Dust in the Sun [SEP] based on
[{"answer": "Justin Bayard", "provenance": [{"wikipedia_id": "32777283", "title": "Dust in the Sun", "start_paragraph_id": 1, "start_character": 0, "end_paragraph_id": 1, "end_character": 162, "bleu_score": 1.0, "meta": {}, "section": "Section::::Abstract."}]}]
Comet dust


. Near the Sun, the heating and evaporation rate will be so great, that no dust can be retained. Therefore, the thickness of dust layers covering the nuclei of a comet can indicate how closely and how often a comet's perihelion travels are to the Sun. If a comet has an accumulation of thick dust layers, it may have frequent perihelion passages that don't approach the Sun too closely. A thick accumulation of dust layers might be a good description of all of the short period comets, as dust layers
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Sun, Moon, Dust


"Sun, Moon, Dust" is a 2017 fantasy short story by Ursula Vernon. It was first published in "Uncanny Magazine". Allpa's grandmother bequeaths him a magical sword which, when drawn, invokes three warrior spirits — Sun, Moon, and Dust — who are sworn to aid him in combat. However, Allpa is a potato farmer, and has no need of warriors. "Sun, Moon, Dust" was nominated for the 2018 Hugo Award for Best Short Story. "Apex Magazine" called
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Mars habitat


is farther from the sun, dust accumulation, and periodic dust storms, in addition to the usual challenges of solar power such as storing power for the night-time. One of the difficulties is enduring the global Mars dust storms, which cause lower temperatures and reduce sunlight reaching the surface. Two ideas for overcoming this are to use an additional array deployed during a dust storm and to use some nuclear power to provide base-line power that is not affected by the storms. NASA has studied nuclear-power fission systems
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Cosmic dust


rims on the particle's surface. And spallogenic nuclei are produced by galactic and solar cosmic rays. A dust particle that originates in the Kuiper Belt at 40 AU would have many more times the density of tracks, thicker amorphous rims and higher integrated doses than a dust particle originating in the main-asteroid belt. Based on 2012 computer model studies, the complex organic molecules necessary for life (Extraterrestrial organic molecules) may have formed in the protoplanetary disk of dust grains surrounding the Sun before the formation of the Earth. According
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64 Piscium


mass of the Sun while the secondary has 1.17 times the Sun's mass. Both stars are larger and brighter than the Sun, with higher temperature photospheres − having effective temperatures of around 6,200 K compared to 5,772 K for the Sun. The age of the system is estimated as 6.8 billion years and they have a similar element abundance as the Sun. In 2010, the system was identified as a debris disk candidate based upon the detection of an infrared excess at a wavelength of 24 μm. This dust has a mean temperature
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Zodiacal light


ecliptic. The light scattered from extremely small dust particles is strongly forward scattering, although the zodiacal light actually extends all the way around the sky, hence it is brightest when observing at a small angle with the Sun. This is why it is most clearly visible near sunrise or sunset, when the sun is blocked, but the dust particles nearest the line of sight to the sun are not. The dust band that causes the zodiacal light is uniform across the whole ecliptic. The dust further from the ecliptic is almost undetectable
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Abiogenesis


radiation. Based on computer model studies, the complex organic molecules necessary for life may have formed on dust grains in the protoplanetary disk surrounding the Sun before the formation of the Earth. According to the computer studies, this same process may also occur around other stars that acquire planets. Observations suggest that the majority of organic compounds introduced on Earth by interstellar dust particles are considered principal agents in the formation of complex molecules, thanks to their peculiar surface-catalytic activities. Studies reported in 2008, based on C/C isotopic
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Amazonis Planitia


of the Martian surface is covered with dust. Dust storms are frequent, especially when the spring season begins in the southern hemisphere. At that time, Mars is 40% closer to the sun. The orbit of Mars is much more elliptical than the Earth's. That is, the difference between the farthest point from the sun and the closest point to the sun is very great for Mars, but only slight for the Earth. Also, every few years, the entire planet is engulfed in a global dust storm.
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Arabia quadrangle


form of dust devils, cleaning the panels and boosting the power. So, we know that dust settles from the atmosphere then returns over and over. Dust storms are frequent, especially when the spring season begins in the southern hemisphere. At that time, Mars is 40% closer to the sun. The orbit of Mars is much more elliptical then the Earth's. That is the difference between the farthest point from the sun and the closest point to the sun is very great for Mars, but only a slight amount
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Radiation pressure


Sun, the Sun's radiation appears to be coming from a slightly forward direction (aberration of light). Therefore, the absorption of this radiation leads to a force with a component against the direction of movement. (The angle of aberration is tiny since the radiation is moving at the speed of light while the dust grain is moving many orders of magnitude slower than that.) The result is a gradual spiral of dust grains into the Sun. Over long periods of time, this effect cleans out much of the dust
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Phoenicis Lacus quadrangle


, Mars is 40% closer to the sun. The orbit of Mars is much more elliptical then the Earth's. That is the difference between the farthest point from the sun and the closest point to the sun is very great for Mars, but only a slight amount for the Earth. Also, every few years, the entire planet is engulfed in global dust storms. When NASA's Mariner 9 craft arrived there, nothing could be seen through the dust storm. Other global dust storms have also been observed, since
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Zodiacal light


except when viewed at a small angle with the sun. Thus it is possible to see more of the width at small angles toward the sun, and it appears wider near the horizon, closer to the sun under the horizon. The source of the dust has been long debated. Until recently, it was thought that the dust originated from the tails of active comets and from collisions between asteroids in the asteroid belt. Many of our meteor showers have no known active comet parent bodies. Over 85 percent of the dust is
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Gegenschein


