Rafinesque's big-eared bat [SEP] IUCN conservation status
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Rafinesque's big-eared bat


Rafinesque's big-eared bat ("Corynorhinus rafinesquii"), sometimes known as the southeastern big-eared bat, is a species of vesper bat native to the southeastern United States. As its name implies, this species has large ears that are over an inch long. The genus name "Corynorhinus" means "club-nosed." Similar to the Townsend's big-eared bat, this species has two lumps on either side of its nose. Rafinesque's big eared bat is a medium-sized bat with
20261871
Rafinesque's big-eared bat


found in abandoned buildings, under bridges, in wells, and in caves. While listed as least concern by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (previously listed as vulnerable), Rafinesque's big-eared bats are listed as a Candidate II Species of Concern by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Additionally, it is listed as threatened by state agencies throughout most of its range. White nose syndrome is a serious disease caused by a fungal pathogen that has devastated several species of bats in the eastern United States.
20261875
Rafinesque's big-eared bat


throughout its range, this species is found in a variety of habitats from coastal plains, riparian areas, to mountainous areas like the Great Smoky Mountains National Park. In all cases, these bats are associated with large swathes of relatively mature forest. Rafinesque's big-eared bats, like all bats in the southeastern United States, are insectivorous, nocturnal, and locate food primarily by echolocation. They consume a wide range of insects, including mosquitoes, beetles, and flies, although moths make up 90% of the diet
20261873
Rafinesque's big-eared bat


. Insects can be caught by gleaning (e.g., from foliage or cave walls) or on the wing (i.e., aerial hawking). Due to seasonality, geographical location, and frequent roost-switching, "C. rafinesquii" can be found in a variety of locations. Tree roosts may be in living or dead trees but are usually quite large (one study reported average diameter at breast height of tree roosts to be 79 cm with a height of 18.5m). Rafinesque's big-eared bats can also be
20261874
Rafinesque's big-eared bat


a length of about and a wingspan of . These bats range in mass from . The bat is gray on the dorsal side and white on the underside. The ears and face are a pinkish-brown color while the forearm and wing membrane is dark brown. Some sources report maximum lifespan as 10 years, although robust data are lacking. More research has been done on the closely related Townsend's big-eared bat and estimates for this species' lifespan range from 16 up to 30 years in the wild. While uncommon
20261872
Southern big-eared brown bat


The southern big-eared brown bat ("Histiotus magellanicus") is a species of bat from the family Vespertilionidae. Although current taxonomy treats the southern big-eared brown bat as a separate species, it is often treated as a subspecies of the small big-eared brown bat. It lives in the forests of southern Argentina and Chile; though the population of the bat in the southern part of its habitat is low, there are no major concerns to justify anything lower than a Least Concern rating in the IUCN Red
481694
Southern forest bat


Australian bats reported this highly energetic species, along with wattled bats "Chalinolobus morio" and "Chalinolobus gouldii", had the greatest manoeuvrability. They occur in colonies of up to one hundred individuals, and recorded in association with "Chalinolobus morio", lesser long-eared "Nyctophilus geoffroyi" and south-eastern freetail bat. A single birth occurs after a three month gestation period. The conservation status, as "Eptisicus regulus", was assessed in IUCN 2003 red list as 'lower concern', and in 2008
20329512
Ozark big-eared bat


their sperm during the wintertime and at the end of hibernation, pregnancy occurs. Further reinforcing their fragile state, Ozark big-eared bats give birth to a single offspring. Because of their low birth rate, these mammals can easily become over-exploited. Young bats grow quite rapidly and are capable of flight at three weeks, and by six weeks, they are weaned from the mother. Concern about the conservation status of bats is developing, as many species of bats are increasingly affected by humans. Bats face multiple threats
12578998
Spectral bat


-threatened species by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). The spectral bat was described in 1758 by Swedish zoologist Carl Linnaeus. The holotype was collected in South America by Daniel Rolander. Linnaeus assigned it to the genus "Vespertilio", which he classified as a kind of primate. Its species name ""spectrum"" is from Latin meaning "apparition" or "specter." The genus "Vampyrum" was not described until 1815 by Constantine Samuel Rafinesque. The genus and species names were not
5424860
Canary big-eared bat


The Canary big-eared bat ("Plecotus teneriffae"), also known as the Tenerife long-eared bat is a species of vesper bat endemic to the Canary Islands. According to the IUCN, it is vulnerable to the risk of extinction. The species is primarily found in woodland habitat at elevations between 100 and 2300 m. It feeds mainly on moths. Roosting sites include caves, lava tubes and abandoned buildings. It was described as a new species in 1907 by British mammalogist Gerald Edwin Hamilton Barrett-Hamilton. He
20261876
Sauta Cave National Wildlife Refuge


Sauta Cave National Wildlife Refuge. The Sauta Cave NWR protects several endangered species of bat include the gray and Indiana bats. In the summer of 1997, more than 200,000 gray bats were counted at the cave. Other species that live in the cave include the Tennessee cave salamander ("Gyrinophilus palleucus"), the Rafinesque's big-eared bat ("Corynorhinus rafinesquii"), and the cave salamander ("Eurycea lucifuga"). The refuge also contains the federally endangered Price's potato bean. There are two entrances
11728228
Lord Howe long-eared bat


and widespread in southeast Australia and Tasmania. It is presumed extinct (EPBC Act 1999; van Dyck & Strahan, 2008), or if still extant, then critically endangered at state and international listings (Jackson & Groves, 2015; IUCN, 2008). Due to its current conservation status, the species is identified by the Alliance for Zero Extinction as in danger of imminent extinction. Actions benefiting the conservation of the species include the eradication of the owl introduced to control the rat irruption, although later surveys to locate the
20261928
Big-eared brown bat


