Kleinmann's tortoise [SEP] IUCN conservation status
[{"answer": "critically endangered", "provenance": [{"wikipedia_id": "8088830", "title": "Kleinmann's tortoise", "start_paragraph_id": 1, "start_character": 0, "end_paragraph_id": 1, "end_character": 153, "bleu_score": 0.7098232254187811, "meta": {}, "section": "Section::::Abstract."}]}]
Kleinmann's tortoise


see below) and slow DNA sequence evolution rates in "Testudo". It constitutes a locally adapted form, however, and is of distinct appearance. Arguably, it can be considered a subspecies and, as gene flow has ceased, the western and eastern populations must now be managed separately for conservation purposes. Kleinmann's tortoise lives in deserts and semiarid habitats, usually with compact sand and gravel plains, scattered rocks, shallow, sandy wadis, dry woodlands, shrubby areas, and coastal salt marsh habitats. In captivity,
607297
Kleinmann's tortoise


has been all but destroyed, and the Egyptian tortoise is close to complete extinction there. Two populations can still be found in Libya, but much of the coastline habitat has been destroyed because of human activity. Habitat loss and the illegal pet trade are huge issues facing the species; it is also hunted locally for use in folk medicine. The population is still on the decline, and the risk of extinction in the wild is very real if habitat degradation and illegal trade continue at their present rate. On the IUCN Redlist
607300
Kleinmann's tortoise


, Kleinmann's tortoise is classified as CR A2abcd+3d. Less than three "Testudo" generations ago, an estimated 55-56,000 adult Kleinmann's tortoises existed. Today, about 7,500 remain, and decline due to habitat destruction and unsustainable exploitation appears to be ongoing. While the former threat is believed to be alleviated, illegal pet trade is feared to have reduced the population to maybe 1,000 adult tortoises in the two or three remaining subpopulations. Given that "T. kleinmanni" is a slow-maturing, long-lived species with
607301
Kleinmann's tortoise


Kleinmann's tortoise ("Testudo kleinmanni" ), often called the Egyptian tortoise and occasionally Leith's tortoise, is a critically endangered species of neck-hiding tortoise in the family Testudinidae. The species is endemic to Egypt and Libya. The species was once more widespread, but its numbers are now dwindling. The species is nearly extinct in Egypt, and complete extinction in the wild is a looming threat unless more actions are taken to protect this species. The specific name, "kleinmanni", is in honor of ,
607293
Kleinmann's tortoise


a French stockbroker who collected the holotype in 1875. Kleinmann's tortoise is the smallest tortoise in the Northern Hemisphere. Female tortoises are larger than the males; males are more slender and have a longer tail. The plastron has a high dome, and ranges in color from ivory to pale gold to dark brown to pink or dull yellow. This colouring strongly follows Gloger's rule, as it helps to regulate the impact of sunlight. This allows the paler tortoise to stay in the desert heat for longer. It is also
607294
Mindy Baha El Din


husband, whom she married in 1989, worked as freelance ecologists and wildlife management consultants, organizing and guiding birding tours through Egypt, producing educational materials, launching campaigns promoting migratory bird conservation and studying migration. Mindy and Dr. Sherif Baha El Din were advisers of the Nature Conservation Sector within the Egyptian Environmental Affairs Agency. In 1994 they founded Tortoise Care Egypt, a group of international and local organizations and individuals, with the aim to build up a captive breeding project for the critically endangered Kleinmann's tortoise ("Testudo kleinmanni"
13137732
Galápagos tortoise


", became extinct on 24 June 2012 with the death in captivity of the last remaining specimen, a male named Lonesome George, the world's "rarest living creature". All the other surviving species are listed by the IUCN as at least "Vulnerable" in conservation status, if not worse. An estimated 200,000 animals were taken before the 20th century. The relatively immobile and defenceless tortoises were collected and stored live on board ships, where they could survive for at least a year without food or water (some anecdotal
17320787
Hermann's tortoise


Hermann's tortoise (Testudo hermanni ) is one of five tortoise species traditionally placed in the genus "Testudo", the others being the marginated tortoise ("T. marginata"), Greek tortoise ("T. graeca", or common tortoise), Russian tortoise ("T. horsfieldii" ), and Kleinmann's tortoise ("T. kleinmanni", or Egyptian tortoise). Two subspecies are known: the western Hermann's tortoise ("T. h. hermanni" ) and the eastern Hermann's tortoise ("T. h. boettgeri
6764021
Kleinmann's tortoise


it eats grasses, fruits, and vegetables, but the diet of "T. kleinmanni" in the wild is unknown. It is least active when the weather is very cold or very hot. During the colder months, it is out most during midday. During the warm season, it is active in the mornings and evenings. The rest of the day is spent under bushes or in rodent burrows. Kleinmann's tortoise becomes sexually mature when about 5 years old. In the wild, mating has only been observed in March
607298
Chelonian Conservation and Biology


"Chelonian Conservation and Biology: International Journal of Turtle and Tortoise Research" is a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering research on freshwater turtles, marine turtles, and tortoises (Order Testudines). It was established in 1993 by the Chelonian Research Foundation as the new scientific journal of the IUCN Species Survival Commission's Tortoise and Freshwater Turtle Specialist Group and the "International Bulletin of Chelonian Research". The journal was first published with support from Conservation International, the Chelonian Institute, the Wildlife Conservation Society, the Florida Audubon Society,
20922596
Kleinmann's tortoise


an effective camouflage in the desert. The carapace is light yellow, often with two dark triangles on each abdominal scute. The tortoise's scutes have dark edgings that fade with age. The head and limbs are a very pale ivory-yellow to yellowish-brown colour. The proposed subgenus "Pseudotestudo" is invalid, based on immature characters. It has been proposed to unite this species with the marginated tortoise in the genus "Chersus". These clearly share a common ancestor with the common tortoise (Greek tortoise).
607295
Eric Goode