Gegenschein ( German for "countershine") is a faintly bright spot in the night sky, around the antisolar point. The backscatter of sunlight by interplanetary dust causes this optical phenomenon. Like the zodiacal light, the gegenschein is sunlight scattered by interplanetary dust. Most of this dust is orbiting the Sun in about the ecliptic plane, with a possible concentration of particles at the Earth–Sun Lagrangian point. It is distinguished from zodiacal light by its high angle of reflection of the incident sunlight on the dust particles. It forms
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Comet tail


materials within the comet to vaporize and stream out of the nucleus, carrying dust away with them. The streams of dust and gas thus released form a huge, extremely tenuous atmosphere around the comet called the "coma", and the force exerted on the coma by the Sun's radiation pressure and solar wind cause an enormous "tail" to form, which points away from the Sun. The streams of dust and gas each form their own distinct tail, pointing in slightly different directions. The tail of dust is left
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Vega in fiction


reasons Vega has been extensively studied by astronomers, leading it to be termed "arguably the next most important star in the sky after the sun." Based on an observed excess emission of infrared radiation, Vega appears to have a circumstellar disk of dust. This dust is likely to be the result of massive collisions between objects in an orbiting debris belt, and it is analogous to the Kuiper belt in the solar system. Irregularities in the disk also suggest the presence of at least one planet, about the size of Jupiter
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Atmospheric diffraction


matter does not share the lensing properties of water. The effect is to make an object visibly larger while being more indistinct as the dust distorts the image. This effect varies largely based on the amount and type of dust in the atmosphere. The ionosphere is a layer of partially ionized gases high above the majority of the Earth's atmosphere; these gases are ionized by cosmic rays originating on the sun. When radio waves travel into this zone, which commences about 80 kilometers above the earth, they experience diffraction in a manner
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Signal Transfer Point


A Signal Transfer Point (STP) is a router that relays SS7 messages between "signaling end-points" (SEPs) and other signaling transfer points (STPs). Typical SEPs include "service switching points" (SSPs) and "service control points" (SCPs). The STP is connected to adjacent SEPs and STPs via signaling links. Based on the address fields of the SS7 messages, the STP routes the messages to the appropriate outgoing signaling link. Edge STPs can also route based upon message body content using
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Mars and Beyond


This importance becomes the main focus of the rest of the film. Dr. E.C. Slipher then discusses the possibility of life currently on Mars. An extended sequence speculates at what the conditions on Mars might be like given sufficient water: cannibalistic plants, a trilobite-like creature which eats the dust left behind by dust storms, silicon-based lifeforms which rely solely on minerals for nutrition, leaving behind amazing and strange if ephemeral formations, and a slew of predators, including one that has radial symmetry and magnifies the Sun's rays
10894358
Dust


dust clouds are the primary precursors for planetary systems. The zodiacal light, as seen in a dark night sky, is produced by sunlight reflected from particles of dust in orbit around the Sun. The tails of comets are produced by emissions of dust and ionized gas from the body of the comet. Dust also covers solid planetary bodies, and vast dust storms can occur on Mars which cover almost the entire planet. Interstellar dust is found between the stars, and high concentrations produce diffuse nebulae and reflection nebulae. Dust is widely
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Epsilon Leonis


than Regulus. At this distance, the visual magnitude of Epsilon Leonis is reduced by 0.03 as a result of extinction caused by intervening gas and dust. Algenubi exhibits the characteristics of a Cepheid-like variable, changing by an amplitude of 0.3 magnitude every few days. It has around four times the mass of the Sun and a projected rotational velocity of . Based upon its iron abundance, the metallicity of this star's outer atmosphere is only around 52% of the Sun's. That is, the abundance of elements other
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Phi Boötis


Phi Boötis (φ Boötis) is a single, yellow-hued star in the northern constellation of Boötes. It is dimly visible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude of +5.24. Based upon an annual parallax shift of 19.22 mas as seen from the Earth, it is located 170 light years from the Sun. At that distance, the visual magnitude is diminished by an extinction of 0.09 due to interstellar dust. It is moving closer to the Sun with a radial velocity of −10.6 km/s. The stellar
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Arcadia quadrangle


much more elliptical then the Earth's. That is the difference between the farthest point from the sun and the closest point to the sun is very great for Mars, but only a slight amount for the Earth. Also, every few years, the entire planet is engulfed in a global dust storm. When NASA's Mariner 9 craft arrived there, nothing could be seen through the dust storm. Other global dust storms have also been observed, since that time. Research, published in January 2012 in Icarus, found that
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Dust in the Sun


the box office. According to Raffety's biographer "with television making serious inroads into movie attendances world wide and no Chips Rafferty to exploit for distribution, "Dust in the Sun" was just another badly made independent cheapie, and gathered its own dust on the shelf for some four years." Lee Robinson later said, "I don't think it was a good script and I don't think that we had a very strong supporting cast and it was the first picture that we had done in which Chips didn't
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United States hydrogen policy


programs. Each states energy office gets SEP funding and manages all SEP funded projects. For more information about the SEP, including project descriptions, visit the SEP website. Clean Ports USA is an incentive-based program designed to help reduce emissions by encouraging port authorities to redesign and replace older diesel engines with new technologies and cleaner fuels. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's National Clean Diesel Campaign offers funding to port authorities to help them overcome the obstacles that prevent the adoption of cleaner diesel technologies. Clean Construction USA promotes the reduction
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Eta Trianguli Australis


degrees to the south celestial pole. The second Eta is now designated as HD 150550. This star is faintly visible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude of +5.91. Based upon an annual parallax shift of just 4.93 mas as seen from the Earth, it is located roughly 660 light years from the Sun. At that distance, the visual magnitude of the star is diminished by an extinction of 0.28 due to interstellar dust. The system appears to be moving closer to the Sun with a radial velocity of around −10
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Xi Cassiopeiae


Xi Cassiopeiae (ξ Cassiopeiae) is a blue-white hued binary star system in the northern constellation of Cassiopeia. It has an apparent visual magnitude of +4.81 and thus is faintly visible to the naked eye. Based upon an annual parallax shift of 2.28 mas as seen from Earth, this system is located roughly 1,400 light years from the Sun. At that distance, the visual magnitude of the system is diminished by an extinction factor of 0.20 due to interstellar dust. It is advancing in the general direction of the Sun with
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Nu Doradus


