DCE Distributed File System [SEP] based on
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DCE Distributed File System


The DCE Distributed File System (DCE/DFS) is the remote file access protocol used with the Distributed Computing Environment. It was a variant of Andrew File System(AFS), based on the AFS Version 3.0 protocol that was developed commercially by Transarc Corporation. AFS Version 3.0 was in turn based on the AFS Version 2.0 protocol (also used by the Coda disconnected file system) originally developed at Carnegie Mellon University. DCE/DFS consisted of multiple cooperative components that provided a network file system with strong file system semantics, attempting to
16560284
Distributed Computing Environment


the time server. While it is possible to implement a distributed file system using the DCE underpinnings by adding filenames to the CDS and defining the appropriate ACLs on them, this is not user-friendly. DCE/DFS is a DCE-based application which provides a distributed filesystem on DCE. DCE/DFS can support replicas of a fileset (the DCE/DFS equivalent of a filesystem) on multiple DFS servers - there is one read-write copy and zero or more read only copies. Replication is supported between the
4584224
ZFS (z/OS file system)


z/OS File System (zFS) is a POSIX-style hierarchical file system for IBM's z/OS operating system for z System mainframes, a successor to that operating system's HFS. zFS technology was first released in 1995 as the Local File System, a lower layer of the DCE Distributed File System. It was available on MVS/ESA V5R2.2 and all OS/390 releases. DFS/LFS was provided as a part of the DCE feature, not part of the base operating system. As a separate feature (
16904619
DCE Distributed File System


support this and other advanced DCE/DFS features, a local journaling file system (DCE/LFS also known as Episode) was developed to provide the full range of support options. IBM has not maintained it since 2005: http://www-306.ibm.com/software/stormgmt/dfs/ IBM was working on a replacement for DCE/DFS called ADFS (Advanced Distributed File System). One major goal of this project was to decouple DFS from the complexities of DCE's cell directory services (CDS) and security services (secd). Another key feature would have been the elimination
16560287
Distributed Computing Environment


DCE/DFS was based on the Andrew File System (AFS) originally developed at Carnegie Mellon University. The authentication system was based on Kerberos, and the authorization system based on Access Control Lists (ACLs). By combining these features, DCE offers a fairly complete C-based system for network computing. Any machine on the network can authenticate its users, gain access to resources, and then call them remotely using a single integrated API. The rise of the Internet, Java and web services stole much of DCE's
4584219
Network File System


) and the DCE Distributed File System (DFS) over Sun/ONC RPC and NFS. DFS used DCE as the RPC, and DFS derived from the Andrew File System (AFS); DCE itself derived from a suite of technologies, including Apollo's NCS and Kerberos. Sun Microsystems and the Internet Society (ISOC) reached an agreement to cede "change control" of ONC RPC so that the ISOC's engineering-standards body, the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), could publish standards documents (RFCs)
6120040
DCE Distributed File System


mimic the behavior of POSIX local file systems while taking advantage of performance optimizations when possible. A DCE/DFS client system utilized a locally managed cache that would contain copies (or regions) of the original file. The client system would coordinate with a server system where the original copy of the file was stored to ensure that multiple clients accessing the same file would re-fetch a cached copy of the file data when the original file had changed. The advantage of this approach is that it provided very good performance even over
16560285
Distributed Computing Environment


based systems. By integrating security, RPC and other distributed services on a single "official" distributed computing environment, OSF could offer a major advantage over SVR4, allowing any DCE-supporting system (namely OSF/1) to interoperate in a larger network. The DCE system was, to a large degree, based on independent developments made by each of the partners. DCE/RPC was derived from the "Network Computing System" (NCS) created at Apollo Computer. The naming service was derived from work done at Digital.
4584218
DCE Distributed File System


slow network connections because most of the file access was actually done to the local cached regions of the file. If the server failed, the client could continue making changes to the file locally, storing it back to the server when it became available again. DCE/DFS also divorced the concept of logical units of management (Filesets) from the underlying volume on which the fileset was stored. In doing this it allowed administrative control of the location for the fileset in a manner that was transparent to the end user. To
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Distributed File System (Microsoft)


is referred to interchangeably as 'DFS' and 'Dfs' by Microsoft and is unrelated to the DCE Distributed File System, which held the 'DFS' trademark but was discontinued in 2005. It is also called "MS-DFS" or "MSDFS" in some contexts, e.g. in the Samba user space project. There is no requirement to use the two components of DFS together; it is perfectly possible to use the logical namespace component without using DFS file replication, and it is perfectly possible to use file replication
12046562
Clustered file system


Database Architecture, also known as DRDA. There are many peer-to-peer network protocols for open-source distributed file systems for cloud or closed-source clustered file systems, e. g.: 9P, AFS, Coda, CIFS/SMB, DCE/DFS, Lustre, PanFS, Google File System, Mnet, Chord Project. Network-attached storage (NAS) provides both storage and a file system, like a shared disk file system on top of a storage area network (SAN). NAS typically uses
22016534
Transarc


Transarc Corporation was a private Pittsburgh-based software company founded in 1989 by Jeffrey Eppinger, Michael L. Kazar, Alfred Spector, and Dean Thompson of Carnegie Mellon University. It commercialized the Andrew File System (AFS) that was originally developed at Carnegie Mellon. As a member of The Open Group, Transarc also developed the DFS distributed filesystem component of the Distributed Computing Environment (DCE) that was sold by Open Group members (including Transarc). Other products included the distributed transaction processing monitor Encina (a basis for IBM's
16226262
DCE/RPC