) and run by the Turtle Conservancy, a not-for-profit NGO. Its primary goal is to ensure the survival of turtle and tortoise species worldwide, and to promote the conservation of chelonian habitat in the wild. In 2008 Goode created the Turtle Conservancy, which works on conservation initiatives around the world. Goode sits on the board of the Chelonian Research Institute, the Turtle Conservation Fund, and is an active member of the IUCN Turtle and Tortoise Specialist Group. He has authored and coauthored both popular and scientific publications
19278578
Negev tortoise


The Negev tortoise ("Testudo werneri") is a species of tortoise in the family Testudinidae. The species is endemic to the Negev Desert in southern Israel. "T. werneri" has been considered to be a subspecies or synonym of Kleinmann's tortoise ("T. kleinmanni" ). Males of "T. werneri" may reach a straight carapace length of . Females grow to be larger, attaining a straight carapace length of (Perälä 2001). "T. werneri" was once found in the Sinai Peninsula but has gone
2881875
Turtle Conservancy


half of the currently recognized 356 species of turtles and tortoises are threatened with extinction. Among all animals, only the nonhuman primates, with approximately 60% of species threatened with extinction, are in a more precarious state. The report updates earlier assessments, and adds two new species to the most endangered list. *The Turtle Conservation Coalition is an informal coalition of leading turtle conservation organizations, including Turtle Conservancy, IUCN Tortoise and Freshwater Turtle Specialist Group, Turtle Survival Alliance, Global Wildlife Conservation, Wildlife Conservation Society, Chelonian Research
14863958
Kleinmann's tortoise


The former two are somewhat more similar to each other than to the Greek tortoise regarding DNA sequence data. Considering biogeography, however, this is either due to (rather unlikely) dispersal across the Mediterranean, or the supposed "clade" is invalid and the similarity due to convergent evolution. The Negev subpopulation has been separated as a distinct species, "Negev tortoise" ("Testudo werneri"). It does not appear to have distinct or strongly reduced haplotype diversity, consistent with the recent extinction of the Egyptian population (
607296
List of reptiles of Europe


This is a list of European reptiles. It includes all reptiles currently found in Europe. It does not include species found only in captivity or extinct in Europe, except where there is some doubt about this, nor (with few exceptions) does it currently include species introduced in recent decades. Each species is listed, with its binomial name and notes on its distribution where this is limited. Also this list is incomplete. Conservation status - IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Family: Testudinidae (Tortoises) Family: Emydidae
18676766
Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada


in Canada) and 15 wildlife species that are Extinct (X). The other category is not at risk (NAR). COSEWIC provides online updated status reports on designated species. COSEWIC bases its quantitative criteria for species' status assessment on the revised IUCN Red List, the world's most comprehensive inventory of the global conservation status of biological species. COSEWIC provides International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN), the world's main authority on the conservation status of species, with a Regional Red List. IUCN.
2828846
Turtle Conservancy


Dodo, and National Public Radio have profiled the Turtle Conservancy. "The Tortoise" is a bi-annual publication dedicated to the appreciation and conservation of tortoises and turtles and their habitats as they relate to culture, the arts, and the global human experience.. A report just published by the Turtle Conservation Coalition* calls attention to the grave conservation status of the world's tortoises and freshwater turtles. According to "Turtles in Trouble: The World’s 25+ Most Endangered Tortoises and Freshwater Turtles – 2018", more than
14863957
List of reptiles and amphibians in the Aegean


This list includes all reptiles currently found in Aegean Islands. It does not include species found only in captivity or those which are extinct. Each species is listed, with its binomial name and notes on its distribution where this is limited. Conservation status - IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Family: Testudinidae (Tortoises) Family: Cheloniidae Family: Agamidae (Agamas) Family: Gekkonidae (Geckos) Family: Lacertidae (Wall or true lizards) Family: Scincidae (Skinks) Family: Anguidae Family: Typhlopidae (Blind snakes
13227866
Ian Swingland


Nairobi 1990) and was asked by Sir Peter Scott to create the IUCN/SSC (International Union for Conservation of Nature’s Species Survival Commission) Tortoise Specialist Group in 1981 which is now the Tortoise and Freshwater Turtle Specialist Group. He directed the First World Congress of Herpetology 1989. He is also a co-founder and former chair of the Rural Regeneration Unit, a social enterprise dedicated to self-help projects and a substantial food co-operative, and the Durrell Trust for Conservation Biology, the trust dedicated to supporting
14267079
List of threatened reptiles and amphibians of the United States


According to the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), 93 reptile and amphibian species in the United States are threatened with extinction. The IUCN has classified each of these species into one of three conservation statuses: vulnerable , endangered , and critically endangered . Family Crocodylidae (crocodiles) Family Chelydridae (snapping turtles) Family Kinosternidae (mud turtles and musk turtles) Family Emydidae (pond turtles) Family Testudinidae (tortoises) Family Cheloniidae (sea turtles) Family Dermochelyidae (leatherback sea turtle) Family Trionychidae (softshells) Family
13260430
Kleinmann's tortoise


, but in captivity, it mates in April and August to November. During courtship, the male will ram the female, sometimes chasing after her. Unlike any other Mediterranean tortoise, "T. kleinmanni" may make a mating call similar to the call of the mourning dove. Eggs are laid in shallow bowls beneath bushes, or in vacant burrows. Each clutch contains one to five eggs, which hatch in the summer or early autumn. Once found in Egypt and Libya, the habitat of "T. kleinmanni" in Egypt
607299
Kleinmann's tortoise


few offspring (see K-strategist), This is well possibly less than the minimum viable population, eventually dooming the species to extinction in the wild. Mixing individuals from the subpopulations for reintroduction purposes should be avoided, as the ecological parameters of habitat differ. DNA fingerprinting of individuals to help maintain heterozygosity in captive and reintroduction populations can be performed during routine stool analyses. In this context, notably, there may be a haplotype uniquely found in the Egyptian tortoise. Captive breeding requires more care than in other "Testudo"
607302
Cultural depictions of turtles


from Predynastic times to as late as the Old Kingdom, and later the flesh of turtles began to be considered an "abomination of Ra" and the role of these animals became an evil one. Turtle carapaces and scutes from Red Sea Turtles ("Chelonia Imbricata") were used in rings, bracelets, dishes, bowls, knife hilts, amulets, and combs. Land tortoise carapaces from Kleinmann's tortoise were used as sounding boards for lutes, harps and mandolins. Turtle shells were also used to make norvas, an
8966448
International Union for Conservation of Nature