fur is whitish. The flight membranes and ears are the darkest parts of its body. It is found in South America, where its range includes Argentina, Chile, and Paraguay. One study published that the species was found in Peru, though the image of the specimen did not appear to show the big-eared brown bat. It has been documented at a range of elevations from above sea level. As of 2016, it is evaluated as a least-concern species by the IUCN. It meets the criteria for
20261670
New Zealand greater short-tailed bat


was not considered a priority for conservation effort and is believed to have subsequently become extinct, last seen in 1965. More recently, eyewitness reports of bats from Taukihepa/Big South Cape Island and nearby Putauhina Island have spurred new searches for this species. In 1999 an expedition to the islands recorded unusual “mystacinid-like” echolocation calls on Putauhina Island but no bats were seen or caught on this or a subsequent expedition in 2009. As a result of this evidence the IUCN status of the species, formerly listed as extinct
4599532
Piney Woods


have found niches in sloughs. Hardy species of prickly pear cactus and yucca can be found both in the forests and wetlands. The indigenous Texas trailing phlox ("Phlox nivalis texensis"), an endangered species, grows in the sandy soils of longleaf pine forests. Mammals such as eastern cottontail rabbits, eastern gray squirrels, Virginia opossums, nine-banded armadillos, white-tailed deer, North American cougars, gray foxes, bobcats, ring-tailed cats, Rafinesque's big-eared bats, and Seminole bat;
3963449
Southeastern myotis


of about 9-11 inches. Pelage varies from gray to bright orange-brown, with females generally being more brightly colored than the males. Southeastern bats are unique among "Myotis" of the United States in the production of twins; all other "Myotis" females usually produce one baby. This species is occasionally observed roosting with Rafinesque's big-eared bats. The range of this species includes southern Illinois and Indiana in the north, westward into southeastern Oklahoma, western Tennessee and Arkansas, and northeastern Texas, and
9671949
Rodrigues flying fox


a few hundred in total in the wild, and the bat is classified as endangered by the IUCN. The Durrell Wildlife Conservation Trust has undertaken a successful captive breeding program, and there are now colonies in several zoos. Due to its imperiled status, it is identified by the Alliance for Zero Extinction as a species in danger of imminent extinction. In 2013, Bat Conservation International listed this species as one of the 35 species of its worldwide priority list of conservation. In 2017, the IUCN determined that this species now has
11950036
Poinsett State Park


("Rana catesbeiana"), river frogs ("Rana heckscheri"), spring peeper treefrogs ("Pseudacris crucifer"), Carolina anole lizards ("Anolis carolinensis"), five-lined skinks ("Eumeces fasciatus"), yellow-bellied slider turtles ("Trachemys scripta scripta"), banded watersnakes ("Nerodia fasciata"), coachwhip snakes ("Masticophis flagellum"), eastern hognose snakes ("Heterodon platirhinos"), Rafinesque's big-eared bats ("Corynorhinus rafinesquii")
10698932
Andrews Wildlife Management Area


Andrews Wildlife Management Area is located on the Suwannee River, five miles north of Chiefland in Levy County, Florida. The largest continuous tract of old-growth hardwood hammock forest in Florida exists within this 3,582 acre Wildlife Management Area (WMA). The old trees provide homes for flying squirrels, owls, and several bat species including Rafinesque's big-eared bat. North American river otters,Suwannee alligator snapping turtles, and many snake species utilize the cypress/tupelo swamps. Gulf sturgeon can often be seen leaping out of
3855932
Paraguana moustached bat


were elevated from a subspecies to a species in 2008. The status of the bat as a full species was affirmed by genetic sequencing. In their 2008 assessment, the IUCN listed the Paraguana moustached bat as critically endangered. The 2016 assessment, however, downlisted them to endangered. In 2013, Bat Conservation International listed this species as one of the 35 species of its worldwide priority list of conservation. In 2015, Bat Conservation International began fundraising for bat detectors to better survey the critical habitat necessary for the species' survival.
4640840
Canary big-eared bat


he noted that it was similar in appearance to the brown long-eared bat, "Plecotus auritus", but that it had "much larger wings." It is evaluated as vulnerable by the IUCN. It meets the criteria for this designation because its estimated area of occurrence is less than , it is found in fewer than five locations, its population is declining, and it is losing habitat. It is threatened by habitat loss due to deforestation, use of pesticides near forest habitat, and loss of roosting sites due
20261878
Thai horseshoe bat


The Thai horseshoe bat ("Rhinolophus siamensis"), sometimes called the Thai leaf-nosed bat, is a species of bat from the family Rhinolophidae. It is frequently listed as a subspecies of the Big-eared horseshoe bat, but this may be a result of the two species being taken in sympatry in Laos. It is native to China, Laos, Thailand, and Vietnam. The species is listed as Least Concern on the IUCN Red List, as its extent of occurrence is much larger than 20,000 km²,
11272428
Semon's leaf-nosed bat


a prey species of the ghost bat, which is known to consume other bat species in the family Hipposideridae. It is currently evaluated as least concern by the IUCN—its lowest conservation priority. However, it has a more urgent conservation status in Australia. Queensland listed it as endangered under the Nature Conservation Act 1992, while nationally it is listed as vulnerable under the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999. Conservation and management actions recommended in Australia include preventing roost disturbance and destruction. Additionally, there is a stated need to
11898826
List of mammals of South America


listings in the articles for mammalian genera, especially those of small mammals such as rodents or bats. The following tags are used to highlight each species' conservation status as assessed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature; those on the left are used here, those in the second column in some other articles: The IUCN status of all listed species except bats was last updated between March and June 2009; bats were updated in September 2009. The infraclass Metatheria includes all living and extinct marsupials, but also includes some related
18762223
Florida bonneted bat