DCE/RPC, short for "Distributed Computing Environment / Remote Procedure Calls", is the remote procedure call system developed for the Distributed Computing Environment (DCE). This system allows programmers to write distributed software as if it were all working on the same computer, without having to worry about the underlying network code. DCE/RPC was commissioned by the Open Software Foundation in a "Request for Technology" (1993 David Chappell). One of the key companies that contributed was Apollo Computer, who brought in NCA -
3664519
Universally unique identifier


Computing System (NCS) and later in the Open Software Foundation's (OSF) Distributed Computing Environment (DCE). The initial design of DCE UUIDs was based on the NCS UUIDs, whose design was in turn inspired by the (64-bit) unique identifiers defined and used pervasively in Domain/OS, an operating system also designed by Apollo Computer. Later, the Microsoft Windows platforms adopted the DCE design as globally unique identifiers (GUIDs). RFC 4122 registered a URN namespace for UUIDs and recapitulated the earlier specifications, with
17216301
Cairo (operating system)


several times, sometimes calling it a product, other times referring to it as a collection of technologies. Cairo used distributed computing concepts to make information available quickly and seamlessly across a worldwide network of computers. The Windows 95 user interface was based on the initial design work that was done on the Cairo user interface. DCE/RPC shipped in Windows NT 3.1. Content Indexing is now a part of Internet Information Server and Windows Desktop Search. The remaining component is the object file system. It was once planned to be implemented
1305328
Entera


(TCP) version and the [[Distributed Computing Environment]] (DCE), the latter based on DCS Cell Directory Service, the DCE endpoint mapper, and DCE [[Threads (computer science)|threads]]. Despite various challenges, the DCE version of Entera became popular with IBM and its customer base because it simplified the complexity of DCE development. During this time, OEC developers began work on a fourth version of Entera, aimed at unifying the TCP and DCE versions. They used the DCE and endpoint mapper to
8359278
Network File System


, and others forming the Open Software Foundation (OSF) in 1988. Ironically, Sun and AT&T had formerly competed over Sun's NFS versus AT&T's Remote File System (RFS), and the quick adoption of NFS over RFS by Digital Equipment, HP, IBM, and many other computer vendors tipped the majority of users in favor of NFS. NFS interoperability was aided by events called "Connectathons" starting in 1986 that allowed vendor-neutral testing of implementations with each other. OSF adopted the Distributed Computing Environment (DCE
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Distributed Computing Environment


mindshare through the mid-to-late 1990s, and competing systems such as CORBA muddied the waters as well. One of the major uses of DCE today is Microsoft's DCOM and ODBC systems, which use DCE/RPC (in MSRPC) as their network transport layer. OSF and its projects eventually became part of The Open Group, which released DCE 1.2.2 under a free software license (the LGPL) on 12 January 2005. DCE 1.1 was available much earlier under the OSF BSD license, and resulted in FreeDCE being
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Distributed Computing Environment


In computing, the Distributed Computing Environment (DCE) software system was developed in the early 1990s from the work of the Open Software Foundation (OSF), a consortium (founded in 1988) that included Apollo Computer (part of Hewlett-Packard from 1989), IBM, Digital Equipment Corporation, and others. The DCE supplies a framework and a toolkit for developing client/server applications. The framework includes: DCE represented a big step in the direction of standardization of architectures, which had previously been manufacturer-dependent.
4584215
Andrew Herbert


commercial, CORBA-based products for distributed computing. Notable successes included the NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS), a European radio pager system and the online customer service system for a major UK utility. As part of his ANSA work, Herbert played an active role in many standards and consortia for distributed computing including TINA-C, RM-ODP, OSF DCE and OMG CORBA. Herbert created a Cambridge UK company, called Architecture Projects Management Ltd (APM), to employ the ANSA research team. As ANSA matured
20507899
Microsoft RPC


involving the MAPI protocol. MSRPC is derived from the Distributed Computing Environment 1.2 reference implementation from the Open Software Foundation, but has been copyrighted by Microsoft. DCE/RPC was originally commissioned by the Open Software Foundation, an industry consortium to set vendor- and technology-neutral open standards for computing infrastructure. None of the Unix vendors (now represented by the Open Group), wanted to use the complex DCE or such components as DCE/RPC at the time. Microsoft's Component Object Model is based heavily on MSRPC, adding
3664421
Distributed file system for cloud


Amazon and Google, that offer services to web clients allowing multiple operations (reading, updating, deleting...) to a large number of files distributed among a large number of computers, then cluster-based solutions become more beneficial. Note that having a large number of computers may mean more hardware failures. Two of the most widely used distributed file systems (DFS) of this type are the Google File System (GFS) and the Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS). The file systems of both are implemented by user
19138375
General Inter-ORB Protocol


an ESIOP attempts to address special requirements. For example, an ESIOP might use an alternative protocol encoding to improve efficiency over networks with limited bandwidth or high latency. ESIOPs can also be used to layer CORBA on top of some non-CORBA technology stack, such as Distributed Computing Environment (DCE). DCE Common Inter-ORB Protocol (DCE-CIOP) is an ESIOP for use in DCE. It maps CORBA to DCE RPC and CDR (Command Data Representation). DCE-CIOP is defined in chapter 16 of
12237694
Humming Heads


Humming Heads Inc. is an EIP (Enterprise Information Protection) software developer based in Japan. Humming Heads Inc. was founded in 1999 to focus on the computer security. It shipped its first product, Security Platform (SeP) in 2001, as an anti-virus software. Taking SOX seriously, Humming Heads introduced functionality preventing unauthorized access and confidential information theft from the electronic systems. Further Humming Heads came with its own implementation of the desktop file manager. In 2017 the firm entered the US market. SeP prevents unauthorized information access
11750748
Distributed Computing Environment


read-write and the read-only copies. In addition, DCE/DFS also supports what are called "backup" filesets, which if defined for a fileset are capable of storing a version of the fileset as it was prior to the last replication. DCE/DFS is believed to be the world's only distributed filesystem that correctly implements the full POSIX filesystem semantics, including byte range locking. DCE/DFS was sufficiently reliable and stable to be utilised by IBM to run the back-end filesystem for the 1996
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DCE/RPC