Unlike other environmental organisations, IUCN does not itself aim to directly mobilize the general public. Education has been part of IUCN's work program since the early days but the focus is on stakeholder involvement and strategic communication rather than mass-campaigns. IUCN runs field projects for habitat and species conservation around the world. It produces the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species and the IUCN Red List of Ecosystems which in a similar way measures risks to ecosystems. The IUCN Red List of Ecosystems is a global standard to assess the conservation status
13568881
Angonoka tortoise


did not provide a total population estimate, but based on their research a population of some 400-1500 tortoises could be extrapolated. According to Leuteritz & Pedroso, writing for the IUCN in 2008, estimates of the wild population by Smith "et al." in 1999 and Pedroso in 2000 ranged from 440 to 770 (giving an average of around 600). In 2005 the Durrell Wildlife Conservation Trust (DWCT), which helps run the main captive breeding program, estimated a wild population of 800 individuals. In 2004
15900208
Conservation biology


they sustain. Aldo Leopold was a classical thinker and writer on such conservation ethics whose philosophy, ethics and writings are still valued and revisited by modern conservation biologists. The International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) has organized a global assortment of scientists and research stations across the planet to monitor the changing state of nature in an effort to tackle the extinction crisis. The IUCN provides annual updates on the status of species conservation through its Red List. The IUCN Red List serves as an international conservation tool to identify those
2964152
John L. Behler


John L. Behler (1946 – January 31, 2006) was an American naturalist, herpetologist, author, and activist known for his work in conserving endangered species of turtles, snakes, and other reptiles. He served as curator of herpetology at the Bronx Zoo, part of the Wildlife Conservation Society from 1976 to 2006. He co-chaired the IUCN Tortoise and Freshwater Turtle Specialist Group, and was a founding member of the Turtle Survival Alliance, which co-present the Behler Turtle Conservation Award with the Turtle Conservancy and Turtle
15019327
Conservation status


use. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species is the best known worldwide conservation status listing and ranking system. Species are classified by the IUCN Red List into nine groups set through criteria such as rate of decline, population size, area of geographic distribution, and degree of population and distribution fragmentation. Also included are species that have gone extinct since 500 CE. When discussing the IUCN Red List, the official term "threatened" is a grouping of three categories: critically endangered, endangered, and vulnerable. The Convention on
12047334
Madras Crocodile Bank Trust


2003, a 10-year program for the conservation of freshwater turtles and tortoises was initiated by the bank in collaboration with government forest departments from concerned states across India. In May 2004, the bank successfully bred one of the world's most critically endangered turtles, the Indian painted roof turtle, "Batagur kachuga", for the first time ever in captivity. The species is protected under Schedule I of the Indian Wildlife Protection Act of 1972 and is listed under the Action Plan Rating I of the IUCN/SSC Tortoise and Freshwater Turtle
16837604
Island Conservation


collected over 100 years ago, were also collected in late 2012. This was followed in 2012 by the Pinzon and Plaza Sur Island Restoration Project primarily benefiting the Pinzón Giant Tortoise, Opuntia galapageia, Galápagos Land Iguana. As a result of the project, Pinzon Giant Tortoise hatched from eggs and were surviving in the wild for the first time in more than 150 years The current focus in Ecuador is Floreana Island with 55 IUCN threatened species present and 13 extirpated species that could be reintroduced after invasive mammals are eradicated. Partners include:
262008
Nepenthes bicalcarata


level. The conservation status of "N. bicalcarata" is listed as Vulnerable on the 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species based on an assessment carried out in 2000. In 1997, Charles Clarke informally classified the species as Near Threatened based on the IUCN criteria. This agrees with the conservation status assigned to "N. bicalcarata" by the World Conservation Monitoring Centre. The two thorns that give "N. bicalcarata" its name are unique to this species and bear some of the largest nectaries in the plant kingdom. The purpose of
21530642
Atalaya (plant)


underground woody rootstocks. In South Africa three species grow naturally. The scarcity of "A. natalensis" trees and their restricted range has received the global conservation status (IUCN) of "vulnerable D2". "A. capensis" has a global conservation status (IUCN) listing also, of "Lower Risk / conservation dependent" . In Papua New Guinea "A. papuana" grows naturally in coast monsoon dune scrub (coastal rainforests on dune soils that become seasonally dry, with deciduous trees), tropical savanna forests and in regenerating
21745346
World Commission on Protected Areas


The World Commission on Protected Areas (WCPA) is one of six commissions of the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN). In 1948, the IUCN established a Committee on National Parks. Two decades later the IUCN had been asked by the international community to take responsibility for preparing a world list of national parks in keeping with its role as a network to share the world’s knowledge on nature conservation, and in 1960, the IUCN raised the status of the Committee to that of a permanent Commission, with
9410113
IUCN Red List of Ecosystems


The IUCN Red List of Ecosystems (RLE) is a global framework for monitoring and documenting the status of ecosystems. It was developed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature as part of the growing toolkit for biodiversity risk assessment. Its main objective is to support conservation, resource use, and management decisions by evaluating all the world's ecosystems by 2025. The Red List of Ecosystem was developed by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN), the world's leading authority on the subject and the same entity
4416626
Geometric tortoise