Nu Doradus, Latinized from ν Doradus, is the Bayer designation for a single, blue-white hued star in the southern constellation of Dorado. It is visible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude of +5.06. Based upon an annual parallax shift of 10.88 mas as seen from Earth, it is located about 300 light years from the Sun. At that distance, the visual magnitude is diminished by an extinction of 0.07 due to interstellar dust. It is moving further from the Sun with a heliocentric radial velocity of
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Theta Hydri


Theta Hydri, Latinized from θ Hydri, is the Bayer designation for a blue-white hued star in the southern constellation of Hydrus. It is faintly visible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude of +5.53. Based upon an annual parallax shift of 6.34 mas as seen from Earth, is located roughly 510 light years from the Sun. At that distance, the visual magnitude of the star is diminished by an extinction of 0.10 due to interstellar dust. It is moving away from the Sun with a radial velocity of
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Tharsis quadrangle


panels and boosting the power. Dust storms are frequent, especially when the spring season begins in the southern hemisphere. At that time, Mars is 40% closer to the sun. The orbit of Mars is much more elliptical then the Earth's. That is the difference between the farthest point from the sun and the closest point to the sun is very great for Mars, but only a slight amount for the Earth. Also, every few years, the entire planet is engulfed in global dust storms. When NASA's
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Comet


the first time on a comet. The streams of dust and gas thus released form a huge and extremely thin atmosphere around the comet called the "coma". The force exerted on the coma by the Sun's radiation pressure and solar wind cause an enormous "tail" to form pointing away from the Sun. The coma is generally made of and dust, with water making up to 90% of the volatiles that outflow from the nucleus when the comet is within of the Sun. The parent molecule is destroyed primarily through
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Diacria quadrangle


difference between the farthest point from the sun and the closest point to the sun is very great for Mars, but only slight for the Earth. Also, every few years, the entire planet is engulfed in a global dust storm. When NASA's Mariner 9 craft arrived there, nothing could be seen through the dust storm. Other global dust storms have also been observed, since that time. Research, published in January 2012 in Icarus, found that dark streaks were initiated by airblasts from meteorites traveling at supersonic speeds.
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Diacria quadrangle


know that dust falls from the atmosphere frequently. It is most generally accepted that the streaks represent avalanches of dust. Streaks appear in areas covered with dust. When a thin layer of dust is removed, the underlying surface appears dark. Much of the Martian surface is covered with dust. Dust storms are frequent, especially when the spring season begins in the southern hemisphere. At that time, Mars is 40% closer to the sun. The orbit of Mars is much more elliptical then the Earth's. That is the
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Galaxy


the Sun close to the center. A different method by Harlow Shapley based on the cataloguing of globular clusters led to a radically different picture: a flat disk with diameter approximately 70 kiloparsecs and the Sun far from the center. Both analyses failed to take into account the absorption of light by interstellar dust present in the galactic plane, but after Robert Julius Trumpler quantified this effect in 1930 by studying open clusters, the present picture of our host galaxy, the Milky Way, emerged. A few galaxies outside the Milky Way are
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Gamma Mensae


Gamma Mensae, Latinized from γ Mensae, is an orange-hued star system in the southern constellation of Mensa. The apparent visual magnitude of 5.19 indicates it is dimly visible to the naked eye. Based upon an annual parallax shift of 7.70 mas as seen from the Earth, it is about 102 light years from the Sun. At that distance, the visual magnitude is diminished by an extinction factor of 0.033 due to interstellar dust. The system shows the high velocity kinematic properties of a population II star, but has Sun
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Nu Phoenicis


Nu Phoenicis is a F-type main-sequence star in the southern constellation of Phoenix. It is visible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude of 4.95. This is a solar analogue, meaning its observed properties appear similar to the Sun, although it is somewhat more massive. At an estimated distance of around 49.5 light years, this star is located relatively near the Sun. Based on observations of excess infrared radiation from this star, it may possess a dust ring that extends outward several AU from an inner
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Septentrional


septentrional" is the term "meridional", which refers to the noonday sun, not to a celestial feature in the Southern sky. The novelist Gene Wolfe used the word "septentrional" in "The Book of the New Sun", as the name of a praetorian guard, who are especially close to the ruler, hence are part of the palace inner-circle; such stars are close to the polar star. The term, sometimes abbreviated to "Sep.", was used in historical astronomy to indicate the northern
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Interplanetary dust cloud


(Backman, private communication). Therefore, the grains would be "later-generation" dust. The zodiacal dust in the Solar System is 99.9% later-generation dust and 0.1% intruding interstellar medium dust. All primordial grains from the Solar System's formation were removed long ago. Particles which are affected primarily by radiation pressure are known as "beta meteoroids". They are generally less than 1.4 × 10 g and are pushed outward from the Sun into interstellar space. The interplanetary dust cloud has a complex structure
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Exozodiacal dust


contrasted with interstellar dust, which is not trapped in a solar system. Leftover particulates from the formation of a solar system, as well as debris from the collisions of larger objects leave behind exozodiacal dust. The amount of potential exozodiacal dust is thought to be ever-decreasing, though, as massive bodies like planets absorb significant amounts of it. For instance, the earth absorbs 40,000 tons of this dust every year. The dust emits infrared radiation, and through gravitational interactions with bodies such as the sun it forms infrared rings
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World Qualification Series (2009)


18 - Aug 23" 30th Anniversary of the Lacanau Pro and good conditions this year. Surf, concerts, events scheduled. Check out the video for a summary of the event http://vimeo.com/6994555 "Aug 25 - Aug 30" "Sep 01 - Sep 06" "Sep 01 - Sep 06" "Sep 04 - Sep 06" "Sep 09 - Sep 12" "Sep 10 - Sep 13" "Sep 08 - Sep 13" "Sep 15 - Sep 20" "Sep 16 - Sep 22" "Sep
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Comet