100 ".tar.gz" files that take up 170 Megabytes. (Note that they include the PostScript of all the documentation, for example.) The Open Group has stated it will work with the DCE community to make DCE available to the open source development community, as well as continuing to offer the source through The Open Group’s web site. DCE/RPC's reference implementation (version 1.1) was previously available under the BSD-compatible (Free Software) OSF/1.0 license, and is still available for at least Solaris,
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DCE/RPC


frequently noted for its complexity, however this complexity is often a result of features that target large distributed systems and which are often unmatched by more recent RPC implementations such as SOAP. Previously, the DCE source was only available under a proprietary license. As of January 12, 2005, it is available under a recognized open source license (LGPL), which permits a broader community to work on the source to expand its features and keep it current. The source may be downloaded over the web. The release consists of about
3664521
Distributed Computing Environment


available since 2000. FreeDCE contains an implementation of DCOM. One of the major implementations of DCE was Encina, originally developed by Transarc (who were acquired by IBM). IBM used Encina as a foundation to port its primary mainframe transaction processing system (CICS) to non-mainframe platforms, as IBM TXSeries. (However, later versions of TXSeries have removed the Encina component.) The largest unit of management in DCE is a cell. The highest privileges within a cell are assigned to a role called "cell administrator
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Phase5


Phase5 expansions from that time on. Following the initial PowerPC boards plans were announced on 22 July 1999 for new PowerPC boards based on the G3. These were to be developed with QNX Software Systems with the intention of building an alternative to the official Amiga solution of the time, to be known as AMIRAGE K2 . These products were never released. On 9 February 2000 the company filed for insolvency and on 27 April 2000 the company was liquidated. DCE bought licenses before liquidation and produced some of the Phase5 hardware products under its
7367559
Shadow Health


Shadow Health is an educational software developer of learning environments termed Digital Clinical Experiences™ (DCEs). Founded in Gainesville, Florida in 2011, Shadow Health offers web-based clinical learning environments for masters, bachelors, and associate degree students and faculty in the fields of nursing and healthcare. The Shadow Health DCE is used in universities across the United States and Canada. As a learning management system, each DCE provides educators with administration, documentation and tracking functions to measure student clinical competence and clinical reasoning. Students navigate the digital
261873
Distributed Computing Environment


", normally assigned to the "user" "cell_admin". Note that this need not be a real OS-level user. The cell_admin has all privileges over all DCE resources within the cell. Privileges can be awarded to or removed from the following categories : user_obj, group_obj, other_obj, any_other for any given DCE resource. The first three correspond to the owner, group member, and any other DCE principal respectively. The last group contains any non-DCE principal. Multiple cells can be configured to communicate and
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Universally unique identifier


the same technical content. By the time RFC 4122 was published as a proposed IETF standard, the ITU had also standardized UUIDs, based on the previous standards and early versions of RFC 4122. UUIDs are standardized by the Open Software Foundation (OSF) as part of the Distributed Computing Environment (DCE). UUIDs are documented as part of ISO/IEC 11578:1996 "Information technology – Open Systems Interconnection – Remote Procedure Call (RPC)" and more recently in ITU-T Rec. X.667 | ISO/IEC 9834-
17216302
Rh blood group system


any individual can only be identified by DNA analysis. Regarding patient treatment, only the phenotype is usually of any clinical significance to ensure a patient is not exposed to an antigen they are likely to develop antibodies against. A probable genotype may be speculated on, based on the statistical distributions of genotypes in the patient's place of origin. R (cDe or Dce) is today most common in Africa. The allele was thus often assumed in early blood group analyses to have been typical of populations on the continent; particularly in
21383467
Orange Valley Regional Groundwater Superfund site


them found mostly at hazardous waste sites like the Orange Valley Regional Groundwater site. There are two different types of DCE, known as 1,1-Dichloroethene, or 1,1-DCE, and 1,2-Dichloroethene, or 1,2-DCE. These chemicals have “similar molecular structures used to produce a variety of consumer and industrial products, such as specialty chemicals and cleaning products.” DCE, 1,1-DCE, and 1,2-DCE exposure can be through ingestion, inhalation, skin contact, and eye contact. DCE targets the skin, liver, kidneys, lungs, and central nervous system,
4000927
Distributed file system for cloud


file system designed to hold very large amounts of data (terabytes or even petabytes). Its architecture is similar to GFS, i.e. a master/slave architecture. The HDFS is normally installed on a cluster of computers. The design concept of Hadoop is informed by Google's, with Google File System, Google MapReduce and Bigtable, being implemented by Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS), Hadoop MapReduce, and Hadoop Base (HBase) respectively. Like GFS, HDFS is suited for scenarios with write-once-read-
19138387
Network File System


related to ONC RPC protocols and could extend ONC RPC. OSF attempted to make DCE RPC an IETF standard, but ultimately proved unwilling to give up change control. Later, the IETF chose to extend ONC RPC by adding a new authentication flavor based on Generic Security Services Application Program Interface (GSSAPI), RPCSEC GSS, to meet IETF requirements that protocol standards have adequate security. Later, Sun and ISOC reached a similar agreement to give ISOC change control over NFS, although writing the contract carefully to exclude NFS version 2 and
6120041
The Circle (file system)