Appendix I of CITES, prohibiting international trade in the species. With South Africa being home to the most tortoise species in the world, it’s not surprising that it has the world’s rarest tortoise species as well. Protecting these tortoises is primarily the job of the country’s conservation officials. These officials work with nature preserves to help keep the tortoise’s status of “endangered” from changing to “extinct.” Its habitat is under constant threat of destruction and fragmentation as a result of, frequent fires, increase in
3597735
Camas pocket gopher


lupines. Citing concerns of urbanization, habitat loss and active attempts at eradication, NatureServe assesses the camas pocket gophers' conservation status as vulnerable. The conservation status of the camas pocket gopher is classified as "least concern" by the IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature) Species Programme, with a stable population trend. The IUCN notes that the gopher is common in its range; studies indicate that populations can recover rapidly after traps are removed from an area, and the species may adapt well to environmental changes. The
11628281
IUCN Red List


The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (also known as the IUCN Red List or Red Data List), founded in 1964, is the world's most comprehensive inventory of the global conservation status of biological species. It uses a set of criteria to evaluate the extinction risk of thousands of species and subspecies. These criteria are relevant to all species and all regions of the world. With its strong scientific base, the IUCN Red List is recognized as the most authoritative guide to the status of biological diversity. A series of
19930289
International Union for Conservation of Nature


its focus beyond conservation ecology and now incorporates issues related to sustainable development in its projects. Unlike many other international environmental organisations, IUCN does not itself aim to mobilize the public in support of nature conservation. It tries to influence the actions of governments, business and other stakeholders by providing information and advice, and through building partnerships. The organization is best known to the wider public for compiling and publishing the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, which assesses the conservation status of species worldwide. IUCN has a membership of over 1400
13568847
International Union for Conservation of Nature


governmental and non-governmental organizations. Some 16,000 scientists and experts participate in the work of IUCN commissions on a voluntary basis. It employs approximately 1000 full-time staff in more than 50 countries. Its headquarters are in Gland, Switzerland. IUCN has observer and consultative status at the United Nations, and plays a role in the implementation of several international conventions on nature conservation and biodiversity. It was involved in establishing the World Wide Fund for Nature and the World Conservation Monitoring Centre. In the past, IUCN has been criticized
13568848
International Union for Conservation of Nature


Council of Europe. In 1961, at the request of United Nations Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC), the United Nations Economic and Social Council, IUCN published the first global list of national parks and protected areas which it has updated ever since. IUCN's best known publication, the Red Data Book on the conservation status of species, was first published in 1964. IUCN began to play a part in the development of international treaties and conventions, starting with the African Convention on the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources.
13568854
Nepenthes spathulata


. It is somewhat reminiscent of the highland heath forests around Bareo in Sarawak, Borneo. Due to the patchy distribution of "N. spathulata", its conservation status is listed as Vulnerable on the 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. However, Charles Clarke suggests a revised status of Conservation Dependent based on the IUCN criteria. The closest relative of "N. spathulata" appears to be "N. singalana". It differs from this species in having a peristome that is contracted towards the front and very wide at the sides.
21531150
Regional Red List


A Regional Red List (RRL) is a report of the threatened status of species within a certain country or region. It is based on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, an inventory of the conservation status of species on a global scale. Regional Red Lists assess the risk of extinction to species within a political management unit and therefore may feed directly into national and regional planning. This project is coordinated by the Zoological Society of London (ZSL), the World Conservation Union (IUCN) and partners in national governments
544308
Regional Red List


, universities and organizations throughout the world. Regional Red Lists may assist countries or regions in: The IUCN Categories and Criteria were initially designed to assess the conservation status of species globally, however there was a demand for guidelines to apply the system at the regional level. In 2003, IUCN developed a set of transparent, quantitative criteria to assess the conservation status of species at the regional and national level. This approach is now being applied in many countries throughout the world. Recently, Regional Red Lists have been completed for Mongolian
544309
Endangered species


An endangered species is a species which has been categorized as very likely to become extinct in the near future. Endangered (EN), as categorized by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List, is the second most severe conservation status for wild populations in the IUCN's schema after  (CR). In 2012, the IUCN Red List featured 3,079 animal and 2,655 plant species as endangered (EN) worldwide. The figures for 1998 were, respectively, 1,102 and 1,197. Many nations have laws that
3812127
List of critically endangered mammals


a full assessment of conservation status. As these species typically have small distributions and/or populations, they are intrinsically likely to be threatened, according to the IUCN. While the category of "data deficient" indicates that no assessment of extinction risk has been made for the taxa, the IUCN notes that it may be appropriate to give them "the same degree of attention as threatened taxa, at least until their status can be assessed." This is a complete list of critically endangered mammalian species and subspecies evaluated by the IUCN.
3524211
Texas tortoise


sources refer to it as Berlandier's tortoise. The Texas tortoise, unlike other species of gopher tortoise, is not an adept burrower. Its preferred habitat is dry scrub and grasslands. Succulent plants, a preferred food of the Texas tortoise, are common in these areas. It especially likes the fruit of cacti such as the prickly pear. Though considered an animal of low concern by the IUCN Red List, the Texas tortoise is listed as a threatened species in the state of Texas, and thus protected by state law.
4311378
List of critically endangered arthropods


As of July 2016, the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) lists 394 critically endangered arthropod species, including 86 which are tagged as "possibly extinct". 4.1% of all evaluated arthropod species are listed as critically endangered. The IUCN also lists three arthropod subspecies as critically endangered. No subpopulations of arthropods have been evaluated by the IUCN. Additionally 2875 arthropod species (30% of those evaluated) are listed as "data deficient", meaning there is insufficient information for a full assessment of conservation status.
18760593
List of critically endangered molluscs


As of September 2016, the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) lists 581 critically endangered mollusc species, including 117 which are tagged as "possibly extinct". 8.0% of all evaluated mollusc species are listed as critically endangered. The IUCN also lists 11 mollusc subspecies as critically endangered. No subpopulations of molluscs have been evaluated by the IUCN. Additionally 1988 mollusc species (27% of those evaluated) are listed as "data deficient", meaning there is insufficient information for a full assessment of conservation status.
2441326
List of critically endangered insects