/Holmes briefly had a tenuous dust atmosphere larger than the Sun. The Great Comet of 1811 also had a coma roughly the diameter of the Sun. Even though the coma can become quite large, its size can decrease about the time it crosses the orbit of Mars around from the Sun. At this distance the solar wind becomes strong enough to blow the gas and dust away from the coma, and in doing so enlarging the tail. Ion tails have been observed to extend one astronomical unit (150 million km) or
6232120
List of 1982–83 NBA season transactions


1982 Oct 2, 1982 Oct 1, 1982 Sep 30, 1982 Sep 29, 1982 Sep 28, 1982 Sep 27, 1982 Sep 24, 1982 Sep 22, 1982 Sep 20, 1982 Sep 19, 1982 Sep 18, 1982 Sep 17, 1982 Sep 15, 1982 Sep 14, 1982 Sep 13, 1982 Sep 10, 1982 Sep 9, 1982 Sep 7, 1982 Sep 2, 1982 Sep 1, 1982 Aug 31, 1982 Aug 27, 1982 Aug 26, 1982 Aug 16, 1982 Aug 8,
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Ultraviolet astronomy


fade in prominence. Some very young massive stars and some very old stars and galaxies, growing hotter and producing higher-energy radiation near their birth or death, would be visible. Clouds of gas and dust would block the vision in many directions along the Milky Way. Space-based solar observatories such as SDO and SOHO use ultraviolet telescopes (called AIA and EIT, respectively) to view activity on the Sun and its corona. Weather satellites such as the GOES-R series also carry telescopes for observing the Sun in
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Asian Dust


products as well as hormone mimicking phthalates. Though scientists have known that intercontinental dust plumes can ferry bacteria and viruses, "most people had assumed that the [sun's] ultraviolet light would sterilize these clouds," says microbiologist Dale W. Griffin, also with the USGS in St. Petersburg, "We now find that isn't true." Recently, it has been discovered that yellow dust consists of fine dust and ultrafine dust particles. Fine dust consists of fine particular matter (PM). Particles smaller than 10 µm in
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Olympica Fossae


. Fine dust settles out of the atmosphere covering everything. We know a lot about this dust because the solar panels of the Mars Rovers get covered with dust, thus reducing the electrical energy. The power of the Rovers has been restored many times by the wind, in the form of dust devils, cleaning the panels and boosting the power. Dust storms are frequent, especially when the spring season begins in the southern hemisphere. At that time, Mars is 40% closer to the sun. The orbit of Mars is
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Zodiacal light


into smaller zodiacal dust grains over time. The Poynting–Robertson effect forces the dust into more circular (but still elongated) orbits, while spiralling slowly into the Sun. Hence a continuous source of new particles is needed to maintain the zodiacal cloud. Cometary dust and dust generated by collisions among the asteroids are believed to be mostly responsible for the maintenance of the dust cloud producing the zodiacal light and the gegenschein. Particles can be reduced in size by collisions or by space weathering. When ground down to sizes less than 10
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Richard Mattern Montgomery


staff. Sep 1956-Aug 1959 In 1956 he was assigned as deputy commander of the 2d Air Force (SAC). Following this two-year tour, he became commander of the 3d Air Division at Guam, with responsibility for SAC Forces West of the 180th meridian. Sep 1952-Sep 1956 The assignment which did most to shape his subsequent career was that of chief of staff, Headquarters, Strategic Air Command, Offutt Air Force Base, Nebraska, in September 1952, a post he held until September 1956. As a principal staff
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Arlene Rothlein


, based on the book by Gertrude Stein. Some of her other original works include "Another Letter to the Sun", a work inspired by Charles Ives and a piece entitled "It Seemed to Me There Was Dust in the Garden", a lyrical dance she created and dedicated for her aunt. The dances she created were often a take on Modern dance with an Avant-garde approach. Arlene performed in the 1968 musical "In Circles" as Sylvia, based on work by Gertrude Stein with lyrics by Al Carmines
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Peter Jenniskens


members of the Dutch Meteor Society), proving that "stars fell like rain at midnight" because the dust trails of long-period comets wander on occasion in Earth's path. His research also includes artificial meteors. An overview of ongoing missions can be found at: . Jenniskens is the principal investigator of NASA's Genesis and Stardust Entry Observing Campaigns to study the fiery return from interplanetary space of the Genesis (Sep. 2004), Stardust (Jan. 2006), and Hayabusa (June 2010) sample return capsules. The
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Eridania quadrangle


even under current conditions. Many areas on Mars, including Eridania, experience the passage of giant dust devils. A thin coating of fine bright dust covers most of the Martian surface. When a dust devil goes by it blows away the coating and exposes the underlying dark surface. Dust devils occur when the sun warms up the air near a flat, dry surface. The warm air then rises quickly through the cooler air and begins spinning while moving ahead. This spinning, moving cell may pick up dust and sand then leave
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Opportunity (rover)


300 Wh per day for two months, but some later winters were not as bad. Another factor that can reduce received power is dust in the atmosphere, especially dust storms. Dust storms have occurred quite frequently when Mars is closest to the Sun. Global dust storms in 2007 reduced power levels for Opportunity and Spirit so much they could only run for a few minutes each day. Due to the 2018 dust storms on Mars, "Opportunity" entered hibernation mode on June 12, but it remained silent after the storm subsided
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Climate of Mars


Martian year are approximately one in three. Dust storms contribute to water loss on Mars. A study of dust storms with the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter suggested that 10 percent of the water loss from Mars may have been caused by dust storms. Instruments on board the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter detected observed water vapor at very high altitudes during global dust storms. Ultraviolet light from the sun can then break the water apart into hydrogen and oxygen. The hydrogen from the water molecule then escapes into space. It is thought that Martian dust storms can
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Antitail