The Circle is a peer-to-peer distributed file system written mainly in Python. It is based on the Chord distributed hash table (DHT). Development on the Circle has ceased in 2004. It supports file sharing, instant messaging with buddy lists, the Internet Relay Chat model of sending a message to a channel, and a personalized, trust-based news service. More unusually, it supports: Its DHT implementation is vulnerable to denial of service attacks. From The Circle homepage: The Circle currently runs on
16802097
DCE/RPC


"Network Computing Architecture" which became Network Computing System (NCS) and then a major part of DCE/RPC itself. The naming convention for transports that can be designed (as architectural plugins) and then made available to DCE/RPC echoes these origins, e.g. ncacn_np (SMB Named Pipes transport); ncacn_tcp (DCE/RPC over TCP/IP) and ncacn_http to name a small number. DCE/RPC's history is such that it's sometimes cited as an example of design by committee. It is also
3664520
Fileset


Fileset has several meanings, depending on the context: In the AIX operating system it is the smallest individually installable unit (a collection of files that provides a specific function). DCE/DFS uses the term fileset to define a tree containing directories, files, and mount points (links to other DFS filesets). A DFS fileset is also a unit of administrative control. Properties such as data location, storage quota, and replication are controlled at this level of granularity. The concept of a fileset in DFS is essentially
19413739
Comparison of Linux distributions


, and ext4 are based on the original Linux file system. File systems have been developed by companies to meet their specific needs, by hobbyists, or adapted from Unix, Microsoft Windows, and other operating systems. Linux has full support for XFS and JFS, FAT (the DOS file system), and HFS, the main file system for the Macintosh. Support for Microsoft Windows NT's NTFS file system has been developed and is now comparable with other native Unix file systems. CDs, DVDs, and Blu-ray
16913193
Clustered file system


the network to send data. Distributed file systems can restrict access to the file system depending on access lists or capabilities on both the servers and the clients, depending on how the protocol is designed. The difference between a distributed file system and a distributed data store is that a distributed file system allows files to be accessed using the same interfaces and semantics as local files for example, mounting/unmounting, listing directories, read/write at byte boundaries, system's native permission model. Distributed data stores, by contrast,
22016529
Veritas Cluster File System


The Veritas Cluster File System (or VxCFS) is a cache coherent POSIX compliant shared file system built based upon VERITAS File System. It is distributed with a built-in Cluster Volume Manager (VxCVM) and components of other VERITAS Storage Foundation products - particularly VERITAS Cluster Server, VERITAS File System, and VERITAS Volume Manager. It uses the underlying mechanisms of VERITAS Cluster Server to manage membership and changes in cluster state. The shared file system is available on the following operating systems: IBM AIX, Solaris, Linux, and
17433475
Package manager


. For distributions based on .deb and .rpm files as well as Slackware Linux, there is CheckInstall, and for recipe-based systems such as Gentoo Linux and hybrid systems such as Arch Linux, it is possible to write a recipe first, which then ensures that the package fits into the local package database. Particularly troublesome with software upgrades are upgrades of configuration files. Since package managers, at least on Unix systems, originated as extensions of file archiving utilities, they can usually only either overwrite or retain configuration files, rather
3132908
Multilink Procedure


The MultiLink Procedure (MLP) (Subscription-time selectable option) exists as an added upper sublayer of the Data Link Layer, operating between the Packet Layer and a multiplicity of single data link protocol functions (SLPs) in the Data Link Layer. A MultiLink Procedure (MLP) must perform the functions of accepting packets from the Packet Layer, distributing those packets across the available DCE or DTE SLPs for transmission to the DTE or DCE SLPs, respectively, and resequencing the packets received from the DTE or DCE SLPs for delivery
3775893
Distributed Computing Environment


share resources with each other. All principals from external cells are treated as "foreign" users and privileges can be awarded or removed accordingly. In addition to this, specific users or groups can be assigned privileges on any DCE resource, something which is not possible with the traditional UNIX filesystem, which lacks ACL's. Major components of DCE within every cell are: Modern DCE implementations such as IBM's are fully capable of interoperating with Kerberos as the security server, LDAP for the CDS and the Network Time Protocol implementations for
4584223
Comparison of distributed file systems


In computing, a distributed file system (DFS) or network file system is any file system that allows access to files from multiple hosts sharing via a computer network. This makes it possible for multiple users on multiple machines to share files and storage resources. Distributed file systems differ in their performance, mutability of content, handling of concurrent writes, handling of permanent or temporary loss of nodes or storage, and their policy of storing content. Some researchers have made a functional and experimental analysis of several distributed file systems including HDFS
16239404
Global file system


In computer science, global file system has historically referred to a distributed virtual name space built on a set of local file systems to provide transparent access to multiple, potentially distributed, systems. These global file systems had the same properties such as blocking interface, no buffering etc. but guaranteed that the same path name corresponds to the same object on all computers deploying the filesystem. Also called distributed file systems these file systems rely on redirection to distributed systems, therefore latency and scalability can affect file access depending on where the target
7928322
Distributed file system for cloud


Some examples include: MapR File System (MapR-FS), Ceph-FS, Fraunhofer File System (BeeGFS), Lustre File System, IBM General Parallel File System (GPFS), and Parallel Virtual File System. MapR-FS is a distributed file system that is the basis of the MapR Converged Platform, with capabilities for distributed file storage, a NoSQL database with multiple APIs, and an integrated message streaming system. MapR-FS is optimized for scalability, performance, reliability, and availability. Its file storage
19138392
IBM System/36


a System/38-style logical file which is built with conditions to filter records from the parent. In 1986, System/36 announced support for Distributed Data Management Architecture (DDM). This enabled System/36 programs to create, manage, and access record-oriented files on remote System/36, System/38, and IBM mainframe systems running CICS. It also enabled programs on remote System/36 and System/38 computers to create, access, and manage files on a System/36. The initial record-oriented file models defined by DDM were based on the System/36 file system. When
17913677
Xunlei


to migrate applications from other blockchain platforms. ThunderChain File System (TCFS), based on Xunlei's proprietary distributed technology and millions of shared computing nodes, is a distributed file system for data storage and authorized distribution. It is built specifically for blockchain platforms including ThunderChain and other platforms. Blockchain developers and enterprises can build decentralized applications (DApps) with distributed data storage and integration, possessing the improved capabilities in openness, transparency, non-temper ability, traceability, reliability, security and encryption, mass storage and authorization. Xunlei
22123960
CFS (file format)