As of July 2016, the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) lists 195 critically endangered insect species, including 46 which are tagged as "possibly extinct". 3.2% of all evaluated insect species are listed as critically endangered. The IUCN also lists two insect subspecies as critically endangered. No subpopulations of insects have been evaluated by the IUCN. Additionally 1702 insect species (28% of those evaluated) are listed as "data deficient", meaning there is insufficient information for a full assessment of conservation status.
2441517
List of critically endangered invertebrates


As of July 2016, the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) lists 987 critically endangered invertebrate species, including 206 which are tagged as "possibly extinct". 5.5% of all evaluated invertebrate species are listed as critically endangered. The IUCN also lists 14 invertebrate subspecies as critically endangered. No subpopulations of invertebrates have been evaluated by the IUCN. Additionally 5278 invertebrate species (29% of those evaluated) are listed as "data deficient", meaning there is insufficient information for a full assessment of conservation status.
2770395
International Union for Conservation of Nature


1974) and its formal standing and influence increased. A grant from the Ford Foundation in 1969 enabled it to boost its secretariat and expand operations. During the 1960s, IUCN lobbied the UN General Assembly to create a new status for NGOs. Resolution 1296, adopted in 1968, granted 'consultative' status to NGOs. IUCN itself was eventually accredited with six UN organizations. IUCN was one of the few environmental organisations formally involved in the preparations of the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment (Stockholm, 1972). The
13568858
Livingstone National Park


species conservation Act 1995). Along with international recognition under the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species (IUCN 2004). Identifying the habitat of, and monitoring its condition, is an important conservation action in the National recovery plan for the Swift Parrot. The protection status of Livingstone National Park means management is consistent with and intends to deliver the actions in recovery plans for conserving the Swift Parrots overwintering ground, when it leaves breeding grounds in Tasmania and disperses widely over the mainland, from
15355679
Pethia cumingii


and Flora of Sri Lanka, IUCN Sri Lanka. IUCN, (2000); The 1999 list of threatened fauna and flora of Sri Lanka, IUCN Sri Lanka. IUCN, (2000); The Fauna of Sri Lanka Status of Taxonomy, Research and Conservation, IUCN Sri Lanka. Perera, N., (2002); Preliminary Survey of Upper Attanagalu River basin in South West Ichthyological Zone of Sri Lanka, SRI LANKA NATURALIST, JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY AND NATURE, Young Zoologist’s Association of Sri Lanka. Pethiyagoda, R.
14745984
Frederick Yeh


sea turtle conservation efforts in Hawaii. According to the global authority on nature conservation, International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN), the sea turtles of the Hawaiian Islands were also once under the threat of near extinction, but are now thriving and their conservation status reclassified as "Least Concern" according to the IUCN Red List. Thus, Yeh established Sea Turtles 911 under Hawaiian jurisdiction, and changed the course of his life by moving to China to save the sea turtles he had hopelessly witnessed being sold, earning
8188720
Rodrigues flying fox


a few hundred in total in the wild, and the bat is classified as endangered by the IUCN. The Durrell Wildlife Conservation Trust has undertaken a successful captive breeding program, and there are now colonies in several zoos. Due to its imperiled status, it is identified by the Alliance for Zero Extinction as a species in danger of imminent extinction. In 2013, Bat Conservation International listed this species as one of the 35 species of its worldwide priority list of conservation. In 2017, the IUCN determined that this species now has
11950036
Whale conservation


the North Atlantic Ocean around Greenland, Iceland, and Norway. There is no information about fin whales in areas outside of the Northern Atlantic, where they still hold the status of being endangered. A complete list of whale conservation statuses as listed by the IUCN is given below. Note that, in the case of the blue and gray whales, the IUCN distinguishes the statuses of various populations. These populations, while not regarded as separate species, are considered sufficiently important in terms of conservation. *Atlantic population of gray whale
1758682
Pancake tortoise


habitat for pancake tortoises, which already is neither common nor extensive. Tortoises in Kenya are threatened by clearance of thorn scrub for conversion to agriculture and in Tanzania by over-grazing of goats and cattle. The pancake tortoise is classified as vulnerable on the IUCN Red List and listed on Appendix II of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES). In 1981, Kenya banned the export of the pancake tortoise unless given written permission by the Minister for the Environment and Natural Resources. Tanzania
21729580
Kleinmann's tortoise


species, as the species is more delicate and the clutch is very small, but is not highly difficult for experienced "Testudo" breeders. "T. kleinmanni" is not generally available for hobbyists and even if legal to keep, should be avoided without valid documentation. Smuggling continues to be a problem, but confiscated individuals are used to establish a captive safeguard population. On May 21, 2007, Rome's main zoo, Bioparco, reported it has successfully bred the species from parents rescued from a smuggler's suitcase in 2005
607303
Plains rat


' by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN), the IUCN conservation status for the species is 'vulnerable'. The name "Pseudomys" comes from the combined form of the Greek word "pseudes" (meaning "false") and the Latin word "mys" (meaning "mouse"), presumably because of the plains rat's puzzling similarities and differences to "true mice" in the genus "mus". The name "australis" comes from the Latin word "australis" (
21672382
Bolson tortoise


most recent research, published in 1991 from data collected in 1983, estimates that fewer than 10,000 tortoises remain in the wild. Populations have declined mostly due to overcollecting for food and the pet trade. Incursion of roads, railroads and agricultural development have accelerated the decline of the species in the last 40 years. In the central portion of its range locals are keenly aware of the tortoise’s protected status and aid in its conservation. However, in the northeastern portion of its range, near La Sierra Mojada, populations of the
3565967
Plantasia


including crested geckos, tarantulas, red-bellied piranha, koi carp, green-winged macaws, parakeets, lorikeets, chameleons, bearded dragons and a Burmese python. Additionally, Plantasia houses critically endangered cotton-top tamarins and critically endangered Kleinmann's tortoise. In 2011 Plantasia added the Rainforest Hut to its exhibits. The hut was built using the same basic principles used by forest tribes, and with forest materials such as bamboo, palm leaves, and clay, and shows how rainforest tribes live in harmony with nature. Plantasia
17905486
Stenogomphurus consanguis