An antitail is a spike projecting from a comet's coma which seems to go towards the Sun, and thus geometrically opposite to the other tails: the "ion tail" and the "dust tail". However, this phenomenon is an optical illusion that is seen from the Earth. The antitail is formed of larger dust particles, which are less affected by the Sun's radiation pressure and tend to remain roughly in the comet's orbital plane and eventually form a disc along the comet's orbit due to the ejection speed
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Sydney Allard


and drivers. In 1964 Don Garlits, Tommy Ivo, Tony Nancy and Dante Duce participated in the First International Drag Festival, a six-event series that did much to promote the sport of drag racing in the UK. The 1964 Drag Festival was held at the following venues: Blackbushe Airport, nr Camberley, Surrey, (twice: Sat 19 Sep, Sun 4 Oct), which was still an operational airport; RAF Chelveston, Northants, (Sun 20 September); RAF Woodvale, nr Southport, Lancashire (
1101448
Comet dust


with thicknesses on the order of meters are thought to have accumulated on the surfaces of short-period comet nuclei. The accumulation of dust layers over time would change the physical character of the short-period comet. A dust layer both inhibits the heating of the cometary ices by the Sun (the dust is impenetrable by sunlight and a poor conductor of heat), and slows the loss of gases from the nucleus below. A comet nucleus in an orbit typical of short period comets would quickly decrease its evaporation rate to the
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Zodiacal light


the "ESA/Rosetta" orbiter confirmed that the parent bodies of interplanetary dust are most probably Jupiter-family comets such as comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko. Zodiacal light is produced by sunlight reflecting off dust particles in the Solar System known as cosmic dust. Consequently, its spectrum is the same as the solar spectrum. The material producing the zodiacal light is located in a lens-shaped volume of space centered on the sun and extending well out beyond the orbit of Earth. This material is known as the interplanetary dust
15840859
Coniology


atmosphere, helium, argon and neon, will all be present but at different amounts in the atmosphere depending on where and how long the suns ray hit the moon. Space is known for its vast emptiness; however, there is an enormous amount of dust in space, whether it be on comets, moons, planets, or nebulae. The Herschel Space Observatory provided scientist with data about how celestial bodies formed in space, while also making new discoveries pertaining to dust in space. Dust in space, or cosmic dust create
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Dust in the Sun


Dust in the Sun is a 1958 Australian mystery film adapted from the novel "Justin Bayard" by Jon Cleary and produced by the team of Lee Robinson and Chips Rafferty. The film stars British actress Jill Adams and an indigenous-Australian actor Robert Tudawali as Emu Foot. Justin Bayard, a Northern Territory policeman, is escorting an aboriginal warrior, Emu Foot, to Alice Springs to be tried for a tribal killing. They are attacked by some Aborigines and forced to take refuge at an isolated cattle station. Julie, the
7846299
2011–12 Iranian protests


is a shining sun. They threw some dust towards the sun... but the dust will return to their eyes." The commander of the Basij Mohammad Reza Naghdi told the Fars News Agency that he believed the protests had been started by "western spies" and that "western intelligence agencies are searching for a mentally challenged person who can set himself on fire in Tehran to trigger developments like those in Egypt and Tunisia." The Mourning Mothers gave their support to the protests and stated that they would be joining the protesters in
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Rings of Neptune


may or may not include larger bodies, but are certainly associated with concentrations of microscopic dust as evidenced by their enhanced brightness when backlit by the Sun. The arcs are quite stable structures. They were detected by ground-based stellar occultations in the 1980s, by "Voyager 2" in 1989 and by Hubble Space Telescope and ground-based telescopes in 1997–2005 and remained at approximately the same orbital longitudes. However some changes have been noticed. The overall brightness of arcs decreased since 1986. The Courage arc jumped forward by 8
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Geological history of Earth


The geological history of Earth follows the major events in Earth's past based on the geological time scale, a system of chronological measurement based on the study of the planet's rock layers (stratigraphy). Earth formed about 4.54 billion years ago by accretion from the solar nebula, a disk-shaped mass of dust and gas left over from the formation of the Sun, which also created the rest of the Solar System. Earth was initially molten due to extreme volcanism and frequent collisions with other bodies. Eventually, the outer
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September 1941 lunar eclipse


A partial lunar eclipse took place on Friday, September 5, 1941. It was a shallow partial lunar eclipse, with less than 10% of the Moon covered in Earth's shadow. Aug 31, 1941 = Sunday Sep 1, 1941 = Monday Sep 2, 1941 = Tuesday Sep 3, 1941 = Wednesday Sep 4, 1941 = Thursday Sep 5, 1941 = Friday Sep 6, 1941 = Saturday Sep 7, 1941 = Sunday Sep 8, 1941 = Monday Sep 9, 1941 = Tuesday Sep 10, 1941
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Comet dust


dust grains in the dense cloud that preceded the Sun. The mix of ice and dust then aggregated into a comet without appreciable chemical modification. J. Mayo Greenberg first proposed this idea in 1986. In the 2) Solar System model, the ices that formed in the interstellar cloud first vaporized as part of the accretion disk of gas and dust around the protosun. The vaporized ices later resolidified and assembled into comets. So the comets in this model would have a different composition than those comets that were made directly from interstellar ice
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Mare Australe quadrangle


below 100m. The average fan length is at 33.1m. The three largest fans lengths of 373m, 368m and 361m and were all in the same region. Many areas on Mars, including Eridania, experience the passage of giant dust devils. A thin coating of fine bright dust covers most of the Martian surface. When a dust devil goes by it blows away the coating and exposes the underlying dark surface. Dust devils occur when the sun warms up the air near a flat, dry surface.
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Vega