Compact File Set (CFS) is an open archive file format and software distribution container file format. The Compact File Set (CFS) is an open archive file format and software distribution container file format. Basic CFS files are compatible with ISO files. It is intended to be similar enough to ISO-9660 that many systems and applications will be able to read CFS, and other applications will require only minor modifications. It is based on: It is available for use in free or commercial applications without charge. It is supposed that
8266214
Microsoft SmartScreen


an updated version of installation or binary files over the internet. Whenever an updated version is released, SmartScreen responds by stating that the file is not commonly downloaded and can therefore install harmful files on your system. This can be fixed by the author digitally signing the distributed software. Reputation is then based not only on a file's hash but on the signing certificate as well. A common distribution method for authors to bypass SmartScreen warnings is to pack their installation program (for example Setup.exe) into a ZIP-archive and distribute
21838970
EXOFS


EXOFS (formerly known as OSDFS) is an object-based file system implemented on top of an external object store. Its name stands for "EXtended Object File System" referring to its use of ext2-based metadata and object storage devices. Exofs was originally developed by Avishay Traeger for IBM HRL and was originally based on the ext2 file system. Since 2008, Panasas develops and maintains Exofs on open-osd.org. Exofs has been included in the mainline Linux kernel since version 2.6.30-rc1, but no Linux distribution implemented this with a utility for making
8136253
Drum Corps Europe


Drum Corps Europe (DCE) is a governing body for all-age drum and bugle corps based in Biddinghuizen, Netherlands. DCE coordinates the European Music Games, including the annual European Championships, in cooperation with strategic partners from the United Kingdom, Ireland, and Germany. DCE also hosts the Dutch Music Games which were previously hosted by the defunct Drum Corps Nederland (DCN). The DCE European Championships have been hosted at Parkstad Limburg Stadion in Kerkrade since 2008. DCE was reorganized in 2018 following a brief closure in 2017
16797971
List of Linux distributions


This page provides general information about notable Linux distributions in the form of a categorized list. Distributions are organized into sections by the major distribution they are based on, or the package management system they are based around. Red Hat Linux and SUSE Linux were the original major distributions that used the .rpm file format, which is today used in several package management systems. Both of these were later divided into commercial and community-supported distributions. Red Hat Linux was divided into a community-supported but Red Hat-sponsored distribution named
22127542
K computer


. Users can create application programs adapted to either a one-, two-, or three-dimensional torus network. The system adopts a two-level local/global file system with parallel/distributed functions, and provides users with an automatic staging function for moving files between global and local file systems. Fujitsu developed an optimized parallel file system based on Lustre, called the Fujitsu Exabyte File System (FEFS), which is scalable to several hundred petabytes. Although the K computer reported the highest total power consumption of any 2011 TOP500
18485672
Cuneiform (programming language)


while offering the generality of a functional programming language. Cuneiform is implemented in distributed Erlang. If run in distributed mode it drives a POSIX-compliant distributed file system like Gluster or Ceph (or a FUSE integration of some other file system, e.g., HDFS). Alternatively, Cuneiform scripts can be executed on top of HTCondor or Hadoop. Cuneiform is influenced by the work of Peter Kelly who proposes functional programming as a model for scientific workflow execution. In this, Cuneiform is distinct from related workflow languages based on dataflow programming
15889851
Shortcut (computing)


when created, point to specific files or folders, they may break if the target is moved to another location. When a shortcut file that points to a nonexistent target is opened, Explorer will attempt to repair the shortcut. Windows 9x-based versions of Windows use a simple search algorithm to fix broken shortcuts. On Windows NT-based operating systems and the NTFS file system, the target object's unique identifier is stored in the shortcut file and Windows can use the "Distributed Link Tracking" service for tracking the targets
178079
Distributed file system for cloud


be upgraded, replaced, and added to the system. Files can also be dynamically created, deleted, and appended. That leads to load imbalance in a distributed file system, meaning that the file chunks are not distributed equitably between the servers. Distributed file systems in clouds such as GFS and HDFS rely on central or master servers or nodes (Master for GFS and NameNode for HDFS) to manage the metadata and the load balancing. The master rebalances replicas periodically: data must be moved from one DataNode/chunkserver to another
19138378
EigenTrust


EigenTrust algorithm is a reputation management algorithm for peer-to-peer networks, developed by Sep Kamvar, Mario Schlosser, and Hector Garcia-Molina. The algorithm provides each peer in the network a unique global trust value based on the peer's history of uploads and thus aims to reduce the number of inauthentic files in a P2P network. It has been cited by approximately 3853 other articles according to Google Scholar. Peer-to-peer systems available today (like Gnutella) are open, often anonymous and lack accountability.
16538326
IBM DISOSS


