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[ { "contents": "Salient (geography)\n\n\nA salient is an elongated protrusion of a geopolitical entity, such as a subnational entity or a sovereign state. While similar to a peninsula in shape, a salient is not surrounded by water on three sides. Instead, it has a land border on at least two sides and extends out from the larger geographical body of the administrative unit. In American English the term panhandle is often used to describe a relatively long and narrow salient, such as the westernmost extension of Oklahoma. Less common descriptors include chimney (if protruding northward", "id": "15451396" }, { "contents": "Salient (geography)\n\n\ninto account other considerations such as economic ties or topography. The following locations are salients in of nations. This definition includes the following counties: Bay, Calhoun, Escambia, Franklin, Gadsden, Gulf, Holmes, Jackson, Jefferson, Leon, Liberty, Madison, Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, Taylor, Wakulla, Walton, and Washington. Many people in the Pacific Northwest refer to the extreme northern section of Idaho's panhandle as \"The Chimney\", due to its resemblance to a chimney when viewed on maps. Although", "id": "15451398" }, { "contents": "Salient (geography)\n\n\n, as a chimney does from a roof, as with the northernmost extremity of West Virginia) and bootheel (if protruding southward, as the heel underneath a boot, such as the Missouri Bootheel). The term \"salient\" is derived from military salients. The term \"panhandle\" derives from the analogous part of a cooking pan, and its use is generally confined to the United States. The salient shape can be the result of arbitrarily drawn international or subnational boundaries, though the location of administrative borders can also take", "id": "15451397" }, { "contents": "Florida Panhandle\n\n\nThe Florida Panhandle (also West Florida and Northwest Florida) is the northwestern part of the U.S. state of Florida, is a strip of land roughly long and wide, lying between Alabama on the north and the west, Georgia on the north, and the Gulf of Mexico to the south. Its eastern boundary is arbitrarily defined. As is the case with the other eight U.S. states that have panhandles, the geographic meaning of the term is inexact and elastic. References to the Florida Panhandle always include the ten counties west of", "id": "21191638" }, { "contents": "Nebraska Panhandle\n\n\nThe Nebraska Panhandle is an area in the western part of the state of Nebraska and one of several U.S. state panhandles, or elongated geographical regions that extend from their main political entity. The Nebraska panhandle is two-thirds as broad as the rest of the state. It is approximately east to west and north to south. The Nebraska panhandle roughly encompasses the area in Nebraska between 102° and 104°W longitude and 41° and 43°N latitude. It comprises 11 counties with a combined land area of , or", "id": "19061706" }, { "contents": "Eastern Panhandle of West Virginia\n\n\nThe Eastern Panhandle is the eastern of the two panhandles in the U.S. state of West Virginia. It is a small stretch of territory in the northeast of the state, bordering Maryland and Virginia. Some sources and regional associations only identify the Eastern Panhandle as being composed of Morgan, Berkeley, and Jefferson Counties. Berkeley and Jefferson Counties are geographically located in the Shenandoah Valley. West Virginia is unusual in having two panhandles, the Eastern Panhandle and the Northern Panhandle. Berkeley, Hampshire, Hardy, Jefferson, and Morgan counties were", "id": "19061660" }, { "contents": "Salient (geography)\n\n\nUtah, like Nebraska, has a protrusion from its otherwise straight border, it is not usually considered a panhandle, as half of the Salt Lake City metropolitan area, the most populous region in the state and the home of the state's capital, is located in the region. Likewise, though New York has a southern protrusion that is more conspicuous than e.g. the Connecticut, Texas and Nebraska Panhandles, this is never considered a panhandle since it accommodates the most densely populated parts of the state. (In New York's", "id": "15451399" }, { "contents": "Escambia County, Florida\n\n\nmodern state boundaries. The Suwannee River was the border between them, which follows a winding path from the northern border of the state to the Gulf of Mexico. Essentially, the Escambia county government had jurisdiction over the \"panhandle\" and \"big bend\" areas and St. Johns over the remainder of the entire state. As population increased in the frontier territory, 21 counties were later organized from Escambia county directly or indirectly. They include Jackson (1821), Gadsden (created from Jackson)(1823), Leon (1824),", "id": "21309649" }, { "contents": "Escambia County, Florida\n\n\nWalton (1824), Washington (created from Jackson and Walton)(1825), Hamilton (1827), Jefferson (1827), Madison (created from Jefferson) (1827), Franklin (1832), Calhoun (1838), Santa Rosa (1842), Wakulla (created from Leon) (1843), Holmes (created from Jackson and Walton) (1848), Liberty (created from Gadsden) (1855), Lafayette and Taylor (created from Madison) (1856), Bay (created from Washington)", "id": "21309650" }, { "contents": "Panhandle, Texas\n\n\nPanhandle is the county seat of Carson County, Texas, United States. The population of the town was 2,452 at the 2010 census. Panhandle is part of the Amarillo metropolitan statistical area. Panhandle derives its name from its central location in the Texas Panhandle. Originally named \"Carson City\", it was later changed to \"Panhandle City\". In 1887, Panhandle obtained a post office, and in 1888 the town was planned as the terminus of the Panhandle and Santa Fe Railway. At that time the town was surrounded", "id": "10105425" }, { "contents": "Oklahoma Panhandle\n\n\nThe Oklahoma Panhandle is the extreme northwestern region of the U.S. state of Oklahoma, consisting of Cimarron County, Texas County and Beaver County, from west to east. As with other salients in the United States, its name comes from the similarity of its shape to the handle of a pan. The three-county Oklahoma Panhandle region had a population of 28,751 at the 2010 U.S. Census, representing 0.77% of the state's population. This is a decrease in total population of 1.2%, a loss of 361 people,", "id": "15853929" }, { "contents": "Marti Coley\n\n\nhusband to Marianna in 1985. Coley then began teaching at Malone High School, where she worked until 1989, at which point she joined the faculty of Chipola College. When her husband, State Representative David A. Coley, died, Marti Coley ran to succeed him in 2005 in the 7th District, which was based in the Florida Panhandle and included parts of Bay, Calhoun, Gadsden, Jackson, Leon, Liberty, Okaloosa, Wakulla, and Washington Counties. In a special election on June 14, 2005, Coley defeated", "id": "14735469" }, { "contents": "Alaska Peninsula\n\n\nThe Alaska Peninsula (also called Aleut Peninsula or Aleutian Peninsula) is a peninsula extending about to the southwest from the mainland of Alaska and ending in the Aleutian Islands. The peninsula separates the Pacific Ocean from Bristol Bay, an arm of the Bering Sea. In literature (especially Russian) the term ‘Alaska Peninsula’ was used to denote the entire northwestern protrusion of the North American continent, or all of what is now the state of Alaska, exclusive of its panhandle and islands. The Lake and Peninsula borough, the", "id": "10955928" }, { "contents": "Florida's 1st congressional district\n\n\nFlorida's 1st congressional district is a congressional district in the U.S. state of Florida, covering the state's western Panhandle. It includes all of Escambia, Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, and Walton counties and portions of Holmes county. The district is anchored in Pensacola and also includes the large military bedroom communities and tourist destinations of Navarre and Fort Walton Beach and stretches along the Emerald Coast. The district, as ranked by the Cook Partisan Voting Index, is the most Republican district in Florida and the 15th most in the United States", "id": "18827097" }, { "contents": "Florida Panhandle\n\n\nBay, fed by Econfina Creek. Pensacola Bay, a deepwater port, is formed by the joining of Escambia and East bays. The Gulf Intracoastal Waterway, completed in 1949, traverses the lower Panhandle by means of bays, lagoons, sounds, and man-made canals. The barrier islands of Perdido Key and Santa Rosa Island extend from the Pandhandle's western extremity to Fort Walton Beach. Interstate 10 is the only interstate highway in the Panhandle, connecting the extreme west with North Florida and Jacksonville. Other older east–", "id": "21191645" }, { "contents": "Pensacola Bay\n\n\nPensacola Bay is a bay located in the northwestern part of Florida, United States, known as the Florida Panhandle. The bay, an inlet of the Gulf of Mexico, is located in Escambia County and Santa Rosa County, adjacent to the city of Pensacola, Florida, and is about 13 miles (21 km) long and 2.5 miles (4 km) wide. The Pensacola Bay estuarine system including Escambia Bay, Pensacola Bay, Blackwater Bay, East Bay, and Santa Rosa Sound, and four rivers—the Escambia", "id": "13261668" }, { "contents": "Texas Panhandle\n\n\nThe Texas Panhandle is a region of the U.S. state of Texas consisting of the northernmost 26 counties in the state. The panhandle is a rectangular area bordered by New Mexico to the west and Oklahoma to the north and east. \"The Handbook of Texas\" defines the southern border of Swisher County as the southern boundary of the Texas Panhandle region. Its land area is , or nearly 10% of the state's total. The Texas Panhandle is slightly larger in size than the US state of West Virginia. An additional are", "id": "13769746" }, { "contents": "Effects of Hurricane Katrina in Florida\n\n\ncontrol facilities, public buildings, and recreation areas. The declaration was determined after the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) sent 20 State Emergency Response Teams to determine the extent of damage. After Hurricane Katrina struck the Gulf Coast, President Bush declared a disaster area for seven counties along the Florida panhandle on September 6; the counties were Bay, Escambia, Franklin, Gulf, Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, and Walton. In addition, Collier County in southwestern Florida was added to the list of disaster areas. In the two", "id": "12360696" }, { "contents": "Eastern Panhandle of West Virginia\n\n\n). Berkeley also includes the Panhandle's largest city, Martinsburg, with a 2010 census population of 17,227. The Eastern Panhandle is West Virginia's fastest-growing region in terms of population and housing. In July 2005, the United States Census Bureau released a list of the top 100 counties according to housing growth. Berkeley County grew 3.95 percent, from 36,365 housing units in 2003 to 37,802 units in 2004. That growth rate was 86th in the nation among the 3,143 United States counties. Jefferson County was not far behind", "id": "19061664" }, { "contents": "Florida Panhandle\n\n\naquarium in Fort Walton Beach, and the former Miracle Strip Amusement Park (1963–2004) in Panama City Beach. In 1971, the federal government acquired many acres of the coastal islands in Escambia, Santa Rosa, and Okaloosa counties, preserving them from commercial development by establishing the Gulf Islands National Seashore, which also covers some islands off the Mississippi coast. Other beach areas protected by the state of Florida include Both state and federal parks offer facilities for camping, picnicking, and other recreational pursuits. In addition, some parts of", "id": "21191659" }, { "contents": "Florida Panhandle\n\n\nthe Apalachicola River, a natural geographic boundary, which was the historic dividing line between the British colonies of West Florida and East Florida. These western counties also lie in the Central Time Zone (with the exception of Gulf County, which is divided between the Eastern and Central Time zones), while the rest of the state is in the Eastern Time Zone. References to the Panhandle \"may\" also include some or all of eight counties immediately east of the Apalachicola known as the Big Bend region, along the curve of", "id": "21191639" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\nand discourage panhandlers throughout the city, especially under unlawful circumstances including panhandling using children, aggression, false information and panhandling while loitering as prohibited by City Ordinances. Within the city of Opelika it is considered a misdemeanour to present false or misleading information while panhandling, and there are requirements for panhandlers to possess a panhandling permit. Threatening behaviours towards those solicited to are also considered misdemeanours and include; being too close, blocking the path of those approached, or panhandling in groups of two or more persons. Those previously charged with these", "id": "6576630" }, { "contents": "Effects of Hurricane Dennis in Florida\n\n\nwere directly killed while several others were killed indirectly, and total damage amounted to $1.5 billion (2005 USD). Directly after the storm, Bay, Dixie, Franklin, Gulf, Taylor, Wakulla and Walton counties were declared federal disaster areas. In the aftermath of the hurricane, president George W. Bush declared 13 counties–Bay, Calhoun, Escambia, Franklin, Gulf, Holmes, Jackson, Monroe, Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, Wakulla, Walton and Washington– in Florida as federal disaster areas. Applicants, including", "id": "8987936" }, { "contents": "Blackwater River (Florida)\n\n\nThe Blackwater River of Florida is a river rising in southern Alabama and flowing through the Florida Panhandle to the Gulf of Mexico. The river enters Florida in Okaloosa County and flows through Santa Rosa County to Blackwater Bay, an arm of Pensacola Bay. The river passes through Blackwater River State Forest and Blackwater River State Park. Milton, the county seat of Santa Rosa County, is located on the river. The Blackwater's sandy bottom, white beaches and large sandbars contrast with the dark tannic water that gives the river its name", "id": "15426373" }, { "contents": "Effects of Hurricane Dennis in Florida\n\n\nAlong the coast, severe beach erosion occurred as a result of the storm, mostly in Walton, Bay, Gulf, Franklin and Wakulla counties. As a result of the pounding surf, the Navarre pier was ripped apart in two places. Milton received of rain, which is the highest reported rainfall total in Florida caused by Dennis. Rainfall across the Florida Panhandle ranged from to , while rainfall across the central and southern portions of the state ranged from to near Tampa. In southern Leon County, flooding was reported with several", "id": "8987934" }, { "contents": "Florida Panhandle\n\n\n\". The \"Forgotten Coast\" is a trademarked term coined in the early 1990s used to refer to the coastal portion of the Florida Panhandle extending from Mexico Beach or southeastern Bay County on the Gulf of Mexico to St. Marks on Apalachee Bay. It is usually not considered a part of the Emerald Coast, which lies directly adjacent to the west. Coastal regions of the following counties (if not the entirety of the counties themselves) are usually included when referring to the Forgotten Coast: The Apalachicola River is the largest river", "id": "21191643" }, { "contents": "St. George Island (Florida)\n\n\nSt. George Island is an island off the Florida Panhandle in the northern Gulf of Mexico. It is in Franklin County, Florida, United States. St. George is a barrier island long and wide at its widest point. St. George Island is adjacent to Cape St. George Island, also known as Little St. George Island. It is connected to the mainland at Eastpoint, Florida by the long St. George Island Bridge over Apalachicola Bay. Nearby towns include Eastpoint, Carrabelle, and Apalachicola. St. George Island is informally divided into three", "id": "6700365" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\naggressive manner is illegal. Section 14-74 defines 'aggressive' as to include causing fear, following, touching, blocking or using threatening gestures in the process of panhandling. This carries a $25 fine and may include a term of imprisonment. While many laws targeting homeless populations are not new, there has been a shift in their focus. Prohibitions, including loitering and sleeping outdoors, have expanded to include strict panhandling restraints. These do not necessarily include complete bans, but can cover when, where and how panhandling", "id": "6576714" }, { "contents": "Texas Panhandle\n\n\nwas under 18 years of age. The 26 northernmost counties that make up the Texas Panhandle include: Major cities of the Texas Panhandle with populations greater than 10,000 include: Some of the smaller towns with populations less than 10,000 include: Much like the rest of West Texas and the Oklahoma Panhandle, the region is very politically and socially conservative. Following the pattern of other larger cities, Amarillo has the largest liberal population in the Panhandle. It was one of the first regions of the state to break away from its Democratic roots", "id": "13769752" }, { "contents": "Tropical Storm Barry (2001)\n\n\nwere issued for parts of Leon and Wakulla counties, while a flash flood watch was in effect for parts of southern Georgia. A tornado watch was issued for the eastern Florida Panhandle, southern Georgia, as well as portions of central and eastern Alabama. As Barry approached the Florida Panhandle, voluntary evacuations took place in eight counties. Shelters opened in six counties, though most were placed on standby. In parts of Franklin County, mandatory evacuations were ordered, and in Okaloosa County, tolls on the Mid-Bay Bridge were", "id": "11208828" }, { "contents": "Northern Panhandle of West Virginia\n\n\nby compromise in the 1780s. Today, due to the southern boundary being an extension of the Mason–Dixon line and the panhandle's proximity to the Pittsburgh area, the Northern Panhandle resembles more of the Midwestern United States or the Northeastern United States compared to the rest of the state (including the Eastern Panhandle of West Virginia), which is classified as part of the Upland South. In 2013, its northernmost two counties were included in the Pittsburgh consolidated area by the U.S. Census. The region has a total combined population", "id": "7663098" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\nmoney is not illegal and in fact, is protected by the Jackson city ordinance that prohibits panhandling. Similar legislation that prohibits begging is also in place in Mississippi's second largest city, Gulfport. In July 2012, Jackson City Councilman Quentin Whitwell proposed tripling existing fines and implementing longer jail sentences for panhandling in response to heightened community concern about aggressive panhandlers and an escalating panhandling \"epidemic\". However, this proposal was later rejected by the Jackson City Council amidst concerns from the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) of Mississippi that", "id": "6576794" }, { "contents": "Escambia Bay\n\n\nEscambia Bay is a bay located in Escambia and Santa Rosa counties, in the far western Florida Panhandle. The city of Pensacola is located on the western side, and the town of Milton is located on the northeastern end of the two-pronged bay. Both places are the county seats of the respective counties. Unusually, Escambia Bay is connected to open waters via Pensacola Bay to its southeast. It is fed primarily by the Escambia River. National Airlines Flight 193, a Boeing 727, crashed into Escambia Bay during a", "id": "13321403" }, { "contents": "West Virginia\n\n\nacross the border from the Pittsburgh metropolitan area, while Bluefield is less than from North Carolina. Huntington in the southwest is close to the states of Ohio and Kentucky, while Martinsburg and Harpers Ferry in the Eastern Panhandle region are considered part of the Washington metropolitan area, in between the states of Maryland and Virginia. The unique position of West Virginia means that it is often included in several geographical regions, including the Mid-Atlantic, the Upland South, and the Southeastern United States. It is the only state that is", "id": "14465678" }, { "contents": "George Gainer\n\n\nGeorge Gainer is an American politician who has served as a Republican member of the Florida Senate since 2016. He represents the 2nd district, encompassing Bay, Holmes, Jackson, Walton, Washington, and part of Okaloosa Counties, in the Florida Panhandle. He previously served as a Bay County commissioner, representing Tyndall AFB and other parts of southern Bay County, from 1968 to 1972 and 2002 to 2016. Gainer was born in Jackson County and attended Gulf Coast Community College. His career in the automobile business began in 1966 and", "id": "9161182" }, { "contents": "Northern Panhandle of West Virginia\n\n\nThe Northern Panhandle is the northern of the two panhandles in the U.S. state of West Virginia. It is a culturally and geographically distinct region of the state. It is the state's northernmost extension, bounded by Ohio and the Ohio River on the north and west and the state of Pennsylvania on the east. Its unusual configuration is the result of the Revolutionary-era claims of Virginia's former Yohogania County boundary lying along the Ohio River, conflicting with interpretations of the Colony of Pennsylvania's royal charter. The conflict was settled", "id": "7663097" }, { "contents": "Florida State Road 4\n\n\nState Road 4 (SR 4) is a two-lane state highway in Escambia, Santa Rosa, and Okaloosa counties in the western corner of the Florida Panhandle. It is signed east–west, but the road is slightly diagonal. The road runs from Century near the Alabama state line at an intersection with U.S. Highway 29 (US 29), to the farming community of Milligan at an intersection with US 90. The road cuts through the Blackwater River State Forest. It crosses the Escambia River, West Fork Big", "id": "16368801" }, { "contents": "Florida Panhandle\n\n\nWalton Beach, Destin and Panama City regularly give Republicans close to or over 70% margins in state and national elections. However, Tallahassee and Gadsden County tend to be strongly Democratic. In the 2008 Presidential election, John McCain received 421,287 votes (60.1%) in the Panhandle, while Barack Obama received 279,206 votes (39.9%). The following counties west of the Apalachicola River are \"always\" included in references to the Panhandle: Some or all of the following counties east of the Apalachicola, in the Big Bend", "id": "21191655" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\nmethods to stop panhandling. This has been developed in the mode of a myriad of pamphlets regarding available services for the homeless which can be printed off and distributed by businesses when they encounter persons panhandling or begging. Such services often report back to the Homeless Outreach Team in an attempt to reduce the prevalence of homelessness in the long-term. Persons encountering panhandlers and beggars in Kansas, if unable to politely refuse, are encouraged to contact 911. Many city and counties within the United States have enacted ordinances to limit or ban", "id": "6576742" }, { "contents": "1975 Atlantic hurricane season\n\n\neastern Louisiana. Once inland, the depression slowly weakened and re-curved northwestward on July 30 into Mississippi. Around that time, the depression dissipated. The remnants persisted at least until August 3, at which time it was situated over Arkansas. The tropical depression dropped heavy rainfall, with some areas of the Florida Panhandle experiencing more than of precipitation, with a maximum total of observed in DeFuniak Springs. Bay, Gulf, Holmes, Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, Wakulla, and Walton were hardest hit. Numerous roads were flooded", "id": "5467703" }, { "contents": "Franklin County, Florida\n\n\nFranklin County includes part of Tate's Hell State Forest. Bald Point State Park is nearby. The county's river's include the Carrabelle River and its tributaries the New River (Florida Panhandle) and Crooked River (Florida), visited by paddlers. The extreme eastern tip of the county is bordered by the Ochlockonee River. Also, St. James Island, while part of the mainland, is technically an island, being separated from the rest of Franklin County by rivers and an estuary. As of the census of 2000,", "id": "21309702" }, { "contents": "Euphorbia telephioides\n\n\nEuphorbia telephioides is a rare species of euphorb known by the common name Telephus spurge. It is endemic to Florida in the United States, where it is known only from three counties in the Panhandle. It is a federally listed threatened species of the United States. This spurge grows in coastal areas in Bay, Gulf, and Franklin Counties in Florida. It is present at about 38 known locations, with some locations newly discovered and some recently extirpated. The habitat is scrub and forest where it often grows alongside slash (\"", "id": "18648849" }, { "contents": "Choctawhatchee Bay\n\n\nChoctawhatchee Bay is a bay in the Emerald Coast region of the Florida Panhandle. The bay, located within Okaloosa and Walton counties, has a surface area of 129 mi (334 km). It is an inlet of the Gulf of Mexico, connected to it through East Pass (also known as Destin Pass). It also connects to Santa Rosa Sound in Fort Walton Beach, Florida to the west and to St. Andrews Bay in Bay County to the east, via the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway. East Pass is the only", "id": "12922504" }, { "contents": "Florida Panhandle\n\n\nApalachee Bay. Like North Central Florida, the Panhandle is more similar in culture and climate to the Deep South than to South Florida in the lower peninsula, being known for its conservative politics and \"piney woods.\" The largest city in the Panhandle is Tallahassee, the state capital, population 188,107 (2014). However, the largest population grouping is the Pensacola Metropolitan Area with a population of 474,081. The total population of the Panhandle, as of the 2010 Census, was 1,407,925, just under 7.5% of Florida", "id": "21191640" }, { "contents": "Aggressive panhandling\n\n\nsuch as near automated teller machines, in a restroom or near your car. This is considered aggressive panhandling and in Indiana it is against the law.\" Constitutional lawyers, including but not limited to the American Civil Liberties Union, have secured a series of court decisions confirming their view that the First Amendment of the United States Constitution protects activities which some local ordinances have attempted to proscribe as illegal panhandling. In response, many jurisdictions have responded by narrowing the definition of illegal panhandling. The generally accepted terminology is to denominate such", "id": "12928769" }, { "contents": "Effects of Hurricane Katrina in Florida\n\n\n. Winds along the Florida panhandle peaked at in Pensacola, with gusts to . High winds briefly closed the Interstate 10 bridge over Escambia Bay in Pensacola. The outer rainbands of the hurricane spawned five tornadoes, all of them weak and not very damaging. Rainfall along the panhandle reached in Philpot, which caused flooding. The winds caused damage to some trees and structures and there was some minor flooding in the panhandle. There were two indirect fatalities from Katrina in Walton County as a result of a traffic accident. Along the Florida", "id": "12360694" }, { "contents": "Florida Conference of Seventh-day Adventists\n\n\nFlorida Conference of Seventh-day Adventists is the organizational body of the Seventh-day Adventist Church for the state of Florida, United States. It is based in Altamonte Springs, Florida. In Spring 2014, the organization relocated from Winter Park, Florida. It is a subdivision of the Southern Union, which in turn is part of the North American Division, one of the 13 worldwide organizational Divisions of the Church. Its territory includes all of the State of Florida except the 10 westernmost panhandle counties: Bay, Calhoun,", "id": "2449992" }, { "contents": "Western short grasslands\n\n\nThe Western short grasslands is a temperate grassland ecoregion of the United States. This ecoregion largely corresponds with the geographical region known as the High Plains. It is located in eastern, northern, and central Montana, eastern Wyoming, western Nebraska (the Nebraska Panhandle), eastern Colorado, western Kansas, western Oklahoma (the Oklahoma Panhandle), eastern New Mexico, the Texas Panhandle and parts of west-central Texas and a very small portion of southwestern South Dakota. The Western short grasslands are characterised by a semi-arid", "id": "11982310" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\nDepartment in Virginia reportedly discouraged citizens from giving to panhandlers in the area, in that \"there's no telling what the cash will be used for\". While many are discouraging giving to panhandlers on motorways due to the context of 'risk', they also appear to portray an underlining negative bias and view of illegitimacy toward people who engage in panhandling. As police in some counties cannot directly arrest someone for begging, the Arlington Police Department note that they do arrest panhandlers for other offences for jaywalking and other traffic related", "id": "6576861" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\nother particular forms of panhandling including asking for money within 15 feet of an ATM or other location where money is dispensed, following someone to ask them for money, panhandling on private property such as going to someone's front door and asking for money, and panhandling in street traffic. The American Civil Liberties Union has raised numerous concerns over Omaha's previous and current panhandling ordinance as it was a violation of the First Amendment and entered negotiations with the City Attorney's Office about their unconstitutional ordinances. The City Council however did not", "id": "6576802" }, { "contents": "History of Pensacola, Florida\n\n\nPensacola and west from Saint Augustine. The riders met at the Indian village of Tallahassee, which was designated as the new territorial capital city. With the development of large cotton plantations, Florida's growing population was 50% enslaved African Americans. In the Panhandle, most slaves outside Pensacola were held by people in Tallahassee and in the plantation counties near the Georgia border, notably Jackson, Gadsden, Leon, and Jefferson. Near the coast, the soil had more sand and was less useful for plantation agriculture. On March 3", "id": "2371441" }, { "contents": "Macbridea alba\n\n\nMacbridea alba is a rare species of flowering plant in the mint family known by the common name white birds-in-a-nest. It is endemic to Florida in the United States, where it is found in four counties in the Florida Panhandle. It is threatened by the loss and degradation of its habitat, and it is federally listed as a threatened species of the United States. This plant grows in the counties of Gulf, Liberty, Franklin and Bay in Florida. There are just under 10,000 individuals in total", "id": "13276590" }, { "contents": "Idaho Panhandle\n\n\nThe Idaho Panhandle—locally known as North Idaho—is a region in the U.S. state of Idaho encompassing the state's 10 northernmost counties: Benewah, Bonner, Boundary, Clearwater, Idaho, Kootenai, Latah, Lewis, Nez Perce, and Shoshone (though the southern part of the region is sometimes referred to as North Central Idaho). The Panhandle is bordered by the state of Washington to the west, Montana to the east, and the Canadian province of British Columbia to the north. The Idaho panhandle, along", "id": "7517710" }, { "contents": "Florida Panhandle\n\n\nof fine quartz eroded from granite in the Appalachian Mountains. The sand is carried seaward by rivers and creeks and deposited by currents along the shore. The beach towns in the Panhandle, many of which play host to college students during spring break, are sometimes derisively called \"the Redneck Riviera\". The term was used as the title of a song by country music artist Tom T. Hall on his 1996 album \"Songs from Sopchoppy\". The album takes its name from a town in rural Wakulla County, near Tallahassee.", "id": "21191657" }, { "contents": "Liatris provincialis\n\n\nLiatris provincialis is a species of flowering plant in the aster family known by the common names Godfrey's blazing star and Godfrey's gayflower. It is endemic to Florida in the United States, where it is limited to Wakulla and Franklin Counties in the Panhandle. This perennial herb grows from a corm and reaches up to 90 centimeters tall. The leaves are linear to lance-shaped and up to 15 centimeters long near the base of the stem, becoming much smaller and narrower farther up the stem. The flower heads are arranged", "id": "8746836" }, { "contents": "1995 Atlantic hurricane season\n\n\nsevere damage in the panhandle. From Wakulla County westward, many structures including homes and buildings were swept away or suffered some degree of damage. In Escambia, Okaloosa, and Santa Rosa counties, nearly 300 homes were destroyed and 1,000 others suffered major damage. The storm left at least $2.1 billion in damage in Florida. In Alabama, storm surge ranging from left significant damage in coastal counties. Inland, tropical storm force winds gusts were observed as far north as Huntsville. Numerous trees and power lines were downed in several", "id": "18736850" }, { "contents": "Doug Broxson\n\n\nDouglas Vaughn \"Doug\" Broxson (born March 10, 1949) is an American politician who is a Republican member of the Florida Senate, representing the 1st district, which includes Escambia, Santa Rosa, and part of Okaloosa Counties in the Florida Panhandle, since 2016. He previously served in the Florida House of Representatives, representing northern Okaloosa County and Santa Rosa County from 2010 to 2016. On March 3, 2018, Broxson rejected a two-year moratorium on the sale of AR-15s. Broxson was born in Pensacola.", "id": "8705642" }, { "contents": "Galilee Panhandle\n\n\nThe Galilee Panhandle (, \"Etzba HaGalil\" (lit. \"Finger of the Galilee\"), is an elongated geopolitical area or \"panhandle\" in northern Israel comprising the northernmost section of the Upper Galilee held by Israel, and the northern Jordan Rift Valley. The Galilee Panhandle incorporates five municipal authorities. Towns in the Galilee Panhandle include Metula and Kiryat Shmona. The Galilee Panhandle is a narrow strip of land running from the Israel-Lebanon border in the far north to an imaginary line above the Hula Valley in the", "id": "15996103" }, { "contents": "Choctawhatchee River\n\n\nfigure in the Florida Panhandle and was highly respected by whites. Following the United States' acquisition of this territory in 1821 from Spain, European Americans entered the panhandle in greater numbers, encroaching on Euchee and Creek territory. In 1814 Andrew Jackson built a stockade called the \"Block House\" at the confluence of the East and West forks of the Chocktawhatchee, near Newton. European-American settlers also used the river in their time, from the years of the earliest land patents around Geneva (1841) until the late 1930s", "id": "18651850" }, { "contents": "Florida's Hazelhurst terrace and shoreline\n\n\nthe mapping by the Florida Geological Survey's terraces and shorelines as a geological marker for marine presence. The Hazelhurst exists in many Florida panhandle counties west to east. What would be Gadsden and Liberty County, Florida in particular had a very large landmass not only created by rising and lowering sea levels, but from depositions from the Apalachicola River on Gadsden's west side. This high ground is within the Tifton/Tallahassee Uplands. Other counties with substantial landmass are Escambia (Perdido River), Santa Rosa (Black River),", "id": "3977543" }, { "contents": "Geography of Florida\n\n\nMuch of the state of Florida is situated on a peninsula between the Gulf of Mexico, the Atlantic Ocean, and the Straits of Florida. Spanning two time zones, it extends to the northwest into a panhandle along the northern Gulf of Mexico. It is bordered on the north by the states of Georgia and Alabama, and on the west, at the end of the panhandle, by Alabama. It is near The Bahamas and several Caribbean countries, particularly Cuba. Florida has 131 public airports, and more than 700 private", "id": "17334477" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 90\n\n\nEscambia bridge between Santa Rosa and Escambia counties. The highway's route continues to the north of I-10 as a two-lane highway through most of the sparsely-populated inland areas of the panhandle, becoming four lanes through and near several towns. In Gadsden County, US 90 cuts to the southeast toward downtown Tallahassee, where it passes the north entrance of Florida State University and expands to six lanes until its intersection with US 27. The portion of the highway that extends through Midway has been designated as the Alfred Lawson,", "id": "4020282" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\npanhandling from busy streets by encouraging citizens to donate money to not-for-profit shelters and food banks, rather than directly donating to panhandling persons. In 2012, Allegany County imposed narrow restrictions on panhandling, allowing only one day permit per person per year for roadside solicitations. Other areas of Maryland with similar permit provisions include Cecil, Frederick and Baltimore counties. In 2012, certain panhandling ordinances within Frederick County revived First Amendment debates after undercover police officers donated money to begging persons and subsequently arrested them on panhandling charges. Frederick", "id": "6576759" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\nmisdemeanour) could increase this penalty to a maximum fine of $500 and/or up to 6 months in jail. While the Tennessee Code is written in very broad and general terms, several city ordinances, most of which were enacted before the Tennessee Code, provide specific restraints on the actions of panhandlers. The Memphis Code of Ordinances contains a very lengthy and detailed section (§ 6-56) on panhandling. Under this section, panhandling is prohibited within a specified zone of Downtown Memphis and is generally prohibited between the hours of", "id": "6576834" }, { "contents": "Texas's 13th congressional district\n\n\nTexas District 13 of the United States House of Representatives is a Congressional District of the U.S. state of Texas that includes most of the Texas Panhandle, parts of Texoma and northeastern parts of North Texas. It winds across the Panhandle into the South Plains, then runs east across the Red River Valley. Covering over , it is the second-largest district geographically in Texas and larger in area than thirteen entire states. The principal cities in the district are Amarillo and Wichita Falls. The current Representative is Republican Mac Thornberry. According", "id": "3400568" }, { "contents": "Gulf Coastal Plain\n\n\nThe Gulf Coastal Plain extends around the Gulf of Mexico in the Southern United States and eastern Mexico. The plain reaches from the Florida Panhandle, southwest Georgia, the southern two-thirds of Alabama, over most of Mississippi, western Tennessee and Kentucky, into southern Illinois, the Missouri Bootheel, eastern and southern Arkansas, all of Louisiana, the southeast corner of Oklahoma, and easternmost Texas in the United States. It continues along the Gulf in northeastern and eastern Mexico, through Tamaulipas and Veracruz to Tabasco and the Yucatán Peninsula", "id": "14786658" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\nis the use of public or city owned space to sleep or to protect one's personal belongings. For example, the use of a tent underneath a bridge in order to serve as a living space is prohibited. Action towards panhandling has also been seen from the government. Many downtown cities around the United States have tried to combat panhandlers by prohibiting panhandling at certain locations as well as restricting the time periods that it is allowed. In Georgia, Atlanta was proactive with this idea by banning panhandling in what is known as the", "id": "6576710" }, { "contents": "Smooth softshell turtle\n\n\nThe smooth softshell turtle (\"Apalone mutica\") is a species of softshell turtle of the family Trionychidae. The species is endemic to North America. \"A. mutica\" is native to North America. It is distributed throughout the central and southcentral United States as its geographic range extends from western Pennsylvania to New Mexico and south to the Florida panhandle. Smooth softshells turtles inhabit the Mississippi River drainage from Louisiana up to North Dakota and Pennsylvania, as well as the Colorado, Brazos, Sabine, and Pearl, Alabama and Escambia", "id": "3718421" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\ncontrol of panhandling, there is a variety of methods used across the state depending on the issues in each city. Many cities such as Mobile, Alabama have introduced a set of ordinances to prohibit panhandling in the \"Downtown Visitors Domain\" area, as well regulations for panhandlers in the rest of the city including disallowing; panhandling at night, physical contact while panhandling, panhandling in groups, and approaching those in queues or traffic. These ordinances are an improvement on the previously vague prohibition of \"begging\". For those soliciting", "id": "6576626" }, { "contents": "Southeast Alaska\n\n\nSoutheast Alaska, colloquially referred to as the Alaska Panhandle or Alaskan Panhandle, is the southeastern portion of the U.S. state of Alaska, bordered to the east by the northern half of the Canadian province of British Columbia. The majority of Southeast Alaska's area is part of the Tongass National Forest, the United States' largest national forest. In many places, the international border runs along the crest of the Boundary Ranges of the Coast Mountains (see Alaska boundary dispute). The region is noted for its scenery and mild rainy", "id": "2599514" }, { "contents": "Panhandle hook\n\n\nA panhandle hook storm has its origins as a strong shortwave low pressure system which traverses the base of a long-wave low pressure trough while geographically coincident with the southwestern United States. Such systems ubiquitously develop a surface low-pressure system in the northwestern Texas and western Oklahoma area (as an eddy effect interaction of the topography of the Rocky Mountains in relation to the jet stream) with associated warm front and cold front, with attending snow to the northwest of the low and severe thunderstorms to the southeast -- the \"hook", "id": "11032666" }, { "contents": "Aggressive panhandling\n\n\nactivity as aggressive panhandling. In 1991 and 1992, federal courts overturned New York and California state laws that made aggressive panhandling illegal. It was observed that \"Groups and individuals all over the United States engage in highly public fundraising for all sorts of causes and charities.\" Restrictions defining solicitation or panhandling as aggressive regard both manner and context. A typical ordinance is one from Longview, Washington: 9.23.030 Place of panhandling – Violation. It shall be unlawful for any person to panhandle when the person solicited is in any of the", "id": "12928770" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\n\"tourist triangle\" in August 2005. Another ban prohibited panhandling within 15 feet of common public places such as ATM's and train stations. Violations are punished with either a fine or imprisonment. In 2012 the city of Atlanta created an anti-panhandling law which criminalizes aggressive panhandling. Aggressive panhandling is defined as any form of gestures or intense intervention for the sake of retrieving monetary substance. This includes blocking the path of a bystander, following a bystander, using harsh language directed at a bystander, or any other indications that", "id": "6576711" }, { "contents": "List of geographical regions in Texas\n\n\nTexas is the second-largest state in the United States, with an area of and a population of 27.47 million in 254 counties. This covers an area wide by long. Due to its location and size, it is a part of a large number of unique geological regions, including the piney woods of East Texas, the plains in the Panhandle, the mountains in far West Texas, and hundreds of miles of coastline. There are several different methods used to describe the geographic and geological differences within the state, and", "id": "8963969" }, { "contents": "Spanish language in the United States\n\n\n(both Americans and other immigrant Europeans). After the Mexican War of Independence from Spain, California, Nevada, Arizona, Utah, western Colorado and southwestern Wyoming also became part of the Mexican territory of Alta California. Most of New Mexico, western Texas, southern Colorado, southwestern Kansas, and the Oklahoma panhandle were part of the territory of Santa Fe de Nuevo México. The geographical isolation and unique political history of this territory led to New Mexican Spanish differing notably from both Spanish spoken in other parts of the United States", "id": "16767467" }, { "contents": "Florida Panhandle\n\n\n's total population as recorded in the same census. \"Emerald Coast\", a term coined in 1983, refers in general to the beaches and coastal resorts from Pensacola to Port St. Joe, but is sometimes used to refer, by extension, to the Panhandle as a whole, especially west of the Apalachicola. Earlier designations include \"Playground of the Gulfcoast\" and the \"Miracle Strip\", especially for the area between Fort Walton Beach and Panama City. Coastal regions of the following counties (if not the entirety of", "id": "21191641" }, { "contents": "Oklahoma Panhandle\n\n\nthe Panhandle traces its origins as being part of the Spanish New Spain empire. The Transcontinental Treaty (Adams–Onís Treaty) of 1819 between Spain and the United States set the western boundary of this portion of the Louisiana Purchase at the 100th meridian. With Mexican independence in 1821, these lands became part of Mexico. With the formation of the Texas Republic, they became part of Texas. When Texas joined the U.S. in 1846, the strip became part of the United States. The Cimarron Cutoff for the Santa Fe Trail", "id": "15853934" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\non panhandling and vending at all highway intersections was proposed in 2001, but was later revised to apply only to Charles County. In 2006, the Anne Arundel County Council enacted a ban on panhandling by children under 18 years old. In April 2007, the Maryland General Assembly passed a bill banning panhandling beside and on Anne Arundel County roadways, as well as prohibiting the display of political signs or advertising messages on any public roadways. The American Civil Liberties Union have consistently opposed solicitation bans, due to concerns that legislation may hinder", "id": "6576757" }, { "contents": "Connecticut panhandle\n\n\nThe Connecticut Panhandle is the southwestern appendage of Connecticut, where it abuts New York State. It is contained entirely in Fairfield County and includes all of Greenwich, Stamford, New Canaan, and Darien, as well as parts of Norwalk and Wilton. It has some of the most expensive residential real estate in the United States. The irregularity in the boundary is the result of territorial disputes in the late 17th century, culminating with New York giving up its claim to this area, whose residents considered themselves part of Connecticut. In", "id": "1465841" }, { "contents": "Gulf Coast of the United States\n\n\nrivers, the largest of which is the Mississippi River. Much of the land along the Gulf Coast is, or was, marshland. Ringing the Gulf Coast is the Gulf Coastal Plain which reaches from Southern Texas to the western Florida Panhandle while the western portions of the Gulf Coast are made up of many barrier islands and peninsulas, including the Padre Island and Galveston Island located in the U.S. State of Texas. These landforms protect numerous bays and inlets providing as a barrier to oncoming waves. The central part of the Gulf Coast", "id": "11618304" }, { "contents": "Tallahassee, Florida\n\n\nOceanic and Atmospheric Administration maintains a National Weather Service in Tallahassee. Their coverage-warning area includes the eastern Florida Panhandle and adjacent Gulf of Mexico waters, the north-central Florida peninsula, and parts of southeastern Alabama and southwestern Georgia. The United States Army Reserve 81st Regional Support Command (USAR) opened an Army Reserve Center at 4307 Jackson Bluff Road. The Naval and Marine Corps Reserve Center (NMCRC) is at 2910 Roberts Avenue host the United States Navy Reserve Navy Operational Support Center Tallahassee (NOSC Tallahassee) and the", "id": "12569798" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\ndonations for charitable organizations, a permit must be obtained for the fundraising operation to be exempt from panhandling ordinances. Panhandling in the Downtown Visitors Domain may result in fines and jail sentences for those involved. Another effort to limit panhandling in Mobile is an initiative using donation meters through which people can donate money to approved charities in attempts to resolve the necessity of panhandling by providing disadvantaged citizens with resources. This method attempts to lessen the recurring arrest and release of the publicly intoxicated, who are often homeless or vagrant and participate in panhandling", "id": "6576627" }, { "contents": "History of Pennsylvania\n\n\na new state constitution in 1790; the constitution replaced the executive council with a governor and a bicameral legislature. Pennsylvania's borders took definitive shape in the decades before and after the Revolutionary War. The Mason–Dixon line established the borders between Pennsylvania and Maryland, and was later extended to serve as the border between Pennsylvania and Virginia (except for what is now West Virginia's northern panhandle). Although some settlers proposed the creation of the state of Westsylvania in the area that now contains Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania retained control of the", "id": "8703019" }, { "contents": "Madison County, Florida\n\n\nMadison County is a county located in the state of Florida, in the center of its northern border with Georgia. As of the 2010 census, the population was 19,224. Its county seat is also called Madison. As of August 28, 2012, Madison became a wet county, meaning that voters had approved the legal sale, possession, or distribution of alcoholic beverages. Located in what is known as the Florida Panhandle, Madison County was created in 1827. It was named for James Madison, fourth President of the United", "id": "21742211" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\nKentucky Supreme Court. In contrast, the city of Ashland, Kentucky has not come under scrutiny as their ordinance is less comprehensive and therefore less likely to impede individuals rights. However, recently the ordinance was amended to further crack down on the act of panhandling, adding an amendment to stop panhandlers from walking out into traffic, in an attempt to keep both beggars and the public safe. Panhandling laws are often controversial as they are generally welcomed by the public, who can feel harassed. However, it is also argued that", "id": "6576745" }, { "contents": "Florida's 1st congressional district\n\n\n. The district is currently represented by Republican Matt Gaetz. The district encompasses the western part of the Florida Panhandle, in the extreme western portion of the state, stretching from Pensacola and the Alabama border east to include Walton, Holmes, and Washington counties. Most of the territory now in the 1st District had been the 3rd District from 1903 to 1963; however, it has been numbered as the 1st District since then. It cast aside its Democratic roots far sooner than most of the other areas of the state. It", "id": "18827098" }, { "contents": "Northwest Florida Water Management District\n\n\nThe Northwest Florida Water Management District (NWFWMD) stretches from the St. Marks River Basin in Jefferson County to the Perdido River in Escambia County. The District is one of five water management districts in Florida created by the Water Resources Act of 1972. The District has worked for decades to protect and manage water resources in a sustainable manner for the continued welfare of people and natural systems across its 16-county region. It serves Bay, Calhoun, Escambia, Franklin, Gadsden, Gulf, Holmes, Jackson, Leon, Liberty, Okaloosa", "id": "20958691" }, { "contents": "List of peninsulas\n\n\nof southern France. Scandinavia is a peninsula and along with other islands encompassing present-day Sweden, Norway, and part of Finland. Florida is a well-known example of a large peninsula, with its land area divided between the larger Florida peninsula and the smaller Florida panhandle on the north and west. It has several smaller peninsulas within it: Michigan – the only bi-peninsular state – is very distinguishable for its mitten-shaped Lower Peninsula of Michigan which includes: The rifle-shaped Upper Peninsula of Michigan contains", "id": "3528823" }, { "contents": "State of Mexico\n\n\nof Hidalgo, Guerrero and Morelos. These territorial separations have left the state with the size and shape it has today, with the Toluca Valley to the west of Mexico City and a panhandle that extends around the north and east of this entity. The state name is simply \"México\" according to the 1917 Constitution of the United Mexican States, but to distinguish it from both the city and the country it is most often called \"Estado de México\". The demonym used to refer to people and things from the state", "id": "5266359" }, { "contents": "Pensacola, Florida\n\n\nPensacola () is the westernmost city in the Florida Panhandle, approximately from the border with Alabama, and the county seat of Escambia County, in the U.S. state of Florida. As of the 2010 census, the city had a total population of 51,923, down from 56,255 at the 2000 census. Pensacola is the principal city of the Pensacola metropolitan area, which had an estimated 494,883 residents . Pensacola is the site of the first Spanish settlement within the borders of the continental United States in 1559, predating the establishment of St.", "id": "18287772" }, { "contents": "Exit poll\n\n\nstate. In the 2000 US presidential election it was alleged that media organizations released exit poll results for Florida before the polls closed in the Republican-leaning counties of the panhandle, as part of the westernmost area of the state is one hour behind the main peninsula. A study by economist John Lott found an \"unusual\" decline in Panhandle voter turnout compared to previous elections, and that the networks' early call of Florida for Democrat Al Gore may have depressed Republican turnout in other states where the polls remained open. Some", "id": "8813323" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\n. An important concern for those in Alabama's capital city, Montgomery, is those who travel from other cities to panhandle, with a police report from November 2016 showing that most panhandlers in the area had travelled to the city for the purposes of begging. In the city of Daphne, panhandling is prohibited within 25 feet of public roadways and violators are subject to fines, while the cities of Gardendale and Vestavia Hills prevent all forms of panhandling on private and public property. The city of Tuscaloosa prohibits all aggressive panhandling, as", "id": "6576628" }, { "contents": "Wiregrass Region\n\n\nThe Wiregrass Region—or Wiregrass Country—is an area of the Southern United States encompassing parts of southern Georgia, southeastern Alabama, and the Florida Panhandle. The region is named for the native \"Aristida stricta\", commonly known as wiregrass due to its texture. The region stretches approximately from just below Macon, Georgia and follows the Fall Line west to Montgomery, Alabama. From there it turns south and runs to approximately Washington County, Florida in the northern panhandle. From there it runs east, roughly making its southern", "id": "654692" }, { "contents": "Tropical Depression Six (1975)\n\n\ncurved northeastward on July 30 into Mississippi, shortly before degenerating into a remnant low pressure area. The remnants moved through northern Louisiana and Arkansas until dissipating on August 3. The tropical depression dropped heavy rainfall, with some areas of the Florida Panhandle experiencing more than of precipitation. Rainfall from the depression contributed significantly toward making it the wettest July in the Florida Panhandle since 1923. Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, and Walton counties were hardest hit by flooding. Numerous roads were flooded and closed, with $3.2 million (1975 USD)", "id": "8068348" }, { "contents": "Florida Panhandle\n\n\nhas never been a producer of citrus crops because the area is subject to regular frosts and freezes in wintertime, which destroy citrus fruits. The following institutions of higher learning are located in the Panhandle. State University System: Florida College System: Religiously affiliated: The politics of the Florida Panhandle vary considerably depending on location. The western Panhandle, particularly the Emerald Coast, was one of the earliest areas to shake off its Yellow Dog Democrat roots, and since the 1990s has become the Republican area of Florida. Pensacola, Fort", "id": "21191654" }, { "contents": "Cuphea aspera\n\n\nCuphea aspera is a species of flowering plant in the loosestrife family known by the common names tropical waxweed and Chapman's waxweed. It is endemic to Florida in the United States, where it is limited to Gulf and Franklin Counties on the central Florida Panhandle. It has likely been extirpated from Calhoun County. This perennial herb grows up to about 40 centimeters tall from a woody, branching rootstock. The stems are coated in white hairs and purplish glandular hairs. The oppositely arranged or whorled leaves are each up to 2.5 centimeters long", "id": "4965520" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\nasking for donations, as well as actions and behaviours requesting donations within a public space. The idea has been quite contentious. Some media reports reflect calls for increased enforcement of laws against panhandlers, and others report that the ban on panhandling in public spaces is against the civil liberties of individuals, and unconstitutional as it infringes on the First Amendment. In regards to the permit proposal, community opinion was split, with some calling strongly for the implementation of a $25 permit that would need to be carried by panhandlers. The", "id": "6576859" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\n), 2,817 are veterans, and an estimated 5,615 are individuals experiencing chronic homelessness. Panhandling and Begging For 2016, the US Census Bureau reported that there were 3,116,886 people in poverty in Florida, or 15.7% of the state's population. 22.8% of them are children. Begging and panhandling are often a consequence of pervasive poverty due to the need to source money. When focusing on the laws against begging and panhandling it is important to begin with the fact that people become beggars and panhandlers for various reasons. They could", "id": "6576695" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\n7pm and 8am. Similar to the Nashville ordinance, the Memphis ordinance also expressly states areas where panhandling is prohibited including, but not limited to, within 25-feet of any religious assembly, within 50-feet of any entrance or exit from a bank/ATM machine and in any public transportation vehicle. In October 2016, the Memphis City Council voted to extend the ban on panhandling to between 5pm and 10am and to also extend the areas that panhandling is prohibited. Councillor Philip Spinosa Jr. declared that this extension entirely relates", "id": "6576835" }, { "contents": "Border irregularities of the United States\n\n\nBorder irregularities of the United States, particularly panhandles and highway incursions into other jurisdictions, are shown here. Often they are a result of borders which do not conform to geological features. There are several exclaves between the United States and Canada, including the entire state of Alaska (though the state can still be accessed by sea from the United States, except the small settlement Hyder which is only accessible by road from British Columbia). Other exclaves include Akwesasne, the Northwest Angle, and Point Roberts. The status of the", "id": "10873309" } ]

[ { "contents": "Salient (geography)\n\n\nA salient is an elongated protrusion of a geopolitical entity, such as a subnational entity or a sovereign state. While similar to a peninsula in shape, a salient is not surrounded by water on three sides. Instead, it has a land border on at least two sides and extends out from the larger geographical body of the administrative unit. In American English the term panhandle is often used to describe a relatively long and narrow salient, such as the westernmost extension of Oklahoma. Less common descriptors include chimney (if protruding northward", "id": "15451396" }, { "contents": "Salient (geography)\n\n\ninto account other considerations such as economic ties or topography. The following locations are salients in of nations. This definition includes the following counties: Bay, Calhoun, Escambia, Franklin, Gadsden, Gulf, Holmes, Jackson, Jefferson, Leon, Liberty, Madison, Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, Taylor, Wakulla, Walton, and Washington. Many people in the Pacific Northwest refer to the extreme northern section of Idaho's panhandle as \"The Chimney\", due to its resemblance to a chimney when viewed on maps. Although", "id": "15451398" }, { "contents": "Salient (geography)\n\n\n, as a chimney does from a roof, as with the northernmost extremity of West Virginia) and bootheel (if protruding southward, as the heel underneath a boot, such as the Missouri Bootheel). The term \"salient\" is derived from military salients. The term \"panhandle\" derives from the analogous part of a cooking pan, and its use is generally confined to the United States. The salient shape can be the result of arbitrarily drawn international or subnational boundaries, though the location of administrative borders can also take", "id": "15451397" }, { "contents": "Florida Panhandle\n\n\nThe Florida Panhandle (also West Florida and Northwest Florida) is the northwestern part of the U.S. state of Florida, is a strip of land roughly long and wide, lying between Alabama on the north and the west, Georgia on the north, and the Gulf of Mexico to the south. Its eastern boundary is arbitrarily defined. As is the case with the other eight U.S. states that have panhandles, the geographic meaning of the term is inexact and elastic. References to the Florida Panhandle always include the ten counties west of", "id": "21191638" }, { "contents": "Nebraska Panhandle\n\n\nThe Nebraska Panhandle is an area in the western part of the state of Nebraska and one of several U.S. state panhandles, or elongated geographical regions that extend from their main political entity. The Nebraska panhandle is two-thirds as broad as the rest of the state. It is approximately east to west and north to south. The Nebraska panhandle roughly encompasses the area in Nebraska between 102° and 104°W longitude and 41° and 43°N latitude. It comprises 11 counties with a combined land area of , or", "id": "19061706" }, { "contents": "Eastern Panhandle of West Virginia\n\n\nThe Eastern Panhandle is the eastern of the two panhandles in the U.S. state of West Virginia. It is a small stretch of territory in the northeast of the state, bordering Maryland and Virginia. Some sources and regional associations only identify the Eastern Panhandle as being composed of Morgan, Berkeley, and Jefferson Counties. Berkeley and Jefferson Counties are geographically located in the Shenandoah Valley. West Virginia is unusual in having two panhandles, the Eastern Panhandle and the Northern Panhandle. Berkeley, Hampshire, Hardy, Jefferson, and Morgan counties were", "id": "19061660" }, { "contents": "Salient (geography)\n\n\nUtah, like Nebraska, has a protrusion from its otherwise straight border, it is not usually considered a panhandle, as half of the Salt Lake City metropolitan area, the most populous region in the state and the home of the state's capital, is located in the region. Likewise, though New York has a southern protrusion that is more conspicuous than e.g. the Connecticut, Texas and Nebraska Panhandles, this is never considered a panhandle since it accommodates the most densely populated parts of the state. (In New York's", "id": "15451399" }, { "contents": "Escambia County, Florida\n\n\nmodern state boundaries. The Suwannee River was the border between them, which follows a winding path from the northern border of the state to the Gulf of Mexico. Essentially, the Escambia county government had jurisdiction over the \"panhandle\" and \"big bend\" areas and St. Johns over the remainder of the entire state. As population increased in the frontier territory, 21 counties were later organized from Escambia county directly or indirectly. They include Jackson (1821), Gadsden (created from Jackson)(1823), Leon (1824),", "id": "21309649" }, { "contents": "Escambia County, Florida\n\n\nWalton (1824), Washington (created from Jackson and Walton)(1825), Hamilton (1827), Jefferson (1827), Madison (created from Jefferson) (1827), Franklin (1832), Calhoun (1838), Santa Rosa (1842), Wakulla (created from Leon) (1843), Holmes (created from Jackson and Walton) (1848), Liberty (created from Gadsden) (1855), Lafayette and Taylor (created from Madison) (1856), Bay (created from Washington)", "id": "21309650" }, { "contents": "Panhandle, Texas\n\n\nPanhandle is the county seat of Carson County, Texas, United States. The population of the town was 2,452 at the 2010 census. Panhandle is part of the Amarillo metropolitan statistical area. Panhandle derives its name from its central location in the Texas Panhandle. Originally named \"Carson City\", it was later changed to \"Panhandle City\". In 1887, Panhandle obtained a post office, and in 1888 the town was planned as the terminus of the Panhandle and Santa Fe Railway. At that time the town was surrounded", "id": "10105425" }, { "contents": "Oklahoma Panhandle\n\n\nThe Oklahoma Panhandle is the extreme northwestern region of the U.S. state of Oklahoma, consisting of Cimarron County, Texas County and Beaver County, from west to east. As with other salients in the United States, its name comes from the similarity of its shape to the handle of a pan. The three-county Oklahoma Panhandle region had a population of 28,751 at the 2010 U.S. Census, representing 0.77% of the state's population. This is a decrease in total population of 1.2%, a loss of 361 people,", "id": "15853929" }, { "contents": "Marti Coley\n\n\nhusband to Marianna in 1985. Coley then began teaching at Malone High School, where she worked until 1989, at which point she joined the faculty of Chipola College. When her husband, State Representative David A. Coley, died, Marti Coley ran to succeed him in 2005 in the 7th District, which was based in the Florida Panhandle and included parts of Bay, Calhoun, Gadsden, Jackson, Leon, Liberty, Okaloosa, Wakulla, and Washington Counties. In a special election on June 14, 2005, Coley defeated", "id": "14735469" }, { "contents": "Alaska Peninsula\n\n\nThe Alaska Peninsula (also called Aleut Peninsula or Aleutian Peninsula) is a peninsula extending about to the southwest from the mainland of Alaska and ending in the Aleutian Islands. The peninsula separates the Pacific Ocean from Bristol Bay, an arm of the Bering Sea. In literature (especially Russian) the term ‘Alaska Peninsula’ was used to denote the entire northwestern protrusion of the North American continent, or all of what is now the state of Alaska, exclusive of its panhandle and islands. The Lake and Peninsula borough, the", "id": "10955928" }, { "contents": "Florida's 1st congressional district\n\n\nFlorida's 1st congressional district is a congressional district in the U.S. state of Florida, covering the state's western Panhandle. It includes all of Escambia, Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, and Walton counties and portions of Holmes county. The district is anchored in Pensacola and also includes the large military bedroom communities and tourist destinations of Navarre and Fort Walton Beach and stretches along the Emerald Coast. The district, as ranked by the Cook Partisan Voting Index, is the most Republican district in Florida and the 15th most in the United States", "id": "18827097" }, { "contents": "Florida Panhandle\n\n\nBay, fed by Econfina Creek. Pensacola Bay, a deepwater port, is formed by the joining of Escambia and East bays. The Gulf Intracoastal Waterway, completed in 1949, traverses the lower Panhandle by means of bays, lagoons, sounds, and man-made canals. The barrier islands of Perdido Key and Santa Rosa Island extend from the Pandhandle's western extremity to Fort Walton Beach. Interstate 10 is the only interstate highway in the Panhandle, connecting the extreme west with North Florida and Jacksonville. Other older east–", "id": "21191645" }, { "contents": "Pensacola Bay\n\n\nPensacola Bay is a bay located in the northwestern part of Florida, United States, known as the Florida Panhandle. The bay, an inlet of the Gulf of Mexico, is located in Escambia County and Santa Rosa County, adjacent to the city of Pensacola, Florida, and is about 13 miles (21 km) long and 2.5 miles (4 km) wide. The Pensacola Bay estuarine system including Escambia Bay, Pensacola Bay, Blackwater Bay, East Bay, and Santa Rosa Sound, and four rivers—the Escambia", "id": "13261668" }, { "contents": "Texas Panhandle\n\n\nThe Texas Panhandle is a region of the U.S. state of Texas consisting of the northernmost 26 counties in the state. The panhandle is a rectangular area bordered by New Mexico to the west and Oklahoma to the north and east. \"The Handbook of Texas\" defines the southern border of Swisher County as the southern boundary of the Texas Panhandle region. Its land area is , or nearly 10% of the state's total. The Texas Panhandle is slightly larger in size than the US state of West Virginia. An additional are", "id": "13769746" }, { "contents": "Effects of Hurricane Katrina in Florida\n\n\ncontrol facilities, public buildings, and recreation areas. The declaration was determined after the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) sent 20 State Emergency Response Teams to determine the extent of damage. After Hurricane Katrina struck the Gulf Coast, President Bush declared a disaster area for seven counties along the Florida panhandle on September 6; the counties were Bay, Escambia, Franklin, Gulf, Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, and Walton. In addition, Collier County in southwestern Florida was added to the list of disaster areas. In the two", "id": "12360696" }, { "contents": "Eastern Panhandle of West Virginia\n\n\n). Berkeley also includes the Panhandle's largest city, Martinsburg, with a 2010 census population of 17,227. The Eastern Panhandle is West Virginia's fastest-growing region in terms of population and housing. In July 2005, the United States Census Bureau released a list of the top 100 counties according to housing growth. Berkeley County grew 3.95 percent, from 36,365 housing units in 2003 to 37,802 units in 2004. That growth rate was 86th in the nation among the 3,143 United States counties. Jefferson County was not far behind", "id": "19061664" }, { "contents": "Florida Panhandle\n\n\naquarium in Fort Walton Beach, and the former Miracle Strip Amusement Park (1963–2004) in Panama City Beach. In 1971, the federal government acquired many acres of the coastal islands in Escambia, Santa Rosa, and Okaloosa counties, preserving them from commercial development by establishing the Gulf Islands National Seashore, which also covers some islands off the Mississippi coast. Other beach areas protected by the state of Florida include Both state and federal parks offer facilities for camping, picnicking, and other recreational pursuits. In addition, some parts of", "id": "21191659" }, { "contents": "Florida Panhandle\n\n\nthe Apalachicola River, a natural geographic boundary, which was the historic dividing line between the British colonies of West Florida and East Florida. These western counties also lie in the Central Time Zone (with the exception of Gulf County, which is divided between the Eastern and Central Time zones), while the rest of the state is in the Eastern Time Zone. References to the Panhandle \"may\" also include some or all of eight counties immediately east of the Apalachicola known as the Big Bend region, along the curve of", "id": "21191639" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\nand discourage panhandlers throughout the city, especially under unlawful circumstances including panhandling using children, aggression, false information and panhandling while loitering as prohibited by City Ordinances. Within the city of Opelika it is considered a misdemeanour to present false or misleading information while panhandling, and there are requirements for panhandlers to possess a panhandling permit. Threatening behaviours towards those solicited to are also considered misdemeanours and include; being too close, blocking the path of those approached, or panhandling in groups of two or more persons. Those previously charged with these", "id": "6576630" }, { "contents": "Effects of Hurricane Dennis in Florida\n\n\nwere directly killed while several others were killed indirectly, and total damage amounted to $1.5 billion (2005 USD). Directly after the storm, Bay, Dixie, Franklin, Gulf, Taylor, Wakulla and Walton counties were declared federal disaster areas. In the aftermath of the hurricane, president George W. Bush declared 13 counties–Bay, Calhoun, Escambia, Franklin, Gulf, Holmes, Jackson, Monroe, Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, Wakulla, Walton and Washington– in Florida as federal disaster areas. Applicants, including", "id": "8987936" }, { "contents": "Blackwater River (Florida)\n\n\nThe Blackwater River of Florida is a river rising in southern Alabama and flowing through the Florida Panhandle to the Gulf of Mexico. The river enters Florida in Okaloosa County and flows through Santa Rosa County to Blackwater Bay, an arm of Pensacola Bay. The river passes through Blackwater River State Forest and Blackwater River State Park. Milton, the county seat of Santa Rosa County, is located on the river. The Blackwater's sandy bottom, white beaches and large sandbars contrast with the dark tannic water that gives the river its name", "id": "15426373" }, { "contents": "Effects of Hurricane Dennis in Florida\n\n\nAlong the coast, severe beach erosion occurred as a result of the storm, mostly in Walton, Bay, Gulf, Franklin and Wakulla counties. As a result of the pounding surf, the Navarre pier was ripped apart in two places. Milton received of rain, which is the highest reported rainfall total in Florida caused by Dennis. Rainfall across the Florida Panhandle ranged from to , while rainfall across the central and southern portions of the state ranged from to near Tampa. In southern Leon County, flooding was reported with several", "id": "8987934" }, { "contents": "Florida Panhandle\n\n\n\". The \"Forgotten Coast\" is a trademarked term coined in the early 1990s used to refer to the coastal portion of the Florida Panhandle extending from Mexico Beach or southeastern Bay County on the Gulf of Mexico to St. Marks on Apalachee Bay. It is usually not considered a part of the Emerald Coast, which lies directly adjacent to the west. Coastal regions of the following counties (if not the entirety of the counties themselves) are usually included when referring to the Forgotten Coast: The Apalachicola River is the largest river", "id": "21191643" }, { "contents": "St. George Island (Florida)\n\n\nSt. George Island is an island off the Florida Panhandle in the northern Gulf of Mexico. It is in Franklin County, Florida, United States. St. George is a barrier island long and wide at its widest point. St. George Island is adjacent to Cape St. George Island, also known as Little St. George Island. It is connected to the mainland at Eastpoint, Florida by the long St. George Island Bridge over Apalachicola Bay. Nearby towns include Eastpoint, Carrabelle, and Apalachicola. St. George Island is informally divided into three", "id": "6700365" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\naggressive manner is illegal. Section 14-74 defines 'aggressive' as to include causing fear, following, touching, blocking or using threatening gestures in the process of panhandling. This carries a $25 fine and may include a term of imprisonment. While many laws targeting homeless populations are not new, there has been a shift in their focus. Prohibitions, including loitering and sleeping outdoors, have expanded to include strict panhandling restraints. These do not necessarily include complete bans, but can cover when, where and how panhandling", "id": "6576714" }, { "contents": "Texas Panhandle\n\n\nwas under 18 years of age. The 26 northernmost counties that make up the Texas Panhandle include: Major cities of the Texas Panhandle with populations greater than 10,000 include: Some of the smaller towns with populations less than 10,000 include: Much like the rest of West Texas and the Oklahoma Panhandle, the region is very politically and socially conservative. Following the pattern of other larger cities, Amarillo has the largest liberal population in the Panhandle. It was one of the first regions of the state to break away from its Democratic roots", "id": "13769752" }, { "contents": "Tropical Storm Barry (2001)\n\n\nwere issued for parts of Leon and Wakulla counties, while a flash flood watch was in effect for parts of southern Georgia. A tornado watch was issued for the eastern Florida Panhandle, southern Georgia, as well as portions of central and eastern Alabama. As Barry approached the Florida Panhandle, voluntary evacuations took place in eight counties. Shelters opened in six counties, though most were placed on standby. In parts of Franklin County, mandatory evacuations were ordered, and in Okaloosa County, tolls on the Mid-Bay Bridge were", "id": "11208828" }, { "contents": "Northern Panhandle of West Virginia\n\n\nby compromise in the 1780s. Today, due to the southern boundary being an extension of the Mason–Dixon line and the panhandle's proximity to the Pittsburgh area, the Northern Panhandle resembles more of the Midwestern United States or the Northeastern United States compared to the rest of the state (including the Eastern Panhandle of West Virginia), which is classified as part of the Upland South. In 2013, its northernmost two counties were included in the Pittsburgh consolidated area by the U.S. Census. The region has a total combined population", "id": "7663098" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\nmoney is not illegal and in fact, is protected by the Jackson city ordinance that prohibits panhandling. Similar legislation that prohibits begging is also in place in Mississippi's second largest city, Gulfport. In July 2012, Jackson City Councilman Quentin Whitwell proposed tripling existing fines and implementing longer jail sentences for panhandling in response to heightened community concern about aggressive panhandlers and an escalating panhandling \"epidemic\". However, this proposal was later rejected by the Jackson City Council amidst concerns from the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) of Mississippi that", "id": "6576794" }, { "contents": "Escambia Bay\n\n\nEscambia Bay is a bay located in Escambia and Santa Rosa counties, in the far western Florida Panhandle. The city of Pensacola is located on the western side, and the town of Milton is located on the northeastern end of the two-pronged bay. Both places are the county seats of the respective counties. Unusually, Escambia Bay is connected to open waters via Pensacola Bay to its southeast. It is fed primarily by the Escambia River. National Airlines Flight 193, a Boeing 727, crashed into Escambia Bay during a", "id": "13321403" }, { "contents": "West Virginia\n\n\nacross the border from the Pittsburgh metropolitan area, while Bluefield is less than from North Carolina. Huntington in the southwest is close to the states of Ohio and Kentucky, while Martinsburg and Harpers Ferry in the Eastern Panhandle region are considered part of the Washington metropolitan area, in between the states of Maryland and Virginia. The unique position of West Virginia means that it is often included in several geographical regions, including the Mid-Atlantic, the Upland South, and the Southeastern United States. It is the only state that is", "id": "14465678" }, { "contents": "George Gainer\n\n\nGeorge Gainer is an American politician who has served as a Republican member of the Florida Senate since 2016. He represents the 2nd district, encompassing Bay, Holmes, Jackson, Walton, Washington, and part of Okaloosa Counties, in the Florida Panhandle. He previously served as a Bay County commissioner, representing Tyndall AFB and other parts of southern Bay County, from 1968 to 1972 and 2002 to 2016. Gainer was born in Jackson County and attended Gulf Coast Community College. His career in the automobile business began in 1966 and", "id": "9161182" }, { "contents": "Northern Panhandle of West Virginia\n\n\nThe Northern Panhandle is the northern of the two panhandles in the U.S. state of West Virginia. It is a culturally and geographically distinct region of the state. It is the state's northernmost extension, bounded by Ohio and the Ohio River on the north and west and the state of Pennsylvania on the east. Its unusual configuration is the result of the Revolutionary-era claims of Virginia's former Yohogania County boundary lying along the Ohio River, conflicting with interpretations of the Colony of Pennsylvania's royal charter. The conflict was settled", "id": "7663097" }, { "contents": "Florida State Road 4\n\n\nState Road 4 (SR 4) is a two-lane state highway in Escambia, Santa Rosa, and Okaloosa counties in the western corner of the Florida Panhandle. It is signed east–west, but the road is slightly diagonal. The road runs from Century near the Alabama state line at an intersection with U.S. Highway 29 (US 29), to the farming community of Milligan at an intersection with US 90. The road cuts through the Blackwater River State Forest. It crosses the Escambia River, West Fork Big", "id": "16368801" }, { "contents": "Florida Panhandle\n\n\nWalton Beach, Destin and Panama City regularly give Republicans close to or over 70% margins in state and national elections. However, Tallahassee and Gadsden County tend to be strongly Democratic. In the 2008 Presidential election, John McCain received 421,287 votes (60.1%) in the Panhandle, while Barack Obama received 279,206 votes (39.9%). The following counties west of the Apalachicola River are \"always\" included in references to the Panhandle: Some or all of the following counties east of the Apalachicola, in the Big Bend", "id": "21191655" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\nmethods to stop panhandling. This has been developed in the mode of a myriad of pamphlets regarding available services for the homeless which can be printed off and distributed by businesses when they encounter persons panhandling or begging. Such services often report back to the Homeless Outreach Team in an attempt to reduce the prevalence of homelessness in the long-term. Persons encountering panhandlers and beggars in Kansas, if unable to politely refuse, are encouraged to contact 911. Many city and counties within the United States have enacted ordinances to limit or ban", "id": "6576742" }, { "contents": "1975 Atlantic hurricane season\n\n\neastern Louisiana. Once inland, the depression slowly weakened and re-curved northwestward on July 30 into Mississippi. Around that time, the depression dissipated. The remnants persisted at least until August 3, at which time it was situated over Arkansas. The tropical depression dropped heavy rainfall, with some areas of the Florida Panhandle experiencing more than of precipitation, with a maximum total of observed in DeFuniak Springs. Bay, Gulf, Holmes, Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, Wakulla, and Walton were hardest hit. Numerous roads were flooded", "id": "5467703" }, { "contents": "Franklin County, Florida\n\n\nFranklin County includes part of Tate's Hell State Forest. Bald Point State Park is nearby. The county's river's include the Carrabelle River and its tributaries the New River (Florida Panhandle) and Crooked River (Florida), visited by paddlers. The extreme eastern tip of the county is bordered by the Ochlockonee River. Also, St. James Island, while part of the mainland, is technically an island, being separated from the rest of Franklin County by rivers and an estuary. As of the census of 2000,", "id": "21309702" }, { "contents": "Euphorbia telephioides\n\n\nEuphorbia telephioides is a rare species of euphorb known by the common name Telephus spurge. It is endemic to Florida in the United States, where it is known only from three counties in the Panhandle. It is a federally listed threatened species of the United States. This spurge grows in coastal areas in Bay, Gulf, and Franklin Counties in Florida. It is present at about 38 known locations, with some locations newly discovered and some recently extirpated. The habitat is scrub and forest where it often grows alongside slash (\"", "id": "18648849" }, { "contents": "Choctawhatchee Bay\n\n\nChoctawhatchee Bay is a bay in the Emerald Coast region of the Florida Panhandle. The bay, located within Okaloosa and Walton counties, has a surface area of 129 mi (334 km). It is an inlet of the Gulf of Mexico, connected to it through East Pass (also known as Destin Pass). It also connects to Santa Rosa Sound in Fort Walton Beach, Florida to the west and to St. Andrews Bay in Bay County to the east, via the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway. East Pass is the only", "id": "12922504" }, { "contents": "Florida Panhandle\n\n\nApalachee Bay. Like North Central Florida, the Panhandle is more similar in culture and climate to the Deep South than to South Florida in the lower peninsula, being known for its conservative politics and \"piney woods.\" The largest city in the Panhandle is Tallahassee, the state capital, population 188,107 (2014). However, the largest population grouping is the Pensacola Metropolitan Area with a population of 474,081. The total population of the Panhandle, as of the 2010 Census, was 1,407,925, just under 7.5% of Florida", "id": "21191640" }, { "contents": "Aggressive panhandling\n\n\nsuch as near automated teller machines, in a restroom or near your car. This is considered aggressive panhandling and in Indiana it is against the law.\" Constitutional lawyers, including but not limited to the American Civil Liberties Union, have secured a series of court decisions confirming their view that the First Amendment of the United States Constitution protects activities which some local ordinances have attempted to proscribe as illegal panhandling. In response, many jurisdictions have responded by narrowing the definition of illegal panhandling. The generally accepted terminology is to denominate such", "id": "12928769" }, { "contents": "Effects of Hurricane Katrina in Florida\n\n\n. Winds along the Florida panhandle peaked at in Pensacola, with gusts to . High winds briefly closed the Interstate 10 bridge over Escambia Bay in Pensacola. The outer rainbands of the hurricane spawned five tornadoes, all of them weak and not very damaging. Rainfall along the panhandle reached in Philpot, which caused flooding. The winds caused damage to some trees and structures and there was some minor flooding in the panhandle. There were two indirect fatalities from Katrina in Walton County as a result of a traffic accident. Along the Florida", "id": "12360694" }, { "contents": "Florida Conference of Seventh-day Adventists\n\n\nFlorida Conference of Seventh-day Adventists is the organizational body of the Seventh-day Adventist Church for the state of Florida, United States. It is based in Altamonte Springs, Florida. In Spring 2014, the organization relocated from Winter Park, Florida. It is a subdivision of the Southern Union, which in turn is part of the North American Division, one of the 13 worldwide organizational Divisions of the Church. Its territory includes all of the State of Florida except the 10 westernmost panhandle counties: Bay, Calhoun,", "id": "2449992" }, { "contents": "Western short grasslands\n\n\nThe Western short grasslands is a temperate grassland ecoregion of the United States. This ecoregion largely corresponds with the geographical region known as the High Plains. It is located in eastern, northern, and central Montana, eastern Wyoming, western Nebraska (the Nebraska Panhandle), eastern Colorado, western Kansas, western Oklahoma (the Oklahoma Panhandle), eastern New Mexico, the Texas Panhandle and parts of west-central Texas and a very small portion of southwestern South Dakota. The Western short grasslands are characterised by a semi-arid", "id": "11982310" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\nDepartment in Virginia reportedly discouraged citizens from giving to panhandlers in the area, in that \"there's no telling what the cash will be used for\". While many are discouraging giving to panhandlers on motorways due to the context of 'risk', they also appear to portray an underlining negative bias and view of illegitimacy toward people who engage in panhandling. As police in some counties cannot directly arrest someone for begging, the Arlington Police Department note that they do arrest panhandlers for other offences for jaywalking and other traffic related", "id": "6576861" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\nother particular forms of panhandling including asking for money within 15 feet of an ATM or other location where money is dispensed, following someone to ask them for money, panhandling on private property such as going to someone's front door and asking for money, and panhandling in street traffic. The American Civil Liberties Union has raised numerous concerns over Omaha's previous and current panhandling ordinance as it was a violation of the First Amendment and entered negotiations with the City Attorney's Office about their unconstitutional ordinances. The City Council however did not", "id": "6576802" }, { "contents": "History of Pensacola, Florida\n\n\nPensacola and west from Saint Augustine. The riders met at the Indian village of Tallahassee, which was designated as the new territorial capital city. With the development of large cotton plantations, Florida's growing population was 50% enslaved African Americans. In the Panhandle, most slaves outside Pensacola were held by people in Tallahassee and in the plantation counties near the Georgia border, notably Jackson, Gadsden, Leon, and Jefferson. Near the coast, the soil had more sand and was less useful for plantation agriculture. On March 3", "id": "2371441" }, { "contents": "Macbridea alba\n\n\nMacbridea alba is a rare species of flowering plant in the mint family known by the common name white birds-in-a-nest. It is endemic to Florida in the United States, where it is found in four counties in the Florida Panhandle. It is threatened by the loss and degradation of its habitat, and it is federally listed as a threatened species of the United States. This plant grows in the counties of Gulf, Liberty, Franklin and Bay in Florida. There are just under 10,000 individuals in total", "id": "13276590" }, { "contents": "Idaho Panhandle\n\n\nThe Idaho Panhandle—locally known as North Idaho—is a region in the U.S. state of Idaho encompassing the state's 10 northernmost counties: Benewah, Bonner, Boundary, Clearwater, Idaho, Kootenai, Latah, Lewis, Nez Perce, and Shoshone (though the southern part of the region is sometimes referred to as North Central Idaho). The Panhandle is bordered by the state of Washington to the west, Montana to the east, and the Canadian province of British Columbia to the north. The Idaho panhandle, along", "id": "7517710" }, { "contents": "Florida Panhandle\n\n\nof fine quartz eroded from granite in the Appalachian Mountains. The sand is carried seaward by rivers and creeks and deposited by currents along the shore. The beach towns in the Panhandle, many of which play host to college students during spring break, are sometimes derisively called \"the Redneck Riviera\". The term was used as the title of a song by country music artist Tom T. Hall on his 1996 album \"Songs from Sopchoppy\". The album takes its name from a town in rural Wakulla County, near Tallahassee.", "id": "21191657" }, { "contents": "Liatris provincialis\n\n\nLiatris provincialis is a species of flowering plant in the aster family known by the common names Godfrey's blazing star and Godfrey's gayflower. It is endemic to Florida in the United States, where it is limited to Wakulla and Franklin Counties in the Panhandle. This perennial herb grows from a corm and reaches up to 90 centimeters tall. The leaves are linear to lance-shaped and up to 15 centimeters long near the base of the stem, becoming much smaller and narrower farther up the stem. The flower heads are arranged", "id": "8746836" }, { "contents": "1995 Atlantic hurricane season\n\n\nsevere damage in the panhandle. From Wakulla County westward, many structures including homes and buildings were swept away or suffered some degree of damage. In Escambia, Okaloosa, and Santa Rosa counties, nearly 300 homes were destroyed and 1,000 others suffered major damage. The storm left at least $2.1 billion in damage in Florida. In Alabama, storm surge ranging from left significant damage in coastal counties. Inland, tropical storm force winds gusts were observed as far north as Huntsville. Numerous trees and power lines were downed in several", "id": "18736850" }, { "contents": "Doug Broxson\n\n\nDouglas Vaughn \"Doug\" Broxson (born March 10, 1949) is an American politician who is a Republican member of the Florida Senate, representing the 1st district, which includes Escambia, Santa Rosa, and part of Okaloosa Counties in the Florida Panhandle, since 2016. He previously served in the Florida House of Representatives, representing northern Okaloosa County and Santa Rosa County from 2010 to 2016. On March 3, 2018, Broxson rejected a two-year moratorium on the sale of AR-15s. Broxson was born in Pensacola.", "id": "8705642" }, { "contents": "Galilee Panhandle\n\n\nThe Galilee Panhandle (, \"Etzba HaGalil\" (lit. \"Finger of the Galilee\"), is an elongated geopolitical area or \"panhandle\" in northern Israel comprising the northernmost section of the Upper Galilee held by Israel, and the northern Jordan Rift Valley. The Galilee Panhandle incorporates five municipal authorities. Towns in the Galilee Panhandle include Metula and Kiryat Shmona. The Galilee Panhandle is a narrow strip of land running from the Israel-Lebanon border in the far north to an imaginary line above the Hula Valley in the", "id": "15996103" }, { "contents": "Choctawhatchee River\n\n\nfigure in the Florida Panhandle and was highly respected by whites. Following the United States' acquisition of this territory in 1821 from Spain, European Americans entered the panhandle in greater numbers, encroaching on Euchee and Creek territory. In 1814 Andrew Jackson built a stockade called the \"Block House\" at the confluence of the East and West forks of the Chocktawhatchee, near Newton. European-American settlers also used the river in their time, from the years of the earliest land patents around Geneva (1841) until the late 1930s", "id": "18651850" }, { "contents": "Florida's Hazelhurst terrace and shoreline\n\n\nthe mapping by the Florida Geological Survey's terraces and shorelines as a geological marker for marine presence. The Hazelhurst exists in many Florida panhandle counties west to east. What would be Gadsden and Liberty County, Florida in particular had a very large landmass not only created by rising and lowering sea levels, but from depositions from the Apalachicola River on Gadsden's west side. This high ground is within the Tifton/Tallahassee Uplands. Other counties with substantial landmass are Escambia (Perdido River), Santa Rosa (Black River),", "id": "3977543" }, { "contents": "Geography of Florida\n\n\nMuch of the state of Florida is situated on a peninsula between the Gulf of Mexico, the Atlantic Ocean, and the Straits of Florida. Spanning two time zones, it extends to the northwest into a panhandle along the northern Gulf of Mexico. It is bordered on the north by the states of Georgia and Alabama, and on the west, at the end of the panhandle, by Alabama. It is near The Bahamas and several Caribbean countries, particularly Cuba. Florida has 131 public airports, and more than 700 private", "id": "17334477" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 90\n\n\nEscambia bridge between Santa Rosa and Escambia counties. The highway's route continues to the north of I-10 as a two-lane highway through most of the sparsely-populated inland areas of the panhandle, becoming four lanes through and near several towns. In Gadsden County, US 90 cuts to the southeast toward downtown Tallahassee, where it passes the north entrance of Florida State University and expands to six lanes until its intersection with US 27. The portion of the highway that extends through Midway has been designated as the Alfred Lawson,", "id": "4020282" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\npanhandling from busy streets by encouraging citizens to donate money to not-for-profit shelters and food banks, rather than directly donating to panhandling persons. In 2012, Allegany County imposed narrow restrictions on panhandling, allowing only one day permit per person per year for roadside solicitations. Other areas of Maryland with similar permit provisions include Cecil, Frederick and Baltimore counties. In 2012, certain panhandling ordinances within Frederick County revived First Amendment debates after undercover police officers donated money to begging persons and subsequently arrested them on panhandling charges. Frederick", "id": "6576759" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\nmisdemeanour) could increase this penalty to a maximum fine of $500 and/or up to 6 months in jail. While the Tennessee Code is written in very broad and general terms, several city ordinances, most of which were enacted before the Tennessee Code, provide specific restraints on the actions of panhandlers. The Memphis Code of Ordinances contains a very lengthy and detailed section (§ 6-56) on panhandling. Under this section, panhandling is prohibited within a specified zone of Downtown Memphis and is generally prohibited between the hours of", "id": "6576834" }, { "contents": "Texas's 13th congressional district\n\n\nTexas District 13 of the United States House of Representatives is a Congressional District of the U.S. state of Texas that includes most of the Texas Panhandle, parts of Texoma and northeastern parts of North Texas. It winds across the Panhandle into the South Plains, then runs east across the Red River Valley. Covering over , it is the second-largest district geographically in Texas and larger in area than thirteen entire states. The principal cities in the district are Amarillo and Wichita Falls. The current Representative is Republican Mac Thornberry. According", "id": "3400568" }, { "contents": "Gulf Coastal Plain\n\n\nThe Gulf Coastal Plain extends around the Gulf of Mexico in the Southern United States and eastern Mexico. The plain reaches from the Florida Panhandle, southwest Georgia, the southern two-thirds of Alabama, over most of Mississippi, western Tennessee and Kentucky, into southern Illinois, the Missouri Bootheel, eastern and southern Arkansas, all of Louisiana, the southeast corner of Oklahoma, and easternmost Texas in the United States. It continues along the Gulf in northeastern and eastern Mexico, through Tamaulipas and Veracruz to Tabasco and the Yucatán Peninsula", "id": "14786658" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\nis the use of public or city owned space to sleep or to protect one's personal belongings. For example, the use of a tent underneath a bridge in order to serve as a living space is prohibited. Action towards panhandling has also been seen from the government. Many downtown cities around the United States have tried to combat panhandlers by prohibiting panhandling at certain locations as well as restricting the time periods that it is allowed. In Georgia, Atlanta was proactive with this idea by banning panhandling in what is known as the", "id": "6576710" }, { "contents": "Smooth softshell turtle\n\n\nThe smooth softshell turtle (\"Apalone mutica\") is a species of softshell turtle of the family Trionychidae. The species is endemic to North America. \"A. mutica\" is native to North America. It is distributed throughout the central and southcentral United States as its geographic range extends from western Pennsylvania to New Mexico and south to the Florida panhandle. Smooth softshells turtles inhabit the Mississippi River drainage from Louisiana up to North Dakota and Pennsylvania, as well as the Colorado, Brazos, Sabine, and Pearl, Alabama and Escambia", "id": "3718421" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\ncontrol of panhandling, there is a variety of methods used across the state depending on the issues in each city. Many cities such as Mobile, Alabama have introduced a set of ordinances to prohibit panhandling in the \"Downtown Visitors Domain\" area, as well regulations for panhandlers in the rest of the city including disallowing; panhandling at night, physical contact while panhandling, panhandling in groups, and approaching those in queues or traffic. These ordinances are an improvement on the previously vague prohibition of \"begging\". For those soliciting", "id": "6576626" }, { "contents": "Southeast Alaska\n\n\nSoutheast Alaska, colloquially referred to as the Alaska Panhandle or Alaskan Panhandle, is the southeastern portion of the U.S. state of Alaska, bordered to the east by the northern half of the Canadian province of British Columbia. The majority of Southeast Alaska's area is part of the Tongass National Forest, the United States' largest national forest. In many places, the international border runs along the crest of the Boundary Ranges of the Coast Mountains (see Alaska boundary dispute). The region is noted for its scenery and mild rainy", "id": "2599514" }, { "contents": "Panhandle hook\n\n\nA panhandle hook storm has its origins as a strong shortwave low pressure system which traverses the base of a long-wave low pressure trough while geographically coincident with the southwestern United States. Such systems ubiquitously develop a surface low-pressure system in the northwestern Texas and western Oklahoma area (as an eddy effect interaction of the topography of the Rocky Mountains in relation to the jet stream) with associated warm front and cold front, with attending snow to the northwest of the low and severe thunderstorms to the southeast -- the \"hook", "id": "11032666" }, { "contents": "Aggressive panhandling\n\n\nactivity as aggressive panhandling. In 1991 and 1992, federal courts overturned New York and California state laws that made aggressive panhandling illegal. It was observed that \"Groups and individuals all over the United States engage in highly public fundraising for all sorts of causes and charities.\" Restrictions defining solicitation or panhandling as aggressive regard both manner and context. A typical ordinance is one from Longview, Washington: 9.23.030 Place of panhandling – Violation. It shall be unlawful for any person to panhandle when the person solicited is in any of the", "id": "12928770" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\n\"tourist triangle\" in August 2005. Another ban prohibited panhandling within 15 feet of common public places such as ATM's and train stations. Violations are punished with either a fine or imprisonment. In 2012 the city of Atlanta created an anti-panhandling law which criminalizes aggressive panhandling. Aggressive panhandling is defined as any form of gestures or intense intervention for the sake of retrieving monetary substance. This includes blocking the path of a bystander, following a bystander, using harsh language directed at a bystander, or any other indications that", "id": "6576711" }, { "contents": "List of geographical regions in Texas\n\n\nTexas is the second-largest state in the United States, with an area of and a population of 27.47 million in 254 counties. This covers an area wide by long. Due to its location and size, it is a part of a large number of unique geological regions, including the piney woods of East Texas, the plains in the Panhandle, the mountains in far West Texas, and hundreds of miles of coastline. There are several different methods used to describe the geographic and geological differences within the state, and", "id": "8963969" }, { "contents": "Spanish language in the United States\n\n\n(both Americans and other immigrant Europeans). After the Mexican War of Independence from Spain, California, Nevada, Arizona, Utah, western Colorado and southwestern Wyoming also became part of the Mexican territory of Alta California. Most of New Mexico, western Texas, southern Colorado, southwestern Kansas, and the Oklahoma panhandle were part of the territory of Santa Fe de Nuevo México. The geographical isolation and unique political history of this territory led to New Mexican Spanish differing notably from both Spanish spoken in other parts of the United States", "id": "16767467" }, { "contents": "Florida Panhandle\n\n\n's total population as recorded in the same census. \"Emerald Coast\", a term coined in 1983, refers in general to the beaches and coastal resorts from Pensacola to Port St. Joe, but is sometimes used to refer, by extension, to the Panhandle as a whole, especially west of the Apalachicola. Earlier designations include \"Playground of the Gulfcoast\" and the \"Miracle Strip\", especially for the area between Fort Walton Beach and Panama City. Coastal regions of the following counties (if not the entirety of", "id": "21191641" }, { "contents": "Oklahoma Panhandle\n\n\nthe Panhandle traces its origins as being part of the Spanish New Spain empire. The Transcontinental Treaty (Adams–Onís Treaty) of 1819 between Spain and the United States set the western boundary of this portion of the Louisiana Purchase at the 100th meridian. With Mexican independence in 1821, these lands became part of Mexico. With the formation of the Texas Republic, they became part of Texas. When Texas joined the U.S. in 1846, the strip became part of the United States. The Cimarron Cutoff for the Santa Fe Trail", "id": "15853934" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\non panhandling and vending at all highway intersections was proposed in 2001, but was later revised to apply only to Charles County. In 2006, the Anne Arundel County Council enacted a ban on panhandling by children under 18 years old. In April 2007, the Maryland General Assembly passed a bill banning panhandling beside and on Anne Arundel County roadways, as well as prohibiting the display of political signs or advertising messages on any public roadways. The American Civil Liberties Union have consistently opposed solicitation bans, due to concerns that legislation may hinder", "id": "6576757" }, { "contents": "Connecticut panhandle\n\n\nThe Connecticut Panhandle is the southwestern appendage of Connecticut, where it abuts New York State. It is contained entirely in Fairfield County and includes all of Greenwich, Stamford, New Canaan, and Darien, as well as parts of Norwalk and Wilton. It has some of the most expensive residential real estate in the United States. The irregularity in the boundary is the result of territorial disputes in the late 17th century, culminating with New York giving up its claim to this area, whose residents considered themselves part of Connecticut. In", "id": "1465841" }, { "contents": "Gulf Coast of the United States\n\n\nrivers, the largest of which is the Mississippi River. Much of the land along the Gulf Coast is, or was, marshland. Ringing the Gulf Coast is the Gulf Coastal Plain which reaches from Southern Texas to the western Florida Panhandle while the western portions of the Gulf Coast are made up of many barrier islands and peninsulas, including the Padre Island and Galveston Island located in the U.S. State of Texas. These landforms protect numerous bays and inlets providing as a barrier to oncoming waves. The central part of the Gulf Coast", "id": "11618304" }, { "contents": "Tallahassee, Florida\n\n\nOceanic and Atmospheric Administration maintains a National Weather Service in Tallahassee. Their coverage-warning area includes the eastern Florida Panhandle and adjacent Gulf of Mexico waters, the north-central Florida peninsula, and parts of southeastern Alabama and southwestern Georgia. The United States Army Reserve 81st Regional Support Command (USAR) opened an Army Reserve Center at 4307 Jackson Bluff Road. The Naval and Marine Corps Reserve Center (NMCRC) is at 2910 Roberts Avenue host the United States Navy Reserve Navy Operational Support Center Tallahassee (NOSC Tallahassee) and the", "id": "12569798" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\ndonations for charitable organizations, a permit must be obtained for the fundraising operation to be exempt from panhandling ordinances. Panhandling in the Downtown Visitors Domain may result in fines and jail sentences for those involved. Another effort to limit panhandling in Mobile is an initiative using donation meters through which people can donate money to approved charities in attempts to resolve the necessity of panhandling by providing disadvantaged citizens with resources. This method attempts to lessen the recurring arrest and release of the publicly intoxicated, who are often homeless or vagrant and participate in panhandling", "id": "6576627" }, { "contents": "History of Pennsylvania\n\n\na new state constitution in 1790; the constitution replaced the executive council with a governor and a bicameral legislature. Pennsylvania's borders took definitive shape in the decades before and after the Revolutionary War. The Mason–Dixon line established the borders between Pennsylvania and Maryland, and was later extended to serve as the border between Pennsylvania and Virginia (except for what is now West Virginia's northern panhandle). Although some settlers proposed the creation of the state of Westsylvania in the area that now contains Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania retained control of the", "id": "8703019" }, { "contents": "Madison County, Florida\n\n\nMadison County is a county located in the state of Florida, in the center of its northern border with Georgia. As of the 2010 census, the population was 19,224. Its county seat is also called Madison. As of August 28, 2012, Madison became a wet county, meaning that voters had approved the legal sale, possession, or distribution of alcoholic beverages. Located in what is known as the Florida Panhandle, Madison County was created in 1827. It was named for James Madison, fourth President of the United", "id": "21742211" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\nKentucky Supreme Court. In contrast, the city of Ashland, Kentucky has not come under scrutiny as their ordinance is less comprehensive and therefore less likely to impede individuals rights. However, recently the ordinance was amended to further crack down on the act of panhandling, adding an amendment to stop panhandlers from walking out into traffic, in an attempt to keep both beggars and the public safe. Panhandling laws are often controversial as they are generally welcomed by the public, who can feel harassed. However, it is also argued that", "id": "6576745" }, { "contents": "Florida's 1st congressional district\n\n\n. The district is currently represented by Republican Matt Gaetz. The district encompasses the western part of the Florida Panhandle, in the extreme western portion of the state, stretching from Pensacola and the Alabama border east to include Walton, Holmes, and Washington counties. Most of the territory now in the 1st District had been the 3rd District from 1903 to 1963; however, it has been numbered as the 1st District since then. It cast aside its Democratic roots far sooner than most of the other areas of the state. It", "id": "18827098" }, { "contents": "Northwest Florida Water Management District\n\n\nThe Northwest Florida Water Management District (NWFWMD) stretches from the St. Marks River Basin in Jefferson County to the Perdido River in Escambia County. The District is one of five water management districts in Florida created by the Water Resources Act of 1972. The District has worked for decades to protect and manage water resources in a sustainable manner for the continued welfare of people and natural systems across its 16-county region. It serves Bay, Calhoun, Escambia, Franklin, Gadsden, Gulf, Holmes, Jackson, Leon, Liberty, Okaloosa", "id": "20958691" }, { "contents": "List of peninsulas\n\n\nof southern France. Scandinavia is a peninsula and along with other islands encompassing present-day Sweden, Norway, and part of Finland. Florida is a well-known example of a large peninsula, with its land area divided between the larger Florida peninsula and the smaller Florida panhandle on the north and west. It has several smaller peninsulas within it: Michigan – the only bi-peninsular state – is very distinguishable for its mitten-shaped Lower Peninsula of Michigan which includes: The rifle-shaped Upper Peninsula of Michigan contains", "id": "3528823" }, { "contents": "State of Mexico\n\n\nof Hidalgo, Guerrero and Morelos. These territorial separations have left the state with the size and shape it has today, with the Toluca Valley to the west of Mexico City and a panhandle that extends around the north and east of this entity. The state name is simply \"México\" according to the 1917 Constitution of the United Mexican States, but to distinguish it from both the city and the country it is most often called \"Estado de México\". The demonym used to refer to people and things from the state", "id": "5266359" }, { "contents": "Pensacola, Florida\n\n\nPensacola () is the westernmost city in the Florida Panhandle, approximately from the border with Alabama, and the county seat of Escambia County, in the U.S. state of Florida. As of the 2010 census, the city had a total population of 51,923, down from 56,255 at the 2000 census. Pensacola is the principal city of the Pensacola metropolitan area, which had an estimated 494,883 residents . Pensacola is the site of the first Spanish settlement within the borders of the continental United States in 1559, predating the establishment of St.", "id": "18287772" }, { "contents": "Exit poll\n\n\nstate. In the 2000 US presidential election it was alleged that media organizations released exit poll results for Florida before the polls closed in the Republican-leaning counties of the panhandle, as part of the westernmost area of the state is one hour behind the main peninsula. A study by economist John Lott found an \"unusual\" decline in Panhandle voter turnout compared to previous elections, and that the networks' early call of Florida for Democrat Al Gore may have depressed Republican turnout in other states where the polls remained open. Some", "id": "8813323" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\n. An important concern for those in Alabama's capital city, Montgomery, is those who travel from other cities to panhandle, with a police report from November 2016 showing that most panhandlers in the area had travelled to the city for the purposes of begging. In the city of Daphne, panhandling is prohibited within 25 feet of public roadways and violators are subject to fines, while the cities of Gardendale and Vestavia Hills prevent all forms of panhandling on private and public property. The city of Tuscaloosa prohibits all aggressive panhandling, as", "id": "6576628" }, { "contents": "Wiregrass Region\n\n\nThe Wiregrass Region—or Wiregrass Country—is an area of the Southern United States encompassing parts of southern Georgia, southeastern Alabama, and the Florida Panhandle. The region is named for the native \"Aristida stricta\", commonly known as wiregrass due to its texture. The region stretches approximately from just below Macon, Georgia and follows the Fall Line west to Montgomery, Alabama. From there it turns south and runs to approximately Washington County, Florida in the northern panhandle. From there it runs east, roughly making its southern", "id": "654692" }, { "contents": "Tropical Depression Six (1975)\n\n\ncurved northeastward on July 30 into Mississippi, shortly before degenerating into a remnant low pressure area. The remnants moved through northern Louisiana and Arkansas until dissipating on August 3. The tropical depression dropped heavy rainfall, with some areas of the Florida Panhandle experiencing more than of precipitation. Rainfall from the depression contributed significantly toward making it the wettest July in the Florida Panhandle since 1923. Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, and Walton counties were hardest hit by flooding. Numerous roads were flooded and closed, with $3.2 million (1975 USD)", "id": "8068348" }, { "contents": "Florida Panhandle\n\n\nhas never been a producer of citrus crops because the area is subject to regular frosts and freezes in wintertime, which destroy citrus fruits. The following institutions of higher learning are located in the Panhandle. State University System: Florida College System: Religiously affiliated: The politics of the Florida Panhandle vary considerably depending on location. The western Panhandle, particularly the Emerald Coast, was one of the earliest areas to shake off its Yellow Dog Democrat roots, and since the 1990s has become the Republican area of Florida. Pensacola, Fort", "id": "21191654" }, { "contents": "Cuphea aspera\n\n\nCuphea aspera is a species of flowering plant in the loosestrife family known by the common names tropical waxweed and Chapman's waxweed. It is endemic to Florida in the United States, where it is limited to Gulf and Franklin Counties on the central Florida Panhandle. It has likely been extirpated from Calhoun County. This perennial herb grows up to about 40 centimeters tall from a woody, branching rootstock. The stems are coated in white hairs and purplish glandular hairs. The oppositely arranged or whorled leaves are each up to 2.5 centimeters long", "id": "4965520" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\nasking for donations, as well as actions and behaviours requesting donations within a public space. The idea has been quite contentious. Some media reports reflect calls for increased enforcement of laws against panhandlers, and others report that the ban on panhandling in public spaces is against the civil liberties of individuals, and unconstitutional as it infringes on the First Amendment. In regards to the permit proposal, community opinion was split, with some calling strongly for the implementation of a $25 permit that would need to be carried by panhandlers. The", "id": "6576859" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\n), 2,817 are veterans, and an estimated 5,615 are individuals experiencing chronic homelessness. Panhandling and Begging For 2016, the US Census Bureau reported that there were 3,116,886 people in poverty in Florida, or 15.7% of the state's population. 22.8% of them are children. Begging and panhandling are often a consequence of pervasive poverty due to the need to source money. When focusing on the laws against begging and panhandling it is important to begin with the fact that people become beggars and panhandlers for various reasons. They could", "id": "6576695" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\n7pm and 8am. Similar to the Nashville ordinance, the Memphis ordinance also expressly states areas where panhandling is prohibited including, but not limited to, within 25-feet of any religious assembly, within 50-feet of any entrance or exit from a bank/ATM machine and in any public transportation vehicle. In October 2016, the Memphis City Council voted to extend the ban on panhandling to between 5pm and 10am and to also extend the areas that panhandling is prohibited. Councillor Philip Spinosa Jr. declared that this extension entirely relates", "id": "6576835" }, { "contents": "Border irregularities of the United States\n\n\nBorder irregularities of the United States, particularly panhandles and highway incursions into other jurisdictions, are shown here. Often they are a result of borders which do not conform to geological features. There are several exclaves between the United States and Canada, including the entire state of Alaska (though the state can still be accessed by sea from the United States, except the small settlement Hyder which is only accessible by road from British Columbia). Other exclaves include Akwesasne, the Northwest Angle, and Point Roberts. The status of the", "id": "10873309" } ]

[ { "contents": "Salient (geography)\n\n\nA salient is an elongated protrusion of a geopolitical entity, such as a subnational entity or a sovereign state. While similar to a peninsula in shape, a salient is not surrounded by water on three sides. Instead, it has a land border on at least two sides and extends out from the larger geographical body of the administrative unit. In American English the term panhandle is often used to describe a relatively long and narrow salient, such as the westernmost extension of Oklahoma. Less common descriptors include chimney (if protruding northward", "id": "15451396" }, { "contents": "Salient (geography)\n\n\ninto account other considerations such as economic ties or topography. The following locations are salients in of nations. This definition includes the following counties: Bay, Calhoun, Escambia, Franklin, Gadsden, Gulf, Holmes, Jackson, Jefferson, Leon, Liberty, Madison, Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, Taylor, Wakulla, Walton, and Washington. Many people in the Pacific Northwest refer to the extreme northern section of Idaho's panhandle as \"The Chimney\", due to its resemblance to a chimney when viewed on maps. Although", "id": "15451398" }, { "contents": "Salient (geography)\n\n\n, as a chimney does from a roof, as with the northernmost extremity of West Virginia) and bootheel (if protruding southward, as the heel underneath a boot, such as the Missouri Bootheel). The term \"salient\" is derived from military salients. The term \"panhandle\" derives from the analogous part of a cooking pan, and its use is generally confined to the United States. The salient shape can be the result of arbitrarily drawn international or subnational boundaries, though the location of administrative borders can also take", "id": "15451397" }, { "contents": "Florida Panhandle\n\n\nThe Florida Panhandle (also West Florida and Northwest Florida) is the northwestern part of the U.S. state of Florida, is a strip of land roughly long and wide, lying between Alabama on the north and the west, Georgia on the north, and the Gulf of Mexico to the south. Its eastern boundary is arbitrarily defined. As is the case with the other eight U.S. states that have panhandles, the geographic meaning of the term is inexact and elastic. References to the Florida Panhandle always include the ten counties west of", "id": "21191638" }, { "contents": "Nebraska Panhandle\n\n\nThe Nebraska Panhandle is an area in the western part of the state of Nebraska and one of several U.S. state panhandles, or elongated geographical regions that extend from their main political entity. The Nebraska panhandle is two-thirds as broad as the rest of the state. It is approximately east to west and north to south. The Nebraska panhandle roughly encompasses the area in Nebraska between 102° and 104°W longitude and 41° and 43°N latitude. It comprises 11 counties with a combined land area of , or", "id": "19061706" }, { "contents": "Eastern Panhandle of West Virginia\n\n\nThe Eastern Panhandle is the eastern of the two panhandles in the U.S. state of West Virginia. It is a small stretch of territory in the northeast of the state, bordering Maryland and Virginia. Some sources and regional associations only identify the Eastern Panhandle as being composed of Morgan, Berkeley, and Jefferson Counties. Berkeley and Jefferson Counties are geographically located in the Shenandoah Valley. West Virginia is unusual in having two panhandles, the Eastern Panhandle and the Northern Panhandle. Berkeley, Hampshire, Hardy, Jefferson, and Morgan counties were", "id": "19061660" }, { "contents": "Salient (geography)\n\n\nUtah, like Nebraska, has a protrusion from its otherwise straight border, it is not usually considered a panhandle, as half of the Salt Lake City metropolitan area, the most populous region in the state and the home of the state's capital, is located in the region. Likewise, though New York has a southern protrusion that is more conspicuous than e.g. the Connecticut, Texas and Nebraska Panhandles, this is never considered a panhandle since it accommodates the most densely populated parts of the state. (In New York's", "id": "15451399" }, { "contents": "Escambia County, Florida\n\n\nmodern state boundaries. The Suwannee River was the border between them, which follows a winding path from the northern border of the state to the Gulf of Mexico. Essentially, the Escambia county government had jurisdiction over the \"panhandle\" and \"big bend\" areas and St. Johns over the remainder of the entire state. As population increased in the frontier territory, 21 counties were later organized from Escambia county directly or indirectly. They include Jackson (1821), Gadsden (created from Jackson)(1823), Leon (1824),", "id": "21309649" }, { "contents": "Escambia County, Florida\n\n\nWalton (1824), Washington (created from Jackson and Walton)(1825), Hamilton (1827), Jefferson (1827), Madison (created from Jefferson) (1827), Franklin (1832), Calhoun (1838), Santa Rosa (1842), Wakulla (created from Leon) (1843), Holmes (created from Jackson and Walton) (1848), Liberty (created from Gadsden) (1855), Lafayette and Taylor (created from Madison) (1856), Bay (created from Washington)", "id": "21309650" }, { "contents": "Panhandle, Texas\n\n\nPanhandle is the county seat of Carson County, Texas, United States. The population of the town was 2,452 at the 2010 census. Panhandle is part of the Amarillo metropolitan statistical area. Panhandle derives its name from its central location in the Texas Panhandle. Originally named \"Carson City\", it was later changed to \"Panhandle City\". In 1887, Panhandle obtained a post office, and in 1888 the town was planned as the terminus of the Panhandle and Santa Fe Railway. At that time the town was surrounded", "id": "10105425" }, { "contents": "Oklahoma Panhandle\n\n\nThe Oklahoma Panhandle is the extreme northwestern region of the U.S. state of Oklahoma, consisting of Cimarron County, Texas County and Beaver County, from west to east. As with other salients in the United States, its name comes from the similarity of its shape to the handle of a pan. The three-county Oklahoma Panhandle region had a population of 28,751 at the 2010 U.S. Census, representing 0.77% of the state's population. This is a decrease in total population of 1.2%, a loss of 361 people,", "id": "15853929" }, { "contents": "Marti Coley\n\n\nhusband to Marianna in 1985. Coley then began teaching at Malone High School, where she worked until 1989, at which point she joined the faculty of Chipola College. When her husband, State Representative David A. Coley, died, Marti Coley ran to succeed him in 2005 in the 7th District, which was based in the Florida Panhandle and included parts of Bay, Calhoun, Gadsden, Jackson, Leon, Liberty, Okaloosa, Wakulla, and Washington Counties. In a special election on June 14, 2005, Coley defeated", "id": "14735469" }, { "contents": "Alaska Peninsula\n\n\nThe Alaska Peninsula (also called Aleut Peninsula or Aleutian Peninsula) is a peninsula extending about to the southwest from the mainland of Alaska and ending in the Aleutian Islands. The peninsula separates the Pacific Ocean from Bristol Bay, an arm of the Bering Sea. In literature (especially Russian) the term ‘Alaska Peninsula’ was used to denote the entire northwestern protrusion of the North American continent, or all of what is now the state of Alaska, exclusive of its panhandle and islands. The Lake and Peninsula borough, the", "id": "10955928" }, { "contents": "Florida's 1st congressional district\n\n\nFlorida's 1st congressional district is a congressional district in the U.S. state of Florida, covering the state's western Panhandle. It includes all of Escambia, Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, and Walton counties and portions of Holmes county. The district is anchored in Pensacola and also includes the large military bedroom communities and tourist destinations of Navarre and Fort Walton Beach and stretches along the Emerald Coast. The district, as ranked by the Cook Partisan Voting Index, is the most Republican district in Florida and the 15th most in the United States", "id": "18827097" }, { "contents": "Florida Panhandle\n\n\nBay, fed by Econfina Creek. Pensacola Bay, a deepwater port, is formed by the joining of Escambia and East bays. The Gulf Intracoastal Waterway, completed in 1949, traverses the lower Panhandle by means of bays, lagoons, sounds, and man-made canals. The barrier islands of Perdido Key and Santa Rosa Island extend from the Pandhandle's western extremity to Fort Walton Beach. Interstate 10 is the only interstate highway in the Panhandle, connecting the extreme west with North Florida and Jacksonville. Other older east–", "id": "21191645" }, { "contents": "Pensacola Bay\n\n\nPensacola Bay is a bay located in the northwestern part of Florida, United States, known as the Florida Panhandle. The bay, an inlet of the Gulf of Mexico, is located in Escambia County and Santa Rosa County, adjacent to the city of Pensacola, Florida, and is about 13 miles (21 km) long and 2.5 miles (4 km) wide. The Pensacola Bay estuarine system including Escambia Bay, Pensacola Bay, Blackwater Bay, East Bay, and Santa Rosa Sound, and four rivers—the Escambia", "id": "13261668" }, { "contents": "Texas Panhandle\n\n\nThe Texas Panhandle is a region of the U.S. state of Texas consisting of the northernmost 26 counties in the state. The panhandle is a rectangular area bordered by New Mexico to the west and Oklahoma to the north and east. \"The Handbook of Texas\" defines the southern border of Swisher County as the southern boundary of the Texas Panhandle region. Its land area is , or nearly 10% of the state's total. The Texas Panhandle is slightly larger in size than the US state of West Virginia. An additional are", "id": "13769746" }, { "contents": "Effects of Hurricane Katrina in Florida\n\n\ncontrol facilities, public buildings, and recreation areas. The declaration was determined after the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) sent 20 State Emergency Response Teams to determine the extent of damage. After Hurricane Katrina struck the Gulf Coast, President Bush declared a disaster area for seven counties along the Florida panhandle on September 6; the counties were Bay, Escambia, Franklin, Gulf, Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, and Walton. In addition, Collier County in southwestern Florida was added to the list of disaster areas. In the two", "id": "12360696" }, { "contents": "Eastern Panhandle of West Virginia\n\n\n). Berkeley also includes the Panhandle's largest city, Martinsburg, with a 2010 census population of 17,227. The Eastern Panhandle is West Virginia's fastest-growing region in terms of population and housing. In July 2005, the United States Census Bureau released a list of the top 100 counties according to housing growth. Berkeley County grew 3.95 percent, from 36,365 housing units in 2003 to 37,802 units in 2004. That growth rate was 86th in the nation among the 3,143 United States counties. Jefferson County was not far behind", "id": "19061664" }, { "contents": "Florida Panhandle\n\n\naquarium in Fort Walton Beach, and the former Miracle Strip Amusement Park (1963–2004) in Panama City Beach. In 1971, the federal government acquired many acres of the coastal islands in Escambia, Santa Rosa, and Okaloosa counties, preserving them from commercial development by establishing the Gulf Islands National Seashore, which also covers some islands off the Mississippi coast. Other beach areas protected by the state of Florida include Both state and federal parks offer facilities for camping, picnicking, and other recreational pursuits. In addition, some parts of", "id": "21191659" }, { "contents": "Florida Panhandle\n\n\nthe Apalachicola River, a natural geographic boundary, which was the historic dividing line between the British colonies of West Florida and East Florida. These western counties also lie in the Central Time Zone (with the exception of Gulf County, which is divided between the Eastern and Central Time zones), while the rest of the state is in the Eastern Time Zone. References to the Panhandle \"may\" also include some or all of eight counties immediately east of the Apalachicola known as the Big Bend region, along the curve of", "id": "21191639" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\nand discourage panhandlers throughout the city, especially under unlawful circumstances including panhandling using children, aggression, false information and panhandling while loitering as prohibited by City Ordinances. Within the city of Opelika it is considered a misdemeanour to present false or misleading information while panhandling, and there are requirements for panhandlers to possess a panhandling permit. Threatening behaviours towards those solicited to are also considered misdemeanours and include; being too close, blocking the path of those approached, or panhandling in groups of two or more persons. Those previously charged with these", "id": "6576630" }, { "contents": "Effects of Hurricane Dennis in Florida\n\n\nwere directly killed while several others were killed indirectly, and total damage amounted to $1.5 billion (2005 USD). Directly after the storm, Bay, Dixie, Franklin, Gulf, Taylor, Wakulla and Walton counties were declared federal disaster areas. In the aftermath of the hurricane, president George W. Bush declared 13 counties–Bay, Calhoun, Escambia, Franklin, Gulf, Holmes, Jackson, Monroe, Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, Wakulla, Walton and Washington– in Florida as federal disaster areas. Applicants, including", "id": "8987936" }, { "contents": "Blackwater River (Florida)\n\n\nThe Blackwater River of Florida is a river rising in southern Alabama and flowing through the Florida Panhandle to the Gulf of Mexico. The river enters Florida in Okaloosa County and flows through Santa Rosa County to Blackwater Bay, an arm of Pensacola Bay. The river passes through Blackwater River State Forest and Blackwater River State Park. Milton, the county seat of Santa Rosa County, is located on the river. The Blackwater's sandy bottom, white beaches and large sandbars contrast with the dark tannic water that gives the river its name", "id": "15426373" }, { "contents": "Effects of Hurricane Dennis in Florida\n\n\nAlong the coast, severe beach erosion occurred as a result of the storm, mostly in Walton, Bay, Gulf, Franklin and Wakulla counties. As a result of the pounding surf, the Navarre pier was ripped apart in two places. Milton received of rain, which is the highest reported rainfall total in Florida caused by Dennis. Rainfall across the Florida Panhandle ranged from to , while rainfall across the central and southern portions of the state ranged from to near Tampa. In southern Leon County, flooding was reported with several", "id": "8987934" }, { "contents": "Florida Panhandle\n\n\n\". The \"Forgotten Coast\" is a trademarked term coined in the early 1990s used to refer to the coastal portion of the Florida Panhandle extending from Mexico Beach or southeastern Bay County on the Gulf of Mexico to St. Marks on Apalachee Bay. It is usually not considered a part of the Emerald Coast, which lies directly adjacent to the west. Coastal regions of the following counties (if not the entirety of the counties themselves) are usually included when referring to the Forgotten Coast: The Apalachicola River is the largest river", "id": "21191643" }, { "contents": "St. George Island (Florida)\n\n\nSt. George Island is an island off the Florida Panhandle in the northern Gulf of Mexico. It is in Franklin County, Florida, United States. St. George is a barrier island long and wide at its widest point. St. George Island is adjacent to Cape St. George Island, also known as Little St. George Island. It is connected to the mainland at Eastpoint, Florida by the long St. George Island Bridge over Apalachicola Bay. Nearby towns include Eastpoint, Carrabelle, and Apalachicola. St. George Island is informally divided into three", "id": "6700365" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\naggressive manner is illegal. Section 14-74 defines 'aggressive' as to include causing fear, following, touching, blocking or using threatening gestures in the process of panhandling. This carries a $25 fine and may include a term of imprisonment. While many laws targeting homeless populations are not new, there has been a shift in their focus. Prohibitions, including loitering and sleeping outdoors, have expanded to include strict panhandling restraints. These do not necessarily include complete bans, but can cover when, where and how panhandling", "id": "6576714" }, { "contents": "Texas Panhandle\n\n\nwas under 18 years of age. The 26 northernmost counties that make up the Texas Panhandle include: Major cities of the Texas Panhandle with populations greater than 10,000 include: Some of the smaller towns with populations less than 10,000 include: Much like the rest of West Texas and the Oklahoma Panhandle, the region is very politically and socially conservative. Following the pattern of other larger cities, Amarillo has the largest liberal population in the Panhandle. It was one of the first regions of the state to break away from its Democratic roots", "id": "13769752" }, { "contents": "Tropical Storm Barry (2001)\n\n\nwere issued for parts of Leon and Wakulla counties, while a flash flood watch was in effect for parts of southern Georgia. A tornado watch was issued for the eastern Florida Panhandle, southern Georgia, as well as portions of central and eastern Alabama. As Barry approached the Florida Panhandle, voluntary evacuations took place in eight counties. Shelters opened in six counties, though most were placed on standby. In parts of Franklin County, mandatory evacuations were ordered, and in Okaloosa County, tolls on the Mid-Bay Bridge were", "id": "11208828" }, { "contents": "Northern Panhandle of West Virginia\n\n\nby compromise in the 1780s. Today, due to the southern boundary being an extension of the Mason–Dixon line and the panhandle's proximity to the Pittsburgh area, the Northern Panhandle resembles more of the Midwestern United States or the Northeastern United States compared to the rest of the state (including the Eastern Panhandle of West Virginia), which is classified as part of the Upland South. In 2013, its northernmost two counties were included in the Pittsburgh consolidated area by the U.S. Census. The region has a total combined population", "id": "7663098" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\nmoney is not illegal and in fact, is protected by the Jackson city ordinance that prohibits panhandling. Similar legislation that prohibits begging is also in place in Mississippi's second largest city, Gulfport. In July 2012, Jackson City Councilman Quentin Whitwell proposed tripling existing fines and implementing longer jail sentences for panhandling in response to heightened community concern about aggressive panhandlers and an escalating panhandling \"epidemic\". However, this proposal was later rejected by the Jackson City Council amidst concerns from the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) of Mississippi that", "id": "6576794" }, { "contents": "Escambia Bay\n\n\nEscambia Bay is a bay located in Escambia and Santa Rosa counties, in the far western Florida Panhandle. The city of Pensacola is located on the western side, and the town of Milton is located on the northeastern end of the two-pronged bay. Both places are the county seats of the respective counties. Unusually, Escambia Bay is connected to open waters via Pensacola Bay to its southeast. It is fed primarily by the Escambia River. National Airlines Flight 193, a Boeing 727, crashed into Escambia Bay during a", "id": "13321403" }, { "contents": "West Virginia\n\n\nacross the border from the Pittsburgh metropolitan area, while Bluefield is less than from North Carolina. Huntington in the southwest is close to the states of Ohio and Kentucky, while Martinsburg and Harpers Ferry in the Eastern Panhandle region are considered part of the Washington metropolitan area, in between the states of Maryland and Virginia. The unique position of West Virginia means that it is often included in several geographical regions, including the Mid-Atlantic, the Upland South, and the Southeastern United States. It is the only state that is", "id": "14465678" }, { "contents": "George Gainer\n\n\nGeorge Gainer is an American politician who has served as a Republican member of the Florida Senate since 2016. He represents the 2nd district, encompassing Bay, Holmes, Jackson, Walton, Washington, and part of Okaloosa Counties, in the Florida Panhandle. He previously served as a Bay County commissioner, representing Tyndall AFB and other parts of southern Bay County, from 1968 to 1972 and 2002 to 2016. Gainer was born in Jackson County and attended Gulf Coast Community College. His career in the automobile business began in 1966 and", "id": "9161182" }, { "contents": "Northern Panhandle of West Virginia\n\n\nThe Northern Panhandle is the northern of the two panhandles in the U.S. state of West Virginia. It is a culturally and geographically distinct region of the state. It is the state's northernmost extension, bounded by Ohio and the Ohio River on the north and west and the state of Pennsylvania on the east. Its unusual configuration is the result of the Revolutionary-era claims of Virginia's former Yohogania County boundary lying along the Ohio River, conflicting with interpretations of the Colony of Pennsylvania's royal charter. The conflict was settled", "id": "7663097" }, { "contents": "Florida State Road 4\n\n\nState Road 4 (SR 4) is a two-lane state highway in Escambia, Santa Rosa, and Okaloosa counties in the western corner of the Florida Panhandle. It is signed east–west, but the road is slightly diagonal. The road runs from Century near the Alabama state line at an intersection with U.S. Highway 29 (US 29), to the farming community of Milligan at an intersection with US 90. The road cuts through the Blackwater River State Forest. It crosses the Escambia River, West Fork Big", "id": "16368801" }, { "contents": "Florida Panhandle\n\n\nWalton Beach, Destin and Panama City regularly give Republicans close to or over 70% margins in state and national elections. However, Tallahassee and Gadsden County tend to be strongly Democratic. In the 2008 Presidential election, John McCain received 421,287 votes (60.1%) in the Panhandle, while Barack Obama received 279,206 votes (39.9%). The following counties west of the Apalachicola River are \"always\" included in references to the Panhandle: Some or all of the following counties east of the Apalachicola, in the Big Bend", "id": "21191655" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\nmethods to stop panhandling. This has been developed in the mode of a myriad of pamphlets regarding available services for the homeless which can be printed off and distributed by businesses when they encounter persons panhandling or begging. Such services often report back to the Homeless Outreach Team in an attempt to reduce the prevalence of homelessness in the long-term. Persons encountering panhandlers and beggars in Kansas, if unable to politely refuse, are encouraged to contact 911. Many city and counties within the United States have enacted ordinances to limit or ban", "id": "6576742" }, { "contents": "1975 Atlantic hurricane season\n\n\neastern Louisiana. Once inland, the depression slowly weakened and re-curved northwestward on July 30 into Mississippi. Around that time, the depression dissipated. The remnants persisted at least until August 3, at which time it was situated over Arkansas. The tropical depression dropped heavy rainfall, with some areas of the Florida Panhandle experiencing more than of precipitation, with a maximum total of observed in DeFuniak Springs. Bay, Gulf, Holmes, Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, Wakulla, and Walton were hardest hit. Numerous roads were flooded", "id": "5467703" }, { "contents": "Franklin County, Florida\n\n\nFranklin County includes part of Tate's Hell State Forest. Bald Point State Park is nearby. The county's river's include the Carrabelle River and its tributaries the New River (Florida Panhandle) and Crooked River (Florida), visited by paddlers. The extreme eastern tip of the county is bordered by the Ochlockonee River. Also, St. James Island, while part of the mainland, is technically an island, being separated from the rest of Franklin County by rivers and an estuary. As of the census of 2000,", "id": "21309702" }, { "contents": "Euphorbia telephioides\n\n\nEuphorbia telephioides is a rare species of euphorb known by the common name Telephus spurge. It is endemic to Florida in the United States, where it is known only from three counties in the Panhandle. It is a federally listed threatened species of the United States. This spurge grows in coastal areas in Bay, Gulf, and Franklin Counties in Florida. It is present at about 38 known locations, with some locations newly discovered and some recently extirpated. The habitat is scrub and forest where it often grows alongside slash (\"", "id": "18648849" }, { "contents": "Choctawhatchee Bay\n\n\nChoctawhatchee Bay is a bay in the Emerald Coast region of the Florida Panhandle. The bay, located within Okaloosa and Walton counties, has a surface area of 129 mi (334 km). It is an inlet of the Gulf of Mexico, connected to it through East Pass (also known as Destin Pass). It also connects to Santa Rosa Sound in Fort Walton Beach, Florida to the west and to St. Andrews Bay in Bay County to the east, via the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway. East Pass is the only", "id": "12922504" }, { "contents": "Florida Panhandle\n\n\nApalachee Bay. Like North Central Florida, the Panhandle is more similar in culture and climate to the Deep South than to South Florida in the lower peninsula, being known for its conservative politics and \"piney woods.\" The largest city in the Panhandle is Tallahassee, the state capital, population 188,107 (2014). However, the largest population grouping is the Pensacola Metropolitan Area with a population of 474,081. The total population of the Panhandle, as of the 2010 Census, was 1,407,925, just under 7.5% of Florida", "id": "21191640" }, { "contents": "Aggressive panhandling\n\n\nsuch as near automated teller machines, in a restroom or near your car. This is considered aggressive panhandling and in Indiana it is against the law.\" Constitutional lawyers, including but not limited to the American Civil Liberties Union, have secured a series of court decisions confirming their view that the First Amendment of the United States Constitution protects activities which some local ordinances have attempted to proscribe as illegal panhandling. In response, many jurisdictions have responded by narrowing the definition of illegal panhandling. The generally accepted terminology is to denominate such", "id": "12928769" }, { "contents": "Effects of Hurricane Katrina in Florida\n\n\n. Winds along the Florida panhandle peaked at in Pensacola, with gusts to . High winds briefly closed the Interstate 10 bridge over Escambia Bay in Pensacola. The outer rainbands of the hurricane spawned five tornadoes, all of them weak and not very damaging. Rainfall along the panhandle reached in Philpot, which caused flooding. The winds caused damage to some trees and structures and there was some minor flooding in the panhandle. There were two indirect fatalities from Katrina in Walton County as a result of a traffic accident. Along the Florida", "id": "12360694" }, { "contents": "Florida Conference of Seventh-day Adventists\n\n\nFlorida Conference of Seventh-day Adventists is the organizational body of the Seventh-day Adventist Church for the state of Florida, United States. It is based in Altamonte Springs, Florida. In Spring 2014, the organization relocated from Winter Park, Florida. It is a subdivision of the Southern Union, which in turn is part of the North American Division, one of the 13 worldwide organizational Divisions of the Church. Its territory includes all of the State of Florida except the 10 westernmost panhandle counties: Bay, Calhoun,", "id": "2449992" }, { "contents": "Western short grasslands\n\n\nThe Western short grasslands is a temperate grassland ecoregion of the United States. This ecoregion largely corresponds with the geographical region known as the High Plains. It is located in eastern, northern, and central Montana, eastern Wyoming, western Nebraska (the Nebraska Panhandle), eastern Colorado, western Kansas, western Oklahoma (the Oklahoma Panhandle), eastern New Mexico, the Texas Panhandle and parts of west-central Texas and a very small portion of southwestern South Dakota. The Western short grasslands are characterised by a semi-arid", "id": "11982310" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\nDepartment in Virginia reportedly discouraged citizens from giving to panhandlers in the area, in that \"there's no telling what the cash will be used for\". While many are discouraging giving to panhandlers on motorways due to the context of 'risk', they also appear to portray an underlining negative bias and view of illegitimacy toward people who engage in panhandling. As police in some counties cannot directly arrest someone for begging, the Arlington Police Department note that they do arrest panhandlers for other offences for jaywalking and other traffic related", "id": "6576861" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\nother particular forms of panhandling including asking for money within 15 feet of an ATM or other location where money is dispensed, following someone to ask them for money, panhandling on private property such as going to someone's front door and asking for money, and panhandling in street traffic. The American Civil Liberties Union has raised numerous concerns over Omaha's previous and current panhandling ordinance as it was a violation of the First Amendment and entered negotiations with the City Attorney's Office about their unconstitutional ordinances. The City Council however did not", "id": "6576802" }, { "contents": "History of Pensacola, Florida\n\n\nPensacola and west from Saint Augustine. The riders met at the Indian village of Tallahassee, which was designated as the new territorial capital city. With the development of large cotton plantations, Florida's growing population was 50% enslaved African Americans. In the Panhandle, most slaves outside Pensacola were held by people in Tallahassee and in the plantation counties near the Georgia border, notably Jackson, Gadsden, Leon, and Jefferson. Near the coast, the soil had more sand and was less useful for plantation agriculture. On March 3", "id": "2371441" }, { "contents": "Macbridea alba\n\n\nMacbridea alba is a rare species of flowering plant in the mint family known by the common name white birds-in-a-nest. It is endemic to Florida in the United States, where it is found in four counties in the Florida Panhandle. It is threatened by the loss and degradation of its habitat, and it is federally listed as a threatened species of the United States. This plant grows in the counties of Gulf, Liberty, Franklin and Bay in Florida. There are just under 10,000 individuals in total", "id": "13276590" }, { "contents": "Idaho Panhandle\n\n\nThe Idaho Panhandle—locally known as North Idaho—is a region in the U.S. state of Idaho encompassing the state's 10 northernmost counties: Benewah, Bonner, Boundary, Clearwater, Idaho, Kootenai, Latah, Lewis, Nez Perce, and Shoshone (though the southern part of the region is sometimes referred to as North Central Idaho). The Panhandle is bordered by the state of Washington to the west, Montana to the east, and the Canadian province of British Columbia to the north. The Idaho panhandle, along", "id": "7517710" }, { "contents": "Florida Panhandle\n\n\nof fine quartz eroded from granite in the Appalachian Mountains. The sand is carried seaward by rivers and creeks and deposited by currents along the shore. The beach towns in the Panhandle, many of which play host to college students during spring break, are sometimes derisively called \"the Redneck Riviera\". The term was used as the title of a song by country music artist Tom T. Hall on his 1996 album \"Songs from Sopchoppy\". The album takes its name from a town in rural Wakulla County, near Tallahassee.", "id": "21191657" }, { "contents": "Liatris provincialis\n\n\nLiatris provincialis is a species of flowering plant in the aster family known by the common names Godfrey's blazing star and Godfrey's gayflower. It is endemic to Florida in the United States, where it is limited to Wakulla and Franklin Counties in the Panhandle. This perennial herb grows from a corm and reaches up to 90 centimeters tall. The leaves are linear to lance-shaped and up to 15 centimeters long near the base of the stem, becoming much smaller and narrower farther up the stem. The flower heads are arranged", "id": "8746836" }, { "contents": "1995 Atlantic hurricane season\n\n\nsevere damage in the panhandle. From Wakulla County westward, many structures including homes and buildings were swept away or suffered some degree of damage. In Escambia, Okaloosa, and Santa Rosa counties, nearly 300 homes were destroyed and 1,000 others suffered major damage. The storm left at least $2.1 billion in damage in Florida. In Alabama, storm surge ranging from left significant damage in coastal counties. Inland, tropical storm force winds gusts were observed as far north as Huntsville. Numerous trees and power lines were downed in several", "id": "18736850" }, { "contents": "Doug Broxson\n\n\nDouglas Vaughn \"Doug\" Broxson (born March 10, 1949) is an American politician who is a Republican member of the Florida Senate, representing the 1st district, which includes Escambia, Santa Rosa, and part of Okaloosa Counties in the Florida Panhandle, since 2016. He previously served in the Florida House of Representatives, representing northern Okaloosa County and Santa Rosa County from 2010 to 2016. On March 3, 2018, Broxson rejected a two-year moratorium on the sale of AR-15s. Broxson was born in Pensacola.", "id": "8705642" }, { "contents": "Galilee Panhandle\n\n\nThe Galilee Panhandle (, \"Etzba HaGalil\" (lit. \"Finger of the Galilee\"), is an elongated geopolitical area or \"panhandle\" in northern Israel comprising the northernmost section of the Upper Galilee held by Israel, and the northern Jordan Rift Valley. The Galilee Panhandle incorporates five municipal authorities. Towns in the Galilee Panhandle include Metula and Kiryat Shmona. The Galilee Panhandle is a narrow strip of land running from the Israel-Lebanon border in the far north to an imaginary line above the Hula Valley in the", "id": "15996103" }, { "contents": "Choctawhatchee River\n\n\nfigure in the Florida Panhandle and was highly respected by whites. Following the United States' acquisition of this territory in 1821 from Spain, European Americans entered the panhandle in greater numbers, encroaching on Euchee and Creek territory. In 1814 Andrew Jackson built a stockade called the \"Block House\" at the confluence of the East and West forks of the Chocktawhatchee, near Newton. European-American settlers also used the river in their time, from the years of the earliest land patents around Geneva (1841) until the late 1930s", "id": "18651850" }, { "contents": "Florida's Hazelhurst terrace and shoreline\n\n\nthe mapping by the Florida Geological Survey's terraces and shorelines as a geological marker for marine presence. The Hazelhurst exists in many Florida panhandle counties west to east. What would be Gadsden and Liberty County, Florida in particular had a very large landmass not only created by rising and lowering sea levels, but from depositions from the Apalachicola River on Gadsden's west side. This high ground is within the Tifton/Tallahassee Uplands. Other counties with substantial landmass are Escambia (Perdido River), Santa Rosa (Black River),", "id": "3977543" }, { "contents": "Geography of Florida\n\n\nMuch of the state of Florida is situated on a peninsula between the Gulf of Mexico, the Atlantic Ocean, and the Straits of Florida. Spanning two time zones, it extends to the northwest into a panhandle along the northern Gulf of Mexico. It is bordered on the north by the states of Georgia and Alabama, and on the west, at the end of the panhandle, by Alabama. It is near The Bahamas and several Caribbean countries, particularly Cuba. Florida has 131 public airports, and more than 700 private", "id": "17334477" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 90\n\n\nEscambia bridge between Santa Rosa and Escambia counties. The highway's route continues to the north of I-10 as a two-lane highway through most of the sparsely-populated inland areas of the panhandle, becoming four lanes through and near several towns. In Gadsden County, US 90 cuts to the southeast toward downtown Tallahassee, where it passes the north entrance of Florida State University and expands to six lanes until its intersection with US 27. The portion of the highway that extends through Midway has been designated as the Alfred Lawson,", "id": "4020282" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\npanhandling from busy streets by encouraging citizens to donate money to not-for-profit shelters and food banks, rather than directly donating to panhandling persons. In 2012, Allegany County imposed narrow restrictions on panhandling, allowing only one day permit per person per year for roadside solicitations. Other areas of Maryland with similar permit provisions include Cecil, Frederick and Baltimore counties. In 2012, certain panhandling ordinances within Frederick County revived First Amendment debates after undercover police officers donated money to begging persons and subsequently arrested them on panhandling charges. Frederick", "id": "6576759" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\nmisdemeanour) could increase this penalty to a maximum fine of $500 and/or up to 6 months in jail. While the Tennessee Code is written in very broad and general terms, several city ordinances, most of which were enacted before the Tennessee Code, provide specific restraints on the actions of panhandlers. The Memphis Code of Ordinances contains a very lengthy and detailed section (§ 6-56) on panhandling. Under this section, panhandling is prohibited within a specified zone of Downtown Memphis and is generally prohibited between the hours of", "id": "6576834" }, { "contents": "Texas's 13th congressional district\n\n\nTexas District 13 of the United States House of Representatives is a Congressional District of the U.S. state of Texas that includes most of the Texas Panhandle, parts of Texoma and northeastern parts of North Texas. It winds across the Panhandle into the South Plains, then runs east across the Red River Valley. Covering over , it is the second-largest district geographically in Texas and larger in area than thirteen entire states. The principal cities in the district are Amarillo and Wichita Falls. The current Representative is Republican Mac Thornberry. According", "id": "3400568" }, { "contents": "Gulf Coastal Plain\n\n\nThe Gulf Coastal Plain extends around the Gulf of Mexico in the Southern United States and eastern Mexico. The plain reaches from the Florida Panhandle, southwest Georgia, the southern two-thirds of Alabama, over most of Mississippi, western Tennessee and Kentucky, into southern Illinois, the Missouri Bootheel, eastern and southern Arkansas, all of Louisiana, the southeast corner of Oklahoma, and easternmost Texas in the United States. It continues along the Gulf in northeastern and eastern Mexico, through Tamaulipas and Veracruz to Tabasco and the Yucatán Peninsula", "id": "14786658" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\nis the use of public or city owned space to sleep or to protect one's personal belongings. For example, the use of a tent underneath a bridge in order to serve as a living space is prohibited. Action towards panhandling has also been seen from the government. Many downtown cities around the United States have tried to combat panhandlers by prohibiting panhandling at certain locations as well as restricting the time periods that it is allowed. In Georgia, Atlanta was proactive with this idea by banning panhandling in what is known as the", "id": "6576710" }, { "contents": "Smooth softshell turtle\n\n\nThe smooth softshell turtle (\"Apalone mutica\") is a species of softshell turtle of the family Trionychidae. The species is endemic to North America. \"A. mutica\" is native to North America. It is distributed throughout the central and southcentral United States as its geographic range extends from western Pennsylvania to New Mexico and south to the Florida panhandle. Smooth softshells turtles inhabit the Mississippi River drainage from Louisiana up to North Dakota and Pennsylvania, as well as the Colorado, Brazos, Sabine, and Pearl, Alabama and Escambia", "id": "3718421" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\ncontrol of panhandling, there is a variety of methods used across the state depending on the issues in each city. Many cities such as Mobile, Alabama have introduced a set of ordinances to prohibit panhandling in the \"Downtown Visitors Domain\" area, as well regulations for panhandlers in the rest of the city including disallowing; panhandling at night, physical contact while panhandling, panhandling in groups, and approaching those in queues or traffic. These ordinances are an improvement on the previously vague prohibition of \"begging\". For those soliciting", "id": "6576626" }, { "contents": "Southeast Alaska\n\n\nSoutheast Alaska, colloquially referred to as the Alaska Panhandle or Alaskan Panhandle, is the southeastern portion of the U.S. state of Alaska, bordered to the east by the northern half of the Canadian province of British Columbia. The majority of Southeast Alaska's area is part of the Tongass National Forest, the United States' largest national forest. In many places, the international border runs along the crest of the Boundary Ranges of the Coast Mountains (see Alaska boundary dispute). The region is noted for its scenery and mild rainy", "id": "2599514" }, { "contents": "Panhandle hook\n\n\nA panhandle hook storm has its origins as a strong shortwave low pressure system which traverses the base of a long-wave low pressure trough while geographically coincident with the southwestern United States. Such systems ubiquitously develop a surface low-pressure system in the northwestern Texas and western Oklahoma area (as an eddy effect interaction of the topography of the Rocky Mountains in relation to the jet stream) with associated warm front and cold front, with attending snow to the northwest of the low and severe thunderstorms to the southeast -- the \"hook", "id": "11032666" }, { "contents": "Aggressive panhandling\n\n\nactivity as aggressive panhandling. In 1991 and 1992, federal courts overturned New York and California state laws that made aggressive panhandling illegal. It was observed that \"Groups and individuals all over the United States engage in highly public fundraising for all sorts of causes and charities.\" Restrictions defining solicitation or panhandling as aggressive regard both manner and context. A typical ordinance is one from Longview, Washington: 9.23.030 Place of panhandling – Violation. It shall be unlawful for any person to panhandle when the person solicited is in any of the", "id": "12928770" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\n\"tourist triangle\" in August 2005. Another ban prohibited panhandling within 15 feet of common public places such as ATM's and train stations. Violations are punished with either a fine or imprisonment. In 2012 the city of Atlanta created an anti-panhandling law which criminalizes aggressive panhandling. Aggressive panhandling is defined as any form of gestures or intense intervention for the sake of retrieving monetary substance. This includes blocking the path of a bystander, following a bystander, using harsh language directed at a bystander, or any other indications that", "id": "6576711" }, { "contents": "List of geographical regions in Texas\n\n\nTexas is the second-largest state in the United States, with an area of and a population of 27.47 million in 254 counties. This covers an area wide by long. Due to its location and size, it is a part of a large number of unique geological regions, including the piney woods of East Texas, the plains in the Panhandle, the mountains in far West Texas, and hundreds of miles of coastline. There are several different methods used to describe the geographic and geological differences within the state, and", "id": "8963969" }, { "contents": "Spanish language in the United States\n\n\n(both Americans and other immigrant Europeans). After the Mexican War of Independence from Spain, California, Nevada, Arizona, Utah, western Colorado and southwestern Wyoming also became part of the Mexican territory of Alta California. Most of New Mexico, western Texas, southern Colorado, southwestern Kansas, and the Oklahoma panhandle were part of the territory of Santa Fe de Nuevo México. The geographical isolation and unique political history of this territory led to New Mexican Spanish differing notably from both Spanish spoken in other parts of the United States", "id": "16767467" }, { "contents": "Florida Panhandle\n\n\n's total population as recorded in the same census. \"Emerald Coast\", a term coined in 1983, refers in general to the beaches and coastal resorts from Pensacola to Port St. Joe, but is sometimes used to refer, by extension, to the Panhandle as a whole, especially west of the Apalachicola. Earlier designations include \"Playground of the Gulfcoast\" and the \"Miracle Strip\", especially for the area between Fort Walton Beach and Panama City. Coastal regions of the following counties (if not the entirety of", "id": "21191641" }, { "contents": "Oklahoma Panhandle\n\n\nthe Panhandle traces its origins as being part of the Spanish New Spain empire. The Transcontinental Treaty (Adams–Onís Treaty) of 1819 between Spain and the United States set the western boundary of this portion of the Louisiana Purchase at the 100th meridian. With Mexican independence in 1821, these lands became part of Mexico. With the formation of the Texas Republic, they became part of Texas. When Texas joined the U.S. in 1846, the strip became part of the United States. The Cimarron Cutoff for the Santa Fe Trail", "id": "15853934" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\non panhandling and vending at all highway intersections was proposed in 2001, but was later revised to apply only to Charles County. In 2006, the Anne Arundel County Council enacted a ban on panhandling by children under 18 years old. In April 2007, the Maryland General Assembly passed a bill banning panhandling beside and on Anne Arundel County roadways, as well as prohibiting the display of political signs or advertising messages on any public roadways. The American Civil Liberties Union have consistently opposed solicitation bans, due to concerns that legislation may hinder", "id": "6576757" }, { "contents": "Connecticut panhandle\n\n\nThe Connecticut Panhandle is the southwestern appendage of Connecticut, where it abuts New York State. It is contained entirely in Fairfield County and includes all of Greenwich, Stamford, New Canaan, and Darien, as well as parts of Norwalk and Wilton. It has some of the most expensive residential real estate in the United States. The irregularity in the boundary is the result of territorial disputes in the late 17th century, culminating with New York giving up its claim to this area, whose residents considered themselves part of Connecticut. In", "id": "1465841" }, { "contents": "Gulf Coast of the United States\n\n\nrivers, the largest of which is the Mississippi River. Much of the land along the Gulf Coast is, or was, marshland. Ringing the Gulf Coast is the Gulf Coastal Plain which reaches from Southern Texas to the western Florida Panhandle while the western portions of the Gulf Coast are made up of many barrier islands and peninsulas, including the Padre Island and Galveston Island located in the U.S. State of Texas. These landforms protect numerous bays and inlets providing as a barrier to oncoming waves. The central part of the Gulf Coast", "id": "11618304" }, { "contents": "Tallahassee, Florida\n\n\nOceanic and Atmospheric Administration maintains a National Weather Service in Tallahassee. Their coverage-warning area includes the eastern Florida Panhandle and adjacent Gulf of Mexico waters, the north-central Florida peninsula, and parts of southeastern Alabama and southwestern Georgia. The United States Army Reserve 81st Regional Support Command (USAR) opened an Army Reserve Center at 4307 Jackson Bluff Road. The Naval and Marine Corps Reserve Center (NMCRC) is at 2910 Roberts Avenue host the United States Navy Reserve Navy Operational Support Center Tallahassee (NOSC Tallahassee) and the", "id": "12569798" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\ndonations for charitable organizations, a permit must be obtained for the fundraising operation to be exempt from panhandling ordinances. Panhandling in the Downtown Visitors Domain may result in fines and jail sentences for those involved. Another effort to limit panhandling in Mobile is an initiative using donation meters through which people can donate money to approved charities in attempts to resolve the necessity of panhandling by providing disadvantaged citizens with resources. This method attempts to lessen the recurring arrest and release of the publicly intoxicated, who are often homeless or vagrant and participate in panhandling", "id": "6576627" }, { "contents": "History of Pennsylvania\n\n\na new state constitution in 1790; the constitution replaced the executive council with a governor and a bicameral legislature. Pennsylvania's borders took definitive shape in the decades before and after the Revolutionary War. The Mason–Dixon line established the borders between Pennsylvania and Maryland, and was later extended to serve as the border between Pennsylvania and Virginia (except for what is now West Virginia's northern panhandle). Although some settlers proposed the creation of the state of Westsylvania in the area that now contains Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania retained control of the", "id": "8703019" }, { "contents": "Madison County, Florida\n\n\nMadison County is a county located in the state of Florida, in the center of its northern border with Georgia. As of the 2010 census, the population was 19,224. Its county seat is also called Madison. As of August 28, 2012, Madison became a wet county, meaning that voters had approved the legal sale, possession, or distribution of alcoholic beverages. Located in what is known as the Florida Panhandle, Madison County was created in 1827. It was named for James Madison, fourth President of the United", "id": "21742211" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\nKentucky Supreme Court. In contrast, the city of Ashland, Kentucky has not come under scrutiny as their ordinance is less comprehensive and therefore less likely to impede individuals rights. However, recently the ordinance was amended to further crack down on the act of panhandling, adding an amendment to stop panhandlers from walking out into traffic, in an attempt to keep both beggars and the public safe. Panhandling laws are often controversial as they are generally welcomed by the public, who can feel harassed. However, it is also argued that", "id": "6576745" }, { "contents": "Florida's 1st congressional district\n\n\n. The district is currently represented by Republican Matt Gaetz. The district encompasses the western part of the Florida Panhandle, in the extreme western portion of the state, stretching from Pensacola and the Alabama border east to include Walton, Holmes, and Washington counties. Most of the territory now in the 1st District had been the 3rd District from 1903 to 1963; however, it has been numbered as the 1st District since then. It cast aside its Democratic roots far sooner than most of the other areas of the state. It", "id": "18827098" }, { "contents": "Northwest Florida Water Management District\n\n\nThe Northwest Florida Water Management District (NWFWMD) stretches from the St. Marks River Basin in Jefferson County to the Perdido River in Escambia County. The District is one of five water management districts in Florida created by the Water Resources Act of 1972. The District has worked for decades to protect and manage water resources in a sustainable manner for the continued welfare of people and natural systems across its 16-county region. It serves Bay, Calhoun, Escambia, Franklin, Gadsden, Gulf, Holmes, Jackson, Leon, Liberty, Okaloosa", "id": "20958691" }, { "contents": "List of peninsulas\n\n\nof southern France. Scandinavia is a peninsula and along with other islands encompassing present-day Sweden, Norway, and part of Finland. Florida is a well-known example of a large peninsula, with its land area divided between the larger Florida peninsula and the smaller Florida panhandle on the north and west. It has several smaller peninsulas within it: Michigan – the only bi-peninsular state – is very distinguishable for its mitten-shaped Lower Peninsula of Michigan which includes: The rifle-shaped Upper Peninsula of Michigan contains", "id": "3528823" }, { "contents": "State of Mexico\n\n\nof Hidalgo, Guerrero and Morelos. These territorial separations have left the state with the size and shape it has today, with the Toluca Valley to the west of Mexico City and a panhandle that extends around the north and east of this entity. The state name is simply \"México\" according to the 1917 Constitution of the United Mexican States, but to distinguish it from both the city and the country it is most often called \"Estado de México\". The demonym used to refer to people and things from the state", "id": "5266359" }, { "contents": "Pensacola, Florida\n\n\nPensacola () is the westernmost city in the Florida Panhandle, approximately from the border with Alabama, and the county seat of Escambia County, in the U.S. state of Florida. As of the 2010 census, the city had a total population of 51,923, down from 56,255 at the 2000 census. Pensacola is the principal city of the Pensacola metropolitan area, which had an estimated 494,883 residents . Pensacola is the site of the first Spanish settlement within the borders of the continental United States in 1559, predating the establishment of St.", "id": "18287772" }, { "contents": "Exit poll\n\n\nstate. In the 2000 US presidential election it was alleged that media organizations released exit poll results for Florida before the polls closed in the Republican-leaning counties of the panhandle, as part of the westernmost area of the state is one hour behind the main peninsula. A study by economist John Lott found an \"unusual\" decline in Panhandle voter turnout compared to previous elections, and that the networks' early call of Florida for Democrat Al Gore may have depressed Republican turnout in other states where the polls remained open. Some", "id": "8813323" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\n. An important concern for those in Alabama's capital city, Montgomery, is those who travel from other cities to panhandle, with a police report from November 2016 showing that most panhandlers in the area had travelled to the city for the purposes of begging. In the city of Daphne, panhandling is prohibited within 25 feet of public roadways and violators are subject to fines, while the cities of Gardendale and Vestavia Hills prevent all forms of panhandling on private and public property. The city of Tuscaloosa prohibits all aggressive panhandling, as", "id": "6576628" }, { "contents": "Wiregrass Region\n\n\nThe Wiregrass Region—or Wiregrass Country—is an area of the Southern United States encompassing parts of southern Georgia, southeastern Alabama, and the Florida Panhandle. The region is named for the native \"Aristida stricta\", commonly known as wiregrass due to its texture. The region stretches approximately from just below Macon, Georgia and follows the Fall Line west to Montgomery, Alabama. From there it turns south and runs to approximately Washington County, Florida in the northern panhandle. From there it runs east, roughly making its southern", "id": "654692" }, { "contents": "Tropical Depression Six (1975)\n\n\ncurved northeastward on July 30 into Mississippi, shortly before degenerating into a remnant low pressure area. The remnants moved through northern Louisiana and Arkansas until dissipating on August 3. The tropical depression dropped heavy rainfall, with some areas of the Florida Panhandle experiencing more than of precipitation. Rainfall from the depression contributed significantly toward making it the wettest July in the Florida Panhandle since 1923. Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, and Walton counties were hardest hit by flooding. Numerous roads were flooded and closed, with $3.2 million (1975 USD)", "id": "8068348" }, { "contents": "Florida Panhandle\n\n\nhas never been a producer of citrus crops because the area is subject to regular frosts and freezes in wintertime, which destroy citrus fruits. The following institutions of higher learning are located in the Panhandle. State University System: Florida College System: Religiously affiliated: The politics of the Florida Panhandle vary considerably depending on location. The western Panhandle, particularly the Emerald Coast, was one of the earliest areas to shake off its Yellow Dog Democrat roots, and since the 1990s has become the Republican area of Florida. Pensacola, Fort", "id": "21191654" }, { "contents": "Cuphea aspera\n\n\nCuphea aspera is a species of flowering plant in the loosestrife family known by the common names tropical waxweed and Chapman's waxweed. It is endemic to Florida in the United States, where it is limited to Gulf and Franklin Counties on the central Florida Panhandle. It has likely been extirpated from Calhoun County. This perennial herb grows up to about 40 centimeters tall from a woody, branching rootstock. The stems are coated in white hairs and purplish glandular hairs. The oppositely arranged or whorled leaves are each up to 2.5 centimeters long", "id": "4965520" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\nasking for donations, as well as actions and behaviours requesting donations within a public space. The idea has been quite contentious. Some media reports reflect calls for increased enforcement of laws against panhandlers, and others report that the ban on panhandling in public spaces is against the civil liberties of individuals, and unconstitutional as it infringes on the First Amendment. In regards to the permit proposal, community opinion was split, with some calling strongly for the implementation of a $25 permit that would need to be carried by panhandlers. The", "id": "6576859" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\n), 2,817 are veterans, and an estimated 5,615 are individuals experiencing chronic homelessness. Panhandling and Begging For 2016, the US Census Bureau reported that there were 3,116,886 people in poverty in Florida, or 15.7% of the state's population. 22.8% of them are children. Begging and panhandling are often a consequence of pervasive poverty due to the need to source money. When focusing on the laws against begging and panhandling it is important to begin with the fact that people become beggars and panhandlers for various reasons. They could", "id": "6576695" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\n7pm and 8am. Similar to the Nashville ordinance, the Memphis ordinance also expressly states areas where panhandling is prohibited including, but not limited to, within 25-feet of any religious assembly, within 50-feet of any entrance or exit from a bank/ATM machine and in any public transportation vehicle. In October 2016, the Memphis City Council voted to extend the ban on panhandling to between 5pm and 10am and to also extend the areas that panhandling is prohibited. Councillor Philip Spinosa Jr. declared that this extension entirely relates", "id": "6576835" }, { "contents": "Border irregularities of the United States\n\n\nBorder irregularities of the United States, particularly panhandles and highway incursions into other jurisdictions, are shown here. Often they are a result of borders which do not conform to geological features. There are several exclaves between the United States and Canada, including the entire state of Alaska (though the state can still be accessed by sea from the United States, except the small settlement Hyder which is only accessible by road from British Columbia). Other exclaves include Akwesasne, the Northwest Angle, and Point Roberts. The status of the", "id": "10873309" } ]

[ { "contents": "Salient (geography)\n\n\nA salient is an elongated protrusion of a geopolitical entity, such as a subnational entity or a sovereign state. While similar to a peninsula in shape, a salient is not surrounded by water on three sides. Instead, it has a land border on at least two sides and extends out from the larger geographical body of the administrative unit. In American English the term panhandle is often used to describe a relatively long and narrow salient, such as the westernmost extension of Oklahoma. Less common descriptors include chimney (if protruding northward", "id": "15451396" }, { "contents": "Salient (geography)\n\n\ninto account other considerations such as economic ties or topography. The following locations are salients in of nations. This definition includes the following counties: Bay, Calhoun, Escambia, Franklin, Gadsden, Gulf, Holmes, Jackson, Jefferson, Leon, Liberty, Madison, Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, Taylor, Wakulla, Walton, and Washington. Many people in the Pacific Northwest refer to the extreme northern section of Idaho's panhandle as \"The Chimney\", due to its resemblance to a chimney when viewed on maps. Although", "id": "15451398" }, { "contents": "Salient (geography)\n\n\n, as a chimney does from a roof, as with the northernmost extremity of West Virginia) and bootheel (if protruding southward, as the heel underneath a boot, such as the Missouri Bootheel). The term \"salient\" is derived from military salients. The term \"panhandle\" derives from the analogous part of a cooking pan, and its use is generally confined to the United States. The salient shape can be the result of arbitrarily drawn international or subnational boundaries, though the location of administrative borders can also take", "id": "15451397" }, { "contents": "Florida Panhandle\n\n\nThe Florida Panhandle (also West Florida and Northwest Florida) is the northwestern part of the U.S. state of Florida, is a strip of land roughly long and wide, lying between Alabama on the north and the west, Georgia on the north, and the Gulf of Mexico to the south. Its eastern boundary is arbitrarily defined. As is the case with the other eight U.S. states that have panhandles, the geographic meaning of the term is inexact and elastic. References to the Florida Panhandle always include the ten counties west of", "id": "21191638" }, { "contents": "Nebraska Panhandle\n\n\nThe Nebraska Panhandle is an area in the western part of the state of Nebraska and one of several U.S. state panhandles, or elongated geographical regions that extend from their main political entity. The Nebraska panhandle is two-thirds as broad as the rest of the state. It is approximately east to west and north to south. The Nebraska panhandle roughly encompasses the area in Nebraska between 102° and 104°W longitude and 41° and 43°N latitude. It comprises 11 counties with a combined land area of , or", "id": "19061706" }, { "contents": "Eastern Panhandle of West Virginia\n\n\nThe Eastern Panhandle is the eastern of the two panhandles in the U.S. state of West Virginia. It is a small stretch of territory in the northeast of the state, bordering Maryland and Virginia. Some sources and regional associations only identify the Eastern Panhandle as being composed of Morgan, Berkeley, and Jefferson Counties. Berkeley and Jefferson Counties are geographically located in the Shenandoah Valley. West Virginia is unusual in having two panhandles, the Eastern Panhandle and the Northern Panhandle. Berkeley, Hampshire, Hardy, Jefferson, and Morgan counties were", "id": "19061660" }, { "contents": "Salient (geography)\n\n\nUtah, like Nebraska, has a protrusion from its otherwise straight border, it is not usually considered a panhandle, as half of the Salt Lake City metropolitan area, the most populous region in the state and the home of the state's capital, is located in the region. Likewise, though New York has a southern protrusion that is more conspicuous than e.g. the Connecticut, Texas and Nebraska Panhandles, this is never considered a panhandle since it accommodates the most densely populated parts of the state. (In New York's", "id": "15451399" }, { "contents": "Escambia County, Florida\n\n\nmodern state boundaries. The Suwannee River was the border between them, which follows a winding path from the northern border of the state to the Gulf of Mexico. Essentially, the Escambia county government had jurisdiction over the \"panhandle\" and \"big bend\" areas and St. Johns over the remainder of the entire state. As population increased in the frontier territory, 21 counties were later organized from Escambia county directly or indirectly. They include Jackson (1821), Gadsden (created from Jackson)(1823), Leon (1824),", "id": "21309649" }, { "contents": "Escambia County, Florida\n\n\nWalton (1824), Washington (created from Jackson and Walton)(1825), Hamilton (1827), Jefferson (1827), Madison (created from Jefferson) (1827), Franklin (1832), Calhoun (1838), Santa Rosa (1842), Wakulla (created from Leon) (1843), Holmes (created from Jackson and Walton) (1848), Liberty (created from Gadsden) (1855), Lafayette and Taylor (created from Madison) (1856), Bay (created from Washington)", "id": "21309650" }, { "contents": "Panhandle, Texas\n\n\nPanhandle is the county seat of Carson County, Texas, United States. The population of the town was 2,452 at the 2010 census. Panhandle is part of the Amarillo metropolitan statistical area. Panhandle derives its name from its central location in the Texas Panhandle. Originally named \"Carson City\", it was later changed to \"Panhandle City\". In 1887, Panhandle obtained a post office, and in 1888 the town was planned as the terminus of the Panhandle and Santa Fe Railway. At that time the town was surrounded", "id": "10105425" }, { "contents": "Oklahoma Panhandle\n\n\nThe Oklahoma Panhandle is the extreme northwestern region of the U.S. state of Oklahoma, consisting of Cimarron County, Texas County and Beaver County, from west to east. As with other salients in the United States, its name comes from the similarity of its shape to the handle of a pan. The three-county Oklahoma Panhandle region had a population of 28,751 at the 2010 U.S. Census, representing 0.77% of the state's population. This is a decrease in total population of 1.2%, a loss of 361 people,", "id": "15853929" }, { "contents": "Marti Coley\n\n\nhusband to Marianna in 1985. Coley then began teaching at Malone High School, where she worked until 1989, at which point she joined the faculty of Chipola College. When her husband, State Representative David A. Coley, died, Marti Coley ran to succeed him in 2005 in the 7th District, which was based in the Florida Panhandle and included parts of Bay, Calhoun, Gadsden, Jackson, Leon, Liberty, Okaloosa, Wakulla, and Washington Counties. In a special election on June 14, 2005, Coley defeated", "id": "14735469" }, { "contents": "Alaska Peninsula\n\n\nThe Alaska Peninsula (also called Aleut Peninsula or Aleutian Peninsula) is a peninsula extending about to the southwest from the mainland of Alaska and ending in the Aleutian Islands. The peninsula separates the Pacific Ocean from Bristol Bay, an arm of the Bering Sea. In literature (especially Russian) the term ‘Alaska Peninsula’ was used to denote the entire northwestern protrusion of the North American continent, or all of what is now the state of Alaska, exclusive of its panhandle and islands. The Lake and Peninsula borough, the", "id": "10955928" }, { "contents": "Florida's 1st congressional district\n\n\nFlorida's 1st congressional district is a congressional district in the U.S. state of Florida, covering the state's western Panhandle. It includes all of Escambia, Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, and Walton counties and portions of Holmes county. The district is anchored in Pensacola and also includes the large military bedroom communities and tourist destinations of Navarre and Fort Walton Beach and stretches along the Emerald Coast. The district, as ranked by the Cook Partisan Voting Index, is the most Republican district in Florida and the 15th most in the United States", "id": "18827097" }, { "contents": "Florida Panhandle\n\n\nBay, fed by Econfina Creek. Pensacola Bay, a deepwater port, is formed by the joining of Escambia and East bays. The Gulf Intracoastal Waterway, completed in 1949, traverses the lower Panhandle by means of bays, lagoons, sounds, and man-made canals. The barrier islands of Perdido Key and Santa Rosa Island extend from the Pandhandle's western extremity to Fort Walton Beach. Interstate 10 is the only interstate highway in the Panhandle, connecting the extreme west with North Florida and Jacksonville. Other older east–", "id": "21191645" }, { "contents": "Pensacola Bay\n\n\nPensacola Bay is a bay located in the northwestern part of Florida, United States, known as the Florida Panhandle. The bay, an inlet of the Gulf of Mexico, is located in Escambia County and Santa Rosa County, adjacent to the city of Pensacola, Florida, and is about 13 miles (21 km) long and 2.5 miles (4 km) wide. The Pensacola Bay estuarine system including Escambia Bay, Pensacola Bay, Blackwater Bay, East Bay, and Santa Rosa Sound, and four rivers—the Escambia", "id": "13261668" }, { "contents": "Texas Panhandle\n\n\nThe Texas Panhandle is a region of the U.S. state of Texas consisting of the northernmost 26 counties in the state. The panhandle is a rectangular area bordered by New Mexico to the west and Oklahoma to the north and east. \"The Handbook of Texas\" defines the southern border of Swisher County as the southern boundary of the Texas Panhandle region. Its land area is , or nearly 10% of the state's total. The Texas Panhandle is slightly larger in size than the US state of West Virginia. An additional are", "id": "13769746" }, { "contents": "Effects of Hurricane Katrina in Florida\n\n\ncontrol facilities, public buildings, and recreation areas. The declaration was determined after the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) sent 20 State Emergency Response Teams to determine the extent of damage. After Hurricane Katrina struck the Gulf Coast, President Bush declared a disaster area for seven counties along the Florida panhandle on September 6; the counties were Bay, Escambia, Franklin, Gulf, Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, and Walton. In addition, Collier County in southwestern Florida was added to the list of disaster areas. In the two", "id": "12360696" }, { "contents": "Eastern Panhandle of West Virginia\n\n\n). Berkeley also includes the Panhandle's largest city, Martinsburg, with a 2010 census population of 17,227. The Eastern Panhandle is West Virginia's fastest-growing region in terms of population and housing. In July 2005, the United States Census Bureau released a list of the top 100 counties according to housing growth. Berkeley County grew 3.95 percent, from 36,365 housing units in 2003 to 37,802 units in 2004. That growth rate was 86th in the nation among the 3,143 United States counties. Jefferson County was not far behind", "id": "19061664" }, { "contents": "Florida Panhandle\n\n\naquarium in Fort Walton Beach, and the former Miracle Strip Amusement Park (1963–2004) in Panama City Beach. In 1971, the federal government acquired many acres of the coastal islands in Escambia, Santa Rosa, and Okaloosa counties, preserving them from commercial development by establishing the Gulf Islands National Seashore, which also covers some islands off the Mississippi coast. Other beach areas protected by the state of Florida include Both state and federal parks offer facilities for camping, picnicking, and other recreational pursuits. In addition, some parts of", "id": "21191659" }, { "contents": "Florida Panhandle\n\n\nthe Apalachicola River, a natural geographic boundary, which was the historic dividing line between the British colonies of West Florida and East Florida. These western counties also lie in the Central Time Zone (with the exception of Gulf County, which is divided between the Eastern and Central Time zones), while the rest of the state is in the Eastern Time Zone. References to the Panhandle \"may\" also include some or all of eight counties immediately east of the Apalachicola known as the Big Bend region, along the curve of", "id": "21191639" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\nand discourage panhandlers throughout the city, especially under unlawful circumstances including panhandling using children, aggression, false information and panhandling while loitering as prohibited by City Ordinances. Within the city of Opelika it is considered a misdemeanour to present false or misleading information while panhandling, and there are requirements for panhandlers to possess a panhandling permit. Threatening behaviours towards those solicited to are also considered misdemeanours and include; being too close, blocking the path of those approached, or panhandling in groups of two or more persons. Those previously charged with these", "id": "6576630" }, { "contents": "Effects of Hurricane Dennis in Florida\n\n\nwere directly killed while several others were killed indirectly, and total damage amounted to $1.5 billion (2005 USD). Directly after the storm, Bay, Dixie, Franklin, Gulf, Taylor, Wakulla and Walton counties were declared federal disaster areas. In the aftermath of the hurricane, president George W. Bush declared 13 counties–Bay, Calhoun, Escambia, Franklin, Gulf, Holmes, Jackson, Monroe, Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, Wakulla, Walton and Washington– in Florida as federal disaster areas. Applicants, including", "id": "8987936" }, { "contents": "Blackwater River (Florida)\n\n\nThe Blackwater River of Florida is a river rising in southern Alabama and flowing through the Florida Panhandle to the Gulf of Mexico. The river enters Florida in Okaloosa County and flows through Santa Rosa County to Blackwater Bay, an arm of Pensacola Bay. The river passes through Blackwater River State Forest and Blackwater River State Park. Milton, the county seat of Santa Rosa County, is located on the river. The Blackwater's sandy bottom, white beaches and large sandbars contrast with the dark tannic water that gives the river its name", "id": "15426373" }, { "contents": "Effects of Hurricane Dennis in Florida\n\n\nAlong the coast, severe beach erosion occurred as a result of the storm, mostly in Walton, Bay, Gulf, Franklin and Wakulla counties. As a result of the pounding surf, the Navarre pier was ripped apart in two places. Milton received of rain, which is the highest reported rainfall total in Florida caused by Dennis. Rainfall across the Florida Panhandle ranged from to , while rainfall across the central and southern portions of the state ranged from to near Tampa. In southern Leon County, flooding was reported with several", "id": "8987934" }, { "contents": "Florida Panhandle\n\n\n\". The \"Forgotten Coast\" is a trademarked term coined in the early 1990s used to refer to the coastal portion of the Florida Panhandle extending from Mexico Beach or southeastern Bay County on the Gulf of Mexico to St. Marks on Apalachee Bay. It is usually not considered a part of the Emerald Coast, which lies directly adjacent to the west. Coastal regions of the following counties (if not the entirety of the counties themselves) are usually included when referring to the Forgotten Coast: The Apalachicola River is the largest river", "id": "21191643" }, { "contents": "St. George Island (Florida)\n\n\nSt. George Island is an island off the Florida Panhandle in the northern Gulf of Mexico. It is in Franklin County, Florida, United States. St. George is a barrier island long and wide at its widest point. St. George Island is adjacent to Cape St. George Island, also known as Little St. George Island. It is connected to the mainland at Eastpoint, Florida by the long St. George Island Bridge over Apalachicola Bay. Nearby towns include Eastpoint, Carrabelle, and Apalachicola. St. George Island is informally divided into three", "id": "6700365" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\naggressive manner is illegal. Section 14-74 defines 'aggressive' as to include causing fear, following, touching, blocking or using threatening gestures in the process of panhandling. This carries a $25 fine and may include a term of imprisonment. While many laws targeting homeless populations are not new, there has been a shift in their focus. Prohibitions, including loitering and sleeping outdoors, have expanded to include strict panhandling restraints. These do not necessarily include complete bans, but can cover when, where and how panhandling", "id": "6576714" }, { "contents": "Texas Panhandle\n\n\nwas under 18 years of age. The 26 northernmost counties that make up the Texas Panhandle include: Major cities of the Texas Panhandle with populations greater than 10,000 include: Some of the smaller towns with populations less than 10,000 include: Much like the rest of West Texas and the Oklahoma Panhandle, the region is very politically and socially conservative. Following the pattern of other larger cities, Amarillo has the largest liberal population in the Panhandle. It was one of the first regions of the state to break away from its Democratic roots", "id": "13769752" }, { "contents": "Tropical Storm Barry (2001)\n\n\nwere issued for parts of Leon and Wakulla counties, while a flash flood watch was in effect for parts of southern Georgia. A tornado watch was issued for the eastern Florida Panhandle, southern Georgia, as well as portions of central and eastern Alabama. As Barry approached the Florida Panhandle, voluntary evacuations took place in eight counties. Shelters opened in six counties, though most were placed on standby. In parts of Franklin County, mandatory evacuations were ordered, and in Okaloosa County, tolls on the Mid-Bay Bridge were", "id": "11208828" }, { "contents": "Northern Panhandle of West Virginia\n\n\nby compromise in the 1780s. Today, due to the southern boundary being an extension of the Mason–Dixon line and the panhandle's proximity to the Pittsburgh area, the Northern Panhandle resembles more of the Midwestern United States or the Northeastern United States compared to the rest of the state (including the Eastern Panhandle of West Virginia), which is classified as part of the Upland South. In 2013, its northernmost two counties were included in the Pittsburgh consolidated area by the U.S. Census. The region has a total combined population", "id": "7663098" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\nmoney is not illegal and in fact, is protected by the Jackson city ordinance that prohibits panhandling. Similar legislation that prohibits begging is also in place in Mississippi's second largest city, Gulfport. In July 2012, Jackson City Councilman Quentin Whitwell proposed tripling existing fines and implementing longer jail sentences for panhandling in response to heightened community concern about aggressive panhandlers and an escalating panhandling \"epidemic\". However, this proposal was later rejected by the Jackson City Council amidst concerns from the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) of Mississippi that", "id": "6576794" }, { "contents": "Escambia Bay\n\n\nEscambia Bay is a bay located in Escambia and Santa Rosa counties, in the far western Florida Panhandle. The city of Pensacola is located on the western side, and the town of Milton is located on the northeastern end of the two-pronged bay. Both places are the county seats of the respective counties. Unusually, Escambia Bay is connected to open waters via Pensacola Bay to its southeast. It is fed primarily by the Escambia River. National Airlines Flight 193, a Boeing 727, crashed into Escambia Bay during a", "id": "13321403" }, { "contents": "West Virginia\n\n\nacross the border from the Pittsburgh metropolitan area, while Bluefield is less than from North Carolina. Huntington in the southwest is close to the states of Ohio and Kentucky, while Martinsburg and Harpers Ferry in the Eastern Panhandle region are considered part of the Washington metropolitan area, in between the states of Maryland and Virginia. The unique position of West Virginia means that it is often included in several geographical regions, including the Mid-Atlantic, the Upland South, and the Southeastern United States. It is the only state that is", "id": "14465678" }, { "contents": "George Gainer\n\n\nGeorge Gainer is an American politician who has served as a Republican member of the Florida Senate since 2016. He represents the 2nd district, encompassing Bay, Holmes, Jackson, Walton, Washington, and part of Okaloosa Counties, in the Florida Panhandle. He previously served as a Bay County commissioner, representing Tyndall AFB and other parts of southern Bay County, from 1968 to 1972 and 2002 to 2016. Gainer was born in Jackson County and attended Gulf Coast Community College. His career in the automobile business began in 1966 and", "id": "9161182" }, { "contents": "Northern Panhandle of West Virginia\n\n\nThe Northern Panhandle is the northern of the two panhandles in the U.S. state of West Virginia. It is a culturally and geographically distinct region of the state. It is the state's northernmost extension, bounded by Ohio and the Ohio River on the north and west and the state of Pennsylvania on the east. Its unusual configuration is the result of the Revolutionary-era claims of Virginia's former Yohogania County boundary lying along the Ohio River, conflicting with interpretations of the Colony of Pennsylvania's royal charter. The conflict was settled", "id": "7663097" }, { "contents": "Florida State Road 4\n\n\nState Road 4 (SR 4) is a two-lane state highway in Escambia, Santa Rosa, and Okaloosa counties in the western corner of the Florida Panhandle. It is signed east–west, but the road is slightly diagonal. The road runs from Century near the Alabama state line at an intersection with U.S. Highway 29 (US 29), to the farming community of Milligan at an intersection with US 90. The road cuts through the Blackwater River State Forest. It crosses the Escambia River, West Fork Big", "id": "16368801" }, { "contents": "Florida Panhandle\n\n\nWalton Beach, Destin and Panama City regularly give Republicans close to or over 70% margins in state and national elections. However, Tallahassee and Gadsden County tend to be strongly Democratic. In the 2008 Presidential election, John McCain received 421,287 votes (60.1%) in the Panhandle, while Barack Obama received 279,206 votes (39.9%). The following counties west of the Apalachicola River are \"always\" included in references to the Panhandle: Some or all of the following counties east of the Apalachicola, in the Big Bend", "id": "21191655" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\nmethods to stop panhandling. This has been developed in the mode of a myriad of pamphlets regarding available services for the homeless which can be printed off and distributed by businesses when they encounter persons panhandling or begging. Such services often report back to the Homeless Outreach Team in an attempt to reduce the prevalence of homelessness in the long-term. Persons encountering panhandlers and beggars in Kansas, if unable to politely refuse, are encouraged to contact 911. Many city and counties within the United States have enacted ordinances to limit or ban", "id": "6576742" }, { "contents": "1975 Atlantic hurricane season\n\n\neastern Louisiana. Once inland, the depression slowly weakened and re-curved northwestward on July 30 into Mississippi. Around that time, the depression dissipated. The remnants persisted at least until August 3, at which time it was situated over Arkansas. The tropical depression dropped heavy rainfall, with some areas of the Florida Panhandle experiencing more than of precipitation, with a maximum total of observed in DeFuniak Springs. Bay, Gulf, Holmes, Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, Wakulla, and Walton were hardest hit. Numerous roads were flooded", "id": "5467703" }, { "contents": "Franklin County, Florida\n\n\nFranklin County includes part of Tate's Hell State Forest. Bald Point State Park is nearby. The county's river's include the Carrabelle River and its tributaries the New River (Florida Panhandle) and Crooked River (Florida), visited by paddlers. The extreme eastern tip of the county is bordered by the Ochlockonee River. Also, St. James Island, while part of the mainland, is technically an island, being separated from the rest of Franklin County by rivers and an estuary. As of the census of 2000,", "id": "21309702" }, { "contents": "Euphorbia telephioides\n\n\nEuphorbia telephioides is a rare species of euphorb known by the common name Telephus spurge. It is endemic to Florida in the United States, where it is known only from three counties in the Panhandle. It is a federally listed threatened species of the United States. This spurge grows in coastal areas in Bay, Gulf, and Franklin Counties in Florida. It is present at about 38 known locations, with some locations newly discovered and some recently extirpated. The habitat is scrub and forest where it often grows alongside slash (\"", "id": "18648849" }, { "contents": "Choctawhatchee Bay\n\n\nChoctawhatchee Bay is a bay in the Emerald Coast region of the Florida Panhandle. The bay, located within Okaloosa and Walton counties, has a surface area of 129 mi (334 km). It is an inlet of the Gulf of Mexico, connected to it through East Pass (also known as Destin Pass). It also connects to Santa Rosa Sound in Fort Walton Beach, Florida to the west and to St. Andrews Bay in Bay County to the east, via the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway. East Pass is the only", "id": "12922504" }, { "contents": "Florida Panhandle\n\n\nApalachee Bay. Like North Central Florida, the Panhandle is more similar in culture and climate to the Deep South than to South Florida in the lower peninsula, being known for its conservative politics and \"piney woods.\" The largest city in the Panhandle is Tallahassee, the state capital, population 188,107 (2014). However, the largest population grouping is the Pensacola Metropolitan Area with a population of 474,081. The total population of the Panhandle, as of the 2010 Census, was 1,407,925, just under 7.5% of Florida", "id": "21191640" }, { "contents": "Aggressive panhandling\n\n\nsuch as near automated teller machines, in a restroom or near your car. This is considered aggressive panhandling and in Indiana it is against the law.\" Constitutional lawyers, including but not limited to the American Civil Liberties Union, have secured a series of court decisions confirming their view that the First Amendment of the United States Constitution protects activities which some local ordinances have attempted to proscribe as illegal panhandling. In response, many jurisdictions have responded by narrowing the definition of illegal panhandling. The generally accepted terminology is to denominate such", "id": "12928769" }, { "contents": "Effects of Hurricane Katrina in Florida\n\n\n. Winds along the Florida panhandle peaked at in Pensacola, with gusts to . High winds briefly closed the Interstate 10 bridge over Escambia Bay in Pensacola. The outer rainbands of the hurricane spawned five tornadoes, all of them weak and not very damaging. Rainfall along the panhandle reached in Philpot, which caused flooding. The winds caused damage to some trees and structures and there was some minor flooding in the panhandle. There were two indirect fatalities from Katrina in Walton County as a result of a traffic accident. Along the Florida", "id": "12360694" }, { "contents": "Florida Conference of Seventh-day Adventists\n\n\nFlorida Conference of Seventh-day Adventists is the organizational body of the Seventh-day Adventist Church for the state of Florida, United States. It is based in Altamonte Springs, Florida. In Spring 2014, the organization relocated from Winter Park, Florida. It is a subdivision of the Southern Union, which in turn is part of the North American Division, one of the 13 worldwide organizational Divisions of the Church. Its territory includes all of the State of Florida except the 10 westernmost panhandle counties: Bay, Calhoun,", "id": "2449992" }, { "contents": "Western short grasslands\n\n\nThe Western short grasslands is a temperate grassland ecoregion of the United States. This ecoregion largely corresponds with the geographical region known as the High Plains. It is located in eastern, northern, and central Montana, eastern Wyoming, western Nebraska (the Nebraska Panhandle), eastern Colorado, western Kansas, western Oklahoma (the Oklahoma Panhandle), eastern New Mexico, the Texas Panhandle and parts of west-central Texas and a very small portion of southwestern South Dakota. The Western short grasslands are characterised by a semi-arid", "id": "11982310" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\nDepartment in Virginia reportedly discouraged citizens from giving to panhandlers in the area, in that \"there's no telling what the cash will be used for\". While many are discouraging giving to panhandlers on motorways due to the context of 'risk', they also appear to portray an underlining negative bias and view of illegitimacy toward people who engage in panhandling. As police in some counties cannot directly arrest someone for begging, the Arlington Police Department note that they do arrest panhandlers for other offences for jaywalking and other traffic related", "id": "6576861" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\nother particular forms of panhandling including asking for money within 15 feet of an ATM or other location where money is dispensed, following someone to ask them for money, panhandling on private property such as going to someone's front door and asking for money, and panhandling in street traffic. The American Civil Liberties Union has raised numerous concerns over Omaha's previous and current panhandling ordinance as it was a violation of the First Amendment and entered negotiations with the City Attorney's Office about their unconstitutional ordinances. The City Council however did not", "id": "6576802" }, { "contents": "History of Pensacola, Florida\n\n\nPensacola and west from Saint Augustine. The riders met at the Indian village of Tallahassee, which was designated as the new territorial capital city. With the development of large cotton plantations, Florida's growing population was 50% enslaved African Americans. In the Panhandle, most slaves outside Pensacola were held by people in Tallahassee and in the plantation counties near the Georgia border, notably Jackson, Gadsden, Leon, and Jefferson. Near the coast, the soil had more sand and was less useful for plantation agriculture. On March 3", "id": "2371441" }, { "contents": "Macbridea alba\n\n\nMacbridea alba is a rare species of flowering plant in the mint family known by the common name white birds-in-a-nest. It is endemic to Florida in the United States, where it is found in four counties in the Florida Panhandle. It is threatened by the loss and degradation of its habitat, and it is federally listed as a threatened species of the United States. This plant grows in the counties of Gulf, Liberty, Franklin and Bay in Florida. There are just under 10,000 individuals in total", "id": "13276590" }, { "contents": "Idaho Panhandle\n\n\nThe Idaho Panhandle—locally known as North Idaho—is a region in the U.S. state of Idaho encompassing the state's 10 northernmost counties: Benewah, Bonner, Boundary, Clearwater, Idaho, Kootenai, Latah, Lewis, Nez Perce, and Shoshone (though the southern part of the region is sometimes referred to as North Central Idaho). The Panhandle is bordered by the state of Washington to the west, Montana to the east, and the Canadian province of British Columbia to the north. The Idaho panhandle, along", "id": "7517710" }, { "contents": "Florida Panhandle\n\n\nof fine quartz eroded from granite in the Appalachian Mountains. The sand is carried seaward by rivers and creeks and deposited by currents along the shore. The beach towns in the Panhandle, many of which play host to college students during spring break, are sometimes derisively called \"the Redneck Riviera\". The term was used as the title of a song by country music artist Tom T. Hall on his 1996 album \"Songs from Sopchoppy\". The album takes its name from a town in rural Wakulla County, near Tallahassee.", "id": "21191657" }, { "contents": "Liatris provincialis\n\n\nLiatris provincialis is a species of flowering plant in the aster family known by the common names Godfrey's blazing star and Godfrey's gayflower. It is endemic to Florida in the United States, where it is limited to Wakulla and Franklin Counties in the Panhandle. This perennial herb grows from a corm and reaches up to 90 centimeters tall. The leaves are linear to lance-shaped and up to 15 centimeters long near the base of the stem, becoming much smaller and narrower farther up the stem. The flower heads are arranged", "id": "8746836" }, { "contents": "1995 Atlantic hurricane season\n\n\nsevere damage in the panhandle. From Wakulla County westward, many structures including homes and buildings were swept away or suffered some degree of damage. In Escambia, Okaloosa, and Santa Rosa counties, nearly 300 homes were destroyed and 1,000 others suffered major damage. The storm left at least $2.1 billion in damage in Florida. In Alabama, storm surge ranging from left significant damage in coastal counties. Inland, tropical storm force winds gusts were observed as far north as Huntsville. Numerous trees and power lines were downed in several", "id": "18736850" }, { "contents": "Doug Broxson\n\n\nDouglas Vaughn \"Doug\" Broxson (born March 10, 1949) is an American politician who is a Republican member of the Florida Senate, representing the 1st district, which includes Escambia, Santa Rosa, and part of Okaloosa Counties in the Florida Panhandle, since 2016. He previously served in the Florida House of Representatives, representing northern Okaloosa County and Santa Rosa County from 2010 to 2016. On March 3, 2018, Broxson rejected a two-year moratorium on the sale of AR-15s. Broxson was born in Pensacola.", "id": "8705642" }, { "contents": "Galilee Panhandle\n\n\nThe Galilee Panhandle (, \"Etzba HaGalil\" (lit. \"Finger of the Galilee\"), is an elongated geopolitical area or \"panhandle\" in northern Israel comprising the northernmost section of the Upper Galilee held by Israel, and the northern Jordan Rift Valley. The Galilee Panhandle incorporates five municipal authorities. Towns in the Galilee Panhandle include Metula and Kiryat Shmona. The Galilee Panhandle is a narrow strip of land running from the Israel-Lebanon border in the far north to an imaginary line above the Hula Valley in the", "id": "15996103" }, { "contents": "Choctawhatchee River\n\n\nfigure in the Florida Panhandle and was highly respected by whites. Following the United States' acquisition of this territory in 1821 from Spain, European Americans entered the panhandle in greater numbers, encroaching on Euchee and Creek territory. In 1814 Andrew Jackson built a stockade called the \"Block House\" at the confluence of the East and West forks of the Chocktawhatchee, near Newton. European-American settlers also used the river in their time, from the years of the earliest land patents around Geneva (1841) until the late 1930s", "id": "18651850" }, { "contents": "Florida's Hazelhurst terrace and shoreline\n\n\nthe mapping by the Florida Geological Survey's terraces and shorelines as a geological marker for marine presence. The Hazelhurst exists in many Florida panhandle counties west to east. What would be Gadsden and Liberty County, Florida in particular had a very large landmass not only created by rising and lowering sea levels, but from depositions from the Apalachicola River on Gadsden's west side. This high ground is within the Tifton/Tallahassee Uplands. Other counties with substantial landmass are Escambia (Perdido River), Santa Rosa (Black River),", "id": "3977543" }, { "contents": "Geography of Florida\n\n\nMuch of the state of Florida is situated on a peninsula between the Gulf of Mexico, the Atlantic Ocean, and the Straits of Florida. Spanning two time zones, it extends to the northwest into a panhandle along the northern Gulf of Mexico. It is bordered on the north by the states of Georgia and Alabama, and on the west, at the end of the panhandle, by Alabama. It is near The Bahamas and several Caribbean countries, particularly Cuba. Florida has 131 public airports, and more than 700 private", "id": "17334477" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 90\n\n\nEscambia bridge between Santa Rosa and Escambia counties. The highway's route continues to the north of I-10 as a two-lane highway through most of the sparsely-populated inland areas of the panhandle, becoming four lanes through and near several towns. In Gadsden County, US 90 cuts to the southeast toward downtown Tallahassee, where it passes the north entrance of Florida State University and expands to six lanes until its intersection with US 27. The portion of the highway that extends through Midway has been designated as the Alfred Lawson,", "id": "4020282" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\npanhandling from busy streets by encouraging citizens to donate money to not-for-profit shelters and food banks, rather than directly donating to panhandling persons. In 2012, Allegany County imposed narrow restrictions on panhandling, allowing only one day permit per person per year for roadside solicitations. Other areas of Maryland with similar permit provisions include Cecil, Frederick and Baltimore counties. In 2012, certain panhandling ordinances within Frederick County revived First Amendment debates after undercover police officers donated money to begging persons and subsequently arrested them on panhandling charges. Frederick", "id": "6576759" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\nmisdemeanour) could increase this penalty to a maximum fine of $500 and/or up to 6 months in jail. While the Tennessee Code is written in very broad and general terms, several city ordinances, most of which were enacted before the Tennessee Code, provide specific restraints on the actions of panhandlers. The Memphis Code of Ordinances contains a very lengthy and detailed section (§ 6-56) on panhandling. Under this section, panhandling is prohibited within a specified zone of Downtown Memphis and is generally prohibited between the hours of", "id": "6576834" }, { "contents": "Texas's 13th congressional district\n\n\nTexas District 13 of the United States House of Representatives is a Congressional District of the U.S. state of Texas that includes most of the Texas Panhandle, parts of Texoma and northeastern parts of North Texas. It winds across the Panhandle into the South Plains, then runs east across the Red River Valley. Covering over , it is the second-largest district geographically in Texas and larger in area than thirteen entire states. The principal cities in the district are Amarillo and Wichita Falls. The current Representative is Republican Mac Thornberry. According", "id": "3400568" }, { "contents": "Gulf Coastal Plain\n\n\nThe Gulf Coastal Plain extends around the Gulf of Mexico in the Southern United States and eastern Mexico. The plain reaches from the Florida Panhandle, southwest Georgia, the southern two-thirds of Alabama, over most of Mississippi, western Tennessee and Kentucky, into southern Illinois, the Missouri Bootheel, eastern and southern Arkansas, all of Louisiana, the southeast corner of Oklahoma, and easternmost Texas in the United States. It continues along the Gulf in northeastern and eastern Mexico, through Tamaulipas and Veracruz to Tabasco and the Yucatán Peninsula", "id": "14786658" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\nis the use of public or city owned space to sleep or to protect one's personal belongings. For example, the use of a tent underneath a bridge in order to serve as a living space is prohibited. Action towards panhandling has also been seen from the government. Many downtown cities around the United States have tried to combat panhandlers by prohibiting panhandling at certain locations as well as restricting the time periods that it is allowed. In Georgia, Atlanta was proactive with this idea by banning panhandling in what is known as the", "id": "6576710" }, { "contents": "Smooth softshell turtle\n\n\nThe smooth softshell turtle (\"Apalone mutica\") is a species of softshell turtle of the family Trionychidae. The species is endemic to North America. \"A. mutica\" is native to North America. It is distributed throughout the central and southcentral United States as its geographic range extends from western Pennsylvania to New Mexico and south to the Florida panhandle. Smooth softshells turtles inhabit the Mississippi River drainage from Louisiana up to North Dakota and Pennsylvania, as well as the Colorado, Brazos, Sabine, and Pearl, Alabama and Escambia", "id": "3718421" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\ncontrol of panhandling, there is a variety of methods used across the state depending on the issues in each city. Many cities such as Mobile, Alabama have introduced a set of ordinances to prohibit panhandling in the \"Downtown Visitors Domain\" area, as well regulations for panhandlers in the rest of the city including disallowing; panhandling at night, physical contact while panhandling, panhandling in groups, and approaching those in queues or traffic. These ordinances are an improvement on the previously vague prohibition of \"begging\". For those soliciting", "id": "6576626" }, { "contents": "Southeast Alaska\n\n\nSoutheast Alaska, colloquially referred to as the Alaska Panhandle or Alaskan Panhandle, is the southeastern portion of the U.S. state of Alaska, bordered to the east by the northern half of the Canadian province of British Columbia. The majority of Southeast Alaska's area is part of the Tongass National Forest, the United States' largest national forest. In many places, the international border runs along the crest of the Boundary Ranges of the Coast Mountains (see Alaska boundary dispute). The region is noted for its scenery and mild rainy", "id": "2599514" }, { "contents": "Panhandle hook\n\n\nA panhandle hook storm has its origins as a strong shortwave low pressure system which traverses the base of a long-wave low pressure trough while geographically coincident with the southwestern United States. Such systems ubiquitously develop a surface low-pressure system in the northwestern Texas and western Oklahoma area (as an eddy effect interaction of the topography of the Rocky Mountains in relation to the jet stream) with associated warm front and cold front, with attending snow to the northwest of the low and severe thunderstorms to the southeast -- the \"hook", "id": "11032666" }, { "contents": "Aggressive panhandling\n\n\nactivity as aggressive panhandling. In 1991 and 1992, federal courts overturned New York and California state laws that made aggressive panhandling illegal. It was observed that \"Groups and individuals all over the United States engage in highly public fundraising for all sorts of causes and charities.\" Restrictions defining solicitation or panhandling as aggressive regard both manner and context. A typical ordinance is one from Longview, Washington: 9.23.030 Place of panhandling – Violation. It shall be unlawful for any person to panhandle when the person solicited is in any of the", "id": "12928770" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\n\"tourist triangle\" in August 2005. Another ban prohibited panhandling within 15 feet of common public places such as ATM's and train stations. Violations are punished with either a fine or imprisonment. In 2012 the city of Atlanta created an anti-panhandling law which criminalizes aggressive panhandling. Aggressive panhandling is defined as any form of gestures or intense intervention for the sake of retrieving monetary substance. This includes blocking the path of a bystander, following a bystander, using harsh language directed at a bystander, or any other indications that", "id": "6576711" }, { "contents": "List of geographical regions in Texas\n\n\nTexas is the second-largest state in the United States, with an area of and a population of 27.47 million in 254 counties. This covers an area wide by long. Due to its location and size, it is a part of a large number of unique geological regions, including the piney woods of East Texas, the plains in the Panhandle, the mountains in far West Texas, and hundreds of miles of coastline. There are several different methods used to describe the geographic and geological differences within the state, and", "id": "8963969" }, { "contents": "Spanish language in the United States\n\n\n(both Americans and other immigrant Europeans). After the Mexican War of Independence from Spain, California, Nevada, Arizona, Utah, western Colorado and southwestern Wyoming also became part of the Mexican territory of Alta California. Most of New Mexico, western Texas, southern Colorado, southwestern Kansas, and the Oklahoma panhandle were part of the territory of Santa Fe de Nuevo México. The geographical isolation and unique political history of this territory led to New Mexican Spanish differing notably from both Spanish spoken in other parts of the United States", "id": "16767467" }, { "contents": "Florida Panhandle\n\n\n's total population as recorded in the same census. \"Emerald Coast\", a term coined in 1983, refers in general to the beaches and coastal resorts from Pensacola to Port St. Joe, but is sometimes used to refer, by extension, to the Panhandle as a whole, especially west of the Apalachicola. Earlier designations include \"Playground of the Gulfcoast\" and the \"Miracle Strip\", especially for the area between Fort Walton Beach and Panama City. Coastal regions of the following counties (if not the entirety of", "id": "21191641" }, { "contents": "Oklahoma Panhandle\n\n\nthe Panhandle traces its origins as being part of the Spanish New Spain empire. The Transcontinental Treaty (Adams–Onís Treaty) of 1819 between Spain and the United States set the western boundary of this portion of the Louisiana Purchase at the 100th meridian. With Mexican independence in 1821, these lands became part of Mexico. With the formation of the Texas Republic, they became part of Texas. When Texas joined the U.S. in 1846, the strip became part of the United States. The Cimarron Cutoff for the Santa Fe Trail", "id": "15853934" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\non panhandling and vending at all highway intersections was proposed in 2001, but was later revised to apply only to Charles County. In 2006, the Anne Arundel County Council enacted a ban on panhandling by children under 18 years old. In April 2007, the Maryland General Assembly passed a bill banning panhandling beside and on Anne Arundel County roadways, as well as prohibiting the display of political signs or advertising messages on any public roadways. The American Civil Liberties Union have consistently opposed solicitation bans, due to concerns that legislation may hinder", "id": "6576757" }, { "contents": "Connecticut panhandle\n\n\nThe Connecticut Panhandle is the southwestern appendage of Connecticut, where it abuts New York State. It is contained entirely in Fairfield County and includes all of Greenwich, Stamford, New Canaan, and Darien, as well as parts of Norwalk and Wilton. It has some of the most expensive residential real estate in the United States. The irregularity in the boundary is the result of territorial disputes in the late 17th century, culminating with New York giving up its claim to this area, whose residents considered themselves part of Connecticut. In", "id": "1465841" }, { "contents": "Gulf Coast of the United States\n\n\nrivers, the largest of which is the Mississippi River. Much of the land along the Gulf Coast is, or was, marshland. Ringing the Gulf Coast is the Gulf Coastal Plain which reaches from Southern Texas to the western Florida Panhandle while the western portions of the Gulf Coast are made up of many barrier islands and peninsulas, including the Padre Island and Galveston Island located in the U.S. State of Texas. These landforms protect numerous bays and inlets providing as a barrier to oncoming waves. The central part of the Gulf Coast", "id": "11618304" }, { "contents": "Tallahassee, Florida\n\n\nOceanic and Atmospheric Administration maintains a National Weather Service in Tallahassee. Their coverage-warning area includes the eastern Florida Panhandle and adjacent Gulf of Mexico waters, the north-central Florida peninsula, and parts of southeastern Alabama and southwestern Georgia. The United States Army Reserve 81st Regional Support Command (USAR) opened an Army Reserve Center at 4307 Jackson Bluff Road. The Naval and Marine Corps Reserve Center (NMCRC) is at 2910 Roberts Avenue host the United States Navy Reserve Navy Operational Support Center Tallahassee (NOSC Tallahassee) and the", "id": "12569798" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\ndonations for charitable organizations, a permit must be obtained for the fundraising operation to be exempt from panhandling ordinances. Panhandling in the Downtown Visitors Domain may result in fines and jail sentences for those involved. Another effort to limit panhandling in Mobile is an initiative using donation meters through which people can donate money to approved charities in attempts to resolve the necessity of panhandling by providing disadvantaged citizens with resources. This method attempts to lessen the recurring arrest and release of the publicly intoxicated, who are often homeless or vagrant and participate in panhandling", "id": "6576627" }, { "contents": "History of Pennsylvania\n\n\na new state constitution in 1790; the constitution replaced the executive council with a governor and a bicameral legislature. Pennsylvania's borders took definitive shape in the decades before and after the Revolutionary War. The Mason–Dixon line established the borders between Pennsylvania and Maryland, and was later extended to serve as the border between Pennsylvania and Virginia (except for what is now West Virginia's northern panhandle). Although some settlers proposed the creation of the state of Westsylvania in the area that now contains Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania retained control of the", "id": "8703019" }, { "contents": "Madison County, Florida\n\n\nMadison County is a county located in the state of Florida, in the center of its northern border with Georgia. As of the 2010 census, the population was 19,224. Its county seat is also called Madison. As of August 28, 2012, Madison became a wet county, meaning that voters had approved the legal sale, possession, or distribution of alcoholic beverages. Located in what is known as the Florida Panhandle, Madison County was created in 1827. It was named for James Madison, fourth President of the United", "id": "21742211" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\nKentucky Supreme Court. In contrast, the city of Ashland, Kentucky has not come under scrutiny as their ordinance is less comprehensive and therefore less likely to impede individuals rights. However, recently the ordinance was amended to further crack down on the act of panhandling, adding an amendment to stop panhandlers from walking out into traffic, in an attempt to keep both beggars and the public safe. Panhandling laws are often controversial as they are generally welcomed by the public, who can feel harassed. However, it is also argued that", "id": "6576745" }, { "contents": "Florida's 1st congressional district\n\n\n. The district is currently represented by Republican Matt Gaetz. The district encompasses the western part of the Florida Panhandle, in the extreme western portion of the state, stretching from Pensacola and the Alabama border east to include Walton, Holmes, and Washington counties. Most of the territory now in the 1st District had been the 3rd District from 1903 to 1963; however, it has been numbered as the 1st District since then. It cast aside its Democratic roots far sooner than most of the other areas of the state. It", "id": "18827098" }, { "contents": "Northwest Florida Water Management District\n\n\nThe Northwest Florida Water Management District (NWFWMD) stretches from the St. Marks River Basin in Jefferson County to the Perdido River in Escambia County. The District is one of five water management districts in Florida created by the Water Resources Act of 1972. The District has worked for decades to protect and manage water resources in a sustainable manner for the continued welfare of people and natural systems across its 16-county region. It serves Bay, Calhoun, Escambia, Franklin, Gadsden, Gulf, Holmes, Jackson, Leon, Liberty, Okaloosa", "id": "20958691" }, { "contents": "List of peninsulas\n\n\nof southern France. Scandinavia is a peninsula and along with other islands encompassing present-day Sweden, Norway, and part of Finland. Florida is a well-known example of a large peninsula, with its land area divided between the larger Florida peninsula and the smaller Florida panhandle on the north and west. It has several smaller peninsulas within it: Michigan – the only bi-peninsular state – is very distinguishable for its mitten-shaped Lower Peninsula of Michigan which includes: The rifle-shaped Upper Peninsula of Michigan contains", "id": "3528823" }, { "contents": "State of Mexico\n\n\nof Hidalgo, Guerrero and Morelos. These territorial separations have left the state with the size and shape it has today, with the Toluca Valley to the west of Mexico City and a panhandle that extends around the north and east of this entity. The state name is simply \"México\" according to the 1917 Constitution of the United Mexican States, but to distinguish it from both the city and the country it is most often called \"Estado de México\". The demonym used to refer to people and things from the state", "id": "5266359" }, { "contents": "Pensacola, Florida\n\n\nPensacola () is the westernmost city in the Florida Panhandle, approximately from the border with Alabama, and the county seat of Escambia County, in the U.S. state of Florida. As of the 2010 census, the city had a total population of 51,923, down from 56,255 at the 2000 census. Pensacola is the principal city of the Pensacola metropolitan area, which had an estimated 494,883 residents . Pensacola is the site of the first Spanish settlement within the borders of the continental United States in 1559, predating the establishment of St.", "id": "18287772" }, { "contents": "Exit poll\n\n\nstate. In the 2000 US presidential election it was alleged that media organizations released exit poll results for Florida before the polls closed in the Republican-leaning counties of the panhandle, as part of the westernmost area of the state is one hour behind the main peninsula. A study by economist John Lott found an \"unusual\" decline in Panhandle voter turnout compared to previous elections, and that the networks' early call of Florida for Democrat Al Gore may have depressed Republican turnout in other states where the polls remained open. Some", "id": "8813323" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\n. An important concern for those in Alabama's capital city, Montgomery, is those who travel from other cities to panhandle, with a police report from November 2016 showing that most panhandlers in the area had travelled to the city for the purposes of begging. In the city of Daphne, panhandling is prohibited within 25 feet of public roadways and violators are subject to fines, while the cities of Gardendale and Vestavia Hills prevent all forms of panhandling on private and public property. The city of Tuscaloosa prohibits all aggressive panhandling, as", "id": "6576628" }, { "contents": "Wiregrass Region\n\n\nThe Wiregrass Region—or Wiregrass Country—is an area of the Southern United States encompassing parts of southern Georgia, southeastern Alabama, and the Florida Panhandle. The region is named for the native \"Aristida stricta\", commonly known as wiregrass due to its texture. The region stretches approximately from just below Macon, Georgia and follows the Fall Line west to Montgomery, Alabama. From there it turns south and runs to approximately Washington County, Florida in the northern panhandle. From there it runs east, roughly making its southern", "id": "654692" }, { "contents": "Tropical Depression Six (1975)\n\n\ncurved northeastward on July 30 into Mississippi, shortly before degenerating into a remnant low pressure area. The remnants moved through northern Louisiana and Arkansas until dissipating on August 3. The tropical depression dropped heavy rainfall, with some areas of the Florida Panhandle experiencing more than of precipitation. Rainfall from the depression contributed significantly toward making it the wettest July in the Florida Panhandle since 1923. Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, and Walton counties were hardest hit by flooding. Numerous roads were flooded and closed, with $3.2 million (1975 USD)", "id": "8068348" }, { "contents": "Florida Panhandle\n\n\nhas never been a producer of citrus crops because the area is subject to regular frosts and freezes in wintertime, which destroy citrus fruits. The following institutions of higher learning are located in the Panhandle. State University System: Florida College System: Religiously affiliated: The politics of the Florida Panhandle vary considerably depending on location. The western Panhandle, particularly the Emerald Coast, was one of the earliest areas to shake off its Yellow Dog Democrat roots, and since the 1990s has become the Republican area of Florida. Pensacola, Fort", "id": "21191654" }, { "contents": "Cuphea aspera\n\n\nCuphea aspera is a species of flowering plant in the loosestrife family known by the common names tropical waxweed and Chapman's waxweed. It is endemic to Florida in the United States, where it is limited to Gulf and Franklin Counties on the central Florida Panhandle. It has likely been extirpated from Calhoun County. This perennial herb grows up to about 40 centimeters tall from a woody, branching rootstock. The stems are coated in white hairs and purplish glandular hairs. The oppositely arranged or whorled leaves are each up to 2.5 centimeters long", "id": "4965520" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\nasking for donations, as well as actions and behaviours requesting donations within a public space. The idea has been quite contentious. Some media reports reflect calls for increased enforcement of laws against panhandlers, and others report that the ban on panhandling in public spaces is against the civil liberties of individuals, and unconstitutional as it infringes on the First Amendment. In regards to the permit proposal, community opinion was split, with some calling strongly for the implementation of a $25 permit that would need to be carried by panhandlers. The", "id": "6576859" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\n), 2,817 are veterans, and an estimated 5,615 are individuals experiencing chronic homelessness. Panhandling and Begging For 2016, the US Census Bureau reported that there were 3,116,886 people in poverty in Florida, or 15.7% of the state's population. 22.8% of them are children. Begging and panhandling are often a consequence of pervasive poverty due to the need to source money. When focusing on the laws against begging and panhandling it is important to begin with the fact that people become beggars and panhandlers for various reasons. They could", "id": "6576695" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\n7pm and 8am. Similar to the Nashville ordinance, the Memphis ordinance also expressly states areas where panhandling is prohibited including, but not limited to, within 25-feet of any religious assembly, within 50-feet of any entrance or exit from a bank/ATM machine and in any public transportation vehicle. In October 2016, the Memphis City Council voted to extend the ban on panhandling to between 5pm and 10am and to also extend the areas that panhandling is prohibited. Councillor Philip Spinosa Jr. declared that this extension entirely relates", "id": "6576835" }, { "contents": "Border irregularities of the United States\n\n\nBorder irregularities of the United States, particularly panhandles and highway incursions into other jurisdictions, are shown here. Often they are a result of borders which do not conform to geological features. There are several exclaves between the United States and Canada, including the entire state of Alaska (though the state can still be accessed by sea from the United States, except the small settlement Hyder which is only accessible by road from British Columbia). Other exclaves include Akwesasne, the Northwest Angle, and Point Roberts. The status of the", "id": "10873309" } ]

[ { "contents": "Salient (geography)\n\n\nA salient is an elongated protrusion of a geopolitical entity, such as a subnational entity or a sovereign state. While similar to a peninsula in shape, a salient is not surrounded by water on three sides. Instead, it has a land border on at least two sides and extends out from the larger geographical body of the administrative unit. In American English the term panhandle is often used to describe a relatively long and narrow salient, such as the westernmost extension of Oklahoma. Less common descriptors include chimney (if protruding northward", "id": "15451396" }, { "contents": "Salient (geography)\n\n\ninto account other considerations such as economic ties or topography. The following locations are salients in of nations. This definition includes the following counties: Bay, Calhoun, Escambia, Franklin, Gadsden, Gulf, Holmes, Jackson, Jefferson, Leon, Liberty, Madison, Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, Taylor, Wakulla, Walton, and Washington. Many people in the Pacific Northwest refer to the extreme northern section of Idaho's panhandle as \"The Chimney\", due to its resemblance to a chimney when viewed on maps. Although", "id": "15451398" }, { "contents": "Salient (geography)\n\n\n, as a chimney does from a roof, as with the northernmost extremity of West Virginia) and bootheel (if protruding southward, as the heel underneath a boot, such as the Missouri Bootheel). The term \"salient\" is derived from military salients. The term \"panhandle\" derives from the analogous part of a cooking pan, and its use is generally confined to the United States. The salient shape can be the result of arbitrarily drawn international or subnational boundaries, though the location of administrative borders can also take", "id": "15451397" }, { "contents": "Florida Panhandle\n\n\nThe Florida Panhandle (also West Florida and Northwest Florida) is the northwestern part of the U.S. state of Florida, is a strip of land roughly long and wide, lying between Alabama on the north and the west, Georgia on the north, and the Gulf of Mexico to the south. Its eastern boundary is arbitrarily defined. As is the case with the other eight U.S. states that have panhandles, the geographic meaning of the term is inexact and elastic. References to the Florida Panhandle always include the ten counties west of", "id": "21191638" }, { "contents": "Nebraska Panhandle\n\n\nThe Nebraska Panhandle is an area in the western part of the state of Nebraska and one of several U.S. state panhandles, or elongated geographical regions that extend from their main political entity. The Nebraska panhandle is two-thirds as broad as the rest of the state. It is approximately east to west and north to south. The Nebraska panhandle roughly encompasses the area in Nebraska between 102° and 104°W longitude and 41° and 43°N latitude. It comprises 11 counties with a combined land area of , or", "id": "19061706" }, { "contents": "Eastern Panhandle of West Virginia\n\n\nThe Eastern Panhandle is the eastern of the two panhandles in the U.S. state of West Virginia. It is a small stretch of territory in the northeast of the state, bordering Maryland and Virginia. Some sources and regional associations only identify the Eastern Panhandle as being composed of Morgan, Berkeley, and Jefferson Counties. Berkeley and Jefferson Counties are geographically located in the Shenandoah Valley. West Virginia is unusual in having two panhandles, the Eastern Panhandle and the Northern Panhandle. Berkeley, Hampshire, Hardy, Jefferson, and Morgan counties were", "id": "19061660" }, { "contents": "Salient (geography)\n\n\nUtah, like Nebraska, has a protrusion from its otherwise straight border, it is not usually considered a panhandle, as half of the Salt Lake City metropolitan area, the most populous region in the state and the home of the state's capital, is located in the region. Likewise, though New York has a southern protrusion that is more conspicuous than e.g. the Connecticut, Texas and Nebraska Panhandles, this is never considered a panhandle since it accommodates the most densely populated parts of the state. (In New York's", "id": "15451399" }, { "contents": "Escambia County, Florida\n\n\nmodern state boundaries. The Suwannee River was the border between them, which follows a winding path from the northern border of the state to the Gulf of Mexico. Essentially, the Escambia county government had jurisdiction over the \"panhandle\" and \"big bend\" areas and St. Johns over the remainder of the entire state. As population increased in the frontier territory, 21 counties were later organized from Escambia county directly or indirectly. They include Jackson (1821), Gadsden (created from Jackson)(1823), Leon (1824),", "id": "21309649" }, { "contents": "Escambia County, Florida\n\n\nWalton (1824), Washington (created from Jackson and Walton)(1825), Hamilton (1827), Jefferson (1827), Madison (created from Jefferson) (1827), Franklin (1832), Calhoun (1838), Santa Rosa (1842), Wakulla (created from Leon) (1843), Holmes (created from Jackson and Walton) (1848), Liberty (created from Gadsden) (1855), Lafayette and Taylor (created from Madison) (1856), Bay (created from Washington)", "id": "21309650" }, { "contents": "Panhandle, Texas\n\n\nPanhandle is the county seat of Carson County, Texas, United States. The population of the town was 2,452 at the 2010 census. Panhandle is part of the Amarillo metropolitan statistical area. Panhandle derives its name from its central location in the Texas Panhandle. Originally named \"Carson City\", it was later changed to \"Panhandle City\". In 1887, Panhandle obtained a post office, and in 1888 the town was planned as the terminus of the Panhandle and Santa Fe Railway. At that time the town was surrounded", "id": "10105425" }, { "contents": "Oklahoma Panhandle\n\n\nThe Oklahoma Panhandle is the extreme northwestern region of the U.S. state of Oklahoma, consisting of Cimarron County, Texas County and Beaver County, from west to east. As with other salients in the United States, its name comes from the similarity of its shape to the handle of a pan. The three-county Oklahoma Panhandle region had a population of 28,751 at the 2010 U.S. Census, representing 0.77% of the state's population. This is a decrease in total population of 1.2%, a loss of 361 people,", "id": "15853929" }, { "contents": "Marti Coley\n\n\nhusband to Marianna in 1985. Coley then began teaching at Malone High School, where she worked until 1989, at which point she joined the faculty of Chipola College. When her husband, State Representative David A. Coley, died, Marti Coley ran to succeed him in 2005 in the 7th District, which was based in the Florida Panhandle and included parts of Bay, Calhoun, Gadsden, Jackson, Leon, Liberty, Okaloosa, Wakulla, and Washington Counties. In a special election on June 14, 2005, Coley defeated", "id": "14735469" }, { "contents": "Alaska Peninsula\n\n\nThe Alaska Peninsula (also called Aleut Peninsula or Aleutian Peninsula) is a peninsula extending about to the southwest from the mainland of Alaska and ending in the Aleutian Islands. The peninsula separates the Pacific Ocean from Bristol Bay, an arm of the Bering Sea. In literature (especially Russian) the term ‘Alaska Peninsula’ was used to denote the entire northwestern protrusion of the North American continent, or all of what is now the state of Alaska, exclusive of its panhandle and islands. The Lake and Peninsula borough, the", "id": "10955928" }, { "contents": "Florida's 1st congressional district\n\n\nFlorida's 1st congressional district is a congressional district in the U.S. state of Florida, covering the state's western Panhandle. It includes all of Escambia, Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, and Walton counties and portions of Holmes county. The district is anchored in Pensacola and also includes the large military bedroom communities and tourist destinations of Navarre and Fort Walton Beach and stretches along the Emerald Coast. The district, as ranked by the Cook Partisan Voting Index, is the most Republican district in Florida and the 15th most in the United States", "id": "18827097" }, { "contents": "Florida Panhandle\n\n\nBay, fed by Econfina Creek. Pensacola Bay, a deepwater port, is formed by the joining of Escambia and East bays. The Gulf Intracoastal Waterway, completed in 1949, traverses the lower Panhandle by means of bays, lagoons, sounds, and man-made canals. The barrier islands of Perdido Key and Santa Rosa Island extend from the Pandhandle's western extremity to Fort Walton Beach. Interstate 10 is the only interstate highway in the Panhandle, connecting the extreme west with North Florida and Jacksonville. Other older east–", "id": "21191645" }, { "contents": "Pensacola Bay\n\n\nPensacola Bay is a bay located in the northwestern part of Florida, United States, known as the Florida Panhandle. The bay, an inlet of the Gulf of Mexico, is located in Escambia County and Santa Rosa County, adjacent to the city of Pensacola, Florida, and is about 13 miles (21 km) long and 2.5 miles (4 km) wide. The Pensacola Bay estuarine system including Escambia Bay, Pensacola Bay, Blackwater Bay, East Bay, and Santa Rosa Sound, and four rivers—the Escambia", "id": "13261668" }, { "contents": "Texas Panhandle\n\n\nThe Texas Panhandle is a region of the U.S. state of Texas consisting of the northernmost 26 counties in the state. The panhandle is a rectangular area bordered by New Mexico to the west and Oklahoma to the north and east. \"The Handbook of Texas\" defines the southern border of Swisher County as the southern boundary of the Texas Panhandle region. Its land area is , or nearly 10% of the state's total. The Texas Panhandle is slightly larger in size than the US state of West Virginia. An additional are", "id": "13769746" }, { "contents": "Effects of Hurricane Katrina in Florida\n\n\ncontrol facilities, public buildings, and recreation areas. The declaration was determined after the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) sent 20 State Emergency Response Teams to determine the extent of damage. After Hurricane Katrina struck the Gulf Coast, President Bush declared a disaster area for seven counties along the Florida panhandle on September 6; the counties were Bay, Escambia, Franklin, Gulf, Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, and Walton. In addition, Collier County in southwestern Florida was added to the list of disaster areas. In the two", "id": "12360696" }, { "contents": "Eastern Panhandle of West Virginia\n\n\n). Berkeley also includes the Panhandle's largest city, Martinsburg, with a 2010 census population of 17,227. The Eastern Panhandle is West Virginia's fastest-growing region in terms of population and housing. In July 2005, the United States Census Bureau released a list of the top 100 counties according to housing growth. Berkeley County grew 3.95 percent, from 36,365 housing units in 2003 to 37,802 units in 2004. That growth rate was 86th in the nation among the 3,143 United States counties. Jefferson County was not far behind", "id": "19061664" }, { "contents": "Florida Panhandle\n\n\naquarium in Fort Walton Beach, and the former Miracle Strip Amusement Park (1963–2004) in Panama City Beach. In 1971, the federal government acquired many acres of the coastal islands in Escambia, Santa Rosa, and Okaloosa counties, preserving them from commercial development by establishing the Gulf Islands National Seashore, which also covers some islands off the Mississippi coast. Other beach areas protected by the state of Florida include Both state and federal parks offer facilities for camping, picnicking, and other recreational pursuits. In addition, some parts of", "id": "21191659" }, { "contents": "Florida Panhandle\n\n\nthe Apalachicola River, a natural geographic boundary, which was the historic dividing line between the British colonies of West Florida and East Florida. These western counties also lie in the Central Time Zone (with the exception of Gulf County, which is divided between the Eastern and Central Time zones), while the rest of the state is in the Eastern Time Zone. References to the Panhandle \"may\" also include some or all of eight counties immediately east of the Apalachicola known as the Big Bend region, along the curve of", "id": "21191639" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\nand discourage panhandlers throughout the city, especially under unlawful circumstances including panhandling using children, aggression, false information and panhandling while loitering as prohibited by City Ordinances. Within the city of Opelika it is considered a misdemeanour to present false or misleading information while panhandling, and there are requirements for panhandlers to possess a panhandling permit. Threatening behaviours towards those solicited to are also considered misdemeanours and include; being too close, blocking the path of those approached, or panhandling in groups of two or more persons. Those previously charged with these", "id": "6576630" }, { "contents": "Effects of Hurricane Dennis in Florida\n\n\nwere directly killed while several others were killed indirectly, and total damage amounted to $1.5 billion (2005 USD). Directly after the storm, Bay, Dixie, Franklin, Gulf, Taylor, Wakulla and Walton counties were declared federal disaster areas. In the aftermath of the hurricane, president George W. Bush declared 13 counties–Bay, Calhoun, Escambia, Franklin, Gulf, Holmes, Jackson, Monroe, Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, Wakulla, Walton and Washington– in Florida as federal disaster areas. Applicants, including", "id": "8987936" }, { "contents": "Blackwater River (Florida)\n\n\nThe Blackwater River of Florida is a river rising in southern Alabama and flowing through the Florida Panhandle to the Gulf of Mexico. The river enters Florida in Okaloosa County and flows through Santa Rosa County to Blackwater Bay, an arm of Pensacola Bay. The river passes through Blackwater River State Forest and Blackwater River State Park. Milton, the county seat of Santa Rosa County, is located on the river. The Blackwater's sandy bottom, white beaches and large sandbars contrast with the dark tannic water that gives the river its name", "id": "15426373" }, { "contents": "Effects of Hurricane Dennis in Florida\n\n\nAlong the coast, severe beach erosion occurred as a result of the storm, mostly in Walton, Bay, Gulf, Franklin and Wakulla counties. As a result of the pounding surf, the Navarre pier was ripped apart in two places. Milton received of rain, which is the highest reported rainfall total in Florida caused by Dennis. Rainfall across the Florida Panhandle ranged from to , while rainfall across the central and southern portions of the state ranged from to near Tampa. In southern Leon County, flooding was reported with several", "id": "8987934" }, { "contents": "Florida Panhandle\n\n\n\". The \"Forgotten Coast\" is a trademarked term coined in the early 1990s used to refer to the coastal portion of the Florida Panhandle extending from Mexico Beach or southeastern Bay County on the Gulf of Mexico to St. Marks on Apalachee Bay. It is usually not considered a part of the Emerald Coast, which lies directly adjacent to the west. Coastal regions of the following counties (if not the entirety of the counties themselves) are usually included when referring to the Forgotten Coast: The Apalachicola River is the largest river", "id": "21191643" }, { "contents": "St. George Island (Florida)\n\n\nSt. George Island is an island off the Florida Panhandle in the northern Gulf of Mexico. It is in Franklin County, Florida, United States. St. George is a barrier island long and wide at its widest point. St. George Island is adjacent to Cape St. George Island, also known as Little St. George Island. It is connected to the mainland at Eastpoint, Florida by the long St. George Island Bridge over Apalachicola Bay. Nearby towns include Eastpoint, Carrabelle, and Apalachicola. St. George Island is informally divided into three", "id": "6700365" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\naggressive manner is illegal. Section 14-74 defines 'aggressive' as to include causing fear, following, touching, blocking or using threatening gestures in the process of panhandling. This carries a $25 fine and may include a term of imprisonment. While many laws targeting homeless populations are not new, there has been a shift in their focus. Prohibitions, including loitering and sleeping outdoors, have expanded to include strict panhandling restraints. These do not necessarily include complete bans, but can cover when, where and how panhandling", "id": "6576714" }, { "contents": "Texas Panhandle\n\n\nwas under 18 years of age. The 26 northernmost counties that make up the Texas Panhandle include: Major cities of the Texas Panhandle with populations greater than 10,000 include: Some of the smaller towns with populations less than 10,000 include: Much like the rest of West Texas and the Oklahoma Panhandle, the region is very politically and socially conservative. Following the pattern of other larger cities, Amarillo has the largest liberal population in the Panhandle. It was one of the first regions of the state to break away from its Democratic roots", "id": "13769752" }, { "contents": "Tropical Storm Barry (2001)\n\n\nwere issued for parts of Leon and Wakulla counties, while a flash flood watch was in effect for parts of southern Georgia. A tornado watch was issued for the eastern Florida Panhandle, southern Georgia, as well as portions of central and eastern Alabama. As Barry approached the Florida Panhandle, voluntary evacuations took place in eight counties. Shelters opened in six counties, though most were placed on standby. In parts of Franklin County, mandatory evacuations were ordered, and in Okaloosa County, tolls on the Mid-Bay Bridge were", "id": "11208828" }, { "contents": "Northern Panhandle of West Virginia\n\n\nby compromise in the 1780s. Today, due to the southern boundary being an extension of the Mason–Dixon line and the panhandle's proximity to the Pittsburgh area, the Northern Panhandle resembles more of the Midwestern United States or the Northeastern United States compared to the rest of the state (including the Eastern Panhandle of West Virginia), which is classified as part of the Upland South. In 2013, its northernmost two counties were included in the Pittsburgh consolidated area by the U.S. Census. The region has a total combined population", "id": "7663098" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\nmoney is not illegal and in fact, is protected by the Jackson city ordinance that prohibits panhandling. Similar legislation that prohibits begging is also in place in Mississippi's second largest city, Gulfport. In July 2012, Jackson City Councilman Quentin Whitwell proposed tripling existing fines and implementing longer jail sentences for panhandling in response to heightened community concern about aggressive panhandlers and an escalating panhandling \"epidemic\". However, this proposal was later rejected by the Jackson City Council amidst concerns from the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) of Mississippi that", "id": "6576794" }, { "contents": "Escambia Bay\n\n\nEscambia Bay is a bay located in Escambia and Santa Rosa counties, in the far western Florida Panhandle. The city of Pensacola is located on the western side, and the town of Milton is located on the northeastern end of the two-pronged bay. Both places are the county seats of the respective counties. Unusually, Escambia Bay is connected to open waters via Pensacola Bay to its southeast. It is fed primarily by the Escambia River. National Airlines Flight 193, a Boeing 727, crashed into Escambia Bay during a", "id": "13321403" }, { "contents": "West Virginia\n\n\nacross the border from the Pittsburgh metropolitan area, while Bluefield is less than from North Carolina. Huntington in the southwest is close to the states of Ohio and Kentucky, while Martinsburg and Harpers Ferry in the Eastern Panhandle region are considered part of the Washington metropolitan area, in between the states of Maryland and Virginia. The unique position of West Virginia means that it is often included in several geographical regions, including the Mid-Atlantic, the Upland South, and the Southeastern United States. It is the only state that is", "id": "14465678" }, { "contents": "George Gainer\n\n\nGeorge Gainer is an American politician who has served as a Republican member of the Florida Senate since 2016. He represents the 2nd district, encompassing Bay, Holmes, Jackson, Walton, Washington, and part of Okaloosa Counties, in the Florida Panhandle. He previously served as a Bay County commissioner, representing Tyndall AFB and other parts of southern Bay County, from 1968 to 1972 and 2002 to 2016. Gainer was born in Jackson County and attended Gulf Coast Community College. His career in the automobile business began in 1966 and", "id": "9161182" }, { "contents": "Northern Panhandle of West Virginia\n\n\nThe Northern Panhandle is the northern of the two panhandles in the U.S. state of West Virginia. It is a culturally and geographically distinct region of the state. It is the state's northernmost extension, bounded by Ohio and the Ohio River on the north and west and the state of Pennsylvania on the east. Its unusual configuration is the result of the Revolutionary-era claims of Virginia's former Yohogania County boundary lying along the Ohio River, conflicting with interpretations of the Colony of Pennsylvania's royal charter. The conflict was settled", "id": "7663097" }, { "contents": "Florida State Road 4\n\n\nState Road 4 (SR 4) is a two-lane state highway in Escambia, Santa Rosa, and Okaloosa counties in the western corner of the Florida Panhandle. It is signed east–west, but the road is slightly diagonal. The road runs from Century near the Alabama state line at an intersection with U.S. Highway 29 (US 29), to the farming community of Milligan at an intersection with US 90. The road cuts through the Blackwater River State Forest. It crosses the Escambia River, West Fork Big", "id": "16368801" }, { "contents": "Florida Panhandle\n\n\nWalton Beach, Destin and Panama City regularly give Republicans close to or over 70% margins in state and national elections. However, Tallahassee and Gadsden County tend to be strongly Democratic. In the 2008 Presidential election, John McCain received 421,287 votes (60.1%) in the Panhandle, while Barack Obama received 279,206 votes (39.9%). The following counties west of the Apalachicola River are \"always\" included in references to the Panhandle: Some or all of the following counties east of the Apalachicola, in the Big Bend", "id": "21191655" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\nmethods to stop panhandling. This has been developed in the mode of a myriad of pamphlets regarding available services for the homeless which can be printed off and distributed by businesses when they encounter persons panhandling or begging. Such services often report back to the Homeless Outreach Team in an attempt to reduce the prevalence of homelessness in the long-term. Persons encountering panhandlers and beggars in Kansas, if unable to politely refuse, are encouraged to contact 911. Many city and counties within the United States have enacted ordinances to limit or ban", "id": "6576742" }, { "contents": "1975 Atlantic hurricane season\n\n\neastern Louisiana. Once inland, the depression slowly weakened and re-curved northwestward on July 30 into Mississippi. Around that time, the depression dissipated. The remnants persisted at least until August 3, at which time it was situated over Arkansas. The tropical depression dropped heavy rainfall, with some areas of the Florida Panhandle experiencing more than of precipitation, with a maximum total of observed in DeFuniak Springs. Bay, Gulf, Holmes, Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, Wakulla, and Walton were hardest hit. Numerous roads were flooded", "id": "5467703" }, { "contents": "Franklin County, Florida\n\n\nFranklin County includes part of Tate's Hell State Forest. Bald Point State Park is nearby. The county's river's include the Carrabelle River and its tributaries the New River (Florida Panhandle) and Crooked River (Florida), visited by paddlers. The extreme eastern tip of the county is bordered by the Ochlockonee River. Also, St. James Island, while part of the mainland, is technically an island, being separated from the rest of Franklin County by rivers and an estuary. As of the census of 2000,", "id": "21309702" }, { "contents": "Euphorbia telephioides\n\n\nEuphorbia telephioides is a rare species of euphorb known by the common name Telephus spurge. It is endemic to Florida in the United States, where it is known only from three counties in the Panhandle. It is a federally listed threatened species of the United States. This spurge grows in coastal areas in Bay, Gulf, and Franklin Counties in Florida. It is present at about 38 known locations, with some locations newly discovered and some recently extirpated. The habitat is scrub and forest where it often grows alongside slash (\"", "id": "18648849" }, { "contents": "Choctawhatchee Bay\n\n\nChoctawhatchee Bay is a bay in the Emerald Coast region of the Florida Panhandle. The bay, located within Okaloosa and Walton counties, has a surface area of 129 mi (334 km). It is an inlet of the Gulf of Mexico, connected to it through East Pass (also known as Destin Pass). It also connects to Santa Rosa Sound in Fort Walton Beach, Florida to the west and to St. Andrews Bay in Bay County to the east, via the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway. East Pass is the only", "id": "12922504" }, { "contents": "Florida Panhandle\n\n\nApalachee Bay. Like North Central Florida, the Panhandle is more similar in culture and climate to the Deep South than to South Florida in the lower peninsula, being known for its conservative politics and \"piney woods.\" The largest city in the Panhandle is Tallahassee, the state capital, population 188,107 (2014). However, the largest population grouping is the Pensacola Metropolitan Area with a population of 474,081. The total population of the Panhandle, as of the 2010 Census, was 1,407,925, just under 7.5% of Florida", "id": "21191640" }, { "contents": "Aggressive panhandling\n\n\nsuch as near automated teller machines, in a restroom or near your car. This is considered aggressive panhandling and in Indiana it is against the law.\" Constitutional lawyers, including but not limited to the American Civil Liberties Union, have secured a series of court decisions confirming their view that the First Amendment of the United States Constitution protects activities which some local ordinances have attempted to proscribe as illegal panhandling. In response, many jurisdictions have responded by narrowing the definition of illegal panhandling. The generally accepted terminology is to denominate such", "id": "12928769" }, { "contents": "Effects of Hurricane Katrina in Florida\n\n\n. Winds along the Florida panhandle peaked at in Pensacola, with gusts to . High winds briefly closed the Interstate 10 bridge over Escambia Bay in Pensacola. The outer rainbands of the hurricane spawned five tornadoes, all of them weak and not very damaging. Rainfall along the panhandle reached in Philpot, which caused flooding. The winds caused damage to some trees and structures and there was some minor flooding in the panhandle. There were two indirect fatalities from Katrina in Walton County as a result of a traffic accident. Along the Florida", "id": "12360694" }, { "contents": "Florida Conference of Seventh-day Adventists\n\n\nFlorida Conference of Seventh-day Adventists is the organizational body of the Seventh-day Adventist Church for the state of Florida, United States. It is based in Altamonte Springs, Florida. In Spring 2014, the organization relocated from Winter Park, Florida. It is a subdivision of the Southern Union, which in turn is part of the North American Division, one of the 13 worldwide organizational Divisions of the Church. Its territory includes all of the State of Florida except the 10 westernmost panhandle counties: Bay, Calhoun,", "id": "2449992" }, { "contents": "Western short grasslands\n\n\nThe Western short grasslands is a temperate grassland ecoregion of the United States. This ecoregion largely corresponds with the geographical region known as the High Plains. It is located in eastern, northern, and central Montana, eastern Wyoming, western Nebraska (the Nebraska Panhandle), eastern Colorado, western Kansas, western Oklahoma (the Oklahoma Panhandle), eastern New Mexico, the Texas Panhandle and parts of west-central Texas and a very small portion of southwestern South Dakota. The Western short grasslands are characterised by a semi-arid", "id": "11982310" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\nDepartment in Virginia reportedly discouraged citizens from giving to panhandlers in the area, in that \"there's no telling what the cash will be used for\". While many are discouraging giving to panhandlers on motorways due to the context of 'risk', they also appear to portray an underlining negative bias and view of illegitimacy toward people who engage in panhandling. As police in some counties cannot directly arrest someone for begging, the Arlington Police Department note that they do arrest panhandlers for other offences for jaywalking and other traffic related", "id": "6576861" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\nother particular forms of panhandling including asking for money within 15 feet of an ATM or other location where money is dispensed, following someone to ask them for money, panhandling on private property such as going to someone's front door and asking for money, and panhandling in street traffic. The American Civil Liberties Union has raised numerous concerns over Omaha's previous and current panhandling ordinance as it was a violation of the First Amendment and entered negotiations with the City Attorney's Office about their unconstitutional ordinances. The City Council however did not", "id": "6576802" }, { "contents": "History of Pensacola, Florida\n\n\nPensacola and west from Saint Augustine. The riders met at the Indian village of Tallahassee, which was designated as the new territorial capital city. With the development of large cotton plantations, Florida's growing population was 50% enslaved African Americans. In the Panhandle, most slaves outside Pensacola were held by people in Tallahassee and in the plantation counties near the Georgia border, notably Jackson, Gadsden, Leon, and Jefferson. Near the coast, the soil had more sand and was less useful for plantation agriculture. On March 3", "id": "2371441" }, { "contents": "Macbridea alba\n\n\nMacbridea alba is a rare species of flowering plant in the mint family known by the common name white birds-in-a-nest. It is endemic to Florida in the United States, where it is found in four counties in the Florida Panhandle. It is threatened by the loss and degradation of its habitat, and it is federally listed as a threatened species of the United States. This plant grows in the counties of Gulf, Liberty, Franklin and Bay in Florida. There are just under 10,000 individuals in total", "id": "13276590" }, { "contents": "Idaho Panhandle\n\n\nThe Idaho Panhandle—locally known as North Idaho—is a region in the U.S. state of Idaho encompassing the state's 10 northernmost counties: Benewah, Bonner, Boundary, Clearwater, Idaho, Kootenai, Latah, Lewis, Nez Perce, and Shoshone (though the southern part of the region is sometimes referred to as North Central Idaho). The Panhandle is bordered by the state of Washington to the west, Montana to the east, and the Canadian province of British Columbia to the north. The Idaho panhandle, along", "id": "7517710" }, { "contents": "Florida Panhandle\n\n\nof fine quartz eroded from granite in the Appalachian Mountains. The sand is carried seaward by rivers and creeks and deposited by currents along the shore. The beach towns in the Panhandle, many of which play host to college students during spring break, are sometimes derisively called \"the Redneck Riviera\". The term was used as the title of a song by country music artist Tom T. Hall on his 1996 album \"Songs from Sopchoppy\". The album takes its name from a town in rural Wakulla County, near Tallahassee.", "id": "21191657" }, { "contents": "Liatris provincialis\n\n\nLiatris provincialis is a species of flowering plant in the aster family known by the common names Godfrey's blazing star and Godfrey's gayflower. It is endemic to Florida in the United States, where it is limited to Wakulla and Franklin Counties in the Panhandle. This perennial herb grows from a corm and reaches up to 90 centimeters tall. The leaves are linear to lance-shaped and up to 15 centimeters long near the base of the stem, becoming much smaller and narrower farther up the stem. The flower heads are arranged", "id": "8746836" }, { "contents": "1995 Atlantic hurricane season\n\n\nsevere damage in the panhandle. From Wakulla County westward, many structures including homes and buildings were swept away or suffered some degree of damage. In Escambia, Okaloosa, and Santa Rosa counties, nearly 300 homes were destroyed and 1,000 others suffered major damage. The storm left at least $2.1 billion in damage in Florida. In Alabama, storm surge ranging from left significant damage in coastal counties. Inland, tropical storm force winds gusts were observed as far north as Huntsville. Numerous trees and power lines were downed in several", "id": "18736850" }, { "contents": "Doug Broxson\n\n\nDouglas Vaughn \"Doug\" Broxson (born March 10, 1949) is an American politician who is a Republican member of the Florida Senate, representing the 1st district, which includes Escambia, Santa Rosa, and part of Okaloosa Counties in the Florida Panhandle, since 2016. He previously served in the Florida House of Representatives, representing northern Okaloosa County and Santa Rosa County from 2010 to 2016. On March 3, 2018, Broxson rejected a two-year moratorium on the sale of AR-15s. Broxson was born in Pensacola.", "id": "8705642" }, { "contents": "Galilee Panhandle\n\n\nThe Galilee Panhandle (, \"Etzba HaGalil\" (lit. \"Finger of the Galilee\"), is an elongated geopolitical area or \"panhandle\" in northern Israel comprising the northernmost section of the Upper Galilee held by Israel, and the northern Jordan Rift Valley. The Galilee Panhandle incorporates five municipal authorities. Towns in the Galilee Panhandle include Metula and Kiryat Shmona. The Galilee Panhandle is a narrow strip of land running from the Israel-Lebanon border in the far north to an imaginary line above the Hula Valley in the", "id": "15996103" }, { "contents": "Choctawhatchee River\n\n\nfigure in the Florida Panhandle and was highly respected by whites. Following the United States' acquisition of this territory in 1821 from Spain, European Americans entered the panhandle in greater numbers, encroaching on Euchee and Creek territory. In 1814 Andrew Jackson built a stockade called the \"Block House\" at the confluence of the East and West forks of the Chocktawhatchee, near Newton. European-American settlers also used the river in their time, from the years of the earliest land patents around Geneva (1841) until the late 1930s", "id": "18651850" }, { "contents": "Florida's Hazelhurst terrace and shoreline\n\n\nthe mapping by the Florida Geological Survey's terraces and shorelines as a geological marker for marine presence. The Hazelhurst exists in many Florida panhandle counties west to east. What would be Gadsden and Liberty County, Florida in particular had a very large landmass not only created by rising and lowering sea levels, but from depositions from the Apalachicola River on Gadsden's west side. This high ground is within the Tifton/Tallahassee Uplands. Other counties with substantial landmass are Escambia (Perdido River), Santa Rosa (Black River),", "id": "3977543" }, { "contents": "Geography of Florida\n\n\nMuch of the state of Florida is situated on a peninsula between the Gulf of Mexico, the Atlantic Ocean, and the Straits of Florida. Spanning two time zones, it extends to the northwest into a panhandle along the northern Gulf of Mexico. It is bordered on the north by the states of Georgia and Alabama, and on the west, at the end of the panhandle, by Alabama. It is near The Bahamas and several Caribbean countries, particularly Cuba. Florida has 131 public airports, and more than 700 private", "id": "17334477" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 90\n\n\nEscambia bridge between Santa Rosa and Escambia counties. The highway's route continues to the north of I-10 as a two-lane highway through most of the sparsely-populated inland areas of the panhandle, becoming four lanes through and near several towns. In Gadsden County, US 90 cuts to the southeast toward downtown Tallahassee, where it passes the north entrance of Florida State University and expands to six lanes until its intersection with US 27. The portion of the highway that extends through Midway has been designated as the Alfred Lawson,", "id": "4020282" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\npanhandling from busy streets by encouraging citizens to donate money to not-for-profit shelters and food banks, rather than directly donating to panhandling persons. In 2012, Allegany County imposed narrow restrictions on panhandling, allowing only one day permit per person per year for roadside solicitations. Other areas of Maryland with similar permit provisions include Cecil, Frederick and Baltimore counties. In 2012, certain panhandling ordinances within Frederick County revived First Amendment debates after undercover police officers donated money to begging persons and subsequently arrested them on panhandling charges. Frederick", "id": "6576759" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\nmisdemeanour) could increase this penalty to a maximum fine of $500 and/or up to 6 months in jail. While the Tennessee Code is written in very broad and general terms, several city ordinances, most of which were enacted before the Tennessee Code, provide specific restraints on the actions of panhandlers. The Memphis Code of Ordinances contains a very lengthy and detailed section (§ 6-56) on panhandling. Under this section, panhandling is prohibited within a specified zone of Downtown Memphis and is generally prohibited between the hours of", "id": "6576834" }, { "contents": "Texas's 13th congressional district\n\n\nTexas District 13 of the United States House of Representatives is a Congressional District of the U.S. state of Texas that includes most of the Texas Panhandle, parts of Texoma and northeastern parts of North Texas. It winds across the Panhandle into the South Plains, then runs east across the Red River Valley. Covering over , it is the second-largest district geographically in Texas and larger in area than thirteen entire states. The principal cities in the district are Amarillo and Wichita Falls. The current Representative is Republican Mac Thornberry. According", "id": "3400568" }, { "contents": "Gulf Coastal Plain\n\n\nThe Gulf Coastal Plain extends around the Gulf of Mexico in the Southern United States and eastern Mexico. The plain reaches from the Florida Panhandle, southwest Georgia, the southern two-thirds of Alabama, over most of Mississippi, western Tennessee and Kentucky, into southern Illinois, the Missouri Bootheel, eastern and southern Arkansas, all of Louisiana, the southeast corner of Oklahoma, and easternmost Texas in the United States. It continues along the Gulf in northeastern and eastern Mexico, through Tamaulipas and Veracruz to Tabasco and the Yucatán Peninsula", "id": "14786658" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\nis the use of public or city owned space to sleep or to protect one's personal belongings. For example, the use of a tent underneath a bridge in order to serve as a living space is prohibited. Action towards panhandling has also been seen from the government. Many downtown cities around the United States have tried to combat panhandlers by prohibiting panhandling at certain locations as well as restricting the time periods that it is allowed. In Georgia, Atlanta was proactive with this idea by banning panhandling in what is known as the", "id": "6576710" }, { "contents": "Smooth softshell turtle\n\n\nThe smooth softshell turtle (\"Apalone mutica\") is a species of softshell turtle of the family Trionychidae. The species is endemic to North America. \"A. mutica\" is native to North America. It is distributed throughout the central and southcentral United States as its geographic range extends from western Pennsylvania to New Mexico and south to the Florida panhandle. Smooth softshells turtles inhabit the Mississippi River drainage from Louisiana up to North Dakota and Pennsylvania, as well as the Colorado, Brazos, Sabine, and Pearl, Alabama and Escambia", "id": "3718421" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\ncontrol of panhandling, there is a variety of methods used across the state depending on the issues in each city. Many cities such as Mobile, Alabama have introduced a set of ordinances to prohibit panhandling in the \"Downtown Visitors Domain\" area, as well regulations for panhandlers in the rest of the city including disallowing; panhandling at night, physical contact while panhandling, panhandling in groups, and approaching those in queues or traffic. These ordinances are an improvement on the previously vague prohibition of \"begging\". For those soliciting", "id": "6576626" }, { "contents": "Southeast Alaska\n\n\nSoutheast Alaska, colloquially referred to as the Alaska Panhandle or Alaskan Panhandle, is the southeastern portion of the U.S. state of Alaska, bordered to the east by the northern half of the Canadian province of British Columbia. The majority of Southeast Alaska's area is part of the Tongass National Forest, the United States' largest national forest. In many places, the international border runs along the crest of the Boundary Ranges of the Coast Mountains (see Alaska boundary dispute). The region is noted for its scenery and mild rainy", "id": "2599514" }, { "contents": "Panhandle hook\n\n\nA panhandle hook storm has its origins as a strong shortwave low pressure system which traverses the base of a long-wave low pressure trough while geographically coincident with the southwestern United States. Such systems ubiquitously develop a surface low-pressure system in the northwestern Texas and western Oklahoma area (as an eddy effect interaction of the topography of the Rocky Mountains in relation to the jet stream) with associated warm front and cold front, with attending snow to the northwest of the low and severe thunderstorms to the southeast -- the \"hook", "id": "11032666" }, { "contents": "Aggressive panhandling\n\n\nactivity as aggressive panhandling. In 1991 and 1992, federal courts overturned New York and California state laws that made aggressive panhandling illegal. It was observed that \"Groups and individuals all over the United States engage in highly public fundraising for all sorts of causes and charities.\" Restrictions defining solicitation or panhandling as aggressive regard both manner and context. A typical ordinance is one from Longview, Washington: 9.23.030 Place of panhandling – Violation. It shall be unlawful for any person to panhandle when the person solicited is in any of the", "id": "12928770" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\n\"tourist triangle\" in August 2005. Another ban prohibited panhandling within 15 feet of common public places such as ATM's and train stations. Violations are punished with either a fine or imprisonment. In 2012 the city of Atlanta created an anti-panhandling law which criminalizes aggressive panhandling. Aggressive panhandling is defined as any form of gestures or intense intervention for the sake of retrieving monetary substance. This includes blocking the path of a bystander, following a bystander, using harsh language directed at a bystander, or any other indications that", "id": "6576711" }, { "contents": "List of geographical regions in Texas\n\n\nTexas is the second-largest state in the United States, with an area of and a population of 27.47 million in 254 counties. This covers an area wide by long. Due to its location and size, it is a part of a large number of unique geological regions, including the piney woods of East Texas, the plains in the Panhandle, the mountains in far West Texas, and hundreds of miles of coastline. There are several different methods used to describe the geographic and geological differences within the state, and", "id": "8963969" }, { "contents": "Spanish language in the United States\n\n\n(both Americans and other immigrant Europeans). After the Mexican War of Independence from Spain, California, Nevada, Arizona, Utah, western Colorado and southwestern Wyoming also became part of the Mexican territory of Alta California. Most of New Mexico, western Texas, southern Colorado, southwestern Kansas, and the Oklahoma panhandle were part of the territory of Santa Fe de Nuevo México. The geographical isolation and unique political history of this territory led to New Mexican Spanish differing notably from both Spanish spoken in other parts of the United States", "id": "16767467" }, { "contents": "Florida Panhandle\n\n\n's total population as recorded in the same census. \"Emerald Coast\", a term coined in 1983, refers in general to the beaches and coastal resorts from Pensacola to Port St. Joe, but is sometimes used to refer, by extension, to the Panhandle as a whole, especially west of the Apalachicola. Earlier designations include \"Playground of the Gulfcoast\" and the \"Miracle Strip\", especially for the area between Fort Walton Beach and Panama City. Coastal regions of the following counties (if not the entirety of", "id": "21191641" }, { "contents": "Oklahoma Panhandle\n\n\nthe Panhandle traces its origins as being part of the Spanish New Spain empire. The Transcontinental Treaty (Adams–Onís Treaty) of 1819 between Spain and the United States set the western boundary of this portion of the Louisiana Purchase at the 100th meridian. With Mexican independence in 1821, these lands became part of Mexico. With the formation of the Texas Republic, they became part of Texas. When Texas joined the U.S. in 1846, the strip became part of the United States. The Cimarron Cutoff for the Santa Fe Trail", "id": "15853934" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\non panhandling and vending at all highway intersections was proposed in 2001, but was later revised to apply only to Charles County. In 2006, the Anne Arundel County Council enacted a ban on panhandling by children under 18 years old. In April 2007, the Maryland General Assembly passed a bill banning panhandling beside and on Anne Arundel County roadways, as well as prohibiting the display of political signs or advertising messages on any public roadways. The American Civil Liberties Union have consistently opposed solicitation bans, due to concerns that legislation may hinder", "id": "6576757" }, { "contents": "Connecticut panhandle\n\n\nThe Connecticut Panhandle is the southwestern appendage of Connecticut, where it abuts New York State. It is contained entirely in Fairfield County and includes all of Greenwich, Stamford, New Canaan, and Darien, as well as parts of Norwalk and Wilton. It has some of the most expensive residential real estate in the United States. The irregularity in the boundary is the result of territorial disputes in the late 17th century, culminating with New York giving up its claim to this area, whose residents considered themselves part of Connecticut. In", "id": "1465841" }, { "contents": "Gulf Coast of the United States\n\n\nrivers, the largest of which is the Mississippi River. Much of the land along the Gulf Coast is, or was, marshland. Ringing the Gulf Coast is the Gulf Coastal Plain which reaches from Southern Texas to the western Florida Panhandle while the western portions of the Gulf Coast are made up of many barrier islands and peninsulas, including the Padre Island and Galveston Island located in the U.S. State of Texas. These landforms protect numerous bays and inlets providing as a barrier to oncoming waves. The central part of the Gulf Coast", "id": "11618304" }, { "contents": "Tallahassee, Florida\n\n\nOceanic and Atmospheric Administration maintains a National Weather Service in Tallahassee. Their coverage-warning area includes the eastern Florida Panhandle and adjacent Gulf of Mexico waters, the north-central Florida peninsula, and parts of southeastern Alabama and southwestern Georgia. The United States Army Reserve 81st Regional Support Command (USAR) opened an Army Reserve Center at 4307 Jackson Bluff Road. The Naval and Marine Corps Reserve Center (NMCRC) is at 2910 Roberts Avenue host the United States Navy Reserve Navy Operational Support Center Tallahassee (NOSC Tallahassee) and the", "id": "12569798" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\ndonations for charitable organizations, a permit must be obtained for the fundraising operation to be exempt from panhandling ordinances. Panhandling in the Downtown Visitors Domain may result in fines and jail sentences for those involved. Another effort to limit panhandling in Mobile is an initiative using donation meters through which people can donate money to approved charities in attempts to resolve the necessity of panhandling by providing disadvantaged citizens with resources. This method attempts to lessen the recurring arrest and release of the publicly intoxicated, who are often homeless or vagrant and participate in panhandling", "id": "6576627" }, { "contents": "History of Pennsylvania\n\n\na new state constitution in 1790; the constitution replaced the executive council with a governor and a bicameral legislature. Pennsylvania's borders took definitive shape in the decades before and after the Revolutionary War. The Mason–Dixon line established the borders between Pennsylvania and Maryland, and was later extended to serve as the border between Pennsylvania and Virginia (except for what is now West Virginia's northern panhandle). Although some settlers proposed the creation of the state of Westsylvania in the area that now contains Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania retained control of the", "id": "8703019" }, { "contents": "Madison County, Florida\n\n\nMadison County is a county located in the state of Florida, in the center of its northern border with Georgia. As of the 2010 census, the population was 19,224. Its county seat is also called Madison. As of August 28, 2012, Madison became a wet county, meaning that voters had approved the legal sale, possession, or distribution of alcoholic beverages. Located in what is known as the Florida Panhandle, Madison County was created in 1827. It was named for James Madison, fourth President of the United", "id": "21742211" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\nKentucky Supreme Court. In contrast, the city of Ashland, Kentucky has not come under scrutiny as their ordinance is less comprehensive and therefore less likely to impede individuals rights. However, recently the ordinance was amended to further crack down on the act of panhandling, adding an amendment to stop panhandlers from walking out into traffic, in an attempt to keep both beggars and the public safe. Panhandling laws are often controversial as they are generally welcomed by the public, who can feel harassed. However, it is also argued that", "id": "6576745" }, { "contents": "Florida's 1st congressional district\n\n\n. The district is currently represented by Republican Matt Gaetz. The district encompasses the western part of the Florida Panhandle, in the extreme western portion of the state, stretching from Pensacola and the Alabama border east to include Walton, Holmes, and Washington counties. Most of the territory now in the 1st District had been the 3rd District from 1903 to 1963; however, it has been numbered as the 1st District since then. It cast aside its Democratic roots far sooner than most of the other areas of the state. It", "id": "18827098" }, { "contents": "Northwest Florida Water Management District\n\n\nThe Northwest Florida Water Management District (NWFWMD) stretches from the St. Marks River Basin in Jefferson County to the Perdido River in Escambia County. The District is one of five water management districts in Florida created by the Water Resources Act of 1972. The District has worked for decades to protect and manage water resources in a sustainable manner for the continued welfare of people and natural systems across its 16-county region. It serves Bay, Calhoun, Escambia, Franklin, Gadsden, Gulf, Holmes, Jackson, Leon, Liberty, Okaloosa", "id": "20958691" }, { "contents": "List of peninsulas\n\n\nof southern France. Scandinavia is a peninsula and along with other islands encompassing present-day Sweden, Norway, and part of Finland. Florida is a well-known example of a large peninsula, with its land area divided between the larger Florida peninsula and the smaller Florida panhandle on the north and west. It has several smaller peninsulas within it: Michigan – the only bi-peninsular state – is very distinguishable for its mitten-shaped Lower Peninsula of Michigan which includes: The rifle-shaped Upper Peninsula of Michigan contains", "id": "3528823" }, { "contents": "State of Mexico\n\n\nof Hidalgo, Guerrero and Morelos. These territorial separations have left the state with the size and shape it has today, with the Toluca Valley to the west of Mexico City and a panhandle that extends around the north and east of this entity. The state name is simply \"México\" according to the 1917 Constitution of the United Mexican States, but to distinguish it from both the city and the country it is most often called \"Estado de México\". The demonym used to refer to people and things from the state", "id": "5266359" }, { "contents": "Pensacola, Florida\n\n\nPensacola () is the westernmost city in the Florida Panhandle, approximately from the border with Alabama, and the county seat of Escambia County, in the U.S. state of Florida. As of the 2010 census, the city had a total population of 51,923, down from 56,255 at the 2000 census. Pensacola is the principal city of the Pensacola metropolitan area, which had an estimated 494,883 residents . Pensacola is the site of the first Spanish settlement within the borders of the continental United States in 1559, predating the establishment of St.", "id": "18287772" }, { "contents": "Exit poll\n\n\nstate. In the 2000 US presidential election it was alleged that media organizations released exit poll results for Florida before the polls closed in the Republican-leaning counties of the panhandle, as part of the westernmost area of the state is one hour behind the main peninsula. A study by economist John Lott found an \"unusual\" decline in Panhandle voter turnout compared to previous elections, and that the networks' early call of Florida for Democrat Al Gore may have depressed Republican turnout in other states where the polls remained open. Some", "id": "8813323" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\n. An important concern for those in Alabama's capital city, Montgomery, is those who travel from other cities to panhandle, with a police report from November 2016 showing that most panhandlers in the area had travelled to the city for the purposes of begging. In the city of Daphne, panhandling is prohibited within 25 feet of public roadways and violators are subject to fines, while the cities of Gardendale and Vestavia Hills prevent all forms of panhandling on private and public property. The city of Tuscaloosa prohibits all aggressive panhandling, as", "id": "6576628" }, { "contents": "Wiregrass Region\n\n\nThe Wiregrass Region—or Wiregrass Country—is an area of the Southern United States encompassing parts of southern Georgia, southeastern Alabama, and the Florida Panhandle. The region is named for the native \"Aristida stricta\", commonly known as wiregrass due to its texture. The region stretches approximately from just below Macon, Georgia and follows the Fall Line west to Montgomery, Alabama. From there it turns south and runs to approximately Washington County, Florida in the northern panhandle. From there it runs east, roughly making its southern", "id": "654692" }, { "contents": "Tropical Depression Six (1975)\n\n\ncurved northeastward on July 30 into Mississippi, shortly before degenerating into a remnant low pressure area. The remnants moved through northern Louisiana and Arkansas until dissipating on August 3. The tropical depression dropped heavy rainfall, with some areas of the Florida Panhandle experiencing more than of precipitation. Rainfall from the depression contributed significantly toward making it the wettest July in the Florida Panhandle since 1923. Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, and Walton counties were hardest hit by flooding. Numerous roads were flooded and closed, with $3.2 million (1975 USD)", "id": "8068348" }, { "contents": "Florida Panhandle\n\n\nhas never been a producer of citrus crops because the area is subject to regular frosts and freezes in wintertime, which destroy citrus fruits. The following institutions of higher learning are located in the Panhandle. State University System: Florida College System: Religiously affiliated: The politics of the Florida Panhandle vary considerably depending on location. The western Panhandle, particularly the Emerald Coast, was one of the earliest areas to shake off its Yellow Dog Democrat roots, and since the 1990s has become the Republican area of Florida. Pensacola, Fort", "id": "21191654" }, { "contents": "Cuphea aspera\n\n\nCuphea aspera is a species of flowering plant in the loosestrife family known by the common names tropical waxweed and Chapman's waxweed. It is endemic to Florida in the United States, where it is limited to Gulf and Franklin Counties on the central Florida Panhandle. It has likely been extirpated from Calhoun County. This perennial herb grows up to about 40 centimeters tall from a woody, branching rootstock. The stems are coated in white hairs and purplish glandular hairs. The oppositely arranged or whorled leaves are each up to 2.5 centimeters long", "id": "4965520" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\nasking for donations, as well as actions and behaviours requesting donations within a public space. The idea has been quite contentious. Some media reports reflect calls for increased enforcement of laws against panhandlers, and others report that the ban on panhandling in public spaces is against the civil liberties of individuals, and unconstitutional as it infringes on the First Amendment. In regards to the permit proposal, community opinion was split, with some calling strongly for the implementation of a $25 permit that would need to be carried by panhandlers. The", "id": "6576859" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\n), 2,817 are veterans, and an estimated 5,615 are individuals experiencing chronic homelessness. Panhandling and Begging For 2016, the US Census Bureau reported that there were 3,116,886 people in poverty in Florida, or 15.7% of the state's population. 22.8% of them are children. Begging and panhandling are often a consequence of pervasive poverty due to the need to source money. When focusing on the laws against begging and panhandling it is important to begin with the fact that people become beggars and panhandlers for various reasons. They could", "id": "6576695" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\n7pm and 8am. Similar to the Nashville ordinance, the Memphis ordinance also expressly states areas where panhandling is prohibited including, but not limited to, within 25-feet of any religious assembly, within 50-feet of any entrance or exit from a bank/ATM machine and in any public transportation vehicle. In October 2016, the Memphis City Council voted to extend the ban on panhandling to between 5pm and 10am and to also extend the areas that panhandling is prohibited. Councillor Philip Spinosa Jr. declared that this extension entirely relates", "id": "6576835" }, { "contents": "Border irregularities of the United States\n\n\nBorder irregularities of the United States, particularly panhandles and highway incursions into other jurisdictions, are shown here. Often they are a result of borders which do not conform to geological features. There are several exclaves between the United States and Canada, including the entire state of Alaska (though the state can still be accessed by sea from the United States, except the small settlement Hyder which is only accessible by road from British Columbia). Other exclaves include Akwesasne, the Northwest Angle, and Point Roberts. The status of the", "id": "10873309" } ]

[ { "contents": "Salient (geography)\n\n\nA salient is an elongated protrusion of a geopolitical entity, such as a subnational entity or a sovereign state. While similar to a peninsula in shape, a salient is not surrounded by water on three sides. Instead, it has a land border on at least two sides and extends out from the larger geographical body of the administrative unit. In American English the term panhandle is often used to describe a relatively long and narrow salient, such as the westernmost extension of Oklahoma. Less common descriptors include chimney (if protruding northward", "id": "15451396" }, { "contents": "Salient (geography)\n\n\ninto account other considerations such as economic ties or topography. The following locations are salients in of nations. This definition includes the following counties: Bay, Calhoun, Escambia, Franklin, Gadsden, Gulf, Holmes, Jackson, Jefferson, Leon, Liberty, Madison, Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, Taylor, Wakulla, Walton, and Washington. Many people in the Pacific Northwest refer to the extreme northern section of Idaho's panhandle as \"The Chimney\", due to its resemblance to a chimney when viewed on maps. Although", "id": "15451398" }, { "contents": "Salient (geography)\n\n\n, as a chimney does from a roof, as with the northernmost extremity of West Virginia) and bootheel (if protruding southward, as the heel underneath a boot, such as the Missouri Bootheel). The term \"salient\" is derived from military salients. The term \"panhandle\" derives from the analogous part of a cooking pan, and its use is generally confined to the United States. The salient shape can be the result of arbitrarily drawn international or subnational boundaries, though the location of administrative borders can also take", "id": "15451397" }, { "contents": "Florida Panhandle\n\n\nThe Florida Panhandle (also West Florida and Northwest Florida) is the northwestern part of the U.S. state of Florida, is a strip of land roughly long and wide, lying between Alabama on the north and the west, Georgia on the north, and the Gulf of Mexico to the south. Its eastern boundary is arbitrarily defined. As is the case with the other eight U.S. states that have panhandles, the geographic meaning of the term is inexact and elastic. References to the Florida Panhandle always include the ten counties west of", "id": "21191638" }, { "contents": "Nebraska Panhandle\n\n\nThe Nebraska Panhandle is an area in the western part of the state of Nebraska and one of several U.S. state panhandles, or elongated geographical regions that extend from their main political entity. The Nebraska panhandle is two-thirds as broad as the rest of the state. It is approximately east to west and north to south. The Nebraska panhandle roughly encompasses the area in Nebraska between 102° and 104°W longitude and 41° and 43°N latitude. It comprises 11 counties with a combined land area of , or", "id": "19061706" }, { "contents": "Eastern Panhandle of West Virginia\n\n\nThe Eastern Panhandle is the eastern of the two panhandles in the U.S. state of West Virginia. It is a small stretch of territory in the northeast of the state, bordering Maryland and Virginia. Some sources and regional associations only identify the Eastern Panhandle as being composed of Morgan, Berkeley, and Jefferson Counties. Berkeley and Jefferson Counties are geographically located in the Shenandoah Valley. West Virginia is unusual in having two panhandles, the Eastern Panhandle and the Northern Panhandle. Berkeley, Hampshire, Hardy, Jefferson, and Morgan counties were", "id": "19061660" }, { "contents": "Salient (geography)\n\n\nUtah, like Nebraska, has a protrusion from its otherwise straight border, it is not usually considered a panhandle, as half of the Salt Lake City metropolitan area, the most populous region in the state and the home of the state's capital, is located in the region. Likewise, though New York has a southern protrusion that is more conspicuous than e.g. the Connecticut, Texas and Nebraska Panhandles, this is never considered a panhandle since it accommodates the most densely populated parts of the state. (In New York's", "id": "15451399" }, { "contents": "Escambia County, Florida\n\n\nmodern state boundaries. The Suwannee River was the border between them, which follows a winding path from the northern border of the state to the Gulf of Mexico. Essentially, the Escambia county government had jurisdiction over the \"panhandle\" and \"big bend\" areas and St. Johns over the remainder of the entire state. As population increased in the frontier territory, 21 counties were later organized from Escambia county directly or indirectly. They include Jackson (1821), Gadsden (created from Jackson)(1823), Leon (1824),", "id": "21309649" }, { "contents": "Escambia County, Florida\n\n\nWalton (1824), Washington (created from Jackson and Walton)(1825), Hamilton (1827), Jefferson (1827), Madison (created from Jefferson) (1827), Franklin (1832), Calhoun (1838), Santa Rosa (1842), Wakulla (created from Leon) (1843), Holmes (created from Jackson and Walton) (1848), Liberty (created from Gadsden) (1855), Lafayette and Taylor (created from Madison) (1856), Bay (created from Washington)", "id": "21309650" }, { "contents": "Panhandle, Texas\n\n\nPanhandle is the county seat of Carson County, Texas, United States. The population of the town was 2,452 at the 2010 census. Panhandle is part of the Amarillo metropolitan statistical area. Panhandle derives its name from its central location in the Texas Panhandle. Originally named \"Carson City\", it was later changed to \"Panhandle City\". In 1887, Panhandle obtained a post office, and in 1888 the town was planned as the terminus of the Panhandle and Santa Fe Railway. At that time the town was surrounded", "id": "10105425" }, { "contents": "Oklahoma Panhandle\n\n\nThe Oklahoma Panhandle is the extreme northwestern region of the U.S. state of Oklahoma, consisting of Cimarron County, Texas County and Beaver County, from west to east. As with other salients in the United States, its name comes from the similarity of its shape to the handle of a pan. The three-county Oklahoma Panhandle region had a population of 28,751 at the 2010 U.S. Census, representing 0.77% of the state's population. This is a decrease in total population of 1.2%, a loss of 361 people,", "id": "15853929" }, { "contents": "Marti Coley\n\n\nhusband to Marianna in 1985. Coley then began teaching at Malone High School, where she worked until 1989, at which point she joined the faculty of Chipola College. When her husband, State Representative David A. Coley, died, Marti Coley ran to succeed him in 2005 in the 7th District, which was based in the Florida Panhandle and included parts of Bay, Calhoun, Gadsden, Jackson, Leon, Liberty, Okaloosa, Wakulla, and Washington Counties. In a special election on June 14, 2005, Coley defeated", "id": "14735469" }, { "contents": "Alaska Peninsula\n\n\nThe Alaska Peninsula (also called Aleut Peninsula or Aleutian Peninsula) is a peninsula extending about to the southwest from the mainland of Alaska and ending in the Aleutian Islands. The peninsula separates the Pacific Ocean from Bristol Bay, an arm of the Bering Sea. In literature (especially Russian) the term ‘Alaska Peninsula’ was used to denote the entire northwestern protrusion of the North American continent, or all of what is now the state of Alaska, exclusive of its panhandle and islands. The Lake and Peninsula borough, the", "id": "10955928" }, { "contents": "Florida's 1st congressional district\n\n\nFlorida's 1st congressional district is a congressional district in the U.S. state of Florida, covering the state's western Panhandle. It includes all of Escambia, Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, and Walton counties and portions of Holmes county. The district is anchored in Pensacola and also includes the large military bedroom communities and tourist destinations of Navarre and Fort Walton Beach and stretches along the Emerald Coast. The district, as ranked by the Cook Partisan Voting Index, is the most Republican district in Florida and the 15th most in the United States", "id": "18827097" }, { "contents": "Florida Panhandle\n\n\nBay, fed by Econfina Creek. Pensacola Bay, a deepwater port, is formed by the joining of Escambia and East bays. The Gulf Intracoastal Waterway, completed in 1949, traverses the lower Panhandle by means of bays, lagoons, sounds, and man-made canals. The barrier islands of Perdido Key and Santa Rosa Island extend from the Pandhandle's western extremity to Fort Walton Beach. Interstate 10 is the only interstate highway in the Panhandle, connecting the extreme west with North Florida and Jacksonville. Other older east–", "id": "21191645" }, { "contents": "Pensacola Bay\n\n\nPensacola Bay is a bay located in the northwestern part of Florida, United States, known as the Florida Panhandle. The bay, an inlet of the Gulf of Mexico, is located in Escambia County and Santa Rosa County, adjacent to the city of Pensacola, Florida, and is about 13 miles (21 km) long and 2.5 miles (4 km) wide. The Pensacola Bay estuarine system including Escambia Bay, Pensacola Bay, Blackwater Bay, East Bay, and Santa Rosa Sound, and four rivers—the Escambia", "id": "13261668" }, { "contents": "Texas Panhandle\n\n\nThe Texas Panhandle is a region of the U.S. state of Texas consisting of the northernmost 26 counties in the state. The panhandle is a rectangular area bordered by New Mexico to the west and Oklahoma to the north and east. \"The Handbook of Texas\" defines the southern border of Swisher County as the southern boundary of the Texas Panhandle region. Its land area is , or nearly 10% of the state's total. The Texas Panhandle is slightly larger in size than the US state of West Virginia. An additional are", "id": "13769746" }, { "contents": "Effects of Hurricane Katrina in Florida\n\n\ncontrol facilities, public buildings, and recreation areas. The declaration was determined after the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) sent 20 State Emergency Response Teams to determine the extent of damage. After Hurricane Katrina struck the Gulf Coast, President Bush declared a disaster area for seven counties along the Florida panhandle on September 6; the counties were Bay, Escambia, Franklin, Gulf, Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, and Walton. In addition, Collier County in southwestern Florida was added to the list of disaster areas. In the two", "id": "12360696" }, { "contents": "Eastern Panhandle of West Virginia\n\n\n). Berkeley also includes the Panhandle's largest city, Martinsburg, with a 2010 census population of 17,227. The Eastern Panhandle is West Virginia's fastest-growing region in terms of population and housing. In July 2005, the United States Census Bureau released a list of the top 100 counties according to housing growth. Berkeley County grew 3.95 percent, from 36,365 housing units in 2003 to 37,802 units in 2004. That growth rate was 86th in the nation among the 3,143 United States counties. Jefferson County was not far behind", "id": "19061664" }, { "contents": "Florida Panhandle\n\n\naquarium in Fort Walton Beach, and the former Miracle Strip Amusement Park (1963–2004) in Panama City Beach. In 1971, the federal government acquired many acres of the coastal islands in Escambia, Santa Rosa, and Okaloosa counties, preserving them from commercial development by establishing the Gulf Islands National Seashore, which also covers some islands off the Mississippi coast. Other beach areas protected by the state of Florida include Both state and federal parks offer facilities for camping, picnicking, and other recreational pursuits. In addition, some parts of", "id": "21191659" }, { "contents": "Florida Panhandle\n\n\nthe Apalachicola River, a natural geographic boundary, which was the historic dividing line between the British colonies of West Florida and East Florida. These western counties also lie in the Central Time Zone (with the exception of Gulf County, which is divided between the Eastern and Central Time zones), while the rest of the state is in the Eastern Time Zone. References to the Panhandle \"may\" also include some or all of eight counties immediately east of the Apalachicola known as the Big Bend region, along the curve of", "id": "21191639" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\nand discourage panhandlers throughout the city, especially under unlawful circumstances including panhandling using children, aggression, false information and panhandling while loitering as prohibited by City Ordinances. Within the city of Opelika it is considered a misdemeanour to present false or misleading information while panhandling, and there are requirements for panhandlers to possess a panhandling permit. Threatening behaviours towards those solicited to are also considered misdemeanours and include; being too close, blocking the path of those approached, or panhandling in groups of two or more persons. Those previously charged with these", "id": "6576630" }, { "contents": "Effects of Hurricane Dennis in Florida\n\n\nwere directly killed while several others were killed indirectly, and total damage amounted to $1.5 billion (2005 USD). Directly after the storm, Bay, Dixie, Franklin, Gulf, Taylor, Wakulla and Walton counties were declared federal disaster areas. In the aftermath of the hurricane, president George W. Bush declared 13 counties–Bay, Calhoun, Escambia, Franklin, Gulf, Holmes, Jackson, Monroe, Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, Wakulla, Walton and Washington– in Florida as federal disaster areas. Applicants, including", "id": "8987936" }, { "contents": "Blackwater River (Florida)\n\n\nThe Blackwater River of Florida is a river rising in southern Alabama and flowing through the Florida Panhandle to the Gulf of Mexico. The river enters Florida in Okaloosa County and flows through Santa Rosa County to Blackwater Bay, an arm of Pensacola Bay. The river passes through Blackwater River State Forest and Blackwater River State Park. Milton, the county seat of Santa Rosa County, is located on the river. The Blackwater's sandy bottom, white beaches and large sandbars contrast with the dark tannic water that gives the river its name", "id": "15426373" }, { "contents": "Effects of Hurricane Dennis in Florida\n\n\nAlong the coast, severe beach erosion occurred as a result of the storm, mostly in Walton, Bay, Gulf, Franklin and Wakulla counties. As a result of the pounding surf, the Navarre pier was ripped apart in two places. Milton received of rain, which is the highest reported rainfall total in Florida caused by Dennis. Rainfall across the Florida Panhandle ranged from to , while rainfall across the central and southern portions of the state ranged from to near Tampa. In southern Leon County, flooding was reported with several", "id": "8987934" }, { "contents": "Florida Panhandle\n\n\n\". The \"Forgotten Coast\" is a trademarked term coined in the early 1990s used to refer to the coastal portion of the Florida Panhandle extending from Mexico Beach or southeastern Bay County on the Gulf of Mexico to St. Marks on Apalachee Bay. It is usually not considered a part of the Emerald Coast, which lies directly adjacent to the west. Coastal regions of the following counties (if not the entirety of the counties themselves) are usually included when referring to the Forgotten Coast: The Apalachicola River is the largest river", "id": "21191643" }, { "contents": "St. George Island (Florida)\n\n\nSt. George Island is an island off the Florida Panhandle in the northern Gulf of Mexico. It is in Franklin County, Florida, United States. St. George is a barrier island long and wide at its widest point. St. George Island is adjacent to Cape St. George Island, also known as Little St. George Island. It is connected to the mainland at Eastpoint, Florida by the long St. George Island Bridge over Apalachicola Bay. Nearby towns include Eastpoint, Carrabelle, and Apalachicola. St. George Island is informally divided into three", "id": "6700365" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\naggressive manner is illegal. Section 14-74 defines 'aggressive' as to include causing fear, following, touching, blocking or using threatening gestures in the process of panhandling. This carries a $25 fine and may include a term of imprisonment. While many laws targeting homeless populations are not new, there has been a shift in their focus. Prohibitions, including loitering and sleeping outdoors, have expanded to include strict panhandling restraints. These do not necessarily include complete bans, but can cover when, where and how panhandling", "id": "6576714" }, { "contents": "Texas Panhandle\n\n\nwas under 18 years of age. The 26 northernmost counties that make up the Texas Panhandle include: Major cities of the Texas Panhandle with populations greater than 10,000 include: Some of the smaller towns with populations less than 10,000 include: Much like the rest of West Texas and the Oklahoma Panhandle, the region is very politically and socially conservative. Following the pattern of other larger cities, Amarillo has the largest liberal population in the Panhandle. It was one of the first regions of the state to break away from its Democratic roots", "id": "13769752" }, { "contents": "Tropical Storm Barry (2001)\n\n\nwere issued for parts of Leon and Wakulla counties, while a flash flood watch was in effect for parts of southern Georgia. A tornado watch was issued for the eastern Florida Panhandle, southern Georgia, as well as portions of central and eastern Alabama. As Barry approached the Florida Panhandle, voluntary evacuations took place in eight counties. Shelters opened in six counties, though most were placed on standby. In parts of Franklin County, mandatory evacuations were ordered, and in Okaloosa County, tolls on the Mid-Bay Bridge were", "id": "11208828" }, { "contents": "Northern Panhandle of West Virginia\n\n\nby compromise in the 1780s. Today, due to the southern boundary being an extension of the Mason–Dixon line and the panhandle's proximity to the Pittsburgh area, the Northern Panhandle resembles more of the Midwestern United States or the Northeastern United States compared to the rest of the state (including the Eastern Panhandle of West Virginia), which is classified as part of the Upland South. In 2013, its northernmost two counties were included in the Pittsburgh consolidated area by the U.S. Census. The region has a total combined population", "id": "7663098" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\nmoney is not illegal and in fact, is protected by the Jackson city ordinance that prohibits panhandling. Similar legislation that prohibits begging is also in place in Mississippi's second largest city, Gulfport. In July 2012, Jackson City Councilman Quentin Whitwell proposed tripling existing fines and implementing longer jail sentences for panhandling in response to heightened community concern about aggressive panhandlers and an escalating panhandling \"epidemic\". However, this proposal was later rejected by the Jackson City Council amidst concerns from the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) of Mississippi that", "id": "6576794" }, { "contents": "Escambia Bay\n\n\nEscambia Bay is a bay located in Escambia and Santa Rosa counties, in the far western Florida Panhandle. The city of Pensacola is located on the western side, and the town of Milton is located on the northeastern end of the two-pronged bay. Both places are the county seats of the respective counties. Unusually, Escambia Bay is connected to open waters via Pensacola Bay to its southeast. It is fed primarily by the Escambia River. National Airlines Flight 193, a Boeing 727, crashed into Escambia Bay during a", "id": "13321403" }, { "contents": "West Virginia\n\n\nacross the border from the Pittsburgh metropolitan area, while Bluefield is less than from North Carolina. Huntington in the southwest is close to the states of Ohio and Kentucky, while Martinsburg and Harpers Ferry in the Eastern Panhandle region are considered part of the Washington metropolitan area, in between the states of Maryland and Virginia. The unique position of West Virginia means that it is often included in several geographical regions, including the Mid-Atlantic, the Upland South, and the Southeastern United States. It is the only state that is", "id": "14465678" }, { "contents": "George Gainer\n\n\nGeorge Gainer is an American politician who has served as a Republican member of the Florida Senate since 2016. He represents the 2nd district, encompassing Bay, Holmes, Jackson, Walton, Washington, and part of Okaloosa Counties, in the Florida Panhandle. He previously served as a Bay County commissioner, representing Tyndall AFB and other parts of southern Bay County, from 1968 to 1972 and 2002 to 2016. Gainer was born in Jackson County and attended Gulf Coast Community College. His career in the automobile business began in 1966 and", "id": "9161182" }, { "contents": "Northern Panhandle of West Virginia\n\n\nThe Northern Panhandle is the northern of the two panhandles in the U.S. state of West Virginia. It is a culturally and geographically distinct region of the state. It is the state's northernmost extension, bounded by Ohio and the Ohio River on the north and west and the state of Pennsylvania on the east. Its unusual configuration is the result of the Revolutionary-era claims of Virginia's former Yohogania County boundary lying along the Ohio River, conflicting with interpretations of the Colony of Pennsylvania's royal charter. The conflict was settled", "id": "7663097" }, { "contents": "Florida State Road 4\n\n\nState Road 4 (SR 4) is a two-lane state highway in Escambia, Santa Rosa, and Okaloosa counties in the western corner of the Florida Panhandle. It is signed east–west, but the road is slightly diagonal. The road runs from Century near the Alabama state line at an intersection with U.S. Highway 29 (US 29), to the farming community of Milligan at an intersection with US 90. The road cuts through the Blackwater River State Forest. It crosses the Escambia River, West Fork Big", "id": "16368801" }, { "contents": "Florida Panhandle\n\n\nWalton Beach, Destin and Panama City regularly give Republicans close to or over 70% margins in state and national elections. However, Tallahassee and Gadsden County tend to be strongly Democratic. In the 2008 Presidential election, John McCain received 421,287 votes (60.1%) in the Panhandle, while Barack Obama received 279,206 votes (39.9%). The following counties west of the Apalachicola River are \"always\" included in references to the Panhandle: Some or all of the following counties east of the Apalachicola, in the Big Bend", "id": "21191655" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\nmethods to stop panhandling. This has been developed in the mode of a myriad of pamphlets regarding available services for the homeless which can be printed off and distributed by businesses when they encounter persons panhandling or begging. Such services often report back to the Homeless Outreach Team in an attempt to reduce the prevalence of homelessness in the long-term. Persons encountering panhandlers and beggars in Kansas, if unable to politely refuse, are encouraged to contact 911. Many city and counties within the United States have enacted ordinances to limit or ban", "id": "6576742" }, { "contents": "1975 Atlantic hurricane season\n\n\neastern Louisiana. Once inland, the depression slowly weakened and re-curved northwestward on July 30 into Mississippi. Around that time, the depression dissipated. The remnants persisted at least until August 3, at which time it was situated over Arkansas. The tropical depression dropped heavy rainfall, with some areas of the Florida Panhandle experiencing more than of precipitation, with a maximum total of observed in DeFuniak Springs. Bay, Gulf, Holmes, Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, Wakulla, and Walton were hardest hit. Numerous roads were flooded", "id": "5467703" }, { "contents": "Franklin County, Florida\n\n\nFranklin County includes part of Tate's Hell State Forest. Bald Point State Park is nearby. The county's river's include the Carrabelle River and its tributaries the New River (Florida Panhandle) and Crooked River (Florida), visited by paddlers. The extreme eastern tip of the county is bordered by the Ochlockonee River. Also, St. James Island, while part of the mainland, is technically an island, being separated from the rest of Franklin County by rivers and an estuary. As of the census of 2000,", "id": "21309702" }, { "contents": "Euphorbia telephioides\n\n\nEuphorbia telephioides is a rare species of euphorb known by the common name Telephus spurge. It is endemic to Florida in the United States, where it is known only from three counties in the Panhandle. It is a federally listed threatened species of the United States. This spurge grows in coastal areas in Bay, Gulf, and Franklin Counties in Florida. It is present at about 38 known locations, with some locations newly discovered and some recently extirpated. The habitat is scrub and forest where it often grows alongside slash (\"", "id": "18648849" }, { "contents": "Choctawhatchee Bay\n\n\nChoctawhatchee Bay is a bay in the Emerald Coast region of the Florida Panhandle. The bay, located within Okaloosa and Walton counties, has a surface area of 129 mi (334 km). It is an inlet of the Gulf of Mexico, connected to it through East Pass (also known as Destin Pass). It also connects to Santa Rosa Sound in Fort Walton Beach, Florida to the west and to St. Andrews Bay in Bay County to the east, via the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway. East Pass is the only", "id": "12922504" }, { "contents": "Florida Panhandle\n\n\nApalachee Bay. Like North Central Florida, the Panhandle is more similar in culture and climate to the Deep South than to South Florida in the lower peninsula, being known for its conservative politics and \"piney woods.\" The largest city in the Panhandle is Tallahassee, the state capital, population 188,107 (2014). However, the largest population grouping is the Pensacola Metropolitan Area with a population of 474,081. The total population of the Panhandle, as of the 2010 Census, was 1,407,925, just under 7.5% of Florida", "id": "21191640" }, { "contents": "Aggressive panhandling\n\n\nsuch as near automated teller machines, in a restroom or near your car. This is considered aggressive panhandling and in Indiana it is against the law.\" Constitutional lawyers, including but not limited to the American Civil Liberties Union, have secured a series of court decisions confirming their view that the First Amendment of the United States Constitution protects activities which some local ordinances have attempted to proscribe as illegal panhandling. In response, many jurisdictions have responded by narrowing the definition of illegal panhandling. The generally accepted terminology is to denominate such", "id": "12928769" }, { "contents": "Effects of Hurricane Katrina in Florida\n\n\n. Winds along the Florida panhandle peaked at in Pensacola, with gusts to . High winds briefly closed the Interstate 10 bridge over Escambia Bay in Pensacola. The outer rainbands of the hurricane spawned five tornadoes, all of them weak and not very damaging. Rainfall along the panhandle reached in Philpot, which caused flooding. The winds caused damage to some trees and structures and there was some minor flooding in the panhandle. There were two indirect fatalities from Katrina in Walton County as a result of a traffic accident. Along the Florida", "id": "12360694" }, { "contents": "Florida Conference of Seventh-day Adventists\n\n\nFlorida Conference of Seventh-day Adventists is the organizational body of the Seventh-day Adventist Church for the state of Florida, United States. It is based in Altamonte Springs, Florida. In Spring 2014, the organization relocated from Winter Park, Florida. It is a subdivision of the Southern Union, which in turn is part of the North American Division, one of the 13 worldwide organizational Divisions of the Church. Its territory includes all of the State of Florida except the 10 westernmost panhandle counties: Bay, Calhoun,", "id": "2449992" }, { "contents": "Western short grasslands\n\n\nThe Western short grasslands is a temperate grassland ecoregion of the United States. This ecoregion largely corresponds with the geographical region known as the High Plains. It is located in eastern, northern, and central Montana, eastern Wyoming, western Nebraska (the Nebraska Panhandle), eastern Colorado, western Kansas, western Oklahoma (the Oklahoma Panhandle), eastern New Mexico, the Texas Panhandle and parts of west-central Texas and a very small portion of southwestern South Dakota. The Western short grasslands are characterised by a semi-arid", "id": "11982310" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\nDepartment in Virginia reportedly discouraged citizens from giving to panhandlers in the area, in that \"there's no telling what the cash will be used for\". While many are discouraging giving to panhandlers on motorways due to the context of 'risk', they also appear to portray an underlining negative bias and view of illegitimacy toward people who engage in panhandling. As police in some counties cannot directly arrest someone for begging, the Arlington Police Department note that they do arrest panhandlers for other offences for jaywalking and other traffic related", "id": "6576861" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\nother particular forms of panhandling including asking for money within 15 feet of an ATM or other location where money is dispensed, following someone to ask them for money, panhandling on private property such as going to someone's front door and asking for money, and panhandling in street traffic. The American Civil Liberties Union has raised numerous concerns over Omaha's previous and current panhandling ordinance as it was a violation of the First Amendment and entered negotiations with the City Attorney's Office about their unconstitutional ordinances. The City Council however did not", "id": "6576802" }, { "contents": "History of Pensacola, Florida\n\n\nPensacola and west from Saint Augustine. The riders met at the Indian village of Tallahassee, which was designated as the new territorial capital city. With the development of large cotton plantations, Florida's growing population was 50% enslaved African Americans. In the Panhandle, most slaves outside Pensacola were held by people in Tallahassee and in the plantation counties near the Georgia border, notably Jackson, Gadsden, Leon, and Jefferson. Near the coast, the soil had more sand and was less useful for plantation agriculture. On March 3", "id": "2371441" }, { "contents": "Macbridea alba\n\n\nMacbridea alba is a rare species of flowering plant in the mint family known by the common name white birds-in-a-nest. It is endemic to Florida in the United States, where it is found in four counties in the Florida Panhandle. It is threatened by the loss and degradation of its habitat, and it is federally listed as a threatened species of the United States. This plant grows in the counties of Gulf, Liberty, Franklin and Bay in Florida. There are just under 10,000 individuals in total", "id": "13276590" }, { "contents": "Idaho Panhandle\n\n\nThe Idaho Panhandle—locally known as North Idaho—is a region in the U.S. state of Idaho encompassing the state's 10 northernmost counties: Benewah, Bonner, Boundary, Clearwater, Idaho, Kootenai, Latah, Lewis, Nez Perce, and Shoshone (though the southern part of the region is sometimes referred to as North Central Idaho). The Panhandle is bordered by the state of Washington to the west, Montana to the east, and the Canadian province of British Columbia to the north. The Idaho panhandle, along", "id": "7517710" }, { "contents": "Florida Panhandle\n\n\nof fine quartz eroded from granite in the Appalachian Mountains. The sand is carried seaward by rivers and creeks and deposited by currents along the shore. The beach towns in the Panhandle, many of which play host to college students during spring break, are sometimes derisively called \"the Redneck Riviera\". The term was used as the title of a song by country music artist Tom T. Hall on his 1996 album \"Songs from Sopchoppy\". The album takes its name from a town in rural Wakulla County, near Tallahassee.", "id": "21191657" }, { "contents": "Liatris provincialis\n\n\nLiatris provincialis is a species of flowering plant in the aster family known by the common names Godfrey's blazing star and Godfrey's gayflower. It is endemic to Florida in the United States, where it is limited to Wakulla and Franklin Counties in the Panhandle. This perennial herb grows from a corm and reaches up to 90 centimeters tall. The leaves are linear to lance-shaped and up to 15 centimeters long near the base of the stem, becoming much smaller and narrower farther up the stem. The flower heads are arranged", "id": "8746836" }, { "contents": "1995 Atlantic hurricane season\n\n\nsevere damage in the panhandle. From Wakulla County westward, many structures including homes and buildings were swept away or suffered some degree of damage. In Escambia, Okaloosa, and Santa Rosa counties, nearly 300 homes were destroyed and 1,000 others suffered major damage. The storm left at least $2.1 billion in damage in Florida. In Alabama, storm surge ranging from left significant damage in coastal counties. Inland, tropical storm force winds gusts were observed as far north as Huntsville. Numerous trees and power lines were downed in several", "id": "18736850" }, { "contents": "Doug Broxson\n\n\nDouglas Vaughn \"Doug\" Broxson (born March 10, 1949) is an American politician who is a Republican member of the Florida Senate, representing the 1st district, which includes Escambia, Santa Rosa, and part of Okaloosa Counties in the Florida Panhandle, since 2016. He previously served in the Florida House of Representatives, representing northern Okaloosa County and Santa Rosa County from 2010 to 2016. On March 3, 2018, Broxson rejected a two-year moratorium on the sale of AR-15s. Broxson was born in Pensacola.", "id": "8705642" }, { "contents": "Galilee Panhandle\n\n\nThe Galilee Panhandle (, \"Etzba HaGalil\" (lit. \"Finger of the Galilee\"), is an elongated geopolitical area or \"panhandle\" in northern Israel comprising the northernmost section of the Upper Galilee held by Israel, and the northern Jordan Rift Valley. The Galilee Panhandle incorporates five municipal authorities. Towns in the Galilee Panhandle include Metula and Kiryat Shmona. The Galilee Panhandle is a narrow strip of land running from the Israel-Lebanon border in the far north to an imaginary line above the Hula Valley in the", "id": "15996103" }, { "contents": "Choctawhatchee River\n\n\nfigure in the Florida Panhandle and was highly respected by whites. Following the United States' acquisition of this territory in 1821 from Spain, European Americans entered the panhandle in greater numbers, encroaching on Euchee and Creek territory. In 1814 Andrew Jackson built a stockade called the \"Block House\" at the confluence of the East and West forks of the Chocktawhatchee, near Newton. European-American settlers also used the river in their time, from the years of the earliest land patents around Geneva (1841) until the late 1930s", "id": "18651850" }, { "contents": "Florida's Hazelhurst terrace and shoreline\n\n\nthe mapping by the Florida Geological Survey's terraces and shorelines as a geological marker for marine presence. The Hazelhurst exists in many Florida panhandle counties west to east. What would be Gadsden and Liberty County, Florida in particular had a very large landmass not only created by rising and lowering sea levels, but from depositions from the Apalachicola River on Gadsden's west side. This high ground is within the Tifton/Tallahassee Uplands. Other counties with substantial landmass are Escambia (Perdido River), Santa Rosa (Black River),", "id": "3977543" }, { "contents": "Geography of Florida\n\n\nMuch of the state of Florida is situated on a peninsula between the Gulf of Mexico, the Atlantic Ocean, and the Straits of Florida. Spanning two time zones, it extends to the northwest into a panhandle along the northern Gulf of Mexico. It is bordered on the north by the states of Georgia and Alabama, and on the west, at the end of the panhandle, by Alabama. It is near The Bahamas and several Caribbean countries, particularly Cuba. Florida has 131 public airports, and more than 700 private", "id": "17334477" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 90\n\n\nEscambia bridge between Santa Rosa and Escambia counties. The highway's route continues to the north of I-10 as a two-lane highway through most of the sparsely-populated inland areas of the panhandle, becoming four lanes through and near several towns. In Gadsden County, US 90 cuts to the southeast toward downtown Tallahassee, where it passes the north entrance of Florida State University and expands to six lanes until its intersection with US 27. The portion of the highway that extends through Midway has been designated as the Alfred Lawson,", "id": "4020282" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\npanhandling from busy streets by encouraging citizens to donate money to not-for-profit shelters and food banks, rather than directly donating to panhandling persons. In 2012, Allegany County imposed narrow restrictions on panhandling, allowing only one day permit per person per year for roadside solicitations. Other areas of Maryland with similar permit provisions include Cecil, Frederick and Baltimore counties. In 2012, certain panhandling ordinances within Frederick County revived First Amendment debates after undercover police officers donated money to begging persons and subsequently arrested them on panhandling charges. Frederick", "id": "6576759" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\nmisdemeanour) could increase this penalty to a maximum fine of $500 and/or up to 6 months in jail. While the Tennessee Code is written in very broad and general terms, several city ordinances, most of which were enacted before the Tennessee Code, provide specific restraints on the actions of panhandlers. The Memphis Code of Ordinances contains a very lengthy and detailed section (§ 6-56) on panhandling. Under this section, panhandling is prohibited within a specified zone of Downtown Memphis and is generally prohibited between the hours of", "id": "6576834" }, { "contents": "Texas's 13th congressional district\n\n\nTexas District 13 of the United States House of Representatives is a Congressional District of the U.S. state of Texas that includes most of the Texas Panhandle, parts of Texoma and northeastern parts of North Texas. It winds across the Panhandle into the South Plains, then runs east across the Red River Valley. Covering over , it is the second-largest district geographically in Texas and larger in area than thirteen entire states. The principal cities in the district are Amarillo and Wichita Falls. The current Representative is Republican Mac Thornberry. According", "id": "3400568" }, { "contents": "Gulf Coastal Plain\n\n\nThe Gulf Coastal Plain extends around the Gulf of Mexico in the Southern United States and eastern Mexico. The plain reaches from the Florida Panhandle, southwest Georgia, the southern two-thirds of Alabama, over most of Mississippi, western Tennessee and Kentucky, into southern Illinois, the Missouri Bootheel, eastern and southern Arkansas, all of Louisiana, the southeast corner of Oklahoma, and easternmost Texas in the United States. It continues along the Gulf in northeastern and eastern Mexico, through Tamaulipas and Veracruz to Tabasco and the Yucatán Peninsula", "id": "14786658" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\nis the use of public or city owned space to sleep or to protect one's personal belongings. For example, the use of a tent underneath a bridge in order to serve as a living space is prohibited. Action towards panhandling has also been seen from the government. Many downtown cities around the United States have tried to combat panhandlers by prohibiting panhandling at certain locations as well as restricting the time periods that it is allowed. In Georgia, Atlanta was proactive with this idea by banning panhandling in what is known as the", "id": "6576710" }, { "contents": "Smooth softshell turtle\n\n\nThe smooth softshell turtle (\"Apalone mutica\") is a species of softshell turtle of the family Trionychidae. The species is endemic to North America. \"A. mutica\" is native to North America. It is distributed throughout the central and southcentral United States as its geographic range extends from western Pennsylvania to New Mexico and south to the Florida panhandle. Smooth softshells turtles inhabit the Mississippi River drainage from Louisiana up to North Dakota and Pennsylvania, as well as the Colorado, Brazos, Sabine, and Pearl, Alabama and Escambia", "id": "3718421" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\ncontrol of panhandling, there is a variety of methods used across the state depending on the issues in each city. Many cities such as Mobile, Alabama have introduced a set of ordinances to prohibit panhandling in the \"Downtown Visitors Domain\" area, as well regulations for panhandlers in the rest of the city including disallowing; panhandling at night, physical contact while panhandling, panhandling in groups, and approaching those in queues or traffic. These ordinances are an improvement on the previously vague prohibition of \"begging\". For those soliciting", "id": "6576626" }, { "contents": "Southeast Alaska\n\n\nSoutheast Alaska, colloquially referred to as the Alaska Panhandle or Alaskan Panhandle, is the southeastern portion of the U.S. state of Alaska, bordered to the east by the northern half of the Canadian province of British Columbia. The majority of Southeast Alaska's area is part of the Tongass National Forest, the United States' largest national forest. In many places, the international border runs along the crest of the Boundary Ranges of the Coast Mountains (see Alaska boundary dispute). The region is noted for its scenery and mild rainy", "id": "2599514" }, { "contents": "Panhandle hook\n\n\nA panhandle hook storm has its origins as a strong shortwave low pressure system which traverses the base of a long-wave low pressure trough while geographically coincident with the southwestern United States. Such systems ubiquitously develop a surface low-pressure system in the northwestern Texas and western Oklahoma area (as an eddy effect interaction of the topography of the Rocky Mountains in relation to the jet stream) with associated warm front and cold front, with attending snow to the northwest of the low and severe thunderstorms to the southeast -- the \"hook", "id": "11032666" }, { "contents": "Aggressive panhandling\n\n\nactivity as aggressive panhandling. In 1991 and 1992, federal courts overturned New York and California state laws that made aggressive panhandling illegal. It was observed that \"Groups and individuals all over the United States engage in highly public fundraising for all sorts of causes and charities.\" Restrictions defining solicitation or panhandling as aggressive regard both manner and context. A typical ordinance is one from Longview, Washington: 9.23.030 Place of panhandling – Violation. It shall be unlawful for any person to panhandle when the person solicited is in any of the", "id": "12928770" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\n\"tourist triangle\" in August 2005. Another ban prohibited panhandling within 15 feet of common public places such as ATM's and train stations. Violations are punished with either a fine or imprisonment. In 2012 the city of Atlanta created an anti-panhandling law which criminalizes aggressive panhandling. Aggressive panhandling is defined as any form of gestures or intense intervention for the sake of retrieving monetary substance. This includes blocking the path of a bystander, following a bystander, using harsh language directed at a bystander, or any other indications that", "id": "6576711" }, { "contents": "List of geographical regions in Texas\n\n\nTexas is the second-largest state in the United States, with an area of and a population of 27.47 million in 254 counties. This covers an area wide by long. Due to its location and size, it is a part of a large number of unique geological regions, including the piney woods of East Texas, the plains in the Panhandle, the mountains in far West Texas, and hundreds of miles of coastline. There are several different methods used to describe the geographic and geological differences within the state, and", "id": "8963969" }, { "contents": "Spanish language in the United States\n\n\n(both Americans and other immigrant Europeans). After the Mexican War of Independence from Spain, California, Nevada, Arizona, Utah, western Colorado and southwestern Wyoming also became part of the Mexican territory of Alta California. Most of New Mexico, western Texas, southern Colorado, southwestern Kansas, and the Oklahoma panhandle were part of the territory of Santa Fe de Nuevo México. The geographical isolation and unique political history of this territory led to New Mexican Spanish differing notably from both Spanish spoken in other parts of the United States", "id": "16767467" }, { "contents": "Florida Panhandle\n\n\n's total population as recorded in the same census. \"Emerald Coast\", a term coined in 1983, refers in general to the beaches and coastal resorts from Pensacola to Port St. Joe, but is sometimes used to refer, by extension, to the Panhandle as a whole, especially west of the Apalachicola. Earlier designations include \"Playground of the Gulfcoast\" and the \"Miracle Strip\", especially for the area between Fort Walton Beach and Panama City. Coastal regions of the following counties (if not the entirety of", "id": "21191641" }, { "contents": "Oklahoma Panhandle\n\n\nthe Panhandle traces its origins as being part of the Spanish New Spain empire. The Transcontinental Treaty (Adams–Onís Treaty) of 1819 between Spain and the United States set the western boundary of this portion of the Louisiana Purchase at the 100th meridian. With Mexican independence in 1821, these lands became part of Mexico. With the formation of the Texas Republic, they became part of Texas. When Texas joined the U.S. in 1846, the strip became part of the United States. The Cimarron Cutoff for the Santa Fe Trail", "id": "15853934" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\non panhandling and vending at all highway intersections was proposed in 2001, but was later revised to apply only to Charles County. In 2006, the Anne Arundel County Council enacted a ban on panhandling by children under 18 years old. In April 2007, the Maryland General Assembly passed a bill banning panhandling beside and on Anne Arundel County roadways, as well as prohibiting the display of political signs or advertising messages on any public roadways. The American Civil Liberties Union have consistently opposed solicitation bans, due to concerns that legislation may hinder", "id": "6576757" }, { "contents": "Connecticut panhandle\n\n\nThe Connecticut Panhandle is the southwestern appendage of Connecticut, where it abuts New York State. It is contained entirely in Fairfield County and includes all of Greenwich, Stamford, New Canaan, and Darien, as well as parts of Norwalk and Wilton. It has some of the most expensive residential real estate in the United States. The irregularity in the boundary is the result of territorial disputes in the late 17th century, culminating with New York giving up its claim to this area, whose residents considered themselves part of Connecticut. In", "id": "1465841" }, { "contents": "Gulf Coast of the United States\n\n\nrivers, the largest of which is the Mississippi River. Much of the land along the Gulf Coast is, or was, marshland. Ringing the Gulf Coast is the Gulf Coastal Plain which reaches from Southern Texas to the western Florida Panhandle while the western portions of the Gulf Coast are made up of many barrier islands and peninsulas, including the Padre Island and Galveston Island located in the U.S. State of Texas. These landforms protect numerous bays and inlets providing as a barrier to oncoming waves. The central part of the Gulf Coast", "id": "11618304" }, { "contents": "Tallahassee, Florida\n\n\nOceanic and Atmospheric Administration maintains a National Weather Service in Tallahassee. Their coverage-warning area includes the eastern Florida Panhandle and adjacent Gulf of Mexico waters, the north-central Florida peninsula, and parts of southeastern Alabama and southwestern Georgia. The United States Army Reserve 81st Regional Support Command (USAR) opened an Army Reserve Center at 4307 Jackson Bluff Road. The Naval and Marine Corps Reserve Center (NMCRC) is at 2910 Roberts Avenue host the United States Navy Reserve Navy Operational Support Center Tallahassee (NOSC Tallahassee) and the", "id": "12569798" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\ndonations for charitable organizations, a permit must be obtained for the fundraising operation to be exempt from panhandling ordinances. Panhandling in the Downtown Visitors Domain may result in fines and jail sentences for those involved. Another effort to limit panhandling in Mobile is an initiative using donation meters through which people can donate money to approved charities in attempts to resolve the necessity of panhandling by providing disadvantaged citizens with resources. This method attempts to lessen the recurring arrest and release of the publicly intoxicated, who are often homeless or vagrant and participate in panhandling", "id": "6576627" }, { "contents": "History of Pennsylvania\n\n\na new state constitution in 1790; the constitution replaced the executive council with a governor and a bicameral legislature. Pennsylvania's borders took definitive shape in the decades before and after the Revolutionary War. The Mason–Dixon line established the borders between Pennsylvania and Maryland, and was later extended to serve as the border between Pennsylvania and Virginia (except for what is now West Virginia's northern panhandle). Although some settlers proposed the creation of the state of Westsylvania in the area that now contains Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania retained control of the", "id": "8703019" }, { "contents": "Madison County, Florida\n\n\nMadison County is a county located in the state of Florida, in the center of its northern border with Georgia. As of the 2010 census, the population was 19,224. Its county seat is also called Madison. As of August 28, 2012, Madison became a wet county, meaning that voters had approved the legal sale, possession, or distribution of alcoholic beverages. Located in what is known as the Florida Panhandle, Madison County was created in 1827. It was named for James Madison, fourth President of the United", "id": "21742211" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\nKentucky Supreme Court. In contrast, the city of Ashland, Kentucky has not come under scrutiny as their ordinance is less comprehensive and therefore less likely to impede individuals rights. However, recently the ordinance was amended to further crack down on the act of panhandling, adding an amendment to stop panhandlers from walking out into traffic, in an attempt to keep both beggars and the public safe. Panhandling laws are often controversial as they are generally welcomed by the public, who can feel harassed. However, it is also argued that", "id": "6576745" }, { "contents": "Florida's 1st congressional district\n\n\n. The district is currently represented by Republican Matt Gaetz. The district encompasses the western part of the Florida Panhandle, in the extreme western portion of the state, stretching from Pensacola and the Alabama border east to include Walton, Holmes, and Washington counties. Most of the territory now in the 1st District had been the 3rd District from 1903 to 1963; however, it has been numbered as the 1st District since then. It cast aside its Democratic roots far sooner than most of the other areas of the state. It", "id": "18827098" }, { "contents": "Northwest Florida Water Management District\n\n\nThe Northwest Florida Water Management District (NWFWMD) stretches from the St. Marks River Basin in Jefferson County to the Perdido River in Escambia County. The District is one of five water management districts in Florida created by the Water Resources Act of 1972. The District has worked for decades to protect and manage water resources in a sustainable manner for the continued welfare of people and natural systems across its 16-county region. It serves Bay, Calhoun, Escambia, Franklin, Gadsden, Gulf, Holmes, Jackson, Leon, Liberty, Okaloosa", "id": "20958691" }, { "contents": "List of peninsulas\n\n\nof southern France. Scandinavia is a peninsula and along with other islands encompassing present-day Sweden, Norway, and part of Finland. Florida is a well-known example of a large peninsula, with its land area divided between the larger Florida peninsula and the smaller Florida panhandle on the north and west. It has several smaller peninsulas within it: Michigan – the only bi-peninsular state – is very distinguishable for its mitten-shaped Lower Peninsula of Michigan which includes: The rifle-shaped Upper Peninsula of Michigan contains", "id": "3528823" }, { "contents": "State of Mexico\n\n\nof Hidalgo, Guerrero and Morelos. These territorial separations have left the state with the size and shape it has today, with the Toluca Valley to the west of Mexico City and a panhandle that extends around the north and east of this entity. The state name is simply \"México\" according to the 1917 Constitution of the United Mexican States, but to distinguish it from both the city and the country it is most often called \"Estado de México\". The demonym used to refer to people and things from the state", "id": "5266359" }, { "contents": "Pensacola, Florida\n\n\nPensacola () is the westernmost city in the Florida Panhandle, approximately from the border with Alabama, and the county seat of Escambia County, in the U.S. state of Florida. As of the 2010 census, the city had a total population of 51,923, down from 56,255 at the 2000 census. Pensacola is the principal city of the Pensacola metropolitan area, which had an estimated 494,883 residents . Pensacola is the site of the first Spanish settlement within the borders of the continental United States in 1559, predating the establishment of St.", "id": "18287772" }, { "contents": "Exit poll\n\n\nstate. In the 2000 US presidential election it was alleged that media organizations released exit poll results for Florida before the polls closed in the Republican-leaning counties of the panhandle, as part of the westernmost area of the state is one hour behind the main peninsula. A study by economist John Lott found an \"unusual\" decline in Panhandle voter turnout compared to previous elections, and that the networks' early call of Florida for Democrat Al Gore may have depressed Republican turnout in other states where the polls remained open. Some", "id": "8813323" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\n. An important concern for those in Alabama's capital city, Montgomery, is those who travel from other cities to panhandle, with a police report from November 2016 showing that most panhandlers in the area had travelled to the city for the purposes of begging. In the city of Daphne, panhandling is prohibited within 25 feet of public roadways and violators are subject to fines, while the cities of Gardendale and Vestavia Hills prevent all forms of panhandling on private and public property. The city of Tuscaloosa prohibits all aggressive panhandling, as", "id": "6576628" }, { "contents": "Wiregrass Region\n\n\nThe Wiregrass Region—or Wiregrass Country—is an area of the Southern United States encompassing parts of southern Georgia, southeastern Alabama, and the Florida Panhandle. The region is named for the native \"Aristida stricta\", commonly known as wiregrass due to its texture. The region stretches approximately from just below Macon, Georgia and follows the Fall Line west to Montgomery, Alabama. From there it turns south and runs to approximately Washington County, Florida in the northern panhandle. From there it runs east, roughly making its southern", "id": "654692" }, { "contents": "Tropical Depression Six (1975)\n\n\ncurved northeastward on July 30 into Mississippi, shortly before degenerating into a remnant low pressure area. The remnants moved through northern Louisiana and Arkansas until dissipating on August 3. The tropical depression dropped heavy rainfall, with some areas of the Florida Panhandle experiencing more than of precipitation. Rainfall from the depression contributed significantly toward making it the wettest July in the Florida Panhandle since 1923. Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, and Walton counties were hardest hit by flooding. Numerous roads were flooded and closed, with $3.2 million (1975 USD)", "id": "8068348" }, { "contents": "Florida Panhandle\n\n\nhas never been a producer of citrus crops because the area is subject to regular frosts and freezes in wintertime, which destroy citrus fruits. The following institutions of higher learning are located in the Panhandle. State University System: Florida College System: Religiously affiliated: The politics of the Florida Panhandle vary considerably depending on location. The western Panhandle, particularly the Emerald Coast, was one of the earliest areas to shake off its Yellow Dog Democrat roots, and since the 1990s has become the Republican area of Florida. Pensacola, Fort", "id": "21191654" }, { "contents": "Cuphea aspera\n\n\nCuphea aspera is a species of flowering plant in the loosestrife family known by the common names tropical waxweed and Chapman's waxweed. It is endemic to Florida in the United States, where it is limited to Gulf and Franklin Counties on the central Florida Panhandle. It has likely been extirpated from Calhoun County. This perennial herb grows up to about 40 centimeters tall from a woody, branching rootstock. The stems are coated in white hairs and purplish glandular hairs. The oppositely arranged or whorled leaves are each up to 2.5 centimeters long", "id": "4965520" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\nasking for donations, as well as actions and behaviours requesting donations within a public space. The idea has been quite contentious. Some media reports reflect calls for increased enforcement of laws against panhandlers, and others report that the ban on panhandling in public spaces is against the civil liberties of individuals, and unconstitutional as it infringes on the First Amendment. In regards to the permit proposal, community opinion was split, with some calling strongly for the implementation of a $25 permit that would need to be carried by panhandlers. The", "id": "6576859" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\n), 2,817 are veterans, and an estimated 5,615 are individuals experiencing chronic homelessness. Panhandling and Begging For 2016, the US Census Bureau reported that there were 3,116,886 people in poverty in Florida, or 15.7% of the state's population. 22.8% of them are children. Begging and panhandling are often a consequence of pervasive poverty due to the need to source money. When focusing on the laws against begging and panhandling it is important to begin with the fact that people become beggars and panhandlers for various reasons. They could", "id": "6576695" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\n7pm and 8am. Similar to the Nashville ordinance, the Memphis ordinance also expressly states areas where panhandling is prohibited including, but not limited to, within 25-feet of any religious assembly, within 50-feet of any entrance or exit from a bank/ATM machine and in any public transportation vehicle. In October 2016, the Memphis City Council voted to extend the ban on panhandling to between 5pm and 10am and to also extend the areas that panhandling is prohibited. Councillor Philip Spinosa Jr. declared that this extension entirely relates", "id": "6576835" }, { "contents": "Border irregularities of the United States\n\n\nBorder irregularities of the United States, particularly panhandles and highway incursions into other jurisdictions, are shown here. Often they are a result of borders which do not conform to geological features. There are several exclaves between the United States and Canada, including the entire state of Alaska (though the state can still be accessed by sea from the United States, except the small settlement Hyder which is only accessible by road from British Columbia). Other exclaves include Akwesasne, the Northwest Angle, and Point Roberts. The status of the", "id": "10873309" } ]

[ { "contents": "Salient (geography)\n\n\nA salient is an elongated protrusion of a geopolitical entity, such as a subnational entity or a sovereign state. While similar to a peninsula in shape, a salient is not surrounded by water on three sides. Instead, it has a land border on at least two sides and extends out from the larger geographical body of the administrative unit. In American English the term panhandle is often used to describe a relatively long and narrow salient, such as the westernmost extension of Oklahoma. Less common descriptors include chimney (if protruding northward", "id": "15451396" }, { "contents": "Salient (geography)\n\n\ninto account other considerations such as economic ties or topography. The following locations are salients in of nations. This definition includes the following counties: Bay, Calhoun, Escambia, Franklin, Gadsden, Gulf, Holmes, Jackson, Jefferson, Leon, Liberty, Madison, Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, Taylor, Wakulla, Walton, and Washington. Many people in the Pacific Northwest refer to the extreme northern section of Idaho's panhandle as \"The Chimney\", due to its resemblance to a chimney when viewed on maps. Although", "id": "15451398" }, { "contents": "Salient (geography)\n\n\n, as a chimney does from a roof, as with the northernmost extremity of West Virginia) and bootheel (if protruding southward, as the heel underneath a boot, such as the Missouri Bootheel). The term \"salient\" is derived from military salients. The term \"panhandle\" derives from the analogous part of a cooking pan, and its use is generally confined to the United States. The salient shape can be the result of arbitrarily drawn international or subnational boundaries, though the location of administrative borders can also take", "id": "15451397" }, { "contents": "Florida Panhandle\n\n\nThe Florida Panhandle (also West Florida and Northwest Florida) is the northwestern part of the U.S. state of Florida, is a strip of land roughly long and wide, lying between Alabama on the north and the west, Georgia on the north, and the Gulf of Mexico to the south. Its eastern boundary is arbitrarily defined. As is the case with the other eight U.S. states that have panhandles, the geographic meaning of the term is inexact and elastic. References to the Florida Panhandle always include the ten counties west of", "id": "21191638" }, { "contents": "Nebraska Panhandle\n\n\nThe Nebraska Panhandle is an area in the western part of the state of Nebraska and one of several U.S. state panhandles, or elongated geographical regions that extend from their main political entity. The Nebraska panhandle is two-thirds as broad as the rest of the state. It is approximately east to west and north to south. The Nebraska panhandle roughly encompasses the area in Nebraska between 102° and 104°W longitude and 41° and 43°N latitude. It comprises 11 counties with a combined land area of , or", "id": "19061706" }, { "contents": "Eastern Panhandle of West Virginia\n\n\nThe Eastern Panhandle is the eastern of the two panhandles in the U.S. state of West Virginia. It is a small stretch of territory in the northeast of the state, bordering Maryland and Virginia. Some sources and regional associations only identify the Eastern Panhandle as being composed of Morgan, Berkeley, and Jefferson Counties. Berkeley and Jefferson Counties are geographically located in the Shenandoah Valley. West Virginia is unusual in having two panhandles, the Eastern Panhandle and the Northern Panhandle. Berkeley, Hampshire, Hardy, Jefferson, and Morgan counties were", "id": "19061660" }, { "contents": "Salient (geography)\n\n\nUtah, like Nebraska, has a protrusion from its otherwise straight border, it is not usually considered a panhandle, as half of the Salt Lake City metropolitan area, the most populous region in the state and the home of the state's capital, is located in the region. Likewise, though New York has a southern protrusion that is more conspicuous than e.g. the Connecticut, Texas and Nebraska Panhandles, this is never considered a panhandle since it accommodates the most densely populated parts of the state. (In New York's", "id": "15451399" }, { "contents": "Escambia County, Florida\n\n\nmodern state boundaries. The Suwannee River was the border between them, which follows a winding path from the northern border of the state to the Gulf of Mexico. Essentially, the Escambia county government had jurisdiction over the \"panhandle\" and \"big bend\" areas and St. Johns over the remainder of the entire state. As population increased in the frontier territory, 21 counties were later organized from Escambia county directly or indirectly. They include Jackson (1821), Gadsden (created from Jackson)(1823), Leon (1824),", "id": "21309649" }, { "contents": "Escambia County, Florida\n\n\nWalton (1824), Washington (created from Jackson and Walton)(1825), Hamilton (1827), Jefferson (1827), Madison (created from Jefferson) (1827), Franklin (1832), Calhoun (1838), Santa Rosa (1842), Wakulla (created from Leon) (1843), Holmes (created from Jackson and Walton) (1848), Liberty (created from Gadsden) (1855), Lafayette and Taylor (created from Madison) (1856), Bay (created from Washington)", "id": "21309650" }, { "contents": "Panhandle, Texas\n\n\nPanhandle is the county seat of Carson County, Texas, United States. The population of the town was 2,452 at the 2010 census. Panhandle is part of the Amarillo metropolitan statistical area. Panhandle derives its name from its central location in the Texas Panhandle. Originally named \"Carson City\", it was later changed to \"Panhandle City\". In 1887, Panhandle obtained a post office, and in 1888 the town was planned as the terminus of the Panhandle and Santa Fe Railway. At that time the town was surrounded", "id": "10105425" }, { "contents": "Oklahoma Panhandle\n\n\nThe Oklahoma Panhandle is the extreme northwestern region of the U.S. state of Oklahoma, consisting of Cimarron County, Texas County and Beaver County, from west to east. As with other salients in the United States, its name comes from the similarity of its shape to the handle of a pan. The three-county Oklahoma Panhandle region had a population of 28,751 at the 2010 U.S. Census, representing 0.77% of the state's population. This is a decrease in total population of 1.2%, a loss of 361 people,", "id": "15853929" }, { "contents": "Marti Coley\n\n\nhusband to Marianna in 1985. Coley then began teaching at Malone High School, where she worked until 1989, at which point she joined the faculty of Chipola College. When her husband, State Representative David A. Coley, died, Marti Coley ran to succeed him in 2005 in the 7th District, which was based in the Florida Panhandle and included parts of Bay, Calhoun, Gadsden, Jackson, Leon, Liberty, Okaloosa, Wakulla, and Washington Counties. In a special election on June 14, 2005, Coley defeated", "id": "14735469" }, { "contents": "Alaska Peninsula\n\n\nThe Alaska Peninsula (also called Aleut Peninsula or Aleutian Peninsula) is a peninsula extending about to the southwest from the mainland of Alaska and ending in the Aleutian Islands. The peninsula separates the Pacific Ocean from Bristol Bay, an arm of the Bering Sea. In literature (especially Russian) the term ‘Alaska Peninsula’ was used to denote the entire northwestern protrusion of the North American continent, or all of what is now the state of Alaska, exclusive of its panhandle and islands. The Lake and Peninsula borough, the", "id": "10955928" }, { "contents": "Florida's 1st congressional district\n\n\nFlorida's 1st congressional district is a congressional district in the U.S. state of Florida, covering the state's western Panhandle. It includes all of Escambia, Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, and Walton counties and portions of Holmes county. The district is anchored in Pensacola and also includes the large military bedroom communities and tourist destinations of Navarre and Fort Walton Beach and stretches along the Emerald Coast. The district, as ranked by the Cook Partisan Voting Index, is the most Republican district in Florida and the 15th most in the United States", "id": "18827097" }, { "contents": "Florida Panhandle\n\n\nBay, fed by Econfina Creek. Pensacola Bay, a deepwater port, is formed by the joining of Escambia and East bays. The Gulf Intracoastal Waterway, completed in 1949, traverses the lower Panhandle by means of bays, lagoons, sounds, and man-made canals. The barrier islands of Perdido Key and Santa Rosa Island extend from the Pandhandle's western extremity to Fort Walton Beach. Interstate 10 is the only interstate highway in the Panhandle, connecting the extreme west with North Florida and Jacksonville. Other older east–", "id": "21191645" }, { "contents": "Pensacola Bay\n\n\nPensacola Bay is a bay located in the northwestern part of Florida, United States, known as the Florida Panhandle. The bay, an inlet of the Gulf of Mexico, is located in Escambia County and Santa Rosa County, adjacent to the city of Pensacola, Florida, and is about 13 miles (21 km) long and 2.5 miles (4 km) wide. The Pensacola Bay estuarine system including Escambia Bay, Pensacola Bay, Blackwater Bay, East Bay, and Santa Rosa Sound, and four rivers—the Escambia", "id": "13261668" }, { "contents": "Texas Panhandle\n\n\nThe Texas Panhandle is a region of the U.S. state of Texas consisting of the northernmost 26 counties in the state. The panhandle is a rectangular area bordered by New Mexico to the west and Oklahoma to the north and east. \"The Handbook of Texas\" defines the southern border of Swisher County as the southern boundary of the Texas Panhandle region. Its land area is , or nearly 10% of the state's total. The Texas Panhandle is slightly larger in size than the US state of West Virginia. An additional are", "id": "13769746" }, { "contents": "Effects of Hurricane Katrina in Florida\n\n\ncontrol facilities, public buildings, and recreation areas. The declaration was determined after the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) sent 20 State Emergency Response Teams to determine the extent of damage. After Hurricane Katrina struck the Gulf Coast, President Bush declared a disaster area for seven counties along the Florida panhandle on September 6; the counties were Bay, Escambia, Franklin, Gulf, Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, and Walton. In addition, Collier County in southwestern Florida was added to the list of disaster areas. In the two", "id": "12360696" }, { "contents": "Eastern Panhandle of West Virginia\n\n\n). Berkeley also includes the Panhandle's largest city, Martinsburg, with a 2010 census population of 17,227. The Eastern Panhandle is West Virginia's fastest-growing region in terms of population and housing. In July 2005, the United States Census Bureau released a list of the top 100 counties according to housing growth. Berkeley County grew 3.95 percent, from 36,365 housing units in 2003 to 37,802 units in 2004. That growth rate was 86th in the nation among the 3,143 United States counties. Jefferson County was not far behind", "id": "19061664" }, { "contents": "Florida Panhandle\n\n\naquarium in Fort Walton Beach, and the former Miracle Strip Amusement Park (1963–2004) in Panama City Beach. In 1971, the federal government acquired many acres of the coastal islands in Escambia, Santa Rosa, and Okaloosa counties, preserving them from commercial development by establishing the Gulf Islands National Seashore, which also covers some islands off the Mississippi coast. Other beach areas protected by the state of Florida include Both state and federal parks offer facilities for camping, picnicking, and other recreational pursuits. In addition, some parts of", "id": "21191659" }, { "contents": "Florida Panhandle\n\n\nthe Apalachicola River, a natural geographic boundary, which was the historic dividing line between the British colonies of West Florida and East Florida. These western counties also lie in the Central Time Zone (with the exception of Gulf County, which is divided between the Eastern and Central Time zones), while the rest of the state is in the Eastern Time Zone. References to the Panhandle \"may\" also include some or all of eight counties immediately east of the Apalachicola known as the Big Bend region, along the curve of", "id": "21191639" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\nand discourage panhandlers throughout the city, especially under unlawful circumstances including panhandling using children, aggression, false information and panhandling while loitering as prohibited by City Ordinances. Within the city of Opelika it is considered a misdemeanour to present false or misleading information while panhandling, and there are requirements for panhandlers to possess a panhandling permit. Threatening behaviours towards those solicited to are also considered misdemeanours and include; being too close, blocking the path of those approached, or panhandling in groups of two or more persons. Those previously charged with these", "id": "6576630" }, { "contents": "Effects of Hurricane Dennis in Florida\n\n\nwere directly killed while several others were killed indirectly, and total damage amounted to $1.5 billion (2005 USD). Directly after the storm, Bay, Dixie, Franklin, Gulf, Taylor, Wakulla and Walton counties were declared federal disaster areas. In the aftermath of the hurricane, president George W. Bush declared 13 counties–Bay, Calhoun, Escambia, Franklin, Gulf, Holmes, Jackson, Monroe, Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, Wakulla, Walton and Washington– in Florida as federal disaster areas. Applicants, including", "id": "8987936" }, { "contents": "Blackwater River (Florida)\n\n\nThe Blackwater River of Florida is a river rising in southern Alabama and flowing through the Florida Panhandle to the Gulf of Mexico. The river enters Florida in Okaloosa County and flows through Santa Rosa County to Blackwater Bay, an arm of Pensacola Bay. The river passes through Blackwater River State Forest and Blackwater River State Park. Milton, the county seat of Santa Rosa County, is located on the river. The Blackwater's sandy bottom, white beaches and large sandbars contrast with the dark tannic water that gives the river its name", "id": "15426373" }, { "contents": "Effects of Hurricane Dennis in Florida\n\n\nAlong the coast, severe beach erosion occurred as a result of the storm, mostly in Walton, Bay, Gulf, Franklin and Wakulla counties. As a result of the pounding surf, the Navarre pier was ripped apart in two places. Milton received of rain, which is the highest reported rainfall total in Florida caused by Dennis. Rainfall across the Florida Panhandle ranged from to , while rainfall across the central and southern portions of the state ranged from to near Tampa. In southern Leon County, flooding was reported with several", "id": "8987934" }, { "contents": "Florida Panhandle\n\n\n\". The \"Forgotten Coast\" is a trademarked term coined in the early 1990s used to refer to the coastal portion of the Florida Panhandle extending from Mexico Beach or southeastern Bay County on the Gulf of Mexico to St. Marks on Apalachee Bay. It is usually not considered a part of the Emerald Coast, which lies directly adjacent to the west. Coastal regions of the following counties (if not the entirety of the counties themselves) are usually included when referring to the Forgotten Coast: The Apalachicola River is the largest river", "id": "21191643" }, { "contents": "St. George Island (Florida)\n\n\nSt. George Island is an island off the Florida Panhandle in the northern Gulf of Mexico. It is in Franklin County, Florida, United States. St. George is a barrier island long and wide at its widest point. St. George Island is adjacent to Cape St. George Island, also known as Little St. George Island. It is connected to the mainland at Eastpoint, Florida by the long St. George Island Bridge over Apalachicola Bay. Nearby towns include Eastpoint, Carrabelle, and Apalachicola. St. George Island is informally divided into three", "id": "6700365" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\naggressive manner is illegal. Section 14-74 defines 'aggressive' as to include causing fear, following, touching, blocking or using threatening gestures in the process of panhandling. This carries a $25 fine and may include a term of imprisonment. While many laws targeting homeless populations are not new, there has been a shift in their focus. Prohibitions, including loitering and sleeping outdoors, have expanded to include strict panhandling restraints. These do not necessarily include complete bans, but can cover when, where and how panhandling", "id": "6576714" }, { "contents": "Texas Panhandle\n\n\nwas under 18 years of age. The 26 northernmost counties that make up the Texas Panhandle include: Major cities of the Texas Panhandle with populations greater than 10,000 include: Some of the smaller towns with populations less than 10,000 include: Much like the rest of West Texas and the Oklahoma Panhandle, the region is very politically and socially conservative. Following the pattern of other larger cities, Amarillo has the largest liberal population in the Panhandle. It was one of the first regions of the state to break away from its Democratic roots", "id": "13769752" }, { "contents": "Tropical Storm Barry (2001)\n\n\nwere issued for parts of Leon and Wakulla counties, while a flash flood watch was in effect for parts of southern Georgia. A tornado watch was issued for the eastern Florida Panhandle, southern Georgia, as well as portions of central and eastern Alabama. As Barry approached the Florida Panhandle, voluntary evacuations took place in eight counties. Shelters opened in six counties, though most were placed on standby. In parts of Franklin County, mandatory evacuations were ordered, and in Okaloosa County, tolls on the Mid-Bay Bridge were", "id": "11208828" }, { "contents": "Northern Panhandle of West Virginia\n\n\nby compromise in the 1780s. Today, due to the southern boundary being an extension of the Mason–Dixon line and the panhandle's proximity to the Pittsburgh area, the Northern Panhandle resembles more of the Midwestern United States or the Northeastern United States compared to the rest of the state (including the Eastern Panhandle of West Virginia), which is classified as part of the Upland South. In 2013, its northernmost two counties were included in the Pittsburgh consolidated area by the U.S. Census. The region has a total combined population", "id": "7663098" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\nmoney is not illegal and in fact, is protected by the Jackson city ordinance that prohibits panhandling. Similar legislation that prohibits begging is also in place in Mississippi's second largest city, Gulfport. In July 2012, Jackson City Councilman Quentin Whitwell proposed tripling existing fines and implementing longer jail sentences for panhandling in response to heightened community concern about aggressive panhandlers and an escalating panhandling \"epidemic\". However, this proposal was later rejected by the Jackson City Council amidst concerns from the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) of Mississippi that", "id": "6576794" }, { "contents": "Escambia Bay\n\n\nEscambia Bay is a bay located in Escambia and Santa Rosa counties, in the far western Florida Panhandle. The city of Pensacola is located on the western side, and the town of Milton is located on the northeastern end of the two-pronged bay. Both places are the county seats of the respective counties. Unusually, Escambia Bay is connected to open waters via Pensacola Bay to its southeast. It is fed primarily by the Escambia River. National Airlines Flight 193, a Boeing 727, crashed into Escambia Bay during a", "id": "13321403" }, { "contents": "West Virginia\n\n\nacross the border from the Pittsburgh metropolitan area, while Bluefield is less than from North Carolina. Huntington in the southwest is close to the states of Ohio and Kentucky, while Martinsburg and Harpers Ferry in the Eastern Panhandle region are considered part of the Washington metropolitan area, in between the states of Maryland and Virginia. The unique position of West Virginia means that it is often included in several geographical regions, including the Mid-Atlantic, the Upland South, and the Southeastern United States. It is the only state that is", "id": "14465678" }, { "contents": "George Gainer\n\n\nGeorge Gainer is an American politician who has served as a Republican member of the Florida Senate since 2016. He represents the 2nd district, encompassing Bay, Holmes, Jackson, Walton, Washington, and part of Okaloosa Counties, in the Florida Panhandle. He previously served as a Bay County commissioner, representing Tyndall AFB and other parts of southern Bay County, from 1968 to 1972 and 2002 to 2016. Gainer was born in Jackson County and attended Gulf Coast Community College. His career in the automobile business began in 1966 and", "id": "9161182" }, { "contents": "Northern Panhandle of West Virginia\n\n\nThe Northern Panhandle is the northern of the two panhandles in the U.S. state of West Virginia. It is a culturally and geographically distinct region of the state. It is the state's northernmost extension, bounded by Ohio and the Ohio River on the north and west and the state of Pennsylvania on the east. Its unusual configuration is the result of the Revolutionary-era claims of Virginia's former Yohogania County boundary lying along the Ohio River, conflicting with interpretations of the Colony of Pennsylvania's royal charter. The conflict was settled", "id": "7663097" }, { "contents": "Florida State Road 4\n\n\nState Road 4 (SR 4) is a two-lane state highway in Escambia, Santa Rosa, and Okaloosa counties in the western corner of the Florida Panhandle. It is signed east–west, but the road is slightly diagonal. The road runs from Century near the Alabama state line at an intersection with U.S. Highway 29 (US 29), to the farming community of Milligan at an intersection with US 90. The road cuts through the Blackwater River State Forest. It crosses the Escambia River, West Fork Big", "id": "16368801" }, { "contents": "Florida Panhandle\n\n\nWalton Beach, Destin and Panama City regularly give Republicans close to or over 70% margins in state and national elections. However, Tallahassee and Gadsden County tend to be strongly Democratic. In the 2008 Presidential election, John McCain received 421,287 votes (60.1%) in the Panhandle, while Barack Obama received 279,206 votes (39.9%). The following counties west of the Apalachicola River are \"always\" included in references to the Panhandle: Some or all of the following counties east of the Apalachicola, in the Big Bend", "id": "21191655" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\nmethods to stop panhandling. This has been developed in the mode of a myriad of pamphlets regarding available services for the homeless which can be printed off and distributed by businesses when they encounter persons panhandling or begging. Such services often report back to the Homeless Outreach Team in an attempt to reduce the prevalence of homelessness in the long-term. Persons encountering panhandlers and beggars in Kansas, if unable to politely refuse, are encouraged to contact 911. Many city and counties within the United States have enacted ordinances to limit or ban", "id": "6576742" }, { "contents": "1975 Atlantic hurricane season\n\n\neastern Louisiana. Once inland, the depression slowly weakened and re-curved northwestward on July 30 into Mississippi. Around that time, the depression dissipated. The remnants persisted at least until August 3, at which time it was situated over Arkansas. The tropical depression dropped heavy rainfall, with some areas of the Florida Panhandle experiencing more than of precipitation, with a maximum total of observed in DeFuniak Springs. Bay, Gulf, Holmes, Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, Wakulla, and Walton were hardest hit. Numerous roads were flooded", "id": "5467703" }, { "contents": "Franklin County, Florida\n\n\nFranklin County includes part of Tate's Hell State Forest. Bald Point State Park is nearby. The county's river's include the Carrabelle River and its tributaries the New River (Florida Panhandle) and Crooked River (Florida), visited by paddlers. The extreme eastern tip of the county is bordered by the Ochlockonee River. Also, St. James Island, while part of the mainland, is technically an island, being separated from the rest of Franklin County by rivers and an estuary. As of the census of 2000,", "id": "21309702" }, { "contents": "Euphorbia telephioides\n\n\nEuphorbia telephioides is a rare species of euphorb known by the common name Telephus spurge. It is endemic to Florida in the United States, where it is known only from three counties in the Panhandle. It is a federally listed threatened species of the United States. This spurge grows in coastal areas in Bay, Gulf, and Franklin Counties in Florida. It is present at about 38 known locations, with some locations newly discovered and some recently extirpated. The habitat is scrub and forest where it often grows alongside slash (\"", "id": "18648849" }, { "contents": "Choctawhatchee Bay\n\n\nChoctawhatchee Bay is a bay in the Emerald Coast region of the Florida Panhandle. The bay, located within Okaloosa and Walton counties, has a surface area of 129 mi (334 km). It is an inlet of the Gulf of Mexico, connected to it through East Pass (also known as Destin Pass). It also connects to Santa Rosa Sound in Fort Walton Beach, Florida to the west and to St. Andrews Bay in Bay County to the east, via the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway. East Pass is the only", "id": "12922504" }, { "contents": "Florida Panhandle\n\n\nApalachee Bay. Like North Central Florida, the Panhandle is more similar in culture and climate to the Deep South than to South Florida in the lower peninsula, being known for its conservative politics and \"piney woods.\" The largest city in the Panhandle is Tallahassee, the state capital, population 188,107 (2014). However, the largest population grouping is the Pensacola Metropolitan Area with a population of 474,081. The total population of the Panhandle, as of the 2010 Census, was 1,407,925, just under 7.5% of Florida", "id": "21191640" }, { "contents": "Aggressive panhandling\n\n\nsuch as near automated teller machines, in a restroom or near your car. This is considered aggressive panhandling and in Indiana it is against the law.\" Constitutional lawyers, including but not limited to the American Civil Liberties Union, have secured a series of court decisions confirming their view that the First Amendment of the United States Constitution protects activities which some local ordinances have attempted to proscribe as illegal panhandling. In response, many jurisdictions have responded by narrowing the definition of illegal panhandling. The generally accepted terminology is to denominate such", "id": "12928769" }, { "contents": "Effects of Hurricane Katrina in Florida\n\n\n. Winds along the Florida panhandle peaked at in Pensacola, with gusts to . High winds briefly closed the Interstate 10 bridge over Escambia Bay in Pensacola. The outer rainbands of the hurricane spawned five tornadoes, all of them weak and not very damaging. Rainfall along the panhandle reached in Philpot, which caused flooding. The winds caused damage to some trees and structures and there was some minor flooding in the panhandle. There were two indirect fatalities from Katrina in Walton County as a result of a traffic accident. Along the Florida", "id": "12360694" }, { "contents": "Florida Conference of Seventh-day Adventists\n\n\nFlorida Conference of Seventh-day Adventists is the organizational body of the Seventh-day Adventist Church for the state of Florida, United States. It is based in Altamonte Springs, Florida. In Spring 2014, the organization relocated from Winter Park, Florida. It is a subdivision of the Southern Union, which in turn is part of the North American Division, one of the 13 worldwide organizational Divisions of the Church. Its territory includes all of the State of Florida except the 10 westernmost panhandle counties: Bay, Calhoun,", "id": "2449992" }, { "contents": "Western short grasslands\n\n\nThe Western short grasslands is a temperate grassland ecoregion of the United States. This ecoregion largely corresponds with the geographical region known as the High Plains. It is located in eastern, northern, and central Montana, eastern Wyoming, western Nebraska (the Nebraska Panhandle), eastern Colorado, western Kansas, western Oklahoma (the Oklahoma Panhandle), eastern New Mexico, the Texas Panhandle and parts of west-central Texas and a very small portion of southwestern South Dakota. The Western short grasslands are characterised by a semi-arid", "id": "11982310" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\nDepartment in Virginia reportedly discouraged citizens from giving to panhandlers in the area, in that \"there's no telling what the cash will be used for\". While many are discouraging giving to panhandlers on motorways due to the context of 'risk', they also appear to portray an underlining negative bias and view of illegitimacy toward people who engage in panhandling. As police in some counties cannot directly arrest someone for begging, the Arlington Police Department note that they do arrest panhandlers for other offences for jaywalking and other traffic related", "id": "6576861" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\nother particular forms of panhandling including asking for money within 15 feet of an ATM or other location where money is dispensed, following someone to ask them for money, panhandling on private property such as going to someone's front door and asking for money, and panhandling in street traffic. The American Civil Liberties Union has raised numerous concerns over Omaha's previous and current panhandling ordinance as it was a violation of the First Amendment and entered negotiations with the City Attorney's Office about their unconstitutional ordinances. The City Council however did not", "id": "6576802" }, { "contents": "History of Pensacola, Florida\n\n\nPensacola and west from Saint Augustine. The riders met at the Indian village of Tallahassee, which was designated as the new territorial capital city. With the development of large cotton plantations, Florida's growing population was 50% enslaved African Americans. In the Panhandle, most slaves outside Pensacola were held by people in Tallahassee and in the plantation counties near the Georgia border, notably Jackson, Gadsden, Leon, and Jefferson. Near the coast, the soil had more sand and was less useful for plantation agriculture. On March 3", "id": "2371441" }, { "contents": "Macbridea alba\n\n\nMacbridea alba is a rare species of flowering plant in the mint family known by the common name white birds-in-a-nest. It is endemic to Florida in the United States, where it is found in four counties in the Florida Panhandle. It is threatened by the loss and degradation of its habitat, and it is federally listed as a threatened species of the United States. This plant grows in the counties of Gulf, Liberty, Franklin and Bay in Florida. There are just under 10,000 individuals in total", "id": "13276590" }, { "contents": "Idaho Panhandle\n\n\nThe Idaho Panhandle—locally known as North Idaho—is a region in the U.S. state of Idaho encompassing the state's 10 northernmost counties: Benewah, Bonner, Boundary, Clearwater, Idaho, Kootenai, Latah, Lewis, Nez Perce, and Shoshone (though the southern part of the region is sometimes referred to as North Central Idaho). The Panhandle is bordered by the state of Washington to the west, Montana to the east, and the Canadian province of British Columbia to the north. The Idaho panhandle, along", "id": "7517710" }, { "contents": "Florida Panhandle\n\n\nof fine quartz eroded from granite in the Appalachian Mountains. The sand is carried seaward by rivers and creeks and deposited by currents along the shore. The beach towns in the Panhandle, many of which play host to college students during spring break, are sometimes derisively called \"the Redneck Riviera\". The term was used as the title of a song by country music artist Tom T. Hall on his 1996 album \"Songs from Sopchoppy\". The album takes its name from a town in rural Wakulla County, near Tallahassee.", "id": "21191657" }, { "contents": "Liatris provincialis\n\n\nLiatris provincialis is a species of flowering plant in the aster family known by the common names Godfrey's blazing star and Godfrey's gayflower. It is endemic to Florida in the United States, where it is limited to Wakulla and Franklin Counties in the Panhandle. This perennial herb grows from a corm and reaches up to 90 centimeters tall. The leaves are linear to lance-shaped and up to 15 centimeters long near the base of the stem, becoming much smaller and narrower farther up the stem. The flower heads are arranged", "id": "8746836" }, { "contents": "1995 Atlantic hurricane season\n\n\nsevere damage in the panhandle. From Wakulla County westward, many structures including homes and buildings were swept away or suffered some degree of damage. In Escambia, Okaloosa, and Santa Rosa counties, nearly 300 homes were destroyed and 1,000 others suffered major damage. The storm left at least $2.1 billion in damage in Florida. In Alabama, storm surge ranging from left significant damage in coastal counties. Inland, tropical storm force winds gusts were observed as far north as Huntsville. Numerous trees and power lines were downed in several", "id": "18736850" }, { "contents": "Doug Broxson\n\n\nDouglas Vaughn \"Doug\" Broxson (born March 10, 1949) is an American politician who is a Republican member of the Florida Senate, representing the 1st district, which includes Escambia, Santa Rosa, and part of Okaloosa Counties in the Florida Panhandle, since 2016. He previously served in the Florida House of Representatives, representing northern Okaloosa County and Santa Rosa County from 2010 to 2016. On March 3, 2018, Broxson rejected a two-year moratorium on the sale of AR-15s. Broxson was born in Pensacola.", "id": "8705642" }, { "contents": "Galilee Panhandle\n\n\nThe Galilee Panhandle (, \"Etzba HaGalil\" (lit. \"Finger of the Galilee\"), is an elongated geopolitical area or \"panhandle\" in northern Israel comprising the northernmost section of the Upper Galilee held by Israel, and the northern Jordan Rift Valley. The Galilee Panhandle incorporates five municipal authorities. Towns in the Galilee Panhandle include Metula and Kiryat Shmona. The Galilee Panhandle is a narrow strip of land running from the Israel-Lebanon border in the far north to an imaginary line above the Hula Valley in the", "id": "15996103" }, { "contents": "Choctawhatchee River\n\n\nfigure in the Florida Panhandle and was highly respected by whites. Following the United States' acquisition of this territory in 1821 from Spain, European Americans entered the panhandle in greater numbers, encroaching on Euchee and Creek territory. In 1814 Andrew Jackson built a stockade called the \"Block House\" at the confluence of the East and West forks of the Chocktawhatchee, near Newton. European-American settlers also used the river in their time, from the years of the earliest land patents around Geneva (1841) until the late 1930s", "id": "18651850" }, { "contents": "Florida's Hazelhurst terrace and shoreline\n\n\nthe mapping by the Florida Geological Survey's terraces and shorelines as a geological marker for marine presence. The Hazelhurst exists in many Florida panhandle counties west to east. What would be Gadsden and Liberty County, Florida in particular had a very large landmass not only created by rising and lowering sea levels, but from depositions from the Apalachicola River on Gadsden's west side. This high ground is within the Tifton/Tallahassee Uplands. Other counties with substantial landmass are Escambia (Perdido River), Santa Rosa (Black River),", "id": "3977543" }, { "contents": "Geography of Florida\n\n\nMuch of the state of Florida is situated on a peninsula between the Gulf of Mexico, the Atlantic Ocean, and the Straits of Florida. Spanning two time zones, it extends to the northwest into a panhandle along the northern Gulf of Mexico. It is bordered on the north by the states of Georgia and Alabama, and on the west, at the end of the panhandle, by Alabama. It is near The Bahamas and several Caribbean countries, particularly Cuba. Florida has 131 public airports, and more than 700 private", "id": "17334477" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 90\n\n\nEscambia bridge between Santa Rosa and Escambia counties. The highway's route continues to the north of I-10 as a two-lane highway through most of the sparsely-populated inland areas of the panhandle, becoming four lanes through and near several towns. In Gadsden County, US 90 cuts to the southeast toward downtown Tallahassee, where it passes the north entrance of Florida State University and expands to six lanes until its intersection with US 27. The portion of the highway that extends through Midway has been designated as the Alfred Lawson,", "id": "4020282" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\npanhandling from busy streets by encouraging citizens to donate money to not-for-profit shelters and food banks, rather than directly donating to panhandling persons. In 2012, Allegany County imposed narrow restrictions on panhandling, allowing only one day permit per person per year for roadside solicitations. Other areas of Maryland with similar permit provisions include Cecil, Frederick and Baltimore counties. In 2012, certain panhandling ordinances within Frederick County revived First Amendment debates after undercover police officers donated money to begging persons and subsequently arrested them on panhandling charges. Frederick", "id": "6576759" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\nmisdemeanour) could increase this penalty to a maximum fine of $500 and/or up to 6 months in jail. While the Tennessee Code is written in very broad and general terms, several city ordinances, most of which were enacted before the Tennessee Code, provide specific restraints on the actions of panhandlers. The Memphis Code of Ordinances contains a very lengthy and detailed section (§ 6-56) on panhandling. Under this section, panhandling is prohibited within a specified zone of Downtown Memphis and is generally prohibited between the hours of", "id": "6576834" }, { "contents": "Texas's 13th congressional district\n\n\nTexas District 13 of the United States House of Representatives is a Congressional District of the U.S. state of Texas that includes most of the Texas Panhandle, parts of Texoma and northeastern parts of North Texas. It winds across the Panhandle into the South Plains, then runs east across the Red River Valley. Covering over , it is the second-largest district geographically in Texas and larger in area than thirteen entire states. The principal cities in the district are Amarillo and Wichita Falls. The current Representative is Republican Mac Thornberry. According", "id": "3400568" }, { "contents": "Gulf Coastal Plain\n\n\nThe Gulf Coastal Plain extends around the Gulf of Mexico in the Southern United States and eastern Mexico. The plain reaches from the Florida Panhandle, southwest Georgia, the southern two-thirds of Alabama, over most of Mississippi, western Tennessee and Kentucky, into southern Illinois, the Missouri Bootheel, eastern and southern Arkansas, all of Louisiana, the southeast corner of Oklahoma, and easternmost Texas in the United States. It continues along the Gulf in northeastern and eastern Mexico, through Tamaulipas and Veracruz to Tabasco and the Yucatán Peninsula", "id": "14786658" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\nis the use of public or city owned space to sleep or to protect one's personal belongings. For example, the use of a tent underneath a bridge in order to serve as a living space is prohibited. Action towards panhandling has also been seen from the government. Many downtown cities around the United States have tried to combat panhandlers by prohibiting panhandling at certain locations as well as restricting the time periods that it is allowed. In Georgia, Atlanta was proactive with this idea by banning panhandling in what is known as the", "id": "6576710" }, { "contents": "Smooth softshell turtle\n\n\nThe smooth softshell turtle (\"Apalone mutica\") is a species of softshell turtle of the family Trionychidae. The species is endemic to North America. \"A. mutica\" is native to North America. It is distributed throughout the central and southcentral United States as its geographic range extends from western Pennsylvania to New Mexico and south to the Florida panhandle. Smooth softshells turtles inhabit the Mississippi River drainage from Louisiana up to North Dakota and Pennsylvania, as well as the Colorado, Brazos, Sabine, and Pearl, Alabama and Escambia", "id": "3718421" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\ncontrol of panhandling, there is a variety of methods used across the state depending on the issues in each city. Many cities such as Mobile, Alabama have introduced a set of ordinances to prohibit panhandling in the \"Downtown Visitors Domain\" area, as well regulations for panhandlers in the rest of the city including disallowing; panhandling at night, physical contact while panhandling, panhandling in groups, and approaching those in queues or traffic. These ordinances are an improvement on the previously vague prohibition of \"begging\". For those soliciting", "id": "6576626" }, { "contents": "Southeast Alaska\n\n\nSoutheast Alaska, colloquially referred to as the Alaska Panhandle or Alaskan Panhandle, is the southeastern portion of the U.S. state of Alaska, bordered to the east by the northern half of the Canadian province of British Columbia. The majority of Southeast Alaska's area is part of the Tongass National Forest, the United States' largest national forest. In many places, the international border runs along the crest of the Boundary Ranges of the Coast Mountains (see Alaska boundary dispute). The region is noted for its scenery and mild rainy", "id": "2599514" }, { "contents": "Panhandle hook\n\n\nA panhandle hook storm has its origins as a strong shortwave low pressure system which traverses the base of a long-wave low pressure trough while geographically coincident with the southwestern United States. Such systems ubiquitously develop a surface low-pressure system in the northwestern Texas and western Oklahoma area (as an eddy effect interaction of the topography of the Rocky Mountains in relation to the jet stream) with associated warm front and cold front, with attending snow to the northwest of the low and severe thunderstorms to the southeast -- the \"hook", "id": "11032666" }, { "contents": "Aggressive panhandling\n\n\nactivity as aggressive panhandling. In 1991 and 1992, federal courts overturned New York and California state laws that made aggressive panhandling illegal. It was observed that \"Groups and individuals all over the United States engage in highly public fundraising for all sorts of causes and charities.\" Restrictions defining solicitation or panhandling as aggressive regard both manner and context. A typical ordinance is one from Longview, Washington: 9.23.030 Place of panhandling – Violation. It shall be unlawful for any person to panhandle when the person solicited is in any of the", "id": "12928770" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\n\"tourist triangle\" in August 2005. Another ban prohibited panhandling within 15 feet of common public places such as ATM's and train stations. Violations are punished with either a fine or imprisonment. In 2012 the city of Atlanta created an anti-panhandling law which criminalizes aggressive panhandling. Aggressive panhandling is defined as any form of gestures or intense intervention for the sake of retrieving monetary substance. This includes blocking the path of a bystander, following a bystander, using harsh language directed at a bystander, or any other indications that", "id": "6576711" }, { "contents": "List of geographical regions in Texas\n\n\nTexas is the second-largest state in the United States, with an area of and a population of 27.47 million in 254 counties. This covers an area wide by long. Due to its location and size, it is a part of a large number of unique geological regions, including the piney woods of East Texas, the plains in the Panhandle, the mountains in far West Texas, and hundreds of miles of coastline. There are several different methods used to describe the geographic and geological differences within the state, and", "id": "8963969" }, { "contents": "Spanish language in the United States\n\n\n(both Americans and other immigrant Europeans). After the Mexican War of Independence from Spain, California, Nevada, Arizona, Utah, western Colorado and southwestern Wyoming also became part of the Mexican territory of Alta California. Most of New Mexico, western Texas, southern Colorado, southwestern Kansas, and the Oklahoma panhandle were part of the territory of Santa Fe de Nuevo México. The geographical isolation and unique political history of this territory led to New Mexican Spanish differing notably from both Spanish spoken in other parts of the United States", "id": "16767467" }, { "contents": "Florida Panhandle\n\n\n's total population as recorded in the same census. \"Emerald Coast\", a term coined in 1983, refers in general to the beaches and coastal resorts from Pensacola to Port St. Joe, but is sometimes used to refer, by extension, to the Panhandle as a whole, especially west of the Apalachicola. Earlier designations include \"Playground of the Gulfcoast\" and the \"Miracle Strip\", especially for the area between Fort Walton Beach and Panama City. Coastal regions of the following counties (if not the entirety of", "id": "21191641" }, { "contents": "Oklahoma Panhandle\n\n\nthe Panhandle traces its origins as being part of the Spanish New Spain empire. The Transcontinental Treaty (Adams–Onís Treaty) of 1819 between Spain and the United States set the western boundary of this portion of the Louisiana Purchase at the 100th meridian. With Mexican independence in 1821, these lands became part of Mexico. With the formation of the Texas Republic, they became part of Texas. When Texas joined the U.S. in 1846, the strip became part of the United States. The Cimarron Cutoff for the Santa Fe Trail", "id": "15853934" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\non panhandling and vending at all highway intersections was proposed in 2001, but was later revised to apply only to Charles County. In 2006, the Anne Arundel County Council enacted a ban on panhandling by children under 18 years old. In April 2007, the Maryland General Assembly passed a bill banning panhandling beside and on Anne Arundel County roadways, as well as prohibiting the display of political signs or advertising messages on any public roadways. The American Civil Liberties Union have consistently opposed solicitation bans, due to concerns that legislation may hinder", "id": "6576757" }, { "contents": "Connecticut panhandle\n\n\nThe Connecticut Panhandle is the southwestern appendage of Connecticut, where it abuts New York State. It is contained entirely in Fairfield County and includes all of Greenwich, Stamford, New Canaan, and Darien, as well as parts of Norwalk and Wilton. It has some of the most expensive residential real estate in the United States. The irregularity in the boundary is the result of territorial disputes in the late 17th century, culminating with New York giving up its claim to this area, whose residents considered themselves part of Connecticut. In", "id": "1465841" }, { "contents": "Gulf Coast of the United States\n\n\nrivers, the largest of which is the Mississippi River. Much of the land along the Gulf Coast is, or was, marshland. Ringing the Gulf Coast is the Gulf Coastal Plain which reaches from Southern Texas to the western Florida Panhandle while the western portions of the Gulf Coast are made up of many barrier islands and peninsulas, including the Padre Island and Galveston Island located in the U.S. State of Texas. These landforms protect numerous bays and inlets providing as a barrier to oncoming waves. The central part of the Gulf Coast", "id": "11618304" }, { "contents": "Tallahassee, Florida\n\n\nOceanic and Atmospheric Administration maintains a National Weather Service in Tallahassee. Their coverage-warning area includes the eastern Florida Panhandle and adjacent Gulf of Mexico waters, the north-central Florida peninsula, and parts of southeastern Alabama and southwestern Georgia. The United States Army Reserve 81st Regional Support Command (USAR) opened an Army Reserve Center at 4307 Jackson Bluff Road. The Naval and Marine Corps Reserve Center (NMCRC) is at 2910 Roberts Avenue host the United States Navy Reserve Navy Operational Support Center Tallahassee (NOSC Tallahassee) and the", "id": "12569798" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\ndonations for charitable organizations, a permit must be obtained for the fundraising operation to be exempt from panhandling ordinances. Panhandling in the Downtown Visitors Domain may result in fines and jail sentences for those involved. Another effort to limit panhandling in Mobile is an initiative using donation meters through which people can donate money to approved charities in attempts to resolve the necessity of panhandling by providing disadvantaged citizens with resources. This method attempts to lessen the recurring arrest and release of the publicly intoxicated, who are often homeless or vagrant and participate in panhandling", "id": "6576627" }, { "contents": "History of Pennsylvania\n\n\na new state constitution in 1790; the constitution replaced the executive council with a governor and a bicameral legislature. Pennsylvania's borders took definitive shape in the decades before and after the Revolutionary War. The Mason–Dixon line established the borders between Pennsylvania and Maryland, and was later extended to serve as the border between Pennsylvania and Virginia (except for what is now West Virginia's northern panhandle). Although some settlers proposed the creation of the state of Westsylvania in the area that now contains Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania retained control of the", "id": "8703019" }, { "contents": "Madison County, Florida\n\n\nMadison County is a county located in the state of Florida, in the center of its northern border with Georgia. As of the 2010 census, the population was 19,224. Its county seat is also called Madison. As of August 28, 2012, Madison became a wet county, meaning that voters had approved the legal sale, possession, or distribution of alcoholic beverages. Located in what is known as the Florida Panhandle, Madison County was created in 1827. It was named for James Madison, fourth President of the United", "id": "21742211" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\nKentucky Supreme Court. In contrast, the city of Ashland, Kentucky has not come under scrutiny as their ordinance is less comprehensive and therefore less likely to impede individuals rights. However, recently the ordinance was amended to further crack down on the act of panhandling, adding an amendment to stop panhandlers from walking out into traffic, in an attempt to keep both beggars and the public safe. Panhandling laws are often controversial as they are generally welcomed by the public, who can feel harassed. However, it is also argued that", "id": "6576745" }, { "contents": "Florida's 1st congressional district\n\n\n. The district is currently represented by Republican Matt Gaetz. The district encompasses the western part of the Florida Panhandle, in the extreme western portion of the state, stretching from Pensacola and the Alabama border east to include Walton, Holmes, and Washington counties. Most of the territory now in the 1st District had been the 3rd District from 1903 to 1963; however, it has been numbered as the 1st District since then. It cast aside its Democratic roots far sooner than most of the other areas of the state. It", "id": "18827098" }, { "contents": "Northwest Florida Water Management District\n\n\nThe Northwest Florida Water Management District (NWFWMD) stretches from the St. Marks River Basin in Jefferson County to the Perdido River in Escambia County. The District is one of five water management districts in Florida created by the Water Resources Act of 1972. The District has worked for decades to protect and manage water resources in a sustainable manner for the continued welfare of people and natural systems across its 16-county region. It serves Bay, Calhoun, Escambia, Franklin, Gadsden, Gulf, Holmes, Jackson, Leon, Liberty, Okaloosa", "id": "20958691" }, { "contents": "List of peninsulas\n\n\nof southern France. Scandinavia is a peninsula and along with other islands encompassing present-day Sweden, Norway, and part of Finland. Florida is a well-known example of a large peninsula, with its land area divided between the larger Florida peninsula and the smaller Florida panhandle on the north and west. It has several smaller peninsulas within it: Michigan – the only bi-peninsular state – is very distinguishable for its mitten-shaped Lower Peninsula of Michigan which includes: The rifle-shaped Upper Peninsula of Michigan contains", "id": "3528823" }, { "contents": "State of Mexico\n\n\nof Hidalgo, Guerrero and Morelos. These territorial separations have left the state with the size and shape it has today, with the Toluca Valley to the west of Mexico City and a panhandle that extends around the north and east of this entity. The state name is simply \"México\" according to the 1917 Constitution of the United Mexican States, but to distinguish it from both the city and the country it is most often called \"Estado de México\". The demonym used to refer to people and things from the state", "id": "5266359" }, { "contents": "Pensacola, Florida\n\n\nPensacola () is the westernmost city in the Florida Panhandle, approximately from the border with Alabama, and the county seat of Escambia County, in the U.S. state of Florida. As of the 2010 census, the city had a total population of 51,923, down from 56,255 at the 2000 census. Pensacola is the principal city of the Pensacola metropolitan area, which had an estimated 494,883 residents . Pensacola is the site of the first Spanish settlement within the borders of the continental United States in 1559, predating the establishment of St.", "id": "18287772" }, { "contents": "Exit poll\n\n\nstate. In the 2000 US presidential election it was alleged that media organizations released exit poll results for Florida before the polls closed in the Republican-leaning counties of the panhandle, as part of the westernmost area of the state is one hour behind the main peninsula. A study by economist John Lott found an \"unusual\" decline in Panhandle voter turnout compared to previous elections, and that the networks' early call of Florida for Democrat Al Gore may have depressed Republican turnout in other states where the polls remained open. Some", "id": "8813323" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\n. An important concern for those in Alabama's capital city, Montgomery, is those who travel from other cities to panhandle, with a police report from November 2016 showing that most panhandlers in the area had travelled to the city for the purposes of begging. In the city of Daphne, panhandling is prohibited within 25 feet of public roadways and violators are subject to fines, while the cities of Gardendale and Vestavia Hills prevent all forms of panhandling on private and public property. The city of Tuscaloosa prohibits all aggressive panhandling, as", "id": "6576628" }, { "contents": "Wiregrass Region\n\n\nThe Wiregrass Region—or Wiregrass Country—is an area of the Southern United States encompassing parts of southern Georgia, southeastern Alabama, and the Florida Panhandle. The region is named for the native \"Aristida stricta\", commonly known as wiregrass due to its texture. The region stretches approximately from just below Macon, Georgia and follows the Fall Line west to Montgomery, Alabama. From there it turns south and runs to approximately Washington County, Florida in the northern panhandle. From there it runs east, roughly making its southern", "id": "654692" }, { "contents": "Tropical Depression Six (1975)\n\n\ncurved northeastward on July 30 into Mississippi, shortly before degenerating into a remnant low pressure area. The remnants moved through northern Louisiana and Arkansas until dissipating on August 3. The tropical depression dropped heavy rainfall, with some areas of the Florida Panhandle experiencing more than of precipitation. Rainfall from the depression contributed significantly toward making it the wettest July in the Florida Panhandle since 1923. Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, and Walton counties were hardest hit by flooding. Numerous roads were flooded and closed, with $3.2 million (1975 USD)", "id": "8068348" }, { "contents": "Florida Panhandle\n\n\nhas never been a producer of citrus crops because the area is subject to regular frosts and freezes in wintertime, which destroy citrus fruits. The following institutions of higher learning are located in the Panhandle. State University System: Florida College System: Religiously affiliated: The politics of the Florida Panhandle vary considerably depending on location. The western Panhandle, particularly the Emerald Coast, was one of the earliest areas to shake off its Yellow Dog Democrat roots, and since the 1990s has become the Republican area of Florida. Pensacola, Fort", "id": "21191654" }, { "contents": "Cuphea aspera\n\n\nCuphea aspera is a species of flowering plant in the loosestrife family known by the common names tropical waxweed and Chapman's waxweed. It is endemic to Florida in the United States, where it is limited to Gulf and Franklin Counties on the central Florida Panhandle. It has likely been extirpated from Calhoun County. This perennial herb grows up to about 40 centimeters tall from a woody, branching rootstock. The stems are coated in white hairs and purplish glandular hairs. The oppositely arranged or whorled leaves are each up to 2.5 centimeters long", "id": "4965520" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\nasking for donations, as well as actions and behaviours requesting donations within a public space. The idea has been quite contentious. Some media reports reflect calls for increased enforcement of laws against panhandlers, and others report that the ban on panhandling in public spaces is against the civil liberties of individuals, and unconstitutional as it infringes on the First Amendment. In regards to the permit proposal, community opinion was split, with some calling strongly for the implementation of a $25 permit that would need to be carried by panhandlers. The", "id": "6576859" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\n), 2,817 are veterans, and an estimated 5,615 are individuals experiencing chronic homelessness. Panhandling and Begging For 2016, the US Census Bureau reported that there were 3,116,886 people in poverty in Florida, or 15.7% of the state's population. 22.8% of them are children. Begging and panhandling are often a consequence of pervasive poverty due to the need to source money. When focusing on the laws against begging and panhandling it is important to begin with the fact that people become beggars and panhandlers for various reasons. They could", "id": "6576695" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\n7pm and 8am. Similar to the Nashville ordinance, the Memphis ordinance also expressly states areas where panhandling is prohibited including, but not limited to, within 25-feet of any religious assembly, within 50-feet of any entrance or exit from a bank/ATM machine and in any public transportation vehicle. In October 2016, the Memphis City Council voted to extend the ban on panhandling to between 5pm and 10am and to also extend the areas that panhandling is prohibited. Councillor Philip Spinosa Jr. declared that this extension entirely relates", "id": "6576835" }, { "contents": "Border irregularities of the United States\n\n\nBorder irregularities of the United States, particularly panhandles and highway incursions into other jurisdictions, are shown here. Often they are a result of borders which do not conform to geological features. There are several exclaves between the United States and Canada, including the entire state of Alaska (though the state can still be accessed by sea from the United States, except the small settlement Hyder which is only accessible by road from British Columbia). Other exclaves include Akwesasne, the Northwest Angle, and Point Roberts. The status of the", "id": "10873309" } ]