In 2008, the International Union for Conservation of Nature listed the bat as a Critically Endangered species. In 2016, the IUCN revised its assessment of the bonneted bat as Vulnerable, as there is no estimate on population size, and therefore it does not meet the "Endangered" requirement of fewer than 2,500 mature individuals. The Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission classifies it as an endangered species. Its NatureServe conservation status is critically imperiled. It is also a federally listed species of the United States, as of October 2013.
5684268
D'Arbonne National Wildlife Refuge


numerous creeks, sloughs, and oxbow lakes. Cypress swamps and bottomland hardwood and upland forests provide several types of habitat for native plants and animals. Local species include the American alligator, Rafinesque's big-eared bat, the bald eagle, and the red-cockaded woodpecker. In years of normal or above rainfall, the refuge's bottomland hardwood forest is a very important overflow area for the Ouachita River basin. High water levels, which usually occur between January and May, can flood up to 87% of the refuge
17813916
Big brown bat


from southern Canada and Alaska to as far south as Colombia and Venezuela. It has also been documented in the Caribbean in both the Greater and Lesser Antilles, including Hispaniola, Dominica, Barbados, and the Bahamas. The big brown bat has been documented from above sea level. It is a generalist, capable of living in urban, suburban, or rural environments. The big brown bat is evaluated at the lowest conservation priority by the IUCN—least concern. It meets the criteria for this designation because it has a wide
6912888
Big bonneted bat


The big bonneted bat, or Dabbene's mastiff bat ("Eumops dabbenei") is a species of bat in the family Molossidae, native to South America. It is named for a former conservator at the Buenos Aires National Museum. The big bonneted bat is a relatively large bat species, with adults measuring about in length, and weighing . The tail is thick, and measures about in length. The fur is chestnut or pale grey, and lighter on the animal's underparts. The ears are broad and relatively short
11898561
Common vampire bat


highly polygynous, and dominant adult males defend groups of females. It is one of the most social of bat species with a number of cooperative behaviors such as social grooming and food sharing. Because it feeds on livestock and is a carrier of rabies, the common vampire bat is considered a pest. Its conservation status is categorized as Least Concern by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) because of "its wide distribution, presumed large population tolerance of a degree of habitat modification, and because it is unlikely to
13689134
Ethiopian large-eared roundleaf bat


Phyllorhina"), with a scientific name of "Phyllorrhina megalotis". Its species name ""megalotis"" means "long-eared." It is nocturnal, roosting in sheltered places during the day such as man-made structures. It also possibly uses caves for roosts. It has been found in Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, and Saudi Arabia. It has been found at elevations up to . It is currently assessed as least concern by the IUCN—its lowest conservation priority. It meets the
11898775
Ozark big-eared bat


The Ozark big-eared bat is an endangered species found only in a small number of caves in Arkansas, Oklahoma and Missouri, the southern central United States. Also known as the western big-eared bat, the long-eared bat, and the lump-nosed bat, its appearance is defined by a pair of outsize ears and a lump-adorned nose. The Ozark big-eared bat is the largest and reddest of the five subspecies of "Corynorhinus townsendii" and is medium-sized and weighs from 0.2
12578994
Virginia big-eared bat


The Virginia big-eared bat ("Corynorhinus townsendii virginianus") is one of two endangered subspecies of the Townsend's big-eared bat. It is found in Virginia, West Virginia, North Carolina, and Kentucky. In 1979, the US Fish and Wildlife Service categorized this as an endangered species. There are about 20,000 left and most of them can be found in West Virginia. The Virginia Big-Eared Bat is the state bat of Virginia. The Virginia big-eared bat has light to dark brown fur
20425301
Ethiopian big-eared bat


The Ethiopian big-eared bat or Ethiopian long-eared bat ("Plecotus balensis") is a recently described species of long-eared bat in the family Vespertilionidae. The Ethiopian big-eared bat is a typical medium-size representative of the genus "Plecotus" "sensu stricto" which differs from the widespread Palearctic species grey long-eared bat by its smaller overall size, having a small head, short snout, dark-brownish fur and an absence of any yellow tinges to the fur. The Ethiopian big
20261860
Tasmanian long-eared bat


at long. It has a dental formula of for a total of 30 teeth. The Tasmanian long-eared bat is found throughout Tasmania. The IUCN states that it is absent from southwestern Tasmania, though Parnaby states that its range includes the coastal southwest, though there are few recorded instances in this region. It is founded in forest habitat. As of 2008, it is evaluated as a data deficient species by the IUCN. It meets the criteria for this classification because there is insufficient data to predict its population size or
15555234
Virginia big-eared bat


Virginia Big-Eared Bat had a diet of mainly Lepidoptera (moths) and Coleoptera (beetles), along with spiders, crickets, roaches, flies, ants, wasps and bees. According to "Virginia big-eared bats (Corynorhinus Townsendii Virginianus)", Virginia big-eared bats can be found in isolated populations located in eastern Kentucky, eastern West Virginia, southwestern Virginia, and northwestern North Carolina. They are nonmigratory bats, and live in caves all year round. This subspecies of Townsend's big-eared
20425308
Harrison's large-eared giant mastiff bat


Harrison's large-eared giant mastiff bat ("Otomops harrisoni") is a species of bat found in Northeast Africa and the Arabian Peninsula. It was described as a new species in 2015. The IUCN evaluates it as a vulnerable species. It was described as a result of a taxonomic split in the large-eared free-tailed bat, "Otomops martiensseni". It was split from "O martiensseni" based on morphological and genetic data. It has a genetic distance from "O. martiensseni" of 2.10%
11815873
Great evening bat


the top and grayish on the bottom. Average wingspan is and it typically weighs . Not much is known about its habits and behavior. The bat usually lives in small groups. Its food consists of insects, as with most vesper bats. The great evening bat also sometimes feeds on small birds . The bat leaves its sleeping place already in the late afternoon for the search of food. During the winter months it may migrate to warmer regions. The IUCN lists its conservation status as "Least Concern". One of the
21760451
Ol Pejeta Conservancy


rhino. This means the Conservancy is now a "Key 1" black rhino population on the IUCN African Rhino Specialist Group categorization. It is one of only eight sanctuaries in Africa with this distinction. Other rare animals that can be found on Ol Pejeta include the endangered African wild dog, oryx, Jackson’s hartebeest, Grevy’s zebra, serval, cheetah and bat-eared fox. The more common African wildlife can, of course, be found here too, including giraffes, vervet monkeys, baboons, hippos, impala
4541647
Corynorhinus