IBM Distributed Office Support System, or DISOSS is a centralized document distribution and filing application for IBM's mainframe computers running the MVS and VSE operating systems. Its counterpart under VM is PROFS. DISOSS ran under both the CICS transaction processing system and the IMS/DS transaction processing system, and later versions used the SNADS architecture of peer to peer communication for distributed services. DISOSS provided document library function with search and retrieval controlled by security based on user ID, along with document translation based on Document Interchange Architecture (DIA) and
11446899
List of file systems


metadata servers. Distributed file systems are also called network file systems. Many implementations have been made, they are location dependent and they have access control lists (ACLs), unless otherwise stated below. Distributed fault-tolerant replication of data between nodes (between servers or servers/clients) for high availability and offline (disconnected) operation. Distributed parallel file systems stripe data over multiple servers for high performance. They are normally used in high-performance computing (HPC). Some of the distributed parallel file systems use object
1377440
Android application package


Android Package (APK) is the package file format used by the Android operating system for distribution and installation of mobile apps and middleware. APK files are analogous to other software packages such as APPX in Microsoft Windows or a Debian package in Debian-based operating systems. To make an APK file, a program for Android is first compiled, and then all of its parts are packaged into one container file. An APK file contains all of a program's code (such as .dex files), resources, assets, certificates
18953569
System File Checker


than Service Pack 4 overrode patches distributed by Microsoft; this was rectified in Windows 2000 Service Pack 4. In Windows NT-based operating systems, System File Checker can be invoked via Windows Command Prompt (with Admin privilege), with the following command: or If it finds a problem, it will attempt to replace the problematic files from the "DLL Cache" (codice_5). If the file is not in the DLL Cache or the DLL Cache is corrupted, the user will be prompted to insert the Windows installation
21323004
Distributed Codec Engine


Distributed Codec Engine (DCE) is an API and its implementation as software library (""libdce"") by Texas Instruments. The library was released under the Revised BSD License and some additional terms. It enables and provides remote access to hardware acceleration for audio and video decoding on the IVA-HD in OMAP4-based platforms via a syslink/rcm shim layer accessing the OMAP's Codec Engine API codec interface on the co-processor (Ducati/M3) from the host under Linux without needing OpenMAX. The "Ducati
19414828
Distributed file system for cloud


suffering from potentially low availability and poor scalability. Using multiple servers does not solve the availability problem since each server is working independently. The model of NFS is a remote file service. This model is also called the remote access model, which is in contrast with the upload/download model: The file system used by NFS is almost the same as the one used by Unix systems. Files are hierarchically organized into a naming graph in which directories and files are represented by nodes. A cluster-based architecture ameliorates some of
19138373
Distributed operating system


node performance and is responsible for shifting activity across nodes when the system is out of balance. One load balancing function is picking a process to move. The kernel may employ several selection mechanisms, including priority-based choice. This mechanism chooses a process based on a policy such as 'newest request'. The system implements the policy Systems resources such as memory, files, devices, etc. are distributed throughout a system, and at any given moment, any of these nodes may have light to idle workloads. "
16326022
Debian build toolchain


The Debian build toolchain is a collection of software utilities used to create Debian source packages (codice_1) and Debian binary packages (codice_2 files) from upstream source tarballs. These tools are used in the Debian project and also in Debian-based distributions such as Ubuntu. Source code for free software is typically distributed in compressed tar archives called tarballs. Debian is a binary-oriented distribution, meaning that its codice_3 packages include precompiled binaries and data files arranged into a file system hierarchy that the software expects. The Debian build toolchain
9323048
Distributed Computing Environment


Like the OSI model, DCE has not seen much success in practical implementation; however, its underlying concepts have had more substantial influence over subsequent efforts. Open Software Foundation (OSF) came about to a large degree as part of the Unix wars of the 1980s. After Sun Microsystems and AT&T Corporation worked together to produce UNIX System V Release 4 (SVR4) and refused to commit to fair and open licensing of Unix source code, many of the other Unix vendors felt their own market opportunities were unduly disadvantaged. The Distributed
4584216
Torrent file


In the BitTorrent file distribution system, a torrent file or METAINFO is a computer file that contains metadata about files and folders to be distributed, and usually also a list of the network locations of trackers, which are computers that help participants in the system find each other and form efficient distribution groups called "swarms". A torrent file does not contain the content to be distributed; it only contains information about those files, such as their names, sizes, folder structure, and cryptographic hash values for verifying file integrity.
80635
XFS


XFS is a high-performance 64-bit journaling file system created by Silicon Graphics, Inc (SGI) in 1993. It was the default file system in SGI's IRIX operating system starting with its version 5.3. XFS was ported to the Linux kernel in 2001; as of June 2014, XFS is supported by most Linux distributions, some of which use it as the default file system. XFS excels in the execution of parallel input/output (I/O) operations due to its design, which is based on allocation
15393590
Parallel Virtual File System


look up which server holds the dataspace based on the handle. A dataspace has two components: a bytestream and a set of key/value pairs. The bytestream is an ordered sequence of bytes, typically used to hold file data, and the key/value pairs are typically used to hold metadata. The object-based design has become typical of many distributed file systems including Lustre, Panasas, and pNFS. PVFS is designed so that a client can access a server for metadata once, and then can access the data
19504802
Distributed file system for cloud


capability is compatible with the Apache Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS) API but with several design characteristics that distinguish it from HDFS. Among the most notable differences are that MapR-FS is a fully read/write filesystem with metadata for files and directories distributed across the namespace, so there is no NameNode. Ceph-FS is a distributed file system that provides excellent performance and reliability. It answers the challenges of dealing with huge files and directories, coordinating the activity of thousands of disks, providing parallel access to metadata on
19138393
Clustered file system


which a DDM server program interprets the messages and uses the file system interfaces of that computer to locate and interact with the specified file. Distributed file systems may aim for "transparency" in a number of aspects. That is, they aim to be "invisible" to client programs, which "see" a system which is similar to a local file system. Behind the scenes, the distributed file system handles locating files, transporting data, and potentially providing other features listed below. The Incompatible Timesharing System used virtual devices
22016531
Distributed File System (Microsoft)