[ { "contents": "Salient (geography)\n\n\nA salient is an elongated protrusion of a geopolitical entity, such as a subnational entity or a sovereign state. While similar to a peninsula in shape, a salient is not surrounded by water on three sides. Instead, it has a land border on at least two sides and extends out from the larger geographical body of the administrative unit. In American English the term panhandle is often used to describe a relatively long and narrow salient, such as the westernmost extension of Oklahoma. Less common descriptors include chimney (if protruding northward", "id": "15451396" }, { "contents": "Salient (geography)\n\n\ninto account other considerations such as economic ties or topography. The following locations are salients in of nations. This definition includes the following counties: Bay, Calhoun, Escambia, Franklin, Gadsden, Gulf, Holmes, Jackson, Jefferson, Leon, Liberty, Madison, Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, Taylor, Wakulla, Walton, and Washington. Many people in the Pacific Northwest refer to the extreme northern section of Idaho's panhandle as \"The Chimney\", due to its resemblance to a chimney when viewed on maps. Although", "id": "15451398" }, { "contents": "Salient (geography)\n\n\n, as a chimney does from a roof, as with the northernmost extremity of West Virginia) and bootheel (if protruding southward, as the heel underneath a boot, such as the Missouri Bootheel). The term \"salient\" is derived from military salients. The term \"panhandle\" derives from the analogous part of a cooking pan, and its use is generally confined to the United States. The salient shape can be the result of arbitrarily drawn international or subnational boundaries, though the location of administrative borders can also take", "id": "15451397" }, { "contents": "Florida Panhandle\n\n\nThe Florida Panhandle (also West Florida and Northwest Florida) is the northwestern part of the U.S. state of Florida, is a strip of land roughly long and wide, lying between Alabama on the north and the west, Georgia on the north, and the Gulf of Mexico to the south. Its eastern boundary is arbitrarily defined. As is the case with the other eight U.S. states that have panhandles, the geographic meaning of the term is inexact and elastic. References to the Florida Panhandle always include the ten counties west of", "id": "21191638" }, { "contents": "Nebraska Panhandle\n\n\nThe Nebraska Panhandle is an area in the western part of the state of Nebraska and one of several U.S. state panhandles, or elongated geographical regions that extend from their main political entity. The Nebraska panhandle is two-thirds as broad as the rest of the state. It is approximately east to west and north to south. The Nebraska panhandle roughly encompasses the area in Nebraska between 102° and 104°W longitude and 41° and 43°N latitude. It comprises 11 counties with a combined land area of , or", "id": "19061706" }, { "contents": "Eastern Panhandle of West Virginia\n\n\nThe Eastern Panhandle is the eastern of the two panhandles in the U.S. state of West Virginia. It is a small stretch of territory in the northeast of the state, bordering Maryland and Virginia. Some sources and regional associations only identify the Eastern Panhandle as being composed of Morgan, Berkeley, and Jefferson Counties. Berkeley and Jefferson Counties are geographically located in the Shenandoah Valley. West Virginia is unusual in having two panhandles, the Eastern Panhandle and the Northern Panhandle. Berkeley, Hampshire, Hardy, Jefferson, and Morgan counties were", "id": "19061660" }, { "contents": "Salient (geography)\n\n\nUtah, like Nebraska, has a protrusion from its otherwise straight border, it is not usually considered a panhandle, as half of the Salt Lake City metropolitan area, the most populous region in the state and the home of the state's capital, is located in the region. Likewise, though New York has a southern protrusion that is more conspicuous than e.g. the Connecticut, Texas and Nebraska Panhandles, this is never considered a panhandle since it accommodates the most densely populated parts of the state. (In New York's", "id": "15451399" }, { "contents": "Escambia County, Florida\n\n\nmodern state boundaries. The Suwannee River was the border between them, which follows a winding path from the northern border of the state to the Gulf of Mexico. Essentially, the Escambia county government had jurisdiction over the \"panhandle\" and \"big bend\" areas and St. Johns over the remainder of the entire state. As population increased in the frontier territory, 21 counties were later organized from Escambia county directly or indirectly. They include Jackson (1821), Gadsden (created from Jackson)(1823), Leon (1824),", "id": "21309649" }, { "contents": "Escambia County, Florida\n\n\nWalton (1824), Washington (created from Jackson and Walton)(1825), Hamilton (1827), Jefferson (1827), Madison (created from Jefferson) (1827), Franklin (1832), Calhoun (1838), Santa Rosa (1842), Wakulla (created from Leon) (1843), Holmes (created from Jackson and Walton) (1848), Liberty (created from Gadsden) (1855), Lafayette and Taylor (created from Madison) (1856), Bay (created from Washington)", "id": "21309650" }, { "contents": "Panhandle, Texas\n\n\nPanhandle is the county seat of Carson County, Texas, United States. The population of the town was 2,452 at the 2010 census. Panhandle is part of the Amarillo metropolitan statistical area. Panhandle derives its name from its central location in the Texas Panhandle. Originally named \"Carson City\", it was later changed to \"Panhandle City\". In 1887, Panhandle obtained a post office, and in 1888 the town was planned as the terminus of the Panhandle and Santa Fe Railway. At that time the town was surrounded", "id": "10105425" }, { "contents": "Oklahoma Panhandle\n\n\nThe Oklahoma Panhandle is the extreme northwestern region of the U.S. state of Oklahoma, consisting of Cimarron County, Texas County and Beaver County, from west to east. As with other salients in the United States, its name comes from the similarity of its shape to the handle of a pan. The three-county Oklahoma Panhandle region had a population of 28,751 at the 2010 U.S. Census, representing 0.77% of the state's population. This is a decrease in total population of 1.2%, a loss of 361 people,", "id": "15853929" }, { "contents": "Marti Coley\n\n\nhusband to Marianna in 1985. Coley then began teaching at Malone High School, where she worked until 1989, at which point she joined the faculty of Chipola College. When her husband, State Representative David A. Coley, died, Marti Coley ran to succeed him in 2005 in the 7th District, which was based in the Florida Panhandle and included parts of Bay, Calhoun, Gadsden, Jackson, Leon, Liberty, Okaloosa, Wakulla, and Washington Counties. In a special election on June 14, 2005, Coley defeated", "id": "14735469" }, { "contents": "Alaska Peninsula\n\n\nThe Alaska Peninsula (also called Aleut Peninsula or Aleutian Peninsula) is a peninsula extending about to the southwest from the mainland of Alaska and ending in the Aleutian Islands. The peninsula separates the Pacific Ocean from Bristol Bay, an arm of the Bering Sea. In literature (especially Russian) the term ‘Alaska Peninsula’ was used to denote the entire northwestern protrusion of the North American continent, or all of what is now the state of Alaska, exclusive of its panhandle and islands. The Lake and Peninsula borough, the", "id": "10955928" }, { "contents": "Florida's 1st congressional district\n\n\nFlorida's 1st congressional district is a congressional district in the U.S. state of Florida, covering the state's western Panhandle. It includes all of Escambia, Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, and Walton counties and portions of Holmes county. The district is anchored in Pensacola and also includes the large military bedroom communities and tourist destinations of Navarre and Fort Walton Beach and stretches along the Emerald Coast. The district, as ranked by the Cook Partisan Voting Index, is the most Republican district in Florida and the 15th most in the United States", "id": "18827097" }, { "contents": "Florida Panhandle\n\n\nBay, fed by Econfina Creek. Pensacola Bay, a deepwater port, is formed by the joining of Escambia and East bays. The Gulf Intracoastal Waterway, completed in 1949, traverses the lower Panhandle by means of bays, lagoons, sounds, and man-made canals. The barrier islands of Perdido Key and Santa Rosa Island extend from the Pandhandle's western extremity to Fort Walton Beach. Interstate 10 is the only interstate highway in the Panhandle, connecting the extreme west with North Florida and Jacksonville. Other older east–", "id": "21191645" }, { "contents": "Pensacola Bay\n\n\nPensacola Bay is a bay located in the northwestern part of Florida, United States, known as the Florida Panhandle. The bay, an inlet of the Gulf of Mexico, is located in Escambia County and Santa Rosa County, adjacent to the city of Pensacola, Florida, and is about 13 miles (21 km) long and 2.5 miles (4 km) wide. The Pensacola Bay estuarine system including Escambia Bay, Pensacola Bay, Blackwater Bay, East Bay, and Santa Rosa Sound, and four rivers—the Escambia", "id": "13261668" }, { "contents": "Texas Panhandle\n\n\nThe Texas Panhandle is a region of the U.S. state of Texas consisting of the northernmost 26 counties in the state. The panhandle is a rectangular area bordered by New Mexico to the west and Oklahoma to the north and east. \"The Handbook of Texas\" defines the southern border of Swisher County as the southern boundary of the Texas Panhandle region. Its land area is , or nearly 10% of the state's total. The Texas Panhandle is slightly larger in size than the US state of West Virginia. An additional are", "id": "13769746" }, { "contents": "Effects of Hurricane Katrina in Florida\n\n\ncontrol facilities, public buildings, and recreation areas. The declaration was determined after the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) sent 20 State Emergency Response Teams to determine the extent of damage. After Hurricane Katrina struck the Gulf Coast, President Bush declared a disaster area for seven counties along the Florida panhandle on September 6; the counties were Bay, Escambia, Franklin, Gulf, Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, and Walton. In addition, Collier County in southwestern Florida was added to the list of disaster areas. In the two", "id": "12360696" }, { "contents": "Eastern Panhandle of West Virginia\n\n\n). Berkeley also includes the Panhandle's largest city, Martinsburg, with a 2010 census population of 17,227. The Eastern Panhandle is West Virginia's fastest-growing region in terms of population and housing. In July 2005, the United States Census Bureau released a list of the top 100 counties according to housing growth. Berkeley County grew 3.95 percent, from 36,365 housing units in 2003 to 37,802 units in 2004. That growth rate was 86th in the nation among the 3,143 United States counties. Jefferson County was not far behind", "id": "19061664" }, { "contents": "Florida Panhandle\n\n\naquarium in Fort Walton Beach, and the former Miracle Strip Amusement Park (1963–2004) in Panama City Beach. In 1971, the federal government acquired many acres of the coastal islands in Escambia, Santa Rosa, and Okaloosa counties, preserving them from commercial development by establishing the Gulf Islands National Seashore, which also covers some islands off the Mississippi coast. Other beach areas protected by the state of Florida include Both state and federal parks offer facilities for camping, picnicking, and other recreational pursuits. In addition, some parts of", "id": "21191659" }, { "contents": "Florida Panhandle\n\n\nthe Apalachicola River, a natural geographic boundary, which was the historic dividing line between the British colonies of West Florida and East Florida. These western counties also lie in the Central Time Zone (with the exception of Gulf County, which is divided between the Eastern and Central Time zones), while the rest of the state is in the Eastern Time Zone. References to the Panhandle \"may\" also include some or all of eight counties immediately east of the Apalachicola known as the Big Bend region, along the curve of", "id": "21191639" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\nand discourage panhandlers throughout the city, especially under unlawful circumstances including panhandling using children, aggression, false information and panhandling while loitering as prohibited by City Ordinances. Within the city of Opelika it is considered a misdemeanour to present false or misleading information while panhandling, and there are requirements for panhandlers to possess a panhandling permit. Threatening behaviours towards those solicited to are also considered misdemeanours and include; being too close, blocking the path of those approached, or panhandling in groups of two or more persons. Those previously charged with these", "id": "6576630" }, { "contents": "Effects of Hurricane Dennis in Florida\n\n\nwere directly killed while several others were killed indirectly, and total damage amounted to $1.5 billion (2005 USD). Directly after the storm, Bay, Dixie, Franklin, Gulf, Taylor, Wakulla and Walton counties were declared federal disaster areas. In the aftermath of the hurricane, president George W. Bush declared 13 counties–Bay, Calhoun, Escambia, Franklin, Gulf, Holmes, Jackson, Monroe, Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, Wakulla, Walton and Washington– in Florida as federal disaster areas. Applicants, including", "id": "8987936" }, { "contents": "Blackwater River (Florida)\n\n\nThe Blackwater River of Florida is a river rising in southern Alabama and flowing through the Florida Panhandle to the Gulf of Mexico. The river enters Florida in Okaloosa County and flows through Santa Rosa County to Blackwater Bay, an arm of Pensacola Bay. The river passes through Blackwater River State Forest and Blackwater River State Park. Milton, the county seat of Santa Rosa County, is located on the river. The Blackwater's sandy bottom, white beaches and large sandbars contrast with the dark tannic water that gives the river its name", "id": "15426373" }, { "contents": "Effects of Hurricane Dennis in Florida\n\n\nAlong the coast, severe beach erosion occurred as a result of the storm, mostly in Walton, Bay, Gulf, Franklin and Wakulla counties. As a result of the pounding surf, the Navarre pier was ripped apart in two places. Milton received of rain, which is the highest reported rainfall total in Florida caused by Dennis. Rainfall across the Florida Panhandle ranged from to , while rainfall across the central and southern portions of the state ranged from to near Tampa. In southern Leon County, flooding was reported with several", "id": "8987934" }, { "contents": "Florida Panhandle\n\n\n\". The \"Forgotten Coast\" is a trademarked term coined in the early 1990s used to refer to the coastal portion of the Florida Panhandle extending from Mexico Beach or southeastern Bay County on the Gulf of Mexico to St. Marks on Apalachee Bay. It is usually not considered a part of the Emerald Coast, which lies directly adjacent to the west. Coastal regions of the following counties (if not the entirety of the counties themselves) are usually included when referring to the Forgotten Coast: The Apalachicola River is the largest river", "id": "21191643" }, { "contents": "St. George Island (Florida)\n\n\nSt. George Island is an island off the Florida Panhandle in the northern Gulf of Mexico. It is in Franklin County, Florida, United States. St. George is a barrier island long and wide at its widest point. St. George Island is adjacent to Cape St. George Island, also known as Little St. George Island. It is connected to the mainland at Eastpoint, Florida by the long St. George Island Bridge over Apalachicola Bay. Nearby towns include Eastpoint, Carrabelle, and Apalachicola. St. George Island is informally divided into three", "id": "6700365" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\naggressive manner is illegal. Section 14-74 defines 'aggressive' as to include causing fear, following, touching, blocking or using threatening gestures in the process of panhandling. This carries a $25 fine and may include a term of imprisonment. While many laws targeting homeless populations are not new, there has been a shift in their focus. Prohibitions, including loitering and sleeping outdoors, have expanded to include strict panhandling restraints. These do not necessarily include complete bans, but can cover when, where and how panhandling", "id": "6576714" }, { "contents": "Texas Panhandle\n\n\nwas under 18 years of age. The 26 northernmost counties that make up the Texas Panhandle include: Major cities of the Texas Panhandle with populations greater than 10,000 include: Some of the smaller towns with populations less than 10,000 include: Much like the rest of West Texas and the Oklahoma Panhandle, the region is very politically and socially conservative. Following the pattern of other larger cities, Amarillo has the largest liberal population in the Panhandle. It was one of the first regions of the state to break away from its Democratic roots", "id": "13769752" }, { "contents": "Tropical Storm Barry (2001)\n\n\nwere issued for parts of Leon and Wakulla counties, while a flash flood watch was in effect for parts of southern Georgia. A tornado watch was issued for the eastern Florida Panhandle, southern Georgia, as well as portions of central and eastern Alabama. As Barry approached the Florida Panhandle, voluntary evacuations took place in eight counties. Shelters opened in six counties, though most were placed on standby. In parts of Franklin County, mandatory evacuations were ordered, and in Okaloosa County, tolls on the Mid-Bay Bridge were", "id": "11208828" }, { "contents": "Northern Panhandle of West Virginia\n\n\nby compromise in the 1780s. Today, due to the southern boundary being an extension of the Mason–Dixon line and the panhandle's proximity to the Pittsburgh area, the Northern Panhandle resembles more of the Midwestern United States or the Northeastern United States compared to the rest of the state (including the Eastern Panhandle of West Virginia), which is classified as part of the Upland South. In 2013, its northernmost two counties were included in the Pittsburgh consolidated area by the U.S. Census. The region has a total combined population", "id": "7663098" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\nmoney is not illegal and in fact, is protected by the Jackson city ordinance that prohibits panhandling. Similar legislation that prohibits begging is also in place in Mississippi's second largest city, Gulfport. In July 2012, Jackson City Councilman Quentin Whitwell proposed tripling existing fines and implementing longer jail sentences for panhandling in response to heightened community concern about aggressive panhandlers and an escalating panhandling \"epidemic\". However, this proposal was later rejected by the Jackson City Council amidst concerns from the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) of Mississippi that", "id": "6576794" }, { "contents": "Escambia Bay\n\n\nEscambia Bay is a bay located in Escambia and Santa Rosa counties, in the far western Florida Panhandle. The city of Pensacola is located on the western side, and the town of Milton is located on the northeastern end of the two-pronged bay. Both places are the county seats of the respective counties. Unusually, Escambia Bay is connected to open waters via Pensacola Bay to its southeast. It is fed primarily by the Escambia River. National Airlines Flight 193, a Boeing 727, crashed into Escambia Bay during a", "id": "13321403" }, { "contents": "West Virginia\n\n\nacross the border from the Pittsburgh metropolitan area, while Bluefield is less than from North Carolina. Huntington in the southwest is close to the states of Ohio and Kentucky, while Martinsburg and Harpers Ferry in the Eastern Panhandle region are considered part of the Washington metropolitan area, in between the states of Maryland and Virginia. The unique position of West Virginia means that it is often included in several geographical regions, including the Mid-Atlantic, the Upland South, and the Southeastern United States. It is the only state that is", "id": "14465678" }, { "contents": "George Gainer\n\n\nGeorge Gainer is an American politician who has served as a Republican member of the Florida Senate since 2016. He represents the 2nd district, encompassing Bay, Holmes, Jackson, Walton, Washington, and part of Okaloosa Counties, in the Florida Panhandle. He previously served as a Bay County commissioner, representing Tyndall AFB and other parts of southern Bay County, from 1968 to 1972 and 2002 to 2016. Gainer was born in Jackson County and attended Gulf Coast Community College. His career in the automobile business began in 1966 and", "id": "9161182" }, { "contents": "Northern Panhandle of West Virginia\n\n\nThe Northern Panhandle is the northern of the two panhandles in the U.S. state of West Virginia. It is a culturally and geographically distinct region of the state. It is the state's northernmost extension, bounded by Ohio and the Ohio River on the north and west and the state of Pennsylvania on the east. Its unusual configuration is the result of the Revolutionary-era claims of Virginia's former Yohogania County boundary lying along the Ohio River, conflicting with interpretations of the Colony of Pennsylvania's royal charter. The conflict was settled", "id": "7663097" }, { "contents": "Florida State Road 4\n\n\nState Road 4 (SR 4) is a two-lane state highway in Escambia, Santa Rosa, and Okaloosa counties in the western corner of the Florida Panhandle. It is signed east–west, but the road is slightly diagonal. The road runs from Century near the Alabama state line at an intersection with U.S. Highway 29 (US 29), to the farming community of Milligan at an intersection with US 90. The road cuts through the Blackwater River State Forest. It crosses the Escambia River, West Fork Big", "id": "16368801" }, { "contents": "Florida Panhandle\n\n\nWalton Beach, Destin and Panama City regularly give Republicans close to or over 70% margins in state and national elections. However, Tallahassee and Gadsden County tend to be strongly Democratic. In the 2008 Presidential election, John McCain received 421,287 votes (60.1%) in the Panhandle, while Barack Obama received 279,206 votes (39.9%). The following counties west of the Apalachicola River are \"always\" included in references to the Panhandle: Some or all of the following counties east of the Apalachicola, in the Big Bend", "id": "21191655" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\nmethods to stop panhandling. This has been developed in the mode of a myriad of pamphlets regarding available services for the homeless which can be printed off and distributed by businesses when they encounter persons panhandling or begging. Such services often report back to the Homeless Outreach Team in an attempt to reduce the prevalence of homelessness in the long-term. Persons encountering panhandlers and beggars in Kansas, if unable to politely refuse, are encouraged to contact 911. Many city and counties within the United States have enacted ordinances to limit or ban", "id": "6576742" }, { "contents": "1975 Atlantic hurricane season\n\n\neastern Louisiana. Once inland, the depression slowly weakened and re-curved northwestward on July 30 into Mississippi. Around that time, the depression dissipated. The remnants persisted at least until August 3, at which time it was situated over Arkansas. The tropical depression dropped heavy rainfall, with some areas of the Florida Panhandle experiencing more than of precipitation, with a maximum total of observed in DeFuniak Springs. Bay, Gulf, Holmes, Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, Wakulla, and Walton were hardest hit. Numerous roads were flooded", "id": "5467703" }, { "contents": "Franklin County, Florida\n\n\nFranklin County includes part of Tate's Hell State Forest. Bald Point State Park is nearby. The county's river's include the Carrabelle River and its tributaries the New River (Florida Panhandle) and Crooked River (Florida), visited by paddlers. The extreme eastern tip of the county is bordered by the Ochlockonee River. Also, St. James Island, while part of the mainland, is technically an island, being separated from the rest of Franklin County by rivers and an estuary. As of the census of 2000,", "id": "21309702" }, { "contents": "Euphorbia telephioides\n\n\nEuphorbia telephioides is a rare species of euphorb known by the common name Telephus spurge. It is endemic to Florida in the United States, where it is known only from three counties in the Panhandle. It is a federally listed threatened species of the United States. This spurge grows in coastal areas in Bay, Gulf, and Franklin Counties in Florida. It is present at about 38 known locations, with some locations newly discovered and some recently extirpated. The habitat is scrub and forest where it often grows alongside slash (\"", "id": "18648849" }, { "contents": "Choctawhatchee Bay\n\n\nChoctawhatchee Bay is a bay in the Emerald Coast region of the Florida Panhandle. The bay, located within Okaloosa and Walton counties, has a surface area of 129 mi (334 km). It is an inlet of the Gulf of Mexico, connected to it through East Pass (also known as Destin Pass). It also connects to Santa Rosa Sound in Fort Walton Beach, Florida to the west and to St. Andrews Bay in Bay County to the east, via the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway. East Pass is the only", "id": "12922504" }, { "contents": "Florida Panhandle\n\n\nApalachee Bay. Like North Central Florida, the Panhandle is more similar in culture and climate to the Deep South than to South Florida in the lower peninsula, being known for its conservative politics and \"piney woods.\" The largest city in the Panhandle is Tallahassee, the state capital, population 188,107 (2014). However, the largest population grouping is the Pensacola Metropolitan Area with a population of 474,081. The total population of the Panhandle, as of the 2010 Census, was 1,407,925, just under 7.5% of Florida", "id": "21191640" }, { "contents": "Aggressive panhandling\n\n\nsuch as near automated teller machines, in a restroom or near your car. This is considered aggressive panhandling and in Indiana it is against the law.\" Constitutional lawyers, including but not limited to the American Civil Liberties Union, have secured a series of court decisions confirming their view that the First Amendment of the United States Constitution protects activities which some local ordinances have attempted to proscribe as illegal panhandling. In response, many jurisdictions have responded by narrowing the definition of illegal panhandling. The generally accepted terminology is to denominate such", "id": "12928769" }, { "contents": "Effects of Hurricane Katrina in Florida\n\n\n. Winds along the Florida panhandle peaked at in Pensacola, with gusts to . High winds briefly closed the Interstate 10 bridge over Escambia Bay in Pensacola. The outer rainbands of the hurricane spawned five tornadoes, all of them weak and not very damaging. Rainfall along the panhandle reached in Philpot, which caused flooding. The winds caused damage to some trees and structures and there was some minor flooding in the panhandle. There were two indirect fatalities from Katrina in Walton County as a result of a traffic accident. Along the Florida", "id": "12360694" }, { "contents": "Florida Conference of Seventh-day Adventists\n\n\nFlorida Conference of Seventh-day Adventists is the organizational body of the Seventh-day Adventist Church for the state of Florida, United States. It is based in Altamonte Springs, Florida. In Spring 2014, the organization relocated from Winter Park, Florida. It is a subdivision of the Southern Union, which in turn is part of the North American Division, one of the 13 worldwide organizational Divisions of the Church. Its territory includes all of the State of Florida except the 10 westernmost panhandle counties: Bay, Calhoun,", "id": "2449992" }, { "contents": "Western short grasslands\n\n\nThe Western short grasslands is a temperate grassland ecoregion of the United States. This ecoregion largely corresponds with the geographical region known as the High Plains. It is located in eastern, northern, and central Montana, eastern Wyoming, western Nebraska (the Nebraska Panhandle), eastern Colorado, western Kansas, western Oklahoma (the Oklahoma Panhandle), eastern New Mexico, the Texas Panhandle and parts of west-central Texas and a very small portion of southwestern South Dakota. The Western short grasslands are characterised by a semi-arid", "id": "11982310" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\nDepartment in Virginia reportedly discouraged citizens from giving to panhandlers in the area, in that \"there's no telling what the cash will be used for\". While many are discouraging giving to panhandlers on motorways due to the context of 'risk', they also appear to portray an underlining negative bias and view of illegitimacy toward people who engage in panhandling. As police in some counties cannot directly arrest someone for begging, the Arlington Police Department note that they do arrest panhandlers for other offences for jaywalking and other traffic related", "id": "6576861" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\nother particular forms of panhandling including asking for money within 15 feet of an ATM or other location where money is dispensed, following someone to ask them for money, panhandling on private property such as going to someone's front door and asking for money, and panhandling in street traffic. The American Civil Liberties Union has raised numerous concerns over Omaha's previous and current panhandling ordinance as it was a violation of the First Amendment and entered negotiations with the City Attorney's Office about their unconstitutional ordinances. The City Council however did not", "id": "6576802" }, { "contents": "History of Pensacola, Florida\n\n\nPensacola and west from Saint Augustine. The riders met at the Indian village of Tallahassee, which was designated as the new territorial capital city. With the development of large cotton plantations, Florida's growing population was 50% enslaved African Americans. In the Panhandle, most slaves outside Pensacola were held by people in Tallahassee and in the plantation counties near the Georgia border, notably Jackson, Gadsden, Leon, and Jefferson. Near the coast, the soil had more sand and was less useful for plantation agriculture. On March 3", "id": "2371441" }, { "contents": "Macbridea alba\n\n\nMacbridea alba is a rare species of flowering plant in the mint family known by the common name white birds-in-a-nest. It is endemic to Florida in the United States, where it is found in four counties in the Florida Panhandle. It is threatened by the loss and degradation of its habitat, and it is federally listed as a threatened species of the United States. This plant grows in the counties of Gulf, Liberty, Franklin and Bay in Florida. There are just under 10,000 individuals in total", "id": "13276590" }, { "contents": "Idaho Panhandle\n\n\nThe Idaho Panhandle—locally known as North Idaho—is a region in the U.S. state of Idaho encompassing the state's 10 northernmost counties: Benewah, Bonner, Boundary, Clearwater, Idaho, Kootenai, Latah, Lewis, Nez Perce, and Shoshone (though the southern part of the region is sometimes referred to as North Central Idaho). The Panhandle is bordered by the state of Washington to the west, Montana to the east, and the Canadian province of British Columbia to the north. The Idaho panhandle, along", "id": "7517710" }, { "contents": "Florida Panhandle\n\n\nof fine quartz eroded from granite in the Appalachian Mountains. The sand is carried seaward by rivers and creeks and deposited by currents along the shore. The beach towns in the Panhandle, many of which play host to college students during spring break, are sometimes derisively called \"the Redneck Riviera\". The term was used as the title of a song by country music artist Tom T. Hall on his 1996 album \"Songs from Sopchoppy\". The album takes its name from a town in rural Wakulla County, near Tallahassee.", "id": "21191657" }, { "contents": "Liatris provincialis\n\n\nLiatris provincialis is a species of flowering plant in the aster family known by the common names Godfrey's blazing star and Godfrey's gayflower. It is endemic to Florida in the United States, where it is limited to Wakulla and Franklin Counties in the Panhandle. This perennial herb grows from a corm and reaches up to 90 centimeters tall. The leaves are linear to lance-shaped and up to 15 centimeters long near the base of the stem, becoming much smaller and narrower farther up the stem. The flower heads are arranged", "id": "8746836" }, { "contents": "1995 Atlantic hurricane season\n\n\nsevere damage in the panhandle. From Wakulla County westward, many structures including homes and buildings were swept away or suffered some degree of damage. In Escambia, Okaloosa, and Santa Rosa counties, nearly 300 homes were destroyed and 1,000 others suffered major damage. The storm left at least $2.1 billion in damage in Florida. In Alabama, storm surge ranging from left significant damage in coastal counties. Inland, tropical storm force winds gusts were observed as far north as Huntsville. Numerous trees and power lines were downed in several", "id": "18736850" }, { "contents": "Doug Broxson\n\n\nDouglas Vaughn \"Doug\" Broxson (born March 10, 1949) is an American politician who is a Republican member of the Florida Senate, representing the 1st district, which includes Escambia, Santa Rosa, and part of Okaloosa Counties in the Florida Panhandle, since 2016. He previously served in the Florida House of Representatives, representing northern Okaloosa County and Santa Rosa County from 2010 to 2016. On March 3, 2018, Broxson rejected a two-year moratorium on the sale of AR-15s. Broxson was born in Pensacola.", "id": "8705642" }, { "contents": "Galilee Panhandle\n\n\nThe Galilee Panhandle (, \"Etzba HaGalil\" (lit. \"Finger of the Galilee\"), is an elongated geopolitical area or \"panhandle\" in northern Israel comprising the northernmost section of the Upper Galilee held by Israel, and the northern Jordan Rift Valley. The Galilee Panhandle incorporates five municipal authorities. Towns in the Galilee Panhandle include Metula and Kiryat Shmona. The Galilee Panhandle is a narrow strip of land running from the Israel-Lebanon border in the far north to an imaginary line above the Hula Valley in the", "id": "15996103" }, { "contents": "Choctawhatchee River\n\n\nfigure in the Florida Panhandle and was highly respected by whites. Following the United States' acquisition of this territory in 1821 from Spain, European Americans entered the panhandle in greater numbers, encroaching on Euchee and Creek territory. In 1814 Andrew Jackson built a stockade called the \"Block House\" at the confluence of the East and West forks of the Chocktawhatchee, near Newton. European-American settlers also used the river in their time, from the years of the earliest land patents around Geneva (1841) until the late 1930s", "id": "18651850" }, { "contents": "Florida's Hazelhurst terrace and shoreline\n\n\nthe mapping by the Florida Geological Survey's terraces and shorelines as a geological marker for marine presence. The Hazelhurst exists in many Florida panhandle counties west to east. What would be Gadsden and Liberty County, Florida in particular had a very large landmass not only created by rising and lowering sea levels, but from depositions from the Apalachicola River on Gadsden's west side. This high ground is within the Tifton/Tallahassee Uplands. Other counties with substantial landmass are Escambia (Perdido River), Santa Rosa (Black River),", "id": "3977543" }, { "contents": "Geography of Florida\n\n\nMuch of the state of Florida is situated on a peninsula between the Gulf of Mexico, the Atlantic Ocean, and the Straits of Florida. Spanning two time zones, it extends to the northwest into a panhandle along the northern Gulf of Mexico. It is bordered on the north by the states of Georgia and Alabama, and on the west, at the end of the panhandle, by Alabama. It is near The Bahamas and several Caribbean countries, particularly Cuba. Florida has 131 public airports, and more than 700 private", "id": "17334477" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 90\n\n\nEscambia bridge between Santa Rosa and Escambia counties. The highway's route continues to the north of I-10 as a two-lane highway through most of the sparsely-populated inland areas of the panhandle, becoming four lanes through and near several towns. In Gadsden County, US 90 cuts to the southeast toward downtown Tallahassee, where it passes the north entrance of Florida State University and expands to six lanes until its intersection with US 27. The portion of the highway that extends through Midway has been designated as the Alfred Lawson,", "id": "4020282" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\npanhandling from busy streets by encouraging citizens to donate money to not-for-profit shelters and food banks, rather than directly donating to panhandling persons. In 2012, Allegany County imposed narrow restrictions on panhandling, allowing only one day permit per person per year for roadside solicitations. Other areas of Maryland with similar permit provisions include Cecil, Frederick and Baltimore counties. In 2012, certain panhandling ordinances within Frederick County revived First Amendment debates after undercover police officers donated money to begging persons and subsequently arrested them on panhandling charges. Frederick", "id": "6576759" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\nmisdemeanour) could increase this penalty to a maximum fine of $500 and/or up to 6 months in jail. While the Tennessee Code is written in very broad and general terms, several city ordinances, most of which were enacted before the Tennessee Code, provide specific restraints on the actions of panhandlers. The Memphis Code of Ordinances contains a very lengthy and detailed section (§ 6-56) on panhandling. Under this section, panhandling is prohibited within a specified zone of Downtown Memphis and is generally prohibited between the hours of", "id": "6576834" }, { "contents": "Texas's 13th congressional district\n\n\nTexas District 13 of the United States House of Representatives is a Congressional District of the U.S. state of Texas that includes most of the Texas Panhandle, parts of Texoma and northeastern parts of North Texas. It winds across the Panhandle into the South Plains, then runs east across the Red River Valley. Covering over , it is the second-largest district geographically in Texas and larger in area than thirteen entire states. The principal cities in the district are Amarillo and Wichita Falls. The current Representative is Republican Mac Thornberry. According", "id": "3400568" }, { "contents": "Gulf Coastal Plain\n\n\nThe Gulf Coastal Plain extends around the Gulf of Mexico in the Southern United States and eastern Mexico. The plain reaches from the Florida Panhandle, southwest Georgia, the southern two-thirds of Alabama, over most of Mississippi, western Tennessee and Kentucky, into southern Illinois, the Missouri Bootheel, eastern and southern Arkansas, all of Louisiana, the southeast corner of Oklahoma, and easternmost Texas in the United States. It continues along the Gulf in northeastern and eastern Mexico, through Tamaulipas and Veracruz to Tabasco and the Yucatán Peninsula", "id": "14786658" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\nis the use of public or city owned space to sleep or to protect one's personal belongings. For example, the use of a tent underneath a bridge in order to serve as a living space is prohibited. Action towards panhandling has also been seen from the government. Many downtown cities around the United States have tried to combat panhandlers by prohibiting panhandling at certain locations as well as restricting the time periods that it is allowed. In Georgia, Atlanta was proactive with this idea by banning panhandling in what is known as the", "id": "6576710" }, { "contents": "Smooth softshell turtle\n\n\nThe smooth softshell turtle (\"Apalone mutica\") is a species of softshell turtle of the family Trionychidae. The species is endemic to North America. \"A. mutica\" is native to North America. It is distributed throughout the central and southcentral United States as its geographic range extends from western Pennsylvania to New Mexico and south to the Florida panhandle. Smooth softshells turtles inhabit the Mississippi River drainage from Louisiana up to North Dakota and Pennsylvania, as well as the Colorado, Brazos, Sabine, and Pearl, Alabama and Escambia", "id": "3718421" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\ncontrol of panhandling, there is a variety of methods used across the state depending on the issues in each city. Many cities such as Mobile, Alabama have introduced a set of ordinances to prohibit panhandling in the \"Downtown Visitors Domain\" area, as well regulations for panhandlers in the rest of the city including disallowing; panhandling at night, physical contact while panhandling, panhandling in groups, and approaching those in queues or traffic. These ordinances are an improvement on the previously vague prohibition of \"begging\". For those soliciting", "id": "6576626" }, { "contents": "Southeast Alaska\n\n\nSoutheast Alaska, colloquially referred to as the Alaska Panhandle or Alaskan Panhandle, is the southeastern portion of the U.S. state of Alaska, bordered to the east by the northern half of the Canadian province of British Columbia. The majority of Southeast Alaska's area is part of the Tongass National Forest, the United States' largest national forest. In many places, the international border runs along the crest of the Boundary Ranges of the Coast Mountains (see Alaska boundary dispute). The region is noted for its scenery and mild rainy", "id": "2599514" }, { "contents": "Panhandle hook\n\n\nA panhandle hook storm has its origins as a strong shortwave low pressure system which traverses the base of a long-wave low pressure trough while geographically coincident with the southwestern United States. Such systems ubiquitously develop a surface low-pressure system in the northwestern Texas and western Oklahoma area (as an eddy effect interaction of the topography of the Rocky Mountains in relation to the jet stream) with associated warm front and cold front, with attending snow to the northwest of the low and severe thunderstorms to the southeast -- the \"hook", "id": "11032666" }, { "contents": "Aggressive panhandling\n\n\nactivity as aggressive panhandling. In 1991 and 1992, federal courts overturned New York and California state laws that made aggressive panhandling illegal. It was observed that \"Groups and individuals all over the United States engage in highly public fundraising for all sorts of causes and charities.\" Restrictions defining solicitation or panhandling as aggressive regard both manner and context. A typical ordinance is one from Longview, Washington: 9.23.030 Place of panhandling – Violation. It shall be unlawful for any person to panhandle when the person solicited is in any of the", "id": "12928770" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\n\"tourist triangle\" in August 2005. Another ban prohibited panhandling within 15 feet of common public places such as ATM's and train stations. Violations are punished with either a fine or imprisonment. In 2012 the city of Atlanta created an anti-panhandling law which criminalizes aggressive panhandling. Aggressive panhandling is defined as any form of gestures or intense intervention for the sake of retrieving monetary substance. This includes blocking the path of a bystander, following a bystander, using harsh language directed at a bystander, or any other indications that", "id": "6576711" }, { "contents": "List of geographical regions in Texas\n\n\nTexas is the second-largest state in the United States, with an area of and a population of 27.47 million in 254 counties. This covers an area wide by long. Due to its location and size, it is a part of a large number of unique geological regions, including the piney woods of East Texas, the plains in the Panhandle, the mountains in far West Texas, and hundreds of miles of coastline. There are several different methods used to describe the geographic and geological differences within the state, and", "id": "8963969" }, { "contents": "Spanish language in the United States\n\n\n(both Americans and other immigrant Europeans). After the Mexican War of Independence from Spain, California, Nevada, Arizona, Utah, western Colorado and southwestern Wyoming also became part of the Mexican territory of Alta California. Most of New Mexico, western Texas, southern Colorado, southwestern Kansas, and the Oklahoma panhandle were part of the territory of Santa Fe de Nuevo México. The geographical isolation and unique political history of this territory led to New Mexican Spanish differing notably from both Spanish spoken in other parts of the United States", "id": "16767467" }, { "contents": "Florida Panhandle\n\n\n's total population as recorded in the same census. \"Emerald Coast\", a term coined in 1983, refers in general to the beaches and coastal resorts from Pensacola to Port St. Joe, but is sometimes used to refer, by extension, to the Panhandle as a whole, especially west of the Apalachicola. Earlier designations include \"Playground of the Gulfcoast\" and the \"Miracle Strip\", especially for the area between Fort Walton Beach and Panama City. Coastal regions of the following counties (if not the entirety of", "id": "21191641" }, { "contents": "Oklahoma Panhandle\n\n\nthe Panhandle traces its origins as being part of the Spanish New Spain empire. The Transcontinental Treaty (Adams–Onís Treaty) of 1819 between Spain and the United States set the western boundary of this portion of the Louisiana Purchase at the 100th meridian. With Mexican independence in 1821, these lands became part of Mexico. With the formation of the Texas Republic, they became part of Texas. When Texas joined the U.S. in 1846, the strip became part of the United States. The Cimarron Cutoff for the Santa Fe Trail", "id": "15853934" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\non panhandling and vending at all highway intersections was proposed in 2001, but was later revised to apply only to Charles County. In 2006, the Anne Arundel County Council enacted a ban on panhandling by children under 18 years old. In April 2007, the Maryland General Assembly passed a bill banning panhandling beside and on Anne Arundel County roadways, as well as prohibiting the display of political signs or advertising messages on any public roadways. The American Civil Liberties Union have consistently opposed solicitation bans, due to concerns that legislation may hinder", "id": "6576757" }, { "contents": "Connecticut panhandle\n\n\nThe Connecticut Panhandle is the southwestern appendage of Connecticut, where it abuts New York State. It is contained entirely in Fairfield County and includes all of Greenwich, Stamford, New Canaan, and Darien, as well as parts of Norwalk and Wilton. It has some of the most expensive residential real estate in the United States. The irregularity in the boundary is the result of territorial disputes in the late 17th century, culminating with New York giving up its claim to this area, whose residents considered themselves part of Connecticut. In", "id": "1465841" }, { "contents": "Gulf Coast of the United States\n\n\nrivers, the largest of which is the Mississippi River. Much of the land along the Gulf Coast is, or was, marshland. Ringing the Gulf Coast is the Gulf Coastal Plain which reaches from Southern Texas to the western Florida Panhandle while the western portions of the Gulf Coast are made up of many barrier islands and peninsulas, including the Padre Island and Galveston Island located in the U.S. State of Texas. These landforms protect numerous bays and inlets providing as a barrier to oncoming waves. The central part of the Gulf Coast", "id": "11618304" }, { "contents": "Tallahassee, Florida\n\n\nOceanic and Atmospheric Administration maintains a National Weather Service in Tallahassee. Their coverage-warning area includes the eastern Florida Panhandle and adjacent Gulf of Mexico waters, the north-central Florida peninsula, and parts of southeastern Alabama and southwestern Georgia. The United States Army Reserve 81st Regional Support Command (USAR) opened an Army Reserve Center at 4307 Jackson Bluff Road. The Naval and Marine Corps Reserve Center (NMCRC) is at 2910 Roberts Avenue host the United States Navy Reserve Navy Operational Support Center Tallahassee (NOSC Tallahassee) and the", "id": "12569798" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\ndonations for charitable organizations, a permit must be obtained for the fundraising operation to be exempt from panhandling ordinances. Panhandling in the Downtown Visitors Domain may result in fines and jail sentences for those involved. Another effort to limit panhandling in Mobile is an initiative using donation meters through which people can donate money to approved charities in attempts to resolve the necessity of panhandling by providing disadvantaged citizens with resources. This method attempts to lessen the recurring arrest and release of the publicly intoxicated, who are often homeless or vagrant and participate in panhandling", "id": "6576627" }, { "contents": "History of Pennsylvania\n\n\na new state constitution in 1790; the constitution replaced the executive council with a governor and a bicameral legislature. Pennsylvania's borders took definitive shape in the decades before and after the Revolutionary War. The Mason–Dixon line established the borders between Pennsylvania and Maryland, and was later extended to serve as the border between Pennsylvania and Virginia (except for what is now West Virginia's northern panhandle). Although some settlers proposed the creation of the state of Westsylvania in the area that now contains Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania retained control of the", "id": "8703019" }, { "contents": "Madison County, Florida\n\n\nMadison County is a county located in the state of Florida, in the center of its northern border with Georgia. As of the 2010 census, the population was 19,224. Its county seat is also called Madison. As of August 28, 2012, Madison became a wet county, meaning that voters had approved the legal sale, possession, or distribution of alcoholic beverages. Located in what is known as the Florida Panhandle, Madison County was created in 1827. It was named for James Madison, fourth President of the United", "id": "21742211" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\nKentucky Supreme Court. In contrast, the city of Ashland, Kentucky has not come under scrutiny as their ordinance is less comprehensive and therefore less likely to impede individuals rights. However, recently the ordinance was amended to further crack down on the act of panhandling, adding an amendment to stop panhandlers from walking out into traffic, in an attempt to keep both beggars and the public safe. Panhandling laws are often controversial as they are generally welcomed by the public, who can feel harassed. However, it is also argued that", "id": "6576745" }, { "contents": "Florida's 1st congressional district\n\n\n. The district is currently represented by Republican Matt Gaetz. The district encompasses the western part of the Florida Panhandle, in the extreme western portion of the state, stretching from Pensacola and the Alabama border east to include Walton, Holmes, and Washington counties. Most of the territory now in the 1st District had been the 3rd District from 1903 to 1963; however, it has been numbered as the 1st District since then. It cast aside its Democratic roots far sooner than most of the other areas of the state. It", "id": "18827098" }, { "contents": "Northwest Florida Water Management District\n\n\nThe Northwest Florida Water Management District (NWFWMD) stretches from the St. Marks River Basin in Jefferson County to the Perdido River in Escambia County. The District is one of five water management districts in Florida created by the Water Resources Act of 1972. The District has worked for decades to protect and manage water resources in a sustainable manner for the continued welfare of people and natural systems across its 16-county region. It serves Bay, Calhoun, Escambia, Franklin, Gadsden, Gulf, Holmes, Jackson, Leon, Liberty, Okaloosa", "id": "20958691" }, { "contents": "List of peninsulas\n\n\nof southern France. Scandinavia is a peninsula and along with other islands encompassing present-day Sweden, Norway, and part of Finland. Florida is a well-known example of a large peninsula, with its land area divided between the larger Florida peninsula and the smaller Florida panhandle on the north and west. It has several smaller peninsulas within it: Michigan – the only bi-peninsular state – is very distinguishable for its mitten-shaped Lower Peninsula of Michigan which includes: The rifle-shaped Upper Peninsula of Michigan contains", "id": "3528823" }, { "contents": "State of Mexico\n\n\nof Hidalgo, Guerrero and Morelos. These territorial separations have left the state with the size and shape it has today, with the Toluca Valley to the west of Mexico City and a panhandle that extends around the north and east of this entity. The state name is simply \"México\" according to the 1917 Constitution of the United Mexican States, but to distinguish it from both the city and the country it is most often called \"Estado de México\". The demonym used to refer to people and things from the state", "id": "5266359" }, { "contents": "Pensacola, Florida\n\n\nPensacola () is the westernmost city in the Florida Panhandle, approximately from the border with Alabama, and the county seat of Escambia County, in the U.S. state of Florida. As of the 2010 census, the city had a total population of 51,923, down from 56,255 at the 2000 census. Pensacola is the principal city of the Pensacola metropolitan area, which had an estimated 494,883 residents . Pensacola is the site of the first Spanish settlement within the borders of the continental United States in 1559, predating the establishment of St.", "id": "18287772" }, { "contents": "Exit poll\n\n\nstate. In the 2000 US presidential election it was alleged that media organizations released exit poll results for Florida before the polls closed in the Republican-leaning counties of the panhandle, as part of the westernmost area of the state is one hour behind the main peninsula. A study by economist John Lott found an \"unusual\" decline in Panhandle voter turnout compared to previous elections, and that the networks' early call of Florida for Democrat Al Gore may have depressed Republican turnout in other states where the polls remained open. Some", "id": "8813323" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\n. An important concern for those in Alabama's capital city, Montgomery, is those who travel from other cities to panhandle, with a police report from November 2016 showing that most panhandlers in the area had travelled to the city for the purposes of begging. In the city of Daphne, panhandling is prohibited within 25 feet of public roadways and violators are subject to fines, while the cities of Gardendale and Vestavia Hills prevent all forms of panhandling on private and public property. The city of Tuscaloosa prohibits all aggressive panhandling, as", "id": "6576628" }, { "contents": "Wiregrass Region\n\n\nThe Wiregrass Region—or Wiregrass Country—is an area of the Southern United States encompassing parts of southern Georgia, southeastern Alabama, and the Florida Panhandle. The region is named for the native \"Aristida stricta\", commonly known as wiregrass due to its texture. The region stretches approximately from just below Macon, Georgia and follows the Fall Line west to Montgomery, Alabama. From there it turns south and runs to approximately Washington County, Florida in the northern panhandle. From there it runs east, roughly making its southern", "id": "654692" }, { "contents": "Tropical Depression Six (1975)\n\n\ncurved northeastward on July 30 into Mississippi, shortly before degenerating into a remnant low pressure area. The remnants moved through northern Louisiana and Arkansas until dissipating on August 3. The tropical depression dropped heavy rainfall, with some areas of the Florida Panhandle experiencing more than of precipitation. Rainfall from the depression contributed significantly toward making it the wettest July in the Florida Panhandle since 1923. Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, and Walton counties were hardest hit by flooding. Numerous roads were flooded and closed, with $3.2 million (1975 USD)", "id": "8068348" }, { "contents": "Florida Panhandle\n\n\nhas never been a producer of citrus crops because the area is subject to regular frosts and freezes in wintertime, which destroy citrus fruits. The following institutions of higher learning are located in the Panhandle. State University System: Florida College System: Religiously affiliated: The politics of the Florida Panhandle vary considerably depending on location. The western Panhandle, particularly the Emerald Coast, was one of the earliest areas to shake off its Yellow Dog Democrat roots, and since the 1990s has become the Republican area of Florida. Pensacola, Fort", "id": "21191654" }, { "contents": "Cuphea aspera\n\n\nCuphea aspera is a species of flowering plant in the loosestrife family known by the common names tropical waxweed and Chapman's waxweed. It is endemic to Florida in the United States, where it is limited to Gulf and Franklin Counties on the central Florida Panhandle. It has likely been extirpated from Calhoun County. This perennial herb grows up to about 40 centimeters tall from a woody, branching rootstock. The stems are coated in white hairs and purplish glandular hairs. The oppositely arranged or whorled leaves are each up to 2.5 centimeters long", "id": "4965520" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\nasking for donations, as well as actions and behaviours requesting donations within a public space. The idea has been quite contentious. Some media reports reflect calls for increased enforcement of laws against panhandlers, and others report that the ban on panhandling in public spaces is against the civil liberties of individuals, and unconstitutional as it infringes on the First Amendment. In regards to the permit proposal, community opinion was split, with some calling strongly for the implementation of a $25 permit that would need to be carried by panhandlers. The", "id": "6576859" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\n), 2,817 are veterans, and an estimated 5,615 are individuals experiencing chronic homelessness. Panhandling and Begging For 2016, the US Census Bureau reported that there were 3,116,886 people in poverty in Florida, or 15.7% of the state's population. 22.8% of them are children. Begging and panhandling are often a consequence of pervasive poverty due to the need to source money. When focusing on the laws against begging and panhandling it is important to begin with the fact that people become beggars and panhandlers for various reasons. They could", "id": "6576695" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\n7pm and 8am. Similar to the Nashville ordinance, the Memphis ordinance also expressly states areas where panhandling is prohibited including, but not limited to, within 25-feet of any religious assembly, within 50-feet of any entrance or exit from a bank/ATM machine and in any public transportation vehicle. In October 2016, the Memphis City Council voted to extend the ban on panhandling to between 5pm and 10am and to also extend the areas that panhandling is prohibited. Councillor Philip Spinosa Jr. declared that this extension entirely relates", "id": "6576835" }, { "contents": "Border irregularities of the United States\n\n\nBorder irregularities of the United States, particularly panhandles and highway incursions into other jurisdictions, are shown here. Often they are a result of borders which do not conform to geological features. There are several exclaves between the United States and Canada, including the entire state of Alaska (though the state can still be accessed by sea from the United States, except the small settlement Hyder which is only accessible by road from British Columbia). Other exclaves include Akwesasne, the Northwest Angle, and Point Roberts. The status of the", "id": "10873309" } ]

[ { "contents": "Salient (geography)\n\n\nA salient is an elongated protrusion of a geopolitical entity, such as a subnational entity or a sovereign state. While similar to a peninsula in shape, a salient is not surrounded by water on three sides. Instead, it has a land border on at least two sides and extends out from the larger geographical body of the administrative unit. In American English the term panhandle is often used to describe a relatively long and narrow salient, such as the westernmost extension of Oklahoma. Less common descriptors include chimney (if protruding northward", "id": "15451396" }, { "contents": "Salient (geography)\n\n\ninto account other considerations such as economic ties or topography. The following locations are salients in of nations. This definition includes the following counties: Bay, Calhoun, Escambia, Franklin, Gadsden, Gulf, Holmes, Jackson, Jefferson, Leon, Liberty, Madison, Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, Taylor, Wakulla, Walton, and Washington. Many people in the Pacific Northwest refer to the extreme northern section of Idaho's panhandle as \"The Chimney\", due to its resemblance to a chimney when viewed on maps. Although", "id": "15451398" }, { "contents": "Salient (geography)\n\n\n, as a chimney does from a roof, as with the northernmost extremity of West Virginia) and bootheel (if protruding southward, as the heel underneath a boot, such as the Missouri Bootheel). The term \"salient\" is derived from military salients. The term \"panhandle\" derives from the analogous part of a cooking pan, and its use is generally confined to the United States. The salient shape can be the result of arbitrarily drawn international or subnational boundaries, though the location of administrative borders can also take", "id": "15451397" }, { "contents": "Florida Panhandle\n\n\nThe Florida Panhandle (also West Florida and Northwest Florida) is the northwestern part of the U.S. state of Florida, is a strip of land roughly long and wide, lying between Alabama on the north and the west, Georgia on the north, and the Gulf of Mexico to the south. Its eastern boundary is arbitrarily defined. As is the case with the other eight U.S. states that have panhandles, the geographic meaning of the term is inexact and elastic. References to the Florida Panhandle always include the ten counties west of", "id": "21191638" }, { "contents": "Nebraska Panhandle\n\n\nThe Nebraska Panhandle is an area in the western part of the state of Nebraska and one of several U.S. state panhandles, or elongated geographical regions that extend from their main political entity. The Nebraska panhandle is two-thirds as broad as the rest of the state. It is approximately east to west and north to south. The Nebraska panhandle roughly encompasses the area in Nebraska between 102° and 104°W longitude and 41° and 43°N latitude. It comprises 11 counties with a combined land area of , or", "id": "19061706" }, { "contents": "Eastern Panhandle of West Virginia\n\n\nThe Eastern Panhandle is the eastern of the two panhandles in the U.S. state of West Virginia. It is a small stretch of territory in the northeast of the state, bordering Maryland and Virginia. Some sources and regional associations only identify the Eastern Panhandle as being composed of Morgan, Berkeley, and Jefferson Counties. Berkeley and Jefferson Counties are geographically located in the Shenandoah Valley. West Virginia is unusual in having two panhandles, the Eastern Panhandle and the Northern Panhandle. Berkeley, Hampshire, Hardy, Jefferson, and Morgan counties were", "id": "19061660" }, { "contents": "Salient (geography)\n\n\nUtah, like Nebraska, has a protrusion from its otherwise straight border, it is not usually considered a panhandle, as half of the Salt Lake City metropolitan area, the most populous region in the state and the home of the state's capital, is located in the region. Likewise, though New York has a southern protrusion that is more conspicuous than e.g. the Connecticut, Texas and Nebraska Panhandles, this is never considered a panhandle since it accommodates the most densely populated parts of the state. (In New York's", "id": "15451399" }, { "contents": "Escambia County, Florida\n\n\nmodern state boundaries. The Suwannee River was the border between them, which follows a winding path from the northern border of the state to the Gulf of Mexico. Essentially, the Escambia county government had jurisdiction over the \"panhandle\" and \"big bend\" areas and St. Johns over the remainder of the entire state. As population increased in the frontier territory, 21 counties were later organized from Escambia county directly or indirectly. They include Jackson (1821), Gadsden (created from Jackson)(1823), Leon (1824),", "id": "21309649" }, { "contents": "Escambia County, Florida\n\n\nWalton (1824), Washington (created from Jackson and Walton)(1825), Hamilton (1827), Jefferson (1827), Madison (created from Jefferson) (1827), Franklin (1832), Calhoun (1838), Santa Rosa (1842), Wakulla (created from Leon) (1843), Holmes (created from Jackson and Walton) (1848), Liberty (created from Gadsden) (1855), Lafayette and Taylor (created from Madison) (1856), Bay (created from Washington)", "id": "21309650" }, { "contents": "Panhandle, Texas\n\n\nPanhandle is the county seat of Carson County, Texas, United States. The population of the town was 2,452 at the 2010 census. Panhandle is part of the Amarillo metropolitan statistical area. Panhandle derives its name from its central location in the Texas Panhandle. Originally named \"Carson City\", it was later changed to \"Panhandle City\". In 1887, Panhandle obtained a post office, and in 1888 the town was planned as the terminus of the Panhandle and Santa Fe Railway. At that time the town was surrounded", "id": "10105425" }, { "contents": "Oklahoma Panhandle\n\n\nThe Oklahoma Panhandle is the extreme northwestern region of the U.S. state of Oklahoma, consisting of Cimarron County, Texas County and Beaver County, from west to east. As with other salients in the United States, its name comes from the similarity of its shape to the handle of a pan. The three-county Oklahoma Panhandle region had a population of 28,751 at the 2010 U.S. Census, representing 0.77% of the state's population. This is a decrease in total population of 1.2%, a loss of 361 people,", "id": "15853929" }, { "contents": "Marti Coley\n\n\nhusband to Marianna in 1985. Coley then began teaching at Malone High School, where she worked until 1989, at which point she joined the faculty of Chipola College. When her husband, State Representative David A. Coley, died, Marti Coley ran to succeed him in 2005 in the 7th District, which was based in the Florida Panhandle and included parts of Bay, Calhoun, Gadsden, Jackson, Leon, Liberty, Okaloosa, Wakulla, and Washington Counties. In a special election on June 14, 2005, Coley defeated", "id": "14735469" }, { "contents": "Alaska Peninsula\n\n\nThe Alaska Peninsula (also called Aleut Peninsula or Aleutian Peninsula) is a peninsula extending about to the southwest from the mainland of Alaska and ending in the Aleutian Islands. The peninsula separates the Pacific Ocean from Bristol Bay, an arm of the Bering Sea. In literature (especially Russian) the term ‘Alaska Peninsula’ was used to denote the entire northwestern protrusion of the North American continent, or all of what is now the state of Alaska, exclusive of its panhandle and islands. The Lake and Peninsula borough, the", "id": "10955928" }, { "contents": "Florida's 1st congressional district\n\n\nFlorida's 1st congressional district is a congressional district in the U.S. state of Florida, covering the state's western Panhandle. It includes all of Escambia, Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, and Walton counties and portions of Holmes county. The district is anchored in Pensacola and also includes the large military bedroom communities and tourist destinations of Navarre and Fort Walton Beach and stretches along the Emerald Coast. The district, as ranked by the Cook Partisan Voting Index, is the most Republican district in Florida and the 15th most in the United States", "id": "18827097" }, { "contents": "Florida Panhandle\n\n\nBay, fed by Econfina Creek. Pensacola Bay, a deepwater port, is formed by the joining of Escambia and East bays. The Gulf Intracoastal Waterway, completed in 1949, traverses the lower Panhandle by means of bays, lagoons, sounds, and man-made canals. The barrier islands of Perdido Key and Santa Rosa Island extend from the Pandhandle's western extremity to Fort Walton Beach. Interstate 10 is the only interstate highway in the Panhandle, connecting the extreme west with North Florida and Jacksonville. Other older east–", "id": "21191645" }, { "contents": "Pensacola Bay\n\n\nPensacola Bay is a bay located in the northwestern part of Florida, United States, known as the Florida Panhandle. The bay, an inlet of the Gulf of Mexico, is located in Escambia County and Santa Rosa County, adjacent to the city of Pensacola, Florida, and is about 13 miles (21 km) long and 2.5 miles (4 km) wide. The Pensacola Bay estuarine system including Escambia Bay, Pensacola Bay, Blackwater Bay, East Bay, and Santa Rosa Sound, and four rivers—the Escambia", "id": "13261668" }, { "contents": "Texas Panhandle\n\n\nThe Texas Panhandle is a region of the U.S. state of Texas consisting of the northernmost 26 counties in the state. The panhandle is a rectangular area bordered by New Mexico to the west and Oklahoma to the north and east. \"The Handbook of Texas\" defines the southern border of Swisher County as the southern boundary of the Texas Panhandle region. Its land area is , or nearly 10% of the state's total. The Texas Panhandle is slightly larger in size than the US state of West Virginia. An additional are", "id": "13769746" }, { "contents": "Effects of Hurricane Katrina in Florida\n\n\ncontrol facilities, public buildings, and recreation areas. The declaration was determined after the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) sent 20 State Emergency Response Teams to determine the extent of damage. After Hurricane Katrina struck the Gulf Coast, President Bush declared a disaster area for seven counties along the Florida panhandle on September 6; the counties were Bay, Escambia, Franklin, Gulf, Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, and Walton. In addition, Collier County in southwestern Florida was added to the list of disaster areas. In the two", "id": "12360696" }, { "contents": "Eastern Panhandle of West Virginia\n\n\n). Berkeley also includes the Panhandle's largest city, Martinsburg, with a 2010 census population of 17,227. The Eastern Panhandle is West Virginia's fastest-growing region in terms of population and housing. In July 2005, the United States Census Bureau released a list of the top 100 counties according to housing growth. Berkeley County grew 3.95 percent, from 36,365 housing units in 2003 to 37,802 units in 2004. That growth rate was 86th in the nation among the 3,143 United States counties. Jefferson County was not far behind", "id": "19061664" }, { "contents": "Florida Panhandle\n\n\naquarium in Fort Walton Beach, and the former Miracle Strip Amusement Park (1963–2004) in Panama City Beach. In 1971, the federal government acquired many acres of the coastal islands in Escambia, Santa Rosa, and Okaloosa counties, preserving them from commercial development by establishing the Gulf Islands National Seashore, which also covers some islands off the Mississippi coast. Other beach areas protected by the state of Florida include Both state and federal parks offer facilities for camping, picnicking, and other recreational pursuits. In addition, some parts of", "id": "21191659" }, { "contents": "Florida Panhandle\n\n\nthe Apalachicola River, a natural geographic boundary, which was the historic dividing line between the British colonies of West Florida and East Florida. These western counties also lie in the Central Time Zone (with the exception of Gulf County, which is divided between the Eastern and Central Time zones), while the rest of the state is in the Eastern Time Zone. References to the Panhandle \"may\" also include some or all of eight counties immediately east of the Apalachicola known as the Big Bend region, along the curve of", "id": "21191639" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\nand discourage panhandlers throughout the city, especially under unlawful circumstances including panhandling using children, aggression, false information and panhandling while loitering as prohibited by City Ordinances. Within the city of Opelika it is considered a misdemeanour to present false or misleading information while panhandling, and there are requirements for panhandlers to possess a panhandling permit. Threatening behaviours towards those solicited to are also considered misdemeanours and include; being too close, blocking the path of those approached, or panhandling in groups of two or more persons. Those previously charged with these", "id": "6576630" }, { "contents": "Effects of Hurricane Dennis in Florida\n\n\nwere directly killed while several others were killed indirectly, and total damage amounted to $1.5 billion (2005 USD). Directly after the storm, Bay, Dixie, Franklin, Gulf, Taylor, Wakulla and Walton counties were declared federal disaster areas. In the aftermath of the hurricane, president George W. Bush declared 13 counties–Bay, Calhoun, Escambia, Franklin, Gulf, Holmes, Jackson, Monroe, Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, Wakulla, Walton and Washington– in Florida as federal disaster areas. Applicants, including", "id": "8987936" }, { "contents": "Blackwater River (Florida)\n\n\nThe Blackwater River of Florida is a river rising in southern Alabama and flowing through the Florida Panhandle to the Gulf of Mexico. The river enters Florida in Okaloosa County and flows through Santa Rosa County to Blackwater Bay, an arm of Pensacola Bay. The river passes through Blackwater River State Forest and Blackwater River State Park. Milton, the county seat of Santa Rosa County, is located on the river. The Blackwater's sandy bottom, white beaches and large sandbars contrast with the dark tannic water that gives the river its name", "id": "15426373" }, { "contents": "Effects of Hurricane Dennis in Florida\n\n\nAlong the coast, severe beach erosion occurred as a result of the storm, mostly in Walton, Bay, Gulf, Franklin and Wakulla counties. As a result of the pounding surf, the Navarre pier was ripped apart in two places. Milton received of rain, which is the highest reported rainfall total in Florida caused by Dennis. Rainfall across the Florida Panhandle ranged from to , while rainfall across the central and southern portions of the state ranged from to near Tampa. In southern Leon County, flooding was reported with several", "id": "8987934" }, { "contents": "Florida Panhandle\n\n\n\". The \"Forgotten Coast\" is a trademarked term coined in the early 1990s used to refer to the coastal portion of the Florida Panhandle extending from Mexico Beach or southeastern Bay County on the Gulf of Mexico to St. Marks on Apalachee Bay. It is usually not considered a part of the Emerald Coast, which lies directly adjacent to the west. Coastal regions of the following counties (if not the entirety of the counties themselves) are usually included when referring to the Forgotten Coast: The Apalachicola River is the largest river", "id": "21191643" }, { "contents": "St. George Island (Florida)\n\n\nSt. George Island is an island off the Florida Panhandle in the northern Gulf of Mexico. It is in Franklin County, Florida, United States. St. George is a barrier island long and wide at its widest point. St. George Island is adjacent to Cape St. George Island, also known as Little St. George Island. It is connected to the mainland at Eastpoint, Florida by the long St. George Island Bridge over Apalachicola Bay. Nearby towns include Eastpoint, Carrabelle, and Apalachicola. St. George Island is informally divided into three", "id": "6700365" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\naggressive manner is illegal. Section 14-74 defines 'aggressive' as to include causing fear, following, touching, blocking or using threatening gestures in the process of panhandling. This carries a $25 fine and may include a term of imprisonment. While many laws targeting homeless populations are not new, there has been a shift in their focus. Prohibitions, including loitering and sleeping outdoors, have expanded to include strict panhandling restraints. These do not necessarily include complete bans, but can cover when, where and how panhandling", "id": "6576714" }, { "contents": "Texas Panhandle\n\n\nwas under 18 years of age. The 26 northernmost counties that make up the Texas Panhandle include: Major cities of the Texas Panhandle with populations greater than 10,000 include: Some of the smaller towns with populations less than 10,000 include: Much like the rest of West Texas and the Oklahoma Panhandle, the region is very politically and socially conservative. Following the pattern of other larger cities, Amarillo has the largest liberal population in the Panhandle. It was one of the first regions of the state to break away from its Democratic roots", "id": "13769752" }, { "contents": "Tropical Storm Barry (2001)\n\n\nwere issued for parts of Leon and Wakulla counties, while a flash flood watch was in effect for parts of southern Georgia. A tornado watch was issued for the eastern Florida Panhandle, southern Georgia, as well as portions of central and eastern Alabama. As Barry approached the Florida Panhandle, voluntary evacuations took place in eight counties. Shelters opened in six counties, though most were placed on standby. In parts of Franklin County, mandatory evacuations were ordered, and in Okaloosa County, tolls on the Mid-Bay Bridge were", "id": "11208828" }, { "contents": "Northern Panhandle of West Virginia\n\n\nby compromise in the 1780s. Today, due to the southern boundary being an extension of the Mason–Dixon line and the panhandle's proximity to the Pittsburgh area, the Northern Panhandle resembles more of the Midwestern United States or the Northeastern United States compared to the rest of the state (including the Eastern Panhandle of West Virginia), which is classified as part of the Upland South. In 2013, its northernmost two counties were included in the Pittsburgh consolidated area by the U.S. Census. The region has a total combined population", "id": "7663098" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\nmoney is not illegal and in fact, is protected by the Jackson city ordinance that prohibits panhandling. Similar legislation that prohibits begging is also in place in Mississippi's second largest city, Gulfport. In July 2012, Jackson City Councilman Quentin Whitwell proposed tripling existing fines and implementing longer jail sentences for panhandling in response to heightened community concern about aggressive panhandlers and an escalating panhandling \"epidemic\". However, this proposal was later rejected by the Jackson City Council amidst concerns from the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) of Mississippi that", "id": "6576794" }, { "contents": "Escambia Bay\n\n\nEscambia Bay is a bay located in Escambia and Santa Rosa counties, in the far western Florida Panhandle. The city of Pensacola is located on the western side, and the town of Milton is located on the northeastern end of the two-pronged bay. Both places are the county seats of the respective counties. Unusually, Escambia Bay is connected to open waters via Pensacola Bay to its southeast. It is fed primarily by the Escambia River. National Airlines Flight 193, a Boeing 727, crashed into Escambia Bay during a", "id": "13321403" }, { "contents": "West Virginia\n\n\nacross the border from the Pittsburgh metropolitan area, while Bluefield is less than from North Carolina. Huntington in the southwest is close to the states of Ohio and Kentucky, while Martinsburg and Harpers Ferry in the Eastern Panhandle region are considered part of the Washington metropolitan area, in between the states of Maryland and Virginia. The unique position of West Virginia means that it is often included in several geographical regions, including the Mid-Atlantic, the Upland South, and the Southeastern United States. It is the only state that is", "id": "14465678" }, { "contents": "George Gainer\n\n\nGeorge Gainer is an American politician who has served as a Republican member of the Florida Senate since 2016. He represents the 2nd district, encompassing Bay, Holmes, Jackson, Walton, Washington, and part of Okaloosa Counties, in the Florida Panhandle. He previously served as a Bay County commissioner, representing Tyndall AFB and other parts of southern Bay County, from 1968 to 1972 and 2002 to 2016. Gainer was born in Jackson County and attended Gulf Coast Community College. His career in the automobile business began in 1966 and", "id": "9161182" }, { "contents": "Northern Panhandle of West Virginia\n\n\nThe Northern Panhandle is the northern of the two panhandles in the U.S. state of West Virginia. It is a culturally and geographically distinct region of the state. It is the state's northernmost extension, bounded by Ohio and the Ohio River on the north and west and the state of Pennsylvania on the east. Its unusual configuration is the result of the Revolutionary-era claims of Virginia's former Yohogania County boundary lying along the Ohio River, conflicting with interpretations of the Colony of Pennsylvania's royal charter. The conflict was settled", "id": "7663097" }, { "contents": "Florida State Road 4\n\n\nState Road 4 (SR 4) is a two-lane state highway in Escambia, Santa Rosa, and Okaloosa counties in the western corner of the Florida Panhandle. It is signed east–west, but the road is slightly diagonal. The road runs from Century near the Alabama state line at an intersection with U.S. Highway 29 (US 29), to the farming community of Milligan at an intersection with US 90. The road cuts through the Blackwater River State Forest. It crosses the Escambia River, West Fork Big", "id": "16368801" }, { "contents": "Florida Panhandle\n\n\nWalton Beach, Destin and Panama City regularly give Republicans close to or over 70% margins in state and national elections. However, Tallahassee and Gadsden County tend to be strongly Democratic. In the 2008 Presidential election, John McCain received 421,287 votes (60.1%) in the Panhandle, while Barack Obama received 279,206 votes (39.9%). The following counties west of the Apalachicola River are \"always\" included in references to the Panhandle: Some or all of the following counties east of the Apalachicola, in the Big Bend", "id": "21191655" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\nmethods to stop panhandling. This has been developed in the mode of a myriad of pamphlets regarding available services for the homeless which can be printed off and distributed by businesses when they encounter persons panhandling or begging. Such services often report back to the Homeless Outreach Team in an attempt to reduce the prevalence of homelessness in the long-term. Persons encountering panhandlers and beggars in Kansas, if unable to politely refuse, are encouraged to contact 911. Many city and counties within the United States have enacted ordinances to limit or ban", "id": "6576742" }, { "contents": "1975 Atlantic hurricane season\n\n\neastern Louisiana. Once inland, the depression slowly weakened and re-curved northwestward on July 30 into Mississippi. Around that time, the depression dissipated. The remnants persisted at least until August 3, at which time it was situated over Arkansas. The tropical depression dropped heavy rainfall, with some areas of the Florida Panhandle experiencing more than of precipitation, with a maximum total of observed in DeFuniak Springs. Bay, Gulf, Holmes, Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, Wakulla, and Walton were hardest hit. Numerous roads were flooded", "id": "5467703" }, { "contents": "Franklin County, Florida\n\n\nFranklin County includes part of Tate's Hell State Forest. Bald Point State Park is nearby. The county's river's include the Carrabelle River and its tributaries the New River (Florida Panhandle) and Crooked River (Florida), visited by paddlers. The extreme eastern tip of the county is bordered by the Ochlockonee River. Also, St. James Island, while part of the mainland, is technically an island, being separated from the rest of Franklin County by rivers and an estuary. As of the census of 2000,", "id": "21309702" }, { "contents": "Euphorbia telephioides\n\n\nEuphorbia telephioides is a rare species of euphorb known by the common name Telephus spurge. It is endemic to Florida in the United States, where it is known only from three counties in the Panhandle. It is a federally listed threatened species of the United States. This spurge grows in coastal areas in Bay, Gulf, and Franklin Counties in Florida. It is present at about 38 known locations, with some locations newly discovered and some recently extirpated. The habitat is scrub and forest where it often grows alongside slash (\"", "id": "18648849" }, { "contents": "Choctawhatchee Bay\n\n\nChoctawhatchee Bay is a bay in the Emerald Coast region of the Florida Panhandle. The bay, located within Okaloosa and Walton counties, has a surface area of 129 mi (334 km). It is an inlet of the Gulf of Mexico, connected to it through East Pass (also known as Destin Pass). It also connects to Santa Rosa Sound in Fort Walton Beach, Florida to the west and to St. Andrews Bay in Bay County to the east, via the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway. East Pass is the only", "id": "12922504" }, { "contents": "Florida Panhandle\n\n\nApalachee Bay. Like North Central Florida, the Panhandle is more similar in culture and climate to the Deep South than to South Florida in the lower peninsula, being known for its conservative politics and \"piney woods.\" The largest city in the Panhandle is Tallahassee, the state capital, population 188,107 (2014). However, the largest population grouping is the Pensacola Metropolitan Area with a population of 474,081. The total population of the Panhandle, as of the 2010 Census, was 1,407,925, just under 7.5% of Florida", "id": "21191640" }, { "contents": "Aggressive panhandling\n\n\nsuch as near automated teller machines, in a restroom or near your car. This is considered aggressive panhandling and in Indiana it is against the law.\" Constitutional lawyers, including but not limited to the American Civil Liberties Union, have secured a series of court decisions confirming their view that the First Amendment of the United States Constitution protects activities which some local ordinances have attempted to proscribe as illegal panhandling. In response, many jurisdictions have responded by narrowing the definition of illegal panhandling. The generally accepted terminology is to denominate such", "id": "12928769" }, { "contents": "Effects of Hurricane Katrina in Florida\n\n\n. Winds along the Florida panhandle peaked at in Pensacola, with gusts to . High winds briefly closed the Interstate 10 bridge over Escambia Bay in Pensacola. The outer rainbands of the hurricane spawned five tornadoes, all of them weak and not very damaging. Rainfall along the panhandle reached in Philpot, which caused flooding. The winds caused damage to some trees and structures and there was some minor flooding in the panhandle. There were two indirect fatalities from Katrina in Walton County as a result of a traffic accident. Along the Florida", "id": "12360694" }, { "contents": "Florida Conference of Seventh-day Adventists\n\n\nFlorida Conference of Seventh-day Adventists is the organizational body of the Seventh-day Adventist Church for the state of Florida, United States. It is based in Altamonte Springs, Florida. In Spring 2014, the organization relocated from Winter Park, Florida. It is a subdivision of the Southern Union, which in turn is part of the North American Division, one of the 13 worldwide organizational Divisions of the Church. Its territory includes all of the State of Florida except the 10 westernmost panhandle counties: Bay, Calhoun,", "id": "2449992" }, { "contents": "Western short grasslands\n\n\nThe Western short grasslands is a temperate grassland ecoregion of the United States. This ecoregion largely corresponds with the geographical region known as the High Plains. It is located in eastern, northern, and central Montana, eastern Wyoming, western Nebraska (the Nebraska Panhandle), eastern Colorado, western Kansas, western Oklahoma (the Oklahoma Panhandle), eastern New Mexico, the Texas Panhandle and parts of west-central Texas and a very small portion of southwestern South Dakota. The Western short grasslands are characterised by a semi-arid", "id": "11982310" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\nDepartment in Virginia reportedly discouraged citizens from giving to panhandlers in the area, in that \"there's no telling what the cash will be used for\". While many are discouraging giving to panhandlers on motorways due to the context of 'risk', they also appear to portray an underlining negative bias and view of illegitimacy toward people who engage in panhandling. As police in some counties cannot directly arrest someone for begging, the Arlington Police Department note that they do arrest panhandlers for other offences for jaywalking and other traffic related", "id": "6576861" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\nother particular forms of panhandling including asking for money within 15 feet of an ATM or other location where money is dispensed, following someone to ask them for money, panhandling on private property such as going to someone's front door and asking for money, and panhandling in street traffic. The American Civil Liberties Union has raised numerous concerns over Omaha's previous and current panhandling ordinance as it was a violation of the First Amendment and entered negotiations with the City Attorney's Office about their unconstitutional ordinances. The City Council however did not", "id": "6576802" }, { "contents": "History of Pensacola, Florida\n\n\nPensacola and west from Saint Augustine. The riders met at the Indian village of Tallahassee, which was designated as the new territorial capital city. With the development of large cotton plantations, Florida's growing population was 50% enslaved African Americans. In the Panhandle, most slaves outside Pensacola were held by people in Tallahassee and in the plantation counties near the Georgia border, notably Jackson, Gadsden, Leon, and Jefferson. Near the coast, the soil had more sand and was less useful for plantation agriculture. On March 3", "id": "2371441" }, { "contents": "Macbridea alba\n\n\nMacbridea alba is a rare species of flowering plant in the mint family known by the common name white birds-in-a-nest. It is endemic to Florida in the United States, where it is found in four counties in the Florida Panhandle. It is threatened by the loss and degradation of its habitat, and it is federally listed as a threatened species of the United States. This plant grows in the counties of Gulf, Liberty, Franklin and Bay in Florida. There are just under 10,000 individuals in total", "id": "13276590" }, { "contents": "Idaho Panhandle\n\n\nThe Idaho Panhandle—locally known as North Idaho—is a region in the U.S. state of Idaho encompassing the state's 10 northernmost counties: Benewah, Bonner, Boundary, Clearwater, Idaho, Kootenai, Latah, Lewis, Nez Perce, and Shoshone (though the southern part of the region is sometimes referred to as North Central Idaho). The Panhandle is bordered by the state of Washington to the west, Montana to the east, and the Canadian province of British Columbia to the north. The Idaho panhandle, along", "id": "7517710" }, { "contents": "Florida Panhandle\n\n\nof fine quartz eroded from granite in the Appalachian Mountains. The sand is carried seaward by rivers and creeks and deposited by currents along the shore. The beach towns in the Panhandle, many of which play host to college students during spring break, are sometimes derisively called \"the Redneck Riviera\". The term was used as the title of a song by country music artist Tom T. Hall on his 1996 album \"Songs from Sopchoppy\". The album takes its name from a town in rural Wakulla County, near Tallahassee.", "id": "21191657" }, { "contents": "Liatris provincialis\n\n\nLiatris provincialis is a species of flowering plant in the aster family known by the common names Godfrey's blazing star and Godfrey's gayflower. It is endemic to Florida in the United States, where it is limited to Wakulla and Franklin Counties in the Panhandle. This perennial herb grows from a corm and reaches up to 90 centimeters tall. The leaves are linear to lance-shaped and up to 15 centimeters long near the base of the stem, becoming much smaller and narrower farther up the stem. The flower heads are arranged", "id": "8746836" }, { "contents": "1995 Atlantic hurricane season\n\n\nsevere damage in the panhandle. From Wakulla County westward, many structures including homes and buildings were swept away or suffered some degree of damage. In Escambia, Okaloosa, and Santa Rosa counties, nearly 300 homes were destroyed and 1,000 others suffered major damage. The storm left at least $2.1 billion in damage in Florida. In Alabama, storm surge ranging from left significant damage in coastal counties. Inland, tropical storm force winds gusts were observed as far north as Huntsville. Numerous trees and power lines were downed in several", "id": "18736850" }, { "contents": "Doug Broxson\n\n\nDouglas Vaughn \"Doug\" Broxson (born March 10, 1949) is an American politician who is a Republican member of the Florida Senate, representing the 1st district, which includes Escambia, Santa Rosa, and part of Okaloosa Counties in the Florida Panhandle, since 2016. He previously served in the Florida House of Representatives, representing northern Okaloosa County and Santa Rosa County from 2010 to 2016. On March 3, 2018, Broxson rejected a two-year moratorium on the sale of AR-15s. Broxson was born in Pensacola.", "id": "8705642" }, { "contents": "Galilee Panhandle\n\n\nThe Galilee Panhandle (, \"Etzba HaGalil\" (lit. \"Finger of the Galilee\"), is an elongated geopolitical area or \"panhandle\" in northern Israel comprising the northernmost section of the Upper Galilee held by Israel, and the northern Jordan Rift Valley. The Galilee Panhandle incorporates five municipal authorities. Towns in the Galilee Panhandle include Metula and Kiryat Shmona. The Galilee Panhandle is a narrow strip of land running from the Israel-Lebanon border in the far north to an imaginary line above the Hula Valley in the", "id": "15996103" }, { "contents": "Choctawhatchee River\n\n\nfigure in the Florida Panhandle and was highly respected by whites. Following the United States' acquisition of this territory in 1821 from Spain, European Americans entered the panhandle in greater numbers, encroaching on Euchee and Creek territory. In 1814 Andrew Jackson built a stockade called the \"Block House\" at the confluence of the East and West forks of the Chocktawhatchee, near Newton. European-American settlers also used the river in their time, from the years of the earliest land patents around Geneva (1841) until the late 1930s", "id": "18651850" }, { "contents": "Florida's Hazelhurst terrace and shoreline\n\n\nthe mapping by the Florida Geological Survey's terraces and shorelines as a geological marker for marine presence. The Hazelhurst exists in many Florida panhandle counties west to east. What would be Gadsden and Liberty County, Florida in particular had a very large landmass not only created by rising and lowering sea levels, but from depositions from the Apalachicola River on Gadsden's west side. This high ground is within the Tifton/Tallahassee Uplands. Other counties with substantial landmass are Escambia (Perdido River), Santa Rosa (Black River),", "id": "3977543" }, { "contents": "Geography of Florida\n\n\nMuch of the state of Florida is situated on a peninsula between the Gulf of Mexico, the Atlantic Ocean, and the Straits of Florida. Spanning two time zones, it extends to the northwest into a panhandle along the northern Gulf of Mexico. It is bordered on the north by the states of Georgia and Alabama, and on the west, at the end of the panhandle, by Alabama. It is near The Bahamas and several Caribbean countries, particularly Cuba. Florida has 131 public airports, and more than 700 private", "id": "17334477" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 90\n\n\nEscambia bridge between Santa Rosa and Escambia counties. The highway's route continues to the north of I-10 as a two-lane highway through most of the sparsely-populated inland areas of the panhandle, becoming four lanes through and near several towns. In Gadsden County, US 90 cuts to the southeast toward downtown Tallahassee, where it passes the north entrance of Florida State University and expands to six lanes until its intersection with US 27. The portion of the highway that extends through Midway has been designated as the Alfred Lawson,", "id": "4020282" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\npanhandling from busy streets by encouraging citizens to donate money to not-for-profit shelters and food banks, rather than directly donating to panhandling persons. In 2012, Allegany County imposed narrow restrictions on panhandling, allowing only one day permit per person per year for roadside solicitations. Other areas of Maryland with similar permit provisions include Cecil, Frederick and Baltimore counties. In 2012, certain panhandling ordinances within Frederick County revived First Amendment debates after undercover police officers donated money to begging persons and subsequently arrested them on panhandling charges. Frederick", "id": "6576759" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\nmisdemeanour) could increase this penalty to a maximum fine of $500 and/or up to 6 months in jail. While the Tennessee Code is written in very broad and general terms, several city ordinances, most of which were enacted before the Tennessee Code, provide specific restraints on the actions of panhandlers. The Memphis Code of Ordinances contains a very lengthy and detailed section (§ 6-56) on panhandling. Under this section, panhandling is prohibited within a specified zone of Downtown Memphis and is generally prohibited between the hours of", "id": "6576834" }, { "contents": "Texas's 13th congressional district\n\n\nTexas District 13 of the United States House of Representatives is a Congressional District of the U.S. state of Texas that includes most of the Texas Panhandle, parts of Texoma and northeastern parts of North Texas. It winds across the Panhandle into the South Plains, then runs east across the Red River Valley. Covering over , it is the second-largest district geographically in Texas and larger in area than thirteen entire states. The principal cities in the district are Amarillo and Wichita Falls. The current Representative is Republican Mac Thornberry. According", "id": "3400568" }, { "contents": "Gulf Coastal Plain\n\n\nThe Gulf Coastal Plain extends around the Gulf of Mexico in the Southern United States and eastern Mexico. The plain reaches from the Florida Panhandle, southwest Georgia, the southern two-thirds of Alabama, over most of Mississippi, western Tennessee and Kentucky, into southern Illinois, the Missouri Bootheel, eastern and southern Arkansas, all of Louisiana, the southeast corner of Oklahoma, and easternmost Texas in the United States. It continues along the Gulf in northeastern and eastern Mexico, through Tamaulipas and Veracruz to Tabasco and the Yucatán Peninsula", "id": "14786658" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\nis the use of public or city owned space to sleep or to protect one's personal belongings. For example, the use of a tent underneath a bridge in order to serve as a living space is prohibited. Action towards panhandling has also been seen from the government. Many downtown cities around the United States have tried to combat panhandlers by prohibiting panhandling at certain locations as well as restricting the time periods that it is allowed. In Georgia, Atlanta was proactive with this idea by banning panhandling in what is known as the", "id": "6576710" }, { "contents": "Smooth softshell turtle\n\n\nThe smooth softshell turtle (\"Apalone mutica\") is a species of softshell turtle of the family Trionychidae. The species is endemic to North America. \"A. mutica\" is native to North America. It is distributed throughout the central and southcentral United States as its geographic range extends from western Pennsylvania to New Mexico and south to the Florida panhandle. Smooth softshells turtles inhabit the Mississippi River drainage from Louisiana up to North Dakota and Pennsylvania, as well as the Colorado, Brazos, Sabine, and Pearl, Alabama and Escambia", "id": "3718421" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\ncontrol of panhandling, there is a variety of methods used across the state depending on the issues in each city. Many cities such as Mobile, Alabama have introduced a set of ordinances to prohibit panhandling in the \"Downtown Visitors Domain\" area, as well regulations for panhandlers in the rest of the city including disallowing; panhandling at night, physical contact while panhandling, panhandling in groups, and approaching those in queues or traffic. These ordinances are an improvement on the previously vague prohibition of \"begging\". For those soliciting", "id": "6576626" }, { "contents": "Southeast Alaska\n\n\nSoutheast Alaska, colloquially referred to as the Alaska Panhandle or Alaskan Panhandle, is the southeastern portion of the U.S. state of Alaska, bordered to the east by the northern half of the Canadian province of British Columbia. The majority of Southeast Alaska's area is part of the Tongass National Forest, the United States' largest national forest. In many places, the international border runs along the crest of the Boundary Ranges of the Coast Mountains (see Alaska boundary dispute). The region is noted for its scenery and mild rainy", "id": "2599514" }, { "contents": "Panhandle hook\n\n\nA panhandle hook storm has its origins as a strong shortwave low pressure system which traverses the base of a long-wave low pressure trough while geographically coincident with the southwestern United States. Such systems ubiquitously develop a surface low-pressure system in the northwestern Texas and western Oklahoma area (as an eddy effect interaction of the topography of the Rocky Mountains in relation to the jet stream) with associated warm front and cold front, with attending snow to the northwest of the low and severe thunderstorms to the southeast -- the \"hook", "id": "11032666" }, { "contents": "Aggressive panhandling\n\n\nactivity as aggressive panhandling. In 1991 and 1992, federal courts overturned New York and California state laws that made aggressive panhandling illegal. It was observed that \"Groups and individuals all over the United States engage in highly public fundraising for all sorts of causes and charities.\" Restrictions defining solicitation or panhandling as aggressive regard both manner and context. A typical ordinance is one from Longview, Washington: 9.23.030 Place of panhandling – Violation. It shall be unlawful for any person to panhandle when the person solicited is in any of the", "id": "12928770" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\n\"tourist triangle\" in August 2005. Another ban prohibited panhandling within 15 feet of common public places such as ATM's and train stations. Violations are punished with either a fine or imprisonment. In 2012 the city of Atlanta created an anti-panhandling law which criminalizes aggressive panhandling. Aggressive panhandling is defined as any form of gestures or intense intervention for the sake of retrieving monetary substance. This includes blocking the path of a bystander, following a bystander, using harsh language directed at a bystander, or any other indications that", "id": "6576711" }, { "contents": "List of geographical regions in Texas\n\n\nTexas is the second-largest state in the United States, with an area of and a population of 27.47 million in 254 counties. This covers an area wide by long. Due to its location and size, it is a part of a large number of unique geological regions, including the piney woods of East Texas, the plains in the Panhandle, the mountains in far West Texas, and hundreds of miles of coastline. There are several different methods used to describe the geographic and geological differences within the state, and", "id": "8963969" }, { "contents": "Spanish language in the United States\n\n\n(both Americans and other immigrant Europeans). After the Mexican War of Independence from Spain, California, Nevada, Arizona, Utah, western Colorado and southwestern Wyoming also became part of the Mexican territory of Alta California. Most of New Mexico, western Texas, southern Colorado, southwestern Kansas, and the Oklahoma panhandle were part of the territory of Santa Fe de Nuevo México. The geographical isolation and unique political history of this territory led to New Mexican Spanish differing notably from both Spanish spoken in other parts of the United States", "id": "16767467" }, { "contents": "Florida Panhandle\n\n\n's total population as recorded in the same census. \"Emerald Coast\", a term coined in 1983, refers in general to the beaches and coastal resorts from Pensacola to Port St. Joe, but is sometimes used to refer, by extension, to the Panhandle as a whole, especially west of the Apalachicola. Earlier designations include \"Playground of the Gulfcoast\" and the \"Miracle Strip\", especially for the area between Fort Walton Beach and Panama City. Coastal regions of the following counties (if not the entirety of", "id": "21191641" }, { "contents": "Oklahoma Panhandle\n\n\nthe Panhandle traces its origins as being part of the Spanish New Spain empire. The Transcontinental Treaty (Adams–Onís Treaty) of 1819 between Spain and the United States set the western boundary of this portion of the Louisiana Purchase at the 100th meridian. With Mexican independence in 1821, these lands became part of Mexico. With the formation of the Texas Republic, they became part of Texas. When Texas joined the U.S. in 1846, the strip became part of the United States. The Cimarron Cutoff for the Santa Fe Trail", "id": "15853934" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\non panhandling and vending at all highway intersections was proposed in 2001, but was later revised to apply only to Charles County. In 2006, the Anne Arundel County Council enacted a ban on panhandling by children under 18 years old. In April 2007, the Maryland General Assembly passed a bill banning panhandling beside and on Anne Arundel County roadways, as well as prohibiting the display of political signs or advertising messages on any public roadways. The American Civil Liberties Union have consistently opposed solicitation bans, due to concerns that legislation may hinder", "id": "6576757" }, { "contents": "Connecticut panhandle\n\n\nThe Connecticut Panhandle is the southwestern appendage of Connecticut, where it abuts New York State. It is contained entirely in Fairfield County and includes all of Greenwich, Stamford, New Canaan, and Darien, as well as parts of Norwalk and Wilton. It has some of the most expensive residential real estate in the United States. The irregularity in the boundary is the result of territorial disputes in the late 17th century, culminating with New York giving up its claim to this area, whose residents considered themselves part of Connecticut. In", "id": "1465841" }, { "contents": "Gulf Coast of the United States\n\n\nrivers, the largest of which is the Mississippi River. Much of the land along the Gulf Coast is, or was, marshland. Ringing the Gulf Coast is the Gulf Coastal Plain which reaches from Southern Texas to the western Florida Panhandle while the western portions of the Gulf Coast are made up of many barrier islands and peninsulas, including the Padre Island and Galveston Island located in the U.S. State of Texas. These landforms protect numerous bays and inlets providing as a barrier to oncoming waves. The central part of the Gulf Coast", "id": "11618304" }, { "contents": "Tallahassee, Florida\n\n\nOceanic and Atmospheric Administration maintains a National Weather Service in Tallahassee. Their coverage-warning area includes the eastern Florida Panhandle and adjacent Gulf of Mexico waters, the north-central Florida peninsula, and parts of southeastern Alabama and southwestern Georgia. The United States Army Reserve 81st Regional Support Command (USAR) opened an Army Reserve Center at 4307 Jackson Bluff Road. The Naval and Marine Corps Reserve Center (NMCRC) is at 2910 Roberts Avenue host the United States Navy Reserve Navy Operational Support Center Tallahassee (NOSC Tallahassee) and the", "id": "12569798" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\ndonations for charitable organizations, a permit must be obtained for the fundraising operation to be exempt from panhandling ordinances. Panhandling in the Downtown Visitors Domain may result in fines and jail sentences for those involved. Another effort to limit panhandling in Mobile is an initiative using donation meters through which people can donate money to approved charities in attempts to resolve the necessity of panhandling by providing disadvantaged citizens with resources. This method attempts to lessen the recurring arrest and release of the publicly intoxicated, who are often homeless or vagrant and participate in panhandling", "id": "6576627" }, { "contents": "History of Pennsylvania\n\n\na new state constitution in 1790; the constitution replaced the executive council with a governor and a bicameral legislature. Pennsylvania's borders took definitive shape in the decades before and after the Revolutionary War. The Mason–Dixon line established the borders between Pennsylvania and Maryland, and was later extended to serve as the border between Pennsylvania and Virginia (except for what is now West Virginia's northern panhandle). Although some settlers proposed the creation of the state of Westsylvania in the area that now contains Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania retained control of the", "id": "8703019" }, { "contents": "Madison County, Florida\n\n\nMadison County is a county located in the state of Florida, in the center of its northern border with Georgia. As of the 2010 census, the population was 19,224. Its county seat is also called Madison. As of August 28, 2012, Madison became a wet county, meaning that voters had approved the legal sale, possession, or distribution of alcoholic beverages. Located in what is known as the Florida Panhandle, Madison County was created in 1827. It was named for James Madison, fourth President of the United", "id": "21742211" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\nKentucky Supreme Court. In contrast, the city of Ashland, Kentucky has not come under scrutiny as their ordinance is less comprehensive and therefore less likely to impede individuals rights. However, recently the ordinance was amended to further crack down on the act of panhandling, adding an amendment to stop panhandlers from walking out into traffic, in an attempt to keep both beggars and the public safe. Panhandling laws are often controversial as they are generally welcomed by the public, who can feel harassed. However, it is also argued that", "id": "6576745" }, { "contents": "Florida's 1st congressional district\n\n\n. The district is currently represented by Republican Matt Gaetz. The district encompasses the western part of the Florida Panhandle, in the extreme western portion of the state, stretching from Pensacola and the Alabama border east to include Walton, Holmes, and Washington counties. Most of the territory now in the 1st District had been the 3rd District from 1903 to 1963; however, it has been numbered as the 1st District since then. It cast aside its Democratic roots far sooner than most of the other areas of the state. It", "id": "18827098" }, { "contents": "Northwest Florida Water Management District\n\n\nThe Northwest Florida Water Management District (NWFWMD) stretches from the St. Marks River Basin in Jefferson County to the Perdido River in Escambia County. The District is one of five water management districts in Florida created by the Water Resources Act of 1972. The District has worked for decades to protect and manage water resources in a sustainable manner for the continued welfare of people and natural systems across its 16-county region. It serves Bay, Calhoun, Escambia, Franklin, Gadsden, Gulf, Holmes, Jackson, Leon, Liberty, Okaloosa", "id": "20958691" }, { "contents": "List of peninsulas\n\n\nof southern France. Scandinavia is a peninsula and along with other islands encompassing present-day Sweden, Norway, and part of Finland. Florida is a well-known example of a large peninsula, with its land area divided between the larger Florida peninsula and the smaller Florida panhandle on the north and west. It has several smaller peninsulas within it: Michigan – the only bi-peninsular state – is very distinguishable for its mitten-shaped Lower Peninsula of Michigan which includes: The rifle-shaped Upper Peninsula of Michigan contains", "id": "3528823" }, { "contents": "State of Mexico\n\n\nof Hidalgo, Guerrero and Morelos. These territorial separations have left the state with the size and shape it has today, with the Toluca Valley to the west of Mexico City and a panhandle that extends around the north and east of this entity. The state name is simply \"México\" according to the 1917 Constitution of the United Mexican States, but to distinguish it from both the city and the country it is most often called \"Estado de México\". The demonym used to refer to people and things from the state", "id": "5266359" }, { "contents": "Pensacola, Florida\n\n\nPensacola () is the westernmost city in the Florida Panhandle, approximately from the border with Alabama, and the county seat of Escambia County, in the U.S. state of Florida. As of the 2010 census, the city had a total population of 51,923, down from 56,255 at the 2000 census. Pensacola is the principal city of the Pensacola metropolitan area, which had an estimated 494,883 residents . Pensacola is the site of the first Spanish settlement within the borders of the continental United States in 1559, predating the establishment of St.", "id": "18287772" }, { "contents": "Exit poll\n\n\nstate. In the 2000 US presidential election it was alleged that media organizations released exit poll results for Florida before the polls closed in the Republican-leaning counties of the panhandle, as part of the westernmost area of the state is one hour behind the main peninsula. A study by economist John Lott found an \"unusual\" decline in Panhandle voter turnout compared to previous elections, and that the networks' early call of Florida for Democrat Al Gore may have depressed Republican turnout in other states where the polls remained open. Some", "id": "8813323" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\n. An important concern for those in Alabama's capital city, Montgomery, is those who travel from other cities to panhandle, with a police report from November 2016 showing that most panhandlers in the area had travelled to the city for the purposes of begging. In the city of Daphne, panhandling is prohibited within 25 feet of public roadways and violators are subject to fines, while the cities of Gardendale and Vestavia Hills prevent all forms of panhandling on private and public property. The city of Tuscaloosa prohibits all aggressive panhandling, as", "id": "6576628" }, { "contents": "Wiregrass Region\n\n\nThe Wiregrass Region—or Wiregrass Country—is an area of the Southern United States encompassing parts of southern Georgia, southeastern Alabama, and the Florida Panhandle. The region is named for the native \"Aristida stricta\", commonly known as wiregrass due to its texture. The region stretches approximately from just below Macon, Georgia and follows the Fall Line west to Montgomery, Alabama. From there it turns south and runs to approximately Washington County, Florida in the northern panhandle. From there it runs east, roughly making its southern", "id": "654692" }, { "contents": "Tropical Depression Six (1975)\n\n\ncurved northeastward on July 30 into Mississippi, shortly before degenerating into a remnant low pressure area. The remnants moved through northern Louisiana and Arkansas until dissipating on August 3. The tropical depression dropped heavy rainfall, with some areas of the Florida Panhandle experiencing more than of precipitation. Rainfall from the depression contributed significantly toward making it the wettest July in the Florida Panhandle since 1923. Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, and Walton counties were hardest hit by flooding. Numerous roads were flooded and closed, with $3.2 million (1975 USD)", "id": "8068348" }, { "contents": "Florida Panhandle\n\n\nhas never been a producer of citrus crops because the area is subject to regular frosts and freezes in wintertime, which destroy citrus fruits. The following institutions of higher learning are located in the Panhandle. State University System: Florida College System: Religiously affiliated: The politics of the Florida Panhandle vary considerably depending on location. The western Panhandle, particularly the Emerald Coast, was one of the earliest areas to shake off its Yellow Dog Democrat roots, and since the 1990s has become the Republican area of Florida. Pensacola, Fort", "id": "21191654" }, { "contents": "Cuphea aspera\n\n\nCuphea aspera is a species of flowering plant in the loosestrife family known by the common names tropical waxweed and Chapman's waxweed. It is endemic to Florida in the United States, where it is limited to Gulf and Franklin Counties on the central Florida Panhandle. It has likely been extirpated from Calhoun County. This perennial herb grows up to about 40 centimeters tall from a woody, branching rootstock. The stems are coated in white hairs and purplish glandular hairs. The oppositely arranged or whorled leaves are each up to 2.5 centimeters long", "id": "4965520" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\nasking for donations, as well as actions and behaviours requesting donations within a public space. The idea has been quite contentious. Some media reports reflect calls for increased enforcement of laws against panhandlers, and others report that the ban on panhandling in public spaces is against the civil liberties of individuals, and unconstitutional as it infringes on the First Amendment. In regards to the permit proposal, community opinion was split, with some calling strongly for the implementation of a $25 permit that would need to be carried by panhandlers. The", "id": "6576859" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\n), 2,817 are veterans, and an estimated 5,615 are individuals experiencing chronic homelessness. Panhandling and Begging For 2016, the US Census Bureau reported that there were 3,116,886 people in poverty in Florida, or 15.7% of the state's population. 22.8% of them are children. Begging and panhandling are often a consequence of pervasive poverty due to the need to source money. When focusing on the laws against begging and panhandling it is important to begin with the fact that people become beggars and panhandlers for various reasons. They could", "id": "6576695" }, { "contents": "Homelessness in the United States by state\n\n\n7pm and 8am. Similar to the Nashville ordinance, the Memphis ordinance also expressly states areas where panhandling is prohibited including, but not limited to, within 25-feet of any religious assembly, within 50-feet of any entrance or exit from a bank/ATM machine and in any public transportation vehicle. In October 2016, the Memphis City Council voted to extend the ban on panhandling to between 5pm and 10am and to also extend the areas that panhandling is prohibited. Councillor Philip Spinosa Jr. declared that this extension entirely relates", "id": "6576835" }, { "contents": "Border irregularities of the United States\n\n\nBorder irregularities of the United States, particularly panhandles and highway incursions into other jurisdictions, are shown here. Often they are a result of borders which do not conform to geological features. There are several exclaves between the United States and Canada, including the entire state of Alaska (though the state can still be accessed by sea from the United States, except the small settlement Hyder which is only accessible by road from British Columbia). Other exclaves include Akwesasne, the Northwest Angle, and Point Roberts. The status of the", "id": "10873309" } ]

[ { "contents": "Mississippi Delta National Heritage Area\n\n\nMississippi Delta National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area that seeks to preserve and promote the landscape, culture and history of the Mississippi Delta in the northwestern portion of the U.S. state of Mississippi. The region is famous for blues music and a unique culture that has had broad influence on music and literature, both in the United States and worldwide. The national heritage area comprises Bolivar, Carroll, Coahoma, Desoto, Holmes, Humphreys, Issaquena, Leflore, Panola, Quitman, Sharkey, Tallahatchie, Tate, Tunica", "id": "16296069" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta\n\n\nyears. The land is flat and contains some of the most fertile soil in the world. It is two hundred miles long and seventy miles across at its widest point, encompassing approximately 4,415,000 acres, or, some 7,000 square miles of alluvial floodplain. On the east, it is bounded by bluffs extending beyond the Yazoo River. It includes all or part of the following counties: Washington, Western DeSoto, Humphreys, Carroll, Issaquena, Western Panola, Quitman, Bolivar, Coahoma, Leflore, Sunflower, Sharkey, Tate", "id": "15159893" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta Community College\n\n\nof Mississippi in April 1928. The name was changed to Mississippi Delta Junior College in 1960 and to Mississippi Delta Community College in 1989. The official service area of the college includes Bolivar, Humphreys, Issaquena, Leflore, Sharkey, Sunflower, and Washington counties. Coahoma County was originally in the college's service area, but the Mississippi Legislature removed it effective July 1, 1995, and it is now served by the Coahoma Community College. The main campus is located in Moorhead, Mississippi. Stauffer-Wood Administration Building houses", "id": "21307039" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Gulf Coast National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Mississippi Gulf Coast National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area along the Gulf coast of Mississippi. The designated area comprises six counties recognized for their unique cultural and scenic qualities. The National Heritage Area designation provides a unified marketing and promotional framework for the region. The National Heritage Area comprises Pearl River, Stone, George, Hancock, Harrison and Jackson counties. It includes the Mississippi portion of Gulf Islands National Seashore. The area was devastated by Hurricane Katrina in 2005. Much of the national heritage area's efforts", "id": "16361240" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Hills National Heritage Area\n\n\nMississippi Hills National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the northeastern portion of the U.S. state of Mississippi. The designation commemorates the region's impact on American culture and its role in the American Civil War and the American civil rights movement. The national heritage area designation provides a unified marketing and promotion framework for the area. The national heritage area covers all of Marshall, Benton, Tippah, Alcorn, Tishomingo, Lafayette, Union, Pontotoc, Lee, Itawamba, Calhoun, Chickasaw and Monroe counties, and those", "id": "17388610" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River floods of 2019\n\n\nwith some inundated by 15 feet of water. The Yazoo Backwater Area in the Mississippi Delta north of Vicksburg, Mississippi, experienced both record flood stages and record duration of flooding during the winter, spring, and summer of 2019. Portions of Warren, Issaquena, Sharkey, Yazoo, Humphreys, and Washington Counties were flooded. Almost half of the land area of Issaquena and Sharkey Counties experienced flooding. In late May, flood waters covered over 860 square miles (550,000 acres or 220,000 hectares), including about 390 square miles", "id": "13577492" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta\n\n\n, Tunica, Tallahatchie, Western Holmes, Western Yazoo, Western Grenada and Warren. Lexington is also part of the delta. The shifting river delta at the mouth of the Mississippi on the Gulf Coast lies some 300 miles south of this area, and is referred to as the Mississippi River Delta. The two should not be confused. Chinese began settling in Bolivar County and other Delta counties as plantation workers in the 1870s, though most Delta Chinese families migrated to the state between the 1900s and 1930s. Most Chinese immigrants worked", "id": "15159894" }, { "contents": "George W. Gayles\n\n\n1882, and then again in 1884 and 1886. In the House, he represented the 28th district, which included Bolivar, Coahoma, and Quitman County.In the Senate, he represented the ninth district, including Bolivar, Calhoun, and Sunflower counties. He was also chairman of the Third district Republican Convention in 1886 in Mississippi consisting of Bolivar, Coahoma, Issaquena, Leflore, Sunflower, Sharkey, Tunica, Quitman, Washington, and Warren counties. He was the only black state senator in Mississippi during his terms and", "id": "20783617" }, { "contents": "Coahoma County, Mississippi\n\n\nCoahoma County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 26,151. Its county seat is Clarksdale. The Clarksdale, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area includes all of Coahoma County. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region of Mississippi. Coahoma County was established February 9, 1836, and is located in the northwestern part of the state in the fertile Yazoo Delta region. The name \"Coahoma\" is a Choctaw word meaning \"red panther.\" The act creating the county", "id": "10611425" }, { "contents": "Delta Regional Authority\n\n\nMississippi; Jefferson Davis County, Mississippi; Lawrence County, Mississippi; Leflore County, Mississippi; Lafayette County, Mississippi; Madison County, Mississippi; Marion County, Mississippi; Lincoln County, Mississippi; Montgomery County, Mississippi; Panola County, Mississippi; Marshall County, Mississippi; Quitman County, Mississippi; Rankin County, Mississippi; Pike County, Mississippi; Smith County, Mississippi; Sunflower County, Mississippi; Sharkey County, Mississippi; Simpson County, Mississippi; Tippah County, Mississippi; Tallahatchie County, Mississippi; Tate County", "id": "11170384" }, { "contents": "Delta Regional Authority\n\n\nLouisiana; Winn Parish, Louisiana Mississippi Adams County, Mississippi; Amite County, Mississippi; Attala County, Mississippi; Benton County, Mississippi; Bolivar County, Mississippi; Carroll County, Mississippi; Claiborne County, Mississippi; Coahoma County, Mississippi; Copiah County, Mississippi; Covington County, Mississippi; DeSoto County, Mississippi; Franklin County, Mississippi; Grenada County, Mississippi; Hinds County, Mississippi; Holmes County, Mississippi; Humphreys County, Mississippi; Issaquena County, Mississippi; Jasper County, Mississippi; Jefferson County,", "id": "11170383" }, { "contents": "South Park National Heritage Area\n\n\nSouth Park National Heritage Area is a U.S. National Heritage Area encompassing the South Park of Colorado. Established on March 30, 2009 by the Omnibus Public Land Management Act of 2009 (§7002), the South Park NHA is managed by the Park County, Colorado Office of Tourism to promote and interpret the area's natural, scenic, and cultural resources. The National Heritage Area designation funds promotion of the area's mining, recreation, and ranching heritage. The National Heritage Area covers the majority of Park County, including the", "id": "8157140" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Civil Rights Museum\n\n\n2017, the Mississippi Department of Archives and History brought in Pam Junior as the new museum Director. Junior came from the Smith Robertson Museum and Cultural Center in Jackson, where she had been manager since 1999. Junior is a member of the board of directors for the Mississippi Delta National Heritage Area and Mississippi Book Festival and a co-founder of the Mississippi Black Theater Festival The museum hired Hilferty & Associates to design exhibits for the museum, which were fabricated by Exhibit Concepts. Monadnock Media designed the audio portions of the exhibits", "id": "6914076" }, { "contents": "Leflore County, Mississippi\n\n\nLeflore County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 32,317. The county seat is Greenwood. The county is named for Choctaw leader Greenwood LeFlore, who signed a treaty to cede his people's land to the United States in exchange for land in Indian Territory. LeFlore stayed in Mississippi, settling on land reserved for him in Tallahatchie County. Leflore County is part of the Greenwood, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region, with", "id": "10611085" }, { "contents": "Tallahatchie County, Mississippi\n\n\nTallahatchie County is a county in the U.S. state of Mississippi. At the 2010 census, the population was 15,378. Its county seats are Charleston and Sumner. Tallahatchie County is located in the Mississippi Delta region, divided by the Tallahatchie River which runs from north to south through the county before joining what becomes the Yazoo River in LeFlore County. The county was founded on December 31, 1833 after most of the Choctaw Nation was forced out under Indian Removal. Tallahatchie is a Choctaw name meaning \"rock of waters\". The", "id": "10555589" }, { "contents": "National Coal Heritage Area\n\n\nThe National Coal Heritage Area (NCHA) is a federally designated region of thirteen counties in West Virginia that were the source of \"smokeless\" bituminous coal through much of the 20th century. The National Heritage Area recognizes the area's cultural and historic qualities and serves to promote tourism, historic preservation and economic development in the region. The idea of the NCHA was first proposed in the early 1990s by Congressman Nick Rahall, and was established on November 12, 1996 by the 1996 Omnibus Parks and Public Lands Management Act. The", "id": "8963174" }, { "contents": "Muscle Shoals National Heritage Area\n\n\nMuscle Shoals National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the northwestern portion of the U.S. state of Alabama. It is centered on the portion of the Tennessee River around Muscle Shoals and interprets the region's history and culture. Muscle Shoals National Heritage Area comprises Lauderdale, Limestone, Colbert, Franklin, Lawrence and Morgan counties. Significant features of the heritage area include Wheeler Dam, Wilson Dam, Ivy Green, Rosenbaum House, Barton Hall and the northern end of the Natchez Trace. Muscle Shoals National Heritage Area was", "id": "16977602" }, { "contents": "Deer Creek (Mississippi)\n\n\nDeer Creek (also Issaquena Creek or Lower Deer Creek) is a creek in the U.S. state of Mississippi. Its source is Lake Bolivar, in Scott, Bolivar County, Mississippi. As Deer Creek flows south through the Mississippi Delta, it passes through the following counties: Bolivar, Washington, Sharkey, Issaquena, and Warren; and through the following communities: Metcalfe, Stoneville, Leland, Burdett, Arcola, Hollandale, Panther Burn, Nitta Yuma, Anguilla, Rolling Fork, Cary, Onward, and Valley Park.", "id": "1520113" }, { "contents": "Money, Mississippi\n\n\nMoney is an unincorporated Mississippi Delta community near Greenwood in Leflore County, Mississippi, United States. It has fewer than 100 residents, down from 400 in the early 1950s when a cotton mill operated there. Money is located on a railroad line along the Tallahatchie River, a tributary of the Yazoo River in the eastern part of the Mississippi Delta. The community has ZIP code 38945 in the Greenwood, Mississippi micropolitan area. Money is the site of the 1955 lynching of 14-year-old Emmett Till by white men, an event", "id": "15040548" }, { "contents": "Sharkey County, Mississippi\n\n\nSharkey County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. Part of the western border is formed by the Yazoo River. According to the 2010 census, the population was 4,916, making it the second-least populous county in Mississippi. Its county seat is Rolling Fork. The county is named after William L. Sharkey, the provisional Governor of Mississippi in 1865. Sharkey County is located in the Mississippi Delta region. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of , of which is land", "id": "10555635" }, { "contents": "Oil Region National Heritage Area\n\n\nOil Region National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the northwestern portion of the U.S. state of Pennsylvania. The national heritage area commemorates and promotes the region surrounding Edwin Drake's oil well of 1859 near Titusville, which gave rise to the modern oil industry. The national heritage area includes all of Venango County and a portion of Crawford County, including Titusville and Oil Creek Township The Oil Region National Heritage Area was established by Public Law 108-447 in 2004. It is administered by the Oil Region Alliance.", "id": "17389123" }, { "contents": "Delta National Forest\n\n\nDelta National Forest is a U.S. National Forest in western Mississippi, located in Sharkey County, and has an area of . Delta is operated as the Sunflower Wildlife Management Area. The forest is headquartered in Jackson, as are all six National Forests in Mississippi, but Delta Ranger District office is located in Rolling Fork. It is one of only six National Forests that are contained entirely within a single county and the only bottomland hardwood forest in the National Forest system. The Green Ash-Overcup Oak-Sweetgum Research Natural Areas within", "id": "3631940" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\ninfluences in the Mississippi River Delta. They continue to shape preferences of food, music, and art, as well as to maintain the unique identities existing in the southernmost parts of the region. Both cultures speak a form of French; but they are considered to be autonomous and distinct dialects. From 1910–1920, New Orleans became the birthplace of jazz and since has continued its legacy of being home to budding musicians and new musical experiences, tying music directly to its unique culture and diverse heritage. The origins of jazz and blues", "id": "16619580" }, { "contents": "Journey Through Hallowed Ground National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Journey Through Hallowed Ground National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in portions of Pennsylvania, West Virginia, Maryland and Virginia, in the eastern United States. The Journey Through Hallowed Ground National Heritage Area was established on May 8, 2008 by Public Law 110-229, the Consolidated Natural Resources Act of 2008.The designation provides a framework for the promotion and interpretation of the area's cultural and historic character, with particular emphasis on the region's role in the American Civil War, and the preservation of the natural", "id": "13516660" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta\n\n\nThe Mississippi Delta, also known as the Yazoo-Mississippi Delta, is the distinctive northwest section of the U.S. state of Mississippi (and portions of Arkansas and Louisiana) which lies between the Mississippi and Yazoo Rivers. The region has been called \"The Most Southern Place on Earth\" (\"Southern\" in the sense of \"characteristic of its region, the American South\"), because of its unique racial, cultural, and economic history. It is long and across at its widest point, encompassing about , or", "id": "15159888" }, { "contents": "Freedom's Way National Heritage Area\n\n\nFreedom's Way National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing portions of northern Massachusetts and southern New Hampshire. The heritage area includes sites significant to the American Revolution, cultural sites associated with Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau, and Native American sites. The heritage area seeks to preserve the region's landscape and historic structures. The National Heritage Area includes Minute Man National Historical Park, portions of Middlesex and Worcester counties in Massachusetts, and portions of Hillsborough County, New Hampshire, an area including a total of", "id": "14966358" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta\n\n\nside of the Mississippi River, another area of high poverty). The 1990s state legalization of casino gambling in Mississippi has boosted the Delta's economy, particularly in the areas of Tunica and Vicksburg. A large cultural influence in the region is its history of hunting and fishing. Hunting in the Delta is primarily for game such as whitetail deer, wild turkey, and waterfowl, along with many small game species (squirrel, rabbit, dove, quail, raccoon, etc.) For many years, the hunting and fishing", "id": "15159912" }, { "contents": "Baltimore National Heritage Area\n\n\nBaltimore National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing portions of Baltimore, Maryland, USA. The designated area includes the central portion of the city, waterfront, inner neighborhoods and portions of the city's park system. The district includes Fort McHenry and the Inner Harbor, as well as portions of the Charles Street, Falls Road, National Historic Seaport and Star Spangled Banner Maryland Scenic Byways. The Baltimore National Heritage Area was established on March 30, 2009 by the Omnibus Public Land Management Act of 2009 (§", "id": "8582841" }, { "contents": "B.B. King Museum\n\n\nThe B.B. King Museum and Delta Interpretive Center is a Delta blues museum with the mission to \"empower, unite and heal through music, art and education and share with the world the rich cultural heritage of the Mississippi Delta.\" The museum, named for blues legend, B.B. King, is located in his hometown of Indianola, Mississippi, in the United States. The B.B. King Museum and Delta Interpretive Center opened in Indianola Mississippi on September 13, 2008. The museum features a restored brick cotton gin building in which B.B.", "id": "17262603" }, { "contents": "Louise, Mississippi\n\n\nLouise is a town in Humphreys County, Mississippi. The population was 199 at the 2010 census, down from 315 at the 2000 census. Louise is located in southern Humphreys County at (32.981549, -90.591624), along Silver Creek in the Mississippi Delta region. Mississippi Highway 149 passes just east of the town, leading north to U.S. Route 49W at Silver City and south via Mississippi Highway 16 to Yazoo City. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town of Louise has a total area of , all land.", "id": "2222822" }, { "contents": "Arkansas Delta\n\n\nblues and gospel traditions. The East Central Delta area has produced a small number of talented and influential R&B artists. Arkansas's blues Influence, shares a rich heritage with Mississippi and Memphis, Tennessee. Arkansas was home to numerous blues masters, who are held in high esteem by newer generations learning blues history. Arkansas blues artists influenced decades of pop culture music by such artists as Muddy Waters, Little Milton, B.B. King, Eric Clapton, Jeff Beck, Joe Bonamassa, Stevie Ray Vaughan, George Harrison and the Rolling Stones", "id": "6558115" }, { "contents": "Cruger, Mississippi\n\n\nCruger is a town in Holmes County, Mississippi, United States. The population was 386 at the 2010 census, down from 449 at the 2000 census. Cruger is in the northwest corner of Holmes County, in the Mississippi Delta region along U.S. Route 49E. Greenwood is north of Cruger via US 49E, and Yazoo City is to the south. According to the United States Census Bureau, Cruger has a total area of , all land. As of the census of 2000, there were 449 people, 161 households, and", "id": "2222747" }, { "contents": "Carroll County, Mississippi\n\n\nCarroll County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 10,597. Its county seats are Carollton and Vaiden. The county is named for Charles Carroll of Carrollton, the last surviving signatory of the U.S. Declaration of Independence. Carroll County is part of the Greenwood, Micropolitan Statistical Area. Bordered by the Yazoo River on the west and the Big Black River to the east, it is considered within the Mississippi Delta region. Most of its land is in the hill country", "id": "10611479" }, { "contents": "Minter City, Mississippi\n\n\nMinter City is an unincorporated community located in Leflore County and in Tallahatchie County, Mississippi. It is part of the Greenwood, Mississippi micropolitan area, and is within the Mississippi Delta. Mississippi Highway 8 intersects U.S. Route 49E southwest of Minter City, and the Tallahatchie River flows to the east. There is a post office located on U.S. Route 49E, with a ZIP code of 38944. Variant names for the original settlement were \"Walnut Place Landing\" and \"Minter City Landing\". Spanish explorer Hernando de Soto may have", "id": "12467995" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta AVA\n\n\nThe Mississippi Delta AVA is an American Viticultural Area on the left (east) bank of the Mississippi River, between Memphis, Tennessee, and Vicksburg, Mississippi. It includes portions of the Mississippi Delta and the watershed of the lower Mississippi River in the U.S. states of Louisiana (west bank), Mississippi, and Tennessee. Since the creation of the AVA in 1984, there has been very little viticulture in the Mississippi Delta region. Mississippi State University established an enology laboratory to research grape cultivation in the area, but little", "id": "16585963" }, { "contents": "Greenwood, Mississippi\n\n\nGreenwood is a city in and the county seat of Leflore County, Mississippi, located at the eastern edge of the Mississippi Delta, approximately 96 miles north of the state capital, Jackson, Mississippi, and 130 miles south of the riverport of Memphis, Tennessee. It was a center of cotton planter culture in the 19th century. The population was 16,087 at the 2010 census. It is the principal city of the Greenwood Micropolitan Statistical Area. Greenwood developed at the confluence of the Tallahatchie and the Yalobusha rivers, which form the", "id": "3378194" }, { "contents": "Bolivar County, Mississippi\n\n\nBolivar County ( ) is a county located on the western border of the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 34,145. Its county seats are Rosedale and Cleveland. The county is named in honor of Simón Bolívar, early 19th-century leader of the liberation of several South American colonies from Spain. The Cleveland, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area includes all of Bolivar County. It is located in the Mississippi Delta, or Yazoo Basin, of Mississippi. This area was first developed for cotton plantations", "id": "10611493" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nmusic in the region is closely connected to the Mississippi River and the delta, as the location allowed for an influx of cultural influences, including blues and bluegrass music from upriver, to the African and Latin folk hymns and music from the Caribbean islands. The delta is still synonymous with the sounds of jazz, funk and zydeco and remains to be an important cultural hub for new sounds and music, bringing thousands to the area every year to experience the lifestyle and participate in the natural rhythms of the area. The region is", "id": "16619581" }, { "contents": "Essex National Heritage Commission\n\n\nThe Essex National Heritage Commission (ENHC) is a non-profit organization charted to oversee the Essex National Heritage Area, a National Heritage Area composed of all of Essex County, Massachusetts. The commission promotes the cultural heritage with public and private partnerships and with the National Park Service by developing programs that enhance, preserve and encourage regional awareness of the area's unique historic, cultural and natural resources. The commission is based in Salem. The organization has sponsored a number of events and programs that celebrate the region’s history,", "id": "16440799" }, { "contents": "Blue Ridge National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Blue Ridge National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing the twenty-five westernmost counties of North Carolina, which are associated with the Blue Ridge Mountains. The designation provides a framework for the promotion and interpretation of the area's cultural and historic character, and the preservation of the natural and built environment. The National Heritage Area includes the North Carolina portions of Great Smoky Mountains National Park and the Blue Ridge Parkway. Other attractions include Mount Mitchell in Pisgah National Forest, Nantahala National Forest and the North Carolina", "id": "9719864" }, { "contents": "Poverty Point\n\n\nPoverty Point State Historic Site (; 16 WC 5) is a prehistoric earthwork constructed by the Poverty Point culture. The Poverty Point site is located in present-day northeastern Louisiana though evidence of the Poverty Point culture extends throughout much of the Southeastern United States. The culture extended across the Mississippi Delta and south to the Gulf Coast. The Poverty Point site has been designated as a U.S. National Monument, a U.S. National Historic Landmark, and UNESCO World Heritage Site. Located in the Southern United States, the site is from the", "id": "10100047" }, { "contents": "Geography of Arkansas\n\n\nState Park, Delta Heritage Trail State Park, Felsenthal National Wildlife Refuge, Lake Chicot State Park, Mississippi River State Park, Overflow National Wildlife Refuge and White River National Wildlife Refuge. The flat topography and fertile soils of Southeast Arkansas have been important to the region throughout its history, first to the Native American that inhabited the region. This history is available today at museums like the Pine Bluff/Jefferson County Historical Museum. The area was one of the first explored and settled in Arkansas; including the territorial capital at Arkansas", "id": "17334085" }, { "contents": "Tchula, Mississippi\n\n\nhad vanished, partly due to increased use of machines in agriculture. Many businesses formerly in the town had disappeared. Tchula is in western Holmes County along Tchula Lake, an old river channel in the Mississippi Delta region of the state. U.S. Route 49E passes through the center of town, leading north to Greenwood and southwest to Yazoo. Mississippi Highway 12 leads southeast from Tchula to Lexington, the Holmes County seat. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of , of which , or 2.31", "id": "2222794" }, { "contents": "Freedom's Frontier National Heritage Area\n\n\nFreedom's Frontier National Heritage Area, Inc. (FFNHA) is a federally designated U.S. National Heritage Area located in eastern Kansas and Western Missouri. This heritage area preserves, conserves, and interprets historic and cultural landscapes pertaining to: the shaping of the frontier, the Missouri-Kansas Border War, and the enduring struggle for freedom. FFNHA was authorized on October 12, 2006, with the passage of the National Heritage Areas Act of 2006. The management plan for the heritage area was approved by the Board of Trustees on June", "id": "353294" }, { "contents": "Sunflower County, Mississippi\n\n\nSunflower County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 29,450. Its largest city and county seat is Indianola. Sunflower County comprises the Indianola, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is included in the Cleveland-Indianola, MS Combined Statistical Area. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region. Sunflower Country was created in 1844. The land mass encompassed most of Sunflower and Leflore Counties as we know them today. The first seat of government was Clayton, located near", "id": "10555603" }, { "contents": "Atchafalaya National Heritage Area\n\n\nAtchafalaya National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing parts of fourteen parishes along the Atchafalaya River in the U.S. State of Louisiana. The heritage area extends the length of the Atchafalaya Basin from the area of Ferriday in the north to the river's mouth beyond Morgan City. The National Heritage Area is divided into four regions: Upper, Between 2 Rivers, Bayou Teche Corridor and the Coastal Zone. The designation provides a framework for the promotion and interpretation of the area's cultural and historic character, and the preservation", "id": "9171577" }, { "contents": "Niagara Falls National Heritage Area\n\n\nNiagara Falls National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing the Niagara Falls region of the U.S. State of New York. The heritage area includes the communities of Niagara Falls, Youngstown and Lewiston. The designation provides a framework for the promotion and interpretation of the area's cultural and historic character, and the preservation of the natural and built environment. The heritage area designation recognizes the area's importance to Native Americans, to early European explorers of America, the American Revolution, the War of 1812 and the area's", "id": "9115304" }, { "contents": "Warren County, Mississippi\n\n\nWarren County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 48,773. Its county seat is Vicksburg. Created by legislative act of 22 December 1809, Warren County is named for American Revolutionary War officer Joseph Warren. Part of the Mississippi Delta and the historic cotton culture, Warren County is included in the Vicksburg, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Jackson-Vicksburg-Brookhaven, MS Combined Statistical Area. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the", "id": "10555530" }, { "contents": "Greenwood, Mississippi micropolitan area\n\n\nThe Greenwood Micropolitan Statistical Area is a micropolitan area in the northwestern Delta region of Mississippi that covers two counties - Leflore and Carroll. As of the 2000 census, the μSA had a population of 48,716 (though a July 1, 2009 estimate placed the population at 44,841). As of the census of 2000, there were 48,716 people, 17,027 households, and 11,956 families residing within the μSA. The racial makeup of the μSA was 37.22% White, 60.85% African American, 0.10% Native American, 0.54% Asian", "id": "8919330" }, { "contents": "James Thomas (blues musician)\n\n\n\". In 1985, his work was featured in the prestigious Corcoran Gallery in Washington, D.C., where he was introduced to Nancy Reagan, then the First Lady. Thomas's skulls are on display in the Delta Blues Museum, in Clarksdale, Mississippi, and the Highway 61 Blues Museum, in Leland, Mississippi. Thomas played at numerous blues festivals and private parties throughout the area, including the Mississippi Delta Blues and Heritage Festival in Greenville. In the 1970s, Eddie Cusic performed with Thomas at regular engagements. Together they", "id": "17330513" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nand is an important coastal region for the United States, containing more than of coastal wetlands and 37% of the estuarine marsh in the conterminous U.S. The coastal area is the nation's largest drainage basin and drains about 41% of the contiguous United States into the Gulf of Mexico at an average rate of . The modern Mississippi River Delta formed over the last approximately 4,500 years as the Mississippi River deposited sand, clay and silt along its banks and in adjacent basins. The Mississippi River Delta is a river-dominated delta system", "id": "16619564" }, { "contents": "Arabia Mountain National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Arabia Mountain National Heritage Area is a National Heritage Area in the U.S. state of Georgia that encompasses natural, cultural, and historical elements to form a cohesive, nationally significant environment. The area is due east of Atlanta and spans reaching from the historic commercial center of Lithonia to the Monastery of the Holy Spirit in Conyers, including a number of sites in between, including Panola Mountain State Park, Davidson-Arabia Mountain Nature Preserve, the Mall at Stonecrest, and more. The Heritage Area was established in 2006, and", "id": "352970" }, { "contents": "Sangre de Cristo National Heritage Area\n\n\nSangre de Cristo National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the south central portion of the U.S. state of Colorado. The heritage area includes the San Luis Valley and portions of the Sangre de Cristo Range. The region combines influences of Anglo-American, Hispano-American and Native American influences. It also includes portions of the upper Rio Grande valley. The national heritage area includes Alamosa, Costilla, and Conejos counties, and portions of Saguache and Rio Grande counties. It also includes within its boundaries Great Sand", "id": "17389640" }, { "contents": "Delta State–Mississippi College football rivalry\n\n\nThe Delta State–Mississippi College football rivalry, commonly known as the Heritage Bell Classic, is a college football rivalry game between a public university and a private Christian college in the U.S. state of Mississippi, the Delta State University Statesmen and the Mississippi College Choctaws. The current winner is Delta State, who won, 28–21, on November 10, 2018. Delta State leads the all-time series, 22–15–2. The Delta State Statesmen were co-founding members of the Gulf South Conference in 1970. Mississippi College joined the", "id": "15797675" }, { "contents": "Delta blues\n\n\nDelta blues is one of the earliest-known styles of blues music. It originated in the Mississippi Delta, a region of the U.S. stretching from Memphis, Tennessee, in the north to Vicksburg, Mississippi, in the south and from Helena, Arkansas, in the west to the Yazoo River in the east. The Mississippi Delta is famous for its fertile soil and for its poverty. Delta blues is regarded as a regional variant of country blues. Guitar and harmonica are its dominant instruments; slide guitar is a hallmark of", "id": "7794018" }, { "contents": "Arkansas Delta\n\n\na decline. Charles Bowden of \"National Geographic\" wrote, \"By 1970 the sharecropping world was already disappearing, and the landscape of today—huge fields, giant machines, battered towns, few people—beginning to emerge.\" The Arkansas Delta is known for its rich musical heritage. While defined primarily by its deep blues/gospel roots, it is distinguished somewhat from its Mississippi Delta counterpart by more intricately interwoven country music and R&B elements. Arkansas blues musicians have defined every genre of blues from its inception, including", "id": "6558110" }, { "contents": "Greenwood High School (Mississippi)\n\n\nGreenwood High School is a public high school located in Greenwood, Leflore County, in the U.S. state of Mississippi. The school is part of the Greenwood Public School District. Greenwood, Mississippi, is a town of slightly over 15,000 residents located on the banks of the Yazoo River about south of Memphis, Tennessee, and about north of Jackson, Mississippi. The city and county are named after Greenwood Leflore, the designated leader of the Choctaw nation who ceded Mississippi land under pressure of the 1830 Indian Removal Act to the United", "id": "4541464" }, { "contents": "Upper Housatonic Valley National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Upper Housatonic Valley National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the U.S. states of Connecticut and Massachusetts. The heritage area interprets and promotes the historical, cultural and scenic features of the upper Housatonic River valley in the western part of both states. The heritage area focuses on five themes: the area's role as a resort for writers, artists, actors and musicians, the scenic landscape, the area's role in industry, the American Revolutionary War, and the social and religious groups associated with the area", "id": "17597179" }, { "contents": "National Heritage Area\n\n\nA National Heritage Area is a site designated by United States and intended to encourage historic preservation of the area and an appreciation of the history and heritage of the site. There are currently 55 National Heritage Areas, some of which use variations of the title, such as National Heritage Corridor. National Heritage Areas (NHAs) are not National Park Service units or federally owned or managed land. NHAs are administered by state governments or non-profit organizations or other private corporations, referred to as \"local coordinating entities\". The", "id": "2301876" }, { "contents": "Lackawanna Heritage Valley National and State Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Lackawanna Heritage Valley National and State Heritage Area is a state and federally designated National Heritage Area in northeastern Pennsylvania. It was initially established in 1991 as the first State Heritage Park in Pennsylvania, and was additionally designated a National Heritage Area in 2000. The designations recognize the area's heritage of industry, architecture, history and natural resources, and provide a framework for development and promotion of these features. The Lackawanna Heritage Valley National and State Heritage Area is managed by the Lackawanna Heritage Valley Authority, or LHVA. The National", "id": "16220344" }, { "contents": "Kenai Mountains – Turnagain Arm National Heritage Area\n\n\nKenai Mountains – Turnagain Arm National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the U.S. state of Alaska. The heritage area extends across the northern part of the Kenai Peninsula, immediately to the north and east of Kenai Fjords National Park. The designation recognizes the area's unique cultural, scenic and historical features and provides a unified organization for promotion of the area's attractions. The Kenai Mountains – Turnagain Arm National Heritage Area (KMTA) includes the road corridor between Seward and Hope and Whittier, from Resurrection Bay in", "id": "16167272" }, { "contents": "Mayersville, Mississippi\n\n\nMayersville is a town on the east bank of the Mississippi River, and the county seat for Issaquena County, Mississippi, United States. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region, known for cotton cultivation in the antebellum era. Once the trading center for the county, the town was superseded when railroads were built into the area. The population of the majority-black town was 547 at the 2010 census, down from 795 at the 2000 census. Native Americans had lived in this area since prehistoric times. The Mayersville", "id": "2222833" }, { "contents": "Crenshaw, Mississippi\n\n\nCrenshaw is a town in Panola and Quitman counties in the U.S. state of Mississippi. The population was 916 at the 2000 census. Crenshaw is located at (34.502661, -90.195841). Most of the town is in Panola County with a small portion on the west side in Quitman County. In the 2000 census, 697 of the town's 916 residents (76.1%) lived in Panola County and 219 (23.9%) in Quitman County. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of", "id": "17931693" }, { "contents": "Panola County, Mississippi\n\n\nPanola County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 34,707. Its county seats are Sardis and Batesville. Panola is the anglicization of \"ponolo\", a word meaning thread in both old Choctaw and Chickasaw and cotton in modern Choctaw. The county is located just east of the Mississippi Delta and bisected by the Tallahatchie River flowing to the southwest, separating the two county seats. Panola County was established February 9, 1836, and is one of the twelve large", "id": "10555705" }, { "contents": "MotorCities National Heritage Area\n\n\nMotorCities National Heritage Area or Motor Cities National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area that commemorates and promotes the automobile industry in Metro Detroit, with portions of 16 counties in southern Michigan, United States. The scope of the heritage area includes sites and events relating to the motor industry as well as the industry's impact on labor, society and the environment. The heritage area comprises more than 1200 automotive-related sites, including the Henry Ford Museum, Fair Lane, various Ford plants, the Automotive Hall of Fame", "id": "16976479" }, { "contents": "Great Basin National Heritage Area\n\n\nGreat Basin National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in Nevada and Utah, including White Pine County, Nevada and Millard County, Utah. The area was designated to recognize and promote the scenic and cultural resources associated with this central portion of the Great Basin. The National Heritage Area includes Great Basin National Park and portions of Humboldt-Toiyabe and Fishlake National Forests, as well as Fort Deseret, Sevier Lake and the Topaz War Relocation Center. Great Basin National Heritage Area was designated on October 13, 2006.", "id": "15909144" }, { "contents": "Crowder, Mississippi\n\n\nCrowder is a town in Panola and Quitman counties in the state of Mississippi. The population was 766 at the 2000 census. Most of Crowder is in Quitman County with a portion on the east in adjacent Panola County. In the 2000 census, 462 of the town's 766 residents (60.3%) lived in Quitman County and 304 (39.7%) in Panola County. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 0.4 square miles (1.2 km², all land. As of the", "id": "17931698" }, { "contents": "Rivers of Steel National Heritage Area\n\n\nRivers of Steel National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in southwestern Pennsylvania, centered on Pittsburgh and oriented around the interpretation and promotion of the region's steel-making heritage. The area roughly covers the valleys of the Ohio, Monongahela and lower Allegheny rivers. Major interpretive locations include the Carrie Furnace, Pinkerton's Landing Bridge and other features of the Homestead Steel Works. The national heritage area comprises Allegheny, Armstrong, Beaver, Butler, Greene, Fayette, Washington and Westmoreland counties. Rivers of Steel National Heritage", "id": "17389345" }, { "contents": "Crowley's Ridge Parkway\n\n\nroute which allowed the traveler to experience the Southern heritage of the area. The National Scenic Byway designation came the following year, with an extension into Missouri in 2000. The majority of the route is in Arkansas, and the parkway begins in Phillips County, Arkansas, in Helena-West Helena very near the Helena Bridge over the Mississippi River. Beginning at US Route 49 (US 49) and running north with US 49 Business (US 49B), the route passes historic properties including the Delta Cultural Center, the Jerome", "id": "1149985" }, { "contents": "Issaquena County, Mississippi\n\n\nIssaquena County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 1,406, making it the least populous county in the United States east of the Mississippi River. Its county seat is Mayersville. With a per-capita income of $18,598, Issaquena County is the poorest county in the United States. Issaquena County is located in the Mississippi Delta region. The Mississippi River flows along the entire western boundary of the county, and many of the earliest communities were river ports.", "id": "10611264" }, { "contents": "Delta Regional Authority\n\n\n, Mississippi; Tunica County, Mississippi; Union County, Mississippi; Walthall County, Mississippi; Warren County, Mississippi; Washington County, Mississippi; Wilkinson County, Mississippi; Yalobusha County, Mississippi; Yazoo County, Mississippi Missouri Bollinger County, Missouri; Butler County, Missouri; Cape Girardeau County, Missouri; Carter County, Missouri; Crawford County, Missouri; Dent County, Missouri; Douglas County, Missouri; Dunklin County, Missouri; Howell County, Missouri; Iron County, Missouri; Madison County, Missouri; Mississippi", "id": "11170385" }, { "contents": "Tunica County, Mississippi\n\n\nTunica County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 10,778. Its county seat is Tunica. The county is named for the Tunica Native Americans. Most migrated to central Louisiana during the colonial period. Tunica County is part of the Memphis, TN-MS-AR Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region. Since the late 20th century, it is known for Tunica Resorts (formerly Robinsonville), an unincorporated community that is the site", "id": "10555567" }, { "contents": "Emmett Till\n\n\nin the Mississippi Delta are memorialized as associated with Till. Emmett Till was born in 1941 in Chicago; he was the son of Mamie Carthan (1921–2003) and Louis Till (1922–1945). Emmett's mother Mamie was born in the small Delta town of Webb, Mississippi. The Delta region encompasses the large, multi-county area of northwestern Mississippi in the watershed of the Yazoo and Mississippi rivers. When Carthan was two years old, her family moved to Argo, Illinois, as part of the Great Migration of rural", "id": "2570054" }, { "contents": "History of New Orleans\n\n\nUnion during the Civil War. With its rich and unique cultural and architectural heritage, it remains a major destination for tourism, conventions, and major sports events, even after the major destruction and loss of life resulting from Hurricane Katrina in 2005. The land mass that was to become the city of New Orleans was formed around 2200 BC when the Mississippi River deposited silt creating the delta region. Before Europeans founded the settlement, the area was inhabited by Native Americans for about 1300 years. The Mississippian culture peoples built mounds and", "id": "3084005" }, { "contents": "B.B. King Museum\n\n\nKing worked in the 1940s. The museum also contains an extensive collection of artifacts owned by King and displays exhibits about his life and the lives of other musicians of the delta region and the culture where the blues arose. The museum commemorates the famous blues artist, B.B King, who was from the Mississippi Delta. The museum has multiple exhibits highlighting King's Delta Blue music. Exhibits include interactive exhibits, King memorabilia, and stories. The museum seeks to help preserve Delta Blues and its culture by promoting its importance. In", "id": "17262604" }, { "contents": "Missouri Bootheel\n\n\nwrites: Given the population in the area, even a moderately sized earthquake would be disastrous. The Bootheel (pronounced Boothill in the region) is on the edge of the Mississippi Delta culture that produced the Delta blues. Its relatively large black population makes it distinct from the rest of rural Missouri. The area has a unique rural black culture reflected in its music, churches and other traditions. The black population ranges from about 26% in Pemiscot County, to 15% in New Madrid County, and about 9% in", "id": "12618286" }, { "contents": "Moorhead, Mississippi\n\n\nMoorhead is a city in Sunflower County, Mississippi. As of the 2000 census, the city population was 2,573. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of , of which is land and 0.77% is water. Moorhead is along U.S. Route 82, east of Indianola. Moorhead is located at the intersection of the Southern and Yazoo Delta railroads. This is the origin of the legendary blues crossroads phrase \"where the Southern cross the Dog\". As of the 2010 United States Census,", "id": "2223816" }, { "contents": "Blanche Bruce\n\n\nsteamboat porter on the Mississippi River. In 1864, he moved to Hannibal, Missouri, where he established a school for black children. In 1868, during Reconstruction, Bruce relocated to Bolivar near Cleveland in northwestern Mississippi, at which he purchased a Mississippi Delta plantation. He became a wealthy landowner of several thousand acres in the Mississippi Delta. He was appointed to the positions of Tallahatchie County registrar of voters and tax assessor before he won an election for sheriff in Bolivar County. He later was elected to other county positions,", "id": "13640962" }, { "contents": "Delta, Mississippi\n\n\nDelta is a ghost town in Coahoma County, Mississippi, United States. Once a thriving port on the Mississippi River, Delta today is covered by farmland and a portion of the Mississippi Levee. Nothing remains of the original settlement. The county seat was moved from Port Royal to Delta in 1842. In 1844, Delta was surveyed and laid off into lots. The town had a population of about 700, and was a busy steamboat port. Delta incorporated in 1848. That same year, the river flooded the town,", "id": "8584565" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nbenefits that are unique to the region. These vital resources are at constant risk of being lost with the continual land loss and the decreasing size of the natural coastal area. The Mississippi River Delta has a strong economy which relies heavily on tourism and recreational activities such as fishing, hunting and wildlife watching as well as commercial fishing, oil, gas, and shipping industries. There are a number of major industries in the Mississippi River Delta that drive the local and national economy, including: In total, the five Gulf Coast", "id": "16619584" }, { "contents": "Holmes County, Mississippi\n\n\nHolmes County is a county in the U.S. state of Mississippi; its western border is formed by the Yazoo River and the eastern border by the Big Black River. The western part of the county is within the Yazoo-Mississippi Delta. As of the 2010 census, the population was 19,198. Its county seat is Lexington. The county is named in honor of David Holmes, territorial governor and the first governor of the state of Mississippi and later United States Senator for Mississippi. A favorite son, Edmond Favor Noel, was", "id": "10611282" }, { "contents": "Greenville, Mississippi\n\n\nGreenville is a city in, and the county seat of, Washington County, Mississippi, United States. The population was 34,400 at the 2010 census. It is located in the area of historic cotton plantations and culture known as the Mississippi Delta. This area was occupied by indigenous peoples for thousands of years. When the French explored here, they encountered the historic Natchez people. As part of their colony known as \"La Louisiane\", the French established a settlement at what became Natchez, Mississippi. Other Native American tribes", "id": "2224007" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nartery. In addition to shipping, local and commercial fisheries continued to expand. The discovery of vast oil and gas deposits brought further economic and environmental changes to the delta. Despite these profound changes, the delta today remains very much rooted in the vibrant cultural and social traditions of its residents. The Mississippi River Delta is home to more than two million people. The location of the delta at the mouth of the Mississippi River allowed for the area to be a cultural gateway into the United States, and influenced the mix of", "id": "16619576" }, { "contents": "Essex Heritage\n\n\nEssex Heritage is a non-profit organization charted to promote the cultural heritage of Essex County in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. Working with both public and private partnerships and with the National Park Service, the group supports and develops programs that enhance, preserve and encourage regional awareness of the area’s unique historic, cultural and natural resources. Headquartered in Salem, Massachusetts, the Commission services the 34 communities of Essex County. It has been recognized by the United States Congress in recognition of the important role that this region played in American", "id": "16609234" }, { "contents": "Washington County, Mississippi\n\n\nWashington County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 51,137. Its county seat is Greenville. The county is named in honor of the first President of the United States, George Washington. The Greenville, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area includes all of Washington County. It is located in the Mississippi Delta. Located in the Mississippi Delta, Washington County was first developed for cotton cultivation in the antebellum years. Most plantations were developed to have access to the rivers, which", "id": "10555522" }, { "contents": "Mississippi\n\n\nIsland. The northwest remainder of the state consists of the Mississippi Delta, a section of the Mississippi Alluvial Plain. The plain is narrow in the south and widens north of Vicksburg. The region has rich soil, partly made up of silt which had been regularly deposited by the flood waters of the Mississippi River. Areas under the management of the National Park Service include: Mississippi City Population Rankings of at least 50,000 (United States Census Bureau as of 2017): Mississippi City Population Rankings of at least 20,000 but fewer than", "id": "21293458" }, { "contents": "Belzoni, Mississippi\n\n\nBelzoni ( ) is a city in Humphreys County, Mississippi, in the Mississippi Delta region, on the Yazoo River. The population was 2,235 at the 2010 census. It is the county seat of Humphreys County. It was named for the 19th-century Italian archaeologist/explorer Giovanni Battista Belzoni. The area was named Farm-Raised Catfish Capital of the World in 1976 by then Governor Cliff Finch, since it produces more farm-raised catfish than any other U.S. county. About of the county are under water in ponds", "id": "2222804" }, { "contents": "2011 Mississippi River floods\n\n\nfrom Vicksburg was cut off for more than two weeks. U.S. Highway 61 between Vicksburg and Port Gibson was closed by backwater flooding along the Big Black River on May 12; it reopened June 1. Another portion of U.S. Highway 61 near Redwood was closed by backwater flooding along the Yazoo River on May 13 and was closed until June 3. In anticipation of major flooding, the U.S. federal government declared 14 counties along the Mississippi River, the Thames River: Adams, Bolivar, Claiborne, Coahoma, DeSoto, Humphreys, Issaquena", "id": "8214155" }, { "contents": "Memphis, Tennessee\n\n\nother places in the world could offer cheaper labor, and the workforce was undereducated for today's challenges. The Memphis Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA), the 42nd largest in the United States, has a 2010 population of 1,316,100 and includes the Tennessee counties of Shelby, Tipton and Fayette; as well as the northern Mississippi counties of DeSoto, Marshall, Tate, and Tunica; and Crittenden County, Arkansas, all part of the Mississippi Delta. The total metropolitan area has a higher proportion of whites and a higher per capita", "id": "4225772" }, { "contents": "Northern Plains National Heritage Area\n\n\nNorthern Plains National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area along an length of the Missouri River in central North Dakota. The heritage area promotes and interprets the scenic, cultural and historic heritage of the region. It extends from Knife River Indian Villages National Historic Site to Huff Indian Village State Historic Site The area interprets the history of the Three Affiliated Tribes, the passage of the Lewis and Clark Expedition, the fur trade, steamboats on the Missouri and Fort Abraham Lincoln. It also interprets the area's association with the", "id": "17044952" }, { "contents": "Tornado outbreak of April 22–25, 2010\n\n\ncrossed the Mississippi River shortly thereafter, and damaged or destroyed numerous homes on the north side of Eagle Lake. The tornado then moved across the Delta National Forest in Issaquena and Sharkey Counties, causing major tree damage. The tornado again caused significant home damage northwest of Satartia, and again as it crossed Highway 3 near the Crupp community. The tornado then moved through rural areas southwest of Yazoo City, causing major damage or total destruction of a number of homes, as well as intense tree damage. As the tornado approached the", "id": "5566995" }, { "contents": "Segregation academy\n\n\npercent of Virginia's non-Hispanic white students attended these isolated schools., In Mississippi, many of the segregation academies were first established in the black-majority Mississippi Delta region in northwestern Mississippi. The Delta has historically had a very large majority-black population, related to the history of the use of slave labor on cotton plantations. The potential for integration resulted in white parents' establishing segregation academies in every county in the Delta. Many academies are still operating, from Indianola, Mississippi to Humphreys County. These schools", "id": "16560206" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nnationalities which settled in the area over time, forming the diversity of the region. Louisiana's first 18th century colonists were French, but they were soon joined by Spanish and Acadian settlers. The region has been home to other European-immigrant ethnic groups, beginning in the 19th century, including German, Sicilian, and Irish. There are also the Africans, West Indians, and Native Americans in the mix. The combination of these groups over time has created the special culture found in the Mississippi River Delta. Two unique", "id": "16619577" }, { "contents": "Champlain Valley National Heritage Area\n\n\nClinton, Essex, Warren, Saratoga and Washington counties in New York, and Bennington, Rutland, Addison, Chittenden, Franklin and Grand Isle counties in Vermont. Attractions located within the National Heritage Area include Fort Ticonderoga, the Lake Champlain Maritime Museum, Saratoga National Historical Park, portions of Adirondack Park and Green Mountain National Forest, Missisquoi National Wildlife Refuge and the Lake Champlain Underwater Historic Preserves. The Champlain Valley National Heritage Area was established by the Champlain Valley National Heritage Act of 2005. It is administered by the Champlain Valley", "id": "9913189" }, { "contents": "Atchafalaya National Heritage Area\n\n\nof the natural and built environment. The heritage area designation recognizes the area's unique environment and culture, and its contributions to music, English and French language, literature, and cuisine. Major locales included in the Heritage Area include Avery Island, New Iberia, Morgan City, Lafayette, Opelousas, Baton Rouge, Plaquemine and Houma. Jean Lafitte National Historical Park, Longfellow-Evangeline State Historic Site and Plaquemine Lock State Historic Site are included in the heritage area, as well as the Louisiana State Museum branches in Baton Rouge", "id": "9171578" }, { "contents": "Bryant Clark\n\n\nBryant W. Clark (born October 31, 1974) is an American politician from the state of Mississippi. A member of the Democratic Party, Clark is a member of the Mississippi House of Representatives, and represents the 47th district. He has served in the Mississippi House since 2004. The district includes parts of Attala, Holmes and Yazoo counties, which is located in central Mississippi. The district comprises both the Hills and Mississippi Delta regions of the state. Clark is a lifelong resident of Ebenezer, located in southern Holmes County", "id": "18412525" }, { "contents": "Louisiana African American Heritage Trail\n\n\nLouisiana African American Heritage Trail () is a cultural heritage trail with 26 sites designated in 2008 by the state of Louisiana, from New Orleans along the Mississippi River to Baton Rouge and Shreveport, with sites in small towns and plantations also included. In New Orleans several sites are within a walking area. Auto travel is required to reach sites outside the city. A variety of African-American museums devoted to art, history and culture are on the \"trail\", as is the Cane River Creole National Historical Park,", "id": "6088712" }, { "contents": "Delta Blues Museum\n\n\nThe Delta Blues Museum in Clarksdale, Mississippi, United States exists to collect, preserve, and provide public access to and awareness of the blues. Along with holdings of significant blues-related memorabilia, the museum also exhibits and collects art portraying the blues tradition, including works by sculptor Floyd Shaman and photographer Birney Imes. The museum is located in the Yazoo and Mississippi Valley Passenger Depot, also known as Illinois Central Passenger Depot or Clarksdale Passenger Depot, which was built in 1926 and listed on the National Register of Historic Places", "id": "19201111" }, { "contents": "Clarksdale, Mississippi\n\n\nClarksdale is a city in Coahoma County, Mississippi, United States, and seat of the county. The western boundary of the county is formed by the Mississippi River. Located in the Mississippi Delta region, Clarksdale is an agricultural and trading center. It has been home to many blues musicians. Clarksdale is named after John Clark, who founded the city in the mid-19th century. Choctaw and Chickasaw Indians occupied the Delta region prior to the arrival of European settlers. Clarksdale was developed at the former intersection of two Indian routes:", "id": "2119137" }, { "contents": "Education segregation in the Mississippi Delta\n\n\nThe Mississippi Delta region has had the most segregated schools -- and for the longest time—of any part of the United States. As recently as the 2016–2017 school year, East Side High School in Cleveland, Mississippi, was practically all black: 359 of 360 students were African-American. The Delta region of Mississippi is nineteen counties in the northwest of the state, bounded on the west by the Mississippi River and the south by the Yazoo River. It is a poor region of the country's poorest state. In", "id": "13439199" } ]

[ { "contents": "Mississippi Delta National Heritage Area\n\n\nMississippi Delta National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area that seeks to preserve and promote the landscape, culture and history of the Mississippi Delta in the northwestern portion of the U.S. state of Mississippi. The region is famous for blues music and a unique culture that has had broad influence on music and literature, both in the United States and worldwide. The national heritage area comprises Bolivar, Carroll, Coahoma, Desoto, Holmes, Humphreys, Issaquena, Leflore, Panola, Quitman, Sharkey, Tallahatchie, Tate, Tunica", "id": "16296069" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta\n\n\nyears. The land is flat and contains some of the most fertile soil in the world. It is two hundred miles long and seventy miles across at its widest point, encompassing approximately 4,415,000 acres, or, some 7,000 square miles of alluvial floodplain. On the east, it is bounded by bluffs extending beyond the Yazoo River. It includes all or part of the following counties: Washington, Western DeSoto, Humphreys, Carroll, Issaquena, Western Panola, Quitman, Bolivar, Coahoma, Leflore, Sunflower, Sharkey, Tate", "id": "15159893" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta Community College\n\n\nof Mississippi in April 1928. The name was changed to Mississippi Delta Junior College in 1960 and to Mississippi Delta Community College in 1989. The official service area of the college includes Bolivar, Humphreys, Issaquena, Leflore, Sharkey, Sunflower, and Washington counties. Coahoma County was originally in the college's service area, but the Mississippi Legislature removed it effective July 1, 1995, and it is now served by the Coahoma Community College. The main campus is located in Moorhead, Mississippi. Stauffer-Wood Administration Building houses", "id": "21307039" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Gulf Coast National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Mississippi Gulf Coast National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area along the Gulf coast of Mississippi. The designated area comprises six counties recognized for their unique cultural and scenic qualities. The National Heritage Area designation provides a unified marketing and promotional framework for the region. The National Heritage Area comprises Pearl River, Stone, George, Hancock, Harrison and Jackson counties. It includes the Mississippi portion of Gulf Islands National Seashore. The area was devastated by Hurricane Katrina in 2005. Much of the national heritage area's efforts", "id": "16361240" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Hills National Heritage Area\n\n\nMississippi Hills National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the northeastern portion of the U.S. state of Mississippi. The designation commemorates the region's impact on American culture and its role in the American Civil War and the American civil rights movement. The national heritage area designation provides a unified marketing and promotion framework for the area. The national heritage area covers all of Marshall, Benton, Tippah, Alcorn, Tishomingo, Lafayette, Union, Pontotoc, Lee, Itawamba, Calhoun, Chickasaw and Monroe counties, and those", "id": "17388610" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River floods of 2019\n\n\nwith some inundated by 15 feet of water. The Yazoo Backwater Area in the Mississippi Delta north of Vicksburg, Mississippi, experienced both record flood stages and record duration of flooding during the winter, spring, and summer of 2019. Portions of Warren, Issaquena, Sharkey, Yazoo, Humphreys, and Washington Counties were flooded. Almost half of the land area of Issaquena and Sharkey Counties experienced flooding. In late May, flood waters covered over 860 square miles (550,000 acres or 220,000 hectares), including about 390 square miles", "id": "13577492" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta\n\n\n, Tunica, Tallahatchie, Western Holmes, Western Yazoo, Western Grenada and Warren. Lexington is also part of the delta. The shifting river delta at the mouth of the Mississippi on the Gulf Coast lies some 300 miles south of this area, and is referred to as the Mississippi River Delta. The two should not be confused. Chinese began settling in Bolivar County and other Delta counties as plantation workers in the 1870s, though most Delta Chinese families migrated to the state between the 1900s and 1930s. Most Chinese immigrants worked", "id": "15159894" }, { "contents": "George W. Gayles\n\n\n1882, and then again in 1884 and 1886. In the House, he represented the 28th district, which included Bolivar, Coahoma, and Quitman County.In the Senate, he represented the ninth district, including Bolivar, Calhoun, and Sunflower counties. He was also chairman of the Third district Republican Convention in 1886 in Mississippi consisting of Bolivar, Coahoma, Issaquena, Leflore, Sunflower, Sharkey, Tunica, Quitman, Washington, and Warren counties. He was the only black state senator in Mississippi during his terms and", "id": "20783617" }, { "contents": "Coahoma County, Mississippi\n\n\nCoahoma County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 26,151. Its county seat is Clarksdale. The Clarksdale, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area includes all of Coahoma County. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region of Mississippi. Coahoma County was established February 9, 1836, and is located in the northwestern part of the state in the fertile Yazoo Delta region. The name \"Coahoma\" is a Choctaw word meaning \"red panther.\" The act creating the county", "id": "10611425" }, { "contents": "Delta Regional Authority\n\n\nMississippi; Jefferson Davis County, Mississippi; Lawrence County, Mississippi; Leflore County, Mississippi; Lafayette County, Mississippi; Madison County, Mississippi; Marion County, Mississippi; Lincoln County, Mississippi; Montgomery County, Mississippi; Panola County, Mississippi; Marshall County, Mississippi; Quitman County, Mississippi; Rankin County, Mississippi; Pike County, Mississippi; Smith County, Mississippi; Sunflower County, Mississippi; Sharkey County, Mississippi; Simpson County, Mississippi; Tippah County, Mississippi; Tallahatchie County, Mississippi; Tate County", "id": "11170384" }, { "contents": "Delta Regional Authority\n\n\nLouisiana; Winn Parish, Louisiana Mississippi Adams County, Mississippi; Amite County, Mississippi; Attala County, Mississippi; Benton County, Mississippi; Bolivar County, Mississippi; Carroll County, Mississippi; Claiborne County, Mississippi; Coahoma County, Mississippi; Copiah County, Mississippi; Covington County, Mississippi; DeSoto County, Mississippi; Franklin County, Mississippi; Grenada County, Mississippi; Hinds County, Mississippi; Holmes County, Mississippi; Humphreys County, Mississippi; Issaquena County, Mississippi; Jasper County, Mississippi; Jefferson County,", "id": "11170383" }, { "contents": "South Park National Heritage Area\n\n\nSouth Park National Heritage Area is a U.S. National Heritage Area encompassing the South Park of Colorado. Established on March 30, 2009 by the Omnibus Public Land Management Act of 2009 (§7002), the South Park NHA is managed by the Park County, Colorado Office of Tourism to promote and interpret the area's natural, scenic, and cultural resources. The National Heritage Area designation funds promotion of the area's mining, recreation, and ranching heritage. The National Heritage Area covers the majority of Park County, including the", "id": "8157140" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Civil Rights Museum\n\n\n2017, the Mississippi Department of Archives and History brought in Pam Junior as the new museum Director. Junior came from the Smith Robertson Museum and Cultural Center in Jackson, where she had been manager since 1999. Junior is a member of the board of directors for the Mississippi Delta National Heritage Area and Mississippi Book Festival and a co-founder of the Mississippi Black Theater Festival The museum hired Hilferty & Associates to design exhibits for the museum, which were fabricated by Exhibit Concepts. Monadnock Media designed the audio portions of the exhibits", "id": "6914076" }, { "contents": "Leflore County, Mississippi\n\n\nLeflore County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 32,317. The county seat is Greenwood. The county is named for Choctaw leader Greenwood LeFlore, who signed a treaty to cede his people's land to the United States in exchange for land in Indian Territory. LeFlore stayed in Mississippi, settling on land reserved for him in Tallahatchie County. Leflore County is part of the Greenwood, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region, with", "id": "10611085" }, { "contents": "Tallahatchie County, Mississippi\n\n\nTallahatchie County is a county in the U.S. state of Mississippi. At the 2010 census, the population was 15,378. Its county seats are Charleston and Sumner. Tallahatchie County is located in the Mississippi Delta region, divided by the Tallahatchie River which runs from north to south through the county before joining what becomes the Yazoo River in LeFlore County. The county was founded on December 31, 1833 after most of the Choctaw Nation was forced out under Indian Removal. Tallahatchie is a Choctaw name meaning \"rock of waters\". The", "id": "10555589" }, { "contents": "National Coal Heritage Area\n\n\nThe National Coal Heritage Area (NCHA) is a federally designated region of thirteen counties in West Virginia that were the source of \"smokeless\" bituminous coal through much of the 20th century. The National Heritage Area recognizes the area's cultural and historic qualities and serves to promote tourism, historic preservation and economic development in the region. The idea of the NCHA was first proposed in the early 1990s by Congressman Nick Rahall, and was established on November 12, 1996 by the 1996 Omnibus Parks and Public Lands Management Act. The", "id": "8963174" }, { "contents": "Muscle Shoals National Heritage Area\n\n\nMuscle Shoals National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the northwestern portion of the U.S. state of Alabama. It is centered on the portion of the Tennessee River around Muscle Shoals and interprets the region's history and culture. Muscle Shoals National Heritage Area comprises Lauderdale, Limestone, Colbert, Franklin, Lawrence and Morgan counties. Significant features of the heritage area include Wheeler Dam, Wilson Dam, Ivy Green, Rosenbaum House, Barton Hall and the northern end of the Natchez Trace. Muscle Shoals National Heritage Area was", "id": "16977602" }, { "contents": "Deer Creek (Mississippi)\n\n\nDeer Creek (also Issaquena Creek or Lower Deer Creek) is a creek in the U.S. state of Mississippi. Its source is Lake Bolivar, in Scott, Bolivar County, Mississippi. As Deer Creek flows south through the Mississippi Delta, it passes through the following counties: Bolivar, Washington, Sharkey, Issaquena, and Warren; and through the following communities: Metcalfe, Stoneville, Leland, Burdett, Arcola, Hollandale, Panther Burn, Nitta Yuma, Anguilla, Rolling Fork, Cary, Onward, and Valley Park.", "id": "1520113" }, { "contents": "Money, Mississippi\n\n\nMoney is an unincorporated Mississippi Delta community near Greenwood in Leflore County, Mississippi, United States. It has fewer than 100 residents, down from 400 in the early 1950s when a cotton mill operated there. Money is located on a railroad line along the Tallahatchie River, a tributary of the Yazoo River in the eastern part of the Mississippi Delta. The community has ZIP code 38945 in the Greenwood, Mississippi micropolitan area. Money is the site of the 1955 lynching of 14-year-old Emmett Till by white men, an event", "id": "15040548" }, { "contents": "Sharkey County, Mississippi\n\n\nSharkey County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. Part of the western border is formed by the Yazoo River. According to the 2010 census, the population was 4,916, making it the second-least populous county in Mississippi. Its county seat is Rolling Fork. The county is named after William L. Sharkey, the provisional Governor of Mississippi in 1865. Sharkey County is located in the Mississippi Delta region. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of , of which is land", "id": "10555635" }, { "contents": "Oil Region National Heritage Area\n\n\nOil Region National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the northwestern portion of the U.S. state of Pennsylvania. The national heritage area commemorates and promotes the region surrounding Edwin Drake's oil well of 1859 near Titusville, which gave rise to the modern oil industry. The national heritage area includes all of Venango County and a portion of Crawford County, including Titusville and Oil Creek Township The Oil Region National Heritage Area was established by Public Law 108-447 in 2004. It is administered by the Oil Region Alliance.", "id": "17389123" }, { "contents": "Delta National Forest\n\n\nDelta National Forest is a U.S. National Forest in western Mississippi, located in Sharkey County, and has an area of . Delta is operated as the Sunflower Wildlife Management Area. The forest is headquartered in Jackson, as are all six National Forests in Mississippi, but Delta Ranger District office is located in Rolling Fork. It is one of only six National Forests that are contained entirely within a single county and the only bottomland hardwood forest in the National Forest system. The Green Ash-Overcup Oak-Sweetgum Research Natural Areas within", "id": "3631940" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\ninfluences in the Mississippi River Delta. They continue to shape preferences of food, music, and art, as well as to maintain the unique identities existing in the southernmost parts of the region. Both cultures speak a form of French; but they are considered to be autonomous and distinct dialects. From 1910–1920, New Orleans became the birthplace of jazz and since has continued its legacy of being home to budding musicians and new musical experiences, tying music directly to its unique culture and diverse heritage. The origins of jazz and blues", "id": "16619580" }, { "contents": "Journey Through Hallowed Ground National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Journey Through Hallowed Ground National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in portions of Pennsylvania, West Virginia, Maryland and Virginia, in the eastern United States. The Journey Through Hallowed Ground National Heritage Area was established on May 8, 2008 by Public Law 110-229, the Consolidated Natural Resources Act of 2008.The designation provides a framework for the promotion and interpretation of the area's cultural and historic character, with particular emphasis on the region's role in the American Civil War, and the preservation of the natural", "id": "13516660" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta\n\n\nThe Mississippi Delta, also known as the Yazoo-Mississippi Delta, is the distinctive northwest section of the U.S. state of Mississippi (and portions of Arkansas and Louisiana) which lies between the Mississippi and Yazoo Rivers. The region has been called \"The Most Southern Place on Earth\" (\"Southern\" in the sense of \"characteristic of its region, the American South\"), because of its unique racial, cultural, and economic history. It is long and across at its widest point, encompassing about , or", "id": "15159888" }, { "contents": "Freedom's Way National Heritage Area\n\n\nFreedom's Way National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing portions of northern Massachusetts and southern New Hampshire. The heritage area includes sites significant to the American Revolution, cultural sites associated with Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau, and Native American sites. The heritage area seeks to preserve the region's landscape and historic structures. The National Heritage Area includes Minute Man National Historical Park, portions of Middlesex and Worcester counties in Massachusetts, and portions of Hillsborough County, New Hampshire, an area including a total of", "id": "14966358" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta\n\n\nside of the Mississippi River, another area of high poverty). The 1990s state legalization of casino gambling in Mississippi has boosted the Delta's economy, particularly in the areas of Tunica and Vicksburg. A large cultural influence in the region is its history of hunting and fishing. Hunting in the Delta is primarily for game such as whitetail deer, wild turkey, and waterfowl, along with many small game species (squirrel, rabbit, dove, quail, raccoon, etc.) For many years, the hunting and fishing", "id": "15159912" }, { "contents": "Baltimore National Heritage Area\n\n\nBaltimore National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing portions of Baltimore, Maryland, USA. The designated area includes the central portion of the city, waterfront, inner neighborhoods and portions of the city's park system. The district includes Fort McHenry and the Inner Harbor, as well as portions of the Charles Street, Falls Road, National Historic Seaport and Star Spangled Banner Maryland Scenic Byways. The Baltimore National Heritage Area was established on March 30, 2009 by the Omnibus Public Land Management Act of 2009 (§", "id": "8582841" }, { "contents": "B.B. King Museum\n\n\nThe B.B. King Museum and Delta Interpretive Center is a Delta blues museum with the mission to \"empower, unite and heal through music, art and education and share with the world the rich cultural heritage of the Mississippi Delta.\" The museum, named for blues legend, B.B. King, is located in his hometown of Indianola, Mississippi, in the United States. The B.B. King Museum and Delta Interpretive Center opened in Indianola Mississippi on September 13, 2008. The museum features a restored brick cotton gin building in which B.B.", "id": "17262603" }, { "contents": "Louise, Mississippi\n\n\nLouise is a town in Humphreys County, Mississippi. The population was 199 at the 2010 census, down from 315 at the 2000 census. Louise is located in southern Humphreys County at (32.981549, -90.591624), along Silver Creek in the Mississippi Delta region. Mississippi Highway 149 passes just east of the town, leading north to U.S. Route 49W at Silver City and south via Mississippi Highway 16 to Yazoo City. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town of Louise has a total area of , all land.", "id": "2222822" }, { "contents": "Arkansas Delta\n\n\nblues and gospel traditions. The East Central Delta area has produced a small number of talented and influential R&B artists. Arkansas's blues Influence, shares a rich heritage with Mississippi and Memphis, Tennessee. Arkansas was home to numerous blues masters, who are held in high esteem by newer generations learning blues history. Arkansas blues artists influenced decades of pop culture music by such artists as Muddy Waters, Little Milton, B.B. King, Eric Clapton, Jeff Beck, Joe Bonamassa, Stevie Ray Vaughan, George Harrison and the Rolling Stones", "id": "6558115" }, { "contents": "Cruger, Mississippi\n\n\nCruger is a town in Holmes County, Mississippi, United States. The population was 386 at the 2010 census, down from 449 at the 2000 census. Cruger is in the northwest corner of Holmes County, in the Mississippi Delta region along U.S. Route 49E. Greenwood is north of Cruger via US 49E, and Yazoo City is to the south. According to the United States Census Bureau, Cruger has a total area of , all land. As of the census of 2000, there were 449 people, 161 households, and", "id": "2222747" }, { "contents": "Carroll County, Mississippi\n\n\nCarroll County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 10,597. Its county seats are Carollton and Vaiden. The county is named for Charles Carroll of Carrollton, the last surviving signatory of the U.S. Declaration of Independence. Carroll County is part of the Greenwood, Micropolitan Statistical Area. Bordered by the Yazoo River on the west and the Big Black River to the east, it is considered within the Mississippi Delta region. Most of its land is in the hill country", "id": "10611479" }, { "contents": "Minter City, Mississippi\n\n\nMinter City is an unincorporated community located in Leflore County and in Tallahatchie County, Mississippi. It is part of the Greenwood, Mississippi micropolitan area, and is within the Mississippi Delta. Mississippi Highway 8 intersects U.S. Route 49E southwest of Minter City, and the Tallahatchie River flows to the east. There is a post office located on U.S. Route 49E, with a ZIP code of 38944. Variant names for the original settlement were \"Walnut Place Landing\" and \"Minter City Landing\". Spanish explorer Hernando de Soto may have", "id": "12467995" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta AVA\n\n\nThe Mississippi Delta AVA is an American Viticultural Area on the left (east) bank of the Mississippi River, between Memphis, Tennessee, and Vicksburg, Mississippi. It includes portions of the Mississippi Delta and the watershed of the lower Mississippi River in the U.S. states of Louisiana (west bank), Mississippi, and Tennessee. Since the creation of the AVA in 1984, there has been very little viticulture in the Mississippi Delta region. Mississippi State University established an enology laboratory to research grape cultivation in the area, but little", "id": "16585963" }, { "contents": "Greenwood, Mississippi\n\n\nGreenwood is a city in and the county seat of Leflore County, Mississippi, located at the eastern edge of the Mississippi Delta, approximately 96 miles north of the state capital, Jackson, Mississippi, and 130 miles south of the riverport of Memphis, Tennessee. It was a center of cotton planter culture in the 19th century. The population was 16,087 at the 2010 census. It is the principal city of the Greenwood Micropolitan Statistical Area. Greenwood developed at the confluence of the Tallahatchie and the Yalobusha rivers, which form the", "id": "3378194" }, { "contents": "Bolivar County, Mississippi\n\n\nBolivar County ( ) is a county located on the western border of the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 34,145. Its county seats are Rosedale and Cleveland. The county is named in honor of Simón Bolívar, early 19th-century leader of the liberation of several South American colonies from Spain. The Cleveland, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area includes all of Bolivar County. It is located in the Mississippi Delta, or Yazoo Basin, of Mississippi. This area was first developed for cotton plantations", "id": "10611493" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nmusic in the region is closely connected to the Mississippi River and the delta, as the location allowed for an influx of cultural influences, including blues and bluegrass music from upriver, to the African and Latin folk hymns and music from the Caribbean islands. The delta is still synonymous with the sounds of jazz, funk and zydeco and remains to be an important cultural hub for new sounds and music, bringing thousands to the area every year to experience the lifestyle and participate in the natural rhythms of the area. The region is", "id": "16619581" }, { "contents": "Essex National Heritage Commission\n\n\nThe Essex National Heritage Commission (ENHC) is a non-profit organization charted to oversee the Essex National Heritage Area, a National Heritage Area composed of all of Essex County, Massachusetts. The commission promotes the cultural heritage with public and private partnerships and with the National Park Service by developing programs that enhance, preserve and encourage regional awareness of the area's unique historic, cultural and natural resources. The commission is based in Salem. The organization has sponsored a number of events and programs that celebrate the region’s history,", "id": "16440799" }, { "contents": "Blue Ridge National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Blue Ridge National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing the twenty-five westernmost counties of North Carolina, which are associated with the Blue Ridge Mountains. The designation provides a framework for the promotion and interpretation of the area's cultural and historic character, and the preservation of the natural and built environment. The National Heritage Area includes the North Carolina portions of Great Smoky Mountains National Park and the Blue Ridge Parkway. Other attractions include Mount Mitchell in Pisgah National Forest, Nantahala National Forest and the North Carolina", "id": "9719864" }, { "contents": "Poverty Point\n\n\nPoverty Point State Historic Site (; 16 WC 5) is a prehistoric earthwork constructed by the Poverty Point culture. The Poverty Point site is located in present-day northeastern Louisiana though evidence of the Poverty Point culture extends throughout much of the Southeastern United States. The culture extended across the Mississippi Delta and south to the Gulf Coast. The Poverty Point site has been designated as a U.S. National Monument, a U.S. National Historic Landmark, and UNESCO World Heritage Site. Located in the Southern United States, the site is from the", "id": "10100047" }, { "contents": "Geography of Arkansas\n\n\nState Park, Delta Heritage Trail State Park, Felsenthal National Wildlife Refuge, Lake Chicot State Park, Mississippi River State Park, Overflow National Wildlife Refuge and White River National Wildlife Refuge. The flat topography and fertile soils of Southeast Arkansas have been important to the region throughout its history, first to the Native American that inhabited the region. This history is available today at museums like the Pine Bluff/Jefferson County Historical Museum. The area was one of the first explored and settled in Arkansas; including the territorial capital at Arkansas", "id": "17334085" }, { "contents": "Tchula, Mississippi\n\n\nhad vanished, partly due to increased use of machines in agriculture. Many businesses formerly in the town had disappeared. Tchula is in western Holmes County along Tchula Lake, an old river channel in the Mississippi Delta region of the state. U.S. Route 49E passes through the center of town, leading north to Greenwood and southwest to Yazoo. Mississippi Highway 12 leads southeast from Tchula to Lexington, the Holmes County seat. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of , of which , or 2.31", "id": "2222794" }, { "contents": "Freedom's Frontier National Heritage Area\n\n\nFreedom's Frontier National Heritage Area, Inc. (FFNHA) is a federally designated U.S. National Heritage Area located in eastern Kansas and Western Missouri. This heritage area preserves, conserves, and interprets historic and cultural landscapes pertaining to: the shaping of the frontier, the Missouri-Kansas Border War, and the enduring struggle for freedom. FFNHA was authorized on October 12, 2006, with the passage of the National Heritage Areas Act of 2006. The management plan for the heritage area was approved by the Board of Trustees on June", "id": "353294" }, { "contents": "Sunflower County, Mississippi\n\n\nSunflower County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 29,450. Its largest city and county seat is Indianola. Sunflower County comprises the Indianola, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is included in the Cleveland-Indianola, MS Combined Statistical Area. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region. Sunflower Country was created in 1844. The land mass encompassed most of Sunflower and Leflore Counties as we know them today. The first seat of government was Clayton, located near", "id": "10555603" }, { "contents": "Atchafalaya National Heritage Area\n\n\nAtchafalaya National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing parts of fourteen parishes along the Atchafalaya River in the U.S. State of Louisiana. The heritage area extends the length of the Atchafalaya Basin from the area of Ferriday in the north to the river's mouth beyond Morgan City. The National Heritage Area is divided into four regions: Upper, Between 2 Rivers, Bayou Teche Corridor and the Coastal Zone. The designation provides a framework for the promotion and interpretation of the area's cultural and historic character, and the preservation", "id": "9171577" }, { "contents": "Niagara Falls National Heritage Area\n\n\nNiagara Falls National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing the Niagara Falls region of the U.S. State of New York. The heritage area includes the communities of Niagara Falls, Youngstown and Lewiston. The designation provides a framework for the promotion and interpretation of the area's cultural and historic character, and the preservation of the natural and built environment. The heritage area designation recognizes the area's importance to Native Americans, to early European explorers of America, the American Revolution, the War of 1812 and the area's", "id": "9115304" }, { "contents": "Warren County, Mississippi\n\n\nWarren County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 48,773. Its county seat is Vicksburg. Created by legislative act of 22 December 1809, Warren County is named for American Revolutionary War officer Joseph Warren. Part of the Mississippi Delta and the historic cotton culture, Warren County is included in the Vicksburg, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Jackson-Vicksburg-Brookhaven, MS Combined Statistical Area. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the", "id": "10555530" }, { "contents": "Greenwood, Mississippi micropolitan area\n\n\nThe Greenwood Micropolitan Statistical Area is a micropolitan area in the northwestern Delta region of Mississippi that covers two counties - Leflore and Carroll. As of the 2000 census, the μSA had a population of 48,716 (though a July 1, 2009 estimate placed the population at 44,841). As of the census of 2000, there were 48,716 people, 17,027 households, and 11,956 families residing within the μSA. The racial makeup of the μSA was 37.22% White, 60.85% African American, 0.10% Native American, 0.54% Asian", "id": "8919330" }, { "contents": "James Thomas (blues musician)\n\n\n\". In 1985, his work was featured in the prestigious Corcoran Gallery in Washington, D.C., where he was introduced to Nancy Reagan, then the First Lady. Thomas's skulls are on display in the Delta Blues Museum, in Clarksdale, Mississippi, and the Highway 61 Blues Museum, in Leland, Mississippi. Thomas played at numerous blues festivals and private parties throughout the area, including the Mississippi Delta Blues and Heritage Festival in Greenville. In the 1970s, Eddie Cusic performed with Thomas at regular engagements. Together they", "id": "17330513" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nand is an important coastal region for the United States, containing more than of coastal wetlands and 37% of the estuarine marsh in the conterminous U.S. The coastal area is the nation's largest drainage basin and drains about 41% of the contiguous United States into the Gulf of Mexico at an average rate of . The modern Mississippi River Delta formed over the last approximately 4,500 years as the Mississippi River deposited sand, clay and silt along its banks and in adjacent basins. The Mississippi River Delta is a river-dominated delta system", "id": "16619564" }, { "contents": "Arabia Mountain National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Arabia Mountain National Heritage Area is a National Heritage Area in the U.S. state of Georgia that encompasses natural, cultural, and historical elements to form a cohesive, nationally significant environment. The area is due east of Atlanta and spans reaching from the historic commercial center of Lithonia to the Monastery of the Holy Spirit in Conyers, including a number of sites in between, including Panola Mountain State Park, Davidson-Arabia Mountain Nature Preserve, the Mall at Stonecrest, and more. The Heritage Area was established in 2006, and", "id": "352970" }, { "contents": "Sangre de Cristo National Heritage Area\n\n\nSangre de Cristo National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the south central portion of the U.S. state of Colorado. The heritage area includes the San Luis Valley and portions of the Sangre de Cristo Range. The region combines influences of Anglo-American, Hispano-American and Native American influences. It also includes portions of the upper Rio Grande valley. The national heritage area includes Alamosa, Costilla, and Conejos counties, and portions of Saguache and Rio Grande counties. It also includes within its boundaries Great Sand", "id": "17389640" }, { "contents": "Delta State–Mississippi College football rivalry\n\n\nThe Delta State–Mississippi College football rivalry, commonly known as the Heritage Bell Classic, is a college football rivalry game between a public university and a private Christian college in the U.S. state of Mississippi, the Delta State University Statesmen and the Mississippi College Choctaws. The current winner is Delta State, who won, 28–21, on November 10, 2018. Delta State leads the all-time series, 22–15–2. The Delta State Statesmen were co-founding members of the Gulf South Conference in 1970. Mississippi College joined the", "id": "15797675" }, { "contents": "Delta blues\n\n\nDelta blues is one of the earliest-known styles of blues music. It originated in the Mississippi Delta, a region of the U.S. stretching from Memphis, Tennessee, in the north to Vicksburg, Mississippi, in the south and from Helena, Arkansas, in the west to the Yazoo River in the east. The Mississippi Delta is famous for its fertile soil and for its poverty. Delta blues is regarded as a regional variant of country blues. Guitar and harmonica are its dominant instruments; slide guitar is a hallmark of", "id": "7794018" }, { "contents": "Arkansas Delta\n\n\na decline. Charles Bowden of \"National Geographic\" wrote, \"By 1970 the sharecropping world was already disappearing, and the landscape of today—huge fields, giant machines, battered towns, few people—beginning to emerge.\" The Arkansas Delta is known for its rich musical heritage. While defined primarily by its deep blues/gospel roots, it is distinguished somewhat from its Mississippi Delta counterpart by more intricately interwoven country music and R&B elements. Arkansas blues musicians have defined every genre of blues from its inception, including", "id": "6558110" }, { "contents": "Greenwood High School (Mississippi)\n\n\nGreenwood High School is a public high school located in Greenwood, Leflore County, in the U.S. state of Mississippi. The school is part of the Greenwood Public School District. Greenwood, Mississippi, is a town of slightly over 15,000 residents located on the banks of the Yazoo River about south of Memphis, Tennessee, and about north of Jackson, Mississippi. The city and county are named after Greenwood Leflore, the designated leader of the Choctaw nation who ceded Mississippi land under pressure of the 1830 Indian Removal Act to the United", "id": "4541464" }, { "contents": "Upper Housatonic Valley National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Upper Housatonic Valley National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the U.S. states of Connecticut and Massachusetts. The heritage area interprets and promotes the historical, cultural and scenic features of the upper Housatonic River valley in the western part of both states. The heritage area focuses on five themes: the area's role as a resort for writers, artists, actors and musicians, the scenic landscape, the area's role in industry, the American Revolutionary War, and the social and religious groups associated with the area", "id": "17597179" }, { "contents": "National Heritage Area\n\n\nA National Heritage Area is a site designated by United States and intended to encourage historic preservation of the area and an appreciation of the history and heritage of the site. There are currently 55 National Heritage Areas, some of which use variations of the title, such as National Heritage Corridor. National Heritage Areas (NHAs) are not National Park Service units or federally owned or managed land. NHAs are administered by state governments or non-profit organizations or other private corporations, referred to as \"local coordinating entities\". The", "id": "2301876" }, { "contents": "Lackawanna Heritage Valley National and State Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Lackawanna Heritage Valley National and State Heritage Area is a state and federally designated National Heritage Area in northeastern Pennsylvania. It was initially established in 1991 as the first State Heritage Park in Pennsylvania, and was additionally designated a National Heritage Area in 2000. The designations recognize the area's heritage of industry, architecture, history and natural resources, and provide a framework for development and promotion of these features. The Lackawanna Heritage Valley National and State Heritage Area is managed by the Lackawanna Heritage Valley Authority, or LHVA. The National", "id": "16220344" }, { "contents": "Kenai Mountains – Turnagain Arm National Heritage Area\n\n\nKenai Mountains – Turnagain Arm National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the U.S. state of Alaska. The heritage area extends across the northern part of the Kenai Peninsula, immediately to the north and east of Kenai Fjords National Park. The designation recognizes the area's unique cultural, scenic and historical features and provides a unified organization for promotion of the area's attractions. The Kenai Mountains – Turnagain Arm National Heritage Area (KMTA) includes the road corridor between Seward and Hope and Whittier, from Resurrection Bay in", "id": "16167272" }, { "contents": "Mayersville, Mississippi\n\n\nMayersville is a town on the east bank of the Mississippi River, and the county seat for Issaquena County, Mississippi, United States. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region, known for cotton cultivation in the antebellum era. Once the trading center for the county, the town was superseded when railroads were built into the area. The population of the majority-black town was 547 at the 2010 census, down from 795 at the 2000 census. Native Americans had lived in this area since prehistoric times. The Mayersville", "id": "2222833" }, { "contents": "Crenshaw, Mississippi\n\n\nCrenshaw is a town in Panola and Quitman counties in the U.S. state of Mississippi. The population was 916 at the 2000 census. Crenshaw is located at (34.502661, -90.195841). Most of the town is in Panola County with a small portion on the west side in Quitman County. In the 2000 census, 697 of the town's 916 residents (76.1%) lived in Panola County and 219 (23.9%) in Quitman County. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of", "id": "17931693" }, { "contents": "Panola County, Mississippi\n\n\nPanola County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 34,707. Its county seats are Sardis and Batesville. Panola is the anglicization of \"ponolo\", a word meaning thread in both old Choctaw and Chickasaw and cotton in modern Choctaw. The county is located just east of the Mississippi Delta and bisected by the Tallahatchie River flowing to the southwest, separating the two county seats. Panola County was established February 9, 1836, and is one of the twelve large", "id": "10555705" }, { "contents": "MotorCities National Heritage Area\n\n\nMotorCities National Heritage Area or Motor Cities National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area that commemorates and promotes the automobile industry in Metro Detroit, with portions of 16 counties in southern Michigan, United States. The scope of the heritage area includes sites and events relating to the motor industry as well as the industry's impact on labor, society and the environment. The heritage area comprises more than 1200 automotive-related sites, including the Henry Ford Museum, Fair Lane, various Ford plants, the Automotive Hall of Fame", "id": "16976479" }, { "contents": "Great Basin National Heritage Area\n\n\nGreat Basin National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in Nevada and Utah, including White Pine County, Nevada and Millard County, Utah. The area was designated to recognize and promote the scenic and cultural resources associated with this central portion of the Great Basin. The National Heritage Area includes Great Basin National Park and portions of Humboldt-Toiyabe and Fishlake National Forests, as well as Fort Deseret, Sevier Lake and the Topaz War Relocation Center. Great Basin National Heritage Area was designated on October 13, 2006.", "id": "15909144" }, { "contents": "Crowder, Mississippi\n\n\nCrowder is a town in Panola and Quitman counties in the state of Mississippi. The population was 766 at the 2000 census. Most of Crowder is in Quitman County with a portion on the east in adjacent Panola County. In the 2000 census, 462 of the town's 766 residents (60.3%) lived in Quitman County and 304 (39.7%) in Panola County. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 0.4 square miles (1.2 km², all land. As of the", "id": "17931698" }, { "contents": "Rivers of Steel National Heritage Area\n\n\nRivers of Steel National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in southwestern Pennsylvania, centered on Pittsburgh and oriented around the interpretation and promotion of the region's steel-making heritage. The area roughly covers the valleys of the Ohio, Monongahela and lower Allegheny rivers. Major interpretive locations include the Carrie Furnace, Pinkerton's Landing Bridge and other features of the Homestead Steel Works. The national heritage area comprises Allegheny, Armstrong, Beaver, Butler, Greene, Fayette, Washington and Westmoreland counties. Rivers of Steel National Heritage", "id": "17389345" }, { "contents": "Crowley's Ridge Parkway\n\n\nroute which allowed the traveler to experience the Southern heritage of the area. The National Scenic Byway designation came the following year, with an extension into Missouri in 2000. The majority of the route is in Arkansas, and the parkway begins in Phillips County, Arkansas, in Helena-West Helena very near the Helena Bridge over the Mississippi River. Beginning at US Route 49 (US 49) and running north with US 49 Business (US 49B), the route passes historic properties including the Delta Cultural Center, the Jerome", "id": "1149985" }, { "contents": "Issaquena County, Mississippi\n\n\nIssaquena County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 1,406, making it the least populous county in the United States east of the Mississippi River. Its county seat is Mayersville. With a per-capita income of $18,598, Issaquena County is the poorest county in the United States. Issaquena County is located in the Mississippi Delta region. The Mississippi River flows along the entire western boundary of the county, and many of the earliest communities were river ports.", "id": "10611264" }, { "contents": "Delta Regional Authority\n\n\n, Mississippi; Tunica County, Mississippi; Union County, Mississippi; Walthall County, Mississippi; Warren County, Mississippi; Washington County, Mississippi; Wilkinson County, Mississippi; Yalobusha County, Mississippi; Yazoo County, Mississippi Missouri Bollinger County, Missouri; Butler County, Missouri; Cape Girardeau County, Missouri; Carter County, Missouri; Crawford County, Missouri; Dent County, Missouri; Douglas County, Missouri; Dunklin County, Missouri; Howell County, Missouri; Iron County, Missouri; Madison County, Missouri; Mississippi", "id": "11170385" }, { "contents": "Tunica County, Mississippi\n\n\nTunica County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 10,778. Its county seat is Tunica. The county is named for the Tunica Native Americans. Most migrated to central Louisiana during the colonial period. Tunica County is part of the Memphis, TN-MS-AR Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region. Since the late 20th century, it is known for Tunica Resorts (formerly Robinsonville), an unincorporated community that is the site", "id": "10555567" }, { "contents": "Emmett Till\n\n\nin the Mississippi Delta are memorialized as associated with Till. Emmett Till was born in 1941 in Chicago; he was the son of Mamie Carthan (1921–2003) and Louis Till (1922–1945). Emmett's mother Mamie was born in the small Delta town of Webb, Mississippi. The Delta region encompasses the large, multi-county area of northwestern Mississippi in the watershed of the Yazoo and Mississippi rivers. When Carthan was two years old, her family moved to Argo, Illinois, as part of the Great Migration of rural", "id": "2570054" }, { "contents": "History of New Orleans\n\n\nUnion during the Civil War. With its rich and unique cultural and architectural heritage, it remains a major destination for tourism, conventions, and major sports events, even after the major destruction and loss of life resulting from Hurricane Katrina in 2005. The land mass that was to become the city of New Orleans was formed around 2200 BC when the Mississippi River deposited silt creating the delta region. Before Europeans founded the settlement, the area was inhabited by Native Americans for about 1300 years. The Mississippian culture peoples built mounds and", "id": "3084005" }, { "contents": "B.B. King Museum\n\n\nKing worked in the 1940s. The museum also contains an extensive collection of artifacts owned by King and displays exhibits about his life and the lives of other musicians of the delta region and the culture where the blues arose. The museum commemorates the famous blues artist, B.B King, who was from the Mississippi Delta. The museum has multiple exhibits highlighting King's Delta Blue music. Exhibits include interactive exhibits, King memorabilia, and stories. The museum seeks to help preserve Delta Blues and its culture by promoting its importance. In", "id": "17262604" }, { "contents": "Missouri Bootheel\n\n\nwrites: Given the population in the area, even a moderately sized earthquake would be disastrous. The Bootheel (pronounced Boothill in the region) is on the edge of the Mississippi Delta culture that produced the Delta blues. Its relatively large black population makes it distinct from the rest of rural Missouri. The area has a unique rural black culture reflected in its music, churches and other traditions. The black population ranges from about 26% in Pemiscot County, to 15% in New Madrid County, and about 9% in", "id": "12618286" }, { "contents": "Moorhead, Mississippi\n\n\nMoorhead is a city in Sunflower County, Mississippi. As of the 2000 census, the city population was 2,573. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of , of which is land and 0.77% is water. Moorhead is along U.S. Route 82, east of Indianola. Moorhead is located at the intersection of the Southern and Yazoo Delta railroads. This is the origin of the legendary blues crossroads phrase \"where the Southern cross the Dog\". As of the 2010 United States Census,", "id": "2223816" }, { "contents": "Blanche Bruce\n\n\nsteamboat porter on the Mississippi River. In 1864, he moved to Hannibal, Missouri, where he established a school for black children. In 1868, during Reconstruction, Bruce relocated to Bolivar near Cleveland in northwestern Mississippi, at which he purchased a Mississippi Delta plantation. He became a wealthy landowner of several thousand acres in the Mississippi Delta. He was appointed to the positions of Tallahatchie County registrar of voters and tax assessor before he won an election for sheriff in Bolivar County. He later was elected to other county positions,", "id": "13640962" }, { "contents": "Delta, Mississippi\n\n\nDelta is a ghost town in Coahoma County, Mississippi, United States. Once a thriving port on the Mississippi River, Delta today is covered by farmland and a portion of the Mississippi Levee. Nothing remains of the original settlement. The county seat was moved from Port Royal to Delta in 1842. In 1844, Delta was surveyed and laid off into lots. The town had a population of about 700, and was a busy steamboat port. Delta incorporated in 1848. That same year, the river flooded the town,", "id": "8584565" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nbenefits that are unique to the region. These vital resources are at constant risk of being lost with the continual land loss and the decreasing size of the natural coastal area. The Mississippi River Delta has a strong economy which relies heavily on tourism and recreational activities such as fishing, hunting and wildlife watching as well as commercial fishing, oil, gas, and shipping industries. There are a number of major industries in the Mississippi River Delta that drive the local and national economy, including: In total, the five Gulf Coast", "id": "16619584" }, { "contents": "Holmes County, Mississippi\n\n\nHolmes County is a county in the U.S. state of Mississippi; its western border is formed by the Yazoo River and the eastern border by the Big Black River. The western part of the county is within the Yazoo-Mississippi Delta. As of the 2010 census, the population was 19,198. Its county seat is Lexington. The county is named in honor of David Holmes, territorial governor and the first governor of the state of Mississippi and later United States Senator for Mississippi. A favorite son, Edmond Favor Noel, was", "id": "10611282" }, { "contents": "Greenville, Mississippi\n\n\nGreenville is a city in, and the county seat of, Washington County, Mississippi, United States. The population was 34,400 at the 2010 census. It is located in the area of historic cotton plantations and culture known as the Mississippi Delta. This area was occupied by indigenous peoples for thousands of years. When the French explored here, they encountered the historic Natchez people. As part of their colony known as \"La Louisiane\", the French established a settlement at what became Natchez, Mississippi. Other Native American tribes", "id": "2224007" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nartery. In addition to shipping, local and commercial fisheries continued to expand. The discovery of vast oil and gas deposits brought further economic and environmental changes to the delta. Despite these profound changes, the delta today remains very much rooted in the vibrant cultural and social traditions of its residents. The Mississippi River Delta is home to more than two million people. The location of the delta at the mouth of the Mississippi River allowed for the area to be a cultural gateway into the United States, and influenced the mix of", "id": "16619576" }, { "contents": "Essex Heritage\n\n\nEssex Heritage is a non-profit organization charted to promote the cultural heritage of Essex County in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. Working with both public and private partnerships and with the National Park Service, the group supports and develops programs that enhance, preserve and encourage regional awareness of the area’s unique historic, cultural and natural resources. Headquartered in Salem, Massachusetts, the Commission services the 34 communities of Essex County. It has been recognized by the United States Congress in recognition of the important role that this region played in American", "id": "16609234" }, { "contents": "Washington County, Mississippi\n\n\nWashington County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 51,137. Its county seat is Greenville. The county is named in honor of the first President of the United States, George Washington. The Greenville, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area includes all of Washington County. It is located in the Mississippi Delta. Located in the Mississippi Delta, Washington County was first developed for cotton cultivation in the antebellum years. Most plantations were developed to have access to the rivers, which", "id": "10555522" }, { "contents": "Mississippi\n\n\nIsland. The northwest remainder of the state consists of the Mississippi Delta, a section of the Mississippi Alluvial Plain. The plain is narrow in the south and widens north of Vicksburg. The region has rich soil, partly made up of silt which had been regularly deposited by the flood waters of the Mississippi River. Areas under the management of the National Park Service include: Mississippi City Population Rankings of at least 50,000 (United States Census Bureau as of 2017): Mississippi City Population Rankings of at least 20,000 but fewer than", "id": "21293458" }, { "contents": "Belzoni, Mississippi\n\n\nBelzoni ( ) is a city in Humphreys County, Mississippi, in the Mississippi Delta region, on the Yazoo River. The population was 2,235 at the 2010 census. It is the county seat of Humphreys County. It was named for the 19th-century Italian archaeologist/explorer Giovanni Battista Belzoni. The area was named Farm-Raised Catfish Capital of the World in 1976 by then Governor Cliff Finch, since it produces more farm-raised catfish than any other U.S. county. About of the county are under water in ponds", "id": "2222804" }, { "contents": "2011 Mississippi River floods\n\n\nfrom Vicksburg was cut off for more than two weeks. U.S. Highway 61 between Vicksburg and Port Gibson was closed by backwater flooding along the Big Black River on May 12; it reopened June 1. Another portion of U.S. Highway 61 near Redwood was closed by backwater flooding along the Yazoo River on May 13 and was closed until June 3. In anticipation of major flooding, the U.S. federal government declared 14 counties along the Mississippi River, the Thames River: Adams, Bolivar, Claiborne, Coahoma, DeSoto, Humphreys, Issaquena", "id": "8214155" }, { "contents": "Memphis, Tennessee\n\n\nother places in the world could offer cheaper labor, and the workforce was undereducated for today's challenges. The Memphis Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA), the 42nd largest in the United States, has a 2010 population of 1,316,100 and includes the Tennessee counties of Shelby, Tipton and Fayette; as well as the northern Mississippi counties of DeSoto, Marshall, Tate, and Tunica; and Crittenden County, Arkansas, all part of the Mississippi Delta. The total metropolitan area has a higher proportion of whites and a higher per capita", "id": "4225772" }, { "contents": "Northern Plains National Heritage Area\n\n\nNorthern Plains National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area along an length of the Missouri River in central North Dakota. The heritage area promotes and interprets the scenic, cultural and historic heritage of the region. It extends from Knife River Indian Villages National Historic Site to Huff Indian Village State Historic Site The area interprets the history of the Three Affiliated Tribes, the passage of the Lewis and Clark Expedition, the fur trade, steamboats on the Missouri and Fort Abraham Lincoln. It also interprets the area's association with the", "id": "17044952" }, { "contents": "Tornado outbreak of April 22–25, 2010\n\n\ncrossed the Mississippi River shortly thereafter, and damaged or destroyed numerous homes on the north side of Eagle Lake. The tornado then moved across the Delta National Forest in Issaquena and Sharkey Counties, causing major tree damage. The tornado again caused significant home damage northwest of Satartia, and again as it crossed Highway 3 near the Crupp community. The tornado then moved through rural areas southwest of Yazoo City, causing major damage or total destruction of a number of homes, as well as intense tree damage. As the tornado approached the", "id": "5566995" }, { "contents": "Segregation academy\n\n\npercent of Virginia's non-Hispanic white students attended these isolated schools., In Mississippi, many of the segregation academies were first established in the black-majority Mississippi Delta region in northwestern Mississippi. The Delta has historically had a very large majority-black population, related to the history of the use of slave labor on cotton plantations. The potential for integration resulted in white parents' establishing segregation academies in every county in the Delta. Many academies are still operating, from Indianola, Mississippi to Humphreys County. These schools", "id": "16560206" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nnationalities which settled in the area over time, forming the diversity of the region. Louisiana's first 18th century colonists were French, but they were soon joined by Spanish and Acadian settlers. The region has been home to other European-immigrant ethnic groups, beginning in the 19th century, including German, Sicilian, and Irish. There are also the Africans, West Indians, and Native Americans in the mix. The combination of these groups over time has created the special culture found in the Mississippi River Delta. Two unique", "id": "16619577" }, { "contents": "Champlain Valley National Heritage Area\n\n\nClinton, Essex, Warren, Saratoga and Washington counties in New York, and Bennington, Rutland, Addison, Chittenden, Franklin and Grand Isle counties in Vermont. Attractions located within the National Heritage Area include Fort Ticonderoga, the Lake Champlain Maritime Museum, Saratoga National Historical Park, portions of Adirondack Park and Green Mountain National Forest, Missisquoi National Wildlife Refuge and the Lake Champlain Underwater Historic Preserves. The Champlain Valley National Heritage Area was established by the Champlain Valley National Heritage Act of 2005. It is administered by the Champlain Valley", "id": "9913189" }, { "contents": "Atchafalaya National Heritage Area\n\n\nof the natural and built environment. The heritage area designation recognizes the area's unique environment and culture, and its contributions to music, English and French language, literature, and cuisine. Major locales included in the Heritage Area include Avery Island, New Iberia, Morgan City, Lafayette, Opelousas, Baton Rouge, Plaquemine and Houma. Jean Lafitte National Historical Park, Longfellow-Evangeline State Historic Site and Plaquemine Lock State Historic Site are included in the heritage area, as well as the Louisiana State Museum branches in Baton Rouge", "id": "9171578" }, { "contents": "Bryant Clark\n\n\nBryant W. Clark (born October 31, 1974) is an American politician from the state of Mississippi. A member of the Democratic Party, Clark is a member of the Mississippi House of Representatives, and represents the 47th district. He has served in the Mississippi House since 2004. The district includes parts of Attala, Holmes and Yazoo counties, which is located in central Mississippi. The district comprises both the Hills and Mississippi Delta regions of the state. Clark is a lifelong resident of Ebenezer, located in southern Holmes County", "id": "18412525" }, { "contents": "Louisiana African American Heritage Trail\n\n\nLouisiana African American Heritage Trail () is a cultural heritage trail with 26 sites designated in 2008 by the state of Louisiana, from New Orleans along the Mississippi River to Baton Rouge and Shreveport, with sites in small towns and plantations also included. In New Orleans several sites are within a walking area. Auto travel is required to reach sites outside the city. A variety of African-American museums devoted to art, history and culture are on the \"trail\", as is the Cane River Creole National Historical Park,", "id": "6088712" }, { "contents": "Delta Blues Museum\n\n\nThe Delta Blues Museum in Clarksdale, Mississippi, United States exists to collect, preserve, and provide public access to and awareness of the blues. Along with holdings of significant blues-related memorabilia, the museum also exhibits and collects art portraying the blues tradition, including works by sculptor Floyd Shaman and photographer Birney Imes. The museum is located in the Yazoo and Mississippi Valley Passenger Depot, also known as Illinois Central Passenger Depot or Clarksdale Passenger Depot, which was built in 1926 and listed on the National Register of Historic Places", "id": "19201111" }, { "contents": "Clarksdale, Mississippi\n\n\nClarksdale is a city in Coahoma County, Mississippi, United States, and seat of the county. The western boundary of the county is formed by the Mississippi River. Located in the Mississippi Delta region, Clarksdale is an agricultural and trading center. It has been home to many blues musicians. Clarksdale is named after John Clark, who founded the city in the mid-19th century. Choctaw and Chickasaw Indians occupied the Delta region prior to the arrival of European settlers. Clarksdale was developed at the former intersection of two Indian routes:", "id": "2119137" }, { "contents": "Education segregation in the Mississippi Delta\n\n\nThe Mississippi Delta region has had the most segregated schools -- and for the longest time—of any part of the United States. As recently as the 2016–2017 school year, East Side High School in Cleveland, Mississippi, was practically all black: 359 of 360 students were African-American. The Delta region of Mississippi is nineteen counties in the northwest of the state, bounded on the west by the Mississippi River and the south by the Yazoo River. It is a poor region of the country's poorest state. In", "id": "13439199" } ]

[ { "contents": "Mississippi Delta National Heritage Area\n\n\nMississippi Delta National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area that seeks to preserve and promote the landscape, culture and history of the Mississippi Delta in the northwestern portion of the U.S. state of Mississippi. The region is famous for blues music and a unique culture that has had broad influence on music and literature, both in the United States and worldwide. The national heritage area comprises Bolivar, Carroll, Coahoma, Desoto, Holmes, Humphreys, Issaquena, Leflore, Panola, Quitman, Sharkey, Tallahatchie, Tate, Tunica", "id": "16296069" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta\n\n\nyears. The land is flat and contains some of the most fertile soil in the world. It is two hundred miles long and seventy miles across at its widest point, encompassing approximately 4,415,000 acres, or, some 7,000 square miles of alluvial floodplain. On the east, it is bounded by bluffs extending beyond the Yazoo River. It includes all or part of the following counties: Washington, Western DeSoto, Humphreys, Carroll, Issaquena, Western Panola, Quitman, Bolivar, Coahoma, Leflore, Sunflower, Sharkey, Tate", "id": "15159893" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta Community College\n\n\nof Mississippi in April 1928. The name was changed to Mississippi Delta Junior College in 1960 and to Mississippi Delta Community College in 1989. The official service area of the college includes Bolivar, Humphreys, Issaquena, Leflore, Sharkey, Sunflower, and Washington counties. Coahoma County was originally in the college's service area, but the Mississippi Legislature removed it effective July 1, 1995, and it is now served by the Coahoma Community College. The main campus is located in Moorhead, Mississippi. Stauffer-Wood Administration Building houses", "id": "21307039" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Gulf Coast National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Mississippi Gulf Coast National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area along the Gulf coast of Mississippi. The designated area comprises six counties recognized for their unique cultural and scenic qualities. The National Heritage Area designation provides a unified marketing and promotional framework for the region. The National Heritage Area comprises Pearl River, Stone, George, Hancock, Harrison and Jackson counties. It includes the Mississippi portion of Gulf Islands National Seashore. The area was devastated by Hurricane Katrina in 2005. Much of the national heritage area's efforts", "id": "16361240" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Hills National Heritage Area\n\n\nMississippi Hills National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the northeastern portion of the U.S. state of Mississippi. The designation commemorates the region's impact on American culture and its role in the American Civil War and the American civil rights movement. The national heritage area designation provides a unified marketing and promotion framework for the area. The national heritage area covers all of Marshall, Benton, Tippah, Alcorn, Tishomingo, Lafayette, Union, Pontotoc, Lee, Itawamba, Calhoun, Chickasaw and Monroe counties, and those", "id": "17388610" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River floods of 2019\n\n\nwith some inundated by 15 feet of water. The Yazoo Backwater Area in the Mississippi Delta north of Vicksburg, Mississippi, experienced both record flood stages and record duration of flooding during the winter, spring, and summer of 2019. Portions of Warren, Issaquena, Sharkey, Yazoo, Humphreys, and Washington Counties were flooded. Almost half of the land area of Issaquena and Sharkey Counties experienced flooding. In late May, flood waters covered over 860 square miles (550,000 acres or 220,000 hectares), including about 390 square miles", "id": "13577492" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta\n\n\n, Tunica, Tallahatchie, Western Holmes, Western Yazoo, Western Grenada and Warren. Lexington is also part of the delta. The shifting river delta at the mouth of the Mississippi on the Gulf Coast lies some 300 miles south of this area, and is referred to as the Mississippi River Delta. The two should not be confused. Chinese began settling in Bolivar County and other Delta counties as plantation workers in the 1870s, though most Delta Chinese families migrated to the state between the 1900s and 1930s. Most Chinese immigrants worked", "id": "15159894" }, { "contents": "George W. Gayles\n\n\n1882, and then again in 1884 and 1886. In the House, he represented the 28th district, which included Bolivar, Coahoma, and Quitman County.In the Senate, he represented the ninth district, including Bolivar, Calhoun, and Sunflower counties. He was also chairman of the Third district Republican Convention in 1886 in Mississippi consisting of Bolivar, Coahoma, Issaquena, Leflore, Sunflower, Sharkey, Tunica, Quitman, Washington, and Warren counties. He was the only black state senator in Mississippi during his terms and", "id": "20783617" }, { "contents": "Coahoma County, Mississippi\n\n\nCoahoma County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 26,151. Its county seat is Clarksdale. The Clarksdale, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area includes all of Coahoma County. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region of Mississippi. Coahoma County was established February 9, 1836, and is located in the northwestern part of the state in the fertile Yazoo Delta region. The name \"Coahoma\" is a Choctaw word meaning \"red panther.\" The act creating the county", "id": "10611425" }, { "contents": "Delta Regional Authority\n\n\nMississippi; Jefferson Davis County, Mississippi; Lawrence County, Mississippi; Leflore County, Mississippi; Lafayette County, Mississippi; Madison County, Mississippi; Marion County, Mississippi; Lincoln County, Mississippi; Montgomery County, Mississippi; Panola County, Mississippi; Marshall County, Mississippi; Quitman County, Mississippi; Rankin County, Mississippi; Pike County, Mississippi; Smith County, Mississippi; Sunflower County, Mississippi; Sharkey County, Mississippi; Simpson County, Mississippi; Tippah County, Mississippi; Tallahatchie County, Mississippi; Tate County", "id": "11170384" }, { "contents": "Delta Regional Authority\n\n\nLouisiana; Winn Parish, Louisiana Mississippi Adams County, Mississippi; Amite County, Mississippi; Attala County, Mississippi; Benton County, Mississippi; Bolivar County, Mississippi; Carroll County, Mississippi; Claiborne County, Mississippi; Coahoma County, Mississippi; Copiah County, Mississippi; Covington County, Mississippi; DeSoto County, Mississippi; Franklin County, Mississippi; Grenada County, Mississippi; Hinds County, Mississippi; Holmes County, Mississippi; Humphreys County, Mississippi; Issaquena County, Mississippi; Jasper County, Mississippi; Jefferson County,", "id": "11170383" }, { "contents": "South Park National Heritage Area\n\n\nSouth Park National Heritage Area is a U.S. National Heritage Area encompassing the South Park of Colorado. Established on March 30, 2009 by the Omnibus Public Land Management Act of 2009 (§7002), the South Park NHA is managed by the Park County, Colorado Office of Tourism to promote and interpret the area's natural, scenic, and cultural resources. The National Heritage Area designation funds promotion of the area's mining, recreation, and ranching heritage. The National Heritage Area covers the majority of Park County, including the", "id": "8157140" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Civil Rights Museum\n\n\n2017, the Mississippi Department of Archives and History brought in Pam Junior as the new museum Director. Junior came from the Smith Robertson Museum and Cultural Center in Jackson, where she had been manager since 1999. Junior is a member of the board of directors for the Mississippi Delta National Heritage Area and Mississippi Book Festival and a co-founder of the Mississippi Black Theater Festival The museum hired Hilferty & Associates to design exhibits for the museum, which were fabricated by Exhibit Concepts. Monadnock Media designed the audio portions of the exhibits", "id": "6914076" }, { "contents": "Leflore County, Mississippi\n\n\nLeflore County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 32,317. The county seat is Greenwood. The county is named for Choctaw leader Greenwood LeFlore, who signed a treaty to cede his people's land to the United States in exchange for land in Indian Territory. LeFlore stayed in Mississippi, settling on land reserved for him in Tallahatchie County. Leflore County is part of the Greenwood, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region, with", "id": "10611085" }, { "contents": "Tallahatchie County, Mississippi\n\n\nTallahatchie County is a county in the U.S. state of Mississippi. At the 2010 census, the population was 15,378. Its county seats are Charleston and Sumner. Tallahatchie County is located in the Mississippi Delta region, divided by the Tallahatchie River which runs from north to south through the county before joining what becomes the Yazoo River in LeFlore County. The county was founded on December 31, 1833 after most of the Choctaw Nation was forced out under Indian Removal. Tallahatchie is a Choctaw name meaning \"rock of waters\". The", "id": "10555589" }, { "contents": "National Coal Heritage Area\n\n\nThe National Coal Heritage Area (NCHA) is a federally designated region of thirteen counties in West Virginia that were the source of \"smokeless\" bituminous coal through much of the 20th century. The National Heritage Area recognizes the area's cultural and historic qualities and serves to promote tourism, historic preservation and economic development in the region. The idea of the NCHA was first proposed in the early 1990s by Congressman Nick Rahall, and was established on November 12, 1996 by the 1996 Omnibus Parks and Public Lands Management Act. The", "id": "8963174" }, { "contents": "Muscle Shoals National Heritage Area\n\n\nMuscle Shoals National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the northwestern portion of the U.S. state of Alabama. It is centered on the portion of the Tennessee River around Muscle Shoals and interprets the region's history and culture. Muscle Shoals National Heritage Area comprises Lauderdale, Limestone, Colbert, Franklin, Lawrence and Morgan counties. Significant features of the heritage area include Wheeler Dam, Wilson Dam, Ivy Green, Rosenbaum House, Barton Hall and the northern end of the Natchez Trace. Muscle Shoals National Heritage Area was", "id": "16977602" }, { "contents": "Deer Creek (Mississippi)\n\n\nDeer Creek (also Issaquena Creek or Lower Deer Creek) is a creek in the U.S. state of Mississippi. Its source is Lake Bolivar, in Scott, Bolivar County, Mississippi. As Deer Creek flows south through the Mississippi Delta, it passes through the following counties: Bolivar, Washington, Sharkey, Issaquena, and Warren; and through the following communities: Metcalfe, Stoneville, Leland, Burdett, Arcola, Hollandale, Panther Burn, Nitta Yuma, Anguilla, Rolling Fork, Cary, Onward, and Valley Park.", "id": "1520113" }, { "contents": "Money, Mississippi\n\n\nMoney is an unincorporated Mississippi Delta community near Greenwood in Leflore County, Mississippi, United States. It has fewer than 100 residents, down from 400 in the early 1950s when a cotton mill operated there. Money is located on a railroad line along the Tallahatchie River, a tributary of the Yazoo River in the eastern part of the Mississippi Delta. The community has ZIP code 38945 in the Greenwood, Mississippi micropolitan area. Money is the site of the 1955 lynching of 14-year-old Emmett Till by white men, an event", "id": "15040548" }, { "contents": "Sharkey County, Mississippi\n\n\nSharkey County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. Part of the western border is formed by the Yazoo River. According to the 2010 census, the population was 4,916, making it the second-least populous county in Mississippi. Its county seat is Rolling Fork. The county is named after William L. Sharkey, the provisional Governor of Mississippi in 1865. Sharkey County is located in the Mississippi Delta region. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of , of which is land", "id": "10555635" }, { "contents": "Oil Region National Heritage Area\n\n\nOil Region National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the northwestern portion of the U.S. state of Pennsylvania. The national heritage area commemorates and promotes the region surrounding Edwin Drake's oil well of 1859 near Titusville, which gave rise to the modern oil industry. The national heritage area includes all of Venango County and a portion of Crawford County, including Titusville and Oil Creek Township The Oil Region National Heritage Area was established by Public Law 108-447 in 2004. It is administered by the Oil Region Alliance.", "id": "17389123" }, { "contents": "Delta National Forest\n\n\nDelta National Forest is a U.S. National Forest in western Mississippi, located in Sharkey County, and has an area of . Delta is operated as the Sunflower Wildlife Management Area. The forest is headquartered in Jackson, as are all six National Forests in Mississippi, but Delta Ranger District office is located in Rolling Fork. It is one of only six National Forests that are contained entirely within a single county and the only bottomland hardwood forest in the National Forest system. The Green Ash-Overcup Oak-Sweetgum Research Natural Areas within", "id": "3631940" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\ninfluences in the Mississippi River Delta. They continue to shape preferences of food, music, and art, as well as to maintain the unique identities existing in the southernmost parts of the region. Both cultures speak a form of French; but they are considered to be autonomous and distinct dialects. From 1910–1920, New Orleans became the birthplace of jazz and since has continued its legacy of being home to budding musicians and new musical experiences, tying music directly to its unique culture and diverse heritage. The origins of jazz and blues", "id": "16619580" }, { "contents": "Journey Through Hallowed Ground National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Journey Through Hallowed Ground National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in portions of Pennsylvania, West Virginia, Maryland and Virginia, in the eastern United States. The Journey Through Hallowed Ground National Heritage Area was established on May 8, 2008 by Public Law 110-229, the Consolidated Natural Resources Act of 2008.The designation provides a framework for the promotion and interpretation of the area's cultural and historic character, with particular emphasis on the region's role in the American Civil War, and the preservation of the natural", "id": "13516660" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta\n\n\nThe Mississippi Delta, also known as the Yazoo-Mississippi Delta, is the distinctive northwest section of the U.S. state of Mississippi (and portions of Arkansas and Louisiana) which lies between the Mississippi and Yazoo Rivers. The region has been called \"The Most Southern Place on Earth\" (\"Southern\" in the sense of \"characteristic of its region, the American South\"), because of its unique racial, cultural, and economic history. It is long and across at its widest point, encompassing about , or", "id": "15159888" }, { "contents": "Freedom's Way National Heritage Area\n\n\nFreedom's Way National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing portions of northern Massachusetts and southern New Hampshire. The heritage area includes sites significant to the American Revolution, cultural sites associated with Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau, and Native American sites. The heritage area seeks to preserve the region's landscape and historic structures. The National Heritage Area includes Minute Man National Historical Park, portions of Middlesex and Worcester counties in Massachusetts, and portions of Hillsborough County, New Hampshire, an area including a total of", "id": "14966358" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta\n\n\nside of the Mississippi River, another area of high poverty). The 1990s state legalization of casino gambling in Mississippi has boosted the Delta's economy, particularly in the areas of Tunica and Vicksburg. A large cultural influence in the region is its history of hunting and fishing. Hunting in the Delta is primarily for game such as whitetail deer, wild turkey, and waterfowl, along with many small game species (squirrel, rabbit, dove, quail, raccoon, etc.) For many years, the hunting and fishing", "id": "15159912" }, { "contents": "Baltimore National Heritage Area\n\n\nBaltimore National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing portions of Baltimore, Maryland, USA. The designated area includes the central portion of the city, waterfront, inner neighborhoods and portions of the city's park system. The district includes Fort McHenry and the Inner Harbor, as well as portions of the Charles Street, Falls Road, National Historic Seaport and Star Spangled Banner Maryland Scenic Byways. The Baltimore National Heritage Area was established on March 30, 2009 by the Omnibus Public Land Management Act of 2009 (§", "id": "8582841" }, { "contents": "B.B. King Museum\n\n\nThe B.B. King Museum and Delta Interpretive Center is a Delta blues museum with the mission to \"empower, unite and heal through music, art and education and share with the world the rich cultural heritage of the Mississippi Delta.\" The museum, named for blues legend, B.B. King, is located in his hometown of Indianola, Mississippi, in the United States. The B.B. King Museum and Delta Interpretive Center opened in Indianola Mississippi on September 13, 2008. The museum features a restored brick cotton gin building in which B.B.", "id": "17262603" }, { "contents": "Louise, Mississippi\n\n\nLouise is a town in Humphreys County, Mississippi. The population was 199 at the 2010 census, down from 315 at the 2000 census. Louise is located in southern Humphreys County at (32.981549, -90.591624), along Silver Creek in the Mississippi Delta region. Mississippi Highway 149 passes just east of the town, leading north to U.S. Route 49W at Silver City and south via Mississippi Highway 16 to Yazoo City. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town of Louise has a total area of , all land.", "id": "2222822" }, { "contents": "Arkansas Delta\n\n\nblues and gospel traditions. The East Central Delta area has produced a small number of talented and influential R&B artists. Arkansas's blues Influence, shares a rich heritage with Mississippi and Memphis, Tennessee. Arkansas was home to numerous blues masters, who are held in high esteem by newer generations learning blues history. Arkansas blues artists influenced decades of pop culture music by such artists as Muddy Waters, Little Milton, B.B. King, Eric Clapton, Jeff Beck, Joe Bonamassa, Stevie Ray Vaughan, George Harrison and the Rolling Stones", "id": "6558115" }, { "contents": "Cruger, Mississippi\n\n\nCruger is a town in Holmes County, Mississippi, United States. The population was 386 at the 2010 census, down from 449 at the 2000 census. Cruger is in the northwest corner of Holmes County, in the Mississippi Delta region along U.S. Route 49E. Greenwood is north of Cruger via US 49E, and Yazoo City is to the south. According to the United States Census Bureau, Cruger has a total area of , all land. As of the census of 2000, there were 449 people, 161 households, and", "id": "2222747" }, { "contents": "Carroll County, Mississippi\n\n\nCarroll County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 10,597. Its county seats are Carollton and Vaiden. The county is named for Charles Carroll of Carrollton, the last surviving signatory of the U.S. Declaration of Independence. Carroll County is part of the Greenwood, Micropolitan Statistical Area. Bordered by the Yazoo River on the west and the Big Black River to the east, it is considered within the Mississippi Delta region. Most of its land is in the hill country", "id": "10611479" }, { "contents": "Minter City, Mississippi\n\n\nMinter City is an unincorporated community located in Leflore County and in Tallahatchie County, Mississippi. It is part of the Greenwood, Mississippi micropolitan area, and is within the Mississippi Delta. Mississippi Highway 8 intersects U.S. Route 49E southwest of Minter City, and the Tallahatchie River flows to the east. There is a post office located on U.S. Route 49E, with a ZIP code of 38944. Variant names for the original settlement were \"Walnut Place Landing\" and \"Minter City Landing\". Spanish explorer Hernando de Soto may have", "id": "12467995" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta AVA\n\n\nThe Mississippi Delta AVA is an American Viticultural Area on the left (east) bank of the Mississippi River, between Memphis, Tennessee, and Vicksburg, Mississippi. It includes portions of the Mississippi Delta and the watershed of the lower Mississippi River in the U.S. states of Louisiana (west bank), Mississippi, and Tennessee. Since the creation of the AVA in 1984, there has been very little viticulture in the Mississippi Delta region. Mississippi State University established an enology laboratory to research grape cultivation in the area, but little", "id": "16585963" }, { "contents": "Greenwood, Mississippi\n\n\nGreenwood is a city in and the county seat of Leflore County, Mississippi, located at the eastern edge of the Mississippi Delta, approximately 96 miles north of the state capital, Jackson, Mississippi, and 130 miles south of the riverport of Memphis, Tennessee. It was a center of cotton planter culture in the 19th century. The population was 16,087 at the 2010 census. It is the principal city of the Greenwood Micropolitan Statistical Area. Greenwood developed at the confluence of the Tallahatchie and the Yalobusha rivers, which form the", "id": "3378194" }, { "contents": "Bolivar County, Mississippi\n\n\nBolivar County ( ) is a county located on the western border of the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 34,145. Its county seats are Rosedale and Cleveland. The county is named in honor of Simón Bolívar, early 19th-century leader of the liberation of several South American colonies from Spain. The Cleveland, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area includes all of Bolivar County. It is located in the Mississippi Delta, or Yazoo Basin, of Mississippi. This area was first developed for cotton plantations", "id": "10611493" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nmusic in the region is closely connected to the Mississippi River and the delta, as the location allowed for an influx of cultural influences, including blues and bluegrass music from upriver, to the African and Latin folk hymns and music from the Caribbean islands. The delta is still synonymous with the sounds of jazz, funk and zydeco and remains to be an important cultural hub for new sounds and music, bringing thousands to the area every year to experience the lifestyle and participate in the natural rhythms of the area. The region is", "id": "16619581" }, { "contents": "Essex National Heritage Commission\n\n\nThe Essex National Heritage Commission (ENHC) is a non-profit organization charted to oversee the Essex National Heritage Area, a National Heritage Area composed of all of Essex County, Massachusetts. The commission promotes the cultural heritage with public and private partnerships and with the National Park Service by developing programs that enhance, preserve and encourage regional awareness of the area's unique historic, cultural and natural resources. The commission is based in Salem. The organization has sponsored a number of events and programs that celebrate the region’s history,", "id": "16440799" }, { "contents": "Blue Ridge National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Blue Ridge National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing the twenty-five westernmost counties of North Carolina, which are associated with the Blue Ridge Mountains. The designation provides a framework for the promotion and interpretation of the area's cultural and historic character, and the preservation of the natural and built environment. The National Heritage Area includes the North Carolina portions of Great Smoky Mountains National Park and the Blue Ridge Parkway. Other attractions include Mount Mitchell in Pisgah National Forest, Nantahala National Forest and the North Carolina", "id": "9719864" }, { "contents": "Poverty Point\n\n\nPoverty Point State Historic Site (; 16 WC 5) is a prehistoric earthwork constructed by the Poverty Point culture. The Poverty Point site is located in present-day northeastern Louisiana though evidence of the Poverty Point culture extends throughout much of the Southeastern United States. The culture extended across the Mississippi Delta and south to the Gulf Coast. The Poverty Point site has been designated as a U.S. National Monument, a U.S. National Historic Landmark, and UNESCO World Heritage Site. Located in the Southern United States, the site is from the", "id": "10100047" }, { "contents": "Geography of Arkansas\n\n\nState Park, Delta Heritage Trail State Park, Felsenthal National Wildlife Refuge, Lake Chicot State Park, Mississippi River State Park, Overflow National Wildlife Refuge and White River National Wildlife Refuge. The flat topography and fertile soils of Southeast Arkansas have been important to the region throughout its history, first to the Native American that inhabited the region. This history is available today at museums like the Pine Bluff/Jefferson County Historical Museum. The area was one of the first explored and settled in Arkansas; including the territorial capital at Arkansas", "id": "17334085" }, { "contents": "Tchula, Mississippi\n\n\nhad vanished, partly due to increased use of machines in agriculture. Many businesses formerly in the town had disappeared. Tchula is in western Holmes County along Tchula Lake, an old river channel in the Mississippi Delta region of the state. U.S. Route 49E passes through the center of town, leading north to Greenwood and southwest to Yazoo. Mississippi Highway 12 leads southeast from Tchula to Lexington, the Holmes County seat. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of , of which , or 2.31", "id": "2222794" }, { "contents": "Freedom's Frontier National Heritage Area\n\n\nFreedom's Frontier National Heritage Area, Inc. (FFNHA) is a federally designated U.S. National Heritage Area located in eastern Kansas and Western Missouri. This heritage area preserves, conserves, and interprets historic and cultural landscapes pertaining to: the shaping of the frontier, the Missouri-Kansas Border War, and the enduring struggle for freedom. FFNHA was authorized on October 12, 2006, with the passage of the National Heritage Areas Act of 2006. The management plan for the heritage area was approved by the Board of Trustees on June", "id": "353294" }, { "contents": "Sunflower County, Mississippi\n\n\nSunflower County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 29,450. Its largest city and county seat is Indianola. Sunflower County comprises the Indianola, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is included in the Cleveland-Indianola, MS Combined Statistical Area. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region. Sunflower Country was created in 1844. The land mass encompassed most of Sunflower and Leflore Counties as we know them today. The first seat of government was Clayton, located near", "id": "10555603" }, { "contents": "Atchafalaya National Heritage Area\n\n\nAtchafalaya National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing parts of fourteen parishes along the Atchafalaya River in the U.S. State of Louisiana. The heritage area extends the length of the Atchafalaya Basin from the area of Ferriday in the north to the river's mouth beyond Morgan City. The National Heritage Area is divided into four regions: Upper, Between 2 Rivers, Bayou Teche Corridor and the Coastal Zone. The designation provides a framework for the promotion and interpretation of the area's cultural and historic character, and the preservation", "id": "9171577" }, { "contents": "Niagara Falls National Heritage Area\n\n\nNiagara Falls National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing the Niagara Falls region of the U.S. State of New York. The heritage area includes the communities of Niagara Falls, Youngstown and Lewiston. The designation provides a framework for the promotion and interpretation of the area's cultural and historic character, and the preservation of the natural and built environment. The heritage area designation recognizes the area's importance to Native Americans, to early European explorers of America, the American Revolution, the War of 1812 and the area's", "id": "9115304" }, { "contents": "Warren County, Mississippi\n\n\nWarren County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 48,773. Its county seat is Vicksburg. Created by legislative act of 22 December 1809, Warren County is named for American Revolutionary War officer Joseph Warren. Part of the Mississippi Delta and the historic cotton culture, Warren County is included in the Vicksburg, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Jackson-Vicksburg-Brookhaven, MS Combined Statistical Area. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the", "id": "10555530" }, { "contents": "Greenwood, Mississippi micropolitan area\n\n\nThe Greenwood Micropolitan Statistical Area is a micropolitan area in the northwestern Delta region of Mississippi that covers two counties - Leflore and Carroll. As of the 2000 census, the μSA had a population of 48,716 (though a July 1, 2009 estimate placed the population at 44,841). As of the census of 2000, there were 48,716 people, 17,027 households, and 11,956 families residing within the μSA. The racial makeup of the μSA was 37.22% White, 60.85% African American, 0.10% Native American, 0.54% Asian", "id": "8919330" }, { "contents": "James Thomas (blues musician)\n\n\n\". In 1985, his work was featured in the prestigious Corcoran Gallery in Washington, D.C., where he was introduced to Nancy Reagan, then the First Lady. Thomas's skulls are on display in the Delta Blues Museum, in Clarksdale, Mississippi, and the Highway 61 Blues Museum, in Leland, Mississippi. Thomas played at numerous blues festivals and private parties throughout the area, including the Mississippi Delta Blues and Heritage Festival in Greenville. In the 1970s, Eddie Cusic performed with Thomas at regular engagements. Together they", "id": "17330513" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nand is an important coastal region for the United States, containing more than of coastal wetlands and 37% of the estuarine marsh in the conterminous U.S. The coastal area is the nation's largest drainage basin and drains about 41% of the contiguous United States into the Gulf of Mexico at an average rate of . The modern Mississippi River Delta formed over the last approximately 4,500 years as the Mississippi River deposited sand, clay and silt along its banks and in adjacent basins. The Mississippi River Delta is a river-dominated delta system", "id": "16619564" }, { "contents": "Arabia Mountain National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Arabia Mountain National Heritage Area is a National Heritage Area in the U.S. state of Georgia that encompasses natural, cultural, and historical elements to form a cohesive, nationally significant environment. The area is due east of Atlanta and spans reaching from the historic commercial center of Lithonia to the Monastery of the Holy Spirit in Conyers, including a number of sites in between, including Panola Mountain State Park, Davidson-Arabia Mountain Nature Preserve, the Mall at Stonecrest, and more. The Heritage Area was established in 2006, and", "id": "352970" }, { "contents": "Sangre de Cristo National Heritage Area\n\n\nSangre de Cristo National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the south central portion of the U.S. state of Colorado. The heritage area includes the San Luis Valley and portions of the Sangre de Cristo Range. The region combines influences of Anglo-American, Hispano-American and Native American influences. It also includes portions of the upper Rio Grande valley. The national heritage area includes Alamosa, Costilla, and Conejos counties, and portions of Saguache and Rio Grande counties. It also includes within its boundaries Great Sand", "id": "17389640" }, { "contents": "Delta State–Mississippi College football rivalry\n\n\nThe Delta State–Mississippi College football rivalry, commonly known as the Heritage Bell Classic, is a college football rivalry game between a public university and a private Christian college in the U.S. state of Mississippi, the Delta State University Statesmen and the Mississippi College Choctaws. The current winner is Delta State, who won, 28–21, on November 10, 2018. Delta State leads the all-time series, 22–15–2. The Delta State Statesmen were co-founding members of the Gulf South Conference in 1970. Mississippi College joined the", "id": "15797675" }, { "contents": "Delta blues\n\n\nDelta blues is one of the earliest-known styles of blues music. It originated in the Mississippi Delta, a region of the U.S. stretching from Memphis, Tennessee, in the north to Vicksburg, Mississippi, in the south and from Helena, Arkansas, in the west to the Yazoo River in the east. The Mississippi Delta is famous for its fertile soil and for its poverty. Delta blues is regarded as a regional variant of country blues. Guitar and harmonica are its dominant instruments; slide guitar is a hallmark of", "id": "7794018" }, { "contents": "Arkansas Delta\n\n\na decline. Charles Bowden of \"National Geographic\" wrote, \"By 1970 the sharecropping world was already disappearing, and the landscape of today—huge fields, giant machines, battered towns, few people—beginning to emerge.\" The Arkansas Delta is known for its rich musical heritage. While defined primarily by its deep blues/gospel roots, it is distinguished somewhat from its Mississippi Delta counterpart by more intricately interwoven country music and R&B elements. Arkansas blues musicians have defined every genre of blues from its inception, including", "id": "6558110" }, { "contents": "Greenwood High School (Mississippi)\n\n\nGreenwood High School is a public high school located in Greenwood, Leflore County, in the U.S. state of Mississippi. The school is part of the Greenwood Public School District. Greenwood, Mississippi, is a town of slightly over 15,000 residents located on the banks of the Yazoo River about south of Memphis, Tennessee, and about north of Jackson, Mississippi. The city and county are named after Greenwood Leflore, the designated leader of the Choctaw nation who ceded Mississippi land under pressure of the 1830 Indian Removal Act to the United", "id": "4541464" }, { "contents": "Upper Housatonic Valley National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Upper Housatonic Valley National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the U.S. states of Connecticut and Massachusetts. The heritage area interprets and promotes the historical, cultural and scenic features of the upper Housatonic River valley in the western part of both states. The heritage area focuses on five themes: the area's role as a resort for writers, artists, actors and musicians, the scenic landscape, the area's role in industry, the American Revolutionary War, and the social and religious groups associated with the area", "id": "17597179" }, { "contents": "National Heritage Area\n\n\nA National Heritage Area is a site designated by United States and intended to encourage historic preservation of the area and an appreciation of the history and heritage of the site. There are currently 55 National Heritage Areas, some of which use variations of the title, such as National Heritage Corridor. National Heritage Areas (NHAs) are not National Park Service units or federally owned or managed land. NHAs are administered by state governments or non-profit organizations or other private corporations, referred to as \"local coordinating entities\". The", "id": "2301876" }, { "contents": "Lackawanna Heritage Valley National and State Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Lackawanna Heritage Valley National and State Heritage Area is a state and federally designated National Heritage Area in northeastern Pennsylvania. It was initially established in 1991 as the first State Heritage Park in Pennsylvania, and was additionally designated a National Heritage Area in 2000. The designations recognize the area's heritage of industry, architecture, history and natural resources, and provide a framework for development and promotion of these features. The Lackawanna Heritage Valley National and State Heritage Area is managed by the Lackawanna Heritage Valley Authority, or LHVA. The National", "id": "16220344" }, { "contents": "Kenai Mountains – Turnagain Arm National Heritage Area\n\n\nKenai Mountains – Turnagain Arm National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the U.S. state of Alaska. The heritage area extends across the northern part of the Kenai Peninsula, immediately to the north and east of Kenai Fjords National Park. The designation recognizes the area's unique cultural, scenic and historical features and provides a unified organization for promotion of the area's attractions. The Kenai Mountains – Turnagain Arm National Heritage Area (KMTA) includes the road corridor between Seward and Hope and Whittier, from Resurrection Bay in", "id": "16167272" }, { "contents": "Mayersville, Mississippi\n\n\nMayersville is a town on the east bank of the Mississippi River, and the county seat for Issaquena County, Mississippi, United States. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region, known for cotton cultivation in the antebellum era. Once the trading center for the county, the town was superseded when railroads were built into the area. The population of the majority-black town was 547 at the 2010 census, down from 795 at the 2000 census. Native Americans had lived in this area since prehistoric times. The Mayersville", "id": "2222833" }, { "contents": "Crenshaw, Mississippi\n\n\nCrenshaw is a town in Panola and Quitman counties in the U.S. state of Mississippi. The population was 916 at the 2000 census. Crenshaw is located at (34.502661, -90.195841). Most of the town is in Panola County with a small portion on the west side in Quitman County. In the 2000 census, 697 of the town's 916 residents (76.1%) lived in Panola County and 219 (23.9%) in Quitman County. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of", "id": "17931693" }, { "contents": "Panola County, Mississippi\n\n\nPanola County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 34,707. Its county seats are Sardis and Batesville. Panola is the anglicization of \"ponolo\", a word meaning thread in both old Choctaw and Chickasaw and cotton in modern Choctaw. The county is located just east of the Mississippi Delta and bisected by the Tallahatchie River flowing to the southwest, separating the two county seats. Panola County was established February 9, 1836, and is one of the twelve large", "id": "10555705" }, { "contents": "MotorCities National Heritage Area\n\n\nMotorCities National Heritage Area or Motor Cities National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area that commemorates and promotes the automobile industry in Metro Detroit, with portions of 16 counties in southern Michigan, United States. The scope of the heritage area includes sites and events relating to the motor industry as well as the industry's impact on labor, society and the environment. The heritage area comprises more than 1200 automotive-related sites, including the Henry Ford Museum, Fair Lane, various Ford plants, the Automotive Hall of Fame", "id": "16976479" }, { "contents": "Great Basin National Heritage Area\n\n\nGreat Basin National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in Nevada and Utah, including White Pine County, Nevada and Millard County, Utah. The area was designated to recognize and promote the scenic and cultural resources associated with this central portion of the Great Basin. The National Heritage Area includes Great Basin National Park and portions of Humboldt-Toiyabe and Fishlake National Forests, as well as Fort Deseret, Sevier Lake and the Topaz War Relocation Center. Great Basin National Heritage Area was designated on October 13, 2006.", "id": "15909144" }, { "contents": "Crowder, Mississippi\n\n\nCrowder is a town in Panola and Quitman counties in the state of Mississippi. The population was 766 at the 2000 census. Most of Crowder is in Quitman County with a portion on the east in adjacent Panola County. In the 2000 census, 462 of the town's 766 residents (60.3%) lived in Quitman County and 304 (39.7%) in Panola County. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 0.4 square miles (1.2 km², all land. As of the", "id": "17931698" }, { "contents": "Rivers of Steel National Heritage Area\n\n\nRivers of Steel National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in southwestern Pennsylvania, centered on Pittsburgh and oriented around the interpretation and promotion of the region's steel-making heritage. The area roughly covers the valleys of the Ohio, Monongahela and lower Allegheny rivers. Major interpretive locations include the Carrie Furnace, Pinkerton's Landing Bridge and other features of the Homestead Steel Works. The national heritage area comprises Allegheny, Armstrong, Beaver, Butler, Greene, Fayette, Washington and Westmoreland counties. Rivers of Steel National Heritage", "id": "17389345" }, { "contents": "Crowley's Ridge Parkway\n\n\nroute which allowed the traveler to experience the Southern heritage of the area. The National Scenic Byway designation came the following year, with an extension into Missouri in 2000. The majority of the route is in Arkansas, and the parkway begins in Phillips County, Arkansas, in Helena-West Helena very near the Helena Bridge over the Mississippi River. Beginning at US Route 49 (US 49) and running north with US 49 Business (US 49B), the route passes historic properties including the Delta Cultural Center, the Jerome", "id": "1149985" }, { "contents": "Issaquena County, Mississippi\n\n\nIssaquena County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 1,406, making it the least populous county in the United States east of the Mississippi River. Its county seat is Mayersville. With a per-capita income of $18,598, Issaquena County is the poorest county in the United States. Issaquena County is located in the Mississippi Delta region. The Mississippi River flows along the entire western boundary of the county, and many of the earliest communities were river ports.", "id": "10611264" }, { "contents": "Delta Regional Authority\n\n\n, Mississippi; Tunica County, Mississippi; Union County, Mississippi; Walthall County, Mississippi; Warren County, Mississippi; Washington County, Mississippi; Wilkinson County, Mississippi; Yalobusha County, Mississippi; Yazoo County, Mississippi Missouri Bollinger County, Missouri; Butler County, Missouri; Cape Girardeau County, Missouri; Carter County, Missouri; Crawford County, Missouri; Dent County, Missouri; Douglas County, Missouri; Dunklin County, Missouri; Howell County, Missouri; Iron County, Missouri; Madison County, Missouri; Mississippi", "id": "11170385" }, { "contents": "Tunica County, Mississippi\n\n\nTunica County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 10,778. Its county seat is Tunica. The county is named for the Tunica Native Americans. Most migrated to central Louisiana during the colonial period. Tunica County is part of the Memphis, TN-MS-AR Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region. Since the late 20th century, it is known for Tunica Resorts (formerly Robinsonville), an unincorporated community that is the site", "id": "10555567" }, { "contents": "Emmett Till\n\n\nin the Mississippi Delta are memorialized as associated with Till. Emmett Till was born in 1941 in Chicago; he was the son of Mamie Carthan (1921–2003) and Louis Till (1922–1945). Emmett's mother Mamie was born in the small Delta town of Webb, Mississippi. The Delta region encompasses the large, multi-county area of northwestern Mississippi in the watershed of the Yazoo and Mississippi rivers. When Carthan was two years old, her family moved to Argo, Illinois, as part of the Great Migration of rural", "id": "2570054" }, { "contents": "History of New Orleans\n\n\nUnion during the Civil War. With its rich and unique cultural and architectural heritage, it remains a major destination for tourism, conventions, and major sports events, even after the major destruction and loss of life resulting from Hurricane Katrina in 2005. The land mass that was to become the city of New Orleans was formed around 2200 BC when the Mississippi River deposited silt creating the delta region. Before Europeans founded the settlement, the area was inhabited by Native Americans for about 1300 years. The Mississippian culture peoples built mounds and", "id": "3084005" }, { "contents": "B.B. King Museum\n\n\nKing worked in the 1940s. The museum also contains an extensive collection of artifacts owned by King and displays exhibits about his life and the lives of other musicians of the delta region and the culture where the blues arose. The museum commemorates the famous blues artist, B.B King, who was from the Mississippi Delta. The museum has multiple exhibits highlighting King's Delta Blue music. Exhibits include interactive exhibits, King memorabilia, and stories. The museum seeks to help preserve Delta Blues and its culture by promoting its importance. In", "id": "17262604" }, { "contents": "Missouri Bootheel\n\n\nwrites: Given the population in the area, even a moderately sized earthquake would be disastrous. The Bootheel (pronounced Boothill in the region) is on the edge of the Mississippi Delta culture that produced the Delta blues. Its relatively large black population makes it distinct from the rest of rural Missouri. The area has a unique rural black culture reflected in its music, churches and other traditions. The black population ranges from about 26% in Pemiscot County, to 15% in New Madrid County, and about 9% in", "id": "12618286" }, { "contents": "Moorhead, Mississippi\n\n\nMoorhead is a city in Sunflower County, Mississippi. As of the 2000 census, the city population was 2,573. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of , of which is land and 0.77% is water. Moorhead is along U.S. Route 82, east of Indianola. Moorhead is located at the intersection of the Southern and Yazoo Delta railroads. This is the origin of the legendary blues crossroads phrase \"where the Southern cross the Dog\". As of the 2010 United States Census,", "id": "2223816" }, { "contents": "Blanche Bruce\n\n\nsteamboat porter on the Mississippi River. In 1864, he moved to Hannibal, Missouri, where he established a school for black children. In 1868, during Reconstruction, Bruce relocated to Bolivar near Cleveland in northwestern Mississippi, at which he purchased a Mississippi Delta plantation. He became a wealthy landowner of several thousand acres in the Mississippi Delta. He was appointed to the positions of Tallahatchie County registrar of voters and tax assessor before he won an election for sheriff in Bolivar County. He later was elected to other county positions,", "id": "13640962" }, { "contents": "Delta, Mississippi\n\n\nDelta is a ghost town in Coahoma County, Mississippi, United States. Once a thriving port on the Mississippi River, Delta today is covered by farmland and a portion of the Mississippi Levee. Nothing remains of the original settlement. The county seat was moved from Port Royal to Delta in 1842. In 1844, Delta was surveyed and laid off into lots. The town had a population of about 700, and was a busy steamboat port. Delta incorporated in 1848. That same year, the river flooded the town,", "id": "8584565" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nbenefits that are unique to the region. These vital resources are at constant risk of being lost with the continual land loss and the decreasing size of the natural coastal area. The Mississippi River Delta has a strong economy which relies heavily on tourism and recreational activities such as fishing, hunting and wildlife watching as well as commercial fishing, oil, gas, and shipping industries. There are a number of major industries in the Mississippi River Delta that drive the local and national economy, including: In total, the five Gulf Coast", "id": "16619584" }, { "contents": "Holmes County, Mississippi\n\n\nHolmes County is a county in the U.S. state of Mississippi; its western border is formed by the Yazoo River and the eastern border by the Big Black River. The western part of the county is within the Yazoo-Mississippi Delta. As of the 2010 census, the population was 19,198. Its county seat is Lexington. The county is named in honor of David Holmes, territorial governor and the first governor of the state of Mississippi and later United States Senator for Mississippi. A favorite son, Edmond Favor Noel, was", "id": "10611282" }, { "contents": "Greenville, Mississippi\n\n\nGreenville is a city in, and the county seat of, Washington County, Mississippi, United States. The population was 34,400 at the 2010 census. It is located in the area of historic cotton plantations and culture known as the Mississippi Delta. This area was occupied by indigenous peoples for thousands of years. When the French explored here, they encountered the historic Natchez people. As part of their colony known as \"La Louisiane\", the French established a settlement at what became Natchez, Mississippi. Other Native American tribes", "id": "2224007" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nartery. In addition to shipping, local and commercial fisheries continued to expand. The discovery of vast oil and gas deposits brought further economic and environmental changes to the delta. Despite these profound changes, the delta today remains very much rooted in the vibrant cultural and social traditions of its residents. The Mississippi River Delta is home to more than two million people. The location of the delta at the mouth of the Mississippi River allowed for the area to be a cultural gateway into the United States, and influenced the mix of", "id": "16619576" }, { "contents": "Essex Heritage\n\n\nEssex Heritage is a non-profit organization charted to promote the cultural heritage of Essex County in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. Working with both public and private partnerships and with the National Park Service, the group supports and develops programs that enhance, preserve and encourage regional awareness of the area’s unique historic, cultural and natural resources. Headquartered in Salem, Massachusetts, the Commission services the 34 communities of Essex County. It has been recognized by the United States Congress in recognition of the important role that this region played in American", "id": "16609234" }, { "contents": "Washington County, Mississippi\n\n\nWashington County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 51,137. Its county seat is Greenville. The county is named in honor of the first President of the United States, George Washington. The Greenville, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area includes all of Washington County. It is located in the Mississippi Delta. Located in the Mississippi Delta, Washington County was first developed for cotton cultivation in the antebellum years. Most plantations were developed to have access to the rivers, which", "id": "10555522" }, { "contents": "Mississippi\n\n\nIsland. The northwest remainder of the state consists of the Mississippi Delta, a section of the Mississippi Alluvial Plain. The plain is narrow in the south and widens north of Vicksburg. The region has rich soil, partly made up of silt which had been regularly deposited by the flood waters of the Mississippi River. Areas under the management of the National Park Service include: Mississippi City Population Rankings of at least 50,000 (United States Census Bureau as of 2017): Mississippi City Population Rankings of at least 20,000 but fewer than", "id": "21293458" }, { "contents": "Belzoni, Mississippi\n\n\nBelzoni ( ) is a city in Humphreys County, Mississippi, in the Mississippi Delta region, on the Yazoo River. The population was 2,235 at the 2010 census. It is the county seat of Humphreys County. It was named for the 19th-century Italian archaeologist/explorer Giovanni Battista Belzoni. The area was named Farm-Raised Catfish Capital of the World in 1976 by then Governor Cliff Finch, since it produces more farm-raised catfish than any other U.S. county. About of the county are under water in ponds", "id": "2222804" }, { "contents": "2011 Mississippi River floods\n\n\nfrom Vicksburg was cut off for more than two weeks. U.S. Highway 61 between Vicksburg and Port Gibson was closed by backwater flooding along the Big Black River on May 12; it reopened June 1. Another portion of U.S. Highway 61 near Redwood was closed by backwater flooding along the Yazoo River on May 13 and was closed until June 3. In anticipation of major flooding, the U.S. federal government declared 14 counties along the Mississippi River, the Thames River: Adams, Bolivar, Claiborne, Coahoma, DeSoto, Humphreys, Issaquena", "id": "8214155" }, { "contents": "Memphis, Tennessee\n\n\nother places in the world could offer cheaper labor, and the workforce was undereducated for today's challenges. The Memphis Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA), the 42nd largest in the United States, has a 2010 population of 1,316,100 and includes the Tennessee counties of Shelby, Tipton and Fayette; as well as the northern Mississippi counties of DeSoto, Marshall, Tate, and Tunica; and Crittenden County, Arkansas, all part of the Mississippi Delta. The total metropolitan area has a higher proportion of whites and a higher per capita", "id": "4225772" }, { "contents": "Northern Plains National Heritage Area\n\n\nNorthern Plains National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area along an length of the Missouri River in central North Dakota. The heritage area promotes and interprets the scenic, cultural and historic heritage of the region. It extends from Knife River Indian Villages National Historic Site to Huff Indian Village State Historic Site The area interprets the history of the Three Affiliated Tribes, the passage of the Lewis and Clark Expedition, the fur trade, steamboats on the Missouri and Fort Abraham Lincoln. It also interprets the area's association with the", "id": "17044952" }, { "contents": "Tornado outbreak of April 22–25, 2010\n\n\ncrossed the Mississippi River shortly thereafter, and damaged or destroyed numerous homes on the north side of Eagle Lake. The tornado then moved across the Delta National Forest in Issaquena and Sharkey Counties, causing major tree damage. The tornado again caused significant home damage northwest of Satartia, and again as it crossed Highway 3 near the Crupp community. The tornado then moved through rural areas southwest of Yazoo City, causing major damage or total destruction of a number of homes, as well as intense tree damage. As the tornado approached the", "id": "5566995" }, { "contents": "Segregation academy\n\n\npercent of Virginia's non-Hispanic white students attended these isolated schools., In Mississippi, many of the segregation academies were first established in the black-majority Mississippi Delta region in northwestern Mississippi. The Delta has historically had a very large majority-black population, related to the history of the use of slave labor on cotton plantations. The potential for integration resulted in white parents' establishing segregation academies in every county in the Delta. Many academies are still operating, from Indianola, Mississippi to Humphreys County. These schools", "id": "16560206" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nnationalities which settled in the area over time, forming the diversity of the region. Louisiana's first 18th century colonists were French, but they were soon joined by Spanish and Acadian settlers. The region has been home to other European-immigrant ethnic groups, beginning in the 19th century, including German, Sicilian, and Irish. There are also the Africans, West Indians, and Native Americans in the mix. The combination of these groups over time has created the special culture found in the Mississippi River Delta. Two unique", "id": "16619577" }, { "contents": "Champlain Valley National Heritage Area\n\n\nClinton, Essex, Warren, Saratoga and Washington counties in New York, and Bennington, Rutland, Addison, Chittenden, Franklin and Grand Isle counties in Vermont. Attractions located within the National Heritage Area include Fort Ticonderoga, the Lake Champlain Maritime Museum, Saratoga National Historical Park, portions of Adirondack Park and Green Mountain National Forest, Missisquoi National Wildlife Refuge and the Lake Champlain Underwater Historic Preserves. The Champlain Valley National Heritage Area was established by the Champlain Valley National Heritage Act of 2005. It is administered by the Champlain Valley", "id": "9913189" }, { "contents": "Atchafalaya National Heritage Area\n\n\nof the natural and built environment. The heritage area designation recognizes the area's unique environment and culture, and its contributions to music, English and French language, literature, and cuisine. Major locales included in the Heritage Area include Avery Island, New Iberia, Morgan City, Lafayette, Opelousas, Baton Rouge, Plaquemine and Houma. Jean Lafitte National Historical Park, Longfellow-Evangeline State Historic Site and Plaquemine Lock State Historic Site are included in the heritage area, as well as the Louisiana State Museum branches in Baton Rouge", "id": "9171578" }, { "contents": "Bryant Clark\n\n\nBryant W. Clark (born October 31, 1974) is an American politician from the state of Mississippi. A member of the Democratic Party, Clark is a member of the Mississippi House of Representatives, and represents the 47th district. He has served in the Mississippi House since 2004. The district includes parts of Attala, Holmes and Yazoo counties, which is located in central Mississippi. The district comprises both the Hills and Mississippi Delta regions of the state. Clark is a lifelong resident of Ebenezer, located in southern Holmes County", "id": "18412525" }, { "contents": "Louisiana African American Heritage Trail\n\n\nLouisiana African American Heritage Trail () is a cultural heritage trail with 26 sites designated in 2008 by the state of Louisiana, from New Orleans along the Mississippi River to Baton Rouge and Shreveport, with sites in small towns and plantations also included. In New Orleans several sites are within a walking area. Auto travel is required to reach sites outside the city. A variety of African-American museums devoted to art, history and culture are on the \"trail\", as is the Cane River Creole National Historical Park,", "id": "6088712" }, { "contents": "Delta Blues Museum\n\n\nThe Delta Blues Museum in Clarksdale, Mississippi, United States exists to collect, preserve, and provide public access to and awareness of the blues. Along with holdings of significant blues-related memorabilia, the museum also exhibits and collects art portraying the blues tradition, including works by sculptor Floyd Shaman and photographer Birney Imes. The museum is located in the Yazoo and Mississippi Valley Passenger Depot, also known as Illinois Central Passenger Depot or Clarksdale Passenger Depot, which was built in 1926 and listed on the National Register of Historic Places", "id": "19201111" }, { "contents": "Clarksdale, Mississippi\n\n\nClarksdale is a city in Coahoma County, Mississippi, United States, and seat of the county. The western boundary of the county is formed by the Mississippi River. Located in the Mississippi Delta region, Clarksdale is an agricultural and trading center. It has been home to many blues musicians. Clarksdale is named after John Clark, who founded the city in the mid-19th century. Choctaw and Chickasaw Indians occupied the Delta region prior to the arrival of European settlers. Clarksdale was developed at the former intersection of two Indian routes:", "id": "2119137" }, { "contents": "Education segregation in the Mississippi Delta\n\n\nThe Mississippi Delta region has had the most segregated schools -- and for the longest time—of any part of the United States. As recently as the 2016–2017 school year, East Side High School in Cleveland, Mississippi, was practically all black: 359 of 360 students were African-American. The Delta region of Mississippi is nineteen counties in the northwest of the state, bounded on the west by the Mississippi River and the south by the Yazoo River. It is a poor region of the country's poorest state. In", "id": "13439199" } ]

[ { "contents": "Mississippi Delta National Heritage Area\n\n\nMississippi Delta National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area that seeks to preserve and promote the landscape, culture and history of the Mississippi Delta in the northwestern portion of the U.S. state of Mississippi. The region is famous for blues music and a unique culture that has had broad influence on music and literature, both in the United States and worldwide. The national heritage area comprises Bolivar, Carroll, Coahoma, Desoto, Holmes, Humphreys, Issaquena, Leflore, Panola, Quitman, Sharkey, Tallahatchie, Tate, Tunica", "id": "16296069" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta\n\n\nyears. The land is flat and contains some of the most fertile soil in the world. It is two hundred miles long and seventy miles across at its widest point, encompassing approximately 4,415,000 acres, or, some 7,000 square miles of alluvial floodplain. On the east, it is bounded by bluffs extending beyond the Yazoo River. It includes all or part of the following counties: Washington, Western DeSoto, Humphreys, Carroll, Issaquena, Western Panola, Quitman, Bolivar, Coahoma, Leflore, Sunflower, Sharkey, Tate", "id": "15159893" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta Community College\n\n\nof Mississippi in April 1928. The name was changed to Mississippi Delta Junior College in 1960 and to Mississippi Delta Community College in 1989. The official service area of the college includes Bolivar, Humphreys, Issaquena, Leflore, Sharkey, Sunflower, and Washington counties. Coahoma County was originally in the college's service area, but the Mississippi Legislature removed it effective July 1, 1995, and it is now served by the Coahoma Community College. The main campus is located in Moorhead, Mississippi. Stauffer-Wood Administration Building houses", "id": "21307039" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Gulf Coast National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Mississippi Gulf Coast National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area along the Gulf coast of Mississippi. The designated area comprises six counties recognized for their unique cultural and scenic qualities. The National Heritage Area designation provides a unified marketing and promotional framework for the region. The National Heritage Area comprises Pearl River, Stone, George, Hancock, Harrison and Jackson counties. It includes the Mississippi portion of Gulf Islands National Seashore. The area was devastated by Hurricane Katrina in 2005. Much of the national heritage area's efforts", "id": "16361240" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Hills National Heritage Area\n\n\nMississippi Hills National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the northeastern portion of the U.S. state of Mississippi. The designation commemorates the region's impact on American culture and its role in the American Civil War and the American civil rights movement. The national heritage area designation provides a unified marketing and promotion framework for the area. The national heritage area covers all of Marshall, Benton, Tippah, Alcorn, Tishomingo, Lafayette, Union, Pontotoc, Lee, Itawamba, Calhoun, Chickasaw and Monroe counties, and those", "id": "17388610" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River floods of 2019\n\n\nwith some inundated by 15 feet of water. The Yazoo Backwater Area in the Mississippi Delta north of Vicksburg, Mississippi, experienced both record flood stages and record duration of flooding during the winter, spring, and summer of 2019. Portions of Warren, Issaquena, Sharkey, Yazoo, Humphreys, and Washington Counties were flooded. Almost half of the land area of Issaquena and Sharkey Counties experienced flooding. In late May, flood waters covered over 860 square miles (550,000 acres or 220,000 hectares), including about 390 square miles", "id": "13577492" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta\n\n\n, Tunica, Tallahatchie, Western Holmes, Western Yazoo, Western Grenada and Warren. Lexington is also part of the delta. The shifting river delta at the mouth of the Mississippi on the Gulf Coast lies some 300 miles south of this area, and is referred to as the Mississippi River Delta. The two should not be confused. Chinese began settling in Bolivar County and other Delta counties as plantation workers in the 1870s, though most Delta Chinese families migrated to the state between the 1900s and 1930s. Most Chinese immigrants worked", "id": "15159894" }, { "contents": "George W. Gayles\n\n\n1882, and then again in 1884 and 1886. In the House, he represented the 28th district, which included Bolivar, Coahoma, and Quitman County.In the Senate, he represented the ninth district, including Bolivar, Calhoun, and Sunflower counties. He was also chairman of the Third district Republican Convention in 1886 in Mississippi consisting of Bolivar, Coahoma, Issaquena, Leflore, Sunflower, Sharkey, Tunica, Quitman, Washington, and Warren counties. He was the only black state senator in Mississippi during his terms and", "id": "20783617" }, { "contents": "Coahoma County, Mississippi\n\n\nCoahoma County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 26,151. Its county seat is Clarksdale. The Clarksdale, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area includes all of Coahoma County. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region of Mississippi. Coahoma County was established February 9, 1836, and is located in the northwestern part of the state in the fertile Yazoo Delta region. The name \"Coahoma\" is a Choctaw word meaning \"red panther.\" The act creating the county", "id": "10611425" }, { "contents": "Delta Regional Authority\n\n\nMississippi; Jefferson Davis County, Mississippi; Lawrence County, Mississippi; Leflore County, Mississippi; Lafayette County, Mississippi; Madison County, Mississippi; Marion County, Mississippi; Lincoln County, Mississippi; Montgomery County, Mississippi; Panola County, Mississippi; Marshall County, Mississippi; Quitman County, Mississippi; Rankin County, Mississippi; Pike County, Mississippi; Smith County, Mississippi; Sunflower County, Mississippi; Sharkey County, Mississippi; Simpson County, Mississippi; Tippah County, Mississippi; Tallahatchie County, Mississippi; Tate County", "id": "11170384" }, { "contents": "Delta Regional Authority\n\n\nLouisiana; Winn Parish, Louisiana Mississippi Adams County, Mississippi; Amite County, Mississippi; Attala County, Mississippi; Benton County, Mississippi; Bolivar County, Mississippi; Carroll County, Mississippi; Claiborne County, Mississippi; Coahoma County, Mississippi; Copiah County, Mississippi; Covington County, Mississippi; DeSoto County, Mississippi; Franklin County, Mississippi; Grenada County, Mississippi; Hinds County, Mississippi; Holmes County, Mississippi; Humphreys County, Mississippi; Issaquena County, Mississippi; Jasper County, Mississippi; Jefferson County,", "id": "11170383" }, { "contents": "South Park National Heritage Area\n\n\nSouth Park National Heritage Area is a U.S. National Heritage Area encompassing the South Park of Colorado. Established on March 30, 2009 by the Omnibus Public Land Management Act of 2009 (§7002), the South Park NHA is managed by the Park County, Colorado Office of Tourism to promote and interpret the area's natural, scenic, and cultural resources. The National Heritage Area designation funds promotion of the area's mining, recreation, and ranching heritage. The National Heritage Area covers the majority of Park County, including the", "id": "8157140" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Civil Rights Museum\n\n\n2017, the Mississippi Department of Archives and History brought in Pam Junior as the new museum Director. Junior came from the Smith Robertson Museum and Cultural Center in Jackson, where she had been manager since 1999. Junior is a member of the board of directors for the Mississippi Delta National Heritage Area and Mississippi Book Festival and a co-founder of the Mississippi Black Theater Festival The museum hired Hilferty & Associates to design exhibits for the museum, which were fabricated by Exhibit Concepts. Monadnock Media designed the audio portions of the exhibits", "id": "6914076" }, { "contents": "Leflore County, Mississippi\n\n\nLeflore County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 32,317. The county seat is Greenwood. The county is named for Choctaw leader Greenwood LeFlore, who signed a treaty to cede his people's land to the United States in exchange for land in Indian Territory. LeFlore stayed in Mississippi, settling on land reserved for him in Tallahatchie County. Leflore County is part of the Greenwood, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region, with", "id": "10611085" }, { "contents": "Tallahatchie County, Mississippi\n\n\nTallahatchie County is a county in the U.S. state of Mississippi. At the 2010 census, the population was 15,378. Its county seats are Charleston and Sumner. Tallahatchie County is located in the Mississippi Delta region, divided by the Tallahatchie River which runs from north to south through the county before joining what becomes the Yazoo River in LeFlore County. The county was founded on December 31, 1833 after most of the Choctaw Nation was forced out under Indian Removal. Tallahatchie is a Choctaw name meaning \"rock of waters\". The", "id": "10555589" }, { "contents": "National Coal Heritage Area\n\n\nThe National Coal Heritage Area (NCHA) is a federally designated region of thirteen counties in West Virginia that were the source of \"smokeless\" bituminous coal through much of the 20th century. The National Heritage Area recognizes the area's cultural and historic qualities and serves to promote tourism, historic preservation and economic development in the region. The idea of the NCHA was first proposed in the early 1990s by Congressman Nick Rahall, and was established on November 12, 1996 by the 1996 Omnibus Parks and Public Lands Management Act. The", "id": "8963174" }, { "contents": "Muscle Shoals National Heritage Area\n\n\nMuscle Shoals National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the northwestern portion of the U.S. state of Alabama. It is centered on the portion of the Tennessee River around Muscle Shoals and interprets the region's history and culture. Muscle Shoals National Heritage Area comprises Lauderdale, Limestone, Colbert, Franklin, Lawrence and Morgan counties. Significant features of the heritage area include Wheeler Dam, Wilson Dam, Ivy Green, Rosenbaum House, Barton Hall and the northern end of the Natchez Trace. Muscle Shoals National Heritage Area was", "id": "16977602" }, { "contents": "Deer Creek (Mississippi)\n\n\nDeer Creek (also Issaquena Creek or Lower Deer Creek) is a creek in the U.S. state of Mississippi. Its source is Lake Bolivar, in Scott, Bolivar County, Mississippi. As Deer Creek flows south through the Mississippi Delta, it passes through the following counties: Bolivar, Washington, Sharkey, Issaquena, and Warren; and through the following communities: Metcalfe, Stoneville, Leland, Burdett, Arcola, Hollandale, Panther Burn, Nitta Yuma, Anguilla, Rolling Fork, Cary, Onward, and Valley Park.", "id": "1520113" }, { "contents": "Money, Mississippi\n\n\nMoney is an unincorporated Mississippi Delta community near Greenwood in Leflore County, Mississippi, United States. It has fewer than 100 residents, down from 400 in the early 1950s when a cotton mill operated there. Money is located on a railroad line along the Tallahatchie River, a tributary of the Yazoo River in the eastern part of the Mississippi Delta. The community has ZIP code 38945 in the Greenwood, Mississippi micropolitan area. Money is the site of the 1955 lynching of 14-year-old Emmett Till by white men, an event", "id": "15040548" }, { "contents": "Sharkey County, Mississippi\n\n\nSharkey County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. Part of the western border is formed by the Yazoo River. According to the 2010 census, the population was 4,916, making it the second-least populous county in Mississippi. Its county seat is Rolling Fork. The county is named after William L. Sharkey, the provisional Governor of Mississippi in 1865. Sharkey County is located in the Mississippi Delta region. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of , of which is land", "id": "10555635" }, { "contents": "Oil Region National Heritage Area\n\n\nOil Region National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the northwestern portion of the U.S. state of Pennsylvania. The national heritage area commemorates and promotes the region surrounding Edwin Drake's oil well of 1859 near Titusville, which gave rise to the modern oil industry. The national heritage area includes all of Venango County and a portion of Crawford County, including Titusville and Oil Creek Township The Oil Region National Heritage Area was established by Public Law 108-447 in 2004. It is administered by the Oil Region Alliance.", "id": "17389123" }, { "contents": "Delta National Forest\n\n\nDelta National Forest is a U.S. National Forest in western Mississippi, located in Sharkey County, and has an area of . Delta is operated as the Sunflower Wildlife Management Area. The forest is headquartered in Jackson, as are all six National Forests in Mississippi, but Delta Ranger District office is located in Rolling Fork. It is one of only six National Forests that are contained entirely within a single county and the only bottomland hardwood forest in the National Forest system. The Green Ash-Overcup Oak-Sweetgum Research Natural Areas within", "id": "3631940" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\ninfluences in the Mississippi River Delta. They continue to shape preferences of food, music, and art, as well as to maintain the unique identities existing in the southernmost parts of the region. Both cultures speak a form of French; but they are considered to be autonomous and distinct dialects. From 1910–1920, New Orleans became the birthplace of jazz and since has continued its legacy of being home to budding musicians and new musical experiences, tying music directly to its unique culture and diverse heritage. The origins of jazz and blues", "id": "16619580" }, { "contents": "Journey Through Hallowed Ground National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Journey Through Hallowed Ground National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in portions of Pennsylvania, West Virginia, Maryland and Virginia, in the eastern United States. The Journey Through Hallowed Ground National Heritage Area was established on May 8, 2008 by Public Law 110-229, the Consolidated Natural Resources Act of 2008.The designation provides a framework for the promotion and interpretation of the area's cultural and historic character, with particular emphasis on the region's role in the American Civil War, and the preservation of the natural", "id": "13516660" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta\n\n\nThe Mississippi Delta, also known as the Yazoo-Mississippi Delta, is the distinctive northwest section of the U.S. state of Mississippi (and portions of Arkansas and Louisiana) which lies between the Mississippi and Yazoo Rivers. The region has been called \"The Most Southern Place on Earth\" (\"Southern\" in the sense of \"characteristic of its region, the American South\"), because of its unique racial, cultural, and economic history. It is long and across at its widest point, encompassing about , or", "id": "15159888" }, { "contents": "Freedom's Way National Heritage Area\n\n\nFreedom's Way National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing portions of northern Massachusetts and southern New Hampshire. The heritage area includes sites significant to the American Revolution, cultural sites associated with Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau, and Native American sites. The heritage area seeks to preserve the region's landscape and historic structures. The National Heritage Area includes Minute Man National Historical Park, portions of Middlesex and Worcester counties in Massachusetts, and portions of Hillsborough County, New Hampshire, an area including a total of", "id": "14966358" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta\n\n\nside of the Mississippi River, another area of high poverty). The 1990s state legalization of casino gambling in Mississippi has boosted the Delta's economy, particularly in the areas of Tunica and Vicksburg. A large cultural influence in the region is its history of hunting and fishing. Hunting in the Delta is primarily for game such as whitetail deer, wild turkey, and waterfowl, along with many small game species (squirrel, rabbit, dove, quail, raccoon, etc.) For many years, the hunting and fishing", "id": "15159912" }, { "contents": "Baltimore National Heritage Area\n\n\nBaltimore National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing portions of Baltimore, Maryland, USA. The designated area includes the central portion of the city, waterfront, inner neighborhoods and portions of the city's park system. The district includes Fort McHenry and the Inner Harbor, as well as portions of the Charles Street, Falls Road, National Historic Seaport and Star Spangled Banner Maryland Scenic Byways. The Baltimore National Heritage Area was established on March 30, 2009 by the Omnibus Public Land Management Act of 2009 (§", "id": "8582841" }, { "contents": "B.B. King Museum\n\n\nThe B.B. King Museum and Delta Interpretive Center is a Delta blues museum with the mission to \"empower, unite and heal through music, art and education and share with the world the rich cultural heritage of the Mississippi Delta.\" The museum, named for blues legend, B.B. King, is located in his hometown of Indianola, Mississippi, in the United States. The B.B. King Museum and Delta Interpretive Center opened in Indianola Mississippi on September 13, 2008. The museum features a restored brick cotton gin building in which B.B.", "id": "17262603" }, { "contents": "Louise, Mississippi\n\n\nLouise is a town in Humphreys County, Mississippi. The population was 199 at the 2010 census, down from 315 at the 2000 census. Louise is located in southern Humphreys County at (32.981549, -90.591624), along Silver Creek in the Mississippi Delta region. Mississippi Highway 149 passes just east of the town, leading north to U.S. Route 49W at Silver City and south via Mississippi Highway 16 to Yazoo City. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town of Louise has a total area of , all land.", "id": "2222822" }, { "contents": "Arkansas Delta\n\n\nblues and gospel traditions. The East Central Delta area has produced a small number of talented and influential R&B artists. Arkansas's blues Influence, shares a rich heritage with Mississippi and Memphis, Tennessee. Arkansas was home to numerous blues masters, who are held in high esteem by newer generations learning blues history. Arkansas blues artists influenced decades of pop culture music by such artists as Muddy Waters, Little Milton, B.B. King, Eric Clapton, Jeff Beck, Joe Bonamassa, Stevie Ray Vaughan, George Harrison and the Rolling Stones", "id": "6558115" }, { "contents": "Cruger, Mississippi\n\n\nCruger is a town in Holmes County, Mississippi, United States. The population was 386 at the 2010 census, down from 449 at the 2000 census. Cruger is in the northwest corner of Holmes County, in the Mississippi Delta region along U.S. Route 49E. Greenwood is north of Cruger via US 49E, and Yazoo City is to the south. According to the United States Census Bureau, Cruger has a total area of , all land. As of the census of 2000, there were 449 people, 161 households, and", "id": "2222747" }, { "contents": "Carroll County, Mississippi\n\n\nCarroll County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 10,597. Its county seats are Carollton and Vaiden. The county is named for Charles Carroll of Carrollton, the last surviving signatory of the U.S. Declaration of Independence. Carroll County is part of the Greenwood, Micropolitan Statistical Area. Bordered by the Yazoo River on the west and the Big Black River to the east, it is considered within the Mississippi Delta region. Most of its land is in the hill country", "id": "10611479" }, { "contents": "Minter City, Mississippi\n\n\nMinter City is an unincorporated community located in Leflore County and in Tallahatchie County, Mississippi. It is part of the Greenwood, Mississippi micropolitan area, and is within the Mississippi Delta. Mississippi Highway 8 intersects U.S. Route 49E southwest of Minter City, and the Tallahatchie River flows to the east. There is a post office located on U.S. Route 49E, with a ZIP code of 38944. Variant names for the original settlement were \"Walnut Place Landing\" and \"Minter City Landing\". Spanish explorer Hernando de Soto may have", "id": "12467995" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta AVA\n\n\nThe Mississippi Delta AVA is an American Viticultural Area on the left (east) bank of the Mississippi River, between Memphis, Tennessee, and Vicksburg, Mississippi. It includes portions of the Mississippi Delta and the watershed of the lower Mississippi River in the U.S. states of Louisiana (west bank), Mississippi, and Tennessee. Since the creation of the AVA in 1984, there has been very little viticulture in the Mississippi Delta region. Mississippi State University established an enology laboratory to research grape cultivation in the area, but little", "id": "16585963" }, { "contents": "Greenwood, Mississippi\n\n\nGreenwood is a city in and the county seat of Leflore County, Mississippi, located at the eastern edge of the Mississippi Delta, approximately 96 miles north of the state capital, Jackson, Mississippi, and 130 miles south of the riverport of Memphis, Tennessee. It was a center of cotton planter culture in the 19th century. The population was 16,087 at the 2010 census. It is the principal city of the Greenwood Micropolitan Statistical Area. Greenwood developed at the confluence of the Tallahatchie and the Yalobusha rivers, which form the", "id": "3378194" }, { "contents": "Bolivar County, Mississippi\n\n\nBolivar County ( ) is a county located on the western border of the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 34,145. Its county seats are Rosedale and Cleveland. The county is named in honor of Simón Bolívar, early 19th-century leader of the liberation of several South American colonies from Spain. The Cleveland, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area includes all of Bolivar County. It is located in the Mississippi Delta, or Yazoo Basin, of Mississippi. This area was first developed for cotton plantations", "id": "10611493" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nmusic in the region is closely connected to the Mississippi River and the delta, as the location allowed for an influx of cultural influences, including blues and bluegrass music from upriver, to the African and Latin folk hymns and music from the Caribbean islands. The delta is still synonymous with the sounds of jazz, funk and zydeco and remains to be an important cultural hub for new sounds and music, bringing thousands to the area every year to experience the lifestyle and participate in the natural rhythms of the area. The region is", "id": "16619581" }, { "contents": "Essex National Heritage Commission\n\n\nThe Essex National Heritage Commission (ENHC) is a non-profit organization charted to oversee the Essex National Heritage Area, a National Heritage Area composed of all of Essex County, Massachusetts. The commission promotes the cultural heritage with public and private partnerships and with the National Park Service by developing programs that enhance, preserve and encourage regional awareness of the area's unique historic, cultural and natural resources. The commission is based in Salem. The organization has sponsored a number of events and programs that celebrate the region’s history,", "id": "16440799" }, { "contents": "Blue Ridge National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Blue Ridge National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing the twenty-five westernmost counties of North Carolina, which are associated with the Blue Ridge Mountains. The designation provides a framework for the promotion and interpretation of the area's cultural and historic character, and the preservation of the natural and built environment. The National Heritage Area includes the North Carolina portions of Great Smoky Mountains National Park and the Blue Ridge Parkway. Other attractions include Mount Mitchell in Pisgah National Forest, Nantahala National Forest and the North Carolina", "id": "9719864" }, { "contents": "Poverty Point\n\n\nPoverty Point State Historic Site (; 16 WC 5) is a prehistoric earthwork constructed by the Poverty Point culture. The Poverty Point site is located in present-day northeastern Louisiana though evidence of the Poverty Point culture extends throughout much of the Southeastern United States. The culture extended across the Mississippi Delta and south to the Gulf Coast. The Poverty Point site has been designated as a U.S. National Monument, a U.S. National Historic Landmark, and UNESCO World Heritage Site. Located in the Southern United States, the site is from the", "id": "10100047" }, { "contents": "Geography of Arkansas\n\n\nState Park, Delta Heritage Trail State Park, Felsenthal National Wildlife Refuge, Lake Chicot State Park, Mississippi River State Park, Overflow National Wildlife Refuge and White River National Wildlife Refuge. The flat topography and fertile soils of Southeast Arkansas have been important to the region throughout its history, first to the Native American that inhabited the region. This history is available today at museums like the Pine Bluff/Jefferson County Historical Museum. The area was one of the first explored and settled in Arkansas; including the territorial capital at Arkansas", "id": "17334085" }, { "contents": "Tchula, Mississippi\n\n\nhad vanished, partly due to increased use of machines in agriculture. Many businesses formerly in the town had disappeared. Tchula is in western Holmes County along Tchula Lake, an old river channel in the Mississippi Delta region of the state. U.S. Route 49E passes through the center of town, leading north to Greenwood and southwest to Yazoo. Mississippi Highway 12 leads southeast from Tchula to Lexington, the Holmes County seat. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of , of which , or 2.31", "id": "2222794" }, { "contents": "Freedom's Frontier National Heritage Area\n\n\nFreedom's Frontier National Heritage Area, Inc. (FFNHA) is a federally designated U.S. National Heritage Area located in eastern Kansas and Western Missouri. This heritage area preserves, conserves, and interprets historic and cultural landscapes pertaining to: the shaping of the frontier, the Missouri-Kansas Border War, and the enduring struggle for freedom. FFNHA was authorized on October 12, 2006, with the passage of the National Heritage Areas Act of 2006. The management plan for the heritage area was approved by the Board of Trustees on June", "id": "353294" }, { "contents": "Sunflower County, Mississippi\n\n\nSunflower County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 29,450. Its largest city and county seat is Indianola. Sunflower County comprises the Indianola, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is included in the Cleveland-Indianola, MS Combined Statistical Area. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region. Sunflower Country was created in 1844. The land mass encompassed most of Sunflower and Leflore Counties as we know them today. The first seat of government was Clayton, located near", "id": "10555603" }, { "contents": "Atchafalaya National Heritage Area\n\n\nAtchafalaya National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing parts of fourteen parishes along the Atchafalaya River in the U.S. State of Louisiana. The heritage area extends the length of the Atchafalaya Basin from the area of Ferriday in the north to the river's mouth beyond Morgan City. The National Heritage Area is divided into four regions: Upper, Between 2 Rivers, Bayou Teche Corridor and the Coastal Zone. The designation provides a framework for the promotion and interpretation of the area's cultural and historic character, and the preservation", "id": "9171577" }, { "contents": "Niagara Falls National Heritage Area\n\n\nNiagara Falls National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing the Niagara Falls region of the U.S. State of New York. The heritage area includes the communities of Niagara Falls, Youngstown and Lewiston. The designation provides a framework for the promotion and interpretation of the area's cultural and historic character, and the preservation of the natural and built environment. The heritage area designation recognizes the area's importance to Native Americans, to early European explorers of America, the American Revolution, the War of 1812 and the area's", "id": "9115304" }, { "contents": "Warren County, Mississippi\n\n\nWarren County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 48,773. Its county seat is Vicksburg. Created by legislative act of 22 December 1809, Warren County is named for American Revolutionary War officer Joseph Warren. Part of the Mississippi Delta and the historic cotton culture, Warren County is included in the Vicksburg, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Jackson-Vicksburg-Brookhaven, MS Combined Statistical Area. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the", "id": "10555530" }, { "contents": "Greenwood, Mississippi micropolitan area\n\n\nThe Greenwood Micropolitan Statistical Area is a micropolitan area in the northwestern Delta region of Mississippi that covers two counties - Leflore and Carroll. As of the 2000 census, the μSA had a population of 48,716 (though a July 1, 2009 estimate placed the population at 44,841). As of the census of 2000, there were 48,716 people, 17,027 households, and 11,956 families residing within the μSA. The racial makeup of the μSA was 37.22% White, 60.85% African American, 0.10% Native American, 0.54% Asian", "id": "8919330" }, { "contents": "James Thomas (blues musician)\n\n\n\". In 1985, his work was featured in the prestigious Corcoran Gallery in Washington, D.C., where he was introduced to Nancy Reagan, then the First Lady. Thomas's skulls are on display in the Delta Blues Museum, in Clarksdale, Mississippi, and the Highway 61 Blues Museum, in Leland, Mississippi. Thomas played at numerous blues festivals and private parties throughout the area, including the Mississippi Delta Blues and Heritage Festival in Greenville. In the 1970s, Eddie Cusic performed with Thomas at regular engagements. Together they", "id": "17330513" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nand is an important coastal region for the United States, containing more than of coastal wetlands and 37% of the estuarine marsh in the conterminous U.S. The coastal area is the nation's largest drainage basin and drains about 41% of the contiguous United States into the Gulf of Mexico at an average rate of . The modern Mississippi River Delta formed over the last approximately 4,500 years as the Mississippi River deposited sand, clay and silt along its banks and in adjacent basins. The Mississippi River Delta is a river-dominated delta system", "id": "16619564" }, { "contents": "Arabia Mountain National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Arabia Mountain National Heritage Area is a National Heritage Area in the U.S. state of Georgia that encompasses natural, cultural, and historical elements to form a cohesive, nationally significant environment. The area is due east of Atlanta and spans reaching from the historic commercial center of Lithonia to the Monastery of the Holy Spirit in Conyers, including a number of sites in between, including Panola Mountain State Park, Davidson-Arabia Mountain Nature Preserve, the Mall at Stonecrest, and more. The Heritage Area was established in 2006, and", "id": "352970" }, { "contents": "Sangre de Cristo National Heritage Area\n\n\nSangre de Cristo National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the south central portion of the U.S. state of Colorado. The heritage area includes the San Luis Valley and portions of the Sangre de Cristo Range. The region combines influences of Anglo-American, Hispano-American and Native American influences. It also includes portions of the upper Rio Grande valley. The national heritage area includes Alamosa, Costilla, and Conejos counties, and portions of Saguache and Rio Grande counties. It also includes within its boundaries Great Sand", "id": "17389640" }, { "contents": "Delta State–Mississippi College football rivalry\n\n\nThe Delta State–Mississippi College football rivalry, commonly known as the Heritage Bell Classic, is a college football rivalry game between a public university and a private Christian college in the U.S. state of Mississippi, the Delta State University Statesmen and the Mississippi College Choctaws. The current winner is Delta State, who won, 28–21, on November 10, 2018. Delta State leads the all-time series, 22–15–2. The Delta State Statesmen were co-founding members of the Gulf South Conference in 1970. Mississippi College joined the", "id": "15797675" }, { "contents": "Delta blues\n\n\nDelta blues is one of the earliest-known styles of blues music. It originated in the Mississippi Delta, a region of the U.S. stretching from Memphis, Tennessee, in the north to Vicksburg, Mississippi, in the south and from Helena, Arkansas, in the west to the Yazoo River in the east. The Mississippi Delta is famous for its fertile soil and for its poverty. Delta blues is regarded as a regional variant of country blues. Guitar and harmonica are its dominant instruments; slide guitar is a hallmark of", "id": "7794018" }, { "contents": "Arkansas Delta\n\n\na decline. Charles Bowden of \"National Geographic\" wrote, \"By 1970 the sharecropping world was already disappearing, and the landscape of today—huge fields, giant machines, battered towns, few people—beginning to emerge.\" The Arkansas Delta is known for its rich musical heritage. While defined primarily by its deep blues/gospel roots, it is distinguished somewhat from its Mississippi Delta counterpart by more intricately interwoven country music and R&B elements. Arkansas blues musicians have defined every genre of blues from its inception, including", "id": "6558110" }, { "contents": "Greenwood High School (Mississippi)\n\n\nGreenwood High School is a public high school located in Greenwood, Leflore County, in the U.S. state of Mississippi. The school is part of the Greenwood Public School District. Greenwood, Mississippi, is a town of slightly over 15,000 residents located on the banks of the Yazoo River about south of Memphis, Tennessee, and about north of Jackson, Mississippi. The city and county are named after Greenwood Leflore, the designated leader of the Choctaw nation who ceded Mississippi land under pressure of the 1830 Indian Removal Act to the United", "id": "4541464" }, { "contents": "Upper Housatonic Valley National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Upper Housatonic Valley National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the U.S. states of Connecticut and Massachusetts. The heritage area interprets and promotes the historical, cultural and scenic features of the upper Housatonic River valley in the western part of both states. The heritage area focuses on five themes: the area's role as a resort for writers, artists, actors and musicians, the scenic landscape, the area's role in industry, the American Revolutionary War, and the social and religious groups associated with the area", "id": "17597179" }, { "contents": "National Heritage Area\n\n\nA National Heritage Area is a site designated by United States and intended to encourage historic preservation of the area and an appreciation of the history and heritage of the site. There are currently 55 National Heritage Areas, some of which use variations of the title, such as National Heritage Corridor. National Heritage Areas (NHAs) are not National Park Service units or federally owned or managed land. NHAs are administered by state governments or non-profit organizations or other private corporations, referred to as \"local coordinating entities\". The", "id": "2301876" }, { "contents": "Lackawanna Heritage Valley National and State Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Lackawanna Heritage Valley National and State Heritage Area is a state and federally designated National Heritage Area in northeastern Pennsylvania. It was initially established in 1991 as the first State Heritage Park in Pennsylvania, and was additionally designated a National Heritage Area in 2000. The designations recognize the area's heritage of industry, architecture, history and natural resources, and provide a framework for development and promotion of these features. The Lackawanna Heritage Valley National and State Heritage Area is managed by the Lackawanna Heritage Valley Authority, or LHVA. The National", "id": "16220344" }, { "contents": "Kenai Mountains – Turnagain Arm National Heritage Area\n\n\nKenai Mountains – Turnagain Arm National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the U.S. state of Alaska. The heritage area extends across the northern part of the Kenai Peninsula, immediately to the north and east of Kenai Fjords National Park. The designation recognizes the area's unique cultural, scenic and historical features and provides a unified organization for promotion of the area's attractions. The Kenai Mountains – Turnagain Arm National Heritage Area (KMTA) includes the road corridor between Seward and Hope and Whittier, from Resurrection Bay in", "id": "16167272" }, { "contents": "Mayersville, Mississippi\n\n\nMayersville is a town on the east bank of the Mississippi River, and the county seat for Issaquena County, Mississippi, United States. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region, known for cotton cultivation in the antebellum era. Once the trading center for the county, the town was superseded when railroads were built into the area. The population of the majority-black town was 547 at the 2010 census, down from 795 at the 2000 census. Native Americans had lived in this area since prehistoric times. The Mayersville", "id": "2222833" }, { "contents": "Crenshaw, Mississippi\n\n\nCrenshaw is a town in Panola and Quitman counties in the U.S. state of Mississippi. The population was 916 at the 2000 census. Crenshaw is located at (34.502661, -90.195841). Most of the town is in Panola County with a small portion on the west side in Quitman County. In the 2000 census, 697 of the town's 916 residents (76.1%) lived in Panola County and 219 (23.9%) in Quitman County. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of", "id": "17931693" }, { "contents": "Panola County, Mississippi\n\n\nPanola County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 34,707. Its county seats are Sardis and Batesville. Panola is the anglicization of \"ponolo\", a word meaning thread in both old Choctaw and Chickasaw and cotton in modern Choctaw. The county is located just east of the Mississippi Delta and bisected by the Tallahatchie River flowing to the southwest, separating the two county seats. Panola County was established February 9, 1836, and is one of the twelve large", "id": "10555705" }, { "contents": "MotorCities National Heritage Area\n\n\nMotorCities National Heritage Area or Motor Cities National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area that commemorates and promotes the automobile industry in Metro Detroit, with portions of 16 counties in southern Michigan, United States. The scope of the heritage area includes sites and events relating to the motor industry as well as the industry's impact on labor, society and the environment. The heritage area comprises more than 1200 automotive-related sites, including the Henry Ford Museum, Fair Lane, various Ford plants, the Automotive Hall of Fame", "id": "16976479" }, { "contents": "Great Basin National Heritage Area\n\n\nGreat Basin National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in Nevada and Utah, including White Pine County, Nevada and Millard County, Utah. The area was designated to recognize and promote the scenic and cultural resources associated with this central portion of the Great Basin. The National Heritage Area includes Great Basin National Park and portions of Humboldt-Toiyabe and Fishlake National Forests, as well as Fort Deseret, Sevier Lake and the Topaz War Relocation Center. Great Basin National Heritage Area was designated on October 13, 2006.", "id": "15909144" }, { "contents": "Crowder, Mississippi\n\n\nCrowder is a town in Panola and Quitman counties in the state of Mississippi. The population was 766 at the 2000 census. Most of Crowder is in Quitman County with a portion on the east in adjacent Panola County. In the 2000 census, 462 of the town's 766 residents (60.3%) lived in Quitman County and 304 (39.7%) in Panola County. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 0.4 square miles (1.2 km², all land. As of the", "id": "17931698" }, { "contents": "Rivers of Steel National Heritage Area\n\n\nRivers of Steel National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in southwestern Pennsylvania, centered on Pittsburgh and oriented around the interpretation and promotion of the region's steel-making heritage. The area roughly covers the valleys of the Ohio, Monongahela and lower Allegheny rivers. Major interpretive locations include the Carrie Furnace, Pinkerton's Landing Bridge and other features of the Homestead Steel Works. The national heritage area comprises Allegheny, Armstrong, Beaver, Butler, Greene, Fayette, Washington and Westmoreland counties. Rivers of Steel National Heritage", "id": "17389345" }, { "contents": "Crowley's Ridge Parkway\n\n\nroute which allowed the traveler to experience the Southern heritage of the area. The National Scenic Byway designation came the following year, with an extension into Missouri in 2000. The majority of the route is in Arkansas, and the parkway begins in Phillips County, Arkansas, in Helena-West Helena very near the Helena Bridge over the Mississippi River. Beginning at US Route 49 (US 49) and running north with US 49 Business (US 49B), the route passes historic properties including the Delta Cultural Center, the Jerome", "id": "1149985" }, { "contents": "Issaquena County, Mississippi\n\n\nIssaquena County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 1,406, making it the least populous county in the United States east of the Mississippi River. Its county seat is Mayersville. With a per-capita income of $18,598, Issaquena County is the poorest county in the United States. Issaquena County is located in the Mississippi Delta region. The Mississippi River flows along the entire western boundary of the county, and many of the earliest communities were river ports.", "id": "10611264" }, { "contents": "Delta Regional Authority\n\n\n, Mississippi; Tunica County, Mississippi; Union County, Mississippi; Walthall County, Mississippi; Warren County, Mississippi; Washington County, Mississippi; Wilkinson County, Mississippi; Yalobusha County, Mississippi; Yazoo County, Mississippi Missouri Bollinger County, Missouri; Butler County, Missouri; Cape Girardeau County, Missouri; Carter County, Missouri; Crawford County, Missouri; Dent County, Missouri; Douglas County, Missouri; Dunklin County, Missouri; Howell County, Missouri; Iron County, Missouri; Madison County, Missouri; Mississippi", "id": "11170385" }, { "contents": "Tunica County, Mississippi\n\n\nTunica County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 10,778. Its county seat is Tunica. The county is named for the Tunica Native Americans. Most migrated to central Louisiana during the colonial period. Tunica County is part of the Memphis, TN-MS-AR Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region. Since the late 20th century, it is known for Tunica Resorts (formerly Robinsonville), an unincorporated community that is the site", "id": "10555567" }, { "contents": "Emmett Till\n\n\nin the Mississippi Delta are memorialized as associated with Till. Emmett Till was born in 1941 in Chicago; he was the son of Mamie Carthan (1921–2003) and Louis Till (1922–1945). Emmett's mother Mamie was born in the small Delta town of Webb, Mississippi. The Delta region encompasses the large, multi-county area of northwestern Mississippi in the watershed of the Yazoo and Mississippi rivers. When Carthan was two years old, her family moved to Argo, Illinois, as part of the Great Migration of rural", "id": "2570054" }, { "contents": "History of New Orleans\n\n\nUnion during the Civil War. With its rich and unique cultural and architectural heritage, it remains a major destination for tourism, conventions, and major sports events, even after the major destruction and loss of life resulting from Hurricane Katrina in 2005. The land mass that was to become the city of New Orleans was formed around 2200 BC when the Mississippi River deposited silt creating the delta region. Before Europeans founded the settlement, the area was inhabited by Native Americans for about 1300 years. The Mississippian culture peoples built mounds and", "id": "3084005" }, { "contents": "B.B. King Museum\n\n\nKing worked in the 1940s. The museum also contains an extensive collection of artifacts owned by King and displays exhibits about his life and the lives of other musicians of the delta region and the culture where the blues arose. The museum commemorates the famous blues artist, B.B King, who was from the Mississippi Delta. The museum has multiple exhibits highlighting King's Delta Blue music. Exhibits include interactive exhibits, King memorabilia, and stories. The museum seeks to help preserve Delta Blues and its culture by promoting its importance. In", "id": "17262604" }, { "contents": "Missouri Bootheel\n\n\nwrites: Given the population in the area, even a moderately sized earthquake would be disastrous. The Bootheel (pronounced Boothill in the region) is on the edge of the Mississippi Delta culture that produced the Delta blues. Its relatively large black population makes it distinct from the rest of rural Missouri. The area has a unique rural black culture reflected in its music, churches and other traditions. The black population ranges from about 26% in Pemiscot County, to 15% in New Madrid County, and about 9% in", "id": "12618286" }, { "contents": "Moorhead, Mississippi\n\n\nMoorhead is a city in Sunflower County, Mississippi. As of the 2000 census, the city population was 2,573. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of , of which is land and 0.77% is water. Moorhead is along U.S. Route 82, east of Indianola. Moorhead is located at the intersection of the Southern and Yazoo Delta railroads. This is the origin of the legendary blues crossroads phrase \"where the Southern cross the Dog\". As of the 2010 United States Census,", "id": "2223816" }, { "contents": "Blanche Bruce\n\n\nsteamboat porter on the Mississippi River. In 1864, he moved to Hannibal, Missouri, where he established a school for black children. In 1868, during Reconstruction, Bruce relocated to Bolivar near Cleveland in northwestern Mississippi, at which he purchased a Mississippi Delta plantation. He became a wealthy landowner of several thousand acres in the Mississippi Delta. He was appointed to the positions of Tallahatchie County registrar of voters and tax assessor before he won an election for sheriff in Bolivar County. He later was elected to other county positions,", "id": "13640962" }, { "contents": "Delta, Mississippi\n\n\nDelta is a ghost town in Coahoma County, Mississippi, United States. Once a thriving port on the Mississippi River, Delta today is covered by farmland and a portion of the Mississippi Levee. Nothing remains of the original settlement. The county seat was moved from Port Royal to Delta in 1842. In 1844, Delta was surveyed and laid off into lots. The town had a population of about 700, and was a busy steamboat port. Delta incorporated in 1848. That same year, the river flooded the town,", "id": "8584565" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nbenefits that are unique to the region. These vital resources are at constant risk of being lost with the continual land loss and the decreasing size of the natural coastal area. The Mississippi River Delta has a strong economy which relies heavily on tourism and recreational activities such as fishing, hunting and wildlife watching as well as commercial fishing, oil, gas, and shipping industries. There are a number of major industries in the Mississippi River Delta that drive the local and national economy, including: In total, the five Gulf Coast", "id": "16619584" }, { "contents": "Holmes County, Mississippi\n\n\nHolmes County is a county in the U.S. state of Mississippi; its western border is formed by the Yazoo River and the eastern border by the Big Black River. The western part of the county is within the Yazoo-Mississippi Delta. As of the 2010 census, the population was 19,198. Its county seat is Lexington. The county is named in honor of David Holmes, territorial governor and the first governor of the state of Mississippi and later United States Senator for Mississippi. A favorite son, Edmond Favor Noel, was", "id": "10611282" }, { "contents": "Greenville, Mississippi\n\n\nGreenville is a city in, and the county seat of, Washington County, Mississippi, United States. The population was 34,400 at the 2010 census. It is located in the area of historic cotton plantations and culture known as the Mississippi Delta. This area was occupied by indigenous peoples for thousands of years. When the French explored here, they encountered the historic Natchez people. As part of their colony known as \"La Louisiane\", the French established a settlement at what became Natchez, Mississippi. Other Native American tribes", "id": "2224007" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nartery. In addition to shipping, local and commercial fisheries continued to expand. The discovery of vast oil and gas deposits brought further economic and environmental changes to the delta. Despite these profound changes, the delta today remains very much rooted in the vibrant cultural and social traditions of its residents. The Mississippi River Delta is home to more than two million people. The location of the delta at the mouth of the Mississippi River allowed for the area to be a cultural gateway into the United States, and influenced the mix of", "id": "16619576" }, { "contents": "Essex Heritage\n\n\nEssex Heritage is a non-profit organization charted to promote the cultural heritage of Essex County in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. Working with both public and private partnerships and with the National Park Service, the group supports and develops programs that enhance, preserve and encourage regional awareness of the area’s unique historic, cultural and natural resources. Headquartered in Salem, Massachusetts, the Commission services the 34 communities of Essex County. It has been recognized by the United States Congress in recognition of the important role that this region played in American", "id": "16609234" }, { "contents": "Washington County, Mississippi\n\n\nWashington County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 51,137. Its county seat is Greenville. The county is named in honor of the first President of the United States, George Washington. The Greenville, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area includes all of Washington County. It is located in the Mississippi Delta. Located in the Mississippi Delta, Washington County was first developed for cotton cultivation in the antebellum years. Most plantations were developed to have access to the rivers, which", "id": "10555522" }, { "contents": "Mississippi\n\n\nIsland. The northwest remainder of the state consists of the Mississippi Delta, a section of the Mississippi Alluvial Plain. The plain is narrow in the south and widens north of Vicksburg. The region has rich soil, partly made up of silt which had been regularly deposited by the flood waters of the Mississippi River. Areas under the management of the National Park Service include: Mississippi City Population Rankings of at least 50,000 (United States Census Bureau as of 2017): Mississippi City Population Rankings of at least 20,000 but fewer than", "id": "21293458" }, { "contents": "Belzoni, Mississippi\n\n\nBelzoni ( ) is a city in Humphreys County, Mississippi, in the Mississippi Delta region, on the Yazoo River. The population was 2,235 at the 2010 census. It is the county seat of Humphreys County. It was named for the 19th-century Italian archaeologist/explorer Giovanni Battista Belzoni. The area was named Farm-Raised Catfish Capital of the World in 1976 by then Governor Cliff Finch, since it produces more farm-raised catfish than any other U.S. county. About of the county are under water in ponds", "id": "2222804" }, { "contents": "2011 Mississippi River floods\n\n\nfrom Vicksburg was cut off for more than two weeks. U.S. Highway 61 between Vicksburg and Port Gibson was closed by backwater flooding along the Big Black River on May 12; it reopened June 1. Another portion of U.S. Highway 61 near Redwood was closed by backwater flooding along the Yazoo River on May 13 and was closed until June 3. In anticipation of major flooding, the U.S. federal government declared 14 counties along the Mississippi River, the Thames River: Adams, Bolivar, Claiborne, Coahoma, DeSoto, Humphreys, Issaquena", "id": "8214155" }, { "contents": "Memphis, Tennessee\n\n\nother places in the world could offer cheaper labor, and the workforce was undereducated for today's challenges. The Memphis Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA), the 42nd largest in the United States, has a 2010 population of 1,316,100 and includes the Tennessee counties of Shelby, Tipton and Fayette; as well as the northern Mississippi counties of DeSoto, Marshall, Tate, and Tunica; and Crittenden County, Arkansas, all part of the Mississippi Delta. The total metropolitan area has a higher proportion of whites and a higher per capita", "id": "4225772" }, { "contents": "Northern Plains National Heritage Area\n\n\nNorthern Plains National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area along an length of the Missouri River in central North Dakota. The heritage area promotes and interprets the scenic, cultural and historic heritage of the region. It extends from Knife River Indian Villages National Historic Site to Huff Indian Village State Historic Site The area interprets the history of the Three Affiliated Tribes, the passage of the Lewis and Clark Expedition, the fur trade, steamboats on the Missouri and Fort Abraham Lincoln. It also interprets the area's association with the", "id": "17044952" }, { "contents": "Tornado outbreak of April 22–25, 2010\n\n\ncrossed the Mississippi River shortly thereafter, and damaged or destroyed numerous homes on the north side of Eagle Lake. The tornado then moved across the Delta National Forest in Issaquena and Sharkey Counties, causing major tree damage. The tornado again caused significant home damage northwest of Satartia, and again as it crossed Highway 3 near the Crupp community. The tornado then moved through rural areas southwest of Yazoo City, causing major damage or total destruction of a number of homes, as well as intense tree damage. As the tornado approached the", "id": "5566995" }, { "contents": "Segregation academy\n\n\npercent of Virginia's non-Hispanic white students attended these isolated schools., In Mississippi, many of the segregation academies were first established in the black-majority Mississippi Delta region in northwestern Mississippi. The Delta has historically had a very large majority-black population, related to the history of the use of slave labor on cotton plantations. The potential for integration resulted in white parents' establishing segregation academies in every county in the Delta. Many academies are still operating, from Indianola, Mississippi to Humphreys County. These schools", "id": "16560206" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nnationalities which settled in the area over time, forming the diversity of the region. Louisiana's first 18th century colonists were French, but they were soon joined by Spanish and Acadian settlers. The region has been home to other European-immigrant ethnic groups, beginning in the 19th century, including German, Sicilian, and Irish. There are also the Africans, West Indians, and Native Americans in the mix. The combination of these groups over time has created the special culture found in the Mississippi River Delta. Two unique", "id": "16619577" }, { "contents": "Champlain Valley National Heritage Area\n\n\nClinton, Essex, Warren, Saratoga and Washington counties in New York, and Bennington, Rutland, Addison, Chittenden, Franklin and Grand Isle counties in Vermont. Attractions located within the National Heritage Area include Fort Ticonderoga, the Lake Champlain Maritime Museum, Saratoga National Historical Park, portions of Adirondack Park and Green Mountain National Forest, Missisquoi National Wildlife Refuge and the Lake Champlain Underwater Historic Preserves. The Champlain Valley National Heritage Area was established by the Champlain Valley National Heritage Act of 2005. It is administered by the Champlain Valley", "id": "9913189" }, { "contents": "Atchafalaya National Heritage Area\n\n\nof the natural and built environment. The heritage area designation recognizes the area's unique environment and culture, and its contributions to music, English and French language, literature, and cuisine. Major locales included in the Heritage Area include Avery Island, New Iberia, Morgan City, Lafayette, Opelousas, Baton Rouge, Plaquemine and Houma. Jean Lafitte National Historical Park, Longfellow-Evangeline State Historic Site and Plaquemine Lock State Historic Site are included in the heritage area, as well as the Louisiana State Museum branches in Baton Rouge", "id": "9171578" }, { "contents": "Bryant Clark\n\n\nBryant W. Clark (born October 31, 1974) is an American politician from the state of Mississippi. A member of the Democratic Party, Clark is a member of the Mississippi House of Representatives, and represents the 47th district. He has served in the Mississippi House since 2004. The district includes parts of Attala, Holmes and Yazoo counties, which is located in central Mississippi. The district comprises both the Hills and Mississippi Delta regions of the state. Clark is a lifelong resident of Ebenezer, located in southern Holmes County", "id": "18412525" }, { "contents": "Louisiana African American Heritage Trail\n\n\nLouisiana African American Heritage Trail () is a cultural heritage trail with 26 sites designated in 2008 by the state of Louisiana, from New Orleans along the Mississippi River to Baton Rouge and Shreveport, with sites in small towns and plantations also included. In New Orleans several sites are within a walking area. Auto travel is required to reach sites outside the city. A variety of African-American museums devoted to art, history and culture are on the \"trail\", as is the Cane River Creole National Historical Park,", "id": "6088712" }, { "contents": "Delta Blues Museum\n\n\nThe Delta Blues Museum in Clarksdale, Mississippi, United States exists to collect, preserve, and provide public access to and awareness of the blues. Along with holdings of significant blues-related memorabilia, the museum also exhibits and collects art portraying the blues tradition, including works by sculptor Floyd Shaman and photographer Birney Imes. The museum is located in the Yazoo and Mississippi Valley Passenger Depot, also known as Illinois Central Passenger Depot or Clarksdale Passenger Depot, which was built in 1926 and listed on the National Register of Historic Places", "id": "19201111" }, { "contents": "Clarksdale, Mississippi\n\n\nClarksdale is a city in Coahoma County, Mississippi, United States, and seat of the county. The western boundary of the county is formed by the Mississippi River. Located in the Mississippi Delta region, Clarksdale is an agricultural and trading center. It has been home to many blues musicians. Clarksdale is named after John Clark, who founded the city in the mid-19th century. Choctaw and Chickasaw Indians occupied the Delta region prior to the arrival of European settlers. Clarksdale was developed at the former intersection of two Indian routes:", "id": "2119137" }, { "contents": "Education segregation in the Mississippi Delta\n\n\nThe Mississippi Delta region has had the most segregated schools -- and for the longest time—of any part of the United States. As recently as the 2016–2017 school year, East Side High School in Cleveland, Mississippi, was practically all black: 359 of 360 students were African-American. The Delta region of Mississippi is nineteen counties in the northwest of the state, bounded on the west by the Mississippi River and the south by the Yazoo River. It is a poor region of the country's poorest state. In", "id": "13439199" } ]

[ { "contents": "Mississippi Delta National Heritage Area\n\n\nMississippi Delta National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area that seeks to preserve and promote the landscape, culture and history of the Mississippi Delta in the northwestern portion of the U.S. state of Mississippi. The region is famous for blues music and a unique culture that has had broad influence on music and literature, both in the United States and worldwide. The national heritage area comprises Bolivar, Carroll, Coahoma, Desoto, Holmes, Humphreys, Issaquena, Leflore, Panola, Quitman, Sharkey, Tallahatchie, Tate, Tunica", "id": "16296069" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta\n\n\nyears. The land is flat and contains some of the most fertile soil in the world. It is two hundred miles long and seventy miles across at its widest point, encompassing approximately 4,415,000 acres, or, some 7,000 square miles of alluvial floodplain. On the east, it is bounded by bluffs extending beyond the Yazoo River. It includes all or part of the following counties: Washington, Western DeSoto, Humphreys, Carroll, Issaquena, Western Panola, Quitman, Bolivar, Coahoma, Leflore, Sunflower, Sharkey, Tate", "id": "15159893" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta Community College\n\n\nof Mississippi in April 1928. The name was changed to Mississippi Delta Junior College in 1960 and to Mississippi Delta Community College in 1989. The official service area of the college includes Bolivar, Humphreys, Issaquena, Leflore, Sharkey, Sunflower, and Washington counties. Coahoma County was originally in the college's service area, but the Mississippi Legislature removed it effective July 1, 1995, and it is now served by the Coahoma Community College. The main campus is located in Moorhead, Mississippi. Stauffer-Wood Administration Building houses", "id": "21307039" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Gulf Coast National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Mississippi Gulf Coast National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area along the Gulf coast of Mississippi. The designated area comprises six counties recognized for their unique cultural and scenic qualities. The National Heritage Area designation provides a unified marketing and promotional framework for the region. The National Heritage Area comprises Pearl River, Stone, George, Hancock, Harrison and Jackson counties. It includes the Mississippi portion of Gulf Islands National Seashore. The area was devastated by Hurricane Katrina in 2005. Much of the national heritage area's efforts", "id": "16361240" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Hills National Heritage Area\n\n\nMississippi Hills National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the northeastern portion of the U.S. state of Mississippi. The designation commemorates the region's impact on American culture and its role in the American Civil War and the American civil rights movement. The national heritage area designation provides a unified marketing and promotion framework for the area. The national heritage area covers all of Marshall, Benton, Tippah, Alcorn, Tishomingo, Lafayette, Union, Pontotoc, Lee, Itawamba, Calhoun, Chickasaw and Monroe counties, and those", "id": "17388610" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River floods of 2019\n\n\nwith some inundated by 15 feet of water. The Yazoo Backwater Area in the Mississippi Delta north of Vicksburg, Mississippi, experienced both record flood stages and record duration of flooding during the winter, spring, and summer of 2019. Portions of Warren, Issaquena, Sharkey, Yazoo, Humphreys, and Washington Counties were flooded. Almost half of the land area of Issaquena and Sharkey Counties experienced flooding. In late May, flood waters covered over 860 square miles (550,000 acres or 220,000 hectares), including about 390 square miles", "id": "13577492" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta\n\n\n, Tunica, Tallahatchie, Western Holmes, Western Yazoo, Western Grenada and Warren. Lexington is also part of the delta. The shifting river delta at the mouth of the Mississippi on the Gulf Coast lies some 300 miles south of this area, and is referred to as the Mississippi River Delta. The two should not be confused. Chinese began settling in Bolivar County and other Delta counties as plantation workers in the 1870s, though most Delta Chinese families migrated to the state between the 1900s and 1930s. Most Chinese immigrants worked", "id": "15159894" }, { "contents": "George W. Gayles\n\n\n1882, and then again in 1884 and 1886. In the House, he represented the 28th district, which included Bolivar, Coahoma, and Quitman County.In the Senate, he represented the ninth district, including Bolivar, Calhoun, and Sunflower counties. He was also chairman of the Third district Republican Convention in 1886 in Mississippi consisting of Bolivar, Coahoma, Issaquena, Leflore, Sunflower, Sharkey, Tunica, Quitman, Washington, and Warren counties. He was the only black state senator in Mississippi during his terms and", "id": "20783617" }, { "contents": "Coahoma County, Mississippi\n\n\nCoahoma County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 26,151. Its county seat is Clarksdale. The Clarksdale, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area includes all of Coahoma County. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region of Mississippi. Coahoma County was established February 9, 1836, and is located in the northwestern part of the state in the fertile Yazoo Delta region. The name \"Coahoma\" is a Choctaw word meaning \"red panther.\" The act creating the county", "id": "10611425" }, { "contents": "Delta Regional Authority\n\n\nMississippi; Jefferson Davis County, Mississippi; Lawrence County, Mississippi; Leflore County, Mississippi; Lafayette County, Mississippi; Madison County, Mississippi; Marion County, Mississippi; Lincoln County, Mississippi; Montgomery County, Mississippi; Panola County, Mississippi; Marshall County, Mississippi; Quitman County, Mississippi; Rankin County, Mississippi; Pike County, Mississippi; Smith County, Mississippi; Sunflower County, Mississippi; Sharkey County, Mississippi; Simpson County, Mississippi; Tippah County, Mississippi; Tallahatchie County, Mississippi; Tate County", "id": "11170384" }, { "contents": "Delta Regional Authority\n\n\nLouisiana; Winn Parish, Louisiana Mississippi Adams County, Mississippi; Amite County, Mississippi; Attala County, Mississippi; Benton County, Mississippi; Bolivar County, Mississippi; Carroll County, Mississippi; Claiborne County, Mississippi; Coahoma County, Mississippi; Copiah County, Mississippi; Covington County, Mississippi; DeSoto County, Mississippi; Franklin County, Mississippi; Grenada County, Mississippi; Hinds County, Mississippi; Holmes County, Mississippi; Humphreys County, Mississippi; Issaquena County, Mississippi; Jasper County, Mississippi; Jefferson County,", "id": "11170383" }, { "contents": "South Park National Heritage Area\n\n\nSouth Park National Heritage Area is a U.S. National Heritage Area encompassing the South Park of Colorado. Established on March 30, 2009 by the Omnibus Public Land Management Act of 2009 (§7002), the South Park NHA is managed by the Park County, Colorado Office of Tourism to promote and interpret the area's natural, scenic, and cultural resources. The National Heritage Area designation funds promotion of the area's mining, recreation, and ranching heritage. The National Heritage Area covers the majority of Park County, including the", "id": "8157140" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Civil Rights Museum\n\n\n2017, the Mississippi Department of Archives and History brought in Pam Junior as the new museum Director. Junior came from the Smith Robertson Museum and Cultural Center in Jackson, where she had been manager since 1999. Junior is a member of the board of directors for the Mississippi Delta National Heritage Area and Mississippi Book Festival and a co-founder of the Mississippi Black Theater Festival The museum hired Hilferty & Associates to design exhibits for the museum, which were fabricated by Exhibit Concepts. Monadnock Media designed the audio portions of the exhibits", "id": "6914076" }, { "contents": "Leflore County, Mississippi\n\n\nLeflore County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 32,317. The county seat is Greenwood. The county is named for Choctaw leader Greenwood LeFlore, who signed a treaty to cede his people's land to the United States in exchange for land in Indian Territory. LeFlore stayed in Mississippi, settling on land reserved for him in Tallahatchie County. Leflore County is part of the Greenwood, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region, with", "id": "10611085" }, { "contents": "Tallahatchie County, Mississippi\n\n\nTallahatchie County is a county in the U.S. state of Mississippi. At the 2010 census, the population was 15,378. Its county seats are Charleston and Sumner. Tallahatchie County is located in the Mississippi Delta region, divided by the Tallahatchie River which runs from north to south through the county before joining what becomes the Yazoo River in LeFlore County. The county was founded on December 31, 1833 after most of the Choctaw Nation was forced out under Indian Removal. Tallahatchie is a Choctaw name meaning \"rock of waters\". The", "id": "10555589" }, { "contents": "National Coal Heritage Area\n\n\nThe National Coal Heritage Area (NCHA) is a federally designated region of thirteen counties in West Virginia that were the source of \"smokeless\" bituminous coal through much of the 20th century. The National Heritage Area recognizes the area's cultural and historic qualities and serves to promote tourism, historic preservation and economic development in the region. The idea of the NCHA was first proposed in the early 1990s by Congressman Nick Rahall, and was established on November 12, 1996 by the 1996 Omnibus Parks and Public Lands Management Act. The", "id": "8963174" }, { "contents": "Muscle Shoals National Heritage Area\n\n\nMuscle Shoals National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the northwestern portion of the U.S. state of Alabama. It is centered on the portion of the Tennessee River around Muscle Shoals and interprets the region's history and culture. Muscle Shoals National Heritage Area comprises Lauderdale, Limestone, Colbert, Franklin, Lawrence and Morgan counties. Significant features of the heritage area include Wheeler Dam, Wilson Dam, Ivy Green, Rosenbaum House, Barton Hall and the northern end of the Natchez Trace. Muscle Shoals National Heritage Area was", "id": "16977602" }, { "contents": "Deer Creek (Mississippi)\n\n\nDeer Creek (also Issaquena Creek or Lower Deer Creek) is a creek in the U.S. state of Mississippi. Its source is Lake Bolivar, in Scott, Bolivar County, Mississippi. As Deer Creek flows south through the Mississippi Delta, it passes through the following counties: Bolivar, Washington, Sharkey, Issaquena, and Warren; and through the following communities: Metcalfe, Stoneville, Leland, Burdett, Arcola, Hollandale, Panther Burn, Nitta Yuma, Anguilla, Rolling Fork, Cary, Onward, and Valley Park.", "id": "1520113" }, { "contents": "Money, Mississippi\n\n\nMoney is an unincorporated Mississippi Delta community near Greenwood in Leflore County, Mississippi, United States. It has fewer than 100 residents, down from 400 in the early 1950s when a cotton mill operated there. Money is located on a railroad line along the Tallahatchie River, a tributary of the Yazoo River in the eastern part of the Mississippi Delta. The community has ZIP code 38945 in the Greenwood, Mississippi micropolitan area. Money is the site of the 1955 lynching of 14-year-old Emmett Till by white men, an event", "id": "15040548" }, { "contents": "Sharkey County, Mississippi\n\n\nSharkey County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. Part of the western border is formed by the Yazoo River. According to the 2010 census, the population was 4,916, making it the second-least populous county in Mississippi. Its county seat is Rolling Fork. The county is named after William L. Sharkey, the provisional Governor of Mississippi in 1865. Sharkey County is located in the Mississippi Delta region. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of , of which is land", "id": "10555635" }, { "contents": "Oil Region National Heritage Area\n\n\nOil Region National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the northwestern portion of the U.S. state of Pennsylvania. The national heritage area commemorates and promotes the region surrounding Edwin Drake's oil well of 1859 near Titusville, which gave rise to the modern oil industry. The national heritage area includes all of Venango County and a portion of Crawford County, including Titusville and Oil Creek Township The Oil Region National Heritage Area was established by Public Law 108-447 in 2004. It is administered by the Oil Region Alliance.", "id": "17389123" }, { "contents": "Delta National Forest\n\n\nDelta National Forest is a U.S. National Forest in western Mississippi, located in Sharkey County, and has an area of . Delta is operated as the Sunflower Wildlife Management Area. The forest is headquartered in Jackson, as are all six National Forests in Mississippi, but Delta Ranger District office is located in Rolling Fork. It is one of only six National Forests that are contained entirely within a single county and the only bottomland hardwood forest in the National Forest system. The Green Ash-Overcup Oak-Sweetgum Research Natural Areas within", "id": "3631940" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\ninfluences in the Mississippi River Delta. They continue to shape preferences of food, music, and art, as well as to maintain the unique identities existing in the southernmost parts of the region. Both cultures speak a form of French; but they are considered to be autonomous and distinct dialects. From 1910–1920, New Orleans became the birthplace of jazz and since has continued its legacy of being home to budding musicians and new musical experiences, tying music directly to its unique culture and diverse heritage. The origins of jazz and blues", "id": "16619580" }, { "contents": "Journey Through Hallowed Ground National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Journey Through Hallowed Ground National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in portions of Pennsylvania, West Virginia, Maryland and Virginia, in the eastern United States. The Journey Through Hallowed Ground National Heritage Area was established on May 8, 2008 by Public Law 110-229, the Consolidated Natural Resources Act of 2008.The designation provides a framework for the promotion and interpretation of the area's cultural and historic character, with particular emphasis on the region's role in the American Civil War, and the preservation of the natural", "id": "13516660" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta\n\n\nThe Mississippi Delta, also known as the Yazoo-Mississippi Delta, is the distinctive northwest section of the U.S. state of Mississippi (and portions of Arkansas and Louisiana) which lies between the Mississippi and Yazoo Rivers. The region has been called \"The Most Southern Place on Earth\" (\"Southern\" in the sense of \"characteristic of its region, the American South\"), because of its unique racial, cultural, and economic history. It is long and across at its widest point, encompassing about , or", "id": "15159888" }, { "contents": "Freedom's Way National Heritage Area\n\n\nFreedom's Way National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing portions of northern Massachusetts and southern New Hampshire. The heritage area includes sites significant to the American Revolution, cultural sites associated with Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau, and Native American sites. The heritage area seeks to preserve the region's landscape and historic structures. The National Heritage Area includes Minute Man National Historical Park, portions of Middlesex and Worcester counties in Massachusetts, and portions of Hillsborough County, New Hampshire, an area including a total of", "id": "14966358" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta\n\n\nside of the Mississippi River, another area of high poverty). The 1990s state legalization of casino gambling in Mississippi has boosted the Delta's economy, particularly in the areas of Tunica and Vicksburg. A large cultural influence in the region is its history of hunting and fishing. Hunting in the Delta is primarily for game such as whitetail deer, wild turkey, and waterfowl, along with many small game species (squirrel, rabbit, dove, quail, raccoon, etc.) For many years, the hunting and fishing", "id": "15159912" }, { "contents": "Baltimore National Heritage Area\n\n\nBaltimore National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing portions of Baltimore, Maryland, USA. The designated area includes the central portion of the city, waterfront, inner neighborhoods and portions of the city's park system. The district includes Fort McHenry and the Inner Harbor, as well as portions of the Charles Street, Falls Road, National Historic Seaport and Star Spangled Banner Maryland Scenic Byways. The Baltimore National Heritage Area was established on March 30, 2009 by the Omnibus Public Land Management Act of 2009 (§", "id": "8582841" }, { "contents": "B.B. King Museum\n\n\nThe B.B. King Museum and Delta Interpretive Center is a Delta blues museum with the mission to \"empower, unite and heal through music, art and education and share with the world the rich cultural heritage of the Mississippi Delta.\" The museum, named for blues legend, B.B. King, is located in his hometown of Indianola, Mississippi, in the United States. The B.B. King Museum and Delta Interpretive Center opened in Indianola Mississippi on September 13, 2008. The museum features a restored brick cotton gin building in which B.B.", "id": "17262603" }, { "contents": "Louise, Mississippi\n\n\nLouise is a town in Humphreys County, Mississippi. The population was 199 at the 2010 census, down from 315 at the 2000 census. Louise is located in southern Humphreys County at (32.981549, -90.591624), along Silver Creek in the Mississippi Delta region. Mississippi Highway 149 passes just east of the town, leading north to U.S. Route 49W at Silver City and south via Mississippi Highway 16 to Yazoo City. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town of Louise has a total area of , all land.", "id": "2222822" }, { "contents": "Arkansas Delta\n\n\nblues and gospel traditions. The East Central Delta area has produced a small number of talented and influential R&B artists. Arkansas's blues Influence, shares a rich heritage with Mississippi and Memphis, Tennessee. Arkansas was home to numerous blues masters, who are held in high esteem by newer generations learning blues history. Arkansas blues artists influenced decades of pop culture music by such artists as Muddy Waters, Little Milton, B.B. King, Eric Clapton, Jeff Beck, Joe Bonamassa, Stevie Ray Vaughan, George Harrison and the Rolling Stones", "id": "6558115" }, { "contents": "Cruger, Mississippi\n\n\nCruger is a town in Holmes County, Mississippi, United States. The population was 386 at the 2010 census, down from 449 at the 2000 census. Cruger is in the northwest corner of Holmes County, in the Mississippi Delta region along U.S. Route 49E. Greenwood is north of Cruger via US 49E, and Yazoo City is to the south. According to the United States Census Bureau, Cruger has a total area of , all land. As of the census of 2000, there were 449 people, 161 households, and", "id": "2222747" }, { "contents": "Carroll County, Mississippi\n\n\nCarroll County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 10,597. Its county seats are Carollton and Vaiden. The county is named for Charles Carroll of Carrollton, the last surviving signatory of the U.S. Declaration of Independence. Carroll County is part of the Greenwood, Micropolitan Statistical Area. Bordered by the Yazoo River on the west and the Big Black River to the east, it is considered within the Mississippi Delta region. Most of its land is in the hill country", "id": "10611479" }, { "contents": "Minter City, Mississippi\n\n\nMinter City is an unincorporated community located in Leflore County and in Tallahatchie County, Mississippi. It is part of the Greenwood, Mississippi micropolitan area, and is within the Mississippi Delta. Mississippi Highway 8 intersects U.S. Route 49E southwest of Minter City, and the Tallahatchie River flows to the east. There is a post office located on U.S. Route 49E, with a ZIP code of 38944. Variant names for the original settlement were \"Walnut Place Landing\" and \"Minter City Landing\". Spanish explorer Hernando de Soto may have", "id": "12467995" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta AVA\n\n\nThe Mississippi Delta AVA is an American Viticultural Area on the left (east) bank of the Mississippi River, between Memphis, Tennessee, and Vicksburg, Mississippi. It includes portions of the Mississippi Delta and the watershed of the lower Mississippi River in the U.S. states of Louisiana (west bank), Mississippi, and Tennessee. Since the creation of the AVA in 1984, there has been very little viticulture in the Mississippi Delta region. Mississippi State University established an enology laboratory to research grape cultivation in the area, but little", "id": "16585963" }, { "contents": "Greenwood, Mississippi\n\n\nGreenwood is a city in and the county seat of Leflore County, Mississippi, located at the eastern edge of the Mississippi Delta, approximately 96 miles north of the state capital, Jackson, Mississippi, and 130 miles south of the riverport of Memphis, Tennessee. It was a center of cotton planter culture in the 19th century. The population was 16,087 at the 2010 census. It is the principal city of the Greenwood Micropolitan Statistical Area. Greenwood developed at the confluence of the Tallahatchie and the Yalobusha rivers, which form the", "id": "3378194" }, { "contents": "Bolivar County, Mississippi\n\n\nBolivar County ( ) is a county located on the western border of the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 34,145. Its county seats are Rosedale and Cleveland. The county is named in honor of Simón Bolívar, early 19th-century leader of the liberation of several South American colonies from Spain. The Cleveland, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area includes all of Bolivar County. It is located in the Mississippi Delta, or Yazoo Basin, of Mississippi. This area was first developed for cotton plantations", "id": "10611493" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nmusic in the region is closely connected to the Mississippi River and the delta, as the location allowed for an influx of cultural influences, including blues and bluegrass music from upriver, to the African and Latin folk hymns and music from the Caribbean islands. The delta is still synonymous with the sounds of jazz, funk and zydeco and remains to be an important cultural hub for new sounds and music, bringing thousands to the area every year to experience the lifestyle and participate in the natural rhythms of the area. The region is", "id": "16619581" }, { "contents": "Essex National Heritage Commission\n\n\nThe Essex National Heritage Commission (ENHC) is a non-profit organization charted to oversee the Essex National Heritage Area, a National Heritage Area composed of all of Essex County, Massachusetts. The commission promotes the cultural heritage with public and private partnerships and with the National Park Service by developing programs that enhance, preserve and encourage regional awareness of the area's unique historic, cultural and natural resources. The commission is based in Salem. The organization has sponsored a number of events and programs that celebrate the region’s history,", "id": "16440799" }, { "contents": "Blue Ridge National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Blue Ridge National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing the twenty-five westernmost counties of North Carolina, which are associated with the Blue Ridge Mountains. The designation provides a framework for the promotion and interpretation of the area's cultural and historic character, and the preservation of the natural and built environment. The National Heritage Area includes the North Carolina portions of Great Smoky Mountains National Park and the Blue Ridge Parkway. Other attractions include Mount Mitchell in Pisgah National Forest, Nantahala National Forest and the North Carolina", "id": "9719864" }, { "contents": "Poverty Point\n\n\nPoverty Point State Historic Site (; 16 WC 5) is a prehistoric earthwork constructed by the Poverty Point culture. The Poverty Point site is located in present-day northeastern Louisiana though evidence of the Poverty Point culture extends throughout much of the Southeastern United States. The culture extended across the Mississippi Delta and south to the Gulf Coast. The Poverty Point site has been designated as a U.S. National Monument, a U.S. National Historic Landmark, and UNESCO World Heritage Site. Located in the Southern United States, the site is from the", "id": "10100047" }, { "contents": "Geography of Arkansas\n\n\nState Park, Delta Heritage Trail State Park, Felsenthal National Wildlife Refuge, Lake Chicot State Park, Mississippi River State Park, Overflow National Wildlife Refuge and White River National Wildlife Refuge. The flat topography and fertile soils of Southeast Arkansas have been important to the region throughout its history, first to the Native American that inhabited the region. This history is available today at museums like the Pine Bluff/Jefferson County Historical Museum. The area was one of the first explored and settled in Arkansas; including the territorial capital at Arkansas", "id": "17334085" }, { "contents": "Tchula, Mississippi\n\n\nhad vanished, partly due to increased use of machines in agriculture. Many businesses formerly in the town had disappeared. Tchula is in western Holmes County along Tchula Lake, an old river channel in the Mississippi Delta region of the state. U.S. Route 49E passes through the center of town, leading north to Greenwood and southwest to Yazoo. Mississippi Highway 12 leads southeast from Tchula to Lexington, the Holmes County seat. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of , of which , or 2.31", "id": "2222794" }, { "contents": "Freedom's Frontier National Heritage Area\n\n\nFreedom's Frontier National Heritage Area, Inc. (FFNHA) is a federally designated U.S. National Heritage Area located in eastern Kansas and Western Missouri. This heritage area preserves, conserves, and interprets historic and cultural landscapes pertaining to: the shaping of the frontier, the Missouri-Kansas Border War, and the enduring struggle for freedom. FFNHA was authorized on October 12, 2006, with the passage of the National Heritage Areas Act of 2006. The management plan for the heritage area was approved by the Board of Trustees on June", "id": "353294" }, { "contents": "Sunflower County, Mississippi\n\n\nSunflower County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 29,450. Its largest city and county seat is Indianola. Sunflower County comprises the Indianola, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is included in the Cleveland-Indianola, MS Combined Statistical Area. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region. Sunflower Country was created in 1844. The land mass encompassed most of Sunflower and Leflore Counties as we know them today. The first seat of government was Clayton, located near", "id": "10555603" }, { "contents": "Atchafalaya National Heritage Area\n\n\nAtchafalaya National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing parts of fourteen parishes along the Atchafalaya River in the U.S. State of Louisiana. The heritage area extends the length of the Atchafalaya Basin from the area of Ferriday in the north to the river's mouth beyond Morgan City. The National Heritage Area is divided into four regions: Upper, Between 2 Rivers, Bayou Teche Corridor and the Coastal Zone. The designation provides a framework for the promotion and interpretation of the area's cultural and historic character, and the preservation", "id": "9171577" }, { "contents": "Niagara Falls National Heritage Area\n\n\nNiagara Falls National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing the Niagara Falls region of the U.S. State of New York. The heritage area includes the communities of Niagara Falls, Youngstown and Lewiston. The designation provides a framework for the promotion and interpretation of the area's cultural and historic character, and the preservation of the natural and built environment. The heritage area designation recognizes the area's importance to Native Americans, to early European explorers of America, the American Revolution, the War of 1812 and the area's", "id": "9115304" }, { "contents": "Warren County, Mississippi\n\n\nWarren County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 48,773. Its county seat is Vicksburg. Created by legislative act of 22 December 1809, Warren County is named for American Revolutionary War officer Joseph Warren. Part of the Mississippi Delta and the historic cotton culture, Warren County is included in the Vicksburg, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Jackson-Vicksburg-Brookhaven, MS Combined Statistical Area. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the", "id": "10555530" }, { "contents": "Greenwood, Mississippi micropolitan area\n\n\nThe Greenwood Micropolitan Statistical Area is a micropolitan area in the northwestern Delta region of Mississippi that covers two counties - Leflore and Carroll. As of the 2000 census, the μSA had a population of 48,716 (though a July 1, 2009 estimate placed the population at 44,841). As of the census of 2000, there were 48,716 people, 17,027 households, and 11,956 families residing within the μSA. The racial makeup of the μSA was 37.22% White, 60.85% African American, 0.10% Native American, 0.54% Asian", "id": "8919330" }, { "contents": "James Thomas (blues musician)\n\n\n\". In 1985, his work was featured in the prestigious Corcoran Gallery in Washington, D.C., where he was introduced to Nancy Reagan, then the First Lady. Thomas's skulls are on display in the Delta Blues Museum, in Clarksdale, Mississippi, and the Highway 61 Blues Museum, in Leland, Mississippi. Thomas played at numerous blues festivals and private parties throughout the area, including the Mississippi Delta Blues and Heritage Festival in Greenville. In the 1970s, Eddie Cusic performed with Thomas at regular engagements. Together they", "id": "17330513" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nand is an important coastal region for the United States, containing more than of coastal wetlands and 37% of the estuarine marsh in the conterminous U.S. The coastal area is the nation's largest drainage basin and drains about 41% of the contiguous United States into the Gulf of Mexico at an average rate of . The modern Mississippi River Delta formed over the last approximately 4,500 years as the Mississippi River deposited sand, clay and silt along its banks and in adjacent basins. The Mississippi River Delta is a river-dominated delta system", "id": "16619564" }, { "contents": "Arabia Mountain National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Arabia Mountain National Heritage Area is a National Heritage Area in the U.S. state of Georgia that encompasses natural, cultural, and historical elements to form a cohesive, nationally significant environment. The area is due east of Atlanta and spans reaching from the historic commercial center of Lithonia to the Monastery of the Holy Spirit in Conyers, including a number of sites in between, including Panola Mountain State Park, Davidson-Arabia Mountain Nature Preserve, the Mall at Stonecrest, and more. The Heritage Area was established in 2006, and", "id": "352970" }, { "contents": "Sangre de Cristo National Heritage Area\n\n\nSangre de Cristo National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the south central portion of the U.S. state of Colorado. The heritage area includes the San Luis Valley and portions of the Sangre de Cristo Range. The region combines influences of Anglo-American, Hispano-American and Native American influences. It also includes portions of the upper Rio Grande valley. The national heritage area includes Alamosa, Costilla, and Conejos counties, and portions of Saguache and Rio Grande counties. It also includes within its boundaries Great Sand", "id": "17389640" }, { "contents": "Delta State–Mississippi College football rivalry\n\n\nThe Delta State–Mississippi College football rivalry, commonly known as the Heritage Bell Classic, is a college football rivalry game between a public university and a private Christian college in the U.S. state of Mississippi, the Delta State University Statesmen and the Mississippi College Choctaws. The current winner is Delta State, who won, 28–21, on November 10, 2018. Delta State leads the all-time series, 22–15–2. The Delta State Statesmen were co-founding members of the Gulf South Conference in 1970. Mississippi College joined the", "id": "15797675" }, { "contents": "Delta blues\n\n\nDelta blues is one of the earliest-known styles of blues music. It originated in the Mississippi Delta, a region of the U.S. stretching from Memphis, Tennessee, in the north to Vicksburg, Mississippi, in the south and from Helena, Arkansas, in the west to the Yazoo River in the east. The Mississippi Delta is famous for its fertile soil and for its poverty. Delta blues is regarded as a regional variant of country blues. Guitar and harmonica are its dominant instruments; slide guitar is a hallmark of", "id": "7794018" }, { "contents": "Arkansas Delta\n\n\na decline. Charles Bowden of \"National Geographic\" wrote, \"By 1970 the sharecropping world was already disappearing, and the landscape of today—huge fields, giant machines, battered towns, few people—beginning to emerge.\" The Arkansas Delta is known for its rich musical heritage. While defined primarily by its deep blues/gospel roots, it is distinguished somewhat from its Mississippi Delta counterpart by more intricately interwoven country music and R&B elements. Arkansas blues musicians have defined every genre of blues from its inception, including", "id": "6558110" }, { "contents": "Greenwood High School (Mississippi)\n\n\nGreenwood High School is a public high school located in Greenwood, Leflore County, in the U.S. state of Mississippi. The school is part of the Greenwood Public School District. Greenwood, Mississippi, is a town of slightly over 15,000 residents located on the banks of the Yazoo River about south of Memphis, Tennessee, and about north of Jackson, Mississippi. The city and county are named after Greenwood Leflore, the designated leader of the Choctaw nation who ceded Mississippi land under pressure of the 1830 Indian Removal Act to the United", "id": "4541464" }, { "contents": "Upper Housatonic Valley National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Upper Housatonic Valley National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the U.S. states of Connecticut and Massachusetts. The heritage area interprets and promotes the historical, cultural and scenic features of the upper Housatonic River valley in the western part of both states. The heritage area focuses on five themes: the area's role as a resort for writers, artists, actors and musicians, the scenic landscape, the area's role in industry, the American Revolutionary War, and the social and religious groups associated with the area", "id": "17597179" }, { "contents": "National Heritage Area\n\n\nA National Heritage Area is a site designated by United States and intended to encourage historic preservation of the area and an appreciation of the history and heritage of the site. There are currently 55 National Heritage Areas, some of which use variations of the title, such as National Heritage Corridor. National Heritage Areas (NHAs) are not National Park Service units or federally owned or managed land. NHAs are administered by state governments or non-profit organizations or other private corporations, referred to as \"local coordinating entities\". The", "id": "2301876" }, { "contents": "Lackawanna Heritage Valley National and State Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Lackawanna Heritage Valley National and State Heritage Area is a state and federally designated National Heritage Area in northeastern Pennsylvania. It was initially established in 1991 as the first State Heritage Park in Pennsylvania, and was additionally designated a National Heritage Area in 2000. The designations recognize the area's heritage of industry, architecture, history and natural resources, and provide a framework for development and promotion of these features. The Lackawanna Heritage Valley National and State Heritage Area is managed by the Lackawanna Heritage Valley Authority, or LHVA. The National", "id": "16220344" }, { "contents": "Kenai Mountains – Turnagain Arm National Heritage Area\n\n\nKenai Mountains – Turnagain Arm National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the U.S. state of Alaska. The heritage area extends across the northern part of the Kenai Peninsula, immediately to the north and east of Kenai Fjords National Park. The designation recognizes the area's unique cultural, scenic and historical features and provides a unified organization for promotion of the area's attractions. The Kenai Mountains – Turnagain Arm National Heritage Area (KMTA) includes the road corridor between Seward and Hope and Whittier, from Resurrection Bay in", "id": "16167272" }, { "contents": "Mayersville, Mississippi\n\n\nMayersville is a town on the east bank of the Mississippi River, and the county seat for Issaquena County, Mississippi, United States. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region, known for cotton cultivation in the antebellum era. Once the trading center for the county, the town was superseded when railroads were built into the area. The population of the majority-black town was 547 at the 2010 census, down from 795 at the 2000 census. Native Americans had lived in this area since prehistoric times. The Mayersville", "id": "2222833" }, { "contents": "Crenshaw, Mississippi\n\n\nCrenshaw is a town in Panola and Quitman counties in the U.S. state of Mississippi. The population was 916 at the 2000 census. Crenshaw is located at (34.502661, -90.195841). Most of the town is in Panola County with a small portion on the west side in Quitman County. In the 2000 census, 697 of the town's 916 residents (76.1%) lived in Panola County and 219 (23.9%) in Quitman County. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of", "id": "17931693" }, { "contents": "Panola County, Mississippi\n\n\nPanola County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 34,707. Its county seats are Sardis and Batesville. Panola is the anglicization of \"ponolo\", a word meaning thread in both old Choctaw and Chickasaw and cotton in modern Choctaw. The county is located just east of the Mississippi Delta and bisected by the Tallahatchie River flowing to the southwest, separating the two county seats. Panola County was established February 9, 1836, and is one of the twelve large", "id": "10555705" }, { "contents": "MotorCities National Heritage Area\n\n\nMotorCities National Heritage Area or Motor Cities National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area that commemorates and promotes the automobile industry in Metro Detroit, with portions of 16 counties in southern Michigan, United States. The scope of the heritage area includes sites and events relating to the motor industry as well as the industry's impact on labor, society and the environment. The heritage area comprises more than 1200 automotive-related sites, including the Henry Ford Museum, Fair Lane, various Ford plants, the Automotive Hall of Fame", "id": "16976479" }, { "contents": "Great Basin National Heritage Area\n\n\nGreat Basin National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in Nevada and Utah, including White Pine County, Nevada and Millard County, Utah. The area was designated to recognize and promote the scenic and cultural resources associated with this central portion of the Great Basin. The National Heritage Area includes Great Basin National Park and portions of Humboldt-Toiyabe and Fishlake National Forests, as well as Fort Deseret, Sevier Lake and the Topaz War Relocation Center. Great Basin National Heritage Area was designated on October 13, 2006.", "id": "15909144" }, { "contents": "Crowder, Mississippi\n\n\nCrowder is a town in Panola and Quitman counties in the state of Mississippi. The population was 766 at the 2000 census. Most of Crowder is in Quitman County with a portion on the east in adjacent Panola County. In the 2000 census, 462 of the town's 766 residents (60.3%) lived in Quitman County and 304 (39.7%) in Panola County. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 0.4 square miles (1.2 km², all land. As of the", "id": "17931698" }, { "contents": "Rivers of Steel National Heritage Area\n\n\nRivers of Steel National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in southwestern Pennsylvania, centered on Pittsburgh and oriented around the interpretation and promotion of the region's steel-making heritage. The area roughly covers the valleys of the Ohio, Monongahela and lower Allegheny rivers. Major interpretive locations include the Carrie Furnace, Pinkerton's Landing Bridge and other features of the Homestead Steel Works. The national heritage area comprises Allegheny, Armstrong, Beaver, Butler, Greene, Fayette, Washington and Westmoreland counties. Rivers of Steel National Heritage", "id": "17389345" }, { "contents": "Crowley's Ridge Parkway\n\n\nroute which allowed the traveler to experience the Southern heritage of the area. The National Scenic Byway designation came the following year, with an extension into Missouri in 2000. The majority of the route is in Arkansas, and the parkway begins in Phillips County, Arkansas, in Helena-West Helena very near the Helena Bridge over the Mississippi River. Beginning at US Route 49 (US 49) and running north with US 49 Business (US 49B), the route passes historic properties including the Delta Cultural Center, the Jerome", "id": "1149985" }, { "contents": "Issaquena County, Mississippi\n\n\nIssaquena County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 1,406, making it the least populous county in the United States east of the Mississippi River. Its county seat is Mayersville. With a per-capita income of $18,598, Issaquena County is the poorest county in the United States. Issaquena County is located in the Mississippi Delta region. The Mississippi River flows along the entire western boundary of the county, and many of the earliest communities were river ports.", "id": "10611264" }, { "contents": "Delta Regional Authority\n\n\n, Mississippi; Tunica County, Mississippi; Union County, Mississippi; Walthall County, Mississippi; Warren County, Mississippi; Washington County, Mississippi; Wilkinson County, Mississippi; Yalobusha County, Mississippi; Yazoo County, Mississippi Missouri Bollinger County, Missouri; Butler County, Missouri; Cape Girardeau County, Missouri; Carter County, Missouri; Crawford County, Missouri; Dent County, Missouri; Douglas County, Missouri; Dunklin County, Missouri; Howell County, Missouri; Iron County, Missouri; Madison County, Missouri; Mississippi", "id": "11170385" }, { "contents": "Tunica County, Mississippi\n\n\nTunica County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 10,778. Its county seat is Tunica. The county is named for the Tunica Native Americans. Most migrated to central Louisiana during the colonial period. Tunica County is part of the Memphis, TN-MS-AR Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region. Since the late 20th century, it is known for Tunica Resorts (formerly Robinsonville), an unincorporated community that is the site", "id": "10555567" }, { "contents": "Emmett Till\n\n\nin the Mississippi Delta are memorialized as associated with Till. Emmett Till was born in 1941 in Chicago; he was the son of Mamie Carthan (1921–2003) and Louis Till (1922–1945). Emmett's mother Mamie was born in the small Delta town of Webb, Mississippi. The Delta region encompasses the large, multi-county area of northwestern Mississippi in the watershed of the Yazoo and Mississippi rivers. When Carthan was two years old, her family moved to Argo, Illinois, as part of the Great Migration of rural", "id": "2570054" }, { "contents": "History of New Orleans\n\n\nUnion during the Civil War. With its rich and unique cultural and architectural heritage, it remains a major destination for tourism, conventions, and major sports events, even after the major destruction and loss of life resulting from Hurricane Katrina in 2005. The land mass that was to become the city of New Orleans was formed around 2200 BC when the Mississippi River deposited silt creating the delta region. Before Europeans founded the settlement, the area was inhabited by Native Americans for about 1300 years. The Mississippian culture peoples built mounds and", "id": "3084005" }, { "contents": "B.B. King Museum\n\n\nKing worked in the 1940s. The museum also contains an extensive collection of artifacts owned by King and displays exhibits about his life and the lives of other musicians of the delta region and the culture where the blues arose. The museum commemorates the famous blues artist, B.B King, who was from the Mississippi Delta. The museum has multiple exhibits highlighting King's Delta Blue music. Exhibits include interactive exhibits, King memorabilia, and stories. The museum seeks to help preserve Delta Blues and its culture by promoting its importance. In", "id": "17262604" }, { "contents": "Missouri Bootheel\n\n\nwrites: Given the population in the area, even a moderately sized earthquake would be disastrous. The Bootheel (pronounced Boothill in the region) is on the edge of the Mississippi Delta culture that produced the Delta blues. Its relatively large black population makes it distinct from the rest of rural Missouri. The area has a unique rural black culture reflected in its music, churches and other traditions. The black population ranges from about 26% in Pemiscot County, to 15% in New Madrid County, and about 9% in", "id": "12618286" }, { "contents": "Moorhead, Mississippi\n\n\nMoorhead is a city in Sunflower County, Mississippi. As of the 2000 census, the city population was 2,573. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of , of which is land and 0.77% is water. Moorhead is along U.S. Route 82, east of Indianola. Moorhead is located at the intersection of the Southern and Yazoo Delta railroads. This is the origin of the legendary blues crossroads phrase \"where the Southern cross the Dog\". As of the 2010 United States Census,", "id": "2223816" }, { "contents": "Blanche Bruce\n\n\nsteamboat porter on the Mississippi River. In 1864, he moved to Hannibal, Missouri, where he established a school for black children. In 1868, during Reconstruction, Bruce relocated to Bolivar near Cleveland in northwestern Mississippi, at which he purchased a Mississippi Delta plantation. He became a wealthy landowner of several thousand acres in the Mississippi Delta. He was appointed to the positions of Tallahatchie County registrar of voters and tax assessor before he won an election for sheriff in Bolivar County. He later was elected to other county positions,", "id": "13640962" }, { "contents": "Delta, Mississippi\n\n\nDelta is a ghost town in Coahoma County, Mississippi, United States. Once a thriving port on the Mississippi River, Delta today is covered by farmland and a portion of the Mississippi Levee. Nothing remains of the original settlement. The county seat was moved from Port Royal to Delta in 1842. In 1844, Delta was surveyed and laid off into lots. The town had a population of about 700, and was a busy steamboat port. Delta incorporated in 1848. That same year, the river flooded the town,", "id": "8584565" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nbenefits that are unique to the region. These vital resources are at constant risk of being lost with the continual land loss and the decreasing size of the natural coastal area. The Mississippi River Delta has a strong economy which relies heavily on tourism and recreational activities such as fishing, hunting and wildlife watching as well as commercial fishing, oil, gas, and shipping industries. There are a number of major industries in the Mississippi River Delta that drive the local and national economy, including: In total, the five Gulf Coast", "id": "16619584" }, { "contents": "Holmes County, Mississippi\n\n\nHolmes County is a county in the U.S. state of Mississippi; its western border is formed by the Yazoo River and the eastern border by the Big Black River. The western part of the county is within the Yazoo-Mississippi Delta. As of the 2010 census, the population was 19,198. Its county seat is Lexington. The county is named in honor of David Holmes, territorial governor and the first governor of the state of Mississippi and later United States Senator for Mississippi. A favorite son, Edmond Favor Noel, was", "id": "10611282" }, { "contents": "Greenville, Mississippi\n\n\nGreenville is a city in, and the county seat of, Washington County, Mississippi, United States. The population was 34,400 at the 2010 census. It is located in the area of historic cotton plantations and culture known as the Mississippi Delta. This area was occupied by indigenous peoples for thousands of years. When the French explored here, they encountered the historic Natchez people. As part of their colony known as \"La Louisiane\", the French established a settlement at what became Natchez, Mississippi. Other Native American tribes", "id": "2224007" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nartery. In addition to shipping, local and commercial fisheries continued to expand. The discovery of vast oil and gas deposits brought further economic and environmental changes to the delta. Despite these profound changes, the delta today remains very much rooted in the vibrant cultural and social traditions of its residents. The Mississippi River Delta is home to more than two million people. The location of the delta at the mouth of the Mississippi River allowed for the area to be a cultural gateway into the United States, and influenced the mix of", "id": "16619576" }, { "contents": "Essex Heritage\n\n\nEssex Heritage is a non-profit organization charted to promote the cultural heritage of Essex County in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. Working with both public and private partnerships and with the National Park Service, the group supports and develops programs that enhance, preserve and encourage regional awareness of the area’s unique historic, cultural and natural resources. Headquartered in Salem, Massachusetts, the Commission services the 34 communities of Essex County. It has been recognized by the United States Congress in recognition of the important role that this region played in American", "id": "16609234" }, { "contents": "Washington County, Mississippi\n\n\nWashington County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 51,137. Its county seat is Greenville. The county is named in honor of the first President of the United States, George Washington. The Greenville, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area includes all of Washington County. It is located in the Mississippi Delta. Located in the Mississippi Delta, Washington County was first developed for cotton cultivation in the antebellum years. Most plantations were developed to have access to the rivers, which", "id": "10555522" }, { "contents": "Mississippi\n\n\nIsland. The northwest remainder of the state consists of the Mississippi Delta, a section of the Mississippi Alluvial Plain. The plain is narrow in the south and widens north of Vicksburg. The region has rich soil, partly made up of silt which had been regularly deposited by the flood waters of the Mississippi River. Areas under the management of the National Park Service include: Mississippi City Population Rankings of at least 50,000 (United States Census Bureau as of 2017): Mississippi City Population Rankings of at least 20,000 but fewer than", "id": "21293458" }, { "contents": "Belzoni, Mississippi\n\n\nBelzoni ( ) is a city in Humphreys County, Mississippi, in the Mississippi Delta region, on the Yazoo River. The population was 2,235 at the 2010 census. It is the county seat of Humphreys County. It was named for the 19th-century Italian archaeologist/explorer Giovanni Battista Belzoni. The area was named Farm-Raised Catfish Capital of the World in 1976 by then Governor Cliff Finch, since it produces more farm-raised catfish than any other U.S. county. About of the county are under water in ponds", "id": "2222804" }, { "contents": "2011 Mississippi River floods\n\n\nfrom Vicksburg was cut off for more than two weeks. U.S. Highway 61 between Vicksburg and Port Gibson was closed by backwater flooding along the Big Black River on May 12; it reopened June 1. Another portion of U.S. Highway 61 near Redwood was closed by backwater flooding along the Yazoo River on May 13 and was closed until June 3. In anticipation of major flooding, the U.S. federal government declared 14 counties along the Mississippi River, the Thames River: Adams, Bolivar, Claiborne, Coahoma, DeSoto, Humphreys, Issaquena", "id": "8214155" }, { "contents": "Memphis, Tennessee\n\n\nother places in the world could offer cheaper labor, and the workforce was undereducated for today's challenges. The Memphis Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA), the 42nd largest in the United States, has a 2010 population of 1,316,100 and includes the Tennessee counties of Shelby, Tipton and Fayette; as well as the northern Mississippi counties of DeSoto, Marshall, Tate, and Tunica; and Crittenden County, Arkansas, all part of the Mississippi Delta. The total metropolitan area has a higher proportion of whites and a higher per capita", "id": "4225772" }, { "contents": "Northern Plains National Heritage Area\n\n\nNorthern Plains National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area along an length of the Missouri River in central North Dakota. The heritage area promotes and interprets the scenic, cultural and historic heritage of the region. It extends from Knife River Indian Villages National Historic Site to Huff Indian Village State Historic Site The area interprets the history of the Three Affiliated Tribes, the passage of the Lewis and Clark Expedition, the fur trade, steamboats on the Missouri and Fort Abraham Lincoln. It also interprets the area's association with the", "id": "17044952" }, { "contents": "Tornado outbreak of April 22–25, 2010\n\n\ncrossed the Mississippi River shortly thereafter, and damaged or destroyed numerous homes on the north side of Eagle Lake. The tornado then moved across the Delta National Forest in Issaquena and Sharkey Counties, causing major tree damage. The tornado again caused significant home damage northwest of Satartia, and again as it crossed Highway 3 near the Crupp community. The tornado then moved through rural areas southwest of Yazoo City, causing major damage or total destruction of a number of homes, as well as intense tree damage. As the tornado approached the", "id": "5566995" }, { "contents": "Segregation academy\n\n\npercent of Virginia's non-Hispanic white students attended these isolated schools., In Mississippi, many of the segregation academies were first established in the black-majority Mississippi Delta region in northwestern Mississippi. The Delta has historically had a very large majority-black population, related to the history of the use of slave labor on cotton plantations. The potential for integration resulted in white parents' establishing segregation academies in every county in the Delta. Many academies are still operating, from Indianola, Mississippi to Humphreys County. These schools", "id": "16560206" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nnationalities which settled in the area over time, forming the diversity of the region. Louisiana's first 18th century colonists were French, but they were soon joined by Spanish and Acadian settlers. The region has been home to other European-immigrant ethnic groups, beginning in the 19th century, including German, Sicilian, and Irish. There are also the Africans, West Indians, and Native Americans in the mix. The combination of these groups over time has created the special culture found in the Mississippi River Delta. Two unique", "id": "16619577" }, { "contents": "Champlain Valley National Heritage Area\n\n\nClinton, Essex, Warren, Saratoga and Washington counties in New York, and Bennington, Rutland, Addison, Chittenden, Franklin and Grand Isle counties in Vermont. Attractions located within the National Heritage Area include Fort Ticonderoga, the Lake Champlain Maritime Museum, Saratoga National Historical Park, portions of Adirondack Park and Green Mountain National Forest, Missisquoi National Wildlife Refuge and the Lake Champlain Underwater Historic Preserves. The Champlain Valley National Heritage Area was established by the Champlain Valley National Heritage Act of 2005. It is administered by the Champlain Valley", "id": "9913189" }, { "contents": "Atchafalaya National Heritage Area\n\n\nof the natural and built environment. The heritage area designation recognizes the area's unique environment and culture, and its contributions to music, English and French language, literature, and cuisine. Major locales included in the Heritage Area include Avery Island, New Iberia, Morgan City, Lafayette, Opelousas, Baton Rouge, Plaquemine and Houma. Jean Lafitte National Historical Park, Longfellow-Evangeline State Historic Site and Plaquemine Lock State Historic Site are included in the heritage area, as well as the Louisiana State Museum branches in Baton Rouge", "id": "9171578" }, { "contents": "Bryant Clark\n\n\nBryant W. Clark (born October 31, 1974) is an American politician from the state of Mississippi. A member of the Democratic Party, Clark is a member of the Mississippi House of Representatives, and represents the 47th district. He has served in the Mississippi House since 2004. The district includes parts of Attala, Holmes and Yazoo counties, which is located in central Mississippi. The district comprises both the Hills and Mississippi Delta regions of the state. Clark is a lifelong resident of Ebenezer, located in southern Holmes County", "id": "18412525" }, { "contents": "Louisiana African American Heritage Trail\n\n\nLouisiana African American Heritage Trail () is a cultural heritage trail with 26 sites designated in 2008 by the state of Louisiana, from New Orleans along the Mississippi River to Baton Rouge and Shreveport, with sites in small towns and plantations also included. In New Orleans several sites are within a walking area. Auto travel is required to reach sites outside the city. A variety of African-American museums devoted to art, history and culture are on the \"trail\", as is the Cane River Creole National Historical Park,", "id": "6088712" }, { "contents": "Delta Blues Museum\n\n\nThe Delta Blues Museum in Clarksdale, Mississippi, United States exists to collect, preserve, and provide public access to and awareness of the blues. Along with holdings of significant blues-related memorabilia, the museum also exhibits and collects art portraying the blues tradition, including works by sculptor Floyd Shaman and photographer Birney Imes. The museum is located in the Yazoo and Mississippi Valley Passenger Depot, also known as Illinois Central Passenger Depot or Clarksdale Passenger Depot, which was built in 1926 and listed on the National Register of Historic Places", "id": "19201111" }, { "contents": "Clarksdale, Mississippi\n\n\nClarksdale is a city in Coahoma County, Mississippi, United States, and seat of the county. The western boundary of the county is formed by the Mississippi River. Located in the Mississippi Delta region, Clarksdale is an agricultural and trading center. It has been home to many blues musicians. Clarksdale is named after John Clark, who founded the city in the mid-19th century. Choctaw and Chickasaw Indians occupied the Delta region prior to the arrival of European settlers. Clarksdale was developed at the former intersection of two Indian routes:", "id": "2119137" }, { "contents": "Education segregation in the Mississippi Delta\n\n\nThe Mississippi Delta region has had the most segregated schools -- and for the longest time—of any part of the United States. As recently as the 2016–2017 school year, East Side High School in Cleveland, Mississippi, was practically all black: 359 of 360 students were African-American. The Delta region of Mississippi is nineteen counties in the northwest of the state, bounded on the west by the Mississippi River and the south by the Yazoo River. It is a poor region of the country's poorest state. In", "id": "13439199" } ]

[ { "contents": "Mississippi Delta National Heritage Area\n\n\nMississippi Delta National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area that seeks to preserve and promote the landscape, culture and history of the Mississippi Delta in the northwestern portion of the U.S. state of Mississippi. The region is famous for blues music and a unique culture that has had broad influence on music and literature, both in the United States and worldwide. The national heritage area comprises Bolivar, Carroll, Coahoma, Desoto, Holmes, Humphreys, Issaquena, Leflore, Panola, Quitman, Sharkey, Tallahatchie, Tate, Tunica", "id": "16296069" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta\n\n\nyears. The land is flat and contains some of the most fertile soil in the world. It is two hundred miles long and seventy miles across at its widest point, encompassing approximately 4,415,000 acres, or, some 7,000 square miles of alluvial floodplain. On the east, it is bounded by bluffs extending beyond the Yazoo River. It includes all or part of the following counties: Washington, Western DeSoto, Humphreys, Carroll, Issaquena, Western Panola, Quitman, Bolivar, Coahoma, Leflore, Sunflower, Sharkey, Tate", "id": "15159893" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta Community College\n\n\nof Mississippi in April 1928. The name was changed to Mississippi Delta Junior College in 1960 and to Mississippi Delta Community College in 1989. The official service area of the college includes Bolivar, Humphreys, Issaquena, Leflore, Sharkey, Sunflower, and Washington counties. Coahoma County was originally in the college's service area, but the Mississippi Legislature removed it effective July 1, 1995, and it is now served by the Coahoma Community College. The main campus is located in Moorhead, Mississippi. Stauffer-Wood Administration Building houses", "id": "21307039" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Gulf Coast National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Mississippi Gulf Coast National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area along the Gulf coast of Mississippi. The designated area comprises six counties recognized for their unique cultural and scenic qualities. The National Heritage Area designation provides a unified marketing and promotional framework for the region. The National Heritage Area comprises Pearl River, Stone, George, Hancock, Harrison and Jackson counties. It includes the Mississippi portion of Gulf Islands National Seashore. The area was devastated by Hurricane Katrina in 2005. Much of the national heritage area's efforts", "id": "16361240" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Hills National Heritage Area\n\n\nMississippi Hills National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the northeastern portion of the U.S. state of Mississippi. The designation commemorates the region's impact on American culture and its role in the American Civil War and the American civil rights movement. The national heritage area designation provides a unified marketing and promotion framework for the area. The national heritage area covers all of Marshall, Benton, Tippah, Alcorn, Tishomingo, Lafayette, Union, Pontotoc, Lee, Itawamba, Calhoun, Chickasaw and Monroe counties, and those", "id": "17388610" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River floods of 2019\n\n\nwith some inundated by 15 feet of water. The Yazoo Backwater Area in the Mississippi Delta north of Vicksburg, Mississippi, experienced both record flood stages and record duration of flooding during the winter, spring, and summer of 2019. Portions of Warren, Issaquena, Sharkey, Yazoo, Humphreys, and Washington Counties were flooded. Almost half of the land area of Issaquena and Sharkey Counties experienced flooding. In late May, flood waters covered over 860 square miles (550,000 acres or 220,000 hectares), including about 390 square miles", "id": "13577492" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta\n\n\n, Tunica, Tallahatchie, Western Holmes, Western Yazoo, Western Grenada and Warren. Lexington is also part of the delta. The shifting river delta at the mouth of the Mississippi on the Gulf Coast lies some 300 miles south of this area, and is referred to as the Mississippi River Delta. The two should not be confused. Chinese began settling in Bolivar County and other Delta counties as plantation workers in the 1870s, though most Delta Chinese families migrated to the state between the 1900s and 1930s. Most Chinese immigrants worked", "id": "15159894" }, { "contents": "George W. Gayles\n\n\n1882, and then again in 1884 and 1886. In the House, he represented the 28th district, which included Bolivar, Coahoma, and Quitman County.In the Senate, he represented the ninth district, including Bolivar, Calhoun, and Sunflower counties. He was also chairman of the Third district Republican Convention in 1886 in Mississippi consisting of Bolivar, Coahoma, Issaquena, Leflore, Sunflower, Sharkey, Tunica, Quitman, Washington, and Warren counties. He was the only black state senator in Mississippi during his terms and", "id": "20783617" }, { "contents": "Coahoma County, Mississippi\n\n\nCoahoma County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 26,151. Its county seat is Clarksdale. The Clarksdale, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area includes all of Coahoma County. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region of Mississippi. Coahoma County was established February 9, 1836, and is located in the northwestern part of the state in the fertile Yazoo Delta region. The name \"Coahoma\" is a Choctaw word meaning \"red panther.\" The act creating the county", "id": "10611425" }, { "contents": "Delta Regional Authority\n\n\nMississippi; Jefferson Davis County, Mississippi; Lawrence County, Mississippi; Leflore County, Mississippi; Lafayette County, Mississippi; Madison County, Mississippi; Marion County, Mississippi; Lincoln County, Mississippi; Montgomery County, Mississippi; Panola County, Mississippi; Marshall County, Mississippi; Quitman County, Mississippi; Rankin County, Mississippi; Pike County, Mississippi; Smith County, Mississippi; Sunflower County, Mississippi; Sharkey County, Mississippi; Simpson County, Mississippi; Tippah County, Mississippi; Tallahatchie County, Mississippi; Tate County", "id": "11170384" }, { "contents": "Delta Regional Authority\n\n\nLouisiana; Winn Parish, Louisiana Mississippi Adams County, Mississippi; Amite County, Mississippi; Attala County, Mississippi; Benton County, Mississippi; Bolivar County, Mississippi; Carroll County, Mississippi; Claiborne County, Mississippi; Coahoma County, Mississippi; Copiah County, Mississippi; Covington County, Mississippi; DeSoto County, Mississippi; Franklin County, Mississippi; Grenada County, Mississippi; Hinds County, Mississippi; Holmes County, Mississippi; Humphreys County, Mississippi; Issaquena County, Mississippi; Jasper County, Mississippi; Jefferson County,", "id": "11170383" }, { "contents": "South Park National Heritage Area\n\n\nSouth Park National Heritage Area is a U.S. National Heritage Area encompassing the South Park of Colorado. Established on March 30, 2009 by the Omnibus Public Land Management Act of 2009 (§7002), the South Park NHA is managed by the Park County, Colorado Office of Tourism to promote and interpret the area's natural, scenic, and cultural resources. The National Heritage Area designation funds promotion of the area's mining, recreation, and ranching heritage. The National Heritage Area covers the majority of Park County, including the", "id": "8157140" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Civil Rights Museum\n\n\n2017, the Mississippi Department of Archives and History brought in Pam Junior as the new museum Director. Junior came from the Smith Robertson Museum and Cultural Center in Jackson, where she had been manager since 1999. Junior is a member of the board of directors for the Mississippi Delta National Heritage Area and Mississippi Book Festival and a co-founder of the Mississippi Black Theater Festival The museum hired Hilferty & Associates to design exhibits for the museum, which were fabricated by Exhibit Concepts. Monadnock Media designed the audio portions of the exhibits", "id": "6914076" }, { "contents": "Leflore County, Mississippi\n\n\nLeflore County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 32,317. The county seat is Greenwood. The county is named for Choctaw leader Greenwood LeFlore, who signed a treaty to cede his people's land to the United States in exchange for land in Indian Territory. LeFlore stayed in Mississippi, settling on land reserved for him in Tallahatchie County. Leflore County is part of the Greenwood, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region, with", "id": "10611085" }, { "contents": "Tallahatchie County, Mississippi\n\n\nTallahatchie County is a county in the U.S. state of Mississippi. At the 2010 census, the population was 15,378. Its county seats are Charleston and Sumner. Tallahatchie County is located in the Mississippi Delta region, divided by the Tallahatchie River which runs from north to south through the county before joining what becomes the Yazoo River in LeFlore County. The county was founded on December 31, 1833 after most of the Choctaw Nation was forced out under Indian Removal. Tallahatchie is a Choctaw name meaning \"rock of waters\". The", "id": "10555589" }, { "contents": "National Coal Heritage Area\n\n\nThe National Coal Heritage Area (NCHA) is a federally designated region of thirteen counties in West Virginia that were the source of \"smokeless\" bituminous coal through much of the 20th century. The National Heritage Area recognizes the area's cultural and historic qualities and serves to promote tourism, historic preservation and economic development in the region. The idea of the NCHA was first proposed in the early 1990s by Congressman Nick Rahall, and was established on November 12, 1996 by the 1996 Omnibus Parks and Public Lands Management Act. The", "id": "8963174" }, { "contents": "Muscle Shoals National Heritage Area\n\n\nMuscle Shoals National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the northwestern portion of the U.S. state of Alabama. It is centered on the portion of the Tennessee River around Muscle Shoals and interprets the region's history and culture. Muscle Shoals National Heritage Area comprises Lauderdale, Limestone, Colbert, Franklin, Lawrence and Morgan counties. Significant features of the heritage area include Wheeler Dam, Wilson Dam, Ivy Green, Rosenbaum House, Barton Hall and the northern end of the Natchez Trace. Muscle Shoals National Heritage Area was", "id": "16977602" }, { "contents": "Deer Creek (Mississippi)\n\n\nDeer Creek (also Issaquena Creek or Lower Deer Creek) is a creek in the U.S. state of Mississippi. Its source is Lake Bolivar, in Scott, Bolivar County, Mississippi. As Deer Creek flows south through the Mississippi Delta, it passes through the following counties: Bolivar, Washington, Sharkey, Issaquena, and Warren; and through the following communities: Metcalfe, Stoneville, Leland, Burdett, Arcola, Hollandale, Panther Burn, Nitta Yuma, Anguilla, Rolling Fork, Cary, Onward, and Valley Park.", "id": "1520113" }, { "contents": "Money, Mississippi\n\n\nMoney is an unincorporated Mississippi Delta community near Greenwood in Leflore County, Mississippi, United States. It has fewer than 100 residents, down from 400 in the early 1950s when a cotton mill operated there. Money is located on a railroad line along the Tallahatchie River, a tributary of the Yazoo River in the eastern part of the Mississippi Delta. The community has ZIP code 38945 in the Greenwood, Mississippi micropolitan area. Money is the site of the 1955 lynching of 14-year-old Emmett Till by white men, an event", "id": "15040548" }, { "contents": "Sharkey County, Mississippi\n\n\nSharkey County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. Part of the western border is formed by the Yazoo River. According to the 2010 census, the population was 4,916, making it the second-least populous county in Mississippi. Its county seat is Rolling Fork. The county is named after William L. Sharkey, the provisional Governor of Mississippi in 1865. Sharkey County is located in the Mississippi Delta region. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of , of which is land", "id": "10555635" }, { "contents": "Oil Region National Heritage Area\n\n\nOil Region National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the northwestern portion of the U.S. state of Pennsylvania. The national heritage area commemorates and promotes the region surrounding Edwin Drake's oil well of 1859 near Titusville, which gave rise to the modern oil industry. The national heritage area includes all of Venango County and a portion of Crawford County, including Titusville and Oil Creek Township The Oil Region National Heritage Area was established by Public Law 108-447 in 2004. It is administered by the Oil Region Alliance.", "id": "17389123" }, { "contents": "Delta National Forest\n\n\nDelta National Forest is a U.S. National Forest in western Mississippi, located in Sharkey County, and has an area of . Delta is operated as the Sunflower Wildlife Management Area. The forest is headquartered in Jackson, as are all six National Forests in Mississippi, but Delta Ranger District office is located in Rolling Fork. It is one of only six National Forests that are contained entirely within a single county and the only bottomland hardwood forest in the National Forest system. The Green Ash-Overcup Oak-Sweetgum Research Natural Areas within", "id": "3631940" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\ninfluences in the Mississippi River Delta. They continue to shape preferences of food, music, and art, as well as to maintain the unique identities existing in the southernmost parts of the region. Both cultures speak a form of French; but they are considered to be autonomous and distinct dialects. From 1910–1920, New Orleans became the birthplace of jazz and since has continued its legacy of being home to budding musicians and new musical experiences, tying music directly to its unique culture and diverse heritage. The origins of jazz and blues", "id": "16619580" }, { "contents": "Journey Through Hallowed Ground National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Journey Through Hallowed Ground National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in portions of Pennsylvania, West Virginia, Maryland and Virginia, in the eastern United States. The Journey Through Hallowed Ground National Heritage Area was established on May 8, 2008 by Public Law 110-229, the Consolidated Natural Resources Act of 2008.The designation provides a framework for the promotion and interpretation of the area's cultural and historic character, with particular emphasis on the region's role in the American Civil War, and the preservation of the natural", "id": "13516660" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta\n\n\nThe Mississippi Delta, also known as the Yazoo-Mississippi Delta, is the distinctive northwest section of the U.S. state of Mississippi (and portions of Arkansas and Louisiana) which lies between the Mississippi and Yazoo Rivers. The region has been called \"The Most Southern Place on Earth\" (\"Southern\" in the sense of \"characteristic of its region, the American South\"), because of its unique racial, cultural, and economic history. It is long and across at its widest point, encompassing about , or", "id": "15159888" }, { "contents": "Freedom's Way National Heritage Area\n\n\nFreedom's Way National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing portions of northern Massachusetts and southern New Hampshire. The heritage area includes sites significant to the American Revolution, cultural sites associated with Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau, and Native American sites. The heritage area seeks to preserve the region's landscape and historic structures. The National Heritage Area includes Minute Man National Historical Park, portions of Middlesex and Worcester counties in Massachusetts, and portions of Hillsborough County, New Hampshire, an area including a total of", "id": "14966358" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta\n\n\nside of the Mississippi River, another area of high poverty). The 1990s state legalization of casino gambling in Mississippi has boosted the Delta's economy, particularly in the areas of Tunica and Vicksburg. A large cultural influence in the region is its history of hunting and fishing. Hunting in the Delta is primarily for game such as whitetail deer, wild turkey, and waterfowl, along with many small game species (squirrel, rabbit, dove, quail, raccoon, etc.) For many years, the hunting and fishing", "id": "15159912" }, { "contents": "Baltimore National Heritage Area\n\n\nBaltimore National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing portions of Baltimore, Maryland, USA. The designated area includes the central portion of the city, waterfront, inner neighborhoods and portions of the city's park system. The district includes Fort McHenry and the Inner Harbor, as well as portions of the Charles Street, Falls Road, National Historic Seaport and Star Spangled Banner Maryland Scenic Byways. The Baltimore National Heritage Area was established on March 30, 2009 by the Omnibus Public Land Management Act of 2009 (§", "id": "8582841" }, { "contents": "B.B. King Museum\n\n\nThe B.B. King Museum and Delta Interpretive Center is a Delta blues museum with the mission to \"empower, unite and heal through music, art and education and share with the world the rich cultural heritage of the Mississippi Delta.\" The museum, named for blues legend, B.B. King, is located in his hometown of Indianola, Mississippi, in the United States. The B.B. King Museum and Delta Interpretive Center opened in Indianola Mississippi on September 13, 2008. The museum features a restored brick cotton gin building in which B.B.", "id": "17262603" }, { "contents": "Louise, Mississippi\n\n\nLouise is a town in Humphreys County, Mississippi. The population was 199 at the 2010 census, down from 315 at the 2000 census. Louise is located in southern Humphreys County at (32.981549, -90.591624), along Silver Creek in the Mississippi Delta region. Mississippi Highway 149 passes just east of the town, leading north to U.S. Route 49W at Silver City and south via Mississippi Highway 16 to Yazoo City. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town of Louise has a total area of , all land.", "id": "2222822" }, { "contents": "Arkansas Delta\n\n\nblues and gospel traditions. The East Central Delta area has produced a small number of talented and influential R&B artists. Arkansas's blues Influence, shares a rich heritage with Mississippi and Memphis, Tennessee. Arkansas was home to numerous blues masters, who are held in high esteem by newer generations learning blues history. Arkansas blues artists influenced decades of pop culture music by such artists as Muddy Waters, Little Milton, B.B. King, Eric Clapton, Jeff Beck, Joe Bonamassa, Stevie Ray Vaughan, George Harrison and the Rolling Stones", "id": "6558115" }, { "contents": "Cruger, Mississippi\n\n\nCruger is a town in Holmes County, Mississippi, United States. The population was 386 at the 2010 census, down from 449 at the 2000 census. Cruger is in the northwest corner of Holmes County, in the Mississippi Delta region along U.S. Route 49E. Greenwood is north of Cruger via US 49E, and Yazoo City is to the south. According to the United States Census Bureau, Cruger has a total area of , all land. As of the census of 2000, there were 449 people, 161 households, and", "id": "2222747" }, { "contents": "Carroll County, Mississippi\n\n\nCarroll County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 10,597. Its county seats are Carollton and Vaiden. The county is named for Charles Carroll of Carrollton, the last surviving signatory of the U.S. Declaration of Independence. Carroll County is part of the Greenwood, Micropolitan Statistical Area. Bordered by the Yazoo River on the west and the Big Black River to the east, it is considered within the Mississippi Delta region. Most of its land is in the hill country", "id": "10611479" }, { "contents": "Minter City, Mississippi\n\n\nMinter City is an unincorporated community located in Leflore County and in Tallahatchie County, Mississippi. It is part of the Greenwood, Mississippi micropolitan area, and is within the Mississippi Delta. Mississippi Highway 8 intersects U.S. Route 49E southwest of Minter City, and the Tallahatchie River flows to the east. There is a post office located on U.S. Route 49E, with a ZIP code of 38944. Variant names for the original settlement were \"Walnut Place Landing\" and \"Minter City Landing\". Spanish explorer Hernando de Soto may have", "id": "12467995" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta AVA\n\n\nThe Mississippi Delta AVA is an American Viticultural Area on the left (east) bank of the Mississippi River, between Memphis, Tennessee, and Vicksburg, Mississippi. It includes portions of the Mississippi Delta and the watershed of the lower Mississippi River in the U.S. states of Louisiana (west bank), Mississippi, and Tennessee. Since the creation of the AVA in 1984, there has been very little viticulture in the Mississippi Delta region. Mississippi State University established an enology laboratory to research grape cultivation in the area, but little", "id": "16585963" }, { "contents": "Greenwood, Mississippi\n\n\nGreenwood is a city in and the county seat of Leflore County, Mississippi, located at the eastern edge of the Mississippi Delta, approximately 96 miles north of the state capital, Jackson, Mississippi, and 130 miles south of the riverport of Memphis, Tennessee. It was a center of cotton planter culture in the 19th century. The population was 16,087 at the 2010 census. It is the principal city of the Greenwood Micropolitan Statistical Area. Greenwood developed at the confluence of the Tallahatchie and the Yalobusha rivers, which form the", "id": "3378194" }, { "contents": "Bolivar County, Mississippi\n\n\nBolivar County ( ) is a county located on the western border of the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 34,145. Its county seats are Rosedale and Cleveland. The county is named in honor of Simón Bolívar, early 19th-century leader of the liberation of several South American colonies from Spain. The Cleveland, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area includes all of Bolivar County. It is located in the Mississippi Delta, or Yazoo Basin, of Mississippi. This area was first developed for cotton plantations", "id": "10611493" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nmusic in the region is closely connected to the Mississippi River and the delta, as the location allowed for an influx of cultural influences, including blues and bluegrass music from upriver, to the African and Latin folk hymns and music from the Caribbean islands. The delta is still synonymous with the sounds of jazz, funk and zydeco and remains to be an important cultural hub for new sounds and music, bringing thousands to the area every year to experience the lifestyle and participate in the natural rhythms of the area. The region is", "id": "16619581" }, { "contents": "Essex National Heritage Commission\n\n\nThe Essex National Heritage Commission (ENHC) is a non-profit organization charted to oversee the Essex National Heritage Area, a National Heritage Area composed of all of Essex County, Massachusetts. The commission promotes the cultural heritage with public and private partnerships and with the National Park Service by developing programs that enhance, preserve and encourage regional awareness of the area's unique historic, cultural and natural resources. The commission is based in Salem. The organization has sponsored a number of events and programs that celebrate the region’s history,", "id": "16440799" }, { "contents": "Blue Ridge National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Blue Ridge National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing the twenty-five westernmost counties of North Carolina, which are associated with the Blue Ridge Mountains. The designation provides a framework for the promotion and interpretation of the area's cultural and historic character, and the preservation of the natural and built environment. The National Heritage Area includes the North Carolina portions of Great Smoky Mountains National Park and the Blue Ridge Parkway. Other attractions include Mount Mitchell in Pisgah National Forest, Nantahala National Forest and the North Carolina", "id": "9719864" }, { "contents": "Poverty Point\n\n\nPoverty Point State Historic Site (; 16 WC 5) is a prehistoric earthwork constructed by the Poverty Point culture. The Poverty Point site is located in present-day northeastern Louisiana though evidence of the Poverty Point culture extends throughout much of the Southeastern United States. The culture extended across the Mississippi Delta and south to the Gulf Coast. The Poverty Point site has been designated as a U.S. National Monument, a U.S. National Historic Landmark, and UNESCO World Heritage Site. Located in the Southern United States, the site is from the", "id": "10100047" }, { "contents": "Geography of Arkansas\n\n\nState Park, Delta Heritage Trail State Park, Felsenthal National Wildlife Refuge, Lake Chicot State Park, Mississippi River State Park, Overflow National Wildlife Refuge and White River National Wildlife Refuge. The flat topography and fertile soils of Southeast Arkansas have been important to the region throughout its history, first to the Native American that inhabited the region. This history is available today at museums like the Pine Bluff/Jefferson County Historical Museum. The area was one of the first explored and settled in Arkansas; including the territorial capital at Arkansas", "id": "17334085" }, { "contents": "Tchula, Mississippi\n\n\nhad vanished, partly due to increased use of machines in agriculture. Many businesses formerly in the town had disappeared. Tchula is in western Holmes County along Tchula Lake, an old river channel in the Mississippi Delta region of the state. U.S. Route 49E passes through the center of town, leading north to Greenwood and southwest to Yazoo. Mississippi Highway 12 leads southeast from Tchula to Lexington, the Holmes County seat. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of , of which , or 2.31", "id": "2222794" }, { "contents": "Freedom's Frontier National Heritage Area\n\n\nFreedom's Frontier National Heritage Area, Inc. (FFNHA) is a federally designated U.S. National Heritage Area located in eastern Kansas and Western Missouri. This heritage area preserves, conserves, and interprets historic and cultural landscapes pertaining to: the shaping of the frontier, the Missouri-Kansas Border War, and the enduring struggle for freedom. FFNHA was authorized on October 12, 2006, with the passage of the National Heritage Areas Act of 2006. The management plan for the heritage area was approved by the Board of Trustees on June", "id": "353294" }, { "contents": "Sunflower County, Mississippi\n\n\nSunflower County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 29,450. Its largest city and county seat is Indianola. Sunflower County comprises the Indianola, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is included in the Cleveland-Indianola, MS Combined Statistical Area. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region. Sunflower Country was created in 1844. The land mass encompassed most of Sunflower and Leflore Counties as we know them today. The first seat of government was Clayton, located near", "id": "10555603" }, { "contents": "Atchafalaya National Heritage Area\n\n\nAtchafalaya National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing parts of fourteen parishes along the Atchafalaya River in the U.S. State of Louisiana. The heritage area extends the length of the Atchafalaya Basin from the area of Ferriday in the north to the river's mouth beyond Morgan City. The National Heritage Area is divided into four regions: Upper, Between 2 Rivers, Bayou Teche Corridor and the Coastal Zone. The designation provides a framework for the promotion and interpretation of the area's cultural and historic character, and the preservation", "id": "9171577" }, { "contents": "Niagara Falls National Heritage Area\n\n\nNiagara Falls National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing the Niagara Falls region of the U.S. State of New York. The heritage area includes the communities of Niagara Falls, Youngstown and Lewiston. The designation provides a framework for the promotion and interpretation of the area's cultural and historic character, and the preservation of the natural and built environment. The heritage area designation recognizes the area's importance to Native Americans, to early European explorers of America, the American Revolution, the War of 1812 and the area's", "id": "9115304" }, { "contents": "Warren County, Mississippi\n\n\nWarren County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 48,773. Its county seat is Vicksburg. Created by legislative act of 22 December 1809, Warren County is named for American Revolutionary War officer Joseph Warren. Part of the Mississippi Delta and the historic cotton culture, Warren County is included in the Vicksburg, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Jackson-Vicksburg-Brookhaven, MS Combined Statistical Area. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the", "id": "10555530" }, { "contents": "Greenwood, Mississippi micropolitan area\n\n\nThe Greenwood Micropolitan Statistical Area is a micropolitan area in the northwestern Delta region of Mississippi that covers two counties - Leflore and Carroll. As of the 2000 census, the μSA had a population of 48,716 (though a July 1, 2009 estimate placed the population at 44,841). As of the census of 2000, there were 48,716 people, 17,027 households, and 11,956 families residing within the μSA. The racial makeup of the μSA was 37.22% White, 60.85% African American, 0.10% Native American, 0.54% Asian", "id": "8919330" }, { "contents": "James Thomas (blues musician)\n\n\n\". In 1985, his work was featured in the prestigious Corcoran Gallery in Washington, D.C., where he was introduced to Nancy Reagan, then the First Lady. Thomas's skulls are on display in the Delta Blues Museum, in Clarksdale, Mississippi, and the Highway 61 Blues Museum, in Leland, Mississippi. Thomas played at numerous blues festivals and private parties throughout the area, including the Mississippi Delta Blues and Heritage Festival in Greenville. In the 1970s, Eddie Cusic performed with Thomas at regular engagements. Together they", "id": "17330513" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nand is an important coastal region for the United States, containing more than of coastal wetlands and 37% of the estuarine marsh in the conterminous U.S. The coastal area is the nation's largest drainage basin and drains about 41% of the contiguous United States into the Gulf of Mexico at an average rate of . The modern Mississippi River Delta formed over the last approximately 4,500 years as the Mississippi River deposited sand, clay and silt along its banks and in adjacent basins. The Mississippi River Delta is a river-dominated delta system", "id": "16619564" }, { "contents": "Arabia Mountain National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Arabia Mountain National Heritage Area is a National Heritage Area in the U.S. state of Georgia that encompasses natural, cultural, and historical elements to form a cohesive, nationally significant environment. The area is due east of Atlanta and spans reaching from the historic commercial center of Lithonia to the Monastery of the Holy Spirit in Conyers, including a number of sites in between, including Panola Mountain State Park, Davidson-Arabia Mountain Nature Preserve, the Mall at Stonecrest, and more. The Heritage Area was established in 2006, and", "id": "352970" }, { "contents": "Sangre de Cristo National Heritage Area\n\n\nSangre de Cristo National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the south central portion of the U.S. state of Colorado. The heritage area includes the San Luis Valley and portions of the Sangre de Cristo Range. The region combines influences of Anglo-American, Hispano-American and Native American influences. It also includes portions of the upper Rio Grande valley. The national heritage area includes Alamosa, Costilla, and Conejos counties, and portions of Saguache and Rio Grande counties. It also includes within its boundaries Great Sand", "id": "17389640" }, { "contents": "Delta State–Mississippi College football rivalry\n\n\nThe Delta State–Mississippi College football rivalry, commonly known as the Heritage Bell Classic, is a college football rivalry game between a public university and a private Christian college in the U.S. state of Mississippi, the Delta State University Statesmen and the Mississippi College Choctaws. The current winner is Delta State, who won, 28–21, on November 10, 2018. Delta State leads the all-time series, 22–15–2. The Delta State Statesmen were co-founding members of the Gulf South Conference in 1970. Mississippi College joined the", "id": "15797675" }, { "contents": "Delta blues\n\n\nDelta blues is one of the earliest-known styles of blues music. It originated in the Mississippi Delta, a region of the U.S. stretching from Memphis, Tennessee, in the north to Vicksburg, Mississippi, in the south and from Helena, Arkansas, in the west to the Yazoo River in the east. The Mississippi Delta is famous for its fertile soil and for its poverty. Delta blues is regarded as a regional variant of country blues. Guitar and harmonica are its dominant instruments; slide guitar is a hallmark of", "id": "7794018" }, { "contents": "Arkansas Delta\n\n\na decline. Charles Bowden of \"National Geographic\" wrote, \"By 1970 the sharecropping world was already disappearing, and the landscape of today—huge fields, giant machines, battered towns, few people—beginning to emerge.\" The Arkansas Delta is known for its rich musical heritage. While defined primarily by its deep blues/gospel roots, it is distinguished somewhat from its Mississippi Delta counterpart by more intricately interwoven country music and R&B elements. Arkansas blues musicians have defined every genre of blues from its inception, including", "id": "6558110" }, { "contents": "Greenwood High School (Mississippi)\n\n\nGreenwood High School is a public high school located in Greenwood, Leflore County, in the U.S. state of Mississippi. The school is part of the Greenwood Public School District. Greenwood, Mississippi, is a town of slightly over 15,000 residents located on the banks of the Yazoo River about south of Memphis, Tennessee, and about north of Jackson, Mississippi. The city and county are named after Greenwood Leflore, the designated leader of the Choctaw nation who ceded Mississippi land under pressure of the 1830 Indian Removal Act to the United", "id": "4541464" }, { "contents": "Upper Housatonic Valley National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Upper Housatonic Valley National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the U.S. states of Connecticut and Massachusetts. The heritage area interprets and promotes the historical, cultural and scenic features of the upper Housatonic River valley in the western part of both states. The heritage area focuses on five themes: the area's role as a resort for writers, artists, actors and musicians, the scenic landscape, the area's role in industry, the American Revolutionary War, and the social and religious groups associated with the area", "id": "17597179" }, { "contents": "National Heritage Area\n\n\nA National Heritage Area is a site designated by United States and intended to encourage historic preservation of the area and an appreciation of the history and heritage of the site. There are currently 55 National Heritage Areas, some of which use variations of the title, such as National Heritage Corridor. National Heritage Areas (NHAs) are not National Park Service units or federally owned or managed land. NHAs are administered by state governments or non-profit organizations or other private corporations, referred to as \"local coordinating entities\". The", "id": "2301876" }, { "contents": "Lackawanna Heritage Valley National and State Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Lackawanna Heritage Valley National and State Heritage Area is a state and federally designated National Heritage Area in northeastern Pennsylvania. It was initially established in 1991 as the first State Heritage Park in Pennsylvania, and was additionally designated a National Heritage Area in 2000. The designations recognize the area's heritage of industry, architecture, history and natural resources, and provide a framework for development and promotion of these features. The Lackawanna Heritage Valley National and State Heritage Area is managed by the Lackawanna Heritage Valley Authority, or LHVA. The National", "id": "16220344" }, { "contents": "Kenai Mountains – Turnagain Arm National Heritage Area\n\n\nKenai Mountains – Turnagain Arm National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the U.S. state of Alaska. The heritage area extends across the northern part of the Kenai Peninsula, immediately to the north and east of Kenai Fjords National Park. The designation recognizes the area's unique cultural, scenic and historical features and provides a unified organization for promotion of the area's attractions. The Kenai Mountains – Turnagain Arm National Heritage Area (KMTA) includes the road corridor between Seward and Hope and Whittier, from Resurrection Bay in", "id": "16167272" }, { "contents": "Mayersville, Mississippi\n\n\nMayersville is a town on the east bank of the Mississippi River, and the county seat for Issaquena County, Mississippi, United States. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region, known for cotton cultivation in the antebellum era. Once the trading center for the county, the town was superseded when railroads were built into the area. The population of the majority-black town was 547 at the 2010 census, down from 795 at the 2000 census. Native Americans had lived in this area since prehistoric times. The Mayersville", "id": "2222833" }, { "contents": "Crenshaw, Mississippi\n\n\nCrenshaw is a town in Panola and Quitman counties in the U.S. state of Mississippi. The population was 916 at the 2000 census. Crenshaw is located at (34.502661, -90.195841). Most of the town is in Panola County with a small portion on the west side in Quitman County. In the 2000 census, 697 of the town's 916 residents (76.1%) lived in Panola County and 219 (23.9%) in Quitman County. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of", "id": "17931693" }, { "contents": "Panola County, Mississippi\n\n\nPanola County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 34,707. Its county seats are Sardis and Batesville. Panola is the anglicization of \"ponolo\", a word meaning thread in both old Choctaw and Chickasaw and cotton in modern Choctaw. The county is located just east of the Mississippi Delta and bisected by the Tallahatchie River flowing to the southwest, separating the two county seats. Panola County was established February 9, 1836, and is one of the twelve large", "id": "10555705" }, { "contents": "MotorCities National Heritage Area\n\n\nMotorCities National Heritage Area or Motor Cities National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area that commemorates and promotes the automobile industry in Metro Detroit, with portions of 16 counties in southern Michigan, United States. The scope of the heritage area includes sites and events relating to the motor industry as well as the industry's impact on labor, society and the environment. The heritage area comprises more than 1200 automotive-related sites, including the Henry Ford Museum, Fair Lane, various Ford plants, the Automotive Hall of Fame", "id": "16976479" }, { "contents": "Great Basin National Heritage Area\n\n\nGreat Basin National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in Nevada and Utah, including White Pine County, Nevada and Millard County, Utah. The area was designated to recognize and promote the scenic and cultural resources associated with this central portion of the Great Basin. The National Heritage Area includes Great Basin National Park and portions of Humboldt-Toiyabe and Fishlake National Forests, as well as Fort Deseret, Sevier Lake and the Topaz War Relocation Center. Great Basin National Heritage Area was designated on October 13, 2006.", "id": "15909144" }, { "contents": "Crowder, Mississippi\n\n\nCrowder is a town in Panola and Quitman counties in the state of Mississippi. The population was 766 at the 2000 census. Most of Crowder is in Quitman County with a portion on the east in adjacent Panola County. In the 2000 census, 462 of the town's 766 residents (60.3%) lived in Quitman County and 304 (39.7%) in Panola County. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 0.4 square miles (1.2 km², all land. As of the", "id": "17931698" }, { "contents": "Rivers of Steel National Heritage Area\n\n\nRivers of Steel National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in southwestern Pennsylvania, centered on Pittsburgh and oriented around the interpretation and promotion of the region's steel-making heritage. The area roughly covers the valleys of the Ohio, Monongahela and lower Allegheny rivers. Major interpretive locations include the Carrie Furnace, Pinkerton's Landing Bridge and other features of the Homestead Steel Works. The national heritage area comprises Allegheny, Armstrong, Beaver, Butler, Greene, Fayette, Washington and Westmoreland counties. Rivers of Steel National Heritage", "id": "17389345" }, { "contents": "Crowley's Ridge Parkway\n\n\nroute which allowed the traveler to experience the Southern heritage of the area. The National Scenic Byway designation came the following year, with an extension into Missouri in 2000. The majority of the route is in Arkansas, and the parkway begins in Phillips County, Arkansas, in Helena-West Helena very near the Helena Bridge over the Mississippi River. Beginning at US Route 49 (US 49) and running north with US 49 Business (US 49B), the route passes historic properties including the Delta Cultural Center, the Jerome", "id": "1149985" }, { "contents": "Issaquena County, Mississippi\n\n\nIssaquena County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 1,406, making it the least populous county in the United States east of the Mississippi River. Its county seat is Mayersville. With a per-capita income of $18,598, Issaquena County is the poorest county in the United States. Issaquena County is located in the Mississippi Delta region. The Mississippi River flows along the entire western boundary of the county, and many of the earliest communities were river ports.", "id": "10611264" }, { "contents": "Delta Regional Authority\n\n\n, Mississippi; Tunica County, Mississippi; Union County, Mississippi; Walthall County, Mississippi; Warren County, Mississippi; Washington County, Mississippi; Wilkinson County, Mississippi; Yalobusha County, Mississippi; Yazoo County, Mississippi Missouri Bollinger County, Missouri; Butler County, Missouri; Cape Girardeau County, Missouri; Carter County, Missouri; Crawford County, Missouri; Dent County, Missouri; Douglas County, Missouri; Dunklin County, Missouri; Howell County, Missouri; Iron County, Missouri; Madison County, Missouri; Mississippi", "id": "11170385" }, { "contents": "Tunica County, Mississippi\n\n\nTunica County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 10,778. Its county seat is Tunica. The county is named for the Tunica Native Americans. Most migrated to central Louisiana during the colonial period. Tunica County is part of the Memphis, TN-MS-AR Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region. Since the late 20th century, it is known for Tunica Resorts (formerly Robinsonville), an unincorporated community that is the site", "id": "10555567" }, { "contents": "Emmett Till\n\n\nin the Mississippi Delta are memorialized as associated with Till. Emmett Till was born in 1941 in Chicago; he was the son of Mamie Carthan (1921–2003) and Louis Till (1922–1945). Emmett's mother Mamie was born in the small Delta town of Webb, Mississippi. The Delta region encompasses the large, multi-county area of northwestern Mississippi in the watershed of the Yazoo and Mississippi rivers. When Carthan was two years old, her family moved to Argo, Illinois, as part of the Great Migration of rural", "id": "2570054" }, { "contents": "History of New Orleans\n\n\nUnion during the Civil War. With its rich and unique cultural and architectural heritage, it remains a major destination for tourism, conventions, and major sports events, even after the major destruction and loss of life resulting from Hurricane Katrina in 2005. The land mass that was to become the city of New Orleans was formed around 2200 BC when the Mississippi River deposited silt creating the delta region. Before Europeans founded the settlement, the area was inhabited by Native Americans for about 1300 years. The Mississippian culture peoples built mounds and", "id": "3084005" }, { "contents": "B.B. King Museum\n\n\nKing worked in the 1940s. The museum also contains an extensive collection of artifacts owned by King and displays exhibits about his life and the lives of other musicians of the delta region and the culture where the blues arose. The museum commemorates the famous blues artist, B.B King, who was from the Mississippi Delta. The museum has multiple exhibits highlighting King's Delta Blue music. Exhibits include interactive exhibits, King memorabilia, and stories. The museum seeks to help preserve Delta Blues and its culture by promoting its importance. In", "id": "17262604" }, { "contents": "Missouri Bootheel\n\n\nwrites: Given the population in the area, even a moderately sized earthquake would be disastrous. The Bootheel (pronounced Boothill in the region) is on the edge of the Mississippi Delta culture that produced the Delta blues. Its relatively large black population makes it distinct from the rest of rural Missouri. The area has a unique rural black culture reflected in its music, churches and other traditions. The black population ranges from about 26% in Pemiscot County, to 15% in New Madrid County, and about 9% in", "id": "12618286" }, { "contents": "Moorhead, Mississippi\n\n\nMoorhead is a city in Sunflower County, Mississippi. As of the 2000 census, the city population was 2,573. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of , of which is land and 0.77% is water. Moorhead is along U.S. Route 82, east of Indianola. Moorhead is located at the intersection of the Southern and Yazoo Delta railroads. This is the origin of the legendary blues crossroads phrase \"where the Southern cross the Dog\". As of the 2010 United States Census,", "id": "2223816" }, { "contents": "Blanche Bruce\n\n\nsteamboat porter on the Mississippi River. In 1864, he moved to Hannibal, Missouri, where he established a school for black children. In 1868, during Reconstruction, Bruce relocated to Bolivar near Cleveland in northwestern Mississippi, at which he purchased a Mississippi Delta plantation. He became a wealthy landowner of several thousand acres in the Mississippi Delta. He was appointed to the positions of Tallahatchie County registrar of voters and tax assessor before he won an election for sheriff in Bolivar County. He later was elected to other county positions,", "id": "13640962" }, { "contents": "Delta, Mississippi\n\n\nDelta is a ghost town in Coahoma County, Mississippi, United States. Once a thriving port on the Mississippi River, Delta today is covered by farmland and a portion of the Mississippi Levee. Nothing remains of the original settlement. The county seat was moved from Port Royal to Delta in 1842. In 1844, Delta was surveyed and laid off into lots. The town had a population of about 700, and was a busy steamboat port. Delta incorporated in 1848. That same year, the river flooded the town,", "id": "8584565" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nbenefits that are unique to the region. These vital resources are at constant risk of being lost with the continual land loss and the decreasing size of the natural coastal area. The Mississippi River Delta has a strong economy which relies heavily on tourism and recreational activities such as fishing, hunting and wildlife watching as well as commercial fishing, oil, gas, and shipping industries. There are a number of major industries in the Mississippi River Delta that drive the local and national economy, including: In total, the five Gulf Coast", "id": "16619584" }, { "contents": "Holmes County, Mississippi\n\n\nHolmes County is a county in the U.S. state of Mississippi; its western border is formed by the Yazoo River and the eastern border by the Big Black River. The western part of the county is within the Yazoo-Mississippi Delta. As of the 2010 census, the population was 19,198. Its county seat is Lexington. The county is named in honor of David Holmes, territorial governor and the first governor of the state of Mississippi and later United States Senator for Mississippi. A favorite son, Edmond Favor Noel, was", "id": "10611282" }, { "contents": "Greenville, Mississippi\n\n\nGreenville is a city in, and the county seat of, Washington County, Mississippi, United States. The population was 34,400 at the 2010 census. It is located in the area of historic cotton plantations and culture known as the Mississippi Delta. This area was occupied by indigenous peoples for thousands of years. When the French explored here, they encountered the historic Natchez people. As part of their colony known as \"La Louisiane\", the French established a settlement at what became Natchez, Mississippi. Other Native American tribes", "id": "2224007" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nartery. In addition to shipping, local and commercial fisheries continued to expand. The discovery of vast oil and gas deposits brought further economic and environmental changes to the delta. Despite these profound changes, the delta today remains very much rooted in the vibrant cultural and social traditions of its residents. The Mississippi River Delta is home to more than two million people. The location of the delta at the mouth of the Mississippi River allowed for the area to be a cultural gateway into the United States, and influenced the mix of", "id": "16619576" }, { "contents": "Essex Heritage\n\n\nEssex Heritage is a non-profit organization charted to promote the cultural heritage of Essex County in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. Working with both public and private partnerships and with the National Park Service, the group supports and develops programs that enhance, preserve and encourage regional awareness of the area’s unique historic, cultural and natural resources. Headquartered in Salem, Massachusetts, the Commission services the 34 communities of Essex County. It has been recognized by the United States Congress in recognition of the important role that this region played in American", "id": "16609234" }, { "contents": "Washington County, Mississippi\n\n\nWashington County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 51,137. Its county seat is Greenville. The county is named in honor of the first President of the United States, George Washington. The Greenville, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area includes all of Washington County. It is located in the Mississippi Delta. Located in the Mississippi Delta, Washington County was first developed for cotton cultivation in the antebellum years. Most plantations were developed to have access to the rivers, which", "id": "10555522" }, { "contents": "Mississippi\n\n\nIsland. The northwest remainder of the state consists of the Mississippi Delta, a section of the Mississippi Alluvial Plain. The plain is narrow in the south and widens north of Vicksburg. The region has rich soil, partly made up of silt which had been regularly deposited by the flood waters of the Mississippi River. Areas under the management of the National Park Service include: Mississippi City Population Rankings of at least 50,000 (United States Census Bureau as of 2017): Mississippi City Population Rankings of at least 20,000 but fewer than", "id": "21293458" }, { "contents": "Belzoni, Mississippi\n\n\nBelzoni ( ) is a city in Humphreys County, Mississippi, in the Mississippi Delta region, on the Yazoo River. The population was 2,235 at the 2010 census. It is the county seat of Humphreys County. It was named for the 19th-century Italian archaeologist/explorer Giovanni Battista Belzoni. The area was named Farm-Raised Catfish Capital of the World in 1976 by then Governor Cliff Finch, since it produces more farm-raised catfish than any other U.S. county. About of the county are under water in ponds", "id": "2222804" }, { "contents": "2011 Mississippi River floods\n\n\nfrom Vicksburg was cut off for more than two weeks. U.S. Highway 61 between Vicksburg and Port Gibson was closed by backwater flooding along the Big Black River on May 12; it reopened June 1. Another portion of U.S. Highway 61 near Redwood was closed by backwater flooding along the Yazoo River on May 13 and was closed until June 3. In anticipation of major flooding, the U.S. federal government declared 14 counties along the Mississippi River, the Thames River: Adams, Bolivar, Claiborne, Coahoma, DeSoto, Humphreys, Issaquena", "id": "8214155" }, { "contents": "Memphis, Tennessee\n\n\nother places in the world could offer cheaper labor, and the workforce was undereducated for today's challenges. The Memphis Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA), the 42nd largest in the United States, has a 2010 population of 1,316,100 and includes the Tennessee counties of Shelby, Tipton and Fayette; as well as the northern Mississippi counties of DeSoto, Marshall, Tate, and Tunica; and Crittenden County, Arkansas, all part of the Mississippi Delta. The total metropolitan area has a higher proportion of whites and a higher per capita", "id": "4225772" }, { "contents": "Northern Plains National Heritage Area\n\n\nNorthern Plains National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area along an length of the Missouri River in central North Dakota. The heritage area promotes and interprets the scenic, cultural and historic heritage of the region. It extends from Knife River Indian Villages National Historic Site to Huff Indian Village State Historic Site The area interprets the history of the Three Affiliated Tribes, the passage of the Lewis and Clark Expedition, the fur trade, steamboats on the Missouri and Fort Abraham Lincoln. It also interprets the area's association with the", "id": "17044952" }, { "contents": "Tornado outbreak of April 22–25, 2010\n\n\ncrossed the Mississippi River shortly thereafter, and damaged or destroyed numerous homes on the north side of Eagle Lake. The tornado then moved across the Delta National Forest in Issaquena and Sharkey Counties, causing major tree damage. The tornado again caused significant home damage northwest of Satartia, and again as it crossed Highway 3 near the Crupp community. The tornado then moved through rural areas southwest of Yazoo City, causing major damage or total destruction of a number of homes, as well as intense tree damage. As the tornado approached the", "id": "5566995" }, { "contents": "Segregation academy\n\n\npercent of Virginia's non-Hispanic white students attended these isolated schools., In Mississippi, many of the segregation academies were first established in the black-majority Mississippi Delta region in northwestern Mississippi. The Delta has historically had a very large majority-black population, related to the history of the use of slave labor on cotton plantations. The potential for integration resulted in white parents' establishing segregation academies in every county in the Delta. Many academies are still operating, from Indianola, Mississippi to Humphreys County. These schools", "id": "16560206" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nnationalities which settled in the area over time, forming the diversity of the region. Louisiana's first 18th century colonists were French, but they were soon joined by Spanish and Acadian settlers. The region has been home to other European-immigrant ethnic groups, beginning in the 19th century, including German, Sicilian, and Irish. There are also the Africans, West Indians, and Native Americans in the mix. The combination of these groups over time has created the special culture found in the Mississippi River Delta. Two unique", "id": "16619577" }, { "contents": "Champlain Valley National Heritage Area\n\n\nClinton, Essex, Warren, Saratoga and Washington counties in New York, and Bennington, Rutland, Addison, Chittenden, Franklin and Grand Isle counties in Vermont. Attractions located within the National Heritage Area include Fort Ticonderoga, the Lake Champlain Maritime Museum, Saratoga National Historical Park, portions of Adirondack Park and Green Mountain National Forest, Missisquoi National Wildlife Refuge and the Lake Champlain Underwater Historic Preserves. The Champlain Valley National Heritage Area was established by the Champlain Valley National Heritage Act of 2005. It is administered by the Champlain Valley", "id": "9913189" }, { "contents": "Atchafalaya National Heritage Area\n\n\nof the natural and built environment. The heritage area designation recognizes the area's unique environment and culture, and its contributions to music, English and French language, literature, and cuisine. Major locales included in the Heritage Area include Avery Island, New Iberia, Morgan City, Lafayette, Opelousas, Baton Rouge, Plaquemine and Houma. Jean Lafitte National Historical Park, Longfellow-Evangeline State Historic Site and Plaquemine Lock State Historic Site are included in the heritage area, as well as the Louisiana State Museum branches in Baton Rouge", "id": "9171578" }, { "contents": "Bryant Clark\n\n\nBryant W. Clark (born October 31, 1974) is an American politician from the state of Mississippi. A member of the Democratic Party, Clark is a member of the Mississippi House of Representatives, and represents the 47th district. He has served in the Mississippi House since 2004. The district includes parts of Attala, Holmes and Yazoo counties, which is located in central Mississippi. The district comprises both the Hills and Mississippi Delta regions of the state. Clark is a lifelong resident of Ebenezer, located in southern Holmes County", "id": "18412525" }, { "contents": "Louisiana African American Heritage Trail\n\n\nLouisiana African American Heritage Trail () is a cultural heritage trail with 26 sites designated in 2008 by the state of Louisiana, from New Orleans along the Mississippi River to Baton Rouge and Shreveport, with sites in small towns and plantations also included. In New Orleans several sites are within a walking area. Auto travel is required to reach sites outside the city. A variety of African-American museums devoted to art, history and culture are on the \"trail\", as is the Cane River Creole National Historical Park,", "id": "6088712" }, { "contents": "Delta Blues Museum\n\n\nThe Delta Blues Museum in Clarksdale, Mississippi, United States exists to collect, preserve, and provide public access to and awareness of the blues. Along with holdings of significant blues-related memorabilia, the museum also exhibits and collects art portraying the blues tradition, including works by sculptor Floyd Shaman and photographer Birney Imes. The museum is located in the Yazoo and Mississippi Valley Passenger Depot, also known as Illinois Central Passenger Depot or Clarksdale Passenger Depot, which was built in 1926 and listed on the National Register of Historic Places", "id": "19201111" }, { "contents": "Clarksdale, Mississippi\n\n\nClarksdale is a city in Coahoma County, Mississippi, United States, and seat of the county. The western boundary of the county is formed by the Mississippi River. Located in the Mississippi Delta region, Clarksdale is an agricultural and trading center. It has been home to many blues musicians. Clarksdale is named after John Clark, who founded the city in the mid-19th century. Choctaw and Chickasaw Indians occupied the Delta region prior to the arrival of European settlers. Clarksdale was developed at the former intersection of two Indian routes:", "id": "2119137" }, { "contents": "Education segregation in the Mississippi Delta\n\n\nThe Mississippi Delta region has had the most segregated schools -- and for the longest time—of any part of the United States. As recently as the 2016–2017 school year, East Side High School in Cleveland, Mississippi, was practically all black: 359 of 360 students were African-American. The Delta region of Mississippi is nineteen counties in the northwest of the state, bounded on the west by the Mississippi River and the south by the Yazoo River. It is a poor region of the country's poorest state. In", "id": "13439199" } ]