. These much wider disks were found to be circular and free of clumps, with dust particles ranging from 1–50 μm in size. The estimated total mass of this dust is 3 times the mass of the Earth. Production of the dust would require collisions between asteroids in a population corresponding to the Kuiper Belt around the Sun. Thus the dust is more likely created by a debris disk around Vega, rather than from a protoplanetary disk as was earlier thought. The inner boundary of the debris disk was estimated at 11″ ± 2″
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19th Air Refueling Squadron


The 19th Air Refueling Squadron (19 ARS) is an inactive unit of the United States Air Force. At the time of its inactivation, it was based at Otis Air Force Base. On 19 Sep 1985 the 19th Air Refueling Squadron,(Medium), was consolidated with the 19th Ferrying Squadron, a unit that was last active 31 Mar 1944. This action was directed by Department of the Air Force Letter DAF/MPM 662q Attachment 2 (Inactive Units), 19 Sep 1985. The Consolidated Unit will retain the Designation of 19th
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Beta Ursae Majoris


. If they were viewed from the same distance, Beta Ursae Majoris would appear much brighter than the Sun, as it is radiating 68 times the Sun's luminosity. Observation of the star in the infrared reveal an excess emission that suggests the presence of a circumstellar debris disk of orbiting dust, much like those discovered around Fomalhaut and Vega The mean temperature of this disk is 120 K, indicating that it is centered at a radius of 47 AU from the host star. The dust has an estimated mass of about 0.27%
10716926
Omicron Scorpii


has about eight times the mass of the Sun, fifteen times the radius, and is roughly 40 million years old. The star is radiating around 3,200 times the luminosity of the Sun from its outer atmosphere at an effective temperature of about 8,128 K. It does not display an infrared excess due to circumstellar dust or a possible infrared-bright companion, but the light from this star is subject to extinction from interstellar dust. Omicron Scorpii was occasionally mentioned as a possible member of the Upper Scorpius sub-group in the Scorpius-
12871614
30 Days of Night: Dust to Dust


a stake to the head. The other vampire tackles Nick and is about to feed on him when Sara breaks herself out of the bathroom and tackles the vampire. They wrestle for a bit and the vampire attempts to throw Sara outside into the sun. Sara pushes off at the last second and sends the vampire to its death out on the lawn in the sun. Sara and Nick talk for a moment and Sara realizes what she needs to do next. Nick begs her not to go by wrapping his arms around her and
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Duel in the Sun (film)


"For the 1985 film, see Lust in the Dust." Duel in the Sun (nicknamed Lust in the Dust) is a 1946 American Technicolor epic Western film directed by King Vidor, produced and written by David O. Selznick, which tells the story of a Mestiza (half-Native American) girl who goes to live with her white relatives, becoming involved in prejudice and forbidden love. The film stars Jennifer Jones, Joseph Cotten, Gregory Peck, Lillian Gish and Lionel Barrymore. Pearl Chavez (Jennifer Jones)
14143589
Comet


an apparition. Comets are distinguished from asteroids by the presence of an extended, gravitationally unbound atmosphere surrounding their central nucleus. This atmosphere has parts termed the coma (the central part immediately surrounding the nucleus) and the tail (a typically linear section consisting of dust or gas blown out from the coma by the Sun's light pressure or outstreaming solar wind plasma). However, extinct comets that have passed close to the Sun many times have lost nearly all of their volatile ices and dust and may come to resemble small asteroids
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Venetia Burney Student Dust Counter


. By December 2008 it had taken dust measurements between 1.2 and 11.0 AU from the Sun. By April 2012, the dust counter had produced data up to 23 AU. The direction of the dust impact is calculated by noting what direction the instrument is facing due to the orientation of the spacecraft. The instrument has very low power consumption. Examples of periods of Measurements: Data collected in the inner Solar System was compared to similar data from "Galileo" and "Ulysses" spacecraft. VBSDC recorded the first measurements of sub
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Interplanetary dust cloud


The particle sizes of grains characterizing the infrared emission near Earth's orbit typically range 10–100 μm. The total mass of the interplanetary dust cloud is approximately the mass of an asteroid of radius 15 km (with density of about 2.5 g/cm). Straddling the zodiac along the ecliptic, this dust cloud is visible as the zodiacal light in a moonless and naturally dark sky and is best seen toward the Sun's direction during astronomical twilight. The Pioneer spacecraft observations in the 1970s linked the Zodiacal light with the interplanetary dust cloud
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Diamond dust


. Diamond dust is often associated with halos, such as sun dogs, light pillars, etc. Like the ice crystals in cirrus or cirrostratus clouds, diamond dust crystals form directly as simple hexagonal ice crystals — as opposed to freezing drops — and generally form slowly. This combination results in crystals with well defined shapes - usually either hexagonal plates or columns - which, like a prism, can reflect and/or refract light in specific directions. While diamond dust can be seen in any area of the world that has cold winters,
2847925
History of Solar System formation and evolution hypotheses


thick gas and dust halo shielding the planets from the Sun. In order to form diamonds, pure carbon crystals, Moon-size objects, gas spheres that became gravitationally unstable, would have to form in the disk with the gas and dust dissipating at a later stage. Pressure fell as gas was lost and diamonds were converted to graphite, while the gas became illuminated by the Sun. Under these conditions considerable ionization would be present and the gas would be accelerated by magnetic fields, hence the angular momentum could be transferred from
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NGC 5253