Distributed File System (DFS) is a set of client and server services that allow an organization using Microsoft Windows servers to organize many distributed SMB file shares into a distributed file system. DFS has two components to its service: Location transparency (via the namespace component) and Redundancy (via the file replication component). Together, these components improve data availability in the case of failure or heavy load by allowing shares in multiple different locations to be logically grouped under one folder, the "DFS root". Microsoft's DFS
12046561
AmigaGuide


AmigaGuide is a hypertext document file format designed for the Amiga. Files are stored in ASCII so it is possible to read and edit a file without the need for special software. Since Workbench 2.1 an Amiga Guide system for O.S. inline help files and reading manuals with hypertext formatting elements was launched in AmigaOS and based on a viewer called simply "AmigaGuide" and it has been included as standard feature on the Amiga system. Users with earlier versions of Workbench could view the files by downloading the program and library AmigaGuide 34 distributed with
1619174
Distributed file system for cloud


distributed as uniformly as possible while reducing the movement cost as much as possible. Google, one of the biggest internet companies, has created its own distributed file system, named Google File System (GFS), to meet the rapidly growing demands of Google's data processing needs, and it is used for all cloud services. GFS is a scalable distributed file system for data-intensive applications. It provides fault-tolerant, high-performance data storage a large number of clients accessing it simultaneously. GFS uses MapReduce, which
19138380
Puppy Linux


community, until Kauler retired in 2013. The tool Woof can build a Puppy Linux distribution from the binary packages of other Linux distributions. Barry Kauler started Puppy Linux in response to a trend of other distributions becoming stricter on system requirements over time. His own distribution, with an emphasis on speed and efficiency and being lightweight, started from "Boot disk HOWTO" and gradually included components file-by-file until Puppy Linux was completed. Puppy Linux started as Vector Linux based until it became a fully independent distribution. Puppy
18825836
Moose File System


Moose File System (MooseFS) is an Open-source, POSIX-compliant distributed file system developed by Core Technology. MooseFS aims to be fault-tolerant, highly available, highly performing, scalable general-purpose network distributed file system for data centers. Initially proprietary software, it was released to the public as open source on May 30, 2008. Currently two editions of MooseFS are available: The MooseFS follows similar design principles as Fossil (file system), Google File System, Lustre or Ceph. The file system
20855001
OneFS distributed file system


The OneFS File System is a parallel distributed networked file system designed by Isilon Systems and is the basis for the "Isilon Scale-out Storage Platform". The OneFS file system is controlled and managed by the OneFS Operating System, a FreeBSD variant. All data structures in the OneFS file system maintain their own protection information. This means in the same filesystem, one file may be protected at +1 (basic parity protection) while another may be protected at +4 (resilient to four failures) while yet another file may be
4648466
Clustered file system


InfiniBand. There are different architectural approaches to a shared-disk filesystem. Some distribute file information across all the servers in a cluster (fully distributed). Others utilize a centralized metadata server. Both achieve the same result of enabling all servers to access all the data on a shared storage device. "Distributed file systems" do not share block level access to the same storage but use a network protocol. These are commonly known as "network file systems", even though they are not the only file systems that use
22016528
Comparison of Linux distributions


about the distributions: creator or producer, release date, the latest version, etc. Linux distributions endorsed by the Free Software Foundation are marked 100% Free under the System distribution commitment column. The table below shows the default file system, but many Linux distributions support some or all of ext2, ext3, ext4, Btrfs, ReiserFS, Reiser4, JFS, XFS, GFS2, OCFS2, and NILFS. It is possible to install Linux onto most of these file systems. The ext file systems, namely ext2, ext3
16913192
Distributed file system for cloud


A distributed file system for cloud is a file system that allows many clients to have access to data and supports operations (create, delete, modify, read, write) on that data. Each data file may be partitioned into several parts called chunks. Each chunk may be stored on different remote machines, facilitating the parallel execution of applications. Typically, data is stored in files in a hierarchical tree, where the nodes represent directories. There are several ways to share files in a distributed architecture: each solution must be
19138366
Ceph (software)


and file names of the file system to objects stored within RADOS clusters. The metadata server cluster can expand or contract, and it can rebalance the file system dynamically to distribute data evenly among cluster hosts. This ensures high performance and prevents heavy loads on specific hosts within the cluster. Clients mount the POSIX-compatible file system using a Linux kernel client. An older FUSE-based client is also available. The servers run as regular Unix daemons. Ceph was initially created by Sage Weil for his doctoral dissertation, which was
9459042
Floppy disk format


more tracks or sectors per track to accommodate slightly more data. Some floppy-based Linux distributions utilize such techniques. For comparison purposes, formatted capacities given in this section assume standard disk geometries as they are supported by common operating systems in their default configuration. The maximum "usable" capacity is file-system and configuration specific and always lower than the formatted capacity, since the file system occupies a number of the available sectors for control structures as well. Most floppy disks used by PCs use the FAT12 file system format,
3333576
Attribute-based access control


data at the table, column, field, cell and sub-cell using logical controls with filtering conditions and masking based on attributes. Attributes can be data, user, session or tools based to deliver the greatest level of flexibility in dynamically granting/denying access to a specific data element. On big data, and distributed file systems such as Hadoop, ABAC applied at the data layer control access to folder, sub-folder, file, sub-file and other granular. Attribute-based access control can also be
21673348
XtreemFS


XtreemFS is an object-based, distributed file system for wide area networks. XtreemFS' outstanding feature is full (all components) and real (all failure scenarios, including network partitions) fault tolerance, while maintaining POSIX file system semantics. Fault-tolerance is achieved by using Paxos-based lease negotiation algorithms and is used to replicate files and metadata. SSL and X.509 certificates support make XtreemFS usable over public networks. XtreemFS has been under development since early 2007. A first public release was made in August 2008. XtreemFS
4326277
Distributed Data Management Architecture