The genus Corynorhinus consists of the big-eared bats, or American long-eared bats. Only three species occur in the genus, all occurring in North America. Members of this group were previously in the genus "Plecotus", the long-eared bats, and were also then called lump-nosed bats. Populations of these species are generally uncommon and declining. Two subspecies, the Virginia big-eared bat ("C. t. virginianus") and the Ozark big-eared bat ("C. t. ingens"
9672194
Pryor Mountains Wild Horse Range


species also present). The range is also home to several animals which BLM or the state of Montana considers sensitive to ecological change, such as Baird's sparrow, long-eared myotis (a species of vesper bat), pallid bat, peregrine falcon, spotted bat, Townsend's big-eared bat, and Yellowstone cutthroat trout. There are 15 species of plants on the range which have been granted special status by the state of Montana or the federal government. This herd was the subject of the 1995 documentary film
16532929
Thomas's big-eared brown bat


"φως" meaning "light," possibly referring to an awkward flight in the daylight. The validity of Thomas's big-eared brown bat as a species has been disputed. In the past, it has been regarded as a subspecies of the big-eared brown bat, "H. macrotis". More recently, it has been considered a subspecies of the small big-eared brown bat, "H. montanus". At present, several sources consider it a valid species. Individuals weight approximately . Its ears are
14782995
Big-eared woolly bat


The big-eared woolly bat or (Peter's) woolly false vampire bat ("Chrotopterus auritus") is a species of bat, belonging to the Order Chiroptera and Family Phyllostomidae. The name "Chrotopterus" is derived from Greek roots "ch"ariots (skin, color), and "pteron" (wing). The epithet "auritus" refers to the large ears. Big-eared woolly bats are very large predatory bats, the second largest bat species in the neotropics. Their body mass typically ranges from 75
21681690
Mexican big-eared bat


The Mexican big-eared bat ("Corynorhinus mexicanus") is a species of vesper bat endemic to Mexico. They are nocturnal and insectivorous. Their very large ears are located across their foreheads, and when captured, the bats are observed to curl their ears in a protective manner. The adults are usually brown colored, while the juveniles are usually a smokey brown color. They have small noses. The Mexican big-eared bat endemic to Mexico and known between Sonora and Coahuila in the north and Michoacan Yucatán in the
20261868
Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada


in Canada) and 15 wildlife species that are Extinct (X). The other category is not at risk (NAR). COSEWIC provides online updated status reports on designated species. COSEWIC bases its quantitative criteria for species' status assessment on the revised IUCN Red List, the world's most comprehensive inventory of the global conservation status of biological species. COSEWIC provides International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN), the world's main authority on the conservation status of species, with a Regional Red List. IUCN.
2828846
List of mammals of Central America


the species listings in the articles for mammalian genera, especially those of small mammals such as rodents or bats. The following tags are used to highlight each species' conservation status as assessed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature; those on the left are used here, those in the second column in some other articles: The IUCN status of the listed species was last updated between November 2008 and March 2009. Marsupials are an infraclass of pouched mammals that was once more widely distributed. Today they are found primarily in isolated
18231315
Big-eared horseshoe bat


, known as the Thai horseshoe bat. The big-eared horseshoe bat can be differentiated from other horseshoe bats by its very long ears and a tongue-shaped sella that is long and broad. The big-eared horseshoe bat is found in several countries in South and Southeast Asia including Bangladesh, China, India, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Philippines, Thailand, and Vietnam. As of 2008, its presence was possible but not confirmed in Bhutan. It has been documented at a
11950237
Townsend's big-eared bat


Townsend's big-eared bat ("Corynorhinus townsendii") is a species of vesper bat. Townsend's big-eared bat is a medium-sized bat (7-12 g) with extremely long, flexible ears, and small yet noticeable lumps on each side of the snout. Its total length is around 10 cm (4 in.), its tail being around 5 cm (2 in) Its wingspan is about 28 cm (11 in). The dental formula of "Corynorhinus townsendii" is "
20261879
Ozark big-eared bat


50 °F. The Ozark big-eared bats use caves all year around, thus they are highly susceptible to extinction if their homes vary too greatly in temperature, are disturbed, or are destroyed. The Ozark big-eared bats once lived in caves in Missouri, Arkansas, and Oklahoma. but they have apparently abandoned their Missouri habitat due to human encroachment and cave disturbance. Maternity colonies are located in caves that range in temperature between 50 and 59 °F. Big-eared bats mate in the fall and store
12578997
Black-eared flying fox