Stenogomphurus consanguis, the Cherokee clubtail, is a species of clubtail dragonfly in the family Gomphidae. It is endemic to the southeastern United States, found in small rivers and streams. The IUCN conservation status of "Stenogomphurus consanguis" is "LC", least concern, with no immediate threat to the species' survival. The IUCN status was reviewed in 2018. The species had a Red List assessment of "rare" from 1986 to 1994, "vulnerable" in 1996, and "endangered" in 2007. There are
16664674
Phanogomphus sandrius


Phanogomphus sandrius, the Tennessee clubtail, is a species of clubtail dragonflies in the family Gomphidae. It is found in the United States, in nine locations of central Tennessee. The IUCN conservation status of "Phanogomphus sandrius" is "VU", vulnerable. The species faces a high risk of endangerment in the medium term, with a decreasing population. The IUCN status was reviewed in 2018. "Phanogomphus sandrius" was assessed as "endangered" in 1996 and "vulnerable" in 2007. "Phanogomphus sandrius" was recently
16664709
Gomphurus septima


Gomphurus septima, or Septima's clubtail, is a species of clubtail dragonflies in the family Gomphidae. The IUCN conservation status of "Gomphurus septima" is "LC", least concern, with no immediate threat to the species' survival. The population is stable. The IUCN status was reviewed in 2018. "Gomphurus septima" was recently considered a member of the genus "Gomphus", but in 2017 it became a member of the genus "Gomphurus" when "Gomphurus" was elevated from subgenus to genus rank.
16664710
Regional Red List


this regional network there will be opportunities to learn from each other’s experiences in applying the IUCN Categories and Criteria and in using this information for conservation planning and priority setting. Two public bodies in Britain, Natural England and the Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC), have produced British Red Data Books and other reviews of different plants and animals assigning their conservation status according to IUCN Red Data Book criteria. In 2016 the JNCC produced a spreadsheet which incorporated these reviews and lists of threatened species based on other crieteria such as Biodiversity
544312
Endangered species


protect conservation-reliant species: for example, forbidding hunting, restricting land development or creating protected areas. Population numbers, trends and species' conservation status can be found at the lists of organisms by population. The conservation status of a species indicates the likelihood that it will become extinct. Many factors are considered when assessing the status of a species; e.g., such statistics as the number remaining, the overall increase or decrease in the population over time, breeding success rates, or known threats. The IUCN Red List of
3812128
Wildlife of Seychelles


It has been reported that the granitic islands of Seychelles supported distinct species of Seychelles giant tortoises, but the status of the different populations is currently unclear. Two of them, Arnolds giant tortoise and the Seychelles giant tortoise are in the process of being re-introduced, after some individuals were discovered surviving among Aldabra populations. Flagship species include: the Seychelles magpie robin and the Seychelles warbler, have been spectacularly rescued from the brink of extinction by BirdLife International, Royal Society of Wildlife Trusts, Island Conservation Society, Nature Seychelles,
3777765
Changuu


hatchlings were taken to the island in 1996 to increase the numbers but 40 of them vanished. The Zanzibar government, with assistance from the World Society for the Protection of Animals (Now known as World Animal Protection) built a large compound for the protection of the animals and by 2000 numbers had recovered to 17 adults, 50 juveniles and 90 hatchlings. The species is now considered vulnerable and has been placed on the IUCN Red List by the International Union for Conservation of Nature. More tortoises, mainly juveniles, continue to be
9698268
Geometric tortoise


their reproductive behavior. When the female is ready to lay eggs, she digs a hole in the ground and covers it with grass or other vegetation. The Geometric tortoise tends to feed during cooler parts of the morning and afternoon. They tend to be shy and seek shelter when they notice observers. This species is one of the rarest land tortoises in the world, classified as Critically Endangered on the IUCN Red List. In addition to its Red List listing, the geometric tortoise is now protected under international law and listed on
3597734
Western rosella


is as protected fauna, and of the inland subspecies is one of "likely to become extinct". In the assessment of the inland "P. icterotis xanthogenys" for the federal government's "Action Plan for Australian Birds" 2000 it was assigned the status of 'near threatened'. The 2013 assessment by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) on their IUCN redlist assigns a status of species of least concern. It notes the species has become less common and locally extinct and the population trend is declining due
9884559
Galápagos tortoise


human settlements on the islands. The tortoises are down from 15 different types of species when Darwin first arrived down to 11. Threats Collection The tortoises of the Galápagos’ island were not only hunted for the oil that they held for fuel but also once they were becoming more and more extinct people began to pay to have them in their collections, as well as being put into museums. The remaining species of tortoise range in IUCN classification from extinct in the wild to vulnerable. Slow growth rate, late sexual maturity, and
17320795
Nepenthes mikei


undisclosed for conservation purposes, "N. mikei" grows alongside "N. flava". The conservation status of "N. mikei" is listed as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List, based on an assessment carried out in 2000. This agrees with an informal assessment made by Charles Clarke in 2001, who also classified the species as Vulnerable based on the IUCN criteria. However, Clarke noted that since substantial populations of "N. mikei" lie within protected areas, they "are unlikely to become threatened in the foreseeable future".
10280073
Data deficient


A data deficient (DD) species is one which has been categorized by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) as offering insufficient information for a proper assessment of conservation status to be made. This does not necessarily indicate that the species has not been extensively studied; but it does indicate that little or no information is available on the abundance and distribution of the species. The IUCN recommends that care be taken to avoid classing species as "data deficient" when the absence of records may indicate dangerously low abundance:
11837392
List of critically endangered birds