[ { "contents": "Mississippi Delta National Heritage Area\n\n\nMississippi Delta National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area that seeks to preserve and promote the landscape, culture and history of the Mississippi Delta in the northwestern portion of the U.S. state of Mississippi. The region is famous for blues music and a unique culture that has had broad influence on music and literature, both in the United States and worldwide. The national heritage area comprises Bolivar, Carroll, Coahoma, Desoto, Holmes, Humphreys, Issaquena, Leflore, Panola, Quitman, Sharkey, Tallahatchie, Tate, Tunica", "id": "16296069" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta\n\n\nyears. The land is flat and contains some of the most fertile soil in the world. It is two hundred miles long and seventy miles across at its widest point, encompassing approximately 4,415,000 acres, or, some 7,000 square miles of alluvial floodplain. On the east, it is bounded by bluffs extending beyond the Yazoo River. It includes all or part of the following counties: Washington, Western DeSoto, Humphreys, Carroll, Issaquena, Western Panola, Quitman, Bolivar, Coahoma, Leflore, Sunflower, Sharkey, Tate", "id": "15159893" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta Community College\n\n\nof Mississippi in April 1928. The name was changed to Mississippi Delta Junior College in 1960 and to Mississippi Delta Community College in 1989. The official service area of the college includes Bolivar, Humphreys, Issaquena, Leflore, Sharkey, Sunflower, and Washington counties. Coahoma County was originally in the college's service area, but the Mississippi Legislature removed it effective July 1, 1995, and it is now served by the Coahoma Community College. The main campus is located in Moorhead, Mississippi. Stauffer-Wood Administration Building houses", "id": "21307039" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Gulf Coast National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Mississippi Gulf Coast National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area along the Gulf coast of Mississippi. The designated area comprises six counties recognized for their unique cultural and scenic qualities. The National Heritage Area designation provides a unified marketing and promotional framework for the region. The National Heritage Area comprises Pearl River, Stone, George, Hancock, Harrison and Jackson counties. It includes the Mississippi portion of Gulf Islands National Seashore. The area was devastated by Hurricane Katrina in 2005. Much of the national heritage area's efforts", "id": "16361240" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Hills National Heritage Area\n\n\nMississippi Hills National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the northeastern portion of the U.S. state of Mississippi. The designation commemorates the region's impact on American culture and its role in the American Civil War and the American civil rights movement. The national heritage area designation provides a unified marketing and promotion framework for the area. The national heritage area covers all of Marshall, Benton, Tippah, Alcorn, Tishomingo, Lafayette, Union, Pontotoc, Lee, Itawamba, Calhoun, Chickasaw and Monroe counties, and those", "id": "17388610" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River floods of 2019\n\n\nwith some inundated by 15 feet of water. The Yazoo Backwater Area in the Mississippi Delta north of Vicksburg, Mississippi, experienced both record flood stages and record duration of flooding during the winter, spring, and summer of 2019. Portions of Warren, Issaquena, Sharkey, Yazoo, Humphreys, and Washington Counties were flooded. Almost half of the land area of Issaquena and Sharkey Counties experienced flooding. In late May, flood waters covered over 860 square miles (550,000 acres or 220,000 hectares), including about 390 square miles", "id": "13577492" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta\n\n\n, Tunica, Tallahatchie, Western Holmes, Western Yazoo, Western Grenada and Warren. Lexington is also part of the delta. The shifting river delta at the mouth of the Mississippi on the Gulf Coast lies some 300 miles south of this area, and is referred to as the Mississippi River Delta. The two should not be confused. Chinese began settling in Bolivar County and other Delta counties as plantation workers in the 1870s, though most Delta Chinese families migrated to the state between the 1900s and 1930s. Most Chinese immigrants worked", "id": "15159894" }, { "contents": "George W. Gayles\n\n\n1882, and then again in 1884 and 1886. In the House, he represented the 28th district, which included Bolivar, Coahoma, and Quitman County.In the Senate, he represented the ninth district, including Bolivar, Calhoun, and Sunflower counties. He was also chairman of the Third district Republican Convention in 1886 in Mississippi consisting of Bolivar, Coahoma, Issaquena, Leflore, Sunflower, Sharkey, Tunica, Quitman, Washington, and Warren counties. He was the only black state senator in Mississippi during his terms and", "id": "20783617" }, { "contents": "Coahoma County, Mississippi\n\n\nCoahoma County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 26,151. Its county seat is Clarksdale. The Clarksdale, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area includes all of Coahoma County. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region of Mississippi. Coahoma County was established February 9, 1836, and is located in the northwestern part of the state in the fertile Yazoo Delta region. The name \"Coahoma\" is a Choctaw word meaning \"red panther.\" The act creating the county", "id": "10611425" }, { "contents": "Delta Regional Authority\n\n\nMississippi; Jefferson Davis County, Mississippi; Lawrence County, Mississippi; Leflore County, Mississippi; Lafayette County, Mississippi; Madison County, Mississippi; Marion County, Mississippi; Lincoln County, Mississippi; Montgomery County, Mississippi; Panola County, Mississippi; Marshall County, Mississippi; Quitman County, Mississippi; Rankin County, Mississippi; Pike County, Mississippi; Smith County, Mississippi; Sunflower County, Mississippi; Sharkey County, Mississippi; Simpson County, Mississippi; Tippah County, Mississippi; Tallahatchie County, Mississippi; Tate County", "id": "11170384" }, { "contents": "Delta Regional Authority\n\n\nLouisiana; Winn Parish, Louisiana Mississippi Adams County, Mississippi; Amite County, Mississippi; Attala County, Mississippi; Benton County, Mississippi; Bolivar County, Mississippi; Carroll County, Mississippi; Claiborne County, Mississippi; Coahoma County, Mississippi; Copiah County, Mississippi; Covington County, Mississippi; DeSoto County, Mississippi; Franklin County, Mississippi; Grenada County, Mississippi; Hinds County, Mississippi; Holmes County, Mississippi; Humphreys County, Mississippi; Issaquena County, Mississippi; Jasper County, Mississippi; Jefferson County,", "id": "11170383" }, { "contents": "South Park National Heritage Area\n\n\nSouth Park National Heritage Area is a U.S. National Heritage Area encompassing the South Park of Colorado. Established on March 30, 2009 by the Omnibus Public Land Management Act of 2009 (§7002), the South Park NHA is managed by the Park County, Colorado Office of Tourism to promote and interpret the area's natural, scenic, and cultural resources. The National Heritage Area designation funds promotion of the area's mining, recreation, and ranching heritage. The National Heritage Area covers the majority of Park County, including the", "id": "8157140" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Civil Rights Museum\n\n\n2017, the Mississippi Department of Archives and History brought in Pam Junior as the new museum Director. Junior came from the Smith Robertson Museum and Cultural Center in Jackson, where she had been manager since 1999. Junior is a member of the board of directors for the Mississippi Delta National Heritage Area and Mississippi Book Festival and a co-founder of the Mississippi Black Theater Festival The museum hired Hilferty & Associates to design exhibits for the museum, which were fabricated by Exhibit Concepts. Monadnock Media designed the audio portions of the exhibits", "id": "6914076" }, { "contents": "Leflore County, Mississippi\n\n\nLeflore County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 32,317. The county seat is Greenwood. The county is named for Choctaw leader Greenwood LeFlore, who signed a treaty to cede his people's land to the United States in exchange for land in Indian Territory. LeFlore stayed in Mississippi, settling on land reserved for him in Tallahatchie County. Leflore County is part of the Greenwood, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region, with", "id": "10611085" }, { "contents": "Tallahatchie County, Mississippi\n\n\nTallahatchie County is a county in the U.S. state of Mississippi. At the 2010 census, the population was 15,378. Its county seats are Charleston and Sumner. Tallahatchie County is located in the Mississippi Delta region, divided by the Tallahatchie River which runs from north to south through the county before joining what becomes the Yazoo River in LeFlore County. The county was founded on December 31, 1833 after most of the Choctaw Nation was forced out under Indian Removal. Tallahatchie is a Choctaw name meaning \"rock of waters\". The", "id": "10555589" }, { "contents": "National Coal Heritage Area\n\n\nThe National Coal Heritage Area (NCHA) is a federally designated region of thirteen counties in West Virginia that were the source of \"smokeless\" bituminous coal through much of the 20th century. The National Heritage Area recognizes the area's cultural and historic qualities and serves to promote tourism, historic preservation and economic development in the region. The idea of the NCHA was first proposed in the early 1990s by Congressman Nick Rahall, and was established on November 12, 1996 by the 1996 Omnibus Parks and Public Lands Management Act. The", "id": "8963174" }, { "contents": "Muscle Shoals National Heritage Area\n\n\nMuscle Shoals National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the northwestern portion of the U.S. state of Alabama. It is centered on the portion of the Tennessee River around Muscle Shoals and interprets the region's history and culture. Muscle Shoals National Heritage Area comprises Lauderdale, Limestone, Colbert, Franklin, Lawrence and Morgan counties. Significant features of the heritage area include Wheeler Dam, Wilson Dam, Ivy Green, Rosenbaum House, Barton Hall and the northern end of the Natchez Trace. Muscle Shoals National Heritage Area was", "id": "16977602" }, { "contents": "Deer Creek (Mississippi)\n\n\nDeer Creek (also Issaquena Creek or Lower Deer Creek) is a creek in the U.S. state of Mississippi. Its source is Lake Bolivar, in Scott, Bolivar County, Mississippi. As Deer Creek flows south through the Mississippi Delta, it passes through the following counties: Bolivar, Washington, Sharkey, Issaquena, and Warren; and through the following communities: Metcalfe, Stoneville, Leland, Burdett, Arcola, Hollandale, Panther Burn, Nitta Yuma, Anguilla, Rolling Fork, Cary, Onward, and Valley Park.", "id": "1520113" }, { "contents": "Money, Mississippi\n\n\nMoney is an unincorporated Mississippi Delta community near Greenwood in Leflore County, Mississippi, United States. It has fewer than 100 residents, down from 400 in the early 1950s when a cotton mill operated there. Money is located on a railroad line along the Tallahatchie River, a tributary of the Yazoo River in the eastern part of the Mississippi Delta. The community has ZIP code 38945 in the Greenwood, Mississippi micropolitan area. Money is the site of the 1955 lynching of 14-year-old Emmett Till by white men, an event", "id": "15040548" }, { "contents": "Sharkey County, Mississippi\n\n\nSharkey County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. Part of the western border is formed by the Yazoo River. According to the 2010 census, the population was 4,916, making it the second-least populous county in Mississippi. Its county seat is Rolling Fork. The county is named after William L. Sharkey, the provisional Governor of Mississippi in 1865. Sharkey County is located in the Mississippi Delta region. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of , of which is land", "id": "10555635" }, { "contents": "Oil Region National Heritage Area\n\n\nOil Region National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the northwestern portion of the U.S. state of Pennsylvania. The national heritage area commemorates and promotes the region surrounding Edwin Drake's oil well of 1859 near Titusville, which gave rise to the modern oil industry. The national heritage area includes all of Venango County and a portion of Crawford County, including Titusville and Oil Creek Township The Oil Region National Heritage Area was established by Public Law 108-447 in 2004. It is administered by the Oil Region Alliance.", "id": "17389123" }, { "contents": "Delta National Forest\n\n\nDelta National Forest is a U.S. National Forest in western Mississippi, located in Sharkey County, and has an area of . Delta is operated as the Sunflower Wildlife Management Area. The forest is headquartered in Jackson, as are all six National Forests in Mississippi, but Delta Ranger District office is located in Rolling Fork. It is one of only six National Forests that are contained entirely within a single county and the only bottomland hardwood forest in the National Forest system. The Green Ash-Overcup Oak-Sweetgum Research Natural Areas within", "id": "3631940" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\ninfluences in the Mississippi River Delta. They continue to shape preferences of food, music, and art, as well as to maintain the unique identities existing in the southernmost parts of the region. Both cultures speak a form of French; but they are considered to be autonomous and distinct dialects. From 1910–1920, New Orleans became the birthplace of jazz and since has continued its legacy of being home to budding musicians and new musical experiences, tying music directly to its unique culture and diverse heritage. The origins of jazz and blues", "id": "16619580" }, { "contents": "Journey Through Hallowed Ground National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Journey Through Hallowed Ground National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in portions of Pennsylvania, West Virginia, Maryland and Virginia, in the eastern United States. The Journey Through Hallowed Ground National Heritage Area was established on May 8, 2008 by Public Law 110-229, the Consolidated Natural Resources Act of 2008.The designation provides a framework for the promotion and interpretation of the area's cultural and historic character, with particular emphasis on the region's role in the American Civil War, and the preservation of the natural", "id": "13516660" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta\n\n\nThe Mississippi Delta, also known as the Yazoo-Mississippi Delta, is the distinctive northwest section of the U.S. state of Mississippi (and portions of Arkansas and Louisiana) which lies between the Mississippi and Yazoo Rivers. The region has been called \"The Most Southern Place on Earth\" (\"Southern\" in the sense of \"characteristic of its region, the American South\"), because of its unique racial, cultural, and economic history. It is long and across at its widest point, encompassing about , or", "id": "15159888" }, { "contents": "Freedom's Way National Heritage Area\n\n\nFreedom's Way National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing portions of northern Massachusetts and southern New Hampshire. The heritage area includes sites significant to the American Revolution, cultural sites associated with Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau, and Native American sites. The heritage area seeks to preserve the region's landscape and historic structures. The National Heritage Area includes Minute Man National Historical Park, portions of Middlesex and Worcester counties in Massachusetts, and portions of Hillsborough County, New Hampshire, an area including a total of", "id": "14966358" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta\n\n\nside of the Mississippi River, another area of high poverty). The 1990s state legalization of casino gambling in Mississippi has boosted the Delta's economy, particularly in the areas of Tunica and Vicksburg. A large cultural influence in the region is its history of hunting and fishing. Hunting in the Delta is primarily for game such as whitetail deer, wild turkey, and waterfowl, along with many small game species (squirrel, rabbit, dove, quail, raccoon, etc.) For many years, the hunting and fishing", "id": "15159912" }, { "contents": "Baltimore National Heritage Area\n\n\nBaltimore National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing portions of Baltimore, Maryland, USA. The designated area includes the central portion of the city, waterfront, inner neighborhoods and portions of the city's park system. The district includes Fort McHenry and the Inner Harbor, as well as portions of the Charles Street, Falls Road, National Historic Seaport and Star Spangled Banner Maryland Scenic Byways. The Baltimore National Heritage Area was established on March 30, 2009 by the Omnibus Public Land Management Act of 2009 (§", "id": "8582841" }, { "contents": "B.B. King Museum\n\n\nThe B.B. King Museum and Delta Interpretive Center is a Delta blues museum with the mission to \"empower, unite and heal through music, art and education and share with the world the rich cultural heritage of the Mississippi Delta.\" The museum, named for blues legend, B.B. King, is located in his hometown of Indianola, Mississippi, in the United States. The B.B. King Museum and Delta Interpretive Center opened in Indianola Mississippi on September 13, 2008. The museum features a restored brick cotton gin building in which B.B.", "id": "17262603" }, { "contents": "Louise, Mississippi\n\n\nLouise is a town in Humphreys County, Mississippi. The population was 199 at the 2010 census, down from 315 at the 2000 census. Louise is located in southern Humphreys County at (32.981549, -90.591624), along Silver Creek in the Mississippi Delta region. Mississippi Highway 149 passes just east of the town, leading north to U.S. Route 49W at Silver City and south via Mississippi Highway 16 to Yazoo City. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town of Louise has a total area of , all land.", "id": "2222822" }, { "contents": "Arkansas Delta\n\n\nblues and gospel traditions. The East Central Delta area has produced a small number of talented and influential R&B artists. Arkansas's blues Influence, shares a rich heritage with Mississippi and Memphis, Tennessee. Arkansas was home to numerous blues masters, who are held in high esteem by newer generations learning blues history. Arkansas blues artists influenced decades of pop culture music by such artists as Muddy Waters, Little Milton, B.B. King, Eric Clapton, Jeff Beck, Joe Bonamassa, Stevie Ray Vaughan, George Harrison and the Rolling Stones", "id": "6558115" }, { "contents": "Cruger, Mississippi\n\n\nCruger is a town in Holmes County, Mississippi, United States. The population was 386 at the 2010 census, down from 449 at the 2000 census. Cruger is in the northwest corner of Holmes County, in the Mississippi Delta region along U.S. Route 49E. Greenwood is north of Cruger via US 49E, and Yazoo City is to the south. According to the United States Census Bureau, Cruger has a total area of , all land. As of the census of 2000, there were 449 people, 161 households, and", "id": "2222747" }, { "contents": "Carroll County, Mississippi\n\n\nCarroll County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 10,597. Its county seats are Carollton and Vaiden. The county is named for Charles Carroll of Carrollton, the last surviving signatory of the U.S. Declaration of Independence. Carroll County is part of the Greenwood, Micropolitan Statistical Area. Bordered by the Yazoo River on the west and the Big Black River to the east, it is considered within the Mississippi Delta region. Most of its land is in the hill country", "id": "10611479" }, { "contents": "Minter City, Mississippi\n\n\nMinter City is an unincorporated community located in Leflore County and in Tallahatchie County, Mississippi. It is part of the Greenwood, Mississippi micropolitan area, and is within the Mississippi Delta. Mississippi Highway 8 intersects U.S. Route 49E southwest of Minter City, and the Tallahatchie River flows to the east. There is a post office located on U.S. Route 49E, with a ZIP code of 38944. Variant names for the original settlement were \"Walnut Place Landing\" and \"Minter City Landing\". Spanish explorer Hernando de Soto may have", "id": "12467995" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta AVA\n\n\nThe Mississippi Delta AVA is an American Viticultural Area on the left (east) bank of the Mississippi River, between Memphis, Tennessee, and Vicksburg, Mississippi. It includes portions of the Mississippi Delta and the watershed of the lower Mississippi River in the U.S. states of Louisiana (west bank), Mississippi, and Tennessee. Since the creation of the AVA in 1984, there has been very little viticulture in the Mississippi Delta region. Mississippi State University established an enology laboratory to research grape cultivation in the area, but little", "id": "16585963" }, { "contents": "Greenwood, Mississippi\n\n\nGreenwood is a city in and the county seat of Leflore County, Mississippi, located at the eastern edge of the Mississippi Delta, approximately 96 miles north of the state capital, Jackson, Mississippi, and 130 miles south of the riverport of Memphis, Tennessee. It was a center of cotton planter culture in the 19th century. The population was 16,087 at the 2010 census. It is the principal city of the Greenwood Micropolitan Statistical Area. Greenwood developed at the confluence of the Tallahatchie and the Yalobusha rivers, which form the", "id": "3378194" }, { "contents": "Bolivar County, Mississippi\n\n\nBolivar County ( ) is a county located on the western border of the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 34,145. Its county seats are Rosedale and Cleveland. The county is named in honor of Simón Bolívar, early 19th-century leader of the liberation of several South American colonies from Spain. The Cleveland, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area includes all of Bolivar County. It is located in the Mississippi Delta, or Yazoo Basin, of Mississippi. This area was first developed for cotton plantations", "id": "10611493" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nmusic in the region is closely connected to the Mississippi River and the delta, as the location allowed for an influx of cultural influences, including blues and bluegrass music from upriver, to the African and Latin folk hymns and music from the Caribbean islands. The delta is still synonymous with the sounds of jazz, funk and zydeco and remains to be an important cultural hub for new sounds and music, bringing thousands to the area every year to experience the lifestyle and participate in the natural rhythms of the area. The region is", "id": "16619581" }, { "contents": "Essex National Heritage Commission\n\n\nThe Essex National Heritage Commission (ENHC) is a non-profit organization charted to oversee the Essex National Heritage Area, a National Heritage Area composed of all of Essex County, Massachusetts. The commission promotes the cultural heritage with public and private partnerships and with the National Park Service by developing programs that enhance, preserve and encourage regional awareness of the area's unique historic, cultural and natural resources. The commission is based in Salem. The organization has sponsored a number of events and programs that celebrate the region’s history,", "id": "16440799" }, { "contents": "Blue Ridge National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Blue Ridge National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing the twenty-five westernmost counties of North Carolina, which are associated with the Blue Ridge Mountains. The designation provides a framework for the promotion and interpretation of the area's cultural and historic character, and the preservation of the natural and built environment. The National Heritage Area includes the North Carolina portions of Great Smoky Mountains National Park and the Blue Ridge Parkway. Other attractions include Mount Mitchell in Pisgah National Forest, Nantahala National Forest and the North Carolina", "id": "9719864" }, { "contents": "Poverty Point\n\n\nPoverty Point State Historic Site (; 16 WC 5) is a prehistoric earthwork constructed by the Poverty Point culture. The Poverty Point site is located in present-day northeastern Louisiana though evidence of the Poverty Point culture extends throughout much of the Southeastern United States. The culture extended across the Mississippi Delta and south to the Gulf Coast. The Poverty Point site has been designated as a U.S. National Monument, a U.S. National Historic Landmark, and UNESCO World Heritage Site. Located in the Southern United States, the site is from the", "id": "10100047" }, { "contents": "Geography of Arkansas\n\n\nState Park, Delta Heritage Trail State Park, Felsenthal National Wildlife Refuge, Lake Chicot State Park, Mississippi River State Park, Overflow National Wildlife Refuge and White River National Wildlife Refuge. The flat topography and fertile soils of Southeast Arkansas have been important to the region throughout its history, first to the Native American that inhabited the region. This history is available today at museums like the Pine Bluff/Jefferson County Historical Museum. The area was one of the first explored and settled in Arkansas; including the territorial capital at Arkansas", "id": "17334085" }, { "contents": "Tchula, Mississippi\n\n\nhad vanished, partly due to increased use of machines in agriculture. Many businesses formerly in the town had disappeared. Tchula is in western Holmes County along Tchula Lake, an old river channel in the Mississippi Delta region of the state. U.S. Route 49E passes through the center of town, leading north to Greenwood and southwest to Yazoo. Mississippi Highway 12 leads southeast from Tchula to Lexington, the Holmes County seat. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of , of which , or 2.31", "id": "2222794" }, { "contents": "Freedom's Frontier National Heritage Area\n\n\nFreedom's Frontier National Heritage Area, Inc. (FFNHA) is a federally designated U.S. National Heritage Area located in eastern Kansas and Western Missouri. This heritage area preserves, conserves, and interprets historic and cultural landscapes pertaining to: the shaping of the frontier, the Missouri-Kansas Border War, and the enduring struggle for freedom. FFNHA was authorized on October 12, 2006, with the passage of the National Heritage Areas Act of 2006. The management plan for the heritage area was approved by the Board of Trustees on June", "id": "353294" }, { "contents": "Sunflower County, Mississippi\n\n\nSunflower County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 29,450. Its largest city and county seat is Indianola. Sunflower County comprises the Indianola, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is included in the Cleveland-Indianola, MS Combined Statistical Area. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region. Sunflower Country was created in 1844. The land mass encompassed most of Sunflower and Leflore Counties as we know them today. The first seat of government was Clayton, located near", "id": "10555603" }, { "contents": "Atchafalaya National Heritage Area\n\n\nAtchafalaya National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing parts of fourteen parishes along the Atchafalaya River in the U.S. State of Louisiana. The heritage area extends the length of the Atchafalaya Basin from the area of Ferriday in the north to the river's mouth beyond Morgan City. The National Heritage Area is divided into four regions: Upper, Between 2 Rivers, Bayou Teche Corridor and the Coastal Zone. The designation provides a framework for the promotion and interpretation of the area's cultural and historic character, and the preservation", "id": "9171577" }, { "contents": "Niagara Falls National Heritage Area\n\n\nNiagara Falls National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing the Niagara Falls region of the U.S. State of New York. The heritage area includes the communities of Niagara Falls, Youngstown and Lewiston. The designation provides a framework for the promotion and interpretation of the area's cultural and historic character, and the preservation of the natural and built environment. The heritage area designation recognizes the area's importance to Native Americans, to early European explorers of America, the American Revolution, the War of 1812 and the area's", "id": "9115304" }, { "contents": "Warren County, Mississippi\n\n\nWarren County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 48,773. Its county seat is Vicksburg. Created by legislative act of 22 December 1809, Warren County is named for American Revolutionary War officer Joseph Warren. Part of the Mississippi Delta and the historic cotton culture, Warren County is included in the Vicksburg, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Jackson-Vicksburg-Brookhaven, MS Combined Statistical Area. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the", "id": "10555530" }, { "contents": "Greenwood, Mississippi micropolitan area\n\n\nThe Greenwood Micropolitan Statistical Area is a micropolitan area in the northwestern Delta region of Mississippi that covers two counties - Leflore and Carroll. As of the 2000 census, the μSA had a population of 48,716 (though a July 1, 2009 estimate placed the population at 44,841). As of the census of 2000, there were 48,716 people, 17,027 households, and 11,956 families residing within the μSA. The racial makeup of the μSA was 37.22% White, 60.85% African American, 0.10% Native American, 0.54% Asian", "id": "8919330" }, { "contents": "James Thomas (blues musician)\n\n\n\". In 1985, his work was featured in the prestigious Corcoran Gallery in Washington, D.C., where he was introduced to Nancy Reagan, then the First Lady. Thomas's skulls are on display in the Delta Blues Museum, in Clarksdale, Mississippi, and the Highway 61 Blues Museum, in Leland, Mississippi. Thomas played at numerous blues festivals and private parties throughout the area, including the Mississippi Delta Blues and Heritage Festival in Greenville. In the 1970s, Eddie Cusic performed with Thomas at regular engagements. Together they", "id": "17330513" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nand is an important coastal region for the United States, containing more than of coastal wetlands and 37% of the estuarine marsh in the conterminous U.S. The coastal area is the nation's largest drainage basin and drains about 41% of the contiguous United States into the Gulf of Mexico at an average rate of . The modern Mississippi River Delta formed over the last approximately 4,500 years as the Mississippi River deposited sand, clay and silt along its banks and in adjacent basins. The Mississippi River Delta is a river-dominated delta system", "id": "16619564" }, { "contents": "Arabia Mountain National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Arabia Mountain National Heritage Area is a National Heritage Area in the U.S. state of Georgia that encompasses natural, cultural, and historical elements to form a cohesive, nationally significant environment. The area is due east of Atlanta and spans reaching from the historic commercial center of Lithonia to the Monastery of the Holy Spirit in Conyers, including a number of sites in between, including Panola Mountain State Park, Davidson-Arabia Mountain Nature Preserve, the Mall at Stonecrest, and more. The Heritage Area was established in 2006, and", "id": "352970" }, { "contents": "Sangre de Cristo National Heritage Area\n\n\nSangre de Cristo National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the south central portion of the U.S. state of Colorado. The heritage area includes the San Luis Valley and portions of the Sangre de Cristo Range. The region combines influences of Anglo-American, Hispano-American and Native American influences. It also includes portions of the upper Rio Grande valley. The national heritage area includes Alamosa, Costilla, and Conejos counties, and portions of Saguache and Rio Grande counties. It also includes within its boundaries Great Sand", "id": "17389640" }, { "contents": "Delta State–Mississippi College football rivalry\n\n\nThe Delta State–Mississippi College football rivalry, commonly known as the Heritage Bell Classic, is a college football rivalry game between a public university and a private Christian college in the U.S. state of Mississippi, the Delta State University Statesmen and the Mississippi College Choctaws. The current winner is Delta State, who won, 28–21, on November 10, 2018. Delta State leads the all-time series, 22–15–2. The Delta State Statesmen were co-founding members of the Gulf South Conference in 1970. Mississippi College joined the", "id": "15797675" }, { "contents": "Delta blues\n\n\nDelta blues is one of the earliest-known styles of blues music. It originated in the Mississippi Delta, a region of the U.S. stretching from Memphis, Tennessee, in the north to Vicksburg, Mississippi, in the south and from Helena, Arkansas, in the west to the Yazoo River in the east. The Mississippi Delta is famous for its fertile soil and for its poverty. Delta blues is regarded as a regional variant of country blues. Guitar and harmonica are its dominant instruments; slide guitar is a hallmark of", "id": "7794018" }, { "contents": "Arkansas Delta\n\n\na decline. Charles Bowden of \"National Geographic\" wrote, \"By 1970 the sharecropping world was already disappearing, and the landscape of today—huge fields, giant machines, battered towns, few people—beginning to emerge.\" The Arkansas Delta is known for its rich musical heritage. While defined primarily by its deep blues/gospel roots, it is distinguished somewhat from its Mississippi Delta counterpart by more intricately interwoven country music and R&B elements. Arkansas blues musicians have defined every genre of blues from its inception, including", "id": "6558110" }, { "contents": "Greenwood High School (Mississippi)\n\n\nGreenwood High School is a public high school located in Greenwood, Leflore County, in the U.S. state of Mississippi. The school is part of the Greenwood Public School District. Greenwood, Mississippi, is a town of slightly over 15,000 residents located on the banks of the Yazoo River about south of Memphis, Tennessee, and about north of Jackson, Mississippi. The city and county are named after Greenwood Leflore, the designated leader of the Choctaw nation who ceded Mississippi land under pressure of the 1830 Indian Removal Act to the United", "id": "4541464" }, { "contents": "Upper Housatonic Valley National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Upper Housatonic Valley National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the U.S. states of Connecticut and Massachusetts. The heritage area interprets and promotes the historical, cultural and scenic features of the upper Housatonic River valley in the western part of both states. The heritage area focuses on five themes: the area's role as a resort for writers, artists, actors and musicians, the scenic landscape, the area's role in industry, the American Revolutionary War, and the social and religious groups associated with the area", "id": "17597179" }, { "contents": "National Heritage Area\n\n\nA National Heritage Area is a site designated by United States and intended to encourage historic preservation of the area and an appreciation of the history and heritage of the site. There are currently 55 National Heritage Areas, some of which use variations of the title, such as National Heritage Corridor. National Heritage Areas (NHAs) are not National Park Service units or federally owned or managed land. NHAs are administered by state governments or non-profit organizations or other private corporations, referred to as \"local coordinating entities\". The", "id": "2301876" }, { "contents": "Lackawanna Heritage Valley National and State Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Lackawanna Heritage Valley National and State Heritage Area is a state and federally designated National Heritage Area in northeastern Pennsylvania. It was initially established in 1991 as the first State Heritage Park in Pennsylvania, and was additionally designated a National Heritage Area in 2000. The designations recognize the area's heritage of industry, architecture, history and natural resources, and provide a framework for development and promotion of these features. The Lackawanna Heritage Valley National and State Heritage Area is managed by the Lackawanna Heritage Valley Authority, or LHVA. The National", "id": "16220344" }, { "contents": "Kenai Mountains – Turnagain Arm National Heritage Area\n\n\nKenai Mountains – Turnagain Arm National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the U.S. state of Alaska. The heritage area extends across the northern part of the Kenai Peninsula, immediately to the north and east of Kenai Fjords National Park. The designation recognizes the area's unique cultural, scenic and historical features and provides a unified organization for promotion of the area's attractions. The Kenai Mountains – Turnagain Arm National Heritage Area (KMTA) includes the road corridor between Seward and Hope and Whittier, from Resurrection Bay in", "id": "16167272" }, { "contents": "Mayersville, Mississippi\n\n\nMayersville is a town on the east bank of the Mississippi River, and the county seat for Issaquena County, Mississippi, United States. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region, known for cotton cultivation in the antebellum era. Once the trading center for the county, the town was superseded when railroads were built into the area. The population of the majority-black town was 547 at the 2010 census, down from 795 at the 2000 census. Native Americans had lived in this area since prehistoric times. The Mayersville", "id": "2222833" }, { "contents": "Crenshaw, Mississippi\n\n\nCrenshaw is a town in Panola and Quitman counties in the U.S. state of Mississippi. The population was 916 at the 2000 census. Crenshaw is located at (34.502661, -90.195841). Most of the town is in Panola County with a small portion on the west side in Quitman County. In the 2000 census, 697 of the town's 916 residents (76.1%) lived in Panola County and 219 (23.9%) in Quitman County. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of", "id": "17931693" }, { "contents": "Panola County, Mississippi\n\n\nPanola County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 34,707. Its county seats are Sardis and Batesville. Panola is the anglicization of \"ponolo\", a word meaning thread in both old Choctaw and Chickasaw and cotton in modern Choctaw. The county is located just east of the Mississippi Delta and bisected by the Tallahatchie River flowing to the southwest, separating the two county seats. Panola County was established February 9, 1836, and is one of the twelve large", "id": "10555705" }, { "contents": "MotorCities National Heritage Area\n\n\nMotorCities National Heritage Area or Motor Cities National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area that commemorates and promotes the automobile industry in Metro Detroit, with portions of 16 counties in southern Michigan, United States. The scope of the heritage area includes sites and events relating to the motor industry as well as the industry's impact on labor, society and the environment. The heritage area comprises more than 1200 automotive-related sites, including the Henry Ford Museum, Fair Lane, various Ford plants, the Automotive Hall of Fame", "id": "16976479" }, { "contents": "Great Basin National Heritage Area\n\n\nGreat Basin National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in Nevada and Utah, including White Pine County, Nevada and Millard County, Utah. The area was designated to recognize and promote the scenic and cultural resources associated with this central portion of the Great Basin. The National Heritage Area includes Great Basin National Park and portions of Humboldt-Toiyabe and Fishlake National Forests, as well as Fort Deseret, Sevier Lake and the Topaz War Relocation Center. Great Basin National Heritage Area was designated on October 13, 2006.", "id": "15909144" }, { "contents": "Crowder, Mississippi\n\n\nCrowder is a town in Panola and Quitman counties in the state of Mississippi. The population was 766 at the 2000 census. Most of Crowder is in Quitman County with a portion on the east in adjacent Panola County. In the 2000 census, 462 of the town's 766 residents (60.3%) lived in Quitman County and 304 (39.7%) in Panola County. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 0.4 square miles (1.2 km², all land. As of the", "id": "17931698" }, { "contents": "Rivers of Steel National Heritage Area\n\n\nRivers of Steel National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in southwestern Pennsylvania, centered on Pittsburgh and oriented around the interpretation and promotion of the region's steel-making heritage. The area roughly covers the valleys of the Ohio, Monongahela and lower Allegheny rivers. Major interpretive locations include the Carrie Furnace, Pinkerton's Landing Bridge and other features of the Homestead Steel Works. The national heritage area comprises Allegheny, Armstrong, Beaver, Butler, Greene, Fayette, Washington and Westmoreland counties. Rivers of Steel National Heritage", "id": "17389345" }, { "contents": "Crowley's Ridge Parkway\n\n\nroute which allowed the traveler to experience the Southern heritage of the area. The National Scenic Byway designation came the following year, with an extension into Missouri in 2000. The majority of the route is in Arkansas, and the parkway begins in Phillips County, Arkansas, in Helena-West Helena very near the Helena Bridge over the Mississippi River. Beginning at US Route 49 (US 49) and running north with US 49 Business (US 49B), the route passes historic properties including the Delta Cultural Center, the Jerome", "id": "1149985" }, { "contents": "Issaquena County, Mississippi\n\n\nIssaquena County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 1,406, making it the least populous county in the United States east of the Mississippi River. Its county seat is Mayersville. With a per-capita income of $18,598, Issaquena County is the poorest county in the United States. Issaquena County is located in the Mississippi Delta region. The Mississippi River flows along the entire western boundary of the county, and many of the earliest communities were river ports.", "id": "10611264" }, { "contents": "Delta Regional Authority\n\n\n, Mississippi; Tunica County, Mississippi; Union County, Mississippi; Walthall County, Mississippi; Warren County, Mississippi; Washington County, Mississippi; Wilkinson County, Mississippi; Yalobusha County, Mississippi; Yazoo County, Mississippi Missouri Bollinger County, Missouri; Butler County, Missouri; Cape Girardeau County, Missouri; Carter County, Missouri; Crawford County, Missouri; Dent County, Missouri; Douglas County, Missouri; Dunklin County, Missouri; Howell County, Missouri; Iron County, Missouri; Madison County, Missouri; Mississippi", "id": "11170385" }, { "contents": "Tunica County, Mississippi\n\n\nTunica County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 10,778. Its county seat is Tunica. The county is named for the Tunica Native Americans. Most migrated to central Louisiana during the colonial period. Tunica County is part of the Memphis, TN-MS-AR Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region. Since the late 20th century, it is known for Tunica Resorts (formerly Robinsonville), an unincorporated community that is the site", "id": "10555567" }, { "contents": "Emmett Till\n\n\nin the Mississippi Delta are memorialized as associated with Till. Emmett Till was born in 1941 in Chicago; he was the son of Mamie Carthan (1921–2003) and Louis Till (1922–1945). Emmett's mother Mamie was born in the small Delta town of Webb, Mississippi. The Delta region encompasses the large, multi-county area of northwestern Mississippi in the watershed of the Yazoo and Mississippi rivers. When Carthan was two years old, her family moved to Argo, Illinois, as part of the Great Migration of rural", "id": "2570054" }, { "contents": "History of New Orleans\n\n\nUnion during the Civil War. With its rich and unique cultural and architectural heritage, it remains a major destination for tourism, conventions, and major sports events, even after the major destruction and loss of life resulting from Hurricane Katrina in 2005. The land mass that was to become the city of New Orleans was formed around 2200 BC when the Mississippi River deposited silt creating the delta region. Before Europeans founded the settlement, the area was inhabited by Native Americans for about 1300 years. The Mississippian culture peoples built mounds and", "id": "3084005" }, { "contents": "B.B. King Museum\n\n\nKing worked in the 1940s. The museum also contains an extensive collection of artifacts owned by King and displays exhibits about his life and the lives of other musicians of the delta region and the culture where the blues arose. The museum commemorates the famous blues artist, B.B King, who was from the Mississippi Delta. The museum has multiple exhibits highlighting King's Delta Blue music. Exhibits include interactive exhibits, King memorabilia, and stories. The museum seeks to help preserve Delta Blues and its culture by promoting its importance. In", "id": "17262604" }, { "contents": "Missouri Bootheel\n\n\nwrites: Given the population in the area, even a moderately sized earthquake would be disastrous. The Bootheel (pronounced Boothill in the region) is on the edge of the Mississippi Delta culture that produced the Delta blues. Its relatively large black population makes it distinct from the rest of rural Missouri. The area has a unique rural black culture reflected in its music, churches and other traditions. The black population ranges from about 26% in Pemiscot County, to 15% in New Madrid County, and about 9% in", "id": "12618286" }, { "contents": "Moorhead, Mississippi\n\n\nMoorhead is a city in Sunflower County, Mississippi. As of the 2000 census, the city population was 2,573. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of , of which is land and 0.77% is water. Moorhead is along U.S. Route 82, east of Indianola. Moorhead is located at the intersection of the Southern and Yazoo Delta railroads. This is the origin of the legendary blues crossroads phrase \"where the Southern cross the Dog\". As of the 2010 United States Census,", "id": "2223816" }, { "contents": "Blanche Bruce\n\n\nsteamboat porter on the Mississippi River. In 1864, he moved to Hannibal, Missouri, where he established a school for black children. In 1868, during Reconstruction, Bruce relocated to Bolivar near Cleveland in northwestern Mississippi, at which he purchased a Mississippi Delta plantation. He became a wealthy landowner of several thousand acres in the Mississippi Delta. He was appointed to the positions of Tallahatchie County registrar of voters and tax assessor before he won an election for sheriff in Bolivar County. He later was elected to other county positions,", "id": "13640962" }, { "contents": "Delta, Mississippi\n\n\nDelta is a ghost town in Coahoma County, Mississippi, United States. Once a thriving port on the Mississippi River, Delta today is covered by farmland and a portion of the Mississippi Levee. Nothing remains of the original settlement. The county seat was moved from Port Royal to Delta in 1842. In 1844, Delta was surveyed and laid off into lots. The town had a population of about 700, and was a busy steamboat port. Delta incorporated in 1848. That same year, the river flooded the town,", "id": "8584565" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nbenefits that are unique to the region. These vital resources are at constant risk of being lost with the continual land loss and the decreasing size of the natural coastal area. The Mississippi River Delta has a strong economy which relies heavily on tourism and recreational activities such as fishing, hunting and wildlife watching as well as commercial fishing, oil, gas, and shipping industries. There are a number of major industries in the Mississippi River Delta that drive the local and national economy, including: In total, the five Gulf Coast", "id": "16619584" }, { "contents": "Holmes County, Mississippi\n\n\nHolmes County is a county in the U.S. state of Mississippi; its western border is formed by the Yazoo River and the eastern border by the Big Black River. The western part of the county is within the Yazoo-Mississippi Delta. As of the 2010 census, the population was 19,198. Its county seat is Lexington. The county is named in honor of David Holmes, territorial governor and the first governor of the state of Mississippi and later United States Senator for Mississippi. A favorite son, Edmond Favor Noel, was", "id": "10611282" }, { "contents": "Greenville, Mississippi\n\n\nGreenville is a city in, and the county seat of, Washington County, Mississippi, United States. The population was 34,400 at the 2010 census. It is located in the area of historic cotton plantations and culture known as the Mississippi Delta. This area was occupied by indigenous peoples for thousands of years. When the French explored here, they encountered the historic Natchez people. As part of their colony known as \"La Louisiane\", the French established a settlement at what became Natchez, Mississippi. Other Native American tribes", "id": "2224007" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nartery. In addition to shipping, local and commercial fisheries continued to expand. The discovery of vast oil and gas deposits brought further economic and environmental changes to the delta. Despite these profound changes, the delta today remains very much rooted in the vibrant cultural and social traditions of its residents. The Mississippi River Delta is home to more than two million people. The location of the delta at the mouth of the Mississippi River allowed for the area to be a cultural gateway into the United States, and influenced the mix of", "id": "16619576" }, { "contents": "Essex Heritage\n\n\nEssex Heritage is a non-profit organization charted to promote the cultural heritage of Essex County in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. Working with both public and private partnerships and with the National Park Service, the group supports and develops programs that enhance, preserve and encourage regional awareness of the area’s unique historic, cultural and natural resources. Headquartered in Salem, Massachusetts, the Commission services the 34 communities of Essex County. It has been recognized by the United States Congress in recognition of the important role that this region played in American", "id": "16609234" }, { "contents": "Washington County, Mississippi\n\n\nWashington County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 51,137. Its county seat is Greenville. The county is named in honor of the first President of the United States, George Washington. The Greenville, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area includes all of Washington County. It is located in the Mississippi Delta. Located in the Mississippi Delta, Washington County was first developed for cotton cultivation in the antebellum years. Most plantations were developed to have access to the rivers, which", "id": "10555522" }, { "contents": "Mississippi\n\n\nIsland. The northwest remainder of the state consists of the Mississippi Delta, a section of the Mississippi Alluvial Plain. The plain is narrow in the south and widens north of Vicksburg. The region has rich soil, partly made up of silt which had been regularly deposited by the flood waters of the Mississippi River. Areas under the management of the National Park Service include: Mississippi City Population Rankings of at least 50,000 (United States Census Bureau as of 2017): Mississippi City Population Rankings of at least 20,000 but fewer than", "id": "21293458" }, { "contents": "Belzoni, Mississippi\n\n\nBelzoni ( ) is a city in Humphreys County, Mississippi, in the Mississippi Delta region, on the Yazoo River. The population was 2,235 at the 2010 census. It is the county seat of Humphreys County. It was named for the 19th-century Italian archaeologist/explorer Giovanni Battista Belzoni. The area was named Farm-Raised Catfish Capital of the World in 1976 by then Governor Cliff Finch, since it produces more farm-raised catfish than any other U.S. county. About of the county are under water in ponds", "id": "2222804" }, { "contents": "2011 Mississippi River floods\n\n\nfrom Vicksburg was cut off for more than two weeks. U.S. Highway 61 between Vicksburg and Port Gibson was closed by backwater flooding along the Big Black River on May 12; it reopened June 1. Another portion of U.S. Highway 61 near Redwood was closed by backwater flooding along the Yazoo River on May 13 and was closed until June 3. In anticipation of major flooding, the U.S. federal government declared 14 counties along the Mississippi River, the Thames River: Adams, Bolivar, Claiborne, Coahoma, DeSoto, Humphreys, Issaquena", "id": "8214155" }, { "contents": "Memphis, Tennessee\n\n\nother places in the world could offer cheaper labor, and the workforce was undereducated for today's challenges. The Memphis Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA), the 42nd largest in the United States, has a 2010 population of 1,316,100 and includes the Tennessee counties of Shelby, Tipton and Fayette; as well as the northern Mississippi counties of DeSoto, Marshall, Tate, and Tunica; and Crittenden County, Arkansas, all part of the Mississippi Delta. The total metropolitan area has a higher proportion of whites and a higher per capita", "id": "4225772" }, { "contents": "Northern Plains National Heritage Area\n\n\nNorthern Plains National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area along an length of the Missouri River in central North Dakota. The heritage area promotes and interprets the scenic, cultural and historic heritage of the region. It extends from Knife River Indian Villages National Historic Site to Huff Indian Village State Historic Site The area interprets the history of the Three Affiliated Tribes, the passage of the Lewis and Clark Expedition, the fur trade, steamboats on the Missouri and Fort Abraham Lincoln. It also interprets the area's association with the", "id": "17044952" }, { "contents": "Tornado outbreak of April 22–25, 2010\n\n\ncrossed the Mississippi River shortly thereafter, and damaged or destroyed numerous homes on the north side of Eagle Lake. The tornado then moved across the Delta National Forest in Issaquena and Sharkey Counties, causing major tree damage. The tornado again caused significant home damage northwest of Satartia, and again as it crossed Highway 3 near the Crupp community. The tornado then moved through rural areas southwest of Yazoo City, causing major damage or total destruction of a number of homes, as well as intense tree damage. As the tornado approached the", "id": "5566995" }, { "contents": "Segregation academy\n\n\npercent of Virginia's non-Hispanic white students attended these isolated schools., In Mississippi, many of the segregation academies were first established in the black-majority Mississippi Delta region in northwestern Mississippi. The Delta has historically had a very large majority-black population, related to the history of the use of slave labor on cotton plantations. The potential for integration resulted in white parents' establishing segregation academies in every county in the Delta. Many academies are still operating, from Indianola, Mississippi to Humphreys County. These schools", "id": "16560206" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nnationalities which settled in the area over time, forming the diversity of the region. Louisiana's first 18th century colonists were French, but they were soon joined by Spanish and Acadian settlers. The region has been home to other European-immigrant ethnic groups, beginning in the 19th century, including German, Sicilian, and Irish. There are also the Africans, West Indians, and Native Americans in the mix. The combination of these groups over time has created the special culture found in the Mississippi River Delta. Two unique", "id": "16619577" }, { "contents": "Champlain Valley National Heritage Area\n\n\nClinton, Essex, Warren, Saratoga and Washington counties in New York, and Bennington, Rutland, Addison, Chittenden, Franklin and Grand Isle counties in Vermont. Attractions located within the National Heritage Area include Fort Ticonderoga, the Lake Champlain Maritime Museum, Saratoga National Historical Park, portions of Adirondack Park and Green Mountain National Forest, Missisquoi National Wildlife Refuge and the Lake Champlain Underwater Historic Preserves. The Champlain Valley National Heritage Area was established by the Champlain Valley National Heritage Act of 2005. It is administered by the Champlain Valley", "id": "9913189" }, { "contents": "Atchafalaya National Heritage Area\n\n\nof the natural and built environment. The heritage area designation recognizes the area's unique environment and culture, and its contributions to music, English and French language, literature, and cuisine. Major locales included in the Heritage Area include Avery Island, New Iberia, Morgan City, Lafayette, Opelousas, Baton Rouge, Plaquemine and Houma. Jean Lafitte National Historical Park, Longfellow-Evangeline State Historic Site and Plaquemine Lock State Historic Site are included in the heritage area, as well as the Louisiana State Museum branches in Baton Rouge", "id": "9171578" }, { "contents": "Bryant Clark\n\n\nBryant W. Clark (born October 31, 1974) is an American politician from the state of Mississippi. A member of the Democratic Party, Clark is a member of the Mississippi House of Representatives, and represents the 47th district. He has served in the Mississippi House since 2004. The district includes parts of Attala, Holmes and Yazoo counties, which is located in central Mississippi. The district comprises both the Hills and Mississippi Delta regions of the state. Clark is a lifelong resident of Ebenezer, located in southern Holmes County", "id": "18412525" }, { "contents": "Louisiana African American Heritage Trail\n\n\nLouisiana African American Heritage Trail () is a cultural heritage trail with 26 sites designated in 2008 by the state of Louisiana, from New Orleans along the Mississippi River to Baton Rouge and Shreveport, with sites in small towns and plantations also included. In New Orleans several sites are within a walking area. Auto travel is required to reach sites outside the city. A variety of African-American museums devoted to art, history and culture are on the \"trail\", as is the Cane River Creole National Historical Park,", "id": "6088712" }, { "contents": "Delta Blues Museum\n\n\nThe Delta Blues Museum in Clarksdale, Mississippi, United States exists to collect, preserve, and provide public access to and awareness of the blues. Along with holdings of significant blues-related memorabilia, the museum also exhibits and collects art portraying the blues tradition, including works by sculptor Floyd Shaman and photographer Birney Imes. The museum is located in the Yazoo and Mississippi Valley Passenger Depot, also known as Illinois Central Passenger Depot or Clarksdale Passenger Depot, which was built in 1926 and listed on the National Register of Historic Places", "id": "19201111" }, { "contents": "Clarksdale, Mississippi\n\n\nClarksdale is a city in Coahoma County, Mississippi, United States, and seat of the county. The western boundary of the county is formed by the Mississippi River. Located in the Mississippi Delta region, Clarksdale is an agricultural and trading center. It has been home to many blues musicians. Clarksdale is named after John Clark, who founded the city in the mid-19th century. Choctaw and Chickasaw Indians occupied the Delta region prior to the arrival of European settlers. Clarksdale was developed at the former intersection of two Indian routes:", "id": "2119137" }, { "contents": "Education segregation in the Mississippi Delta\n\n\nThe Mississippi Delta region has had the most segregated schools -- and for the longest time—of any part of the United States. As recently as the 2016–2017 school year, East Side High School in Cleveland, Mississippi, was practically all black: 359 of 360 students were African-American. The Delta region of Mississippi is nineteen counties in the northwest of the state, bounded on the west by the Mississippi River and the south by the Yazoo River. It is a poor region of the country's poorest state. In", "id": "13439199" } ]

[ { "contents": "Mississippi Delta National Heritage Area\n\n\nMississippi Delta National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area that seeks to preserve and promote the landscape, culture and history of the Mississippi Delta in the northwestern portion of the U.S. state of Mississippi. The region is famous for blues music and a unique culture that has had broad influence on music and literature, both in the United States and worldwide. The national heritage area comprises Bolivar, Carroll, Coahoma, Desoto, Holmes, Humphreys, Issaquena, Leflore, Panola, Quitman, Sharkey, Tallahatchie, Tate, Tunica", "id": "16296069" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta\n\n\nyears. The land is flat and contains some of the most fertile soil in the world. It is two hundred miles long and seventy miles across at its widest point, encompassing approximately 4,415,000 acres, or, some 7,000 square miles of alluvial floodplain. On the east, it is bounded by bluffs extending beyond the Yazoo River. It includes all or part of the following counties: Washington, Western DeSoto, Humphreys, Carroll, Issaquena, Western Panola, Quitman, Bolivar, Coahoma, Leflore, Sunflower, Sharkey, Tate", "id": "15159893" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta Community College\n\n\nof Mississippi in April 1928. The name was changed to Mississippi Delta Junior College in 1960 and to Mississippi Delta Community College in 1989. The official service area of the college includes Bolivar, Humphreys, Issaquena, Leflore, Sharkey, Sunflower, and Washington counties. Coahoma County was originally in the college's service area, but the Mississippi Legislature removed it effective July 1, 1995, and it is now served by the Coahoma Community College. The main campus is located in Moorhead, Mississippi. Stauffer-Wood Administration Building houses", "id": "21307039" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Gulf Coast National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Mississippi Gulf Coast National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area along the Gulf coast of Mississippi. The designated area comprises six counties recognized for their unique cultural and scenic qualities. The National Heritage Area designation provides a unified marketing and promotional framework for the region. The National Heritage Area comprises Pearl River, Stone, George, Hancock, Harrison and Jackson counties. It includes the Mississippi portion of Gulf Islands National Seashore. The area was devastated by Hurricane Katrina in 2005. Much of the national heritage area's efforts", "id": "16361240" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Hills National Heritage Area\n\n\nMississippi Hills National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the northeastern portion of the U.S. state of Mississippi. The designation commemorates the region's impact on American culture and its role in the American Civil War and the American civil rights movement. The national heritage area designation provides a unified marketing and promotion framework for the area. The national heritage area covers all of Marshall, Benton, Tippah, Alcorn, Tishomingo, Lafayette, Union, Pontotoc, Lee, Itawamba, Calhoun, Chickasaw and Monroe counties, and those", "id": "17388610" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River floods of 2019\n\n\nwith some inundated by 15 feet of water. The Yazoo Backwater Area in the Mississippi Delta north of Vicksburg, Mississippi, experienced both record flood stages and record duration of flooding during the winter, spring, and summer of 2019. Portions of Warren, Issaquena, Sharkey, Yazoo, Humphreys, and Washington Counties were flooded. Almost half of the land area of Issaquena and Sharkey Counties experienced flooding. In late May, flood waters covered over 860 square miles (550,000 acres or 220,000 hectares), including about 390 square miles", "id": "13577492" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta\n\n\n, Tunica, Tallahatchie, Western Holmes, Western Yazoo, Western Grenada and Warren. Lexington is also part of the delta. The shifting river delta at the mouth of the Mississippi on the Gulf Coast lies some 300 miles south of this area, and is referred to as the Mississippi River Delta. The two should not be confused. Chinese began settling in Bolivar County and other Delta counties as plantation workers in the 1870s, though most Delta Chinese families migrated to the state between the 1900s and 1930s. Most Chinese immigrants worked", "id": "15159894" }, { "contents": "George W. Gayles\n\n\n1882, and then again in 1884 and 1886. In the House, he represented the 28th district, which included Bolivar, Coahoma, and Quitman County.In the Senate, he represented the ninth district, including Bolivar, Calhoun, and Sunflower counties. He was also chairman of the Third district Republican Convention in 1886 in Mississippi consisting of Bolivar, Coahoma, Issaquena, Leflore, Sunflower, Sharkey, Tunica, Quitman, Washington, and Warren counties. He was the only black state senator in Mississippi during his terms and", "id": "20783617" }, { "contents": "Coahoma County, Mississippi\n\n\nCoahoma County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 26,151. Its county seat is Clarksdale. The Clarksdale, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area includes all of Coahoma County. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region of Mississippi. Coahoma County was established February 9, 1836, and is located in the northwestern part of the state in the fertile Yazoo Delta region. The name \"Coahoma\" is a Choctaw word meaning \"red panther.\" The act creating the county", "id": "10611425" }, { "contents": "Delta Regional Authority\n\n\nMississippi; Jefferson Davis County, Mississippi; Lawrence County, Mississippi; Leflore County, Mississippi; Lafayette County, Mississippi; Madison County, Mississippi; Marion County, Mississippi; Lincoln County, Mississippi; Montgomery County, Mississippi; Panola County, Mississippi; Marshall County, Mississippi; Quitman County, Mississippi; Rankin County, Mississippi; Pike County, Mississippi; Smith County, Mississippi; Sunflower County, Mississippi; Sharkey County, Mississippi; Simpson County, Mississippi; Tippah County, Mississippi; Tallahatchie County, Mississippi; Tate County", "id": "11170384" }, { "contents": "Delta Regional Authority\n\n\nLouisiana; Winn Parish, Louisiana Mississippi Adams County, Mississippi; Amite County, Mississippi; Attala County, Mississippi; Benton County, Mississippi; Bolivar County, Mississippi; Carroll County, Mississippi; Claiborne County, Mississippi; Coahoma County, Mississippi; Copiah County, Mississippi; Covington County, Mississippi; DeSoto County, Mississippi; Franklin County, Mississippi; Grenada County, Mississippi; Hinds County, Mississippi; Holmes County, Mississippi; Humphreys County, Mississippi; Issaquena County, Mississippi; Jasper County, Mississippi; Jefferson County,", "id": "11170383" }, { "contents": "South Park National Heritage Area\n\n\nSouth Park National Heritage Area is a U.S. National Heritage Area encompassing the South Park of Colorado. Established on March 30, 2009 by the Omnibus Public Land Management Act of 2009 (§7002), the South Park NHA is managed by the Park County, Colorado Office of Tourism to promote and interpret the area's natural, scenic, and cultural resources. The National Heritage Area designation funds promotion of the area's mining, recreation, and ranching heritage. The National Heritage Area covers the majority of Park County, including the", "id": "8157140" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Civil Rights Museum\n\n\n2017, the Mississippi Department of Archives and History brought in Pam Junior as the new museum Director. Junior came from the Smith Robertson Museum and Cultural Center in Jackson, where she had been manager since 1999. Junior is a member of the board of directors for the Mississippi Delta National Heritage Area and Mississippi Book Festival and a co-founder of the Mississippi Black Theater Festival The museum hired Hilferty & Associates to design exhibits for the museum, which were fabricated by Exhibit Concepts. Monadnock Media designed the audio portions of the exhibits", "id": "6914076" }, { "contents": "Leflore County, Mississippi\n\n\nLeflore County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 32,317. The county seat is Greenwood. The county is named for Choctaw leader Greenwood LeFlore, who signed a treaty to cede his people's land to the United States in exchange for land in Indian Territory. LeFlore stayed in Mississippi, settling on land reserved for him in Tallahatchie County. Leflore County is part of the Greenwood, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region, with", "id": "10611085" }, { "contents": "Tallahatchie County, Mississippi\n\n\nTallahatchie County is a county in the U.S. state of Mississippi. At the 2010 census, the population was 15,378. Its county seats are Charleston and Sumner. Tallahatchie County is located in the Mississippi Delta region, divided by the Tallahatchie River which runs from north to south through the county before joining what becomes the Yazoo River in LeFlore County. The county was founded on December 31, 1833 after most of the Choctaw Nation was forced out under Indian Removal. Tallahatchie is a Choctaw name meaning \"rock of waters\". The", "id": "10555589" }, { "contents": "National Coal Heritage Area\n\n\nThe National Coal Heritage Area (NCHA) is a federally designated region of thirteen counties in West Virginia that were the source of \"smokeless\" bituminous coal through much of the 20th century. The National Heritage Area recognizes the area's cultural and historic qualities and serves to promote tourism, historic preservation and economic development in the region. The idea of the NCHA was first proposed in the early 1990s by Congressman Nick Rahall, and was established on November 12, 1996 by the 1996 Omnibus Parks and Public Lands Management Act. The", "id": "8963174" }, { "contents": "Muscle Shoals National Heritage Area\n\n\nMuscle Shoals National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the northwestern portion of the U.S. state of Alabama. It is centered on the portion of the Tennessee River around Muscle Shoals and interprets the region's history and culture. Muscle Shoals National Heritage Area comprises Lauderdale, Limestone, Colbert, Franklin, Lawrence and Morgan counties. Significant features of the heritage area include Wheeler Dam, Wilson Dam, Ivy Green, Rosenbaum House, Barton Hall and the northern end of the Natchez Trace. Muscle Shoals National Heritage Area was", "id": "16977602" }, { "contents": "Deer Creek (Mississippi)\n\n\nDeer Creek (also Issaquena Creek or Lower Deer Creek) is a creek in the U.S. state of Mississippi. Its source is Lake Bolivar, in Scott, Bolivar County, Mississippi. As Deer Creek flows south through the Mississippi Delta, it passes through the following counties: Bolivar, Washington, Sharkey, Issaquena, and Warren; and through the following communities: Metcalfe, Stoneville, Leland, Burdett, Arcola, Hollandale, Panther Burn, Nitta Yuma, Anguilla, Rolling Fork, Cary, Onward, and Valley Park.", "id": "1520113" }, { "contents": "Money, Mississippi\n\n\nMoney is an unincorporated Mississippi Delta community near Greenwood in Leflore County, Mississippi, United States. It has fewer than 100 residents, down from 400 in the early 1950s when a cotton mill operated there. Money is located on a railroad line along the Tallahatchie River, a tributary of the Yazoo River in the eastern part of the Mississippi Delta. The community has ZIP code 38945 in the Greenwood, Mississippi micropolitan area. Money is the site of the 1955 lynching of 14-year-old Emmett Till by white men, an event", "id": "15040548" }, { "contents": "Sharkey County, Mississippi\n\n\nSharkey County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. Part of the western border is formed by the Yazoo River. According to the 2010 census, the population was 4,916, making it the second-least populous county in Mississippi. Its county seat is Rolling Fork. The county is named after William L. Sharkey, the provisional Governor of Mississippi in 1865. Sharkey County is located in the Mississippi Delta region. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of , of which is land", "id": "10555635" }, { "contents": "Oil Region National Heritage Area\n\n\nOil Region National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the northwestern portion of the U.S. state of Pennsylvania. The national heritage area commemorates and promotes the region surrounding Edwin Drake's oil well of 1859 near Titusville, which gave rise to the modern oil industry. The national heritage area includes all of Venango County and a portion of Crawford County, including Titusville and Oil Creek Township The Oil Region National Heritage Area was established by Public Law 108-447 in 2004. It is administered by the Oil Region Alliance.", "id": "17389123" }, { "contents": "Delta National Forest\n\n\nDelta National Forest is a U.S. National Forest in western Mississippi, located in Sharkey County, and has an area of . Delta is operated as the Sunflower Wildlife Management Area. The forest is headquartered in Jackson, as are all six National Forests in Mississippi, but Delta Ranger District office is located in Rolling Fork. It is one of only six National Forests that are contained entirely within a single county and the only bottomland hardwood forest in the National Forest system. The Green Ash-Overcup Oak-Sweetgum Research Natural Areas within", "id": "3631940" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\ninfluences in the Mississippi River Delta. They continue to shape preferences of food, music, and art, as well as to maintain the unique identities existing in the southernmost parts of the region. Both cultures speak a form of French; but they are considered to be autonomous and distinct dialects. From 1910–1920, New Orleans became the birthplace of jazz and since has continued its legacy of being home to budding musicians and new musical experiences, tying music directly to its unique culture and diverse heritage. The origins of jazz and blues", "id": "16619580" }, { "contents": "Journey Through Hallowed Ground National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Journey Through Hallowed Ground National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in portions of Pennsylvania, West Virginia, Maryland and Virginia, in the eastern United States. The Journey Through Hallowed Ground National Heritage Area was established on May 8, 2008 by Public Law 110-229, the Consolidated Natural Resources Act of 2008.The designation provides a framework for the promotion and interpretation of the area's cultural and historic character, with particular emphasis on the region's role in the American Civil War, and the preservation of the natural", "id": "13516660" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta\n\n\nThe Mississippi Delta, also known as the Yazoo-Mississippi Delta, is the distinctive northwest section of the U.S. state of Mississippi (and portions of Arkansas and Louisiana) which lies between the Mississippi and Yazoo Rivers. The region has been called \"The Most Southern Place on Earth\" (\"Southern\" in the sense of \"characteristic of its region, the American South\"), because of its unique racial, cultural, and economic history. It is long and across at its widest point, encompassing about , or", "id": "15159888" }, { "contents": "Freedom's Way National Heritage Area\n\n\nFreedom's Way National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing portions of northern Massachusetts and southern New Hampshire. The heritage area includes sites significant to the American Revolution, cultural sites associated with Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau, and Native American sites. The heritage area seeks to preserve the region's landscape and historic structures. The National Heritage Area includes Minute Man National Historical Park, portions of Middlesex and Worcester counties in Massachusetts, and portions of Hillsborough County, New Hampshire, an area including a total of", "id": "14966358" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta\n\n\nside of the Mississippi River, another area of high poverty). The 1990s state legalization of casino gambling in Mississippi has boosted the Delta's economy, particularly in the areas of Tunica and Vicksburg. A large cultural influence in the region is its history of hunting and fishing. Hunting in the Delta is primarily for game such as whitetail deer, wild turkey, and waterfowl, along with many small game species (squirrel, rabbit, dove, quail, raccoon, etc.) For many years, the hunting and fishing", "id": "15159912" }, { "contents": "Baltimore National Heritage Area\n\n\nBaltimore National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing portions of Baltimore, Maryland, USA. The designated area includes the central portion of the city, waterfront, inner neighborhoods and portions of the city's park system. The district includes Fort McHenry and the Inner Harbor, as well as portions of the Charles Street, Falls Road, National Historic Seaport and Star Spangled Banner Maryland Scenic Byways. The Baltimore National Heritage Area was established on March 30, 2009 by the Omnibus Public Land Management Act of 2009 (§", "id": "8582841" }, { "contents": "B.B. King Museum\n\n\nThe B.B. King Museum and Delta Interpretive Center is a Delta blues museum with the mission to \"empower, unite and heal through music, art and education and share with the world the rich cultural heritage of the Mississippi Delta.\" The museum, named for blues legend, B.B. King, is located in his hometown of Indianola, Mississippi, in the United States. The B.B. King Museum and Delta Interpretive Center opened in Indianola Mississippi on September 13, 2008. The museum features a restored brick cotton gin building in which B.B.", "id": "17262603" }, { "contents": "Louise, Mississippi\n\n\nLouise is a town in Humphreys County, Mississippi. The population was 199 at the 2010 census, down from 315 at the 2000 census. Louise is located in southern Humphreys County at (32.981549, -90.591624), along Silver Creek in the Mississippi Delta region. Mississippi Highway 149 passes just east of the town, leading north to U.S. Route 49W at Silver City and south via Mississippi Highway 16 to Yazoo City. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town of Louise has a total area of , all land.", "id": "2222822" }, { "contents": "Arkansas Delta\n\n\nblues and gospel traditions. The East Central Delta area has produced a small number of talented and influential R&B artists. Arkansas's blues Influence, shares a rich heritage with Mississippi and Memphis, Tennessee. Arkansas was home to numerous blues masters, who are held in high esteem by newer generations learning blues history. Arkansas blues artists influenced decades of pop culture music by such artists as Muddy Waters, Little Milton, B.B. King, Eric Clapton, Jeff Beck, Joe Bonamassa, Stevie Ray Vaughan, George Harrison and the Rolling Stones", "id": "6558115" }, { "contents": "Cruger, Mississippi\n\n\nCruger is a town in Holmes County, Mississippi, United States. The population was 386 at the 2010 census, down from 449 at the 2000 census. Cruger is in the northwest corner of Holmes County, in the Mississippi Delta region along U.S. Route 49E. Greenwood is north of Cruger via US 49E, and Yazoo City is to the south. According to the United States Census Bureau, Cruger has a total area of , all land. As of the census of 2000, there were 449 people, 161 households, and", "id": "2222747" }, { "contents": "Carroll County, Mississippi\n\n\nCarroll County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 10,597. Its county seats are Carollton and Vaiden. The county is named for Charles Carroll of Carrollton, the last surviving signatory of the U.S. Declaration of Independence. Carroll County is part of the Greenwood, Micropolitan Statistical Area. Bordered by the Yazoo River on the west and the Big Black River to the east, it is considered within the Mississippi Delta region. Most of its land is in the hill country", "id": "10611479" }, { "contents": "Minter City, Mississippi\n\n\nMinter City is an unincorporated community located in Leflore County and in Tallahatchie County, Mississippi. It is part of the Greenwood, Mississippi micropolitan area, and is within the Mississippi Delta. Mississippi Highway 8 intersects U.S. Route 49E southwest of Minter City, and the Tallahatchie River flows to the east. There is a post office located on U.S. Route 49E, with a ZIP code of 38944. Variant names for the original settlement were \"Walnut Place Landing\" and \"Minter City Landing\". Spanish explorer Hernando de Soto may have", "id": "12467995" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta AVA\n\n\nThe Mississippi Delta AVA is an American Viticultural Area on the left (east) bank of the Mississippi River, between Memphis, Tennessee, and Vicksburg, Mississippi. It includes portions of the Mississippi Delta and the watershed of the lower Mississippi River in the U.S. states of Louisiana (west bank), Mississippi, and Tennessee. Since the creation of the AVA in 1984, there has been very little viticulture in the Mississippi Delta region. Mississippi State University established an enology laboratory to research grape cultivation in the area, but little", "id": "16585963" }, { "contents": "Greenwood, Mississippi\n\n\nGreenwood is a city in and the county seat of Leflore County, Mississippi, located at the eastern edge of the Mississippi Delta, approximately 96 miles north of the state capital, Jackson, Mississippi, and 130 miles south of the riverport of Memphis, Tennessee. It was a center of cotton planter culture in the 19th century. The population was 16,087 at the 2010 census. It is the principal city of the Greenwood Micropolitan Statistical Area. Greenwood developed at the confluence of the Tallahatchie and the Yalobusha rivers, which form the", "id": "3378194" }, { "contents": "Bolivar County, Mississippi\n\n\nBolivar County ( ) is a county located on the western border of the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 34,145. Its county seats are Rosedale and Cleveland. The county is named in honor of Simón Bolívar, early 19th-century leader of the liberation of several South American colonies from Spain. The Cleveland, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area includes all of Bolivar County. It is located in the Mississippi Delta, or Yazoo Basin, of Mississippi. This area was first developed for cotton plantations", "id": "10611493" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nmusic in the region is closely connected to the Mississippi River and the delta, as the location allowed for an influx of cultural influences, including blues and bluegrass music from upriver, to the African and Latin folk hymns and music from the Caribbean islands. The delta is still synonymous with the sounds of jazz, funk and zydeco and remains to be an important cultural hub for new sounds and music, bringing thousands to the area every year to experience the lifestyle and participate in the natural rhythms of the area. The region is", "id": "16619581" }, { "contents": "Essex National Heritage Commission\n\n\nThe Essex National Heritage Commission (ENHC) is a non-profit organization charted to oversee the Essex National Heritage Area, a National Heritage Area composed of all of Essex County, Massachusetts. The commission promotes the cultural heritage with public and private partnerships and with the National Park Service by developing programs that enhance, preserve and encourage regional awareness of the area's unique historic, cultural and natural resources. The commission is based in Salem. The organization has sponsored a number of events and programs that celebrate the region’s history,", "id": "16440799" }, { "contents": "Blue Ridge National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Blue Ridge National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing the twenty-five westernmost counties of North Carolina, which are associated with the Blue Ridge Mountains. The designation provides a framework for the promotion and interpretation of the area's cultural and historic character, and the preservation of the natural and built environment. The National Heritage Area includes the North Carolina portions of Great Smoky Mountains National Park and the Blue Ridge Parkway. Other attractions include Mount Mitchell in Pisgah National Forest, Nantahala National Forest and the North Carolina", "id": "9719864" }, { "contents": "Poverty Point\n\n\nPoverty Point State Historic Site (; 16 WC 5) is a prehistoric earthwork constructed by the Poverty Point culture. The Poverty Point site is located in present-day northeastern Louisiana though evidence of the Poverty Point culture extends throughout much of the Southeastern United States. The culture extended across the Mississippi Delta and south to the Gulf Coast. The Poverty Point site has been designated as a U.S. National Monument, a U.S. National Historic Landmark, and UNESCO World Heritage Site. Located in the Southern United States, the site is from the", "id": "10100047" }, { "contents": "Geography of Arkansas\n\n\nState Park, Delta Heritage Trail State Park, Felsenthal National Wildlife Refuge, Lake Chicot State Park, Mississippi River State Park, Overflow National Wildlife Refuge and White River National Wildlife Refuge. The flat topography and fertile soils of Southeast Arkansas have been important to the region throughout its history, first to the Native American that inhabited the region. This history is available today at museums like the Pine Bluff/Jefferson County Historical Museum. The area was one of the first explored and settled in Arkansas; including the territorial capital at Arkansas", "id": "17334085" }, { "contents": "Tchula, Mississippi\n\n\nhad vanished, partly due to increased use of machines in agriculture. Many businesses formerly in the town had disappeared. Tchula is in western Holmes County along Tchula Lake, an old river channel in the Mississippi Delta region of the state. U.S. Route 49E passes through the center of town, leading north to Greenwood and southwest to Yazoo. Mississippi Highway 12 leads southeast from Tchula to Lexington, the Holmes County seat. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of , of which , or 2.31", "id": "2222794" }, { "contents": "Freedom's Frontier National Heritage Area\n\n\nFreedom's Frontier National Heritage Area, Inc. (FFNHA) is a federally designated U.S. National Heritage Area located in eastern Kansas and Western Missouri. This heritage area preserves, conserves, and interprets historic and cultural landscapes pertaining to: the shaping of the frontier, the Missouri-Kansas Border War, and the enduring struggle for freedom. FFNHA was authorized on October 12, 2006, with the passage of the National Heritage Areas Act of 2006. The management plan for the heritage area was approved by the Board of Trustees on June", "id": "353294" }, { "contents": "Sunflower County, Mississippi\n\n\nSunflower County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 29,450. Its largest city and county seat is Indianola. Sunflower County comprises the Indianola, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is included in the Cleveland-Indianola, MS Combined Statistical Area. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region. Sunflower Country was created in 1844. The land mass encompassed most of Sunflower and Leflore Counties as we know them today. The first seat of government was Clayton, located near", "id": "10555603" }, { "contents": "Atchafalaya National Heritage Area\n\n\nAtchafalaya National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing parts of fourteen parishes along the Atchafalaya River in the U.S. State of Louisiana. The heritage area extends the length of the Atchafalaya Basin from the area of Ferriday in the north to the river's mouth beyond Morgan City. The National Heritage Area is divided into four regions: Upper, Between 2 Rivers, Bayou Teche Corridor and the Coastal Zone. The designation provides a framework for the promotion and interpretation of the area's cultural and historic character, and the preservation", "id": "9171577" }, { "contents": "Niagara Falls National Heritage Area\n\n\nNiagara Falls National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing the Niagara Falls region of the U.S. State of New York. The heritage area includes the communities of Niagara Falls, Youngstown and Lewiston. The designation provides a framework for the promotion and interpretation of the area's cultural and historic character, and the preservation of the natural and built environment. The heritage area designation recognizes the area's importance to Native Americans, to early European explorers of America, the American Revolution, the War of 1812 and the area's", "id": "9115304" }, { "contents": "Warren County, Mississippi\n\n\nWarren County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 48,773. Its county seat is Vicksburg. Created by legislative act of 22 December 1809, Warren County is named for American Revolutionary War officer Joseph Warren. Part of the Mississippi Delta and the historic cotton culture, Warren County is included in the Vicksburg, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Jackson-Vicksburg-Brookhaven, MS Combined Statistical Area. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the", "id": "10555530" }, { "contents": "Greenwood, Mississippi micropolitan area\n\n\nThe Greenwood Micropolitan Statistical Area is a micropolitan area in the northwestern Delta region of Mississippi that covers two counties - Leflore and Carroll. As of the 2000 census, the μSA had a population of 48,716 (though a July 1, 2009 estimate placed the population at 44,841). As of the census of 2000, there were 48,716 people, 17,027 households, and 11,956 families residing within the μSA. The racial makeup of the μSA was 37.22% White, 60.85% African American, 0.10% Native American, 0.54% Asian", "id": "8919330" }, { "contents": "James Thomas (blues musician)\n\n\n\". In 1985, his work was featured in the prestigious Corcoran Gallery in Washington, D.C., where he was introduced to Nancy Reagan, then the First Lady. Thomas's skulls are on display in the Delta Blues Museum, in Clarksdale, Mississippi, and the Highway 61 Blues Museum, in Leland, Mississippi. Thomas played at numerous blues festivals and private parties throughout the area, including the Mississippi Delta Blues and Heritage Festival in Greenville. In the 1970s, Eddie Cusic performed with Thomas at regular engagements. Together they", "id": "17330513" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nand is an important coastal region for the United States, containing more than of coastal wetlands and 37% of the estuarine marsh in the conterminous U.S. The coastal area is the nation's largest drainage basin and drains about 41% of the contiguous United States into the Gulf of Mexico at an average rate of . The modern Mississippi River Delta formed over the last approximately 4,500 years as the Mississippi River deposited sand, clay and silt along its banks and in adjacent basins. The Mississippi River Delta is a river-dominated delta system", "id": "16619564" }, { "contents": "Arabia Mountain National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Arabia Mountain National Heritage Area is a National Heritage Area in the U.S. state of Georgia that encompasses natural, cultural, and historical elements to form a cohesive, nationally significant environment. The area is due east of Atlanta and spans reaching from the historic commercial center of Lithonia to the Monastery of the Holy Spirit in Conyers, including a number of sites in between, including Panola Mountain State Park, Davidson-Arabia Mountain Nature Preserve, the Mall at Stonecrest, and more. The Heritage Area was established in 2006, and", "id": "352970" }, { "contents": "Sangre de Cristo National Heritage Area\n\n\nSangre de Cristo National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the south central portion of the U.S. state of Colorado. The heritage area includes the San Luis Valley and portions of the Sangre de Cristo Range. The region combines influences of Anglo-American, Hispano-American and Native American influences. It also includes portions of the upper Rio Grande valley. The national heritage area includes Alamosa, Costilla, and Conejos counties, and portions of Saguache and Rio Grande counties. It also includes within its boundaries Great Sand", "id": "17389640" }, { "contents": "Delta State–Mississippi College football rivalry\n\n\nThe Delta State–Mississippi College football rivalry, commonly known as the Heritage Bell Classic, is a college football rivalry game between a public university and a private Christian college in the U.S. state of Mississippi, the Delta State University Statesmen and the Mississippi College Choctaws. The current winner is Delta State, who won, 28–21, on November 10, 2018. Delta State leads the all-time series, 22–15–2. The Delta State Statesmen were co-founding members of the Gulf South Conference in 1970. Mississippi College joined the", "id": "15797675" }, { "contents": "Delta blues\n\n\nDelta blues is one of the earliest-known styles of blues music. It originated in the Mississippi Delta, a region of the U.S. stretching from Memphis, Tennessee, in the north to Vicksburg, Mississippi, in the south and from Helena, Arkansas, in the west to the Yazoo River in the east. The Mississippi Delta is famous for its fertile soil and for its poverty. Delta blues is regarded as a regional variant of country blues. Guitar and harmonica are its dominant instruments; slide guitar is a hallmark of", "id": "7794018" }, { "contents": "Arkansas Delta\n\n\na decline. Charles Bowden of \"National Geographic\" wrote, \"By 1970 the sharecropping world was already disappearing, and the landscape of today—huge fields, giant machines, battered towns, few people—beginning to emerge.\" The Arkansas Delta is known for its rich musical heritage. While defined primarily by its deep blues/gospel roots, it is distinguished somewhat from its Mississippi Delta counterpart by more intricately interwoven country music and R&B elements. Arkansas blues musicians have defined every genre of blues from its inception, including", "id": "6558110" }, { "contents": "Greenwood High School (Mississippi)\n\n\nGreenwood High School is a public high school located in Greenwood, Leflore County, in the U.S. state of Mississippi. The school is part of the Greenwood Public School District. Greenwood, Mississippi, is a town of slightly over 15,000 residents located on the banks of the Yazoo River about south of Memphis, Tennessee, and about north of Jackson, Mississippi. The city and county are named after Greenwood Leflore, the designated leader of the Choctaw nation who ceded Mississippi land under pressure of the 1830 Indian Removal Act to the United", "id": "4541464" }, { "contents": "Upper Housatonic Valley National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Upper Housatonic Valley National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the U.S. states of Connecticut and Massachusetts. The heritage area interprets and promotes the historical, cultural and scenic features of the upper Housatonic River valley in the western part of both states. The heritage area focuses on five themes: the area's role as a resort for writers, artists, actors and musicians, the scenic landscape, the area's role in industry, the American Revolutionary War, and the social and religious groups associated with the area", "id": "17597179" }, { "contents": "National Heritage Area\n\n\nA National Heritage Area is a site designated by United States and intended to encourage historic preservation of the area and an appreciation of the history and heritage of the site. There are currently 55 National Heritage Areas, some of which use variations of the title, such as National Heritage Corridor. National Heritage Areas (NHAs) are not National Park Service units or federally owned or managed land. NHAs are administered by state governments or non-profit organizations or other private corporations, referred to as \"local coordinating entities\". The", "id": "2301876" }, { "contents": "Lackawanna Heritage Valley National and State Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Lackawanna Heritage Valley National and State Heritage Area is a state and federally designated National Heritage Area in northeastern Pennsylvania. It was initially established in 1991 as the first State Heritage Park in Pennsylvania, and was additionally designated a National Heritage Area in 2000. The designations recognize the area's heritage of industry, architecture, history and natural resources, and provide a framework for development and promotion of these features. The Lackawanna Heritage Valley National and State Heritage Area is managed by the Lackawanna Heritage Valley Authority, or LHVA. The National", "id": "16220344" }, { "contents": "Kenai Mountains – Turnagain Arm National Heritage Area\n\n\nKenai Mountains – Turnagain Arm National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the U.S. state of Alaska. The heritage area extends across the northern part of the Kenai Peninsula, immediately to the north and east of Kenai Fjords National Park. The designation recognizes the area's unique cultural, scenic and historical features and provides a unified organization for promotion of the area's attractions. The Kenai Mountains – Turnagain Arm National Heritage Area (KMTA) includes the road corridor between Seward and Hope and Whittier, from Resurrection Bay in", "id": "16167272" }, { "contents": "Mayersville, Mississippi\n\n\nMayersville is a town on the east bank of the Mississippi River, and the county seat for Issaquena County, Mississippi, United States. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region, known for cotton cultivation in the antebellum era. Once the trading center for the county, the town was superseded when railroads were built into the area. The population of the majority-black town was 547 at the 2010 census, down from 795 at the 2000 census. Native Americans had lived in this area since prehistoric times. The Mayersville", "id": "2222833" }, { "contents": "Crenshaw, Mississippi\n\n\nCrenshaw is a town in Panola and Quitman counties in the U.S. state of Mississippi. The population was 916 at the 2000 census. Crenshaw is located at (34.502661, -90.195841). Most of the town is in Panola County with a small portion on the west side in Quitman County. In the 2000 census, 697 of the town's 916 residents (76.1%) lived in Panola County and 219 (23.9%) in Quitman County. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of", "id": "17931693" }, { "contents": "Panola County, Mississippi\n\n\nPanola County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 34,707. Its county seats are Sardis and Batesville. Panola is the anglicization of \"ponolo\", a word meaning thread in both old Choctaw and Chickasaw and cotton in modern Choctaw. The county is located just east of the Mississippi Delta and bisected by the Tallahatchie River flowing to the southwest, separating the two county seats. Panola County was established February 9, 1836, and is one of the twelve large", "id": "10555705" }, { "contents": "MotorCities National Heritage Area\n\n\nMotorCities National Heritage Area or Motor Cities National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area that commemorates and promotes the automobile industry in Metro Detroit, with portions of 16 counties in southern Michigan, United States. The scope of the heritage area includes sites and events relating to the motor industry as well as the industry's impact on labor, society and the environment. The heritage area comprises more than 1200 automotive-related sites, including the Henry Ford Museum, Fair Lane, various Ford plants, the Automotive Hall of Fame", "id": "16976479" }, { "contents": "Great Basin National Heritage Area\n\n\nGreat Basin National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in Nevada and Utah, including White Pine County, Nevada and Millard County, Utah. The area was designated to recognize and promote the scenic and cultural resources associated with this central portion of the Great Basin. The National Heritage Area includes Great Basin National Park and portions of Humboldt-Toiyabe and Fishlake National Forests, as well as Fort Deseret, Sevier Lake and the Topaz War Relocation Center. Great Basin National Heritage Area was designated on October 13, 2006.", "id": "15909144" }, { "contents": "Crowder, Mississippi\n\n\nCrowder is a town in Panola and Quitman counties in the state of Mississippi. The population was 766 at the 2000 census. Most of Crowder is in Quitman County with a portion on the east in adjacent Panola County. In the 2000 census, 462 of the town's 766 residents (60.3%) lived in Quitman County and 304 (39.7%) in Panola County. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 0.4 square miles (1.2 km², all land. As of the", "id": "17931698" }, { "contents": "Rivers of Steel National Heritage Area\n\n\nRivers of Steel National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in southwestern Pennsylvania, centered on Pittsburgh and oriented around the interpretation and promotion of the region's steel-making heritage. The area roughly covers the valleys of the Ohio, Monongahela and lower Allegheny rivers. Major interpretive locations include the Carrie Furnace, Pinkerton's Landing Bridge and other features of the Homestead Steel Works. The national heritage area comprises Allegheny, Armstrong, Beaver, Butler, Greene, Fayette, Washington and Westmoreland counties. Rivers of Steel National Heritage", "id": "17389345" }, { "contents": "Crowley's Ridge Parkway\n\n\nroute which allowed the traveler to experience the Southern heritage of the area. The National Scenic Byway designation came the following year, with an extension into Missouri in 2000. The majority of the route is in Arkansas, and the parkway begins in Phillips County, Arkansas, in Helena-West Helena very near the Helena Bridge over the Mississippi River. Beginning at US Route 49 (US 49) and running north with US 49 Business (US 49B), the route passes historic properties including the Delta Cultural Center, the Jerome", "id": "1149985" }, { "contents": "Issaquena County, Mississippi\n\n\nIssaquena County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 1,406, making it the least populous county in the United States east of the Mississippi River. Its county seat is Mayersville. With a per-capita income of $18,598, Issaquena County is the poorest county in the United States. Issaquena County is located in the Mississippi Delta region. The Mississippi River flows along the entire western boundary of the county, and many of the earliest communities were river ports.", "id": "10611264" }, { "contents": "Delta Regional Authority\n\n\n, Mississippi; Tunica County, Mississippi; Union County, Mississippi; Walthall County, Mississippi; Warren County, Mississippi; Washington County, Mississippi; Wilkinson County, Mississippi; Yalobusha County, Mississippi; Yazoo County, Mississippi Missouri Bollinger County, Missouri; Butler County, Missouri; Cape Girardeau County, Missouri; Carter County, Missouri; Crawford County, Missouri; Dent County, Missouri; Douglas County, Missouri; Dunklin County, Missouri; Howell County, Missouri; Iron County, Missouri; Madison County, Missouri; Mississippi", "id": "11170385" }, { "contents": "Tunica County, Mississippi\n\n\nTunica County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 10,778. Its county seat is Tunica. The county is named for the Tunica Native Americans. Most migrated to central Louisiana during the colonial period. Tunica County is part of the Memphis, TN-MS-AR Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region. Since the late 20th century, it is known for Tunica Resorts (formerly Robinsonville), an unincorporated community that is the site", "id": "10555567" }, { "contents": "Emmett Till\n\n\nin the Mississippi Delta are memorialized as associated with Till. Emmett Till was born in 1941 in Chicago; he was the son of Mamie Carthan (1921–2003) and Louis Till (1922–1945). Emmett's mother Mamie was born in the small Delta town of Webb, Mississippi. The Delta region encompasses the large, multi-county area of northwestern Mississippi in the watershed of the Yazoo and Mississippi rivers. When Carthan was two years old, her family moved to Argo, Illinois, as part of the Great Migration of rural", "id": "2570054" }, { "contents": "History of New Orleans\n\n\nUnion during the Civil War. With its rich and unique cultural and architectural heritage, it remains a major destination for tourism, conventions, and major sports events, even after the major destruction and loss of life resulting from Hurricane Katrina in 2005. The land mass that was to become the city of New Orleans was formed around 2200 BC when the Mississippi River deposited silt creating the delta region. Before Europeans founded the settlement, the area was inhabited by Native Americans for about 1300 years. The Mississippian culture peoples built mounds and", "id": "3084005" }, { "contents": "B.B. King Museum\n\n\nKing worked in the 1940s. The museum also contains an extensive collection of artifacts owned by King and displays exhibits about his life and the lives of other musicians of the delta region and the culture where the blues arose. The museum commemorates the famous blues artist, B.B King, who was from the Mississippi Delta. The museum has multiple exhibits highlighting King's Delta Blue music. Exhibits include interactive exhibits, King memorabilia, and stories. The museum seeks to help preserve Delta Blues and its culture by promoting its importance. In", "id": "17262604" }, { "contents": "Missouri Bootheel\n\n\nwrites: Given the population in the area, even a moderately sized earthquake would be disastrous. The Bootheel (pronounced Boothill in the region) is on the edge of the Mississippi Delta culture that produced the Delta blues. Its relatively large black population makes it distinct from the rest of rural Missouri. The area has a unique rural black culture reflected in its music, churches and other traditions. The black population ranges from about 26% in Pemiscot County, to 15% in New Madrid County, and about 9% in", "id": "12618286" }, { "contents": "Moorhead, Mississippi\n\n\nMoorhead is a city in Sunflower County, Mississippi. As of the 2000 census, the city population was 2,573. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of , of which is land and 0.77% is water. Moorhead is along U.S. Route 82, east of Indianola. Moorhead is located at the intersection of the Southern and Yazoo Delta railroads. This is the origin of the legendary blues crossroads phrase \"where the Southern cross the Dog\". As of the 2010 United States Census,", "id": "2223816" }, { "contents": "Blanche Bruce\n\n\nsteamboat porter on the Mississippi River. In 1864, he moved to Hannibal, Missouri, where he established a school for black children. In 1868, during Reconstruction, Bruce relocated to Bolivar near Cleveland in northwestern Mississippi, at which he purchased a Mississippi Delta plantation. He became a wealthy landowner of several thousand acres in the Mississippi Delta. He was appointed to the positions of Tallahatchie County registrar of voters and tax assessor before he won an election for sheriff in Bolivar County. He later was elected to other county positions,", "id": "13640962" }, { "contents": "Delta, Mississippi\n\n\nDelta is a ghost town in Coahoma County, Mississippi, United States. Once a thriving port on the Mississippi River, Delta today is covered by farmland and a portion of the Mississippi Levee. Nothing remains of the original settlement. The county seat was moved from Port Royal to Delta in 1842. In 1844, Delta was surveyed and laid off into lots. The town had a population of about 700, and was a busy steamboat port. Delta incorporated in 1848. That same year, the river flooded the town,", "id": "8584565" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nbenefits that are unique to the region. These vital resources are at constant risk of being lost with the continual land loss and the decreasing size of the natural coastal area. The Mississippi River Delta has a strong economy which relies heavily on tourism and recreational activities such as fishing, hunting and wildlife watching as well as commercial fishing, oil, gas, and shipping industries. There are a number of major industries in the Mississippi River Delta that drive the local and national economy, including: In total, the five Gulf Coast", "id": "16619584" }, { "contents": "Holmes County, Mississippi\n\n\nHolmes County is a county in the U.S. state of Mississippi; its western border is formed by the Yazoo River and the eastern border by the Big Black River. The western part of the county is within the Yazoo-Mississippi Delta. As of the 2010 census, the population was 19,198. Its county seat is Lexington. The county is named in honor of David Holmes, territorial governor and the first governor of the state of Mississippi and later United States Senator for Mississippi. A favorite son, Edmond Favor Noel, was", "id": "10611282" }, { "contents": "Greenville, Mississippi\n\n\nGreenville is a city in, and the county seat of, Washington County, Mississippi, United States. The population was 34,400 at the 2010 census. It is located in the area of historic cotton plantations and culture known as the Mississippi Delta. This area was occupied by indigenous peoples for thousands of years. When the French explored here, they encountered the historic Natchez people. As part of their colony known as \"La Louisiane\", the French established a settlement at what became Natchez, Mississippi. Other Native American tribes", "id": "2224007" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nartery. In addition to shipping, local and commercial fisheries continued to expand. The discovery of vast oil and gas deposits brought further economic and environmental changes to the delta. Despite these profound changes, the delta today remains very much rooted in the vibrant cultural and social traditions of its residents. The Mississippi River Delta is home to more than two million people. The location of the delta at the mouth of the Mississippi River allowed for the area to be a cultural gateway into the United States, and influenced the mix of", "id": "16619576" }, { "contents": "Essex Heritage\n\n\nEssex Heritage is a non-profit organization charted to promote the cultural heritage of Essex County in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. Working with both public and private partnerships and with the National Park Service, the group supports and develops programs that enhance, preserve and encourage regional awareness of the area’s unique historic, cultural and natural resources. Headquartered in Salem, Massachusetts, the Commission services the 34 communities of Essex County. It has been recognized by the United States Congress in recognition of the important role that this region played in American", "id": "16609234" }, { "contents": "Washington County, Mississippi\n\n\nWashington County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 51,137. Its county seat is Greenville. The county is named in honor of the first President of the United States, George Washington. The Greenville, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area includes all of Washington County. It is located in the Mississippi Delta. Located in the Mississippi Delta, Washington County was first developed for cotton cultivation in the antebellum years. Most plantations were developed to have access to the rivers, which", "id": "10555522" }, { "contents": "Mississippi\n\n\nIsland. The northwest remainder of the state consists of the Mississippi Delta, a section of the Mississippi Alluvial Plain. The plain is narrow in the south and widens north of Vicksburg. The region has rich soil, partly made up of silt which had been regularly deposited by the flood waters of the Mississippi River. Areas under the management of the National Park Service include: Mississippi City Population Rankings of at least 50,000 (United States Census Bureau as of 2017): Mississippi City Population Rankings of at least 20,000 but fewer than", "id": "21293458" }, { "contents": "Belzoni, Mississippi\n\n\nBelzoni ( ) is a city in Humphreys County, Mississippi, in the Mississippi Delta region, on the Yazoo River. The population was 2,235 at the 2010 census. It is the county seat of Humphreys County. It was named for the 19th-century Italian archaeologist/explorer Giovanni Battista Belzoni. The area was named Farm-Raised Catfish Capital of the World in 1976 by then Governor Cliff Finch, since it produces more farm-raised catfish than any other U.S. county. About of the county are under water in ponds", "id": "2222804" }, { "contents": "2011 Mississippi River floods\n\n\nfrom Vicksburg was cut off for more than two weeks. U.S. Highway 61 between Vicksburg and Port Gibson was closed by backwater flooding along the Big Black River on May 12; it reopened June 1. Another portion of U.S. Highway 61 near Redwood was closed by backwater flooding along the Yazoo River on May 13 and was closed until June 3. In anticipation of major flooding, the U.S. federal government declared 14 counties along the Mississippi River, the Thames River: Adams, Bolivar, Claiborne, Coahoma, DeSoto, Humphreys, Issaquena", "id": "8214155" }, { "contents": "Memphis, Tennessee\n\n\nother places in the world could offer cheaper labor, and the workforce was undereducated for today's challenges. The Memphis Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA), the 42nd largest in the United States, has a 2010 population of 1,316,100 and includes the Tennessee counties of Shelby, Tipton and Fayette; as well as the northern Mississippi counties of DeSoto, Marshall, Tate, and Tunica; and Crittenden County, Arkansas, all part of the Mississippi Delta. The total metropolitan area has a higher proportion of whites and a higher per capita", "id": "4225772" }, { "contents": "Northern Plains National Heritage Area\n\n\nNorthern Plains National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area along an length of the Missouri River in central North Dakota. The heritage area promotes and interprets the scenic, cultural and historic heritage of the region. It extends from Knife River Indian Villages National Historic Site to Huff Indian Village State Historic Site The area interprets the history of the Three Affiliated Tribes, the passage of the Lewis and Clark Expedition, the fur trade, steamboats on the Missouri and Fort Abraham Lincoln. It also interprets the area's association with the", "id": "17044952" }, { "contents": "Tornado outbreak of April 22–25, 2010\n\n\ncrossed the Mississippi River shortly thereafter, and damaged or destroyed numerous homes on the north side of Eagle Lake. The tornado then moved across the Delta National Forest in Issaquena and Sharkey Counties, causing major tree damage. The tornado again caused significant home damage northwest of Satartia, and again as it crossed Highway 3 near the Crupp community. The tornado then moved through rural areas southwest of Yazoo City, causing major damage or total destruction of a number of homes, as well as intense tree damage. As the tornado approached the", "id": "5566995" }, { "contents": "Segregation academy\n\n\npercent of Virginia's non-Hispanic white students attended these isolated schools., In Mississippi, many of the segregation academies were first established in the black-majority Mississippi Delta region in northwestern Mississippi. The Delta has historically had a very large majority-black population, related to the history of the use of slave labor on cotton plantations. The potential for integration resulted in white parents' establishing segregation academies in every county in the Delta. Many academies are still operating, from Indianola, Mississippi to Humphreys County. These schools", "id": "16560206" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nnationalities which settled in the area over time, forming the diversity of the region. Louisiana's first 18th century colonists were French, but they were soon joined by Spanish and Acadian settlers. The region has been home to other European-immigrant ethnic groups, beginning in the 19th century, including German, Sicilian, and Irish. There are also the Africans, West Indians, and Native Americans in the mix. The combination of these groups over time has created the special culture found in the Mississippi River Delta. Two unique", "id": "16619577" }, { "contents": "Champlain Valley National Heritage Area\n\n\nClinton, Essex, Warren, Saratoga and Washington counties in New York, and Bennington, Rutland, Addison, Chittenden, Franklin and Grand Isle counties in Vermont. Attractions located within the National Heritage Area include Fort Ticonderoga, the Lake Champlain Maritime Museum, Saratoga National Historical Park, portions of Adirondack Park and Green Mountain National Forest, Missisquoi National Wildlife Refuge and the Lake Champlain Underwater Historic Preserves. The Champlain Valley National Heritage Area was established by the Champlain Valley National Heritage Act of 2005. It is administered by the Champlain Valley", "id": "9913189" }, { "contents": "Atchafalaya National Heritage Area\n\n\nof the natural and built environment. The heritage area designation recognizes the area's unique environment and culture, and its contributions to music, English and French language, literature, and cuisine. Major locales included in the Heritage Area include Avery Island, New Iberia, Morgan City, Lafayette, Opelousas, Baton Rouge, Plaquemine and Houma. Jean Lafitte National Historical Park, Longfellow-Evangeline State Historic Site and Plaquemine Lock State Historic Site are included in the heritage area, as well as the Louisiana State Museum branches in Baton Rouge", "id": "9171578" }, { "contents": "Bryant Clark\n\n\nBryant W. Clark (born October 31, 1974) is an American politician from the state of Mississippi. A member of the Democratic Party, Clark is a member of the Mississippi House of Representatives, and represents the 47th district. He has served in the Mississippi House since 2004. The district includes parts of Attala, Holmes and Yazoo counties, which is located in central Mississippi. The district comprises both the Hills and Mississippi Delta regions of the state. Clark is a lifelong resident of Ebenezer, located in southern Holmes County", "id": "18412525" }, { "contents": "Louisiana African American Heritage Trail\n\n\nLouisiana African American Heritage Trail () is a cultural heritage trail with 26 sites designated in 2008 by the state of Louisiana, from New Orleans along the Mississippi River to Baton Rouge and Shreveport, with sites in small towns and plantations also included. In New Orleans several sites are within a walking area. Auto travel is required to reach sites outside the city. A variety of African-American museums devoted to art, history and culture are on the \"trail\", as is the Cane River Creole National Historical Park,", "id": "6088712" }, { "contents": "Delta Blues Museum\n\n\nThe Delta Blues Museum in Clarksdale, Mississippi, United States exists to collect, preserve, and provide public access to and awareness of the blues. Along with holdings of significant blues-related memorabilia, the museum also exhibits and collects art portraying the blues tradition, including works by sculptor Floyd Shaman and photographer Birney Imes. The museum is located in the Yazoo and Mississippi Valley Passenger Depot, also known as Illinois Central Passenger Depot or Clarksdale Passenger Depot, which was built in 1926 and listed on the National Register of Historic Places", "id": "19201111" }, { "contents": "Clarksdale, Mississippi\n\n\nClarksdale is a city in Coahoma County, Mississippi, United States, and seat of the county. The western boundary of the county is formed by the Mississippi River. Located in the Mississippi Delta region, Clarksdale is an agricultural and trading center. It has been home to many blues musicians. Clarksdale is named after John Clark, who founded the city in the mid-19th century. Choctaw and Chickasaw Indians occupied the Delta region prior to the arrival of European settlers. Clarksdale was developed at the former intersection of two Indian routes:", "id": "2119137" }, { "contents": "Education segregation in the Mississippi Delta\n\n\nThe Mississippi Delta region has had the most segregated schools -- and for the longest time—of any part of the United States. As recently as the 2016–2017 school year, East Side High School in Cleveland, Mississippi, was practically all black: 359 of 360 students were African-American. The Delta region of Mississippi is nineteen counties in the northwest of the state, bounded on the west by the Mississippi River and the south by the Yazoo River. It is a poor region of the country's poorest state. In", "id": "13439199" } ]

[ { "contents": "Mississippi Delta National Heritage Area\n\n\nMississippi Delta National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area that seeks to preserve and promote the landscape, culture and history of the Mississippi Delta in the northwestern portion of the U.S. state of Mississippi. The region is famous for blues music and a unique culture that has had broad influence on music and literature, both in the United States and worldwide. The national heritage area comprises Bolivar, Carroll, Coahoma, Desoto, Holmes, Humphreys, Issaquena, Leflore, Panola, Quitman, Sharkey, Tallahatchie, Tate, Tunica", "id": "16296069" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta\n\n\nyears. The land is flat and contains some of the most fertile soil in the world. It is two hundred miles long and seventy miles across at its widest point, encompassing approximately 4,415,000 acres, or, some 7,000 square miles of alluvial floodplain. On the east, it is bounded by bluffs extending beyond the Yazoo River. It includes all or part of the following counties: Washington, Western DeSoto, Humphreys, Carroll, Issaquena, Western Panola, Quitman, Bolivar, Coahoma, Leflore, Sunflower, Sharkey, Tate", "id": "15159893" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta Community College\n\n\nof Mississippi in April 1928. The name was changed to Mississippi Delta Junior College in 1960 and to Mississippi Delta Community College in 1989. The official service area of the college includes Bolivar, Humphreys, Issaquena, Leflore, Sharkey, Sunflower, and Washington counties. Coahoma County was originally in the college's service area, but the Mississippi Legislature removed it effective July 1, 1995, and it is now served by the Coahoma Community College. The main campus is located in Moorhead, Mississippi. Stauffer-Wood Administration Building houses", "id": "21307039" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Gulf Coast National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Mississippi Gulf Coast National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area along the Gulf coast of Mississippi. The designated area comprises six counties recognized for their unique cultural and scenic qualities. The National Heritage Area designation provides a unified marketing and promotional framework for the region. The National Heritage Area comprises Pearl River, Stone, George, Hancock, Harrison and Jackson counties. It includes the Mississippi portion of Gulf Islands National Seashore. The area was devastated by Hurricane Katrina in 2005. Much of the national heritage area's efforts", "id": "16361240" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Hills National Heritage Area\n\n\nMississippi Hills National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the northeastern portion of the U.S. state of Mississippi. The designation commemorates the region's impact on American culture and its role in the American Civil War and the American civil rights movement. The national heritage area designation provides a unified marketing and promotion framework for the area. The national heritage area covers all of Marshall, Benton, Tippah, Alcorn, Tishomingo, Lafayette, Union, Pontotoc, Lee, Itawamba, Calhoun, Chickasaw and Monroe counties, and those", "id": "17388610" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River floods of 2019\n\n\nwith some inundated by 15 feet of water. The Yazoo Backwater Area in the Mississippi Delta north of Vicksburg, Mississippi, experienced both record flood stages and record duration of flooding during the winter, spring, and summer of 2019. Portions of Warren, Issaquena, Sharkey, Yazoo, Humphreys, and Washington Counties were flooded. Almost half of the land area of Issaquena and Sharkey Counties experienced flooding. In late May, flood waters covered over 860 square miles (550,000 acres or 220,000 hectares), including about 390 square miles", "id": "13577492" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta\n\n\n, Tunica, Tallahatchie, Western Holmes, Western Yazoo, Western Grenada and Warren. Lexington is also part of the delta. The shifting river delta at the mouth of the Mississippi on the Gulf Coast lies some 300 miles south of this area, and is referred to as the Mississippi River Delta. The two should not be confused. Chinese began settling in Bolivar County and other Delta counties as plantation workers in the 1870s, though most Delta Chinese families migrated to the state between the 1900s and 1930s. Most Chinese immigrants worked", "id": "15159894" }, { "contents": "George W. Gayles\n\n\n1882, and then again in 1884 and 1886. In the House, he represented the 28th district, which included Bolivar, Coahoma, and Quitman County.In the Senate, he represented the ninth district, including Bolivar, Calhoun, and Sunflower counties. He was also chairman of the Third district Republican Convention in 1886 in Mississippi consisting of Bolivar, Coahoma, Issaquena, Leflore, Sunflower, Sharkey, Tunica, Quitman, Washington, and Warren counties. He was the only black state senator in Mississippi during his terms and", "id": "20783617" }, { "contents": "Coahoma County, Mississippi\n\n\nCoahoma County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 26,151. Its county seat is Clarksdale. The Clarksdale, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area includes all of Coahoma County. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region of Mississippi. Coahoma County was established February 9, 1836, and is located in the northwestern part of the state in the fertile Yazoo Delta region. The name \"Coahoma\" is a Choctaw word meaning \"red panther.\" The act creating the county", "id": "10611425" }, { "contents": "Delta Regional Authority\n\n\nMississippi; Jefferson Davis County, Mississippi; Lawrence County, Mississippi; Leflore County, Mississippi; Lafayette County, Mississippi; Madison County, Mississippi; Marion County, Mississippi; Lincoln County, Mississippi; Montgomery County, Mississippi; Panola County, Mississippi; Marshall County, Mississippi; Quitman County, Mississippi; Rankin County, Mississippi; Pike County, Mississippi; Smith County, Mississippi; Sunflower County, Mississippi; Sharkey County, Mississippi; Simpson County, Mississippi; Tippah County, Mississippi; Tallahatchie County, Mississippi; Tate County", "id": "11170384" }, { "contents": "Delta Regional Authority\n\n\nLouisiana; Winn Parish, Louisiana Mississippi Adams County, Mississippi; Amite County, Mississippi; Attala County, Mississippi; Benton County, Mississippi; Bolivar County, Mississippi; Carroll County, Mississippi; Claiborne County, Mississippi; Coahoma County, Mississippi; Copiah County, Mississippi; Covington County, Mississippi; DeSoto County, Mississippi; Franklin County, Mississippi; Grenada County, Mississippi; Hinds County, Mississippi; Holmes County, Mississippi; Humphreys County, Mississippi; Issaquena County, Mississippi; Jasper County, Mississippi; Jefferson County,", "id": "11170383" }, { "contents": "South Park National Heritage Area\n\n\nSouth Park National Heritage Area is a U.S. National Heritage Area encompassing the South Park of Colorado. Established on March 30, 2009 by the Omnibus Public Land Management Act of 2009 (§7002), the South Park NHA is managed by the Park County, Colorado Office of Tourism to promote and interpret the area's natural, scenic, and cultural resources. The National Heritage Area designation funds promotion of the area's mining, recreation, and ranching heritage. The National Heritage Area covers the majority of Park County, including the", "id": "8157140" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Civil Rights Museum\n\n\n2017, the Mississippi Department of Archives and History brought in Pam Junior as the new museum Director. Junior came from the Smith Robertson Museum and Cultural Center in Jackson, where she had been manager since 1999. Junior is a member of the board of directors for the Mississippi Delta National Heritage Area and Mississippi Book Festival and a co-founder of the Mississippi Black Theater Festival The museum hired Hilferty & Associates to design exhibits for the museum, which were fabricated by Exhibit Concepts. Monadnock Media designed the audio portions of the exhibits", "id": "6914076" }, { "contents": "Leflore County, Mississippi\n\n\nLeflore County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 32,317. The county seat is Greenwood. The county is named for Choctaw leader Greenwood LeFlore, who signed a treaty to cede his people's land to the United States in exchange for land in Indian Territory. LeFlore stayed in Mississippi, settling on land reserved for him in Tallahatchie County. Leflore County is part of the Greenwood, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region, with", "id": "10611085" }, { "contents": "Tallahatchie County, Mississippi\n\n\nTallahatchie County is a county in the U.S. state of Mississippi. At the 2010 census, the population was 15,378. Its county seats are Charleston and Sumner. Tallahatchie County is located in the Mississippi Delta region, divided by the Tallahatchie River which runs from north to south through the county before joining what becomes the Yazoo River in LeFlore County. The county was founded on December 31, 1833 after most of the Choctaw Nation was forced out under Indian Removal. Tallahatchie is a Choctaw name meaning \"rock of waters\". The", "id": "10555589" }, { "contents": "National Coal Heritage Area\n\n\nThe National Coal Heritage Area (NCHA) is a federally designated region of thirteen counties in West Virginia that were the source of \"smokeless\" bituminous coal through much of the 20th century. The National Heritage Area recognizes the area's cultural and historic qualities and serves to promote tourism, historic preservation and economic development in the region. The idea of the NCHA was first proposed in the early 1990s by Congressman Nick Rahall, and was established on November 12, 1996 by the 1996 Omnibus Parks and Public Lands Management Act. The", "id": "8963174" }, { "contents": "Muscle Shoals National Heritage Area\n\n\nMuscle Shoals National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the northwestern portion of the U.S. state of Alabama. It is centered on the portion of the Tennessee River around Muscle Shoals and interprets the region's history and culture. Muscle Shoals National Heritage Area comprises Lauderdale, Limestone, Colbert, Franklin, Lawrence and Morgan counties. Significant features of the heritage area include Wheeler Dam, Wilson Dam, Ivy Green, Rosenbaum House, Barton Hall and the northern end of the Natchez Trace. Muscle Shoals National Heritage Area was", "id": "16977602" }, { "contents": "Deer Creek (Mississippi)\n\n\nDeer Creek (also Issaquena Creek or Lower Deer Creek) is a creek in the U.S. state of Mississippi. Its source is Lake Bolivar, in Scott, Bolivar County, Mississippi. As Deer Creek flows south through the Mississippi Delta, it passes through the following counties: Bolivar, Washington, Sharkey, Issaquena, and Warren; and through the following communities: Metcalfe, Stoneville, Leland, Burdett, Arcola, Hollandale, Panther Burn, Nitta Yuma, Anguilla, Rolling Fork, Cary, Onward, and Valley Park.", "id": "1520113" }, { "contents": "Money, Mississippi\n\n\nMoney is an unincorporated Mississippi Delta community near Greenwood in Leflore County, Mississippi, United States. It has fewer than 100 residents, down from 400 in the early 1950s when a cotton mill operated there. Money is located on a railroad line along the Tallahatchie River, a tributary of the Yazoo River in the eastern part of the Mississippi Delta. The community has ZIP code 38945 in the Greenwood, Mississippi micropolitan area. Money is the site of the 1955 lynching of 14-year-old Emmett Till by white men, an event", "id": "15040548" }, { "contents": "Sharkey County, Mississippi\n\n\nSharkey County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. Part of the western border is formed by the Yazoo River. According to the 2010 census, the population was 4,916, making it the second-least populous county in Mississippi. Its county seat is Rolling Fork. The county is named after William L. Sharkey, the provisional Governor of Mississippi in 1865. Sharkey County is located in the Mississippi Delta region. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of , of which is land", "id": "10555635" }, { "contents": "Oil Region National Heritage Area\n\n\nOil Region National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the northwestern portion of the U.S. state of Pennsylvania. The national heritage area commemorates and promotes the region surrounding Edwin Drake's oil well of 1859 near Titusville, which gave rise to the modern oil industry. The national heritage area includes all of Venango County and a portion of Crawford County, including Titusville and Oil Creek Township The Oil Region National Heritage Area was established by Public Law 108-447 in 2004. It is administered by the Oil Region Alliance.", "id": "17389123" }, { "contents": "Delta National Forest\n\n\nDelta National Forest is a U.S. National Forest in western Mississippi, located in Sharkey County, and has an area of . Delta is operated as the Sunflower Wildlife Management Area. The forest is headquartered in Jackson, as are all six National Forests in Mississippi, but Delta Ranger District office is located in Rolling Fork. It is one of only six National Forests that are contained entirely within a single county and the only bottomland hardwood forest in the National Forest system. The Green Ash-Overcup Oak-Sweetgum Research Natural Areas within", "id": "3631940" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\ninfluences in the Mississippi River Delta. They continue to shape preferences of food, music, and art, as well as to maintain the unique identities existing in the southernmost parts of the region. Both cultures speak a form of French; but they are considered to be autonomous and distinct dialects. From 1910–1920, New Orleans became the birthplace of jazz and since has continued its legacy of being home to budding musicians and new musical experiences, tying music directly to its unique culture and diverse heritage. The origins of jazz and blues", "id": "16619580" }, { "contents": "Journey Through Hallowed Ground National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Journey Through Hallowed Ground National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in portions of Pennsylvania, West Virginia, Maryland and Virginia, in the eastern United States. The Journey Through Hallowed Ground National Heritage Area was established on May 8, 2008 by Public Law 110-229, the Consolidated Natural Resources Act of 2008.The designation provides a framework for the promotion and interpretation of the area's cultural and historic character, with particular emphasis on the region's role in the American Civil War, and the preservation of the natural", "id": "13516660" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta\n\n\nThe Mississippi Delta, also known as the Yazoo-Mississippi Delta, is the distinctive northwest section of the U.S. state of Mississippi (and portions of Arkansas and Louisiana) which lies between the Mississippi and Yazoo Rivers. The region has been called \"The Most Southern Place on Earth\" (\"Southern\" in the sense of \"characteristic of its region, the American South\"), because of its unique racial, cultural, and economic history. It is long and across at its widest point, encompassing about , or", "id": "15159888" }, { "contents": "Freedom's Way National Heritage Area\n\n\nFreedom's Way National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing portions of northern Massachusetts and southern New Hampshire. The heritage area includes sites significant to the American Revolution, cultural sites associated with Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau, and Native American sites. The heritage area seeks to preserve the region's landscape and historic structures. The National Heritage Area includes Minute Man National Historical Park, portions of Middlesex and Worcester counties in Massachusetts, and portions of Hillsborough County, New Hampshire, an area including a total of", "id": "14966358" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta\n\n\nside of the Mississippi River, another area of high poverty). The 1990s state legalization of casino gambling in Mississippi has boosted the Delta's economy, particularly in the areas of Tunica and Vicksburg. A large cultural influence in the region is its history of hunting and fishing. Hunting in the Delta is primarily for game such as whitetail deer, wild turkey, and waterfowl, along with many small game species (squirrel, rabbit, dove, quail, raccoon, etc.) For many years, the hunting and fishing", "id": "15159912" }, { "contents": "Baltimore National Heritage Area\n\n\nBaltimore National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing portions of Baltimore, Maryland, USA. The designated area includes the central portion of the city, waterfront, inner neighborhoods and portions of the city's park system. The district includes Fort McHenry and the Inner Harbor, as well as portions of the Charles Street, Falls Road, National Historic Seaport and Star Spangled Banner Maryland Scenic Byways. The Baltimore National Heritage Area was established on March 30, 2009 by the Omnibus Public Land Management Act of 2009 (§", "id": "8582841" }, { "contents": "B.B. King Museum\n\n\nThe B.B. King Museum and Delta Interpretive Center is a Delta blues museum with the mission to \"empower, unite and heal through music, art and education and share with the world the rich cultural heritage of the Mississippi Delta.\" The museum, named for blues legend, B.B. King, is located in his hometown of Indianola, Mississippi, in the United States. The B.B. King Museum and Delta Interpretive Center opened in Indianola Mississippi on September 13, 2008. The museum features a restored brick cotton gin building in which B.B.", "id": "17262603" }, { "contents": "Louise, Mississippi\n\n\nLouise is a town in Humphreys County, Mississippi. The population was 199 at the 2010 census, down from 315 at the 2000 census. Louise is located in southern Humphreys County at (32.981549, -90.591624), along Silver Creek in the Mississippi Delta region. Mississippi Highway 149 passes just east of the town, leading north to U.S. Route 49W at Silver City and south via Mississippi Highway 16 to Yazoo City. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town of Louise has a total area of , all land.", "id": "2222822" }, { "contents": "Arkansas Delta\n\n\nblues and gospel traditions. The East Central Delta area has produced a small number of talented and influential R&B artists. Arkansas's blues Influence, shares a rich heritage with Mississippi and Memphis, Tennessee. Arkansas was home to numerous blues masters, who are held in high esteem by newer generations learning blues history. Arkansas blues artists influenced decades of pop culture music by such artists as Muddy Waters, Little Milton, B.B. King, Eric Clapton, Jeff Beck, Joe Bonamassa, Stevie Ray Vaughan, George Harrison and the Rolling Stones", "id": "6558115" }, { "contents": "Cruger, Mississippi\n\n\nCruger is a town in Holmes County, Mississippi, United States. The population was 386 at the 2010 census, down from 449 at the 2000 census. Cruger is in the northwest corner of Holmes County, in the Mississippi Delta region along U.S. Route 49E. Greenwood is north of Cruger via US 49E, and Yazoo City is to the south. According to the United States Census Bureau, Cruger has a total area of , all land. As of the census of 2000, there were 449 people, 161 households, and", "id": "2222747" }, { "contents": "Carroll County, Mississippi\n\n\nCarroll County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 10,597. Its county seats are Carollton and Vaiden. The county is named for Charles Carroll of Carrollton, the last surviving signatory of the U.S. Declaration of Independence. Carroll County is part of the Greenwood, Micropolitan Statistical Area. Bordered by the Yazoo River on the west and the Big Black River to the east, it is considered within the Mississippi Delta region. Most of its land is in the hill country", "id": "10611479" }, { "contents": "Minter City, Mississippi\n\n\nMinter City is an unincorporated community located in Leflore County and in Tallahatchie County, Mississippi. It is part of the Greenwood, Mississippi micropolitan area, and is within the Mississippi Delta. Mississippi Highway 8 intersects U.S. Route 49E southwest of Minter City, and the Tallahatchie River flows to the east. There is a post office located on U.S. Route 49E, with a ZIP code of 38944. Variant names for the original settlement were \"Walnut Place Landing\" and \"Minter City Landing\". Spanish explorer Hernando de Soto may have", "id": "12467995" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta AVA\n\n\nThe Mississippi Delta AVA is an American Viticultural Area on the left (east) bank of the Mississippi River, between Memphis, Tennessee, and Vicksburg, Mississippi. It includes portions of the Mississippi Delta and the watershed of the lower Mississippi River in the U.S. states of Louisiana (west bank), Mississippi, and Tennessee. Since the creation of the AVA in 1984, there has been very little viticulture in the Mississippi Delta region. Mississippi State University established an enology laboratory to research grape cultivation in the area, but little", "id": "16585963" }, { "contents": "Greenwood, Mississippi\n\n\nGreenwood is a city in and the county seat of Leflore County, Mississippi, located at the eastern edge of the Mississippi Delta, approximately 96 miles north of the state capital, Jackson, Mississippi, and 130 miles south of the riverport of Memphis, Tennessee. It was a center of cotton planter culture in the 19th century. The population was 16,087 at the 2010 census. It is the principal city of the Greenwood Micropolitan Statistical Area. Greenwood developed at the confluence of the Tallahatchie and the Yalobusha rivers, which form the", "id": "3378194" }, { "contents": "Bolivar County, Mississippi\n\n\nBolivar County ( ) is a county located on the western border of the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 34,145. Its county seats are Rosedale and Cleveland. The county is named in honor of Simón Bolívar, early 19th-century leader of the liberation of several South American colonies from Spain. The Cleveland, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area includes all of Bolivar County. It is located in the Mississippi Delta, or Yazoo Basin, of Mississippi. This area was first developed for cotton plantations", "id": "10611493" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nmusic in the region is closely connected to the Mississippi River and the delta, as the location allowed for an influx of cultural influences, including blues and bluegrass music from upriver, to the African and Latin folk hymns and music from the Caribbean islands. The delta is still synonymous with the sounds of jazz, funk and zydeco and remains to be an important cultural hub for new sounds and music, bringing thousands to the area every year to experience the lifestyle and participate in the natural rhythms of the area. The region is", "id": "16619581" }, { "contents": "Essex National Heritage Commission\n\n\nThe Essex National Heritage Commission (ENHC) is a non-profit organization charted to oversee the Essex National Heritage Area, a National Heritage Area composed of all of Essex County, Massachusetts. The commission promotes the cultural heritage with public and private partnerships and with the National Park Service by developing programs that enhance, preserve and encourage regional awareness of the area's unique historic, cultural and natural resources. The commission is based in Salem. The organization has sponsored a number of events and programs that celebrate the region’s history,", "id": "16440799" }, { "contents": "Blue Ridge National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Blue Ridge National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing the twenty-five westernmost counties of North Carolina, which are associated with the Blue Ridge Mountains. The designation provides a framework for the promotion and interpretation of the area's cultural and historic character, and the preservation of the natural and built environment. The National Heritage Area includes the North Carolina portions of Great Smoky Mountains National Park and the Blue Ridge Parkway. Other attractions include Mount Mitchell in Pisgah National Forest, Nantahala National Forest and the North Carolina", "id": "9719864" }, { "contents": "Poverty Point\n\n\nPoverty Point State Historic Site (; 16 WC 5) is a prehistoric earthwork constructed by the Poverty Point culture. The Poverty Point site is located in present-day northeastern Louisiana though evidence of the Poverty Point culture extends throughout much of the Southeastern United States. The culture extended across the Mississippi Delta and south to the Gulf Coast. The Poverty Point site has been designated as a U.S. National Monument, a U.S. National Historic Landmark, and UNESCO World Heritage Site. Located in the Southern United States, the site is from the", "id": "10100047" }, { "contents": "Geography of Arkansas\n\n\nState Park, Delta Heritage Trail State Park, Felsenthal National Wildlife Refuge, Lake Chicot State Park, Mississippi River State Park, Overflow National Wildlife Refuge and White River National Wildlife Refuge. The flat topography and fertile soils of Southeast Arkansas have been important to the region throughout its history, first to the Native American that inhabited the region. This history is available today at museums like the Pine Bluff/Jefferson County Historical Museum. The area was one of the first explored and settled in Arkansas; including the territorial capital at Arkansas", "id": "17334085" }, { "contents": "Tchula, Mississippi\n\n\nhad vanished, partly due to increased use of machines in agriculture. Many businesses formerly in the town had disappeared. Tchula is in western Holmes County along Tchula Lake, an old river channel in the Mississippi Delta region of the state. U.S. Route 49E passes through the center of town, leading north to Greenwood and southwest to Yazoo. Mississippi Highway 12 leads southeast from Tchula to Lexington, the Holmes County seat. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of , of which , or 2.31", "id": "2222794" }, { "contents": "Freedom's Frontier National Heritage Area\n\n\nFreedom's Frontier National Heritage Area, Inc. (FFNHA) is a federally designated U.S. National Heritage Area located in eastern Kansas and Western Missouri. This heritage area preserves, conserves, and interprets historic and cultural landscapes pertaining to: the shaping of the frontier, the Missouri-Kansas Border War, and the enduring struggle for freedom. FFNHA was authorized on October 12, 2006, with the passage of the National Heritage Areas Act of 2006. The management plan for the heritage area was approved by the Board of Trustees on June", "id": "353294" }, { "contents": "Sunflower County, Mississippi\n\n\nSunflower County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 29,450. Its largest city and county seat is Indianola. Sunflower County comprises the Indianola, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is included in the Cleveland-Indianola, MS Combined Statistical Area. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region. Sunflower Country was created in 1844. The land mass encompassed most of Sunflower and Leflore Counties as we know them today. The first seat of government was Clayton, located near", "id": "10555603" }, { "contents": "Atchafalaya National Heritage Area\n\n\nAtchafalaya National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing parts of fourteen parishes along the Atchafalaya River in the U.S. State of Louisiana. The heritage area extends the length of the Atchafalaya Basin from the area of Ferriday in the north to the river's mouth beyond Morgan City. The National Heritage Area is divided into four regions: Upper, Between 2 Rivers, Bayou Teche Corridor and the Coastal Zone. The designation provides a framework for the promotion and interpretation of the area's cultural and historic character, and the preservation", "id": "9171577" }, { "contents": "Niagara Falls National Heritage Area\n\n\nNiagara Falls National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing the Niagara Falls region of the U.S. State of New York. The heritage area includes the communities of Niagara Falls, Youngstown and Lewiston. The designation provides a framework for the promotion and interpretation of the area's cultural and historic character, and the preservation of the natural and built environment. The heritage area designation recognizes the area's importance to Native Americans, to early European explorers of America, the American Revolution, the War of 1812 and the area's", "id": "9115304" }, { "contents": "Warren County, Mississippi\n\n\nWarren County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 48,773. Its county seat is Vicksburg. Created by legislative act of 22 December 1809, Warren County is named for American Revolutionary War officer Joseph Warren. Part of the Mississippi Delta and the historic cotton culture, Warren County is included in the Vicksburg, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Jackson-Vicksburg-Brookhaven, MS Combined Statistical Area. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the", "id": "10555530" }, { "contents": "Greenwood, Mississippi micropolitan area\n\n\nThe Greenwood Micropolitan Statistical Area is a micropolitan area in the northwestern Delta region of Mississippi that covers two counties - Leflore and Carroll. As of the 2000 census, the μSA had a population of 48,716 (though a July 1, 2009 estimate placed the population at 44,841). As of the census of 2000, there were 48,716 people, 17,027 households, and 11,956 families residing within the μSA. The racial makeup of the μSA was 37.22% White, 60.85% African American, 0.10% Native American, 0.54% Asian", "id": "8919330" }, { "contents": "James Thomas (blues musician)\n\n\n\". In 1985, his work was featured in the prestigious Corcoran Gallery in Washington, D.C., where he was introduced to Nancy Reagan, then the First Lady. Thomas's skulls are on display in the Delta Blues Museum, in Clarksdale, Mississippi, and the Highway 61 Blues Museum, in Leland, Mississippi. Thomas played at numerous blues festivals and private parties throughout the area, including the Mississippi Delta Blues and Heritage Festival in Greenville. In the 1970s, Eddie Cusic performed with Thomas at regular engagements. Together they", "id": "17330513" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nand is an important coastal region for the United States, containing more than of coastal wetlands and 37% of the estuarine marsh in the conterminous U.S. The coastal area is the nation's largest drainage basin and drains about 41% of the contiguous United States into the Gulf of Mexico at an average rate of . The modern Mississippi River Delta formed over the last approximately 4,500 years as the Mississippi River deposited sand, clay and silt along its banks and in adjacent basins. The Mississippi River Delta is a river-dominated delta system", "id": "16619564" }, { "contents": "Arabia Mountain National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Arabia Mountain National Heritage Area is a National Heritage Area in the U.S. state of Georgia that encompasses natural, cultural, and historical elements to form a cohesive, nationally significant environment. The area is due east of Atlanta and spans reaching from the historic commercial center of Lithonia to the Monastery of the Holy Spirit in Conyers, including a number of sites in between, including Panola Mountain State Park, Davidson-Arabia Mountain Nature Preserve, the Mall at Stonecrest, and more. The Heritage Area was established in 2006, and", "id": "352970" }, { "contents": "Sangre de Cristo National Heritage Area\n\n\nSangre de Cristo National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the south central portion of the U.S. state of Colorado. The heritage area includes the San Luis Valley and portions of the Sangre de Cristo Range. The region combines influences of Anglo-American, Hispano-American and Native American influences. It also includes portions of the upper Rio Grande valley. The national heritage area includes Alamosa, Costilla, and Conejos counties, and portions of Saguache and Rio Grande counties. It also includes within its boundaries Great Sand", "id": "17389640" }, { "contents": "Delta State–Mississippi College football rivalry\n\n\nThe Delta State–Mississippi College football rivalry, commonly known as the Heritage Bell Classic, is a college football rivalry game between a public university and a private Christian college in the U.S. state of Mississippi, the Delta State University Statesmen and the Mississippi College Choctaws. The current winner is Delta State, who won, 28–21, on November 10, 2018. Delta State leads the all-time series, 22–15–2. The Delta State Statesmen were co-founding members of the Gulf South Conference in 1970. Mississippi College joined the", "id": "15797675" }, { "contents": "Delta blues\n\n\nDelta blues is one of the earliest-known styles of blues music. It originated in the Mississippi Delta, a region of the U.S. stretching from Memphis, Tennessee, in the north to Vicksburg, Mississippi, in the south and from Helena, Arkansas, in the west to the Yazoo River in the east. The Mississippi Delta is famous for its fertile soil and for its poverty. Delta blues is regarded as a regional variant of country blues. Guitar and harmonica are its dominant instruments; slide guitar is a hallmark of", "id": "7794018" }, { "contents": "Arkansas Delta\n\n\na decline. Charles Bowden of \"National Geographic\" wrote, \"By 1970 the sharecropping world was already disappearing, and the landscape of today—huge fields, giant machines, battered towns, few people—beginning to emerge.\" The Arkansas Delta is known for its rich musical heritage. While defined primarily by its deep blues/gospel roots, it is distinguished somewhat from its Mississippi Delta counterpart by more intricately interwoven country music and R&B elements. Arkansas blues musicians have defined every genre of blues from its inception, including", "id": "6558110" }, { "contents": "Greenwood High School (Mississippi)\n\n\nGreenwood High School is a public high school located in Greenwood, Leflore County, in the U.S. state of Mississippi. The school is part of the Greenwood Public School District. Greenwood, Mississippi, is a town of slightly over 15,000 residents located on the banks of the Yazoo River about south of Memphis, Tennessee, and about north of Jackson, Mississippi. The city and county are named after Greenwood Leflore, the designated leader of the Choctaw nation who ceded Mississippi land under pressure of the 1830 Indian Removal Act to the United", "id": "4541464" }, { "contents": "Upper Housatonic Valley National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Upper Housatonic Valley National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the U.S. states of Connecticut and Massachusetts. The heritage area interprets and promotes the historical, cultural and scenic features of the upper Housatonic River valley in the western part of both states. The heritage area focuses on five themes: the area's role as a resort for writers, artists, actors and musicians, the scenic landscape, the area's role in industry, the American Revolutionary War, and the social and religious groups associated with the area", "id": "17597179" }, { "contents": "National Heritage Area\n\n\nA National Heritage Area is a site designated by United States and intended to encourage historic preservation of the area and an appreciation of the history and heritage of the site. There are currently 55 National Heritage Areas, some of which use variations of the title, such as National Heritage Corridor. National Heritage Areas (NHAs) are not National Park Service units or federally owned or managed land. NHAs are administered by state governments or non-profit organizations or other private corporations, referred to as \"local coordinating entities\". The", "id": "2301876" }, { "contents": "Lackawanna Heritage Valley National and State Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Lackawanna Heritage Valley National and State Heritage Area is a state and federally designated National Heritage Area in northeastern Pennsylvania. It was initially established in 1991 as the first State Heritage Park in Pennsylvania, and was additionally designated a National Heritage Area in 2000. The designations recognize the area's heritage of industry, architecture, history and natural resources, and provide a framework for development and promotion of these features. The Lackawanna Heritage Valley National and State Heritage Area is managed by the Lackawanna Heritage Valley Authority, or LHVA. The National", "id": "16220344" }, { "contents": "Kenai Mountains – Turnagain Arm National Heritage Area\n\n\nKenai Mountains – Turnagain Arm National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the U.S. state of Alaska. The heritage area extends across the northern part of the Kenai Peninsula, immediately to the north and east of Kenai Fjords National Park. The designation recognizes the area's unique cultural, scenic and historical features and provides a unified organization for promotion of the area's attractions. The Kenai Mountains – Turnagain Arm National Heritage Area (KMTA) includes the road corridor between Seward and Hope and Whittier, from Resurrection Bay in", "id": "16167272" }, { "contents": "Mayersville, Mississippi\n\n\nMayersville is a town on the east bank of the Mississippi River, and the county seat for Issaquena County, Mississippi, United States. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region, known for cotton cultivation in the antebellum era. Once the trading center for the county, the town was superseded when railroads were built into the area. The population of the majority-black town was 547 at the 2010 census, down from 795 at the 2000 census. Native Americans had lived in this area since prehistoric times. The Mayersville", "id": "2222833" }, { "contents": "Crenshaw, Mississippi\n\n\nCrenshaw is a town in Panola and Quitman counties in the U.S. state of Mississippi. The population was 916 at the 2000 census. Crenshaw is located at (34.502661, -90.195841). Most of the town is in Panola County with a small portion on the west side in Quitman County. In the 2000 census, 697 of the town's 916 residents (76.1%) lived in Panola County and 219 (23.9%) in Quitman County. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of", "id": "17931693" }, { "contents": "Panola County, Mississippi\n\n\nPanola County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 34,707. Its county seats are Sardis and Batesville. Panola is the anglicization of \"ponolo\", a word meaning thread in both old Choctaw and Chickasaw and cotton in modern Choctaw. The county is located just east of the Mississippi Delta and bisected by the Tallahatchie River flowing to the southwest, separating the two county seats. Panola County was established February 9, 1836, and is one of the twelve large", "id": "10555705" }, { "contents": "MotorCities National Heritage Area\n\n\nMotorCities National Heritage Area or Motor Cities National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area that commemorates and promotes the automobile industry in Metro Detroit, with portions of 16 counties in southern Michigan, United States. The scope of the heritage area includes sites and events relating to the motor industry as well as the industry's impact on labor, society and the environment. The heritage area comprises more than 1200 automotive-related sites, including the Henry Ford Museum, Fair Lane, various Ford plants, the Automotive Hall of Fame", "id": "16976479" }, { "contents": "Great Basin National Heritage Area\n\n\nGreat Basin National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in Nevada and Utah, including White Pine County, Nevada and Millard County, Utah. The area was designated to recognize and promote the scenic and cultural resources associated with this central portion of the Great Basin. The National Heritage Area includes Great Basin National Park and portions of Humboldt-Toiyabe and Fishlake National Forests, as well as Fort Deseret, Sevier Lake and the Topaz War Relocation Center. Great Basin National Heritage Area was designated on October 13, 2006.", "id": "15909144" }, { "contents": "Crowder, Mississippi\n\n\nCrowder is a town in Panola and Quitman counties in the state of Mississippi. The population was 766 at the 2000 census. Most of Crowder is in Quitman County with a portion on the east in adjacent Panola County. In the 2000 census, 462 of the town's 766 residents (60.3%) lived in Quitman County and 304 (39.7%) in Panola County. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 0.4 square miles (1.2 km², all land. As of the", "id": "17931698" }, { "contents": "Rivers of Steel National Heritage Area\n\n\nRivers of Steel National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in southwestern Pennsylvania, centered on Pittsburgh and oriented around the interpretation and promotion of the region's steel-making heritage. The area roughly covers the valleys of the Ohio, Monongahela and lower Allegheny rivers. Major interpretive locations include the Carrie Furnace, Pinkerton's Landing Bridge and other features of the Homestead Steel Works. The national heritage area comprises Allegheny, Armstrong, Beaver, Butler, Greene, Fayette, Washington and Westmoreland counties. Rivers of Steel National Heritage", "id": "17389345" }, { "contents": "Crowley's Ridge Parkway\n\n\nroute which allowed the traveler to experience the Southern heritage of the area. The National Scenic Byway designation came the following year, with an extension into Missouri in 2000. The majority of the route is in Arkansas, and the parkway begins in Phillips County, Arkansas, in Helena-West Helena very near the Helena Bridge over the Mississippi River. Beginning at US Route 49 (US 49) and running north with US 49 Business (US 49B), the route passes historic properties including the Delta Cultural Center, the Jerome", "id": "1149985" }, { "contents": "Issaquena County, Mississippi\n\n\nIssaquena County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 1,406, making it the least populous county in the United States east of the Mississippi River. Its county seat is Mayersville. With a per-capita income of $18,598, Issaquena County is the poorest county in the United States. Issaquena County is located in the Mississippi Delta region. The Mississippi River flows along the entire western boundary of the county, and many of the earliest communities were river ports.", "id": "10611264" }, { "contents": "Delta Regional Authority\n\n\n, Mississippi; Tunica County, Mississippi; Union County, Mississippi; Walthall County, Mississippi; Warren County, Mississippi; Washington County, Mississippi; Wilkinson County, Mississippi; Yalobusha County, Mississippi; Yazoo County, Mississippi Missouri Bollinger County, Missouri; Butler County, Missouri; Cape Girardeau County, Missouri; Carter County, Missouri; Crawford County, Missouri; Dent County, Missouri; Douglas County, Missouri; Dunklin County, Missouri; Howell County, Missouri; Iron County, Missouri; Madison County, Missouri; Mississippi", "id": "11170385" }, { "contents": "Tunica County, Mississippi\n\n\nTunica County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 10,778. Its county seat is Tunica. The county is named for the Tunica Native Americans. Most migrated to central Louisiana during the colonial period. Tunica County is part of the Memphis, TN-MS-AR Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region. Since the late 20th century, it is known for Tunica Resorts (formerly Robinsonville), an unincorporated community that is the site", "id": "10555567" }, { "contents": "Emmett Till\n\n\nin the Mississippi Delta are memorialized as associated with Till. Emmett Till was born in 1941 in Chicago; he was the son of Mamie Carthan (1921–2003) and Louis Till (1922–1945). Emmett's mother Mamie was born in the small Delta town of Webb, Mississippi. The Delta region encompasses the large, multi-county area of northwestern Mississippi in the watershed of the Yazoo and Mississippi rivers. When Carthan was two years old, her family moved to Argo, Illinois, as part of the Great Migration of rural", "id": "2570054" }, { "contents": "History of New Orleans\n\n\nUnion during the Civil War. With its rich and unique cultural and architectural heritage, it remains a major destination for tourism, conventions, and major sports events, even after the major destruction and loss of life resulting from Hurricane Katrina in 2005. The land mass that was to become the city of New Orleans was formed around 2200 BC when the Mississippi River deposited silt creating the delta region. Before Europeans founded the settlement, the area was inhabited by Native Americans for about 1300 years. The Mississippian culture peoples built mounds and", "id": "3084005" }, { "contents": "B.B. King Museum\n\n\nKing worked in the 1940s. The museum also contains an extensive collection of artifacts owned by King and displays exhibits about his life and the lives of other musicians of the delta region and the culture where the blues arose. The museum commemorates the famous blues artist, B.B King, who was from the Mississippi Delta. The museum has multiple exhibits highlighting King's Delta Blue music. Exhibits include interactive exhibits, King memorabilia, and stories. The museum seeks to help preserve Delta Blues and its culture by promoting its importance. In", "id": "17262604" }, { "contents": "Missouri Bootheel\n\n\nwrites: Given the population in the area, even a moderately sized earthquake would be disastrous. The Bootheel (pronounced Boothill in the region) is on the edge of the Mississippi Delta culture that produced the Delta blues. Its relatively large black population makes it distinct from the rest of rural Missouri. The area has a unique rural black culture reflected in its music, churches and other traditions. The black population ranges from about 26% in Pemiscot County, to 15% in New Madrid County, and about 9% in", "id": "12618286" }, { "contents": "Moorhead, Mississippi\n\n\nMoorhead is a city in Sunflower County, Mississippi. As of the 2000 census, the city population was 2,573. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of , of which is land and 0.77% is water. Moorhead is along U.S. Route 82, east of Indianola. Moorhead is located at the intersection of the Southern and Yazoo Delta railroads. This is the origin of the legendary blues crossroads phrase \"where the Southern cross the Dog\". As of the 2010 United States Census,", "id": "2223816" }, { "contents": "Blanche Bruce\n\n\nsteamboat porter on the Mississippi River. In 1864, he moved to Hannibal, Missouri, where he established a school for black children. In 1868, during Reconstruction, Bruce relocated to Bolivar near Cleveland in northwestern Mississippi, at which he purchased a Mississippi Delta plantation. He became a wealthy landowner of several thousand acres in the Mississippi Delta. He was appointed to the positions of Tallahatchie County registrar of voters and tax assessor before he won an election for sheriff in Bolivar County. He later was elected to other county positions,", "id": "13640962" }, { "contents": "Delta, Mississippi\n\n\nDelta is a ghost town in Coahoma County, Mississippi, United States. Once a thriving port on the Mississippi River, Delta today is covered by farmland and a portion of the Mississippi Levee. Nothing remains of the original settlement. The county seat was moved from Port Royal to Delta in 1842. In 1844, Delta was surveyed and laid off into lots. The town had a population of about 700, and was a busy steamboat port. Delta incorporated in 1848. That same year, the river flooded the town,", "id": "8584565" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nbenefits that are unique to the region. These vital resources are at constant risk of being lost with the continual land loss and the decreasing size of the natural coastal area. The Mississippi River Delta has a strong economy which relies heavily on tourism and recreational activities such as fishing, hunting and wildlife watching as well as commercial fishing, oil, gas, and shipping industries. There are a number of major industries in the Mississippi River Delta that drive the local and national economy, including: In total, the five Gulf Coast", "id": "16619584" }, { "contents": "Holmes County, Mississippi\n\n\nHolmes County is a county in the U.S. state of Mississippi; its western border is formed by the Yazoo River and the eastern border by the Big Black River. The western part of the county is within the Yazoo-Mississippi Delta. As of the 2010 census, the population was 19,198. Its county seat is Lexington. The county is named in honor of David Holmes, territorial governor and the first governor of the state of Mississippi and later United States Senator for Mississippi. A favorite son, Edmond Favor Noel, was", "id": "10611282" }, { "contents": "Greenville, Mississippi\n\n\nGreenville is a city in, and the county seat of, Washington County, Mississippi, United States. The population was 34,400 at the 2010 census. It is located in the area of historic cotton plantations and culture known as the Mississippi Delta. This area was occupied by indigenous peoples for thousands of years. When the French explored here, they encountered the historic Natchez people. As part of their colony known as \"La Louisiane\", the French established a settlement at what became Natchez, Mississippi. Other Native American tribes", "id": "2224007" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nartery. In addition to shipping, local and commercial fisheries continued to expand. The discovery of vast oil and gas deposits brought further economic and environmental changes to the delta. Despite these profound changes, the delta today remains very much rooted in the vibrant cultural and social traditions of its residents. The Mississippi River Delta is home to more than two million people. The location of the delta at the mouth of the Mississippi River allowed for the area to be a cultural gateway into the United States, and influenced the mix of", "id": "16619576" }, { "contents": "Essex Heritage\n\n\nEssex Heritage is a non-profit organization charted to promote the cultural heritage of Essex County in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. Working with both public and private partnerships and with the National Park Service, the group supports and develops programs that enhance, preserve and encourage regional awareness of the area’s unique historic, cultural and natural resources. Headquartered in Salem, Massachusetts, the Commission services the 34 communities of Essex County. It has been recognized by the United States Congress in recognition of the important role that this region played in American", "id": "16609234" }, { "contents": "Washington County, Mississippi\n\n\nWashington County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 51,137. Its county seat is Greenville. The county is named in honor of the first President of the United States, George Washington. The Greenville, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area includes all of Washington County. It is located in the Mississippi Delta. Located in the Mississippi Delta, Washington County was first developed for cotton cultivation in the antebellum years. Most plantations were developed to have access to the rivers, which", "id": "10555522" }, { "contents": "Mississippi\n\n\nIsland. The northwest remainder of the state consists of the Mississippi Delta, a section of the Mississippi Alluvial Plain. The plain is narrow in the south and widens north of Vicksburg. The region has rich soil, partly made up of silt which had been regularly deposited by the flood waters of the Mississippi River. Areas under the management of the National Park Service include: Mississippi City Population Rankings of at least 50,000 (United States Census Bureau as of 2017): Mississippi City Population Rankings of at least 20,000 but fewer than", "id": "21293458" }, { "contents": "Belzoni, Mississippi\n\n\nBelzoni ( ) is a city in Humphreys County, Mississippi, in the Mississippi Delta region, on the Yazoo River. The population was 2,235 at the 2010 census. It is the county seat of Humphreys County. It was named for the 19th-century Italian archaeologist/explorer Giovanni Battista Belzoni. The area was named Farm-Raised Catfish Capital of the World in 1976 by then Governor Cliff Finch, since it produces more farm-raised catfish than any other U.S. county. About of the county are under water in ponds", "id": "2222804" }, { "contents": "2011 Mississippi River floods\n\n\nfrom Vicksburg was cut off for more than two weeks. U.S. Highway 61 between Vicksburg and Port Gibson was closed by backwater flooding along the Big Black River on May 12; it reopened June 1. Another portion of U.S. Highway 61 near Redwood was closed by backwater flooding along the Yazoo River on May 13 and was closed until June 3. In anticipation of major flooding, the U.S. federal government declared 14 counties along the Mississippi River, the Thames River: Adams, Bolivar, Claiborne, Coahoma, DeSoto, Humphreys, Issaquena", "id": "8214155" }, { "contents": "Memphis, Tennessee\n\n\nother places in the world could offer cheaper labor, and the workforce was undereducated for today's challenges. The Memphis Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA), the 42nd largest in the United States, has a 2010 population of 1,316,100 and includes the Tennessee counties of Shelby, Tipton and Fayette; as well as the northern Mississippi counties of DeSoto, Marshall, Tate, and Tunica; and Crittenden County, Arkansas, all part of the Mississippi Delta. The total metropolitan area has a higher proportion of whites and a higher per capita", "id": "4225772" }, { "contents": "Northern Plains National Heritage Area\n\n\nNorthern Plains National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area along an length of the Missouri River in central North Dakota. The heritage area promotes and interprets the scenic, cultural and historic heritage of the region. It extends from Knife River Indian Villages National Historic Site to Huff Indian Village State Historic Site The area interprets the history of the Three Affiliated Tribes, the passage of the Lewis and Clark Expedition, the fur trade, steamboats on the Missouri and Fort Abraham Lincoln. It also interprets the area's association with the", "id": "17044952" }, { "contents": "Tornado outbreak of April 22–25, 2010\n\n\ncrossed the Mississippi River shortly thereafter, and damaged or destroyed numerous homes on the north side of Eagle Lake. The tornado then moved across the Delta National Forest in Issaquena and Sharkey Counties, causing major tree damage. The tornado again caused significant home damage northwest of Satartia, and again as it crossed Highway 3 near the Crupp community. The tornado then moved through rural areas southwest of Yazoo City, causing major damage or total destruction of a number of homes, as well as intense tree damage. As the tornado approached the", "id": "5566995" }, { "contents": "Segregation academy\n\n\npercent of Virginia's non-Hispanic white students attended these isolated schools., In Mississippi, many of the segregation academies were first established in the black-majority Mississippi Delta region in northwestern Mississippi. The Delta has historically had a very large majority-black population, related to the history of the use of slave labor on cotton plantations. The potential for integration resulted in white parents' establishing segregation academies in every county in the Delta. Many academies are still operating, from Indianola, Mississippi to Humphreys County. These schools", "id": "16560206" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nnationalities which settled in the area over time, forming the diversity of the region. Louisiana's first 18th century colonists were French, but they were soon joined by Spanish and Acadian settlers. The region has been home to other European-immigrant ethnic groups, beginning in the 19th century, including German, Sicilian, and Irish. There are also the Africans, West Indians, and Native Americans in the mix. The combination of these groups over time has created the special culture found in the Mississippi River Delta. Two unique", "id": "16619577" }, { "contents": "Champlain Valley National Heritage Area\n\n\nClinton, Essex, Warren, Saratoga and Washington counties in New York, and Bennington, Rutland, Addison, Chittenden, Franklin and Grand Isle counties in Vermont. Attractions located within the National Heritage Area include Fort Ticonderoga, the Lake Champlain Maritime Museum, Saratoga National Historical Park, portions of Adirondack Park and Green Mountain National Forest, Missisquoi National Wildlife Refuge and the Lake Champlain Underwater Historic Preserves. The Champlain Valley National Heritage Area was established by the Champlain Valley National Heritage Act of 2005. It is administered by the Champlain Valley", "id": "9913189" }, { "contents": "Atchafalaya National Heritage Area\n\n\nof the natural and built environment. The heritage area designation recognizes the area's unique environment and culture, and its contributions to music, English and French language, literature, and cuisine. Major locales included in the Heritage Area include Avery Island, New Iberia, Morgan City, Lafayette, Opelousas, Baton Rouge, Plaquemine and Houma. Jean Lafitte National Historical Park, Longfellow-Evangeline State Historic Site and Plaquemine Lock State Historic Site are included in the heritage area, as well as the Louisiana State Museum branches in Baton Rouge", "id": "9171578" }, { "contents": "Bryant Clark\n\n\nBryant W. Clark (born October 31, 1974) is an American politician from the state of Mississippi. A member of the Democratic Party, Clark is a member of the Mississippi House of Representatives, and represents the 47th district. He has served in the Mississippi House since 2004. The district includes parts of Attala, Holmes and Yazoo counties, which is located in central Mississippi. The district comprises both the Hills and Mississippi Delta regions of the state. Clark is a lifelong resident of Ebenezer, located in southern Holmes County", "id": "18412525" }, { "contents": "Louisiana African American Heritage Trail\n\n\nLouisiana African American Heritage Trail () is a cultural heritage trail with 26 sites designated in 2008 by the state of Louisiana, from New Orleans along the Mississippi River to Baton Rouge and Shreveport, with sites in small towns and plantations also included. In New Orleans several sites are within a walking area. Auto travel is required to reach sites outside the city. A variety of African-American museums devoted to art, history and culture are on the \"trail\", as is the Cane River Creole National Historical Park,", "id": "6088712" }, { "contents": "Delta Blues Museum\n\n\nThe Delta Blues Museum in Clarksdale, Mississippi, United States exists to collect, preserve, and provide public access to and awareness of the blues. Along with holdings of significant blues-related memorabilia, the museum also exhibits and collects art portraying the blues tradition, including works by sculptor Floyd Shaman and photographer Birney Imes. The museum is located in the Yazoo and Mississippi Valley Passenger Depot, also known as Illinois Central Passenger Depot or Clarksdale Passenger Depot, which was built in 1926 and listed on the National Register of Historic Places", "id": "19201111" }, { "contents": "Clarksdale, Mississippi\n\n\nClarksdale is a city in Coahoma County, Mississippi, United States, and seat of the county. The western boundary of the county is formed by the Mississippi River. Located in the Mississippi Delta region, Clarksdale is an agricultural and trading center. It has been home to many blues musicians. Clarksdale is named after John Clark, who founded the city in the mid-19th century. Choctaw and Chickasaw Indians occupied the Delta region prior to the arrival of European settlers. Clarksdale was developed at the former intersection of two Indian routes:", "id": "2119137" }, { "contents": "Education segregation in the Mississippi Delta\n\n\nThe Mississippi Delta region has had the most segregated schools -- and for the longest time—of any part of the United States. As recently as the 2016–2017 school year, East Side High School in Cleveland, Mississippi, was practically all black: 359 of 360 students were African-American. The Delta region of Mississippi is nineteen counties in the northwest of the state, bounded on the west by the Mississippi River and the south by the Yazoo River. It is a poor region of the country's poorest state. In", "id": "13439199" } ]

[ { "contents": "Mississippi Delta National Heritage Area\n\n\nMississippi Delta National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area that seeks to preserve and promote the landscape, culture and history of the Mississippi Delta in the northwestern portion of the U.S. state of Mississippi. The region is famous for blues music and a unique culture that has had broad influence on music and literature, both in the United States and worldwide. The national heritage area comprises Bolivar, Carroll, Coahoma, Desoto, Holmes, Humphreys, Issaquena, Leflore, Panola, Quitman, Sharkey, Tallahatchie, Tate, Tunica", "id": "16296069" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta\n\n\nyears. The land is flat and contains some of the most fertile soil in the world. It is two hundred miles long and seventy miles across at its widest point, encompassing approximately 4,415,000 acres, or, some 7,000 square miles of alluvial floodplain. On the east, it is bounded by bluffs extending beyond the Yazoo River. It includes all or part of the following counties: Washington, Western DeSoto, Humphreys, Carroll, Issaquena, Western Panola, Quitman, Bolivar, Coahoma, Leflore, Sunflower, Sharkey, Tate", "id": "15159893" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta Community College\n\n\nof Mississippi in April 1928. The name was changed to Mississippi Delta Junior College in 1960 and to Mississippi Delta Community College in 1989. The official service area of the college includes Bolivar, Humphreys, Issaquena, Leflore, Sharkey, Sunflower, and Washington counties. Coahoma County was originally in the college's service area, but the Mississippi Legislature removed it effective July 1, 1995, and it is now served by the Coahoma Community College. The main campus is located in Moorhead, Mississippi. Stauffer-Wood Administration Building houses", "id": "21307039" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Gulf Coast National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Mississippi Gulf Coast National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area along the Gulf coast of Mississippi. The designated area comprises six counties recognized for their unique cultural and scenic qualities. The National Heritage Area designation provides a unified marketing and promotional framework for the region. The National Heritage Area comprises Pearl River, Stone, George, Hancock, Harrison and Jackson counties. It includes the Mississippi portion of Gulf Islands National Seashore. The area was devastated by Hurricane Katrina in 2005. Much of the national heritage area's efforts", "id": "16361240" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Hills National Heritage Area\n\n\nMississippi Hills National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the northeastern portion of the U.S. state of Mississippi. The designation commemorates the region's impact on American culture and its role in the American Civil War and the American civil rights movement. The national heritage area designation provides a unified marketing and promotion framework for the area. The national heritage area covers all of Marshall, Benton, Tippah, Alcorn, Tishomingo, Lafayette, Union, Pontotoc, Lee, Itawamba, Calhoun, Chickasaw and Monroe counties, and those", "id": "17388610" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River floods of 2019\n\n\nwith some inundated by 15 feet of water. The Yazoo Backwater Area in the Mississippi Delta north of Vicksburg, Mississippi, experienced both record flood stages and record duration of flooding during the winter, spring, and summer of 2019. Portions of Warren, Issaquena, Sharkey, Yazoo, Humphreys, and Washington Counties were flooded. Almost half of the land area of Issaquena and Sharkey Counties experienced flooding. In late May, flood waters covered over 860 square miles (550,000 acres or 220,000 hectares), including about 390 square miles", "id": "13577492" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta\n\n\n, Tunica, Tallahatchie, Western Holmes, Western Yazoo, Western Grenada and Warren. Lexington is also part of the delta. The shifting river delta at the mouth of the Mississippi on the Gulf Coast lies some 300 miles south of this area, and is referred to as the Mississippi River Delta. The two should not be confused. Chinese began settling in Bolivar County and other Delta counties as plantation workers in the 1870s, though most Delta Chinese families migrated to the state between the 1900s and 1930s. Most Chinese immigrants worked", "id": "15159894" }, { "contents": "George W. Gayles\n\n\n1882, and then again in 1884 and 1886. In the House, he represented the 28th district, which included Bolivar, Coahoma, and Quitman County.In the Senate, he represented the ninth district, including Bolivar, Calhoun, and Sunflower counties. He was also chairman of the Third district Republican Convention in 1886 in Mississippi consisting of Bolivar, Coahoma, Issaquena, Leflore, Sunflower, Sharkey, Tunica, Quitman, Washington, and Warren counties. He was the only black state senator in Mississippi during his terms and", "id": "20783617" }, { "contents": "Coahoma County, Mississippi\n\n\nCoahoma County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 26,151. Its county seat is Clarksdale. The Clarksdale, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area includes all of Coahoma County. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region of Mississippi. Coahoma County was established February 9, 1836, and is located in the northwestern part of the state in the fertile Yazoo Delta region. The name \"Coahoma\" is a Choctaw word meaning \"red panther.\" The act creating the county", "id": "10611425" }, { "contents": "Delta Regional Authority\n\n\nMississippi; Jefferson Davis County, Mississippi; Lawrence County, Mississippi; Leflore County, Mississippi; Lafayette County, Mississippi; Madison County, Mississippi; Marion County, Mississippi; Lincoln County, Mississippi; Montgomery County, Mississippi; Panola County, Mississippi; Marshall County, Mississippi; Quitman County, Mississippi; Rankin County, Mississippi; Pike County, Mississippi; Smith County, Mississippi; Sunflower County, Mississippi; Sharkey County, Mississippi; Simpson County, Mississippi; Tippah County, Mississippi; Tallahatchie County, Mississippi; Tate County", "id": "11170384" }, { "contents": "Delta Regional Authority\n\n\nLouisiana; Winn Parish, Louisiana Mississippi Adams County, Mississippi; Amite County, Mississippi; Attala County, Mississippi; Benton County, Mississippi; Bolivar County, Mississippi; Carroll County, Mississippi; Claiborne County, Mississippi; Coahoma County, Mississippi; Copiah County, Mississippi; Covington County, Mississippi; DeSoto County, Mississippi; Franklin County, Mississippi; Grenada County, Mississippi; Hinds County, Mississippi; Holmes County, Mississippi; Humphreys County, Mississippi; Issaquena County, Mississippi; Jasper County, Mississippi; Jefferson County,", "id": "11170383" }, { "contents": "South Park National Heritage Area\n\n\nSouth Park National Heritage Area is a U.S. National Heritage Area encompassing the South Park of Colorado. Established on March 30, 2009 by the Omnibus Public Land Management Act of 2009 (§7002), the South Park NHA is managed by the Park County, Colorado Office of Tourism to promote and interpret the area's natural, scenic, and cultural resources. The National Heritage Area designation funds promotion of the area's mining, recreation, and ranching heritage. The National Heritage Area covers the majority of Park County, including the", "id": "8157140" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Civil Rights Museum\n\n\n2017, the Mississippi Department of Archives and History brought in Pam Junior as the new museum Director. Junior came from the Smith Robertson Museum and Cultural Center in Jackson, where she had been manager since 1999. Junior is a member of the board of directors for the Mississippi Delta National Heritage Area and Mississippi Book Festival and a co-founder of the Mississippi Black Theater Festival The museum hired Hilferty & Associates to design exhibits for the museum, which were fabricated by Exhibit Concepts. Monadnock Media designed the audio portions of the exhibits", "id": "6914076" }, { "contents": "Leflore County, Mississippi\n\n\nLeflore County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 32,317. The county seat is Greenwood. The county is named for Choctaw leader Greenwood LeFlore, who signed a treaty to cede his people's land to the United States in exchange for land in Indian Territory. LeFlore stayed in Mississippi, settling on land reserved for him in Tallahatchie County. Leflore County is part of the Greenwood, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region, with", "id": "10611085" }, { "contents": "Tallahatchie County, Mississippi\n\n\nTallahatchie County is a county in the U.S. state of Mississippi. At the 2010 census, the population was 15,378. Its county seats are Charleston and Sumner. Tallahatchie County is located in the Mississippi Delta region, divided by the Tallahatchie River which runs from north to south through the county before joining what becomes the Yazoo River in LeFlore County. The county was founded on December 31, 1833 after most of the Choctaw Nation was forced out under Indian Removal. Tallahatchie is a Choctaw name meaning \"rock of waters\". The", "id": "10555589" }, { "contents": "National Coal Heritage Area\n\n\nThe National Coal Heritage Area (NCHA) is a federally designated region of thirteen counties in West Virginia that were the source of \"smokeless\" bituminous coal through much of the 20th century. The National Heritage Area recognizes the area's cultural and historic qualities and serves to promote tourism, historic preservation and economic development in the region. The idea of the NCHA was first proposed in the early 1990s by Congressman Nick Rahall, and was established on November 12, 1996 by the 1996 Omnibus Parks and Public Lands Management Act. The", "id": "8963174" }, { "contents": "Muscle Shoals National Heritage Area\n\n\nMuscle Shoals National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the northwestern portion of the U.S. state of Alabama. It is centered on the portion of the Tennessee River around Muscle Shoals and interprets the region's history and culture. Muscle Shoals National Heritage Area comprises Lauderdale, Limestone, Colbert, Franklin, Lawrence and Morgan counties. Significant features of the heritage area include Wheeler Dam, Wilson Dam, Ivy Green, Rosenbaum House, Barton Hall and the northern end of the Natchez Trace. Muscle Shoals National Heritage Area was", "id": "16977602" }, { "contents": "Deer Creek (Mississippi)\n\n\nDeer Creek (also Issaquena Creek or Lower Deer Creek) is a creek in the U.S. state of Mississippi. Its source is Lake Bolivar, in Scott, Bolivar County, Mississippi. As Deer Creek flows south through the Mississippi Delta, it passes through the following counties: Bolivar, Washington, Sharkey, Issaquena, and Warren; and through the following communities: Metcalfe, Stoneville, Leland, Burdett, Arcola, Hollandale, Panther Burn, Nitta Yuma, Anguilla, Rolling Fork, Cary, Onward, and Valley Park.", "id": "1520113" }, { "contents": "Money, Mississippi\n\n\nMoney is an unincorporated Mississippi Delta community near Greenwood in Leflore County, Mississippi, United States. It has fewer than 100 residents, down from 400 in the early 1950s when a cotton mill operated there. Money is located on a railroad line along the Tallahatchie River, a tributary of the Yazoo River in the eastern part of the Mississippi Delta. The community has ZIP code 38945 in the Greenwood, Mississippi micropolitan area. Money is the site of the 1955 lynching of 14-year-old Emmett Till by white men, an event", "id": "15040548" }, { "contents": "Sharkey County, Mississippi\n\n\nSharkey County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. Part of the western border is formed by the Yazoo River. According to the 2010 census, the population was 4,916, making it the second-least populous county in Mississippi. Its county seat is Rolling Fork. The county is named after William L. Sharkey, the provisional Governor of Mississippi in 1865. Sharkey County is located in the Mississippi Delta region. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of , of which is land", "id": "10555635" }, { "contents": "Oil Region National Heritage Area\n\n\nOil Region National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the northwestern portion of the U.S. state of Pennsylvania. The national heritage area commemorates and promotes the region surrounding Edwin Drake's oil well of 1859 near Titusville, which gave rise to the modern oil industry. The national heritage area includes all of Venango County and a portion of Crawford County, including Titusville and Oil Creek Township The Oil Region National Heritage Area was established by Public Law 108-447 in 2004. It is administered by the Oil Region Alliance.", "id": "17389123" }, { "contents": "Delta National Forest\n\n\nDelta National Forest is a U.S. National Forest in western Mississippi, located in Sharkey County, and has an area of . Delta is operated as the Sunflower Wildlife Management Area. The forest is headquartered in Jackson, as are all six National Forests in Mississippi, but Delta Ranger District office is located in Rolling Fork. It is one of only six National Forests that are contained entirely within a single county and the only bottomland hardwood forest in the National Forest system. The Green Ash-Overcup Oak-Sweetgum Research Natural Areas within", "id": "3631940" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\ninfluences in the Mississippi River Delta. They continue to shape preferences of food, music, and art, as well as to maintain the unique identities existing in the southernmost parts of the region. Both cultures speak a form of French; but they are considered to be autonomous and distinct dialects. From 1910–1920, New Orleans became the birthplace of jazz and since has continued its legacy of being home to budding musicians and new musical experiences, tying music directly to its unique culture and diverse heritage. The origins of jazz and blues", "id": "16619580" }, { "contents": "Journey Through Hallowed Ground National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Journey Through Hallowed Ground National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in portions of Pennsylvania, West Virginia, Maryland and Virginia, in the eastern United States. The Journey Through Hallowed Ground National Heritage Area was established on May 8, 2008 by Public Law 110-229, the Consolidated Natural Resources Act of 2008.The designation provides a framework for the promotion and interpretation of the area's cultural and historic character, with particular emphasis on the region's role in the American Civil War, and the preservation of the natural", "id": "13516660" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta\n\n\nThe Mississippi Delta, also known as the Yazoo-Mississippi Delta, is the distinctive northwest section of the U.S. state of Mississippi (and portions of Arkansas and Louisiana) which lies between the Mississippi and Yazoo Rivers. The region has been called \"The Most Southern Place on Earth\" (\"Southern\" in the sense of \"characteristic of its region, the American South\"), because of its unique racial, cultural, and economic history. It is long and across at its widest point, encompassing about , or", "id": "15159888" }, { "contents": "Freedom's Way National Heritage Area\n\n\nFreedom's Way National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing portions of northern Massachusetts and southern New Hampshire. The heritage area includes sites significant to the American Revolution, cultural sites associated with Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau, and Native American sites. The heritage area seeks to preserve the region's landscape and historic structures. The National Heritage Area includes Minute Man National Historical Park, portions of Middlesex and Worcester counties in Massachusetts, and portions of Hillsborough County, New Hampshire, an area including a total of", "id": "14966358" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta\n\n\nside of the Mississippi River, another area of high poverty). The 1990s state legalization of casino gambling in Mississippi has boosted the Delta's economy, particularly in the areas of Tunica and Vicksburg. A large cultural influence in the region is its history of hunting and fishing. Hunting in the Delta is primarily for game such as whitetail deer, wild turkey, and waterfowl, along with many small game species (squirrel, rabbit, dove, quail, raccoon, etc.) For many years, the hunting and fishing", "id": "15159912" }, { "contents": "Baltimore National Heritage Area\n\n\nBaltimore National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing portions of Baltimore, Maryland, USA. The designated area includes the central portion of the city, waterfront, inner neighborhoods and portions of the city's park system. The district includes Fort McHenry and the Inner Harbor, as well as portions of the Charles Street, Falls Road, National Historic Seaport and Star Spangled Banner Maryland Scenic Byways. The Baltimore National Heritage Area was established on March 30, 2009 by the Omnibus Public Land Management Act of 2009 (§", "id": "8582841" }, { "contents": "B.B. King Museum\n\n\nThe B.B. King Museum and Delta Interpretive Center is a Delta blues museum with the mission to \"empower, unite and heal through music, art and education and share with the world the rich cultural heritage of the Mississippi Delta.\" The museum, named for blues legend, B.B. King, is located in his hometown of Indianola, Mississippi, in the United States. The B.B. King Museum and Delta Interpretive Center opened in Indianola Mississippi on September 13, 2008. The museum features a restored brick cotton gin building in which B.B.", "id": "17262603" }, { "contents": "Louise, Mississippi\n\n\nLouise is a town in Humphreys County, Mississippi. The population was 199 at the 2010 census, down from 315 at the 2000 census. Louise is located in southern Humphreys County at (32.981549, -90.591624), along Silver Creek in the Mississippi Delta region. Mississippi Highway 149 passes just east of the town, leading north to U.S. Route 49W at Silver City and south via Mississippi Highway 16 to Yazoo City. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town of Louise has a total area of , all land.", "id": "2222822" }, { "contents": "Arkansas Delta\n\n\nblues and gospel traditions. The East Central Delta area has produced a small number of talented and influential R&B artists. Arkansas's blues Influence, shares a rich heritage with Mississippi and Memphis, Tennessee. Arkansas was home to numerous blues masters, who are held in high esteem by newer generations learning blues history. Arkansas blues artists influenced decades of pop culture music by such artists as Muddy Waters, Little Milton, B.B. King, Eric Clapton, Jeff Beck, Joe Bonamassa, Stevie Ray Vaughan, George Harrison and the Rolling Stones", "id": "6558115" }, { "contents": "Cruger, Mississippi\n\n\nCruger is a town in Holmes County, Mississippi, United States. The population was 386 at the 2010 census, down from 449 at the 2000 census. Cruger is in the northwest corner of Holmes County, in the Mississippi Delta region along U.S. Route 49E. Greenwood is north of Cruger via US 49E, and Yazoo City is to the south. According to the United States Census Bureau, Cruger has a total area of , all land. As of the census of 2000, there were 449 people, 161 households, and", "id": "2222747" }, { "contents": "Carroll County, Mississippi\n\n\nCarroll County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 10,597. Its county seats are Carollton and Vaiden. The county is named for Charles Carroll of Carrollton, the last surviving signatory of the U.S. Declaration of Independence. Carroll County is part of the Greenwood, Micropolitan Statistical Area. Bordered by the Yazoo River on the west and the Big Black River to the east, it is considered within the Mississippi Delta region. Most of its land is in the hill country", "id": "10611479" }, { "contents": "Minter City, Mississippi\n\n\nMinter City is an unincorporated community located in Leflore County and in Tallahatchie County, Mississippi. It is part of the Greenwood, Mississippi micropolitan area, and is within the Mississippi Delta. Mississippi Highway 8 intersects U.S. Route 49E southwest of Minter City, and the Tallahatchie River flows to the east. There is a post office located on U.S. Route 49E, with a ZIP code of 38944. Variant names for the original settlement were \"Walnut Place Landing\" and \"Minter City Landing\". Spanish explorer Hernando de Soto may have", "id": "12467995" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta AVA\n\n\nThe Mississippi Delta AVA is an American Viticultural Area on the left (east) bank of the Mississippi River, between Memphis, Tennessee, and Vicksburg, Mississippi. It includes portions of the Mississippi Delta and the watershed of the lower Mississippi River in the U.S. states of Louisiana (west bank), Mississippi, and Tennessee. Since the creation of the AVA in 1984, there has been very little viticulture in the Mississippi Delta region. Mississippi State University established an enology laboratory to research grape cultivation in the area, but little", "id": "16585963" }, { "contents": "Greenwood, Mississippi\n\n\nGreenwood is a city in and the county seat of Leflore County, Mississippi, located at the eastern edge of the Mississippi Delta, approximately 96 miles north of the state capital, Jackson, Mississippi, and 130 miles south of the riverport of Memphis, Tennessee. It was a center of cotton planter culture in the 19th century. The population was 16,087 at the 2010 census. It is the principal city of the Greenwood Micropolitan Statistical Area. Greenwood developed at the confluence of the Tallahatchie and the Yalobusha rivers, which form the", "id": "3378194" }, { "contents": "Bolivar County, Mississippi\n\n\nBolivar County ( ) is a county located on the western border of the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 34,145. Its county seats are Rosedale and Cleveland. The county is named in honor of Simón Bolívar, early 19th-century leader of the liberation of several South American colonies from Spain. The Cleveland, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area includes all of Bolivar County. It is located in the Mississippi Delta, or Yazoo Basin, of Mississippi. This area was first developed for cotton plantations", "id": "10611493" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nmusic in the region is closely connected to the Mississippi River and the delta, as the location allowed for an influx of cultural influences, including blues and bluegrass music from upriver, to the African and Latin folk hymns and music from the Caribbean islands. The delta is still synonymous with the sounds of jazz, funk and zydeco and remains to be an important cultural hub for new sounds and music, bringing thousands to the area every year to experience the lifestyle and participate in the natural rhythms of the area. The region is", "id": "16619581" }, { "contents": "Essex National Heritage Commission\n\n\nThe Essex National Heritage Commission (ENHC) is a non-profit organization charted to oversee the Essex National Heritage Area, a National Heritage Area composed of all of Essex County, Massachusetts. The commission promotes the cultural heritage with public and private partnerships and with the National Park Service by developing programs that enhance, preserve and encourage regional awareness of the area's unique historic, cultural and natural resources. The commission is based in Salem. The organization has sponsored a number of events and programs that celebrate the region’s history,", "id": "16440799" }, { "contents": "Blue Ridge National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Blue Ridge National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing the twenty-five westernmost counties of North Carolina, which are associated with the Blue Ridge Mountains. The designation provides a framework for the promotion and interpretation of the area's cultural and historic character, and the preservation of the natural and built environment. The National Heritage Area includes the North Carolina portions of Great Smoky Mountains National Park and the Blue Ridge Parkway. Other attractions include Mount Mitchell in Pisgah National Forest, Nantahala National Forest and the North Carolina", "id": "9719864" }, { "contents": "Poverty Point\n\n\nPoverty Point State Historic Site (; 16 WC 5) is a prehistoric earthwork constructed by the Poverty Point culture. The Poverty Point site is located in present-day northeastern Louisiana though evidence of the Poverty Point culture extends throughout much of the Southeastern United States. The culture extended across the Mississippi Delta and south to the Gulf Coast. The Poverty Point site has been designated as a U.S. National Monument, a U.S. National Historic Landmark, and UNESCO World Heritage Site. Located in the Southern United States, the site is from the", "id": "10100047" }, { "contents": "Geography of Arkansas\n\n\nState Park, Delta Heritage Trail State Park, Felsenthal National Wildlife Refuge, Lake Chicot State Park, Mississippi River State Park, Overflow National Wildlife Refuge and White River National Wildlife Refuge. The flat topography and fertile soils of Southeast Arkansas have been important to the region throughout its history, first to the Native American that inhabited the region. This history is available today at museums like the Pine Bluff/Jefferson County Historical Museum. The area was one of the first explored and settled in Arkansas; including the territorial capital at Arkansas", "id": "17334085" }, { "contents": "Tchula, Mississippi\n\n\nhad vanished, partly due to increased use of machines in agriculture. Many businesses formerly in the town had disappeared. Tchula is in western Holmes County along Tchula Lake, an old river channel in the Mississippi Delta region of the state. U.S. Route 49E passes through the center of town, leading north to Greenwood and southwest to Yazoo. Mississippi Highway 12 leads southeast from Tchula to Lexington, the Holmes County seat. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of , of which , or 2.31", "id": "2222794" }, { "contents": "Freedom's Frontier National Heritage Area\n\n\nFreedom's Frontier National Heritage Area, Inc. (FFNHA) is a federally designated U.S. National Heritage Area located in eastern Kansas and Western Missouri. This heritage area preserves, conserves, and interprets historic and cultural landscapes pertaining to: the shaping of the frontier, the Missouri-Kansas Border War, and the enduring struggle for freedom. FFNHA was authorized on October 12, 2006, with the passage of the National Heritage Areas Act of 2006. The management plan for the heritage area was approved by the Board of Trustees on June", "id": "353294" }, { "contents": "Sunflower County, Mississippi\n\n\nSunflower County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 29,450. Its largest city and county seat is Indianola. Sunflower County comprises the Indianola, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is included in the Cleveland-Indianola, MS Combined Statistical Area. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region. Sunflower Country was created in 1844. The land mass encompassed most of Sunflower and Leflore Counties as we know them today. The first seat of government was Clayton, located near", "id": "10555603" }, { "contents": "Atchafalaya National Heritage Area\n\n\nAtchafalaya National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing parts of fourteen parishes along the Atchafalaya River in the U.S. State of Louisiana. The heritage area extends the length of the Atchafalaya Basin from the area of Ferriday in the north to the river's mouth beyond Morgan City. The National Heritage Area is divided into four regions: Upper, Between 2 Rivers, Bayou Teche Corridor and the Coastal Zone. The designation provides a framework for the promotion and interpretation of the area's cultural and historic character, and the preservation", "id": "9171577" }, { "contents": "Niagara Falls National Heritage Area\n\n\nNiagara Falls National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing the Niagara Falls region of the U.S. State of New York. The heritage area includes the communities of Niagara Falls, Youngstown and Lewiston. The designation provides a framework for the promotion and interpretation of the area's cultural and historic character, and the preservation of the natural and built environment. The heritage area designation recognizes the area's importance to Native Americans, to early European explorers of America, the American Revolution, the War of 1812 and the area's", "id": "9115304" }, { "contents": "Warren County, Mississippi\n\n\nWarren County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 48,773. Its county seat is Vicksburg. Created by legislative act of 22 December 1809, Warren County is named for American Revolutionary War officer Joseph Warren. Part of the Mississippi Delta and the historic cotton culture, Warren County is included in the Vicksburg, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Jackson-Vicksburg-Brookhaven, MS Combined Statistical Area. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the", "id": "10555530" }, { "contents": "Greenwood, Mississippi micropolitan area\n\n\nThe Greenwood Micropolitan Statistical Area is a micropolitan area in the northwestern Delta region of Mississippi that covers two counties - Leflore and Carroll. As of the 2000 census, the μSA had a population of 48,716 (though a July 1, 2009 estimate placed the population at 44,841). As of the census of 2000, there were 48,716 people, 17,027 households, and 11,956 families residing within the μSA. The racial makeup of the μSA was 37.22% White, 60.85% African American, 0.10% Native American, 0.54% Asian", "id": "8919330" }, { "contents": "James Thomas (blues musician)\n\n\n\". In 1985, his work was featured in the prestigious Corcoran Gallery in Washington, D.C., where he was introduced to Nancy Reagan, then the First Lady. Thomas's skulls are on display in the Delta Blues Museum, in Clarksdale, Mississippi, and the Highway 61 Blues Museum, in Leland, Mississippi. Thomas played at numerous blues festivals and private parties throughout the area, including the Mississippi Delta Blues and Heritage Festival in Greenville. In the 1970s, Eddie Cusic performed with Thomas at regular engagements. Together they", "id": "17330513" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nand is an important coastal region for the United States, containing more than of coastal wetlands and 37% of the estuarine marsh in the conterminous U.S. The coastal area is the nation's largest drainage basin and drains about 41% of the contiguous United States into the Gulf of Mexico at an average rate of . The modern Mississippi River Delta formed over the last approximately 4,500 years as the Mississippi River deposited sand, clay and silt along its banks and in adjacent basins. The Mississippi River Delta is a river-dominated delta system", "id": "16619564" }, { "contents": "Arabia Mountain National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Arabia Mountain National Heritage Area is a National Heritage Area in the U.S. state of Georgia that encompasses natural, cultural, and historical elements to form a cohesive, nationally significant environment. The area is due east of Atlanta and spans reaching from the historic commercial center of Lithonia to the Monastery of the Holy Spirit in Conyers, including a number of sites in between, including Panola Mountain State Park, Davidson-Arabia Mountain Nature Preserve, the Mall at Stonecrest, and more. The Heritage Area was established in 2006, and", "id": "352970" }, { "contents": "Sangre de Cristo National Heritage Area\n\n\nSangre de Cristo National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the south central portion of the U.S. state of Colorado. The heritage area includes the San Luis Valley and portions of the Sangre de Cristo Range. The region combines influences of Anglo-American, Hispano-American and Native American influences. It also includes portions of the upper Rio Grande valley. The national heritage area includes Alamosa, Costilla, and Conejos counties, and portions of Saguache and Rio Grande counties. It also includes within its boundaries Great Sand", "id": "17389640" }, { "contents": "Delta State–Mississippi College football rivalry\n\n\nThe Delta State–Mississippi College football rivalry, commonly known as the Heritage Bell Classic, is a college football rivalry game between a public university and a private Christian college in the U.S. state of Mississippi, the Delta State University Statesmen and the Mississippi College Choctaws. The current winner is Delta State, who won, 28–21, on November 10, 2018. Delta State leads the all-time series, 22–15–2. The Delta State Statesmen were co-founding members of the Gulf South Conference in 1970. Mississippi College joined the", "id": "15797675" }, { "contents": "Delta blues\n\n\nDelta blues is one of the earliest-known styles of blues music. It originated in the Mississippi Delta, a region of the U.S. stretching from Memphis, Tennessee, in the north to Vicksburg, Mississippi, in the south and from Helena, Arkansas, in the west to the Yazoo River in the east. The Mississippi Delta is famous for its fertile soil and for its poverty. Delta blues is regarded as a regional variant of country blues. Guitar and harmonica are its dominant instruments; slide guitar is a hallmark of", "id": "7794018" }, { "contents": "Arkansas Delta\n\n\na decline. Charles Bowden of \"National Geographic\" wrote, \"By 1970 the sharecropping world was already disappearing, and the landscape of today—huge fields, giant machines, battered towns, few people—beginning to emerge.\" The Arkansas Delta is known for its rich musical heritage. While defined primarily by its deep blues/gospel roots, it is distinguished somewhat from its Mississippi Delta counterpart by more intricately interwoven country music and R&B elements. Arkansas blues musicians have defined every genre of blues from its inception, including", "id": "6558110" }, { "contents": "Greenwood High School (Mississippi)\n\n\nGreenwood High School is a public high school located in Greenwood, Leflore County, in the U.S. state of Mississippi. The school is part of the Greenwood Public School District. Greenwood, Mississippi, is a town of slightly over 15,000 residents located on the banks of the Yazoo River about south of Memphis, Tennessee, and about north of Jackson, Mississippi. The city and county are named after Greenwood Leflore, the designated leader of the Choctaw nation who ceded Mississippi land under pressure of the 1830 Indian Removal Act to the United", "id": "4541464" }, { "contents": "Upper Housatonic Valley National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Upper Housatonic Valley National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the U.S. states of Connecticut and Massachusetts. The heritage area interprets and promotes the historical, cultural and scenic features of the upper Housatonic River valley in the western part of both states. The heritage area focuses on five themes: the area's role as a resort for writers, artists, actors and musicians, the scenic landscape, the area's role in industry, the American Revolutionary War, and the social and religious groups associated with the area", "id": "17597179" }, { "contents": "National Heritage Area\n\n\nA National Heritage Area is a site designated by United States and intended to encourage historic preservation of the area and an appreciation of the history and heritage of the site. There are currently 55 National Heritage Areas, some of which use variations of the title, such as National Heritage Corridor. National Heritage Areas (NHAs) are not National Park Service units or federally owned or managed land. NHAs are administered by state governments or non-profit organizations or other private corporations, referred to as \"local coordinating entities\". The", "id": "2301876" }, { "contents": "Lackawanna Heritage Valley National and State Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Lackawanna Heritage Valley National and State Heritage Area is a state and federally designated National Heritage Area in northeastern Pennsylvania. It was initially established in 1991 as the first State Heritage Park in Pennsylvania, and was additionally designated a National Heritage Area in 2000. The designations recognize the area's heritage of industry, architecture, history and natural resources, and provide a framework for development and promotion of these features. The Lackawanna Heritage Valley National and State Heritage Area is managed by the Lackawanna Heritage Valley Authority, or LHVA. The National", "id": "16220344" }, { "contents": "Kenai Mountains – Turnagain Arm National Heritage Area\n\n\nKenai Mountains – Turnagain Arm National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the U.S. state of Alaska. The heritage area extends across the northern part of the Kenai Peninsula, immediately to the north and east of Kenai Fjords National Park. The designation recognizes the area's unique cultural, scenic and historical features and provides a unified organization for promotion of the area's attractions. The Kenai Mountains – Turnagain Arm National Heritage Area (KMTA) includes the road corridor between Seward and Hope and Whittier, from Resurrection Bay in", "id": "16167272" }, { "contents": "Mayersville, Mississippi\n\n\nMayersville is a town on the east bank of the Mississippi River, and the county seat for Issaquena County, Mississippi, United States. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region, known for cotton cultivation in the antebellum era. Once the trading center for the county, the town was superseded when railroads were built into the area. The population of the majority-black town was 547 at the 2010 census, down from 795 at the 2000 census. Native Americans had lived in this area since prehistoric times. The Mayersville", "id": "2222833" }, { "contents": "Crenshaw, Mississippi\n\n\nCrenshaw is a town in Panola and Quitman counties in the U.S. state of Mississippi. The population was 916 at the 2000 census. Crenshaw is located at (34.502661, -90.195841). Most of the town is in Panola County with a small portion on the west side in Quitman County. In the 2000 census, 697 of the town's 916 residents (76.1%) lived in Panola County and 219 (23.9%) in Quitman County. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of", "id": "17931693" }, { "contents": "Panola County, Mississippi\n\n\nPanola County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 34,707. Its county seats are Sardis and Batesville. Panola is the anglicization of \"ponolo\", a word meaning thread in both old Choctaw and Chickasaw and cotton in modern Choctaw. The county is located just east of the Mississippi Delta and bisected by the Tallahatchie River flowing to the southwest, separating the two county seats. Panola County was established February 9, 1836, and is one of the twelve large", "id": "10555705" }, { "contents": "MotorCities National Heritage Area\n\n\nMotorCities National Heritage Area or Motor Cities National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area that commemorates and promotes the automobile industry in Metro Detroit, with portions of 16 counties in southern Michigan, United States. The scope of the heritage area includes sites and events relating to the motor industry as well as the industry's impact on labor, society and the environment. The heritage area comprises more than 1200 automotive-related sites, including the Henry Ford Museum, Fair Lane, various Ford plants, the Automotive Hall of Fame", "id": "16976479" }, { "contents": "Great Basin National Heritage Area\n\n\nGreat Basin National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in Nevada and Utah, including White Pine County, Nevada and Millard County, Utah. The area was designated to recognize and promote the scenic and cultural resources associated with this central portion of the Great Basin. The National Heritage Area includes Great Basin National Park and portions of Humboldt-Toiyabe and Fishlake National Forests, as well as Fort Deseret, Sevier Lake and the Topaz War Relocation Center. Great Basin National Heritage Area was designated on October 13, 2006.", "id": "15909144" }, { "contents": "Crowder, Mississippi\n\n\nCrowder is a town in Panola and Quitman counties in the state of Mississippi. The population was 766 at the 2000 census. Most of Crowder is in Quitman County with a portion on the east in adjacent Panola County. In the 2000 census, 462 of the town's 766 residents (60.3%) lived in Quitman County and 304 (39.7%) in Panola County. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 0.4 square miles (1.2 km², all land. As of the", "id": "17931698" }, { "contents": "Rivers of Steel National Heritage Area\n\n\nRivers of Steel National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in southwestern Pennsylvania, centered on Pittsburgh and oriented around the interpretation and promotion of the region's steel-making heritage. The area roughly covers the valleys of the Ohio, Monongahela and lower Allegheny rivers. Major interpretive locations include the Carrie Furnace, Pinkerton's Landing Bridge and other features of the Homestead Steel Works. The national heritage area comprises Allegheny, Armstrong, Beaver, Butler, Greene, Fayette, Washington and Westmoreland counties. Rivers of Steel National Heritage", "id": "17389345" }, { "contents": "Crowley's Ridge Parkway\n\n\nroute which allowed the traveler to experience the Southern heritage of the area. The National Scenic Byway designation came the following year, with an extension into Missouri in 2000. The majority of the route is in Arkansas, and the parkway begins in Phillips County, Arkansas, in Helena-West Helena very near the Helena Bridge over the Mississippi River. Beginning at US Route 49 (US 49) and running north with US 49 Business (US 49B), the route passes historic properties including the Delta Cultural Center, the Jerome", "id": "1149985" }, { "contents": "Issaquena County, Mississippi\n\n\nIssaquena County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 1,406, making it the least populous county in the United States east of the Mississippi River. Its county seat is Mayersville. With a per-capita income of $18,598, Issaquena County is the poorest county in the United States. Issaquena County is located in the Mississippi Delta region. The Mississippi River flows along the entire western boundary of the county, and many of the earliest communities were river ports.", "id": "10611264" }, { "contents": "Delta Regional Authority\n\n\n, Mississippi; Tunica County, Mississippi; Union County, Mississippi; Walthall County, Mississippi; Warren County, Mississippi; Washington County, Mississippi; Wilkinson County, Mississippi; Yalobusha County, Mississippi; Yazoo County, Mississippi Missouri Bollinger County, Missouri; Butler County, Missouri; Cape Girardeau County, Missouri; Carter County, Missouri; Crawford County, Missouri; Dent County, Missouri; Douglas County, Missouri; Dunklin County, Missouri; Howell County, Missouri; Iron County, Missouri; Madison County, Missouri; Mississippi", "id": "11170385" }, { "contents": "Tunica County, Mississippi\n\n\nTunica County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 10,778. Its county seat is Tunica. The county is named for the Tunica Native Americans. Most migrated to central Louisiana during the colonial period. Tunica County is part of the Memphis, TN-MS-AR Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region. Since the late 20th century, it is known for Tunica Resorts (formerly Robinsonville), an unincorporated community that is the site", "id": "10555567" }, { "contents": "Emmett Till\n\n\nin the Mississippi Delta are memorialized as associated with Till. Emmett Till was born in 1941 in Chicago; he was the son of Mamie Carthan (1921–2003) and Louis Till (1922–1945). Emmett's mother Mamie was born in the small Delta town of Webb, Mississippi. The Delta region encompasses the large, multi-county area of northwestern Mississippi in the watershed of the Yazoo and Mississippi rivers. When Carthan was two years old, her family moved to Argo, Illinois, as part of the Great Migration of rural", "id": "2570054" }, { "contents": "History of New Orleans\n\n\nUnion during the Civil War. With its rich and unique cultural and architectural heritage, it remains a major destination for tourism, conventions, and major sports events, even after the major destruction and loss of life resulting from Hurricane Katrina in 2005. The land mass that was to become the city of New Orleans was formed around 2200 BC when the Mississippi River deposited silt creating the delta region. Before Europeans founded the settlement, the area was inhabited by Native Americans for about 1300 years. The Mississippian culture peoples built mounds and", "id": "3084005" }, { "contents": "B.B. King Museum\n\n\nKing worked in the 1940s. The museum also contains an extensive collection of artifacts owned by King and displays exhibits about his life and the lives of other musicians of the delta region and the culture where the blues arose. The museum commemorates the famous blues artist, B.B King, who was from the Mississippi Delta. The museum has multiple exhibits highlighting King's Delta Blue music. Exhibits include interactive exhibits, King memorabilia, and stories. The museum seeks to help preserve Delta Blues and its culture by promoting its importance. In", "id": "17262604" }, { "contents": "Missouri Bootheel\n\n\nwrites: Given the population in the area, even a moderately sized earthquake would be disastrous. The Bootheel (pronounced Boothill in the region) is on the edge of the Mississippi Delta culture that produced the Delta blues. Its relatively large black population makes it distinct from the rest of rural Missouri. The area has a unique rural black culture reflected in its music, churches and other traditions. The black population ranges from about 26% in Pemiscot County, to 15% in New Madrid County, and about 9% in", "id": "12618286" }, { "contents": "Moorhead, Mississippi\n\n\nMoorhead is a city in Sunflower County, Mississippi. As of the 2000 census, the city population was 2,573. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of , of which is land and 0.77% is water. Moorhead is along U.S. Route 82, east of Indianola. Moorhead is located at the intersection of the Southern and Yazoo Delta railroads. This is the origin of the legendary blues crossroads phrase \"where the Southern cross the Dog\". As of the 2010 United States Census,", "id": "2223816" }, { "contents": "Blanche Bruce\n\n\nsteamboat porter on the Mississippi River. In 1864, he moved to Hannibal, Missouri, where he established a school for black children. In 1868, during Reconstruction, Bruce relocated to Bolivar near Cleveland in northwestern Mississippi, at which he purchased a Mississippi Delta plantation. He became a wealthy landowner of several thousand acres in the Mississippi Delta. He was appointed to the positions of Tallahatchie County registrar of voters and tax assessor before he won an election for sheriff in Bolivar County. He later was elected to other county positions,", "id": "13640962" }, { "contents": "Delta, Mississippi\n\n\nDelta is a ghost town in Coahoma County, Mississippi, United States. Once a thriving port on the Mississippi River, Delta today is covered by farmland and a portion of the Mississippi Levee. Nothing remains of the original settlement. The county seat was moved from Port Royal to Delta in 1842. In 1844, Delta was surveyed and laid off into lots. The town had a population of about 700, and was a busy steamboat port. Delta incorporated in 1848. That same year, the river flooded the town,", "id": "8584565" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nbenefits that are unique to the region. These vital resources are at constant risk of being lost with the continual land loss and the decreasing size of the natural coastal area. The Mississippi River Delta has a strong economy which relies heavily on tourism and recreational activities such as fishing, hunting and wildlife watching as well as commercial fishing, oil, gas, and shipping industries. There are a number of major industries in the Mississippi River Delta that drive the local and national economy, including: In total, the five Gulf Coast", "id": "16619584" }, { "contents": "Holmes County, Mississippi\n\n\nHolmes County is a county in the U.S. state of Mississippi; its western border is formed by the Yazoo River and the eastern border by the Big Black River. The western part of the county is within the Yazoo-Mississippi Delta. As of the 2010 census, the population was 19,198. Its county seat is Lexington. The county is named in honor of David Holmes, territorial governor and the first governor of the state of Mississippi and later United States Senator for Mississippi. A favorite son, Edmond Favor Noel, was", "id": "10611282" }, { "contents": "Greenville, Mississippi\n\n\nGreenville is a city in, and the county seat of, Washington County, Mississippi, United States. The population was 34,400 at the 2010 census. It is located in the area of historic cotton plantations and culture known as the Mississippi Delta. This area was occupied by indigenous peoples for thousands of years. When the French explored here, they encountered the historic Natchez people. As part of their colony known as \"La Louisiane\", the French established a settlement at what became Natchez, Mississippi. Other Native American tribes", "id": "2224007" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nartery. In addition to shipping, local and commercial fisheries continued to expand. The discovery of vast oil and gas deposits brought further economic and environmental changes to the delta. Despite these profound changes, the delta today remains very much rooted in the vibrant cultural and social traditions of its residents. The Mississippi River Delta is home to more than two million people. The location of the delta at the mouth of the Mississippi River allowed for the area to be a cultural gateway into the United States, and influenced the mix of", "id": "16619576" }, { "contents": "Essex Heritage\n\n\nEssex Heritage is a non-profit organization charted to promote the cultural heritage of Essex County in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. Working with both public and private partnerships and with the National Park Service, the group supports and develops programs that enhance, preserve and encourage regional awareness of the area’s unique historic, cultural and natural resources. Headquartered in Salem, Massachusetts, the Commission services the 34 communities of Essex County. It has been recognized by the United States Congress in recognition of the important role that this region played in American", "id": "16609234" }, { "contents": "Washington County, Mississippi\n\n\nWashington County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 51,137. Its county seat is Greenville. The county is named in honor of the first President of the United States, George Washington. The Greenville, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area includes all of Washington County. It is located in the Mississippi Delta. Located in the Mississippi Delta, Washington County was first developed for cotton cultivation in the antebellum years. Most plantations were developed to have access to the rivers, which", "id": "10555522" }, { "contents": "Mississippi\n\n\nIsland. The northwest remainder of the state consists of the Mississippi Delta, a section of the Mississippi Alluvial Plain. The plain is narrow in the south and widens north of Vicksburg. The region has rich soil, partly made up of silt which had been regularly deposited by the flood waters of the Mississippi River. Areas under the management of the National Park Service include: Mississippi City Population Rankings of at least 50,000 (United States Census Bureau as of 2017): Mississippi City Population Rankings of at least 20,000 but fewer than", "id": "21293458" }, { "contents": "Belzoni, Mississippi\n\n\nBelzoni ( ) is a city in Humphreys County, Mississippi, in the Mississippi Delta region, on the Yazoo River. The population was 2,235 at the 2010 census. It is the county seat of Humphreys County. It was named for the 19th-century Italian archaeologist/explorer Giovanni Battista Belzoni. The area was named Farm-Raised Catfish Capital of the World in 1976 by then Governor Cliff Finch, since it produces more farm-raised catfish than any other U.S. county. About of the county are under water in ponds", "id": "2222804" }, { "contents": "2011 Mississippi River floods\n\n\nfrom Vicksburg was cut off for more than two weeks. U.S. Highway 61 between Vicksburg and Port Gibson was closed by backwater flooding along the Big Black River on May 12; it reopened June 1. Another portion of U.S. Highway 61 near Redwood was closed by backwater flooding along the Yazoo River on May 13 and was closed until June 3. In anticipation of major flooding, the U.S. federal government declared 14 counties along the Mississippi River, the Thames River: Adams, Bolivar, Claiborne, Coahoma, DeSoto, Humphreys, Issaquena", "id": "8214155" }, { "contents": "Memphis, Tennessee\n\n\nother places in the world could offer cheaper labor, and the workforce was undereducated for today's challenges. The Memphis Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA), the 42nd largest in the United States, has a 2010 population of 1,316,100 and includes the Tennessee counties of Shelby, Tipton and Fayette; as well as the northern Mississippi counties of DeSoto, Marshall, Tate, and Tunica; and Crittenden County, Arkansas, all part of the Mississippi Delta. The total metropolitan area has a higher proportion of whites and a higher per capita", "id": "4225772" }, { "contents": "Northern Plains National Heritage Area\n\n\nNorthern Plains National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area along an length of the Missouri River in central North Dakota. The heritage area promotes and interprets the scenic, cultural and historic heritage of the region. It extends from Knife River Indian Villages National Historic Site to Huff Indian Village State Historic Site The area interprets the history of the Three Affiliated Tribes, the passage of the Lewis and Clark Expedition, the fur trade, steamboats on the Missouri and Fort Abraham Lincoln. It also interprets the area's association with the", "id": "17044952" }, { "contents": "Tornado outbreak of April 22–25, 2010\n\n\ncrossed the Mississippi River shortly thereafter, and damaged or destroyed numerous homes on the north side of Eagle Lake. The tornado then moved across the Delta National Forest in Issaquena and Sharkey Counties, causing major tree damage. The tornado again caused significant home damage northwest of Satartia, and again as it crossed Highway 3 near the Crupp community. The tornado then moved through rural areas southwest of Yazoo City, causing major damage or total destruction of a number of homes, as well as intense tree damage. As the tornado approached the", "id": "5566995" }, { "contents": "Segregation academy\n\n\npercent of Virginia's non-Hispanic white students attended these isolated schools., In Mississippi, many of the segregation academies were first established in the black-majority Mississippi Delta region in northwestern Mississippi. The Delta has historically had a very large majority-black population, related to the history of the use of slave labor on cotton plantations. The potential for integration resulted in white parents' establishing segregation academies in every county in the Delta. Many academies are still operating, from Indianola, Mississippi to Humphreys County. These schools", "id": "16560206" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nnationalities which settled in the area over time, forming the diversity of the region. Louisiana's first 18th century colonists were French, but they were soon joined by Spanish and Acadian settlers. The region has been home to other European-immigrant ethnic groups, beginning in the 19th century, including German, Sicilian, and Irish. There are also the Africans, West Indians, and Native Americans in the mix. The combination of these groups over time has created the special culture found in the Mississippi River Delta. Two unique", "id": "16619577" }, { "contents": "Champlain Valley National Heritage Area\n\n\nClinton, Essex, Warren, Saratoga and Washington counties in New York, and Bennington, Rutland, Addison, Chittenden, Franklin and Grand Isle counties in Vermont. Attractions located within the National Heritage Area include Fort Ticonderoga, the Lake Champlain Maritime Museum, Saratoga National Historical Park, portions of Adirondack Park and Green Mountain National Forest, Missisquoi National Wildlife Refuge and the Lake Champlain Underwater Historic Preserves. The Champlain Valley National Heritage Area was established by the Champlain Valley National Heritage Act of 2005. It is administered by the Champlain Valley", "id": "9913189" }, { "contents": "Atchafalaya National Heritage Area\n\n\nof the natural and built environment. The heritage area designation recognizes the area's unique environment and culture, and its contributions to music, English and French language, literature, and cuisine. Major locales included in the Heritage Area include Avery Island, New Iberia, Morgan City, Lafayette, Opelousas, Baton Rouge, Plaquemine and Houma. Jean Lafitte National Historical Park, Longfellow-Evangeline State Historic Site and Plaquemine Lock State Historic Site are included in the heritage area, as well as the Louisiana State Museum branches in Baton Rouge", "id": "9171578" }, { "contents": "Bryant Clark\n\n\nBryant W. Clark (born October 31, 1974) is an American politician from the state of Mississippi. A member of the Democratic Party, Clark is a member of the Mississippi House of Representatives, and represents the 47th district. He has served in the Mississippi House since 2004. The district includes parts of Attala, Holmes and Yazoo counties, which is located in central Mississippi. The district comprises both the Hills and Mississippi Delta regions of the state. Clark is a lifelong resident of Ebenezer, located in southern Holmes County", "id": "18412525" }, { "contents": "Louisiana African American Heritage Trail\n\n\nLouisiana African American Heritage Trail () is a cultural heritage trail with 26 sites designated in 2008 by the state of Louisiana, from New Orleans along the Mississippi River to Baton Rouge and Shreveport, with sites in small towns and plantations also included. In New Orleans several sites are within a walking area. Auto travel is required to reach sites outside the city. A variety of African-American museums devoted to art, history and culture are on the \"trail\", as is the Cane River Creole National Historical Park,", "id": "6088712" }, { "contents": "Delta Blues Museum\n\n\nThe Delta Blues Museum in Clarksdale, Mississippi, United States exists to collect, preserve, and provide public access to and awareness of the blues. Along with holdings of significant blues-related memorabilia, the museum also exhibits and collects art portraying the blues tradition, including works by sculptor Floyd Shaman and photographer Birney Imes. The museum is located in the Yazoo and Mississippi Valley Passenger Depot, also known as Illinois Central Passenger Depot or Clarksdale Passenger Depot, which was built in 1926 and listed on the National Register of Historic Places", "id": "19201111" }, { "contents": "Clarksdale, Mississippi\n\n\nClarksdale is a city in Coahoma County, Mississippi, United States, and seat of the county. The western boundary of the county is formed by the Mississippi River. Located in the Mississippi Delta region, Clarksdale is an agricultural and trading center. It has been home to many blues musicians. Clarksdale is named after John Clark, who founded the city in the mid-19th century. Choctaw and Chickasaw Indians occupied the Delta region prior to the arrival of European settlers. Clarksdale was developed at the former intersection of two Indian routes:", "id": "2119137" }, { "contents": "Education segregation in the Mississippi Delta\n\n\nThe Mississippi Delta region has had the most segregated schools -- and for the longest time—of any part of the United States. As recently as the 2016–2017 school year, East Side High School in Cleveland, Mississippi, was practically all black: 359 of 360 students were African-American. The Delta region of Mississippi is nineteen counties in the northwest of the state, bounded on the west by the Mississippi River and the south by the Yazoo River. It is a poor region of the country's poorest state. In", "id": "13439199" } ]

[ { "contents": "Mississippi Delta National Heritage Area\n\n\nMississippi Delta National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area that seeks to preserve and promote the landscape, culture and history of the Mississippi Delta in the northwestern portion of the U.S. state of Mississippi. The region is famous for blues music and a unique culture that has had broad influence on music and literature, both in the United States and worldwide. The national heritage area comprises Bolivar, Carroll, Coahoma, Desoto, Holmes, Humphreys, Issaquena, Leflore, Panola, Quitman, Sharkey, Tallahatchie, Tate, Tunica", "id": "16296069" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta\n\n\nyears. The land is flat and contains some of the most fertile soil in the world. It is two hundred miles long and seventy miles across at its widest point, encompassing approximately 4,415,000 acres, or, some 7,000 square miles of alluvial floodplain. On the east, it is bounded by bluffs extending beyond the Yazoo River. It includes all or part of the following counties: Washington, Western DeSoto, Humphreys, Carroll, Issaquena, Western Panola, Quitman, Bolivar, Coahoma, Leflore, Sunflower, Sharkey, Tate", "id": "15159893" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta Community College\n\n\nof Mississippi in April 1928. The name was changed to Mississippi Delta Junior College in 1960 and to Mississippi Delta Community College in 1989. The official service area of the college includes Bolivar, Humphreys, Issaquena, Leflore, Sharkey, Sunflower, and Washington counties. Coahoma County was originally in the college's service area, but the Mississippi Legislature removed it effective July 1, 1995, and it is now served by the Coahoma Community College. The main campus is located in Moorhead, Mississippi. Stauffer-Wood Administration Building houses", "id": "21307039" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Gulf Coast National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Mississippi Gulf Coast National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area along the Gulf coast of Mississippi. The designated area comprises six counties recognized for their unique cultural and scenic qualities. The National Heritage Area designation provides a unified marketing and promotional framework for the region. The National Heritage Area comprises Pearl River, Stone, George, Hancock, Harrison and Jackson counties. It includes the Mississippi portion of Gulf Islands National Seashore. The area was devastated by Hurricane Katrina in 2005. Much of the national heritage area's efforts", "id": "16361240" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Hills National Heritage Area\n\n\nMississippi Hills National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the northeastern portion of the U.S. state of Mississippi. The designation commemorates the region's impact on American culture and its role in the American Civil War and the American civil rights movement. The national heritage area designation provides a unified marketing and promotion framework for the area. The national heritage area covers all of Marshall, Benton, Tippah, Alcorn, Tishomingo, Lafayette, Union, Pontotoc, Lee, Itawamba, Calhoun, Chickasaw and Monroe counties, and those", "id": "17388610" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River floods of 2019\n\n\nwith some inundated by 15 feet of water. The Yazoo Backwater Area in the Mississippi Delta north of Vicksburg, Mississippi, experienced both record flood stages and record duration of flooding during the winter, spring, and summer of 2019. Portions of Warren, Issaquena, Sharkey, Yazoo, Humphreys, and Washington Counties were flooded. Almost half of the land area of Issaquena and Sharkey Counties experienced flooding. In late May, flood waters covered over 860 square miles (550,000 acres or 220,000 hectares), including about 390 square miles", "id": "13577492" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta\n\n\n, Tunica, Tallahatchie, Western Holmes, Western Yazoo, Western Grenada and Warren. Lexington is also part of the delta. The shifting river delta at the mouth of the Mississippi on the Gulf Coast lies some 300 miles south of this area, and is referred to as the Mississippi River Delta. The two should not be confused. Chinese began settling in Bolivar County and other Delta counties as plantation workers in the 1870s, though most Delta Chinese families migrated to the state between the 1900s and 1930s. Most Chinese immigrants worked", "id": "15159894" }, { "contents": "George W. Gayles\n\n\n1882, and then again in 1884 and 1886. In the House, he represented the 28th district, which included Bolivar, Coahoma, and Quitman County.In the Senate, he represented the ninth district, including Bolivar, Calhoun, and Sunflower counties. He was also chairman of the Third district Republican Convention in 1886 in Mississippi consisting of Bolivar, Coahoma, Issaquena, Leflore, Sunflower, Sharkey, Tunica, Quitman, Washington, and Warren counties. He was the only black state senator in Mississippi during his terms and", "id": "20783617" }, { "contents": "Coahoma County, Mississippi\n\n\nCoahoma County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 26,151. Its county seat is Clarksdale. The Clarksdale, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area includes all of Coahoma County. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region of Mississippi. Coahoma County was established February 9, 1836, and is located in the northwestern part of the state in the fertile Yazoo Delta region. The name \"Coahoma\" is a Choctaw word meaning \"red panther.\" The act creating the county", "id": "10611425" }, { "contents": "Delta Regional Authority\n\n\nMississippi; Jefferson Davis County, Mississippi; Lawrence County, Mississippi; Leflore County, Mississippi; Lafayette County, Mississippi; Madison County, Mississippi; Marion County, Mississippi; Lincoln County, Mississippi; Montgomery County, Mississippi; Panola County, Mississippi; Marshall County, Mississippi; Quitman County, Mississippi; Rankin County, Mississippi; Pike County, Mississippi; Smith County, Mississippi; Sunflower County, Mississippi; Sharkey County, Mississippi; Simpson County, Mississippi; Tippah County, Mississippi; Tallahatchie County, Mississippi; Tate County", "id": "11170384" }, { "contents": "Delta Regional Authority\n\n\nLouisiana; Winn Parish, Louisiana Mississippi Adams County, Mississippi; Amite County, Mississippi; Attala County, Mississippi; Benton County, Mississippi; Bolivar County, Mississippi; Carroll County, Mississippi; Claiborne County, Mississippi; Coahoma County, Mississippi; Copiah County, Mississippi; Covington County, Mississippi; DeSoto County, Mississippi; Franklin County, Mississippi; Grenada County, Mississippi; Hinds County, Mississippi; Holmes County, Mississippi; Humphreys County, Mississippi; Issaquena County, Mississippi; Jasper County, Mississippi; Jefferson County,", "id": "11170383" }, { "contents": "South Park National Heritage Area\n\n\nSouth Park National Heritage Area is a U.S. National Heritage Area encompassing the South Park of Colorado. Established on March 30, 2009 by the Omnibus Public Land Management Act of 2009 (§7002), the South Park NHA is managed by the Park County, Colorado Office of Tourism to promote and interpret the area's natural, scenic, and cultural resources. The National Heritage Area designation funds promotion of the area's mining, recreation, and ranching heritage. The National Heritage Area covers the majority of Park County, including the", "id": "8157140" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Civil Rights Museum\n\n\n2017, the Mississippi Department of Archives and History brought in Pam Junior as the new museum Director. Junior came from the Smith Robertson Museum and Cultural Center in Jackson, where she had been manager since 1999. Junior is a member of the board of directors for the Mississippi Delta National Heritage Area and Mississippi Book Festival and a co-founder of the Mississippi Black Theater Festival The museum hired Hilferty & Associates to design exhibits for the museum, which were fabricated by Exhibit Concepts. Monadnock Media designed the audio portions of the exhibits", "id": "6914076" }, { "contents": "Leflore County, Mississippi\n\n\nLeflore County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 32,317. The county seat is Greenwood. The county is named for Choctaw leader Greenwood LeFlore, who signed a treaty to cede his people's land to the United States in exchange for land in Indian Territory. LeFlore stayed in Mississippi, settling on land reserved for him in Tallahatchie County. Leflore County is part of the Greenwood, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region, with", "id": "10611085" }, { "contents": "Tallahatchie County, Mississippi\n\n\nTallahatchie County is a county in the U.S. state of Mississippi. At the 2010 census, the population was 15,378. Its county seats are Charleston and Sumner. Tallahatchie County is located in the Mississippi Delta region, divided by the Tallahatchie River which runs from north to south through the county before joining what becomes the Yazoo River in LeFlore County. The county was founded on December 31, 1833 after most of the Choctaw Nation was forced out under Indian Removal. Tallahatchie is a Choctaw name meaning \"rock of waters\". The", "id": "10555589" }, { "contents": "National Coal Heritage Area\n\n\nThe National Coal Heritage Area (NCHA) is a federally designated region of thirteen counties in West Virginia that were the source of \"smokeless\" bituminous coal through much of the 20th century. The National Heritage Area recognizes the area's cultural and historic qualities and serves to promote tourism, historic preservation and economic development in the region. The idea of the NCHA was first proposed in the early 1990s by Congressman Nick Rahall, and was established on November 12, 1996 by the 1996 Omnibus Parks and Public Lands Management Act. The", "id": "8963174" }, { "contents": "Muscle Shoals National Heritage Area\n\n\nMuscle Shoals National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the northwestern portion of the U.S. state of Alabama. It is centered on the portion of the Tennessee River around Muscle Shoals and interprets the region's history and culture. Muscle Shoals National Heritage Area comprises Lauderdale, Limestone, Colbert, Franklin, Lawrence and Morgan counties. Significant features of the heritage area include Wheeler Dam, Wilson Dam, Ivy Green, Rosenbaum House, Barton Hall and the northern end of the Natchez Trace. Muscle Shoals National Heritage Area was", "id": "16977602" }, { "contents": "Deer Creek (Mississippi)\n\n\nDeer Creek (also Issaquena Creek or Lower Deer Creek) is a creek in the U.S. state of Mississippi. Its source is Lake Bolivar, in Scott, Bolivar County, Mississippi. As Deer Creek flows south through the Mississippi Delta, it passes through the following counties: Bolivar, Washington, Sharkey, Issaquena, and Warren; and through the following communities: Metcalfe, Stoneville, Leland, Burdett, Arcola, Hollandale, Panther Burn, Nitta Yuma, Anguilla, Rolling Fork, Cary, Onward, and Valley Park.", "id": "1520113" }, { "contents": "Money, Mississippi\n\n\nMoney is an unincorporated Mississippi Delta community near Greenwood in Leflore County, Mississippi, United States. It has fewer than 100 residents, down from 400 in the early 1950s when a cotton mill operated there. Money is located on a railroad line along the Tallahatchie River, a tributary of the Yazoo River in the eastern part of the Mississippi Delta. The community has ZIP code 38945 in the Greenwood, Mississippi micropolitan area. Money is the site of the 1955 lynching of 14-year-old Emmett Till by white men, an event", "id": "15040548" }, { "contents": "Sharkey County, Mississippi\n\n\nSharkey County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. Part of the western border is formed by the Yazoo River. According to the 2010 census, the population was 4,916, making it the second-least populous county in Mississippi. Its county seat is Rolling Fork. The county is named after William L. Sharkey, the provisional Governor of Mississippi in 1865. Sharkey County is located in the Mississippi Delta region. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of , of which is land", "id": "10555635" }, { "contents": "Oil Region National Heritage Area\n\n\nOil Region National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the northwestern portion of the U.S. state of Pennsylvania. The national heritage area commemorates and promotes the region surrounding Edwin Drake's oil well of 1859 near Titusville, which gave rise to the modern oil industry. The national heritage area includes all of Venango County and a portion of Crawford County, including Titusville and Oil Creek Township The Oil Region National Heritage Area was established by Public Law 108-447 in 2004. It is administered by the Oil Region Alliance.", "id": "17389123" }, { "contents": "Delta National Forest\n\n\nDelta National Forest is a U.S. National Forest in western Mississippi, located in Sharkey County, and has an area of . Delta is operated as the Sunflower Wildlife Management Area. The forest is headquartered in Jackson, as are all six National Forests in Mississippi, but Delta Ranger District office is located in Rolling Fork. It is one of only six National Forests that are contained entirely within a single county and the only bottomland hardwood forest in the National Forest system. The Green Ash-Overcup Oak-Sweetgum Research Natural Areas within", "id": "3631940" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\ninfluences in the Mississippi River Delta. They continue to shape preferences of food, music, and art, as well as to maintain the unique identities existing in the southernmost parts of the region. Both cultures speak a form of French; but they are considered to be autonomous and distinct dialects. From 1910–1920, New Orleans became the birthplace of jazz and since has continued its legacy of being home to budding musicians and new musical experiences, tying music directly to its unique culture and diverse heritage. The origins of jazz and blues", "id": "16619580" }, { "contents": "Journey Through Hallowed Ground National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Journey Through Hallowed Ground National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in portions of Pennsylvania, West Virginia, Maryland and Virginia, in the eastern United States. The Journey Through Hallowed Ground National Heritage Area was established on May 8, 2008 by Public Law 110-229, the Consolidated Natural Resources Act of 2008.The designation provides a framework for the promotion and interpretation of the area's cultural and historic character, with particular emphasis on the region's role in the American Civil War, and the preservation of the natural", "id": "13516660" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta\n\n\nThe Mississippi Delta, also known as the Yazoo-Mississippi Delta, is the distinctive northwest section of the U.S. state of Mississippi (and portions of Arkansas and Louisiana) which lies between the Mississippi and Yazoo Rivers. The region has been called \"The Most Southern Place on Earth\" (\"Southern\" in the sense of \"characteristic of its region, the American South\"), because of its unique racial, cultural, and economic history. It is long and across at its widest point, encompassing about , or", "id": "15159888" }, { "contents": "Freedom's Way National Heritage Area\n\n\nFreedom's Way National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing portions of northern Massachusetts and southern New Hampshire. The heritage area includes sites significant to the American Revolution, cultural sites associated with Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau, and Native American sites. The heritage area seeks to preserve the region's landscape and historic structures. The National Heritage Area includes Minute Man National Historical Park, portions of Middlesex and Worcester counties in Massachusetts, and portions of Hillsborough County, New Hampshire, an area including a total of", "id": "14966358" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta\n\n\nside of the Mississippi River, another area of high poverty). The 1990s state legalization of casino gambling in Mississippi has boosted the Delta's economy, particularly in the areas of Tunica and Vicksburg. A large cultural influence in the region is its history of hunting and fishing. Hunting in the Delta is primarily for game such as whitetail deer, wild turkey, and waterfowl, along with many small game species (squirrel, rabbit, dove, quail, raccoon, etc.) For many years, the hunting and fishing", "id": "15159912" }, { "contents": "Baltimore National Heritage Area\n\n\nBaltimore National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing portions of Baltimore, Maryland, USA. The designated area includes the central portion of the city, waterfront, inner neighborhoods and portions of the city's park system. The district includes Fort McHenry and the Inner Harbor, as well as portions of the Charles Street, Falls Road, National Historic Seaport and Star Spangled Banner Maryland Scenic Byways. The Baltimore National Heritage Area was established on March 30, 2009 by the Omnibus Public Land Management Act of 2009 (§", "id": "8582841" }, { "contents": "B.B. King Museum\n\n\nThe B.B. King Museum and Delta Interpretive Center is a Delta blues museum with the mission to \"empower, unite and heal through music, art and education and share with the world the rich cultural heritage of the Mississippi Delta.\" The museum, named for blues legend, B.B. King, is located in his hometown of Indianola, Mississippi, in the United States. The B.B. King Museum and Delta Interpretive Center opened in Indianola Mississippi on September 13, 2008. The museum features a restored brick cotton gin building in which B.B.", "id": "17262603" }, { "contents": "Louise, Mississippi\n\n\nLouise is a town in Humphreys County, Mississippi. The population was 199 at the 2010 census, down from 315 at the 2000 census. Louise is located in southern Humphreys County at (32.981549, -90.591624), along Silver Creek in the Mississippi Delta region. Mississippi Highway 149 passes just east of the town, leading north to U.S. Route 49W at Silver City and south via Mississippi Highway 16 to Yazoo City. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town of Louise has a total area of , all land.", "id": "2222822" }, { "contents": "Arkansas Delta\n\n\nblues and gospel traditions. The East Central Delta area has produced a small number of talented and influential R&B artists. Arkansas's blues Influence, shares a rich heritage with Mississippi and Memphis, Tennessee. Arkansas was home to numerous blues masters, who are held in high esteem by newer generations learning blues history. Arkansas blues artists influenced decades of pop culture music by such artists as Muddy Waters, Little Milton, B.B. King, Eric Clapton, Jeff Beck, Joe Bonamassa, Stevie Ray Vaughan, George Harrison and the Rolling Stones", "id": "6558115" }, { "contents": "Cruger, Mississippi\n\n\nCruger is a town in Holmes County, Mississippi, United States. The population was 386 at the 2010 census, down from 449 at the 2000 census. Cruger is in the northwest corner of Holmes County, in the Mississippi Delta region along U.S. Route 49E. Greenwood is north of Cruger via US 49E, and Yazoo City is to the south. According to the United States Census Bureau, Cruger has a total area of , all land. As of the census of 2000, there were 449 people, 161 households, and", "id": "2222747" }, { "contents": "Carroll County, Mississippi\n\n\nCarroll County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 10,597. Its county seats are Carollton and Vaiden. The county is named for Charles Carroll of Carrollton, the last surviving signatory of the U.S. Declaration of Independence. Carroll County is part of the Greenwood, Micropolitan Statistical Area. Bordered by the Yazoo River on the west and the Big Black River to the east, it is considered within the Mississippi Delta region. Most of its land is in the hill country", "id": "10611479" }, { "contents": "Minter City, Mississippi\n\n\nMinter City is an unincorporated community located in Leflore County and in Tallahatchie County, Mississippi. It is part of the Greenwood, Mississippi micropolitan area, and is within the Mississippi Delta. Mississippi Highway 8 intersects U.S. Route 49E southwest of Minter City, and the Tallahatchie River flows to the east. There is a post office located on U.S. Route 49E, with a ZIP code of 38944. Variant names for the original settlement were \"Walnut Place Landing\" and \"Minter City Landing\". Spanish explorer Hernando de Soto may have", "id": "12467995" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta AVA\n\n\nThe Mississippi Delta AVA is an American Viticultural Area on the left (east) bank of the Mississippi River, between Memphis, Tennessee, and Vicksburg, Mississippi. It includes portions of the Mississippi Delta and the watershed of the lower Mississippi River in the U.S. states of Louisiana (west bank), Mississippi, and Tennessee. Since the creation of the AVA in 1984, there has been very little viticulture in the Mississippi Delta region. Mississippi State University established an enology laboratory to research grape cultivation in the area, but little", "id": "16585963" }, { "contents": "Greenwood, Mississippi\n\n\nGreenwood is a city in and the county seat of Leflore County, Mississippi, located at the eastern edge of the Mississippi Delta, approximately 96 miles north of the state capital, Jackson, Mississippi, and 130 miles south of the riverport of Memphis, Tennessee. It was a center of cotton planter culture in the 19th century. The population was 16,087 at the 2010 census. It is the principal city of the Greenwood Micropolitan Statistical Area. Greenwood developed at the confluence of the Tallahatchie and the Yalobusha rivers, which form the", "id": "3378194" }, { "contents": "Bolivar County, Mississippi\n\n\nBolivar County ( ) is a county located on the western border of the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 34,145. Its county seats are Rosedale and Cleveland. The county is named in honor of Simón Bolívar, early 19th-century leader of the liberation of several South American colonies from Spain. The Cleveland, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area includes all of Bolivar County. It is located in the Mississippi Delta, or Yazoo Basin, of Mississippi. This area was first developed for cotton plantations", "id": "10611493" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nmusic in the region is closely connected to the Mississippi River and the delta, as the location allowed for an influx of cultural influences, including blues and bluegrass music from upriver, to the African and Latin folk hymns and music from the Caribbean islands. The delta is still synonymous with the sounds of jazz, funk and zydeco and remains to be an important cultural hub for new sounds and music, bringing thousands to the area every year to experience the lifestyle and participate in the natural rhythms of the area. The region is", "id": "16619581" }, { "contents": "Essex National Heritage Commission\n\n\nThe Essex National Heritage Commission (ENHC) is a non-profit organization charted to oversee the Essex National Heritage Area, a National Heritage Area composed of all of Essex County, Massachusetts. The commission promotes the cultural heritage with public and private partnerships and with the National Park Service by developing programs that enhance, preserve and encourage regional awareness of the area's unique historic, cultural and natural resources. The commission is based in Salem. The organization has sponsored a number of events and programs that celebrate the region’s history,", "id": "16440799" }, { "contents": "Blue Ridge National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Blue Ridge National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing the twenty-five westernmost counties of North Carolina, which are associated with the Blue Ridge Mountains. The designation provides a framework for the promotion and interpretation of the area's cultural and historic character, and the preservation of the natural and built environment. The National Heritage Area includes the North Carolina portions of Great Smoky Mountains National Park and the Blue Ridge Parkway. Other attractions include Mount Mitchell in Pisgah National Forest, Nantahala National Forest and the North Carolina", "id": "9719864" }, { "contents": "Poverty Point\n\n\nPoverty Point State Historic Site (; 16 WC 5) is a prehistoric earthwork constructed by the Poverty Point culture. The Poverty Point site is located in present-day northeastern Louisiana though evidence of the Poverty Point culture extends throughout much of the Southeastern United States. The culture extended across the Mississippi Delta and south to the Gulf Coast. The Poverty Point site has been designated as a U.S. National Monument, a U.S. National Historic Landmark, and UNESCO World Heritage Site. Located in the Southern United States, the site is from the", "id": "10100047" }, { "contents": "Geography of Arkansas\n\n\nState Park, Delta Heritage Trail State Park, Felsenthal National Wildlife Refuge, Lake Chicot State Park, Mississippi River State Park, Overflow National Wildlife Refuge and White River National Wildlife Refuge. The flat topography and fertile soils of Southeast Arkansas have been important to the region throughout its history, first to the Native American that inhabited the region. This history is available today at museums like the Pine Bluff/Jefferson County Historical Museum. The area was one of the first explored and settled in Arkansas; including the territorial capital at Arkansas", "id": "17334085" }, { "contents": "Tchula, Mississippi\n\n\nhad vanished, partly due to increased use of machines in agriculture. Many businesses formerly in the town had disappeared. Tchula is in western Holmes County along Tchula Lake, an old river channel in the Mississippi Delta region of the state. U.S. Route 49E passes through the center of town, leading north to Greenwood and southwest to Yazoo. Mississippi Highway 12 leads southeast from Tchula to Lexington, the Holmes County seat. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of , of which , or 2.31", "id": "2222794" }, { "contents": "Freedom's Frontier National Heritage Area\n\n\nFreedom's Frontier National Heritage Area, Inc. (FFNHA) is a federally designated U.S. National Heritage Area located in eastern Kansas and Western Missouri. This heritage area preserves, conserves, and interprets historic and cultural landscapes pertaining to: the shaping of the frontier, the Missouri-Kansas Border War, and the enduring struggle for freedom. FFNHA was authorized on October 12, 2006, with the passage of the National Heritage Areas Act of 2006. The management plan for the heritage area was approved by the Board of Trustees on June", "id": "353294" }, { "contents": "Sunflower County, Mississippi\n\n\nSunflower County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 29,450. Its largest city and county seat is Indianola. Sunflower County comprises the Indianola, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is included in the Cleveland-Indianola, MS Combined Statistical Area. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region. Sunflower Country was created in 1844. The land mass encompassed most of Sunflower and Leflore Counties as we know them today. The first seat of government was Clayton, located near", "id": "10555603" }, { "contents": "Atchafalaya National Heritage Area\n\n\nAtchafalaya National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing parts of fourteen parishes along the Atchafalaya River in the U.S. State of Louisiana. The heritage area extends the length of the Atchafalaya Basin from the area of Ferriday in the north to the river's mouth beyond Morgan City. The National Heritage Area is divided into four regions: Upper, Between 2 Rivers, Bayou Teche Corridor and the Coastal Zone. The designation provides a framework for the promotion and interpretation of the area's cultural and historic character, and the preservation", "id": "9171577" }, { "contents": "Niagara Falls National Heritage Area\n\n\nNiagara Falls National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing the Niagara Falls region of the U.S. State of New York. The heritage area includes the communities of Niagara Falls, Youngstown and Lewiston. The designation provides a framework for the promotion and interpretation of the area's cultural and historic character, and the preservation of the natural and built environment. The heritage area designation recognizes the area's importance to Native Americans, to early European explorers of America, the American Revolution, the War of 1812 and the area's", "id": "9115304" }, { "contents": "Warren County, Mississippi\n\n\nWarren County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 48,773. Its county seat is Vicksburg. Created by legislative act of 22 December 1809, Warren County is named for American Revolutionary War officer Joseph Warren. Part of the Mississippi Delta and the historic cotton culture, Warren County is included in the Vicksburg, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Jackson-Vicksburg-Brookhaven, MS Combined Statistical Area. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the", "id": "10555530" }, { "contents": "Greenwood, Mississippi micropolitan area\n\n\nThe Greenwood Micropolitan Statistical Area is a micropolitan area in the northwestern Delta region of Mississippi that covers two counties - Leflore and Carroll. As of the 2000 census, the μSA had a population of 48,716 (though a July 1, 2009 estimate placed the population at 44,841). As of the census of 2000, there were 48,716 people, 17,027 households, and 11,956 families residing within the μSA. The racial makeup of the μSA was 37.22% White, 60.85% African American, 0.10% Native American, 0.54% Asian", "id": "8919330" }, { "contents": "James Thomas (blues musician)\n\n\n\". In 1985, his work was featured in the prestigious Corcoran Gallery in Washington, D.C., where he was introduced to Nancy Reagan, then the First Lady. Thomas's skulls are on display in the Delta Blues Museum, in Clarksdale, Mississippi, and the Highway 61 Blues Museum, in Leland, Mississippi. Thomas played at numerous blues festivals and private parties throughout the area, including the Mississippi Delta Blues and Heritage Festival in Greenville. In the 1970s, Eddie Cusic performed with Thomas at regular engagements. Together they", "id": "17330513" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nand is an important coastal region for the United States, containing more than of coastal wetlands and 37% of the estuarine marsh in the conterminous U.S. The coastal area is the nation's largest drainage basin and drains about 41% of the contiguous United States into the Gulf of Mexico at an average rate of . The modern Mississippi River Delta formed over the last approximately 4,500 years as the Mississippi River deposited sand, clay and silt along its banks and in adjacent basins. The Mississippi River Delta is a river-dominated delta system", "id": "16619564" }, { "contents": "Arabia Mountain National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Arabia Mountain National Heritage Area is a National Heritage Area in the U.S. state of Georgia that encompasses natural, cultural, and historical elements to form a cohesive, nationally significant environment. The area is due east of Atlanta and spans reaching from the historic commercial center of Lithonia to the Monastery of the Holy Spirit in Conyers, including a number of sites in between, including Panola Mountain State Park, Davidson-Arabia Mountain Nature Preserve, the Mall at Stonecrest, and more. The Heritage Area was established in 2006, and", "id": "352970" }, { "contents": "Sangre de Cristo National Heritage Area\n\n\nSangre de Cristo National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the south central portion of the U.S. state of Colorado. The heritage area includes the San Luis Valley and portions of the Sangre de Cristo Range. The region combines influences of Anglo-American, Hispano-American and Native American influences. It also includes portions of the upper Rio Grande valley. The national heritage area includes Alamosa, Costilla, and Conejos counties, and portions of Saguache and Rio Grande counties. It also includes within its boundaries Great Sand", "id": "17389640" }, { "contents": "Delta State–Mississippi College football rivalry\n\n\nThe Delta State–Mississippi College football rivalry, commonly known as the Heritage Bell Classic, is a college football rivalry game between a public university and a private Christian college in the U.S. state of Mississippi, the Delta State University Statesmen and the Mississippi College Choctaws. The current winner is Delta State, who won, 28–21, on November 10, 2018. Delta State leads the all-time series, 22–15–2. The Delta State Statesmen were co-founding members of the Gulf South Conference in 1970. Mississippi College joined the", "id": "15797675" }, { "contents": "Delta blues\n\n\nDelta blues is one of the earliest-known styles of blues music. It originated in the Mississippi Delta, a region of the U.S. stretching from Memphis, Tennessee, in the north to Vicksburg, Mississippi, in the south and from Helena, Arkansas, in the west to the Yazoo River in the east. The Mississippi Delta is famous for its fertile soil and for its poverty. Delta blues is regarded as a regional variant of country blues. Guitar and harmonica are its dominant instruments; slide guitar is a hallmark of", "id": "7794018" }, { "contents": "Arkansas Delta\n\n\na decline. Charles Bowden of \"National Geographic\" wrote, \"By 1970 the sharecropping world was already disappearing, and the landscape of today—huge fields, giant machines, battered towns, few people—beginning to emerge.\" The Arkansas Delta is known for its rich musical heritage. While defined primarily by its deep blues/gospel roots, it is distinguished somewhat from its Mississippi Delta counterpart by more intricately interwoven country music and R&B elements. Arkansas blues musicians have defined every genre of blues from its inception, including", "id": "6558110" }, { "contents": "Greenwood High School (Mississippi)\n\n\nGreenwood High School is a public high school located in Greenwood, Leflore County, in the U.S. state of Mississippi. The school is part of the Greenwood Public School District. Greenwood, Mississippi, is a town of slightly over 15,000 residents located on the banks of the Yazoo River about south of Memphis, Tennessee, and about north of Jackson, Mississippi. The city and county are named after Greenwood Leflore, the designated leader of the Choctaw nation who ceded Mississippi land under pressure of the 1830 Indian Removal Act to the United", "id": "4541464" }, { "contents": "Upper Housatonic Valley National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Upper Housatonic Valley National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the U.S. states of Connecticut and Massachusetts. The heritage area interprets and promotes the historical, cultural and scenic features of the upper Housatonic River valley in the western part of both states. The heritage area focuses on five themes: the area's role as a resort for writers, artists, actors and musicians, the scenic landscape, the area's role in industry, the American Revolutionary War, and the social and religious groups associated with the area", "id": "17597179" }, { "contents": "National Heritage Area\n\n\nA National Heritage Area is a site designated by United States and intended to encourage historic preservation of the area and an appreciation of the history and heritage of the site. There are currently 55 National Heritage Areas, some of which use variations of the title, such as National Heritage Corridor. National Heritage Areas (NHAs) are not National Park Service units or federally owned or managed land. NHAs are administered by state governments or non-profit organizations or other private corporations, referred to as \"local coordinating entities\". The", "id": "2301876" }, { "contents": "Lackawanna Heritage Valley National and State Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Lackawanna Heritage Valley National and State Heritage Area is a state and federally designated National Heritage Area in northeastern Pennsylvania. It was initially established in 1991 as the first State Heritage Park in Pennsylvania, and was additionally designated a National Heritage Area in 2000. The designations recognize the area's heritage of industry, architecture, history and natural resources, and provide a framework for development and promotion of these features. The Lackawanna Heritage Valley National and State Heritage Area is managed by the Lackawanna Heritage Valley Authority, or LHVA. The National", "id": "16220344" }, { "contents": "Kenai Mountains – Turnagain Arm National Heritage Area\n\n\nKenai Mountains – Turnagain Arm National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the U.S. state of Alaska. The heritage area extends across the northern part of the Kenai Peninsula, immediately to the north and east of Kenai Fjords National Park. The designation recognizes the area's unique cultural, scenic and historical features and provides a unified organization for promotion of the area's attractions. The Kenai Mountains – Turnagain Arm National Heritage Area (KMTA) includes the road corridor between Seward and Hope and Whittier, from Resurrection Bay in", "id": "16167272" }, { "contents": "Mayersville, Mississippi\n\n\nMayersville is a town on the east bank of the Mississippi River, and the county seat for Issaquena County, Mississippi, United States. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region, known for cotton cultivation in the antebellum era. Once the trading center for the county, the town was superseded when railroads were built into the area. The population of the majority-black town was 547 at the 2010 census, down from 795 at the 2000 census. Native Americans had lived in this area since prehistoric times. The Mayersville", "id": "2222833" }, { "contents": "Crenshaw, Mississippi\n\n\nCrenshaw is a town in Panola and Quitman counties in the U.S. state of Mississippi. The population was 916 at the 2000 census. Crenshaw is located at (34.502661, -90.195841). Most of the town is in Panola County with a small portion on the west side in Quitman County. In the 2000 census, 697 of the town's 916 residents (76.1%) lived in Panola County and 219 (23.9%) in Quitman County. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of", "id": "17931693" }, { "contents": "Panola County, Mississippi\n\n\nPanola County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 34,707. Its county seats are Sardis and Batesville. Panola is the anglicization of \"ponolo\", a word meaning thread in both old Choctaw and Chickasaw and cotton in modern Choctaw. The county is located just east of the Mississippi Delta and bisected by the Tallahatchie River flowing to the southwest, separating the two county seats. Panola County was established February 9, 1836, and is one of the twelve large", "id": "10555705" }, { "contents": "MotorCities National Heritage Area\n\n\nMotorCities National Heritage Area or Motor Cities National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area that commemorates and promotes the automobile industry in Metro Detroit, with portions of 16 counties in southern Michigan, United States. The scope of the heritage area includes sites and events relating to the motor industry as well as the industry's impact on labor, society and the environment. The heritage area comprises more than 1200 automotive-related sites, including the Henry Ford Museum, Fair Lane, various Ford plants, the Automotive Hall of Fame", "id": "16976479" }, { "contents": "Great Basin National Heritage Area\n\n\nGreat Basin National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in Nevada and Utah, including White Pine County, Nevada and Millard County, Utah. The area was designated to recognize and promote the scenic and cultural resources associated with this central portion of the Great Basin. The National Heritage Area includes Great Basin National Park and portions of Humboldt-Toiyabe and Fishlake National Forests, as well as Fort Deseret, Sevier Lake and the Topaz War Relocation Center. Great Basin National Heritage Area was designated on October 13, 2006.", "id": "15909144" }, { "contents": "Crowder, Mississippi\n\n\nCrowder is a town in Panola and Quitman counties in the state of Mississippi. The population was 766 at the 2000 census. Most of Crowder is in Quitman County with a portion on the east in adjacent Panola County. In the 2000 census, 462 of the town's 766 residents (60.3%) lived in Quitman County and 304 (39.7%) in Panola County. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 0.4 square miles (1.2 km², all land. As of the", "id": "17931698" }, { "contents": "Rivers of Steel National Heritage Area\n\n\nRivers of Steel National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in southwestern Pennsylvania, centered on Pittsburgh and oriented around the interpretation and promotion of the region's steel-making heritage. The area roughly covers the valleys of the Ohio, Monongahela and lower Allegheny rivers. Major interpretive locations include the Carrie Furnace, Pinkerton's Landing Bridge and other features of the Homestead Steel Works. The national heritage area comprises Allegheny, Armstrong, Beaver, Butler, Greene, Fayette, Washington and Westmoreland counties. Rivers of Steel National Heritage", "id": "17389345" }, { "contents": "Crowley's Ridge Parkway\n\n\nroute which allowed the traveler to experience the Southern heritage of the area. The National Scenic Byway designation came the following year, with an extension into Missouri in 2000. The majority of the route is in Arkansas, and the parkway begins in Phillips County, Arkansas, in Helena-West Helena very near the Helena Bridge over the Mississippi River. Beginning at US Route 49 (US 49) and running north with US 49 Business (US 49B), the route passes historic properties including the Delta Cultural Center, the Jerome", "id": "1149985" }, { "contents": "Issaquena County, Mississippi\n\n\nIssaquena County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 1,406, making it the least populous county in the United States east of the Mississippi River. Its county seat is Mayersville. With a per-capita income of $18,598, Issaquena County is the poorest county in the United States. Issaquena County is located in the Mississippi Delta region. The Mississippi River flows along the entire western boundary of the county, and many of the earliest communities were river ports.", "id": "10611264" }, { "contents": "Delta Regional Authority\n\n\n, Mississippi; Tunica County, Mississippi; Union County, Mississippi; Walthall County, Mississippi; Warren County, Mississippi; Washington County, Mississippi; Wilkinson County, Mississippi; Yalobusha County, Mississippi; Yazoo County, Mississippi Missouri Bollinger County, Missouri; Butler County, Missouri; Cape Girardeau County, Missouri; Carter County, Missouri; Crawford County, Missouri; Dent County, Missouri; Douglas County, Missouri; Dunklin County, Missouri; Howell County, Missouri; Iron County, Missouri; Madison County, Missouri; Mississippi", "id": "11170385" }, { "contents": "Tunica County, Mississippi\n\n\nTunica County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 10,778. Its county seat is Tunica. The county is named for the Tunica Native Americans. Most migrated to central Louisiana during the colonial period. Tunica County is part of the Memphis, TN-MS-AR Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region. Since the late 20th century, it is known for Tunica Resorts (formerly Robinsonville), an unincorporated community that is the site", "id": "10555567" }, { "contents": "Emmett Till\n\n\nin the Mississippi Delta are memorialized as associated with Till. Emmett Till was born in 1941 in Chicago; he was the son of Mamie Carthan (1921–2003) and Louis Till (1922–1945). Emmett's mother Mamie was born in the small Delta town of Webb, Mississippi. The Delta region encompasses the large, multi-county area of northwestern Mississippi in the watershed of the Yazoo and Mississippi rivers. When Carthan was two years old, her family moved to Argo, Illinois, as part of the Great Migration of rural", "id": "2570054" }, { "contents": "History of New Orleans\n\n\nUnion during the Civil War. With its rich and unique cultural and architectural heritage, it remains a major destination for tourism, conventions, and major sports events, even after the major destruction and loss of life resulting from Hurricane Katrina in 2005. The land mass that was to become the city of New Orleans was formed around 2200 BC when the Mississippi River deposited silt creating the delta region. Before Europeans founded the settlement, the area was inhabited by Native Americans for about 1300 years. The Mississippian culture peoples built mounds and", "id": "3084005" }, { "contents": "B.B. King Museum\n\n\nKing worked in the 1940s. The museum also contains an extensive collection of artifacts owned by King and displays exhibits about his life and the lives of other musicians of the delta region and the culture where the blues arose. The museum commemorates the famous blues artist, B.B King, who was from the Mississippi Delta. The museum has multiple exhibits highlighting King's Delta Blue music. Exhibits include interactive exhibits, King memorabilia, and stories. The museum seeks to help preserve Delta Blues and its culture by promoting its importance. In", "id": "17262604" }, { "contents": "Missouri Bootheel\n\n\nwrites: Given the population in the area, even a moderately sized earthquake would be disastrous. The Bootheel (pronounced Boothill in the region) is on the edge of the Mississippi Delta culture that produced the Delta blues. Its relatively large black population makes it distinct from the rest of rural Missouri. The area has a unique rural black culture reflected in its music, churches and other traditions. The black population ranges from about 26% in Pemiscot County, to 15% in New Madrid County, and about 9% in", "id": "12618286" }, { "contents": "Moorhead, Mississippi\n\n\nMoorhead is a city in Sunflower County, Mississippi. As of the 2000 census, the city population was 2,573. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of , of which is land and 0.77% is water. Moorhead is along U.S. Route 82, east of Indianola. Moorhead is located at the intersection of the Southern and Yazoo Delta railroads. This is the origin of the legendary blues crossroads phrase \"where the Southern cross the Dog\". As of the 2010 United States Census,", "id": "2223816" }, { "contents": "Blanche Bruce\n\n\nsteamboat porter on the Mississippi River. In 1864, he moved to Hannibal, Missouri, where he established a school for black children. In 1868, during Reconstruction, Bruce relocated to Bolivar near Cleveland in northwestern Mississippi, at which he purchased a Mississippi Delta plantation. He became a wealthy landowner of several thousand acres in the Mississippi Delta. He was appointed to the positions of Tallahatchie County registrar of voters and tax assessor before he won an election for sheriff in Bolivar County. He later was elected to other county positions,", "id": "13640962" }, { "contents": "Delta, Mississippi\n\n\nDelta is a ghost town in Coahoma County, Mississippi, United States. Once a thriving port on the Mississippi River, Delta today is covered by farmland and a portion of the Mississippi Levee. Nothing remains of the original settlement. The county seat was moved from Port Royal to Delta in 1842. In 1844, Delta was surveyed and laid off into lots. The town had a population of about 700, and was a busy steamboat port. Delta incorporated in 1848. That same year, the river flooded the town,", "id": "8584565" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nbenefits that are unique to the region. These vital resources are at constant risk of being lost with the continual land loss and the decreasing size of the natural coastal area. The Mississippi River Delta has a strong economy which relies heavily on tourism and recreational activities such as fishing, hunting and wildlife watching as well as commercial fishing, oil, gas, and shipping industries. There are a number of major industries in the Mississippi River Delta that drive the local and national economy, including: In total, the five Gulf Coast", "id": "16619584" }, { "contents": "Holmes County, Mississippi\n\n\nHolmes County is a county in the U.S. state of Mississippi; its western border is formed by the Yazoo River and the eastern border by the Big Black River. The western part of the county is within the Yazoo-Mississippi Delta. As of the 2010 census, the population was 19,198. Its county seat is Lexington. The county is named in honor of David Holmes, territorial governor and the first governor of the state of Mississippi and later United States Senator for Mississippi. A favorite son, Edmond Favor Noel, was", "id": "10611282" }, { "contents": "Greenville, Mississippi\n\n\nGreenville is a city in, and the county seat of, Washington County, Mississippi, United States. The population was 34,400 at the 2010 census. It is located in the area of historic cotton plantations and culture known as the Mississippi Delta. This area was occupied by indigenous peoples for thousands of years. When the French explored here, they encountered the historic Natchez people. As part of their colony known as \"La Louisiane\", the French established a settlement at what became Natchez, Mississippi. Other Native American tribes", "id": "2224007" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nartery. In addition to shipping, local and commercial fisheries continued to expand. The discovery of vast oil and gas deposits brought further economic and environmental changes to the delta. Despite these profound changes, the delta today remains very much rooted in the vibrant cultural and social traditions of its residents. The Mississippi River Delta is home to more than two million people. The location of the delta at the mouth of the Mississippi River allowed for the area to be a cultural gateway into the United States, and influenced the mix of", "id": "16619576" }, { "contents": "Essex Heritage\n\n\nEssex Heritage is a non-profit organization charted to promote the cultural heritage of Essex County in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. Working with both public and private partnerships and with the National Park Service, the group supports and develops programs that enhance, preserve and encourage regional awareness of the area’s unique historic, cultural and natural resources. Headquartered in Salem, Massachusetts, the Commission services the 34 communities of Essex County. It has been recognized by the United States Congress in recognition of the important role that this region played in American", "id": "16609234" }, { "contents": "Washington County, Mississippi\n\n\nWashington County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 51,137. Its county seat is Greenville. The county is named in honor of the first President of the United States, George Washington. The Greenville, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area includes all of Washington County. It is located in the Mississippi Delta. Located in the Mississippi Delta, Washington County was first developed for cotton cultivation in the antebellum years. Most plantations were developed to have access to the rivers, which", "id": "10555522" }, { "contents": "Mississippi\n\n\nIsland. The northwest remainder of the state consists of the Mississippi Delta, a section of the Mississippi Alluvial Plain. The plain is narrow in the south and widens north of Vicksburg. The region has rich soil, partly made up of silt which had been regularly deposited by the flood waters of the Mississippi River. Areas under the management of the National Park Service include: Mississippi City Population Rankings of at least 50,000 (United States Census Bureau as of 2017): Mississippi City Population Rankings of at least 20,000 but fewer than", "id": "21293458" }, { "contents": "Belzoni, Mississippi\n\n\nBelzoni ( ) is a city in Humphreys County, Mississippi, in the Mississippi Delta region, on the Yazoo River. The population was 2,235 at the 2010 census. It is the county seat of Humphreys County. It was named for the 19th-century Italian archaeologist/explorer Giovanni Battista Belzoni. The area was named Farm-Raised Catfish Capital of the World in 1976 by then Governor Cliff Finch, since it produces more farm-raised catfish than any other U.S. county. About of the county are under water in ponds", "id": "2222804" }, { "contents": "2011 Mississippi River floods\n\n\nfrom Vicksburg was cut off for more than two weeks. U.S. Highway 61 between Vicksburg and Port Gibson was closed by backwater flooding along the Big Black River on May 12; it reopened June 1. Another portion of U.S. Highway 61 near Redwood was closed by backwater flooding along the Yazoo River on May 13 and was closed until June 3. In anticipation of major flooding, the U.S. federal government declared 14 counties along the Mississippi River, the Thames River: Adams, Bolivar, Claiborne, Coahoma, DeSoto, Humphreys, Issaquena", "id": "8214155" }, { "contents": "Memphis, Tennessee\n\n\nother places in the world could offer cheaper labor, and the workforce was undereducated for today's challenges. The Memphis Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA), the 42nd largest in the United States, has a 2010 population of 1,316,100 and includes the Tennessee counties of Shelby, Tipton and Fayette; as well as the northern Mississippi counties of DeSoto, Marshall, Tate, and Tunica; and Crittenden County, Arkansas, all part of the Mississippi Delta. The total metropolitan area has a higher proportion of whites and a higher per capita", "id": "4225772" }, { "contents": "Northern Plains National Heritage Area\n\n\nNorthern Plains National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area along an length of the Missouri River in central North Dakota. The heritage area promotes and interprets the scenic, cultural and historic heritage of the region. It extends from Knife River Indian Villages National Historic Site to Huff Indian Village State Historic Site The area interprets the history of the Three Affiliated Tribes, the passage of the Lewis and Clark Expedition, the fur trade, steamboats on the Missouri and Fort Abraham Lincoln. It also interprets the area's association with the", "id": "17044952" }, { "contents": "Tornado outbreak of April 22–25, 2010\n\n\ncrossed the Mississippi River shortly thereafter, and damaged or destroyed numerous homes on the north side of Eagle Lake. The tornado then moved across the Delta National Forest in Issaquena and Sharkey Counties, causing major tree damage. The tornado again caused significant home damage northwest of Satartia, and again as it crossed Highway 3 near the Crupp community. The tornado then moved through rural areas southwest of Yazoo City, causing major damage or total destruction of a number of homes, as well as intense tree damage. As the tornado approached the", "id": "5566995" }, { "contents": "Segregation academy\n\n\npercent of Virginia's non-Hispanic white students attended these isolated schools., In Mississippi, many of the segregation academies were first established in the black-majority Mississippi Delta region in northwestern Mississippi. The Delta has historically had a very large majority-black population, related to the history of the use of slave labor on cotton plantations. The potential for integration resulted in white parents' establishing segregation academies in every county in the Delta. Many academies are still operating, from Indianola, Mississippi to Humphreys County. These schools", "id": "16560206" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nnationalities which settled in the area over time, forming the diversity of the region. Louisiana's first 18th century colonists were French, but they were soon joined by Spanish and Acadian settlers. The region has been home to other European-immigrant ethnic groups, beginning in the 19th century, including German, Sicilian, and Irish. There are also the Africans, West Indians, and Native Americans in the mix. The combination of these groups over time has created the special culture found in the Mississippi River Delta. Two unique", "id": "16619577" }, { "contents": "Champlain Valley National Heritage Area\n\n\nClinton, Essex, Warren, Saratoga and Washington counties in New York, and Bennington, Rutland, Addison, Chittenden, Franklin and Grand Isle counties in Vermont. Attractions located within the National Heritage Area include Fort Ticonderoga, the Lake Champlain Maritime Museum, Saratoga National Historical Park, portions of Adirondack Park and Green Mountain National Forest, Missisquoi National Wildlife Refuge and the Lake Champlain Underwater Historic Preserves. The Champlain Valley National Heritage Area was established by the Champlain Valley National Heritage Act of 2005. It is administered by the Champlain Valley", "id": "9913189" }, { "contents": "Atchafalaya National Heritage Area\n\n\nof the natural and built environment. The heritage area designation recognizes the area's unique environment and culture, and its contributions to music, English and French language, literature, and cuisine. Major locales included in the Heritage Area include Avery Island, New Iberia, Morgan City, Lafayette, Opelousas, Baton Rouge, Plaquemine and Houma. Jean Lafitte National Historical Park, Longfellow-Evangeline State Historic Site and Plaquemine Lock State Historic Site are included in the heritage area, as well as the Louisiana State Museum branches in Baton Rouge", "id": "9171578" }, { "contents": "Bryant Clark\n\n\nBryant W. Clark (born October 31, 1974) is an American politician from the state of Mississippi. A member of the Democratic Party, Clark is a member of the Mississippi House of Representatives, and represents the 47th district. He has served in the Mississippi House since 2004. The district includes parts of Attala, Holmes and Yazoo counties, which is located in central Mississippi. The district comprises both the Hills and Mississippi Delta regions of the state. Clark is a lifelong resident of Ebenezer, located in southern Holmes County", "id": "18412525" }, { "contents": "Louisiana African American Heritage Trail\n\n\nLouisiana African American Heritage Trail () is a cultural heritage trail with 26 sites designated in 2008 by the state of Louisiana, from New Orleans along the Mississippi River to Baton Rouge and Shreveport, with sites in small towns and plantations also included. In New Orleans several sites are within a walking area. Auto travel is required to reach sites outside the city. A variety of African-American museums devoted to art, history and culture are on the \"trail\", as is the Cane River Creole National Historical Park,", "id": "6088712" }, { "contents": "Delta Blues Museum\n\n\nThe Delta Blues Museum in Clarksdale, Mississippi, United States exists to collect, preserve, and provide public access to and awareness of the blues. Along with holdings of significant blues-related memorabilia, the museum also exhibits and collects art portraying the blues tradition, including works by sculptor Floyd Shaman and photographer Birney Imes. The museum is located in the Yazoo and Mississippi Valley Passenger Depot, also known as Illinois Central Passenger Depot or Clarksdale Passenger Depot, which was built in 1926 and listed on the National Register of Historic Places", "id": "19201111" }, { "contents": "Clarksdale, Mississippi\n\n\nClarksdale is a city in Coahoma County, Mississippi, United States, and seat of the county. The western boundary of the county is formed by the Mississippi River. Located in the Mississippi Delta region, Clarksdale is an agricultural and trading center. It has been home to many blues musicians. Clarksdale is named after John Clark, who founded the city in the mid-19th century. Choctaw and Chickasaw Indians occupied the Delta region prior to the arrival of European settlers. Clarksdale was developed at the former intersection of two Indian routes:", "id": "2119137" }, { "contents": "Education segregation in the Mississippi Delta\n\n\nThe Mississippi Delta region has had the most segregated schools -- and for the longest time—of any part of the United States. As recently as the 2016–2017 school year, East Side High School in Cleveland, Mississippi, was practically all black: 359 of 360 students were African-American. The Delta region of Mississippi is nineteen counties in the northwest of the state, bounded on the west by the Mississippi River and the south by the Yazoo River. It is a poor region of the country's poorest state. In", "id": "13439199" } ]

[ { "contents": "Mississippi Delta National Heritage Area\n\n\nMississippi Delta National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area that seeks to preserve and promote the landscape, culture and history of the Mississippi Delta in the northwestern portion of the U.S. state of Mississippi. The region is famous for blues music and a unique culture that has had broad influence on music and literature, both in the United States and worldwide. The national heritage area comprises Bolivar, Carroll, Coahoma, Desoto, Holmes, Humphreys, Issaquena, Leflore, Panola, Quitman, Sharkey, Tallahatchie, Tate, Tunica", "id": "16296069" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta\n\n\nyears. The land is flat and contains some of the most fertile soil in the world. It is two hundred miles long and seventy miles across at its widest point, encompassing approximately 4,415,000 acres, or, some 7,000 square miles of alluvial floodplain. On the east, it is bounded by bluffs extending beyond the Yazoo River. It includes all or part of the following counties: Washington, Western DeSoto, Humphreys, Carroll, Issaquena, Western Panola, Quitman, Bolivar, Coahoma, Leflore, Sunflower, Sharkey, Tate", "id": "15159893" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta Community College\n\n\nof Mississippi in April 1928. The name was changed to Mississippi Delta Junior College in 1960 and to Mississippi Delta Community College in 1989. The official service area of the college includes Bolivar, Humphreys, Issaquena, Leflore, Sharkey, Sunflower, and Washington counties. Coahoma County was originally in the college's service area, but the Mississippi Legislature removed it effective July 1, 1995, and it is now served by the Coahoma Community College. The main campus is located in Moorhead, Mississippi. Stauffer-Wood Administration Building houses", "id": "21307039" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Gulf Coast National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Mississippi Gulf Coast National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area along the Gulf coast of Mississippi. The designated area comprises six counties recognized for their unique cultural and scenic qualities. The National Heritage Area designation provides a unified marketing and promotional framework for the region. The National Heritage Area comprises Pearl River, Stone, George, Hancock, Harrison and Jackson counties. It includes the Mississippi portion of Gulf Islands National Seashore. The area was devastated by Hurricane Katrina in 2005. Much of the national heritage area's efforts", "id": "16361240" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Hills National Heritage Area\n\n\nMississippi Hills National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the northeastern portion of the U.S. state of Mississippi. The designation commemorates the region's impact on American culture and its role in the American Civil War and the American civil rights movement. The national heritage area designation provides a unified marketing and promotion framework for the area. The national heritage area covers all of Marshall, Benton, Tippah, Alcorn, Tishomingo, Lafayette, Union, Pontotoc, Lee, Itawamba, Calhoun, Chickasaw and Monroe counties, and those", "id": "17388610" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River floods of 2019\n\n\nwith some inundated by 15 feet of water. The Yazoo Backwater Area in the Mississippi Delta north of Vicksburg, Mississippi, experienced both record flood stages and record duration of flooding during the winter, spring, and summer of 2019. Portions of Warren, Issaquena, Sharkey, Yazoo, Humphreys, and Washington Counties were flooded. Almost half of the land area of Issaquena and Sharkey Counties experienced flooding. In late May, flood waters covered over 860 square miles (550,000 acres or 220,000 hectares), including about 390 square miles", "id": "13577492" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta\n\n\n, Tunica, Tallahatchie, Western Holmes, Western Yazoo, Western Grenada and Warren. Lexington is also part of the delta. The shifting river delta at the mouth of the Mississippi on the Gulf Coast lies some 300 miles south of this area, and is referred to as the Mississippi River Delta. The two should not be confused. Chinese began settling in Bolivar County and other Delta counties as plantation workers in the 1870s, though most Delta Chinese families migrated to the state between the 1900s and 1930s. Most Chinese immigrants worked", "id": "15159894" }, { "contents": "George W. Gayles\n\n\n1882, and then again in 1884 and 1886. In the House, he represented the 28th district, which included Bolivar, Coahoma, and Quitman County.In the Senate, he represented the ninth district, including Bolivar, Calhoun, and Sunflower counties. He was also chairman of the Third district Republican Convention in 1886 in Mississippi consisting of Bolivar, Coahoma, Issaquena, Leflore, Sunflower, Sharkey, Tunica, Quitman, Washington, and Warren counties. He was the only black state senator in Mississippi during his terms and", "id": "20783617" }, { "contents": "Coahoma County, Mississippi\n\n\nCoahoma County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 26,151. Its county seat is Clarksdale. The Clarksdale, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area includes all of Coahoma County. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region of Mississippi. Coahoma County was established February 9, 1836, and is located in the northwestern part of the state in the fertile Yazoo Delta region. The name \"Coahoma\" is a Choctaw word meaning \"red panther.\" The act creating the county", "id": "10611425" }, { "contents": "Delta Regional Authority\n\n\nMississippi; Jefferson Davis County, Mississippi; Lawrence County, Mississippi; Leflore County, Mississippi; Lafayette County, Mississippi; Madison County, Mississippi; Marion County, Mississippi; Lincoln County, Mississippi; Montgomery County, Mississippi; Panola County, Mississippi; Marshall County, Mississippi; Quitman County, Mississippi; Rankin County, Mississippi; Pike County, Mississippi; Smith County, Mississippi; Sunflower County, Mississippi; Sharkey County, Mississippi; Simpson County, Mississippi; Tippah County, Mississippi; Tallahatchie County, Mississippi; Tate County", "id": "11170384" }, { "contents": "Delta Regional Authority\n\n\nLouisiana; Winn Parish, Louisiana Mississippi Adams County, Mississippi; Amite County, Mississippi; Attala County, Mississippi; Benton County, Mississippi; Bolivar County, Mississippi; Carroll County, Mississippi; Claiborne County, Mississippi; Coahoma County, Mississippi; Copiah County, Mississippi; Covington County, Mississippi; DeSoto County, Mississippi; Franklin County, Mississippi; Grenada County, Mississippi; Hinds County, Mississippi; Holmes County, Mississippi; Humphreys County, Mississippi; Issaquena County, Mississippi; Jasper County, Mississippi; Jefferson County,", "id": "11170383" }, { "contents": "South Park National Heritage Area\n\n\nSouth Park National Heritage Area is a U.S. National Heritage Area encompassing the South Park of Colorado. Established on March 30, 2009 by the Omnibus Public Land Management Act of 2009 (§7002), the South Park NHA is managed by the Park County, Colorado Office of Tourism to promote and interpret the area's natural, scenic, and cultural resources. The National Heritage Area designation funds promotion of the area's mining, recreation, and ranching heritage. The National Heritage Area covers the majority of Park County, including the", "id": "8157140" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Civil Rights Museum\n\n\n2017, the Mississippi Department of Archives and History brought in Pam Junior as the new museum Director. Junior came from the Smith Robertson Museum and Cultural Center in Jackson, where she had been manager since 1999. Junior is a member of the board of directors for the Mississippi Delta National Heritage Area and Mississippi Book Festival and a co-founder of the Mississippi Black Theater Festival The museum hired Hilferty & Associates to design exhibits for the museum, which were fabricated by Exhibit Concepts. Monadnock Media designed the audio portions of the exhibits", "id": "6914076" }, { "contents": "Leflore County, Mississippi\n\n\nLeflore County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 32,317. The county seat is Greenwood. The county is named for Choctaw leader Greenwood LeFlore, who signed a treaty to cede his people's land to the United States in exchange for land in Indian Territory. LeFlore stayed in Mississippi, settling on land reserved for him in Tallahatchie County. Leflore County is part of the Greenwood, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region, with", "id": "10611085" }, { "contents": "Tallahatchie County, Mississippi\n\n\nTallahatchie County is a county in the U.S. state of Mississippi. At the 2010 census, the population was 15,378. Its county seats are Charleston and Sumner. Tallahatchie County is located in the Mississippi Delta region, divided by the Tallahatchie River which runs from north to south through the county before joining what becomes the Yazoo River in LeFlore County. The county was founded on December 31, 1833 after most of the Choctaw Nation was forced out under Indian Removal. Tallahatchie is a Choctaw name meaning \"rock of waters\". The", "id": "10555589" }, { "contents": "National Coal Heritage Area\n\n\nThe National Coal Heritage Area (NCHA) is a federally designated region of thirteen counties in West Virginia that were the source of \"smokeless\" bituminous coal through much of the 20th century. The National Heritage Area recognizes the area's cultural and historic qualities and serves to promote tourism, historic preservation and economic development in the region. The idea of the NCHA was first proposed in the early 1990s by Congressman Nick Rahall, and was established on November 12, 1996 by the 1996 Omnibus Parks and Public Lands Management Act. The", "id": "8963174" }, { "contents": "Muscle Shoals National Heritage Area\n\n\nMuscle Shoals National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the northwestern portion of the U.S. state of Alabama. It is centered on the portion of the Tennessee River around Muscle Shoals and interprets the region's history and culture. Muscle Shoals National Heritage Area comprises Lauderdale, Limestone, Colbert, Franklin, Lawrence and Morgan counties. Significant features of the heritage area include Wheeler Dam, Wilson Dam, Ivy Green, Rosenbaum House, Barton Hall and the northern end of the Natchez Trace. Muscle Shoals National Heritage Area was", "id": "16977602" }, { "contents": "Deer Creek (Mississippi)\n\n\nDeer Creek (also Issaquena Creek or Lower Deer Creek) is a creek in the U.S. state of Mississippi. Its source is Lake Bolivar, in Scott, Bolivar County, Mississippi. As Deer Creek flows south through the Mississippi Delta, it passes through the following counties: Bolivar, Washington, Sharkey, Issaquena, and Warren; and through the following communities: Metcalfe, Stoneville, Leland, Burdett, Arcola, Hollandale, Panther Burn, Nitta Yuma, Anguilla, Rolling Fork, Cary, Onward, and Valley Park.", "id": "1520113" }, { "contents": "Money, Mississippi\n\n\nMoney is an unincorporated Mississippi Delta community near Greenwood in Leflore County, Mississippi, United States. It has fewer than 100 residents, down from 400 in the early 1950s when a cotton mill operated there. Money is located on a railroad line along the Tallahatchie River, a tributary of the Yazoo River in the eastern part of the Mississippi Delta. The community has ZIP code 38945 in the Greenwood, Mississippi micropolitan area. Money is the site of the 1955 lynching of 14-year-old Emmett Till by white men, an event", "id": "15040548" }, { "contents": "Sharkey County, Mississippi\n\n\nSharkey County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. Part of the western border is formed by the Yazoo River. According to the 2010 census, the population was 4,916, making it the second-least populous county in Mississippi. Its county seat is Rolling Fork. The county is named after William L. Sharkey, the provisional Governor of Mississippi in 1865. Sharkey County is located in the Mississippi Delta region. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of , of which is land", "id": "10555635" }, { "contents": "Oil Region National Heritage Area\n\n\nOil Region National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the northwestern portion of the U.S. state of Pennsylvania. The national heritage area commemorates and promotes the region surrounding Edwin Drake's oil well of 1859 near Titusville, which gave rise to the modern oil industry. The national heritage area includes all of Venango County and a portion of Crawford County, including Titusville and Oil Creek Township The Oil Region National Heritage Area was established by Public Law 108-447 in 2004. It is administered by the Oil Region Alliance.", "id": "17389123" }, { "contents": "Delta National Forest\n\n\nDelta National Forest is a U.S. National Forest in western Mississippi, located in Sharkey County, and has an area of . Delta is operated as the Sunflower Wildlife Management Area. The forest is headquartered in Jackson, as are all six National Forests in Mississippi, but Delta Ranger District office is located in Rolling Fork. It is one of only six National Forests that are contained entirely within a single county and the only bottomland hardwood forest in the National Forest system. The Green Ash-Overcup Oak-Sweetgum Research Natural Areas within", "id": "3631940" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\ninfluences in the Mississippi River Delta. They continue to shape preferences of food, music, and art, as well as to maintain the unique identities existing in the southernmost parts of the region. Both cultures speak a form of French; but they are considered to be autonomous and distinct dialects. From 1910–1920, New Orleans became the birthplace of jazz and since has continued its legacy of being home to budding musicians and new musical experiences, tying music directly to its unique culture and diverse heritage. The origins of jazz and blues", "id": "16619580" }, { "contents": "Journey Through Hallowed Ground National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Journey Through Hallowed Ground National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in portions of Pennsylvania, West Virginia, Maryland and Virginia, in the eastern United States. The Journey Through Hallowed Ground National Heritage Area was established on May 8, 2008 by Public Law 110-229, the Consolidated Natural Resources Act of 2008.The designation provides a framework for the promotion and interpretation of the area's cultural and historic character, with particular emphasis on the region's role in the American Civil War, and the preservation of the natural", "id": "13516660" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta\n\n\nThe Mississippi Delta, also known as the Yazoo-Mississippi Delta, is the distinctive northwest section of the U.S. state of Mississippi (and portions of Arkansas and Louisiana) which lies between the Mississippi and Yazoo Rivers. The region has been called \"The Most Southern Place on Earth\" (\"Southern\" in the sense of \"characteristic of its region, the American South\"), because of its unique racial, cultural, and economic history. It is long and across at its widest point, encompassing about , or", "id": "15159888" }, { "contents": "Freedom's Way National Heritage Area\n\n\nFreedom's Way National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing portions of northern Massachusetts and southern New Hampshire. The heritage area includes sites significant to the American Revolution, cultural sites associated with Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau, and Native American sites. The heritage area seeks to preserve the region's landscape and historic structures. The National Heritage Area includes Minute Man National Historical Park, portions of Middlesex and Worcester counties in Massachusetts, and portions of Hillsborough County, New Hampshire, an area including a total of", "id": "14966358" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta\n\n\nside of the Mississippi River, another area of high poverty). The 1990s state legalization of casino gambling in Mississippi has boosted the Delta's economy, particularly in the areas of Tunica and Vicksburg. A large cultural influence in the region is its history of hunting and fishing. Hunting in the Delta is primarily for game such as whitetail deer, wild turkey, and waterfowl, along with many small game species (squirrel, rabbit, dove, quail, raccoon, etc.) For many years, the hunting and fishing", "id": "15159912" }, { "contents": "Baltimore National Heritage Area\n\n\nBaltimore National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing portions of Baltimore, Maryland, USA. The designated area includes the central portion of the city, waterfront, inner neighborhoods and portions of the city's park system. The district includes Fort McHenry and the Inner Harbor, as well as portions of the Charles Street, Falls Road, National Historic Seaport and Star Spangled Banner Maryland Scenic Byways. The Baltimore National Heritage Area was established on March 30, 2009 by the Omnibus Public Land Management Act of 2009 (§", "id": "8582841" }, { "contents": "B.B. King Museum\n\n\nThe B.B. King Museum and Delta Interpretive Center is a Delta blues museum with the mission to \"empower, unite and heal through music, art and education and share with the world the rich cultural heritage of the Mississippi Delta.\" The museum, named for blues legend, B.B. King, is located in his hometown of Indianola, Mississippi, in the United States. The B.B. King Museum and Delta Interpretive Center opened in Indianola Mississippi on September 13, 2008. The museum features a restored brick cotton gin building in which B.B.", "id": "17262603" }, { "contents": "Louise, Mississippi\n\n\nLouise is a town in Humphreys County, Mississippi. The population was 199 at the 2010 census, down from 315 at the 2000 census. Louise is located in southern Humphreys County at (32.981549, -90.591624), along Silver Creek in the Mississippi Delta region. Mississippi Highway 149 passes just east of the town, leading north to U.S. Route 49W at Silver City and south via Mississippi Highway 16 to Yazoo City. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town of Louise has a total area of , all land.", "id": "2222822" }, { "contents": "Arkansas Delta\n\n\nblues and gospel traditions. The East Central Delta area has produced a small number of talented and influential R&B artists. Arkansas's blues Influence, shares a rich heritage with Mississippi and Memphis, Tennessee. Arkansas was home to numerous blues masters, who are held in high esteem by newer generations learning blues history. Arkansas blues artists influenced decades of pop culture music by such artists as Muddy Waters, Little Milton, B.B. King, Eric Clapton, Jeff Beck, Joe Bonamassa, Stevie Ray Vaughan, George Harrison and the Rolling Stones", "id": "6558115" }, { "contents": "Cruger, Mississippi\n\n\nCruger is a town in Holmes County, Mississippi, United States. The population was 386 at the 2010 census, down from 449 at the 2000 census. Cruger is in the northwest corner of Holmes County, in the Mississippi Delta region along U.S. Route 49E. Greenwood is north of Cruger via US 49E, and Yazoo City is to the south. According to the United States Census Bureau, Cruger has a total area of , all land. As of the census of 2000, there were 449 people, 161 households, and", "id": "2222747" }, { "contents": "Carroll County, Mississippi\n\n\nCarroll County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 10,597. Its county seats are Carollton and Vaiden. The county is named for Charles Carroll of Carrollton, the last surviving signatory of the U.S. Declaration of Independence. Carroll County is part of the Greenwood, Micropolitan Statistical Area. Bordered by the Yazoo River on the west and the Big Black River to the east, it is considered within the Mississippi Delta region. Most of its land is in the hill country", "id": "10611479" }, { "contents": "Minter City, Mississippi\n\n\nMinter City is an unincorporated community located in Leflore County and in Tallahatchie County, Mississippi. It is part of the Greenwood, Mississippi micropolitan area, and is within the Mississippi Delta. Mississippi Highway 8 intersects U.S. Route 49E southwest of Minter City, and the Tallahatchie River flows to the east. There is a post office located on U.S. Route 49E, with a ZIP code of 38944. Variant names for the original settlement were \"Walnut Place Landing\" and \"Minter City Landing\". Spanish explorer Hernando de Soto may have", "id": "12467995" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta AVA\n\n\nThe Mississippi Delta AVA is an American Viticultural Area on the left (east) bank of the Mississippi River, between Memphis, Tennessee, and Vicksburg, Mississippi. It includes portions of the Mississippi Delta and the watershed of the lower Mississippi River in the U.S. states of Louisiana (west bank), Mississippi, and Tennessee. Since the creation of the AVA in 1984, there has been very little viticulture in the Mississippi Delta region. Mississippi State University established an enology laboratory to research grape cultivation in the area, but little", "id": "16585963" }, { "contents": "Greenwood, Mississippi\n\n\nGreenwood is a city in and the county seat of Leflore County, Mississippi, located at the eastern edge of the Mississippi Delta, approximately 96 miles north of the state capital, Jackson, Mississippi, and 130 miles south of the riverport of Memphis, Tennessee. It was a center of cotton planter culture in the 19th century. The population was 16,087 at the 2010 census. It is the principal city of the Greenwood Micropolitan Statistical Area. Greenwood developed at the confluence of the Tallahatchie and the Yalobusha rivers, which form the", "id": "3378194" }, { "contents": "Bolivar County, Mississippi\n\n\nBolivar County ( ) is a county located on the western border of the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 34,145. Its county seats are Rosedale and Cleveland. The county is named in honor of Simón Bolívar, early 19th-century leader of the liberation of several South American colonies from Spain. The Cleveland, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area includes all of Bolivar County. It is located in the Mississippi Delta, or Yazoo Basin, of Mississippi. This area was first developed for cotton plantations", "id": "10611493" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nmusic in the region is closely connected to the Mississippi River and the delta, as the location allowed for an influx of cultural influences, including blues and bluegrass music from upriver, to the African and Latin folk hymns and music from the Caribbean islands. The delta is still synonymous with the sounds of jazz, funk and zydeco and remains to be an important cultural hub for new sounds and music, bringing thousands to the area every year to experience the lifestyle and participate in the natural rhythms of the area. The region is", "id": "16619581" }, { "contents": "Essex National Heritage Commission\n\n\nThe Essex National Heritage Commission (ENHC) is a non-profit organization charted to oversee the Essex National Heritage Area, a National Heritage Area composed of all of Essex County, Massachusetts. The commission promotes the cultural heritage with public and private partnerships and with the National Park Service by developing programs that enhance, preserve and encourage regional awareness of the area's unique historic, cultural and natural resources. The commission is based in Salem. The organization has sponsored a number of events and programs that celebrate the region’s history,", "id": "16440799" }, { "contents": "Blue Ridge National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Blue Ridge National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing the twenty-five westernmost counties of North Carolina, which are associated with the Blue Ridge Mountains. The designation provides a framework for the promotion and interpretation of the area's cultural and historic character, and the preservation of the natural and built environment. The National Heritage Area includes the North Carolina portions of Great Smoky Mountains National Park and the Blue Ridge Parkway. Other attractions include Mount Mitchell in Pisgah National Forest, Nantahala National Forest and the North Carolina", "id": "9719864" }, { "contents": "Poverty Point\n\n\nPoverty Point State Historic Site (; 16 WC 5) is a prehistoric earthwork constructed by the Poverty Point culture. The Poverty Point site is located in present-day northeastern Louisiana though evidence of the Poverty Point culture extends throughout much of the Southeastern United States. The culture extended across the Mississippi Delta and south to the Gulf Coast. The Poverty Point site has been designated as a U.S. National Monument, a U.S. National Historic Landmark, and UNESCO World Heritage Site. Located in the Southern United States, the site is from the", "id": "10100047" }, { "contents": "Geography of Arkansas\n\n\nState Park, Delta Heritage Trail State Park, Felsenthal National Wildlife Refuge, Lake Chicot State Park, Mississippi River State Park, Overflow National Wildlife Refuge and White River National Wildlife Refuge. The flat topography and fertile soils of Southeast Arkansas have been important to the region throughout its history, first to the Native American that inhabited the region. This history is available today at museums like the Pine Bluff/Jefferson County Historical Museum. The area was one of the first explored and settled in Arkansas; including the territorial capital at Arkansas", "id": "17334085" }, { "contents": "Tchula, Mississippi\n\n\nhad vanished, partly due to increased use of machines in agriculture. Many businesses formerly in the town had disappeared. Tchula is in western Holmes County along Tchula Lake, an old river channel in the Mississippi Delta region of the state. U.S. Route 49E passes through the center of town, leading north to Greenwood and southwest to Yazoo. Mississippi Highway 12 leads southeast from Tchula to Lexington, the Holmes County seat. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of , of which , or 2.31", "id": "2222794" }, { "contents": "Freedom's Frontier National Heritage Area\n\n\nFreedom's Frontier National Heritage Area, Inc. (FFNHA) is a federally designated U.S. National Heritage Area located in eastern Kansas and Western Missouri. This heritage area preserves, conserves, and interprets historic and cultural landscapes pertaining to: the shaping of the frontier, the Missouri-Kansas Border War, and the enduring struggle for freedom. FFNHA was authorized on October 12, 2006, with the passage of the National Heritage Areas Act of 2006. The management plan for the heritage area was approved by the Board of Trustees on June", "id": "353294" }, { "contents": "Sunflower County, Mississippi\n\n\nSunflower County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 29,450. Its largest city and county seat is Indianola. Sunflower County comprises the Indianola, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is included in the Cleveland-Indianola, MS Combined Statistical Area. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region. Sunflower Country was created in 1844. The land mass encompassed most of Sunflower and Leflore Counties as we know them today. The first seat of government was Clayton, located near", "id": "10555603" }, { "contents": "Atchafalaya National Heritage Area\n\n\nAtchafalaya National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing parts of fourteen parishes along the Atchafalaya River in the U.S. State of Louisiana. The heritage area extends the length of the Atchafalaya Basin from the area of Ferriday in the north to the river's mouth beyond Morgan City. The National Heritage Area is divided into four regions: Upper, Between 2 Rivers, Bayou Teche Corridor and the Coastal Zone. The designation provides a framework for the promotion and interpretation of the area's cultural and historic character, and the preservation", "id": "9171577" }, { "contents": "Niagara Falls National Heritage Area\n\n\nNiagara Falls National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing the Niagara Falls region of the U.S. State of New York. The heritage area includes the communities of Niagara Falls, Youngstown and Lewiston. The designation provides a framework for the promotion and interpretation of the area's cultural and historic character, and the preservation of the natural and built environment. The heritage area designation recognizes the area's importance to Native Americans, to early European explorers of America, the American Revolution, the War of 1812 and the area's", "id": "9115304" }, { "contents": "Warren County, Mississippi\n\n\nWarren County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 48,773. Its county seat is Vicksburg. Created by legislative act of 22 December 1809, Warren County is named for American Revolutionary War officer Joseph Warren. Part of the Mississippi Delta and the historic cotton culture, Warren County is included in the Vicksburg, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Jackson-Vicksburg-Brookhaven, MS Combined Statistical Area. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the", "id": "10555530" }, { "contents": "Greenwood, Mississippi micropolitan area\n\n\nThe Greenwood Micropolitan Statistical Area is a micropolitan area in the northwestern Delta region of Mississippi that covers two counties - Leflore and Carroll. As of the 2000 census, the μSA had a population of 48,716 (though a July 1, 2009 estimate placed the population at 44,841). As of the census of 2000, there were 48,716 people, 17,027 households, and 11,956 families residing within the μSA. The racial makeup of the μSA was 37.22% White, 60.85% African American, 0.10% Native American, 0.54% Asian", "id": "8919330" }, { "contents": "James Thomas (blues musician)\n\n\n\". In 1985, his work was featured in the prestigious Corcoran Gallery in Washington, D.C., where he was introduced to Nancy Reagan, then the First Lady. Thomas's skulls are on display in the Delta Blues Museum, in Clarksdale, Mississippi, and the Highway 61 Blues Museum, in Leland, Mississippi. Thomas played at numerous blues festivals and private parties throughout the area, including the Mississippi Delta Blues and Heritage Festival in Greenville. In the 1970s, Eddie Cusic performed with Thomas at regular engagements. Together they", "id": "17330513" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nand is an important coastal region for the United States, containing more than of coastal wetlands and 37% of the estuarine marsh in the conterminous U.S. The coastal area is the nation's largest drainage basin and drains about 41% of the contiguous United States into the Gulf of Mexico at an average rate of . The modern Mississippi River Delta formed over the last approximately 4,500 years as the Mississippi River deposited sand, clay and silt along its banks and in adjacent basins. The Mississippi River Delta is a river-dominated delta system", "id": "16619564" }, { "contents": "Arabia Mountain National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Arabia Mountain National Heritage Area is a National Heritage Area in the U.S. state of Georgia that encompasses natural, cultural, and historical elements to form a cohesive, nationally significant environment. The area is due east of Atlanta and spans reaching from the historic commercial center of Lithonia to the Monastery of the Holy Spirit in Conyers, including a number of sites in between, including Panola Mountain State Park, Davidson-Arabia Mountain Nature Preserve, the Mall at Stonecrest, and more. The Heritage Area was established in 2006, and", "id": "352970" }, { "contents": "Sangre de Cristo National Heritage Area\n\n\nSangre de Cristo National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the south central portion of the U.S. state of Colorado. The heritage area includes the San Luis Valley and portions of the Sangre de Cristo Range. The region combines influences of Anglo-American, Hispano-American and Native American influences. It also includes portions of the upper Rio Grande valley. The national heritage area includes Alamosa, Costilla, and Conejos counties, and portions of Saguache and Rio Grande counties. It also includes within its boundaries Great Sand", "id": "17389640" }, { "contents": "Delta State–Mississippi College football rivalry\n\n\nThe Delta State–Mississippi College football rivalry, commonly known as the Heritage Bell Classic, is a college football rivalry game between a public university and a private Christian college in the U.S. state of Mississippi, the Delta State University Statesmen and the Mississippi College Choctaws. The current winner is Delta State, who won, 28–21, on November 10, 2018. Delta State leads the all-time series, 22–15–2. The Delta State Statesmen were co-founding members of the Gulf South Conference in 1970. Mississippi College joined the", "id": "15797675" }, { "contents": "Delta blues\n\n\nDelta blues is one of the earliest-known styles of blues music. It originated in the Mississippi Delta, a region of the U.S. stretching from Memphis, Tennessee, in the north to Vicksburg, Mississippi, in the south and from Helena, Arkansas, in the west to the Yazoo River in the east. The Mississippi Delta is famous for its fertile soil and for its poverty. Delta blues is regarded as a regional variant of country blues. Guitar and harmonica are its dominant instruments; slide guitar is a hallmark of", "id": "7794018" }, { "contents": "Arkansas Delta\n\n\na decline. Charles Bowden of \"National Geographic\" wrote, \"By 1970 the sharecropping world was already disappearing, and the landscape of today—huge fields, giant machines, battered towns, few people—beginning to emerge.\" The Arkansas Delta is known for its rich musical heritage. While defined primarily by its deep blues/gospel roots, it is distinguished somewhat from its Mississippi Delta counterpart by more intricately interwoven country music and R&B elements. Arkansas blues musicians have defined every genre of blues from its inception, including", "id": "6558110" }, { "contents": "Greenwood High School (Mississippi)\n\n\nGreenwood High School is a public high school located in Greenwood, Leflore County, in the U.S. state of Mississippi. The school is part of the Greenwood Public School District. Greenwood, Mississippi, is a town of slightly over 15,000 residents located on the banks of the Yazoo River about south of Memphis, Tennessee, and about north of Jackson, Mississippi. The city and county are named after Greenwood Leflore, the designated leader of the Choctaw nation who ceded Mississippi land under pressure of the 1830 Indian Removal Act to the United", "id": "4541464" }, { "contents": "Upper Housatonic Valley National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Upper Housatonic Valley National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the U.S. states of Connecticut and Massachusetts. The heritage area interprets and promotes the historical, cultural and scenic features of the upper Housatonic River valley in the western part of both states. The heritage area focuses on five themes: the area's role as a resort for writers, artists, actors and musicians, the scenic landscape, the area's role in industry, the American Revolutionary War, and the social and religious groups associated with the area", "id": "17597179" }, { "contents": "National Heritage Area\n\n\nA National Heritage Area is a site designated by United States and intended to encourage historic preservation of the area and an appreciation of the history and heritage of the site. There are currently 55 National Heritage Areas, some of which use variations of the title, such as National Heritage Corridor. National Heritage Areas (NHAs) are not National Park Service units or federally owned or managed land. NHAs are administered by state governments or non-profit organizations or other private corporations, referred to as \"local coordinating entities\". The", "id": "2301876" }, { "contents": "Lackawanna Heritage Valley National and State Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Lackawanna Heritage Valley National and State Heritage Area is a state and federally designated National Heritage Area in northeastern Pennsylvania. It was initially established in 1991 as the first State Heritage Park in Pennsylvania, and was additionally designated a National Heritage Area in 2000. The designations recognize the area's heritage of industry, architecture, history and natural resources, and provide a framework for development and promotion of these features. The Lackawanna Heritage Valley National and State Heritage Area is managed by the Lackawanna Heritage Valley Authority, or LHVA. The National", "id": "16220344" }, { "contents": "Kenai Mountains – Turnagain Arm National Heritage Area\n\n\nKenai Mountains – Turnagain Arm National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the U.S. state of Alaska. The heritage area extends across the northern part of the Kenai Peninsula, immediately to the north and east of Kenai Fjords National Park. The designation recognizes the area's unique cultural, scenic and historical features and provides a unified organization for promotion of the area's attractions. The Kenai Mountains – Turnagain Arm National Heritage Area (KMTA) includes the road corridor between Seward and Hope and Whittier, from Resurrection Bay in", "id": "16167272" }, { "contents": "Mayersville, Mississippi\n\n\nMayersville is a town on the east bank of the Mississippi River, and the county seat for Issaquena County, Mississippi, United States. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region, known for cotton cultivation in the antebellum era. Once the trading center for the county, the town was superseded when railroads were built into the area. The population of the majority-black town was 547 at the 2010 census, down from 795 at the 2000 census. Native Americans had lived in this area since prehistoric times. The Mayersville", "id": "2222833" }, { "contents": "Crenshaw, Mississippi\n\n\nCrenshaw is a town in Panola and Quitman counties in the U.S. state of Mississippi. The population was 916 at the 2000 census. Crenshaw is located at (34.502661, -90.195841). Most of the town is in Panola County with a small portion on the west side in Quitman County. In the 2000 census, 697 of the town's 916 residents (76.1%) lived in Panola County and 219 (23.9%) in Quitman County. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of", "id": "17931693" }, { "contents": "Panola County, Mississippi\n\n\nPanola County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 34,707. Its county seats are Sardis and Batesville. Panola is the anglicization of \"ponolo\", a word meaning thread in both old Choctaw and Chickasaw and cotton in modern Choctaw. The county is located just east of the Mississippi Delta and bisected by the Tallahatchie River flowing to the southwest, separating the two county seats. Panola County was established February 9, 1836, and is one of the twelve large", "id": "10555705" }, { "contents": "MotorCities National Heritage Area\n\n\nMotorCities National Heritage Area or Motor Cities National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area that commemorates and promotes the automobile industry in Metro Detroit, with portions of 16 counties in southern Michigan, United States. The scope of the heritage area includes sites and events relating to the motor industry as well as the industry's impact on labor, society and the environment. The heritage area comprises more than 1200 automotive-related sites, including the Henry Ford Museum, Fair Lane, various Ford plants, the Automotive Hall of Fame", "id": "16976479" }, { "contents": "Great Basin National Heritage Area\n\n\nGreat Basin National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in Nevada and Utah, including White Pine County, Nevada and Millard County, Utah. The area was designated to recognize and promote the scenic and cultural resources associated with this central portion of the Great Basin. The National Heritage Area includes Great Basin National Park and portions of Humboldt-Toiyabe and Fishlake National Forests, as well as Fort Deseret, Sevier Lake and the Topaz War Relocation Center. Great Basin National Heritage Area was designated on October 13, 2006.", "id": "15909144" }, { "contents": "Crowder, Mississippi\n\n\nCrowder is a town in Panola and Quitman counties in the state of Mississippi. The population was 766 at the 2000 census. Most of Crowder is in Quitman County with a portion on the east in adjacent Panola County. In the 2000 census, 462 of the town's 766 residents (60.3%) lived in Quitman County and 304 (39.7%) in Panola County. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 0.4 square miles (1.2 km², all land. As of the", "id": "17931698" }, { "contents": "Rivers of Steel National Heritage Area\n\n\nRivers of Steel National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in southwestern Pennsylvania, centered on Pittsburgh and oriented around the interpretation and promotion of the region's steel-making heritage. The area roughly covers the valleys of the Ohio, Monongahela and lower Allegheny rivers. Major interpretive locations include the Carrie Furnace, Pinkerton's Landing Bridge and other features of the Homestead Steel Works. The national heritage area comprises Allegheny, Armstrong, Beaver, Butler, Greene, Fayette, Washington and Westmoreland counties. Rivers of Steel National Heritage", "id": "17389345" }, { "contents": "Crowley's Ridge Parkway\n\n\nroute which allowed the traveler to experience the Southern heritage of the area. The National Scenic Byway designation came the following year, with an extension into Missouri in 2000. The majority of the route is in Arkansas, and the parkway begins in Phillips County, Arkansas, in Helena-West Helena very near the Helena Bridge over the Mississippi River. Beginning at US Route 49 (US 49) and running north with US 49 Business (US 49B), the route passes historic properties including the Delta Cultural Center, the Jerome", "id": "1149985" }, { "contents": "Issaquena County, Mississippi\n\n\nIssaquena County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 1,406, making it the least populous county in the United States east of the Mississippi River. Its county seat is Mayersville. With a per-capita income of $18,598, Issaquena County is the poorest county in the United States. Issaquena County is located in the Mississippi Delta region. The Mississippi River flows along the entire western boundary of the county, and many of the earliest communities were river ports.", "id": "10611264" }, { "contents": "Delta Regional Authority\n\n\n, Mississippi; Tunica County, Mississippi; Union County, Mississippi; Walthall County, Mississippi; Warren County, Mississippi; Washington County, Mississippi; Wilkinson County, Mississippi; Yalobusha County, Mississippi; Yazoo County, Mississippi Missouri Bollinger County, Missouri; Butler County, Missouri; Cape Girardeau County, Missouri; Carter County, Missouri; Crawford County, Missouri; Dent County, Missouri; Douglas County, Missouri; Dunklin County, Missouri; Howell County, Missouri; Iron County, Missouri; Madison County, Missouri; Mississippi", "id": "11170385" }, { "contents": "Tunica County, Mississippi\n\n\nTunica County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 10,778. Its county seat is Tunica. The county is named for the Tunica Native Americans. Most migrated to central Louisiana during the colonial period. Tunica County is part of the Memphis, TN-MS-AR Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region. Since the late 20th century, it is known for Tunica Resorts (formerly Robinsonville), an unincorporated community that is the site", "id": "10555567" }, { "contents": "Emmett Till\n\n\nin the Mississippi Delta are memorialized as associated with Till. Emmett Till was born in 1941 in Chicago; he was the son of Mamie Carthan (1921–2003) and Louis Till (1922–1945). Emmett's mother Mamie was born in the small Delta town of Webb, Mississippi. The Delta region encompasses the large, multi-county area of northwestern Mississippi in the watershed of the Yazoo and Mississippi rivers. When Carthan was two years old, her family moved to Argo, Illinois, as part of the Great Migration of rural", "id": "2570054" }, { "contents": "History of New Orleans\n\n\nUnion during the Civil War. With its rich and unique cultural and architectural heritage, it remains a major destination for tourism, conventions, and major sports events, even after the major destruction and loss of life resulting from Hurricane Katrina in 2005. The land mass that was to become the city of New Orleans was formed around 2200 BC when the Mississippi River deposited silt creating the delta region. Before Europeans founded the settlement, the area was inhabited by Native Americans for about 1300 years. The Mississippian culture peoples built mounds and", "id": "3084005" }, { "contents": "B.B. King Museum\n\n\nKing worked in the 1940s. The museum also contains an extensive collection of artifacts owned by King and displays exhibits about his life and the lives of other musicians of the delta region and the culture where the blues arose. The museum commemorates the famous blues artist, B.B King, who was from the Mississippi Delta. The museum has multiple exhibits highlighting King's Delta Blue music. Exhibits include interactive exhibits, King memorabilia, and stories. The museum seeks to help preserve Delta Blues and its culture by promoting its importance. In", "id": "17262604" }, { "contents": "Missouri Bootheel\n\n\nwrites: Given the population in the area, even a moderately sized earthquake would be disastrous. The Bootheel (pronounced Boothill in the region) is on the edge of the Mississippi Delta culture that produced the Delta blues. Its relatively large black population makes it distinct from the rest of rural Missouri. The area has a unique rural black culture reflected in its music, churches and other traditions. The black population ranges from about 26% in Pemiscot County, to 15% in New Madrid County, and about 9% in", "id": "12618286" }, { "contents": "Moorhead, Mississippi\n\n\nMoorhead is a city in Sunflower County, Mississippi. As of the 2000 census, the city population was 2,573. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of , of which is land and 0.77% is water. Moorhead is along U.S. Route 82, east of Indianola. Moorhead is located at the intersection of the Southern and Yazoo Delta railroads. This is the origin of the legendary blues crossroads phrase \"where the Southern cross the Dog\". As of the 2010 United States Census,", "id": "2223816" }, { "contents": "Blanche Bruce\n\n\nsteamboat porter on the Mississippi River. In 1864, he moved to Hannibal, Missouri, where he established a school for black children. In 1868, during Reconstruction, Bruce relocated to Bolivar near Cleveland in northwestern Mississippi, at which he purchased a Mississippi Delta plantation. He became a wealthy landowner of several thousand acres in the Mississippi Delta. He was appointed to the positions of Tallahatchie County registrar of voters and tax assessor before he won an election for sheriff in Bolivar County. He later was elected to other county positions,", "id": "13640962" }, { "contents": "Delta, Mississippi\n\n\nDelta is a ghost town in Coahoma County, Mississippi, United States. Once a thriving port on the Mississippi River, Delta today is covered by farmland and a portion of the Mississippi Levee. Nothing remains of the original settlement. The county seat was moved from Port Royal to Delta in 1842. In 1844, Delta was surveyed and laid off into lots. The town had a population of about 700, and was a busy steamboat port. Delta incorporated in 1848. That same year, the river flooded the town,", "id": "8584565" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nbenefits that are unique to the region. These vital resources are at constant risk of being lost with the continual land loss and the decreasing size of the natural coastal area. The Mississippi River Delta has a strong economy which relies heavily on tourism and recreational activities such as fishing, hunting and wildlife watching as well as commercial fishing, oil, gas, and shipping industries. There are a number of major industries in the Mississippi River Delta that drive the local and national economy, including: In total, the five Gulf Coast", "id": "16619584" }, { "contents": "Holmes County, Mississippi\n\n\nHolmes County is a county in the U.S. state of Mississippi; its western border is formed by the Yazoo River and the eastern border by the Big Black River. The western part of the county is within the Yazoo-Mississippi Delta. As of the 2010 census, the population was 19,198. Its county seat is Lexington. The county is named in honor of David Holmes, territorial governor and the first governor of the state of Mississippi and later United States Senator for Mississippi. A favorite son, Edmond Favor Noel, was", "id": "10611282" }, { "contents": "Greenville, Mississippi\n\n\nGreenville is a city in, and the county seat of, Washington County, Mississippi, United States. The population was 34,400 at the 2010 census. It is located in the area of historic cotton plantations and culture known as the Mississippi Delta. This area was occupied by indigenous peoples for thousands of years. When the French explored here, they encountered the historic Natchez people. As part of their colony known as \"La Louisiane\", the French established a settlement at what became Natchez, Mississippi. Other Native American tribes", "id": "2224007" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nartery. In addition to shipping, local and commercial fisheries continued to expand. The discovery of vast oil and gas deposits brought further economic and environmental changes to the delta. Despite these profound changes, the delta today remains very much rooted in the vibrant cultural and social traditions of its residents. The Mississippi River Delta is home to more than two million people. The location of the delta at the mouth of the Mississippi River allowed for the area to be a cultural gateway into the United States, and influenced the mix of", "id": "16619576" }, { "contents": "Essex Heritage\n\n\nEssex Heritage is a non-profit organization charted to promote the cultural heritage of Essex County in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. Working with both public and private partnerships and with the National Park Service, the group supports and develops programs that enhance, preserve and encourage regional awareness of the area’s unique historic, cultural and natural resources. Headquartered in Salem, Massachusetts, the Commission services the 34 communities of Essex County. It has been recognized by the United States Congress in recognition of the important role that this region played in American", "id": "16609234" }, { "contents": "Washington County, Mississippi\n\n\nWashington County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 51,137. Its county seat is Greenville. The county is named in honor of the first President of the United States, George Washington. The Greenville, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area includes all of Washington County. It is located in the Mississippi Delta. Located in the Mississippi Delta, Washington County was first developed for cotton cultivation in the antebellum years. Most plantations were developed to have access to the rivers, which", "id": "10555522" }, { "contents": "Mississippi\n\n\nIsland. The northwest remainder of the state consists of the Mississippi Delta, a section of the Mississippi Alluvial Plain. The plain is narrow in the south and widens north of Vicksburg. The region has rich soil, partly made up of silt which had been regularly deposited by the flood waters of the Mississippi River. Areas under the management of the National Park Service include: Mississippi City Population Rankings of at least 50,000 (United States Census Bureau as of 2017): Mississippi City Population Rankings of at least 20,000 but fewer than", "id": "21293458" }, { "contents": "Belzoni, Mississippi\n\n\nBelzoni ( ) is a city in Humphreys County, Mississippi, in the Mississippi Delta region, on the Yazoo River. The population was 2,235 at the 2010 census. It is the county seat of Humphreys County. It was named for the 19th-century Italian archaeologist/explorer Giovanni Battista Belzoni. The area was named Farm-Raised Catfish Capital of the World in 1976 by then Governor Cliff Finch, since it produces more farm-raised catfish than any other U.S. county. About of the county are under water in ponds", "id": "2222804" }, { "contents": "2011 Mississippi River floods\n\n\nfrom Vicksburg was cut off for more than two weeks. U.S. Highway 61 between Vicksburg and Port Gibson was closed by backwater flooding along the Big Black River on May 12; it reopened June 1. Another portion of U.S. Highway 61 near Redwood was closed by backwater flooding along the Yazoo River on May 13 and was closed until June 3. In anticipation of major flooding, the U.S. federal government declared 14 counties along the Mississippi River, the Thames River: Adams, Bolivar, Claiborne, Coahoma, DeSoto, Humphreys, Issaquena", "id": "8214155" }, { "contents": "Memphis, Tennessee\n\n\nother places in the world could offer cheaper labor, and the workforce was undereducated for today's challenges. The Memphis Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA), the 42nd largest in the United States, has a 2010 population of 1,316,100 and includes the Tennessee counties of Shelby, Tipton and Fayette; as well as the northern Mississippi counties of DeSoto, Marshall, Tate, and Tunica; and Crittenden County, Arkansas, all part of the Mississippi Delta. The total metropolitan area has a higher proportion of whites and a higher per capita", "id": "4225772" }, { "contents": "Northern Plains National Heritage Area\n\n\nNorthern Plains National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area along an length of the Missouri River in central North Dakota. The heritage area promotes and interprets the scenic, cultural and historic heritage of the region. It extends from Knife River Indian Villages National Historic Site to Huff Indian Village State Historic Site The area interprets the history of the Three Affiliated Tribes, the passage of the Lewis and Clark Expedition, the fur trade, steamboats on the Missouri and Fort Abraham Lincoln. It also interprets the area's association with the", "id": "17044952" }, { "contents": "Tornado outbreak of April 22–25, 2010\n\n\ncrossed the Mississippi River shortly thereafter, and damaged or destroyed numerous homes on the north side of Eagle Lake. The tornado then moved across the Delta National Forest in Issaquena and Sharkey Counties, causing major tree damage. The tornado again caused significant home damage northwest of Satartia, and again as it crossed Highway 3 near the Crupp community. The tornado then moved through rural areas southwest of Yazoo City, causing major damage or total destruction of a number of homes, as well as intense tree damage. As the tornado approached the", "id": "5566995" }, { "contents": "Segregation academy\n\n\npercent of Virginia's non-Hispanic white students attended these isolated schools., In Mississippi, many of the segregation academies were first established in the black-majority Mississippi Delta region in northwestern Mississippi. The Delta has historically had a very large majority-black population, related to the history of the use of slave labor on cotton plantations. The potential for integration resulted in white parents' establishing segregation academies in every county in the Delta. Many academies are still operating, from Indianola, Mississippi to Humphreys County. These schools", "id": "16560206" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nnationalities which settled in the area over time, forming the diversity of the region. Louisiana's first 18th century colonists were French, but they were soon joined by Spanish and Acadian settlers. The region has been home to other European-immigrant ethnic groups, beginning in the 19th century, including German, Sicilian, and Irish. There are also the Africans, West Indians, and Native Americans in the mix. The combination of these groups over time has created the special culture found in the Mississippi River Delta. Two unique", "id": "16619577" }, { "contents": "Champlain Valley National Heritage Area\n\n\nClinton, Essex, Warren, Saratoga and Washington counties in New York, and Bennington, Rutland, Addison, Chittenden, Franklin and Grand Isle counties in Vermont. Attractions located within the National Heritage Area include Fort Ticonderoga, the Lake Champlain Maritime Museum, Saratoga National Historical Park, portions of Adirondack Park and Green Mountain National Forest, Missisquoi National Wildlife Refuge and the Lake Champlain Underwater Historic Preserves. The Champlain Valley National Heritage Area was established by the Champlain Valley National Heritage Act of 2005. It is administered by the Champlain Valley", "id": "9913189" }, { "contents": "Atchafalaya National Heritage Area\n\n\nof the natural and built environment. The heritage area designation recognizes the area's unique environment and culture, and its contributions to music, English and French language, literature, and cuisine. Major locales included in the Heritage Area include Avery Island, New Iberia, Morgan City, Lafayette, Opelousas, Baton Rouge, Plaquemine and Houma. Jean Lafitte National Historical Park, Longfellow-Evangeline State Historic Site and Plaquemine Lock State Historic Site are included in the heritage area, as well as the Louisiana State Museum branches in Baton Rouge", "id": "9171578" }, { "contents": "Bryant Clark\n\n\nBryant W. Clark (born October 31, 1974) is an American politician from the state of Mississippi. A member of the Democratic Party, Clark is a member of the Mississippi House of Representatives, and represents the 47th district. He has served in the Mississippi House since 2004. The district includes parts of Attala, Holmes and Yazoo counties, which is located in central Mississippi. The district comprises both the Hills and Mississippi Delta regions of the state. Clark is a lifelong resident of Ebenezer, located in southern Holmes County", "id": "18412525" }, { "contents": "Louisiana African American Heritage Trail\n\n\nLouisiana African American Heritage Trail () is a cultural heritage trail with 26 sites designated in 2008 by the state of Louisiana, from New Orleans along the Mississippi River to Baton Rouge and Shreveport, with sites in small towns and plantations also included. In New Orleans several sites are within a walking area. Auto travel is required to reach sites outside the city. A variety of African-American museums devoted to art, history and culture are on the \"trail\", as is the Cane River Creole National Historical Park,", "id": "6088712" }, { "contents": "Delta Blues Museum\n\n\nThe Delta Blues Museum in Clarksdale, Mississippi, United States exists to collect, preserve, and provide public access to and awareness of the blues. Along with holdings of significant blues-related memorabilia, the museum also exhibits and collects art portraying the blues tradition, including works by sculptor Floyd Shaman and photographer Birney Imes. The museum is located in the Yazoo and Mississippi Valley Passenger Depot, also known as Illinois Central Passenger Depot or Clarksdale Passenger Depot, which was built in 1926 and listed on the National Register of Historic Places", "id": "19201111" }, { "contents": "Clarksdale, Mississippi\n\n\nClarksdale is a city in Coahoma County, Mississippi, United States, and seat of the county. The western boundary of the county is formed by the Mississippi River. Located in the Mississippi Delta region, Clarksdale is an agricultural and trading center. It has been home to many blues musicians. Clarksdale is named after John Clark, who founded the city in the mid-19th century. Choctaw and Chickasaw Indians occupied the Delta region prior to the arrival of European settlers. Clarksdale was developed at the former intersection of two Indian routes:", "id": "2119137" }, { "contents": "Education segregation in the Mississippi Delta\n\n\nThe Mississippi Delta region has had the most segregated schools -- and for the longest time—of any part of the United States. As recently as the 2016–2017 school year, East Side High School in Cleveland, Mississippi, was practically all black: 359 of 360 students were African-American. The Delta region of Mississippi is nineteen counties in the northwest of the state, bounded on the west by the Mississippi River and the south by the Yazoo River. It is a poor region of the country's poorest state. In", "id": "13439199" } ]

[ { "contents": "Mississippi Delta National Heritage Area\n\n\nMississippi Delta National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area that seeks to preserve and promote the landscape, culture and history of the Mississippi Delta in the northwestern portion of the U.S. state of Mississippi. The region is famous for blues music and a unique culture that has had broad influence on music and literature, both in the United States and worldwide. The national heritage area comprises Bolivar, Carroll, Coahoma, Desoto, Holmes, Humphreys, Issaquena, Leflore, Panola, Quitman, Sharkey, Tallahatchie, Tate, Tunica", "id": "16296069" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta\n\n\nyears. The land is flat and contains some of the most fertile soil in the world. It is two hundred miles long and seventy miles across at its widest point, encompassing approximately 4,415,000 acres, or, some 7,000 square miles of alluvial floodplain. On the east, it is bounded by bluffs extending beyond the Yazoo River. It includes all or part of the following counties: Washington, Western DeSoto, Humphreys, Carroll, Issaquena, Western Panola, Quitman, Bolivar, Coahoma, Leflore, Sunflower, Sharkey, Tate", "id": "15159893" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta Community College\n\n\nof Mississippi in April 1928. The name was changed to Mississippi Delta Junior College in 1960 and to Mississippi Delta Community College in 1989. The official service area of the college includes Bolivar, Humphreys, Issaquena, Leflore, Sharkey, Sunflower, and Washington counties. Coahoma County was originally in the college's service area, but the Mississippi Legislature removed it effective July 1, 1995, and it is now served by the Coahoma Community College. The main campus is located in Moorhead, Mississippi. Stauffer-Wood Administration Building houses", "id": "21307039" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Gulf Coast National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Mississippi Gulf Coast National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area along the Gulf coast of Mississippi. The designated area comprises six counties recognized for their unique cultural and scenic qualities. The National Heritage Area designation provides a unified marketing and promotional framework for the region. The National Heritage Area comprises Pearl River, Stone, George, Hancock, Harrison and Jackson counties. It includes the Mississippi portion of Gulf Islands National Seashore. The area was devastated by Hurricane Katrina in 2005. Much of the national heritage area's efforts", "id": "16361240" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Hills National Heritage Area\n\n\nMississippi Hills National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the northeastern portion of the U.S. state of Mississippi. The designation commemorates the region's impact on American culture and its role in the American Civil War and the American civil rights movement. The national heritage area designation provides a unified marketing and promotion framework for the area. The national heritage area covers all of Marshall, Benton, Tippah, Alcorn, Tishomingo, Lafayette, Union, Pontotoc, Lee, Itawamba, Calhoun, Chickasaw and Monroe counties, and those", "id": "17388610" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River floods of 2019\n\n\nwith some inundated by 15 feet of water. The Yazoo Backwater Area in the Mississippi Delta north of Vicksburg, Mississippi, experienced both record flood stages and record duration of flooding during the winter, spring, and summer of 2019. Portions of Warren, Issaquena, Sharkey, Yazoo, Humphreys, and Washington Counties were flooded. Almost half of the land area of Issaquena and Sharkey Counties experienced flooding. In late May, flood waters covered over 860 square miles (550,000 acres or 220,000 hectares), including about 390 square miles", "id": "13577492" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta\n\n\n, Tunica, Tallahatchie, Western Holmes, Western Yazoo, Western Grenada and Warren. Lexington is also part of the delta. The shifting river delta at the mouth of the Mississippi on the Gulf Coast lies some 300 miles south of this area, and is referred to as the Mississippi River Delta. The two should not be confused. Chinese began settling in Bolivar County and other Delta counties as plantation workers in the 1870s, though most Delta Chinese families migrated to the state between the 1900s and 1930s. Most Chinese immigrants worked", "id": "15159894" }, { "contents": "George W. Gayles\n\n\n1882, and then again in 1884 and 1886. In the House, he represented the 28th district, which included Bolivar, Coahoma, and Quitman County.In the Senate, he represented the ninth district, including Bolivar, Calhoun, and Sunflower counties. He was also chairman of the Third district Republican Convention in 1886 in Mississippi consisting of Bolivar, Coahoma, Issaquena, Leflore, Sunflower, Sharkey, Tunica, Quitman, Washington, and Warren counties. He was the only black state senator in Mississippi during his terms and", "id": "20783617" }, { "contents": "Coahoma County, Mississippi\n\n\nCoahoma County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 26,151. Its county seat is Clarksdale. The Clarksdale, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area includes all of Coahoma County. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region of Mississippi. Coahoma County was established February 9, 1836, and is located in the northwestern part of the state in the fertile Yazoo Delta region. The name \"Coahoma\" is a Choctaw word meaning \"red panther.\" The act creating the county", "id": "10611425" }, { "contents": "Delta Regional Authority\n\n\nMississippi; Jefferson Davis County, Mississippi; Lawrence County, Mississippi; Leflore County, Mississippi; Lafayette County, Mississippi; Madison County, Mississippi; Marion County, Mississippi; Lincoln County, Mississippi; Montgomery County, Mississippi; Panola County, Mississippi; Marshall County, Mississippi; Quitman County, Mississippi; Rankin County, Mississippi; Pike County, Mississippi; Smith County, Mississippi; Sunflower County, Mississippi; Sharkey County, Mississippi; Simpson County, Mississippi; Tippah County, Mississippi; Tallahatchie County, Mississippi; Tate County", "id": "11170384" }, { "contents": "Delta Regional Authority\n\n\nLouisiana; Winn Parish, Louisiana Mississippi Adams County, Mississippi; Amite County, Mississippi; Attala County, Mississippi; Benton County, Mississippi; Bolivar County, Mississippi; Carroll County, Mississippi; Claiborne County, Mississippi; Coahoma County, Mississippi; Copiah County, Mississippi; Covington County, Mississippi; DeSoto County, Mississippi; Franklin County, Mississippi; Grenada County, Mississippi; Hinds County, Mississippi; Holmes County, Mississippi; Humphreys County, Mississippi; Issaquena County, Mississippi; Jasper County, Mississippi; Jefferson County,", "id": "11170383" }, { "contents": "South Park National Heritage Area\n\n\nSouth Park National Heritage Area is a U.S. National Heritage Area encompassing the South Park of Colorado. Established on March 30, 2009 by the Omnibus Public Land Management Act of 2009 (§7002), the South Park NHA is managed by the Park County, Colorado Office of Tourism to promote and interpret the area's natural, scenic, and cultural resources. The National Heritage Area designation funds promotion of the area's mining, recreation, and ranching heritage. The National Heritage Area covers the majority of Park County, including the", "id": "8157140" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Civil Rights Museum\n\n\n2017, the Mississippi Department of Archives and History brought in Pam Junior as the new museum Director. Junior came from the Smith Robertson Museum and Cultural Center in Jackson, where she had been manager since 1999. Junior is a member of the board of directors for the Mississippi Delta National Heritage Area and Mississippi Book Festival and a co-founder of the Mississippi Black Theater Festival The museum hired Hilferty & Associates to design exhibits for the museum, which were fabricated by Exhibit Concepts. Monadnock Media designed the audio portions of the exhibits", "id": "6914076" }, { "contents": "Leflore County, Mississippi\n\n\nLeflore County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 32,317. The county seat is Greenwood. The county is named for Choctaw leader Greenwood LeFlore, who signed a treaty to cede his people's land to the United States in exchange for land in Indian Territory. LeFlore stayed in Mississippi, settling on land reserved for him in Tallahatchie County. Leflore County is part of the Greenwood, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region, with", "id": "10611085" }, { "contents": "Tallahatchie County, Mississippi\n\n\nTallahatchie County is a county in the U.S. state of Mississippi. At the 2010 census, the population was 15,378. Its county seats are Charleston and Sumner. Tallahatchie County is located in the Mississippi Delta region, divided by the Tallahatchie River which runs from north to south through the county before joining what becomes the Yazoo River in LeFlore County. The county was founded on December 31, 1833 after most of the Choctaw Nation was forced out under Indian Removal. Tallahatchie is a Choctaw name meaning \"rock of waters\". The", "id": "10555589" }, { "contents": "National Coal Heritage Area\n\n\nThe National Coal Heritage Area (NCHA) is a federally designated region of thirteen counties in West Virginia that were the source of \"smokeless\" bituminous coal through much of the 20th century. The National Heritage Area recognizes the area's cultural and historic qualities and serves to promote tourism, historic preservation and economic development in the region. The idea of the NCHA was first proposed in the early 1990s by Congressman Nick Rahall, and was established on November 12, 1996 by the 1996 Omnibus Parks and Public Lands Management Act. The", "id": "8963174" }, { "contents": "Muscle Shoals National Heritage Area\n\n\nMuscle Shoals National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the northwestern portion of the U.S. state of Alabama. It is centered on the portion of the Tennessee River around Muscle Shoals and interprets the region's history and culture. Muscle Shoals National Heritage Area comprises Lauderdale, Limestone, Colbert, Franklin, Lawrence and Morgan counties. Significant features of the heritage area include Wheeler Dam, Wilson Dam, Ivy Green, Rosenbaum House, Barton Hall and the northern end of the Natchez Trace. Muscle Shoals National Heritage Area was", "id": "16977602" }, { "contents": "Deer Creek (Mississippi)\n\n\nDeer Creek (also Issaquena Creek or Lower Deer Creek) is a creek in the U.S. state of Mississippi. Its source is Lake Bolivar, in Scott, Bolivar County, Mississippi. As Deer Creek flows south through the Mississippi Delta, it passes through the following counties: Bolivar, Washington, Sharkey, Issaquena, and Warren; and through the following communities: Metcalfe, Stoneville, Leland, Burdett, Arcola, Hollandale, Panther Burn, Nitta Yuma, Anguilla, Rolling Fork, Cary, Onward, and Valley Park.", "id": "1520113" }, { "contents": "Money, Mississippi\n\n\nMoney is an unincorporated Mississippi Delta community near Greenwood in Leflore County, Mississippi, United States. It has fewer than 100 residents, down from 400 in the early 1950s when a cotton mill operated there. Money is located on a railroad line along the Tallahatchie River, a tributary of the Yazoo River in the eastern part of the Mississippi Delta. The community has ZIP code 38945 in the Greenwood, Mississippi micropolitan area. Money is the site of the 1955 lynching of 14-year-old Emmett Till by white men, an event", "id": "15040548" }, { "contents": "Sharkey County, Mississippi\n\n\nSharkey County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. Part of the western border is formed by the Yazoo River. According to the 2010 census, the population was 4,916, making it the second-least populous county in Mississippi. Its county seat is Rolling Fork. The county is named after William L. Sharkey, the provisional Governor of Mississippi in 1865. Sharkey County is located in the Mississippi Delta region. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of , of which is land", "id": "10555635" }, { "contents": "Oil Region National Heritage Area\n\n\nOil Region National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the northwestern portion of the U.S. state of Pennsylvania. The national heritage area commemorates and promotes the region surrounding Edwin Drake's oil well of 1859 near Titusville, which gave rise to the modern oil industry. The national heritage area includes all of Venango County and a portion of Crawford County, including Titusville and Oil Creek Township The Oil Region National Heritage Area was established by Public Law 108-447 in 2004. It is administered by the Oil Region Alliance.", "id": "17389123" }, { "contents": "Delta National Forest\n\n\nDelta National Forest is a U.S. National Forest in western Mississippi, located in Sharkey County, and has an area of . Delta is operated as the Sunflower Wildlife Management Area. The forest is headquartered in Jackson, as are all six National Forests in Mississippi, but Delta Ranger District office is located in Rolling Fork. It is one of only six National Forests that are contained entirely within a single county and the only bottomland hardwood forest in the National Forest system. The Green Ash-Overcup Oak-Sweetgum Research Natural Areas within", "id": "3631940" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\ninfluences in the Mississippi River Delta. They continue to shape preferences of food, music, and art, as well as to maintain the unique identities existing in the southernmost parts of the region. Both cultures speak a form of French; but they are considered to be autonomous and distinct dialects. From 1910–1920, New Orleans became the birthplace of jazz and since has continued its legacy of being home to budding musicians and new musical experiences, tying music directly to its unique culture and diverse heritage. The origins of jazz and blues", "id": "16619580" }, { "contents": "Journey Through Hallowed Ground National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Journey Through Hallowed Ground National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in portions of Pennsylvania, West Virginia, Maryland and Virginia, in the eastern United States. The Journey Through Hallowed Ground National Heritage Area was established on May 8, 2008 by Public Law 110-229, the Consolidated Natural Resources Act of 2008.The designation provides a framework for the promotion and interpretation of the area's cultural and historic character, with particular emphasis on the region's role in the American Civil War, and the preservation of the natural", "id": "13516660" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta\n\n\nThe Mississippi Delta, also known as the Yazoo-Mississippi Delta, is the distinctive northwest section of the U.S. state of Mississippi (and portions of Arkansas and Louisiana) which lies between the Mississippi and Yazoo Rivers. The region has been called \"The Most Southern Place on Earth\" (\"Southern\" in the sense of \"characteristic of its region, the American South\"), because of its unique racial, cultural, and economic history. It is long and across at its widest point, encompassing about , or", "id": "15159888" }, { "contents": "Freedom's Way National Heritage Area\n\n\nFreedom's Way National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing portions of northern Massachusetts and southern New Hampshire. The heritage area includes sites significant to the American Revolution, cultural sites associated with Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau, and Native American sites. The heritage area seeks to preserve the region's landscape and historic structures. The National Heritage Area includes Minute Man National Historical Park, portions of Middlesex and Worcester counties in Massachusetts, and portions of Hillsborough County, New Hampshire, an area including a total of", "id": "14966358" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta\n\n\nside of the Mississippi River, another area of high poverty). The 1990s state legalization of casino gambling in Mississippi has boosted the Delta's economy, particularly in the areas of Tunica and Vicksburg. A large cultural influence in the region is its history of hunting and fishing. Hunting in the Delta is primarily for game such as whitetail deer, wild turkey, and waterfowl, along with many small game species (squirrel, rabbit, dove, quail, raccoon, etc.) For many years, the hunting and fishing", "id": "15159912" }, { "contents": "Baltimore National Heritage Area\n\n\nBaltimore National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing portions of Baltimore, Maryland, USA. The designated area includes the central portion of the city, waterfront, inner neighborhoods and portions of the city's park system. The district includes Fort McHenry and the Inner Harbor, as well as portions of the Charles Street, Falls Road, National Historic Seaport and Star Spangled Banner Maryland Scenic Byways. The Baltimore National Heritage Area was established on March 30, 2009 by the Omnibus Public Land Management Act of 2009 (§", "id": "8582841" }, { "contents": "B.B. King Museum\n\n\nThe B.B. King Museum and Delta Interpretive Center is a Delta blues museum with the mission to \"empower, unite and heal through music, art and education and share with the world the rich cultural heritage of the Mississippi Delta.\" The museum, named for blues legend, B.B. King, is located in his hometown of Indianola, Mississippi, in the United States. The B.B. King Museum and Delta Interpretive Center opened in Indianola Mississippi on September 13, 2008. The museum features a restored brick cotton gin building in which B.B.", "id": "17262603" }, { "contents": "Louise, Mississippi\n\n\nLouise is a town in Humphreys County, Mississippi. The population was 199 at the 2010 census, down from 315 at the 2000 census. Louise is located in southern Humphreys County at (32.981549, -90.591624), along Silver Creek in the Mississippi Delta region. Mississippi Highway 149 passes just east of the town, leading north to U.S. Route 49W at Silver City and south via Mississippi Highway 16 to Yazoo City. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town of Louise has a total area of , all land.", "id": "2222822" }, { "contents": "Arkansas Delta\n\n\nblues and gospel traditions. The East Central Delta area has produced a small number of talented and influential R&B artists. Arkansas's blues Influence, shares a rich heritage with Mississippi and Memphis, Tennessee. Arkansas was home to numerous blues masters, who are held in high esteem by newer generations learning blues history. Arkansas blues artists influenced decades of pop culture music by such artists as Muddy Waters, Little Milton, B.B. King, Eric Clapton, Jeff Beck, Joe Bonamassa, Stevie Ray Vaughan, George Harrison and the Rolling Stones", "id": "6558115" }, { "contents": "Cruger, Mississippi\n\n\nCruger is a town in Holmes County, Mississippi, United States. The population was 386 at the 2010 census, down from 449 at the 2000 census. Cruger is in the northwest corner of Holmes County, in the Mississippi Delta region along U.S. Route 49E. Greenwood is north of Cruger via US 49E, and Yazoo City is to the south. According to the United States Census Bureau, Cruger has a total area of , all land. As of the census of 2000, there were 449 people, 161 households, and", "id": "2222747" }, { "contents": "Carroll County, Mississippi\n\n\nCarroll County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 10,597. Its county seats are Carollton and Vaiden. The county is named for Charles Carroll of Carrollton, the last surviving signatory of the U.S. Declaration of Independence. Carroll County is part of the Greenwood, Micropolitan Statistical Area. Bordered by the Yazoo River on the west and the Big Black River to the east, it is considered within the Mississippi Delta region. Most of its land is in the hill country", "id": "10611479" }, { "contents": "Minter City, Mississippi\n\n\nMinter City is an unincorporated community located in Leflore County and in Tallahatchie County, Mississippi. It is part of the Greenwood, Mississippi micropolitan area, and is within the Mississippi Delta. Mississippi Highway 8 intersects U.S. Route 49E southwest of Minter City, and the Tallahatchie River flows to the east. There is a post office located on U.S. Route 49E, with a ZIP code of 38944. Variant names for the original settlement were \"Walnut Place Landing\" and \"Minter City Landing\". Spanish explorer Hernando de Soto may have", "id": "12467995" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta AVA\n\n\nThe Mississippi Delta AVA is an American Viticultural Area on the left (east) bank of the Mississippi River, between Memphis, Tennessee, and Vicksburg, Mississippi. It includes portions of the Mississippi Delta and the watershed of the lower Mississippi River in the U.S. states of Louisiana (west bank), Mississippi, and Tennessee. Since the creation of the AVA in 1984, there has been very little viticulture in the Mississippi Delta region. Mississippi State University established an enology laboratory to research grape cultivation in the area, but little", "id": "16585963" }, { "contents": "Greenwood, Mississippi\n\n\nGreenwood is a city in and the county seat of Leflore County, Mississippi, located at the eastern edge of the Mississippi Delta, approximately 96 miles north of the state capital, Jackson, Mississippi, and 130 miles south of the riverport of Memphis, Tennessee. It was a center of cotton planter culture in the 19th century. The population was 16,087 at the 2010 census. It is the principal city of the Greenwood Micropolitan Statistical Area. Greenwood developed at the confluence of the Tallahatchie and the Yalobusha rivers, which form the", "id": "3378194" }, { "contents": "Bolivar County, Mississippi\n\n\nBolivar County ( ) is a county located on the western border of the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 34,145. Its county seats are Rosedale and Cleveland. The county is named in honor of Simón Bolívar, early 19th-century leader of the liberation of several South American colonies from Spain. The Cleveland, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area includes all of Bolivar County. It is located in the Mississippi Delta, or Yazoo Basin, of Mississippi. This area was first developed for cotton plantations", "id": "10611493" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nmusic in the region is closely connected to the Mississippi River and the delta, as the location allowed for an influx of cultural influences, including blues and bluegrass music from upriver, to the African and Latin folk hymns and music from the Caribbean islands. The delta is still synonymous with the sounds of jazz, funk and zydeco and remains to be an important cultural hub for new sounds and music, bringing thousands to the area every year to experience the lifestyle and participate in the natural rhythms of the area. The region is", "id": "16619581" }, { "contents": "Essex National Heritage Commission\n\n\nThe Essex National Heritage Commission (ENHC) is a non-profit organization charted to oversee the Essex National Heritage Area, a National Heritage Area composed of all of Essex County, Massachusetts. The commission promotes the cultural heritage with public and private partnerships and with the National Park Service by developing programs that enhance, preserve and encourage regional awareness of the area's unique historic, cultural and natural resources. The commission is based in Salem. The organization has sponsored a number of events and programs that celebrate the region’s history,", "id": "16440799" }, { "contents": "Blue Ridge National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Blue Ridge National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing the twenty-five westernmost counties of North Carolina, which are associated with the Blue Ridge Mountains. The designation provides a framework for the promotion and interpretation of the area's cultural and historic character, and the preservation of the natural and built environment. The National Heritage Area includes the North Carolina portions of Great Smoky Mountains National Park and the Blue Ridge Parkway. Other attractions include Mount Mitchell in Pisgah National Forest, Nantahala National Forest and the North Carolina", "id": "9719864" }, { "contents": "Poverty Point\n\n\nPoverty Point State Historic Site (; 16 WC 5) is a prehistoric earthwork constructed by the Poverty Point culture. The Poverty Point site is located in present-day northeastern Louisiana though evidence of the Poverty Point culture extends throughout much of the Southeastern United States. The culture extended across the Mississippi Delta and south to the Gulf Coast. The Poverty Point site has been designated as a U.S. National Monument, a U.S. National Historic Landmark, and UNESCO World Heritage Site. Located in the Southern United States, the site is from the", "id": "10100047" }, { "contents": "Geography of Arkansas\n\n\nState Park, Delta Heritage Trail State Park, Felsenthal National Wildlife Refuge, Lake Chicot State Park, Mississippi River State Park, Overflow National Wildlife Refuge and White River National Wildlife Refuge. The flat topography and fertile soils of Southeast Arkansas have been important to the region throughout its history, first to the Native American that inhabited the region. This history is available today at museums like the Pine Bluff/Jefferson County Historical Museum. The area was one of the first explored and settled in Arkansas; including the territorial capital at Arkansas", "id": "17334085" }, { "contents": "Tchula, Mississippi\n\n\nhad vanished, partly due to increased use of machines in agriculture. Many businesses formerly in the town had disappeared. Tchula is in western Holmes County along Tchula Lake, an old river channel in the Mississippi Delta region of the state. U.S. Route 49E passes through the center of town, leading north to Greenwood and southwest to Yazoo. Mississippi Highway 12 leads southeast from Tchula to Lexington, the Holmes County seat. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of , of which , or 2.31", "id": "2222794" }, { "contents": "Freedom's Frontier National Heritage Area\n\n\nFreedom's Frontier National Heritage Area, Inc. (FFNHA) is a federally designated U.S. National Heritage Area located in eastern Kansas and Western Missouri. This heritage area preserves, conserves, and interprets historic and cultural landscapes pertaining to: the shaping of the frontier, the Missouri-Kansas Border War, and the enduring struggle for freedom. FFNHA was authorized on October 12, 2006, with the passage of the National Heritage Areas Act of 2006. The management plan for the heritage area was approved by the Board of Trustees on June", "id": "353294" }, { "contents": "Sunflower County, Mississippi\n\n\nSunflower County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 29,450. Its largest city and county seat is Indianola. Sunflower County comprises the Indianola, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is included in the Cleveland-Indianola, MS Combined Statistical Area. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region. Sunflower Country was created in 1844. The land mass encompassed most of Sunflower and Leflore Counties as we know them today. The first seat of government was Clayton, located near", "id": "10555603" }, { "contents": "Atchafalaya National Heritage Area\n\n\nAtchafalaya National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing parts of fourteen parishes along the Atchafalaya River in the U.S. State of Louisiana. The heritage area extends the length of the Atchafalaya Basin from the area of Ferriday in the north to the river's mouth beyond Morgan City. The National Heritage Area is divided into four regions: Upper, Between 2 Rivers, Bayou Teche Corridor and the Coastal Zone. The designation provides a framework for the promotion and interpretation of the area's cultural and historic character, and the preservation", "id": "9171577" }, { "contents": "Niagara Falls National Heritage Area\n\n\nNiagara Falls National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing the Niagara Falls region of the U.S. State of New York. The heritage area includes the communities of Niagara Falls, Youngstown and Lewiston. The designation provides a framework for the promotion and interpretation of the area's cultural and historic character, and the preservation of the natural and built environment. The heritage area designation recognizes the area's importance to Native Americans, to early European explorers of America, the American Revolution, the War of 1812 and the area's", "id": "9115304" }, { "contents": "Warren County, Mississippi\n\n\nWarren County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 48,773. Its county seat is Vicksburg. Created by legislative act of 22 December 1809, Warren County is named for American Revolutionary War officer Joseph Warren. Part of the Mississippi Delta and the historic cotton culture, Warren County is included in the Vicksburg, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Jackson-Vicksburg-Brookhaven, MS Combined Statistical Area. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the", "id": "10555530" }, { "contents": "Greenwood, Mississippi micropolitan area\n\n\nThe Greenwood Micropolitan Statistical Area is a micropolitan area in the northwestern Delta region of Mississippi that covers two counties - Leflore and Carroll. As of the 2000 census, the μSA had a population of 48,716 (though a July 1, 2009 estimate placed the population at 44,841). As of the census of 2000, there were 48,716 people, 17,027 households, and 11,956 families residing within the μSA. The racial makeup of the μSA was 37.22% White, 60.85% African American, 0.10% Native American, 0.54% Asian", "id": "8919330" }, { "contents": "James Thomas (blues musician)\n\n\n\". In 1985, his work was featured in the prestigious Corcoran Gallery in Washington, D.C., where he was introduced to Nancy Reagan, then the First Lady. Thomas's skulls are on display in the Delta Blues Museum, in Clarksdale, Mississippi, and the Highway 61 Blues Museum, in Leland, Mississippi. Thomas played at numerous blues festivals and private parties throughout the area, including the Mississippi Delta Blues and Heritage Festival in Greenville. In the 1970s, Eddie Cusic performed with Thomas at regular engagements. Together they", "id": "17330513" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nand is an important coastal region for the United States, containing more than of coastal wetlands and 37% of the estuarine marsh in the conterminous U.S. The coastal area is the nation's largest drainage basin and drains about 41% of the contiguous United States into the Gulf of Mexico at an average rate of . The modern Mississippi River Delta formed over the last approximately 4,500 years as the Mississippi River deposited sand, clay and silt along its banks and in adjacent basins. The Mississippi River Delta is a river-dominated delta system", "id": "16619564" }, { "contents": "Arabia Mountain National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Arabia Mountain National Heritage Area is a National Heritage Area in the U.S. state of Georgia that encompasses natural, cultural, and historical elements to form a cohesive, nationally significant environment. The area is due east of Atlanta and spans reaching from the historic commercial center of Lithonia to the Monastery of the Holy Spirit in Conyers, including a number of sites in between, including Panola Mountain State Park, Davidson-Arabia Mountain Nature Preserve, the Mall at Stonecrest, and more. The Heritage Area was established in 2006, and", "id": "352970" }, { "contents": "Sangre de Cristo National Heritage Area\n\n\nSangre de Cristo National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the south central portion of the U.S. state of Colorado. The heritage area includes the San Luis Valley and portions of the Sangre de Cristo Range. The region combines influences of Anglo-American, Hispano-American and Native American influences. It also includes portions of the upper Rio Grande valley. The national heritage area includes Alamosa, Costilla, and Conejos counties, and portions of Saguache and Rio Grande counties. It also includes within its boundaries Great Sand", "id": "17389640" }, { "contents": "Delta State–Mississippi College football rivalry\n\n\nThe Delta State–Mississippi College football rivalry, commonly known as the Heritage Bell Classic, is a college football rivalry game between a public university and a private Christian college in the U.S. state of Mississippi, the Delta State University Statesmen and the Mississippi College Choctaws. The current winner is Delta State, who won, 28–21, on November 10, 2018. Delta State leads the all-time series, 22–15–2. The Delta State Statesmen were co-founding members of the Gulf South Conference in 1970. Mississippi College joined the", "id": "15797675" }, { "contents": "Delta blues\n\n\nDelta blues is one of the earliest-known styles of blues music. It originated in the Mississippi Delta, a region of the U.S. stretching from Memphis, Tennessee, in the north to Vicksburg, Mississippi, in the south and from Helena, Arkansas, in the west to the Yazoo River in the east. The Mississippi Delta is famous for its fertile soil and for its poverty. Delta blues is regarded as a regional variant of country blues. Guitar and harmonica are its dominant instruments; slide guitar is a hallmark of", "id": "7794018" }, { "contents": "Arkansas Delta\n\n\na decline. Charles Bowden of \"National Geographic\" wrote, \"By 1970 the sharecropping world was already disappearing, and the landscape of today—huge fields, giant machines, battered towns, few people—beginning to emerge.\" The Arkansas Delta is known for its rich musical heritage. While defined primarily by its deep blues/gospel roots, it is distinguished somewhat from its Mississippi Delta counterpart by more intricately interwoven country music and R&B elements. Arkansas blues musicians have defined every genre of blues from its inception, including", "id": "6558110" }, { "contents": "Greenwood High School (Mississippi)\n\n\nGreenwood High School is a public high school located in Greenwood, Leflore County, in the U.S. state of Mississippi. The school is part of the Greenwood Public School District. Greenwood, Mississippi, is a town of slightly over 15,000 residents located on the banks of the Yazoo River about south of Memphis, Tennessee, and about north of Jackson, Mississippi. The city and county are named after Greenwood Leflore, the designated leader of the Choctaw nation who ceded Mississippi land under pressure of the 1830 Indian Removal Act to the United", "id": "4541464" }, { "contents": "Upper Housatonic Valley National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Upper Housatonic Valley National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the U.S. states of Connecticut and Massachusetts. The heritage area interprets and promotes the historical, cultural and scenic features of the upper Housatonic River valley in the western part of both states. The heritage area focuses on five themes: the area's role as a resort for writers, artists, actors and musicians, the scenic landscape, the area's role in industry, the American Revolutionary War, and the social and religious groups associated with the area", "id": "17597179" }, { "contents": "National Heritage Area\n\n\nA National Heritage Area is a site designated by United States and intended to encourage historic preservation of the area and an appreciation of the history and heritage of the site. There are currently 55 National Heritage Areas, some of which use variations of the title, such as National Heritage Corridor. National Heritage Areas (NHAs) are not National Park Service units or federally owned or managed land. NHAs are administered by state governments or non-profit organizations or other private corporations, referred to as \"local coordinating entities\". The", "id": "2301876" }, { "contents": "Lackawanna Heritage Valley National and State Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Lackawanna Heritage Valley National and State Heritage Area is a state and federally designated National Heritage Area in northeastern Pennsylvania. It was initially established in 1991 as the first State Heritage Park in Pennsylvania, and was additionally designated a National Heritage Area in 2000. The designations recognize the area's heritage of industry, architecture, history and natural resources, and provide a framework for development and promotion of these features. The Lackawanna Heritage Valley National and State Heritage Area is managed by the Lackawanna Heritage Valley Authority, or LHVA. The National", "id": "16220344" }, { "contents": "Kenai Mountains – Turnagain Arm National Heritage Area\n\n\nKenai Mountains – Turnagain Arm National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the U.S. state of Alaska. The heritage area extends across the northern part of the Kenai Peninsula, immediately to the north and east of Kenai Fjords National Park. The designation recognizes the area's unique cultural, scenic and historical features and provides a unified organization for promotion of the area's attractions. The Kenai Mountains – Turnagain Arm National Heritage Area (KMTA) includes the road corridor between Seward and Hope and Whittier, from Resurrection Bay in", "id": "16167272" }, { "contents": "Mayersville, Mississippi\n\n\nMayersville is a town on the east bank of the Mississippi River, and the county seat for Issaquena County, Mississippi, United States. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region, known for cotton cultivation in the antebellum era. Once the trading center for the county, the town was superseded when railroads were built into the area. The population of the majority-black town was 547 at the 2010 census, down from 795 at the 2000 census. Native Americans had lived in this area since prehistoric times. The Mayersville", "id": "2222833" }, { "contents": "Crenshaw, Mississippi\n\n\nCrenshaw is a town in Panola and Quitman counties in the U.S. state of Mississippi. The population was 916 at the 2000 census. Crenshaw is located at (34.502661, -90.195841). Most of the town is in Panola County with a small portion on the west side in Quitman County. In the 2000 census, 697 of the town's 916 residents (76.1%) lived in Panola County and 219 (23.9%) in Quitman County. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of", "id": "17931693" }, { "contents": "Panola County, Mississippi\n\n\nPanola County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 34,707. Its county seats are Sardis and Batesville. Panola is the anglicization of \"ponolo\", a word meaning thread in both old Choctaw and Chickasaw and cotton in modern Choctaw. The county is located just east of the Mississippi Delta and bisected by the Tallahatchie River flowing to the southwest, separating the two county seats. Panola County was established February 9, 1836, and is one of the twelve large", "id": "10555705" }, { "contents": "MotorCities National Heritage Area\n\n\nMotorCities National Heritage Area or Motor Cities National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area that commemorates and promotes the automobile industry in Metro Detroit, with portions of 16 counties in southern Michigan, United States. The scope of the heritage area includes sites and events relating to the motor industry as well as the industry's impact on labor, society and the environment. The heritage area comprises more than 1200 automotive-related sites, including the Henry Ford Museum, Fair Lane, various Ford plants, the Automotive Hall of Fame", "id": "16976479" }, { "contents": "Great Basin National Heritage Area\n\n\nGreat Basin National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in Nevada and Utah, including White Pine County, Nevada and Millard County, Utah. The area was designated to recognize and promote the scenic and cultural resources associated with this central portion of the Great Basin. The National Heritage Area includes Great Basin National Park and portions of Humboldt-Toiyabe and Fishlake National Forests, as well as Fort Deseret, Sevier Lake and the Topaz War Relocation Center. Great Basin National Heritage Area was designated on October 13, 2006.", "id": "15909144" }, { "contents": "Crowder, Mississippi\n\n\nCrowder is a town in Panola and Quitman counties in the state of Mississippi. The population was 766 at the 2000 census. Most of Crowder is in Quitman County with a portion on the east in adjacent Panola County. In the 2000 census, 462 of the town's 766 residents (60.3%) lived in Quitman County and 304 (39.7%) in Panola County. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 0.4 square miles (1.2 km², all land. As of the", "id": "17931698" }, { "contents": "Rivers of Steel National Heritage Area\n\n\nRivers of Steel National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in southwestern Pennsylvania, centered on Pittsburgh and oriented around the interpretation and promotion of the region's steel-making heritage. The area roughly covers the valleys of the Ohio, Monongahela and lower Allegheny rivers. Major interpretive locations include the Carrie Furnace, Pinkerton's Landing Bridge and other features of the Homestead Steel Works. The national heritage area comprises Allegheny, Armstrong, Beaver, Butler, Greene, Fayette, Washington and Westmoreland counties. Rivers of Steel National Heritage", "id": "17389345" }, { "contents": "Crowley's Ridge Parkway\n\n\nroute which allowed the traveler to experience the Southern heritage of the area. The National Scenic Byway designation came the following year, with an extension into Missouri in 2000. The majority of the route is in Arkansas, and the parkway begins in Phillips County, Arkansas, in Helena-West Helena very near the Helena Bridge over the Mississippi River. Beginning at US Route 49 (US 49) and running north with US 49 Business (US 49B), the route passes historic properties including the Delta Cultural Center, the Jerome", "id": "1149985" }, { "contents": "Issaquena County, Mississippi\n\n\nIssaquena County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 1,406, making it the least populous county in the United States east of the Mississippi River. Its county seat is Mayersville. With a per-capita income of $18,598, Issaquena County is the poorest county in the United States. Issaquena County is located in the Mississippi Delta region. The Mississippi River flows along the entire western boundary of the county, and many of the earliest communities were river ports.", "id": "10611264" }, { "contents": "Delta Regional Authority\n\n\n, Mississippi; Tunica County, Mississippi; Union County, Mississippi; Walthall County, Mississippi; Warren County, Mississippi; Washington County, Mississippi; Wilkinson County, Mississippi; Yalobusha County, Mississippi; Yazoo County, Mississippi Missouri Bollinger County, Missouri; Butler County, Missouri; Cape Girardeau County, Missouri; Carter County, Missouri; Crawford County, Missouri; Dent County, Missouri; Douglas County, Missouri; Dunklin County, Missouri; Howell County, Missouri; Iron County, Missouri; Madison County, Missouri; Mississippi", "id": "11170385" }, { "contents": "Tunica County, Mississippi\n\n\nTunica County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 10,778. Its county seat is Tunica. The county is named for the Tunica Native Americans. Most migrated to central Louisiana during the colonial period. Tunica County is part of the Memphis, TN-MS-AR Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region. Since the late 20th century, it is known for Tunica Resorts (formerly Robinsonville), an unincorporated community that is the site", "id": "10555567" }, { "contents": "Emmett Till\n\n\nin the Mississippi Delta are memorialized as associated with Till. Emmett Till was born in 1941 in Chicago; he was the son of Mamie Carthan (1921–2003) and Louis Till (1922–1945). Emmett's mother Mamie was born in the small Delta town of Webb, Mississippi. The Delta region encompasses the large, multi-county area of northwestern Mississippi in the watershed of the Yazoo and Mississippi rivers. When Carthan was two years old, her family moved to Argo, Illinois, as part of the Great Migration of rural", "id": "2570054" }, { "contents": "History of New Orleans\n\n\nUnion during the Civil War. With its rich and unique cultural and architectural heritage, it remains a major destination for tourism, conventions, and major sports events, even after the major destruction and loss of life resulting from Hurricane Katrina in 2005. The land mass that was to become the city of New Orleans was formed around 2200 BC when the Mississippi River deposited silt creating the delta region. Before Europeans founded the settlement, the area was inhabited by Native Americans for about 1300 years. The Mississippian culture peoples built mounds and", "id": "3084005" }, { "contents": "B.B. King Museum\n\n\nKing worked in the 1940s. The museum also contains an extensive collection of artifacts owned by King and displays exhibits about his life and the lives of other musicians of the delta region and the culture where the blues arose. The museum commemorates the famous blues artist, B.B King, who was from the Mississippi Delta. The museum has multiple exhibits highlighting King's Delta Blue music. Exhibits include interactive exhibits, King memorabilia, and stories. The museum seeks to help preserve Delta Blues and its culture by promoting its importance. In", "id": "17262604" }, { "contents": "Missouri Bootheel\n\n\nwrites: Given the population in the area, even a moderately sized earthquake would be disastrous. The Bootheel (pronounced Boothill in the region) is on the edge of the Mississippi Delta culture that produced the Delta blues. Its relatively large black population makes it distinct from the rest of rural Missouri. The area has a unique rural black culture reflected in its music, churches and other traditions. The black population ranges from about 26% in Pemiscot County, to 15% in New Madrid County, and about 9% in", "id": "12618286" }, { "contents": "Moorhead, Mississippi\n\n\nMoorhead is a city in Sunflower County, Mississippi. As of the 2000 census, the city population was 2,573. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of , of which is land and 0.77% is water. Moorhead is along U.S. Route 82, east of Indianola. Moorhead is located at the intersection of the Southern and Yazoo Delta railroads. This is the origin of the legendary blues crossroads phrase \"where the Southern cross the Dog\". As of the 2010 United States Census,", "id": "2223816" }, { "contents": "Blanche Bruce\n\n\nsteamboat porter on the Mississippi River. In 1864, he moved to Hannibal, Missouri, where he established a school for black children. In 1868, during Reconstruction, Bruce relocated to Bolivar near Cleveland in northwestern Mississippi, at which he purchased a Mississippi Delta plantation. He became a wealthy landowner of several thousand acres in the Mississippi Delta. He was appointed to the positions of Tallahatchie County registrar of voters and tax assessor before he won an election for sheriff in Bolivar County. He later was elected to other county positions,", "id": "13640962" }, { "contents": "Delta, Mississippi\n\n\nDelta is a ghost town in Coahoma County, Mississippi, United States. Once a thriving port on the Mississippi River, Delta today is covered by farmland and a portion of the Mississippi Levee. Nothing remains of the original settlement. The county seat was moved from Port Royal to Delta in 1842. In 1844, Delta was surveyed and laid off into lots. The town had a population of about 700, and was a busy steamboat port. Delta incorporated in 1848. That same year, the river flooded the town,", "id": "8584565" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nbenefits that are unique to the region. These vital resources are at constant risk of being lost with the continual land loss and the decreasing size of the natural coastal area. The Mississippi River Delta has a strong economy which relies heavily on tourism and recreational activities such as fishing, hunting and wildlife watching as well as commercial fishing, oil, gas, and shipping industries. There are a number of major industries in the Mississippi River Delta that drive the local and national economy, including: In total, the five Gulf Coast", "id": "16619584" }, { "contents": "Holmes County, Mississippi\n\n\nHolmes County is a county in the U.S. state of Mississippi; its western border is formed by the Yazoo River and the eastern border by the Big Black River. The western part of the county is within the Yazoo-Mississippi Delta. As of the 2010 census, the population was 19,198. Its county seat is Lexington. The county is named in honor of David Holmes, territorial governor and the first governor of the state of Mississippi and later United States Senator for Mississippi. A favorite son, Edmond Favor Noel, was", "id": "10611282" }, { "contents": "Greenville, Mississippi\n\n\nGreenville is a city in, and the county seat of, Washington County, Mississippi, United States. The population was 34,400 at the 2010 census. It is located in the area of historic cotton plantations and culture known as the Mississippi Delta. This area was occupied by indigenous peoples for thousands of years. When the French explored here, they encountered the historic Natchez people. As part of their colony known as \"La Louisiane\", the French established a settlement at what became Natchez, Mississippi. Other Native American tribes", "id": "2224007" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nartery. In addition to shipping, local and commercial fisheries continued to expand. The discovery of vast oil and gas deposits brought further economic and environmental changes to the delta. Despite these profound changes, the delta today remains very much rooted in the vibrant cultural and social traditions of its residents. The Mississippi River Delta is home to more than two million people. The location of the delta at the mouth of the Mississippi River allowed for the area to be a cultural gateway into the United States, and influenced the mix of", "id": "16619576" }, { "contents": "Essex Heritage\n\n\nEssex Heritage is a non-profit organization charted to promote the cultural heritage of Essex County in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. Working with both public and private partnerships and with the National Park Service, the group supports and develops programs that enhance, preserve and encourage regional awareness of the area’s unique historic, cultural and natural resources. Headquartered in Salem, Massachusetts, the Commission services the 34 communities of Essex County. It has been recognized by the United States Congress in recognition of the important role that this region played in American", "id": "16609234" }, { "contents": "Washington County, Mississippi\n\n\nWashington County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 51,137. Its county seat is Greenville. The county is named in honor of the first President of the United States, George Washington. The Greenville, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area includes all of Washington County. It is located in the Mississippi Delta. Located in the Mississippi Delta, Washington County was first developed for cotton cultivation in the antebellum years. Most plantations were developed to have access to the rivers, which", "id": "10555522" }, { "contents": "Mississippi\n\n\nIsland. The northwest remainder of the state consists of the Mississippi Delta, a section of the Mississippi Alluvial Plain. The plain is narrow in the south and widens north of Vicksburg. The region has rich soil, partly made up of silt which had been regularly deposited by the flood waters of the Mississippi River. Areas under the management of the National Park Service include: Mississippi City Population Rankings of at least 50,000 (United States Census Bureau as of 2017): Mississippi City Population Rankings of at least 20,000 but fewer than", "id": "21293458" }, { "contents": "Belzoni, Mississippi\n\n\nBelzoni ( ) is a city in Humphreys County, Mississippi, in the Mississippi Delta region, on the Yazoo River. The population was 2,235 at the 2010 census. It is the county seat of Humphreys County. It was named for the 19th-century Italian archaeologist/explorer Giovanni Battista Belzoni. The area was named Farm-Raised Catfish Capital of the World in 1976 by then Governor Cliff Finch, since it produces more farm-raised catfish than any other U.S. county. About of the county are under water in ponds", "id": "2222804" }, { "contents": "2011 Mississippi River floods\n\n\nfrom Vicksburg was cut off for more than two weeks. U.S. Highway 61 between Vicksburg and Port Gibson was closed by backwater flooding along the Big Black River on May 12; it reopened June 1. Another portion of U.S. Highway 61 near Redwood was closed by backwater flooding along the Yazoo River on May 13 and was closed until June 3. In anticipation of major flooding, the U.S. federal government declared 14 counties along the Mississippi River, the Thames River: Adams, Bolivar, Claiborne, Coahoma, DeSoto, Humphreys, Issaquena", "id": "8214155" }, { "contents": "Memphis, Tennessee\n\n\nother places in the world could offer cheaper labor, and the workforce was undereducated for today's challenges. The Memphis Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA), the 42nd largest in the United States, has a 2010 population of 1,316,100 and includes the Tennessee counties of Shelby, Tipton and Fayette; as well as the northern Mississippi counties of DeSoto, Marshall, Tate, and Tunica; and Crittenden County, Arkansas, all part of the Mississippi Delta. The total metropolitan area has a higher proportion of whites and a higher per capita", "id": "4225772" }, { "contents": "Northern Plains National Heritage Area\n\n\nNorthern Plains National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area along an length of the Missouri River in central North Dakota. The heritage area promotes and interprets the scenic, cultural and historic heritage of the region. It extends from Knife River Indian Villages National Historic Site to Huff Indian Village State Historic Site The area interprets the history of the Three Affiliated Tribes, the passage of the Lewis and Clark Expedition, the fur trade, steamboats on the Missouri and Fort Abraham Lincoln. It also interprets the area's association with the", "id": "17044952" }, { "contents": "Tornado outbreak of April 22–25, 2010\n\n\ncrossed the Mississippi River shortly thereafter, and damaged or destroyed numerous homes on the north side of Eagle Lake. The tornado then moved across the Delta National Forest in Issaquena and Sharkey Counties, causing major tree damage. The tornado again caused significant home damage northwest of Satartia, and again as it crossed Highway 3 near the Crupp community. The tornado then moved through rural areas southwest of Yazoo City, causing major damage or total destruction of a number of homes, as well as intense tree damage. As the tornado approached the", "id": "5566995" }, { "contents": "Segregation academy\n\n\npercent of Virginia's non-Hispanic white students attended these isolated schools., In Mississippi, many of the segregation academies were first established in the black-majority Mississippi Delta region in northwestern Mississippi. The Delta has historically had a very large majority-black population, related to the history of the use of slave labor on cotton plantations. The potential for integration resulted in white parents' establishing segregation academies in every county in the Delta. Many academies are still operating, from Indianola, Mississippi to Humphreys County. These schools", "id": "16560206" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nnationalities which settled in the area over time, forming the diversity of the region. Louisiana's first 18th century colonists were French, but they were soon joined by Spanish and Acadian settlers. The region has been home to other European-immigrant ethnic groups, beginning in the 19th century, including German, Sicilian, and Irish. There are also the Africans, West Indians, and Native Americans in the mix. The combination of these groups over time has created the special culture found in the Mississippi River Delta. Two unique", "id": "16619577" }, { "contents": "Champlain Valley National Heritage Area\n\n\nClinton, Essex, Warren, Saratoga and Washington counties in New York, and Bennington, Rutland, Addison, Chittenden, Franklin and Grand Isle counties in Vermont. Attractions located within the National Heritage Area include Fort Ticonderoga, the Lake Champlain Maritime Museum, Saratoga National Historical Park, portions of Adirondack Park and Green Mountain National Forest, Missisquoi National Wildlife Refuge and the Lake Champlain Underwater Historic Preserves. The Champlain Valley National Heritage Area was established by the Champlain Valley National Heritage Act of 2005. It is administered by the Champlain Valley", "id": "9913189" }, { "contents": "Atchafalaya National Heritage Area\n\n\nof the natural and built environment. The heritage area designation recognizes the area's unique environment and culture, and its contributions to music, English and French language, literature, and cuisine. Major locales included in the Heritage Area include Avery Island, New Iberia, Morgan City, Lafayette, Opelousas, Baton Rouge, Plaquemine and Houma. Jean Lafitte National Historical Park, Longfellow-Evangeline State Historic Site and Plaquemine Lock State Historic Site are included in the heritage area, as well as the Louisiana State Museum branches in Baton Rouge", "id": "9171578" }, { "contents": "Bryant Clark\n\n\nBryant W. Clark (born October 31, 1974) is an American politician from the state of Mississippi. A member of the Democratic Party, Clark is a member of the Mississippi House of Representatives, and represents the 47th district. He has served in the Mississippi House since 2004. The district includes parts of Attala, Holmes and Yazoo counties, which is located in central Mississippi. The district comprises both the Hills and Mississippi Delta regions of the state. Clark is a lifelong resident of Ebenezer, located in southern Holmes County", "id": "18412525" }, { "contents": "Louisiana African American Heritage Trail\n\n\nLouisiana African American Heritage Trail () is a cultural heritage trail with 26 sites designated in 2008 by the state of Louisiana, from New Orleans along the Mississippi River to Baton Rouge and Shreveport, with sites in small towns and plantations also included. In New Orleans several sites are within a walking area. Auto travel is required to reach sites outside the city. A variety of African-American museums devoted to art, history and culture are on the \"trail\", as is the Cane River Creole National Historical Park,", "id": "6088712" }, { "contents": "Delta Blues Museum\n\n\nThe Delta Blues Museum in Clarksdale, Mississippi, United States exists to collect, preserve, and provide public access to and awareness of the blues. Along with holdings of significant blues-related memorabilia, the museum also exhibits and collects art portraying the blues tradition, including works by sculptor Floyd Shaman and photographer Birney Imes. The museum is located in the Yazoo and Mississippi Valley Passenger Depot, also known as Illinois Central Passenger Depot or Clarksdale Passenger Depot, which was built in 1926 and listed on the National Register of Historic Places", "id": "19201111" }, { "contents": "Clarksdale, Mississippi\n\n\nClarksdale is a city in Coahoma County, Mississippi, United States, and seat of the county. The western boundary of the county is formed by the Mississippi River. Located in the Mississippi Delta region, Clarksdale is an agricultural and trading center. It has been home to many blues musicians. Clarksdale is named after John Clark, who founded the city in the mid-19th century. Choctaw and Chickasaw Indians occupied the Delta region prior to the arrival of European settlers. Clarksdale was developed at the former intersection of two Indian routes:", "id": "2119137" }, { "contents": "Education segregation in the Mississippi Delta\n\n\nThe Mississippi Delta region has had the most segregated schools -- and for the longest time—of any part of the United States. As recently as the 2016–2017 school year, East Side High School in Cleveland, Mississippi, was practically all black: 359 of 360 students were African-American. The Delta region of Mississippi is nineteen counties in the northwest of the state, bounded on the west by the Mississippi River and the south by the Yazoo River. It is a poor region of the country's poorest state. In", "id": "13439199" } ]