The black-eared flying fox, species Pteropus melanotus, is a bat of the family Pteropodidae (megabats). Also known as Blyth's flying fox, it is found on the Andaman Islands and Nicobar Islands (India), and in Sumatra (Indonesia). A population on Christmas Island, which is critically endangered, has been placed as a subspecies of this population. The conservation and taxonomic status of that population was later re-established as a distinct species, the Christmas Island fruit-bat "Pteropus natalis.
11949981
Acuminate horseshoe bat


length is ; its ear length is . It weighs . It is nocturnal, roosting in sheltered places during the day such as inside caves or on the undersides of palm leaves. It roosts in small colonies. It is found in several countries in Southeast Asia, including Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Thailand, and Vietnam. It is currently evaluated as least concern by the IUCN—its lowest conservation priority. It meets the criteria for this assessment because it is a widespread species considered locally common. Its
11950090
Black-eared miner


periods. Little is known of their movements during these periods. Sites identified by BirdLife International as being important for black-eared miner conservation are areas containing relatively intact mallee woodland in north-western Victoria and south-eastern South Australia. They comprise Murray-Sunset, Hattah and Annuello, the Riverland Mallee, and Wyperfeld, Big Desert and Ngarkat. Black-eared miners are listed as endangered on the Australian "Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999". The species' conservation status in the following Australian states follows:
4661193
Ethiopian big-eared bat


specimen was collected from a forest belt dominated by "Schefflera spp" and "Hagenia spp". These bats have been reported to forage in the more open parts of the forest or at the edges of clearings. The Ethiopian big-eared bat was described in 2000 and represents the farthest south that the genus "Plecotus" reaches in Africa, to the south of the two widespread Palearctic species brown long-eared bat "Plecotis auritus" and grey long-eared bat "Plecotus austriacus" . It forms a clade with
20261862
Christie's big-eared bat


Christie's big-eared bat ("Plecotus christii"), also known as the Egyptian long-eared bat or gray long-eared bat, is a species of vesper bat in the family Vespertilionidae. It is endemic to Egypt. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry shrubland, rocky areas, and hot deserts. It was described as a new species in 1838 by John Edward Gray. Gray named it "Plecotus christii." The specimens that Gray used to describe the species were provided to the British Museum
20261864
Virginia big-eared bat


were the first to notice a decline in the number of Virginia big-eared bats in local caves. The population of Virginia big-eared bats was estimated to be between 2,500 and 3,000 individuals in 1976. The cause of the decline is thought to be human sport, including spelunking, and general human disturbance in caves inhabited by the bats, which have lower tolerance to outside activity. The bats could also have been collected as a token for cave researchers because of their unique appearance. Inhabiting mines have been shown to also
20425318
Yellow-throated big-eared bat


The yellow-throated big-eared bat or orange-throated bat("Lampronycteris brachyotis") is a species of bat from South and Central America, where it ranges from southern Mexico to Brazil. It is monotypic within the genus "Lampronycteris". A frugivore and insectivore, it is found in lowland forest up to an elevation of 700 m. Its activity is greatest in the first two hours after sunset, and peaks again after midnight. The yellow-throated big-eared bat is characterized as a "medium-sized" leaf
4381382
Ethiopian big-eared bat


-eared bat is endemic to the Ethiopian highlands where it is currently only known to occur in the upper belts of the Harenna Forest in the Bale Mountains National Park and at Abune Yosef. There are older poorly documented records which may have been collected in other montane forest areas, including possible records from Eritrea, although this specimen may prove to refer to the Christie's big-eared bat "Plecotus christii". The Ethiopian big-eared bat has only ever been recorded as occurring in humid evergreen montane forest. The type
20261861
Tricolored big-eared bat


These roosts consist of a colonies of up to 75 individuals. It is found in several countries in Central and South America. Its range includes: Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, French Guiana, Guyana, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Peru, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, and Venezuela. It is generally found at elevations lower than above sea level, but has been documented up to . As of 2018, it is considered a least-concern species by the IUCN. It meets the criteria
4381381
Grey long-eared bat


lie between 18–45 kHz, have most energy at 28 kHz and have an average duration of 5.8 ms. It is currently listed as least concern by the IUCN—its lowest conservation priority. It meets the criteria for this designation because it has a large geographic range and it is considered relatively common. In most of the countries where it is found, it is protected from intentional harm by legislation. While Continental European distributions are not threatened, a 2013 study found this species was close to extinction in the United Kingdom. One
8947396
Big-eared horseshoe bat


The big-eared horseshoe bat ("Rhinolophus macrotis") is a bat species within the Rhinolophidae native to China, India, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Nepal, Pakistan, the Philippines, Thailand, and Vietnam. The big-eared horseshoe bat was described as a new species in 1844 by English zoologist Edward Blyth. The holotype had been collected by Brian Houghton Hodgson in Nepal. The species name ""macrotis"" is from Ancient Greek "makrós" meaning "long" and "oûs" meaning "
11950235
Yates's big-eared bat


Yates's big-eared bat ("Micronycteris yatesi") is a species of leaf-nosed bat found in Bolivia. Yates's big-eared bat was described as a new species in 2013. The holotype had been collected in February 2007. The eponym for the species name ""yatesi"" is Terry Lamon Yates, "for his pivotal contributions to the knowledge of Bolivian mammals, training Bolivian biologists, and starting collaborations that strengthened mammalian research and shaped current science and field biology in Bolivia." It has
15405573
New Guinea big-eared bat


arrangement within the family Vespertilionidae, the common evening bats, allies this genus to the similar "Nyctophilus", within subfamilial taxon Vespertilioninae as the tribe Nyctophilini, known as the big-eared bats of Australia and New Guinea. Its fur is dark brown; its ears and flight membranes are brown as well. It is similar in appearance to the small-toothed long-eared bat, "Nyctophilus microdon," with which it is sometimes confused. It can be differentiated from "Nyctophilus" species by looking at the skin
4543259
Big-eared mastiff bat


The big-eared mastiff bat ("Otomops papuensis") is a species of bat in the family Molossidae endemic to Papua New Guinea, known from Gulf Province and Oro Province. It is only known from 11 specimens and it is not easy to survey. It forages in rainforest canopy and roosts in tree hollows. It is likely more widespread than currently known but additional research is needed. The big-eared mastiff bat was described as a new species in 1948 by American mammalogist Barbara Lawrence. The holotype had been collected
11899265
Virginia big-eared bat


result in a decrease in population. Deforestation also presents itself as a problem. The Virginia Big-Eared Bat eats a variety of moths, some 45 different species, but 77.8% of those moths grow from larva that are dependent upon woody, forest plants for survival. Destruction of this environment would hurt the bats through both the destruction of habitable areas as well as by lowering of the population of their prey. The Virginia big-eared bat was listed as endangered in December 31, 1979, and five caves in West
20425319
Yellow-throated big-eared bat