As of May 2019, the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) lists 224 critically endangered avian species, including 18 which are tagged as "possibly extinct" or "possibly extinct in the wild". 2.1% of all evaluated avian species are listed as critically endangered. No subpopulations of birds have been evaluated by the IUCN. Additionally 61 avian species (0.59% of those evaluated) are listed as "data deficient", meaning there is insufficient information for a full assessment of conservation status. As these species
1905585
List of mammals of Oman


This is a list of the mammal species recorded in Oman. There are at least 62 mammal species in Oman that have been assessed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), of these, one is critically endangered, four are endangered, eight are vulnerable, and two are near threatened. The following tags are used to highlight each species' conservation status as assessed by the IUCN: Some species were assessed using an earlier set of criteria. Species assessed using this system have the following instead of near threatened
21788905
IUCN Red List of Ecosystems


protocols, developed by national or subnational authorities differed in focus and implementation, were often incomparable, and unable of separating strict risk analysis from the process of setting conservation priorities. In 2008, during the IV World Conservation Congress (Barcelona, Spain), the process of developing criteria to estimate their risk status was activated and the IUCN laid the foundations for the creation of a Red List of Ecosystems (RLE). The initial development of the criteria for the Red List of ecosystems was based on analogies with the criteria for species
4416628
Antarctic minke whale


and Brazil, and the latter off South Australia. All involved calves or juveniles. The Antarctic minke whale is currently considered Near Threatened by the IUCN red list. However, the IUCN states that the population size is "clearly in the hundreds of thousands". The Antarctic minke whale is listed on Appendix II of the Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals (CMS). It is listed on Appendix II as it has an unfavourable conservation status or would benefit significantly from international co-operation organised by tailored
7370221
Nepenthes faizaliana


regular visitors, the species can be easily observed along the Pinnacles Trail on Mount Api. The conservation status of "N. faizaliana" is listed as Vulnerable on the 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species based on an assessment carried out in 2000. In 1997, Charles Clarke informally classified the species as Vulnerable based on the IUCN criteria, noting that it is Conservation Dependent if populations in protected areas are taken into account. "Nepenthes faizaliana" belongs to the loosely defined ""N. maxima" complex", which also includes
9597176
Elseya rhodini


Elseya rhodini, the Southern New Guinea stream turtle, is a recently described aquatic species of Chelid turtle (Austro-South American Side Necks) found south of the central ranges of New Guinea. It inhabits small streams that flow into the major river drainage's south of the ranges. The species was named in honor of Anders G. J. Rhodin the Chairman Emeritus of the IUCN SSC Tortoise and Freshwater Turtle Specialist Group (TFTSG) and founder of the Chelonian Research Foundation (CRF) who publish the journal "Chelonian Conservation and Biology
15193492
Golden coin turtle


in folk medicine, e.g. as the key ingredient for the Chinese medicinal dessert "guīlínggāo" (龜苓膏); thus it is under threat because of unsustainable hunting. This is one of the most endangered turtle species in the world, according to a 2003 assessment by the IUCN. C. trifasciata is listed among Turtle Conservation Coalition's 25 Most Endangered Tortoises and Freshwater Turtles. "C. trifasciata" is raised on some of China's turtle farms. Based on the data from a large sample (almost one half of all registered turtle
6298148
Astatotilapia bloyeti


Astatotilapia bloyeti is a species of haplochromine cichlid from the coastal river systems of Tanzania. Reports from other areas of Africa are considered to refer to related species. The IUCN considers it to be endemic to the Pangani River and includes Kenya in its range. This species taxonomic status is uncertain and some authorities place it in the genus "Haplochromis" while others retain it in "Astatotilapia". This taxonomic uncertainty has led the IUCN to classify this species conservation status as Data Deficient. The specific name honours the collector of the type
15754960
Phanogomphus diminutus


Phanogomphus diminutus is a species of clubtail dragonfly in the family Gomphidae. It is endemic to the southeastern United States. Its natural habitats are boggy trickles and slow, small streams and lakes, all with part sand, part silt bottoms, and Sphagnum moss margins. The IUCN conservation status of "Phanogomphus diminutus" is "LC", least concern, with no immediate threat to the species' survival. The IUCN status was reviewed in 2018. The species had a Red List assessment of "rare" from 1986 to 1994
16664675
List of critically endangered fishes


meaning there is insufficient information for a full assessment of conservation status. As these species typically have small distributions and/or populations, they are intrinsically likely to be threatened, according to the IUCN. While the category of "data deficient" indicates that no assessment of extinction risk has been made for the taxa, the IUCN notes that it may be appropriate to give them "the same degree of attention as threatened taxa, at least until their status can be assessed." This is a complete list of critically endangered fish species and
17654333
List of critically endangered reptiles


information for a full assessment of conservation status. As these species typically have small distributions and/or populations, they are intrinsically likely to be threatened, according to the IUCN. While the category of "data deficient" indicates that no assessment of extinction risk has been made for the taxa, the IUCN notes that it may be appropriate to give them "the same degree of attention as threatened taxa, at least until their status can be assessed." This is a complete list of critically endangered reptile species and subspecies evaluated by the
2441629
Tamaraw


was classified as "Status inadequately known" by the IUCN. Enough data was gathered on the tamaraw population by 1986, and the IUCN conservation monitoring center declared the species endangered. Throughout succeeding surveys conducted in 1988, 1990, 1994 and 1996, the species remained listed on the Red List as "endangered". The relisting of the species in 1996 fulfilled the IUCN criteria "B1+2c" and "D1". Criterion "B1" indicated that the species' range was less than 500 square kilometers and is known
16233893
Amolops marmoratus


Myanmar and likely from northern Thailand, though it may occur more widely. For example, International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), using a less stringent delineation of the species, reported the species also from Bangladesh, Bhutan, China, India, and Nepal. While IUCN in its assessment in 2004 considered "Amolops marmoratus" to be of "Least Concern" in view of its wide distribution and presumed large population, recognizing higher biodiversity within the species warrants further assessment of its conservation status. As is typical for
12513167
List of critically endangered plants


