damaged top turret due to falling rubble. Increased post-attack security restricted access to most of the ornate lobby, previously a tourist attraction. "New York Times" reporter David W. Dunlap wrote in 2006 that a security guard had asked him to leave within twelve seconds of entering the Woolworth Building.
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Woolworth Building


, the Woolworth Company profited from renting space out to others. The Woolworth Building was almost always fully occupied due to its central location in Lower Manhattan, as well as its direct connections to two subway stations. The Irving Trust Company occupied the first four floors upon the building's opening. It had a large banking room on the second floor accessible directly from a grand staircase in the lobby, vaults in the basement, offices on the third-floor mezzanine, and a board room on the fourth floor. In 1931,
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Woolworth Building


-Park Place Company to construct and finance the proposed structure. Initially, the bank was supposed to gradually purchase the company's stock until it owned the entire company, and thus, the Woolworth Building. Irving would be able to manage the 18 floors of rentable space on a 25-year lease. While negotiations to create the Broadway-Park Place Company were ongoing, Woolworth and his real estate agent Edward J. Hogan purchased several parcels from the Trenor Luther Park Estate and other owners. The entirety of the current building's footprint,
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Woolworth Building


However, there was renewed interest in restoring public access to the Woolworth Building during planning for the building's centennial celebrations. The lobby reopened to public tours in 2014, when Woolworth Tours started accommodating groups for 30- to 90-minute tours. The tours were part of a partnership between Cass Gilbert's great-granddaughter, Helen Post Curry, and Witkoff's vice president for development, Roy A. Suskin. In June 2003, Credit Suisse First Boston provided $201 million in financing for the property spread across a $125.4 million senior loan
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F. W. Woolworth Company Store (Renton, Washington)


Northwest to feature a 100% self-service business model. At its opening, which coincided with the F. W. Woolworth Company's diamond jubilee, the open shopping area on the first floor was 6000 sf. An employee lounge, conference room, and offices were on the second floor. The company closed the store between 1973 and 1974. The Woolworth Store in Renton was a two-story building that was combined with an adjacent one-story building in 1975. King County's historic preservation program awarded the restored building the
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Edward Buehler Delk


Edward Buehler Delk (1885 -1956) was a prominent architect who designed many landmark buildings in the Midwest and Southwest regions of The United States. Delk was born on 22 Sep 1885 Schoharie, New York. He graduated from University of Pennsylvania in 1907. After serving in the Army Air Corps during World War I where he studied at the University of London after the war. Among his most famous works were Spanish Colonial Revival Style architecture buildings in the 1920s for Kansas City developer J.C. Nichols and Oklahoma oilman Waite Phillips. On September
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F. W. Woolworth Company


five-and-dime stores – as contributors to Woolworth's decline in the late 20th century. On July 17, 1997, Woolworth's closed its remaining department stores in the U.S. and changed its corporate name to Venator. In 1999, Venator moved out of the Woolworth Building in New York City to offices on 34th Street. On October 20, 2001, the company changed names again; this time, it took the name of its top retail performer and became Foot Locker, Inc., which Woolworth started in 1974.
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ODDO BHF


. The bank was formed on 1 January 1970 as the Berliner Handels- und Frankfurter Bank from the merger of the Frankfurter Bank (founded in 1854) and the Berliner Handels-Gesellschaft (founded in 1856). In 1970, when the BHF-Bank tower was built by the German architect Sep Ruf, it was the highest building in Frankfurt. The banks changed its name to BHF-Bank in 1975. Through the 1970s and 1980s it was in the top three to five investment banks in West Germany and had a top
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Woolworth Building


of Professional Studies' Center for Global Affairs leased on the second, third, and fourth floors in 2002 from defunct dot-com startup FrontLine Capital Group. The American Institute of Graphic Arts also moved its headquarters in the Woolworth Building. By the early 2000s, the Woolworth Building was home to numerous technology tenants. Digital advertising firm Xceed occupied across four floors as its headquarters, Organic, Inc. took , and advertising agency Fallon Worldwide used two floors. However, Xceed terminated its lease in April 2001 during the midst of the
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Paul Williams (architect)


fountain is prominently visible from the adjacent San Diego Freeway. It is perhaps a fitting tribute to both Williams and Jolson that he was chosen to design Jolson's resting place, as Jolson had a long history of supporting African-American entertainers, in a time when that was controversial. Williams' business records (letters, drawings, photographs) are lost. They were stored at the headquarters of Broadway Federal Savings in Watts. Williams renovated and repurposed this former Woolworth's building in 1954 for the bank. During the 1992 Los
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Early skyscrapers


who wanted to create the largest income-producing property in the U.S. The project grew, and Woolworth finally opted for a 55-story, high skyscraper, the latest tallest building in the world, at a cost of $13.5 million ($5.1 billion in 2010 terms). Architect Cass Gilbert designs included a very high proportion of usable – and thus rentable – floor space, with a great deal of light and a flexible floor plan that could be subdivided for different tenants. Up-to-date fittings were installed to encourage
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Gothic Revival architecture


's 1913 Woolworth Building skyscraper in New York and Raymond Hood's 1922 Tribune Tower in Chicago. But, over the first half of the century, Neo-Gothic was supplanted by Modernism, although some modernist architects saw the Gothic tradition of architectural form entirely in terms of the "honest expression" of the technology of the day, and saw themselves as heirs to that tradition, with their use of rectangular frames and exposed iron girders. In spite of this, the Gothic Revival continued to exert its influence, simply because many
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Félix Potin


products produced and prepackaged at the chain's own factories, then sold them at standardised, publicised prices. Potin aimed to sell large volumes at reduced profit margins. Potin was thus a pioneer of the chain-and-branch, bulk-buying model of retail, unifying distribution and sales under the same brand. Frank Winfield Woolworth's eponymous five-and-dime chain in the US was, to some extent, a revival and development of Potin's model. The architect Paul Auscher (1866–1932) designed several buildings for
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E. P. Charlton & Company


brother, Charles Sumner Woolworth, had fifteen stores; while William Moore, whose stores had given Frank and Charles their start in retail, contributed two. Charlton's western holdings gave F. W. Woolworth a nationwide reach in both the United States and Canada. He became a senior vice president, and earned $6,500,000 from the merger. With the consolidation of the six brands under the Woolworth name, F. W. Woolworth & Company operated five hundred and ninety-six stores, with its headquarters at the newly constructed Woolworth Building in New
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