1987A in the 20th century), occurred in this galaxy. Another supernova, SN 1895b, also has been recorded in the galaxy. NGC 5352 contains a giant dust cloud, hiding a cluster of more than one million stars, among them up to 7,000 O stars. The super star cluster is 3 million years old and has a total luminosity of more than one billion suns. The amount of dust surrounding the stars is extraordinary — approximately 15,000 times the mass of our sun in elements such as carbon and oxygen. The
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Martian polar ice caps


features that result from seasonal melting and deposition of ice together with dust from Martian dust storms. These polar layered deposits lie under the permanent polar caps. Information about the past climate of Mars may be eventually revealed in these layers, just as tree ring patterns and ice core data do on Earth. Both polar caps also display grooved features, probably caused by wind flow patterns and sun angles, although there are several theories that have been advanced. The grooves are also influenced by the amount of dust. The more dust,
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Sun dog


and right of the Sun, and at the same altitude above the horizon as the Sun. They can be seen anywhere in the world during any season, but are not always obvious or bright. Sun dogs are best seen and most conspicuous when the Sun is near the horizon. Sun dogs are commonly caused by the refraction and scattering of light from plate-shaped hexagonal ice crystals either suspended in high and cold cirrus or cirrostratus clouds, or drifting in freezing moist air at low levels as diamond dust. The crystals act
15585373
Soup the Chemist


, he is sometimes called the "Godfather of Christian hip hop". He released a studio album, "Dust", on January 31, 2000, through BEC Recordings. The song "As the Sun Rises" from "Dust" features Jon Gibson and samples "Dust in the Wind" by Kansas. The song "Is This a Dream" from the album is the third of Chris Well's five songs in the October 2006 issue of "CCM Magazine" that is reported to "cast out fear".
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Dust devil tracks


sun warms up the air near a flat, dry surface. The warm air then rises quickly through the cooler air and begins spinning while moving ahead. This spinning, moving cell may pick up dust and sand and leave behind a clean surface. Dust devils on Mars have been photographed both from the ground and high overhead from orbit. They have even blown dust off the solar panels of two Rovers on Mars, thereby greatly extending their useful lifetime. The pattern of the tracks has been shown to change every few months.
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Lust in the Dust


"For the 1946 film nicknamed "Lust in the Dust", see Duel in the Sun." Lust in the Dust is a 1985 Western comedy film starring Tab Hunter, Divine, Cesar Romero, and Lainie Kazan, and directed by Paul Bartel. Dance-hall girl Rosie Velez (Divine), lost in the desert, is helped to safety by gunman Abel Wood (Tab Hunter). In the town of Chili Verde, at the saloon of Marguerita Ventura (Lainie Kazan), word of a treasure in
7923505
The Beeps


Sapphire Stream S2/Ep45 Apr. 29 Wash Those Socks! S2/Ep46 Dec. 12 The Bumps SEASON 3: S3/Ep1 Aug. 30 Up Down Hill S3/Ep2 Aug. 31 Caravan S3/Ep3 Sep. 6 Secret Garden S3/Ep4 Sep. 7 Bounceflower Tea S3/Ep5 Sep. 13 The Whale S3/Ep6 Sep. 14 Soggy Sockroaches S3/Ep7 Sep. 20 Stinkroots S3/Ep8 Sep. 21 Sing-a-long-a-beeps S3/Ep9 Sep. 27 History Book S3/Ep10 Sep. 28 What Goes Splat? S3
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Signal Transfer Point


. SEPs send signaling messages to other SEPs, but the messages are normally routed via the SEP's adjacent STPs. An STP's main function is to identify the best path for two SEPs to communicate. A typical application would be for two SEPs to agree on the use of a shared data path (e.g., using ISUP to initiate a voice call between a user on one SEP and a user on the second SEP). In this way, STPs route signaling messages (for starting, maintaining or finishing any kind of
21819468
Magnetohydrodynamics


poles of the Sun, an MHD phenomenon due to the Parker spiral shape assumed by the extended magnetic field of the Sun. Previously, theories describing the formation of the Sun and planets could not explain how the Sun has 99.87% of the mass, yet only 0.54% of the angular momentum in the solar system. In a closed system such as the cloud of gas and dust from which the Sun was formed, mass and angular momentum are both conserved. That conservation would imply that as the mass concentrated in the center
18660468
Meteor shower


size from that of a dust mote to that of a small boulder. Dust mote sized solids are orders of magnitude more common than those the size of sand grains, which, in turn, are similarly more common than those the size of pebbles, and so on. When the ice warms and sublimates, the vapor can drag along dust, sand, and pebbles. Each time a comet swings by the Sun in its orbit, some of its ice vaporizes and a certain amount of meteoroids will be shed. The meteoroids
191822
Extraterrestrial skies


of the dust high in Mars's atmosphere. On Mars, Rayleigh scattering is usually a very weak effect; the red color of the sky is caused by the presence of iron(III) oxide in the airborne dust particles. These particles are larger in size than gas molecules, so most of the light is scattered by Mie scattering. Dust absorbs blue light and scatters longer wavelengths (red, orange, yellow). The Sun as seen from Mars appears to be the angular diameter as seen from Earth (0.35°),
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Asteroid belt


now bear little resemblance to the original population. Along with the asteroid bodies, the asteroid belt also contains bands of dust with particle radii of up to a few hundred micrometres. This fine material is produced, at least in part, from collisions between asteroids, and by the impact of micrometeorites upon the asteroids. Due to the Poynting–Robertson effect, the pressure of solar radiation causes this dust to slowly spiral inward toward the Sun. The combination of this fine asteroid dust, as well as ejected cometary material, produces
3192788
Dig Your Own Hole