As of September 2016, the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) lists 2493 critically endangered plant species, including 145 which are tagged as "possibly extinct" or "possibly extinct in the wild". 11% of all evaluated plant species are listed as critically endangered. The IUCN also lists 89 subspecies and 70 varieties as critically endangered. Additionally 1674 plant species (7.6% of those evaluated) are listed as "data deficient", meaning there is insufficient information for a full assessment of conservation status. As
14631905
List of parrots


the base of the parrot tree. Most authors now recognize this group as a separate taxon containing two families: Nestoridae and Strigopidae. Conversely, the relationships among various cockatoo genera are largely resolved. Conservation status codes listed follow the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species. Range maps are provided wherever possible; if a range map is not available, a description of the bird's range is provided. Ranges are based on the IUCN red list for that species unless otherwise noted. All extinct
15237656
Rajeev Raghavan


status of several endemic fish species of the Western Ghats. As of May 2019, Rajeev has published over 140 peer-reviewed papers (with 1300 citations) in some of the world’s top journals in fisheries and conservation science including Fish and Fisheries, Biological Conservation, ; Marine Policy and Ambio. Rajeev is closely involved with the work of the IUCN Species Survival Commission (IUCN SSC) holding multiple responsibilities in its various groups. He is currently the South Asia Coordinator of the Freshwater Fish Specialist Group (FFSG); Freshwater
18829219
List of critically endangered amphibians


As of September 2016, the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) lists 545 critically endangered amphibian species, including 113 which are tagged as "possibly extinct". 8.4% of all evaluated amphibian species are listed as critically endangered. No subpopulations of amphibians have been evaluated by the IUCN. Additionally 1567 amphibian species (24% of those evaluated) are listed as "data deficient", meaning there is insufficient information for a full assessment of conservation status. As these species typically have small distributions and/or populations, they
2441403
NatureServe


partners with IUCN Red List, the accepted standard for worldwide imperiled species classification, providing coordination assistance and data from their own assessments to the IUCN's conservation assessments, and working together on ongoing assessments. NatureServe Explorer is a web-based database provides public access to NatureServe's proprietary information on US and Canadian ecosystems and plant, animal, and fungus species. This includes ranked NatureServe conservation status assessment data on state, national, and global levels, considered a leading classification of imperiled species in the United States. Infonatura is a
4262843
Radiated tortoise


The radiated tortoise ("Astrochelys radiata") is a species in the family Testudinidae. Although this species is native to and most abundant in southern Madagascar, it can also be found in the rest of this island, and has been introduced to the islands of Réunion and Mauritius. It is a very long-lived species, with recorded lifespans of at least 188 years. These tortoises are classified as critically endangered by the IUCN, mainly because of the destruction of their habitat and because of poaching. Growing to a carapace
15068610
List of cetacean species


and then species. In tabular form, seven descriptors are given for each species: the common name; the scientific name; the IUCN red list status; a global population estimate; a global map with its range; its weight with an image of its shape, and its size relative to a human; and a photograph. Conservation status codes listed follow the IUCN red list of threatened species (v. 2014.3; data current at ). Where available, the global population estimate has been listed. When not cited or footnoted
18467169
Wild Bactrian camel


years. According to the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) its status was critical in the 1960s and gradually declined to critically endangered (Criteria: A3de + 4ade) status in 2000–2004 (IUCN 2004). Wild Bactrian camels face many threats. The main threat is illegal hunting of the camels for their meat. In the Gobi Reserve Area, 25 to 30 camels are reported to be poached every year, and about 20 in the Lop Nur Reserve. Hunters have been killing the camels by laying
6416359
Phengaris rebeli


rigorously studied in Europe because it has priority conservation status and was classified as "vulnerable" in 2000 by the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. It was first brought to the IUCN's attention and listed on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species in 1986. The species was categorized as "vulnerable" because its population decreased by 20-50% in the last 25 years and has been extirpated from at least one country. The causes of this drastic population reduction are thought to be agricultural land use changes, abandonment of
12173134
Flat-backed spider tortoise


IUCN Red List. The flat-backed spider tortoise receives its name from its distinctive physical appearance. Its upper-shell (carapace) and tail are outstandingly flatter than the common tortoise. Its carapace is patterned, with each scute ranging in color from light brown to yellow center and a dark brown to black outline. In older tortoise, an additional yellow border can be seen that surrounds the dark outline. Yellow rays extend outwards from the center of each scute. Scutes along the borders of the shell (marginal) are
10791673
Pullen Island Conservation Park


Pullen Island Conservation Park is a protected area includes all of Pullen Island about south of Port Elliot in South Australia and about south of Adelaide. The park was proclaimed in 1972 under "National Parks and Wildlife Act 1972" replacing earlier protected area status as a Fauna Conservation Reserve which was proclaimed in 1967. The protected area status exists to protect the island as a breeding area for sea birds such as little penguins and silver gulls. The conservation park is classified as an IUCN Category IA protected area. In 1980, it was
680618
List of mammals of Spain


are used to highlight each species' conservation status as assessed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature. If the IUCN status of a species in Spain only is different from its global status, the status in Spain is shown next between brackets: Some species were assessed using an earlier set of criteria. Species assessed using this system have the following instead of near threatened and least concern categories: Elephant shrews are small insectivorous mammals native to Africa and members of the superorder Afrotheria. Their name derives from their elongated noses resembling the
21719885
Nepenthes fusca


suggested a revised assessment of Conservation Dependent. The IUCN status is at odds with an assessment by the World Conservation Monitoring Centre, which classified "N. fusca" as "not threatened", its lowest conservation status. Habitat destruction is considered to be the greatest threat to the species's survival in the wild. Plant poaching is of far lesser concern, as this species is not particularly sought after in the carnivorous plant hobby and its epiphytic habit makes it largely inaccessible to collectors. Among the closest relatives of "N. fusca"
1314066