[ { "contents": "Mississippi Delta National Heritage Area\n\n\nMississippi Delta National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area that seeks to preserve and promote the landscape, culture and history of the Mississippi Delta in the northwestern portion of the U.S. state of Mississippi. The region is famous for blues music and a unique culture that has had broad influence on music and literature, both in the United States and worldwide. The national heritage area comprises Bolivar, Carroll, Coahoma, Desoto, Holmes, Humphreys, Issaquena, Leflore, Panola, Quitman, Sharkey, Tallahatchie, Tate, Tunica", "id": "16296069" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta\n\n\nyears. The land is flat and contains some of the most fertile soil in the world. It is two hundred miles long and seventy miles across at its widest point, encompassing approximately 4,415,000 acres, or, some 7,000 square miles of alluvial floodplain. On the east, it is bounded by bluffs extending beyond the Yazoo River. It includes all or part of the following counties: Washington, Western DeSoto, Humphreys, Carroll, Issaquena, Western Panola, Quitman, Bolivar, Coahoma, Leflore, Sunflower, Sharkey, Tate", "id": "15159893" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta Community College\n\n\nof Mississippi in April 1928. The name was changed to Mississippi Delta Junior College in 1960 and to Mississippi Delta Community College in 1989. The official service area of the college includes Bolivar, Humphreys, Issaquena, Leflore, Sharkey, Sunflower, and Washington counties. Coahoma County was originally in the college's service area, but the Mississippi Legislature removed it effective July 1, 1995, and it is now served by the Coahoma Community College. The main campus is located in Moorhead, Mississippi. Stauffer-Wood Administration Building houses", "id": "21307039" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Gulf Coast National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Mississippi Gulf Coast National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area along the Gulf coast of Mississippi. The designated area comprises six counties recognized for their unique cultural and scenic qualities. The National Heritage Area designation provides a unified marketing and promotional framework for the region. The National Heritage Area comprises Pearl River, Stone, George, Hancock, Harrison and Jackson counties. It includes the Mississippi portion of Gulf Islands National Seashore. The area was devastated by Hurricane Katrina in 2005. Much of the national heritage area's efforts", "id": "16361240" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Hills National Heritage Area\n\n\nMississippi Hills National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the northeastern portion of the U.S. state of Mississippi. The designation commemorates the region's impact on American culture and its role in the American Civil War and the American civil rights movement. The national heritage area designation provides a unified marketing and promotion framework for the area. The national heritage area covers all of Marshall, Benton, Tippah, Alcorn, Tishomingo, Lafayette, Union, Pontotoc, Lee, Itawamba, Calhoun, Chickasaw and Monroe counties, and those", "id": "17388610" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River floods of 2019\n\n\nwith some inundated by 15 feet of water. The Yazoo Backwater Area in the Mississippi Delta north of Vicksburg, Mississippi, experienced both record flood stages and record duration of flooding during the winter, spring, and summer of 2019. Portions of Warren, Issaquena, Sharkey, Yazoo, Humphreys, and Washington Counties were flooded. Almost half of the land area of Issaquena and Sharkey Counties experienced flooding. In late May, flood waters covered over 860 square miles (550,000 acres or 220,000 hectares), including about 390 square miles", "id": "13577492" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta\n\n\n, Tunica, Tallahatchie, Western Holmes, Western Yazoo, Western Grenada and Warren. Lexington is also part of the delta. The shifting river delta at the mouth of the Mississippi on the Gulf Coast lies some 300 miles south of this area, and is referred to as the Mississippi River Delta. The two should not be confused. Chinese began settling in Bolivar County and other Delta counties as plantation workers in the 1870s, though most Delta Chinese families migrated to the state between the 1900s and 1930s. Most Chinese immigrants worked", "id": "15159894" }, { "contents": "George W. Gayles\n\n\n1882, and then again in 1884 and 1886. In the House, he represented the 28th district, which included Bolivar, Coahoma, and Quitman County.In the Senate, he represented the ninth district, including Bolivar, Calhoun, and Sunflower counties. He was also chairman of the Third district Republican Convention in 1886 in Mississippi consisting of Bolivar, Coahoma, Issaquena, Leflore, Sunflower, Sharkey, Tunica, Quitman, Washington, and Warren counties. He was the only black state senator in Mississippi during his terms and", "id": "20783617" }, { "contents": "Coahoma County, Mississippi\n\n\nCoahoma County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 26,151. Its county seat is Clarksdale. The Clarksdale, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area includes all of Coahoma County. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region of Mississippi. Coahoma County was established February 9, 1836, and is located in the northwestern part of the state in the fertile Yazoo Delta region. The name \"Coahoma\" is a Choctaw word meaning \"red panther.\" The act creating the county", "id": "10611425" }, { "contents": "Delta Regional Authority\n\n\nMississippi; Jefferson Davis County, Mississippi; Lawrence County, Mississippi; Leflore County, Mississippi; Lafayette County, Mississippi; Madison County, Mississippi; Marion County, Mississippi; Lincoln County, Mississippi; Montgomery County, Mississippi; Panola County, Mississippi; Marshall County, Mississippi; Quitman County, Mississippi; Rankin County, Mississippi; Pike County, Mississippi; Smith County, Mississippi; Sunflower County, Mississippi; Sharkey County, Mississippi; Simpson County, Mississippi; Tippah County, Mississippi; Tallahatchie County, Mississippi; Tate County", "id": "11170384" }, { "contents": "Delta Regional Authority\n\n\nLouisiana; Winn Parish, Louisiana Mississippi Adams County, Mississippi; Amite County, Mississippi; Attala County, Mississippi; Benton County, Mississippi; Bolivar County, Mississippi; Carroll County, Mississippi; Claiborne County, Mississippi; Coahoma County, Mississippi; Copiah County, Mississippi; Covington County, Mississippi; DeSoto County, Mississippi; Franklin County, Mississippi; Grenada County, Mississippi; Hinds County, Mississippi; Holmes County, Mississippi; Humphreys County, Mississippi; Issaquena County, Mississippi; Jasper County, Mississippi; Jefferson County,", "id": "11170383" }, { "contents": "South Park National Heritage Area\n\n\nSouth Park National Heritage Area is a U.S. National Heritage Area encompassing the South Park of Colorado. Established on March 30, 2009 by the Omnibus Public Land Management Act of 2009 (§7002), the South Park NHA is managed by the Park County, Colorado Office of Tourism to promote and interpret the area's natural, scenic, and cultural resources. The National Heritage Area designation funds promotion of the area's mining, recreation, and ranching heritage. The National Heritage Area covers the majority of Park County, including the", "id": "8157140" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Civil Rights Museum\n\n\n2017, the Mississippi Department of Archives and History brought in Pam Junior as the new museum Director. Junior came from the Smith Robertson Museum and Cultural Center in Jackson, where she had been manager since 1999. Junior is a member of the board of directors for the Mississippi Delta National Heritage Area and Mississippi Book Festival and a co-founder of the Mississippi Black Theater Festival The museum hired Hilferty & Associates to design exhibits for the museum, which were fabricated by Exhibit Concepts. Monadnock Media designed the audio portions of the exhibits", "id": "6914076" }, { "contents": "Leflore County, Mississippi\n\n\nLeflore County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 32,317. The county seat is Greenwood. The county is named for Choctaw leader Greenwood LeFlore, who signed a treaty to cede his people's land to the United States in exchange for land in Indian Territory. LeFlore stayed in Mississippi, settling on land reserved for him in Tallahatchie County. Leflore County is part of the Greenwood, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region, with", "id": "10611085" }, { "contents": "Tallahatchie County, Mississippi\n\n\nTallahatchie County is a county in the U.S. state of Mississippi. At the 2010 census, the population was 15,378. Its county seats are Charleston and Sumner. Tallahatchie County is located in the Mississippi Delta region, divided by the Tallahatchie River which runs from north to south through the county before joining what becomes the Yazoo River in LeFlore County. The county was founded on December 31, 1833 after most of the Choctaw Nation was forced out under Indian Removal. Tallahatchie is a Choctaw name meaning \"rock of waters\". The", "id": "10555589" }, { "contents": "National Coal Heritage Area\n\n\nThe National Coal Heritage Area (NCHA) is a federally designated region of thirteen counties in West Virginia that were the source of \"smokeless\" bituminous coal through much of the 20th century. The National Heritage Area recognizes the area's cultural and historic qualities and serves to promote tourism, historic preservation and economic development in the region. The idea of the NCHA was first proposed in the early 1990s by Congressman Nick Rahall, and was established on November 12, 1996 by the 1996 Omnibus Parks and Public Lands Management Act. The", "id": "8963174" }, { "contents": "Muscle Shoals National Heritage Area\n\n\nMuscle Shoals National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the northwestern portion of the U.S. state of Alabama. It is centered on the portion of the Tennessee River around Muscle Shoals and interprets the region's history and culture. Muscle Shoals National Heritage Area comprises Lauderdale, Limestone, Colbert, Franklin, Lawrence and Morgan counties. Significant features of the heritage area include Wheeler Dam, Wilson Dam, Ivy Green, Rosenbaum House, Barton Hall and the northern end of the Natchez Trace. Muscle Shoals National Heritage Area was", "id": "16977602" }, { "contents": "Deer Creek (Mississippi)\n\n\nDeer Creek (also Issaquena Creek or Lower Deer Creek) is a creek in the U.S. state of Mississippi. Its source is Lake Bolivar, in Scott, Bolivar County, Mississippi. As Deer Creek flows south through the Mississippi Delta, it passes through the following counties: Bolivar, Washington, Sharkey, Issaquena, and Warren; and through the following communities: Metcalfe, Stoneville, Leland, Burdett, Arcola, Hollandale, Panther Burn, Nitta Yuma, Anguilla, Rolling Fork, Cary, Onward, and Valley Park.", "id": "1520113" }, { "contents": "Money, Mississippi\n\n\nMoney is an unincorporated Mississippi Delta community near Greenwood in Leflore County, Mississippi, United States. It has fewer than 100 residents, down from 400 in the early 1950s when a cotton mill operated there. Money is located on a railroad line along the Tallahatchie River, a tributary of the Yazoo River in the eastern part of the Mississippi Delta. The community has ZIP code 38945 in the Greenwood, Mississippi micropolitan area. Money is the site of the 1955 lynching of 14-year-old Emmett Till by white men, an event", "id": "15040548" }, { "contents": "Sharkey County, Mississippi\n\n\nSharkey County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. Part of the western border is formed by the Yazoo River. According to the 2010 census, the population was 4,916, making it the second-least populous county in Mississippi. Its county seat is Rolling Fork. The county is named after William L. Sharkey, the provisional Governor of Mississippi in 1865. Sharkey County is located in the Mississippi Delta region. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of , of which is land", "id": "10555635" }, { "contents": "Oil Region National Heritage Area\n\n\nOil Region National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the northwestern portion of the U.S. state of Pennsylvania. The national heritage area commemorates and promotes the region surrounding Edwin Drake's oil well of 1859 near Titusville, which gave rise to the modern oil industry. The national heritage area includes all of Venango County and a portion of Crawford County, including Titusville and Oil Creek Township The Oil Region National Heritage Area was established by Public Law 108-447 in 2004. It is administered by the Oil Region Alliance.", "id": "17389123" }, { "contents": "Delta National Forest\n\n\nDelta National Forest is a U.S. National Forest in western Mississippi, located in Sharkey County, and has an area of . Delta is operated as the Sunflower Wildlife Management Area. The forest is headquartered in Jackson, as are all six National Forests in Mississippi, but Delta Ranger District office is located in Rolling Fork. It is one of only six National Forests that are contained entirely within a single county and the only bottomland hardwood forest in the National Forest system. The Green Ash-Overcup Oak-Sweetgum Research Natural Areas within", "id": "3631940" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\ninfluences in the Mississippi River Delta. They continue to shape preferences of food, music, and art, as well as to maintain the unique identities existing in the southernmost parts of the region. Both cultures speak a form of French; but they are considered to be autonomous and distinct dialects. From 1910–1920, New Orleans became the birthplace of jazz and since has continued its legacy of being home to budding musicians and new musical experiences, tying music directly to its unique culture and diverse heritage. The origins of jazz and blues", "id": "16619580" }, { "contents": "Journey Through Hallowed Ground National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Journey Through Hallowed Ground National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in portions of Pennsylvania, West Virginia, Maryland and Virginia, in the eastern United States. The Journey Through Hallowed Ground National Heritage Area was established on May 8, 2008 by Public Law 110-229, the Consolidated Natural Resources Act of 2008.The designation provides a framework for the promotion and interpretation of the area's cultural and historic character, with particular emphasis on the region's role in the American Civil War, and the preservation of the natural", "id": "13516660" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta\n\n\nThe Mississippi Delta, also known as the Yazoo-Mississippi Delta, is the distinctive northwest section of the U.S. state of Mississippi (and portions of Arkansas and Louisiana) which lies between the Mississippi and Yazoo Rivers. The region has been called \"The Most Southern Place on Earth\" (\"Southern\" in the sense of \"characteristic of its region, the American South\"), because of its unique racial, cultural, and economic history. It is long and across at its widest point, encompassing about , or", "id": "15159888" }, { "contents": "Freedom's Way National Heritage Area\n\n\nFreedom's Way National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing portions of northern Massachusetts and southern New Hampshire. The heritage area includes sites significant to the American Revolution, cultural sites associated with Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau, and Native American sites. The heritage area seeks to preserve the region's landscape and historic structures. The National Heritage Area includes Minute Man National Historical Park, portions of Middlesex and Worcester counties in Massachusetts, and portions of Hillsborough County, New Hampshire, an area including a total of", "id": "14966358" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta\n\n\nside of the Mississippi River, another area of high poverty). The 1990s state legalization of casino gambling in Mississippi has boosted the Delta's economy, particularly in the areas of Tunica and Vicksburg. A large cultural influence in the region is its history of hunting and fishing. Hunting in the Delta is primarily for game such as whitetail deer, wild turkey, and waterfowl, along with many small game species (squirrel, rabbit, dove, quail, raccoon, etc.) For many years, the hunting and fishing", "id": "15159912" }, { "contents": "Baltimore National Heritage Area\n\n\nBaltimore National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing portions of Baltimore, Maryland, USA. The designated area includes the central portion of the city, waterfront, inner neighborhoods and portions of the city's park system. The district includes Fort McHenry and the Inner Harbor, as well as portions of the Charles Street, Falls Road, National Historic Seaport and Star Spangled Banner Maryland Scenic Byways. The Baltimore National Heritage Area was established on March 30, 2009 by the Omnibus Public Land Management Act of 2009 (§", "id": "8582841" }, { "contents": "B.B. King Museum\n\n\nThe B.B. King Museum and Delta Interpretive Center is a Delta blues museum with the mission to \"empower, unite and heal through music, art and education and share with the world the rich cultural heritage of the Mississippi Delta.\" The museum, named for blues legend, B.B. King, is located in his hometown of Indianola, Mississippi, in the United States. The B.B. King Museum and Delta Interpretive Center opened in Indianola Mississippi on September 13, 2008. The museum features a restored brick cotton gin building in which B.B.", "id": "17262603" }, { "contents": "Louise, Mississippi\n\n\nLouise is a town in Humphreys County, Mississippi. The population was 199 at the 2010 census, down from 315 at the 2000 census. Louise is located in southern Humphreys County at (32.981549, -90.591624), along Silver Creek in the Mississippi Delta region. Mississippi Highway 149 passes just east of the town, leading north to U.S. Route 49W at Silver City and south via Mississippi Highway 16 to Yazoo City. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town of Louise has a total area of , all land.", "id": "2222822" }, { "contents": "Arkansas Delta\n\n\nblues and gospel traditions. The East Central Delta area has produced a small number of talented and influential R&B artists. Arkansas's blues Influence, shares a rich heritage with Mississippi and Memphis, Tennessee. Arkansas was home to numerous blues masters, who are held in high esteem by newer generations learning blues history. Arkansas blues artists influenced decades of pop culture music by such artists as Muddy Waters, Little Milton, B.B. King, Eric Clapton, Jeff Beck, Joe Bonamassa, Stevie Ray Vaughan, George Harrison and the Rolling Stones", "id": "6558115" }, { "contents": "Cruger, Mississippi\n\n\nCruger is a town in Holmes County, Mississippi, United States. The population was 386 at the 2010 census, down from 449 at the 2000 census. Cruger is in the northwest corner of Holmes County, in the Mississippi Delta region along U.S. Route 49E. Greenwood is north of Cruger via US 49E, and Yazoo City is to the south. According to the United States Census Bureau, Cruger has a total area of , all land. As of the census of 2000, there were 449 people, 161 households, and", "id": "2222747" }, { "contents": "Carroll County, Mississippi\n\n\nCarroll County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 10,597. Its county seats are Carollton and Vaiden. The county is named for Charles Carroll of Carrollton, the last surviving signatory of the U.S. Declaration of Independence. Carroll County is part of the Greenwood, Micropolitan Statistical Area. Bordered by the Yazoo River on the west and the Big Black River to the east, it is considered within the Mississippi Delta region. Most of its land is in the hill country", "id": "10611479" }, { "contents": "Minter City, Mississippi\n\n\nMinter City is an unincorporated community located in Leflore County and in Tallahatchie County, Mississippi. It is part of the Greenwood, Mississippi micropolitan area, and is within the Mississippi Delta. Mississippi Highway 8 intersects U.S. Route 49E southwest of Minter City, and the Tallahatchie River flows to the east. There is a post office located on U.S. Route 49E, with a ZIP code of 38944. Variant names for the original settlement were \"Walnut Place Landing\" and \"Minter City Landing\". Spanish explorer Hernando de Soto may have", "id": "12467995" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta AVA\n\n\nThe Mississippi Delta AVA is an American Viticultural Area on the left (east) bank of the Mississippi River, between Memphis, Tennessee, and Vicksburg, Mississippi. It includes portions of the Mississippi Delta and the watershed of the lower Mississippi River in the U.S. states of Louisiana (west bank), Mississippi, and Tennessee. Since the creation of the AVA in 1984, there has been very little viticulture in the Mississippi Delta region. Mississippi State University established an enology laboratory to research grape cultivation in the area, but little", "id": "16585963" }, { "contents": "Greenwood, Mississippi\n\n\nGreenwood is a city in and the county seat of Leflore County, Mississippi, located at the eastern edge of the Mississippi Delta, approximately 96 miles north of the state capital, Jackson, Mississippi, and 130 miles south of the riverport of Memphis, Tennessee. It was a center of cotton planter culture in the 19th century. The population was 16,087 at the 2010 census. It is the principal city of the Greenwood Micropolitan Statistical Area. Greenwood developed at the confluence of the Tallahatchie and the Yalobusha rivers, which form the", "id": "3378194" }, { "contents": "Bolivar County, Mississippi\n\n\nBolivar County ( ) is a county located on the western border of the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 34,145. Its county seats are Rosedale and Cleveland. The county is named in honor of Simón Bolívar, early 19th-century leader of the liberation of several South American colonies from Spain. The Cleveland, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area includes all of Bolivar County. It is located in the Mississippi Delta, or Yazoo Basin, of Mississippi. This area was first developed for cotton plantations", "id": "10611493" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nmusic in the region is closely connected to the Mississippi River and the delta, as the location allowed for an influx of cultural influences, including blues and bluegrass music from upriver, to the African and Latin folk hymns and music from the Caribbean islands. The delta is still synonymous with the sounds of jazz, funk and zydeco and remains to be an important cultural hub for new sounds and music, bringing thousands to the area every year to experience the lifestyle and participate in the natural rhythms of the area. The region is", "id": "16619581" }, { "contents": "Essex National Heritage Commission\n\n\nThe Essex National Heritage Commission (ENHC) is a non-profit organization charted to oversee the Essex National Heritage Area, a National Heritage Area composed of all of Essex County, Massachusetts. The commission promotes the cultural heritage with public and private partnerships and with the National Park Service by developing programs that enhance, preserve and encourage regional awareness of the area's unique historic, cultural and natural resources. The commission is based in Salem. The organization has sponsored a number of events and programs that celebrate the region’s history,", "id": "16440799" }, { "contents": "Blue Ridge National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Blue Ridge National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing the twenty-five westernmost counties of North Carolina, which are associated with the Blue Ridge Mountains. The designation provides a framework for the promotion and interpretation of the area's cultural and historic character, and the preservation of the natural and built environment. The National Heritage Area includes the North Carolina portions of Great Smoky Mountains National Park and the Blue Ridge Parkway. Other attractions include Mount Mitchell in Pisgah National Forest, Nantahala National Forest and the North Carolina", "id": "9719864" }, { "contents": "Poverty Point\n\n\nPoverty Point State Historic Site (; 16 WC 5) is a prehistoric earthwork constructed by the Poverty Point culture. The Poverty Point site is located in present-day northeastern Louisiana though evidence of the Poverty Point culture extends throughout much of the Southeastern United States. The culture extended across the Mississippi Delta and south to the Gulf Coast. The Poverty Point site has been designated as a U.S. National Monument, a U.S. National Historic Landmark, and UNESCO World Heritage Site. Located in the Southern United States, the site is from the", "id": "10100047" }, { "contents": "Geography of Arkansas\n\n\nState Park, Delta Heritage Trail State Park, Felsenthal National Wildlife Refuge, Lake Chicot State Park, Mississippi River State Park, Overflow National Wildlife Refuge and White River National Wildlife Refuge. The flat topography and fertile soils of Southeast Arkansas have been important to the region throughout its history, first to the Native American that inhabited the region. This history is available today at museums like the Pine Bluff/Jefferson County Historical Museum. The area was one of the first explored and settled in Arkansas; including the territorial capital at Arkansas", "id": "17334085" }, { "contents": "Tchula, Mississippi\n\n\nhad vanished, partly due to increased use of machines in agriculture. Many businesses formerly in the town had disappeared. Tchula is in western Holmes County along Tchula Lake, an old river channel in the Mississippi Delta region of the state. U.S. Route 49E passes through the center of town, leading north to Greenwood and southwest to Yazoo. Mississippi Highway 12 leads southeast from Tchula to Lexington, the Holmes County seat. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of , of which , or 2.31", "id": "2222794" }, { "contents": "Freedom's Frontier National Heritage Area\n\n\nFreedom's Frontier National Heritage Area, Inc. (FFNHA) is a federally designated U.S. National Heritage Area located in eastern Kansas and Western Missouri. This heritage area preserves, conserves, and interprets historic and cultural landscapes pertaining to: the shaping of the frontier, the Missouri-Kansas Border War, and the enduring struggle for freedom. FFNHA was authorized on October 12, 2006, with the passage of the National Heritage Areas Act of 2006. The management plan for the heritage area was approved by the Board of Trustees on June", "id": "353294" }, { "contents": "Sunflower County, Mississippi\n\n\nSunflower County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 29,450. Its largest city and county seat is Indianola. Sunflower County comprises the Indianola, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is included in the Cleveland-Indianola, MS Combined Statistical Area. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region. Sunflower Country was created in 1844. The land mass encompassed most of Sunflower and Leflore Counties as we know them today. The first seat of government was Clayton, located near", "id": "10555603" }, { "contents": "Atchafalaya National Heritage Area\n\n\nAtchafalaya National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing parts of fourteen parishes along the Atchafalaya River in the U.S. State of Louisiana. The heritage area extends the length of the Atchafalaya Basin from the area of Ferriday in the north to the river's mouth beyond Morgan City. The National Heritage Area is divided into four regions: Upper, Between 2 Rivers, Bayou Teche Corridor and the Coastal Zone. The designation provides a framework for the promotion and interpretation of the area's cultural and historic character, and the preservation", "id": "9171577" }, { "contents": "Niagara Falls National Heritage Area\n\n\nNiagara Falls National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing the Niagara Falls region of the U.S. State of New York. The heritage area includes the communities of Niagara Falls, Youngstown and Lewiston. The designation provides a framework for the promotion and interpretation of the area's cultural and historic character, and the preservation of the natural and built environment. The heritage area designation recognizes the area's importance to Native Americans, to early European explorers of America, the American Revolution, the War of 1812 and the area's", "id": "9115304" }, { "contents": "Warren County, Mississippi\n\n\nWarren County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 48,773. Its county seat is Vicksburg. Created by legislative act of 22 December 1809, Warren County is named for American Revolutionary War officer Joseph Warren. Part of the Mississippi Delta and the historic cotton culture, Warren County is included in the Vicksburg, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Jackson-Vicksburg-Brookhaven, MS Combined Statistical Area. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the", "id": "10555530" }, { "contents": "Greenwood, Mississippi micropolitan area\n\n\nThe Greenwood Micropolitan Statistical Area is a micropolitan area in the northwestern Delta region of Mississippi that covers two counties - Leflore and Carroll. As of the 2000 census, the μSA had a population of 48,716 (though a July 1, 2009 estimate placed the population at 44,841). As of the census of 2000, there were 48,716 people, 17,027 households, and 11,956 families residing within the μSA. The racial makeup of the μSA was 37.22% White, 60.85% African American, 0.10% Native American, 0.54% Asian", "id": "8919330" }, { "contents": "James Thomas (blues musician)\n\n\n\". In 1985, his work was featured in the prestigious Corcoran Gallery in Washington, D.C., where he was introduced to Nancy Reagan, then the First Lady. Thomas's skulls are on display in the Delta Blues Museum, in Clarksdale, Mississippi, and the Highway 61 Blues Museum, in Leland, Mississippi. Thomas played at numerous blues festivals and private parties throughout the area, including the Mississippi Delta Blues and Heritage Festival in Greenville. In the 1970s, Eddie Cusic performed with Thomas at regular engagements. Together they", "id": "17330513" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nand is an important coastal region for the United States, containing more than of coastal wetlands and 37% of the estuarine marsh in the conterminous U.S. The coastal area is the nation's largest drainage basin and drains about 41% of the contiguous United States into the Gulf of Mexico at an average rate of . The modern Mississippi River Delta formed over the last approximately 4,500 years as the Mississippi River deposited sand, clay and silt along its banks and in adjacent basins. The Mississippi River Delta is a river-dominated delta system", "id": "16619564" }, { "contents": "Arabia Mountain National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Arabia Mountain National Heritage Area is a National Heritage Area in the U.S. state of Georgia that encompasses natural, cultural, and historical elements to form a cohesive, nationally significant environment. The area is due east of Atlanta and spans reaching from the historic commercial center of Lithonia to the Monastery of the Holy Spirit in Conyers, including a number of sites in between, including Panola Mountain State Park, Davidson-Arabia Mountain Nature Preserve, the Mall at Stonecrest, and more. The Heritage Area was established in 2006, and", "id": "352970" }, { "contents": "Sangre de Cristo National Heritage Area\n\n\nSangre de Cristo National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the south central portion of the U.S. state of Colorado. The heritage area includes the San Luis Valley and portions of the Sangre de Cristo Range. The region combines influences of Anglo-American, Hispano-American and Native American influences. It also includes portions of the upper Rio Grande valley. The national heritage area includes Alamosa, Costilla, and Conejos counties, and portions of Saguache and Rio Grande counties. It also includes within its boundaries Great Sand", "id": "17389640" }, { "contents": "Delta State–Mississippi College football rivalry\n\n\nThe Delta State–Mississippi College football rivalry, commonly known as the Heritage Bell Classic, is a college football rivalry game between a public university and a private Christian college in the U.S. state of Mississippi, the Delta State University Statesmen and the Mississippi College Choctaws. The current winner is Delta State, who won, 28–21, on November 10, 2018. Delta State leads the all-time series, 22–15–2. The Delta State Statesmen were co-founding members of the Gulf South Conference in 1970. Mississippi College joined the", "id": "15797675" }, { "contents": "Delta blues\n\n\nDelta blues is one of the earliest-known styles of blues music. It originated in the Mississippi Delta, a region of the U.S. stretching from Memphis, Tennessee, in the north to Vicksburg, Mississippi, in the south and from Helena, Arkansas, in the west to the Yazoo River in the east. The Mississippi Delta is famous for its fertile soil and for its poverty. Delta blues is regarded as a regional variant of country blues. Guitar and harmonica are its dominant instruments; slide guitar is a hallmark of", "id": "7794018" }, { "contents": "Arkansas Delta\n\n\na decline. Charles Bowden of \"National Geographic\" wrote, \"By 1970 the sharecropping world was already disappearing, and the landscape of today—huge fields, giant machines, battered towns, few people—beginning to emerge.\" The Arkansas Delta is known for its rich musical heritage. While defined primarily by its deep blues/gospel roots, it is distinguished somewhat from its Mississippi Delta counterpart by more intricately interwoven country music and R&B elements. Arkansas blues musicians have defined every genre of blues from its inception, including", "id": "6558110" }, { "contents": "Greenwood High School (Mississippi)\n\n\nGreenwood High School is a public high school located in Greenwood, Leflore County, in the U.S. state of Mississippi. The school is part of the Greenwood Public School District. Greenwood, Mississippi, is a town of slightly over 15,000 residents located on the banks of the Yazoo River about south of Memphis, Tennessee, and about north of Jackson, Mississippi. The city and county are named after Greenwood Leflore, the designated leader of the Choctaw nation who ceded Mississippi land under pressure of the 1830 Indian Removal Act to the United", "id": "4541464" }, { "contents": "Upper Housatonic Valley National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Upper Housatonic Valley National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the U.S. states of Connecticut and Massachusetts. The heritage area interprets and promotes the historical, cultural and scenic features of the upper Housatonic River valley in the western part of both states. The heritage area focuses on five themes: the area's role as a resort for writers, artists, actors and musicians, the scenic landscape, the area's role in industry, the American Revolutionary War, and the social and religious groups associated with the area", "id": "17597179" }, { "contents": "National Heritage Area\n\n\nA National Heritage Area is a site designated by United States and intended to encourage historic preservation of the area and an appreciation of the history and heritage of the site. There are currently 55 National Heritage Areas, some of which use variations of the title, such as National Heritage Corridor. National Heritage Areas (NHAs) are not National Park Service units or federally owned or managed land. NHAs are administered by state governments or non-profit organizations or other private corporations, referred to as \"local coordinating entities\". The", "id": "2301876" }, { "contents": "Lackawanna Heritage Valley National and State Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Lackawanna Heritage Valley National and State Heritage Area is a state and federally designated National Heritage Area in northeastern Pennsylvania. It was initially established in 1991 as the first State Heritage Park in Pennsylvania, and was additionally designated a National Heritage Area in 2000. The designations recognize the area's heritage of industry, architecture, history and natural resources, and provide a framework for development and promotion of these features. The Lackawanna Heritage Valley National and State Heritage Area is managed by the Lackawanna Heritage Valley Authority, or LHVA. The National", "id": "16220344" }, { "contents": "Kenai Mountains – Turnagain Arm National Heritage Area\n\n\nKenai Mountains – Turnagain Arm National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the U.S. state of Alaska. The heritage area extends across the northern part of the Kenai Peninsula, immediately to the north and east of Kenai Fjords National Park. The designation recognizes the area's unique cultural, scenic and historical features and provides a unified organization for promotion of the area's attractions. The Kenai Mountains – Turnagain Arm National Heritage Area (KMTA) includes the road corridor between Seward and Hope and Whittier, from Resurrection Bay in", "id": "16167272" }, { "contents": "Mayersville, Mississippi\n\n\nMayersville is a town on the east bank of the Mississippi River, and the county seat for Issaquena County, Mississippi, United States. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region, known for cotton cultivation in the antebellum era. Once the trading center for the county, the town was superseded when railroads were built into the area. The population of the majority-black town was 547 at the 2010 census, down from 795 at the 2000 census. Native Americans had lived in this area since prehistoric times. The Mayersville", "id": "2222833" }, { "contents": "Crenshaw, Mississippi\n\n\nCrenshaw is a town in Panola and Quitman counties in the U.S. state of Mississippi. The population was 916 at the 2000 census. Crenshaw is located at (34.502661, -90.195841). Most of the town is in Panola County with a small portion on the west side in Quitman County. In the 2000 census, 697 of the town's 916 residents (76.1%) lived in Panola County and 219 (23.9%) in Quitman County. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of", "id": "17931693" }, { "contents": "Panola County, Mississippi\n\n\nPanola County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 34,707. Its county seats are Sardis and Batesville. Panola is the anglicization of \"ponolo\", a word meaning thread in both old Choctaw and Chickasaw and cotton in modern Choctaw. The county is located just east of the Mississippi Delta and bisected by the Tallahatchie River flowing to the southwest, separating the two county seats. Panola County was established February 9, 1836, and is one of the twelve large", "id": "10555705" }, { "contents": "MotorCities National Heritage Area\n\n\nMotorCities National Heritage Area or Motor Cities National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area that commemorates and promotes the automobile industry in Metro Detroit, with portions of 16 counties in southern Michigan, United States. The scope of the heritage area includes sites and events relating to the motor industry as well as the industry's impact on labor, society and the environment. The heritage area comprises more than 1200 automotive-related sites, including the Henry Ford Museum, Fair Lane, various Ford plants, the Automotive Hall of Fame", "id": "16976479" }, { "contents": "Great Basin National Heritage Area\n\n\nGreat Basin National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in Nevada and Utah, including White Pine County, Nevada and Millard County, Utah. The area was designated to recognize and promote the scenic and cultural resources associated with this central portion of the Great Basin. The National Heritage Area includes Great Basin National Park and portions of Humboldt-Toiyabe and Fishlake National Forests, as well as Fort Deseret, Sevier Lake and the Topaz War Relocation Center. Great Basin National Heritage Area was designated on October 13, 2006.", "id": "15909144" }, { "contents": "Crowder, Mississippi\n\n\nCrowder is a town in Panola and Quitman counties in the state of Mississippi. The population was 766 at the 2000 census. Most of Crowder is in Quitman County with a portion on the east in adjacent Panola County. In the 2000 census, 462 of the town's 766 residents (60.3%) lived in Quitman County and 304 (39.7%) in Panola County. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 0.4 square miles (1.2 km², all land. As of the", "id": "17931698" }, { "contents": "Rivers of Steel National Heritage Area\n\n\nRivers of Steel National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in southwestern Pennsylvania, centered on Pittsburgh and oriented around the interpretation and promotion of the region's steel-making heritage. The area roughly covers the valleys of the Ohio, Monongahela and lower Allegheny rivers. Major interpretive locations include the Carrie Furnace, Pinkerton's Landing Bridge and other features of the Homestead Steel Works. The national heritage area comprises Allegheny, Armstrong, Beaver, Butler, Greene, Fayette, Washington and Westmoreland counties. Rivers of Steel National Heritage", "id": "17389345" }, { "contents": "Crowley's Ridge Parkway\n\n\nroute which allowed the traveler to experience the Southern heritage of the area. The National Scenic Byway designation came the following year, with an extension into Missouri in 2000. The majority of the route is in Arkansas, and the parkway begins in Phillips County, Arkansas, in Helena-West Helena very near the Helena Bridge over the Mississippi River. Beginning at US Route 49 (US 49) and running north with US 49 Business (US 49B), the route passes historic properties including the Delta Cultural Center, the Jerome", "id": "1149985" }, { "contents": "Issaquena County, Mississippi\n\n\nIssaquena County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 1,406, making it the least populous county in the United States east of the Mississippi River. Its county seat is Mayersville. With a per-capita income of $18,598, Issaquena County is the poorest county in the United States. Issaquena County is located in the Mississippi Delta region. The Mississippi River flows along the entire western boundary of the county, and many of the earliest communities were river ports.", "id": "10611264" }, { "contents": "Delta Regional Authority\n\n\n, Mississippi; Tunica County, Mississippi; Union County, Mississippi; Walthall County, Mississippi; Warren County, Mississippi; Washington County, Mississippi; Wilkinson County, Mississippi; Yalobusha County, Mississippi; Yazoo County, Mississippi Missouri Bollinger County, Missouri; Butler County, Missouri; Cape Girardeau County, Missouri; Carter County, Missouri; Crawford County, Missouri; Dent County, Missouri; Douglas County, Missouri; Dunklin County, Missouri; Howell County, Missouri; Iron County, Missouri; Madison County, Missouri; Mississippi", "id": "11170385" }, { "contents": "Tunica County, Mississippi\n\n\nTunica County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 10,778. Its county seat is Tunica. The county is named for the Tunica Native Americans. Most migrated to central Louisiana during the colonial period. Tunica County is part of the Memphis, TN-MS-AR Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region. Since the late 20th century, it is known for Tunica Resorts (formerly Robinsonville), an unincorporated community that is the site", "id": "10555567" }, { "contents": "Emmett Till\n\n\nin the Mississippi Delta are memorialized as associated with Till. Emmett Till was born in 1941 in Chicago; he was the son of Mamie Carthan (1921–2003) and Louis Till (1922–1945). Emmett's mother Mamie was born in the small Delta town of Webb, Mississippi. The Delta region encompasses the large, multi-county area of northwestern Mississippi in the watershed of the Yazoo and Mississippi rivers. When Carthan was two years old, her family moved to Argo, Illinois, as part of the Great Migration of rural", "id": "2570054" }, { "contents": "History of New Orleans\n\n\nUnion during the Civil War. With its rich and unique cultural and architectural heritage, it remains a major destination for tourism, conventions, and major sports events, even after the major destruction and loss of life resulting from Hurricane Katrina in 2005. The land mass that was to become the city of New Orleans was formed around 2200 BC when the Mississippi River deposited silt creating the delta region. Before Europeans founded the settlement, the area was inhabited by Native Americans for about 1300 years. The Mississippian culture peoples built mounds and", "id": "3084005" }, { "contents": "B.B. King Museum\n\n\nKing worked in the 1940s. The museum also contains an extensive collection of artifacts owned by King and displays exhibits about his life and the lives of other musicians of the delta region and the culture where the blues arose. The museum commemorates the famous blues artist, B.B King, who was from the Mississippi Delta. The museum has multiple exhibits highlighting King's Delta Blue music. Exhibits include interactive exhibits, King memorabilia, and stories. The museum seeks to help preserve Delta Blues and its culture by promoting its importance. In", "id": "17262604" }, { "contents": "Missouri Bootheel\n\n\nwrites: Given the population in the area, even a moderately sized earthquake would be disastrous. The Bootheel (pronounced Boothill in the region) is on the edge of the Mississippi Delta culture that produced the Delta blues. Its relatively large black population makes it distinct from the rest of rural Missouri. The area has a unique rural black culture reflected in its music, churches and other traditions. The black population ranges from about 26% in Pemiscot County, to 15% in New Madrid County, and about 9% in", "id": "12618286" }, { "contents": "Moorhead, Mississippi\n\n\nMoorhead is a city in Sunflower County, Mississippi. As of the 2000 census, the city population was 2,573. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of , of which is land and 0.77% is water. Moorhead is along U.S. Route 82, east of Indianola. Moorhead is located at the intersection of the Southern and Yazoo Delta railroads. This is the origin of the legendary blues crossroads phrase \"where the Southern cross the Dog\". As of the 2010 United States Census,", "id": "2223816" }, { "contents": "Blanche Bruce\n\n\nsteamboat porter on the Mississippi River. In 1864, he moved to Hannibal, Missouri, where he established a school for black children. In 1868, during Reconstruction, Bruce relocated to Bolivar near Cleveland in northwestern Mississippi, at which he purchased a Mississippi Delta plantation. He became a wealthy landowner of several thousand acres in the Mississippi Delta. He was appointed to the positions of Tallahatchie County registrar of voters and tax assessor before he won an election for sheriff in Bolivar County. He later was elected to other county positions,", "id": "13640962" }, { "contents": "Delta, Mississippi\n\n\nDelta is a ghost town in Coahoma County, Mississippi, United States. Once a thriving port on the Mississippi River, Delta today is covered by farmland and a portion of the Mississippi Levee. Nothing remains of the original settlement. The county seat was moved from Port Royal to Delta in 1842. In 1844, Delta was surveyed and laid off into lots. The town had a population of about 700, and was a busy steamboat port. Delta incorporated in 1848. That same year, the river flooded the town,", "id": "8584565" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nbenefits that are unique to the region. These vital resources are at constant risk of being lost with the continual land loss and the decreasing size of the natural coastal area. The Mississippi River Delta has a strong economy which relies heavily on tourism and recreational activities such as fishing, hunting and wildlife watching as well as commercial fishing, oil, gas, and shipping industries. There are a number of major industries in the Mississippi River Delta that drive the local and national economy, including: In total, the five Gulf Coast", "id": "16619584" }, { "contents": "Holmes County, Mississippi\n\n\nHolmes County is a county in the U.S. state of Mississippi; its western border is formed by the Yazoo River and the eastern border by the Big Black River. The western part of the county is within the Yazoo-Mississippi Delta. As of the 2010 census, the population was 19,198. Its county seat is Lexington. The county is named in honor of David Holmes, territorial governor and the first governor of the state of Mississippi and later United States Senator for Mississippi. A favorite son, Edmond Favor Noel, was", "id": "10611282" }, { "contents": "Greenville, Mississippi\n\n\nGreenville is a city in, and the county seat of, Washington County, Mississippi, United States. The population was 34,400 at the 2010 census. It is located in the area of historic cotton plantations and culture known as the Mississippi Delta. This area was occupied by indigenous peoples for thousands of years. When the French explored here, they encountered the historic Natchez people. As part of their colony known as \"La Louisiane\", the French established a settlement at what became Natchez, Mississippi. Other Native American tribes", "id": "2224007" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nartery. In addition to shipping, local and commercial fisheries continued to expand. The discovery of vast oil and gas deposits brought further economic and environmental changes to the delta. Despite these profound changes, the delta today remains very much rooted in the vibrant cultural and social traditions of its residents. The Mississippi River Delta is home to more than two million people. The location of the delta at the mouth of the Mississippi River allowed for the area to be a cultural gateway into the United States, and influenced the mix of", "id": "16619576" }, { "contents": "Essex Heritage\n\n\nEssex Heritage is a non-profit organization charted to promote the cultural heritage of Essex County in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. Working with both public and private partnerships and with the National Park Service, the group supports and develops programs that enhance, preserve and encourage regional awareness of the area’s unique historic, cultural and natural resources. Headquartered in Salem, Massachusetts, the Commission services the 34 communities of Essex County. It has been recognized by the United States Congress in recognition of the important role that this region played in American", "id": "16609234" }, { "contents": "Washington County, Mississippi\n\n\nWashington County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 51,137. Its county seat is Greenville. The county is named in honor of the first President of the United States, George Washington. The Greenville, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area includes all of Washington County. It is located in the Mississippi Delta. Located in the Mississippi Delta, Washington County was first developed for cotton cultivation in the antebellum years. Most plantations were developed to have access to the rivers, which", "id": "10555522" }, { "contents": "Mississippi\n\n\nIsland. The northwest remainder of the state consists of the Mississippi Delta, a section of the Mississippi Alluvial Plain. The plain is narrow in the south and widens north of Vicksburg. The region has rich soil, partly made up of silt which had been regularly deposited by the flood waters of the Mississippi River. Areas under the management of the National Park Service include: Mississippi City Population Rankings of at least 50,000 (United States Census Bureau as of 2017): Mississippi City Population Rankings of at least 20,000 but fewer than", "id": "21293458" }, { "contents": "Belzoni, Mississippi\n\n\nBelzoni ( ) is a city in Humphreys County, Mississippi, in the Mississippi Delta region, on the Yazoo River. The population was 2,235 at the 2010 census. It is the county seat of Humphreys County. It was named for the 19th-century Italian archaeologist/explorer Giovanni Battista Belzoni. The area was named Farm-Raised Catfish Capital of the World in 1976 by then Governor Cliff Finch, since it produces more farm-raised catfish than any other U.S. county. About of the county are under water in ponds", "id": "2222804" }, { "contents": "2011 Mississippi River floods\n\n\nfrom Vicksburg was cut off for more than two weeks. U.S. Highway 61 between Vicksburg and Port Gibson was closed by backwater flooding along the Big Black River on May 12; it reopened June 1. Another portion of U.S. Highway 61 near Redwood was closed by backwater flooding along the Yazoo River on May 13 and was closed until June 3. In anticipation of major flooding, the U.S. federal government declared 14 counties along the Mississippi River, the Thames River: Adams, Bolivar, Claiborne, Coahoma, DeSoto, Humphreys, Issaquena", "id": "8214155" }, { "contents": "Memphis, Tennessee\n\n\nother places in the world could offer cheaper labor, and the workforce was undereducated for today's challenges. The Memphis Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA), the 42nd largest in the United States, has a 2010 population of 1,316,100 and includes the Tennessee counties of Shelby, Tipton and Fayette; as well as the northern Mississippi counties of DeSoto, Marshall, Tate, and Tunica; and Crittenden County, Arkansas, all part of the Mississippi Delta. The total metropolitan area has a higher proportion of whites and a higher per capita", "id": "4225772" }, { "contents": "Northern Plains National Heritage Area\n\n\nNorthern Plains National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area along an length of the Missouri River in central North Dakota. The heritage area promotes and interprets the scenic, cultural and historic heritage of the region. It extends from Knife River Indian Villages National Historic Site to Huff Indian Village State Historic Site The area interprets the history of the Three Affiliated Tribes, the passage of the Lewis and Clark Expedition, the fur trade, steamboats on the Missouri and Fort Abraham Lincoln. It also interprets the area's association with the", "id": "17044952" }, { "contents": "Tornado outbreak of April 22–25, 2010\n\n\ncrossed the Mississippi River shortly thereafter, and damaged or destroyed numerous homes on the north side of Eagle Lake. The tornado then moved across the Delta National Forest in Issaquena and Sharkey Counties, causing major tree damage. The tornado again caused significant home damage northwest of Satartia, and again as it crossed Highway 3 near the Crupp community. The tornado then moved through rural areas southwest of Yazoo City, causing major damage or total destruction of a number of homes, as well as intense tree damage. As the tornado approached the", "id": "5566995" }, { "contents": "Segregation academy\n\n\npercent of Virginia's non-Hispanic white students attended these isolated schools., In Mississippi, many of the segregation academies were first established in the black-majority Mississippi Delta region in northwestern Mississippi. The Delta has historically had a very large majority-black population, related to the history of the use of slave labor on cotton plantations. The potential for integration resulted in white parents' establishing segregation academies in every county in the Delta. Many academies are still operating, from Indianola, Mississippi to Humphreys County. These schools", "id": "16560206" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nnationalities which settled in the area over time, forming the diversity of the region. Louisiana's first 18th century colonists were French, but they were soon joined by Spanish and Acadian settlers. The region has been home to other European-immigrant ethnic groups, beginning in the 19th century, including German, Sicilian, and Irish. There are also the Africans, West Indians, and Native Americans in the mix. The combination of these groups over time has created the special culture found in the Mississippi River Delta. Two unique", "id": "16619577" }, { "contents": "Champlain Valley National Heritage Area\n\n\nClinton, Essex, Warren, Saratoga and Washington counties in New York, and Bennington, Rutland, Addison, Chittenden, Franklin and Grand Isle counties in Vermont. Attractions located within the National Heritage Area include Fort Ticonderoga, the Lake Champlain Maritime Museum, Saratoga National Historical Park, portions of Adirondack Park and Green Mountain National Forest, Missisquoi National Wildlife Refuge and the Lake Champlain Underwater Historic Preserves. The Champlain Valley National Heritage Area was established by the Champlain Valley National Heritage Act of 2005. It is administered by the Champlain Valley", "id": "9913189" }, { "contents": "Atchafalaya National Heritage Area\n\n\nof the natural and built environment. The heritage area designation recognizes the area's unique environment and culture, and its contributions to music, English and French language, literature, and cuisine. Major locales included in the Heritage Area include Avery Island, New Iberia, Morgan City, Lafayette, Opelousas, Baton Rouge, Plaquemine and Houma. Jean Lafitte National Historical Park, Longfellow-Evangeline State Historic Site and Plaquemine Lock State Historic Site are included in the heritage area, as well as the Louisiana State Museum branches in Baton Rouge", "id": "9171578" }, { "contents": "Bryant Clark\n\n\nBryant W. Clark (born October 31, 1974) is an American politician from the state of Mississippi. A member of the Democratic Party, Clark is a member of the Mississippi House of Representatives, and represents the 47th district. He has served in the Mississippi House since 2004. The district includes parts of Attala, Holmes and Yazoo counties, which is located in central Mississippi. The district comprises both the Hills and Mississippi Delta regions of the state. Clark is a lifelong resident of Ebenezer, located in southern Holmes County", "id": "18412525" }, { "contents": "Louisiana African American Heritage Trail\n\n\nLouisiana African American Heritage Trail () is a cultural heritage trail with 26 sites designated in 2008 by the state of Louisiana, from New Orleans along the Mississippi River to Baton Rouge and Shreveport, with sites in small towns and plantations also included. In New Orleans several sites are within a walking area. Auto travel is required to reach sites outside the city. A variety of African-American museums devoted to art, history and culture are on the \"trail\", as is the Cane River Creole National Historical Park,", "id": "6088712" }, { "contents": "Delta Blues Museum\n\n\nThe Delta Blues Museum in Clarksdale, Mississippi, United States exists to collect, preserve, and provide public access to and awareness of the blues. Along with holdings of significant blues-related memorabilia, the museum also exhibits and collects art portraying the blues tradition, including works by sculptor Floyd Shaman and photographer Birney Imes. The museum is located in the Yazoo and Mississippi Valley Passenger Depot, also known as Illinois Central Passenger Depot or Clarksdale Passenger Depot, which was built in 1926 and listed on the National Register of Historic Places", "id": "19201111" }, { "contents": "Clarksdale, Mississippi\n\n\nClarksdale is a city in Coahoma County, Mississippi, United States, and seat of the county. The western boundary of the county is formed by the Mississippi River. Located in the Mississippi Delta region, Clarksdale is an agricultural and trading center. It has been home to many blues musicians. Clarksdale is named after John Clark, who founded the city in the mid-19th century. Choctaw and Chickasaw Indians occupied the Delta region prior to the arrival of European settlers. Clarksdale was developed at the former intersection of two Indian routes:", "id": "2119137" }, { "contents": "Education segregation in the Mississippi Delta\n\n\nThe Mississippi Delta region has had the most segregated schools -- and for the longest time—of any part of the United States. As recently as the 2016–2017 school year, East Side High School in Cleveland, Mississippi, was practically all black: 359 of 360 students were African-American. The Delta region of Mississippi is nineteen counties in the northwest of the state, bounded on the west by the Mississippi River and the south by the Yazoo River. It is a poor region of the country's poorest state. In", "id": "13439199" } ]

[ { "contents": "Mississippi Delta National Heritage Area\n\n\nMississippi Delta National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area that seeks to preserve and promote the landscape, culture and history of the Mississippi Delta in the northwestern portion of the U.S. state of Mississippi. The region is famous for blues music and a unique culture that has had broad influence on music and literature, both in the United States and worldwide. The national heritage area comprises Bolivar, Carroll, Coahoma, Desoto, Holmes, Humphreys, Issaquena, Leflore, Panola, Quitman, Sharkey, Tallahatchie, Tate, Tunica", "id": "16296069" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta\n\n\nyears. The land is flat and contains some of the most fertile soil in the world. It is two hundred miles long and seventy miles across at its widest point, encompassing approximately 4,415,000 acres, or, some 7,000 square miles of alluvial floodplain. On the east, it is bounded by bluffs extending beyond the Yazoo River. It includes all or part of the following counties: Washington, Western DeSoto, Humphreys, Carroll, Issaquena, Western Panola, Quitman, Bolivar, Coahoma, Leflore, Sunflower, Sharkey, Tate", "id": "15159893" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta Community College\n\n\nof Mississippi in April 1928. The name was changed to Mississippi Delta Junior College in 1960 and to Mississippi Delta Community College in 1989. The official service area of the college includes Bolivar, Humphreys, Issaquena, Leflore, Sharkey, Sunflower, and Washington counties. Coahoma County was originally in the college's service area, but the Mississippi Legislature removed it effective July 1, 1995, and it is now served by the Coahoma Community College. The main campus is located in Moorhead, Mississippi. Stauffer-Wood Administration Building houses", "id": "21307039" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Gulf Coast National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Mississippi Gulf Coast National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area along the Gulf coast of Mississippi. The designated area comprises six counties recognized for their unique cultural and scenic qualities. The National Heritage Area designation provides a unified marketing and promotional framework for the region. The National Heritage Area comprises Pearl River, Stone, George, Hancock, Harrison and Jackson counties. It includes the Mississippi portion of Gulf Islands National Seashore. The area was devastated by Hurricane Katrina in 2005. Much of the national heritage area's efforts", "id": "16361240" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Hills National Heritage Area\n\n\nMississippi Hills National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the northeastern portion of the U.S. state of Mississippi. The designation commemorates the region's impact on American culture and its role in the American Civil War and the American civil rights movement. The national heritage area designation provides a unified marketing and promotion framework for the area. The national heritage area covers all of Marshall, Benton, Tippah, Alcorn, Tishomingo, Lafayette, Union, Pontotoc, Lee, Itawamba, Calhoun, Chickasaw and Monroe counties, and those", "id": "17388610" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River floods of 2019\n\n\nwith some inundated by 15 feet of water. The Yazoo Backwater Area in the Mississippi Delta north of Vicksburg, Mississippi, experienced both record flood stages and record duration of flooding during the winter, spring, and summer of 2019. Portions of Warren, Issaquena, Sharkey, Yazoo, Humphreys, and Washington Counties were flooded. Almost half of the land area of Issaquena and Sharkey Counties experienced flooding. In late May, flood waters covered over 860 square miles (550,000 acres or 220,000 hectares), including about 390 square miles", "id": "13577492" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta\n\n\n, Tunica, Tallahatchie, Western Holmes, Western Yazoo, Western Grenada and Warren. Lexington is also part of the delta. The shifting river delta at the mouth of the Mississippi on the Gulf Coast lies some 300 miles south of this area, and is referred to as the Mississippi River Delta. The two should not be confused. Chinese began settling in Bolivar County and other Delta counties as plantation workers in the 1870s, though most Delta Chinese families migrated to the state between the 1900s and 1930s. Most Chinese immigrants worked", "id": "15159894" }, { "contents": "George W. Gayles\n\n\n1882, and then again in 1884 and 1886. In the House, he represented the 28th district, which included Bolivar, Coahoma, and Quitman County.In the Senate, he represented the ninth district, including Bolivar, Calhoun, and Sunflower counties. He was also chairman of the Third district Republican Convention in 1886 in Mississippi consisting of Bolivar, Coahoma, Issaquena, Leflore, Sunflower, Sharkey, Tunica, Quitman, Washington, and Warren counties. He was the only black state senator in Mississippi during his terms and", "id": "20783617" }, { "contents": "Coahoma County, Mississippi\n\n\nCoahoma County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 26,151. Its county seat is Clarksdale. The Clarksdale, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area includes all of Coahoma County. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region of Mississippi. Coahoma County was established February 9, 1836, and is located in the northwestern part of the state in the fertile Yazoo Delta region. The name \"Coahoma\" is a Choctaw word meaning \"red panther.\" The act creating the county", "id": "10611425" }, { "contents": "Delta Regional Authority\n\n\nMississippi; Jefferson Davis County, Mississippi; Lawrence County, Mississippi; Leflore County, Mississippi; Lafayette County, Mississippi; Madison County, Mississippi; Marion County, Mississippi; Lincoln County, Mississippi; Montgomery County, Mississippi; Panola County, Mississippi; Marshall County, Mississippi; Quitman County, Mississippi; Rankin County, Mississippi; Pike County, Mississippi; Smith County, Mississippi; Sunflower County, Mississippi; Sharkey County, Mississippi; Simpson County, Mississippi; Tippah County, Mississippi; Tallahatchie County, Mississippi; Tate County", "id": "11170384" }, { "contents": "Delta Regional Authority\n\n\nLouisiana; Winn Parish, Louisiana Mississippi Adams County, Mississippi; Amite County, Mississippi; Attala County, Mississippi; Benton County, Mississippi; Bolivar County, Mississippi; Carroll County, Mississippi; Claiborne County, Mississippi; Coahoma County, Mississippi; Copiah County, Mississippi; Covington County, Mississippi; DeSoto County, Mississippi; Franklin County, Mississippi; Grenada County, Mississippi; Hinds County, Mississippi; Holmes County, Mississippi; Humphreys County, Mississippi; Issaquena County, Mississippi; Jasper County, Mississippi; Jefferson County,", "id": "11170383" }, { "contents": "South Park National Heritage Area\n\n\nSouth Park National Heritage Area is a U.S. National Heritage Area encompassing the South Park of Colorado. Established on March 30, 2009 by the Omnibus Public Land Management Act of 2009 (§7002), the South Park NHA is managed by the Park County, Colorado Office of Tourism to promote and interpret the area's natural, scenic, and cultural resources. The National Heritage Area designation funds promotion of the area's mining, recreation, and ranching heritage. The National Heritage Area covers the majority of Park County, including the", "id": "8157140" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Civil Rights Museum\n\n\n2017, the Mississippi Department of Archives and History brought in Pam Junior as the new museum Director. Junior came from the Smith Robertson Museum and Cultural Center in Jackson, where she had been manager since 1999. Junior is a member of the board of directors for the Mississippi Delta National Heritage Area and Mississippi Book Festival and a co-founder of the Mississippi Black Theater Festival The museum hired Hilferty & Associates to design exhibits for the museum, which were fabricated by Exhibit Concepts. Monadnock Media designed the audio portions of the exhibits", "id": "6914076" }, { "contents": "Leflore County, Mississippi\n\n\nLeflore County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 32,317. The county seat is Greenwood. The county is named for Choctaw leader Greenwood LeFlore, who signed a treaty to cede his people's land to the United States in exchange for land in Indian Territory. LeFlore stayed in Mississippi, settling on land reserved for him in Tallahatchie County. Leflore County is part of the Greenwood, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region, with", "id": "10611085" }, { "contents": "Tallahatchie County, Mississippi\n\n\nTallahatchie County is a county in the U.S. state of Mississippi. At the 2010 census, the population was 15,378. Its county seats are Charleston and Sumner. Tallahatchie County is located in the Mississippi Delta region, divided by the Tallahatchie River which runs from north to south through the county before joining what becomes the Yazoo River in LeFlore County. The county was founded on December 31, 1833 after most of the Choctaw Nation was forced out under Indian Removal. Tallahatchie is a Choctaw name meaning \"rock of waters\". The", "id": "10555589" }, { "contents": "National Coal Heritage Area\n\n\nThe National Coal Heritage Area (NCHA) is a federally designated region of thirteen counties in West Virginia that were the source of \"smokeless\" bituminous coal through much of the 20th century. The National Heritage Area recognizes the area's cultural and historic qualities and serves to promote tourism, historic preservation and economic development in the region. The idea of the NCHA was first proposed in the early 1990s by Congressman Nick Rahall, and was established on November 12, 1996 by the 1996 Omnibus Parks and Public Lands Management Act. The", "id": "8963174" }, { "contents": "Muscle Shoals National Heritage Area\n\n\nMuscle Shoals National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the northwestern portion of the U.S. state of Alabama. It is centered on the portion of the Tennessee River around Muscle Shoals and interprets the region's history and culture. Muscle Shoals National Heritage Area comprises Lauderdale, Limestone, Colbert, Franklin, Lawrence and Morgan counties. Significant features of the heritage area include Wheeler Dam, Wilson Dam, Ivy Green, Rosenbaum House, Barton Hall and the northern end of the Natchez Trace. Muscle Shoals National Heritage Area was", "id": "16977602" }, { "contents": "Deer Creek (Mississippi)\n\n\nDeer Creek (also Issaquena Creek or Lower Deer Creek) is a creek in the U.S. state of Mississippi. Its source is Lake Bolivar, in Scott, Bolivar County, Mississippi. As Deer Creek flows south through the Mississippi Delta, it passes through the following counties: Bolivar, Washington, Sharkey, Issaquena, and Warren; and through the following communities: Metcalfe, Stoneville, Leland, Burdett, Arcola, Hollandale, Panther Burn, Nitta Yuma, Anguilla, Rolling Fork, Cary, Onward, and Valley Park.", "id": "1520113" }, { "contents": "Money, Mississippi\n\n\nMoney is an unincorporated Mississippi Delta community near Greenwood in Leflore County, Mississippi, United States. It has fewer than 100 residents, down from 400 in the early 1950s when a cotton mill operated there. Money is located on a railroad line along the Tallahatchie River, a tributary of the Yazoo River in the eastern part of the Mississippi Delta. The community has ZIP code 38945 in the Greenwood, Mississippi micropolitan area. Money is the site of the 1955 lynching of 14-year-old Emmett Till by white men, an event", "id": "15040548" }, { "contents": "Sharkey County, Mississippi\n\n\nSharkey County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. Part of the western border is formed by the Yazoo River. According to the 2010 census, the population was 4,916, making it the second-least populous county in Mississippi. Its county seat is Rolling Fork. The county is named after William L. Sharkey, the provisional Governor of Mississippi in 1865. Sharkey County is located in the Mississippi Delta region. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of , of which is land", "id": "10555635" }, { "contents": "Oil Region National Heritage Area\n\n\nOil Region National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the northwestern portion of the U.S. state of Pennsylvania. The national heritage area commemorates and promotes the region surrounding Edwin Drake's oil well of 1859 near Titusville, which gave rise to the modern oil industry. The national heritage area includes all of Venango County and a portion of Crawford County, including Titusville and Oil Creek Township The Oil Region National Heritage Area was established by Public Law 108-447 in 2004. It is administered by the Oil Region Alliance.", "id": "17389123" }, { "contents": "Delta National Forest\n\n\nDelta National Forest is a U.S. National Forest in western Mississippi, located in Sharkey County, and has an area of . Delta is operated as the Sunflower Wildlife Management Area. The forest is headquartered in Jackson, as are all six National Forests in Mississippi, but Delta Ranger District office is located in Rolling Fork. It is one of only six National Forests that are contained entirely within a single county and the only bottomland hardwood forest in the National Forest system. The Green Ash-Overcup Oak-Sweetgum Research Natural Areas within", "id": "3631940" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\ninfluences in the Mississippi River Delta. They continue to shape preferences of food, music, and art, as well as to maintain the unique identities existing in the southernmost parts of the region. Both cultures speak a form of French; but they are considered to be autonomous and distinct dialects. From 1910–1920, New Orleans became the birthplace of jazz and since has continued its legacy of being home to budding musicians and new musical experiences, tying music directly to its unique culture and diverse heritage. The origins of jazz and blues", "id": "16619580" }, { "contents": "Journey Through Hallowed Ground National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Journey Through Hallowed Ground National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in portions of Pennsylvania, West Virginia, Maryland and Virginia, in the eastern United States. The Journey Through Hallowed Ground National Heritage Area was established on May 8, 2008 by Public Law 110-229, the Consolidated Natural Resources Act of 2008.The designation provides a framework for the promotion and interpretation of the area's cultural and historic character, with particular emphasis on the region's role in the American Civil War, and the preservation of the natural", "id": "13516660" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta\n\n\nThe Mississippi Delta, also known as the Yazoo-Mississippi Delta, is the distinctive northwest section of the U.S. state of Mississippi (and portions of Arkansas and Louisiana) which lies between the Mississippi and Yazoo Rivers. The region has been called \"The Most Southern Place on Earth\" (\"Southern\" in the sense of \"characteristic of its region, the American South\"), because of its unique racial, cultural, and economic history. It is long and across at its widest point, encompassing about , or", "id": "15159888" }, { "contents": "Freedom's Way National Heritage Area\n\n\nFreedom's Way National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing portions of northern Massachusetts and southern New Hampshire. The heritage area includes sites significant to the American Revolution, cultural sites associated with Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau, and Native American sites. The heritage area seeks to preserve the region's landscape and historic structures. The National Heritage Area includes Minute Man National Historical Park, portions of Middlesex and Worcester counties in Massachusetts, and portions of Hillsborough County, New Hampshire, an area including a total of", "id": "14966358" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta\n\n\nside of the Mississippi River, another area of high poverty). The 1990s state legalization of casino gambling in Mississippi has boosted the Delta's economy, particularly in the areas of Tunica and Vicksburg. A large cultural influence in the region is its history of hunting and fishing. Hunting in the Delta is primarily for game such as whitetail deer, wild turkey, and waterfowl, along with many small game species (squirrel, rabbit, dove, quail, raccoon, etc.) For many years, the hunting and fishing", "id": "15159912" }, { "contents": "Baltimore National Heritage Area\n\n\nBaltimore National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing portions of Baltimore, Maryland, USA. The designated area includes the central portion of the city, waterfront, inner neighborhoods and portions of the city's park system. The district includes Fort McHenry and the Inner Harbor, as well as portions of the Charles Street, Falls Road, National Historic Seaport and Star Spangled Banner Maryland Scenic Byways. The Baltimore National Heritage Area was established on March 30, 2009 by the Omnibus Public Land Management Act of 2009 (§", "id": "8582841" }, { "contents": "B.B. King Museum\n\n\nThe B.B. King Museum and Delta Interpretive Center is a Delta blues museum with the mission to \"empower, unite and heal through music, art and education and share with the world the rich cultural heritage of the Mississippi Delta.\" The museum, named for blues legend, B.B. King, is located in his hometown of Indianola, Mississippi, in the United States. The B.B. King Museum and Delta Interpretive Center opened in Indianola Mississippi on September 13, 2008. The museum features a restored brick cotton gin building in which B.B.", "id": "17262603" }, { "contents": "Louise, Mississippi\n\n\nLouise is a town in Humphreys County, Mississippi. The population was 199 at the 2010 census, down from 315 at the 2000 census. Louise is located in southern Humphreys County at (32.981549, -90.591624), along Silver Creek in the Mississippi Delta region. Mississippi Highway 149 passes just east of the town, leading north to U.S. Route 49W at Silver City and south via Mississippi Highway 16 to Yazoo City. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town of Louise has a total area of , all land.", "id": "2222822" }, { "contents": "Arkansas Delta\n\n\nblues and gospel traditions. The East Central Delta area has produced a small number of talented and influential R&B artists. Arkansas's blues Influence, shares a rich heritage with Mississippi and Memphis, Tennessee. Arkansas was home to numerous blues masters, who are held in high esteem by newer generations learning blues history. Arkansas blues artists influenced decades of pop culture music by such artists as Muddy Waters, Little Milton, B.B. King, Eric Clapton, Jeff Beck, Joe Bonamassa, Stevie Ray Vaughan, George Harrison and the Rolling Stones", "id": "6558115" }, { "contents": "Cruger, Mississippi\n\n\nCruger is a town in Holmes County, Mississippi, United States. The population was 386 at the 2010 census, down from 449 at the 2000 census. Cruger is in the northwest corner of Holmes County, in the Mississippi Delta region along U.S. Route 49E. Greenwood is north of Cruger via US 49E, and Yazoo City is to the south. According to the United States Census Bureau, Cruger has a total area of , all land. As of the census of 2000, there were 449 people, 161 households, and", "id": "2222747" }, { "contents": "Carroll County, Mississippi\n\n\nCarroll County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 10,597. Its county seats are Carollton and Vaiden. The county is named for Charles Carroll of Carrollton, the last surviving signatory of the U.S. Declaration of Independence. Carroll County is part of the Greenwood, Micropolitan Statistical Area. Bordered by the Yazoo River on the west and the Big Black River to the east, it is considered within the Mississippi Delta region. Most of its land is in the hill country", "id": "10611479" }, { "contents": "Minter City, Mississippi\n\n\nMinter City is an unincorporated community located in Leflore County and in Tallahatchie County, Mississippi. It is part of the Greenwood, Mississippi micropolitan area, and is within the Mississippi Delta. Mississippi Highway 8 intersects U.S. Route 49E southwest of Minter City, and the Tallahatchie River flows to the east. There is a post office located on U.S. Route 49E, with a ZIP code of 38944. Variant names for the original settlement were \"Walnut Place Landing\" and \"Minter City Landing\". Spanish explorer Hernando de Soto may have", "id": "12467995" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta AVA\n\n\nThe Mississippi Delta AVA is an American Viticultural Area on the left (east) bank of the Mississippi River, between Memphis, Tennessee, and Vicksburg, Mississippi. It includes portions of the Mississippi Delta and the watershed of the lower Mississippi River in the U.S. states of Louisiana (west bank), Mississippi, and Tennessee. Since the creation of the AVA in 1984, there has been very little viticulture in the Mississippi Delta region. Mississippi State University established an enology laboratory to research grape cultivation in the area, but little", "id": "16585963" }, { "contents": "Greenwood, Mississippi\n\n\nGreenwood is a city in and the county seat of Leflore County, Mississippi, located at the eastern edge of the Mississippi Delta, approximately 96 miles north of the state capital, Jackson, Mississippi, and 130 miles south of the riverport of Memphis, Tennessee. It was a center of cotton planter culture in the 19th century. The population was 16,087 at the 2010 census. It is the principal city of the Greenwood Micropolitan Statistical Area. Greenwood developed at the confluence of the Tallahatchie and the Yalobusha rivers, which form the", "id": "3378194" }, { "contents": "Bolivar County, Mississippi\n\n\nBolivar County ( ) is a county located on the western border of the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 34,145. Its county seats are Rosedale and Cleveland. The county is named in honor of Simón Bolívar, early 19th-century leader of the liberation of several South American colonies from Spain. The Cleveland, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area includes all of Bolivar County. It is located in the Mississippi Delta, or Yazoo Basin, of Mississippi. This area was first developed for cotton plantations", "id": "10611493" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nmusic in the region is closely connected to the Mississippi River and the delta, as the location allowed for an influx of cultural influences, including blues and bluegrass music from upriver, to the African and Latin folk hymns and music from the Caribbean islands. The delta is still synonymous with the sounds of jazz, funk and zydeco and remains to be an important cultural hub for new sounds and music, bringing thousands to the area every year to experience the lifestyle and participate in the natural rhythms of the area. The region is", "id": "16619581" }, { "contents": "Essex National Heritage Commission\n\n\nThe Essex National Heritage Commission (ENHC) is a non-profit organization charted to oversee the Essex National Heritage Area, a National Heritage Area composed of all of Essex County, Massachusetts. The commission promotes the cultural heritage with public and private partnerships and with the National Park Service by developing programs that enhance, preserve and encourage regional awareness of the area's unique historic, cultural and natural resources. The commission is based in Salem. The organization has sponsored a number of events and programs that celebrate the region’s history,", "id": "16440799" }, { "contents": "Blue Ridge National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Blue Ridge National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing the twenty-five westernmost counties of North Carolina, which are associated with the Blue Ridge Mountains. The designation provides a framework for the promotion and interpretation of the area's cultural and historic character, and the preservation of the natural and built environment. The National Heritage Area includes the North Carolina portions of Great Smoky Mountains National Park and the Blue Ridge Parkway. Other attractions include Mount Mitchell in Pisgah National Forest, Nantahala National Forest and the North Carolina", "id": "9719864" }, { "contents": "Poverty Point\n\n\nPoverty Point State Historic Site (; 16 WC 5) is a prehistoric earthwork constructed by the Poverty Point culture. The Poverty Point site is located in present-day northeastern Louisiana though evidence of the Poverty Point culture extends throughout much of the Southeastern United States. The culture extended across the Mississippi Delta and south to the Gulf Coast. The Poverty Point site has been designated as a U.S. National Monument, a U.S. National Historic Landmark, and UNESCO World Heritage Site. Located in the Southern United States, the site is from the", "id": "10100047" }, { "contents": "Geography of Arkansas\n\n\nState Park, Delta Heritage Trail State Park, Felsenthal National Wildlife Refuge, Lake Chicot State Park, Mississippi River State Park, Overflow National Wildlife Refuge and White River National Wildlife Refuge. The flat topography and fertile soils of Southeast Arkansas have been important to the region throughout its history, first to the Native American that inhabited the region. This history is available today at museums like the Pine Bluff/Jefferson County Historical Museum. The area was one of the first explored and settled in Arkansas; including the territorial capital at Arkansas", "id": "17334085" }, { "contents": "Tchula, Mississippi\n\n\nhad vanished, partly due to increased use of machines in agriculture. Many businesses formerly in the town had disappeared. Tchula is in western Holmes County along Tchula Lake, an old river channel in the Mississippi Delta region of the state. U.S. Route 49E passes through the center of town, leading north to Greenwood and southwest to Yazoo. Mississippi Highway 12 leads southeast from Tchula to Lexington, the Holmes County seat. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of , of which , or 2.31", "id": "2222794" }, { "contents": "Freedom's Frontier National Heritage Area\n\n\nFreedom's Frontier National Heritage Area, Inc. (FFNHA) is a federally designated U.S. National Heritage Area located in eastern Kansas and Western Missouri. This heritage area preserves, conserves, and interprets historic and cultural landscapes pertaining to: the shaping of the frontier, the Missouri-Kansas Border War, and the enduring struggle for freedom. FFNHA was authorized on October 12, 2006, with the passage of the National Heritage Areas Act of 2006. The management plan for the heritage area was approved by the Board of Trustees on June", "id": "353294" }, { "contents": "Sunflower County, Mississippi\n\n\nSunflower County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 29,450. Its largest city and county seat is Indianola. Sunflower County comprises the Indianola, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is included in the Cleveland-Indianola, MS Combined Statistical Area. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region. Sunflower Country was created in 1844. The land mass encompassed most of Sunflower and Leflore Counties as we know them today. The first seat of government was Clayton, located near", "id": "10555603" }, { "contents": "Atchafalaya National Heritage Area\n\n\nAtchafalaya National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing parts of fourteen parishes along the Atchafalaya River in the U.S. State of Louisiana. The heritage area extends the length of the Atchafalaya Basin from the area of Ferriday in the north to the river's mouth beyond Morgan City. The National Heritage Area is divided into four regions: Upper, Between 2 Rivers, Bayou Teche Corridor and the Coastal Zone. The designation provides a framework for the promotion and interpretation of the area's cultural and historic character, and the preservation", "id": "9171577" }, { "contents": "Niagara Falls National Heritage Area\n\n\nNiagara Falls National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing the Niagara Falls region of the U.S. State of New York. The heritage area includes the communities of Niagara Falls, Youngstown and Lewiston. The designation provides a framework for the promotion and interpretation of the area's cultural and historic character, and the preservation of the natural and built environment. The heritage area designation recognizes the area's importance to Native Americans, to early European explorers of America, the American Revolution, the War of 1812 and the area's", "id": "9115304" }, { "contents": "Warren County, Mississippi\n\n\nWarren County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 48,773. Its county seat is Vicksburg. Created by legislative act of 22 December 1809, Warren County is named for American Revolutionary War officer Joseph Warren. Part of the Mississippi Delta and the historic cotton culture, Warren County is included in the Vicksburg, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Jackson-Vicksburg-Brookhaven, MS Combined Statistical Area. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the", "id": "10555530" }, { "contents": "Greenwood, Mississippi micropolitan area\n\n\nThe Greenwood Micropolitan Statistical Area is a micropolitan area in the northwestern Delta region of Mississippi that covers two counties - Leflore and Carroll. As of the 2000 census, the μSA had a population of 48,716 (though a July 1, 2009 estimate placed the population at 44,841). As of the census of 2000, there were 48,716 people, 17,027 households, and 11,956 families residing within the μSA. The racial makeup of the μSA was 37.22% White, 60.85% African American, 0.10% Native American, 0.54% Asian", "id": "8919330" }, { "contents": "James Thomas (blues musician)\n\n\n\". In 1985, his work was featured in the prestigious Corcoran Gallery in Washington, D.C., where he was introduced to Nancy Reagan, then the First Lady. Thomas's skulls are on display in the Delta Blues Museum, in Clarksdale, Mississippi, and the Highway 61 Blues Museum, in Leland, Mississippi. Thomas played at numerous blues festivals and private parties throughout the area, including the Mississippi Delta Blues and Heritage Festival in Greenville. In the 1970s, Eddie Cusic performed with Thomas at regular engagements. Together they", "id": "17330513" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nand is an important coastal region for the United States, containing more than of coastal wetlands and 37% of the estuarine marsh in the conterminous U.S. The coastal area is the nation's largest drainage basin and drains about 41% of the contiguous United States into the Gulf of Mexico at an average rate of . The modern Mississippi River Delta formed over the last approximately 4,500 years as the Mississippi River deposited sand, clay and silt along its banks and in adjacent basins. The Mississippi River Delta is a river-dominated delta system", "id": "16619564" }, { "contents": "Arabia Mountain National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Arabia Mountain National Heritage Area is a National Heritage Area in the U.S. state of Georgia that encompasses natural, cultural, and historical elements to form a cohesive, nationally significant environment. The area is due east of Atlanta and spans reaching from the historic commercial center of Lithonia to the Monastery of the Holy Spirit in Conyers, including a number of sites in between, including Panola Mountain State Park, Davidson-Arabia Mountain Nature Preserve, the Mall at Stonecrest, and more. The Heritage Area was established in 2006, and", "id": "352970" }, { "contents": "Sangre de Cristo National Heritage Area\n\n\nSangre de Cristo National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the south central portion of the U.S. state of Colorado. The heritage area includes the San Luis Valley and portions of the Sangre de Cristo Range. The region combines influences of Anglo-American, Hispano-American and Native American influences. It also includes portions of the upper Rio Grande valley. The national heritage area includes Alamosa, Costilla, and Conejos counties, and portions of Saguache and Rio Grande counties. It also includes within its boundaries Great Sand", "id": "17389640" }, { "contents": "Delta State–Mississippi College football rivalry\n\n\nThe Delta State–Mississippi College football rivalry, commonly known as the Heritage Bell Classic, is a college football rivalry game between a public university and a private Christian college in the U.S. state of Mississippi, the Delta State University Statesmen and the Mississippi College Choctaws. The current winner is Delta State, who won, 28–21, on November 10, 2018. Delta State leads the all-time series, 22–15–2. The Delta State Statesmen were co-founding members of the Gulf South Conference in 1970. Mississippi College joined the", "id": "15797675" }, { "contents": "Delta blues\n\n\nDelta blues is one of the earliest-known styles of blues music. It originated in the Mississippi Delta, a region of the U.S. stretching from Memphis, Tennessee, in the north to Vicksburg, Mississippi, in the south and from Helena, Arkansas, in the west to the Yazoo River in the east. The Mississippi Delta is famous for its fertile soil and for its poverty. Delta blues is regarded as a regional variant of country blues. Guitar and harmonica are its dominant instruments; slide guitar is a hallmark of", "id": "7794018" }, { "contents": "Arkansas Delta\n\n\na decline. Charles Bowden of \"National Geographic\" wrote, \"By 1970 the sharecropping world was already disappearing, and the landscape of today—huge fields, giant machines, battered towns, few people—beginning to emerge.\" The Arkansas Delta is known for its rich musical heritage. While defined primarily by its deep blues/gospel roots, it is distinguished somewhat from its Mississippi Delta counterpart by more intricately interwoven country music and R&B elements. Arkansas blues musicians have defined every genre of blues from its inception, including", "id": "6558110" }, { "contents": "Greenwood High School (Mississippi)\n\n\nGreenwood High School is a public high school located in Greenwood, Leflore County, in the U.S. state of Mississippi. The school is part of the Greenwood Public School District. Greenwood, Mississippi, is a town of slightly over 15,000 residents located on the banks of the Yazoo River about south of Memphis, Tennessee, and about north of Jackson, Mississippi. The city and county are named after Greenwood Leflore, the designated leader of the Choctaw nation who ceded Mississippi land under pressure of the 1830 Indian Removal Act to the United", "id": "4541464" }, { "contents": "Upper Housatonic Valley National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Upper Housatonic Valley National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the U.S. states of Connecticut and Massachusetts. The heritage area interprets and promotes the historical, cultural and scenic features of the upper Housatonic River valley in the western part of both states. The heritage area focuses on five themes: the area's role as a resort for writers, artists, actors and musicians, the scenic landscape, the area's role in industry, the American Revolutionary War, and the social and religious groups associated with the area", "id": "17597179" }, { "contents": "National Heritage Area\n\n\nA National Heritage Area is a site designated by United States and intended to encourage historic preservation of the area and an appreciation of the history and heritage of the site. There are currently 55 National Heritage Areas, some of which use variations of the title, such as National Heritage Corridor. National Heritage Areas (NHAs) are not National Park Service units or federally owned or managed land. NHAs are administered by state governments or non-profit organizations or other private corporations, referred to as \"local coordinating entities\". The", "id": "2301876" }, { "contents": "Lackawanna Heritage Valley National and State Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Lackawanna Heritage Valley National and State Heritage Area is a state and federally designated National Heritage Area in northeastern Pennsylvania. It was initially established in 1991 as the first State Heritage Park in Pennsylvania, and was additionally designated a National Heritage Area in 2000. The designations recognize the area's heritage of industry, architecture, history and natural resources, and provide a framework for development and promotion of these features. The Lackawanna Heritage Valley National and State Heritage Area is managed by the Lackawanna Heritage Valley Authority, or LHVA. The National", "id": "16220344" }, { "contents": "Kenai Mountains – Turnagain Arm National Heritage Area\n\n\nKenai Mountains – Turnagain Arm National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the U.S. state of Alaska. The heritage area extends across the northern part of the Kenai Peninsula, immediately to the north and east of Kenai Fjords National Park. The designation recognizes the area's unique cultural, scenic and historical features and provides a unified organization for promotion of the area's attractions. The Kenai Mountains – Turnagain Arm National Heritage Area (KMTA) includes the road corridor between Seward and Hope and Whittier, from Resurrection Bay in", "id": "16167272" }, { "contents": "Mayersville, Mississippi\n\n\nMayersville is a town on the east bank of the Mississippi River, and the county seat for Issaquena County, Mississippi, United States. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region, known for cotton cultivation in the antebellum era. Once the trading center for the county, the town was superseded when railroads were built into the area. The population of the majority-black town was 547 at the 2010 census, down from 795 at the 2000 census. Native Americans had lived in this area since prehistoric times. The Mayersville", "id": "2222833" }, { "contents": "Crenshaw, Mississippi\n\n\nCrenshaw is a town in Panola and Quitman counties in the U.S. state of Mississippi. The population was 916 at the 2000 census. Crenshaw is located at (34.502661, -90.195841). Most of the town is in Panola County with a small portion on the west side in Quitman County. In the 2000 census, 697 of the town's 916 residents (76.1%) lived in Panola County and 219 (23.9%) in Quitman County. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of", "id": "17931693" }, { "contents": "Panola County, Mississippi\n\n\nPanola County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 34,707. Its county seats are Sardis and Batesville. Panola is the anglicization of \"ponolo\", a word meaning thread in both old Choctaw and Chickasaw and cotton in modern Choctaw. The county is located just east of the Mississippi Delta and bisected by the Tallahatchie River flowing to the southwest, separating the two county seats. Panola County was established February 9, 1836, and is one of the twelve large", "id": "10555705" }, { "contents": "MotorCities National Heritage Area\n\n\nMotorCities National Heritage Area or Motor Cities National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area that commemorates and promotes the automobile industry in Metro Detroit, with portions of 16 counties in southern Michigan, United States. The scope of the heritage area includes sites and events relating to the motor industry as well as the industry's impact on labor, society and the environment. The heritage area comprises more than 1200 automotive-related sites, including the Henry Ford Museum, Fair Lane, various Ford plants, the Automotive Hall of Fame", "id": "16976479" }, { "contents": "Great Basin National Heritage Area\n\n\nGreat Basin National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in Nevada and Utah, including White Pine County, Nevada and Millard County, Utah. The area was designated to recognize and promote the scenic and cultural resources associated with this central portion of the Great Basin. The National Heritage Area includes Great Basin National Park and portions of Humboldt-Toiyabe and Fishlake National Forests, as well as Fort Deseret, Sevier Lake and the Topaz War Relocation Center. Great Basin National Heritage Area was designated on October 13, 2006.", "id": "15909144" }, { "contents": "Crowder, Mississippi\n\n\nCrowder is a town in Panola and Quitman counties in the state of Mississippi. The population was 766 at the 2000 census. Most of Crowder is in Quitman County with a portion on the east in adjacent Panola County. In the 2000 census, 462 of the town's 766 residents (60.3%) lived in Quitman County and 304 (39.7%) in Panola County. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 0.4 square miles (1.2 km², all land. As of the", "id": "17931698" }, { "contents": "Rivers of Steel National Heritage Area\n\n\nRivers of Steel National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in southwestern Pennsylvania, centered on Pittsburgh and oriented around the interpretation and promotion of the region's steel-making heritage. The area roughly covers the valleys of the Ohio, Monongahela and lower Allegheny rivers. Major interpretive locations include the Carrie Furnace, Pinkerton's Landing Bridge and other features of the Homestead Steel Works. The national heritage area comprises Allegheny, Armstrong, Beaver, Butler, Greene, Fayette, Washington and Westmoreland counties. Rivers of Steel National Heritage", "id": "17389345" }, { "contents": "Crowley's Ridge Parkway\n\n\nroute which allowed the traveler to experience the Southern heritage of the area. The National Scenic Byway designation came the following year, with an extension into Missouri in 2000. The majority of the route is in Arkansas, and the parkway begins in Phillips County, Arkansas, in Helena-West Helena very near the Helena Bridge over the Mississippi River. Beginning at US Route 49 (US 49) and running north with US 49 Business (US 49B), the route passes historic properties including the Delta Cultural Center, the Jerome", "id": "1149985" }, { "contents": "Issaquena County, Mississippi\n\n\nIssaquena County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 1,406, making it the least populous county in the United States east of the Mississippi River. Its county seat is Mayersville. With a per-capita income of $18,598, Issaquena County is the poorest county in the United States. Issaquena County is located in the Mississippi Delta region. The Mississippi River flows along the entire western boundary of the county, and many of the earliest communities were river ports.", "id": "10611264" }, { "contents": "Delta Regional Authority\n\n\n, Mississippi; Tunica County, Mississippi; Union County, Mississippi; Walthall County, Mississippi; Warren County, Mississippi; Washington County, Mississippi; Wilkinson County, Mississippi; Yalobusha County, Mississippi; Yazoo County, Mississippi Missouri Bollinger County, Missouri; Butler County, Missouri; Cape Girardeau County, Missouri; Carter County, Missouri; Crawford County, Missouri; Dent County, Missouri; Douglas County, Missouri; Dunklin County, Missouri; Howell County, Missouri; Iron County, Missouri; Madison County, Missouri; Mississippi", "id": "11170385" }, { "contents": "Tunica County, Mississippi\n\n\nTunica County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 10,778. Its county seat is Tunica. The county is named for the Tunica Native Americans. Most migrated to central Louisiana during the colonial period. Tunica County is part of the Memphis, TN-MS-AR Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region. Since the late 20th century, it is known for Tunica Resorts (formerly Robinsonville), an unincorporated community that is the site", "id": "10555567" }, { "contents": "Emmett Till\n\n\nin the Mississippi Delta are memorialized as associated with Till. Emmett Till was born in 1941 in Chicago; he was the son of Mamie Carthan (1921–2003) and Louis Till (1922–1945). Emmett's mother Mamie was born in the small Delta town of Webb, Mississippi. The Delta region encompasses the large, multi-county area of northwestern Mississippi in the watershed of the Yazoo and Mississippi rivers. When Carthan was two years old, her family moved to Argo, Illinois, as part of the Great Migration of rural", "id": "2570054" }, { "contents": "History of New Orleans\n\n\nUnion during the Civil War. With its rich and unique cultural and architectural heritage, it remains a major destination for tourism, conventions, and major sports events, even after the major destruction and loss of life resulting from Hurricane Katrina in 2005. The land mass that was to become the city of New Orleans was formed around 2200 BC when the Mississippi River deposited silt creating the delta region. Before Europeans founded the settlement, the area was inhabited by Native Americans for about 1300 years. The Mississippian culture peoples built mounds and", "id": "3084005" }, { "contents": "B.B. King Museum\n\n\nKing worked in the 1940s. The museum also contains an extensive collection of artifacts owned by King and displays exhibits about his life and the lives of other musicians of the delta region and the culture where the blues arose. The museum commemorates the famous blues artist, B.B King, who was from the Mississippi Delta. The museum has multiple exhibits highlighting King's Delta Blue music. Exhibits include interactive exhibits, King memorabilia, and stories. The museum seeks to help preserve Delta Blues and its culture by promoting its importance. In", "id": "17262604" }, { "contents": "Missouri Bootheel\n\n\nwrites: Given the population in the area, even a moderately sized earthquake would be disastrous. The Bootheel (pronounced Boothill in the region) is on the edge of the Mississippi Delta culture that produced the Delta blues. Its relatively large black population makes it distinct from the rest of rural Missouri. The area has a unique rural black culture reflected in its music, churches and other traditions. The black population ranges from about 26% in Pemiscot County, to 15% in New Madrid County, and about 9% in", "id": "12618286" }, { "contents": "Moorhead, Mississippi\n\n\nMoorhead is a city in Sunflower County, Mississippi. As of the 2000 census, the city population was 2,573. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of , of which is land and 0.77% is water. Moorhead is along U.S. Route 82, east of Indianola. Moorhead is located at the intersection of the Southern and Yazoo Delta railroads. This is the origin of the legendary blues crossroads phrase \"where the Southern cross the Dog\". As of the 2010 United States Census,", "id": "2223816" }, { "contents": "Blanche Bruce\n\n\nsteamboat porter on the Mississippi River. In 1864, he moved to Hannibal, Missouri, where he established a school for black children. In 1868, during Reconstruction, Bruce relocated to Bolivar near Cleveland in northwestern Mississippi, at which he purchased a Mississippi Delta plantation. He became a wealthy landowner of several thousand acres in the Mississippi Delta. He was appointed to the positions of Tallahatchie County registrar of voters and tax assessor before he won an election for sheriff in Bolivar County. He later was elected to other county positions,", "id": "13640962" }, { "contents": "Delta, Mississippi\n\n\nDelta is a ghost town in Coahoma County, Mississippi, United States. Once a thriving port on the Mississippi River, Delta today is covered by farmland and a portion of the Mississippi Levee. Nothing remains of the original settlement. The county seat was moved from Port Royal to Delta in 1842. In 1844, Delta was surveyed and laid off into lots. The town had a population of about 700, and was a busy steamboat port. Delta incorporated in 1848. That same year, the river flooded the town,", "id": "8584565" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nbenefits that are unique to the region. These vital resources are at constant risk of being lost with the continual land loss and the decreasing size of the natural coastal area. The Mississippi River Delta has a strong economy which relies heavily on tourism and recreational activities such as fishing, hunting and wildlife watching as well as commercial fishing, oil, gas, and shipping industries. There are a number of major industries in the Mississippi River Delta that drive the local and national economy, including: In total, the five Gulf Coast", "id": "16619584" }, { "contents": "Holmes County, Mississippi\n\n\nHolmes County is a county in the U.S. state of Mississippi; its western border is formed by the Yazoo River and the eastern border by the Big Black River. The western part of the county is within the Yazoo-Mississippi Delta. As of the 2010 census, the population was 19,198. Its county seat is Lexington. The county is named in honor of David Holmes, territorial governor and the first governor of the state of Mississippi and later United States Senator for Mississippi. A favorite son, Edmond Favor Noel, was", "id": "10611282" }, { "contents": "Greenville, Mississippi\n\n\nGreenville is a city in, and the county seat of, Washington County, Mississippi, United States. The population was 34,400 at the 2010 census. It is located in the area of historic cotton plantations and culture known as the Mississippi Delta. This area was occupied by indigenous peoples for thousands of years. When the French explored here, they encountered the historic Natchez people. As part of their colony known as \"La Louisiane\", the French established a settlement at what became Natchez, Mississippi. Other Native American tribes", "id": "2224007" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nartery. In addition to shipping, local and commercial fisheries continued to expand. The discovery of vast oil and gas deposits brought further economic and environmental changes to the delta. Despite these profound changes, the delta today remains very much rooted in the vibrant cultural and social traditions of its residents. The Mississippi River Delta is home to more than two million people. The location of the delta at the mouth of the Mississippi River allowed for the area to be a cultural gateway into the United States, and influenced the mix of", "id": "16619576" }, { "contents": "Essex Heritage\n\n\nEssex Heritage is a non-profit organization charted to promote the cultural heritage of Essex County in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. Working with both public and private partnerships and with the National Park Service, the group supports and develops programs that enhance, preserve and encourage regional awareness of the area’s unique historic, cultural and natural resources. Headquartered in Salem, Massachusetts, the Commission services the 34 communities of Essex County. It has been recognized by the United States Congress in recognition of the important role that this region played in American", "id": "16609234" }, { "contents": "Washington County, Mississippi\n\n\nWashington County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 51,137. Its county seat is Greenville. The county is named in honor of the first President of the United States, George Washington. The Greenville, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area includes all of Washington County. It is located in the Mississippi Delta. Located in the Mississippi Delta, Washington County was first developed for cotton cultivation in the antebellum years. Most plantations were developed to have access to the rivers, which", "id": "10555522" }, { "contents": "Mississippi\n\n\nIsland. The northwest remainder of the state consists of the Mississippi Delta, a section of the Mississippi Alluvial Plain. The plain is narrow in the south and widens north of Vicksburg. The region has rich soil, partly made up of silt which had been regularly deposited by the flood waters of the Mississippi River. Areas under the management of the National Park Service include: Mississippi City Population Rankings of at least 50,000 (United States Census Bureau as of 2017): Mississippi City Population Rankings of at least 20,000 but fewer than", "id": "21293458" }, { "contents": "Belzoni, Mississippi\n\n\nBelzoni ( ) is a city in Humphreys County, Mississippi, in the Mississippi Delta region, on the Yazoo River. The population was 2,235 at the 2010 census. It is the county seat of Humphreys County. It was named for the 19th-century Italian archaeologist/explorer Giovanni Battista Belzoni. The area was named Farm-Raised Catfish Capital of the World in 1976 by then Governor Cliff Finch, since it produces more farm-raised catfish than any other U.S. county. About of the county are under water in ponds", "id": "2222804" }, { "contents": "2011 Mississippi River floods\n\n\nfrom Vicksburg was cut off for more than two weeks. U.S. Highway 61 between Vicksburg and Port Gibson was closed by backwater flooding along the Big Black River on May 12; it reopened June 1. Another portion of U.S. Highway 61 near Redwood was closed by backwater flooding along the Yazoo River on May 13 and was closed until June 3. In anticipation of major flooding, the U.S. federal government declared 14 counties along the Mississippi River, the Thames River: Adams, Bolivar, Claiborne, Coahoma, DeSoto, Humphreys, Issaquena", "id": "8214155" }, { "contents": "Memphis, Tennessee\n\n\nother places in the world could offer cheaper labor, and the workforce was undereducated for today's challenges. The Memphis Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA), the 42nd largest in the United States, has a 2010 population of 1,316,100 and includes the Tennessee counties of Shelby, Tipton and Fayette; as well as the northern Mississippi counties of DeSoto, Marshall, Tate, and Tunica; and Crittenden County, Arkansas, all part of the Mississippi Delta. The total metropolitan area has a higher proportion of whites and a higher per capita", "id": "4225772" }, { "contents": "Northern Plains National Heritage Area\n\n\nNorthern Plains National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area along an length of the Missouri River in central North Dakota. The heritage area promotes and interprets the scenic, cultural and historic heritage of the region. It extends from Knife River Indian Villages National Historic Site to Huff Indian Village State Historic Site The area interprets the history of the Three Affiliated Tribes, the passage of the Lewis and Clark Expedition, the fur trade, steamboats on the Missouri and Fort Abraham Lincoln. It also interprets the area's association with the", "id": "17044952" }, { "contents": "Tornado outbreak of April 22–25, 2010\n\n\ncrossed the Mississippi River shortly thereafter, and damaged or destroyed numerous homes on the north side of Eagle Lake. The tornado then moved across the Delta National Forest in Issaquena and Sharkey Counties, causing major tree damage. The tornado again caused significant home damage northwest of Satartia, and again as it crossed Highway 3 near the Crupp community. The tornado then moved through rural areas southwest of Yazoo City, causing major damage or total destruction of a number of homes, as well as intense tree damage. As the tornado approached the", "id": "5566995" }, { "contents": "Segregation academy\n\n\npercent of Virginia's non-Hispanic white students attended these isolated schools., In Mississippi, many of the segregation academies were first established in the black-majority Mississippi Delta region in northwestern Mississippi. The Delta has historically had a very large majority-black population, related to the history of the use of slave labor on cotton plantations. The potential for integration resulted in white parents' establishing segregation academies in every county in the Delta. Many academies are still operating, from Indianola, Mississippi to Humphreys County. These schools", "id": "16560206" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nnationalities which settled in the area over time, forming the diversity of the region. Louisiana's first 18th century colonists were French, but they were soon joined by Spanish and Acadian settlers. The region has been home to other European-immigrant ethnic groups, beginning in the 19th century, including German, Sicilian, and Irish. There are also the Africans, West Indians, and Native Americans in the mix. The combination of these groups over time has created the special culture found in the Mississippi River Delta. Two unique", "id": "16619577" }, { "contents": "Champlain Valley National Heritage Area\n\n\nClinton, Essex, Warren, Saratoga and Washington counties in New York, and Bennington, Rutland, Addison, Chittenden, Franklin and Grand Isle counties in Vermont. Attractions located within the National Heritage Area include Fort Ticonderoga, the Lake Champlain Maritime Museum, Saratoga National Historical Park, portions of Adirondack Park and Green Mountain National Forest, Missisquoi National Wildlife Refuge and the Lake Champlain Underwater Historic Preserves. The Champlain Valley National Heritage Area was established by the Champlain Valley National Heritage Act of 2005. It is administered by the Champlain Valley", "id": "9913189" }, { "contents": "Atchafalaya National Heritage Area\n\n\nof the natural and built environment. The heritage area designation recognizes the area's unique environment and culture, and its contributions to music, English and French language, literature, and cuisine. Major locales included in the Heritage Area include Avery Island, New Iberia, Morgan City, Lafayette, Opelousas, Baton Rouge, Plaquemine and Houma. Jean Lafitte National Historical Park, Longfellow-Evangeline State Historic Site and Plaquemine Lock State Historic Site are included in the heritage area, as well as the Louisiana State Museum branches in Baton Rouge", "id": "9171578" }, { "contents": "Bryant Clark\n\n\nBryant W. Clark (born October 31, 1974) is an American politician from the state of Mississippi. A member of the Democratic Party, Clark is a member of the Mississippi House of Representatives, and represents the 47th district. He has served in the Mississippi House since 2004. The district includes parts of Attala, Holmes and Yazoo counties, which is located in central Mississippi. The district comprises both the Hills and Mississippi Delta regions of the state. Clark is a lifelong resident of Ebenezer, located in southern Holmes County", "id": "18412525" }, { "contents": "Louisiana African American Heritage Trail\n\n\nLouisiana African American Heritage Trail () is a cultural heritage trail with 26 sites designated in 2008 by the state of Louisiana, from New Orleans along the Mississippi River to Baton Rouge and Shreveport, with sites in small towns and plantations also included. In New Orleans several sites are within a walking area. Auto travel is required to reach sites outside the city. A variety of African-American museums devoted to art, history and culture are on the \"trail\", as is the Cane River Creole National Historical Park,", "id": "6088712" }, { "contents": "Delta Blues Museum\n\n\nThe Delta Blues Museum in Clarksdale, Mississippi, United States exists to collect, preserve, and provide public access to and awareness of the blues. Along with holdings of significant blues-related memorabilia, the museum also exhibits and collects art portraying the blues tradition, including works by sculptor Floyd Shaman and photographer Birney Imes. The museum is located in the Yazoo and Mississippi Valley Passenger Depot, also known as Illinois Central Passenger Depot or Clarksdale Passenger Depot, which was built in 1926 and listed on the National Register of Historic Places", "id": "19201111" }, { "contents": "Clarksdale, Mississippi\n\n\nClarksdale is a city in Coahoma County, Mississippi, United States, and seat of the county. The western boundary of the county is formed by the Mississippi River. Located in the Mississippi Delta region, Clarksdale is an agricultural and trading center. It has been home to many blues musicians. Clarksdale is named after John Clark, who founded the city in the mid-19th century. Choctaw and Chickasaw Indians occupied the Delta region prior to the arrival of European settlers. Clarksdale was developed at the former intersection of two Indian routes:", "id": "2119137" }, { "contents": "Education segregation in the Mississippi Delta\n\n\nThe Mississippi Delta region has had the most segregated schools -- and for the longest time—of any part of the United States. As recently as the 2016–2017 school year, East Side High School in Cleveland, Mississippi, was practically all black: 359 of 360 students were African-American. The Delta region of Mississippi is nineteen counties in the northwest of the state, bounded on the west by the Mississippi River and the south by the Yazoo River. It is a poor region of the country's poorest state. In", "id": "13439199" } ]

[ { "contents": "Mississippi Delta National Heritage Area\n\n\nMississippi Delta National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area that seeks to preserve and promote the landscape, culture and history of the Mississippi Delta in the northwestern portion of the U.S. state of Mississippi. The region is famous for blues music and a unique culture that has had broad influence on music and literature, both in the United States and worldwide. The national heritage area comprises Bolivar, Carroll, Coahoma, Desoto, Holmes, Humphreys, Issaquena, Leflore, Panola, Quitman, Sharkey, Tallahatchie, Tate, Tunica", "id": "16296069" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta\n\n\nyears. The land is flat and contains some of the most fertile soil in the world. It is two hundred miles long and seventy miles across at its widest point, encompassing approximately 4,415,000 acres, or, some 7,000 square miles of alluvial floodplain. On the east, it is bounded by bluffs extending beyond the Yazoo River. It includes all or part of the following counties: Washington, Western DeSoto, Humphreys, Carroll, Issaquena, Western Panola, Quitman, Bolivar, Coahoma, Leflore, Sunflower, Sharkey, Tate", "id": "15159893" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta Community College\n\n\nof Mississippi in April 1928. The name was changed to Mississippi Delta Junior College in 1960 and to Mississippi Delta Community College in 1989. The official service area of the college includes Bolivar, Humphreys, Issaquena, Leflore, Sharkey, Sunflower, and Washington counties. Coahoma County was originally in the college's service area, but the Mississippi Legislature removed it effective July 1, 1995, and it is now served by the Coahoma Community College. The main campus is located in Moorhead, Mississippi. Stauffer-Wood Administration Building houses", "id": "21307039" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Gulf Coast National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Mississippi Gulf Coast National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area along the Gulf coast of Mississippi. The designated area comprises six counties recognized for their unique cultural and scenic qualities. The National Heritage Area designation provides a unified marketing and promotional framework for the region. The National Heritage Area comprises Pearl River, Stone, George, Hancock, Harrison and Jackson counties. It includes the Mississippi portion of Gulf Islands National Seashore. The area was devastated by Hurricane Katrina in 2005. Much of the national heritage area's efforts", "id": "16361240" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Hills National Heritage Area\n\n\nMississippi Hills National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the northeastern portion of the U.S. state of Mississippi. The designation commemorates the region's impact on American culture and its role in the American Civil War and the American civil rights movement. The national heritage area designation provides a unified marketing and promotion framework for the area. The national heritage area covers all of Marshall, Benton, Tippah, Alcorn, Tishomingo, Lafayette, Union, Pontotoc, Lee, Itawamba, Calhoun, Chickasaw and Monroe counties, and those", "id": "17388610" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River floods of 2019\n\n\nwith some inundated by 15 feet of water. The Yazoo Backwater Area in the Mississippi Delta north of Vicksburg, Mississippi, experienced both record flood stages and record duration of flooding during the winter, spring, and summer of 2019. Portions of Warren, Issaquena, Sharkey, Yazoo, Humphreys, and Washington Counties were flooded. Almost half of the land area of Issaquena and Sharkey Counties experienced flooding. In late May, flood waters covered over 860 square miles (550,000 acres or 220,000 hectares), including about 390 square miles", "id": "13577492" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta\n\n\n, Tunica, Tallahatchie, Western Holmes, Western Yazoo, Western Grenada and Warren. Lexington is also part of the delta. The shifting river delta at the mouth of the Mississippi on the Gulf Coast lies some 300 miles south of this area, and is referred to as the Mississippi River Delta. The two should not be confused. Chinese began settling in Bolivar County and other Delta counties as plantation workers in the 1870s, though most Delta Chinese families migrated to the state between the 1900s and 1930s. Most Chinese immigrants worked", "id": "15159894" }, { "contents": "George W. Gayles\n\n\n1882, and then again in 1884 and 1886. In the House, he represented the 28th district, which included Bolivar, Coahoma, and Quitman County.In the Senate, he represented the ninth district, including Bolivar, Calhoun, and Sunflower counties. He was also chairman of the Third district Republican Convention in 1886 in Mississippi consisting of Bolivar, Coahoma, Issaquena, Leflore, Sunflower, Sharkey, Tunica, Quitman, Washington, and Warren counties. He was the only black state senator in Mississippi during his terms and", "id": "20783617" }, { "contents": "Coahoma County, Mississippi\n\n\nCoahoma County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 26,151. Its county seat is Clarksdale. The Clarksdale, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area includes all of Coahoma County. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region of Mississippi. Coahoma County was established February 9, 1836, and is located in the northwestern part of the state in the fertile Yazoo Delta region. The name \"Coahoma\" is a Choctaw word meaning \"red panther.\" The act creating the county", "id": "10611425" }, { "contents": "Delta Regional Authority\n\n\nMississippi; Jefferson Davis County, Mississippi; Lawrence County, Mississippi; Leflore County, Mississippi; Lafayette County, Mississippi; Madison County, Mississippi; Marion County, Mississippi; Lincoln County, Mississippi; Montgomery County, Mississippi; Panola County, Mississippi; Marshall County, Mississippi; Quitman County, Mississippi; Rankin County, Mississippi; Pike County, Mississippi; Smith County, Mississippi; Sunflower County, Mississippi; Sharkey County, Mississippi; Simpson County, Mississippi; Tippah County, Mississippi; Tallahatchie County, Mississippi; Tate County", "id": "11170384" }, { "contents": "Delta Regional Authority\n\n\nLouisiana; Winn Parish, Louisiana Mississippi Adams County, Mississippi; Amite County, Mississippi; Attala County, Mississippi; Benton County, Mississippi; Bolivar County, Mississippi; Carroll County, Mississippi; Claiborne County, Mississippi; Coahoma County, Mississippi; Copiah County, Mississippi; Covington County, Mississippi; DeSoto County, Mississippi; Franklin County, Mississippi; Grenada County, Mississippi; Hinds County, Mississippi; Holmes County, Mississippi; Humphreys County, Mississippi; Issaquena County, Mississippi; Jasper County, Mississippi; Jefferson County,", "id": "11170383" }, { "contents": "South Park National Heritage Area\n\n\nSouth Park National Heritage Area is a U.S. National Heritage Area encompassing the South Park of Colorado. Established on March 30, 2009 by the Omnibus Public Land Management Act of 2009 (§7002), the South Park NHA is managed by the Park County, Colorado Office of Tourism to promote and interpret the area's natural, scenic, and cultural resources. The National Heritage Area designation funds promotion of the area's mining, recreation, and ranching heritage. The National Heritage Area covers the majority of Park County, including the", "id": "8157140" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Civil Rights Museum\n\n\n2017, the Mississippi Department of Archives and History brought in Pam Junior as the new museum Director. Junior came from the Smith Robertson Museum and Cultural Center in Jackson, where she had been manager since 1999. Junior is a member of the board of directors for the Mississippi Delta National Heritage Area and Mississippi Book Festival and a co-founder of the Mississippi Black Theater Festival The museum hired Hilferty & Associates to design exhibits for the museum, which were fabricated by Exhibit Concepts. Monadnock Media designed the audio portions of the exhibits", "id": "6914076" }, { "contents": "Leflore County, Mississippi\n\n\nLeflore County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 32,317. The county seat is Greenwood. The county is named for Choctaw leader Greenwood LeFlore, who signed a treaty to cede his people's land to the United States in exchange for land in Indian Territory. LeFlore stayed in Mississippi, settling on land reserved for him in Tallahatchie County. Leflore County is part of the Greenwood, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region, with", "id": "10611085" }, { "contents": "Tallahatchie County, Mississippi\n\n\nTallahatchie County is a county in the U.S. state of Mississippi. At the 2010 census, the population was 15,378. Its county seats are Charleston and Sumner. Tallahatchie County is located in the Mississippi Delta region, divided by the Tallahatchie River which runs from north to south through the county before joining what becomes the Yazoo River in LeFlore County. The county was founded on December 31, 1833 after most of the Choctaw Nation was forced out under Indian Removal. Tallahatchie is a Choctaw name meaning \"rock of waters\". The", "id": "10555589" }, { "contents": "National Coal Heritage Area\n\n\nThe National Coal Heritage Area (NCHA) is a federally designated region of thirteen counties in West Virginia that were the source of \"smokeless\" bituminous coal through much of the 20th century. The National Heritage Area recognizes the area's cultural and historic qualities and serves to promote tourism, historic preservation and economic development in the region. The idea of the NCHA was first proposed in the early 1990s by Congressman Nick Rahall, and was established on November 12, 1996 by the 1996 Omnibus Parks and Public Lands Management Act. The", "id": "8963174" }, { "contents": "Muscle Shoals National Heritage Area\n\n\nMuscle Shoals National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the northwestern portion of the U.S. state of Alabama. It is centered on the portion of the Tennessee River around Muscle Shoals and interprets the region's history and culture. Muscle Shoals National Heritage Area comprises Lauderdale, Limestone, Colbert, Franklin, Lawrence and Morgan counties. Significant features of the heritage area include Wheeler Dam, Wilson Dam, Ivy Green, Rosenbaum House, Barton Hall and the northern end of the Natchez Trace. Muscle Shoals National Heritage Area was", "id": "16977602" }, { "contents": "Deer Creek (Mississippi)\n\n\nDeer Creek (also Issaquena Creek or Lower Deer Creek) is a creek in the U.S. state of Mississippi. Its source is Lake Bolivar, in Scott, Bolivar County, Mississippi. As Deer Creek flows south through the Mississippi Delta, it passes through the following counties: Bolivar, Washington, Sharkey, Issaquena, and Warren; and through the following communities: Metcalfe, Stoneville, Leland, Burdett, Arcola, Hollandale, Panther Burn, Nitta Yuma, Anguilla, Rolling Fork, Cary, Onward, and Valley Park.", "id": "1520113" }, { "contents": "Money, Mississippi\n\n\nMoney is an unincorporated Mississippi Delta community near Greenwood in Leflore County, Mississippi, United States. It has fewer than 100 residents, down from 400 in the early 1950s when a cotton mill operated there. Money is located on a railroad line along the Tallahatchie River, a tributary of the Yazoo River in the eastern part of the Mississippi Delta. The community has ZIP code 38945 in the Greenwood, Mississippi micropolitan area. Money is the site of the 1955 lynching of 14-year-old Emmett Till by white men, an event", "id": "15040548" }, { "contents": "Sharkey County, Mississippi\n\n\nSharkey County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. Part of the western border is formed by the Yazoo River. According to the 2010 census, the population was 4,916, making it the second-least populous county in Mississippi. Its county seat is Rolling Fork. The county is named after William L. Sharkey, the provisional Governor of Mississippi in 1865. Sharkey County is located in the Mississippi Delta region. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of , of which is land", "id": "10555635" }, { "contents": "Oil Region National Heritage Area\n\n\nOil Region National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the northwestern portion of the U.S. state of Pennsylvania. The national heritage area commemorates and promotes the region surrounding Edwin Drake's oil well of 1859 near Titusville, which gave rise to the modern oil industry. The national heritage area includes all of Venango County and a portion of Crawford County, including Titusville and Oil Creek Township The Oil Region National Heritage Area was established by Public Law 108-447 in 2004. It is administered by the Oil Region Alliance.", "id": "17389123" }, { "contents": "Delta National Forest\n\n\nDelta National Forest is a U.S. National Forest in western Mississippi, located in Sharkey County, and has an area of . Delta is operated as the Sunflower Wildlife Management Area. The forest is headquartered in Jackson, as are all six National Forests in Mississippi, but Delta Ranger District office is located in Rolling Fork. It is one of only six National Forests that are contained entirely within a single county and the only bottomland hardwood forest in the National Forest system. The Green Ash-Overcup Oak-Sweetgum Research Natural Areas within", "id": "3631940" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\ninfluences in the Mississippi River Delta. They continue to shape preferences of food, music, and art, as well as to maintain the unique identities existing in the southernmost parts of the region. Both cultures speak a form of French; but they are considered to be autonomous and distinct dialects. From 1910–1920, New Orleans became the birthplace of jazz and since has continued its legacy of being home to budding musicians and new musical experiences, tying music directly to its unique culture and diverse heritage. The origins of jazz and blues", "id": "16619580" }, { "contents": "Journey Through Hallowed Ground National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Journey Through Hallowed Ground National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in portions of Pennsylvania, West Virginia, Maryland and Virginia, in the eastern United States. The Journey Through Hallowed Ground National Heritage Area was established on May 8, 2008 by Public Law 110-229, the Consolidated Natural Resources Act of 2008.The designation provides a framework for the promotion and interpretation of the area's cultural and historic character, with particular emphasis on the region's role in the American Civil War, and the preservation of the natural", "id": "13516660" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta\n\n\nThe Mississippi Delta, also known as the Yazoo-Mississippi Delta, is the distinctive northwest section of the U.S. state of Mississippi (and portions of Arkansas and Louisiana) which lies between the Mississippi and Yazoo Rivers. The region has been called \"The Most Southern Place on Earth\" (\"Southern\" in the sense of \"characteristic of its region, the American South\"), because of its unique racial, cultural, and economic history. It is long and across at its widest point, encompassing about , or", "id": "15159888" }, { "contents": "Freedom's Way National Heritage Area\n\n\nFreedom's Way National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing portions of northern Massachusetts and southern New Hampshire. The heritage area includes sites significant to the American Revolution, cultural sites associated with Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau, and Native American sites. The heritage area seeks to preserve the region's landscape and historic structures. The National Heritage Area includes Minute Man National Historical Park, portions of Middlesex and Worcester counties in Massachusetts, and portions of Hillsborough County, New Hampshire, an area including a total of", "id": "14966358" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta\n\n\nside of the Mississippi River, another area of high poverty). The 1990s state legalization of casino gambling in Mississippi has boosted the Delta's economy, particularly in the areas of Tunica and Vicksburg. A large cultural influence in the region is its history of hunting and fishing. Hunting in the Delta is primarily for game such as whitetail deer, wild turkey, and waterfowl, along with many small game species (squirrel, rabbit, dove, quail, raccoon, etc.) For many years, the hunting and fishing", "id": "15159912" }, { "contents": "Baltimore National Heritage Area\n\n\nBaltimore National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing portions of Baltimore, Maryland, USA. The designated area includes the central portion of the city, waterfront, inner neighborhoods and portions of the city's park system. The district includes Fort McHenry and the Inner Harbor, as well as portions of the Charles Street, Falls Road, National Historic Seaport and Star Spangled Banner Maryland Scenic Byways. The Baltimore National Heritage Area was established on March 30, 2009 by the Omnibus Public Land Management Act of 2009 (§", "id": "8582841" }, { "contents": "B.B. King Museum\n\n\nThe B.B. King Museum and Delta Interpretive Center is a Delta blues museum with the mission to \"empower, unite and heal through music, art and education and share with the world the rich cultural heritage of the Mississippi Delta.\" The museum, named for blues legend, B.B. King, is located in his hometown of Indianola, Mississippi, in the United States. The B.B. King Museum and Delta Interpretive Center opened in Indianola Mississippi on September 13, 2008. The museum features a restored brick cotton gin building in which B.B.", "id": "17262603" }, { "contents": "Louise, Mississippi\n\n\nLouise is a town in Humphreys County, Mississippi. The population was 199 at the 2010 census, down from 315 at the 2000 census. Louise is located in southern Humphreys County at (32.981549, -90.591624), along Silver Creek in the Mississippi Delta region. Mississippi Highway 149 passes just east of the town, leading north to U.S. Route 49W at Silver City and south via Mississippi Highway 16 to Yazoo City. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town of Louise has a total area of , all land.", "id": "2222822" }, { "contents": "Arkansas Delta\n\n\nblues and gospel traditions. The East Central Delta area has produced a small number of talented and influential R&B artists. Arkansas's blues Influence, shares a rich heritage with Mississippi and Memphis, Tennessee. Arkansas was home to numerous blues masters, who are held in high esteem by newer generations learning blues history. Arkansas blues artists influenced decades of pop culture music by such artists as Muddy Waters, Little Milton, B.B. King, Eric Clapton, Jeff Beck, Joe Bonamassa, Stevie Ray Vaughan, George Harrison and the Rolling Stones", "id": "6558115" }, { "contents": "Cruger, Mississippi\n\n\nCruger is a town in Holmes County, Mississippi, United States. The population was 386 at the 2010 census, down from 449 at the 2000 census. Cruger is in the northwest corner of Holmes County, in the Mississippi Delta region along U.S. Route 49E. Greenwood is north of Cruger via US 49E, and Yazoo City is to the south. According to the United States Census Bureau, Cruger has a total area of , all land. As of the census of 2000, there were 449 people, 161 households, and", "id": "2222747" }, { "contents": "Carroll County, Mississippi\n\n\nCarroll County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 10,597. Its county seats are Carollton and Vaiden. The county is named for Charles Carroll of Carrollton, the last surviving signatory of the U.S. Declaration of Independence. Carroll County is part of the Greenwood, Micropolitan Statistical Area. Bordered by the Yazoo River on the west and the Big Black River to the east, it is considered within the Mississippi Delta region. Most of its land is in the hill country", "id": "10611479" }, { "contents": "Minter City, Mississippi\n\n\nMinter City is an unincorporated community located in Leflore County and in Tallahatchie County, Mississippi. It is part of the Greenwood, Mississippi micropolitan area, and is within the Mississippi Delta. Mississippi Highway 8 intersects U.S. Route 49E southwest of Minter City, and the Tallahatchie River flows to the east. There is a post office located on U.S. Route 49E, with a ZIP code of 38944. Variant names for the original settlement were \"Walnut Place Landing\" and \"Minter City Landing\". Spanish explorer Hernando de Soto may have", "id": "12467995" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta AVA\n\n\nThe Mississippi Delta AVA is an American Viticultural Area on the left (east) bank of the Mississippi River, between Memphis, Tennessee, and Vicksburg, Mississippi. It includes portions of the Mississippi Delta and the watershed of the lower Mississippi River in the U.S. states of Louisiana (west bank), Mississippi, and Tennessee. Since the creation of the AVA in 1984, there has been very little viticulture in the Mississippi Delta region. Mississippi State University established an enology laboratory to research grape cultivation in the area, but little", "id": "16585963" }, { "contents": "Greenwood, Mississippi\n\n\nGreenwood is a city in and the county seat of Leflore County, Mississippi, located at the eastern edge of the Mississippi Delta, approximately 96 miles north of the state capital, Jackson, Mississippi, and 130 miles south of the riverport of Memphis, Tennessee. It was a center of cotton planter culture in the 19th century. The population was 16,087 at the 2010 census. It is the principal city of the Greenwood Micropolitan Statistical Area. Greenwood developed at the confluence of the Tallahatchie and the Yalobusha rivers, which form the", "id": "3378194" }, { "contents": "Bolivar County, Mississippi\n\n\nBolivar County ( ) is a county located on the western border of the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 34,145. Its county seats are Rosedale and Cleveland. The county is named in honor of Simón Bolívar, early 19th-century leader of the liberation of several South American colonies from Spain. The Cleveland, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area includes all of Bolivar County. It is located in the Mississippi Delta, or Yazoo Basin, of Mississippi. This area was first developed for cotton plantations", "id": "10611493" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nmusic in the region is closely connected to the Mississippi River and the delta, as the location allowed for an influx of cultural influences, including blues and bluegrass music from upriver, to the African and Latin folk hymns and music from the Caribbean islands. The delta is still synonymous with the sounds of jazz, funk and zydeco and remains to be an important cultural hub for new sounds and music, bringing thousands to the area every year to experience the lifestyle and participate in the natural rhythms of the area. The region is", "id": "16619581" }, { "contents": "Essex National Heritage Commission\n\n\nThe Essex National Heritage Commission (ENHC) is a non-profit organization charted to oversee the Essex National Heritage Area, a National Heritage Area composed of all of Essex County, Massachusetts. The commission promotes the cultural heritage with public and private partnerships and with the National Park Service by developing programs that enhance, preserve and encourage regional awareness of the area's unique historic, cultural and natural resources. The commission is based in Salem. The organization has sponsored a number of events and programs that celebrate the region’s history,", "id": "16440799" }, { "contents": "Blue Ridge National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Blue Ridge National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing the twenty-five westernmost counties of North Carolina, which are associated with the Blue Ridge Mountains. The designation provides a framework for the promotion and interpretation of the area's cultural and historic character, and the preservation of the natural and built environment. The National Heritage Area includes the North Carolina portions of Great Smoky Mountains National Park and the Blue Ridge Parkway. Other attractions include Mount Mitchell in Pisgah National Forest, Nantahala National Forest and the North Carolina", "id": "9719864" }, { "contents": "Poverty Point\n\n\nPoverty Point State Historic Site (; 16 WC 5) is a prehistoric earthwork constructed by the Poverty Point culture. The Poverty Point site is located in present-day northeastern Louisiana though evidence of the Poverty Point culture extends throughout much of the Southeastern United States. The culture extended across the Mississippi Delta and south to the Gulf Coast. The Poverty Point site has been designated as a U.S. National Monument, a U.S. National Historic Landmark, and UNESCO World Heritage Site. Located in the Southern United States, the site is from the", "id": "10100047" }, { "contents": "Geography of Arkansas\n\n\nState Park, Delta Heritage Trail State Park, Felsenthal National Wildlife Refuge, Lake Chicot State Park, Mississippi River State Park, Overflow National Wildlife Refuge and White River National Wildlife Refuge. The flat topography and fertile soils of Southeast Arkansas have been important to the region throughout its history, first to the Native American that inhabited the region. This history is available today at museums like the Pine Bluff/Jefferson County Historical Museum. The area was one of the first explored and settled in Arkansas; including the territorial capital at Arkansas", "id": "17334085" }, { "contents": "Tchula, Mississippi\n\n\nhad vanished, partly due to increased use of machines in agriculture. Many businesses formerly in the town had disappeared. Tchula is in western Holmes County along Tchula Lake, an old river channel in the Mississippi Delta region of the state. U.S. Route 49E passes through the center of town, leading north to Greenwood and southwest to Yazoo. Mississippi Highway 12 leads southeast from Tchula to Lexington, the Holmes County seat. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of , of which , or 2.31", "id": "2222794" }, { "contents": "Freedom's Frontier National Heritage Area\n\n\nFreedom's Frontier National Heritage Area, Inc. (FFNHA) is a federally designated U.S. National Heritage Area located in eastern Kansas and Western Missouri. This heritage area preserves, conserves, and interprets historic and cultural landscapes pertaining to: the shaping of the frontier, the Missouri-Kansas Border War, and the enduring struggle for freedom. FFNHA was authorized on October 12, 2006, with the passage of the National Heritage Areas Act of 2006. The management plan for the heritage area was approved by the Board of Trustees on June", "id": "353294" }, { "contents": "Sunflower County, Mississippi\n\n\nSunflower County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 29,450. Its largest city and county seat is Indianola. Sunflower County comprises the Indianola, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is included in the Cleveland-Indianola, MS Combined Statistical Area. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region. Sunflower Country was created in 1844. The land mass encompassed most of Sunflower and Leflore Counties as we know them today. The first seat of government was Clayton, located near", "id": "10555603" }, { "contents": "Atchafalaya National Heritage Area\n\n\nAtchafalaya National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing parts of fourteen parishes along the Atchafalaya River in the U.S. State of Louisiana. The heritage area extends the length of the Atchafalaya Basin from the area of Ferriday in the north to the river's mouth beyond Morgan City. The National Heritage Area is divided into four regions: Upper, Between 2 Rivers, Bayou Teche Corridor and the Coastal Zone. The designation provides a framework for the promotion and interpretation of the area's cultural and historic character, and the preservation", "id": "9171577" }, { "contents": "Niagara Falls National Heritage Area\n\n\nNiagara Falls National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing the Niagara Falls region of the U.S. State of New York. The heritage area includes the communities of Niagara Falls, Youngstown and Lewiston. The designation provides a framework for the promotion and interpretation of the area's cultural and historic character, and the preservation of the natural and built environment. The heritage area designation recognizes the area's importance to Native Americans, to early European explorers of America, the American Revolution, the War of 1812 and the area's", "id": "9115304" }, { "contents": "Warren County, Mississippi\n\n\nWarren County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 48,773. Its county seat is Vicksburg. Created by legislative act of 22 December 1809, Warren County is named for American Revolutionary War officer Joseph Warren. Part of the Mississippi Delta and the historic cotton culture, Warren County is included in the Vicksburg, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Jackson-Vicksburg-Brookhaven, MS Combined Statistical Area. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the", "id": "10555530" }, { "contents": "Greenwood, Mississippi micropolitan area\n\n\nThe Greenwood Micropolitan Statistical Area is a micropolitan area in the northwestern Delta region of Mississippi that covers two counties - Leflore and Carroll. As of the 2000 census, the μSA had a population of 48,716 (though a July 1, 2009 estimate placed the population at 44,841). As of the census of 2000, there were 48,716 people, 17,027 households, and 11,956 families residing within the μSA. The racial makeup of the μSA was 37.22% White, 60.85% African American, 0.10% Native American, 0.54% Asian", "id": "8919330" }, { "contents": "James Thomas (blues musician)\n\n\n\". In 1985, his work was featured in the prestigious Corcoran Gallery in Washington, D.C., where he was introduced to Nancy Reagan, then the First Lady. Thomas's skulls are on display in the Delta Blues Museum, in Clarksdale, Mississippi, and the Highway 61 Blues Museum, in Leland, Mississippi. Thomas played at numerous blues festivals and private parties throughout the area, including the Mississippi Delta Blues and Heritage Festival in Greenville. In the 1970s, Eddie Cusic performed with Thomas at regular engagements. Together they", "id": "17330513" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nand is an important coastal region for the United States, containing more than of coastal wetlands and 37% of the estuarine marsh in the conterminous U.S. The coastal area is the nation's largest drainage basin and drains about 41% of the contiguous United States into the Gulf of Mexico at an average rate of . The modern Mississippi River Delta formed over the last approximately 4,500 years as the Mississippi River deposited sand, clay and silt along its banks and in adjacent basins. The Mississippi River Delta is a river-dominated delta system", "id": "16619564" }, { "contents": "Arabia Mountain National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Arabia Mountain National Heritage Area is a National Heritage Area in the U.S. state of Georgia that encompasses natural, cultural, and historical elements to form a cohesive, nationally significant environment. The area is due east of Atlanta and spans reaching from the historic commercial center of Lithonia to the Monastery of the Holy Spirit in Conyers, including a number of sites in between, including Panola Mountain State Park, Davidson-Arabia Mountain Nature Preserve, the Mall at Stonecrest, and more. The Heritage Area was established in 2006, and", "id": "352970" }, { "contents": "Sangre de Cristo National Heritage Area\n\n\nSangre de Cristo National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the south central portion of the U.S. state of Colorado. The heritage area includes the San Luis Valley and portions of the Sangre de Cristo Range. The region combines influences of Anglo-American, Hispano-American and Native American influences. It also includes portions of the upper Rio Grande valley. The national heritage area includes Alamosa, Costilla, and Conejos counties, and portions of Saguache and Rio Grande counties. It also includes within its boundaries Great Sand", "id": "17389640" }, { "contents": "Delta State–Mississippi College football rivalry\n\n\nThe Delta State–Mississippi College football rivalry, commonly known as the Heritage Bell Classic, is a college football rivalry game between a public university and a private Christian college in the U.S. state of Mississippi, the Delta State University Statesmen and the Mississippi College Choctaws. The current winner is Delta State, who won, 28–21, on November 10, 2018. Delta State leads the all-time series, 22–15–2. The Delta State Statesmen were co-founding members of the Gulf South Conference in 1970. Mississippi College joined the", "id": "15797675" }, { "contents": "Delta blues\n\n\nDelta blues is one of the earliest-known styles of blues music. It originated in the Mississippi Delta, a region of the U.S. stretching from Memphis, Tennessee, in the north to Vicksburg, Mississippi, in the south and from Helena, Arkansas, in the west to the Yazoo River in the east. The Mississippi Delta is famous for its fertile soil and for its poverty. Delta blues is regarded as a regional variant of country blues. Guitar and harmonica are its dominant instruments; slide guitar is a hallmark of", "id": "7794018" }, { "contents": "Arkansas Delta\n\n\na decline. Charles Bowden of \"National Geographic\" wrote, \"By 1970 the sharecropping world was already disappearing, and the landscape of today—huge fields, giant machines, battered towns, few people—beginning to emerge.\" The Arkansas Delta is known for its rich musical heritage. While defined primarily by its deep blues/gospel roots, it is distinguished somewhat from its Mississippi Delta counterpart by more intricately interwoven country music and R&B elements. Arkansas blues musicians have defined every genre of blues from its inception, including", "id": "6558110" }, { "contents": "Greenwood High School (Mississippi)\n\n\nGreenwood High School is a public high school located in Greenwood, Leflore County, in the U.S. state of Mississippi. The school is part of the Greenwood Public School District. Greenwood, Mississippi, is a town of slightly over 15,000 residents located on the banks of the Yazoo River about south of Memphis, Tennessee, and about north of Jackson, Mississippi. The city and county are named after Greenwood Leflore, the designated leader of the Choctaw nation who ceded Mississippi land under pressure of the 1830 Indian Removal Act to the United", "id": "4541464" }, { "contents": "Upper Housatonic Valley National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Upper Housatonic Valley National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the U.S. states of Connecticut and Massachusetts. The heritage area interprets and promotes the historical, cultural and scenic features of the upper Housatonic River valley in the western part of both states. The heritage area focuses on five themes: the area's role as a resort for writers, artists, actors and musicians, the scenic landscape, the area's role in industry, the American Revolutionary War, and the social and religious groups associated with the area", "id": "17597179" }, { "contents": "National Heritage Area\n\n\nA National Heritage Area is a site designated by United States and intended to encourage historic preservation of the area and an appreciation of the history and heritage of the site. There are currently 55 National Heritage Areas, some of which use variations of the title, such as National Heritage Corridor. National Heritage Areas (NHAs) are not National Park Service units or federally owned or managed land. NHAs are administered by state governments or non-profit organizations or other private corporations, referred to as \"local coordinating entities\". The", "id": "2301876" }, { "contents": "Lackawanna Heritage Valley National and State Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Lackawanna Heritage Valley National and State Heritage Area is a state and federally designated National Heritage Area in northeastern Pennsylvania. It was initially established in 1991 as the first State Heritage Park in Pennsylvania, and was additionally designated a National Heritage Area in 2000. The designations recognize the area's heritage of industry, architecture, history and natural resources, and provide a framework for development and promotion of these features. The Lackawanna Heritage Valley National and State Heritage Area is managed by the Lackawanna Heritage Valley Authority, or LHVA. The National", "id": "16220344" }, { "contents": "Kenai Mountains – Turnagain Arm National Heritage Area\n\n\nKenai Mountains – Turnagain Arm National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the U.S. state of Alaska. The heritage area extends across the northern part of the Kenai Peninsula, immediately to the north and east of Kenai Fjords National Park. The designation recognizes the area's unique cultural, scenic and historical features and provides a unified organization for promotion of the area's attractions. The Kenai Mountains – Turnagain Arm National Heritage Area (KMTA) includes the road corridor between Seward and Hope and Whittier, from Resurrection Bay in", "id": "16167272" }, { "contents": "Mayersville, Mississippi\n\n\nMayersville is a town on the east bank of the Mississippi River, and the county seat for Issaquena County, Mississippi, United States. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region, known for cotton cultivation in the antebellum era. Once the trading center for the county, the town was superseded when railroads were built into the area. The population of the majority-black town was 547 at the 2010 census, down from 795 at the 2000 census. Native Americans had lived in this area since prehistoric times. The Mayersville", "id": "2222833" }, { "contents": "Crenshaw, Mississippi\n\n\nCrenshaw is a town in Panola and Quitman counties in the U.S. state of Mississippi. The population was 916 at the 2000 census. Crenshaw is located at (34.502661, -90.195841). Most of the town is in Panola County with a small portion on the west side in Quitman County. In the 2000 census, 697 of the town's 916 residents (76.1%) lived in Panola County and 219 (23.9%) in Quitman County. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of", "id": "17931693" }, { "contents": "Panola County, Mississippi\n\n\nPanola County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 34,707. Its county seats are Sardis and Batesville. Panola is the anglicization of \"ponolo\", a word meaning thread in both old Choctaw and Chickasaw and cotton in modern Choctaw. The county is located just east of the Mississippi Delta and bisected by the Tallahatchie River flowing to the southwest, separating the two county seats. Panola County was established February 9, 1836, and is one of the twelve large", "id": "10555705" }, { "contents": "MotorCities National Heritage Area\n\n\nMotorCities National Heritage Area or Motor Cities National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area that commemorates and promotes the automobile industry in Metro Detroit, with portions of 16 counties in southern Michigan, United States. The scope of the heritage area includes sites and events relating to the motor industry as well as the industry's impact on labor, society and the environment. The heritage area comprises more than 1200 automotive-related sites, including the Henry Ford Museum, Fair Lane, various Ford plants, the Automotive Hall of Fame", "id": "16976479" }, { "contents": "Great Basin National Heritage Area\n\n\nGreat Basin National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in Nevada and Utah, including White Pine County, Nevada and Millard County, Utah. The area was designated to recognize and promote the scenic and cultural resources associated with this central portion of the Great Basin. The National Heritage Area includes Great Basin National Park and portions of Humboldt-Toiyabe and Fishlake National Forests, as well as Fort Deseret, Sevier Lake and the Topaz War Relocation Center. Great Basin National Heritage Area was designated on October 13, 2006.", "id": "15909144" }, { "contents": "Crowder, Mississippi\n\n\nCrowder is a town in Panola and Quitman counties in the state of Mississippi. The population was 766 at the 2000 census. Most of Crowder is in Quitman County with a portion on the east in adjacent Panola County. In the 2000 census, 462 of the town's 766 residents (60.3%) lived in Quitman County and 304 (39.7%) in Panola County. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 0.4 square miles (1.2 km², all land. As of the", "id": "17931698" }, { "contents": "Rivers of Steel National Heritage Area\n\n\nRivers of Steel National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in southwestern Pennsylvania, centered on Pittsburgh and oriented around the interpretation and promotion of the region's steel-making heritage. The area roughly covers the valleys of the Ohio, Monongahela and lower Allegheny rivers. Major interpretive locations include the Carrie Furnace, Pinkerton's Landing Bridge and other features of the Homestead Steel Works. The national heritage area comprises Allegheny, Armstrong, Beaver, Butler, Greene, Fayette, Washington and Westmoreland counties. Rivers of Steel National Heritage", "id": "17389345" }, { "contents": "Crowley's Ridge Parkway\n\n\nroute which allowed the traveler to experience the Southern heritage of the area. The National Scenic Byway designation came the following year, with an extension into Missouri in 2000. The majority of the route is in Arkansas, and the parkway begins in Phillips County, Arkansas, in Helena-West Helena very near the Helena Bridge over the Mississippi River. Beginning at US Route 49 (US 49) and running north with US 49 Business (US 49B), the route passes historic properties including the Delta Cultural Center, the Jerome", "id": "1149985" }, { "contents": "Issaquena County, Mississippi\n\n\nIssaquena County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 1,406, making it the least populous county in the United States east of the Mississippi River. Its county seat is Mayersville. With a per-capita income of $18,598, Issaquena County is the poorest county in the United States. Issaquena County is located in the Mississippi Delta region. The Mississippi River flows along the entire western boundary of the county, and many of the earliest communities were river ports.", "id": "10611264" }, { "contents": "Delta Regional Authority\n\n\n, Mississippi; Tunica County, Mississippi; Union County, Mississippi; Walthall County, Mississippi; Warren County, Mississippi; Washington County, Mississippi; Wilkinson County, Mississippi; Yalobusha County, Mississippi; Yazoo County, Mississippi Missouri Bollinger County, Missouri; Butler County, Missouri; Cape Girardeau County, Missouri; Carter County, Missouri; Crawford County, Missouri; Dent County, Missouri; Douglas County, Missouri; Dunklin County, Missouri; Howell County, Missouri; Iron County, Missouri; Madison County, Missouri; Mississippi", "id": "11170385" }, { "contents": "Tunica County, Mississippi\n\n\nTunica County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 10,778. Its county seat is Tunica. The county is named for the Tunica Native Americans. Most migrated to central Louisiana during the colonial period. Tunica County is part of the Memphis, TN-MS-AR Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region. Since the late 20th century, it is known for Tunica Resorts (formerly Robinsonville), an unincorporated community that is the site", "id": "10555567" }, { "contents": "Emmett Till\n\n\nin the Mississippi Delta are memorialized as associated with Till. Emmett Till was born in 1941 in Chicago; he was the son of Mamie Carthan (1921–2003) and Louis Till (1922–1945). Emmett's mother Mamie was born in the small Delta town of Webb, Mississippi. The Delta region encompasses the large, multi-county area of northwestern Mississippi in the watershed of the Yazoo and Mississippi rivers. When Carthan was two years old, her family moved to Argo, Illinois, as part of the Great Migration of rural", "id": "2570054" }, { "contents": "History of New Orleans\n\n\nUnion during the Civil War. With its rich and unique cultural and architectural heritage, it remains a major destination for tourism, conventions, and major sports events, even after the major destruction and loss of life resulting from Hurricane Katrina in 2005. The land mass that was to become the city of New Orleans was formed around 2200 BC when the Mississippi River deposited silt creating the delta region. Before Europeans founded the settlement, the area was inhabited by Native Americans for about 1300 years. The Mississippian culture peoples built mounds and", "id": "3084005" }, { "contents": "B.B. King Museum\n\n\nKing worked in the 1940s. The museum also contains an extensive collection of artifacts owned by King and displays exhibits about his life and the lives of other musicians of the delta region and the culture where the blues arose. The museum commemorates the famous blues artist, B.B King, who was from the Mississippi Delta. The museum has multiple exhibits highlighting King's Delta Blue music. Exhibits include interactive exhibits, King memorabilia, and stories. The museum seeks to help preserve Delta Blues and its culture by promoting its importance. In", "id": "17262604" }, { "contents": "Missouri Bootheel\n\n\nwrites: Given the population in the area, even a moderately sized earthquake would be disastrous. The Bootheel (pronounced Boothill in the region) is on the edge of the Mississippi Delta culture that produced the Delta blues. Its relatively large black population makes it distinct from the rest of rural Missouri. The area has a unique rural black culture reflected in its music, churches and other traditions. The black population ranges from about 26% in Pemiscot County, to 15% in New Madrid County, and about 9% in", "id": "12618286" }, { "contents": "Moorhead, Mississippi\n\n\nMoorhead is a city in Sunflower County, Mississippi. As of the 2000 census, the city population was 2,573. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of , of which is land and 0.77% is water. Moorhead is along U.S. Route 82, east of Indianola. Moorhead is located at the intersection of the Southern and Yazoo Delta railroads. This is the origin of the legendary blues crossroads phrase \"where the Southern cross the Dog\". As of the 2010 United States Census,", "id": "2223816" }, { "contents": "Blanche Bruce\n\n\nsteamboat porter on the Mississippi River. In 1864, he moved to Hannibal, Missouri, where he established a school for black children. In 1868, during Reconstruction, Bruce relocated to Bolivar near Cleveland in northwestern Mississippi, at which he purchased a Mississippi Delta plantation. He became a wealthy landowner of several thousand acres in the Mississippi Delta. He was appointed to the positions of Tallahatchie County registrar of voters and tax assessor before he won an election for sheriff in Bolivar County. He later was elected to other county positions,", "id": "13640962" }, { "contents": "Delta, Mississippi\n\n\nDelta is a ghost town in Coahoma County, Mississippi, United States. Once a thriving port on the Mississippi River, Delta today is covered by farmland and a portion of the Mississippi Levee. Nothing remains of the original settlement. The county seat was moved from Port Royal to Delta in 1842. In 1844, Delta was surveyed and laid off into lots. The town had a population of about 700, and was a busy steamboat port. Delta incorporated in 1848. That same year, the river flooded the town,", "id": "8584565" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nbenefits that are unique to the region. These vital resources are at constant risk of being lost with the continual land loss and the decreasing size of the natural coastal area. The Mississippi River Delta has a strong economy which relies heavily on tourism and recreational activities such as fishing, hunting and wildlife watching as well as commercial fishing, oil, gas, and shipping industries. There are a number of major industries in the Mississippi River Delta that drive the local and national economy, including: In total, the five Gulf Coast", "id": "16619584" }, { "contents": "Holmes County, Mississippi\n\n\nHolmes County is a county in the U.S. state of Mississippi; its western border is formed by the Yazoo River and the eastern border by the Big Black River. The western part of the county is within the Yazoo-Mississippi Delta. As of the 2010 census, the population was 19,198. Its county seat is Lexington. The county is named in honor of David Holmes, territorial governor and the first governor of the state of Mississippi and later United States Senator for Mississippi. A favorite son, Edmond Favor Noel, was", "id": "10611282" }, { "contents": "Greenville, Mississippi\n\n\nGreenville is a city in, and the county seat of, Washington County, Mississippi, United States. The population was 34,400 at the 2010 census. It is located in the area of historic cotton plantations and culture known as the Mississippi Delta. This area was occupied by indigenous peoples for thousands of years. When the French explored here, they encountered the historic Natchez people. As part of their colony known as \"La Louisiane\", the French established a settlement at what became Natchez, Mississippi. Other Native American tribes", "id": "2224007" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nartery. In addition to shipping, local and commercial fisheries continued to expand. The discovery of vast oil and gas deposits brought further economic and environmental changes to the delta. Despite these profound changes, the delta today remains very much rooted in the vibrant cultural and social traditions of its residents. The Mississippi River Delta is home to more than two million people. The location of the delta at the mouth of the Mississippi River allowed for the area to be a cultural gateway into the United States, and influenced the mix of", "id": "16619576" }, { "contents": "Essex Heritage\n\n\nEssex Heritage is a non-profit organization charted to promote the cultural heritage of Essex County in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. Working with both public and private partnerships and with the National Park Service, the group supports and develops programs that enhance, preserve and encourage regional awareness of the area’s unique historic, cultural and natural resources. Headquartered in Salem, Massachusetts, the Commission services the 34 communities of Essex County. It has been recognized by the United States Congress in recognition of the important role that this region played in American", "id": "16609234" }, { "contents": "Washington County, Mississippi\n\n\nWashington County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 51,137. Its county seat is Greenville. The county is named in honor of the first President of the United States, George Washington. The Greenville, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area includes all of Washington County. It is located in the Mississippi Delta. Located in the Mississippi Delta, Washington County was first developed for cotton cultivation in the antebellum years. Most plantations were developed to have access to the rivers, which", "id": "10555522" }, { "contents": "Mississippi\n\n\nIsland. The northwest remainder of the state consists of the Mississippi Delta, a section of the Mississippi Alluvial Plain. The plain is narrow in the south and widens north of Vicksburg. The region has rich soil, partly made up of silt which had been regularly deposited by the flood waters of the Mississippi River. Areas under the management of the National Park Service include: Mississippi City Population Rankings of at least 50,000 (United States Census Bureau as of 2017): Mississippi City Population Rankings of at least 20,000 but fewer than", "id": "21293458" }, { "contents": "Belzoni, Mississippi\n\n\nBelzoni ( ) is a city in Humphreys County, Mississippi, in the Mississippi Delta region, on the Yazoo River. The population was 2,235 at the 2010 census. It is the county seat of Humphreys County. It was named for the 19th-century Italian archaeologist/explorer Giovanni Battista Belzoni. The area was named Farm-Raised Catfish Capital of the World in 1976 by then Governor Cliff Finch, since it produces more farm-raised catfish than any other U.S. county. About of the county are under water in ponds", "id": "2222804" }, { "contents": "2011 Mississippi River floods\n\n\nfrom Vicksburg was cut off for more than two weeks. U.S. Highway 61 between Vicksburg and Port Gibson was closed by backwater flooding along the Big Black River on May 12; it reopened June 1. Another portion of U.S. Highway 61 near Redwood was closed by backwater flooding along the Yazoo River on May 13 and was closed until June 3. In anticipation of major flooding, the U.S. federal government declared 14 counties along the Mississippi River, the Thames River: Adams, Bolivar, Claiborne, Coahoma, DeSoto, Humphreys, Issaquena", "id": "8214155" }, { "contents": "Memphis, Tennessee\n\n\nother places in the world could offer cheaper labor, and the workforce was undereducated for today's challenges. The Memphis Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA), the 42nd largest in the United States, has a 2010 population of 1,316,100 and includes the Tennessee counties of Shelby, Tipton and Fayette; as well as the northern Mississippi counties of DeSoto, Marshall, Tate, and Tunica; and Crittenden County, Arkansas, all part of the Mississippi Delta. The total metropolitan area has a higher proportion of whites and a higher per capita", "id": "4225772" }, { "contents": "Northern Plains National Heritage Area\n\n\nNorthern Plains National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area along an length of the Missouri River in central North Dakota. The heritage area promotes and interprets the scenic, cultural and historic heritage of the region. It extends from Knife River Indian Villages National Historic Site to Huff Indian Village State Historic Site The area interprets the history of the Three Affiliated Tribes, the passage of the Lewis and Clark Expedition, the fur trade, steamboats on the Missouri and Fort Abraham Lincoln. It also interprets the area's association with the", "id": "17044952" }, { "contents": "Tornado outbreak of April 22–25, 2010\n\n\ncrossed the Mississippi River shortly thereafter, and damaged or destroyed numerous homes on the north side of Eagle Lake. The tornado then moved across the Delta National Forest in Issaquena and Sharkey Counties, causing major tree damage. The tornado again caused significant home damage northwest of Satartia, and again as it crossed Highway 3 near the Crupp community. The tornado then moved through rural areas southwest of Yazoo City, causing major damage or total destruction of a number of homes, as well as intense tree damage. As the tornado approached the", "id": "5566995" }, { "contents": "Segregation academy\n\n\npercent of Virginia's non-Hispanic white students attended these isolated schools., In Mississippi, many of the segregation academies were first established in the black-majority Mississippi Delta region in northwestern Mississippi. The Delta has historically had a very large majority-black population, related to the history of the use of slave labor on cotton plantations. The potential for integration resulted in white parents' establishing segregation academies in every county in the Delta. Many academies are still operating, from Indianola, Mississippi to Humphreys County. These schools", "id": "16560206" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nnationalities which settled in the area over time, forming the diversity of the region. Louisiana's first 18th century colonists were French, but they were soon joined by Spanish and Acadian settlers. The region has been home to other European-immigrant ethnic groups, beginning in the 19th century, including German, Sicilian, and Irish. There are also the Africans, West Indians, and Native Americans in the mix. The combination of these groups over time has created the special culture found in the Mississippi River Delta. Two unique", "id": "16619577" }, { "contents": "Champlain Valley National Heritage Area\n\n\nClinton, Essex, Warren, Saratoga and Washington counties in New York, and Bennington, Rutland, Addison, Chittenden, Franklin and Grand Isle counties in Vermont. Attractions located within the National Heritage Area include Fort Ticonderoga, the Lake Champlain Maritime Museum, Saratoga National Historical Park, portions of Adirondack Park and Green Mountain National Forest, Missisquoi National Wildlife Refuge and the Lake Champlain Underwater Historic Preserves. The Champlain Valley National Heritage Area was established by the Champlain Valley National Heritage Act of 2005. It is administered by the Champlain Valley", "id": "9913189" }, { "contents": "Atchafalaya National Heritage Area\n\n\nof the natural and built environment. The heritage area designation recognizes the area's unique environment and culture, and its contributions to music, English and French language, literature, and cuisine. Major locales included in the Heritage Area include Avery Island, New Iberia, Morgan City, Lafayette, Opelousas, Baton Rouge, Plaquemine and Houma. Jean Lafitte National Historical Park, Longfellow-Evangeline State Historic Site and Plaquemine Lock State Historic Site are included in the heritage area, as well as the Louisiana State Museum branches in Baton Rouge", "id": "9171578" }, { "contents": "Bryant Clark\n\n\nBryant W. Clark (born October 31, 1974) is an American politician from the state of Mississippi. A member of the Democratic Party, Clark is a member of the Mississippi House of Representatives, and represents the 47th district. He has served in the Mississippi House since 2004. The district includes parts of Attala, Holmes and Yazoo counties, which is located in central Mississippi. The district comprises both the Hills and Mississippi Delta regions of the state. Clark is a lifelong resident of Ebenezer, located in southern Holmes County", "id": "18412525" }, { "contents": "Louisiana African American Heritage Trail\n\n\nLouisiana African American Heritage Trail () is a cultural heritage trail with 26 sites designated in 2008 by the state of Louisiana, from New Orleans along the Mississippi River to Baton Rouge and Shreveport, with sites in small towns and plantations also included. In New Orleans several sites are within a walking area. Auto travel is required to reach sites outside the city. A variety of African-American museums devoted to art, history and culture are on the \"trail\", as is the Cane River Creole National Historical Park,", "id": "6088712" }, { "contents": "Delta Blues Museum\n\n\nThe Delta Blues Museum in Clarksdale, Mississippi, United States exists to collect, preserve, and provide public access to and awareness of the blues. Along with holdings of significant blues-related memorabilia, the museum also exhibits and collects art portraying the blues tradition, including works by sculptor Floyd Shaman and photographer Birney Imes. The museum is located in the Yazoo and Mississippi Valley Passenger Depot, also known as Illinois Central Passenger Depot or Clarksdale Passenger Depot, which was built in 1926 and listed on the National Register of Historic Places", "id": "19201111" }, { "contents": "Clarksdale, Mississippi\n\n\nClarksdale is a city in Coahoma County, Mississippi, United States, and seat of the county. The western boundary of the county is formed by the Mississippi River. Located in the Mississippi Delta region, Clarksdale is an agricultural and trading center. It has been home to many blues musicians. Clarksdale is named after John Clark, who founded the city in the mid-19th century. Choctaw and Chickasaw Indians occupied the Delta region prior to the arrival of European settlers. Clarksdale was developed at the former intersection of two Indian routes:", "id": "2119137" }, { "contents": "Education segregation in the Mississippi Delta\n\n\nThe Mississippi Delta region has had the most segregated schools -- and for the longest time—of any part of the United States. As recently as the 2016–2017 school year, East Side High School in Cleveland, Mississippi, was practically all black: 359 of 360 students were African-American. The Delta region of Mississippi is nineteen counties in the northwest of the state, bounded on the west by the Mississippi River and the south by the Yazoo River. It is a poor region of the country's poorest state. In", "id": "13439199" } ]

[ { "contents": "Mississippi Delta National Heritage Area\n\n\nMississippi Delta National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area that seeks to preserve and promote the landscape, culture and history of the Mississippi Delta in the northwestern portion of the U.S. state of Mississippi. The region is famous for blues music and a unique culture that has had broad influence on music and literature, both in the United States and worldwide. The national heritage area comprises Bolivar, Carroll, Coahoma, Desoto, Holmes, Humphreys, Issaquena, Leflore, Panola, Quitman, Sharkey, Tallahatchie, Tate, Tunica", "id": "16296069" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta\n\n\nyears. The land is flat and contains some of the most fertile soil in the world. It is two hundred miles long and seventy miles across at its widest point, encompassing approximately 4,415,000 acres, or, some 7,000 square miles of alluvial floodplain. On the east, it is bounded by bluffs extending beyond the Yazoo River. It includes all or part of the following counties: Washington, Western DeSoto, Humphreys, Carroll, Issaquena, Western Panola, Quitman, Bolivar, Coahoma, Leflore, Sunflower, Sharkey, Tate", "id": "15159893" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta Community College\n\n\nof Mississippi in April 1928. The name was changed to Mississippi Delta Junior College in 1960 and to Mississippi Delta Community College in 1989. The official service area of the college includes Bolivar, Humphreys, Issaquena, Leflore, Sharkey, Sunflower, and Washington counties. Coahoma County was originally in the college's service area, but the Mississippi Legislature removed it effective July 1, 1995, and it is now served by the Coahoma Community College. The main campus is located in Moorhead, Mississippi. Stauffer-Wood Administration Building houses", "id": "21307039" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Gulf Coast National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Mississippi Gulf Coast National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area along the Gulf coast of Mississippi. The designated area comprises six counties recognized for their unique cultural and scenic qualities. The National Heritage Area designation provides a unified marketing and promotional framework for the region. The National Heritage Area comprises Pearl River, Stone, George, Hancock, Harrison and Jackson counties. It includes the Mississippi portion of Gulf Islands National Seashore. The area was devastated by Hurricane Katrina in 2005. Much of the national heritage area's efforts", "id": "16361240" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Hills National Heritage Area\n\n\nMississippi Hills National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the northeastern portion of the U.S. state of Mississippi. The designation commemorates the region's impact on American culture and its role in the American Civil War and the American civil rights movement. The national heritage area designation provides a unified marketing and promotion framework for the area. The national heritage area covers all of Marshall, Benton, Tippah, Alcorn, Tishomingo, Lafayette, Union, Pontotoc, Lee, Itawamba, Calhoun, Chickasaw and Monroe counties, and those", "id": "17388610" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River floods of 2019\n\n\nwith some inundated by 15 feet of water. The Yazoo Backwater Area in the Mississippi Delta north of Vicksburg, Mississippi, experienced both record flood stages and record duration of flooding during the winter, spring, and summer of 2019. Portions of Warren, Issaquena, Sharkey, Yazoo, Humphreys, and Washington Counties were flooded. Almost half of the land area of Issaquena and Sharkey Counties experienced flooding. In late May, flood waters covered over 860 square miles (550,000 acres or 220,000 hectares), including about 390 square miles", "id": "13577492" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta\n\n\n, Tunica, Tallahatchie, Western Holmes, Western Yazoo, Western Grenada and Warren. Lexington is also part of the delta. The shifting river delta at the mouth of the Mississippi on the Gulf Coast lies some 300 miles south of this area, and is referred to as the Mississippi River Delta. The two should not be confused. Chinese began settling in Bolivar County and other Delta counties as plantation workers in the 1870s, though most Delta Chinese families migrated to the state between the 1900s and 1930s. Most Chinese immigrants worked", "id": "15159894" }, { "contents": "George W. Gayles\n\n\n1882, and then again in 1884 and 1886. In the House, he represented the 28th district, which included Bolivar, Coahoma, and Quitman County.In the Senate, he represented the ninth district, including Bolivar, Calhoun, and Sunflower counties. He was also chairman of the Third district Republican Convention in 1886 in Mississippi consisting of Bolivar, Coahoma, Issaquena, Leflore, Sunflower, Sharkey, Tunica, Quitman, Washington, and Warren counties. He was the only black state senator in Mississippi during his terms and", "id": "20783617" }, { "contents": "Coahoma County, Mississippi\n\n\nCoahoma County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 26,151. Its county seat is Clarksdale. The Clarksdale, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area includes all of Coahoma County. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region of Mississippi. Coahoma County was established February 9, 1836, and is located in the northwestern part of the state in the fertile Yazoo Delta region. The name \"Coahoma\" is a Choctaw word meaning \"red panther.\" The act creating the county", "id": "10611425" }, { "contents": "Delta Regional Authority\n\n\nMississippi; Jefferson Davis County, Mississippi; Lawrence County, Mississippi; Leflore County, Mississippi; Lafayette County, Mississippi; Madison County, Mississippi; Marion County, Mississippi; Lincoln County, Mississippi; Montgomery County, Mississippi; Panola County, Mississippi; Marshall County, Mississippi; Quitman County, Mississippi; Rankin County, Mississippi; Pike County, Mississippi; Smith County, Mississippi; Sunflower County, Mississippi; Sharkey County, Mississippi; Simpson County, Mississippi; Tippah County, Mississippi; Tallahatchie County, Mississippi; Tate County", "id": "11170384" }, { "contents": "Delta Regional Authority\n\n\nLouisiana; Winn Parish, Louisiana Mississippi Adams County, Mississippi; Amite County, Mississippi; Attala County, Mississippi; Benton County, Mississippi; Bolivar County, Mississippi; Carroll County, Mississippi; Claiborne County, Mississippi; Coahoma County, Mississippi; Copiah County, Mississippi; Covington County, Mississippi; DeSoto County, Mississippi; Franklin County, Mississippi; Grenada County, Mississippi; Hinds County, Mississippi; Holmes County, Mississippi; Humphreys County, Mississippi; Issaquena County, Mississippi; Jasper County, Mississippi; Jefferson County,", "id": "11170383" }, { "contents": "South Park National Heritage Area\n\n\nSouth Park National Heritage Area is a U.S. National Heritage Area encompassing the South Park of Colorado. Established on March 30, 2009 by the Omnibus Public Land Management Act of 2009 (§7002), the South Park NHA is managed by the Park County, Colorado Office of Tourism to promote and interpret the area's natural, scenic, and cultural resources. The National Heritage Area designation funds promotion of the area's mining, recreation, and ranching heritage. The National Heritage Area covers the majority of Park County, including the", "id": "8157140" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Civil Rights Museum\n\n\n2017, the Mississippi Department of Archives and History brought in Pam Junior as the new museum Director. Junior came from the Smith Robertson Museum and Cultural Center in Jackson, where she had been manager since 1999. Junior is a member of the board of directors for the Mississippi Delta National Heritage Area and Mississippi Book Festival and a co-founder of the Mississippi Black Theater Festival The museum hired Hilferty & Associates to design exhibits for the museum, which were fabricated by Exhibit Concepts. Monadnock Media designed the audio portions of the exhibits", "id": "6914076" }, { "contents": "Leflore County, Mississippi\n\n\nLeflore County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 32,317. The county seat is Greenwood. The county is named for Choctaw leader Greenwood LeFlore, who signed a treaty to cede his people's land to the United States in exchange for land in Indian Territory. LeFlore stayed in Mississippi, settling on land reserved for him in Tallahatchie County. Leflore County is part of the Greenwood, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region, with", "id": "10611085" }, { "contents": "Tallahatchie County, Mississippi\n\n\nTallahatchie County is a county in the U.S. state of Mississippi. At the 2010 census, the population was 15,378. Its county seats are Charleston and Sumner. Tallahatchie County is located in the Mississippi Delta region, divided by the Tallahatchie River which runs from north to south through the county before joining what becomes the Yazoo River in LeFlore County. The county was founded on December 31, 1833 after most of the Choctaw Nation was forced out under Indian Removal. Tallahatchie is a Choctaw name meaning \"rock of waters\". The", "id": "10555589" }, { "contents": "National Coal Heritage Area\n\n\nThe National Coal Heritage Area (NCHA) is a federally designated region of thirteen counties in West Virginia that were the source of \"smokeless\" bituminous coal through much of the 20th century. The National Heritage Area recognizes the area's cultural and historic qualities and serves to promote tourism, historic preservation and economic development in the region. The idea of the NCHA was first proposed in the early 1990s by Congressman Nick Rahall, and was established on November 12, 1996 by the 1996 Omnibus Parks and Public Lands Management Act. The", "id": "8963174" }, { "contents": "Muscle Shoals National Heritage Area\n\n\nMuscle Shoals National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the northwestern portion of the U.S. state of Alabama. It is centered on the portion of the Tennessee River around Muscle Shoals and interprets the region's history and culture. Muscle Shoals National Heritage Area comprises Lauderdale, Limestone, Colbert, Franklin, Lawrence and Morgan counties. Significant features of the heritage area include Wheeler Dam, Wilson Dam, Ivy Green, Rosenbaum House, Barton Hall and the northern end of the Natchez Trace. Muscle Shoals National Heritage Area was", "id": "16977602" }, { "contents": "Deer Creek (Mississippi)\n\n\nDeer Creek (also Issaquena Creek or Lower Deer Creek) is a creek in the U.S. state of Mississippi. Its source is Lake Bolivar, in Scott, Bolivar County, Mississippi. As Deer Creek flows south through the Mississippi Delta, it passes through the following counties: Bolivar, Washington, Sharkey, Issaquena, and Warren; and through the following communities: Metcalfe, Stoneville, Leland, Burdett, Arcola, Hollandale, Panther Burn, Nitta Yuma, Anguilla, Rolling Fork, Cary, Onward, and Valley Park.", "id": "1520113" }, { "contents": "Money, Mississippi\n\n\nMoney is an unincorporated Mississippi Delta community near Greenwood in Leflore County, Mississippi, United States. It has fewer than 100 residents, down from 400 in the early 1950s when a cotton mill operated there. Money is located on a railroad line along the Tallahatchie River, a tributary of the Yazoo River in the eastern part of the Mississippi Delta. The community has ZIP code 38945 in the Greenwood, Mississippi micropolitan area. Money is the site of the 1955 lynching of 14-year-old Emmett Till by white men, an event", "id": "15040548" }, { "contents": "Sharkey County, Mississippi\n\n\nSharkey County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. Part of the western border is formed by the Yazoo River. According to the 2010 census, the population was 4,916, making it the second-least populous county in Mississippi. Its county seat is Rolling Fork. The county is named after William L. Sharkey, the provisional Governor of Mississippi in 1865. Sharkey County is located in the Mississippi Delta region. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of , of which is land", "id": "10555635" }, { "contents": "Oil Region National Heritage Area\n\n\nOil Region National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the northwestern portion of the U.S. state of Pennsylvania. The national heritage area commemorates and promotes the region surrounding Edwin Drake's oil well of 1859 near Titusville, which gave rise to the modern oil industry. The national heritage area includes all of Venango County and a portion of Crawford County, including Titusville and Oil Creek Township The Oil Region National Heritage Area was established by Public Law 108-447 in 2004. It is administered by the Oil Region Alliance.", "id": "17389123" }, { "contents": "Delta National Forest\n\n\nDelta National Forest is a U.S. National Forest in western Mississippi, located in Sharkey County, and has an area of . Delta is operated as the Sunflower Wildlife Management Area. The forest is headquartered in Jackson, as are all six National Forests in Mississippi, but Delta Ranger District office is located in Rolling Fork. It is one of only six National Forests that are contained entirely within a single county and the only bottomland hardwood forest in the National Forest system. The Green Ash-Overcup Oak-Sweetgum Research Natural Areas within", "id": "3631940" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\ninfluences in the Mississippi River Delta. They continue to shape preferences of food, music, and art, as well as to maintain the unique identities existing in the southernmost parts of the region. Both cultures speak a form of French; but they are considered to be autonomous and distinct dialects. From 1910–1920, New Orleans became the birthplace of jazz and since has continued its legacy of being home to budding musicians and new musical experiences, tying music directly to its unique culture and diverse heritage. The origins of jazz and blues", "id": "16619580" }, { "contents": "Journey Through Hallowed Ground National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Journey Through Hallowed Ground National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in portions of Pennsylvania, West Virginia, Maryland and Virginia, in the eastern United States. The Journey Through Hallowed Ground National Heritage Area was established on May 8, 2008 by Public Law 110-229, the Consolidated Natural Resources Act of 2008.The designation provides a framework for the promotion and interpretation of the area's cultural and historic character, with particular emphasis on the region's role in the American Civil War, and the preservation of the natural", "id": "13516660" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta\n\n\nThe Mississippi Delta, also known as the Yazoo-Mississippi Delta, is the distinctive northwest section of the U.S. state of Mississippi (and portions of Arkansas and Louisiana) which lies between the Mississippi and Yazoo Rivers. The region has been called \"The Most Southern Place on Earth\" (\"Southern\" in the sense of \"characteristic of its region, the American South\"), because of its unique racial, cultural, and economic history. It is long and across at its widest point, encompassing about , or", "id": "15159888" }, { "contents": "Freedom's Way National Heritage Area\n\n\nFreedom's Way National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing portions of northern Massachusetts and southern New Hampshire. The heritage area includes sites significant to the American Revolution, cultural sites associated with Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau, and Native American sites. The heritage area seeks to preserve the region's landscape and historic structures. The National Heritage Area includes Minute Man National Historical Park, portions of Middlesex and Worcester counties in Massachusetts, and portions of Hillsborough County, New Hampshire, an area including a total of", "id": "14966358" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta\n\n\nside of the Mississippi River, another area of high poverty). The 1990s state legalization of casino gambling in Mississippi has boosted the Delta's economy, particularly in the areas of Tunica and Vicksburg. A large cultural influence in the region is its history of hunting and fishing. Hunting in the Delta is primarily for game such as whitetail deer, wild turkey, and waterfowl, along with many small game species (squirrel, rabbit, dove, quail, raccoon, etc.) For many years, the hunting and fishing", "id": "15159912" }, { "contents": "Baltimore National Heritage Area\n\n\nBaltimore National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing portions of Baltimore, Maryland, USA. The designated area includes the central portion of the city, waterfront, inner neighborhoods and portions of the city's park system. The district includes Fort McHenry and the Inner Harbor, as well as portions of the Charles Street, Falls Road, National Historic Seaport and Star Spangled Banner Maryland Scenic Byways. The Baltimore National Heritage Area was established on March 30, 2009 by the Omnibus Public Land Management Act of 2009 (§", "id": "8582841" }, { "contents": "B.B. King Museum\n\n\nThe B.B. King Museum and Delta Interpretive Center is a Delta blues museum with the mission to \"empower, unite and heal through music, art and education and share with the world the rich cultural heritage of the Mississippi Delta.\" The museum, named for blues legend, B.B. King, is located in his hometown of Indianola, Mississippi, in the United States. The B.B. King Museum and Delta Interpretive Center opened in Indianola Mississippi on September 13, 2008. The museum features a restored brick cotton gin building in which B.B.", "id": "17262603" }, { "contents": "Louise, Mississippi\n\n\nLouise is a town in Humphreys County, Mississippi. The population was 199 at the 2010 census, down from 315 at the 2000 census. Louise is located in southern Humphreys County at (32.981549, -90.591624), along Silver Creek in the Mississippi Delta region. Mississippi Highway 149 passes just east of the town, leading north to U.S. Route 49W at Silver City and south via Mississippi Highway 16 to Yazoo City. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town of Louise has a total area of , all land.", "id": "2222822" }, { "contents": "Arkansas Delta\n\n\nblues and gospel traditions. The East Central Delta area has produced a small number of talented and influential R&B artists. Arkansas's blues Influence, shares a rich heritage with Mississippi and Memphis, Tennessee. Arkansas was home to numerous blues masters, who are held in high esteem by newer generations learning blues history. Arkansas blues artists influenced decades of pop culture music by such artists as Muddy Waters, Little Milton, B.B. King, Eric Clapton, Jeff Beck, Joe Bonamassa, Stevie Ray Vaughan, George Harrison and the Rolling Stones", "id": "6558115" }, { "contents": "Cruger, Mississippi\n\n\nCruger is a town in Holmes County, Mississippi, United States. The population was 386 at the 2010 census, down from 449 at the 2000 census. Cruger is in the northwest corner of Holmes County, in the Mississippi Delta region along U.S. Route 49E. Greenwood is north of Cruger via US 49E, and Yazoo City is to the south. According to the United States Census Bureau, Cruger has a total area of , all land. As of the census of 2000, there were 449 people, 161 households, and", "id": "2222747" }, { "contents": "Carroll County, Mississippi\n\n\nCarroll County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 10,597. Its county seats are Carollton and Vaiden. The county is named for Charles Carroll of Carrollton, the last surviving signatory of the U.S. Declaration of Independence. Carroll County is part of the Greenwood, Micropolitan Statistical Area. Bordered by the Yazoo River on the west and the Big Black River to the east, it is considered within the Mississippi Delta region. Most of its land is in the hill country", "id": "10611479" }, { "contents": "Minter City, Mississippi\n\n\nMinter City is an unincorporated community located in Leflore County and in Tallahatchie County, Mississippi. It is part of the Greenwood, Mississippi micropolitan area, and is within the Mississippi Delta. Mississippi Highway 8 intersects U.S. Route 49E southwest of Minter City, and the Tallahatchie River flows to the east. There is a post office located on U.S. Route 49E, with a ZIP code of 38944. Variant names for the original settlement were \"Walnut Place Landing\" and \"Minter City Landing\". Spanish explorer Hernando de Soto may have", "id": "12467995" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta AVA\n\n\nThe Mississippi Delta AVA is an American Viticultural Area on the left (east) bank of the Mississippi River, between Memphis, Tennessee, and Vicksburg, Mississippi. It includes portions of the Mississippi Delta and the watershed of the lower Mississippi River in the U.S. states of Louisiana (west bank), Mississippi, and Tennessee. Since the creation of the AVA in 1984, there has been very little viticulture in the Mississippi Delta region. Mississippi State University established an enology laboratory to research grape cultivation in the area, but little", "id": "16585963" }, { "contents": "Greenwood, Mississippi\n\n\nGreenwood is a city in and the county seat of Leflore County, Mississippi, located at the eastern edge of the Mississippi Delta, approximately 96 miles north of the state capital, Jackson, Mississippi, and 130 miles south of the riverport of Memphis, Tennessee. It was a center of cotton planter culture in the 19th century. The population was 16,087 at the 2010 census. It is the principal city of the Greenwood Micropolitan Statistical Area. Greenwood developed at the confluence of the Tallahatchie and the Yalobusha rivers, which form the", "id": "3378194" }, { "contents": "Bolivar County, Mississippi\n\n\nBolivar County ( ) is a county located on the western border of the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 34,145. Its county seats are Rosedale and Cleveland. The county is named in honor of Simón Bolívar, early 19th-century leader of the liberation of several South American colonies from Spain. The Cleveland, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area includes all of Bolivar County. It is located in the Mississippi Delta, or Yazoo Basin, of Mississippi. This area was first developed for cotton plantations", "id": "10611493" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nmusic in the region is closely connected to the Mississippi River and the delta, as the location allowed for an influx of cultural influences, including blues and bluegrass music from upriver, to the African and Latin folk hymns and music from the Caribbean islands. The delta is still synonymous with the sounds of jazz, funk and zydeco and remains to be an important cultural hub for new sounds and music, bringing thousands to the area every year to experience the lifestyle and participate in the natural rhythms of the area. The region is", "id": "16619581" }, { "contents": "Essex National Heritage Commission\n\n\nThe Essex National Heritage Commission (ENHC) is a non-profit organization charted to oversee the Essex National Heritage Area, a National Heritage Area composed of all of Essex County, Massachusetts. The commission promotes the cultural heritage with public and private partnerships and with the National Park Service by developing programs that enhance, preserve and encourage regional awareness of the area's unique historic, cultural and natural resources. The commission is based in Salem. The organization has sponsored a number of events and programs that celebrate the region’s history,", "id": "16440799" }, { "contents": "Blue Ridge National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Blue Ridge National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing the twenty-five westernmost counties of North Carolina, which are associated with the Blue Ridge Mountains. The designation provides a framework for the promotion and interpretation of the area's cultural and historic character, and the preservation of the natural and built environment. The National Heritage Area includes the North Carolina portions of Great Smoky Mountains National Park and the Blue Ridge Parkway. Other attractions include Mount Mitchell in Pisgah National Forest, Nantahala National Forest and the North Carolina", "id": "9719864" }, { "contents": "Poverty Point\n\n\nPoverty Point State Historic Site (; 16 WC 5) is a prehistoric earthwork constructed by the Poverty Point culture. The Poverty Point site is located in present-day northeastern Louisiana though evidence of the Poverty Point culture extends throughout much of the Southeastern United States. The culture extended across the Mississippi Delta and south to the Gulf Coast. The Poverty Point site has been designated as a U.S. National Monument, a U.S. National Historic Landmark, and UNESCO World Heritage Site. Located in the Southern United States, the site is from the", "id": "10100047" }, { "contents": "Geography of Arkansas\n\n\nState Park, Delta Heritage Trail State Park, Felsenthal National Wildlife Refuge, Lake Chicot State Park, Mississippi River State Park, Overflow National Wildlife Refuge and White River National Wildlife Refuge. The flat topography and fertile soils of Southeast Arkansas have been important to the region throughout its history, first to the Native American that inhabited the region. This history is available today at museums like the Pine Bluff/Jefferson County Historical Museum. The area was one of the first explored and settled in Arkansas; including the territorial capital at Arkansas", "id": "17334085" }, { "contents": "Tchula, Mississippi\n\n\nhad vanished, partly due to increased use of machines in agriculture. Many businesses formerly in the town had disappeared. Tchula is in western Holmes County along Tchula Lake, an old river channel in the Mississippi Delta region of the state. U.S. Route 49E passes through the center of town, leading north to Greenwood and southwest to Yazoo. Mississippi Highway 12 leads southeast from Tchula to Lexington, the Holmes County seat. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of , of which , or 2.31", "id": "2222794" }, { "contents": "Freedom's Frontier National Heritage Area\n\n\nFreedom's Frontier National Heritage Area, Inc. (FFNHA) is a federally designated U.S. National Heritage Area located in eastern Kansas and Western Missouri. This heritage area preserves, conserves, and interprets historic and cultural landscapes pertaining to: the shaping of the frontier, the Missouri-Kansas Border War, and the enduring struggle for freedom. FFNHA was authorized on October 12, 2006, with the passage of the National Heritage Areas Act of 2006. The management plan for the heritage area was approved by the Board of Trustees on June", "id": "353294" }, { "contents": "Sunflower County, Mississippi\n\n\nSunflower County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 29,450. Its largest city and county seat is Indianola. Sunflower County comprises the Indianola, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is included in the Cleveland-Indianola, MS Combined Statistical Area. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region. Sunflower Country was created in 1844. The land mass encompassed most of Sunflower and Leflore Counties as we know them today. The first seat of government was Clayton, located near", "id": "10555603" }, { "contents": "Atchafalaya National Heritage Area\n\n\nAtchafalaya National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing parts of fourteen parishes along the Atchafalaya River in the U.S. State of Louisiana. The heritage area extends the length of the Atchafalaya Basin from the area of Ferriday in the north to the river's mouth beyond Morgan City. The National Heritage Area is divided into four regions: Upper, Between 2 Rivers, Bayou Teche Corridor and the Coastal Zone. The designation provides a framework for the promotion and interpretation of the area's cultural and historic character, and the preservation", "id": "9171577" }, { "contents": "Niagara Falls National Heritage Area\n\n\nNiagara Falls National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing the Niagara Falls region of the U.S. State of New York. The heritage area includes the communities of Niagara Falls, Youngstown and Lewiston. The designation provides a framework for the promotion and interpretation of the area's cultural and historic character, and the preservation of the natural and built environment. The heritage area designation recognizes the area's importance to Native Americans, to early European explorers of America, the American Revolution, the War of 1812 and the area's", "id": "9115304" }, { "contents": "Warren County, Mississippi\n\n\nWarren County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 48,773. Its county seat is Vicksburg. Created by legislative act of 22 December 1809, Warren County is named for American Revolutionary War officer Joseph Warren. Part of the Mississippi Delta and the historic cotton culture, Warren County is included in the Vicksburg, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Jackson-Vicksburg-Brookhaven, MS Combined Statistical Area. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the", "id": "10555530" }, { "contents": "Greenwood, Mississippi micropolitan area\n\n\nThe Greenwood Micropolitan Statistical Area is a micropolitan area in the northwestern Delta region of Mississippi that covers two counties - Leflore and Carroll. As of the 2000 census, the μSA had a population of 48,716 (though a July 1, 2009 estimate placed the population at 44,841). As of the census of 2000, there were 48,716 people, 17,027 households, and 11,956 families residing within the μSA. The racial makeup of the μSA was 37.22% White, 60.85% African American, 0.10% Native American, 0.54% Asian", "id": "8919330" }, { "contents": "James Thomas (blues musician)\n\n\n\". In 1985, his work was featured in the prestigious Corcoran Gallery in Washington, D.C., where he was introduced to Nancy Reagan, then the First Lady. Thomas's skulls are on display in the Delta Blues Museum, in Clarksdale, Mississippi, and the Highway 61 Blues Museum, in Leland, Mississippi. Thomas played at numerous blues festivals and private parties throughout the area, including the Mississippi Delta Blues and Heritage Festival in Greenville. In the 1970s, Eddie Cusic performed with Thomas at regular engagements. Together they", "id": "17330513" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nand is an important coastal region for the United States, containing more than of coastal wetlands and 37% of the estuarine marsh in the conterminous U.S. The coastal area is the nation's largest drainage basin and drains about 41% of the contiguous United States into the Gulf of Mexico at an average rate of . The modern Mississippi River Delta formed over the last approximately 4,500 years as the Mississippi River deposited sand, clay and silt along its banks and in adjacent basins. The Mississippi River Delta is a river-dominated delta system", "id": "16619564" }, { "contents": "Arabia Mountain National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Arabia Mountain National Heritage Area is a National Heritage Area in the U.S. state of Georgia that encompasses natural, cultural, and historical elements to form a cohesive, nationally significant environment. The area is due east of Atlanta and spans reaching from the historic commercial center of Lithonia to the Monastery of the Holy Spirit in Conyers, including a number of sites in between, including Panola Mountain State Park, Davidson-Arabia Mountain Nature Preserve, the Mall at Stonecrest, and more. The Heritage Area was established in 2006, and", "id": "352970" }, { "contents": "Sangre de Cristo National Heritage Area\n\n\nSangre de Cristo National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the south central portion of the U.S. state of Colorado. The heritage area includes the San Luis Valley and portions of the Sangre de Cristo Range. The region combines influences of Anglo-American, Hispano-American and Native American influences. It also includes portions of the upper Rio Grande valley. The national heritage area includes Alamosa, Costilla, and Conejos counties, and portions of Saguache and Rio Grande counties. It also includes within its boundaries Great Sand", "id": "17389640" }, { "contents": "Delta State–Mississippi College football rivalry\n\n\nThe Delta State–Mississippi College football rivalry, commonly known as the Heritage Bell Classic, is a college football rivalry game between a public university and a private Christian college in the U.S. state of Mississippi, the Delta State University Statesmen and the Mississippi College Choctaws. The current winner is Delta State, who won, 28–21, on November 10, 2018. Delta State leads the all-time series, 22–15–2. The Delta State Statesmen were co-founding members of the Gulf South Conference in 1970. Mississippi College joined the", "id": "15797675" }, { "contents": "Delta blues\n\n\nDelta blues is one of the earliest-known styles of blues music. It originated in the Mississippi Delta, a region of the U.S. stretching from Memphis, Tennessee, in the north to Vicksburg, Mississippi, in the south and from Helena, Arkansas, in the west to the Yazoo River in the east. The Mississippi Delta is famous for its fertile soil and for its poverty. Delta blues is regarded as a regional variant of country blues. Guitar and harmonica are its dominant instruments; slide guitar is a hallmark of", "id": "7794018" }, { "contents": "Arkansas Delta\n\n\na decline. Charles Bowden of \"National Geographic\" wrote, \"By 1970 the sharecropping world was already disappearing, and the landscape of today—huge fields, giant machines, battered towns, few people—beginning to emerge.\" The Arkansas Delta is known for its rich musical heritage. While defined primarily by its deep blues/gospel roots, it is distinguished somewhat from its Mississippi Delta counterpart by more intricately interwoven country music and R&B elements. Arkansas blues musicians have defined every genre of blues from its inception, including", "id": "6558110" }, { "contents": "Greenwood High School (Mississippi)\n\n\nGreenwood High School is a public high school located in Greenwood, Leflore County, in the U.S. state of Mississippi. The school is part of the Greenwood Public School District. Greenwood, Mississippi, is a town of slightly over 15,000 residents located on the banks of the Yazoo River about south of Memphis, Tennessee, and about north of Jackson, Mississippi. The city and county are named after Greenwood Leflore, the designated leader of the Choctaw nation who ceded Mississippi land under pressure of the 1830 Indian Removal Act to the United", "id": "4541464" }, { "contents": "Upper Housatonic Valley National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Upper Housatonic Valley National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the U.S. states of Connecticut and Massachusetts. The heritage area interprets and promotes the historical, cultural and scenic features of the upper Housatonic River valley in the western part of both states. The heritage area focuses on five themes: the area's role as a resort for writers, artists, actors and musicians, the scenic landscape, the area's role in industry, the American Revolutionary War, and the social and religious groups associated with the area", "id": "17597179" }, { "contents": "National Heritage Area\n\n\nA National Heritage Area is a site designated by United States and intended to encourage historic preservation of the area and an appreciation of the history and heritage of the site. There are currently 55 National Heritage Areas, some of which use variations of the title, such as National Heritage Corridor. National Heritage Areas (NHAs) are not National Park Service units or federally owned or managed land. NHAs are administered by state governments or non-profit organizations or other private corporations, referred to as \"local coordinating entities\". The", "id": "2301876" }, { "contents": "Lackawanna Heritage Valley National and State Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Lackawanna Heritage Valley National and State Heritage Area is a state and federally designated National Heritage Area in northeastern Pennsylvania. It was initially established in 1991 as the first State Heritage Park in Pennsylvania, and was additionally designated a National Heritage Area in 2000. The designations recognize the area's heritage of industry, architecture, history and natural resources, and provide a framework for development and promotion of these features. The Lackawanna Heritage Valley National and State Heritage Area is managed by the Lackawanna Heritage Valley Authority, or LHVA. The National", "id": "16220344" }, { "contents": "Kenai Mountains – Turnagain Arm National Heritage Area\n\n\nKenai Mountains – Turnagain Arm National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the U.S. state of Alaska. The heritage area extends across the northern part of the Kenai Peninsula, immediately to the north and east of Kenai Fjords National Park. The designation recognizes the area's unique cultural, scenic and historical features and provides a unified organization for promotion of the area's attractions. The Kenai Mountains – Turnagain Arm National Heritage Area (KMTA) includes the road corridor between Seward and Hope and Whittier, from Resurrection Bay in", "id": "16167272" }, { "contents": "Mayersville, Mississippi\n\n\nMayersville is a town on the east bank of the Mississippi River, and the county seat for Issaquena County, Mississippi, United States. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region, known for cotton cultivation in the antebellum era. Once the trading center for the county, the town was superseded when railroads were built into the area. The population of the majority-black town was 547 at the 2010 census, down from 795 at the 2000 census. Native Americans had lived in this area since prehistoric times. The Mayersville", "id": "2222833" }, { "contents": "Crenshaw, Mississippi\n\n\nCrenshaw is a town in Panola and Quitman counties in the U.S. state of Mississippi. The population was 916 at the 2000 census. Crenshaw is located at (34.502661, -90.195841). Most of the town is in Panola County with a small portion on the west side in Quitman County. In the 2000 census, 697 of the town's 916 residents (76.1%) lived in Panola County and 219 (23.9%) in Quitman County. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of", "id": "17931693" }, { "contents": "Panola County, Mississippi\n\n\nPanola County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 34,707. Its county seats are Sardis and Batesville. Panola is the anglicization of \"ponolo\", a word meaning thread in both old Choctaw and Chickasaw and cotton in modern Choctaw. The county is located just east of the Mississippi Delta and bisected by the Tallahatchie River flowing to the southwest, separating the two county seats. Panola County was established February 9, 1836, and is one of the twelve large", "id": "10555705" }, { "contents": "MotorCities National Heritage Area\n\n\nMotorCities National Heritage Area or Motor Cities National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area that commemorates and promotes the automobile industry in Metro Detroit, with portions of 16 counties in southern Michigan, United States. The scope of the heritage area includes sites and events relating to the motor industry as well as the industry's impact on labor, society and the environment. The heritage area comprises more than 1200 automotive-related sites, including the Henry Ford Museum, Fair Lane, various Ford plants, the Automotive Hall of Fame", "id": "16976479" }, { "contents": "Great Basin National Heritage Area\n\n\nGreat Basin National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in Nevada and Utah, including White Pine County, Nevada and Millard County, Utah. The area was designated to recognize and promote the scenic and cultural resources associated with this central portion of the Great Basin. The National Heritage Area includes Great Basin National Park and portions of Humboldt-Toiyabe and Fishlake National Forests, as well as Fort Deseret, Sevier Lake and the Topaz War Relocation Center. Great Basin National Heritage Area was designated on October 13, 2006.", "id": "15909144" }, { "contents": "Crowder, Mississippi\n\n\nCrowder is a town in Panola and Quitman counties in the state of Mississippi. The population was 766 at the 2000 census. Most of Crowder is in Quitman County with a portion on the east in adjacent Panola County. In the 2000 census, 462 of the town's 766 residents (60.3%) lived in Quitman County and 304 (39.7%) in Panola County. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 0.4 square miles (1.2 km², all land. As of the", "id": "17931698" }, { "contents": "Rivers of Steel National Heritage Area\n\n\nRivers of Steel National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in southwestern Pennsylvania, centered on Pittsburgh and oriented around the interpretation and promotion of the region's steel-making heritage. The area roughly covers the valleys of the Ohio, Monongahela and lower Allegheny rivers. Major interpretive locations include the Carrie Furnace, Pinkerton's Landing Bridge and other features of the Homestead Steel Works. The national heritage area comprises Allegheny, Armstrong, Beaver, Butler, Greene, Fayette, Washington and Westmoreland counties. Rivers of Steel National Heritage", "id": "17389345" }, { "contents": "Crowley's Ridge Parkway\n\n\nroute which allowed the traveler to experience the Southern heritage of the area. The National Scenic Byway designation came the following year, with an extension into Missouri in 2000. The majority of the route is in Arkansas, and the parkway begins in Phillips County, Arkansas, in Helena-West Helena very near the Helena Bridge over the Mississippi River. Beginning at US Route 49 (US 49) and running north with US 49 Business (US 49B), the route passes historic properties including the Delta Cultural Center, the Jerome", "id": "1149985" }, { "contents": "Issaquena County, Mississippi\n\n\nIssaquena County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 1,406, making it the least populous county in the United States east of the Mississippi River. Its county seat is Mayersville. With a per-capita income of $18,598, Issaquena County is the poorest county in the United States. Issaquena County is located in the Mississippi Delta region. The Mississippi River flows along the entire western boundary of the county, and many of the earliest communities were river ports.", "id": "10611264" }, { "contents": "Delta Regional Authority\n\n\n, Mississippi; Tunica County, Mississippi; Union County, Mississippi; Walthall County, Mississippi; Warren County, Mississippi; Washington County, Mississippi; Wilkinson County, Mississippi; Yalobusha County, Mississippi; Yazoo County, Mississippi Missouri Bollinger County, Missouri; Butler County, Missouri; Cape Girardeau County, Missouri; Carter County, Missouri; Crawford County, Missouri; Dent County, Missouri; Douglas County, Missouri; Dunklin County, Missouri; Howell County, Missouri; Iron County, Missouri; Madison County, Missouri; Mississippi", "id": "11170385" }, { "contents": "Tunica County, Mississippi\n\n\nTunica County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 10,778. Its county seat is Tunica. The county is named for the Tunica Native Americans. Most migrated to central Louisiana during the colonial period. Tunica County is part of the Memphis, TN-MS-AR Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region. Since the late 20th century, it is known for Tunica Resorts (formerly Robinsonville), an unincorporated community that is the site", "id": "10555567" }, { "contents": "Emmett Till\n\n\nin the Mississippi Delta are memorialized as associated with Till. Emmett Till was born in 1941 in Chicago; he was the son of Mamie Carthan (1921–2003) and Louis Till (1922–1945). Emmett's mother Mamie was born in the small Delta town of Webb, Mississippi. The Delta region encompasses the large, multi-county area of northwestern Mississippi in the watershed of the Yazoo and Mississippi rivers. When Carthan was two years old, her family moved to Argo, Illinois, as part of the Great Migration of rural", "id": "2570054" }, { "contents": "History of New Orleans\n\n\nUnion during the Civil War. With its rich and unique cultural and architectural heritage, it remains a major destination for tourism, conventions, and major sports events, even after the major destruction and loss of life resulting from Hurricane Katrina in 2005. The land mass that was to become the city of New Orleans was formed around 2200 BC when the Mississippi River deposited silt creating the delta region. Before Europeans founded the settlement, the area was inhabited by Native Americans for about 1300 years. The Mississippian culture peoples built mounds and", "id": "3084005" }, { "contents": "B.B. King Museum\n\n\nKing worked in the 1940s. The museum also contains an extensive collection of artifacts owned by King and displays exhibits about his life and the lives of other musicians of the delta region and the culture where the blues arose. The museum commemorates the famous blues artist, B.B King, who was from the Mississippi Delta. The museum has multiple exhibits highlighting King's Delta Blue music. Exhibits include interactive exhibits, King memorabilia, and stories. The museum seeks to help preserve Delta Blues and its culture by promoting its importance. In", "id": "17262604" }, { "contents": "Missouri Bootheel\n\n\nwrites: Given the population in the area, even a moderately sized earthquake would be disastrous. The Bootheel (pronounced Boothill in the region) is on the edge of the Mississippi Delta culture that produced the Delta blues. Its relatively large black population makes it distinct from the rest of rural Missouri. The area has a unique rural black culture reflected in its music, churches and other traditions. The black population ranges from about 26% in Pemiscot County, to 15% in New Madrid County, and about 9% in", "id": "12618286" }, { "contents": "Moorhead, Mississippi\n\n\nMoorhead is a city in Sunflower County, Mississippi. As of the 2000 census, the city population was 2,573. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of , of which is land and 0.77% is water. Moorhead is along U.S. Route 82, east of Indianola. Moorhead is located at the intersection of the Southern and Yazoo Delta railroads. This is the origin of the legendary blues crossroads phrase \"where the Southern cross the Dog\". As of the 2010 United States Census,", "id": "2223816" }, { "contents": "Blanche Bruce\n\n\nsteamboat porter on the Mississippi River. In 1864, he moved to Hannibal, Missouri, where he established a school for black children. In 1868, during Reconstruction, Bruce relocated to Bolivar near Cleveland in northwestern Mississippi, at which he purchased a Mississippi Delta plantation. He became a wealthy landowner of several thousand acres in the Mississippi Delta. He was appointed to the positions of Tallahatchie County registrar of voters and tax assessor before he won an election for sheriff in Bolivar County. He later was elected to other county positions,", "id": "13640962" }, { "contents": "Delta, Mississippi\n\n\nDelta is a ghost town in Coahoma County, Mississippi, United States. Once a thriving port on the Mississippi River, Delta today is covered by farmland and a portion of the Mississippi Levee. Nothing remains of the original settlement. The county seat was moved from Port Royal to Delta in 1842. In 1844, Delta was surveyed and laid off into lots. The town had a population of about 700, and was a busy steamboat port. Delta incorporated in 1848. That same year, the river flooded the town,", "id": "8584565" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nbenefits that are unique to the region. These vital resources are at constant risk of being lost with the continual land loss and the decreasing size of the natural coastal area. The Mississippi River Delta has a strong economy which relies heavily on tourism and recreational activities such as fishing, hunting and wildlife watching as well as commercial fishing, oil, gas, and shipping industries. There are a number of major industries in the Mississippi River Delta that drive the local and national economy, including: In total, the five Gulf Coast", "id": "16619584" }, { "contents": "Holmes County, Mississippi\n\n\nHolmes County is a county in the U.S. state of Mississippi; its western border is formed by the Yazoo River and the eastern border by the Big Black River. The western part of the county is within the Yazoo-Mississippi Delta. As of the 2010 census, the population was 19,198. Its county seat is Lexington. The county is named in honor of David Holmes, territorial governor and the first governor of the state of Mississippi and later United States Senator for Mississippi. A favorite son, Edmond Favor Noel, was", "id": "10611282" }, { "contents": "Greenville, Mississippi\n\n\nGreenville is a city in, and the county seat of, Washington County, Mississippi, United States. The population was 34,400 at the 2010 census. It is located in the area of historic cotton plantations and culture known as the Mississippi Delta. This area was occupied by indigenous peoples for thousands of years. When the French explored here, they encountered the historic Natchez people. As part of their colony known as \"La Louisiane\", the French established a settlement at what became Natchez, Mississippi. Other Native American tribes", "id": "2224007" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nartery. In addition to shipping, local and commercial fisheries continued to expand. The discovery of vast oil and gas deposits brought further economic and environmental changes to the delta. Despite these profound changes, the delta today remains very much rooted in the vibrant cultural and social traditions of its residents. The Mississippi River Delta is home to more than two million people. The location of the delta at the mouth of the Mississippi River allowed for the area to be a cultural gateway into the United States, and influenced the mix of", "id": "16619576" }, { "contents": "Essex Heritage\n\n\nEssex Heritage is a non-profit organization charted to promote the cultural heritage of Essex County in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. Working with both public and private partnerships and with the National Park Service, the group supports and develops programs that enhance, preserve and encourage regional awareness of the area’s unique historic, cultural and natural resources. Headquartered in Salem, Massachusetts, the Commission services the 34 communities of Essex County. It has been recognized by the United States Congress in recognition of the important role that this region played in American", "id": "16609234" }, { "contents": "Washington County, Mississippi\n\n\nWashington County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 51,137. Its county seat is Greenville. The county is named in honor of the first President of the United States, George Washington. The Greenville, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area includes all of Washington County. It is located in the Mississippi Delta. Located in the Mississippi Delta, Washington County was first developed for cotton cultivation in the antebellum years. Most plantations were developed to have access to the rivers, which", "id": "10555522" }, { "contents": "Mississippi\n\n\nIsland. The northwest remainder of the state consists of the Mississippi Delta, a section of the Mississippi Alluvial Plain. The plain is narrow in the south and widens north of Vicksburg. The region has rich soil, partly made up of silt which had been regularly deposited by the flood waters of the Mississippi River. Areas under the management of the National Park Service include: Mississippi City Population Rankings of at least 50,000 (United States Census Bureau as of 2017): Mississippi City Population Rankings of at least 20,000 but fewer than", "id": "21293458" }, { "contents": "Belzoni, Mississippi\n\n\nBelzoni ( ) is a city in Humphreys County, Mississippi, in the Mississippi Delta region, on the Yazoo River. The population was 2,235 at the 2010 census. It is the county seat of Humphreys County. It was named for the 19th-century Italian archaeologist/explorer Giovanni Battista Belzoni. The area was named Farm-Raised Catfish Capital of the World in 1976 by then Governor Cliff Finch, since it produces more farm-raised catfish than any other U.S. county. About of the county are under water in ponds", "id": "2222804" }, { "contents": "2011 Mississippi River floods\n\n\nfrom Vicksburg was cut off for more than two weeks. U.S. Highway 61 between Vicksburg and Port Gibson was closed by backwater flooding along the Big Black River on May 12; it reopened June 1. Another portion of U.S. Highway 61 near Redwood was closed by backwater flooding along the Yazoo River on May 13 and was closed until June 3. In anticipation of major flooding, the U.S. federal government declared 14 counties along the Mississippi River, the Thames River: Adams, Bolivar, Claiborne, Coahoma, DeSoto, Humphreys, Issaquena", "id": "8214155" }, { "contents": "Memphis, Tennessee\n\n\nother places in the world could offer cheaper labor, and the workforce was undereducated for today's challenges. The Memphis Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA), the 42nd largest in the United States, has a 2010 population of 1,316,100 and includes the Tennessee counties of Shelby, Tipton and Fayette; as well as the northern Mississippi counties of DeSoto, Marshall, Tate, and Tunica; and Crittenden County, Arkansas, all part of the Mississippi Delta. The total metropolitan area has a higher proportion of whites and a higher per capita", "id": "4225772" }, { "contents": "Northern Plains National Heritage Area\n\n\nNorthern Plains National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area along an length of the Missouri River in central North Dakota. The heritage area promotes and interprets the scenic, cultural and historic heritage of the region. It extends from Knife River Indian Villages National Historic Site to Huff Indian Village State Historic Site The area interprets the history of the Three Affiliated Tribes, the passage of the Lewis and Clark Expedition, the fur trade, steamboats on the Missouri and Fort Abraham Lincoln. It also interprets the area's association with the", "id": "17044952" }, { "contents": "Tornado outbreak of April 22–25, 2010\n\n\ncrossed the Mississippi River shortly thereafter, and damaged or destroyed numerous homes on the north side of Eagle Lake. The tornado then moved across the Delta National Forest in Issaquena and Sharkey Counties, causing major tree damage. The tornado again caused significant home damage northwest of Satartia, and again as it crossed Highway 3 near the Crupp community. The tornado then moved through rural areas southwest of Yazoo City, causing major damage or total destruction of a number of homes, as well as intense tree damage. As the tornado approached the", "id": "5566995" }, { "contents": "Segregation academy\n\n\npercent of Virginia's non-Hispanic white students attended these isolated schools., In Mississippi, many of the segregation academies were first established in the black-majority Mississippi Delta region in northwestern Mississippi. The Delta has historically had a very large majority-black population, related to the history of the use of slave labor on cotton plantations. The potential for integration resulted in white parents' establishing segregation academies in every county in the Delta. Many academies are still operating, from Indianola, Mississippi to Humphreys County. These schools", "id": "16560206" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nnationalities which settled in the area over time, forming the diversity of the region. Louisiana's first 18th century colonists were French, but they were soon joined by Spanish and Acadian settlers. The region has been home to other European-immigrant ethnic groups, beginning in the 19th century, including German, Sicilian, and Irish. There are also the Africans, West Indians, and Native Americans in the mix. The combination of these groups over time has created the special culture found in the Mississippi River Delta. Two unique", "id": "16619577" }, { "contents": "Champlain Valley National Heritage Area\n\n\nClinton, Essex, Warren, Saratoga and Washington counties in New York, and Bennington, Rutland, Addison, Chittenden, Franklin and Grand Isle counties in Vermont. Attractions located within the National Heritage Area include Fort Ticonderoga, the Lake Champlain Maritime Museum, Saratoga National Historical Park, portions of Adirondack Park and Green Mountain National Forest, Missisquoi National Wildlife Refuge and the Lake Champlain Underwater Historic Preserves. The Champlain Valley National Heritage Area was established by the Champlain Valley National Heritage Act of 2005. It is administered by the Champlain Valley", "id": "9913189" }, { "contents": "Atchafalaya National Heritage Area\n\n\nof the natural and built environment. The heritage area designation recognizes the area's unique environment and culture, and its contributions to music, English and French language, literature, and cuisine. Major locales included in the Heritage Area include Avery Island, New Iberia, Morgan City, Lafayette, Opelousas, Baton Rouge, Plaquemine and Houma. Jean Lafitte National Historical Park, Longfellow-Evangeline State Historic Site and Plaquemine Lock State Historic Site are included in the heritage area, as well as the Louisiana State Museum branches in Baton Rouge", "id": "9171578" }, { "contents": "Bryant Clark\n\n\nBryant W. Clark (born October 31, 1974) is an American politician from the state of Mississippi. A member of the Democratic Party, Clark is a member of the Mississippi House of Representatives, and represents the 47th district. He has served in the Mississippi House since 2004. The district includes parts of Attala, Holmes and Yazoo counties, which is located in central Mississippi. The district comprises both the Hills and Mississippi Delta regions of the state. Clark is a lifelong resident of Ebenezer, located in southern Holmes County", "id": "18412525" }, { "contents": "Louisiana African American Heritage Trail\n\n\nLouisiana African American Heritage Trail () is a cultural heritage trail with 26 sites designated in 2008 by the state of Louisiana, from New Orleans along the Mississippi River to Baton Rouge and Shreveport, with sites in small towns and plantations also included. In New Orleans several sites are within a walking area. Auto travel is required to reach sites outside the city. A variety of African-American museums devoted to art, history and culture are on the \"trail\", as is the Cane River Creole National Historical Park,", "id": "6088712" }, { "contents": "Delta Blues Museum\n\n\nThe Delta Blues Museum in Clarksdale, Mississippi, United States exists to collect, preserve, and provide public access to and awareness of the blues. Along with holdings of significant blues-related memorabilia, the museum also exhibits and collects art portraying the blues tradition, including works by sculptor Floyd Shaman and photographer Birney Imes. The museum is located in the Yazoo and Mississippi Valley Passenger Depot, also known as Illinois Central Passenger Depot or Clarksdale Passenger Depot, which was built in 1926 and listed on the National Register of Historic Places", "id": "19201111" }, { "contents": "Clarksdale, Mississippi\n\n\nClarksdale is a city in Coahoma County, Mississippi, United States, and seat of the county. The western boundary of the county is formed by the Mississippi River. Located in the Mississippi Delta region, Clarksdale is an agricultural and trading center. It has been home to many blues musicians. Clarksdale is named after John Clark, who founded the city in the mid-19th century. Choctaw and Chickasaw Indians occupied the Delta region prior to the arrival of European settlers. Clarksdale was developed at the former intersection of two Indian routes:", "id": "2119137" }, { "contents": "Education segregation in the Mississippi Delta\n\n\nThe Mississippi Delta region has had the most segregated schools -- and for the longest time—of any part of the United States. As recently as the 2016–2017 school year, East Side High School in Cleveland, Mississippi, was practically all black: 359 of 360 students were African-American. The Delta region of Mississippi is nineteen counties in the northwest of the state, bounded on the west by the Mississippi River and the south by the Yazoo River. It is a poor region of the country's poorest state. In", "id": "13439199" } ]

[ { "contents": "Mississippi Delta National Heritage Area\n\n\nMississippi Delta National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area that seeks to preserve and promote the landscape, culture and history of the Mississippi Delta in the northwestern portion of the U.S. state of Mississippi. The region is famous for blues music and a unique culture that has had broad influence on music and literature, both in the United States and worldwide. The national heritage area comprises Bolivar, Carroll, Coahoma, Desoto, Holmes, Humphreys, Issaquena, Leflore, Panola, Quitman, Sharkey, Tallahatchie, Tate, Tunica", "id": "16296069" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta\n\n\nyears. The land is flat and contains some of the most fertile soil in the world. It is two hundred miles long and seventy miles across at its widest point, encompassing approximately 4,415,000 acres, or, some 7,000 square miles of alluvial floodplain. On the east, it is bounded by bluffs extending beyond the Yazoo River. It includes all or part of the following counties: Washington, Western DeSoto, Humphreys, Carroll, Issaquena, Western Panola, Quitman, Bolivar, Coahoma, Leflore, Sunflower, Sharkey, Tate", "id": "15159893" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta Community College\n\n\nof Mississippi in April 1928. The name was changed to Mississippi Delta Junior College in 1960 and to Mississippi Delta Community College in 1989. The official service area of the college includes Bolivar, Humphreys, Issaquena, Leflore, Sharkey, Sunflower, and Washington counties. Coahoma County was originally in the college's service area, but the Mississippi Legislature removed it effective July 1, 1995, and it is now served by the Coahoma Community College. The main campus is located in Moorhead, Mississippi. Stauffer-Wood Administration Building houses", "id": "21307039" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Gulf Coast National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Mississippi Gulf Coast National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area along the Gulf coast of Mississippi. The designated area comprises six counties recognized for their unique cultural and scenic qualities. The National Heritage Area designation provides a unified marketing and promotional framework for the region. The National Heritage Area comprises Pearl River, Stone, George, Hancock, Harrison and Jackson counties. It includes the Mississippi portion of Gulf Islands National Seashore. The area was devastated by Hurricane Katrina in 2005. Much of the national heritage area's efforts", "id": "16361240" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Hills National Heritage Area\n\n\nMississippi Hills National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the northeastern portion of the U.S. state of Mississippi. The designation commemorates the region's impact on American culture and its role in the American Civil War and the American civil rights movement. The national heritage area designation provides a unified marketing and promotion framework for the area. The national heritage area covers all of Marshall, Benton, Tippah, Alcorn, Tishomingo, Lafayette, Union, Pontotoc, Lee, Itawamba, Calhoun, Chickasaw and Monroe counties, and those", "id": "17388610" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River floods of 2019\n\n\nwith some inundated by 15 feet of water. The Yazoo Backwater Area in the Mississippi Delta north of Vicksburg, Mississippi, experienced both record flood stages and record duration of flooding during the winter, spring, and summer of 2019. Portions of Warren, Issaquena, Sharkey, Yazoo, Humphreys, and Washington Counties were flooded. Almost half of the land area of Issaquena and Sharkey Counties experienced flooding. In late May, flood waters covered over 860 square miles (550,000 acres or 220,000 hectares), including about 390 square miles", "id": "13577492" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta\n\n\n, Tunica, Tallahatchie, Western Holmes, Western Yazoo, Western Grenada and Warren. Lexington is also part of the delta. The shifting river delta at the mouth of the Mississippi on the Gulf Coast lies some 300 miles south of this area, and is referred to as the Mississippi River Delta. The two should not be confused. Chinese began settling in Bolivar County and other Delta counties as plantation workers in the 1870s, though most Delta Chinese families migrated to the state between the 1900s and 1930s. Most Chinese immigrants worked", "id": "15159894" }, { "contents": "George W. Gayles\n\n\n1882, and then again in 1884 and 1886. In the House, he represented the 28th district, which included Bolivar, Coahoma, and Quitman County.In the Senate, he represented the ninth district, including Bolivar, Calhoun, and Sunflower counties. He was also chairman of the Third district Republican Convention in 1886 in Mississippi consisting of Bolivar, Coahoma, Issaquena, Leflore, Sunflower, Sharkey, Tunica, Quitman, Washington, and Warren counties. He was the only black state senator in Mississippi during his terms and", "id": "20783617" }, { "contents": "Coahoma County, Mississippi\n\n\nCoahoma County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 26,151. Its county seat is Clarksdale. The Clarksdale, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area includes all of Coahoma County. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region of Mississippi. Coahoma County was established February 9, 1836, and is located in the northwestern part of the state in the fertile Yazoo Delta region. The name \"Coahoma\" is a Choctaw word meaning \"red panther.\" The act creating the county", "id": "10611425" }, { "contents": "Delta Regional Authority\n\n\nMississippi; Jefferson Davis County, Mississippi; Lawrence County, Mississippi; Leflore County, Mississippi; Lafayette County, Mississippi; Madison County, Mississippi; Marion County, Mississippi; Lincoln County, Mississippi; Montgomery County, Mississippi; Panola County, Mississippi; Marshall County, Mississippi; Quitman County, Mississippi; Rankin County, Mississippi; Pike County, Mississippi; Smith County, Mississippi; Sunflower County, Mississippi; Sharkey County, Mississippi; Simpson County, Mississippi; Tippah County, Mississippi; Tallahatchie County, Mississippi; Tate County", "id": "11170384" }, { "contents": "Delta Regional Authority\n\n\nLouisiana; Winn Parish, Louisiana Mississippi Adams County, Mississippi; Amite County, Mississippi; Attala County, Mississippi; Benton County, Mississippi; Bolivar County, Mississippi; Carroll County, Mississippi; Claiborne County, Mississippi; Coahoma County, Mississippi; Copiah County, Mississippi; Covington County, Mississippi; DeSoto County, Mississippi; Franklin County, Mississippi; Grenada County, Mississippi; Hinds County, Mississippi; Holmes County, Mississippi; Humphreys County, Mississippi; Issaquena County, Mississippi; Jasper County, Mississippi; Jefferson County,", "id": "11170383" }, { "contents": "South Park National Heritage Area\n\n\nSouth Park National Heritage Area is a U.S. National Heritage Area encompassing the South Park of Colorado. Established on March 30, 2009 by the Omnibus Public Land Management Act of 2009 (§7002), the South Park NHA is managed by the Park County, Colorado Office of Tourism to promote and interpret the area's natural, scenic, and cultural resources. The National Heritage Area designation funds promotion of the area's mining, recreation, and ranching heritage. The National Heritage Area covers the majority of Park County, including the", "id": "8157140" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Civil Rights Museum\n\n\n2017, the Mississippi Department of Archives and History brought in Pam Junior as the new museum Director. Junior came from the Smith Robertson Museum and Cultural Center in Jackson, where she had been manager since 1999. Junior is a member of the board of directors for the Mississippi Delta National Heritage Area and Mississippi Book Festival and a co-founder of the Mississippi Black Theater Festival The museum hired Hilferty & Associates to design exhibits for the museum, which were fabricated by Exhibit Concepts. Monadnock Media designed the audio portions of the exhibits", "id": "6914076" }, { "contents": "Leflore County, Mississippi\n\n\nLeflore County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 32,317. The county seat is Greenwood. The county is named for Choctaw leader Greenwood LeFlore, who signed a treaty to cede his people's land to the United States in exchange for land in Indian Territory. LeFlore stayed in Mississippi, settling on land reserved for him in Tallahatchie County. Leflore County is part of the Greenwood, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region, with", "id": "10611085" }, { "contents": "Tallahatchie County, Mississippi\n\n\nTallahatchie County is a county in the U.S. state of Mississippi. At the 2010 census, the population was 15,378. Its county seats are Charleston and Sumner. Tallahatchie County is located in the Mississippi Delta region, divided by the Tallahatchie River which runs from north to south through the county before joining what becomes the Yazoo River in LeFlore County. The county was founded on December 31, 1833 after most of the Choctaw Nation was forced out under Indian Removal. Tallahatchie is a Choctaw name meaning \"rock of waters\". The", "id": "10555589" }, { "contents": "National Coal Heritage Area\n\n\nThe National Coal Heritage Area (NCHA) is a federally designated region of thirteen counties in West Virginia that were the source of \"smokeless\" bituminous coal through much of the 20th century. The National Heritage Area recognizes the area's cultural and historic qualities and serves to promote tourism, historic preservation and economic development in the region. The idea of the NCHA was first proposed in the early 1990s by Congressman Nick Rahall, and was established on November 12, 1996 by the 1996 Omnibus Parks and Public Lands Management Act. The", "id": "8963174" }, { "contents": "Muscle Shoals National Heritage Area\n\n\nMuscle Shoals National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the northwestern portion of the U.S. state of Alabama. It is centered on the portion of the Tennessee River around Muscle Shoals and interprets the region's history and culture. Muscle Shoals National Heritage Area comprises Lauderdale, Limestone, Colbert, Franklin, Lawrence and Morgan counties. Significant features of the heritage area include Wheeler Dam, Wilson Dam, Ivy Green, Rosenbaum House, Barton Hall and the northern end of the Natchez Trace. Muscle Shoals National Heritage Area was", "id": "16977602" }, { "contents": "Deer Creek (Mississippi)\n\n\nDeer Creek (also Issaquena Creek or Lower Deer Creek) is a creek in the U.S. state of Mississippi. Its source is Lake Bolivar, in Scott, Bolivar County, Mississippi. As Deer Creek flows south through the Mississippi Delta, it passes through the following counties: Bolivar, Washington, Sharkey, Issaquena, and Warren; and through the following communities: Metcalfe, Stoneville, Leland, Burdett, Arcola, Hollandale, Panther Burn, Nitta Yuma, Anguilla, Rolling Fork, Cary, Onward, and Valley Park.", "id": "1520113" }, { "contents": "Money, Mississippi\n\n\nMoney is an unincorporated Mississippi Delta community near Greenwood in Leflore County, Mississippi, United States. It has fewer than 100 residents, down from 400 in the early 1950s when a cotton mill operated there. Money is located on a railroad line along the Tallahatchie River, a tributary of the Yazoo River in the eastern part of the Mississippi Delta. The community has ZIP code 38945 in the Greenwood, Mississippi micropolitan area. Money is the site of the 1955 lynching of 14-year-old Emmett Till by white men, an event", "id": "15040548" }, { "contents": "Sharkey County, Mississippi\n\n\nSharkey County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. Part of the western border is formed by the Yazoo River. According to the 2010 census, the population was 4,916, making it the second-least populous county in Mississippi. Its county seat is Rolling Fork. The county is named after William L. Sharkey, the provisional Governor of Mississippi in 1865. Sharkey County is located in the Mississippi Delta region. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of , of which is land", "id": "10555635" }, { "contents": "Oil Region National Heritage Area\n\n\nOil Region National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the northwestern portion of the U.S. state of Pennsylvania. The national heritage area commemorates and promotes the region surrounding Edwin Drake's oil well of 1859 near Titusville, which gave rise to the modern oil industry. The national heritage area includes all of Venango County and a portion of Crawford County, including Titusville and Oil Creek Township The Oil Region National Heritage Area was established by Public Law 108-447 in 2004. It is administered by the Oil Region Alliance.", "id": "17389123" }, { "contents": "Delta National Forest\n\n\nDelta National Forest is a U.S. National Forest in western Mississippi, located in Sharkey County, and has an area of . Delta is operated as the Sunflower Wildlife Management Area. The forest is headquartered in Jackson, as are all six National Forests in Mississippi, but Delta Ranger District office is located in Rolling Fork. It is one of only six National Forests that are contained entirely within a single county and the only bottomland hardwood forest in the National Forest system. The Green Ash-Overcup Oak-Sweetgum Research Natural Areas within", "id": "3631940" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\ninfluences in the Mississippi River Delta. They continue to shape preferences of food, music, and art, as well as to maintain the unique identities existing in the southernmost parts of the region. Both cultures speak a form of French; but they are considered to be autonomous and distinct dialects. From 1910–1920, New Orleans became the birthplace of jazz and since has continued its legacy of being home to budding musicians and new musical experiences, tying music directly to its unique culture and diverse heritage. The origins of jazz and blues", "id": "16619580" }, { "contents": "Journey Through Hallowed Ground National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Journey Through Hallowed Ground National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in portions of Pennsylvania, West Virginia, Maryland and Virginia, in the eastern United States. The Journey Through Hallowed Ground National Heritage Area was established on May 8, 2008 by Public Law 110-229, the Consolidated Natural Resources Act of 2008.The designation provides a framework for the promotion and interpretation of the area's cultural and historic character, with particular emphasis on the region's role in the American Civil War, and the preservation of the natural", "id": "13516660" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta\n\n\nThe Mississippi Delta, also known as the Yazoo-Mississippi Delta, is the distinctive northwest section of the U.S. state of Mississippi (and portions of Arkansas and Louisiana) which lies between the Mississippi and Yazoo Rivers. The region has been called \"The Most Southern Place on Earth\" (\"Southern\" in the sense of \"characteristic of its region, the American South\"), because of its unique racial, cultural, and economic history. It is long and across at its widest point, encompassing about , or", "id": "15159888" }, { "contents": "Freedom's Way National Heritage Area\n\n\nFreedom's Way National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing portions of northern Massachusetts and southern New Hampshire. The heritage area includes sites significant to the American Revolution, cultural sites associated with Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau, and Native American sites. The heritage area seeks to preserve the region's landscape and historic structures. The National Heritage Area includes Minute Man National Historical Park, portions of Middlesex and Worcester counties in Massachusetts, and portions of Hillsborough County, New Hampshire, an area including a total of", "id": "14966358" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta\n\n\nside of the Mississippi River, another area of high poverty). The 1990s state legalization of casino gambling in Mississippi has boosted the Delta's economy, particularly in the areas of Tunica and Vicksburg. A large cultural influence in the region is its history of hunting and fishing. Hunting in the Delta is primarily for game such as whitetail deer, wild turkey, and waterfowl, along with many small game species (squirrel, rabbit, dove, quail, raccoon, etc.) For many years, the hunting and fishing", "id": "15159912" }, { "contents": "Baltimore National Heritage Area\n\n\nBaltimore National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing portions of Baltimore, Maryland, USA. The designated area includes the central portion of the city, waterfront, inner neighborhoods and portions of the city's park system. The district includes Fort McHenry and the Inner Harbor, as well as portions of the Charles Street, Falls Road, National Historic Seaport and Star Spangled Banner Maryland Scenic Byways. The Baltimore National Heritage Area was established on March 30, 2009 by the Omnibus Public Land Management Act of 2009 (§", "id": "8582841" }, { "contents": "B.B. King Museum\n\n\nThe B.B. King Museum and Delta Interpretive Center is a Delta blues museum with the mission to \"empower, unite and heal through music, art and education and share with the world the rich cultural heritage of the Mississippi Delta.\" The museum, named for blues legend, B.B. King, is located in his hometown of Indianola, Mississippi, in the United States. The B.B. King Museum and Delta Interpretive Center opened in Indianola Mississippi on September 13, 2008. The museum features a restored brick cotton gin building in which B.B.", "id": "17262603" }, { "contents": "Louise, Mississippi\n\n\nLouise is a town in Humphreys County, Mississippi. The population was 199 at the 2010 census, down from 315 at the 2000 census. Louise is located in southern Humphreys County at (32.981549, -90.591624), along Silver Creek in the Mississippi Delta region. Mississippi Highway 149 passes just east of the town, leading north to U.S. Route 49W at Silver City and south via Mississippi Highway 16 to Yazoo City. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town of Louise has a total area of , all land.", "id": "2222822" }, { "contents": "Arkansas Delta\n\n\nblues and gospel traditions. The East Central Delta area has produced a small number of talented and influential R&B artists. Arkansas's blues Influence, shares a rich heritage with Mississippi and Memphis, Tennessee. Arkansas was home to numerous blues masters, who are held in high esteem by newer generations learning blues history. Arkansas blues artists influenced decades of pop culture music by such artists as Muddy Waters, Little Milton, B.B. King, Eric Clapton, Jeff Beck, Joe Bonamassa, Stevie Ray Vaughan, George Harrison and the Rolling Stones", "id": "6558115" }, { "contents": "Cruger, Mississippi\n\n\nCruger is a town in Holmes County, Mississippi, United States. The population was 386 at the 2010 census, down from 449 at the 2000 census. Cruger is in the northwest corner of Holmes County, in the Mississippi Delta region along U.S. Route 49E. Greenwood is north of Cruger via US 49E, and Yazoo City is to the south. According to the United States Census Bureau, Cruger has a total area of , all land. As of the census of 2000, there were 449 people, 161 households, and", "id": "2222747" }, { "contents": "Carroll County, Mississippi\n\n\nCarroll County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 10,597. Its county seats are Carollton and Vaiden. The county is named for Charles Carroll of Carrollton, the last surviving signatory of the U.S. Declaration of Independence. Carroll County is part of the Greenwood, Micropolitan Statistical Area. Bordered by the Yazoo River on the west and the Big Black River to the east, it is considered within the Mississippi Delta region. Most of its land is in the hill country", "id": "10611479" }, { "contents": "Minter City, Mississippi\n\n\nMinter City is an unincorporated community located in Leflore County and in Tallahatchie County, Mississippi. It is part of the Greenwood, Mississippi micropolitan area, and is within the Mississippi Delta. Mississippi Highway 8 intersects U.S. Route 49E southwest of Minter City, and the Tallahatchie River flows to the east. There is a post office located on U.S. Route 49E, with a ZIP code of 38944. Variant names for the original settlement were \"Walnut Place Landing\" and \"Minter City Landing\". Spanish explorer Hernando de Soto may have", "id": "12467995" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta AVA\n\n\nThe Mississippi Delta AVA is an American Viticultural Area on the left (east) bank of the Mississippi River, between Memphis, Tennessee, and Vicksburg, Mississippi. It includes portions of the Mississippi Delta and the watershed of the lower Mississippi River in the U.S. states of Louisiana (west bank), Mississippi, and Tennessee. Since the creation of the AVA in 1984, there has been very little viticulture in the Mississippi Delta region. Mississippi State University established an enology laboratory to research grape cultivation in the area, but little", "id": "16585963" }, { "contents": "Greenwood, Mississippi\n\n\nGreenwood is a city in and the county seat of Leflore County, Mississippi, located at the eastern edge of the Mississippi Delta, approximately 96 miles north of the state capital, Jackson, Mississippi, and 130 miles south of the riverport of Memphis, Tennessee. It was a center of cotton planter culture in the 19th century. The population was 16,087 at the 2010 census. It is the principal city of the Greenwood Micropolitan Statistical Area. Greenwood developed at the confluence of the Tallahatchie and the Yalobusha rivers, which form the", "id": "3378194" }, { "contents": "Bolivar County, Mississippi\n\n\nBolivar County ( ) is a county located on the western border of the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 34,145. Its county seats are Rosedale and Cleveland. The county is named in honor of Simón Bolívar, early 19th-century leader of the liberation of several South American colonies from Spain. The Cleveland, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area includes all of Bolivar County. It is located in the Mississippi Delta, or Yazoo Basin, of Mississippi. This area was first developed for cotton plantations", "id": "10611493" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nmusic in the region is closely connected to the Mississippi River and the delta, as the location allowed for an influx of cultural influences, including blues and bluegrass music from upriver, to the African and Latin folk hymns and music from the Caribbean islands. The delta is still synonymous with the sounds of jazz, funk and zydeco and remains to be an important cultural hub for new sounds and music, bringing thousands to the area every year to experience the lifestyle and participate in the natural rhythms of the area. The region is", "id": "16619581" }, { "contents": "Essex National Heritage Commission\n\n\nThe Essex National Heritage Commission (ENHC) is a non-profit organization charted to oversee the Essex National Heritage Area, a National Heritage Area composed of all of Essex County, Massachusetts. The commission promotes the cultural heritage with public and private partnerships and with the National Park Service by developing programs that enhance, preserve and encourage regional awareness of the area's unique historic, cultural and natural resources. The commission is based in Salem. The organization has sponsored a number of events and programs that celebrate the region’s history,", "id": "16440799" }, { "contents": "Blue Ridge National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Blue Ridge National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing the twenty-five westernmost counties of North Carolina, which are associated with the Blue Ridge Mountains. The designation provides a framework for the promotion and interpretation of the area's cultural and historic character, and the preservation of the natural and built environment. The National Heritage Area includes the North Carolina portions of Great Smoky Mountains National Park and the Blue Ridge Parkway. Other attractions include Mount Mitchell in Pisgah National Forest, Nantahala National Forest and the North Carolina", "id": "9719864" }, { "contents": "Poverty Point\n\n\nPoverty Point State Historic Site (; 16 WC 5) is a prehistoric earthwork constructed by the Poverty Point culture. The Poverty Point site is located in present-day northeastern Louisiana though evidence of the Poverty Point culture extends throughout much of the Southeastern United States. The culture extended across the Mississippi Delta and south to the Gulf Coast. The Poverty Point site has been designated as a U.S. National Monument, a U.S. National Historic Landmark, and UNESCO World Heritage Site. Located in the Southern United States, the site is from the", "id": "10100047" }, { "contents": "Geography of Arkansas\n\n\nState Park, Delta Heritage Trail State Park, Felsenthal National Wildlife Refuge, Lake Chicot State Park, Mississippi River State Park, Overflow National Wildlife Refuge and White River National Wildlife Refuge. The flat topography and fertile soils of Southeast Arkansas have been important to the region throughout its history, first to the Native American that inhabited the region. This history is available today at museums like the Pine Bluff/Jefferson County Historical Museum. The area was one of the first explored and settled in Arkansas; including the territorial capital at Arkansas", "id": "17334085" }, { "contents": "Tchula, Mississippi\n\n\nhad vanished, partly due to increased use of machines in agriculture. Many businesses formerly in the town had disappeared. Tchula is in western Holmes County along Tchula Lake, an old river channel in the Mississippi Delta region of the state. U.S. Route 49E passes through the center of town, leading north to Greenwood and southwest to Yazoo. Mississippi Highway 12 leads southeast from Tchula to Lexington, the Holmes County seat. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of , of which , or 2.31", "id": "2222794" }, { "contents": "Freedom's Frontier National Heritage Area\n\n\nFreedom's Frontier National Heritage Area, Inc. (FFNHA) is a federally designated U.S. National Heritage Area located in eastern Kansas and Western Missouri. This heritage area preserves, conserves, and interprets historic and cultural landscapes pertaining to: the shaping of the frontier, the Missouri-Kansas Border War, and the enduring struggle for freedom. FFNHA was authorized on October 12, 2006, with the passage of the National Heritage Areas Act of 2006. The management plan for the heritage area was approved by the Board of Trustees on June", "id": "353294" }, { "contents": "Sunflower County, Mississippi\n\n\nSunflower County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 29,450. Its largest city and county seat is Indianola. Sunflower County comprises the Indianola, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is included in the Cleveland-Indianola, MS Combined Statistical Area. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region. Sunflower Country was created in 1844. The land mass encompassed most of Sunflower and Leflore Counties as we know them today. The first seat of government was Clayton, located near", "id": "10555603" }, { "contents": "Atchafalaya National Heritage Area\n\n\nAtchafalaya National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing parts of fourteen parishes along the Atchafalaya River in the U.S. State of Louisiana. The heritage area extends the length of the Atchafalaya Basin from the area of Ferriday in the north to the river's mouth beyond Morgan City. The National Heritage Area is divided into four regions: Upper, Between 2 Rivers, Bayou Teche Corridor and the Coastal Zone. The designation provides a framework for the promotion and interpretation of the area's cultural and historic character, and the preservation", "id": "9171577" }, { "contents": "Niagara Falls National Heritage Area\n\n\nNiagara Falls National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing the Niagara Falls region of the U.S. State of New York. The heritage area includes the communities of Niagara Falls, Youngstown and Lewiston. The designation provides a framework for the promotion and interpretation of the area's cultural and historic character, and the preservation of the natural and built environment. The heritage area designation recognizes the area's importance to Native Americans, to early European explorers of America, the American Revolution, the War of 1812 and the area's", "id": "9115304" }, { "contents": "Warren County, Mississippi\n\n\nWarren County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 48,773. Its county seat is Vicksburg. Created by legislative act of 22 December 1809, Warren County is named for American Revolutionary War officer Joseph Warren. Part of the Mississippi Delta and the historic cotton culture, Warren County is included in the Vicksburg, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Jackson-Vicksburg-Brookhaven, MS Combined Statistical Area. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the", "id": "10555530" }, { "contents": "Greenwood, Mississippi micropolitan area\n\n\nThe Greenwood Micropolitan Statistical Area is a micropolitan area in the northwestern Delta region of Mississippi that covers two counties - Leflore and Carroll. As of the 2000 census, the μSA had a population of 48,716 (though a July 1, 2009 estimate placed the population at 44,841). As of the census of 2000, there were 48,716 people, 17,027 households, and 11,956 families residing within the μSA. The racial makeup of the μSA was 37.22% White, 60.85% African American, 0.10% Native American, 0.54% Asian", "id": "8919330" }, { "contents": "James Thomas (blues musician)\n\n\n\". In 1985, his work was featured in the prestigious Corcoran Gallery in Washington, D.C., where he was introduced to Nancy Reagan, then the First Lady. Thomas's skulls are on display in the Delta Blues Museum, in Clarksdale, Mississippi, and the Highway 61 Blues Museum, in Leland, Mississippi. Thomas played at numerous blues festivals and private parties throughout the area, including the Mississippi Delta Blues and Heritage Festival in Greenville. In the 1970s, Eddie Cusic performed with Thomas at regular engagements. Together they", "id": "17330513" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nand is an important coastal region for the United States, containing more than of coastal wetlands and 37% of the estuarine marsh in the conterminous U.S. The coastal area is the nation's largest drainage basin and drains about 41% of the contiguous United States into the Gulf of Mexico at an average rate of . The modern Mississippi River Delta formed over the last approximately 4,500 years as the Mississippi River deposited sand, clay and silt along its banks and in adjacent basins. The Mississippi River Delta is a river-dominated delta system", "id": "16619564" }, { "contents": "Arabia Mountain National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Arabia Mountain National Heritage Area is a National Heritage Area in the U.S. state of Georgia that encompasses natural, cultural, and historical elements to form a cohesive, nationally significant environment. The area is due east of Atlanta and spans reaching from the historic commercial center of Lithonia to the Monastery of the Holy Spirit in Conyers, including a number of sites in between, including Panola Mountain State Park, Davidson-Arabia Mountain Nature Preserve, the Mall at Stonecrest, and more. The Heritage Area was established in 2006, and", "id": "352970" }, { "contents": "Sangre de Cristo National Heritage Area\n\n\nSangre de Cristo National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the south central portion of the U.S. state of Colorado. The heritage area includes the San Luis Valley and portions of the Sangre de Cristo Range. The region combines influences of Anglo-American, Hispano-American and Native American influences. It also includes portions of the upper Rio Grande valley. The national heritage area includes Alamosa, Costilla, and Conejos counties, and portions of Saguache and Rio Grande counties. It also includes within its boundaries Great Sand", "id": "17389640" }, { "contents": "Delta State–Mississippi College football rivalry\n\n\nThe Delta State–Mississippi College football rivalry, commonly known as the Heritage Bell Classic, is a college football rivalry game between a public university and a private Christian college in the U.S. state of Mississippi, the Delta State University Statesmen and the Mississippi College Choctaws. The current winner is Delta State, who won, 28–21, on November 10, 2018. Delta State leads the all-time series, 22–15–2. The Delta State Statesmen were co-founding members of the Gulf South Conference in 1970. Mississippi College joined the", "id": "15797675" }, { "contents": "Delta blues\n\n\nDelta blues is one of the earliest-known styles of blues music. It originated in the Mississippi Delta, a region of the U.S. stretching from Memphis, Tennessee, in the north to Vicksburg, Mississippi, in the south and from Helena, Arkansas, in the west to the Yazoo River in the east. The Mississippi Delta is famous for its fertile soil and for its poverty. Delta blues is regarded as a regional variant of country blues. Guitar and harmonica are its dominant instruments; slide guitar is a hallmark of", "id": "7794018" }, { "contents": "Arkansas Delta\n\n\na decline. Charles Bowden of \"National Geographic\" wrote, \"By 1970 the sharecropping world was already disappearing, and the landscape of today—huge fields, giant machines, battered towns, few people—beginning to emerge.\" The Arkansas Delta is known for its rich musical heritage. While defined primarily by its deep blues/gospel roots, it is distinguished somewhat from its Mississippi Delta counterpart by more intricately interwoven country music and R&B elements. Arkansas blues musicians have defined every genre of blues from its inception, including", "id": "6558110" }, { "contents": "Greenwood High School (Mississippi)\n\n\nGreenwood High School is a public high school located in Greenwood, Leflore County, in the U.S. state of Mississippi. The school is part of the Greenwood Public School District. Greenwood, Mississippi, is a town of slightly over 15,000 residents located on the banks of the Yazoo River about south of Memphis, Tennessee, and about north of Jackson, Mississippi. The city and county are named after Greenwood Leflore, the designated leader of the Choctaw nation who ceded Mississippi land under pressure of the 1830 Indian Removal Act to the United", "id": "4541464" }, { "contents": "Upper Housatonic Valley National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Upper Housatonic Valley National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the U.S. states of Connecticut and Massachusetts. The heritage area interprets and promotes the historical, cultural and scenic features of the upper Housatonic River valley in the western part of both states. The heritage area focuses on five themes: the area's role as a resort for writers, artists, actors and musicians, the scenic landscape, the area's role in industry, the American Revolutionary War, and the social and religious groups associated with the area", "id": "17597179" }, { "contents": "National Heritage Area\n\n\nA National Heritage Area is a site designated by United States and intended to encourage historic preservation of the area and an appreciation of the history and heritage of the site. There are currently 55 National Heritage Areas, some of which use variations of the title, such as National Heritage Corridor. National Heritage Areas (NHAs) are not National Park Service units or federally owned or managed land. NHAs are administered by state governments or non-profit organizations or other private corporations, referred to as \"local coordinating entities\". The", "id": "2301876" }, { "contents": "Lackawanna Heritage Valley National and State Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Lackawanna Heritage Valley National and State Heritage Area is a state and federally designated National Heritage Area in northeastern Pennsylvania. It was initially established in 1991 as the first State Heritage Park in Pennsylvania, and was additionally designated a National Heritage Area in 2000. The designations recognize the area's heritage of industry, architecture, history and natural resources, and provide a framework for development and promotion of these features. The Lackawanna Heritage Valley National and State Heritage Area is managed by the Lackawanna Heritage Valley Authority, or LHVA. The National", "id": "16220344" }, { "contents": "Kenai Mountains – Turnagain Arm National Heritage Area\n\n\nKenai Mountains – Turnagain Arm National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the U.S. state of Alaska. The heritage area extends across the northern part of the Kenai Peninsula, immediately to the north and east of Kenai Fjords National Park. The designation recognizes the area's unique cultural, scenic and historical features and provides a unified organization for promotion of the area's attractions. The Kenai Mountains – Turnagain Arm National Heritage Area (KMTA) includes the road corridor between Seward and Hope and Whittier, from Resurrection Bay in", "id": "16167272" }, { "contents": "Mayersville, Mississippi\n\n\nMayersville is a town on the east bank of the Mississippi River, and the county seat for Issaquena County, Mississippi, United States. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region, known for cotton cultivation in the antebellum era. Once the trading center for the county, the town was superseded when railroads were built into the area. The population of the majority-black town was 547 at the 2010 census, down from 795 at the 2000 census. Native Americans had lived in this area since prehistoric times. The Mayersville", "id": "2222833" }, { "contents": "Crenshaw, Mississippi\n\n\nCrenshaw is a town in Panola and Quitman counties in the U.S. state of Mississippi. The population was 916 at the 2000 census. Crenshaw is located at (34.502661, -90.195841). Most of the town is in Panola County with a small portion on the west side in Quitman County. In the 2000 census, 697 of the town's 916 residents (76.1%) lived in Panola County and 219 (23.9%) in Quitman County. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of", "id": "17931693" }, { "contents": "Panola County, Mississippi\n\n\nPanola County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 34,707. Its county seats are Sardis and Batesville. Panola is the anglicization of \"ponolo\", a word meaning thread in both old Choctaw and Chickasaw and cotton in modern Choctaw. The county is located just east of the Mississippi Delta and bisected by the Tallahatchie River flowing to the southwest, separating the two county seats. Panola County was established February 9, 1836, and is one of the twelve large", "id": "10555705" }, { "contents": "MotorCities National Heritage Area\n\n\nMotorCities National Heritage Area or Motor Cities National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area that commemorates and promotes the automobile industry in Metro Detroit, with portions of 16 counties in southern Michigan, United States. The scope of the heritage area includes sites and events relating to the motor industry as well as the industry's impact on labor, society and the environment. The heritage area comprises more than 1200 automotive-related sites, including the Henry Ford Museum, Fair Lane, various Ford plants, the Automotive Hall of Fame", "id": "16976479" }, { "contents": "Great Basin National Heritage Area\n\n\nGreat Basin National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in Nevada and Utah, including White Pine County, Nevada and Millard County, Utah. The area was designated to recognize and promote the scenic and cultural resources associated with this central portion of the Great Basin. The National Heritage Area includes Great Basin National Park and portions of Humboldt-Toiyabe and Fishlake National Forests, as well as Fort Deseret, Sevier Lake and the Topaz War Relocation Center. Great Basin National Heritage Area was designated on October 13, 2006.", "id": "15909144" }, { "contents": "Crowder, Mississippi\n\n\nCrowder is a town in Panola and Quitman counties in the state of Mississippi. The population was 766 at the 2000 census. Most of Crowder is in Quitman County with a portion on the east in adjacent Panola County. In the 2000 census, 462 of the town's 766 residents (60.3%) lived in Quitman County and 304 (39.7%) in Panola County. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 0.4 square miles (1.2 km², all land. As of the", "id": "17931698" }, { "contents": "Rivers of Steel National Heritage Area\n\n\nRivers of Steel National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in southwestern Pennsylvania, centered on Pittsburgh and oriented around the interpretation and promotion of the region's steel-making heritage. The area roughly covers the valleys of the Ohio, Monongahela and lower Allegheny rivers. Major interpretive locations include the Carrie Furnace, Pinkerton's Landing Bridge and other features of the Homestead Steel Works. The national heritage area comprises Allegheny, Armstrong, Beaver, Butler, Greene, Fayette, Washington and Westmoreland counties. Rivers of Steel National Heritage", "id": "17389345" }, { "contents": "Crowley's Ridge Parkway\n\n\nroute which allowed the traveler to experience the Southern heritage of the area. The National Scenic Byway designation came the following year, with an extension into Missouri in 2000. The majority of the route is in Arkansas, and the parkway begins in Phillips County, Arkansas, in Helena-West Helena very near the Helena Bridge over the Mississippi River. Beginning at US Route 49 (US 49) and running north with US 49 Business (US 49B), the route passes historic properties including the Delta Cultural Center, the Jerome", "id": "1149985" }, { "contents": "Issaquena County, Mississippi\n\n\nIssaquena County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 1,406, making it the least populous county in the United States east of the Mississippi River. Its county seat is Mayersville. With a per-capita income of $18,598, Issaquena County is the poorest county in the United States. Issaquena County is located in the Mississippi Delta region. The Mississippi River flows along the entire western boundary of the county, and many of the earliest communities were river ports.", "id": "10611264" }, { "contents": "Delta Regional Authority\n\n\n, Mississippi; Tunica County, Mississippi; Union County, Mississippi; Walthall County, Mississippi; Warren County, Mississippi; Washington County, Mississippi; Wilkinson County, Mississippi; Yalobusha County, Mississippi; Yazoo County, Mississippi Missouri Bollinger County, Missouri; Butler County, Missouri; Cape Girardeau County, Missouri; Carter County, Missouri; Crawford County, Missouri; Dent County, Missouri; Douglas County, Missouri; Dunklin County, Missouri; Howell County, Missouri; Iron County, Missouri; Madison County, Missouri; Mississippi", "id": "11170385" }, { "contents": "Tunica County, Mississippi\n\n\nTunica County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 10,778. Its county seat is Tunica. The county is named for the Tunica Native Americans. Most migrated to central Louisiana during the colonial period. Tunica County is part of the Memphis, TN-MS-AR Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region. Since the late 20th century, it is known for Tunica Resorts (formerly Robinsonville), an unincorporated community that is the site", "id": "10555567" }, { "contents": "Emmett Till\n\n\nin the Mississippi Delta are memorialized as associated with Till. Emmett Till was born in 1941 in Chicago; he was the son of Mamie Carthan (1921–2003) and Louis Till (1922–1945). Emmett's mother Mamie was born in the small Delta town of Webb, Mississippi. The Delta region encompasses the large, multi-county area of northwestern Mississippi in the watershed of the Yazoo and Mississippi rivers. When Carthan was two years old, her family moved to Argo, Illinois, as part of the Great Migration of rural", "id": "2570054" }, { "contents": "History of New Orleans\n\n\nUnion during the Civil War. With its rich and unique cultural and architectural heritage, it remains a major destination for tourism, conventions, and major sports events, even after the major destruction and loss of life resulting from Hurricane Katrina in 2005. The land mass that was to become the city of New Orleans was formed around 2200 BC when the Mississippi River deposited silt creating the delta region. Before Europeans founded the settlement, the area was inhabited by Native Americans for about 1300 years. The Mississippian culture peoples built mounds and", "id": "3084005" }, { "contents": "B.B. King Museum\n\n\nKing worked in the 1940s. The museum also contains an extensive collection of artifacts owned by King and displays exhibits about his life and the lives of other musicians of the delta region and the culture where the blues arose. The museum commemorates the famous blues artist, B.B King, who was from the Mississippi Delta. The museum has multiple exhibits highlighting King's Delta Blue music. Exhibits include interactive exhibits, King memorabilia, and stories. The museum seeks to help preserve Delta Blues and its culture by promoting its importance. In", "id": "17262604" }, { "contents": "Missouri Bootheel\n\n\nwrites: Given the population in the area, even a moderately sized earthquake would be disastrous. The Bootheel (pronounced Boothill in the region) is on the edge of the Mississippi Delta culture that produced the Delta blues. Its relatively large black population makes it distinct from the rest of rural Missouri. The area has a unique rural black culture reflected in its music, churches and other traditions. The black population ranges from about 26% in Pemiscot County, to 15% in New Madrid County, and about 9% in", "id": "12618286" }, { "contents": "Moorhead, Mississippi\n\n\nMoorhead is a city in Sunflower County, Mississippi. As of the 2000 census, the city population was 2,573. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of , of which is land and 0.77% is water. Moorhead is along U.S. Route 82, east of Indianola. Moorhead is located at the intersection of the Southern and Yazoo Delta railroads. This is the origin of the legendary blues crossroads phrase \"where the Southern cross the Dog\". As of the 2010 United States Census,", "id": "2223816" }, { "contents": "Blanche Bruce\n\n\nsteamboat porter on the Mississippi River. In 1864, he moved to Hannibal, Missouri, where he established a school for black children. In 1868, during Reconstruction, Bruce relocated to Bolivar near Cleveland in northwestern Mississippi, at which he purchased a Mississippi Delta plantation. He became a wealthy landowner of several thousand acres in the Mississippi Delta. He was appointed to the positions of Tallahatchie County registrar of voters and tax assessor before he won an election for sheriff in Bolivar County. He later was elected to other county positions,", "id": "13640962" }, { "contents": "Delta, Mississippi\n\n\nDelta is a ghost town in Coahoma County, Mississippi, United States. Once a thriving port on the Mississippi River, Delta today is covered by farmland and a portion of the Mississippi Levee. Nothing remains of the original settlement. The county seat was moved from Port Royal to Delta in 1842. In 1844, Delta was surveyed and laid off into lots. The town had a population of about 700, and was a busy steamboat port. Delta incorporated in 1848. That same year, the river flooded the town,", "id": "8584565" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nbenefits that are unique to the region. These vital resources are at constant risk of being lost with the continual land loss and the decreasing size of the natural coastal area. The Mississippi River Delta has a strong economy which relies heavily on tourism and recreational activities such as fishing, hunting and wildlife watching as well as commercial fishing, oil, gas, and shipping industries. There are a number of major industries in the Mississippi River Delta that drive the local and national economy, including: In total, the five Gulf Coast", "id": "16619584" }, { "contents": "Holmes County, Mississippi\n\n\nHolmes County is a county in the U.S. state of Mississippi; its western border is formed by the Yazoo River and the eastern border by the Big Black River. The western part of the county is within the Yazoo-Mississippi Delta. As of the 2010 census, the population was 19,198. Its county seat is Lexington. The county is named in honor of David Holmes, territorial governor and the first governor of the state of Mississippi and later United States Senator for Mississippi. A favorite son, Edmond Favor Noel, was", "id": "10611282" }, { "contents": "Greenville, Mississippi\n\n\nGreenville is a city in, and the county seat of, Washington County, Mississippi, United States. The population was 34,400 at the 2010 census. It is located in the area of historic cotton plantations and culture known as the Mississippi Delta. This area was occupied by indigenous peoples for thousands of years. When the French explored here, they encountered the historic Natchez people. As part of their colony known as \"La Louisiane\", the French established a settlement at what became Natchez, Mississippi. Other Native American tribes", "id": "2224007" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nartery. In addition to shipping, local and commercial fisheries continued to expand. The discovery of vast oil and gas deposits brought further economic and environmental changes to the delta. Despite these profound changes, the delta today remains very much rooted in the vibrant cultural and social traditions of its residents. The Mississippi River Delta is home to more than two million people. The location of the delta at the mouth of the Mississippi River allowed for the area to be a cultural gateway into the United States, and influenced the mix of", "id": "16619576" }, { "contents": "Essex Heritage\n\n\nEssex Heritage is a non-profit organization charted to promote the cultural heritage of Essex County in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. Working with both public and private partnerships and with the National Park Service, the group supports and develops programs that enhance, preserve and encourage regional awareness of the area’s unique historic, cultural and natural resources. Headquartered in Salem, Massachusetts, the Commission services the 34 communities of Essex County. It has been recognized by the United States Congress in recognition of the important role that this region played in American", "id": "16609234" }, { "contents": "Washington County, Mississippi\n\n\nWashington County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 51,137. Its county seat is Greenville. The county is named in honor of the first President of the United States, George Washington. The Greenville, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area includes all of Washington County. It is located in the Mississippi Delta. Located in the Mississippi Delta, Washington County was first developed for cotton cultivation in the antebellum years. Most plantations were developed to have access to the rivers, which", "id": "10555522" }, { "contents": "Mississippi\n\n\nIsland. The northwest remainder of the state consists of the Mississippi Delta, a section of the Mississippi Alluvial Plain. The plain is narrow in the south and widens north of Vicksburg. The region has rich soil, partly made up of silt which had been regularly deposited by the flood waters of the Mississippi River. Areas under the management of the National Park Service include: Mississippi City Population Rankings of at least 50,000 (United States Census Bureau as of 2017): Mississippi City Population Rankings of at least 20,000 but fewer than", "id": "21293458" }, { "contents": "Belzoni, Mississippi\n\n\nBelzoni ( ) is a city in Humphreys County, Mississippi, in the Mississippi Delta region, on the Yazoo River. The population was 2,235 at the 2010 census. It is the county seat of Humphreys County. It was named for the 19th-century Italian archaeologist/explorer Giovanni Battista Belzoni. The area was named Farm-Raised Catfish Capital of the World in 1976 by then Governor Cliff Finch, since it produces more farm-raised catfish than any other U.S. county. About of the county are under water in ponds", "id": "2222804" }, { "contents": "2011 Mississippi River floods\n\n\nfrom Vicksburg was cut off for more than two weeks. U.S. Highway 61 between Vicksburg and Port Gibson was closed by backwater flooding along the Big Black River on May 12; it reopened June 1. Another portion of U.S. Highway 61 near Redwood was closed by backwater flooding along the Yazoo River on May 13 and was closed until June 3. In anticipation of major flooding, the U.S. federal government declared 14 counties along the Mississippi River, the Thames River: Adams, Bolivar, Claiborne, Coahoma, DeSoto, Humphreys, Issaquena", "id": "8214155" }, { "contents": "Memphis, Tennessee\n\n\nother places in the world could offer cheaper labor, and the workforce was undereducated for today's challenges. The Memphis Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA), the 42nd largest in the United States, has a 2010 population of 1,316,100 and includes the Tennessee counties of Shelby, Tipton and Fayette; as well as the northern Mississippi counties of DeSoto, Marshall, Tate, and Tunica; and Crittenden County, Arkansas, all part of the Mississippi Delta. The total metropolitan area has a higher proportion of whites and a higher per capita", "id": "4225772" }, { "contents": "Northern Plains National Heritage Area\n\n\nNorthern Plains National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area along an length of the Missouri River in central North Dakota. The heritage area promotes and interprets the scenic, cultural and historic heritage of the region. It extends from Knife River Indian Villages National Historic Site to Huff Indian Village State Historic Site The area interprets the history of the Three Affiliated Tribes, the passage of the Lewis and Clark Expedition, the fur trade, steamboats on the Missouri and Fort Abraham Lincoln. It also interprets the area's association with the", "id": "17044952" }, { "contents": "Tornado outbreak of April 22–25, 2010\n\n\ncrossed the Mississippi River shortly thereafter, and damaged or destroyed numerous homes on the north side of Eagle Lake. The tornado then moved across the Delta National Forest in Issaquena and Sharkey Counties, causing major tree damage. The tornado again caused significant home damage northwest of Satartia, and again as it crossed Highway 3 near the Crupp community. The tornado then moved through rural areas southwest of Yazoo City, causing major damage or total destruction of a number of homes, as well as intense tree damage. As the tornado approached the", "id": "5566995" }, { "contents": "Segregation academy\n\n\npercent of Virginia's non-Hispanic white students attended these isolated schools., In Mississippi, many of the segregation academies were first established in the black-majority Mississippi Delta region in northwestern Mississippi. The Delta has historically had a very large majority-black population, related to the history of the use of slave labor on cotton plantations. The potential for integration resulted in white parents' establishing segregation academies in every county in the Delta. Many academies are still operating, from Indianola, Mississippi to Humphreys County. These schools", "id": "16560206" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nnationalities which settled in the area over time, forming the diversity of the region. Louisiana's first 18th century colonists were French, but they were soon joined by Spanish and Acadian settlers. The region has been home to other European-immigrant ethnic groups, beginning in the 19th century, including German, Sicilian, and Irish. There are also the Africans, West Indians, and Native Americans in the mix. The combination of these groups over time has created the special culture found in the Mississippi River Delta. Two unique", "id": "16619577" }, { "contents": "Champlain Valley National Heritage Area\n\n\nClinton, Essex, Warren, Saratoga and Washington counties in New York, and Bennington, Rutland, Addison, Chittenden, Franklin and Grand Isle counties in Vermont. Attractions located within the National Heritage Area include Fort Ticonderoga, the Lake Champlain Maritime Museum, Saratoga National Historical Park, portions of Adirondack Park and Green Mountain National Forest, Missisquoi National Wildlife Refuge and the Lake Champlain Underwater Historic Preserves. The Champlain Valley National Heritage Area was established by the Champlain Valley National Heritage Act of 2005. It is administered by the Champlain Valley", "id": "9913189" }, { "contents": "Atchafalaya National Heritage Area\n\n\nof the natural and built environment. The heritage area designation recognizes the area's unique environment and culture, and its contributions to music, English and French language, literature, and cuisine. Major locales included in the Heritage Area include Avery Island, New Iberia, Morgan City, Lafayette, Opelousas, Baton Rouge, Plaquemine and Houma. Jean Lafitte National Historical Park, Longfellow-Evangeline State Historic Site and Plaquemine Lock State Historic Site are included in the heritage area, as well as the Louisiana State Museum branches in Baton Rouge", "id": "9171578" }, { "contents": "Bryant Clark\n\n\nBryant W. Clark (born October 31, 1974) is an American politician from the state of Mississippi. A member of the Democratic Party, Clark is a member of the Mississippi House of Representatives, and represents the 47th district. He has served in the Mississippi House since 2004. The district includes parts of Attala, Holmes and Yazoo counties, which is located in central Mississippi. The district comprises both the Hills and Mississippi Delta regions of the state. Clark is a lifelong resident of Ebenezer, located in southern Holmes County", "id": "18412525" }, { "contents": "Louisiana African American Heritage Trail\n\n\nLouisiana African American Heritage Trail () is a cultural heritage trail with 26 sites designated in 2008 by the state of Louisiana, from New Orleans along the Mississippi River to Baton Rouge and Shreveport, with sites in small towns and plantations also included. In New Orleans several sites are within a walking area. Auto travel is required to reach sites outside the city. A variety of African-American museums devoted to art, history and culture are on the \"trail\", as is the Cane River Creole National Historical Park,", "id": "6088712" }, { "contents": "Delta Blues Museum\n\n\nThe Delta Blues Museum in Clarksdale, Mississippi, United States exists to collect, preserve, and provide public access to and awareness of the blues. Along with holdings of significant blues-related memorabilia, the museum also exhibits and collects art portraying the blues tradition, including works by sculptor Floyd Shaman and photographer Birney Imes. The museum is located in the Yazoo and Mississippi Valley Passenger Depot, also known as Illinois Central Passenger Depot or Clarksdale Passenger Depot, which was built in 1926 and listed on the National Register of Historic Places", "id": "19201111" }, { "contents": "Clarksdale, Mississippi\n\n\nClarksdale is a city in Coahoma County, Mississippi, United States, and seat of the county. The western boundary of the county is formed by the Mississippi River. Located in the Mississippi Delta region, Clarksdale is an agricultural and trading center. It has been home to many blues musicians. Clarksdale is named after John Clark, who founded the city in the mid-19th century. Choctaw and Chickasaw Indians occupied the Delta region prior to the arrival of European settlers. Clarksdale was developed at the former intersection of two Indian routes:", "id": "2119137" }, { "contents": "Education segregation in the Mississippi Delta\n\n\nThe Mississippi Delta region has had the most segregated schools -- and for the longest time—of any part of the United States. As recently as the 2016–2017 school year, East Side High School in Cleveland, Mississippi, was practically all black: 359 of 360 students were African-American. The Delta region of Mississippi is nineteen counties in the northwest of the state, bounded on the west by the Mississippi River and the south by the Yazoo River. It is a poor region of the country's poorest state. In", "id": "13439199" } ]

[ { "contents": "Mississippi Delta National Heritage Area\n\n\nMississippi Delta National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area that seeks to preserve and promote the landscape, culture and history of the Mississippi Delta in the northwestern portion of the U.S. state of Mississippi. The region is famous for blues music and a unique culture that has had broad influence on music and literature, both in the United States and worldwide. The national heritage area comprises Bolivar, Carroll, Coahoma, Desoto, Holmes, Humphreys, Issaquena, Leflore, Panola, Quitman, Sharkey, Tallahatchie, Tate, Tunica", "id": "16296069" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta\n\n\nyears. The land is flat and contains some of the most fertile soil in the world. It is two hundred miles long and seventy miles across at its widest point, encompassing approximately 4,415,000 acres, or, some 7,000 square miles of alluvial floodplain. On the east, it is bounded by bluffs extending beyond the Yazoo River. It includes all or part of the following counties: Washington, Western DeSoto, Humphreys, Carroll, Issaquena, Western Panola, Quitman, Bolivar, Coahoma, Leflore, Sunflower, Sharkey, Tate", "id": "15159893" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta Community College\n\n\nof Mississippi in April 1928. The name was changed to Mississippi Delta Junior College in 1960 and to Mississippi Delta Community College in 1989. The official service area of the college includes Bolivar, Humphreys, Issaquena, Leflore, Sharkey, Sunflower, and Washington counties. Coahoma County was originally in the college's service area, but the Mississippi Legislature removed it effective July 1, 1995, and it is now served by the Coahoma Community College. The main campus is located in Moorhead, Mississippi. Stauffer-Wood Administration Building houses", "id": "21307039" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Gulf Coast National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Mississippi Gulf Coast National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area along the Gulf coast of Mississippi. The designated area comprises six counties recognized for their unique cultural and scenic qualities. The National Heritage Area designation provides a unified marketing and promotional framework for the region. The National Heritage Area comprises Pearl River, Stone, George, Hancock, Harrison and Jackson counties. It includes the Mississippi portion of Gulf Islands National Seashore. The area was devastated by Hurricane Katrina in 2005. Much of the national heritage area's efforts", "id": "16361240" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Hills National Heritage Area\n\n\nMississippi Hills National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the northeastern portion of the U.S. state of Mississippi. The designation commemorates the region's impact on American culture and its role in the American Civil War and the American civil rights movement. The national heritage area designation provides a unified marketing and promotion framework for the area. The national heritage area covers all of Marshall, Benton, Tippah, Alcorn, Tishomingo, Lafayette, Union, Pontotoc, Lee, Itawamba, Calhoun, Chickasaw and Monroe counties, and those", "id": "17388610" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River floods of 2019\n\n\nwith some inundated by 15 feet of water. The Yazoo Backwater Area in the Mississippi Delta north of Vicksburg, Mississippi, experienced both record flood stages and record duration of flooding during the winter, spring, and summer of 2019. Portions of Warren, Issaquena, Sharkey, Yazoo, Humphreys, and Washington Counties were flooded. Almost half of the land area of Issaquena and Sharkey Counties experienced flooding. In late May, flood waters covered over 860 square miles (550,000 acres or 220,000 hectares), including about 390 square miles", "id": "13577492" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta\n\n\n, Tunica, Tallahatchie, Western Holmes, Western Yazoo, Western Grenada and Warren. Lexington is also part of the delta. The shifting river delta at the mouth of the Mississippi on the Gulf Coast lies some 300 miles south of this area, and is referred to as the Mississippi River Delta. The two should not be confused. Chinese began settling in Bolivar County and other Delta counties as plantation workers in the 1870s, though most Delta Chinese families migrated to the state between the 1900s and 1930s. Most Chinese immigrants worked", "id": "15159894" }, { "contents": "George W. Gayles\n\n\n1882, and then again in 1884 and 1886. In the House, he represented the 28th district, which included Bolivar, Coahoma, and Quitman County.In the Senate, he represented the ninth district, including Bolivar, Calhoun, and Sunflower counties. He was also chairman of the Third district Republican Convention in 1886 in Mississippi consisting of Bolivar, Coahoma, Issaquena, Leflore, Sunflower, Sharkey, Tunica, Quitman, Washington, and Warren counties. He was the only black state senator in Mississippi during his terms and", "id": "20783617" }, { "contents": "Coahoma County, Mississippi\n\n\nCoahoma County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 26,151. Its county seat is Clarksdale. The Clarksdale, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area includes all of Coahoma County. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region of Mississippi. Coahoma County was established February 9, 1836, and is located in the northwestern part of the state in the fertile Yazoo Delta region. The name \"Coahoma\" is a Choctaw word meaning \"red panther.\" The act creating the county", "id": "10611425" }, { "contents": "Delta Regional Authority\n\n\nMississippi; Jefferson Davis County, Mississippi; Lawrence County, Mississippi; Leflore County, Mississippi; Lafayette County, Mississippi; Madison County, Mississippi; Marion County, Mississippi; Lincoln County, Mississippi; Montgomery County, Mississippi; Panola County, Mississippi; Marshall County, Mississippi; Quitman County, Mississippi; Rankin County, Mississippi; Pike County, Mississippi; Smith County, Mississippi; Sunflower County, Mississippi; Sharkey County, Mississippi; Simpson County, Mississippi; Tippah County, Mississippi; Tallahatchie County, Mississippi; Tate County", "id": "11170384" }, { "contents": "Delta Regional Authority\n\n\nLouisiana; Winn Parish, Louisiana Mississippi Adams County, Mississippi; Amite County, Mississippi; Attala County, Mississippi; Benton County, Mississippi; Bolivar County, Mississippi; Carroll County, Mississippi; Claiborne County, Mississippi; Coahoma County, Mississippi; Copiah County, Mississippi; Covington County, Mississippi; DeSoto County, Mississippi; Franklin County, Mississippi; Grenada County, Mississippi; Hinds County, Mississippi; Holmes County, Mississippi; Humphreys County, Mississippi; Issaquena County, Mississippi; Jasper County, Mississippi; Jefferson County,", "id": "11170383" }, { "contents": "South Park National Heritage Area\n\n\nSouth Park National Heritage Area is a U.S. National Heritage Area encompassing the South Park of Colorado. Established on March 30, 2009 by the Omnibus Public Land Management Act of 2009 (§7002), the South Park NHA is managed by the Park County, Colorado Office of Tourism to promote and interpret the area's natural, scenic, and cultural resources. The National Heritage Area designation funds promotion of the area's mining, recreation, and ranching heritage. The National Heritage Area covers the majority of Park County, including the", "id": "8157140" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Civil Rights Museum\n\n\n2017, the Mississippi Department of Archives and History brought in Pam Junior as the new museum Director. Junior came from the Smith Robertson Museum and Cultural Center in Jackson, where she had been manager since 1999. Junior is a member of the board of directors for the Mississippi Delta National Heritage Area and Mississippi Book Festival and a co-founder of the Mississippi Black Theater Festival The museum hired Hilferty & Associates to design exhibits for the museum, which were fabricated by Exhibit Concepts. Monadnock Media designed the audio portions of the exhibits", "id": "6914076" }, { "contents": "Leflore County, Mississippi\n\n\nLeflore County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 32,317. The county seat is Greenwood. The county is named for Choctaw leader Greenwood LeFlore, who signed a treaty to cede his people's land to the United States in exchange for land in Indian Territory. LeFlore stayed in Mississippi, settling on land reserved for him in Tallahatchie County. Leflore County is part of the Greenwood, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region, with", "id": "10611085" }, { "contents": "Tallahatchie County, Mississippi\n\n\nTallahatchie County is a county in the U.S. state of Mississippi. At the 2010 census, the population was 15,378. Its county seats are Charleston and Sumner. Tallahatchie County is located in the Mississippi Delta region, divided by the Tallahatchie River which runs from north to south through the county before joining what becomes the Yazoo River in LeFlore County. The county was founded on December 31, 1833 after most of the Choctaw Nation was forced out under Indian Removal. Tallahatchie is a Choctaw name meaning \"rock of waters\". The", "id": "10555589" }, { "contents": "National Coal Heritage Area\n\n\nThe National Coal Heritage Area (NCHA) is a federally designated region of thirteen counties in West Virginia that were the source of \"smokeless\" bituminous coal through much of the 20th century. The National Heritage Area recognizes the area's cultural and historic qualities and serves to promote tourism, historic preservation and economic development in the region. The idea of the NCHA was first proposed in the early 1990s by Congressman Nick Rahall, and was established on November 12, 1996 by the 1996 Omnibus Parks and Public Lands Management Act. The", "id": "8963174" }, { "contents": "Muscle Shoals National Heritage Area\n\n\nMuscle Shoals National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the northwestern portion of the U.S. state of Alabama. It is centered on the portion of the Tennessee River around Muscle Shoals and interprets the region's history and culture. Muscle Shoals National Heritage Area comprises Lauderdale, Limestone, Colbert, Franklin, Lawrence and Morgan counties. Significant features of the heritage area include Wheeler Dam, Wilson Dam, Ivy Green, Rosenbaum House, Barton Hall and the northern end of the Natchez Trace. Muscle Shoals National Heritage Area was", "id": "16977602" }, { "contents": "Deer Creek (Mississippi)\n\n\nDeer Creek (also Issaquena Creek or Lower Deer Creek) is a creek in the U.S. state of Mississippi. Its source is Lake Bolivar, in Scott, Bolivar County, Mississippi. As Deer Creek flows south through the Mississippi Delta, it passes through the following counties: Bolivar, Washington, Sharkey, Issaquena, and Warren; and through the following communities: Metcalfe, Stoneville, Leland, Burdett, Arcola, Hollandale, Panther Burn, Nitta Yuma, Anguilla, Rolling Fork, Cary, Onward, and Valley Park.", "id": "1520113" }, { "contents": "Money, Mississippi\n\n\nMoney is an unincorporated Mississippi Delta community near Greenwood in Leflore County, Mississippi, United States. It has fewer than 100 residents, down from 400 in the early 1950s when a cotton mill operated there. Money is located on a railroad line along the Tallahatchie River, a tributary of the Yazoo River in the eastern part of the Mississippi Delta. The community has ZIP code 38945 in the Greenwood, Mississippi micropolitan area. Money is the site of the 1955 lynching of 14-year-old Emmett Till by white men, an event", "id": "15040548" }, { "contents": "Sharkey County, Mississippi\n\n\nSharkey County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. Part of the western border is formed by the Yazoo River. According to the 2010 census, the population was 4,916, making it the second-least populous county in Mississippi. Its county seat is Rolling Fork. The county is named after William L. Sharkey, the provisional Governor of Mississippi in 1865. Sharkey County is located in the Mississippi Delta region. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of , of which is land", "id": "10555635" }, { "contents": "Oil Region National Heritage Area\n\n\nOil Region National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the northwestern portion of the U.S. state of Pennsylvania. The national heritage area commemorates and promotes the region surrounding Edwin Drake's oil well of 1859 near Titusville, which gave rise to the modern oil industry. The national heritage area includes all of Venango County and a portion of Crawford County, including Titusville and Oil Creek Township The Oil Region National Heritage Area was established by Public Law 108-447 in 2004. It is administered by the Oil Region Alliance.", "id": "17389123" }, { "contents": "Delta National Forest\n\n\nDelta National Forest is a U.S. National Forest in western Mississippi, located in Sharkey County, and has an area of . Delta is operated as the Sunflower Wildlife Management Area. The forest is headquartered in Jackson, as are all six National Forests in Mississippi, but Delta Ranger District office is located in Rolling Fork. It is one of only six National Forests that are contained entirely within a single county and the only bottomland hardwood forest in the National Forest system. The Green Ash-Overcup Oak-Sweetgum Research Natural Areas within", "id": "3631940" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\ninfluences in the Mississippi River Delta. They continue to shape preferences of food, music, and art, as well as to maintain the unique identities existing in the southernmost parts of the region. Both cultures speak a form of French; but they are considered to be autonomous and distinct dialects. From 1910–1920, New Orleans became the birthplace of jazz and since has continued its legacy of being home to budding musicians and new musical experiences, tying music directly to its unique culture and diverse heritage. The origins of jazz and blues", "id": "16619580" }, { "contents": "Journey Through Hallowed Ground National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Journey Through Hallowed Ground National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in portions of Pennsylvania, West Virginia, Maryland and Virginia, in the eastern United States. The Journey Through Hallowed Ground National Heritage Area was established on May 8, 2008 by Public Law 110-229, the Consolidated Natural Resources Act of 2008.The designation provides a framework for the promotion and interpretation of the area's cultural and historic character, with particular emphasis on the region's role in the American Civil War, and the preservation of the natural", "id": "13516660" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta\n\n\nThe Mississippi Delta, also known as the Yazoo-Mississippi Delta, is the distinctive northwest section of the U.S. state of Mississippi (and portions of Arkansas and Louisiana) which lies between the Mississippi and Yazoo Rivers. The region has been called \"The Most Southern Place on Earth\" (\"Southern\" in the sense of \"characteristic of its region, the American South\"), because of its unique racial, cultural, and economic history. It is long and across at its widest point, encompassing about , or", "id": "15159888" }, { "contents": "Freedom's Way National Heritage Area\n\n\nFreedom's Way National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing portions of northern Massachusetts and southern New Hampshire. The heritage area includes sites significant to the American Revolution, cultural sites associated with Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau, and Native American sites. The heritage area seeks to preserve the region's landscape and historic structures. The National Heritage Area includes Minute Man National Historical Park, portions of Middlesex and Worcester counties in Massachusetts, and portions of Hillsborough County, New Hampshire, an area including a total of", "id": "14966358" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta\n\n\nside of the Mississippi River, another area of high poverty). The 1990s state legalization of casino gambling in Mississippi has boosted the Delta's economy, particularly in the areas of Tunica and Vicksburg. A large cultural influence in the region is its history of hunting and fishing. Hunting in the Delta is primarily for game such as whitetail deer, wild turkey, and waterfowl, along with many small game species (squirrel, rabbit, dove, quail, raccoon, etc.) For many years, the hunting and fishing", "id": "15159912" }, { "contents": "Baltimore National Heritage Area\n\n\nBaltimore National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing portions of Baltimore, Maryland, USA. The designated area includes the central portion of the city, waterfront, inner neighborhoods and portions of the city's park system. The district includes Fort McHenry and the Inner Harbor, as well as portions of the Charles Street, Falls Road, National Historic Seaport and Star Spangled Banner Maryland Scenic Byways. The Baltimore National Heritage Area was established on March 30, 2009 by the Omnibus Public Land Management Act of 2009 (§", "id": "8582841" }, { "contents": "B.B. King Museum\n\n\nThe B.B. King Museum and Delta Interpretive Center is a Delta blues museum with the mission to \"empower, unite and heal through music, art and education and share with the world the rich cultural heritage of the Mississippi Delta.\" The museum, named for blues legend, B.B. King, is located in his hometown of Indianola, Mississippi, in the United States. The B.B. King Museum and Delta Interpretive Center opened in Indianola Mississippi on September 13, 2008. The museum features a restored brick cotton gin building in which B.B.", "id": "17262603" }, { "contents": "Louise, Mississippi\n\n\nLouise is a town in Humphreys County, Mississippi. The population was 199 at the 2010 census, down from 315 at the 2000 census. Louise is located in southern Humphreys County at (32.981549, -90.591624), along Silver Creek in the Mississippi Delta region. Mississippi Highway 149 passes just east of the town, leading north to U.S. Route 49W at Silver City and south via Mississippi Highway 16 to Yazoo City. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town of Louise has a total area of , all land.", "id": "2222822" }, { "contents": "Arkansas Delta\n\n\nblues and gospel traditions. The East Central Delta area has produced a small number of talented and influential R&B artists. Arkansas's blues Influence, shares a rich heritage with Mississippi and Memphis, Tennessee. Arkansas was home to numerous blues masters, who are held in high esteem by newer generations learning blues history. Arkansas blues artists influenced decades of pop culture music by such artists as Muddy Waters, Little Milton, B.B. King, Eric Clapton, Jeff Beck, Joe Bonamassa, Stevie Ray Vaughan, George Harrison and the Rolling Stones", "id": "6558115" }, { "contents": "Cruger, Mississippi\n\n\nCruger is a town in Holmes County, Mississippi, United States. The population was 386 at the 2010 census, down from 449 at the 2000 census. Cruger is in the northwest corner of Holmes County, in the Mississippi Delta region along U.S. Route 49E. Greenwood is north of Cruger via US 49E, and Yazoo City is to the south. According to the United States Census Bureau, Cruger has a total area of , all land. As of the census of 2000, there were 449 people, 161 households, and", "id": "2222747" }, { "contents": "Carroll County, Mississippi\n\n\nCarroll County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 10,597. Its county seats are Carollton and Vaiden. The county is named for Charles Carroll of Carrollton, the last surviving signatory of the U.S. Declaration of Independence. Carroll County is part of the Greenwood, Micropolitan Statistical Area. Bordered by the Yazoo River on the west and the Big Black River to the east, it is considered within the Mississippi Delta region. Most of its land is in the hill country", "id": "10611479" }, { "contents": "Minter City, Mississippi\n\n\nMinter City is an unincorporated community located in Leflore County and in Tallahatchie County, Mississippi. It is part of the Greenwood, Mississippi micropolitan area, and is within the Mississippi Delta. Mississippi Highway 8 intersects U.S. Route 49E southwest of Minter City, and the Tallahatchie River flows to the east. There is a post office located on U.S. Route 49E, with a ZIP code of 38944. Variant names for the original settlement were \"Walnut Place Landing\" and \"Minter City Landing\". Spanish explorer Hernando de Soto may have", "id": "12467995" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta AVA\n\n\nThe Mississippi Delta AVA is an American Viticultural Area on the left (east) bank of the Mississippi River, between Memphis, Tennessee, and Vicksburg, Mississippi. It includes portions of the Mississippi Delta and the watershed of the lower Mississippi River in the U.S. states of Louisiana (west bank), Mississippi, and Tennessee. Since the creation of the AVA in 1984, there has been very little viticulture in the Mississippi Delta region. Mississippi State University established an enology laboratory to research grape cultivation in the area, but little", "id": "16585963" }, { "contents": "Greenwood, Mississippi\n\n\nGreenwood is a city in and the county seat of Leflore County, Mississippi, located at the eastern edge of the Mississippi Delta, approximately 96 miles north of the state capital, Jackson, Mississippi, and 130 miles south of the riverport of Memphis, Tennessee. It was a center of cotton planter culture in the 19th century. The population was 16,087 at the 2010 census. It is the principal city of the Greenwood Micropolitan Statistical Area. Greenwood developed at the confluence of the Tallahatchie and the Yalobusha rivers, which form the", "id": "3378194" }, { "contents": "Bolivar County, Mississippi\n\n\nBolivar County ( ) is a county located on the western border of the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 34,145. Its county seats are Rosedale and Cleveland. The county is named in honor of Simón Bolívar, early 19th-century leader of the liberation of several South American colonies from Spain. The Cleveland, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area includes all of Bolivar County. It is located in the Mississippi Delta, or Yazoo Basin, of Mississippi. This area was first developed for cotton plantations", "id": "10611493" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nmusic in the region is closely connected to the Mississippi River and the delta, as the location allowed for an influx of cultural influences, including blues and bluegrass music from upriver, to the African and Latin folk hymns and music from the Caribbean islands. The delta is still synonymous with the sounds of jazz, funk and zydeco and remains to be an important cultural hub for new sounds and music, bringing thousands to the area every year to experience the lifestyle and participate in the natural rhythms of the area. The region is", "id": "16619581" }, { "contents": "Essex National Heritage Commission\n\n\nThe Essex National Heritage Commission (ENHC) is a non-profit organization charted to oversee the Essex National Heritage Area, a National Heritage Area composed of all of Essex County, Massachusetts. The commission promotes the cultural heritage with public and private partnerships and with the National Park Service by developing programs that enhance, preserve and encourage regional awareness of the area's unique historic, cultural and natural resources. The commission is based in Salem. The organization has sponsored a number of events and programs that celebrate the region’s history,", "id": "16440799" }, { "contents": "Blue Ridge National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Blue Ridge National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing the twenty-five westernmost counties of North Carolina, which are associated with the Blue Ridge Mountains. The designation provides a framework for the promotion and interpretation of the area's cultural and historic character, and the preservation of the natural and built environment. The National Heritage Area includes the North Carolina portions of Great Smoky Mountains National Park and the Blue Ridge Parkway. Other attractions include Mount Mitchell in Pisgah National Forest, Nantahala National Forest and the North Carolina", "id": "9719864" }, { "contents": "Poverty Point\n\n\nPoverty Point State Historic Site (; 16 WC 5) is a prehistoric earthwork constructed by the Poverty Point culture. The Poverty Point site is located in present-day northeastern Louisiana though evidence of the Poverty Point culture extends throughout much of the Southeastern United States. The culture extended across the Mississippi Delta and south to the Gulf Coast. The Poverty Point site has been designated as a U.S. National Monument, a U.S. National Historic Landmark, and UNESCO World Heritage Site. Located in the Southern United States, the site is from the", "id": "10100047" }, { "contents": "Geography of Arkansas\n\n\nState Park, Delta Heritage Trail State Park, Felsenthal National Wildlife Refuge, Lake Chicot State Park, Mississippi River State Park, Overflow National Wildlife Refuge and White River National Wildlife Refuge. The flat topography and fertile soils of Southeast Arkansas have been important to the region throughout its history, first to the Native American that inhabited the region. This history is available today at museums like the Pine Bluff/Jefferson County Historical Museum. The area was one of the first explored and settled in Arkansas; including the territorial capital at Arkansas", "id": "17334085" }, { "contents": "Tchula, Mississippi\n\n\nhad vanished, partly due to increased use of machines in agriculture. Many businesses formerly in the town had disappeared. Tchula is in western Holmes County along Tchula Lake, an old river channel in the Mississippi Delta region of the state. U.S. Route 49E passes through the center of town, leading north to Greenwood and southwest to Yazoo. Mississippi Highway 12 leads southeast from Tchula to Lexington, the Holmes County seat. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of , of which , or 2.31", "id": "2222794" }, { "contents": "Freedom's Frontier National Heritage Area\n\n\nFreedom's Frontier National Heritage Area, Inc. (FFNHA) is a federally designated U.S. National Heritage Area located in eastern Kansas and Western Missouri. This heritage area preserves, conserves, and interprets historic and cultural landscapes pertaining to: the shaping of the frontier, the Missouri-Kansas Border War, and the enduring struggle for freedom. FFNHA was authorized on October 12, 2006, with the passage of the National Heritage Areas Act of 2006. The management plan for the heritage area was approved by the Board of Trustees on June", "id": "353294" }, { "contents": "Sunflower County, Mississippi\n\n\nSunflower County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 29,450. Its largest city and county seat is Indianola. Sunflower County comprises the Indianola, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is included in the Cleveland-Indianola, MS Combined Statistical Area. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region. Sunflower Country was created in 1844. The land mass encompassed most of Sunflower and Leflore Counties as we know them today. The first seat of government was Clayton, located near", "id": "10555603" }, { "contents": "Atchafalaya National Heritage Area\n\n\nAtchafalaya National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing parts of fourteen parishes along the Atchafalaya River in the U.S. State of Louisiana. The heritage area extends the length of the Atchafalaya Basin from the area of Ferriday in the north to the river's mouth beyond Morgan City. The National Heritage Area is divided into four regions: Upper, Between 2 Rivers, Bayou Teche Corridor and the Coastal Zone. The designation provides a framework for the promotion and interpretation of the area's cultural and historic character, and the preservation", "id": "9171577" }, { "contents": "Niagara Falls National Heritage Area\n\n\nNiagara Falls National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing the Niagara Falls region of the U.S. State of New York. The heritage area includes the communities of Niagara Falls, Youngstown and Lewiston. The designation provides a framework for the promotion and interpretation of the area's cultural and historic character, and the preservation of the natural and built environment. The heritage area designation recognizes the area's importance to Native Americans, to early European explorers of America, the American Revolution, the War of 1812 and the area's", "id": "9115304" }, { "contents": "Warren County, Mississippi\n\n\nWarren County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 48,773. Its county seat is Vicksburg. Created by legislative act of 22 December 1809, Warren County is named for American Revolutionary War officer Joseph Warren. Part of the Mississippi Delta and the historic cotton culture, Warren County is included in the Vicksburg, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Jackson-Vicksburg-Brookhaven, MS Combined Statistical Area. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the", "id": "10555530" }, { "contents": "Greenwood, Mississippi micropolitan area\n\n\nThe Greenwood Micropolitan Statistical Area is a micropolitan area in the northwestern Delta region of Mississippi that covers two counties - Leflore and Carroll. As of the 2000 census, the μSA had a population of 48,716 (though a July 1, 2009 estimate placed the population at 44,841). As of the census of 2000, there were 48,716 people, 17,027 households, and 11,956 families residing within the μSA. The racial makeup of the μSA was 37.22% White, 60.85% African American, 0.10% Native American, 0.54% Asian", "id": "8919330" }, { "contents": "James Thomas (blues musician)\n\n\n\". In 1985, his work was featured in the prestigious Corcoran Gallery in Washington, D.C., where he was introduced to Nancy Reagan, then the First Lady. Thomas's skulls are on display in the Delta Blues Museum, in Clarksdale, Mississippi, and the Highway 61 Blues Museum, in Leland, Mississippi. Thomas played at numerous blues festivals and private parties throughout the area, including the Mississippi Delta Blues and Heritage Festival in Greenville. In the 1970s, Eddie Cusic performed with Thomas at regular engagements. Together they", "id": "17330513" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nand is an important coastal region for the United States, containing more than of coastal wetlands and 37% of the estuarine marsh in the conterminous U.S. The coastal area is the nation's largest drainage basin and drains about 41% of the contiguous United States into the Gulf of Mexico at an average rate of . The modern Mississippi River Delta formed over the last approximately 4,500 years as the Mississippi River deposited sand, clay and silt along its banks and in adjacent basins. The Mississippi River Delta is a river-dominated delta system", "id": "16619564" }, { "contents": "Arabia Mountain National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Arabia Mountain National Heritage Area is a National Heritage Area in the U.S. state of Georgia that encompasses natural, cultural, and historical elements to form a cohesive, nationally significant environment. The area is due east of Atlanta and spans reaching from the historic commercial center of Lithonia to the Monastery of the Holy Spirit in Conyers, including a number of sites in between, including Panola Mountain State Park, Davidson-Arabia Mountain Nature Preserve, the Mall at Stonecrest, and more. The Heritage Area was established in 2006, and", "id": "352970" }, { "contents": "Sangre de Cristo National Heritage Area\n\n\nSangre de Cristo National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the south central portion of the U.S. state of Colorado. The heritage area includes the San Luis Valley and portions of the Sangre de Cristo Range. The region combines influences of Anglo-American, Hispano-American and Native American influences. It also includes portions of the upper Rio Grande valley. The national heritage area includes Alamosa, Costilla, and Conejos counties, and portions of Saguache and Rio Grande counties. It also includes within its boundaries Great Sand", "id": "17389640" }, { "contents": "Delta State–Mississippi College football rivalry\n\n\nThe Delta State–Mississippi College football rivalry, commonly known as the Heritage Bell Classic, is a college football rivalry game between a public university and a private Christian college in the U.S. state of Mississippi, the Delta State University Statesmen and the Mississippi College Choctaws. The current winner is Delta State, who won, 28–21, on November 10, 2018. Delta State leads the all-time series, 22–15–2. The Delta State Statesmen were co-founding members of the Gulf South Conference in 1970. Mississippi College joined the", "id": "15797675" }, { "contents": "Delta blues\n\n\nDelta blues is one of the earliest-known styles of blues music. It originated in the Mississippi Delta, a region of the U.S. stretching from Memphis, Tennessee, in the north to Vicksburg, Mississippi, in the south and from Helena, Arkansas, in the west to the Yazoo River in the east. The Mississippi Delta is famous for its fertile soil and for its poverty. Delta blues is regarded as a regional variant of country blues. Guitar and harmonica are its dominant instruments; slide guitar is a hallmark of", "id": "7794018" }, { "contents": "Arkansas Delta\n\n\na decline. Charles Bowden of \"National Geographic\" wrote, \"By 1970 the sharecropping world was already disappearing, and the landscape of today—huge fields, giant machines, battered towns, few people—beginning to emerge.\" The Arkansas Delta is known for its rich musical heritage. While defined primarily by its deep blues/gospel roots, it is distinguished somewhat from its Mississippi Delta counterpart by more intricately interwoven country music and R&B elements. Arkansas blues musicians have defined every genre of blues from its inception, including", "id": "6558110" }, { "contents": "Greenwood High School (Mississippi)\n\n\nGreenwood High School is a public high school located in Greenwood, Leflore County, in the U.S. state of Mississippi. The school is part of the Greenwood Public School District. Greenwood, Mississippi, is a town of slightly over 15,000 residents located on the banks of the Yazoo River about south of Memphis, Tennessee, and about north of Jackson, Mississippi. The city and county are named after Greenwood Leflore, the designated leader of the Choctaw nation who ceded Mississippi land under pressure of the 1830 Indian Removal Act to the United", "id": "4541464" }, { "contents": "Upper Housatonic Valley National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Upper Housatonic Valley National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the U.S. states of Connecticut and Massachusetts. The heritage area interprets and promotes the historical, cultural and scenic features of the upper Housatonic River valley in the western part of both states. The heritage area focuses on five themes: the area's role as a resort for writers, artists, actors and musicians, the scenic landscape, the area's role in industry, the American Revolutionary War, and the social and religious groups associated with the area", "id": "17597179" }, { "contents": "National Heritage Area\n\n\nA National Heritage Area is a site designated by United States and intended to encourage historic preservation of the area and an appreciation of the history and heritage of the site. There are currently 55 National Heritage Areas, some of which use variations of the title, such as National Heritage Corridor. National Heritage Areas (NHAs) are not National Park Service units or federally owned or managed land. NHAs are administered by state governments or non-profit organizations or other private corporations, referred to as \"local coordinating entities\". The", "id": "2301876" }, { "contents": "Lackawanna Heritage Valley National and State Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Lackawanna Heritage Valley National and State Heritage Area is a state and federally designated National Heritage Area in northeastern Pennsylvania. It was initially established in 1991 as the first State Heritage Park in Pennsylvania, and was additionally designated a National Heritage Area in 2000. The designations recognize the area's heritage of industry, architecture, history and natural resources, and provide a framework for development and promotion of these features. The Lackawanna Heritage Valley National and State Heritage Area is managed by the Lackawanna Heritage Valley Authority, or LHVA. The National", "id": "16220344" }, { "contents": "Kenai Mountains – Turnagain Arm National Heritage Area\n\n\nKenai Mountains – Turnagain Arm National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the U.S. state of Alaska. The heritage area extends across the northern part of the Kenai Peninsula, immediately to the north and east of Kenai Fjords National Park. The designation recognizes the area's unique cultural, scenic and historical features and provides a unified organization for promotion of the area's attractions. The Kenai Mountains – Turnagain Arm National Heritage Area (KMTA) includes the road corridor between Seward and Hope and Whittier, from Resurrection Bay in", "id": "16167272" }, { "contents": "Mayersville, Mississippi\n\n\nMayersville is a town on the east bank of the Mississippi River, and the county seat for Issaquena County, Mississippi, United States. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region, known for cotton cultivation in the antebellum era. Once the trading center for the county, the town was superseded when railroads were built into the area. The population of the majority-black town was 547 at the 2010 census, down from 795 at the 2000 census. Native Americans had lived in this area since prehistoric times. The Mayersville", "id": "2222833" }, { "contents": "Crenshaw, Mississippi\n\n\nCrenshaw is a town in Panola and Quitman counties in the U.S. state of Mississippi. The population was 916 at the 2000 census. Crenshaw is located at (34.502661, -90.195841). Most of the town is in Panola County with a small portion on the west side in Quitman County. In the 2000 census, 697 of the town's 916 residents (76.1%) lived in Panola County and 219 (23.9%) in Quitman County. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of", "id": "17931693" }, { "contents": "Panola County, Mississippi\n\n\nPanola County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 34,707. Its county seats are Sardis and Batesville. Panola is the anglicization of \"ponolo\", a word meaning thread in both old Choctaw and Chickasaw and cotton in modern Choctaw. The county is located just east of the Mississippi Delta and bisected by the Tallahatchie River flowing to the southwest, separating the two county seats. Panola County was established February 9, 1836, and is one of the twelve large", "id": "10555705" }, { "contents": "MotorCities National Heritage Area\n\n\nMotorCities National Heritage Area or Motor Cities National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area that commemorates and promotes the automobile industry in Metro Detroit, with portions of 16 counties in southern Michigan, United States. The scope of the heritage area includes sites and events relating to the motor industry as well as the industry's impact on labor, society and the environment. The heritage area comprises more than 1200 automotive-related sites, including the Henry Ford Museum, Fair Lane, various Ford plants, the Automotive Hall of Fame", "id": "16976479" }, { "contents": "Great Basin National Heritage Area\n\n\nGreat Basin National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in Nevada and Utah, including White Pine County, Nevada and Millard County, Utah. The area was designated to recognize and promote the scenic and cultural resources associated with this central portion of the Great Basin. The National Heritage Area includes Great Basin National Park and portions of Humboldt-Toiyabe and Fishlake National Forests, as well as Fort Deseret, Sevier Lake and the Topaz War Relocation Center. Great Basin National Heritage Area was designated on October 13, 2006.", "id": "15909144" }, { "contents": "Crowder, Mississippi\n\n\nCrowder is a town in Panola and Quitman counties in the state of Mississippi. The population was 766 at the 2000 census. Most of Crowder is in Quitman County with a portion on the east in adjacent Panola County. In the 2000 census, 462 of the town's 766 residents (60.3%) lived in Quitman County and 304 (39.7%) in Panola County. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 0.4 square miles (1.2 km², all land. As of the", "id": "17931698" }, { "contents": "Rivers of Steel National Heritage Area\n\n\nRivers of Steel National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in southwestern Pennsylvania, centered on Pittsburgh and oriented around the interpretation and promotion of the region's steel-making heritage. The area roughly covers the valleys of the Ohio, Monongahela and lower Allegheny rivers. Major interpretive locations include the Carrie Furnace, Pinkerton's Landing Bridge and other features of the Homestead Steel Works. The national heritage area comprises Allegheny, Armstrong, Beaver, Butler, Greene, Fayette, Washington and Westmoreland counties. Rivers of Steel National Heritage", "id": "17389345" }, { "contents": "Crowley's Ridge Parkway\n\n\nroute which allowed the traveler to experience the Southern heritage of the area. The National Scenic Byway designation came the following year, with an extension into Missouri in 2000. The majority of the route is in Arkansas, and the parkway begins in Phillips County, Arkansas, in Helena-West Helena very near the Helena Bridge over the Mississippi River. Beginning at US Route 49 (US 49) and running north with US 49 Business (US 49B), the route passes historic properties including the Delta Cultural Center, the Jerome", "id": "1149985" }, { "contents": "Issaquena County, Mississippi\n\n\nIssaquena County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 1,406, making it the least populous county in the United States east of the Mississippi River. Its county seat is Mayersville. With a per-capita income of $18,598, Issaquena County is the poorest county in the United States. Issaquena County is located in the Mississippi Delta region. The Mississippi River flows along the entire western boundary of the county, and many of the earliest communities were river ports.", "id": "10611264" }, { "contents": "Delta Regional Authority\n\n\n, Mississippi; Tunica County, Mississippi; Union County, Mississippi; Walthall County, Mississippi; Warren County, Mississippi; Washington County, Mississippi; Wilkinson County, Mississippi; Yalobusha County, Mississippi; Yazoo County, Mississippi Missouri Bollinger County, Missouri; Butler County, Missouri; Cape Girardeau County, Missouri; Carter County, Missouri; Crawford County, Missouri; Dent County, Missouri; Douglas County, Missouri; Dunklin County, Missouri; Howell County, Missouri; Iron County, Missouri; Madison County, Missouri; Mississippi", "id": "11170385" }, { "contents": "Tunica County, Mississippi\n\n\nTunica County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 10,778. Its county seat is Tunica. The county is named for the Tunica Native Americans. Most migrated to central Louisiana during the colonial period. Tunica County is part of the Memphis, TN-MS-AR Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region. Since the late 20th century, it is known for Tunica Resorts (formerly Robinsonville), an unincorporated community that is the site", "id": "10555567" }, { "contents": "Emmett Till\n\n\nin the Mississippi Delta are memorialized as associated with Till. Emmett Till was born in 1941 in Chicago; he was the son of Mamie Carthan (1921–2003) and Louis Till (1922–1945). Emmett's mother Mamie was born in the small Delta town of Webb, Mississippi. The Delta region encompasses the large, multi-county area of northwestern Mississippi in the watershed of the Yazoo and Mississippi rivers. When Carthan was two years old, her family moved to Argo, Illinois, as part of the Great Migration of rural", "id": "2570054" }, { "contents": "History of New Orleans\n\n\nUnion during the Civil War. With its rich and unique cultural and architectural heritage, it remains a major destination for tourism, conventions, and major sports events, even after the major destruction and loss of life resulting from Hurricane Katrina in 2005. The land mass that was to become the city of New Orleans was formed around 2200 BC when the Mississippi River deposited silt creating the delta region. Before Europeans founded the settlement, the area was inhabited by Native Americans for about 1300 years. The Mississippian culture peoples built mounds and", "id": "3084005" }, { "contents": "B.B. King Museum\n\n\nKing worked in the 1940s. The museum also contains an extensive collection of artifacts owned by King and displays exhibits about his life and the lives of other musicians of the delta region and the culture where the blues arose. The museum commemorates the famous blues artist, B.B King, who was from the Mississippi Delta. The museum has multiple exhibits highlighting King's Delta Blue music. Exhibits include interactive exhibits, King memorabilia, and stories. The museum seeks to help preserve Delta Blues and its culture by promoting its importance. In", "id": "17262604" }, { "contents": "Missouri Bootheel\n\n\nwrites: Given the population in the area, even a moderately sized earthquake would be disastrous. The Bootheel (pronounced Boothill in the region) is on the edge of the Mississippi Delta culture that produced the Delta blues. Its relatively large black population makes it distinct from the rest of rural Missouri. The area has a unique rural black culture reflected in its music, churches and other traditions. The black population ranges from about 26% in Pemiscot County, to 15% in New Madrid County, and about 9% in", "id": "12618286" }, { "contents": "Moorhead, Mississippi\n\n\nMoorhead is a city in Sunflower County, Mississippi. As of the 2000 census, the city population was 2,573. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of , of which is land and 0.77% is water. Moorhead is along U.S. Route 82, east of Indianola. Moorhead is located at the intersection of the Southern and Yazoo Delta railroads. This is the origin of the legendary blues crossroads phrase \"where the Southern cross the Dog\". As of the 2010 United States Census,", "id": "2223816" }, { "contents": "Blanche Bruce\n\n\nsteamboat porter on the Mississippi River. In 1864, he moved to Hannibal, Missouri, where he established a school for black children. In 1868, during Reconstruction, Bruce relocated to Bolivar near Cleveland in northwestern Mississippi, at which he purchased a Mississippi Delta plantation. He became a wealthy landowner of several thousand acres in the Mississippi Delta. He was appointed to the positions of Tallahatchie County registrar of voters and tax assessor before he won an election for sheriff in Bolivar County. He later was elected to other county positions,", "id": "13640962" }, { "contents": "Delta, Mississippi\n\n\nDelta is a ghost town in Coahoma County, Mississippi, United States. Once a thriving port on the Mississippi River, Delta today is covered by farmland and a portion of the Mississippi Levee. Nothing remains of the original settlement. The county seat was moved from Port Royal to Delta in 1842. In 1844, Delta was surveyed and laid off into lots. The town had a population of about 700, and was a busy steamboat port. Delta incorporated in 1848. That same year, the river flooded the town,", "id": "8584565" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nbenefits that are unique to the region. These vital resources are at constant risk of being lost with the continual land loss and the decreasing size of the natural coastal area. The Mississippi River Delta has a strong economy which relies heavily on tourism and recreational activities such as fishing, hunting and wildlife watching as well as commercial fishing, oil, gas, and shipping industries. There are a number of major industries in the Mississippi River Delta that drive the local and national economy, including: In total, the five Gulf Coast", "id": "16619584" }, { "contents": "Holmes County, Mississippi\n\n\nHolmes County is a county in the U.S. state of Mississippi; its western border is formed by the Yazoo River and the eastern border by the Big Black River. The western part of the county is within the Yazoo-Mississippi Delta. As of the 2010 census, the population was 19,198. Its county seat is Lexington. The county is named in honor of David Holmes, territorial governor and the first governor of the state of Mississippi and later United States Senator for Mississippi. A favorite son, Edmond Favor Noel, was", "id": "10611282" }, { "contents": "Greenville, Mississippi\n\n\nGreenville is a city in, and the county seat of, Washington County, Mississippi, United States. The population was 34,400 at the 2010 census. It is located in the area of historic cotton plantations and culture known as the Mississippi Delta. This area was occupied by indigenous peoples for thousands of years. When the French explored here, they encountered the historic Natchez people. As part of their colony known as \"La Louisiane\", the French established a settlement at what became Natchez, Mississippi. Other Native American tribes", "id": "2224007" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nartery. In addition to shipping, local and commercial fisheries continued to expand. The discovery of vast oil and gas deposits brought further economic and environmental changes to the delta. Despite these profound changes, the delta today remains very much rooted in the vibrant cultural and social traditions of its residents. The Mississippi River Delta is home to more than two million people. The location of the delta at the mouth of the Mississippi River allowed for the area to be a cultural gateway into the United States, and influenced the mix of", "id": "16619576" }, { "contents": "Essex Heritage\n\n\nEssex Heritage is a non-profit organization charted to promote the cultural heritage of Essex County in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. Working with both public and private partnerships and with the National Park Service, the group supports and develops programs that enhance, preserve and encourage regional awareness of the area’s unique historic, cultural and natural resources. Headquartered in Salem, Massachusetts, the Commission services the 34 communities of Essex County. It has been recognized by the United States Congress in recognition of the important role that this region played in American", "id": "16609234" }, { "contents": "Washington County, Mississippi\n\n\nWashington County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 51,137. Its county seat is Greenville. The county is named in honor of the first President of the United States, George Washington. The Greenville, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area includes all of Washington County. It is located in the Mississippi Delta. Located in the Mississippi Delta, Washington County was first developed for cotton cultivation in the antebellum years. Most plantations were developed to have access to the rivers, which", "id": "10555522" }, { "contents": "Mississippi\n\n\nIsland. The northwest remainder of the state consists of the Mississippi Delta, a section of the Mississippi Alluvial Plain. The plain is narrow in the south and widens north of Vicksburg. The region has rich soil, partly made up of silt which had been regularly deposited by the flood waters of the Mississippi River. Areas under the management of the National Park Service include: Mississippi City Population Rankings of at least 50,000 (United States Census Bureau as of 2017): Mississippi City Population Rankings of at least 20,000 but fewer than", "id": "21293458" }, { "contents": "Belzoni, Mississippi\n\n\nBelzoni ( ) is a city in Humphreys County, Mississippi, in the Mississippi Delta region, on the Yazoo River. The population was 2,235 at the 2010 census. It is the county seat of Humphreys County. It was named for the 19th-century Italian archaeologist/explorer Giovanni Battista Belzoni. The area was named Farm-Raised Catfish Capital of the World in 1976 by then Governor Cliff Finch, since it produces more farm-raised catfish than any other U.S. county. About of the county are under water in ponds", "id": "2222804" }, { "contents": "2011 Mississippi River floods\n\n\nfrom Vicksburg was cut off for more than two weeks. U.S. Highway 61 between Vicksburg and Port Gibson was closed by backwater flooding along the Big Black River on May 12; it reopened June 1. Another portion of U.S. Highway 61 near Redwood was closed by backwater flooding along the Yazoo River on May 13 and was closed until June 3. In anticipation of major flooding, the U.S. federal government declared 14 counties along the Mississippi River, the Thames River: Adams, Bolivar, Claiborne, Coahoma, DeSoto, Humphreys, Issaquena", "id": "8214155" }, { "contents": "Memphis, Tennessee\n\n\nother places in the world could offer cheaper labor, and the workforce was undereducated for today's challenges. The Memphis Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA), the 42nd largest in the United States, has a 2010 population of 1,316,100 and includes the Tennessee counties of Shelby, Tipton and Fayette; as well as the northern Mississippi counties of DeSoto, Marshall, Tate, and Tunica; and Crittenden County, Arkansas, all part of the Mississippi Delta. The total metropolitan area has a higher proportion of whites and a higher per capita", "id": "4225772" }, { "contents": "Northern Plains National Heritage Area\n\n\nNorthern Plains National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area along an length of the Missouri River in central North Dakota. The heritage area promotes and interprets the scenic, cultural and historic heritage of the region. It extends from Knife River Indian Villages National Historic Site to Huff Indian Village State Historic Site The area interprets the history of the Three Affiliated Tribes, the passage of the Lewis and Clark Expedition, the fur trade, steamboats on the Missouri and Fort Abraham Lincoln. It also interprets the area's association with the", "id": "17044952" }, { "contents": "Tornado outbreak of April 22–25, 2010\n\n\ncrossed the Mississippi River shortly thereafter, and damaged or destroyed numerous homes on the north side of Eagle Lake. The tornado then moved across the Delta National Forest in Issaquena and Sharkey Counties, causing major tree damage. The tornado again caused significant home damage northwest of Satartia, and again as it crossed Highway 3 near the Crupp community. The tornado then moved through rural areas southwest of Yazoo City, causing major damage or total destruction of a number of homes, as well as intense tree damage. As the tornado approached the", "id": "5566995" }, { "contents": "Segregation academy\n\n\npercent of Virginia's non-Hispanic white students attended these isolated schools., In Mississippi, many of the segregation academies were first established in the black-majority Mississippi Delta region in northwestern Mississippi. The Delta has historically had a very large majority-black population, related to the history of the use of slave labor on cotton plantations. The potential for integration resulted in white parents' establishing segregation academies in every county in the Delta. Many academies are still operating, from Indianola, Mississippi to Humphreys County. These schools", "id": "16560206" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nnationalities which settled in the area over time, forming the diversity of the region. Louisiana's first 18th century colonists were French, but they were soon joined by Spanish and Acadian settlers. The region has been home to other European-immigrant ethnic groups, beginning in the 19th century, including German, Sicilian, and Irish. There are also the Africans, West Indians, and Native Americans in the mix. The combination of these groups over time has created the special culture found in the Mississippi River Delta. Two unique", "id": "16619577" }, { "contents": "Champlain Valley National Heritage Area\n\n\nClinton, Essex, Warren, Saratoga and Washington counties in New York, and Bennington, Rutland, Addison, Chittenden, Franklin and Grand Isle counties in Vermont. Attractions located within the National Heritage Area include Fort Ticonderoga, the Lake Champlain Maritime Museum, Saratoga National Historical Park, portions of Adirondack Park and Green Mountain National Forest, Missisquoi National Wildlife Refuge and the Lake Champlain Underwater Historic Preserves. The Champlain Valley National Heritage Area was established by the Champlain Valley National Heritage Act of 2005. It is administered by the Champlain Valley", "id": "9913189" }, { "contents": "Atchafalaya National Heritage Area\n\n\nof the natural and built environment. The heritage area designation recognizes the area's unique environment and culture, and its contributions to music, English and French language, literature, and cuisine. Major locales included in the Heritage Area include Avery Island, New Iberia, Morgan City, Lafayette, Opelousas, Baton Rouge, Plaquemine and Houma. Jean Lafitte National Historical Park, Longfellow-Evangeline State Historic Site and Plaquemine Lock State Historic Site are included in the heritage area, as well as the Louisiana State Museum branches in Baton Rouge", "id": "9171578" }, { "contents": "Bryant Clark\n\n\nBryant W. Clark (born October 31, 1974) is an American politician from the state of Mississippi. A member of the Democratic Party, Clark is a member of the Mississippi House of Representatives, and represents the 47th district. He has served in the Mississippi House since 2004. The district includes parts of Attala, Holmes and Yazoo counties, which is located in central Mississippi. The district comprises both the Hills and Mississippi Delta regions of the state. Clark is a lifelong resident of Ebenezer, located in southern Holmes County", "id": "18412525" }, { "contents": "Louisiana African American Heritage Trail\n\n\nLouisiana African American Heritage Trail () is a cultural heritage trail with 26 sites designated in 2008 by the state of Louisiana, from New Orleans along the Mississippi River to Baton Rouge and Shreveport, with sites in small towns and plantations also included. In New Orleans several sites are within a walking area. Auto travel is required to reach sites outside the city. A variety of African-American museums devoted to art, history and culture are on the \"trail\", as is the Cane River Creole National Historical Park,", "id": "6088712" }, { "contents": "Delta Blues Museum\n\n\nThe Delta Blues Museum in Clarksdale, Mississippi, United States exists to collect, preserve, and provide public access to and awareness of the blues. Along with holdings of significant blues-related memorabilia, the museum also exhibits and collects art portraying the blues tradition, including works by sculptor Floyd Shaman and photographer Birney Imes. The museum is located in the Yazoo and Mississippi Valley Passenger Depot, also known as Illinois Central Passenger Depot or Clarksdale Passenger Depot, which was built in 1926 and listed on the National Register of Historic Places", "id": "19201111" }, { "contents": "Clarksdale, Mississippi\n\n\nClarksdale is a city in Coahoma County, Mississippi, United States, and seat of the county. The western boundary of the county is formed by the Mississippi River. Located in the Mississippi Delta region, Clarksdale is an agricultural and trading center. It has been home to many blues musicians. Clarksdale is named after John Clark, who founded the city in the mid-19th century. Choctaw and Chickasaw Indians occupied the Delta region prior to the arrival of European settlers. Clarksdale was developed at the former intersection of two Indian routes:", "id": "2119137" }, { "contents": "Education segregation in the Mississippi Delta\n\n\nThe Mississippi Delta region has had the most segregated schools -- and for the longest time—of any part of the United States. As recently as the 2016–2017 school year, East Side High School in Cleveland, Mississippi, was practically all black: 359 of 360 students were African-American. The Delta region of Mississippi is nineteen counties in the northwest of the state, bounded on the west by the Mississippi River and the south by the Yazoo River. It is a poor region of the country's poorest state. In", "id": "13439199" } ]

[ { "contents": "Mississippi Delta National Heritage Area\n\n\nMississippi Delta National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area that seeks to preserve and promote the landscape, culture and history of the Mississippi Delta in the northwestern portion of the U.S. state of Mississippi. The region is famous for blues music and a unique culture that has had broad influence on music and literature, both in the United States and worldwide. The national heritage area comprises Bolivar, Carroll, Coahoma, Desoto, Holmes, Humphreys, Issaquena, Leflore, Panola, Quitman, Sharkey, Tallahatchie, Tate, Tunica", "id": "16296069" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta\n\n\nyears. The land is flat and contains some of the most fertile soil in the world. It is two hundred miles long and seventy miles across at its widest point, encompassing approximately 4,415,000 acres, or, some 7,000 square miles of alluvial floodplain. On the east, it is bounded by bluffs extending beyond the Yazoo River. It includes all or part of the following counties: Washington, Western DeSoto, Humphreys, Carroll, Issaquena, Western Panola, Quitman, Bolivar, Coahoma, Leflore, Sunflower, Sharkey, Tate", "id": "15159893" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta Community College\n\n\nof Mississippi in April 1928. The name was changed to Mississippi Delta Junior College in 1960 and to Mississippi Delta Community College in 1989. The official service area of the college includes Bolivar, Humphreys, Issaquena, Leflore, Sharkey, Sunflower, and Washington counties. Coahoma County was originally in the college's service area, but the Mississippi Legislature removed it effective July 1, 1995, and it is now served by the Coahoma Community College. The main campus is located in Moorhead, Mississippi. Stauffer-Wood Administration Building houses", "id": "21307039" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Gulf Coast National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Mississippi Gulf Coast National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area along the Gulf coast of Mississippi. The designated area comprises six counties recognized for their unique cultural and scenic qualities. The National Heritage Area designation provides a unified marketing and promotional framework for the region. The National Heritage Area comprises Pearl River, Stone, George, Hancock, Harrison and Jackson counties. It includes the Mississippi portion of Gulf Islands National Seashore. The area was devastated by Hurricane Katrina in 2005. Much of the national heritage area's efforts", "id": "16361240" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Hills National Heritage Area\n\n\nMississippi Hills National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the northeastern portion of the U.S. state of Mississippi. The designation commemorates the region's impact on American culture and its role in the American Civil War and the American civil rights movement. The national heritage area designation provides a unified marketing and promotion framework for the area. The national heritage area covers all of Marshall, Benton, Tippah, Alcorn, Tishomingo, Lafayette, Union, Pontotoc, Lee, Itawamba, Calhoun, Chickasaw and Monroe counties, and those", "id": "17388610" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River floods of 2019\n\n\nwith some inundated by 15 feet of water. The Yazoo Backwater Area in the Mississippi Delta north of Vicksburg, Mississippi, experienced both record flood stages and record duration of flooding during the winter, spring, and summer of 2019. Portions of Warren, Issaquena, Sharkey, Yazoo, Humphreys, and Washington Counties were flooded. Almost half of the land area of Issaquena and Sharkey Counties experienced flooding. In late May, flood waters covered over 860 square miles (550,000 acres or 220,000 hectares), including about 390 square miles", "id": "13577492" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta\n\n\n, Tunica, Tallahatchie, Western Holmes, Western Yazoo, Western Grenada and Warren. Lexington is also part of the delta. The shifting river delta at the mouth of the Mississippi on the Gulf Coast lies some 300 miles south of this area, and is referred to as the Mississippi River Delta. The two should not be confused. Chinese began settling in Bolivar County and other Delta counties as plantation workers in the 1870s, though most Delta Chinese families migrated to the state between the 1900s and 1930s. Most Chinese immigrants worked", "id": "15159894" }, { "contents": "George W. Gayles\n\n\n1882, and then again in 1884 and 1886. In the House, he represented the 28th district, which included Bolivar, Coahoma, and Quitman County.In the Senate, he represented the ninth district, including Bolivar, Calhoun, and Sunflower counties. He was also chairman of the Third district Republican Convention in 1886 in Mississippi consisting of Bolivar, Coahoma, Issaquena, Leflore, Sunflower, Sharkey, Tunica, Quitman, Washington, and Warren counties. He was the only black state senator in Mississippi during his terms and", "id": "20783617" }, { "contents": "Coahoma County, Mississippi\n\n\nCoahoma County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 26,151. Its county seat is Clarksdale. The Clarksdale, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area includes all of Coahoma County. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region of Mississippi. Coahoma County was established February 9, 1836, and is located in the northwestern part of the state in the fertile Yazoo Delta region. The name \"Coahoma\" is a Choctaw word meaning \"red panther.\" The act creating the county", "id": "10611425" }, { "contents": "Delta Regional Authority\n\n\nMississippi; Jefferson Davis County, Mississippi; Lawrence County, Mississippi; Leflore County, Mississippi; Lafayette County, Mississippi; Madison County, Mississippi; Marion County, Mississippi; Lincoln County, Mississippi; Montgomery County, Mississippi; Panola County, Mississippi; Marshall County, Mississippi; Quitman County, Mississippi; Rankin County, Mississippi; Pike County, Mississippi; Smith County, Mississippi; Sunflower County, Mississippi; Sharkey County, Mississippi; Simpson County, Mississippi; Tippah County, Mississippi; Tallahatchie County, Mississippi; Tate County", "id": "11170384" }, { "contents": "Delta Regional Authority\n\n\nLouisiana; Winn Parish, Louisiana Mississippi Adams County, Mississippi; Amite County, Mississippi; Attala County, Mississippi; Benton County, Mississippi; Bolivar County, Mississippi; Carroll County, Mississippi; Claiborne County, Mississippi; Coahoma County, Mississippi; Copiah County, Mississippi; Covington County, Mississippi; DeSoto County, Mississippi; Franklin County, Mississippi; Grenada County, Mississippi; Hinds County, Mississippi; Holmes County, Mississippi; Humphreys County, Mississippi; Issaquena County, Mississippi; Jasper County, Mississippi; Jefferson County,", "id": "11170383" }, { "contents": "South Park National Heritage Area\n\n\nSouth Park National Heritage Area is a U.S. National Heritage Area encompassing the South Park of Colorado. Established on March 30, 2009 by the Omnibus Public Land Management Act of 2009 (§7002), the South Park NHA is managed by the Park County, Colorado Office of Tourism to promote and interpret the area's natural, scenic, and cultural resources. The National Heritage Area designation funds promotion of the area's mining, recreation, and ranching heritage. The National Heritage Area covers the majority of Park County, including the", "id": "8157140" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Civil Rights Museum\n\n\n2017, the Mississippi Department of Archives and History brought in Pam Junior as the new museum Director. Junior came from the Smith Robertson Museum and Cultural Center in Jackson, where she had been manager since 1999. Junior is a member of the board of directors for the Mississippi Delta National Heritage Area and Mississippi Book Festival and a co-founder of the Mississippi Black Theater Festival The museum hired Hilferty & Associates to design exhibits for the museum, which were fabricated by Exhibit Concepts. Monadnock Media designed the audio portions of the exhibits", "id": "6914076" }, { "contents": "Leflore County, Mississippi\n\n\nLeflore County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 32,317. The county seat is Greenwood. The county is named for Choctaw leader Greenwood LeFlore, who signed a treaty to cede his people's land to the United States in exchange for land in Indian Territory. LeFlore stayed in Mississippi, settling on land reserved for him in Tallahatchie County. Leflore County is part of the Greenwood, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region, with", "id": "10611085" }, { "contents": "Tallahatchie County, Mississippi\n\n\nTallahatchie County is a county in the U.S. state of Mississippi. At the 2010 census, the population was 15,378. Its county seats are Charleston and Sumner. Tallahatchie County is located in the Mississippi Delta region, divided by the Tallahatchie River which runs from north to south through the county before joining what becomes the Yazoo River in LeFlore County. The county was founded on December 31, 1833 after most of the Choctaw Nation was forced out under Indian Removal. Tallahatchie is a Choctaw name meaning \"rock of waters\". The", "id": "10555589" }, { "contents": "National Coal Heritage Area\n\n\nThe National Coal Heritage Area (NCHA) is a federally designated region of thirteen counties in West Virginia that were the source of \"smokeless\" bituminous coal through much of the 20th century. The National Heritage Area recognizes the area's cultural and historic qualities and serves to promote tourism, historic preservation and economic development in the region. The idea of the NCHA was first proposed in the early 1990s by Congressman Nick Rahall, and was established on November 12, 1996 by the 1996 Omnibus Parks and Public Lands Management Act. The", "id": "8963174" }, { "contents": "Muscle Shoals National Heritage Area\n\n\nMuscle Shoals National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the northwestern portion of the U.S. state of Alabama. It is centered on the portion of the Tennessee River around Muscle Shoals and interprets the region's history and culture. Muscle Shoals National Heritage Area comprises Lauderdale, Limestone, Colbert, Franklin, Lawrence and Morgan counties. Significant features of the heritage area include Wheeler Dam, Wilson Dam, Ivy Green, Rosenbaum House, Barton Hall and the northern end of the Natchez Trace. Muscle Shoals National Heritage Area was", "id": "16977602" }, { "contents": "Deer Creek (Mississippi)\n\n\nDeer Creek (also Issaquena Creek or Lower Deer Creek) is a creek in the U.S. state of Mississippi. Its source is Lake Bolivar, in Scott, Bolivar County, Mississippi. As Deer Creek flows south through the Mississippi Delta, it passes through the following counties: Bolivar, Washington, Sharkey, Issaquena, and Warren; and through the following communities: Metcalfe, Stoneville, Leland, Burdett, Arcola, Hollandale, Panther Burn, Nitta Yuma, Anguilla, Rolling Fork, Cary, Onward, and Valley Park.", "id": "1520113" }, { "contents": "Money, Mississippi\n\n\nMoney is an unincorporated Mississippi Delta community near Greenwood in Leflore County, Mississippi, United States. It has fewer than 100 residents, down from 400 in the early 1950s when a cotton mill operated there. Money is located on a railroad line along the Tallahatchie River, a tributary of the Yazoo River in the eastern part of the Mississippi Delta. The community has ZIP code 38945 in the Greenwood, Mississippi micropolitan area. Money is the site of the 1955 lynching of 14-year-old Emmett Till by white men, an event", "id": "15040548" }, { "contents": "Sharkey County, Mississippi\n\n\nSharkey County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. Part of the western border is formed by the Yazoo River. According to the 2010 census, the population was 4,916, making it the second-least populous county in Mississippi. Its county seat is Rolling Fork. The county is named after William L. Sharkey, the provisional Governor of Mississippi in 1865. Sharkey County is located in the Mississippi Delta region. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of , of which is land", "id": "10555635" }, { "contents": "Oil Region National Heritage Area\n\n\nOil Region National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the northwestern portion of the U.S. state of Pennsylvania. The national heritage area commemorates and promotes the region surrounding Edwin Drake's oil well of 1859 near Titusville, which gave rise to the modern oil industry. The national heritage area includes all of Venango County and a portion of Crawford County, including Titusville and Oil Creek Township The Oil Region National Heritage Area was established by Public Law 108-447 in 2004. It is administered by the Oil Region Alliance.", "id": "17389123" }, { "contents": "Delta National Forest\n\n\nDelta National Forest is a U.S. National Forest in western Mississippi, located in Sharkey County, and has an area of . Delta is operated as the Sunflower Wildlife Management Area. The forest is headquartered in Jackson, as are all six National Forests in Mississippi, but Delta Ranger District office is located in Rolling Fork. It is one of only six National Forests that are contained entirely within a single county and the only bottomland hardwood forest in the National Forest system. The Green Ash-Overcup Oak-Sweetgum Research Natural Areas within", "id": "3631940" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\ninfluences in the Mississippi River Delta. They continue to shape preferences of food, music, and art, as well as to maintain the unique identities existing in the southernmost parts of the region. Both cultures speak a form of French; but they are considered to be autonomous and distinct dialects. From 1910–1920, New Orleans became the birthplace of jazz and since has continued its legacy of being home to budding musicians and new musical experiences, tying music directly to its unique culture and diverse heritage. The origins of jazz and blues", "id": "16619580" }, { "contents": "Journey Through Hallowed Ground National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Journey Through Hallowed Ground National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in portions of Pennsylvania, West Virginia, Maryland and Virginia, in the eastern United States. The Journey Through Hallowed Ground National Heritage Area was established on May 8, 2008 by Public Law 110-229, the Consolidated Natural Resources Act of 2008.The designation provides a framework for the promotion and interpretation of the area's cultural and historic character, with particular emphasis on the region's role in the American Civil War, and the preservation of the natural", "id": "13516660" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta\n\n\nThe Mississippi Delta, also known as the Yazoo-Mississippi Delta, is the distinctive northwest section of the U.S. state of Mississippi (and portions of Arkansas and Louisiana) which lies between the Mississippi and Yazoo Rivers. The region has been called \"The Most Southern Place on Earth\" (\"Southern\" in the sense of \"characteristic of its region, the American South\"), because of its unique racial, cultural, and economic history. It is long and across at its widest point, encompassing about , or", "id": "15159888" }, { "contents": "Freedom's Way National Heritage Area\n\n\nFreedom's Way National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing portions of northern Massachusetts and southern New Hampshire. The heritage area includes sites significant to the American Revolution, cultural sites associated with Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau, and Native American sites. The heritage area seeks to preserve the region's landscape and historic structures. The National Heritage Area includes Minute Man National Historical Park, portions of Middlesex and Worcester counties in Massachusetts, and portions of Hillsborough County, New Hampshire, an area including a total of", "id": "14966358" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta\n\n\nside of the Mississippi River, another area of high poverty). The 1990s state legalization of casino gambling in Mississippi has boosted the Delta's economy, particularly in the areas of Tunica and Vicksburg. A large cultural influence in the region is its history of hunting and fishing. Hunting in the Delta is primarily for game such as whitetail deer, wild turkey, and waterfowl, along with many small game species (squirrel, rabbit, dove, quail, raccoon, etc.) For many years, the hunting and fishing", "id": "15159912" }, { "contents": "Baltimore National Heritage Area\n\n\nBaltimore National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing portions of Baltimore, Maryland, USA. The designated area includes the central portion of the city, waterfront, inner neighborhoods and portions of the city's park system. The district includes Fort McHenry and the Inner Harbor, as well as portions of the Charles Street, Falls Road, National Historic Seaport and Star Spangled Banner Maryland Scenic Byways. The Baltimore National Heritage Area was established on March 30, 2009 by the Omnibus Public Land Management Act of 2009 (§", "id": "8582841" }, { "contents": "B.B. King Museum\n\n\nThe B.B. King Museum and Delta Interpretive Center is a Delta blues museum with the mission to \"empower, unite and heal through music, art and education and share with the world the rich cultural heritage of the Mississippi Delta.\" The museum, named for blues legend, B.B. King, is located in his hometown of Indianola, Mississippi, in the United States. The B.B. King Museum and Delta Interpretive Center opened in Indianola Mississippi on September 13, 2008. The museum features a restored brick cotton gin building in which B.B.", "id": "17262603" }, { "contents": "Louise, Mississippi\n\n\nLouise is a town in Humphreys County, Mississippi. The population was 199 at the 2010 census, down from 315 at the 2000 census. Louise is located in southern Humphreys County at (32.981549, -90.591624), along Silver Creek in the Mississippi Delta region. Mississippi Highway 149 passes just east of the town, leading north to U.S. Route 49W at Silver City and south via Mississippi Highway 16 to Yazoo City. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town of Louise has a total area of , all land.", "id": "2222822" }, { "contents": "Arkansas Delta\n\n\nblues and gospel traditions. The East Central Delta area has produced a small number of talented and influential R&B artists. Arkansas's blues Influence, shares a rich heritage with Mississippi and Memphis, Tennessee. Arkansas was home to numerous blues masters, who are held in high esteem by newer generations learning blues history. Arkansas blues artists influenced decades of pop culture music by such artists as Muddy Waters, Little Milton, B.B. King, Eric Clapton, Jeff Beck, Joe Bonamassa, Stevie Ray Vaughan, George Harrison and the Rolling Stones", "id": "6558115" }, { "contents": "Cruger, Mississippi\n\n\nCruger is a town in Holmes County, Mississippi, United States. The population was 386 at the 2010 census, down from 449 at the 2000 census. Cruger is in the northwest corner of Holmes County, in the Mississippi Delta region along U.S. Route 49E. Greenwood is north of Cruger via US 49E, and Yazoo City is to the south. According to the United States Census Bureau, Cruger has a total area of , all land. As of the census of 2000, there were 449 people, 161 households, and", "id": "2222747" }, { "contents": "Carroll County, Mississippi\n\n\nCarroll County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 10,597. Its county seats are Carollton and Vaiden. The county is named for Charles Carroll of Carrollton, the last surviving signatory of the U.S. Declaration of Independence. Carroll County is part of the Greenwood, Micropolitan Statistical Area. Bordered by the Yazoo River on the west and the Big Black River to the east, it is considered within the Mississippi Delta region. Most of its land is in the hill country", "id": "10611479" }, { "contents": "Minter City, Mississippi\n\n\nMinter City is an unincorporated community located in Leflore County and in Tallahatchie County, Mississippi. It is part of the Greenwood, Mississippi micropolitan area, and is within the Mississippi Delta. Mississippi Highway 8 intersects U.S. Route 49E southwest of Minter City, and the Tallahatchie River flows to the east. There is a post office located on U.S. Route 49E, with a ZIP code of 38944. Variant names for the original settlement were \"Walnut Place Landing\" and \"Minter City Landing\". Spanish explorer Hernando de Soto may have", "id": "12467995" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta AVA\n\n\nThe Mississippi Delta AVA is an American Viticultural Area on the left (east) bank of the Mississippi River, between Memphis, Tennessee, and Vicksburg, Mississippi. It includes portions of the Mississippi Delta and the watershed of the lower Mississippi River in the U.S. states of Louisiana (west bank), Mississippi, and Tennessee. Since the creation of the AVA in 1984, there has been very little viticulture in the Mississippi Delta region. Mississippi State University established an enology laboratory to research grape cultivation in the area, but little", "id": "16585963" }, { "contents": "Greenwood, Mississippi\n\n\nGreenwood is a city in and the county seat of Leflore County, Mississippi, located at the eastern edge of the Mississippi Delta, approximately 96 miles north of the state capital, Jackson, Mississippi, and 130 miles south of the riverport of Memphis, Tennessee. It was a center of cotton planter culture in the 19th century. The population was 16,087 at the 2010 census. It is the principal city of the Greenwood Micropolitan Statistical Area. Greenwood developed at the confluence of the Tallahatchie and the Yalobusha rivers, which form the", "id": "3378194" }, { "contents": "Bolivar County, Mississippi\n\n\nBolivar County ( ) is a county located on the western border of the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 34,145. Its county seats are Rosedale and Cleveland. The county is named in honor of Simón Bolívar, early 19th-century leader of the liberation of several South American colonies from Spain. The Cleveland, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area includes all of Bolivar County. It is located in the Mississippi Delta, or Yazoo Basin, of Mississippi. This area was first developed for cotton plantations", "id": "10611493" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nmusic in the region is closely connected to the Mississippi River and the delta, as the location allowed for an influx of cultural influences, including blues and bluegrass music from upriver, to the African and Latin folk hymns and music from the Caribbean islands. The delta is still synonymous with the sounds of jazz, funk and zydeco and remains to be an important cultural hub for new sounds and music, bringing thousands to the area every year to experience the lifestyle and participate in the natural rhythms of the area. The region is", "id": "16619581" }, { "contents": "Essex National Heritage Commission\n\n\nThe Essex National Heritage Commission (ENHC) is a non-profit organization charted to oversee the Essex National Heritage Area, a National Heritage Area composed of all of Essex County, Massachusetts. The commission promotes the cultural heritage with public and private partnerships and with the National Park Service by developing programs that enhance, preserve and encourage regional awareness of the area's unique historic, cultural and natural resources. The commission is based in Salem. The organization has sponsored a number of events and programs that celebrate the region’s history,", "id": "16440799" }, { "contents": "Blue Ridge National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Blue Ridge National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing the twenty-five westernmost counties of North Carolina, which are associated with the Blue Ridge Mountains. The designation provides a framework for the promotion and interpretation of the area's cultural and historic character, and the preservation of the natural and built environment. The National Heritage Area includes the North Carolina portions of Great Smoky Mountains National Park and the Blue Ridge Parkway. Other attractions include Mount Mitchell in Pisgah National Forest, Nantahala National Forest and the North Carolina", "id": "9719864" }, { "contents": "Poverty Point\n\n\nPoverty Point State Historic Site (; 16 WC 5) is a prehistoric earthwork constructed by the Poverty Point culture. The Poverty Point site is located in present-day northeastern Louisiana though evidence of the Poverty Point culture extends throughout much of the Southeastern United States. The culture extended across the Mississippi Delta and south to the Gulf Coast. The Poverty Point site has been designated as a U.S. National Monument, a U.S. National Historic Landmark, and UNESCO World Heritage Site. Located in the Southern United States, the site is from the", "id": "10100047" }, { "contents": "Geography of Arkansas\n\n\nState Park, Delta Heritage Trail State Park, Felsenthal National Wildlife Refuge, Lake Chicot State Park, Mississippi River State Park, Overflow National Wildlife Refuge and White River National Wildlife Refuge. The flat topography and fertile soils of Southeast Arkansas have been important to the region throughout its history, first to the Native American that inhabited the region. This history is available today at museums like the Pine Bluff/Jefferson County Historical Museum. The area was one of the first explored and settled in Arkansas; including the territorial capital at Arkansas", "id": "17334085" }, { "contents": "Tchula, Mississippi\n\n\nhad vanished, partly due to increased use of machines in agriculture. Many businesses formerly in the town had disappeared. Tchula is in western Holmes County along Tchula Lake, an old river channel in the Mississippi Delta region of the state. U.S. Route 49E passes through the center of town, leading north to Greenwood and southwest to Yazoo. Mississippi Highway 12 leads southeast from Tchula to Lexington, the Holmes County seat. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of , of which , or 2.31", "id": "2222794" }, { "contents": "Freedom's Frontier National Heritage Area\n\n\nFreedom's Frontier National Heritage Area, Inc. (FFNHA) is a federally designated U.S. National Heritage Area located in eastern Kansas and Western Missouri. This heritage area preserves, conserves, and interprets historic and cultural landscapes pertaining to: the shaping of the frontier, the Missouri-Kansas Border War, and the enduring struggle for freedom. FFNHA was authorized on October 12, 2006, with the passage of the National Heritage Areas Act of 2006. The management plan for the heritage area was approved by the Board of Trustees on June", "id": "353294" }, { "contents": "Sunflower County, Mississippi\n\n\nSunflower County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 29,450. Its largest city and county seat is Indianola. Sunflower County comprises the Indianola, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is included in the Cleveland-Indianola, MS Combined Statistical Area. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region. Sunflower Country was created in 1844. The land mass encompassed most of Sunflower and Leflore Counties as we know them today. The first seat of government was Clayton, located near", "id": "10555603" }, { "contents": "Atchafalaya National Heritage Area\n\n\nAtchafalaya National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing parts of fourteen parishes along the Atchafalaya River in the U.S. State of Louisiana. The heritage area extends the length of the Atchafalaya Basin from the area of Ferriday in the north to the river's mouth beyond Morgan City. The National Heritage Area is divided into four regions: Upper, Between 2 Rivers, Bayou Teche Corridor and the Coastal Zone. The designation provides a framework for the promotion and interpretation of the area's cultural and historic character, and the preservation", "id": "9171577" }, { "contents": "Niagara Falls National Heritage Area\n\n\nNiagara Falls National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing the Niagara Falls region of the U.S. State of New York. The heritage area includes the communities of Niagara Falls, Youngstown and Lewiston. The designation provides a framework for the promotion and interpretation of the area's cultural and historic character, and the preservation of the natural and built environment. The heritage area designation recognizes the area's importance to Native Americans, to early European explorers of America, the American Revolution, the War of 1812 and the area's", "id": "9115304" }, { "contents": "Warren County, Mississippi\n\n\nWarren County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 48,773. Its county seat is Vicksburg. Created by legislative act of 22 December 1809, Warren County is named for American Revolutionary War officer Joseph Warren. Part of the Mississippi Delta and the historic cotton culture, Warren County is included in the Vicksburg, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Jackson-Vicksburg-Brookhaven, MS Combined Statistical Area. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the", "id": "10555530" }, { "contents": "Greenwood, Mississippi micropolitan area\n\n\nThe Greenwood Micropolitan Statistical Area is a micropolitan area in the northwestern Delta region of Mississippi that covers two counties - Leflore and Carroll. As of the 2000 census, the μSA had a population of 48,716 (though a July 1, 2009 estimate placed the population at 44,841). As of the census of 2000, there were 48,716 people, 17,027 households, and 11,956 families residing within the μSA. The racial makeup of the μSA was 37.22% White, 60.85% African American, 0.10% Native American, 0.54% Asian", "id": "8919330" }, { "contents": "James Thomas (blues musician)\n\n\n\". In 1985, his work was featured in the prestigious Corcoran Gallery in Washington, D.C., where he was introduced to Nancy Reagan, then the First Lady. Thomas's skulls are on display in the Delta Blues Museum, in Clarksdale, Mississippi, and the Highway 61 Blues Museum, in Leland, Mississippi. Thomas played at numerous blues festivals and private parties throughout the area, including the Mississippi Delta Blues and Heritage Festival in Greenville. In the 1970s, Eddie Cusic performed with Thomas at regular engagements. Together they", "id": "17330513" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nand is an important coastal region for the United States, containing more than of coastal wetlands and 37% of the estuarine marsh in the conterminous U.S. The coastal area is the nation's largest drainage basin and drains about 41% of the contiguous United States into the Gulf of Mexico at an average rate of . The modern Mississippi River Delta formed over the last approximately 4,500 years as the Mississippi River deposited sand, clay and silt along its banks and in adjacent basins. The Mississippi River Delta is a river-dominated delta system", "id": "16619564" }, { "contents": "Arabia Mountain National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Arabia Mountain National Heritage Area is a National Heritage Area in the U.S. state of Georgia that encompasses natural, cultural, and historical elements to form a cohesive, nationally significant environment. The area is due east of Atlanta and spans reaching from the historic commercial center of Lithonia to the Monastery of the Holy Spirit in Conyers, including a number of sites in between, including Panola Mountain State Park, Davidson-Arabia Mountain Nature Preserve, the Mall at Stonecrest, and more. The Heritage Area was established in 2006, and", "id": "352970" }, { "contents": "Sangre de Cristo National Heritage Area\n\n\nSangre de Cristo National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the south central portion of the U.S. state of Colorado. The heritage area includes the San Luis Valley and portions of the Sangre de Cristo Range. The region combines influences of Anglo-American, Hispano-American and Native American influences. It also includes portions of the upper Rio Grande valley. The national heritage area includes Alamosa, Costilla, and Conejos counties, and portions of Saguache and Rio Grande counties. It also includes within its boundaries Great Sand", "id": "17389640" }, { "contents": "Delta State–Mississippi College football rivalry\n\n\nThe Delta State–Mississippi College football rivalry, commonly known as the Heritage Bell Classic, is a college football rivalry game between a public university and a private Christian college in the U.S. state of Mississippi, the Delta State University Statesmen and the Mississippi College Choctaws. The current winner is Delta State, who won, 28–21, on November 10, 2018. Delta State leads the all-time series, 22–15–2. The Delta State Statesmen were co-founding members of the Gulf South Conference in 1970. Mississippi College joined the", "id": "15797675" }, { "contents": "Delta blues\n\n\nDelta blues is one of the earliest-known styles of blues music. It originated in the Mississippi Delta, a region of the U.S. stretching from Memphis, Tennessee, in the north to Vicksburg, Mississippi, in the south and from Helena, Arkansas, in the west to the Yazoo River in the east. The Mississippi Delta is famous for its fertile soil and for its poverty. Delta blues is regarded as a regional variant of country blues. Guitar and harmonica are its dominant instruments; slide guitar is a hallmark of", "id": "7794018" }, { "contents": "Arkansas Delta\n\n\na decline. Charles Bowden of \"National Geographic\" wrote, \"By 1970 the sharecropping world was already disappearing, and the landscape of today—huge fields, giant machines, battered towns, few people—beginning to emerge.\" The Arkansas Delta is known for its rich musical heritage. While defined primarily by its deep blues/gospel roots, it is distinguished somewhat from its Mississippi Delta counterpart by more intricately interwoven country music and R&B elements. Arkansas blues musicians have defined every genre of blues from its inception, including", "id": "6558110" }, { "contents": "Greenwood High School (Mississippi)\n\n\nGreenwood High School is a public high school located in Greenwood, Leflore County, in the U.S. state of Mississippi. The school is part of the Greenwood Public School District. Greenwood, Mississippi, is a town of slightly over 15,000 residents located on the banks of the Yazoo River about south of Memphis, Tennessee, and about north of Jackson, Mississippi. The city and county are named after Greenwood Leflore, the designated leader of the Choctaw nation who ceded Mississippi land under pressure of the 1830 Indian Removal Act to the United", "id": "4541464" }, { "contents": "Upper Housatonic Valley National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Upper Housatonic Valley National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the U.S. states of Connecticut and Massachusetts. The heritage area interprets and promotes the historical, cultural and scenic features of the upper Housatonic River valley in the western part of both states. The heritage area focuses on five themes: the area's role as a resort for writers, artists, actors and musicians, the scenic landscape, the area's role in industry, the American Revolutionary War, and the social and religious groups associated with the area", "id": "17597179" }, { "contents": "National Heritage Area\n\n\nA National Heritage Area is a site designated by United States and intended to encourage historic preservation of the area and an appreciation of the history and heritage of the site. There are currently 55 National Heritage Areas, some of which use variations of the title, such as National Heritage Corridor. National Heritage Areas (NHAs) are not National Park Service units or federally owned or managed land. NHAs are administered by state governments or non-profit organizations or other private corporations, referred to as \"local coordinating entities\". The", "id": "2301876" }, { "contents": "Lackawanna Heritage Valley National and State Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Lackawanna Heritage Valley National and State Heritage Area is a state and federally designated National Heritage Area in northeastern Pennsylvania. It was initially established in 1991 as the first State Heritage Park in Pennsylvania, and was additionally designated a National Heritage Area in 2000. The designations recognize the area's heritage of industry, architecture, history and natural resources, and provide a framework for development and promotion of these features. The Lackawanna Heritage Valley National and State Heritage Area is managed by the Lackawanna Heritage Valley Authority, or LHVA. The National", "id": "16220344" }, { "contents": "Kenai Mountains – Turnagain Arm National Heritage Area\n\n\nKenai Mountains – Turnagain Arm National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the U.S. state of Alaska. The heritage area extends across the northern part of the Kenai Peninsula, immediately to the north and east of Kenai Fjords National Park. The designation recognizes the area's unique cultural, scenic and historical features and provides a unified organization for promotion of the area's attractions. The Kenai Mountains – Turnagain Arm National Heritage Area (KMTA) includes the road corridor between Seward and Hope and Whittier, from Resurrection Bay in", "id": "16167272" }, { "contents": "Mayersville, Mississippi\n\n\nMayersville is a town on the east bank of the Mississippi River, and the county seat for Issaquena County, Mississippi, United States. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region, known for cotton cultivation in the antebellum era. Once the trading center for the county, the town was superseded when railroads were built into the area. The population of the majority-black town was 547 at the 2010 census, down from 795 at the 2000 census. Native Americans had lived in this area since prehistoric times. The Mayersville", "id": "2222833" }, { "contents": "Crenshaw, Mississippi\n\n\nCrenshaw is a town in Panola and Quitman counties in the U.S. state of Mississippi. The population was 916 at the 2000 census. Crenshaw is located at (34.502661, -90.195841). Most of the town is in Panola County with a small portion on the west side in Quitman County. In the 2000 census, 697 of the town's 916 residents (76.1%) lived in Panola County and 219 (23.9%) in Quitman County. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of", "id": "17931693" }, { "contents": "Panola County, Mississippi\n\n\nPanola County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 34,707. Its county seats are Sardis and Batesville. Panola is the anglicization of \"ponolo\", a word meaning thread in both old Choctaw and Chickasaw and cotton in modern Choctaw. The county is located just east of the Mississippi Delta and bisected by the Tallahatchie River flowing to the southwest, separating the two county seats. Panola County was established February 9, 1836, and is one of the twelve large", "id": "10555705" }, { "contents": "MotorCities National Heritage Area\n\n\nMotorCities National Heritage Area or Motor Cities National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area that commemorates and promotes the automobile industry in Metro Detroit, with portions of 16 counties in southern Michigan, United States. The scope of the heritage area includes sites and events relating to the motor industry as well as the industry's impact on labor, society and the environment. The heritage area comprises more than 1200 automotive-related sites, including the Henry Ford Museum, Fair Lane, various Ford plants, the Automotive Hall of Fame", "id": "16976479" }, { "contents": "Great Basin National Heritage Area\n\n\nGreat Basin National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in Nevada and Utah, including White Pine County, Nevada and Millard County, Utah. The area was designated to recognize and promote the scenic and cultural resources associated with this central portion of the Great Basin. The National Heritage Area includes Great Basin National Park and portions of Humboldt-Toiyabe and Fishlake National Forests, as well as Fort Deseret, Sevier Lake and the Topaz War Relocation Center. Great Basin National Heritage Area was designated on October 13, 2006.", "id": "15909144" }, { "contents": "Crowder, Mississippi\n\n\nCrowder is a town in Panola and Quitman counties in the state of Mississippi. The population was 766 at the 2000 census. Most of Crowder is in Quitman County with a portion on the east in adjacent Panola County. In the 2000 census, 462 of the town's 766 residents (60.3%) lived in Quitman County and 304 (39.7%) in Panola County. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 0.4 square miles (1.2 km², all land. As of the", "id": "17931698" }, { "contents": "Rivers of Steel National Heritage Area\n\n\nRivers of Steel National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in southwestern Pennsylvania, centered on Pittsburgh and oriented around the interpretation and promotion of the region's steel-making heritage. The area roughly covers the valleys of the Ohio, Monongahela and lower Allegheny rivers. Major interpretive locations include the Carrie Furnace, Pinkerton's Landing Bridge and other features of the Homestead Steel Works. The national heritage area comprises Allegheny, Armstrong, Beaver, Butler, Greene, Fayette, Washington and Westmoreland counties. Rivers of Steel National Heritage", "id": "17389345" }, { "contents": "Crowley's Ridge Parkway\n\n\nroute which allowed the traveler to experience the Southern heritage of the area. The National Scenic Byway designation came the following year, with an extension into Missouri in 2000. The majority of the route is in Arkansas, and the parkway begins in Phillips County, Arkansas, in Helena-West Helena very near the Helena Bridge over the Mississippi River. Beginning at US Route 49 (US 49) and running north with US 49 Business (US 49B), the route passes historic properties including the Delta Cultural Center, the Jerome", "id": "1149985" }, { "contents": "Issaquena County, Mississippi\n\n\nIssaquena County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 1,406, making it the least populous county in the United States east of the Mississippi River. Its county seat is Mayersville. With a per-capita income of $18,598, Issaquena County is the poorest county in the United States. Issaquena County is located in the Mississippi Delta region. The Mississippi River flows along the entire western boundary of the county, and many of the earliest communities were river ports.", "id": "10611264" }, { "contents": "Delta Regional Authority\n\n\n, Mississippi; Tunica County, Mississippi; Union County, Mississippi; Walthall County, Mississippi; Warren County, Mississippi; Washington County, Mississippi; Wilkinson County, Mississippi; Yalobusha County, Mississippi; Yazoo County, Mississippi Missouri Bollinger County, Missouri; Butler County, Missouri; Cape Girardeau County, Missouri; Carter County, Missouri; Crawford County, Missouri; Dent County, Missouri; Douglas County, Missouri; Dunklin County, Missouri; Howell County, Missouri; Iron County, Missouri; Madison County, Missouri; Mississippi", "id": "11170385" }, { "contents": "Tunica County, Mississippi\n\n\nTunica County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 10,778. Its county seat is Tunica. The county is named for the Tunica Native Americans. Most migrated to central Louisiana during the colonial period. Tunica County is part of the Memphis, TN-MS-AR Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region. Since the late 20th century, it is known for Tunica Resorts (formerly Robinsonville), an unincorporated community that is the site", "id": "10555567" }, { "contents": "Emmett Till\n\n\nin the Mississippi Delta are memorialized as associated with Till. Emmett Till was born in 1941 in Chicago; he was the son of Mamie Carthan (1921–2003) and Louis Till (1922–1945). Emmett's mother Mamie was born in the small Delta town of Webb, Mississippi. The Delta region encompasses the large, multi-county area of northwestern Mississippi in the watershed of the Yazoo and Mississippi rivers. When Carthan was two years old, her family moved to Argo, Illinois, as part of the Great Migration of rural", "id": "2570054" }, { "contents": "History of New Orleans\n\n\nUnion during the Civil War. With its rich and unique cultural and architectural heritage, it remains a major destination for tourism, conventions, and major sports events, even after the major destruction and loss of life resulting from Hurricane Katrina in 2005. The land mass that was to become the city of New Orleans was formed around 2200 BC when the Mississippi River deposited silt creating the delta region. Before Europeans founded the settlement, the area was inhabited by Native Americans for about 1300 years. The Mississippian culture peoples built mounds and", "id": "3084005" }, { "contents": "B.B. King Museum\n\n\nKing worked in the 1940s. The museum also contains an extensive collection of artifacts owned by King and displays exhibits about his life and the lives of other musicians of the delta region and the culture where the blues arose. The museum commemorates the famous blues artist, B.B King, who was from the Mississippi Delta. The museum has multiple exhibits highlighting King's Delta Blue music. Exhibits include interactive exhibits, King memorabilia, and stories. The museum seeks to help preserve Delta Blues and its culture by promoting its importance. In", "id": "17262604" }, { "contents": "Missouri Bootheel\n\n\nwrites: Given the population in the area, even a moderately sized earthquake would be disastrous. The Bootheel (pronounced Boothill in the region) is on the edge of the Mississippi Delta culture that produced the Delta blues. Its relatively large black population makes it distinct from the rest of rural Missouri. The area has a unique rural black culture reflected in its music, churches and other traditions. The black population ranges from about 26% in Pemiscot County, to 15% in New Madrid County, and about 9% in", "id": "12618286" }, { "contents": "Moorhead, Mississippi\n\n\nMoorhead is a city in Sunflower County, Mississippi. As of the 2000 census, the city population was 2,573. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of , of which is land and 0.77% is water. Moorhead is along U.S. Route 82, east of Indianola. Moorhead is located at the intersection of the Southern and Yazoo Delta railroads. This is the origin of the legendary blues crossroads phrase \"where the Southern cross the Dog\". As of the 2010 United States Census,", "id": "2223816" }, { "contents": "Blanche Bruce\n\n\nsteamboat porter on the Mississippi River. In 1864, he moved to Hannibal, Missouri, where he established a school for black children. In 1868, during Reconstruction, Bruce relocated to Bolivar near Cleveland in northwestern Mississippi, at which he purchased a Mississippi Delta plantation. He became a wealthy landowner of several thousand acres in the Mississippi Delta. He was appointed to the positions of Tallahatchie County registrar of voters and tax assessor before he won an election for sheriff in Bolivar County. He later was elected to other county positions,", "id": "13640962" }, { "contents": "Delta, Mississippi\n\n\nDelta is a ghost town in Coahoma County, Mississippi, United States. Once a thriving port on the Mississippi River, Delta today is covered by farmland and a portion of the Mississippi Levee. Nothing remains of the original settlement. The county seat was moved from Port Royal to Delta in 1842. In 1844, Delta was surveyed and laid off into lots. The town had a population of about 700, and was a busy steamboat port. Delta incorporated in 1848. That same year, the river flooded the town,", "id": "8584565" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nbenefits that are unique to the region. These vital resources are at constant risk of being lost with the continual land loss and the decreasing size of the natural coastal area. The Mississippi River Delta has a strong economy which relies heavily on tourism and recreational activities such as fishing, hunting and wildlife watching as well as commercial fishing, oil, gas, and shipping industries. There are a number of major industries in the Mississippi River Delta that drive the local and national economy, including: In total, the five Gulf Coast", "id": "16619584" }, { "contents": "Holmes County, Mississippi\n\n\nHolmes County is a county in the U.S. state of Mississippi; its western border is formed by the Yazoo River and the eastern border by the Big Black River. The western part of the county is within the Yazoo-Mississippi Delta. As of the 2010 census, the population was 19,198. Its county seat is Lexington. The county is named in honor of David Holmes, territorial governor and the first governor of the state of Mississippi and later United States Senator for Mississippi. A favorite son, Edmond Favor Noel, was", "id": "10611282" }, { "contents": "Greenville, Mississippi\n\n\nGreenville is a city in, and the county seat of, Washington County, Mississippi, United States. The population was 34,400 at the 2010 census. It is located in the area of historic cotton plantations and culture known as the Mississippi Delta. This area was occupied by indigenous peoples for thousands of years. When the French explored here, they encountered the historic Natchez people. As part of their colony known as \"La Louisiane\", the French established a settlement at what became Natchez, Mississippi. Other Native American tribes", "id": "2224007" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nartery. In addition to shipping, local and commercial fisheries continued to expand. The discovery of vast oil and gas deposits brought further economic and environmental changes to the delta. Despite these profound changes, the delta today remains very much rooted in the vibrant cultural and social traditions of its residents. The Mississippi River Delta is home to more than two million people. The location of the delta at the mouth of the Mississippi River allowed for the area to be a cultural gateway into the United States, and influenced the mix of", "id": "16619576" }, { "contents": "Essex Heritage\n\n\nEssex Heritage is a non-profit organization charted to promote the cultural heritage of Essex County in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. Working with both public and private partnerships and with the National Park Service, the group supports and develops programs that enhance, preserve and encourage regional awareness of the area’s unique historic, cultural and natural resources. Headquartered in Salem, Massachusetts, the Commission services the 34 communities of Essex County. It has been recognized by the United States Congress in recognition of the important role that this region played in American", "id": "16609234" }, { "contents": "Washington County, Mississippi\n\n\nWashington County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 51,137. Its county seat is Greenville. The county is named in honor of the first President of the United States, George Washington. The Greenville, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area includes all of Washington County. It is located in the Mississippi Delta. Located in the Mississippi Delta, Washington County was first developed for cotton cultivation in the antebellum years. Most plantations were developed to have access to the rivers, which", "id": "10555522" }, { "contents": "Mississippi\n\n\nIsland. The northwest remainder of the state consists of the Mississippi Delta, a section of the Mississippi Alluvial Plain. The plain is narrow in the south and widens north of Vicksburg. The region has rich soil, partly made up of silt which had been regularly deposited by the flood waters of the Mississippi River. Areas under the management of the National Park Service include: Mississippi City Population Rankings of at least 50,000 (United States Census Bureau as of 2017): Mississippi City Population Rankings of at least 20,000 but fewer than", "id": "21293458" }, { "contents": "Belzoni, Mississippi\n\n\nBelzoni ( ) is a city in Humphreys County, Mississippi, in the Mississippi Delta region, on the Yazoo River. The population was 2,235 at the 2010 census. It is the county seat of Humphreys County. It was named for the 19th-century Italian archaeologist/explorer Giovanni Battista Belzoni. The area was named Farm-Raised Catfish Capital of the World in 1976 by then Governor Cliff Finch, since it produces more farm-raised catfish than any other U.S. county. About of the county are under water in ponds", "id": "2222804" }, { "contents": "2011 Mississippi River floods\n\n\nfrom Vicksburg was cut off for more than two weeks. U.S. Highway 61 between Vicksburg and Port Gibson was closed by backwater flooding along the Big Black River on May 12; it reopened June 1. Another portion of U.S. Highway 61 near Redwood was closed by backwater flooding along the Yazoo River on May 13 and was closed until June 3. In anticipation of major flooding, the U.S. federal government declared 14 counties along the Mississippi River, the Thames River: Adams, Bolivar, Claiborne, Coahoma, DeSoto, Humphreys, Issaquena", "id": "8214155" }, { "contents": "Memphis, Tennessee\n\n\nother places in the world could offer cheaper labor, and the workforce was undereducated for today's challenges. The Memphis Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA), the 42nd largest in the United States, has a 2010 population of 1,316,100 and includes the Tennessee counties of Shelby, Tipton and Fayette; as well as the northern Mississippi counties of DeSoto, Marshall, Tate, and Tunica; and Crittenden County, Arkansas, all part of the Mississippi Delta. The total metropolitan area has a higher proportion of whites and a higher per capita", "id": "4225772" }, { "contents": "Northern Plains National Heritage Area\n\n\nNorthern Plains National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area along an length of the Missouri River in central North Dakota. The heritage area promotes and interprets the scenic, cultural and historic heritage of the region. It extends from Knife River Indian Villages National Historic Site to Huff Indian Village State Historic Site The area interprets the history of the Three Affiliated Tribes, the passage of the Lewis and Clark Expedition, the fur trade, steamboats on the Missouri and Fort Abraham Lincoln. It also interprets the area's association with the", "id": "17044952" }, { "contents": "Tornado outbreak of April 22–25, 2010\n\n\ncrossed the Mississippi River shortly thereafter, and damaged or destroyed numerous homes on the north side of Eagle Lake. The tornado then moved across the Delta National Forest in Issaquena and Sharkey Counties, causing major tree damage. The tornado again caused significant home damage northwest of Satartia, and again as it crossed Highway 3 near the Crupp community. The tornado then moved through rural areas southwest of Yazoo City, causing major damage or total destruction of a number of homes, as well as intense tree damage. As the tornado approached the", "id": "5566995" }, { "contents": "Segregation academy\n\n\npercent of Virginia's non-Hispanic white students attended these isolated schools., In Mississippi, many of the segregation academies were first established in the black-majority Mississippi Delta region in northwestern Mississippi. The Delta has historically had a very large majority-black population, related to the history of the use of slave labor on cotton plantations. The potential for integration resulted in white parents' establishing segregation academies in every county in the Delta. Many academies are still operating, from Indianola, Mississippi to Humphreys County. These schools", "id": "16560206" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nnationalities which settled in the area over time, forming the diversity of the region. Louisiana's first 18th century colonists were French, but they were soon joined by Spanish and Acadian settlers. The region has been home to other European-immigrant ethnic groups, beginning in the 19th century, including German, Sicilian, and Irish. There are also the Africans, West Indians, and Native Americans in the mix. The combination of these groups over time has created the special culture found in the Mississippi River Delta. Two unique", "id": "16619577" }, { "contents": "Champlain Valley National Heritage Area\n\n\nClinton, Essex, Warren, Saratoga and Washington counties in New York, and Bennington, Rutland, Addison, Chittenden, Franklin and Grand Isle counties in Vermont. Attractions located within the National Heritage Area include Fort Ticonderoga, the Lake Champlain Maritime Museum, Saratoga National Historical Park, portions of Adirondack Park and Green Mountain National Forest, Missisquoi National Wildlife Refuge and the Lake Champlain Underwater Historic Preserves. The Champlain Valley National Heritage Area was established by the Champlain Valley National Heritage Act of 2005. It is administered by the Champlain Valley", "id": "9913189" }, { "contents": "Atchafalaya National Heritage Area\n\n\nof the natural and built environment. The heritage area designation recognizes the area's unique environment and culture, and its contributions to music, English and French language, literature, and cuisine. Major locales included in the Heritage Area include Avery Island, New Iberia, Morgan City, Lafayette, Opelousas, Baton Rouge, Plaquemine and Houma. Jean Lafitte National Historical Park, Longfellow-Evangeline State Historic Site and Plaquemine Lock State Historic Site are included in the heritage area, as well as the Louisiana State Museum branches in Baton Rouge", "id": "9171578" }, { "contents": "Bryant Clark\n\n\nBryant W. Clark (born October 31, 1974) is an American politician from the state of Mississippi. A member of the Democratic Party, Clark is a member of the Mississippi House of Representatives, and represents the 47th district. He has served in the Mississippi House since 2004. The district includes parts of Attala, Holmes and Yazoo counties, which is located in central Mississippi. The district comprises both the Hills and Mississippi Delta regions of the state. Clark is a lifelong resident of Ebenezer, located in southern Holmes County", "id": "18412525" }, { "contents": "Louisiana African American Heritage Trail\n\n\nLouisiana African American Heritage Trail () is a cultural heritage trail with 26 sites designated in 2008 by the state of Louisiana, from New Orleans along the Mississippi River to Baton Rouge and Shreveport, with sites in small towns and plantations also included. In New Orleans several sites are within a walking area. Auto travel is required to reach sites outside the city. A variety of African-American museums devoted to art, history and culture are on the \"trail\", as is the Cane River Creole National Historical Park,", "id": "6088712" }, { "contents": "Delta Blues Museum\n\n\nThe Delta Blues Museum in Clarksdale, Mississippi, United States exists to collect, preserve, and provide public access to and awareness of the blues. Along with holdings of significant blues-related memorabilia, the museum also exhibits and collects art portraying the blues tradition, including works by sculptor Floyd Shaman and photographer Birney Imes. The museum is located in the Yazoo and Mississippi Valley Passenger Depot, also known as Illinois Central Passenger Depot or Clarksdale Passenger Depot, which was built in 1926 and listed on the National Register of Historic Places", "id": "19201111" }, { "contents": "Clarksdale, Mississippi\n\n\nClarksdale is a city in Coahoma County, Mississippi, United States, and seat of the county. The western boundary of the county is formed by the Mississippi River. Located in the Mississippi Delta region, Clarksdale is an agricultural and trading center. It has been home to many blues musicians. Clarksdale is named after John Clark, who founded the city in the mid-19th century. Choctaw and Chickasaw Indians occupied the Delta region prior to the arrival of European settlers. Clarksdale was developed at the former intersection of two Indian routes:", "id": "2119137" }, { "contents": "Education segregation in the Mississippi Delta\n\n\nThe Mississippi Delta region has had the most segregated schools -- and for the longest time—of any part of the United States. As recently as the 2016–2017 school year, East Side High School in Cleveland, Mississippi, was practically all black: 359 of 360 students were African-American. The Delta region of Mississippi is nineteen counties in the northwest of the state, bounded on the west by the Mississippi River and the south by the Yazoo River. It is a poor region of the country's poorest state. In", "id": "13439199" } ]