, exactly fourteen minutes longer than the band's debut album "Exit Planet Dust". The booklet for the album contains various pictures. The single covers of "Setting Sun", "Block Rockin' Beats" and "Elektrobank" are all featured, in addition to a picture of an orange, a photo showing the scene used for the cover of "Exit Planet Dust" except from behind, and various other images. This album was also the last album to use the original Freestyle Dust logo. After The Chemical
9629943
Signal Transfer Point


calls originated by the SEPs' attached users) while avoiding disabled intermediary STPs. A signaling message typically never goes directly from a given SEP to the destination SEP: the message would normally have to pass through the initiating SEP's adjacent STP so that it can be routed to the destination SEP. In some applications, however, SEPs might be directly connected with signaling links; this would typically be done to enhance robustness or performance between two critical SEPs. Such mesh network configurations are also common in Europe, where STPs have not
21819469
RU Lupi


times the mass of the Sun per year. RU Lupi has an estimated mass of 0.6–0.7 times the mass of the Sun and 1.6 times the Sun's radius. It is radiating more than double the luminosity of the Sun, at an effective temperature of about 3,950 K. RU Lupi is surrounded by a circumstellar disk of dust that has a combined mass of up to 0.032 times the mass of the Sun. The particles in the disk vary in size, but range up to a centimeter in cross-section. The star exhibits
4455943
Roman Catholic Diocese of San Jose (Nueva Ecija)


| May 24 Rev. Fr. Jimmy Reyes | Sep. 10 Rev. Fr. Rodelio Paglinawan | 3rd Sun. of Jan. Rev. Fr. Jun Flores | Jul. 25 Rev. Fr. Ace Fernando Cara | Nov. 30 Rev. Fr. Ronald Rhoel Ocampo | Mar. 19 Rev. Fr. Marc Louie Caniza | Dec. 8 Rev. Fr. Josix Tolentino (Parish Priest) and Rev. Fr. Ernie Pesimo (Resident Priest) | Dec. 27 Rev. Fr. Gabriel Galido, MSC | Sun. before the Solemnity of Sacred Heart of Jesus Rev. Fr.
16378708
Jon Cleary


sold three million copies, enabling Cleary to write full-time. Cleary lived in Italy for a year then returned home to Australia in 1953 after seven years away. His fifth novel, "The Climate of Courage" (1954), was based on his war experiences and sold well in Australia and Britain. He visited the Kimberley region in 1954, and the result was "Justin Bayard" (1955) (later filmed as "Dust in the Sun" (1958)). Cleary then went back to live
10134802
Iota Lupi


ι Lupi, Latinised as Iota Lupi, is a solitary star in the southern constellation of Lupus. It is visible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude of 3.54. Based upon an annual parallax shift of 9.65 mas as seen from Earth, it is located around 338 light years from the Sun. At that distance, the visual magnitude of the star is diminished by an extinction factor of 0.23 due to interstellar dust. Relative to its neighbors, this star has a peculiar velocity of . It appears to be a
10635610
Phi2 Lupi


Phi Lupi, Latinized from φ Lupi, is a solitary star in the southern constellation of Lupus. With an apparent magnitude of 4.535, it is bright enough to be seen with the naked eye. Based upon an annual parallax shift of 6.28 mas as seen from Earth, it is located around 520 light years from the Sun. At that distance, the visual magnitude of the star is diminished by an extinction factor of due to interstellar dust. It is a member of the Upper Centaurus-Lupus subgroup of the Scorpius–
11160273
Psi2 Lupi


Psi Lupi (ψ Lup) is a triple star system in the constellation Lupus. It is visible to the naked eye with an apparent magnitude of 4.75. Based upon an annual parallax shift of 8.97 mas as seen from Earth, it is located around 360 light years from the Sun. At that distance, the visual magnitude is diminished by an extinction factor of due to interstellar dust. This system is a member of the Upper Centaurus-Lupus subgroup of the Scorpius–Centaurus Association. The inner pair of stars in this
11160622
Battle of Cannae


and hemmed in on their right flank by the river Aufidus, so that their left flank was the only viable means of retreat. In addition, the Carthaginian forces had maneuvered so that the Romans would face east. Not only would the morning sun shine low into the Romans' eyes, but the southeasterly winds would blow sand and dust into their faces as they approached the battlefield. Hannibal's deployment of his army, based on his perception of the terrain and understanding of the capabilities of his troops, proved decisive. As
191769
Phi2 Pavonis


Phi Pavonis (φ Pav, φ Pavonis) is a solitary star in the southern constellation of Pavo (the Peacock). It is faintly visible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude of +5.10. Based upon an annual parallax shift of 40.55 mas as seen from Earth, it is located 80.4 light years from the Sun. At that distance, the visual magnitude is diminished by an extinction factor of 0.07 due to interstellar dust. It is a member of the thin disk population. This is a yellow-white
8646503
Geography of Nigeria


Africa and Nigeria when it predominates. The haze is as a result of the dust within the airmass limiting visibility and blocking much of the sun's rays from reaching the earth. The mass has no ability of forming rain due to low humidity within the airmass, since it crosses the Sahara Desert, it picks up dust instead of water thereby creating little chances for rainfall. The airmass makes life difficult as a result of low visibility which hampers transportation. The dust haze creates an almost desert conditions in the country during the dominance
1710101
Extraterrestrial materials


Extraterrestrial material refers to natural objects now on Earth that originated in outer space. Such materials include cosmic dust and meteorites, as well as samples brought to Earth by sample return missions from the Moon, asteroids and comets, as well as solar wind particles. Extraterrestrial materials are of value to science as it reveals the composition of the gas and dust from which the Sun and the Solar System formed. Extraterrestrial material can be classified into a few broad categories, namely: Examples of extraterrestrial material collected on Earth include cosmic dust and
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Delta Microscopii


δ Microscopii, Latinised as Delta Microscopii, is a faint, orange hued binary star system in the constellation Microscopium, marking the eyepiece end of the "microscope". It is just visible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude of +5.68. Based upon an annual parallax shift of 10.82 mas as seen from the Earth, it is roughly 300 light years from the Sun. At that distance, the visual magnitude is diminished by an extinction factor of 0.142 due to interstellar dust. This is a single-lined spectroscopic
10244929
HD 95808


HD 95808 is a double star in the constellation of Crater. Its apparent magnitude is 5.50, but interstellar dust makes it appear 0.11 magnitudes dimmer than it should be. It is located some 340 light-years (104 parsecs) away, based on parallax. HD 95808 is a G-type giant star. At an age of 680 million years old, it has swelled up to a radius of 10.1 times that of the Sun, and it is 2.43 times as massive. It emits 64.6 times as much energy as
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