-nosed bat. Its ears are short and pointed, and its nose-leaf is relatively small. Its dorsal fur is dark brown or orange brown, and the ventral fur is orange or reddish-yellow. Individual bats weigh and have forearm lengths of . The bat's dental formula is for a total of 34 teeth. The yellow-throated big-eared bat is primarily an insectivore, but it will also consume fruit, nectar, and pollen. It is nocturnal, roosting in sheltered places during the day,
4381383
International Union for Conservation of Nature


Unlike other environmental organisations, IUCN does not itself aim to directly mobilize the general public. Education has been part of IUCN's work program since the early days but the focus is on stakeholder involvement and strategic communication rather than mass-campaigns. IUCN runs field projects for habitat and species conservation around the world. It produces the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species and the IUCN Red List of Ecosystems which in a similar way measures risks to ecosystems. The IUCN Red List of Ecosystems is a global standard to assess the conservation status
13568881
Thomas's big-eared brown bat


Thomas's big-eared brown bat ("Histiotus laephotis") is a species of vesper bat found in South America. Thomas's big-eared brown bat was described as a new species in 1916 by British zoologist Oldfield Thomas. Thomas described the species based off specimens held by the Turin Museum of Natural History that had been collected by "Dr. Borelli", likely Dr. Alfredo Borelli, who furnished many biological specimens during this time from Argentina, Paraguay, and Bolivia. The holotype had been collected in Caiza, Bolivia
14782993
Virginia big-eared bat


Virginia were declared critical habitat for the bat. These caves were closed off to the public. The recovery plan was proposed in 1984. Cave sites preferred by Virginia big-eared bats would be gated off to prevent human disturbance, and colonies would be monitored for population surveys. Specifically, the recovery plan under the Endangered Species Act required the monitoring of population trends with minimally invasive infrared sensors, searching for undocumented caves of importance to Big-Eared Bats, preventing human disturbance of said caves by installing gates and signs, appropriate
20425320
Beijing mouse-eared bat


-brown. In contrast, its belly fur is off-white. It is insectivorous, consuming mostly beetles. During the day, individuals roost in caves, though they may also roost in human structures. The Beijing mouse-eared bat is endemic to China, where it is found in the provinces of Anhui, Beijing, Henan, Jiangsu, Shanxi, and Sichuan. As of 2008, it is evaluated as a least-concern species by the IUCN. It meets the criteria for this classification because its extent of
20329231
New Guinea big-eared bat


gleaning, which means plucking them off of a surface rather than aerial pursuit. The individual captured in 2012 was in a logged lowland rainforest of the Abau District of Papua New Guinea. Its habitat preference is unknown, but possibly includes lowland sclerophyll woodlands or woodlands with patches of rainforest. In 2008, the IUCN classified this species as critically endangered, possibly extinct. At the time, the species had not been definitively encountered since 1890. In 2012, researchers rediscovered the species when they captured an adult female, though at first
4543261
Hispaniolan greater funnel-eared bat


described scientifically in 1902 by Gerrit Miller as "Natulus major". The holotype was the skin and skull of a male preserved in alcohol, which was collected "near Savanata", presumed to mean Sabaneta. The Cuban greater funnel-eared bat ("Natalus primus"), described in 1919, has been considered a subspecies of "N. major": "N. major primus", but is now recognised as a different species by the IUCN. Similarly, "N. major jamaicensis", described in 1959, is
6143826
Madagascar free-tailed bat


The Madagascar free-tailed bat or Malagasy giant mastiff bat ("Otomops madagascariensis") is a species of free-tailed bat formerly included as a subspecies of the large-eared free-tailed bat, but was later considered to be a distinct, endemic Malagasy species. The Madagascar free-tailed bat is endemic to northern, western, and southern Madagascar. The Madagascar free-tailed bat is listed as Least Concern by the IUCN Red List due to its widespread distribution in Madagascar. Threats to it are unclear and
18942945
Tapeti


The tapeti ("Sylvilagus brasiliensis"), also known as the Brazilian cottontail or forest cottontail, is a cottontail rabbit species. Its range extends from southern Mexico to northern Argentina. It is small to medium-sized with a small, dark tail, short hind feet, and short ears. The tapeti's conservation status is classified as "Least Concern" by the IUCN. The species was first described scientifically by Carl Linnaeus in the 10th edition of Systema Naturae, published in 1753. The type locality was in Pernambuco
11780465
Peter Jackson (biologist)


to work with WWF International, Operation Tiger, India's Project Tiger, and conservation programs in Nepal, Thailand and Indonesia. Peter Jackson co-authored and co-edited several publications on big cats and tigers, including "Tiger!" (1994) with Simon Barnes, "Wild Cats: Status Survey and Conservation Action Plan", compiled and edited by Kristin Nowell and Peter Jackson (IUCN 1996), and "Riding the Tiger: Tiger Conservation in Human Dominated Landscapes" (Cambridge University Press 1999). Jackson
12918222
Allen's big-eared bat