Distributed Data Management Architecture (DDM) is IBM's open, published software architecture for creating, managing and accessing data on a remote computer. DDM was initially designed to support record-oriented files; it was extended to support hierarchical directories, stream-oriented files, queues, and system command processing; it was further extended to be the base of IBM's Distributed Relational Database Architecture (DRDA); and finally, it was extended to support data description and conversion. Defined in the period from 1980 to 1993, DDM
6907126
Grid file system


(transmitting the files) would be the "file data" component. An RSS feed like mechanism could be utilized by file table nodes to indicate when new files are added to the table, to instigate replication and other similar components. A file system may incorporate similar technology (distributed replication, distributed data request/fulfillment). If both such systems (file table, and file data) were capable of being addressed as a single entity (i.e. using virtual nodes in a cluster), then growth into such a system
4006482
HAL Computer Systems


closed by Fujitsu, known as the SPARC64 V. Fujitsu would later develop a microprocessor with the same name. HAL Software Systems was HAL's software division. Their first product was a Distributed Computing Environment (DCE) management tool. Later products, introduced in March 1994, included the Olias Browser, Olias Build Tools, Olias Remote Information Broker, and Olias Filter Development Kit. These products were for browsing and managing Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML) and World Wide Web documents and relational databases. In mid-1996, Fujitsu had HAL
11581473
RPM Package Manager


RPM Package Manager (RPM) (originally Red Hat Package Manager; now a recursive acronym) is a free and open-source package management system. The name RPM refers to file format and the package manager program itself. RPM was intended primarily for Linux distributions; the file format is the baseline package format of the Linux Standard Base. Although it was created for use in Red Hat Linux, RPM is now used in many Linux distributions. It has also been ported to some other operating systems, such as Novell NetWare
18762028
Passwd


can also be used to change passwords managed in a distributed authentication mechanism such as NIS, Kerberos, or LDAP. The codice_1 file is a text-based database of information about users that may log into the system or other operating system user identities that own running processes. In many operating systems this file is just one of many possible back-ends for the more general passwd name service. The file's name originates from one of its initial functions as it contained the data used to verify passwords of user accounts. However
19659908
Execute in place


, while flash based file systems often aim to distribute data into sectors of the flash chip that have the least erase cycles and even out the wear on the chip, prolonging its lifetime. All these complications and the speed tradeoff mean that XIP is generally only used for first stage bootloaders or when memory is in extremely short supply. A relatively new file system for Linux, called AXFS ("Advanced XIP File System"), aims to overcome some of the shortcomings associated with XIP, especially in regard to the in-
19766888
InterPlanetary File System


InterPlanetary File System (IPFS) is a protocol and network designed to create a content-addressable, peer-to-peer method of storing and sharing hypermedia in a distributed file system. Similar to a torrent, IPFS allows users to not only receive but host content. As opposed to a centrally located server IPFS is built around a decentralized system of user-operators who hold a portion of the overall data, creating a resilient system of file storage and sharing. IPFS is a peer-to-peer distributed file system
19168737
InterMezzo (file system)


InterMezzo was a distributed file system written for the Linux kernel, distributed under the GNU General Public License. It was included in the standard Linux kernel from version 2.4.15 but was dropped from version 2.6. InterMezzo is designed to work on top of an existing journaling file system such as ext3, JFS, ReiserFS or XFS. It was developed around 1999. An InterMezzo system consists of a server, which holds the master copy of the file system, and one or more clients with a cache of the file system. It works
3656310
SME Server


SME Server (formerly known as e-smith) is a Linux distribution based on CentOS offering an operating system for computers used as web, file, email and database servers. It employs a comprehensive UI for all management-related tasks and is extensible through templates. The letters SME stand for Small to Medium Enterprise, as that is the target market of the software. One of the most notable features of this distribution is its template system. SME Server 9.1 is based on CentOS 6.7 which is based on Red Hat Enterprise
12458275
Null modem


"Data Carrier Detect" (DCD) signal: The original application of a null modem was to connect two teleprinter terminals directly without using modems. As the RS-232 standard was adopted by other types of equipment, designers needed to decide whether their devices would have DTE-like or DCE-like interfaces. When an application required that two DTEs (or two DCEs) needed to communicate with each other, then a null modem was necessary. Null modems were commonly used for file transfer between computers, or remote operation. Under
1210305
Lex (software)


could also generate a lexer in Ratfor. Though originally distributed as proprietary software, some versions of Lex are now open source. Open source versions of Lex, based on the original AT&T code are now distributed as a part of open source operating systems such as OpenSolaris and Plan 9 from Bell Labs. One popular open source version of Lex, called flex, or the "fast lexical analyzer", is not derived from proprietary coding. The structure of a Lex file is intentionally similar to that of a yacc file; files
15659537
Distributed file system for cloud


level processes running on top of a standard operating system (Linux in the case of GFS). Google File System (GFS) and Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS) are specifically built for handling batch processing on very large data sets. For that, the following hypotheses must be taken into account: Load balancing is essential for efficient operation in distributed environments. It means distributing work among different servers, fairly, in order to get more work done in the same amount of time and to serve clients faster. In a
19138376
Self-certifying File System


In computing, Self-certifying File System (SFS) is a global and decentralized, distributed file system for Unix-like operating systems, while also providing transparent encryption of communications as well as authentication. It aims to be the universal distributed file system by providing uniform access to any available server, however, the usefulness of SFS is limited by the low deployment of SFS clients. It was developed in the June 2000 doctoral thesis of David Mazières. The SFS client daemon implements the Sun's Network File System (NFS)
14845438