Allen's big-eared bat ("Idionycteris phyllotis") is a species of vesper bat in the monotypic genus Idionycteris. It occurs in Mexico and in Arizona, California, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah, and Colorado in the United States. Idionycteris is a bat with large ears, weighing 8 to 16 grams. On the dorsal side they possess long and soft pelage, also referred to as fur. Their fur is basally blackish in color with tips that are a yellow-gray color. Idionycteris, has a
20261890
Christie's big-eared bat


of an inappropriate connecting vowel, are not to be considered inadvertent errors." Because Gray's error was one in latinization, it is unclear if changing the specific epithet is necessary or an unjustified emendation. In 1878, George Edward Dobson published that he considered it synonymous with the brown long-eared bat, "Plecotus auritus". It has pale, whitish fur with dusky tips. The fur of its stomach is white. Its tragus is half as long as its ear. Christies' big-eared bat is endemic
20261866
White-winged vampire bat


of becoming pregnant multiple times a year. They give birth to one pup at a time. They will roost with many other species of bat, including the greater sac-winged bat, lesser dog-like bat, big-eared woolly bat, tailed tailless bat, Seba's short-tailed bat, little yellow-shouldered bat, great fruit-eating bat, white-lined broad-nosed bat, Pallas's long-tongued bat, Handley's nectar bat, white-bellied big-eared bat, greater
13689180
Virginia big-eared bat


that hunting patterns are very varied. They use their sonar to see insects while flying on the edges of the forests where they hunt. They benefit us because they hunt harmful insects. They hunt for insects such as: small moths, beetles, flies, lacewings, bees and wasps. Threats to this species include disturbance from noise, bright lights, and human presence. The Virginia big-eared bat consumes insects, with small moths making up a significant portion of the diet. Virginia big-eared bats are insectivores.
20425305
Virginia big-eared bat


In July, the population and activity levels at night increased drastically, showing that July is the most popular breeding and maternity time. There was a large increase in the movement and switching of roosts in August when it came to the males. However, it is unknown where the males spend the rest of their summer. Over 5,000 Virginia big-eared bats, approximately 40 percent of the species' total population were found hibernating in Stillhouse Cave, in the Daniel Boone National Forest of Kentucky. The Virginia big-eared bat
20425314
Virginia big-eared bat


agencies protecting the caves providing habitat for solitary big-eared bats, preventing changes and damage to essential habitat, developing and maintaining support for species protection, preparing and maintaining a management profile for each colony site to record population and activity, and appointing a coordinator for all recovery and research efforts. A 77% increase in population was recorded in 2009 since an initial report in 1983. The population increase of the Virginia big-eared bat is considered to be a successful revival due to the Endangered Species Act. White-nose
20425321
Northern free-tailed bat


to Johor." Johor is a state in Malaysia; the holotype was collected there. Its ears are large and round. Its tragi are small and squarish in shape. Its ears are connected to each other by a band of tissue called the interaural membrane. As a free-tailed bat, its tail extends beyond the uropatagium. Its dental formula is , for a total of 36 teeth. It is currently listed as vulnerable by the IUCN. It meets the criteria for this designation because its population have declined by more
11898254
Jamaican greater funnel-eared bat


by its "higher, shorter, and more globular braincase, more slender, longer, and flatter rostrum, the sides of which are concave instead of inflated and convex as in major, and by the noticeably narrower inter-orbital space". Their forearms are long. They are buffy in coloration. The Jamaican greater funnel-eared bat" "only is found in St. Clair Cave in Jamaica. The IUCN has categorized the species as Critically Endangered because "its extent of occurrence is less than 100 km², all individuals
12697472
Conservation biology


they sustain. Aldo Leopold was a classical thinker and writer on such conservation ethics whose philosophy, ethics and writings are still valued and revisited by modern conservation biologists. The International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) has organized a global assortment of scientists and research stations across the planet to monitor the changing state of nature in an effort to tackle the extinction crisis. The IUCN provides annual updates on the status of species conservation through its Red List. The IUCN Red List serves as an international conservation tool to identify those
2964152
African savanna hare


Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Tunisia, Uganda, and Zambia. The IUCN has listed its conservation status as being of "least concern". The African savanna hare is a medium-sized species growing to a length of between with a weight of between . The ears have black tips, the dorsal surface of head and body is greyish-brown, the flanks and limbs are reddish-brown and the underparts are white. The general colouring is richer in tone than other hares, especially in mountain regions where the hares
11950972
Tome's spiny rat


Tome's spiny rat ("Proechimys semispinosus"), also known as Tomes' spiny rat or the Central American spiny rat, is a species of spiny rat distributed from Honduras to Ecuador. The IUCN has assessed its conservation status as being of "least concern". Tome's spiny rat is a large rat with a head-and-body length of between and a tail length of between . The head is long and slender, with prominent eyes and narrow erect ears. At night, the eyes reflect a reddish
14586761
Manchurian hare


The Manchurian hare ("Lepus mandshuricus") is a species of hare found in northeastern China and Russia, the Amur River basin, and the higher mountains of northern Korea. It lives in forests and the IUCN has assessed its conservation status as being of "least concern". The adult Manchurian hare weighs about 2 kilograms, and has a body length of , in addition to a tail of . The ears are typically 7.5–10.4 centimeters in length. Compared to the Korean hare, its hind legs are relatively short and its
2571701
Virginia big-eared bat


bats prefer caves made from limestone bedrock. The regions they are found in are usually filled with oak-hickory or beech-maple-hemlock forest. Since Towsend’s big-eared bats are usually found in areas to the West of the Rocky Mountains, it seems that there is a big distance between each subspecies of these bats. According to many scientists, it seems that this separation has been present since the last ice age. It is hard for these bats to find suitable habitats due to their strict requirements when it
20425309
Virginia big-eared bat


depending on age. Their fur is long and soft and the same from its base to its tip. This species is one of the largest cave-dwelling bats in its range, and weighs between 7 and 12 grams. The bat is recognized by its big ears, which are over 2.5 centimeters long. Their ears reach back to half the length of their body when at rest. It also has a globular shaped muzzle and elongated nostrils. Its whole body is 98 millimeters long. The forearms of the bat are anything
20425302
Blackmouth catshark


of its abundance, the blackmouth catshark forms a substantial part of the bycatch of deepwater commercial fisheries across much of its range. It has low economic value and is usually discarded, though the largest sharks may be marketed for meat and leather. The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) has listed this species under Least Concern, as there is no indication that its numbers have declined despite fishing pressure. Constantine Samuel Rafinesque briefly described the blackmouth catshark in his 1810 "Caratteri di alcuni nuovi generi e nuove specie di animali
20320755
Conservation status


use. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species is the best known worldwide conservation status listing and ranking system. Species are classified by the IUCN Red List into nine groups set through criteria such as rate of decline, population size, area of geographic distribution, and degree of population and distribution fragmentation. Also included are species that have gone extinct since 500 CE. When discussing the IUCN Red List, the official term "threatened" is a grouping of three categories: critically endangered, endangered, and vulnerable. The Convention on
12047334
Hispaniolan greater funnel-eared bat


now recognised as records of separate species. For the most part, the species is found in caves, though a record from a hollow tree is also known. Due to the delicate wing membrane, it is assumed that the species requires relatively humid caves for daytime roosting. The Hispaniolan greater funnel-eared bat is insectivorous, like all members of its genus. Individuals are assumed to forage in dense vegetation over a limited range near their preferred roost. No information on reproduction is known. The IUCN has categorised the species as
6143832
Eastern tube-nosed bat


bat was noted by Ronald Strahan as the only vernacular for the species, where the range of species was thought to be restricted, the name eastern tube-nosed bat was later applied by the Australian Museum, Menckhurst, the IUCN and other authorities. A species of Pteropodidae, the fruit eating bats, the only "Nyctimene" bat to occur on mainland Australia. They are readily distinguished by the unusual nostrils that protrude from the short, broad and rounded muzzle. The ears and wing membranes exhibit many small contrasting spots of
8088679
Short-eared rock-wallaby


provide refuge and forage. Speakers of Kunwinjku in West Arnhem Land call the wallaby "badbong", and people would traditionally travel with spears into the escarpment to hunt them. The IUCN "Red List" notes the conservation status of the species was assessed as least concern in 2015. The trajectory of the population is not known. Local extinctions are known to have occurred in the southern range in the Northern Territory, the subpopulation in Western Australia has not been historically surveyed. Altered fire regimes may detrimentally affect local populations of the
18337882
Mexican greater funnel-eared bat


funnel-eared bat, "Natalus stramineus". Per Tejedor 2011, it was revised again to species status in 2006. In 2012, another funnel-eared bat of Mexico, "Natalus lanatus", was synonymized with "Natalus mexicanus", meaning that there is currently only one recognized species of funnel-eared bat in Mexico. It is a small bat, weighing only . Its forearms are long. Its back is a pale orange brown or yellow in color, and its belly is yellow. It has broad
4001836
Chao Phraya River


oscitans"), and other birds such as the wintering black kite ("Milvus migrans"). Endemic mammals that remain are the limestone rat ("Niviventer hinpoon"), Neill's long-tailed giant rat ("Leopoldamys neilli"), and the near-endemic Thailand roundleaf bat ("Hipposideros halophyllus"). The Chao Phraya basin is home to about half a dozen endemic dragonflies and damselflies. The conservation status of most of these in unclear (they are rated as data deficient by the IUCN)
4258926
New Caledonia wattled bat


caledonicus"; the species name refers to New Caledonia where this species is found. It is a small species of bat, with a head and body length of only . Its forearm is long, and its tail is long. Its ears are relatively long, at Its dental formula is , for a total of 32 teeth. It is one of nine species of bat found in New Caledonia. It is among the three species of bat endemic to the territory. It is considered endangered by the IUCN. It meets the
20261710
Big-eared brown bat


The big-eared brown bat ("Histiotus macrotus") is a species of vesper bat found in Argentina, Paraguay, and Chile. It was described as a new species in 1835 by German zoologist Eduard Friedrich Poeppig. Poeppig placed it in the genus "Nycticeius", with a binomial of "N. macrotus". By 1875, it was published under its current name combination, "Histiotus macrotus". It has large ears that exceed in length. The fur on its back is dark brown, while its belly
20261669
Ozarks


National Wildlife Refuge in northeast Oklahoma. Protected areas ensure the recovery of endangered and threatened species of animals and plants, including the Ozark big-eared bat, Indiana bat, eastern small-footed bat, southeastern bat, southeastern big-eared bat; longnose darter, Ozark cavefish, Ozark cave crayfish, Bowman's cave amphipod, Ozark cave amphipod, bat cave isopod; and Ozark chinquapin. It is a habitat of migratory birds and contains geological, archeological, historical, and paleontological resources. Commercial farms and processing operations are
11315882
Common big-eared bat


The common big-eared bat ("Micronycteris microtis") is a bat species from South and Central America. It is a neotropical leaf-nosed bat (a member of the family Phyllostomidae). Recent research has demonstrated this bat's ability to find motionless food within clutter. Echolocating bats discriminate between background and prey based on glints or Doppler shifts in the echo induced by the (wing-)movements of the prey, but "M. microtis" can detect completely motionless prey. The species shares both the leaf-nose formation and
4707137
Nepenthes bicalcarata


level. The conservation status of "N. bicalcarata" is listed as Vulnerable on the 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species based on an assessment carried out in 2000. In 1997, Charles Clarke informally classified the species as Near Threatened based on the IUCN criteria. This agrees with the conservation status assigned to "N. bicalcarata" by the World Conservation Monitoring Centre. The two thorns that give "N. bicalcarata" its name are unique to this species and bear some of the largest nectaries in the plant kingdom. The purpose of
21530642
Atalaya (plant)


underground woody rootstocks. In South Africa three species grow naturally. The scarcity of "A. natalensis" trees and their restricted range has received the global conservation status (IUCN) of "vulnerable D2". "A. capensis" has a global conservation status (IUCN) listing also, of "Lower Risk / conservation dependent" . In Papua New Guinea "A. papuana" grows naturally in coast monsoon dune scrub (coastal rainforests on dune soils that become seasonally dry, with deciduous trees), tropical savanna forests and in regenerating
21745346