[ { "contents": "Mississippi Delta National Heritage Area\n\n\nMississippi Delta National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area that seeks to preserve and promote the landscape, culture and history of the Mississippi Delta in the northwestern portion of the U.S. state of Mississippi. The region is famous for blues music and a unique culture that has had broad influence on music and literature, both in the United States and worldwide. The national heritage area comprises Bolivar, Carroll, Coahoma, Desoto, Holmes, Humphreys, Issaquena, Leflore, Panola, Quitman, Sharkey, Tallahatchie, Tate, Tunica", "id": "16296069" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta\n\n\nyears. The land is flat and contains some of the most fertile soil in the world. It is two hundred miles long and seventy miles across at its widest point, encompassing approximately 4,415,000 acres, or, some 7,000 square miles of alluvial floodplain. On the east, it is bounded by bluffs extending beyond the Yazoo River. It includes all or part of the following counties: Washington, Western DeSoto, Humphreys, Carroll, Issaquena, Western Panola, Quitman, Bolivar, Coahoma, Leflore, Sunflower, Sharkey, Tate", "id": "15159893" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta Community College\n\n\nof Mississippi in April 1928. The name was changed to Mississippi Delta Junior College in 1960 and to Mississippi Delta Community College in 1989. The official service area of the college includes Bolivar, Humphreys, Issaquena, Leflore, Sharkey, Sunflower, and Washington counties. Coahoma County was originally in the college's service area, but the Mississippi Legislature removed it effective July 1, 1995, and it is now served by the Coahoma Community College. The main campus is located in Moorhead, Mississippi. Stauffer-Wood Administration Building houses", "id": "21307039" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Gulf Coast National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Mississippi Gulf Coast National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area along the Gulf coast of Mississippi. The designated area comprises six counties recognized for their unique cultural and scenic qualities. The National Heritage Area designation provides a unified marketing and promotional framework for the region. The National Heritage Area comprises Pearl River, Stone, George, Hancock, Harrison and Jackson counties. It includes the Mississippi portion of Gulf Islands National Seashore. The area was devastated by Hurricane Katrina in 2005. Much of the national heritage area's efforts", "id": "16361240" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Hills National Heritage Area\n\n\nMississippi Hills National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the northeastern portion of the U.S. state of Mississippi. The designation commemorates the region's impact on American culture and its role in the American Civil War and the American civil rights movement. The national heritage area designation provides a unified marketing and promotion framework for the area. The national heritage area covers all of Marshall, Benton, Tippah, Alcorn, Tishomingo, Lafayette, Union, Pontotoc, Lee, Itawamba, Calhoun, Chickasaw and Monroe counties, and those", "id": "17388610" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River floods of 2019\n\n\nwith some inundated by 15 feet of water. The Yazoo Backwater Area in the Mississippi Delta north of Vicksburg, Mississippi, experienced both record flood stages and record duration of flooding during the winter, spring, and summer of 2019. Portions of Warren, Issaquena, Sharkey, Yazoo, Humphreys, and Washington Counties were flooded. Almost half of the land area of Issaquena and Sharkey Counties experienced flooding. In late May, flood waters covered over 860 square miles (550,000 acres or 220,000 hectares), including about 390 square miles", "id": "13577492" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta\n\n\n, Tunica, Tallahatchie, Western Holmes, Western Yazoo, Western Grenada and Warren. Lexington is also part of the delta. The shifting river delta at the mouth of the Mississippi on the Gulf Coast lies some 300 miles south of this area, and is referred to as the Mississippi River Delta. The two should not be confused. Chinese began settling in Bolivar County and other Delta counties as plantation workers in the 1870s, though most Delta Chinese families migrated to the state between the 1900s and 1930s. Most Chinese immigrants worked", "id": "15159894" }, { "contents": "George W. Gayles\n\n\n1882, and then again in 1884 and 1886. In the House, he represented the 28th district, which included Bolivar, Coahoma, and Quitman County.In the Senate, he represented the ninth district, including Bolivar, Calhoun, and Sunflower counties. He was also chairman of the Third district Republican Convention in 1886 in Mississippi consisting of Bolivar, Coahoma, Issaquena, Leflore, Sunflower, Sharkey, Tunica, Quitman, Washington, and Warren counties. He was the only black state senator in Mississippi during his terms and", "id": "20783617" }, { "contents": "Coahoma County, Mississippi\n\n\nCoahoma County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 26,151. Its county seat is Clarksdale. The Clarksdale, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area includes all of Coahoma County. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region of Mississippi. Coahoma County was established February 9, 1836, and is located in the northwestern part of the state in the fertile Yazoo Delta region. The name \"Coahoma\" is a Choctaw word meaning \"red panther.\" The act creating the county", "id": "10611425" }, { "contents": "Delta Regional Authority\n\n\nMississippi; Jefferson Davis County, Mississippi; Lawrence County, Mississippi; Leflore County, Mississippi; Lafayette County, Mississippi; Madison County, Mississippi; Marion County, Mississippi; Lincoln County, Mississippi; Montgomery County, Mississippi; Panola County, Mississippi; Marshall County, Mississippi; Quitman County, Mississippi; Rankin County, Mississippi; Pike County, Mississippi; Smith County, Mississippi; Sunflower County, Mississippi; Sharkey County, Mississippi; Simpson County, Mississippi; Tippah County, Mississippi; Tallahatchie County, Mississippi; Tate County", "id": "11170384" }, { "contents": "Delta Regional Authority\n\n\nLouisiana; Winn Parish, Louisiana Mississippi Adams County, Mississippi; Amite County, Mississippi; Attala County, Mississippi; Benton County, Mississippi; Bolivar County, Mississippi; Carroll County, Mississippi; Claiborne County, Mississippi; Coahoma County, Mississippi; Copiah County, Mississippi; Covington County, Mississippi; DeSoto County, Mississippi; Franklin County, Mississippi; Grenada County, Mississippi; Hinds County, Mississippi; Holmes County, Mississippi; Humphreys County, Mississippi; Issaquena County, Mississippi; Jasper County, Mississippi; Jefferson County,", "id": "11170383" }, { "contents": "South Park National Heritage Area\n\n\nSouth Park National Heritage Area is a U.S. National Heritage Area encompassing the South Park of Colorado. Established on March 30, 2009 by the Omnibus Public Land Management Act of 2009 (§7002), the South Park NHA is managed by the Park County, Colorado Office of Tourism to promote and interpret the area's natural, scenic, and cultural resources. The National Heritage Area designation funds promotion of the area's mining, recreation, and ranching heritage. The National Heritage Area covers the majority of Park County, including the", "id": "8157140" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Civil Rights Museum\n\n\n2017, the Mississippi Department of Archives and History brought in Pam Junior as the new museum Director. Junior came from the Smith Robertson Museum and Cultural Center in Jackson, where she had been manager since 1999. Junior is a member of the board of directors for the Mississippi Delta National Heritage Area and Mississippi Book Festival and a co-founder of the Mississippi Black Theater Festival The museum hired Hilferty & Associates to design exhibits for the museum, which were fabricated by Exhibit Concepts. Monadnock Media designed the audio portions of the exhibits", "id": "6914076" }, { "contents": "Leflore County, Mississippi\n\n\nLeflore County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 32,317. The county seat is Greenwood. The county is named for Choctaw leader Greenwood LeFlore, who signed a treaty to cede his people's land to the United States in exchange for land in Indian Territory. LeFlore stayed in Mississippi, settling on land reserved for him in Tallahatchie County. Leflore County is part of the Greenwood, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region, with", "id": "10611085" }, { "contents": "Tallahatchie County, Mississippi\n\n\nTallahatchie County is a county in the U.S. state of Mississippi. At the 2010 census, the population was 15,378. Its county seats are Charleston and Sumner. Tallahatchie County is located in the Mississippi Delta region, divided by the Tallahatchie River which runs from north to south through the county before joining what becomes the Yazoo River in LeFlore County. The county was founded on December 31, 1833 after most of the Choctaw Nation was forced out under Indian Removal. Tallahatchie is a Choctaw name meaning \"rock of waters\". The", "id": "10555589" }, { "contents": "National Coal Heritage Area\n\n\nThe National Coal Heritage Area (NCHA) is a federally designated region of thirteen counties in West Virginia that were the source of \"smokeless\" bituminous coal through much of the 20th century. The National Heritage Area recognizes the area's cultural and historic qualities and serves to promote tourism, historic preservation and economic development in the region. The idea of the NCHA was first proposed in the early 1990s by Congressman Nick Rahall, and was established on November 12, 1996 by the 1996 Omnibus Parks and Public Lands Management Act. The", "id": "8963174" }, { "contents": "Muscle Shoals National Heritage Area\n\n\nMuscle Shoals National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the northwestern portion of the U.S. state of Alabama. It is centered on the portion of the Tennessee River around Muscle Shoals and interprets the region's history and culture. Muscle Shoals National Heritage Area comprises Lauderdale, Limestone, Colbert, Franklin, Lawrence and Morgan counties. Significant features of the heritage area include Wheeler Dam, Wilson Dam, Ivy Green, Rosenbaum House, Barton Hall and the northern end of the Natchez Trace. Muscle Shoals National Heritage Area was", "id": "16977602" }, { "contents": "Deer Creek (Mississippi)\n\n\nDeer Creek (also Issaquena Creek or Lower Deer Creek) is a creek in the U.S. state of Mississippi. Its source is Lake Bolivar, in Scott, Bolivar County, Mississippi. As Deer Creek flows south through the Mississippi Delta, it passes through the following counties: Bolivar, Washington, Sharkey, Issaquena, and Warren; and through the following communities: Metcalfe, Stoneville, Leland, Burdett, Arcola, Hollandale, Panther Burn, Nitta Yuma, Anguilla, Rolling Fork, Cary, Onward, and Valley Park.", "id": "1520113" }, { "contents": "Money, Mississippi\n\n\nMoney is an unincorporated Mississippi Delta community near Greenwood in Leflore County, Mississippi, United States. It has fewer than 100 residents, down from 400 in the early 1950s when a cotton mill operated there. Money is located on a railroad line along the Tallahatchie River, a tributary of the Yazoo River in the eastern part of the Mississippi Delta. The community has ZIP code 38945 in the Greenwood, Mississippi micropolitan area. Money is the site of the 1955 lynching of 14-year-old Emmett Till by white men, an event", "id": "15040548" }, { "contents": "Sharkey County, Mississippi\n\n\nSharkey County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. Part of the western border is formed by the Yazoo River. According to the 2010 census, the population was 4,916, making it the second-least populous county in Mississippi. Its county seat is Rolling Fork. The county is named after William L. Sharkey, the provisional Governor of Mississippi in 1865. Sharkey County is located in the Mississippi Delta region. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of , of which is land", "id": "10555635" }, { "contents": "Oil Region National Heritage Area\n\n\nOil Region National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the northwestern portion of the U.S. state of Pennsylvania. The national heritage area commemorates and promotes the region surrounding Edwin Drake's oil well of 1859 near Titusville, which gave rise to the modern oil industry. The national heritage area includes all of Venango County and a portion of Crawford County, including Titusville and Oil Creek Township The Oil Region National Heritage Area was established by Public Law 108-447 in 2004. It is administered by the Oil Region Alliance.", "id": "17389123" }, { "contents": "Delta National Forest\n\n\nDelta National Forest is a U.S. National Forest in western Mississippi, located in Sharkey County, and has an area of . Delta is operated as the Sunflower Wildlife Management Area. The forest is headquartered in Jackson, as are all six National Forests in Mississippi, but Delta Ranger District office is located in Rolling Fork. It is one of only six National Forests that are contained entirely within a single county and the only bottomland hardwood forest in the National Forest system. The Green Ash-Overcup Oak-Sweetgum Research Natural Areas within", "id": "3631940" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\ninfluences in the Mississippi River Delta. They continue to shape preferences of food, music, and art, as well as to maintain the unique identities existing in the southernmost parts of the region. Both cultures speak a form of French; but they are considered to be autonomous and distinct dialects. From 1910–1920, New Orleans became the birthplace of jazz and since has continued its legacy of being home to budding musicians and new musical experiences, tying music directly to its unique culture and diverse heritage. The origins of jazz and blues", "id": "16619580" }, { "contents": "Journey Through Hallowed Ground National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Journey Through Hallowed Ground National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in portions of Pennsylvania, West Virginia, Maryland and Virginia, in the eastern United States. The Journey Through Hallowed Ground National Heritage Area was established on May 8, 2008 by Public Law 110-229, the Consolidated Natural Resources Act of 2008.The designation provides a framework for the promotion and interpretation of the area's cultural and historic character, with particular emphasis on the region's role in the American Civil War, and the preservation of the natural", "id": "13516660" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta\n\n\nThe Mississippi Delta, also known as the Yazoo-Mississippi Delta, is the distinctive northwest section of the U.S. state of Mississippi (and portions of Arkansas and Louisiana) which lies between the Mississippi and Yazoo Rivers. The region has been called \"The Most Southern Place on Earth\" (\"Southern\" in the sense of \"characteristic of its region, the American South\"), because of its unique racial, cultural, and economic history. It is long and across at its widest point, encompassing about , or", "id": "15159888" }, { "contents": "Freedom's Way National Heritage Area\n\n\nFreedom's Way National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing portions of northern Massachusetts and southern New Hampshire. The heritage area includes sites significant to the American Revolution, cultural sites associated with Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau, and Native American sites. The heritage area seeks to preserve the region's landscape and historic structures. The National Heritage Area includes Minute Man National Historical Park, portions of Middlesex and Worcester counties in Massachusetts, and portions of Hillsborough County, New Hampshire, an area including a total of", "id": "14966358" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta\n\n\nside of the Mississippi River, another area of high poverty). The 1990s state legalization of casino gambling in Mississippi has boosted the Delta's economy, particularly in the areas of Tunica and Vicksburg. A large cultural influence in the region is its history of hunting and fishing. Hunting in the Delta is primarily for game such as whitetail deer, wild turkey, and waterfowl, along with many small game species (squirrel, rabbit, dove, quail, raccoon, etc.) For many years, the hunting and fishing", "id": "15159912" }, { "contents": "Baltimore National Heritage Area\n\n\nBaltimore National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing portions of Baltimore, Maryland, USA. The designated area includes the central portion of the city, waterfront, inner neighborhoods and portions of the city's park system. The district includes Fort McHenry and the Inner Harbor, as well as portions of the Charles Street, Falls Road, National Historic Seaport and Star Spangled Banner Maryland Scenic Byways. The Baltimore National Heritage Area was established on March 30, 2009 by the Omnibus Public Land Management Act of 2009 (§", "id": "8582841" }, { "contents": "B.B. King Museum\n\n\nThe B.B. King Museum and Delta Interpretive Center is a Delta blues museum with the mission to \"empower, unite and heal through music, art and education and share with the world the rich cultural heritage of the Mississippi Delta.\" The museum, named for blues legend, B.B. King, is located in his hometown of Indianola, Mississippi, in the United States. The B.B. King Museum and Delta Interpretive Center opened in Indianola Mississippi on September 13, 2008. The museum features a restored brick cotton gin building in which B.B.", "id": "17262603" }, { "contents": "Louise, Mississippi\n\n\nLouise is a town in Humphreys County, Mississippi. The population was 199 at the 2010 census, down from 315 at the 2000 census. Louise is located in southern Humphreys County at (32.981549, -90.591624), along Silver Creek in the Mississippi Delta region. Mississippi Highway 149 passes just east of the town, leading north to U.S. Route 49W at Silver City and south via Mississippi Highway 16 to Yazoo City. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town of Louise has a total area of , all land.", "id": "2222822" }, { "contents": "Arkansas Delta\n\n\nblues and gospel traditions. The East Central Delta area has produced a small number of talented and influential R&B artists. Arkansas's blues Influence, shares a rich heritage with Mississippi and Memphis, Tennessee. Arkansas was home to numerous blues masters, who are held in high esteem by newer generations learning blues history. Arkansas blues artists influenced decades of pop culture music by such artists as Muddy Waters, Little Milton, B.B. King, Eric Clapton, Jeff Beck, Joe Bonamassa, Stevie Ray Vaughan, George Harrison and the Rolling Stones", "id": "6558115" }, { "contents": "Cruger, Mississippi\n\n\nCruger is a town in Holmes County, Mississippi, United States. The population was 386 at the 2010 census, down from 449 at the 2000 census. Cruger is in the northwest corner of Holmes County, in the Mississippi Delta region along U.S. Route 49E. Greenwood is north of Cruger via US 49E, and Yazoo City is to the south. According to the United States Census Bureau, Cruger has a total area of , all land. As of the census of 2000, there were 449 people, 161 households, and", "id": "2222747" }, { "contents": "Carroll County, Mississippi\n\n\nCarroll County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 10,597. Its county seats are Carollton and Vaiden. The county is named for Charles Carroll of Carrollton, the last surviving signatory of the U.S. Declaration of Independence. Carroll County is part of the Greenwood, Micropolitan Statistical Area. Bordered by the Yazoo River on the west and the Big Black River to the east, it is considered within the Mississippi Delta region. Most of its land is in the hill country", "id": "10611479" }, { "contents": "Minter City, Mississippi\n\n\nMinter City is an unincorporated community located in Leflore County and in Tallahatchie County, Mississippi. It is part of the Greenwood, Mississippi micropolitan area, and is within the Mississippi Delta. Mississippi Highway 8 intersects U.S. Route 49E southwest of Minter City, and the Tallahatchie River flows to the east. There is a post office located on U.S. Route 49E, with a ZIP code of 38944. Variant names for the original settlement were \"Walnut Place Landing\" and \"Minter City Landing\". Spanish explorer Hernando de Soto may have", "id": "12467995" }, { "contents": "Mississippi Delta AVA\n\n\nThe Mississippi Delta AVA is an American Viticultural Area on the left (east) bank of the Mississippi River, between Memphis, Tennessee, and Vicksburg, Mississippi. It includes portions of the Mississippi Delta and the watershed of the lower Mississippi River in the U.S. states of Louisiana (west bank), Mississippi, and Tennessee. Since the creation of the AVA in 1984, there has been very little viticulture in the Mississippi Delta region. Mississippi State University established an enology laboratory to research grape cultivation in the area, but little", "id": "16585963" }, { "contents": "Greenwood, Mississippi\n\n\nGreenwood is a city in and the county seat of Leflore County, Mississippi, located at the eastern edge of the Mississippi Delta, approximately 96 miles north of the state capital, Jackson, Mississippi, and 130 miles south of the riverport of Memphis, Tennessee. It was a center of cotton planter culture in the 19th century. The population was 16,087 at the 2010 census. It is the principal city of the Greenwood Micropolitan Statistical Area. Greenwood developed at the confluence of the Tallahatchie and the Yalobusha rivers, which form the", "id": "3378194" }, { "contents": "Bolivar County, Mississippi\n\n\nBolivar County ( ) is a county located on the western border of the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 34,145. Its county seats are Rosedale and Cleveland. The county is named in honor of Simón Bolívar, early 19th-century leader of the liberation of several South American colonies from Spain. The Cleveland, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area includes all of Bolivar County. It is located in the Mississippi Delta, or Yazoo Basin, of Mississippi. This area was first developed for cotton plantations", "id": "10611493" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nmusic in the region is closely connected to the Mississippi River and the delta, as the location allowed for an influx of cultural influences, including blues and bluegrass music from upriver, to the African and Latin folk hymns and music from the Caribbean islands. The delta is still synonymous with the sounds of jazz, funk and zydeco and remains to be an important cultural hub for new sounds and music, bringing thousands to the area every year to experience the lifestyle and participate in the natural rhythms of the area. The region is", "id": "16619581" }, { "contents": "Essex National Heritage Commission\n\n\nThe Essex National Heritage Commission (ENHC) is a non-profit organization charted to oversee the Essex National Heritage Area, a National Heritage Area composed of all of Essex County, Massachusetts. The commission promotes the cultural heritage with public and private partnerships and with the National Park Service by developing programs that enhance, preserve and encourage regional awareness of the area's unique historic, cultural and natural resources. The commission is based in Salem. The organization has sponsored a number of events and programs that celebrate the region’s history,", "id": "16440799" }, { "contents": "Blue Ridge National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Blue Ridge National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing the twenty-five westernmost counties of North Carolina, which are associated with the Blue Ridge Mountains. The designation provides a framework for the promotion and interpretation of the area's cultural and historic character, and the preservation of the natural and built environment. The National Heritage Area includes the North Carolina portions of Great Smoky Mountains National Park and the Blue Ridge Parkway. Other attractions include Mount Mitchell in Pisgah National Forest, Nantahala National Forest and the North Carolina", "id": "9719864" }, { "contents": "Poverty Point\n\n\nPoverty Point State Historic Site (; 16 WC 5) is a prehistoric earthwork constructed by the Poverty Point culture. The Poverty Point site is located in present-day northeastern Louisiana though evidence of the Poverty Point culture extends throughout much of the Southeastern United States. The culture extended across the Mississippi Delta and south to the Gulf Coast. The Poverty Point site has been designated as a U.S. National Monument, a U.S. National Historic Landmark, and UNESCO World Heritage Site. Located in the Southern United States, the site is from the", "id": "10100047" }, { "contents": "Geography of Arkansas\n\n\nState Park, Delta Heritage Trail State Park, Felsenthal National Wildlife Refuge, Lake Chicot State Park, Mississippi River State Park, Overflow National Wildlife Refuge and White River National Wildlife Refuge. The flat topography and fertile soils of Southeast Arkansas have been important to the region throughout its history, first to the Native American that inhabited the region. This history is available today at museums like the Pine Bluff/Jefferson County Historical Museum. The area was one of the first explored and settled in Arkansas; including the territorial capital at Arkansas", "id": "17334085" }, { "contents": "Tchula, Mississippi\n\n\nhad vanished, partly due to increased use of machines in agriculture. Many businesses formerly in the town had disappeared. Tchula is in western Holmes County along Tchula Lake, an old river channel in the Mississippi Delta region of the state. U.S. Route 49E passes through the center of town, leading north to Greenwood and southwest to Yazoo. Mississippi Highway 12 leads southeast from Tchula to Lexington, the Holmes County seat. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of , of which , or 2.31", "id": "2222794" }, { "contents": "Freedom's Frontier National Heritage Area\n\n\nFreedom's Frontier National Heritage Area, Inc. (FFNHA) is a federally designated U.S. National Heritage Area located in eastern Kansas and Western Missouri. This heritage area preserves, conserves, and interprets historic and cultural landscapes pertaining to: the shaping of the frontier, the Missouri-Kansas Border War, and the enduring struggle for freedom. FFNHA was authorized on October 12, 2006, with the passage of the National Heritage Areas Act of 2006. The management plan for the heritage area was approved by the Board of Trustees on June", "id": "353294" }, { "contents": "Sunflower County, Mississippi\n\n\nSunflower County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 29,450. Its largest city and county seat is Indianola. Sunflower County comprises the Indianola, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is included in the Cleveland-Indianola, MS Combined Statistical Area. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region. Sunflower Country was created in 1844. The land mass encompassed most of Sunflower and Leflore Counties as we know them today. The first seat of government was Clayton, located near", "id": "10555603" }, { "contents": "Atchafalaya National Heritage Area\n\n\nAtchafalaya National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing parts of fourteen parishes along the Atchafalaya River in the U.S. State of Louisiana. The heritage area extends the length of the Atchafalaya Basin from the area of Ferriday in the north to the river's mouth beyond Morgan City. The National Heritage Area is divided into four regions: Upper, Between 2 Rivers, Bayou Teche Corridor and the Coastal Zone. The designation provides a framework for the promotion and interpretation of the area's cultural and historic character, and the preservation", "id": "9171577" }, { "contents": "Niagara Falls National Heritage Area\n\n\nNiagara Falls National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing the Niagara Falls region of the U.S. State of New York. The heritage area includes the communities of Niagara Falls, Youngstown and Lewiston. The designation provides a framework for the promotion and interpretation of the area's cultural and historic character, and the preservation of the natural and built environment. The heritage area designation recognizes the area's importance to Native Americans, to early European explorers of America, the American Revolution, the War of 1812 and the area's", "id": "9115304" }, { "contents": "Warren County, Mississippi\n\n\nWarren County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 48,773. Its county seat is Vicksburg. Created by legislative act of 22 December 1809, Warren County is named for American Revolutionary War officer Joseph Warren. Part of the Mississippi Delta and the historic cotton culture, Warren County is included in the Vicksburg, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Jackson-Vicksburg-Brookhaven, MS Combined Statistical Area. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the", "id": "10555530" }, { "contents": "Greenwood, Mississippi micropolitan area\n\n\nThe Greenwood Micropolitan Statistical Area is a micropolitan area in the northwestern Delta region of Mississippi that covers two counties - Leflore and Carroll. As of the 2000 census, the μSA had a population of 48,716 (though a July 1, 2009 estimate placed the population at 44,841). As of the census of 2000, there were 48,716 people, 17,027 households, and 11,956 families residing within the μSA. The racial makeup of the μSA was 37.22% White, 60.85% African American, 0.10% Native American, 0.54% Asian", "id": "8919330" }, { "contents": "James Thomas (blues musician)\n\n\n\". In 1985, his work was featured in the prestigious Corcoran Gallery in Washington, D.C., where he was introduced to Nancy Reagan, then the First Lady. Thomas's skulls are on display in the Delta Blues Museum, in Clarksdale, Mississippi, and the Highway 61 Blues Museum, in Leland, Mississippi. Thomas played at numerous blues festivals and private parties throughout the area, including the Mississippi Delta Blues and Heritage Festival in Greenville. In the 1970s, Eddie Cusic performed with Thomas at regular engagements. Together they", "id": "17330513" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nand is an important coastal region for the United States, containing more than of coastal wetlands and 37% of the estuarine marsh in the conterminous U.S. The coastal area is the nation's largest drainage basin and drains about 41% of the contiguous United States into the Gulf of Mexico at an average rate of . The modern Mississippi River Delta formed over the last approximately 4,500 years as the Mississippi River deposited sand, clay and silt along its banks and in adjacent basins. The Mississippi River Delta is a river-dominated delta system", "id": "16619564" }, { "contents": "Arabia Mountain National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Arabia Mountain National Heritage Area is a National Heritage Area in the U.S. state of Georgia that encompasses natural, cultural, and historical elements to form a cohesive, nationally significant environment. The area is due east of Atlanta and spans reaching from the historic commercial center of Lithonia to the Monastery of the Holy Spirit in Conyers, including a number of sites in between, including Panola Mountain State Park, Davidson-Arabia Mountain Nature Preserve, the Mall at Stonecrest, and more. The Heritage Area was established in 2006, and", "id": "352970" }, { "contents": "Sangre de Cristo National Heritage Area\n\n\nSangre de Cristo National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the south central portion of the U.S. state of Colorado. The heritage area includes the San Luis Valley and portions of the Sangre de Cristo Range. The region combines influences of Anglo-American, Hispano-American and Native American influences. It also includes portions of the upper Rio Grande valley. The national heritage area includes Alamosa, Costilla, and Conejos counties, and portions of Saguache and Rio Grande counties. It also includes within its boundaries Great Sand", "id": "17389640" }, { "contents": "Delta State–Mississippi College football rivalry\n\n\nThe Delta State–Mississippi College football rivalry, commonly known as the Heritage Bell Classic, is a college football rivalry game between a public university and a private Christian college in the U.S. state of Mississippi, the Delta State University Statesmen and the Mississippi College Choctaws. The current winner is Delta State, who won, 28–21, on November 10, 2018. Delta State leads the all-time series, 22–15–2. The Delta State Statesmen were co-founding members of the Gulf South Conference in 1970. Mississippi College joined the", "id": "15797675" }, { "contents": "Delta blues\n\n\nDelta blues is one of the earliest-known styles of blues music. It originated in the Mississippi Delta, a region of the U.S. stretching from Memphis, Tennessee, in the north to Vicksburg, Mississippi, in the south and from Helena, Arkansas, in the west to the Yazoo River in the east. The Mississippi Delta is famous for its fertile soil and for its poverty. Delta blues is regarded as a regional variant of country blues. Guitar and harmonica are its dominant instruments; slide guitar is a hallmark of", "id": "7794018" }, { "contents": "Arkansas Delta\n\n\na decline. Charles Bowden of \"National Geographic\" wrote, \"By 1970 the sharecropping world was already disappearing, and the landscape of today—huge fields, giant machines, battered towns, few people—beginning to emerge.\" The Arkansas Delta is known for its rich musical heritage. While defined primarily by its deep blues/gospel roots, it is distinguished somewhat from its Mississippi Delta counterpart by more intricately interwoven country music and R&B elements. Arkansas blues musicians have defined every genre of blues from its inception, including", "id": "6558110" }, { "contents": "Greenwood High School (Mississippi)\n\n\nGreenwood High School is a public high school located in Greenwood, Leflore County, in the U.S. state of Mississippi. The school is part of the Greenwood Public School District. Greenwood, Mississippi, is a town of slightly over 15,000 residents located on the banks of the Yazoo River about south of Memphis, Tennessee, and about north of Jackson, Mississippi. The city and county are named after Greenwood Leflore, the designated leader of the Choctaw nation who ceded Mississippi land under pressure of the 1830 Indian Removal Act to the United", "id": "4541464" }, { "contents": "Upper Housatonic Valley National Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Upper Housatonic Valley National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the U.S. states of Connecticut and Massachusetts. The heritage area interprets and promotes the historical, cultural and scenic features of the upper Housatonic River valley in the western part of both states. The heritage area focuses on five themes: the area's role as a resort for writers, artists, actors and musicians, the scenic landscape, the area's role in industry, the American Revolutionary War, and the social and religious groups associated with the area", "id": "17597179" }, { "contents": "National Heritage Area\n\n\nA National Heritage Area is a site designated by United States and intended to encourage historic preservation of the area and an appreciation of the history and heritage of the site. There are currently 55 National Heritage Areas, some of which use variations of the title, such as National Heritage Corridor. National Heritage Areas (NHAs) are not National Park Service units or federally owned or managed land. NHAs are administered by state governments or non-profit organizations or other private corporations, referred to as \"local coordinating entities\". The", "id": "2301876" }, { "contents": "Lackawanna Heritage Valley National and State Heritage Area\n\n\nThe Lackawanna Heritage Valley National and State Heritage Area is a state and federally designated National Heritage Area in northeastern Pennsylvania. It was initially established in 1991 as the first State Heritage Park in Pennsylvania, and was additionally designated a National Heritage Area in 2000. The designations recognize the area's heritage of industry, architecture, history and natural resources, and provide a framework for development and promotion of these features. The Lackawanna Heritage Valley National and State Heritage Area is managed by the Lackawanna Heritage Valley Authority, or LHVA. The National", "id": "16220344" }, { "contents": "Kenai Mountains – Turnagain Arm National Heritage Area\n\n\nKenai Mountains – Turnagain Arm National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in the U.S. state of Alaska. The heritage area extends across the northern part of the Kenai Peninsula, immediately to the north and east of Kenai Fjords National Park. The designation recognizes the area's unique cultural, scenic and historical features and provides a unified organization for promotion of the area's attractions. The Kenai Mountains – Turnagain Arm National Heritage Area (KMTA) includes the road corridor between Seward and Hope and Whittier, from Resurrection Bay in", "id": "16167272" }, { "contents": "Mayersville, Mississippi\n\n\nMayersville is a town on the east bank of the Mississippi River, and the county seat for Issaquena County, Mississippi, United States. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region, known for cotton cultivation in the antebellum era. Once the trading center for the county, the town was superseded when railroads were built into the area. The population of the majority-black town was 547 at the 2010 census, down from 795 at the 2000 census. Native Americans had lived in this area since prehistoric times. The Mayersville", "id": "2222833" }, { "contents": "Crenshaw, Mississippi\n\n\nCrenshaw is a town in Panola and Quitman counties in the U.S. state of Mississippi. The population was 916 at the 2000 census. Crenshaw is located at (34.502661, -90.195841). Most of the town is in Panola County with a small portion on the west side in Quitman County. In the 2000 census, 697 of the town's 916 residents (76.1%) lived in Panola County and 219 (23.9%) in Quitman County. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of", "id": "17931693" }, { "contents": "Panola County, Mississippi\n\n\nPanola County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 34,707. Its county seats are Sardis and Batesville. Panola is the anglicization of \"ponolo\", a word meaning thread in both old Choctaw and Chickasaw and cotton in modern Choctaw. The county is located just east of the Mississippi Delta and bisected by the Tallahatchie River flowing to the southwest, separating the two county seats. Panola County was established February 9, 1836, and is one of the twelve large", "id": "10555705" }, { "contents": "MotorCities National Heritage Area\n\n\nMotorCities National Heritage Area or Motor Cities National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area that commemorates and promotes the automobile industry in Metro Detroit, with portions of 16 counties in southern Michigan, United States. The scope of the heritage area includes sites and events relating to the motor industry as well as the industry's impact on labor, society and the environment. The heritage area comprises more than 1200 automotive-related sites, including the Henry Ford Museum, Fair Lane, various Ford plants, the Automotive Hall of Fame", "id": "16976479" }, { "contents": "Great Basin National Heritage Area\n\n\nGreat Basin National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in Nevada and Utah, including White Pine County, Nevada and Millard County, Utah. The area was designated to recognize and promote the scenic and cultural resources associated with this central portion of the Great Basin. The National Heritage Area includes Great Basin National Park and portions of Humboldt-Toiyabe and Fishlake National Forests, as well as Fort Deseret, Sevier Lake and the Topaz War Relocation Center. Great Basin National Heritage Area was designated on October 13, 2006.", "id": "15909144" }, { "contents": "Crowder, Mississippi\n\n\nCrowder is a town in Panola and Quitman counties in the state of Mississippi. The population was 766 at the 2000 census. Most of Crowder is in Quitman County with a portion on the east in adjacent Panola County. In the 2000 census, 462 of the town's 766 residents (60.3%) lived in Quitman County and 304 (39.7%) in Panola County. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 0.4 square miles (1.2 km², all land. As of the", "id": "17931698" }, { "contents": "Rivers of Steel National Heritage Area\n\n\nRivers of Steel National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area in southwestern Pennsylvania, centered on Pittsburgh and oriented around the interpretation and promotion of the region's steel-making heritage. The area roughly covers the valleys of the Ohio, Monongahela and lower Allegheny rivers. Major interpretive locations include the Carrie Furnace, Pinkerton's Landing Bridge and other features of the Homestead Steel Works. The national heritage area comprises Allegheny, Armstrong, Beaver, Butler, Greene, Fayette, Washington and Westmoreland counties. Rivers of Steel National Heritage", "id": "17389345" }, { "contents": "Crowley's Ridge Parkway\n\n\nroute which allowed the traveler to experience the Southern heritage of the area. The National Scenic Byway designation came the following year, with an extension into Missouri in 2000. The majority of the route is in Arkansas, and the parkway begins in Phillips County, Arkansas, in Helena-West Helena very near the Helena Bridge over the Mississippi River. Beginning at US Route 49 (US 49) and running north with US 49 Business (US 49B), the route passes historic properties including the Delta Cultural Center, the Jerome", "id": "1149985" }, { "contents": "Issaquena County, Mississippi\n\n\nIssaquena County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 1,406, making it the least populous county in the United States east of the Mississippi River. Its county seat is Mayersville. With a per-capita income of $18,598, Issaquena County is the poorest county in the United States. Issaquena County is located in the Mississippi Delta region. The Mississippi River flows along the entire western boundary of the county, and many of the earliest communities were river ports.", "id": "10611264" }, { "contents": "Delta Regional Authority\n\n\n, Mississippi; Tunica County, Mississippi; Union County, Mississippi; Walthall County, Mississippi; Warren County, Mississippi; Washington County, Mississippi; Wilkinson County, Mississippi; Yalobusha County, Mississippi; Yazoo County, Mississippi Missouri Bollinger County, Missouri; Butler County, Missouri; Cape Girardeau County, Missouri; Carter County, Missouri; Crawford County, Missouri; Dent County, Missouri; Douglas County, Missouri; Dunklin County, Missouri; Howell County, Missouri; Iron County, Missouri; Madison County, Missouri; Mississippi", "id": "11170385" }, { "contents": "Tunica County, Mississippi\n\n\nTunica County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 10,778. Its county seat is Tunica. The county is named for the Tunica Native Americans. Most migrated to central Louisiana during the colonial period. Tunica County is part of the Memphis, TN-MS-AR Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region. Since the late 20th century, it is known for Tunica Resorts (formerly Robinsonville), an unincorporated community that is the site", "id": "10555567" }, { "contents": "Emmett Till\n\n\nin the Mississippi Delta are memorialized as associated with Till. Emmett Till was born in 1941 in Chicago; he was the son of Mamie Carthan (1921–2003) and Louis Till (1922–1945). Emmett's mother Mamie was born in the small Delta town of Webb, Mississippi. The Delta region encompasses the large, multi-county area of northwestern Mississippi in the watershed of the Yazoo and Mississippi rivers. When Carthan was two years old, her family moved to Argo, Illinois, as part of the Great Migration of rural", "id": "2570054" }, { "contents": "History of New Orleans\n\n\nUnion during the Civil War. With its rich and unique cultural and architectural heritage, it remains a major destination for tourism, conventions, and major sports events, even after the major destruction and loss of life resulting from Hurricane Katrina in 2005. The land mass that was to become the city of New Orleans was formed around 2200 BC when the Mississippi River deposited silt creating the delta region. Before Europeans founded the settlement, the area was inhabited by Native Americans for about 1300 years. The Mississippian culture peoples built mounds and", "id": "3084005" }, { "contents": "B.B. King Museum\n\n\nKing worked in the 1940s. The museum also contains an extensive collection of artifacts owned by King and displays exhibits about his life and the lives of other musicians of the delta region and the culture where the blues arose. The museum commemorates the famous blues artist, B.B King, who was from the Mississippi Delta. The museum has multiple exhibits highlighting King's Delta Blue music. Exhibits include interactive exhibits, King memorabilia, and stories. The museum seeks to help preserve Delta Blues and its culture by promoting its importance. In", "id": "17262604" }, { "contents": "Missouri Bootheel\n\n\nwrites: Given the population in the area, even a moderately sized earthquake would be disastrous. The Bootheel (pronounced Boothill in the region) is on the edge of the Mississippi Delta culture that produced the Delta blues. Its relatively large black population makes it distinct from the rest of rural Missouri. The area has a unique rural black culture reflected in its music, churches and other traditions. The black population ranges from about 26% in Pemiscot County, to 15% in New Madrid County, and about 9% in", "id": "12618286" }, { "contents": "Moorhead, Mississippi\n\n\nMoorhead is a city in Sunflower County, Mississippi. As of the 2000 census, the city population was 2,573. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of , of which is land and 0.77% is water. Moorhead is along U.S. Route 82, east of Indianola. Moorhead is located at the intersection of the Southern and Yazoo Delta railroads. This is the origin of the legendary blues crossroads phrase \"where the Southern cross the Dog\". As of the 2010 United States Census,", "id": "2223816" }, { "contents": "Blanche Bruce\n\n\nsteamboat porter on the Mississippi River. In 1864, he moved to Hannibal, Missouri, where he established a school for black children. In 1868, during Reconstruction, Bruce relocated to Bolivar near Cleveland in northwestern Mississippi, at which he purchased a Mississippi Delta plantation. He became a wealthy landowner of several thousand acres in the Mississippi Delta. He was appointed to the positions of Tallahatchie County registrar of voters and tax assessor before he won an election for sheriff in Bolivar County. He later was elected to other county positions,", "id": "13640962" }, { "contents": "Delta, Mississippi\n\n\nDelta is a ghost town in Coahoma County, Mississippi, United States. Once a thriving port on the Mississippi River, Delta today is covered by farmland and a portion of the Mississippi Levee. Nothing remains of the original settlement. The county seat was moved from Port Royal to Delta in 1842. In 1844, Delta was surveyed and laid off into lots. The town had a population of about 700, and was a busy steamboat port. Delta incorporated in 1848. That same year, the river flooded the town,", "id": "8584565" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nbenefits that are unique to the region. These vital resources are at constant risk of being lost with the continual land loss and the decreasing size of the natural coastal area. The Mississippi River Delta has a strong economy which relies heavily on tourism and recreational activities such as fishing, hunting and wildlife watching as well as commercial fishing, oil, gas, and shipping industries. There are a number of major industries in the Mississippi River Delta that drive the local and national economy, including: In total, the five Gulf Coast", "id": "16619584" }, { "contents": "Holmes County, Mississippi\n\n\nHolmes County is a county in the U.S. state of Mississippi; its western border is formed by the Yazoo River and the eastern border by the Big Black River. The western part of the county is within the Yazoo-Mississippi Delta. As of the 2010 census, the population was 19,198. Its county seat is Lexington. The county is named in honor of David Holmes, territorial governor and the first governor of the state of Mississippi and later United States Senator for Mississippi. A favorite son, Edmond Favor Noel, was", "id": "10611282" }, { "contents": "Greenville, Mississippi\n\n\nGreenville is a city in, and the county seat of, Washington County, Mississippi, United States. The population was 34,400 at the 2010 census. It is located in the area of historic cotton plantations and culture known as the Mississippi Delta. This area was occupied by indigenous peoples for thousands of years. When the French explored here, they encountered the historic Natchez people. As part of their colony known as \"La Louisiane\", the French established a settlement at what became Natchez, Mississippi. Other Native American tribes", "id": "2224007" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nartery. In addition to shipping, local and commercial fisheries continued to expand. The discovery of vast oil and gas deposits brought further economic and environmental changes to the delta. Despite these profound changes, the delta today remains very much rooted in the vibrant cultural and social traditions of its residents. The Mississippi River Delta is home to more than two million people. The location of the delta at the mouth of the Mississippi River allowed for the area to be a cultural gateway into the United States, and influenced the mix of", "id": "16619576" }, { "contents": "Essex Heritage\n\n\nEssex Heritage is a non-profit organization charted to promote the cultural heritage of Essex County in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. Working with both public and private partnerships and with the National Park Service, the group supports and develops programs that enhance, preserve and encourage regional awareness of the area’s unique historic, cultural and natural resources. Headquartered in Salem, Massachusetts, the Commission services the 34 communities of Essex County. It has been recognized by the United States Congress in recognition of the important role that this region played in American", "id": "16609234" }, { "contents": "Washington County, Mississippi\n\n\nWashington County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 51,137. Its county seat is Greenville. The county is named in honor of the first President of the United States, George Washington. The Greenville, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area includes all of Washington County. It is located in the Mississippi Delta. Located in the Mississippi Delta, Washington County was first developed for cotton cultivation in the antebellum years. Most plantations were developed to have access to the rivers, which", "id": "10555522" }, { "contents": "Mississippi\n\n\nIsland. The northwest remainder of the state consists of the Mississippi Delta, a section of the Mississippi Alluvial Plain. The plain is narrow in the south and widens north of Vicksburg. The region has rich soil, partly made up of silt which had been regularly deposited by the flood waters of the Mississippi River. Areas under the management of the National Park Service include: Mississippi City Population Rankings of at least 50,000 (United States Census Bureau as of 2017): Mississippi City Population Rankings of at least 20,000 but fewer than", "id": "21293458" }, { "contents": "Belzoni, Mississippi\n\n\nBelzoni ( ) is a city in Humphreys County, Mississippi, in the Mississippi Delta region, on the Yazoo River. The population was 2,235 at the 2010 census. It is the county seat of Humphreys County. It was named for the 19th-century Italian archaeologist/explorer Giovanni Battista Belzoni. The area was named Farm-Raised Catfish Capital of the World in 1976 by then Governor Cliff Finch, since it produces more farm-raised catfish than any other U.S. county. About of the county are under water in ponds", "id": "2222804" }, { "contents": "2011 Mississippi River floods\n\n\nfrom Vicksburg was cut off for more than two weeks. U.S. Highway 61 between Vicksburg and Port Gibson was closed by backwater flooding along the Big Black River on May 12; it reopened June 1. Another portion of U.S. Highway 61 near Redwood was closed by backwater flooding along the Yazoo River on May 13 and was closed until June 3. In anticipation of major flooding, the U.S. federal government declared 14 counties along the Mississippi River, the Thames River: Adams, Bolivar, Claiborne, Coahoma, DeSoto, Humphreys, Issaquena", "id": "8214155" }, { "contents": "Memphis, Tennessee\n\n\nother places in the world could offer cheaper labor, and the workforce was undereducated for today's challenges. The Memphis Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA), the 42nd largest in the United States, has a 2010 population of 1,316,100 and includes the Tennessee counties of Shelby, Tipton and Fayette; as well as the northern Mississippi counties of DeSoto, Marshall, Tate, and Tunica; and Crittenden County, Arkansas, all part of the Mississippi Delta. The total metropolitan area has a higher proportion of whites and a higher per capita", "id": "4225772" }, { "contents": "Northern Plains National Heritage Area\n\n\nNorthern Plains National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area along an length of the Missouri River in central North Dakota. The heritage area promotes and interprets the scenic, cultural and historic heritage of the region. It extends from Knife River Indian Villages National Historic Site to Huff Indian Village State Historic Site The area interprets the history of the Three Affiliated Tribes, the passage of the Lewis and Clark Expedition, the fur trade, steamboats on the Missouri and Fort Abraham Lincoln. It also interprets the area's association with the", "id": "17044952" }, { "contents": "Tornado outbreak of April 22–25, 2010\n\n\ncrossed the Mississippi River shortly thereafter, and damaged or destroyed numerous homes on the north side of Eagle Lake. The tornado then moved across the Delta National Forest in Issaquena and Sharkey Counties, causing major tree damage. The tornado again caused significant home damage northwest of Satartia, and again as it crossed Highway 3 near the Crupp community. The tornado then moved through rural areas southwest of Yazoo City, causing major damage or total destruction of a number of homes, as well as intense tree damage. As the tornado approached the", "id": "5566995" }, { "contents": "Segregation academy\n\n\npercent of Virginia's non-Hispanic white students attended these isolated schools., In Mississippi, many of the segregation academies were first established in the black-majority Mississippi Delta region in northwestern Mississippi. The Delta has historically had a very large majority-black population, related to the history of the use of slave labor on cotton plantations. The potential for integration resulted in white parents' establishing segregation academies in every county in the Delta. Many academies are still operating, from Indianola, Mississippi to Humphreys County. These schools", "id": "16560206" }, { "contents": "Mississippi River Delta\n\n\nnationalities which settled in the area over time, forming the diversity of the region. Louisiana's first 18th century colonists were French, but they were soon joined by Spanish and Acadian settlers. The region has been home to other European-immigrant ethnic groups, beginning in the 19th century, including German, Sicilian, and Irish. There are also the Africans, West Indians, and Native Americans in the mix. The combination of these groups over time has created the special culture found in the Mississippi River Delta. Two unique", "id": "16619577" }, { "contents": "Champlain Valley National Heritage Area\n\n\nClinton, Essex, Warren, Saratoga and Washington counties in New York, and Bennington, Rutland, Addison, Chittenden, Franklin and Grand Isle counties in Vermont. Attractions located within the National Heritage Area include Fort Ticonderoga, the Lake Champlain Maritime Museum, Saratoga National Historical Park, portions of Adirondack Park and Green Mountain National Forest, Missisquoi National Wildlife Refuge and the Lake Champlain Underwater Historic Preserves. The Champlain Valley National Heritage Area was established by the Champlain Valley National Heritage Act of 2005. It is administered by the Champlain Valley", "id": "9913189" }, { "contents": "Atchafalaya National Heritage Area\n\n\nof the natural and built environment. The heritage area designation recognizes the area's unique environment and culture, and its contributions to music, English and French language, literature, and cuisine. Major locales included in the Heritage Area include Avery Island, New Iberia, Morgan City, Lafayette, Opelousas, Baton Rouge, Plaquemine and Houma. Jean Lafitte National Historical Park, Longfellow-Evangeline State Historic Site and Plaquemine Lock State Historic Site are included in the heritage area, as well as the Louisiana State Museum branches in Baton Rouge", "id": "9171578" }, { "contents": "Bryant Clark\n\n\nBryant W. Clark (born October 31, 1974) is an American politician from the state of Mississippi. A member of the Democratic Party, Clark is a member of the Mississippi House of Representatives, and represents the 47th district. He has served in the Mississippi House since 2004. The district includes parts of Attala, Holmes and Yazoo counties, which is located in central Mississippi. The district comprises both the Hills and Mississippi Delta regions of the state. Clark is a lifelong resident of Ebenezer, located in southern Holmes County", "id": "18412525" }, { "contents": "Louisiana African American Heritage Trail\n\n\nLouisiana African American Heritage Trail () is a cultural heritage trail with 26 sites designated in 2008 by the state of Louisiana, from New Orleans along the Mississippi River to Baton Rouge and Shreveport, with sites in small towns and plantations also included. In New Orleans several sites are within a walking area. Auto travel is required to reach sites outside the city. A variety of African-American museums devoted to art, history and culture are on the \"trail\", as is the Cane River Creole National Historical Park,", "id": "6088712" }, { "contents": "Delta Blues Museum\n\n\nThe Delta Blues Museum in Clarksdale, Mississippi, United States exists to collect, preserve, and provide public access to and awareness of the blues. Along with holdings of significant blues-related memorabilia, the museum also exhibits and collects art portraying the blues tradition, including works by sculptor Floyd Shaman and photographer Birney Imes. The museum is located in the Yazoo and Mississippi Valley Passenger Depot, also known as Illinois Central Passenger Depot or Clarksdale Passenger Depot, which was built in 1926 and listed on the National Register of Historic Places", "id": "19201111" }, { "contents": "Clarksdale, Mississippi\n\n\nClarksdale is a city in Coahoma County, Mississippi, United States, and seat of the county. The western boundary of the county is formed by the Mississippi River. Located in the Mississippi Delta region, Clarksdale is an agricultural and trading center. It has been home to many blues musicians. Clarksdale is named after John Clark, who founded the city in the mid-19th century. Choctaw and Chickasaw Indians occupied the Delta region prior to the arrival of European settlers. Clarksdale was developed at the former intersection of two Indian routes:", "id": "2119137" }, { "contents": "Education segregation in the Mississippi Delta\n\n\nThe Mississippi Delta region has had the most segregated schools -- and for the longest time—of any part of the United States. As recently as the 2016–2017 school year, East Side High School in Cleveland, Mississippi, was practically all black: 359 of 360 students were African-American. The Delta region of Mississippi is nineteen counties in the northwest of the state, bounded on the west by the Mississippi River and the south by the Yazoo River. It is a poor region of the country's poorest state. In", "id": "13439199" } ]

[ { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nchurch congregation reached its peak size in the 1950, when only 25% of the parishioners were of German descent. The first Spanish Mass was said in 1971 for the growing number of Hispanic parishioners. The congregation now is mostly Latin American. The church now offers Masses in both English and Spanish. An annual Good Friday Procession begins or ends at St. Michael's. St Michael's and La Sagrada Familia church alternate every year to begin or end at one of the two churches. There is a stop at St Patrick's", "id": "19125747" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nwhile the new building was under construction. The current church, which had its cornerstone laid in 1889, was completed five years ahead of schedule in 1892. The church building is considered a good example of High Victorian Gothic architecture with its two towers of unequal height, the taller of which rises , and three archways. An architecturally notable school adjacent to the church began construction in 1906 and was completed in 1907. For many years the church was one of the most costly and artistically notable churches in the Cleveland Diocese. The", "id": "19125746" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Michael the Archangel is a Roman Catholic church located at 3114 Scranton Road in the Clark-Fulton neighborhood on the west side of Cleveland, Ohio. The church is named in honor of St. Michael the Archangel and was completed in 1892. The congregation was founded in 1881 as a mission of Ohio City, Cleveland's St. Mary's on-the-Flats to serve a growing German immigrant population on Cleveland's west side. The original church and school building were constructed in 1883 but burned on June 29, 1891,", "id": "19125745" }, { "contents": "St. John's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n's. Trinity Cathedral is now the seat of the Episcopal Diocese of Ohio. St. John's was also the mother church to several of the west side parishes. In 1837, the Ohio City Directory described the church as follows, \"The Episcopal Church, which is not yet finished, is built of hammered stone, and has a lofty steeple. Its style of architecture is Gothic, resembling that of the ancient and venerable Cathedral. This building, when finished, will be one of the best of the kind in the", "id": "18742416" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cincinnati, Ohio)\n\n\n1847. The cornerstone was laid August 1, 1847 and the church dedicated June 4, 1848. Rev. Fr. Zoppoth was selected as the first pastor for the congregation. In 1868 St. Michael Church became the mother parish to St. Lawrence Church which was organized that same year. The Comboni Missionaries took charge of the parish in 1964. By this time many of the German-speaking families in the parish had begun to move to other parts of the city. In a mass celebrated by Daniel Edward Pilarczyk the church building was", "id": "11338583" }, { "contents": "St. Columba Cathedral (Youngstown, Ohio)\n\n\nThe first Mass celebrated in Youngstown occurred in 1826. St. Columba Parish was founded in 1847, the year that Pope Pius IX established the Diocese of Cleveland, of which Youngstown was a part. The first church was completed in 1850. As the parish grew, it required a larger church, which it completed in 1868. The first parish school building was opened three years later. The parish continued to grow and constructed yet another church which opened in 1897. Bishop Ignatius Horstmann consecrated the sanctuary in 1903. The parish added", "id": "13619245" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Stephen Church is a Roman Catholic church located in the Detroit-Shoreway neighborhood on the west side of Cleveland, Ohio. The gothic style building was designed by architects Cudell & Richardson. The current church was built in 1875 and was added into the National Register of Historic Places in 1977. St. Stephen Roman Catholic Church was founded in 1869 due to a need for a second German parish on the west side of Cleveland. The first German parish, St. Mary's, increased so much that Cleveland was in need of a", "id": "19215917" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cincinnati, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Michael the Archangel Church is a Roman Catholic church located at 2110 St. Michael Street, in Cincinnati, Ohio. The cornerstone of this church was laid in 1847 and the church dedicated a year later. The church closed April 5, 1998. As the tide of German immigrants continued to rise in Cincinnati, more churches were needed. Holy Trinity Church was the first German speaking parish. As the city grew in three directions; north, east and west; there were three parishes which descended from that parish Old St. Mary", "id": "11338581" }, { "contents": "St. John's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. John's Episcopal Church is located at 2600 Church Avenue in the Ohio City neighborhood of Cleveland, Ohio. St. John's is the oldest consecrated building in Cuyahoga county. This stone gothic revival church building was designed by Hezekiah Eldredge and built beginning in 1836 and was completed 1838. Eldridge was probably familiar with John Henry Hopkins' \"An Essay on Gothic Architecture\", the first book on Gothic ecclesiastical architecture to be published in the United States. St. John's is a good representative of a small group of American churches", "id": "18742414" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland Heights, Ohio)\n\n\nFairmount Blvd, it is a contributing property in the Fairmount Boulevard District, which is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. St. Paul's was first established in the city of Cleveland, Ohio on October 26, 1846. The congregation did not have its own building until 1851, as a frame building completed in 1849 burned completely. A small brick church in the Gothic Revival style was completed for the parish at Euclid and Sheriff (East 4th) Streets by 1858. St. Paul's congregation outgrew the church, however", "id": "18644038" }, { "contents": "Irvington, Baltimore\n\n\nPassion\", marking the beginning of St. Joseph's Monastery Parish. Construction of a new, larger church began in 1881 and was completed in 1883. Its cornerstone was placed by Cardinal James Gibbons. The original monastery, beside the church, burned down in 1883. A new monastery was completed in 1886. The monastery chapel is extant and contains an 1887 Niemann pipe organ. The congregation of St. Joseph's Monastery Parish outgrew their church building in the following century. In 1931, Archbishop Michael Joseph Curley placed the cornerstone for", "id": "5906170" }, { "contents": "St. Theodosius Russian Orthodox Cathedral\n\n\nSt. Theodosius Cathedral is an Orthodox church located on Starkweather Avenue in the Tremont neighborhood, on the near west side of Cleveland, Ohio. It is considered one of the best examples of Russian church architecture in the U.S. and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The parish is the first Orthodox parish in Cleveland and is currently under the jurisdiction of the Diocese of the Midwest of the Orthodox Church in America. St. Theodosius is perhaps best known for its appearance in the 1978 film, \"The Deer Hunter\" with", "id": "13141384" }, { "contents": "St. Casimir Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nBoth the church building and the school building are GNIS named features. The church building is listed as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. To provide properly for the large and steadily increasing number of Poles in the north-eastern part of Cleveland it was necessary to organize them into the third Polish congregation within the limits of the city. They lived too far away from St. Stanislaus Church, with which they had been affiliated, for them to conveniently either attend Mass or for their children to attend the parish school. They therefore petitioned Bishop", "id": "12488230" }, { "contents": "St. Henry's Catholic Church (Harriettsville, Ohio)\n\n\nChurch in Fulda in order to hear Mass. Virtually all of the members in the early decades were Germans or of German descent. A parish school was formed in the late 1870s, and in its first twenty years, the parish grew fourfold in membership. This growth caused the original church building to be too small: land for a new building was purchased in 1879, and construction finished in 1894. St. Henry's Church is a stone building in the Gothic Revival style; the most prominent component is a multi-story tower", "id": "19205430" }, { "contents": "St. Michael's Church, Old Town, Chicago\n\n\nSt. Michael's Church in the Old Town neighborhood of Chicago is a Roman Catholic church staffed by the Redemptorist order of priests. The parish was founded to minister to German Catholic immigrants in 1852 with its first wooden church completed that year at a cost of $750 (including the bell). The building stands at the intersection of Eugenie Street and Cleveland Avenue. The church was built as a haven for German immigrants who were outcasts in Old Chicago. In addition, the town's main church, St. Joseph's Church,", "id": "10838314" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cincinnati, Ohio)\n\n\n's Church, St. Philomena's Church and St. Joseph's Church. The three parishes were founded in 1840, 1846 and 1846 respectively. As more immigration followed, St. Michael's was founded, the first filial parish of St. Joseph. The parish was located to what was then called Storrs Township. Forty-five persons organized themselves into a congregation in the early part of 1847 and drew up a constitution for the church A lot was donated by Innocent Troenle and two additional adjacent pieces of property were bought in April and May", "id": "11338582" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Michael and St. Anthony\n\n\ntoday to mostly Poles and Italians. The church has also been noted for its Byzantine Revival architecture, complete with a dome and minaret-styled tower, making it \"one of the more unique examples of church architecture in Montréal.\" Construction on the Church of St. Michael the Archangel began in 1914, for what would grow to become the largest anglophone parish in Montreal. After a brief delay following the commencement of World War I, the church was completed in 1915 at a cost of $232,000, with a capacity of", "id": "10850773" }, { "contents": "Zion Lutheran Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nother Cleveland-area Lutheran congregations, including Trinity Lutheran Church, are Zion's daughters. The original church building was located downtown, but the east-side German community was strong enough by 1902 that the congregation deemed Prospect Avenue a better location for serving the community. From its earliest years, the congregation had sponsored a school; Zion Lutheran School was founded in 1848, at which time all scholars were instructed in German. The school moved to Prospect Avenue ahead of the church; the present building was completed in 1903,", "id": "19215937" }, { "contents": "St. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\non their behalf with papal authorities, and Charles Boehm of Hungary settled in Cleveland in late 1892 to serve the new St. Elizabeth parish, the first Hungarian nationality parish in America. Boehm immediately began registering members and advocating for the construction of a church complex; the first church building, a brick structure, was erected by the end of 1893, a school soon followed, and a larger school was completed in 1900 because of expanded enrollment. He also began a Hungarian-language parish newspaper that soon gained subscribers in other parts", "id": "19215854" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church, Madison\n\n\ndying Catholics (he was a doctor as well). Costigan is believed to have been the Catholic architect of the church. Costigan was only recorded as being a member of the parish during the construction, but details of the church building mirror his other buildings in Madison. In December 1839 St. Michael the Archangel Catholic Church was completed. As the City of Madison grew, so did its Catholic population. German–Catholics had increased highly in numbers and had formed a separate congregation within St. Michael's. In 1850, the", "id": "2385658" }, { "contents": "Pilgrim Congregational Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nonly a short time, as construction on the present building was started just 23 years after the first building was finished. The name \"Pilgrim Congregational Church\" was adopted in 1894 upon the completion of the present building; they had been styled \"Heights Congregational Church\" into the 1870s and used the name \"Jennings Avenue Congregational Church\" in the 1880s. The building was a community landmark from its earliest years — electric wiring was included in the original construction at a time when no other Cleveland buildings west of the Cuyahoga River", "id": "19215839" }, { "contents": "St. Monica Church (Manhattan)\n\n\nin 1880 he began conducting Mass over a feed store at 404 East 78th Street. The following year, he purchased land for the construction of the church and school. Construction of the first church building was completed in 1883. In 1892, the address was listed as 409 E 79th Street. The Rev. John J. Boyle served as acting rector at St. Monica's before becoming the founding pastor of St. Luke's Church (Bronx, New York). The current Gothic Revival church building was erected in 1906 to the designs of", "id": "18565781" }, { "contents": "Annunciation Church (historic) (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nAnnunciation Church (historic) (), was a Catholic parish church in Cleveland, Ohio and part of the Diocese of Cleveland. It was located at the intersection of Hurd St. and Moore St., now part of the West Side Market parking lot, in the Ohio City neighborhood. The location where the church once stood can be found, in an 1881 atlas, at the south-west corner of Hurd St. and Moore St., on the west bank of the Cuyahoga river above part of the Flats historically known as Ox", "id": "14549709" }, { "contents": "Sacred Heart of Jesus Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n. Between 1885 and 1889 a large number of Poles settled in South Cleveland, in the area of East 71st St. and Harvard Ave. They lived too far away from St. Stanislaus church for them to conveniently either attend Mass or for their children to attend the parish school. They petitioned Bishop Richard Gilmour for permission to form a new parish and build a church for their own use. The petition to form a new parish and build a church was granted, and the parish was founded in  — about 42 years after the Diocese", "id": "12287909" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland Heights, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Paul's Episcopal Church is a parish of the Episcopal Church in Cleveland Heights, Ohio. The current rector is the Rev. Jeanne Leinbach, installed on October 23, 2015. She is the first female rector of St. Paul's. Her predecessor was the Rev. Alan M. Gates, who served from 2004-2014, before his election as Bishop of Massachusetts. St. Paul's is a leading church and has the largest congregation in the Episcopal Diocese of Ohio. The church building is a Cleveland Heights landmark. Located at 2747", "id": "18644037" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nRev. Richard Gilmour. Volunteer German and Hungarian woodworkers completed the interior of the church. Over the next 40 years, the parish added a rectory, convent for the Sisters of Notre Dame and two school buildings including one for and an all girls two-year high school which opened in 1905. After World War II, St. Stephen's parish experienced unprecedented growth due to the population growth in Cleveland and throughout the country. On June 8, 1953 a tornado severely damaged the church structure. Work to restore the building began immediately", "id": "19215920" }, { "contents": "Cathedral of St. John the Evangelist (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nstyle and the Bishop laid the cornerstone October 22, 1848. Until the new building was completed in 1852, St. Mary's served as cathedral for the diocese. At the time of its completion, the new cathedral was the well beyond Cleveland's Public Square. Alterations and additions began on the church almost as soon as the initial construction was complete. In 1857, a boys' school was added and within ten years, it was joined by a parish hall and girls' school. In 1879, the parish raised sufficient", "id": "10656550" }, { "contents": "St. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nthe present building. Although the cornerstone was laid in 1918, the construction process was lengthy, and it was finally completed only in 1922. Built primarily of limestone, according to a design of Cleveland architect Emile Uhlrich, the church is an example of Italian-influenced Baroque Revival architecture, partly modelled after the church of Sant'Agnese in Agone in Rome. Two great towers, topped with cupolas, form the ends of the facade, while a great rose window sits in the middle section of the facade high above the main entrance", "id": "19215857" }, { "contents": "St. Nicholas' Catholic Church (Osgood, Ohio)\n\n\nnearby villages; St. Augustine's Church in Minster and St. Michael's Church in Fort Loramie were established by 1850, but the foundations of a parish in Osgood were not laid until 1904, and formal establishment of the parish came in 1906. In its earliest years, the Mass was celebrated in common buildings; after worshipping for a time in a school, the parishioners purchased a barn for ecclesiastical purposes. For many years, the improvement of the parish's facilities was hindered by its size; the fewness of its members meant", "id": "421917" }, { "contents": "Union–Miles Park\n\n\na congregation for African Americans, was founded 1914, and erected its first church building and school in 1916 at what is now Union Avenue and Martin Luther King Drive. The congregation that formed Archangel Michael Orthodox Church ( St. Michael's Orthodox Church) split from St. John the Baptist Orthodox Church in 1921. It began construction of its new church home at 10000 Union Avenue in April 1924, completing the structure in 1926. Although the long-standing Cataract House closed in 1917, the first Union–Miles Park movie theater,", "id": "20793486" }, { "contents": "St. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church is a historic Roman Catholic church in the Buckeye Road neighborhood on the east side of Cleveland, Ohio, United States. The earliest ethnic parish established for Hungarians in the United States, its present building was constructed in the early twentieth century, and it has been named a historic site. Cleveland's first Hungarian Catholics initially worshipped at St. Ladislaus' Church, an east-side Slovakian parish, but ethnic strife and increasing immigration prompted the Hungarian community to seek their own parish. Bishop Horstmann interceded", "id": "19215853" }, { "contents": "Sacred Heart of Jesus Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSacred Heart of Jesus (), was a Catholic parish church in Cleveland, Ohio and part of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland. It was located at the north-west corner of intersection of East 71st St. and Kazimier St., in a part of the South Broadway neighborhood previously known in Polish as \"\" and nicknamed \"Goosetown\". Both the church building and the school building are GNIS named features. The church, school, and rectory buildings are listed together as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. The church was closed", "id": "12287908" }, { "contents": "St. Mary Mother of the Redeemer Church (Norwalk, Ohio)\n\n\nSaint Mary Mother of the Redeemer Church is a parish in the Roman Catholic Diocese of Toledo. The current church is located at 38 W. League Street, Norwalk, Ohio. Construction on the building began on May 29, 1889, and was completed in 1894. The church was previously twinned with St. Alphonsus in Peru, Ohio, but was later twinned with St. Anthony in Milan, Ohio, after a mass restructuring of the diocese. The Century House was a name given to several buildings, now all demolished, within the", "id": "21671394" }, { "contents": "Pilgrim Congregational Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nPilgrim Congregational Church is a historic congregation of the United Church of Christ in Cleveland, Ohio, United States. Constructed in the 1890s for a congregation founded in the 1850s, it was named a historic site in the 1970s. Congregationalists began operating a Sunday school in Cleveland's Tremont neighborhood in 1854, and their efforts resulted in the creation of a church five years later. The members began construction of their first church building in 1865, although it was not completed until 1870. It was suitable for the congregation's needs for", "id": "19215838" }, { "contents": "Sidney Mason Stone\n\n\n; St. Patrick's Church, New Haven (1853) constructed of East Haven sandstone;First Congregational Church, Naugatuck, CT (1855) and Wooster Place Congregational Church, Wooster Square, New Haven (1855) (now the Church of St. Michael) the original design for which featured a Corinthian portico and tall steeple. In \"New Haven: A Guide to Architecture and Urban Design\", Brown remarks on St. Michael's, “The building has burned twice, the steeple blown down once...Only the side walls and tall", "id": "165241" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Dayton, Ohio)\n\n\ncentury, the parish had outgrown it, and construction began on a new building; Archbishop Moeller laid the cornerstone in July 1905 and consecrated it in November 1906. Growth continued, and St. Anthony's Church was established in 1913 by families coming out of St. Mary's. St. Mary's remains an active part of the Archdiocese of Cincinnati to the present day. Masses are celebrated both in English and in Spanish. The current St. Mary's Church is a Romanesque Revival structure built in a mix of brick and stone. Constructed", "id": "19205375" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Indianapolis, Indiana)\n\n\nuntil the Diocese of Indianapolis established Holy Rosary Catholic Church, an Italian national parish in Indianapolis in 1911. After the turn of the century, when the neighborhood become commercial, the parish purchased property at New Jersey and Vermont streets, where they built the present church, which was under construction from 1910 to 1912. St. Mary's adapted to its changing ethnic neighborhood over the years. In 1967, as the city's Spanish-speaking community began to grow, the parish began offering Sunday mass in Spanish. German-language", "id": "3660949" }, { "contents": "St. John's Catholic Church (Fryburg, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. John Catholic Church is a Roman Catholic church in the unincorporated community of Fryburg in Pusheta Township, Auglaize County, Ohio, United States. The parish was established in 1848, the same year in which the community was platted, and construction was completed in 1850. A Catholic school in connection with the church was established in 1877. Both buildings feature fine architecture: the church includes Gothic Revival elements such as ornate pilasters and lancet windows, while the former school is a good example of Federal architecture. St. John's is", "id": "11283325" }, { "contents": "St. Augustine Parish (Hartford, Connecticut)\n\n\nSt. Augustine Parish is a Roman Catholic parish located in Hartford, Connecticut. In addition to a church, the parish also administers a school, St. Augustine School. St. Augustine Parish was established in August 1902 with Fr. Michael Barry appointed as its first pastor. At that time, a church building had not yet been constructed so mass was offered at the Washington Street School until a basement chapel was completed in 1903. The current Romanesque-style church was completed in 1912 and dedicated by Bishop John J. Nilan of the then", "id": "21104070" }, { "contents": "Zion Lutheran Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nFirst Methodist, Trinity Cathedral, and St. Paul's Episcopal Church on Euclid Avenue. This condition persisted into the mid-1910s, at which point the neighborhood transitioned into a largely commercial area. Beginning after 1930, the neighborhood deteriorated as many buildings were demolished, often to create room for parking lots. In such an environment Zion Lutheran Church was constructed in 1902 and opened for public use in the following year. It is home to a congregation founded by German immigrants in 1843, the oldest extant Lutheran congregation in the city; many", "id": "19215936" }, { "contents": "Church of St Paul, Letchworth\n\n\nallow construction of the new church to begin, with the foundation stone being laid on 10 October 1923 by the Marchioness of Salisbury. Work on the first section of the building was completed including three and a half bays of the nave with arcades at the sides. This first section was consecrated by Michael Furse, the Bishop of St Albans on 3 May 1924. A tower was intended but was never built. By 1924 the church was becoming too small for its growing congregation and work on an extension began in early 1931,", "id": "1720772" }, { "contents": "Basilica of the Sacred Heart of Jesus, Syracuse\n\n\noriginal church was located across the street from the current structure. The first Mass in the new parish church was said on August 30, 1892, with the formal dedication taking place nearly a year later on June 11, 1893. The congregation outgrew the first church within a decade, and a decision was made to construct a new church. The foundations were built by parishioners in order to save money, and the cornerstone was laid in 1907. Work was completed in three years, and the church was completed and dedicated on", "id": "4119395" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n, side altars and pulpit are made entirely of oak wood and decorated with beautiful German woodcarvings. The church pews are also oak. A Mexican onyx and brass Communion rail was installed over the years and the floor of the sanctuary and aisles is made of black and white marble tiles. St. Stephen's is a fully active Roman Catholic Parish in the Diocese of Cleveland. This means that they have a full parish staff and church council. They have regular Sunday Masses as well as daily Masses. German Mass is offered every first", "id": "19215923" }, { "contents": "Roncesvalles, Toronto\n\n\nWomenpriests at the church. St. Casimir's Polish Roman Catholic Church at Garden Avenue, offers Polish masses on Sundays. Its origins begin in 1944 when the Oblate Mission decided to create the third Polish parish (and first in the west end) in Toronto. The lot on which the church stands today was purchased for $15,000 in 1948 and construction on the parish hall began the same year. The first mass was held in the church hall in 1949. The church was completed and officially began offering mass on May 23,", "id": "3040916" }, { "contents": "Rajavoor\n\n\nSt. Michael's Shrine which is located at the center part of Rajavoor. The annual feast starts on the first Friday of May with a flag hoisting followed by a ten-day Mass and adoration. The eighth, ninth and tenth days are marked with a car procession to St. Michael Archangel, carnival ended with High Mass in front of the Holy Cars. The Roman Catholics and parish are administered by the Kottar Diocese. Another notable church, Our Lady of Presentation (Kaanikkai Maathaa) Church is attached to the Rajavoor Parish as", "id": "4595849" }, { "contents": "Transfiguration Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nBaptist Church in the nearby suburb of Garfield Heights, Ohio, which had a large, new structure. In April 1943, Trinity Baptist Church sold its building to the Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland for $35,000 ($ in dollars). The Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland erected Transfiguration Parish on July 30, 1943. The parish was divided from nearby Immaculate Heart of Mary Church and Shrine Church of St. Stanislaus parishes. Reverend Joseph F. Zabawa was named the pastor of the new congregation, which took up residence in the Trinity", "id": "20542089" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Augustine (Larchmont, New York)\n\n\nThe Church of St. Augustine is a Roman Catholic church located in Larchmont, New York. The parish having been founded in 1892, the present Gothic Revival church building was constructed in 1928. With a growing number of Catholics living in Larchmont, New York—many of them domestic servants who attended Blessed Sacrament Church in New Rochelle or Most Holy Trinity Church in Mamaroneck—the Archbishop of New York, Michael Corrigan, created the parish of St. Augustine was created in 1892. The decision to establish a parish was motivated in part", "id": "19300736" }, { "contents": "St. Barbara Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Barbara Catholic Church () is a parish of the Roman Catholic Church in Cleveland, Ohio, within the Diocese of Cleveland. The parish church is located on Denison Ave. between West 16th St. and the southbound entrance to SR 176, in a part of the Brooklyn Centre neighborhood previously known in Polish as . The red brick parish church, designed by H.C. Gabele, is a local landmark. It is a GNIS named feature. The church, rectory and convent buildings are listed together as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. The", "id": "13695356" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\ntwo years the parishioners worshipped in a hotel before constructing a building at Fourth and Euclid downtown. A fire destroyed the structure before it was completed, but people throughout the city contributed funds to build a brick replacement in 1851. By the 1870s, the streets surrounding the church had become primarily commercial, so the vestry sold the building and rented halls while building the present church eastward on Euclid Avenue. Its placement amid the wealthy Millionaire's Row district soon caused it to become a symbol of the neighborhood. However, the membership", "id": "19215901" }, { "contents": "St Michael the Archangel Church, Chatham\n\n\nHeart Church in Luton. St Paulinus Church was built in 1788 as a Wesleyan Chapel. In 1892, it was bought by the local Catholic Church. Sacred Heart Church was built in 1949. On 26 June 1949, its foundation stone was laid by the parish priest of St Michael's Church. St Paulinus Church has one Sunday Mass at 9:00am. Sacred Heart Church also has one Sunday Mass, it is at 10:30am. St Michael's Church has four Sunday Masses: 6:30pm on Saturday and 9:30am, 11:00am and 6:00pm on", "id": "19228802" }, { "contents": "St Michael and All Angels Church, Kingaroy\n\n\n's construction. Architect Colin Deighton, who was assistant to John Hingeston Buckeridge, the Anglican Diocese of Brisbane Architect between 1887 and 1901, designed the church. Deighton designed a number of country churches and St Colomb's Anglican Church at Clayfield in Brisbane. The foundation stone of St Michael and All Angels Church was laid on 10 November 1910 by the Venerable Arthur Rivers, Archdeacon of Toowoomba. Construction of the building, which was to seat 250 worshippers, began in December 1910 and was completed in 1911. Its cost, including", "id": "3972006" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Catholic Church (Chicago)\n\n\nSt. Michael () is a church of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Chicago. The current church is located at E. 83rd Street and S. South Shore Drive in South Chicago, a neighborhood of Chicago, Illinois. It is a prime example of the so-called \"Polish Cathedral style\" of churches in both its opulence and grand scale. Along with Immaculate Conception, it is one of the two monumental Polish churches dominating over the South Chicago neighborhood. Founded in 1892 as a Polish parish in Chicago to relieve overcrowding at Immaculate", "id": "20616064" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nof St. Stephen's for 38 years. In 1873, Fr. Reichlin realized that a new church building was needed to accommodate the growing parish. The Cleveland-based architect firm called Cudell & Richardson was hired to build the structure that still stands today as St. Stephen's Roman Catholic Church. Due to economic depression in the mid-1870s, work on the new building was stopped. Parishioners mortgaged their own properties to raise funds for the new church. It was dedicated on November 20, 1881 by the second bishop of Cleveland,", "id": "19215919" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church, Madison\n\n\n1992, the parishes of St. Mary's and St. Michael's became one community of faith, with one priest, Father John Meyer, and two church buildings. Saturday night mass was held at St. Michael's for St. Michael's ‘parishioners,’ and on Sunday morning, mass was held at St. Mary's. In 1993, the area's two other Catholic Churches (St. Patrick's and St. Anthony's) were merged with St. Mary's-St. Michael's as well. St. Michael's had extensive roof damage", "id": "2385663" }, { "contents": "St. Michael's Church, Hildesheim\n\n\nin 1010 and dedicated the still unfinished building to Michael on the archangel's feast day, 29 September 1022, just a few weeks before his death. Construction, however, continued under his successor, Bishop Godehard (died 1038), who completed the work in 1031 and reconsecrated the church to Michael on September 29 of that year. The church has double choirs east and west, double tripartite transepts at either end of the nave, and six towers----two large ones over the crossings east and west, and four other tall and", "id": "721679" }, { "contents": "St. Augustine's Catholic Church (Napoleon, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Augustine's Catholic Church is a historic church in Napoleon, Ohio, United States. Located on the edge of the city's downtown, two blocks away from the Henry County Courthouse, the church is a prominent landmark in Napoleon. St. Augustine Parish was founded at some point between 1856 and 1858; its first priest was Michael Pietz. The parish was dedicated to St. Augustine in honor of Augustine Pilliod, who supervised the construction of its first building. This structure was replaced with the current church, which was built at", "id": "13450149" }, { "contents": "Saint Patrick's Church (Dubuque, Iowa)\n\n\nMcCabe was assigned as the first resident pastor. The cornerstone of the present brick church was laid in 1877, and the building dedicated on August 15, 1878. In 1928, the Rev. J.J. Hanley remodeled and enlarged the church. St. Patrick Church was originally built for service to the Irish settlers of Dubuque and while the parish has maintained a healthy respect for its Irish heritage over its many years of service, the parish now specializes in service to the Hispanic residents of Dubuque. The parish offers a Spanish Mass on Sundays,", "id": "20590874" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nsecond parish for German-speaking Catholics. In April 1869 the first bishop of Cleveland, Bishop Louis Amadeus Rappe, appointed Fr. Stephen Falk to have a two-story building built. The building would be used as a church on the upper level and a school on the lower level to accommodate the 200 families from St. Mary's that lived west of 44th Street. The newly ordained Fr. Casimir Reichlin became the first pastor and said the first Mass of the parish on May 1, 1870. He served as pastor", "id": "19215918" }, { "contents": "Immaculate Conception Catholic Church (Fulda, Ohio)\n\n\n. Construction began on a small church building under the ministry of the priest from Miltonsburg, and Archbishop Purcell of Cincinnati dedicated it in 1853. Ten years later, the parishioners constructed a parish school, and a rectory followed in 1866; its large size and pretentious architecture resulted in a high construction cost of $2,500. By this time, the original church building had become entirely inadequate for the needs of the congregation, and replacement plans were laid; the cornerstone was laid in May 1874, and Bishop Rosecrans of Columbus dedicated", "id": "19205436" }, { "contents": "St. Vitus's Church, Cleveland\n\n\nSt. Vitus is a parish of the Roman Catholic Church in Cleveland, Ohio, United States, in the Diocese of Cleveland. The parish church, located at 6019 Lausche Avenue in the St. Clair-Superior neighborhood, was completed in 1932. The first documented Slovenian to settle in the Cleveland area was Joseph Turk, who came about 1883, most likely from Carniola, and settled on Marble Avenue, near the steel mills. He helped organize the Catholic Slovenes in Cleveland, and requested that Bishop Richard Gilmour of Cleveland appoint a", "id": "916020" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Catholic Church (St. Patrick, Ohio)\n\n\nrectory in 1919 to house its pastor; before its construction, St. Patrick's was served by priests from St. Michael's Church in Fort Loramie to the southwest. In 1977, the church and rectory were recorded by the Ohio Historic Inventory for the purpose of historic preservation; both buildings were ranked in good condition without any significant risks. Two years later, they were listed together on the National Register of Historic Places, along with over thirty other buildings in the Land of the Cross-Tipped Churches. When these churches were", "id": "15760892" }, { "contents": "Cathedral of St Michael and St John\n\n\n. In that year work commenced on a permanent church building located on the corner of George and Keppel Streets. St Michael's Church was a Victorian Gothic style building constructed in brick. It was in use by 1841 but appears not to have been completed until 1846 when leadlight windows were installed. Bishop John Bede Polding (1794-1877), first Catholic Archbishop of Sydney, was interested in fostering the English Gothic style of architecture in his diocese. He arranged for plans for significant churches to be prepared by English architects including", "id": "17452035" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Cathedral, Thunder Bay\n\n\n. From there, St. Patrick's Church was one of many churches that was missioned to the First Nations in Northern Ontario, as well as St. Andrew's Church, which was handed over to the diocese in 1997. St. Patrick's was built in 1892, the same year as Thunder Bay was incorporated as a town. The foundation stone was laid on 10 October 1891, and the first Mass was celebrated on 21 August 1892. The Jesuit parish priests made plans for the construction of an elementary school later that decade.", "id": "14488629" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Catholic Church (Toledo, Ohio)\n\n\nfor use in a new building. Fr. Edward Hannin, pastor of St. Patrick's, set out to create \"the finest church in this part of the land,\" for his congregation and began to raise money for construction. When it was completed, St. Patrick's was considered one of the finest examples of Gothic Revival architecture in the United States. The exterior is constructed of Amherst blue sandstone and the interior contains ten red granite columns. The church was dedicated on April 13, 1901. The church underwent extensive", "id": "9145471" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Dayton, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Mary's Catholic Church is a historic Catholic church building in an eastern neighborhood of Dayton, Ohio, United States. Constructed at the beginning of the twentieth century, it remains home to an active parish. Its grand architecture has made it an aviator's landmark, and it has been named a historic site by the federal government. Emanuel Church, the first Catholic parish in Dayton, was formed in 1837. Many English-speaking families left to form a separate parish in 1846, but Emanuel continued growing to the point", "id": "19205373" }, { "contents": "Church of St. James the Less\n\n\nmission. Weekly celebration of Mass resumed on Sundays at 5:00 pm. The breakaway congregation now meets at the Holy Cross Catholic church and is known as the Church of Saint Michael the Archangel. During the controversy, the parish school closed circa 2006. As part of its mandate, Saint Mark's Church began a fundraising effort to open a new parish school to serve this local community. In 2009 and 2010, the St. Mark's congregation (together with St. Francis Episcopal Church in Potomac, Maryland) sponsored Vacation Bible School at", "id": "12322466" }, { "contents": "St. John's Evangelical Lutheran Church (Springfield, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. John's Evangelical Lutheran Church is a historic Lutheran church in downtown Springfield, Ohio, United States. Founded as a German-speaking parish in Springfield's early days, it grew rapidly during its first few decades, and its present large church building was constructed in the 1890s under the direction of one of Springfield's leading architects. The congregation remains in the landmark church building, which has been named a historic site. Springfield's first Lutheran congregation was organized in May 1841, and a separate group of German Lutherans began", "id": "18832000" }, { "contents": "St Michael and St John Church, Clitheroe\n\n\nGrade II listed building. In September 2008, the Jesuits handed the church over to the Diocese of Salford who continue to serve the parish. Two years later, the parish merged with St Mary Queen of Peace Church in Sabden to form the parish of Our Lady of the Valley. St Mary's was built in 1877 and it was made into a parish in 1909, so that the parishioners did not have to travel the sizeable distance to attend Mass in Clitheroe. The parish has two Sunday Masses at St Michael and St", "id": "5090732" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n. St. Paul's church building is one of just six Gothic Revival churches built in Cleveland during the 1870s that survived into the 1980s. At one time considered Cleveland's grandest and largest church, it is distinguished by the unusual architecture of the peak of the bell tower, and the open interior features extensive detailing, along with seating for one thousand worshippers. Covered with sandstone from Berea, the building was a work of Gordon W. Lloyd, a Detroit architect who also produced grand churches in Ohio cities of various sizes, ranging", "id": "19215903" }, { "contents": "St. Aloysius' Catholic Church (Carthagena, Ohio)\n\n\nerected in 1865. In their earliest years, the people worshipped in the chapel of the adjacent St. Charles Seminary. Throughout its history, the church has been significantly influenced by the seminary, which trained the priests of the Missionaries of the Precious Blood and provided pastors for the church. As its membership grew, the parish decided to construct a church building. Plans were laid and construction began in 1875; the cornerstone was laid in May 1877, and the church was consecrated on June 30, 1878; the parishioners had performed", "id": "20255448" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Church (Monroe, Michigan)\n\n\nto come. St. Michael Church is located along the River Raisin on West Front Street in the city of Monroe, MI. The 183 foot steeple isn't hard to miss. When you come into Monroe you can easily see St. Michael's A tradition at St. Michael Church is the parish prayer. It is said before the beginning of every mass. It reads: \"Lord, God, we glorify Your holy name and thank you for calling us, the people of Saint Michael the Archangel Parish, to be one in", "id": "12346363" }, { "contents": "St Michael and All Angels Church, Barton Turf\n\n\nSt Michael and All Angels is the Church of England parish church of Barton Turf in the county of Norfolk in England. See Inside here. It stands about a kilometre south-west of the village in the midst of a plantation of trees. Particularly notable for its surviving paintings, the church is listed with Grade I. The building was at first constructed in rather an undistinguished Perpendicular style, possessing a tower at the west end of the church. The church is best known for the twelve panels of its late-Gothic rood", "id": "15249529" }, { "contents": "St Michael and All Angels' Church, Haworth\n\n\nSt Michael and All Angels' Church is the Church of England parish church of Haworth, West Yorkshire. The current structure, the third church building on the site, was built between 1879 and 1881 although parts of the original medieval church building, notably the tower, survive from earlier periods. The church is best known for its historic association with the Brontë sisters whose father Revd. Patrick Brontë served as minister of the parish between 1820 and 1861. A chapel has existed on the site since 1488, though records held at", "id": "17201346" }, { "contents": "St. Peter Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Peter Church (), is a Catholic parish church in Cleveland, Ohio and part of the Diocese of Cleveland. Founded in , it is located at the intersection of Superior Ave. near East 17th St., in the Downtown neighborhood. The church is a longstanding city landmark; George Francis Houck, then the Chancellor, wrote in 1903 that, \"One of the landmarks of the city and Diocese of Cleveland is St. Peter's Church.\" It is listed as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. It is also a named", "id": "13925952" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Church (Monroe, Michigan)\n\n\n. It was used as a church on the first floor and on the second it was used for the school. Later it would only be used as St. Michael School. Then in 1866 the cornerstone for the present church was laid. The large 187 foot steeple wasn't added until 1883. In 1874 the 3-story rectory was built east of the church. In 1918 the parish built the present building of St. Michael School which is now a part of Monroe Catholic Elementary Schools. The movement to establish the parish started in 1845", "id": "12346356" }, { "contents": "St. Casimir Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nRichard Gilmour for permission to form a new parish and build a church for their own use. In December 1891, Monsignor Felix Boff, V.G., administrator of the diocese, granted the required permission. Those parishioners left to form St. Casimir Church in 1891. The parish was founded in 1891 — about 44 years after the Diocese of Cleveland was erected by Pope Pius IX. In December, 1891, Boff appointed Father Benedict Rosinski, pastor of St. Adalbert's, Berea, Ohio, to take charge of the mission. On", "id": "12488231" }, { "contents": "St James' Church, Forest Gate\n\n\nSt James' Church, Forest Gate was a church in Forest Gate, east London. Its origins lay in an iron building constructed around 1870 to serve a conventional district. A parish was formed for it in 1881 from those of Emmanuel Church, All Saints and St John's and its permanent church completed the following year, with an organ moved from St Matthew's Church, Friday Street. The church was demolished in 1964 and for two years its congregation worshiped in the Durning Hall Community Centre's chapel until the parish was", "id": "17208906" }, { "contents": "North Presbyterian Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nNorth Presbyterian Church is a historic Presbyterian church on the east side of Cleveland, Ohio, United States. Constructed in the 1880s, the church building has been named a historic site. Throughout its history, the congregation has been focused on Sunday school work. North Presbyterian Church developed out of a mission Sunday school established in east-side Cleveland in 1859. The local presbytery organized a congregation out of the Sunday school in 1867, and within a short while, the new congregation formed the first of two mission Sunday schools in", "id": "19215693" }, { "contents": "St. Vitus's Church, Cleveland\n\n\nVitus to work on the interior. It was finished for the centennial celebration of the parish later that year. St. Vitus remains a strong parish, but Fr. Božnar works with Bishop Lennon's programs to cluster parishes in order to increase strength for inner-city parishes. The church building of St. Vitus itself is constructed in the Lombard-Roman style with pale yellow Falston brick. It is 141 feet long and 100 feet wide with an attached parish house on its west side. Its two Romanesque bell towers reach 110 feet", "id": "916027" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Michael (St. Michael, Minnesota)\n\n\nof the church came from Saint John's Abbey in Collegeville. In 1866 a new church was built in the center of the town and served for about 25 years. In 1890 the parish built a Gothic Revival building, which was the largest church in Wright County at the time. The building features ornate statues and German woodcarvings. Although the parish had a mostly German ethnicity for many years, since 1985 the number of families in the parish doubled, and it no longer appears to be an ethnic parish. In 2004 the", "id": "1327870" }, { "contents": "St. Thomas Church (Underhill, Vermont)\n\n\nSt. Thomas Church is a Roman Catholic church in the Town of Underhill, Vermont in the United States, located in the unincorporated village of \"Underhill Center\". The church was built from 1891-92 after its predecessor had burned down on 19 December 1890. The cornerstone for the current St. Thomas Church building was laid on 12 August 1891 at an event that had an estimated 1,000 attendees. Although the construction period spanned from 1 May 1891 until December 1892, the first Mass was nevertheless held in the basement of the church", "id": "6739395" }, { "contents": "St. William Parish (Lawncrest)\n\n\n1950s and 60's, saw many changes come to the physical plant of the Parish that reflected the housing boom of the area, the economic upswing of the times and the growing parish population. Many of the original \"Motley Buildings\" were completely replaced. The Middle School (Junior High/Upper School) building was built and later an additional floor was added. When consideration was had for the completion of the Upper Church, it was found that the basement church was not structurally sufficient to support additional construction. In 1955", "id": "10364503" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Michael the Archangel, Katowice\n\n\nChurch of St. Michael Archangel () is one of the oldest buildings in Katowice. It's located in Kościuszko Park, where it was moved in 1938 from the village Syrynia, where it was originally constructed in 1510. It is under the invocation of St. Michael. It has end-fitted log framework construction and shingled roof. Free-standing belltower was completed before 1679; it has historic lych-gate and wooden fence around the churchyard. The church of St. Michael Archangel was first built in 1305 in Syrynia, near", "id": "21359049" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Catholic Church (St. Patrick, Ohio)\n\n\n's was closely connected to many other churches in western Ohio: wide areas of western Ohio that were primarily settled by Catholics feature large churches at sparsely-populated crossroads. While most of these churches are constructed in the Gothic Revival style of architecture, some of the newer churches of the region — including St. Patrick's — appear in a variety of styles; St. Patrick's was one of the few that lacked the high steeples of the Gothic Revival structures. The leading role of these churches in western Shelby County and the lands", "id": "15760890" }, { "contents": "St Michael's Roman Catholic Church, Linlithgow\n\n\nchildren the congregation capitalised on the spirit of cooperation and community and set out to build a school. Located on a site next to the church St. Joseph's school was opened on 1 July 1889 and served the children of the parish until 1964 when new premises were occupied at Preston Road. Although during this time Fr Easson had replaced Fr Murphy as parish priest there was no change of emphasis and all the parish energies were engaged in the effort to complete the church building programme. Plans to double the size of the church were", "id": "17679127" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Delaware, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Mary's Catholic Church is a historic Catholic parish church in the city of Delaware, Ohio, United States. Constructed in the 1880s, this grand building is home to a congregation established in the middle of the nineteenth century. Its grand style has long made it a community landmark, and it was named a historic landmark in 1980. Delaware's first Masses were celebrated by travelling priests in the homes of the city's few Catholics, most of whom were Irish or German immigrants. The members built the first St. Mary", "id": "2642749" }, { "contents": "Church of the Resurrection (Rye, New York)\n\n\nin 1881 at the intersection of Purchase Street and the Boston Post Road, where services were then offered. The parish was incorporated on January 29, 1886, and title to the property was transferred from the archdiocese to the parish itself. A new church building was completed in 1889 on Purchase Street, while the former building was used as the rectory. Thereafter, construction of a parochial school on the Boston Post Road began in 1906 and was completed two years later. With the number of parishioners growing, the church purchased land", "id": "19300829" }, { "contents": "Near North Side, Chicago\n\n\n, most of this area was an enclave to the first emigrants from Puerto Rico to Chicago, who referred to it as part of \"La Clark\" until commercialization decorated late 1960s shop signs with the name of Old Town. The neighborhood is home to St. Michael's Church, originally built to serve German immigrants, and one of only 7 to survive the great Chicago fire. St. Michael's, Holy Name Cathedral, Immaculate Conception, and St. Joseph's Catholic churches all catered to Latinos with a Mass in Spanish. Many", "id": "1540930" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Massillon, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Mary's Catholic Church is a historic Catholic church building in the city of Massillon, Ohio, United States. Constructed in 1876 for a congregation composed largely of European immigrants, it has been named a historic site. The origins of St. Mary parish lie among numerous Germans and Irish who settled in Massillon in its early years and built a small house of worship on Cherry Road in the 1840s. This building stood until 1875, when it was destroyed so that the present church might occupy its location; it was built in", "id": "19205828" }, { "contents": "St. Anne Church (Berlin, New Hampshire)\n\n\nSt. Anne Church is a historic church at 58 Church Street in Berlin, New Hampshire, United States. It is the church for Good Shepherd Parish within the Roman Catholic Diocese of Manchester. St. Anne Parish was founded in 1867, and was Berlin's first Roman Catholic congregation. It was merged with Guardian Angel Parish, St. Joseph Parish, and St. Kieran Parish in 2000 to form Good Shepherd Parish. Its building, constructed in 1900, is an important local example of Romanesque architecture, and was listed on the National Register", "id": "2452362" }, { "contents": "St. Peter Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n, put up by Luhr, was torn down and replaced by a large pastoral residence adjoining the rear of the church, at a cost of $12,000. In the same year a third story was added to St. Peter's school building, and arranged for a parish hall, containing a stage and other conveniences, at a cost of $10,000. In the synod of January 3, 1889, St. Peter's congregation was the first mentioned among the nine principal churches of the diocese which Gilmour named as rectorates, with an", "id": "13925965" }, { "contents": "Trinity Cathedral (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nfirst church building built within the village limits of Cleveland. In 1846, to meet the needs of a growing parish, plans for a larger, centralized building just east of Public Square commenced. The congregation moved into the larger stone structure in the Gothic style on Superior Avenue in 1855. In 1890, Trinity Church was offered to Bishop William A. Leonard for use as a cathedral for the Diocese of Ohio. The congregation would maintain the building and it would serve dual roles as the parish church and cathedral for the diocese.", "id": "19215933" }, { "contents": "St. Andrew's Cathedral (Jackson, Mississippi)\n\n\nat the time that was not located along the Mississippi River. Its church was burned by the Union Army during the American Civil War in 1863. The cornerstone for the second church was laid by the Rt. Rev. William Mercer Green in 1869. By the turn of the Twentieth Century the congregation had outgrown its church building and the present structure was completed in 1903. The Parish House was constructed between 1923 and 1924. The congregation continued to grow and the building along West Street was built in 1955. The bishop moved his", "id": "20556538" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Evansville, Indiana)\n\n\nservice in the first church building was held on April 15, 1883. While construction ensued, a congregant and frequent benefactor, Charles Viele, offered the use of Viele Hall (located on 2nd street between Main and Sycamore streets) to St. Paul's parish. The cornerstone for new St. Paul's was laid on September 3, 1883, and construction completed on March 2, 1886 with Bishop D.B. Knickerbacker consecrating the new building. Charles and Mary Viele continued to sponsor further construction on the church grounds - first with a rectory", "id": "20407572" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Church (Monroe, Michigan)\n\n\nSaint Michael the Archangel Church (St. Michael Church) is located on the west side of the city of Monroe, Michigan along the River Raisin. It is home to 1,200 families and it is one of most important religious institutes in Monroe County. It was founded in the year 1852. The present building was built from 1866-1867. It is in the Archdiocese of Detroit. Its current priest is Rev. Phillip Ching. When the parish was first established, the mayor of Monroe palatial residence was remodeled as a temporary church", "id": "12346355" }, { "contents": "St. Mary Congregational Church\n\n\nSt. Mary Congregational Church in Abbeville, Louisiana is the oldest incorporated, predominantly African-American church in Vermilion Parish. Its historic Gothic Revival style church at 213 S. Louisiana Avenue, constructed in 1905 to replace a previous building, was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1999. American Missionary Association records show the congregation dates to at least 1877. The structure is a three-bay, gable-fronted church with a prominent corner tower. The tower is three-stage and square. The church is currently non", "id": "17676536" }, { "contents": "St. Charles of the Valley Catholic Church and Rectory\n\n\nSt. Charles Borromeo Church is a Catholic parish in Hailey, Idaho, in the Diocese of Boise. Its historic parish church and rectory complex, located at Pine and S. 1st Streets, is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Fr. E.M. Nattini began ministering in the Wood River Valley in the 1880s. The population was growing rapidly, and he was soon able to raise funds for the construction of the first church of St. Charles, which began June 17, 1883. It was the first Catholic church ineast of", "id": "20581174" }, { "contents": "Sacred Heart Catholic Church (Dayton, Ohio)\n\n\nprompted some of the members to leave in July 1883 and establish Sacred Heart Church; under the leadership of St. Joseph's associate pastor Hugh McDevitt, the congregation rented a meeting hall while waiting for the construction of their building. Land for the present church was purchased for $19,000, and William Henry Elder laid the cornerstone in June 1888. Exterior work was completed in the following year, and by 1893 construction was close enough to completion that the congregation could begin worshipping in their building. The building was consecrated by Bishop Maes", "id": "22206155" }, { "contents": "St. Vincent de Paul Church (Pontiac, Michigan)\n\n\n. The church continued to grow, and in the 1880s, the Reverend Fridolin Baumgartner began raising funds for the construction of the present church. The congregation hired the Detroit architecture firm of Donaldson & Meier to design the church, and the cornerstone was laid on September 6, 1885. The church was dedicated two years later, on September 18, 1887. A 6600-pound bell was installed in the church in 1890. A rectory was constructed in 1895, a school building was added in 1897, and a parish hall in 1911", "id": "19268922" }, { "contents": "St. Boniface Roman Catholic Church\n\n\npopulation on the west side. In 1873, a two-story, red brick Italianate rectory building was built for the parish at a cost of $6,000. A stone church building was planned by the prominent local architect William M. Scott, and construction was completed in 1883 at a cost of $30,000. The parish was closed in 1989, and the building was demolished a few years later. St. Boniface Church was an eclectic example of Romanesque Revival and Ruskinian Gothic architecture. It was built in a cruciform shape from red", "id": "9736494" } ]

[ { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nchurch congregation reached its peak size in the 1950, when only 25% of the parishioners were of German descent. The first Spanish Mass was said in 1971 for the growing number of Hispanic parishioners. The congregation now is mostly Latin American. The church now offers Masses in both English and Spanish. An annual Good Friday Procession begins or ends at St. Michael's. St Michael's and La Sagrada Familia church alternate every year to begin or end at one of the two churches. There is a stop at St Patrick's", "id": "19125747" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nwhile the new building was under construction. The current church, which had its cornerstone laid in 1889, was completed five years ahead of schedule in 1892. The church building is considered a good example of High Victorian Gothic architecture with its two towers of unequal height, the taller of which rises , and three archways. An architecturally notable school adjacent to the church began construction in 1906 and was completed in 1907. For many years the church was one of the most costly and artistically notable churches in the Cleveland Diocese. The", "id": "19125746" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Michael the Archangel is a Roman Catholic church located at 3114 Scranton Road in the Clark-Fulton neighborhood on the west side of Cleveland, Ohio. The church is named in honor of St. Michael the Archangel and was completed in 1892. The congregation was founded in 1881 as a mission of Ohio City, Cleveland's St. Mary's on-the-Flats to serve a growing German immigrant population on Cleveland's west side. The original church and school building were constructed in 1883 but burned on June 29, 1891,", "id": "19125745" }, { "contents": "St. John's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n's. Trinity Cathedral is now the seat of the Episcopal Diocese of Ohio. St. John's was also the mother church to several of the west side parishes. In 1837, the Ohio City Directory described the church as follows, \"The Episcopal Church, which is not yet finished, is built of hammered stone, and has a lofty steeple. Its style of architecture is Gothic, resembling that of the ancient and venerable Cathedral. This building, when finished, will be one of the best of the kind in the", "id": "18742416" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cincinnati, Ohio)\n\n\n1847. The cornerstone was laid August 1, 1847 and the church dedicated June 4, 1848. Rev. Fr. Zoppoth was selected as the first pastor for the congregation. In 1868 St. Michael Church became the mother parish to St. Lawrence Church which was organized that same year. The Comboni Missionaries took charge of the parish in 1964. By this time many of the German-speaking families in the parish had begun to move to other parts of the city. In a mass celebrated by Daniel Edward Pilarczyk the church building was", "id": "11338583" }, { "contents": "St. Columba Cathedral (Youngstown, Ohio)\n\n\nThe first Mass celebrated in Youngstown occurred in 1826. St. Columba Parish was founded in 1847, the year that Pope Pius IX established the Diocese of Cleveland, of which Youngstown was a part. The first church was completed in 1850. As the parish grew, it required a larger church, which it completed in 1868. The first parish school building was opened three years later. The parish continued to grow and constructed yet another church which opened in 1897. Bishop Ignatius Horstmann consecrated the sanctuary in 1903. The parish added", "id": "13619245" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Stephen Church is a Roman Catholic church located in the Detroit-Shoreway neighborhood on the west side of Cleveland, Ohio. The gothic style building was designed by architects Cudell & Richardson. The current church was built in 1875 and was added into the National Register of Historic Places in 1977. St. Stephen Roman Catholic Church was founded in 1869 due to a need for a second German parish on the west side of Cleveland. The first German parish, St. Mary's, increased so much that Cleveland was in need of a", "id": "19215917" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cincinnati, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Michael the Archangel Church is a Roman Catholic church located at 2110 St. Michael Street, in Cincinnati, Ohio. The cornerstone of this church was laid in 1847 and the church dedicated a year later. The church closed April 5, 1998. As the tide of German immigrants continued to rise in Cincinnati, more churches were needed. Holy Trinity Church was the first German speaking parish. As the city grew in three directions; north, east and west; there were three parishes which descended from that parish Old St. Mary", "id": "11338581" }, { "contents": "St. John's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. John's Episcopal Church is located at 2600 Church Avenue in the Ohio City neighborhood of Cleveland, Ohio. St. John's is the oldest consecrated building in Cuyahoga county. This stone gothic revival church building was designed by Hezekiah Eldredge and built beginning in 1836 and was completed 1838. Eldridge was probably familiar with John Henry Hopkins' \"An Essay on Gothic Architecture\", the first book on Gothic ecclesiastical architecture to be published in the United States. St. John's is a good representative of a small group of American churches", "id": "18742414" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland Heights, Ohio)\n\n\nFairmount Blvd, it is a contributing property in the Fairmount Boulevard District, which is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. St. Paul's was first established in the city of Cleveland, Ohio on October 26, 1846. The congregation did not have its own building until 1851, as a frame building completed in 1849 burned completely. A small brick church in the Gothic Revival style was completed for the parish at Euclid and Sheriff (East 4th) Streets by 1858. St. Paul's congregation outgrew the church, however", "id": "18644038" }, { "contents": "Irvington, Baltimore\n\n\nPassion\", marking the beginning of St. Joseph's Monastery Parish. Construction of a new, larger church began in 1881 and was completed in 1883. Its cornerstone was placed by Cardinal James Gibbons. The original monastery, beside the church, burned down in 1883. A new monastery was completed in 1886. The monastery chapel is extant and contains an 1887 Niemann pipe organ. The congregation of St. Joseph's Monastery Parish outgrew their church building in the following century. In 1931, Archbishop Michael Joseph Curley placed the cornerstone for", "id": "5906170" }, { "contents": "St. Theodosius Russian Orthodox Cathedral\n\n\nSt. Theodosius Cathedral is an Orthodox church located on Starkweather Avenue in the Tremont neighborhood, on the near west side of Cleveland, Ohio. It is considered one of the best examples of Russian church architecture in the U.S. and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The parish is the first Orthodox parish in Cleveland and is currently under the jurisdiction of the Diocese of the Midwest of the Orthodox Church in America. St. Theodosius is perhaps best known for its appearance in the 1978 film, \"The Deer Hunter\" with", "id": "13141384" }, { "contents": "St. Casimir Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nBoth the church building and the school building are GNIS named features. The church building is listed as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. To provide properly for the large and steadily increasing number of Poles in the north-eastern part of Cleveland it was necessary to organize them into the third Polish congregation within the limits of the city. They lived too far away from St. Stanislaus Church, with which they had been affiliated, for them to conveniently either attend Mass or for their children to attend the parish school. They therefore petitioned Bishop", "id": "12488230" }, { "contents": "St. Henry's Catholic Church (Harriettsville, Ohio)\n\n\nChurch in Fulda in order to hear Mass. Virtually all of the members in the early decades were Germans or of German descent. A parish school was formed in the late 1870s, and in its first twenty years, the parish grew fourfold in membership. This growth caused the original church building to be too small: land for a new building was purchased in 1879, and construction finished in 1894. St. Henry's Church is a stone building in the Gothic Revival style; the most prominent component is a multi-story tower", "id": "19205430" }, { "contents": "St. Michael's Church, Old Town, Chicago\n\n\nSt. Michael's Church in the Old Town neighborhood of Chicago is a Roman Catholic church staffed by the Redemptorist order of priests. The parish was founded to minister to German Catholic immigrants in 1852 with its first wooden church completed that year at a cost of $750 (including the bell). The building stands at the intersection of Eugenie Street and Cleveland Avenue. The church was built as a haven for German immigrants who were outcasts in Old Chicago. In addition, the town's main church, St. Joseph's Church,", "id": "10838314" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cincinnati, Ohio)\n\n\n's Church, St. Philomena's Church and St. Joseph's Church. The three parishes were founded in 1840, 1846 and 1846 respectively. As more immigration followed, St. Michael's was founded, the first filial parish of St. Joseph. The parish was located to what was then called Storrs Township. Forty-five persons organized themselves into a congregation in the early part of 1847 and drew up a constitution for the church A lot was donated by Innocent Troenle and two additional adjacent pieces of property were bought in April and May", "id": "11338582" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Michael and St. Anthony\n\n\ntoday to mostly Poles and Italians. The church has also been noted for its Byzantine Revival architecture, complete with a dome and minaret-styled tower, making it \"one of the more unique examples of church architecture in Montréal.\" Construction on the Church of St. Michael the Archangel began in 1914, for what would grow to become the largest anglophone parish in Montreal. After a brief delay following the commencement of World War I, the church was completed in 1915 at a cost of $232,000, with a capacity of", "id": "10850773" }, { "contents": "Zion Lutheran Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nother Cleveland-area Lutheran congregations, including Trinity Lutheran Church, are Zion's daughters. The original church building was located downtown, but the east-side German community was strong enough by 1902 that the congregation deemed Prospect Avenue a better location for serving the community. From its earliest years, the congregation had sponsored a school; Zion Lutheran School was founded in 1848, at which time all scholars were instructed in German. The school moved to Prospect Avenue ahead of the church; the present building was completed in 1903,", "id": "19215937" }, { "contents": "St. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\non their behalf with papal authorities, and Charles Boehm of Hungary settled in Cleveland in late 1892 to serve the new St. Elizabeth parish, the first Hungarian nationality parish in America. Boehm immediately began registering members and advocating for the construction of a church complex; the first church building, a brick structure, was erected by the end of 1893, a school soon followed, and a larger school was completed in 1900 because of expanded enrollment. He also began a Hungarian-language parish newspaper that soon gained subscribers in other parts", "id": "19215854" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church, Madison\n\n\ndying Catholics (he was a doctor as well). Costigan is believed to have been the Catholic architect of the church. Costigan was only recorded as being a member of the parish during the construction, but details of the church building mirror his other buildings in Madison. In December 1839 St. Michael the Archangel Catholic Church was completed. As the City of Madison grew, so did its Catholic population. German–Catholics had increased highly in numbers and had formed a separate congregation within St. Michael's. In 1850, the", "id": "2385658" }, { "contents": "Pilgrim Congregational Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nonly a short time, as construction on the present building was started just 23 years after the first building was finished. The name \"Pilgrim Congregational Church\" was adopted in 1894 upon the completion of the present building; they had been styled \"Heights Congregational Church\" into the 1870s and used the name \"Jennings Avenue Congregational Church\" in the 1880s. The building was a community landmark from its earliest years — electric wiring was included in the original construction at a time when no other Cleveland buildings west of the Cuyahoga River", "id": "19215839" }, { "contents": "St. Monica Church (Manhattan)\n\n\nin 1880 he began conducting Mass over a feed store at 404 East 78th Street. The following year, he purchased land for the construction of the church and school. Construction of the first church building was completed in 1883. In 1892, the address was listed as 409 E 79th Street. The Rev. John J. Boyle served as acting rector at St. Monica's before becoming the founding pastor of St. Luke's Church (Bronx, New York). The current Gothic Revival church building was erected in 1906 to the designs of", "id": "18565781" }, { "contents": "Annunciation Church (historic) (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nAnnunciation Church (historic) (), was a Catholic parish church in Cleveland, Ohio and part of the Diocese of Cleveland. It was located at the intersection of Hurd St. and Moore St., now part of the West Side Market parking lot, in the Ohio City neighborhood. The location where the church once stood can be found, in an 1881 atlas, at the south-west corner of Hurd St. and Moore St., on the west bank of the Cuyahoga river above part of the Flats historically known as Ox", "id": "14549709" }, { "contents": "Sacred Heart of Jesus Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n. Between 1885 and 1889 a large number of Poles settled in South Cleveland, in the area of East 71st St. and Harvard Ave. They lived too far away from St. Stanislaus church for them to conveniently either attend Mass or for their children to attend the parish school. They petitioned Bishop Richard Gilmour for permission to form a new parish and build a church for their own use. The petition to form a new parish and build a church was granted, and the parish was founded in  — about 42 years after the Diocese", "id": "12287909" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland Heights, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Paul's Episcopal Church is a parish of the Episcopal Church in Cleveland Heights, Ohio. The current rector is the Rev. Jeanne Leinbach, installed on October 23, 2015. She is the first female rector of St. Paul's. Her predecessor was the Rev. Alan M. Gates, who served from 2004-2014, before his election as Bishop of Massachusetts. St. Paul's is a leading church and has the largest congregation in the Episcopal Diocese of Ohio. The church building is a Cleveland Heights landmark. Located at 2747", "id": "18644037" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nRev. Richard Gilmour. Volunteer German and Hungarian woodworkers completed the interior of the church. Over the next 40 years, the parish added a rectory, convent for the Sisters of Notre Dame and two school buildings including one for and an all girls two-year high school which opened in 1905. After World War II, St. Stephen's parish experienced unprecedented growth due to the population growth in Cleveland and throughout the country. On June 8, 1953 a tornado severely damaged the church structure. Work to restore the building began immediately", "id": "19215920" }, { "contents": "Cathedral of St. John the Evangelist (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nstyle and the Bishop laid the cornerstone October 22, 1848. Until the new building was completed in 1852, St. Mary's served as cathedral for the diocese. At the time of its completion, the new cathedral was the well beyond Cleveland's Public Square. Alterations and additions began on the church almost as soon as the initial construction was complete. In 1857, a boys' school was added and within ten years, it was joined by a parish hall and girls' school. In 1879, the parish raised sufficient", "id": "10656550" }, { "contents": "St. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nthe present building. Although the cornerstone was laid in 1918, the construction process was lengthy, and it was finally completed only in 1922. Built primarily of limestone, according to a design of Cleveland architect Emile Uhlrich, the church is an example of Italian-influenced Baroque Revival architecture, partly modelled after the church of Sant'Agnese in Agone in Rome. Two great towers, topped with cupolas, form the ends of the facade, while a great rose window sits in the middle section of the facade high above the main entrance", "id": "19215857" }, { "contents": "St. Nicholas' Catholic Church (Osgood, Ohio)\n\n\nnearby villages; St. Augustine's Church in Minster and St. Michael's Church in Fort Loramie were established by 1850, but the foundations of a parish in Osgood were not laid until 1904, and formal establishment of the parish came in 1906. In its earliest years, the Mass was celebrated in common buildings; after worshipping for a time in a school, the parishioners purchased a barn for ecclesiastical purposes. For many years, the improvement of the parish's facilities was hindered by its size; the fewness of its members meant", "id": "421917" }, { "contents": "Union–Miles Park\n\n\na congregation for African Americans, was founded 1914, and erected its first church building and school in 1916 at what is now Union Avenue and Martin Luther King Drive. The congregation that formed Archangel Michael Orthodox Church ( St. Michael's Orthodox Church) split from St. John the Baptist Orthodox Church in 1921. It began construction of its new church home at 10000 Union Avenue in April 1924, completing the structure in 1926. Although the long-standing Cataract House closed in 1917, the first Union–Miles Park movie theater,", "id": "20793486" }, { "contents": "St. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church is a historic Roman Catholic church in the Buckeye Road neighborhood on the east side of Cleveland, Ohio, United States. The earliest ethnic parish established for Hungarians in the United States, its present building was constructed in the early twentieth century, and it has been named a historic site. Cleveland's first Hungarian Catholics initially worshipped at St. Ladislaus' Church, an east-side Slovakian parish, but ethnic strife and increasing immigration prompted the Hungarian community to seek their own parish. Bishop Horstmann interceded", "id": "19215853" }, { "contents": "Sacred Heart of Jesus Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSacred Heart of Jesus (), was a Catholic parish church in Cleveland, Ohio and part of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland. It was located at the north-west corner of intersection of East 71st St. and Kazimier St., in a part of the South Broadway neighborhood previously known in Polish as \"\" and nicknamed \"Goosetown\". Both the church building and the school building are GNIS named features. The church, school, and rectory buildings are listed together as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. The church was closed", "id": "12287908" }, { "contents": "St. Mary Mother of the Redeemer Church (Norwalk, Ohio)\n\n\nSaint Mary Mother of the Redeemer Church is a parish in the Roman Catholic Diocese of Toledo. The current church is located at 38 W. League Street, Norwalk, Ohio. Construction on the building began on May 29, 1889, and was completed in 1894. The church was previously twinned with St. Alphonsus in Peru, Ohio, but was later twinned with St. Anthony in Milan, Ohio, after a mass restructuring of the diocese. The Century House was a name given to several buildings, now all demolished, within the", "id": "21671394" }, { "contents": "Pilgrim Congregational Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nPilgrim Congregational Church is a historic congregation of the United Church of Christ in Cleveland, Ohio, United States. Constructed in the 1890s for a congregation founded in the 1850s, it was named a historic site in the 1970s. Congregationalists began operating a Sunday school in Cleveland's Tremont neighborhood in 1854, and their efforts resulted in the creation of a church five years later. The members began construction of their first church building in 1865, although it was not completed until 1870. It was suitable for the congregation's needs for", "id": "19215838" }, { "contents": "Sidney Mason Stone\n\n\n; St. Patrick's Church, New Haven (1853) constructed of East Haven sandstone;First Congregational Church, Naugatuck, CT (1855) and Wooster Place Congregational Church, Wooster Square, New Haven (1855) (now the Church of St. Michael) the original design for which featured a Corinthian portico and tall steeple. In \"New Haven: A Guide to Architecture and Urban Design\", Brown remarks on St. Michael's, “The building has burned twice, the steeple blown down once...Only the side walls and tall", "id": "165241" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Dayton, Ohio)\n\n\ncentury, the parish had outgrown it, and construction began on a new building; Archbishop Moeller laid the cornerstone in July 1905 and consecrated it in November 1906. Growth continued, and St. Anthony's Church was established in 1913 by families coming out of St. Mary's. St. Mary's remains an active part of the Archdiocese of Cincinnati to the present day. Masses are celebrated both in English and in Spanish. The current St. Mary's Church is a Romanesque Revival structure built in a mix of brick and stone. Constructed", "id": "19205375" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Indianapolis, Indiana)\n\n\nuntil the Diocese of Indianapolis established Holy Rosary Catholic Church, an Italian national parish in Indianapolis in 1911. After the turn of the century, when the neighborhood become commercial, the parish purchased property at New Jersey and Vermont streets, where they built the present church, which was under construction from 1910 to 1912. St. Mary's adapted to its changing ethnic neighborhood over the years. In 1967, as the city's Spanish-speaking community began to grow, the parish began offering Sunday mass in Spanish. German-language", "id": "3660949" }, { "contents": "St. John's Catholic Church (Fryburg, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. John Catholic Church is a Roman Catholic church in the unincorporated community of Fryburg in Pusheta Township, Auglaize County, Ohio, United States. The parish was established in 1848, the same year in which the community was platted, and construction was completed in 1850. A Catholic school in connection with the church was established in 1877. Both buildings feature fine architecture: the church includes Gothic Revival elements such as ornate pilasters and lancet windows, while the former school is a good example of Federal architecture. St. John's is", "id": "11283325" }, { "contents": "St. Augustine Parish (Hartford, Connecticut)\n\n\nSt. Augustine Parish is a Roman Catholic parish located in Hartford, Connecticut. In addition to a church, the parish also administers a school, St. Augustine School. St. Augustine Parish was established in August 1902 with Fr. Michael Barry appointed as its first pastor. At that time, a church building had not yet been constructed so mass was offered at the Washington Street School until a basement chapel was completed in 1903. The current Romanesque-style church was completed in 1912 and dedicated by Bishop John J. Nilan of the then", "id": "21104070" }, { "contents": "Zion Lutheran Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nFirst Methodist, Trinity Cathedral, and St. Paul's Episcopal Church on Euclid Avenue. This condition persisted into the mid-1910s, at which point the neighborhood transitioned into a largely commercial area. Beginning after 1930, the neighborhood deteriorated as many buildings were demolished, often to create room for parking lots. In such an environment Zion Lutheran Church was constructed in 1902 and opened for public use in the following year. It is home to a congregation founded by German immigrants in 1843, the oldest extant Lutheran congregation in the city; many", "id": "19215936" }, { "contents": "Church of St Paul, Letchworth\n\n\nallow construction of the new church to begin, with the foundation stone being laid on 10 October 1923 by the Marchioness of Salisbury. Work on the first section of the building was completed including three and a half bays of the nave with arcades at the sides. This first section was consecrated by Michael Furse, the Bishop of St Albans on 3 May 1924. A tower was intended but was never built. By 1924 the church was becoming too small for its growing congregation and work on an extension began in early 1931,", "id": "1720772" }, { "contents": "Basilica of the Sacred Heart of Jesus, Syracuse\n\n\noriginal church was located across the street from the current structure. The first Mass in the new parish church was said on August 30, 1892, with the formal dedication taking place nearly a year later on June 11, 1893. The congregation outgrew the first church within a decade, and a decision was made to construct a new church. The foundations were built by parishioners in order to save money, and the cornerstone was laid in 1907. Work was completed in three years, and the church was completed and dedicated on", "id": "4119395" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n, side altars and pulpit are made entirely of oak wood and decorated with beautiful German woodcarvings. The church pews are also oak. A Mexican onyx and brass Communion rail was installed over the years and the floor of the sanctuary and aisles is made of black and white marble tiles. St. Stephen's is a fully active Roman Catholic Parish in the Diocese of Cleveland. This means that they have a full parish staff and church council. They have regular Sunday Masses as well as daily Masses. German Mass is offered every first", "id": "19215923" }, { "contents": "Roncesvalles, Toronto\n\n\nWomenpriests at the church. St. Casimir's Polish Roman Catholic Church at Garden Avenue, offers Polish masses on Sundays. Its origins begin in 1944 when the Oblate Mission decided to create the third Polish parish (and first in the west end) in Toronto. The lot on which the church stands today was purchased for $15,000 in 1948 and construction on the parish hall began the same year. The first mass was held in the church hall in 1949. The church was completed and officially began offering mass on May 23,", "id": "3040916" }, { "contents": "Rajavoor\n\n\nSt. Michael's Shrine which is located at the center part of Rajavoor. The annual feast starts on the first Friday of May with a flag hoisting followed by a ten-day Mass and adoration. The eighth, ninth and tenth days are marked with a car procession to St. Michael Archangel, carnival ended with High Mass in front of the Holy Cars. The Roman Catholics and parish are administered by the Kottar Diocese. Another notable church, Our Lady of Presentation (Kaanikkai Maathaa) Church is attached to the Rajavoor Parish as", "id": "4595849" }, { "contents": "Transfiguration Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nBaptist Church in the nearby suburb of Garfield Heights, Ohio, which had a large, new structure. In April 1943, Trinity Baptist Church sold its building to the Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland for $35,000 ($ in dollars). The Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland erected Transfiguration Parish on July 30, 1943. The parish was divided from nearby Immaculate Heart of Mary Church and Shrine Church of St. Stanislaus parishes. Reverend Joseph F. Zabawa was named the pastor of the new congregation, which took up residence in the Trinity", "id": "20542089" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Augustine (Larchmont, New York)\n\n\nThe Church of St. Augustine is a Roman Catholic church located in Larchmont, New York. The parish having been founded in 1892, the present Gothic Revival church building was constructed in 1928. With a growing number of Catholics living in Larchmont, New York—many of them domestic servants who attended Blessed Sacrament Church in New Rochelle or Most Holy Trinity Church in Mamaroneck—the Archbishop of New York, Michael Corrigan, created the parish of St. Augustine was created in 1892. The decision to establish a parish was motivated in part", "id": "19300736" }, { "contents": "St. Barbara Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Barbara Catholic Church () is a parish of the Roman Catholic Church in Cleveland, Ohio, within the Diocese of Cleveland. The parish church is located on Denison Ave. between West 16th St. and the southbound entrance to SR 176, in a part of the Brooklyn Centre neighborhood previously known in Polish as . The red brick parish church, designed by H.C. Gabele, is a local landmark. It is a GNIS named feature. The church, rectory and convent buildings are listed together as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. The", "id": "13695356" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\ntwo years the parishioners worshipped in a hotel before constructing a building at Fourth and Euclid downtown. A fire destroyed the structure before it was completed, but people throughout the city contributed funds to build a brick replacement in 1851. By the 1870s, the streets surrounding the church had become primarily commercial, so the vestry sold the building and rented halls while building the present church eastward on Euclid Avenue. Its placement amid the wealthy Millionaire's Row district soon caused it to become a symbol of the neighborhood. However, the membership", "id": "19215901" }, { "contents": "St Michael the Archangel Church, Chatham\n\n\nHeart Church in Luton. St Paulinus Church was built in 1788 as a Wesleyan Chapel. In 1892, it was bought by the local Catholic Church. Sacred Heart Church was built in 1949. On 26 June 1949, its foundation stone was laid by the parish priest of St Michael's Church. St Paulinus Church has one Sunday Mass at 9:00am. Sacred Heart Church also has one Sunday Mass, it is at 10:30am. St Michael's Church has four Sunday Masses: 6:30pm on Saturday and 9:30am, 11:00am and 6:00pm on", "id": "19228802" }, { "contents": "St Michael and All Angels Church, Kingaroy\n\n\n's construction. Architect Colin Deighton, who was assistant to John Hingeston Buckeridge, the Anglican Diocese of Brisbane Architect between 1887 and 1901, designed the church. Deighton designed a number of country churches and St Colomb's Anglican Church at Clayfield in Brisbane. The foundation stone of St Michael and All Angels Church was laid on 10 November 1910 by the Venerable Arthur Rivers, Archdeacon of Toowoomba. Construction of the building, which was to seat 250 worshippers, began in December 1910 and was completed in 1911. Its cost, including", "id": "3972006" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Catholic Church (Chicago)\n\n\nSt. Michael () is a church of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Chicago. The current church is located at E. 83rd Street and S. South Shore Drive in South Chicago, a neighborhood of Chicago, Illinois. It is a prime example of the so-called \"Polish Cathedral style\" of churches in both its opulence and grand scale. Along with Immaculate Conception, it is one of the two monumental Polish churches dominating over the South Chicago neighborhood. Founded in 1892 as a Polish parish in Chicago to relieve overcrowding at Immaculate", "id": "20616064" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nof St. Stephen's for 38 years. In 1873, Fr. Reichlin realized that a new church building was needed to accommodate the growing parish. The Cleveland-based architect firm called Cudell & Richardson was hired to build the structure that still stands today as St. Stephen's Roman Catholic Church. Due to economic depression in the mid-1870s, work on the new building was stopped. Parishioners mortgaged their own properties to raise funds for the new church. It was dedicated on November 20, 1881 by the second bishop of Cleveland,", "id": "19215919" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church, Madison\n\n\n1992, the parishes of St. Mary's and St. Michael's became one community of faith, with one priest, Father John Meyer, and two church buildings. Saturday night mass was held at St. Michael's for St. Michael's ‘parishioners,’ and on Sunday morning, mass was held at St. Mary's. In 1993, the area's two other Catholic Churches (St. Patrick's and St. Anthony's) were merged with St. Mary's-St. Michael's as well. St. Michael's had extensive roof damage", "id": "2385663" }, { "contents": "St. Michael's Church, Hildesheim\n\n\nin 1010 and dedicated the still unfinished building to Michael on the archangel's feast day, 29 September 1022, just a few weeks before his death. Construction, however, continued under his successor, Bishop Godehard (died 1038), who completed the work in 1031 and reconsecrated the church to Michael on September 29 of that year. The church has double choirs east and west, double tripartite transepts at either end of the nave, and six towers----two large ones over the crossings east and west, and four other tall and", "id": "721679" }, { "contents": "St. Augustine's Catholic Church (Napoleon, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Augustine's Catholic Church is a historic church in Napoleon, Ohio, United States. Located on the edge of the city's downtown, two blocks away from the Henry County Courthouse, the church is a prominent landmark in Napoleon. St. Augustine Parish was founded at some point between 1856 and 1858; its first priest was Michael Pietz. The parish was dedicated to St. Augustine in honor of Augustine Pilliod, who supervised the construction of its first building. This structure was replaced with the current church, which was built at", "id": "13450149" }, { "contents": "Saint Patrick's Church (Dubuque, Iowa)\n\n\nMcCabe was assigned as the first resident pastor. The cornerstone of the present brick church was laid in 1877, and the building dedicated on August 15, 1878. In 1928, the Rev. J.J. Hanley remodeled and enlarged the church. St. Patrick Church was originally built for service to the Irish settlers of Dubuque and while the parish has maintained a healthy respect for its Irish heritage over its many years of service, the parish now specializes in service to the Hispanic residents of Dubuque. The parish offers a Spanish Mass on Sundays,", "id": "20590874" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nsecond parish for German-speaking Catholics. In April 1869 the first bishop of Cleveland, Bishop Louis Amadeus Rappe, appointed Fr. Stephen Falk to have a two-story building built. The building would be used as a church on the upper level and a school on the lower level to accommodate the 200 families from St. Mary's that lived west of 44th Street. The newly ordained Fr. Casimir Reichlin became the first pastor and said the first Mass of the parish on May 1, 1870. He served as pastor", "id": "19215918" }, { "contents": "Immaculate Conception Catholic Church (Fulda, Ohio)\n\n\n. Construction began on a small church building under the ministry of the priest from Miltonsburg, and Archbishop Purcell of Cincinnati dedicated it in 1853. Ten years later, the parishioners constructed a parish school, and a rectory followed in 1866; its large size and pretentious architecture resulted in a high construction cost of $2,500. By this time, the original church building had become entirely inadequate for the needs of the congregation, and replacement plans were laid; the cornerstone was laid in May 1874, and Bishop Rosecrans of Columbus dedicated", "id": "19205436" }, { "contents": "St. Vitus's Church, Cleveland\n\n\nSt. Vitus is a parish of the Roman Catholic Church in Cleveland, Ohio, United States, in the Diocese of Cleveland. The parish church, located at 6019 Lausche Avenue in the St. Clair-Superior neighborhood, was completed in 1932. The first documented Slovenian to settle in the Cleveland area was Joseph Turk, who came about 1883, most likely from Carniola, and settled on Marble Avenue, near the steel mills. He helped organize the Catholic Slovenes in Cleveland, and requested that Bishop Richard Gilmour of Cleveland appoint a", "id": "916020" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Catholic Church (St. Patrick, Ohio)\n\n\nrectory in 1919 to house its pastor; before its construction, St. Patrick's was served by priests from St. Michael's Church in Fort Loramie to the southwest. In 1977, the church and rectory were recorded by the Ohio Historic Inventory for the purpose of historic preservation; both buildings were ranked in good condition without any significant risks. Two years later, they were listed together on the National Register of Historic Places, along with over thirty other buildings in the Land of the Cross-Tipped Churches. When these churches were", "id": "15760892" }, { "contents": "Cathedral of St Michael and St John\n\n\n. In that year work commenced on a permanent church building located on the corner of George and Keppel Streets. St Michael's Church was a Victorian Gothic style building constructed in brick. It was in use by 1841 but appears not to have been completed until 1846 when leadlight windows were installed. Bishop John Bede Polding (1794-1877), first Catholic Archbishop of Sydney, was interested in fostering the English Gothic style of architecture in his diocese. He arranged for plans for significant churches to be prepared by English architects including", "id": "17452035" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Cathedral, Thunder Bay\n\n\n. From there, St. Patrick's Church was one of many churches that was missioned to the First Nations in Northern Ontario, as well as St. Andrew's Church, which was handed over to the diocese in 1997. St. Patrick's was built in 1892, the same year as Thunder Bay was incorporated as a town. The foundation stone was laid on 10 October 1891, and the first Mass was celebrated on 21 August 1892. The Jesuit parish priests made plans for the construction of an elementary school later that decade.", "id": "14488629" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Catholic Church (Toledo, Ohio)\n\n\nfor use in a new building. Fr. Edward Hannin, pastor of St. Patrick's, set out to create \"the finest church in this part of the land,\" for his congregation and began to raise money for construction. When it was completed, St. Patrick's was considered one of the finest examples of Gothic Revival architecture in the United States. The exterior is constructed of Amherst blue sandstone and the interior contains ten red granite columns. The church was dedicated on April 13, 1901. The church underwent extensive", "id": "9145471" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Dayton, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Mary's Catholic Church is a historic Catholic church building in an eastern neighborhood of Dayton, Ohio, United States. Constructed at the beginning of the twentieth century, it remains home to an active parish. Its grand architecture has made it an aviator's landmark, and it has been named a historic site by the federal government. Emanuel Church, the first Catholic parish in Dayton, was formed in 1837. Many English-speaking families left to form a separate parish in 1846, but Emanuel continued growing to the point", "id": "19205373" }, { "contents": "Church of St. James the Less\n\n\nmission. Weekly celebration of Mass resumed on Sundays at 5:00 pm. The breakaway congregation now meets at the Holy Cross Catholic church and is known as the Church of Saint Michael the Archangel. During the controversy, the parish school closed circa 2006. As part of its mandate, Saint Mark's Church began a fundraising effort to open a new parish school to serve this local community. In 2009 and 2010, the St. Mark's congregation (together with St. Francis Episcopal Church in Potomac, Maryland) sponsored Vacation Bible School at", "id": "12322466" }, { "contents": "St. John's Evangelical Lutheran Church (Springfield, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. John's Evangelical Lutheran Church is a historic Lutheran church in downtown Springfield, Ohio, United States. Founded as a German-speaking parish in Springfield's early days, it grew rapidly during its first few decades, and its present large church building was constructed in the 1890s under the direction of one of Springfield's leading architects. The congregation remains in the landmark church building, which has been named a historic site. Springfield's first Lutheran congregation was organized in May 1841, and a separate group of German Lutherans began", "id": "18832000" }, { "contents": "St Michael and St John Church, Clitheroe\n\n\nGrade II listed building. In September 2008, the Jesuits handed the church over to the Diocese of Salford who continue to serve the parish. Two years later, the parish merged with St Mary Queen of Peace Church in Sabden to form the parish of Our Lady of the Valley. St Mary's was built in 1877 and it was made into a parish in 1909, so that the parishioners did not have to travel the sizeable distance to attend Mass in Clitheroe. The parish has two Sunday Masses at St Michael and St", "id": "5090732" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n. St. Paul's church building is one of just six Gothic Revival churches built in Cleveland during the 1870s that survived into the 1980s. At one time considered Cleveland's grandest and largest church, it is distinguished by the unusual architecture of the peak of the bell tower, and the open interior features extensive detailing, along with seating for one thousand worshippers. Covered with sandstone from Berea, the building was a work of Gordon W. Lloyd, a Detroit architect who also produced grand churches in Ohio cities of various sizes, ranging", "id": "19215903" }, { "contents": "St. Aloysius' Catholic Church (Carthagena, Ohio)\n\n\nerected in 1865. In their earliest years, the people worshipped in the chapel of the adjacent St. Charles Seminary. Throughout its history, the church has been significantly influenced by the seminary, which trained the priests of the Missionaries of the Precious Blood and provided pastors for the church. As its membership grew, the parish decided to construct a church building. Plans were laid and construction began in 1875; the cornerstone was laid in May 1877, and the church was consecrated on June 30, 1878; the parishioners had performed", "id": "20255448" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Church (Monroe, Michigan)\n\n\nto come. St. Michael Church is located along the River Raisin on West Front Street in the city of Monroe, MI. The 183 foot steeple isn't hard to miss. When you come into Monroe you can easily see St. Michael's A tradition at St. Michael Church is the parish prayer. It is said before the beginning of every mass. It reads: \"Lord, God, we glorify Your holy name and thank you for calling us, the people of Saint Michael the Archangel Parish, to be one in", "id": "12346363" }, { "contents": "St Michael and All Angels Church, Barton Turf\n\n\nSt Michael and All Angels is the Church of England parish church of Barton Turf in the county of Norfolk in England. See Inside here. It stands about a kilometre south-west of the village in the midst of a plantation of trees. Particularly notable for its surviving paintings, the church is listed with Grade I. The building was at first constructed in rather an undistinguished Perpendicular style, possessing a tower at the west end of the church. The church is best known for the twelve panels of its late-Gothic rood", "id": "15249529" }, { "contents": "St Michael and All Angels' Church, Haworth\n\n\nSt Michael and All Angels' Church is the Church of England parish church of Haworth, West Yorkshire. The current structure, the third church building on the site, was built between 1879 and 1881 although parts of the original medieval church building, notably the tower, survive from earlier periods. The church is best known for its historic association with the Brontë sisters whose father Revd. Patrick Brontë served as minister of the parish between 1820 and 1861. A chapel has existed on the site since 1488, though records held at", "id": "17201346" }, { "contents": "St. Peter Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Peter Church (), is a Catholic parish church in Cleveland, Ohio and part of the Diocese of Cleveland. Founded in , it is located at the intersection of Superior Ave. near East 17th St., in the Downtown neighborhood. The church is a longstanding city landmark; George Francis Houck, then the Chancellor, wrote in 1903 that, \"One of the landmarks of the city and Diocese of Cleveland is St. Peter's Church.\" It is listed as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. It is also a named", "id": "13925952" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Church (Monroe, Michigan)\n\n\n. It was used as a church on the first floor and on the second it was used for the school. Later it would only be used as St. Michael School. Then in 1866 the cornerstone for the present church was laid. The large 187 foot steeple wasn't added until 1883. In 1874 the 3-story rectory was built east of the church. In 1918 the parish built the present building of St. Michael School which is now a part of Monroe Catholic Elementary Schools. The movement to establish the parish started in 1845", "id": "12346356" }, { "contents": "St. Casimir Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nRichard Gilmour for permission to form a new parish and build a church for their own use. In December 1891, Monsignor Felix Boff, V.G., administrator of the diocese, granted the required permission. Those parishioners left to form St. Casimir Church in 1891. The parish was founded in 1891 — about 44 years after the Diocese of Cleveland was erected by Pope Pius IX. In December, 1891, Boff appointed Father Benedict Rosinski, pastor of St. Adalbert's, Berea, Ohio, to take charge of the mission. On", "id": "12488231" }, { "contents": "St James' Church, Forest Gate\n\n\nSt James' Church, Forest Gate was a church in Forest Gate, east London. Its origins lay in an iron building constructed around 1870 to serve a conventional district. A parish was formed for it in 1881 from those of Emmanuel Church, All Saints and St John's and its permanent church completed the following year, with an organ moved from St Matthew's Church, Friday Street. The church was demolished in 1964 and for two years its congregation worshiped in the Durning Hall Community Centre's chapel until the parish was", "id": "17208906" }, { "contents": "North Presbyterian Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nNorth Presbyterian Church is a historic Presbyterian church on the east side of Cleveland, Ohio, United States. Constructed in the 1880s, the church building has been named a historic site. Throughout its history, the congregation has been focused on Sunday school work. North Presbyterian Church developed out of a mission Sunday school established in east-side Cleveland in 1859. The local presbytery organized a congregation out of the Sunday school in 1867, and within a short while, the new congregation formed the first of two mission Sunday schools in", "id": "19215693" }, { "contents": "St. Vitus's Church, Cleveland\n\n\nVitus to work on the interior. It was finished for the centennial celebration of the parish later that year. St. Vitus remains a strong parish, but Fr. Božnar works with Bishop Lennon's programs to cluster parishes in order to increase strength for inner-city parishes. The church building of St. Vitus itself is constructed in the Lombard-Roman style with pale yellow Falston brick. It is 141 feet long and 100 feet wide with an attached parish house on its west side. Its two Romanesque bell towers reach 110 feet", "id": "916027" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Michael (St. Michael, Minnesota)\n\n\nof the church came from Saint John's Abbey in Collegeville. In 1866 a new church was built in the center of the town and served for about 25 years. In 1890 the parish built a Gothic Revival building, which was the largest church in Wright County at the time. The building features ornate statues and German woodcarvings. Although the parish had a mostly German ethnicity for many years, since 1985 the number of families in the parish doubled, and it no longer appears to be an ethnic parish. In 2004 the", "id": "1327870" }, { "contents": "St. Thomas Church (Underhill, Vermont)\n\n\nSt. Thomas Church is a Roman Catholic church in the Town of Underhill, Vermont in the United States, located in the unincorporated village of \"Underhill Center\". The church was built from 1891-92 after its predecessor had burned down on 19 December 1890. The cornerstone for the current St. Thomas Church building was laid on 12 August 1891 at an event that had an estimated 1,000 attendees. Although the construction period spanned from 1 May 1891 until December 1892, the first Mass was nevertheless held in the basement of the church", "id": "6739395" }, { "contents": "St. William Parish (Lawncrest)\n\n\n1950s and 60's, saw many changes come to the physical plant of the Parish that reflected the housing boom of the area, the economic upswing of the times and the growing parish population. Many of the original \"Motley Buildings\" were completely replaced. The Middle School (Junior High/Upper School) building was built and later an additional floor was added. When consideration was had for the completion of the Upper Church, it was found that the basement church was not structurally sufficient to support additional construction. In 1955", "id": "10364503" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Michael the Archangel, Katowice\n\n\nChurch of St. Michael Archangel () is one of the oldest buildings in Katowice. It's located in Kościuszko Park, where it was moved in 1938 from the village Syrynia, where it was originally constructed in 1510. It is under the invocation of St. Michael. It has end-fitted log framework construction and shingled roof. Free-standing belltower was completed before 1679; it has historic lych-gate and wooden fence around the churchyard. The church of St. Michael Archangel was first built in 1305 in Syrynia, near", "id": "21359049" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Catholic Church (St. Patrick, Ohio)\n\n\n's was closely connected to many other churches in western Ohio: wide areas of western Ohio that were primarily settled by Catholics feature large churches at sparsely-populated crossroads. While most of these churches are constructed in the Gothic Revival style of architecture, some of the newer churches of the region — including St. Patrick's — appear in a variety of styles; St. Patrick's was one of the few that lacked the high steeples of the Gothic Revival structures. The leading role of these churches in western Shelby County and the lands", "id": "15760890" }, { "contents": "St Michael's Roman Catholic Church, Linlithgow\n\n\nchildren the congregation capitalised on the spirit of cooperation and community and set out to build a school. Located on a site next to the church St. Joseph's school was opened on 1 July 1889 and served the children of the parish until 1964 when new premises were occupied at Preston Road. Although during this time Fr Easson had replaced Fr Murphy as parish priest there was no change of emphasis and all the parish energies were engaged in the effort to complete the church building programme. Plans to double the size of the church were", "id": "17679127" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Delaware, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Mary's Catholic Church is a historic Catholic parish church in the city of Delaware, Ohio, United States. Constructed in the 1880s, this grand building is home to a congregation established in the middle of the nineteenth century. Its grand style has long made it a community landmark, and it was named a historic landmark in 1980. Delaware's first Masses were celebrated by travelling priests in the homes of the city's few Catholics, most of whom were Irish or German immigrants. The members built the first St. Mary", "id": "2642749" }, { "contents": "Church of the Resurrection (Rye, New York)\n\n\nin 1881 at the intersection of Purchase Street and the Boston Post Road, where services were then offered. The parish was incorporated on January 29, 1886, and title to the property was transferred from the archdiocese to the parish itself. A new church building was completed in 1889 on Purchase Street, while the former building was used as the rectory. Thereafter, construction of a parochial school on the Boston Post Road began in 1906 and was completed two years later. With the number of parishioners growing, the church purchased land", "id": "19300829" }, { "contents": "Near North Side, Chicago\n\n\n, most of this area was an enclave to the first emigrants from Puerto Rico to Chicago, who referred to it as part of \"La Clark\" until commercialization decorated late 1960s shop signs with the name of Old Town. The neighborhood is home to St. Michael's Church, originally built to serve German immigrants, and one of only 7 to survive the great Chicago fire. St. Michael's, Holy Name Cathedral, Immaculate Conception, and St. Joseph's Catholic churches all catered to Latinos with a Mass in Spanish. Many", "id": "1540930" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Massillon, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Mary's Catholic Church is a historic Catholic church building in the city of Massillon, Ohio, United States. Constructed in 1876 for a congregation composed largely of European immigrants, it has been named a historic site. The origins of St. Mary parish lie among numerous Germans and Irish who settled in Massillon in its early years and built a small house of worship on Cherry Road in the 1840s. This building stood until 1875, when it was destroyed so that the present church might occupy its location; it was built in", "id": "19205828" }, { "contents": "St. Anne Church (Berlin, New Hampshire)\n\n\nSt. Anne Church is a historic church at 58 Church Street in Berlin, New Hampshire, United States. It is the church for Good Shepherd Parish within the Roman Catholic Diocese of Manchester. St. Anne Parish was founded in 1867, and was Berlin's first Roman Catholic congregation. It was merged with Guardian Angel Parish, St. Joseph Parish, and St. Kieran Parish in 2000 to form Good Shepherd Parish. Its building, constructed in 1900, is an important local example of Romanesque architecture, and was listed on the National Register", "id": "2452362" }, { "contents": "St. Peter Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n, put up by Luhr, was torn down and replaced by a large pastoral residence adjoining the rear of the church, at a cost of $12,000. In the same year a third story was added to St. Peter's school building, and arranged for a parish hall, containing a stage and other conveniences, at a cost of $10,000. In the synod of January 3, 1889, St. Peter's congregation was the first mentioned among the nine principal churches of the diocese which Gilmour named as rectorates, with an", "id": "13925965" }, { "contents": "Trinity Cathedral (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nfirst church building built within the village limits of Cleveland. In 1846, to meet the needs of a growing parish, plans for a larger, centralized building just east of Public Square commenced. The congregation moved into the larger stone structure in the Gothic style on Superior Avenue in 1855. In 1890, Trinity Church was offered to Bishop William A. Leonard for use as a cathedral for the Diocese of Ohio. The congregation would maintain the building and it would serve dual roles as the parish church and cathedral for the diocese.", "id": "19215933" }, { "contents": "St. Andrew's Cathedral (Jackson, Mississippi)\n\n\nat the time that was not located along the Mississippi River. Its church was burned by the Union Army during the American Civil War in 1863. The cornerstone for the second church was laid by the Rt. Rev. William Mercer Green in 1869. By the turn of the Twentieth Century the congregation had outgrown its church building and the present structure was completed in 1903. The Parish House was constructed between 1923 and 1924. The congregation continued to grow and the building along West Street was built in 1955. The bishop moved his", "id": "20556538" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Evansville, Indiana)\n\n\nservice in the first church building was held on April 15, 1883. While construction ensued, a congregant and frequent benefactor, Charles Viele, offered the use of Viele Hall (located on 2nd street between Main and Sycamore streets) to St. Paul's parish. The cornerstone for new St. Paul's was laid on September 3, 1883, and construction completed on March 2, 1886 with Bishop D.B. Knickerbacker consecrating the new building. Charles and Mary Viele continued to sponsor further construction on the church grounds - first with a rectory", "id": "20407572" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Church (Monroe, Michigan)\n\n\nSaint Michael the Archangel Church (St. Michael Church) is located on the west side of the city of Monroe, Michigan along the River Raisin. It is home to 1,200 families and it is one of most important religious institutes in Monroe County. It was founded in the year 1852. The present building was built from 1866-1867. It is in the Archdiocese of Detroit. Its current priest is Rev. Phillip Ching. When the parish was first established, the mayor of Monroe palatial residence was remodeled as a temporary church", "id": "12346355" }, { "contents": "St. Mary Congregational Church\n\n\nSt. Mary Congregational Church in Abbeville, Louisiana is the oldest incorporated, predominantly African-American church in Vermilion Parish. Its historic Gothic Revival style church at 213 S. Louisiana Avenue, constructed in 1905 to replace a previous building, was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1999. American Missionary Association records show the congregation dates to at least 1877. The structure is a three-bay, gable-fronted church with a prominent corner tower. The tower is three-stage and square. The church is currently non", "id": "17676536" }, { "contents": "St. Charles of the Valley Catholic Church and Rectory\n\n\nSt. Charles Borromeo Church is a Catholic parish in Hailey, Idaho, in the Diocese of Boise. Its historic parish church and rectory complex, located at Pine and S. 1st Streets, is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Fr. E.M. Nattini began ministering in the Wood River Valley in the 1880s. The population was growing rapidly, and he was soon able to raise funds for the construction of the first church of St. Charles, which began June 17, 1883. It was the first Catholic church ineast of", "id": "20581174" }, { "contents": "Sacred Heart Catholic Church (Dayton, Ohio)\n\n\nprompted some of the members to leave in July 1883 and establish Sacred Heart Church; under the leadership of St. Joseph's associate pastor Hugh McDevitt, the congregation rented a meeting hall while waiting for the construction of their building. Land for the present church was purchased for $19,000, and William Henry Elder laid the cornerstone in June 1888. Exterior work was completed in the following year, and by 1893 construction was close enough to completion that the congregation could begin worshipping in their building. The building was consecrated by Bishop Maes", "id": "22206155" }, { "contents": "St. Vincent de Paul Church (Pontiac, Michigan)\n\n\n. The church continued to grow, and in the 1880s, the Reverend Fridolin Baumgartner began raising funds for the construction of the present church. The congregation hired the Detroit architecture firm of Donaldson & Meier to design the church, and the cornerstone was laid on September 6, 1885. The church was dedicated two years later, on September 18, 1887. A 6600-pound bell was installed in the church in 1890. A rectory was constructed in 1895, a school building was added in 1897, and a parish hall in 1911", "id": "19268922" }, { "contents": "St. Boniface Roman Catholic Church\n\n\npopulation on the west side. In 1873, a two-story, red brick Italianate rectory building was built for the parish at a cost of $6,000. A stone church building was planned by the prominent local architect William M. Scott, and construction was completed in 1883 at a cost of $30,000. The parish was closed in 1989, and the building was demolished a few years later. St. Boniface Church was an eclectic example of Romanesque Revival and Ruskinian Gothic architecture. It was built in a cruciform shape from red", "id": "9736494" } ]

[ { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nchurch congregation reached its peak size in the 1950, when only 25% of the parishioners were of German descent. The first Spanish Mass was said in 1971 for the growing number of Hispanic parishioners. The congregation now is mostly Latin American. The church now offers Masses in both English and Spanish. An annual Good Friday Procession begins or ends at St. Michael's. St Michael's and La Sagrada Familia church alternate every year to begin or end at one of the two churches. There is a stop at St Patrick's", "id": "19125747" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nwhile the new building was under construction. The current church, which had its cornerstone laid in 1889, was completed five years ahead of schedule in 1892. The church building is considered a good example of High Victorian Gothic architecture with its two towers of unequal height, the taller of which rises , and three archways. An architecturally notable school adjacent to the church began construction in 1906 and was completed in 1907. For many years the church was one of the most costly and artistically notable churches in the Cleveland Diocese. The", "id": "19125746" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Michael the Archangel is a Roman Catholic church located at 3114 Scranton Road in the Clark-Fulton neighborhood on the west side of Cleveland, Ohio. The church is named in honor of St. Michael the Archangel and was completed in 1892. The congregation was founded in 1881 as a mission of Ohio City, Cleveland's St. Mary's on-the-Flats to serve a growing German immigrant population on Cleveland's west side. The original church and school building were constructed in 1883 but burned on June 29, 1891,", "id": "19125745" }, { "contents": "St. John's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n's. Trinity Cathedral is now the seat of the Episcopal Diocese of Ohio. St. John's was also the mother church to several of the west side parishes. In 1837, the Ohio City Directory described the church as follows, \"The Episcopal Church, which is not yet finished, is built of hammered stone, and has a lofty steeple. Its style of architecture is Gothic, resembling that of the ancient and venerable Cathedral. This building, when finished, will be one of the best of the kind in the", "id": "18742416" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cincinnati, Ohio)\n\n\n1847. The cornerstone was laid August 1, 1847 and the church dedicated June 4, 1848. Rev. Fr. Zoppoth was selected as the first pastor for the congregation. In 1868 St. Michael Church became the mother parish to St. Lawrence Church which was organized that same year. The Comboni Missionaries took charge of the parish in 1964. By this time many of the German-speaking families in the parish had begun to move to other parts of the city. In a mass celebrated by Daniel Edward Pilarczyk the church building was", "id": "11338583" }, { "contents": "St. Columba Cathedral (Youngstown, Ohio)\n\n\nThe first Mass celebrated in Youngstown occurred in 1826. St. Columba Parish was founded in 1847, the year that Pope Pius IX established the Diocese of Cleveland, of which Youngstown was a part. The first church was completed in 1850. As the parish grew, it required a larger church, which it completed in 1868. The first parish school building was opened three years later. The parish continued to grow and constructed yet another church which opened in 1897. Bishop Ignatius Horstmann consecrated the sanctuary in 1903. The parish added", "id": "13619245" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Stephen Church is a Roman Catholic church located in the Detroit-Shoreway neighborhood on the west side of Cleveland, Ohio. The gothic style building was designed by architects Cudell & Richardson. The current church was built in 1875 and was added into the National Register of Historic Places in 1977. St. Stephen Roman Catholic Church was founded in 1869 due to a need for a second German parish on the west side of Cleveland. The first German parish, St. Mary's, increased so much that Cleveland was in need of a", "id": "19215917" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cincinnati, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Michael the Archangel Church is a Roman Catholic church located at 2110 St. Michael Street, in Cincinnati, Ohio. The cornerstone of this church was laid in 1847 and the church dedicated a year later. The church closed April 5, 1998. As the tide of German immigrants continued to rise in Cincinnati, more churches were needed. Holy Trinity Church was the first German speaking parish. As the city grew in three directions; north, east and west; there were three parishes which descended from that parish Old St. Mary", "id": "11338581" }, { "contents": "St. John's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. John's Episcopal Church is located at 2600 Church Avenue in the Ohio City neighborhood of Cleveland, Ohio. St. John's is the oldest consecrated building in Cuyahoga county. This stone gothic revival church building was designed by Hezekiah Eldredge and built beginning in 1836 and was completed 1838. Eldridge was probably familiar with John Henry Hopkins' \"An Essay on Gothic Architecture\", the first book on Gothic ecclesiastical architecture to be published in the United States. St. John's is a good representative of a small group of American churches", "id": "18742414" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland Heights, Ohio)\n\n\nFairmount Blvd, it is a contributing property in the Fairmount Boulevard District, which is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. St. Paul's was first established in the city of Cleveland, Ohio on October 26, 1846. The congregation did not have its own building until 1851, as a frame building completed in 1849 burned completely. A small brick church in the Gothic Revival style was completed for the parish at Euclid and Sheriff (East 4th) Streets by 1858. St. Paul's congregation outgrew the church, however", "id": "18644038" }, { "contents": "Irvington, Baltimore\n\n\nPassion\", marking the beginning of St. Joseph's Monastery Parish. Construction of a new, larger church began in 1881 and was completed in 1883. Its cornerstone was placed by Cardinal James Gibbons. The original monastery, beside the church, burned down in 1883. A new monastery was completed in 1886. The monastery chapel is extant and contains an 1887 Niemann pipe organ. The congregation of St. Joseph's Monastery Parish outgrew their church building in the following century. In 1931, Archbishop Michael Joseph Curley placed the cornerstone for", "id": "5906170" }, { "contents": "St. Theodosius Russian Orthodox Cathedral\n\n\nSt. Theodosius Cathedral is an Orthodox church located on Starkweather Avenue in the Tremont neighborhood, on the near west side of Cleveland, Ohio. It is considered one of the best examples of Russian church architecture in the U.S. and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The parish is the first Orthodox parish in Cleveland and is currently under the jurisdiction of the Diocese of the Midwest of the Orthodox Church in America. St. Theodosius is perhaps best known for its appearance in the 1978 film, \"The Deer Hunter\" with", "id": "13141384" }, { "contents": "St. Casimir Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nBoth the church building and the school building are GNIS named features. The church building is listed as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. To provide properly for the large and steadily increasing number of Poles in the north-eastern part of Cleveland it was necessary to organize them into the third Polish congregation within the limits of the city. They lived too far away from St. Stanislaus Church, with which they had been affiliated, for them to conveniently either attend Mass or for their children to attend the parish school. They therefore petitioned Bishop", "id": "12488230" }, { "contents": "St. Henry's Catholic Church (Harriettsville, Ohio)\n\n\nChurch in Fulda in order to hear Mass. Virtually all of the members in the early decades were Germans or of German descent. A parish school was formed in the late 1870s, and in its first twenty years, the parish grew fourfold in membership. This growth caused the original church building to be too small: land for a new building was purchased in 1879, and construction finished in 1894. St. Henry's Church is a stone building in the Gothic Revival style; the most prominent component is a multi-story tower", "id": "19205430" }, { "contents": "St. Michael's Church, Old Town, Chicago\n\n\nSt. Michael's Church in the Old Town neighborhood of Chicago is a Roman Catholic church staffed by the Redemptorist order of priests. The parish was founded to minister to German Catholic immigrants in 1852 with its first wooden church completed that year at a cost of $750 (including the bell). The building stands at the intersection of Eugenie Street and Cleveland Avenue. The church was built as a haven for German immigrants who were outcasts in Old Chicago. In addition, the town's main church, St. Joseph's Church,", "id": "10838314" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cincinnati, Ohio)\n\n\n's Church, St. Philomena's Church and St. Joseph's Church. The three parishes were founded in 1840, 1846 and 1846 respectively. As more immigration followed, St. Michael's was founded, the first filial parish of St. Joseph. The parish was located to what was then called Storrs Township. Forty-five persons organized themselves into a congregation in the early part of 1847 and drew up a constitution for the church A lot was donated by Innocent Troenle and two additional adjacent pieces of property were bought in April and May", "id": "11338582" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Michael and St. Anthony\n\n\ntoday to mostly Poles and Italians. The church has also been noted for its Byzantine Revival architecture, complete with a dome and minaret-styled tower, making it \"one of the more unique examples of church architecture in Montréal.\" Construction on the Church of St. Michael the Archangel began in 1914, for what would grow to become the largest anglophone parish in Montreal. After a brief delay following the commencement of World War I, the church was completed in 1915 at a cost of $232,000, with a capacity of", "id": "10850773" }, { "contents": "Zion Lutheran Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nother Cleveland-area Lutheran congregations, including Trinity Lutheran Church, are Zion's daughters. The original church building was located downtown, but the east-side German community was strong enough by 1902 that the congregation deemed Prospect Avenue a better location for serving the community. From its earliest years, the congregation had sponsored a school; Zion Lutheran School was founded in 1848, at which time all scholars were instructed in German. The school moved to Prospect Avenue ahead of the church; the present building was completed in 1903,", "id": "19215937" }, { "contents": "St. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\non their behalf with papal authorities, and Charles Boehm of Hungary settled in Cleveland in late 1892 to serve the new St. Elizabeth parish, the first Hungarian nationality parish in America. Boehm immediately began registering members and advocating for the construction of a church complex; the first church building, a brick structure, was erected by the end of 1893, a school soon followed, and a larger school was completed in 1900 because of expanded enrollment. He also began a Hungarian-language parish newspaper that soon gained subscribers in other parts", "id": "19215854" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church, Madison\n\n\ndying Catholics (he was a doctor as well). Costigan is believed to have been the Catholic architect of the church. Costigan was only recorded as being a member of the parish during the construction, but details of the church building mirror his other buildings in Madison. In December 1839 St. Michael the Archangel Catholic Church was completed. As the City of Madison grew, so did its Catholic population. German–Catholics had increased highly in numbers and had formed a separate congregation within St. Michael's. In 1850, the", "id": "2385658" }, { "contents": "Pilgrim Congregational Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nonly a short time, as construction on the present building was started just 23 years after the first building was finished. The name \"Pilgrim Congregational Church\" was adopted in 1894 upon the completion of the present building; they had been styled \"Heights Congregational Church\" into the 1870s and used the name \"Jennings Avenue Congregational Church\" in the 1880s. The building was a community landmark from its earliest years — electric wiring was included in the original construction at a time when no other Cleveland buildings west of the Cuyahoga River", "id": "19215839" }, { "contents": "St. Monica Church (Manhattan)\n\n\nin 1880 he began conducting Mass over a feed store at 404 East 78th Street. The following year, he purchased land for the construction of the church and school. Construction of the first church building was completed in 1883. In 1892, the address was listed as 409 E 79th Street. The Rev. John J. Boyle served as acting rector at St. Monica's before becoming the founding pastor of St. Luke's Church (Bronx, New York). The current Gothic Revival church building was erected in 1906 to the designs of", "id": "18565781" }, { "contents": "Annunciation Church (historic) (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nAnnunciation Church (historic) (), was a Catholic parish church in Cleveland, Ohio and part of the Diocese of Cleveland. It was located at the intersection of Hurd St. and Moore St., now part of the West Side Market parking lot, in the Ohio City neighborhood. The location where the church once stood can be found, in an 1881 atlas, at the south-west corner of Hurd St. and Moore St., on the west bank of the Cuyahoga river above part of the Flats historically known as Ox", "id": "14549709" }, { "contents": "Sacred Heart of Jesus Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n. Between 1885 and 1889 a large number of Poles settled in South Cleveland, in the area of East 71st St. and Harvard Ave. They lived too far away from St. Stanislaus church for them to conveniently either attend Mass or for their children to attend the parish school. They petitioned Bishop Richard Gilmour for permission to form a new parish and build a church for their own use. The petition to form a new parish and build a church was granted, and the parish was founded in  — about 42 years after the Diocese", "id": "12287909" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland Heights, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Paul's Episcopal Church is a parish of the Episcopal Church in Cleveland Heights, Ohio. The current rector is the Rev. Jeanne Leinbach, installed on October 23, 2015. She is the first female rector of St. Paul's. Her predecessor was the Rev. Alan M. Gates, who served from 2004-2014, before his election as Bishop of Massachusetts. St. Paul's is a leading church and has the largest congregation in the Episcopal Diocese of Ohio. The church building is a Cleveland Heights landmark. Located at 2747", "id": "18644037" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nRev. Richard Gilmour. Volunteer German and Hungarian woodworkers completed the interior of the church. Over the next 40 years, the parish added a rectory, convent for the Sisters of Notre Dame and two school buildings including one for and an all girls two-year high school which opened in 1905. After World War II, St. Stephen's parish experienced unprecedented growth due to the population growth in Cleveland and throughout the country. On June 8, 1953 a tornado severely damaged the church structure. Work to restore the building began immediately", "id": "19215920" }, { "contents": "Cathedral of St. John the Evangelist (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nstyle and the Bishop laid the cornerstone October 22, 1848. Until the new building was completed in 1852, St. Mary's served as cathedral for the diocese. At the time of its completion, the new cathedral was the well beyond Cleveland's Public Square. Alterations and additions began on the church almost as soon as the initial construction was complete. In 1857, a boys' school was added and within ten years, it was joined by a parish hall and girls' school. In 1879, the parish raised sufficient", "id": "10656550" }, { "contents": "St. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nthe present building. Although the cornerstone was laid in 1918, the construction process was lengthy, and it was finally completed only in 1922. Built primarily of limestone, according to a design of Cleveland architect Emile Uhlrich, the church is an example of Italian-influenced Baroque Revival architecture, partly modelled after the church of Sant'Agnese in Agone in Rome. Two great towers, topped with cupolas, form the ends of the facade, while a great rose window sits in the middle section of the facade high above the main entrance", "id": "19215857" }, { "contents": "St. Nicholas' Catholic Church (Osgood, Ohio)\n\n\nnearby villages; St. Augustine's Church in Minster and St. Michael's Church in Fort Loramie were established by 1850, but the foundations of a parish in Osgood were not laid until 1904, and formal establishment of the parish came in 1906. In its earliest years, the Mass was celebrated in common buildings; after worshipping for a time in a school, the parishioners purchased a barn for ecclesiastical purposes. For many years, the improvement of the parish's facilities was hindered by its size; the fewness of its members meant", "id": "421917" }, { "contents": "Union–Miles Park\n\n\na congregation for African Americans, was founded 1914, and erected its first church building and school in 1916 at what is now Union Avenue and Martin Luther King Drive. The congregation that formed Archangel Michael Orthodox Church ( St. Michael's Orthodox Church) split from St. John the Baptist Orthodox Church in 1921. It began construction of its new church home at 10000 Union Avenue in April 1924, completing the structure in 1926. Although the long-standing Cataract House closed in 1917, the first Union–Miles Park movie theater,", "id": "20793486" }, { "contents": "St. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church is a historic Roman Catholic church in the Buckeye Road neighborhood on the east side of Cleveland, Ohio, United States. The earliest ethnic parish established for Hungarians in the United States, its present building was constructed in the early twentieth century, and it has been named a historic site. Cleveland's first Hungarian Catholics initially worshipped at St. Ladislaus' Church, an east-side Slovakian parish, but ethnic strife and increasing immigration prompted the Hungarian community to seek their own parish. Bishop Horstmann interceded", "id": "19215853" }, { "contents": "Sacred Heart of Jesus Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSacred Heart of Jesus (), was a Catholic parish church in Cleveland, Ohio and part of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland. It was located at the north-west corner of intersection of East 71st St. and Kazimier St., in a part of the South Broadway neighborhood previously known in Polish as \"\" and nicknamed \"Goosetown\". Both the church building and the school building are GNIS named features. The church, school, and rectory buildings are listed together as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. The church was closed", "id": "12287908" }, { "contents": "St. Mary Mother of the Redeemer Church (Norwalk, Ohio)\n\n\nSaint Mary Mother of the Redeemer Church is a parish in the Roman Catholic Diocese of Toledo. The current church is located at 38 W. League Street, Norwalk, Ohio. Construction on the building began on May 29, 1889, and was completed in 1894. The church was previously twinned with St. Alphonsus in Peru, Ohio, but was later twinned with St. Anthony in Milan, Ohio, after a mass restructuring of the diocese. The Century House was a name given to several buildings, now all demolished, within the", "id": "21671394" }, { "contents": "Pilgrim Congregational Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nPilgrim Congregational Church is a historic congregation of the United Church of Christ in Cleveland, Ohio, United States. Constructed in the 1890s for a congregation founded in the 1850s, it was named a historic site in the 1970s. Congregationalists began operating a Sunday school in Cleveland's Tremont neighborhood in 1854, and their efforts resulted in the creation of a church five years later. The members began construction of their first church building in 1865, although it was not completed until 1870. It was suitable for the congregation's needs for", "id": "19215838" }, { "contents": "Sidney Mason Stone\n\n\n; St. Patrick's Church, New Haven (1853) constructed of East Haven sandstone;First Congregational Church, Naugatuck, CT (1855) and Wooster Place Congregational Church, Wooster Square, New Haven (1855) (now the Church of St. Michael) the original design for which featured a Corinthian portico and tall steeple. In \"New Haven: A Guide to Architecture and Urban Design\", Brown remarks on St. Michael's, “The building has burned twice, the steeple blown down once...Only the side walls and tall", "id": "165241" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Dayton, Ohio)\n\n\ncentury, the parish had outgrown it, and construction began on a new building; Archbishop Moeller laid the cornerstone in July 1905 and consecrated it in November 1906. Growth continued, and St. Anthony's Church was established in 1913 by families coming out of St. Mary's. St. Mary's remains an active part of the Archdiocese of Cincinnati to the present day. Masses are celebrated both in English and in Spanish. The current St. Mary's Church is a Romanesque Revival structure built in a mix of brick and stone. Constructed", "id": "19205375" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Indianapolis, Indiana)\n\n\nuntil the Diocese of Indianapolis established Holy Rosary Catholic Church, an Italian national parish in Indianapolis in 1911. After the turn of the century, when the neighborhood become commercial, the parish purchased property at New Jersey and Vermont streets, where they built the present church, which was under construction from 1910 to 1912. St. Mary's adapted to its changing ethnic neighborhood over the years. In 1967, as the city's Spanish-speaking community began to grow, the parish began offering Sunday mass in Spanish. German-language", "id": "3660949" }, { "contents": "St. John's Catholic Church (Fryburg, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. John Catholic Church is a Roman Catholic church in the unincorporated community of Fryburg in Pusheta Township, Auglaize County, Ohio, United States. The parish was established in 1848, the same year in which the community was platted, and construction was completed in 1850. A Catholic school in connection with the church was established in 1877. Both buildings feature fine architecture: the church includes Gothic Revival elements such as ornate pilasters and lancet windows, while the former school is a good example of Federal architecture. St. John's is", "id": "11283325" }, { "contents": "St. Augustine Parish (Hartford, Connecticut)\n\n\nSt. Augustine Parish is a Roman Catholic parish located in Hartford, Connecticut. In addition to a church, the parish also administers a school, St. Augustine School. St. Augustine Parish was established in August 1902 with Fr. Michael Barry appointed as its first pastor. At that time, a church building had not yet been constructed so mass was offered at the Washington Street School until a basement chapel was completed in 1903. The current Romanesque-style church was completed in 1912 and dedicated by Bishop John J. Nilan of the then", "id": "21104070" }, { "contents": "Zion Lutheran Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nFirst Methodist, Trinity Cathedral, and St. Paul's Episcopal Church on Euclid Avenue. This condition persisted into the mid-1910s, at which point the neighborhood transitioned into a largely commercial area. Beginning after 1930, the neighborhood deteriorated as many buildings were demolished, often to create room for parking lots. In such an environment Zion Lutheran Church was constructed in 1902 and opened for public use in the following year. It is home to a congregation founded by German immigrants in 1843, the oldest extant Lutheran congregation in the city; many", "id": "19215936" }, { "contents": "Church of St Paul, Letchworth\n\n\nallow construction of the new church to begin, with the foundation stone being laid on 10 October 1923 by the Marchioness of Salisbury. Work on the first section of the building was completed including three and a half bays of the nave with arcades at the sides. This first section was consecrated by Michael Furse, the Bishop of St Albans on 3 May 1924. A tower was intended but was never built. By 1924 the church was becoming too small for its growing congregation and work on an extension began in early 1931,", "id": "1720772" }, { "contents": "Basilica of the Sacred Heart of Jesus, Syracuse\n\n\noriginal church was located across the street from the current structure. The first Mass in the new parish church was said on August 30, 1892, with the formal dedication taking place nearly a year later on June 11, 1893. The congregation outgrew the first church within a decade, and a decision was made to construct a new church. The foundations were built by parishioners in order to save money, and the cornerstone was laid in 1907. Work was completed in three years, and the church was completed and dedicated on", "id": "4119395" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n, side altars and pulpit are made entirely of oak wood and decorated with beautiful German woodcarvings. The church pews are also oak. A Mexican onyx and brass Communion rail was installed over the years and the floor of the sanctuary and aisles is made of black and white marble tiles. St. Stephen's is a fully active Roman Catholic Parish in the Diocese of Cleveland. This means that they have a full parish staff and church council. They have regular Sunday Masses as well as daily Masses. German Mass is offered every first", "id": "19215923" }, { "contents": "Roncesvalles, Toronto\n\n\nWomenpriests at the church. St. Casimir's Polish Roman Catholic Church at Garden Avenue, offers Polish masses on Sundays. Its origins begin in 1944 when the Oblate Mission decided to create the third Polish parish (and first in the west end) in Toronto. The lot on which the church stands today was purchased for $15,000 in 1948 and construction on the parish hall began the same year. The first mass was held in the church hall in 1949. The church was completed and officially began offering mass on May 23,", "id": "3040916" }, { "contents": "Rajavoor\n\n\nSt. Michael's Shrine which is located at the center part of Rajavoor. The annual feast starts on the first Friday of May with a flag hoisting followed by a ten-day Mass and adoration. The eighth, ninth and tenth days are marked with a car procession to St. Michael Archangel, carnival ended with High Mass in front of the Holy Cars. The Roman Catholics and parish are administered by the Kottar Diocese. Another notable church, Our Lady of Presentation (Kaanikkai Maathaa) Church is attached to the Rajavoor Parish as", "id": "4595849" }, { "contents": "Transfiguration Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nBaptist Church in the nearby suburb of Garfield Heights, Ohio, which had a large, new structure. In April 1943, Trinity Baptist Church sold its building to the Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland for $35,000 ($ in dollars). The Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland erected Transfiguration Parish on July 30, 1943. The parish was divided from nearby Immaculate Heart of Mary Church and Shrine Church of St. Stanislaus parishes. Reverend Joseph F. Zabawa was named the pastor of the new congregation, which took up residence in the Trinity", "id": "20542089" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Augustine (Larchmont, New York)\n\n\nThe Church of St. Augustine is a Roman Catholic church located in Larchmont, New York. The parish having been founded in 1892, the present Gothic Revival church building was constructed in 1928. With a growing number of Catholics living in Larchmont, New York—many of them domestic servants who attended Blessed Sacrament Church in New Rochelle or Most Holy Trinity Church in Mamaroneck—the Archbishop of New York, Michael Corrigan, created the parish of St. Augustine was created in 1892. The decision to establish a parish was motivated in part", "id": "19300736" }, { "contents": "St. Barbara Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Barbara Catholic Church () is a parish of the Roman Catholic Church in Cleveland, Ohio, within the Diocese of Cleveland. The parish church is located on Denison Ave. between West 16th St. and the southbound entrance to SR 176, in a part of the Brooklyn Centre neighborhood previously known in Polish as . The red brick parish church, designed by H.C. Gabele, is a local landmark. It is a GNIS named feature. The church, rectory and convent buildings are listed together as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. The", "id": "13695356" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\ntwo years the parishioners worshipped in a hotel before constructing a building at Fourth and Euclid downtown. A fire destroyed the structure before it was completed, but people throughout the city contributed funds to build a brick replacement in 1851. By the 1870s, the streets surrounding the church had become primarily commercial, so the vestry sold the building and rented halls while building the present church eastward on Euclid Avenue. Its placement amid the wealthy Millionaire's Row district soon caused it to become a symbol of the neighborhood. However, the membership", "id": "19215901" }, { "contents": "St Michael the Archangel Church, Chatham\n\n\nHeart Church in Luton. St Paulinus Church was built in 1788 as a Wesleyan Chapel. In 1892, it was bought by the local Catholic Church. Sacred Heart Church was built in 1949. On 26 June 1949, its foundation stone was laid by the parish priest of St Michael's Church. St Paulinus Church has one Sunday Mass at 9:00am. Sacred Heart Church also has one Sunday Mass, it is at 10:30am. St Michael's Church has four Sunday Masses: 6:30pm on Saturday and 9:30am, 11:00am and 6:00pm on", "id": "19228802" }, { "contents": "St Michael and All Angels Church, Kingaroy\n\n\n's construction. Architect Colin Deighton, who was assistant to John Hingeston Buckeridge, the Anglican Diocese of Brisbane Architect between 1887 and 1901, designed the church. Deighton designed a number of country churches and St Colomb's Anglican Church at Clayfield in Brisbane. The foundation stone of St Michael and All Angels Church was laid on 10 November 1910 by the Venerable Arthur Rivers, Archdeacon of Toowoomba. Construction of the building, which was to seat 250 worshippers, began in December 1910 and was completed in 1911. Its cost, including", "id": "3972006" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Catholic Church (Chicago)\n\n\nSt. Michael () is a church of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Chicago. The current church is located at E. 83rd Street and S. South Shore Drive in South Chicago, a neighborhood of Chicago, Illinois. It is a prime example of the so-called \"Polish Cathedral style\" of churches in both its opulence and grand scale. Along with Immaculate Conception, it is one of the two monumental Polish churches dominating over the South Chicago neighborhood. Founded in 1892 as a Polish parish in Chicago to relieve overcrowding at Immaculate", "id": "20616064" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nof St. Stephen's for 38 years. In 1873, Fr. Reichlin realized that a new church building was needed to accommodate the growing parish. The Cleveland-based architect firm called Cudell & Richardson was hired to build the structure that still stands today as St. Stephen's Roman Catholic Church. Due to economic depression in the mid-1870s, work on the new building was stopped. Parishioners mortgaged their own properties to raise funds for the new church. It was dedicated on November 20, 1881 by the second bishop of Cleveland,", "id": "19215919" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church, Madison\n\n\n1992, the parishes of St. Mary's and St. Michael's became one community of faith, with one priest, Father John Meyer, and two church buildings. Saturday night mass was held at St. Michael's for St. Michael's ‘parishioners,’ and on Sunday morning, mass was held at St. Mary's. In 1993, the area's two other Catholic Churches (St. Patrick's and St. Anthony's) were merged with St. Mary's-St. Michael's as well. St. Michael's had extensive roof damage", "id": "2385663" }, { "contents": "St. Michael's Church, Hildesheim\n\n\nin 1010 and dedicated the still unfinished building to Michael on the archangel's feast day, 29 September 1022, just a few weeks before his death. Construction, however, continued under his successor, Bishop Godehard (died 1038), who completed the work in 1031 and reconsecrated the church to Michael on September 29 of that year. The church has double choirs east and west, double tripartite transepts at either end of the nave, and six towers----two large ones over the crossings east and west, and four other tall and", "id": "721679" }, { "contents": "St. Augustine's Catholic Church (Napoleon, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Augustine's Catholic Church is a historic church in Napoleon, Ohio, United States. Located on the edge of the city's downtown, two blocks away from the Henry County Courthouse, the church is a prominent landmark in Napoleon. St. Augustine Parish was founded at some point between 1856 and 1858; its first priest was Michael Pietz. The parish was dedicated to St. Augustine in honor of Augustine Pilliod, who supervised the construction of its first building. This structure was replaced with the current church, which was built at", "id": "13450149" }, { "contents": "Saint Patrick's Church (Dubuque, Iowa)\n\n\nMcCabe was assigned as the first resident pastor. The cornerstone of the present brick church was laid in 1877, and the building dedicated on August 15, 1878. In 1928, the Rev. J.J. Hanley remodeled and enlarged the church. St. Patrick Church was originally built for service to the Irish settlers of Dubuque and while the parish has maintained a healthy respect for its Irish heritage over its many years of service, the parish now specializes in service to the Hispanic residents of Dubuque. The parish offers a Spanish Mass on Sundays,", "id": "20590874" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nsecond parish for German-speaking Catholics. In April 1869 the first bishop of Cleveland, Bishop Louis Amadeus Rappe, appointed Fr. Stephen Falk to have a two-story building built. The building would be used as a church on the upper level and a school on the lower level to accommodate the 200 families from St. Mary's that lived west of 44th Street. The newly ordained Fr. Casimir Reichlin became the first pastor and said the first Mass of the parish on May 1, 1870. He served as pastor", "id": "19215918" }, { "contents": "Immaculate Conception Catholic Church (Fulda, Ohio)\n\n\n. Construction began on a small church building under the ministry of the priest from Miltonsburg, and Archbishop Purcell of Cincinnati dedicated it in 1853. Ten years later, the parishioners constructed a parish school, and a rectory followed in 1866; its large size and pretentious architecture resulted in a high construction cost of $2,500. By this time, the original church building had become entirely inadequate for the needs of the congregation, and replacement plans were laid; the cornerstone was laid in May 1874, and Bishop Rosecrans of Columbus dedicated", "id": "19205436" }, { "contents": "St. Vitus's Church, Cleveland\n\n\nSt. Vitus is a parish of the Roman Catholic Church in Cleveland, Ohio, United States, in the Diocese of Cleveland. The parish church, located at 6019 Lausche Avenue in the St. Clair-Superior neighborhood, was completed in 1932. The first documented Slovenian to settle in the Cleveland area was Joseph Turk, who came about 1883, most likely from Carniola, and settled on Marble Avenue, near the steel mills. He helped organize the Catholic Slovenes in Cleveland, and requested that Bishop Richard Gilmour of Cleveland appoint a", "id": "916020" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Catholic Church (St. Patrick, Ohio)\n\n\nrectory in 1919 to house its pastor; before its construction, St. Patrick's was served by priests from St. Michael's Church in Fort Loramie to the southwest. In 1977, the church and rectory were recorded by the Ohio Historic Inventory for the purpose of historic preservation; both buildings were ranked in good condition without any significant risks. Two years later, they were listed together on the National Register of Historic Places, along with over thirty other buildings in the Land of the Cross-Tipped Churches. When these churches were", "id": "15760892" }, { "contents": "Cathedral of St Michael and St John\n\n\n. In that year work commenced on a permanent church building located on the corner of George and Keppel Streets. St Michael's Church was a Victorian Gothic style building constructed in brick. It was in use by 1841 but appears not to have been completed until 1846 when leadlight windows were installed. Bishop John Bede Polding (1794-1877), first Catholic Archbishop of Sydney, was interested in fostering the English Gothic style of architecture in his diocese. He arranged for plans for significant churches to be prepared by English architects including", "id": "17452035" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Cathedral, Thunder Bay\n\n\n. From there, St. Patrick's Church was one of many churches that was missioned to the First Nations in Northern Ontario, as well as St. Andrew's Church, which was handed over to the diocese in 1997. St. Patrick's was built in 1892, the same year as Thunder Bay was incorporated as a town. The foundation stone was laid on 10 October 1891, and the first Mass was celebrated on 21 August 1892. The Jesuit parish priests made plans for the construction of an elementary school later that decade.", "id": "14488629" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Catholic Church (Toledo, Ohio)\n\n\nfor use in a new building. Fr. Edward Hannin, pastor of St. Patrick's, set out to create \"the finest church in this part of the land,\" for his congregation and began to raise money for construction. When it was completed, St. Patrick's was considered one of the finest examples of Gothic Revival architecture in the United States. The exterior is constructed of Amherst blue sandstone and the interior contains ten red granite columns. The church was dedicated on April 13, 1901. The church underwent extensive", "id": "9145471" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Dayton, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Mary's Catholic Church is a historic Catholic church building in an eastern neighborhood of Dayton, Ohio, United States. Constructed at the beginning of the twentieth century, it remains home to an active parish. Its grand architecture has made it an aviator's landmark, and it has been named a historic site by the federal government. Emanuel Church, the first Catholic parish in Dayton, was formed in 1837. Many English-speaking families left to form a separate parish in 1846, but Emanuel continued growing to the point", "id": "19205373" }, { "contents": "Church of St. James the Less\n\n\nmission. Weekly celebration of Mass resumed on Sundays at 5:00 pm. The breakaway congregation now meets at the Holy Cross Catholic church and is known as the Church of Saint Michael the Archangel. During the controversy, the parish school closed circa 2006. As part of its mandate, Saint Mark's Church began a fundraising effort to open a new parish school to serve this local community. In 2009 and 2010, the St. Mark's congregation (together with St. Francis Episcopal Church in Potomac, Maryland) sponsored Vacation Bible School at", "id": "12322466" }, { "contents": "St. John's Evangelical Lutheran Church (Springfield, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. John's Evangelical Lutheran Church is a historic Lutheran church in downtown Springfield, Ohio, United States. Founded as a German-speaking parish in Springfield's early days, it grew rapidly during its first few decades, and its present large church building was constructed in the 1890s under the direction of one of Springfield's leading architects. The congregation remains in the landmark church building, which has been named a historic site. Springfield's first Lutheran congregation was organized in May 1841, and a separate group of German Lutherans began", "id": "18832000" }, { "contents": "St Michael and St John Church, Clitheroe\n\n\nGrade II listed building. In September 2008, the Jesuits handed the church over to the Diocese of Salford who continue to serve the parish. Two years later, the parish merged with St Mary Queen of Peace Church in Sabden to form the parish of Our Lady of the Valley. St Mary's was built in 1877 and it was made into a parish in 1909, so that the parishioners did not have to travel the sizeable distance to attend Mass in Clitheroe. The parish has two Sunday Masses at St Michael and St", "id": "5090732" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n. St. Paul's church building is one of just six Gothic Revival churches built in Cleveland during the 1870s that survived into the 1980s. At one time considered Cleveland's grandest and largest church, it is distinguished by the unusual architecture of the peak of the bell tower, and the open interior features extensive detailing, along with seating for one thousand worshippers. Covered with sandstone from Berea, the building was a work of Gordon W. Lloyd, a Detroit architect who also produced grand churches in Ohio cities of various sizes, ranging", "id": "19215903" }, { "contents": "St. Aloysius' Catholic Church (Carthagena, Ohio)\n\n\nerected in 1865. In their earliest years, the people worshipped in the chapel of the adjacent St. Charles Seminary. Throughout its history, the church has been significantly influenced by the seminary, which trained the priests of the Missionaries of the Precious Blood and provided pastors for the church. As its membership grew, the parish decided to construct a church building. Plans were laid and construction began in 1875; the cornerstone was laid in May 1877, and the church was consecrated on June 30, 1878; the parishioners had performed", "id": "20255448" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Church (Monroe, Michigan)\n\n\nto come. St. Michael Church is located along the River Raisin on West Front Street in the city of Monroe, MI. The 183 foot steeple isn't hard to miss. When you come into Monroe you can easily see St. Michael's A tradition at St. Michael Church is the parish prayer. It is said before the beginning of every mass. It reads: \"Lord, God, we glorify Your holy name and thank you for calling us, the people of Saint Michael the Archangel Parish, to be one in", "id": "12346363" }, { "contents": "St Michael and All Angels Church, Barton Turf\n\n\nSt Michael and All Angels is the Church of England parish church of Barton Turf in the county of Norfolk in England. See Inside here. It stands about a kilometre south-west of the village in the midst of a plantation of trees. Particularly notable for its surviving paintings, the church is listed with Grade I. The building was at first constructed in rather an undistinguished Perpendicular style, possessing a tower at the west end of the church. The church is best known for the twelve panels of its late-Gothic rood", "id": "15249529" }, { "contents": "St Michael and All Angels' Church, Haworth\n\n\nSt Michael and All Angels' Church is the Church of England parish church of Haworth, West Yorkshire. The current structure, the third church building on the site, was built between 1879 and 1881 although parts of the original medieval church building, notably the tower, survive from earlier periods. The church is best known for its historic association with the Brontë sisters whose father Revd. Patrick Brontë served as minister of the parish between 1820 and 1861. A chapel has existed on the site since 1488, though records held at", "id": "17201346" }, { "contents": "St. Peter Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Peter Church (), is a Catholic parish church in Cleveland, Ohio and part of the Diocese of Cleveland. Founded in , it is located at the intersection of Superior Ave. near East 17th St., in the Downtown neighborhood. The church is a longstanding city landmark; George Francis Houck, then the Chancellor, wrote in 1903 that, \"One of the landmarks of the city and Diocese of Cleveland is St. Peter's Church.\" It is listed as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. It is also a named", "id": "13925952" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Church (Monroe, Michigan)\n\n\n. It was used as a church on the first floor and on the second it was used for the school. Later it would only be used as St. Michael School. Then in 1866 the cornerstone for the present church was laid. The large 187 foot steeple wasn't added until 1883. In 1874 the 3-story rectory was built east of the church. In 1918 the parish built the present building of St. Michael School which is now a part of Monroe Catholic Elementary Schools. The movement to establish the parish started in 1845", "id": "12346356" }, { "contents": "St. Casimir Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nRichard Gilmour for permission to form a new parish and build a church for their own use. In December 1891, Monsignor Felix Boff, V.G., administrator of the diocese, granted the required permission. Those parishioners left to form St. Casimir Church in 1891. The parish was founded in 1891 — about 44 years after the Diocese of Cleveland was erected by Pope Pius IX. In December, 1891, Boff appointed Father Benedict Rosinski, pastor of St. Adalbert's, Berea, Ohio, to take charge of the mission. On", "id": "12488231" }, { "contents": "St James' Church, Forest Gate\n\n\nSt James' Church, Forest Gate was a church in Forest Gate, east London. Its origins lay in an iron building constructed around 1870 to serve a conventional district. A parish was formed for it in 1881 from those of Emmanuel Church, All Saints and St John's and its permanent church completed the following year, with an organ moved from St Matthew's Church, Friday Street. The church was demolished in 1964 and for two years its congregation worshiped in the Durning Hall Community Centre's chapel until the parish was", "id": "17208906" }, { "contents": "North Presbyterian Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nNorth Presbyterian Church is a historic Presbyterian church on the east side of Cleveland, Ohio, United States. Constructed in the 1880s, the church building has been named a historic site. Throughout its history, the congregation has been focused on Sunday school work. North Presbyterian Church developed out of a mission Sunday school established in east-side Cleveland in 1859. The local presbytery organized a congregation out of the Sunday school in 1867, and within a short while, the new congregation formed the first of two mission Sunday schools in", "id": "19215693" }, { "contents": "St. Vitus's Church, Cleveland\n\n\nVitus to work on the interior. It was finished for the centennial celebration of the parish later that year. St. Vitus remains a strong parish, but Fr. Božnar works with Bishop Lennon's programs to cluster parishes in order to increase strength for inner-city parishes. The church building of St. Vitus itself is constructed in the Lombard-Roman style with pale yellow Falston brick. It is 141 feet long and 100 feet wide with an attached parish house on its west side. Its two Romanesque bell towers reach 110 feet", "id": "916027" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Michael (St. Michael, Minnesota)\n\n\nof the church came from Saint John's Abbey in Collegeville. In 1866 a new church was built in the center of the town and served for about 25 years. In 1890 the parish built a Gothic Revival building, which was the largest church in Wright County at the time. The building features ornate statues and German woodcarvings. Although the parish had a mostly German ethnicity for many years, since 1985 the number of families in the parish doubled, and it no longer appears to be an ethnic parish. In 2004 the", "id": "1327870" }, { "contents": "St. Thomas Church (Underhill, Vermont)\n\n\nSt. Thomas Church is a Roman Catholic church in the Town of Underhill, Vermont in the United States, located in the unincorporated village of \"Underhill Center\". The church was built from 1891-92 after its predecessor had burned down on 19 December 1890. The cornerstone for the current St. Thomas Church building was laid on 12 August 1891 at an event that had an estimated 1,000 attendees. Although the construction period spanned from 1 May 1891 until December 1892, the first Mass was nevertheless held in the basement of the church", "id": "6739395" }, { "contents": "St. William Parish (Lawncrest)\n\n\n1950s and 60's, saw many changes come to the physical plant of the Parish that reflected the housing boom of the area, the economic upswing of the times and the growing parish population. Many of the original \"Motley Buildings\" were completely replaced. The Middle School (Junior High/Upper School) building was built and later an additional floor was added. When consideration was had for the completion of the Upper Church, it was found that the basement church was not structurally sufficient to support additional construction. In 1955", "id": "10364503" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Michael the Archangel, Katowice\n\n\nChurch of St. Michael Archangel () is one of the oldest buildings in Katowice. It's located in Kościuszko Park, where it was moved in 1938 from the village Syrynia, where it was originally constructed in 1510. It is under the invocation of St. Michael. It has end-fitted log framework construction and shingled roof. Free-standing belltower was completed before 1679; it has historic lych-gate and wooden fence around the churchyard. The church of St. Michael Archangel was first built in 1305 in Syrynia, near", "id": "21359049" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Catholic Church (St. Patrick, Ohio)\n\n\n's was closely connected to many other churches in western Ohio: wide areas of western Ohio that were primarily settled by Catholics feature large churches at sparsely-populated crossroads. While most of these churches are constructed in the Gothic Revival style of architecture, some of the newer churches of the region — including St. Patrick's — appear in a variety of styles; St. Patrick's was one of the few that lacked the high steeples of the Gothic Revival structures. The leading role of these churches in western Shelby County and the lands", "id": "15760890" }, { "contents": "St Michael's Roman Catholic Church, Linlithgow\n\n\nchildren the congregation capitalised on the spirit of cooperation and community and set out to build a school. Located on a site next to the church St. Joseph's school was opened on 1 July 1889 and served the children of the parish until 1964 when new premises were occupied at Preston Road. Although during this time Fr Easson had replaced Fr Murphy as parish priest there was no change of emphasis and all the parish energies were engaged in the effort to complete the church building programme. Plans to double the size of the church were", "id": "17679127" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Delaware, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Mary's Catholic Church is a historic Catholic parish church in the city of Delaware, Ohio, United States. Constructed in the 1880s, this grand building is home to a congregation established in the middle of the nineteenth century. Its grand style has long made it a community landmark, and it was named a historic landmark in 1980. Delaware's first Masses were celebrated by travelling priests in the homes of the city's few Catholics, most of whom were Irish or German immigrants. The members built the first St. Mary", "id": "2642749" }, { "contents": "Church of the Resurrection (Rye, New York)\n\n\nin 1881 at the intersection of Purchase Street and the Boston Post Road, where services were then offered. The parish was incorporated on January 29, 1886, and title to the property was transferred from the archdiocese to the parish itself. A new church building was completed in 1889 on Purchase Street, while the former building was used as the rectory. Thereafter, construction of a parochial school on the Boston Post Road began in 1906 and was completed two years later. With the number of parishioners growing, the church purchased land", "id": "19300829" }, { "contents": "Near North Side, Chicago\n\n\n, most of this area was an enclave to the first emigrants from Puerto Rico to Chicago, who referred to it as part of \"La Clark\" until commercialization decorated late 1960s shop signs with the name of Old Town. The neighborhood is home to St. Michael's Church, originally built to serve German immigrants, and one of only 7 to survive the great Chicago fire. St. Michael's, Holy Name Cathedral, Immaculate Conception, and St. Joseph's Catholic churches all catered to Latinos with a Mass in Spanish. Many", "id": "1540930" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Massillon, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Mary's Catholic Church is a historic Catholic church building in the city of Massillon, Ohio, United States. Constructed in 1876 for a congregation composed largely of European immigrants, it has been named a historic site. The origins of St. Mary parish lie among numerous Germans and Irish who settled in Massillon in its early years and built a small house of worship on Cherry Road in the 1840s. This building stood until 1875, when it was destroyed so that the present church might occupy its location; it was built in", "id": "19205828" }, { "contents": "St. Anne Church (Berlin, New Hampshire)\n\n\nSt. Anne Church is a historic church at 58 Church Street in Berlin, New Hampshire, United States. It is the church for Good Shepherd Parish within the Roman Catholic Diocese of Manchester. St. Anne Parish was founded in 1867, and was Berlin's first Roman Catholic congregation. It was merged with Guardian Angel Parish, St. Joseph Parish, and St. Kieran Parish in 2000 to form Good Shepherd Parish. Its building, constructed in 1900, is an important local example of Romanesque architecture, and was listed on the National Register", "id": "2452362" }, { "contents": "St. Peter Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n, put up by Luhr, was torn down and replaced by a large pastoral residence adjoining the rear of the church, at a cost of $12,000. In the same year a third story was added to St. Peter's school building, and arranged for a parish hall, containing a stage and other conveniences, at a cost of $10,000. In the synod of January 3, 1889, St. Peter's congregation was the first mentioned among the nine principal churches of the diocese which Gilmour named as rectorates, with an", "id": "13925965" }, { "contents": "Trinity Cathedral (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nfirst church building built within the village limits of Cleveland. In 1846, to meet the needs of a growing parish, plans for a larger, centralized building just east of Public Square commenced. The congregation moved into the larger stone structure in the Gothic style on Superior Avenue in 1855. In 1890, Trinity Church was offered to Bishop William A. Leonard for use as a cathedral for the Diocese of Ohio. The congregation would maintain the building and it would serve dual roles as the parish church and cathedral for the diocese.", "id": "19215933" }, { "contents": "St. Andrew's Cathedral (Jackson, Mississippi)\n\n\nat the time that was not located along the Mississippi River. Its church was burned by the Union Army during the American Civil War in 1863. The cornerstone for the second church was laid by the Rt. Rev. William Mercer Green in 1869. By the turn of the Twentieth Century the congregation had outgrown its church building and the present structure was completed in 1903. The Parish House was constructed between 1923 and 1924. The congregation continued to grow and the building along West Street was built in 1955. The bishop moved his", "id": "20556538" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Evansville, Indiana)\n\n\nservice in the first church building was held on April 15, 1883. While construction ensued, a congregant and frequent benefactor, Charles Viele, offered the use of Viele Hall (located on 2nd street between Main and Sycamore streets) to St. Paul's parish. The cornerstone for new St. Paul's was laid on September 3, 1883, and construction completed on March 2, 1886 with Bishop D.B. Knickerbacker consecrating the new building. Charles and Mary Viele continued to sponsor further construction on the church grounds - first with a rectory", "id": "20407572" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Church (Monroe, Michigan)\n\n\nSaint Michael the Archangel Church (St. Michael Church) is located on the west side of the city of Monroe, Michigan along the River Raisin. It is home to 1,200 families and it is one of most important religious institutes in Monroe County. It was founded in the year 1852. The present building was built from 1866-1867. It is in the Archdiocese of Detroit. Its current priest is Rev. Phillip Ching. When the parish was first established, the mayor of Monroe palatial residence was remodeled as a temporary church", "id": "12346355" }, { "contents": "St. Mary Congregational Church\n\n\nSt. Mary Congregational Church in Abbeville, Louisiana is the oldest incorporated, predominantly African-American church in Vermilion Parish. Its historic Gothic Revival style church at 213 S. Louisiana Avenue, constructed in 1905 to replace a previous building, was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1999. American Missionary Association records show the congregation dates to at least 1877. The structure is a three-bay, gable-fronted church with a prominent corner tower. The tower is three-stage and square. The church is currently non", "id": "17676536" }, { "contents": "St. Charles of the Valley Catholic Church and Rectory\n\n\nSt. Charles Borromeo Church is a Catholic parish in Hailey, Idaho, in the Diocese of Boise. Its historic parish church and rectory complex, located at Pine and S. 1st Streets, is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Fr. E.M. Nattini began ministering in the Wood River Valley in the 1880s. The population was growing rapidly, and he was soon able to raise funds for the construction of the first church of St. Charles, which began June 17, 1883. It was the first Catholic church ineast of", "id": "20581174" }, { "contents": "Sacred Heart Catholic Church (Dayton, Ohio)\n\n\nprompted some of the members to leave in July 1883 and establish Sacred Heart Church; under the leadership of St. Joseph's associate pastor Hugh McDevitt, the congregation rented a meeting hall while waiting for the construction of their building. Land for the present church was purchased for $19,000, and William Henry Elder laid the cornerstone in June 1888. Exterior work was completed in the following year, and by 1893 construction was close enough to completion that the congregation could begin worshipping in their building. The building was consecrated by Bishop Maes", "id": "22206155" }, { "contents": "St. Vincent de Paul Church (Pontiac, Michigan)\n\n\n. The church continued to grow, and in the 1880s, the Reverend Fridolin Baumgartner began raising funds for the construction of the present church. The congregation hired the Detroit architecture firm of Donaldson & Meier to design the church, and the cornerstone was laid on September 6, 1885. The church was dedicated two years later, on September 18, 1887. A 6600-pound bell was installed in the church in 1890. A rectory was constructed in 1895, a school building was added in 1897, and a parish hall in 1911", "id": "19268922" }, { "contents": "St. Boniface Roman Catholic Church\n\n\npopulation on the west side. In 1873, a two-story, red brick Italianate rectory building was built for the parish at a cost of $6,000. A stone church building was planned by the prominent local architect William M. Scott, and construction was completed in 1883 at a cost of $30,000. The parish was closed in 1989, and the building was demolished a few years later. St. Boniface Church was an eclectic example of Romanesque Revival and Ruskinian Gothic architecture. It was built in a cruciform shape from red", "id": "9736494" } ]

[ { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nchurch congregation reached its peak size in the 1950, when only 25% of the parishioners were of German descent. The first Spanish Mass was said in 1971 for the growing number of Hispanic parishioners. The congregation now is mostly Latin American. The church now offers Masses in both English and Spanish. An annual Good Friday Procession begins or ends at St. Michael's. St Michael's and La Sagrada Familia church alternate every year to begin or end at one of the two churches. There is a stop at St Patrick's", "id": "19125747" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nwhile the new building was under construction. The current church, which had its cornerstone laid in 1889, was completed five years ahead of schedule in 1892. The church building is considered a good example of High Victorian Gothic architecture with its two towers of unequal height, the taller of which rises , and three archways. An architecturally notable school adjacent to the church began construction in 1906 and was completed in 1907. For many years the church was one of the most costly and artistically notable churches in the Cleveland Diocese. The", "id": "19125746" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Michael the Archangel is a Roman Catholic church located at 3114 Scranton Road in the Clark-Fulton neighborhood on the west side of Cleveland, Ohio. The church is named in honor of St. Michael the Archangel and was completed in 1892. The congregation was founded in 1881 as a mission of Ohio City, Cleveland's St. Mary's on-the-Flats to serve a growing German immigrant population on Cleveland's west side. The original church and school building were constructed in 1883 but burned on June 29, 1891,", "id": "19125745" }, { "contents": "St. John's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n's. Trinity Cathedral is now the seat of the Episcopal Diocese of Ohio. St. John's was also the mother church to several of the west side parishes. In 1837, the Ohio City Directory described the church as follows, \"The Episcopal Church, which is not yet finished, is built of hammered stone, and has a lofty steeple. Its style of architecture is Gothic, resembling that of the ancient and venerable Cathedral. This building, when finished, will be one of the best of the kind in the", "id": "18742416" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cincinnati, Ohio)\n\n\n1847. The cornerstone was laid August 1, 1847 and the church dedicated June 4, 1848. Rev. Fr. Zoppoth was selected as the first pastor for the congregation. In 1868 St. Michael Church became the mother parish to St. Lawrence Church which was organized that same year. The Comboni Missionaries took charge of the parish in 1964. By this time many of the German-speaking families in the parish had begun to move to other parts of the city. In a mass celebrated by Daniel Edward Pilarczyk the church building was", "id": "11338583" }, { "contents": "St. Columba Cathedral (Youngstown, Ohio)\n\n\nThe first Mass celebrated in Youngstown occurred in 1826. St. Columba Parish was founded in 1847, the year that Pope Pius IX established the Diocese of Cleveland, of which Youngstown was a part. The first church was completed in 1850. As the parish grew, it required a larger church, which it completed in 1868. The first parish school building was opened three years later. The parish continued to grow and constructed yet another church which opened in 1897. Bishop Ignatius Horstmann consecrated the sanctuary in 1903. The parish added", "id": "13619245" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Stephen Church is a Roman Catholic church located in the Detroit-Shoreway neighborhood on the west side of Cleveland, Ohio. The gothic style building was designed by architects Cudell & Richardson. The current church was built in 1875 and was added into the National Register of Historic Places in 1977. St. Stephen Roman Catholic Church was founded in 1869 due to a need for a second German parish on the west side of Cleveland. The first German parish, St. Mary's, increased so much that Cleveland was in need of a", "id": "19215917" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cincinnati, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Michael the Archangel Church is a Roman Catholic church located at 2110 St. Michael Street, in Cincinnati, Ohio. The cornerstone of this church was laid in 1847 and the church dedicated a year later. The church closed April 5, 1998. As the tide of German immigrants continued to rise in Cincinnati, more churches were needed. Holy Trinity Church was the first German speaking parish. As the city grew in three directions; north, east and west; there were three parishes which descended from that parish Old St. Mary", "id": "11338581" }, { "contents": "St. John's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. John's Episcopal Church is located at 2600 Church Avenue in the Ohio City neighborhood of Cleveland, Ohio. St. John's is the oldest consecrated building in Cuyahoga county. This stone gothic revival church building was designed by Hezekiah Eldredge and built beginning in 1836 and was completed 1838. Eldridge was probably familiar with John Henry Hopkins' \"An Essay on Gothic Architecture\", the first book on Gothic ecclesiastical architecture to be published in the United States. St. John's is a good representative of a small group of American churches", "id": "18742414" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland Heights, Ohio)\n\n\nFairmount Blvd, it is a contributing property in the Fairmount Boulevard District, which is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. St. Paul's was first established in the city of Cleveland, Ohio on October 26, 1846. The congregation did not have its own building until 1851, as a frame building completed in 1849 burned completely. A small brick church in the Gothic Revival style was completed for the parish at Euclid and Sheriff (East 4th) Streets by 1858. St. Paul's congregation outgrew the church, however", "id": "18644038" }, { "contents": "Irvington, Baltimore\n\n\nPassion\", marking the beginning of St. Joseph's Monastery Parish. Construction of a new, larger church began in 1881 and was completed in 1883. Its cornerstone was placed by Cardinal James Gibbons. The original monastery, beside the church, burned down in 1883. A new monastery was completed in 1886. The monastery chapel is extant and contains an 1887 Niemann pipe organ. The congregation of St. Joseph's Monastery Parish outgrew their church building in the following century. In 1931, Archbishop Michael Joseph Curley placed the cornerstone for", "id": "5906170" }, { "contents": "St. Theodosius Russian Orthodox Cathedral\n\n\nSt. Theodosius Cathedral is an Orthodox church located on Starkweather Avenue in the Tremont neighborhood, on the near west side of Cleveland, Ohio. It is considered one of the best examples of Russian church architecture in the U.S. and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The parish is the first Orthodox parish in Cleveland and is currently under the jurisdiction of the Diocese of the Midwest of the Orthodox Church in America. St. Theodosius is perhaps best known for its appearance in the 1978 film, \"The Deer Hunter\" with", "id": "13141384" }, { "contents": "St. Casimir Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nBoth the church building and the school building are GNIS named features. The church building is listed as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. To provide properly for the large and steadily increasing number of Poles in the north-eastern part of Cleveland it was necessary to organize them into the third Polish congregation within the limits of the city. They lived too far away from St. Stanislaus Church, with which they had been affiliated, for them to conveniently either attend Mass or for their children to attend the parish school. They therefore petitioned Bishop", "id": "12488230" }, { "contents": "St. Henry's Catholic Church (Harriettsville, Ohio)\n\n\nChurch in Fulda in order to hear Mass. Virtually all of the members in the early decades were Germans or of German descent. A parish school was formed in the late 1870s, and in its first twenty years, the parish grew fourfold in membership. This growth caused the original church building to be too small: land for a new building was purchased in 1879, and construction finished in 1894. St. Henry's Church is a stone building in the Gothic Revival style; the most prominent component is a multi-story tower", "id": "19205430" }, { "contents": "St. Michael's Church, Old Town, Chicago\n\n\nSt. Michael's Church in the Old Town neighborhood of Chicago is a Roman Catholic church staffed by the Redemptorist order of priests. The parish was founded to minister to German Catholic immigrants in 1852 with its first wooden church completed that year at a cost of $750 (including the bell). The building stands at the intersection of Eugenie Street and Cleveland Avenue. The church was built as a haven for German immigrants who were outcasts in Old Chicago. In addition, the town's main church, St. Joseph's Church,", "id": "10838314" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cincinnati, Ohio)\n\n\n's Church, St. Philomena's Church and St. Joseph's Church. The three parishes were founded in 1840, 1846 and 1846 respectively. As more immigration followed, St. Michael's was founded, the first filial parish of St. Joseph. The parish was located to what was then called Storrs Township. Forty-five persons organized themselves into a congregation in the early part of 1847 and drew up a constitution for the church A lot was donated by Innocent Troenle and two additional adjacent pieces of property were bought in April and May", "id": "11338582" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Michael and St. Anthony\n\n\ntoday to mostly Poles and Italians. The church has also been noted for its Byzantine Revival architecture, complete with a dome and minaret-styled tower, making it \"one of the more unique examples of church architecture in Montréal.\" Construction on the Church of St. Michael the Archangel began in 1914, for what would grow to become the largest anglophone parish in Montreal. After a brief delay following the commencement of World War I, the church was completed in 1915 at a cost of $232,000, with a capacity of", "id": "10850773" }, { "contents": "Zion Lutheran Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nother Cleveland-area Lutheran congregations, including Trinity Lutheran Church, are Zion's daughters. The original church building was located downtown, but the east-side German community was strong enough by 1902 that the congregation deemed Prospect Avenue a better location for serving the community. From its earliest years, the congregation had sponsored a school; Zion Lutheran School was founded in 1848, at which time all scholars were instructed in German. The school moved to Prospect Avenue ahead of the church; the present building was completed in 1903,", "id": "19215937" }, { "contents": "St. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\non their behalf with papal authorities, and Charles Boehm of Hungary settled in Cleveland in late 1892 to serve the new St. Elizabeth parish, the first Hungarian nationality parish in America. Boehm immediately began registering members and advocating for the construction of a church complex; the first church building, a brick structure, was erected by the end of 1893, a school soon followed, and a larger school was completed in 1900 because of expanded enrollment. He also began a Hungarian-language parish newspaper that soon gained subscribers in other parts", "id": "19215854" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church, Madison\n\n\ndying Catholics (he was a doctor as well). Costigan is believed to have been the Catholic architect of the church. Costigan was only recorded as being a member of the parish during the construction, but details of the church building mirror his other buildings in Madison. In December 1839 St. Michael the Archangel Catholic Church was completed. As the City of Madison grew, so did its Catholic population. German–Catholics had increased highly in numbers and had formed a separate congregation within St. Michael's. In 1850, the", "id": "2385658" }, { "contents": "Pilgrim Congregational Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nonly a short time, as construction on the present building was started just 23 years after the first building was finished. The name \"Pilgrim Congregational Church\" was adopted in 1894 upon the completion of the present building; they had been styled \"Heights Congregational Church\" into the 1870s and used the name \"Jennings Avenue Congregational Church\" in the 1880s. The building was a community landmark from its earliest years — electric wiring was included in the original construction at a time when no other Cleveland buildings west of the Cuyahoga River", "id": "19215839" }, { "contents": "St. Monica Church (Manhattan)\n\n\nin 1880 he began conducting Mass over a feed store at 404 East 78th Street. The following year, he purchased land for the construction of the church and school. Construction of the first church building was completed in 1883. In 1892, the address was listed as 409 E 79th Street. The Rev. John J. Boyle served as acting rector at St. Monica's before becoming the founding pastor of St. Luke's Church (Bronx, New York). The current Gothic Revival church building was erected in 1906 to the designs of", "id": "18565781" }, { "contents": "Annunciation Church (historic) (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nAnnunciation Church (historic) (), was a Catholic parish church in Cleveland, Ohio and part of the Diocese of Cleveland. It was located at the intersection of Hurd St. and Moore St., now part of the West Side Market parking lot, in the Ohio City neighborhood. The location where the church once stood can be found, in an 1881 atlas, at the south-west corner of Hurd St. and Moore St., on the west bank of the Cuyahoga river above part of the Flats historically known as Ox", "id": "14549709" }, { "contents": "Sacred Heart of Jesus Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n. Between 1885 and 1889 a large number of Poles settled in South Cleveland, in the area of East 71st St. and Harvard Ave. They lived too far away from St. Stanislaus church for them to conveniently either attend Mass or for their children to attend the parish school. They petitioned Bishop Richard Gilmour for permission to form a new parish and build a church for their own use. The petition to form a new parish and build a church was granted, and the parish was founded in  — about 42 years after the Diocese", "id": "12287909" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland Heights, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Paul's Episcopal Church is a parish of the Episcopal Church in Cleveland Heights, Ohio. The current rector is the Rev. Jeanne Leinbach, installed on October 23, 2015. She is the first female rector of St. Paul's. Her predecessor was the Rev. Alan M. Gates, who served from 2004-2014, before his election as Bishop of Massachusetts. St. Paul's is a leading church and has the largest congregation in the Episcopal Diocese of Ohio. The church building is a Cleveland Heights landmark. Located at 2747", "id": "18644037" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nRev. Richard Gilmour. Volunteer German and Hungarian woodworkers completed the interior of the church. Over the next 40 years, the parish added a rectory, convent for the Sisters of Notre Dame and two school buildings including one for and an all girls two-year high school which opened in 1905. After World War II, St. Stephen's parish experienced unprecedented growth due to the population growth in Cleveland and throughout the country. On June 8, 1953 a tornado severely damaged the church structure. Work to restore the building began immediately", "id": "19215920" }, { "contents": "Cathedral of St. John the Evangelist (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nstyle and the Bishop laid the cornerstone October 22, 1848. Until the new building was completed in 1852, St. Mary's served as cathedral for the diocese. At the time of its completion, the new cathedral was the well beyond Cleveland's Public Square. Alterations and additions began on the church almost as soon as the initial construction was complete. In 1857, a boys' school was added and within ten years, it was joined by a parish hall and girls' school. In 1879, the parish raised sufficient", "id": "10656550" }, { "contents": "St. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nthe present building. Although the cornerstone was laid in 1918, the construction process was lengthy, and it was finally completed only in 1922. Built primarily of limestone, according to a design of Cleveland architect Emile Uhlrich, the church is an example of Italian-influenced Baroque Revival architecture, partly modelled after the church of Sant'Agnese in Agone in Rome. Two great towers, topped with cupolas, form the ends of the facade, while a great rose window sits in the middle section of the facade high above the main entrance", "id": "19215857" }, { "contents": "St. Nicholas' Catholic Church (Osgood, Ohio)\n\n\nnearby villages; St. Augustine's Church in Minster and St. Michael's Church in Fort Loramie were established by 1850, but the foundations of a parish in Osgood were not laid until 1904, and formal establishment of the parish came in 1906. In its earliest years, the Mass was celebrated in common buildings; after worshipping for a time in a school, the parishioners purchased a barn for ecclesiastical purposes. For many years, the improvement of the parish's facilities was hindered by its size; the fewness of its members meant", "id": "421917" }, { "contents": "Union–Miles Park\n\n\na congregation for African Americans, was founded 1914, and erected its first church building and school in 1916 at what is now Union Avenue and Martin Luther King Drive. The congregation that formed Archangel Michael Orthodox Church ( St. Michael's Orthodox Church) split from St. John the Baptist Orthodox Church in 1921. It began construction of its new church home at 10000 Union Avenue in April 1924, completing the structure in 1926. Although the long-standing Cataract House closed in 1917, the first Union–Miles Park movie theater,", "id": "20793486" }, { "contents": "St. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church is a historic Roman Catholic church in the Buckeye Road neighborhood on the east side of Cleveland, Ohio, United States. The earliest ethnic parish established for Hungarians in the United States, its present building was constructed in the early twentieth century, and it has been named a historic site. Cleveland's first Hungarian Catholics initially worshipped at St. Ladislaus' Church, an east-side Slovakian parish, but ethnic strife and increasing immigration prompted the Hungarian community to seek their own parish. Bishop Horstmann interceded", "id": "19215853" }, { "contents": "Sacred Heart of Jesus Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSacred Heart of Jesus (), was a Catholic parish church in Cleveland, Ohio and part of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland. It was located at the north-west corner of intersection of East 71st St. and Kazimier St., in a part of the South Broadway neighborhood previously known in Polish as \"\" and nicknamed \"Goosetown\". Both the church building and the school building are GNIS named features. The church, school, and rectory buildings are listed together as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. The church was closed", "id": "12287908" }, { "contents": "St. Mary Mother of the Redeemer Church (Norwalk, Ohio)\n\n\nSaint Mary Mother of the Redeemer Church is a parish in the Roman Catholic Diocese of Toledo. The current church is located at 38 W. League Street, Norwalk, Ohio. Construction on the building began on May 29, 1889, and was completed in 1894. The church was previously twinned with St. Alphonsus in Peru, Ohio, but was later twinned with St. Anthony in Milan, Ohio, after a mass restructuring of the diocese. The Century House was a name given to several buildings, now all demolished, within the", "id": "21671394" }, { "contents": "Pilgrim Congregational Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nPilgrim Congregational Church is a historic congregation of the United Church of Christ in Cleveland, Ohio, United States. Constructed in the 1890s for a congregation founded in the 1850s, it was named a historic site in the 1970s. Congregationalists began operating a Sunday school in Cleveland's Tremont neighborhood in 1854, and their efforts resulted in the creation of a church five years later. The members began construction of their first church building in 1865, although it was not completed until 1870. It was suitable for the congregation's needs for", "id": "19215838" }, { "contents": "Sidney Mason Stone\n\n\n; St. Patrick's Church, New Haven (1853) constructed of East Haven sandstone;First Congregational Church, Naugatuck, CT (1855) and Wooster Place Congregational Church, Wooster Square, New Haven (1855) (now the Church of St. Michael) the original design for which featured a Corinthian portico and tall steeple. In \"New Haven: A Guide to Architecture and Urban Design\", Brown remarks on St. Michael's, “The building has burned twice, the steeple blown down once...Only the side walls and tall", "id": "165241" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Dayton, Ohio)\n\n\ncentury, the parish had outgrown it, and construction began on a new building; Archbishop Moeller laid the cornerstone in July 1905 and consecrated it in November 1906. Growth continued, and St. Anthony's Church was established in 1913 by families coming out of St. Mary's. St. Mary's remains an active part of the Archdiocese of Cincinnati to the present day. Masses are celebrated both in English and in Spanish. The current St. Mary's Church is a Romanesque Revival structure built in a mix of brick and stone. Constructed", "id": "19205375" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Indianapolis, Indiana)\n\n\nuntil the Diocese of Indianapolis established Holy Rosary Catholic Church, an Italian national parish in Indianapolis in 1911. After the turn of the century, when the neighborhood become commercial, the parish purchased property at New Jersey and Vermont streets, where they built the present church, which was under construction from 1910 to 1912. St. Mary's adapted to its changing ethnic neighborhood over the years. In 1967, as the city's Spanish-speaking community began to grow, the parish began offering Sunday mass in Spanish. German-language", "id": "3660949" }, { "contents": "St. John's Catholic Church (Fryburg, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. John Catholic Church is a Roman Catholic church in the unincorporated community of Fryburg in Pusheta Township, Auglaize County, Ohio, United States. The parish was established in 1848, the same year in which the community was platted, and construction was completed in 1850. A Catholic school in connection with the church was established in 1877. Both buildings feature fine architecture: the church includes Gothic Revival elements such as ornate pilasters and lancet windows, while the former school is a good example of Federal architecture. St. John's is", "id": "11283325" }, { "contents": "St. Augustine Parish (Hartford, Connecticut)\n\n\nSt. Augustine Parish is a Roman Catholic parish located in Hartford, Connecticut. In addition to a church, the parish also administers a school, St. Augustine School. St. Augustine Parish was established in August 1902 with Fr. Michael Barry appointed as its first pastor. At that time, a church building had not yet been constructed so mass was offered at the Washington Street School until a basement chapel was completed in 1903. The current Romanesque-style church was completed in 1912 and dedicated by Bishop John J. Nilan of the then", "id": "21104070" }, { "contents": "Zion Lutheran Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nFirst Methodist, Trinity Cathedral, and St. Paul's Episcopal Church on Euclid Avenue. This condition persisted into the mid-1910s, at which point the neighborhood transitioned into a largely commercial area. Beginning after 1930, the neighborhood deteriorated as many buildings were demolished, often to create room for parking lots. In such an environment Zion Lutheran Church was constructed in 1902 and opened for public use in the following year. It is home to a congregation founded by German immigrants in 1843, the oldest extant Lutheran congregation in the city; many", "id": "19215936" }, { "contents": "Church of St Paul, Letchworth\n\n\nallow construction of the new church to begin, with the foundation stone being laid on 10 October 1923 by the Marchioness of Salisbury. Work on the first section of the building was completed including three and a half bays of the nave with arcades at the sides. This first section was consecrated by Michael Furse, the Bishop of St Albans on 3 May 1924. A tower was intended but was never built. By 1924 the church was becoming too small for its growing congregation and work on an extension began in early 1931,", "id": "1720772" }, { "contents": "Basilica of the Sacred Heart of Jesus, Syracuse\n\n\noriginal church was located across the street from the current structure. The first Mass in the new parish church was said on August 30, 1892, with the formal dedication taking place nearly a year later on June 11, 1893. The congregation outgrew the first church within a decade, and a decision was made to construct a new church. The foundations were built by parishioners in order to save money, and the cornerstone was laid in 1907. Work was completed in three years, and the church was completed and dedicated on", "id": "4119395" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n, side altars and pulpit are made entirely of oak wood and decorated with beautiful German woodcarvings. The church pews are also oak. A Mexican onyx and brass Communion rail was installed over the years and the floor of the sanctuary and aisles is made of black and white marble tiles. St. Stephen's is a fully active Roman Catholic Parish in the Diocese of Cleveland. This means that they have a full parish staff and church council. They have regular Sunday Masses as well as daily Masses. German Mass is offered every first", "id": "19215923" }, { "contents": "Roncesvalles, Toronto\n\n\nWomenpriests at the church. St. Casimir's Polish Roman Catholic Church at Garden Avenue, offers Polish masses on Sundays. Its origins begin in 1944 when the Oblate Mission decided to create the third Polish parish (and first in the west end) in Toronto. The lot on which the church stands today was purchased for $15,000 in 1948 and construction on the parish hall began the same year. The first mass was held in the church hall in 1949. The church was completed and officially began offering mass on May 23,", "id": "3040916" }, { "contents": "Rajavoor\n\n\nSt. Michael's Shrine which is located at the center part of Rajavoor. The annual feast starts on the first Friday of May with a flag hoisting followed by a ten-day Mass and adoration. The eighth, ninth and tenth days are marked with a car procession to St. Michael Archangel, carnival ended with High Mass in front of the Holy Cars. The Roman Catholics and parish are administered by the Kottar Diocese. Another notable church, Our Lady of Presentation (Kaanikkai Maathaa) Church is attached to the Rajavoor Parish as", "id": "4595849" }, { "contents": "Transfiguration Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nBaptist Church in the nearby suburb of Garfield Heights, Ohio, which had a large, new structure. In April 1943, Trinity Baptist Church sold its building to the Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland for $35,000 ($ in dollars). The Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland erected Transfiguration Parish on July 30, 1943. The parish was divided from nearby Immaculate Heart of Mary Church and Shrine Church of St. Stanislaus parishes. Reverend Joseph F. Zabawa was named the pastor of the new congregation, which took up residence in the Trinity", "id": "20542089" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Augustine (Larchmont, New York)\n\n\nThe Church of St. Augustine is a Roman Catholic church located in Larchmont, New York. The parish having been founded in 1892, the present Gothic Revival church building was constructed in 1928. With a growing number of Catholics living in Larchmont, New York—many of them domestic servants who attended Blessed Sacrament Church in New Rochelle or Most Holy Trinity Church in Mamaroneck—the Archbishop of New York, Michael Corrigan, created the parish of St. Augustine was created in 1892. The decision to establish a parish was motivated in part", "id": "19300736" }, { "contents": "St. Barbara Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Barbara Catholic Church () is a parish of the Roman Catholic Church in Cleveland, Ohio, within the Diocese of Cleveland. The parish church is located on Denison Ave. between West 16th St. and the southbound entrance to SR 176, in a part of the Brooklyn Centre neighborhood previously known in Polish as . The red brick parish church, designed by H.C. Gabele, is a local landmark. It is a GNIS named feature. The church, rectory and convent buildings are listed together as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. The", "id": "13695356" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\ntwo years the parishioners worshipped in a hotel before constructing a building at Fourth and Euclid downtown. A fire destroyed the structure before it was completed, but people throughout the city contributed funds to build a brick replacement in 1851. By the 1870s, the streets surrounding the church had become primarily commercial, so the vestry sold the building and rented halls while building the present church eastward on Euclid Avenue. Its placement amid the wealthy Millionaire's Row district soon caused it to become a symbol of the neighborhood. However, the membership", "id": "19215901" }, { "contents": "St Michael the Archangel Church, Chatham\n\n\nHeart Church in Luton. St Paulinus Church was built in 1788 as a Wesleyan Chapel. In 1892, it was bought by the local Catholic Church. Sacred Heart Church was built in 1949. On 26 June 1949, its foundation stone was laid by the parish priest of St Michael's Church. St Paulinus Church has one Sunday Mass at 9:00am. Sacred Heart Church also has one Sunday Mass, it is at 10:30am. St Michael's Church has four Sunday Masses: 6:30pm on Saturday and 9:30am, 11:00am and 6:00pm on", "id": "19228802" }, { "contents": "St Michael and All Angels Church, Kingaroy\n\n\n's construction. Architect Colin Deighton, who was assistant to John Hingeston Buckeridge, the Anglican Diocese of Brisbane Architect between 1887 and 1901, designed the church. Deighton designed a number of country churches and St Colomb's Anglican Church at Clayfield in Brisbane. The foundation stone of St Michael and All Angels Church was laid on 10 November 1910 by the Venerable Arthur Rivers, Archdeacon of Toowoomba. Construction of the building, which was to seat 250 worshippers, began in December 1910 and was completed in 1911. Its cost, including", "id": "3972006" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Catholic Church (Chicago)\n\n\nSt. Michael () is a church of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Chicago. The current church is located at E. 83rd Street and S. South Shore Drive in South Chicago, a neighborhood of Chicago, Illinois. It is a prime example of the so-called \"Polish Cathedral style\" of churches in both its opulence and grand scale. Along with Immaculate Conception, it is one of the two monumental Polish churches dominating over the South Chicago neighborhood. Founded in 1892 as a Polish parish in Chicago to relieve overcrowding at Immaculate", "id": "20616064" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nof St. Stephen's for 38 years. In 1873, Fr. Reichlin realized that a new church building was needed to accommodate the growing parish. The Cleveland-based architect firm called Cudell & Richardson was hired to build the structure that still stands today as St. Stephen's Roman Catholic Church. Due to economic depression in the mid-1870s, work on the new building was stopped. Parishioners mortgaged their own properties to raise funds for the new church. It was dedicated on November 20, 1881 by the second bishop of Cleveland,", "id": "19215919" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church, Madison\n\n\n1992, the parishes of St. Mary's and St. Michael's became one community of faith, with one priest, Father John Meyer, and two church buildings. Saturday night mass was held at St. Michael's for St. Michael's ‘parishioners,’ and on Sunday morning, mass was held at St. Mary's. In 1993, the area's two other Catholic Churches (St. Patrick's and St. Anthony's) were merged with St. Mary's-St. Michael's as well. St. Michael's had extensive roof damage", "id": "2385663" }, { "contents": "St. Michael's Church, Hildesheim\n\n\nin 1010 and dedicated the still unfinished building to Michael on the archangel's feast day, 29 September 1022, just a few weeks before his death. Construction, however, continued under his successor, Bishop Godehard (died 1038), who completed the work in 1031 and reconsecrated the church to Michael on September 29 of that year. The church has double choirs east and west, double tripartite transepts at either end of the nave, and six towers----two large ones over the crossings east and west, and four other tall and", "id": "721679" }, { "contents": "St. Augustine's Catholic Church (Napoleon, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Augustine's Catholic Church is a historic church in Napoleon, Ohio, United States. Located on the edge of the city's downtown, two blocks away from the Henry County Courthouse, the church is a prominent landmark in Napoleon. St. Augustine Parish was founded at some point between 1856 and 1858; its first priest was Michael Pietz. The parish was dedicated to St. Augustine in honor of Augustine Pilliod, who supervised the construction of its first building. This structure was replaced with the current church, which was built at", "id": "13450149" }, { "contents": "Saint Patrick's Church (Dubuque, Iowa)\n\n\nMcCabe was assigned as the first resident pastor. The cornerstone of the present brick church was laid in 1877, and the building dedicated on August 15, 1878. In 1928, the Rev. J.J. Hanley remodeled and enlarged the church. St. Patrick Church was originally built for service to the Irish settlers of Dubuque and while the parish has maintained a healthy respect for its Irish heritage over its many years of service, the parish now specializes in service to the Hispanic residents of Dubuque. The parish offers a Spanish Mass on Sundays,", "id": "20590874" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nsecond parish for German-speaking Catholics. In April 1869 the first bishop of Cleveland, Bishop Louis Amadeus Rappe, appointed Fr. Stephen Falk to have a two-story building built. The building would be used as a church on the upper level and a school on the lower level to accommodate the 200 families from St. Mary's that lived west of 44th Street. The newly ordained Fr. Casimir Reichlin became the first pastor and said the first Mass of the parish on May 1, 1870. He served as pastor", "id": "19215918" }, { "contents": "Immaculate Conception Catholic Church (Fulda, Ohio)\n\n\n. Construction began on a small church building under the ministry of the priest from Miltonsburg, and Archbishop Purcell of Cincinnati dedicated it in 1853. Ten years later, the parishioners constructed a parish school, and a rectory followed in 1866; its large size and pretentious architecture resulted in a high construction cost of $2,500. By this time, the original church building had become entirely inadequate for the needs of the congregation, and replacement plans were laid; the cornerstone was laid in May 1874, and Bishop Rosecrans of Columbus dedicated", "id": "19205436" }, { "contents": "St. Vitus's Church, Cleveland\n\n\nSt. Vitus is a parish of the Roman Catholic Church in Cleveland, Ohio, United States, in the Diocese of Cleveland. The parish church, located at 6019 Lausche Avenue in the St. Clair-Superior neighborhood, was completed in 1932. The first documented Slovenian to settle in the Cleveland area was Joseph Turk, who came about 1883, most likely from Carniola, and settled on Marble Avenue, near the steel mills. He helped organize the Catholic Slovenes in Cleveland, and requested that Bishop Richard Gilmour of Cleveland appoint a", "id": "916020" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Catholic Church (St. Patrick, Ohio)\n\n\nrectory in 1919 to house its pastor; before its construction, St. Patrick's was served by priests from St. Michael's Church in Fort Loramie to the southwest. In 1977, the church and rectory were recorded by the Ohio Historic Inventory for the purpose of historic preservation; both buildings were ranked in good condition without any significant risks. Two years later, they were listed together on the National Register of Historic Places, along with over thirty other buildings in the Land of the Cross-Tipped Churches. When these churches were", "id": "15760892" }, { "contents": "Cathedral of St Michael and St John\n\n\n. In that year work commenced on a permanent church building located on the corner of George and Keppel Streets. St Michael's Church was a Victorian Gothic style building constructed in brick. It was in use by 1841 but appears not to have been completed until 1846 when leadlight windows were installed. Bishop John Bede Polding (1794-1877), first Catholic Archbishop of Sydney, was interested in fostering the English Gothic style of architecture in his diocese. He arranged for plans for significant churches to be prepared by English architects including", "id": "17452035" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Cathedral, Thunder Bay\n\n\n. From there, St. Patrick's Church was one of many churches that was missioned to the First Nations in Northern Ontario, as well as St. Andrew's Church, which was handed over to the diocese in 1997. St. Patrick's was built in 1892, the same year as Thunder Bay was incorporated as a town. The foundation stone was laid on 10 October 1891, and the first Mass was celebrated on 21 August 1892. The Jesuit parish priests made plans for the construction of an elementary school later that decade.", "id": "14488629" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Catholic Church (Toledo, Ohio)\n\n\nfor use in a new building. Fr. Edward Hannin, pastor of St. Patrick's, set out to create \"the finest church in this part of the land,\" for his congregation and began to raise money for construction. When it was completed, St. Patrick's was considered one of the finest examples of Gothic Revival architecture in the United States. The exterior is constructed of Amherst blue sandstone and the interior contains ten red granite columns. The church was dedicated on April 13, 1901. The church underwent extensive", "id": "9145471" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Dayton, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Mary's Catholic Church is a historic Catholic church building in an eastern neighborhood of Dayton, Ohio, United States. Constructed at the beginning of the twentieth century, it remains home to an active parish. Its grand architecture has made it an aviator's landmark, and it has been named a historic site by the federal government. Emanuel Church, the first Catholic parish in Dayton, was formed in 1837. Many English-speaking families left to form a separate parish in 1846, but Emanuel continued growing to the point", "id": "19205373" }, { "contents": "Church of St. James the Less\n\n\nmission. Weekly celebration of Mass resumed on Sundays at 5:00 pm. The breakaway congregation now meets at the Holy Cross Catholic church and is known as the Church of Saint Michael the Archangel. During the controversy, the parish school closed circa 2006. As part of its mandate, Saint Mark's Church began a fundraising effort to open a new parish school to serve this local community. In 2009 and 2010, the St. Mark's congregation (together with St. Francis Episcopal Church in Potomac, Maryland) sponsored Vacation Bible School at", "id": "12322466" }, { "contents": "St. John's Evangelical Lutheran Church (Springfield, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. John's Evangelical Lutheran Church is a historic Lutheran church in downtown Springfield, Ohio, United States. Founded as a German-speaking parish in Springfield's early days, it grew rapidly during its first few decades, and its present large church building was constructed in the 1890s under the direction of one of Springfield's leading architects. The congregation remains in the landmark church building, which has been named a historic site. Springfield's first Lutheran congregation was organized in May 1841, and a separate group of German Lutherans began", "id": "18832000" }, { "contents": "St Michael and St John Church, Clitheroe\n\n\nGrade II listed building. In September 2008, the Jesuits handed the church over to the Diocese of Salford who continue to serve the parish. Two years later, the parish merged with St Mary Queen of Peace Church in Sabden to form the parish of Our Lady of the Valley. St Mary's was built in 1877 and it was made into a parish in 1909, so that the parishioners did not have to travel the sizeable distance to attend Mass in Clitheroe. The parish has two Sunday Masses at St Michael and St", "id": "5090732" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n. St. Paul's church building is one of just six Gothic Revival churches built in Cleveland during the 1870s that survived into the 1980s. At one time considered Cleveland's grandest and largest church, it is distinguished by the unusual architecture of the peak of the bell tower, and the open interior features extensive detailing, along with seating for one thousand worshippers. Covered with sandstone from Berea, the building was a work of Gordon W. Lloyd, a Detroit architect who also produced grand churches in Ohio cities of various sizes, ranging", "id": "19215903" }, { "contents": "St. Aloysius' Catholic Church (Carthagena, Ohio)\n\n\nerected in 1865. In their earliest years, the people worshipped in the chapel of the adjacent St. Charles Seminary. Throughout its history, the church has been significantly influenced by the seminary, which trained the priests of the Missionaries of the Precious Blood and provided pastors for the church. As its membership grew, the parish decided to construct a church building. Plans were laid and construction began in 1875; the cornerstone was laid in May 1877, and the church was consecrated on June 30, 1878; the parishioners had performed", "id": "20255448" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Church (Monroe, Michigan)\n\n\nto come. St. Michael Church is located along the River Raisin on West Front Street in the city of Monroe, MI. The 183 foot steeple isn't hard to miss. When you come into Monroe you can easily see St. Michael's A tradition at St. Michael Church is the parish prayer. It is said before the beginning of every mass. It reads: \"Lord, God, we glorify Your holy name and thank you for calling us, the people of Saint Michael the Archangel Parish, to be one in", "id": "12346363" }, { "contents": "St Michael and All Angels Church, Barton Turf\n\n\nSt Michael and All Angels is the Church of England parish church of Barton Turf in the county of Norfolk in England. See Inside here. It stands about a kilometre south-west of the village in the midst of a plantation of trees. Particularly notable for its surviving paintings, the church is listed with Grade I. The building was at first constructed in rather an undistinguished Perpendicular style, possessing a tower at the west end of the church. The church is best known for the twelve panels of its late-Gothic rood", "id": "15249529" }, { "contents": "St Michael and All Angels' Church, Haworth\n\n\nSt Michael and All Angels' Church is the Church of England parish church of Haworth, West Yorkshire. The current structure, the third church building on the site, was built between 1879 and 1881 although parts of the original medieval church building, notably the tower, survive from earlier periods. The church is best known for its historic association with the Brontë sisters whose father Revd. Patrick Brontë served as minister of the parish between 1820 and 1861. A chapel has existed on the site since 1488, though records held at", "id": "17201346" }, { "contents": "St. Peter Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Peter Church (), is a Catholic parish church in Cleveland, Ohio and part of the Diocese of Cleveland. Founded in , it is located at the intersection of Superior Ave. near East 17th St., in the Downtown neighborhood. The church is a longstanding city landmark; George Francis Houck, then the Chancellor, wrote in 1903 that, \"One of the landmarks of the city and Diocese of Cleveland is St. Peter's Church.\" It is listed as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. It is also a named", "id": "13925952" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Church (Monroe, Michigan)\n\n\n. It was used as a church on the first floor and on the second it was used for the school. Later it would only be used as St. Michael School. Then in 1866 the cornerstone for the present church was laid. The large 187 foot steeple wasn't added until 1883. In 1874 the 3-story rectory was built east of the church. In 1918 the parish built the present building of St. Michael School which is now a part of Monroe Catholic Elementary Schools. The movement to establish the parish started in 1845", "id": "12346356" }, { "contents": "St. Casimir Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nRichard Gilmour for permission to form a new parish and build a church for their own use. In December 1891, Monsignor Felix Boff, V.G., administrator of the diocese, granted the required permission. Those parishioners left to form St. Casimir Church in 1891. The parish was founded in 1891 — about 44 years after the Diocese of Cleveland was erected by Pope Pius IX. In December, 1891, Boff appointed Father Benedict Rosinski, pastor of St. Adalbert's, Berea, Ohio, to take charge of the mission. On", "id": "12488231" }, { "contents": "St James' Church, Forest Gate\n\n\nSt James' Church, Forest Gate was a church in Forest Gate, east London. Its origins lay in an iron building constructed around 1870 to serve a conventional district. A parish was formed for it in 1881 from those of Emmanuel Church, All Saints and St John's and its permanent church completed the following year, with an organ moved from St Matthew's Church, Friday Street. The church was demolished in 1964 and for two years its congregation worshiped in the Durning Hall Community Centre's chapel until the parish was", "id": "17208906" }, { "contents": "North Presbyterian Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nNorth Presbyterian Church is a historic Presbyterian church on the east side of Cleveland, Ohio, United States. Constructed in the 1880s, the church building has been named a historic site. Throughout its history, the congregation has been focused on Sunday school work. North Presbyterian Church developed out of a mission Sunday school established in east-side Cleveland in 1859. The local presbytery organized a congregation out of the Sunday school in 1867, and within a short while, the new congregation formed the first of two mission Sunday schools in", "id": "19215693" }, { "contents": "St. Vitus's Church, Cleveland\n\n\nVitus to work on the interior. It was finished for the centennial celebration of the parish later that year. St. Vitus remains a strong parish, but Fr. Božnar works with Bishop Lennon's programs to cluster parishes in order to increase strength for inner-city parishes. The church building of St. Vitus itself is constructed in the Lombard-Roman style with pale yellow Falston brick. It is 141 feet long and 100 feet wide with an attached parish house on its west side. Its two Romanesque bell towers reach 110 feet", "id": "916027" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Michael (St. Michael, Minnesota)\n\n\nof the church came from Saint John's Abbey in Collegeville. In 1866 a new church was built in the center of the town and served for about 25 years. In 1890 the parish built a Gothic Revival building, which was the largest church in Wright County at the time. The building features ornate statues and German woodcarvings. Although the parish had a mostly German ethnicity for many years, since 1985 the number of families in the parish doubled, and it no longer appears to be an ethnic parish. In 2004 the", "id": "1327870" }, { "contents": "St. Thomas Church (Underhill, Vermont)\n\n\nSt. Thomas Church is a Roman Catholic church in the Town of Underhill, Vermont in the United States, located in the unincorporated village of \"Underhill Center\". The church was built from 1891-92 after its predecessor had burned down on 19 December 1890. The cornerstone for the current St. Thomas Church building was laid on 12 August 1891 at an event that had an estimated 1,000 attendees. Although the construction period spanned from 1 May 1891 until December 1892, the first Mass was nevertheless held in the basement of the church", "id": "6739395" }, { "contents": "St. William Parish (Lawncrest)\n\n\n1950s and 60's, saw many changes come to the physical plant of the Parish that reflected the housing boom of the area, the economic upswing of the times and the growing parish population. Many of the original \"Motley Buildings\" were completely replaced. The Middle School (Junior High/Upper School) building was built and later an additional floor was added. When consideration was had for the completion of the Upper Church, it was found that the basement church was not structurally sufficient to support additional construction. In 1955", "id": "10364503" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Michael the Archangel, Katowice\n\n\nChurch of St. Michael Archangel () is one of the oldest buildings in Katowice. It's located in Kościuszko Park, where it was moved in 1938 from the village Syrynia, where it was originally constructed in 1510. It is under the invocation of St. Michael. It has end-fitted log framework construction and shingled roof. Free-standing belltower was completed before 1679; it has historic lych-gate and wooden fence around the churchyard. The church of St. Michael Archangel was first built in 1305 in Syrynia, near", "id": "21359049" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Catholic Church (St. Patrick, Ohio)\n\n\n's was closely connected to many other churches in western Ohio: wide areas of western Ohio that were primarily settled by Catholics feature large churches at sparsely-populated crossroads. While most of these churches are constructed in the Gothic Revival style of architecture, some of the newer churches of the region — including St. Patrick's — appear in a variety of styles; St. Patrick's was one of the few that lacked the high steeples of the Gothic Revival structures. The leading role of these churches in western Shelby County and the lands", "id": "15760890" }, { "contents": "St Michael's Roman Catholic Church, Linlithgow\n\n\nchildren the congregation capitalised on the spirit of cooperation and community and set out to build a school. Located on a site next to the church St. Joseph's school was opened on 1 July 1889 and served the children of the parish until 1964 when new premises were occupied at Preston Road. Although during this time Fr Easson had replaced Fr Murphy as parish priest there was no change of emphasis and all the parish energies were engaged in the effort to complete the church building programme. Plans to double the size of the church were", "id": "17679127" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Delaware, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Mary's Catholic Church is a historic Catholic parish church in the city of Delaware, Ohio, United States. Constructed in the 1880s, this grand building is home to a congregation established in the middle of the nineteenth century. Its grand style has long made it a community landmark, and it was named a historic landmark in 1980. Delaware's first Masses were celebrated by travelling priests in the homes of the city's few Catholics, most of whom were Irish or German immigrants. The members built the first St. Mary", "id": "2642749" }, { "contents": "Church of the Resurrection (Rye, New York)\n\n\nin 1881 at the intersection of Purchase Street and the Boston Post Road, where services were then offered. The parish was incorporated on January 29, 1886, and title to the property was transferred from the archdiocese to the parish itself. A new church building was completed in 1889 on Purchase Street, while the former building was used as the rectory. Thereafter, construction of a parochial school on the Boston Post Road began in 1906 and was completed two years later. With the number of parishioners growing, the church purchased land", "id": "19300829" }, { "contents": "Near North Side, Chicago\n\n\n, most of this area was an enclave to the first emigrants from Puerto Rico to Chicago, who referred to it as part of \"La Clark\" until commercialization decorated late 1960s shop signs with the name of Old Town. The neighborhood is home to St. Michael's Church, originally built to serve German immigrants, and one of only 7 to survive the great Chicago fire. St. Michael's, Holy Name Cathedral, Immaculate Conception, and St. Joseph's Catholic churches all catered to Latinos with a Mass in Spanish. Many", "id": "1540930" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Massillon, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Mary's Catholic Church is a historic Catholic church building in the city of Massillon, Ohio, United States. Constructed in 1876 for a congregation composed largely of European immigrants, it has been named a historic site. The origins of St. Mary parish lie among numerous Germans and Irish who settled in Massillon in its early years and built a small house of worship on Cherry Road in the 1840s. This building stood until 1875, when it was destroyed so that the present church might occupy its location; it was built in", "id": "19205828" }, { "contents": "St. Anne Church (Berlin, New Hampshire)\n\n\nSt. Anne Church is a historic church at 58 Church Street in Berlin, New Hampshire, United States. It is the church for Good Shepherd Parish within the Roman Catholic Diocese of Manchester. St. Anne Parish was founded in 1867, and was Berlin's first Roman Catholic congregation. It was merged with Guardian Angel Parish, St. Joseph Parish, and St. Kieran Parish in 2000 to form Good Shepherd Parish. Its building, constructed in 1900, is an important local example of Romanesque architecture, and was listed on the National Register", "id": "2452362" }, { "contents": "St. Peter Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n, put up by Luhr, was torn down and replaced by a large pastoral residence adjoining the rear of the church, at a cost of $12,000. In the same year a third story was added to St. Peter's school building, and arranged for a parish hall, containing a stage and other conveniences, at a cost of $10,000. In the synod of January 3, 1889, St. Peter's congregation was the first mentioned among the nine principal churches of the diocese which Gilmour named as rectorates, with an", "id": "13925965" }, { "contents": "Trinity Cathedral (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nfirst church building built within the village limits of Cleveland. In 1846, to meet the needs of a growing parish, plans for a larger, centralized building just east of Public Square commenced. The congregation moved into the larger stone structure in the Gothic style on Superior Avenue in 1855. In 1890, Trinity Church was offered to Bishop William A. Leonard for use as a cathedral for the Diocese of Ohio. The congregation would maintain the building and it would serve dual roles as the parish church and cathedral for the diocese.", "id": "19215933" }, { "contents": "St. Andrew's Cathedral (Jackson, Mississippi)\n\n\nat the time that was not located along the Mississippi River. Its church was burned by the Union Army during the American Civil War in 1863. The cornerstone for the second church was laid by the Rt. Rev. William Mercer Green in 1869. By the turn of the Twentieth Century the congregation had outgrown its church building and the present structure was completed in 1903. The Parish House was constructed between 1923 and 1924. The congregation continued to grow and the building along West Street was built in 1955. The bishop moved his", "id": "20556538" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Evansville, Indiana)\n\n\nservice in the first church building was held on April 15, 1883. While construction ensued, a congregant and frequent benefactor, Charles Viele, offered the use of Viele Hall (located on 2nd street between Main and Sycamore streets) to St. Paul's parish. The cornerstone for new St. Paul's was laid on September 3, 1883, and construction completed on March 2, 1886 with Bishop D.B. Knickerbacker consecrating the new building. Charles and Mary Viele continued to sponsor further construction on the church grounds - first with a rectory", "id": "20407572" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Church (Monroe, Michigan)\n\n\nSaint Michael the Archangel Church (St. Michael Church) is located on the west side of the city of Monroe, Michigan along the River Raisin. It is home to 1,200 families and it is one of most important religious institutes in Monroe County. It was founded in the year 1852. The present building was built from 1866-1867. It is in the Archdiocese of Detroit. Its current priest is Rev. Phillip Ching. When the parish was first established, the mayor of Monroe palatial residence was remodeled as a temporary church", "id": "12346355" }, { "contents": "St. Mary Congregational Church\n\n\nSt. Mary Congregational Church in Abbeville, Louisiana is the oldest incorporated, predominantly African-American church in Vermilion Parish. Its historic Gothic Revival style church at 213 S. Louisiana Avenue, constructed in 1905 to replace a previous building, was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1999. American Missionary Association records show the congregation dates to at least 1877. The structure is a three-bay, gable-fronted church with a prominent corner tower. The tower is three-stage and square. The church is currently non", "id": "17676536" }, { "contents": "St. Charles of the Valley Catholic Church and Rectory\n\n\nSt. Charles Borromeo Church is a Catholic parish in Hailey, Idaho, in the Diocese of Boise. Its historic parish church and rectory complex, located at Pine and S. 1st Streets, is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Fr. E.M. Nattini began ministering in the Wood River Valley in the 1880s. The population was growing rapidly, and he was soon able to raise funds for the construction of the first church of St. Charles, which began June 17, 1883. It was the first Catholic church ineast of", "id": "20581174" }, { "contents": "Sacred Heart Catholic Church (Dayton, Ohio)\n\n\nprompted some of the members to leave in July 1883 and establish Sacred Heart Church; under the leadership of St. Joseph's associate pastor Hugh McDevitt, the congregation rented a meeting hall while waiting for the construction of their building. Land for the present church was purchased for $19,000, and William Henry Elder laid the cornerstone in June 1888. Exterior work was completed in the following year, and by 1893 construction was close enough to completion that the congregation could begin worshipping in their building. The building was consecrated by Bishop Maes", "id": "22206155" }, { "contents": "St. Vincent de Paul Church (Pontiac, Michigan)\n\n\n. The church continued to grow, and in the 1880s, the Reverend Fridolin Baumgartner began raising funds for the construction of the present church. The congregation hired the Detroit architecture firm of Donaldson & Meier to design the church, and the cornerstone was laid on September 6, 1885. The church was dedicated two years later, on September 18, 1887. A 6600-pound bell was installed in the church in 1890. A rectory was constructed in 1895, a school building was added in 1897, and a parish hall in 1911", "id": "19268922" }, { "contents": "St. Boniface Roman Catholic Church\n\n\npopulation on the west side. In 1873, a two-story, red brick Italianate rectory building was built for the parish at a cost of $6,000. A stone church building was planned by the prominent local architect William M. Scott, and construction was completed in 1883 at a cost of $30,000. The parish was closed in 1989, and the building was demolished a few years later. St. Boniface Church was an eclectic example of Romanesque Revival and Ruskinian Gothic architecture. It was built in a cruciform shape from red", "id": "9736494" } ]

[ { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nchurch congregation reached its peak size in the 1950, when only 25% of the parishioners were of German descent. The first Spanish Mass was said in 1971 for the growing number of Hispanic parishioners. The congregation now is mostly Latin American. The church now offers Masses in both English and Spanish. An annual Good Friday Procession begins or ends at St. Michael's. St Michael's and La Sagrada Familia church alternate every year to begin or end at one of the two churches. There is a stop at St Patrick's", "id": "19125747" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nwhile the new building was under construction. The current church, which had its cornerstone laid in 1889, was completed five years ahead of schedule in 1892. The church building is considered a good example of High Victorian Gothic architecture with its two towers of unequal height, the taller of which rises , and three archways. An architecturally notable school adjacent to the church began construction in 1906 and was completed in 1907. For many years the church was one of the most costly and artistically notable churches in the Cleveland Diocese. The", "id": "19125746" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Michael the Archangel is a Roman Catholic church located at 3114 Scranton Road in the Clark-Fulton neighborhood on the west side of Cleveland, Ohio. The church is named in honor of St. Michael the Archangel and was completed in 1892. The congregation was founded in 1881 as a mission of Ohio City, Cleveland's St. Mary's on-the-Flats to serve a growing German immigrant population on Cleveland's west side. The original church and school building were constructed in 1883 but burned on June 29, 1891,", "id": "19125745" }, { "contents": "St. John's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n's. Trinity Cathedral is now the seat of the Episcopal Diocese of Ohio. St. John's was also the mother church to several of the west side parishes. In 1837, the Ohio City Directory described the church as follows, \"The Episcopal Church, which is not yet finished, is built of hammered stone, and has a lofty steeple. Its style of architecture is Gothic, resembling that of the ancient and venerable Cathedral. This building, when finished, will be one of the best of the kind in the", "id": "18742416" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cincinnati, Ohio)\n\n\n1847. The cornerstone was laid August 1, 1847 and the church dedicated June 4, 1848. Rev. Fr. Zoppoth was selected as the first pastor for the congregation. In 1868 St. Michael Church became the mother parish to St. Lawrence Church which was organized that same year. The Comboni Missionaries took charge of the parish in 1964. By this time many of the German-speaking families in the parish had begun to move to other parts of the city. In a mass celebrated by Daniel Edward Pilarczyk the church building was", "id": "11338583" }, { "contents": "St. Columba Cathedral (Youngstown, Ohio)\n\n\nThe first Mass celebrated in Youngstown occurred in 1826. St. Columba Parish was founded in 1847, the year that Pope Pius IX established the Diocese of Cleveland, of which Youngstown was a part. The first church was completed in 1850. As the parish grew, it required a larger church, which it completed in 1868. The first parish school building was opened three years later. The parish continued to grow and constructed yet another church which opened in 1897. Bishop Ignatius Horstmann consecrated the sanctuary in 1903. The parish added", "id": "13619245" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Stephen Church is a Roman Catholic church located in the Detroit-Shoreway neighborhood on the west side of Cleveland, Ohio. The gothic style building was designed by architects Cudell & Richardson. The current church was built in 1875 and was added into the National Register of Historic Places in 1977. St. Stephen Roman Catholic Church was founded in 1869 due to a need for a second German parish on the west side of Cleveland. The first German parish, St. Mary's, increased so much that Cleveland was in need of a", "id": "19215917" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cincinnati, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Michael the Archangel Church is a Roman Catholic church located at 2110 St. Michael Street, in Cincinnati, Ohio. The cornerstone of this church was laid in 1847 and the church dedicated a year later. The church closed April 5, 1998. As the tide of German immigrants continued to rise in Cincinnati, more churches were needed. Holy Trinity Church was the first German speaking parish. As the city grew in three directions; north, east and west; there were three parishes which descended from that parish Old St. Mary", "id": "11338581" }, { "contents": "St. John's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. John's Episcopal Church is located at 2600 Church Avenue in the Ohio City neighborhood of Cleveland, Ohio. St. John's is the oldest consecrated building in Cuyahoga county. This stone gothic revival church building was designed by Hezekiah Eldredge and built beginning in 1836 and was completed 1838. Eldridge was probably familiar with John Henry Hopkins' \"An Essay on Gothic Architecture\", the first book on Gothic ecclesiastical architecture to be published in the United States. St. John's is a good representative of a small group of American churches", "id": "18742414" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland Heights, Ohio)\n\n\nFairmount Blvd, it is a contributing property in the Fairmount Boulevard District, which is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. St. Paul's was first established in the city of Cleveland, Ohio on October 26, 1846. The congregation did not have its own building until 1851, as a frame building completed in 1849 burned completely. A small brick church in the Gothic Revival style was completed for the parish at Euclid and Sheriff (East 4th) Streets by 1858. St. Paul's congregation outgrew the church, however", "id": "18644038" }, { "contents": "Irvington, Baltimore\n\n\nPassion\", marking the beginning of St. Joseph's Monastery Parish. Construction of a new, larger church began in 1881 and was completed in 1883. Its cornerstone was placed by Cardinal James Gibbons. The original monastery, beside the church, burned down in 1883. A new monastery was completed in 1886. The monastery chapel is extant and contains an 1887 Niemann pipe organ. The congregation of St. Joseph's Monastery Parish outgrew their church building in the following century. In 1931, Archbishop Michael Joseph Curley placed the cornerstone for", "id": "5906170" }, { "contents": "St. Theodosius Russian Orthodox Cathedral\n\n\nSt. Theodosius Cathedral is an Orthodox church located on Starkweather Avenue in the Tremont neighborhood, on the near west side of Cleveland, Ohio. It is considered one of the best examples of Russian church architecture in the U.S. and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The parish is the first Orthodox parish in Cleveland and is currently under the jurisdiction of the Diocese of the Midwest of the Orthodox Church in America. St. Theodosius is perhaps best known for its appearance in the 1978 film, \"The Deer Hunter\" with", "id": "13141384" }, { "contents": "St. Casimir Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nBoth the church building and the school building are GNIS named features. The church building is listed as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. To provide properly for the large and steadily increasing number of Poles in the north-eastern part of Cleveland it was necessary to organize them into the third Polish congregation within the limits of the city. They lived too far away from St. Stanislaus Church, with which they had been affiliated, for them to conveniently either attend Mass or for their children to attend the parish school. They therefore petitioned Bishop", "id": "12488230" }, { "contents": "St. Henry's Catholic Church (Harriettsville, Ohio)\n\n\nChurch in Fulda in order to hear Mass. Virtually all of the members in the early decades were Germans or of German descent. A parish school was formed in the late 1870s, and in its first twenty years, the parish grew fourfold in membership. This growth caused the original church building to be too small: land for a new building was purchased in 1879, and construction finished in 1894. St. Henry's Church is a stone building in the Gothic Revival style; the most prominent component is a multi-story tower", "id": "19205430" }, { "contents": "St. Michael's Church, Old Town, Chicago\n\n\nSt. Michael's Church in the Old Town neighborhood of Chicago is a Roman Catholic church staffed by the Redemptorist order of priests. The parish was founded to minister to German Catholic immigrants in 1852 with its first wooden church completed that year at a cost of $750 (including the bell). The building stands at the intersection of Eugenie Street and Cleveland Avenue. The church was built as a haven for German immigrants who were outcasts in Old Chicago. In addition, the town's main church, St. Joseph's Church,", "id": "10838314" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cincinnati, Ohio)\n\n\n's Church, St. Philomena's Church and St. Joseph's Church. The three parishes were founded in 1840, 1846 and 1846 respectively. As more immigration followed, St. Michael's was founded, the first filial parish of St. Joseph. The parish was located to what was then called Storrs Township. Forty-five persons organized themselves into a congregation in the early part of 1847 and drew up a constitution for the church A lot was donated by Innocent Troenle and two additional adjacent pieces of property were bought in April and May", "id": "11338582" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Michael and St. Anthony\n\n\ntoday to mostly Poles and Italians. The church has also been noted for its Byzantine Revival architecture, complete with a dome and minaret-styled tower, making it \"one of the more unique examples of church architecture in Montréal.\" Construction on the Church of St. Michael the Archangel began in 1914, for what would grow to become the largest anglophone parish in Montreal. After a brief delay following the commencement of World War I, the church was completed in 1915 at a cost of $232,000, with a capacity of", "id": "10850773" }, { "contents": "Zion Lutheran Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nother Cleveland-area Lutheran congregations, including Trinity Lutheran Church, are Zion's daughters. The original church building was located downtown, but the east-side German community was strong enough by 1902 that the congregation deemed Prospect Avenue a better location for serving the community. From its earliest years, the congregation had sponsored a school; Zion Lutheran School was founded in 1848, at which time all scholars were instructed in German. The school moved to Prospect Avenue ahead of the church; the present building was completed in 1903,", "id": "19215937" }, { "contents": "St. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\non their behalf with papal authorities, and Charles Boehm of Hungary settled in Cleveland in late 1892 to serve the new St. Elizabeth parish, the first Hungarian nationality parish in America. Boehm immediately began registering members and advocating for the construction of a church complex; the first church building, a brick structure, was erected by the end of 1893, a school soon followed, and a larger school was completed in 1900 because of expanded enrollment. He also began a Hungarian-language parish newspaper that soon gained subscribers in other parts", "id": "19215854" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church, Madison\n\n\ndying Catholics (he was a doctor as well). Costigan is believed to have been the Catholic architect of the church. Costigan was only recorded as being a member of the parish during the construction, but details of the church building mirror his other buildings in Madison. In December 1839 St. Michael the Archangel Catholic Church was completed. As the City of Madison grew, so did its Catholic population. German–Catholics had increased highly in numbers and had formed a separate congregation within St. Michael's. In 1850, the", "id": "2385658" }, { "contents": "Pilgrim Congregational Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nonly a short time, as construction on the present building was started just 23 years after the first building was finished. The name \"Pilgrim Congregational Church\" was adopted in 1894 upon the completion of the present building; they had been styled \"Heights Congregational Church\" into the 1870s and used the name \"Jennings Avenue Congregational Church\" in the 1880s. The building was a community landmark from its earliest years — electric wiring was included in the original construction at a time when no other Cleveland buildings west of the Cuyahoga River", "id": "19215839" }, { "contents": "St. Monica Church (Manhattan)\n\n\nin 1880 he began conducting Mass over a feed store at 404 East 78th Street. The following year, he purchased land for the construction of the church and school. Construction of the first church building was completed in 1883. In 1892, the address was listed as 409 E 79th Street. The Rev. John J. Boyle served as acting rector at St. Monica's before becoming the founding pastor of St. Luke's Church (Bronx, New York). The current Gothic Revival church building was erected in 1906 to the designs of", "id": "18565781" }, { "contents": "Annunciation Church (historic) (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nAnnunciation Church (historic) (), was a Catholic parish church in Cleveland, Ohio and part of the Diocese of Cleveland. It was located at the intersection of Hurd St. and Moore St., now part of the West Side Market parking lot, in the Ohio City neighborhood. The location where the church once stood can be found, in an 1881 atlas, at the south-west corner of Hurd St. and Moore St., on the west bank of the Cuyahoga river above part of the Flats historically known as Ox", "id": "14549709" }, { "contents": "Sacred Heart of Jesus Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n. Between 1885 and 1889 a large number of Poles settled in South Cleveland, in the area of East 71st St. and Harvard Ave. They lived too far away from St. Stanislaus church for them to conveniently either attend Mass or for their children to attend the parish school. They petitioned Bishop Richard Gilmour for permission to form a new parish and build a church for their own use. The petition to form a new parish and build a church was granted, and the parish was founded in  — about 42 years after the Diocese", "id": "12287909" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland Heights, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Paul's Episcopal Church is a parish of the Episcopal Church in Cleveland Heights, Ohio. The current rector is the Rev. Jeanne Leinbach, installed on October 23, 2015. She is the first female rector of St. Paul's. Her predecessor was the Rev. Alan M. Gates, who served from 2004-2014, before his election as Bishop of Massachusetts. St. Paul's is a leading church and has the largest congregation in the Episcopal Diocese of Ohio. The church building is a Cleveland Heights landmark. Located at 2747", "id": "18644037" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nRev. Richard Gilmour. Volunteer German and Hungarian woodworkers completed the interior of the church. Over the next 40 years, the parish added a rectory, convent for the Sisters of Notre Dame and two school buildings including one for and an all girls two-year high school which opened in 1905. After World War II, St. Stephen's parish experienced unprecedented growth due to the population growth in Cleveland and throughout the country. On June 8, 1953 a tornado severely damaged the church structure. Work to restore the building began immediately", "id": "19215920" }, { "contents": "Cathedral of St. John the Evangelist (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nstyle and the Bishop laid the cornerstone October 22, 1848. Until the new building was completed in 1852, St. Mary's served as cathedral for the diocese. At the time of its completion, the new cathedral was the well beyond Cleveland's Public Square. Alterations and additions began on the church almost as soon as the initial construction was complete. In 1857, a boys' school was added and within ten years, it was joined by a parish hall and girls' school. In 1879, the parish raised sufficient", "id": "10656550" }, { "contents": "St. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nthe present building. Although the cornerstone was laid in 1918, the construction process was lengthy, and it was finally completed only in 1922. Built primarily of limestone, according to a design of Cleveland architect Emile Uhlrich, the church is an example of Italian-influenced Baroque Revival architecture, partly modelled after the church of Sant'Agnese in Agone in Rome. Two great towers, topped with cupolas, form the ends of the facade, while a great rose window sits in the middle section of the facade high above the main entrance", "id": "19215857" }, { "contents": "St. Nicholas' Catholic Church (Osgood, Ohio)\n\n\nnearby villages; St. Augustine's Church in Minster and St. Michael's Church in Fort Loramie were established by 1850, but the foundations of a parish in Osgood were not laid until 1904, and formal establishment of the parish came in 1906. In its earliest years, the Mass was celebrated in common buildings; after worshipping for a time in a school, the parishioners purchased a barn for ecclesiastical purposes. For many years, the improvement of the parish's facilities was hindered by its size; the fewness of its members meant", "id": "421917" }, { "contents": "Union–Miles Park\n\n\na congregation for African Americans, was founded 1914, and erected its first church building and school in 1916 at what is now Union Avenue and Martin Luther King Drive. The congregation that formed Archangel Michael Orthodox Church ( St. Michael's Orthodox Church) split from St. John the Baptist Orthodox Church in 1921. It began construction of its new church home at 10000 Union Avenue in April 1924, completing the structure in 1926. Although the long-standing Cataract House closed in 1917, the first Union–Miles Park movie theater,", "id": "20793486" }, { "contents": "St. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church is a historic Roman Catholic church in the Buckeye Road neighborhood on the east side of Cleveland, Ohio, United States. The earliest ethnic parish established for Hungarians in the United States, its present building was constructed in the early twentieth century, and it has been named a historic site. Cleveland's first Hungarian Catholics initially worshipped at St. Ladislaus' Church, an east-side Slovakian parish, but ethnic strife and increasing immigration prompted the Hungarian community to seek their own parish. Bishop Horstmann interceded", "id": "19215853" }, { "contents": "Sacred Heart of Jesus Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSacred Heart of Jesus (), was a Catholic parish church in Cleveland, Ohio and part of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland. It was located at the north-west corner of intersection of East 71st St. and Kazimier St., in a part of the South Broadway neighborhood previously known in Polish as \"\" and nicknamed \"Goosetown\". Both the church building and the school building are GNIS named features. The church, school, and rectory buildings are listed together as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. The church was closed", "id": "12287908" }, { "contents": "St. Mary Mother of the Redeemer Church (Norwalk, Ohio)\n\n\nSaint Mary Mother of the Redeemer Church is a parish in the Roman Catholic Diocese of Toledo. The current church is located at 38 W. League Street, Norwalk, Ohio. Construction on the building began on May 29, 1889, and was completed in 1894. The church was previously twinned with St. Alphonsus in Peru, Ohio, but was later twinned with St. Anthony in Milan, Ohio, after a mass restructuring of the diocese. The Century House was a name given to several buildings, now all demolished, within the", "id": "21671394" }, { "contents": "Pilgrim Congregational Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nPilgrim Congregational Church is a historic congregation of the United Church of Christ in Cleveland, Ohio, United States. Constructed in the 1890s for a congregation founded in the 1850s, it was named a historic site in the 1970s. Congregationalists began operating a Sunday school in Cleveland's Tremont neighborhood in 1854, and their efforts resulted in the creation of a church five years later. The members began construction of their first church building in 1865, although it was not completed until 1870. It was suitable for the congregation's needs for", "id": "19215838" }, { "contents": "Sidney Mason Stone\n\n\n; St. Patrick's Church, New Haven (1853) constructed of East Haven sandstone;First Congregational Church, Naugatuck, CT (1855) and Wooster Place Congregational Church, Wooster Square, New Haven (1855) (now the Church of St. Michael) the original design for which featured a Corinthian portico and tall steeple. In \"New Haven: A Guide to Architecture and Urban Design\", Brown remarks on St. Michael's, “The building has burned twice, the steeple blown down once...Only the side walls and tall", "id": "165241" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Dayton, Ohio)\n\n\ncentury, the parish had outgrown it, and construction began on a new building; Archbishop Moeller laid the cornerstone in July 1905 and consecrated it in November 1906. Growth continued, and St. Anthony's Church was established in 1913 by families coming out of St. Mary's. St. Mary's remains an active part of the Archdiocese of Cincinnati to the present day. Masses are celebrated both in English and in Spanish. The current St. Mary's Church is a Romanesque Revival structure built in a mix of brick and stone. Constructed", "id": "19205375" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Indianapolis, Indiana)\n\n\nuntil the Diocese of Indianapolis established Holy Rosary Catholic Church, an Italian national parish in Indianapolis in 1911. After the turn of the century, when the neighborhood become commercial, the parish purchased property at New Jersey and Vermont streets, where they built the present church, which was under construction from 1910 to 1912. St. Mary's adapted to its changing ethnic neighborhood over the years. In 1967, as the city's Spanish-speaking community began to grow, the parish began offering Sunday mass in Spanish. German-language", "id": "3660949" }, { "contents": "St. John's Catholic Church (Fryburg, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. John Catholic Church is a Roman Catholic church in the unincorporated community of Fryburg in Pusheta Township, Auglaize County, Ohio, United States. The parish was established in 1848, the same year in which the community was platted, and construction was completed in 1850. A Catholic school in connection with the church was established in 1877. Both buildings feature fine architecture: the church includes Gothic Revival elements such as ornate pilasters and lancet windows, while the former school is a good example of Federal architecture. St. John's is", "id": "11283325" }, { "contents": "St. Augustine Parish (Hartford, Connecticut)\n\n\nSt. Augustine Parish is a Roman Catholic parish located in Hartford, Connecticut. In addition to a church, the parish also administers a school, St. Augustine School. St. Augustine Parish was established in August 1902 with Fr. Michael Barry appointed as its first pastor. At that time, a church building had not yet been constructed so mass was offered at the Washington Street School until a basement chapel was completed in 1903. The current Romanesque-style church was completed in 1912 and dedicated by Bishop John J. Nilan of the then", "id": "21104070" }, { "contents": "Zion Lutheran Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nFirst Methodist, Trinity Cathedral, and St. Paul's Episcopal Church on Euclid Avenue. This condition persisted into the mid-1910s, at which point the neighborhood transitioned into a largely commercial area. Beginning after 1930, the neighborhood deteriorated as many buildings were demolished, often to create room for parking lots. In such an environment Zion Lutheran Church was constructed in 1902 and opened for public use in the following year. It is home to a congregation founded by German immigrants in 1843, the oldest extant Lutheran congregation in the city; many", "id": "19215936" }, { "contents": "Church of St Paul, Letchworth\n\n\nallow construction of the new church to begin, with the foundation stone being laid on 10 October 1923 by the Marchioness of Salisbury. Work on the first section of the building was completed including three and a half bays of the nave with arcades at the sides. This first section was consecrated by Michael Furse, the Bishop of St Albans on 3 May 1924. A tower was intended but was never built. By 1924 the church was becoming too small for its growing congregation and work on an extension began in early 1931,", "id": "1720772" }, { "contents": "Basilica of the Sacred Heart of Jesus, Syracuse\n\n\noriginal church was located across the street from the current structure. The first Mass in the new parish church was said on August 30, 1892, with the formal dedication taking place nearly a year later on June 11, 1893. The congregation outgrew the first church within a decade, and a decision was made to construct a new church. The foundations were built by parishioners in order to save money, and the cornerstone was laid in 1907. Work was completed in three years, and the church was completed and dedicated on", "id": "4119395" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n, side altars and pulpit are made entirely of oak wood and decorated with beautiful German woodcarvings. The church pews are also oak. A Mexican onyx and brass Communion rail was installed over the years and the floor of the sanctuary and aisles is made of black and white marble tiles. St. Stephen's is a fully active Roman Catholic Parish in the Diocese of Cleveland. This means that they have a full parish staff and church council. They have regular Sunday Masses as well as daily Masses. German Mass is offered every first", "id": "19215923" }, { "contents": "Roncesvalles, Toronto\n\n\nWomenpriests at the church. St. Casimir's Polish Roman Catholic Church at Garden Avenue, offers Polish masses on Sundays. Its origins begin in 1944 when the Oblate Mission decided to create the third Polish parish (and first in the west end) in Toronto. The lot on which the church stands today was purchased for $15,000 in 1948 and construction on the parish hall began the same year. The first mass was held in the church hall in 1949. The church was completed and officially began offering mass on May 23,", "id": "3040916" }, { "contents": "Rajavoor\n\n\nSt. Michael's Shrine which is located at the center part of Rajavoor. The annual feast starts on the first Friday of May with a flag hoisting followed by a ten-day Mass and adoration. The eighth, ninth and tenth days are marked with a car procession to St. Michael Archangel, carnival ended with High Mass in front of the Holy Cars. The Roman Catholics and parish are administered by the Kottar Diocese. Another notable church, Our Lady of Presentation (Kaanikkai Maathaa) Church is attached to the Rajavoor Parish as", "id": "4595849" }, { "contents": "Transfiguration Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nBaptist Church in the nearby suburb of Garfield Heights, Ohio, which had a large, new structure. In April 1943, Trinity Baptist Church sold its building to the Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland for $35,000 ($ in dollars). The Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland erected Transfiguration Parish on July 30, 1943. The parish was divided from nearby Immaculate Heart of Mary Church and Shrine Church of St. Stanislaus parishes. Reverend Joseph F. Zabawa was named the pastor of the new congregation, which took up residence in the Trinity", "id": "20542089" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Augustine (Larchmont, New York)\n\n\nThe Church of St. Augustine is a Roman Catholic church located in Larchmont, New York. The parish having been founded in 1892, the present Gothic Revival church building was constructed in 1928. With a growing number of Catholics living in Larchmont, New York—many of them domestic servants who attended Blessed Sacrament Church in New Rochelle or Most Holy Trinity Church in Mamaroneck—the Archbishop of New York, Michael Corrigan, created the parish of St. Augustine was created in 1892. The decision to establish a parish was motivated in part", "id": "19300736" }, { "contents": "St. Barbara Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Barbara Catholic Church () is a parish of the Roman Catholic Church in Cleveland, Ohio, within the Diocese of Cleveland. The parish church is located on Denison Ave. between West 16th St. and the southbound entrance to SR 176, in a part of the Brooklyn Centre neighborhood previously known in Polish as . The red brick parish church, designed by H.C. Gabele, is a local landmark. It is a GNIS named feature. The church, rectory and convent buildings are listed together as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. The", "id": "13695356" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\ntwo years the parishioners worshipped in a hotel before constructing a building at Fourth and Euclid downtown. A fire destroyed the structure before it was completed, but people throughout the city contributed funds to build a brick replacement in 1851. By the 1870s, the streets surrounding the church had become primarily commercial, so the vestry sold the building and rented halls while building the present church eastward on Euclid Avenue. Its placement amid the wealthy Millionaire's Row district soon caused it to become a symbol of the neighborhood. However, the membership", "id": "19215901" }, { "contents": "St Michael the Archangel Church, Chatham\n\n\nHeart Church in Luton. St Paulinus Church was built in 1788 as a Wesleyan Chapel. In 1892, it was bought by the local Catholic Church. Sacred Heart Church was built in 1949. On 26 June 1949, its foundation stone was laid by the parish priest of St Michael's Church. St Paulinus Church has one Sunday Mass at 9:00am. Sacred Heart Church also has one Sunday Mass, it is at 10:30am. St Michael's Church has four Sunday Masses: 6:30pm on Saturday and 9:30am, 11:00am and 6:00pm on", "id": "19228802" }, { "contents": "St Michael and All Angels Church, Kingaroy\n\n\n's construction. Architect Colin Deighton, who was assistant to John Hingeston Buckeridge, the Anglican Diocese of Brisbane Architect between 1887 and 1901, designed the church. Deighton designed a number of country churches and St Colomb's Anglican Church at Clayfield in Brisbane. The foundation stone of St Michael and All Angels Church was laid on 10 November 1910 by the Venerable Arthur Rivers, Archdeacon of Toowoomba. Construction of the building, which was to seat 250 worshippers, began in December 1910 and was completed in 1911. Its cost, including", "id": "3972006" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Catholic Church (Chicago)\n\n\nSt. Michael () is a church of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Chicago. The current church is located at E. 83rd Street and S. South Shore Drive in South Chicago, a neighborhood of Chicago, Illinois. It is a prime example of the so-called \"Polish Cathedral style\" of churches in both its opulence and grand scale. Along with Immaculate Conception, it is one of the two monumental Polish churches dominating over the South Chicago neighborhood. Founded in 1892 as a Polish parish in Chicago to relieve overcrowding at Immaculate", "id": "20616064" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nof St. Stephen's for 38 years. In 1873, Fr. Reichlin realized that a new church building was needed to accommodate the growing parish. The Cleveland-based architect firm called Cudell & Richardson was hired to build the structure that still stands today as St. Stephen's Roman Catholic Church. Due to economic depression in the mid-1870s, work on the new building was stopped. Parishioners mortgaged their own properties to raise funds for the new church. It was dedicated on November 20, 1881 by the second bishop of Cleveland,", "id": "19215919" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church, Madison\n\n\n1992, the parishes of St. Mary's and St. Michael's became one community of faith, with one priest, Father John Meyer, and two church buildings. Saturday night mass was held at St. Michael's for St. Michael's ‘parishioners,’ and on Sunday morning, mass was held at St. Mary's. In 1993, the area's two other Catholic Churches (St. Patrick's and St. Anthony's) were merged with St. Mary's-St. Michael's as well. St. Michael's had extensive roof damage", "id": "2385663" }, { "contents": "St. Michael's Church, Hildesheim\n\n\nin 1010 and dedicated the still unfinished building to Michael on the archangel's feast day, 29 September 1022, just a few weeks before his death. Construction, however, continued under his successor, Bishop Godehard (died 1038), who completed the work in 1031 and reconsecrated the church to Michael on September 29 of that year. The church has double choirs east and west, double tripartite transepts at either end of the nave, and six towers----two large ones over the crossings east and west, and four other tall and", "id": "721679" }, { "contents": "St. Augustine's Catholic Church (Napoleon, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Augustine's Catholic Church is a historic church in Napoleon, Ohio, United States. Located on the edge of the city's downtown, two blocks away from the Henry County Courthouse, the church is a prominent landmark in Napoleon. St. Augustine Parish was founded at some point between 1856 and 1858; its first priest was Michael Pietz. The parish was dedicated to St. Augustine in honor of Augustine Pilliod, who supervised the construction of its first building. This structure was replaced with the current church, which was built at", "id": "13450149" }, { "contents": "Saint Patrick's Church (Dubuque, Iowa)\n\n\nMcCabe was assigned as the first resident pastor. The cornerstone of the present brick church was laid in 1877, and the building dedicated on August 15, 1878. In 1928, the Rev. J.J. Hanley remodeled and enlarged the church. St. Patrick Church was originally built for service to the Irish settlers of Dubuque and while the parish has maintained a healthy respect for its Irish heritage over its many years of service, the parish now specializes in service to the Hispanic residents of Dubuque. The parish offers a Spanish Mass on Sundays,", "id": "20590874" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nsecond parish for German-speaking Catholics. In April 1869 the first bishop of Cleveland, Bishop Louis Amadeus Rappe, appointed Fr. Stephen Falk to have a two-story building built. The building would be used as a church on the upper level and a school on the lower level to accommodate the 200 families from St. Mary's that lived west of 44th Street. The newly ordained Fr. Casimir Reichlin became the first pastor and said the first Mass of the parish on May 1, 1870. He served as pastor", "id": "19215918" }, { "contents": "Immaculate Conception Catholic Church (Fulda, Ohio)\n\n\n. Construction began on a small church building under the ministry of the priest from Miltonsburg, and Archbishop Purcell of Cincinnati dedicated it in 1853. Ten years later, the parishioners constructed a parish school, and a rectory followed in 1866; its large size and pretentious architecture resulted in a high construction cost of $2,500. By this time, the original church building had become entirely inadequate for the needs of the congregation, and replacement plans were laid; the cornerstone was laid in May 1874, and Bishop Rosecrans of Columbus dedicated", "id": "19205436" }, { "contents": "St. Vitus's Church, Cleveland\n\n\nSt. Vitus is a parish of the Roman Catholic Church in Cleveland, Ohio, United States, in the Diocese of Cleveland. The parish church, located at 6019 Lausche Avenue in the St. Clair-Superior neighborhood, was completed in 1932. The first documented Slovenian to settle in the Cleveland area was Joseph Turk, who came about 1883, most likely from Carniola, and settled on Marble Avenue, near the steel mills. He helped organize the Catholic Slovenes in Cleveland, and requested that Bishop Richard Gilmour of Cleveland appoint a", "id": "916020" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Catholic Church (St. Patrick, Ohio)\n\n\nrectory in 1919 to house its pastor; before its construction, St. Patrick's was served by priests from St. Michael's Church in Fort Loramie to the southwest. In 1977, the church and rectory were recorded by the Ohio Historic Inventory for the purpose of historic preservation; both buildings were ranked in good condition without any significant risks. Two years later, they were listed together on the National Register of Historic Places, along with over thirty other buildings in the Land of the Cross-Tipped Churches. When these churches were", "id": "15760892" }, { "contents": "Cathedral of St Michael and St John\n\n\n. In that year work commenced on a permanent church building located on the corner of George and Keppel Streets. St Michael's Church was a Victorian Gothic style building constructed in brick. It was in use by 1841 but appears not to have been completed until 1846 when leadlight windows were installed. Bishop John Bede Polding (1794-1877), first Catholic Archbishop of Sydney, was interested in fostering the English Gothic style of architecture in his diocese. He arranged for plans for significant churches to be prepared by English architects including", "id": "17452035" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Cathedral, Thunder Bay\n\n\n. From there, St. Patrick's Church was one of many churches that was missioned to the First Nations in Northern Ontario, as well as St. Andrew's Church, which was handed over to the diocese in 1997. St. Patrick's was built in 1892, the same year as Thunder Bay was incorporated as a town. The foundation stone was laid on 10 October 1891, and the first Mass was celebrated on 21 August 1892. The Jesuit parish priests made plans for the construction of an elementary school later that decade.", "id": "14488629" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Catholic Church (Toledo, Ohio)\n\n\nfor use in a new building. Fr. Edward Hannin, pastor of St. Patrick's, set out to create \"the finest church in this part of the land,\" for his congregation and began to raise money for construction. When it was completed, St. Patrick's was considered one of the finest examples of Gothic Revival architecture in the United States. The exterior is constructed of Amherst blue sandstone and the interior contains ten red granite columns. The church was dedicated on April 13, 1901. The church underwent extensive", "id": "9145471" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Dayton, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Mary's Catholic Church is a historic Catholic church building in an eastern neighborhood of Dayton, Ohio, United States. Constructed at the beginning of the twentieth century, it remains home to an active parish. Its grand architecture has made it an aviator's landmark, and it has been named a historic site by the federal government. Emanuel Church, the first Catholic parish in Dayton, was formed in 1837. Many English-speaking families left to form a separate parish in 1846, but Emanuel continued growing to the point", "id": "19205373" }, { "contents": "Church of St. James the Less\n\n\nmission. Weekly celebration of Mass resumed on Sundays at 5:00 pm. The breakaway congregation now meets at the Holy Cross Catholic church and is known as the Church of Saint Michael the Archangel. During the controversy, the parish school closed circa 2006. As part of its mandate, Saint Mark's Church began a fundraising effort to open a new parish school to serve this local community. In 2009 and 2010, the St. Mark's congregation (together with St. Francis Episcopal Church in Potomac, Maryland) sponsored Vacation Bible School at", "id": "12322466" }, { "contents": "St. John's Evangelical Lutheran Church (Springfield, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. John's Evangelical Lutheran Church is a historic Lutheran church in downtown Springfield, Ohio, United States. Founded as a German-speaking parish in Springfield's early days, it grew rapidly during its first few decades, and its present large church building was constructed in the 1890s under the direction of one of Springfield's leading architects. The congregation remains in the landmark church building, which has been named a historic site. Springfield's first Lutheran congregation was organized in May 1841, and a separate group of German Lutherans began", "id": "18832000" }, { "contents": "St Michael and St John Church, Clitheroe\n\n\nGrade II listed building. In September 2008, the Jesuits handed the church over to the Diocese of Salford who continue to serve the parish. Two years later, the parish merged with St Mary Queen of Peace Church in Sabden to form the parish of Our Lady of the Valley. St Mary's was built in 1877 and it was made into a parish in 1909, so that the parishioners did not have to travel the sizeable distance to attend Mass in Clitheroe. The parish has two Sunday Masses at St Michael and St", "id": "5090732" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n. St. Paul's church building is one of just six Gothic Revival churches built in Cleveland during the 1870s that survived into the 1980s. At one time considered Cleveland's grandest and largest church, it is distinguished by the unusual architecture of the peak of the bell tower, and the open interior features extensive detailing, along with seating for one thousand worshippers. Covered with sandstone from Berea, the building was a work of Gordon W. Lloyd, a Detroit architect who also produced grand churches in Ohio cities of various sizes, ranging", "id": "19215903" }, { "contents": "St. Aloysius' Catholic Church (Carthagena, Ohio)\n\n\nerected in 1865. In their earliest years, the people worshipped in the chapel of the adjacent St. Charles Seminary. Throughout its history, the church has been significantly influenced by the seminary, which trained the priests of the Missionaries of the Precious Blood and provided pastors for the church. As its membership grew, the parish decided to construct a church building. Plans were laid and construction began in 1875; the cornerstone was laid in May 1877, and the church was consecrated on June 30, 1878; the parishioners had performed", "id": "20255448" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Church (Monroe, Michigan)\n\n\nto come. St. Michael Church is located along the River Raisin on West Front Street in the city of Monroe, MI. The 183 foot steeple isn't hard to miss. When you come into Monroe you can easily see St. Michael's A tradition at St. Michael Church is the parish prayer. It is said before the beginning of every mass. It reads: \"Lord, God, we glorify Your holy name and thank you for calling us, the people of Saint Michael the Archangel Parish, to be one in", "id": "12346363" }, { "contents": "St Michael and All Angels Church, Barton Turf\n\n\nSt Michael and All Angels is the Church of England parish church of Barton Turf in the county of Norfolk in England. See Inside here. It stands about a kilometre south-west of the village in the midst of a plantation of trees. Particularly notable for its surviving paintings, the church is listed with Grade I. The building was at first constructed in rather an undistinguished Perpendicular style, possessing a tower at the west end of the church. The church is best known for the twelve panels of its late-Gothic rood", "id": "15249529" }, { "contents": "St Michael and All Angels' Church, Haworth\n\n\nSt Michael and All Angels' Church is the Church of England parish church of Haworth, West Yorkshire. The current structure, the third church building on the site, was built between 1879 and 1881 although parts of the original medieval church building, notably the tower, survive from earlier periods. The church is best known for its historic association with the Brontë sisters whose father Revd. Patrick Brontë served as minister of the parish between 1820 and 1861. A chapel has existed on the site since 1488, though records held at", "id": "17201346" }, { "contents": "St. Peter Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Peter Church (), is a Catholic parish church in Cleveland, Ohio and part of the Diocese of Cleveland. Founded in , it is located at the intersection of Superior Ave. near East 17th St., in the Downtown neighborhood. The church is a longstanding city landmark; George Francis Houck, then the Chancellor, wrote in 1903 that, \"One of the landmarks of the city and Diocese of Cleveland is St. Peter's Church.\" It is listed as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. It is also a named", "id": "13925952" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Church (Monroe, Michigan)\n\n\n. It was used as a church on the first floor and on the second it was used for the school. Later it would only be used as St. Michael School. Then in 1866 the cornerstone for the present church was laid. The large 187 foot steeple wasn't added until 1883. In 1874 the 3-story rectory was built east of the church. In 1918 the parish built the present building of St. Michael School which is now a part of Monroe Catholic Elementary Schools. The movement to establish the parish started in 1845", "id": "12346356" }, { "contents": "St. Casimir Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nRichard Gilmour for permission to form a new parish and build a church for their own use. In December 1891, Monsignor Felix Boff, V.G., administrator of the diocese, granted the required permission. Those parishioners left to form St. Casimir Church in 1891. The parish was founded in 1891 — about 44 years after the Diocese of Cleveland was erected by Pope Pius IX. In December, 1891, Boff appointed Father Benedict Rosinski, pastor of St. Adalbert's, Berea, Ohio, to take charge of the mission. On", "id": "12488231" }, { "contents": "St James' Church, Forest Gate\n\n\nSt James' Church, Forest Gate was a church in Forest Gate, east London. Its origins lay in an iron building constructed around 1870 to serve a conventional district. A parish was formed for it in 1881 from those of Emmanuel Church, All Saints and St John's and its permanent church completed the following year, with an organ moved from St Matthew's Church, Friday Street. The church was demolished in 1964 and for two years its congregation worshiped in the Durning Hall Community Centre's chapel until the parish was", "id": "17208906" }, { "contents": "North Presbyterian Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nNorth Presbyterian Church is a historic Presbyterian church on the east side of Cleveland, Ohio, United States. Constructed in the 1880s, the church building has been named a historic site. Throughout its history, the congregation has been focused on Sunday school work. North Presbyterian Church developed out of a mission Sunday school established in east-side Cleveland in 1859. The local presbytery organized a congregation out of the Sunday school in 1867, and within a short while, the new congregation formed the first of two mission Sunday schools in", "id": "19215693" }, { "contents": "St. Vitus's Church, Cleveland\n\n\nVitus to work on the interior. It was finished for the centennial celebration of the parish later that year. St. Vitus remains a strong parish, but Fr. Božnar works with Bishop Lennon's programs to cluster parishes in order to increase strength for inner-city parishes. The church building of St. Vitus itself is constructed in the Lombard-Roman style with pale yellow Falston brick. It is 141 feet long and 100 feet wide with an attached parish house on its west side. Its two Romanesque bell towers reach 110 feet", "id": "916027" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Michael (St. Michael, Minnesota)\n\n\nof the church came from Saint John's Abbey in Collegeville. In 1866 a new church was built in the center of the town and served for about 25 years. In 1890 the parish built a Gothic Revival building, which was the largest church in Wright County at the time. The building features ornate statues and German woodcarvings. Although the parish had a mostly German ethnicity for many years, since 1985 the number of families in the parish doubled, and it no longer appears to be an ethnic parish. In 2004 the", "id": "1327870" }, { "contents": "St. Thomas Church (Underhill, Vermont)\n\n\nSt. Thomas Church is a Roman Catholic church in the Town of Underhill, Vermont in the United States, located in the unincorporated village of \"Underhill Center\". The church was built from 1891-92 after its predecessor had burned down on 19 December 1890. The cornerstone for the current St. Thomas Church building was laid on 12 August 1891 at an event that had an estimated 1,000 attendees. Although the construction period spanned from 1 May 1891 until December 1892, the first Mass was nevertheless held in the basement of the church", "id": "6739395" }, { "contents": "St. William Parish (Lawncrest)\n\n\n1950s and 60's, saw many changes come to the physical plant of the Parish that reflected the housing boom of the area, the economic upswing of the times and the growing parish population. Many of the original \"Motley Buildings\" were completely replaced. The Middle School (Junior High/Upper School) building was built and later an additional floor was added. When consideration was had for the completion of the Upper Church, it was found that the basement church was not structurally sufficient to support additional construction. In 1955", "id": "10364503" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Michael the Archangel, Katowice\n\n\nChurch of St. Michael Archangel () is one of the oldest buildings in Katowice. It's located in Kościuszko Park, where it was moved in 1938 from the village Syrynia, where it was originally constructed in 1510. It is under the invocation of St. Michael. It has end-fitted log framework construction and shingled roof. Free-standing belltower was completed before 1679; it has historic lych-gate and wooden fence around the churchyard. The church of St. Michael Archangel was first built in 1305 in Syrynia, near", "id": "21359049" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Catholic Church (St. Patrick, Ohio)\n\n\n's was closely connected to many other churches in western Ohio: wide areas of western Ohio that were primarily settled by Catholics feature large churches at sparsely-populated crossroads. While most of these churches are constructed in the Gothic Revival style of architecture, some of the newer churches of the region — including St. Patrick's — appear in a variety of styles; St. Patrick's was one of the few that lacked the high steeples of the Gothic Revival structures. The leading role of these churches in western Shelby County and the lands", "id": "15760890" }, { "contents": "St Michael's Roman Catholic Church, Linlithgow\n\n\nchildren the congregation capitalised on the spirit of cooperation and community and set out to build a school. Located on a site next to the church St. Joseph's school was opened on 1 July 1889 and served the children of the parish until 1964 when new premises were occupied at Preston Road. Although during this time Fr Easson had replaced Fr Murphy as parish priest there was no change of emphasis and all the parish energies were engaged in the effort to complete the church building programme. Plans to double the size of the church were", "id": "17679127" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Delaware, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Mary's Catholic Church is a historic Catholic parish church in the city of Delaware, Ohio, United States. Constructed in the 1880s, this grand building is home to a congregation established in the middle of the nineteenth century. Its grand style has long made it a community landmark, and it was named a historic landmark in 1980. Delaware's first Masses were celebrated by travelling priests in the homes of the city's few Catholics, most of whom were Irish or German immigrants. The members built the first St. Mary", "id": "2642749" }, { "contents": "Church of the Resurrection (Rye, New York)\n\n\nin 1881 at the intersection of Purchase Street and the Boston Post Road, where services were then offered. The parish was incorporated on January 29, 1886, and title to the property was transferred from the archdiocese to the parish itself. A new church building was completed in 1889 on Purchase Street, while the former building was used as the rectory. Thereafter, construction of a parochial school on the Boston Post Road began in 1906 and was completed two years later. With the number of parishioners growing, the church purchased land", "id": "19300829" }, { "contents": "Near North Side, Chicago\n\n\n, most of this area was an enclave to the first emigrants from Puerto Rico to Chicago, who referred to it as part of \"La Clark\" until commercialization decorated late 1960s shop signs with the name of Old Town. The neighborhood is home to St. Michael's Church, originally built to serve German immigrants, and one of only 7 to survive the great Chicago fire. St. Michael's, Holy Name Cathedral, Immaculate Conception, and St. Joseph's Catholic churches all catered to Latinos with a Mass in Spanish. Many", "id": "1540930" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Massillon, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Mary's Catholic Church is a historic Catholic church building in the city of Massillon, Ohio, United States. Constructed in 1876 for a congregation composed largely of European immigrants, it has been named a historic site. The origins of St. Mary parish lie among numerous Germans and Irish who settled in Massillon in its early years and built a small house of worship on Cherry Road in the 1840s. This building stood until 1875, when it was destroyed so that the present church might occupy its location; it was built in", "id": "19205828" }, { "contents": "St. Anne Church (Berlin, New Hampshire)\n\n\nSt. Anne Church is a historic church at 58 Church Street in Berlin, New Hampshire, United States. It is the church for Good Shepherd Parish within the Roman Catholic Diocese of Manchester. St. Anne Parish was founded in 1867, and was Berlin's first Roman Catholic congregation. It was merged with Guardian Angel Parish, St. Joseph Parish, and St. Kieran Parish in 2000 to form Good Shepherd Parish. Its building, constructed in 1900, is an important local example of Romanesque architecture, and was listed on the National Register", "id": "2452362" }, { "contents": "St. Peter Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n, put up by Luhr, was torn down and replaced by a large pastoral residence adjoining the rear of the church, at a cost of $12,000. In the same year a third story was added to St. Peter's school building, and arranged for a parish hall, containing a stage and other conveniences, at a cost of $10,000. In the synod of January 3, 1889, St. Peter's congregation was the first mentioned among the nine principal churches of the diocese which Gilmour named as rectorates, with an", "id": "13925965" }, { "contents": "Trinity Cathedral (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nfirst church building built within the village limits of Cleveland. In 1846, to meet the needs of a growing parish, plans for a larger, centralized building just east of Public Square commenced. The congregation moved into the larger stone structure in the Gothic style on Superior Avenue in 1855. In 1890, Trinity Church was offered to Bishop William A. Leonard for use as a cathedral for the Diocese of Ohio. The congregation would maintain the building and it would serve dual roles as the parish church and cathedral for the diocese.", "id": "19215933" }, { "contents": "St. Andrew's Cathedral (Jackson, Mississippi)\n\n\nat the time that was not located along the Mississippi River. Its church was burned by the Union Army during the American Civil War in 1863. The cornerstone for the second church was laid by the Rt. Rev. William Mercer Green in 1869. By the turn of the Twentieth Century the congregation had outgrown its church building and the present structure was completed in 1903. The Parish House was constructed between 1923 and 1924. The congregation continued to grow and the building along West Street was built in 1955. The bishop moved his", "id": "20556538" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Evansville, Indiana)\n\n\nservice in the first church building was held on April 15, 1883. While construction ensued, a congregant and frequent benefactor, Charles Viele, offered the use of Viele Hall (located on 2nd street between Main and Sycamore streets) to St. Paul's parish. The cornerstone for new St. Paul's was laid on September 3, 1883, and construction completed on March 2, 1886 with Bishop D.B. Knickerbacker consecrating the new building. Charles and Mary Viele continued to sponsor further construction on the church grounds - first with a rectory", "id": "20407572" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Church (Monroe, Michigan)\n\n\nSaint Michael the Archangel Church (St. Michael Church) is located on the west side of the city of Monroe, Michigan along the River Raisin. It is home to 1,200 families and it is one of most important religious institutes in Monroe County. It was founded in the year 1852. The present building was built from 1866-1867. It is in the Archdiocese of Detroit. Its current priest is Rev. Phillip Ching. When the parish was first established, the mayor of Monroe palatial residence was remodeled as a temporary church", "id": "12346355" }, { "contents": "St. Mary Congregational Church\n\n\nSt. Mary Congregational Church in Abbeville, Louisiana is the oldest incorporated, predominantly African-American church in Vermilion Parish. Its historic Gothic Revival style church at 213 S. Louisiana Avenue, constructed in 1905 to replace a previous building, was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1999. American Missionary Association records show the congregation dates to at least 1877. The structure is a three-bay, gable-fronted church with a prominent corner tower. The tower is three-stage and square. The church is currently non", "id": "17676536" }, { "contents": "St. Charles of the Valley Catholic Church and Rectory\n\n\nSt. Charles Borromeo Church is a Catholic parish in Hailey, Idaho, in the Diocese of Boise. Its historic parish church and rectory complex, located at Pine and S. 1st Streets, is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Fr. E.M. Nattini began ministering in the Wood River Valley in the 1880s. The population was growing rapidly, and he was soon able to raise funds for the construction of the first church of St. Charles, which began June 17, 1883. It was the first Catholic church ineast of", "id": "20581174" }, { "contents": "Sacred Heart Catholic Church (Dayton, Ohio)\n\n\nprompted some of the members to leave in July 1883 and establish Sacred Heart Church; under the leadership of St. Joseph's associate pastor Hugh McDevitt, the congregation rented a meeting hall while waiting for the construction of their building. Land for the present church was purchased for $19,000, and William Henry Elder laid the cornerstone in June 1888. Exterior work was completed in the following year, and by 1893 construction was close enough to completion that the congregation could begin worshipping in their building. The building was consecrated by Bishop Maes", "id": "22206155" }, { "contents": "St. Vincent de Paul Church (Pontiac, Michigan)\n\n\n. The church continued to grow, and in the 1880s, the Reverend Fridolin Baumgartner began raising funds for the construction of the present church. The congregation hired the Detroit architecture firm of Donaldson & Meier to design the church, and the cornerstone was laid on September 6, 1885. The church was dedicated two years later, on September 18, 1887. A 6600-pound bell was installed in the church in 1890. A rectory was constructed in 1895, a school building was added in 1897, and a parish hall in 1911", "id": "19268922" }, { "contents": "St. Boniface Roman Catholic Church\n\n\npopulation on the west side. In 1873, a two-story, red brick Italianate rectory building was built for the parish at a cost of $6,000. A stone church building was planned by the prominent local architect William M. Scott, and construction was completed in 1883 at a cost of $30,000. The parish was closed in 1989, and the building was demolished a few years later. St. Boniface Church was an eclectic example of Romanesque Revival and Ruskinian Gothic architecture. It was built in a cruciform shape from red", "id": "9736494" } ]

[ { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nchurch congregation reached its peak size in the 1950, when only 25% of the parishioners were of German descent. The first Spanish Mass was said in 1971 for the growing number of Hispanic parishioners. The congregation now is mostly Latin American. The church now offers Masses in both English and Spanish. An annual Good Friday Procession begins or ends at St. Michael's. St Michael's and La Sagrada Familia church alternate every year to begin or end at one of the two churches. There is a stop at St Patrick's", "id": "19125747" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nwhile the new building was under construction. The current church, which had its cornerstone laid in 1889, was completed five years ahead of schedule in 1892. The church building is considered a good example of High Victorian Gothic architecture with its two towers of unequal height, the taller of which rises , and three archways. An architecturally notable school adjacent to the church began construction in 1906 and was completed in 1907. For many years the church was one of the most costly and artistically notable churches in the Cleveland Diocese. The", "id": "19125746" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Michael the Archangel is a Roman Catholic church located at 3114 Scranton Road in the Clark-Fulton neighborhood on the west side of Cleveland, Ohio. The church is named in honor of St. Michael the Archangel and was completed in 1892. The congregation was founded in 1881 as a mission of Ohio City, Cleveland's St. Mary's on-the-Flats to serve a growing German immigrant population on Cleveland's west side. The original church and school building were constructed in 1883 but burned on June 29, 1891,", "id": "19125745" }, { "contents": "St. John's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n's. Trinity Cathedral is now the seat of the Episcopal Diocese of Ohio. St. John's was also the mother church to several of the west side parishes. In 1837, the Ohio City Directory described the church as follows, \"The Episcopal Church, which is not yet finished, is built of hammered stone, and has a lofty steeple. Its style of architecture is Gothic, resembling that of the ancient and venerable Cathedral. This building, when finished, will be one of the best of the kind in the", "id": "18742416" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cincinnati, Ohio)\n\n\n1847. The cornerstone was laid August 1, 1847 and the church dedicated June 4, 1848. Rev. Fr. Zoppoth was selected as the first pastor for the congregation. In 1868 St. Michael Church became the mother parish to St. Lawrence Church which was organized that same year. The Comboni Missionaries took charge of the parish in 1964. By this time many of the German-speaking families in the parish had begun to move to other parts of the city. In a mass celebrated by Daniel Edward Pilarczyk the church building was", "id": "11338583" }, { "contents": "St. Columba Cathedral (Youngstown, Ohio)\n\n\nThe first Mass celebrated in Youngstown occurred in 1826. St. Columba Parish was founded in 1847, the year that Pope Pius IX established the Diocese of Cleveland, of which Youngstown was a part. The first church was completed in 1850. As the parish grew, it required a larger church, which it completed in 1868. The first parish school building was opened three years later. The parish continued to grow and constructed yet another church which opened in 1897. Bishop Ignatius Horstmann consecrated the sanctuary in 1903. The parish added", "id": "13619245" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Stephen Church is a Roman Catholic church located in the Detroit-Shoreway neighborhood on the west side of Cleveland, Ohio. The gothic style building was designed by architects Cudell & Richardson. The current church was built in 1875 and was added into the National Register of Historic Places in 1977. St. Stephen Roman Catholic Church was founded in 1869 due to a need for a second German parish on the west side of Cleveland. The first German parish, St. Mary's, increased so much that Cleveland was in need of a", "id": "19215917" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cincinnati, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Michael the Archangel Church is a Roman Catholic church located at 2110 St. Michael Street, in Cincinnati, Ohio. The cornerstone of this church was laid in 1847 and the church dedicated a year later. The church closed April 5, 1998. As the tide of German immigrants continued to rise in Cincinnati, more churches were needed. Holy Trinity Church was the first German speaking parish. As the city grew in three directions; north, east and west; there were three parishes which descended from that parish Old St. Mary", "id": "11338581" }, { "contents": "St. John's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. John's Episcopal Church is located at 2600 Church Avenue in the Ohio City neighborhood of Cleveland, Ohio. St. John's is the oldest consecrated building in Cuyahoga county. This stone gothic revival church building was designed by Hezekiah Eldredge and built beginning in 1836 and was completed 1838. Eldridge was probably familiar with John Henry Hopkins' \"An Essay on Gothic Architecture\", the first book on Gothic ecclesiastical architecture to be published in the United States. St. John's is a good representative of a small group of American churches", "id": "18742414" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland Heights, Ohio)\n\n\nFairmount Blvd, it is a contributing property in the Fairmount Boulevard District, which is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. St. Paul's was first established in the city of Cleveland, Ohio on October 26, 1846. The congregation did not have its own building until 1851, as a frame building completed in 1849 burned completely. A small brick church in the Gothic Revival style was completed for the parish at Euclid and Sheriff (East 4th) Streets by 1858. St. Paul's congregation outgrew the church, however", "id": "18644038" }, { "contents": "Irvington, Baltimore\n\n\nPassion\", marking the beginning of St. Joseph's Monastery Parish. Construction of a new, larger church began in 1881 and was completed in 1883. Its cornerstone was placed by Cardinal James Gibbons. The original monastery, beside the church, burned down in 1883. A new monastery was completed in 1886. The monastery chapel is extant and contains an 1887 Niemann pipe organ. The congregation of St. Joseph's Monastery Parish outgrew their church building in the following century. In 1931, Archbishop Michael Joseph Curley placed the cornerstone for", "id": "5906170" }, { "contents": "St. Theodosius Russian Orthodox Cathedral\n\n\nSt. Theodosius Cathedral is an Orthodox church located on Starkweather Avenue in the Tremont neighborhood, on the near west side of Cleveland, Ohio. It is considered one of the best examples of Russian church architecture in the U.S. and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The parish is the first Orthodox parish in Cleveland and is currently under the jurisdiction of the Diocese of the Midwest of the Orthodox Church in America. St. Theodosius is perhaps best known for its appearance in the 1978 film, \"The Deer Hunter\" with", "id": "13141384" }, { "contents": "St. Casimir Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nBoth the church building and the school building are GNIS named features. The church building is listed as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. To provide properly for the large and steadily increasing number of Poles in the north-eastern part of Cleveland it was necessary to organize them into the third Polish congregation within the limits of the city. They lived too far away from St. Stanislaus Church, with which they had been affiliated, for them to conveniently either attend Mass or for their children to attend the parish school. They therefore petitioned Bishop", "id": "12488230" }, { "contents": "St. Henry's Catholic Church (Harriettsville, Ohio)\n\n\nChurch in Fulda in order to hear Mass. Virtually all of the members in the early decades were Germans or of German descent. A parish school was formed in the late 1870s, and in its first twenty years, the parish grew fourfold in membership. This growth caused the original church building to be too small: land for a new building was purchased in 1879, and construction finished in 1894. St. Henry's Church is a stone building in the Gothic Revival style; the most prominent component is a multi-story tower", "id": "19205430" }, { "contents": "St. Michael's Church, Old Town, Chicago\n\n\nSt. Michael's Church in the Old Town neighborhood of Chicago is a Roman Catholic church staffed by the Redemptorist order of priests. The parish was founded to minister to German Catholic immigrants in 1852 with its first wooden church completed that year at a cost of $750 (including the bell). The building stands at the intersection of Eugenie Street and Cleveland Avenue. The church was built as a haven for German immigrants who were outcasts in Old Chicago. In addition, the town's main church, St. Joseph's Church,", "id": "10838314" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cincinnati, Ohio)\n\n\n's Church, St. Philomena's Church and St. Joseph's Church. The three parishes were founded in 1840, 1846 and 1846 respectively. As more immigration followed, St. Michael's was founded, the first filial parish of St. Joseph. The parish was located to what was then called Storrs Township. Forty-five persons organized themselves into a congregation in the early part of 1847 and drew up a constitution for the church A lot was donated by Innocent Troenle and two additional adjacent pieces of property were bought in April and May", "id": "11338582" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Michael and St. Anthony\n\n\ntoday to mostly Poles and Italians. The church has also been noted for its Byzantine Revival architecture, complete with a dome and minaret-styled tower, making it \"one of the more unique examples of church architecture in Montréal.\" Construction on the Church of St. Michael the Archangel began in 1914, for what would grow to become the largest anglophone parish in Montreal. After a brief delay following the commencement of World War I, the church was completed in 1915 at a cost of $232,000, with a capacity of", "id": "10850773" }, { "contents": "Zion Lutheran Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nother Cleveland-area Lutheran congregations, including Trinity Lutheran Church, are Zion's daughters. The original church building was located downtown, but the east-side German community was strong enough by 1902 that the congregation deemed Prospect Avenue a better location for serving the community. From its earliest years, the congregation had sponsored a school; Zion Lutheran School was founded in 1848, at which time all scholars were instructed in German. The school moved to Prospect Avenue ahead of the church; the present building was completed in 1903,", "id": "19215937" }, { "contents": "St. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\non their behalf with papal authorities, and Charles Boehm of Hungary settled in Cleveland in late 1892 to serve the new St. Elizabeth parish, the first Hungarian nationality parish in America. Boehm immediately began registering members and advocating for the construction of a church complex; the first church building, a brick structure, was erected by the end of 1893, a school soon followed, and a larger school was completed in 1900 because of expanded enrollment. He also began a Hungarian-language parish newspaper that soon gained subscribers in other parts", "id": "19215854" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church, Madison\n\n\ndying Catholics (he was a doctor as well). Costigan is believed to have been the Catholic architect of the church. Costigan was only recorded as being a member of the parish during the construction, but details of the church building mirror his other buildings in Madison. In December 1839 St. Michael the Archangel Catholic Church was completed. As the City of Madison grew, so did its Catholic population. German–Catholics had increased highly in numbers and had formed a separate congregation within St. Michael's. In 1850, the", "id": "2385658" }, { "contents": "Pilgrim Congregational Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nonly a short time, as construction on the present building was started just 23 years after the first building was finished. The name \"Pilgrim Congregational Church\" was adopted in 1894 upon the completion of the present building; they had been styled \"Heights Congregational Church\" into the 1870s and used the name \"Jennings Avenue Congregational Church\" in the 1880s. The building was a community landmark from its earliest years — electric wiring was included in the original construction at a time when no other Cleveland buildings west of the Cuyahoga River", "id": "19215839" }, { "contents": "St. Monica Church (Manhattan)\n\n\nin 1880 he began conducting Mass over a feed store at 404 East 78th Street. The following year, he purchased land for the construction of the church and school. Construction of the first church building was completed in 1883. In 1892, the address was listed as 409 E 79th Street. The Rev. John J. Boyle served as acting rector at St. Monica's before becoming the founding pastor of St. Luke's Church (Bronx, New York). The current Gothic Revival church building was erected in 1906 to the designs of", "id": "18565781" }, { "contents": "Annunciation Church (historic) (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nAnnunciation Church (historic) (), was a Catholic parish church in Cleveland, Ohio and part of the Diocese of Cleveland. It was located at the intersection of Hurd St. and Moore St., now part of the West Side Market parking lot, in the Ohio City neighborhood. The location where the church once stood can be found, in an 1881 atlas, at the south-west corner of Hurd St. and Moore St., on the west bank of the Cuyahoga river above part of the Flats historically known as Ox", "id": "14549709" }, { "contents": "Sacred Heart of Jesus Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n. Between 1885 and 1889 a large number of Poles settled in South Cleveland, in the area of East 71st St. and Harvard Ave. They lived too far away from St. Stanislaus church for them to conveniently either attend Mass or for their children to attend the parish school. They petitioned Bishop Richard Gilmour for permission to form a new parish and build a church for their own use. The petition to form a new parish and build a church was granted, and the parish was founded in  — about 42 years after the Diocese", "id": "12287909" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland Heights, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Paul's Episcopal Church is a parish of the Episcopal Church in Cleveland Heights, Ohio. The current rector is the Rev. Jeanne Leinbach, installed on October 23, 2015. She is the first female rector of St. Paul's. Her predecessor was the Rev. Alan M. Gates, who served from 2004-2014, before his election as Bishop of Massachusetts. St. Paul's is a leading church and has the largest congregation in the Episcopal Diocese of Ohio. The church building is a Cleveland Heights landmark. Located at 2747", "id": "18644037" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nRev. Richard Gilmour. Volunteer German and Hungarian woodworkers completed the interior of the church. Over the next 40 years, the parish added a rectory, convent for the Sisters of Notre Dame and two school buildings including one for and an all girls two-year high school which opened in 1905. After World War II, St. Stephen's parish experienced unprecedented growth due to the population growth in Cleveland and throughout the country. On June 8, 1953 a tornado severely damaged the church structure. Work to restore the building began immediately", "id": "19215920" }, { "contents": "Cathedral of St. John the Evangelist (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nstyle and the Bishop laid the cornerstone October 22, 1848. Until the new building was completed in 1852, St. Mary's served as cathedral for the diocese. At the time of its completion, the new cathedral was the well beyond Cleveland's Public Square. Alterations and additions began on the church almost as soon as the initial construction was complete. In 1857, a boys' school was added and within ten years, it was joined by a parish hall and girls' school. In 1879, the parish raised sufficient", "id": "10656550" }, { "contents": "St. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nthe present building. Although the cornerstone was laid in 1918, the construction process was lengthy, and it was finally completed only in 1922. Built primarily of limestone, according to a design of Cleveland architect Emile Uhlrich, the church is an example of Italian-influenced Baroque Revival architecture, partly modelled after the church of Sant'Agnese in Agone in Rome. Two great towers, topped with cupolas, form the ends of the facade, while a great rose window sits in the middle section of the facade high above the main entrance", "id": "19215857" }, { "contents": "St. Nicholas' Catholic Church (Osgood, Ohio)\n\n\nnearby villages; St. Augustine's Church in Minster and St. Michael's Church in Fort Loramie were established by 1850, but the foundations of a parish in Osgood were not laid until 1904, and formal establishment of the parish came in 1906. In its earliest years, the Mass was celebrated in common buildings; after worshipping for a time in a school, the parishioners purchased a barn for ecclesiastical purposes. For many years, the improvement of the parish's facilities was hindered by its size; the fewness of its members meant", "id": "421917" }, { "contents": "Union–Miles Park\n\n\na congregation for African Americans, was founded 1914, and erected its first church building and school in 1916 at what is now Union Avenue and Martin Luther King Drive. The congregation that formed Archangel Michael Orthodox Church ( St. Michael's Orthodox Church) split from St. John the Baptist Orthodox Church in 1921. It began construction of its new church home at 10000 Union Avenue in April 1924, completing the structure in 1926. Although the long-standing Cataract House closed in 1917, the first Union–Miles Park movie theater,", "id": "20793486" }, { "contents": "St. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church is a historic Roman Catholic church in the Buckeye Road neighborhood on the east side of Cleveland, Ohio, United States. The earliest ethnic parish established for Hungarians in the United States, its present building was constructed in the early twentieth century, and it has been named a historic site. Cleveland's first Hungarian Catholics initially worshipped at St. Ladislaus' Church, an east-side Slovakian parish, but ethnic strife and increasing immigration prompted the Hungarian community to seek their own parish. Bishop Horstmann interceded", "id": "19215853" }, { "contents": "Sacred Heart of Jesus Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSacred Heart of Jesus (), was a Catholic parish church in Cleveland, Ohio and part of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland. It was located at the north-west corner of intersection of East 71st St. and Kazimier St., in a part of the South Broadway neighborhood previously known in Polish as \"\" and nicknamed \"Goosetown\". Both the church building and the school building are GNIS named features. The church, school, and rectory buildings are listed together as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. The church was closed", "id": "12287908" }, { "contents": "St. Mary Mother of the Redeemer Church (Norwalk, Ohio)\n\n\nSaint Mary Mother of the Redeemer Church is a parish in the Roman Catholic Diocese of Toledo. The current church is located at 38 W. League Street, Norwalk, Ohio. Construction on the building began on May 29, 1889, and was completed in 1894. The church was previously twinned with St. Alphonsus in Peru, Ohio, but was later twinned with St. Anthony in Milan, Ohio, after a mass restructuring of the diocese. The Century House was a name given to several buildings, now all demolished, within the", "id": "21671394" }, { "contents": "Pilgrim Congregational Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nPilgrim Congregational Church is a historic congregation of the United Church of Christ in Cleveland, Ohio, United States. Constructed in the 1890s for a congregation founded in the 1850s, it was named a historic site in the 1970s. Congregationalists began operating a Sunday school in Cleveland's Tremont neighborhood in 1854, and their efforts resulted in the creation of a church five years later. The members began construction of their first church building in 1865, although it was not completed until 1870. It was suitable for the congregation's needs for", "id": "19215838" }, { "contents": "Sidney Mason Stone\n\n\n; St. Patrick's Church, New Haven (1853) constructed of East Haven sandstone;First Congregational Church, Naugatuck, CT (1855) and Wooster Place Congregational Church, Wooster Square, New Haven (1855) (now the Church of St. Michael) the original design for which featured a Corinthian portico and tall steeple. In \"New Haven: A Guide to Architecture and Urban Design\", Brown remarks on St. Michael's, “The building has burned twice, the steeple blown down once...Only the side walls and tall", "id": "165241" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Dayton, Ohio)\n\n\ncentury, the parish had outgrown it, and construction began on a new building; Archbishop Moeller laid the cornerstone in July 1905 and consecrated it in November 1906. Growth continued, and St. Anthony's Church was established in 1913 by families coming out of St. Mary's. St. Mary's remains an active part of the Archdiocese of Cincinnati to the present day. Masses are celebrated both in English and in Spanish. The current St. Mary's Church is a Romanesque Revival structure built in a mix of brick and stone. Constructed", "id": "19205375" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Indianapolis, Indiana)\n\n\nuntil the Diocese of Indianapolis established Holy Rosary Catholic Church, an Italian national parish in Indianapolis in 1911. After the turn of the century, when the neighborhood become commercial, the parish purchased property at New Jersey and Vermont streets, where they built the present church, which was under construction from 1910 to 1912. St. Mary's adapted to its changing ethnic neighborhood over the years. In 1967, as the city's Spanish-speaking community began to grow, the parish began offering Sunday mass in Spanish. German-language", "id": "3660949" }, { "contents": "St. John's Catholic Church (Fryburg, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. John Catholic Church is a Roman Catholic church in the unincorporated community of Fryburg in Pusheta Township, Auglaize County, Ohio, United States. The parish was established in 1848, the same year in which the community was platted, and construction was completed in 1850. A Catholic school in connection with the church was established in 1877. Both buildings feature fine architecture: the church includes Gothic Revival elements such as ornate pilasters and lancet windows, while the former school is a good example of Federal architecture. St. John's is", "id": "11283325" }, { "contents": "St. Augustine Parish (Hartford, Connecticut)\n\n\nSt. Augustine Parish is a Roman Catholic parish located in Hartford, Connecticut. In addition to a church, the parish also administers a school, St. Augustine School. St. Augustine Parish was established in August 1902 with Fr. Michael Barry appointed as its first pastor. At that time, a church building had not yet been constructed so mass was offered at the Washington Street School until a basement chapel was completed in 1903. The current Romanesque-style church was completed in 1912 and dedicated by Bishop John J. Nilan of the then", "id": "21104070" }, { "contents": "Zion Lutheran Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nFirst Methodist, Trinity Cathedral, and St. Paul's Episcopal Church on Euclid Avenue. This condition persisted into the mid-1910s, at which point the neighborhood transitioned into a largely commercial area. Beginning after 1930, the neighborhood deteriorated as many buildings were demolished, often to create room for parking lots. In such an environment Zion Lutheran Church was constructed in 1902 and opened for public use in the following year. It is home to a congregation founded by German immigrants in 1843, the oldest extant Lutheran congregation in the city; many", "id": "19215936" }, { "contents": "Church of St Paul, Letchworth\n\n\nallow construction of the new church to begin, with the foundation stone being laid on 10 October 1923 by the Marchioness of Salisbury. Work on the first section of the building was completed including three and a half bays of the nave with arcades at the sides. This first section was consecrated by Michael Furse, the Bishop of St Albans on 3 May 1924. A tower was intended but was never built. By 1924 the church was becoming too small for its growing congregation and work on an extension began in early 1931,", "id": "1720772" }, { "contents": "Basilica of the Sacred Heart of Jesus, Syracuse\n\n\noriginal church was located across the street from the current structure. The first Mass in the new parish church was said on August 30, 1892, with the formal dedication taking place nearly a year later on June 11, 1893. The congregation outgrew the first church within a decade, and a decision was made to construct a new church. The foundations were built by parishioners in order to save money, and the cornerstone was laid in 1907. Work was completed in three years, and the church was completed and dedicated on", "id": "4119395" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n, side altars and pulpit are made entirely of oak wood and decorated with beautiful German woodcarvings. The church pews are also oak. A Mexican onyx and brass Communion rail was installed over the years and the floor of the sanctuary and aisles is made of black and white marble tiles. St. Stephen's is a fully active Roman Catholic Parish in the Diocese of Cleveland. This means that they have a full parish staff and church council. They have regular Sunday Masses as well as daily Masses. German Mass is offered every first", "id": "19215923" }, { "contents": "Roncesvalles, Toronto\n\n\nWomenpriests at the church. St. Casimir's Polish Roman Catholic Church at Garden Avenue, offers Polish masses on Sundays. Its origins begin in 1944 when the Oblate Mission decided to create the third Polish parish (and first in the west end) in Toronto. The lot on which the church stands today was purchased for $15,000 in 1948 and construction on the parish hall began the same year. The first mass was held in the church hall in 1949. The church was completed and officially began offering mass on May 23,", "id": "3040916" }, { "contents": "Rajavoor\n\n\nSt. Michael's Shrine which is located at the center part of Rajavoor. The annual feast starts on the first Friday of May with a flag hoisting followed by a ten-day Mass and adoration. The eighth, ninth and tenth days are marked with a car procession to St. Michael Archangel, carnival ended with High Mass in front of the Holy Cars. The Roman Catholics and parish are administered by the Kottar Diocese. Another notable church, Our Lady of Presentation (Kaanikkai Maathaa) Church is attached to the Rajavoor Parish as", "id": "4595849" }, { "contents": "Transfiguration Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nBaptist Church in the nearby suburb of Garfield Heights, Ohio, which had a large, new structure. In April 1943, Trinity Baptist Church sold its building to the Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland for $35,000 ($ in dollars). The Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland erected Transfiguration Parish on July 30, 1943. The parish was divided from nearby Immaculate Heart of Mary Church and Shrine Church of St. Stanislaus parishes. Reverend Joseph F. Zabawa was named the pastor of the new congregation, which took up residence in the Trinity", "id": "20542089" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Augustine (Larchmont, New York)\n\n\nThe Church of St. Augustine is a Roman Catholic church located in Larchmont, New York. The parish having been founded in 1892, the present Gothic Revival church building was constructed in 1928. With a growing number of Catholics living in Larchmont, New York—many of them domestic servants who attended Blessed Sacrament Church in New Rochelle or Most Holy Trinity Church in Mamaroneck—the Archbishop of New York, Michael Corrigan, created the parish of St. Augustine was created in 1892. The decision to establish a parish was motivated in part", "id": "19300736" }, { "contents": "St. Barbara Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Barbara Catholic Church () is a parish of the Roman Catholic Church in Cleveland, Ohio, within the Diocese of Cleveland. The parish church is located on Denison Ave. between West 16th St. and the southbound entrance to SR 176, in a part of the Brooklyn Centre neighborhood previously known in Polish as . The red brick parish church, designed by H.C. Gabele, is a local landmark. It is a GNIS named feature. The church, rectory and convent buildings are listed together as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. The", "id": "13695356" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\ntwo years the parishioners worshipped in a hotel before constructing a building at Fourth and Euclid downtown. A fire destroyed the structure before it was completed, but people throughout the city contributed funds to build a brick replacement in 1851. By the 1870s, the streets surrounding the church had become primarily commercial, so the vestry sold the building and rented halls while building the present church eastward on Euclid Avenue. Its placement amid the wealthy Millionaire's Row district soon caused it to become a symbol of the neighborhood. However, the membership", "id": "19215901" }, { "contents": "St Michael the Archangel Church, Chatham\n\n\nHeart Church in Luton. St Paulinus Church was built in 1788 as a Wesleyan Chapel. In 1892, it was bought by the local Catholic Church. Sacred Heart Church was built in 1949. On 26 June 1949, its foundation stone was laid by the parish priest of St Michael's Church. St Paulinus Church has one Sunday Mass at 9:00am. Sacred Heart Church also has one Sunday Mass, it is at 10:30am. St Michael's Church has four Sunday Masses: 6:30pm on Saturday and 9:30am, 11:00am and 6:00pm on", "id": "19228802" }, { "contents": "St Michael and All Angels Church, Kingaroy\n\n\n's construction. Architect Colin Deighton, who was assistant to John Hingeston Buckeridge, the Anglican Diocese of Brisbane Architect between 1887 and 1901, designed the church. Deighton designed a number of country churches and St Colomb's Anglican Church at Clayfield in Brisbane. The foundation stone of St Michael and All Angels Church was laid on 10 November 1910 by the Venerable Arthur Rivers, Archdeacon of Toowoomba. Construction of the building, which was to seat 250 worshippers, began in December 1910 and was completed in 1911. Its cost, including", "id": "3972006" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Catholic Church (Chicago)\n\n\nSt. Michael () is a church of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Chicago. The current church is located at E. 83rd Street and S. South Shore Drive in South Chicago, a neighborhood of Chicago, Illinois. It is a prime example of the so-called \"Polish Cathedral style\" of churches in both its opulence and grand scale. Along with Immaculate Conception, it is one of the two monumental Polish churches dominating over the South Chicago neighborhood. Founded in 1892 as a Polish parish in Chicago to relieve overcrowding at Immaculate", "id": "20616064" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nof St. Stephen's for 38 years. In 1873, Fr. Reichlin realized that a new church building was needed to accommodate the growing parish. The Cleveland-based architect firm called Cudell & Richardson was hired to build the structure that still stands today as St. Stephen's Roman Catholic Church. Due to economic depression in the mid-1870s, work on the new building was stopped. Parishioners mortgaged their own properties to raise funds for the new church. It was dedicated on November 20, 1881 by the second bishop of Cleveland,", "id": "19215919" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church, Madison\n\n\n1992, the parishes of St. Mary's and St. Michael's became one community of faith, with one priest, Father John Meyer, and two church buildings. Saturday night mass was held at St. Michael's for St. Michael's ‘parishioners,’ and on Sunday morning, mass was held at St. Mary's. In 1993, the area's two other Catholic Churches (St. Patrick's and St. Anthony's) were merged with St. Mary's-St. Michael's as well. St. Michael's had extensive roof damage", "id": "2385663" }, { "contents": "St. Michael's Church, Hildesheim\n\n\nin 1010 and dedicated the still unfinished building to Michael on the archangel's feast day, 29 September 1022, just a few weeks before his death. Construction, however, continued under his successor, Bishop Godehard (died 1038), who completed the work in 1031 and reconsecrated the church to Michael on September 29 of that year. The church has double choirs east and west, double tripartite transepts at either end of the nave, and six towers----two large ones over the crossings east and west, and four other tall and", "id": "721679" }, { "contents": "St. Augustine's Catholic Church (Napoleon, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Augustine's Catholic Church is a historic church in Napoleon, Ohio, United States. Located on the edge of the city's downtown, two blocks away from the Henry County Courthouse, the church is a prominent landmark in Napoleon. St. Augustine Parish was founded at some point between 1856 and 1858; its first priest was Michael Pietz. The parish was dedicated to St. Augustine in honor of Augustine Pilliod, who supervised the construction of its first building. This structure was replaced with the current church, which was built at", "id": "13450149" }, { "contents": "Saint Patrick's Church (Dubuque, Iowa)\n\n\nMcCabe was assigned as the first resident pastor. The cornerstone of the present brick church was laid in 1877, and the building dedicated on August 15, 1878. In 1928, the Rev. J.J. Hanley remodeled and enlarged the church. St. Patrick Church was originally built for service to the Irish settlers of Dubuque and while the parish has maintained a healthy respect for its Irish heritage over its many years of service, the parish now specializes in service to the Hispanic residents of Dubuque. The parish offers a Spanish Mass on Sundays,", "id": "20590874" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nsecond parish for German-speaking Catholics. In April 1869 the first bishop of Cleveland, Bishop Louis Amadeus Rappe, appointed Fr. Stephen Falk to have a two-story building built. The building would be used as a church on the upper level and a school on the lower level to accommodate the 200 families from St. Mary's that lived west of 44th Street. The newly ordained Fr. Casimir Reichlin became the first pastor and said the first Mass of the parish on May 1, 1870. He served as pastor", "id": "19215918" }, { "contents": "Immaculate Conception Catholic Church (Fulda, Ohio)\n\n\n. Construction began on a small church building under the ministry of the priest from Miltonsburg, and Archbishop Purcell of Cincinnati dedicated it in 1853. Ten years later, the parishioners constructed a parish school, and a rectory followed in 1866; its large size and pretentious architecture resulted in a high construction cost of $2,500. By this time, the original church building had become entirely inadequate for the needs of the congregation, and replacement plans were laid; the cornerstone was laid in May 1874, and Bishop Rosecrans of Columbus dedicated", "id": "19205436" }, { "contents": "St. Vitus's Church, Cleveland\n\n\nSt. Vitus is a parish of the Roman Catholic Church in Cleveland, Ohio, United States, in the Diocese of Cleveland. The parish church, located at 6019 Lausche Avenue in the St. Clair-Superior neighborhood, was completed in 1932. The first documented Slovenian to settle in the Cleveland area was Joseph Turk, who came about 1883, most likely from Carniola, and settled on Marble Avenue, near the steel mills. He helped organize the Catholic Slovenes in Cleveland, and requested that Bishop Richard Gilmour of Cleveland appoint a", "id": "916020" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Catholic Church (St. Patrick, Ohio)\n\n\nrectory in 1919 to house its pastor; before its construction, St. Patrick's was served by priests from St. Michael's Church in Fort Loramie to the southwest. In 1977, the church and rectory were recorded by the Ohio Historic Inventory for the purpose of historic preservation; both buildings were ranked in good condition without any significant risks. Two years later, they were listed together on the National Register of Historic Places, along with over thirty other buildings in the Land of the Cross-Tipped Churches. When these churches were", "id": "15760892" }, { "contents": "Cathedral of St Michael and St John\n\n\n. In that year work commenced on a permanent church building located on the corner of George and Keppel Streets. St Michael's Church was a Victorian Gothic style building constructed in brick. It was in use by 1841 but appears not to have been completed until 1846 when leadlight windows were installed. Bishop John Bede Polding (1794-1877), first Catholic Archbishop of Sydney, was interested in fostering the English Gothic style of architecture in his diocese. He arranged for plans for significant churches to be prepared by English architects including", "id": "17452035" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Cathedral, Thunder Bay\n\n\n. From there, St. Patrick's Church was one of many churches that was missioned to the First Nations in Northern Ontario, as well as St. Andrew's Church, which was handed over to the diocese in 1997. St. Patrick's was built in 1892, the same year as Thunder Bay was incorporated as a town. The foundation stone was laid on 10 October 1891, and the first Mass was celebrated on 21 August 1892. The Jesuit parish priests made plans for the construction of an elementary school later that decade.", "id": "14488629" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Catholic Church (Toledo, Ohio)\n\n\nfor use in a new building. Fr. Edward Hannin, pastor of St. Patrick's, set out to create \"the finest church in this part of the land,\" for his congregation and began to raise money for construction. When it was completed, St. Patrick's was considered one of the finest examples of Gothic Revival architecture in the United States. The exterior is constructed of Amherst blue sandstone and the interior contains ten red granite columns. The church was dedicated on April 13, 1901. The church underwent extensive", "id": "9145471" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Dayton, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Mary's Catholic Church is a historic Catholic church building in an eastern neighborhood of Dayton, Ohio, United States. Constructed at the beginning of the twentieth century, it remains home to an active parish. Its grand architecture has made it an aviator's landmark, and it has been named a historic site by the federal government. Emanuel Church, the first Catholic parish in Dayton, was formed in 1837. Many English-speaking families left to form a separate parish in 1846, but Emanuel continued growing to the point", "id": "19205373" }, { "contents": "Church of St. James the Less\n\n\nmission. Weekly celebration of Mass resumed on Sundays at 5:00 pm. The breakaway congregation now meets at the Holy Cross Catholic church and is known as the Church of Saint Michael the Archangel. During the controversy, the parish school closed circa 2006. As part of its mandate, Saint Mark's Church began a fundraising effort to open a new parish school to serve this local community. In 2009 and 2010, the St. Mark's congregation (together with St. Francis Episcopal Church in Potomac, Maryland) sponsored Vacation Bible School at", "id": "12322466" }, { "contents": "St. John's Evangelical Lutheran Church (Springfield, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. John's Evangelical Lutheran Church is a historic Lutheran church in downtown Springfield, Ohio, United States. Founded as a German-speaking parish in Springfield's early days, it grew rapidly during its first few decades, and its present large church building was constructed in the 1890s under the direction of one of Springfield's leading architects. The congregation remains in the landmark church building, which has been named a historic site. Springfield's first Lutheran congregation was organized in May 1841, and a separate group of German Lutherans began", "id": "18832000" }, { "contents": "St Michael and St John Church, Clitheroe\n\n\nGrade II listed building. In September 2008, the Jesuits handed the church over to the Diocese of Salford who continue to serve the parish. Two years later, the parish merged with St Mary Queen of Peace Church in Sabden to form the parish of Our Lady of the Valley. St Mary's was built in 1877 and it was made into a parish in 1909, so that the parishioners did not have to travel the sizeable distance to attend Mass in Clitheroe. The parish has two Sunday Masses at St Michael and St", "id": "5090732" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n. St. Paul's church building is one of just six Gothic Revival churches built in Cleveland during the 1870s that survived into the 1980s. At one time considered Cleveland's grandest and largest church, it is distinguished by the unusual architecture of the peak of the bell tower, and the open interior features extensive detailing, along with seating for one thousand worshippers. Covered with sandstone from Berea, the building was a work of Gordon W. Lloyd, a Detroit architect who also produced grand churches in Ohio cities of various sizes, ranging", "id": "19215903" }, { "contents": "St. Aloysius' Catholic Church (Carthagena, Ohio)\n\n\nerected in 1865. In their earliest years, the people worshipped in the chapel of the adjacent St. Charles Seminary. Throughout its history, the church has been significantly influenced by the seminary, which trained the priests of the Missionaries of the Precious Blood and provided pastors for the church. As its membership grew, the parish decided to construct a church building. Plans were laid and construction began in 1875; the cornerstone was laid in May 1877, and the church was consecrated on June 30, 1878; the parishioners had performed", "id": "20255448" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Church (Monroe, Michigan)\n\n\nto come. St. Michael Church is located along the River Raisin on West Front Street in the city of Monroe, MI. The 183 foot steeple isn't hard to miss. When you come into Monroe you can easily see St. Michael's A tradition at St. Michael Church is the parish prayer. It is said before the beginning of every mass. It reads: \"Lord, God, we glorify Your holy name and thank you for calling us, the people of Saint Michael the Archangel Parish, to be one in", "id": "12346363" }, { "contents": "St Michael and All Angels Church, Barton Turf\n\n\nSt Michael and All Angels is the Church of England parish church of Barton Turf in the county of Norfolk in England. See Inside here. It stands about a kilometre south-west of the village in the midst of a plantation of trees. Particularly notable for its surviving paintings, the church is listed with Grade I. The building was at first constructed in rather an undistinguished Perpendicular style, possessing a tower at the west end of the church. The church is best known for the twelve panels of its late-Gothic rood", "id": "15249529" }, { "contents": "St Michael and All Angels' Church, Haworth\n\n\nSt Michael and All Angels' Church is the Church of England parish church of Haworth, West Yorkshire. The current structure, the third church building on the site, was built between 1879 and 1881 although parts of the original medieval church building, notably the tower, survive from earlier periods. The church is best known for its historic association with the Brontë sisters whose father Revd. Patrick Brontë served as minister of the parish between 1820 and 1861. A chapel has existed on the site since 1488, though records held at", "id": "17201346" }, { "contents": "St. Peter Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Peter Church (), is a Catholic parish church in Cleveland, Ohio and part of the Diocese of Cleveland. Founded in , it is located at the intersection of Superior Ave. near East 17th St., in the Downtown neighborhood. The church is a longstanding city landmark; George Francis Houck, then the Chancellor, wrote in 1903 that, \"One of the landmarks of the city and Diocese of Cleveland is St. Peter's Church.\" It is listed as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. It is also a named", "id": "13925952" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Church (Monroe, Michigan)\n\n\n. It was used as a church on the first floor and on the second it was used for the school. Later it would only be used as St. Michael School. Then in 1866 the cornerstone for the present church was laid. The large 187 foot steeple wasn't added until 1883. In 1874 the 3-story rectory was built east of the church. In 1918 the parish built the present building of St. Michael School which is now a part of Monroe Catholic Elementary Schools. The movement to establish the parish started in 1845", "id": "12346356" }, { "contents": "St. Casimir Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nRichard Gilmour for permission to form a new parish and build a church for their own use. In December 1891, Monsignor Felix Boff, V.G., administrator of the diocese, granted the required permission. Those parishioners left to form St. Casimir Church in 1891. The parish was founded in 1891 — about 44 years after the Diocese of Cleveland was erected by Pope Pius IX. In December, 1891, Boff appointed Father Benedict Rosinski, pastor of St. Adalbert's, Berea, Ohio, to take charge of the mission. On", "id": "12488231" }, { "contents": "St James' Church, Forest Gate\n\n\nSt James' Church, Forest Gate was a church in Forest Gate, east London. Its origins lay in an iron building constructed around 1870 to serve a conventional district. A parish was formed for it in 1881 from those of Emmanuel Church, All Saints and St John's and its permanent church completed the following year, with an organ moved from St Matthew's Church, Friday Street. The church was demolished in 1964 and for two years its congregation worshiped in the Durning Hall Community Centre's chapel until the parish was", "id": "17208906" }, { "contents": "North Presbyterian Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nNorth Presbyterian Church is a historic Presbyterian church on the east side of Cleveland, Ohio, United States. Constructed in the 1880s, the church building has been named a historic site. Throughout its history, the congregation has been focused on Sunday school work. North Presbyterian Church developed out of a mission Sunday school established in east-side Cleveland in 1859. The local presbytery organized a congregation out of the Sunday school in 1867, and within a short while, the new congregation formed the first of two mission Sunday schools in", "id": "19215693" }, { "contents": "St. Vitus's Church, Cleveland\n\n\nVitus to work on the interior. It was finished for the centennial celebration of the parish later that year. St. Vitus remains a strong parish, but Fr. Božnar works with Bishop Lennon's programs to cluster parishes in order to increase strength for inner-city parishes. The church building of St. Vitus itself is constructed in the Lombard-Roman style with pale yellow Falston brick. It is 141 feet long and 100 feet wide with an attached parish house on its west side. Its two Romanesque bell towers reach 110 feet", "id": "916027" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Michael (St. Michael, Minnesota)\n\n\nof the church came from Saint John's Abbey in Collegeville. In 1866 a new church was built in the center of the town and served for about 25 years. In 1890 the parish built a Gothic Revival building, which was the largest church in Wright County at the time. The building features ornate statues and German woodcarvings. Although the parish had a mostly German ethnicity for many years, since 1985 the number of families in the parish doubled, and it no longer appears to be an ethnic parish. In 2004 the", "id": "1327870" }, { "contents": "St. Thomas Church (Underhill, Vermont)\n\n\nSt. Thomas Church is a Roman Catholic church in the Town of Underhill, Vermont in the United States, located in the unincorporated village of \"Underhill Center\". The church was built from 1891-92 after its predecessor had burned down on 19 December 1890. The cornerstone for the current St. Thomas Church building was laid on 12 August 1891 at an event that had an estimated 1,000 attendees. Although the construction period spanned from 1 May 1891 until December 1892, the first Mass was nevertheless held in the basement of the church", "id": "6739395" }, { "contents": "St. William Parish (Lawncrest)\n\n\n1950s and 60's, saw many changes come to the physical plant of the Parish that reflected the housing boom of the area, the economic upswing of the times and the growing parish population. Many of the original \"Motley Buildings\" were completely replaced. The Middle School (Junior High/Upper School) building was built and later an additional floor was added. When consideration was had for the completion of the Upper Church, it was found that the basement church was not structurally sufficient to support additional construction. In 1955", "id": "10364503" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Michael the Archangel, Katowice\n\n\nChurch of St. Michael Archangel () is one of the oldest buildings in Katowice. It's located in Kościuszko Park, where it was moved in 1938 from the village Syrynia, where it was originally constructed in 1510. It is under the invocation of St. Michael. It has end-fitted log framework construction and shingled roof. Free-standing belltower was completed before 1679; it has historic lych-gate and wooden fence around the churchyard. The church of St. Michael Archangel was first built in 1305 in Syrynia, near", "id": "21359049" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Catholic Church (St. Patrick, Ohio)\n\n\n's was closely connected to many other churches in western Ohio: wide areas of western Ohio that were primarily settled by Catholics feature large churches at sparsely-populated crossroads. While most of these churches are constructed in the Gothic Revival style of architecture, some of the newer churches of the region — including St. Patrick's — appear in a variety of styles; St. Patrick's was one of the few that lacked the high steeples of the Gothic Revival structures. The leading role of these churches in western Shelby County and the lands", "id": "15760890" }, { "contents": "St Michael's Roman Catholic Church, Linlithgow\n\n\nchildren the congregation capitalised on the spirit of cooperation and community and set out to build a school. Located on a site next to the church St. Joseph's school was opened on 1 July 1889 and served the children of the parish until 1964 when new premises were occupied at Preston Road. Although during this time Fr Easson had replaced Fr Murphy as parish priest there was no change of emphasis and all the parish energies were engaged in the effort to complete the church building programme. Plans to double the size of the church were", "id": "17679127" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Delaware, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Mary's Catholic Church is a historic Catholic parish church in the city of Delaware, Ohio, United States. Constructed in the 1880s, this grand building is home to a congregation established in the middle of the nineteenth century. Its grand style has long made it a community landmark, and it was named a historic landmark in 1980. Delaware's first Masses were celebrated by travelling priests in the homes of the city's few Catholics, most of whom were Irish or German immigrants. The members built the first St. Mary", "id": "2642749" }, { "contents": "Church of the Resurrection (Rye, New York)\n\n\nin 1881 at the intersection of Purchase Street and the Boston Post Road, where services were then offered. The parish was incorporated on January 29, 1886, and title to the property was transferred from the archdiocese to the parish itself. A new church building was completed in 1889 on Purchase Street, while the former building was used as the rectory. Thereafter, construction of a parochial school on the Boston Post Road began in 1906 and was completed two years later. With the number of parishioners growing, the church purchased land", "id": "19300829" }, { "contents": "Near North Side, Chicago\n\n\n, most of this area was an enclave to the first emigrants from Puerto Rico to Chicago, who referred to it as part of \"La Clark\" until commercialization decorated late 1960s shop signs with the name of Old Town. The neighborhood is home to St. Michael's Church, originally built to serve German immigrants, and one of only 7 to survive the great Chicago fire. St. Michael's, Holy Name Cathedral, Immaculate Conception, and St. Joseph's Catholic churches all catered to Latinos with a Mass in Spanish. Many", "id": "1540930" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Massillon, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Mary's Catholic Church is a historic Catholic church building in the city of Massillon, Ohio, United States. Constructed in 1876 for a congregation composed largely of European immigrants, it has been named a historic site. The origins of St. Mary parish lie among numerous Germans and Irish who settled in Massillon in its early years and built a small house of worship on Cherry Road in the 1840s. This building stood until 1875, when it was destroyed so that the present church might occupy its location; it was built in", "id": "19205828" }, { "contents": "St. Anne Church (Berlin, New Hampshire)\n\n\nSt. Anne Church is a historic church at 58 Church Street in Berlin, New Hampshire, United States. It is the church for Good Shepherd Parish within the Roman Catholic Diocese of Manchester. St. Anne Parish was founded in 1867, and was Berlin's first Roman Catholic congregation. It was merged with Guardian Angel Parish, St. Joseph Parish, and St. Kieran Parish in 2000 to form Good Shepherd Parish. Its building, constructed in 1900, is an important local example of Romanesque architecture, and was listed on the National Register", "id": "2452362" }, { "contents": "St. Peter Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n, put up by Luhr, was torn down and replaced by a large pastoral residence adjoining the rear of the church, at a cost of $12,000. In the same year a third story was added to St. Peter's school building, and arranged for a parish hall, containing a stage and other conveniences, at a cost of $10,000. In the synod of January 3, 1889, St. Peter's congregation was the first mentioned among the nine principal churches of the diocese which Gilmour named as rectorates, with an", "id": "13925965" }, { "contents": "Trinity Cathedral (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nfirst church building built within the village limits of Cleveland. In 1846, to meet the needs of a growing parish, plans for a larger, centralized building just east of Public Square commenced. The congregation moved into the larger stone structure in the Gothic style on Superior Avenue in 1855. In 1890, Trinity Church was offered to Bishop William A. Leonard for use as a cathedral for the Diocese of Ohio. The congregation would maintain the building and it would serve dual roles as the parish church and cathedral for the diocese.", "id": "19215933" }, { "contents": "St. Andrew's Cathedral (Jackson, Mississippi)\n\n\nat the time that was not located along the Mississippi River. Its church was burned by the Union Army during the American Civil War in 1863. The cornerstone for the second church was laid by the Rt. Rev. William Mercer Green in 1869. By the turn of the Twentieth Century the congregation had outgrown its church building and the present structure was completed in 1903. The Parish House was constructed between 1923 and 1924. The congregation continued to grow and the building along West Street was built in 1955. The bishop moved his", "id": "20556538" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Evansville, Indiana)\n\n\nservice in the first church building was held on April 15, 1883. While construction ensued, a congregant and frequent benefactor, Charles Viele, offered the use of Viele Hall (located on 2nd street between Main and Sycamore streets) to St. Paul's parish. The cornerstone for new St. Paul's was laid on September 3, 1883, and construction completed on March 2, 1886 with Bishop D.B. Knickerbacker consecrating the new building. Charles and Mary Viele continued to sponsor further construction on the church grounds - first with a rectory", "id": "20407572" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Church (Monroe, Michigan)\n\n\nSaint Michael the Archangel Church (St. Michael Church) is located on the west side of the city of Monroe, Michigan along the River Raisin. It is home to 1,200 families and it is one of most important religious institutes in Monroe County. It was founded in the year 1852. The present building was built from 1866-1867. It is in the Archdiocese of Detroit. Its current priest is Rev. Phillip Ching. When the parish was first established, the mayor of Monroe palatial residence was remodeled as a temporary church", "id": "12346355" }, { "contents": "St. Mary Congregational Church\n\n\nSt. Mary Congregational Church in Abbeville, Louisiana is the oldest incorporated, predominantly African-American church in Vermilion Parish. Its historic Gothic Revival style church at 213 S. Louisiana Avenue, constructed in 1905 to replace a previous building, was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1999. American Missionary Association records show the congregation dates to at least 1877. The structure is a three-bay, gable-fronted church with a prominent corner tower. The tower is three-stage and square. The church is currently non", "id": "17676536" }, { "contents": "St. Charles of the Valley Catholic Church and Rectory\n\n\nSt. Charles Borromeo Church is a Catholic parish in Hailey, Idaho, in the Diocese of Boise. Its historic parish church and rectory complex, located at Pine and S. 1st Streets, is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Fr. E.M. Nattini began ministering in the Wood River Valley in the 1880s. The population was growing rapidly, and he was soon able to raise funds for the construction of the first church of St. Charles, which began June 17, 1883. It was the first Catholic church ineast of", "id": "20581174" }, { "contents": "Sacred Heart Catholic Church (Dayton, Ohio)\n\n\nprompted some of the members to leave in July 1883 and establish Sacred Heart Church; under the leadership of St. Joseph's associate pastor Hugh McDevitt, the congregation rented a meeting hall while waiting for the construction of their building. Land for the present church was purchased for $19,000, and William Henry Elder laid the cornerstone in June 1888. Exterior work was completed in the following year, and by 1893 construction was close enough to completion that the congregation could begin worshipping in their building. The building was consecrated by Bishop Maes", "id": "22206155" }, { "contents": "St. Vincent de Paul Church (Pontiac, Michigan)\n\n\n. The church continued to grow, and in the 1880s, the Reverend Fridolin Baumgartner began raising funds for the construction of the present church. The congregation hired the Detroit architecture firm of Donaldson & Meier to design the church, and the cornerstone was laid on September 6, 1885. The church was dedicated two years later, on September 18, 1887. A 6600-pound bell was installed in the church in 1890. A rectory was constructed in 1895, a school building was added in 1897, and a parish hall in 1911", "id": "19268922" }, { "contents": "St. Boniface Roman Catholic Church\n\n\npopulation on the west side. In 1873, a two-story, red brick Italianate rectory building was built for the parish at a cost of $6,000. A stone church building was planned by the prominent local architect William M. Scott, and construction was completed in 1883 at a cost of $30,000. The parish was closed in 1989, and the building was demolished a few years later. St. Boniface Church was an eclectic example of Romanesque Revival and Ruskinian Gothic architecture. It was built in a cruciform shape from red", "id": "9736494" } ]

[ { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nchurch congregation reached its peak size in the 1950, when only 25% of the parishioners were of German descent. The first Spanish Mass was said in 1971 for the growing number of Hispanic parishioners. The congregation now is mostly Latin American. The church now offers Masses in both English and Spanish. An annual Good Friday Procession begins or ends at St. Michael's. St Michael's and La Sagrada Familia church alternate every year to begin or end at one of the two churches. There is a stop at St Patrick's", "id": "19125747" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nwhile the new building was under construction. The current church, which had its cornerstone laid in 1889, was completed five years ahead of schedule in 1892. The church building is considered a good example of High Victorian Gothic architecture with its two towers of unequal height, the taller of which rises , and three archways. An architecturally notable school adjacent to the church began construction in 1906 and was completed in 1907. For many years the church was one of the most costly and artistically notable churches in the Cleveland Diocese. The", "id": "19125746" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Michael the Archangel is a Roman Catholic church located at 3114 Scranton Road in the Clark-Fulton neighborhood on the west side of Cleveland, Ohio. The church is named in honor of St. Michael the Archangel and was completed in 1892. The congregation was founded in 1881 as a mission of Ohio City, Cleveland's St. Mary's on-the-Flats to serve a growing German immigrant population on Cleveland's west side. The original church and school building were constructed in 1883 but burned on June 29, 1891,", "id": "19125745" }, { "contents": "St. John's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n's. Trinity Cathedral is now the seat of the Episcopal Diocese of Ohio. St. John's was also the mother church to several of the west side parishes. In 1837, the Ohio City Directory described the church as follows, \"The Episcopal Church, which is not yet finished, is built of hammered stone, and has a lofty steeple. Its style of architecture is Gothic, resembling that of the ancient and venerable Cathedral. This building, when finished, will be one of the best of the kind in the", "id": "18742416" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cincinnati, Ohio)\n\n\n1847. The cornerstone was laid August 1, 1847 and the church dedicated June 4, 1848. Rev. Fr. Zoppoth was selected as the first pastor for the congregation. In 1868 St. Michael Church became the mother parish to St. Lawrence Church which was organized that same year. The Comboni Missionaries took charge of the parish in 1964. By this time many of the German-speaking families in the parish had begun to move to other parts of the city. In a mass celebrated by Daniel Edward Pilarczyk the church building was", "id": "11338583" }, { "contents": "St. Columba Cathedral (Youngstown, Ohio)\n\n\nThe first Mass celebrated in Youngstown occurred in 1826. St. Columba Parish was founded in 1847, the year that Pope Pius IX established the Diocese of Cleveland, of which Youngstown was a part. The first church was completed in 1850. As the parish grew, it required a larger church, which it completed in 1868. The first parish school building was opened three years later. The parish continued to grow and constructed yet another church which opened in 1897. Bishop Ignatius Horstmann consecrated the sanctuary in 1903. The parish added", "id": "13619245" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Stephen Church is a Roman Catholic church located in the Detroit-Shoreway neighborhood on the west side of Cleveland, Ohio. The gothic style building was designed by architects Cudell & Richardson. The current church was built in 1875 and was added into the National Register of Historic Places in 1977. St. Stephen Roman Catholic Church was founded in 1869 due to a need for a second German parish on the west side of Cleveland. The first German parish, St. Mary's, increased so much that Cleveland was in need of a", "id": "19215917" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cincinnati, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Michael the Archangel Church is a Roman Catholic church located at 2110 St. Michael Street, in Cincinnati, Ohio. The cornerstone of this church was laid in 1847 and the church dedicated a year later. The church closed April 5, 1998. As the tide of German immigrants continued to rise in Cincinnati, more churches were needed. Holy Trinity Church was the first German speaking parish. As the city grew in three directions; north, east and west; there were three parishes which descended from that parish Old St. Mary", "id": "11338581" }, { "contents": "St. John's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. John's Episcopal Church is located at 2600 Church Avenue in the Ohio City neighborhood of Cleveland, Ohio. St. John's is the oldest consecrated building in Cuyahoga county. This stone gothic revival church building was designed by Hezekiah Eldredge and built beginning in 1836 and was completed 1838. Eldridge was probably familiar with John Henry Hopkins' \"An Essay on Gothic Architecture\", the first book on Gothic ecclesiastical architecture to be published in the United States. St. John's is a good representative of a small group of American churches", "id": "18742414" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland Heights, Ohio)\n\n\nFairmount Blvd, it is a contributing property in the Fairmount Boulevard District, which is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. St. Paul's was first established in the city of Cleveland, Ohio on October 26, 1846. The congregation did not have its own building until 1851, as a frame building completed in 1849 burned completely. A small brick church in the Gothic Revival style was completed for the parish at Euclid and Sheriff (East 4th) Streets by 1858. St. Paul's congregation outgrew the church, however", "id": "18644038" }, { "contents": "Irvington, Baltimore\n\n\nPassion\", marking the beginning of St. Joseph's Monastery Parish. Construction of a new, larger church began in 1881 and was completed in 1883. Its cornerstone was placed by Cardinal James Gibbons. The original monastery, beside the church, burned down in 1883. A new monastery was completed in 1886. The monastery chapel is extant and contains an 1887 Niemann pipe organ. The congregation of St. Joseph's Monastery Parish outgrew their church building in the following century. In 1931, Archbishop Michael Joseph Curley placed the cornerstone for", "id": "5906170" }, { "contents": "St. Theodosius Russian Orthodox Cathedral\n\n\nSt. Theodosius Cathedral is an Orthodox church located on Starkweather Avenue in the Tremont neighborhood, on the near west side of Cleveland, Ohio. It is considered one of the best examples of Russian church architecture in the U.S. and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The parish is the first Orthodox parish in Cleveland and is currently under the jurisdiction of the Diocese of the Midwest of the Orthodox Church in America. St. Theodosius is perhaps best known for its appearance in the 1978 film, \"The Deer Hunter\" with", "id": "13141384" }, { "contents": "St. Casimir Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nBoth the church building and the school building are GNIS named features. The church building is listed as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. To provide properly for the large and steadily increasing number of Poles in the north-eastern part of Cleveland it was necessary to organize them into the third Polish congregation within the limits of the city. They lived too far away from St. Stanislaus Church, with which they had been affiliated, for them to conveniently either attend Mass or for their children to attend the parish school. They therefore petitioned Bishop", "id": "12488230" }, { "contents": "St. Henry's Catholic Church (Harriettsville, Ohio)\n\n\nChurch in Fulda in order to hear Mass. Virtually all of the members in the early decades were Germans or of German descent. A parish school was formed in the late 1870s, and in its first twenty years, the parish grew fourfold in membership. This growth caused the original church building to be too small: land for a new building was purchased in 1879, and construction finished in 1894. St. Henry's Church is a stone building in the Gothic Revival style; the most prominent component is a multi-story tower", "id": "19205430" }, { "contents": "St. Michael's Church, Old Town, Chicago\n\n\nSt. Michael's Church in the Old Town neighborhood of Chicago is a Roman Catholic church staffed by the Redemptorist order of priests. The parish was founded to minister to German Catholic immigrants in 1852 with its first wooden church completed that year at a cost of $750 (including the bell). The building stands at the intersection of Eugenie Street and Cleveland Avenue. The church was built as a haven for German immigrants who were outcasts in Old Chicago. In addition, the town's main church, St. Joseph's Church,", "id": "10838314" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cincinnati, Ohio)\n\n\n's Church, St. Philomena's Church and St. Joseph's Church. The three parishes were founded in 1840, 1846 and 1846 respectively. As more immigration followed, St. Michael's was founded, the first filial parish of St. Joseph. The parish was located to what was then called Storrs Township. Forty-five persons organized themselves into a congregation in the early part of 1847 and drew up a constitution for the church A lot was donated by Innocent Troenle and two additional adjacent pieces of property were bought in April and May", "id": "11338582" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Michael and St. Anthony\n\n\ntoday to mostly Poles and Italians. The church has also been noted for its Byzantine Revival architecture, complete with a dome and minaret-styled tower, making it \"one of the more unique examples of church architecture in Montréal.\" Construction on the Church of St. Michael the Archangel began in 1914, for what would grow to become the largest anglophone parish in Montreal. After a brief delay following the commencement of World War I, the church was completed in 1915 at a cost of $232,000, with a capacity of", "id": "10850773" }, { "contents": "Zion Lutheran Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nother Cleveland-area Lutheran congregations, including Trinity Lutheran Church, are Zion's daughters. The original church building was located downtown, but the east-side German community was strong enough by 1902 that the congregation deemed Prospect Avenue a better location for serving the community. From its earliest years, the congregation had sponsored a school; Zion Lutheran School was founded in 1848, at which time all scholars were instructed in German. The school moved to Prospect Avenue ahead of the church; the present building was completed in 1903,", "id": "19215937" }, { "contents": "St. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\non their behalf with papal authorities, and Charles Boehm of Hungary settled in Cleveland in late 1892 to serve the new St. Elizabeth parish, the first Hungarian nationality parish in America. Boehm immediately began registering members and advocating for the construction of a church complex; the first church building, a brick structure, was erected by the end of 1893, a school soon followed, and a larger school was completed in 1900 because of expanded enrollment. He also began a Hungarian-language parish newspaper that soon gained subscribers in other parts", "id": "19215854" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church, Madison\n\n\ndying Catholics (he was a doctor as well). Costigan is believed to have been the Catholic architect of the church. Costigan was only recorded as being a member of the parish during the construction, but details of the church building mirror his other buildings in Madison. In December 1839 St. Michael the Archangel Catholic Church was completed. As the City of Madison grew, so did its Catholic population. German–Catholics had increased highly in numbers and had formed a separate congregation within St. Michael's. In 1850, the", "id": "2385658" }, { "contents": "Pilgrim Congregational Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nonly a short time, as construction on the present building was started just 23 years after the first building was finished. The name \"Pilgrim Congregational Church\" was adopted in 1894 upon the completion of the present building; they had been styled \"Heights Congregational Church\" into the 1870s and used the name \"Jennings Avenue Congregational Church\" in the 1880s. The building was a community landmark from its earliest years — electric wiring was included in the original construction at a time when no other Cleveland buildings west of the Cuyahoga River", "id": "19215839" }, { "contents": "St. Monica Church (Manhattan)\n\n\nin 1880 he began conducting Mass over a feed store at 404 East 78th Street. The following year, he purchased land for the construction of the church and school. Construction of the first church building was completed in 1883. In 1892, the address was listed as 409 E 79th Street. The Rev. John J. Boyle served as acting rector at St. Monica's before becoming the founding pastor of St. Luke's Church (Bronx, New York). The current Gothic Revival church building was erected in 1906 to the designs of", "id": "18565781" }, { "contents": "Annunciation Church (historic) (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nAnnunciation Church (historic) (), was a Catholic parish church in Cleveland, Ohio and part of the Diocese of Cleveland. It was located at the intersection of Hurd St. and Moore St., now part of the West Side Market parking lot, in the Ohio City neighborhood. The location where the church once stood can be found, in an 1881 atlas, at the south-west corner of Hurd St. and Moore St., on the west bank of the Cuyahoga river above part of the Flats historically known as Ox", "id": "14549709" }, { "contents": "Sacred Heart of Jesus Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n. Between 1885 and 1889 a large number of Poles settled in South Cleveland, in the area of East 71st St. and Harvard Ave. They lived too far away from St. Stanislaus church for them to conveniently either attend Mass or for their children to attend the parish school. They petitioned Bishop Richard Gilmour for permission to form a new parish and build a church for their own use. The petition to form a new parish and build a church was granted, and the parish was founded in  — about 42 years after the Diocese", "id": "12287909" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland Heights, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Paul's Episcopal Church is a parish of the Episcopal Church in Cleveland Heights, Ohio. The current rector is the Rev. Jeanne Leinbach, installed on October 23, 2015. She is the first female rector of St. Paul's. Her predecessor was the Rev. Alan M. Gates, who served from 2004-2014, before his election as Bishop of Massachusetts. St. Paul's is a leading church and has the largest congregation in the Episcopal Diocese of Ohio. The church building is a Cleveland Heights landmark. Located at 2747", "id": "18644037" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nRev. Richard Gilmour. Volunteer German and Hungarian woodworkers completed the interior of the church. Over the next 40 years, the parish added a rectory, convent for the Sisters of Notre Dame and two school buildings including one for and an all girls two-year high school which opened in 1905. After World War II, St. Stephen's parish experienced unprecedented growth due to the population growth in Cleveland and throughout the country. On June 8, 1953 a tornado severely damaged the church structure. Work to restore the building began immediately", "id": "19215920" }, { "contents": "Cathedral of St. John the Evangelist (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nstyle and the Bishop laid the cornerstone October 22, 1848. Until the new building was completed in 1852, St. Mary's served as cathedral for the diocese. At the time of its completion, the new cathedral was the well beyond Cleveland's Public Square. Alterations and additions began on the church almost as soon as the initial construction was complete. In 1857, a boys' school was added and within ten years, it was joined by a parish hall and girls' school. In 1879, the parish raised sufficient", "id": "10656550" }, { "contents": "St. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nthe present building. Although the cornerstone was laid in 1918, the construction process was lengthy, and it was finally completed only in 1922. Built primarily of limestone, according to a design of Cleveland architect Emile Uhlrich, the church is an example of Italian-influenced Baroque Revival architecture, partly modelled after the church of Sant'Agnese in Agone in Rome. Two great towers, topped with cupolas, form the ends of the facade, while a great rose window sits in the middle section of the facade high above the main entrance", "id": "19215857" }, { "contents": "St. Nicholas' Catholic Church (Osgood, Ohio)\n\n\nnearby villages; St. Augustine's Church in Minster and St. Michael's Church in Fort Loramie were established by 1850, but the foundations of a parish in Osgood were not laid until 1904, and formal establishment of the parish came in 1906. In its earliest years, the Mass was celebrated in common buildings; after worshipping for a time in a school, the parishioners purchased a barn for ecclesiastical purposes. For many years, the improvement of the parish's facilities was hindered by its size; the fewness of its members meant", "id": "421917" }, { "contents": "Union–Miles Park\n\n\na congregation for African Americans, was founded 1914, and erected its first church building and school in 1916 at what is now Union Avenue and Martin Luther King Drive. The congregation that formed Archangel Michael Orthodox Church ( St. Michael's Orthodox Church) split from St. John the Baptist Orthodox Church in 1921. It began construction of its new church home at 10000 Union Avenue in April 1924, completing the structure in 1926. Although the long-standing Cataract House closed in 1917, the first Union–Miles Park movie theater,", "id": "20793486" }, { "contents": "St. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church is a historic Roman Catholic church in the Buckeye Road neighborhood on the east side of Cleveland, Ohio, United States. The earliest ethnic parish established for Hungarians in the United States, its present building was constructed in the early twentieth century, and it has been named a historic site. Cleveland's first Hungarian Catholics initially worshipped at St. Ladislaus' Church, an east-side Slovakian parish, but ethnic strife and increasing immigration prompted the Hungarian community to seek their own parish. Bishop Horstmann interceded", "id": "19215853" }, { "contents": "Sacred Heart of Jesus Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSacred Heart of Jesus (), was a Catholic parish church in Cleveland, Ohio and part of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland. It was located at the north-west corner of intersection of East 71st St. and Kazimier St., in a part of the South Broadway neighborhood previously known in Polish as \"\" and nicknamed \"Goosetown\". Both the church building and the school building are GNIS named features. The church, school, and rectory buildings are listed together as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. The church was closed", "id": "12287908" }, { "contents": "St. Mary Mother of the Redeemer Church (Norwalk, Ohio)\n\n\nSaint Mary Mother of the Redeemer Church is a parish in the Roman Catholic Diocese of Toledo. The current church is located at 38 W. League Street, Norwalk, Ohio. Construction on the building began on May 29, 1889, and was completed in 1894. The church was previously twinned with St. Alphonsus in Peru, Ohio, but was later twinned with St. Anthony in Milan, Ohio, after a mass restructuring of the diocese. The Century House was a name given to several buildings, now all demolished, within the", "id": "21671394" }, { "contents": "Pilgrim Congregational Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nPilgrim Congregational Church is a historic congregation of the United Church of Christ in Cleveland, Ohio, United States. Constructed in the 1890s for a congregation founded in the 1850s, it was named a historic site in the 1970s. Congregationalists began operating a Sunday school in Cleveland's Tremont neighborhood in 1854, and their efforts resulted in the creation of a church five years later. The members began construction of their first church building in 1865, although it was not completed until 1870. It was suitable for the congregation's needs for", "id": "19215838" }, { "contents": "Sidney Mason Stone\n\n\n; St. Patrick's Church, New Haven (1853) constructed of East Haven sandstone;First Congregational Church, Naugatuck, CT (1855) and Wooster Place Congregational Church, Wooster Square, New Haven (1855) (now the Church of St. Michael) the original design for which featured a Corinthian portico and tall steeple. In \"New Haven: A Guide to Architecture and Urban Design\", Brown remarks on St. Michael's, “The building has burned twice, the steeple blown down once...Only the side walls and tall", "id": "165241" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Dayton, Ohio)\n\n\ncentury, the parish had outgrown it, and construction began on a new building; Archbishop Moeller laid the cornerstone in July 1905 and consecrated it in November 1906. Growth continued, and St. Anthony's Church was established in 1913 by families coming out of St. Mary's. St. Mary's remains an active part of the Archdiocese of Cincinnati to the present day. Masses are celebrated both in English and in Spanish. The current St. Mary's Church is a Romanesque Revival structure built in a mix of brick and stone. Constructed", "id": "19205375" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Indianapolis, Indiana)\n\n\nuntil the Diocese of Indianapolis established Holy Rosary Catholic Church, an Italian national parish in Indianapolis in 1911. After the turn of the century, when the neighborhood become commercial, the parish purchased property at New Jersey and Vermont streets, where they built the present church, which was under construction from 1910 to 1912. St. Mary's adapted to its changing ethnic neighborhood over the years. In 1967, as the city's Spanish-speaking community began to grow, the parish began offering Sunday mass in Spanish. German-language", "id": "3660949" }, { "contents": "St. John's Catholic Church (Fryburg, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. John Catholic Church is a Roman Catholic church in the unincorporated community of Fryburg in Pusheta Township, Auglaize County, Ohio, United States. The parish was established in 1848, the same year in which the community was platted, and construction was completed in 1850. A Catholic school in connection with the church was established in 1877. Both buildings feature fine architecture: the church includes Gothic Revival elements such as ornate pilasters and lancet windows, while the former school is a good example of Federal architecture. St. John's is", "id": "11283325" }, { "contents": "St. Augustine Parish (Hartford, Connecticut)\n\n\nSt. Augustine Parish is a Roman Catholic parish located in Hartford, Connecticut. In addition to a church, the parish also administers a school, St. Augustine School. St. Augustine Parish was established in August 1902 with Fr. Michael Barry appointed as its first pastor. At that time, a church building had not yet been constructed so mass was offered at the Washington Street School until a basement chapel was completed in 1903. The current Romanesque-style church was completed in 1912 and dedicated by Bishop John J. Nilan of the then", "id": "21104070" }, { "contents": "Zion Lutheran Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nFirst Methodist, Trinity Cathedral, and St. Paul's Episcopal Church on Euclid Avenue. This condition persisted into the mid-1910s, at which point the neighborhood transitioned into a largely commercial area. Beginning after 1930, the neighborhood deteriorated as many buildings were demolished, often to create room for parking lots. In such an environment Zion Lutheran Church was constructed in 1902 and opened for public use in the following year. It is home to a congregation founded by German immigrants in 1843, the oldest extant Lutheran congregation in the city; many", "id": "19215936" }, { "contents": "Church of St Paul, Letchworth\n\n\nallow construction of the new church to begin, with the foundation stone being laid on 10 October 1923 by the Marchioness of Salisbury. Work on the first section of the building was completed including three and a half bays of the nave with arcades at the sides. This first section was consecrated by Michael Furse, the Bishop of St Albans on 3 May 1924. A tower was intended but was never built. By 1924 the church was becoming too small for its growing congregation and work on an extension began in early 1931,", "id": "1720772" }, { "contents": "Basilica of the Sacred Heart of Jesus, Syracuse\n\n\noriginal church was located across the street from the current structure. The first Mass in the new parish church was said on August 30, 1892, with the formal dedication taking place nearly a year later on June 11, 1893. The congregation outgrew the first church within a decade, and a decision was made to construct a new church. The foundations were built by parishioners in order to save money, and the cornerstone was laid in 1907. Work was completed in three years, and the church was completed and dedicated on", "id": "4119395" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n, side altars and pulpit are made entirely of oak wood and decorated with beautiful German woodcarvings. The church pews are also oak. A Mexican onyx and brass Communion rail was installed over the years and the floor of the sanctuary and aisles is made of black and white marble tiles. St. Stephen's is a fully active Roman Catholic Parish in the Diocese of Cleveland. This means that they have a full parish staff and church council. They have regular Sunday Masses as well as daily Masses. German Mass is offered every first", "id": "19215923" }, { "contents": "Roncesvalles, Toronto\n\n\nWomenpriests at the church. St. Casimir's Polish Roman Catholic Church at Garden Avenue, offers Polish masses on Sundays. Its origins begin in 1944 when the Oblate Mission decided to create the third Polish parish (and first in the west end) in Toronto. The lot on which the church stands today was purchased for $15,000 in 1948 and construction on the parish hall began the same year. The first mass was held in the church hall in 1949. The church was completed and officially began offering mass on May 23,", "id": "3040916" }, { "contents": "Rajavoor\n\n\nSt. Michael's Shrine which is located at the center part of Rajavoor. The annual feast starts on the first Friday of May with a flag hoisting followed by a ten-day Mass and adoration. The eighth, ninth and tenth days are marked with a car procession to St. Michael Archangel, carnival ended with High Mass in front of the Holy Cars. The Roman Catholics and parish are administered by the Kottar Diocese. Another notable church, Our Lady of Presentation (Kaanikkai Maathaa) Church is attached to the Rajavoor Parish as", "id": "4595849" }, { "contents": "Transfiguration Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nBaptist Church in the nearby suburb of Garfield Heights, Ohio, which had a large, new structure. In April 1943, Trinity Baptist Church sold its building to the Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland for $35,000 ($ in dollars). The Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland erected Transfiguration Parish on July 30, 1943. The parish was divided from nearby Immaculate Heart of Mary Church and Shrine Church of St. Stanislaus parishes. Reverend Joseph F. Zabawa was named the pastor of the new congregation, which took up residence in the Trinity", "id": "20542089" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Augustine (Larchmont, New York)\n\n\nThe Church of St. Augustine is a Roman Catholic church located in Larchmont, New York. The parish having been founded in 1892, the present Gothic Revival church building was constructed in 1928. With a growing number of Catholics living in Larchmont, New York—many of them domestic servants who attended Blessed Sacrament Church in New Rochelle or Most Holy Trinity Church in Mamaroneck—the Archbishop of New York, Michael Corrigan, created the parish of St. Augustine was created in 1892. The decision to establish a parish was motivated in part", "id": "19300736" }, { "contents": "St. Barbara Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Barbara Catholic Church () is a parish of the Roman Catholic Church in Cleveland, Ohio, within the Diocese of Cleveland. The parish church is located on Denison Ave. between West 16th St. and the southbound entrance to SR 176, in a part of the Brooklyn Centre neighborhood previously known in Polish as . The red brick parish church, designed by H.C. Gabele, is a local landmark. It is a GNIS named feature. The church, rectory and convent buildings are listed together as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. The", "id": "13695356" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\ntwo years the parishioners worshipped in a hotel before constructing a building at Fourth and Euclid downtown. A fire destroyed the structure before it was completed, but people throughout the city contributed funds to build a brick replacement in 1851. By the 1870s, the streets surrounding the church had become primarily commercial, so the vestry sold the building and rented halls while building the present church eastward on Euclid Avenue. Its placement amid the wealthy Millionaire's Row district soon caused it to become a symbol of the neighborhood. However, the membership", "id": "19215901" }, { "contents": "St Michael the Archangel Church, Chatham\n\n\nHeart Church in Luton. St Paulinus Church was built in 1788 as a Wesleyan Chapel. In 1892, it was bought by the local Catholic Church. Sacred Heart Church was built in 1949. On 26 June 1949, its foundation stone was laid by the parish priest of St Michael's Church. St Paulinus Church has one Sunday Mass at 9:00am. Sacred Heart Church also has one Sunday Mass, it is at 10:30am. St Michael's Church has four Sunday Masses: 6:30pm on Saturday and 9:30am, 11:00am and 6:00pm on", "id": "19228802" }, { "contents": "St Michael and All Angels Church, Kingaroy\n\n\n's construction. Architect Colin Deighton, who was assistant to John Hingeston Buckeridge, the Anglican Diocese of Brisbane Architect between 1887 and 1901, designed the church. Deighton designed a number of country churches and St Colomb's Anglican Church at Clayfield in Brisbane. The foundation stone of St Michael and All Angels Church was laid on 10 November 1910 by the Venerable Arthur Rivers, Archdeacon of Toowoomba. Construction of the building, which was to seat 250 worshippers, began in December 1910 and was completed in 1911. Its cost, including", "id": "3972006" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Catholic Church (Chicago)\n\n\nSt. Michael () is a church of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Chicago. The current church is located at E. 83rd Street and S. South Shore Drive in South Chicago, a neighborhood of Chicago, Illinois. It is a prime example of the so-called \"Polish Cathedral style\" of churches in both its opulence and grand scale. Along with Immaculate Conception, it is one of the two monumental Polish churches dominating over the South Chicago neighborhood. Founded in 1892 as a Polish parish in Chicago to relieve overcrowding at Immaculate", "id": "20616064" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nof St. Stephen's for 38 years. In 1873, Fr. Reichlin realized that a new church building was needed to accommodate the growing parish. The Cleveland-based architect firm called Cudell & Richardson was hired to build the structure that still stands today as St. Stephen's Roman Catholic Church. Due to economic depression in the mid-1870s, work on the new building was stopped. Parishioners mortgaged their own properties to raise funds for the new church. It was dedicated on November 20, 1881 by the second bishop of Cleveland,", "id": "19215919" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church, Madison\n\n\n1992, the parishes of St. Mary's and St. Michael's became one community of faith, with one priest, Father John Meyer, and two church buildings. Saturday night mass was held at St. Michael's for St. Michael's ‘parishioners,’ and on Sunday morning, mass was held at St. Mary's. In 1993, the area's two other Catholic Churches (St. Patrick's and St. Anthony's) were merged with St. Mary's-St. Michael's as well. St. Michael's had extensive roof damage", "id": "2385663" }, { "contents": "St. Michael's Church, Hildesheim\n\n\nin 1010 and dedicated the still unfinished building to Michael on the archangel's feast day, 29 September 1022, just a few weeks before his death. Construction, however, continued under his successor, Bishop Godehard (died 1038), who completed the work in 1031 and reconsecrated the church to Michael on September 29 of that year. The church has double choirs east and west, double tripartite transepts at either end of the nave, and six towers----two large ones over the crossings east and west, and four other tall and", "id": "721679" }, { "contents": "St. Augustine's Catholic Church (Napoleon, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Augustine's Catholic Church is a historic church in Napoleon, Ohio, United States. Located on the edge of the city's downtown, two blocks away from the Henry County Courthouse, the church is a prominent landmark in Napoleon. St. Augustine Parish was founded at some point between 1856 and 1858; its first priest was Michael Pietz. The parish was dedicated to St. Augustine in honor of Augustine Pilliod, who supervised the construction of its first building. This structure was replaced with the current church, which was built at", "id": "13450149" }, { "contents": "Saint Patrick's Church (Dubuque, Iowa)\n\n\nMcCabe was assigned as the first resident pastor. The cornerstone of the present brick church was laid in 1877, and the building dedicated on August 15, 1878. In 1928, the Rev. J.J. Hanley remodeled and enlarged the church. St. Patrick Church was originally built for service to the Irish settlers of Dubuque and while the parish has maintained a healthy respect for its Irish heritage over its many years of service, the parish now specializes in service to the Hispanic residents of Dubuque. The parish offers a Spanish Mass on Sundays,", "id": "20590874" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nsecond parish for German-speaking Catholics. In April 1869 the first bishop of Cleveland, Bishop Louis Amadeus Rappe, appointed Fr. Stephen Falk to have a two-story building built. The building would be used as a church on the upper level and a school on the lower level to accommodate the 200 families from St. Mary's that lived west of 44th Street. The newly ordained Fr. Casimir Reichlin became the first pastor and said the first Mass of the parish on May 1, 1870. He served as pastor", "id": "19215918" }, { "contents": "Immaculate Conception Catholic Church (Fulda, Ohio)\n\n\n. Construction began on a small church building under the ministry of the priest from Miltonsburg, and Archbishop Purcell of Cincinnati dedicated it in 1853. Ten years later, the parishioners constructed a parish school, and a rectory followed in 1866; its large size and pretentious architecture resulted in a high construction cost of $2,500. By this time, the original church building had become entirely inadequate for the needs of the congregation, and replacement plans were laid; the cornerstone was laid in May 1874, and Bishop Rosecrans of Columbus dedicated", "id": "19205436" }, { "contents": "St. Vitus's Church, Cleveland\n\n\nSt. Vitus is a parish of the Roman Catholic Church in Cleveland, Ohio, United States, in the Diocese of Cleveland. The parish church, located at 6019 Lausche Avenue in the St. Clair-Superior neighborhood, was completed in 1932. The first documented Slovenian to settle in the Cleveland area was Joseph Turk, who came about 1883, most likely from Carniola, and settled on Marble Avenue, near the steel mills. He helped organize the Catholic Slovenes in Cleveland, and requested that Bishop Richard Gilmour of Cleveland appoint a", "id": "916020" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Catholic Church (St. Patrick, Ohio)\n\n\nrectory in 1919 to house its pastor; before its construction, St. Patrick's was served by priests from St. Michael's Church in Fort Loramie to the southwest. In 1977, the church and rectory were recorded by the Ohio Historic Inventory for the purpose of historic preservation; both buildings were ranked in good condition without any significant risks. Two years later, they were listed together on the National Register of Historic Places, along with over thirty other buildings in the Land of the Cross-Tipped Churches. When these churches were", "id": "15760892" }, { "contents": "Cathedral of St Michael and St John\n\n\n. In that year work commenced on a permanent church building located on the corner of George and Keppel Streets. St Michael's Church was a Victorian Gothic style building constructed in brick. It was in use by 1841 but appears not to have been completed until 1846 when leadlight windows were installed. Bishop John Bede Polding (1794-1877), first Catholic Archbishop of Sydney, was interested in fostering the English Gothic style of architecture in his diocese. He arranged for plans for significant churches to be prepared by English architects including", "id": "17452035" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Cathedral, Thunder Bay\n\n\n. From there, St. Patrick's Church was one of many churches that was missioned to the First Nations in Northern Ontario, as well as St. Andrew's Church, which was handed over to the diocese in 1997. St. Patrick's was built in 1892, the same year as Thunder Bay was incorporated as a town. The foundation stone was laid on 10 October 1891, and the first Mass was celebrated on 21 August 1892. The Jesuit parish priests made plans for the construction of an elementary school later that decade.", "id": "14488629" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Catholic Church (Toledo, Ohio)\n\n\nfor use in a new building. Fr. Edward Hannin, pastor of St. Patrick's, set out to create \"the finest church in this part of the land,\" for his congregation and began to raise money for construction. When it was completed, St. Patrick's was considered one of the finest examples of Gothic Revival architecture in the United States. The exterior is constructed of Amherst blue sandstone and the interior contains ten red granite columns. The church was dedicated on April 13, 1901. The church underwent extensive", "id": "9145471" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Dayton, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Mary's Catholic Church is a historic Catholic church building in an eastern neighborhood of Dayton, Ohio, United States. Constructed at the beginning of the twentieth century, it remains home to an active parish. Its grand architecture has made it an aviator's landmark, and it has been named a historic site by the federal government. Emanuel Church, the first Catholic parish in Dayton, was formed in 1837. Many English-speaking families left to form a separate parish in 1846, but Emanuel continued growing to the point", "id": "19205373" }, { "contents": "Church of St. James the Less\n\n\nmission. Weekly celebration of Mass resumed on Sundays at 5:00 pm. The breakaway congregation now meets at the Holy Cross Catholic church and is known as the Church of Saint Michael the Archangel. During the controversy, the parish school closed circa 2006. As part of its mandate, Saint Mark's Church began a fundraising effort to open a new parish school to serve this local community. In 2009 and 2010, the St. Mark's congregation (together with St. Francis Episcopal Church in Potomac, Maryland) sponsored Vacation Bible School at", "id": "12322466" }, { "contents": "St. John's Evangelical Lutheran Church (Springfield, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. John's Evangelical Lutheran Church is a historic Lutheran church in downtown Springfield, Ohio, United States. Founded as a German-speaking parish in Springfield's early days, it grew rapidly during its first few decades, and its present large church building was constructed in the 1890s under the direction of one of Springfield's leading architects. The congregation remains in the landmark church building, which has been named a historic site. Springfield's first Lutheran congregation was organized in May 1841, and a separate group of German Lutherans began", "id": "18832000" }, { "contents": "St Michael and St John Church, Clitheroe\n\n\nGrade II listed building. In September 2008, the Jesuits handed the church over to the Diocese of Salford who continue to serve the parish. Two years later, the parish merged with St Mary Queen of Peace Church in Sabden to form the parish of Our Lady of the Valley. St Mary's was built in 1877 and it was made into a parish in 1909, so that the parishioners did not have to travel the sizeable distance to attend Mass in Clitheroe. The parish has two Sunday Masses at St Michael and St", "id": "5090732" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n. St. Paul's church building is one of just six Gothic Revival churches built in Cleveland during the 1870s that survived into the 1980s. At one time considered Cleveland's grandest and largest church, it is distinguished by the unusual architecture of the peak of the bell tower, and the open interior features extensive detailing, along with seating for one thousand worshippers. Covered with sandstone from Berea, the building was a work of Gordon W. Lloyd, a Detroit architect who also produced grand churches in Ohio cities of various sizes, ranging", "id": "19215903" }, { "contents": "St. Aloysius' Catholic Church (Carthagena, Ohio)\n\n\nerected in 1865. In their earliest years, the people worshipped in the chapel of the adjacent St. Charles Seminary. Throughout its history, the church has been significantly influenced by the seminary, which trained the priests of the Missionaries of the Precious Blood and provided pastors for the church. As its membership grew, the parish decided to construct a church building. Plans were laid and construction began in 1875; the cornerstone was laid in May 1877, and the church was consecrated on June 30, 1878; the parishioners had performed", "id": "20255448" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Church (Monroe, Michigan)\n\n\nto come. St. Michael Church is located along the River Raisin on West Front Street in the city of Monroe, MI. The 183 foot steeple isn't hard to miss. When you come into Monroe you can easily see St. Michael's A tradition at St. Michael Church is the parish prayer. It is said before the beginning of every mass. It reads: \"Lord, God, we glorify Your holy name and thank you for calling us, the people of Saint Michael the Archangel Parish, to be one in", "id": "12346363" }, { "contents": "St Michael and All Angels Church, Barton Turf\n\n\nSt Michael and All Angels is the Church of England parish church of Barton Turf in the county of Norfolk in England. See Inside here. It stands about a kilometre south-west of the village in the midst of a plantation of trees. Particularly notable for its surviving paintings, the church is listed with Grade I. The building was at first constructed in rather an undistinguished Perpendicular style, possessing a tower at the west end of the church. The church is best known for the twelve panels of its late-Gothic rood", "id": "15249529" }, { "contents": "St Michael and All Angels' Church, Haworth\n\n\nSt Michael and All Angels' Church is the Church of England parish church of Haworth, West Yorkshire. The current structure, the third church building on the site, was built between 1879 and 1881 although parts of the original medieval church building, notably the tower, survive from earlier periods. The church is best known for its historic association with the Brontë sisters whose father Revd. Patrick Brontë served as minister of the parish between 1820 and 1861. A chapel has existed on the site since 1488, though records held at", "id": "17201346" }, { "contents": "St. Peter Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Peter Church (), is a Catholic parish church in Cleveland, Ohio and part of the Diocese of Cleveland. Founded in , it is located at the intersection of Superior Ave. near East 17th St., in the Downtown neighborhood. The church is a longstanding city landmark; George Francis Houck, then the Chancellor, wrote in 1903 that, \"One of the landmarks of the city and Diocese of Cleveland is St. Peter's Church.\" It is listed as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. It is also a named", "id": "13925952" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Church (Monroe, Michigan)\n\n\n. It was used as a church on the first floor and on the second it was used for the school. Later it would only be used as St. Michael School. Then in 1866 the cornerstone for the present church was laid. The large 187 foot steeple wasn't added until 1883. In 1874 the 3-story rectory was built east of the church. In 1918 the parish built the present building of St. Michael School which is now a part of Monroe Catholic Elementary Schools. The movement to establish the parish started in 1845", "id": "12346356" }, { "contents": "St. Casimir Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nRichard Gilmour for permission to form a new parish and build a church for their own use. In December 1891, Monsignor Felix Boff, V.G., administrator of the diocese, granted the required permission. Those parishioners left to form St. Casimir Church in 1891. The parish was founded in 1891 — about 44 years after the Diocese of Cleveland was erected by Pope Pius IX. In December, 1891, Boff appointed Father Benedict Rosinski, pastor of St. Adalbert's, Berea, Ohio, to take charge of the mission. On", "id": "12488231" }, { "contents": "St James' Church, Forest Gate\n\n\nSt James' Church, Forest Gate was a church in Forest Gate, east London. Its origins lay in an iron building constructed around 1870 to serve a conventional district. A parish was formed for it in 1881 from those of Emmanuel Church, All Saints and St John's and its permanent church completed the following year, with an organ moved from St Matthew's Church, Friday Street. The church was demolished in 1964 and for two years its congregation worshiped in the Durning Hall Community Centre's chapel until the parish was", "id": "17208906" }, { "contents": "North Presbyterian Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nNorth Presbyterian Church is a historic Presbyterian church on the east side of Cleveland, Ohio, United States. Constructed in the 1880s, the church building has been named a historic site. Throughout its history, the congregation has been focused on Sunday school work. North Presbyterian Church developed out of a mission Sunday school established in east-side Cleveland in 1859. The local presbytery organized a congregation out of the Sunday school in 1867, and within a short while, the new congregation formed the first of two mission Sunday schools in", "id": "19215693" }, { "contents": "St. Vitus's Church, Cleveland\n\n\nVitus to work on the interior. It was finished for the centennial celebration of the parish later that year. St. Vitus remains a strong parish, but Fr. Božnar works with Bishop Lennon's programs to cluster parishes in order to increase strength for inner-city parishes. The church building of St. Vitus itself is constructed in the Lombard-Roman style with pale yellow Falston brick. It is 141 feet long and 100 feet wide with an attached parish house on its west side. Its two Romanesque bell towers reach 110 feet", "id": "916027" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Michael (St. Michael, Minnesota)\n\n\nof the church came from Saint John's Abbey in Collegeville. In 1866 a new church was built in the center of the town and served for about 25 years. In 1890 the parish built a Gothic Revival building, which was the largest church in Wright County at the time. The building features ornate statues and German woodcarvings. Although the parish had a mostly German ethnicity for many years, since 1985 the number of families in the parish doubled, and it no longer appears to be an ethnic parish. In 2004 the", "id": "1327870" }, { "contents": "St. Thomas Church (Underhill, Vermont)\n\n\nSt. Thomas Church is a Roman Catholic church in the Town of Underhill, Vermont in the United States, located in the unincorporated village of \"Underhill Center\". The church was built from 1891-92 after its predecessor had burned down on 19 December 1890. The cornerstone for the current St. Thomas Church building was laid on 12 August 1891 at an event that had an estimated 1,000 attendees. Although the construction period spanned from 1 May 1891 until December 1892, the first Mass was nevertheless held in the basement of the church", "id": "6739395" }, { "contents": "St. William Parish (Lawncrest)\n\n\n1950s and 60's, saw many changes come to the physical plant of the Parish that reflected the housing boom of the area, the economic upswing of the times and the growing parish population. Many of the original \"Motley Buildings\" were completely replaced. The Middle School (Junior High/Upper School) building was built and later an additional floor was added. When consideration was had for the completion of the Upper Church, it was found that the basement church was not structurally sufficient to support additional construction. In 1955", "id": "10364503" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Michael the Archangel, Katowice\n\n\nChurch of St. Michael Archangel () is one of the oldest buildings in Katowice. It's located in Kościuszko Park, where it was moved in 1938 from the village Syrynia, where it was originally constructed in 1510. It is under the invocation of St. Michael. It has end-fitted log framework construction and shingled roof. Free-standing belltower was completed before 1679; it has historic lych-gate and wooden fence around the churchyard. The church of St. Michael Archangel was first built in 1305 in Syrynia, near", "id": "21359049" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Catholic Church (St. Patrick, Ohio)\n\n\n's was closely connected to many other churches in western Ohio: wide areas of western Ohio that were primarily settled by Catholics feature large churches at sparsely-populated crossroads. While most of these churches are constructed in the Gothic Revival style of architecture, some of the newer churches of the region — including St. Patrick's — appear in a variety of styles; St. Patrick's was one of the few that lacked the high steeples of the Gothic Revival structures. The leading role of these churches in western Shelby County and the lands", "id": "15760890" }, { "contents": "St Michael's Roman Catholic Church, Linlithgow\n\n\nchildren the congregation capitalised on the spirit of cooperation and community and set out to build a school. Located on a site next to the church St. Joseph's school was opened on 1 July 1889 and served the children of the parish until 1964 when new premises were occupied at Preston Road. Although during this time Fr Easson had replaced Fr Murphy as parish priest there was no change of emphasis and all the parish energies were engaged in the effort to complete the church building programme. Plans to double the size of the church were", "id": "17679127" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Delaware, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Mary's Catholic Church is a historic Catholic parish church in the city of Delaware, Ohio, United States. Constructed in the 1880s, this grand building is home to a congregation established in the middle of the nineteenth century. Its grand style has long made it a community landmark, and it was named a historic landmark in 1980. Delaware's first Masses were celebrated by travelling priests in the homes of the city's few Catholics, most of whom were Irish or German immigrants. The members built the first St. Mary", "id": "2642749" }, { "contents": "Church of the Resurrection (Rye, New York)\n\n\nin 1881 at the intersection of Purchase Street and the Boston Post Road, where services were then offered. The parish was incorporated on January 29, 1886, and title to the property was transferred from the archdiocese to the parish itself. A new church building was completed in 1889 on Purchase Street, while the former building was used as the rectory. Thereafter, construction of a parochial school on the Boston Post Road began in 1906 and was completed two years later. With the number of parishioners growing, the church purchased land", "id": "19300829" }, { "contents": "Near North Side, Chicago\n\n\n, most of this area was an enclave to the first emigrants from Puerto Rico to Chicago, who referred to it as part of \"La Clark\" until commercialization decorated late 1960s shop signs with the name of Old Town. The neighborhood is home to St. Michael's Church, originally built to serve German immigrants, and one of only 7 to survive the great Chicago fire. St. Michael's, Holy Name Cathedral, Immaculate Conception, and St. Joseph's Catholic churches all catered to Latinos with a Mass in Spanish. Many", "id": "1540930" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Massillon, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Mary's Catholic Church is a historic Catholic church building in the city of Massillon, Ohio, United States. Constructed in 1876 for a congregation composed largely of European immigrants, it has been named a historic site. The origins of St. Mary parish lie among numerous Germans and Irish who settled in Massillon in its early years and built a small house of worship on Cherry Road in the 1840s. This building stood until 1875, when it was destroyed so that the present church might occupy its location; it was built in", "id": "19205828" }, { "contents": "St. Anne Church (Berlin, New Hampshire)\n\n\nSt. Anne Church is a historic church at 58 Church Street in Berlin, New Hampshire, United States. It is the church for Good Shepherd Parish within the Roman Catholic Diocese of Manchester. St. Anne Parish was founded in 1867, and was Berlin's first Roman Catholic congregation. It was merged with Guardian Angel Parish, St. Joseph Parish, and St. Kieran Parish in 2000 to form Good Shepherd Parish. Its building, constructed in 1900, is an important local example of Romanesque architecture, and was listed on the National Register", "id": "2452362" }, { "contents": "St. Peter Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n, put up by Luhr, was torn down and replaced by a large pastoral residence adjoining the rear of the church, at a cost of $12,000. In the same year a third story was added to St. Peter's school building, and arranged for a parish hall, containing a stage and other conveniences, at a cost of $10,000. In the synod of January 3, 1889, St. Peter's congregation was the first mentioned among the nine principal churches of the diocese which Gilmour named as rectorates, with an", "id": "13925965" }, { "contents": "Trinity Cathedral (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nfirst church building built within the village limits of Cleveland. In 1846, to meet the needs of a growing parish, plans for a larger, centralized building just east of Public Square commenced. The congregation moved into the larger stone structure in the Gothic style on Superior Avenue in 1855. In 1890, Trinity Church was offered to Bishop William A. Leonard for use as a cathedral for the Diocese of Ohio. The congregation would maintain the building and it would serve dual roles as the parish church and cathedral for the diocese.", "id": "19215933" }, { "contents": "St. Andrew's Cathedral (Jackson, Mississippi)\n\n\nat the time that was not located along the Mississippi River. Its church was burned by the Union Army during the American Civil War in 1863. The cornerstone for the second church was laid by the Rt. Rev. William Mercer Green in 1869. By the turn of the Twentieth Century the congregation had outgrown its church building and the present structure was completed in 1903. The Parish House was constructed between 1923 and 1924. The congregation continued to grow and the building along West Street was built in 1955. The bishop moved his", "id": "20556538" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Evansville, Indiana)\n\n\nservice in the first church building was held on April 15, 1883. While construction ensued, a congregant and frequent benefactor, Charles Viele, offered the use of Viele Hall (located on 2nd street between Main and Sycamore streets) to St. Paul's parish. The cornerstone for new St. Paul's was laid on September 3, 1883, and construction completed on March 2, 1886 with Bishop D.B. Knickerbacker consecrating the new building. Charles and Mary Viele continued to sponsor further construction on the church grounds - first with a rectory", "id": "20407572" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Church (Monroe, Michigan)\n\n\nSaint Michael the Archangel Church (St. Michael Church) is located on the west side of the city of Monroe, Michigan along the River Raisin. It is home to 1,200 families and it is one of most important religious institutes in Monroe County. It was founded in the year 1852. The present building was built from 1866-1867. It is in the Archdiocese of Detroit. Its current priest is Rev. Phillip Ching. When the parish was first established, the mayor of Monroe palatial residence was remodeled as a temporary church", "id": "12346355" }, { "contents": "St. Mary Congregational Church\n\n\nSt. Mary Congregational Church in Abbeville, Louisiana is the oldest incorporated, predominantly African-American church in Vermilion Parish. Its historic Gothic Revival style church at 213 S. Louisiana Avenue, constructed in 1905 to replace a previous building, was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1999. American Missionary Association records show the congregation dates to at least 1877. The structure is a three-bay, gable-fronted church with a prominent corner tower. The tower is three-stage and square. The church is currently non", "id": "17676536" }, { "contents": "St. Charles of the Valley Catholic Church and Rectory\n\n\nSt. Charles Borromeo Church is a Catholic parish in Hailey, Idaho, in the Diocese of Boise. Its historic parish church and rectory complex, located at Pine and S. 1st Streets, is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Fr. E.M. Nattini began ministering in the Wood River Valley in the 1880s. The population was growing rapidly, and he was soon able to raise funds for the construction of the first church of St. Charles, which began June 17, 1883. It was the first Catholic church ineast of", "id": "20581174" }, { "contents": "Sacred Heart Catholic Church (Dayton, Ohio)\n\n\nprompted some of the members to leave in July 1883 and establish Sacred Heart Church; under the leadership of St. Joseph's associate pastor Hugh McDevitt, the congregation rented a meeting hall while waiting for the construction of their building. Land for the present church was purchased for $19,000, and William Henry Elder laid the cornerstone in June 1888. Exterior work was completed in the following year, and by 1893 construction was close enough to completion that the congregation could begin worshipping in their building. The building was consecrated by Bishop Maes", "id": "22206155" }, { "contents": "St. Vincent de Paul Church (Pontiac, Michigan)\n\n\n. The church continued to grow, and in the 1880s, the Reverend Fridolin Baumgartner began raising funds for the construction of the present church. The congregation hired the Detroit architecture firm of Donaldson & Meier to design the church, and the cornerstone was laid on September 6, 1885. The church was dedicated two years later, on September 18, 1887. A 6600-pound bell was installed in the church in 1890. A rectory was constructed in 1895, a school building was added in 1897, and a parish hall in 1911", "id": "19268922" }, { "contents": "St. Boniface Roman Catholic Church\n\n\npopulation on the west side. In 1873, a two-story, red brick Italianate rectory building was built for the parish at a cost of $6,000. A stone church building was planned by the prominent local architect William M. Scott, and construction was completed in 1883 at a cost of $30,000. The parish was closed in 1989, and the building was demolished a few years later. St. Boniface Church was an eclectic example of Romanesque Revival and Ruskinian Gothic architecture. It was built in a cruciform shape from red", "id": "9736494" } ]

[ { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nchurch congregation reached its peak size in the 1950, when only 25% of the parishioners were of German descent. The first Spanish Mass was said in 1971 for the growing number of Hispanic parishioners. The congregation now is mostly Latin American. The church now offers Masses in both English and Spanish. An annual Good Friday Procession begins or ends at St. Michael's. St Michael's and La Sagrada Familia church alternate every year to begin or end at one of the two churches. There is a stop at St Patrick's", "id": "19125747" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nwhile the new building was under construction. The current church, which had its cornerstone laid in 1889, was completed five years ahead of schedule in 1892. The church building is considered a good example of High Victorian Gothic architecture with its two towers of unequal height, the taller of which rises , and three archways. An architecturally notable school adjacent to the church began construction in 1906 and was completed in 1907. For many years the church was one of the most costly and artistically notable churches in the Cleveland Diocese. The", "id": "19125746" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Michael the Archangel is a Roman Catholic church located at 3114 Scranton Road in the Clark-Fulton neighborhood on the west side of Cleveland, Ohio. The church is named in honor of St. Michael the Archangel and was completed in 1892. The congregation was founded in 1881 as a mission of Ohio City, Cleveland's St. Mary's on-the-Flats to serve a growing German immigrant population on Cleveland's west side. The original church and school building were constructed in 1883 but burned on June 29, 1891,", "id": "19125745" }, { "contents": "St. John's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n's. Trinity Cathedral is now the seat of the Episcopal Diocese of Ohio. St. John's was also the mother church to several of the west side parishes. In 1837, the Ohio City Directory described the church as follows, \"The Episcopal Church, which is not yet finished, is built of hammered stone, and has a lofty steeple. Its style of architecture is Gothic, resembling that of the ancient and venerable Cathedral. This building, when finished, will be one of the best of the kind in the", "id": "18742416" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cincinnati, Ohio)\n\n\n1847. The cornerstone was laid August 1, 1847 and the church dedicated June 4, 1848. Rev. Fr. Zoppoth was selected as the first pastor for the congregation. In 1868 St. Michael Church became the mother parish to St. Lawrence Church which was organized that same year. The Comboni Missionaries took charge of the parish in 1964. By this time many of the German-speaking families in the parish had begun to move to other parts of the city. In a mass celebrated by Daniel Edward Pilarczyk the church building was", "id": "11338583" }, { "contents": "St. Columba Cathedral (Youngstown, Ohio)\n\n\nThe first Mass celebrated in Youngstown occurred in 1826. St. Columba Parish was founded in 1847, the year that Pope Pius IX established the Diocese of Cleveland, of which Youngstown was a part. The first church was completed in 1850. As the parish grew, it required a larger church, which it completed in 1868. The first parish school building was opened three years later. The parish continued to grow and constructed yet another church which opened in 1897. Bishop Ignatius Horstmann consecrated the sanctuary in 1903. The parish added", "id": "13619245" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Stephen Church is a Roman Catholic church located in the Detroit-Shoreway neighborhood on the west side of Cleveland, Ohio. The gothic style building was designed by architects Cudell & Richardson. The current church was built in 1875 and was added into the National Register of Historic Places in 1977. St. Stephen Roman Catholic Church was founded in 1869 due to a need for a second German parish on the west side of Cleveland. The first German parish, St. Mary's, increased so much that Cleveland was in need of a", "id": "19215917" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cincinnati, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Michael the Archangel Church is a Roman Catholic church located at 2110 St. Michael Street, in Cincinnati, Ohio. The cornerstone of this church was laid in 1847 and the church dedicated a year later. The church closed April 5, 1998. As the tide of German immigrants continued to rise in Cincinnati, more churches were needed. Holy Trinity Church was the first German speaking parish. As the city grew in three directions; north, east and west; there were three parishes which descended from that parish Old St. Mary", "id": "11338581" }, { "contents": "St. John's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. John's Episcopal Church is located at 2600 Church Avenue in the Ohio City neighborhood of Cleveland, Ohio. St. John's is the oldest consecrated building in Cuyahoga county. This stone gothic revival church building was designed by Hezekiah Eldredge and built beginning in 1836 and was completed 1838. Eldridge was probably familiar with John Henry Hopkins' \"An Essay on Gothic Architecture\", the first book on Gothic ecclesiastical architecture to be published in the United States. St. John's is a good representative of a small group of American churches", "id": "18742414" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland Heights, Ohio)\n\n\nFairmount Blvd, it is a contributing property in the Fairmount Boulevard District, which is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. St. Paul's was first established in the city of Cleveland, Ohio on October 26, 1846. The congregation did not have its own building until 1851, as a frame building completed in 1849 burned completely. A small brick church in the Gothic Revival style was completed for the parish at Euclid and Sheriff (East 4th) Streets by 1858. St. Paul's congregation outgrew the church, however", "id": "18644038" }, { "contents": "Irvington, Baltimore\n\n\nPassion\", marking the beginning of St. Joseph's Monastery Parish. Construction of a new, larger church began in 1881 and was completed in 1883. Its cornerstone was placed by Cardinal James Gibbons. The original monastery, beside the church, burned down in 1883. A new monastery was completed in 1886. The monastery chapel is extant and contains an 1887 Niemann pipe organ. The congregation of St. Joseph's Monastery Parish outgrew their church building in the following century. In 1931, Archbishop Michael Joseph Curley placed the cornerstone for", "id": "5906170" }, { "contents": "St. Theodosius Russian Orthodox Cathedral\n\n\nSt. Theodosius Cathedral is an Orthodox church located on Starkweather Avenue in the Tremont neighborhood, on the near west side of Cleveland, Ohio. It is considered one of the best examples of Russian church architecture in the U.S. and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The parish is the first Orthodox parish in Cleveland and is currently under the jurisdiction of the Diocese of the Midwest of the Orthodox Church in America. St. Theodosius is perhaps best known for its appearance in the 1978 film, \"The Deer Hunter\" with", "id": "13141384" }, { "contents": "St. Casimir Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nBoth the church building and the school building are GNIS named features. The church building is listed as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. To provide properly for the large and steadily increasing number of Poles in the north-eastern part of Cleveland it was necessary to organize them into the third Polish congregation within the limits of the city. They lived too far away from St. Stanislaus Church, with which they had been affiliated, for them to conveniently either attend Mass or for their children to attend the parish school. They therefore petitioned Bishop", "id": "12488230" }, { "contents": "St. Henry's Catholic Church (Harriettsville, Ohio)\n\n\nChurch in Fulda in order to hear Mass. Virtually all of the members in the early decades were Germans or of German descent. A parish school was formed in the late 1870s, and in its first twenty years, the parish grew fourfold in membership. This growth caused the original church building to be too small: land for a new building was purchased in 1879, and construction finished in 1894. St. Henry's Church is a stone building in the Gothic Revival style; the most prominent component is a multi-story tower", "id": "19205430" }, { "contents": "St. Michael's Church, Old Town, Chicago\n\n\nSt. Michael's Church in the Old Town neighborhood of Chicago is a Roman Catholic church staffed by the Redemptorist order of priests. The parish was founded to minister to German Catholic immigrants in 1852 with its first wooden church completed that year at a cost of $750 (including the bell). The building stands at the intersection of Eugenie Street and Cleveland Avenue. The church was built as a haven for German immigrants who were outcasts in Old Chicago. In addition, the town's main church, St. Joseph's Church,", "id": "10838314" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cincinnati, Ohio)\n\n\n's Church, St. Philomena's Church and St. Joseph's Church. The three parishes were founded in 1840, 1846 and 1846 respectively. As more immigration followed, St. Michael's was founded, the first filial parish of St. Joseph. The parish was located to what was then called Storrs Township. Forty-five persons organized themselves into a congregation in the early part of 1847 and drew up a constitution for the church A lot was donated by Innocent Troenle and two additional adjacent pieces of property were bought in April and May", "id": "11338582" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Michael and St. Anthony\n\n\ntoday to mostly Poles and Italians. The church has also been noted for its Byzantine Revival architecture, complete with a dome and minaret-styled tower, making it \"one of the more unique examples of church architecture in Montréal.\" Construction on the Church of St. Michael the Archangel began in 1914, for what would grow to become the largest anglophone parish in Montreal. After a brief delay following the commencement of World War I, the church was completed in 1915 at a cost of $232,000, with a capacity of", "id": "10850773" }, { "contents": "Zion Lutheran Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nother Cleveland-area Lutheran congregations, including Trinity Lutheran Church, are Zion's daughters. The original church building was located downtown, but the east-side German community was strong enough by 1902 that the congregation deemed Prospect Avenue a better location for serving the community. From its earliest years, the congregation had sponsored a school; Zion Lutheran School was founded in 1848, at which time all scholars were instructed in German. The school moved to Prospect Avenue ahead of the church; the present building was completed in 1903,", "id": "19215937" }, { "contents": "St. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\non their behalf with papal authorities, and Charles Boehm of Hungary settled in Cleveland in late 1892 to serve the new St. Elizabeth parish, the first Hungarian nationality parish in America. Boehm immediately began registering members and advocating for the construction of a church complex; the first church building, a brick structure, was erected by the end of 1893, a school soon followed, and a larger school was completed in 1900 because of expanded enrollment. He also began a Hungarian-language parish newspaper that soon gained subscribers in other parts", "id": "19215854" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church, Madison\n\n\ndying Catholics (he was a doctor as well). Costigan is believed to have been the Catholic architect of the church. Costigan was only recorded as being a member of the parish during the construction, but details of the church building mirror his other buildings in Madison. In December 1839 St. Michael the Archangel Catholic Church was completed. As the City of Madison grew, so did its Catholic population. German–Catholics had increased highly in numbers and had formed a separate congregation within St. Michael's. In 1850, the", "id": "2385658" }, { "contents": "Pilgrim Congregational Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nonly a short time, as construction on the present building was started just 23 years after the first building was finished. The name \"Pilgrim Congregational Church\" was adopted in 1894 upon the completion of the present building; they had been styled \"Heights Congregational Church\" into the 1870s and used the name \"Jennings Avenue Congregational Church\" in the 1880s. The building was a community landmark from its earliest years — electric wiring was included in the original construction at a time when no other Cleveland buildings west of the Cuyahoga River", "id": "19215839" }, { "contents": "St. Monica Church (Manhattan)\n\n\nin 1880 he began conducting Mass over a feed store at 404 East 78th Street. The following year, he purchased land for the construction of the church and school. Construction of the first church building was completed in 1883. In 1892, the address was listed as 409 E 79th Street. The Rev. John J. Boyle served as acting rector at St. Monica's before becoming the founding pastor of St. Luke's Church (Bronx, New York). The current Gothic Revival church building was erected in 1906 to the designs of", "id": "18565781" }, { "contents": "Annunciation Church (historic) (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nAnnunciation Church (historic) (), was a Catholic parish church in Cleveland, Ohio and part of the Diocese of Cleveland. It was located at the intersection of Hurd St. and Moore St., now part of the West Side Market parking lot, in the Ohio City neighborhood. The location where the church once stood can be found, in an 1881 atlas, at the south-west corner of Hurd St. and Moore St., on the west bank of the Cuyahoga river above part of the Flats historically known as Ox", "id": "14549709" }, { "contents": "Sacred Heart of Jesus Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n. Between 1885 and 1889 a large number of Poles settled in South Cleveland, in the area of East 71st St. and Harvard Ave. They lived too far away from St. Stanislaus church for them to conveniently either attend Mass or for their children to attend the parish school. They petitioned Bishop Richard Gilmour for permission to form a new parish and build a church for their own use. The petition to form a new parish and build a church was granted, and the parish was founded in  — about 42 years after the Diocese", "id": "12287909" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland Heights, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Paul's Episcopal Church is a parish of the Episcopal Church in Cleveland Heights, Ohio. The current rector is the Rev. Jeanne Leinbach, installed on October 23, 2015. She is the first female rector of St. Paul's. Her predecessor was the Rev. Alan M. Gates, who served from 2004-2014, before his election as Bishop of Massachusetts. St. Paul's is a leading church and has the largest congregation in the Episcopal Diocese of Ohio. The church building is a Cleveland Heights landmark. Located at 2747", "id": "18644037" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nRev. Richard Gilmour. Volunteer German and Hungarian woodworkers completed the interior of the church. Over the next 40 years, the parish added a rectory, convent for the Sisters of Notre Dame and two school buildings including one for and an all girls two-year high school which opened in 1905. After World War II, St. Stephen's parish experienced unprecedented growth due to the population growth in Cleveland and throughout the country. On June 8, 1953 a tornado severely damaged the church structure. Work to restore the building began immediately", "id": "19215920" }, { "contents": "Cathedral of St. John the Evangelist (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nstyle and the Bishop laid the cornerstone October 22, 1848. Until the new building was completed in 1852, St. Mary's served as cathedral for the diocese. At the time of its completion, the new cathedral was the well beyond Cleveland's Public Square. Alterations and additions began on the church almost as soon as the initial construction was complete. In 1857, a boys' school was added and within ten years, it was joined by a parish hall and girls' school. In 1879, the parish raised sufficient", "id": "10656550" }, { "contents": "St. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nthe present building. Although the cornerstone was laid in 1918, the construction process was lengthy, and it was finally completed only in 1922. Built primarily of limestone, according to a design of Cleveland architect Emile Uhlrich, the church is an example of Italian-influenced Baroque Revival architecture, partly modelled after the church of Sant'Agnese in Agone in Rome. Two great towers, topped with cupolas, form the ends of the facade, while a great rose window sits in the middle section of the facade high above the main entrance", "id": "19215857" }, { "contents": "St. Nicholas' Catholic Church (Osgood, Ohio)\n\n\nnearby villages; St. Augustine's Church in Minster and St. Michael's Church in Fort Loramie were established by 1850, but the foundations of a parish in Osgood were not laid until 1904, and formal establishment of the parish came in 1906. In its earliest years, the Mass was celebrated in common buildings; after worshipping for a time in a school, the parishioners purchased a barn for ecclesiastical purposes. For many years, the improvement of the parish's facilities was hindered by its size; the fewness of its members meant", "id": "421917" }, { "contents": "Union–Miles Park\n\n\na congregation for African Americans, was founded 1914, and erected its first church building and school in 1916 at what is now Union Avenue and Martin Luther King Drive. The congregation that formed Archangel Michael Orthodox Church ( St. Michael's Orthodox Church) split from St. John the Baptist Orthodox Church in 1921. It began construction of its new church home at 10000 Union Avenue in April 1924, completing the structure in 1926. Although the long-standing Cataract House closed in 1917, the first Union–Miles Park movie theater,", "id": "20793486" }, { "contents": "St. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church is a historic Roman Catholic church in the Buckeye Road neighborhood on the east side of Cleveland, Ohio, United States. The earliest ethnic parish established for Hungarians in the United States, its present building was constructed in the early twentieth century, and it has been named a historic site. Cleveland's first Hungarian Catholics initially worshipped at St. Ladislaus' Church, an east-side Slovakian parish, but ethnic strife and increasing immigration prompted the Hungarian community to seek their own parish. Bishop Horstmann interceded", "id": "19215853" }, { "contents": "Sacred Heart of Jesus Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSacred Heart of Jesus (), was a Catholic parish church in Cleveland, Ohio and part of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland. It was located at the north-west corner of intersection of East 71st St. and Kazimier St., in a part of the South Broadway neighborhood previously known in Polish as \"\" and nicknamed \"Goosetown\". Both the church building and the school building are GNIS named features. The church, school, and rectory buildings are listed together as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. The church was closed", "id": "12287908" }, { "contents": "St. Mary Mother of the Redeemer Church (Norwalk, Ohio)\n\n\nSaint Mary Mother of the Redeemer Church is a parish in the Roman Catholic Diocese of Toledo. The current church is located at 38 W. League Street, Norwalk, Ohio. Construction on the building began on May 29, 1889, and was completed in 1894. The church was previously twinned with St. Alphonsus in Peru, Ohio, but was later twinned with St. Anthony in Milan, Ohio, after a mass restructuring of the diocese. The Century House was a name given to several buildings, now all demolished, within the", "id": "21671394" }, { "contents": "Pilgrim Congregational Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nPilgrim Congregational Church is a historic congregation of the United Church of Christ in Cleveland, Ohio, United States. Constructed in the 1890s for a congregation founded in the 1850s, it was named a historic site in the 1970s. Congregationalists began operating a Sunday school in Cleveland's Tremont neighborhood in 1854, and their efforts resulted in the creation of a church five years later. The members began construction of their first church building in 1865, although it was not completed until 1870. It was suitable for the congregation's needs for", "id": "19215838" }, { "contents": "Sidney Mason Stone\n\n\n; St. Patrick's Church, New Haven (1853) constructed of East Haven sandstone;First Congregational Church, Naugatuck, CT (1855) and Wooster Place Congregational Church, Wooster Square, New Haven (1855) (now the Church of St. Michael) the original design for which featured a Corinthian portico and tall steeple. In \"New Haven: A Guide to Architecture and Urban Design\", Brown remarks on St. Michael's, “The building has burned twice, the steeple blown down once...Only the side walls and tall", "id": "165241" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Dayton, Ohio)\n\n\ncentury, the parish had outgrown it, and construction began on a new building; Archbishop Moeller laid the cornerstone in July 1905 and consecrated it in November 1906. Growth continued, and St. Anthony's Church was established in 1913 by families coming out of St. Mary's. St. Mary's remains an active part of the Archdiocese of Cincinnati to the present day. Masses are celebrated both in English and in Spanish. The current St. Mary's Church is a Romanesque Revival structure built in a mix of brick and stone. Constructed", "id": "19205375" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Indianapolis, Indiana)\n\n\nuntil the Diocese of Indianapolis established Holy Rosary Catholic Church, an Italian national parish in Indianapolis in 1911. After the turn of the century, when the neighborhood become commercial, the parish purchased property at New Jersey and Vermont streets, where they built the present church, which was under construction from 1910 to 1912. St. Mary's adapted to its changing ethnic neighborhood over the years. In 1967, as the city's Spanish-speaking community began to grow, the parish began offering Sunday mass in Spanish. German-language", "id": "3660949" }, { "contents": "St. John's Catholic Church (Fryburg, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. John Catholic Church is a Roman Catholic church in the unincorporated community of Fryburg in Pusheta Township, Auglaize County, Ohio, United States. The parish was established in 1848, the same year in which the community was platted, and construction was completed in 1850. A Catholic school in connection with the church was established in 1877. Both buildings feature fine architecture: the church includes Gothic Revival elements such as ornate pilasters and lancet windows, while the former school is a good example of Federal architecture. St. John's is", "id": "11283325" }, { "contents": "St. Augustine Parish (Hartford, Connecticut)\n\n\nSt. Augustine Parish is a Roman Catholic parish located in Hartford, Connecticut. In addition to a church, the parish also administers a school, St. Augustine School. St. Augustine Parish was established in August 1902 with Fr. Michael Barry appointed as its first pastor. At that time, a church building had not yet been constructed so mass was offered at the Washington Street School until a basement chapel was completed in 1903. The current Romanesque-style church was completed in 1912 and dedicated by Bishop John J. Nilan of the then", "id": "21104070" }, { "contents": "Zion Lutheran Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nFirst Methodist, Trinity Cathedral, and St. Paul's Episcopal Church on Euclid Avenue. This condition persisted into the mid-1910s, at which point the neighborhood transitioned into a largely commercial area. Beginning after 1930, the neighborhood deteriorated as many buildings were demolished, often to create room for parking lots. In such an environment Zion Lutheran Church was constructed in 1902 and opened for public use in the following year. It is home to a congregation founded by German immigrants in 1843, the oldest extant Lutheran congregation in the city; many", "id": "19215936" }, { "contents": "Church of St Paul, Letchworth\n\n\nallow construction of the new church to begin, with the foundation stone being laid on 10 October 1923 by the Marchioness of Salisbury. Work on the first section of the building was completed including three and a half bays of the nave with arcades at the sides. This first section was consecrated by Michael Furse, the Bishop of St Albans on 3 May 1924. A tower was intended but was never built. By 1924 the church was becoming too small for its growing congregation and work on an extension began in early 1931,", "id": "1720772" }, { "contents": "Basilica of the Sacred Heart of Jesus, Syracuse\n\n\noriginal church was located across the street from the current structure. The first Mass in the new parish church was said on August 30, 1892, with the formal dedication taking place nearly a year later on June 11, 1893. The congregation outgrew the first church within a decade, and a decision was made to construct a new church. The foundations were built by parishioners in order to save money, and the cornerstone was laid in 1907. Work was completed in three years, and the church was completed and dedicated on", "id": "4119395" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n, side altars and pulpit are made entirely of oak wood and decorated with beautiful German woodcarvings. The church pews are also oak. A Mexican onyx and brass Communion rail was installed over the years and the floor of the sanctuary and aisles is made of black and white marble tiles. St. Stephen's is a fully active Roman Catholic Parish in the Diocese of Cleveland. This means that they have a full parish staff and church council. They have regular Sunday Masses as well as daily Masses. German Mass is offered every first", "id": "19215923" }, { "contents": "Roncesvalles, Toronto\n\n\nWomenpriests at the church. St. Casimir's Polish Roman Catholic Church at Garden Avenue, offers Polish masses on Sundays. Its origins begin in 1944 when the Oblate Mission decided to create the third Polish parish (and first in the west end) in Toronto. The lot on which the church stands today was purchased for $15,000 in 1948 and construction on the parish hall began the same year. The first mass was held in the church hall in 1949. The church was completed and officially began offering mass on May 23,", "id": "3040916" }, { "contents": "Rajavoor\n\n\nSt. Michael's Shrine which is located at the center part of Rajavoor. The annual feast starts on the first Friday of May with a flag hoisting followed by a ten-day Mass and adoration. The eighth, ninth and tenth days are marked with a car procession to St. Michael Archangel, carnival ended with High Mass in front of the Holy Cars. The Roman Catholics and parish are administered by the Kottar Diocese. Another notable church, Our Lady of Presentation (Kaanikkai Maathaa) Church is attached to the Rajavoor Parish as", "id": "4595849" }, { "contents": "Transfiguration Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nBaptist Church in the nearby suburb of Garfield Heights, Ohio, which had a large, new structure. In April 1943, Trinity Baptist Church sold its building to the Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland for $35,000 ($ in dollars). The Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland erected Transfiguration Parish on July 30, 1943. The parish was divided from nearby Immaculate Heart of Mary Church and Shrine Church of St. Stanislaus parishes. Reverend Joseph F. Zabawa was named the pastor of the new congregation, which took up residence in the Trinity", "id": "20542089" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Augustine (Larchmont, New York)\n\n\nThe Church of St. Augustine is a Roman Catholic church located in Larchmont, New York. The parish having been founded in 1892, the present Gothic Revival church building was constructed in 1928. With a growing number of Catholics living in Larchmont, New York—many of them domestic servants who attended Blessed Sacrament Church in New Rochelle or Most Holy Trinity Church in Mamaroneck—the Archbishop of New York, Michael Corrigan, created the parish of St. Augustine was created in 1892. The decision to establish a parish was motivated in part", "id": "19300736" }, { "contents": "St. Barbara Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Barbara Catholic Church () is a parish of the Roman Catholic Church in Cleveland, Ohio, within the Diocese of Cleveland. The parish church is located on Denison Ave. between West 16th St. and the southbound entrance to SR 176, in a part of the Brooklyn Centre neighborhood previously known in Polish as . The red brick parish church, designed by H.C. Gabele, is a local landmark. It is a GNIS named feature. The church, rectory and convent buildings are listed together as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. The", "id": "13695356" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\ntwo years the parishioners worshipped in a hotel before constructing a building at Fourth and Euclid downtown. A fire destroyed the structure before it was completed, but people throughout the city contributed funds to build a brick replacement in 1851. By the 1870s, the streets surrounding the church had become primarily commercial, so the vestry sold the building and rented halls while building the present church eastward on Euclid Avenue. Its placement amid the wealthy Millionaire's Row district soon caused it to become a symbol of the neighborhood. However, the membership", "id": "19215901" }, { "contents": "St Michael the Archangel Church, Chatham\n\n\nHeart Church in Luton. St Paulinus Church was built in 1788 as a Wesleyan Chapel. In 1892, it was bought by the local Catholic Church. Sacred Heart Church was built in 1949. On 26 June 1949, its foundation stone was laid by the parish priest of St Michael's Church. St Paulinus Church has one Sunday Mass at 9:00am. Sacred Heart Church also has one Sunday Mass, it is at 10:30am. St Michael's Church has four Sunday Masses: 6:30pm on Saturday and 9:30am, 11:00am and 6:00pm on", "id": "19228802" }, { "contents": "St Michael and All Angels Church, Kingaroy\n\n\n's construction. Architect Colin Deighton, who was assistant to John Hingeston Buckeridge, the Anglican Diocese of Brisbane Architect between 1887 and 1901, designed the church. Deighton designed a number of country churches and St Colomb's Anglican Church at Clayfield in Brisbane. The foundation stone of St Michael and All Angels Church was laid on 10 November 1910 by the Venerable Arthur Rivers, Archdeacon of Toowoomba. Construction of the building, which was to seat 250 worshippers, began in December 1910 and was completed in 1911. Its cost, including", "id": "3972006" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Catholic Church (Chicago)\n\n\nSt. Michael () is a church of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Chicago. The current church is located at E. 83rd Street and S. South Shore Drive in South Chicago, a neighborhood of Chicago, Illinois. It is a prime example of the so-called \"Polish Cathedral style\" of churches in both its opulence and grand scale. Along with Immaculate Conception, it is one of the two monumental Polish churches dominating over the South Chicago neighborhood. Founded in 1892 as a Polish parish in Chicago to relieve overcrowding at Immaculate", "id": "20616064" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nof St. Stephen's for 38 years. In 1873, Fr. Reichlin realized that a new church building was needed to accommodate the growing parish. The Cleveland-based architect firm called Cudell & Richardson was hired to build the structure that still stands today as St. Stephen's Roman Catholic Church. Due to economic depression in the mid-1870s, work on the new building was stopped. Parishioners mortgaged their own properties to raise funds for the new church. It was dedicated on November 20, 1881 by the second bishop of Cleveland,", "id": "19215919" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church, Madison\n\n\n1992, the parishes of St. Mary's and St. Michael's became one community of faith, with one priest, Father John Meyer, and two church buildings. Saturday night mass was held at St. Michael's for St. Michael's ‘parishioners,’ and on Sunday morning, mass was held at St. Mary's. In 1993, the area's two other Catholic Churches (St. Patrick's and St. Anthony's) were merged with St. Mary's-St. Michael's as well. St. Michael's had extensive roof damage", "id": "2385663" }, { "contents": "St. Michael's Church, Hildesheim\n\n\nin 1010 and dedicated the still unfinished building to Michael on the archangel's feast day, 29 September 1022, just a few weeks before his death. Construction, however, continued under his successor, Bishop Godehard (died 1038), who completed the work in 1031 and reconsecrated the church to Michael on September 29 of that year. The church has double choirs east and west, double tripartite transepts at either end of the nave, and six towers----two large ones over the crossings east and west, and four other tall and", "id": "721679" }, { "contents": "St. Augustine's Catholic Church (Napoleon, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Augustine's Catholic Church is a historic church in Napoleon, Ohio, United States. Located on the edge of the city's downtown, two blocks away from the Henry County Courthouse, the church is a prominent landmark in Napoleon. St. Augustine Parish was founded at some point between 1856 and 1858; its first priest was Michael Pietz. The parish was dedicated to St. Augustine in honor of Augustine Pilliod, who supervised the construction of its first building. This structure was replaced with the current church, which was built at", "id": "13450149" }, { "contents": "Saint Patrick's Church (Dubuque, Iowa)\n\n\nMcCabe was assigned as the first resident pastor. The cornerstone of the present brick church was laid in 1877, and the building dedicated on August 15, 1878. In 1928, the Rev. J.J. Hanley remodeled and enlarged the church. St. Patrick Church was originally built for service to the Irish settlers of Dubuque and while the parish has maintained a healthy respect for its Irish heritage over its many years of service, the parish now specializes in service to the Hispanic residents of Dubuque. The parish offers a Spanish Mass on Sundays,", "id": "20590874" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nsecond parish for German-speaking Catholics. In April 1869 the first bishop of Cleveland, Bishop Louis Amadeus Rappe, appointed Fr. Stephen Falk to have a two-story building built. The building would be used as a church on the upper level and a school on the lower level to accommodate the 200 families from St. Mary's that lived west of 44th Street. The newly ordained Fr. Casimir Reichlin became the first pastor and said the first Mass of the parish on May 1, 1870. He served as pastor", "id": "19215918" }, { "contents": "Immaculate Conception Catholic Church (Fulda, Ohio)\n\n\n. Construction began on a small church building under the ministry of the priest from Miltonsburg, and Archbishop Purcell of Cincinnati dedicated it in 1853. Ten years later, the parishioners constructed a parish school, and a rectory followed in 1866; its large size and pretentious architecture resulted in a high construction cost of $2,500. By this time, the original church building had become entirely inadequate for the needs of the congregation, and replacement plans were laid; the cornerstone was laid in May 1874, and Bishop Rosecrans of Columbus dedicated", "id": "19205436" }, { "contents": "St. Vitus's Church, Cleveland\n\n\nSt. Vitus is a parish of the Roman Catholic Church in Cleveland, Ohio, United States, in the Diocese of Cleveland. The parish church, located at 6019 Lausche Avenue in the St. Clair-Superior neighborhood, was completed in 1932. The first documented Slovenian to settle in the Cleveland area was Joseph Turk, who came about 1883, most likely from Carniola, and settled on Marble Avenue, near the steel mills. He helped organize the Catholic Slovenes in Cleveland, and requested that Bishop Richard Gilmour of Cleveland appoint a", "id": "916020" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Catholic Church (St. Patrick, Ohio)\n\n\nrectory in 1919 to house its pastor; before its construction, St. Patrick's was served by priests from St. Michael's Church in Fort Loramie to the southwest. In 1977, the church and rectory were recorded by the Ohio Historic Inventory for the purpose of historic preservation; both buildings were ranked in good condition without any significant risks. Two years later, they were listed together on the National Register of Historic Places, along with over thirty other buildings in the Land of the Cross-Tipped Churches. When these churches were", "id": "15760892" }, { "contents": "Cathedral of St Michael and St John\n\n\n. In that year work commenced on a permanent church building located on the corner of George and Keppel Streets. St Michael's Church was a Victorian Gothic style building constructed in brick. It was in use by 1841 but appears not to have been completed until 1846 when leadlight windows were installed. Bishop John Bede Polding (1794-1877), first Catholic Archbishop of Sydney, was interested in fostering the English Gothic style of architecture in his diocese. He arranged for plans for significant churches to be prepared by English architects including", "id": "17452035" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Cathedral, Thunder Bay\n\n\n. From there, St. Patrick's Church was one of many churches that was missioned to the First Nations in Northern Ontario, as well as St. Andrew's Church, which was handed over to the diocese in 1997. St. Patrick's was built in 1892, the same year as Thunder Bay was incorporated as a town. The foundation stone was laid on 10 October 1891, and the first Mass was celebrated on 21 August 1892. The Jesuit parish priests made plans for the construction of an elementary school later that decade.", "id": "14488629" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Catholic Church (Toledo, Ohio)\n\n\nfor use in a new building. Fr. Edward Hannin, pastor of St. Patrick's, set out to create \"the finest church in this part of the land,\" for his congregation and began to raise money for construction. When it was completed, St. Patrick's was considered one of the finest examples of Gothic Revival architecture in the United States. The exterior is constructed of Amherst blue sandstone and the interior contains ten red granite columns. The church was dedicated on April 13, 1901. The church underwent extensive", "id": "9145471" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Dayton, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Mary's Catholic Church is a historic Catholic church building in an eastern neighborhood of Dayton, Ohio, United States. Constructed at the beginning of the twentieth century, it remains home to an active parish. Its grand architecture has made it an aviator's landmark, and it has been named a historic site by the federal government. Emanuel Church, the first Catholic parish in Dayton, was formed in 1837. Many English-speaking families left to form a separate parish in 1846, but Emanuel continued growing to the point", "id": "19205373" }, { "contents": "Church of St. James the Less\n\n\nmission. Weekly celebration of Mass resumed on Sundays at 5:00 pm. The breakaway congregation now meets at the Holy Cross Catholic church and is known as the Church of Saint Michael the Archangel. During the controversy, the parish school closed circa 2006. As part of its mandate, Saint Mark's Church began a fundraising effort to open a new parish school to serve this local community. In 2009 and 2010, the St. Mark's congregation (together with St. Francis Episcopal Church in Potomac, Maryland) sponsored Vacation Bible School at", "id": "12322466" }, { "contents": "St. John's Evangelical Lutheran Church (Springfield, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. John's Evangelical Lutheran Church is a historic Lutheran church in downtown Springfield, Ohio, United States. Founded as a German-speaking parish in Springfield's early days, it grew rapidly during its first few decades, and its present large church building was constructed in the 1890s under the direction of one of Springfield's leading architects. The congregation remains in the landmark church building, which has been named a historic site. Springfield's first Lutheran congregation was organized in May 1841, and a separate group of German Lutherans began", "id": "18832000" }, { "contents": "St Michael and St John Church, Clitheroe\n\n\nGrade II listed building. In September 2008, the Jesuits handed the church over to the Diocese of Salford who continue to serve the parish. Two years later, the parish merged with St Mary Queen of Peace Church in Sabden to form the parish of Our Lady of the Valley. St Mary's was built in 1877 and it was made into a parish in 1909, so that the parishioners did not have to travel the sizeable distance to attend Mass in Clitheroe. The parish has two Sunday Masses at St Michael and St", "id": "5090732" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n. St. Paul's church building is one of just six Gothic Revival churches built in Cleveland during the 1870s that survived into the 1980s. At one time considered Cleveland's grandest and largest church, it is distinguished by the unusual architecture of the peak of the bell tower, and the open interior features extensive detailing, along with seating for one thousand worshippers. Covered with sandstone from Berea, the building was a work of Gordon W. Lloyd, a Detroit architect who also produced grand churches in Ohio cities of various sizes, ranging", "id": "19215903" }, { "contents": "St. Aloysius' Catholic Church (Carthagena, Ohio)\n\n\nerected in 1865. In their earliest years, the people worshipped in the chapel of the adjacent St. Charles Seminary. Throughout its history, the church has been significantly influenced by the seminary, which trained the priests of the Missionaries of the Precious Blood and provided pastors for the church. As its membership grew, the parish decided to construct a church building. Plans were laid and construction began in 1875; the cornerstone was laid in May 1877, and the church was consecrated on June 30, 1878; the parishioners had performed", "id": "20255448" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Church (Monroe, Michigan)\n\n\nto come. St. Michael Church is located along the River Raisin on West Front Street in the city of Monroe, MI. The 183 foot steeple isn't hard to miss. When you come into Monroe you can easily see St. Michael's A tradition at St. Michael Church is the parish prayer. It is said before the beginning of every mass. It reads: \"Lord, God, we glorify Your holy name and thank you for calling us, the people of Saint Michael the Archangel Parish, to be one in", "id": "12346363" }, { "contents": "St Michael and All Angels Church, Barton Turf\n\n\nSt Michael and All Angels is the Church of England parish church of Barton Turf in the county of Norfolk in England. See Inside here. It stands about a kilometre south-west of the village in the midst of a plantation of trees. Particularly notable for its surviving paintings, the church is listed with Grade I. The building was at first constructed in rather an undistinguished Perpendicular style, possessing a tower at the west end of the church. The church is best known for the twelve panels of its late-Gothic rood", "id": "15249529" }, { "contents": "St Michael and All Angels' Church, Haworth\n\n\nSt Michael and All Angels' Church is the Church of England parish church of Haworth, West Yorkshire. The current structure, the third church building on the site, was built between 1879 and 1881 although parts of the original medieval church building, notably the tower, survive from earlier periods. The church is best known for its historic association with the Brontë sisters whose father Revd. Patrick Brontë served as minister of the parish between 1820 and 1861. A chapel has existed on the site since 1488, though records held at", "id": "17201346" }, { "contents": "St. Peter Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Peter Church (), is a Catholic parish church in Cleveland, Ohio and part of the Diocese of Cleveland. Founded in , it is located at the intersection of Superior Ave. near East 17th St., in the Downtown neighborhood. The church is a longstanding city landmark; George Francis Houck, then the Chancellor, wrote in 1903 that, \"One of the landmarks of the city and Diocese of Cleveland is St. Peter's Church.\" It is listed as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. It is also a named", "id": "13925952" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Church (Monroe, Michigan)\n\n\n. It was used as a church on the first floor and on the second it was used for the school. Later it would only be used as St. Michael School. Then in 1866 the cornerstone for the present church was laid. The large 187 foot steeple wasn't added until 1883. In 1874 the 3-story rectory was built east of the church. In 1918 the parish built the present building of St. Michael School which is now a part of Monroe Catholic Elementary Schools. The movement to establish the parish started in 1845", "id": "12346356" }, { "contents": "St. Casimir Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nRichard Gilmour for permission to form a new parish and build a church for their own use. In December 1891, Monsignor Felix Boff, V.G., administrator of the diocese, granted the required permission. Those parishioners left to form St. Casimir Church in 1891. The parish was founded in 1891 — about 44 years after the Diocese of Cleveland was erected by Pope Pius IX. In December, 1891, Boff appointed Father Benedict Rosinski, pastor of St. Adalbert's, Berea, Ohio, to take charge of the mission. On", "id": "12488231" }, { "contents": "St James' Church, Forest Gate\n\n\nSt James' Church, Forest Gate was a church in Forest Gate, east London. Its origins lay in an iron building constructed around 1870 to serve a conventional district. A parish was formed for it in 1881 from those of Emmanuel Church, All Saints and St John's and its permanent church completed the following year, with an organ moved from St Matthew's Church, Friday Street. The church was demolished in 1964 and for two years its congregation worshiped in the Durning Hall Community Centre's chapel until the parish was", "id": "17208906" }, { "contents": "North Presbyterian Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nNorth Presbyterian Church is a historic Presbyterian church on the east side of Cleveland, Ohio, United States. Constructed in the 1880s, the church building has been named a historic site. Throughout its history, the congregation has been focused on Sunday school work. North Presbyterian Church developed out of a mission Sunday school established in east-side Cleveland in 1859. The local presbytery organized a congregation out of the Sunday school in 1867, and within a short while, the new congregation formed the first of two mission Sunday schools in", "id": "19215693" }, { "contents": "St. Vitus's Church, Cleveland\n\n\nVitus to work on the interior. It was finished for the centennial celebration of the parish later that year. St. Vitus remains a strong parish, but Fr. Božnar works with Bishop Lennon's programs to cluster parishes in order to increase strength for inner-city parishes. The church building of St. Vitus itself is constructed in the Lombard-Roman style with pale yellow Falston brick. It is 141 feet long and 100 feet wide with an attached parish house on its west side. Its two Romanesque bell towers reach 110 feet", "id": "916027" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Michael (St. Michael, Minnesota)\n\n\nof the church came from Saint John's Abbey in Collegeville. In 1866 a new church was built in the center of the town and served for about 25 years. In 1890 the parish built a Gothic Revival building, which was the largest church in Wright County at the time. The building features ornate statues and German woodcarvings. Although the parish had a mostly German ethnicity for many years, since 1985 the number of families in the parish doubled, and it no longer appears to be an ethnic parish. In 2004 the", "id": "1327870" }, { "contents": "St. Thomas Church (Underhill, Vermont)\n\n\nSt. Thomas Church is a Roman Catholic church in the Town of Underhill, Vermont in the United States, located in the unincorporated village of \"Underhill Center\". The church was built from 1891-92 after its predecessor had burned down on 19 December 1890. The cornerstone for the current St. Thomas Church building was laid on 12 August 1891 at an event that had an estimated 1,000 attendees. Although the construction period spanned from 1 May 1891 until December 1892, the first Mass was nevertheless held in the basement of the church", "id": "6739395" }, { "contents": "St. William Parish (Lawncrest)\n\n\n1950s and 60's, saw many changes come to the physical plant of the Parish that reflected the housing boom of the area, the economic upswing of the times and the growing parish population. Many of the original \"Motley Buildings\" were completely replaced. The Middle School (Junior High/Upper School) building was built and later an additional floor was added. When consideration was had for the completion of the Upper Church, it was found that the basement church was not structurally sufficient to support additional construction. In 1955", "id": "10364503" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Michael the Archangel, Katowice\n\n\nChurch of St. Michael Archangel () is one of the oldest buildings in Katowice. It's located in Kościuszko Park, where it was moved in 1938 from the village Syrynia, where it was originally constructed in 1510. It is under the invocation of St. Michael. It has end-fitted log framework construction and shingled roof. Free-standing belltower was completed before 1679; it has historic lych-gate and wooden fence around the churchyard. The church of St. Michael Archangel was first built in 1305 in Syrynia, near", "id": "21359049" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Catholic Church (St. Patrick, Ohio)\n\n\n's was closely connected to many other churches in western Ohio: wide areas of western Ohio that were primarily settled by Catholics feature large churches at sparsely-populated crossroads. While most of these churches are constructed in the Gothic Revival style of architecture, some of the newer churches of the region — including St. Patrick's — appear in a variety of styles; St. Patrick's was one of the few that lacked the high steeples of the Gothic Revival structures. The leading role of these churches in western Shelby County and the lands", "id": "15760890" }, { "contents": "St Michael's Roman Catholic Church, Linlithgow\n\n\nchildren the congregation capitalised on the spirit of cooperation and community and set out to build a school. Located on a site next to the church St. Joseph's school was opened on 1 July 1889 and served the children of the parish until 1964 when new premises were occupied at Preston Road. Although during this time Fr Easson had replaced Fr Murphy as parish priest there was no change of emphasis and all the parish energies were engaged in the effort to complete the church building programme. Plans to double the size of the church were", "id": "17679127" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Delaware, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Mary's Catholic Church is a historic Catholic parish church in the city of Delaware, Ohio, United States. Constructed in the 1880s, this grand building is home to a congregation established in the middle of the nineteenth century. Its grand style has long made it a community landmark, and it was named a historic landmark in 1980. Delaware's first Masses were celebrated by travelling priests in the homes of the city's few Catholics, most of whom were Irish or German immigrants. The members built the first St. Mary", "id": "2642749" }, { "contents": "Church of the Resurrection (Rye, New York)\n\n\nin 1881 at the intersection of Purchase Street and the Boston Post Road, where services were then offered. The parish was incorporated on January 29, 1886, and title to the property was transferred from the archdiocese to the parish itself. A new church building was completed in 1889 on Purchase Street, while the former building was used as the rectory. Thereafter, construction of a parochial school on the Boston Post Road began in 1906 and was completed two years later. With the number of parishioners growing, the church purchased land", "id": "19300829" }, { "contents": "Near North Side, Chicago\n\n\n, most of this area was an enclave to the first emigrants from Puerto Rico to Chicago, who referred to it as part of \"La Clark\" until commercialization decorated late 1960s shop signs with the name of Old Town. The neighborhood is home to St. Michael's Church, originally built to serve German immigrants, and one of only 7 to survive the great Chicago fire. St. Michael's, Holy Name Cathedral, Immaculate Conception, and St. Joseph's Catholic churches all catered to Latinos with a Mass in Spanish. Many", "id": "1540930" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Massillon, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Mary's Catholic Church is a historic Catholic church building in the city of Massillon, Ohio, United States. Constructed in 1876 for a congregation composed largely of European immigrants, it has been named a historic site. The origins of St. Mary parish lie among numerous Germans and Irish who settled in Massillon in its early years and built a small house of worship on Cherry Road in the 1840s. This building stood until 1875, when it was destroyed so that the present church might occupy its location; it was built in", "id": "19205828" }, { "contents": "St. Anne Church (Berlin, New Hampshire)\n\n\nSt. Anne Church is a historic church at 58 Church Street in Berlin, New Hampshire, United States. It is the church for Good Shepherd Parish within the Roman Catholic Diocese of Manchester. St. Anne Parish was founded in 1867, and was Berlin's first Roman Catholic congregation. It was merged with Guardian Angel Parish, St. Joseph Parish, and St. Kieran Parish in 2000 to form Good Shepherd Parish. Its building, constructed in 1900, is an important local example of Romanesque architecture, and was listed on the National Register", "id": "2452362" }, { "contents": "St. Peter Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n, put up by Luhr, was torn down and replaced by a large pastoral residence adjoining the rear of the church, at a cost of $12,000. In the same year a third story was added to St. Peter's school building, and arranged for a parish hall, containing a stage and other conveniences, at a cost of $10,000. In the synod of January 3, 1889, St. Peter's congregation was the first mentioned among the nine principal churches of the diocese which Gilmour named as rectorates, with an", "id": "13925965" }, { "contents": "Trinity Cathedral (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nfirst church building built within the village limits of Cleveland. In 1846, to meet the needs of a growing parish, plans for a larger, centralized building just east of Public Square commenced. The congregation moved into the larger stone structure in the Gothic style on Superior Avenue in 1855. In 1890, Trinity Church was offered to Bishop William A. Leonard for use as a cathedral for the Diocese of Ohio. The congregation would maintain the building and it would serve dual roles as the parish church and cathedral for the diocese.", "id": "19215933" }, { "contents": "St. Andrew's Cathedral (Jackson, Mississippi)\n\n\nat the time that was not located along the Mississippi River. Its church was burned by the Union Army during the American Civil War in 1863. The cornerstone for the second church was laid by the Rt. Rev. William Mercer Green in 1869. By the turn of the Twentieth Century the congregation had outgrown its church building and the present structure was completed in 1903. The Parish House was constructed between 1923 and 1924. The congregation continued to grow and the building along West Street was built in 1955. The bishop moved his", "id": "20556538" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Evansville, Indiana)\n\n\nservice in the first church building was held on April 15, 1883. While construction ensued, a congregant and frequent benefactor, Charles Viele, offered the use of Viele Hall (located on 2nd street between Main and Sycamore streets) to St. Paul's parish. The cornerstone for new St. Paul's was laid on September 3, 1883, and construction completed on March 2, 1886 with Bishop D.B. Knickerbacker consecrating the new building. Charles and Mary Viele continued to sponsor further construction on the church grounds - first with a rectory", "id": "20407572" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Church (Monroe, Michigan)\n\n\nSaint Michael the Archangel Church (St. Michael Church) is located on the west side of the city of Monroe, Michigan along the River Raisin. It is home to 1,200 families and it is one of most important religious institutes in Monroe County. It was founded in the year 1852. The present building was built from 1866-1867. It is in the Archdiocese of Detroit. Its current priest is Rev. Phillip Ching. When the parish was first established, the mayor of Monroe palatial residence was remodeled as a temporary church", "id": "12346355" }, { "contents": "St. Mary Congregational Church\n\n\nSt. Mary Congregational Church in Abbeville, Louisiana is the oldest incorporated, predominantly African-American church in Vermilion Parish. Its historic Gothic Revival style church at 213 S. Louisiana Avenue, constructed in 1905 to replace a previous building, was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1999. American Missionary Association records show the congregation dates to at least 1877. The structure is a three-bay, gable-fronted church with a prominent corner tower. The tower is three-stage and square. The church is currently non", "id": "17676536" }, { "contents": "St. Charles of the Valley Catholic Church and Rectory\n\n\nSt. Charles Borromeo Church is a Catholic parish in Hailey, Idaho, in the Diocese of Boise. Its historic parish church and rectory complex, located at Pine and S. 1st Streets, is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Fr. E.M. Nattini began ministering in the Wood River Valley in the 1880s. The population was growing rapidly, and he was soon able to raise funds for the construction of the first church of St. Charles, which began June 17, 1883. It was the first Catholic church ineast of", "id": "20581174" }, { "contents": "Sacred Heart Catholic Church (Dayton, Ohio)\n\n\nprompted some of the members to leave in July 1883 and establish Sacred Heart Church; under the leadership of St. Joseph's associate pastor Hugh McDevitt, the congregation rented a meeting hall while waiting for the construction of their building. Land for the present church was purchased for $19,000, and William Henry Elder laid the cornerstone in June 1888. Exterior work was completed in the following year, and by 1893 construction was close enough to completion that the congregation could begin worshipping in their building. The building was consecrated by Bishop Maes", "id": "22206155" }, { "contents": "St. Vincent de Paul Church (Pontiac, Michigan)\n\n\n. The church continued to grow, and in the 1880s, the Reverend Fridolin Baumgartner began raising funds for the construction of the present church. The congregation hired the Detroit architecture firm of Donaldson & Meier to design the church, and the cornerstone was laid on September 6, 1885. The church was dedicated two years later, on September 18, 1887. A 6600-pound bell was installed in the church in 1890. A rectory was constructed in 1895, a school building was added in 1897, and a parish hall in 1911", "id": "19268922" }, { "contents": "St. Boniface Roman Catholic Church\n\n\npopulation on the west side. In 1873, a two-story, red brick Italianate rectory building was built for the parish at a cost of $6,000. A stone church building was planned by the prominent local architect William M. Scott, and construction was completed in 1883 at a cost of $30,000. The parish was closed in 1989, and the building was demolished a few years later. St. Boniface Church was an eclectic example of Romanesque Revival and Ruskinian Gothic architecture. It was built in a cruciform shape from red", "id": "9736494" } ]

[ { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nchurch congregation reached its peak size in the 1950, when only 25% of the parishioners were of German descent. The first Spanish Mass was said in 1971 for the growing number of Hispanic parishioners. The congregation now is mostly Latin American. The church now offers Masses in both English and Spanish. An annual Good Friday Procession begins or ends at St. Michael's. St Michael's and La Sagrada Familia church alternate every year to begin or end at one of the two churches. There is a stop at St Patrick's", "id": "19125747" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nwhile the new building was under construction. The current church, which had its cornerstone laid in 1889, was completed five years ahead of schedule in 1892. The church building is considered a good example of High Victorian Gothic architecture with its two towers of unequal height, the taller of which rises , and three archways. An architecturally notable school adjacent to the church began construction in 1906 and was completed in 1907. For many years the church was one of the most costly and artistically notable churches in the Cleveland Diocese. The", "id": "19125746" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Michael the Archangel is a Roman Catholic church located at 3114 Scranton Road in the Clark-Fulton neighborhood on the west side of Cleveland, Ohio. The church is named in honor of St. Michael the Archangel and was completed in 1892. The congregation was founded in 1881 as a mission of Ohio City, Cleveland's St. Mary's on-the-Flats to serve a growing German immigrant population on Cleveland's west side. The original church and school building were constructed in 1883 but burned on June 29, 1891,", "id": "19125745" }, { "contents": "St. John's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n's. Trinity Cathedral is now the seat of the Episcopal Diocese of Ohio. St. John's was also the mother church to several of the west side parishes. In 1837, the Ohio City Directory described the church as follows, \"The Episcopal Church, which is not yet finished, is built of hammered stone, and has a lofty steeple. Its style of architecture is Gothic, resembling that of the ancient and venerable Cathedral. This building, when finished, will be one of the best of the kind in the", "id": "18742416" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cincinnati, Ohio)\n\n\n1847. The cornerstone was laid August 1, 1847 and the church dedicated June 4, 1848. Rev. Fr. Zoppoth was selected as the first pastor for the congregation. In 1868 St. Michael Church became the mother parish to St. Lawrence Church which was organized that same year. The Comboni Missionaries took charge of the parish in 1964. By this time many of the German-speaking families in the parish had begun to move to other parts of the city. In a mass celebrated by Daniel Edward Pilarczyk the church building was", "id": "11338583" }, { "contents": "St. Columba Cathedral (Youngstown, Ohio)\n\n\nThe first Mass celebrated in Youngstown occurred in 1826. St. Columba Parish was founded in 1847, the year that Pope Pius IX established the Diocese of Cleveland, of which Youngstown was a part. The first church was completed in 1850. As the parish grew, it required a larger church, which it completed in 1868. The first parish school building was opened three years later. The parish continued to grow and constructed yet another church which opened in 1897. Bishop Ignatius Horstmann consecrated the sanctuary in 1903. The parish added", "id": "13619245" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Stephen Church is a Roman Catholic church located in the Detroit-Shoreway neighborhood on the west side of Cleveland, Ohio. The gothic style building was designed by architects Cudell & Richardson. The current church was built in 1875 and was added into the National Register of Historic Places in 1977. St. Stephen Roman Catholic Church was founded in 1869 due to a need for a second German parish on the west side of Cleveland. The first German parish, St. Mary's, increased so much that Cleveland was in need of a", "id": "19215917" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cincinnati, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Michael the Archangel Church is a Roman Catholic church located at 2110 St. Michael Street, in Cincinnati, Ohio. The cornerstone of this church was laid in 1847 and the church dedicated a year later. The church closed April 5, 1998. As the tide of German immigrants continued to rise in Cincinnati, more churches were needed. Holy Trinity Church was the first German speaking parish. As the city grew in three directions; north, east and west; there were three parishes which descended from that parish Old St. Mary", "id": "11338581" }, { "contents": "St. John's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. John's Episcopal Church is located at 2600 Church Avenue in the Ohio City neighborhood of Cleveland, Ohio. St. John's is the oldest consecrated building in Cuyahoga county. This stone gothic revival church building was designed by Hezekiah Eldredge and built beginning in 1836 and was completed 1838. Eldridge was probably familiar with John Henry Hopkins' \"An Essay on Gothic Architecture\", the first book on Gothic ecclesiastical architecture to be published in the United States. St. John's is a good representative of a small group of American churches", "id": "18742414" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland Heights, Ohio)\n\n\nFairmount Blvd, it is a contributing property in the Fairmount Boulevard District, which is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. St. Paul's was first established in the city of Cleveland, Ohio on October 26, 1846. The congregation did not have its own building until 1851, as a frame building completed in 1849 burned completely. A small brick church in the Gothic Revival style was completed for the parish at Euclid and Sheriff (East 4th) Streets by 1858. St. Paul's congregation outgrew the church, however", "id": "18644038" }, { "contents": "Irvington, Baltimore\n\n\nPassion\", marking the beginning of St. Joseph's Monastery Parish. Construction of a new, larger church began in 1881 and was completed in 1883. Its cornerstone was placed by Cardinal James Gibbons. The original monastery, beside the church, burned down in 1883. A new monastery was completed in 1886. The monastery chapel is extant and contains an 1887 Niemann pipe organ. The congregation of St. Joseph's Monastery Parish outgrew their church building in the following century. In 1931, Archbishop Michael Joseph Curley placed the cornerstone for", "id": "5906170" }, { "contents": "St. Theodosius Russian Orthodox Cathedral\n\n\nSt. Theodosius Cathedral is an Orthodox church located on Starkweather Avenue in the Tremont neighborhood, on the near west side of Cleveland, Ohio. It is considered one of the best examples of Russian church architecture in the U.S. and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The parish is the first Orthodox parish in Cleveland and is currently under the jurisdiction of the Diocese of the Midwest of the Orthodox Church in America. St. Theodosius is perhaps best known for its appearance in the 1978 film, \"The Deer Hunter\" with", "id": "13141384" }, { "contents": "St. Casimir Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nBoth the church building and the school building are GNIS named features. The church building is listed as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. To provide properly for the large and steadily increasing number of Poles in the north-eastern part of Cleveland it was necessary to organize them into the third Polish congregation within the limits of the city. They lived too far away from St. Stanislaus Church, with which they had been affiliated, for them to conveniently either attend Mass or for their children to attend the parish school. They therefore petitioned Bishop", "id": "12488230" }, { "contents": "St. Henry's Catholic Church (Harriettsville, Ohio)\n\n\nChurch in Fulda in order to hear Mass. Virtually all of the members in the early decades were Germans or of German descent. A parish school was formed in the late 1870s, and in its first twenty years, the parish grew fourfold in membership. This growth caused the original church building to be too small: land for a new building was purchased in 1879, and construction finished in 1894. St. Henry's Church is a stone building in the Gothic Revival style; the most prominent component is a multi-story tower", "id": "19205430" }, { "contents": "St. Michael's Church, Old Town, Chicago\n\n\nSt. Michael's Church in the Old Town neighborhood of Chicago is a Roman Catholic church staffed by the Redemptorist order of priests. The parish was founded to minister to German Catholic immigrants in 1852 with its first wooden church completed that year at a cost of $750 (including the bell). The building stands at the intersection of Eugenie Street and Cleveland Avenue. The church was built as a haven for German immigrants who were outcasts in Old Chicago. In addition, the town's main church, St. Joseph's Church,", "id": "10838314" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cincinnati, Ohio)\n\n\n's Church, St. Philomena's Church and St. Joseph's Church. The three parishes were founded in 1840, 1846 and 1846 respectively. As more immigration followed, St. Michael's was founded, the first filial parish of St. Joseph. The parish was located to what was then called Storrs Township. Forty-five persons organized themselves into a congregation in the early part of 1847 and drew up a constitution for the church A lot was donated by Innocent Troenle and two additional adjacent pieces of property were bought in April and May", "id": "11338582" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Michael and St. Anthony\n\n\ntoday to mostly Poles and Italians. The church has also been noted for its Byzantine Revival architecture, complete with a dome and minaret-styled tower, making it \"one of the more unique examples of church architecture in Montréal.\" Construction on the Church of St. Michael the Archangel began in 1914, for what would grow to become the largest anglophone parish in Montreal. After a brief delay following the commencement of World War I, the church was completed in 1915 at a cost of $232,000, with a capacity of", "id": "10850773" }, { "contents": "Zion Lutheran Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nother Cleveland-area Lutheran congregations, including Trinity Lutheran Church, are Zion's daughters. The original church building was located downtown, but the east-side German community was strong enough by 1902 that the congregation deemed Prospect Avenue a better location for serving the community. From its earliest years, the congregation had sponsored a school; Zion Lutheran School was founded in 1848, at which time all scholars were instructed in German. The school moved to Prospect Avenue ahead of the church; the present building was completed in 1903,", "id": "19215937" }, { "contents": "St. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\non their behalf with papal authorities, and Charles Boehm of Hungary settled in Cleveland in late 1892 to serve the new St. Elizabeth parish, the first Hungarian nationality parish in America. Boehm immediately began registering members and advocating for the construction of a church complex; the first church building, a brick structure, was erected by the end of 1893, a school soon followed, and a larger school was completed in 1900 because of expanded enrollment. He also began a Hungarian-language parish newspaper that soon gained subscribers in other parts", "id": "19215854" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church, Madison\n\n\ndying Catholics (he was a doctor as well). Costigan is believed to have been the Catholic architect of the church. Costigan was only recorded as being a member of the parish during the construction, but details of the church building mirror his other buildings in Madison. In December 1839 St. Michael the Archangel Catholic Church was completed. As the City of Madison grew, so did its Catholic population. German–Catholics had increased highly in numbers and had formed a separate congregation within St. Michael's. In 1850, the", "id": "2385658" }, { "contents": "Pilgrim Congregational Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nonly a short time, as construction on the present building was started just 23 years after the first building was finished. The name \"Pilgrim Congregational Church\" was adopted in 1894 upon the completion of the present building; they had been styled \"Heights Congregational Church\" into the 1870s and used the name \"Jennings Avenue Congregational Church\" in the 1880s. The building was a community landmark from its earliest years — electric wiring was included in the original construction at a time when no other Cleveland buildings west of the Cuyahoga River", "id": "19215839" }, { "contents": "St. Monica Church (Manhattan)\n\n\nin 1880 he began conducting Mass over a feed store at 404 East 78th Street. The following year, he purchased land for the construction of the church and school. Construction of the first church building was completed in 1883. In 1892, the address was listed as 409 E 79th Street. The Rev. John J. Boyle served as acting rector at St. Monica's before becoming the founding pastor of St. Luke's Church (Bronx, New York). The current Gothic Revival church building was erected in 1906 to the designs of", "id": "18565781" }, { "contents": "Annunciation Church (historic) (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nAnnunciation Church (historic) (), was a Catholic parish church in Cleveland, Ohio and part of the Diocese of Cleveland. It was located at the intersection of Hurd St. and Moore St., now part of the West Side Market parking lot, in the Ohio City neighborhood. The location where the church once stood can be found, in an 1881 atlas, at the south-west corner of Hurd St. and Moore St., on the west bank of the Cuyahoga river above part of the Flats historically known as Ox", "id": "14549709" }, { "contents": "Sacred Heart of Jesus Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n. Between 1885 and 1889 a large number of Poles settled in South Cleveland, in the area of East 71st St. and Harvard Ave. They lived too far away from St. Stanislaus church for them to conveniently either attend Mass or for their children to attend the parish school. They petitioned Bishop Richard Gilmour for permission to form a new parish and build a church for their own use. The petition to form a new parish and build a church was granted, and the parish was founded in  — about 42 years after the Diocese", "id": "12287909" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland Heights, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Paul's Episcopal Church is a parish of the Episcopal Church in Cleveland Heights, Ohio. The current rector is the Rev. Jeanne Leinbach, installed on October 23, 2015. She is the first female rector of St. Paul's. Her predecessor was the Rev. Alan M. Gates, who served from 2004-2014, before his election as Bishop of Massachusetts. St. Paul's is a leading church and has the largest congregation in the Episcopal Diocese of Ohio. The church building is a Cleveland Heights landmark. Located at 2747", "id": "18644037" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nRev. Richard Gilmour. Volunteer German and Hungarian woodworkers completed the interior of the church. Over the next 40 years, the parish added a rectory, convent for the Sisters of Notre Dame and two school buildings including one for and an all girls two-year high school which opened in 1905. After World War II, St. Stephen's parish experienced unprecedented growth due to the population growth in Cleveland and throughout the country. On June 8, 1953 a tornado severely damaged the church structure. Work to restore the building began immediately", "id": "19215920" }, { "contents": "Cathedral of St. John the Evangelist (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nstyle and the Bishop laid the cornerstone October 22, 1848. Until the new building was completed in 1852, St. Mary's served as cathedral for the diocese. At the time of its completion, the new cathedral was the well beyond Cleveland's Public Square. Alterations and additions began on the church almost as soon as the initial construction was complete. In 1857, a boys' school was added and within ten years, it was joined by a parish hall and girls' school. In 1879, the parish raised sufficient", "id": "10656550" }, { "contents": "St. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nthe present building. Although the cornerstone was laid in 1918, the construction process was lengthy, and it was finally completed only in 1922. Built primarily of limestone, according to a design of Cleveland architect Emile Uhlrich, the church is an example of Italian-influenced Baroque Revival architecture, partly modelled after the church of Sant'Agnese in Agone in Rome. Two great towers, topped with cupolas, form the ends of the facade, while a great rose window sits in the middle section of the facade high above the main entrance", "id": "19215857" }, { "contents": "St. Nicholas' Catholic Church (Osgood, Ohio)\n\n\nnearby villages; St. Augustine's Church in Minster and St. Michael's Church in Fort Loramie were established by 1850, but the foundations of a parish in Osgood were not laid until 1904, and formal establishment of the parish came in 1906. In its earliest years, the Mass was celebrated in common buildings; after worshipping for a time in a school, the parishioners purchased a barn for ecclesiastical purposes. For many years, the improvement of the parish's facilities was hindered by its size; the fewness of its members meant", "id": "421917" }, { "contents": "Union–Miles Park\n\n\na congregation for African Americans, was founded 1914, and erected its first church building and school in 1916 at what is now Union Avenue and Martin Luther King Drive. The congregation that formed Archangel Michael Orthodox Church ( St. Michael's Orthodox Church) split from St. John the Baptist Orthodox Church in 1921. It began construction of its new church home at 10000 Union Avenue in April 1924, completing the structure in 1926. Although the long-standing Cataract House closed in 1917, the first Union–Miles Park movie theater,", "id": "20793486" }, { "contents": "St. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church is a historic Roman Catholic church in the Buckeye Road neighborhood on the east side of Cleveland, Ohio, United States. The earliest ethnic parish established for Hungarians in the United States, its present building was constructed in the early twentieth century, and it has been named a historic site. Cleveland's first Hungarian Catholics initially worshipped at St. Ladislaus' Church, an east-side Slovakian parish, but ethnic strife and increasing immigration prompted the Hungarian community to seek their own parish. Bishop Horstmann interceded", "id": "19215853" }, { "contents": "Sacred Heart of Jesus Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSacred Heart of Jesus (), was a Catholic parish church in Cleveland, Ohio and part of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland. It was located at the north-west corner of intersection of East 71st St. and Kazimier St., in a part of the South Broadway neighborhood previously known in Polish as \"\" and nicknamed \"Goosetown\". Both the church building and the school building are GNIS named features. The church, school, and rectory buildings are listed together as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. The church was closed", "id": "12287908" }, { "contents": "St. Mary Mother of the Redeemer Church (Norwalk, Ohio)\n\n\nSaint Mary Mother of the Redeemer Church is a parish in the Roman Catholic Diocese of Toledo. The current church is located at 38 W. League Street, Norwalk, Ohio. Construction on the building began on May 29, 1889, and was completed in 1894. The church was previously twinned with St. Alphonsus in Peru, Ohio, but was later twinned with St. Anthony in Milan, Ohio, after a mass restructuring of the diocese. The Century House was a name given to several buildings, now all demolished, within the", "id": "21671394" }, { "contents": "Pilgrim Congregational Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nPilgrim Congregational Church is a historic congregation of the United Church of Christ in Cleveland, Ohio, United States. Constructed in the 1890s for a congregation founded in the 1850s, it was named a historic site in the 1970s. Congregationalists began operating a Sunday school in Cleveland's Tremont neighborhood in 1854, and their efforts resulted in the creation of a church five years later. The members began construction of their first church building in 1865, although it was not completed until 1870. It was suitable for the congregation's needs for", "id": "19215838" }, { "contents": "Sidney Mason Stone\n\n\n; St. Patrick's Church, New Haven (1853) constructed of East Haven sandstone;First Congregational Church, Naugatuck, CT (1855) and Wooster Place Congregational Church, Wooster Square, New Haven (1855) (now the Church of St. Michael) the original design for which featured a Corinthian portico and tall steeple. In \"New Haven: A Guide to Architecture and Urban Design\", Brown remarks on St. Michael's, “The building has burned twice, the steeple blown down once...Only the side walls and tall", "id": "165241" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Dayton, Ohio)\n\n\ncentury, the parish had outgrown it, and construction began on a new building; Archbishop Moeller laid the cornerstone in July 1905 and consecrated it in November 1906. Growth continued, and St. Anthony's Church was established in 1913 by families coming out of St. Mary's. St. Mary's remains an active part of the Archdiocese of Cincinnati to the present day. Masses are celebrated both in English and in Spanish. The current St. Mary's Church is a Romanesque Revival structure built in a mix of brick and stone. Constructed", "id": "19205375" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Indianapolis, Indiana)\n\n\nuntil the Diocese of Indianapolis established Holy Rosary Catholic Church, an Italian national parish in Indianapolis in 1911. After the turn of the century, when the neighborhood become commercial, the parish purchased property at New Jersey and Vermont streets, where they built the present church, which was under construction from 1910 to 1912. St. Mary's adapted to its changing ethnic neighborhood over the years. In 1967, as the city's Spanish-speaking community began to grow, the parish began offering Sunday mass in Spanish. German-language", "id": "3660949" }, { "contents": "St. John's Catholic Church (Fryburg, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. John Catholic Church is a Roman Catholic church in the unincorporated community of Fryburg in Pusheta Township, Auglaize County, Ohio, United States. The parish was established in 1848, the same year in which the community was platted, and construction was completed in 1850. A Catholic school in connection with the church was established in 1877. Both buildings feature fine architecture: the church includes Gothic Revival elements such as ornate pilasters and lancet windows, while the former school is a good example of Federal architecture. St. John's is", "id": "11283325" }, { "contents": "St. Augustine Parish (Hartford, Connecticut)\n\n\nSt. Augustine Parish is a Roman Catholic parish located in Hartford, Connecticut. In addition to a church, the parish also administers a school, St. Augustine School. St. Augustine Parish was established in August 1902 with Fr. Michael Barry appointed as its first pastor. At that time, a church building had not yet been constructed so mass was offered at the Washington Street School until a basement chapel was completed in 1903. The current Romanesque-style church was completed in 1912 and dedicated by Bishop John J. Nilan of the then", "id": "21104070" }, { "contents": "Zion Lutheran Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nFirst Methodist, Trinity Cathedral, and St. Paul's Episcopal Church on Euclid Avenue. This condition persisted into the mid-1910s, at which point the neighborhood transitioned into a largely commercial area. Beginning after 1930, the neighborhood deteriorated as many buildings were demolished, often to create room for parking lots. In such an environment Zion Lutheran Church was constructed in 1902 and opened for public use in the following year. It is home to a congregation founded by German immigrants in 1843, the oldest extant Lutheran congregation in the city; many", "id": "19215936" }, { "contents": "Church of St Paul, Letchworth\n\n\nallow construction of the new church to begin, with the foundation stone being laid on 10 October 1923 by the Marchioness of Salisbury. Work on the first section of the building was completed including three and a half bays of the nave with arcades at the sides. This first section was consecrated by Michael Furse, the Bishop of St Albans on 3 May 1924. A tower was intended but was never built. By 1924 the church was becoming too small for its growing congregation and work on an extension began in early 1931,", "id": "1720772" }, { "contents": "Basilica of the Sacred Heart of Jesus, Syracuse\n\n\noriginal church was located across the street from the current structure. The first Mass in the new parish church was said on August 30, 1892, with the formal dedication taking place nearly a year later on June 11, 1893. The congregation outgrew the first church within a decade, and a decision was made to construct a new church. The foundations were built by parishioners in order to save money, and the cornerstone was laid in 1907. Work was completed in three years, and the church was completed and dedicated on", "id": "4119395" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n, side altars and pulpit are made entirely of oak wood and decorated with beautiful German woodcarvings. The church pews are also oak. A Mexican onyx and brass Communion rail was installed over the years and the floor of the sanctuary and aisles is made of black and white marble tiles. St. Stephen's is a fully active Roman Catholic Parish in the Diocese of Cleveland. This means that they have a full parish staff and church council. They have regular Sunday Masses as well as daily Masses. German Mass is offered every first", "id": "19215923" }, { "contents": "Roncesvalles, Toronto\n\n\nWomenpriests at the church. St. Casimir's Polish Roman Catholic Church at Garden Avenue, offers Polish masses on Sundays. Its origins begin in 1944 when the Oblate Mission decided to create the third Polish parish (and first in the west end) in Toronto. The lot on which the church stands today was purchased for $15,000 in 1948 and construction on the parish hall began the same year. The first mass was held in the church hall in 1949. The church was completed and officially began offering mass on May 23,", "id": "3040916" }, { "contents": "Rajavoor\n\n\nSt. Michael's Shrine which is located at the center part of Rajavoor. The annual feast starts on the first Friday of May with a flag hoisting followed by a ten-day Mass and adoration. The eighth, ninth and tenth days are marked with a car procession to St. Michael Archangel, carnival ended with High Mass in front of the Holy Cars. The Roman Catholics and parish are administered by the Kottar Diocese. Another notable church, Our Lady of Presentation (Kaanikkai Maathaa) Church is attached to the Rajavoor Parish as", "id": "4595849" }, { "contents": "Transfiguration Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nBaptist Church in the nearby suburb of Garfield Heights, Ohio, which had a large, new structure. In April 1943, Trinity Baptist Church sold its building to the Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland for $35,000 ($ in dollars). The Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland erected Transfiguration Parish on July 30, 1943. The parish was divided from nearby Immaculate Heart of Mary Church and Shrine Church of St. Stanislaus parishes. Reverend Joseph F. Zabawa was named the pastor of the new congregation, which took up residence in the Trinity", "id": "20542089" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Augustine (Larchmont, New York)\n\n\nThe Church of St. Augustine is a Roman Catholic church located in Larchmont, New York. The parish having been founded in 1892, the present Gothic Revival church building was constructed in 1928. With a growing number of Catholics living in Larchmont, New York—many of them domestic servants who attended Blessed Sacrament Church in New Rochelle or Most Holy Trinity Church in Mamaroneck—the Archbishop of New York, Michael Corrigan, created the parish of St. Augustine was created in 1892. The decision to establish a parish was motivated in part", "id": "19300736" }, { "contents": "St. Barbara Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Barbara Catholic Church () is a parish of the Roman Catholic Church in Cleveland, Ohio, within the Diocese of Cleveland. The parish church is located on Denison Ave. between West 16th St. and the southbound entrance to SR 176, in a part of the Brooklyn Centre neighborhood previously known in Polish as . The red brick parish church, designed by H.C. Gabele, is a local landmark. It is a GNIS named feature. The church, rectory and convent buildings are listed together as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. The", "id": "13695356" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\ntwo years the parishioners worshipped in a hotel before constructing a building at Fourth and Euclid downtown. A fire destroyed the structure before it was completed, but people throughout the city contributed funds to build a brick replacement in 1851. By the 1870s, the streets surrounding the church had become primarily commercial, so the vestry sold the building and rented halls while building the present church eastward on Euclid Avenue. Its placement amid the wealthy Millionaire's Row district soon caused it to become a symbol of the neighborhood. However, the membership", "id": "19215901" }, { "contents": "St Michael the Archangel Church, Chatham\n\n\nHeart Church in Luton. St Paulinus Church was built in 1788 as a Wesleyan Chapel. In 1892, it was bought by the local Catholic Church. Sacred Heart Church was built in 1949. On 26 June 1949, its foundation stone was laid by the parish priest of St Michael's Church. St Paulinus Church has one Sunday Mass at 9:00am. Sacred Heart Church also has one Sunday Mass, it is at 10:30am. St Michael's Church has four Sunday Masses: 6:30pm on Saturday and 9:30am, 11:00am and 6:00pm on", "id": "19228802" }, { "contents": "St Michael and All Angels Church, Kingaroy\n\n\n's construction. Architect Colin Deighton, who was assistant to John Hingeston Buckeridge, the Anglican Diocese of Brisbane Architect between 1887 and 1901, designed the church. Deighton designed a number of country churches and St Colomb's Anglican Church at Clayfield in Brisbane. The foundation stone of St Michael and All Angels Church was laid on 10 November 1910 by the Venerable Arthur Rivers, Archdeacon of Toowoomba. Construction of the building, which was to seat 250 worshippers, began in December 1910 and was completed in 1911. Its cost, including", "id": "3972006" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Catholic Church (Chicago)\n\n\nSt. Michael () is a church of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Chicago. The current church is located at E. 83rd Street and S. South Shore Drive in South Chicago, a neighborhood of Chicago, Illinois. It is a prime example of the so-called \"Polish Cathedral style\" of churches in both its opulence and grand scale. Along with Immaculate Conception, it is one of the two monumental Polish churches dominating over the South Chicago neighborhood. Founded in 1892 as a Polish parish in Chicago to relieve overcrowding at Immaculate", "id": "20616064" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nof St. Stephen's for 38 years. In 1873, Fr. Reichlin realized that a new church building was needed to accommodate the growing parish. The Cleveland-based architect firm called Cudell & Richardson was hired to build the structure that still stands today as St. Stephen's Roman Catholic Church. Due to economic depression in the mid-1870s, work on the new building was stopped. Parishioners mortgaged their own properties to raise funds for the new church. It was dedicated on November 20, 1881 by the second bishop of Cleveland,", "id": "19215919" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church, Madison\n\n\n1992, the parishes of St. Mary's and St. Michael's became one community of faith, with one priest, Father John Meyer, and two church buildings. Saturday night mass was held at St. Michael's for St. Michael's ‘parishioners,’ and on Sunday morning, mass was held at St. Mary's. In 1993, the area's two other Catholic Churches (St. Patrick's and St. Anthony's) were merged with St. Mary's-St. Michael's as well. St. Michael's had extensive roof damage", "id": "2385663" }, { "contents": "St. Michael's Church, Hildesheim\n\n\nin 1010 and dedicated the still unfinished building to Michael on the archangel's feast day, 29 September 1022, just a few weeks before his death. Construction, however, continued under his successor, Bishop Godehard (died 1038), who completed the work in 1031 and reconsecrated the church to Michael on September 29 of that year. The church has double choirs east and west, double tripartite transepts at either end of the nave, and six towers----two large ones over the crossings east and west, and four other tall and", "id": "721679" }, { "contents": "St. Augustine's Catholic Church (Napoleon, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Augustine's Catholic Church is a historic church in Napoleon, Ohio, United States. Located on the edge of the city's downtown, two blocks away from the Henry County Courthouse, the church is a prominent landmark in Napoleon. St. Augustine Parish was founded at some point between 1856 and 1858; its first priest was Michael Pietz. The parish was dedicated to St. Augustine in honor of Augustine Pilliod, who supervised the construction of its first building. This structure was replaced with the current church, which was built at", "id": "13450149" }, { "contents": "Saint Patrick's Church (Dubuque, Iowa)\n\n\nMcCabe was assigned as the first resident pastor. The cornerstone of the present brick church was laid in 1877, and the building dedicated on August 15, 1878. In 1928, the Rev. J.J. Hanley remodeled and enlarged the church. St. Patrick Church was originally built for service to the Irish settlers of Dubuque and while the parish has maintained a healthy respect for its Irish heritage over its many years of service, the parish now specializes in service to the Hispanic residents of Dubuque. The parish offers a Spanish Mass on Sundays,", "id": "20590874" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nsecond parish for German-speaking Catholics. In April 1869 the first bishop of Cleveland, Bishop Louis Amadeus Rappe, appointed Fr. Stephen Falk to have a two-story building built. The building would be used as a church on the upper level and a school on the lower level to accommodate the 200 families from St. Mary's that lived west of 44th Street. The newly ordained Fr. Casimir Reichlin became the first pastor and said the first Mass of the parish on May 1, 1870. He served as pastor", "id": "19215918" }, { "contents": "Immaculate Conception Catholic Church (Fulda, Ohio)\n\n\n. Construction began on a small church building under the ministry of the priest from Miltonsburg, and Archbishop Purcell of Cincinnati dedicated it in 1853. Ten years later, the parishioners constructed a parish school, and a rectory followed in 1866; its large size and pretentious architecture resulted in a high construction cost of $2,500. By this time, the original church building had become entirely inadequate for the needs of the congregation, and replacement plans were laid; the cornerstone was laid in May 1874, and Bishop Rosecrans of Columbus dedicated", "id": "19205436" }, { "contents": "St. Vitus's Church, Cleveland\n\n\nSt. Vitus is a parish of the Roman Catholic Church in Cleveland, Ohio, United States, in the Diocese of Cleveland. The parish church, located at 6019 Lausche Avenue in the St. Clair-Superior neighborhood, was completed in 1932. The first documented Slovenian to settle in the Cleveland area was Joseph Turk, who came about 1883, most likely from Carniola, and settled on Marble Avenue, near the steel mills. He helped organize the Catholic Slovenes in Cleveland, and requested that Bishop Richard Gilmour of Cleveland appoint a", "id": "916020" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Catholic Church (St. Patrick, Ohio)\n\n\nrectory in 1919 to house its pastor; before its construction, St. Patrick's was served by priests from St. Michael's Church in Fort Loramie to the southwest. In 1977, the church and rectory were recorded by the Ohio Historic Inventory for the purpose of historic preservation; both buildings were ranked in good condition without any significant risks. Two years later, they were listed together on the National Register of Historic Places, along with over thirty other buildings in the Land of the Cross-Tipped Churches. When these churches were", "id": "15760892" }, { "contents": "Cathedral of St Michael and St John\n\n\n. In that year work commenced on a permanent church building located on the corner of George and Keppel Streets. St Michael's Church was a Victorian Gothic style building constructed in brick. It was in use by 1841 but appears not to have been completed until 1846 when leadlight windows were installed. Bishop John Bede Polding (1794-1877), first Catholic Archbishop of Sydney, was interested in fostering the English Gothic style of architecture in his diocese. He arranged for plans for significant churches to be prepared by English architects including", "id": "17452035" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Cathedral, Thunder Bay\n\n\n. From there, St. Patrick's Church was one of many churches that was missioned to the First Nations in Northern Ontario, as well as St. Andrew's Church, which was handed over to the diocese in 1997. St. Patrick's was built in 1892, the same year as Thunder Bay was incorporated as a town. The foundation stone was laid on 10 October 1891, and the first Mass was celebrated on 21 August 1892. The Jesuit parish priests made plans for the construction of an elementary school later that decade.", "id": "14488629" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Catholic Church (Toledo, Ohio)\n\n\nfor use in a new building. Fr. Edward Hannin, pastor of St. Patrick's, set out to create \"the finest church in this part of the land,\" for his congregation and began to raise money for construction. When it was completed, St. Patrick's was considered one of the finest examples of Gothic Revival architecture in the United States. The exterior is constructed of Amherst blue sandstone and the interior contains ten red granite columns. The church was dedicated on April 13, 1901. The church underwent extensive", "id": "9145471" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Dayton, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Mary's Catholic Church is a historic Catholic church building in an eastern neighborhood of Dayton, Ohio, United States. Constructed at the beginning of the twentieth century, it remains home to an active parish. Its grand architecture has made it an aviator's landmark, and it has been named a historic site by the federal government. Emanuel Church, the first Catholic parish in Dayton, was formed in 1837. Many English-speaking families left to form a separate parish in 1846, but Emanuel continued growing to the point", "id": "19205373" }, { "contents": "Church of St. James the Less\n\n\nmission. Weekly celebration of Mass resumed on Sundays at 5:00 pm. The breakaway congregation now meets at the Holy Cross Catholic church and is known as the Church of Saint Michael the Archangel. During the controversy, the parish school closed circa 2006. As part of its mandate, Saint Mark's Church began a fundraising effort to open a new parish school to serve this local community. In 2009 and 2010, the St. Mark's congregation (together with St. Francis Episcopal Church in Potomac, Maryland) sponsored Vacation Bible School at", "id": "12322466" }, { "contents": "St. John's Evangelical Lutheran Church (Springfield, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. John's Evangelical Lutheran Church is a historic Lutheran church in downtown Springfield, Ohio, United States. Founded as a German-speaking parish in Springfield's early days, it grew rapidly during its first few decades, and its present large church building was constructed in the 1890s under the direction of one of Springfield's leading architects. The congregation remains in the landmark church building, which has been named a historic site. Springfield's first Lutheran congregation was organized in May 1841, and a separate group of German Lutherans began", "id": "18832000" }, { "contents": "St Michael and St John Church, Clitheroe\n\n\nGrade II listed building. In September 2008, the Jesuits handed the church over to the Diocese of Salford who continue to serve the parish. Two years later, the parish merged with St Mary Queen of Peace Church in Sabden to form the parish of Our Lady of the Valley. St Mary's was built in 1877 and it was made into a parish in 1909, so that the parishioners did not have to travel the sizeable distance to attend Mass in Clitheroe. The parish has two Sunday Masses at St Michael and St", "id": "5090732" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n. St. Paul's church building is one of just six Gothic Revival churches built in Cleveland during the 1870s that survived into the 1980s. At one time considered Cleveland's grandest and largest church, it is distinguished by the unusual architecture of the peak of the bell tower, and the open interior features extensive detailing, along with seating for one thousand worshippers. Covered with sandstone from Berea, the building was a work of Gordon W. Lloyd, a Detroit architect who also produced grand churches in Ohio cities of various sizes, ranging", "id": "19215903" }, { "contents": "St. Aloysius' Catholic Church (Carthagena, Ohio)\n\n\nerected in 1865. In their earliest years, the people worshipped in the chapel of the adjacent St. Charles Seminary. Throughout its history, the church has been significantly influenced by the seminary, which trained the priests of the Missionaries of the Precious Blood and provided pastors for the church. As its membership grew, the parish decided to construct a church building. Plans were laid and construction began in 1875; the cornerstone was laid in May 1877, and the church was consecrated on June 30, 1878; the parishioners had performed", "id": "20255448" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Church (Monroe, Michigan)\n\n\nto come. St. Michael Church is located along the River Raisin on West Front Street in the city of Monroe, MI. The 183 foot steeple isn't hard to miss. When you come into Monroe you can easily see St. Michael's A tradition at St. Michael Church is the parish prayer. It is said before the beginning of every mass. It reads: \"Lord, God, we glorify Your holy name and thank you for calling us, the people of Saint Michael the Archangel Parish, to be one in", "id": "12346363" }, { "contents": "St Michael and All Angels Church, Barton Turf\n\n\nSt Michael and All Angels is the Church of England parish church of Barton Turf in the county of Norfolk in England. See Inside here. It stands about a kilometre south-west of the village in the midst of a plantation of trees. Particularly notable for its surviving paintings, the church is listed with Grade I. The building was at first constructed in rather an undistinguished Perpendicular style, possessing a tower at the west end of the church. The church is best known for the twelve panels of its late-Gothic rood", "id": "15249529" }, { "contents": "St Michael and All Angels' Church, Haworth\n\n\nSt Michael and All Angels' Church is the Church of England parish church of Haworth, West Yorkshire. The current structure, the third church building on the site, was built between 1879 and 1881 although parts of the original medieval church building, notably the tower, survive from earlier periods. The church is best known for its historic association with the Brontë sisters whose father Revd. Patrick Brontë served as minister of the parish between 1820 and 1861. A chapel has existed on the site since 1488, though records held at", "id": "17201346" }, { "contents": "St. Peter Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Peter Church (), is a Catholic parish church in Cleveland, Ohio and part of the Diocese of Cleveland. Founded in , it is located at the intersection of Superior Ave. near East 17th St., in the Downtown neighborhood. The church is a longstanding city landmark; George Francis Houck, then the Chancellor, wrote in 1903 that, \"One of the landmarks of the city and Diocese of Cleveland is St. Peter's Church.\" It is listed as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. It is also a named", "id": "13925952" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Church (Monroe, Michigan)\n\n\n. It was used as a church on the first floor and on the second it was used for the school. Later it would only be used as St. Michael School. Then in 1866 the cornerstone for the present church was laid. The large 187 foot steeple wasn't added until 1883. In 1874 the 3-story rectory was built east of the church. In 1918 the parish built the present building of St. Michael School which is now a part of Monroe Catholic Elementary Schools. The movement to establish the parish started in 1845", "id": "12346356" }, { "contents": "St. Casimir Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nRichard Gilmour for permission to form a new parish and build a church for their own use. In December 1891, Monsignor Felix Boff, V.G., administrator of the diocese, granted the required permission. Those parishioners left to form St. Casimir Church in 1891. The parish was founded in 1891 — about 44 years after the Diocese of Cleveland was erected by Pope Pius IX. In December, 1891, Boff appointed Father Benedict Rosinski, pastor of St. Adalbert's, Berea, Ohio, to take charge of the mission. On", "id": "12488231" }, { "contents": "St James' Church, Forest Gate\n\n\nSt James' Church, Forest Gate was a church in Forest Gate, east London. Its origins lay in an iron building constructed around 1870 to serve a conventional district. A parish was formed for it in 1881 from those of Emmanuel Church, All Saints and St John's and its permanent church completed the following year, with an organ moved from St Matthew's Church, Friday Street. The church was demolished in 1964 and for two years its congregation worshiped in the Durning Hall Community Centre's chapel until the parish was", "id": "17208906" }, { "contents": "North Presbyterian Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nNorth Presbyterian Church is a historic Presbyterian church on the east side of Cleveland, Ohio, United States. Constructed in the 1880s, the church building has been named a historic site. Throughout its history, the congregation has been focused on Sunday school work. North Presbyterian Church developed out of a mission Sunday school established in east-side Cleveland in 1859. The local presbytery organized a congregation out of the Sunday school in 1867, and within a short while, the new congregation formed the first of two mission Sunday schools in", "id": "19215693" }, { "contents": "St. Vitus's Church, Cleveland\n\n\nVitus to work on the interior. It was finished for the centennial celebration of the parish later that year. St. Vitus remains a strong parish, but Fr. Božnar works with Bishop Lennon's programs to cluster parishes in order to increase strength for inner-city parishes. The church building of St. Vitus itself is constructed in the Lombard-Roman style with pale yellow Falston brick. It is 141 feet long and 100 feet wide with an attached parish house on its west side. Its two Romanesque bell towers reach 110 feet", "id": "916027" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Michael (St. Michael, Minnesota)\n\n\nof the church came from Saint John's Abbey in Collegeville. In 1866 a new church was built in the center of the town and served for about 25 years. In 1890 the parish built a Gothic Revival building, which was the largest church in Wright County at the time. The building features ornate statues and German woodcarvings. Although the parish had a mostly German ethnicity for many years, since 1985 the number of families in the parish doubled, and it no longer appears to be an ethnic parish. In 2004 the", "id": "1327870" }, { "contents": "St. Thomas Church (Underhill, Vermont)\n\n\nSt. Thomas Church is a Roman Catholic church in the Town of Underhill, Vermont in the United States, located in the unincorporated village of \"Underhill Center\". The church was built from 1891-92 after its predecessor had burned down on 19 December 1890. The cornerstone for the current St. Thomas Church building was laid on 12 August 1891 at an event that had an estimated 1,000 attendees. Although the construction period spanned from 1 May 1891 until December 1892, the first Mass was nevertheless held in the basement of the church", "id": "6739395" }, { "contents": "St. William Parish (Lawncrest)\n\n\n1950s and 60's, saw many changes come to the physical plant of the Parish that reflected the housing boom of the area, the economic upswing of the times and the growing parish population. Many of the original \"Motley Buildings\" were completely replaced. The Middle School (Junior High/Upper School) building was built and later an additional floor was added. When consideration was had for the completion of the Upper Church, it was found that the basement church was not structurally sufficient to support additional construction. In 1955", "id": "10364503" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Michael the Archangel, Katowice\n\n\nChurch of St. Michael Archangel () is one of the oldest buildings in Katowice. It's located in Kościuszko Park, where it was moved in 1938 from the village Syrynia, where it was originally constructed in 1510. It is under the invocation of St. Michael. It has end-fitted log framework construction and shingled roof. Free-standing belltower was completed before 1679; it has historic lych-gate and wooden fence around the churchyard. The church of St. Michael Archangel was first built in 1305 in Syrynia, near", "id": "21359049" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Catholic Church (St. Patrick, Ohio)\n\n\n's was closely connected to many other churches in western Ohio: wide areas of western Ohio that were primarily settled by Catholics feature large churches at sparsely-populated crossroads. While most of these churches are constructed in the Gothic Revival style of architecture, some of the newer churches of the region — including St. Patrick's — appear in a variety of styles; St. Patrick's was one of the few that lacked the high steeples of the Gothic Revival structures. The leading role of these churches in western Shelby County and the lands", "id": "15760890" }, { "contents": "St Michael's Roman Catholic Church, Linlithgow\n\n\nchildren the congregation capitalised on the spirit of cooperation and community and set out to build a school. Located on a site next to the church St. Joseph's school was opened on 1 July 1889 and served the children of the parish until 1964 when new premises were occupied at Preston Road. Although during this time Fr Easson had replaced Fr Murphy as parish priest there was no change of emphasis and all the parish energies were engaged in the effort to complete the church building programme. Plans to double the size of the church were", "id": "17679127" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Delaware, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Mary's Catholic Church is a historic Catholic parish church in the city of Delaware, Ohio, United States. Constructed in the 1880s, this grand building is home to a congregation established in the middle of the nineteenth century. Its grand style has long made it a community landmark, and it was named a historic landmark in 1980. Delaware's first Masses were celebrated by travelling priests in the homes of the city's few Catholics, most of whom were Irish or German immigrants. The members built the first St. Mary", "id": "2642749" }, { "contents": "Church of the Resurrection (Rye, New York)\n\n\nin 1881 at the intersection of Purchase Street and the Boston Post Road, where services were then offered. The parish was incorporated on January 29, 1886, and title to the property was transferred from the archdiocese to the parish itself. A new church building was completed in 1889 on Purchase Street, while the former building was used as the rectory. Thereafter, construction of a parochial school on the Boston Post Road began in 1906 and was completed two years later. With the number of parishioners growing, the church purchased land", "id": "19300829" }, { "contents": "Near North Side, Chicago\n\n\n, most of this area was an enclave to the first emigrants from Puerto Rico to Chicago, who referred to it as part of \"La Clark\" until commercialization decorated late 1960s shop signs with the name of Old Town. The neighborhood is home to St. Michael's Church, originally built to serve German immigrants, and one of only 7 to survive the great Chicago fire. St. Michael's, Holy Name Cathedral, Immaculate Conception, and St. Joseph's Catholic churches all catered to Latinos with a Mass in Spanish. Many", "id": "1540930" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Massillon, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Mary's Catholic Church is a historic Catholic church building in the city of Massillon, Ohio, United States. Constructed in 1876 for a congregation composed largely of European immigrants, it has been named a historic site. The origins of St. Mary parish lie among numerous Germans and Irish who settled in Massillon in its early years and built a small house of worship on Cherry Road in the 1840s. This building stood until 1875, when it was destroyed so that the present church might occupy its location; it was built in", "id": "19205828" }, { "contents": "St. Anne Church (Berlin, New Hampshire)\n\n\nSt. Anne Church is a historic church at 58 Church Street in Berlin, New Hampshire, United States. It is the church for Good Shepherd Parish within the Roman Catholic Diocese of Manchester. St. Anne Parish was founded in 1867, and was Berlin's first Roman Catholic congregation. It was merged with Guardian Angel Parish, St. Joseph Parish, and St. Kieran Parish in 2000 to form Good Shepherd Parish. Its building, constructed in 1900, is an important local example of Romanesque architecture, and was listed on the National Register", "id": "2452362" }, { "contents": "St. Peter Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n, put up by Luhr, was torn down and replaced by a large pastoral residence adjoining the rear of the church, at a cost of $12,000. In the same year a third story was added to St. Peter's school building, and arranged for a parish hall, containing a stage and other conveniences, at a cost of $10,000. In the synod of January 3, 1889, St. Peter's congregation was the first mentioned among the nine principal churches of the diocese which Gilmour named as rectorates, with an", "id": "13925965" }, { "contents": "Trinity Cathedral (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nfirst church building built within the village limits of Cleveland. In 1846, to meet the needs of a growing parish, plans for a larger, centralized building just east of Public Square commenced. The congregation moved into the larger stone structure in the Gothic style on Superior Avenue in 1855. In 1890, Trinity Church was offered to Bishop William A. Leonard for use as a cathedral for the Diocese of Ohio. The congregation would maintain the building and it would serve dual roles as the parish church and cathedral for the diocese.", "id": "19215933" }, { "contents": "St. Andrew's Cathedral (Jackson, Mississippi)\n\n\nat the time that was not located along the Mississippi River. Its church was burned by the Union Army during the American Civil War in 1863. The cornerstone for the second church was laid by the Rt. Rev. William Mercer Green in 1869. By the turn of the Twentieth Century the congregation had outgrown its church building and the present structure was completed in 1903. The Parish House was constructed between 1923 and 1924. The congregation continued to grow and the building along West Street was built in 1955. The bishop moved his", "id": "20556538" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Evansville, Indiana)\n\n\nservice in the first church building was held on April 15, 1883. While construction ensued, a congregant and frequent benefactor, Charles Viele, offered the use of Viele Hall (located on 2nd street between Main and Sycamore streets) to St. Paul's parish. The cornerstone for new St. Paul's was laid on September 3, 1883, and construction completed on March 2, 1886 with Bishop D.B. Knickerbacker consecrating the new building. Charles and Mary Viele continued to sponsor further construction on the church grounds - first with a rectory", "id": "20407572" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Church (Monroe, Michigan)\n\n\nSaint Michael the Archangel Church (St. Michael Church) is located on the west side of the city of Monroe, Michigan along the River Raisin. It is home to 1,200 families and it is one of most important religious institutes in Monroe County. It was founded in the year 1852. The present building was built from 1866-1867. It is in the Archdiocese of Detroit. Its current priest is Rev. Phillip Ching. When the parish was first established, the mayor of Monroe palatial residence was remodeled as a temporary church", "id": "12346355" }, { "contents": "St. Mary Congregational Church\n\n\nSt. Mary Congregational Church in Abbeville, Louisiana is the oldest incorporated, predominantly African-American church in Vermilion Parish. Its historic Gothic Revival style church at 213 S. Louisiana Avenue, constructed in 1905 to replace a previous building, was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1999. American Missionary Association records show the congregation dates to at least 1877. The structure is a three-bay, gable-fronted church with a prominent corner tower. The tower is three-stage and square. The church is currently non", "id": "17676536" }, { "contents": "St. Charles of the Valley Catholic Church and Rectory\n\n\nSt. Charles Borromeo Church is a Catholic parish in Hailey, Idaho, in the Diocese of Boise. Its historic parish church and rectory complex, located at Pine and S. 1st Streets, is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Fr. E.M. Nattini began ministering in the Wood River Valley in the 1880s. The population was growing rapidly, and he was soon able to raise funds for the construction of the first church of St. Charles, which began June 17, 1883. It was the first Catholic church ineast of", "id": "20581174" }, { "contents": "Sacred Heart Catholic Church (Dayton, Ohio)\n\n\nprompted some of the members to leave in July 1883 and establish Sacred Heart Church; under the leadership of St. Joseph's associate pastor Hugh McDevitt, the congregation rented a meeting hall while waiting for the construction of their building. Land for the present church was purchased for $19,000, and William Henry Elder laid the cornerstone in June 1888. Exterior work was completed in the following year, and by 1893 construction was close enough to completion that the congregation could begin worshipping in their building. The building was consecrated by Bishop Maes", "id": "22206155" }, { "contents": "St. Vincent de Paul Church (Pontiac, Michigan)\n\n\n. The church continued to grow, and in the 1880s, the Reverend Fridolin Baumgartner began raising funds for the construction of the present church. The congregation hired the Detroit architecture firm of Donaldson & Meier to design the church, and the cornerstone was laid on September 6, 1885. The church was dedicated two years later, on September 18, 1887. A 6600-pound bell was installed in the church in 1890. A rectory was constructed in 1895, a school building was added in 1897, and a parish hall in 1911", "id": "19268922" }, { "contents": "St. Boniface Roman Catholic Church\n\n\npopulation on the west side. In 1873, a two-story, red brick Italianate rectory building was built for the parish at a cost of $6,000. A stone church building was planned by the prominent local architect William M. Scott, and construction was completed in 1883 at a cost of $30,000. The parish was closed in 1989, and the building was demolished a few years later. St. Boniface Church was an eclectic example of Romanesque Revival and Ruskinian Gothic architecture. It was built in a cruciform shape from red", "id": "9736494" } ]

[ { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nchurch congregation reached its peak size in the 1950, when only 25% of the parishioners were of German descent. The first Spanish Mass was said in 1971 for the growing number of Hispanic parishioners. The congregation now is mostly Latin American. The church now offers Masses in both English and Spanish. An annual Good Friday Procession begins or ends at St. Michael's. St Michael's and La Sagrada Familia church alternate every year to begin or end at one of the two churches. There is a stop at St Patrick's", "id": "19125747" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nwhile the new building was under construction. The current church, which had its cornerstone laid in 1889, was completed five years ahead of schedule in 1892. The church building is considered a good example of High Victorian Gothic architecture with its two towers of unequal height, the taller of which rises , and three archways. An architecturally notable school adjacent to the church began construction in 1906 and was completed in 1907. For many years the church was one of the most costly and artistically notable churches in the Cleveland Diocese. The", "id": "19125746" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Michael the Archangel is a Roman Catholic church located at 3114 Scranton Road in the Clark-Fulton neighborhood on the west side of Cleveland, Ohio. The church is named in honor of St. Michael the Archangel and was completed in 1892. The congregation was founded in 1881 as a mission of Ohio City, Cleveland's St. Mary's on-the-Flats to serve a growing German immigrant population on Cleveland's west side. The original church and school building were constructed in 1883 but burned on June 29, 1891,", "id": "19125745" }, { "contents": "St. John's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n's. Trinity Cathedral is now the seat of the Episcopal Diocese of Ohio. St. John's was also the mother church to several of the west side parishes. In 1837, the Ohio City Directory described the church as follows, \"The Episcopal Church, which is not yet finished, is built of hammered stone, and has a lofty steeple. Its style of architecture is Gothic, resembling that of the ancient and venerable Cathedral. This building, when finished, will be one of the best of the kind in the", "id": "18742416" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cincinnati, Ohio)\n\n\n1847. The cornerstone was laid August 1, 1847 and the church dedicated June 4, 1848. Rev. Fr. Zoppoth was selected as the first pastor for the congregation. In 1868 St. Michael Church became the mother parish to St. Lawrence Church which was organized that same year. The Comboni Missionaries took charge of the parish in 1964. By this time many of the German-speaking families in the parish had begun to move to other parts of the city. In a mass celebrated by Daniel Edward Pilarczyk the church building was", "id": "11338583" }, { "contents": "St. Columba Cathedral (Youngstown, Ohio)\n\n\nThe first Mass celebrated in Youngstown occurred in 1826. St. Columba Parish was founded in 1847, the year that Pope Pius IX established the Diocese of Cleveland, of which Youngstown was a part. The first church was completed in 1850. As the parish grew, it required a larger church, which it completed in 1868. The first parish school building was opened three years later. The parish continued to grow and constructed yet another church which opened in 1897. Bishop Ignatius Horstmann consecrated the sanctuary in 1903. The parish added", "id": "13619245" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Stephen Church is a Roman Catholic church located in the Detroit-Shoreway neighborhood on the west side of Cleveland, Ohio. The gothic style building was designed by architects Cudell & Richardson. The current church was built in 1875 and was added into the National Register of Historic Places in 1977. St. Stephen Roman Catholic Church was founded in 1869 due to a need for a second German parish on the west side of Cleveland. The first German parish, St. Mary's, increased so much that Cleveland was in need of a", "id": "19215917" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cincinnati, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Michael the Archangel Church is a Roman Catholic church located at 2110 St. Michael Street, in Cincinnati, Ohio. The cornerstone of this church was laid in 1847 and the church dedicated a year later. The church closed April 5, 1998. As the tide of German immigrants continued to rise in Cincinnati, more churches were needed. Holy Trinity Church was the first German speaking parish. As the city grew in three directions; north, east and west; there were three parishes which descended from that parish Old St. Mary", "id": "11338581" }, { "contents": "St. John's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. John's Episcopal Church is located at 2600 Church Avenue in the Ohio City neighborhood of Cleveland, Ohio. St. John's is the oldest consecrated building in Cuyahoga county. This stone gothic revival church building was designed by Hezekiah Eldredge and built beginning in 1836 and was completed 1838. Eldridge was probably familiar with John Henry Hopkins' \"An Essay on Gothic Architecture\", the first book on Gothic ecclesiastical architecture to be published in the United States. St. John's is a good representative of a small group of American churches", "id": "18742414" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland Heights, Ohio)\n\n\nFairmount Blvd, it is a contributing property in the Fairmount Boulevard District, which is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. St. Paul's was first established in the city of Cleveland, Ohio on October 26, 1846. The congregation did not have its own building until 1851, as a frame building completed in 1849 burned completely. A small brick church in the Gothic Revival style was completed for the parish at Euclid and Sheriff (East 4th) Streets by 1858. St. Paul's congregation outgrew the church, however", "id": "18644038" }, { "contents": "Irvington, Baltimore\n\n\nPassion\", marking the beginning of St. Joseph's Monastery Parish. Construction of a new, larger church began in 1881 and was completed in 1883. Its cornerstone was placed by Cardinal James Gibbons. The original monastery, beside the church, burned down in 1883. A new monastery was completed in 1886. The monastery chapel is extant and contains an 1887 Niemann pipe organ. The congregation of St. Joseph's Monastery Parish outgrew their church building in the following century. In 1931, Archbishop Michael Joseph Curley placed the cornerstone for", "id": "5906170" }, { "contents": "St. Theodosius Russian Orthodox Cathedral\n\n\nSt. Theodosius Cathedral is an Orthodox church located on Starkweather Avenue in the Tremont neighborhood, on the near west side of Cleveland, Ohio. It is considered one of the best examples of Russian church architecture in the U.S. and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The parish is the first Orthodox parish in Cleveland and is currently under the jurisdiction of the Diocese of the Midwest of the Orthodox Church in America. St. Theodosius is perhaps best known for its appearance in the 1978 film, \"The Deer Hunter\" with", "id": "13141384" }, { "contents": "St. Casimir Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nBoth the church building and the school building are GNIS named features. The church building is listed as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. To provide properly for the large and steadily increasing number of Poles in the north-eastern part of Cleveland it was necessary to organize them into the third Polish congregation within the limits of the city. They lived too far away from St. Stanislaus Church, with which they had been affiliated, for them to conveniently either attend Mass or for their children to attend the parish school. They therefore petitioned Bishop", "id": "12488230" }, { "contents": "St. Henry's Catholic Church (Harriettsville, Ohio)\n\n\nChurch in Fulda in order to hear Mass. Virtually all of the members in the early decades were Germans or of German descent. A parish school was formed in the late 1870s, and in its first twenty years, the parish grew fourfold in membership. This growth caused the original church building to be too small: land for a new building was purchased in 1879, and construction finished in 1894. St. Henry's Church is a stone building in the Gothic Revival style; the most prominent component is a multi-story tower", "id": "19205430" }, { "contents": "St. Michael's Church, Old Town, Chicago\n\n\nSt. Michael's Church in the Old Town neighborhood of Chicago is a Roman Catholic church staffed by the Redemptorist order of priests. The parish was founded to minister to German Catholic immigrants in 1852 with its first wooden church completed that year at a cost of $750 (including the bell). The building stands at the intersection of Eugenie Street and Cleveland Avenue. The church was built as a haven for German immigrants who were outcasts in Old Chicago. In addition, the town's main church, St. Joseph's Church,", "id": "10838314" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cincinnati, Ohio)\n\n\n's Church, St. Philomena's Church and St. Joseph's Church. The three parishes were founded in 1840, 1846 and 1846 respectively. As more immigration followed, St. Michael's was founded, the first filial parish of St. Joseph. The parish was located to what was then called Storrs Township. Forty-five persons organized themselves into a congregation in the early part of 1847 and drew up a constitution for the church A lot was donated by Innocent Troenle and two additional adjacent pieces of property were bought in April and May", "id": "11338582" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Michael and St. Anthony\n\n\ntoday to mostly Poles and Italians. The church has also been noted for its Byzantine Revival architecture, complete with a dome and minaret-styled tower, making it \"one of the more unique examples of church architecture in Montréal.\" Construction on the Church of St. Michael the Archangel began in 1914, for what would grow to become the largest anglophone parish in Montreal. After a brief delay following the commencement of World War I, the church was completed in 1915 at a cost of $232,000, with a capacity of", "id": "10850773" }, { "contents": "Zion Lutheran Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nother Cleveland-area Lutheran congregations, including Trinity Lutheran Church, are Zion's daughters. The original church building was located downtown, but the east-side German community was strong enough by 1902 that the congregation deemed Prospect Avenue a better location for serving the community. From its earliest years, the congregation had sponsored a school; Zion Lutheran School was founded in 1848, at which time all scholars were instructed in German. The school moved to Prospect Avenue ahead of the church; the present building was completed in 1903,", "id": "19215937" }, { "contents": "St. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\non their behalf with papal authorities, and Charles Boehm of Hungary settled in Cleveland in late 1892 to serve the new St. Elizabeth parish, the first Hungarian nationality parish in America. Boehm immediately began registering members and advocating for the construction of a church complex; the first church building, a brick structure, was erected by the end of 1893, a school soon followed, and a larger school was completed in 1900 because of expanded enrollment. He also began a Hungarian-language parish newspaper that soon gained subscribers in other parts", "id": "19215854" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church, Madison\n\n\ndying Catholics (he was a doctor as well). Costigan is believed to have been the Catholic architect of the church. Costigan was only recorded as being a member of the parish during the construction, but details of the church building mirror his other buildings in Madison. In December 1839 St. Michael the Archangel Catholic Church was completed. As the City of Madison grew, so did its Catholic population. German–Catholics had increased highly in numbers and had formed a separate congregation within St. Michael's. In 1850, the", "id": "2385658" }, { "contents": "Pilgrim Congregational Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nonly a short time, as construction on the present building was started just 23 years after the first building was finished. The name \"Pilgrim Congregational Church\" was adopted in 1894 upon the completion of the present building; they had been styled \"Heights Congregational Church\" into the 1870s and used the name \"Jennings Avenue Congregational Church\" in the 1880s. The building was a community landmark from its earliest years — electric wiring was included in the original construction at a time when no other Cleveland buildings west of the Cuyahoga River", "id": "19215839" }, { "contents": "St. Monica Church (Manhattan)\n\n\nin 1880 he began conducting Mass over a feed store at 404 East 78th Street. The following year, he purchased land for the construction of the church and school. Construction of the first church building was completed in 1883. In 1892, the address was listed as 409 E 79th Street. The Rev. John J. Boyle served as acting rector at St. Monica's before becoming the founding pastor of St. Luke's Church (Bronx, New York). The current Gothic Revival church building was erected in 1906 to the designs of", "id": "18565781" }, { "contents": "Annunciation Church (historic) (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nAnnunciation Church (historic) (), was a Catholic parish church in Cleveland, Ohio and part of the Diocese of Cleveland. It was located at the intersection of Hurd St. and Moore St., now part of the West Side Market parking lot, in the Ohio City neighborhood. The location where the church once stood can be found, in an 1881 atlas, at the south-west corner of Hurd St. and Moore St., on the west bank of the Cuyahoga river above part of the Flats historically known as Ox", "id": "14549709" }, { "contents": "Sacred Heart of Jesus Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n. Between 1885 and 1889 a large number of Poles settled in South Cleveland, in the area of East 71st St. and Harvard Ave. They lived too far away from St. Stanislaus church for them to conveniently either attend Mass or for their children to attend the parish school. They petitioned Bishop Richard Gilmour for permission to form a new parish and build a church for their own use. The petition to form a new parish and build a church was granted, and the parish was founded in  — about 42 years after the Diocese", "id": "12287909" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland Heights, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Paul's Episcopal Church is a parish of the Episcopal Church in Cleveland Heights, Ohio. The current rector is the Rev. Jeanne Leinbach, installed on October 23, 2015. She is the first female rector of St. Paul's. Her predecessor was the Rev. Alan M. Gates, who served from 2004-2014, before his election as Bishop of Massachusetts. St. Paul's is a leading church and has the largest congregation in the Episcopal Diocese of Ohio. The church building is a Cleveland Heights landmark. Located at 2747", "id": "18644037" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nRev. Richard Gilmour. Volunteer German and Hungarian woodworkers completed the interior of the church. Over the next 40 years, the parish added a rectory, convent for the Sisters of Notre Dame and two school buildings including one for and an all girls two-year high school which opened in 1905. After World War II, St. Stephen's parish experienced unprecedented growth due to the population growth in Cleveland and throughout the country. On June 8, 1953 a tornado severely damaged the church structure. Work to restore the building began immediately", "id": "19215920" }, { "contents": "Cathedral of St. John the Evangelist (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nstyle and the Bishop laid the cornerstone October 22, 1848. Until the new building was completed in 1852, St. Mary's served as cathedral for the diocese. At the time of its completion, the new cathedral was the well beyond Cleveland's Public Square. Alterations and additions began on the church almost as soon as the initial construction was complete. In 1857, a boys' school was added and within ten years, it was joined by a parish hall and girls' school. In 1879, the parish raised sufficient", "id": "10656550" }, { "contents": "St. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nthe present building. Although the cornerstone was laid in 1918, the construction process was lengthy, and it was finally completed only in 1922. Built primarily of limestone, according to a design of Cleveland architect Emile Uhlrich, the church is an example of Italian-influenced Baroque Revival architecture, partly modelled after the church of Sant'Agnese in Agone in Rome. Two great towers, topped with cupolas, form the ends of the facade, while a great rose window sits in the middle section of the facade high above the main entrance", "id": "19215857" }, { "contents": "St. Nicholas' Catholic Church (Osgood, Ohio)\n\n\nnearby villages; St. Augustine's Church in Minster and St. Michael's Church in Fort Loramie were established by 1850, but the foundations of a parish in Osgood were not laid until 1904, and formal establishment of the parish came in 1906. In its earliest years, the Mass was celebrated in common buildings; after worshipping for a time in a school, the parishioners purchased a barn for ecclesiastical purposes. For many years, the improvement of the parish's facilities was hindered by its size; the fewness of its members meant", "id": "421917" }, { "contents": "Union–Miles Park\n\n\na congregation for African Americans, was founded 1914, and erected its first church building and school in 1916 at what is now Union Avenue and Martin Luther King Drive. The congregation that formed Archangel Michael Orthodox Church ( St. Michael's Orthodox Church) split from St. John the Baptist Orthodox Church in 1921. It began construction of its new church home at 10000 Union Avenue in April 1924, completing the structure in 1926. Although the long-standing Cataract House closed in 1917, the first Union–Miles Park movie theater,", "id": "20793486" }, { "contents": "St. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church is a historic Roman Catholic church in the Buckeye Road neighborhood on the east side of Cleveland, Ohio, United States. The earliest ethnic parish established for Hungarians in the United States, its present building was constructed in the early twentieth century, and it has been named a historic site. Cleveland's first Hungarian Catholics initially worshipped at St. Ladislaus' Church, an east-side Slovakian parish, but ethnic strife and increasing immigration prompted the Hungarian community to seek their own parish. Bishop Horstmann interceded", "id": "19215853" }, { "contents": "Sacred Heart of Jesus Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSacred Heart of Jesus (), was a Catholic parish church in Cleveland, Ohio and part of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland. It was located at the north-west corner of intersection of East 71st St. and Kazimier St., in a part of the South Broadway neighborhood previously known in Polish as \"\" and nicknamed \"Goosetown\". Both the church building and the school building are GNIS named features. The church, school, and rectory buildings are listed together as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. The church was closed", "id": "12287908" }, { "contents": "St. Mary Mother of the Redeemer Church (Norwalk, Ohio)\n\n\nSaint Mary Mother of the Redeemer Church is a parish in the Roman Catholic Diocese of Toledo. The current church is located at 38 W. League Street, Norwalk, Ohio. Construction on the building began on May 29, 1889, and was completed in 1894. The church was previously twinned with St. Alphonsus in Peru, Ohio, but was later twinned with St. Anthony in Milan, Ohio, after a mass restructuring of the diocese. The Century House was a name given to several buildings, now all demolished, within the", "id": "21671394" }, { "contents": "Pilgrim Congregational Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nPilgrim Congregational Church is a historic congregation of the United Church of Christ in Cleveland, Ohio, United States. Constructed in the 1890s for a congregation founded in the 1850s, it was named a historic site in the 1970s. Congregationalists began operating a Sunday school in Cleveland's Tremont neighborhood in 1854, and their efforts resulted in the creation of a church five years later. The members began construction of their first church building in 1865, although it was not completed until 1870. It was suitable for the congregation's needs for", "id": "19215838" }, { "contents": "Sidney Mason Stone\n\n\n; St. Patrick's Church, New Haven (1853) constructed of East Haven sandstone;First Congregational Church, Naugatuck, CT (1855) and Wooster Place Congregational Church, Wooster Square, New Haven (1855) (now the Church of St. Michael) the original design for which featured a Corinthian portico and tall steeple. In \"New Haven: A Guide to Architecture and Urban Design\", Brown remarks on St. Michael's, “The building has burned twice, the steeple blown down once...Only the side walls and tall", "id": "165241" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Dayton, Ohio)\n\n\ncentury, the parish had outgrown it, and construction began on a new building; Archbishop Moeller laid the cornerstone in July 1905 and consecrated it in November 1906. Growth continued, and St. Anthony's Church was established in 1913 by families coming out of St. Mary's. St. Mary's remains an active part of the Archdiocese of Cincinnati to the present day. Masses are celebrated both in English and in Spanish. The current St. Mary's Church is a Romanesque Revival structure built in a mix of brick and stone. Constructed", "id": "19205375" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Indianapolis, Indiana)\n\n\nuntil the Diocese of Indianapolis established Holy Rosary Catholic Church, an Italian national parish in Indianapolis in 1911. After the turn of the century, when the neighborhood become commercial, the parish purchased property at New Jersey and Vermont streets, where they built the present church, which was under construction from 1910 to 1912. St. Mary's adapted to its changing ethnic neighborhood over the years. In 1967, as the city's Spanish-speaking community began to grow, the parish began offering Sunday mass in Spanish. German-language", "id": "3660949" }, { "contents": "St. John's Catholic Church (Fryburg, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. John Catholic Church is a Roman Catholic church in the unincorporated community of Fryburg in Pusheta Township, Auglaize County, Ohio, United States. The parish was established in 1848, the same year in which the community was platted, and construction was completed in 1850. A Catholic school in connection with the church was established in 1877. Both buildings feature fine architecture: the church includes Gothic Revival elements such as ornate pilasters and lancet windows, while the former school is a good example of Federal architecture. St. John's is", "id": "11283325" }, { "contents": "St. Augustine Parish (Hartford, Connecticut)\n\n\nSt. Augustine Parish is a Roman Catholic parish located in Hartford, Connecticut. In addition to a church, the parish also administers a school, St. Augustine School. St. Augustine Parish was established in August 1902 with Fr. Michael Barry appointed as its first pastor. At that time, a church building had not yet been constructed so mass was offered at the Washington Street School until a basement chapel was completed in 1903. The current Romanesque-style church was completed in 1912 and dedicated by Bishop John J. Nilan of the then", "id": "21104070" }, { "contents": "Zion Lutheran Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nFirst Methodist, Trinity Cathedral, and St. Paul's Episcopal Church on Euclid Avenue. This condition persisted into the mid-1910s, at which point the neighborhood transitioned into a largely commercial area. Beginning after 1930, the neighborhood deteriorated as many buildings were demolished, often to create room for parking lots. In such an environment Zion Lutheran Church was constructed in 1902 and opened for public use in the following year. It is home to a congregation founded by German immigrants in 1843, the oldest extant Lutheran congregation in the city; many", "id": "19215936" }, { "contents": "Church of St Paul, Letchworth\n\n\nallow construction of the new church to begin, with the foundation stone being laid on 10 October 1923 by the Marchioness of Salisbury. Work on the first section of the building was completed including three and a half bays of the nave with arcades at the sides. This first section was consecrated by Michael Furse, the Bishop of St Albans on 3 May 1924. A tower was intended but was never built. By 1924 the church was becoming too small for its growing congregation and work on an extension began in early 1931,", "id": "1720772" }, { "contents": "Basilica of the Sacred Heart of Jesus, Syracuse\n\n\noriginal church was located across the street from the current structure. The first Mass in the new parish church was said on August 30, 1892, with the formal dedication taking place nearly a year later on June 11, 1893. The congregation outgrew the first church within a decade, and a decision was made to construct a new church. The foundations were built by parishioners in order to save money, and the cornerstone was laid in 1907. Work was completed in three years, and the church was completed and dedicated on", "id": "4119395" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n, side altars and pulpit are made entirely of oak wood and decorated with beautiful German woodcarvings. The church pews are also oak. A Mexican onyx and brass Communion rail was installed over the years and the floor of the sanctuary and aisles is made of black and white marble tiles. St. Stephen's is a fully active Roman Catholic Parish in the Diocese of Cleveland. This means that they have a full parish staff and church council. They have regular Sunday Masses as well as daily Masses. German Mass is offered every first", "id": "19215923" }, { "contents": "Roncesvalles, Toronto\n\n\nWomenpriests at the church. St. Casimir's Polish Roman Catholic Church at Garden Avenue, offers Polish masses on Sundays. Its origins begin in 1944 when the Oblate Mission decided to create the third Polish parish (and first in the west end) in Toronto. The lot on which the church stands today was purchased for $15,000 in 1948 and construction on the parish hall began the same year. The first mass was held in the church hall in 1949. The church was completed and officially began offering mass on May 23,", "id": "3040916" }, { "contents": "Rajavoor\n\n\nSt. Michael's Shrine which is located at the center part of Rajavoor. The annual feast starts on the first Friday of May with a flag hoisting followed by a ten-day Mass and adoration. The eighth, ninth and tenth days are marked with a car procession to St. Michael Archangel, carnival ended with High Mass in front of the Holy Cars. The Roman Catholics and parish are administered by the Kottar Diocese. Another notable church, Our Lady of Presentation (Kaanikkai Maathaa) Church is attached to the Rajavoor Parish as", "id": "4595849" }, { "contents": "Transfiguration Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nBaptist Church in the nearby suburb of Garfield Heights, Ohio, which had a large, new structure. In April 1943, Trinity Baptist Church sold its building to the Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland for $35,000 ($ in dollars). The Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland erected Transfiguration Parish on July 30, 1943. The parish was divided from nearby Immaculate Heart of Mary Church and Shrine Church of St. Stanislaus parishes. Reverend Joseph F. Zabawa was named the pastor of the new congregation, which took up residence in the Trinity", "id": "20542089" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Augustine (Larchmont, New York)\n\n\nThe Church of St. Augustine is a Roman Catholic church located in Larchmont, New York. The parish having been founded in 1892, the present Gothic Revival church building was constructed in 1928. With a growing number of Catholics living in Larchmont, New York—many of them domestic servants who attended Blessed Sacrament Church in New Rochelle or Most Holy Trinity Church in Mamaroneck—the Archbishop of New York, Michael Corrigan, created the parish of St. Augustine was created in 1892. The decision to establish a parish was motivated in part", "id": "19300736" }, { "contents": "St. Barbara Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Barbara Catholic Church () is a parish of the Roman Catholic Church in Cleveland, Ohio, within the Diocese of Cleveland. The parish church is located on Denison Ave. between West 16th St. and the southbound entrance to SR 176, in a part of the Brooklyn Centre neighborhood previously known in Polish as . The red brick parish church, designed by H.C. Gabele, is a local landmark. It is a GNIS named feature. The church, rectory and convent buildings are listed together as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. The", "id": "13695356" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\ntwo years the parishioners worshipped in a hotel before constructing a building at Fourth and Euclid downtown. A fire destroyed the structure before it was completed, but people throughout the city contributed funds to build a brick replacement in 1851. By the 1870s, the streets surrounding the church had become primarily commercial, so the vestry sold the building and rented halls while building the present church eastward on Euclid Avenue. Its placement amid the wealthy Millionaire's Row district soon caused it to become a symbol of the neighborhood. However, the membership", "id": "19215901" }, { "contents": "St Michael the Archangel Church, Chatham\n\n\nHeart Church in Luton. St Paulinus Church was built in 1788 as a Wesleyan Chapel. In 1892, it was bought by the local Catholic Church. Sacred Heart Church was built in 1949. On 26 June 1949, its foundation stone was laid by the parish priest of St Michael's Church. St Paulinus Church has one Sunday Mass at 9:00am. Sacred Heart Church also has one Sunday Mass, it is at 10:30am. St Michael's Church has four Sunday Masses: 6:30pm on Saturday and 9:30am, 11:00am and 6:00pm on", "id": "19228802" }, { "contents": "St Michael and All Angels Church, Kingaroy\n\n\n's construction. Architect Colin Deighton, who was assistant to John Hingeston Buckeridge, the Anglican Diocese of Brisbane Architect between 1887 and 1901, designed the church. Deighton designed a number of country churches and St Colomb's Anglican Church at Clayfield in Brisbane. The foundation stone of St Michael and All Angels Church was laid on 10 November 1910 by the Venerable Arthur Rivers, Archdeacon of Toowoomba. Construction of the building, which was to seat 250 worshippers, began in December 1910 and was completed in 1911. Its cost, including", "id": "3972006" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Catholic Church (Chicago)\n\n\nSt. Michael () is a church of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Chicago. The current church is located at E. 83rd Street and S. South Shore Drive in South Chicago, a neighborhood of Chicago, Illinois. It is a prime example of the so-called \"Polish Cathedral style\" of churches in both its opulence and grand scale. Along with Immaculate Conception, it is one of the two monumental Polish churches dominating over the South Chicago neighborhood. Founded in 1892 as a Polish parish in Chicago to relieve overcrowding at Immaculate", "id": "20616064" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nof St. Stephen's for 38 years. In 1873, Fr. Reichlin realized that a new church building was needed to accommodate the growing parish. The Cleveland-based architect firm called Cudell & Richardson was hired to build the structure that still stands today as St. Stephen's Roman Catholic Church. Due to economic depression in the mid-1870s, work on the new building was stopped. Parishioners mortgaged their own properties to raise funds for the new church. It was dedicated on November 20, 1881 by the second bishop of Cleveland,", "id": "19215919" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church, Madison\n\n\n1992, the parishes of St. Mary's and St. Michael's became one community of faith, with one priest, Father John Meyer, and two church buildings. Saturday night mass was held at St. Michael's for St. Michael's ‘parishioners,’ and on Sunday morning, mass was held at St. Mary's. In 1993, the area's two other Catholic Churches (St. Patrick's and St. Anthony's) were merged with St. Mary's-St. Michael's as well. St. Michael's had extensive roof damage", "id": "2385663" }, { "contents": "St. Michael's Church, Hildesheim\n\n\nin 1010 and dedicated the still unfinished building to Michael on the archangel's feast day, 29 September 1022, just a few weeks before his death. Construction, however, continued under his successor, Bishop Godehard (died 1038), who completed the work in 1031 and reconsecrated the church to Michael on September 29 of that year. The church has double choirs east and west, double tripartite transepts at either end of the nave, and six towers----two large ones over the crossings east and west, and four other tall and", "id": "721679" }, { "contents": "St. Augustine's Catholic Church (Napoleon, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Augustine's Catholic Church is a historic church in Napoleon, Ohio, United States. Located on the edge of the city's downtown, two blocks away from the Henry County Courthouse, the church is a prominent landmark in Napoleon. St. Augustine Parish was founded at some point between 1856 and 1858; its first priest was Michael Pietz. The parish was dedicated to St. Augustine in honor of Augustine Pilliod, who supervised the construction of its first building. This structure was replaced with the current church, which was built at", "id": "13450149" }, { "contents": "Saint Patrick's Church (Dubuque, Iowa)\n\n\nMcCabe was assigned as the first resident pastor. The cornerstone of the present brick church was laid in 1877, and the building dedicated on August 15, 1878. In 1928, the Rev. J.J. Hanley remodeled and enlarged the church. St. Patrick Church was originally built for service to the Irish settlers of Dubuque and while the parish has maintained a healthy respect for its Irish heritage over its many years of service, the parish now specializes in service to the Hispanic residents of Dubuque. The parish offers a Spanish Mass on Sundays,", "id": "20590874" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nsecond parish for German-speaking Catholics. In April 1869 the first bishop of Cleveland, Bishop Louis Amadeus Rappe, appointed Fr. Stephen Falk to have a two-story building built. The building would be used as a church on the upper level and a school on the lower level to accommodate the 200 families from St. Mary's that lived west of 44th Street. The newly ordained Fr. Casimir Reichlin became the first pastor and said the first Mass of the parish on May 1, 1870. He served as pastor", "id": "19215918" }, { "contents": "Immaculate Conception Catholic Church (Fulda, Ohio)\n\n\n. Construction began on a small church building under the ministry of the priest from Miltonsburg, and Archbishop Purcell of Cincinnati dedicated it in 1853. Ten years later, the parishioners constructed a parish school, and a rectory followed in 1866; its large size and pretentious architecture resulted in a high construction cost of $2,500. By this time, the original church building had become entirely inadequate for the needs of the congregation, and replacement plans were laid; the cornerstone was laid in May 1874, and Bishop Rosecrans of Columbus dedicated", "id": "19205436" }, { "contents": "St. Vitus's Church, Cleveland\n\n\nSt. Vitus is a parish of the Roman Catholic Church in Cleveland, Ohio, United States, in the Diocese of Cleveland. The parish church, located at 6019 Lausche Avenue in the St. Clair-Superior neighborhood, was completed in 1932. The first documented Slovenian to settle in the Cleveland area was Joseph Turk, who came about 1883, most likely from Carniola, and settled on Marble Avenue, near the steel mills. He helped organize the Catholic Slovenes in Cleveland, and requested that Bishop Richard Gilmour of Cleveland appoint a", "id": "916020" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Catholic Church (St. Patrick, Ohio)\n\n\nrectory in 1919 to house its pastor; before its construction, St. Patrick's was served by priests from St. Michael's Church in Fort Loramie to the southwest. In 1977, the church and rectory were recorded by the Ohio Historic Inventory for the purpose of historic preservation; both buildings were ranked in good condition without any significant risks. Two years later, they were listed together on the National Register of Historic Places, along with over thirty other buildings in the Land of the Cross-Tipped Churches. When these churches were", "id": "15760892" }, { "contents": "Cathedral of St Michael and St John\n\n\n. In that year work commenced on a permanent church building located on the corner of George and Keppel Streets. St Michael's Church was a Victorian Gothic style building constructed in brick. It was in use by 1841 but appears not to have been completed until 1846 when leadlight windows were installed. Bishop John Bede Polding (1794-1877), first Catholic Archbishop of Sydney, was interested in fostering the English Gothic style of architecture in his diocese. He arranged for plans for significant churches to be prepared by English architects including", "id": "17452035" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Cathedral, Thunder Bay\n\n\n. From there, St. Patrick's Church was one of many churches that was missioned to the First Nations in Northern Ontario, as well as St. Andrew's Church, which was handed over to the diocese in 1997. St. Patrick's was built in 1892, the same year as Thunder Bay was incorporated as a town. The foundation stone was laid on 10 October 1891, and the first Mass was celebrated on 21 August 1892. The Jesuit parish priests made plans for the construction of an elementary school later that decade.", "id": "14488629" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Catholic Church (Toledo, Ohio)\n\n\nfor use in a new building. Fr. Edward Hannin, pastor of St. Patrick's, set out to create \"the finest church in this part of the land,\" for his congregation and began to raise money for construction. When it was completed, St. Patrick's was considered one of the finest examples of Gothic Revival architecture in the United States. The exterior is constructed of Amherst blue sandstone and the interior contains ten red granite columns. The church was dedicated on April 13, 1901. The church underwent extensive", "id": "9145471" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Dayton, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Mary's Catholic Church is a historic Catholic church building in an eastern neighborhood of Dayton, Ohio, United States. Constructed at the beginning of the twentieth century, it remains home to an active parish. Its grand architecture has made it an aviator's landmark, and it has been named a historic site by the federal government. Emanuel Church, the first Catholic parish in Dayton, was formed in 1837. Many English-speaking families left to form a separate parish in 1846, but Emanuel continued growing to the point", "id": "19205373" }, { "contents": "Church of St. James the Less\n\n\nmission. Weekly celebration of Mass resumed on Sundays at 5:00 pm. The breakaway congregation now meets at the Holy Cross Catholic church and is known as the Church of Saint Michael the Archangel. During the controversy, the parish school closed circa 2006. As part of its mandate, Saint Mark's Church began a fundraising effort to open a new parish school to serve this local community. In 2009 and 2010, the St. Mark's congregation (together with St. Francis Episcopal Church in Potomac, Maryland) sponsored Vacation Bible School at", "id": "12322466" }, { "contents": "St. John's Evangelical Lutheran Church (Springfield, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. John's Evangelical Lutheran Church is a historic Lutheran church in downtown Springfield, Ohio, United States. Founded as a German-speaking parish in Springfield's early days, it grew rapidly during its first few decades, and its present large church building was constructed in the 1890s under the direction of one of Springfield's leading architects. The congregation remains in the landmark church building, which has been named a historic site. Springfield's first Lutheran congregation was organized in May 1841, and a separate group of German Lutherans began", "id": "18832000" }, { "contents": "St Michael and St John Church, Clitheroe\n\n\nGrade II listed building. In September 2008, the Jesuits handed the church over to the Diocese of Salford who continue to serve the parish. Two years later, the parish merged with St Mary Queen of Peace Church in Sabden to form the parish of Our Lady of the Valley. St Mary's was built in 1877 and it was made into a parish in 1909, so that the parishioners did not have to travel the sizeable distance to attend Mass in Clitheroe. The parish has two Sunday Masses at St Michael and St", "id": "5090732" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n. St. Paul's church building is one of just six Gothic Revival churches built in Cleveland during the 1870s that survived into the 1980s. At one time considered Cleveland's grandest and largest church, it is distinguished by the unusual architecture of the peak of the bell tower, and the open interior features extensive detailing, along with seating for one thousand worshippers. Covered with sandstone from Berea, the building was a work of Gordon W. Lloyd, a Detroit architect who also produced grand churches in Ohio cities of various sizes, ranging", "id": "19215903" }, { "contents": "St. Aloysius' Catholic Church (Carthagena, Ohio)\n\n\nerected in 1865. In their earliest years, the people worshipped in the chapel of the adjacent St. Charles Seminary. Throughout its history, the church has been significantly influenced by the seminary, which trained the priests of the Missionaries of the Precious Blood and provided pastors for the church. As its membership grew, the parish decided to construct a church building. Plans were laid and construction began in 1875; the cornerstone was laid in May 1877, and the church was consecrated on June 30, 1878; the parishioners had performed", "id": "20255448" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Church (Monroe, Michigan)\n\n\nto come. St. Michael Church is located along the River Raisin on West Front Street in the city of Monroe, MI. The 183 foot steeple isn't hard to miss. When you come into Monroe you can easily see St. Michael's A tradition at St. Michael Church is the parish prayer. It is said before the beginning of every mass. It reads: \"Lord, God, we glorify Your holy name and thank you for calling us, the people of Saint Michael the Archangel Parish, to be one in", "id": "12346363" }, { "contents": "St Michael and All Angels Church, Barton Turf\n\n\nSt Michael and All Angels is the Church of England parish church of Barton Turf in the county of Norfolk in England. See Inside here. It stands about a kilometre south-west of the village in the midst of a plantation of trees. Particularly notable for its surviving paintings, the church is listed with Grade I. The building was at first constructed in rather an undistinguished Perpendicular style, possessing a tower at the west end of the church. The church is best known for the twelve panels of its late-Gothic rood", "id": "15249529" }, { "contents": "St Michael and All Angels' Church, Haworth\n\n\nSt Michael and All Angels' Church is the Church of England parish church of Haworth, West Yorkshire. The current structure, the third church building on the site, was built between 1879 and 1881 although parts of the original medieval church building, notably the tower, survive from earlier periods. The church is best known for its historic association with the Brontë sisters whose father Revd. Patrick Brontë served as minister of the parish between 1820 and 1861. A chapel has existed on the site since 1488, though records held at", "id": "17201346" }, { "contents": "St. Peter Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Peter Church (), is a Catholic parish church in Cleveland, Ohio and part of the Diocese of Cleveland. Founded in , it is located at the intersection of Superior Ave. near East 17th St., in the Downtown neighborhood. The church is a longstanding city landmark; George Francis Houck, then the Chancellor, wrote in 1903 that, \"One of the landmarks of the city and Diocese of Cleveland is St. Peter's Church.\" It is listed as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. It is also a named", "id": "13925952" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Church (Monroe, Michigan)\n\n\n. It was used as a church on the first floor and on the second it was used for the school. Later it would only be used as St. Michael School. Then in 1866 the cornerstone for the present church was laid. The large 187 foot steeple wasn't added until 1883. In 1874 the 3-story rectory was built east of the church. In 1918 the parish built the present building of St. Michael School which is now a part of Monroe Catholic Elementary Schools. The movement to establish the parish started in 1845", "id": "12346356" }, { "contents": "St. Casimir Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nRichard Gilmour for permission to form a new parish and build a church for their own use. In December 1891, Monsignor Felix Boff, V.G., administrator of the diocese, granted the required permission. Those parishioners left to form St. Casimir Church in 1891. The parish was founded in 1891 — about 44 years after the Diocese of Cleveland was erected by Pope Pius IX. In December, 1891, Boff appointed Father Benedict Rosinski, pastor of St. Adalbert's, Berea, Ohio, to take charge of the mission. On", "id": "12488231" }, { "contents": "St James' Church, Forest Gate\n\n\nSt James' Church, Forest Gate was a church in Forest Gate, east London. Its origins lay in an iron building constructed around 1870 to serve a conventional district. A parish was formed for it in 1881 from those of Emmanuel Church, All Saints and St John's and its permanent church completed the following year, with an organ moved from St Matthew's Church, Friday Street. The church was demolished in 1964 and for two years its congregation worshiped in the Durning Hall Community Centre's chapel until the parish was", "id": "17208906" }, { "contents": "North Presbyterian Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nNorth Presbyterian Church is a historic Presbyterian church on the east side of Cleveland, Ohio, United States. Constructed in the 1880s, the church building has been named a historic site. Throughout its history, the congregation has been focused on Sunday school work. North Presbyterian Church developed out of a mission Sunday school established in east-side Cleveland in 1859. The local presbytery organized a congregation out of the Sunday school in 1867, and within a short while, the new congregation formed the first of two mission Sunday schools in", "id": "19215693" }, { "contents": "St. Vitus's Church, Cleveland\n\n\nVitus to work on the interior. It was finished for the centennial celebration of the parish later that year. St. Vitus remains a strong parish, but Fr. Božnar works with Bishop Lennon's programs to cluster parishes in order to increase strength for inner-city parishes. The church building of St. Vitus itself is constructed in the Lombard-Roman style with pale yellow Falston brick. It is 141 feet long and 100 feet wide with an attached parish house on its west side. Its two Romanesque bell towers reach 110 feet", "id": "916027" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Michael (St. Michael, Minnesota)\n\n\nof the church came from Saint John's Abbey in Collegeville. In 1866 a new church was built in the center of the town and served for about 25 years. In 1890 the parish built a Gothic Revival building, which was the largest church in Wright County at the time. The building features ornate statues and German woodcarvings. Although the parish had a mostly German ethnicity for many years, since 1985 the number of families in the parish doubled, and it no longer appears to be an ethnic parish. In 2004 the", "id": "1327870" }, { "contents": "St. Thomas Church (Underhill, Vermont)\n\n\nSt. Thomas Church is a Roman Catholic church in the Town of Underhill, Vermont in the United States, located in the unincorporated village of \"Underhill Center\". The church was built from 1891-92 after its predecessor had burned down on 19 December 1890. The cornerstone for the current St. Thomas Church building was laid on 12 August 1891 at an event that had an estimated 1,000 attendees. Although the construction period spanned from 1 May 1891 until December 1892, the first Mass was nevertheless held in the basement of the church", "id": "6739395" }, { "contents": "St. William Parish (Lawncrest)\n\n\n1950s and 60's, saw many changes come to the physical plant of the Parish that reflected the housing boom of the area, the economic upswing of the times and the growing parish population. Many of the original \"Motley Buildings\" were completely replaced. The Middle School (Junior High/Upper School) building was built and later an additional floor was added. When consideration was had for the completion of the Upper Church, it was found that the basement church was not structurally sufficient to support additional construction. In 1955", "id": "10364503" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Michael the Archangel, Katowice\n\n\nChurch of St. Michael Archangel () is one of the oldest buildings in Katowice. It's located in Kościuszko Park, where it was moved in 1938 from the village Syrynia, where it was originally constructed in 1510. It is under the invocation of St. Michael. It has end-fitted log framework construction and shingled roof. Free-standing belltower was completed before 1679; it has historic lych-gate and wooden fence around the churchyard. The church of St. Michael Archangel was first built in 1305 in Syrynia, near", "id": "21359049" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Catholic Church (St. Patrick, Ohio)\n\n\n's was closely connected to many other churches in western Ohio: wide areas of western Ohio that were primarily settled by Catholics feature large churches at sparsely-populated crossroads. While most of these churches are constructed in the Gothic Revival style of architecture, some of the newer churches of the region — including St. Patrick's — appear in a variety of styles; St. Patrick's was one of the few that lacked the high steeples of the Gothic Revival structures. The leading role of these churches in western Shelby County and the lands", "id": "15760890" }, { "contents": "St Michael's Roman Catholic Church, Linlithgow\n\n\nchildren the congregation capitalised on the spirit of cooperation and community and set out to build a school. Located on a site next to the church St. Joseph's school was opened on 1 July 1889 and served the children of the parish until 1964 when new premises were occupied at Preston Road. Although during this time Fr Easson had replaced Fr Murphy as parish priest there was no change of emphasis and all the parish energies were engaged in the effort to complete the church building programme. Plans to double the size of the church were", "id": "17679127" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Delaware, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Mary's Catholic Church is a historic Catholic parish church in the city of Delaware, Ohio, United States. Constructed in the 1880s, this grand building is home to a congregation established in the middle of the nineteenth century. Its grand style has long made it a community landmark, and it was named a historic landmark in 1980. Delaware's first Masses were celebrated by travelling priests in the homes of the city's few Catholics, most of whom were Irish or German immigrants. The members built the first St. Mary", "id": "2642749" }, { "contents": "Church of the Resurrection (Rye, New York)\n\n\nin 1881 at the intersection of Purchase Street and the Boston Post Road, where services were then offered. The parish was incorporated on January 29, 1886, and title to the property was transferred from the archdiocese to the parish itself. A new church building was completed in 1889 on Purchase Street, while the former building was used as the rectory. Thereafter, construction of a parochial school on the Boston Post Road began in 1906 and was completed two years later. With the number of parishioners growing, the church purchased land", "id": "19300829" }, { "contents": "Near North Side, Chicago\n\n\n, most of this area was an enclave to the first emigrants from Puerto Rico to Chicago, who referred to it as part of \"La Clark\" until commercialization decorated late 1960s shop signs with the name of Old Town. The neighborhood is home to St. Michael's Church, originally built to serve German immigrants, and one of only 7 to survive the great Chicago fire. St. Michael's, Holy Name Cathedral, Immaculate Conception, and St. Joseph's Catholic churches all catered to Latinos with a Mass in Spanish. Many", "id": "1540930" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Massillon, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Mary's Catholic Church is a historic Catholic church building in the city of Massillon, Ohio, United States. Constructed in 1876 for a congregation composed largely of European immigrants, it has been named a historic site. The origins of St. Mary parish lie among numerous Germans and Irish who settled in Massillon in its early years and built a small house of worship on Cherry Road in the 1840s. This building stood until 1875, when it was destroyed so that the present church might occupy its location; it was built in", "id": "19205828" }, { "contents": "St. Anne Church (Berlin, New Hampshire)\n\n\nSt. Anne Church is a historic church at 58 Church Street in Berlin, New Hampshire, United States. It is the church for Good Shepherd Parish within the Roman Catholic Diocese of Manchester. St. Anne Parish was founded in 1867, and was Berlin's first Roman Catholic congregation. It was merged with Guardian Angel Parish, St. Joseph Parish, and St. Kieran Parish in 2000 to form Good Shepherd Parish. Its building, constructed in 1900, is an important local example of Romanesque architecture, and was listed on the National Register", "id": "2452362" }, { "contents": "St. Peter Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n, put up by Luhr, was torn down and replaced by a large pastoral residence adjoining the rear of the church, at a cost of $12,000. In the same year a third story was added to St. Peter's school building, and arranged for a parish hall, containing a stage and other conveniences, at a cost of $10,000. In the synod of January 3, 1889, St. Peter's congregation was the first mentioned among the nine principal churches of the diocese which Gilmour named as rectorates, with an", "id": "13925965" }, { "contents": "Trinity Cathedral (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nfirst church building built within the village limits of Cleveland. In 1846, to meet the needs of a growing parish, plans for a larger, centralized building just east of Public Square commenced. The congregation moved into the larger stone structure in the Gothic style on Superior Avenue in 1855. In 1890, Trinity Church was offered to Bishop William A. Leonard for use as a cathedral for the Diocese of Ohio. The congregation would maintain the building and it would serve dual roles as the parish church and cathedral for the diocese.", "id": "19215933" }, { "contents": "St. Andrew's Cathedral (Jackson, Mississippi)\n\n\nat the time that was not located along the Mississippi River. Its church was burned by the Union Army during the American Civil War in 1863. The cornerstone for the second church was laid by the Rt. Rev. William Mercer Green in 1869. By the turn of the Twentieth Century the congregation had outgrown its church building and the present structure was completed in 1903. The Parish House was constructed between 1923 and 1924. The congregation continued to grow and the building along West Street was built in 1955. The bishop moved his", "id": "20556538" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Evansville, Indiana)\n\n\nservice in the first church building was held on April 15, 1883. While construction ensued, a congregant and frequent benefactor, Charles Viele, offered the use of Viele Hall (located on 2nd street between Main and Sycamore streets) to St. Paul's parish. The cornerstone for new St. Paul's was laid on September 3, 1883, and construction completed on March 2, 1886 with Bishop D.B. Knickerbacker consecrating the new building. Charles and Mary Viele continued to sponsor further construction on the church grounds - first with a rectory", "id": "20407572" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Church (Monroe, Michigan)\n\n\nSaint Michael the Archangel Church (St. Michael Church) is located on the west side of the city of Monroe, Michigan along the River Raisin. It is home to 1,200 families and it is one of most important religious institutes in Monroe County. It was founded in the year 1852. The present building was built from 1866-1867. It is in the Archdiocese of Detroit. Its current priest is Rev. Phillip Ching. When the parish was first established, the mayor of Monroe palatial residence was remodeled as a temporary church", "id": "12346355" }, { "contents": "St. Mary Congregational Church\n\n\nSt. Mary Congregational Church in Abbeville, Louisiana is the oldest incorporated, predominantly African-American church in Vermilion Parish. Its historic Gothic Revival style church at 213 S. Louisiana Avenue, constructed in 1905 to replace a previous building, was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1999. American Missionary Association records show the congregation dates to at least 1877. The structure is a three-bay, gable-fronted church with a prominent corner tower. The tower is three-stage and square. The church is currently non", "id": "17676536" }, { "contents": "St. Charles of the Valley Catholic Church and Rectory\n\n\nSt. Charles Borromeo Church is a Catholic parish in Hailey, Idaho, in the Diocese of Boise. Its historic parish church and rectory complex, located at Pine and S. 1st Streets, is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Fr. E.M. Nattini began ministering in the Wood River Valley in the 1880s. The population was growing rapidly, and he was soon able to raise funds for the construction of the first church of St. Charles, which began June 17, 1883. It was the first Catholic church ineast of", "id": "20581174" }, { "contents": "Sacred Heart Catholic Church (Dayton, Ohio)\n\n\nprompted some of the members to leave in July 1883 and establish Sacred Heart Church; under the leadership of St. Joseph's associate pastor Hugh McDevitt, the congregation rented a meeting hall while waiting for the construction of their building. Land for the present church was purchased for $19,000, and William Henry Elder laid the cornerstone in June 1888. Exterior work was completed in the following year, and by 1893 construction was close enough to completion that the congregation could begin worshipping in their building. The building was consecrated by Bishop Maes", "id": "22206155" }, { "contents": "St. Vincent de Paul Church (Pontiac, Michigan)\n\n\n. The church continued to grow, and in the 1880s, the Reverend Fridolin Baumgartner began raising funds for the construction of the present church. The congregation hired the Detroit architecture firm of Donaldson & Meier to design the church, and the cornerstone was laid on September 6, 1885. The church was dedicated two years later, on September 18, 1887. A 6600-pound bell was installed in the church in 1890. A rectory was constructed in 1895, a school building was added in 1897, and a parish hall in 1911", "id": "19268922" }, { "contents": "St. Boniface Roman Catholic Church\n\n\npopulation on the west side. In 1873, a two-story, red brick Italianate rectory building was built for the parish at a cost of $6,000. A stone church building was planned by the prominent local architect William M. Scott, and construction was completed in 1883 at a cost of $30,000. The parish was closed in 1989, and the building was demolished a few years later. St. Boniface Church was an eclectic example of Romanesque Revival and Ruskinian Gothic architecture. It was built in a cruciform shape from red", "id": "9736494" } ]

[ { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nchurch congregation reached its peak size in the 1950, when only 25% of the parishioners were of German descent. The first Spanish Mass was said in 1971 for the growing number of Hispanic parishioners. The congregation now is mostly Latin American. The church now offers Masses in both English and Spanish. An annual Good Friday Procession begins or ends at St. Michael's. St Michael's and La Sagrada Familia church alternate every year to begin or end at one of the two churches. There is a stop at St Patrick's", "id": "19125747" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nwhile the new building was under construction. The current church, which had its cornerstone laid in 1889, was completed five years ahead of schedule in 1892. The church building is considered a good example of High Victorian Gothic architecture with its two towers of unequal height, the taller of which rises , and three archways. An architecturally notable school adjacent to the church began construction in 1906 and was completed in 1907. For many years the church was one of the most costly and artistically notable churches in the Cleveland Diocese. The", "id": "19125746" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Michael the Archangel is a Roman Catholic church located at 3114 Scranton Road in the Clark-Fulton neighborhood on the west side of Cleveland, Ohio. The church is named in honor of St. Michael the Archangel and was completed in 1892. The congregation was founded in 1881 as a mission of Ohio City, Cleveland's St. Mary's on-the-Flats to serve a growing German immigrant population on Cleveland's west side. The original church and school building were constructed in 1883 but burned on June 29, 1891,", "id": "19125745" }, { "contents": "St. John's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n's. Trinity Cathedral is now the seat of the Episcopal Diocese of Ohio. St. John's was also the mother church to several of the west side parishes. In 1837, the Ohio City Directory described the church as follows, \"The Episcopal Church, which is not yet finished, is built of hammered stone, and has a lofty steeple. Its style of architecture is Gothic, resembling that of the ancient and venerable Cathedral. This building, when finished, will be one of the best of the kind in the", "id": "18742416" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cincinnati, Ohio)\n\n\n1847. The cornerstone was laid August 1, 1847 and the church dedicated June 4, 1848. Rev. Fr. Zoppoth was selected as the first pastor for the congregation. In 1868 St. Michael Church became the mother parish to St. Lawrence Church which was organized that same year. The Comboni Missionaries took charge of the parish in 1964. By this time many of the German-speaking families in the parish had begun to move to other parts of the city. In a mass celebrated by Daniel Edward Pilarczyk the church building was", "id": "11338583" }, { "contents": "St. Columba Cathedral (Youngstown, Ohio)\n\n\nThe first Mass celebrated in Youngstown occurred in 1826. St. Columba Parish was founded in 1847, the year that Pope Pius IX established the Diocese of Cleveland, of which Youngstown was a part. The first church was completed in 1850. As the parish grew, it required a larger church, which it completed in 1868. The first parish school building was opened three years later. The parish continued to grow and constructed yet another church which opened in 1897. Bishop Ignatius Horstmann consecrated the sanctuary in 1903. The parish added", "id": "13619245" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Stephen Church is a Roman Catholic church located in the Detroit-Shoreway neighborhood on the west side of Cleveland, Ohio. The gothic style building was designed by architects Cudell & Richardson. The current church was built in 1875 and was added into the National Register of Historic Places in 1977. St. Stephen Roman Catholic Church was founded in 1869 due to a need for a second German parish on the west side of Cleveland. The first German parish, St. Mary's, increased so much that Cleveland was in need of a", "id": "19215917" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cincinnati, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Michael the Archangel Church is a Roman Catholic church located at 2110 St. Michael Street, in Cincinnati, Ohio. The cornerstone of this church was laid in 1847 and the church dedicated a year later. The church closed April 5, 1998. As the tide of German immigrants continued to rise in Cincinnati, more churches were needed. Holy Trinity Church was the first German speaking parish. As the city grew in three directions; north, east and west; there were three parishes which descended from that parish Old St. Mary", "id": "11338581" }, { "contents": "St. John's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. John's Episcopal Church is located at 2600 Church Avenue in the Ohio City neighborhood of Cleveland, Ohio. St. John's is the oldest consecrated building in Cuyahoga county. This stone gothic revival church building was designed by Hezekiah Eldredge and built beginning in 1836 and was completed 1838. Eldridge was probably familiar with John Henry Hopkins' \"An Essay on Gothic Architecture\", the first book on Gothic ecclesiastical architecture to be published in the United States. St. John's is a good representative of a small group of American churches", "id": "18742414" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland Heights, Ohio)\n\n\nFairmount Blvd, it is a contributing property in the Fairmount Boulevard District, which is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. St. Paul's was first established in the city of Cleveland, Ohio on October 26, 1846. The congregation did not have its own building until 1851, as a frame building completed in 1849 burned completely. A small brick church in the Gothic Revival style was completed for the parish at Euclid and Sheriff (East 4th) Streets by 1858. St. Paul's congregation outgrew the church, however", "id": "18644038" }, { "contents": "Irvington, Baltimore\n\n\nPassion\", marking the beginning of St. Joseph's Monastery Parish. Construction of a new, larger church began in 1881 and was completed in 1883. Its cornerstone was placed by Cardinal James Gibbons. The original monastery, beside the church, burned down in 1883. A new monastery was completed in 1886. The monastery chapel is extant and contains an 1887 Niemann pipe organ. The congregation of St. Joseph's Monastery Parish outgrew their church building in the following century. In 1931, Archbishop Michael Joseph Curley placed the cornerstone for", "id": "5906170" }, { "contents": "St. Theodosius Russian Orthodox Cathedral\n\n\nSt. Theodosius Cathedral is an Orthodox church located on Starkweather Avenue in the Tremont neighborhood, on the near west side of Cleveland, Ohio. It is considered one of the best examples of Russian church architecture in the U.S. and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The parish is the first Orthodox parish in Cleveland and is currently under the jurisdiction of the Diocese of the Midwest of the Orthodox Church in America. St. Theodosius is perhaps best known for its appearance in the 1978 film, \"The Deer Hunter\" with", "id": "13141384" }, { "contents": "St. Casimir Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nBoth the church building and the school building are GNIS named features. The church building is listed as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. To provide properly for the large and steadily increasing number of Poles in the north-eastern part of Cleveland it was necessary to organize them into the third Polish congregation within the limits of the city. They lived too far away from St. Stanislaus Church, with which they had been affiliated, for them to conveniently either attend Mass or for their children to attend the parish school. They therefore petitioned Bishop", "id": "12488230" }, { "contents": "St. Henry's Catholic Church (Harriettsville, Ohio)\n\n\nChurch in Fulda in order to hear Mass. Virtually all of the members in the early decades were Germans or of German descent. A parish school was formed in the late 1870s, and in its first twenty years, the parish grew fourfold in membership. This growth caused the original church building to be too small: land for a new building was purchased in 1879, and construction finished in 1894. St. Henry's Church is a stone building in the Gothic Revival style; the most prominent component is a multi-story tower", "id": "19205430" }, { "contents": "St. Michael's Church, Old Town, Chicago\n\n\nSt. Michael's Church in the Old Town neighborhood of Chicago is a Roman Catholic church staffed by the Redemptorist order of priests. The parish was founded to minister to German Catholic immigrants in 1852 with its first wooden church completed that year at a cost of $750 (including the bell). The building stands at the intersection of Eugenie Street and Cleveland Avenue. The church was built as a haven for German immigrants who were outcasts in Old Chicago. In addition, the town's main church, St. Joseph's Church,", "id": "10838314" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cincinnati, Ohio)\n\n\n's Church, St. Philomena's Church and St. Joseph's Church. The three parishes were founded in 1840, 1846 and 1846 respectively. As more immigration followed, St. Michael's was founded, the first filial parish of St. Joseph. The parish was located to what was then called Storrs Township. Forty-five persons organized themselves into a congregation in the early part of 1847 and drew up a constitution for the church A lot was donated by Innocent Troenle and two additional adjacent pieces of property were bought in April and May", "id": "11338582" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Michael and St. Anthony\n\n\ntoday to mostly Poles and Italians. The church has also been noted for its Byzantine Revival architecture, complete with a dome and minaret-styled tower, making it \"one of the more unique examples of church architecture in Montréal.\" Construction on the Church of St. Michael the Archangel began in 1914, for what would grow to become the largest anglophone parish in Montreal. After a brief delay following the commencement of World War I, the church was completed in 1915 at a cost of $232,000, with a capacity of", "id": "10850773" }, { "contents": "Zion Lutheran Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nother Cleveland-area Lutheran congregations, including Trinity Lutheran Church, are Zion's daughters. The original church building was located downtown, but the east-side German community was strong enough by 1902 that the congregation deemed Prospect Avenue a better location for serving the community. From its earliest years, the congregation had sponsored a school; Zion Lutheran School was founded in 1848, at which time all scholars were instructed in German. The school moved to Prospect Avenue ahead of the church; the present building was completed in 1903,", "id": "19215937" }, { "contents": "St. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\non their behalf with papal authorities, and Charles Boehm of Hungary settled in Cleveland in late 1892 to serve the new St. Elizabeth parish, the first Hungarian nationality parish in America. Boehm immediately began registering members and advocating for the construction of a church complex; the first church building, a brick structure, was erected by the end of 1893, a school soon followed, and a larger school was completed in 1900 because of expanded enrollment. He also began a Hungarian-language parish newspaper that soon gained subscribers in other parts", "id": "19215854" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church, Madison\n\n\ndying Catholics (he was a doctor as well). Costigan is believed to have been the Catholic architect of the church. Costigan was only recorded as being a member of the parish during the construction, but details of the church building mirror his other buildings in Madison. In December 1839 St. Michael the Archangel Catholic Church was completed. As the City of Madison grew, so did its Catholic population. German–Catholics had increased highly in numbers and had formed a separate congregation within St. Michael's. In 1850, the", "id": "2385658" }, { "contents": "Pilgrim Congregational Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nonly a short time, as construction on the present building was started just 23 years after the first building was finished. The name \"Pilgrim Congregational Church\" was adopted in 1894 upon the completion of the present building; they had been styled \"Heights Congregational Church\" into the 1870s and used the name \"Jennings Avenue Congregational Church\" in the 1880s. The building was a community landmark from its earliest years — electric wiring was included in the original construction at a time when no other Cleveland buildings west of the Cuyahoga River", "id": "19215839" }, { "contents": "St. Monica Church (Manhattan)\n\n\nin 1880 he began conducting Mass over a feed store at 404 East 78th Street. The following year, he purchased land for the construction of the church and school. Construction of the first church building was completed in 1883. In 1892, the address was listed as 409 E 79th Street. The Rev. John J. Boyle served as acting rector at St. Monica's before becoming the founding pastor of St. Luke's Church (Bronx, New York). The current Gothic Revival church building was erected in 1906 to the designs of", "id": "18565781" }, { "contents": "Annunciation Church (historic) (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nAnnunciation Church (historic) (), was a Catholic parish church in Cleveland, Ohio and part of the Diocese of Cleveland. It was located at the intersection of Hurd St. and Moore St., now part of the West Side Market parking lot, in the Ohio City neighborhood. The location where the church once stood can be found, in an 1881 atlas, at the south-west corner of Hurd St. and Moore St., on the west bank of the Cuyahoga river above part of the Flats historically known as Ox", "id": "14549709" }, { "contents": "Sacred Heart of Jesus Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n. Between 1885 and 1889 a large number of Poles settled in South Cleveland, in the area of East 71st St. and Harvard Ave. They lived too far away from St. Stanislaus church for them to conveniently either attend Mass or for their children to attend the parish school. They petitioned Bishop Richard Gilmour for permission to form a new parish and build a church for their own use. The petition to form a new parish and build a church was granted, and the parish was founded in  — about 42 years after the Diocese", "id": "12287909" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland Heights, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Paul's Episcopal Church is a parish of the Episcopal Church in Cleveland Heights, Ohio. The current rector is the Rev. Jeanne Leinbach, installed on October 23, 2015. She is the first female rector of St. Paul's. Her predecessor was the Rev. Alan M. Gates, who served from 2004-2014, before his election as Bishop of Massachusetts. St. Paul's is a leading church and has the largest congregation in the Episcopal Diocese of Ohio. The church building is a Cleveland Heights landmark. Located at 2747", "id": "18644037" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nRev. Richard Gilmour. Volunteer German and Hungarian woodworkers completed the interior of the church. Over the next 40 years, the parish added a rectory, convent for the Sisters of Notre Dame and two school buildings including one for and an all girls two-year high school which opened in 1905. After World War II, St. Stephen's parish experienced unprecedented growth due to the population growth in Cleveland and throughout the country. On June 8, 1953 a tornado severely damaged the church structure. Work to restore the building began immediately", "id": "19215920" }, { "contents": "Cathedral of St. John the Evangelist (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nstyle and the Bishop laid the cornerstone October 22, 1848. Until the new building was completed in 1852, St. Mary's served as cathedral for the diocese. At the time of its completion, the new cathedral was the well beyond Cleveland's Public Square. Alterations and additions began on the church almost as soon as the initial construction was complete. In 1857, a boys' school was added and within ten years, it was joined by a parish hall and girls' school. In 1879, the parish raised sufficient", "id": "10656550" }, { "contents": "St. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nthe present building. Although the cornerstone was laid in 1918, the construction process was lengthy, and it was finally completed only in 1922. Built primarily of limestone, according to a design of Cleveland architect Emile Uhlrich, the church is an example of Italian-influenced Baroque Revival architecture, partly modelled after the church of Sant'Agnese in Agone in Rome. Two great towers, topped with cupolas, form the ends of the facade, while a great rose window sits in the middle section of the facade high above the main entrance", "id": "19215857" }, { "contents": "St. Nicholas' Catholic Church (Osgood, Ohio)\n\n\nnearby villages; St. Augustine's Church in Minster and St. Michael's Church in Fort Loramie were established by 1850, but the foundations of a parish in Osgood were not laid until 1904, and formal establishment of the parish came in 1906. In its earliest years, the Mass was celebrated in common buildings; after worshipping for a time in a school, the parishioners purchased a barn for ecclesiastical purposes. For many years, the improvement of the parish's facilities was hindered by its size; the fewness of its members meant", "id": "421917" }, { "contents": "Union–Miles Park\n\n\na congregation for African Americans, was founded 1914, and erected its first church building and school in 1916 at what is now Union Avenue and Martin Luther King Drive. The congregation that formed Archangel Michael Orthodox Church ( St. Michael's Orthodox Church) split from St. John the Baptist Orthodox Church in 1921. It began construction of its new church home at 10000 Union Avenue in April 1924, completing the structure in 1926. Although the long-standing Cataract House closed in 1917, the first Union–Miles Park movie theater,", "id": "20793486" }, { "contents": "St. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church is a historic Roman Catholic church in the Buckeye Road neighborhood on the east side of Cleveland, Ohio, United States. The earliest ethnic parish established for Hungarians in the United States, its present building was constructed in the early twentieth century, and it has been named a historic site. Cleveland's first Hungarian Catholics initially worshipped at St. Ladislaus' Church, an east-side Slovakian parish, but ethnic strife and increasing immigration prompted the Hungarian community to seek their own parish. Bishop Horstmann interceded", "id": "19215853" }, { "contents": "Sacred Heart of Jesus Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSacred Heart of Jesus (), was a Catholic parish church in Cleveland, Ohio and part of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland. It was located at the north-west corner of intersection of East 71st St. and Kazimier St., in a part of the South Broadway neighborhood previously known in Polish as \"\" and nicknamed \"Goosetown\". Both the church building and the school building are GNIS named features. The church, school, and rectory buildings are listed together as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. The church was closed", "id": "12287908" }, { "contents": "St. Mary Mother of the Redeemer Church (Norwalk, Ohio)\n\n\nSaint Mary Mother of the Redeemer Church is a parish in the Roman Catholic Diocese of Toledo. The current church is located at 38 W. League Street, Norwalk, Ohio. Construction on the building began on May 29, 1889, and was completed in 1894. The church was previously twinned with St. Alphonsus in Peru, Ohio, but was later twinned with St. Anthony in Milan, Ohio, after a mass restructuring of the diocese. The Century House was a name given to several buildings, now all demolished, within the", "id": "21671394" }, { "contents": "Pilgrim Congregational Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nPilgrim Congregational Church is a historic congregation of the United Church of Christ in Cleveland, Ohio, United States. Constructed in the 1890s for a congregation founded in the 1850s, it was named a historic site in the 1970s. Congregationalists began operating a Sunday school in Cleveland's Tremont neighborhood in 1854, and their efforts resulted in the creation of a church five years later. The members began construction of their first church building in 1865, although it was not completed until 1870. It was suitable for the congregation's needs for", "id": "19215838" }, { "contents": "Sidney Mason Stone\n\n\n; St. Patrick's Church, New Haven (1853) constructed of East Haven sandstone;First Congregational Church, Naugatuck, CT (1855) and Wooster Place Congregational Church, Wooster Square, New Haven (1855) (now the Church of St. Michael) the original design for which featured a Corinthian portico and tall steeple. In \"New Haven: A Guide to Architecture and Urban Design\", Brown remarks on St. Michael's, “The building has burned twice, the steeple blown down once...Only the side walls and tall", "id": "165241" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Dayton, Ohio)\n\n\ncentury, the parish had outgrown it, and construction began on a new building; Archbishop Moeller laid the cornerstone in July 1905 and consecrated it in November 1906. Growth continued, and St. Anthony's Church was established in 1913 by families coming out of St. Mary's. St. Mary's remains an active part of the Archdiocese of Cincinnati to the present day. Masses are celebrated both in English and in Spanish. The current St. Mary's Church is a Romanesque Revival structure built in a mix of brick and stone. Constructed", "id": "19205375" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Indianapolis, Indiana)\n\n\nuntil the Diocese of Indianapolis established Holy Rosary Catholic Church, an Italian national parish in Indianapolis in 1911. After the turn of the century, when the neighborhood become commercial, the parish purchased property at New Jersey and Vermont streets, where they built the present church, which was under construction from 1910 to 1912. St. Mary's adapted to its changing ethnic neighborhood over the years. In 1967, as the city's Spanish-speaking community began to grow, the parish began offering Sunday mass in Spanish. German-language", "id": "3660949" }, { "contents": "St. John's Catholic Church (Fryburg, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. John Catholic Church is a Roman Catholic church in the unincorporated community of Fryburg in Pusheta Township, Auglaize County, Ohio, United States. The parish was established in 1848, the same year in which the community was platted, and construction was completed in 1850. A Catholic school in connection with the church was established in 1877. Both buildings feature fine architecture: the church includes Gothic Revival elements such as ornate pilasters and lancet windows, while the former school is a good example of Federal architecture. St. John's is", "id": "11283325" }, { "contents": "St. Augustine Parish (Hartford, Connecticut)\n\n\nSt. Augustine Parish is a Roman Catholic parish located in Hartford, Connecticut. In addition to a church, the parish also administers a school, St. Augustine School. St. Augustine Parish was established in August 1902 with Fr. Michael Barry appointed as its first pastor. At that time, a church building had not yet been constructed so mass was offered at the Washington Street School until a basement chapel was completed in 1903. The current Romanesque-style church was completed in 1912 and dedicated by Bishop John J. Nilan of the then", "id": "21104070" }, { "contents": "Zion Lutheran Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nFirst Methodist, Trinity Cathedral, and St. Paul's Episcopal Church on Euclid Avenue. This condition persisted into the mid-1910s, at which point the neighborhood transitioned into a largely commercial area. Beginning after 1930, the neighborhood deteriorated as many buildings were demolished, often to create room for parking lots. In such an environment Zion Lutheran Church was constructed in 1902 and opened for public use in the following year. It is home to a congregation founded by German immigrants in 1843, the oldest extant Lutheran congregation in the city; many", "id": "19215936" }, { "contents": "Church of St Paul, Letchworth\n\n\nallow construction of the new church to begin, with the foundation stone being laid on 10 October 1923 by the Marchioness of Salisbury. Work on the first section of the building was completed including three and a half bays of the nave with arcades at the sides. This first section was consecrated by Michael Furse, the Bishop of St Albans on 3 May 1924. A tower was intended but was never built. By 1924 the church was becoming too small for its growing congregation and work on an extension began in early 1931,", "id": "1720772" }, { "contents": "Basilica of the Sacred Heart of Jesus, Syracuse\n\n\noriginal church was located across the street from the current structure. The first Mass in the new parish church was said on August 30, 1892, with the formal dedication taking place nearly a year later on June 11, 1893. The congregation outgrew the first church within a decade, and a decision was made to construct a new church. The foundations were built by parishioners in order to save money, and the cornerstone was laid in 1907. Work was completed in three years, and the church was completed and dedicated on", "id": "4119395" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n, side altars and pulpit are made entirely of oak wood and decorated with beautiful German woodcarvings. The church pews are also oak. A Mexican onyx and brass Communion rail was installed over the years and the floor of the sanctuary and aisles is made of black and white marble tiles. St. Stephen's is a fully active Roman Catholic Parish in the Diocese of Cleveland. This means that they have a full parish staff and church council. They have regular Sunday Masses as well as daily Masses. German Mass is offered every first", "id": "19215923" }, { "contents": "Roncesvalles, Toronto\n\n\nWomenpriests at the church. St. Casimir's Polish Roman Catholic Church at Garden Avenue, offers Polish masses on Sundays. Its origins begin in 1944 when the Oblate Mission decided to create the third Polish parish (and first in the west end) in Toronto. The lot on which the church stands today was purchased for $15,000 in 1948 and construction on the parish hall began the same year. The first mass was held in the church hall in 1949. The church was completed and officially began offering mass on May 23,", "id": "3040916" }, { "contents": "Rajavoor\n\n\nSt. Michael's Shrine which is located at the center part of Rajavoor. The annual feast starts on the first Friday of May with a flag hoisting followed by a ten-day Mass and adoration. The eighth, ninth and tenth days are marked with a car procession to St. Michael Archangel, carnival ended with High Mass in front of the Holy Cars. The Roman Catholics and parish are administered by the Kottar Diocese. Another notable church, Our Lady of Presentation (Kaanikkai Maathaa) Church is attached to the Rajavoor Parish as", "id": "4595849" }, { "contents": "Transfiguration Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nBaptist Church in the nearby suburb of Garfield Heights, Ohio, which had a large, new structure. In April 1943, Trinity Baptist Church sold its building to the Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland for $35,000 ($ in dollars). The Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland erected Transfiguration Parish on July 30, 1943. The parish was divided from nearby Immaculate Heart of Mary Church and Shrine Church of St. Stanislaus parishes. Reverend Joseph F. Zabawa was named the pastor of the new congregation, which took up residence in the Trinity", "id": "20542089" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Augustine (Larchmont, New York)\n\n\nThe Church of St. Augustine is a Roman Catholic church located in Larchmont, New York. The parish having been founded in 1892, the present Gothic Revival church building was constructed in 1928. With a growing number of Catholics living in Larchmont, New York—many of them domestic servants who attended Blessed Sacrament Church in New Rochelle or Most Holy Trinity Church in Mamaroneck—the Archbishop of New York, Michael Corrigan, created the parish of St. Augustine was created in 1892. The decision to establish a parish was motivated in part", "id": "19300736" }, { "contents": "St. Barbara Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Barbara Catholic Church () is a parish of the Roman Catholic Church in Cleveland, Ohio, within the Diocese of Cleveland. The parish church is located on Denison Ave. between West 16th St. and the southbound entrance to SR 176, in a part of the Brooklyn Centre neighborhood previously known in Polish as . The red brick parish church, designed by H.C. Gabele, is a local landmark. It is a GNIS named feature. The church, rectory and convent buildings are listed together as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. The", "id": "13695356" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\ntwo years the parishioners worshipped in a hotel before constructing a building at Fourth and Euclid downtown. A fire destroyed the structure before it was completed, but people throughout the city contributed funds to build a brick replacement in 1851. By the 1870s, the streets surrounding the church had become primarily commercial, so the vestry sold the building and rented halls while building the present church eastward on Euclid Avenue. Its placement amid the wealthy Millionaire's Row district soon caused it to become a symbol of the neighborhood. However, the membership", "id": "19215901" }, { "contents": "St Michael the Archangel Church, Chatham\n\n\nHeart Church in Luton. St Paulinus Church was built in 1788 as a Wesleyan Chapel. In 1892, it was bought by the local Catholic Church. Sacred Heart Church was built in 1949. On 26 June 1949, its foundation stone was laid by the parish priest of St Michael's Church. St Paulinus Church has one Sunday Mass at 9:00am. Sacred Heart Church also has one Sunday Mass, it is at 10:30am. St Michael's Church has four Sunday Masses: 6:30pm on Saturday and 9:30am, 11:00am and 6:00pm on", "id": "19228802" }, { "contents": "St Michael and All Angels Church, Kingaroy\n\n\n's construction. Architect Colin Deighton, who was assistant to John Hingeston Buckeridge, the Anglican Diocese of Brisbane Architect between 1887 and 1901, designed the church. Deighton designed a number of country churches and St Colomb's Anglican Church at Clayfield in Brisbane. The foundation stone of St Michael and All Angels Church was laid on 10 November 1910 by the Venerable Arthur Rivers, Archdeacon of Toowoomba. Construction of the building, which was to seat 250 worshippers, began in December 1910 and was completed in 1911. Its cost, including", "id": "3972006" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Catholic Church (Chicago)\n\n\nSt. Michael () is a church of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Chicago. The current church is located at E. 83rd Street and S. South Shore Drive in South Chicago, a neighborhood of Chicago, Illinois. It is a prime example of the so-called \"Polish Cathedral style\" of churches in both its opulence and grand scale. Along with Immaculate Conception, it is one of the two monumental Polish churches dominating over the South Chicago neighborhood. Founded in 1892 as a Polish parish in Chicago to relieve overcrowding at Immaculate", "id": "20616064" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nof St. Stephen's for 38 years. In 1873, Fr. Reichlin realized that a new church building was needed to accommodate the growing parish. The Cleveland-based architect firm called Cudell & Richardson was hired to build the structure that still stands today as St. Stephen's Roman Catholic Church. Due to economic depression in the mid-1870s, work on the new building was stopped. Parishioners mortgaged their own properties to raise funds for the new church. It was dedicated on November 20, 1881 by the second bishop of Cleveland,", "id": "19215919" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church, Madison\n\n\n1992, the parishes of St. Mary's and St. Michael's became one community of faith, with one priest, Father John Meyer, and two church buildings. Saturday night mass was held at St. Michael's for St. Michael's ‘parishioners,’ and on Sunday morning, mass was held at St. Mary's. In 1993, the area's two other Catholic Churches (St. Patrick's and St. Anthony's) were merged with St. Mary's-St. Michael's as well. St. Michael's had extensive roof damage", "id": "2385663" }, { "contents": "St. Michael's Church, Hildesheim\n\n\nin 1010 and dedicated the still unfinished building to Michael on the archangel's feast day, 29 September 1022, just a few weeks before his death. Construction, however, continued under his successor, Bishop Godehard (died 1038), who completed the work in 1031 and reconsecrated the church to Michael on September 29 of that year. The church has double choirs east and west, double tripartite transepts at either end of the nave, and six towers----two large ones over the crossings east and west, and four other tall and", "id": "721679" }, { "contents": "St. Augustine's Catholic Church (Napoleon, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Augustine's Catholic Church is a historic church in Napoleon, Ohio, United States. Located on the edge of the city's downtown, two blocks away from the Henry County Courthouse, the church is a prominent landmark in Napoleon. St. Augustine Parish was founded at some point between 1856 and 1858; its first priest was Michael Pietz. The parish was dedicated to St. Augustine in honor of Augustine Pilliod, who supervised the construction of its first building. This structure was replaced with the current church, which was built at", "id": "13450149" }, { "contents": "Saint Patrick's Church (Dubuque, Iowa)\n\n\nMcCabe was assigned as the first resident pastor. The cornerstone of the present brick church was laid in 1877, and the building dedicated on August 15, 1878. In 1928, the Rev. J.J. Hanley remodeled and enlarged the church. St. Patrick Church was originally built for service to the Irish settlers of Dubuque and while the parish has maintained a healthy respect for its Irish heritage over its many years of service, the parish now specializes in service to the Hispanic residents of Dubuque. The parish offers a Spanish Mass on Sundays,", "id": "20590874" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nsecond parish for German-speaking Catholics. In April 1869 the first bishop of Cleveland, Bishop Louis Amadeus Rappe, appointed Fr. Stephen Falk to have a two-story building built. The building would be used as a church on the upper level and a school on the lower level to accommodate the 200 families from St. Mary's that lived west of 44th Street. The newly ordained Fr. Casimir Reichlin became the first pastor and said the first Mass of the parish on May 1, 1870. He served as pastor", "id": "19215918" }, { "contents": "Immaculate Conception Catholic Church (Fulda, Ohio)\n\n\n. Construction began on a small church building under the ministry of the priest from Miltonsburg, and Archbishop Purcell of Cincinnati dedicated it in 1853. Ten years later, the parishioners constructed a parish school, and a rectory followed in 1866; its large size and pretentious architecture resulted in a high construction cost of $2,500. By this time, the original church building had become entirely inadequate for the needs of the congregation, and replacement plans were laid; the cornerstone was laid in May 1874, and Bishop Rosecrans of Columbus dedicated", "id": "19205436" }, { "contents": "St. Vitus's Church, Cleveland\n\n\nSt. Vitus is a parish of the Roman Catholic Church in Cleveland, Ohio, United States, in the Diocese of Cleveland. The parish church, located at 6019 Lausche Avenue in the St. Clair-Superior neighborhood, was completed in 1932. The first documented Slovenian to settle in the Cleveland area was Joseph Turk, who came about 1883, most likely from Carniola, and settled on Marble Avenue, near the steel mills. He helped organize the Catholic Slovenes in Cleveland, and requested that Bishop Richard Gilmour of Cleveland appoint a", "id": "916020" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Catholic Church (St. Patrick, Ohio)\n\n\nrectory in 1919 to house its pastor; before its construction, St. Patrick's was served by priests from St. Michael's Church in Fort Loramie to the southwest. In 1977, the church and rectory were recorded by the Ohio Historic Inventory for the purpose of historic preservation; both buildings were ranked in good condition without any significant risks. Two years later, they were listed together on the National Register of Historic Places, along with over thirty other buildings in the Land of the Cross-Tipped Churches. When these churches were", "id": "15760892" }, { "contents": "Cathedral of St Michael and St John\n\n\n. In that year work commenced on a permanent church building located on the corner of George and Keppel Streets. St Michael's Church was a Victorian Gothic style building constructed in brick. It was in use by 1841 but appears not to have been completed until 1846 when leadlight windows were installed. Bishop John Bede Polding (1794-1877), first Catholic Archbishop of Sydney, was interested in fostering the English Gothic style of architecture in his diocese. He arranged for plans for significant churches to be prepared by English architects including", "id": "17452035" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Cathedral, Thunder Bay\n\n\n. From there, St. Patrick's Church was one of many churches that was missioned to the First Nations in Northern Ontario, as well as St. Andrew's Church, which was handed over to the diocese in 1997. St. Patrick's was built in 1892, the same year as Thunder Bay was incorporated as a town. The foundation stone was laid on 10 October 1891, and the first Mass was celebrated on 21 August 1892. The Jesuit parish priests made plans for the construction of an elementary school later that decade.", "id": "14488629" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Catholic Church (Toledo, Ohio)\n\n\nfor use in a new building. Fr. Edward Hannin, pastor of St. Patrick's, set out to create \"the finest church in this part of the land,\" for his congregation and began to raise money for construction. When it was completed, St. Patrick's was considered one of the finest examples of Gothic Revival architecture in the United States. The exterior is constructed of Amherst blue sandstone and the interior contains ten red granite columns. The church was dedicated on April 13, 1901. The church underwent extensive", "id": "9145471" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Dayton, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Mary's Catholic Church is a historic Catholic church building in an eastern neighborhood of Dayton, Ohio, United States. Constructed at the beginning of the twentieth century, it remains home to an active parish. Its grand architecture has made it an aviator's landmark, and it has been named a historic site by the federal government. Emanuel Church, the first Catholic parish in Dayton, was formed in 1837. Many English-speaking families left to form a separate parish in 1846, but Emanuel continued growing to the point", "id": "19205373" }, { "contents": "Church of St. James the Less\n\n\nmission. Weekly celebration of Mass resumed on Sundays at 5:00 pm. The breakaway congregation now meets at the Holy Cross Catholic church and is known as the Church of Saint Michael the Archangel. During the controversy, the parish school closed circa 2006. As part of its mandate, Saint Mark's Church began a fundraising effort to open a new parish school to serve this local community. In 2009 and 2010, the St. Mark's congregation (together with St. Francis Episcopal Church in Potomac, Maryland) sponsored Vacation Bible School at", "id": "12322466" }, { "contents": "St. John's Evangelical Lutheran Church (Springfield, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. John's Evangelical Lutheran Church is a historic Lutheran church in downtown Springfield, Ohio, United States. Founded as a German-speaking parish in Springfield's early days, it grew rapidly during its first few decades, and its present large church building was constructed in the 1890s under the direction of one of Springfield's leading architects. The congregation remains in the landmark church building, which has been named a historic site. Springfield's first Lutheran congregation was organized in May 1841, and a separate group of German Lutherans began", "id": "18832000" }, { "contents": "St Michael and St John Church, Clitheroe\n\n\nGrade II listed building. In September 2008, the Jesuits handed the church over to the Diocese of Salford who continue to serve the parish. Two years later, the parish merged with St Mary Queen of Peace Church in Sabden to form the parish of Our Lady of the Valley. St Mary's was built in 1877 and it was made into a parish in 1909, so that the parishioners did not have to travel the sizeable distance to attend Mass in Clitheroe. The parish has two Sunday Masses at St Michael and St", "id": "5090732" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n. St. Paul's church building is one of just six Gothic Revival churches built in Cleveland during the 1870s that survived into the 1980s. At one time considered Cleveland's grandest and largest church, it is distinguished by the unusual architecture of the peak of the bell tower, and the open interior features extensive detailing, along with seating for one thousand worshippers. Covered with sandstone from Berea, the building was a work of Gordon W. Lloyd, a Detroit architect who also produced grand churches in Ohio cities of various sizes, ranging", "id": "19215903" }, { "contents": "St. Aloysius' Catholic Church (Carthagena, Ohio)\n\n\nerected in 1865. In their earliest years, the people worshipped in the chapel of the adjacent St. Charles Seminary. Throughout its history, the church has been significantly influenced by the seminary, which trained the priests of the Missionaries of the Precious Blood and provided pastors for the church. As its membership grew, the parish decided to construct a church building. Plans were laid and construction began in 1875; the cornerstone was laid in May 1877, and the church was consecrated on June 30, 1878; the parishioners had performed", "id": "20255448" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Church (Monroe, Michigan)\n\n\nto come. St. Michael Church is located along the River Raisin on West Front Street in the city of Monroe, MI. The 183 foot steeple isn't hard to miss. When you come into Monroe you can easily see St. Michael's A tradition at St. Michael Church is the parish prayer. It is said before the beginning of every mass. It reads: \"Lord, God, we glorify Your holy name and thank you for calling us, the people of Saint Michael the Archangel Parish, to be one in", "id": "12346363" }, { "contents": "St Michael and All Angels Church, Barton Turf\n\n\nSt Michael and All Angels is the Church of England parish church of Barton Turf in the county of Norfolk in England. See Inside here. It stands about a kilometre south-west of the village in the midst of a plantation of trees. Particularly notable for its surviving paintings, the church is listed with Grade I. The building was at first constructed in rather an undistinguished Perpendicular style, possessing a tower at the west end of the church. The church is best known for the twelve panels of its late-Gothic rood", "id": "15249529" }, { "contents": "St Michael and All Angels' Church, Haworth\n\n\nSt Michael and All Angels' Church is the Church of England parish church of Haworth, West Yorkshire. The current structure, the third church building on the site, was built between 1879 and 1881 although parts of the original medieval church building, notably the tower, survive from earlier periods. The church is best known for its historic association with the Brontë sisters whose father Revd. Patrick Brontë served as minister of the parish between 1820 and 1861. A chapel has existed on the site since 1488, though records held at", "id": "17201346" }, { "contents": "St. Peter Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Peter Church (), is a Catholic parish church in Cleveland, Ohio and part of the Diocese of Cleveland. Founded in , it is located at the intersection of Superior Ave. near East 17th St., in the Downtown neighborhood. The church is a longstanding city landmark; George Francis Houck, then the Chancellor, wrote in 1903 that, \"One of the landmarks of the city and Diocese of Cleveland is St. Peter's Church.\" It is listed as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. It is also a named", "id": "13925952" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Church (Monroe, Michigan)\n\n\n. It was used as a church on the first floor and on the second it was used for the school. Later it would only be used as St. Michael School. Then in 1866 the cornerstone for the present church was laid. The large 187 foot steeple wasn't added until 1883. In 1874 the 3-story rectory was built east of the church. In 1918 the parish built the present building of St. Michael School which is now a part of Monroe Catholic Elementary Schools. The movement to establish the parish started in 1845", "id": "12346356" }, { "contents": "St. Casimir Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nRichard Gilmour for permission to form a new parish and build a church for their own use. In December 1891, Monsignor Felix Boff, V.G., administrator of the diocese, granted the required permission. Those parishioners left to form St. Casimir Church in 1891. The parish was founded in 1891 — about 44 years after the Diocese of Cleveland was erected by Pope Pius IX. In December, 1891, Boff appointed Father Benedict Rosinski, pastor of St. Adalbert's, Berea, Ohio, to take charge of the mission. On", "id": "12488231" }, { "contents": "St James' Church, Forest Gate\n\n\nSt James' Church, Forest Gate was a church in Forest Gate, east London. Its origins lay in an iron building constructed around 1870 to serve a conventional district. A parish was formed for it in 1881 from those of Emmanuel Church, All Saints and St John's and its permanent church completed the following year, with an organ moved from St Matthew's Church, Friday Street. The church was demolished in 1964 and for two years its congregation worshiped in the Durning Hall Community Centre's chapel until the parish was", "id": "17208906" }, { "contents": "North Presbyterian Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nNorth Presbyterian Church is a historic Presbyterian church on the east side of Cleveland, Ohio, United States. Constructed in the 1880s, the church building has been named a historic site. Throughout its history, the congregation has been focused on Sunday school work. North Presbyterian Church developed out of a mission Sunday school established in east-side Cleveland in 1859. The local presbytery organized a congregation out of the Sunday school in 1867, and within a short while, the new congregation formed the first of two mission Sunday schools in", "id": "19215693" }, { "contents": "St. Vitus's Church, Cleveland\n\n\nVitus to work on the interior. It was finished for the centennial celebration of the parish later that year. St. Vitus remains a strong parish, but Fr. Božnar works with Bishop Lennon's programs to cluster parishes in order to increase strength for inner-city parishes. The church building of St. Vitus itself is constructed in the Lombard-Roman style with pale yellow Falston brick. It is 141 feet long and 100 feet wide with an attached parish house on its west side. Its two Romanesque bell towers reach 110 feet", "id": "916027" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Michael (St. Michael, Minnesota)\n\n\nof the church came from Saint John's Abbey in Collegeville. In 1866 a new church was built in the center of the town and served for about 25 years. In 1890 the parish built a Gothic Revival building, which was the largest church in Wright County at the time. The building features ornate statues and German woodcarvings. Although the parish had a mostly German ethnicity for many years, since 1985 the number of families in the parish doubled, and it no longer appears to be an ethnic parish. In 2004 the", "id": "1327870" }, { "contents": "St. Thomas Church (Underhill, Vermont)\n\n\nSt. Thomas Church is a Roman Catholic church in the Town of Underhill, Vermont in the United States, located in the unincorporated village of \"Underhill Center\". The church was built from 1891-92 after its predecessor had burned down on 19 December 1890. The cornerstone for the current St. Thomas Church building was laid on 12 August 1891 at an event that had an estimated 1,000 attendees. Although the construction period spanned from 1 May 1891 until December 1892, the first Mass was nevertheless held in the basement of the church", "id": "6739395" }, { "contents": "St. William Parish (Lawncrest)\n\n\n1950s and 60's, saw many changes come to the physical plant of the Parish that reflected the housing boom of the area, the economic upswing of the times and the growing parish population. Many of the original \"Motley Buildings\" were completely replaced. The Middle School (Junior High/Upper School) building was built and later an additional floor was added. When consideration was had for the completion of the Upper Church, it was found that the basement church was not structurally sufficient to support additional construction. In 1955", "id": "10364503" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Michael the Archangel, Katowice\n\n\nChurch of St. Michael Archangel () is one of the oldest buildings in Katowice. It's located in Kościuszko Park, where it was moved in 1938 from the village Syrynia, where it was originally constructed in 1510. It is under the invocation of St. Michael. It has end-fitted log framework construction and shingled roof. Free-standing belltower was completed before 1679; it has historic lych-gate and wooden fence around the churchyard. The church of St. Michael Archangel was first built in 1305 in Syrynia, near", "id": "21359049" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Catholic Church (St. Patrick, Ohio)\n\n\n's was closely connected to many other churches in western Ohio: wide areas of western Ohio that were primarily settled by Catholics feature large churches at sparsely-populated crossroads. While most of these churches are constructed in the Gothic Revival style of architecture, some of the newer churches of the region — including St. Patrick's — appear in a variety of styles; St. Patrick's was one of the few that lacked the high steeples of the Gothic Revival structures. The leading role of these churches in western Shelby County and the lands", "id": "15760890" }, { "contents": "St Michael's Roman Catholic Church, Linlithgow\n\n\nchildren the congregation capitalised on the spirit of cooperation and community and set out to build a school. Located on a site next to the church St. Joseph's school was opened on 1 July 1889 and served the children of the parish until 1964 when new premises were occupied at Preston Road. Although during this time Fr Easson had replaced Fr Murphy as parish priest there was no change of emphasis and all the parish energies were engaged in the effort to complete the church building programme. Plans to double the size of the church were", "id": "17679127" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Delaware, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Mary's Catholic Church is a historic Catholic parish church in the city of Delaware, Ohio, United States. Constructed in the 1880s, this grand building is home to a congregation established in the middle of the nineteenth century. Its grand style has long made it a community landmark, and it was named a historic landmark in 1980. Delaware's first Masses were celebrated by travelling priests in the homes of the city's few Catholics, most of whom were Irish or German immigrants. The members built the first St. Mary", "id": "2642749" }, { "contents": "Church of the Resurrection (Rye, New York)\n\n\nin 1881 at the intersection of Purchase Street and the Boston Post Road, where services were then offered. The parish was incorporated on January 29, 1886, and title to the property was transferred from the archdiocese to the parish itself. A new church building was completed in 1889 on Purchase Street, while the former building was used as the rectory. Thereafter, construction of a parochial school on the Boston Post Road began in 1906 and was completed two years later. With the number of parishioners growing, the church purchased land", "id": "19300829" }, { "contents": "Near North Side, Chicago\n\n\n, most of this area was an enclave to the first emigrants from Puerto Rico to Chicago, who referred to it as part of \"La Clark\" until commercialization decorated late 1960s shop signs with the name of Old Town. The neighborhood is home to St. Michael's Church, originally built to serve German immigrants, and one of only 7 to survive the great Chicago fire. St. Michael's, Holy Name Cathedral, Immaculate Conception, and St. Joseph's Catholic churches all catered to Latinos with a Mass in Spanish. Many", "id": "1540930" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Massillon, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Mary's Catholic Church is a historic Catholic church building in the city of Massillon, Ohio, United States. Constructed in 1876 for a congregation composed largely of European immigrants, it has been named a historic site. The origins of St. Mary parish lie among numerous Germans and Irish who settled in Massillon in its early years and built a small house of worship on Cherry Road in the 1840s. This building stood until 1875, when it was destroyed so that the present church might occupy its location; it was built in", "id": "19205828" }, { "contents": "St. Anne Church (Berlin, New Hampshire)\n\n\nSt. Anne Church is a historic church at 58 Church Street in Berlin, New Hampshire, United States. It is the church for Good Shepherd Parish within the Roman Catholic Diocese of Manchester. St. Anne Parish was founded in 1867, and was Berlin's first Roman Catholic congregation. It was merged with Guardian Angel Parish, St. Joseph Parish, and St. Kieran Parish in 2000 to form Good Shepherd Parish. Its building, constructed in 1900, is an important local example of Romanesque architecture, and was listed on the National Register", "id": "2452362" }, { "contents": "St. Peter Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n, put up by Luhr, was torn down and replaced by a large pastoral residence adjoining the rear of the church, at a cost of $12,000. In the same year a third story was added to St. Peter's school building, and arranged for a parish hall, containing a stage and other conveniences, at a cost of $10,000. In the synod of January 3, 1889, St. Peter's congregation was the first mentioned among the nine principal churches of the diocese which Gilmour named as rectorates, with an", "id": "13925965" }, { "contents": "Trinity Cathedral (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nfirst church building built within the village limits of Cleveland. In 1846, to meet the needs of a growing parish, plans for a larger, centralized building just east of Public Square commenced. The congregation moved into the larger stone structure in the Gothic style on Superior Avenue in 1855. In 1890, Trinity Church was offered to Bishop William A. Leonard for use as a cathedral for the Diocese of Ohio. The congregation would maintain the building and it would serve dual roles as the parish church and cathedral for the diocese.", "id": "19215933" }, { "contents": "St. Andrew's Cathedral (Jackson, Mississippi)\n\n\nat the time that was not located along the Mississippi River. Its church was burned by the Union Army during the American Civil War in 1863. The cornerstone for the second church was laid by the Rt. Rev. William Mercer Green in 1869. By the turn of the Twentieth Century the congregation had outgrown its church building and the present structure was completed in 1903. The Parish House was constructed between 1923 and 1924. The congregation continued to grow and the building along West Street was built in 1955. The bishop moved his", "id": "20556538" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Evansville, Indiana)\n\n\nservice in the first church building was held on April 15, 1883. While construction ensued, a congregant and frequent benefactor, Charles Viele, offered the use of Viele Hall (located on 2nd street between Main and Sycamore streets) to St. Paul's parish. The cornerstone for new St. Paul's was laid on September 3, 1883, and construction completed on March 2, 1886 with Bishop D.B. Knickerbacker consecrating the new building. Charles and Mary Viele continued to sponsor further construction on the church grounds - first with a rectory", "id": "20407572" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Church (Monroe, Michigan)\n\n\nSaint Michael the Archangel Church (St. Michael Church) is located on the west side of the city of Monroe, Michigan along the River Raisin. It is home to 1,200 families and it is one of most important religious institutes in Monroe County. It was founded in the year 1852. The present building was built from 1866-1867. It is in the Archdiocese of Detroit. Its current priest is Rev. Phillip Ching. When the parish was first established, the mayor of Monroe palatial residence was remodeled as a temporary church", "id": "12346355" }, { "contents": "St. Mary Congregational Church\n\n\nSt. Mary Congregational Church in Abbeville, Louisiana is the oldest incorporated, predominantly African-American church in Vermilion Parish. Its historic Gothic Revival style church at 213 S. Louisiana Avenue, constructed in 1905 to replace a previous building, was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1999. American Missionary Association records show the congregation dates to at least 1877. The structure is a three-bay, gable-fronted church with a prominent corner tower. The tower is three-stage and square. The church is currently non", "id": "17676536" }, { "contents": "St. Charles of the Valley Catholic Church and Rectory\n\n\nSt. Charles Borromeo Church is a Catholic parish in Hailey, Idaho, in the Diocese of Boise. Its historic parish church and rectory complex, located at Pine and S. 1st Streets, is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Fr. E.M. Nattini began ministering in the Wood River Valley in the 1880s. The population was growing rapidly, and he was soon able to raise funds for the construction of the first church of St. Charles, which began June 17, 1883. It was the first Catholic church ineast of", "id": "20581174" }, { "contents": "Sacred Heart Catholic Church (Dayton, Ohio)\n\n\nprompted some of the members to leave in July 1883 and establish Sacred Heart Church; under the leadership of St. Joseph's associate pastor Hugh McDevitt, the congregation rented a meeting hall while waiting for the construction of their building. Land for the present church was purchased for $19,000, and William Henry Elder laid the cornerstone in June 1888. Exterior work was completed in the following year, and by 1893 construction was close enough to completion that the congregation could begin worshipping in their building. The building was consecrated by Bishop Maes", "id": "22206155" }, { "contents": "St. Vincent de Paul Church (Pontiac, Michigan)\n\n\n. The church continued to grow, and in the 1880s, the Reverend Fridolin Baumgartner began raising funds for the construction of the present church. The congregation hired the Detroit architecture firm of Donaldson & Meier to design the church, and the cornerstone was laid on September 6, 1885. The church was dedicated two years later, on September 18, 1887. A 6600-pound bell was installed in the church in 1890. A rectory was constructed in 1895, a school building was added in 1897, and a parish hall in 1911", "id": "19268922" }, { "contents": "St. Boniface Roman Catholic Church\n\n\npopulation on the west side. In 1873, a two-story, red brick Italianate rectory building was built for the parish at a cost of $6,000. A stone church building was planned by the prominent local architect William M. Scott, and construction was completed in 1883 at a cost of $30,000. The parish was closed in 1989, and the building was demolished a few years later. St. Boniface Church was an eclectic example of Romanesque Revival and Ruskinian Gothic architecture. It was built in a cruciform shape from red", "id": "9736494" } ]

[ { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nchurch congregation reached its peak size in the 1950, when only 25% of the parishioners were of German descent. The first Spanish Mass was said in 1971 for the growing number of Hispanic parishioners. The congregation now is mostly Latin American. The church now offers Masses in both English and Spanish. An annual Good Friday Procession begins or ends at St. Michael's. St Michael's and La Sagrada Familia church alternate every year to begin or end at one of the two churches. There is a stop at St Patrick's", "id": "19125747" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nwhile the new building was under construction. The current church, which had its cornerstone laid in 1889, was completed five years ahead of schedule in 1892. The church building is considered a good example of High Victorian Gothic architecture with its two towers of unequal height, the taller of which rises , and three archways. An architecturally notable school adjacent to the church began construction in 1906 and was completed in 1907. For many years the church was one of the most costly and artistically notable churches in the Cleveland Diocese. The", "id": "19125746" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Michael the Archangel is a Roman Catholic church located at 3114 Scranton Road in the Clark-Fulton neighborhood on the west side of Cleveland, Ohio. The church is named in honor of St. Michael the Archangel and was completed in 1892. The congregation was founded in 1881 as a mission of Ohio City, Cleveland's St. Mary's on-the-Flats to serve a growing German immigrant population on Cleveland's west side. The original church and school building were constructed in 1883 but burned on June 29, 1891,", "id": "19125745" }, { "contents": "St. John's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n's. Trinity Cathedral is now the seat of the Episcopal Diocese of Ohio. St. John's was also the mother church to several of the west side parishes. In 1837, the Ohio City Directory described the church as follows, \"The Episcopal Church, which is not yet finished, is built of hammered stone, and has a lofty steeple. Its style of architecture is Gothic, resembling that of the ancient and venerable Cathedral. This building, when finished, will be one of the best of the kind in the", "id": "18742416" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cincinnati, Ohio)\n\n\n1847. The cornerstone was laid August 1, 1847 and the church dedicated June 4, 1848. Rev. Fr. Zoppoth was selected as the first pastor for the congregation. In 1868 St. Michael Church became the mother parish to St. Lawrence Church which was organized that same year. The Comboni Missionaries took charge of the parish in 1964. By this time many of the German-speaking families in the parish had begun to move to other parts of the city. In a mass celebrated by Daniel Edward Pilarczyk the church building was", "id": "11338583" }, { "contents": "St. Columba Cathedral (Youngstown, Ohio)\n\n\nThe first Mass celebrated in Youngstown occurred in 1826. St. Columba Parish was founded in 1847, the year that Pope Pius IX established the Diocese of Cleveland, of which Youngstown was a part. The first church was completed in 1850. As the parish grew, it required a larger church, which it completed in 1868. The first parish school building was opened three years later. The parish continued to grow and constructed yet another church which opened in 1897. Bishop Ignatius Horstmann consecrated the sanctuary in 1903. The parish added", "id": "13619245" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Stephen Church is a Roman Catholic church located in the Detroit-Shoreway neighborhood on the west side of Cleveland, Ohio. The gothic style building was designed by architects Cudell & Richardson. The current church was built in 1875 and was added into the National Register of Historic Places in 1977. St. Stephen Roman Catholic Church was founded in 1869 due to a need for a second German parish on the west side of Cleveland. The first German parish, St. Mary's, increased so much that Cleveland was in need of a", "id": "19215917" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cincinnati, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Michael the Archangel Church is a Roman Catholic church located at 2110 St. Michael Street, in Cincinnati, Ohio. The cornerstone of this church was laid in 1847 and the church dedicated a year later. The church closed April 5, 1998. As the tide of German immigrants continued to rise in Cincinnati, more churches were needed. Holy Trinity Church was the first German speaking parish. As the city grew in three directions; north, east and west; there were three parishes which descended from that parish Old St. Mary", "id": "11338581" }, { "contents": "St. John's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. John's Episcopal Church is located at 2600 Church Avenue in the Ohio City neighborhood of Cleveland, Ohio. St. John's is the oldest consecrated building in Cuyahoga county. This stone gothic revival church building was designed by Hezekiah Eldredge and built beginning in 1836 and was completed 1838. Eldridge was probably familiar with John Henry Hopkins' \"An Essay on Gothic Architecture\", the first book on Gothic ecclesiastical architecture to be published in the United States. St. John's is a good representative of a small group of American churches", "id": "18742414" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland Heights, Ohio)\n\n\nFairmount Blvd, it is a contributing property in the Fairmount Boulevard District, which is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. St. Paul's was first established in the city of Cleveland, Ohio on October 26, 1846. The congregation did not have its own building until 1851, as a frame building completed in 1849 burned completely. A small brick church in the Gothic Revival style was completed for the parish at Euclid and Sheriff (East 4th) Streets by 1858. St. Paul's congregation outgrew the church, however", "id": "18644038" }, { "contents": "Irvington, Baltimore\n\n\nPassion\", marking the beginning of St. Joseph's Monastery Parish. Construction of a new, larger church began in 1881 and was completed in 1883. Its cornerstone was placed by Cardinal James Gibbons. The original monastery, beside the church, burned down in 1883. A new monastery was completed in 1886. The monastery chapel is extant and contains an 1887 Niemann pipe organ. The congregation of St. Joseph's Monastery Parish outgrew their church building in the following century. In 1931, Archbishop Michael Joseph Curley placed the cornerstone for", "id": "5906170" }, { "contents": "St. Theodosius Russian Orthodox Cathedral\n\n\nSt. Theodosius Cathedral is an Orthodox church located on Starkweather Avenue in the Tremont neighborhood, on the near west side of Cleveland, Ohio. It is considered one of the best examples of Russian church architecture in the U.S. and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The parish is the first Orthodox parish in Cleveland and is currently under the jurisdiction of the Diocese of the Midwest of the Orthodox Church in America. St. Theodosius is perhaps best known for its appearance in the 1978 film, \"The Deer Hunter\" with", "id": "13141384" }, { "contents": "St. Casimir Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nBoth the church building and the school building are GNIS named features. The church building is listed as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. To provide properly for the large and steadily increasing number of Poles in the north-eastern part of Cleveland it was necessary to organize them into the third Polish congregation within the limits of the city. They lived too far away from St. Stanislaus Church, with which they had been affiliated, for them to conveniently either attend Mass or for their children to attend the parish school. They therefore petitioned Bishop", "id": "12488230" }, { "contents": "St. Henry's Catholic Church (Harriettsville, Ohio)\n\n\nChurch in Fulda in order to hear Mass. Virtually all of the members in the early decades were Germans or of German descent. A parish school was formed in the late 1870s, and in its first twenty years, the parish grew fourfold in membership. This growth caused the original church building to be too small: land for a new building was purchased in 1879, and construction finished in 1894. St. Henry's Church is a stone building in the Gothic Revival style; the most prominent component is a multi-story tower", "id": "19205430" }, { "contents": "St. Michael's Church, Old Town, Chicago\n\n\nSt. Michael's Church in the Old Town neighborhood of Chicago is a Roman Catholic church staffed by the Redemptorist order of priests. The parish was founded to minister to German Catholic immigrants in 1852 with its first wooden church completed that year at a cost of $750 (including the bell). The building stands at the intersection of Eugenie Street and Cleveland Avenue. The church was built as a haven for German immigrants who were outcasts in Old Chicago. In addition, the town's main church, St. Joseph's Church,", "id": "10838314" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cincinnati, Ohio)\n\n\n's Church, St. Philomena's Church and St. Joseph's Church. The three parishes were founded in 1840, 1846 and 1846 respectively. As more immigration followed, St. Michael's was founded, the first filial parish of St. Joseph. The parish was located to what was then called Storrs Township. Forty-five persons organized themselves into a congregation in the early part of 1847 and drew up a constitution for the church A lot was donated by Innocent Troenle and two additional adjacent pieces of property were bought in April and May", "id": "11338582" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Michael and St. Anthony\n\n\ntoday to mostly Poles and Italians. The church has also been noted for its Byzantine Revival architecture, complete with a dome and minaret-styled tower, making it \"one of the more unique examples of church architecture in Montréal.\" Construction on the Church of St. Michael the Archangel began in 1914, for what would grow to become the largest anglophone parish in Montreal. After a brief delay following the commencement of World War I, the church was completed in 1915 at a cost of $232,000, with a capacity of", "id": "10850773" }, { "contents": "Zion Lutheran Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nother Cleveland-area Lutheran congregations, including Trinity Lutheran Church, are Zion's daughters. The original church building was located downtown, but the east-side German community was strong enough by 1902 that the congregation deemed Prospect Avenue a better location for serving the community. From its earliest years, the congregation had sponsored a school; Zion Lutheran School was founded in 1848, at which time all scholars were instructed in German. The school moved to Prospect Avenue ahead of the church; the present building was completed in 1903,", "id": "19215937" }, { "contents": "St. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\non their behalf with papal authorities, and Charles Boehm of Hungary settled in Cleveland in late 1892 to serve the new St. Elizabeth parish, the first Hungarian nationality parish in America. Boehm immediately began registering members and advocating for the construction of a church complex; the first church building, a brick structure, was erected by the end of 1893, a school soon followed, and a larger school was completed in 1900 because of expanded enrollment. He also began a Hungarian-language parish newspaper that soon gained subscribers in other parts", "id": "19215854" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church, Madison\n\n\ndying Catholics (he was a doctor as well). Costigan is believed to have been the Catholic architect of the church. Costigan was only recorded as being a member of the parish during the construction, but details of the church building mirror his other buildings in Madison. In December 1839 St. Michael the Archangel Catholic Church was completed. As the City of Madison grew, so did its Catholic population. German–Catholics had increased highly in numbers and had formed a separate congregation within St. Michael's. In 1850, the", "id": "2385658" }, { "contents": "Pilgrim Congregational Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nonly a short time, as construction on the present building was started just 23 years after the first building was finished. The name \"Pilgrim Congregational Church\" was adopted in 1894 upon the completion of the present building; they had been styled \"Heights Congregational Church\" into the 1870s and used the name \"Jennings Avenue Congregational Church\" in the 1880s. The building was a community landmark from its earliest years — electric wiring was included in the original construction at a time when no other Cleveland buildings west of the Cuyahoga River", "id": "19215839" }, { "contents": "St. Monica Church (Manhattan)\n\n\nin 1880 he began conducting Mass over a feed store at 404 East 78th Street. The following year, he purchased land for the construction of the church and school. Construction of the first church building was completed in 1883. In 1892, the address was listed as 409 E 79th Street. The Rev. John J. Boyle served as acting rector at St. Monica's before becoming the founding pastor of St. Luke's Church (Bronx, New York). The current Gothic Revival church building was erected in 1906 to the designs of", "id": "18565781" }, { "contents": "Annunciation Church (historic) (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nAnnunciation Church (historic) (), was a Catholic parish church in Cleveland, Ohio and part of the Diocese of Cleveland. It was located at the intersection of Hurd St. and Moore St., now part of the West Side Market parking lot, in the Ohio City neighborhood. The location where the church once stood can be found, in an 1881 atlas, at the south-west corner of Hurd St. and Moore St., on the west bank of the Cuyahoga river above part of the Flats historically known as Ox", "id": "14549709" }, { "contents": "Sacred Heart of Jesus Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n. Between 1885 and 1889 a large number of Poles settled in South Cleveland, in the area of East 71st St. and Harvard Ave. They lived too far away from St. Stanislaus church for them to conveniently either attend Mass or for their children to attend the parish school. They petitioned Bishop Richard Gilmour for permission to form a new parish and build a church for their own use. The petition to form a new parish and build a church was granted, and the parish was founded in  — about 42 years after the Diocese", "id": "12287909" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland Heights, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Paul's Episcopal Church is a parish of the Episcopal Church in Cleveland Heights, Ohio. The current rector is the Rev. Jeanne Leinbach, installed on October 23, 2015. She is the first female rector of St. Paul's. Her predecessor was the Rev. Alan M. Gates, who served from 2004-2014, before his election as Bishop of Massachusetts. St. Paul's is a leading church and has the largest congregation in the Episcopal Diocese of Ohio. The church building is a Cleveland Heights landmark. Located at 2747", "id": "18644037" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nRev. Richard Gilmour. Volunteer German and Hungarian woodworkers completed the interior of the church. Over the next 40 years, the parish added a rectory, convent for the Sisters of Notre Dame and two school buildings including one for and an all girls two-year high school which opened in 1905. After World War II, St. Stephen's parish experienced unprecedented growth due to the population growth in Cleveland and throughout the country. On June 8, 1953 a tornado severely damaged the church structure. Work to restore the building began immediately", "id": "19215920" }, { "contents": "Cathedral of St. John the Evangelist (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nstyle and the Bishop laid the cornerstone October 22, 1848. Until the new building was completed in 1852, St. Mary's served as cathedral for the diocese. At the time of its completion, the new cathedral was the well beyond Cleveland's Public Square. Alterations and additions began on the church almost as soon as the initial construction was complete. In 1857, a boys' school was added and within ten years, it was joined by a parish hall and girls' school. In 1879, the parish raised sufficient", "id": "10656550" }, { "contents": "St. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nthe present building. Although the cornerstone was laid in 1918, the construction process was lengthy, and it was finally completed only in 1922. Built primarily of limestone, according to a design of Cleveland architect Emile Uhlrich, the church is an example of Italian-influenced Baroque Revival architecture, partly modelled after the church of Sant'Agnese in Agone in Rome. Two great towers, topped with cupolas, form the ends of the facade, while a great rose window sits in the middle section of the facade high above the main entrance", "id": "19215857" }, { "contents": "St. Nicholas' Catholic Church (Osgood, Ohio)\n\n\nnearby villages; St. Augustine's Church in Minster and St. Michael's Church in Fort Loramie were established by 1850, but the foundations of a parish in Osgood were not laid until 1904, and formal establishment of the parish came in 1906. In its earliest years, the Mass was celebrated in common buildings; after worshipping for a time in a school, the parishioners purchased a barn for ecclesiastical purposes. For many years, the improvement of the parish's facilities was hindered by its size; the fewness of its members meant", "id": "421917" }, { "contents": "Union–Miles Park\n\n\na congregation for African Americans, was founded 1914, and erected its first church building and school in 1916 at what is now Union Avenue and Martin Luther King Drive. The congregation that formed Archangel Michael Orthodox Church ( St. Michael's Orthodox Church) split from St. John the Baptist Orthodox Church in 1921. It began construction of its new church home at 10000 Union Avenue in April 1924, completing the structure in 1926. Although the long-standing Cataract House closed in 1917, the first Union–Miles Park movie theater,", "id": "20793486" }, { "contents": "St. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church is a historic Roman Catholic church in the Buckeye Road neighborhood on the east side of Cleveland, Ohio, United States. The earliest ethnic parish established for Hungarians in the United States, its present building was constructed in the early twentieth century, and it has been named a historic site. Cleveland's first Hungarian Catholics initially worshipped at St. Ladislaus' Church, an east-side Slovakian parish, but ethnic strife and increasing immigration prompted the Hungarian community to seek their own parish. Bishop Horstmann interceded", "id": "19215853" }, { "contents": "Sacred Heart of Jesus Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSacred Heart of Jesus (), was a Catholic parish church in Cleveland, Ohio and part of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland. It was located at the north-west corner of intersection of East 71st St. and Kazimier St., in a part of the South Broadway neighborhood previously known in Polish as \"\" and nicknamed \"Goosetown\". Both the church building and the school building are GNIS named features. The church, school, and rectory buildings are listed together as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. The church was closed", "id": "12287908" }, { "contents": "St. Mary Mother of the Redeemer Church (Norwalk, Ohio)\n\n\nSaint Mary Mother of the Redeemer Church is a parish in the Roman Catholic Diocese of Toledo. The current church is located at 38 W. League Street, Norwalk, Ohio. Construction on the building began on May 29, 1889, and was completed in 1894. The church was previously twinned with St. Alphonsus in Peru, Ohio, but was later twinned with St. Anthony in Milan, Ohio, after a mass restructuring of the diocese. The Century House was a name given to several buildings, now all demolished, within the", "id": "21671394" }, { "contents": "Pilgrim Congregational Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nPilgrim Congregational Church is a historic congregation of the United Church of Christ in Cleveland, Ohio, United States. Constructed in the 1890s for a congregation founded in the 1850s, it was named a historic site in the 1970s. Congregationalists began operating a Sunday school in Cleveland's Tremont neighborhood in 1854, and their efforts resulted in the creation of a church five years later. The members began construction of their first church building in 1865, although it was not completed until 1870. It was suitable for the congregation's needs for", "id": "19215838" }, { "contents": "Sidney Mason Stone\n\n\n; St. Patrick's Church, New Haven (1853) constructed of East Haven sandstone;First Congregational Church, Naugatuck, CT (1855) and Wooster Place Congregational Church, Wooster Square, New Haven (1855) (now the Church of St. Michael) the original design for which featured a Corinthian portico and tall steeple. In \"New Haven: A Guide to Architecture and Urban Design\", Brown remarks on St. Michael's, “The building has burned twice, the steeple blown down once...Only the side walls and tall", "id": "165241" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Dayton, Ohio)\n\n\ncentury, the parish had outgrown it, and construction began on a new building; Archbishop Moeller laid the cornerstone in July 1905 and consecrated it in November 1906. Growth continued, and St. Anthony's Church was established in 1913 by families coming out of St. Mary's. St. Mary's remains an active part of the Archdiocese of Cincinnati to the present day. Masses are celebrated both in English and in Spanish. The current St. Mary's Church is a Romanesque Revival structure built in a mix of brick and stone. Constructed", "id": "19205375" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Indianapolis, Indiana)\n\n\nuntil the Diocese of Indianapolis established Holy Rosary Catholic Church, an Italian national parish in Indianapolis in 1911. After the turn of the century, when the neighborhood become commercial, the parish purchased property at New Jersey and Vermont streets, where they built the present church, which was under construction from 1910 to 1912. St. Mary's adapted to its changing ethnic neighborhood over the years. In 1967, as the city's Spanish-speaking community began to grow, the parish began offering Sunday mass in Spanish. German-language", "id": "3660949" }, { "contents": "St. John's Catholic Church (Fryburg, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. John Catholic Church is a Roman Catholic church in the unincorporated community of Fryburg in Pusheta Township, Auglaize County, Ohio, United States. The parish was established in 1848, the same year in which the community was platted, and construction was completed in 1850. A Catholic school in connection with the church was established in 1877. Both buildings feature fine architecture: the church includes Gothic Revival elements such as ornate pilasters and lancet windows, while the former school is a good example of Federal architecture. St. John's is", "id": "11283325" }, { "contents": "St. Augustine Parish (Hartford, Connecticut)\n\n\nSt. Augustine Parish is a Roman Catholic parish located in Hartford, Connecticut. In addition to a church, the parish also administers a school, St. Augustine School. St. Augustine Parish was established in August 1902 with Fr. Michael Barry appointed as its first pastor. At that time, a church building had not yet been constructed so mass was offered at the Washington Street School until a basement chapel was completed in 1903. The current Romanesque-style church was completed in 1912 and dedicated by Bishop John J. Nilan of the then", "id": "21104070" }, { "contents": "Zion Lutheran Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nFirst Methodist, Trinity Cathedral, and St. Paul's Episcopal Church on Euclid Avenue. This condition persisted into the mid-1910s, at which point the neighborhood transitioned into a largely commercial area. Beginning after 1930, the neighborhood deteriorated as many buildings were demolished, often to create room for parking lots. In such an environment Zion Lutheran Church was constructed in 1902 and opened for public use in the following year. It is home to a congregation founded by German immigrants in 1843, the oldest extant Lutheran congregation in the city; many", "id": "19215936" }, { "contents": "Church of St Paul, Letchworth\n\n\nallow construction of the new church to begin, with the foundation stone being laid on 10 October 1923 by the Marchioness of Salisbury. Work on the first section of the building was completed including three and a half bays of the nave with arcades at the sides. This first section was consecrated by Michael Furse, the Bishop of St Albans on 3 May 1924. A tower was intended but was never built. By 1924 the church was becoming too small for its growing congregation and work on an extension began in early 1931,", "id": "1720772" }, { "contents": "Basilica of the Sacred Heart of Jesus, Syracuse\n\n\noriginal church was located across the street from the current structure. The first Mass in the new parish church was said on August 30, 1892, with the formal dedication taking place nearly a year later on June 11, 1893. The congregation outgrew the first church within a decade, and a decision was made to construct a new church. The foundations were built by parishioners in order to save money, and the cornerstone was laid in 1907. Work was completed in three years, and the church was completed and dedicated on", "id": "4119395" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n, side altars and pulpit are made entirely of oak wood and decorated with beautiful German woodcarvings. The church pews are also oak. A Mexican onyx and brass Communion rail was installed over the years and the floor of the sanctuary and aisles is made of black and white marble tiles. St. Stephen's is a fully active Roman Catholic Parish in the Diocese of Cleveland. This means that they have a full parish staff and church council. They have regular Sunday Masses as well as daily Masses. German Mass is offered every first", "id": "19215923" }, { "contents": "Roncesvalles, Toronto\n\n\nWomenpriests at the church. St. Casimir's Polish Roman Catholic Church at Garden Avenue, offers Polish masses on Sundays. Its origins begin in 1944 when the Oblate Mission decided to create the third Polish parish (and first in the west end) in Toronto. The lot on which the church stands today was purchased for $15,000 in 1948 and construction on the parish hall began the same year. The first mass was held in the church hall in 1949. The church was completed and officially began offering mass on May 23,", "id": "3040916" }, { "contents": "Rajavoor\n\n\nSt. Michael's Shrine which is located at the center part of Rajavoor. The annual feast starts on the first Friday of May with a flag hoisting followed by a ten-day Mass and adoration. The eighth, ninth and tenth days are marked with a car procession to St. Michael Archangel, carnival ended with High Mass in front of the Holy Cars. The Roman Catholics and parish are administered by the Kottar Diocese. Another notable church, Our Lady of Presentation (Kaanikkai Maathaa) Church is attached to the Rajavoor Parish as", "id": "4595849" }, { "contents": "Transfiguration Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nBaptist Church in the nearby suburb of Garfield Heights, Ohio, which had a large, new structure. In April 1943, Trinity Baptist Church sold its building to the Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland for $35,000 ($ in dollars). The Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland erected Transfiguration Parish on July 30, 1943. The parish was divided from nearby Immaculate Heart of Mary Church and Shrine Church of St. Stanislaus parishes. Reverend Joseph F. Zabawa was named the pastor of the new congregation, which took up residence in the Trinity", "id": "20542089" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Augustine (Larchmont, New York)\n\n\nThe Church of St. Augustine is a Roman Catholic church located in Larchmont, New York. The parish having been founded in 1892, the present Gothic Revival church building was constructed in 1928. With a growing number of Catholics living in Larchmont, New York—many of them domestic servants who attended Blessed Sacrament Church in New Rochelle or Most Holy Trinity Church in Mamaroneck—the Archbishop of New York, Michael Corrigan, created the parish of St. Augustine was created in 1892. The decision to establish a parish was motivated in part", "id": "19300736" }, { "contents": "St. Barbara Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Barbara Catholic Church () is a parish of the Roman Catholic Church in Cleveland, Ohio, within the Diocese of Cleveland. The parish church is located on Denison Ave. between West 16th St. and the southbound entrance to SR 176, in a part of the Brooklyn Centre neighborhood previously known in Polish as . The red brick parish church, designed by H.C. Gabele, is a local landmark. It is a GNIS named feature. The church, rectory and convent buildings are listed together as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. The", "id": "13695356" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\ntwo years the parishioners worshipped in a hotel before constructing a building at Fourth and Euclid downtown. A fire destroyed the structure before it was completed, but people throughout the city contributed funds to build a brick replacement in 1851. By the 1870s, the streets surrounding the church had become primarily commercial, so the vestry sold the building and rented halls while building the present church eastward on Euclid Avenue. Its placement amid the wealthy Millionaire's Row district soon caused it to become a symbol of the neighborhood. However, the membership", "id": "19215901" }, { "contents": "St Michael the Archangel Church, Chatham\n\n\nHeart Church in Luton. St Paulinus Church was built in 1788 as a Wesleyan Chapel. In 1892, it was bought by the local Catholic Church. Sacred Heart Church was built in 1949. On 26 June 1949, its foundation stone was laid by the parish priest of St Michael's Church. St Paulinus Church has one Sunday Mass at 9:00am. Sacred Heart Church also has one Sunday Mass, it is at 10:30am. St Michael's Church has four Sunday Masses: 6:30pm on Saturday and 9:30am, 11:00am and 6:00pm on", "id": "19228802" }, { "contents": "St Michael and All Angels Church, Kingaroy\n\n\n's construction. Architect Colin Deighton, who was assistant to John Hingeston Buckeridge, the Anglican Diocese of Brisbane Architect between 1887 and 1901, designed the church. Deighton designed a number of country churches and St Colomb's Anglican Church at Clayfield in Brisbane. The foundation stone of St Michael and All Angels Church was laid on 10 November 1910 by the Venerable Arthur Rivers, Archdeacon of Toowoomba. Construction of the building, which was to seat 250 worshippers, began in December 1910 and was completed in 1911. Its cost, including", "id": "3972006" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Catholic Church (Chicago)\n\n\nSt. Michael () is a church of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Chicago. The current church is located at E. 83rd Street and S. South Shore Drive in South Chicago, a neighborhood of Chicago, Illinois. It is a prime example of the so-called \"Polish Cathedral style\" of churches in both its opulence and grand scale. Along with Immaculate Conception, it is one of the two monumental Polish churches dominating over the South Chicago neighborhood. Founded in 1892 as a Polish parish in Chicago to relieve overcrowding at Immaculate", "id": "20616064" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nof St. Stephen's for 38 years. In 1873, Fr. Reichlin realized that a new church building was needed to accommodate the growing parish. The Cleveland-based architect firm called Cudell & Richardson was hired to build the structure that still stands today as St. Stephen's Roman Catholic Church. Due to economic depression in the mid-1870s, work on the new building was stopped. Parishioners mortgaged their own properties to raise funds for the new church. It was dedicated on November 20, 1881 by the second bishop of Cleveland,", "id": "19215919" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church, Madison\n\n\n1992, the parishes of St. Mary's and St. Michael's became one community of faith, with one priest, Father John Meyer, and two church buildings. Saturday night mass was held at St. Michael's for St. Michael's ‘parishioners,’ and on Sunday morning, mass was held at St. Mary's. In 1993, the area's two other Catholic Churches (St. Patrick's and St. Anthony's) were merged with St. Mary's-St. Michael's as well. St. Michael's had extensive roof damage", "id": "2385663" }, { "contents": "St. Michael's Church, Hildesheim\n\n\nin 1010 and dedicated the still unfinished building to Michael on the archangel's feast day, 29 September 1022, just a few weeks before his death. Construction, however, continued under his successor, Bishop Godehard (died 1038), who completed the work in 1031 and reconsecrated the church to Michael on September 29 of that year. The church has double choirs east and west, double tripartite transepts at either end of the nave, and six towers----two large ones over the crossings east and west, and four other tall and", "id": "721679" }, { "contents": "St. Augustine's Catholic Church (Napoleon, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Augustine's Catholic Church is a historic church in Napoleon, Ohio, United States. Located on the edge of the city's downtown, two blocks away from the Henry County Courthouse, the church is a prominent landmark in Napoleon. St. Augustine Parish was founded at some point between 1856 and 1858; its first priest was Michael Pietz. The parish was dedicated to St. Augustine in honor of Augustine Pilliod, who supervised the construction of its first building. This structure was replaced with the current church, which was built at", "id": "13450149" }, { "contents": "Saint Patrick's Church (Dubuque, Iowa)\n\n\nMcCabe was assigned as the first resident pastor. The cornerstone of the present brick church was laid in 1877, and the building dedicated on August 15, 1878. In 1928, the Rev. J.J. Hanley remodeled and enlarged the church. St. Patrick Church was originally built for service to the Irish settlers of Dubuque and while the parish has maintained a healthy respect for its Irish heritage over its many years of service, the parish now specializes in service to the Hispanic residents of Dubuque. The parish offers a Spanish Mass on Sundays,", "id": "20590874" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nsecond parish for German-speaking Catholics. In April 1869 the first bishop of Cleveland, Bishop Louis Amadeus Rappe, appointed Fr. Stephen Falk to have a two-story building built. The building would be used as a church on the upper level and a school on the lower level to accommodate the 200 families from St. Mary's that lived west of 44th Street. The newly ordained Fr. Casimir Reichlin became the first pastor and said the first Mass of the parish on May 1, 1870. He served as pastor", "id": "19215918" }, { "contents": "Immaculate Conception Catholic Church (Fulda, Ohio)\n\n\n. Construction began on a small church building under the ministry of the priest from Miltonsburg, and Archbishop Purcell of Cincinnati dedicated it in 1853. Ten years later, the parishioners constructed a parish school, and a rectory followed in 1866; its large size and pretentious architecture resulted in a high construction cost of $2,500. By this time, the original church building had become entirely inadequate for the needs of the congregation, and replacement plans were laid; the cornerstone was laid in May 1874, and Bishop Rosecrans of Columbus dedicated", "id": "19205436" }, { "contents": "St. Vitus's Church, Cleveland\n\n\nSt. Vitus is a parish of the Roman Catholic Church in Cleveland, Ohio, United States, in the Diocese of Cleveland. The parish church, located at 6019 Lausche Avenue in the St. Clair-Superior neighborhood, was completed in 1932. The first documented Slovenian to settle in the Cleveland area was Joseph Turk, who came about 1883, most likely from Carniola, and settled on Marble Avenue, near the steel mills. He helped organize the Catholic Slovenes in Cleveland, and requested that Bishop Richard Gilmour of Cleveland appoint a", "id": "916020" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Catholic Church (St. Patrick, Ohio)\n\n\nrectory in 1919 to house its pastor; before its construction, St. Patrick's was served by priests from St. Michael's Church in Fort Loramie to the southwest. In 1977, the church and rectory were recorded by the Ohio Historic Inventory for the purpose of historic preservation; both buildings were ranked in good condition without any significant risks. Two years later, they were listed together on the National Register of Historic Places, along with over thirty other buildings in the Land of the Cross-Tipped Churches. When these churches were", "id": "15760892" }, { "contents": "Cathedral of St Michael and St John\n\n\n. In that year work commenced on a permanent church building located on the corner of George and Keppel Streets. St Michael's Church was a Victorian Gothic style building constructed in brick. It was in use by 1841 but appears not to have been completed until 1846 when leadlight windows were installed. Bishop John Bede Polding (1794-1877), first Catholic Archbishop of Sydney, was interested in fostering the English Gothic style of architecture in his diocese. He arranged for plans for significant churches to be prepared by English architects including", "id": "17452035" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Cathedral, Thunder Bay\n\n\n. From there, St. Patrick's Church was one of many churches that was missioned to the First Nations in Northern Ontario, as well as St. Andrew's Church, which was handed over to the diocese in 1997. St. Patrick's was built in 1892, the same year as Thunder Bay was incorporated as a town. The foundation stone was laid on 10 October 1891, and the first Mass was celebrated on 21 August 1892. The Jesuit parish priests made plans for the construction of an elementary school later that decade.", "id": "14488629" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Catholic Church (Toledo, Ohio)\n\n\nfor use in a new building. Fr. Edward Hannin, pastor of St. Patrick's, set out to create \"the finest church in this part of the land,\" for his congregation and began to raise money for construction. When it was completed, St. Patrick's was considered one of the finest examples of Gothic Revival architecture in the United States. The exterior is constructed of Amherst blue sandstone and the interior contains ten red granite columns. The church was dedicated on April 13, 1901. The church underwent extensive", "id": "9145471" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Dayton, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Mary's Catholic Church is a historic Catholic church building in an eastern neighborhood of Dayton, Ohio, United States. Constructed at the beginning of the twentieth century, it remains home to an active parish. Its grand architecture has made it an aviator's landmark, and it has been named a historic site by the federal government. Emanuel Church, the first Catholic parish in Dayton, was formed in 1837. Many English-speaking families left to form a separate parish in 1846, but Emanuel continued growing to the point", "id": "19205373" }, { "contents": "Church of St. James the Less\n\n\nmission. Weekly celebration of Mass resumed on Sundays at 5:00 pm. The breakaway congregation now meets at the Holy Cross Catholic church and is known as the Church of Saint Michael the Archangel. During the controversy, the parish school closed circa 2006. As part of its mandate, Saint Mark's Church began a fundraising effort to open a new parish school to serve this local community. In 2009 and 2010, the St. Mark's congregation (together with St. Francis Episcopal Church in Potomac, Maryland) sponsored Vacation Bible School at", "id": "12322466" }, { "contents": "St. John's Evangelical Lutheran Church (Springfield, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. John's Evangelical Lutheran Church is a historic Lutheran church in downtown Springfield, Ohio, United States. Founded as a German-speaking parish in Springfield's early days, it grew rapidly during its first few decades, and its present large church building was constructed in the 1890s under the direction of one of Springfield's leading architects. The congregation remains in the landmark church building, which has been named a historic site. Springfield's first Lutheran congregation was organized in May 1841, and a separate group of German Lutherans began", "id": "18832000" }, { "contents": "St Michael and St John Church, Clitheroe\n\n\nGrade II listed building. In September 2008, the Jesuits handed the church over to the Diocese of Salford who continue to serve the parish. Two years later, the parish merged with St Mary Queen of Peace Church in Sabden to form the parish of Our Lady of the Valley. St Mary's was built in 1877 and it was made into a parish in 1909, so that the parishioners did not have to travel the sizeable distance to attend Mass in Clitheroe. The parish has two Sunday Masses at St Michael and St", "id": "5090732" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n. St. Paul's church building is one of just six Gothic Revival churches built in Cleveland during the 1870s that survived into the 1980s. At one time considered Cleveland's grandest and largest church, it is distinguished by the unusual architecture of the peak of the bell tower, and the open interior features extensive detailing, along with seating for one thousand worshippers. Covered with sandstone from Berea, the building was a work of Gordon W. Lloyd, a Detroit architect who also produced grand churches in Ohio cities of various sizes, ranging", "id": "19215903" }, { "contents": "St. Aloysius' Catholic Church (Carthagena, Ohio)\n\n\nerected in 1865. In their earliest years, the people worshipped in the chapel of the adjacent St. Charles Seminary. Throughout its history, the church has been significantly influenced by the seminary, which trained the priests of the Missionaries of the Precious Blood and provided pastors for the church. As its membership grew, the parish decided to construct a church building. Plans were laid and construction began in 1875; the cornerstone was laid in May 1877, and the church was consecrated on June 30, 1878; the parishioners had performed", "id": "20255448" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Church (Monroe, Michigan)\n\n\nto come. St. Michael Church is located along the River Raisin on West Front Street in the city of Monroe, MI. The 183 foot steeple isn't hard to miss. When you come into Monroe you can easily see St. Michael's A tradition at St. Michael Church is the parish prayer. It is said before the beginning of every mass. It reads: \"Lord, God, we glorify Your holy name and thank you for calling us, the people of Saint Michael the Archangel Parish, to be one in", "id": "12346363" }, { "contents": "St Michael and All Angels Church, Barton Turf\n\n\nSt Michael and All Angels is the Church of England parish church of Barton Turf in the county of Norfolk in England. See Inside here. It stands about a kilometre south-west of the village in the midst of a plantation of trees. Particularly notable for its surviving paintings, the church is listed with Grade I. The building was at first constructed in rather an undistinguished Perpendicular style, possessing a tower at the west end of the church. The church is best known for the twelve panels of its late-Gothic rood", "id": "15249529" }, { "contents": "St Michael and All Angels' Church, Haworth\n\n\nSt Michael and All Angels' Church is the Church of England parish church of Haworth, West Yorkshire. The current structure, the third church building on the site, was built between 1879 and 1881 although parts of the original medieval church building, notably the tower, survive from earlier periods. The church is best known for its historic association with the Brontë sisters whose father Revd. Patrick Brontë served as minister of the parish between 1820 and 1861. A chapel has existed on the site since 1488, though records held at", "id": "17201346" }, { "contents": "St. Peter Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Peter Church (), is a Catholic parish church in Cleveland, Ohio and part of the Diocese of Cleveland. Founded in , it is located at the intersection of Superior Ave. near East 17th St., in the Downtown neighborhood. The church is a longstanding city landmark; George Francis Houck, then the Chancellor, wrote in 1903 that, \"One of the landmarks of the city and Diocese of Cleveland is St. Peter's Church.\" It is listed as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. It is also a named", "id": "13925952" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Church (Monroe, Michigan)\n\n\n. It was used as a church on the first floor and on the second it was used for the school. Later it would only be used as St. Michael School. Then in 1866 the cornerstone for the present church was laid. The large 187 foot steeple wasn't added until 1883. In 1874 the 3-story rectory was built east of the church. In 1918 the parish built the present building of St. Michael School which is now a part of Monroe Catholic Elementary Schools. The movement to establish the parish started in 1845", "id": "12346356" }, { "contents": "St. Casimir Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nRichard Gilmour for permission to form a new parish and build a church for their own use. In December 1891, Monsignor Felix Boff, V.G., administrator of the diocese, granted the required permission. Those parishioners left to form St. Casimir Church in 1891. The parish was founded in 1891 — about 44 years after the Diocese of Cleveland was erected by Pope Pius IX. In December, 1891, Boff appointed Father Benedict Rosinski, pastor of St. Adalbert's, Berea, Ohio, to take charge of the mission. On", "id": "12488231" }, { "contents": "St James' Church, Forest Gate\n\n\nSt James' Church, Forest Gate was a church in Forest Gate, east London. Its origins lay in an iron building constructed around 1870 to serve a conventional district. A parish was formed for it in 1881 from those of Emmanuel Church, All Saints and St John's and its permanent church completed the following year, with an organ moved from St Matthew's Church, Friday Street. The church was demolished in 1964 and for two years its congregation worshiped in the Durning Hall Community Centre's chapel until the parish was", "id": "17208906" }, { "contents": "North Presbyterian Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nNorth Presbyterian Church is a historic Presbyterian church on the east side of Cleveland, Ohio, United States. Constructed in the 1880s, the church building has been named a historic site. Throughout its history, the congregation has been focused on Sunday school work. North Presbyterian Church developed out of a mission Sunday school established in east-side Cleveland in 1859. The local presbytery organized a congregation out of the Sunday school in 1867, and within a short while, the new congregation formed the first of two mission Sunday schools in", "id": "19215693" }, { "contents": "St. Vitus's Church, Cleveland\n\n\nVitus to work on the interior. It was finished for the centennial celebration of the parish later that year. St. Vitus remains a strong parish, but Fr. Božnar works with Bishop Lennon's programs to cluster parishes in order to increase strength for inner-city parishes. The church building of St. Vitus itself is constructed in the Lombard-Roman style with pale yellow Falston brick. It is 141 feet long and 100 feet wide with an attached parish house on its west side. Its two Romanesque bell towers reach 110 feet", "id": "916027" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Michael (St. Michael, Minnesota)\n\n\nof the church came from Saint John's Abbey in Collegeville. In 1866 a new church was built in the center of the town and served for about 25 years. In 1890 the parish built a Gothic Revival building, which was the largest church in Wright County at the time. The building features ornate statues and German woodcarvings. Although the parish had a mostly German ethnicity for many years, since 1985 the number of families in the parish doubled, and it no longer appears to be an ethnic parish. In 2004 the", "id": "1327870" }, { "contents": "St. Thomas Church (Underhill, Vermont)\n\n\nSt. Thomas Church is a Roman Catholic church in the Town of Underhill, Vermont in the United States, located in the unincorporated village of \"Underhill Center\". The church was built from 1891-92 after its predecessor had burned down on 19 December 1890. The cornerstone for the current St. Thomas Church building was laid on 12 August 1891 at an event that had an estimated 1,000 attendees. Although the construction period spanned from 1 May 1891 until December 1892, the first Mass was nevertheless held in the basement of the church", "id": "6739395" }, { "contents": "St. William Parish (Lawncrest)\n\n\n1950s and 60's, saw many changes come to the physical plant of the Parish that reflected the housing boom of the area, the economic upswing of the times and the growing parish population. Many of the original \"Motley Buildings\" were completely replaced. The Middle School (Junior High/Upper School) building was built and later an additional floor was added. When consideration was had for the completion of the Upper Church, it was found that the basement church was not structurally sufficient to support additional construction. In 1955", "id": "10364503" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Michael the Archangel, Katowice\n\n\nChurch of St. Michael Archangel () is one of the oldest buildings in Katowice. It's located in Kościuszko Park, where it was moved in 1938 from the village Syrynia, where it was originally constructed in 1510. It is under the invocation of St. Michael. It has end-fitted log framework construction and shingled roof. Free-standing belltower was completed before 1679; it has historic lych-gate and wooden fence around the churchyard. The church of St. Michael Archangel was first built in 1305 in Syrynia, near", "id": "21359049" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Catholic Church (St. Patrick, Ohio)\n\n\n's was closely connected to many other churches in western Ohio: wide areas of western Ohio that were primarily settled by Catholics feature large churches at sparsely-populated crossroads. While most of these churches are constructed in the Gothic Revival style of architecture, some of the newer churches of the region — including St. Patrick's — appear in a variety of styles; St. Patrick's was one of the few that lacked the high steeples of the Gothic Revival structures. The leading role of these churches in western Shelby County and the lands", "id": "15760890" }, { "contents": "St Michael's Roman Catholic Church, Linlithgow\n\n\nchildren the congregation capitalised on the spirit of cooperation and community and set out to build a school. Located on a site next to the church St. Joseph's school was opened on 1 July 1889 and served the children of the parish until 1964 when new premises were occupied at Preston Road. Although during this time Fr Easson had replaced Fr Murphy as parish priest there was no change of emphasis and all the parish energies were engaged in the effort to complete the church building programme. Plans to double the size of the church were", "id": "17679127" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Delaware, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Mary's Catholic Church is a historic Catholic parish church in the city of Delaware, Ohio, United States. Constructed in the 1880s, this grand building is home to a congregation established in the middle of the nineteenth century. Its grand style has long made it a community landmark, and it was named a historic landmark in 1980. Delaware's first Masses were celebrated by travelling priests in the homes of the city's few Catholics, most of whom were Irish or German immigrants. The members built the first St. Mary", "id": "2642749" }, { "contents": "Church of the Resurrection (Rye, New York)\n\n\nin 1881 at the intersection of Purchase Street and the Boston Post Road, where services were then offered. The parish was incorporated on January 29, 1886, and title to the property was transferred from the archdiocese to the parish itself. A new church building was completed in 1889 on Purchase Street, while the former building was used as the rectory. Thereafter, construction of a parochial school on the Boston Post Road began in 1906 and was completed two years later. With the number of parishioners growing, the church purchased land", "id": "19300829" }, { "contents": "Near North Side, Chicago\n\n\n, most of this area was an enclave to the first emigrants from Puerto Rico to Chicago, who referred to it as part of \"La Clark\" until commercialization decorated late 1960s shop signs with the name of Old Town. The neighborhood is home to St. Michael's Church, originally built to serve German immigrants, and one of only 7 to survive the great Chicago fire. St. Michael's, Holy Name Cathedral, Immaculate Conception, and St. Joseph's Catholic churches all catered to Latinos with a Mass in Spanish. Many", "id": "1540930" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Massillon, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Mary's Catholic Church is a historic Catholic church building in the city of Massillon, Ohio, United States. Constructed in 1876 for a congregation composed largely of European immigrants, it has been named a historic site. The origins of St. Mary parish lie among numerous Germans and Irish who settled in Massillon in its early years and built a small house of worship on Cherry Road in the 1840s. This building stood until 1875, when it was destroyed so that the present church might occupy its location; it was built in", "id": "19205828" }, { "contents": "St. Anne Church (Berlin, New Hampshire)\n\n\nSt. Anne Church is a historic church at 58 Church Street in Berlin, New Hampshire, United States. It is the church for Good Shepherd Parish within the Roman Catholic Diocese of Manchester. St. Anne Parish was founded in 1867, and was Berlin's first Roman Catholic congregation. It was merged with Guardian Angel Parish, St. Joseph Parish, and St. Kieran Parish in 2000 to form Good Shepherd Parish. Its building, constructed in 1900, is an important local example of Romanesque architecture, and was listed on the National Register", "id": "2452362" }, { "contents": "St. Peter Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n, put up by Luhr, was torn down and replaced by a large pastoral residence adjoining the rear of the church, at a cost of $12,000. In the same year a third story was added to St. Peter's school building, and arranged for a parish hall, containing a stage and other conveniences, at a cost of $10,000. In the synod of January 3, 1889, St. Peter's congregation was the first mentioned among the nine principal churches of the diocese which Gilmour named as rectorates, with an", "id": "13925965" }, { "contents": "Trinity Cathedral (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nfirst church building built within the village limits of Cleveland. In 1846, to meet the needs of a growing parish, plans for a larger, centralized building just east of Public Square commenced. The congregation moved into the larger stone structure in the Gothic style on Superior Avenue in 1855. In 1890, Trinity Church was offered to Bishop William A. Leonard for use as a cathedral for the Diocese of Ohio. The congregation would maintain the building and it would serve dual roles as the parish church and cathedral for the diocese.", "id": "19215933" }, { "contents": "St. Andrew's Cathedral (Jackson, Mississippi)\n\n\nat the time that was not located along the Mississippi River. Its church was burned by the Union Army during the American Civil War in 1863. The cornerstone for the second church was laid by the Rt. Rev. William Mercer Green in 1869. By the turn of the Twentieth Century the congregation had outgrown its church building and the present structure was completed in 1903. The Parish House was constructed between 1923 and 1924. The congregation continued to grow and the building along West Street was built in 1955. The bishop moved his", "id": "20556538" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Evansville, Indiana)\n\n\nservice in the first church building was held on April 15, 1883. While construction ensued, a congregant and frequent benefactor, Charles Viele, offered the use of Viele Hall (located on 2nd street between Main and Sycamore streets) to St. Paul's parish. The cornerstone for new St. Paul's was laid on September 3, 1883, and construction completed on March 2, 1886 with Bishop D.B. Knickerbacker consecrating the new building. Charles and Mary Viele continued to sponsor further construction on the church grounds - first with a rectory", "id": "20407572" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Church (Monroe, Michigan)\n\n\nSaint Michael the Archangel Church (St. Michael Church) is located on the west side of the city of Monroe, Michigan along the River Raisin. It is home to 1,200 families and it is one of most important religious institutes in Monroe County. It was founded in the year 1852. The present building was built from 1866-1867. It is in the Archdiocese of Detroit. Its current priest is Rev. Phillip Ching. When the parish was first established, the mayor of Monroe palatial residence was remodeled as a temporary church", "id": "12346355" }, { "contents": "St. Mary Congregational Church\n\n\nSt. Mary Congregational Church in Abbeville, Louisiana is the oldest incorporated, predominantly African-American church in Vermilion Parish. Its historic Gothic Revival style church at 213 S. Louisiana Avenue, constructed in 1905 to replace a previous building, was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1999. American Missionary Association records show the congregation dates to at least 1877. The structure is a three-bay, gable-fronted church with a prominent corner tower. The tower is three-stage and square. The church is currently non", "id": "17676536" }, { "contents": "St. Charles of the Valley Catholic Church and Rectory\n\n\nSt. Charles Borromeo Church is a Catholic parish in Hailey, Idaho, in the Diocese of Boise. Its historic parish church and rectory complex, located at Pine and S. 1st Streets, is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Fr. E.M. Nattini began ministering in the Wood River Valley in the 1880s. The population was growing rapidly, and he was soon able to raise funds for the construction of the first church of St. Charles, which began June 17, 1883. It was the first Catholic church ineast of", "id": "20581174" }, { "contents": "Sacred Heart Catholic Church (Dayton, Ohio)\n\n\nprompted some of the members to leave in July 1883 and establish Sacred Heart Church; under the leadership of St. Joseph's associate pastor Hugh McDevitt, the congregation rented a meeting hall while waiting for the construction of their building. Land for the present church was purchased for $19,000, and William Henry Elder laid the cornerstone in June 1888. Exterior work was completed in the following year, and by 1893 construction was close enough to completion that the congregation could begin worshipping in their building. The building was consecrated by Bishop Maes", "id": "22206155" }, { "contents": "St. Vincent de Paul Church (Pontiac, Michigan)\n\n\n. The church continued to grow, and in the 1880s, the Reverend Fridolin Baumgartner began raising funds for the construction of the present church. The congregation hired the Detroit architecture firm of Donaldson & Meier to design the church, and the cornerstone was laid on September 6, 1885. The church was dedicated two years later, on September 18, 1887. A 6600-pound bell was installed in the church in 1890. A rectory was constructed in 1895, a school building was added in 1897, and a parish hall in 1911", "id": "19268922" }, { "contents": "St. Boniface Roman Catholic Church\n\n\npopulation on the west side. In 1873, a two-story, red brick Italianate rectory building was built for the parish at a cost of $6,000. A stone church building was planned by the prominent local architect William M. Scott, and construction was completed in 1883 at a cost of $30,000. The parish was closed in 1989, and the building was demolished a few years later. St. Boniface Church was an eclectic example of Romanesque Revival and Ruskinian Gothic architecture. It was built in a cruciform shape from red", "id": "9736494" } ]

[ { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nchurch congregation reached its peak size in the 1950, when only 25% of the parishioners were of German descent. The first Spanish Mass was said in 1971 for the growing number of Hispanic parishioners. The congregation now is mostly Latin American. The church now offers Masses in both English and Spanish. An annual Good Friday Procession begins or ends at St. Michael's. St Michael's and La Sagrada Familia church alternate every year to begin or end at one of the two churches. There is a stop at St Patrick's", "id": "19125747" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nwhile the new building was under construction. The current church, which had its cornerstone laid in 1889, was completed five years ahead of schedule in 1892. The church building is considered a good example of High Victorian Gothic architecture with its two towers of unequal height, the taller of which rises , and three archways. An architecturally notable school adjacent to the church began construction in 1906 and was completed in 1907. For many years the church was one of the most costly and artistically notable churches in the Cleveland Diocese. The", "id": "19125746" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Michael the Archangel is a Roman Catholic church located at 3114 Scranton Road in the Clark-Fulton neighborhood on the west side of Cleveland, Ohio. The church is named in honor of St. Michael the Archangel and was completed in 1892. The congregation was founded in 1881 as a mission of Ohio City, Cleveland's St. Mary's on-the-Flats to serve a growing German immigrant population on Cleveland's west side. The original church and school building were constructed in 1883 but burned on June 29, 1891,", "id": "19125745" }, { "contents": "St. John's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n's. Trinity Cathedral is now the seat of the Episcopal Diocese of Ohio. St. John's was also the mother church to several of the west side parishes. In 1837, the Ohio City Directory described the church as follows, \"The Episcopal Church, which is not yet finished, is built of hammered stone, and has a lofty steeple. Its style of architecture is Gothic, resembling that of the ancient and venerable Cathedral. This building, when finished, will be one of the best of the kind in the", "id": "18742416" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cincinnati, Ohio)\n\n\n1847. The cornerstone was laid August 1, 1847 and the church dedicated June 4, 1848. Rev. Fr. Zoppoth was selected as the first pastor for the congregation. In 1868 St. Michael Church became the mother parish to St. Lawrence Church which was organized that same year. The Comboni Missionaries took charge of the parish in 1964. By this time many of the German-speaking families in the parish had begun to move to other parts of the city. In a mass celebrated by Daniel Edward Pilarczyk the church building was", "id": "11338583" }, { "contents": "St. Columba Cathedral (Youngstown, Ohio)\n\n\nThe first Mass celebrated in Youngstown occurred in 1826. St. Columba Parish was founded in 1847, the year that Pope Pius IX established the Diocese of Cleveland, of which Youngstown was a part. The first church was completed in 1850. As the parish grew, it required a larger church, which it completed in 1868. The first parish school building was opened three years later. The parish continued to grow and constructed yet another church which opened in 1897. Bishop Ignatius Horstmann consecrated the sanctuary in 1903. The parish added", "id": "13619245" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Stephen Church is a Roman Catholic church located in the Detroit-Shoreway neighborhood on the west side of Cleveland, Ohio. The gothic style building was designed by architects Cudell & Richardson. The current church was built in 1875 and was added into the National Register of Historic Places in 1977. St. Stephen Roman Catholic Church was founded in 1869 due to a need for a second German parish on the west side of Cleveland. The first German parish, St. Mary's, increased so much that Cleveland was in need of a", "id": "19215917" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cincinnati, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Michael the Archangel Church is a Roman Catholic church located at 2110 St. Michael Street, in Cincinnati, Ohio. The cornerstone of this church was laid in 1847 and the church dedicated a year later. The church closed April 5, 1998. As the tide of German immigrants continued to rise in Cincinnati, more churches were needed. Holy Trinity Church was the first German speaking parish. As the city grew in three directions; north, east and west; there were three parishes which descended from that parish Old St. Mary", "id": "11338581" }, { "contents": "St. John's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. John's Episcopal Church is located at 2600 Church Avenue in the Ohio City neighborhood of Cleveland, Ohio. St. John's is the oldest consecrated building in Cuyahoga county. This stone gothic revival church building was designed by Hezekiah Eldredge and built beginning in 1836 and was completed 1838. Eldridge was probably familiar with John Henry Hopkins' \"An Essay on Gothic Architecture\", the first book on Gothic ecclesiastical architecture to be published in the United States. St. John's is a good representative of a small group of American churches", "id": "18742414" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland Heights, Ohio)\n\n\nFairmount Blvd, it is a contributing property in the Fairmount Boulevard District, which is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. St. Paul's was first established in the city of Cleveland, Ohio on October 26, 1846. The congregation did not have its own building until 1851, as a frame building completed in 1849 burned completely. A small brick church in the Gothic Revival style was completed for the parish at Euclid and Sheriff (East 4th) Streets by 1858. St. Paul's congregation outgrew the church, however", "id": "18644038" }, { "contents": "Irvington, Baltimore\n\n\nPassion\", marking the beginning of St. Joseph's Monastery Parish. Construction of a new, larger church began in 1881 and was completed in 1883. Its cornerstone was placed by Cardinal James Gibbons. The original monastery, beside the church, burned down in 1883. A new monastery was completed in 1886. The monastery chapel is extant and contains an 1887 Niemann pipe organ. The congregation of St. Joseph's Monastery Parish outgrew their church building in the following century. In 1931, Archbishop Michael Joseph Curley placed the cornerstone for", "id": "5906170" }, { "contents": "St. Theodosius Russian Orthodox Cathedral\n\n\nSt. Theodosius Cathedral is an Orthodox church located on Starkweather Avenue in the Tremont neighborhood, on the near west side of Cleveland, Ohio. It is considered one of the best examples of Russian church architecture in the U.S. and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The parish is the first Orthodox parish in Cleveland and is currently under the jurisdiction of the Diocese of the Midwest of the Orthodox Church in America. St. Theodosius is perhaps best known for its appearance in the 1978 film, \"The Deer Hunter\" with", "id": "13141384" }, { "contents": "St. Casimir Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nBoth the church building and the school building are GNIS named features. The church building is listed as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. To provide properly for the large and steadily increasing number of Poles in the north-eastern part of Cleveland it was necessary to organize them into the third Polish congregation within the limits of the city. They lived too far away from St. Stanislaus Church, with which they had been affiliated, for them to conveniently either attend Mass or for their children to attend the parish school. They therefore petitioned Bishop", "id": "12488230" }, { "contents": "St. Henry's Catholic Church (Harriettsville, Ohio)\n\n\nChurch in Fulda in order to hear Mass. Virtually all of the members in the early decades were Germans or of German descent. A parish school was formed in the late 1870s, and in its first twenty years, the parish grew fourfold in membership. This growth caused the original church building to be too small: land for a new building was purchased in 1879, and construction finished in 1894. St. Henry's Church is a stone building in the Gothic Revival style; the most prominent component is a multi-story tower", "id": "19205430" }, { "contents": "St. Michael's Church, Old Town, Chicago\n\n\nSt. Michael's Church in the Old Town neighborhood of Chicago is a Roman Catholic church staffed by the Redemptorist order of priests. The parish was founded to minister to German Catholic immigrants in 1852 with its first wooden church completed that year at a cost of $750 (including the bell). The building stands at the intersection of Eugenie Street and Cleveland Avenue. The church was built as a haven for German immigrants who were outcasts in Old Chicago. In addition, the town's main church, St. Joseph's Church,", "id": "10838314" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cincinnati, Ohio)\n\n\n's Church, St. Philomena's Church and St. Joseph's Church. The three parishes were founded in 1840, 1846 and 1846 respectively. As more immigration followed, St. Michael's was founded, the first filial parish of St. Joseph. The parish was located to what was then called Storrs Township. Forty-five persons organized themselves into a congregation in the early part of 1847 and drew up a constitution for the church A lot was donated by Innocent Troenle and two additional adjacent pieces of property were bought in April and May", "id": "11338582" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Michael and St. Anthony\n\n\ntoday to mostly Poles and Italians. The church has also been noted for its Byzantine Revival architecture, complete with a dome and minaret-styled tower, making it \"one of the more unique examples of church architecture in Montréal.\" Construction on the Church of St. Michael the Archangel began in 1914, for what would grow to become the largest anglophone parish in Montreal. After a brief delay following the commencement of World War I, the church was completed in 1915 at a cost of $232,000, with a capacity of", "id": "10850773" }, { "contents": "Zion Lutheran Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nother Cleveland-area Lutheran congregations, including Trinity Lutheran Church, are Zion's daughters. The original church building was located downtown, but the east-side German community was strong enough by 1902 that the congregation deemed Prospect Avenue a better location for serving the community. From its earliest years, the congregation had sponsored a school; Zion Lutheran School was founded in 1848, at which time all scholars were instructed in German. The school moved to Prospect Avenue ahead of the church; the present building was completed in 1903,", "id": "19215937" }, { "contents": "St. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\non their behalf with papal authorities, and Charles Boehm of Hungary settled in Cleveland in late 1892 to serve the new St. Elizabeth parish, the first Hungarian nationality parish in America. Boehm immediately began registering members and advocating for the construction of a church complex; the first church building, a brick structure, was erected by the end of 1893, a school soon followed, and a larger school was completed in 1900 because of expanded enrollment. He also began a Hungarian-language parish newspaper that soon gained subscribers in other parts", "id": "19215854" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church, Madison\n\n\ndying Catholics (he was a doctor as well). Costigan is believed to have been the Catholic architect of the church. Costigan was only recorded as being a member of the parish during the construction, but details of the church building mirror his other buildings in Madison. In December 1839 St. Michael the Archangel Catholic Church was completed. As the City of Madison grew, so did its Catholic population. German–Catholics had increased highly in numbers and had formed a separate congregation within St. Michael's. In 1850, the", "id": "2385658" }, { "contents": "Pilgrim Congregational Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nonly a short time, as construction on the present building was started just 23 years after the first building was finished. The name \"Pilgrim Congregational Church\" was adopted in 1894 upon the completion of the present building; they had been styled \"Heights Congregational Church\" into the 1870s and used the name \"Jennings Avenue Congregational Church\" in the 1880s. The building was a community landmark from its earliest years — electric wiring was included in the original construction at a time when no other Cleveland buildings west of the Cuyahoga River", "id": "19215839" }, { "contents": "St. Monica Church (Manhattan)\n\n\nin 1880 he began conducting Mass over a feed store at 404 East 78th Street. The following year, he purchased land for the construction of the church and school. Construction of the first church building was completed in 1883. In 1892, the address was listed as 409 E 79th Street. The Rev. John J. Boyle served as acting rector at St. Monica's before becoming the founding pastor of St. Luke's Church (Bronx, New York). The current Gothic Revival church building was erected in 1906 to the designs of", "id": "18565781" }, { "contents": "Annunciation Church (historic) (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nAnnunciation Church (historic) (), was a Catholic parish church in Cleveland, Ohio and part of the Diocese of Cleveland. It was located at the intersection of Hurd St. and Moore St., now part of the West Side Market parking lot, in the Ohio City neighborhood. The location where the church once stood can be found, in an 1881 atlas, at the south-west corner of Hurd St. and Moore St., on the west bank of the Cuyahoga river above part of the Flats historically known as Ox", "id": "14549709" }, { "contents": "Sacred Heart of Jesus Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n. Between 1885 and 1889 a large number of Poles settled in South Cleveland, in the area of East 71st St. and Harvard Ave. They lived too far away from St. Stanislaus church for them to conveniently either attend Mass or for their children to attend the parish school. They petitioned Bishop Richard Gilmour for permission to form a new parish and build a church for their own use. The petition to form a new parish and build a church was granted, and the parish was founded in  — about 42 years after the Diocese", "id": "12287909" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland Heights, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Paul's Episcopal Church is a parish of the Episcopal Church in Cleveland Heights, Ohio. The current rector is the Rev. Jeanne Leinbach, installed on October 23, 2015. She is the first female rector of St. Paul's. Her predecessor was the Rev. Alan M. Gates, who served from 2004-2014, before his election as Bishop of Massachusetts. St. Paul's is a leading church and has the largest congregation in the Episcopal Diocese of Ohio. The church building is a Cleveland Heights landmark. Located at 2747", "id": "18644037" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nRev. Richard Gilmour. Volunteer German and Hungarian woodworkers completed the interior of the church. Over the next 40 years, the parish added a rectory, convent for the Sisters of Notre Dame and two school buildings including one for and an all girls two-year high school which opened in 1905. After World War II, St. Stephen's parish experienced unprecedented growth due to the population growth in Cleveland and throughout the country. On June 8, 1953 a tornado severely damaged the church structure. Work to restore the building began immediately", "id": "19215920" }, { "contents": "Cathedral of St. John the Evangelist (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nstyle and the Bishop laid the cornerstone October 22, 1848. Until the new building was completed in 1852, St. Mary's served as cathedral for the diocese. At the time of its completion, the new cathedral was the well beyond Cleveland's Public Square. Alterations and additions began on the church almost as soon as the initial construction was complete. In 1857, a boys' school was added and within ten years, it was joined by a parish hall and girls' school. In 1879, the parish raised sufficient", "id": "10656550" }, { "contents": "St. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nthe present building. Although the cornerstone was laid in 1918, the construction process was lengthy, and it was finally completed only in 1922. Built primarily of limestone, according to a design of Cleveland architect Emile Uhlrich, the church is an example of Italian-influenced Baroque Revival architecture, partly modelled after the church of Sant'Agnese in Agone in Rome. Two great towers, topped with cupolas, form the ends of the facade, while a great rose window sits in the middle section of the facade high above the main entrance", "id": "19215857" }, { "contents": "St. Nicholas' Catholic Church (Osgood, Ohio)\n\n\nnearby villages; St. Augustine's Church in Minster and St. Michael's Church in Fort Loramie were established by 1850, but the foundations of a parish in Osgood were not laid until 1904, and formal establishment of the parish came in 1906. In its earliest years, the Mass was celebrated in common buildings; after worshipping for a time in a school, the parishioners purchased a barn for ecclesiastical purposes. For many years, the improvement of the parish's facilities was hindered by its size; the fewness of its members meant", "id": "421917" }, { "contents": "Union–Miles Park\n\n\na congregation for African Americans, was founded 1914, and erected its first church building and school in 1916 at what is now Union Avenue and Martin Luther King Drive. The congregation that formed Archangel Michael Orthodox Church ( St. Michael's Orthodox Church) split from St. John the Baptist Orthodox Church in 1921. It began construction of its new church home at 10000 Union Avenue in April 1924, completing the structure in 1926. Although the long-standing Cataract House closed in 1917, the first Union–Miles Park movie theater,", "id": "20793486" }, { "contents": "St. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church is a historic Roman Catholic church in the Buckeye Road neighborhood on the east side of Cleveland, Ohio, United States. The earliest ethnic parish established for Hungarians in the United States, its present building was constructed in the early twentieth century, and it has been named a historic site. Cleveland's first Hungarian Catholics initially worshipped at St. Ladislaus' Church, an east-side Slovakian parish, but ethnic strife and increasing immigration prompted the Hungarian community to seek their own parish. Bishop Horstmann interceded", "id": "19215853" }, { "contents": "Sacred Heart of Jesus Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSacred Heart of Jesus (), was a Catholic parish church in Cleveland, Ohio and part of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland. It was located at the north-west corner of intersection of East 71st St. and Kazimier St., in a part of the South Broadway neighborhood previously known in Polish as \"\" and nicknamed \"Goosetown\". Both the church building and the school building are GNIS named features. The church, school, and rectory buildings are listed together as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. The church was closed", "id": "12287908" }, { "contents": "St. Mary Mother of the Redeemer Church (Norwalk, Ohio)\n\n\nSaint Mary Mother of the Redeemer Church is a parish in the Roman Catholic Diocese of Toledo. The current church is located at 38 W. League Street, Norwalk, Ohio. Construction on the building began on May 29, 1889, and was completed in 1894. The church was previously twinned with St. Alphonsus in Peru, Ohio, but was later twinned with St. Anthony in Milan, Ohio, after a mass restructuring of the diocese. The Century House was a name given to several buildings, now all demolished, within the", "id": "21671394" }, { "contents": "Pilgrim Congregational Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nPilgrim Congregational Church is a historic congregation of the United Church of Christ in Cleveland, Ohio, United States. Constructed in the 1890s for a congregation founded in the 1850s, it was named a historic site in the 1970s. Congregationalists began operating a Sunday school in Cleveland's Tremont neighborhood in 1854, and their efforts resulted in the creation of a church five years later. The members began construction of their first church building in 1865, although it was not completed until 1870. It was suitable for the congregation's needs for", "id": "19215838" }, { "contents": "Sidney Mason Stone\n\n\n; St. Patrick's Church, New Haven (1853) constructed of East Haven sandstone;First Congregational Church, Naugatuck, CT (1855) and Wooster Place Congregational Church, Wooster Square, New Haven (1855) (now the Church of St. Michael) the original design for which featured a Corinthian portico and tall steeple. In \"New Haven: A Guide to Architecture and Urban Design\", Brown remarks on St. Michael's, “The building has burned twice, the steeple blown down once...Only the side walls and tall", "id": "165241" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Dayton, Ohio)\n\n\ncentury, the parish had outgrown it, and construction began on a new building; Archbishop Moeller laid the cornerstone in July 1905 and consecrated it in November 1906. Growth continued, and St. Anthony's Church was established in 1913 by families coming out of St. Mary's. St. Mary's remains an active part of the Archdiocese of Cincinnati to the present day. Masses are celebrated both in English and in Spanish. The current St. Mary's Church is a Romanesque Revival structure built in a mix of brick and stone. Constructed", "id": "19205375" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Indianapolis, Indiana)\n\n\nuntil the Diocese of Indianapolis established Holy Rosary Catholic Church, an Italian national parish in Indianapolis in 1911. After the turn of the century, when the neighborhood become commercial, the parish purchased property at New Jersey and Vermont streets, where they built the present church, which was under construction from 1910 to 1912. St. Mary's adapted to its changing ethnic neighborhood over the years. In 1967, as the city's Spanish-speaking community began to grow, the parish began offering Sunday mass in Spanish. German-language", "id": "3660949" }, { "contents": "St. John's Catholic Church (Fryburg, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. John Catholic Church is a Roman Catholic church in the unincorporated community of Fryburg in Pusheta Township, Auglaize County, Ohio, United States. The parish was established in 1848, the same year in which the community was platted, and construction was completed in 1850. A Catholic school in connection with the church was established in 1877. Both buildings feature fine architecture: the church includes Gothic Revival elements such as ornate pilasters and lancet windows, while the former school is a good example of Federal architecture. St. John's is", "id": "11283325" }, { "contents": "St. Augustine Parish (Hartford, Connecticut)\n\n\nSt. Augustine Parish is a Roman Catholic parish located in Hartford, Connecticut. In addition to a church, the parish also administers a school, St. Augustine School. St. Augustine Parish was established in August 1902 with Fr. Michael Barry appointed as its first pastor. At that time, a church building had not yet been constructed so mass was offered at the Washington Street School until a basement chapel was completed in 1903. The current Romanesque-style church was completed in 1912 and dedicated by Bishop John J. Nilan of the then", "id": "21104070" }, { "contents": "Zion Lutheran Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nFirst Methodist, Trinity Cathedral, and St. Paul's Episcopal Church on Euclid Avenue. This condition persisted into the mid-1910s, at which point the neighborhood transitioned into a largely commercial area. Beginning after 1930, the neighborhood deteriorated as many buildings were demolished, often to create room for parking lots. In such an environment Zion Lutheran Church was constructed in 1902 and opened for public use in the following year. It is home to a congregation founded by German immigrants in 1843, the oldest extant Lutheran congregation in the city; many", "id": "19215936" }, { "contents": "Church of St Paul, Letchworth\n\n\nallow construction of the new church to begin, with the foundation stone being laid on 10 October 1923 by the Marchioness of Salisbury. Work on the first section of the building was completed including three and a half bays of the nave with arcades at the sides. This first section was consecrated by Michael Furse, the Bishop of St Albans on 3 May 1924. A tower was intended but was never built. By 1924 the church was becoming too small for its growing congregation and work on an extension began in early 1931,", "id": "1720772" }, { "contents": "Basilica of the Sacred Heart of Jesus, Syracuse\n\n\noriginal church was located across the street from the current structure. The first Mass in the new parish church was said on August 30, 1892, with the formal dedication taking place nearly a year later on June 11, 1893. The congregation outgrew the first church within a decade, and a decision was made to construct a new church. The foundations were built by parishioners in order to save money, and the cornerstone was laid in 1907. Work was completed in three years, and the church was completed and dedicated on", "id": "4119395" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n, side altars and pulpit are made entirely of oak wood and decorated with beautiful German woodcarvings. The church pews are also oak. A Mexican onyx and brass Communion rail was installed over the years and the floor of the sanctuary and aisles is made of black and white marble tiles. St. Stephen's is a fully active Roman Catholic Parish in the Diocese of Cleveland. This means that they have a full parish staff and church council. They have regular Sunday Masses as well as daily Masses. German Mass is offered every first", "id": "19215923" }, { "contents": "Roncesvalles, Toronto\n\n\nWomenpriests at the church. St. Casimir's Polish Roman Catholic Church at Garden Avenue, offers Polish masses on Sundays. Its origins begin in 1944 when the Oblate Mission decided to create the third Polish parish (and first in the west end) in Toronto. The lot on which the church stands today was purchased for $15,000 in 1948 and construction on the parish hall began the same year. The first mass was held in the church hall in 1949. The church was completed and officially began offering mass on May 23,", "id": "3040916" }, { "contents": "Rajavoor\n\n\nSt. Michael's Shrine which is located at the center part of Rajavoor. The annual feast starts on the first Friday of May with a flag hoisting followed by a ten-day Mass and adoration. The eighth, ninth and tenth days are marked with a car procession to St. Michael Archangel, carnival ended with High Mass in front of the Holy Cars. The Roman Catholics and parish are administered by the Kottar Diocese. Another notable church, Our Lady of Presentation (Kaanikkai Maathaa) Church is attached to the Rajavoor Parish as", "id": "4595849" }, { "contents": "Transfiguration Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nBaptist Church in the nearby suburb of Garfield Heights, Ohio, which had a large, new structure. In April 1943, Trinity Baptist Church sold its building to the Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland for $35,000 ($ in dollars). The Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland erected Transfiguration Parish on July 30, 1943. The parish was divided from nearby Immaculate Heart of Mary Church and Shrine Church of St. Stanislaus parishes. Reverend Joseph F. Zabawa was named the pastor of the new congregation, which took up residence in the Trinity", "id": "20542089" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Augustine (Larchmont, New York)\n\n\nThe Church of St. Augustine is a Roman Catholic church located in Larchmont, New York. The parish having been founded in 1892, the present Gothic Revival church building was constructed in 1928. With a growing number of Catholics living in Larchmont, New York—many of them domestic servants who attended Blessed Sacrament Church in New Rochelle or Most Holy Trinity Church in Mamaroneck—the Archbishop of New York, Michael Corrigan, created the parish of St. Augustine was created in 1892. The decision to establish a parish was motivated in part", "id": "19300736" }, { "contents": "St. Barbara Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Barbara Catholic Church () is a parish of the Roman Catholic Church in Cleveland, Ohio, within the Diocese of Cleveland. The parish church is located on Denison Ave. between West 16th St. and the southbound entrance to SR 176, in a part of the Brooklyn Centre neighborhood previously known in Polish as . The red brick parish church, designed by H.C. Gabele, is a local landmark. It is a GNIS named feature. The church, rectory and convent buildings are listed together as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. The", "id": "13695356" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\ntwo years the parishioners worshipped in a hotel before constructing a building at Fourth and Euclid downtown. A fire destroyed the structure before it was completed, but people throughout the city contributed funds to build a brick replacement in 1851. By the 1870s, the streets surrounding the church had become primarily commercial, so the vestry sold the building and rented halls while building the present church eastward on Euclid Avenue. Its placement amid the wealthy Millionaire's Row district soon caused it to become a symbol of the neighborhood. However, the membership", "id": "19215901" }, { "contents": "St Michael the Archangel Church, Chatham\n\n\nHeart Church in Luton. St Paulinus Church was built in 1788 as a Wesleyan Chapel. In 1892, it was bought by the local Catholic Church. Sacred Heart Church was built in 1949. On 26 June 1949, its foundation stone was laid by the parish priest of St Michael's Church. St Paulinus Church has one Sunday Mass at 9:00am. Sacred Heart Church also has one Sunday Mass, it is at 10:30am. St Michael's Church has four Sunday Masses: 6:30pm on Saturday and 9:30am, 11:00am and 6:00pm on", "id": "19228802" }, { "contents": "St Michael and All Angels Church, Kingaroy\n\n\n's construction. Architect Colin Deighton, who was assistant to John Hingeston Buckeridge, the Anglican Diocese of Brisbane Architect between 1887 and 1901, designed the church. Deighton designed a number of country churches and St Colomb's Anglican Church at Clayfield in Brisbane. The foundation stone of St Michael and All Angels Church was laid on 10 November 1910 by the Venerable Arthur Rivers, Archdeacon of Toowoomba. Construction of the building, which was to seat 250 worshippers, began in December 1910 and was completed in 1911. Its cost, including", "id": "3972006" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Catholic Church (Chicago)\n\n\nSt. Michael () is a church of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Chicago. The current church is located at E. 83rd Street and S. South Shore Drive in South Chicago, a neighborhood of Chicago, Illinois. It is a prime example of the so-called \"Polish Cathedral style\" of churches in both its opulence and grand scale. Along with Immaculate Conception, it is one of the two monumental Polish churches dominating over the South Chicago neighborhood. Founded in 1892 as a Polish parish in Chicago to relieve overcrowding at Immaculate", "id": "20616064" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nof St. Stephen's for 38 years. In 1873, Fr. Reichlin realized that a new church building was needed to accommodate the growing parish. The Cleveland-based architect firm called Cudell & Richardson was hired to build the structure that still stands today as St. Stephen's Roman Catholic Church. Due to economic depression in the mid-1870s, work on the new building was stopped. Parishioners mortgaged their own properties to raise funds for the new church. It was dedicated on November 20, 1881 by the second bishop of Cleveland,", "id": "19215919" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church, Madison\n\n\n1992, the parishes of St. Mary's and St. Michael's became one community of faith, with one priest, Father John Meyer, and two church buildings. Saturday night mass was held at St. Michael's for St. Michael's ‘parishioners,’ and on Sunday morning, mass was held at St. Mary's. In 1993, the area's two other Catholic Churches (St. Patrick's and St. Anthony's) were merged with St. Mary's-St. Michael's as well. St. Michael's had extensive roof damage", "id": "2385663" }, { "contents": "St. Michael's Church, Hildesheim\n\n\nin 1010 and dedicated the still unfinished building to Michael on the archangel's feast day, 29 September 1022, just a few weeks before his death. Construction, however, continued under his successor, Bishop Godehard (died 1038), who completed the work in 1031 and reconsecrated the church to Michael on September 29 of that year. The church has double choirs east and west, double tripartite transepts at either end of the nave, and six towers----two large ones over the crossings east and west, and four other tall and", "id": "721679" }, { "contents": "St. Augustine's Catholic Church (Napoleon, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Augustine's Catholic Church is a historic church in Napoleon, Ohio, United States. Located on the edge of the city's downtown, two blocks away from the Henry County Courthouse, the church is a prominent landmark in Napoleon. St. Augustine Parish was founded at some point between 1856 and 1858; its first priest was Michael Pietz. The parish was dedicated to St. Augustine in honor of Augustine Pilliod, who supervised the construction of its first building. This structure was replaced with the current church, which was built at", "id": "13450149" }, { "contents": "Saint Patrick's Church (Dubuque, Iowa)\n\n\nMcCabe was assigned as the first resident pastor. The cornerstone of the present brick church was laid in 1877, and the building dedicated on August 15, 1878. In 1928, the Rev. J.J. Hanley remodeled and enlarged the church. St. Patrick Church was originally built for service to the Irish settlers of Dubuque and while the parish has maintained a healthy respect for its Irish heritage over its many years of service, the parish now specializes in service to the Hispanic residents of Dubuque. The parish offers a Spanish Mass on Sundays,", "id": "20590874" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nsecond parish for German-speaking Catholics. In April 1869 the first bishop of Cleveland, Bishop Louis Amadeus Rappe, appointed Fr. Stephen Falk to have a two-story building built. The building would be used as a church on the upper level and a school on the lower level to accommodate the 200 families from St. Mary's that lived west of 44th Street. The newly ordained Fr. Casimir Reichlin became the first pastor and said the first Mass of the parish on May 1, 1870. He served as pastor", "id": "19215918" }, { "contents": "Immaculate Conception Catholic Church (Fulda, Ohio)\n\n\n. Construction began on a small church building under the ministry of the priest from Miltonsburg, and Archbishop Purcell of Cincinnati dedicated it in 1853. Ten years later, the parishioners constructed a parish school, and a rectory followed in 1866; its large size and pretentious architecture resulted in a high construction cost of $2,500. By this time, the original church building had become entirely inadequate for the needs of the congregation, and replacement plans were laid; the cornerstone was laid in May 1874, and Bishop Rosecrans of Columbus dedicated", "id": "19205436" }, { "contents": "St. Vitus's Church, Cleveland\n\n\nSt. Vitus is a parish of the Roman Catholic Church in Cleveland, Ohio, United States, in the Diocese of Cleveland. The parish church, located at 6019 Lausche Avenue in the St. Clair-Superior neighborhood, was completed in 1932. The first documented Slovenian to settle in the Cleveland area was Joseph Turk, who came about 1883, most likely from Carniola, and settled on Marble Avenue, near the steel mills. He helped organize the Catholic Slovenes in Cleveland, and requested that Bishop Richard Gilmour of Cleveland appoint a", "id": "916020" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Catholic Church (St. Patrick, Ohio)\n\n\nrectory in 1919 to house its pastor; before its construction, St. Patrick's was served by priests from St. Michael's Church in Fort Loramie to the southwest. In 1977, the church and rectory were recorded by the Ohio Historic Inventory for the purpose of historic preservation; both buildings were ranked in good condition without any significant risks. Two years later, they were listed together on the National Register of Historic Places, along with over thirty other buildings in the Land of the Cross-Tipped Churches. When these churches were", "id": "15760892" }, { "contents": "Cathedral of St Michael and St John\n\n\n. In that year work commenced on a permanent church building located on the corner of George and Keppel Streets. St Michael's Church was a Victorian Gothic style building constructed in brick. It was in use by 1841 but appears not to have been completed until 1846 when leadlight windows were installed. Bishop John Bede Polding (1794-1877), first Catholic Archbishop of Sydney, was interested in fostering the English Gothic style of architecture in his diocese. He arranged for plans for significant churches to be prepared by English architects including", "id": "17452035" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Cathedral, Thunder Bay\n\n\n. From there, St. Patrick's Church was one of many churches that was missioned to the First Nations in Northern Ontario, as well as St. Andrew's Church, which was handed over to the diocese in 1997. St. Patrick's was built in 1892, the same year as Thunder Bay was incorporated as a town. The foundation stone was laid on 10 October 1891, and the first Mass was celebrated on 21 August 1892. The Jesuit parish priests made plans for the construction of an elementary school later that decade.", "id": "14488629" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Catholic Church (Toledo, Ohio)\n\n\nfor use in a new building. Fr. Edward Hannin, pastor of St. Patrick's, set out to create \"the finest church in this part of the land,\" for his congregation and began to raise money for construction. When it was completed, St. Patrick's was considered one of the finest examples of Gothic Revival architecture in the United States. The exterior is constructed of Amherst blue sandstone and the interior contains ten red granite columns. The church was dedicated on April 13, 1901. The church underwent extensive", "id": "9145471" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Dayton, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Mary's Catholic Church is a historic Catholic church building in an eastern neighborhood of Dayton, Ohio, United States. Constructed at the beginning of the twentieth century, it remains home to an active parish. Its grand architecture has made it an aviator's landmark, and it has been named a historic site by the federal government. Emanuel Church, the first Catholic parish in Dayton, was formed in 1837. Many English-speaking families left to form a separate parish in 1846, but Emanuel continued growing to the point", "id": "19205373" }, { "contents": "Church of St. James the Less\n\n\nmission. Weekly celebration of Mass resumed on Sundays at 5:00 pm. The breakaway congregation now meets at the Holy Cross Catholic church and is known as the Church of Saint Michael the Archangel. During the controversy, the parish school closed circa 2006. As part of its mandate, Saint Mark's Church began a fundraising effort to open a new parish school to serve this local community. In 2009 and 2010, the St. Mark's congregation (together with St. Francis Episcopal Church in Potomac, Maryland) sponsored Vacation Bible School at", "id": "12322466" }, { "contents": "St. John's Evangelical Lutheran Church (Springfield, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. John's Evangelical Lutheran Church is a historic Lutheran church in downtown Springfield, Ohio, United States. Founded as a German-speaking parish in Springfield's early days, it grew rapidly during its first few decades, and its present large church building was constructed in the 1890s under the direction of one of Springfield's leading architects. The congregation remains in the landmark church building, which has been named a historic site. Springfield's first Lutheran congregation was organized in May 1841, and a separate group of German Lutherans began", "id": "18832000" }, { "contents": "St Michael and St John Church, Clitheroe\n\n\nGrade II listed building. In September 2008, the Jesuits handed the church over to the Diocese of Salford who continue to serve the parish. Two years later, the parish merged with St Mary Queen of Peace Church in Sabden to form the parish of Our Lady of the Valley. St Mary's was built in 1877 and it was made into a parish in 1909, so that the parishioners did not have to travel the sizeable distance to attend Mass in Clitheroe. The parish has two Sunday Masses at St Michael and St", "id": "5090732" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n. St. Paul's church building is one of just six Gothic Revival churches built in Cleveland during the 1870s that survived into the 1980s. At one time considered Cleveland's grandest and largest church, it is distinguished by the unusual architecture of the peak of the bell tower, and the open interior features extensive detailing, along with seating for one thousand worshippers. Covered with sandstone from Berea, the building was a work of Gordon W. Lloyd, a Detroit architect who also produced grand churches in Ohio cities of various sizes, ranging", "id": "19215903" }, { "contents": "St. Aloysius' Catholic Church (Carthagena, Ohio)\n\n\nerected in 1865. In their earliest years, the people worshipped in the chapel of the adjacent St. Charles Seminary. Throughout its history, the church has been significantly influenced by the seminary, which trained the priests of the Missionaries of the Precious Blood and provided pastors for the church. As its membership grew, the parish decided to construct a church building. Plans were laid and construction began in 1875; the cornerstone was laid in May 1877, and the church was consecrated on June 30, 1878; the parishioners had performed", "id": "20255448" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Church (Monroe, Michigan)\n\n\nto come. St. Michael Church is located along the River Raisin on West Front Street in the city of Monroe, MI. The 183 foot steeple isn't hard to miss. When you come into Monroe you can easily see St. Michael's A tradition at St. Michael Church is the parish prayer. It is said before the beginning of every mass. It reads: \"Lord, God, we glorify Your holy name and thank you for calling us, the people of Saint Michael the Archangel Parish, to be one in", "id": "12346363" }, { "contents": "St Michael and All Angels Church, Barton Turf\n\n\nSt Michael and All Angels is the Church of England parish church of Barton Turf in the county of Norfolk in England. See Inside here. It stands about a kilometre south-west of the village in the midst of a plantation of trees. Particularly notable for its surviving paintings, the church is listed with Grade I. The building was at first constructed in rather an undistinguished Perpendicular style, possessing a tower at the west end of the church. The church is best known for the twelve panels of its late-Gothic rood", "id": "15249529" }, { "contents": "St Michael and All Angels' Church, Haworth\n\n\nSt Michael and All Angels' Church is the Church of England parish church of Haworth, West Yorkshire. The current structure, the third church building on the site, was built between 1879 and 1881 although parts of the original medieval church building, notably the tower, survive from earlier periods. The church is best known for its historic association with the Brontë sisters whose father Revd. Patrick Brontë served as minister of the parish between 1820 and 1861. A chapel has existed on the site since 1488, though records held at", "id": "17201346" }, { "contents": "St. Peter Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Peter Church (), is a Catholic parish church in Cleveland, Ohio and part of the Diocese of Cleveland. Founded in , it is located at the intersection of Superior Ave. near East 17th St., in the Downtown neighborhood. The church is a longstanding city landmark; George Francis Houck, then the Chancellor, wrote in 1903 that, \"One of the landmarks of the city and Diocese of Cleveland is St. Peter's Church.\" It is listed as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. It is also a named", "id": "13925952" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Church (Monroe, Michigan)\n\n\n. It was used as a church on the first floor and on the second it was used for the school. Later it would only be used as St. Michael School. Then in 1866 the cornerstone for the present church was laid. The large 187 foot steeple wasn't added until 1883. In 1874 the 3-story rectory was built east of the church. In 1918 the parish built the present building of St. Michael School which is now a part of Monroe Catholic Elementary Schools. The movement to establish the parish started in 1845", "id": "12346356" }, { "contents": "St. Casimir Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nRichard Gilmour for permission to form a new parish and build a church for their own use. In December 1891, Monsignor Felix Boff, V.G., administrator of the diocese, granted the required permission. Those parishioners left to form St. Casimir Church in 1891. The parish was founded in 1891 — about 44 years after the Diocese of Cleveland was erected by Pope Pius IX. In December, 1891, Boff appointed Father Benedict Rosinski, pastor of St. Adalbert's, Berea, Ohio, to take charge of the mission. On", "id": "12488231" }, { "contents": "St James' Church, Forest Gate\n\n\nSt James' Church, Forest Gate was a church in Forest Gate, east London. Its origins lay in an iron building constructed around 1870 to serve a conventional district. A parish was formed for it in 1881 from those of Emmanuel Church, All Saints and St John's and its permanent church completed the following year, with an organ moved from St Matthew's Church, Friday Street. The church was demolished in 1964 and for two years its congregation worshiped in the Durning Hall Community Centre's chapel until the parish was", "id": "17208906" }, { "contents": "North Presbyterian Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nNorth Presbyterian Church is a historic Presbyterian church on the east side of Cleveland, Ohio, United States. Constructed in the 1880s, the church building has been named a historic site. Throughout its history, the congregation has been focused on Sunday school work. North Presbyterian Church developed out of a mission Sunday school established in east-side Cleveland in 1859. The local presbytery organized a congregation out of the Sunday school in 1867, and within a short while, the new congregation formed the first of two mission Sunday schools in", "id": "19215693" }, { "contents": "St. Vitus's Church, Cleveland\n\n\nVitus to work on the interior. It was finished for the centennial celebration of the parish later that year. St. Vitus remains a strong parish, but Fr. Božnar works with Bishop Lennon's programs to cluster parishes in order to increase strength for inner-city parishes. The church building of St. Vitus itself is constructed in the Lombard-Roman style with pale yellow Falston brick. It is 141 feet long and 100 feet wide with an attached parish house on its west side. Its two Romanesque bell towers reach 110 feet", "id": "916027" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Michael (St. Michael, Minnesota)\n\n\nof the church came from Saint John's Abbey in Collegeville. In 1866 a new church was built in the center of the town and served for about 25 years. In 1890 the parish built a Gothic Revival building, which was the largest church in Wright County at the time. The building features ornate statues and German woodcarvings. Although the parish had a mostly German ethnicity for many years, since 1985 the number of families in the parish doubled, and it no longer appears to be an ethnic parish. In 2004 the", "id": "1327870" }, { "contents": "St. Thomas Church (Underhill, Vermont)\n\n\nSt. Thomas Church is a Roman Catholic church in the Town of Underhill, Vermont in the United States, located in the unincorporated village of \"Underhill Center\". The church was built from 1891-92 after its predecessor had burned down on 19 December 1890. The cornerstone for the current St. Thomas Church building was laid on 12 August 1891 at an event that had an estimated 1,000 attendees. Although the construction period spanned from 1 May 1891 until December 1892, the first Mass was nevertheless held in the basement of the church", "id": "6739395" }, { "contents": "St. William Parish (Lawncrest)\n\n\n1950s and 60's, saw many changes come to the physical plant of the Parish that reflected the housing boom of the area, the economic upswing of the times and the growing parish population. Many of the original \"Motley Buildings\" were completely replaced. The Middle School (Junior High/Upper School) building was built and later an additional floor was added. When consideration was had for the completion of the Upper Church, it was found that the basement church was not structurally sufficient to support additional construction. In 1955", "id": "10364503" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Michael the Archangel, Katowice\n\n\nChurch of St. Michael Archangel () is one of the oldest buildings in Katowice. It's located in Kościuszko Park, where it was moved in 1938 from the village Syrynia, where it was originally constructed in 1510. It is under the invocation of St. Michael. It has end-fitted log framework construction and shingled roof. Free-standing belltower was completed before 1679; it has historic lych-gate and wooden fence around the churchyard. The church of St. Michael Archangel was first built in 1305 in Syrynia, near", "id": "21359049" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Catholic Church (St. Patrick, Ohio)\n\n\n's was closely connected to many other churches in western Ohio: wide areas of western Ohio that were primarily settled by Catholics feature large churches at sparsely-populated crossroads. While most of these churches are constructed in the Gothic Revival style of architecture, some of the newer churches of the region — including St. Patrick's — appear in a variety of styles; St. Patrick's was one of the few that lacked the high steeples of the Gothic Revival structures. The leading role of these churches in western Shelby County and the lands", "id": "15760890" }, { "contents": "St Michael's Roman Catholic Church, Linlithgow\n\n\nchildren the congregation capitalised on the spirit of cooperation and community and set out to build a school. Located on a site next to the church St. Joseph's school was opened on 1 July 1889 and served the children of the parish until 1964 when new premises were occupied at Preston Road. Although during this time Fr Easson had replaced Fr Murphy as parish priest there was no change of emphasis and all the parish energies were engaged in the effort to complete the church building programme. Plans to double the size of the church were", "id": "17679127" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Delaware, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Mary's Catholic Church is a historic Catholic parish church in the city of Delaware, Ohio, United States. Constructed in the 1880s, this grand building is home to a congregation established in the middle of the nineteenth century. Its grand style has long made it a community landmark, and it was named a historic landmark in 1980. Delaware's first Masses were celebrated by travelling priests in the homes of the city's few Catholics, most of whom were Irish or German immigrants. The members built the first St. Mary", "id": "2642749" }, { "contents": "Church of the Resurrection (Rye, New York)\n\n\nin 1881 at the intersection of Purchase Street and the Boston Post Road, where services were then offered. The parish was incorporated on January 29, 1886, and title to the property was transferred from the archdiocese to the parish itself. A new church building was completed in 1889 on Purchase Street, while the former building was used as the rectory. Thereafter, construction of a parochial school on the Boston Post Road began in 1906 and was completed two years later. With the number of parishioners growing, the church purchased land", "id": "19300829" }, { "contents": "Near North Side, Chicago\n\n\n, most of this area was an enclave to the first emigrants from Puerto Rico to Chicago, who referred to it as part of \"La Clark\" until commercialization decorated late 1960s shop signs with the name of Old Town. The neighborhood is home to St. Michael's Church, originally built to serve German immigrants, and one of only 7 to survive the great Chicago fire. St. Michael's, Holy Name Cathedral, Immaculate Conception, and St. Joseph's Catholic churches all catered to Latinos with a Mass in Spanish. Many", "id": "1540930" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Massillon, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Mary's Catholic Church is a historic Catholic church building in the city of Massillon, Ohio, United States. Constructed in 1876 for a congregation composed largely of European immigrants, it has been named a historic site. The origins of St. Mary parish lie among numerous Germans and Irish who settled in Massillon in its early years and built a small house of worship on Cherry Road in the 1840s. This building stood until 1875, when it was destroyed so that the present church might occupy its location; it was built in", "id": "19205828" }, { "contents": "St. Anne Church (Berlin, New Hampshire)\n\n\nSt. Anne Church is a historic church at 58 Church Street in Berlin, New Hampshire, United States. It is the church for Good Shepherd Parish within the Roman Catholic Diocese of Manchester. St. Anne Parish was founded in 1867, and was Berlin's first Roman Catholic congregation. It was merged with Guardian Angel Parish, St. Joseph Parish, and St. Kieran Parish in 2000 to form Good Shepherd Parish. Its building, constructed in 1900, is an important local example of Romanesque architecture, and was listed on the National Register", "id": "2452362" }, { "contents": "St. Peter Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n, put up by Luhr, was torn down and replaced by a large pastoral residence adjoining the rear of the church, at a cost of $12,000. In the same year a third story was added to St. Peter's school building, and arranged for a parish hall, containing a stage and other conveniences, at a cost of $10,000. In the synod of January 3, 1889, St. Peter's congregation was the first mentioned among the nine principal churches of the diocese which Gilmour named as rectorates, with an", "id": "13925965" }, { "contents": "Trinity Cathedral (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nfirst church building built within the village limits of Cleveland. In 1846, to meet the needs of a growing parish, plans for a larger, centralized building just east of Public Square commenced. The congregation moved into the larger stone structure in the Gothic style on Superior Avenue in 1855. In 1890, Trinity Church was offered to Bishop William A. Leonard for use as a cathedral for the Diocese of Ohio. The congregation would maintain the building and it would serve dual roles as the parish church and cathedral for the diocese.", "id": "19215933" }, { "contents": "St. Andrew's Cathedral (Jackson, Mississippi)\n\n\nat the time that was not located along the Mississippi River. Its church was burned by the Union Army during the American Civil War in 1863. The cornerstone for the second church was laid by the Rt. Rev. William Mercer Green in 1869. By the turn of the Twentieth Century the congregation had outgrown its church building and the present structure was completed in 1903. The Parish House was constructed between 1923 and 1924. The congregation continued to grow and the building along West Street was built in 1955. The bishop moved his", "id": "20556538" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Evansville, Indiana)\n\n\nservice in the first church building was held on April 15, 1883. While construction ensued, a congregant and frequent benefactor, Charles Viele, offered the use of Viele Hall (located on 2nd street between Main and Sycamore streets) to St. Paul's parish. The cornerstone for new St. Paul's was laid on September 3, 1883, and construction completed on March 2, 1886 with Bishop D.B. Knickerbacker consecrating the new building. Charles and Mary Viele continued to sponsor further construction on the church grounds - first with a rectory", "id": "20407572" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Church (Monroe, Michigan)\n\n\nSaint Michael the Archangel Church (St. Michael Church) is located on the west side of the city of Monroe, Michigan along the River Raisin. It is home to 1,200 families and it is one of most important religious institutes in Monroe County. It was founded in the year 1852. The present building was built from 1866-1867. It is in the Archdiocese of Detroit. Its current priest is Rev. Phillip Ching. When the parish was first established, the mayor of Monroe palatial residence was remodeled as a temporary church", "id": "12346355" }, { "contents": "St. Mary Congregational Church\n\n\nSt. Mary Congregational Church in Abbeville, Louisiana is the oldest incorporated, predominantly African-American church in Vermilion Parish. Its historic Gothic Revival style church at 213 S. Louisiana Avenue, constructed in 1905 to replace a previous building, was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1999. American Missionary Association records show the congregation dates to at least 1877. The structure is a three-bay, gable-fronted church with a prominent corner tower. The tower is three-stage and square. The church is currently non", "id": "17676536" }, { "contents": "St. Charles of the Valley Catholic Church and Rectory\n\n\nSt. Charles Borromeo Church is a Catholic parish in Hailey, Idaho, in the Diocese of Boise. Its historic parish church and rectory complex, located at Pine and S. 1st Streets, is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Fr. E.M. Nattini began ministering in the Wood River Valley in the 1880s. The population was growing rapidly, and he was soon able to raise funds for the construction of the first church of St. Charles, which began June 17, 1883. It was the first Catholic church ineast of", "id": "20581174" }, { "contents": "Sacred Heart Catholic Church (Dayton, Ohio)\n\n\nprompted some of the members to leave in July 1883 and establish Sacred Heart Church; under the leadership of St. Joseph's associate pastor Hugh McDevitt, the congregation rented a meeting hall while waiting for the construction of their building. Land for the present church was purchased for $19,000, and William Henry Elder laid the cornerstone in June 1888. Exterior work was completed in the following year, and by 1893 construction was close enough to completion that the congregation could begin worshipping in their building. The building was consecrated by Bishop Maes", "id": "22206155" }, { "contents": "St. Vincent de Paul Church (Pontiac, Michigan)\n\n\n. The church continued to grow, and in the 1880s, the Reverend Fridolin Baumgartner began raising funds for the construction of the present church. The congregation hired the Detroit architecture firm of Donaldson & Meier to design the church, and the cornerstone was laid on September 6, 1885. The church was dedicated two years later, on September 18, 1887. A 6600-pound bell was installed in the church in 1890. A rectory was constructed in 1895, a school building was added in 1897, and a parish hall in 1911", "id": "19268922" }, { "contents": "St. Boniface Roman Catholic Church\n\n\npopulation on the west side. In 1873, a two-story, red brick Italianate rectory building was built for the parish at a cost of $6,000. A stone church building was planned by the prominent local architect William M. Scott, and construction was completed in 1883 at a cost of $30,000. The parish was closed in 1989, and the building was demolished a few years later. St. Boniface Church was an eclectic example of Romanesque Revival and Ruskinian Gothic architecture. It was built in a cruciform shape from red", "id": "9736494" } ]

[ { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nchurch congregation reached its peak size in the 1950, when only 25% of the parishioners were of German descent. The first Spanish Mass was said in 1971 for the growing number of Hispanic parishioners. The congregation now is mostly Latin American. The church now offers Masses in both English and Spanish. An annual Good Friday Procession begins or ends at St. Michael's. St Michael's and La Sagrada Familia church alternate every year to begin or end at one of the two churches. There is a stop at St Patrick's", "id": "19125747" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nwhile the new building was under construction. The current church, which had its cornerstone laid in 1889, was completed five years ahead of schedule in 1892. The church building is considered a good example of High Victorian Gothic architecture with its two towers of unequal height, the taller of which rises , and three archways. An architecturally notable school adjacent to the church began construction in 1906 and was completed in 1907. For many years the church was one of the most costly and artistically notable churches in the Cleveland Diocese. The", "id": "19125746" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Michael the Archangel is a Roman Catholic church located at 3114 Scranton Road in the Clark-Fulton neighborhood on the west side of Cleveland, Ohio. The church is named in honor of St. Michael the Archangel and was completed in 1892. The congregation was founded in 1881 as a mission of Ohio City, Cleveland's St. Mary's on-the-Flats to serve a growing German immigrant population on Cleveland's west side. The original church and school building were constructed in 1883 but burned on June 29, 1891,", "id": "19125745" }, { "contents": "St. John's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n's. Trinity Cathedral is now the seat of the Episcopal Diocese of Ohio. St. John's was also the mother church to several of the west side parishes. In 1837, the Ohio City Directory described the church as follows, \"The Episcopal Church, which is not yet finished, is built of hammered stone, and has a lofty steeple. Its style of architecture is Gothic, resembling that of the ancient and venerable Cathedral. This building, when finished, will be one of the best of the kind in the", "id": "18742416" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cincinnati, Ohio)\n\n\n1847. The cornerstone was laid August 1, 1847 and the church dedicated June 4, 1848. Rev. Fr. Zoppoth was selected as the first pastor for the congregation. In 1868 St. Michael Church became the mother parish to St. Lawrence Church which was organized that same year. The Comboni Missionaries took charge of the parish in 1964. By this time many of the German-speaking families in the parish had begun to move to other parts of the city. In a mass celebrated by Daniel Edward Pilarczyk the church building was", "id": "11338583" }, { "contents": "St. Columba Cathedral (Youngstown, Ohio)\n\n\nThe first Mass celebrated in Youngstown occurred in 1826. St. Columba Parish was founded in 1847, the year that Pope Pius IX established the Diocese of Cleveland, of which Youngstown was a part. The first church was completed in 1850. As the parish grew, it required a larger church, which it completed in 1868. The first parish school building was opened three years later. The parish continued to grow and constructed yet another church which opened in 1897. Bishop Ignatius Horstmann consecrated the sanctuary in 1903. The parish added", "id": "13619245" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Stephen Church is a Roman Catholic church located in the Detroit-Shoreway neighborhood on the west side of Cleveland, Ohio. The gothic style building was designed by architects Cudell & Richardson. The current church was built in 1875 and was added into the National Register of Historic Places in 1977. St. Stephen Roman Catholic Church was founded in 1869 due to a need for a second German parish on the west side of Cleveland. The first German parish, St. Mary's, increased so much that Cleveland was in need of a", "id": "19215917" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cincinnati, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Michael the Archangel Church is a Roman Catholic church located at 2110 St. Michael Street, in Cincinnati, Ohio. The cornerstone of this church was laid in 1847 and the church dedicated a year later. The church closed April 5, 1998. As the tide of German immigrants continued to rise in Cincinnati, more churches were needed. Holy Trinity Church was the first German speaking parish. As the city grew in three directions; north, east and west; there were three parishes which descended from that parish Old St. Mary", "id": "11338581" }, { "contents": "St. John's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. John's Episcopal Church is located at 2600 Church Avenue in the Ohio City neighborhood of Cleveland, Ohio. St. John's is the oldest consecrated building in Cuyahoga county. This stone gothic revival church building was designed by Hezekiah Eldredge and built beginning in 1836 and was completed 1838. Eldridge was probably familiar with John Henry Hopkins' \"An Essay on Gothic Architecture\", the first book on Gothic ecclesiastical architecture to be published in the United States. St. John's is a good representative of a small group of American churches", "id": "18742414" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland Heights, Ohio)\n\n\nFairmount Blvd, it is a contributing property in the Fairmount Boulevard District, which is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. St. Paul's was first established in the city of Cleveland, Ohio on October 26, 1846. The congregation did not have its own building until 1851, as a frame building completed in 1849 burned completely. A small brick church in the Gothic Revival style was completed for the parish at Euclid and Sheriff (East 4th) Streets by 1858. St. Paul's congregation outgrew the church, however", "id": "18644038" }, { "contents": "Irvington, Baltimore\n\n\nPassion\", marking the beginning of St. Joseph's Monastery Parish. Construction of a new, larger church began in 1881 and was completed in 1883. Its cornerstone was placed by Cardinal James Gibbons. The original monastery, beside the church, burned down in 1883. A new monastery was completed in 1886. The monastery chapel is extant and contains an 1887 Niemann pipe organ. The congregation of St. Joseph's Monastery Parish outgrew their church building in the following century. In 1931, Archbishop Michael Joseph Curley placed the cornerstone for", "id": "5906170" }, { "contents": "St. Theodosius Russian Orthodox Cathedral\n\n\nSt. Theodosius Cathedral is an Orthodox church located on Starkweather Avenue in the Tremont neighborhood, on the near west side of Cleveland, Ohio. It is considered one of the best examples of Russian church architecture in the U.S. and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The parish is the first Orthodox parish in Cleveland and is currently under the jurisdiction of the Diocese of the Midwest of the Orthodox Church in America. St. Theodosius is perhaps best known for its appearance in the 1978 film, \"The Deer Hunter\" with", "id": "13141384" }, { "contents": "St. Casimir Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nBoth the church building and the school building are GNIS named features. The church building is listed as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. To provide properly for the large and steadily increasing number of Poles in the north-eastern part of Cleveland it was necessary to organize them into the third Polish congregation within the limits of the city. They lived too far away from St. Stanislaus Church, with which they had been affiliated, for them to conveniently either attend Mass or for their children to attend the parish school. They therefore petitioned Bishop", "id": "12488230" }, { "contents": "St. Henry's Catholic Church (Harriettsville, Ohio)\n\n\nChurch in Fulda in order to hear Mass. Virtually all of the members in the early decades were Germans or of German descent. A parish school was formed in the late 1870s, and in its first twenty years, the parish grew fourfold in membership. This growth caused the original church building to be too small: land for a new building was purchased in 1879, and construction finished in 1894. St. Henry's Church is a stone building in the Gothic Revival style; the most prominent component is a multi-story tower", "id": "19205430" }, { "contents": "St. Michael's Church, Old Town, Chicago\n\n\nSt. Michael's Church in the Old Town neighborhood of Chicago is a Roman Catholic church staffed by the Redemptorist order of priests. The parish was founded to minister to German Catholic immigrants in 1852 with its first wooden church completed that year at a cost of $750 (including the bell). The building stands at the intersection of Eugenie Street and Cleveland Avenue. The church was built as a haven for German immigrants who were outcasts in Old Chicago. In addition, the town's main church, St. Joseph's Church,", "id": "10838314" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cincinnati, Ohio)\n\n\n's Church, St. Philomena's Church and St. Joseph's Church. The three parishes were founded in 1840, 1846 and 1846 respectively. As more immigration followed, St. Michael's was founded, the first filial parish of St. Joseph. The parish was located to what was then called Storrs Township. Forty-five persons organized themselves into a congregation in the early part of 1847 and drew up a constitution for the church A lot was donated by Innocent Troenle and two additional adjacent pieces of property were bought in April and May", "id": "11338582" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Michael and St. Anthony\n\n\ntoday to mostly Poles and Italians. The church has also been noted for its Byzantine Revival architecture, complete with a dome and minaret-styled tower, making it \"one of the more unique examples of church architecture in Montréal.\" Construction on the Church of St. Michael the Archangel began in 1914, for what would grow to become the largest anglophone parish in Montreal. After a brief delay following the commencement of World War I, the church was completed in 1915 at a cost of $232,000, with a capacity of", "id": "10850773" }, { "contents": "Zion Lutheran Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nother Cleveland-area Lutheran congregations, including Trinity Lutheran Church, are Zion's daughters. The original church building was located downtown, but the east-side German community was strong enough by 1902 that the congregation deemed Prospect Avenue a better location for serving the community. From its earliest years, the congregation had sponsored a school; Zion Lutheran School was founded in 1848, at which time all scholars were instructed in German. The school moved to Prospect Avenue ahead of the church; the present building was completed in 1903,", "id": "19215937" }, { "contents": "St. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\non their behalf with papal authorities, and Charles Boehm of Hungary settled in Cleveland in late 1892 to serve the new St. Elizabeth parish, the first Hungarian nationality parish in America. Boehm immediately began registering members and advocating for the construction of a church complex; the first church building, a brick structure, was erected by the end of 1893, a school soon followed, and a larger school was completed in 1900 because of expanded enrollment. He also began a Hungarian-language parish newspaper that soon gained subscribers in other parts", "id": "19215854" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church, Madison\n\n\ndying Catholics (he was a doctor as well). Costigan is believed to have been the Catholic architect of the church. Costigan was only recorded as being a member of the parish during the construction, but details of the church building mirror his other buildings in Madison. In December 1839 St. Michael the Archangel Catholic Church was completed. As the City of Madison grew, so did its Catholic population. German–Catholics had increased highly in numbers and had formed a separate congregation within St. Michael's. In 1850, the", "id": "2385658" }, { "contents": "Pilgrim Congregational Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nonly a short time, as construction on the present building was started just 23 years after the first building was finished. The name \"Pilgrim Congregational Church\" was adopted in 1894 upon the completion of the present building; they had been styled \"Heights Congregational Church\" into the 1870s and used the name \"Jennings Avenue Congregational Church\" in the 1880s. The building was a community landmark from its earliest years — electric wiring was included in the original construction at a time when no other Cleveland buildings west of the Cuyahoga River", "id": "19215839" }, { "contents": "St. Monica Church (Manhattan)\n\n\nin 1880 he began conducting Mass over a feed store at 404 East 78th Street. The following year, he purchased land for the construction of the church and school. Construction of the first church building was completed in 1883. In 1892, the address was listed as 409 E 79th Street. The Rev. John J. Boyle served as acting rector at St. Monica's before becoming the founding pastor of St. Luke's Church (Bronx, New York). The current Gothic Revival church building was erected in 1906 to the designs of", "id": "18565781" }, { "contents": "Annunciation Church (historic) (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nAnnunciation Church (historic) (), was a Catholic parish church in Cleveland, Ohio and part of the Diocese of Cleveland. It was located at the intersection of Hurd St. and Moore St., now part of the West Side Market parking lot, in the Ohio City neighborhood. The location where the church once stood can be found, in an 1881 atlas, at the south-west corner of Hurd St. and Moore St., on the west bank of the Cuyahoga river above part of the Flats historically known as Ox", "id": "14549709" }, { "contents": "Sacred Heart of Jesus Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n. Between 1885 and 1889 a large number of Poles settled in South Cleveland, in the area of East 71st St. and Harvard Ave. They lived too far away from St. Stanislaus church for them to conveniently either attend Mass or for their children to attend the parish school. They petitioned Bishop Richard Gilmour for permission to form a new parish and build a church for their own use. The petition to form a new parish and build a church was granted, and the parish was founded in  — about 42 years after the Diocese", "id": "12287909" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland Heights, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Paul's Episcopal Church is a parish of the Episcopal Church in Cleveland Heights, Ohio. The current rector is the Rev. Jeanne Leinbach, installed on October 23, 2015. She is the first female rector of St. Paul's. Her predecessor was the Rev. Alan M. Gates, who served from 2004-2014, before his election as Bishop of Massachusetts. St. Paul's is a leading church and has the largest congregation in the Episcopal Diocese of Ohio. The church building is a Cleveland Heights landmark. Located at 2747", "id": "18644037" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nRev. Richard Gilmour. Volunteer German and Hungarian woodworkers completed the interior of the church. Over the next 40 years, the parish added a rectory, convent for the Sisters of Notre Dame and two school buildings including one for and an all girls two-year high school which opened in 1905. After World War II, St. Stephen's parish experienced unprecedented growth due to the population growth in Cleveland and throughout the country. On June 8, 1953 a tornado severely damaged the church structure. Work to restore the building began immediately", "id": "19215920" }, { "contents": "Cathedral of St. John the Evangelist (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nstyle and the Bishop laid the cornerstone October 22, 1848. Until the new building was completed in 1852, St. Mary's served as cathedral for the diocese. At the time of its completion, the new cathedral was the well beyond Cleveland's Public Square. Alterations and additions began on the church almost as soon as the initial construction was complete. In 1857, a boys' school was added and within ten years, it was joined by a parish hall and girls' school. In 1879, the parish raised sufficient", "id": "10656550" }, { "contents": "St. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nthe present building. Although the cornerstone was laid in 1918, the construction process was lengthy, and it was finally completed only in 1922. Built primarily of limestone, according to a design of Cleveland architect Emile Uhlrich, the church is an example of Italian-influenced Baroque Revival architecture, partly modelled after the church of Sant'Agnese in Agone in Rome. Two great towers, topped with cupolas, form the ends of the facade, while a great rose window sits in the middle section of the facade high above the main entrance", "id": "19215857" }, { "contents": "St. Nicholas' Catholic Church (Osgood, Ohio)\n\n\nnearby villages; St. Augustine's Church in Minster and St. Michael's Church in Fort Loramie were established by 1850, but the foundations of a parish in Osgood were not laid until 1904, and formal establishment of the parish came in 1906. In its earliest years, the Mass was celebrated in common buildings; after worshipping for a time in a school, the parishioners purchased a barn for ecclesiastical purposes. For many years, the improvement of the parish's facilities was hindered by its size; the fewness of its members meant", "id": "421917" }, { "contents": "Union–Miles Park\n\n\na congregation for African Americans, was founded 1914, and erected its first church building and school in 1916 at what is now Union Avenue and Martin Luther King Drive. The congregation that formed Archangel Michael Orthodox Church ( St. Michael's Orthodox Church) split from St. John the Baptist Orthodox Church in 1921. It began construction of its new church home at 10000 Union Avenue in April 1924, completing the structure in 1926. Although the long-standing Cataract House closed in 1917, the first Union–Miles Park movie theater,", "id": "20793486" }, { "contents": "St. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church is a historic Roman Catholic church in the Buckeye Road neighborhood on the east side of Cleveland, Ohio, United States. The earliest ethnic parish established for Hungarians in the United States, its present building was constructed in the early twentieth century, and it has been named a historic site. Cleveland's first Hungarian Catholics initially worshipped at St. Ladislaus' Church, an east-side Slovakian parish, but ethnic strife and increasing immigration prompted the Hungarian community to seek their own parish. Bishop Horstmann interceded", "id": "19215853" }, { "contents": "Sacred Heart of Jesus Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSacred Heart of Jesus (), was a Catholic parish church in Cleveland, Ohio and part of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland. It was located at the north-west corner of intersection of East 71st St. and Kazimier St., in a part of the South Broadway neighborhood previously known in Polish as \"\" and nicknamed \"Goosetown\". Both the church building and the school building are GNIS named features. The church, school, and rectory buildings are listed together as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. The church was closed", "id": "12287908" }, { "contents": "St. Mary Mother of the Redeemer Church (Norwalk, Ohio)\n\n\nSaint Mary Mother of the Redeemer Church is a parish in the Roman Catholic Diocese of Toledo. The current church is located at 38 W. League Street, Norwalk, Ohio. Construction on the building began on May 29, 1889, and was completed in 1894. The church was previously twinned with St. Alphonsus in Peru, Ohio, but was later twinned with St. Anthony in Milan, Ohio, after a mass restructuring of the diocese. The Century House was a name given to several buildings, now all demolished, within the", "id": "21671394" }, { "contents": "Pilgrim Congregational Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nPilgrim Congregational Church is a historic congregation of the United Church of Christ in Cleveland, Ohio, United States. Constructed in the 1890s for a congregation founded in the 1850s, it was named a historic site in the 1970s. Congregationalists began operating a Sunday school in Cleveland's Tremont neighborhood in 1854, and their efforts resulted in the creation of a church five years later. The members began construction of their first church building in 1865, although it was not completed until 1870. It was suitable for the congregation's needs for", "id": "19215838" }, { "contents": "Sidney Mason Stone\n\n\n; St. Patrick's Church, New Haven (1853) constructed of East Haven sandstone;First Congregational Church, Naugatuck, CT (1855) and Wooster Place Congregational Church, Wooster Square, New Haven (1855) (now the Church of St. Michael) the original design for which featured a Corinthian portico and tall steeple. In \"New Haven: A Guide to Architecture and Urban Design\", Brown remarks on St. Michael's, “The building has burned twice, the steeple blown down once...Only the side walls and tall", "id": "165241" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Dayton, Ohio)\n\n\ncentury, the parish had outgrown it, and construction began on a new building; Archbishop Moeller laid the cornerstone in July 1905 and consecrated it in November 1906. Growth continued, and St. Anthony's Church was established in 1913 by families coming out of St. Mary's. St. Mary's remains an active part of the Archdiocese of Cincinnati to the present day. Masses are celebrated both in English and in Spanish. The current St. Mary's Church is a Romanesque Revival structure built in a mix of brick and stone. Constructed", "id": "19205375" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Indianapolis, Indiana)\n\n\nuntil the Diocese of Indianapolis established Holy Rosary Catholic Church, an Italian national parish in Indianapolis in 1911. After the turn of the century, when the neighborhood become commercial, the parish purchased property at New Jersey and Vermont streets, where they built the present church, which was under construction from 1910 to 1912. St. Mary's adapted to its changing ethnic neighborhood over the years. In 1967, as the city's Spanish-speaking community began to grow, the parish began offering Sunday mass in Spanish. German-language", "id": "3660949" }, { "contents": "St. John's Catholic Church (Fryburg, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. John Catholic Church is a Roman Catholic church in the unincorporated community of Fryburg in Pusheta Township, Auglaize County, Ohio, United States. The parish was established in 1848, the same year in which the community was platted, and construction was completed in 1850. A Catholic school in connection with the church was established in 1877. Both buildings feature fine architecture: the church includes Gothic Revival elements such as ornate pilasters and lancet windows, while the former school is a good example of Federal architecture. St. John's is", "id": "11283325" }, { "contents": "St. Augustine Parish (Hartford, Connecticut)\n\n\nSt. Augustine Parish is a Roman Catholic parish located in Hartford, Connecticut. In addition to a church, the parish also administers a school, St. Augustine School. St. Augustine Parish was established in August 1902 with Fr. Michael Barry appointed as its first pastor. At that time, a church building had not yet been constructed so mass was offered at the Washington Street School until a basement chapel was completed in 1903. The current Romanesque-style church was completed in 1912 and dedicated by Bishop John J. Nilan of the then", "id": "21104070" }, { "contents": "Zion Lutheran Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nFirst Methodist, Trinity Cathedral, and St. Paul's Episcopal Church on Euclid Avenue. This condition persisted into the mid-1910s, at which point the neighborhood transitioned into a largely commercial area. Beginning after 1930, the neighborhood deteriorated as many buildings were demolished, often to create room for parking lots. In such an environment Zion Lutheran Church was constructed in 1902 and opened for public use in the following year. It is home to a congregation founded by German immigrants in 1843, the oldest extant Lutheran congregation in the city; many", "id": "19215936" }, { "contents": "Church of St Paul, Letchworth\n\n\nallow construction of the new church to begin, with the foundation stone being laid on 10 October 1923 by the Marchioness of Salisbury. Work on the first section of the building was completed including three and a half bays of the nave with arcades at the sides. This first section was consecrated by Michael Furse, the Bishop of St Albans on 3 May 1924. A tower was intended but was never built. By 1924 the church was becoming too small for its growing congregation and work on an extension began in early 1931,", "id": "1720772" }, { "contents": "Basilica of the Sacred Heart of Jesus, Syracuse\n\n\noriginal church was located across the street from the current structure. The first Mass in the new parish church was said on August 30, 1892, with the formal dedication taking place nearly a year later on June 11, 1893. The congregation outgrew the first church within a decade, and a decision was made to construct a new church. The foundations were built by parishioners in order to save money, and the cornerstone was laid in 1907. Work was completed in three years, and the church was completed and dedicated on", "id": "4119395" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n, side altars and pulpit are made entirely of oak wood and decorated with beautiful German woodcarvings. The church pews are also oak. A Mexican onyx and brass Communion rail was installed over the years and the floor of the sanctuary and aisles is made of black and white marble tiles. St. Stephen's is a fully active Roman Catholic Parish in the Diocese of Cleveland. This means that they have a full parish staff and church council. They have regular Sunday Masses as well as daily Masses. German Mass is offered every first", "id": "19215923" }, { "contents": "Roncesvalles, Toronto\n\n\nWomenpriests at the church. St. Casimir's Polish Roman Catholic Church at Garden Avenue, offers Polish masses on Sundays. Its origins begin in 1944 when the Oblate Mission decided to create the third Polish parish (and first in the west end) in Toronto. The lot on which the church stands today was purchased for $15,000 in 1948 and construction on the parish hall began the same year. The first mass was held in the church hall in 1949. The church was completed and officially began offering mass on May 23,", "id": "3040916" }, { "contents": "Rajavoor\n\n\nSt. Michael's Shrine which is located at the center part of Rajavoor. The annual feast starts on the first Friday of May with a flag hoisting followed by a ten-day Mass and adoration. The eighth, ninth and tenth days are marked with a car procession to St. Michael Archangel, carnival ended with High Mass in front of the Holy Cars. The Roman Catholics and parish are administered by the Kottar Diocese. Another notable church, Our Lady of Presentation (Kaanikkai Maathaa) Church is attached to the Rajavoor Parish as", "id": "4595849" }, { "contents": "Transfiguration Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nBaptist Church in the nearby suburb of Garfield Heights, Ohio, which had a large, new structure. In April 1943, Trinity Baptist Church sold its building to the Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland for $35,000 ($ in dollars). The Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland erected Transfiguration Parish on July 30, 1943. The parish was divided from nearby Immaculate Heart of Mary Church and Shrine Church of St. Stanislaus parishes. Reverend Joseph F. Zabawa was named the pastor of the new congregation, which took up residence in the Trinity", "id": "20542089" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Augustine (Larchmont, New York)\n\n\nThe Church of St. Augustine is a Roman Catholic church located in Larchmont, New York. The parish having been founded in 1892, the present Gothic Revival church building was constructed in 1928. With a growing number of Catholics living in Larchmont, New York—many of them domestic servants who attended Blessed Sacrament Church in New Rochelle or Most Holy Trinity Church in Mamaroneck—the Archbishop of New York, Michael Corrigan, created the parish of St. Augustine was created in 1892. The decision to establish a parish was motivated in part", "id": "19300736" }, { "contents": "St. Barbara Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Barbara Catholic Church () is a parish of the Roman Catholic Church in Cleveland, Ohio, within the Diocese of Cleveland. The parish church is located on Denison Ave. between West 16th St. and the southbound entrance to SR 176, in a part of the Brooklyn Centre neighborhood previously known in Polish as . The red brick parish church, designed by H.C. Gabele, is a local landmark. It is a GNIS named feature. The church, rectory and convent buildings are listed together as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. The", "id": "13695356" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\ntwo years the parishioners worshipped in a hotel before constructing a building at Fourth and Euclid downtown. A fire destroyed the structure before it was completed, but people throughout the city contributed funds to build a brick replacement in 1851. By the 1870s, the streets surrounding the church had become primarily commercial, so the vestry sold the building and rented halls while building the present church eastward on Euclid Avenue. Its placement amid the wealthy Millionaire's Row district soon caused it to become a symbol of the neighborhood. However, the membership", "id": "19215901" }, { "contents": "St Michael the Archangel Church, Chatham\n\n\nHeart Church in Luton. St Paulinus Church was built in 1788 as a Wesleyan Chapel. In 1892, it was bought by the local Catholic Church. Sacred Heart Church was built in 1949. On 26 June 1949, its foundation stone was laid by the parish priest of St Michael's Church. St Paulinus Church has one Sunday Mass at 9:00am. Sacred Heart Church also has one Sunday Mass, it is at 10:30am. St Michael's Church has four Sunday Masses: 6:30pm on Saturday and 9:30am, 11:00am and 6:00pm on", "id": "19228802" }, { "contents": "St Michael and All Angels Church, Kingaroy\n\n\n's construction. Architect Colin Deighton, who was assistant to John Hingeston Buckeridge, the Anglican Diocese of Brisbane Architect between 1887 and 1901, designed the church. Deighton designed a number of country churches and St Colomb's Anglican Church at Clayfield in Brisbane. The foundation stone of St Michael and All Angels Church was laid on 10 November 1910 by the Venerable Arthur Rivers, Archdeacon of Toowoomba. Construction of the building, which was to seat 250 worshippers, began in December 1910 and was completed in 1911. Its cost, including", "id": "3972006" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Catholic Church (Chicago)\n\n\nSt. Michael () is a church of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Chicago. The current church is located at E. 83rd Street and S. South Shore Drive in South Chicago, a neighborhood of Chicago, Illinois. It is a prime example of the so-called \"Polish Cathedral style\" of churches in both its opulence and grand scale. Along with Immaculate Conception, it is one of the two monumental Polish churches dominating over the South Chicago neighborhood. Founded in 1892 as a Polish parish in Chicago to relieve overcrowding at Immaculate", "id": "20616064" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nof St. Stephen's for 38 years. In 1873, Fr. Reichlin realized that a new church building was needed to accommodate the growing parish. The Cleveland-based architect firm called Cudell & Richardson was hired to build the structure that still stands today as St. Stephen's Roman Catholic Church. Due to economic depression in the mid-1870s, work on the new building was stopped. Parishioners mortgaged their own properties to raise funds for the new church. It was dedicated on November 20, 1881 by the second bishop of Cleveland,", "id": "19215919" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church, Madison\n\n\n1992, the parishes of St. Mary's and St. Michael's became one community of faith, with one priest, Father John Meyer, and two church buildings. Saturday night mass was held at St. Michael's for St. Michael's ‘parishioners,’ and on Sunday morning, mass was held at St. Mary's. In 1993, the area's two other Catholic Churches (St. Patrick's and St. Anthony's) were merged with St. Mary's-St. Michael's as well. St. Michael's had extensive roof damage", "id": "2385663" }, { "contents": "St. Michael's Church, Hildesheim\n\n\nin 1010 and dedicated the still unfinished building to Michael on the archangel's feast day, 29 September 1022, just a few weeks before his death. Construction, however, continued under his successor, Bishop Godehard (died 1038), who completed the work in 1031 and reconsecrated the church to Michael on September 29 of that year. The church has double choirs east and west, double tripartite transepts at either end of the nave, and six towers----two large ones over the crossings east and west, and four other tall and", "id": "721679" }, { "contents": "St. Augustine's Catholic Church (Napoleon, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Augustine's Catholic Church is a historic church in Napoleon, Ohio, United States. Located on the edge of the city's downtown, two blocks away from the Henry County Courthouse, the church is a prominent landmark in Napoleon. St. Augustine Parish was founded at some point between 1856 and 1858; its first priest was Michael Pietz. The parish was dedicated to St. Augustine in honor of Augustine Pilliod, who supervised the construction of its first building. This structure was replaced with the current church, which was built at", "id": "13450149" }, { "contents": "Saint Patrick's Church (Dubuque, Iowa)\n\n\nMcCabe was assigned as the first resident pastor. The cornerstone of the present brick church was laid in 1877, and the building dedicated on August 15, 1878. In 1928, the Rev. J.J. Hanley remodeled and enlarged the church. St. Patrick Church was originally built for service to the Irish settlers of Dubuque and while the parish has maintained a healthy respect for its Irish heritage over its many years of service, the parish now specializes in service to the Hispanic residents of Dubuque. The parish offers a Spanish Mass on Sundays,", "id": "20590874" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nsecond parish for German-speaking Catholics. In April 1869 the first bishop of Cleveland, Bishop Louis Amadeus Rappe, appointed Fr. Stephen Falk to have a two-story building built. The building would be used as a church on the upper level and a school on the lower level to accommodate the 200 families from St. Mary's that lived west of 44th Street. The newly ordained Fr. Casimir Reichlin became the first pastor and said the first Mass of the parish on May 1, 1870. He served as pastor", "id": "19215918" }, { "contents": "Immaculate Conception Catholic Church (Fulda, Ohio)\n\n\n. Construction began on a small church building under the ministry of the priest from Miltonsburg, and Archbishop Purcell of Cincinnati dedicated it in 1853. Ten years later, the parishioners constructed a parish school, and a rectory followed in 1866; its large size and pretentious architecture resulted in a high construction cost of $2,500. By this time, the original church building had become entirely inadequate for the needs of the congregation, and replacement plans were laid; the cornerstone was laid in May 1874, and Bishop Rosecrans of Columbus dedicated", "id": "19205436" }, { "contents": "St. Vitus's Church, Cleveland\n\n\nSt. Vitus is a parish of the Roman Catholic Church in Cleveland, Ohio, United States, in the Diocese of Cleveland. The parish church, located at 6019 Lausche Avenue in the St. Clair-Superior neighborhood, was completed in 1932. The first documented Slovenian to settle in the Cleveland area was Joseph Turk, who came about 1883, most likely from Carniola, and settled on Marble Avenue, near the steel mills. He helped organize the Catholic Slovenes in Cleveland, and requested that Bishop Richard Gilmour of Cleveland appoint a", "id": "916020" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Catholic Church (St. Patrick, Ohio)\n\n\nrectory in 1919 to house its pastor; before its construction, St. Patrick's was served by priests from St. Michael's Church in Fort Loramie to the southwest. In 1977, the church and rectory were recorded by the Ohio Historic Inventory for the purpose of historic preservation; both buildings were ranked in good condition without any significant risks. Two years later, they were listed together on the National Register of Historic Places, along with over thirty other buildings in the Land of the Cross-Tipped Churches. When these churches were", "id": "15760892" }, { "contents": "Cathedral of St Michael and St John\n\n\n. In that year work commenced on a permanent church building located on the corner of George and Keppel Streets. St Michael's Church was a Victorian Gothic style building constructed in brick. It was in use by 1841 but appears not to have been completed until 1846 when leadlight windows were installed. Bishop John Bede Polding (1794-1877), first Catholic Archbishop of Sydney, was interested in fostering the English Gothic style of architecture in his diocese. He arranged for plans for significant churches to be prepared by English architects including", "id": "17452035" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Cathedral, Thunder Bay\n\n\n. From there, St. Patrick's Church was one of many churches that was missioned to the First Nations in Northern Ontario, as well as St. Andrew's Church, which was handed over to the diocese in 1997. St. Patrick's was built in 1892, the same year as Thunder Bay was incorporated as a town. The foundation stone was laid on 10 October 1891, and the first Mass was celebrated on 21 August 1892. The Jesuit parish priests made plans for the construction of an elementary school later that decade.", "id": "14488629" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Catholic Church (Toledo, Ohio)\n\n\nfor use in a new building. Fr. Edward Hannin, pastor of St. Patrick's, set out to create \"the finest church in this part of the land,\" for his congregation and began to raise money for construction. When it was completed, St. Patrick's was considered one of the finest examples of Gothic Revival architecture in the United States. The exterior is constructed of Amherst blue sandstone and the interior contains ten red granite columns. The church was dedicated on April 13, 1901. The church underwent extensive", "id": "9145471" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Dayton, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Mary's Catholic Church is a historic Catholic church building in an eastern neighborhood of Dayton, Ohio, United States. Constructed at the beginning of the twentieth century, it remains home to an active parish. Its grand architecture has made it an aviator's landmark, and it has been named a historic site by the federal government. Emanuel Church, the first Catholic parish in Dayton, was formed in 1837. Many English-speaking families left to form a separate parish in 1846, but Emanuel continued growing to the point", "id": "19205373" }, { "contents": "Church of St. James the Less\n\n\nmission. Weekly celebration of Mass resumed on Sundays at 5:00 pm. The breakaway congregation now meets at the Holy Cross Catholic church and is known as the Church of Saint Michael the Archangel. During the controversy, the parish school closed circa 2006. As part of its mandate, Saint Mark's Church began a fundraising effort to open a new parish school to serve this local community. In 2009 and 2010, the St. Mark's congregation (together with St. Francis Episcopal Church in Potomac, Maryland) sponsored Vacation Bible School at", "id": "12322466" }, { "contents": "St. John's Evangelical Lutheran Church (Springfield, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. John's Evangelical Lutheran Church is a historic Lutheran church in downtown Springfield, Ohio, United States. Founded as a German-speaking parish in Springfield's early days, it grew rapidly during its first few decades, and its present large church building was constructed in the 1890s under the direction of one of Springfield's leading architects. The congregation remains in the landmark church building, which has been named a historic site. Springfield's first Lutheran congregation was organized in May 1841, and a separate group of German Lutherans began", "id": "18832000" }, { "contents": "St Michael and St John Church, Clitheroe\n\n\nGrade II listed building. In September 2008, the Jesuits handed the church over to the Diocese of Salford who continue to serve the parish. Two years later, the parish merged with St Mary Queen of Peace Church in Sabden to form the parish of Our Lady of the Valley. St Mary's was built in 1877 and it was made into a parish in 1909, so that the parishioners did not have to travel the sizeable distance to attend Mass in Clitheroe. The parish has two Sunday Masses at St Michael and St", "id": "5090732" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n. St. Paul's church building is one of just six Gothic Revival churches built in Cleveland during the 1870s that survived into the 1980s. At one time considered Cleveland's grandest and largest church, it is distinguished by the unusual architecture of the peak of the bell tower, and the open interior features extensive detailing, along with seating for one thousand worshippers. Covered with sandstone from Berea, the building was a work of Gordon W. Lloyd, a Detroit architect who also produced grand churches in Ohio cities of various sizes, ranging", "id": "19215903" }, { "contents": "St. Aloysius' Catholic Church (Carthagena, Ohio)\n\n\nerected in 1865. In their earliest years, the people worshipped in the chapel of the adjacent St. Charles Seminary. Throughout its history, the church has been significantly influenced by the seminary, which trained the priests of the Missionaries of the Precious Blood and provided pastors for the church. As its membership grew, the parish decided to construct a church building. Plans were laid and construction began in 1875; the cornerstone was laid in May 1877, and the church was consecrated on June 30, 1878; the parishioners had performed", "id": "20255448" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Church (Monroe, Michigan)\n\n\nto come. St. Michael Church is located along the River Raisin on West Front Street in the city of Monroe, MI. The 183 foot steeple isn't hard to miss. When you come into Monroe you can easily see St. Michael's A tradition at St. Michael Church is the parish prayer. It is said before the beginning of every mass. It reads: \"Lord, God, we glorify Your holy name and thank you for calling us, the people of Saint Michael the Archangel Parish, to be one in", "id": "12346363" }, { "contents": "St Michael and All Angels Church, Barton Turf\n\n\nSt Michael and All Angels is the Church of England parish church of Barton Turf in the county of Norfolk in England. See Inside here. It stands about a kilometre south-west of the village in the midst of a plantation of trees. Particularly notable for its surviving paintings, the church is listed with Grade I. The building was at first constructed in rather an undistinguished Perpendicular style, possessing a tower at the west end of the church. The church is best known for the twelve panels of its late-Gothic rood", "id": "15249529" }, { "contents": "St Michael and All Angels' Church, Haworth\n\n\nSt Michael and All Angels' Church is the Church of England parish church of Haworth, West Yorkshire. The current structure, the third church building on the site, was built between 1879 and 1881 although parts of the original medieval church building, notably the tower, survive from earlier periods. The church is best known for its historic association with the Brontë sisters whose father Revd. Patrick Brontë served as minister of the parish between 1820 and 1861. A chapel has existed on the site since 1488, though records held at", "id": "17201346" }, { "contents": "St. Peter Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Peter Church (), is a Catholic parish church in Cleveland, Ohio and part of the Diocese of Cleveland. Founded in , it is located at the intersection of Superior Ave. near East 17th St., in the Downtown neighborhood. The church is a longstanding city landmark; George Francis Houck, then the Chancellor, wrote in 1903 that, \"One of the landmarks of the city and Diocese of Cleveland is St. Peter's Church.\" It is listed as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. It is also a named", "id": "13925952" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Church (Monroe, Michigan)\n\n\n. It was used as a church on the first floor and on the second it was used for the school. Later it would only be used as St. Michael School. Then in 1866 the cornerstone for the present church was laid. The large 187 foot steeple wasn't added until 1883. In 1874 the 3-story rectory was built east of the church. In 1918 the parish built the present building of St. Michael School which is now a part of Monroe Catholic Elementary Schools. The movement to establish the parish started in 1845", "id": "12346356" }, { "contents": "St. Casimir Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nRichard Gilmour for permission to form a new parish and build a church for their own use. In December 1891, Monsignor Felix Boff, V.G., administrator of the diocese, granted the required permission. Those parishioners left to form St. Casimir Church in 1891. The parish was founded in 1891 — about 44 years after the Diocese of Cleveland was erected by Pope Pius IX. In December, 1891, Boff appointed Father Benedict Rosinski, pastor of St. Adalbert's, Berea, Ohio, to take charge of the mission. On", "id": "12488231" }, { "contents": "St James' Church, Forest Gate\n\n\nSt James' Church, Forest Gate was a church in Forest Gate, east London. Its origins lay in an iron building constructed around 1870 to serve a conventional district. A parish was formed for it in 1881 from those of Emmanuel Church, All Saints and St John's and its permanent church completed the following year, with an organ moved from St Matthew's Church, Friday Street. The church was demolished in 1964 and for two years its congregation worshiped in the Durning Hall Community Centre's chapel until the parish was", "id": "17208906" }, { "contents": "North Presbyterian Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nNorth Presbyterian Church is a historic Presbyterian church on the east side of Cleveland, Ohio, United States. Constructed in the 1880s, the church building has been named a historic site. Throughout its history, the congregation has been focused on Sunday school work. North Presbyterian Church developed out of a mission Sunday school established in east-side Cleveland in 1859. The local presbytery organized a congregation out of the Sunday school in 1867, and within a short while, the new congregation formed the first of two mission Sunday schools in", "id": "19215693" }, { "contents": "St. Vitus's Church, Cleveland\n\n\nVitus to work on the interior. It was finished for the centennial celebration of the parish later that year. St. Vitus remains a strong parish, but Fr. Božnar works with Bishop Lennon's programs to cluster parishes in order to increase strength for inner-city parishes. The church building of St. Vitus itself is constructed in the Lombard-Roman style with pale yellow Falston brick. It is 141 feet long and 100 feet wide with an attached parish house on its west side. Its two Romanesque bell towers reach 110 feet", "id": "916027" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Michael (St. Michael, Minnesota)\n\n\nof the church came from Saint John's Abbey in Collegeville. In 1866 a new church was built in the center of the town and served for about 25 years. In 1890 the parish built a Gothic Revival building, which was the largest church in Wright County at the time. The building features ornate statues and German woodcarvings. Although the parish had a mostly German ethnicity for many years, since 1985 the number of families in the parish doubled, and it no longer appears to be an ethnic parish. In 2004 the", "id": "1327870" }, { "contents": "St. Thomas Church (Underhill, Vermont)\n\n\nSt. Thomas Church is a Roman Catholic church in the Town of Underhill, Vermont in the United States, located in the unincorporated village of \"Underhill Center\". The church was built from 1891-92 after its predecessor had burned down on 19 December 1890. The cornerstone for the current St. Thomas Church building was laid on 12 August 1891 at an event that had an estimated 1,000 attendees. Although the construction period spanned from 1 May 1891 until December 1892, the first Mass was nevertheless held in the basement of the church", "id": "6739395" }, { "contents": "St. William Parish (Lawncrest)\n\n\n1950s and 60's, saw many changes come to the physical plant of the Parish that reflected the housing boom of the area, the economic upswing of the times and the growing parish population. Many of the original \"Motley Buildings\" were completely replaced. The Middle School (Junior High/Upper School) building was built and later an additional floor was added. When consideration was had for the completion of the Upper Church, it was found that the basement church was not structurally sufficient to support additional construction. In 1955", "id": "10364503" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Michael the Archangel, Katowice\n\n\nChurch of St. Michael Archangel () is one of the oldest buildings in Katowice. It's located in Kościuszko Park, where it was moved in 1938 from the village Syrynia, where it was originally constructed in 1510. It is under the invocation of St. Michael. It has end-fitted log framework construction and shingled roof. Free-standing belltower was completed before 1679; it has historic lych-gate and wooden fence around the churchyard. The church of St. Michael Archangel was first built in 1305 in Syrynia, near", "id": "21359049" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Catholic Church (St. Patrick, Ohio)\n\n\n's was closely connected to many other churches in western Ohio: wide areas of western Ohio that were primarily settled by Catholics feature large churches at sparsely-populated crossroads. While most of these churches are constructed in the Gothic Revival style of architecture, some of the newer churches of the region — including St. Patrick's — appear in a variety of styles; St. Patrick's was one of the few that lacked the high steeples of the Gothic Revival structures. The leading role of these churches in western Shelby County and the lands", "id": "15760890" }, { "contents": "St Michael's Roman Catholic Church, Linlithgow\n\n\nchildren the congregation capitalised on the spirit of cooperation and community and set out to build a school. Located on a site next to the church St. Joseph's school was opened on 1 July 1889 and served the children of the parish until 1964 when new premises were occupied at Preston Road. Although during this time Fr Easson had replaced Fr Murphy as parish priest there was no change of emphasis and all the parish energies were engaged in the effort to complete the church building programme. Plans to double the size of the church were", "id": "17679127" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Delaware, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Mary's Catholic Church is a historic Catholic parish church in the city of Delaware, Ohio, United States. Constructed in the 1880s, this grand building is home to a congregation established in the middle of the nineteenth century. Its grand style has long made it a community landmark, and it was named a historic landmark in 1980. Delaware's first Masses were celebrated by travelling priests in the homes of the city's few Catholics, most of whom were Irish or German immigrants. The members built the first St. Mary", "id": "2642749" }, { "contents": "Church of the Resurrection (Rye, New York)\n\n\nin 1881 at the intersection of Purchase Street and the Boston Post Road, where services were then offered. The parish was incorporated on January 29, 1886, and title to the property was transferred from the archdiocese to the parish itself. A new church building was completed in 1889 on Purchase Street, while the former building was used as the rectory. Thereafter, construction of a parochial school on the Boston Post Road began in 1906 and was completed two years later. With the number of parishioners growing, the church purchased land", "id": "19300829" }, { "contents": "Near North Side, Chicago\n\n\n, most of this area was an enclave to the first emigrants from Puerto Rico to Chicago, who referred to it as part of \"La Clark\" until commercialization decorated late 1960s shop signs with the name of Old Town. The neighborhood is home to St. Michael's Church, originally built to serve German immigrants, and one of only 7 to survive the great Chicago fire. St. Michael's, Holy Name Cathedral, Immaculate Conception, and St. Joseph's Catholic churches all catered to Latinos with a Mass in Spanish. Many", "id": "1540930" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Massillon, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Mary's Catholic Church is a historic Catholic church building in the city of Massillon, Ohio, United States. Constructed in 1876 for a congregation composed largely of European immigrants, it has been named a historic site. The origins of St. Mary parish lie among numerous Germans and Irish who settled in Massillon in its early years and built a small house of worship on Cherry Road in the 1840s. This building stood until 1875, when it was destroyed so that the present church might occupy its location; it was built in", "id": "19205828" }, { "contents": "St. Anne Church (Berlin, New Hampshire)\n\n\nSt. Anne Church is a historic church at 58 Church Street in Berlin, New Hampshire, United States. It is the church for Good Shepherd Parish within the Roman Catholic Diocese of Manchester. St. Anne Parish was founded in 1867, and was Berlin's first Roman Catholic congregation. It was merged with Guardian Angel Parish, St. Joseph Parish, and St. Kieran Parish in 2000 to form Good Shepherd Parish. Its building, constructed in 1900, is an important local example of Romanesque architecture, and was listed on the National Register", "id": "2452362" }, { "contents": "St. Peter Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n, put up by Luhr, was torn down and replaced by a large pastoral residence adjoining the rear of the church, at a cost of $12,000. In the same year a third story was added to St. Peter's school building, and arranged for a parish hall, containing a stage and other conveniences, at a cost of $10,000. In the synod of January 3, 1889, St. Peter's congregation was the first mentioned among the nine principal churches of the diocese which Gilmour named as rectorates, with an", "id": "13925965" }, { "contents": "Trinity Cathedral (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nfirst church building built within the village limits of Cleveland. In 1846, to meet the needs of a growing parish, plans for a larger, centralized building just east of Public Square commenced. The congregation moved into the larger stone structure in the Gothic style on Superior Avenue in 1855. In 1890, Trinity Church was offered to Bishop William A. Leonard for use as a cathedral for the Diocese of Ohio. The congregation would maintain the building and it would serve dual roles as the parish church and cathedral for the diocese.", "id": "19215933" }, { "contents": "St. Andrew's Cathedral (Jackson, Mississippi)\n\n\nat the time that was not located along the Mississippi River. Its church was burned by the Union Army during the American Civil War in 1863. The cornerstone for the second church was laid by the Rt. Rev. William Mercer Green in 1869. By the turn of the Twentieth Century the congregation had outgrown its church building and the present structure was completed in 1903. The Parish House was constructed between 1923 and 1924. The congregation continued to grow and the building along West Street was built in 1955. The bishop moved his", "id": "20556538" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Evansville, Indiana)\n\n\nservice in the first church building was held on April 15, 1883. While construction ensued, a congregant and frequent benefactor, Charles Viele, offered the use of Viele Hall (located on 2nd street between Main and Sycamore streets) to St. Paul's parish. The cornerstone for new St. Paul's was laid on September 3, 1883, and construction completed on March 2, 1886 with Bishop D.B. Knickerbacker consecrating the new building. Charles and Mary Viele continued to sponsor further construction on the church grounds - first with a rectory", "id": "20407572" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Church (Monroe, Michigan)\n\n\nSaint Michael the Archangel Church (St. Michael Church) is located on the west side of the city of Monroe, Michigan along the River Raisin. It is home to 1,200 families and it is one of most important religious institutes in Monroe County. It was founded in the year 1852. The present building was built from 1866-1867. It is in the Archdiocese of Detroit. Its current priest is Rev. Phillip Ching. When the parish was first established, the mayor of Monroe palatial residence was remodeled as a temporary church", "id": "12346355" }, { "contents": "St. Mary Congregational Church\n\n\nSt. Mary Congregational Church in Abbeville, Louisiana is the oldest incorporated, predominantly African-American church in Vermilion Parish. Its historic Gothic Revival style church at 213 S. Louisiana Avenue, constructed in 1905 to replace a previous building, was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1999. American Missionary Association records show the congregation dates to at least 1877. The structure is a three-bay, gable-fronted church with a prominent corner tower. The tower is three-stage and square. The church is currently non", "id": "17676536" }, { "contents": "St. Charles of the Valley Catholic Church and Rectory\n\n\nSt. Charles Borromeo Church is a Catholic parish in Hailey, Idaho, in the Diocese of Boise. Its historic parish church and rectory complex, located at Pine and S. 1st Streets, is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Fr. E.M. Nattini began ministering in the Wood River Valley in the 1880s. The population was growing rapidly, and he was soon able to raise funds for the construction of the first church of St. Charles, which began June 17, 1883. It was the first Catholic church ineast of", "id": "20581174" }, { "contents": "Sacred Heart Catholic Church (Dayton, Ohio)\n\n\nprompted some of the members to leave in July 1883 and establish Sacred Heart Church; under the leadership of St. Joseph's associate pastor Hugh McDevitt, the congregation rented a meeting hall while waiting for the construction of their building. Land for the present church was purchased for $19,000, and William Henry Elder laid the cornerstone in June 1888. Exterior work was completed in the following year, and by 1893 construction was close enough to completion that the congregation could begin worshipping in their building. The building was consecrated by Bishop Maes", "id": "22206155" }, { "contents": "St. Vincent de Paul Church (Pontiac, Michigan)\n\n\n. The church continued to grow, and in the 1880s, the Reverend Fridolin Baumgartner began raising funds for the construction of the present church. The congregation hired the Detroit architecture firm of Donaldson & Meier to design the church, and the cornerstone was laid on September 6, 1885. The church was dedicated two years later, on September 18, 1887. A 6600-pound bell was installed in the church in 1890. A rectory was constructed in 1895, a school building was added in 1897, and a parish hall in 1911", "id": "19268922" }, { "contents": "St. Boniface Roman Catholic Church\n\n\npopulation on the west side. In 1873, a two-story, red brick Italianate rectory building was built for the parish at a cost of $6,000. A stone church building was planned by the prominent local architect William M. Scott, and construction was completed in 1883 at a cost of $30,000. The parish was closed in 1989, and the building was demolished a few years later. St. Boniface Church was an eclectic example of Romanesque Revival and Ruskinian Gothic architecture. It was built in a cruciform shape from red", "id": "9736494" } ]

[ { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nchurch congregation reached its peak size in the 1950, when only 25% of the parishioners were of German descent. The first Spanish Mass was said in 1971 for the growing number of Hispanic parishioners. The congregation now is mostly Latin American. The church now offers Masses in both English and Spanish. An annual Good Friday Procession begins or ends at St. Michael's. St Michael's and La Sagrada Familia church alternate every year to begin or end at one of the two churches. There is a stop at St Patrick's", "id": "19125747" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nwhile the new building was under construction. The current church, which had its cornerstone laid in 1889, was completed five years ahead of schedule in 1892. The church building is considered a good example of High Victorian Gothic architecture with its two towers of unequal height, the taller of which rises , and three archways. An architecturally notable school adjacent to the church began construction in 1906 and was completed in 1907. For many years the church was one of the most costly and artistically notable churches in the Cleveland Diocese. The", "id": "19125746" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Michael the Archangel is a Roman Catholic church located at 3114 Scranton Road in the Clark-Fulton neighborhood on the west side of Cleveland, Ohio. The church is named in honor of St. Michael the Archangel and was completed in 1892. The congregation was founded in 1881 as a mission of Ohio City, Cleveland's St. Mary's on-the-Flats to serve a growing German immigrant population on Cleveland's west side. The original church and school building were constructed in 1883 but burned on June 29, 1891,", "id": "19125745" }, { "contents": "St. John's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n's. Trinity Cathedral is now the seat of the Episcopal Diocese of Ohio. St. John's was also the mother church to several of the west side parishes. In 1837, the Ohio City Directory described the church as follows, \"The Episcopal Church, which is not yet finished, is built of hammered stone, and has a lofty steeple. Its style of architecture is Gothic, resembling that of the ancient and venerable Cathedral. This building, when finished, will be one of the best of the kind in the", "id": "18742416" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cincinnati, Ohio)\n\n\n1847. The cornerstone was laid August 1, 1847 and the church dedicated June 4, 1848. Rev. Fr. Zoppoth was selected as the first pastor for the congregation. In 1868 St. Michael Church became the mother parish to St. Lawrence Church which was organized that same year. The Comboni Missionaries took charge of the parish in 1964. By this time many of the German-speaking families in the parish had begun to move to other parts of the city. In a mass celebrated by Daniel Edward Pilarczyk the church building was", "id": "11338583" }, { "contents": "St. Columba Cathedral (Youngstown, Ohio)\n\n\nThe first Mass celebrated in Youngstown occurred in 1826. St. Columba Parish was founded in 1847, the year that Pope Pius IX established the Diocese of Cleveland, of which Youngstown was a part. The first church was completed in 1850. As the parish grew, it required a larger church, which it completed in 1868. The first parish school building was opened three years later. The parish continued to grow and constructed yet another church which opened in 1897. Bishop Ignatius Horstmann consecrated the sanctuary in 1903. The parish added", "id": "13619245" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Stephen Church is a Roman Catholic church located in the Detroit-Shoreway neighborhood on the west side of Cleveland, Ohio. The gothic style building was designed by architects Cudell & Richardson. The current church was built in 1875 and was added into the National Register of Historic Places in 1977. St. Stephen Roman Catholic Church was founded in 1869 due to a need for a second German parish on the west side of Cleveland. The first German parish, St. Mary's, increased so much that Cleveland was in need of a", "id": "19215917" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cincinnati, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Michael the Archangel Church is a Roman Catholic church located at 2110 St. Michael Street, in Cincinnati, Ohio. The cornerstone of this church was laid in 1847 and the church dedicated a year later. The church closed April 5, 1998. As the tide of German immigrants continued to rise in Cincinnati, more churches were needed. Holy Trinity Church was the first German speaking parish. As the city grew in three directions; north, east and west; there were three parishes which descended from that parish Old St. Mary", "id": "11338581" }, { "contents": "St. John's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. John's Episcopal Church is located at 2600 Church Avenue in the Ohio City neighborhood of Cleveland, Ohio. St. John's is the oldest consecrated building in Cuyahoga county. This stone gothic revival church building was designed by Hezekiah Eldredge and built beginning in 1836 and was completed 1838. Eldridge was probably familiar with John Henry Hopkins' \"An Essay on Gothic Architecture\", the first book on Gothic ecclesiastical architecture to be published in the United States. St. John's is a good representative of a small group of American churches", "id": "18742414" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland Heights, Ohio)\n\n\nFairmount Blvd, it is a contributing property in the Fairmount Boulevard District, which is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. St. Paul's was first established in the city of Cleveland, Ohio on October 26, 1846. The congregation did not have its own building until 1851, as a frame building completed in 1849 burned completely. A small brick church in the Gothic Revival style was completed for the parish at Euclid and Sheriff (East 4th) Streets by 1858. St. Paul's congregation outgrew the church, however", "id": "18644038" }, { "contents": "Irvington, Baltimore\n\n\nPassion\", marking the beginning of St. Joseph's Monastery Parish. Construction of a new, larger church began in 1881 and was completed in 1883. Its cornerstone was placed by Cardinal James Gibbons. The original monastery, beside the church, burned down in 1883. A new monastery was completed in 1886. The monastery chapel is extant and contains an 1887 Niemann pipe organ. The congregation of St. Joseph's Monastery Parish outgrew their church building in the following century. In 1931, Archbishop Michael Joseph Curley placed the cornerstone for", "id": "5906170" }, { "contents": "St. Theodosius Russian Orthodox Cathedral\n\n\nSt. Theodosius Cathedral is an Orthodox church located on Starkweather Avenue in the Tremont neighborhood, on the near west side of Cleveland, Ohio. It is considered one of the best examples of Russian church architecture in the U.S. and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The parish is the first Orthodox parish in Cleveland and is currently under the jurisdiction of the Diocese of the Midwest of the Orthodox Church in America. St. Theodosius is perhaps best known for its appearance in the 1978 film, \"The Deer Hunter\" with", "id": "13141384" }, { "contents": "St. Casimir Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nBoth the church building and the school building are GNIS named features. The church building is listed as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. To provide properly for the large and steadily increasing number of Poles in the north-eastern part of Cleveland it was necessary to organize them into the third Polish congregation within the limits of the city. They lived too far away from St. Stanislaus Church, with which they had been affiliated, for them to conveniently either attend Mass or for their children to attend the parish school. They therefore petitioned Bishop", "id": "12488230" }, { "contents": "St. Henry's Catholic Church (Harriettsville, Ohio)\n\n\nChurch in Fulda in order to hear Mass. Virtually all of the members in the early decades were Germans or of German descent. A parish school was formed in the late 1870s, and in its first twenty years, the parish grew fourfold in membership. This growth caused the original church building to be too small: land for a new building was purchased in 1879, and construction finished in 1894. St. Henry's Church is a stone building in the Gothic Revival style; the most prominent component is a multi-story tower", "id": "19205430" }, { "contents": "St. Michael's Church, Old Town, Chicago\n\n\nSt. Michael's Church in the Old Town neighborhood of Chicago is a Roman Catholic church staffed by the Redemptorist order of priests. The parish was founded to minister to German Catholic immigrants in 1852 with its first wooden church completed that year at a cost of $750 (including the bell). The building stands at the intersection of Eugenie Street and Cleveland Avenue. The church was built as a haven for German immigrants who were outcasts in Old Chicago. In addition, the town's main church, St. Joseph's Church,", "id": "10838314" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cincinnati, Ohio)\n\n\n's Church, St. Philomena's Church and St. Joseph's Church. The three parishes were founded in 1840, 1846 and 1846 respectively. As more immigration followed, St. Michael's was founded, the first filial parish of St. Joseph. The parish was located to what was then called Storrs Township. Forty-five persons organized themselves into a congregation in the early part of 1847 and drew up a constitution for the church A lot was donated by Innocent Troenle and two additional adjacent pieces of property were bought in April and May", "id": "11338582" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Michael and St. Anthony\n\n\ntoday to mostly Poles and Italians. The church has also been noted for its Byzantine Revival architecture, complete with a dome and minaret-styled tower, making it \"one of the more unique examples of church architecture in Montréal.\" Construction on the Church of St. Michael the Archangel began in 1914, for what would grow to become the largest anglophone parish in Montreal. After a brief delay following the commencement of World War I, the church was completed in 1915 at a cost of $232,000, with a capacity of", "id": "10850773" }, { "contents": "Zion Lutheran Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nother Cleveland-area Lutheran congregations, including Trinity Lutheran Church, are Zion's daughters. The original church building was located downtown, but the east-side German community was strong enough by 1902 that the congregation deemed Prospect Avenue a better location for serving the community. From its earliest years, the congregation had sponsored a school; Zion Lutheran School was founded in 1848, at which time all scholars were instructed in German. The school moved to Prospect Avenue ahead of the church; the present building was completed in 1903,", "id": "19215937" }, { "contents": "St. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\non their behalf with papal authorities, and Charles Boehm of Hungary settled in Cleveland in late 1892 to serve the new St. Elizabeth parish, the first Hungarian nationality parish in America. Boehm immediately began registering members and advocating for the construction of a church complex; the first church building, a brick structure, was erected by the end of 1893, a school soon followed, and a larger school was completed in 1900 because of expanded enrollment. He also began a Hungarian-language parish newspaper that soon gained subscribers in other parts", "id": "19215854" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church, Madison\n\n\ndying Catholics (he was a doctor as well). Costigan is believed to have been the Catholic architect of the church. Costigan was only recorded as being a member of the parish during the construction, but details of the church building mirror his other buildings in Madison. In December 1839 St. Michael the Archangel Catholic Church was completed. As the City of Madison grew, so did its Catholic population. German–Catholics had increased highly in numbers and had formed a separate congregation within St. Michael's. In 1850, the", "id": "2385658" }, { "contents": "Pilgrim Congregational Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nonly a short time, as construction on the present building was started just 23 years after the first building was finished. The name \"Pilgrim Congregational Church\" was adopted in 1894 upon the completion of the present building; they had been styled \"Heights Congregational Church\" into the 1870s and used the name \"Jennings Avenue Congregational Church\" in the 1880s. The building was a community landmark from its earliest years — electric wiring was included in the original construction at a time when no other Cleveland buildings west of the Cuyahoga River", "id": "19215839" }, { "contents": "St. Monica Church (Manhattan)\n\n\nin 1880 he began conducting Mass over a feed store at 404 East 78th Street. The following year, he purchased land for the construction of the church and school. Construction of the first church building was completed in 1883. In 1892, the address was listed as 409 E 79th Street. The Rev. John J. Boyle served as acting rector at St. Monica's before becoming the founding pastor of St. Luke's Church (Bronx, New York). The current Gothic Revival church building was erected in 1906 to the designs of", "id": "18565781" }, { "contents": "Annunciation Church (historic) (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nAnnunciation Church (historic) (), was a Catholic parish church in Cleveland, Ohio and part of the Diocese of Cleveland. It was located at the intersection of Hurd St. and Moore St., now part of the West Side Market parking lot, in the Ohio City neighborhood. The location where the church once stood can be found, in an 1881 atlas, at the south-west corner of Hurd St. and Moore St., on the west bank of the Cuyahoga river above part of the Flats historically known as Ox", "id": "14549709" }, { "contents": "Sacred Heart of Jesus Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n. Between 1885 and 1889 a large number of Poles settled in South Cleveland, in the area of East 71st St. and Harvard Ave. They lived too far away from St. Stanislaus church for them to conveniently either attend Mass or for their children to attend the parish school. They petitioned Bishop Richard Gilmour for permission to form a new parish and build a church for their own use. The petition to form a new parish and build a church was granted, and the parish was founded in  — about 42 years after the Diocese", "id": "12287909" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland Heights, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Paul's Episcopal Church is a parish of the Episcopal Church in Cleveland Heights, Ohio. The current rector is the Rev. Jeanne Leinbach, installed on October 23, 2015. She is the first female rector of St. Paul's. Her predecessor was the Rev. Alan M. Gates, who served from 2004-2014, before his election as Bishop of Massachusetts. St. Paul's is a leading church and has the largest congregation in the Episcopal Diocese of Ohio. The church building is a Cleveland Heights landmark. Located at 2747", "id": "18644037" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nRev. Richard Gilmour. Volunteer German and Hungarian woodworkers completed the interior of the church. Over the next 40 years, the parish added a rectory, convent for the Sisters of Notre Dame and two school buildings including one for and an all girls two-year high school which opened in 1905. After World War II, St. Stephen's parish experienced unprecedented growth due to the population growth in Cleveland and throughout the country. On June 8, 1953 a tornado severely damaged the church structure. Work to restore the building began immediately", "id": "19215920" }, { "contents": "Cathedral of St. John the Evangelist (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nstyle and the Bishop laid the cornerstone October 22, 1848. Until the new building was completed in 1852, St. Mary's served as cathedral for the diocese. At the time of its completion, the new cathedral was the well beyond Cleveland's Public Square. Alterations and additions began on the church almost as soon as the initial construction was complete. In 1857, a boys' school was added and within ten years, it was joined by a parish hall and girls' school. In 1879, the parish raised sufficient", "id": "10656550" }, { "contents": "St. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nthe present building. Although the cornerstone was laid in 1918, the construction process was lengthy, and it was finally completed only in 1922. Built primarily of limestone, according to a design of Cleveland architect Emile Uhlrich, the church is an example of Italian-influenced Baroque Revival architecture, partly modelled after the church of Sant'Agnese in Agone in Rome. Two great towers, topped with cupolas, form the ends of the facade, while a great rose window sits in the middle section of the facade high above the main entrance", "id": "19215857" }, { "contents": "St. Nicholas' Catholic Church (Osgood, Ohio)\n\n\nnearby villages; St. Augustine's Church in Minster and St. Michael's Church in Fort Loramie were established by 1850, but the foundations of a parish in Osgood were not laid until 1904, and formal establishment of the parish came in 1906. In its earliest years, the Mass was celebrated in common buildings; after worshipping for a time in a school, the parishioners purchased a barn for ecclesiastical purposes. For many years, the improvement of the parish's facilities was hindered by its size; the fewness of its members meant", "id": "421917" }, { "contents": "Union–Miles Park\n\n\na congregation for African Americans, was founded 1914, and erected its first church building and school in 1916 at what is now Union Avenue and Martin Luther King Drive. The congregation that formed Archangel Michael Orthodox Church ( St. Michael's Orthodox Church) split from St. John the Baptist Orthodox Church in 1921. It began construction of its new church home at 10000 Union Avenue in April 1924, completing the structure in 1926. Although the long-standing Cataract House closed in 1917, the first Union–Miles Park movie theater,", "id": "20793486" }, { "contents": "St. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church is a historic Roman Catholic church in the Buckeye Road neighborhood on the east side of Cleveland, Ohio, United States. The earliest ethnic parish established for Hungarians in the United States, its present building was constructed in the early twentieth century, and it has been named a historic site. Cleveland's first Hungarian Catholics initially worshipped at St. Ladislaus' Church, an east-side Slovakian parish, but ethnic strife and increasing immigration prompted the Hungarian community to seek their own parish. Bishop Horstmann interceded", "id": "19215853" }, { "contents": "Sacred Heart of Jesus Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSacred Heart of Jesus (), was a Catholic parish church in Cleveland, Ohio and part of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland. It was located at the north-west corner of intersection of East 71st St. and Kazimier St., in a part of the South Broadway neighborhood previously known in Polish as \"\" and nicknamed \"Goosetown\". Both the church building and the school building are GNIS named features. The church, school, and rectory buildings are listed together as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. The church was closed", "id": "12287908" }, { "contents": "St. Mary Mother of the Redeemer Church (Norwalk, Ohio)\n\n\nSaint Mary Mother of the Redeemer Church is a parish in the Roman Catholic Diocese of Toledo. The current church is located at 38 W. League Street, Norwalk, Ohio. Construction on the building began on May 29, 1889, and was completed in 1894. The church was previously twinned with St. Alphonsus in Peru, Ohio, but was later twinned with St. Anthony in Milan, Ohio, after a mass restructuring of the diocese. The Century House was a name given to several buildings, now all demolished, within the", "id": "21671394" }, { "contents": "Pilgrim Congregational Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nPilgrim Congregational Church is a historic congregation of the United Church of Christ in Cleveland, Ohio, United States. Constructed in the 1890s for a congregation founded in the 1850s, it was named a historic site in the 1970s. Congregationalists began operating a Sunday school in Cleveland's Tremont neighborhood in 1854, and their efforts resulted in the creation of a church five years later. The members began construction of their first church building in 1865, although it was not completed until 1870. It was suitable for the congregation's needs for", "id": "19215838" }, { "contents": "Sidney Mason Stone\n\n\n; St. Patrick's Church, New Haven (1853) constructed of East Haven sandstone;First Congregational Church, Naugatuck, CT (1855) and Wooster Place Congregational Church, Wooster Square, New Haven (1855) (now the Church of St. Michael) the original design for which featured a Corinthian portico and tall steeple. In \"New Haven: A Guide to Architecture and Urban Design\", Brown remarks on St. Michael's, “The building has burned twice, the steeple blown down once...Only the side walls and tall", "id": "165241" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Dayton, Ohio)\n\n\ncentury, the parish had outgrown it, and construction began on a new building; Archbishop Moeller laid the cornerstone in July 1905 and consecrated it in November 1906. Growth continued, and St. Anthony's Church was established in 1913 by families coming out of St. Mary's. St. Mary's remains an active part of the Archdiocese of Cincinnati to the present day. Masses are celebrated both in English and in Spanish. The current St. Mary's Church is a Romanesque Revival structure built in a mix of brick and stone. Constructed", "id": "19205375" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Indianapolis, Indiana)\n\n\nuntil the Diocese of Indianapolis established Holy Rosary Catholic Church, an Italian national parish in Indianapolis in 1911. After the turn of the century, when the neighborhood become commercial, the parish purchased property at New Jersey and Vermont streets, where they built the present church, which was under construction from 1910 to 1912. St. Mary's adapted to its changing ethnic neighborhood over the years. In 1967, as the city's Spanish-speaking community began to grow, the parish began offering Sunday mass in Spanish. German-language", "id": "3660949" }, { "contents": "St. John's Catholic Church (Fryburg, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. John Catholic Church is a Roman Catholic church in the unincorporated community of Fryburg in Pusheta Township, Auglaize County, Ohio, United States. The parish was established in 1848, the same year in which the community was platted, and construction was completed in 1850. A Catholic school in connection with the church was established in 1877. Both buildings feature fine architecture: the church includes Gothic Revival elements such as ornate pilasters and lancet windows, while the former school is a good example of Federal architecture. St. John's is", "id": "11283325" }, { "contents": "St. Augustine Parish (Hartford, Connecticut)\n\n\nSt. Augustine Parish is a Roman Catholic parish located in Hartford, Connecticut. In addition to a church, the parish also administers a school, St. Augustine School. St. Augustine Parish was established in August 1902 with Fr. Michael Barry appointed as its first pastor. At that time, a church building had not yet been constructed so mass was offered at the Washington Street School until a basement chapel was completed in 1903. The current Romanesque-style church was completed in 1912 and dedicated by Bishop John J. Nilan of the then", "id": "21104070" }, { "contents": "Zion Lutheran Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nFirst Methodist, Trinity Cathedral, and St. Paul's Episcopal Church on Euclid Avenue. This condition persisted into the mid-1910s, at which point the neighborhood transitioned into a largely commercial area. Beginning after 1930, the neighborhood deteriorated as many buildings were demolished, often to create room for parking lots. In such an environment Zion Lutheran Church was constructed in 1902 and opened for public use in the following year. It is home to a congregation founded by German immigrants in 1843, the oldest extant Lutheran congregation in the city; many", "id": "19215936" }, { "contents": "Church of St Paul, Letchworth\n\n\nallow construction of the new church to begin, with the foundation stone being laid on 10 October 1923 by the Marchioness of Salisbury. Work on the first section of the building was completed including three and a half bays of the nave with arcades at the sides. This first section was consecrated by Michael Furse, the Bishop of St Albans on 3 May 1924. A tower was intended but was never built. By 1924 the church was becoming too small for its growing congregation and work on an extension began in early 1931,", "id": "1720772" }, { "contents": "Basilica of the Sacred Heart of Jesus, Syracuse\n\n\noriginal church was located across the street from the current structure. The first Mass in the new parish church was said on August 30, 1892, with the formal dedication taking place nearly a year later on June 11, 1893. The congregation outgrew the first church within a decade, and a decision was made to construct a new church. The foundations were built by parishioners in order to save money, and the cornerstone was laid in 1907. Work was completed in three years, and the church was completed and dedicated on", "id": "4119395" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n, side altars and pulpit are made entirely of oak wood and decorated with beautiful German woodcarvings. The church pews are also oak. A Mexican onyx and brass Communion rail was installed over the years and the floor of the sanctuary and aisles is made of black and white marble tiles. St. Stephen's is a fully active Roman Catholic Parish in the Diocese of Cleveland. This means that they have a full parish staff and church council. They have regular Sunday Masses as well as daily Masses. German Mass is offered every first", "id": "19215923" }, { "contents": "Roncesvalles, Toronto\n\n\nWomenpriests at the church. St. Casimir's Polish Roman Catholic Church at Garden Avenue, offers Polish masses on Sundays. Its origins begin in 1944 when the Oblate Mission decided to create the third Polish parish (and first in the west end) in Toronto. The lot on which the church stands today was purchased for $15,000 in 1948 and construction on the parish hall began the same year. The first mass was held in the church hall in 1949. The church was completed and officially began offering mass on May 23,", "id": "3040916" }, { "contents": "Rajavoor\n\n\nSt. Michael's Shrine which is located at the center part of Rajavoor. The annual feast starts on the first Friday of May with a flag hoisting followed by a ten-day Mass and adoration. The eighth, ninth and tenth days are marked with a car procession to St. Michael Archangel, carnival ended with High Mass in front of the Holy Cars. The Roman Catholics and parish are administered by the Kottar Diocese. Another notable church, Our Lady of Presentation (Kaanikkai Maathaa) Church is attached to the Rajavoor Parish as", "id": "4595849" }, { "contents": "Transfiguration Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nBaptist Church in the nearby suburb of Garfield Heights, Ohio, which had a large, new structure. In April 1943, Trinity Baptist Church sold its building to the Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland for $35,000 ($ in dollars). The Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland erected Transfiguration Parish on July 30, 1943. The parish was divided from nearby Immaculate Heart of Mary Church and Shrine Church of St. Stanislaus parishes. Reverend Joseph F. Zabawa was named the pastor of the new congregation, which took up residence in the Trinity", "id": "20542089" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Augustine (Larchmont, New York)\n\n\nThe Church of St. Augustine is a Roman Catholic church located in Larchmont, New York. The parish having been founded in 1892, the present Gothic Revival church building was constructed in 1928. With a growing number of Catholics living in Larchmont, New York—many of them domestic servants who attended Blessed Sacrament Church in New Rochelle or Most Holy Trinity Church in Mamaroneck—the Archbishop of New York, Michael Corrigan, created the parish of St. Augustine was created in 1892. The decision to establish a parish was motivated in part", "id": "19300736" }, { "contents": "St. Barbara Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Barbara Catholic Church () is a parish of the Roman Catholic Church in Cleveland, Ohio, within the Diocese of Cleveland. The parish church is located on Denison Ave. between West 16th St. and the southbound entrance to SR 176, in a part of the Brooklyn Centre neighborhood previously known in Polish as . The red brick parish church, designed by H.C. Gabele, is a local landmark. It is a GNIS named feature. The church, rectory and convent buildings are listed together as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. The", "id": "13695356" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\ntwo years the parishioners worshipped in a hotel before constructing a building at Fourth and Euclid downtown. A fire destroyed the structure before it was completed, but people throughout the city contributed funds to build a brick replacement in 1851. By the 1870s, the streets surrounding the church had become primarily commercial, so the vestry sold the building and rented halls while building the present church eastward on Euclid Avenue. Its placement amid the wealthy Millionaire's Row district soon caused it to become a symbol of the neighborhood. However, the membership", "id": "19215901" }, { "contents": "St Michael the Archangel Church, Chatham\n\n\nHeart Church in Luton. St Paulinus Church was built in 1788 as a Wesleyan Chapel. In 1892, it was bought by the local Catholic Church. Sacred Heart Church was built in 1949. On 26 June 1949, its foundation stone was laid by the parish priest of St Michael's Church. St Paulinus Church has one Sunday Mass at 9:00am. Sacred Heart Church also has one Sunday Mass, it is at 10:30am. St Michael's Church has four Sunday Masses: 6:30pm on Saturday and 9:30am, 11:00am and 6:00pm on", "id": "19228802" }, { "contents": "St Michael and All Angels Church, Kingaroy\n\n\n's construction. Architect Colin Deighton, who was assistant to John Hingeston Buckeridge, the Anglican Diocese of Brisbane Architect between 1887 and 1901, designed the church. Deighton designed a number of country churches and St Colomb's Anglican Church at Clayfield in Brisbane. The foundation stone of St Michael and All Angels Church was laid on 10 November 1910 by the Venerable Arthur Rivers, Archdeacon of Toowoomba. Construction of the building, which was to seat 250 worshippers, began in December 1910 and was completed in 1911. Its cost, including", "id": "3972006" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Catholic Church (Chicago)\n\n\nSt. Michael () is a church of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Chicago. The current church is located at E. 83rd Street and S. South Shore Drive in South Chicago, a neighborhood of Chicago, Illinois. It is a prime example of the so-called \"Polish Cathedral style\" of churches in both its opulence and grand scale. Along with Immaculate Conception, it is one of the two monumental Polish churches dominating over the South Chicago neighborhood. Founded in 1892 as a Polish parish in Chicago to relieve overcrowding at Immaculate", "id": "20616064" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nof St. Stephen's for 38 years. In 1873, Fr. Reichlin realized that a new church building was needed to accommodate the growing parish. The Cleveland-based architect firm called Cudell & Richardson was hired to build the structure that still stands today as St. Stephen's Roman Catholic Church. Due to economic depression in the mid-1870s, work on the new building was stopped. Parishioners mortgaged their own properties to raise funds for the new church. It was dedicated on November 20, 1881 by the second bishop of Cleveland,", "id": "19215919" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church, Madison\n\n\n1992, the parishes of St. Mary's and St. Michael's became one community of faith, with one priest, Father John Meyer, and two church buildings. Saturday night mass was held at St. Michael's for St. Michael's ‘parishioners,’ and on Sunday morning, mass was held at St. Mary's. In 1993, the area's two other Catholic Churches (St. Patrick's and St. Anthony's) were merged with St. Mary's-St. Michael's as well. St. Michael's had extensive roof damage", "id": "2385663" }, { "contents": "St. Michael's Church, Hildesheim\n\n\nin 1010 and dedicated the still unfinished building to Michael on the archangel's feast day, 29 September 1022, just a few weeks before his death. Construction, however, continued under his successor, Bishop Godehard (died 1038), who completed the work in 1031 and reconsecrated the church to Michael on September 29 of that year. The church has double choirs east and west, double tripartite transepts at either end of the nave, and six towers----two large ones over the crossings east and west, and four other tall and", "id": "721679" }, { "contents": "St. Augustine's Catholic Church (Napoleon, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Augustine's Catholic Church is a historic church in Napoleon, Ohio, United States. Located on the edge of the city's downtown, two blocks away from the Henry County Courthouse, the church is a prominent landmark in Napoleon. St. Augustine Parish was founded at some point between 1856 and 1858; its first priest was Michael Pietz. The parish was dedicated to St. Augustine in honor of Augustine Pilliod, who supervised the construction of its first building. This structure was replaced with the current church, which was built at", "id": "13450149" }, { "contents": "Saint Patrick's Church (Dubuque, Iowa)\n\n\nMcCabe was assigned as the first resident pastor. The cornerstone of the present brick church was laid in 1877, and the building dedicated on August 15, 1878. In 1928, the Rev. J.J. Hanley remodeled and enlarged the church. St. Patrick Church was originally built for service to the Irish settlers of Dubuque and while the parish has maintained a healthy respect for its Irish heritage over its many years of service, the parish now specializes in service to the Hispanic residents of Dubuque. The parish offers a Spanish Mass on Sundays,", "id": "20590874" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nsecond parish for German-speaking Catholics. In April 1869 the first bishop of Cleveland, Bishop Louis Amadeus Rappe, appointed Fr. Stephen Falk to have a two-story building built. The building would be used as a church on the upper level and a school on the lower level to accommodate the 200 families from St. Mary's that lived west of 44th Street. The newly ordained Fr. Casimir Reichlin became the first pastor and said the first Mass of the parish on May 1, 1870. He served as pastor", "id": "19215918" }, { "contents": "Immaculate Conception Catholic Church (Fulda, Ohio)\n\n\n. Construction began on a small church building under the ministry of the priest from Miltonsburg, and Archbishop Purcell of Cincinnati dedicated it in 1853. Ten years later, the parishioners constructed a parish school, and a rectory followed in 1866; its large size and pretentious architecture resulted in a high construction cost of $2,500. By this time, the original church building had become entirely inadequate for the needs of the congregation, and replacement plans were laid; the cornerstone was laid in May 1874, and Bishop Rosecrans of Columbus dedicated", "id": "19205436" }, { "contents": "St. Vitus's Church, Cleveland\n\n\nSt. Vitus is a parish of the Roman Catholic Church in Cleveland, Ohio, United States, in the Diocese of Cleveland. The parish church, located at 6019 Lausche Avenue in the St. Clair-Superior neighborhood, was completed in 1932. The first documented Slovenian to settle in the Cleveland area was Joseph Turk, who came about 1883, most likely from Carniola, and settled on Marble Avenue, near the steel mills. He helped organize the Catholic Slovenes in Cleveland, and requested that Bishop Richard Gilmour of Cleveland appoint a", "id": "916020" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Catholic Church (St. Patrick, Ohio)\n\n\nrectory in 1919 to house its pastor; before its construction, St. Patrick's was served by priests from St. Michael's Church in Fort Loramie to the southwest. In 1977, the church and rectory were recorded by the Ohio Historic Inventory for the purpose of historic preservation; both buildings were ranked in good condition without any significant risks. Two years later, they were listed together on the National Register of Historic Places, along with over thirty other buildings in the Land of the Cross-Tipped Churches. When these churches were", "id": "15760892" }, { "contents": "Cathedral of St Michael and St John\n\n\n. In that year work commenced on a permanent church building located on the corner of George and Keppel Streets. St Michael's Church was a Victorian Gothic style building constructed in brick. It was in use by 1841 but appears not to have been completed until 1846 when leadlight windows were installed. Bishop John Bede Polding (1794-1877), first Catholic Archbishop of Sydney, was interested in fostering the English Gothic style of architecture in his diocese. He arranged for plans for significant churches to be prepared by English architects including", "id": "17452035" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Cathedral, Thunder Bay\n\n\n. From there, St. Patrick's Church was one of many churches that was missioned to the First Nations in Northern Ontario, as well as St. Andrew's Church, which was handed over to the diocese in 1997. St. Patrick's was built in 1892, the same year as Thunder Bay was incorporated as a town. The foundation stone was laid on 10 October 1891, and the first Mass was celebrated on 21 August 1892. The Jesuit parish priests made plans for the construction of an elementary school later that decade.", "id": "14488629" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Catholic Church (Toledo, Ohio)\n\n\nfor use in a new building. Fr. Edward Hannin, pastor of St. Patrick's, set out to create \"the finest church in this part of the land,\" for his congregation and began to raise money for construction. When it was completed, St. Patrick's was considered one of the finest examples of Gothic Revival architecture in the United States. The exterior is constructed of Amherst blue sandstone and the interior contains ten red granite columns. The church was dedicated on April 13, 1901. The church underwent extensive", "id": "9145471" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Dayton, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Mary's Catholic Church is a historic Catholic church building in an eastern neighborhood of Dayton, Ohio, United States. Constructed at the beginning of the twentieth century, it remains home to an active parish. Its grand architecture has made it an aviator's landmark, and it has been named a historic site by the federal government. Emanuel Church, the first Catholic parish in Dayton, was formed in 1837. Many English-speaking families left to form a separate parish in 1846, but Emanuel continued growing to the point", "id": "19205373" }, { "contents": "Church of St. James the Less\n\n\nmission. Weekly celebration of Mass resumed on Sundays at 5:00 pm. The breakaway congregation now meets at the Holy Cross Catholic church and is known as the Church of Saint Michael the Archangel. During the controversy, the parish school closed circa 2006. As part of its mandate, Saint Mark's Church began a fundraising effort to open a new parish school to serve this local community. In 2009 and 2010, the St. Mark's congregation (together with St. Francis Episcopal Church in Potomac, Maryland) sponsored Vacation Bible School at", "id": "12322466" }, { "contents": "St. John's Evangelical Lutheran Church (Springfield, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. John's Evangelical Lutheran Church is a historic Lutheran church in downtown Springfield, Ohio, United States. Founded as a German-speaking parish in Springfield's early days, it grew rapidly during its first few decades, and its present large church building was constructed in the 1890s under the direction of one of Springfield's leading architects. The congregation remains in the landmark church building, which has been named a historic site. Springfield's first Lutheran congregation was organized in May 1841, and a separate group of German Lutherans began", "id": "18832000" }, { "contents": "St Michael and St John Church, Clitheroe\n\n\nGrade II listed building. In September 2008, the Jesuits handed the church over to the Diocese of Salford who continue to serve the parish. Two years later, the parish merged with St Mary Queen of Peace Church in Sabden to form the parish of Our Lady of the Valley. St Mary's was built in 1877 and it was made into a parish in 1909, so that the parishioners did not have to travel the sizeable distance to attend Mass in Clitheroe. The parish has two Sunday Masses at St Michael and St", "id": "5090732" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n. St. Paul's church building is one of just six Gothic Revival churches built in Cleveland during the 1870s that survived into the 1980s. At one time considered Cleveland's grandest and largest church, it is distinguished by the unusual architecture of the peak of the bell tower, and the open interior features extensive detailing, along with seating for one thousand worshippers. Covered with sandstone from Berea, the building was a work of Gordon W. Lloyd, a Detroit architect who also produced grand churches in Ohio cities of various sizes, ranging", "id": "19215903" }, { "contents": "St. Aloysius' Catholic Church (Carthagena, Ohio)\n\n\nerected in 1865. In their earliest years, the people worshipped in the chapel of the adjacent St. Charles Seminary. Throughout its history, the church has been significantly influenced by the seminary, which trained the priests of the Missionaries of the Precious Blood and provided pastors for the church. As its membership grew, the parish decided to construct a church building. Plans were laid and construction began in 1875; the cornerstone was laid in May 1877, and the church was consecrated on June 30, 1878; the parishioners had performed", "id": "20255448" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Church (Monroe, Michigan)\n\n\nto come. St. Michael Church is located along the River Raisin on West Front Street in the city of Monroe, MI. The 183 foot steeple isn't hard to miss. When you come into Monroe you can easily see St. Michael's A tradition at St. Michael Church is the parish prayer. It is said before the beginning of every mass. It reads: \"Lord, God, we glorify Your holy name and thank you for calling us, the people of Saint Michael the Archangel Parish, to be one in", "id": "12346363" }, { "contents": "St Michael and All Angels Church, Barton Turf\n\n\nSt Michael and All Angels is the Church of England parish church of Barton Turf in the county of Norfolk in England. See Inside here. It stands about a kilometre south-west of the village in the midst of a plantation of trees. Particularly notable for its surviving paintings, the church is listed with Grade I. The building was at first constructed in rather an undistinguished Perpendicular style, possessing a tower at the west end of the church. The church is best known for the twelve panels of its late-Gothic rood", "id": "15249529" }, { "contents": "St Michael and All Angels' Church, Haworth\n\n\nSt Michael and All Angels' Church is the Church of England parish church of Haworth, West Yorkshire. The current structure, the third church building on the site, was built between 1879 and 1881 although parts of the original medieval church building, notably the tower, survive from earlier periods. The church is best known for its historic association with the Brontë sisters whose father Revd. Patrick Brontë served as minister of the parish between 1820 and 1861. A chapel has existed on the site since 1488, though records held at", "id": "17201346" }, { "contents": "St. Peter Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Peter Church (), is a Catholic parish church in Cleveland, Ohio and part of the Diocese of Cleveland. Founded in , it is located at the intersection of Superior Ave. near East 17th St., in the Downtown neighborhood. The church is a longstanding city landmark; George Francis Houck, then the Chancellor, wrote in 1903 that, \"One of the landmarks of the city and Diocese of Cleveland is St. Peter's Church.\" It is listed as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. It is also a named", "id": "13925952" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Church (Monroe, Michigan)\n\n\n. It was used as a church on the first floor and on the second it was used for the school. Later it would only be used as St. Michael School. Then in 1866 the cornerstone for the present church was laid. The large 187 foot steeple wasn't added until 1883. In 1874 the 3-story rectory was built east of the church. In 1918 the parish built the present building of St. Michael School which is now a part of Monroe Catholic Elementary Schools. The movement to establish the parish started in 1845", "id": "12346356" }, { "contents": "St. Casimir Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nRichard Gilmour for permission to form a new parish and build a church for their own use. In December 1891, Monsignor Felix Boff, V.G., administrator of the diocese, granted the required permission. Those parishioners left to form St. Casimir Church in 1891. The parish was founded in 1891 — about 44 years after the Diocese of Cleveland was erected by Pope Pius IX. In December, 1891, Boff appointed Father Benedict Rosinski, pastor of St. Adalbert's, Berea, Ohio, to take charge of the mission. On", "id": "12488231" }, { "contents": "St James' Church, Forest Gate\n\n\nSt James' Church, Forest Gate was a church in Forest Gate, east London. Its origins lay in an iron building constructed around 1870 to serve a conventional district. A parish was formed for it in 1881 from those of Emmanuel Church, All Saints and St John's and its permanent church completed the following year, with an organ moved from St Matthew's Church, Friday Street. The church was demolished in 1964 and for two years its congregation worshiped in the Durning Hall Community Centre's chapel until the parish was", "id": "17208906" }, { "contents": "North Presbyterian Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nNorth Presbyterian Church is a historic Presbyterian church on the east side of Cleveland, Ohio, United States. Constructed in the 1880s, the church building has been named a historic site. Throughout its history, the congregation has been focused on Sunday school work. North Presbyterian Church developed out of a mission Sunday school established in east-side Cleveland in 1859. The local presbytery organized a congregation out of the Sunday school in 1867, and within a short while, the new congregation formed the first of two mission Sunday schools in", "id": "19215693" }, { "contents": "St. Vitus's Church, Cleveland\n\n\nVitus to work on the interior. It was finished for the centennial celebration of the parish later that year. St. Vitus remains a strong parish, but Fr. Božnar works with Bishop Lennon's programs to cluster parishes in order to increase strength for inner-city parishes. The church building of St. Vitus itself is constructed in the Lombard-Roman style with pale yellow Falston brick. It is 141 feet long and 100 feet wide with an attached parish house on its west side. Its two Romanesque bell towers reach 110 feet", "id": "916027" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Michael (St. Michael, Minnesota)\n\n\nof the church came from Saint John's Abbey in Collegeville. In 1866 a new church was built in the center of the town and served for about 25 years. In 1890 the parish built a Gothic Revival building, which was the largest church in Wright County at the time. The building features ornate statues and German woodcarvings. Although the parish had a mostly German ethnicity for many years, since 1985 the number of families in the parish doubled, and it no longer appears to be an ethnic parish. In 2004 the", "id": "1327870" }, { "contents": "St. Thomas Church (Underhill, Vermont)\n\n\nSt. Thomas Church is a Roman Catholic church in the Town of Underhill, Vermont in the United States, located in the unincorporated village of \"Underhill Center\". The church was built from 1891-92 after its predecessor had burned down on 19 December 1890. The cornerstone for the current St. Thomas Church building was laid on 12 August 1891 at an event that had an estimated 1,000 attendees. Although the construction period spanned from 1 May 1891 until December 1892, the first Mass was nevertheless held in the basement of the church", "id": "6739395" }, { "contents": "St. William Parish (Lawncrest)\n\n\n1950s and 60's, saw many changes come to the physical plant of the Parish that reflected the housing boom of the area, the economic upswing of the times and the growing parish population. Many of the original \"Motley Buildings\" were completely replaced. The Middle School (Junior High/Upper School) building was built and later an additional floor was added. When consideration was had for the completion of the Upper Church, it was found that the basement church was not structurally sufficient to support additional construction. In 1955", "id": "10364503" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Michael the Archangel, Katowice\n\n\nChurch of St. Michael Archangel () is one of the oldest buildings in Katowice. It's located in Kościuszko Park, where it was moved in 1938 from the village Syrynia, where it was originally constructed in 1510. It is under the invocation of St. Michael. It has end-fitted log framework construction and shingled roof. Free-standing belltower was completed before 1679; it has historic lych-gate and wooden fence around the churchyard. The church of St. Michael Archangel was first built in 1305 in Syrynia, near", "id": "21359049" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Catholic Church (St. Patrick, Ohio)\n\n\n's was closely connected to many other churches in western Ohio: wide areas of western Ohio that were primarily settled by Catholics feature large churches at sparsely-populated crossroads. While most of these churches are constructed in the Gothic Revival style of architecture, some of the newer churches of the region — including St. Patrick's — appear in a variety of styles; St. Patrick's was one of the few that lacked the high steeples of the Gothic Revival structures. The leading role of these churches in western Shelby County and the lands", "id": "15760890" }, { "contents": "St Michael's Roman Catholic Church, Linlithgow\n\n\nchildren the congregation capitalised on the spirit of cooperation and community and set out to build a school. Located on a site next to the church St. Joseph's school was opened on 1 July 1889 and served the children of the parish until 1964 when new premises were occupied at Preston Road. Although during this time Fr Easson had replaced Fr Murphy as parish priest there was no change of emphasis and all the parish energies were engaged in the effort to complete the church building programme. Plans to double the size of the church were", "id": "17679127" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Delaware, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Mary's Catholic Church is a historic Catholic parish church in the city of Delaware, Ohio, United States. Constructed in the 1880s, this grand building is home to a congregation established in the middle of the nineteenth century. Its grand style has long made it a community landmark, and it was named a historic landmark in 1980. Delaware's first Masses were celebrated by travelling priests in the homes of the city's few Catholics, most of whom were Irish or German immigrants. The members built the first St. Mary", "id": "2642749" }, { "contents": "Church of the Resurrection (Rye, New York)\n\n\nin 1881 at the intersection of Purchase Street and the Boston Post Road, where services were then offered. The parish was incorporated on January 29, 1886, and title to the property was transferred from the archdiocese to the parish itself. A new church building was completed in 1889 on Purchase Street, while the former building was used as the rectory. Thereafter, construction of a parochial school on the Boston Post Road began in 1906 and was completed two years later. With the number of parishioners growing, the church purchased land", "id": "19300829" }, { "contents": "Near North Side, Chicago\n\n\n, most of this area was an enclave to the first emigrants from Puerto Rico to Chicago, who referred to it as part of \"La Clark\" until commercialization decorated late 1960s shop signs with the name of Old Town. The neighborhood is home to St. Michael's Church, originally built to serve German immigrants, and one of only 7 to survive the great Chicago fire. St. Michael's, Holy Name Cathedral, Immaculate Conception, and St. Joseph's Catholic churches all catered to Latinos with a Mass in Spanish. Many", "id": "1540930" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Massillon, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Mary's Catholic Church is a historic Catholic church building in the city of Massillon, Ohio, United States. Constructed in 1876 for a congregation composed largely of European immigrants, it has been named a historic site. The origins of St. Mary parish lie among numerous Germans and Irish who settled in Massillon in its early years and built a small house of worship on Cherry Road in the 1840s. This building stood until 1875, when it was destroyed so that the present church might occupy its location; it was built in", "id": "19205828" }, { "contents": "St. Anne Church (Berlin, New Hampshire)\n\n\nSt. Anne Church is a historic church at 58 Church Street in Berlin, New Hampshire, United States. It is the church for Good Shepherd Parish within the Roman Catholic Diocese of Manchester. St. Anne Parish was founded in 1867, and was Berlin's first Roman Catholic congregation. It was merged with Guardian Angel Parish, St. Joseph Parish, and St. Kieran Parish in 2000 to form Good Shepherd Parish. Its building, constructed in 1900, is an important local example of Romanesque architecture, and was listed on the National Register", "id": "2452362" }, { "contents": "St. Peter Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n, put up by Luhr, was torn down and replaced by a large pastoral residence adjoining the rear of the church, at a cost of $12,000. In the same year a third story was added to St. Peter's school building, and arranged for a parish hall, containing a stage and other conveniences, at a cost of $10,000. In the synod of January 3, 1889, St. Peter's congregation was the first mentioned among the nine principal churches of the diocese which Gilmour named as rectorates, with an", "id": "13925965" }, { "contents": "Trinity Cathedral (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nfirst church building built within the village limits of Cleveland. In 1846, to meet the needs of a growing parish, plans for a larger, centralized building just east of Public Square commenced. The congregation moved into the larger stone structure in the Gothic style on Superior Avenue in 1855. In 1890, Trinity Church was offered to Bishop William A. Leonard for use as a cathedral for the Diocese of Ohio. The congregation would maintain the building and it would serve dual roles as the parish church and cathedral for the diocese.", "id": "19215933" }, { "contents": "St. Andrew's Cathedral (Jackson, Mississippi)\n\n\nat the time that was not located along the Mississippi River. Its church was burned by the Union Army during the American Civil War in 1863. The cornerstone for the second church was laid by the Rt. Rev. William Mercer Green in 1869. By the turn of the Twentieth Century the congregation had outgrown its church building and the present structure was completed in 1903. The Parish House was constructed between 1923 and 1924. The congregation continued to grow and the building along West Street was built in 1955. The bishop moved his", "id": "20556538" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Evansville, Indiana)\n\n\nservice in the first church building was held on April 15, 1883. While construction ensued, a congregant and frequent benefactor, Charles Viele, offered the use of Viele Hall (located on 2nd street between Main and Sycamore streets) to St. Paul's parish. The cornerstone for new St. Paul's was laid on September 3, 1883, and construction completed on March 2, 1886 with Bishop D.B. Knickerbacker consecrating the new building. Charles and Mary Viele continued to sponsor further construction on the church grounds - first with a rectory", "id": "20407572" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Church (Monroe, Michigan)\n\n\nSaint Michael the Archangel Church (St. Michael Church) is located on the west side of the city of Monroe, Michigan along the River Raisin. It is home to 1,200 families and it is one of most important religious institutes in Monroe County. It was founded in the year 1852. The present building was built from 1866-1867. It is in the Archdiocese of Detroit. Its current priest is Rev. Phillip Ching. When the parish was first established, the mayor of Monroe palatial residence was remodeled as a temporary church", "id": "12346355" }, { "contents": "St. Mary Congregational Church\n\n\nSt. Mary Congregational Church in Abbeville, Louisiana is the oldest incorporated, predominantly African-American church in Vermilion Parish. Its historic Gothic Revival style church at 213 S. Louisiana Avenue, constructed in 1905 to replace a previous building, was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1999. American Missionary Association records show the congregation dates to at least 1877. The structure is a three-bay, gable-fronted church with a prominent corner tower. The tower is three-stage and square. The church is currently non", "id": "17676536" }, { "contents": "St. Charles of the Valley Catholic Church and Rectory\n\n\nSt. Charles Borromeo Church is a Catholic parish in Hailey, Idaho, in the Diocese of Boise. Its historic parish church and rectory complex, located at Pine and S. 1st Streets, is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Fr. E.M. Nattini began ministering in the Wood River Valley in the 1880s. The population was growing rapidly, and he was soon able to raise funds for the construction of the first church of St. Charles, which began June 17, 1883. It was the first Catholic church ineast of", "id": "20581174" }, { "contents": "Sacred Heart Catholic Church (Dayton, Ohio)\n\n\nprompted some of the members to leave in July 1883 and establish Sacred Heart Church; under the leadership of St. Joseph's associate pastor Hugh McDevitt, the congregation rented a meeting hall while waiting for the construction of their building. Land for the present church was purchased for $19,000, and William Henry Elder laid the cornerstone in June 1888. Exterior work was completed in the following year, and by 1893 construction was close enough to completion that the congregation could begin worshipping in their building. The building was consecrated by Bishop Maes", "id": "22206155" }, { "contents": "St. Vincent de Paul Church (Pontiac, Michigan)\n\n\n. The church continued to grow, and in the 1880s, the Reverend Fridolin Baumgartner began raising funds for the construction of the present church. The congregation hired the Detroit architecture firm of Donaldson & Meier to design the church, and the cornerstone was laid on September 6, 1885. The church was dedicated two years later, on September 18, 1887. A 6600-pound bell was installed in the church in 1890. A rectory was constructed in 1895, a school building was added in 1897, and a parish hall in 1911", "id": "19268922" }, { "contents": "St. Boniface Roman Catholic Church\n\n\npopulation on the west side. In 1873, a two-story, red brick Italianate rectory building was built for the parish at a cost of $6,000. A stone church building was planned by the prominent local architect William M. Scott, and construction was completed in 1883 at a cost of $30,000. The parish was closed in 1989, and the building was demolished a few years later. St. Boniface Church was an eclectic example of Romanesque Revival and Ruskinian Gothic architecture. It was built in a cruciform shape from red", "id": "9736494" } ]

[ { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nchurch congregation reached its peak size in the 1950, when only 25% of the parishioners were of German descent. The first Spanish Mass was said in 1971 for the growing number of Hispanic parishioners. The congregation now is mostly Latin American. The church now offers Masses in both English and Spanish. An annual Good Friday Procession begins or ends at St. Michael's. St Michael's and La Sagrada Familia church alternate every year to begin or end at one of the two churches. There is a stop at St Patrick's", "id": "19125747" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nwhile the new building was under construction. The current church, which had its cornerstone laid in 1889, was completed five years ahead of schedule in 1892. The church building is considered a good example of High Victorian Gothic architecture with its two towers of unequal height, the taller of which rises , and three archways. An architecturally notable school adjacent to the church began construction in 1906 and was completed in 1907. For many years the church was one of the most costly and artistically notable churches in the Cleveland Diocese. The", "id": "19125746" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Michael the Archangel is a Roman Catholic church located at 3114 Scranton Road in the Clark-Fulton neighborhood on the west side of Cleveland, Ohio. The church is named in honor of St. Michael the Archangel and was completed in 1892. The congregation was founded in 1881 as a mission of Ohio City, Cleveland's St. Mary's on-the-Flats to serve a growing German immigrant population on Cleveland's west side. The original church and school building were constructed in 1883 but burned on June 29, 1891,", "id": "19125745" }, { "contents": "St. John's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n's. Trinity Cathedral is now the seat of the Episcopal Diocese of Ohio. St. John's was also the mother church to several of the west side parishes. In 1837, the Ohio City Directory described the church as follows, \"The Episcopal Church, which is not yet finished, is built of hammered stone, and has a lofty steeple. Its style of architecture is Gothic, resembling that of the ancient and venerable Cathedral. This building, when finished, will be one of the best of the kind in the", "id": "18742416" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cincinnati, Ohio)\n\n\n1847. The cornerstone was laid August 1, 1847 and the church dedicated June 4, 1848. Rev. Fr. Zoppoth was selected as the first pastor for the congregation. In 1868 St. Michael Church became the mother parish to St. Lawrence Church which was organized that same year. The Comboni Missionaries took charge of the parish in 1964. By this time many of the German-speaking families in the parish had begun to move to other parts of the city. In a mass celebrated by Daniel Edward Pilarczyk the church building was", "id": "11338583" }, { "contents": "St. Columba Cathedral (Youngstown, Ohio)\n\n\nThe first Mass celebrated in Youngstown occurred in 1826. St. Columba Parish was founded in 1847, the year that Pope Pius IX established the Diocese of Cleveland, of which Youngstown was a part. The first church was completed in 1850. As the parish grew, it required a larger church, which it completed in 1868. The first parish school building was opened three years later. The parish continued to grow and constructed yet another church which opened in 1897. Bishop Ignatius Horstmann consecrated the sanctuary in 1903. The parish added", "id": "13619245" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Stephen Church is a Roman Catholic church located in the Detroit-Shoreway neighborhood on the west side of Cleveland, Ohio. The gothic style building was designed by architects Cudell & Richardson. The current church was built in 1875 and was added into the National Register of Historic Places in 1977. St. Stephen Roman Catholic Church was founded in 1869 due to a need for a second German parish on the west side of Cleveland. The first German parish, St. Mary's, increased so much that Cleveland was in need of a", "id": "19215917" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cincinnati, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Michael the Archangel Church is a Roman Catholic church located at 2110 St. Michael Street, in Cincinnati, Ohio. The cornerstone of this church was laid in 1847 and the church dedicated a year later. The church closed April 5, 1998. As the tide of German immigrants continued to rise in Cincinnati, more churches were needed. Holy Trinity Church was the first German speaking parish. As the city grew in three directions; north, east and west; there were three parishes which descended from that parish Old St. Mary", "id": "11338581" }, { "contents": "St. John's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. John's Episcopal Church is located at 2600 Church Avenue in the Ohio City neighborhood of Cleveland, Ohio. St. John's is the oldest consecrated building in Cuyahoga county. This stone gothic revival church building was designed by Hezekiah Eldredge and built beginning in 1836 and was completed 1838. Eldridge was probably familiar with John Henry Hopkins' \"An Essay on Gothic Architecture\", the first book on Gothic ecclesiastical architecture to be published in the United States. St. John's is a good representative of a small group of American churches", "id": "18742414" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland Heights, Ohio)\n\n\nFairmount Blvd, it is a contributing property in the Fairmount Boulevard District, which is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. St. Paul's was first established in the city of Cleveland, Ohio on October 26, 1846. The congregation did not have its own building until 1851, as a frame building completed in 1849 burned completely. A small brick church in the Gothic Revival style was completed for the parish at Euclid and Sheriff (East 4th) Streets by 1858. St. Paul's congregation outgrew the church, however", "id": "18644038" }, { "contents": "Irvington, Baltimore\n\n\nPassion\", marking the beginning of St. Joseph's Monastery Parish. Construction of a new, larger church began in 1881 and was completed in 1883. Its cornerstone was placed by Cardinal James Gibbons. The original monastery, beside the church, burned down in 1883. A new monastery was completed in 1886. The monastery chapel is extant and contains an 1887 Niemann pipe organ. The congregation of St. Joseph's Monastery Parish outgrew their church building in the following century. In 1931, Archbishop Michael Joseph Curley placed the cornerstone for", "id": "5906170" }, { "contents": "St. Theodosius Russian Orthodox Cathedral\n\n\nSt. Theodosius Cathedral is an Orthodox church located on Starkweather Avenue in the Tremont neighborhood, on the near west side of Cleveland, Ohio. It is considered one of the best examples of Russian church architecture in the U.S. and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The parish is the first Orthodox parish in Cleveland and is currently under the jurisdiction of the Diocese of the Midwest of the Orthodox Church in America. St. Theodosius is perhaps best known for its appearance in the 1978 film, \"The Deer Hunter\" with", "id": "13141384" }, { "contents": "St. Casimir Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nBoth the church building and the school building are GNIS named features. The church building is listed as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. To provide properly for the large and steadily increasing number of Poles in the north-eastern part of Cleveland it was necessary to organize them into the third Polish congregation within the limits of the city. They lived too far away from St. Stanislaus Church, with which they had been affiliated, for them to conveniently either attend Mass or for their children to attend the parish school. They therefore petitioned Bishop", "id": "12488230" }, { "contents": "St. Henry's Catholic Church (Harriettsville, Ohio)\n\n\nChurch in Fulda in order to hear Mass. Virtually all of the members in the early decades were Germans or of German descent. A parish school was formed in the late 1870s, and in its first twenty years, the parish grew fourfold in membership. This growth caused the original church building to be too small: land for a new building was purchased in 1879, and construction finished in 1894. St. Henry's Church is a stone building in the Gothic Revival style; the most prominent component is a multi-story tower", "id": "19205430" }, { "contents": "St. Michael's Church, Old Town, Chicago\n\n\nSt. Michael's Church in the Old Town neighborhood of Chicago is a Roman Catholic church staffed by the Redemptorist order of priests. The parish was founded to minister to German Catholic immigrants in 1852 with its first wooden church completed that year at a cost of $750 (including the bell). The building stands at the intersection of Eugenie Street and Cleveland Avenue. The church was built as a haven for German immigrants who were outcasts in Old Chicago. In addition, the town's main church, St. Joseph's Church,", "id": "10838314" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cincinnati, Ohio)\n\n\n's Church, St. Philomena's Church and St. Joseph's Church. The three parishes were founded in 1840, 1846 and 1846 respectively. As more immigration followed, St. Michael's was founded, the first filial parish of St. Joseph. The parish was located to what was then called Storrs Township. Forty-five persons organized themselves into a congregation in the early part of 1847 and drew up a constitution for the church A lot was donated by Innocent Troenle and two additional adjacent pieces of property were bought in April and May", "id": "11338582" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Michael and St. Anthony\n\n\ntoday to mostly Poles and Italians. The church has also been noted for its Byzantine Revival architecture, complete with a dome and minaret-styled tower, making it \"one of the more unique examples of church architecture in Montréal.\" Construction on the Church of St. Michael the Archangel began in 1914, for what would grow to become the largest anglophone parish in Montreal. After a brief delay following the commencement of World War I, the church was completed in 1915 at a cost of $232,000, with a capacity of", "id": "10850773" }, { "contents": "Zion Lutheran Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nother Cleveland-area Lutheran congregations, including Trinity Lutheran Church, are Zion's daughters. The original church building was located downtown, but the east-side German community was strong enough by 1902 that the congregation deemed Prospect Avenue a better location for serving the community. From its earliest years, the congregation had sponsored a school; Zion Lutheran School was founded in 1848, at which time all scholars were instructed in German. The school moved to Prospect Avenue ahead of the church; the present building was completed in 1903,", "id": "19215937" }, { "contents": "St. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\non their behalf with papal authorities, and Charles Boehm of Hungary settled in Cleveland in late 1892 to serve the new St. Elizabeth parish, the first Hungarian nationality parish in America. Boehm immediately began registering members and advocating for the construction of a church complex; the first church building, a brick structure, was erected by the end of 1893, a school soon followed, and a larger school was completed in 1900 because of expanded enrollment. He also began a Hungarian-language parish newspaper that soon gained subscribers in other parts", "id": "19215854" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church, Madison\n\n\ndying Catholics (he was a doctor as well). Costigan is believed to have been the Catholic architect of the church. Costigan was only recorded as being a member of the parish during the construction, but details of the church building mirror his other buildings in Madison. In December 1839 St. Michael the Archangel Catholic Church was completed. As the City of Madison grew, so did its Catholic population. German–Catholics had increased highly in numbers and had formed a separate congregation within St. Michael's. In 1850, the", "id": "2385658" }, { "contents": "Pilgrim Congregational Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nonly a short time, as construction on the present building was started just 23 years after the first building was finished. The name \"Pilgrim Congregational Church\" was adopted in 1894 upon the completion of the present building; they had been styled \"Heights Congregational Church\" into the 1870s and used the name \"Jennings Avenue Congregational Church\" in the 1880s. The building was a community landmark from its earliest years — electric wiring was included in the original construction at a time when no other Cleveland buildings west of the Cuyahoga River", "id": "19215839" }, { "contents": "St. Monica Church (Manhattan)\n\n\nin 1880 he began conducting Mass over a feed store at 404 East 78th Street. The following year, he purchased land for the construction of the church and school. Construction of the first church building was completed in 1883. In 1892, the address was listed as 409 E 79th Street. The Rev. John J. Boyle served as acting rector at St. Monica's before becoming the founding pastor of St. Luke's Church (Bronx, New York). The current Gothic Revival church building was erected in 1906 to the designs of", "id": "18565781" }, { "contents": "Annunciation Church (historic) (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nAnnunciation Church (historic) (), was a Catholic parish church in Cleveland, Ohio and part of the Diocese of Cleveland. It was located at the intersection of Hurd St. and Moore St., now part of the West Side Market parking lot, in the Ohio City neighborhood. The location where the church once stood can be found, in an 1881 atlas, at the south-west corner of Hurd St. and Moore St., on the west bank of the Cuyahoga river above part of the Flats historically known as Ox", "id": "14549709" }, { "contents": "Sacred Heart of Jesus Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n. Between 1885 and 1889 a large number of Poles settled in South Cleveland, in the area of East 71st St. and Harvard Ave. They lived too far away from St. Stanislaus church for them to conveniently either attend Mass or for their children to attend the parish school. They petitioned Bishop Richard Gilmour for permission to form a new parish and build a church for their own use. The petition to form a new parish and build a church was granted, and the parish was founded in  — about 42 years after the Diocese", "id": "12287909" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland Heights, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Paul's Episcopal Church is a parish of the Episcopal Church in Cleveland Heights, Ohio. The current rector is the Rev. Jeanne Leinbach, installed on October 23, 2015. She is the first female rector of St. Paul's. Her predecessor was the Rev. Alan M. Gates, who served from 2004-2014, before his election as Bishop of Massachusetts. St. Paul's is a leading church and has the largest congregation in the Episcopal Diocese of Ohio. The church building is a Cleveland Heights landmark. Located at 2747", "id": "18644037" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nRev. Richard Gilmour. Volunteer German and Hungarian woodworkers completed the interior of the church. Over the next 40 years, the parish added a rectory, convent for the Sisters of Notre Dame and two school buildings including one for and an all girls two-year high school which opened in 1905. After World War II, St. Stephen's parish experienced unprecedented growth due to the population growth in Cleveland and throughout the country. On June 8, 1953 a tornado severely damaged the church structure. Work to restore the building began immediately", "id": "19215920" }, { "contents": "Cathedral of St. John the Evangelist (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nstyle and the Bishop laid the cornerstone October 22, 1848. Until the new building was completed in 1852, St. Mary's served as cathedral for the diocese. At the time of its completion, the new cathedral was the well beyond Cleveland's Public Square. Alterations and additions began on the church almost as soon as the initial construction was complete. In 1857, a boys' school was added and within ten years, it was joined by a parish hall and girls' school. In 1879, the parish raised sufficient", "id": "10656550" }, { "contents": "St. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nthe present building. Although the cornerstone was laid in 1918, the construction process was lengthy, and it was finally completed only in 1922. Built primarily of limestone, according to a design of Cleveland architect Emile Uhlrich, the church is an example of Italian-influenced Baroque Revival architecture, partly modelled after the church of Sant'Agnese in Agone in Rome. Two great towers, topped with cupolas, form the ends of the facade, while a great rose window sits in the middle section of the facade high above the main entrance", "id": "19215857" }, { "contents": "St. Nicholas' Catholic Church (Osgood, Ohio)\n\n\nnearby villages; St. Augustine's Church in Minster and St. Michael's Church in Fort Loramie were established by 1850, but the foundations of a parish in Osgood were not laid until 1904, and formal establishment of the parish came in 1906. In its earliest years, the Mass was celebrated in common buildings; after worshipping for a time in a school, the parishioners purchased a barn for ecclesiastical purposes. For many years, the improvement of the parish's facilities was hindered by its size; the fewness of its members meant", "id": "421917" }, { "contents": "Union–Miles Park\n\n\na congregation for African Americans, was founded 1914, and erected its first church building and school in 1916 at what is now Union Avenue and Martin Luther King Drive. The congregation that formed Archangel Michael Orthodox Church ( St. Michael's Orthodox Church) split from St. John the Baptist Orthodox Church in 1921. It began construction of its new church home at 10000 Union Avenue in April 1924, completing the structure in 1926. Although the long-standing Cataract House closed in 1917, the first Union–Miles Park movie theater,", "id": "20793486" }, { "contents": "St. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church is a historic Roman Catholic church in the Buckeye Road neighborhood on the east side of Cleveland, Ohio, United States. The earliest ethnic parish established for Hungarians in the United States, its present building was constructed in the early twentieth century, and it has been named a historic site. Cleveland's first Hungarian Catholics initially worshipped at St. Ladislaus' Church, an east-side Slovakian parish, but ethnic strife and increasing immigration prompted the Hungarian community to seek their own parish. Bishop Horstmann interceded", "id": "19215853" }, { "contents": "Sacred Heart of Jesus Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSacred Heart of Jesus (), was a Catholic parish church in Cleveland, Ohio and part of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland. It was located at the north-west corner of intersection of East 71st St. and Kazimier St., in a part of the South Broadway neighborhood previously known in Polish as \"\" and nicknamed \"Goosetown\". Both the church building and the school building are GNIS named features. The church, school, and rectory buildings are listed together as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. The church was closed", "id": "12287908" }, { "contents": "St. Mary Mother of the Redeemer Church (Norwalk, Ohio)\n\n\nSaint Mary Mother of the Redeemer Church is a parish in the Roman Catholic Diocese of Toledo. The current church is located at 38 W. League Street, Norwalk, Ohio. Construction on the building began on May 29, 1889, and was completed in 1894. The church was previously twinned with St. Alphonsus in Peru, Ohio, but was later twinned with St. Anthony in Milan, Ohio, after a mass restructuring of the diocese. The Century House was a name given to several buildings, now all demolished, within the", "id": "21671394" }, { "contents": "Pilgrim Congregational Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nPilgrim Congregational Church is a historic congregation of the United Church of Christ in Cleveland, Ohio, United States. Constructed in the 1890s for a congregation founded in the 1850s, it was named a historic site in the 1970s. Congregationalists began operating a Sunday school in Cleveland's Tremont neighborhood in 1854, and their efforts resulted in the creation of a church five years later. The members began construction of their first church building in 1865, although it was not completed until 1870. It was suitable for the congregation's needs for", "id": "19215838" }, { "contents": "Sidney Mason Stone\n\n\n; St. Patrick's Church, New Haven (1853) constructed of East Haven sandstone;First Congregational Church, Naugatuck, CT (1855) and Wooster Place Congregational Church, Wooster Square, New Haven (1855) (now the Church of St. Michael) the original design for which featured a Corinthian portico and tall steeple. In \"New Haven: A Guide to Architecture and Urban Design\", Brown remarks on St. Michael's, “The building has burned twice, the steeple blown down once...Only the side walls and tall", "id": "165241" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Dayton, Ohio)\n\n\ncentury, the parish had outgrown it, and construction began on a new building; Archbishop Moeller laid the cornerstone in July 1905 and consecrated it in November 1906. Growth continued, and St. Anthony's Church was established in 1913 by families coming out of St. Mary's. St. Mary's remains an active part of the Archdiocese of Cincinnati to the present day. Masses are celebrated both in English and in Spanish. The current St. Mary's Church is a Romanesque Revival structure built in a mix of brick and stone. Constructed", "id": "19205375" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Indianapolis, Indiana)\n\n\nuntil the Diocese of Indianapolis established Holy Rosary Catholic Church, an Italian national parish in Indianapolis in 1911. After the turn of the century, when the neighborhood become commercial, the parish purchased property at New Jersey and Vermont streets, where they built the present church, which was under construction from 1910 to 1912. St. Mary's adapted to its changing ethnic neighborhood over the years. In 1967, as the city's Spanish-speaking community began to grow, the parish began offering Sunday mass in Spanish. German-language", "id": "3660949" }, { "contents": "St. John's Catholic Church (Fryburg, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. John Catholic Church is a Roman Catholic church in the unincorporated community of Fryburg in Pusheta Township, Auglaize County, Ohio, United States. The parish was established in 1848, the same year in which the community was platted, and construction was completed in 1850. A Catholic school in connection with the church was established in 1877. Both buildings feature fine architecture: the church includes Gothic Revival elements such as ornate pilasters and lancet windows, while the former school is a good example of Federal architecture. St. John's is", "id": "11283325" }, { "contents": "St. Augustine Parish (Hartford, Connecticut)\n\n\nSt. Augustine Parish is a Roman Catholic parish located in Hartford, Connecticut. In addition to a church, the parish also administers a school, St. Augustine School. St. Augustine Parish was established in August 1902 with Fr. Michael Barry appointed as its first pastor. At that time, a church building had not yet been constructed so mass was offered at the Washington Street School until a basement chapel was completed in 1903. The current Romanesque-style church was completed in 1912 and dedicated by Bishop John J. Nilan of the then", "id": "21104070" }, { "contents": "Zion Lutheran Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nFirst Methodist, Trinity Cathedral, and St. Paul's Episcopal Church on Euclid Avenue. This condition persisted into the mid-1910s, at which point the neighborhood transitioned into a largely commercial area. Beginning after 1930, the neighborhood deteriorated as many buildings were demolished, often to create room for parking lots. In such an environment Zion Lutheran Church was constructed in 1902 and opened for public use in the following year. It is home to a congregation founded by German immigrants in 1843, the oldest extant Lutheran congregation in the city; many", "id": "19215936" }, { "contents": "Church of St Paul, Letchworth\n\n\nallow construction of the new church to begin, with the foundation stone being laid on 10 October 1923 by the Marchioness of Salisbury. Work on the first section of the building was completed including three and a half bays of the nave with arcades at the sides. This first section was consecrated by Michael Furse, the Bishop of St Albans on 3 May 1924. A tower was intended but was never built. By 1924 the church was becoming too small for its growing congregation and work on an extension began in early 1931,", "id": "1720772" }, { "contents": "Basilica of the Sacred Heart of Jesus, Syracuse\n\n\noriginal church was located across the street from the current structure. The first Mass in the new parish church was said on August 30, 1892, with the formal dedication taking place nearly a year later on June 11, 1893. The congregation outgrew the first church within a decade, and a decision was made to construct a new church. The foundations were built by parishioners in order to save money, and the cornerstone was laid in 1907. Work was completed in three years, and the church was completed and dedicated on", "id": "4119395" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n, side altars and pulpit are made entirely of oak wood and decorated with beautiful German woodcarvings. The church pews are also oak. A Mexican onyx and brass Communion rail was installed over the years and the floor of the sanctuary and aisles is made of black and white marble tiles. St. Stephen's is a fully active Roman Catholic Parish in the Diocese of Cleveland. This means that they have a full parish staff and church council. They have regular Sunday Masses as well as daily Masses. German Mass is offered every first", "id": "19215923" }, { "contents": "Roncesvalles, Toronto\n\n\nWomenpriests at the church. St. Casimir's Polish Roman Catholic Church at Garden Avenue, offers Polish masses on Sundays. Its origins begin in 1944 when the Oblate Mission decided to create the third Polish parish (and first in the west end) in Toronto. The lot on which the church stands today was purchased for $15,000 in 1948 and construction on the parish hall began the same year. The first mass was held in the church hall in 1949. The church was completed and officially began offering mass on May 23,", "id": "3040916" }, { "contents": "Rajavoor\n\n\nSt. Michael's Shrine which is located at the center part of Rajavoor. The annual feast starts on the first Friday of May with a flag hoisting followed by a ten-day Mass and adoration. The eighth, ninth and tenth days are marked with a car procession to St. Michael Archangel, carnival ended with High Mass in front of the Holy Cars. The Roman Catholics and parish are administered by the Kottar Diocese. Another notable church, Our Lady of Presentation (Kaanikkai Maathaa) Church is attached to the Rajavoor Parish as", "id": "4595849" }, { "contents": "Transfiguration Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nBaptist Church in the nearby suburb of Garfield Heights, Ohio, which had a large, new structure. In April 1943, Trinity Baptist Church sold its building to the Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland for $35,000 ($ in dollars). The Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland erected Transfiguration Parish on July 30, 1943. The parish was divided from nearby Immaculate Heart of Mary Church and Shrine Church of St. Stanislaus parishes. Reverend Joseph F. Zabawa was named the pastor of the new congregation, which took up residence in the Trinity", "id": "20542089" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Augustine (Larchmont, New York)\n\n\nThe Church of St. Augustine is a Roman Catholic church located in Larchmont, New York. The parish having been founded in 1892, the present Gothic Revival church building was constructed in 1928. With a growing number of Catholics living in Larchmont, New York—many of them domestic servants who attended Blessed Sacrament Church in New Rochelle or Most Holy Trinity Church in Mamaroneck—the Archbishop of New York, Michael Corrigan, created the parish of St. Augustine was created in 1892. The decision to establish a parish was motivated in part", "id": "19300736" }, { "contents": "St. Barbara Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Barbara Catholic Church () is a parish of the Roman Catholic Church in Cleveland, Ohio, within the Diocese of Cleveland. The parish church is located on Denison Ave. between West 16th St. and the southbound entrance to SR 176, in a part of the Brooklyn Centre neighborhood previously known in Polish as . The red brick parish church, designed by H.C. Gabele, is a local landmark. It is a GNIS named feature. The church, rectory and convent buildings are listed together as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. The", "id": "13695356" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\ntwo years the parishioners worshipped in a hotel before constructing a building at Fourth and Euclid downtown. A fire destroyed the structure before it was completed, but people throughout the city contributed funds to build a brick replacement in 1851. By the 1870s, the streets surrounding the church had become primarily commercial, so the vestry sold the building and rented halls while building the present church eastward on Euclid Avenue. Its placement amid the wealthy Millionaire's Row district soon caused it to become a symbol of the neighborhood. However, the membership", "id": "19215901" }, { "contents": "St Michael the Archangel Church, Chatham\n\n\nHeart Church in Luton. St Paulinus Church was built in 1788 as a Wesleyan Chapel. In 1892, it was bought by the local Catholic Church. Sacred Heart Church was built in 1949. On 26 June 1949, its foundation stone was laid by the parish priest of St Michael's Church. St Paulinus Church has one Sunday Mass at 9:00am. Sacred Heart Church also has one Sunday Mass, it is at 10:30am. St Michael's Church has four Sunday Masses: 6:30pm on Saturday and 9:30am, 11:00am and 6:00pm on", "id": "19228802" }, { "contents": "St Michael and All Angels Church, Kingaroy\n\n\n's construction. Architect Colin Deighton, who was assistant to John Hingeston Buckeridge, the Anglican Diocese of Brisbane Architect between 1887 and 1901, designed the church. Deighton designed a number of country churches and St Colomb's Anglican Church at Clayfield in Brisbane. The foundation stone of St Michael and All Angels Church was laid on 10 November 1910 by the Venerable Arthur Rivers, Archdeacon of Toowoomba. Construction of the building, which was to seat 250 worshippers, began in December 1910 and was completed in 1911. Its cost, including", "id": "3972006" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Catholic Church (Chicago)\n\n\nSt. Michael () is a church of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Chicago. The current church is located at E. 83rd Street and S. South Shore Drive in South Chicago, a neighborhood of Chicago, Illinois. It is a prime example of the so-called \"Polish Cathedral style\" of churches in both its opulence and grand scale. Along with Immaculate Conception, it is one of the two monumental Polish churches dominating over the South Chicago neighborhood. Founded in 1892 as a Polish parish in Chicago to relieve overcrowding at Immaculate", "id": "20616064" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nof St. Stephen's for 38 years. In 1873, Fr. Reichlin realized that a new church building was needed to accommodate the growing parish. The Cleveland-based architect firm called Cudell & Richardson was hired to build the structure that still stands today as St. Stephen's Roman Catholic Church. Due to economic depression in the mid-1870s, work on the new building was stopped. Parishioners mortgaged their own properties to raise funds for the new church. It was dedicated on November 20, 1881 by the second bishop of Cleveland,", "id": "19215919" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church, Madison\n\n\n1992, the parishes of St. Mary's and St. Michael's became one community of faith, with one priest, Father John Meyer, and two church buildings. Saturday night mass was held at St. Michael's for St. Michael's ‘parishioners,’ and on Sunday morning, mass was held at St. Mary's. In 1993, the area's two other Catholic Churches (St. Patrick's and St. Anthony's) were merged with St. Mary's-St. Michael's as well. St. Michael's had extensive roof damage", "id": "2385663" }, { "contents": "St. Michael's Church, Hildesheim\n\n\nin 1010 and dedicated the still unfinished building to Michael on the archangel's feast day, 29 September 1022, just a few weeks before his death. Construction, however, continued under his successor, Bishop Godehard (died 1038), who completed the work in 1031 and reconsecrated the church to Michael on September 29 of that year. The church has double choirs east and west, double tripartite transepts at either end of the nave, and six towers----two large ones over the crossings east and west, and four other tall and", "id": "721679" }, { "contents": "St. Augustine's Catholic Church (Napoleon, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Augustine's Catholic Church is a historic church in Napoleon, Ohio, United States. Located on the edge of the city's downtown, two blocks away from the Henry County Courthouse, the church is a prominent landmark in Napoleon. St. Augustine Parish was founded at some point between 1856 and 1858; its first priest was Michael Pietz. The parish was dedicated to St. Augustine in honor of Augustine Pilliod, who supervised the construction of its first building. This structure was replaced with the current church, which was built at", "id": "13450149" }, { "contents": "Saint Patrick's Church (Dubuque, Iowa)\n\n\nMcCabe was assigned as the first resident pastor. The cornerstone of the present brick church was laid in 1877, and the building dedicated on August 15, 1878. In 1928, the Rev. J.J. Hanley remodeled and enlarged the church. St. Patrick Church was originally built for service to the Irish settlers of Dubuque and while the parish has maintained a healthy respect for its Irish heritage over its many years of service, the parish now specializes in service to the Hispanic residents of Dubuque. The parish offers a Spanish Mass on Sundays,", "id": "20590874" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nsecond parish for German-speaking Catholics. In April 1869 the first bishop of Cleveland, Bishop Louis Amadeus Rappe, appointed Fr. Stephen Falk to have a two-story building built. The building would be used as a church on the upper level and a school on the lower level to accommodate the 200 families from St. Mary's that lived west of 44th Street. The newly ordained Fr. Casimir Reichlin became the first pastor and said the first Mass of the parish on May 1, 1870. He served as pastor", "id": "19215918" }, { "contents": "Immaculate Conception Catholic Church (Fulda, Ohio)\n\n\n. Construction began on a small church building under the ministry of the priest from Miltonsburg, and Archbishop Purcell of Cincinnati dedicated it in 1853. Ten years later, the parishioners constructed a parish school, and a rectory followed in 1866; its large size and pretentious architecture resulted in a high construction cost of $2,500. By this time, the original church building had become entirely inadequate for the needs of the congregation, and replacement plans were laid; the cornerstone was laid in May 1874, and Bishop Rosecrans of Columbus dedicated", "id": "19205436" }, { "contents": "St. Vitus's Church, Cleveland\n\n\nSt. Vitus is a parish of the Roman Catholic Church in Cleveland, Ohio, United States, in the Diocese of Cleveland. The parish church, located at 6019 Lausche Avenue in the St. Clair-Superior neighborhood, was completed in 1932. The first documented Slovenian to settle in the Cleveland area was Joseph Turk, who came about 1883, most likely from Carniola, and settled on Marble Avenue, near the steel mills. He helped organize the Catholic Slovenes in Cleveland, and requested that Bishop Richard Gilmour of Cleveland appoint a", "id": "916020" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Catholic Church (St. Patrick, Ohio)\n\n\nrectory in 1919 to house its pastor; before its construction, St. Patrick's was served by priests from St. Michael's Church in Fort Loramie to the southwest. In 1977, the church and rectory were recorded by the Ohio Historic Inventory for the purpose of historic preservation; both buildings were ranked in good condition without any significant risks. Two years later, they were listed together on the National Register of Historic Places, along with over thirty other buildings in the Land of the Cross-Tipped Churches. When these churches were", "id": "15760892" }, { "contents": "Cathedral of St Michael and St John\n\n\n. In that year work commenced on a permanent church building located on the corner of George and Keppel Streets. St Michael's Church was a Victorian Gothic style building constructed in brick. It was in use by 1841 but appears not to have been completed until 1846 when leadlight windows were installed. Bishop John Bede Polding (1794-1877), first Catholic Archbishop of Sydney, was interested in fostering the English Gothic style of architecture in his diocese. He arranged for plans for significant churches to be prepared by English architects including", "id": "17452035" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Cathedral, Thunder Bay\n\n\n. From there, St. Patrick's Church was one of many churches that was missioned to the First Nations in Northern Ontario, as well as St. Andrew's Church, which was handed over to the diocese in 1997. St. Patrick's was built in 1892, the same year as Thunder Bay was incorporated as a town. The foundation stone was laid on 10 October 1891, and the first Mass was celebrated on 21 August 1892. The Jesuit parish priests made plans for the construction of an elementary school later that decade.", "id": "14488629" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Catholic Church (Toledo, Ohio)\n\n\nfor use in a new building. Fr. Edward Hannin, pastor of St. Patrick's, set out to create \"the finest church in this part of the land,\" for his congregation and began to raise money for construction. When it was completed, St. Patrick's was considered one of the finest examples of Gothic Revival architecture in the United States. The exterior is constructed of Amherst blue sandstone and the interior contains ten red granite columns. The church was dedicated on April 13, 1901. The church underwent extensive", "id": "9145471" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Dayton, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Mary's Catholic Church is a historic Catholic church building in an eastern neighborhood of Dayton, Ohio, United States. Constructed at the beginning of the twentieth century, it remains home to an active parish. Its grand architecture has made it an aviator's landmark, and it has been named a historic site by the federal government. Emanuel Church, the first Catholic parish in Dayton, was formed in 1837. Many English-speaking families left to form a separate parish in 1846, but Emanuel continued growing to the point", "id": "19205373" }, { "contents": "Church of St. James the Less\n\n\nmission. Weekly celebration of Mass resumed on Sundays at 5:00 pm. The breakaway congregation now meets at the Holy Cross Catholic church and is known as the Church of Saint Michael the Archangel. During the controversy, the parish school closed circa 2006. As part of its mandate, Saint Mark's Church began a fundraising effort to open a new parish school to serve this local community. In 2009 and 2010, the St. Mark's congregation (together with St. Francis Episcopal Church in Potomac, Maryland) sponsored Vacation Bible School at", "id": "12322466" }, { "contents": "St. John's Evangelical Lutheran Church (Springfield, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. John's Evangelical Lutheran Church is a historic Lutheran church in downtown Springfield, Ohio, United States. Founded as a German-speaking parish in Springfield's early days, it grew rapidly during its first few decades, and its present large church building was constructed in the 1890s under the direction of one of Springfield's leading architects. The congregation remains in the landmark church building, which has been named a historic site. Springfield's first Lutheran congregation was organized in May 1841, and a separate group of German Lutherans began", "id": "18832000" }, { "contents": "St Michael and St John Church, Clitheroe\n\n\nGrade II listed building. In September 2008, the Jesuits handed the church over to the Diocese of Salford who continue to serve the parish. Two years later, the parish merged with St Mary Queen of Peace Church in Sabden to form the parish of Our Lady of the Valley. St Mary's was built in 1877 and it was made into a parish in 1909, so that the parishioners did not have to travel the sizeable distance to attend Mass in Clitheroe. The parish has two Sunday Masses at St Michael and St", "id": "5090732" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n. St. Paul's church building is one of just six Gothic Revival churches built in Cleveland during the 1870s that survived into the 1980s. At one time considered Cleveland's grandest and largest church, it is distinguished by the unusual architecture of the peak of the bell tower, and the open interior features extensive detailing, along with seating for one thousand worshippers. Covered with sandstone from Berea, the building was a work of Gordon W. Lloyd, a Detroit architect who also produced grand churches in Ohio cities of various sizes, ranging", "id": "19215903" }, { "contents": "St. Aloysius' Catholic Church (Carthagena, Ohio)\n\n\nerected in 1865. In their earliest years, the people worshipped in the chapel of the adjacent St. Charles Seminary. Throughout its history, the church has been significantly influenced by the seminary, which trained the priests of the Missionaries of the Precious Blood and provided pastors for the church. As its membership grew, the parish decided to construct a church building. Plans were laid and construction began in 1875; the cornerstone was laid in May 1877, and the church was consecrated on June 30, 1878; the parishioners had performed", "id": "20255448" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Church (Monroe, Michigan)\n\n\nto come. St. Michael Church is located along the River Raisin on West Front Street in the city of Monroe, MI. The 183 foot steeple isn't hard to miss. When you come into Monroe you can easily see St. Michael's A tradition at St. Michael Church is the parish prayer. It is said before the beginning of every mass. It reads: \"Lord, God, we glorify Your holy name and thank you for calling us, the people of Saint Michael the Archangel Parish, to be one in", "id": "12346363" }, { "contents": "St Michael and All Angels Church, Barton Turf\n\n\nSt Michael and All Angels is the Church of England parish church of Barton Turf in the county of Norfolk in England. See Inside here. It stands about a kilometre south-west of the village in the midst of a plantation of trees. Particularly notable for its surviving paintings, the church is listed with Grade I. The building was at first constructed in rather an undistinguished Perpendicular style, possessing a tower at the west end of the church. The church is best known for the twelve panels of its late-Gothic rood", "id": "15249529" }, { "contents": "St Michael and All Angels' Church, Haworth\n\n\nSt Michael and All Angels' Church is the Church of England parish church of Haworth, West Yorkshire. The current structure, the third church building on the site, was built between 1879 and 1881 although parts of the original medieval church building, notably the tower, survive from earlier periods. The church is best known for its historic association with the Brontë sisters whose father Revd. Patrick Brontë served as minister of the parish between 1820 and 1861. A chapel has existed on the site since 1488, though records held at", "id": "17201346" }, { "contents": "St. Peter Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Peter Church (), is a Catholic parish church in Cleveland, Ohio and part of the Diocese of Cleveland. Founded in , it is located at the intersection of Superior Ave. near East 17th St., in the Downtown neighborhood. The church is a longstanding city landmark; George Francis Houck, then the Chancellor, wrote in 1903 that, \"One of the landmarks of the city and Diocese of Cleveland is St. Peter's Church.\" It is listed as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. It is also a named", "id": "13925952" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Church (Monroe, Michigan)\n\n\n. It was used as a church on the first floor and on the second it was used for the school. Later it would only be used as St. Michael School. Then in 1866 the cornerstone for the present church was laid. The large 187 foot steeple wasn't added until 1883. In 1874 the 3-story rectory was built east of the church. In 1918 the parish built the present building of St. Michael School which is now a part of Monroe Catholic Elementary Schools. The movement to establish the parish started in 1845", "id": "12346356" }, { "contents": "St. Casimir Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nRichard Gilmour for permission to form a new parish and build a church for their own use. In December 1891, Monsignor Felix Boff, V.G., administrator of the diocese, granted the required permission. Those parishioners left to form St. Casimir Church in 1891. The parish was founded in 1891 — about 44 years after the Diocese of Cleveland was erected by Pope Pius IX. In December, 1891, Boff appointed Father Benedict Rosinski, pastor of St. Adalbert's, Berea, Ohio, to take charge of the mission. On", "id": "12488231" }, { "contents": "St James' Church, Forest Gate\n\n\nSt James' Church, Forest Gate was a church in Forest Gate, east London. Its origins lay in an iron building constructed around 1870 to serve a conventional district. A parish was formed for it in 1881 from those of Emmanuel Church, All Saints and St John's and its permanent church completed the following year, with an organ moved from St Matthew's Church, Friday Street. The church was demolished in 1964 and for two years its congregation worshiped in the Durning Hall Community Centre's chapel until the parish was", "id": "17208906" }, { "contents": "North Presbyterian Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nNorth Presbyterian Church is a historic Presbyterian church on the east side of Cleveland, Ohio, United States. Constructed in the 1880s, the church building has been named a historic site. Throughout its history, the congregation has been focused on Sunday school work. North Presbyterian Church developed out of a mission Sunday school established in east-side Cleveland in 1859. The local presbytery organized a congregation out of the Sunday school in 1867, and within a short while, the new congregation formed the first of two mission Sunday schools in", "id": "19215693" }, { "contents": "St. Vitus's Church, Cleveland\n\n\nVitus to work on the interior. It was finished for the centennial celebration of the parish later that year. St. Vitus remains a strong parish, but Fr. Božnar works with Bishop Lennon's programs to cluster parishes in order to increase strength for inner-city parishes. The church building of St. Vitus itself is constructed in the Lombard-Roman style with pale yellow Falston brick. It is 141 feet long and 100 feet wide with an attached parish house on its west side. Its two Romanesque bell towers reach 110 feet", "id": "916027" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Michael (St. Michael, Minnesota)\n\n\nof the church came from Saint John's Abbey in Collegeville. In 1866 a new church was built in the center of the town and served for about 25 years. In 1890 the parish built a Gothic Revival building, which was the largest church in Wright County at the time. The building features ornate statues and German woodcarvings. Although the parish had a mostly German ethnicity for many years, since 1985 the number of families in the parish doubled, and it no longer appears to be an ethnic parish. In 2004 the", "id": "1327870" }, { "contents": "St. Thomas Church (Underhill, Vermont)\n\n\nSt. Thomas Church is a Roman Catholic church in the Town of Underhill, Vermont in the United States, located in the unincorporated village of \"Underhill Center\". The church was built from 1891-92 after its predecessor had burned down on 19 December 1890. The cornerstone for the current St. Thomas Church building was laid on 12 August 1891 at an event that had an estimated 1,000 attendees. Although the construction period spanned from 1 May 1891 until December 1892, the first Mass was nevertheless held in the basement of the church", "id": "6739395" }, { "contents": "St. William Parish (Lawncrest)\n\n\n1950s and 60's, saw many changes come to the physical plant of the Parish that reflected the housing boom of the area, the economic upswing of the times and the growing parish population. Many of the original \"Motley Buildings\" were completely replaced. The Middle School (Junior High/Upper School) building was built and later an additional floor was added. When consideration was had for the completion of the Upper Church, it was found that the basement church was not structurally sufficient to support additional construction. In 1955", "id": "10364503" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Michael the Archangel, Katowice\n\n\nChurch of St. Michael Archangel () is one of the oldest buildings in Katowice. It's located in Kościuszko Park, where it was moved in 1938 from the village Syrynia, where it was originally constructed in 1510. It is under the invocation of St. Michael. It has end-fitted log framework construction and shingled roof. Free-standing belltower was completed before 1679; it has historic lych-gate and wooden fence around the churchyard. The church of St. Michael Archangel was first built in 1305 in Syrynia, near", "id": "21359049" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Catholic Church (St. Patrick, Ohio)\n\n\n's was closely connected to many other churches in western Ohio: wide areas of western Ohio that were primarily settled by Catholics feature large churches at sparsely-populated crossroads. While most of these churches are constructed in the Gothic Revival style of architecture, some of the newer churches of the region — including St. Patrick's — appear in a variety of styles; St. Patrick's was one of the few that lacked the high steeples of the Gothic Revival structures. The leading role of these churches in western Shelby County and the lands", "id": "15760890" }, { "contents": "St Michael's Roman Catholic Church, Linlithgow\n\n\nchildren the congregation capitalised on the spirit of cooperation and community and set out to build a school. Located on a site next to the church St. Joseph's school was opened on 1 July 1889 and served the children of the parish until 1964 when new premises were occupied at Preston Road. Although during this time Fr Easson had replaced Fr Murphy as parish priest there was no change of emphasis and all the parish energies were engaged in the effort to complete the church building programme. Plans to double the size of the church were", "id": "17679127" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Delaware, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Mary's Catholic Church is a historic Catholic parish church in the city of Delaware, Ohio, United States. Constructed in the 1880s, this grand building is home to a congregation established in the middle of the nineteenth century. Its grand style has long made it a community landmark, and it was named a historic landmark in 1980. Delaware's first Masses were celebrated by travelling priests in the homes of the city's few Catholics, most of whom were Irish or German immigrants. The members built the first St. Mary", "id": "2642749" }, { "contents": "Church of the Resurrection (Rye, New York)\n\n\nin 1881 at the intersection of Purchase Street and the Boston Post Road, where services were then offered. The parish was incorporated on January 29, 1886, and title to the property was transferred from the archdiocese to the parish itself. A new church building was completed in 1889 on Purchase Street, while the former building was used as the rectory. Thereafter, construction of a parochial school on the Boston Post Road began in 1906 and was completed two years later. With the number of parishioners growing, the church purchased land", "id": "19300829" }, { "contents": "Near North Side, Chicago\n\n\n, most of this area was an enclave to the first emigrants from Puerto Rico to Chicago, who referred to it as part of \"La Clark\" until commercialization decorated late 1960s shop signs with the name of Old Town. The neighborhood is home to St. Michael's Church, originally built to serve German immigrants, and one of only 7 to survive the great Chicago fire. St. Michael's, Holy Name Cathedral, Immaculate Conception, and St. Joseph's Catholic churches all catered to Latinos with a Mass in Spanish. Many", "id": "1540930" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Massillon, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Mary's Catholic Church is a historic Catholic church building in the city of Massillon, Ohio, United States. Constructed in 1876 for a congregation composed largely of European immigrants, it has been named a historic site. The origins of St. Mary parish lie among numerous Germans and Irish who settled in Massillon in its early years and built a small house of worship on Cherry Road in the 1840s. This building stood until 1875, when it was destroyed so that the present church might occupy its location; it was built in", "id": "19205828" }, { "contents": "St. Anne Church (Berlin, New Hampshire)\n\n\nSt. Anne Church is a historic church at 58 Church Street in Berlin, New Hampshire, United States. It is the church for Good Shepherd Parish within the Roman Catholic Diocese of Manchester. St. Anne Parish was founded in 1867, and was Berlin's first Roman Catholic congregation. It was merged with Guardian Angel Parish, St. Joseph Parish, and St. Kieran Parish in 2000 to form Good Shepherd Parish. Its building, constructed in 1900, is an important local example of Romanesque architecture, and was listed on the National Register", "id": "2452362" }, { "contents": "St. Peter Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n, put up by Luhr, was torn down and replaced by a large pastoral residence adjoining the rear of the church, at a cost of $12,000. In the same year a third story was added to St. Peter's school building, and arranged for a parish hall, containing a stage and other conveniences, at a cost of $10,000. In the synod of January 3, 1889, St. Peter's congregation was the first mentioned among the nine principal churches of the diocese which Gilmour named as rectorates, with an", "id": "13925965" }, { "contents": "Trinity Cathedral (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nfirst church building built within the village limits of Cleveland. In 1846, to meet the needs of a growing parish, plans for a larger, centralized building just east of Public Square commenced. The congregation moved into the larger stone structure in the Gothic style on Superior Avenue in 1855. In 1890, Trinity Church was offered to Bishop William A. Leonard for use as a cathedral for the Diocese of Ohio. The congregation would maintain the building and it would serve dual roles as the parish church and cathedral for the diocese.", "id": "19215933" }, { "contents": "St. Andrew's Cathedral (Jackson, Mississippi)\n\n\nat the time that was not located along the Mississippi River. Its church was burned by the Union Army during the American Civil War in 1863. The cornerstone for the second church was laid by the Rt. Rev. William Mercer Green in 1869. By the turn of the Twentieth Century the congregation had outgrown its church building and the present structure was completed in 1903. The Parish House was constructed between 1923 and 1924. The congregation continued to grow and the building along West Street was built in 1955. The bishop moved his", "id": "20556538" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Evansville, Indiana)\n\n\nservice in the first church building was held on April 15, 1883. While construction ensued, a congregant and frequent benefactor, Charles Viele, offered the use of Viele Hall (located on 2nd street between Main and Sycamore streets) to St. Paul's parish. The cornerstone for new St. Paul's was laid on September 3, 1883, and construction completed on March 2, 1886 with Bishop D.B. Knickerbacker consecrating the new building. Charles and Mary Viele continued to sponsor further construction on the church grounds - first with a rectory", "id": "20407572" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Church (Monroe, Michigan)\n\n\nSaint Michael the Archangel Church (St. Michael Church) is located on the west side of the city of Monroe, Michigan along the River Raisin. It is home to 1,200 families and it is one of most important religious institutes in Monroe County. It was founded in the year 1852. The present building was built from 1866-1867. It is in the Archdiocese of Detroit. Its current priest is Rev. Phillip Ching. When the parish was first established, the mayor of Monroe palatial residence was remodeled as a temporary church", "id": "12346355" }, { "contents": "St. Mary Congregational Church\n\n\nSt. Mary Congregational Church in Abbeville, Louisiana is the oldest incorporated, predominantly African-American church in Vermilion Parish. Its historic Gothic Revival style church at 213 S. Louisiana Avenue, constructed in 1905 to replace a previous building, was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1999. American Missionary Association records show the congregation dates to at least 1877. The structure is a three-bay, gable-fronted church with a prominent corner tower. The tower is three-stage and square. The church is currently non", "id": "17676536" }, { "contents": "St. Charles of the Valley Catholic Church and Rectory\n\n\nSt. Charles Borromeo Church is a Catholic parish in Hailey, Idaho, in the Diocese of Boise. Its historic parish church and rectory complex, located at Pine and S. 1st Streets, is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Fr. E.M. Nattini began ministering in the Wood River Valley in the 1880s. The population was growing rapidly, and he was soon able to raise funds for the construction of the first church of St. Charles, which began June 17, 1883. It was the first Catholic church ineast of", "id": "20581174" }, { "contents": "Sacred Heart Catholic Church (Dayton, Ohio)\n\n\nprompted some of the members to leave in July 1883 and establish Sacred Heart Church; under the leadership of St. Joseph's associate pastor Hugh McDevitt, the congregation rented a meeting hall while waiting for the construction of their building. Land for the present church was purchased for $19,000, and William Henry Elder laid the cornerstone in June 1888. Exterior work was completed in the following year, and by 1893 construction was close enough to completion that the congregation could begin worshipping in their building. The building was consecrated by Bishop Maes", "id": "22206155" }, { "contents": "St. Vincent de Paul Church (Pontiac, Michigan)\n\n\n. The church continued to grow, and in the 1880s, the Reverend Fridolin Baumgartner began raising funds for the construction of the present church. The congregation hired the Detroit architecture firm of Donaldson & Meier to design the church, and the cornerstone was laid on September 6, 1885. The church was dedicated two years later, on September 18, 1887. A 6600-pound bell was installed in the church in 1890. A rectory was constructed in 1895, a school building was added in 1897, and a parish hall in 1911", "id": "19268922" }, { "contents": "St. Boniface Roman Catholic Church\n\n\npopulation on the west side. In 1873, a two-story, red brick Italianate rectory building was built for the parish at a cost of $6,000. A stone church building was planned by the prominent local architect William M. Scott, and construction was completed in 1883 at a cost of $30,000. The parish was closed in 1989, and the building was demolished a few years later. St. Boniface Church was an eclectic example of Romanesque Revival and Ruskinian Gothic architecture. It was built in a cruciform shape from red", "id": "9736494" } ]

[ { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nchurch congregation reached its peak size in the 1950, when only 25% of the parishioners were of German descent. The first Spanish Mass was said in 1971 for the growing number of Hispanic parishioners. The congregation now is mostly Latin American. The church now offers Masses in both English and Spanish. An annual Good Friday Procession begins or ends at St. Michael's. St Michael's and La Sagrada Familia church alternate every year to begin or end at one of the two churches. There is a stop at St Patrick's", "id": "19125747" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nwhile the new building was under construction. The current church, which had its cornerstone laid in 1889, was completed five years ahead of schedule in 1892. The church building is considered a good example of High Victorian Gothic architecture with its two towers of unequal height, the taller of which rises , and three archways. An architecturally notable school adjacent to the church began construction in 1906 and was completed in 1907. For many years the church was one of the most costly and artistically notable churches in the Cleveland Diocese. The", "id": "19125746" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Michael the Archangel is a Roman Catholic church located at 3114 Scranton Road in the Clark-Fulton neighborhood on the west side of Cleveland, Ohio. The church is named in honor of St. Michael the Archangel and was completed in 1892. The congregation was founded in 1881 as a mission of Ohio City, Cleveland's St. Mary's on-the-Flats to serve a growing German immigrant population on Cleveland's west side. The original church and school building were constructed in 1883 but burned on June 29, 1891,", "id": "19125745" }, { "contents": "St. John's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n's. Trinity Cathedral is now the seat of the Episcopal Diocese of Ohio. St. John's was also the mother church to several of the west side parishes. In 1837, the Ohio City Directory described the church as follows, \"The Episcopal Church, which is not yet finished, is built of hammered stone, and has a lofty steeple. Its style of architecture is Gothic, resembling that of the ancient and venerable Cathedral. This building, when finished, will be one of the best of the kind in the", "id": "18742416" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cincinnati, Ohio)\n\n\n1847. The cornerstone was laid August 1, 1847 and the church dedicated June 4, 1848. Rev. Fr. Zoppoth was selected as the first pastor for the congregation. In 1868 St. Michael Church became the mother parish to St. Lawrence Church which was organized that same year. The Comboni Missionaries took charge of the parish in 1964. By this time many of the German-speaking families in the parish had begun to move to other parts of the city. In a mass celebrated by Daniel Edward Pilarczyk the church building was", "id": "11338583" }, { "contents": "St. Columba Cathedral (Youngstown, Ohio)\n\n\nThe first Mass celebrated in Youngstown occurred in 1826. St. Columba Parish was founded in 1847, the year that Pope Pius IX established the Diocese of Cleveland, of which Youngstown was a part. The first church was completed in 1850. As the parish grew, it required a larger church, which it completed in 1868. The first parish school building was opened three years later. The parish continued to grow and constructed yet another church which opened in 1897. Bishop Ignatius Horstmann consecrated the sanctuary in 1903. The parish added", "id": "13619245" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Stephen Church is a Roman Catholic church located in the Detroit-Shoreway neighborhood on the west side of Cleveland, Ohio. The gothic style building was designed by architects Cudell & Richardson. The current church was built in 1875 and was added into the National Register of Historic Places in 1977. St. Stephen Roman Catholic Church was founded in 1869 due to a need for a second German parish on the west side of Cleveland. The first German parish, St. Mary's, increased so much that Cleveland was in need of a", "id": "19215917" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cincinnati, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Michael the Archangel Church is a Roman Catholic church located at 2110 St. Michael Street, in Cincinnati, Ohio. The cornerstone of this church was laid in 1847 and the church dedicated a year later. The church closed April 5, 1998. As the tide of German immigrants continued to rise in Cincinnati, more churches were needed. Holy Trinity Church was the first German speaking parish. As the city grew in three directions; north, east and west; there were three parishes which descended from that parish Old St. Mary", "id": "11338581" }, { "contents": "St. John's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. John's Episcopal Church is located at 2600 Church Avenue in the Ohio City neighborhood of Cleveland, Ohio. St. John's is the oldest consecrated building in Cuyahoga county. This stone gothic revival church building was designed by Hezekiah Eldredge and built beginning in 1836 and was completed 1838. Eldridge was probably familiar with John Henry Hopkins' \"An Essay on Gothic Architecture\", the first book on Gothic ecclesiastical architecture to be published in the United States. St. John's is a good representative of a small group of American churches", "id": "18742414" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland Heights, Ohio)\n\n\nFairmount Blvd, it is a contributing property in the Fairmount Boulevard District, which is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. St. Paul's was first established in the city of Cleveland, Ohio on October 26, 1846. The congregation did not have its own building until 1851, as a frame building completed in 1849 burned completely. A small brick church in the Gothic Revival style was completed for the parish at Euclid and Sheriff (East 4th) Streets by 1858. St. Paul's congregation outgrew the church, however", "id": "18644038" }, { "contents": "Irvington, Baltimore\n\n\nPassion\", marking the beginning of St. Joseph's Monastery Parish. Construction of a new, larger church began in 1881 and was completed in 1883. Its cornerstone was placed by Cardinal James Gibbons. The original monastery, beside the church, burned down in 1883. A new monastery was completed in 1886. The monastery chapel is extant and contains an 1887 Niemann pipe organ. The congregation of St. Joseph's Monastery Parish outgrew their church building in the following century. In 1931, Archbishop Michael Joseph Curley placed the cornerstone for", "id": "5906170" }, { "contents": "St. Theodosius Russian Orthodox Cathedral\n\n\nSt. Theodosius Cathedral is an Orthodox church located on Starkweather Avenue in the Tremont neighborhood, on the near west side of Cleveland, Ohio. It is considered one of the best examples of Russian church architecture in the U.S. and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The parish is the first Orthodox parish in Cleveland and is currently under the jurisdiction of the Diocese of the Midwest of the Orthodox Church in America. St. Theodosius is perhaps best known for its appearance in the 1978 film, \"The Deer Hunter\" with", "id": "13141384" }, { "contents": "St. Casimir Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nBoth the church building and the school building are GNIS named features. The church building is listed as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. To provide properly for the large and steadily increasing number of Poles in the north-eastern part of Cleveland it was necessary to organize them into the third Polish congregation within the limits of the city. They lived too far away from St. Stanislaus Church, with which they had been affiliated, for them to conveniently either attend Mass or for their children to attend the parish school. They therefore petitioned Bishop", "id": "12488230" }, { "contents": "St. Henry's Catholic Church (Harriettsville, Ohio)\n\n\nChurch in Fulda in order to hear Mass. Virtually all of the members in the early decades were Germans or of German descent. A parish school was formed in the late 1870s, and in its first twenty years, the parish grew fourfold in membership. This growth caused the original church building to be too small: land for a new building was purchased in 1879, and construction finished in 1894. St. Henry's Church is a stone building in the Gothic Revival style; the most prominent component is a multi-story tower", "id": "19205430" }, { "contents": "St. Michael's Church, Old Town, Chicago\n\n\nSt. Michael's Church in the Old Town neighborhood of Chicago is a Roman Catholic church staffed by the Redemptorist order of priests. The parish was founded to minister to German Catholic immigrants in 1852 with its first wooden church completed that year at a cost of $750 (including the bell). The building stands at the intersection of Eugenie Street and Cleveland Avenue. The church was built as a haven for German immigrants who were outcasts in Old Chicago. In addition, the town's main church, St. Joseph's Church,", "id": "10838314" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cincinnati, Ohio)\n\n\n's Church, St. Philomena's Church and St. Joseph's Church. The three parishes were founded in 1840, 1846 and 1846 respectively. As more immigration followed, St. Michael's was founded, the first filial parish of St. Joseph. The parish was located to what was then called Storrs Township. Forty-five persons organized themselves into a congregation in the early part of 1847 and drew up a constitution for the church A lot was donated by Innocent Troenle and two additional adjacent pieces of property were bought in April and May", "id": "11338582" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Michael and St. Anthony\n\n\ntoday to mostly Poles and Italians. The church has also been noted for its Byzantine Revival architecture, complete with a dome and minaret-styled tower, making it \"one of the more unique examples of church architecture in Montréal.\" Construction on the Church of St. Michael the Archangel began in 1914, for what would grow to become the largest anglophone parish in Montreal. After a brief delay following the commencement of World War I, the church was completed in 1915 at a cost of $232,000, with a capacity of", "id": "10850773" }, { "contents": "Zion Lutheran Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nother Cleveland-area Lutheran congregations, including Trinity Lutheran Church, are Zion's daughters. The original church building was located downtown, but the east-side German community was strong enough by 1902 that the congregation deemed Prospect Avenue a better location for serving the community. From its earliest years, the congregation had sponsored a school; Zion Lutheran School was founded in 1848, at which time all scholars were instructed in German. The school moved to Prospect Avenue ahead of the church; the present building was completed in 1903,", "id": "19215937" }, { "contents": "St. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\non their behalf with papal authorities, and Charles Boehm of Hungary settled in Cleveland in late 1892 to serve the new St. Elizabeth parish, the first Hungarian nationality parish in America. Boehm immediately began registering members and advocating for the construction of a church complex; the first church building, a brick structure, was erected by the end of 1893, a school soon followed, and a larger school was completed in 1900 because of expanded enrollment. He also began a Hungarian-language parish newspaper that soon gained subscribers in other parts", "id": "19215854" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church, Madison\n\n\ndying Catholics (he was a doctor as well). Costigan is believed to have been the Catholic architect of the church. Costigan was only recorded as being a member of the parish during the construction, but details of the church building mirror his other buildings in Madison. In December 1839 St. Michael the Archangel Catholic Church was completed. As the City of Madison grew, so did its Catholic population. German–Catholics had increased highly in numbers and had formed a separate congregation within St. Michael's. In 1850, the", "id": "2385658" }, { "contents": "Pilgrim Congregational Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nonly a short time, as construction on the present building was started just 23 years after the first building was finished. The name \"Pilgrim Congregational Church\" was adopted in 1894 upon the completion of the present building; they had been styled \"Heights Congregational Church\" into the 1870s and used the name \"Jennings Avenue Congregational Church\" in the 1880s. The building was a community landmark from its earliest years — electric wiring was included in the original construction at a time when no other Cleveland buildings west of the Cuyahoga River", "id": "19215839" }, { "contents": "St. Monica Church (Manhattan)\n\n\nin 1880 he began conducting Mass over a feed store at 404 East 78th Street. The following year, he purchased land for the construction of the church and school. Construction of the first church building was completed in 1883. In 1892, the address was listed as 409 E 79th Street. The Rev. John J. Boyle served as acting rector at St. Monica's before becoming the founding pastor of St. Luke's Church (Bronx, New York). The current Gothic Revival church building was erected in 1906 to the designs of", "id": "18565781" }, { "contents": "Annunciation Church (historic) (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nAnnunciation Church (historic) (), was a Catholic parish church in Cleveland, Ohio and part of the Diocese of Cleveland. It was located at the intersection of Hurd St. and Moore St., now part of the West Side Market parking lot, in the Ohio City neighborhood. The location where the church once stood can be found, in an 1881 atlas, at the south-west corner of Hurd St. and Moore St., on the west bank of the Cuyahoga river above part of the Flats historically known as Ox", "id": "14549709" }, { "contents": "Sacred Heart of Jesus Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n. Between 1885 and 1889 a large number of Poles settled in South Cleveland, in the area of East 71st St. and Harvard Ave. They lived too far away from St. Stanislaus church for them to conveniently either attend Mass or for their children to attend the parish school. They petitioned Bishop Richard Gilmour for permission to form a new parish and build a church for their own use. The petition to form a new parish and build a church was granted, and the parish was founded in  — about 42 years after the Diocese", "id": "12287909" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland Heights, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Paul's Episcopal Church is a parish of the Episcopal Church in Cleveland Heights, Ohio. The current rector is the Rev. Jeanne Leinbach, installed on October 23, 2015. She is the first female rector of St. Paul's. Her predecessor was the Rev. Alan M. Gates, who served from 2004-2014, before his election as Bishop of Massachusetts. St. Paul's is a leading church and has the largest congregation in the Episcopal Diocese of Ohio. The church building is a Cleveland Heights landmark. Located at 2747", "id": "18644037" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nRev. Richard Gilmour. Volunteer German and Hungarian woodworkers completed the interior of the church. Over the next 40 years, the parish added a rectory, convent for the Sisters of Notre Dame and two school buildings including one for and an all girls two-year high school which opened in 1905. After World War II, St. Stephen's parish experienced unprecedented growth due to the population growth in Cleveland and throughout the country. On June 8, 1953 a tornado severely damaged the church structure. Work to restore the building began immediately", "id": "19215920" }, { "contents": "Cathedral of St. John the Evangelist (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nstyle and the Bishop laid the cornerstone October 22, 1848. Until the new building was completed in 1852, St. Mary's served as cathedral for the diocese. At the time of its completion, the new cathedral was the well beyond Cleveland's Public Square. Alterations and additions began on the church almost as soon as the initial construction was complete. In 1857, a boys' school was added and within ten years, it was joined by a parish hall and girls' school. In 1879, the parish raised sufficient", "id": "10656550" }, { "contents": "St. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nthe present building. Although the cornerstone was laid in 1918, the construction process was lengthy, and it was finally completed only in 1922. Built primarily of limestone, according to a design of Cleveland architect Emile Uhlrich, the church is an example of Italian-influenced Baroque Revival architecture, partly modelled after the church of Sant'Agnese in Agone in Rome. Two great towers, topped with cupolas, form the ends of the facade, while a great rose window sits in the middle section of the facade high above the main entrance", "id": "19215857" }, { "contents": "St. Nicholas' Catholic Church (Osgood, Ohio)\n\n\nnearby villages; St. Augustine's Church in Minster and St. Michael's Church in Fort Loramie were established by 1850, but the foundations of a parish in Osgood were not laid until 1904, and formal establishment of the parish came in 1906. In its earliest years, the Mass was celebrated in common buildings; after worshipping for a time in a school, the parishioners purchased a barn for ecclesiastical purposes. For many years, the improvement of the parish's facilities was hindered by its size; the fewness of its members meant", "id": "421917" }, { "contents": "Union–Miles Park\n\n\na congregation for African Americans, was founded 1914, and erected its first church building and school in 1916 at what is now Union Avenue and Martin Luther King Drive. The congregation that formed Archangel Michael Orthodox Church ( St. Michael's Orthodox Church) split from St. John the Baptist Orthodox Church in 1921. It began construction of its new church home at 10000 Union Avenue in April 1924, completing the structure in 1926. Although the long-standing Cataract House closed in 1917, the first Union–Miles Park movie theater,", "id": "20793486" }, { "contents": "St. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church is a historic Roman Catholic church in the Buckeye Road neighborhood on the east side of Cleveland, Ohio, United States. The earliest ethnic parish established for Hungarians in the United States, its present building was constructed in the early twentieth century, and it has been named a historic site. Cleveland's first Hungarian Catholics initially worshipped at St. Ladislaus' Church, an east-side Slovakian parish, but ethnic strife and increasing immigration prompted the Hungarian community to seek their own parish. Bishop Horstmann interceded", "id": "19215853" }, { "contents": "Sacred Heart of Jesus Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSacred Heart of Jesus (), was a Catholic parish church in Cleveland, Ohio and part of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland. It was located at the north-west corner of intersection of East 71st St. and Kazimier St., in a part of the South Broadway neighborhood previously known in Polish as \"\" and nicknamed \"Goosetown\". Both the church building and the school building are GNIS named features. The church, school, and rectory buildings are listed together as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. The church was closed", "id": "12287908" }, { "contents": "St. Mary Mother of the Redeemer Church (Norwalk, Ohio)\n\n\nSaint Mary Mother of the Redeemer Church is a parish in the Roman Catholic Diocese of Toledo. The current church is located at 38 W. League Street, Norwalk, Ohio. Construction on the building began on May 29, 1889, and was completed in 1894. The church was previously twinned with St. Alphonsus in Peru, Ohio, but was later twinned with St. Anthony in Milan, Ohio, after a mass restructuring of the diocese. The Century House was a name given to several buildings, now all demolished, within the", "id": "21671394" }, { "contents": "Pilgrim Congregational Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nPilgrim Congregational Church is a historic congregation of the United Church of Christ in Cleveland, Ohio, United States. Constructed in the 1890s for a congregation founded in the 1850s, it was named a historic site in the 1970s. Congregationalists began operating a Sunday school in Cleveland's Tremont neighborhood in 1854, and their efforts resulted in the creation of a church five years later. The members began construction of their first church building in 1865, although it was not completed until 1870. It was suitable for the congregation's needs for", "id": "19215838" }, { "contents": "Sidney Mason Stone\n\n\n; St. Patrick's Church, New Haven (1853) constructed of East Haven sandstone;First Congregational Church, Naugatuck, CT (1855) and Wooster Place Congregational Church, Wooster Square, New Haven (1855) (now the Church of St. Michael) the original design for which featured a Corinthian portico and tall steeple. In \"New Haven: A Guide to Architecture and Urban Design\", Brown remarks on St. Michael's, “The building has burned twice, the steeple blown down once...Only the side walls and tall", "id": "165241" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Dayton, Ohio)\n\n\ncentury, the parish had outgrown it, and construction began on a new building; Archbishop Moeller laid the cornerstone in July 1905 and consecrated it in November 1906. Growth continued, and St. Anthony's Church was established in 1913 by families coming out of St. Mary's. St. Mary's remains an active part of the Archdiocese of Cincinnati to the present day. Masses are celebrated both in English and in Spanish. The current St. Mary's Church is a Romanesque Revival structure built in a mix of brick and stone. Constructed", "id": "19205375" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Indianapolis, Indiana)\n\n\nuntil the Diocese of Indianapolis established Holy Rosary Catholic Church, an Italian national parish in Indianapolis in 1911. After the turn of the century, when the neighborhood become commercial, the parish purchased property at New Jersey and Vermont streets, where they built the present church, which was under construction from 1910 to 1912. St. Mary's adapted to its changing ethnic neighborhood over the years. In 1967, as the city's Spanish-speaking community began to grow, the parish began offering Sunday mass in Spanish. German-language", "id": "3660949" }, { "contents": "St. John's Catholic Church (Fryburg, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. John Catholic Church is a Roman Catholic church in the unincorporated community of Fryburg in Pusheta Township, Auglaize County, Ohio, United States. The parish was established in 1848, the same year in which the community was platted, and construction was completed in 1850. A Catholic school in connection with the church was established in 1877. Both buildings feature fine architecture: the church includes Gothic Revival elements such as ornate pilasters and lancet windows, while the former school is a good example of Federal architecture. St. John's is", "id": "11283325" }, { "contents": "St. Augustine Parish (Hartford, Connecticut)\n\n\nSt. Augustine Parish is a Roman Catholic parish located in Hartford, Connecticut. In addition to a church, the parish also administers a school, St. Augustine School. St. Augustine Parish was established in August 1902 with Fr. Michael Barry appointed as its first pastor. At that time, a church building had not yet been constructed so mass was offered at the Washington Street School until a basement chapel was completed in 1903. The current Romanesque-style church was completed in 1912 and dedicated by Bishop John J. Nilan of the then", "id": "21104070" }, { "contents": "Zion Lutheran Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nFirst Methodist, Trinity Cathedral, and St. Paul's Episcopal Church on Euclid Avenue. This condition persisted into the mid-1910s, at which point the neighborhood transitioned into a largely commercial area. Beginning after 1930, the neighborhood deteriorated as many buildings were demolished, often to create room for parking lots. In such an environment Zion Lutheran Church was constructed in 1902 and opened for public use in the following year. It is home to a congregation founded by German immigrants in 1843, the oldest extant Lutheran congregation in the city; many", "id": "19215936" }, { "contents": "Church of St Paul, Letchworth\n\n\nallow construction of the new church to begin, with the foundation stone being laid on 10 October 1923 by the Marchioness of Salisbury. Work on the first section of the building was completed including three and a half bays of the nave with arcades at the sides. This first section was consecrated by Michael Furse, the Bishop of St Albans on 3 May 1924. A tower was intended but was never built. By 1924 the church was becoming too small for its growing congregation and work on an extension began in early 1931,", "id": "1720772" }, { "contents": "Basilica of the Sacred Heart of Jesus, Syracuse\n\n\noriginal church was located across the street from the current structure. The first Mass in the new parish church was said on August 30, 1892, with the formal dedication taking place nearly a year later on June 11, 1893. The congregation outgrew the first church within a decade, and a decision was made to construct a new church. The foundations were built by parishioners in order to save money, and the cornerstone was laid in 1907. Work was completed in three years, and the church was completed and dedicated on", "id": "4119395" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n, side altars and pulpit are made entirely of oak wood and decorated with beautiful German woodcarvings. The church pews are also oak. A Mexican onyx and brass Communion rail was installed over the years and the floor of the sanctuary and aisles is made of black and white marble tiles. St. Stephen's is a fully active Roman Catholic Parish in the Diocese of Cleveland. This means that they have a full parish staff and church council. They have regular Sunday Masses as well as daily Masses. German Mass is offered every first", "id": "19215923" }, { "contents": "Roncesvalles, Toronto\n\n\nWomenpriests at the church. St. Casimir's Polish Roman Catholic Church at Garden Avenue, offers Polish masses on Sundays. Its origins begin in 1944 when the Oblate Mission decided to create the third Polish parish (and first in the west end) in Toronto. The lot on which the church stands today was purchased for $15,000 in 1948 and construction on the parish hall began the same year. The first mass was held in the church hall in 1949. The church was completed and officially began offering mass on May 23,", "id": "3040916" }, { "contents": "Rajavoor\n\n\nSt. Michael's Shrine which is located at the center part of Rajavoor. The annual feast starts on the first Friday of May with a flag hoisting followed by a ten-day Mass and adoration. The eighth, ninth and tenth days are marked with a car procession to St. Michael Archangel, carnival ended with High Mass in front of the Holy Cars. The Roman Catholics and parish are administered by the Kottar Diocese. Another notable church, Our Lady of Presentation (Kaanikkai Maathaa) Church is attached to the Rajavoor Parish as", "id": "4595849" }, { "contents": "Transfiguration Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nBaptist Church in the nearby suburb of Garfield Heights, Ohio, which had a large, new structure. In April 1943, Trinity Baptist Church sold its building to the Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland for $35,000 ($ in dollars). The Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland erected Transfiguration Parish on July 30, 1943. The parish was divided from nearby Immaculate Heart of Mary Church and Shrine Church of St. Stanislaus parishes. Reverend Joseph F. Zabawa was named the pastor of the new congregation, which took up residence in the Trinity", "id": "20542089" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Augustine (Larchmont, New York)\n\n\nThe Church of St. Augustine is a Roman Catholic church located in Larchmont, New York. The parish having been founded in 1892, the present Gothic Revival church building was constructed in 1928. With a growing number of Catholics living in Larchmont, New York—many of them domestic servants who attended Blessed Sacrament Church in New Rochelle or Most Holy Trinity Church in Mamaroneck—the Archbishop of New York, Michael Corrigan, created the parish of St. Augustine was created in 1892. The decision to establish a parish was motivated in part", "id": "19300736" }, { "contents": "St. Barbara Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Barbara Catholic Church () is a parish of the Roman Catholic Church in Cleveland, Ohio, within the Diocese of Cleveland. The parish church is located on Denison Ave. between West 16th St. and the southbound entrance to SR 176, in a part of the Brooklyn Centre neighborhood previously known in Polish as . The red brick parish church, designed by H.C. Gabele, is a local landmark. It is a GNIS named feature. The church, rectory and convent buildings are listed together as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. The", "id": "13695356" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\ntwo years the parishioners worshipped in a hotel before constructing a building at Fourth and Euclid downtown. A fire destroyed the structure before it was completed, but people throughout the city contributed funds to build a brick replacement in 1851. By the 1870s, the streets surrounding the church had become primarily commercial, so the vestry sold the building and rented halls while building the present church eastward on Euclid Avenue. Its placement amid the wealthy Millionaire's Row district soon caused it to become a symbol of the neighborhood. However, the membership", "id": "19215901" }, { "contents": "St Michael the Archangel Church, Chatham\n\n\nHeart Church in Luton. St Paulinus Church was built in 1788 as a Wesleyan Chapel. In 1892, it was bought by the local Catholic Church. Sacred Heart Church was built in 1949. On 26 June 1949, its foundation stone was laid by the parish priest of St Michael's Church. St Paulinus Church has one Sunday Mass at 9:00am. Sacred Heart Church also has one Sunday Mass, it is at 10:30am. St Michael's Church has four Sunday Masses: 6:30pm on Saturday and 9:30am, 11:00am and 6:00pm on", "id": "19228802" }, { "contents": "St Michael and All Angels Church, Kingaroy\n\n\n's construction. Architect Colin Deighton, who was assistant to John Hingeston Buckeridge, the Anglican Diocese of Brisbane Architect between 1887 and 1901, designed the church. Deighton designed a number of country churches and St Colomb's Anglican Church at Clayfield in Brisbane. The foundation stone of St Michael and All Angels Church was laid on 10 November 1910 by the Venerable Arthur Rivers, Archdeacon of Toowoomba. Construction of the building, which was to seat 250 worshippers, began in December 1910 and was completed in 1911. Its cost, including", "id": "3972006" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Catholic Church (Chicago)\n\n\nSt. Michael () is a church of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Chicago. The current church is located at E. 83rd Street and S. South Shore Drive in South Chicago, a neighborhood of Chicago, Illinois. It is a prime example of the so-called \"Polish Cathedral style\" of churches in both its opulence and grand scale. Along with Immaculate Conception, it is one of the two monumental Polish churches dominating over the South Chicago neighborhood. Founded in 1892 as a Polish parish in Chicago to relieve overcrowding at Immaculate", "id": "20616064" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nof St. Stephen's for 38 years. In 1873, Fr. Reichlin realized that a new church building was needed to accommodate the growing parish. The Cleveland-based architect firm called Cudell & Richardson was hired to build the structure that still stands today as St. Stephen's Roman Catholic Church. Due to economic depression in the mid-1870s, work on the new building was stopped. Parishioners mortgaged their own properties to raise funds for the new church. It was dedicated on November 20, 1881 by the second bishop of Cleveland,", "id": "19215919" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church, Madison\n\n\n1992, the parishes of St. Mary's and St. Michael's became one community of faith, with one priest, Father John Meyer, and two church buildings. Saturday night mass was held at St. Michael's for St. Michael's ‘parishioners,’ and on Sunday morning, mass was held at St. Mary's. In 1993, the area's two other Catholic Churches (St. Patrick's and St. Anthony's) were merged with St. Mary's-St. Michael's as well. St. Michael's had extensive roof damage", "id": "2385663" }, { "contents": "St. Michael's Church, Hildesheim\n\n\nin 1010 and dedicated the still unfinished building to Michael on the archangel's feast day, 29 September 1022, just a few weeks before his death. Construction, however, continued under his successor, Bishop Godehard (died 1038), who completed the work in 1031 and reconsecrated the church to Michael on September 29 of that year. The church has double choirs east and west, double tripartite transepts at either end of the nave, and six towers----two large ones over the crossings east and west, and four other tall and", "id": "721679" }, { "contents": "St. Augustine's Catholic Church (Napoleon, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Augustine's Catholic Church is a historic church in Napoleon, Ohio, United States. Located on the edge of the city's downtown, two blocks away from the Henry County Courthouse, the church is a prominent landmark in Napoleon. St. Augustine Parish was founded at some point between 1856 and 1858; its first priest was Michael Pietz. The parish was dedicated to St. Augustine in honor of Augustine Pilliod, who supervised the construction of its first building. This structure was replaced with the current church, which was built at", "id": "13450149" }, { "contents": "Saint Patrick's Church (Dubuque, Iowa)\n\n\nMcCabe was assigned as the first resident pastor. The cornerstone of the present brick church was laid in 1877, and the building dedicated on August 15, 1878. In 1928, the Rev. J.J. Hanley remodeled and enlarged the church. St. Patrick Church was originally built for service to the Irish settlers of Dubuque and while the parish has maintained a healthy respect for its Irish heritage over its many years of service, the parish now specializes in service to the Hispanic residents of Dubuque. The parish offers a Spanish Mass on Sundays,", "id": "20590874" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nsecond parish for German-speaking Catholics. In April 1869 the first bishop of Cleveland, Bishop Louis Amadeus Rappe, appointed Fr. Stephen Falk to have a two-story building built. The building would be used as a church on the upper level and a school on the lower level to accommodate the 200 families from St. Mary's that lived west of 44th Street. The newly ordained Fr. Casimir Reichlin became the first pastor and said the first Mass of the parish on May 1, 1870. He served as pastor", "id": "19215918" }, { "contents": "Immaculate Conception Catholic Church (Fulda, Ohio)\n\n\n. Construction began on a small church building under the ministry of the priest from Miltonsburg, and Archbishop Purcell of Cincinnati dedicated it in 1853. Ten years later, the parishioners constructed a parish school, and a rectory followed in 1866; its large size and pretentious architecture resulted in a high construction cost of $2,500. By this time, the original church building had become entirely inadequate for the needs of the congregation, and replacement plans were laid; the cornerstone was laid in May 1874, and Bishop Rosecrans of Columbus dedicated", "id": "19205436" }, { "contents": "St. Vitus's Church, Cleveland\n\n\nSt. Vitus is a parish of the Roman Catholic Church in Cleveland, Ohio, United States, in the Diocese of Cleveland. The parish church, located at 6019 Lausche Avenue in the St. Clair-Superior neighborhood, was completed in 1932. The first documented Slovenian to settle in the Cleveland area was Joseph Turk, who came about 1883, most likely from Carniola, and settled on Marble Avenue, near the steel mills. He helped organize the Catholic Slovenes in Cleveland, and requested that Bishop Richard Gilmour of Cleveland appoint a", "id": "916020" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Catholic Church (St. Patrick, Ohio)\n\n\nrectory in 1919 to house its pastor; before its construction, St. Patrick's was served by priests from St. Michael's Church in Fort Loramie to the southwest. In 1977, the church and rectory were recorded by the Ohio Historic Inventory for the purpose of historic preservation; both buildings were ranked in good condition without any significant risks. Two years later, they were listed together on the National Register of Historic Places, along with over thirty other buildings in the Land of the Cross-Tipped Churches. When these churches were", "id": "15760892" }, { "contents": "Cathedral of St Michael and St John\n\n\n. In that year work commenced on a permanent church building located on the corner of George and Keppel Streets. St Michael's Church was a Victorian Gothic style building constructed in brick. It was in use by 1841 but appears not to have been completed until 1846 when leadlight windows were installed. Bishop John Bede Polding (1794-1877), first Catholic Archbishop of Sydney, was interested in fostering the English Gothic style of architecture in his diocese. He arranged for plans for significant churches to be prepared by English architects including", "id": "17452035" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Cathedral, Thunder Bay\n\n\n. From there, St. Patrick's Church was one of many churches that was missioned to the First Nations in Northern Ontario, as well as St. Andrew's Church, which was handed over to the diocese in 1997. St. Patrick's was built in 1892, the same year as Thunder Bay was incorporated as a town. The foundation stone was laid on 10 October 1891, and the first Mass was celebrated on 21 August 1892. The Jesuit parish priests made plans for the construction of an elementary school later that decade.", "id": "14488629" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Catholic Church (Toledo, Ohio)\n\n\nfor use in a new building. Fr. Edward Hannin, pastor of St. Patrick's, set out to create \"the finest church in this part of the land,\" for his congregation and began to raise money for construction. When it was completed, St. Patrick's was considered one of the finest examples of Gothic Revival architecture in the United States. The exterior is constructed of Amherst blue sandstone and the interior contains ten red granite columns. The church was dedicated on April 13, 1901. The church underwent extensive", "id": "9145471" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Dayton, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Mary's Catholic Church is a historic Catholic church building in an eastern neighborhood of Dayton, Ohio, United States. Constructed at the beginning of the twentieth century, it remains home to an active parish. Its grand architecture has made it an aviator's landmark, and it has been named a historic site by the federal government. Emanuel Church, the first Catholic parish in Dayton, was formed in 1837. Many English-speaking families left to form a separate parish in 1846, but Emanuel continued growing to the point", "id": "19205373" }, { "contents": "Church of St. James the Less\n\n\nmission. Weekly celebration of Mass resumed on Sundays at 5:00 pm. The breakaway congregation now meets at the Holy Cross Catholic church and is known as the Church of Saint Michael the Archangel. During the controversy, the parish school closed circa 2006. As part of its mandate, Saint Mark's Church began a fundraising effort to open a new parish school to serve this local community. In 2009 and 2010, the St. Mark's congregation (together with St. Francis Episcopal Church in Potomac, Maryland) sponsored Vacation Bible School at", "id": "12322466" }, { "contents": "St. John's Evangelical Lutheran Church (Springfield, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. John's Evangelical Lutheran Church is a historic Lutheran church in downtown Springfield, Ohio, United States. Founded as a German-speaking parish in Springfield's early days, it grew rapidly during its first few decades, and its present large church building was constructed in the 1890s under the direction of one of Springfield's leading architects. The congregation remains in the landmark church building, which has been named a historic site. Springfield's first Lutheran congregation was organized in May 1841, and a separate group of German Lutherans began", "id": "18832000" }, { "contents": "St Michael and St John Church, Clitheroe\n\n\nGrade II listed building. In September 2008, the Jesuits handed the church over to the Diocese of Salford who continue to serve the parish. Two years later, the parish merged with St Mary Queen of Peace Church in Sabden to form the parish of Our Lady of the Valley. St Mary's was built in 1877 and it was made into a parish in 1909, so that the parishioners did not have to travel the sizeable distance to attend Mass in Clitheroe. The parish has two Sunday Masses at St Michael and St", "id": "5090732" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n. St. Paul's church building is one of just six Gothic Revival churches built in Cleveland during the 1870s that survived into the 1980s. At one time considered Cleveland's grandest and largest church, it is distinguished by the unusual architecture of the peak of the bell tower, and the open interior features extensive detailing, along with seating for one thousand worshippers. Covered with sandstone from Berea, the building was a work of Gordon W. Lloyd, a Detroit architect who also produced grand churches in Ohio cities of various sizes, ranging", "id": "19215903" }, { "contents": "St. Aloysius' Catholic Church (Carthagena, Ohio)\n\n\nerected in 1865. In their earliest years, the people worshipped in the chapel of the adjacent St. Charles Seminary. Throughout its history, the church has been significantly influenced by the seminary, which trained the priests of the Missionaries of the Precious Blood and provided pastors for the church. As its membership grew, the parish decided to construct a church building. Plans were laid and construction began in 1875; the cornerstone was laid in May 1877, and the church was consecrated on June 30, 1878; the parishioners had performed", "id": "20255448" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Church (Monroe, Michigan)\n\n\nto come. St. Michael Church is located along the River Raisin on West Front Street in the city of Monroe, MI. The 183 foot steeple isn't hard to miss. When you come into Monroe you can easily see St. Michael's A tradition at St. Michael Church is the parish prayer. It is said before the beginning of every mass. It reads: \"Lord, God, we glorify Your holy name and thank you for calling us, the people of Saint Michael the Archangel Parish, to be one in", "id": "12346363" }, { "contents": "St Michael and All Angels Church, Barton Turf\n\n\nSt Michael and All Angels is the Church of England parish church of Barton Turf in the county of Norfolk in England. See Inside here. It stands about a kilometre south-west of the village in the midst of a plantation of trees. Particularly notable for its surviving paintings, the church is listed with Grade I. The building was at first constructed in rather an undistinguished Perpendicular style, possessing a tower at the west end of the church. The church is best known for the twelve panels of its late-Gothic rood", "id": "15249529" }, { "contents": "St Michael and All Angels' Church, Haworth\n\n\nSt Michael and All Angels' Church is the Church of England parish church of Haworth, West Yorkshire. The current structure, the third church building on the site, was built between 1879 and 1881 although parts of the original medieval church building, notably the tower, survive from earlier periods. The church is best known for its historic association with the Brontë sisters whose father Revd. Patrick Brontë served as minister of the parish between 1820 and 1861. A chapel has existed on the site since 1488, though records held at", "id": "17201346" }, { "contents": "St. Peter Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Peter Church (), is a Catholic parish church in Cleveland, Ohio and part of the Diocese of Cleveland. Founded in , it is located at the intersection of Superior Ave. near East 17th St., in the Downtown neighborhood. The church is a longstanding city landmark; George Francis Houck, then the Chancellor, wrote in 1903 that, \"One of the landmarks of the city and Diocese of Cleveland is St. Peter's Church.\" It is listed as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. It is also a named", "id": "13925952" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Church (Monroe, Michigan)\n\n\n. It was used as a church on the first floor and on the second it was used for the school. Later it would only be used as St. Michael School. Then in 1866 the cornerstone for the present church was laid. The large 187 foot steeple wasn't added until 1883. In 1874 the 3-story rectory was built east of the church. In 1918 the parish built the present building of St. Michael School which is now a part of Monroe Catholic Elementary Schools. The movement to establish the parish started in 1845", "id": "12346356" }, { "contents": "St. Casimir Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nRichard Gilmour for permission to form a new parish and build a church for their own use. In December 1891, Monsignor Felix Boff, V.G., administrator of the diocese, granted the required permission. Those parishioners left to form St. Casimir Church in 1891. The parish was founded in 1891 — about 44 years after the Diocese of Cleveland was erected by Pope Pius IX. In December, 1891, Boff appointed Father Benedict Rosinski, pastor of St. Adalbert's, Berea, Ohio, to take charge of the mission. On", "id": "12488231" }, { "contents": "St James' Church, Forest Gate\n\n\nSt James' Church, Forest Gate was a church in Forest Gate, east London. Its origins lay in an iron building constructed around 1870 to serve a conventional district. A parish was formed for it in 1881 from those of Emmanuel Church, All Saints and St John's and its permanent church completed the following year, with an organ moved from St Matthew's Church, Friday Street. The church was demolished in 1964 and for two years its congregation worshiped in the Durning Hall Community Centre's chapel until the parish was", "id": "17208906" }, { "contents": "North Presbyterian Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nNorth Presbyterian Church is a historic Presbyterian church on the east side of Cleveland, Ohio, United States. Constructed in the 1880s, the church building has been named a historic site. Throughout its history, the congregation has been focused on Sunday school work. North Presbyterian Church developed out of a mission Sunday school established in east-side Cleveland in 1859. The local presbytery organized a congregation out of the Sunday school in 1867, and within a short while, the new congregation formed the first of two mission Sunday schools in", "id": "19215693" }, { "contents": "St. Vitus's Church, Cleveland\n\n\nVitus to work on the interior. It was finished for the centennial celebration of the parish later that year. St. Vitus remains a strong parish, but Fr. Božnar works with Bishop Lennon's programs to cluster parishes in order to increase strength for inner-city parishes. The church building of St. Vitus itself is constructed in the Lombard-Roman style with pale yellow Falston brick. It is 141 feet long and 100 feet wide with an attached parish house on its west side. Its two Romanesque bell towers reach 110 feet", "id": "916027" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Michael (St. Michael, Minnesota)\n\n\nof the church came from Saint John's Abbey in Collegeville. In 1866 a new church was built in the center of the town and served for about 25 years. In 1890 the parish built a Gothic Revival building, which was the largest church in Wright County at the time. The building features ornate statues and German woodcarvings. Although the parish had a mostly German ethnicity for many years, since 1985 the number of families in the parish doubled, and it no longer appears to be an ethnic parish. In 2004 the", "id": "1327870" }, { "contents": "St. Thomas Church (Underhill, Vermont)\n\n\nSt. Thomas Church is a Roman Catholic church in the Town of Underhill, Vermont in the United States, located in the unincorporated village of \"Underhill Center\". The church was built from 1891-92 after its predecessor had burned down on 19 December 1890. The cornerstone for the current St. Thomas Church building was laid on 12 August 1891 at an event that had an estimated 1,000 attendees. Although the construction period spanned from 1 May 1891 until December 1892, the first Mass was nevertheless held in the basement of the church", "id": "6739395" }, { "contents": "St. William Parish (Lawncrest)\n\n\n1950s and 60's, saw many changes come to the physical plant of the Parish that reflected the housing boom of the area, the economic upswing of the times and the growing parish population. Many of the original \"Motley Buildings\" were completely replaced. The Middle School (Junior High/Upper School) building was built and later an additional floor was added. When consideration was had for the completion of the Upper Church, it was found that the basement church was not structurally sufficient to support additional construction. In 1955", "id": "10364503" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Michael the Archangel, Katowice\n\n\nChurch of St. Michael Archangel () is one of the oldest buildings in Katowice. It's located in Kościuszko Park, where it was moved in 1938 from the village Syrynia, where it was originally constructed in 1510. It is under the invocation of St. Michael. It has end-fitted log framework construction and shingled roof. Free-standing belltower was completed before 1679; it has historic lych-gate and wooden fence around the churchyard. The church of St. Michael Archangel was first built in 1305 in Syrynia, near", "id": "21359049" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Catholic Church (St. Patrick, Ohio)\n\n\n's was closely connected to many other churches in western Ohio: wide areas of western Ohio that were primarily settled by Catholics feature large churches at sparsely-populated crossroads. While most of these churches are constructed in the Gothic Revival style of architecture, some of the newer churches of the region — including St. Patrick's — appear in a variety of styles; St. Patrick's was one of the few that lacked the high steeples of the Gothic Revival structures. The leading role of these churches in western Shelby County and the lands", "id": "15760890" }, { "contents": "St Michael's Roman Catholic Church, Linlithgow\n\n\nchildren the congregation capitalised on the spirit of cooperation and community and set out to build a school. Located on a site next to the church St. Joseph's school was opened on 1 July 1889 and served the children of the parish until 1964 when new premises were occupied at Preston Road. Although during this time Fr Easson had replaced Fr Murphy as parish priest there was no change of emphasis and all the parish energies were engaged in the effort to complete the church building programme. Plans to double the size of the church were", "id": "17679127" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Delaware, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Mary's Catholic Church is a historic Catholic parish church in the city of Delaware, Ohio, United States. Constructed in the 1880s, this grand building is home to a congregation established in the middle of the nineteenth century. Its grand style has long made it a community landmark, and it was named a historic landmark in 1980. Delaware's first Masses were celebrated by travelling priests in the homes of the city's few Catholics, most of whom were Irish or German immigrants. The members built the first St. Mary", "id": "2642749" }, { "contents": "Church of the Resurrection (Rye, New York)\n\n\nin 1881 at the intersection of Purchase Street and the Boston Post Road, where services were then offered. The parish was incorporated on January 29, 1886, and title to the property was transferred from the archdiocese to the parish itself. A new church building was completed in 1889 on Purchase Street, while the former building was used as the rectory. Thereafter, construction of a parochial school on the Boston Post Road began in 1906 and was completed two years later. With the number of parishioners growing, the church purchased land", "id": "19300829" }, { "contents": "Near North Side, Chicago\n\n\n, most of this area was an enclave to the first emigrants from Puerto Rico to Chicago, who referred to it as part of \"La Clark\" until commercialization decorated late 1960s shop signs with the name of Old Town. The neighborhood is home to St. Michael's Church, originally built to serve German immigrants, and one of only 7 to survive the great Chicago fire. St. Michael's, Holy Name Cathedral, Immaculate Conception, and St. Joseph's Catholic churches all catered to Latinos with a Mass in Spanish. Many", "id": "1540930" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Massillon, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Mary's Catholic Church is a historic Catholic church building in the city of Massillon, Ohio, United States. Constructed in 1876 for a congregation composed largely of European immigrants, it has been named a historic site. The origins of St. Mary parish lie among numerous Germans and Irish who settled in Massillon in its early years and built a small house of worship on Cherry Road in the 1840s. This building stood until 1875, when it was destroyed so that the present church might occupy its location; it was built in", "id": "19205828" }, { "contents": "St. Anne Church (Berlin, New Hampshire)\n\n\nSt. Anne Church is a historic church at 58 Church Street in Berlin, New Hampshire, United States. It is the church for Good Shepherd Parish within the Roman Catholic Diocese of Manchester. St. Anne Parish was founded in 1867, and was Berlin's first Roman Catholic congregation. It was merged with Guardian Angel Parish, St. Joseph Parish, and St. Kieran Parish in 2000 to form Good Shepherd Parish. Its building, constructed in 1900, is an important local example of Romanesque architecture, and was listed on the National Register", "id": "2452362" }, { "contents": "St. Peter Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n, put up by Luhr, was torn down and replaced by a large pastoral residence adjoining the rear of the church, at a cost of $12,000. In the same year a third story was added to St. Peter's school building, and arranged for a parish hall, containing a stage and other conveniences, at a cost of $10,000. In the synod of January 3, 1889, St. Peter's congregation was the first mentioned among the nine principal churches of the diocese which Gilmour named as rectorates, with an", "id": "13925965" }, { "contents": "Trinity Cathedral (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nfirst church building built within the village limits of Cleveland. In 1846, to meet the needs of a growing parish, plans for a larger, centralized building just east of Public Square commenced. The congregation moved into the larger stone structure in the Gothic style on Superior Avenue in 1855. In 1890, Trinity Church was offered to Bishop William A. Leonard for use as a cathedral for the Diocese of Ohio. The congregation would maintain the building and it would serve dual roles as the parish church and cathedral for the diocese.", "id": "19215933" }, { "contents": "St. Andrew's Cathedral (Jackson, Mississippi)\n\n\nat the time that was not located along the Mississippi River. Its church was burned by the Union Army during the American Civil War in 1863. The cornerstone for the second church was laid by the Rt. Rev. William Mercer Green in 1869. By the turn of the Twentieth Century the congregation had outgrown its church building and the present structure was completed in 1903. The Parish House was constructed between 1923 and 1924. The congregation continued to grow and the building along West Street was built in 1955. The bishop moved his", "id": "20556538" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Evansville, Indiana)\n\n\nservice in the first church building was held on April 15, 1883. While construction ensued, a congregant and frequent benefactor, Charles Viele, offered the use of Viele Hall (located on 2nd street between Main and Sycamore streets) to St. Paul's parish. The cornerstone for new St. Paul's was laid on September 3, 1883, and construction completed on March 2, 1886 with Bishop D.B. Knickerbacker consecrating the new building. Charles and Mary Viele continued to sponsor further construction on the church grounds - first with a rectory", "id": "20407572" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Church (Monroe, Michigan)\n\n\nSaint Michael the Archangel Church (St. Michael Church) is located on the west side of the city of Monroe, Michigan along the River Raisin. It is home to 1,200 families and it is one of most important religious institutes in Monroe County. It was founded in the year 1852. The present building was built from 1866-1867. It is in the Archdiocese of Detroit. Its current priest is Rev. Phillip Ching. When the parish was first established, the mayor of Monroe palatial residence was remodeled as a temporary church", "id": "12346355" }, { "contents": "St. Mary Congregational Church\n\n\nSt. Mary Congregational Church in Abbeville, Louisiana is the oldest incorporated, predominantly African-American church in Vermilion Parish. Its historic Gothic Revival style church at 213 S. Louisiana Avenue, constructed in 1905 to replace a previous building, was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1999. American Missionary Association records show the congregation dates to at least 1877. The structure is a three-bay, gable-fronted church with a prominent corner tower. The tower is three-stage and square. The church is currently non", "id": "17676536" }, { "contents": "St. Charles of the Valley Catholic Church and Rectory\n\n\nSt. Charles Borromeo Church is a Catholic parish in Hailey, Idaho, in the Diocese of Boise. Its historic parish church and rectory complex, located at Pine and S. 1st Streets, is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Fr. E.M. Nattini began ministering in the Wood River Valley in the 1880s. The population was growing rapidly, and he was soon able to raise funds for the construction of the first church of St. Charles, which began June 17, 1883. It was the first Catholic church ineast of", "id": "20581174" }, { "contents": "Sacred Heart Catholic Church (Dayton, Ohio)\n\n\nprompted some of the members to leave in July 1883 and establish Sacred Heart Church; under the leadership of St. Joseph's associate pastor Hugh McDevitt, the congregation rented a meeting hall while waiting for the construction of their building. Land for the present church was purchased for $19,000, and William Henry Elder laid the cornerstone in June 1888. Exterior work was completed in the following year, and by 1893 construction was close enough to completion that the congregation could begin worshipping in their building. The building was consecrated by Bishop Maes", "id": "22206155" }, { "contents": "St. Vincent de Paul Church (Pontiac, Michigan)\n\n\n. The church continued to grow, and in the 1880s, the Reverend Fridolin Baumgartner began raising funds for the construction of the present church. The congregation hired the Detroit architecture firm of Donaldson & Meier to design the church, and the cornerstone was laid on September 6, 1885. The church was dedicated two years later, on September 18, 1887. A 6600-pound bell was installed in the church in 1890. A rectory was constructed in 1895, a school building was added in 1897, and a parish hall in 1911", "id": "19268922" }, { "contents": "St. Boniface Roman Catholic Church\n\n\npopulation on the west side. In 1873, a two-story, red brick Italianate rectory building was built for the parish at a cost of $6,000. A stone church building was planned by the prominent local architect William M. Scott, and construction was completed in 1883 at a cost of $30,000. The parish was closed in 1989, and the building was demolished a few years later. St. Boniface Church was an eclectic example of Romanesque Revival and Ruskinian Gothic architecture. It was built in a cruciform shape from red", "id": "9736494" } ]

[ { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nchurch congregation reached its peak size in the 1950, when only 25% of the parishioners were of German descent. The first Spanish Mass was said in 1971 for the growing number of Hispanic parishioners. The congregation now is mostly Latin American. The church now offers Masses in both English and Spanish. An annual Good Friday Procession begins or ends at St. Michael's. St Michael's and La Sagrada Familia church alternate every year to begin or end at one of the two churches. There is a stop at St Patrick's", "id": "19125747" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nwhile the new building was under construction. The current church, which had its cornerstone laid in 1889, was completed five years ahead of schedule in 1892. The church building is considered a good example of High Victorian Gothic architecture with its two towers of unequal height, the taller of which rises , and three archways. An architecturally notable school adjacent to the church began construction in 1906 and was completed in 1907. For many years the church was one of the most costly and artistically notable churches in the Cleveland Diocese. The", "id": "19125746" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Michael the Archangel is a Roman Catholic church located at 3114 Scranton Road in the Clark-Fulton neighborhood on the west side of Cleveland, Ohio. The church is named in honor of St. Michael the Archangel and was completed in 1892. The congregation was founded in 1881 as a mission of Ohio City, Cleveland's St. Mary's on-the-Flats to serve a growing German immigrant population on Cleveland's west side. The original church and school building were constructed in 1883 but burned on June 29, 1891,", "id": "19125745" }, { "contents": "St. John's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n's. Trinity Cathedral is now the seat of the Episcopal Diocese of Ohio. St. John's was also the mother church to several of the west side parishes. In 1837, the Ohio City Directory described the church as follows, \"The Episcopal Church, which is not yet finished, is built of hammered stone, and has a lofty steeple. Its style of architecture is Gothic, resembling that of the ancient and venerable Cathedral. This building, when finished, will be one of the best of the kind in the", "id": "18742416" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cincinnati, Ohio)\n\n\n1847. The cornerstone was laid August 1, 1847 and the church dedicated June 4, 1848. Rev. Fr. Zoppoth was selected as the first pastor for the congregation. In 1868 St. Michael Church became the mother parish to St. Lawrence Church which was organized that same year. The Comboni Missionaries took charge of the parish in 1964. By this time many of the German-speaking families in the parish had begun to move to other parts of the city. In a mass celebrated by Daniel Edward Pilarczyk the church building was", "id": "11338583" }, { "contents": "St. Columba Cathedral (Youngstown, Ohio)\n\n\nThe first Mass celebrated in Youngstown occurred in 1826. St. Columba Parish was founded in 1847, the year that Pope Pius IX established the Diocese of Cleveland, of which Youngstown was a part. The first church was completed in 1850. As the parish grew, it required a larger church, which it completed in 1868. The first parish school building was opened three years later. The parish continued to grow and constructed yet another church which opened in 1897. Bishop Ignatius Horstmann consecrated the sanctuary in 1903. The parish added", "id": "13619245" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Stephen Church is a Roman Catholic church located in the Detroit-Shoreway neighborhood on the west side of Cleveland, Ohio. The gothic style building was designed by architects Cudell & Richardson. The current church was built in 1875 and was added into the National Register of Historic Places in 1977. St. Stephen Roman Catholic Church was founded in 1869 due to a need for a second German parish on the west side of Cleveland. The first German parish, St. Mary's, increased so much that Cleveland was in need of a", "id": "19215917" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cincinnati, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Michael the Archangel Church is a Roman Catholic church located at 2110 St. Michael Street, in Cincinnati, Ohio. The cornerstone of this church was laid in 1847 and the church dedicated a year later. The church closed April 5, 1998. As the tide of German immigrants continued to rise in Cincinnati, more churches were needed. Holy Trinity Church was the first German speaking parish. As the city grew in three directions; north, east and west; there were three parishes which descended from that parish Old St. Mary", "id": "11338581" }, { "contents": "St. John's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. John's Episcopal Church is located at 2600 Church Avenue in the Ohio City neighborhood of Cleveland, Ohio. St. John's is the oldest consecrated building in Cuyahoga county. This stone gothic revival church building was designed by Hezekiah Eldredge and built beginning in 1836 and was completed 1838. Eldridge was probably familiar with John Henry Hopkins' \"An Essay on Gothic Architecture\", the first book on Gothic ecclesiastical architecture to be published in the United States. St. John's is a good representative of a small group of American churches", "id": "18742414" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland Heights, Ohio)\n\n\nFairmount Blvd, it is a contributing property in the Fairmount Boulevard District, which is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. St. Paul's was first established in the city of Cleveland, Ohio on October 26, 1846. The congregation did not have its own building until 1851, as a frame building completed in 1849 burned completely. A small brick church in the Gothic Revival style was completed for the parish at Euclid and Sheriff (East 4th) Streets by 1858. St. Paul's congregation outgrew the church, however", "id": "18644038" }, { "contents": "Irvington, Baltimore\n\n\nPassion\", marking the beginning of St. Joseph's Monastery Parish. Construction of a new, larger church began in 1881 and was completed in 1883. Its cornerstone was placed by Cardinal James Gibbons. The original monastery, beside the church, burned down in 1883. A new monastery was completed in 1886. The monastery chapel is extant and contains an 1887 Niemann pipe organ. The congregation of St. Joseph's Monastery Parish outgrew their church building in the following century. In 1931, Archbishop Michael Joseph Curley placed the cornerstone for", "id": "5906170" }, { "contents": "St. Theodosius Russian Orthodox Cathedral\n\n\nSt. Theodosius Cathedral is an Orthodox church located on Starkweather Avenue in the Tremont neighborhood, on the near west side of Cleveland, Ohio. It is considered one of the best examples of Russian church architecture in the U.S. and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The parish is the first Orthodox parish in Cleveland and is currently under the jurisdiction of the Diocese of the Midwest of the Orthodox Church in America. St. Theodosius is perhaps best known for its appearance in the 1978 film, \"The Deer Hunter\" with", "id": "13141384" }, { "contents": "St. Casimir Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nBoth the church building and the school building are GNIS named features. The church building is listed as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. To provide properly for the large and steadily increasing number of Poles in the north-eastern part of Cleveland it was necessary to organize them into the third Polish congregation within the limits of the city. They lived too far away from St. Stanislaus Church, with which they had been affiliated, for them to conveniently either attend Mass or for their children to attend the parish school. They therefore petitioned Bishop", "id": "12488230" }, { "contents": "St. Henry's Catholic Church (Harriettsville, Ohio)\n\n\nChurch in Fulda in order to hear Mass. Virtually all of the members in the early decades were Germans or of German descent. A parish school was formed in the late 1870s, and in its first twenty years, the parish grew fourfold in membership. This growth caused the original church building to be too small: land for a new building was purchased in 1879, and construction finished in 1894. St. Henry's Church is a stone building in the Gothic Revival style; the most prominent component is a multi-story tower", "id": "19205430" }, { "contents": "St. Michael's Church, Old Town, Chicago\n\n\nSt. Michael's Church in the Old Town neighborhood of Chicago is a Roman Catholic church staffed by the Redemptorist order of priests. The parish was founded to minister to German Catholic immigrants in 1852 with its first wooden church completed that year at a cost of $750 (including the bell). The building stands at the intersection of Eugenie Street and Cleveland Avenue. The church was built as a haven for German immigrants who were outcasts in Old Chicago. In addition, the town's main church, St. Joseph's Church,", "id": "10838314" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cincinnati, Ohio)\n\n\n's Church, St. Philomena's Church and St. Joseph's Church. The three parishes were founded in 1840, 1846 and 1846 respectively. As more immigration followed, St. Michael's was founded, the first filial parish of St. Joseph. The parish was located to what was then called Storrs Township. Forty-five persons organized themselves into a congregation in the early part of 1847 and drew up a constitution for the church A lot was donated by Innocent Troenle and two additional adjacent pieces of property were bought in April and May", "id": "11338582" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Michael and St. Anthony\n\n\ntoday to mostly Poles and Italians. The church has also been noted for its Byzantine Revival architecture, complete with a dome and minaret-styled tower, making it \"one of the more unique examples of church architecture in Montréal.\" Construction on the Church of St. Michael the Archangel began in 1914, for what would grow to become the largest anglophone parish in Montreal. After a brief delay following the commencement of World War I, the church was completed in 1915 at a cost of $232,000, with a capacity of", "id": "10850773" }, { "contents": "Zion Lutheran Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nother Cleveland-area Lutheran congregations, including Trinity Lutheran Church, are Zion's daughters. The original church building was located downtown, but the east-side German community was strong enough by 1902 that the congregation deemed Prospect Avenue a better location for serving the community. From its earliest years, the congregation had sponsored a school; Zion Lutheran School was founded in 1848, at which time all scholars were instructed in German. The school moved to Prospect Avenue ahead of the church; the present building was completed in 1903,", "id": "19215937" }, { "contents": "St. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\non their behalf with papal authorities, and Charles Boehm of Hungary settled in Cleveland in late 1892 to serve the new St. Elizabeth parish, the first Hungarian nationality parish in America. Boehm immediately began registering members and advocating for the construction of a church complex; the first church building, a brick structure, was erected by the end of 1893, a school soon followed, and a larger school was completed in 1900 because of expanded enrollment. He also began a Hungarian-language parish newspaper that soon gained subscribers in other parts", "id": "19215854" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church, Madison\n\n\ndying Catholics (he was a doctor as well). Costigan is believed to have been the Catholic architect of the church. Costigan was only recorded as being a member of the parish during the construction, but details of the church building mirror his other buildings in Madison. In December 1839 St. Michael the Archangel Catholic Church was completed. As the City of Madison grew, so did its Catholic population. German–Catholics had increased highly in numbers and had formed a separate congregation within St. Michael's. In 1850, the", "id": "2385658" }, { "contents": "Pilgrim Congregational Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nonly a short time, as construction on the present building was started just 23 years after the first building was finished. The name \"Pilgrim Congregational Church\" was adopted in 1894 upon the completion of the present building; they had been styled \"Heights Congregational Church\" into the 1870s and used the name \"Jennings Avenue Congregational Church\" in the 1880s. The building was a community landmark from its earliest years — electric wiring was included in the original construction at a time when no other Cleveland buildings west of the Cuyahoga River", "id": "19215839" }, { "contents": "St. Monica Church (Manhattan)\n\n\nin 1880 he began conducting Mass over a feed store at 404 East 78th Street. The following year, he purchased land for the construction of the church and school. Construction of the first church building was completed in 1883. In 1892, the address was listed as 409 E 79th Street. The Rev. John J. Boyle served as acting rector at St. Monica's before becoming the founding pastor of St. Luke's Church (Bronx, New York). The current Gothic Revival church building was erected in 1906 to the designs of", "id": "18565781" }, { "contents": "Annunciation Church (historic) (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nAnnunciation Church (historic) (), was a Catholic parish church in Cleveland, Ohio and part of the Diocese of Cleveland. It was located at the intersection of Hurd St. and Moore St., now part of the West Side Market parking lot, in the Ohio City neighborhood. The location where the church once stood can be found, in an 1881 atlas, at the south-west corner of Hurd St. and Moore St., on the west bank of the Cuyahoga river above part of the Flats historically known as Ox", "id": "14549709" }, { "contents": "Sacred Heart of Jesus Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n. Between 1885 and 1889 a large number of Poles settled in South Cleveland, in the area of East 71st St. and Harvard Ave. They lived too far away from St. Stanislaus church for them to conveniently either attend Mass or for their children to attend the parish school. They petitioned Bishop Richard Gilmour for permission to form a new parish and build a church for their own use. The petition to form a new parish and build a church was granted, and the parish was founded in  — about 42 years after the Diocese", "id": "12287909" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland Heights, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Paul's Episcopal Church is a parish of the Episcopal Church in Cleveland Heights, Ohio. The current rector is the Rev. Jeanne Leinbach, installed on October 23, 2015. She is the first female rector of St. Paul's. Her predecessor was the Rev. Alan M. Gates, who served from 2004-2014, before his election as Bishop of Massachusetts. St. Paul's is a leading church and has the largest congregation in the Episcopal Diocese of Ohio. The church building is a Cleveland Heights landmark. Located at 2747", "id": "18644037" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nRev. Richard Gilmour. Volunteer German and Hungarian woodworkers completed the interior of the church. Over the next 40 years, the parish added a rectory, convent for the Sisters of Notre Dame and two school buildings including one for and an all girls two-year high school which opened in 1905. After World War II, St. Stephen's parish experienced unprecedented growth due to the population growth in Cleveland and throughout the country. On June 8, 1953 a tornado severely damaged the church structure. Work to restore the building began immediately", "id": "19215920" }, { "contents": "Cathedral of St. John the Evangelist (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nstyle and the Bishop laid the cornerstone October 22, 1848. Until the new building was completed in 1852, St. Mary's served as cathedral for the diocese. At the time of its completion, the new cathedral was the well beyond Cleveland's Public Square. Alterations and additions began on the church almost as soon as the initial construction was complete. In 1857, a boys' school was added and within ten years, it was joined by a parish hall and girls' school. In 1879, the parish raised sufficient", "id": "10656550" }, { "contents": "St. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nthe present building. Although the cornerstone was laid in 1918, the construction process was lengthy, and it was finally completed only in 1922. Built primarily of limestone, according to a design of Cleveland architect Emile Uhlrich, the church is an example of Italian-influenced Baroque Revival architecture, partly modelled after the church of Sant'Agnese in Agone in Rome. Two great towers, topped with cupolas, form the ends of the facade, while a great rose window sits in the middle section of the facade high above the main entrance", "id": "19215857" }, { "contents": "St. Nicholas' Catholic Church (Osgood, Ohio)\n\n\nnearby villages; St. Augustine's Church in Minster and St. Michael's Church in Fort Loramie were established by 1850, but the foundations of a parish in Osgood were not laid until 1904, and formal establishment of the parish came in 1906. In its earliest years, the Mass was celebrated in common buildings; after worshipping for a time in a school, the parishioners purchased a barn for ecclesiastical purposes. For many years, the improvement of the parish's facilities was hindered by its size; the fewness of its members meant", "id": "421917" }, { "contents": "Union–Miles Park\n\n\na congregation for African Americans, was founded 1914, and erected its first church building and school in 1916 at what is now Union Avenue and Martin Luther King Drive. The congregation that formed Archangel Michael Orthodox Church ( St. Michael's Orthodox Church) split from St. John the Baptist Orthodox Church in 1921. It began construction of its new church home at 10000 Union Avenue in April 1924, completing the structure in 1926. Although the long-standing Cataract House closed in 1917, the first Union–Miles Park movie theater,", "id": "20793486" }, { "contents": "St. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church is a historic Roman Catholic church in the Buckeye Road neighborhood on the east side of Cleveland, Ohio, United States. The earliest ethnic parish established for Hungarians in the United States, its present building was constructed in the early twentieth century, and it has been named a historic site. Cleveland's first Hungarian Catholics initially worshipped at St. Ladislaus' Church, an east-side Slovakian parish, but ethnic strife and increasing immigration prompted the Hungarian community to seek their own parish. Bishop Horstmann interceded", "id": "19215853" }, { "contents": "Sacred Heart of Jesus Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSacred Heart of Jesus (), was a Catholic parish church in Cleveland, Ohio and part of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland. It was located at the north-west corner of intersection of East 71st St. and Kazimier St., in a part of the South Broadway neighborhood previously known in Polish as \"\" and nicknamed \"Goosetown\". Both the church building and the school building are GNIS named features. The church, school, and rectory buildings are listed together as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. The church was closed", "id": "12287908" }, { "contents": "St. Mary Mother of the Redeemer Church (Norwalk, Ohio)\n\n\nSaint Mary Mother of the Redeemer Church is a parish in the Roman Catholic Diocese of Toledo. The current church is located at 38 W. League Street, Norwalk, Ohio. Construction on the building began on May 29, 1889, and was completed in 1894. The church was previously twinned with St. Alphonsus in Peru, Ohio, but was later twinned with St. Anthony in Milan, Ohio, after a mass restructuring of the diocese. The Century House was a name given to several buildings, now all demolished, within the", "id": "21671394" }, { "contents": "Pilgrim Congregational Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nPilgrim Congregational Church is a historic congregation of the United Church of Christ in Cleveland, Ohio, United States. Constructed in the 1890s for a congregation founded in the 1850s, it was named a historic site in the 1970s. Congregationalists began operating a Sunday school in Cleveland's Tremont neighborhood in 1854, and their efforts resulted in the creation of a church five years later. The members began construction of their first church building in 1865, although it was not completed until 1870. It was suitable for the congregation's needs for", "id": "19215838" }, { "contents": "Sidney Mason Stone\n\n\n; St. Patrick's Church, New Haven (1853) constructed of East Haven sandstone;First Congregational Church, Naugatuck, CT (1855) and Wooster Place Congregational Church, Wooster Square, New Haven (1855) (now the Church of St. Michael) the original design for which featured a Corinthian portico and tall steeple. In \"New Haven: A Guide to Architecture and Urban Design\", Brown remarks on St. Michael's, “The building has burned twice, the steeple blown down once...Only the side walls and tall", "id": "165241" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Dayton, Ohio)\n\n\ncentury, the parish had outgrown it, and construction began on a new building; Archbishop Moeller laid the cornerstone in July 1905 and consecrated it in November 1906. Growth continued, and St. Anthony's Church was established in 1913 by families coming out of St. Mary's. St. Mary's remains an active part of the Archdiocese of Cincinnati to the present day. Masses are celebrated both in English and in Spanish. The current St. Mary's Church is a Romanesque Revival structure built in a mix of brick and stone. Constructed", "id": "19205375" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Indianapolis, Indiana)\n\n\nuntil the Diocese of Indianapolis established Holy Rosary Catholic Church, an Italian national parish in Indianapolis in 1911. After the turn of the century, when the neighborhood become commercial, the parish purchased property at New Jersey and Vermont streets, where they built the present church, which was under construction from 1910 to 1912. St. Mary's adapted to its changing ethnic neighborhood over the years. In 1967, as the city's Spanish-speaking community began to grow, the parish began offering Sunday mass in Spanish. German-language", "id": "3660949" }, { "contents": "St. John's Catholic Church (Fryburg, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. John Catholic Church is a Roman Catholic church in the unincorporated community of Fryburg in Pusheta Township, Auglaize County, Ohio, United States. The parish was established in 1848, the same year in which the community was platted, and construction was completed in 1850. A Catholic school in connection with the church was established in 1877. Both buildings feature fine architecture: the church includes Gothic Revival elements such as ornate pilasters and lancet windows, while the former school is a good example of Federal architecture. St. John's is", "id": "11283325" }, { "contents": "St. Augustine Parish (Hartford, Connecticut)\n\n\nSt. Augustine Parish is a Roman Catholic parish located in Hartford, Connecticut. In addition to a church, the parish also administers a school, St. Augustine School. St. Augustine Parish was established in August 1902 with Fr. Michael Barry appointed as its first pastor. At that time, a church building had not yet been constructed so mass was offered at the Washington Street School until a basement chapel was completed in 1903. The current Romanesque-style church was completed in 1912 and dedicated by Bishop John J. Nilan of the then", "id": "21104070" }, { "contents": "Zion Lutheran Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nFirst Methodist, Trinity Cathedral, and St. Paul's Episcopal Church on Euclid Avenue. This condition persisted into the mid-1910s, at which point the neighborhood transitioned into a largely commercial area. Beginning after 1930, the neighborhood deteriorated as many buildings were demolished, often to create room for parking lots. In such an environment Zion Lutheran Church was constructed in 1902 and opened for public use in the following year. It is home to a congregation founded by German immigrants in 1843, the oldest extant Lutheran congregation in the city; many", "id": "19215936" }, { "contents": "Church of St Paul, Letchworth\n\n\nallow construction of the new church to begin, with the foundation stone being laid on 10 October 1923 by the Marchioness of Salisbury. Work on the first section of the building was completed including three and a half bays of the nave with arcades at the sides. This first section was consecrated by Michael Furse, the Bishop of St Albans on 3 May 1924. A tower was intended but was never built. By 1924 the church was becoming too small for its growing congregation and work on an extension began in early 1931,", "id": "1720772" }, { "contents": "Basilica of the Sacred Heart of Jesus, Syracuse\n\n\noriginal church was located across the street from the current structure. The first Mass in the new parish church was said on August 30, 1892, with the formal dedication taking place nearly a year later on June 11, 1893. The congregation outgrew the first church within a decade, and a decision was made to construct a new church. The foundations were built by parishioners in order to save money, and the cornerstone was laid in 1907. Work was completed in three years, and the church was completed and dedicated on", "id": "4119395" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n, side altars and pulpit are made entirely of oak wood and decorated with beautiful German woodcarvings. The church pews are also oak. A Mexican onyx and brass Communion rail was installed over the years and the floor of the sanctuary and aisles is made of black and white marble tiles. St. Stephen's is a fully active Roman Catholic Parish in the Diocese of Cleveland. This means that they have a full parish staff and church council. They have regular Sunday Masses as well as daily Masses. German Mass is offered every first", "id": "19215923" }, { "contents": "Roncesvalles, Toronto\n\n\nWomenpriests at the church. St. Casimir's Polish Roman Catholic Church at Garden Avenue, offers Polish masses on Sundays. Its origins begin in 1944 when the Oblate Mission decided to create the third Polish parish (and first in the west end) in Toronto. The lot on which the church stands today was purchased for $15,000 in 1948 and construction on the parish hall began the same year. The first mass was held in the church hall in 1949. The church was completed and officially began offering mass on May 23,", "id": "3040916" }, { "contents": "Rajavoor\n\n\nSt. Michael's Shrine which is located at the center part of Rajavoor. The annual feast starts on the first Friday of May with a flag hoisting followed by a ten-day Mass and adoration. The eighth, ninth and tenth days are marked with a car procession to St. Michael Archangel, carnival ended with High Mass in front of the Holy Cars. The Roman Catholics and parish are administered by the Kottar Diocese. Another notable church, Our Lady of Presentation (Kaanikkai Maathaa) Church is attached to the Rajavoor Parish as", "id": "4595849" }, { "contents": "Transfiguration Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nBaptist Church in the nearby suburb of Garfield Heights, Ohio, which had a large, new structure. In April 1943, Trinity Baptist Church sold its building to the Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland for $35,000 ($ in dollars). The Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland erected Transfiguration Parish on July 30, 1943. The parish was divided from nearby Immaculate Heart of Mary Church and Shrine Church of St. Stanislaus parishes. Reverend Joseph F. Zabawa was named the pastor of the new congregation, which took up residence in the Trinity", "id": "20542089" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Augustine (Larchmont, New York)\n\n\nThe Church of St. Augustine is a Roman Catholic church located in Larchmont, New York. The parish having been founded in 1892, the present Gothic Revival church building was constructed in 1928. With a growing number of Catholics living in Larchmont, New York—many of them domestic servants who attended Blessed Sacrament Church in New Rochelle or Most Holy Trinity Church in Mamaroneck—the Archbishop of New York, Michael Corrigan, created the parish of St. Augustine was created in 1892. The decision to establish a parish was motivated in part", "id": "19300736" }, { "contents": "St. Barbara Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Barbara Catholic Church () is a parish of the Roman Catholic Church in Cleveland, Ohio, within the Diocese of Cleveland. The parish church is located on Denison Ave. between West 16th St. and the southbound entrance to SR 176, in a part of the Brooklyn Centre neighborhood previously known in Polish as . The red brick parish church, designed by H.C. Gabele, is a local landmark. It is a GNIS named feature. The church, rectory and convent buildings are listed together as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. The", "id": "13695356" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\ntwo years the parishioners worshipped in a hotel before constructing a building at Fourth and Euclid downtown. A fire destroyed the structure before it was completed, but people throughout the city contributed funds to build a brick replacement in 1851. By the 1870s, the streets surrounding the church had become primarily commercial, so the vestry sold the building and rented halls while building the present church eastward on Euclid Avenue. Its placement amid the wealthy Millionaire's Row district soon caused it to become a symbol of the neighborhood. However, the membership", "id": "19215901" }, { "contents": "St Michael the Archangel Church, Chatham\n\n\nHeart Church in Luton. St Paulinus Church was built in 1788 as a Wesleyan Chapel. In 1892, it was bought by the local Catholic Church. Sacred Heart Church was built in 1949. On 26 June 1949, its foundation stone was laid by the parish priest of St Michael's Church. St Paulinus Church has one Sunday Mass at 9:00am. Sacred Heart Church also has one Sunday Mass, it is at 10:30am. St Michael's Church has four Sunday Masses: 6:30pm on Saturday and 9:30am, 11:00am and 6:00pm on", "id": "19228802" }, { "contents": "St Michael and All Angels Church, Kingaroy\n\n\n's construction. Architect Colin Deighton, who was assistant to John Hingeston Buckeridge, the Anglican Diocese of Brisbane Architect between 1887 and 1901, designed the church. Deighton designed a number of country churches and St Colomb's Anglican Church at Clayfield in Brisbane. The foundation stone of St Michael and All Angels Church was laid on 10 November 1910 by the Venerable Arthur Rivers, Archdeacon of Toowoomba. Construction of the building, which was to seat 250 worshippers, began in December 1910 and was completed in 1911. Its cost, including", "id": "3972006" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Catholic Church (Chicago)\n\n\nSt. Michael () is a church of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Chicago. The current church is located at E. 83rd Street and S. South Shore Drive in South Chicago, a neighborhood of Chicago, Illinois. It is a prime example of the so-called \"Polish Cathedral style\" of churches in both its opulence and grand scale. Along with Immaculate Conception, it is one of the two monumental Polish churches dominating over the South Chicago neighborhood. Founded in 1892 as a Polish parish in Chicago to relieve overcrowding at Immaculate", "id": "20616064" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nof St. Stephen's for 38 years. In 1873, Fr. Reichlin realized that a new church building was needed to accommodate the growing parish. The Cleveland-based architect firm called Cudell & Richardson was hired to build the structure that still stands today as St. Stephen's Roman Catholic Church. Due to economic depression in the mid-1870s, work on the new building was stopped. Parishioners mortgaged their own properties to raise funds for the new church. It was dedicated on November 20, 1881 by the second bishop of Cleveland,", "id": "19215919" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church, Madison\n\n\n1992, the parishes of St. Mary's and St. Michael's became one community of faith, with one priest, Father John Meyer, and two church buildings. Saturday night mass was held at St. Michael's for St. Michael's ‘parishioners,’ and on Sunday morning, mass was held at St. Mary's. In 1993, the area's two other Catholic Churches (St. Patrick's and St. Anthony's) were merged with St. Mary's-St. Michael's as well. St. Michael's had extensive roof damage", "id": "2385663" }, { "contents": "St. Michael's Church, Hildesheim\n\n\nin 1010 and dedicated the still unfinished building to Michael on the archangel's feast day, 29 September 1022, just a few weeks before his death. Construction, however, continued under his successor, Bishop Godehard (died 1038), who completed the work in 1031 and reconsecrated the church to Michael on September 29 of that year. The church has double choirs east and west, double tripartite transepts at either end of the nave, and six towers----two large ones over the crossings east and west, and four other tall and", "id": "721679" }, { "contents": "St. Augustine's Catholic Church (Napoleon, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Augustine's Catholic Church is a historic church in Napoleon, Ohio, United States. Located on the edge of the city's downtown, two blocks away from the Henry County Courthouse, the church is a prominent landmark in Napoleon. St. Augustine Parish was founded at some point between 1856 and 1858; its first priest was Michael Pietz. The parish was dedicated to St. Augustine in honor of Augustine Pilliod, who supervised the construction of its first building. This structure was replaced with the current church, which was built at", "id": "13450149" }, { "contents": "Saint Patrick's Church (Dubuque, Iowa)\n\n\nMcCabe was assigned as the first resident pastor. The cornerstone of the present brick church was laid in 1877, and the building dedicated on August 15, 1878. In 1928, the Rev. J.J. Hanley remodeled and enlarged the church. St. Patrick Church was originally built for service to the Irish settlers of Dubuque and while the parish has maintained a healthy respect for its Irish heritage over its many years of service, the parish now specializes in service to the Hispanic residents of Dubuque. The parish offers a Spanish Mass on Sundays,", "id": "20590874" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nsecond parish for German-speaking Catholics. In April 1869 the first bishop of Cleveland, Bishop Louis Amadeus Rappe, appointed Fr. Stephen Falk to have a two-story building built. The building would be used as a church on the upper level and a school on the lower level to accommodate the 200 families from St. Mary's that lived west of 44th Street. The newly ordained Fr. Casimir Reichlin became the first pastor and said the first Mass of the parish on May 1, 1870. He served as pastor", "id": "19215918" }, { "contents": "Immaculate Conception Catholic Church (Fulda, Ohio)\n\n\n. Construction began on a small church building under the ministry of the priest from Miltonsburg, and Archbishop Purcell of Cincinnati dedicated it in 1853. Ten years later, the parishioners constructed a parish school, and a rectory followed in 1866; its large size and pretentious architecture resulted in a high construction cost of $2,500. By this time, the original church building had become entirely inadequate for the needs of the congregation, and replacement plans were laid; the cornerstone was laid in May 1874, and Bishop Rosecrans of Columbus dedicated", "id": "19205436" }, { "contents": "St. Vitus's Church, Cleveland\n\n\nSt. Vitus is a parish of the Roman Catholic Church in Cleveland, Ohio, United States, in the Diocese of Cleveland. The parish church, located at 6019 Lausche Avenue in the St. Clair-Superior neighborhood, was completed in 1932. The first documented Slovenian to settle in the Cleveland area was Joseph Turk, who came about 1883, most likely from Carniola, and settled on Marble Avenue, near the steel mills. He helped organize the Catholic Slovenes in Cleveland, and requested that Bishop Richard Gilmour of Cleveland appoint a", "id": "916020" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Catholic Church (St. Patrick, Ohio)\n\n\nrectory in 1919 to house its pastor; before its construction, St. Patrick's was served by priests from St. Michael's Church in Fort Loramie to the southwest. In 1977, the church and rectory were recorded by the Ohio Historic Inventory for the purpose of historic preservation; both buildings were ranked in good condition without any significant risks. Two years later, they were listed together on the National Register of Historic Places, along with over thirty other buildings in the Land of the Cross-Tipped Churches. When these churches were", "id": "15760892" }, { "contents": "Cathedral of St Michael and St John\n\n\n. In that year work commenced on a permanent church building located on the corner of George and Keppel Streets. St Michael's Church was a Victorian Gothic style building constructed in brick. It was in use by 1841 but appears not to have been completed until 1846 when leadlight windows were installed. Bishop John Bede Polding (1794-1877), first Catholic Archbishop of Sydney, was interested in fostering the English Gothic style of architecture in his diocese. He arranged for plans for significant churches to be prepared by English architects including", "id": "17452035" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Cathedral, Thunder Bay\n\n\n. From there, St. Patrick's Church was one of many churches that was missioned to the First Nations in Northern Ontario, as well as St. Andrew's Church, which was handed over to the diocese in 1997. St. Patrick's was built in 1892, the same year as Thunder Bay was incorporated as a town. The foundation stone was laid on 10 October 1891, and the first Mass was celebrated on 21 August 1892. The Jesuit parish priests made plans for the construction of an elementary school later that decade.", "id": "14488629" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Catholic Church (Toledo, Ohio)\n\n\nfor use in a new building. Fr. Edward Hannin, pastor of St. Patrick's, set out to create \"the finest church in this part of the land,\" for his congregation and began to raise money for construction. When it was completed, St. Patrick's was considered one of the finest examples of Gothic Revival architecture in the United States. The exterior is constructed of Amherst blue sandstone and the interior contains ten red granite columns. The church was dedicated on April 13, 1901. The church underwent extensive", "id": "9145471" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Dayton, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Mary's Catholic Church is a historic Catholic church building in an eastern neighborhood of Dayton, Ohio, United States. Constructed at the beginning of the twentieth century, it remains home to an active parish. Its grand architecture has made it an aviator's landmark, and it has been named a historic site by the federal government. Emanuel Church, the first Catholic parish in Dayton, was formed in 1837. Many English-speaking families left to form a separate parish in 1846, but Emanuel continued growing to the point", "id": "19205373" }, { "contents": "Church of St. James the Less\n\n\nmission. Weekly celebration of Mass resumed on Sundays at 5:00 pm. The breakaway congregation now meets at the Holy Cross Catholic church and is known as the Church of Saint Michael the Archangel. During the controversy, the parish school closed circa 2006. As part of its mandate, Saint Mark's Church began a fundraising effort to open a new parish school to serve this local community. In 2009 and 2010, the St. Mark's congregation (together with St. Francis Episcopal Church in Potomac, Maryland) sponsored Vacation Bible School at", "id": "12322466" }, { "contents": "St. John's Evangelical Lutheran Church (Springfield, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. John's Evangelical Lutheran Church is a historic Lutheran church in downtown Springfield, Ohio, United States. Founded as a German-speaking parish in Springfield's early days, it grew rapidly during its first few decades, and its present large church building was constructed in the 1890s under the direction of one of Springfield's leading architects. The congregation remains in the landmark church building, which has been named a historic site. Springfield's first Lutheran congregation was organized in May 1841, and a separate group of German Lutherans began", "id": "18832000" }, { "contents": "St Michael and St John Church, Clitheroe\n\n\nGrade II listed building. In September 2008, the Jesuits handed the church over to the Diocese of Salford who continue to serve the parish. Two years later, the parish merged with St Mary Queen of Peace Church in Sabden to form the parish of Our Lady of the Valley. St Mary's was built in 1877 and it was made into a parish in 1909, so that the parishioners did not have to travel the sizeable distance to attend Mass in Clitheroe. The parish has two Sunday Masses at St Michael and St", "id": "5090732" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n. St. Paul's church building is one of just six Gothic Revival churches built in Cleveland during the 1870s that survived into the 1980s. At one time considered Cleveland's grandest and largest church, it is distinguished by the unusual architecture of the peak of the bell tower, and the open interior features extensive detailing, along with seating for one thousand worshippers. Covered with sandstone from Berea, the building was a work of Gordon W. Lloyd, a Detroit architect who also produced grand churches in Ohio cities of various sizes, ranging", "id": "19215903" }, { "contents": "St. Aloysius' Catholic Church (Carthagena, Ohio)\n\n\nerected in 1865. In their earliest years, the people worshipped in the chapel of the adjacent St. Charles Seminary. Throughout its history, the church has been significantly influenced by the seminary, which trained the priests of the Missionaries of the Precious Blood and provided pastors for the church. As its membership grew, the parish decided to construct a church building. Plans were laid and construction began in 1875; the cornerstone was laid in May 1877, and the church was consecrated on June 30, 1878; the parishioners had performed", "id": "20255448" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Church (Monroe, Michigan)\n\n\nto come. St. Michael Church is located along the River Raisin on West Front Street in the city of Monroe, MI. The 183 foot steeple isn't hard to miss. When you come into Monroe you can easily see St. Michael's A tradition at St. Michael Church is the parish prayer. It is said before the beginning of every mass. It reads: \"Lord, God, we glorify Your holy name and thank you for calling us, the people of Saint Michael the Archangel Parish, to be one in", "id": "12346363" }, { "contents": "St Michael and All Angels Church, Barton Turf\n\n\nSt Michael and All Angels is the Church of England parish church of Barton Turf in the county of Norfolk in England. See Inside here. It stands about a kilometre south-west of the village in the midst of a plantation of trees. Particularly notable for its surviving paintings, the church is listed with Grade I. The building was at first constructed in rather an undistinguished Perpendicular style, possessing a tower at the west end of the church. The church is best known for the twelve panels of its late-Gothic rood", "id": "15249529" }, { "contents": "St Michael and All Angels' Church, Haworth\n\n\nSt Michael and All Angels' Church is the Church of England parish church of Haworth, West Yorkshire. The current structure, the third church building on the site, was built between 1879 and 1881 although parts of the original medieval church building, notably the tower, survive from earlier periods. The church is best known for its historic association with the Brontë sisters whose father Revd. Patrick Brontë served as minister of the parish between 1820 and 1861. A chapel has existed on the site since 1488, though records held at", "id": "17201346" }, { "contents": "St. Peter Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Peter Church (), is a Catholic parish church in Cleveland, Ohio and part of the Diocese of Cleveland. Founded in , it is located at the intersection of Superior Ave. near East 17th St., in the Downtown neighborhood. The church is a longstanding city landmark; George Francis Houck, then the Chancellor, wrote in 1903 that, \"One of the landmarks of the city and Diocese of Cleveland is St. Peter's Church.\" It is listed as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. It is also a named", "id": "13925952" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Church (Monroe, Michigan)\n\n\n. It was used as a church on the first floor and on the second it was used for the school. Later it would only be used as St. Michael School. Then in 1866 the cornerstone for the present church was laid. The large 187 foot steeple wasn't added until 1883. In 1874 the 3-story rectory was built east of the church. In 1918 the parish built the present building of St. Michael School which is now a part of Monroe Catholic Elementary Schools. The movement to establish the parish started in 1845", "id": "12346356" }, { "contents": "St. Casimir Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nRichard Gilmour for permission to form a new parish and build a church for their own use. In December 1891, Monsignor Felix Boff, V.G., administrator of the diocese, granted the required permission. Those parishioners left to form St. Casimir Church in 1891. The parish was founded in 1891 — about 44 years after the Diocese of Cleveland was erected by Pope Pius IX. In December, 1891, Boff appointed Father Benedict Rosinski, pastor of St. Adalbert's, Berea, Ohio, to take charge of the mission. On", "id": "12488231" }, { "contents": "St James' Church, Forest Gate\n\n\nSt James' Church, Forest Gate was a church in Forest Gate, east London. Its origins lay in an iron building constructed around 1870 to serve a conventional district. A parish was formed for it in 1881 from those of Emmanuel Church, All Saints and St John's and its permanent church completed the following year, with an organ moved from St Matthew's Church, Friday Street. The church was demolished in 1964 and for two years its congregation worshiped in the Durning Hall Community Centre's chapel until the parish was", "id": "17208906" }, { "contents": "North Presbyterian Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nNorth Presbyterian Church is a historic Presbyterian church on the east side of Cleveland, Ohio, United States. Constructed in the 1880s, the church building has been named a historic site. Throughout its history, the congregation has been focused on Sunday school work. North Presbyterian Church developed out of a mission Sunday school established in east-side Cleveland in 1859. The local presbytery organized a congregation out of the Sunday school in 1867, and within a short while, the new congregation formed the first of two mission Sunday schools in", "id": "19215693" }, { "contents": "St. Vitus's Church, Cleveland\n\n\nVitus to work on the interior. It was finished for the centennial celebration of the parish later that year. St. Vitus remains a strong parish, but Fr. Božnar works with Bishop Lennon's programs to cluster parishes in order to increase strength for inner-city parishes. The church building of St. Vitus itself is constructed in the Lombard-Roman style with pale yellow Falston brick. It is 141 feet long and 100 feet wide with an attached parish house on its west side. Its two Romanesque bell towers reach 110 feet", "id": "916027" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Michael (St. Michael, Minnesota)\n\n\nof the church came from Saint John's Abbey in Collegeville. In 1866 a new church was built in the center of the town and served for about 25 years. In 1890 the parish built a Gothic Revival building, which was the largest church in Wright County at the time. The building features ornate statues and German woodcarvings. Although the parish had a mostly German ethnicity for many years, since 1985 the number of families in the parish doubled, and it no longer appears to be an ethnic parish. In 2004 the", "id": "1327870" }, { "contents": "St. Thomas Church (Underhill, Vermont)\n\n\nSt. Thomas Church is a Roman Catholic church in the Town of Underhill, Vermont in the United States, located in the unincorporated village of \"Underhill Center\". The church was built from 1891-92 after its predecessor had burned down on 19 December 1890. The cornerstone for the current St. Thomas Church building was laid on 12 August 1891 at an event that had an estimated 1,000 attendees. Although the construction period spanned from 1 May 1891 until December 1892, the first Mass was nevertheless held in the basement of the church", "id": "6739395" }, { "contents": "St. William Parish (Lawncrest)\n\n\n1950s and 60's, saw many changes come to the physical plant of the Parish that reflected the housing boom of the area, the economic upswing of the times and the growing parish population. Many of the original \"Motley Buildings\" were completely replaced. The Middle School (Junior High/Upper School) building was built and later an additional floor was added. When consideration was had for the completion of the Upper Church, it was found that the basement church was not structurally sufficient to support additional construction. In 1955", "id": "10364503" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Michael the Archangel, Katowice\n\n\nChurch of St. Michael Archangel () is one of the oldest buildings in Katowice. It's located in Kościuszko Park, where it was moved in 1938 from the village Syrynia, where it was originally constructed in 1510. It is under the invocation of St. Michael. It has end-fitted log framework construction and shingled roof. Free-standing belltower was completed before 1679; it has historic lych-gate and wooden fence around the churchyard. The church of St. Michael Archangel was first built in 1305 in Syrynia, near", "id": "21359049" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Catholic Church (St. Patrick, Ohio)\n\n\n's was closely connected to many other churches in western Ohio: wide areas of western Ohio that were primarily settled by Catholics feature large churches at sparsely-populated crossroads. While most of these churches are constructed in the Gothic Revival style of architecture, some of the newer churches of the region — including St. Patrick's — appear in a variety of styles; St. Patrick's was one of the few that lacked the high steeples of the Gothic Revival structures. The leading role of these churches in western Shelby County and the lands", "id": "15760890" }, { "contents": "St Michael's Roman Catholic Church, Linlithgow\n\n\nchildren the congregation capitalised on the spirit of cooperation and community and set out to build a school. Located on a site next to the church St. Joseph's school was opened on 1 July 1889 and served the children of the parish until 1964 when new premises were occupied at Preston Road. Although during this time Fr Easson had replaced Fr Murphy as parish priest there was no change of emphasis and all the parish energies were engaged in the effort to complete the church building programme. Plans to double the size of the church were", "id": "17679127" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Delaware, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Mary's Catholic Church is a historic Catholic parish church in the city of Delaware, Ohio, United States. Constructed in the 1880s, this grand building is home to a congregation established in the middle of the nineteenth century. Its grand style has long made it a community landmark, and it was named a historic landmark in 1980. Delaware's first Masses were celebrated by travelling priests in the homes of the city's few Catholics, most of whom were Irish or German immigrants. The members built the first St. Mary", "id": "2642749" }, { "contents": "Church of the Resurrection (Rye, New York)\n\n\nin 1881 at the intersection of Purchase Street and the Boston Post Road, where services were then offered. The parish was incorporated on January 29, 1886, and title to the property was transferred from the archdiocese to the parish itself. A new church building was completed in 1889 on Purchase Street, while the former building was used as the rectory. Thereafter, construction of a parochial school on the Boston Post Road began in 1906 and was completed two years later. With the number of parishioners growing, the church purchased land", "id": "19300829" }, { "contents": "Near North Side, Chicago\n\n\n, most of this area was an enclave to the first emigrants from Puerto Rico to Chicago, who referred to it as part of \"La Clark\" until commercialization decorated late 1960s shop signs with the name of Old Town. The neighborhood is home to St. Michael's Church, originally built to serve German immigrants, and one of only 7 to survive the great Chicago fire. St. Michael's, Holy Name Cathedral, Immaculate Conception, and St. Joseph's Catholic churches all catered to Latinos with a Mass in Spanish. Many", "id": "1540930" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Massillon, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Mary's Catholic Church is a historic Catholic church building in the city of Massillon, Ohio, United States. Constructed in 1876 for a congregation composed largely of European immigrants, it has been named a historic site. The origins of St. Mary parish lie among numerous Germans and Irish who settled in Massillon in its early years and built a small house of worship on Cherry Road in the 1840s. This building stood until 1875, when it was destroyed so that the present church might occupy its location; it was built in", "id": "19205828" }, { "contents": "St. Anne Church (Berlin, New Hampshire)\n\n\nSt. Anne Church is a historic church at 58 Church Street in Berlin, New Hampshire, United States. It is the church for Good Shepherd Parish within the Roman Catholic Diocese of Manchester. St. Anne Parish was founded in 1867, and was Berlin's first Roman Catholic congregation. It was merged with Guardian Angel Parish, St. Joseph Parish, and St. Kieran Parish in 2000 to form Good Shepherd Parish. Its building, constructed in 1900, is an important local example of Romanesque architecture, and was listed on the National Register", "id": "2452362" }, { "contents": "St. Peter Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n, put up by Luhr, was torn down and replaced by a large pastoral residence adjoining the rear of the church, at a cost of $12,000. In the same year a third story was added to St. Peter's school building, and arranged for a parish hall, containing a stage and other conveniences, at a cost of $10,000. In the synod of January 3, 1889, St. Peter's congregation was the first mentioned among the nine principal churches of the diocese which Gilmour named as rectorates, with an", "id": "13925965" }, { "contents": "Trinity Cathedral (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nfirst church building built within the village limits of Cleveland. In 1846, to meet the needs of a growing parish, plans for a larger, centralized building just east of Public Square commenced. The congregation moved into the larger stone structure in the Gothic style on Superior Avenue in 1855. In 1890, Trinity Church was offered to Bishop William A. Leonard for use as a cathedral for the Diocese of Ohio. The congregation would maintain the building and it would serve dual roles as the parish church and cathedral for the diocese.", "id": "19215933" }, { "contents": "St. Andrew's Cathedral (Jackson, Mississippi)\n\n\nat the time that was not located along the Mississippi River. Its church was burned by the Union Army during the American Civil War in 1863. The cornerstone for the second church was laid by the Rt. Rev. William Mercer Green in 1869. By the turn of the Twentieth Century the congregation had outgrown its church building and the present structure was completed in 1903. The Parish House was constructed between 1923 and 1924. The congregation continued to grow and the building along West Street was built in 1955. The bishop moved his", "id": "20556538" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Evansville, Indiana)\n\n\nservice in the first church building was held on April 15, 1883. While construction ensued, a congregant and frequent benefactor, Charles Viele, offered the use of Viele Hall (located on 2nd street between Main and Sycamore streets) to St. Paul's parish. The cornerstone for new St. Paul's was laid on September 3, 1883, and construction completed on March 2, 1886 with Bishop D.B. Knickerbacker consecrating the new building. Charles and Mary Viele continued to sponsor further construction on the church grounds - first with a rectory", "id": "20407572" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Church (Monroe, Michigan)\n\n\nSaint Michael the Archangel Church (St. Michael Church) is located on the west side of the city of Monroe, Michigan along the River Raisin. It is home to 1,200 families and it is one of most important religious institutes in Monroe County. It was founded in the year 1852. The present building was built from 1866-1867. It is in the Archdiocese of Detroit. Its current priest is Rev. Phillip Ching. When the parish was first established, the mayor of Monroe palatial residence was remodeled as a temporary church", "id": "12346355" }, { "contents": "St. Mary Congregational Church\n\n\nSt. Mary Congregational Church in Abbeville, Louisiana is the oldest incorporated, predominantly African-American church in Vermilion Parish. Its historic Gothic Revival style church at 213 S. Louisiana Avenue, constructed in 1905 to replace a previous building, was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1999. American Missionary Association records show the congregation dates to at least 1877. The structure is a three-bay, gable-fronted church with a prominent corner tower. The tower is three-stage and square. The church is currently non", "id": "17676536" }, { "contents": "St. Charles of the Valley Catholic Church and Rectory\n\n\nSt. Charles Borromeo Church is a Catholic parish in Hailey, Idaho, in the Diocese of Boise. Its historic parish church and rectory complex, located at Pine and S. 1st Streets, is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Fr. E.M. Nattini began ministering in the Wood River Valley in the 1880s. The population was growing rapidly, and he was soon able to raise funds for the construction of the first church of St. Charles, which began June 17, 1883. It was the first Catholic church ineast of", "id": "20581174" }, { "contents": "Sacred Heart Catholic Church (Dayton, Ohio)\n\n\nprompted some of the members to leave in July 1883 and establish Sacred Heart Church; under the leadership of St. Joseph's associate pastor Hugh McDevitt, the congregation rented a meeting hall while waiting for the construction of their building. Land for the present church was purchased for $19,000, and William Henry Elder laid the cornerstone in June 1888. Exterior work was completed in the following year, and by 1893 construction was close enough to completion that the congregation could begin worshipping in their building. The building was consecrated by Bishop Maes", "id": "22206155" }, { "contents": "St. Vincent de Paul Church (Pontiac, Michigan)\n\n\n. The church continued to grow, and in the 1880s, the Reverend Fridolin Baumgartner began raising funds for the construction of the present church. The congregation hired the Detroit architecture firm of Donaldson & Meier to design the church, and the cornerstone was laid on September 6, 1885. The church was dedicated two years later, on September 18, 1887. A 6600-pound bell was installed in the church in 1890. A rectory was constructed in 1895, a school building was added in 1897, and a parish hall in 1911", "id": "19268922" }, { "contents": "St. Boniface Roman Catholic Church\n\n\npopulation on the west side. In 1873, a two-story, red brick Italianate rectory building was built for the parish at a cost of $6,000. A stone church building was planned by the prominent local architect William M. Scott, and construction was completed in 1883 at a cost of $30,000. The parish was closed in 1989, and the building was demolished a few years later. St. Boniface Church was an eclectic example of Romanesque Revival and Ruskinian Gothic architecture. It was built in a cruciform shape from red", "id": "9736494" } ]

[ { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nchurch congregation reached its peak size in the 1950, when only 25% of the parishioners were of German descent. The first Spanish Mass was said in 1971 for the growing number of Hispanic parishioners. The congregation now is mostly Latin American. The church now offers Masses in both English and Spanish. An annual Good Friday Procession begins or ends at St. Michael's. St Michael's and La Sagrada Familia church alternate every year to begin or end at one of the two churches. There is a stop at St Patrick's", "id": "19125747" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nwhile the new building was under construction. The current church, which had its cornerstone laid in 1889, was completed five years ahead of schedule in 1892. The church building is considered a good example of High Victorian Gothic architecture with its two towers of unequal height, the taller of which rises , and three archways. An architecturally notable school adjacent to the church began construction in 1906 and was completed in 1907. For many years the church was one of the most costly and artistically notable churches in the Cleveland Diocese. The", "id": "19125746" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Michael the Archangel is a Roman Catholic church located at 3114 Scranton Road in the Clark-Fulton neighborhood on the west side of Cleveland, Ohio. The church is named in honor of St. Michael the Archangel and was completed in 1892. The congregation was founded in 1881 as a mission of Ohio City, Cleveland's St. Mary's on-the-Flats to serve a growing German immigrant population on Cleveland's west side. The original church and school building were constructed in 1883 but burned on June 29, 1891,", "id": "19125745" }, { "contents": "St. John's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n's. Trinity Cathedral is now the seat of the Episcopal Diocese of Ohio. St. John's was also the mother church to several of the west side parishes. In 1837, the Ohio City Directory described the church as follows, \"The Episcopal Church, which is not yet finished, is built of hammered stone, and has a lofty steeple. Its style of architecture is Gothic, resembling that of the ancient and venerable Cathedral. This building, when finished, will be one of the best of the kind in the", "id": "18742416" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cincinnati, Ohio)\n\n\n1847. The cornerstone was laid August 1, 1847 and the church dedicated June 4, 1848. Rev. Fr. Zoppoth was selected as the first pastor for the congregation. In 1868 St. Michael Church became the mother parish to St. Lawrence Church which was organized that same year. The Comboni Missionaries took charge of the parish in 1964. By this time many of the German-speaking families in the parish had begun to move to other parts of the city. In a mass celebrated by Daniel Edward Pilarczyk the church building was", "id": "11338583" }, { "contents": "St. Columba Cathedral (Youngstown, Ohio)\n\n\nThe first Mass celebrated in Youngstown occurred in 1826. St. Columba Parish was founded in 1847, the year that Pope Pius IX established the Diocese of Cleveland, of which Youngstown was a part. The first church was completed in 1850. As the parish grew, it required a larger church, which it completed in 1868. The first parish school building was opened three years later. The parish continued to grow and constructed yet another church which opened in 1897. Bishop Ignatius Horstmann consecrated the sanctuary in 1903. The parish added", "id": "13619245" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Stephen Church is a Roman Catholic church located in the Detroit-Shoreway neighborhood on the west side of Cleveland, Ohio. The gothic style building was designed by architects Cudell & Richardson. The current church was built in 1875 and was added into the National Register of Historic Places in 1977. St. Stephen Roman Catholic Church was founded in 1869 due to a need for a second German parish on the west side of Cleveland. The first German parish, St. Mary's, increased so much that Cleveland was in need of a", "id": "19215917" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cincinnati, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Michael the Archangel Church is a Roman Catholic church located at 2110 St. Michael Street, in Cincinnati, Ohio. The cornerstone of this church was laid in 1847 and the church dedicated a year later. The church closed April 5, 1998. As the tide of German immigrants continued to rise in Cincinnati, more churches were needed. Holy Trinity Church was the first German speaking parish. As the city grew in three directions; north, east and west; there were three parishes which descended from that parish Old St. Mary", "id": "11338581" }, { "contents": "St. John's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. John's Episcopal Church is located at 2600 Church Avenue in the Ohio City neighborhood of Cleveland, Ohio. St. John's is the oldest consecrated building in Cuyahoga county. This stone gothic revival church building was designed by Hezekiah Eldredge and built beginning in 1836 and was completed 1838. Eldridge was probably familiar with John Henry Hopkins' \"An Essay on Gothic Architecture\", the first book on Gothic ecclesiastical architecture to be published in the United States. St. John's is a good representative of a small group of American churches", "id": "18742414" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland Heights, Ohio)\n\n\nFairmount Blvd, it is a contributing property in the Fairmount Boulevard District, which is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. St. Paul's was first established in the city of Cleveland, Ohio on October 26, 1846. The congregation did not have its own building until 1851, as a frame building completed in 1849 burned completely. A small brick church in the Gothic Revival style was completed for the parish at Euclid and Sheriff (East 4th) Streets by 1858. St. Paul's congregation outgrew the church, however", "id": "18644038" }, { "contents": "Irvington, Baltimore\n\n\nPassion\", marking the beginning of St. Joseph's Monastery Parish. Construction of a new, larger church began in 1881 and was completed in 1883. Its cornerstone was placed by Cardinal James Gibbons. The original monastery, beside the church, burned down in 1883. A new monastery was completed in 1886. The monastery chapel is extant and contains an 1887 Niemann pipe organ. The congregation of St. Joseph's Monastery Parish outgrew their church building in the following century. In 1931, Archbishop Michael Joseph Curley placed the cornerstone for", "id": "5906170" }, { "contents": "St. Theodosius Russian Orthodox Cathedral\n\n\nSt. Theodosius Cathedral is an Orthodox church located on Starkweather Avenue in the Tremont neighborhood, on the near west side of Cleveland, Ohio. It is considered one of the best examples of Russian church architecture in the U.S. and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The parish is the first Orthodox parish in Cleveland and is currently under the jurisdiction of the Diocese of the Midwest of the Orthodox Church in America. St. Theodosius is perhaps best known for its appearance in the 1978 film, \"The Deer Hunter\" with", "id": "13141384" }, { "contents": "St. Casimir Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nBoth the church building and the school building are GNIS named features. The church building is listed as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. To provide properly for the large and steadily increasing number of Poles in the north-eastern part of Cleveland it was necessary to organize them into the third Polish congregation within the limits of the city. They lived too far away from St. Stanislaus Church, with which they had been affiliated, for them to conveniently either attend Mass or for their children to attend the parish school. They therefore petitioned Bishop", "id": "12488230" }, { "contents": "St. Henry's Catholic Church (Harriettsville, Ohio)\n\n\nChurch in Fulda in order to hear Mass. Virtually all of the members in the early decades were Germans or of German descent. A parish school was formed in the late 1870s, and in its first twenty years, the parish grew fourfold in membership. This growth caused the original church building to be too small: land for a new building was purchased in 1879, and construction finished in 1894. St. Henry's Church is a stone building in the Gothic Revival style; the most prominent component is a multi-story tower", "id": "19205430" }, { "contents": "St. Michael's Church, Old Town, Chicago\n\n\nSt. Michael's Church in the Old Town neighborhood of Chicago is a Roman Catholic church staffed by the Redemptorist order of priests. The parish was founded to minister to German Catholic immigrants in 1852 with its first wooden church completed that year at a cost of $750 (including the bell). The building stands at the intersection of Eugenie Street and Cleveland Avenue. The church was built as a haven for German immigrants who were outcasts in Old Chicago. In addition, the town's main church, St. Joseph's Church,", "id": "10838314" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cincinnati, Ohio)\n\n\n's Church, St. Philomena's Church and St. Joseph's Church. The three parishes were founded in 1840, 1846 and 1846 respectively. As more immigration followed, St. Michael's was founded, the first filial parish of St. Joseph. The parish was located to what was then called Storrs Township. Forty-five persons organized themselves into a congregation in the early part of 1847 and drew up a constitution for the church A lot was donated by Innocent Troenle and two additional adjacent pieces of property were bought in April and May", "id": "11338582" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Michael and St. Anthony\n\n\ntoday to mostly Poles and Italians. The church has also been noted for its Byzantine Revival architecture, complete with a dome and minaret-styled tower, making it \"one of the more unique examples of church architecture in Montréal.\" Construction on the Church of St. Michael the Archangel began in 1914, for what would grow to become the largest anglophone parish in Montreal. After a brief delay following the commencement of World War I, the church was completed in 1915 at a cost of $232,000, with a capacity of", "id": "10850773" }, { "contents": "Zion Lutheran Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nother Cleveland-area Lutheran congregations, including Trinity Lutheran Church, are Zion's daughters. The original church building was located downtown, but the east-side German community was strong enough by 1902 that the congregation deemed Prospect Avenue a better location for serving the community. From its earliest years, the congregation had sponsored a school; Zion Lutheran School was founded in 1848, at which time all scholars were instructed in German. The school moved to Prospect Avenue ahead of the church; the present building was completed in 1903,", "id": "19215937" }, { "contents": "St. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\non their behalf with papal authorities, and Charles Boehm of Hungary settled in Cleveland in late 1892 to serve the new St. Elizabeth parish, the first Hungarian nationality parish in America. Boehm immediately began registering members and advocating for the construction of a church complex; the first church building, a brick structure, was erected by the end of 1893, a school soon followed, and a larger school was completed in 1900 because of expanded enrollment. He also began a Hungarian-language parish newspaper that soon gained subscribers in other parts", "id": "19215854" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church, Madison\n\n\ndying Catholics (he was a doctor as well). Costigan is believed to have been the Catholic architect of the church. Costigan was only recorded as being a member of the parish during the construction, but details of the church building mirror his other buildings in Madison. In December 1839 St. Michael the Archangel Catholic Church was completed. As the City of Madison grew, so did its Catholic population. German–Catholics had increased highly in numbers and had formed a separate congregation within St. Michael's. In 1850, the", "id": "2385658" }, { "contents": "Pilgrim Congregational Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nonly a short time, as construction on the present building was started just 23 years after the first building was finished. The name \"Pilgrim Congregational Church\" was adopted in 1894 upon the completion of the present building; they had been styled \"Heights Congregational Church\" into the 1870s and used the name \"Jennings Avenue Congregational Church\" in the 1880s. The building was a community landmark from its earliest years — electric wiring was included in the original construction at a time when no other Cleveland buildings west of the Cuyahoga River", "id": "19215839" }, { "contents": "St. Monica Church (Manhattan)\n\n\nin 1880 he began conducting Mass over a feed store at 404 East 78th Street. The following year, he purchased land for the construction of the church and school. Construction of the first church building was completed in 1883. In 1892, the address was listed as 409 E 79th Street. The Rev. John J. Boyle served as acting rector at St. Monica's before becoming the founding pastor of St. Luke's Church (Bronx, New York). The current Gothic Revival church building was erected in 1906 to the designs of", "id": "18565781" }, { "contents": "Annunciation Church (historic) (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nAnnunciation Church (historic) (), was a Catholic parish church in Cleveland, Ohio and part of the Diocese of Cleveland. It was located at the intersection of Hurd St. and Moore St., now part of the West Side Market parking lot, in the Ohio City neighborhood. The location where the church once stood can be found, in an 1881 atlas, at the south-west corner of Hurd St. and Moore St., on the west bank of the Cuyahoga river above part of the Flats historically known as Ox", "id": "14549709" }, { "contents": "Sacred Heart of Jesus Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n. Between 1885 and 1889 a large number of Poles settled in South Cleveland, in the area of East 71st St. and Harvard Ave. They lived too far away from St. Stanislaus church for them to conveniently either attend Mass or for their children to attend the parish school. They petitioned Bishop Richard Gilmour for permission to form a new parish and build a church for their own use. The petition to form a new parish and build a church was granted, and the parish was founded in  — about 42 years after the Diocese", "id": "12287909" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland Heights, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Paul's Episcopal Church is a parish of the Episcopal Church in Cleveland Heights, Ohio. The current rector is the Rev. Jeanne Leinbach, installed on October 23, 2015. She is the first female rector of St. Paul's. Her predecessor was the Rev. Alan M. Gates, who served from 2004-2014, before his election as Bishop of Massachusetts. St. Paul's is a leading church and has the largest congregation in the Episcopal Diocese of Ohio. The church building is a Cleveland Heights landmark. Located at 2747", "id": "18644037" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nRev. Richard Gilmour. Volunteer German and Hungarian woodworkers completed the interior of the church. Over the next 40 years, the parish added a rectory, convent for the Sisters of Notre Dame and two school buildings including one for and an all girls two-year high school which opened in 1905. After World War II, St. Stephen's parish experienced unprecedented growth due to the population growth in Cleveland and throughout the country. On June 8, 1953 a tornado severely damaged the church structure. Work to restore the building began immediately", "id": "19215920" }, { "contents": "Cathedral of St. John the Evangelist (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nstyle and the Bishop laid the cornerstone October 22, 1848. Until the new building was completed in 1852, St. Mary's served as cathedral for the diocese. At the time of its completion, the new cathedral was the well beyond Cleveland's Public Square. Alterations and additions began on the church almost as soon as the initial construction was complete. In 1857, a boys' school was added and within ten years, it was joined by a parish hall and girls' school. In 1879, the parish raised sufficient", "id": "10656550" }, { "contents": "St. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nthe present building. Although the cornerstone was laid in 1918, the construction process was lengthy, and it was finally completed only in 1922. Built primarily of limestone, according to a design of Cleveland architect Emile Uhlrich, the church is an example of Italian-influenced Baroque Revival architecture, partly modelled after the church of Sant'Agnese in Agone in Rome. Two great towers, topped with cupolas, form the ends of the facade, while a great rose window sits in the middle section of the facade high above the main entrance", "id": "19215857" }, { "contents": "St. Nicholas' Catholic Church (Osgood, Ohio)\n\n\nnearby villages; St. Augustine's Church in Minster and St. Michael's Church in Fort Loramie were established by 1850, but the foundations of a parish in Osgood were not laid until 1904, and formal establishment of the parish came in 1906. In its earliest years, the Mass was celebrated in common buildings; after worshipping for a time in a school, the parishioners purchased a barn for ecclesiastical purposes. For many years, the improvement of the parish's facilities was hindered by its size; the fewness of its members meant", "id": "421917" }, { "contents": "Union–Miles Park\n\n\na congregation for African Americans, was founded 1914, and erected its first church building and school in 1916 at what is now Union Avenue and Martin Luther King Drive. The congregation that formed Archangel Michael Orthodox Church ( St. Michael's Orthodox Church) split from St. John the Baptist Orthodox Church in 1921. It began construction of its new church home at 10000 Union Avenue in April 1924, completing the structure in 1926. Although the long-standing Cataract House closed in 1917, the first Union–Miles Park movie theater,", "id": "20793486" }, { "contents": "St. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church is a historic Roman Catholic church in the Buckeye Road neighborhood on the east side of Cleveland, Ohio, United States. The earliest ethnic parish established for Hungarians in the United States, its present building was constructed in the early twentieth century, and it has been named a historic site. Cleveland's first Hungarian Catholics initially worshipped at St. Ladislaus' Church, an east-side Slovakian parish, but ethnic strife and increasing immigration prompted the Hungarian community to seek their own parish. Bishop Horstmann interceded", "id": "19215853" }, { "contents": "Sacred Heart of Jesus Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSacred Heart of Jesus (), was a Catholic parish church in Cleveland, Ohio and part of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland. It was located at the north-west corner of intersection of East 71st St. and Kazimier St., in a part of the South Broadway neighborhood previously known in Polish as \"\" and nicknamed \"Goosetown\". Both the church building and the school building are GNIS named features. The church, school, and rectory buildings are listed together as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. The church was closed", "id": "12287908" }, { "contents": "St. Mary Mother of the Redeemer Church (Norwalk, Ohio)\n\n\nSaint Mary Mother of the Redeemer Church is a parish in the Roman Catholic Diocese of Toledo. The current church is located at 38 W. League Street, Norwalk, Ohio. Construction on the building began on May 29, 1889, and was completed in 1894. The church was previously twinned with St. Alphonsus in Peru, Ohio, but was later twinned with St. Anthony in Milan, Ohio, after a mass restructuring of the diocese. The Century House was a name given to several buildings, now all demolished, within the", "id": "21671394" }, { "contents": "Pilgrim Congregational Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nPilgrim Congregational Church is a historic congregation of the United Church of Christ in Cleveland, Ohio, United States. Constructed in the 1890s for a congregation founded in the 1850s, it was named a historic site in the 1970s. Congregationalists began operating a Sunday school in Cleveland's Tremont neighborhood in 1854, and their efforts resulted in the creation of a church five years later. The members began construction of their first church building in 1865, although it was not completed until 1870. It was suitable for the congregation's needs for", "id": "19215838" }, { "contents": "Sidney Mason Stone\n\n\n; St. Patrick's Church, New Haven (1853) constructed of East Haven sandstone;First Congregational Church, Naugatuck, CT (1855) and Wooster Place Congregational Church, Wooster Square, New Haven (1855) (now the Church of St. Michael) the original design for which featured a Corinthian portico and tall steeple. In \"New Haven: A Guide to Architecture and Urban Design\", Brown remarks on St. Michael's, “The building has burned twice, the steeple blown down once...Only the side walls and tall", "id": "165241" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Dayton, Ohio)\n\n\ncentury, the parish had outgrown it, and construction began on a new building; Archbishop Moeller laid the cornerstone in July 1905 and consecrated it in November 1906. Growth continued, and St. Anthony's Church was established in 1913 by families coming out of St. Mary's. St. Mary's remains an active part of the Archdiocese of Cincinnati to the present day. Masses are celebrated both in English and in Spanish. The current St. Mary's Church is a Romanesque Revival structure built in a mix of brick and stone. Constructed", "id": "19205375" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Indianapolis, Indiana)\n\n\nuntil the Diocese of Indianapolis established Holy Rosary Catholic Church, an Italian national parish in Indianapolis in 1911. After the turn of the century, when the neighborhood become commercial, the parish purchased property at New Jersey and Vermont streets, where they built the present church, which was under construction from 1910 to 1912. St. Mary's adapted to its changing ethnic neighborhood over the years. In 1967, as the city's Spanish-speaking community began to grow, the parish began offering Sunday mass in Spanish. German-language", "id": "3660949" }, { "contents": "St. John's Catholic Church (Fryburg, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. John Catholic Church is a Roman Catholic church in the unincorporated community of Fryburg in Pusheta Township, Auglaize County, Ohio, United States. The parish was established in 1848, the same year in which the community was platted, and construction was completed in 1850. A Catholic school in connection with the church was established in 1877. Both buildings feature fine architecture: the church includes Gothic Revival elements such as ornate pilasters and lancet windows, while the former school is a good example of Federal architecture. St. John's is", "id": "11283325" }, { "contents": "St. Augustine Parish (Hartford, Connecticut)\n\n\nSt. Augustine Parish is a Roman Catholic parish located in Hartford, Connecticut. In addition to a church, the parish also administers a school, St. Augustine School. St. Augustine Parish was established in August 1902 with Fr. Michael Barry appointed as its first pastor. At that time, a church building had not yet been constructed so mass was offered at the Washington Street School until a basement chapel was completed in 1903. The current Romanesque-style church was completed in 1912 and dedicated by Bishop John J. Nilan of the then", "id": "21104070" }, { "contents": "Zion Lutheran Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nFirst Methodist, Trinity Cathedral, and St. Paul's Episcopal Church on Euclid Avenue. This condition persisted into the mid-1910s, at which point the neighborhood transitioned into a largely commercial area. Beginning after 1930, the neighborhood deteriorated as many buildings were demolished, often to create room for parking lots. In such an environment Zion Lutheran Church was constructed in 1902 and opened for public use in the following year. It is home to a congregation founded by German immigrants in 1843, the oldest extant Lutheran congregation in the city; many", "id": "19215936" }, { "contents": "Church of St Paul, Letchworth\n\n\nallow construction of the new church to begin, with the foundation stone being laid on 10 October 1923 by the Marchioness of Salisbury. Work on the first section of the building was completed including three and a half bays of the nave with arcades at the sides. This first section was consecrated by Michael Furse, the Bishop of St Albans on 3 May 1924. A tower was intended but was never built. By 1924 the church was becoming too small for its growing congregation and work on an extension began in early 1931,", "id": "1720772" }, { "contents": "Basilica of the Sacred Heart of Jesus, Syracuse\n\n\noriginal church was located across the street from the current structure. The first Mass in the new parish church was said on August 30, 1892, with the formal dedication taking place nearly a year later on June 11, 1893. The congregation outgrew the first church within a decade, and a decision was made to construct a new church. The foundations were built by parishioners in order to save money, and the cornerstone was laid in 1907. Work was completed in three years, and the church was completed and dedicated on", "id": "4119395" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n, side altars and pulpit are made entirely of oak wood and decorated with beautiful German woodcarvings. The church pews are also oak. A Mexican onyx and brass Communion rail was installed over the years and the floor of the sanctuary and aisles is made of black and white marble tiles. St. Stephen's is a fully active Roman Catholic Parish in the Diocese of Cleveland. This means that they have a full parish staff and church council. They have regular Sunday Masses as well as daily Masses. German Mass is offered every first", "id": "19215923" }, { "contents": "Roncesvalles, Toronto\n\n\nWomenpriests at the church. St. Casimir's Polish Roman Catholic Church at Garden Avenue, offers Polish masses on Sundays. Its origins begin in 1944 when the Oblate Mission decided to create the third Polish parish (and first in the west end) in Toronto. The lot on which the church stands today was purchased for $15,000 in 1948 and construction on the parish hall began the same year. The first mass was held in the church hall in 1949. The church was completed and officially began offering mass on May 23,", "id": "3040916" }, { "contents": "Rajavoor\n\n\nSt. Michael's Shrine which is located at the center part of Rajavoor. The annual feast starts on the first Friday of May with a flag hoisting followed by a ten-day Mass and adoration. The eighth, ninth and tenth days are marked with a car procession to St. Michael Archangel, carnival ended with High Mass in front of the Holy Cars. The Roman Catholics and parish are administered by the Kottar Diocese. Another notable church, Our Lady of Presentation (Kaanikkai Maathaa) Church is attached to the Rajavoor Parish as", "id": "4595849" }, { "contents": "Transfiguration Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nBaptist Church in the nearby suburb of Garfield Heights, Ohio, which had a large, new structure. In April 1943, Trinity Baptist Church sold its building to the Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland for $35,000 ($ in dollars). The Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland erected Transfiguration Parish on July 30, 1943. The parish was divided from nearby Immaculate Heart of Mary Church and Shrine Church of St. Stanislaus parishes. Reverend Joseph F. Zabawa was named the pastor of the new congregation, which took up residence in the Trinity", "id": "20542089" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Augustine (Larchmont, New York)\n\n\nThe Church of St. Augustine is a Roman Catholic church located in Larchmont, New York. The parish having been founded in 1892, the present Gothic Revival church building was constructed in 1928. With a growing number of Catholics living in Larchmont, New York—many of them domestic servants who attended Blessed Sacrament Church in New Rochelle or Most Holy Trinity Church in Mamaroneck—the Archbishop of New York, Michael Corrigan, created the parish of St. Augustine was created in 1892. The decision to establish a parish was motivated in part", "id": "19300736" }, { "contents": "St. Barbara Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Barbara Catholic Church () is a parish of the Roman Catholic Church in Cleveland, Ohio, within the Diocese of Cleveland. The parish church is located on Denison Ave. between West 16th St. and the southbound entrance to SR 176, in a part of the Brooklyn Centre neighborhood previously known in Polish as . The red brick parish church, designed by H.C. Gabele, is a local landmark. It is a GNIS named feature. The church, rectory and convent buildings are listed together as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. The", "id": "13695356" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\ntwo years the parishioners worshipped in a hotel before constructing a building at Fourth and Euclid downtown. A fire destroyed the structure before it was completed, but people throughout the city contributed funds to build a brick replacement in 1851. By the 1870s, the streets surrounding the church had become primarily commercial, so the vestry sold the building and rented halls while building the present church eastward on Euclid Avenue. Its placement amid the wealthy Millionaire's Row district soon caused it to become a symbol of the neighborhood. However, the membership", "id": "19215901" }, { "contents": "St Michael the Archangel Church, Chatham\n\n\nHeart Church in Luton. St Paulinus Church was built in 1788 as a Wesleyan Chapel. In 1892, it was bought by the local Catholic Church. Sacred Heart Church was built in 1949. On 26 June 1949, its foundation stone was laid by the parish priest of St Michael's Church. St Paulinus Church has one Sunday Mass at 9:00am. Sacred Heart Church also has one Sunday Mass, it is at 10:30am. St Michael's Church has four Sunday Masses: 6:30pm on Saturday and 9:30am, 11:00am and 6:00pm on", "id": "19228802" }, { "contents": "St Michael and All Angels Church, Kingaroy\n\n\n's construction. Architect Colin Deighton, who was assistant to John Hingeston Buckeridge, the Anglican Diocese of Brisbane Architect between 1887 and 1901, designed the church. Deighton designed a number of country churches and St Colomb's Anglican Church at Clayfield in Brisbane. The foundation stone of St Michael and All Angels Church was laid on 10 November 1910 by the Venerable Arthur Rivers, Archdeacon of Toowoomba. Construction of the building, which was to seat 250 worshippers, began in December 1910 and was completed in 1911. Its cost, including", "id": "3972006" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Catholic Church (Chicago)\n\n\nSt. Michael () is a church of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Chicago. The current church is located at E. 83rd Street and S. South Shore Drive in South Chicago, a neighborhood of Chicago, Illinois. It is a prime example of the so-called \"Polish Cathedral style\" of churches in both its opulence and grand scale. Along with Immaculate Conception, it is one of the two monumental Polish churches dominating over the South Chicago neighborhood. Founded in 1892 as a Polish parish in Chicago to relieve overcrowding at Immaculate", "id": "20616064" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nof St. Stephen's for 38 years. In 1873, Fr. Reichlin realized that a new church building was needed to accommodate the growing parish. The Cleveland-based architect firm called Cudell & Richardson was hired to build the structure that still stands today as St. Stephen's Roman Catholic Church. Due to economic depression in the mid-1870s, work on the new building was stopped. Parishioners mortgaged their own properties to raise funds for the new church. It was dedicated on November 20, 1881 by the second bishop of Cleveland,", "id": "19215919" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church, Madison\n\n\n1992, the parishes of St. Mary's and St. Michael's became one community of faith, with one priest, Father John Meyer, and two church buildings. Saturday night mass was held at St. Michael's for St. Michael's ‘parishioners,’ and on Sunday morning, mass was held at St. Mary's. In 1993, the area's two other Catholic Churches (St. Patrick's and St. Anthony's) were merged with St. Mary's-St. Michael's as well. St. Michael's had extensive roof damage", "id": "2385663" }, { "contents": "St. Michael's Church, Hildesheim\n\n\nin 1010 and dedicated the still unfinished building to Michael on the archangel's feast day, 29 September 1022, just a few weeks before his death. Construction, however, continued under his successor, Bishop Godehard (died 1038), who completed the work in 1031 and reconsecrated the church to Michael on September 29 of that year. The church has double choirs east and west, double tripartite transepts at either end of the nave, and six towers----two large ones over the crossings east and west, and four other tall and", "id": "721679" }, { "contents": "St. Augustine's Catholic Church (Napoleon, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Augustine's Catholic Church is a historic church in Napoleon, Ohio, United States. Located on the edge of the city's downtown, two blocks away from the Henry County Courthouse, the church is a prominent landmark in Napoleon. St. Augustine Parish was founded at some point between 1856 and 1858; its first priest was Michael Pietz. The parish was dedicated to St. Augustine in honor of Augustine Pilliod, who supervised the construction of its first building. This structure was replaced with the current church, which was built at", "id": "13450149" }, { "contents": "Saint Patrick's Church (Dubuque, Iowa)\n\n\nMcCabe was assigned as the first resident pastor. The cornerstone of the present brick church was laid in 1877, and the building dedicated on August 15, 1878. In 1928, the Rev. J.J. Hanley remodeled and enlarged the church. St. Patrick Church was originally built for service to the Irish settlers of Dubuque and while the parish has maintained a healthy respect for its Irish heritage over its many years of service, the parish now specializes in service to the Hispanic residents of Dubuque. The parish offers a Spanish Mass on Sundays,", "id": "20590874" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nsecond parish for German-speaking Catholics. In April 1869 the first bishop of Cleveland, Bishop Louis Amadeus Rappe, appointed Fr. Stephen Falk to have a two-story building built. The building would be used as a church on the upper level and a school on the lower level to accommodate the 200 families from St. Mary's that lived west of 44th Street. The newly ordained Fr. Casimir Reichlin became the first pastor and said the first Mass of the parish on May 1, 1870. He served as pastor", "id": "19215918" }, { "contents": "Immaculate Conception Catholic Church (Fulda, Ohio)\n\n\n. Construction began on a small church building under the ministry of the priest from Miltonsburg, and Archbishop Purcell of Cincinnati dedicated it in 1853. Ten years later, the parishioners constructed a parish school, and a rectory followed in 1866; its large size and pretentious architecture resulted in a high construction cost of $2,500. By this time, the original church building had become entirely inadequate for the needs of the congregation, and replacement plans were laid; the cornerstone was laid in May 1874, and Bishop Rosecrans of Columbus dedicated", "id": "19205436" }, { "contents": "St. Vitus's Church, Cleveland\n\n\nSt. Vitus is a parish of the Roman Catholic Church in Cleveland, Ohio, United States, in the Diocese of Cleveland. The parish church, located at 6019 Lausche Avenue in the St. Clair-Superior neighborhood, was completed in 1932. The first documented Slovenian to settle in the Cleveland area was Joseph Turk, who came about 1883, most likely from Carniola, and settled on Marble Avenue, near the steel mills. He helped organize the Catholic Slovenes in Cleveland, and requested that Bishop Richard Gilmour of Cleveland appoint a", "id": "916020" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Catholic Church (St. Patrick, Ohio)\n\n\nrectory in 1919 to house its pastor; before its construction, St. Patrick's was served by priests from St. Michael's Church in Fort Loramie to the southwest. In 1977, the church and rectory were recorded by the Ohio Historic Inventory for the purpose of historic preservation; both buildings were ranked in good condition without any significant risks. Two years later, they were listed together on the National Register of Historic Places, along with over thirty other buildings in the Land of the Cross-Tipped Churches. When these churches were", "id": "15760892" }, { "contents": "Cathedral of St Michael and St John\n\n\n. In that year work commenced on a permanent church building located on the corner of George and Keppel Streets. St Michael's Church was a Victorian Gothic style building constructed in brick. It was in use by 1841 but appears not to have been completed until 1846 when leadlight windows were installed. Bishop John Bede Polding (1794-1877), first Catholic Archbishop of Sydney, was interested in fostering the English Gothic style of architecture in his diocese. He arranged for plans for significant churches to be prepared by English architects including", "id": "17452035" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Cathedral, Thunder Bay\n\n\n. From there, St. Patrick's Church was one of many churches that was missioned to the First Nations in Northern Ontario, as well as St. Andrew's Church, which was handed over to the diocese in 1997. St. Patrick's was built in 1892, the same year as Thunder Bay was incorporated as a town. The foundation stone was laid on 10 October 1891, and the first Mass was celebrated on 21 August 1892. The Jesuit parish priests made plans for the construction of an elementary school later that decade.", "id": "14488629" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Catholic Church (Toledo, Ohio)\n\n\nfor use in a new building. Fr. Edward Hannin, pastor of St. Patrick's, set out to create \"the finest church in this part of the land,\" for his congregation and began to raise money for construction. When it was completed, St. Patrick's was considered one of the finest examples of Gothic Revival architecture in the United States. The exterior is constructed of Amherst blue sandstone and the interior contains ten red granite columns. The church was dedicated on April 13, 1901. The church underwent extensive", "id": "9145471" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Dayton, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Mary's Catholic Church is a historic Catholic church building in an eastern neighborhood of Dayton, Ohio, United States. Constructed at the beginning of the twentieth century, it remains home to an active parish. Its grand architecture has made it an aviator's landmark, and it has been named a historic site by the federal government. Emanuel Church, the first Catholic parish in Dayton, was formed in 1837. Many English-speaking families left to form a separate parish in 1846, but Emanuel continued growing to the point", "id": "19205373" }, { "contents": "Church of St. James the Less\n\n\nmission. Weekly celebration of Mass resumed on Sundays at 5:00 pm. The breakaway congregation now meets at the Holy Cross Catholic church and is known as the Church of Saint Michael the Archangel. During the controversy, the parish school closed circa 2006. As part of its mandate, Saint Mark's Church began a fundraising effort to open a new parish school to serve this local community. In 2009 and 2010, the St. Mark's congregation (together with St. Francis Episcopal Church in Potomac, Maryland) sponsored Vacation Bible School at", "id": "12322466" }, { "contents": "St. John's Evangelical Lutheran Church (Springfield, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. John's Evangelical Lutheran Church is a historic Lutheran church in downtown Springfield, Ohio, United States. Founded as a German-speaking parish in Springfield's early days, it grew rapidly during its first few decades, and its present large church building was constructed in the 1890s under the direction of one of Springfield's leading architects. The congregation remains in the landmark church building, which has been named a historic site. Springfield's first Lutheran congregation was organized in May 1841, and a separate group of German Lutherans began", "id": "18832000" }, { "contents": "St Michael and St John Church, Clitheroe\n\n\nGrade II listed building. In September 2008, the Jesuits handed the church over to the Diocese of Salford who continue to serve the parish. Two years later, the parish merged with St Mary Queen of Peace Church in Sabden to form the parish of Our Lady of the Valley. St Mary's was built in 1877 and it was made into a parish in 1909, so that the parishioners did not have to travel the sizeable distance to attend Mass in Clitheroe. The parish has two Sunday Masses at St Michael and St", "id": "5090732" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n. St. Paul's church building is one of just six Gothic Revival churches built in Cleveland during the 1870s that survived into the 1980s. At one time considered Cleveland's grandest and largest church, it is distinguished by the unusual architecture of the peak of the bell tower, and the open interior features extensive detailing, along with seating for one thousand worshippers. Covered with sandstone from Berea, the building was a work of Gordon W. Lloyd, a Detroit architect who also produced grand churches in Ohio cities of various sizes, ranging", "id": "19215903" }, { "contents": "St. Aloysius' Catholic Church (Carthagena, Ohio)\n\n\nerected in 1865. In their earliest years, the people worshipped in the chapel of the adjacent St. Charles Seminary. Throughout its history, the church has been significantly influenced by the seminary, which trained the priests of the Missionaries of the Precious Blood and provided pastors for the church. As its membership grew, the parish decided to construct a church building. Plans were laid and construction began in 1875; the cornerstone was laid in May 1877, and the church was consecrated on June 30, 1878; the parishioners had performed", "id": "20255448" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Church (Monroe, Michigan)\n\n\nto come. St. Michael Church is located along the River Raisin on West Front Street in the city of Monroe, MI. The 183 foot steeple isn't hard to miss. When you come into Monroe you can easily see St. Michael's A tradition at St. Michael Church is the parish prayer. It is said before the beginning of every mass. It reads: \"Lord, God, we glorify Your holy name and thank you for calling us, the people of Saint Michael the Archangel Parish, to be one in", "id": "12346363" }, { "contents": "St Michael and All Angels Church, Barton Turf\n\n\nSt Michael and All Angels is the Church of England parish church of Barton Turf in the county of Norfolk in England. See Inside here. It stands about a kilometre south-west of the village in the midst of a plantation of trees. Particularly notable for its surviving paintings, the church is listed with Grade I. The building was at first constructed in rather an undistinguished Perpendicular style, possessing a tower at the west end of the church. The church is best known for the twelve panels of its late-Gothic rood", "id": "15249529" }, { "contents": "St Michael and All Angels' Church, Haworth\n\n\nSt Michael and All Angels' Church is the Church of England parish church of Haworth, West Yorkshire. The current structure, the third church building on the site, was built between 1879 and 1881 although parts of the original medieval church building, notably the tower, survive from earlier periods. The church is best known for its historic association with the Brontë sisters whose father Revd. Patrick Brontë served as minister of the parish between 1820 and 1861. A chapel has existed on the site since 1488, though records held at", "id": "17201346" }, { "contents": "St. Peter Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Peter Church (), is a Catholic parish church in Cleveland, Ohio and part of the Diocese of Cleveland. Founded in , it is located at the intersection of Superior Ave. near East 17th St., in the Downtown neighborhood. The church is a longstanding city landmark; George Francis Houck, then the Chancellor, wrote in 1903 that, \"One of the landmarks of the city and Diocese of Cleveland is St. Peter's Church.\" It is listed as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. It is also a named", "id": "13925952" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Church (Monroe, Michigan)\n\n\n. It was used as a church on the first floor and on the second it was used for the school. Later it would only be used as St. Michael School. Then in 1866 the cornerstone for the present church was laid. The large 187 foot steeple wasn't added until 1883. In 1874 the 3-story rectory was built east of the church. In 1918 the parish built the present building of St. Michael School which is now a part of Monroe Catholic Elementary Schools. The movement to establish the parish started in 1845", "id": "12346356" }, { "contents": "St. Casimir Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nRichard Gilmour for permission to form a new parish and build a church for their own use. In December 1891, Monsignor Felix Boff, V.G., administrator of the diocese, granted the required permission. Those parishioners left to form St. Casimir Church in 1891. The parish was founded in 1891 — about 44 years after the Diocese of Cleveland was erected by Pope Pius IX. In December, 1891, Boff appointed Father Benedict Rosinski, pastor of St. Adalbert's, Berea, Ohio, to take charge of the mission. On", "id": "12488231" }, { "contents": "St James' Church, Forest Gate\n\n\nSt James' Church, Forest Gate was a church in Forest Gate, east London. Its origins lay in an iron building constructed around 1870 to serve a conventional district. A parish was formed for it in 1881 from those of Emmanuel Church, All Saints and St John's and its permanent church completed the following year, with an organ moved from St Matthew's Church, Friday Street. The church was demolished in 1964 and for two years its congregation worshiped in the Durning Hall Community Centre's chapel until the parish was", "id": "17208906" }, { "contents": "North Presbyterian Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nNorth Presbyterian Church is a historic Presbyterian church on the east side of Cleveland, Ohio, United States. Constructed in the 1880s, the church building has been named a historic site. Throughout its history, the congregation has been focused on Sunday school work. North Presbyterian Church developed out of a mission Sunday school established in east-side Cleveland in 1859. The local presbytery organized a congregation out of the Sunday school in 1867, and within a short while, the new congregation formed the first of two mission Sunday schools in", "id": "19215693" }, { "contents": "St. Vitus's Church, Cleveland\n\n\nVitus to work on the interior. It was finished for the centennial celebration of the parish later that year. St. Vitus remains a strong parish, but Fr. Božnar works with Bishop Lennon's programs to cluster parishes in order to increase strength for inner-city parishes. The church building of St. Vitus itself is constructed in the Lombard-Roman style with pale yellow Falston brick. It is 141 feet long and 100 feet wide with an attached parish house on its west side. Its two Romanesque bell towers reach 110 feet", "id": "916027" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Michael (St. Michael, Minnesota)\n\n\nof the church came from Saint John's Abbey in Collegeville. In 1866 a new church was built in the center of the town and served for about 25 years. In 1890 the parish built a Gothic Revival building, which was the largest church in Wright County at the time. The building features ornate statues and German woodcarvings. Although the parish had a mostly German ethnicity for many years, since 1985 the number of families in the parish doubled, and it no longer appears to be an ethnic parish. In 2004 the", "id": "1327870" }, { "contents": "St. Thomas Church (Underhill, Vermont)\n\n\nSt. Thomas Church is a Roman Catholic church in the Town of Underhill, Vermont in the United States, located in the unincorporated village of \"Underhill Center\". The church was built from 1891-92 after its predecessor had burned down on 19 December 1890. The cornerstone for the current St. Thomas Church building was laid on 12 August 1891 at an event that had an estimated 1,000 attendees. Although the construction period spanned from 1 May 1891 until December 1892, the first Mass was nevertheless held in the basement of the church", "id": "6739395" }, { "contents": "St. William Parish (Lawncrest)\n\n\n1950s and 60's, saw many changes come to the physical plant of the Parish that reflected the housing boom of the area, the economic upswing of the times and the growing parish population. Many of the original \"Motley Buildings\" were completely replaced. The Middle School (Junior High/Upper School) building was built and later an additional floor was added. When consideration was had for the completion of the Upper Church, it was found that the basement church was not structurally sufficient to support additional construction. In 1955", "id": "10364503" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Michael the Archangel, Katowice\n\n\nChurch of St. Michael Archangel () is one of the oldest buildings in Katowice. It's located in Kościuszko Park, where it was moved in 1938 from the village Syrynia, where it was originally constructed in 1510. It is under the invocation of St. Michael. It has end-fitted log framework construction and shingled roof. Free-standing belltower was completed before 1679; it has historic lych-gate and wooden fence around the churchyard. The church of St. Michael Archangel was first built in 1305 in Syrynia, near", "id": "21359049" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Catholic Church (St. Patrick, Ohio)\n\n\n's was closely connected to many other churches in western Ohio: wide areas of western Ohio that were primarily settled by Catholics feature large churches at sparsely-populated crossroads. While most of these churches are constructed in the Gothic Revival style of architecture, some of the newer churches of the region — including St. Patrick's — appear in a variety of styles; St. Patrick's was one of the few that lacked the high steeples of the Gothic Revival structures. The leading role of these churches in western Shelby County and the lands", "id": "15760890" }, { "contents": "St Michael's Roman Catholic Church, Linlithgow\n\n\nchildren the congregation capitalised on the spirit of cooperation and community and set out to build a school. Located on a site next to the church St. Joseph's school was opened on 1 July 1889 and served the children of the parish until 1964 when new premises were occupied at Preston Road. Although during this time Fr Easson had replaced Fr Murphy as parish priest there was no change of emphasis and all the parish energies were engaged in the effort to complete the church building programme. Plans to double the size of the church were", "id": "17679127" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Delaware, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Mary's Catholic Church is a historic Catholic parish church in the city of Delaware, Ohio, United States. Constructed in the 1880s, this grand building is home to a congregation established in the middle of the nineteenth century. Its grand style has long made it a community landmark, and it was named a historic landmark in 1980. Delaware's first Masses were celebrated by travelling priests in the homes of the city's few Catholics, most of whom were Irish or German immigrants. The members built the first St. Mary", "id": "2642749" }, { "contents": "Church of the Resurrection (Rye, New York)\n\n\nin 1881 at the intersection of Purchase Street and the Boston Post Road, where services were then offered. The parish was incorporated on January 29, 1886, and title to the property was transferred from the archdiocese to the parish itself. A new church building was completed in 1889 on Purchase Street, while the former building was used as the rectory. Thereafter, construction of a parochial school on the Boston Post Road began in 1906 and was completed two years later. With the number of parishioners growing, the church purchased land", "id": "19300829" }, { "contents": "Near North Side, Chicago\n\n\n, most of this area was an enclave to the first emigrants from Puerto Rico to Chicago, who referred to it as part of \"La Clark\" until commercialization decorated late 1960s shop signs with the name of Old Town. The neighborhood is home to St. Michael's Church, originally built to serve German immigrants, and one of only 7 to survive the great Chicago fire. St. Michael's, Holy Name Cathedral, Immaculate Conception, and St. Joseph's Catholic churches all catered to Latinos with a Mass in Spanish. Many", "id": "1540930" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Massillon, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Mary's Catholic Church is a historic Catholic church building in the city of Massillon, Ohio, United States. Constructed in 1876 for a congregation composed largely of European immigrants, it has been named a historic site. The origins of St. Mary parish lie among numerous Germans and Irish who settled in Massillon in its early years and built a small house of worship on Cherry Road in the 1840s. This building stood until 1875, when it was destroyed so that the present church might occupy its location; it was built in", "id": "19205828" }, { "contents": "St. Anne Church (Berlin, New Hampshire)\n\n\nSt. Anne Church is a historic church at 58 Church Street in Berlin, New Hampshire, United States. It is the church for Good Shepherd Parish within the Roman Catholic Diocese of Manchester. St. Anne Parish was founded in 1867, and was Berlin's first Roman Catholic congregation. It was merged with Guardian Angel Parish, St. Joseph Parish, and St. Kieran Parish in 2000 to form Good Shepherd Parish. Its building, constructed in 1900, is an important local example of Romanesque architecture, and was listed on the National Register", "id": "2452362" }, { "contents": "St. Peter Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n, put up by Luhr, was torn down and replaced by a large pastoral residence adjoining the rear of the church, at a cost of $12,000. In the same year a third story was added to St. Peter's school building, and arranged for a parish hall, containing a stage and other conveniences, at a cost of $10,000. In the synod of January 3, 1889, St. Peter's congregation was the first mentioned among the nine principal churches of the diocese which Gilmour named as rectorates, with an", "id": "13925965" }, { "contents": "Trinity Cathedral (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nfirst church building built within the village limits of Cleveland. In 1846, to meet the needs of a growing parish, plans for a larger, centralized building just east of Public Square commenced. The congregation moved into the larger stone structure in the Gothic style on Superior Avenue in 1855. In 1890, Trinity Church was offered to Bishop William A. Leonard for use as a cathedral for the Diocese of Ohio. The congregation would maintain the building and it would serve dual roles as the parish church and cathedral for the diocese.", "id": "19215933" }, { "contents": "St. Andrew's Cathedral (Jackson, Mississippi)\n\n\nat the time that was not located along the Mississippi River. Its church was burned by the Union Army during the American Civil War in 1863. The cornerstone for the second church was laid by the Rt. Rev. William Mercer Green in 1869. By the turn of the Twentieth Century the congregation had outgrown its church building and the present structure was completed in 1903. The Parish House was constructed between 1923 and 1924. The congregation continued to grow and the building along West Street was built in 1955. The bishop moved his", "id": "20556538" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Evansville, Indiana)\n\n\nservice in the first church building was held on April 15, 1883. While construction ensued, a congregant and frequent benefactor, Charles Viele, offered the use of Viele Hall (located on 2nd street between Main and Sycamore streets) to St. Paul's parish. The cornerstone for new St. Paul's was laid on September 3, 1883, and construction completed on March 2, 1886 with Bishop D.B. Knickerbacker consecrating the new building. Charles and Mary Viele continued to sponsor further construction on the church grounds - first with a rectory", "id": "20407572" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Church (Monroe, Michigan)\n\n\nSaint Michael the Archangel Church (St. Michael Church) is located on the west side of the city of Monroe, Michigan along the River Raisin. It is home to 1,200 families and it is one of most important religious institutes in Monroe County. It was founded in the year 1852. The present building was built from 1866-1867. It is in the Archdiocese of Detroit. Its current priest is Rev. Phillip Ching. When the parish was first established, the mayor of Monroe palatial residence was remodeled as a temporary church", "id": "12346355" }, { "contents": "St. Mary Congregational Church\n\n\nSt. Mary Congregational Church in Abbeville, Louisiana is the oldest incorporated, predominantly African-American church in Vermilion Parish. Its historic Gothic Revival style church at 213 S. Louisiana Avenue, constructed in 1905 to replace a previous building, was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1999. American Missionary Association records show the congregation dates to at least 1877. The structure is a three-bay, gable-fronted church with a prominent corner tower. The tower is three-stage and square. The church is currently non", "id": "17676536" }, { "contents": "St. Charles of the Valley Catholic Church and Rectory\n\n\nSt. Charles Borromeo Church is a Catholic parish in Hailey, Idaho, in the Diocese of Boise. Its historic parish church and rectory complex, located at Pine and S. 1st Streets, is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Fr. E.M. Nattini began ministering in the Wood River Valley in the 1880s. The population was growing rapidly, and he was soon able to raise funds for the construction of the first church of St. Charles, which began June 17, 1883. It was the first Catholic church ineast of", "id": "20581174" }, { "contents": "Sacred Heart Catholic Church (Dayton, Ohio)\n\n\nprompted some of the members to leave in July 1883 and establish Sacred Heart Church; under the leadership of St. Joseph's associate pastor Hugh McDevitt, the congregation rented a meeting hall while waiting for the construction of their building. Land for the present church was purchased for $19,000, and William Henry Elder laid the cornerstone in June 1888. Exterior work was completed in the following year, and by 1893 construction was close enough to completion that the congregation could begin worshipping in their building. The building was consecrated by Bishop Maes", "id": "22206155" }, { "contents": "St. Vincent de Paul Church (Pontiac, Michigan)\n\n\n. The church continued to grow, and in the 1880s, the Reverend Fridolin Baumgartner began raising funds for the construction of the present church. The congregation hired the Detroit architecture firm of Donaldson & Meier to design the church, and the cornerstone was laid on September 6, 1885. The church was dedicated two years later, on September 18, 1887. A 6600-pound bell was installed in the church in 1890. A rectory was constructed in 1895, a school building was added in 1897, and a parish hall in 1911", "id": "19268922" }, { "contents": "St. Boniface Roman Catholic Church\n\n\npopulation on the west side. In 1873, a two-story, red brick Italianate rectory building was built for the parish at a cost of $6,000. A stone church building was planned by the prominent local architect William M. Scott, and construction was completed in 1883 at a cost of $30,000. The parish was closed in 1989, and the building was demolished a few years later. St. Boniface Church was an eclectic example of Romanesque Revival and Ruskinian Gothic architecture. It was built in a cruciform shape from red", "id": "9736494" } ]

[ { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nchurch congregation reached its peak size in the 1950, when only 25% of the parishioners were of German descent. The first Spanish Mass was said in 1971 for the growing number of Hispanic parishioners. The congregation now is mostly Latin American. The church now offers Masses in both English and Spanish. An annual Good Friday Procession begins or ends at St. Michael's. St Michael's and La Sagrada Familia church alternate every year to begin or end at one of the two churches. There is a stop at St Patrick's", "id": "19125747" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nwhile the new building was under construction. The current church, which had its cornerstone laid in 1889, was completed five years ahead of schedule in 1892. The church building is considered a good example of High Victorian Gothic architecture with its two towers of unequal height, the taller of which rises , and three archways. An architecturally notable school adjacent to the church began construction in 1906 and was completed in 1907. For many years the church was one of the most costly and artistically notable churches in the Cleveland Diocese. The", "id": "19125746" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Michael the Archangel is a Roman Catholic church located at 3114 Scranton Road in the Clark-Fulton neighborhood on the west side of Cleveland, Ohio. The church is named in honor of St. Michael the Archangel and was completed in 1892. The congregation was founded in 1881 as a mission of Ohio City, Cleveland's St. Mary's on-the-Flats to serve a growing German immigrant population on Cleveland's west side. The original church and school building were constructed in 1883 but burned on June 29, 1891,", "id": "19125745" }, { "contents": "St. John's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n's. Trinity Cathedral is now the seat of the Episcopal Diocese of Ohio. St. John's was also the mother church to several of the west side parishes. In 1837, the Ohio City Directory described the church as follows, \"The Episcopal Church, which is not yet finished, is built of hammered stone, and has a lofty steeple. Its style of architecture is Gothic, resembling that of the ancient and venerable Cathedral. This building, when finished, will be one of the best of the kind in the", "id": "18742416" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cincinnati, Ohio)\n\n\n1847. The cornerstone was laid August 1, 1847 and the church dedicated June 4, 1848. Rev. Fr. Zoppoth was selected as the first pastor for the congregation. In 1868 St. Michael Church became the mother parish to St. Lawrence Church which was organized that same year. The Comboni Missionaries took charge of the parish in 1964. By this time many of the German-speaking families in the parish had begun to move to other parts of the city. In a mass celebrated by Daniel Edward Pilarczyk the church building was", "id": "11338583" }, { "contents": "St. Columba Cathedral (Youngstown, Ohio)\n\n\nThe first Mass celebrated in Youngstown occurred in 1826. St. Columba Parish was founded in 1847, the year that Pope Pius IX established the Diocese of Cleveland, of which Youngstown was a part. The first church was completed in 1850. As the parish grew, it required a larger church, which it completed in 1868. The first parish school building was opened three years later. The parish continued to grow and constructed yet another church which opened in 1897. Bishop Ignatius Horstmann consecrated the sanctuary in 1903. The parish added", "id": "13619245" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Stephen Church is a Roman Catholic church located in the Detroit-Shoreway neighborhood on the west side of Cleveland, Ohio. The gothic style building was designed by architects Cudell & Richardson. The current church was built in 1875 and was added into the National Register of Historic Places in 1977. St. Stephen Roman Catholic Church was founded in 1869 due to a need for a second German parish on the west side of Cleveland. The first German parish, St. Mary's, increased so much that Cleveland was in need of a", "id": "19215917" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cincinnati, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Michael the Archangel Church is a Roman Catholic church located at 2110 St. Michael Street, in Cincinnati, Ohio. The cornerstone of this church was laid in 1847 and the church dedicated a year later. The church closed April 5, 1998. As the tide of German immigrants continued to rise in Cincinnati, more churches were needed. Holy Trinity Church was the first German speaking parish. As the city grew in three directions; north, east and west; there were three parishes which descended from that parish Old St. Mary", "id": "11338581" }, { "contents": "St. John's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. John's Episcopal Church is located at 2600 Church Avenue in the Ohio City neighborhood of Cleveland, Ohio. St. John's is the oldest consecrated building in Cuyahoga county. This stone gothic revival church building was designed by Hezekiah Eldredge and built beginning in 1836 and was completed 1838. Eldridge was probably familiar with John Henry Hopkins' \"An Essay on Gothic Architecture\", the first book on Gothic ecclesiastical architecture to be published in the United States. St. John's is a good representative of a small group of American churches", "id": "18742414" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland Heights, Ohio)\n\n\nFairmount Blvd, it is a contributing property in the Fairmount Boulevard District, which is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. St. Paul's was first established in the city of Cleveland, Ohio on October 26, 1846. The congregation did not have its own building until 1851, as a frame building completed in 1849 burned completely. A small brick church in the Gothic Revival style was completed for the parish at Euclid and Sheriff (East 4th) Streets by 1858. St. Paul's congregation outgrew the church, however", "id": "18644038" }, { "contents": "Irvington, Baltimore\n\n\nPassion\", marking the beginning of St. Joseph's Monastery Parish. Construction of a new, larger church began in 1881 and was completed in 1883. Its cornerstone was placed by Cardinal James Gibbons. The original monastery, beside the church, burned down in 1883. A new monastery was completed in 1886. The monastery chapel is extant and contains an 1887 Niemann pipe organ. The congregation of St. Joseph's Monastery Parish outgrew their church building in the following century. In 1931, Archbishop Michael Joseph Curley placed the cornerstone for", "id": "5906170" }, { "contents": "St. Theodosius Russian Orthodox Cathedral\n\n\nSt. Theodosius Cathedral is an Orthodox church located on Starkweather Avenue in the Tremont neighborhood, on the near west side of Cleveland, Ohio. It is considered one of the best examples of Russian church architecture in the U.S. and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The parish is the first Orthodox parish in Cleveland and is currently under the jurisdiction of the Diocese of the Midwest of the Orthodox Church in America. St. Theodosius is perhaps best known for its appearance in the 1978 film, \"The Deer Hunter\" with", "id": "13141384" }, { "contents": "St. Casimir Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nBoth the church building and the school building are GNIS named features. The church building is listed as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. To provide properly for the large and steadily increasing number of Poles in the north-eastern part of Cleveland it was necessary to organize them into the third Polish congregation within the limits of the city. They lived too far away from St. Stanislaus Church, with which they had been affiliated, for them to conveniently either attend Mass or for their children to attend the parish school. They therefore petitioned Bishop", "id": "12488230" }, { "contents": "St. Henry's Catholic Church (Harriettsville, Ohio)\n\n\nChurch in Fulda in order to hear Mass. Virtually all of the members in the early decades were Germans or of German descent. A parish school was formed in the late 1870s, and in its first twenty years, the parish grew fourfold in membership. This growth caused the original church building to be too small: land for a new building was purchased in 1879, and construction finished in 1894. St. Henry's Church is a stone building in the Gothic Revival style; the most prominent component is a multi-story tower", "id": "19205430" }, { "contents": "St. Michael's Church, Old Town, Chicago\n\n\nSt. Michael's Church in the Old Town neighborhood of Chicago is a Roman Catholic church staffed by the Redemptorist order of priests. The parish was founded to minister to German Catholic immigrants in 1852 with its first wooden church completed that year at a cost of $750 (including the bell). The building stands at the intersection of Eugenie Street and Cleveland Avenue. The church was built as a haven for German immigrants who were outcasts in Old Chicago. In addition, the town's main church, St. Joseph's Church,", "id": "10838314" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cincinnati, Ohio)\n\n\n's Church, St. Philomena's Church and St. Joseph's Church. The three parishes were founded in 1840, 1846 and 1846 respectively. As more immigration followed, St. Michael's was founded, the first filial parish of St. Joseph. The parish was located to what was then called Storrs Township. Forty-five persons organized themselves into a congregation in the early part of 1847 and drew up a constitution for the church A lot was donated by Innocent Troenle and two additional adjacent pieces of property were bought in April and May", "id": "11338582" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Michael and St. Anthony\n\n\ntoday to mostly Poles and Italians. The church has also been noted for its Byzantine Revival architecture, complete with a dome and minaret-styled tower, making it \"one of the more unique examples of church architecture in Montréal.\" Construction on the Church of St. Michael the Archangel began in 1914, for what would grow to become the largest anglophone parish in Montreal. After a brief delay following the commencement of World War I, the church was completed in 1915 at a cost of $232,000, with a capacity of", "id": "10850773" }, { "contents": "Zion Lutheran Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nother Cleveland-area Lutheran congregations, including Trinity Lutheran Church, are Zion's daughters. The original church building was located downtown, but the east-side German community was strong enough by 1902 that the congregation deemed Prospect Avenue a better location for serving the community. From its earliest years, the congregation had sponsored a school; Zion Lutheran School was founded in 1848, at which time all scholars were instructed in German. The school moved to Prospect Avenue ahead of the church; the present building was completed in 1903,", "id": "19215937" }, { "contents": "St. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\non their behalf with papal authorities, and Charles Boehm of Hungary settled in Cleveland in late 1892 to serve the new St. Elizabeth parish, the first Hungarian nationality parish in America. Boehm immediately began registering members and advocating for the construction of a church complex; the first church building, a brick structure, was erected by the end of 1893, a school soon followed, and a larger school was completed in 1900 because of expanded enrollment. He also began a Hungarian-language parish newspaper that soon gained subscribers in other parts", "id": "19215854" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church, Madison\n\n\ndying Catholics (he was a doctor as well). Costigan is believed to have been the Catholic architect of the church. Costigan was only recorded as being a member of the parish during the construction, but details of the church building mirror his other buildings in Madison. In December 1839 St. Michael the Archangel Catholic Church was completed. As the City of Madison grew, so did its Catholic population. German–Catholics had increased highly in numbers and had formed a separate congregation within St. Michael's. In 1850, the", "id": "2385658" }, { "contents": "Pilgrim Congregational Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nonly a short time, as construction on the present building was started just 23 years after the first building was finished. The name \"Pilgrim Congregational Church\" was adopted in 1894 upon the completion of the present building; they had been styled \"Heights Congregational Church\" into the 1870s and used the name \"Jennings Avenue Congregational Church\" in the 1880s. The building was a community landmark from its earliest years — electric wiring was included in the original construction at a time when no other Cleveland buildings west of the Cuyahoga River", "id": "19215839" }, { "contents": "St. Monica Church (Manhattan)\n\n\nin 1880 he began conducting Mass over a feed store at 404 East 78th Street. The following year, he purchased land for the construction of the church and school. Construction of the first church building was completed in 1883. In 1892, the address was listed as 409 E 79th Street. The Rev. John J. Boyle served as acting rector at St. Monica's before becoming the founding pastor of St. Luke's Church (Bronx, New York). The current Gothic Revival church building was erected in 1906 to the designs of", "id": "18565781" }, { "contents": "Annunciation Church (historic) (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nAnnunciation Church (historic) (), was a Catholic parish church in Cleveland, Ohio and part of the Diocese of Cleveland. It was located at the intersection of Hurd St. and Moore St., now part of the West Side Market parking lot, in the Ohio City neighborhood. The location where the church once stood can be found, in an 1881 atlas, at the south-west corner of Hurd St. and Moore St., on the west bank of the Cuyahoga river above part of the Flats historically known as Ox", "id": "14549709" }, { "contents": "Sacred Heart of Jesus Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n. Between 1885 and 1889 a large number of Poles settled in South Cleveland, in the area of East 71st St. and Harvard Ave. They lived too far away from St. Stanislaus church for them to conveniently either attend Mass or for their children to attend the parish school. They petitioned Bishop Richard Gilmour for permission to form a new parish and build a church for their own use. The petition to form a new parish and build a church was granted, and the parish was founded in  — about 42 years after the Diocese", "id": "12287909" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland Heights, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Paul's Episcopal Church is a parish of the Episcopal Church in Cleveland Heights, Ohio. The current rector is the Rev. Jeanne Leinbach, installed on October 23, 2015. She is the first female rector of St. Paul's. Her predecessor was the Rev. Alan M. Gates, who served from 2004-2014, before his election as Bishop of Massachusetts. St. Paul's is a leading church and has the largest congregation in the Episcopal Diocese of Ohio. The church building is a Cleveland Heights landmark. Located at 2747", "id": "18644037" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nRev. Richard Gilmour. Volunteer German and Hungarian woodworkers completed the interior of the church. Over the next 40 years, the parish added a rectory, convent for the Sisters of Notre Dame and two school buildings including one for and an all girls two-year high school which opened in 1905. After World War II, St. Stephen's parish experienced unprecedented growth due to the population growth in Cleveland and throughout the country. On June 8, 1953 a tornado severely damaged the church structure. Work to restore the building began immediately", "id": "19215920" }, { "contents": "Cathedral of St. John the Evangelist (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nstyle and the Bishop laid the cornerstone October 22, 1848. Until the new building was completed in 1852, St. Mary's served as cathedral for the diocese. At the time of its completion, the new cathedral was the well beyond Cleveland's Public Square. Alterations and additions began on the church almost as soon as the initial construction was complete. In 1857, a boys' school was added and within ten years, it was joined by a parish hall and girls' school. In 1879, the parish raised sufficient", "id": "10656550" }, { "contents": "St. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nthe present building. Although the cornerstone was laid in 1918, the construction process was lengthy, and it was finally completed only in 1922. Built primarily of limestone, according to a design of Cleveland architect Emile Uhlrich, the church is an example of Italian-influenced Baroque Revival architecture, partly modelled after the church of Sant'Agnese in Agone in Rome. Two great towers, topped with cupolas, form the ends of the facade, while a great rose window sits in the middle section of the facade high above the main entrance", "id": "19215857" }, { "contents": "St. Nicholas' Catholic Church (Osgood, Ohio)\n\n\nnearby villages; St. Augustine's Church in Minster and St. Michael's Church in Fort Loramie were established by 1850, but the foundations of a parish in Osgood were not laid until 1904, and formal establishment of the parish came in 1906. In its earliest years, the Mass was celebrated in common buildings; after worshipping for a time in a school, the parishioners purchased a barn for ecclesiastical purposes. For many years, the improvement of the parish's facilities was hindered by its size; the fewness of its members meant", "id": "421917" }, { "contents": "Union–Miles Park\n\n\na congregation for African Americans, was founded 1914, and erected its first church building and school in 1916 at what is now Union Avenue and Martin Luther King Drive. The congregation that formed Archangel Michael Orthodox Church ( St. Michael's Orthodox Church) split from St. John the Baptist Orthodox Church in 1921. It began construction of its new church home at 10000 Union Avenue in April 1924, completing the structure in 1926. Although the long-standing Cataract House closed in 1917, the first Union–Miles Park movie theater,", "id": "20793486" }, { "contents": "St. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church is a historic Roman Catholic church in the Buckeye Road neighborhood on the east side of Cleveland, Ohio, United States. The earliest ethnic parish established for Hungarians in the United States, its present building was constructed in the early twentieth century, and it has been named a historic site. Cleveland's first Hungarian Catholics initially worshipped at St. Ladislaus' Church, an east-side Slovakian parish, but ethnic strife and increasing immigration prompted the Hungarian community to seek their own parish. Bishop Horstmann interceded", "id": "19215853" }, { "contents": "Sacred Heart of Jesus Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSacred Heart of Jesus (), was a Catholic parish church in Cleveland, Ohio and part of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland. It was located at the north-west corner of intersection of East 71st St. and Kazimier St., in a part of the South Broadway neighborhood previously known in Polish as \"\" and nicknamed \"Goosetown\". Both the church building and the school building are GNIS named features. The church, school, and rectory buildings are listed together as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. The church was closed", "id": "12287908" }, { "contents": "St. Mary Mother of the Redeemer Church (Norwalk, Ohio)\n\n\nSaint Mary Mother of the Redeemer Church is a parish in the Roman Catholic Diocese of Toledo. The current church is located at 38 W. League Street, Norwalk, Ohio. Construction on the building began on May 29, 1889, and was completed in 1894. The church was previously twinned with St. Alphonsus in Peru, Ohio, but was later twinned with St. Anthony in Milan, Ohio, after a mass restructuring of the diocese. The Century House was a name given to several buildings, now all demolished, within the", "id": "21671394" }, { "contents": "Pilgrim Congregational Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nPilgrim Congregational Church is a historic congregation of the United Church of Christ in Cleveland, Ohio, United States. Constructed in the 1890s for a congregation founded in the 1850s, it was named a historic site in the 1970s. Congregationalists began operating a Sunday school in Cleveland's Tremont neighborhood in 1854, and their efforts resulted in the creation of a church five years later. The members began construction of their first church building in 1865, although it was not completed until 1870. It was suitable for the congregation's needs for", "id": "19215838" }, { "contents": "Sidney Mason Stone\n\n\n; St. Patrick's Church, New Haven (1853) constructed of East Haven sandstone;First Congregational Church, Naugatuck, CT (1855) and Wooster Place Congregational Church, Wooster Square, New Haven (1855) (now the Church of St. Michael) the original design for which featured a Corinthian portico and tall steeple. In \"New Haven: A Guide to Architecture and Urban Design\", Brown remarks on St. Michael's, “The building has burned twice, the steeple blown down once...Only the side walls and tall", "id": "165241" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Dayton, Ohio)\n\n\ncentury, the parish had outgrown it, and construction began on a new building; Archbishop Moeller laid the cornerstone in July 1905 and consecrated it in November 1906. Growth continued, and St. Anthony's Church was established in 1913 by families coming out of St. Mary's. St. Mary's remains an active part of the Archdiocese of Cincinnati to the present day. Masses are celebrated both in English and in Spanish. The current St. Mary's Church is a Romanesque Revival structure built in a mix of brick and stone. Constructed", "id": "19205375" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Indianapolis, Indiana)\n\n\nuntil the Diocese of Indianapolis established Holy Rosary Catholic Church, an Italian national parish in Indianapolis in 1911. After the turn of the century, when the neighborhood become commercial, the parish purchased property at New Jersey and Vermont streets, where they built the present church, which was under construction from 1910 to 1912. St. Mary's adapted to its changing ethnic neighborhood over the years. In 1967, as the city's Spanish-speaking community began to grow, the parish began offering Sunday mass in Spanish. German-language", "id": "3660949" }, { "contents": "St. John's Catholic Church (Fryburg, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. John Catholic Church is a Roman Catholic church in the unincorporated community of Fryburg in Pusheta Township, Auglaize County, Ohio, United States. The parish was established in 1848, the same year in which the community was platted, and construction was completed in 1850. A Catholic school in connection with the church was established in 1877. Both buildings feature fine architecture: the church includes Gothic Revival elements such as ornate pilasters and lancet windows, while the former school is a good example of Federal architecture. St. John's is", "id": "11283325" }, { "contents": "St. Augustine Parish (Hartford, Connecticut)\n\n\nSt. Augustine Parish is a Roman Catholic parish located in Hartford, Connecticut. In addition to a church, the parish also administers a school, St. Augustine School. St. Augustine Parish was established in August 1902 with Fr. Michael Barry appointed as its first pastor. At that time, a church building had not yet been constructed so mass was offered at the Washington Street School until a basement chapel was completed in 1903. The current Romanesque-style church was completed in 1912 and dedicated by Bishop John J. Nilan of the then", "id": "21104070" }, { "contents": "Zion Lutheran Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nFirst Methodist, Trinity Cathedral, and St. Paul's Episcopal Church on Euclid Avenue. This condition persisted into the mid-1910s, at which point the neighborhood transitioned into a largely commercial area. Beginning after 1930, the neighborhood deteriorated as many buildings were demolished, often to create room for parking lots. In such an environment Zion Lutheran Church was constructed in 1902 and opened for public use in the following year. It is home to a congregation founded by German immigrants in 1843, the oldest extant Lutheran congregation in the city; many", "id": "19215936" }, { "contents": "Church of St Paul, Letchworth\n\n\nallow construction of the new church to begin, with the foundation stone being laid on 10 October 1923 by the Marchioness of Salisbury. Work on the first section of the building was completed including three and a half bays of the nave with arcades at the sides. This first section was consecrated by Michael Furse, the Bishop of St Albans on 3 May 1924. A tower was intended but was never built. By 1924 the church was becoming too small for its growing congregation and work on an extension began in early 1931,", "id": "1720772" }, { "contents": "Basilica of the Sacred Heart of Jesus, Syracuse\n\n\noriginal church was located across the street from the current structure. The first Mass in the new parish church was said on August 30, 1892, with the formal dedication taking place nearly a year later on June 11, 1893. The congregation outgrew the first church within a decade, and a decision was made to construct a new church. The foundations were built by parishioners in order to save money, and the cornerstone was laid in 1907. Work was completed in three years, and the church was completed and dedicated on", "id": "4119395" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n, side altars and pulpit are made entirely of oak wood and decorated with beautiful German woodcarvings. The church pews are also oak. A Mexican onyx and brass Communion rail was installed over the years and the floor of the sanctuary and aisles is made of black and white marble tiles. St. Stephen's is a fully active Roman Catholic Parish in the Diocese of Cleveland. This means that they have a full parish staff and church council. They have regular Sunday Masses as well as daily Masses. German Mass is offered every first", "id": "19215923" }, { "contents": "Roncesvalles, Toronto\n\n\nWomenpriests at the church. St. Casimir's Polish Roman Catholic Church at Garden Avenue, offers Polish masses on Sundays. Its origins begin in 1944 when the Oblate Mission decided to create the third Polish parish (and first in the west end) in Toronto. The lot on which the church stands today was purchased for $15,000 in 1948 and construction on the parish hall began the same year. The first mass was held in the church hall in 1949. The church was completed and officially began offering mass on May 23,", "id": "3040916" }, { "contents": "Rajavoor\n\n\nSt. Michael's Shrine which is located at the center part of Rajavoor. The annual feast starts on the first Friday of May with a flag hoisting followed by a ten-day Mass and adoration. The eighth, ninth and tenth days are marked with a car procession to St. Michael Archangel, carnival ended with High Mass in front of the Holy Cars. The Roman Catholics and parish are administered by the Kottar Diocese. Another notable church, Our Lady of Presentation (Kaanikkai Maathaa) Church is attached to the Rajavoor Parish as", "id": "4595849" }, { "contents": "Transfiguration Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nBaptist Church in the nearby suburb of Garfield Heights, Ohio, which had a large, new structure. In April 1943, Trinity Baptist Church sold its building to the Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland for $35,000 ($ in dollars). The Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland erected Transfiguration Parish on July 30, 1943. The parish was divided from nearby Immaculate Heart of Mary Church and Shrine Church of St. Stanislaus parishes. Reverend Joseph F. Zabawa was named the pastor of the new congregation, which took up residence in the Trinity", "id": "20542089" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Augustine (Larchmont, New York)\n\n\nThe Church of St. Augustine is a Roman Catholic church located in Larchmont, New York. The parish having been founded in 1892, the present Gothic Revival church building was constructed in 1928. With a growing number of Catholics living in Larchmont, New York—many of them domestic servants who attended Blessed Sacrament Church in New Rochelle or Most Holy Trinity Church in Mamaroneck—the Archbishop of New York, Michael Corrigan, created the parish of St. Augustine was created in 1892. The decision to establish a parish was motivated in part", "id": "19300736" }, { "contents": "St. Barbara Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Barbara Catholic Church () is a parish of the Roman Catholic Church in Cleveland, Ohio, within the Diocese of Cleveland. The parish church is located on Denison Ave. between West 16th St. and the southbound entrance to SR 176, in a part of the Brooklyn Centre neighborhood previously known in Polish as . The red brick parish church, designed by H.C. Gabele, is a local landmark. It is a GNIS named feature. The church, rectory and convent buildings are listed together as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. The", "id": "13695356" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\ntwo years the parishioners worshipped in a hotel before constructing a building at Fourth and Euclid downtown. A fire destroyed the structure before it was completed, but people throughout the city contributed funds to build a brick replacement in 1851. By the 1870s, the streets surrounding the church had become primarily commercial, so the vestry sold the building and rented halls while building the present church eastward on Euclid Avenue. Its placement amid the wealthy Millionaire's Row district soon caused it to become a symbol of the neighborhood. However, the membership", "id": "19215901" }, { "contents": "St Michael the Archangel Church, Chatham\n\n\nHeart Church in Luton. St Paulinus Church was built in 1788 as a Wesleyan Chapel. In 1892, it was bought by the local Catholic Church. Sacred Heart Church was built in 1949. On 26 June 1949, its foundation stone was laid by the parish priest of St Michael's Church. St Paulinus Church has one Sunday Mass at 9:00am. Sacred Heart Church also has one Sunday Mass, it is at 10:30am. St Michael's Church has four Sunday Masses: 6:30pm on Saturday and 9:30am, 11:00am and 6:00pm on", "id": "19228802" }, { "contents": "St Michael and All Angels Church, Kingaroy\n\n\n's construction. Architect Colin Deighton, who was assistant to John Hingeston Buckeridge, the Anglican Diocese of Brisbane Architect between 1887 and 1901, designed the church. Deighton designed a number of country churches and St Colomb's Anglican Church at Clayfield in Brisbane. The foundation stone of St Michael and All Angels Church was laid on 10 November 1910 by the Venerable Arthur Rivers, Archdeacon of Toowoomba. Construction of the building, which was to seat 250 worshippers, began in December 1910 and was completed in 1911. Its cost, including", "id": "3972006" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Catholic Church (Chicago)\n\n\nSt. Michael () is a church of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Chicago. The current church is located at E. 83rd Street and S. South Shore Drive in South Chicago, a neighborhood of Chicago, Illinois. It is a prime example of the so-called \"Polish Cathedral style\" of churches in both its opulence and grand scale. Along with Immaculate Conception, it is one of the two monumental Polish churches dominating over the South Chicago neighborhood. Founded in 1892 as a Polish parish in Chicago to relieve overcrowding at Immaculate", "id": "20616064" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nof St. Stephen's for 38 years. In 1873, Fr. Reichlin realized that a new church building was needed to accommodate the growing parish. The Cleveland-based architect firm called Cudell & Richardson was hired to build the structure that still stands today as St. Stephen's Roman Catholic Church. Due to economic depression in the mid-1870s, work on the new building was stopped. Parishioners mortgaged their own properties to raise funds for the new church. It was dedicated on November 20, 1881 by the second bishop of Cleveland,", "id": "19215919" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church, Madison\n\n\n1992, the parishes of St. Mary's and St. Michael's became one community of faith, with one priest, Father John Meyer, and two church buildings. Saturday night mass was held at St. Michael's for St. Michael's ‘parishioners,’ and on Sunday morning, mass was held at St. Mary's. In 1993, the area's two other Catholic Churches (St. Patrick's and St. Anthony's) were merged with St. Mary's-St. Michael's as well. St. Michael's had extensive roof damage", "id": "2385663" }, { "contents": "St. Michael's Church, Hildesheim\n\n\nin 1010 and dedicated the still unfinished building to Michael on the archangel's feast day, 29 September 1022, just a few weeks before his death. Construction, however, continued under his successor, Bishop Godehard (died 1038), who completed the work in 1031 and reconsecrated the church to Michael on September 29 of that year. The church has double choirs east and west, double tripartite transepts at either end of the nave, and six towers----two large ones over the crossings east and west, and four other tall and", "id": "721679" }, { "contents": "St. Augustine's Catholic Church (Napoleon, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Augustine's Catholic Church is a historic church in Napoleon, Ohio, United States. Located on the edge of the city's downtown, two blocks away from the Henry County Courthouse, the church is a prominent landmark in Napoleon. St. Augustine Parish was founded at some point between 1856 and 1858; its first priest was Michael Pietz. The parish was dedicated to St. Augustine in honor of Augustine Pilliod, who supervised the construction of its first building. This structure was replaced with the current church, which was built at", "id": "13450149" }, { "contents": "Saint Patrick's Church (Dubuque, Iowa)\n\n\nMcCabe was assigned as the first resident pastor. The cornerstone of the present brick church was laid in 1877, and the building dedicated on August 15, 1878. In 1928, the Rev. J.J. Hanley remodeled and enlarged the church. St. Patrick Church was originally built for service to the Irish settlers of Dubuque and while the parish has maintained a healthy respect for its Irish heritage over its many years of service, the parish now specializes in service to the Hispanic residents of Dubuque. The parish offers a Spanish Mass on Sundays,", "id": "20590874" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nsecond parish for German-speaking Catholics. In April 1869 the first bishop of Cleveland, Bishop Louis Amadeus Rappe, appointed Fr. Stephen Falk to have a two-story building built. The building would be used as a church on the upper level and a school on the lower level to accommodate the 200 families from St. Mary's that lived west of 44th Street. The newly ordained Fr. Casimir Reichlin became the first pastor and said the first Mass of the parish on May 1, 1870. He served as pastor", "id": "19215918" }, { "contents": "Immaculate Conception Catholic Church (Fulda, Ohio)\n\n\n. Construction began on a small church building under the ministry of the priest from Miltonsburg, and Archbishop Purcell of Cincinnati dedicated it in 1853. Ten years later, the parishioners constructed a parish school, and a rectory followed in 1866; its large size and pretentious architecture resulted in a high construction cost of $2,500. By this time, the original church building had become entirely inadequate for the needs of the congregation, and replacement plans were laid; the cornerstone was laid in May 1874, and Bishop Rosecrans of Columbus dedicated", "id": "19205436" }, { "contents": "St. Vitus's Church, Cleveland\n\n\nSt. Vitus is a parish of the Roman Catholic Church in Cleveland, Ohio, United States, in the Diocese of Cleveland. The parish church, located at 6019 Lausche Avenue in the St. Clair-Superior neighborhood, was completed in 1932. The first documented Slovenian to settle in the Cleveland area was Joseph Turk, who came about 1883, most likely from Carniola, and settled on Marble Avenue, near the steel mills. He helped organize the Catholic Slovenes in Cleveland, and requested that Bishop Richard Gilmour of Cleveland appoint a", "id": "916020" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Catholic Church (St. Patrick, Ohio)\n\n\nrectory in 1919 to house its pastor; before its construction, St. Patrick's was served by priests from St. Michael's Church in Fort Loramie to the southwest. In 1977, the church and rectory were recorded by the Ohio Historic Inventory for the purpose of historic preservation; both buildings were ranked in good condition without any significant risks. Two years later, they were listed together on the National Register of Historic Places, along with over thirty other buildings in the Land of the Cross-Tipped Churches. When these churches were", "id": "15760892" }, { "contents": "Cathedral of St Michael and St John\n\n\n. In that year work commenced on a permanent church building located on the corner of George and Keppel Streets. St Michael's Church was a Victorian Gothic style building constructed in brick. It was in use by 1841 but appears not to have been completed until 1846 when leadlight windows were installed. Bishop John Bede Polding (1794-1877), first Catholic Archbishop of Sydney, was interested in fostering the English Gothic style of architecture in his diocese. He arranged for plans for significant churches to be prepared by English architects including", "id": "17452035" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Cathedral, Thunder Bay\n\n\n. From there, St. Patrick's Church was one of many churches that was missioned to the First Nations in Northern Ontario, as well as St. Andrew's Church, which was handed over to the diocese in 1997. St. Patrick's was built in 1892, the same year as Thunder Bay was incorporated as a town. The foundation stone was laid on 10 October 1891, and the first Mass was celebrated on 21 August 1892. The Jesuit parish priests made plans for the construction of an elementary school later that decade.", "id": "14488629" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Catholic Church (Toledo, Ohio)\n\n\nfor use in a new building. Fr. Edward Hannin, pastor of St. Patrick's, set out to create \"the finest church in this part of the land,\" for his congregation and began to raise money for construction. When it was completed, St. Patrick's was considered one of the finest examples of Gothic Revival architecture in the United States. The exterior is constructed of Amherst blue sandstone and the interior contains ten red granite columns. The church was dedicated on April 13, 1901. The church underwent extensive", "id": "9145471" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Dayton, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Mary's Catholic Church is a historic Catholic church building in an eastern neighborhood of Dayton, Ohio, United States. Constructed at the beginning of the twentieth century, it remains home to an active parish. Its grand architecture has made it an aviator's landmark, and it has been named a historic site by the federal government. Emanuel Church, the first Catholic parish in Dayton, was formed in 1837. Many English-speaking families left to form a separate parish in 1846, but Emanuel continued growing to the point", "id": "19205373" }, { "contents": "Church of St. James the Less\n\n\nmission. Weekly celebration of Mass resumed on Sundays at 5:00 pm. The breakaway congregation now meets at the Holy Cross Catholic church and is known as the Church of Saint Michael the Archangel. During the controversy, the parish school closed circa 2006. As part of its mandate, Saint Mark's Church began a fundraising effort to open a new parish school to serve this local community. In 2009 and 2010, the St. Mark's congregation (together with St. Francis Episcopal Church in Potomac, Maryland) sponsored Vacation Bible School at", "id": "12322466" }, { "contents": "St. John's Evangelical Lutheran Church (Springfield, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. John's Evangelical Lutheran Church is a historic Lutheran church in downtown Springfield, Ohio, United States. Founded as a German-speaking parish in Springfield's early days, it grew rapidly during its first few decades, and its present large church building was constructed in the 1890s under the direction of one of Springfield's leading architects. The congregation remains in the landmark church building, which has been named a historic site. Springfield's first Lutheran congregation was organized in May 1841, and a separate group of German Lutherans began", "id": "18832000" }, { "contents": "St Michael and St John Church, Clitheroe\n\n\nGrade II listed building. In September 2008, the Jesuits handed the church over to the Diocese of Salford who continue to serve the parish. Two years later, the parish merged with St Mary Queen of Peace Church in Sabden to form the parish of Our Lady of the Valley. St Mary's was built in 1877 and it was made into a parish in 1909, so that the parishioners did not have to travel the sizeable distance to attend Mass in Clitheroe. The parish has two Sunday Masses at St Michael and St", "id": "5090732" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n. St. Paul's church building is one of just six Gothic Revival churches built in Cleveland during the 1870s that survived into the 1980s. At one time considered Cleveland's grandest and largest church, it is distinguished by the unusual architecture of the peak of the bell tower, and the open interior features extensive detailing, along with seating for one thousand worshippers. Covered with sandstone from Berea, the building was a work of Gordon W. Lloyd, a Detroit architect who also produced grand churches in Ohio cities of various sizes, ranging", "id": "19215903" }, { "contents": "St. Aloysius' Catholic Church (Carthagena, Ohio)\n\n\nerected in 1865. In their earliest years, the people worshipped in the chapel of the adjacent St. Charles Seminary. Throughout its history, the church has been significantly influenced by the seminary, which trained the priests of the Missionaries of the Precious Blood and provided pastors for the church. As its membership grew, the parish decided to construct a church building. Plans were laid and construction began in 1875; the cornerstone was laid in May 1877, and the church was consecrated on June 30, 1878; the parishioners had performed", "id": "20255448" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Church (Monroe, Michigan)\n\n\nto come. St. Michael Church is located along the River Raisin on West Front Street in the city of Monroe, MI. The 183 foot steeple isn't hard to miss. When you come into Monroe you can easily see St. Michael's A tradition at St. Michael Church is the parish prayer. It is said before the beginning of every mass. It reads: \"Lord, God, we glorify Your holy name and thank you for calling us, the people of Saint Michael the Archangel Parish, to be one in", "id": "12346363" }, { "contents": "St Michael and All Angels Church, Barton Turf\n\n\nSt Michael and All Angels is the Church of England parish church of Barton Turf in the county of Norfolk in England. See Inside here. It stands about a kilometre south-west of the village in the midst of a plantation of trees. Particularly notable for its surviving paintings, the church is listed with Grade I. The building was at first constructed in rather an undistinguished Perpendicular style, possessing a tower at the west end of the church. The church is best known for the twelve panels of its late-Gothic rood", "id": "15249529" }, { "contents": "St Michael and All Angels' Church, Haworth\n\n\nSt Michael and All Angels' Church is the Church of England parish church of Haworth, West Yorkshire. The current structure, the third church building on the site, was built between 1879 and 1881 although parts of the original medieval church building, notably the tower, survive from earlier periods. The church is best known for its historic association with the Brontë sisters whose father Revd. Patrick Brontë served as minister of the parish between 1820 and 1861. A chapel has existed on the site since 1488, though records held at", "id": "17201346" }, { "contents": "St. Peter Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Peter Church (), is a Catholic parish church in Cleveland, Ohio and part of the Diocese of Cleveland. Founded in , it is located at the intersection of Superior Ave. near East 17th St., in the Downtown neighborhood. The church is a longstanding city landmark; George Francis Houck, then the Chancellor, wrote in 1903 that, \"One of the landmarks of the city and Diocese of Cleveland is St. Peter's Church.\" It is listed as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. It is also a named", "id": "13925952" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Church (Monroe, Michigan)\n\n\n. It was used as a church on the first floor and on the second it was used for the school. Later it would only be used as St. Michael School. Then in 1866 the cornerstone for the present church was laid. The large 187 foot steeple wasn't added until 1883. In 1874 the 3-story rectory was built east of the church. In 1918 the parish built the present building of St. Michael School which is now a part of Monroe Catholic Elementary Schools. The movement to establish the parish started in 1845", "id": "12346356" }, { "contents": "St. Casimir Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nRichard Gilmour for permission to form a new parish and build a church for their own use. In December 1891, Monsignor Felix Boff, V.G., administrator of the diocese, granted the required permission. Those parishioners left to form St. Casimir Church in 1891. The parish was founded in 1891 — about 44 years after the Diocese of Cleveland was erected by Pope Pius IX. In December, 1891, Boff appointed Father Benedict Rosinski, pastor of St. Adalbert's, Berea, Ohio, to take charge of the mission. On", "id": "12488231" }, { "contents": "St James' Church, Forest Gate\n\n\nSt James' Church, Forest Gate was a church in Forest Gate, east London. Its origins lay in an iron building constructed around 1870 to serve a conventional district. A parish was formed for it in 1881 from those of Emmanuel Church, All Saints and St John's and its permanent church completed the following year, with an organ moved from St Matthew's Church, Friday Street. The church was demolished in 1964 and for two years its congregation worshiped in the Durning Hall Community Centre's chapel until the parish was", "id": "17208906" }, { "contents": "North Presbyterian Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nNorth Presbyterian Church is a historic Presbyterian church on the east side of Cleveland, Ohio, United States. Constructed in the 1880s, the church building has been named a historic site. Throughout its history, the congregation has been focused on Sunday school work. North Presbyterian Church developed out of a mission Sunday school established in east-side Cleveland in 1859. The local presbytery organized a congregation out of the Sunday school in 1867, and within a short while, the new congregation formed the first of two mission Sunday schools in", "id": "19215693" }, { "contents": "St. Vitus's Church, Cleveland\n\n\nVitus to work on the interior. It was finished for the centennial celebration of the parish later that year. St. Vitus remains a strong parish, but Fr. Božnar works with Bishop Lennon's programs to cluster parishes in order to increase strength for inner-city parishes. The church building of St. Vitus itself is constructed in the Lombard-Roman style with pale yellow Falston brick. It is 141 feet long and 100 feet wide with an attached parish house on its west side. Its two Romanesque bell towers reach 110 feet", "id": "916027" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Michael (St. Michael, Minnesota)\n\n\nof the church came from Saint John's Abbey in Collegeville. In 1866 a new church was built in the center of the town and served for about 25 years. In 1890 the parish built a Gothic Revival building, which was the largest church in Wright County at the time. The building features ornate statues and German woodcarvings. Although the parish had a mostly German ethnicity for many years, since 1985 the number of families in the parish doubled, and it no longer appears to be an ethnic parish. In 2004 the", "id": "1327870" }, { "contents": "St. Thomas Church (Underhill, Vermont)\n\n\nSt. Thomas Church is a Roman Catholic church in the Town of Underhill, Vermont in the United States, located in the unincorporated village of \"Underhill Center\". The church was built from 1891-92 after its predecessor had burned down on 19 December 1890. The cornerstone for the current St. Thomas Church building was laid on 12 August 1891 at an event that had an estimated 1,000 attendees. Although the construction period spanned from 1 May 1891 until December 1892, the first Mass was nevertheless held in the basement of the church", "id": "6739395" }, { "contents": "St. William Parish (Lawncrest)\n\n\n1950s and 60's, saw many changes come to the physical plant of the Parish that reflected the housing boom of the area, the economic upswing of the times and the growing parish population. Many of the original \"Motley Buildings\" were completely replaced. The Middle School (Junior High/Upper School) building was built and later an additional floor was added. When consideration was had for the completion of the Upper Church, it was found that the basement church was not structurally sufficient to support additional construction. In 1955", "id": "10364503" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Michael the Archangel, Katowice\n\n\nChurch of St. Michael Archangel () is one of the oldest buildings in Katowice. It's located in Kościuszko Park, where it was moved in 1938 from the village Syrynia, where it was originally constructed in 1510. It is under the invocation of St. Michael. It has end-fitted log framework construction and shingled roof. Free-standing belltower was completed before 1679; it has historic lych-gate and wooden fence around the churchyard. The church of St. Michael Archangel was first built in 1305 in Syrynia, near", "id": "21359049" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Catholic Church (St. Patrick, Ohio)\n\n\n's was closely connected to many other churches in western Ohio: wide areas of western Ohio that were primarily settled by Catholics feature large churches at sparsely-populated crossroads. While most of these churches are constructed in the Gothic Revival style of architecture, some of the newer churches of the region — including St. Patrick's — appear in a variety of styles; St. Patrick's was one of the few that lacked the high steeples of the Gothic Revival structures. The leading role of these churches in western Shelby County and the lands", "id": "15760890" }, { "contents": "St Michael's Roman Catholic Church, Linlithgow\n\n\nchildren the congregation capitalised on the spirit of cooperation and community and set out to build a school. Located on a site next to the church St. Joseph's school was opened on 1 July 1889 and served the children of the parish until 1964 when new premises were occupied at Preston Road. Although during this time Fr Easson had replaced Fr Murphy as parish priest there was no change of emphasis and all the parish energies were engaged in the effort to complete the church building programme. Plans to double the size of the church were", "id": "17679127" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Delaware, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Mary's Catholic Church is a historic Catholic parish church in the city of Delaware, Ohio, United States. Constructed in the 1880s, this grand building is home to a congregation established in the middle of the nineteenth century. Its grand style has long made it a community landmark, and it was named a historic landmark in 1980. Delaware's first Masses were celebrated by travelling priests in the homes of the city's few Catholics, most of whom were Irish or German immigrants. The members built the first St. Mary", "id": "2642749" }, { "contents": "Church of the Resurrection (Rye, New York)\n\n\nin 1881 at the intersection of Purchase Street and the Boston Post Road, where services were then offered. The parish was incorporated on January 29, 1886, and title to the property was transferred from the archdiocese to the parish itself. A new church building was completed in 1889 on Purchase Street, while the former building was used as the rectory. Thereafter, construction of a parochial school on the Boston Post Road began in 1906 and was completed two years later. With the number of parishioners growing, the church purchased land", "id": "19300829" }, { "contents": "Near North Side, Chicago\n\n\n, most of this area was an enclave to the first emigrants from Puerto Rico to Chicago, who referred to it as part of \"La Clark\" until commercialization decorated late 1960s shop signs with the name of Old Town. The neighborhood is home to St. Michael's Church, originally built to serve German immigrants, and one of only 7 to survive the great Chicago fire. St. Michael's, Holy Name Cathedral, Immaculate Conception, and St. Joseph's Catholic churches all catered to Latinos with a Mass in Spanish. Many", "id": "1540930" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Massillon, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Mary's Catholic Church is a historic Catholic church building in the city of Massillon, Ohio, United States. Constructed in 1876 for a congregation composed largely of European immigrants, it has been named a historic site. The origins of St. Mary parish lie among numerous Germans and Irish who settled in Massillon in its early years and built a small house of worship on Cherry Road in the 1840s. This building stood until 1875, when it was destroyed so that the present church might occupy its location; it was built in", "id": "19205828" }, { "contents": "St. Anne Church (Berlin, New Hampshire)\n\n\nSt. Anne Church is a historic church at 58 Church Street in Berlin, New Hampshire, United States. It is the church for Good Shepherd Parish within the Roman Catholic Diocese of Manchester. St. Anne Parish was founded in 1867, and was Berlin's first Roman Catholic congregation. It was merged with Guardian Angel Parish, St. Joseph Parish, and St. Kieran Parish in 2000 to form Good Shepherd Parish. Its building, constructed in 1900, is an important local example of Romanesque architecture, and was listed on the National Register", "id": "2452362" }, { "contents": "St. Peter Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n, put up by Luhr, was torn down and replaced by a large pastoral residence adjoining the rear of the church, at a cost of $12,000. In the same year a third story was added to St. Peter's school building, and arranged for a parish hall, containing a stage and other conveniences, at a cost of $10,000. In the synod of January 3, 1889, St. Peter's congregation was the first mentioned among the nine principal churches of the diocese which Gilmour named as rectorates, with an", "id": "13925965" }, { "contents": "Trinity Cathedral (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nfirst church building built within the village limits of Cleveland. In 1846, to meet the needs of a growing parish, plans for a larger, centralized building just east of Public Square commenced. The congregation moved into the larger stone structure in the Gothic style on Superior Avenue in 1855. In 1890, Trinity Church was offered to Bishop William A. Leonard for use as a cathedral for the Diocese of Ohio. The congregation would maintain the building and it would serve dual roles as the parish church and cathedral for the diocese.", "id": "19215933" }, { "contents": "St. Andrew's Cathedral (Jackson, Mississippi)\n\n\nat the time that was not located along the Mississippi River. Its church was burned by the Union Army during the American Civil War in 1863. The cornerstone for the second church was laid by the Rt. Rev. William Mercer Green in 1869. By the turn of the Twentieth Century the congregation had outgrown its church building and the present structure was completed in 1903. The Parish House was constructed between 1923 and 1924. The congregation continued to grow and the building along West Street was built in 1955. The bishop moved his", "id": "20556538" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Evansville, Indiana)\n\n\nservice in the first church building was held on April 15, 1883. While construction ensued, a congregant and frequent benefactor, Charles Viele, offered the use of Viele Hall (located on 2nd street between Main and Sycamore streets) to St. Paul's parish. The cornerstone for new St. Paul's was laid on September 3, 1883, and construction completed on March 2, 1886 with Bishop D.B. Knickerbacker consecrating the new building. Charles and Mary Viele continued to sponsor further construction on the church grounds - first with a rectory", "id": "20407572" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Church (Monroe, Michigan)\n\n\nSaint Michael the Archangel Church (St. Michael Church) is located on the west side of the city of Monroe, Michigan along the River Raisin. It is home to 1,200 families and it is one of most important religious institutes in Monroe County. It was founded in the year 1852. The present building was built from 1866-1867. It is in the Archdiocese of Detroit. Its current priest is Rev. Phillip Ching. When the parish was first established, the mayor of Monroe palatial residence was remodeled as a temporary church", "id": "12346355" }, { "contents": "St. Mary Congregational Church\n\n\nSt. Mary Congregational Church in Abbeville, Louisiana is the oldest incorporated, predominantly African-American church in Vermilion Parish. Its historic Gothic Revival style church at 213 S. Louisiana Avenue, constructed in 1905 to replace a previous building, was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1999. American Missionary Association records show the congregation dates to at least 1877. The structure is a three-bay, gable-fronted church with a prominent corner tower. The tower is three-stage and square. The church is currently non", "id": "17676536" }, { "contents": "St. Charles of the Valley Catholic Church and Rectory\n\n\nSt. Charles Borromeo Church is a Catholic parish in Hailey, Idaho, in the Diocese of Boise. Its historic parish church and rectory complex, located at Pine and S. 1st Streets, is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Fr. E.M. Nattini began ministering in the Wood River Valley in the 1880s. The population was growing rapidly, and he was soon able to raise funds for the construction of the first church of St. Charles, which began June 17, 1883. It was the first Catholic church ineast of", "id": "20581174" }, { "contents": "Sacred Heart Catholic Church (Dayton, Ohio)\n\n\nprompted some of the members to leave in July 1883 and establish Sacred Heart Church; under the leadership of St. Joseph's associate pastor Hugh McDevitt, the congregation rented a meeting hall while waiting for the construction of their building. Land for the present church was purchased for $19,000, and William Henry Elder laid the cornerstone in June 1888. Exterior work was completed in the following year, and by 1893 construction was close enough to completion that the congregation could begin worshipping in their building. The building was consecrated by Bishop Maes", "id": "22206155" }, { "contents": "St. Vincent de Paul Church (Pontiac, Michigan)\n\n\n. The church continued to grow, and in the 1880s, the Reverend Fridolin Baumgartner began raising funds for the construction of the present church. The congregation hired the Detroit architecture firm of Donaldson & Meier to design the church, and the cornerstone was laid on September 6, 1885. The church was dedicated two years later, on September 18, 1887. A 6600-pound bell was installed in the church in 1890. A rectory was constructed in 1895, a school building was added in 1897, and a parish hall in 1911", "id": "19268922" }, { "contents": "St. Boniface Roman Catholic Church\n\n\npopulation on the west side. In 1873, a two-story, red brick Italianate rectory building was built for the parish at a cost of $6,000. A stone church building was planned by the prominent local architect William M. Scott, and construction was completed in 1883 at a cost of $30,000. The parish was closed in 1989, and the building was demolished a few years later. St. Boniface Church was an eclectic example of Romanesque Revival and Ruskinian Gothic architecture. It was built in a cruciform shape from red", "id": "9736494" } ]

[ { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nchurch congregation reached its peak size in the 1950, when only 25% of the parishioners were of German descent. The first Spanish Mass was said in 1971 for the growing number of Hispanic parishioners. The congregation now is mostly Latin American. The church now offers Masses in both English and Spanish. An annual Good Friday Procession begins or ends at St. Michael's. St Michael's and La Sagrada Familia church alternate every year to begin or end at one of the two churches. There is a stop at St Patrick's", "id": "19125747" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nwhile the new building was under construction. The current church, which had its cornerstone laid in 1889, was completed five years ahead of schedule in 1892. The church building is considered a good example of High Victorian Gothic architecture with its two towers of unequal height, the taller of which rises , and three archways. An architecturally notable school adjacent to the church began construction in 1906 and was completed in 1907. For many years the church was one of the most costly and artistically notable churches in the Cleveland Diocese. The", "id": "19125746" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Michael the Archangel is a Roman Catholic church located at 3114 Scranton Road in the Clark-Fulton neighborhood on the west side of Cleveland, Ohio. The church is named in honor of St. Michael the Archangel and was completed in 1892. The congregation was founded in 1881 as a mission of Ohio City, Cleveland's St. Mary's on-the-Flats to serve a growing German immigrant population on Cleveland's west side. The original church and school building were constructed in 1883 but burned on June 29, 1891,", "id": "19125745" }, { "contents": "St. John's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n's. Trinity Cathedral is now the seat of the Episcopal Diocese of Ohio. St. John's was also the mother church to several of the west side parishes. In 1837, the Ohio City Directory described the church as follows, \"The Episcopal Church, which is not yet finished, is built of hammered stone, and has a lofty steeple. Its style of architecture is Gothic, resembling that of the ancient and venerable Cathedral. This building, when finished, will be one of the best of the kind in the", "id": "18742416" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cincinnati, Ohio)\n\n\n1847. The cornerstone was laid August 1, 1847 and the church dedicated June 4, 1848. Rev. Fr. Zoppoth was selected as the first pastor for the congregation. In 1868 St. Michael Church became the mother parish to St. Lawrence Church which was organized that same year. The Comboni Missionaries took charge of the parish in 1964. By this time many of the German-speaking families in the parish had begun to move to other parts of the city. In a mass celebrated by Daniel Edward Pilarczyk the church building was", "id": "11338583" }, { "contents": "St. Columba Cathedral (Youngstown, Ohio)\n\n\nThe first Mass celebrated in Youngstown occurred in 1826. St. Columba Parish was founded in 1847, the year that Pope Pius IX established the Diocese of Cleveland, of which Youngstown was a part. The first church was completed in 1850. As the parish grew, it required a larger church, which it completed in 1868. The first parish school building was opened three years later. The parish continued to grow and constructed yet another church which opened in 1897. Bishop Ignatius Horstmann consecrated the sanctuary in 1903. The parish added", "id": "13619245" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Stephen Church is a Roman Catholic church located in the Detroit-Shoreway neighborhood on the west side of Cleveland, Ohio. The gothic style building was designed by architects Cudell & Richardson. The current church was built in 1875 and was added into the National Register of Historic Places in 1977. St. Stephen Roman Catholic Church was founded in 1869 due to a need for a second German parish on the west side of Cleveland. The first German parish, St. Mary's, increased so much that Cleveland was in need of a", "id": "19215917" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cincinnati, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Michael the Archangel Church is a Roman Catholic church located at 2110 St. Michael Street, in Cincinnati, Ohio. The cornerstone of this church was laid in 1847 and the church dedicated a year later. The church closed April 5, 1998. As the tide of German immigrants continued to rise in Cincinnati, more churches were needed. Holy Trinity Church was the first German speaking parish. As the city grew in three directions; north, east and west; there were three parishes which descended from that parish Old St. Mary", "id": "11338581" }, { "contents": "St. John's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. John's Episcopal Church is located at 2600 Church Avenue in the Ohio City neighborhood of Cleveland, Ohio. St. John's is the oldest consecrated building in Cuyahoga county. This stone gothic revival church building was designed by Hezekiah Eldredge and built beginning in 1836 and was completed 1838. Eldridge was probably familiar with John Henry Hopkins' \"An Essay on Gothic Architecture\", the first book on Gothic ecclesiastical architecture to be published in the United States. St. John's is a good representative of a small group of American churches", "id": "18742414" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland Heights, Ohio)\n\n\nFairmount Blvd, it is a contributing property in the Fairmount Boulevard District, which is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. St. Paul's was first established in the city of Cleveland, Ohio on October 26, 1846. The congregation did not have its own building until 1851, as a frame building completed in 1849 burned completely. A small brick church in the Gothic Revival style was completed for the parish at Euclid and Sheriff (East 4th) Streets by 1858. St. Paul's congregation outgrew the church, however", "id": "18644038" }, { "contents": "Irvington, Baltimore\n\n\nPassion\", marking the beginning of St. Joseph's Monastery Parish. Construction of a new, larger church began in 1881 and was completed in 1883. Its cornerstone was placed by Cardinal James Gibbons. The original monastery, beside the church, burned down in 1883. A new monastery was completed in 1886. The monastery chapel is extant and contains an 1887 Niemann pipe organ. The congregation of St. Joseph's Monastery Parish outgrew their church building in the following century. In 1931, Archbishop Michael Joseph Curley placed the cornerstone for", "id": "5906170" }, { "contents": "St. Theodosius Russian Orthodox Cathedral\n\n\nSt. Theodosius Cathedral is an Orthodox church located on Starkweather Avenue in the Tremont neighborhood, on the near west side of Cleveland, Ohio. It is considered one of the best examples of Russian church architecture in the U.S. and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The parish is the first Orthodox parish in Cleveland and is currently under the jurisdiction of the Diocese of the Midwest of the Orthodox Church in America. St. Theodosius is perhaps best known for its appearance in the 1978 film, \"The Deer Hunter\" with", "id": "13141384" }, { "contents": "St. Casimir Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nBoth the church building and the school building are GNIS named features. The church building is listed as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. To provide properly for the large and steadily increasing number of Poles in the north-eastern part of Cleveland it was necessary to organize them into the third Polish congregation within the limits of the city. They lived too far away from St. Stanislaus Church, with which they had been affiliated, for them to conveniently either attend Mass or for their children to attend the parish school. They therefore petitioned Bishop", "id": "12488230" }, { "contents": "St. Henry's Catholic Church (Harriettsville, Ohio)\n\n\nChurch in Fulda in order to hear Mass. Virtually all of the members in the early decades were Germans or of German descent. A parish school was formed in the late 1870s, and in its first twenty years, the parish grew fourfold in membership. This growth caused the original church building to be too small: land for a new building was purchased in 1879, and construction finished in 1894. St. Henry's Church is a stone building in the Gothic Revival style; the most prominent component is a multi-story tower", "id": "19205430" }, { "contents": "St. Michael's Church, Old Town, Chicago\n\n\nSt. Michael's Church in the Old Town neighborhood of Chicago is a Roman Catholic church staffed by the Redemptorist order of priests. The parish was founded to minister to German Catholic immigrants in 1852 with its first wooden church completed that year at a cost of $750 (including the bell). The building stands at the intersection of Eugenie Street and Cleveland Avenue. The church was built as a haven for German immigrants who were outcasts in Old Chicago. In addition, the town's main church, St. Joseph's Church,", "id": "10838314" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cincinnati, Ohio)\n\n\n's Church, St. Philomena's Church and St. Joseph's Church. The three parishes were founded in 1840, 1846 and 1846 respectively. As more immigration followed, St. Michael's was founded, the first filial parish of St. Joseph. The parish was located to what was then called Storrs Township. Forty-five persons organized themselves into a congregation in the early part of 1847 and drew up a constitution for the church A lot was donated by Innocent Troenle and two additional adjacent pieces of property were bought in April and May", "id": "11338582" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Michael and St. Anthony\n\n\ntoday to mostly Poles and Italians. The church has also been noted for its Byzantine Revival architecture, complete with a dome and minaret-styled tower, making it \"one of the more unique examples of church architecture in Montréal.\" Construction on the Church of St. Michael the Archangel began in 1914, for what would grow to become the largest anglophone parish in Montreal. After a brief delay following the commencement of World War I, the church was completed in 1915 at a cost of $232,000, with a capacity of", "id": "10850773" }, { "contents": "Zion Lutheran Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nother Cleveland-area Lutheran congregations, including Trinity Lutheran Church, are Zion's daughters. The original church building was located downtown, but the east-side German community was strong enough by 1902 that the congregation deemed Prospect Avenue a better location for serving the community. From its earliest years, the congregation had sponsored a school; Zion Lutheran School was founded in 1848, at which time all scholars were instructed in German. The school moved to Prospect Avenue ahead of the church; the present building was completed in 1903,", "id": "19215937" }, { "contents": "St. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\non their behalf with papal authorities, and Charles Boehm of Hungary settled in Cleveland in late 1892 to serve the new St. Elizabeth parish, the first Hungarian nationality parish in America. Boehm immediately began registering members and advocating for the construction of a church complex; the first church building, a brick structure, was erected by the end of 1893, a school soon followed, and a larger school was completed in 1900 because of expanded enrollment. He also began a Hungarian-language parish newspaper that soon gained subscribers in other parts", "id": "19215854" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church, Madison\n\n\ndying Catholics (he was a doctor as well). Costigan is believed to have been the Catholic architect of the church. Costigan was only recorded as being a member of the parish during the construction, but details of the church building mirror his other buildings in Madison. In December 1839 St. Michael the Archangel Catholic Church was completed. As the City of Madison grew, so did its Catholic population. German–Catholics had increased highly in numbers and had formed a separate congregation within St. Michael's. In 1850, the", "id": "2385658" }, { "contents": "Pilgrim Congregational Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nonly a short time, as construction on the present building was started just 23 years after the first building was finished. The name \"Pilgrim Congregational Church\" was adopted in 1894 upon the completion of the present building; they had been styled \"Heights Congregational Church\" into the 1870s and used the name \"Jennings Avenue Congregational Church\" in the 1880s. The building was a community landmark from its earliest years — electric wiring was included in the original construction at a time when no other Cleveland buildings west of the Cuyahoga River", "id": "19215839" }, { "contents": "St. Monica Church (Manhattan)\n\n\nin 1880 he began conducting Mass over a feed store at 404 East 78th Street. The following year, he purchased land for the construction of the church and school. Construction of the first church building was completed in 1883. In 1892, the address was listed as 409 E 79th Street. The Rev. John J. Boyle served as acting rector at St. Monica's before becoming the founding pastor of St. Luke's Church (Bronx, New York). The current Gothic Revival church building was erected in 1906 to the designs of", "id": "18565781" }, { "contents": "Annunciation Church (historic) (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nAnnunciation Church (historic) (), was a Catholic parish church in Cleveland, Ohio and part of the Diocese of Cleveland. It was located at the intersection of Hurd St. and Moore St., now part of the West Side Market parking lot, in the Ohio City neighborhood. The location where the church once stood can be found, in an 1881 atlas, at the south-west corner of Hurd St. and Moore St., on the west bank of the Cuyahoga river above part of the Flats historically known as Ox", "id": "14549709" }, { "contents": "Sacred Heart of Jesus Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n. Between 1885 and 1889 a large number of Poles settled in South Cleveland, in the area of East 71st St. and Harvard Ave. They lived too far away from St. Stanislaus church for them to conveniently either attend Mass or for their children to attend the parish school. They petitioned Bishop Richard Gilmour for permission to form a new parish and build a church for their own use. The petition to form a new parish and build a church was granted, and the parish was founded in  — about 42 years after the Diocese", "id": "12287909" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland Heights, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Paul's Episcopal Church is a parish of the Episcopal Church in Cleveland Heights, Ohio. The current rector is the Rev. Jeanne Leinbach, installed on October 23, 2015. She is the first female rector of St. Paul's. Her predecessor was the Rev. Alan M. Gates, who served from 2004-2014, before his election as Bishop of Massachusetts. St. Paul's is a leading church and has the largest congregation in the Episcopal Diocese of Ohio. The church building is a Cleveland Heights landmark. Located at 2747", "id": "18644037" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nRev. Richard Gilmour. Volunteer German and Hungarian woodworkers completed the interior of the church. Over the next 40 years, the parish added a rectory, convent for the Sisters of Notre Dame and two school buildings including one for and an all girls two-year high school which opened in 1905. After World War II, St. Stephen's parish experienced unprecedented growth due to the population growth in Cleveland and throughout the country. On June 8, 1953 a tornado severely damaged the church structure. Work to restore the building began immediately", "id": "19215920" }, { "contents": "Cathedral of St. John the Evangelist (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nstyle and the Bishop laid the cornerstone October 22, 1848. Until the new building was completed in 1852, St. Mary's served as cathedral for the diocese. At the time of its completion, the new cathedral was the well beyond Cleveland's Public Square. Alterations and additions began on the church almost as soon as the initial construction was complete. In 1857, a boys' school was added and within ten years, it was joined by a parish hall and girls' school. In 1879, the parish raised sufficient", "id": "10656550" }, { "contents": "St. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nthe present building. Although the cornerstone was laid in 1918, the construction process was lengthy, and it was finally completed only in 1922. Built primarily of limestone, according to a design of Cleveland architect Emile Uhlrich, the church is an example of Italian-influenced Baroque Revival architecture, partly modelled after the church of Sant'Agnese in Agone in Rome. Two great towers, topped with cupolas, form the ends of the facade, while a great rose window sits in the middle section of the facade high above the main entrance", "id": "19215857" }, { "contents": "St. Nicholas' Catholic Church (Osgood, Ohio)\n\n\nnearby villages; St. Augustine's Church in Minster and St. Michael's Church in Fort Loramie were established by 1850, but the foundations of a parish in Osgood were not laid until 1904, and formal establishment of the parish came in 1906. In its earliest years, the Mass was celebrated in common buildings; after worshipping for a time in a school, the parishioners purchased a barn for ecclesiastical purposes. For many years, the improvement of the parish's facilities was hindered by its size; the fewness of its members meant", "id": "421917" }, { "contents": "Union–Miles Park\n\n\na congregation for African Americans, was founded 1914, and erected its first church building and school in 1916 at what is now Union Avenue and Martin Luther King Drive. The congregation that formed Archangel Michael Orthodox Church ( St. Michael's Orthodox Church) split from St. John the Baptist Orthodox Church in 1921. It began construction of its new church home at 10000 Union Avenue in April 1924, completing the structure in 1926. Although the long-standing Cataract House closed in 1917, the first Union–Miles Park movie theater,", "id": "20793486" }, { "contents": "St. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church is a historic Roman Catholic church in the Buckeye Road neighborhood on the east side of Cleveland, Ohio, United States. The earliest ethnic parish established for Hungarians in the United States, its present building was constructed in the early twentieth century, and it has been named a historic site. Cleveland's first Hungarian Catholics initially worshipped at St. Ladislaus' Church, an east-side Slovakian parish, but ethnic strife and increasing immigration prompted the Hungarian community to seek their own parish. Bishop Horstmann interceded", "id": "19215853" }, { "contents": "Sacred Heart of Jesus Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSacred Heart of Jesus (), was a Catholic parish church in Cleveland, Ohio and part of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland. It was located at the north-west corner of intersection of East 71st St. and Kazimier St., in a part of the South Broadway neighborhood previously known in Polish as \"\" and nicknamed \"Goosetown\". Both the church building and the school building are GNIS named features. The church, school, and rectory buildings are listed together as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. The church was closed", "id": "12287908" }, { "contents": "St. Mary Mother of the Redeemer Church (Norwalk, Ohio)\n\n\nSaint Mary Mother of the Redeemer Church is a parish in the Roman Catholic Diocese of Toledo. The current church is located at 38 W. League Street, Norwalk, Ohio. Construction on the building began on May 29, 1889, and was completed in 1894. The church was previously twinned with St. Alphonsus in Peru, Ohio, but was later twinned with St. Anthony in Milan, Ohio, after a mass restructuring of the diocese. The Century House was a name given to several buildings, now all demolished, within the", "id": "21671394" }, { "contents": "Pilgrim Congregational Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nPilgrim Congregational Church is a historic congregation of the United Church of Christ in Cleveland, Ohio, United States. Constructed in the 1890s for a congregation founded in the 1850s, it was named a historic site in the 1970s. Congregationalists began operating a Sunday school in Cleveland's Tremont neighborhood in 1854, and their efforts resulted in the creation of a church five years later. The members began construction of their first church building in 1865, although it was not completed until 1870. It was suitable for the congregation's needs for", "id": "19215838" }, { "contents": "Sidney Mason Stone\n\n\n; St. Patrick's Church, New Haven (1853) constructed of East Haven sandstone;First Congregational Church, Naugatuck, CT (1855) and Wooster Place Congregational Church, Wooster Square, New Haven (1855) (now the Church of St. Michael) the original design for which featured a Corinthian portico and tall steeple. In \"New Haven: A Guide to Architecture and Urban Design\", Brown remarks on St. Michael's, “The building has burned twice, the steeple blown down once...Only the side walls and tall", "id": "165241" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Dayton, Ohio)\n\n\ncentury, the parish had outgrown it, and construction began on a new building; Archbishop Moeller laid the cornerstone in July 1905 and consecrated it in November 1906. Growth continued, and St. Anthony's Church was established in 1913 by families coming out of St. Mary's. St. Mary's remains an active part of the Archdiocese of Cincinnati to the present day. Masses are celebrated both in English and in Spanish. The current St. Mary's Church is a Romanesque Revival structure built in a mix of brick and stone. Constructed", "id": "19205375" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Indianapolis, Indiana)\n\n\nuntil the Diocese of Indianapolis established Holy Rosary Catholic Church, an Italian national parish in Indianapolis in 1911. After the turn of the century, when the neighborhood become commercial, the parish purchased property at New Jersey and Vermont streets, where they built the present church, which was under construction from 1910 to 1912. St. Mary's adapted to its changing ethnic neighborhood over the years. In 1967, as the city's Spanish-speaking community began to grow, the parish began offering Sunday mass in Spanish. German-language", "id": "3660949" }, { "contents": "St. John's Catholic Church (Fryburg, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. John Catholic Church is a Roman Catholic church in the unincorporated community of Fryburg in Pusheta Township, Auglaize County, Ohio, United States. The parish was established in 1848, the same year in which the community was platted, and construction was completed in 1850. A Catholic school in connection with the church was established in 1877. Both buildings feature fine architecture: the church includes Gothic Revival elements such as ornate pilasters and lancet windows, while the former school is a good example of Federal architecture. St. John's is", "id": "11283325" }, { "contents": "St. Augustine Parish (Hartford, Connecticut)\n\n\nSt. Augustine Parish is a Roman Catholic parish located in Hartford, Connecticut. In addition to a church, the parish also administers a school, St. Augustine School. St. Augustine Parish was established in August 1902 with Fr. Michael Barry appointed as its first pastor. At that time, a church building had not yet been constructed so mass was offered at the Washington Street School until a basement chapel was completed in 1903. The current Romanesque-style church was completed in 1912 and dedicated by Bishop John J. Nilan of the then", "id": "21104070" }, { "contents": "Zion Lutheran Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nFirst Methodist, Trinity Cathedral, and St. Paul's Episcopal Church on Euclid Avenue. This condition persisted into the mid-1910s, at which point the neighborhood transitioned into a largely commercial area. Beginning after 1930, the neighborhood deteriorated as many buildings were demolished, often to create room for parking lots. In such an environment Zion Lutheran Church was constructed in 1902 and opened for public use in the following year. It is home to a congregation founded by German immigrants in 1843, the oldest extant Lutheran congregation in the city; many", "id": "19215936" }, { "contents": "Church of St Paul, Letchworth\n\n\nallow construction of the new church to begin, with the foundation stone being laid on 10 October 1923 by the Marchioness of Salisbury. Work on the first section of the building was completed including three and a half bays of the nave with arcades at the sides. This first section was consecrated by Michael Furse, the Bishop of St Albans on 3 May 1924. A tower was intended but was never built. By 1924 the church was becoming too small for its growing congregation and work on an extension began in early 1931,", "id": "1720772" }, { "contents": "Basilica of the Sacred Heart of Jesus, Syracuse\n\n\noriginal church was located across the street from the current structure. The first Mass in the new parish church was said on August 30, 1892, with the formal dedication taking place nearly a year later on June 11, 1893. The congregation outgrew the first church within a decade, and a decision was made to construct a new church. The foundations were built by parishioners in order to save money, and the cornerstone was laid in 1907. Work was completed in three years, and the church was completed and dedicated on", "id": "4119395" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n, side altars and pulpit are made entirely of oak wood and decorated with beautiful German woodcarvings. The church pews are also oak. A Mexican onyx and brass Communion rail was installed over the years and the floor of the sanctuary and aisles is made of black and white marble tiles. St. Stephen's is a fully active Roman Catholic Parish in the Diocese of Cleveland. This means that they have a full parish staff and church council. They have regular Sunday Masses as well as daily Masses. German Mass is offered every first", "id": "19215923" }, { "contents": "Roncesvalles, Toronto\n\n\nWomenpriests at the church. St. Casimir's Polish Roman Catholic Church at Garden Avenue, offers Polish masses on Sundays. Its origins begin in 1944 when the Oblate Mission decided to create the third Polish parish (and first in the west end) in Toronto. The lot on which the church stands today was purchased for $15,000 in 1948 and construction on the parish hall began the same year. The first mass was held in the church hall in 1949. The church was completed and officially began offering mass on May 23,", "id": "3040916" }, { "contents": "Rajavoor\n\n\nSt. Michael's Shrine which is located at the center part of Rajavoor. The annual feast starts on the first Friday of May with a flag hoisting followed by a ten-day Mass and adoration. The eighth, ninth and tenth days are marked with a car procession to St. Michael Archangel, carnival ended with High Mass in front of the Holy Cars. The Roman Catholics and parish are administered by the Kottar Diocese. Another notable church, Our Lady of Presentation (Kaanikkai Maathaa) Church is attached to the Rajavoor Parish as", "id": "4595849" }, { "contents": "Transfiguration Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nBaptist Church in the nearby suburb of Garfield Heights, Ohio, which had a large, new structure. In April 1943, Trinity Baptist Church sold its building to the Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland for $35,000 ($ in dollars). The Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland erected Transfiguration Parish on July 30, 1943. The parish was divided from nearby Immaculate Heart of Mary Church and Shrine Church of St. Stanislaus parishes. Reverend Joseph F. Zabawa was named the pastor of the new congregation, which took up residence in the Trinity", "id": "20542089" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Augustine (Larchmont, New York)\n\n\nThe Church of St. Augustine is a Roman Catholic church located in Larchmont, New York. The parish having been founded in 1892, the present Gothic Revival church building was constructed in 1928. With a growing number of Catholics living in Larchmont, New York—many of them domestic servants who attended Blessed Sacrament Church in New Rochelle or Most Holy Trinity Church in Mamaroneck—the Archbishop of New York, Michael Corrigan, created the parish of St. Augustine was created in 1892. The decision to establish a parish was motivated in part", "id": "19300736" }, { "contents": "St. Barbara Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Barbara Catholic Church () is a parish of the Roman Catholic Church in Cleveland, Ohio, within the Diocese of Cleveland. The parish church is located on Denison Ave. between West 16th St. and the southbound entrance to SR 176, in a part of the Brooklyn Centre neighborhood previously known in Polish as . The red brick parish church, designed by H.C. Gabele, is a local landmark. It is a GNIS named feature. The church, rectory and convent buildings are listed together as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. The", "id": "13695356" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\ntwo years the parishioners worshipped in a hotel before constructing a building at Fourth and Euclid downtown. A fire destroyed the structure before it was completed, but people throughout the city contributed funds to build a brick replacement in 1851. By the 1870s, the streets surrounding the church had become primarily commercial, so the vestry sold the building and rented halls while building the present church eastward on Euclid Avenue. Its placement amid the wealthy Millionaire's Row district soon caused it to become a symbol of the neighborhood. However, the membership", "id": "19215901" }, { "contents": "St Michael the Archangel Church, Chatham\n\n\nHeart Church in Luton. St Paulinus Church was built in 1788 as a Wesleyan Chapel. In 1892, it was bought by the local Catholic Church. Sacred Heart Church was built in 1949. On 26 June 1949, its foundation stone was laid by the parish priest of St Michael's Church. St Paulinus Church has one Sunday Mass at 9:00am. Sacred Heart Church also has one Sunday Mass, it is at 10:30am. St Michael's Church has four Sunday Masses: 6:30pm on Saturday and 9:30am, 11:00am and 6:00pm on", "id": "19228802" }, { "contents": "St Michael and All Angels Church, Kingaroy\n\n\n's construction. Architect Colin Deighton, who was assistant to John Hingeston Buckeridge, the Anglican Diocese of Brisbane Architect between 1887 and 1901, designed the church. Deighton designed a number of country churches and St Colomb's Anglican Church at Clayfield in Brisbane. The foundation stone of St Michael and All Angels Church was laid on 10 November 1910 by the Venerable Arthur Rivers, Archdeacon of Toowoomba. Construction of the building, which was to seat 250 worshippers, began in December 1910 and was completed in 1911. Its cost, including", "id": "3972006" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Catholic Church (Chicago)\n\n\nSt. Michael () is a church of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Chicago. The current church is located at E. 83rd Street and S. South Shore Drive in South Chicago, a neighborhood of Chicago, Illinois. It is a prime example of the so-called \"Polish Cathedral style\" of churches in both its opulence and grand scale. Along with Immaculate Conception, it is one of the two monumental Polish churches dominating over the South Chicago neighborhood. Founded in 1892 as a Polish parish in Chicago to relieve overcrowding at Immaculate", "id": "20616064" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nof St. Stephen's for 38 years. In 1873, Fr. Reichlin realized that a new church building was needed to accommodate the growing parish. The Cleveland-based architect firm called Cudell & Richardson was hired to build the structure that still stands today as St. Stephen's Roman Catholic Church. Due to economic depression in the mid-1870s, work on the new building was stopped. Parishioners mortgaged their own properties to raise funds for the new church. It was dedicated on November 20, 1881 by the second bishop of Cleveland,", "id": "19215919" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church, Madison\n\n\n1992, the parishes of St. Mary's and St. Michael's became one community of faith, with one priest, Father John Meyer, and two church buildings. Saturday night mass was held at St. Michael's for St. Michael's ‘parishioners,’ and on Sunday morning, mass was held at St. Mary's. In 1993, the area's two other Catholic Churches (St. Patrick's and St. Anthony's) were merged with St. Mary's-St. Michael's as well. St. Michael's had extensive roof damage", "id": "2385663" }, { "contents": "St. Michael's Church, Hildesheim\n\n\nin 1010 and dedicated the still unfinished building to Michael on the archangel's feast day, 29 September 1022, just a few weeks before his death. Construction, however, continued under his successor, Bishop Godehard (died 1038), who completed the work in 1031 and reconsecrated the church to Michael on September 29 of that year. The church has double choirs east and west, double tripartite transepts at either end of the nave, and six towers----two large ones over the crossings east and west, and four other tall and", "id": "721679" }, { "contents": "St. Augustine's Catholic Church (Napoleon, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Augustine's Catholic Church is a historic church in Napoleon, Ohio, United States. Located on the edge of the city's downtown, two blocks away from the Henry County Courthouse, the church is a prominent landmark in Napoleon. St. Augustine Parish was founded at some point between 1856 and 1858; its first priest was Michael Pietz. The parish was dedicated to St. Augustine in honor of Augustine Pilliod, who supervised the construction of its first building. This structure was replaced with the current church, which was built at", "id": "13450149" }, { "contents": "Saint Patrick's Church (Dubuque, Iowa)\n\n\nMcCabe was assigned as the first resident pastor. The cornerstone of the present brick church was laid in 1877, and the building dedicated on August 15, 1878. In 1928, the Rev. J.J. Hanley remodeled and enlarged the church. St. Patrick Church was originally built for service to the Irish settlers of Dubuque and while the parish has maintained a healthy respect for its Irish heritage over its many years of service, the parish now specializes in service to the Hispanic residents of Dubuque. The parish offers a Spanish Mass on Sundays,", "id": "20590874" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nsecond parish for German-speaking Catholics. In April 1869 the first bishop of Cleveland, Bishop Louis Amadeus Rappe, appointed Fr. Stephen Falk to have a two-story building built. The building would be used as a church on the upper level and a school on the lower level to accommodate the 200 families from St. Mary's that lived west of 44th Street. The newly ordained Fr. Casimir Reichlin became the first pastor and said the first Mass of the parish on May 1, 1870. He served as pastor", "id": "19215918" }, { "contents": "Immaculate Conception Catholic Church (Fulda, Ohio)\n\n\n. Construction began on a small church building under the ministry of the priest from Miltonsburg, and Archbishop Purcell of Cincinnati dedicated it in 1853. Ten years later, the parishioners constructed a parish school, and a rectory followed in 1866; its large size and pretentious architecture resulted in a high construction cost of $2,500. By this time, the original church building had become entirely inadequate for the needs of the congregation, and replacement plans were laid; the cornerstone was laid in May 1874, and Bishop Rosecrans of Columbus dedicated", "id": "19205436" }, { "contents": "St. Vitus's Church, Cleveland\n\n\nSt. Vitus is a parish of the Roman Catholic Church in Cleveland, Ohio, United States, in the Diocese of Cleveland. The parish church, located at 6019 Lausche Avenue in the St. Clair-Superior neighborhood, was completed in 1932. The first documented Slovenian to settle in the Cleveland area was Joseph Turk, who came about 1883, most likely from Carniola, and settled on Marble Avenue, near the steel mills. He helped organize the Catholic Slovenes in Cleveland, and requested that Bishop Richard Gilmour of Cleveland appoint a", "id": "916020" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Catholic Church (St. Patrick, Ohio)\n\n\nrectory in 1919 to house its pastor; before its construction, St. Patrick's was served by priests from St. Michael's Church in Fort Loramie to the southwest. In 1977, the church and rectory were recorded by the Ohio Historic Inventory for the purpose of historic preservation; both buildings were ranked in good condition without any significant risks. Two years later, they were listed together on the National Register of Historic Places, along with over thirty other buildings in the Land of the Cross-Tipped Churches. When these churches were", "id": "15760892" }, { "contents": "Cathedral of St Michael and St John\n\n\n. In that year work commenced on a permanent church building located on the corner of George and Keppel Streets. St Michael's Church was a Victorian Gothic style building constructed in brick. It was in use by 1841 but appears not to have been completed until 1846 when leadlight windows were installed. Bishop John Bede Polding (1794-1877), first Catholic Archbishop of Sydney, was interested in fostering the English Gothic style of architecture in his diocese. He arranged for plans for significant churches to be prepared by English architects including", "id": "17452035" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Cathedral, Thunder Bay\n\n\n. From there, St. Patrick's Church was one of many churches that was missioned to the First Nations in Northern Ontario, as well as St. Andrew's Church, which was handed over to the diocese in 1997. St. Patrick's was built in 1892, the same year as Thunder Bay was incorporated as a town. The foundation stone was laid on 10 October 1891, and the first Mass was celebrated on 21 August 1892. The Jesuit parish priests made plans for the construction of an elementary school later that decade.", "id": "14488629" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Catholic Church (Toledo, Ohio)\n\n\nfor use in a new building. Fr. Edward Hannin, pastor of St. Patrick's, set out to create \"the finest church in this part of the land,\" for his congregation and began to raise money for construction. When it was completed, St. Patrick's was considered one of the finest examples of Gothic Revival architecture in the United States. The exterior is constructed of Amherst blue sandstone and the interior contains ten red granite columns. The church was dedicated on April 13, 1901. The church underwent extensive", "id": "9145471" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Dayton, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Mary's Catholic Church is a historic Catholic church building in an eastern neighborhood of Dayton, Ohio, United States. Constructed at the beginning of the twentieth century, it remains home to an active parish. Its grand architecture has made it an aviator's landmark, and it has been named a historic site by the federal government. Emanuel Church, the first Catholic parish in Dayton, was formed in 1837. Many English-speaking families left to form a separate parish in 1846, but Emanuel continued growing to the point", "id": "19205373" }, { "contents": "Church of St. James the Less\n\n\nmission. Weekly celebration of Mass resumed on Sundays at 5:00 pm. The breakaway congregation now meets at the Holy Cross Catholic church and is known as the Church of Saint Michael the Archangel. During the controversy, the parish school closed circa 2006. As part of its mandate, Saint Mark's Church began a fundraising effort to open a new parish school to serve this local community. In 2009 and 2010, the St. Mark's congregation (together with St. Francis Episcopal Church in Potomac, Maryland) sponsored Vacation Bible School at", "id": "12322466" }, { "contents": "St. John's Evangelical Lutheran Church (Springfield, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. John's Evangelical Lutheran Church is a historic Lutheran church in downtown Springfield, Ohio, United States. Founded as a German-speaking parish in Springfield's early days, it grew rapidly during its first few decades, and its present large church building was constructed in the 1890s under the direction of one of Springfield's leading architects. The congregation remains in the landmark church building, which has been named a historic site. Springfield's first Lutheran congregation was organized in May 1841, and a separate group of German Lutherans began", "id": "18832000" }, { "contents": "St Michael and St John Church, Clitheroe\n\n\nGrade II listed building. In September 2008, the Jesuits handed the church over to the Diocese of Salford who continue to serve the parish. Two years later, the parish merged with St Mary Queen of Peace Church in Sabden to form the parish of Our Lady of the Valley. St Mary's was built in 1877 and it was made into a parish in 1909, so that the parishioners did not have to travel the sizeable distance to attend Mass in Clitheroe. The parish has two Sunday Masses at St Michael and St", "id": "5090732" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n. St. Paul's church building is one of just six Gothic Revival churches built in Cleveland during the 1870s that survived into the 1980s. At one time considered Cleveland's grandest and largest church, it is distinguished by the unusual architecture of the peak of the bell tower, and the open interior features extensive detailing, along with seating for one thousand worshippers. Covered with sandstone from Berea, the building was a work of Gordon W. Lloyd, a Detroit architect who also produced grand churches in Ohio cities of various sizes, ranging", "id": "19215903" }, { "contents": "St. Aloysius' Catholic Church (Carthagena, Ohio)\n\n\nerected in 1865. In their earliest years, the people worshipped in the chapel of the adjacent St. Charles Seminary. Throughout its history, the church has been significantly influenced by the seminary, which trained the priests of the Missionaries of the Precious Blood and provided pastors for the church. As its membership grew, the parish decided to construct a church building. Plans were laid and construction began in 1875; the cornerstone was laid in May 1877, and the church was consecrated on June 30, 1878; the parishioners had performed", "id": "20255448" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Church (Monroe, Michigan)\n\n\nto come. St. Michael Church is located along the River Raisin on West Front Street in the city of Monroe, MI. The 183 foot steeple isn't hard to miss. When you come into Monroe you can easily see St. Michael's A tradition at St. Michael Church is the parish prayer. It is said before the beginning of every mass. It reads: \"Lord, God, we glorify Your holy name and thank you for calling us, the people of Saint Michael the Archangel Parish, to be one in", "id": "12346363" }, { "contents": "St Michael and All Angels Church, Barton Turf\n\n\nSt Michael and All Angels is the Church of England parish church of Barton Turf in the county of Norfolk in England. See Inside here. It stands about a kilometre south-west of the village in the midst of a plantation of trees. Particularly notable for its surviving paintings, the church is listed with Grade I. The building was at first constructed in rather an undistinguished Perpendicular style, possessing a tower at the west end of the church. The church is best known for the twelve panels of its late-Gothic rood", "id": "15249529" }, { "contents": "St Michael and All Angels' Church, Haworth\n\n\nSt Michael and All Angels' Church is the Church of England parish church of Haworth, West Yorkshire. The current structure, the third church building on the site, was built between 1879 and 1881 although parts of the original medieval church building, notably the tower, survive from earlier periods. The church is best known for its historic association with the Brontë sisters whose father Revd. Patrick Brontë served as minister of the parish between 1820 and 1861. A chapel has existed on the site since 1488, though records held at", "id": "17201346" }, { "contents": "St. Peter Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Peter Church (), is a Catholic parish church in Cleveland, Ohio and part of the Diocese of Cleveland. Founded in , it is located at the intersection of Superior Ave. near East 17th St., in the Downtown neighborhood. The church is a longstanding city landmark; George Francis Houck, then the Chancellor, wrote in 1903 that, \"One of the landmarks of the city and Diocese of Cleveland is St. Peter's Church.\" It is listed as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. It is also a named", "id": "13925952" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Church (Monroe, Michigan)\n\n\n. It was used as a church on the first floor and on the second it was used for the school. Later it would only be used as St. Michael School. Then in 1866 the cornerstone for the present church was laid. The large 187 foot steeple wasn't added until 1883. In 1874 the 3-story rectory was built east of the church. In 1918 the parish built the present building of St. Michael School which is now a part of Monroe Catholic Elementary Schools. The movement to establish the parish started in 1845", "id": "12346356" }, { "contents": "St. Casimir Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nRichard Gilmour for permission to form a new parish and build a church for their own use. In December 1891, Monsignor Felix Boff, V.G., administrator of the diocese, granted the required permission. Those parishioners left to form St. Casimir Church in 1891. The parish was founded in 1891 — about 44 years after the Diocese of Cleveland was erected by Pope Pius IX. In December, 1891, Boff appointed Father Benedict Rosinski, pastor of St. Adalbert's, Berea, Ohio, to take charge of the mission. On", "id": "12488231" }, { "contents": "St James' Church, Forest Gate\n\n\nSt James' Church, Forest Gate was a church in Forest Gate, east London. Its origins lay in an iron building constructed around 1870 to serve a conventional district. A parish was formed for it in 1881 from those of Emmanuel Church, All Saints and St John's and its permanent church completed the following year, with an organ moved from St Matthew's Church, Friday Street. The church was demolished in 1964 and for two years its congregation worshiped in the Durning Hall Community Centre's chapel until the parish was", "id": "17208906" }, { "contents": "North Presbyterian Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nNorth Presbyterian Church is a historic Presbyterian church on the east side of Cleveland, Ohio, United States. Constructed in the 1880s, the church building has been named a historic site. Throughout its history, the congregation has been focused on Sunday school work. North Presbyterian Church developed out of a mission Sunday school established in east-side Cleveland in 1859. The local presbytery organized a congregation out of the Sunday school in 1867, and within a short while, the new congregation formed the first of two mission Sunday schools in", "id": "19215693" }, { "contents": "St. Vitus's Church, Cleveland\n\n\nVitus to work on the interior. It was finished for the centennial celebration of the parish later that year. St. Vitus remains a strong parish, but Fr. Božnar works with Bishop Lennon's programs to cluster parishes in order to increase strength for inner-city parishes. The church building of St. Vitus itself is constructed in the Lombard-Roman style with pale yellow Falston brick. It is 141 feet long and 100 feet wide with an attached parish house on its west side. Its two Romanesque bell towers reach 110 feet", "id": "916027" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Michael (St. Michael, Minnesota)\n\n\nof the church came from Saint John's Abbey in Collegeville. In 1866 a new church was built in the center of the town and served for about 25 years. In 1890 the parish built a Gothic Revival building, which was the largest church in Wright County at the time. The building features ornate statues and German woodcarvings. Although the parish had a mostly German ethnicity for many years, since 1985 the number of families in the parish doubled, and it no longer appears to be an ethnic parish. In 2004 the", "id": "1327870" }, { "contents": "St. Thomas Church (Underhill, Vermont)\n\n\nSt. Thomas Church is a Roman Catholic church in the Town of Underhill, Vermont in the United States, located in the unincorporated village of \"Underhill Center\". The church was built from 1891-92 after its predecessor had burned down on 19 December 1890. The cornerstone for the current St. Thomas Church building was laid on 12 August 1891 at an event that had an estimated 1,000 attendees. Although the construction period spanned from 1 May 1891 until December 1892, the first Mass was nevertheless held in the basement of the church", "id": "6739395" }, { "contents": "St. William Parish (Lawncrest)\n\n\n1950s and 60's, saw many changes come to the physical plant of the Parish that reflected the housing boom of the area, the economic upswing of the times and the growing parish population. Many of the original \"Motley Buildings\" were completely replaced. The Middle School (Junior High/Upper School) building was built and later an additional floor was added. When consideration was had for the completion of the Upper Church, it was found that the basement church was not structurally sufficient to support additional construction. In 1955", "id": "10364503" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Michael the Archangel, Katowice\n\n\nChurch of St. Michael Archangel () is one of the oldest buildings in Katowice. It's located in Kościuszko Park, where it was moved in 1938 from the village Syrynia, where it was originally constructed in 1510. It is under the invocation of St. Michael. It has end-fitted log framework construction and shingled roof. Free-standing belltower was completed before 1679; it has historic lych-gate and wooden fence around the churchyard. The church of St. Michael Archangel was first built in 1305 in Syrynia, near", "id": "21359049" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Catholic Church (St. Patrick, Ohio)\n\n\n's was closely connected to many other churches in western Ohio: wide areas of western Ohio that were primarily settled by Catholics feature large churches at sparsely-populated crossroads. While most of these churches are constructed in the Gothic Revival style of architecture, some of the newer churches of the region — including St. Patrick's — appear in a variety of styles; St. Patrick's was one of the few that lacked the high steeples of the Gothic Revival structures. The leading role of these churches in western Shelby County and the lands", "id": "15760890" }, { "contents": "St Michael's Roman Catholic Church, Linlithgow\n\n\nchildren the congregation capitalised on the spirit of cooperation and community and set out to build a school. Located on a site next to the church St. Joseph's school was opened on 1 July 1889 and served the children of the parish until 1964 when new premises were occupied at Preston Road. Although during this time Fr Easson had replaced Fr Murphy as parish priest there was no change of emphasis and all the parish energies were engaged in the effort to complete the church building programme. Plans to double the size of the church were", "id": "17679127" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Delaware, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Mary's Catholic Church is a historic Catholic parish church in the city of Delaware, Ohio, United States. Constructed in the 1880s, this grand building is home to a congregation established in the middle of the nineteenth century. Its grand style has long made it a community landmark, and it was named a historic landmark in 1980. Delaware's first Masses were celebrated by travelling priests in the homes of the city's few Catholics, most of whom were Irish or German immigrants. The members built the first St. Mary", "id": "2642749" }, { "contents": "Church of the Resurrection (Rye, New York)\n\n\nin 1881 at the intersection of Purchase Street and the Boston Post Road, where services were then offered. The parish was incorporated on January 29, 1886, and title to the property was transferred from the archdiocese to the parish itself. A new church building was completed in 1889 on Purchase Street, while the former building was used as the rectory. Thereafter, construction of a parochial school on the Boston Post Road began in 1906 and was completed two years later. With the number of parishioners growing, the church purchased land", "id": "19300829" }, { "contents": "Near North Side, Chicago\n\n\n, most of this area was an enclave to the first emigrants from Puerto Rico to Chicago, who referred to it as part of \"La Clark\" until commercialization decorated late 1960s shop signs with the name of Old Town. The neighborhood is home to St. Michael's Church, originally built to serve German immigrants, and one of only 7 to survive the great Chicago fire. St. Michael's, Holy Name Cathedral, Immaculate Conception, and St. Joseph's Catholic churches all catered to Latinos with a Mass in Spanish. Many", "id": "1540930" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Massillon, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Mary's Catholic Church is a historic Catholic church building in the city of Massillon, Ohio, United States. Constructed in 1876 for a congregation composed largely of European immigrants, it has been named a historic site. The origins of St. Mary parish lie among numerous Germans and Irish who settled in Massillon in its early years and built a small house of worship on Cherry Road in the 1840s. This building stood until 1875, when it was destroyed so that the present church might occupy its location; it was built in", "id": "19205828" }, { "contents": "St. Anne Church (Berlin, New Hampshire)\n\n\nSt. Anne Church is a historic church at 58 Church Street in Berlin, New Hampshire, United States. It is the church for Good Shepherd Parish within the Roman Catholic Diocese of Manchester. St. Anne Parish was founded in 1867, and was Berlin's first Roman Catholic congregation. It was merged with Guardian Angel Parish, St. Joseph Parish, and St. Kieran Parish in 2000 to form Good Shepherd Parish. Its building, constructed in 1900, is an important local example of Romanesque architecture, and was listed on the National Register", "id": "2452362" }, { "contents": "St. Peter Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n, put up by Luhr, was torn down and replaced by a large pastoral residence adjoining the rear of the church, at a cost of $12,000. In the same year a third story was added to St. Peter's school building, and arranged for a parish hall, containing a stage and other conveniences, at a cost of $10,000. In the synod of January 3, 1889, St. Peter's congregation was the first mentioned among the nine principal churches of the diocese which Gilmour named as rectorates, with an", "id": "13925965" }, { "contents": "Trinity Cathedral (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nfirst church building built within the village limits of Cleveland. In 1846, to meet the needs of a growing parish, plans for a larger, centralized building just east of Public Square commenced. The congregation moved into the larger stone structure in the Gothic style on Superior Avenue in 1855. In 1890, Trinity Church was offered to Bishop William A. Leonard for use as a cathedral for the Diocese of Ohio. The congregation would maintain the building and it would serve dual roles as the parish church and cathedral for the diocese.", "id": "19215933" }, { "contents": "St. Andrew's Cathedral (Jackson, Mississippi)\n\n\nat the time that was not located along the Mississippi River. Its church was burned by the Union Army during the American Civil War in 1863. The cornerstone for the second church was laid by the Rt. Rev. William Mercer Green in 1869. By the turn of the Twentieth Century the congregation had outgrown its church building and the present structure was completed in 1903. The Parish House was constructed between 1923 and 1924. The congregation continued to grow and the building along West Street was built in 1955. The bishop moved his", "id": "20556538" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Evansville, Indiana)\n\n\nservice in the first church building was held on April 15, 1883. While construction ensued, a congregant and frequent benefactor, Charles Viele, offered the use of Viele Hall (located on 2nd street between Main and Sycamore streets) to St. Paul's parish. The cornerstone for new St. Paul's was laid on September 3, 1883, and construction completed on March 2, 1886 with Bishop D.B. Knickerbacker consecrating the new building. Charles and Mary Viele continued to sponsor further construction on the church grounds - first with a rectory", "id": "20407572" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Church (Monroe, Michigan)\n\n\nSaint Michael the Archangel Church (St. Michael Church) is located on the west side of the city of Monroe, Michigan along the River Raisin. It is home to 1,200 families and it is one of most important religious institutes in Monroe County. It was founded in the year 1852. The present building was built from 1866-1867. It is in the Archdiocese of Detroit. Its current priest is Rev. Phillip Ching. When the parish was first established, the mayor of Monroe palatial residence was remodeled as a temporary church", "id": "12346355" }, { "contents": "St. Mary Congregational Church\n\n\nSt. Mary Congregational Church in Abbeville, Louisiana is the oldest incorporated, predominantly African-American church in Vermilion Parish. Its historic Gothic Revival style church at 213 S. Louisiana Avenue, constructed in 1905 to replace a previous building, was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1999. American Missionary Association records show the congregation dates to at least 1877. The structure is a three-bay, gable-fronted church with a prominent corner tower. The tower is three-stage and square. The church is currently non", "id": "17676536" }, { "contents": "St. Charles of the Valley Catholic Church and Rectory\n\n\nSt. Charles Borromeo Church is a Catholic parish in Hailey, Idaho, in the Diocese of Boise. Its historic parish church and rectory complex, located at Pine and S. 1st Streets, is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Fr. E.M. Nattini began ministering in the Wood River Valley in the 1880s. The population was growing rapidly, and he was soon able to raise funds for the construction of the first church of St. Charles, which began June 17, 1883. It was the first Catholic church ineast of", "id": "20581174" }, { "contents": "Sacred Heart Catholic Church (Dayton, Ohio)\n\n\nprompted some of the members to leave in July 1883 and establish Sacred Heart Church; under the leadership of St. Joseph's associate pastor Hugh McDevitt, the congregation rented a meeting hall while waiting for the construction of their building. Land for the present church was purchased for $19,000, and William Henry Elder laid the cornerstone in June 1888. Exterior work was completed in the following year, and by 1893 construction was close enough to completion that the congregation could begin worshipping in their building. The building was consecrated by Bishop Maes", "id": "22206155" }, { "contents": "St. Vincent de Paul Church (Pontiac, Michigan)\n\n\n. The church continued to grow, and in the 1880s, the Reverend Fridolin Baumgartner began raising funds for the construction of the present church. The congregation hired the Detroit architecture firm of Donaldson & Meier to design the church, and the cornerstone was laid on September 6, 1885. The church was dedicated two years later, on September 18, 1887. A 6600-pound bell was installed in the church in 1890. A rectory was constructed in 1895, a school building was added in 1897, and a parish hall in 1911", "id": "19268922" }, { "contents": "St. Boniface Roman Catholic Church\n\n\npopulation on the west side. In 1873, a two-story, red brick Italianate rectory building was built for the parish at a cost of $6,000. A stone church building was planned by the prominent local architect William M. Scott, and construction was completed in 1883 at a cost of $30,000. The parish was closed in 1989, and the building was demolished a few years later. St. Boniface Church was an eclectic example of Romanesque Revival and Ruskinian Gothic architecture. It was built in a cruciform shape from red", "id": "9736494" } ]

[ { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nchurch congregation reached its peak size in the 1950, when only 25% of the parishioners were of German descent. The first Spanish Mass was said in 1971 for the growing number of Hispanic parishioners. The congregation now is mostly Latin American. The church now offers Masses in both English and Spanish. An annual Good Friday Procession begins or ends at St. Michael's. St Michael's and La Sagrada Familia church alternate every year to begin or end at one of the two churches. There is a stop at St Patrick's", "id": "19125747" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nwhile the new building was under construction. The current church, which had its cornerstone laid in 1889, was completed five years ahead of schedule in 1892. The church building is considered a good example of High Victorian Gothic architecture with its two towers of unequal height, the taller of which rises , and three archways. An architecturally notable school adjacent to the church began construction in 1906 and was completed in 1907. For many years the church was one of the most costly and artistically notable churches in the Cleveland Diocese. The", "id": "19125746" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Michael the Archangel is a Roman Catholic church located at 3114 Scranton Road in the Clark-Fulton neighborhood on the west side of Cleveland, Ohio. The church is named in honor of St. Michael the Archangel and was completed in 1892. The congregation was founded in 1881 as a mission of Ohio City, Cleveland's St. Mary's on-the-Flats to serve a growing German immigrant population on Cleveland's west side. The original church and school building were constructed in 1883 but burned on June 29, 1891,", "id": "19125745" }, { "contents": "St. John's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n's. Trinity Cathedral is now the seat of the Episcopal Diocese of Ohio. St. John's was also the mother church to several of the west side parishes. In 1837, the Ohio City Directory described the church as follows, \"The Episcopal Church, which is not yet finished, is built of hammered stone, and has a lofty steeple. Its style of architecture is Gothic, resembling that of the ancient and venerable Cathedral. This building, when finished, will be one of the best of the kind in the", "id": "18742416" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cincinnati, Ohio)\n\n\n1847. The cornerstone was laid August 1, 1847 and the church dedicated June 4, 1848. Rev. Fr. Zoppoth was selected as the first pastor for the congregation. In 1868 St. Michael Church became the mother parish to St. Lawrence Church which was organized that same year. The Comboni Missionaries took charge of the parish in 1964. By this time many of the German-speaking families in the parish had begun to move to other parts of the city. In a mass celebrated by Daniel Edward Pilarczyk the church building was", "id": "11338583" }, { "contents": "St. Columba Cathedral (Youngstown, Ohio)\n\n\nThe first Mass celebrated in Youngstown occurred in 1826. St. Columba Parish was founded in 1847, the year that Pope Pius IX established the Diocese of Cleveland, of which Youngstown was a part. The first church was completed in 1850. As the parish grew, it required a larger church, which it completed in 1868. The first parish school building was opened three years later. The parish continued to grow and constructed yet another church which opened in 1897. Bishop Ignatius Horstmann consecrated the sanctuary in 1903. The parish added", "id": "13619245" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Stephen Church is a Roman Catholic church located in the Detroit-Shoreway neighborhood on the west side of Cleveland, Ohio. The gothic style building was designed by architects Cudell & Richardson. The current church was built in 1875 and was added into the National Register of Historic Places in 1977. St. Stephen Roman Catholic Church was founded in 1869 due to a need for a second German parish on the west side of Cleveland. The first German parish, St. Mary's, increased so much that Cleveland was in need of a", "id": "19215917" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cincinnati, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Michael the Archangel Church is a Roman Catholic church located at 2110 St. Michael Street, in Cincinnati, Ohio. The cornerstone of this church was laid in 1847 and the church dedicated a year later. The church closed April 5, 1998. As the tide of German immigrants continued to rise in Cincinnati, more churches were needed. Holy Trinity Church was the first German speaking parish. As the city grew in three directions; north, east and west; there were three parishes which descended from that parish Old St. Mary", "id": "11338581" }, { "contents": "St. John's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. John's Episcopal Church is located at 2600 Church Avenue in the Ohio City neighborhood of Cleveland, Ohio. St. John's is the oldest consecrated building in Cuyahoga county. This stone gothic revival church building was designed by Hezekiah Eldredge and built beginning in 1836 and was completed 1838. Eldridge was probably familiar with John Henry Hopkins' \"An Essay on Gothic Architecture\", the first book on Gothic ecclesiastical architecture to be published in the United States. St. John's is a good representative of a small group of American churches", "id": "18742414" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland Heights, Ohio)\n\n\nFairmount Blvd, it is a contributing property in the Fairmount Boulevard District, which is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. St. Paul's was first established in the city of Cleveland, Ohio on October 26, 1846. The congregation did not have its own building until 1851, as a frame building completed in 1849 burned completely. A small brick church in the Gothic Revival style was completed for the parish at Euclid and Sheriff (East 4th) Streets by 1858. St. Paul's congregation outgrew the church, however", "id": "18644038" }, { "contents": "Irvington, Baltimore\n\n\nPassion\", marking the beginning of St. Joseph's Monastery Parish. Construction of a new, larger church began in 1881 and was completed in 1883. Its cornerstone was placed by Cardinal James Gibbons. The original monastery, beside the church, burned down in 1883. A new monastery was completed in 1886. The monastery chapel is extant and contains an 1887 Niemann pipe organ. The congregation of St. Joseph's Monastery Parish outgrew their church building in the following century. In 1931, Archbishop Michael Joseph Curley placed the cornerstone for", "id": "5906170" }, { "contents": "St. Theodosius Russian Orthodox Cathedral\n\n\nSt. Theodosius Cathedral is an Orthodox church located on Starkweather Avenue in the Tremont neighborhood, on the near west side of Cleveland, Ohio. It is considered one of the best examples of Russian church architecture in the U.S. and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The parish is the first Orthodox parish in Cleveland and is currently under the jurisdiction of the Diocese of the Midwest of the Orthodox Church in America. St. Theodosius is perhaps best known for its appearance in the 1978 film, \"The Deer Hunter\" with", "id": "13141384" }, { "contents": "St. Casimir Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nBoth the church building and the school building are GNIS named features. The church building is listed as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. To provide properly for the large and steadily increasing number of Poles in the north-eastern part of Cleveland it was necessary to organize them into the third Polish congregation within the limits of the city. They lived too far away from St. Stanislaus Church, with which they had been affiliated, for them to conveniently either attend Mass or for their children to attend the parish school. They therefore petitioned Bishop", "id": "12488230" }, { "contents": "St. Henry's Catholic Church (Harriettsville, Ohio)\n\n\nChurch in Fulda in order to hear Mass. Virtually all of the members in the early decades were Germans or of German descent. A parish school was formed in the late 1870s, and in its first twenty years, the parish grew fourfold in membership. This growth caused the original church building to be too small: land for a new building was purchased in 1879, and construction finished in 1894. St. Henry's Church is a stone building in the Gothic Revival style; the most prominent component is a multi-story tower", "id": "19205430" }, { "contents": "St. Michael's Church, Old Town, Chicago\n\n\nSt. Michael's Church in the Old Town neighborhood of Chicago is a Roman Catholic church staffed by the Redemptorist order of priests. The parish was founded to minister to German Catholic immigrants in 1852 with its first wooden church completed that year at a cost of $750 (including the bell). The building stands at the intersection of Eugenie Street and Cleveland Avenue. The church was built as a haven for German immigrants who were outcasts in Old Chicago. In addition, the town's main church, St. Joseph's Church,", "id": "10838314" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cincinnati, Ohio)\n\n\n's Church, St. Philomena's Church and St. Joseph's Church. The three parishes were founded in 1840, 1846 and 1846 respectively. As more immigration followed, St. Michael's was founded, the first filial parish of St. Joseph. The parish was located to what was then called Storrs Township. Forty-five persons organized themselves into a congregation in the early part of 1847 and drew up a constitution for the church A lot was donated by Innocent Troenle and two additional adjacent pieces of property were bought in April and May", "id": "11338582" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Michael and St. Anthony\n\n\ntoday to mostly Poles and Italians. The church has also been noted for its Byzantine Revival architecture, complete with a dome and minaret-styled tower, making it \"one of the more unique examples of church architecture in Montréal.\" Construction on the Church of St. Michael the Archangel began in 1914, for what would grow to become the largest anglophone parish in Montreal. After a brief delay following the commencement of World War I, the church was completed in 1915 at a cost of $232,000, with a capacity of", "id": "10850773" }, { "contents": "Zion Lutheran Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nother Cleveland-area Lutheran congregations, including Trinity Lutheran Church, are Zion's daughters. The original church building was located downtown, but the east-side German community was strong enough by 1902 that the congregation deemed Prospect Avenue a better location for serving the community. From its earliest years, the congregation had sponsored a school; Zion Lutheran School was founded in 1848, at which time all scholars were instructed in German. The school moved to Prospect Avenue ahead of the church; the present building was completed in 1903,", "id": "19215937" }, { "contents": "St. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\non their behalf with papal authorities, and Charles Boehm of Hungary settled in Cleveland in late 1892 to serve the new St. Elizabeth parish, the first Hungarian nationality parish in America. Boehm immediately began registering members and advocating for the construction of a church complex; the first church building, a brick structure, was erected by the end of 1893, a school soon followed, and a larger school was completed in 1900 because of expanded enrollment. He also began a Hungarian-language parish newspaper that soon gained subscribers in other parts", "id": "19215854" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church, Madison\n\n\ndying Catholics (he was a doctor as well). Costigan is believed to have been the Catholic architect of the church. Costigan was only recorded as being a member of the parish during the construction, but details of the church building mirror his other buildings in Madison. In December 1839 St. Michael the Archangel Catholic Church was completed. As the City of Madison grew, so did its Catholic population. German–Catholics had increased highly in numbers and had formed a separate congregation within St. Michael's. In 1850, the", "id": "2385658" }, { "contents": "Pilgrim Congregational Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nonly a short time, as construction on the present building was started just 23 years after the first building was finished. The name \"Pilgrim Congregational Church\" was adopted in 1894 upon the completion of the present building; they had been styled \"Heights Congregational Church\" into the 1870s and used the name \"Jennings Avenue Congregational Church\" in the 1880s. The building was a community landmark from its earliest years — electric wiring was included in the original construction at a time when no other Cleveland buildings west of the Cuyahoga River", "id": "19215839" }, { "contents": "St. Monica Church (Manhattan)\n\n\nin 1880 he began conducting Mass over a feed store at 404 East 78th Street. The following year, he purchased land for the construction of the church and school. Construction of the first church building was completed in 1883. In 1892, the address was listed as 409 E 79th Street. The Rev. John J. Boyle served as acting rector at St. Monica's before becoming the founding pastor of St. Luke's Church (Bronx, New York). The current Gothic Revival church building was erected in 1906 to the designs of", "id": "18565781" }, { "contents": "Annunciation Church (historic) (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nAnnunciation Church (historic) (), was a Catholic parish church in Cleveland, Ohio and part of the Diocese of Cleveland. It was located at the intersection of Hurd St. and Moore St., now part of the West Side Market parking lot, in the Ohio City neighborhood. The location where the church once stood can be found, in an 1881 atlas, at the south-west corner of Hurd St. and Moore St., on the west bank of the Cuyahoga river above part of the Flats historically known as Ox", "id": "14549709" }, { "contents": "Sacred Heart of Jesus Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n. Between 1885 and 1889 a large number of Poles settled in South Cleveland, in the area of East 71st St. and Harvard Ave. They lived too far away from St. Stanislaus church for them to conveniently either attend Mass or for their children to attend the parish school. They petitioned Bishop Richard Gilmour for permission to form a new parish and build a church for their own use. The petition to form a new parish and build a church was granted, and the parish was founded in  — about 42 years after the Diocese", "id": "12287909" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland Heights, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Paul's Episcopal Church is a parish of the Episcopal Church in Cleveland Heights, Ohio. The current rector is the Rev. Jeanne Leinbach, installed on October 23, 2015. She is the first female rector of St. Paul's. Her predecessor was the Rev. Alan M. Gates, who served from 2004-2014, before his election as Bishop of Massachusetts. St. Paul's is a leading church and has the largest congregation in the Episcopal Diocese of Ohio. The church building is a Cleveland Heights landmark. Located at 2747", "id": "18644037" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nRev. Richard Gilmour. Volunteer German and Hungarian woodworkers completed the interior of the church. Over the next 40 years, the parish added a rectory, convent for the Sisters of Notre Dame and two school buildings including one for and an all girls two-year high school which opened in 1905. After World War II, St. Stephen's parish experienced unprecedented growth due to the population growth in Cleveland and throughout the country. On June 8, 1953 a tornado severely damaged the church structure. Work to restore the building began immediately", "id": "19215920" }, { "contents": "Cathedral of St. John the Evangelist (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nstyle and the Bishop laid the cornerstone October 22, 1848. Until the new building was completed in 1852, St. Mary's served as cathedral for the diocese. At the time of its completion, the new cathedral was the well beyond Cleveland's Public Square. Alterations and additions began on the church almost as soon as the initial construction was complete. In 1857, a boys' school was added and within ten years, it was joined by a parish hall and girls' school. In 1879, the parish raised sufficient", "id": "10656550" }, { "contents": "St. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nthe present building. Although the cornerstone was laid in 1918, the construction process was lengthy, and it was finally completed only in 1922. Built primarily of limestone, according to a design of Cleveland architect Emile Uhlrich, the church is an example of Italian-influenced Baroque Revival architecture, partly modelled after the church of Sant'Agnese in Agone in Rome. Two great towers, topped with cupolas, form the ends of the facade, while a great rose window sits in the middle section of the facade high above the main entrance", "id": "19215857" }, { "contents": "St. Nicholas' Catholic Church (Osgood, Ohio)\n\n\nnearby villages; St. Augustine's Church in Minster and St. Michael's Church in Fort Loramie were established by 1850, but the foundations of a parish in Osgood were not laid until 1904, and formal establishment of the parish came in 1906. In its earliest years, the Mass was celebrated in common buildings; after worshipping for a time in a school, the parishioners purchased a barn for ecclesiastical purposes. For many years, the improvement of the parish's facilities was hindered by its size; the fewness of its members meant", "id": "421917" }, { "contents": "Union–Miles Park\n\n\na congregation for African Americans, was founded 1914, and erected its first church building and school in 1916 at what is now Union Avenue and Martin Luther King Drive. The congregation that formed Archangel Michael Orthodox Church ( St. Michael's Orthodox Church) split from St. John the Baptist Orthodox Church in 1921. It began construction of its new church home at 10000 Union Avenue in April 1924, completing the structure in 1926. Although the long-standing Cataract House closed in 1917, the first Union–Miles Park movie theater,", "id": "20793486" }, { "contents": "St. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church is a historic Roman Catholic church in the Buckeye Road neighborhood on the east side of Cleveland, Ohio, United States. The earliest ethnic parish established for Hungarians in the United States, its present building was constructed in the early twentieth century, and it has been named a historic site. Cleveland's first Hungarian Catholics initially worshipped at St. Ladislaus' Church, an east-side Slovakian parish, but ethnic strife and increasing immigration prompted the Hungarian community to seek their own parish. Bishop Horstmann interceded", "id": "19215853" }, { "contents": "Sacred Heart of Jesus Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSacred Heart of Jesus (), was a Catholic parish church in Cleveland, Ohio and part of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland. It was located at the north-west corner of intersection of East 71st St. and Kazimier St., in a part of the South Broadway neighborhood previously known in Polish as \"\" and nicknamed \"Goosetown\". Both the church building and the school building are GNIS named features. The church, school, and rectory buildings are listed together as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. The church was closed", "id": "12287908" }, { "contents": "St. Mary Mother of the Redeemer Church (Norwalk, Ohio)\n\n\nSaint Mary Mother of the Redeemer Church is a parish in the Roman Catholic Diocese of Toledo. The current church is located at 38 W. League Street, Norwalk, Ohio. Construction on the building began on May 29, 1889, and was completed in 1894. The church was previously twinned with St. Alphonsus in Peru, Ohio, but was later twinned with St. Anthony in Milan, Ohio, after a mass restructuring of the diocese. The Century House was a name given to several buildings, now all demolished, within the", "id": "21671394" }, { "contents": "Pilgrim Congregational Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nPilgrim Congregational Church is a historic congregation of the United Church of Christ in Cleveland, Ohio, United States. Constructed in the 1890s for a congregation founded in the 1850s, it was named a historic site in the 1970s. Congregationalists began operating a Sunday school in Cleveland's Tremont neighborhood in 1854, and their efforts resulted in the creation of a church five years later. The members began construction of their first church building in 1865, although it was not completed until 1870. It was suitable for the congregation's needs for", "id": "19215838" }, { "contents": "Sidney Mason Stone\n\n\n; St. Patrick's Church, New Haven (1853) constructed of East Haven sandstone;First Congregational Church, Naugatuck, CT (1855) and Wooster Place Congregational Church, Wooster Square, New Haven (1855) (now the Church of St. Michael) the original design for which featured a Corinthian portico and tall steeple. In \"New Haven: A Guide to Architecture and Urban Design\", Brown remarks on St. Michael's, “The building has burned twice, the steeple blown down once...Only the side walls and tall", "id": "165241" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Dayton, Ohio)\n\n\ncentury, the parish had outgrown it, and construction began on a new building; Archbishop Moeller laid the cornerstone in July 1905 and consecrated it in November 1906. Growth continued, and St. Anthony's Church was established in 1913 by families coming out of St. Mary's. St. Mary's remains an active part of the Archdiocese of Cincinnati to the present day. Masses are celebrated both in English and in Spanish. The current St. Mary's Church is a Romanesque Revival structure built in a mix of brick and stone. Constructed", "id": "19205375" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Indianapolis, Indiana)\n\n\nuntil the Diocese of Indianapolis established Holy Rosary Catholic Church, an Italian national parish in Indianapolis in 1911. After the turn of the century, when the neighborhood become commercial, the parish purchased property at New Jersey and Vermont streets, where they built the present church, which was under construction from 1910 to 1912. St. Mary's adapted to its changing ethnic neighborhood over the years. In 1967, as the city's Spanish-speaking community began to grow, the parish began offering Sunday mass in Spanish. German-language", "id": "3660949" }, { "contents": "St. John's Catholic Church (Fryburg, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. John Catholic Church is a Roman Catholic church in the unincorporated community of Fryburg in Pusheta Township, Auglaize County, Ohio, United States. The parish was established in 1848, the same year in which the community was platted, and construction was completed in 1850. A Catholic school in connection with the church was established in 1877. Both buildings feature fine architecture: the church includes Gothic Revival elements such as ornate pilasters and lancet windows, while the former school is a good example of Federal architecture. St. John's is", "id": "11283325" }, { "contents": "St. Augustine Parish (Hartford, Connecticut)\n\n\nSt. Augustine Parish is a Roman Catholic parish located in Hartford, Connecticut. In addition to a church, the parish also administers a school, St. Augustine School. St. Augustine Parish was established in August 1902 with Fr. Michael Barry appointed as its first pastor. At that time, a church building had not yet been constructed so mass was offered at the Washington Street School until a basement chapel was completed in 1903. The current Romanesque-style church was completed in 1912 and dedicated by Bishop John J. Nilan of the then", "id": "21104070" }, { "contents": "Zion Lutheran Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nFirst Methodist, Trinity Cathedral, and St. Paul's Episcopal Church on Euclid Avenue. This condition persisted into the mid-1910s, at which point the neighborhood transitioned into a largely commercial area. Beginning after 1930, the neighborhood deteriorated as many buildings were demolished, often to create room for parking lots. In such an environment Zion Lutheran Church was constructed in 1902 and opened for public use in the following year. It is home to a congregation founded by German immigrants in 1843, the oldest extant Lutheran congregation in the city; many", "id": "19215936" }, { "contents": "Church of St Paul, Letchworth\n\n\nallow construction of the new church to begin, with the foundation stone being laid on 10 October 1923 by the Marchioness of Salisbury. Work on the first section of the building was completed including three and a half bays of the nave with arcades at the sides. This first section was consecrated by Michael Furse, the Bishop of St Albans on 3 May 1924. A tower was intended but was never built. By 1924 the church was becoming too small for its growing congregation and work on an extension began in early 1931,", "id": "1720772" }, { "contents": "Basilica of the Sacred Heart of Jesus, Syracuse\n\n\noriginal church was located across the street from the current structure. The first Mass in the new parish church was said on August 30, 1892, with the formal dedication taking place nearly a year later on June 11, 1893. The congregation outgrew the first church within a decade, and a decision was made to construct a new church. The foundations were built by parishioners in order to save money, and the cornerstone was laid in 1907. Work was completed in three years, and the church was completed and dedicated on", "id": "4119395" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n, side altars and pulpit are made entirely of oak wood and decorated with beautiful German woodcarvings. The church pews are also oak. A Mexican onyx and brass Communion rail was installed over the years and the floor of the sanctuary and aisles is made of black and white marble tiles. St. Stephen's is a fully active Roman Catholic Parish in the Diocese of Cleveland. This means that they have a full parish staff and church council. They have regular Sunday Masses as well as daily Masses. German Mass is offered every first", "id": "19215923" }, { "contents": "Roncesvalles, Toronto\n\n\nWomenpriests at the church. St. Casimir's Polish Roman Catholic Church at Garden Avenue, offers Polish masses on Sundays. Its origins begin in 1944 when the Oblate Mission decided to create the third Polish parish (and first in the west end) in Toronto. The lot on which the church stands today was purchased for $15,000 in 1948 and construction on the parish hall began the same year. The first mass was held in the church hall in 1949. The church was completed and officially began offering mass on May 23,", "id": "3040916" }, { "contents": "Rajavoor\n\n\nSt. Michael's Shrine which is located at the center part of Rajavoor. The annual feast starts on the first Friday of May with a flag hoisting followed by a ten-day Mass and adoration. The eighth, ninth and tenth days are marked with a car procession to St. Michael Archangel, carnival ended with High Mass in front of the Holy Cars. The Roman Catholics and parish are administered by the Kottar Diocese. Another notable church, Our Lady of Presentation (Kaanikkai Maathaa) Church is attached to the Rajavoor Parish as", "id": "4595849" }, { "contents": "Transfiguration Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nBaptist Church in the nearby suburb of Garfield Heights, Ohio, which had a large, new structure. In April 1943, Trinity Baptist Church sold its building to the Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland for $35,000 ($ in dollars). The Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland erected Transfiguration Parish on July 30, 1943. The parish was divided from nearby Immaculate Heart of Mary Church and Shrine Church of St. Stanislaus parishes. Reverend Joseph F. Zabawa was named the pastor of the new congregation, which took up residence in the Trinity", "id": "20542089" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Augustine (Larchmont, New York)\n\n\nThe Church of St. Augustine is a Roman Catholic church located in Larchmont, New York. The parish having been founded in 1892, the present Gothic Revival church building was constructed in 1928. With a growing number of Catholics living in Larchmont, New York—many of them domestic servants who attended Blessed Sacrament Church in New Rochelle or Most Holy Trinity Church in Mamaroneck—the Archbishop of New York, Michael Corrigan, created the parish of St. Augustine was created in 1892. The decision to establish a parish was motivated in part", "id": "19300736" }, { "contents": "St. Barbara Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Barbara Catholic Church () is a parish of the Roman Catholic Church in Cleveland, Ohio, within the Diocese of Cleveland. The parish church is located on Denison Ave. between West 16th St. and the southbound entrance to SR 176, in a part of the Brooklyn Centre neighborhood previously known in Polish as . The red brick parish church, designed by H.C. Gabele, is a local landmark. It is a GNIS named feature. The church, rectory and convent buildings are listed together as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. The", "id": "13695356" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\ntwo years the parishioners worshipped in a hotel before constructing a building at Fourth and Euclid downtown. A fire destroyed the structure before it was completed, but people throughout the city contributed funds to build a brick replacement in 1851. By the 1870s, the streets surrounding the church had become primarily commercial, so the vestry sold the building and rented halls while building the present church eastward on Euclid Avenue. Its placement amid the wealthy Millionaire's Row district soon caused it to become a symbol of the neighborhood. However, the membership", "id": "19215901" }, { "contents": "St Michael the Archangel Church, Chatham\n\n\nHeart Church in Luton. St Paulinus Church was built in 1788 as a Wesleyan Chapel. In 1892, it was bought by the local Catholic Church. Sacred Heart Church was built in 1949. On 26 June 1949, its foundation stone was laid by the parish priest of St Michael's Church. St Paulinus Church has one Sunday Mass at 9:00am. Sacred Heart Church also has one Sunday Mass, it is at 10:30am. St Michael's Church has four Sunday Masses: 6:30pm on Saturday and 9:30am, 11:00am and 6:00pm on", "id": "19228802" }, { "contents": "St Michael and All Angels Church, Kingaroy\n\n\n's construction. Architect Colin Deighton, who was assistant to John Hingeston Buckeridge, the Anglican Diocese of Brisbane Architect between 1887 and 1901, designed the church. Deighton designed a number of country churches and St Colomb's Anglican Church at Clayfield in Brisbane. The foundation stone of St Michael and All Angels Church was laid on 10 November 1910 by the Venerable Arthur Rivers, Archdeacon of Toowoomba. Construction of the building, which was to seat 250 worshippers, began in December 1910 and was completed in 1911. Its cost, including", "id": "3972006" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Catholic Church (Chicago)\n\n\nSt. Michael () is a church of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Chicago. The current church is located at E. 83rd Street and S. South Shore Drive in South Chicago, a neighborhood of Chicago, Illinois. It is a prime example of the so-called \"Polish Cathedral style\" of churches in both its opulence and grand scale. Along with Immaculate Conception, it is one of the two monumental Polish churches dominating over the South Chicago neighborhood. Founded in 1892 as a Polish parish in Chicago to relieve overcrowding at Immaculate", "id": "20616064" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nof St. Stephen's for 38 years. In 1873, Fr. Reichlin realized that a new church building was needed to accommodate the growing parish. The Cleveland-based architect firm called Cudell & Richardson was hired to build the structure that still stands today as St. Stephen's Roman Catholic Church. Due to economic depression in the mid-1870s, work on the new building was stopped. Parishioners mortgaged their own properties to raise funds for the new church. It was dedicated on November 20, 1881 by the second bishop of Cleveland,", "id": "19215919" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church, Madison\n\n\n1992, the parishes of St. Mary's and St. Michael's became one community of faith, with one priest, Father John Meyer, and two church buildings. Saturday night mass was held at St. Michael's for St. Michael's ‘parishioners,’ and on Sunday morning, mass was held at St. Mary's. In 1993, the area's two other Catholic Churches (St. Patrick's and St. Anthony's) were merged with St. Mary's-St. Michael's as well. St. Michael's had extensive roof damage", "id": "2385663" }, { "contents": "St. Michael's Church, Hildesheim\n\n\nin 1010 and dedicated the still unfinished building to Michael on the archangel's feast day, 29 September 1022, just a few weeks before his death. Construction, however, continued under his successor, Bishop Godehard (died 1038), who completed the work in 1031 and reconsecrated the church to Michael on September 29 of that year. The church has double choirs east and west, double tripartite transepts at either end of the nave, and six towers----two large ones over the crossings east and west, and four other tall and", "id": "721679" }, { "contents": "St. Augustine's Catholic Church (Napoleon, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Augustine's Catholic Church is a historic church in Napoleon, Ohio, United States. Located on the edge of the city's downtown, two blocks away from the Henry County Courthouse, the church is a prominent landmark in Napoleon. St. Augustine Parish was founded at some point between 1856 and 1858; its first priest was Michael Pietz. The parish was dedicated to St. Augustine in honor of Augustine Pilliod, who supervised the construction of its first building. This structure was replaced with the current church, which was built at", "id": "13450149" }, { "contents": "Saint Patrick's Church (Dubuque, Iowa)\n\n\nMcCabe was assigned as the first resident pastor. The cornerstone of the present brick church was laid in 1877, and the building dedicated on August 15, 1878. In 1928, the Rev. J.J. Hanley remodeled and enlarged the church. St. Patrick Church was originally built for service to the Irish settlers of Dubuque and while the parish has maintained a healthy respect for its Irish heritage over its many years of service, the parish now specializes in service to the Hispanic residents of Dubuque. The parish offers a Spanish Mass on Sundays,", "id": "20590874" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nsecond parish for German-speaking Catholics. In April 1869 the first bishop of Cleveland, Bishop Louis Amadeus Rappe, appointed Fr. Stephen Falk to have a two-story building built. The building would be used as a church on the upper level and a school on the lower level to accommodate the 200 families from St. Mary's that lived west of 44th Street. The newly ordained Fr. Casimir Reichlin became the first pastor and said the first Mass of the parish on May 1, 1870. He served as pastor", "id": "19215918" }, { "contents": "Immaculate Conception Catholic Church (Fulda, Ohio)\n\n\n. Construction began on a small church building under the ministry of the priest from Miltonsburg, and Archbishop Purcell of Cincinnati dedicated it in 1853. Ten years later, the parishioners constructed a parish school, and a rectory followed in 1866; its large size and pretentious architecture resulted in a high construction cost of $2,500. By this time, the original church building had become entirely inadequate for the needs of the congregation, and replacement plans were laid; the cornerstone was laid in May 1874, and Bishop Rosecrans of Columbus dedicated", "id": "19205436" }, { "contents": "St. Vitus's Church, Cleveland\n\n\nSt. Vitus is a parish of the Roman Catholic Church in Cleveland, Ohio, United States, in the Diocese of Cleveland. The parish church, located at 6019 Lausche Avenue in the St. Clair-Superior neighborhood, was completed in 1932. The first documented Slovenian to settle in the Cleveland area was Joseph Turk, who came about 1883, most likely from Carniola, and settled on Marble Avenue, near the steel mills. He helped organize the Catholic Slovenes in Cleveland, and requested that Bishop Richard Gilmour of Cleveland appoint a", "id": "916020" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Catholic Church (St. Patrick, Ohio)\n\n\nrectory in 1919 to house its pastor; before its construction, St. Patrick's was served by priests from St. Michael's Church in Fort Loramie to the southwest. In 1977, the church and rectory were recorded by the Ohio Historic Inventory for the purpose of historic preservation; both buildings were ranked in good condition without any significant risks. Two years later, they were listed together on the National Register of Historic Places, along with over thirty other buildings in the Land of the Cross-Tipped Churches. When these churches were", "id": "15760892" }, { "contents": "Cathedral of St Michael and St John\n\n\n. In that year work commenced on a permanent church building located on the corner of George and Keppel Streets. St Michael's Church was a Victorian Gothic style building constructed in brick. It was in use by 1841 but appears not to have been completed until 1846 when leadlight windows were installed. Bishop John Bede Polding (1794-1877), first Catholic Archbishop of Sydney, was interested in fostering the English Gothic style of architecture in his diocese. He arranged for plans for significant churches to be prepared by English architects including", "id": "17452035" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Cathedral, Thunder Bay\n\n\n. From there, St. Patrick's Church was one of many churches that was missioned to the First Nations in Northern Ontario, as well as St. Andrew's Church, which was handed over to the diocese in 1997. St. Patrick's was built in 1892, the same year as Thunder Bay was incorporated as a town. The foundation stone was laid on 10 October 1891, and the first Mass was celebrated on 21 August 1892. The Jesuit parish priests made plans for the construction of an elementary school later that decade.", "id": "14488629" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Catholic Church (Toledo, Ohio)\n\n\nfor use in a new building. Fr. Edward Hannin, pastor of St. Patrick's, set out to create \"the finest church in this part of the land,\" for his congregation and began to raise money for construction. When it was completed, St. Patrick's was considered one of the finest examples of Gothic Revival architecture in the United States. The exterior is constructed of Amherst blue sandstone and the interior contains ten red granite columns. The church was dedicated on April 13, 1901. The church underwent extensive", "id": "9145471" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Dayton, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Mary's Catholic Church is a historic Catholic church building in an eastern neighborhood of Dayton, Ohio, United States. Constructed at the beginning of the twentieth century, it remains home to an active parish. Its grand architecture has made it an aviator's landmark, and it has been named a historic site by the federal government. Emanuel Church, the first Catholic parish in Dayton, was formed in 1837. Many English-speaking families left to form a separate parish in 1846, but Emanuel continued growing to the point", "id": "19205373" }, { "contents": "Church of St. James the Less\n\n\nmission. Weekly celebration of Mass resumed on Sundays at 5:00 pm. The breakaway congregation now meets at the Holy Cross Catholic church and is known as the Church of Saint Michael the Archangel. During the controversy, the parish school closed circa 2006. As part of its mandate, Saint Mark's Church began a fundraising effort to open a new parish school to serve this local community. In 2009 and 2010, the St. Mark's congregation (together with St. Francis Episcopal Church in Potomac, Maryland) sponsored Vacation Bible School at", "id": "12322466" }, { "contents": "St. John's Evangelical Lutheran Church (Springfield, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. John's Evangelical Lutheran Church is a historic Lutheran church in downtown Springfield, Ohio, United States. Founded as a German-speaking parish in Springfield's early days, it grew rapidly during its first few decades, and its present large church building was constructed in the 1890s under the direction of one of Springfield's leading architects. The congregation remains in the landmark church building, which has been named a historic site. Springfield's first Lutheran congregation was organized in May 1841, and a separate group of German Lutherans began", "id": "18832000" }, { "contents": "St Michael and St John Church, Clitheroe\n\n\nGrade II listed building. In September 2008, the Jesuits handed the church over to the Diocese of Salford who continue to serve the parish. Two years later, the parish merged with St Mary Queen of Peace Church in Sabden to form the parish of Our Lady of the Valley. St Mary's was built in 1877 and it was made into a parish in 1909, so that the parishioners did not have to travel the sizeable distance to attend Mass in Clitheroe. The parish has two Sunday Masses at St Michael and St", "id": "5090732" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n. St. Paul's church building is one of just six Gothic Revival churches built in Cleveland during the 1870s that survived into the 1980s. At one time considered Cleveland's grandest and largest church, it is distinguished by the unusual architecture of the peak of the bell tower, and the open interior features extensive detailing, along with seating for one thousand worshippers. Covered with sandstone from Berea, the building was a work of Gordon W. Lloyd, a Detroit architect who also produced grand churches in Ohio cities of various sizes, ranging", "id": "19215903" }, { "contents": "St. Aloysius' Catholic Church (Carthagena, Ohio)\n\n\nerected in 1865. In their earliest years, the people worshipped in the chapel of the adjacent St. Charles Seminary. Throughout its history, the church has been significantly influenced by the seminary, which trained the priests of the Missionaries of the Precious Blood and provided pastors for the church. As its membership grew, the parish decided to construct a church building. Plans were laid and construction began in 1875; the cornerstone was laid in May 1877, and the church was consecrated on June 30, 1878; the parishioners had performed", "id": "20255448" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Church (Monroe, Michigan)\n\n\nto come. St. Michael Church is located along the River Raisin on West Front Street in the city of Monroe, MI. The 183 foot steeple isn't hard to miss. When you come into Monroe you can easily see St. Michael's A tradition at St. Michael Church is the parish prayer. It is said before the beginning of every mass. It reads: \"Lord, God, we glorify Your holy name and thank you for calling us, the people of Saint Michael the Archangel Parish, to be one in", "id": "12346363" }, { "contents": "St Michael and All Angels Church, Barton Turf\n\n\nSt Michael and All Angels is the Church of England parish church of Barton Turf in the county of Norfolk in England. See Inside here. It stands about a kilometre south-west of the village in the midst of a plantation of trees. Particularly notable for its surviving paintings, the church is listed with Grade I. The building was at first constructed in rather an undistinguished Perpendicular style, possessing a tower at the west end of the church. The church is best known for the twelve panels of its late-Gothic rood", "id": "15249529" }, { "contents": "St Michael and All Angels' Church, Haworth\n\n\nSt Michael and All Angels' Church is the Church of England parish church of Haworth, West Yorkshire. The current structure, the third church building on the site, was built between 1879 and 1881 although parts of the original medieval church building, notably the tower, survive from earlier periods. The church is best known for its historic association with the Brontë sisters whose father Revd. Patrick Brontë served as minister of the parish between 1820 and 1861. A chapel has existed on the site since 1488, though records held at", "id": "17201346" }, { "contents": "St. Peter Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Peter Church (), is a Catholic parish church in Cleveland, Ohio and part of the Diocese of Cleveland. Founded in , it is located at the intersection of Superior Ave. near East 17th St., in the Downtown neighborhood. The church is a longstanding city landmark; George Francis Houck, then the Chancellor, wrote in 1903 that, \"One of the landmarks of the city and Diocese of Cleveland is St. Peter's Church.\" It is listed as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. It is also a named", "id": "13925952" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Church (Monroe, Michigan)\n\n\n. It was used as a church on the first floor and on the second it was used for the school. Later it would only be used as St. Michael School. Then in 1866 the cornerstone for the present church was laid. The large 187 foot steeple wasn't added until 1883. In 1874 the 3-story rectory was built east of the church. In 1918 the parish built the present building of St. Michael School which is now a part of Monroe Catholic Elementary Schools. The movement to establish the parish started in 1845", "id": "12346356" }, { "contents": "St. Casimir Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nRichard Gilmour for permission to form a new parish and build a church for their own use. In December 1891, Monsignor Felix Boff, V.G., administrator of the diocese, granted the required permission. Those parishioners left to form St. Casimir Church in 1891. The parish was founded in 1891 — about 44 years after the Diocese of Cleveland was erected by Pope Pius IX. In December, 1891, Boff appointed Father Benedict Rosinski, pastor of St. Adalbert's, Berea, Ohio, to take charge of the mission. On", "id": "12488231" }, { "contents": "St James' Church, Forest Gate\n\n\nSt James' Church, Forest Gate was a church in Forest Gate, east London. Its origins lay in an iron building constructed around 1870 to serve a conventional district. A parish was formed for it in 1881 from those of Emmanuel Church, All Saints and St John's and its permanent church completed the following year, with an organ moved from St Matthew's Church, Friday Street. The church was demolished in 1964 and for two years its congregation worshiped in the Durning Hall Community Centre's chapel until the parish was", "id": "17208906" }, { "contents": "North Presbyterian Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nNorth Presbyterian Church is a historic Presbyterian church on the east side of Cleveland, Ohio, United States. Constructed in the 1880s, the church building has been named a historic site. Throughout its history, the congregation has been focused on Sunday school work. North Presbyterian Church developed out of a mission Sunday school established in east-side Cleveland in 1859. The local presbytery organized a congregation out of the Sunday school in 1867, and within a short while, the new congregation formed the first of two mission Sunday schools in", "id": "19215693" }, { "contents": "St. Vitus's Church, Cleveland\n\n\nVitus to work on the interior. It was finished for the centennial celebration of the parish later that year. St. Vitus remains a strong parish, but Fr. Božnar works with Bishop Lennon's programs to cluster parishes in order to increase strength for inner-city parishes. The church building of St. Vitus itself is constructed in the Lombard-Roman style with pale yellow Falston brick. It is 141 feet long and 100 feet wide with an attached parish house on its west side. Its two Romanesque bell towers reach 110 feet", "id": "916027" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Michael (St. Michael, Minnesota)\n\n\nof the church came from Saint John's Abbey in Collegeville. In 1866 a new church was built in the center of the town and served for about 25 years. In 1890 the parish built a Gothic Revival building, which was the largest church in Wright County at the time. The building features ornate statues and German woodcarvings. Although the parish had a mostly German ethnicity for many years, since 1985 the number of families in the parish doubled, and it no longer appears to be an ethnic parish. In 2004 the", "id": "1327870" }, { "contents": "St. Thomas Church (Underhill, Vermont)\n\n\nSt. Thomas Church is a Roman Catholic church in the Town of Underhill, Vermont in the United States, located in the unincorporated village of \"Underhill Center\". The church was built from 1891-92 after its predecessor had burned down on 19 December 1890. The cornerstone for the current St. Thomas Church building was laid on 12 August 1891 at an event that had an estimated 1,000 attendees. Although the construction period spanned from 1 May 1891 until December 1892, the first Mass was nevertheless held in the basement of the church", "id": "6739395" }, { "contents": "St. William Parish (Lawncrest)\n\n\n1950s and 60's, saw many changes come to the physical plant of the Parish that reflected the housing boom of the area, the economic upswing of the times and the growing parish population. Many of the original \"Motley Buildings\" were completely replaced. The Middle School (Junior High/Upper School) building was built and later an additional floor was added. When consideration was had for the completion of the Upper Church, it was found that the basement church was not structurally sufficient to support additional construction. In 1955", "id": "10364503" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Michael the Archangel, Katowice\n\n\nChurch of St. Michael Archangel () is one of the oldest buildings in Katowice. It's located in Kościuszko Park, where it was moved in 1938 from the village Syrynia, where it was originally constructed in 1510. It is under the invocation of St. Michael. It has end-fitted log framework construction and shingled roof. Free-standing belltower was completed before 1679; it has historic lych-gate and wooden fence around the churchyard. The church of St. Michael Archangel was first built in 1305 in Syrynia, near", "id": "21359049" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Catholic Church (St. Patrick, Ohio)\n\n\n's was closely connected to many other churches in western Ohio: wide areas of western Ohio that were primarily settled by Catholics feature large churches at sparsely-populated crossroads. While most of these churches are constructed in the Gothic Revival style of architecture, some of the newer churches of the region — including St. Patrick's — appear in a variety of styles; St. Patrick's was one of the few that lacked the high steeples of the Gothic Revival structures. The leading role of these churches in western Shelby County and the lands", "id": "15760890" }, { "contents": "St Michael's Roman Catholic Church, Linlithgow\n\n\nchildren the congregation capitalised on the spirit of cooperation and community and set out to build a school. Located on a site next to the church St. Joseph's school was opened on 1 July 1889 and served the children of the parish until 1964 when new premises were occupied at Preston Road. Although during this time Fr Easson had replaced Fr Murphy as parish priest there was no change of emphasis and all the parish energies were engaged in the effort to complete the church building programme. Plans to double the size of the church were", "id": "17679127" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Delaware, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Mary's Catholic Church is a historic Catholic parish church in the city of Delaware, Ohio, United States. Constructed in the 1880s, this grand building is home to a congregation established in the middle of the nineteenth century. Its grand style has long made it a community landmark, and it was named a historic landmark in 1980. Delaware's first Masses were celebrated by travelling priests in the homes of the city's few Catholics, most of whom were Irish or German immigrants. The members built the first St. Mary", "id": "2642749" }, { "contents": "Church of the Resurrection (Rye, New York)\n\n\nin 1881 at the intersection of Purchase Street and the Boston Post Road, where services were then offered. The parish was incorporated on January 29, 1886, and title to the property was transferred from the archdiocese to the parish itself. A new church building was completed in 1889 on Purchase Street, while the former building was used as the rectory. Thereafter, construction of a parochial school on the Boston Post Road began in 1906 and was completed two years later. With the number of parishioners growing, the church purchased land", "id": "19300829" }, { "contents": "Near North Side, Chicago\n\n\n, most of this area was an enclave to the first emigrants from Puerto Rico to Chicago, who referred to it as part of \"La Clark\" until commercialization decorated late 1960s shop signs with the name of Old Town. The neighborhood is home to St. Michael's Church, originally built to serve German immigrants, and one of only 7 to survive the great Chicago fire. St. Michael's, Holy Name Cathedral, Immaculate Conception, and St. Joseph's Catholic churches all catered to Latinos with a Mass in Spanish. Many", "id": "1540930" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Massillon, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Mary's Catholic Church is a historic Catholic church building in the city of Massillon, Ohio, United States. Constructed in 1876 for a congregation composed largely of European immigrants, it has been named a historic site. The origins of St. Mary parish lie among numerous Germans and Irish who settled in Massillon in its early years and built a small house of worship on Cherry Road in the 1840s. This building stood until 1875, when it was destroyed so that the present church might occupy its location; it was built in", "id": "19205828" }, { "contents": "St. Anne Church (Berlin, New Hampshire)\n\n\nSt. Anne Church is a historic church at 58 Church Street in Berlin, New Hampshire, United States. It is the church for Good Shepherd Parish within the Roman Catholic Diocese of Manchester. St. Anne Parish was founded in 1867, and was Berlin's first Roman Catholic congregation. It was merged with Guardian Angel Parish, St. Joseph Parish, and St. Kieran Parish in 2000 to form Good Shepherd Parish. Its building, constructed in 1900, is an important local example of Romanesque architecture, and was listed on the National Register", "id": "2452362" }, { "contents": "St. Peter Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n, put up by Luhr, was torn down and replaced by a large pastoral residence adjoining the rear of the church, at a cost of $12,000. In the same year a third story was added to St. Peter's school building, and arranged for a parish hall, containing a stage and other conveniences, at a cost of $10,000. In the synod of January 3, 1889, St. Peter's congregation was the first mentioned among the nine principal churches of the diocese which Gilmour named as rectorates, with an", "id": "13925965" }, { "contents": "Trinity Cathedral (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nfirst church building built within the village limits of Cleveland. In 1846, to meet the needs of a growing parish, plans for a larger, centralized building just east of Public Square commenced. The congregation moved into the larger stone structure in the Gothic style on Superior Avenue in 1855. In 1890, Trinity Church was offered to Bishop William A. Leonard for use as a cathedral for the Diocese of Ohio. The congregation would maintain the building and it would serve dual roles as the parish church and cathedral for the diocese.", "id": "19215933" }, { "contents": "St. Andrew's Cathedral (Jackson, Mississippi)\n\n\nat the time that was not located along the Mississippi River. Its church was burned by the Union Army during the American Civil War in 1863. The cornerstone for the second church was laid by the Rt. Rev. William Mercer Green in 1869. By the turn of the Twentieth Century the congregation had outgrown its church building and the present structure was completed in 1903. The Parish House was constructed between 1923 and 1924. The congregation continued to grow and the building along West Street was built in 1955. The bishop moved his", "id": "20556538" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Evansville, Indiana)\n\n\nservice in the first church building was held on April 15, 1883. While construction ensued, a congregant and frequent benefactor, Charles Viele, offered the use of Viele Hall (located on 2nd street between Main and Sycamore streets) to St. Paul's parish. The cornerstone for new St. Paul's was laid on September 3, 1883, and construction completed on March 2, 1886 with Bishop D.B. Knickerbacker consecrating the new building. Charles and Mary Viele continued to sponsor further construction on the church grounds - first with a rectory", "id": "20407572" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Church (Monroe, Michigan)\n\n\nSaint Michael the Archangel Church (St. Michael Church) is located on the west side of the city of Monroe, Michigan along the River Raisin. It is home to 1,200 families and it is one of most important religious institutes in Monroe County. It was founded in the year 1852. The present building was built from 1866-1867. It is in the Archdiocese of Detroit. Its current priest is Rev. Phillip Ching. When the parish was first established, the mayor of Monroe palatial residence was remodeled as a temporary church", "id": "12346355" }, { "contents": "St. Mary Congregational Church\n\n\nSt. Mary Congregational Church in Abbeville, Louisiana is the oldest incorporated, predominantly African-American church in Vermilion Parish. Its historic Gothic Revival style church at 213 S. Louisiana Avenue, constructed in 1905 to replace a previous building, was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1999. American Missionary Association records show the congregation dates to at least 1877. The structure is a three-bay, gable-fronted church with a prominent corner tower. The tower is three-stage and square. The church is currently non", "id": "17676536" }, { "contents": "St. Charles of the Valley Catholic Church and Rectory\n\n\nSt. Charles Borromeo Church is a Catholic parish in Hailey, Idaho, in the Diocese of Boise. Its historic parish church and rectory complex, located at Pine and S. 1st Streets, is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Fr. E.M. Nattini began ministering in the Wood River Valley in the 1880s. The population was growing rapidly, and he was soon able to raise funds for the construction of the first church of St. Charles, which began June 17, 1883. It was the first Catholic church ineast of", "id": "20581174" }, { "contents": "Sacred Heart Catholic Church (Dayton, Ohio)\n\n\nprompted some of the members to leave in July 1883 and establish Sacred Heart Church; under the leadership of St. Joseph's associate pastor Hugh McDevitt, the congregation rented a meeting hall while waiting for the construction of their building. Land for the present church was purchased for $19,000, and William Henry Elder laid the cornerstone in June 1888. Exterior work was completed in the following year, and by 1893 construction was close enough to completion that the congregation could begin worshipping in their building. The building was consecrated by Bishop Maes", "id": "22206155" }, { "contents": "St. Vincent de Paul Church (Pontiac, Michigan)\n\n\n. The church continued to grow, and in the 1880s, the Reverend Fridolin Baumgartner began raising funds for the construction of the present church. The congregation hired the Detroit architecture firm of Donaldson & Meier to design the church, and the cornerstone was laid on September 6, 1885. The church was dedicated two years later, on September 18, 1887. A 6600-pound bell was installed in the church in 1890. A rectory was constructed in 1895, a school building was added in 1897, and a parish hall in 1911", "id": "19268922" }, { "contents": "St. Boniface Roman Catholic Church\n\n\npopulation on the west side. In 1873, a two-story, red brick Italianate rectory building was built for the parish at a cost of $6,000. A stone church building was planned by the prominent local architect William M. Scott, and construction was completed in 1883 at a cost of $30,000. The parish was closed in 1989, and the building was demolished a few years later. St. Boniface Church was an eclectic example of Romanesque Revival and Ruskinian Gothic architecture. It was built in a cruciform shape from red", "id": "9736494" } ]

[ { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nchurch congregation reached its peak size in the 1950, when only 25% of the parishioners were of German descent. The first Spanish Mass was said in 1971 for the growing number of Hispanic parishioners. The congregation now is mostly Latin American. The church now offers Masses in both English and Spanish. An annual Good Friday Procession begins or ends at St. Michael's. St Michael's and La Sagrada Familia church alternate every year to begin or end at one of the two churches. There is a stop at St Patrick's", "id": "19125747" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nwhile the new building was under construction. The current church, which had its cornerstone laid in 1889, was completed five years ahead of schedule in 1892. The church building is considered a good example of High Victorian Gothic architecture with its two towers of unequal height, the taller of which rises , and three archways. An architecturally notable school adjacent to the church began construction in 1906 and was completed in 1907. For many years the church was one of the most costly and artistically notable churches in the Cleveland Diocese. The", "id": "19125746" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Michael the Archangel is a Roman Catholic church located at 3114 Scranton Road in the Clark-Fulton neighborhood on the west side of Cleveland, Ohio. The church is named in honor of St. Michael the Archangel and was completed in 1892. The congregation was founded in 1881 as a mission of Ohio City, Cleveland's St. Mary's on-the-Flats to serve a growing German immigrant population on Cleveland's west side. The original church and school building were constructed in 1883 but burned on June 29, 1891,", "id": "19125745" }, { "contents": "St. John's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n's. Trinity Cathedral is now the seat of the Episcopal Diocese of Ohio. St. John's was also the mother church to several of the west side parishes. In 1837, the Ohio City Directory described the church as follows, \"The Episcopal Church, which is not yet finished, is built of hammered stone, and has a lofty steeple. Its style of architecture is Gothic, resembling that of the ancient and venerable Cathedral. This building, when finished, will be one of the best of the kind in the", "id": "18742416" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cincinnati, Ohio)\n\n\n1847. The cornerstone was laid August 1, 1847 and the church dedicated June 4, 1848. Rev. Fr. Zoppoth was selected as the first pastor for the congregation. In 1868 St. Michael Church became the mother parish to St. Lawrence Church which was organized that same year. The Comboni Missionaries took charge of the parish in 1964. By this time many of the German-speaking families in the parish had begun to move to other parts of the city. In a mass celebrated by Daniel Edward Pilarczyk the church building was", "id": "11338583" }, { "contents": "St. Columba Cathedral (Youngstown, Ohio)\n\n\nThe first Mass celebrated in Youngstown occurred in 1826. St. Columba Parish was founded in 1847, the year that Pope Pius IX established the Diocese of Cleveland, of which Youngstown was a part. The first church was completed in 1850. As the parish grew, it required a larger church, which it completed in 1868. The first parish school building was opened three years later. The parish continued to grow and constructed yet another church which opened in 1897. Bishop Ignatius Horstmann consecrated the sanctuary in 1903. The parish added", "id": "13619245" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Stephen Church is a Roman Catholic church located in the Detroit-Shoreway neighborhood on the west side of Cleveland, Ohio. The gothic style building was designed by architects Cudell & Richardson. The current church was built in 1875 and was added into the National Register of Historic Places in 1977. St. Stephen Roman Catholic Church was founded in 1869 due to a need for a second German parish on the west side of Cleveland. The first German parish, St. Mary's, increased so much that Cleveland was in need of a", "id": "19215917" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cincinnati, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Michael the Archangel Church is a Roman Catholic church located at 2110 St. Michael Street, in Cincinnati, Ohio. The cornerstone of this church was laid in 1847 and the church dedicated a year later. The church closed April 5, 1998. As the tide of German immigrants continued to rise in Cincinnati, more churches were needed. Holy Trinity Church was the first German speaking parish. As the city grew in three directions; north, east and west; there were three parishes which descended from that parish Old St. Mary", "id": "11338581" }, { "contents": "St. John's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. John's Episcopal Church is located at 2600 Church Avenue in the Ohio City neighborhood of Cleveland, Ohio. St. John's is the oldest consecrated building in Cuyahoga county. This stone gothic revival church building was designed by Hezekiah Eldredge and built beginning in 1836 and was completed 1838. Eldridge was probably familiar with John Henry Hopkins' \"An Essay on Gothic Architecture\", the first book on Gothic ecclesiastical architecture to be published in the United States. St. John's is a good representative of a small group of American churches", "id": "18742414" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland Heights, Ohio)\n\n\nFairmount Blvd, it is a contributing property in the Fairmount Boulevard District, which is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. St. Paul's was first established in the city of Cleveland, Ohio on October 26, 1846. The congregation did not have its own building until 1851, as a frame building completed in 1849 burned completely. A small brick church in the Gothic Revival style was completed for the parish at Euclid and Sheriff (East 4th) Streets by 1858. St. Paul's congregation outgrew the church, however", "id": "18644038" }, { "contents": "Irvington, Baltimore\n\n\nPassion\", marking the beginning of St. Joseph's Monastery Parish. Construction of a new, larger church began in 1881 and was completed in 1883. Its cornerstone was placed by Cardinal James Gibbons. The original monastery, beside the church, burned down in 1883. A new monastery was completed in 1886. The monastery chapel is extant and contains an 1887 Niemann pipe organ. The congregation of St. Joseph's Monastery Parish outgrew their church building in the following century. In 1931, Archbishop Michael Joseph Curley placed the cornerstone for", "id": "5906170" }, { "contents": "St. Theodosius Russian Orthodox Cathedral\n\n\nSt. Theodosius Cathedral is an Orthodox church located on Starkweather Avenue in the Tremont neighborhood, on the near west side of Cleveland, Ohio. It is considered one of the best examples of Russian church architecture in the U.S. and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The parish is the first Orthodox parish in Cleveland and is currently under the jurisdiction of the Diocese of the Midwest of the Orthodox Church in America. St. Theodosius is perhaps best known for its appearance in the 1978 film, \"The Deer Hunter\" with", "id": "13141384" }, { "contents": "St. Casimir Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nBoth the church building and the school building are GNIS named features. The church building is listed as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. To provide properly for the large and steadily increasing number of Poles in the north-eastern part of Cleveland it was necessary to organize them into the third Polish congregation within the limits of the city. They lived too far away from St. Stanislaus Church, with which they had been affiliated, for them to conveniently either attend Mass or for their children to attend the parish school. They therefore petitioned Bishop", "id": "12488230" }, { "contents": "St. Henry's Catholic Church (Harriettsville, Ohio)\n\n\nChurch in Fulda in order to hear Mass. Virtually all of the members in the early decades were Germans or of German descent. A parish school was formed in the late 1870s, and in its first twenty years, the parish grew fourfold in membership. This growth caused the original church building to be too small: land for a new building was purchased in 1879, and construction finished in 1894. St. Henry's Church is a stone building in the Gothic Revival style; the most prominent component is a multi-story tower", "id": "19205430" }, { "contents": "St. Michael's Church, Old Town, Chicago\n\n\nSt. Michael's Church in the Old Town neighborhood of Chicago is a Roman Catholic church staffed by the Redemptorist order of priests. The parish was founded to minister to German Catholic immigrants in 1852 with its first wooden church completed that year at a cost of $750 (including the bell). The building stands at the intersection of Eugenie Street and Cleveland Avenue. The church was built as a haven for German immigrants who were outcasts in Old Chicago. In addition, the town's main church, St. Joseph's Church,", "id": "10838314" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cincinnati, Ohio)\n\n\n's Church, St. Philomena's Church and St. Joseph's Church. The three parishes were founded in 1840, 1846 and 1846 respectively. As more immigration followed, St. Michael's was founded, the first filial parish of St. Joseph. The parish was located to what was then called Storrs Township. Forty-five persons organized themselves into a congregation in the early part of 1847 and drew up a constitution for the church A lot was donated by Innocent Troenle and two additional adjacent pieces of property were bought in April and May", "id": "11338582" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Michael and St. Anthony\n\n\ntoday to mostly Poles and Italians. The church has also been noted for its Byzantine Revival architecture, complete with a dome and minaret-styled tower, making it \"one of the more unique examples of church architecture in Montréal.\" Construction on the Church of St. Michael the Archangel began in 1914, for what would grow to become the largest anglophone parish in Montreal. After a brief delay following the commencement of World War I, the church was completed in 1915 at a cost of $232,000, with a capacity of", "id": "10850773" }, { "contents": "Zion Lutheran Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nother Cleveland-area Lutheran congregations, including Trinity Lutheran Church, are Zion's daughters. The original church building was located downtown, but the east-side German community was strong enough by 1902 that the congregation deemed Prospect Avenue a better location for serving the community. From its earliest years, the congregation had sponsored a school; Zion Lutheran School was founded in 1848, at which time all scholars were instructed in German. The school moved to Prospect Avenue ahead of the church; the present building was completed in 1903,", "id": "19215937" }, { "contents": "St. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\non their behalf with papal authorities, and Charles Boehm of Hungary settled in Cleveland in late 1892 to serve the new St. Elizabeth parish, the first Hungarian nationality parish in America. Boehm immediately began registering members and advocating for the construction of a church complex; the first church building, a brick structure, was erected by the end of 1893, a school soon followed, and a larger school was completed in 1900 because of expanded enrollment. He also began a Hungarian-language parish newspaper that soon gained subscribers in other parts", "id": "19215854" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church, Madison\n\n\ndying Catholics (he was a doctor as well). Costigan is believed to have been the Catholic architect of the church. Costigan was only recorded as being a member of the parish during the construction, but details of the church building mirror his other buildings in Madison. In December 1839 St. Michael the Archangel Catholic Church was completed. As the City of Madison grew, so did its Catholic population. German–Catholics had increased highly in numbers and had formed a separate congregation within St. Michael's. In 1850, the", "id": "2385658" }, { "contents": "Pilgrim Congregational Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nonly a short time, as construction on the present building was started just 23 years after the first building was finished. The name \"Pilgrim Congregational Church\" was adopted in 1894 upon the completion of the present building; they had been styled \"Heights Congregational Church\" into the 1870s and used the name \"Jennings Avenue Congregational Church\" in the 1880s. The building was a community landmark from its earliest years — electric wiring was included in the original construction at a time when no other Cleveland buildings west of the Cuyahoga River", "id": "19215839" }, { "contents": "St. Monica Church (Manhattan)\n\n\nin 1880 he began conducting Mass over a feed store at 404 East 78th Street. The following year, he purchased land for the construction of the church and school. Construction of the first church building was completed in 1883. In 1892, the address was listed as 409 E 79th Street. The Rev. John J. Boyle served as acting rector at St. Monica's before becoming the founding pastor of St. Luke's Church (Bronx, New York). The current Gothic Revival church building was erected in 1906 to the designs of", "id": "18565781" }, { "contents": "Annunciation Church (historic) (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nAnnunciation Church (historic) (), was a Catholic parish church in Cleveland, Ohio and part of the Diocese of Cleveland. It was located at the intersection of Hurd St. and Moore St., now part of the West Side Market parking lot, in the Ohio City neighborhood. The location where the church once stood can be found, in an 1881 atlas, at the south-west corner of Hurd St. and Moore St., on the west bank of the Cuyahoga river above part of the Flats historically known as Ox", "id": "14549709" }, { "contents": "Sacred Heart of Jesus Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n. Between 1885 and 1889 a large number of Poles settled in South Cleveland, in the area of East 71st St. and Harvard Ave. They lived too far away from St. Stanislaus church for them to conveniently either attend Mass or for their children to attend the parish school. They petitioned Bishop Richard Gilmour for permission to form a new parish and build a church for their own use. The petition to form a new parish and build a church was granted, and the parish was founded in  — about 42 years after the Diocese", "id": "12287909" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland Heights, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Paul's Episcopal Church is a parish of the Episcopal Church in Cleveland Heights, Ohio. The current rector is the Rev. Jeanne Leinbach, installed on October 23, 2015. She is the first female rector of St. Paul's. Her predecessor was the Rev. Alan M. Gates, who served from 2004-2014, before his election as Bishop of Massachusetts. St. Paul's is a leading church and has the largest congregation in the Episcopal Diocese of Ohio. The church building is a Cleveland Heights landmark. Located at 2747", "id": "18644037" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nRev. Richard Gilmour. Volunteer German and Hungarian woodworkers completed the interior of the church. Over the next 40 years, the parish added a rectory, convent for the Sisters of Notre Dame and two school buildings including one for and an all girls two-year high school which opened in 1905. After World War II, St. Stephen's parish experienced unprecedented growth due to the population growth in Cleveland and throughout the country. On June 8, 1953 a tornado severely damaged the church structure. Work to restore the building began immediately", "id": "19215920" }, { "contents": "Cathedral of St. John the Evangelist (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nstyle and the Bishop laid the cornerstone October 22, 1848. Until the new building was completed in 1852, St. Mary's served as cathedral for the diocese. At the time of its completion, the new cathedral was the well beyond Cleveland's Public Square. Alterations and additions began on the church almost as soon as the initial construction was complete. In 1857, a boys' school was added and within ten years, it was joined by a parish hall and girls' school. In 1879, the parish raised sufficient", "id": "10656550" }, { "contents": "St. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nthe present building. Although the cornerstone was laid in 1918, the construction process was lengthy, and it was finally completed only in 1922. Built primarily of limestone, according to a design of Cleveland architect Emile Uhlrich, the church is an example of Italian-influenced Baroque Revival architecture, partly modelled after the church of Sant'Agnese in Agone in Rome. Two great towers, topped with cupolas, form the ends of the facade, while a great rose window sits in the middle section of the facade high above the main entrance", "id": "19215857" }, { "contents": "St. Nicholas' Catholic Church (Osgood, Ohio)\n\n\nnearby villages; St. Augustine's Church in Minster and St. Michael's Church in Fort Loramie were established by 1850, but the foundations of a parish in Osgood were not laid until 1904, and formal establishment of the parish came in 1906. In its earliest years, the Mass was celebrated in common buildings; after worshipping for a time in a school, the parishioners purchased a barn for ecclesiastical purposes. For many years, the improvement of the parish's facilities was hindered by its size; the fewness of its members meant", "id": "421917" }, { "contents": "Union–Miles Park\n\n\na congregation for African Americans, was founded 1914, and erected its first church building and school in 1916 at what is now Union Avenue and Martin Luther King Drive. The congregation that formed Archangel Michael Orthodox Church ( St. Michael's Orthodox Church) split from St. John the Baptist Orthodox Church in 1921. It began construction of its new church home at 10000 Union Avenue in April 1924, completing the structure in 1926. Although the long-standing Cataract House closed in 1917, the first Union–Miles Park movie theater,", "id": "20793486" }, { "contents": "St. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church is a historic Roman Catholic church in the Buckeye Road neighborhood on the east side of Cleveland, Ohio, United States. The earliest ethnic parish established for Hungarians in the United States, its present building was constructed in the early twentieth century, and it has been named a historic site. Cleveland's first Hungarian Catholics initially worshipped at St. Ladislaus' Church, an east-side Slovakian parish, but ethnic strife and increasing immigration prompted the Hungarian community to seek their own parish. Bishop Horstmann interceded", "id": "19215853" }, { "contents": "Sacred Heart of Jesus Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSacred Heart of Jesus (), was a Catholic parish church in Cleveland, Ohio and part of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland. It was located at the north-west corner of intersection of East 71st St. and Kazimier St., in a part of the South Broadway neighborhood previously known in Polish as \"\" and nicknamed \"Goosetown\". Both the church building and the school building are GNIS named features. The church, school, and rectory buildings are listed together as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. The church was closed", "id": "12287908" }, { "contents": "St. Mary Mother of the Redeemer Church (Norwalk, Ohio)\n\n\nSaint Mary Mother of the Redeemer Church is a parish in the Roman Catholic Diocese of Toledo. The current church is located at 38 W. League Street, Norwalk, Ohio. Construction on the building began on May 29, 1889, and was completed in 1894. The church was previously twinned with St. Alphonsus in Peru, Ohio, but was later twinned with St. Anthony in Milan, Ohio, after a mass restructuring of the diocese. The Century House was a name given to several buildings, now all demolished, within the", "id": "21671394" }, { "contents": "Pilgrim Congregational Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nPilgrim Congregational Church is a historic congregation of the United Church of Christ in Cleveland, Ohio, United States. Constructed in the 1890s for a congregation founded in the 1850s, it was named a historic site in the 1970s. Congregationalists began operating a Sunday school in Cleveland's Tremont neighborhood in 1854, and their efforts resulted in the creation of a church five years later. The members began construction of their first church building in 1865, although it was not completed until 1870. It was suitable for the congregation's needs for", "id": "19215838" }, { "contents": "Sidney Mason Stone\n\n\n; St. Patrick's Church, New Haven (1853) constructed of East Haven sandstone;First Congregational Church, Naugatuck, CT (1855) and Wooster Place Congregational Church, Wooster Square, New Haven (1855) (now the Church of St. Michael) the original design for which featured a Corinthian portico and tall steeple. In \"New Haven: A Guide to Architecture and Urban Design\", Brown remarks on St. Michael's, “The building has burned twice, the steeple blown down once...Only the side walls and tall", "id": "165241" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Dayton, Ohio)\n\n\ncentury, the parish had outgrown it, and construction began on a new building; Archbishop Moeller laid the cornerstone in July 1905 and consecrated it in November 1906. Growth continued, and St. Anthony's Church was established in 1913 by families coming out of St. Mary's. St. Mary's remains an active part of the Archdiocese of Cincinnati to the present day. Masses are celebrated both in English and in Spanish. The current St. Mary's Church is a Romanesque Revival structure built in a mix of brick and stone. Constructed", "id": "19205375" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Indianapolis, Indiana)\n\n\nuntil the Diocese of Indianapolis established Holy Rosary Catholic Church, an Italian national parish in Indianapolis in 1911. After the turn of the century, when the neighborhood become commercial, the parish purchased property at New Jersey and Vermont streets, where they built the present church, which was under construction from 1910 to 1912. St. Mary's adapted to its changing ethnic neighborhood over the years. In 1967, as the city's Spanish-speaking community began to grow, the parish began offering Sunday mass in Spanish. German-language", "id": "3660949" }, { "contents": "St. John's Catholic Church (Fryburg, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. John Catholic Church is a Roman Catholic church in the unincorporated community of Fryburg in Pusheta Township, Auglaize County, Ohio, United States. The parish was established in 1848, the same year in which the community was platted, and construction was completed in 1850. A Catholic school in connection with the church was established in 1877. Both buildings feature fine architecture: the church includes Gothic Revival elements such as ornate pilasters and lancet windows, while the former school is a good example of Federal architecture. St. John's is", "id": "11283325" }, { "contents": "St. Augustine Parish (Hartford, Connecticut)\n\n\nSt. Augustine Parish is a Roman Catholic parish located in Hartford, Connecticut. In addition to a church, the parish also administers a school, St. Augustine School. St. Augustine Parish was established in August 1902 with Fr. Michael Barry appointed as its first pastor. At that time, a church building had not yet been constructed so mass was offered at the Washington Street School until a basement chapel was completed in 1903. The current Romanesque-style church was completed in 1912 and dedicated by Bishop John J. Nilan of the then", "id": "21104070" }, { "contents": "Zion Lutheran Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nFirst Methodist, Trinity Cathedral, and St. Paul's Episcopal Church on Euclid Avenue. This condition persisted into the mid-1910s, at which point the neighborhood transitioned into a largely commercial area. Beginning after 1930, the neighborhood deteriorated as many buildings were demolished, often to create room for parking lots. In such an environment Zion Lutheran Church was constructed in 1902 and opened for public use in the following year. It is home to a congregation founded by German immigrants in 1843, the oldest extant Lutheran congregation in the city; many", "id": "19215936" }, { "contents": "Church of St Paul, Letchworth\n\n\nallow construction of the new church to begin, with the foundation stone being laid on 10 October 1923 by the Marchioness of Salisbury. Work on the first section of the building was completed including three and a half bays of the nave with arcades at the sides. This first section was consecrated by Michael Furse, the Bishop of St Albans on 3 May 1924. A tower was intended but was never built. By 1924 the church was becoming too small for its growing congregation and work on an extension began in early 1931,", "id": "1720772" }, { "contents": "Basilica of the Sacred Heart of Jesus, Syracuse\n\n\noriginal church was located across the street from the current structure. The first Mass in the new parish church was said on August 30, 1892, with the formal dedication taking place nearly a year later on June 11, 1893. The congregation outgrew the first church within a decade, and a decision was made to construct a new church. The foundations were built by parishioners in order to save money, and the cornerstone was laid in 1907. Work was completed in three years, and the church was completed and dedicated on", "id": "4119395" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n, side altars and pulpit are made entirely of oak wood and decorated with beautiful German woodcarvings. The church pews are also oak. A Mexican onyx and brass Communion rail was installed over the years and the floor of the sanctuary and aisles is made of black and white marble tiles. St. Stephen's is a fully active Roman Catholic Parish in the Diocese of Cleveland. This means that they have a full parish staff and church council. They have regular Sunday Masses as well as daily Masses. German Mass is offered every first", "id": "19215923" }, { "contents": "Roncesvalles, Toronto\n\n\nWomenpriests at the church. St. Casimir's Polish Roman Catholic Church at Garden Avenue, offers Polish masses on Sundays. Its origins begin in 1944 when the Oblate Mission decided to create the third Polish parish (and first in the west end) in Toronto. The lot on which the church stands today was purchased for $15,000 in 1948 and construction on the parish hall began the same year. The first mass was held in the church hall in 1949. The church was completed and officially began offering mass on May 23,", "id": "3040916" }, { "contents": "Rajavoor\n\n\nSt. Michael's Shrine which is located at the center part of Rajavoor. The annual feast starts on the first Friday of May with a flag hoisting followed by a ten-day Mass and adoration. The eighth, ninth and tenth days are marked with a car procession to St. Michael Archangel, carnival ended with High Mass in front of the Holy Cars. The Roman Catholics and parish are administered by the Kottar Diocese. Another notable church, Our Lady of Presentation (Kaanikkai Maathaa) Church is attached to the Rajavoor Parish as", "id": "4595849" }, { "contents": "Transfiguration Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nBaptist Church in the nearby suburb of Garfield Heights, Ohio, which had a large, new structure. In April 1943, Trinity Baptist Church sold its building to the Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland for $35,000 ($ in dollars). The Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland erected Transfiguration Parish on July 30, 1943. The parish was divided from nearby Immaculate Heart of Mary Church and Shrine Church of St. Stanislaus parishes. Reverend Joseph F. Zabawa was named the pastor of the new congregation, which took up residence in the Trinity", "id": "20542089" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Augustine (Larchmont, New York)\n\n\nThe Church of St. Augustine is a Roman Catholic church located in Larchmont, New York. The parish having been founded in 1892, the present Gothic Revival church building was constructed in 1928. With a growing number of Catholics living in Larchmont, New York—many of them domestic servants who attended Blessed Sacrament Church in New Rochelle or Most Holy Trinity Church in Mamaroneck—the Archbishop of New York, Michael Corrigan, created the parish of St. Augustine was created in 1892. The decision to establish a parish was motivated in part", "id": "19300736" }, { "contents": "St. Barbara Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Barbara Catholic Church () is a parish of the Roman Catholic Church in Cleveland, Ohio, within the Diocese of Cleveland. The parish church is located on Denison Ave. between West 16th St. and the southbound entrance to SR 176, in a part of the Brooklyn Centre neighborhood previously known in Polish as . The red brick parish church, designed by H.C. Gabele, is a local landmark. It is a GNIS named feature. The church, rectory and convent buildings are listed together as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. The", "id": "13695356" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\ntwo years the parishioners worshipped in a hotel before constructing a building at Fourth and Euclid downtown. A fire destroyed the structure before it was completed, but people throughout the city contributed funds to build a brick replacement in 1851. By the 1870s, the streets surrounding the church had become primarily commercial, so the vestry sold the building and rented halls while building the present church eastward on Euclid Avenue. Its placement amid the wealthy Millionaire's Row district soon caused it to become a symbol of the neighborhood. However, the membership", "id": "19215901" }, { "contents": "St Michael the Archangel Church, Chatham\n\n\nHeart Church in Luton. St Paulinus Church was built in 1788 as a Wesleyan Chapel. In 1892, it was bought by the local Catholic Church. Sacred Heart Church was built in 1949. On 26 June 1949, its foundation stone was laid by the parish priest of St Michael's Church. St Paulinus Church has one Sunday Mass at 9:00am. Sacred Heart Church also has one Sunday Mass, it is at 10:30am. St Michael's Church has four Sunday Masses: 6:30pm on Saturday and 9:30am, 11:00am and 6:00pm on", "id": "19228802" }, { "contents": "St Michael and All Angels Church, Kingaroy\n\n\n's construction. Architect Colin Deighton, who was assistant to John Hingeston Buckeridge, the Anglican Diocese of Brisbane Architect between 1887 and 1901, designed the church. Deighton designed a number of country churches and St Colomb's Anglican Church at Clayfield in Brisbane. The foundation stone of St Michael and All Angels Church was laid on 10 November 1910 by the Venerable Arthur Rivers, Archdeacon of Toowoomba. Construction of the building, which was to seat 250 worshippers, began in December 1910 and was completed in 1911. Its cost, including", "id": "3972006" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Catholic Church (Chicago)\n\n\nSt. Michael () is a church of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Chicago. The current church is located at E. 83rd Street and S. South Shore Drive in South Chicago, a neighborhood of Chicago, Illinois. It is a prime example of the so-called \"Polish Cathedral style\" of churches in both its opulence and grand scale. Along with Immaculate Conception, it is one of the two monumental Polish churches dominating over the South Chicago neighborhood. Founded in 1892 as a Polish parish in Chicago to relieve overcrowding at Immaculate", "id": "20616064" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nof St. Stephen's for 38 years. In 1873, Fr. Reichlin realized that a new church building was needed to accommodate the growing parish. The Cleveland-based architect firm called Cudell & Richardson was hired to build the structure that still stands today as St. Stephen's Roman Catholic Church. Due to economic depression in the mid-1870s, work on the new building was stopped. Parishioners mortgaged their own properties to raise funds for the new church. It was dedicated on November 20, 1881 by the second bishop of Cleveland,", "id": "19215919" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church, Madison\n\n\n1992, the parishes of St. Mary's and St. Michael's became one community of faith, with one priest, Father John Meyer, and two church buildings. Saturday night mass was held at St. Michael's for St. Michael's ‘parishioners,’ and on Sunday morning, mass was held at St. Mary's. In 1993, the area's two other Catholic Churches (St. Patrick's and St. Anthony's) were merged with St. Mary's-St. Michael's as well. St. Michael's had extensive roof damage", "id": "2385663" }, { "contents": "St. Michael's Church, Hildesheim\n\n\nin 1010 and dedicated the still unfinished building to Michael on the archangel's feast day, 29 September 1022, just a few weeks before his death. Construction, however, continued under his successor, Bishop Godehard (died 1038), who completed the work in 1031 and reconsecrated the church to Michael on September 29 of that year. The church has double choirs east and west, double tripartite transepts at either end of the nave, and six towers----two large ones over the crossings east and west, and four other tall and", "id": "721679" }, { "contents": "St. Augustine's Catholic Church (Napoleon, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Augustine's Catholic Church is a historic church in Napoleon, Ohio, United States. Located on the edge of the city's downtown, two blocks away from the Henry County Courthouse, the church is a prominent landmark in Napoleon. St. Augustine Parish was founded at some point between 1856 and 1858; its first priest was Michael Pietz. The parish was dedicated to St. Augustine in honor of Augustine Pilliod, who supervised the construction of its first building. This structure was replaced with the current church, which was built at", "id": "13450149" }, { "contents": "Saint Patrick's Church (Dubuque, Iowa)\n\n\nMcCabe was assigned as the first resident pastor. The cornerstone of the present brick church was laid in 1877, and the building dedicated on August 15, 1878. In 1928, the Rev. J.J. Hanley remodeled and enlarged the church. St. Patrick Church was originally built for service to the Irish settlers of Dubuque and while the parish has maintained a healthy respect for its Irish heritage over its many years of service, the parish now specializes in service to the Hispanic residents of Dubuque. The parish offers a Spanish Mass on Sundays,", "id": "20590874" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nsecond parish for German-speaking Catholics. In April 1869 the first bishop of Cleveland, Bishop Louis Amadeus Rappe, appointed Fr. Stephen Falk to have a two-story building built. The building would be used as a church on the upper level and a school on the lower level to accommodate the 200 families from St. Mary's that lived west of 44th Street. The newly ordained Fr. Casimir Reichlin became the first pastor and said the first Mass of the parish on May 1, 1870. He served as pastor", "id": "19215918" }, { "contents": "Immaculate Conception Catholic Church (Fulda, Ohio)\n\n\n. Construction began on a small church building under the ministry of the priest from Miltonsburg, and Archbishop Purcell of Cincinnati dedicated it in 1853. Ten years later, the parishioners constructed a parish school, and a rectory followed in 1866; its large size and pretentious architecture resulted in a high construction cost of $2,500. By this time, the original church building had become entirely inadequate for the needs of the congregation, and replacement plans were laid; the cornerstone was laid in May 1874, and Bishop Rosecrans of Columbus dedicated", "id": "19205436" }, { "contents": "St. Vitus's Church, Cleveland\n\n\nSt. Vitus is a parish of the Roman Catholic Church in Cleveland, Ohio, United States, in the Diocese of Cleveland. The parish church, located at 6019 Lausche Avenue in the St. Clair-Superior neighborhood, was completed in 1932. The first documented Slovenian to settle in the Cleveland area was Joseph Turk, who came about 1883, most likely from Carniola, and settled on Marble Avenue, near the steel mills. He helped organize the Catholic Slovenes in Cleveland, and requested that Bishop Richard Gilmour of Cleveland appoint a", "id": "916020" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Catholic Church (St. Patrick, Ohio)\n\n\nrectory in 1919 to house its pastor; before its construction, St. Patrick's was served by priests from St. Michael's Church in Fort Loramie to the southwest. In 1977, the church and rectory were recorded by the Ohio Historic Inventory for the purpose of historic preservation; both buildings were ranked in good condition without any significant risks. Two years later, they were listed together on the National Register of Historic Places, along with over thirty other buildings in the Land of the Cross-Tipped Churches. When these churches were", "id": "15760892" }, { "contents": "Cathedral of St Michael and St John\n\n\n. In that year work commenced on a permanent church building located on the corner of George and Keppel Streets. St Michael's Church was a Victorian Gothic style building constructed in brick. It was in use by 1841 but appears not to have been completed until 1846 when leadlight windows were installed. Bishop John Bede Polding (1794-1877), first Catholic Archbishop of Sydney, was interested in fostering the English Gothic style of architecture in his diocese. He arranged for plans for significant churches to be prepared by English architects including", "id": "17452035" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Cathedral, Thunder Bay\n\n\n. From there, St. Patrick's Church was one of many churches that was missioned to the First Nations in Northern Ontario, as well as St. Andrew's Church, which was handed over to the diocese in 1997. St. Patrick's was built in 1892, the same year as Thunder Bay was incorporated as a town. The foundation stone was laid on 10 October 1891, and the first Mass was celebrated on 21 August 1892. The Jesuit parish priests made plans for the construction of an elementary school later that decade.", "id": "14488629" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Catholic Church (Toledo, Ohio)\n\n\nfor use in a new building. Fr. Edward Hannin, pastor of St. Patrick's, set out to create \"the finest church in this part of the land,\" for his congregation and began to raise money for construction. When it was completed, St. Patrick's was considered one of the finest examples of Gothic Revival architecture in the United States. The exterior is constructed of Amherst blue sandstone and the interior contains ten red granite columns. The church was dedicated on April 13, 1901. The church underwent extensive", "id": "9145471" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Dayton, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Mary's Catholic Church is a historic Catholic church building in an eastern neighborhood of Dayton, Ohio, United States. Constructed at the beginning of the twentieth century, it remains home to an active parish. Its grand architecture has made it an aviator's landmark, and it has been named a historic site by the federal government. Emanuel Church, the first Catholic parish in Dayton, was formed in 1837. Many English-speaking families left to form a separate parish in 1846, but Emanuel continued growing to the point", "id": "19205373" }, { "contents": "Church of St. James the Less\n\n\nmission. Weekly celebration of Mass resumed on Sundays at 5:00 pm. The breakaway congregation now meets at the Holy Cross Catholic church and is known as the Church of Saint Michael the Archangel. During the controversy, the parish school closed circa 2006. As part of its mandate, Saint Mark's Church began a fundraising effort to open a new parish school to serve this local community. In 2009 and 2010, the St. Mark's congregation (together with St. Francis Episcopal Church in Potomac, Maryland) sponsored Vacation Bible School at", "id": "12322466" }, { "contents": "St. John's Evangelical Lutheran Church (Springfield, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. John's Evangelical Lutheran Church is a historic Lutheran church in downtown Springfield, Ohio, United States. Founded as a German-speaking parish in Springfield's early days, it grew rapidly during its first few decades, and its present large church building was constructed in the 1890s under the direction of one of Springfield's leading architects. The congregation remains in the landmark church building, which has been named a historic site. Springfield's first Lutheran congregation was organized in May 1841, and a separate group of German Lutherans began", "id": "18832000" }, { "contents": "St Michael and St John Church, Clitheroe\n\n\nGrade II listed building. In September 2008, the Jesuits handed the church over to the Diocese of Salford who continue to serve the parish. Two years later, the parish merged with St Mary Queen of Peace Church in Sabden to form the parish of Our Lady of the Valley. St Mary's was built in 1877 and it was made into a parish in 1909, so that the parishioners did not have to travel the sizeable distance to attend Mass in Clitheroe. The parish has two Sunday Masses at St Michael and St", "id": "5090732" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n. St. Paul's church building is one of just six Gothic Revival churches built in Cleveland during the 1870s that survived into the 1980s. At one time considered Cleveland's grandest and largest church, it is distinguished by the unusual architecture of the peak of the bell tower, and the open interior features extensive detailing, along with seating for one thousand worshippers. Covered with sandstone from Berea, the building was a work of Gordon W. Lloyd, a Detroit architect who also produced grand churches in Ohio cities of various sizes, ranging", "id": "19215903" }, { "contents": "St. Aloysius' Catholic Church (Carthagena, Ohio)\n\n\nerected in 1865. In their earliest years, the people worshipped in the chapel of the adjacent St. Charles Seminary. Throughout its history, the church has been significantly influenced by the seminary, which trained the priests of the Missionaries of the Precious Blood and provided pastors for the church. As its membership grew, the parish decided to construct a church building. Plans were laid and construction began in 1875; the cornerstone was laid in May 1877, and the church was consecrated on June 30, 1878; the parishioners had performed", "id": "20255448" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Church (Monroe, Michigan)\n\n\nto come. St. Michael Church is located along the River Raisin on West Front Street in the city of Monroe, MI. The 183 foot steeple isn't hard to miss. When you come into Monroe you can easily see St. Michael's A tradition at St. Michael Church is the parish prayer. It is said before the beginning of every mass. It reads: \"Lord, God, we glorify Your holy name and thank you for calling us, the people of Saint Michael the Archangel Parish, to be one in", "id": "12346363" }, { "contents": "St Michael and All Angels Church, Barton Turf\n\n\nSt Michael and All Angels is the Church of England parish church of Barton Turf in the county of Norfolk in England. See Inside here. It stands about a kilometre south-west of the village in the midst of a plantation of trees. Particularly notable for its surviving paintings, the church is listed with Grade I. The building was at first constructed in rather an undistinguished Perpendicular style, possessing a tower at the west end of the church. The church is best known for the twelve panels of its late-Gothic rood", "id": "15249529" }, { "contents": "St Michael and All Angels' Church, Haworth\n\n\nSt Michael and All Angels' Church is the Church of England parish church of Haworth, West Yorkshire. The current structure, the third church building on the site, was built between 1879 and 1881 although parts of the original medieval church building, notably the tower, survive from earlier periods. The church is best known for its historic association with the Brontë sisters whose father Revd. Patrick Brontë served as minister of the parish between 1820 and 1861. A chapel has existed on the site since 1488, though records held at", "id": "17201346" }, { "contents": "St. Peter Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Peter Church (), is a Catholic parish church in Cleveland, Ohio and part of the Diocese of Cleveland. Founded in , it is located at the intersection of Superior Ave. near East 17th St., in the Downtown neighborhood. The church is a longstanding city landmark; George Francis Houck, then the Chancellor, wrote in 1903 that, \"One of the landmarks of the city and Diocese of Cleveland is St. Peter's Church.\" It is listed as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. It is also a named", "id": "13925952" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Church (Monroe, Michigan)\n\n\n. It was used as a church on the first floor and on the second it was used for the school. Later it would only be used as St. Michael School. Then in 1866 the cornerstone for the present church was laid. The large 187 foot steeple wasn't added until 1883. In 1874 the 3-story rectory was built east of the church. In 1918 the parish built the present building of St. Michael School which is now a part of Monroe Catholic Elementary Schools. The movement to establish the parish started in 1845", "id": "12346356" }, { "contents": "St. Casimir Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nRichard Gilmour for permission to form a new parish and build a church for their own use. In December 1891, Monsignor Felix Boff, V.G., administrator of the diocese, granted the required permission. Those parishioners left to form St. Casimir Church in 1891. The parish was founded in 1891 — about 44 years after the Diocese of Cleveland was erected by Pope Pius IX. In December, 1891, Boff appointed Father Benedict Rosinski, pastor of St. Adalbert's, Berea, Ohio, to take charge of the mission. On", "id": "12488231" }, { "contents": "St James' Church, Forest Gate\n\n\nSt James' Church, Forest Gate was a church in Forest Gate, east London. Its origins lay in an iron building constructed around 1870 to serve a conventional district. A parish was formed for it in 1881 from those of Emmanuel Church, All Saints and St John's and its permanent church completed the following year, with an organ moved from St Matthew's Church, Friday Street. The church was demolished in 1964 and for two years its congregation worshiped in the Durning Hall Community Centre's chapel until the parish was", "id": "17208906" }, { "contents": "North Presbyterian Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nNorth Presbyterian Church is a historic Presbyterian church on the east side of Cleveland, Ohio, United States. Constructed in the 1880s, the church building has been named a historic site. Throughout its history, the congregation has been focused on Sunday school work. North Presbyterian Church developed out of a mission Sunday school established in east-side Cleveland in 1859. The local presbytery organized a congregation out of the Sunday school in 1867, and within a short while, the new congregation formed the first of two mission Sunday schools in", "id": "19215693" }, { "contents": "St. Vitus's Church, Cleveland\n\n\nVitus to work on the interior. It was finished for the centennial celebration of the parish later that year. St. Vitus remains a strong parish, but Fr. Božnar works with Bishop Lennon's programs to cluster parishes in order to increase strength for inner-city parishes. The church building of St. Vitus itself is constructed in the Lombard-Roman style with pale yellow Falston brick. It is 141 feet long and 100 feet wide with an attached parish house on its west side. Its two Romanesque bell towers reach 110 feet", "id": "916027" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Michael (St. Michael, Minnesota)\n\n\nof the church came from Saint John's Abbey in Collegeville. In 1866 a new church was built in the center of the town and served for about 25 years. In 1890 the parish built a Gothic Revival building, which was the largest church in Wright County at the time. The building features ornate statues and German woodcarvings. Although the parish had a mostly German ethnicity for many years, since 1985 the number of families in the parish doubled, and it no longer appears to be an ethnic parish. In 2004 the", "id": "1327870" }, { "contents": "St. Thomas Church (Underhill, Vermont)\n\n\nSt. Thomas Church is a Roman Catholic church in the Town of Underhill, Vermont in the United States, located in the unincorporated village of \"Underhill Center\". The church was built from 1891-92 after its predecessor had burned down on 19 December 1890. The cornerstone for the current St. Thomas Church building was laid on 12 August 1891 at an event that had an estimated 1,000 attendees. Although the construction period spanned from 1 May 1891 until December 1892, the first Mass was nevertheless held in the basement of the church", "id": "6739395" }, { "contents": "St. William Parish (Lawncrest)\n\n\n1950s and 60's, saw many changes come to the physical plant of the Parish that reflected the housing boom of the area, the economic upswing of the times and the growing parish population. Many of the original \"Motley Buildings\" were completely replaced. The Middle School (Junior High/Upper School) building was built and later an additional floor was added. When consideration was had for the completion of the Upper Church, it was found that the basement church was not structurally sufficient to support additional construction. In 1955", "id": "10364503" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Michael the Archangel, Katowice\n\n\nChurch of St. Michael Archangel () is one of the oldest buildings in Katowice. It's located in Kościuszko Park, where it was moved in 1938 from the village Syrynia, where it was originally constructed in 1510. It is under the invocation of St. Michael. It has end-fitted log framework construction and shingled roof. Free-standing belltower was completed before 1679; it has historic lych-gate and wooden fence around the churchyard. The church of St. Michael Archangel was first built in 1305 in Syrynia, near", "id": "21359049" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Catholic Church (St. Patrick, Ohio)\n\n\n's was closely connected to many other churches in western Ohio: wide areas of western Ohio that were primarily settled by Catholics feature large churches at sparsely-populated crossroads. While most of these churches are constructed in the Gothic Revival style of architecture, some of the newer churches of the region — including St. Patrick's — appear in a variety of styles; St. Patrick's was one of the few that lacked the high steeples of the Gothic Revival structures. The leading role of these churches in western Shelby County and the lands", "id": "15760890" }, { "contents": "St Michael's Roman Catholic Church, Linlithgow\n\n\nchildren the congregation capitalised on the spirit of cooperation and community and set out to build a school. Located on a site next to the church St. Joseph's school was opened on 1 July 1889 and served the children of the parish until 1964 when new premises were occupied at Preston Road. Although during this time Fr Easson had replaced Fr Murphy as parish priest there was no change of emphasis and all the parish energies were engaged in the effort to complete the church building programme. Plans to double the size of the church were", "id": "17679127" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Delaware, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Mary's Catholic Church is a historic Catholic parish church in the city of Delaware, Ohio, United States. Constructed in the 1880s, this grand building is home to a congregation established in the middle of the nineteenth century. Its grand style has long made it a community landmark, and it was named a historic landmark in 1980. Delaware's first Masses were celebrated by travelling priests in the homes of the city's few Catholics, most of whom were Irish or German immigrants. The members built the first St. Mary", "id": "2642749" }, { "contents": "Church of the Resurrection (Rye, New York)\n\n\nin 1881 at the intersection of Purchase Street and the Boston Post Road, where services were then offered. The parish was incorporated on January 29, 1886, and title to the property was transferred from the archdiocese to the parish itself. A new church building was completed in 1889 on Purchase Street, while the former building was used as the rectory. Thereafter, construction of a parochial school on the Boston Post Road began in 1906 and was completed two years later. With the number of parishioners growing, the church purchased land", "id": "19300829" }, { "contents": "Near North Side, Chicago\n\n\n, most of this area was an enclave to the first emigrants from Puerto Rico to Chicago, who referred to it as part of \"La Clark\" until commercialization decorated late 1960s shop signs with the name of Old Town. The neighborhood is home to St. Michael's Church, originally built to serve German immigrants, and one of only 7 to survive the great Chicago fire. St. Michael's, Holy Name Cathedral, Immaculate Conception, and St. Joseph's Catholic churches all catered to Latinos with a Mass in Spanish. Many", "id": "1540930" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Massillon, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Mary's Catholic Church is a historic Catholic church building in the city of Massillon, Ohio, United States. Constructed in 1876 for a congregation composed largely of European immigrants, it has been named a historic site. The origins of St. Mary parish lie among numerous Germans and Irish who settled in Massillon in its early years and built a small house of worship on Cherry Road in the 1840s. This building stood until 1875, when it was destroyed so that the present church might occupy its location; it was built in", "id": "19205828" }, { "contents": "St. Anne Church (Berlin, New Hampshire)\n\n\nSt. Anne Church is a historic church at 58 Church Street in Berlin, New Hampshire, United States. It is the church for Good Shepherd Parish within the Roman Catholic Diocese of Manchester. St. Anne Parish was founded in 1867, and was Berlin's first Roman Catholic congregation. It was merged with Guardian Angel Parish, St. Joseph Parish, and St. Kieran Parish in 2000 to form Good Shepherd Parish. Its building, constructed in 1900, is an important local example of Romanesque architecture, and was listed on the National Register", "id": "2452362" }, { "contents": "St. Peter Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n, put up by Luhr, was torn down and replaced by a large pastoral residence adjoining the rear of the church, at a cost of $12,000. In the same year a third story was added to St. Peter's school building, and arranged for a parish hall, containing a stage and other conveniences, at a cost of $10,000. In the synod of January 3, 1889, St. Peter's congregation was the first mentioned among the nine principal churches of the diocese which Gilmour named as rectorates, with an", "id": "13925965" }, { "contents": "Trinity Cathedral (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nfirst church building built within the village limits of Cleveland. In 1846, to meet the needs of a growing parish, plans for a larger, centralized building just east of Public Square commenced. The congregation moved into the larger stone structure in the Gothic style on Superior Avenue in 1855. In 1890, Trinity Church was offered to Bishop William A. Leonard for use as a cathedral for the Diocese of Ohio. The congregation would maintain the building and it would serve dual roles as the parish church and cathedral for the diocese.", "id": "19215933" }, { "contents": "St. Andrew's Cathedral (Jackson, Mississippi)\n\n\nat the time that was not located along the Mississippi River. Its church was burned by the Union Army during the American Civil War in 1863. The cornerstone for the second church was laid by the Rt. Rev. William Mercer Green in 1869. By the turn of the Twentieth Century the congregation had outgrown its church building and the present structure was completed in 1903. The Parish House was constructed between 1923 and 1924. The congregation continued to grow and the building along West Street was built in 1955. The bishop moved his", "id": "20556538" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Evansville, Indiana)\n\n\nservice in the first church building was held on April 15, 1883. While construction ensued, a congregant and frequent benefactor, Charles Viele, offered the use of Viele Hall (located on 2nd street between Main and Sycamore streets) to St. Paul's parish. The cornerstone for new St. Paul's was laid on September 3, 1883, and construction completed on March 2, 1886 with Bishop D.B. Knickerbacker consecrating the new building. Charles and Mary Viele continued to sponsor further construction on the church grounds - first with a rectory", "id": "20407572" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Church (Monroe, Michigan)\n\n\nSaint Michael the Archangel Church (St. Michael Church) is located on the west side of the city of Monroe, Michigan along the River Raisin. It is home to 1,200 families and it is one of most important religious institutes in Monroe County. It was founded in the year 1852. The present building was built from 1866-1867. It is in the Archdiocese of Detroit. Its current priest is Rev. Phillip Ching. When the parish was first established, the mayor of Monroe palatial residence was remodeled as a temporary church", "id": "12346355" }, { "contents": "St. Mary Congregational Church\n\n\nSt. Mary Congregational Church in Abbeville, Louisiana is the oldest incorporated, predominantly African-American church in Vermilion Parish. Its historic Gothic Revival style church at 213 S. Louisiana Avenue, constructed in 1905 to replace a previous building, was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1999. American Missionary Association records show the congregation dates to at least 1877. The structure is a three-bay, gable-fronted church with a prominent corner tower. The tower is three-stage and square. The church is currently non", "id": "17676536" }, { "contents": "St. Charles of the Valley Catholic Church and Rectory\n\n\nSt. Charles Borromeo Church is a Catholic parish in Hailey, Idaho, in the Diocese of Boise. Its historic parish church and rectory complex, located at Pine and S. 1st Streets, is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Fr. E.M. Nattini began ministering in the Wood River Valley in the 1880s. The population was growing rapidly, and he was soon able to raise funds for the construction of the first church of St. Charles, which began June 17, 1883. It was the first Catholic church ineast of", "id": "20581174" }, { "contents": "Sacred Heart Catholic Church (Dayton, Ohio)\n\n\nprompted some of the members to leave in July 1883 and establish Sacred Heart Church; under the leadership of St. Joseph's associate pastor Hugh McDevitt, the congregation rented a meeting hall while waiting for the construction of their building. Land for the present church was purchased for $19,000, and William Henry Elder laid the cornerstone in June 1888. Exterior work was completed in the following year, and by 1893 construction was close enough to completion that the congregation could begin worshipping in their building. The building was consecrated by Bishop Maes", "id": "22206155" }, { "contents": "St. Vincent de Paul Church (Pontiac, Michigan)\n\n\n. The church continued to grow, and in the 1880s, the Reverend Fridolin Baumgartner began raising funds for the construction of the present church. The congregation hired the Detroit architecture firm of Donaldson & Meier to design the church, and the cornerstone was laid on September 6, 1885. The church was dedicated two years later, on September 18, 1887. A 6600-pound bell was installed in the church in 1890. A rectory was constructed in 1895, a school building was added in 1897, and a parish hall in 1911", "id": "19268922" }, { "contents": "St. Boniface Roman Catholic Church\n\n\npopulation on the west side. In 1873, a two-story, red brick Italianate rectory building was built for the parish at a cost of $6,000. A stone church building was planned by the prominent local architect William M. Scott, and construction was completed in 1883 at a cost of $30,000. The parish was closed in 1989, and the building was demolished a few years later. St. Boniface Church was an eclectic example of Romanesque Revival and Ruskinian Gothic architecture. It was built in a cruciform shape from red", "id": "9736494" } ]

[ { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nchurch congregation reached its peak size in the 1950, when only 25% of the parishioners were of German descent. The first Spanish Mass was said in 1971 for the growing number of Hispanic parishioners. The congregation now is mostly Latin American. The church now offers Masses in both English and Spanish. An annual Good Friday Procession begins or ends at St. Michael's. St Michael's and La Sagrada Familia church alternate every year to begin or end at one of the two churches. There is a stop at St Patrick's", "id": "19125747" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nwhile the new building was under construction. The current church, which had its cornerstone laid in 1889, was completed five years ahead of schedule in 1892. The church building is considered a good example of High Victorian Gothic architecture with its two towers of unequal height, the taller of which rises , and three archways. An architecturally notable school adjacent to the church began construction in 1906 and was completed in 1907. For many years the church was one of the most costly and artistically notable churches in the Cleveland Diocese. The", "id": "19125746" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Michael the Archangel is a Roman Catholic church located at 3114 Scranton Road in the Clark-Fulton neighborhood on the west side of Cleveland, Ohio. The church is named in honor of St. Michael the Archangel and was completed in 1892. The congregation was founded in 1881 as a mission of Ohio City, Cleveland's St. Mary's on-the-Flats to serve a growing German immigrant population on Cleveland's west side. The original church and school building were constructed in 1883 but burned on June 29, 1891,", "id": "19125745" }, { "contents": "St. John's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n's. Trinity Cathedral is now the seat of the Episcopal Diocese of Ohio. St. John's was also the mother church to several of the west side parishes. In 1837, the Ohio City Directory described the church as follows, \"The Episcopal Church, which is not yet finished, is built of hammered stone, and has a lofty steeple. Its style of architecture is Gothic, resembling that of the ancient and venerable Cathedral. This building, when finished, will be one of the best of the kind in the", "id": "18742416" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cincinnati, Ohio)\n\n\n1847. The cornerstone was laid August 1, 1847 and the church dedicated June 4, 1848. Rev. Fr. Zoppoth was selected as the first pastor for the congregation. In 1868 St. Michael Church became the mother parish to St. Lawrence Church which was organized that same year. The Comboni Missionaries took charge of the parish in 1964. By this time many of the German-speaking families in the parish had begun to move to other parts of the city. In a mass celebrated by Daniel Edward Pilarczyk the church building was", "id": "11338583" }, { "contents": "St. Columba Cathedral (Youngstown, Ohio)\n\n\nThe first Mass celebrated in Youngstown occurred in 1826. St. Columba Parish was founded in 1847, the year that Pope Pius IX established the Diocese of Cleveland, of which Youngstown was a part. The first church was completed in 1850. As the parish grew, it required a larger church, which it completed in 1868. The first parish school building was opened three years later. The parish continued to grow and constructed yet another church which opened in 1897. Bishop Ignatius Horstmann consecrated the sanctuary in 1903. The parish added", "id": "13619245" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Stephen Church is a Roman Catholic church located in the Detroit-Shoreway neighborhood on the west side of Cleveland, Ohio. The gothic style building was designed by architects Cudell & Richardson. The current church was built in 1875 and was added into the National Register of Historic Places in 1977. St. Stephen Roman Catholic Church was founded in 1869 due to a need for a second German parish on the west side of Cleveland. The first German parish, St. Mary's, increased so much that Cleveland was in need of a", "id": "19215917" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cincinnati, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Michael the Archangel Church is a Roman Catholic church located at 2110 St. Michael Street, in Cincinnati, Ohio. The cornerstone of this church was laid in 1847 and the church dedicated a year later. The church closed April 5, 1998. As the tide of German immigrants continued to rise in Cincinnati, more churches were needed. Holy Trinity Church was the first German speaking parish. As the city grew in three directions; north, east and west; there were three parishes which descended from that parish Old St. Mary", "id": "11338581" }, { "contents": "St. John's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. John's Episcopal Church is located at 2600 Church Avenue in the Ohio City neighborhood of Cleveland, Ohio. St. John's is the oldest consecrated building in Cuyahoga county. This stone gothic revival church building was designed by Hezekiah Eldredge and built beginning in 1836 and was completed 1838. Eldridge was probably familiar with John Henry Hopkins' \"An Essay on Gothic Architecture\", the first book on Gothic ecclesiastical architecture to be published in the United States. St. John's is a good representative of a small group of American churches", "id": "18742414" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland Heights, Ohio)\n\n\nFairmount Blvd, it is a contributing property in the Fairmount Boulevard District, which is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. St. Paul's was first established in the city of Cleveland, Ohio on October 26, 1846. The congregation did not have its own building until 1851, as a frame building completed in 1849 burned completely. A small brick church in the Gothic Revival style was completed for the parish at Euclid and Sheriff (East 4th) Streets by 1858. St. Paul's congregation outgrew the church, however", "id": "18644038" }, { "contents": "Irvington, Baltimore\n\n\nPassion\", marking the beginning of St. Joseph's Monastery Parish. Construction of a new, larger church began in 1881 and was completed in 1883. Its cornerstone was placed by Cardinal James Gibbons. The original monastery, beside the church, burned down in 1883. A new monastery was completed in 1886. The monastery chapel is extant and contains an 1887 Niemann pipe organ. The congregation of St. Joseph's Monastery Parish outgrew their church building in the following century. In 1931, Archbishop Michael Joseph Curley placed the cornerstone for", "id": "5906170" }, { "contents": "St. Theodosius Russian Orthodox Cathedral\n\n\nSt. Theodosius Cathedral is an Orthodox church located on Starkweather Avenue in the Tremont neighborhood, on the near west side of Cleveland, Ohio. It is considered one of the best examples of Russian church architecture in the U.S. and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The parish is the first Orthodox parish in Cleveland and is currently under the jurisdiction of the Diocese of the Midwest of the Orthodox Church in America. St. Theodosius is perhaps best known for its appearance in the 1978 film, \"The Deer Hunter\" with", "id": "13141384" }, { "contents": "St. Casimir Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nBoth the church building and the school building are GNIS named features. The church building is listed as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. To provide properly for the large and steadily increasing number of Poles in the north-eastern part of Cleveland it was necessary to organize them into the third Polish congregation within the limits of the city. They lived too far away from St. Stanislaus Church, with which they had been affiliated, for them to conveniently either attend Mass or for their children to attend the parish school. They therefore petitioned Bishop", "id": "12488230" }, { "contents": "St. Henry's Catholic Church (Harriettsville, Ohio)\n\n\nChurch in Fulda in order to hear Mass. Virtually all of the members in the early decades were Germans or of German descent. A parish school was formed in the late 1870s, and in its first twenty years, the parish grew fourfold in membership. This growth caused the original church building to be too small: land for a new building was purchased in 1879, and construction finished in 1894. St. Henry's Church is a stone building in the Gothic Revival style; the most prominent component is a multi-story tower", "id": "19205430" }, { "contents": "St. Michael's Church, Old Town, Chicago\n\n\nSt. Michael's Church in the Old Town neighborhood of Chicago is a Roman Catholic church staffed by the Redemptorist order of priests. The parish was founded to minister to German Catholic immigrants in 1852 with its first wooden church completed that year at a cost of $750 (including the bell). The building stands at the intersection of Eugenie Street and Cleveland Avenue. The church was built as a haven for German immigrants who were outcasts in Old Chicago. In addition, the town's main church, St. Joseph's Church,", "id": "10838314" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cincinnati, Ohio)\n\n\n's Church, St. Philomena's Church and St. Joseph's Church. The three parishes were founded in 1840, 1846 and 1846 respectively. As more immigration followed, St. Michael's was founded, the first filial parish of St. Joseph. The parish was located to what was then called Storrs Township. Forty-five persons organized themselves into a congregation in the early part of 1847 and drew up a constitution for the church A lot was donated by Innocent Troenle and two additional adjacent pieces of property were bought in April and May", "id": "11338582" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Michael and St. Anthony\n\n\ntoday to mostly Poles and Italians. The church has also been noted for its Byzantine Revival architecture, complete with a dome and minaret-styled tower, making it \"one of the more unique examples of church architecture in Montréal.\" Construction on the Church of St. Michael the Archangel began in 1914, for what would grow to become the largest anglophone parish in Montreal. After a brief delay following the commencement of World War I, the church was completed in 1915 at a cost of $232,000, with a capacity of", "id": "10850773" }, { "contents": "Zion Lutheran Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nother Cleveland-area Lutheran congregations, including Trinity Lutheran Church, are Zion's daughters. The original church building was located downtown, but the east-side German community was strong enough by 1902 that the congregation deemed Prospect Avenue a better location for serving the community. From its earliest years, the congregation had sponsored a school; Zion Lutheran School was founded in 1848, at which time all scholars were instructed in German. The school moved to Prospect Avenue ahead of the church; the present building was completed in 1903,", "id": "19215937" }, { "contents": "St. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\non their behalf with papal authorities, and Charles Boehm of Hungary settled in Cleveland in late 1892 to serve the new St. Elizabeth parish, the first Hungarian nationality parish in America. Boehm immediately began registering members and advocating for the construction of a church complex; the first church building, a brick structure, was erected by the end of 1893, a school soon followed, and a larger school was completed in 1900 because of expanded enrollment. He also began a Hungarian-language parish newspaper that soon gained subscribers in other parts", "id": "19215854" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church, Madison\n\n\ndying Catholics (he was a doctor as well). Costigan is believed to have been the Catholic architect of the church. Costigan was only recorded as being a member of the parish during the construction, but details of the church building mirror his other buildings in Madison. In December 1839 St. Michael the Archangel Catholic Church was completed. As the City of Madison grew, so did its Catholic population. German–Catholics had increased highly in numbers and had formed a separate congregation within St. Michael's. In 1850, the", "id": "2385658" }, { "contents": "Pilgrim Congregational Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nonly a short time, as construction on the present building was started just 23 years after the first building was finished. The name \"Pilgrim Congregational Church\" was adopted in 1894 upon the completion of the present building; they had been styled \"Heights Congregational Church\" into the 1870s and used the name \"Jennings Avenue Congregational Church\" in the 1880s. The building was a community landmark from its earliest years — electric wiring was included in the original construction at a time when no other Cleveland buildings west of the Cuyahoga River", "id": "19215839" }, { "contents": "St. Monica Church (Manhattan)\n\n\nin 1880 he began conducting Mass over a feed store at 404 East 78th Street. The following year, he purchased land for the construction of the church and school. Construction of the first church building was completed in 1883. In 1892, the address was listed as 409 E 79th Street. The Rev. John J. Boyle served as acting rector at St. Monica's before becoming the founding pastor of St. Luke's Church (Bronx, New York). The current Gothic Revival church building was erected in 1906 to the designs of", "id": "18565781" }, { "contents": "Annunciation Church (historic) (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nAnnunciation Church (historic) (), was a Catholic parish church in Cleveland, Ohio and part of the Diocese of Cleveland. It was located at the intersection of Hurd St. and Moore St., now part of the West Side Market parking lot, in the Ohio City neighborhood. The location where the church once stood can be found, in an 1881 atlas, at the south-west corner of Hurd St. and Moore St., on the west bank of the Cuyahoga river above part of the Flats historically known as Ox", "id": "14549709" }, { "contents": "Sacred Heart of Jesus Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n. Between 1885 and 1889 a large number of Poles settled in South Cleveland, in the area of East 71st St. and Harvard Ave. They lived too far away from St. Stanislaus church for them to conveniently either attend Mass or for their children to attend the parish school. They petitioned Bishop Richard Gilmour for permission to form a new parish and build a church for their own use. The petition to form a new parish and build a church was granted, and the parish was founded in  — about 42 years after the Diocese", "id": "12287909" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland Heights, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Paul's Episcopal Church is a parish of the Episcopal Church in Cleveland Heights, Ohio. The current rector is the Rev. Jeanne Leinbach, installed on October 23, 2015. She is the first female rector of St. Paul's. Her predecessor was the Rev. Alan M. Gates, who served from 2004-2014, before his election as Bishop of Massachusetts. St. Paul's is a leading church and has the largest congregation in the Episcopal Diocese of Ohio. The church building is a Cleveland Heights landmark. Located at 2747", "id": "18644037" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nRev. Richard Gilmour. Volunteer German and Hungarian woodworkers completed the interior of the church. Over the next 40 years, the parish added a rectory, convent for the Sisters of Notre Dame and two school buildings including one for and an all girls two-year high school which opened in 1905. After World War II, St. Stephen's parish experienced unprecedented growth due to the population growth in Cleveland and throughout the country. On June 8, 1953 a tornado severely damaged the church structure. Work to restore the building began immediately", "id": "19215920" }, { "contents": "Cathedral of St. John the Evangelist (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nstyle and the Bishop laid the cornerstone October 22, 1848. Until the new building was completed in 1852, St. Mary's served as cathedral for the diocese. At the time of its completion, the new cathedral was the well beyond Cleveland's Public Square. Alterations and additions began on the church almost as soon as the initial construction was complete. In 1857, a boys' school was added and within ten years, it was joined by a parish hall and girls' school. In 1879, the parish raised sufficient", "id": "10656550" }, { "contents": "St. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nthe present building. Although the cornerstone was laid in 1918, the construction process was lengthy, and it was finally completed only in 1922. Built primarily of limestone, according to a design of Cleveland architect Emile Uhlrich, the church is an example of Italian-influenced Baroque Revival architecture, partly modelled after the church of Sant'Agnese in Agone in Rome. Two great towers, topped with cupolas, form the ends of the facade, while a great rose window sits in the middle section of the facade high above the main entrance", "id": "19215857" }, { "contents": "St. Nicholas' Catholic Church (Osgood, Ohio)\n\n\nnearby villages; St. Augustine's Church in Minster and St. Michael's Church in Fort Loramie were established by 1850, but the foundations of a parish in Osgood were not laid until 1904, and formal establishment of the parish came in 1906. In its earliest years, the Mass was celebrated in common buildings; after worshipping for a time in a school, the parishioners purchased a barn for ecclesiastical purposes. For many years, the improvement of the parish's facilities was hindered by its size; the fewness of its members meant", "id": "421917" }, { "contents": "Union–Miles Park\n\n\na congregation for African Americans, was founded 1914, and erected its first church building and school in 1916 at what is now Union Avenue and Martin Luther King Drive. The congregation that formed Archangel Michael Orthodox Church ( St. Michael's Orthodox Church) split from St. John the Baptist Orthodox Church in 1921. It began construction of its new church home at 10000 Union Avenue in April 1924, completing the structure in 1926. Although the long-standing Cataract House closed in 1917, the first Union–Miles Park movie theater,", "id": "20793486" }, { "contents": "St. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church is a historic Roman Catholic church in the Buckeye Road neighborhood on the east side of Cleveland, Ohio, United States. The earliest ethnic parish established for Hungarians in the United States, its present building was constructed in the early twentieth century, and it has been named a historic site. Cleveland's first Hungarian Catholics initially worshipped at St. Ladislaus' Church, an east-side Slovakian parish, but ethnic strife and increasing immigration prompted the Hungarian community to seek their own parish. Bishop Horstmann interceded", "id": "19215853" }, { "contents": "Sacred Heart of Jesus Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSacred Heart of Jesus (), was a Catholic parish church in Cleveland, Ohio and part of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland. It was located at the north-west corner of intersection of East 71st St. and Kazimier St., in a part of the South Broadway neighborhood previously known in Polish as \"\" and nicknamed \"Goosetown\". Both the church building and the school building are GNIS named features. The church, school, and rectory buildings are listed together as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. The church was closed", "id": "12287908" }, { "contents": "St. Mary Mother of the Redeemer Church (Norwalk, Ohio)\n\n\nSaint Mary Mother of the Redeemer Church is a parish in the Roman Catholic Diocese of Toledo. The current church is located at 38 W. League Street, Norwalk, Ohio. Construction on the building began on May 29, 1889, and was completed in 1894. The church was previously twinned with St. Alphonsus in Peru, Ohio, but was later twinned with St. Anthony in Milan, Ohio, after a mass restructuring of the diocese. The Century House was a name given to several buildings, now all demolished, within the", "id": "21671394" }, { "contents": "Pilgrim Congregational Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nPilgrim Congregational Church is a historic congregation of the United Church of Christ in Cleveland, Ohio, United States. Constructed in the 1890s for a congregation founded in the 1850s, it was named a historic site in the 1970s. Congregationalists began operating a Sunday school in Cleveland's Tremont neighborhood in 1854, and their efforts resulted in the creation of a church five years later. The members began construction of their first church building in 1865, although it was not completed until 1870. It was suitable for the congregation's needs for", "id": "19215838" }, { "contents": "Sidney Mason Stone\n\n\n; St. Patrick's Church, New Haven (1853) constructed of East Haven sandstone;First Congregational Church, Naugatuck, CT (1855) and Wooster Place Congregational Church, Wooster Square, New Haven (1855) (now the Church of St. Michael) the original design for which featured a Corinthian portico and tall steeple. In \"New Haven: A Guide to Architecture and Urban Design\", Brown remarks on St. Michael's, “The building has burned twice, the steeple blown down once...Only the side walls and tall", "id": "165241" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Dayton, Ohio)\n\n\ncentury, the parish had outgrown it, and construction began on a new building; Archbishop Moeller laid the cornerstone in July 1905 and consecrated it in November 1906. Growth continued, and St. Anthony's Church was established in 1913 by families coming out of St. Mary's. St. Mary's remains an active part of the Archdiocese of Cincinnati to the present day. Masses are celebrated both in English and in Spanish. The current St. Mary's Church is a Romanesque Revival structure built in a mix of brick and stone. Constructed", "id": "19205375" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Indianapolis, Indiana)\n\n\nuntil the Diocese of Indianapolis established Holy Rosary Catholic Church, an Italian national parish in Indianapolis in 1911. After the turn of the century, when the neighborhood become commercial, the parish purchased property at New Jersey and Vermont streets, where they built the present church, which was under construction from 1910 to 1912. St. Mary's adapted to its changing ethnic neighborhood over the years. In 1967, as the city's Spanish-speaking community began to grow, the parish began offering Sunday mass in Spanish. German-language", "id": "3660949" }, { "contents": "St. John's Catholic Church (Fryburg, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. John Catholic Church is a Roman Catholic church in the unincorporated community of Fryburg in Pusheta Township, Auglaize County, Ohio, United States. The parish was established in 1848, the same year in which the community was platted, and construction was completed in 1850. A Catholic school in connection with the church was established in 1877. Both buildings feature fine architecture: the church includes Gothic Revival elements such as ornate pilasters and lancet windows, while the former school is a good example of Federal architecture. St. John's is", "id": "11283325" }, { "contents": "St. Augustine Parish (Hartford, Connecticut)\n\n\nSt. Augustine Parish is a Roman Catholic parish located in Hartford, Connecticut. In addition to a church, the parish also administers a school, St. Augustine School. St. Augustine Parish was established in August 1902 with Fr. Michael Barry appointed as its first pastor. At that time, a church building had not yet been constructed so mass was offered at the Washington Street School until a basement chapel was completed in 1903. The current Romanesque-style church was completed in 1912 and dedicated by Bishop John J. Nilan of the then", "id": "21104070" }, { "contents": "Zion Lutheran Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nFirst Methodist, Trinity Cathedral, and St. Paul's Episcopal Church on Euclid Avenue. This condition persisted into the mid-1910s, at which point the neighborhood transitioned into a largely commercial area. Beginning after 1930, the neighborhood deteriorated as many buildings were demolished, often to create room for parking lots. In such an environment Zion Lutheran Church was constructed in 1902 and opened for public use in the following year. It is home to a congregation founded by German immigrants in 1843, the oldest extant Lutheran congregation in the city; many", "id": "19215936" }, { "contents": "Church of St Paul, Letchworth\n\n\nallow construction of the new church to begin, with the foundation stone being laid on 10 October 1923 by the Marchioness of Salisbury. Work on the first section of the building was completed including three and a half bays of the nave with arcades at the sides. This first section was consecrated by Michael Furse, the Bishop of St Albans on 3 May 1924. A tower was intended but was never built. By 1924 the church was becoming too small for its growing congregation and work on an extension began in early 1931,", "id": "1720772" }, { "contents": "Basilica of the Sacred Heart of Jesus, Syracuse\n\n\noriginal church was located across the street from the current structure. The first Mass in the new parish church was said on August 30, 1892, with the formal dedication taking place nearly a year later on June 11, 1893. The congregation outgrew the first church within a decade, and a decision was made to construct a new church. The foundations were built by parishioners in order to save money, and the cornerstone was laid in 1907. Work was completed in three years, and the church was completed and dedicated on", "id": "4119395" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n, side altars and pulpit are made entirely of oak wood and decorated with beautiful German woodcarvings. The church pews are also oak. A Mexican onyx and brass Communion rail was installed over the years and the floor of the sanctuary and aisles is made of black and white marble tiles. St. Stephen's is a fully active Roman Catholic Parish in the Diocese of Cleveland. This means that they have a full parish staff and church council. They have regular Sunday Masses as well as daily Masses. German Mass is offered every first", "id": "19215923" }, { "contents": "Roncesvalles, Toronto\n\n\nWomenpriests at the church. St. Casimir's Polish Roman Catholic Church at Garden Avenue, offers Polish masses on Sundays. Its origins begin in 1944 when the Oblate Mission decided to create the third Polish parish (and first in the west end) in Toronto. The lot on which the church stands today was purchased for $15,000 in 1948 and construction on the parish hall began the same year. The first mass was held in the church hall in 1949. The church was completed and officially began offering mass on May 23,", "id": "3040916" }, { "contents": "Rajavoor\n\n\nSt. Michael's Shrine which is located at the center part of Rajavoor. The annual feast starts on the first Friday of May with a flag hoisting followed by a ten-day Mass and adoration. The eighth, ninth and tenth days are marked with a car procession to St. Michael Archangel, carnival ended with High Mass in front of the Holy Cars. The Roman Catholics and parish are administered by the Kottar Diocese. Another notable church, Our Lady of Presentation (Kaanikkai Maathaa) Church is attached to the Rajavoor Parish as", "id": "4595849" }, { "contents": "Transfiguration Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nBaptist Church in the nearby suburb of Garfield Heights, Ohio, which had a large, new structure. In April 1943, Trinity Baptist Church sold its building to the Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland for $35,000 ($ in dollars). The Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland erected Transfiguration Parish on July 30, 1943. The parish was divided from nearby Immaculate Heart of Mary Church and Shrine Church of St. Stanislaus parishes. Reverend Joseph F. Zabawa was named the pastor of the new congregation, which took up residence in the Trinity", "id": "20542089" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Augustine (Larchmont, New York)\n\n\nThe Church of St. Augustine is a Roman Catholic church located in Larchmont, New York. The parish having been founded in 1892, the present Gothic Revival church building was constructed in 1928. With a growing number of Catholics living in Larchmont, New York—many of them domestic servants who attended Blessed Sacrament Church in New Rochelle or Most Holy Trinity Church in Mamaroneck—the Archbishop of New York, Michael Corrigan, created the parish of St. Augustine was created in 1892. The decision to establish a parish was motivated in part", "id": "19300736" }, { "contents": "St. Barbara Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Barbara Catholic Church () is a parish of the Roman Catholic Church in Cleveland, Ohio, within the Diocese of Cleveland. The parish church is located on Denison Ave. between West 16th St. and the southbound entrance to SR 176, in a part of the Brooklyn Centre neighborhood previously known in Polish as . The red brick parish church, designed by H.C. Gabele, is a local landmark. It is a GNIS named feature. The church, rectory and convent buildings are listed together as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. The", "id": "13695356" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\ntwo years the parishioners worshipped in a hotel before constructing a building at Fourth and Euclid downtown. A fire destroyed the structure before it was completed, but people throughout the city contributed funds to build a brick replacement in 1851. By the 1870s, the streets surrounding the church had become primarily commercial, so the vestry sold the building and rented halls while building the present church eastward on Euclid Avenue. Its placement amid the wealthy Millionaire's Row district soon caused it to become a symbol of the neighborhood. However, the membership", "id": "19215901" }, { "contents": "St Michael the Archangel Church, Chatham\n\n\nHeart Church in Luton. St Paulinus Church was built in 1788 as a Wesleyan Chapel. In 1892, it was bought by the local Catholic Church. Sacred Heart Church was built in 1949. On 26 June 1949, its foundation stone was laid by the parish priest of St Michael's Church. St Paulinus Church has one Sunday Mass at 9:00am. Sacred Heart Church also has one Sunday Mass, it is at 10:30am. St Michael's Church has four Sunday Masses: 6:30pm on Saturday and 9:30am, 11:00am and 6:00pm on", "id": "19228802" }, { "contents": "St Michael and All Angels Church, Kingaroy\n\n\n's construction. Architect Colin Deighton, who was assistant to John Hingeston Buckeridge, the Anglican Diocese of Brisbane Architect between 1887 and 1901, designed the church. Deighton designed a number of country churches and St Colomb's Anglican Church at Clayfield in Brisbane. The foundation stone of St Michael and All Angels Church was laid on 10 November 1910 by the Venerable Arthur Rivers, Archdeacon of Toowoomba. Construction of the building, which was to seat 250 worshippers, began in December 1910 and was completed in 1911. Its cost, including", "id": "3972006" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Catholic Church (Chicago)\n\n\nSt. Michael () is a church of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Chicago. The current church is located at E. 83rd Street and S. South Shore Drive in South Chicago, a neighborhood of Chicago, Illinois. It is a prime example of the so-called \"Polish Cathedral style\" of churches in both its opulence and grand scale. Along with Immaculate Conception, it is one of the two monumental Polish churches dominating over the South Chicago neighborhood. Founded in 1892 as a Polish parish in Chicago to relieve overcrowding at Immaculate", "id": "20616064" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nof St. Stephen's for 38 years. In 1873, Fr. Reichlin realized that a new church building was needed to accommodate the growing parish. The Cleveland-based architect firm called Cudell & Richardson was hired to build the structure that still stands today as St. Stephen's Roman Catholic Church. Due to economic depression in the mid-1870s, work on the new building was stopped. Parishioners mortgaged their own properties to raise funds for the new church. It was dedicated on November 20, 1881 by the second bishop of Cleveland,", "id": "19215919" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church, Madison\n\n\n1992, the parishes of St. Mary's and St. Michael's became one community of faith, with one priest, Father John Meyer, and two church buildings. Saturday night mass was held at St. Michael's for St. Michael's ‘parishioners,’ and on Sunday morning, mass was held at St. Mary's. In 1993, the area's two other Catholic Churches (St. Patrick's and St. Anthony's) were merged with St. Mary's-St. Michael's as well. St. Michael's had extensive roof damage", "id": "2385663" }, { "contents": "St. Michael's Church, Hildesheim\n\n\nin 1010 and dedicated the still unfinished building to Michael on the archangel's feast day, 29 September 1022, just a few weeks before his death. Construction, however, continued under his successor, Bishop Godehard (died 1038), who completed the work in 1031 and reconsecrated the church to Michael on September 29 of that year. The church has double choirs east and west, double tripartite transepts at either end of the nave, and six towers----two large ones over the crossings east and west, and four other tall and", "id": "721679" }, { "contents": "St. Augustine's Catholic Church (Napoleon, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Augustine's Catholic Church is a historic church in Napoleon, Ohio, United States. Located on the edge of the city's downtown, two blocks away from the Henry County Courthouse, the church is a prominent landmark in Napoleon. St. Augustine Parish was founded at some point between 1856 and 1858; its first priest was Michael Pietz. The parish was dedicated to St. Augustine in honor of Augustine Pilliod, who supervised the construction of its first building. This structure was replaced with the current church, which was built at", "id": "13450149" }, { "contents": "Saint Patrick's Church (Dubuque, Iowa)\n\n\nMcCabe was assigned as the first resident pastor. The cornerstone of the present brick church was laid in 1877, and the building dedicated on August 15, 1878. In 1928, the Rev. J.J. Hanley remodeled and enlarged the church. St. Patrick Church was originally built for service to the Irish settlers of Dubuque and while the parish has maintained a healthy respect for its Irish heritage over its many years of service, the parish now specializes in service to the Hispanic residents of Dubuque. The parish offers a Spanish Mass on Sundays,", "id": "20590874" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nsecond parish for German-speaking Catholics. In April 1869 the first bishop of Cleveland, Bishop Louis Amadeus Rappe, appointed Fr. Stephen Falk to have a two-story building built. The building would be used as a church on the upper level and a school on the lower level to accommodate the 200 families from St. Mary's that lived west of 44th Street. The newly ordained Fr. Casimir Reichlin became the first pastor and said the first Mass of the parish on May 1, 1870. He served as pastor", "id": "19215918" }, { "contents": "Immaculate Conception Catholic Church (Fulda, Ohio)\n\n\n. Construction began on a small church building under the ministry of the priest from Miltonsburg, and Archbishop Purcell of Cincinnati dedicated it in 1853. Ten years later, the parishioners constructed a parish school, and a rectory followed in 1866; its large size and pretentious architecture resulted in a high construction cost of $2,500. By this time, the original church building had become entirely inadequate for the needs of the congregation, and replacement plans were laid; the cornerstone was laid in May 1874, and Bishop Rosecrans of Columbus dedicated", "id": "19205436" }, { "contents": "St. Vitus's Church, Cleveland\n\n\nSt. Vitus is a parish of the Roman Catholic Church in Cleveland, Ohio, United States, in the Diocese of Cleveland. The parish church, located at 6019 Lausche Avenue in the St. Clair-Superior neighborhood, was completed in 1932. The first documented Slovenian to settle in the Cleveland area was Joseph Turk, who came about 1883, most likely from Carniola, and settled on Marble Avenue, near the steel mills. He helped organize the Catholic Slovenes in Cleveland, and requested that Bishop Richard Gilmour of Cleveland appoint a", "id": "916020" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Catholic Church (St. Patrick, Ohio)\n\n\nrectory in 1919 to house its pastor; before its construction, St. Patrick's was served by priests from St. Michael's Church in Fort Loramie to the southwest. In 1977, the church and rectory were recorded by the Ohio Historic Inventory for the purpose of historic preservation; both buildings were ranked in good condition without any significant risks. Two years later, they were listed together on the National Register of Historic Places, along with over thirty other buildings in the Land of the Cross-Tipped Churches. When these churches were", "id": "15760892" }, { "contents": "Cathedral of St Michael and St John\n\n\n. In that year work commenced on a permanent church building located on the corner of George and Keppel Streets. St Michael's Church was a Victorian Gothic style building constructed in brick. It was in use by 1841 but appears not to have been completed until 1846 when leadlight windows were installed. Bishop John Bede Polding (1794-1877), first Catholic Archbishop of Sydney, was interested in fostering the English Gothic style of architecture in his diocese. He arranged for plans for significant churches to be prepared by English architects including", "id": "17452035" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Cathedral, Thunder Bay\n\n\n. From there, St. Patrick's Church was one of many churches that was missioned to the First Nations in Northern Ontario, as well as St. Andrew's Church, which was handed over to the diocese in 1997. St. Patrick's was built in 1892, the same year as Thunder Bay was incorporated as a town. The foundation stone was laid on 10 October 1891, and the first Mass was celebrated on 21 August 1892. The Jesuit parish priests made plans for the construction of an elementary school later that decade.", "id": "14488629" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Catholic Church (Toledo, Ohio)\n\n\nfor use in a new building. Fr. Edward Hannin, pastor of St. Patrick's, set out to create \"the finest church in this part of the land,\" for his congregation and began to raise money for construction. When it was completed, St. Patrick's was considered one of the finest examples of Gothic Revival architecture in the United States. The exterior is constructed of Amherst blue sandstone and the interior contains ten red granite columns. The church was dedicated on April 13, 1901. The church underwent extensive", "id": "9145471" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Dayton, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Mary's Catholic Church is a historic Catholic church building in an eastern neighborhood of Dayton, Ohio, United States. Constructed at the beginning of the twentieth century, it remains home to an active parish. Its grand architecture has made it an aviator's landmark, and it has been named a historic site by the federal government. Emanuel Church, the first Catholic parish in Dayton, was formed in 1837. Many English-speaking families left to form a separate parish in 1846, but Emanuel continued growing to the point", "id": "19205373" }, { "contents": "Church of St. James the Less\n\n\nmission. Weekly celebration of Mass resumed on Sundays at 5:00 pm. The breakaway congregation now meets at the Holy Cross Catholic church and is known as the Church of Saint Michael the Archangel. During the controversy, the parish school closed circa 2006. As part of its mandate, Saint Mark's Church began a fundraising effort to open a new parish school to serve this local community. In 2009 and 2010, the St. Mark's congregation (together with St. Francis Episcopal Church in Potomac, Maryland) sponsored Vacation Bible School at", "id": "12322466" }, { "contents": "St. John's Evangelical Lutheran Church (Springfield, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. John's Evangelical Lutheran Church is a historic Lutheran church in downtown Springfield, Ohio, United States. Founded as a German-speaking parish in Springfield's early days, it grew rapidly during its first few decades, and its present large church building was constructed in the 1890s under the direction of one of Springfield's leading architects. The congregation remains in the landmark church building, which has been named a historic site. Springfield's first Lutheran congregation was organized in May 1841, and a separate group of German Lutherans began", "id": "18832000" }, { "contents": "St Michael and St John Church, Clitheroe\n\n\nGrade II listed building. In September 2008, the Jesuits handed the church over to the Diocese of Salford who continue to serve the parish. Two years later, the parish merged with St Mary Queen of Peace Church in Sabden to form the parish of Our Lady of the Valley. St Mary's was built in 1877 and it was made into a parish in 1909, so that the parishioners did not have to travel the sizeable distance to attend Mass in Clitheroe. The parish has two Sunday Masses at St Michael and St", "id": "5090732" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n. St. Paul's church building is one of just six Gothic Revival churches built in Cleveland during the 1870s that survived into the 1980s. At one time considered Cleveland's grandest and largest church, it is distinguished by the unusual architecture of the peak of the bell tower, and the open interior features extensive detailing, along with seating for one thousand worshippers. Covered with sandstone from Berea, the building was a work of Gordon W. Lloyd, a Detroit architect who also produced grand churches in Ohio cities of various sizes, ranging", "id": "19215903" }, { "contents": "St. Aloysius' Catholic Church (Carthagena, Ohio)\n\n\nerected in 1865. In their earliest years, the people worshipped in the chapel of the adjacent St. Charles Seminary. Throughout its history, the church has been significantly influenced by the seminary, which trained the priests of the Missionaries of the Precious Blood and provided pastors for the church. As its membership grew, the parish decided to construct a church building. Plans were laid and construction began in 1875; the cornerstone was laid in May 1877, and the church was consecrated on June 30, 1878; the parishioners had performed", "id": "20255448" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Church (Monroe, Michigan)\n\n\nto come. St. Michael Church is located along the River Raisin on West Front Street in the city of Monroe, MI. The 183 foot steeple isn't hard to miss. When you come into Monroe you can easily see St. Michael's A tradition at St. Michael Church is the parish prayer. It is said before the beginning of every mass. It reads: \"Lord, God, we glorify Your holy name and thank you for calling us, the people of Saint Michael the Archangel Parish, to be one in", "id": "12346363" }, { "contents": "St Michael and All Angels Church, Barton Turf\n\n\nSt Michael and All Angels is the Church of England parish church of Barton Turf in the county of Norfolk in England. See Inside here. It stands about a kilometre south-west of the village in the midst of a plantation of trees. Particularly notable for its surviving paintings, the church is listed with Grade I. The building was at first constructed in rather an undistinguished Perpendicular style, possessing a tower at the west end of the church. The church is best known for the twelve panels of its late-Gothic rood", "id": "15249529" }, { "contents": "St Michael and All Angels' Church, Haworth\n\n\nSt Michael and All Angels' Church is the Church of England parish church of Haworth, West Yorkshire. The current structure, the third church building on the site, was built between 1879 and 1881 although parts of the original medieval church building, notably the tower, survive from earlier periods. The church is best known for its historic association with the Brontë sisters whose father Revd. Patrick Brontë served as minister of the parish between 1820 and 1861. A chapel has existed on the site since 1488, though records held at", "id": "17201346" }, { "contents": "St. Peter Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Peter Church (), is a Catholic parish church in Cleveland, Ohio and part of the Diocese of Cleveland. Founded in , it is located at the intersection of Superior Ave. near East 17th St., in the Downtown neighborhood. The church is a longstanding city landmark; George Francis Houck, then the Chancellor, wrote in 1903 that, \"One of the landmarks of the city and Diocese of Cleveland is St. Peter's Church.\" It is listed as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. It is also a named", "id": "13925952" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Church (Monroe, Michigan)\n\n\n. It was used as a church on the first floor and on the second it was used for the school. Later it would only be used as St. Michael School. Then in 1866 the cornerstone for the present church was laid. The large 187 foot steeple wasn't added until 1883. In 1874 the 3-story rectory was built east of the church. In 1918 the parish built the present building of St. Michael School which is now a part of Monroe Catholic Elementary Schools. The movement to establish the parish started in 1845", "id": "12346356" }, { "contents": "St. Casimir Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nRichard Gilmour for permission to form a new parish and build a church for their own use. In December 1891, Monsignor Felix Boff, V.G., administrator of the diocese, granted the required permission. Those parishioners left to form St. Casimir Church in 1891. The parish was founded in 1891 — about 44 years after the Diocese of Cleveland was erected by Pope Pius IX. In December, 1891, Boff appointed Father Benedict Rosinski, pastor of St. Adalbert's, Berea, Ohio, to take charge of the mission. On", "id": "12488231" }, { "contents": "St James' Church, Forest Gate\n\n\nSt James' Church, Forest Gate was a church in Forest Gate, east London. Its origins lay in an iron building constructed around 1870 to serve a conventional district. A parish was formed for it in 1881 from those of Emmanuel Church, All Saints and St John's and its permanent church completed the following year, with an organ moved from St Matthew's Church, Friday Street. The church was demolished in 1964 and for two years its congregation worshiped in the Durning Hall Community Centre's chapel until the parish was", "id": "17208906" }, { "contents": "North Presbyterian Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nNorth Presbyterian Church is a historic Presbyterian church on the east side of Cleveland, Ohio, United States. Constructed in the 1880s, the church building has been named a historic site. Throughout its history, the congregation has been focused on Sunday school work. North Presbyterian Church developed out of a mission Sunday school established in east-side Cleveland in 1859. The local presbytery organized a congregation out of the Sunday school in 1867, and within a short while, the new congregation formed the first of two mission Sunday schools in", "id": "19215693" }, { "contents": "St. Vitus's Church, Cleveland\n\n\nVitus to work on the interior. It was finished for the centennial celebration of the parish later that year. St. Vitus remains a strong parish, but Fr. Božnar works with Bishop Lennon's programs to cluster parishes in order to increase strength for inner-city parishes. The church building of St. Vitus itself is constructed in the Lombard-Roman style with pale yellow Falston brick. It is 141 feet long and 100 feet wide with an attached parish house on its west side. Its two Romanesque bell towers reach 110 feet", "id": "916027" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Michael (St. Michael, Minnesota)\n\n\nof the church came from Saint John's Abbey in Collegeville. In 1866 a new church was built in the center of the town and served for about 25 years. In 1890 the parish built a Gothic Revival building, which was the largest church in Wright County at the time. The building features ornate statues and German woodcarvings. Although the parish had a mostly German ethnicity for many years, since 1985 the number of families in the parish doubled, and it no longer appears to be an ethnic parish. In 2004 the", "id": "1327870" }, { "contents": "St. Thomas Church (Underhill, Vermont)\n\n\nSt. Thomas Church is a Roman Catholic church in the Town of Underhill, Vermont in the United States, located in the unincorporated village of \"Underhill Center\". The church was built from 1891-92 after its predecessor had burned down on 19 December 1890. The cornerstone for the current St. Thomas Church building was laid on 12 August 1891 at an event that had an estimated 1,000 attendees. Although the construction period spanned from 1 May 1891 until December 1892, the first Mass was nevertheless held in the basement of the church", "id": "6739395" }, { "contents": "St. William Parish (Lawncrest)\n\n\n1950s and 60's, saw many changes come to the physical plant of the Parish that reflected the housing boom of the area, the economic upswing of the times and the growing parish population. Many of the original \"Motley Buildings\" were completely replaced. The Middle School (Junior High/Upper School) building was built and later an additional floor was added. When consideration was had for the completion of the Upper Church, it was found that the basement church was not structurally sufficient to support additional construction. In 1955", "id": "10364503" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Michael the Archangel, Katowice\n\n\nChurch of St. Michael Archangel () is one of the oldest buildings in Katowice. It's located in Kościuszko Park, where it was moved in 1938 from the village Syrynia, where it was originally constructed in 1510. It is under the invocation of St. Michael. It has end-fitted log framework construction and shingled roof. Free-standing belltower was completed before 1679; it has historic lych-gate and wooden fence around the churchyard. The church of St. Michael Archangel was first built in 1305 in Syrynia, near", "id": "21359049" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Catholic Church (St. Patrick, Ohio)\n\n\n's was closely connected to many other churches in western Ohio: wide areas of western Ohio that were primarily settled by Catholics feature large churches at sparsely-populated crossroads. While most of these churches are constructed in the Gothic Revival style of architecture, some of the newer churches of the region — including St. Patrick's — appear in a variety of styles; St. Patrick's was one of the few that lacked the high steeples of the Gothic Revival structures. The leading role of these churches in western Shelby County and the lands", "id": "15760890" }, { "contents": "St Michael's Roman Catholic Church, Linlithgow\n\n\nchildren the congregation capitalised on the spirit of cooperation and community and set out to build a school. Located on a site next to the church St. Joseph's school was opened on 1 July 1889 and served the children of the parish until 1964 when new premises were occupied at Preston Road. Although during this time Fr Easson had replaced Fr Murphy as parish priest there was no change of emphasis and all the parish energies were engaged in the effort to complete the church building programme. Plans to double the size of the church were", "id": "17679127" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Delaware, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Mary's Catholic Church is a historic Catholic parish church in the city of Delaware, Ohio, United States. Constructed in the 1880s, this grand building is home to a congregation established in the middle of the nineteenth century. Its grand style has long made it a community landmark, and it was named a historic landmark in 1980. Delaware's first Masses were celebrated by travelling priests in the homes of the city's few Catholics, most of whom were Irish or German immigrants. The members built the first St. Mary", "id": "2642749" }, { "contents": "Church of the Resurrection (Rye, New York)\n\n\nin 1881 at the intersection of Purchase Street and the Boston Post Road, where services were then offered. The parish was incorporated on January 29, 1886, and title to the property was transferred from the archdiocese to the parish itself. A new church building was completed in 1889 on Purchase Street, while the former building was used as the rectory. Thereafter, construction of a parochial school on the Boston Post Road began in 1906 and was completed two years later. With the number of parishioners growing, the church purchased land", "id": "19300829" }, { "contents": "Near North Side, Chicago\n\n\n, most of this area was an enclave to the first emigrants from Puerto Rico to Chicago, who referred to it as part of \"La Clark\" until commercialization decorated late 1960s shop signs with the name of Old Town. The neighborhood is home to St. Michael's Church, originally built to serve German immigrants, and one of only 7 to survive the great Chicago fire. St. Michael's, Holy Name Cathedral, Immaculate Conception, and St. Joseph's Catholic churches all catered to Latinos with a Mass in Spanish. Many", "id": "1540930" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Massillon, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Mary's Catholic Church is a historic Catholic church building in the city of Massillon, Ohio, United States. Constructed in 1876 for a congregation composed largely of European immigrants, it has been named a historic site. The origins of St. Mary parish lie among numerous Germans and Irish who settled in Massillon in its early years and built a small house of worship on Cherry Road in the 1840s. This building stood until 1875, when it was destroyed so that the present church might occupy its location; it was built in", "id": "19205828" }, { "contents": "St. Anne Church (Berlin, New Hampshire)\n\n\nSt. Anne Church is a historic church at 58 Church Street in Berlin, New Hampshire, United States. It is the church for Good Shepherd Parish within the Roman Catholic Diocese of Manchester. St. Anne Parish was founded in 1867, and was Berlin's first Roman Catholic congregation. It was merged with Guardian Angel Parish, St. Joseph Parish, and St. Kieran Parish in 2000 to form Good Shepherd Parish. Its building, constructed in 1900, is an important local example of Romanesque architecture, and was listed on the National Register", "id": "2452362" }, { "contents": "St. Peter Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n, put up by Luhr, was torn down and replaced by a large pastoral residence adjoining the rear of the church, at a cost of $12,000. In the same year a third story was added to St. Peter's school building, and arranged for a parish hall, containing a stage and other conveniences, at a cost of $10,000. In the synod of January 3, 1889, St. Peter's congregation was the first mentioned among the nine principal churches of the diocese which Gilmour named as rectorates, with an", "id": "13925965" }, { "contents": "Trinity Cathedral (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nfirst church building built within the village limits of Cleveland. In 1846, to meet the needs of a growing parish, plans for a larger, centralized building just east of Public Square commenced. The congregation moved into the larger stone structure in the Gothic style on Superior Avenue in 1855. In 1890, Trinity Church was offered to Bishop William A. Leonard for use as a cathedral for the Diocese of Ohio. The congregation would maintain the building and it would serve dual roles as the parish church and cathedral for the diocese.", "id": "19215933" }, { "contents": "St. Andrew's Cathedral (Jackson, Mississippi)\n\n\nat the time that was not located along the Mississippi River. Its church was burned by the Union Army during the American Civil War in 1863. The cornerstone for the second church was laid by the Rt. Rev. William Mercer Green in 1869. By the turn of the Twentieth Century the congregation had outgrown its church building and the present structure was completed in 1903. The Parish House was constructed between 1923 and 1924. The congregation continued to grow and the building along West Street was built in 1955. The bishop moved his", "id": "20556538" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Evansville, Indiana)\n\n\nservice in the first church building was held on April 15, 1883. While construction ensued, a congregant and frequent benefactor, Charles Viele, offered the use of Viele Hall (located on 2nd street between Main and Sycamore streets) to St. Paul's parish. The cornerstone for new St. Paul's was laid on September 3, 1883, and construction completed on March 2, 1886 with Bishop D.B. Knickerbacker consecrating the new building. Charles and Mary Viele continued to sponsor further construction on the church grounds - first with a rectory", "id": "20407572" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Church (Monroe, Michigan)\n\n\nSaint Michael the Archangel Church (St. Michael Church) is located on the west side of the city of Monroe, Michigan along the River Raisin. It is home to 1,200 families and it is one of most important religious institutes in Monroe County. It was founded in the year 1852. The present building was built from 1866-1867. It is in the Archdiocese of Detroit. Its current priest is Rev. Phillip Ching. When the parish was first established, the mayor of Monroe palatial residence was remodeled as a temporary church", "id": "12346355" }, { "contents": "St. Mary Congregational Church\n\n\nSt. Mary Congregational Church in Abbeville, Louisiana is the oldest incorporated, predominantly African-American church in Vermilion Parish. Its historic Gothic Revival style church at 213 S. Louisiana Avenue, constructed in 1905 to replace a previous building, was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1999. American Missionary Association records show the congregation dates to at least 1877. The structure is a three-bay, gable-fronted church with a prominent corner tower. The tower is three-stage and square. The church is currently non", "id": "17676536" }, { "contents": "St. Charles of the Valley Catholic Church and Rectory\n\n\nSt. Charles Borromeo Church is a Catholic parish in Hailey, Idaho, in the Diocese of Boise. Its historic parish church and rectory complex, located at Pine and S. 1st Streets, is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Fr. E.M. Nattini began ministering in the Wood River Valley in the 1880s. The population was growing rapidly, and he was soon able to raise funds for the construction of the first church of St. Charles, which began June 17, 1883. It was the first Catholic church ineast of", "id": "20581174" }, { "contents": "Sacred Heart Catholic Church (Dayton, Ohio)\n\n\nprompted some of the members to leave in July 1883 and establish Sacred Heart Church; under the leadership of St. Joseph's associate pastor Hugh McDevitt, the congregation rented a meeting hall while waiting for the construction of their building. Land for the present church was purchased for $19,000, and William Henry Elder laid the cornerstone in June 1888. Exterior work was completed in the following year, and by 1893 construction was close enough to completion that the congregation could begin worshipping in their building. The building was consecrated by Bishop Maes", "id": "22206155" }, { "contents": "St. Vincent de Paul Church (Pontiac, Michigan)\n\n\n. The church continued to grow, and in the 1880s, the Reverend Fridolin Baumgartner began raising funds for the construction of the present church. The congregation hired the Detroit architecture firm of Donaldson & Meier to design the church, and the cornerstone was laid on September 6, 1885. The church was dedicated two years later, on September 18, 1887. A 6600-pound bell was installed in the church in 1890. A rectory was constructed in 1895, a school building was added in 1897, and a parish hall in 1911", "id": "19268922" }, { "contents": "St. Boniface Roman Catholic Church\n\n\npopulation on the west side. In 1873, a two-story, red brick Italianate rectory building was built for the parish at a cost of $6,000. A stone church building was planned by the prominent local architect William M. Scott, and construction was completed in 1883 at a cost of $30,000. The parish was closed in 1989, and the building was demolished a few years later. St. Boniface Church was an eclectic example of Romanesque Revival and Ruskinian Gothic architecture. It was built in a cruciform shape from red", "id": "9736494" } ]

[ { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nchurch congregation reached its peak size in the 1950, when only 25% of the parishioners were of German descent. The first Spanish Mass was said in 1971 for the growing number of Hispanic parishioners. The congregation now is mostly Latin American. The church now offers Masses in both English and Spanish. An annual Good Friday Procession begins or ends at St. Michael's. St Michael's and La Sagrada Familia church alternate every year to begin or end at one of the two churches. There is a stop at St Patrick's", "id": "19125747" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nwhile the new building was under construction. The current church, which had its cornerstone laid in 1889, was completed five years ahead of schedule in 1892. The church building is considered a good example of High Victorian Gothic architecture with its two towers of unequal height, the taller of which rises , and three archways. An architecturally notable school adjacent to the church began construction in 1906 and was completed in 1907. For many years the church was one of the most costly and artistically notable churches in the Cleveland Diocese. The", "id": "19125746" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Michael the Archangel is a Roman Catholic church located at 3114 Scranton Road in the Clark-Fulton neighborhood on the west side of Cleveland, Ohio. The church is named in honor of St. Michael the Archangel and was completed in 1892. The congregation was founded in 1881 as a mission of Ohio City, Cleveland's St. Mary's on-the-Flats to serve a growing German immigrant population on Cleveland's west side. The original church and school building were constructed in 1883 but burned on June 29, 1891,", "id": "19125745" }, { "contents": "St. John's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n's. Trinity Cathedral is now the seat of the Episcopal Diocese of Ohio. St. John's was also the mother church to several of the west side parishes. In 1837, the Ohio City Directory described the church as follows, \"The Episcopal Church, which is not yet finished, is built of hammered stone, and has a lofty steeple. Its style of architecture is Gothic, resembling that of the ancient and venerable Cathedral. This building, when finished, will be one of the best of the kind in the", "id": "18742416" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cincinnati, Ohio)\n\n\n1847. The cornerstone was laid August 1, 1847 and the church dedicated June 4, 1848. Rev. Fr. Zoppoth was selected as the first pastor for the congregation. In 1868 St. Michael Church became the mother parish to St. Lawrence Church which was organized that same year. The Comboni Missionaries took charge of the parish in 1964. By this time many of the German-speaking families in the parish had begun to move to other parts of the city. In a mass celebrated by Daniel Edward Pilarczyk the church building was", "id": "11338583" }, { "contents": "St. Columba Cathedral (Youngstown, Ohio)\n\n\nThe first Mass celebrated in Youngstown occurred in 1826. St. Columba Parish was founded in 1847, the year that Pope Pius IX established the Diocese of Cleveland, of which Youngstown was a part. The first church was completed in 1850. As the parish grew, it required a larger church, which it completed in 1868. The first parish school building was opened three years later. The parish continued to grow and constructed yet another church which opened in 1897. Bishop Ignatius Horstmann consecrated the sanctuary in 1903. The parish added", "id": "13619245" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Stephen Church is a Roman Catholic church located in the Detroit-Shoreway neighborhood on the west side of Cleveland, Ohio. The gothic style building was designed by architects Cudell & Richardson. The current church was built in 1875 and was added into the National Register of Historic Places in 1977. St. Stephen Roman Catholic Church was founded in 1869 due to a need for a second German parish on the west side of Cleveland. The first German parish, St. Mary's, increased so much that Cleveland was in need of a", "id": "19215917" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cincinnati, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Michael the Archangel Church is a Roman Catholic church located at 2110 St. Michael Street, in Cincinnati, Ohio. The cornerstone of this church was laid in 1847 and the church dedicated a year later. The church closed April 5, 1998. As the tide of German immigrants continued to rise in Cincinnati, more churches were needed. Holy Trinity Church was the first German speaking parish. As the city grew in three directions; north, east and west; there were three parishes which descended from that parish Old St. Mary", "id": "11338581" }, { "contents": "St. John's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. John's Episcopal Church is located at 2600 Church Avenue in the Ohio City neighborhood of Cleveland, Ohio. St. John's is the oldest consecrated building in Cuyahoga county. This stone gothic revival church building was designed by Hezekiah Eldredge and built beginning in 1836 and was completed 1838. Eldridge was probably familiar with John Henry Hopkins' \"An Essay on Gothic Architecture\", the first book on Gothic ecclesiastical architecture to be published in the United States. St. John's is a good representative of a small group of American churches", "id": "18742414" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland Heights, Ohio)\n\n\nFairmount Blvd, it is a contributing property in the Fairmount Boulevard District, which is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. St. Paul's was first established in the city of Cleveland, Ohio on October 26, 1846. The congregation did not have its own building until 1851, as a frame building completed in 1849 burned completely. A small brick church in the Gothic Revival style was completed for the parish at Euclid and Sheriff (East 4th) Streets by 1858. St. Paul's congregation outgrew the church, however", "id": "18644038" }, { "contents": "Irvington, Baltimore\n\n\nPassion\", marking the beginning of St. Joseph's Monastery Parish. Construction of a new, larger church began in 1881 and was completed in 1883. Its cornerstone was placed by Cardinal James Gibbons. The original monastery, beside the church, burned down in 1883. A new monastery was completed in 1886. The monastery chapel is extant and contains an 1887 Niemann pipe organ. The congregation of St. Joseph's Monastery Parish outgrew their church building in the following century. In 1931, Archbishop Michael Joseph Curley placed the cornerstone for", "id": "5906170" }, { "contents": "St. Theodosius Russian Orthodox Cathedral\n\n\nSt. Theodosius Cathedral is an Orthodox church located on Starkweather Avenue in the Tremont neighborhood, on the near west side of Cleveland, Ohio. It is considered one of the best examples of Russian church architecture in the U.S. and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The parish is the first Orthodox parish in Cleveland and is currently under the jurisdiction of the Diocese of the Midwest of the Orthodox Church in America. St. Theodosius is perhaps best known for its appearance in the 1978 film, \"The Deer Hunter\" with", "id": "13141384" }, { "contents": "St. Casimir Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nBoth the church building and the school building are GNIS named features. The church building is listed as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. To provide properly for the large and steadily increasing number of Poles in the north-eastern part of Cleveland it was necessary to organize them into the third Polish congregation within the limits of the city. They lived too far away from St. Stanislaus Church, with which they had been affiliated, for them to conveniently either attend Mass or for their children to attend the parish school. They therefore petitioned Bishop", "id": "12488230" }, { "contents": "St. Henry's Catholic Church (Harriettsville, Ohio)\n\n\nChurch in Fulda in order to hear Mass. Virtually all of the members in the early decades were Germans or of German descent. A parish school was formed in the late 1870s, and in its first twenty years, the parish grew fourfold in membership. This growth caused the original church building to be too small: land for a new building was purchased in 1879, and construction finished in 1894. St. Henry's Church is a stone building in the Gothic Revival style; the most prominent component is a multi-story tower", "id": "19205430" }, { "contents": "St. Michael's Church, Old Town, Chicago\n\n\nSt. Michael's Church in the Old Town neighborhood of Chicago is a Roman Catholic church staffed by the Redemptorist order of priests. The parish was founded to minister to German Catholic immigrants in 1852 with its first wooden church completed that year at a cost of $750 (including the bell). The building stands at the intersection of Eugenie Street and Cleveland Avenue. The church was built as a haven for German immigrants who were outcasts in Old Chicago. In addition, the town's main church, St. Joseph's Church,", "id": "10838314" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cincinnati, Ohio)\n\n\n's Church, St. Philomena's Church and St. Joseph's Church. The three parishes were founded in 1840, 1846 and 1846 respectively. As more immigration followed, St. Michael's was founded, the first filial parish of St. Joseph. The parish was located to what was then called Storrs Township. Forty-five persons organized themselves into a congregation in the early part of 1847 and drew up a constitution for the church A lot was donated by Innocent Troenle and two additional adjacent pieces of property were bought in April and May", "id": "11338582" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Michael and St. Anthony\n\n\ntoday to mostly Poles and Italians. The church has also been noted for its Byzantine Revival architecture, complete with a dome and minaret-styled tower, making it \"one of the more unique examples of church architecture in Montréal.\" Construction on the Church of St. Michael the Archangel began in 1914, for what would grow to become the largest anglophone parish in Montreal. After a brief delay following the commencement of World War I, the church was completed in 1915 at a cost of $232,000, with a capacity of", "id": "10850773" }, { "contents": "Zion Lutheran Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nother Cleveland-area Lutheran congregations, including Trinity Lutheran Church, are Zion's daughters. The original church building was located downtown, but the east-side German community was strong enough by 1902 that the congregation deemed Prospect Avenue a better location for serving the community. From its earliest years, the congregation had sponsored a school; Zion Lutheran School was founded in 1848, at which time all scholars were instructed in German. The school moved to Prospect Avenue ahead of the church; the present building was completed in 1903,", "id": "19215937" }, { "contents": "St. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\non their behalf with papal authorities, and Charles Boehm of Hungary settled in Cleveland in late 1892 to serve the new St. Elizabeth parish, the first Hungarian nationality parish in America. Boehm immediately began registering members and advocating for the construction of a church complex; the first church building, a brick structure, was erected by the end of 1893, a school soon followed, and a larger school was completed in 1900 because of expanded enrollment. He also began a Hungarian-language parish newspaper that soon gained subscribers in other parts", "id": "19215854" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church, Madison\n\n\ndying Catholics (he was a doctor as well). Costigan is believed to have been the Catholic architect of the church. Costigan was only recorded as being a member of the parish during the construction, but details of the church building mirror his other buildings in Madison. In December 1839 St. Michael the Archangel Catholic Church was completed. As the City of Madison grew, so did its Catholic population. German–Catholics had increased highly in numbers and had formed a separate congregation within St. Michael's. In 1850, the", "id": "2385658" }, { "contents": "Pilgrim Congregational Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nonly a short time, as construction on the present building was started just 23 years after the first building was finished. The name \"Pilgrim Congregational Church\" was adopted in 1894 upon the completion of the present building; they had been styled \"Heights Congregational Church\" into the 1870s and used the name \"Jennings Avenue Congregational Church\" in the 1880s. The building was a community landmark from its earliest years — electric wiring was included in the original construction at a time when no other Cleveland buildings west of the Cuyahoga River", "id": "19215839" }, { "contents": "St. Monica Church (Manhattan)\n\n\nin 1880 he began conducting Mass over a feed store at 404 East 78th Street. The following year, he purchased land for the construction of the church and school. Construction of the first church building was completed in 1883. In 1892, the address was listed as 409 E 79th Street. The Rev. John J. Boyle served as acting rector at St. Monica's before becoming the founding pastor of St. Luke's Church (Bronx, New York). The current Gothic Revival church building was erected in 1906 to the designs of", "id": "18565781" }, { "contents": "Annunciation Church (historic) (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nAnnunciation Church (historic) (), was a Catholic parish church in Cleveland, Ohio and part of the Diocese of Cleveland. It was located at the intersection of Hurd St. and Moore St., now part of the West Side Market parking lot, in the Ohio City neighborhood. The location where the church once stood can be found, in an 1881 atlas, at the south-west corner of Hurd St. and Moore St., on the west bank of the Cuyahoga river above part of the Flats historically known as Ox", "id": "14549709" }, { "contents": "Sacred Heart of Jesus Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n. Between 1885 and 1889 a large number of Poles settled in South Cleveland, in the area of East 71st St. and Harvard Ave. They lived too far away from St. Stanislaus church for them to conveniently either attend Mass or for their children to attend the parish school. They petitioned Bishop Richard Gilmour for permission to form a new parish and build a church for their own use. The petition to form a new parish and build a church was granted, and the parish was founded in  — about 42 years after the Diocese", "id": "12287909" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland Heights, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Paul's Episcopal Church is a parish of the Episcopal Church in Cleveland Heights, Ohio. The current rector is the Rev. Jeanne Leinbach, installed on October 23, 2015. She is the first female rector of St. Paul's. Her predecessor was the Rev. Alan M. Gates, who served from 2004-2014, before his election as Bishop of Massachusetts. St. Paul's is a leading church and has the largest congregation in the Episcopal Diocese of Ohio. The church building is a Cleveland Heights landmark. Located at 2747", "id": "18644037" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nRev. Richard Gilmour. Volunteer German and Hungarian woodworkers completed the interior of the church. Over the next 40 years, the parish added a rectory, convent for the Sisters of Notre Dame and two school buildings including one for and an all girls two-year high school which opened in 1905. After World War II, St. Stephen's parish experienced unprecedented growth due to the population growth in Cleveland and throughout the country. On June 8, 1953 a tornado severely damaged the church structure. Work to restore the building began immediately", "id": "19215920" }, { "contents": "Cathedral of St. John the Evangelist (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nstyle and the Bishop laid the cornerstone October 22, 1848. Until the new building was completed in 1852, St. Mary's served as cathedral for the diocese. At the time of its completion, the new cathedral was the well beyond Cleveland's Public Square. Alterations and additions began on the church almost as soon as the initial construction was complete. In 1857, a boys' school was added and within ten years, it was joined by a parish hall and girls' school. In 1879, the parish raised sufficient", "id": "10656550" }, { "contents": "St. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nthe present building. Although the cornerstone was laid in 1918, the construction process was lengthy, and it was finally completed only in 1922. Built primarily of limestone, according to a design of Cleveland architect Emile Uhlrich, the church is an example of Italian-influenced Baroque Revival architecture, partly modelled after the church of Sant'Agnese in Agone in Rome. Two great towers, topped with cupolas, form the ends of the facade, while a great rose window sits in the middle section of the facade high above the main entrance", "id": "19215857" }, { "contents": "St. Nicholas' Catholic Church (Osgood, Ohio)\n\n\nnearby villages; St. Augustine's Church in Minster and St. Michael's Church in Fort Loramie were established by 1850, but the foundations of a parish in Osgood were not laid until 1904, and formal establishment of the parish came in 1906. In its earliest years, the Mass was celebrated in common buildings; after worshipping for a time in a school, the parishioners purchased a barn for ecclesiastical purposes. For many years, the improvement of the parish's facilities was hindered by its size; the fewness of its members meant", "id": "421917" }, { "contents": "Union–Miles Park\n\n\na congregation for African Americans, was founded 1914, and erected its first church building and school in 1916 at what is now Union Avenue and Martin Luther King Drive. The congregation that formed Archangel Michael Orthodox Church ( St. Michael's Orthodox Church) split from St. John the Baptist Orthodox Church in 1921. It began construction of its new church home at 10000 Union Avenue in April 1924, completing the structure in 1926. Although the long-standing Cataract House closed in 1917, the first Union–Miles Park movie theater,", "id": "20793486" }, { "contents": "St. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church is a historic Roman Catholic church in the Buckeye Road neighborhood on the east side of Cleveland, Ohio, United States. The earliest ethnic parish established for Hungarians in the United States, its present building was constructed in the early twentieth century, and it has been named a historic site. Cleveland's first Hungarian Catholics initially worshipped at St. Ladislaus' Church, an east-side Slovakian parish, but ethnic strife and increasing immigration prompted the Hungarian community to seek their own parish. Bishop Horstmann interceded", "id": "19215853" }, { "contents": "Sacred Heart of Jesus Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSacred Heart of Jesus (), was a Catholic parish church in Cleveland, Ohio and part of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland. It was located at the north-west corner of intersection of East 71st St. and Kazimier St., in a part of the South Broadway neighborhood previously known in Polish as \"\" and nicknamed \"Goosetown\". Both the church building and the school building are GNIS named features. The church, school, and rectory buildings are listed together as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. The church was closed", "id": "12287908" }, { "contents": "St. Mary Mother of the Redeemer Church (Norwalk, Ohio)\n\n\nSaint Mary Mother of the Redeemer Church is a parish in the Roman Catholic Diocese of Toledo. The current church is located at 38 W. League Street, Norwalk, Ohio. Construction on the building began on May 29, 1889, and was completed in 1894. The church was previously twinned with St. Alphonsus in Peru, Ohio, but was later twinned with St. Anthony in Milan, Ohio, after a mass restructuring of the diocese. The Century House was a name given to several buildings, now all demolished, within the", "id": "21671394" }, { "contents": "Pilgrim Congregational Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nPilgrim Congregational Church is a historic congregation of the United Church of Christ in Cleveland, Ohio, United States. Constructed in the 1890s for a congregation founded in the 1850s, it was named a historic site in the 1970s. Congregationalists began operating a Sunday school in Cleveland's Tremont neighborhood in 1854, and their efforts resulted in the creation of a church five years later. The members began construction of their first church building in 1865, although it was not completed until 1870. It was suitable for the congregation's needs for", "id": "19215838" }, { "contents": "Sidney Mason Stone\n\n\n; St. Patrick's Church, New Haven (1853) constructed of East Haven sandstone;First Congregational Church, Naugatuck, CT (1855) and Wooster Place Congregational Church, Wooster Square, New Haven (1855) (now the Church of St. Michael) the original design for which featured a Corinthian portico and tall steeple. In \"New Haven: A Guide to Architecture and Urban Design\", Brown remarks on St. Michael's, “The building has burned twice, the steeple blown down once...Only the side walls and tall", "id": "165241" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Dayton, Ohio)\n\n\ncentury, the parish had outgrown it, and construction began on a new building; Archbishop Moeller laid the cornerstone in July 1905 and consecrated it in November 1906. Growth continued, and St. Anthony's Church was established in 1913 by families coming out of St. Mary's. St. Mary's remains an active part of the Archdiocese of Cincinnati to the present day. Masses are celebrated both in English and in Spanish. The current St. Mary's Church is a Romanesque Revival structure built in a mix of brick and stone. Constructed", "id": "19205375" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Indianapolis, Indiana)\n\n\nuntil the Diocese of Indianapolis established Holy Rosary Catholic Church, an Italian national parish in Indianapolis in 1911. After the turn of the century, when the neighborhood become commercial, the parish purchased property at New Jersey and Vermont streets, where they built the present church, which was under construction from 1910 to 1912. St. Mary's adapted to its changing ethnic neighborhood over the years. In 1967, as the city's Spanish-speaking community began to grow, the parish began offering Sunday mass in Spanish. German-language", "id": "3660949" }, { "contents": "St. John's Catholic Church (Fryburg, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. John Catholic Church is a Roman Catholic church in the unincorporated community of Fryburg in Pusheta Township, Auglaize County, Ohio, United States. The parish was established in 1848, the same year in which the community was platted, and construction was completed in 1850. A Catholic school in connection with the church was established in 1877. Both buildings feature fine architecture: the church includes Gothic Revival elements such as ornate pilasters and lancet windows, while the former school is a good example of Federal architecture. St. John's is", "id": "11283325" }, { "contents": "St. Augustine Parish (Hartford, Connecticut)\n\n\nSt. Augustine Parish is a Roman Catholic parish located in Hartford, Connecticut. In addition to a church, the parish also administers a school, St. Augustine School. St. Augustine Parish was established in August 1902 with Fr. Michael Barry appointed as its first pastor. At that time, a church building had not yet been constructed so mass was offered at the Washington Street School until a basement chapel was completed in 1903. The current Romanesque-style church was completed in 1912 and dedicated by Bishop John J. Nilan of the then", "id": "21104070" }, { "contents": "Zion Lutheran Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nFirst Methodist, Trinity Cathedral, and St. Paul's Episcopal Church on Euclid Avenue. This condition persisted into the mid-1910s, at which point the neighborhood transitioned into a largely commercial area. Beginning after 1930, the neighborhood deteriorated as many buildings were demolished, often to create room for parking lots. In such an environment Zion Lutheran Church was constructed in 1902 and opened for public use in the following year. It is home to a congregation founded by German immigrants in 1843, the oldest extant Lutheran congregation in the city; many", "id": "19215936" }, { "contents": "Church of St Paul, Letchworth\n\n\nallow construction of the new church to begin, with the foundation stone being laid on 10 October 1923 by the Marchioness of Salisbury. Work on the first section of the building was completed including three and a half bays of the nave with arcades at the sides. This first section was consecrated by Michael Furse, the Bishop of St Albans on 3 May 1924. A tower was intended but was never built. By 1924 the church was becoming too small for its growing congregation and work on an extension began in early 1931,", "id": "1720772" }, { "contents": "Basilica of the Sacred Heart of Jesus, Syracuse\n\n\noriginal church was located across the street from the current structure. The first Mass in the new parish church was said on August 30, 1892, with the formal dedication taking place nearly a year later on June 11, 1893. The congregation outgrew the first church within a decade, and a decision was made to construct a new church. The foundations were built by parishioners in order to save money, and the cornerstone was laid in 1907. Work was completed in three years, and the church was completed and dedicated on", "id": "4119395" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n, side altars and pulpit are made entirely of oak wood and decorated with beautiful German woodcarvings. The church pews are also oak. A Mexican onyx and brass Communion rail was installed over the years and the floor of the sanctuary and aisles is made of black and white marble tiles. St. Stephen's is a fully active Roman Catholic Parish in the Diocese of Cleveland. This means that they have a full parish staff and church council. They have regular Sunday Masses as well as daily Masses. German Mass is offered every first", "id": "19215923" }, { "contents": "Roncesvalles, Toronto\n\n\nWomenpriests at the church. St. Casimir's Polish Roman Catholic Church at Garden Avenue, offers Polish masses on Sundays. Its origins begin in 1944 when the Oblate Mission decided to create the third Polish parish (and first in the west end) in Toronto. The lot on which the church stands today was purchased for $15,000 in 1948 and construction on the parish hall began the same year. The first mass was held in the church hall in 1949. The church was completed and officially began offering mass on May 23,", "id": "3040916" }, { "contents": "Rajavoor\n\n\nSt. Michael's Shrine which is located at the center part of Rajavoor. The annual feast starts on the first Friday of May with a flag hoisting followed by a ten-day Mass and adoration. The eighth, ninth and tenth days are marked with a car procession to St. Michael Archangel, carnival ended with High Mass in front of the Holy Cars. The Roman Catholics and parish are administered by the Kottar Diocese. Another notable church, Our Lady of Presentation (Kaanikkai Maathaa) Church is attached to the Rajavoor Parish as", "id": "4595849" }, { "contents": "Transfiguration Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nBaptist Church in the nearby suburb of Garfield Heights, Ohio, which had a large, new structure. In April 1943, Trinity Baptist Church sold its building to the Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland for $35,000 ($ in dollars). The Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland erected Transfiguration Parish on July 30, 1943. The parish was divided from nearby Immaculate Heart of Mary Church and Shrine Church of St. Stanislaus parishes. Reverend Joseph F. Zabawa was named the pastor of the new congregation, which took up residence in the Trinity", "id": "20542089" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Augustine (Larchmont, New York)\n\n\nThe Church of St. Augustine is a Roman Catholic church located in Larchmont, New York. The parish having been founded in 1892, the present Gothic Revival church building was constructed in 1928. With a growing number of Catholics living in Larchmont, New York—many of them domestic servants who attended Blessed Sacrament Church in New Rochelle or Most Holy Trinity Church in Mamaroneck—the Archbishop of New York, Michael Corrigan, created the parish of St. Augustine was created in 1892. The decision to establish a parish was motivated in part", "id": "19300736" }, { "contents": "St. Barbara Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Barbara Catholic Church () is a parish of the Roman Catholic Church in Cleveland, Ohio, within the Diocese of Cleveland. The parish church is located on Denison Ave. between West 16th St. and the southbound entrance to SR 176, in a part of the Brooklyn Centre neighborhood previously known in Polish as . The red brick parish church, designed by H.C. Gabele, is a local landmark. It is a GNIS named feature. The church, rectory and convent buildings are listed together as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. The", "id": "13695356" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\ntwo years the parishioners worshipped in a hotel before constructing a building at Fourth and Euclid downtown. A fire destroyed the structure before it was completed, but people throughout the city contributed funds to build a brick replacement in 1851. By the 1870s, the streets surrounding the church had become primarily commercial, so the vestry sold the building and rented halls while building the present church eastward on Euclid Avenue. Its placement amid the wealthy Millionaire's Row district soon caused it to become a symbol of the neighborhood. However, the membership", "id": "19215901" }, { "contents": "St Michael the Archangel Church, Chatham\n\n\nHeart Church in Luton. St Paulinus Church was built in 1788 as a Wesleyan Chapel. In 1892, it was bought by the local Catholic Church. Sacred Heart Church was built in 1949. On 26 June 1949, its foundation stone was laid by the parish priest of St Michael's Church. St Paulinus Church has one Sunday Mass at 9:00am. Sacred Heart Church also has one Sunday Mass, it is at 10:30am. St Michael's Church has four Sunday Masses: 6:30pm on Saturday and 9:30am, 11:00am and 6:00pm on", "id": "19228802" }, { "contents": "St Michael and All Angels Church, Kingaroy\n\n\n's construction. Architect Colin Deighton, who was assistant to John Hingeston Buckeridge, the Anglican Diocese of Brisbane Architect between 1887 and 1901, designed the church. Deighton designed a number of country churches and St Colomb's Anglican Church at Clayfield in Brisbane. The foundation stone of St Michael and All Angels Church was laid on 10 November 1910 by the Venerable Arthur Rivers, Archdeacon of Toowoomba. Construction of the building, which was to seat 250 worshippers, began in December 1910 and was completed in 1911. Its cost, including", "id": "3972006" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Catholic Church (Chicago)\n\n\nSt. Michael () is a church of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Chicago. The current church is located at E. 83rd Street and S. South Shore Drive in South Chicago, a neighborhood of Chicago, Illinois. It is a prime example of the so-called \"Polish Cathedral style\" of churches in both its opulence and grand scale. Along with Immaculate Conception, it is one of the two monumental Polish churches dominating over the South Chicago neighborhood. Founded in 1892 as a Polish parish in Chicago to relieve overcrowding at Immaculate", "id": "20616064" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nof St. Stephen's for 38 years. In 1873, Fr. Reichlin realized that a new church building was needed to accommodate the growing parish. The Cleveland-based architect firm called Cudell & Richardson was hired to build the structure that still stands today as St. Stephen's Roman Catholic Church. Due to economic depression in the mid-1870s, work on the new building was stopped. Parishioners mortgaged their own properties to raise funds for the new church. It was dedicated on November 20, 1881 by the second bishop of Cleveland,", "id": "19215919" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church, Madison\n\n\n1992, the parishes of St. Mary's and St. Michael's became one community of faith, with one priest, Father John Meyer, and two church buildings. Saturday night mass was held at St. Michael's for St. Michael's ‘parishioners,’ and on Sunday morning, mass was held at St. Mary's. In 1993, the area's two other Catholic Churches (St. Patrick's and St. Anthony's) were merged with St. Mary's-St. Michael's as well. St. Michael's had extensive roof damage", "id": "2385663" }, { "contents": "St. Michael's Church, Hildesheim\n\n\nin 1010 and dedicated the still unfinished building to Michael on the archangel's feast day, 29 September 1022, just a few weeks before his death. Construction, however, continued under his successor, Bishop Godehard (died 1038), who completed the work in 1031 and reconsecrated the church to Michael on September 29 of that year. The church has double choirs east and west, double tripartite transepts at either end of the nave, and six towers----two large ones over the crossings east and west, and four other tall and", "id": "721679" }, { "contents": "St. Augustine's Catholic Church (Napoleon, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Augustine's Catholic Church is a historic church in Napoleon, Ohio, United States. Located on the edge of the city's downtown, two blocks away from the Henry County Courthouse, the church is a prominent landmark in Napoleon. St. Augustine Parish was founded at some point between 1856 and 1858; its first priest was Michael Pietz. The parish was dedicated to St. Augustine in honor of Augustine Pilliod, who supervised the construction of its first building. This structure was replaced with the current church, which was built at", "id": "13450149" }, { "contents": "Saint Patrick's Church (Dubuque, Iowa)\n\n\nMcCabe was assigned as the first resident pastor. The cornerstone of the present brick church was laid in 1877, and the building dedicated on August 15, 1878. In 1928, the Rev. J.J. Hanley remodeled and enlarged the church. St. Patrick Church was originally built for service to the Irish settlers of Dubuque and while the parish has maintained a healthy respect for its Irish heritage over its many years of service, the parish now specializes in service to the Hispanic residents of Dubuque. The parish offers a Spanish Mass on Sundays,", "id": "20590874" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nsecond parish for German-speaking Catholics. In April 1869 the first bishop of Cleveland, Bishop Louis Amadeus Rappe, appointed Fr. Stephen Falk to have a two-story building built. The building would be used as a church on the upper level and a school on the lower level to accommodate the 200 families from St. Mary's that lived west of 44th Street. The newly ordained Fr. Casimir Reichlin became the first pastor and said the first Mass of the parish on May 1, 1870. He served as pastor", "id": "19215918" }, { "contents": "Immaculate Conception Catholic Church (Fulda, Ohio)\n\n\n. Construction began on a small church building under the ministry of the priest from Miltonsburg, and Archbishop Purcell of Cincinnati dedicated it in 1853. Ten years later, the parishioners constructed a parish school, and a rectory followed in 1866; its large size and pretentious architecture resulted in a high construction cost of $2,500. By this time, the original church building had become entirely inadequate for the needs of the congregation, and replacement plans were laid; the cornerstone was laid in May 1874, and Bishop Rosecrans of Columbus dedicated", "id": "19205436" }, { "contents": "St. Vitus's Church, Cleveland\n\n\nSt. Vitus is a parish of the Roman Catholic Church in Cleveland, Ohio, United States, in the Diocese of Cleveland. The parish church, located at 6019 Lausche Avenue in the St. Clair-Superior neighborhood, was completed in 1932. The first documented Slovenian to settle in the Cleveland area was Joseph Turk, who came about 1883, most likely from Carniola, and settled on Marble Avenue, near the steel mills. He helped organize the Catholic Slovenes in Cleveland, and requested that Bishop Richard Gilmour of Cleveland appoint a", "id": "916020" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Catholic Church (St. Patrick, Ohio)\n\n\nrectory in 1919 to house its pastor; before its construction, St. Patrick's was served by priests from St. Michael's Church in Fort Loramie to the southwest. In 1977, the church and rectory were recorded by the Ohio Historic Inventory for the purpose of historic preservation; both buildings were ranked in good condition without any significant risks. Two years later, they were listed together on the National Register of Historic Places, along with over thirty other buildings in the Land of the Cross-Tipped Churches. When these churches were", "id": "15760892" }, { "contents": "Cathedral of St Michael and St John\n\n\n. In that year work commenced on a permanent church building located on the corner of George and Keppel Streets. St Michael's Church was a Victorian Gothic style building constructed in brick. It was in use by 1841 but appears not to have been completed until 1846 when leadlight windows were installed. Bishop John Bede Polding (1794-1877), first Catholic Archbishop of Sydney, was interested in fostering the English Gothic style of architecture in his diocese. He arranged for plans for significant churches to be prepared by English architects including", "id": "17452035" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Cathedral, Thunder Bay\n\n\n. From there, St. Patrick's Church was one of many churches that was missioned to the First Nations in Northern Ontario, as well as St. Andrew's Church, which was handed over to the diocese in 1997. St. Patrick's was built in 1892, the same year as Thunder Bay was incorporated as a town. The foundation stone was laid on 10 October 1891, and the first Mass was celebrated on 21 August 1892. The Jesuit parish priests made plans for the construction of an elementary school later that decade.", "id": "14488629" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Catholic Church (Toledo, Ohio)\n\n\nfor use in a new building. Fr. Edward Hannin, pastor of St. Patrick's, set out to create \"the finest church in this part of the land,\" for his congregation and began to raise money for construction. When it was completed, St. Patrick's was considered one of the finest examples of Gothic Revival architecture in the United States. The exterior is constructed of Amherst blue sandstone and the interior contains ten red granite columns. The church was dedicated on April 13, 1901. The church underwent extensive", "id": "9145471" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Dayton, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Mary's Catholic Church is a historic Catholic church building in an eastern neighborhood of Dayton, Ohio, United States. Constructed at the beginning of the twentieth century, it remains home to an active parish. Its grand architecture has made it an aviator's landmark, and it has been named a historic site by the federal government. Emanuel Church, the first Catholic parish in Dayton, was formed in 1837. Many English-speaking families left to form a separate parish in 1846, but Emanuel continued growing to the point", "id": "19205373" }, { "contents": "Church of St. James the Less\n\n\nmission. Weekly celebration of Mass resumed on Sundays at 5:00 pm. The breakaway congregation now meets at the Holy Cross Catholic church and is known as the Church of Saint Michael the Archangel. During the controversy, the parish school closed circa 2006. As part of its mandate, Saint Mark's Church began a fundraising effort to open a new parish school to serve this local community. In 2009 and 2010, the St. Mark's congregation (together with St. Francis Episcopal Church in Potomac, Maryland) sponsored Vacation Bible School at", "id": "12322466" }, { "contents": "St. John's Evangelical Lutheran Church (Springfield, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. John's Evangelical Lutheran Church is a historic Lutheran church in downtown Springfield, Ohio, United States. Founded as a German-speaking parish in Springfield's early days, it grew rapidly during its first few decades, and its present large church building was constructed in the 1890s under the direction of one of Springfield's leading architects. The congregation remains in the landmark church building, which has been named a historic site. Springfield's first Lutheran congregation was organized in May 1841, and a separate group of German Lutherans began", "id": "18832000" }, { "contents": "St Michael and St John Church, Clitheroe\n\n\nGrade II listed building. In September 2008, the Jesuits handed the church over to the Diocese of Salford who continue to serve the parish. Two years later, the parish merged with St Mary Queen of Peace Church in Sabden to form the parish of Our Lady of the Valley. St Mary's was built in 1877 and it was made into a parish in 1909, so that the parishioners did not have to travel the sizeable distance to attend Mass in Clitheroe. The parish has two Sunday Masses at St Michael and St", "id": "5090732" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n. St. Paul's church building is one of just six Gothic Revival churches built in Cleveland during the 1870s that survived into the 1980s. At one time considered Cleveland's grandest and largest church, it is distinguished by the unusual architecture of the peak of the bell tower, and the open interior features extensive detailing, along with seating for one thousand worshippers. Covered with sandstone from Berea, the building was a work of Gordon W. Lloyd, a Detroit architect who also produced grand churches in Ohio cities of various sizes, ranging", "id": "19215903" }, { "contents": "St. Aloysius' Catholic Church (Carthagena, Ohio)\n\n\nerected in 1865. In their earliest years, the people worshipped in the chapel of the adjacent St. Charles Seminary. Throughout its history, the church has been significantly influenced by the seminary, which trained the priests of the Missionaries of the Precious Blood and provided pastors for the church. As its membership grew, the parish decided to construct a church building. Plans were laid and construction began in 1875; the cornerstone was laid in May 1877, and the church was consecrated on June 30, 1878; the parishioners had performed", "id": "20255448" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Church (Monroe, Michigan)\n\n\nto come. St. Michael Church is located along the River Raisin on West Front Street in the city of Monroe, MI. The 183 foot steeple isn't hard to miss. When you come into Monroe you can easily see St. Michael's A tradition at St. Michael Church is the parish prayer. It is said before the beginning of every mass. It reads: \"Lord, God, we glorify Your holy name and thank you for calling us, the people of Saint Michael the Archangel Parish, to be one in", "id": "12346363" }, { "contents": "St Michael and All Angels Church, Barton Turf\n\n\nSt Michael and All Angels is the Church of England parish church of Barton Turf in the county of Norfolk in England. See Inside here. It stands about a kilometre south-west of the village in the midst of a plantation of trees. Particularly notable for its surviving paintings, the church is listed with Grade I. The building was at first constructed in rather an undistinguished Perpendicular style, possessing a tower at the west end of the church. The church is best known for the twelve panels of its late-Gothic rood", "id": "15249529" }, { "contents": "St Michael and All Angels' Church, Haworth\n\n\nSt Michael and All Angels' Church is the Church of England parish church of Haworth, West Yorkshire. The current structure, the third church building on the site, was built between 1879 and 1881 although parts of the original medieval church building, notably the tower, survive from earlier periods. The church is best known for its historic association with the Brontë sisters whose father Revd. Patrick Brontë served as minister of the parish between 1820 and 1861. A chapel has existed on the site since 1488, though records held at", "id": "17201346" }, { "contents": "St. Peter Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Peter Church (), is a Catholic parish church in Cleveland, Ohio and part of the Diocese of Cleveland. Founded in , it is located at the intersection of Superior Ave. near East 17th St., in the Downtown neighborhood. The church is a longstanding city landmark; George Francis Houck, then the Chancellor, wrote in 1903 that, \"One of the landmarks of the city and Diocese of Cleveland is St. Peter's Church.\" It is listed as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. It is also a named", "id": "13925952" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Church (Monroe, Michigan)\n\n\n. It was used as a church on the first floor and on the second it was used for the school. Later it would only be used as St. Michael School. Then in 1866 the cornerstone for the present church was laid. The large 187 foot steeple wasn't added until 1883. In 1874 the 3-story rectory was built east of the church. In 1918 the parish built the present building of St. Michael School which is now a part of Monroe Catholic Elementary Schools. The movement to establish the parish started in 1845", "id": "12346356" }, { "contents": "St. Casimir Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nRichard Gilmour for permission to form a new parish and build a church for their own use. In December 1891, Monsignor Felix Boff, V.G., administrator of the diocese, granted the required permission. Those parishioners left to form St. Casimir Church in 1891. The parish was founded in 1891 — about 44 years after the Diocese of Cleveland was erected by Pope Pius IX. In December, 1891, Boff appointed Father Benedict Rosinski, pastor of St. Adalbert's, Berea, Ohio, to take charge of the mission. On", "id": "12488231" }, { "contents": "St James' Church, Forest Gate\n\n\nSt James' Church, Forest Gate was a church in Forest Gate, east London. Its origins lay in an iron building constructed around 1870 to serve a conventional district. A parish was formed for it in 1881 from those of Emmanuel Church, All Saints and St John's and its permanent church completed the following year, with an organ moved from St Matthew's Church, Friday Street. The church was demolished in 1964 and for two years its congregation worshiped in the Durning Hall Community Centre's chapel until the parish was", "id": "17208906" }, { "contents": "North Presbyterian Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nNorth Presbyterian Church is a historic Presbyterian church on the east side of Cleveland, Ohio, United States. Constructed in the 1880s, the church building has been named a historic site. Throughout its history, the congregation has been focused on Sunday school work. North Presbyterian Church developed out of a mission Sunday school established in east-side Cleveland in 1859. The local presbytery organized a congregation out of the Sunday school in 1867, and within a short while, the new congregation formed the first of two mission Sunday schools in", "id": "19215693" }, { "contents": "St. Vitus's Church, Cleveland\n\n\nVitus to work on the interior. It was finished for the centennial celebration of the parish later that year. St. Vitus remains a strong parish, but Fr. Božnar works with Bishop Lennon's programs to cluster parishes in order to increase strength for inner-city parishes. The church building of St. Vitus itself is constructed in the Lombard-Roman style with pale yellow Falston brick. It is 141 feet long and 100 feet wide with an attached parish house on its west side. Its two Romanesque bell towers reach 110 feet", "id": "916027" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Michael (St. Michael, Minnesota)\n\n\nof the church came from Saint John's Abbey in Collegeville. In 1866 a new church was built in the center of the town and served for about 25 years. In 1890 the parish built a Gothic Revival building, which was the largest church in Wright County at the time. The building features ornate statues and German woodcarvings. Although the parish had a mostly German ethnicity for many years, since 1985 the number of families in the parish doubled, and it no longer appears to be an ethnic parish. In 2004 the", "id": "1327870" }, { "contents": "St. Thomas Church (Underhill, Vermont)\n\n\nSt. Thomas Church is a Roman Catholic church in the Town of Underhill, Vermont in the United States, located in the unincorporated village of \"Underhill Center\". The church was built from 1891-92 after its predecessor had burned down on 19 December 1890. The cornerstone for the current St. Thomas Church building was laid on 12 August 1891 at an event that had an estimated 1,000 attendees. Although the construction period spanned from 1 May 1891 until December 1892, the first Mass was nevertheless held in the basement of the church", "id": "6739395" }, { "contents": "St. William Parish (Lawncrest)\n\n\n1950s and 60's, saw many changes come to the physical plant of the Parish that reflected the housing boom of the area, the economic upswing of the times and the growing parish population. Many of the original \"Motley Buildings\" were completely replaced. The Middle School (Junior High/Upper School) building was built and later an additional floor was added. When consideration was had for the completion of the Upper Church, it was found that the basement church was not structurally sufficient to support additional construction. In 1955", "id": "10364503" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Michael the Archangel, Katowice\n\n\nChurch of St. Michael Archangel () is one of the oldest buildings in Katowice. It's located in Kościuszko Park, where it was moved in 1938 from the village Syrynia, where it was originally constructed in 1510. It is under the invocation of St. Michael. It has end-fitted log framework construction and shingled roof. Free-standing belltower was completed before 1679; it has historic lych-gate and wooden fence around the churchyard. The church of St. Michael Archangel was first built in 1305 in Syrynia, near", "id": "21359049" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Catholic Church (St. Patrick, Ohio)\n\n\n's was closely connected to many other churches in western Ohio: wide areas of western Ohio that were primarily settled by Catholics feature large churches at sparsely-populated crossroads. While most of these churches are constructed in the Gothic Revival style of architecture, some of the newer churches of the region — including St. Patrick's — appear in a variety of styles; St. Patrick's was one of the few that lacked the high steeples of the Gothic Revival structures. The leading role of these churches in western Shelby County and the lands", "id": "15760890" }, { "contents": "St Michael's Roman Catholic Church, Linlithgow\n\n\nchildren the congregation capitalised on the spirit of cooperation and community and set out to build a school. Located on a site next to the church St. Joseph's school was opened on 1 July 1889 and served the children of the parish until 1964 when new premises were occupied at Preston Road. Although during this time Fr Easson had replaced Fr Murphy as parish priest there was no change of emphasis and all the parish energies were engaged in the effort to complete the church building programme. Plans to double the size of the church were", "id": "17679127" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Delaware, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Mary's Catholic Church is a historic Catholic parish church in the city of Delaware, Ohio, United States. Constructed in the 1880s, this grand building is home to a congregation established in the middle of the nineteenth century. Its grand style has long made it a community landmark, and it was named a historic landmark in 1980. Delaware's first Masses were celebrated by travelling priests in the homes of the city's few Catholics, most of whom were Irish or German immigrants. The members built the first St. Mary", "id": "2642749" }, { "contents": "Church of the Resurrection (Rye, New York)\n\n\nin 1881 at the intersection of Purchase Street and the Boston Post Road, where services were then offered. The parish was incorporated on January 29, 1886, and title to the property was transferred from the archdiocese to the parish itself. A new church building was completed in 1889 on Purchase Street, while the former building was used as the rectory. Thereafter, construction of a parochial school on the Boston Post Road began in 1906 and was completed two years later. With the number of parishioners growing, the church purchased land", "id": "19300829" }, { "contents": "Near North Side, Chicago\n\n\n, most of this area was an enclave to the first emigrants from Puerto Rico to Chicago, who referred to it as part of \"La Clark\" until commercialization decorated late 1960s shop signs with the name of Old Town. The neighborhood is home to St. Michael's Church, originally built to serve German immigrants, and one of only 7 to survive the great Chicago fire. St. Michael's, Holy Name Cathedral, Immaculate Conception, and St. Joseph's Catholic churches all catered to Latinos with a Mass in Spanish. Many", "id": "1540930" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Massillon, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Mary's Catholic Church is a historic Catholic church building in the city of Massillon, Ohio, United States. Constructed in 1876 for a congregation composed largely of European immigrants, it has been named a historic site. The origins of St. Mary parish lie among numerous Germans and Irish who settled in Massillon in its early years and built a small house of worship on Cherry Road in the 1840s. This building stood until 1875, when it was destroyed so that the present church might occupy its location; it was built in", "id": "19205828" }, { "contents": "St. Anne Church (Berlin, New Hampshire)\n\n\nSt. Anne Church is a historic church at 58 Church Street in Berlin, New Hampshire, United States. It is the church for Good Shepherd Parish within the Roman Catholic Diocese of Manchester. St. Anne Parish was founded in 1867, and was Berlin's first Roman Catholic congregation. It was merged with Guardian Angel Parish, St. Joseph Parish, and St. Kieran Parish in 2000 to form Good Shepherd Parish. Its building, constructed in 1900, is an important local example of Romanesque architecture, and was listed on the National Register", "id": "2452362" }, { "contents": "St. Peter Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n, put up by Luhr, was torn down and replaced by a large pastoral residence adjoining the rear of the church, at a cost of $12,000. In the same year a third story was added to St. Peter's school building, and arranged for a parish hall, containing a stage and other conveniences, at a cost of $10,000. In the synod of January 3, 1889, St. Peter's congregation was the first mentioned among the nine principal churches of the diocese which Gilmour named as rectorates, with an", "id": "13925965" }, { "contents": "Trinity Cathedral (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nfirst church building built within the village limits of Cleveland. In 1846, to meet the needs of a growing parish, plans for a larger, centralized building just east of Public Square commenced. The congregation moved into the larger stone structure in the Gothic style on Superior Avenue in 1855. In 1890, Trinity Church was offered to Bishop William A. Leonard for use as a cathedral for the Diocese of Ohio. The congregation would maintain the building and it would serve dual roles as the parish church and cathedral for the diocese.", "id": "19215933" }, { "contents": "St. Andrew's Cathedral (Jackson, Mississippi)\n\n\nat the time that was not located along the Mississippi River. Its church was burned by the Union Army during the American Civil War in 1863. The cornerstone for the second church was laid by the Rt. Rev. William Mercer Green in 1869. By the turn of the Twentieth Century the congregation had outgrown its church building and the present structure was completed in 1903. The Parish House was constructed between 1923 and 1924. The congregation continued to grow and the building along West Street was built in 1955. The bishop moved his", "id": "20556538" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Evansville, Indiana)\n\n\nservice in the first church building was held on April 15, 1883. While construction ensued, a congregant and frequent benefactor, Charles Viele, offered the use of Viele Hall (located on 2nd street between Main and Sycamore streets) to St. Paul's parish. The cornerstone for new St. Paul's was laid on September 3, 1883, and construction completed on March 2, 1886 with Bishop D.B. Knickerbacker consecrating the new building. Charles and Mary Viele continued to sponsor further construction on the church grounds - first with a rectory", "id": "20407572" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Church (Monroe, Michigan)\n\n\nSaint Michael the Archangel Church (St. Michael Church) is located on the west side of the city of Monroe, Michigan along the River Raisin. It is home to 1,200 families and it is one of most important religious institutes in Monroe County. It was founded in the year 1852. The present building was built from 1866-1867. It is in the Archdiocese of Detroit. Its current priest is Rev. Phillip Ching. When the parish was first established, the mayor of Monroe palatial residence was remodeled as a temporary church", "id": "12346355" }, { "contents": "St. Mary Congregational Church\n\n\nSt. Mary Congregational Church in Abbeville, Louisiana is the oldest incorporated, predominantly African-American church in Vermilion Parish. Its historic Gothic Revival style church at 213 S. Louisiana Avenue, constructed in 1905 to replace a previous building, was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1999. American Missionary Association records show the congregation dates to at least 1877. The structure is a three-bay, gable-fronted church with a prominent corner tower. The tower is three-stage and square. The church is currently non", "id": "17676536" }, { "contents": "St. Charles of the Valley Catholic Church and Rectory\n\n\nSt. Charles Borromeo Church is a Catholic parish in Hailey, Idaho, in the Diocese of Boise. Its historic parish church and rectory complex, located at Pine and S. 1st Streets, is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Fr. E.M. Nattini began ministering in the Wood River Valley in the 1880s. The population was growing rapidly, and he was soon able to raise funds for the construction of the first church of St. Charles, which began June 17, 1883. It was the first Catholic church ineast of", "id": "20581174" }, { "contents": "Sacred Heart Catholic Church (Dayton, Ohio)\n\n\nprompted some of the members to leave in July 1883 and establish Sacred Heart Church; under the leadership of St. Joseph's associate pastor Hugh McDevitt, the congregation rented a meeting hall while waiting for the construction of their building. Land for the present church was purchased for $19,000, and William Henry Elder laid the cornerstone in June 1888. Exterior work was completed in the following year, and by 1893 construction was close enough to completion that the congregation could begin worshipping in their building. The building was consecrated by Bishop Maes", "id": "22206155" }, { "contents": "St. Vincent de Paul Church (Pontiac, Michigan)\n\n\n. The church continued to grow, and in the 1880s, the Reverend Fridolin Baumgartner began raising funds for the construction of the present church. The congregation hired the Detroit architecture firm of Donaldson & Meier to design the church, and the cornerstone was laid on September 6, 1885. The church was dedicated two years later, on September 18, 1887. A 6600-pound bell was installed in the church in 1890. A rectory was constructed in 1895, a school building was added in 1897, and a parish hall in 1911", "id": "19268922" }, { "contents": "St. Boniface Roman Catholic Church\n\n\npopulation on the west side. In 1873, a two-story, red brick Italianate rectory building was built for the parish at a cost of $6,000. A stone church building was planned by the prominent local architect William M. Scott, and construction was completed in 1883 at a cost of $30,000. The parish was closed in 1989, and the building was demolished a few years later. St. Boniface Church was an eclectic example of Romanesque Revival and Ruskinian Gothic architecture. It was built in a cruciform shape from red", "id": "9736494" } ]

[ { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nchurch congregation reached its peak size in the 1950, when only 25% of the parishioners were of German descent. The first Spanish Mass was said in 1971 for the growing number of Hispanic parishioners. The congregation now is mostly Latin American. The church now offers Masses in both English and Spanish. An annual Good Friday Procession begins or ends at St. Michael's. St Michael's and La Sagrada Familia church alternate every year to begin or end at one of the two churches. There is a stop at St Patrick's", "id": "19125747" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nwhile the new building was under construction. The current church, which had its cornerstone laid in 1889, was completed five years ahead of schedule in 1892. The church building is considered a good example of High Victorian Gothic architecture with its two towers of unequal height, the taller of which rises , and three archways. An architecturally notable school adjacent to the church began construction in 1906 and was completed in 1907. For many years the church was one of the most costly and artistically notable churches in the Cleveland Diocese. The", "id": "19125746" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Michael the Archangel is a Roman Catholic church located at 3114 Scranton Road in the Clark-Fulton neighborhood on the west side of Cleveland, Ohio. The church is named in honor of St. Michael the Archangel and was completed in 1892. The congregation was founded in 1881 as a mission of Ohio City, Cleveland's St. Mary's on-the-Flats to serve a growing German immigrant population on Cleveland's west side. The original church and school building were constructed in 1883 but burned on June 29, 1891,", "id": "19125745" }, { "contents": "St. John's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n's. Trinity Cathedral is now the seat of the Episcopal Diocese of Ohio. St. John's was also the mother church to several of the west side parishes. In 1837, the Ohio City Directory described the church as follows, \"The Episcopal Church, which is not yet finished, is built of hammered stone, and has a lofty steeple. Its style of architecture is Gothic, resembling that of the ancient and venerable Cathedral. This building, when finished, will be one of the best of the kind in the", "id": "18742416" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cincinnati, Ohio)\n\n\n1847. The cornerstone was laid August 1, 1847 and the church dedicated June 4, 1848. Rev. Fr. Zoppoth was selected as the first pastor for the congregation. In 1868 St. Michael Church became the mother parish to St. Lawrence Church which was organized that same year. The Comboni Missionaries took charge of the parish in 1964. By this time many of the German-speaking families in the parish had begun to move to other parts of the city. In a mass celebrated by Daniel Edward Pilarczyk the church building was", "id": "11338583" }, { "contents": "St. Columba Cathedral (Youngstown, Ohio)\n\n\nThe first Mass celebrated in Youngstown occurred in 1826. St. Columba Parish was founded in 1847, the year that Pope Pius IX established the Diocese of Cleveland, of which Youngstown was a part. The first church was completed in 1850. As the parish grew, it required a larger church, which it completed in 1868. The first parish school building was opened three years later. The parish continued to grow and constructed yet another church which opened in 1897. Bishop Ignatius Horstmann consecrated the sanctuary in 1903. The parish added", "id": "13619245" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Stephen Church is a Roman Catholic church located in the Detroit-Shoreway neighborhood on the west side of Cleveland, Ohio. The gothic style building was designed by architects Cudell & Richardson. The current church was built in 1875 and was added into the National Register of Historic Places in 1977. St. Stephen Roman Catholic Church was founded in 1869 due to a need for a second German parish on the west side of Cleveland. The first German parish, St. Mary's, increased so much that Cleveland was in need of a", "id": "19215917" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cincinnati, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Michael the Archangel Church is a Roman Catholic church located at 2110 St. Michael Street, in Cincinnati, Ohio. The cornerstone of this church was laid in 1847 and the church dedicated a year later. The church closed April 5, 1998. As the tide of German immigrants continued to rise in Cincinnati, more churches were needed. Holy Trinity Church was the first German speaking parish. As the city grew in three directions; north, east and west; there were three parishes which descended from that parish Old St. Mary", "id": "11338581" }, { "contents": "St. John's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. John's Episcopal Church is located at 2600 Church Avenue in the Ohio City neighborhood of Cleveland, Ohio. St. John's is the oldest consecrated building in Cuyahoga county. This stone gothic revival church building was designed by Hezekiah Eldredge and built beginning in 1836 and was completed 1838. Eldridge was probably familiar with John Henry Hopkins' \"An Essay on Gothic Architecture\", the first book on Gothic ecclesiastical architecture to be published in the United States. St. John's is a good representative of a small group of American churches", "id": "18742414" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland Heights, Ohio)\n\n\nFairmount Blvd, it is a contributing property in the Fairmount Boulevard District, which is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. St. Paul's was first established in the city of Cleveland, Ohio on October 26, 1846. The congregation did not have its own building until 1851, as a frame building completed in 1849 burned completely. A small brick church in the Gothic Revival style was completed for the parish at Euclid and Sheriff (East 4th) Streets by 1858. St. Paul's congregation outgrew the church, however", "id": "18644038" }, { "contents": "Irvington, Baltimore\n\n\nPassion\", marking the beginning of St. Joseph's Monastery Parish. Construction of a new, larger church began in 1881 and was completed in 1883. Its cornerstone was placed by Cardinal James Gibbons. The original monastery, beside the church, burned down in 1883. A new monastery was completed in 1886. The monastery chapel is extant and contains an 1887 Niemann pipe organ. The congregation of St. Joseph's Monastery Parish outgrew their church building in the following century. In 1931, Archbishop Michael Joseph Curley placed the cornerstone for", "id": "5906170" }, { "contents": "St. Theodosius Russian Orthodox Cathedral\n\n\nSt. Theodosius Cathedral is an Orthodox church located on Starkweather Avenue in the Tremont neighborhood, on the near west side of Cleveland, Ohio. It is considered one of the best examples of Russian church architecture in the U.S. and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The parish is the first Orthodox parish in Cleveland and is currently under the jurisdiction of the Diocese of the Midwest of the Orthodox Church in America. St. Theodosius is perhaps best known for its appearance in the 1978 film, \"The Deer Hunter\" with", "id": "13141384" }, { "contents": "St. Casimir Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nBoth the church building and the school building are GNIS named features. The church building is listed as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. To provide properly for the large and steadily increasing number of Poles in the north-eastern part of Cleveland it was necessary to organize them into the third Polish congregation within the limits of the city. They lived too far away from St. Stanislaus Church, with which they had been affiliated, for them to conveniently either attend Mass or for their children to attend the parish school. They therefore petitioned Bishop", "id": "12488230" }, { "contents": "St. Henry's Catholic Church (Harriettsville, Ohio)\n\n\nChurch in Fulda in order to hear Mass. Virtually all of the members in the early decades were Germans or of German descent. A parish school was formed in the late 1870s, and in its first twenty years, the parish grew fourfold in membership. This growth caused the original church building to be too small: land for a new building was purchased in 1879, and construction finished in 1894. St. Henry's Church is a stone building in the Gothic Revival style; the most prominent component is a multi-story tower", "id": "19205430" }, { "contents": "St. Michael's Church, Old Town, Chicago\n\n\nSt. Michael's Church in the Old Town neighborhood of Chicago is a Roman Catholic church staffed by the Redemptorist order of priests. The parish was founded to minister to German Catholic immigrants in 1852 with its first wooden church completed that year at a cost of $750 (including the bell). The building stands at the intersection of Eugenie Street and Cleveland Avenue. The church was built as a haven for German immigrants who were outcasts in Old Chicago. In addition, the town's main church, St. Joseph's Church,", "id": "10838314" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cincinnati, Ohio)\n\n\n's Church, St. Philomena's Church and St. Joseph's Church. The three parishes were founded in 1840, 1846 and 1846 respectively. As more immigration followed, St. Michael's was founded, the first filial parish of St. Joseph. The parish was located to what was then called Storrs Township. Forty-five persons organized themselves into a congregation in the early part of 1847 and drew up a constitution for the church A lot was donated by Innocent Troenle and two additional adjacent pieces of property were bought in April and May", "id": "11338582" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Michael and St. Anthony\n\n\ntoday to mostly Poles and Italians. The church has also been noted for its Byzantine Revival architecture, complete with a dome and minaret-styled tower, making it \"one of the more unique examples of church architecture in Montréal.\" Construction on the Church of St. Michael the Archangel began in 1914, for what would grow to become the largest anglophone parish in Montreal. After a brief delay following the commencement of World War I, the church was completed in 1915 at a cost of $232,000, with a capacity of", "id": "10850773" }, { "contents": "Zion Lutheran Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nother Cleveland-area Lutheran congregations, including Trinity Lutheran Church, are Zion's daughters. The original church building was located downtown, but the east-side German community was strong enough by 1902 that the congregation deemed Prospect Avenue a better location for serving the community. From its earliest years, the congregation had sponsored a school; Zion Lutheran School was founded in 1848, at which time all scholars were instructed in German. The school moved to Prospect Avenue ahead of the church; the present building was completed in 1903,", "id": "19215937" }, { "contents": "St. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\non their behalf with papal authorities, and Charles Boehm of Hungary settled in Cleveland in late 1892 to serve the new St. Elizabeth parish, the first Hungarian nationality parish in America. Boehm immediately began registering members and advocating for the construction of a church complex; the first church building, a brick structure, was erected by the end of 1893, a school soon followed, and a larger school was completed in 1900 because of expanded enrollment. He also began a Hungarian-language parish newspaper that soon gained subscribers in other parts", "id": "19215854" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church, Madison\n\n\ndying Catholics (he was a doctor as well). Costigan is believed to have been the Catholic architect of the church. Costigan was only recorded as being a member of the parish during the construction, but details of the church building mirror his other buildings in Madison. In December 1839 St. Michael the Archangel Catholic Church was completed. As the City of Madison grew, so did its Catholic population. German–Catholics had increased highly in numbers and had formed a separate congregation within St. Michael's. In 1850, the", "id": "2385658" }, { "contents": "Pilgrim Congregational Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nonly a short time, as construction on the present building was started just 23 years after the first building was finished. The name \"Pilgrim Congregational Church\" was adopted in 1894 upon the completion of the present building; they had been styled \"Heights Congregational Church\" into the 1870s and used the name \"Jennings Avenue Congregational Church\" in the 1880s. The building was a community landmark from its earliest years — electric wiring was included in the original construction at a time when no other Cleveland buildings west of the Cuyahoga River", "id": "19215839" }, { "contents": "St. Monica Church (Manhattan)\n\n\nin 1880 he began conducting Mass over a feed store at 404 East 78th Street. The following year, he purchased land for the construction of the church and school. Construction of the first church building was completed in 1883. In 1892, the address was listed as 409 E 79th Street. The Rev. John J. Boyle served as acting rector at St. Monica's before becoming the founding pastor of St. Luke's Church (Bronx, New York). The current Gothic Revival church building was erected in 1906 to the designs of", "id": "18565781" }, { "contents": "Annunciation Church (historic) (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nAnnunciation Church (historic) (), was a Catholic parish church in Cleveland, Ohio and part of the Diocese of Cleveland. It was located at the intersection of Hurd St. and Moore St., now part of the West Side Market parking lot, in the Ohio City neighborhood. The location where the church once stood can be found, in an 1881 atlas, at the south-west corner of Hurd St. and Moore St., on the west bank of the Cuyahoga river above part of the Flats historically known as Ox", "id": "14549709" }, { "contents": "Sacred Heart of Jesus Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n. Between 1885 and 1889 a large number of Poles settled in South Cleveland, in the area of East 71st St. and Harvard Ave. They lived too far away from St. Stanislaus church for them to conveniently either attend Mass or for their children to attend the parish school. They petitioned Bishop Richard Gilmour for permission to form a new parish and build a church for their own use. The petition to form a new parish and build a church was granted, and the parish was founded in  — about 42 years after the Diocese", "id": "12287909" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland Heights, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Paul's Episcopal Church is a parish of the Episcopal Church in Cleveland Heights, Ohio. The current rector is the Rev. Jeanne Leinbach, installed on October 23, 2015. She is the first female rector of St. Paul's. Her predecessor was the Rev. Alan M. Gates, who served from 2004-2014, before his election as Bishop of Massachusetts. St. Paul's is a leading church and has the largest congregation in the Episcopal Diocese of Ohio. The church building is a Cleveland Heights landmark. Located at 2747", "id": "18644037" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nRev. Richard Gilmour. Volunteer German and Hungarian woodworkers completed the interior of the church. Over the next 40 years, the parish added a rectory, convent for the Sisters of Notre Dame and two school buildings including one for and an all girls two-year high school which opened in 1905. After World War II, St. Stephen's parish experienced unprecedented growth due to the population growth in Cleveland and throughout the country. On June 8, 1953 a tornado severely damaged the church structure. Work to restore the building began immediately", "id": "19215920" }, { "contents": "Cathedral of St. John the Evangelist (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nstyle and the Bishop laid the cornerstone October 22, 1848. Until the new building was completed in 1852, St. Mary's served as cathedral for the diocese. At the time of its completion, the new cathedral was the well beyond Cleveland's Public Square. Alterations and additions began on the church almost as soon as the initial construction was complete. In 1857, a boys' school was added and within ten years, it was joined by a parish hall and girls' school. In 1879, the parish raised sufficient", "id": "10656550" }, { "contents": "St. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nthe present building. Although the cornerstone was laid in 1918, the construction process was lengthy, and it was finally completed only in 1922. Built primarily of limestone, according to a design of Cleveland architect Emile Uhlrich, the church is an example of Italian-influenced Baroque Revival architecture, partly modelled after the church of Sant'Agnese in Agone in Rome. Two great towers, topped with cupolas, form the ends of the facade, while a great rose window sits in the middle section of the facade high above the main entrance", "id": "19215857" }, { "contents": "St. Nicholas' Catholic Church (Osgood, Ohio)\n\n\nnearby villages; St. Augustine's Church in Minster and St. Michael's Church in Fort Loramie were established by 1850, but the foundations of a parish in Osgood were not laid until 1904, and formal establishment of the parish came in 1906. In its earliest years, the Mass was celebrated in common buildings; after worshipping for a time in a school, the parishioners purchased a barn for ecclesiastical purposes. For many years, the improvement of the parish's facilities was hindered by its size; the fewness of its members meant", "id": "421917" }, { "contents": "Union–Miles Park\n\n\na congregation for African Americans, was founded 1914, and erected its first church building and school in 1916 at what is now Union Avenue and Martin Luther King Drive. The congregation that formed Archangel Michael Orthodox Church ( St. Michael's Orthodox Church) split from St. John the Baptist Orthodox Church in 1921. It began construction of its new church home at 10000 Union Avenue in April 1924, completing the structure in 1926. Although the long-standing Cataract House closed in 1917, the first Union–Miles Park movie theater,", "id": "20793486" }, { "contents": "St. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church is a historic Roman Catholic church in the Buckeye Road neighborhood on the east side of Cleveland, Ohio, United States. The earliest ethnic parish established for Hungarians in the United States, its present building was constructed in the early twentieth century, and it has been named a historic site. Cleveland's first Hungarian Catholics initially worshipped at St. Ladislaus' Church, an east-side Slovakian parish, but ethnic strife and increasing immigration prompted the Hungarian community to seek their own parish. Bishop Horstmann interceded", "id": "19215853" }, { "contents": "Sacred Heart of Jesus Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSacred Heart of Jesus (), was a Catholic parish church in Cleveland, Ohio and part of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland. It was located at the north-west corner of intersection of East 71st St. and Kazimier St., in a part of the South Broadway neighborhood previously known in Polish as \"\" and nicknamed \"Goosetown\". Both the church building and the school building are GNIS named features. The church, school, and rectory buildings are listed together as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. The church was closed", "id": "12287908" }, { "contents": "St. Mary Mother of the Redeemer Church (Norwalk, Ohio)\n\n\nSaint Mary Mother of the Redeemer Church is a parish in the Roman Catholic Diocese of Toledo. The current church is located at 38 W. League Street, Norwalk, Ohio. Construction on the building began on May 29, 1889, and was completed in 1894. The church was previously twinned with St. Alphonsus in Peru, Ohio, but was later twinned with St. Anthony in Milan, Ohio, after a mass restructuring of the diocese. The Century House was a name given to several buildings, now all demolished, within the", "id": "21671394" }, { "contents": "Pilgrim Congregational Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nPilgrim Congregational Church is a historic congregation of the United Church of Christ in Cleveland, Ohio, United States. Constructed in the 1890s for a congregation founded in the 1850s, it was named a historic site in the 1970s. Congregationalists began operating a Sunday school in Cleveland's Tremont neighborhood in 1854, and their efforts resulted in the creation of a church five years later. The members began construction of their first church building in 1865, although it was not completed until 1870. It was suitable for the congregation's needs for", "id": "19215838" }, { "contents": "Sidney Mason Stone\n\n\n; St. Patrick's Church, New Haven (1853) constructed of East Haven sandstone;First Congregational Church, Naugatuck, CT (1855) and Wooster Place Congregational Church, Wooster Square, New Haven (1855) (now the Church of St. Michael) the original design for which featured a Corinthian portico and tall steeple. In \"New Haven: A Guide to Architecture and Urban Design\", Brown remarks on St. Michael's, “The building has burned twice, the steeple blown down once...Only the side walls and tall", "id": "165241" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Dayton, Ohio)\n\n\ncentury, the parish had outgrown it, and construction began on a new building; Archbishop Moeller laid the cornerstone in July 1905 and consecrated it in November 1906. Growth continued, and St. Anthony's Church was established in 1913 by families coming out of St. Mary's. St. Mary's remains an active part of the Archdiocese of Cincinnati to the present day. Masses are celebrated both in English and in Spanish. The current St. Mary's Church is a Romanesque Revival structure built in a mix of brick and stone. Constructed", "id": "19205375" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Indianapolis, Indiana)\n\n\nuntil the Diocese of Indianapolis established Holy Rosary Catholic Church, an Italian national parish in Indianapolis in 1911. After the turn of the century, when the neighborhood become commercial, the parish purchased property at New Jersey and Vermont streets, where they built the present church, which was under construction from 1910 to 1912. St. Mary's adapted to its changing ethnic neighborhood over the years. In 1967, as the city's Spanish-speaking community began to grow, the parish began offering Sunday mass in Spanish. German-language", "id": "3660949" }, { "contents": "St. John's Catholic Church (Fryburg, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. John Catholic Church is a Roman Catholic church in the unincorporated community of Fryburg in Pusheta Township, Auglaize County, Ohio, United States. The parish was established in 1848, the same year in which the community was platted, and construction was completed in 1850. A Catholic school in connection with the church was established in 1877. Both buildings feature fine architecture: the church includes Gothic Revival elements such as ornate pilasters and lancet windows, while the former school is a good example of Federal architecture. St. John's is", "id": "11283325" }, { "contents": "St. Augustine Parish (Hartford, Connecticut)\n\n\nSt. Augustine Parish is a Roman Catholic parish located in Hartford, Connecticut. In addition to a church, the parish also administers a school, St. Augustine School. St. Augustine Parish was established in August 1902 with Fr. Michael Barry appointed as its first pastor. At that time, a church building had not yet been constructed so mass was offered at the Washington Street School until a basement chapel was completed in 1903. The current Romanesque-style church was completed in 1912 and dedicated by Bishop John J. Nilan of the then", "id": "21104070" }, { "contents": "Zion Lutheran Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nFirst Methodist, Trinity Cathedral, and St. Paul's Episcopal Church on Euclid Avenue. This condition persisted into the mid-1910s, at which point the neighborhood transitioned into a largely commercial area. Beginning after 1930, the neighborhood deteriorated as many buildings were demolished, often to create room for parking lots. In such an environment Zion Lutheran Church was constructed in 1902 and opened for public use in the following year. It is home to a congregation founded by German immigrants in 1843, the oldest extant Lutheran congregation in the city; many", "id": "19215936" }, { "contents": "Church of St Paul, Letchworth\n\n\nallow construction of the new church to begin, with the foundation stone being laid on 10 October 1923 by the Marchioness of Salisbury. Work on the first section of the building was completed including three and a half bays of the nave with arcades at the sides. This first section was consecrated by Michael Furse, the Bishop of St Albans on 3 May 1924. A tower was intended but was never built. By 1924 the church was becoming too small for its growing congregation and work on an extension began in early 1931,", "id": "1720772" }, { "contents": "Basilica of the Sacred Heart of Jesus, Syracuse\n\n\noriginal church was located across the street from the current structure. The first Mass in the new parish church was said on August 30, 1892, with the formal dedication taking place nearly a year later on June 11, 1893. The congregation outgrew the first church within a decade, and a decision was made to construct a new church. The foundations were built by parishioners in order to save money, and the cornerstone was laid in 1907. Work was completed in three years, and the church was completed and dedicated on", "id": "4119395" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n, side altars and pulpit are made entirely of oak wood and decorated with beautiful German woodcarvings. The church pews are also oak. A Mexican onyx and brass Communion rail was installed over the years and the floor of the sanctuary and aisles is made of black and white marble tiles. St. Stephen's is a fully active Roman Catholic Parish in the Diocese of Cleveland. This means that they have a full parish staff and church council. They have regular Sunday Masses as well as daily Masses. German Mass is offered every first", "id": "19215923" }, { "contents": "Roncesvalles, Toronto\n\n\nWomenpriests at the church. St. Casimir's Polish Roman Catholic Church at Garden Avenue, offers Polish masses on Sundays. Its origins begin in 1944 when the Oblate Mission decided to create the third Polish parish (and first in the west end) in Toronto. The lot on which the church stands today was purchased for $15,000 in 1948 and construction on the parish hall began the same year. The first mass was held in the church hall in 1949. The church was completed and officially began offering mass on May 23,", "id": "3040916" }, { "contents": "Rajavoor\n\n\nSt. Michael's Shrine which is located at the center part of Rajavoor. The annual feast starts on the first Friday of May with a flag hoisting followed by a ten-day Mass and adoration. The eighth, ninth and tenth days are marked with a car procession to St. Michael Archangel, carnival ended with High Mass in front of the Holy Cars. The Roman Catholics and parish are administered by the Kottar Diocese. Another notable church, Our Lady of Presentation (Kaanikkai Maathaa) Church is attached to the Rajavoor Parish as", "id": "4595849" }, { "contents": "Transfiguration Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nBaptist Church in the nearby suburb of Garfield Heights, Ohio, which had a large, new structure. In April 1943, Trinity Baptist Church sold its building to the Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland for $35,000 ($ in dollars). The Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland erected Transfiguration Parish on July 30, 1943. The parish was divided from nearby Immaculate Heart of Mary Church and Shrine Church of St. Stanislaus parishes. Reverend Joseph F. Zabawa was named the pastor of the new congregation, which took up residence in the Trinity", "id": "20542089" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Augustine (Larchmont, New York)\n\n\nThe Church of St. Augustine is a Roman Catholic church located in Larchmont, New York. The parish having been founded in 1892, the present Gothic Revival church building was constructed in 1928. With a growing number of Catholics living in Larchmont, New York—many of them domestic servants who attended Blessed Sacrament Church in New Rochelle or Most Holy Trinity Church in Mamaroneck—the Archbishop of New York, Michael Corrigan, created the parish of St. Augustine was created in 1892. The decision to establish a parish was motivated in part", "id": "19300736" }, { "contents": "St. Barbara Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Barbara Catholic Church () is a parish of the Roman Catholic Church in Cleveland, Ohio, within the Diocese of Cleveland. The parish church is located on Denison Ave. between West 16th St. and the southbound entrance to SR 176, in a part of the Brooklyn Centre neighborhood previously known in Polish as . The red brick parish church, designed by H.C. Gabele, is a local landmark. It is a GNIS named feature. The church, rectory and convent buildings are listed together as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. The", "id": "13695356" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\ntwo years the parishioners worshipped in a hotel before constructing a building at Fourth and Euclid downtown. A fire destroyed the structure before it was completed, but people throughout the city contributed funds to build a brick replacement in 1851. By the 1870s, the streets surrounding the church had become primarily commercial, so the vestry sold the building and rented halls while building the present church eastward on Euclid Avenue. Its placement amid the wealthy Millionaire's Row district soon caused it to become a symbol of the neighborhood. However, the membership", "id": "19215901" }, { "contents": "St Michael the Archangel Church, Chatham\n\n\nHeart Church in Luton. St Paulinus Church was built in 1788 as a Wesleyan Chapel. In 1892, it was bought by the local Catholic Church. Sacred Heart Church was built in 1949. On 26 June 1949, its foundation stone was laid by the parish priest of St Michael's Church. St Paulinus Church has one Sunday Mass at 9:00am. Sacred Heart Church also has one Sunday Mass, it is at 10:30am. St Michael's Church has four Sunday Masses: 6:30pm on Saturday and 9:30am, 11:00am and 6:00pm on", "id": "19228802" }, { "contents": "St Michael and All Angels Church, Kingaroy\n\n\n's construction. Architect Colin Deighton, who was assistant to John Hingeston Buckeridge, the Anglican Diocese of Brisbane Architect between 1887 and 1901, designed the church. Deighton designed a number of country churches and St Colomb's Anglican Church at Clayfield in Brisbane. The foundation stone of St Michael and All Angels Church was laid on 10 November 1910 by the Venerable Arthur Rivers, Archdeacon of Toowoomba. Construction of the building, which was to seat 250 worshippers, began in December 1910 and was completed in 1911. Its cost, including", "id": "3972006" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Catholic Church (Chicago)\n\n\nSt. Michael () is a church of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Chicago. The current church is located at E. 83rd Street and S. South Shore Drive in South Chicago, a neighborhood of Chicago, Illinois. It is a prime example of the so-called \"Polish Cathedral style\" of churches in both its opulence and grand scale. Along with Immaculate Conception, it is one of the two monumental Polish churches dominating over the South Chicago neighborhood. Founded in 1892 as a Polish parish in Chicago to relieve overcrowding at Immaculate", "id": "20616064" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nof St. Stephen's for 38 years. In 1873, Fr. Reichlin realized that a new church building was needed to accommodate the growing parish. The Cleveland-based architect firm called Cudell & Richardson was hired to build the structure that still stands today as St. Stephen's Roman Catholic Church. Due to economic depression in the mid-1870s, work on the new building was stopped. Parishioners mortgaged their own properties to raise funds for the new church. It was dedicated on November 20, 1881 by the second bishop of Cleveland,", "id": "19215919" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church, Madison\n\n\n1992, the parishes of St. Mary's and St. Michael's became one community of faith, with one priest, Father John Meyer, and two church buildings. Saturday night mass was held at St. Michael's for St. Michael's ‘parishioners,’ and on Sunday morning, mass was held at St. Mary's. In 1993, the area's two other Catholic Churches (St. Patrick's and St. Anthony's) were merged with St. Mary's-St. Michael's as well. St. Michael's had extensive roof damage", "id": "2385663" }, { "contents": "St. Michael's Church, Hildesheim\n\n\nin 1010 and dedicated the still unfinished building to Michael on the archangel's feast day, 29 September 1022, just a few weeks before his death. Construction, however, continued under his successor, Bishop Godehard (died 1038), who completed the work in 1031 and reconsecrated the church to Michael on September 29 of that year. The church has double choirs east and west, double tripartite transepts at either end of the nave, and six towers----two large ones over the crossings east and west, and four other tall and", "id": "721679" }, { "contents": "St. Augustine's Catholic Church (Napoleon, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Augustine's Catholic Church is a historic church in Napoleon, Ohio, United States. Located on the edge of the city's downtown, two blocks away from the Henry County Courthouse, the church is a prominent landmark in Napoleon. St. Augustine Parish was founded at some point between 1856 and 1858; its first priest was Michael Pietz. The parish was dedicated to St. Augustine in honor of Augustine Pilliod, who supervised the construction of its first building. This structure was replaced with the current church, which was built at", "id": "13450149" }, { "contents": "Saint Patrick's Church (Dubuque, Iowa)\n\n\nMcCabe was assigned as the first resident pastor. The cornerstone of the present brick church was laid in 1877, and the building dedicated on August 15, 1878. In 1928, the Rev. J.J. Hanley remodeled and enlarged the church. St. Patrick Church was originally built for service to the Irish settlers of Dubuque and while the parish has maintained a healthy respect for its Irish heritage over its many years of service, the parish now specializes in service to the Hispanic residents of Dubuque. The parish offers a Spanish Mass on Sundays,", "id": "20590874" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nsecond parish for German-speaking Catholics. In April 1869 the first bishop of Cleveland, Bishop Louis Amadeus Rappe, appointed Fr. Stephen Falk to have a two-story building built. The building would be used as a church on the upper level and a school on the lower level to accommodate the 200 families from St. Mary's that lived west of 44th Street. The newly ordained Fr. Casimir Reichlin became the first pastor and said the first Mass of the parish on May 1, 1870. He served as pastor", "id": "19215918" }, { "contents": "Immaculate Conception Catholic Church (Fulda, Ohio)\n\n\n. Construction began on a small church building under the ministry of the priest from Miltonsburg, and Archbishop Purcell of Cincinnati dedicated it in 1853. Ten years later, the parishioners constructed a parish school, and a rectory followed in 1866; its large size and pretentious architecture resulted in a high construction cost of $2,500. By this time, the original church building had become entirely inadequate for the needs of the congregation, and replacement plans were laid; the cornerstone was laid in May 1874, and Bishop Rosecrans of Columbus dedicated", "id": "19205436" }, { "contents": "St. Vitus's Church, Cleveland\n\n\nSt. Vitus is a parish of the Roman Catholic Church in Cleveland, Ohio, United States, in the Diocese of Cleveland. The parish church, located at 6019 Lausche Avenue in the St. Clair-Superior neighborhood, was completed in 1932. The first documented Slovenian to settle in the Cleveland area was Joseph Turk, who came about 1883, most likely from Carniola, and settled on Marble Avenue, near the steel mills. He helped organize the Catholic Slovenes in Cleveland, and requested that Bishop Richard Gilmour of Cleveland appoint a", "id": "916020" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Catholic Church (St. Patrick, Ohio)\n\n\nrectory in 1919 to house its pastor; before its construction, St. Patrick's was served by priests from St. Michael's Church in Fort Loramie to the southwest. In 1977, the church and rectory were recorded by the Ohio Historic Inventory for the purpose of historic preservation; both buildings were ranked in good condition without any significant risks. Two years later, they were listed together on the National Register of Historic Places, along with over thirty other buildings in the Land of the Cross-Tipped Churches. When these churches were", "id": "15760892" }, { "contents": "Cathedral of St Michael and St John\n\n\n. In that year work commenced on a permanent church building located on the corner of George and Keppel Streets. St Michael's Church was a Victorian Gothic style building constructed in brick. It was in use by 1841 but appears not to have been completed until 1846 when leadlight windows were installed. Bishop John Bede Polding (1794-1877), first Catholic Archbishop of Sydney, was interested in fostering the English Gothic style of architecture in his diocese. He arranged for plans for significant churches to be prepared by English architects including", "id": "17452035" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Cathedral, Thunder Bay\n\n\n. From there, St. Patrick's Church was one of many churches that was missioned to the First Nations in Northern Ontario, as well as St. Andrew's Church, which was handed over to the diocese in 1997. St. Patrick's was built in 1892, the same year as Thunder Bay was incorporated as a town. The foundation stone was laid on 10 October 1891, and the first Mass was celebrated on 21 August 1892. The Jesuit parish priests made plans for the construction of an elementary school later that decade.", "id": "14488629" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Catholic Church (Toledo, Ohio)\n\n\nfor use in a new building. Fr. Edward Hannin, pastor of St. Patrick's, set out to create \"the finest church in this part of the land,\" for his congregation and began to raise money for construction. When it was completed, St. Patrick's was considered one of the finest examples of Gothic Revival architecture in the United States. The exterior is constructed of Amherst blue sandstone and the interior contains ten red granite columns. The church was dedicated on April 13, 1901. The church underwent extensive", "id": "9145471" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Dayton, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Mary's Catholic Church is a historic Catholic church building in an eastern neighborhood of Dayton, Ohio, United States. Constructed at the beginning of the twentieth century, it remains home to an active parish. Its grand architecture has made it an aviator's landmark, and it has been named a historic site by the federal government. Emanuel Church, the first Catholic parish in Dayton, was formed in 1837. Many English-speaking families left to form a separate parish in 1846, but Emanuel continued growing to the point", "id": "19205373" }, { "contents": "Church of St. James the Less\n\n\nmission. Weekly celebration of Mass resumed on Sundays at 5:00 pm. The breakaway congregation now meets at the Holy Cross Catholic church and is known as the Church of Saint Michael the Archangel. During the controversy, the parish school closed circa 2006. As part of its mandate, Saint Mark's Church began a fundraising effort to open a new parish school to serve this local community. In 2009 and 2010, the St. Mark's congregation (together with St. Francis Episcopal Church in Potomac, Maryland) sponsored Vacation Bible School at", "id": "12322466" }, { "contents": "St. John's Evangelical Lutheran Church (Springfield, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. John's Evangelical Lutheran Church is a historic Lutheran church in downtown Springfield, Ohio, United States. Founded as a German-speaking parish in Springfield's early days, it grew rapidly during its first few decades, and its present large church building was constructed in the 1890s under the direction of one of Springfield's leading architects. The congregation remains in the landmark church building, which has been named a historic site. Springfield's first Lutheran congregation was organized in May 1841, and a separate group of German Lutherans began", "id": "18832000" }, { "contents": "St Michael and St John Church, Clitheroe\n\n\nGrade II listed building. In September 2008, the Jesuits handed the church over to the Diocese of Salford who continue to serve the parish. Two years later, the parish merged with St Mary Queen of Peace Church in Sabden to form the parish of Our Lady of the Valley. St Mary's was built in 1877 and it was made into a parish in 1909, so that the parishioners did not have to travel the sizeable distance to attend Mass in Clitheroe. The parish has two Sunday Masses at St Michael and St", "id": "5090732" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n. St. Paul's church building is one of just six Gothic Revival churches built in Cleveland during the 1870s that survived into the 1980s. At one time considered Cleveland's grandest and largest church, it is distinguished by the unusual architecture of the peak of the bell tower, and the open interior features extensive detailing, along with seating for one thousand worshippers. Covered with sandstone from Berea, the building was a work of Gordon W. Lloyd, a Detroit architect who also produced grand churches in Ohio cities of various sizes, ranging", "id": "19215903" }, { "contents": "St. Aloysius' Catholic Church (Carthagena, Ohio)\n\n\nerected in 1865. In their earliest years, the people worshipped in the chapel of the adjacent St. Charles Seminary. Throughout its history, the church has been significantly influenced by the seminary, which trained the priests of the Missionaries of the Precious Blood and provided pastors for the church. As its membership grew, the parish decided to construct a church building. Plans were laid and construction began in 1875; the cornerstone was laid in May 1877, and the church was consecrated on June 30, 1878; the parishioners had performed", "id": "20255448" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Church (Monroe, Michigan)\n\n\nto come. St. Michael Church is located along the River Raisin on West Front Street in the city of Monroe, MI. The 183 foot steeple isn't hard to miss. When you come into Monroe you can easily see St. Michael's A tradition at St. Michael Church is the parish prayer. It is said before the beginning of every mass. It reads: \"Lord, God, we glorify Your holy name and thank you for calling us, the people of Saint Michael the Archangel Parish, to be one in", "id": "12346363" }, { "contents": "St Michael and All Angels Church, Barton Turf\n\n\nSt Michael and All Angels is the Church of England parish church of Barton Turf in the county of Norfolk in England. See Inside here. It stands about a kilometre south-west of the village in the midst of a plantation of trees. Particularly notable for its surviving paintings, the church is listed with Grade I. The building was at first constructed in rather an undistinguished Perpendicular style, possessing a tower at the west end of the church. The church is best known for the twelve panels of its late-Gothic rood", "id": "15249529" }, { "contents": "St Michael and All Angels' Church, Haworth\n\n\nSt Michael and All Angels' Church is the Church of England parish church of Haworth, West Yorkshire. The current structure, the third church building on the site, was built between 1879 and 1881 although parts of the original medieval church building, notably the tower, survive from earlier periods. The church is best known for its historic association with the Brontë sisters whose father Revd. Patrick Brontë served as minister of the parish between 1820 and 1861. A chapel has existed on the site since 1488, though records held at", "id": "17201346" }, { "contents": "St. Peter Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Peter Church (), is a Catholic parish church in Cleveland, Ohio and part of the Diocese of Cleveland. Founded in , it is located at the intersection of Superior Ave. near East 17th St., in the Downtown neighborhood. The church is a longstanding city landmark; George Francis Houck, then the Chancellor, wrote in 1903 that, \"One of the landmarks of the city and Diocese of Cleveland is St. Peter's Church.\" It is listed as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. It is also a named", "id": "13925952" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Church (Monroe, Michigan)\n\n\n. It was used as a church on the first floor and on the second it was used for the school. Later it would only be used as St. Michael School. Then in 1866 the cornerstone for the present church was laid. The large 187 foot steeple wasn't added until 1883. In 1874 the 3-story rectory was built east of the church. In 1918 the parish built the present building of St. Michael School which is now a part of Monroe Catholic Elementary Schools. The movement to establish the parish started in 1845", "id": "12346356" }, { "contents": "St. Casimir Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nRichard Gilmour for permission to form a new parish and build a church for their own use. In December 1891, Monsignor Felix Boff, V.G., administrator of the diocese, granted the required permission. Those parishioners left to form St. Casimir Church in 1891. The parish was founded in 1891 — about 44 years after the Diocese of Cleveland was erected by Pope Pius IX. In December, 1891, Boff appointed Father Benedict Rosinski, pastor of St. Adalbert's, Berea, Ohio, to take charge of the mission. On", "id": "12488231" }, { "contents": "St James' Church, Forest Gate\n\n\nSt James' Church, Forest Gate was a church in Forest Gate, east London. Its origins lay in an iron building constructed around 1870 to serve a conventional district. A parish was formed for it in 1881 from those of Emmanuel Church, All Saints and St John's and its permanent church completed the following year, with an organ moved from St Matthew's Church, Friday Street. The church was demolished in 1964 and for two years its congregation worshiped in the Durning Hall Community Centre's chapel until the parish was", "id": "17208906" }, { "contents": "North Presbyterian Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nNorth Presbyterian Church is a historic Presbyterian church on the east side of Cleveland, Ohio, United States. Constructed in the 1880s, the church building has been named a historic site. Throughout its history, the congregation has been focused on Sunday school work. North Presbyterian Church developed out of a mission Sunday school established in east-side Cleveland in 1859. The local presbytery organized a congregation out of the Sunday school in 1867, and within a short while, the new congregation formed the first of two mission Sunday schools in", "id": "19215693" }, { "contents": "St. Vitus's Church, Cleveland\n\n\nVitus to work on the interior. It was finished for the centennial celebration of the parish later that year. St. Vitus remains a strong parish, but Fr. Božnar works with Bishop Lennon's programs to cluster parishes in order to increase strength for inner-city parishes. The church building of St. Vitus itself is constructed in the Lombard-Roman style with pale yellow Falston brick. It is 141 feet long and 100 feet wide with an attached parish house on its west side. Its two Romanesque bell towers reach 110 feet", "id": "916027" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Michael (St. Michael, Minnesota)\n\n\nof the church came from Saint John's Abbey in Collegeville. In 1866 a new church was built in the center of the town and served for about 25 years. In 1890 the parish built a Gothic Revival building, which was the largest church in Wright County at the time. The building features ornate statues and German woodcarvings. Although the parish had a mostly German ethnicity for many years, since 1985 the number of families in the parish doubled, and it no longer appears to be an ethnic parish. In 2004 the", "id": "1327870" }, { "contents": "St. Thomas Church (Underhill, Vermont)\n\n\nSt. Thomas Church is a Roman Catholic church in the Town of Underhill, Vermont in the United States, located in the unincorporated village of \"Underhill Center\". The church was built from 1891-92 after its predecessor had burned down on 19 December 1890. The cornerstone for the current St. Thomas Church building was laid on 12 August 1891 at an event that had an estimated 1,000 attendees. Although the construction period spanned from 1 May 1891 until December 1892, the first Mass was nevertheless held in the basement of the church", "id": "6739395" }, { "contents": "St. William Parish (Lawncrest)\n\n\n1950s and 60's, saw many changes come to the physical plant of the Parish that reflected the housing boom of the area, the economic upswing of the times and the growing parish population. Many of the original \"Motley Buildings\" were completely replaced. The Middle School (Junior High/Upper School) building was built and later an additional floor was added. When consideration was had for the completion of the Upper Church, it was found that the basement church was not structurally sufficient to support additional construction. In 1955", "id": "10364503" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Michael the Archangel, Katowice\n\n\nChurch of St. Michael Archangel () is one of the oldest buildings in Katowice. It's located in Kościuszko Park, where it was moved in 1938 from the village Syrynia, where it was originally constructed in 1510. It is under the invocation of St. Michael. It has end-fitted log framework construction and shingled roof. Free-standing belltower was completed before 1679; it has historic lych-gate and wooden fence around the churchyard. The church of St. Michael Archangel was first built in 1305 in Syrynia, near", "id": "21359049" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Catholic Church (St. Patrick, Ohio)\n\n\n's was closely connected to many other churches in western Ohio: wide areas of western Ohio that were primarily settled by Catholics feature large churches at sparsely-populated crossroads. While most of these churches are constructed in the Gothic Revival style of architecture, some of the newer churches of the region — including St. Patrick's — appear in a variety of styles; St. Patrick's was one of the few that lacked the high steeples of the Gothic Revival structures. The leading role of these churches in western Shelby County and the lands", "id": "15760890" }, { "contents": "St Michael's Roman Catholic Church, Linlithgow\n\n\nchildren the congregation capitalised on the spirit of cooperation and community and set out to build a school. Located on a site next to the church St. Joseph's school was opened on 1 July 1889 and served the children of the parish until 1964 when new premises were occupied at Preston Road. Although during this time Fr Easson had replaced Fr Murphy as parish priest there was no change of emphasis and all the parish energies were engaged in the effort to complete the church building programme. Plans to double the size of the church were", "id": "17679127" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Delaware, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Mary's Catholic Church is a historic Catholic parish church in the city of Delaware, Ohio, United States. Constructed in the 1880s, this grand building is home to a congregation established in the middle of the nineteenth century. Its grand style has long made it a community landmark, and it was named a historic landmark in 1980. Delaware's first Masses were celebrated by travelling priests in the homes of the city's few Catholics, most of whom were Irish or German immigrants. The members built the first St. Mary", "id": "2642749" }, { "contents": "Church of the Resurrection (Rye, New York)\n\n\nin 1881 at the intersection of Purchase Street and the Boston Post Road, where services were then offered. The parish was incorporated on January 29, 1886, and title to the property was transferred from the archdiocese to the parish itself. A new church building was completed in 1889 on Purchase Street, while the former building was used as the rectory. Thereafter, construction of a parochial school on the Boston Post Road began in 1906 and was completed two years later. With the number of parishioners growing, the church purchased land", "id": "19300829" }, { "contents": "Near North Side, Chicago\n\n\n, most of this area was an enclave to the first emigrants from Puerto Rico to Chicago, who referred to it as part of \"La Clark\" until commercialization decorated late 1960s shop signs with the name of Old Town. The neighborhood is home to St. Michael's Church, originally built to serve German immigrants, and one of only 7 to survive the great Chicago fire. St. Michael's, Holy Name Cathedral, Immaculate Conception, and St. Joseph's Catholic churches all catered to Latinos with a Mass in Spanish. Many", "id": "1540930" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Massillon, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Mary's Catholic Church is a historic Catholic church building in the city of Massillon, Ohio, United States. Constructed in 1876 for a congregation composed largely of European immigrants, it has been named a historic site. The origins of St. Mary parish lie among numerous Germans and Irish who settled in Massillon in its early years and built a small house of worship on Cherry Road in the 1840s. This building stood until 1875, when it was destroyed so that the present church might occupy its location; it was built in", "id": "19205828" }, { "contents": "St. Anne Church (Berlin, New Hampshire)\n\n\nSt. Anne Church is a historic church at 58 Church Street in Berlin, New Hampshire, United States. It is the church for Good Shepherd Parish within the Roman Catholic Diocese of Manchester. St. Anne Parish was founded in 1867, and was Berlin's first Roman Catholic congregation. It was merged with Guardian Angel Parish, St. Joseph Parish, and St. Kieran Parish in 2000 to form Good Shepherd Parish. Its building, constructed in 1900, is an important local example of Romanesque architecture, and was listed on the National Register", "id": "2452362" }, { "contents": "St. Peter Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n, put up by Luhr, was torn down and replaced by a large pastoral residence adjoining the rear of the church, at a cost of $12,000. In the same year a third story was added to St. Peter's school building, and arranged for a parish hall, containing a stage and other conveniences, at a cost of $10,000. In the synod of January 3, 1889, St. Peter's congregation was the first mentioned among the nine principal churches of the diocese which Gilmour named as rectorates, with an", "id": "13925965" }, { "contents": "Trinity Cathedral (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nfirst church building built within the village limits of Cleveland. In 1846, to meet the needs of a growing parish, plans for a larger, centralized building just east of Public Square commenced. The congregation moved into the larger stone structure in the Gothic style on Superior Avenue in 1855. In 1890, Trinity Church was offered to Bishop William A. Leonard for use as a cathedral for the Diocese of Ohio. The congregation would maintain the building and it would serve dual roles as the parish church and cathedral for the diocese.", "id": "19215933" }, { "contents": "St. Andrew's Cathedral (Jackson, Mississippi)\n\n\nat the time that was not located along the Mississippi River. Its church was burned by the Union Army during the American Civil War in 1863. The cornerstone for the second church was laid by the Rt. Rev. William Mercer Green in 1869. By the turn of the Twentieth Century the congregation had outgrown its church building and the present structure was completed in 1903. The Parish House was constructed between 1923 and 1924. The congregation continued to grow and the building along West Street was built in 1955. The bishop moved his", "id": "20556538" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Evansville, Indiana)\n\n\nservice in the first church building was held on April 15, 1883. While construction ensued, a congregant and frequent benefactor, Charles Viele, offered the use of Viele Hall (located on 2nd street between Main and Sycamore streets) to St. Paul's parish. The cornerstone for new St. Paul's was laid on September 3, 1883, and construction completed on March 2, 1886 with Bishop D.B. Knickerbacker consecrating the new building. Charles and Mary Viele continued to sponsor further construction on the church grounds - first with a rectory", "id": "20407572" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Church (Monroe, Michigan)\n\n\nSaint Michael the Archangel Church (St. Michael Church) is located on the west side of the city of Monroe, Michigan along the River Raisin. It is home to 1,200 families and it is one of most important religious institutes in Monroe County. It was founded in the year 1852. The present building was built from 1866-1867. It is in the Archdiocese of Detroit. Its current priest is Rev. Phillip Ching. When the parish was first established, the mayor of Monroe palatial residence was remodeled as a temporary church", "id": "12346355" }, { "contents": "St. Mary Congregational Church\n\n\nSt. Mary Congregational Church in Abbeville, Louisiana is the oldest incorporated, predominantly African-American church in Vermilion Parish. Its historic Gothic Revival style church at 213 S. Louisiana Avenue, constructed in 1905 to replace a previous building, was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1999. American Missionary Association records show the congregation dates to at least 1877. The structure is a three-bay, gable-fronted church with a prominent corner tower. The tower is three-stage and square. The church is currently non", "id": "17676536" }, { "contents": "St. Charles of the Valley Catholic Church and Rectory\n\n\nSt. Charles Borromeo Church is a Catholic parish in Hailey, Idaho, in the Diocese of Boise. Its historic parish church and rectory complex, located at Pine and S. 1st Streets, is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Fr. E.M. Nattini began ministering in the Wood River Valley in the 1880s. The population was growing rapidly, and he was soon able to raise funds for the construction of the first church of St. Charles, which began June 17, 1883. It was the first Catholic church ineast of", "id": "20581174" }, { "contents": "Sacred Heart Catholic Church (Dayton, Ohio)\n\n\nprompted some of the members to leave in July 1883 and establish Sacred Heart Church; under the leadership of St. Joseph's associate pastor Hugh McDevitt, the congregation rented a meeting hall while waiting for the construction of their building. Land for the present church was purchased for $19,000, and William Henry Elder laid the cornerstone in June 1888. Exterior work was completed in the following year, and by 1893 construction was close enough to completion that the congregation could begin worshipping in their building. The building was consecrated by Bishop Maes", "id": "22206155" }, { "contents": "St. Vincent de Paul Church (Pontiac, Michigan)\n\n\n. The church continued to grow, and in the 1880s, the Reverend Fridolin Baumgartner began raising funds for the construction of the present church. The congregation hired the Detroit architecture firm of Donaldson & Meier to design the church, and the cornerstone was laid on September 6, 1885. The church was dedicated two years later, on September 18, 1887. A 6600-pound bell was installed in the church in 1890. A rectory was constructed in 1895, a school building was added in 1897, and a parish hall in 1911", "id": "19268922" }, { "contents": "St. Boniface Roman Catholic Church\n\n\npopulation on the west side. In 1873, a two-story, red brick Italianate rectory building was built for the parish at a cost of $6,000. A stone church building was planned by the prominent local architect William M. Scott, and construction was completed in 1883 at a cost of $30,000. The parish was closed in 1989, and the building was demolished a few years later. St. Boniface Church was an eclectic example of Romanesque Revival and Ruskinian Gothic architecture. It was built in a cruciform shape from red", "id": "9736494" } ]

[ { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nchurch congregation reached its peak size in the 1950, when only 25% of the parishioners were of German descent. The first Spanish Mass was said in 1971 for the growing number of Hispanic parishioners. The congregation now is mostly Latin American. The church now offers Masses in both English and Spanish. An annual Good Friday Procession begins or ends at St. Michael's. St Michael's and La Sagrada Familia church alternate every year to begin or end at one of the two churches. There is a stop at St Patrick's", "id": "19125747" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nwhile the new building was under construction. The current church, which had its cornerstone laid in 1889, was completed five years ahead of schedule in 1892. The church building is considered a good example of High Victorian Gothic architecture with its two towers of unequal height, the taller of which rises , and three archways. An architecturally notable school adjacent to the church began construction in 1906 and was completed in 1907. For many years the church was one of the most costly and artistically notable churches in the Cleveland Diocese. The", "id": "19125746" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Michael the Archangel is a Roman Catholic church located at 3114 Scranton Road in the Clark-Fulton neighborhood on the west side of Cleveland, Ohio. The church is named in honor of St. Michael the Archangel and was completed in 1892. The congregation was founded in 1881 as a mission of Ohio City, Cleveland's St. Mary's on-the-Flats to serve a growing German immigrant population on Cleveland's west side. The original church and school building were constructed in 1883 but burned on June 29, 1891,", "id": "19125745" }, { "contents": "St. John's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n's. Trinity Cathedral is now the seat of the Episcopal Diocese of Ohio. St. John's was also the mother church to several of the west side parishes. In 1837, the Ohio City Directory described the church as follows, \"The Episcopal Church, which is not yet finished, is built of hammered stone, and has a lofty steeple. Its style of architecture is Gothic, resembling that of the ancient and venerable Cathedral. This building, when finished, will be one of the best of the kind in the", "id": "18742416" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cincinnati, Ohio)\n\n\n1847. The cornerstone was laid August 1, 1847 and the church dedicated June 4, 1848. Rev. Fr. Zoppoth was selected as the first pastor for the congregation. In 1868 St. Michael Church became the mother parish to St. Lawrence Church which was organized that same year. The Comboni Missionaries took charge of the parish in 1964. By this time many of the German-speaking families in the parish had begun to move to other parts of the city. In a mass celebrated by Daniel Edward Pilarczyk the church building was", "id": "11338583" }, { "contents": "St. Columba Cathedral (Youngstown, Ohio)\n\n\nThe first Mass celebrated in Youngstown occurred in 1826. St. Columba Parish was founded in 1847, the year that Pope Pius IX established the Diocese of Cleveland, of which Youngstown was a part. The first church was completed in 1850. As the parish grew, it required a larger church, which it completed in 1868. The first parish school building was opened three years later. The parish continued to grow and constructed yet another church which opened in 1897. Bishop Ignatius Horstmann consecrated the sanctuary in 1903. The parish added", "id": "13619245" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Stephen Church is a Roman Catholic church located in the Detroit-Shoreway neighborhood on the west side of Cleveland, Ohio. The gothic style building was designed by architects Cudell & Richardson. The current church was built in 1875 and was added into the National Register of Historic Places in 1977. St. Stephen Roman Catholic Church was founded in 1869 due to a need for a second German parish on the west side of Cleveland. The first German parish, St. Mary's, increased so much that Cleveland was in need of a", "id": "19215917" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cincinnati, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Michael the Archangel Church is a Roman Catholic church located at 2110 St. Michael Street, in Cincinnati, Ohio. The cornerstone of this church was laid in 1847 and the church dedicated a year later. The church closed April 5, 1998. As the tide of German immigrants continued to rise in Cincinnati, more churches were needed. Holy Trinity Church was the first German speaking parish. As the city grew in three directions; north, east and west; there were three parishes which descended from that parish Old St. Mary", "id": "11338581" }, { "contents": "St. John's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. John's Episcopal Church is located at 2600 Church Avenue in the Ohio City neighborhood of Cleveland, Ohio. St. John's is the oldest consecrated building in Cuyahoga county. This stone gothic revival church building was designed by Hezekiah Eldredge and built beginning in 1836 and was completed 1838. Eldridge was probably familiar with John Henry Hopkins' \"An Essay on Gothic Architecture\", the first book on Gothic ecclesiastical architecture to be published in the United States. St. John's is a good representative of a small group of American churches", "id": "18742414" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland Heights, Ohio)\n\n\nFairmount Blvd, it is a contributing property in the Fairmount Boulevard District, which is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. St. Paul's was first established in the city of Cleveland, Ohio on October 26, 1846. The congregation did not have its own building until 1851, as a frame building completed in 1849 burned completely. A small brick church in the Gothic Revival style was completed for the parish at Euclid and Sheriff (East 4th) Streets by 1858. St. Paul's congregation outgrew the church, however", "id": "18644038" }, { "contents": "Irvington, Baltimore\n\n\nPassion\", marking the beginning of St. Joseph's Monastery Parish. Construction of a new, larger church began in 1881 and was completed in 1883. Its cornerstone was placed by Cardinal James Gibbons. The original monastery, beside the church, burned down in 1883. A new monastery was completed in 1886. The monastery chapel is extant and contains an 1887 Niemann pipe organ. The congregation of St. Joseph's Monastery Parish outgrew their church building in the following century. In 1931, Archbishop Michael Joseph Curley placed the cornerstone for", "id": "5906170" }, { "contents": "St. Theodosius Russian Orthodox Cathedral\n\n\nSt. Theodosius Cathedral is an Orthodox church located on Starkweather Avenue in the Tremont neighborhood, on the near west side of Cleveland, Ohio. It is considered one of the best examples of Russian church architecture in the U.S. and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The parish is the first Orthodox parish in Cleveland and is currently under the jurisdiction of the Diocese of the Midwest of the Orthodox Church in America. St. Theodosius is perhaps best known for its appearance in the 1978 film, \"The Deer Hunter\" with", "id": "13141384" }, { "contents": "St. Casimir Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nBoth the church building and the school building are GNIS named features. The church building is listed as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. To provide properly for the large and steadily increasing number of Poles in the north-eastern part of Cleveland it was necessary to organize them into the third Polish congregation within the limits of the city. They lived too far away from St. Stanislaus Church, with which they had been affiliated, for them to conveniently either attend Mass or for their children to attend the parish school. They therefore petitioned Bishop", "id": "12488230" }, { "contents": "St. Henry's Catholic Church (Harriettsville, Ohio)\n\n\nChurch in Fulda in order to hear Mass. Virtually all of the members in the early decades were Germans or of German descent. A parish school was formed in the late 1870s, and in its first twenty years, the parish grew fourfold in membership. This growth caused the original church building to be too small: land for a new building was purchased in 1879, and construction finished in 1894. St. Henry's Church is a stone building in the Gothic Revival style; the most prominent component is a multi-story tower", "id": "19205430" }, { "contents": "St. Michael's Church, Old Town, Chicago\n\n\nSt. Michael's Church in the Old Town neighborhood of Chicago is a Roman Catholic church staffed by the Redemptorist order of priests. The parish was founded to minister to German Catholic immigrants in 1852 with its first wooden church completed that year at a cost of $750 (including the bell). The building stands at the intersection of Eugenie Street and Cleveland Avenue. The church was built as a haven for German immigrants who were outcasts in Old Chicago. In addition, the town's main church, St. Joseph's Church,", "id": "10838314" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cincinnati, Ohio)\n\n\n's Church, St. Philomena's Church and St. Joseph's Church. The three parishes were founded in 1840, 1846 and 1846 respectively. As more immigration followed, St. Michael's was founded, the first filial parish of St. Joseph. The parish was located to what was then called Storrs Township. Forty-five persons organized themselves into a congregation in the early part of 1847 and drew up a constitution for the church A lot was donated by Innocent Troenle and two additional adjacent pieces of property were bought in April and May", "id": "11338582" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Michael and St. Anthony\n\n\ntoday to mostly Poles and Italians. The church has also been noted for its Byzantine Revival architecture, complete with a dome and minaret-styled tower, making it \"one of the more unique examples of church architecture in Montréal.\" Construction on the Church of St. Michael the Archangel began in 1914, for what would grow to become the largest anglophone parish in Montreal. After a brief delay following the commencement of World War I, the church was completed in 1915 at a cost of $232,000, with a capacity of", "id": "10850773" }, { "contents": "Zion Lutheran Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nother Cleveland-area Lutheran congregations, including Trinity Lutheran Church, are Zion's daughters. The original church building was located downtown, but the east-side German community was strong enough by 1902 that the congregation deemed Prospect Avenue a better location for serving the community. From its earliest years, the congregation had sponsored a school; Zion Lutheran School was founded in 1848, at which time all scholars were instructed in German. The school moved to Prospect Avenue ahead of the church; the present building was completed in 1903,", "id": "19215937" }, { "contents": "St. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\non their behalf with papal authorities, and Charles Boehm of Hungary settled in Cleveland in late 1892 to serve the new St. Elizabeth parish, the first Hungarian nationality parish in America. Boehm immediately began registering members and advocating for the construction of a church complex; the first church building, a brick structure, was erected by the end of 1893, a school soon followed, and a larger school was completed in 1900 because of expanded enrollment. He also began a Hungarian-language parish newspaper that soon gained subscribers in other parts", "id": "19215854" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church, Madison\n\n\ndying Catholics (he was a doctor as well). Costigan is believed to have been the Catholic architect of the church. Costigan was only recorded as being a member of the parish during the construction, but details of the church building mirror his other buildings in Madison. In December 1839 St. Michael the Archangel Catholic Church was completed. As the City of Madison grew, so did its Catholic population. German–Catholics had increased highly in numbers and had formed a separate congregation within St. Michael's. In 1850, the", "id": "2385658" }, { "contents": "Pilgrim Congregational Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nonly a short time, as construction on the present building was started just 23 years after the first building was finished. The name \"Pilgrim Congregational Church\" was adopted in 1894 upon the completion of the present building; they had been styled \"Heights Congregational Church\" into the 1870s and used the name \"Jennings Avenue Congregational Church\" in the 1880s. The building was a community landmark from its earliest years — electric wiring was included in the original construction at a time when no other Cleveland buildings west of the Cuyahoga River", "id": "19215839" }, { "contents": "St. Monica Church (Manhattan)\n\n\nin 1880 he began conducting Mass over a feed store at 404 East 78th Street. The following year, he purchased land for the construction of the church and school. Construction of the first church building was completed in 1883. In 1892, the address was listed as 409 E 79th Street. The Rev. John J. Boyle served as acting rector at St. Monica's before becoming the founding pastor of St. Luke's Church (Bronx, New York). The current Gothic Revival church building was erected in 1906 to the designs of", "id": "18565781" }, { "contents": "Annunciation Church (historic) (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nAnnunciation Church (historic) (), was a Catholic parish church in Cleveland, Ohio and part of the Diocese of Cleveland. It was located at the intersection of Hurd St. and Moore St., now part of the West Side Market parking lot, in the Ohio City neighborhood. The location where the church once stood can be found, in an 1881 atlas, at the south-west corner of Hurd St. and Moore St., on the west bank of the Cuyahoga river above part of the Flats historically known as Ox", "id": "14549709" }, { "contents": "Sacred Heart of Jesus Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n. Between 1885 and 1889 a large number of Poles settled in South Cleveland, in the area of East 71st St. and Harvard Ave. They lived too far away from St. Stanislaus church for them to conveniently either attend Mass or for their children to attend the parish school. They petitioned Bishop Richard Gilmour for permission to form a new parish and build a church for their own use. The petition to form a new parish and build a church was granted, and the parish was founded in  — about 42 years after the Diocese", "id": "12287909" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland Heights, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Paul's Episcopal Church is a parish of the Episcopal Church in Cleveland Heights, Ohio. The current rector is the Rev. Jeanne Leinbach, installed on October 23, 2015. She is the first female rector of St. Paul's. Her predecessor was the Rev. Alan M. Gates, who served from 2004-2014, before his election as Bishop of Massachusetts. St. Paul's is a leading church and has the largest congregation in the Episcopal Diocese of Ohio. The church building is a Cleveland Heights landmark. Located at 2747", "id": "18644037" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nRev. Richard Gilmour. Volunteer German and Hungarian woodworkers completed the interior of the church. Over the next 40 years, the parish added a rectory, convent for the Sisters of Notre Dame and two school buildings including one for and an all girls two-year high school which opened in 1905. After World War II, St. Stephen's parish experienced unprecedented growth due to the population growth in Cleveland and throughout the country. On June 8, 1953 a tornado severely damaged the church structure. Work to restore the building began immediately", "id": "19215920" }, { "contents": "Cathedral of St. John the Evangelist (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nstyle and the Bishop laid the cornerstone October 22, 1848. Until the new building was completed in 1852, St. Mary's served as cathedral for the diocese. At the time of its completion, the new cathedral was the well beyond Cleveland's Public Square. Alterations and additions began on the church almost as soon as the initial construction was complete. In 1857, a boys' school was added and within ten years, it was joined by a parish hall and girls' school. In 1879, the parish raised sufficient", "id": "10656550" }, { "contents": "St. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nthe present building. Although the cornerstone was laid in 1918, the construction process was lengthy, and it was finally completed only in 1922. Built primarily of limestone, according to a design of Cleveland architect Emile Uhlrich, the church is an example of Italian-influenced Baroque Revival architecture, partly modelled after the church of Sant'Agnese in Agone in Rome. Two great towers, topped with cupolas, form the ends of the facade, while a great rose window sits in the middle section of the facade high above the main entrance", "id": "19215857" }, { "contents": "St. Nicholas' Catholic Church (Osgood, Ohio)\n\n\nnearby villages; St. Augustine's Church in Minster and St. Michael's Church in Fort Loramie were established by 1850, but the foundations of a parish in Osgood were not laid until 1904, and formal establishment of the parish came in 1906. In its earliest years, the Mass was celebrated in common buildings; after worshipping for a time in a school, the parishioners purchased a barn for ecclesiastical purposes. For many years, the improvement of the parish's facilities was hindered by its size; the fewness of its members meant", "id": "421917" }, { "contents": "Union–Miles Park\n\n\na congregation for African Americans, was founded 1914, and erected its first church building and school in 1916 at what is now Union Avenue and Martin Luther King Drive. The congregation that formed Archangel Michael Orthodox Church ( St. Michael's Orthodox Church) split from St. John the Baptist Orthodox Church in 1921. It began construction of its new church home at 10000 Union Avenue in April 1924, completing the structure in 1926. Although the long-standing Cataract House closed in 1917, the first Union–Miles Park movie theater,", "id": "20793486" }, { "contents": "St. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church is a historic Roman Catholic church in the Buckeye Road neighborhood on the east side of Cleveland, Ohio, United States. The earliest ethnic parish established for Hungarians in the United States, its present building was constructed in the early twentieth century, and it has been named a historic site. Cleveland's first Hungarian Catholics initially worshipped at St. Ladislaus' Church, an east-side Slovakian parish, but ethnic strife and increasing immigration prompted the Hungarian community to seek their own parish. Bishop Horstmann interceded", "id": "19215853" }, { "contents": "Sacred Heart of Jesus Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSacred Heart of Jesus (), was a Catholic parish church in Cleveland, Ohio and part of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland. It was located at the north-west corner of intersection of East 71st St. and Kazimier St., in a part of the South Broadway neighborhood previously known in Polish as \"\" and nicknamed \"Goosetown\". Both the church building and the school building are GNIS named features. The church, school, and rectory buildings are listed together as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. The church was closed", "id": "12287908" }, { "contents": "St. Mary Mother of the Redeemer Church (Norwalk, Ohio)\n\n\nSaint Mary Mother of the Redeemer Church is a parish in the Roman Catholic Diocese of Toledo. The current church is located at 38 W. League Street, Norwalk, Ohio. Construction on the building began on May 29, 1889, and was completed in 1894. The church was previously twinned with St. Alphonsus in Peru, Ohio, but was later twinned with St. Anthony in Milan, Ohio, after a mass restructuring of the diocese. The Century House was a name given to several buildings, now all demolished, within the", "id": "21671394" }, { "contents": "Pilgrim Congregational Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nPilgrim Congregational Church is a historic congregation of the United Church of Christ in Cleveland, Ohio, United States. Constructed in the 1890s for a congregation founded in the 1850s, it was named a historic site in the 1970s. Congregationalists began operating a Sunday school in Cleveland's Tremont neighborhood in 1854, and their efforts resulted in the creation of a church five years later. The members began construction of their first church building in 1865, although it was not completed until 1870. It was suitable for the congregation's needs for", "id": "19215838" }, { "contents": "Sidney Mason Stone\n\n\n; St. Patrick's Church, New Haven (1853) constructed of East Haven sandstone;First Congregational Church, Naugatuck, CT (1855) and Wooster Place Congregational Church, Wooster Square, New Haven (1855) (now the Church of St. Michael) the original design for which featured a Corinthian portico and tall steeple. In \"New Haven: A Guide to Architecture and Urban Design\", Brown remarks on St. Michael's, “The building has burned twice, the steeple blown down once...Only the side walls and tall", "id": "165241" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Dayton, Ohio)\n\n\ncentury, the parish had outgrown it, and construction began on a new building; Archbishop Moeller laid the cornerstone in July 1905 and consecrated it in November 1906. Growth continued, and St. Anthony's Church was established in 1913 by families coming out of St. Mary's. St. Mary's remains an active part of the Archdiocese of Cincinnati to the present day. Masses are celebrated both in English and in Spanish. The current St. Mary's Church is a Romanesque Revival structure built in a mix of brick and stone. Constructed", "id": "19205375" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Indianapolis, Indiana)\n\n\nuntil the Diocese of Indianapolis established Holy Rosary Catholic Church, an Italian national parish in Indianapolis in 1911. After the turn of the century, when the neighborhood become commercial, the parish purchased property at New Jersey and Vermont streets, where they built the present church, which was under construction from 1910 to 1912. St. Mary's adapted to its changing ethnic neighborhood over the years. In 1967, as the city's Spanish-speaking community began to grow, the parish began offering Sunday mass in Spanish. German-language", "id": "3660949" }, { "contents": "St. John's Catholic Church (Fryburg, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. John Catholic Church is a Roman Catholic church in the unincorporated community of Fryburg in Pusheta Township, Auglaize County, Ohio, United States. The parish was established in 1848, the same year in which the community was platted, and construction was completed in 1850. A Catholic school in connection with the church was established in 1877. Both buildings feature fine architecture: the church includes Gothic Revival elements such as ornate pilasters and lancet windows, while the former school is a good example of Federal architecture. St. John's is", "id": "11283325" }, { "contents": "St. Augustine Parish (Hartford, Connecticut)\n\n\nSt. Augustine Parish is a Roman Catholic parish located in Hartford, Connecticut. In addition to a church, the parish also administers a school, St. Augustine School. St. Augustine Parish was established in August 1902 with Fr. Michael Barry appointed as its first pastor. At that time, a church building had not yet been constructed so mass was offered at the Washington Street School until a basement chapel was completed in 1903. The current Romanesque-style church was completed in 1912 and dedicated by Bishop John J. Nilan of the then", "id": "21104070" }, { "contents": "Zion Lutheran Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nFirst Methodist, Trinity Cathedral, and St. Paul's Episcopal Church on Euclid Avenue. This condition persisted into the mid-1910s, at which point the neighborhood transitioned into a largely commercial area. Beginning after 1930, the neighborhood deteriorated as many buildings were demolished, often to create room for parking lots. In such an environment Zion Lutheran Church was constructed in 1902 and opened for public use in the following year. It is home to a congregation founded by German immigrants in 1843, the oldest extant Lutheran congregation in the city; many", "id": "19215936" }, { "contents": "Church of St Paul, Letchworth\n\n\nallow construction of the new church to begin, with the foundation stone being laid on 10 October 1923 by the Marchioness of Salisbury. Work on the first section of the building was completed including three and a half bays of the nave with arcades at the sides. This first section was consecrated by Michael Furse, the Bishop of St Albans on 3 May 1924. A tower was intended but was never built. By 1924 the church was becoming too small for its growing congregation and work on an extension began in early 1931,", "id": "1720772" }, { "contents": "Basilica of the Sacred Heart of Jesus, Syracuse\n\n\noriginal church was located across the street from the current structure. The first Mass in the new parish church was said on August 30, 1892, with the formal dedication taking place nearly a year later on June 11, 1893. The congregation outgrew the first church within a decade, and a decision was made to construct a new church. The foundations were built by parishioners in order to save money, and the cornerstone was laid in 1907. Work was completed in three years, and the church was completed and dedicated on", "id": "4119395" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n, side altars and pulpit are made entirely of oak wood and decorated with beautiful German woodcarvings. The church pews are also oak. A Mexican onyx and brass Communion rail was installed over the years and the floor of the sanctuary and aisles is made of black and white marble tiles. St. Stephen's is a fully active Roman Catholic Parish in the Diocese of Cleveland. This means that they have a full parish staff and church council. They have regular Sunday Masses as well as daily Masses. German Mass is offered every first", "id": "19215923" }, { "contents": "Roncesvalles, Toronto\n\n\nWomenpriests at the church. St. Casimir's Polish Roman Catholic Church at Garden Avenue, offers Polish masses on Sundays. Its origins begin in 1944 when the Oblate Mission decided to create the third Polish parish (and first in the west end) in Toronto. The lot on which the church stands today was purchased for $15,000 in 1948 and construction on the parish hall began the same year. The first mass was held in the church hall in 1949. The church was completed and officially began offering mass on May 23,", "id": "3040916" }, { "contents": "Rajavoor\n\n\nSt. Michael's Shrine which is located at the center part of Rajavoor. The annual feast starts on the first Friday of May with a flag hoisting followed by a ten-day Mass and adoration. The eighth, ninth and tenth days are marked with a car procession to St. Michael Archangel, carnival ended with High Mass in front of the Holy Cars. The Roman Catholics and parish are administered by the Kottar Diocese. Another notable church, Our Lady of Presentation (Kaanikkai Maathaa) Church is attached to the Rajavoor Parish as", "id": "4595849" }, { "contents": "Transfiguration Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nBaptist Church in the nearby suburb of Garfield Heights, Ohio, which had a large, new structure. In April 1943, Trinity Baptist Church sold its building to the Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland for $35,000 ($ in dollars). The Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland erected Transfiguration Parish on July 30, 1943. The parish was divided from nearby Immaculate Heart of Mary Church and Shrine Church of St. Stanislaus parishes. Reverend Joseph F. Zabawa was named the pastor of the new congregation, which took up residence in the Trinity", "id": "20542089" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Augustine (Larchmont, New York)\n\n\nThe Church of St. Augustine is a Roman Catholic church located in Larchmont, New York. The parish having been founded in 1892, the present Gothic Revival church building was constructed in 1928. With a growing number of Catholics living in Larchmont, New York—many of them domestic servants who attended Blessed Sacrament Church in New Rochelle or Most Holy Trinity Church in Mamaroneck—the Archbishop of New York, Michael Corrigan, created the parish of St. Augustine was created in 1892. The decision to establish a parish was motivated in part", "id": "19300736" }, { "contents": "St. Barbara Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Barbara Catholic Church () is a parish of the Roman Catholic Church in Cleveland, Ohio, within the Diocese of Cleveland. The parish church is located on Denison Ave. between West 16th St. and the southbound entrance to SR 176, in a part of the Brooklyn Centre neighborhood previously known in Polish as . The red brick parish church, designed by H.C. Gabele, is a local landmark. It is a GNIS named feature. The church, rectory and convent buildings are listed together as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. The", "id": "13695356" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\ntwo years the parishioners worshipped in a hotel before constructing a building at Fourth and Euclid downtown. A fire destroyed the structure before it was completed, but people throughout the city contributed funds to build a brick replacement in 1851. By the 1870s, the streets surrounding the church had become primarily commercial, so the vestry sold the building and rented halls while building the present church eastward on Euclid Avenue. Its placement amid the wealthy Millionaire's Row district soon caused it to become a symbol of the neighborhood. However, the membership", "id": "19215901" }, { "contents": "St Michael the Archangel Church, Chatham\n\n\nHeart Church in Luton. St Paulinus Church was built in 1788 as a Wesleyan Chapel. In 1892, it was bought by the local Catholic Church. Sacred Heart Church was built in 1949. On 26 June 1949, its foundation stone was laid by the parish priest of St Michael's Church. St Paulinus Church has one Sunday Mass at 9:00am. Sacred Heart Church also has one Sunday Mass, it is at 10:30am. St Michael's Church has four Sunday Masses: 6:30pm on Saturday and 9:30am, 11:00am and 6:00pm on", "id": "19228802" }, { "contents": "St Michael and All Angels Church, Kingaroy\n\n\n's construction. Architect Colin Deighton, who was assistant to John Hingeston Buckeridge, the Anglican Diocese of Brisbane Architect between 1887 and 1901, designed the church. Deighton designed a number of country churches and St Colomb's Anglican Church at Clayfield in Brisbane. The foundation stone of St Michael and All Angels Church was laid on 10 November 1910 by the Venerable Arthur Rivers, Archdeacon of Toowoomba. Construction of the building, which was to seat 250 worshippers, began in December 1910 and was completed in 1911. Its cost, including", "id": "3972006" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Catholic Church (Chicago)\n\n\nSt. Michael () is a church of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Chicago. The current church is located at E. 83rd Street and S. South Shore Drive in South Chicago, a neighborhood of Chicago, Illinois. It is a prime example of the so-called \"Polish Cathedral style\" of churches in both its opulence and grand scale. Along with Immaculate Conception, it is one of the two monumental Polish churches dominating over the South Chicago neighborhood. Founded in 1892 as a Polish parish in Chicago to relieve overcrowding at Immaculate", "id": "20616064" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nof St. Stephen's for 38 years. In 1873, Fr. Reichlin realized that a new church building was needed to accommodate the growing parish. The Cleveland-based architect firm called Cudell & Richardson was hired to build the structure that still stands today as St. Stephen's Roman Catholic Church. Due to economic depression in the mid-1870s, work on the new building was stopped. Parishioners mortgaged their own properties to raise funds for the new church. It was dedicated on November 20, 1881 by the second bishop of Cleveland,", "id": "19215919" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church, Madison\n\n\n1992, the parishes of St. Mary's and St. Michael's became one community of faith, with one priest, Father John Meyer, and two church buildings. Saturday night mass was held at St. Michael's for St. Michael's ‘parishioners,’ and on Sunday morning, mass was held at St. Mary's. In 1993, the area's two other Catholic Churches (St. Patrick's and St. Anthony's) were merged with St. Mary's-St. Michael's as well. St. Michael's had extensive roof damage", "id": "2385663" }, { "contents": "St. Michael's Church, Hildesheim\n\n\nin 1010 and dedicated the still unfinished building to Michael on the archangel's feast day, 29 September 1022, just a few weeks before his death. Construction, however, continued under his successor, Bishop Godehard (died 1038), who completed the work in 1031 and reconsecrated the church to Michael on September 29 of that year. The church has double choirs east and west, double tripartite transepts at either end of the nave, and six towers----two large ones over the crossings east and west, and four other tall and", "id": "721679" }, { "contents": "St. Augustine's Catholic Church (Napoleon, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Augustine's Catholic Church is a historic church in Napoleon, Ohio, United States. Located on the edge of the city's downtown, two blocks away from the Henry County Courthouse, the church is a prominent landmark in Napoleon. St. Augustine Parish was founded at some point between 1856 and 1858; its first priest was Michael Pietz. The parish was dedicated to St. Augustine in honor of Augustine Pilliod, who supervised the construction of its first building. This structure was replaced with the current church, which was built at", "id": "13450149" }, { "contents": "Saint Patrick's Church (Dubuque, Iowa)\n\n\nMcCabe was assigned as the first resident pastor. The cornerstone of the present brick church was laid in 1877, and the building dedicated on August 15, 1878. In 1928, the Rev. J.J. Hanley remodeled and enlarged the church. St. Patrick Church was originally built for service to the Irish settlers of Dubuque and while the parish has maintained a healthy respect for its Irish heritage over its many years of service, the parish now specializes in service to the Hispanic residents of Dubuque. The parish offers a Spanish Mass on Sundays,", "id": "20590874" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nsecond parish for German-speaking Catholics. In April 1869 the first bishop of Cleveland, Bishop Louis Amadeus Rappe, appointed Fr. Stephen Falk to have a two-story building built. The building would be used as a church on the upper level and a school on the lower level to accommodate the 200 families from St. Mary's that lived west of 44th Street. The newly ordained Fr. Casimir Reichlin became the first pastor and said the first Mass of the parish on May 1, 1870. He served as pastor", "id": "19215918" }, { "contents": "Immaculate Conception Catholic Church (Fulda, Ohio)\n\n\n. Construction began on a small church building under the ministry of the priest from Miltonsburg, and Archbishop Purcell of Cincinnati dedicated it in 1853. Ten years later, the parishioners constructed a parish school, and a rectory followed in 1866; its large size and pretentious architecture resulted in a high construction cost of $2,500. By this time, the original church building had become entirely inadequate for the needs of the congregation, and replacement plans were laid; the cornerstone was laid in May 1874, and Bishop Rosecrans of Columbus dedicated", "id": "19205436" }, { "contents": "St. Vitus's Church, Cleveland\n\n\nSt. Vitus is a parish of the Roman Catholic Church in Cleveland, Ohio, United States, in the Diocese of Cleveland. The parish church, located at 6019 Lausche Avenue in the St. Clair-Superior neighborhood, was completed in 1932. The first documented Slovenian to settle in the Cleveland area was Joseph Turk, who came about 1883, most likely from Carniola, and settled on Marble Avenue, near the steel mills. He helped organize the Catholic Slovenes in Cleveland, and requested that Bishop Richard Gilmour of Cleveland appoint a", "id": "916020" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Catholic Church (St. Patrick, Ohio)\n\n\nrectory in 1919 to house its pastor; before its construction, St. Patrick's was served by priests from St. Michael's Church in Fort Loramie to the southwest. In 1977, the church and rectory were recorded by the Ohio Historic Inventory for the purpose of historic preservation; both buildings were ranked in good condition without any significant risks. Two years later, they were listed together on the National Register of Historic Places, along with over thirty other buildings in the Land of the Cross-Tipped Churches. When these churches were", "id": "15760892" }, { "contents": "Cathedral of St Michael and St John\n\n\n. In that year work commenced on a permanent church building located on the corner of George and Keppel Streets. St Michael's Church was a Victorian Gothic style building constructed in brick. It was in use by 1841 but appears not to have been completed until 1846 when leadlight windows were installed. Bishop John Bede Polding (1794-1877), first Catholic Archbishop of Sydney, was interested in fostering the English Gothic style of architecture in his diocese. He arranged for plans for significant churches to be prepared by English architects including", "id": "17452035" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Cathedral, Thunder Bay\n\n\n. From there, St. Patrick's Church was one of many churches that was missioned to the First Nations in Northern Ontario, as well as St. Andrew's Church, which was handed over to the diocese in 1997. St. Patrick's was built in 1892, the same year as Thunder Bay was incorporated as a town. The foundation stone was laid on 10 October 1891, and the first Mass was celebrated on 21 August 1892. The Jesuit parish priests made plans for the construction of an elementary school later that decade.", "id": "14488629" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Catholic Church (Toledo, Ohio)\n\n\nfor use in a new building. Fr. Edward Hannin, pastor of St. Patrick's, set out to create \"the finest church in this part of the land,\" for his congregation and began to raise money for construction. When it was completed, St. Patrick's was considered one of the finest examples of Gothic Revival architecture in the United States. The exterior is constructed of Amherst blue sandstone and the interior contains ten red granite columns. The church was dedicated on April 13, 1901. The church underwent extensive", "id": "9145471" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Dayton, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Mary's Catholic Church is a historic Catholic church building in an eastern neighborhood of Dayton, Ohio, United States. Constructed at the beginning of the twentieth century, it remains home to an active parish. Its grand architecture has made it an aviator's landmark, and it has been named a historic site by the federal government. Emanuel Church, the first Catholic parish in Dayton, was formed in 1837. Many English-speaking families left to form a separate parish in 1846, but Emanuel continued growing to the point", "id": "19205373" }, { "contents": "Church of St. James the Less\n\n\nmission. Weekly celebration of Mass resumed on Sundays at 5:00 pm. The breakaway congregation now meets at the Holy Cross Catholic church and is known as the Church of Saint Michael the Archangel. During the controversy, the parish school closed circa 2006. As part of its mandate, Saint Mark's Church began a fundraising effort to open a new parish school to serve this local community. In 2009 and 2010, the St. Mark's congregation (together with St. Francis Episcopal Church in Potomac, Maryland) sponsored Vacation Bible School at", "id": "12322466" }, { "contents": "St. John's Evangelical Lutheran Church (Springfield, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. John's Evangelical Lutheran Church is a historic Lutheran church in downtown Springfield, Ohio, United States. Founded as a German-speaking parish in Springfield's early days, it grew rapidly during its first few decades, and its present large church building was constructed in the 1890s under the direction of one of Springfield's leading architects. The congregation remains in the landmark church building, which has been named a historic site. Springfield's first Lutheran congregation was organized in May 1841, and a separate group of German Lutherans began", "id": "18832000" }, { "contents": "St Michael and St John Church, Clitheroe\n\n\nGrade II listed building. In September 2008, the Jesuits handed the church over to the Diocese of Salford who continue to serve the parish. Two years later, the parish merged with St Mary Queen of Peace Church in Sabden to form the parish of Our Lady of the Valley. St Mary's was built in 1877 and it was made into a parish in 1909, so that the parishioners did not have to travel the sizeable distance to attend Mass in Clitheroe. The parish has two Sunday Masses at St Michael and St", "id": "5090732" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n. St. Paul's church building is one of just six Gothic Revival churches built in Cleveland during the 1870s that survived into the 1980s. At one time considered Cleveland's grandest and largest church, it is distinguished by the unusual architecture of the peak of the bell tower, and the open interior features extensive detailing, along with seating for one thousand worshippers. Covered with sandstone from Berea, the building was a work of Gordon W. Lloyd, a Detroit architect who also produced grand churches in Ohio cities of various sizes, ranging", "id": "19215903" }, { "contents": "St. Aloysius' Catholic Church (Carthagena, Ohio)\n\n\nerected in 1865. In their earliest years, the people worshipped in the chapel of the adjacent St. Charles Seminary. Throughout its history, the church has been significantly influenced by the seminary, which trained the priests of the Missionaries of the Precious Blood and provided pastors for the church. As its membership grew, the parish decided to construct a church building. Plans were laid and construction began in 1875; the cornerstone was laid in May 1877, and the church was consecrated on June 30, 1878; the parishioners had performed", "id": "20255448" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Church (Monroe, Michigan)\n\n\nto come. St. Michael Church is located along the River Raisin on West Front Street in the city of Monroe, MI. The 183 foot steeple isn't hard to miss. When you come into Monroe you can easily see St. Michael's A tradition at St. Michael Church is the parish prayer. It is said before the beginning of every mass. It reads: \"Lord, God, we glorify Your holy name and thank you for calling us, the people of Saint Michael the Archangel Parish, to be one in", "id": "12346363" }, { "contents": "St Michael and All Angels Church, Barton Turf\n\n\nSt Michael and All Angels is the Church of England parish church of Barton Turf in the county of Norfolk in England. See Inside here. It stands about a kilometre south-west of the village in the midst of a plantation of trees. Particularly notable for its surviving paintings, the church is listed with Grade I. The building was at first constructed in rather an undistinguished Perpendicular style, possessing a tower at the west end of the church. The church is best known for the twelve panels of its late-Gothic rood", "id": "15249529" }, { "contents": "St Michael and All Angels' Church, Haworth\n\n\nSt Michael and All Angels' Church is the Church of England parish church of Haworth, West Yorkshire. The current structure, the third church building on the site, was built between 1879 and 1881 although parts of the original medieval church building, notably the tower, survive from earlier periods. The church is best known for its historic association with the Brontë sisters whose father Revd. Patrick Brontë served as minister of the parish between 1820 and 1861. A chapel has existed on the site since 1488, though records held at", "id": "17201346" }, { "contents": "St. Peter Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Peter Church (), is a Catholic parish church in Cleveland, Ohio and part of the Diocese of Cleveland. Founded in , it is located at the intersection of Superior Ave. near East 17th St., in the Downtown neighborhood. The church is a longstanding city landmark; George Francis Houck, then the Chancellor, wrote in 1903 that, \"One of the landmarks of the city and Diocese of Cleveland is St. Peter's Church.\" It is listed as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. It is also a named", "id": "13925952" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Church (Monroe, Michigan)\n\n\n. It was used as a church on the first floor and on the second it was used for the school. Later it would only be used as St. Michael School. Then in 1866 the cornerstone for the present church was laid. The large 187 foot steeple wasn't added until 1883. In 1874 the 3-story rectory was built east of the church. In 1918 the parish built the present building of St. Michael School which is now a part of Monroe Catholic Elementary Schools. The movement to establish the parish started in 1845", "id": "12346356" }, { "contents": "St. Casimir Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nRichard Gilmour for permission to form a new parish and build a church for their own use. In December 1891, Monsignor Felix Boff, V.G., administrator of the diocese, granted the required permission. Those parishioners left to form St. Casimir Church in 1891. The parish was founded in 1891 — about 44 years after the Diocese of Cleveland was erected by Pope Pius IX. In December, 1891, Boff appointed Father Benedict Rosinski, pastor of St. Adalbert's, Berea, Ohio, to take charge of the mission. On", "id": "12488231" }, { "contents": "St James' Church, Forest Gate\n\n\nSt James' Church, Forest Gate was a church in Forest Gate, east London. Its origins lay in an iron building constructed around 1870 to serve a conventional district. A parish was formed for it in 1881 from those of Emmanuel Church, All Saints and St John's and its permanent church completed the following year, with an organ moved from St Matthew's Church, Friday Street. The church was demolished in 1964 and for two years its congregation worshiped in the Durning Hall Community Centre's chapel until the parish was", "id": "17208906" }, { "contents": "North Presbyterian Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nNorth Presbyterian Church is a historic Presbyterian church on the east side of Cleveland, Ohio, United States. Constructed in the 1880s, the church building has been named a historic site. Throughout its history, the congregation has been focused on Sunday school work. North Presbyterian Church developed out of a mission Sunday school established in east-side Cleveland in 1859. The local presbytery organized a congregation out of the Sunday school in 1867, and within a short while, the new congregation formed the first of two mission Sunday schools in", "id": "19215693" }, { "contents": "St. Vitus's Church, Cleveland\n\n\nVitus to work on the interior. It was finished for the centennial celebration of the parish later that year. St. Vitus remains a strong parish, but Fr. Božnar works with Bishop Lennon's programs to cluster parishes in order to increase strength for inner-city parishes. The church building of St. Vitus itself is constructed in the Lombard-Roman style with pale yellow Falston brick. It is 141 feet long and 100 feet wide with an attached parish house on its west side. Its two Romanesque bell towers reach 110 feet", "id": "916027" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Michael (St. Michael, Minnesota)\n\n\nof the church came from Saint John's Abbey in Collegeville. In 1866 a new church was built in the center of the town and served for about 25 years. In 1890 the parish built a Gothic Revival building, which was the largest church in Wright County at the time. The building features ornate statues and German woodcarvings. Although the parish had a mostly German ethnicity for many years, since 1985 the number of families in the parish doubled, and it no longer appears to be an ethnic parish. In 2004 the", "id": "1327870" }, { "contents": "St. Thomas Church (Underhill, Vermont)\n\n\nSt. Thomas Church is a Roman Catholic church in the Town of Underhill, Vermont in the United States, located in the unincorporated village of \"Underhill Center\". The church was built from 1891-92 after its predecessor had burned down on 19 December 1890. The cornerstone for the current St. Thomas Church building was laid on 12 August 1891 at an event that had an estimated 1,000 attendees. Although the construction period spanned from 1 May 1891 until December 1892, the first Mass was nevertheless held in the basement of the church", "id": "6739395" }, { "contents": "St. William Parish (Lawncrest)\n\n\n1950s and 60's, saw many changes come to the physical plant of the Parish that reflected the housing boom of the area, the economic upswing of the times and the growing parish population. Many of the original \"Motley Buildings\" were completely replaced. The Middle School (Junior High/Upper School) building was built and later an additional floor was added. When consideration was had for the completion of the Upper Church, it was found that the basement church was not structurally sufficient to support additional construction. In 1955", "id": "10364503" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Michael the Archangel, Katowice\n\n\nChurch of St. Michael Archangel () is one of the oldest buildings in Katowice. It's located in Kościuszko Park, where it was moved in 1938 from the village Syrynia, where it was originally constructed in 1510. It is under the invocation of St. Michael. It has end-fitted log framework construction and shingled roof. Free-standing belltower was completed before 1679; it has historic lych-gate and wooden fence around the churchyard. The church of St. Michael Archangel was first built in 1305 in Syrynia, near", "id": "21359049" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Catholic Church (St. Patrick, Ohio)\n\n\n's was closely connected to many other churches in western Ohio: wide areas of western Ohio that were primarily settled by Catholics feature large churches at sparsely-populated crossroads. While most of these churches are constructed in the Gothic Revival style of architecture, some of the newer churches of the region — including St. Patrick's — appear in a variety of styles; St. Patrick's was one of the few that lacked the high steeples of the Gothic Revival structures. The leading role of these churches in western Shelby County and the lands", "id": "15760890" }, { "contents": "St Michael's Roman Catholic Church, Linlithgow\n\n\nchildren the congregation capitalised on the spirit of cooperation and community and set out to build a school. Located on a site next to the church St. Joseph's school was opened on 1 July 1889 and served the children of the parish until 1964 when new premises were occupied at Preston Road. Although during this time Fr Easson had replaced Fr Murphy as parish priest there was no change of emphasis and all the parish energies were engaged in the effort to complete the church building programme. Plans to double the size of the church were", "id": "17679127" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Delaware, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Mary's Catholic Church is a historic Catholic parish church in the city of Delaware, Ohio, United States. Constructed in the 1880s, this grand building is home to a congregation established in the middle of the nineteenth century. Its grand style has long made it a community landmark, and it was named a historic landmark in 1980. Delaware's first Masses were celebrated by travelling priests in the homes of the city's few Catholics, most of whom were Irish or German immigrants. The members built the first St. Mary", "id": "2642749" }, { "contents": "Church of the Resurrection (Rye, New York)\n\n\nin 1881 at the intersection of Purchase Street and the Boston Post Road, where services were then offered. The parish was incorporated on January 29, 1886, and title to the property was transferred from the archdiocese to the parish itself. A new church building was completed in 1889 on Purchase Street, while the former building was used as the rectory. Thereafter, construction of a parochial school on the Boston Post Road began in 1906 and was completed two years later. With the number of parishioners growing, the church purchased land", "id": "19300829" }, { "contents": "Near North Side, Chicago\n\n\n, most of this area was an enclave to the first emigrants from Puerto Rico to Chicago, who referred to it as part of \"La Clark\" until commercialization decorated late 1960s shop signs with the name of Old Town. The neighborhood is home to St. Michael's Church, originally built to serve German immigrants, and one of only 7 to survive the great Chicago fire. St. Michael's, Holy Name Cathedral, Immaculate Conception, and St. Joseph's Catholic churches all catered to Latinos with a Mass in Spanish. Many", "id": "1540930" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Massillon, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Mary's Catholic Church is a historic Catholic church building in the city of Massillon, Ohio, United States. Constructed in 1876 for a congregation composed largely of European immigrants, it has been named a historic site. The origins of St. Mary parish lie among numerous Germans and Irish who settled in Massillon in its early years and built a small house of worship on Cherry Road in the 1840s. This building stood until 1875, when it was destroyed so that the present church might occupy its location; it was built in", "id": "19205828" }, { "contents": "St. Anne Church (Berlin, New Hampshire)\n\n\nSt. Anne Church is a historic church at 58 Church Street in Berlin, New Hampshire, United States. It is the church for Good Shepherd Parish within the Roman Catholic Diocese of Manchester. St. Anne Parish was founded in 1867, and was Berlin's first Roman Catholic congregation. It was merged with Guardian Angel Parish, St. Joseph Parish, and St. Kieran Parish in 2000 to form Good Shepherd Parish. Its building, constructed in 1900, is an important local example of Romanesque architecture, and was listed on the National Register", "id": "2452362" }, { "contents": "St. Peter Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n, put up by Luhr, was torn down and replaced by a large pastoral residence adjoining the rear of the church, at a cost of $12,000. In the same year a third story was added to St. Peter's school building, and arranged for a parish hall, containing a stage and other conveniences, at a cost of $10,000. In the synod of January 3, 1889, St. Peter's congregation was the first mentioned among the nine principal churches of the diocese which Gilmour named as rectorates, with an", "id": "13925965" }, { "contents": "Trinity Cathedral (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nfirst church building built within the village limits of Cleveland. In 1846, to meet the needs of a growing parish, plans for a larger, centralized building just east of Public Square commenced. The congregation moved into the larger stone structure in the Gothic style on Superior Avenue in 1855. In 1890, Trinity Church was offered to Bishop William A. Leonard for use as a cathedral for the Diocese of Ohio. The congregation would maintain the building and it would serve dual roles as the parish church and cathedral for the diocese.", "id": "19215933" }, { "contents": "St. Andrew's Cathedral (Jackson, Mississippi)\n\n\nat the time that was not located along the Mississippi River. Its church was burned by the Union Army during the American Civil War in 1863. The cornerstone for the second church was laid by the Rt. Rev. William Mercer Green in 1869. By the turn of the Twentieth Century the congregation had outgrown its church building and the present structure was completed in 1903. The Parish House was constructed between 1923 and 1924. The congregation continued to grow and the building along West Street was built in 1955. The bishop moved his", "id": "20556538" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Evansville, Indiana)\n\n\nservice in the first church building was held on April 15, 1883. While construction ensued, a congregant and frequent benefactor, Charles Viele, offered the use of Viele Hall (located on 2nd street between Main and Sycamore streets) to St. Paul's parish. The cornerstone for new St. Paul's was laid on September 3, 1883, and construction completed on March 2, 1886 with Bishop D.B. Knickerbacker consecrating the new building. Charles and Mary Viele continued to sponsor further construction on the church grounds - first with a rectory", "id": "20407572" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Church (Monroe, Michigan)\n\n\nSaint Michael the Archangel Church (St. Michael Church) is located on the west side of the city of Monroe, Michigan along the River Raisin. It is home to 1,200 families and it is one of most important religious institutes in Monroe County. It was founded in the year 1852. The present building was built from 1866-1867. It is in the Archdiocese of Detroit. Its current priest is Rev. Phillip Ching. When the parish was first established, the mayor of Monroe palatial residence was remodeled as a temporary church", "id": "12346355" }, { "contents": "St. Mary Congregational Church\n\n\nSt. Mary Congregational Church in Abbeville, Louisiana is the oldest incorporated, predominantly African-American church in Vermilion Parish. Its historic Gothic Revival style church at 213 S. Louisiana Avenue, constructed in 1905 to replace a previous building, was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1999. American Missionary Association records show the congregation dates to at least 1877. The structure is a three-bay, gable-fronted church with a prominent corner tower. The tower is three-stage and square. The church is currently non", "id": "17676536" }, { "contents": "St. Charles of the Valley Catholic Church and Rectory\n\n\nSt. Charles Borromeo Church is a Catholic parish in Hailey, Idaho, in the Diocese of Boise. Its historic parish church and rectory complex, located at Pine and S. 1st Streets, is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Fr. E.M. Nattini began ministering in the Wood River Valley in the 1880s. The population was growing rapidly, and he was soon able to raise funds for the construction of the first church of St. Charles, which began June 17, 1883. It was the first Catholic church ineast of", "id": "20581174" }, { "contents": "Sacred Heart Catholic Church (Dayton, Ohio)\n\n\nprompted some of the members to leave in July 1883 and establish Sacred Heart Church; under the leadership of St. Joseph's associate pastor Hugh McDevitt, the congregation rented a meeting hall while waiting for the construction of their building. Land for the present church was purchased for $19,000, and William Henry Elder laid the cornerstone in June 1888. Exterior work was completed in the following year, and by 1893 construction was close enough to completion that the congregation could begin worshipping in their building. The building was consecrated by Bishop Maes", "id": "22206155" }, { "contents": "St. Vincent de Paul Church (Pontiac, Michigan)\n\n\n. The church continued to grow, and in the 1880s, the Reverend Fridolin Baumgartner began raising funds for the construction of the present church. The congregation hired the Detroit architecture firm of Donaldson & Meier to design the church, and the cornerstone was laid on September 6, 1885. The church was dedicated two years later, on September 18, 1887. A 6600-pound bell was installed in the church in 1890. A rectory was constructed in 1895, a school building was added in 1897, and a parish hall in 1911", "id": "19268922" }, { "contents": "St. Boniface Roman Catholic Church\n\n\npopulation on the west side. In 1873, a two-story, red brick Italianate rectory building was built for the parish at a cost of $6,000. A stone church building was planned by the prominent local architect William M. Scott, and construction was completed in 1883 at a cost of $30,000. The parish was closed in 1989, and the building was demolished a few years later. St. Boniface Church was an eclectic example of Romanesque Revival and Ruskinian Gothic architecture. It was built in a cruciform shape from red", "id": "9736494" } ]

[ { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nchurch congregation reached its peak size in the 1950, when only 25% of the parishioners were of German descent. The first Spanish Mass was said in 1971 for the growing number of Hispanic parishioners. The congregation now is mostly Latin American. The church now offers Masses in both English and Spanish. An annual Good Friday Procession begins or ends at St. Michael's. St Michael's and La Sagrada Familia church alternate every year to begin or end at one of the two churches. There is a stop at St Patrick's", "id": "19125747" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nwhile the new building was under construction. The current church, which had its cornerstone laid in 1889, was completed five years ahead of schedule in 1892. The church building is considered a good example of High Victorian Gothic architecture with its two towers of unequal height, the taller of which rises , and three archways. An architecturally notable school adjacent to the church began construction in 1906 and was completed in 1907. For many years the church was one of the most costly and artistically notable churches in the Cleveland Diocese. The", "id": "19125746" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Michael the Archangel is a Roman Catholic church located at 3114 Scranton Road in the Clark-Fulton neighborhood on the west side of Cleveland, Ohio. The church is named in honor of St. Michael the Archangel and was completed in 1892. The congregation was founded in 1881 as a mission of Ohio City, Cleveland's St. Mary's on-the-Flats to serve a growing German immigrant population on Cleveland's west side. The original church and school building were constructed in 1883 but burned on June 29, 1891,", "id": "19125745" }, { "contents": "St. John's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n's. Trinity Cathedral is now the seat of the Episcopal Diocese of Ohio. St. John's was also the mother church to several of the west side parishes. In 1837, the Ohio City Directory described the church as follows, \"The Episcopal Church, which is not yet finished, is built of hammered stone, and has a lofty steeple. Its style of architecture is Gothic, resembling that of the ancient and venerable Cathedral. This building, when finished, will be one of the best of the kind in the", "id": "18742416" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cincinnati, Ohio)\n\n\n1847. The cornerstone was laid August 1, 1847 and the church dedicated June 4, 1848. Rev. Fr. Zoppoth was selected as the first pastor for the congregation. In 1868 St. Michael Church became the mother parish to St. Lawrence Church which was organized that same year. The Comboni Missionaries took charge of the parish in 1964. By this time many of the German-speaking families in the parish had begun to move to other parts of the city. In a mass celebrated by Daniel Edward Pilarczyk the church building was", "id": "11338583" }, { "contents": "St. Columba Cathedral (Youngstown, Ohio)\n\n\nThe first Mass celebrated in Youngstown occurred in 1826. St. Columba Parish was founded in 1847, the year that Pope Pius IX established the Diocese of Cleveland, of which Youngstown was a part. The first church was completed in 1850. As the parish grew, it required a larger church, which it completed in 1868. The first parish school building was opened three years later. The parish continued to grow and constructed yet another church which opened in 1897. Bishop Ignatius Horstmann consecrated the sanctuary in 1903. The parish added", "id": "13619245" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Stephen Church is a Roman Catholic church located in the Detroit-Shoreway neighborhood on the west side of Cleveland, Ohio. The gothic style building was designed by architects Cudell & Richardson. The current church was built in 1875 and was added into the National Register of Historic Places in 1977. St. Stephen Roman Catholic Church was founded in 1869 due to a need for a second German parish on the west side of Cleveland. The first German parish, St. Mary's, increased so much that Cleveland was in need of a", "id": "19215917" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cincinnati, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Michael the Archangel Church is a Roman Catholic church located at 2110 St. Michael Street, in Cincinnati, Ohio. The cornerstone of this church was laid in 1847 and the church dedicated a year later. The church closed April 5, 1998. As the tide of German immigrants continued to rise in Cincinnati, more churches were needed. Holy Trinity Church was the first German speaking parish. As the city grew in three directions; north, east and west; there were three parishes which descended from that parish Old St. Mary", "id": "11338581" }, { "contents": "St. John's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. John's Episcopal Church is located at 2600 Church Avenue in the Ohio City neighborhood of Cleveland, Ohio. St. John's is the oldest consecrated building in Cuyahoga county. This stone gothic revival church building was designed by Hezekiah Eldredge and built beginning in 1836 and was completed 1838. Eldridge was probably familiar with John Henry Hopkins' \"An Essay on Gothic Architecture\", the first book on Gothic ecclesiastical architecture to be published in the United States. St. John's is a good representative of a small group of American churches", "id": "18742414" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland Heights, Ohio)\n\n\nFairmount Blvd, it is a contributing property in the Fairmount Boulevard District, which is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. St. Paul's was first established in the city of Cleveland, Ohio on October 26, 1846. The congregation did not have its own building until 1851, as a frame building completed in 1849 burned completely. A small brick church in the Gothic Revival style was completed for the parish at Euclid and Sheriff (East 4th) Streets by 1858. St. Paul's congregation outgrew the church, however", "id": "18644038" }, { "contents": "Irvington, Baltimore\n\n\nPassion\", marking the beginning of St. Joseph's Monastery Parish. Construction of a new, larger church began in 1881 and was completed in 1883. Its cornerstone was placed by Cardinal James Gibbons. The original monastery, beside the church, burned down in 1883. A new monastery was completed in 1886. The monastery chapel is extant and contains an 1887 Niemann pipe organ. The congregation of St. Joseph's Monastery Parish outgrew their church building in the following century. In 1931, Archbishop Michael Joseph Curley placed the cornerstone for", "id": "5906170" }, { "contents": "St. Theodosius Russian Orthodox Cathedral\n\n\nSt. Theodosius Cathedral is an Orthodox church located on Starkweather Avenue in the Tremont neighborhood, on the near west side of Cleveland, Ohio. It is considered one of the best examples of Russian church architecture in the U.S. and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The parish is the first Orthodox parish in Cleveland and is currently under the jurisdiction of the Diocese of the Midwest of the Orthodox Church in America. St. Theodosius is perhaps best known for its appearance in the 1978 film, \"The Deer Hunter\" with", "id": "13141384" }, { "contents": "St. Casimir Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nBoth the church building and the school building are GNIS named features. The church building is listed as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. To provide properly for the large and steadily increasing number of Poles in the north-eastern part of Cleveland it was necessary to organize them into the third Polish congregation within the limits of the city. They lived too far away from St. Stanislaus Church, with which they had been affiliated, for them to conveniently either attend Mass or for their children to attend the parish school. They therefore petitioned Bishop", "id": "12488230" }, { "contents": "St. Henry's Catholic Church (Harriettsville, Ohio)\n\n\nChurch in Fulda in order to hear Mass. Virtually all of the members in the early decades were Germans or of German descent. A parish school was formed in the late 1870s, and in its first twenty years, the parish grew fourfold in membership. This growth caused the original church building to be too small: land for a new building was purchased in 1879, and construction finished in 1894. St. Henry's Church is a stone building in the Gothic Revival style; the most prominent component is a multi-story tower", "id": "19205430" }, { "contents": "St. Michael's Church, Old Town, Chicago\n\n\nSt. Michael's Church in the Old Town neighborhood of Chicago is a Roman Catholic church staffed by the Redemptorist order of priests. The parish was founded to minister to German Catholic immigrants in 1852 with its first wooden church completed that year at a cost of $750 (including the bell). The building stands at the intersection of Eugenie Street and Cleveland Avenue. The church was built as a haven for German immigrants who were outcasts in Old Chicago. In addition, the town's main church, St. Joseph's Church,", "id": "10838314" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cincinnati, Ohio)\n\n\n's Church, St. Philomena's Church and St. Joseph's Church. The three parishes were founded in 1840, 1846 and 1846 respectively. As more immigration followed, St. Michael's was founded, the first filial parish of St. Joseph. The parish was located to what was then called Storrs Township. Forty-five persons organized themselves into a congregation in the early part of 1847 and drew up a constitution for the church A lot was donated by Innocent Troenle and two additional adjacent pieces of property were bought in April and May", "id": "11338582" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Michael and St. Anthony\n\n\ntoday to mostly Poles and Italians. The church has also been noted for its Byzantine Revival architecture, complete with a dome and minaret-styled tower, making it \"one of the more unique examples of church architecture in Montréal.\" Construction on the Church of St. Michael the Archangel began in 1914, for what would grow to become the largest anglophone parish in Montreal. After a brief delay following the commencement of World War I, the church was completed in 1915 at a cost of $232,000, with a capacity of", "id": "10850773" }, { "contents": "Zion Lutheran Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nother Cleveland-area Lutheran congregations, including Trinity Lutheran Church, are Zion's daughters. The original church building was located downtown, but the east-side German community was strong enough by 1902 that the congregation deemed Prospect Avenue a better location for serving the community. From its earliest years, the congregation had sponsored a school; Zion Lutheran School was founded in 1848, at which time all scholars were instructed in German. The school moved to Prospect Avenue ahead of the church; the present building was completed in 1903,", "id": "19215937" }, { "contents": "St. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\non their behalf with papal authorities, and Charles Boehm of Hungary settled in Cleveland in late 1892 to serve the new St. Elizabeth parish, the first Hungarian nationality parish in America. Boehm immediately began registering members and advocating for the construction of a church complex; the first church building, a brick structure, was erected by the end of 1893, a school soon followed, and a larger school was completed in 1900 because of expanded enrollment. He also began a Hungarian-language parish newspaper that soon gained subscribers in other parts", "id": "19215854" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church, Madison\n\n\ndying Catholics (he was a doctor as well). Costigan is believed to have been the Catholic architect of the church. Costigan was only recorded as being a member of the parish during the construction, but details of the church building mirror his other buildings in Madison. In December 1839 St. Michael the Archangel Catholic Church was completed. As the City of Madison grew, so did its Catholic population. German–Catholics had increased highly in numbers and had formed a separate congregation within St. Michael's. In 1850, the", "id": "2385658" }, { "contents": "Pilgrim Congregational Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nonly a short time, as construction on the present building was started just 23 years after the first building was finished. The name \"Pilgrim Congregational Church\" was adopted in 1894 upon the completion of the present building; they had been styled \"Heights Congregational Church\" into the 1870s and used the name \"Jennings Avenue Congregational Church\" in the 1880s. The building was a community landmark from its earliest years — electric wiring was included in the original construction at a time when no other Cleveland buildings west of the Cuyahoga River", "id": "19215839" }, { "contents": "St. Monica Church (Manhattan)\n\n\nin 1880 he began conducting Mass over a feed store at 404 East 78th Street. The following year, he purchased land for the construction of the church and school. Construction of the first church building was completed in 1883. In 1892, the address was listed as 409 E 79th Street. The Rev. John J. Boyle served as acting rector at St. Monica's before becoming the founding pastor of St. Luke's Church (Bronx, New York). The current Gothic Revival church building was erected in 1906 to the designs of", "id": "18565781" }, { "contents": "Annunciation Church (historic) (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nAnnunciation Church (historic) (), was a Catholic parish church in Cleveland, Ohio and part of the Diocese of Cleveland. It was located at the intersection of Hurd St. and Moore St., now part of the West Side Market parking lot, in the Ohio City neighborhood. The location where the church once stood can be found, in an 1881 atlas, at the south-west corner of Hurd St. and Moore St., on the west bank of the Cuyahoga river above part of the Flats historically known as Ox", "id": "14549709" }, { "contents": "Sacred Heart of Jesus Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n. Between 1885 and 1889 a large number of Poles settled in South Cleveland, in the area of East 71st St. and Harvard Ave. They lived too far away from St. Stanislaus church for them to conveniently either attend Mass or for their children to attend the parish school. They petitioned Bishop Richard Gilmour for permission to form a new parish and build a church for their own use. The petition to form a new parish and build a church was granted, and the parish was founded in  — about 42 years after the Diocese", "id": "12287909" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland Heights, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Paul's Episcopal Church is a parish of the Episcopal Church in Cleveland Heights, Ohio. The current rector is the Rev. Jeanne Leinbach, installed on October 23, 2015. She is the first female rector of St. Paul's. Her predecessor was the Rev. Alan M. Gates, who served from 2004-2014, before his election as Bishop of Massachusetts. St. Paul's is a leading church and has the largest congregation in the Episcopal Diocese of Ohio. The church building is a Cleveland Heights landmark. Located at 2747", "id": "18644037" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nRev. Richard Gilmour. Volunteer German and Hungarian woodworkers completed the interior of the church. Over the next 40 years, the parish added a rectory, convent for the Sisters of Notre Dame and two school buildings including one for and an all girls two-year high school which opened in 1905. After World War II, St. Stephen's parish experienced unprecedented growth due to the population growth in Cleveland and throughout the country. On June 8, 1953 a tornado severely damaged the church structure. Work to restore the building began immediately", "id": "19215920" }, { "contents": "Cathedral of St. John the Evangelist (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nstyle and the Bishop laid the cornerstone October 22, 1848. Until the new building was completed in 1852, St. Mary's served as cathedral for the diocese. At the time of its completion, the new cathedral was the well beyond Cleveland's Public Square. Alterations and additions began on the church almost as soon as the initial construction was complete. In 1857, a boys' school was added and within ten years, it was joined by a parish hall and girls' school. In 1879, the parish raised sufficient", "id": "10656550" }, { "contents": "St. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nthe present building. Although the cornerstone was laid in 1918, the construction process was lengthy, and it was finally completed only in 1922. Built primarily of limestone, according to a design of Cleveland architect Emile Uhlrich, the church is an example of Italian-influenced Baroque Revival architecture, partly modelled after the church of Sant'Agnese in Agone in Rome. Two great towers, topped with cupolas, form the ends of the facade, while a great rose window sits in the middle section of the facade high above the main entrance", "id": "19215857" }, { "contents": "St. Nicholas' Catholic Church (Osgood, Ohio)\n\n\nnearby villages; St. Augustine's Church in Minster and St. Michael's Church in Fort Loramie were established by 1850, but the foundations of a parish in Osgood were not laid until 1904, and formal establishment of the parish came in 1906. In its earliest years, the Mass was celebrated in common buildings; after worshipping for a time in a school, the parishioners purchased a barn for ecclesiastical purposes. For many years, the improvement of the parish's facilities was hindered by its size; the fewness of its members meant", "id": "421917" }, { "contents": "Union–Miles Park\n\n\na congregation for African Americans, was founded 1914, and erected its first church building and school in 1916 at what is now Union Avenue and Martin Luther King Drive. The congregation that formed Archangel Michael Orthodox Church ( St. Michael's Orthodox Church) split from St. John the Baptist Orthodox Church in 1921. It began construction of its new church home at 10000 Union Avenue in April 1924, completing the structure in 1926. Although the long-standing Cataract House closed in 1917, the first Union–Miles Park movie theater,", "id": "20793486" }, { "contents": "St. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church is a historic Roman Catholic church in the Buckeye Road neighborhood on the east side of Cleveland, Ohio, United States. The earliest ethnic parish established for Hungarians in the United States, its present building was constructed in the early twentieth century, and it has been named a historic site. Cleveland's first Hungarian Catholics initially worshipped at St. Ladislaus' Church, an east-side Slovakian parish, but ethnic strife and increasing immigration prompted the Hungarian community to seek their own parish. Bishop Horstmann interceded", "id": "19215853" }, { "contents": "Sacred Heart of Jesus Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSacred Heart of Jesus (), was a Catholic parish church in Cleveland, Ohio and part of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland. It was located at the north-west corner of intersection of East 71st St. and Kazimier St., in a part of the South Broadway neighborhood previously known in Polish as \"\" and nicknamed \"Goosetown\". Both the church building and the school building are GNIS named features. The church, school, and rectory buildings are listed together as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. The church was closed", "id": "12287908" }, { "contents": "St. Mary Mother of the Redeemer Church (Norwalk, Ohio)\n\n\nSaint Mary Mother of the Redeemer Church is a parish in the Roman Catholic Diocese of Toledo. The current church is located at 38 W. League Street, Norwalk, Ohio. Construction on the building began on May 29, 1889, and was completed in 1894. The church was previously twinned with St. Alphonsus in Peru, Ohio, but was later twinned with St. Anthony in Milan, Ohio, after a mass restructuring of the diocese. The Century House was a name given to several buildings, now all demolished, within the", "id": "21671394" }, { "contents": "Pilgrim Congregational Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nPilgrim Congregational Church is a historic congregation of the United Church of Christ in Cleveland, Ohio, United States. Constructed in the 1890s for a congregation founded in the 1850s, it was named a historic site in the 1970s. Congregationalists began operating a Sunday school in Cleveland's Tremont neighborhood in 1854, and their efforts resulted in the creation of a church five years later. The members began construction of their first church building in 1865, although it was not completed until 1870. It was suitable for the congregation's needs for", "id": "19215838" }, { "contents": "Sidney Mason Stone\n\n\n; St. Patrick's Church, New Haven (1853) constructed of East Haven sandstone;First Congregational Church, Naugatuck, CT (1855) and Wooster Place Congregational Church, Wooster Square, New Haven (1855) (now the Church of St. Michael) the original design for which featured a Corinthian portico and tall steeple. In \"New Haven: A Guide to Architecture and Urban Design\", Brown remarks on St. Michael's, “The building has burned twice, the steeple blown down once...Only the side walls and tall", "id": "165241" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Dayton, Ohio)\n\n\ncentury, the parish had outgrown it, and construction began on a new building; Archbishop Moeller laid the cornerstone in July 1905 and consecrated it in November 1906. Growth continued, and St. Anthony's Church was established in 1913 by families coming out of St. Mary's. St. Mary's remains an active part of the Archdiocese of Cincinnati to the present day. Masses are celebrated both in English and in Spanish. The current St. Mary's Church is a Romanesque Revival structure built in a mix of brick and stone. Constructed", "id": "19205375" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Indianapolis, Indiana)\n\n\nuntil the Diocese of Indianapolis established Holy Rosary Catholic Church, an Italian national parish in Indianapolis in 1911. After the turn of the century, when the neighborhood become commercial, the parish purchased property at New Jersey and Vermont streets, where they built the present church, which was under construction from 1910 to 1912. St. Mary's adapted to its changing ethnic neighborhood over the years. In 1967, as the city's Spanish-speaking community began to grow, the parish began offering Sunday mass in Spanish. German-language", "id": "3660949" }, { "contents": "St. John's Catholic Church (Fryburg, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. John Catholic Church is a Roman Catholic church in the unincorporated community of Fryburg in Pusheta Township, Auglaize County, Ohio, United States. The parish was established in 1848, the same year in which the community was platted, and construction was completed in 1850. A Catholic school in connection with the church was established in 1877. Both buildings feature fine architecture: the church includes Gothic Revival elements such as ornate pilasters and lancet windows, while the former school is a good example of Federal architecture. St. John's is", "id": "11283325" }, { "contents": "St. Augustine Parish (Hartford, Connecticut)\n\n\nSt. Augustine Parish is a Roman Catholic parish located in Hartford, Connecticut. In addition to a church, the parish also administers a school, St. Augustine School. St. Augustine Parish was established in August 1902 with Fr. Michael Barry appointed as its first pastor. At that time, a church building had not yet been constructed so mass was offered at the Washington Street School until a basement chapel was completed in 1903. The current Romanesque-style church was completed in 1912 and dedicated by Bishop John J. Nilan of the then", "id": "21104070" }, { "contents": "Zion Lutheran Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nFirst Methodist, Trinity Cathedral, and St. Paul's Episcopal Church on Euclid Avenue. This condition persisted into the mid-1910s, at which point the neighborhood transitioned into a largely commercial area. Beginning after 1930, the neighborhood deteriorated as many buildings were demolished, often to create room for parking lots. In such an environment Zion Lutheran Church was constructed in 1902 and opened for public use in the following year. It is home to a congregation founded by German immigrants in 1843, the oldest extant Lutheran congregation in the city; many", "id": "19215936" }, { "contents": "Church of St Paul, Letchworth\n\n\nallow construction of the new church to begin, with the foundation stone being laid on 10 October 1923 by the Marchioness of Salisbury. Work on the first section of the building was completed including three and a half bays of the nave with arcades at the sides. This first section was consecrated by Michael Furse, the Bishop of St Albans on 3 May 1924. A tower was intended but was never built. By 1924 the church was becoming too small for its growing congregation and work on an extension began in early 1931,", "id": "1720772" }, { "contents": "Basilica of the Sacred Heart of Jesus, Syracuse\n\n\noriginal church was located across the street from the current structure. The first Mass in the new parish church was said on August 30, 1892, with the formal dedication taking place nearly a year later on June 11, 1893. The congregation outgrew the first church within a decade, and a decision was made to construct a new church. The foundations were built by parishioners in order to save money, and the cornerstone was laid in 1907. Work was completed in three years, and the church was completed and dedicated on", "id": "4119395" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n, side altars and pulpit are made entirely of oak wood and decorated with beautiful German woodcarvings. The church pews are also oak. A Mexican onyx and brass Communion rail was installed over the years and the floor of the sanctuary and aisles is made of black and white marble tiles. St. Stephen's is a fully active Roman Catholic Parish in the Diocese of Cleveland. This means that they have a full parish staff and church council. They have regular Sunday Masses as well as daily Masses. German Mass is offered every first", "id": "19215923" }, { "contents": "Roncesvalles, Toronto\n\n\nWomenpriests at the church. St. Casimir's Polish Roman Catholic Church at Garden Avenue, offers Polish masses on Sundays. Its origins begin in 1944 when the Oblate Mission decided to create the third Polish parish (and first in the west end) in Toronto. The lot on which the church stands today was purchased for $15,000 in 1948 and construction on the parish hall began the same year. The first mass was held in the church hall in 1949. The church was completed and officially began offering mass on May 23,", "id": "3040916" }, { "contents": "Rajavoor\n\n\nSt. Michael's Shrine which is located at the center part of Rajavoor. The annual feast starts on the first Friday of May with a flag hoisting followed by a ten-day Mass and adoration. The eighth, ninth and tenth days are marked with a car procession to St. Michael Archangel, carnival ended with High Mass in front of the Holy Cars. The Roman Catholics and parish are administered by the Kottar Diocese. Another notable church, Our Lady of Presentation (Kaanikkai Maathaa) Church is attached to the Rajavoor Parish as", "id": "4595849" }, { "contents": "Transfiguration Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nBaptist Church in the nearby suburb of Garfield Heights, Ohio, which had a large, new structure. In April 1943, Trinity Baptist Church sold its building to the Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland for $35,000 ($ in dollars). The Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland erected Transfiguration Parish on July 30, 1943. The parish was divided from nearby Immaculate Heart of Mary Church and Shrine Church of St. Stanislaus parishes. Reverend Joseph F. Zabawa was named the pastor of the new congregation, which took up residence in the Trinity", "id": "20542089" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Augustine (Larchmont, New York)\n\n\nThe Church of St. Augustine is a Roman Catholic church located in Larchmont, New York. The parish having been founded in 1892, the present Gothic Revival church building was constructed in 1928. With a growing number of Catholics living in Larchmont, New York—many of them domestic servants who attended Blessed Sacrament Church in New Rochelle or Most Holy Trinity Church in Mamaroneck—the Archbishop of New York, Michael Corrigan, created the parish of St. Augustine was created in 1892. The decision to establish a parish was motivated in part", "id": "19300736" }, { "contents": "St. Barbara Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Barbara Catholic Church () is a parish of the Roman Catholic Church in Cleveland, Ohio, within the Diocese of Cleveland. The parish church is located on Denison Ave. between West 16th St. and the southbound entrance to SR 176, in a part of the Brooklyn Centre neighborhood previously known in Polish as . The red brick parish church, designed by H.C. Gabele, is a local landmark. It is a GNIS named feature. The church, rectory and convent buildings are listed together as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. The", "id": "13695356" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\ntwo years the parishioners worshipped in a hotel before constructing a building at Fourth and Euclid downtown. A fire destroyed the structure before it was completed, but people throughout the city contributed funds to build a brick replacement in 1851. By the 1870s, the streets surrounding the church had become primarily commercial, so the vestry sold the building and rented halls while building the present church eastward on Euclid Avenue. Its placement amid the wealthy Millionaire's Row district soon caused it to become a symbol of the neighborhood. However, the membership", "id": "19215901" }, { "contents": "St Michael the Archangel Church, Chatham\n\n\nHeart Church in Luton. St Paulinus Church was built in 1788 as a Wesleyan Chapel. In 1892, it was bought by the local Catholic Church. Sacred Heart Church was built in 1949. On 26 June 1949, its foundation stone was laid by the parish priest of St Michael's Church. St Paulinus Church has one Sunday Mass at 9:00am. Sacred Heart Church also has one Sunday Mass, it is at 10:30am. St Michael's Church has four Sunday Masses: 6:30pm on Saturday and 9:30am, 11:00am and 6:00pm on", "id": "19228802" }, { "contents": "St Michael and All Angels Church, Kingaroy\n\n\n's construction. Architect Colin Deighton, who was assistant to John Hingeston Buckeridge, the Anglican Diocese of Brisbane Architect between 1887 and 1901, designed the church. Deighton designed a number of country churches and St Colomb's Anglican Church at Clayfield in Brisbane. The foundation stone of St Michael and All Angels Church was laid on 10 November 1910 by the Venerable Arthur Rivers, Archdeacon of Toowoomba. Construction of the building, which was to seat 250 worshippers, began in December 1910 and was completed in 1911. Its cost, including", "id": "3972006" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Catholic Church (Chicago)\n\n\nSt. Michael () is a church of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Chicago. The current church is located at E. 83rd Street and S. South Shore Drive in South Chicago, a neighborhood of Chicago, Illinois. It is a prime example of the so-called \"Polish Cathedral style\" of churches in both its opulence and grand scale. Along with Immaculate Conception, it is one of the two monumental Polish churches dominating over the South Chicago neighborhood. Founded in 1892 as a Polish parish in Chicago to relieve overcrowding at Immaculate", "id": "20616064" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nof St. Stephen's for 38 years. In 1873, Fr. Reichlin realized that a new church building was needed to accommodate the growing parish. The Cleveland-based architect firm called Cudell & Richardson was hired to build the structure that still stands today as St. Stephen's Roman Catholic Church. Due to economic depression in the mid-1870s, work on the new building was stopped. Parishioners mortgaged their own properties to raise funds for the new church. It was dedicated on November 20, 1881 by the second bishop of Cleveland,", "id": "19215919" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church, Madison\n\n\n1992, the parishes of St. Mary's and St. Michael's became one community of faith, with one priest, Father John Meyer, and two church buildings. Saturday night mass was held at St. Michael's for St. Michael's ‘parishioners,’ and on Sunday morning, mass was held at St. Mary's. In 1993, the area's two other Catholic Churches (St. Patrick's and St. Anthony's) were merged with St. Mary's-St. Michael's as well. St. Michael's had extensive roof damage", "id": "2385663" }, { "contents": "St. Michael's Church, Hildesheim\n\n\nin 1010 and dedicated the still unfinished building to Michael on the archangel's feast day, 29 September 1022, just a few weeks before his death. Construction, however, continued under his successor, Bishop Godehard (died 1038), who completed the work in 1031 and reconsecrated the church to Michael on September 29 of that year. The church has double choirs east and west, double tripartite transepts at either end of the nave, and six towers----two large ones over the crossings east and west, and four other tall and", "id": "721679" }, { "contents": "St. Augustine's Catholic Church (Napoleon, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Augustine's Catholic Church is a historic church in Napoleon, Ohio, United States. Located on the edge of the city's downtown, two blocks away from the Henry County Courthouse, the church is a prominent landmark in Napoleon. St. Augustine Parish was founded at some point between 1856 and 1858; its first priest was Michael Pietz. The parish was dedicated to St. Augustine in honor of Augustine Pilliod, who supervised the construction of its first building. This structure was replaced with the current church, which was built at", "id": "13450149" }, { "contents": "Saint Patrick's Church (Dubuque, Iowa)\n\n\nMcCabe was assigned as the first resident pastor. The cornerstone of the present brick church was laid in 1877, and the building dedicated on August 15, 1878. In 1928, the Rev. J.J. Hanley remodeled and enlarged the church. St. Patrick Church was originally built for service to the Irish settlers of Dubuque and while the parish has maintained a healthy respect for its Irish heritage over its many years of service, the parish now specializes in service to the Hispanic residents of Dubuque. The parish offers a Spanish Mass on Sundays,", "id": "20590874" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nsecond parish for German-speaking Catholics. In April 1869 the first bishop of Cleveland, Bishop Louis Amadeus Rappe, appointed Fr. Stephen Falk to have a two-story building built. The building would be used as a church on the upper level and a school on the lower level to accommodate the 200 families from St. Mary's that lived west of 44th Street. The newly ordained Fr. Casimir Reichlin became the first pastor and said the first Mass of the parish on May 1, 1870. He served as pastor", "id": "19215918" }, { "contents": "Immaculate Conception Catholic Church (Fulda, Ohio)\n\n\n. Construction began on a small church building under the ministry of the priest from Miltonsburg, and Archbishop Purcell of Cincinnati dedicated it in 1853. Ten years later, the parishioners constructed a parish school, and a rectory followed in 1866; its large size and pretentious architecture resulted in a high construction cost of $2,500. By this time, the original church building had become entirely inadequate for the needs of the congregation, and replacement plans were laid; the cornerstone was laid in May 1874, and Bishop Rosecrans of Columbus dedicated", "id": "19205436" }, { "contents": "St. Vitus's Church, Cleveland\n\n\nSt. Vitus is a parish of the Roman Catholic Church in Cleveland, Ohio, United States, in the Diocese of Cleveland. The parish church, located at 6019 Lausche Avenue in the St. Clair-Superior neighborhood, was completed in 1932. The first documented Slovenian to settle in the Cleveland area was Joseph Turk, who came about 1883, most likely from Carniola, and settled on Marble Avenue, near the steel mills. He helped organize the Catholic Slovenes in Cleveland, and requested that Bishop Richard Gilmour of Cleveland appoint a", "id": "916020" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Catholic Church (St. Patrick, Ohio)\n\n\nrectory in 1919 to house its pastor; before its construction, St. Patrick's was served by priests from St. Michael's Church in Fort Loramie to the southwest. In 1977, the church and rectory were recorded by the Ohio Historic Inventory for the purpose of historic preservation; both buildings were ranked in good condition without any significant risks. Two years later, they were listed together on the National Register of Historic Places, along with over thirty other buildings in the Land of the Cross-Tipped Churches. When these churches were", "id": "15760892" }, { "contents": "Cathedral of St Michael and St John\n\n\n. In that year work commenced on a permanent church building located on the corner of George and Keppel Streets. St Michael's Church was a Victorian Gothic style building constructed in brick. It was in use by 1841 but appears not to have been completed until 1846 when leadlight windows were installed. Bishop John Bede Polding (1794-1877), first Catholic Archbishop of Sydney, was interested in fostering the English Gothic style of architecture in his diocese. He arranged for plans for significant churches to be prepared by English architects including", "id": "17452035" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Cathedral, Thunder Bay\n\n\n. From there, St. Patrick's Church was one of many churches that was missioned to the First Nations in Northern Ontario, as well as St. Andrew's Church, which was handed over to the diocese in 1997. St. Patrick's was built in 1892, the same year as Thunder Bay was incorporated as a town. The foundation stone was laid on 10 October 1891, and the first Mass was celebrated on 21 August 1892. The Jesuit parish priests made plans for the construction of an elementary school later that decade.", "id": "14488629" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Catholic Church (Toledo, Ohio)\n\n\nfor use in a new building. Fr. Edward Hannin, pastor of St. Patrick's, set out to create \"the finest church in this part of the land,\" for his congregation and began to raise money for construction. When it was completed, St. Patrick's was considered one of the finest examples of Gothic Revival architecture in the United States. The exterior is constructed of Amherst blue sandstone and the interior contains ten red granite columns. The church was dedicated on April 13, 1901. The church underwent extensive", "id": "9145471" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Dayton, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Mary's Catholic Church is a historic Catholic church building in an eastern neighborhood of Dayton, Ohio, United States. Constructed at the beginning of the twentieth century, it remains home to an active parish. Its grand architecture has made it an aviator's landmark, and it has been named a historic site by the federal government. Emanuel Church, the first Catholic parish in Dayton, was formed in 1837. Many English-speaking families left to form a separate parish in 1846, but Emanuel continued growing to the point", "id": "19205373" }, { "contents": "Church of St. James the Less\n\n\nmission. Weekly celebration of Mass resumed on Sundays at 5:00 pm. The breakaway congregation now meets at the Holy Cross Catholic church and is known as the Church of Saint Michael the Archangel. During the controversy, the parish school closed circa 2006. As part of its mandate, Saint Mark's Church began a fundraising effort to open a new parish school to serve this local community. In 2009 and 2010, the St. Mark's congregation (together with St. Francis Episcopal Church in Potomac, Maryland) sponsored Vacation Bible School at", "id": "12322466" }, { "contents": "St. John's Evangelical Lutheran Church (Springfield, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. John's Evangelical Lutheran Church is a historic Lutheran church in downtown Springfield, Ohio, United States. Founded as a German-speaking parish in Springfield's early days, it grew rapidly during its first few decades, and its present large church building was constructed in the 1890s under the direction of one of Springfield's leading architects. The congregation remains in the landmark church building, which has been named a historic site. Springfield's first Lutheran congregation was organized in May 1841, and a separate group of German Lutherans began", "id": "18832000" }, { "contents": "St Michael and St John Church, Clitheroe\n\n\nGrade II listed building. In September 2008, the Jesuits handed the church over to the Diocese of Salford who continue to serve the parish. Two years later, the parish merged with St Mary Queen of Peace Church in Sabden to form the parish of Our Lady of the Valley. St Mary's was built in 1877 and it was made into a parish in 1909, so that the parishioners did not have to travel the sizeable distance to attend Mass in Clitheroe. The parish has two Sunday Masses at St Michael and St", "id": "5090732" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n. St. Paul's church building is one of just six Gothic Revival churches built in Cleveland during the 1870s that survived into the 1980s. At one time considered Cleveland's grandest and largest church, it is distinguished by the unusual architecture of the peak of the bell tower, and the open interior features extensive detailing, along with seating for one thousand worshippers. Covered with sandstone from Berea, the building was a work of Gordon W. Lloyd, a Detroit architect who also produced grand churches in Ohio cities of various sizes, ranging", "id": "19215903" }, { "contents": "St. Aloysius' Catholic Church (Carthagena, Ohio)\n\n\nerected in 1865. In their earliest years, the people worshipped in the chapel of the adjacent St. Charles Seminary. Throughout its history, the church has been significantly influenced by the seminary, which trained the priests of the Missionaries of the Precious Blood and provided pastors for the church. As its membership grew, the parish decided to construct a church building. Plans were laid and construction began in 1875; the cornerstone was laid in May 1877, and the church was consecrated on June 30, 1878; the parishioners had performed", "id": "20255448" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Church (Monroe, Michigan)\n\n\nto come. St. Michael Church is located along the River Raisin on West Front Street in the city of Monroe, MI. The 183 foot steeple isn't hard to miss. When you come into Monroe you can easily see St. Michael's A tradition at St. Michael Church is the parish prayer. It is said before the beginning of every mass. It reads: \"Lord, God, we glorify Your holy name and thank you for calling us, the people of Saint Michael the Archangel Parish, to be one in", "id": "12346363" }, { "contents": "St Michael and All Angels Church, Barton Turf\n\n\nSt Michael and All Angels is the Church of England parish church of Barton Turf in the county of Norfolk in England. See Inside here. It stands about a kilometre south-west of the village in the midst of a plantation of trees. Particularly notable for its surviving paintings, the church is listed with Grade I. The building was at first constructed in rather an undistinguished Perpendicular style, possessing a tower at the west end of the church. The church is best known for the twelve panels of its late-Gothic rood", "id": "15249529" }, { "contents": "St Michael and All Angels' Church, Haworth\n\n\nSt Michael and All Angels' Church is the Church of England parish church of Haworth, West Yorkshire. The current structure, the third church building on the site, was built between 1879 and 1881 although parts of the original medieval church building, notably the tower, survive from earlier periods. The church is best known for its historic association with the Brontë sisters whose father Revd. Patrick Brontë served as minister of the parish between 1820 and 1861. A chapel has existed on the site since 1488, though records held at", "id": "17201346" }, { "contents": "St. Peter Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Peter Church (), is a Catholic parish church in Cleveland, Ohio and part of the Diocese of Cleveland. Founded in , it is located at the intersection of Superior Ave. near East 17th St., in the Downtown neighborhood. The church is a longstanding city landmark; George Francis Houck, then the Chancellor, wrote in 1903 that, \"One of the landmarks of the city and Diocese of Cleveland is St. Peter's Church.\" It is listed as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. It is also a named", "id": "13925952" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Church (Monroe, Michigan)\n\n\n. It was used as a church on the first floor and on the second it was used for the school. Later it would only be used as St. Michael School. Then in 1866 the cornerstone for the present church was laid. The large 187 foot steeple wasn't added until 1883. In 1874 the 3-story rectory was built east of the church. In 1918 the parish built the present building of St. Michael School which is now a part of Monroe Catholic Elementary Schools. The movement to establish the parish started in 1845", "id": "12346356" }, { "contents": "St. Casimir Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nRichard Gilmour for permission to form a new parish and build a church for their own use. In December 1891, Monsignor Felix Boff, V.G., administrator of the diocese, granted the required permission. Those parishioners left to form St. Casimir Church in 1891. The parish was founded in 1891 — about 44 years after the Diocese of Cleveland was erected by Pope Pius IX. In December, 1891, Boff appointed Father Benedict Rosinski, pastor of St. Adalbert's, Berea, Ohio, to take charge of the mission. On", "id": "12488231" }, { "contents": "St James' Church, Forest Gate\n\n\nSt James' Church, Forest Gate was a church in Forest Gate, east London. Its origins lay in an iron building constructed around 1870 to serve a conventional district. A parish was formed for it in 1881 from those of Emmanuel Church, All Saints and St John's and its permanent church completed the following year, with an organ moved from St Matthew's Church, Friday Street. The church was demolished in 1964 and for two years its congregation worshiped in the Durning Hall Community Centre's chapel until the parish was", "id": "17208906" }, { "contents": "North Presbyterian Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nNorth Presbyterian Church is a historic Presbyterian church on the east side of Cleveland, Ohio, United States. Constructed in the 1880s, the church building has been named a historic site. Throughout its history, the congregation has been focused on Sunday school work. North Presbyterian Church developed out of a mission Sunday school established in east-side Cleveland in 1859. The local presbytery organized a congregation out of the Sunday school in 1867, and within a short while, the new congregation formed the first of two mission Sunday schools in", "id": "19215693" }, { "contents": "St. Vitus's Church, Cleveland\n\n\nVitus to work on the interior. It was finished for the centennial celebration of the parish later that year. St. Vitus remains a strong parish, but Fr. Božnar works with Bishop Lennon's programs to cluster parishes in order to increase strength for inner-city parishes. The church building of St. Vitus itself is constructed in the Lombard-Roman style with pale yellow Falston brick. It is 141 feet long and 100 feet wide with an attached parish house on its west side. Its two Romanesque bell towers reach 110 feet", "id": "916027" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Michael (St. Michael, Minnesota)\n\n\nof the church came from Saint John's Abbey in Collegeville. In 1866 a new church was built in the center of the town and served for about 25 years. In 1890 the parish built a Gothic Revival building, which was the largest church in Wright County at the time. The building features ornate statues and German woodcarvings. Although the parish had a mostly German ethnicity for many years, since 1985 the number of families in the parish doubled, and it no longer appears to be an ethnic parish. In 2004 the", "id": "1327870" }, { "contents": "St. Thomas Church (Underhill, Vermont)\n\n\nSt. Thomas Church is a Roman Catholic church in the Town of Underhill, Vermont in the United States, located in the unincorporated village of \"Underhill Center\". The church was built from 1891-92 after its predecessor had burned down on 19 December 1890. The cornerstone for the current St. Thomas Church building was laid on 12 August 1891 at an event that had an estimated 1,000 attendees. Although the construction period spanned from 1 May 1891 until December 1892, the first Mass was nevertheless held in the basement of the church", "id": "6739395" }, { "contents": "St. William Parish (Lawncrest)\n\n\n1950s and 60's, saw many changes come to the physical plant of the Parish that reflected the housing boom of the area, the economic upswing of the times and the growing parish population. Many of the original \"Motley Buildings\" were completely replaced. The Middle School (Junior High/Upper School) building was built and later an additional floor was added. When consideration was had for the completion of the Upper Church, it was found that the basement church was not structurally sufficient to support additional construction. In 1955", "id": "10364503" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Michael the Archangel, Katowice\n\n\nChurch of St. Michael Archangel () is one of the oldest buildings in Katowice. It's located in Kościuszko Park, where it was moved in 1938 from the village Syrynia, where it was originally constructed in 1510. It is under the invocation of St. Michael. It has end-fitted log framework construction and shingled roof. Free-standing belltower was completed before 1679; it has historic lych-gate and wooden fence around the churchyard. The church of St. Michael Archangel was first built in 1305 in Syrynia, near", "id": "21359049" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Catholic Church (St. Patrick, Ohio)\n\n\n's was closely connected to many other churches in western Ohio: wide areas of western Ohio that were primarily settled by Catholics feature large churches at sparsely-populated crossroads. While most of these churches are constructed in the Gothic Revival style of architecture, some of the newer churches of the region — including St. Patrick's — appear in a variety of styles; St. Patrick's was one of the few that lacked the high steeples of the Gothic Revival structures. The leading role of these churches in western Shelby County and the lands", "id": "15760890" }, { "contents": "St Michael's Roman Catholic Church, Linlithgow\n\n\nchildren the congregation capitalised on the spirit of cooperation and community and set out to build a school. Located on a site next to the church St. Joseph's school was opened on 1 July 1889 and served the children of the parish until 1964 when new premises were occupied at Preston Road. Although during this time Fr Easson had replaced Fr Murphy as parish priest there was no change of emphasis and all the parish energies were engaged in the effort to complete the church building programme. Plans to double the size of the church were", "id": "17679127" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Delaware, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Mary's Catholic Church is a historic Catholic parish church in the city of Delaware, Ohio, United States. Constructed in the 1880s, this grand building is home to a congregation established in the middle of the nineteenth century. Its grand style has long made it a community landmark, and it was named a historic landmark in 1980. Delaware's first Masses were celebrated by travelling priests in the homes of the city's few Catholics, most of whom were Irish or German immigrants. The members built the first St. Mary", "id": "2642749" }, { "contents": "Church of the Resurrection (Rye, New York)\n\n\nin 1881 at the intersection of Purchase Street and the Boston Post Road, where services were then offered. The parish was incorporated on January 29, 1886, and title to the property was transferred from the archdiocese to the parish itself. A new church building was completed in 1889 on Purchase Street, while the former building was used as the rectory. Thereafter, construction of a parochial school on the Boston Post Road began in 1906 and was completed two years later. With the number of parishioners growing, the church purchased land", "id": "19300829" }, { "contents": "Near North Side, Chicago\n\n\n, most of this area was an enclave to the first emigrants from Puerto Rico to Chicago, who referred to it as part of \"La Clark\" until commercialization decorated late 1960s shop signs with the name of Old Town. The neighborhood is home to St. Michael's Church, originally built to serve German immigrants, and one of only 7 to survive the great Chicago fire. St. Michael's, Holy Name Cathedral, Immaculate Conception, and St. Joseph's Catholic churches all catered to Latinos with a Mass in Spanish. Many", "id": "1540930" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Massillon, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Mary's Catholic Church is a historic Catholic church building in the city of Massillon, Ohio, United States. Constructed in 1876 for a congregation composed largely of European immigrants, it has been named a historic site. The origins of St. Mary parish lie among numerous Germans and Irish who settled in Massillon in its early years and built a small house of worship on Cherry Road in the 1840s. This building stood until 1875, when it was destroyed so that the present church might occupy its location; it was built in", "id": "19205828" }, { "contents": "St. Anne Church (Berlin, New Hampshire)\n\n\nSt. Anne Church is a historic church at 58 Church Street in Berlin, New Hampshire, United States. It is the church for Good Shepherd Parish within the Roman Catholic Diocese of Manchester. St. Anne Parish was founded in 1867, and was Berlin's first Roman Catholic congregation. It was merged with Guardian Angel Parish, St. Joseph Parish, and St. Kieran Parish in 2000 to form Good Shepherd Parish. Its building, constructed in 1900, is an important local example of Romanesque architecture, and was listed on the National Register", "id": "2452362" }, { "contents": "St. Peter Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n, put up by Luhr, was torn down and replaced by a large pastoral residence adjoining the rear of the church, at a cost of $12,000. In the same year a third story was added to St. Peter's school building, and arranged for a parish hall, containing a stage and other conveniences, at a cost of $10,000. In the synod of January 3, 1889, St. Peter's congregation was the first mentioned among the nine principal churches of the diocese which Gilmour named as rectorates, with an", "id": "13925965" }, { "contents": "Trinity Cathedral (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nfirst church building built within the village limits of Cleveland. In 1846, to meet the needs of a growing parish, plans for a larger, centralized building just east of Public Square commenced. The congregation moved into the larger stone structure in the Gothic style on Superior Avenue in 1855. In 1890, Trinity Church was offered to Bishop William A. Leonard for use as a cathedral for the Diocese of Ohio. The congregation would maintain the building and it would serve dual roles as the parish church and cathedral for the diocese.", "id": "19215933" }, { "contents": "St. Andrew's Cathedral (Jackson, Mississippi)\n\n\nat the time that was not located along the Mississippi River. Its church was burned by the Union Army during the American Civil War in 1863. The cornerstone for the second church was laid by the Rt. Rev. William Mercer Green in 1869. By the turn of the Twentieth Century the congregation had outgrown its church building and the present structure was completed in 1903. The Parish House was constructed between 1923 and 1924. The congregation continued to grow and the building along West Street was built in 1955. The bishop moved his", "id": "20556538" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Evansville, Indiana)\n\n\nservice in the first church building was held on April 15, 1883. While construction ensued, a congregant and frequent benefactor, Charles Viele, offered the use of Viele Hall (located on 2nd street between Main and Sycamore streets) to St. Paul's parish. The cornerstone for new St. Paul's was laid on September 3, 1883, and construction completed on March 2, 1886 with Bishop D.B. Knickerbacker consecrating the new building. Charles and Mary Viele continued to sponsor further construction on the church grounds - first with a rectory", "id": "20407572" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Church (Monroe, Michigan)\n\n\nSaint Michael the Archangel Church (St. Michael Church) is located on the west side of the city of Monroe, Michigan along the River Raisin. It is home to 1,200 families and it is one of most important religious institutes in Monroe County. It was founded in the year 1852. The present building was built from 1866-1867. It is in the Archdiocese of Detroit. Its current priest is Rev. Phillip Ching. When the parish was first established, the mayor of Monroe palatial residence was remodeled as a temporary church", "id": "12346355" }, { "contents": "St. Mary Congregational Church\n\n\nSt. Mary Congregational Church in Abbeville, Louisiana is the oldest incorporated, predominantly African-American church in Vermilion Parish. Its historic Gothic Revival style church at 213 S. Louisiana Avenue, constructed in 1905 to replace a previous building, was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1999. American Missionary Association records show the congregation dates to at least 1877. The structure is a three-bay, gable-fronted church with a prominent corner tower. The tower is three-stage and square. The church is currently non", "id": "17676536" }, { "contents": "St. Charles of the Valley Catholic Church and Rectory\n\n\nSt. Charles Borromeo Church is a Catholic parish in Hailey, Idaho, in the Diocese of Boise. Its historic parish church and rectory complex, located at Pine and S. 1st Streets, is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Fr. E.M. Nattini began ministering in the Wood River Valley in the 1880s. The population was growing rapidly, and he was soon able to raise funds for the construction of the first church of St. Charles, which began June 17, 1883. It was the first Catholic church ineast of", "id": "20581174" }, { "contents": "Sacred Heart Catholic Church (Dayton, Ohio)\n\n\nprompted some of the members to leave in July 1883 and establish Sacred Heart Church; under the leadership of St. Joseph's associate pastor Hugh McDevitt, the congregation rented a meeting hall while waiting for the construction of their building. Land for the present church was purchased for $19,000, and William Henry Elder laid the cornerstone in June 1888. Exterior work was completed in the following year, and by 1893 construction was close enough to completion that the congregation could begin worshipping in their building. The building was consecrated by Bishop Maes", "id": "22206155" }, { "contents": "St. Vincent de Paul Church (Pontiac, Michigan)\n\n\n. The church continued to grow, and in the 1880s, the Reverend Fridolin Baumgartner began raising funds for the construction of the present church. The congregation hired the Detroit architecture firm of Donaldson & Meier to design the church, and the cornerstone was laid on September 6, 1885. The church was dedicated two years later, on September 18, 1887. A 6600-pound bell was installed in the church in 1890. A rectory was constructed in 1895, a school building was added in 1897, and a parish hall in 1911", "id": "19268922" }, { "contents": "St. Boniface Roman Catholic Church\n\n\npopulation on the west side. In 1873, a two-story, red brick Italianate rectory building was built for the parish at a cost of $6,000. A stone church building was planned by the prominent local architect William M. Scott, and construction was completed in 1883 at a cost of $30,000. The parish was closed in 1989, and the building was demolished a few years later. St. Boniface Church was an eclectic example of Romanesque Revival and Ruskinian Gothic architecture. It was built in a cruciform shape from red", "id": "9736494" } ]

[ { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nchurch congregation reached its peak size in the 1950, when only 25% of the parishioners were of German descent. The first Spanish Mass was said in 1971 for the growing number of Hispanic parishioners. The congregation now is mostly Latin American. The church now offers Masses in both English and Spanish. An annual Good Friday Procession begins or ends at St. Michael's. St Michael's and La Sagrada Familia church alternate every year to begin or end at one of the two churches. There is a stop at St Patrick's", "id": "19125747" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nwhile the new building was under construction. The current church, which had its cornerstone laid in 1889, was completed five years ahead of schedule in 1892. The church building is considered a good example of High Victorian Gothic architecture with its two towers of unequal height, the taller of which rises , and three archways. An architecturally notable school adjacent to the church began construction in 1906 and was completed in 1907. For many years the church was one of the most costly and artistically notable churches in the Cleveland Diocese. The", "id": "19125746" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Michael the Archangel is a Roman Catholic church located at 3114 Scranton Road in the Clark-Fulton neighborhood on the west side of Cleveland, Ohio. The church is named in honor of St. Michael the Archangel and was completed in 1892. The congregation was founded in 1881 as a mission of Ohio City, Cleveland's St. Mary's on-the-Flats to serve a growing German immigrant population on Cleveland's west side. The original church and school building were constructed in 1883 but burned on June 29, 1891,", "id": "19125745" }, { "contents": "St. John's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n's. Trinity Cathedral is now the seat of the Episcopal Diocese of Ohio. St. John's was also the mother church to several of the west side parishes. In 1837, the Ohio City Directory described the church as follows, \"The Episcopal Church, which is not yet finished, is built of hammered stone, and has a lofty steeple. Its style of architecture is Gothic, resembling that of the ancient and venerable Cathedral. This building, when finished, will be one of the best of the kind in the", "id": "18742416" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cincinnati, Ohio)\n\n\n1847. The cornerstone was laid August 1, 1847 and the church dedicated June 4, 1848. Rev. Fr. Zoppoth was selected as the first pastor for the congregation. In 1868 St. Michael Church became the mother parish to St. Lawrence Church which was organized that same year. The Comboni Missionaries took charge of the parish in 1964. By this time many of the German-speaking families in the parish had begun to move to other parts of the city. In a mass celebrated by Daniel Edward Pilarczyk the church building was", "id": "11338583" }, { "contents": "St. Columba Cathedral (Youngstown, Ohio)\n\n\nThe first Mass celebrated in Youngstown occurred in 1826. St. Columba Parish was founded in 1847, the year that Pope Pius IX established the Diocese of Cleveland, of which Youngstown was a part. The first church was completed in 1850. As the parish grew, it required a larger church, which it completed in 1868. The first parish school building was opened three years later. The parish continued to grow and constructed yet another church which opened in 1897. Bishop Ignatius Horstmann consecrated the sanctuary in 1903. The parish added", "id": "13619245" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Stephen Church is a Roman Catholic church located in the Detroit-Shoreway neighborhood on the west side of Cleveland, Ohio. The gothic style building was designed by architects Cudell & Richardson. The current church was built in 1875 and was added into the National Register of Historic Places in 1977. St. Stephen Roman Catholic Church was founded in 1869 due to a need for a second German parish on the west side of Cleveland. The first German parish, St. Mary's, increased so much that Cleveland was in need of a", "id": "19215917" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cincinnati, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Michael the Archangel Church is a Roman Catholic church located at 2110 St. Michael Street, in Cincinnati, Ohio. The cornerstone of this church was laid in 1847 and the church dedicated a year later. The church closed April 5, 1998. As the tide of German immigrants continued to rise in Cincinnati, more churches were needed. Holy Trinity Church was the first German speaking parish. As the city grew in three directions; north, east and west; there were three parishes which descended from that parish Old St. Mary", "id": "11338581" }, { "contents": "St. John's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. John's Episcopal Church is located at 2600 Church Avenue in the Ohio City neighborhood of Cleveland, Ohio. St. John's is the oldest consecrated building in Cuyahoga county. This stone gothic revival church building was designed by Hezekiah Eldredge and built beginning in 1836 and was completed 1838. Eldridge was probably familiar with John Henry Hopkins' \"An Essay on Gothic Architecture\", the first book on Gothic ecclesiastical architecture to be published in the United States. St. John's is a good representative of a small group of American churches", "id": "18742414" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland Heights, Ohio)\n\n\nFairmount Blvd, it is a contributing property in the Fairmount Boulevard District, which is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. St. Paul's was first established in the city of Cleveland, Ohio on October 26, 1846. The congregation did not have its own building until 1851, as a frame building completed in 1849 burned completely. A small brick church in the Gothic Revival style was completed for the parish at Euclid and Sheriff (East 4th) Streets by 1858. St. Paul's congregation outgrew the church, however", "id": "18644038" }, { "contents": "Irvington, Baltimore\n\n\nPassion\", marking the beginning of St. Joseph's Monastery Parish. Construction of a new, larger church began in 1881 and was completed in 1883. Its cornerstone was placed by Cardinal James Gibbons. The original monastery, beside the church, burned down in 1883. A new monastery was completed in 1886. The monastery chapel is extant and contains an 1887 Niemann pipe organ. The congregation of St. Joseph's Monastery Parish outgrew their church building in the following century. In 1931, Archbishop Michael Joseph Curley placed the cornerstone for", "id": "5906170" }, { "contents": "St. Theodosius Russian Orthodox Cathedral\n\n\nSt. Theodosius Cathedral is an Orthodox church located on Starkweather Avenue in the Tremont neighborhood, on the near west side of Cleveland, Ohio. It is considered one of the best examples of Russian church architecture in the U.S. and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The parish is the first Orthodox parish in Cleveland and is currently under the jurisdiction of the Diocese of the Midwest of the Orthodox Church in America. St. Theodosius is perhaps best known for its appearance in the 1978 film, \"The Deer Hunter\" with", "id": "13141384" }, { "contents": "St. Casimir Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nBoth the church building and the school building are GNIS named features. The church building is listed as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. To provide properly for the large and steadily increasing number of Poles in the north-eastern part of Cleveland it was necessary to organize them into the third Polish congregation within the limits of the city. They lived too far away from St. Stanislaus Church, with which they had been affiliated, for them to conveniently either attend Mass or for their children to attend the parish school. They therefore petitioned Bishop", "id": "12488230" }, { "contents": "St. Henry's Catholic Church (Harriettsville, Ohio)\n\n\nChurch in Fulda in order to hear Mass. Virtually all of the members in the early decades were Germans or of German descent. A parish school was formed in the late 1870s, and in its first twenty years, the parish grew fourfold in membership. This growth caused the original church building to be too small: land for a new building was purchased in 1879, and construction finished in 1894. St. Henry's Church is a stone building in the Gothic Revival style; the most prominent component is a multi-story tower", "id": "19205430" }, { "contents": "St. Michael's Church, Old Town, Chicago\n\n\nSt. Michael's Church in the Old Town neighborhood of Chicago is a Roman Catholic church staffed by the Redemptorist order of priests. The parish was founded to minister to German Catholic immigrants in 1852 with its first wooden church completed that year at a cost of $750 (including the bell). The building stands at the intersection of Eugenie Street and Cleveland Avenue. The church was built as a haven for German immigrants who were outcasts in Old Chicago. In addition, the town's main church, St. Joseph's Church,", "id": "10838314" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church (Cincinnati, Ohio)\n\n\n's Church, St. Philomena's Church and St. Joseph's Church. The three parishes were founded in 1840, 1846 and 1846 respectively. As more immigration followed, St. Michael's was founded, the first filial parish of St. Joseph. The parish was located to what was then called Storrs Township. Forty-five persons organized themselves into a congregation in the early part of 1847 and drew up a constitution for the church A lot was donated by Innocent Troenle and two additional adjacent pieces of property were bought in April and May", "id": "11338582" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Michael and St. Anthony\n\n\ntoday to mostly Poles and Italians. The church has also been noted for its Byzantine Revival architecture, complete with a dome and minaret-styled tower, making it \"one of the more unique examples of church architecture in Montréal.\" Construction on the Church of St. Michael the Archangel began in 1914, for what would grow to become the largest anglophone parish in Montreal. After a brief delay following the commencement of World War I, the church was completed in 1915 at a cost of $232,000, with a capacity of", "id": "10850773" }, { "contents": "Zion Lutheran Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nother Cleveland-area Lutheran congregations, including Trinity Lutheran Church, are Zion's daughters. The original church building was located downtown, but the east-side German community was strong enough by 1902 that the congregation deemed Prospect Avenue a better location for serving the community. From its earliest years, the congregation had sponsored a school; Zion Lutheran School was founded in 1848, at which time all scholars were instructed in German. The school moved to Prospect Avenue ahead of the church; the present building was completed in 1903,", "id": "19215937" }, { "contents": "St. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\non their behalf with papal authorities, and Charles Boehm of Hungary settled in Cleveland in late 1892 to serve the new St. Elizabeth parish, the first Hungarian nationality parish in America. Boehm immediately began registering members and advocating for the construction of a church complex; the first church building, a brick structure, was erected by the end of 1893, a school soon followed, and a larger school was completed in 1900 because of expanded enrollment. He also began a Hungarian-language parish newspaper that soon gained subscribers in other parts", "id": "19215854" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church, Madison\n\n\ndying Catholics (he was a doctor as well). Costigan is believed to have been the Catholic architect of the church. Costigan was only recorded as being a member of the parish during the construction, but details of the church building mirror his other buildings in Madison. In December 1839 St. Michael the Archangel Catholic Church was completed. As the City of Madison grew, so did its Catholic population. German–Catholics had increased highly in numbers and had formed a separate congregation within St. Michael's. In 1850, the", "id": "2385658" }, { "contents": "Pilgrim Congregational Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nonly a short time, as construction on the present building was started just 23 years after the first building was finished. The name \"Pilgrim Congregational Church\" was adopted in 1894 upon the completion of the present building; they had been styled \"Heights Congregational Church\" into the 1870s and used the name \"Jennings Avenue Congregational Church\" in the 1880s. The building was a community landmark from its earliest years — electric wiring was included in the original construction at a time when no other Cleveland buildings west of the Cuyahoga River", "id": "19215839" }, { "contents": "St. Monica Church (Manhattan)\n\n\nin 1880 he began conducting Mass over a feed store at 404 East 78th Street. The following year, he purchased land for the construction of the church and school. Construction of the first church building was completed in 1883. In 1892, the address was listed as 409 E 79th Street. The Rev. John J. Boyle served as acting rector at St. Monica's before becoming the founding pastor of St. Luke's Church (Bronx, New York). The current Gothic Revival church building was erected in 1906 to the designs of", "id": "18565781" }, { "contents": "Annunciation Church (historic) (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nAnnunciation Church (historic) (), was a Catholic parish church in Cleveland, Ohio and part of the Diocese of Cleveland. It was located at the intersection of Hurd St. and Moore St., now part of the West Side Market parking lot, in the Ohio City neighborhood. The location where the church once stood can be found, in an 1881 atlas, at the south-west corner of Hurd St. and Moore St., on the west bank of the Cuyahoga river above part of the Flats historically known as Ox", "id": "14549709" }, { "contents": "Sacred Heart of Jesus Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n. Between 1885 and 1889 a large number of Poles settled in South Cleveland, in the area of East 71st St. and Harvard Ave. They lived too far away from St. Stanislaus church for them to conveniently either attend Mass or for their children to attend the parish school. They petitioned Bishop Richard Gilmour for permission to form a new parish and build a church for their own use. The petition to form a new parish and build a church was granted, and the parish was founded in  — about 42 years after the Diocese", "id": "12287909" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland Heights, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Paul's Episcopal Church is a parish of the Episcopal Church in Cleveland Heights, Ohio. The current rector is the Rev. Jeanne Leinbach, installed on October 23, 2015. She is the first female rector of St. Paul's. Her predecessor was the Rev. Alan M. Gates, who served from 2004-2014, before his election as Bishop of Massachusetts. St. Paul's is a leading church and has the largest congregation in the Episcopal Diocese of Ohio. The church building is a Cleveland Heights landmark. Located at 2747", "id": "18644037" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nRev. Richard Gilmour. Volunteer German and Hungarian woodworkers completed the interior of the church. Over the next 40 years, the parish added a rectory, convent for the Sisters of Notre Dame and two school buildings including one for and an all girls two-year high school which opened in 1905. After World War II, St. Stephen's parish experienced unprecedented growth due to the population growth in Cleveland and throughout the country. On June 8, 1953 a tornado severely damaged the church structure. Work to restore the building began immediately", "id": "19215920" }, { "contents": "Cathedral of St. John the Evangelist (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nstyle and the Bishop laid the cornerstone October 22, 1848. Until the new building was completed in 1852, St. Mary's served as cathedral for the diocese. At the time of its completion, the new cathedral was the well beyond Cleveland's Public Square. Alterations and additions began on the church almost as soon as the initial construction was complete. In 1857, a boys' school was added and within ten years, it was joined by a parish hall and girls' school. In 1879, the parish raised sufficient", "id": "10656550" }, { "contents": "St. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nthe present building. Although the cornerstone was laid in 1918, the construction process was lengthy, and it was finally completed only in 1922. Built primarily of limestone, according to a design of Cleveland architect Emile Uhlrich, the church is an example of Italian-influenced Baroque Revival architecture, partly modelled after the church of Sant'Agnese in Agone in Rome. Two great towers, topped with cupolas, form the ends of the facade, while a great rose window sits in the middle section of the facade high above the main entrance", "id": "19215857" }, { "contents": "St. Nicholas' Catholic Church (Osgood, Ohio)\n\n\nnearby villages; St. Augustine's Church in Minster and St. Michael's Church in Fort Loramie were established by 1850, but the foundations of a parish in Osgood were not laid until 1904, and formal establishment of the parish came in 1906. In its earliest years, the Mass was celebrated in common buildings; after worshipping for a time in a school, the parishioners purchased a barn for ecclesiastical purposes. For many years, the improvement of the parish's facilities was hindered by its size; the fewness of its members meant", "id": "421917" }, { "contents": "Union–Miles Park\n\n\na congregation for African Americans, was founded 1914, and erected its first church building and school in 1916 at what is now Union Avenue and Martin Luther King Drive. The congregation that formed Archangel Michael Orthodox Church ( St. Michael's Orthodox Church) split from St. John the Baptist Orthodox Church in 1921. It began construction of its new church home at 10000 Union Avenue in April 1924, completing the structure in 1926. Although the long-standing Cataract House closed in 1917, the first Union–Miles Park movie theater,", "id": "20793486" }, { "contents": "St. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church is a historic Roman Catholic church in the Buckeye Road neighborhood on the east side of Cleveland, Ohio, United States. The earliest ethnic parish established for Hungarians in the United States, its present building was constructed in the early twentieth century, and it has been named a historic site. Cleveland's first Hungarian Catholics initially worshipped at St. Ladislaus' Church, an east-side Slovakian parish, but ethnic strife and increasing immigration prompted the Hungarian community to seek their own parish. Bishop Horstmann interceded", "id": "19215853" }, { "contents": "Sacred Heart of Jesus Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSacred Heart of Jesus (), was a Catholic parish church in Cleveland, Ohio and part of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland. It was located at the north-west corner of intersection of East 71st St. and Kazimier St., in a part of the South Broadway neighborhood previously known in Polish as \"\" and nicknamed \"Goosetown\". Both the church building and the school building are GNIS named features. The church, school, and rectory buildings are listed together as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. The church was closed", "id": "12287908" }, { "contents": "St. Mary Mother of the Redeemer Church (Norwalk, Ohio)\n\n\nSaint Mary Mother of the Redeemer Church is a parish in the Roman Catholic Diocese of Toledo. The current church is located at 38 W. League Street, Norwalk, Ohio. Construction on the building began on May 29, 1889, and was completed in 1894. The church was previously twinned with St. Alphonsus in Peru, Ohio, but was later twinned with St. Anthony in Milan, Ohio, after a mass restructuring of the diocese. The Century House was a name given to several buildings, now all demolished, within the", "id": "21671394" }, { "contents": "Pilgrim Congregational Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nPilgrim Congregational Church is a historic congregation of the United Church of Christ in Cleveland, Ohio, United States. Constructed in the 1890s for a congregation founded in the 1850s, it was named a historic site in the 1970s. Congregationalists began operating a Sunday school in Cleveland's Tremont neighborhood in 1854, and their efforts resulted in the creation of a church five years later. The members began construction of their first church building in 1865, although it was not completed until 1870. It was suitable for the congregation's needs for", "id": "19215838" }, { "contents": "Sidney Mason Stone\n\n\n; St. Patrick's Church, New Haven (1853) constructed of East Haven sandstone;First Congregational Church, Naugatuck, CT (1855) and Wooster Place Congregational Church, Wooster Square, New Haven (1855) (now the Church of St. Michael) the original design for which featured a Corinthian portico and tall steeple. In \"New Haven: A Guide to Architecture and Urban Design\", Brown remarks on St. Michael's, “The building has burned twice, the steeple blown down once...Only the side walls and tall", "id": "165241" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Dayton, Ohio)\n\n\ncentury, the parish had outgrown it, and construction began on a new building; Archbishop Moeller laid the cornerstone in July 1905 and consecrated it in November 1906. Growth continued, and St. Anthony's Church was established in 1913 by families coming out of St. Mary's. St. Mary's remains an active part of the Archdiocese of Cincinnati to the present day. Masses are celebrated both in English and in Spanish. The current St. Mary's Church is a Romanesque Revival structure built in a mix of brick and stone. Constructed", "id": "19205375" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Indianapolis, Indiana)\n\n\nuntil the Diocese of Indianapolis established Holy Rosary Catholic Church, an Italian national parish in Indianapolis in 1911. After the turn of the century, when the neighborhood become commercial, the parish purchased property at New Jersey and Vermont streets, where they built the present church, which was under construction from 1910 to 1912. St. Mary's adapted to its changing ethnic neighborhood over the years. In 1967, as the city's Spanish-speaking community began to grow, the parish began offering Sunday mass in Spanish. German-language", "id": "3660949" }, { "contents": "St. John's Catholic Church (Fryburg, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. John Catholic Church is a Roman Catholic church in the unincorporated community of Fryburg in Pusheta Township, Auglaize County, Ohio, United States. The parish was established in 1848, the same year in which the community was platted, and construction was completed in 1850. A Catholic school in connection with the church was established in 1877. Both buildings feature fine architecture: the church includes Gothic Revival elements such as ornate pilasters and lancet windows, while the former school is a good example of Federal architecture. St. John's is", "id": "11283325" }, { "contents": "St. Augustine Parish (Hartford, Connecticut)\n\n\nSt. Augustine Parish is a Roman Catholic parish located in Hartford, Connecticut. In addition to a church, the parish also administers a school, St. Augustine School. St. Augustine Parish was established in August 1902 with Fr. Michael Barry appointed as its first pastor. At that time, a church building had not yet been constructed so mass was offered at the Washington Street School until a basement chapel was completed in 1903. The current Romanesque-style church was completed in 1912 and dedicated by Bishop John J. Nilan of the then", "id": "21104070" }, { "contents": "Zion Lutheran Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nFirst Methodist, Trinity Cathedral, and St. Paul's Episcopal Church on Euclid Avenue. This condition persisted into the mid-1910s, at which point the neighborhood transitioned into a largely commercial area. Beginning after 1930, the neighborhood deteriorated as many buildings were demolished, often to create room for parking lots. In such an environment Zion Lutheran Church was constructed in 1902 and opened for public use in the following year. It is home to a congregation founded by German immigrants in 1843, the oldest extant Lutheran congregation in the city; many", "id": "19215936" }, { "contents": "Church of St Paul, Letchworth\n\n\nallow construction of the new church to begin, with the foundation stone being laid on 10 October 1923 by the Marchioness of Salisbury. Work on the first section of the building was completed including three and a half bays of the nave with arcades at the sides. This first section was consecrated by Michael Furse, the Bishop of St Albans on 3 May 1924. A tower was intended but was never built. By 1924 the church was becoming too small for its growing congregation and work on an extension began in early 1931,", "id": "1720772" }, { "contents": "Basilica of the Sacred Heart of Jesus, Syracuse\n\n\noriginal church was located across the street from the current structure. The first Mass in the new parish church was said on August 30, 1892, with the formal dedication taking place nearly a year later on June 11, 1893. The congregation outgrew the first church within a decade, and a decision was made to construct a new church. The foundations were built by parishioners in order to save money, and the cornerstone was laid in 1907. Work was completed in three years, and the church was completed and dedicated on", "id": "4119395" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n, side altars and pulpit are made entirely of oak wood and decorated with beautiful German woodcarvings. The church pews are also oak. A Mexican onyx and brass Communion rail was installed over the years and the floor of the sanctuary and aisles is made of black and white marble tiles. St. Stephen's is a fully active Roman Catholic Parish in the Diocese of Cleveland. This means that they have a full parish staff and church council. They have regular Sunday Masses as well as daily Masses. German Mass is offered every first", "id": "19215923" }, { "contents": "Roncesvalles, Toronto\n\n\nWomenpriests at the church. St. Casimir's Polish Roman Catholic Church at Garden Avenue, offers Polish masses on Sundays. Its origins begin in 1944 when the Oblate Mission decided to create the third Polish parish (and first in the west end) in Toronto. The lot on which the church stands today was purchased for $15,000 in 1948 and construction on the parish hall began the same year. The first mass was held in the church hall in 1949. The church was completed and officially began offering mass on May 23,", "id": "3040916" }, { "contents": "Rajavoor\n\n\nSt. Michael's Shrine which is located at the center part of Rajavoor. The annual feast starts on the first Friday of May with a flag hoisting followed by a ten-day Mass and adoration. The eighth, ninth and tenth days are marked with a car procession to St. Michael Archangel, carnival ended with High Mass in front of the Holy Cars. The Roman Catholics and parish are administered by the Kottar Diocese. Another notable church, Our Lady of Presentation (Kaanikkai Maathaa) Church is attached to the Rajavoor Parish as", "id": "4595849" }, { "contents": "Transfiguration Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nBaptist Church in the nearby suburb of Garfield Heights, Ohio, which had a large, new structure. In April 1943, Trinity Baptist Church sold its building to the Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland for $35,000 ($ in dollars). The Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland erected Transfiguration Parish on July 30, 1943. The parish was divided from nearby Immaculate Heart of Mary Church and Shrine Church of St. Stanislaus parishes. Reverend Joseph F. Zabawa was named the pastor of the new congregation, which took up residence in the Trinity", "id": "20542089" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Augustine (Larchmont, New York)\n\n\nThe Church of St. Augustine is a Roman Catholic church located in Larchmont, New York. The parish having been founded in 1892, the present Gothic Revival church building was constructed in 1928. With a growing number of Catholics living in Larchmont, New York—many of them domestic servants who attended Blessed Sacrament Church in New Rochelle or Most Holy Trinity Church in Mamaroneck—the Archbishop of New York, Michael Corrigan, created the parish of St. Augustine was created in 1892. The decision to establish a parish was motivated in part", "id": "19300736" }, { "contents": "St. Barbara Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Barbara Catholic Church () is a parish of the Roman Catholic Church in Cleveland, Ohio, within the Diocese of Cleveland. The parish church is located on Denison Ave. between West 16th St. and the southbound entrance to SR 176, in a part of the Brooklyn Centre neighborhood previously known in Polish as . The red brick parish church, designed by H.C. Gabele, is a local landmark. It is a GNIS named feature. The church, rectory and convent buildings are listed together as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. The", "id": "13695356" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\ntwo years the parishioners worshipped in a hotel before constructing a building at Fourth and Euclid downtown. A fire destroyed the structure before it was completed, but people throughout the city contributed funds to build a brick replacement in 1851. By the 1870s, the streets surrounding the church had become primarily commercial, so the vestry sold the building and rented halls while building the present church eastward on Euclid Avenue. Its placement amid the wealthy Millionaire's Row district soon caused it to become a symbol of the neighborhood. However, the membership", "id": "19215901" }, { "contents": "St Michael the Archangel Church, Chatham\n\n\nHeart Church in Luton. St Paulinus Church was built in 1788 as a Wesleyan Chapel. In 1892, it was bought by the local Catholic Church. Sacred Heart Church was built in 1949. On 26 June 1949, its foundation stone was laid by the parish priest of St Michael's Church. St Paulinus Church has one Sunday Mass at 9:00am. Sacred Heart Church also has one Sunday Mass, it is at 10:30am. St Michael's Church has four Sunday Masses: 6:30pm on Saturday and 9:30am, 11:00am and 6:00pm on", "id": "19228802" }, { "contents": "St Michael and All Angels Church, Kingaroy\n\n\n's construction. Architect Colin Deighton, who was assistant to John Hingeston Buckeridge, the Anglican Diocese of Brisbane Architect between 1887 and 1901, designed the church. Deighton designed a number of country churches and St Colomb's Anglican Church at Clayfield in Brisbane. The foundation stone of St Michael and All Angels Church was laid on 10 November 1910 by the Venerable Arthur Rivers, Archdeacon of Toowoomba. Construction of the building, which was to seat 250 worshippers, began in December 1910 and was completed in 1911. Its cost, including", "id": "3972006" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Catholic Church (Chicago)\n\n\nSt. Michael () is a church of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Chicago. The current church is located at E. 83rd Street and S. South Shore Drive in South Chicago, a neighborhood of Chicago, Illinois. It is a prime example of the so-called \"Polish Cathedral style\" of churches in both its opulence and grand scale. Along with Immaculate Conception, it is one of the two monumental Polish churches dominating over the South Chicago neighborhood. Founded in 1892 as a Polish parish in Chicago to relieve overcrowding at Immaculate", "id": "20616064" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nof St. Stephen's for 38 years. In 1873, Fr. Reichlin realized that a new church building was needed to accommodate the growing parish. The Cleveland-based architect firm called Cudell & Richardson was hired to build the structure that still stands today as St. Stephen's Roman Catholic Church. Due to economic depression in the mid-1870s, work on the new building was stopped. Parishioners mortgaged their own properties to raise funds for the new church. It was dedicated on November 20, 1881 by the second bishop of Cleveland,", "id": "19215919" }, { "contents": "St. Michael the Archangel Church, Madison\n\n\n1992, the parishes of St. Mary's and St. Michael's became one community of faith, with one priest, Father John Meyer, and two church buildings. Saturday night mass was held at St. Michael's for St. Michael's ‘parishioners,’ and on Sunday morning, mass was held at St. Mary's. In 1993, the area's two other Catholic Churches (St. Patrick's and St. Anthony's) were merged with St. Mary's-St. Michael's as well. St. Michael's had extensive roof damage", "id": "2385663" }, { "contents": "St. Michael's Church, Hildesheim\n\n\nin 1010 and dedicated the still unfinished building to Michael on the archangel's feast day, 29 September 1022, just a few weeks before his death. Construction, however, continued under his successor, Bishop Godehard (died 1038), who completed the work in 1031 and reconsecrated the church to Michael on September 29 of that year. The church has double choirs east and west, double tripartite transepts at either end of the nave, and six towers----two large ones over the crossings east and west, and four other tall and", "id": "721679" }, { "contents": "St. Augustine's Catholic Church (Napoleon, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Augustine's Catholic Church is a historic church in Napoleon, Ohio, United States. Located on the edge of the city's downtown, two blocks away from the Henry County Courthouse, the church is a prominent landmark in Napoleon. St. Augustine Parish was founded at some point between 1856 and 1858; its first priest was Michael Pietz. The parish was dedicated to St. Augustine in honor of Augustine Pilliod, who supervised the construction of its first building. This structure was replaced with the current church, which was built at", "id": "13450149" }, { "contents": "Saint Patrick's Church (Dubuque, Iowa)\n\n\nMcCabe was assigned as the first resident pastor. The cornerstone of the present brick church was laid in 1877, and the building dedicated on August 15, 1878. In 1928, the Rev. J.J. Hanley remodeled and enlarged the church. St. Patrick Church was originally built for service to the Irish settlers of Dubuque and while the parish has maintained a healthy respect for its Irish heritage over its many years of service, the parish now specializes in service to the Hispanic residents of Dubuque. The parish offers a Spanish Mass on Sundays,", "id": "20590874" }, { "contents": "St. Stephen's Catholic Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nsecond parish for German-speaking Catholics. In April 1869 the first bishop of Cleveland, Bishop Louis Amadeus Rappe, appointed Fr. Stephen Falk to have a two-story building built. The building would be used as a church on the upper level and a school on the lower level to accommodate the 200 families from St. Mary's that lived west of 44th Street. The newly ordained Fr. Casimir Reichlin became the first pastor and said the first Mass of the parish on May 1, 1870. He served as pastor", "id": "19215918" }, { "contents": "Immaculate Conception Catholic Church (Fulda, Ohio)\n\n\n. Construction began on a small church building under the ministry of the priest from Miltonsburg, and Archbishop Purcell of Cincinnati dedicated it in 1853. Ten years later, the parishioners constructed a parish school, and a rectory followed in 1866; its large size and pretentious architecture resulted in a high construction cost of $2,500. By this time, the original church building had become entirely inadequate for the needs of the congregation, and replacement plans were laid; the cornerstone was laid in May 1874, and Bishop Rosecrans of Columbus dedicated", "id": "19205436" }, { "contents": "St. Vitus's Church, Cleveland\n\n\nSt. Vitus is a parish of the Roman Catholic Church in Cleveland, Ohio, United States, in the Diocese of Cleveland. The parish church, located at 6019 Lausche Avenue in the St. Clair-Superior neighborhood, was completed in 1932. The first documented Slovenian to settle in the Cleveland area was Joseph Turk, who came about 1883, most likely from Carniola, and settled on Marble Avenue, near the steel mills. He helped organize the Catholic Slovenes in Cleveland, and requested that Bishop Richard Gilmour of Cleveland appoint a", "id": "916020" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Catholic Church (St. Patrick, Ohio)\n\n\nrectory in 1919 to house its pastor; before its construction, St. Patrick's was served by priests from St. Michael's Church in Fort Loramie to the southwest. In 1977, the church and rectory were recorded by the Ohio Historic Inventory for the purpose of historic preservation; both buildings were ranked in good condition without any significant risks. Two years later, they were listed together on the National Register of Historic Places, along with over thirty other buildings in the Land of the Cross-Tipped Churches. When these churches were", "id": "15760892" }, { "contents": "Cathedral of St Michael and St John\n\n\n. In that year work commenced on a permanent church building located on the corner of George and Keppel Streets. St Michael's Church was a Victorian Gothic style building constructed in brick. It was in use by 1841 but appears not to have been completed until 1846 when leadlight windows were installed. Bishop John Bede Polding (1794-1877), first Catholic Archbishop of Sydney, was interested in fostering the English Gothic style of architecture in his diocese. He arranged for plans for significant churches to be prepared by English architects including", "id": "17452035" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Cathedral, Thunder Bay\n\n\n. From there, St. Patrick's Church was one of many churches that was missioned to the First Nations in Northern Ontario, as well as St. Andrew's Church, which was handed over to the diocese in 1997. St. Patrick's was built in 1892, the same year as Thunder Bay was incorporated as a town. The foundation stone was laid on 10 October 1891, and the first Mass was celebrated on 21 August 1892. The Jesuit parish priests made plans for the construction of an elementary school later that decade.", "id": "14488629" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Catholic Church (Toledo, Ohio)\n\n\nfor use in a new building. Fr. Edward Hannin, pastor of St. Patrick's, set out to create \"the finest church in this part of the land,\" for his congregation and began to raise money for construction. When it was completed, St. Patrick's was considered one of the finest examples of Gothic Revival architecture in the United States. The exterior is constructed of Amherst blue sandstone and the interior contains ten red granite columns. The church was dedicated on April 13, 1901. The church underwent extensive", "id": "9145471" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Dayton, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Mary's Catholic Church is a historic Catholic church building in an eastern neighborhood of Dayton, Ohio, United States. Constructed at the beginning of the twentieth century, it remains home to an active parish. Its grand architecture has made it an aviator's landmark, and it has been named a historic site by the federal government. Emanuel Church, the first Catholic parish in Dayton, was formed in 1837. Many English-speaking families left to form a separate parish in 1846, but Emanuel continued growing to the point", "id": "19205373" }, { "contents": "Church of St. James the Less\n\n\nmission. Weekly celebration of Mass resumed on Sundays at 5:00 pm. The breakaway congregation now meets at the Holy Cross Catholic church and is known as the Church of Saint Michael the Archangel. During the controversy, the parish school closed circa 2006. As part of its mandate, Saint Mark's Church began a fundraising effort to open a new parish school to serve this local community. In 2009 and 2010, the St. Mark's congregation (together with St. Francis Episcopal Church in Potomac, Maryland) sponsored Vacation Bible School at", "id": "12322466" }, { "contents": "St. John's Evangelical Lutheran Church (Springfield, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. John's Evangelical Lutheran Church is a historic Lutheran church in downtown Springfield, Ohio, United States. Founded as a German-speaking parish in Springfield's early days, it grew rapidly during its first few decades, and its present large church building was constructed in the 1890s under the direction of one of Springfield's leading architects. The congregation remains in the landmark church building, which has been named a historic site. Springfield's first Lutheran congregation was organized in May 1841, and a separate group of German Lutherans began", "id": "18832000" }, { "contents": "St Michael and St John Church, Clitheroe\n\n\nGrade II listed building. In September 2008, the Jesuits handed the church over to the Diocese of Salford who continue to serve the parish. Two years later, the parish merged with St Mary Queen of Peace Church in Sabden to form the parish of Our Lady of the Valley. St Mary's was built in 1877 and it was made into a parish in 1909, so that the parishioners did not have to travel the sizeable distance to attend Mass in Clitheroe. The parish has two Sunday Masses at St Michael and St", "id": "5090732" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n. St. Paul's church building is one of just six Gothic Revival churches built in Cleveland during the 1870s that survived into the 1980s. At one time considered Cleveland's grandest and largest church, it is distinguished by the unusual architecture of the peak of the bell tower, and the open interior features extensive detailing, along with seating for one thousand worshippers. Covered with sandstone from Berea, the building was a work of Gordon W. Lloyd, a Detroit architect who also produced grand churches in Ohio cities of various sizes, ranging", "id": "19215903" }, { "contents": "St. Aloysius' Catholic Church (Carthagena, Ohio)\n\n\nerected in 1865. In their earliest years, the people worshipped in the chapel of the adjacent St. Charles Seminary. Throughout its history, the church has been significantly influenced by the seminary, which trained the priests of the Missionaries of the Precious Blood and provided pastors for the church. As its membership grew, the parish decided to construct a church building. Plans were laid and construction began in 1875; the cornerstone was laid in May 1877, and the church was consecrated on June 30, 1878; the parishioners had performed", "id": "20255448" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Church (Monroe, Michigan)\n\n\nto come. St. Michael Church is located along the River Raisin on West Front Street in the city of Monroe, MI. The 183 foot steeple isn't hard to miss. When you come into Monroe you can easily see St. Michael's A tradition at St. Michael Church is the parish prayer. It is said before the beginning of every mass. It reads: \"Lord, God, we glorify Your holy name and thank you for calling us, the people of Saint Michael the Archangel Parish, to be one in", "id": "12346363" }, { "contents": "St Michael and All Angels Church, Barton Turf\n\n\nSt Michael and All Angels is the Church of England parish church of Barton Turf in the county of Norfolk in England. See Inside here. It stands about a kilometre south-west of the village in the midst of a plantation of trees. Particularly notable for its surviving paintings, the church is listed with Grade I. The building was at first constructed in rather an undistinguished Perpendicular style, possessing a tower at the west end of the church. The church is best known for the twelve panels of its late-Gothic rood", "id": "15249529" }, { "contents": "St Michael and All Angels' Church, Haworth\n\n\nSt Michael and All Angels' Church is the Church of England parish church of Haworth, West Yorkshire. The current structure, the third church building on the site, was built between 1879 and 1881 although parts of the original medieval church building, notably the tower, survive from earlier periods. The church is best known for its historic association with the Brontë sisters whose father Revd. Patrick Brontë served as minister of the parish between 1820 and 1861. A chapel has existed on the site since 1488, though records held at", "id": "17201346" }, { "contents": "St. Peter Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Peter Church (), is a Catholic parish church in Cleveland, Ohio and part of the Diocese of Cleveland. Founded in , it is located at the intersection of Superior Ave. near East 17th St., in the Downtown neighborhood. The church is a longstanding city landmark; George Francis Houck, then the Chancellor, wrote in 1903 that, \"One of the landmarks of the city and Diocese of Cleveland is St. Peter's Church.\" It is listed as a Cleveland Designated Landmark. It is also a named", "id": "13925952" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Church (Monroe, Michigan)\n\n\n. It was used as a church on the first floor and on the second it was used for the school. Later it would only be used as St. Michael School. Then in 1866 the cornerstone for the present church was laid. The large 187 foot steeple wasn't added until 1883. In 1874 the 3-story rectory was built east of the church. In 1918 the parish built the present building of St. Michael School which is now a part of Monroe Catholic Elementary Schools. The movement to establish the parish started in 1845", "id": "12346356" }, { "contents": "St. Casimir Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nRichard Gilmour for permission to form a new parish and build a church for their own use. In December 1891, Monsignor Felix Boff, V.G., administrator of the diocese, granted the required permission. Those parishioners left to form St. Casimir Church in 1891. The parish was founded in 1891 — about 44 years after the Diocese of Cleveland was erected by Pope Pius IX. In December, 1891, Boff appointed Father Benedict Rosinski, pastor of St. Adalbert's, Berea, Ohio, to take charge of the mission. On", "id": "12488231" }, { "contents": "St James' Church, Forest Gate\n\n\nSt James' Church, Forest Gate was a church in Forest Gate, east London. Its origins lay in an iron building constructed around 1870 to serve a conventional district. A parish was formed for it in 1881 from those of Emmanuel Church, All Saints and St John's and its permanent church completed the following year, with an organ moved from St Matthew's Church, Friday Street. The church was demolished in 1964 and for two years its congregation worshiped in the Durning Hall Community Centre's chapel until the parish was", "id": "17208906" }, { "contents": "North Presbyterian Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nNorth Presbyterian Church is a historic Presbyterian church on the east side of Cleveland, Ohio, United States. Constructed in the 1880s, the church building has been named a historic site. Throughout its history, the congregation has been focused on Sunday school work. North Presbyterian Church developed out of a mission Sunday school established in east-side Cleveland in 1859. The local presbytery organized a congregation out of the Sunday school in 1867, and within a short while, the new congregation formed the first of two mission Sunday schools in", "id": "19215693" }, { "contents": "St. Vitus's Church, Cleveland\n\n\nVitus to work on the interior. It was finished for the centennial celebration of the parish later that year. St. Vitus remains a strong parish, but Fr. Božnar works with Bishop Lennon's programs to cluster parishes in order to increase strength for inner-city parishes. The church building of St. Vitus itself is constructed in the Lombard-Roman style with pale yellow Falston brick. It is 141 feet long and 100 feet wide with an attached parish house on its west side. Its two Romanesque bell towers reach 110 feet", "id": "916027" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Michael (St. Michael, Minnesota)\n\n\nof the church came from Saint John's Abbey in Collegeville. In 1866 a new church was built in the center of the town and served for about 25 years. In 1890 the parish built a Gothic Revival building, which was the largest church in Wright County at the time. The building features ornate statues and German woodcarvings. Although the parish had a mostly German ethnicity for many years, since 1985 the number of families in the parish doubled, and it no longer appears to be an ethnic parish. In 2004 the", "id": "1327870" }, { "contents": "St. Thomas Church (Underhill, Vermont)\n\n\nSt. Thomas Church is a Roman Catholic church in the Town of Underhill, Vermont in the United States, located in the unincorporated village of \"Underhill Center\". The church was built from 1891-92 after its predecessor had burned down on 19 December 1890. The cornerstone for the current St. Thomas Church building was laid on 12 August 1891 at an event that had an estimated 1,000 attendees. Although the construction period spanned from 1 May 1891 until December 1892, the first Mass was nevertheless held in the basement of the church", "id": "6739395" }, { "contents": "St. William Parish (Lawncrest)\n\n\n1950s and 60's, saw many changes come to the physical plant of the Parish that reflected the housing boom of the area, the economic upswing of the times and the growing parish population. Many of the original \"Motley Buildings\" were completely replaced. The Middle School (Junior High/Upper School) building was built and later an additional floor was added. When consideration was had for the completion of the Upper Church, it was found that the basement church was not structurally sufficient to support additional construction. In 1955", "id": "10364503" }, { "contents": "Church of St. Michael the Archangel, Katowice\n\n\nChurch of St. Michael Archangel () is one of the oldest buildings in Katowice. It's located in Kościuszko Park, where it was moved in 1938 from the village Syrynia, where it was originally constructed in 1510. It is under the invocation of St. Michael. It has end-fitted log framework construction and shingled roof. Free-standing belltower was completed before 1679; it has historic lych-gate and wooden fence around the churchyard. The church of St. Michael Archangel was first built in 1305 in Syrynia, near", "id": "21359049" }, { "contents": "St. Patrick's Catholic Church (St. Patrick, Ohio)\n\n\n's was closely connected to many other churches in western Ohio: wide areas of western Ohio that were primarily settled by Catholics feature large churches at sparsely-populated crossroads. While most of these churches are constructed in the Gothic Revival style of architecture, some of the newer churches of the region — including St. Patrick's — appear in a variety of styles; St. Patrick's was one of the few that lacked the high steeples of the Gothic Revival structures. The leading role of these churches in western Shelby County and the lands", "id": "15760890" }, { "contents": "St Michael's Roman Catholic Church, Linlithgow\n\n\nchildren the congregation capitalised on the spirit of cooperation and community and set out to build a school. Located on a site next to the church St. Joseph's school was opened on 1 July 1889 and served the children of the parish until 1964 when new premises were occupied at Preston Road. Although during this time Fr Easson had replaced Fr Murphy as parish priest there was no change of emphasis and all the parish energies were engaged in the effort to complete the church building programme. Plans to double the size of the church were", "id": "17679127" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Delaware, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Mary's Catholic Church is a historic Catholic parish church in the city of Delaware, Ohio, United States. Constructed in the 1880s, this grand building is home to a congregation established in the middle of the nineteenth century. Its grand style has long made it a community landmark, and it was named a historic landmark in 1980. Delaware's first Masses were celebrated by travelling priests in the homes of the city's few Catholics, most of whom were Irish or German immigrants. The members built the first St. Mary", "id": "2642749" }, { "contents": "Church of the Resurrection (Rye, New York)\n\n\nin 1881 at the intersection of Purchase Street and the Boston Post Road, where services were then offered. The parish was incorporated on January 29, 1886, and title to the property was transferred from the archdiocese to the parish itself. A new church building was completed in 1889 on Purchase Street, while the former building was used as the rectory. Thereafter, construction of a parochial school on the Boston Post Road began in 1906 and was completed two years later. With the number of parishioners growing, the church purchased land", "id": "19300829" }, { "contents": "Near North Side, Chicago\n\n\n, most of this area was an enclave to the first emigrants from Puerto Rico to Chicago, who referred to it as part of \"La Clark\" until commercialization decorated late 1960s shop signs with the name of Old Town. The neighborhood is home to St. Michael's Church, originally built to serve German immigrants, and one of only 7 to survive the great Chicago fire. St. Michael's, Holy Name Cathedral, Immaculate Conception, and St. Joseph's Catholic churches all catered to Latinos with a Mass in Spanish. Many", "id": "1540930" }, { "contents": "St. Mary's Catholic Church (Massillon, Ohio)\n\n\nSt. Mary's Catholic Church is a historic Catholic church building in the city of Massillon, Ohio, United States. Constructed in 1876 for a congregation composed largely of European immigrants, it has been named a historic site. The origins of St. Mary parish lie among numerous Germans and Irish who settled in Massillon in its early years and built a small house of worship on Cherry Road in the 1840s. This building stood until 1875, when it was destroyed so that the present church might occupy its location; it was built in", "id": "19205828" }, { "contents": "St. Anne Church (Berlin, New Hampshire)\n\n\nSt. Anne Church is a historic church at 58 Church Street in Berlin, New Hampshire, United States. It is the church for Good Shepherd Parish within the Roman Catholic Diocese of Manchester. St. Anne Parish was founded in 1867, and was Berlin's first Roman Catholic congregation. It was merged with Guardian Angel Parish, St. Joseph Parish, and St. Kieran Parish in 2000 to form Good Shepherd Parish. Its building, constructed in 1900, is an important local example of Romanesque architecture, and was listed on the National Register", "id": "2452362" }, { "contents": "St. Peter Church (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\n, put up by Luhr, was torn down and replaced by a large pastoral residence adjoining the rear of the church, at a cost of $12,000. In the same year a third story was added to St. Peter's school building, and arranged for a parish hall, containing a stage and other conveniences, at a cost of $10,000. In the synod of January 3, 1889, St. Peter's congregation was the first mentioned among the nine principal churches of the diocese which Gilmour named as rectorates, with an", "id": "13925965" }, { "contents": "Trinity Cathedral (Cleveland, Ohio)\n\n\nfirst church building built within the village limits of Cleveland. In 1846, to meet the needs of a growing parish, plans for a larger, centralized building just east of Public Square commenced. The congregation moved into the larger stone structure in the Gothic style on Superior Avenue in 1855. In 1890, Trinity Church was offered to Bishop William A. Leonard for use as a cathedral for the Diocese of Ohio. The congregation would maintain the building and it would serve dual roles as the parish church and cathedral for the diocese.", "id": "19215933" }, { "contents": "St. Andrew's Cathedral (Jackson, Mississippi)\n\n\nat the time that was not located along the Mississippi River. Its church was burned by the Union Army during the American Civil War in 1863. The cornerstone for the second church was laid by the Rt. Rev. William Mercer Green in 1869. By the turn of the Twentieth Century the congregation had outgrown its church building and the present structure was completed in 1903. The Parish House was constructed between 1923 and 1924. The congregation continued to grow and the building along West Street was built in 1955. The bishop moved his", "id": "20556538" }, { "contents": "St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Evansville, Indiana)\n\n\nservice in the first church building was held on April 15, 1883. While construction ensued, a congregant and frequent benefactor, Charles Viele, offered the use of Viele Hall (located on 2nd street between Main and Sycamore streets) to St. Paul's parish. The cornerstone for new St. Paul's was laid on September 3, 1883, and construction completed on March 2, 1886 with Bishop D.B. Knickerbacker consecrating the new building. Charles and Mary Viele continued to sponsor further construction on the church grounds - first with a rectory", "id": "20407572" }, { "contents": "Saint Michael the Archangel Church (Monroe, Michigan)\n\n\nSaint Michael the Archangel Church (St. Michael Church) is located on the west side of the city of Monroe, Michigan along the River Raisin. It is home to 1,200 families and it is one of most important religious institutes in Monroe County. It was founded in the year 1852. The present building was built from 1866-1867. It is in the Archdiocese of Detroit. Its current priest is Rev. Phillip Ching. When the parish was first established, the mayor of Monroe palatial residence was remodeled as a temporary church", "id": "12346355" }, { "contents": "St. Mary Congregational Church\n\n\nSt. Mary Congregational Church in Abbeville, Louisiana is the oldest incorporated, predominantly African-American church in Vermilion Parish. Its historic Gothic Revival style church at 213 S. Louisiana Avenue, constructed in 1905 to replace a previous building, was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1999. American Missionary Association records show the congregation dates to at least 1877. The structure is a three-bay, gable-fronted church with a prominent corner tower. The tower is three-stage and square. The church is currently non", "id": "17676536" }, { "contents": "St. Charles of the Valley Catholic Church and Rectory\n\n\nSt. Charles Borromeo Church is a Catholic parish in Hailey, Idaho, in the Diocese of Boise. Its historic parish church and rectory complex, located at Pine and S. 1st Streets, is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Fr. E.M. Nattini began ministering in the Wood River Valley in the 1880s. The population was growing rapidly, and he was soon able to raise funds for the construction of the first church of St. Charles, which began June 17, 1883. It was the first Catholic church ineast of", "id": "20581174" }, { "contents": "Sacred Heart Catholic Church (Dayton, Ohio)\n\n\nprompted some of the members to leave in July 1883 and establish Sacred Heart Church; under the leadership of St. Joseph's associate pastor Hugh McDevitt, the congregation rented a meeting hall while waiting for the construction of their building. Land for the present church was purchased for $19,000, and William Henry Elder laid the cornerstone in June 1888. Exterior work was completed in the following year, and by 1893 construction was close enough to completion that the congregation could begin worshipping in their building. The building was consecrated by Bishop Maes", "id": "22206155" }, { "contents": "St. Vincent de Paul Church (Pontiac, Michigan)\n\n\n. The church continued to grow, and in the 1880s, the Reverend Fridolin Baumgartner began raising funds for the construction of the present church. The congregation hired the Detroit architecture firm of Donaldson & Meier to design the church, and the cornerstone was laid on September 6, 1885. The church was dedicated two years later, on September 18, 1887. A 6600-pound bell was installed in the church in 1890. A rectory was constructed in 1895, a school building was added in 1897, and a parish hall in 1911", "id": "19268922" }, { "contents": "St. Boniface Roman Catholic Church\n\n\npopulation on the west side. In 1873, a two-story, red brick Italianate rectory building was built for the parish at a cost of $6,000. A stone church building was planned by the prominent local architect William M. Scott, and construction was completed in 1883 at a cost of $30,000. The parish was closed in 1989, and the building was demolished a few years later. St. Boniface Church was an eclectic example of Romanesque Revival and Ruskinian Gothic architecture. It was built in a cruciform shape from red", "id": "9736494" } ]

[ { "contents": "Peire Pelet\n\n\nPeire Pelet (died 1303) was the \"conseigneur\" of Alès in the Languedoc. He was married to Delfina (Delphine), a sister of Henry II of Rodez. He is the senher d'Alest (the lord of Alès) referred to as a participant in the \"torneyamen\" \"Senhe n'Enric, us reys un ric avar\" along with his brother-in-law Henry and the troubadour Guiraut Riquier. Peire was descended from a Raymond Pelet who took part in the First Crusade. His father was Bernard Pelet", "id": "9562337" }, { "contents": "Peire Pelet\n\n\n, who died in September 1252, leaving his entire heritage to his eldest son, William, under the tutelage of Bernard de Barre, Guillaume de Pontils, and Jean de Bossoles. In 1253 William, with his tutors and his younger brothers, including Peire, received the homage of their father's vassals: Hugues de Melet, Pierre de Spinasson, and many others, in the presence of Pierre Gaucelin, Bérenger de la Fare, Arnaud d'Arsac, and Pierre Gaucelin de Follaquier. On the death of William without heirs Peire", "id": "9562338" }, { "contents": "Peire Pelet\n\n\nsucceeded him. He married Delfina sometime before April 1276, when her brother released a sum of money left her by their father, Henry I: a hundred marks of silver or 5,000 \"sols tournois\". In 1274 James I of Aragon renounced the homage and oath of fealty owed by Peire for his fief since his great-great-grandfather, Bertrand Pelet, Count of Melgueil, had rendered it to James's grandfather, Alfonso II. Peire then began a war with Bérenger de Frédol, Bishop of Maguelonne, over", "id": "9562339" }, { "contents": "Peire Pelet\n\n\nthe county of Melgueil, which at that time was held by the bishop from the Papacy. In 1276 the combatants were brought before the episcopal court of the Archdiocese of Narbonne. Peire lost the case and was ordered to pay 1,000 \"livres\" in compensation. Joseph Angalde placed the aforementioned \"torneyamen\" around 1280–1, before the death of Peire, which he believed occurred in 1282; after the return of Riquier from Castile in 1279; and after the succession of Henry, who he believed was referred to as \"coms", "id": "9562340" }, { "contents": "Peire Raimon de Tolosa\n\n\nPeire Ramon's name (as \"Petrus Raimundus\") appears in two documents of Toulouse, dated to 1182 and 1214. According to his \"vida\", he became a jongleur and travelled to the court of Alfonso II of Aragon, who bestowed great honour on him. The earliest datable work by Peire Ramon is a \"planh\" written on the death of Henry the Young King in 1183. According to his \"vida\" Peire passed \"a long time\" at the courts of Alfonso, William VIII of Montpellier", "id": "19379363" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\npoetry. Among the other troubadours Peire encountered in his travels were Aimeric de Belenoi and Raimon de Miraval. He may have met Daude de Pradas and Guiraut Riquier at Rodez. Peire was influenced by Cadenet, whom he honoured in one of his pieces. He was possibly influenced by Bernart de Venzac. In his early days he was a vehement opponent of the French, the clergy and the Albigensian Crusade. In the \"sirventes\", \"Ab votz d'angel, lengu' esperta, non bleza\", dated by Hill and", "id": "4006799" }, { "contents": "Peire Vidal\n\n\nMany of his early poems were addressed to Vierna de Porcellet, a relative of the count's. In some poems Peire, Vierna and Raymond form a love triangle. From Toulouse Peire went to the court of King Alfonso II of Aragon, where he remained in good favour until the king's death in 1196. He continued to occasionally visit the court of Alfonso's son, Peter II In the rivalry between the rulers of Toulouse and Aragon, Peire took the side of Aragon. He visited the court of King Alfonso VIII", "id": "7150831" }, { "contents": "William I of Cagliari\n\n\nhis death. Allegedly, he was a man of some culture, as he was in reportedly in contact with the Provençal troubadours Peire de la Caravana and Peire Vidal, likely to contract their services on behalf of his wealthy patrons. He was the son of Giorgia, daughter of Constantine II of Cagliari, and Obert, Margrave of Massa. He was a brother of William, Margrave of Massa. His paternal relatives were a branch of the Obertenghi who ruled Massa Lunense from the 11th century. Constantine II's eldest daughter married", "id": "6352696" }, { "contents": "Peire de Valeira\n\n\n.\" Peire's entire \"vida\", found in MSS \"I\" and \"K\", however, is probably unreliable, since it appears to confuse him with another Gascon troubadour, Arnaut de Tintinhac. Peire is often placed in a hypothetical \"school\" of poetry which includes Bernart de Ventadorn, Cercamon, Jaufre Rudel, Marcabru, Marcoat, and Peire Rogier among others. Further, the references in his \"vida\" to songs of the time concerning leaves, flowers, songs, and birds may be evidence", "id": "18999209" }, { "contents": "Bertran de Gourdon\n\n\n. Bertran surrendered promptly to the Crusaders under Simon de Montfort in May 1218 and did homage to Simon for his lands. Bertran wrote a comic \"tenso\", that is poetical debate, with Peire Raimon de Tolosa, now known by the incipit \"Totz tos afars es nienz\". It was dated to before 1211 by Joseph Anglade on the basis that Bertran was probably not at odds with his fellow southern barons yet if he was, as Anglade, suspects, playing host and patron to Peire Raimon, who had just", "id": "17663226" }, { "contents": "Peire de la Mula\n\n\npoet named only \"Mola\" who exchanged some verses with Guilhem Raimon. He may be the same individual as Peire de la Mula, but he has also been identified with the \"joglars\" Tremoleta. One of Peire's surviving couplets, \"Ia de razon no.m cal metr'en pantais\", can be dated to before 1185 on the basis of a reference to \"Androin\"(\"e\"), that is, Andronicus I Comnenus, who died that year. It was a screed against the young and rich. Peire's other couplet", "id": "13683550" }, { "contents": "Peire Raimon de Tolosa\n\n\n, and a certain \"Count Raymond\", which could refer to either Raymond V of Toulouse or, more probably, Raymond VI. He also spent time in Italy (Lombardy and Piedmont), at the courts of Thomas I of Savoy, Guglielmo Malaspina, and Azzo VI of Este. Azzo's daughter Beatriz was the addressee of one of Peire's poems. Eventually Peire settled down with a wife in Pamiers and there he died. Peire was reputed as a singer and composer of \"cansos\". His work is", "id": "19379364" }, { "contents": "Peire Vidal\n\n\n\" is probably reliable. It says that he \"was from Toulouse, the son of a furrier\": \"si fo de Tolosa, fils d'un pelissier\". The fur and leather industry was well established in Toulouse, near the church of Saint Pierre des Cuisines, in the twelfth century. Peire started his career, along with the troubadour Bernart Durfort, at the court of Count Raymond V of Toulouse around 1176. He continued there until 1190, when he left to seek another patron after quarrelling with the count.", "id": "7150830" }, { "contents": "Guilhem Peire Cazals de Caortz\n\n\nGuilhem Peire Cazals de Caortz or Guilhem Peire de Cazals was a troubadour of the first half of the thirteenth century. He was born or lived in Cahors, Quercy, from which his name \"de Caortz\". Eleven of his works, including one \"tenso\", survive. The only sure way to date Guilhem Peire's life and work is by his \"tenso\" with Bernart de la Barta, who was alive in 1229, and by a \"sirventes\" of Guilhem Figueira, \"Un nou sirventes ai en", "id": "12553937" }, { "contents": "Peire Vidal\n\n\nof Castile at Toledo in 1195 and intermittently thereafter until 1201. He also stayed for a time at the court of King Alfonso IX of León, where the Galician–Portuguese lyric was favoured over the Occitan. Among Peire's many lesser patrons were Lord William VIII of Montpellier and his wife, the Byzantine princess Eudokia Komnene. (William was both a vassal of Peter II and his father-in-law.) Peire attended the Aragonese court during some of its visits to Narbonne, but although the ruling viscountess of that", "id": "7150832" }, { "contents": "Peire de la Mula\n\n\nPeire (or Pietro) de la Mula (\"fl. c.\" 1200) was an Italian troubadour. Of his writings a pair of couplets and one \"sirventes\" are all that survive. According to his \"vida\", he was a \"joglars\" and \"trobaire\" (troubadour) who stayed for a long time in Montferrat, Cortemilia, and the Piedmont at the court of Ottone del Carretto (fl. 1190–1233). This places Peire's activity before 1209, when Ottone lost Cortemilia. It has", "id": "13683548" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nsupposition, based on where the biographer and compiler Miquel de la Tor was active. Three of Peire's songs have surviving melodies, but two (for a \"canso\" and a \"sirventes\") were composed by others: Guiraut de Bornelh and Raimon Jordan respectively. Like many of his contemporary troubadours, Peire merely composed \"contrafacta\". The third, for \"Un sirventesc novel vuelh comensar\", may be Peire's own work. It is similar to the borrowed melody of Guiraut de Bornelh, mostly syllabic with", "id": "4006805" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\nas the \"Petrus d'Alvengue\" and \"Petrus de Alvernia\" who appear in surviving documents from Montpellier dated to the year 1148. Peire appears to have cultivated the favour of the ruling family of the Crown of Aragon, and his poems contain allusions to the counts of Barcelona and Provence. Perhaps he was following the fashion of the lords of Montpellier of his time, who, though vassals of the Count of Toulouse, were partial to the Aragonese. At the same time Peire did garner the support of Raymond V of Toulouse", "id": "6558330" }, { "contents": "Peire de Maensac\n\n\nPeire de Maensac was an Auvergnat knight and troubadour. He was from Maensac (either Mauzat, Manzat or Mainsat) in the lands of Dalfi d'Alvernha. He came from the petty nobility. His brother Austor or Austors was also a troubadour, but none of his works survives. According to Peire's \"vida\" the brothers agreed that one of them would \"have the castle\" (i.e. inherit) and the other would be the \"inventor\" (i.e. troubadour). Peire became the troubadour. He wrote poems dedicated", "id": "6679234" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nworldly deeds might be seen as \"piggish\".) Peire subsequently travelled widely, visiting the courts of Auvergne, Les Baux, Foix, Rodez, and Vienne. He may have even ventured into Spain and met Alfonso X of Castile, and James I of Aragon, although he never mentions the latter by name in his poems. (James is however of course mentioned in Peire's \"vida\".) During his travels Peire was accompanied by a suite of jongleurs, some of whom receive mention by name in his", "id": "4006798" }, { "contents": "Peire Raimon de Tolosa\n\n\ncharacterised by themes of nature. His style was hermetic. He imitated the troubadours Cadenet and Arnaut Daniel and was in turn imitated by Bertran de Born, especially as regards his use of natural imagery. Bertran went so far as to copy almost a whole stanza from Peire's \"No.m puesc sofrir d'una leu chanso faire.\" In \"Us noels pessamens\", Peire even anticipates the Tuscan poet Dante Alighieri. Peire is complaining about a mistress who first beckoned him and then broke her promise to him when he says: Peire", "id": "19379365" }, { "contents": "Aimeric de Belenoi\n\n\nwhere he probably had contact with Aimeric de Pegulhan, Albertet de Sestaro, Guillem Augier Novella and Peirol. He may also have made the acquaintance of Peire Cardenal. Aimeric went to Castile before making his final trip to Catalonia. His last datable work was \"Nulhs hom en res no falh\", a \"planh\" for Nuño Sánchez, who died in 1242. This \"planh\" was addressed to the \"comtessa Beatris\", wife of Raymond Berengar IV of Provence, and \"senher N'Imo\", her brother Aimone", "id": "15990226" }, { "contents": "Peire Bremon Ricas Novas\n\n\nproensal\", with its reference to \"us Provençals\". Peire's first datable work is a \"tenso\" written at the court of Raymond Berengar IV of Provence in 1230 with Gui de Cavalhon. At the court of Provence Peire also met Bertran d'Alamanon and Sordello, whose \"planh\" for Blacatz he imitated. Peire left the court of Raymond Berengar sometime in or after 1237 and went to that of Barral of Baux and thence to that of Raymond VII of Toulouse. Though there is no record of his having visited", "id": "12717295" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nsecond stanza Peire mentions Peter's success in the Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa; in the third he alludes to the sacking of Béziers (whose count Raymond Roger Trencavel was supposed to have been Peter's vassal): at Béziers the poorer soldiers of the Inquisition were flogged by the wealthier, and this is the theme of the stanza. Peire's mention of the court of Constantine may also again evoke the divorce proceedings of Peter and Marie where Peire ultimately lost. Peire later alludes to the death of someone (perhaps a", "id": "4006796" }, { "contents": "Elias de Barjols\n\n\naffability\" of Giraut IV Trencaleon d'Armagnac, the \"generosity\" of Randon (a lord of this name died before 1219, when he is mentioned in the testament of his son-in-law; he was the nephew of the troubadour Garin lo Brun), the \"good responses\" of Dalfi d'Alvernha, the \"wits\" of \"Peir cui es Monleos\" (maybe the troubadour Peire de Gavaret), the \"chivalry\" of Brian, the \"wisdom\" of Bertran, the \"courtesy\" of a", "id": "20595774" }, { "contents": "Peire Guilhem de Luserna\n\n\nPeire Guilhem de Luserna () was a Piedmontese troubadour. Peire's identity as an Italian has been up for debate since the 19th century. \"Luserna\" more probably refers to Luserna in the Piedmont, rich and populous in Peire’s time, a town on the left bank of the Pellice lying on the road into the Viennois and Dauphiné, Occitan-speaking territories. On the other hand, it may be Lusarne (\"Luserna\" in Italian) in the Leberon valley in Provence, on the road between Reillane in", "id": "10437582" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nPeire del Puei, li trobador\" with Aimeric de Pegulhan. At Raymond's court also perhaps, probably in 1213, Peire composed a \"sirventes\", \"Las amairitz, qui encolpar las vol\", which may have encouraged Peter II of Aragon to help Toulouse in the Battle of Muret, where Peter died. In this \"sirventes\" Peire alludes first perhaps to the accusations of adultery that Peter had leveled against Peter's wife Maria of Montpellier but also perhaps to the various changes in law governing women. In the", "id": "4006795" }, { "contents": "Peire Lunel de Montech\n\n\nPeire Lunel de Montech (fl. 1326–1384), also known as Cavalier Lunel or Peire de Lunel, was a lawyer, politician and author of Toulouse. His name indicates he was a knight (\"cavalier\" in Occitan) from Montech. In his youth he was a troubadour. A \"canso\", a Crusading song, a \"sirventes\", an \"ensenhamen\" and some moralising \"coblas esparsas\" survive of his work. The Crusading song is dated to around 1326. It is a critique of King", "id": "11493706" }, { "contents": "Ermengarde, Viscountess of Narbonne\n\n\nthe langue d'oïl in the north. She corresponded with many troubadours, including Peire Rogier, Giraut de Bornelh, Peire d'Alvergne, Pons d'Ortafa, and Salh d'Escola, as well as the trobairitz Azalais de Porcairagues. In addition it is believed that she welcomed to her court Rognvald II of Orkney, a Viking prince that became a saint, and poet, who composed skaldic poetry for her. Without issue after two unhappy marriages, Ermengarde designated as heir Pedro Manrique de Lara -the second but eldest surviving son of her half-sister", "id": "17254566" }, { "contents": "Peire de Corbiac\n\n\nPeire de Corbiac or Corbian was a Gascon cleric and troubadour of the thirteenth century. His most famous works are a religious piece, the \"Prière à la Vierge\" (prayer to the Virgin), and his \"treasures\", \"Lo tezaurs\" (c. 1225). Peire was born at Corbiac near Bordeaux to a poor family. He was educated at Orléans in the Scholastic tradition. His nephew was the troubadour Aimeric de Belenoi, whose \"vida\" refers to him as \"maestre\" (master, teacher", "id": "15078720" }, { "contents": "Peire de la Caravana\n\n\nGermany]br In saying: \"Brother, watz!\"br The sound of which as much resemblesbr Dogs barking. The German word \"watz\" is said to be an interjection resembling the clinking of glasses and proposes a toast. Peire also had ties to Sardinia. He dedicated his \"D'un serventes faire\" to a \"senhal Malgrat de toz\", which has been identified as Barisone II of Arborea, who was crowned King of Sardinia at Pavia by the Emperor Frederick I in return for 4,000 silver marks from Genoa, but was later deposed", "id": "20349652" }, { "contents": "Pere de Montsó\n\n\n. If Pattison's reconstruction of events surrounding Peire d'Alvernhe's satire is correct, however, Pere de Montsó was attached to the Spanish entourage (possibly as a jongleur) of Eleanor, daughter of Henry II of England and fiancée of Alfonso VIII of Castile, who was travelling through Gascony on her way to Spain when she and her entourage were entertained by Peire's satire. Pattison suggest on the basis of this stanza that the troupe had also travelled through the lands of Toulouse and met in the presence of the Count, whose", "id": "11269399" }, { "contents": "Occitan literature\n\n\nof Ventadour's father was a servant, Peire Vidal's a maker of furred garments, Perdigon's a fisher. Others belonged to the bourgeoisie, Peire d'Alvernha, for example, Peire Raimon of Toulouse, and Elias Fonsalada. Likewise we see merchants' sons as troubadours; this was the case with Folquet of Marseille and Aimeric de Peguilhan. A great many were clerics, or at least studied for the Church, for instance, Arnaut de Mareuil, Uc de Saint Circ, Aimeric de Belenoi, Hugh Brunet, Peire Cardenal", "id": "11312613" }, { "contents": "Pere de Montsó\n\n\nPere de Montsó (fl. 1173), also Peire de Monzo(n), was an Aragonese troubadour, though none of his compositions survive. He was probably from Monzón near the border with Catalonia, but he may have hailed from Monzón de Campos in Castile, as Ramón Menéndez Pidal believed. He is the subject of the eighth stanza of a famous satire of twelve troubadours by Peire d'Alvernhe. This stanza has different readings: The verse is very unclear. The first reading suggests that Raymond V of Toulouse had heard Pere sing", "id": "11269398" }, { "contents": "Peire de Barjac\n\n\nPeire de Barjac was a Languedocian troubadour who flourished in the first half of the thirteenth century. He was a descendant of the troubadours Guillem de Randon and Garin lo Brun. Only one of poem that was certainly written by Peire survives: \"Tot francamen, domna, veing denan vos\". The rubric above the poem in the manuscript labels it a \"conjat\" and scholars have classified it as a \"mala canso\", or bad \"canso\". It is a song about leaving his lover. Many other songs", "id": "8049259" }, { "contents": "Pierre Roger de Cabaret\n\n\nPierre Roger de Cabaret (French) or Pèire Rogièr de Cabaret (Occitan) (fl. 13th century) was a military leader of the Occitan forces in the Albigensian Crusade. He inherited three hilltop castles near modern-day Lastours from his father. He was a patron of the troubadours, including Peire Vidal. He was a vassal of viscount Raymond Roger Trencavel, and was present with him during the siege of the castrum of Carcassonne in early stages of the Albigensian Crusade in 1209. Allegedly, Pierre-Roger advised Trencavel", "id": "11128862" }, { "contents": "Peire Raimon de Tolosa\n\n\nPeire Raimon de Tolosa (or Toloza; fl. 1180–1220) was a troubadour from the merchant class of Toulouse. He is variously referred to as \"lo Viellz\" (\"the Old\") and \"lo Gros\" (\"the Fat\"), though these are thought by some to refer to two different persons. On the other hand, \"lo Viellz\" could refer to his being of an early generation of troubadours. Eighteen of Peire Ramon's poems survive, one \"canso\" with a melody.", "id": "19379362" }, { "contents": "Peire Vidal\n\n\ncity, Ermengarde, was a notable patron of troubadours (like Azalais de Porcairagues) there is no indication that she patronised Peire or that he wrote songs for her. Peire was also associated with Raimon Jaufre Barral, viscount of Marseille and brother-in-law of Vierna. Barral's son-in-law, Hugh of Baux, was also a patron of Peire Vidal. The troubadour Blacatz, a relative of Hugh's and of modest wealth, was a patron. Peire Vidal is referenced in Ezra Pound's poem", "id": "7150833" }, { "contents": "Peire Guilhem de Luserna\n\n\nthe Basses-Alpes and Bastide-des-Jourdans. Peire was probably at the court of the Este beginning in 1221, during the reign of Azzo VII, husband of Giovanna, the object of one of Peire's songs. Sometime before arriving at Ferrara, Peire was probably at the court of Manfred III of Saluzzo. In 1220 Aimeric de Peguilhan, then at the Malaspina court, mentioned him in a poem—\"Ni un autre tirador / qu’eu no vuoill dir de Luserna\"—as being among a quintet of Occitan poets at Saluzzo: Peire", "id": "10437583" }, { "contents": "Gonzalo Ruiz\n\n\nthe 1170s. If Gonzalo Ruiz is de Azagra, it should be noted that his brother's daughter, Tota Pérez, was married to Diego López de Haro—with whom the lord of La Bureba had a connexion—who was a great patron of troubadours. Rigaut de Barbezill, Peire Vidal, and Aimeric de Pegulhan all spent time at his court, as did Rodrigo Díaz de los Cameros, his son-in-law, one of the earliest Galician-Portuguese troubadours. Riquer attaches the Castilian embassy in France circa", "id": "12361311" }, { "contents": "Peire de la Caravana\n\n\nPeire de la Caravana (also Cavarana, Gavarana, or Cà Varana, perhaps meaning \"near Verona\") was an Italian troubadour (\"trovatore\") in Lombardy in the late 12th and early 13th centuries. He was one of the earliest Occitan troubadours in Italy. He is famous for his \"sirventes\". Among his preserved works are the \"sirventes\" \"D'un serventes faire\" and \"La Paz de Costanza\". Peire wrote the first encouraging the communes of northern Italy to resist German overlorship, which has", "id": "20349649" }, { "contents": "Peire Rogier\n\n\nlong time. From Raimbaut's court he moved on to sojourn at that of Alfonso VIII of Castile, then that of Alfonso II of Aragon, and finally that of Raymond V of Toulouse, where he arrived circa 1170. According to his \"vida\", he became much esteemed as a troubadour through his travels, but there is no evidence otherwise for any movements in Spain, except perhaps the assembly of troubadours at the court of Aragon mentioned in a work of Peire d'Alvernhe (which need not have taken place).", "id": "1085906" }, { "contents": "Peire de Bussignac\n\n\nPeire de Bussignac, Bossinhac, or Bocinhac (fl. c. 1160) was a nobleman, cleric, and troubadour from the Périgord. He was probably from Bussignac in Hautefort, but possibly Boussignac in Tulle. He was, according to his \"vida\", \"from the castle of Bertran de Born\". Though his \"vida\" speaks of \"good \"sirventes\"\" to reproach ladies for bad behaviour and \"sirventes\" attacking Bertran, only one \"sirventes\" by Peire survives: \"Quan lo dous temps", "id": "6679237" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\nCastile sojourned at Puivert. If the above date is not accepted, it can be probably dated later than 1165—since Giraut de Borneill was only active from c.1170—and certainly before 1173, when Raimbaut d'Aurenga died. The Monge de Montaudon later composed a parody of Peire's satire, \"Pos Peire d'Alvernhl a chantat\". \"Chantarai d'aquest trobadors\" is near universally regarded today as playful parody and not as a work of serious literary or artistic criticism. The obscurity of most of the ridiculed poets and the attack upon such personal characteristics as", "id": "6558337" }, { "contents": "Arnaut de Tintinhac\n\n\nattitude towards encouraging courtly love he also resembles the early troubadours. Like other early Gascon troubadours, such as Peire de Valeira, he employed nature metaphors, as at the beginning of this song: The \"vida\" of Peire de Valeira seems to confuse its intended subject with Arnaut (at least at some points). It goes like this: Peire de Valeira was from Gascony, from the land of Lord Arnaut Guillem de Marsan. He was a minstrel at the very same time in which Marcabru lived, and he composed", "id": "12717977" }, { "contents": "Peire de Valeira\n\n\nPeire de Valeira, Valeria, or Valera (fl. early–mid twelfth century) was a Gascon troubadour. Since troubadour poetry probably originated in northwest Aquitaine (Poitou and Saintonge) and first spread—within a generation—south into Gascony, Peire was one of the earliest troubadours. Only two of his poems survive, one \"canso\" (\"Vezer volgra n'Ezelgarda\") and one \"cobla\" (\"Qui qu'Amors don son voler\"). His birthplace was Valera, near Podensac and Saint-Macaire in", "id": "18999206" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Ussel\n\n\nPeire d'Ussel or d'Uisel (\"Pèire d'Ussèl\" in modern Occitan; fl. c. 1200) was a Limousin troubadour, the middle of three brothers, castellans of the castle of Ussel-sur-Sarzonne, northeast of Ventadorn. His elder brother was Eble and his younger Gui, and he also had a cousin named Elias; all four were troubadours. According to Gui's \"vida\", Peire descanted his relatives’ songs. This should not be understood to imply that Peire was only a musician. One \"cobla", "id": "14026658" }, { "contents": "Peyre de Rius\n\n\nPeyre de Rius (\"fl.\"1344–86) was an Occitan troubadour from Foix. He wrote under the patronage of Gaston Phoebus, Count of Foix, and Peter the Ceremonious, King of Aragon. He is one of the few troubadours known by name who lived for a time at Peter's court in Barcelona. His name in standardised Occitan is \"Peire\" or \"Pèire\", in Catalan it is \"Pere\", and in modern French \"Pierre\". An obscure reference to a Pere Riu among some \"", "id": "16102630" }, { "contents": "Matfre Ermengau\n\n\n) of the work, \"Perilhos tractatz d'amor de donas, seguon qu'en han tractat li antic trobador en lurs cansos\", structured as a dialogue between the defenders Love and her critics, is filled with citations (266 by some counts) of other troubadours and even some trouvères; Matfre cited himself six (Jeanroy) or nine (Paden) times and cited his brother Peire twice. He was careful to cite poets from different eras, but his favourites appear to be Aimeric de Peguilhan, Bernart de Ventadorn, and Peire", "id": "4121404" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nhim to vernacular lyric poetry and he abandoned his career in the church for \"the vanity of this world\", according to his \"vida\". Peire began his career at the court of Raymond VI of Toulouse—from whom he sought patronage—and a document of 1204 refers to a \"Petrus Cardinalis\" as a scribe of Raymond's chancery. At Raymond's court, however, he appears to have been known as Peire del Puoi or Puei (). Around 1238 he wrote a \"partimen\" beginning \"", "id": "4006794" }, { "contents": "Peire de la Mula\n\n\n, \"Una leig vei d'escuoill\", was also an attack on minstrels (\"joglars\"), who, at his time, were bringing their \"insolence\" from across the Alps into the presence of the \"pros\" (powerful) of Italy. Peire refers in this work to both Breton (\"Bretz\") and Norman (\"Normans\") minstrels. Peire's only full-length work to survive, \"Dels joglars servir mi laisse\", is a \"sirventes joglaresc\", a \"sirventes", "id": "13683551" }, { "contents": "Sancha of Castile, Queen of Aragon\n\n\nSancha of Castile (21 September 1154/5 – 9 November 1208) was the only surviving child of King Alfonso VII of Castile by his second wife, Richeza of Poland. On January 18, 1174, she married King Alfonso II of Aragon at Zaragoza; they had at least eight children who survived into adulthood. A patroness of troubadours such as Giraud de Calanson and Peire Raymond, the queen became involved in a legal dispute with her husband concerning properties which formed part of her dower estates. In 1177 she entered the county of", "id": "21291157" }, { "contents": "Ottone del Carretto\n\n\nin 1217. He predeceased his father in 1228. His second son, Enrico (Henry), married Beatrice, daughter of Boniface I of Montferrat. A third son, Manfredo (Manfred), is only attested in one document of 1242 in the \"Codex Astensis\". Ottone was a patron of several troubadours, composers of Old Occitan lyric poetry. He is prominent in the \"vida\" (short vernacular biography) of Peire de la Mula. In one manuscript his name is given as \"miser N'Ot del Carret", "id": "18951554" }, { "contents": "Peire de Barjac\n\n\nare attributed to multiple troubadours in the manuscripts. Some attributed to Peire are also attributed to Peire de Bussignac, Berenguier de Palazol, Elias de Barjols, Guillem de la Tor, Pons de Capdoill and Uc de Saint Circ; yet few of these other attributions are reliable. One song attributed to Peire in one manuscript is unattributed in another. Stronski argues that the attribution to Elias de Barjols was an emendation by the scribe confronted with the unfamiliar name Peire de Barjac. Napolski considered the attribution to Pons de Capdoill dubious. Alfred", "id": "8049260" }, { "contents": "Uc de Lescura\n\n\nUc de Lescura or de l'Escura (fl. 1190–1204) was a minor troubadour. The \"Lescura\" of his birth is unknown. There is a Lescurre in Ariège, Aveyron, and Tarn. Based on references in his work, historian Alfred Adler placed him at the court of Alfonso VIII of Castile (whom he calls \"emperor\") and in Catalonia. Uc's only existing work is a \"sirventes\", \"De mots ricos no tem Peire Vidal\", that begins with a \"gab\" proclaiming his", "id": "7146555" }, { "contents": "Peire de Montagut\n\n\nPeire de Montagut (? – 28 January 1232) was Grand Master of the Knights Templar from 1218 to 1232. He took part in the Fifth Crusade and was against the Sultan of Egypt's conditions for raising the siege of Damietta. He was previously Master of the Crown of Aragon. A close friend of Guillaume de Chartres, it was most likely the trust the previous Grand Master had in him which meant he himself was elected so quickly in 1218. At the same time, the Grand Master of the Knights Hospitaller was", "id": "11505219" }, { "contents": "Alfonso II of Aragon\n\n\ntaking a lover who is richer than herself. The debate had been begun by Guilhem de Saint-Leidier and was taken up by Azalais de Porcairagues and Raimbaut of Orange; there was also a \"partimen\" on the topic between Dalfi d'Alvernha and Perdigon. Alfonso and his love affairs are mentioned in poems by many troubadours, including Guillem de Berguedà (who criticized his dealings with Azalais of Toulouse) and Peire Vidal, who commended Alfonso's decision to marry Sancha rather than Eudokia Komnene that he had preferred a poor Castilian maid", "id": "20647088" }, { "contents": "Peire de Ladils\n\n\nPeire de Ladils de Bazas (; fl. 1325–1355) was a Gascon troubadour associated with the Consistori del Gay Saber in Toulouse. He was from Bazas in the Gironde and he served as advocate for the Cathédrale Saint-Jean-Baptiste. His surviving work comprises four \"cansos\", three \"dansas\", and two \"partimens\". In 1340 he composed a political \"partimen\" with Raimon de Cornet. He, and presumably Raimon also, was apparently well-read in the romantic literature of his time. His", "id": "11791403" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\nspirited courtly love\") he is the only troubadour to ever use the term \"courtly love\". Marcabrunian influence can be seen here too. In a later Crusade song, Peire defended Marcabru's abandonment of the \"carnal amar\". He advocates \"gran sabers ni purs\" (\"great and pure wisdom\") through \"bon'amor\" (\"good love\"). Along with Bernart Marti, Bernart de Venzac, and Gavaudan, Peire was part of a \"Marcabrunian school\". Nonetheless, as mentioned above", "id": "6558333" }, { "contents": "Guilhem Peire Cazals de Caortz\n\n\ncor que trameta\", composed in 1240, which mirrors \"D'una leu chanso ai cor que m'entremeta\", a \"canso\" by Guilhem Peire, in metre and rhyme and therefore gives a \"terminus ante quem\" for the \"tenso\"'s composition. Nine of Guilhem Peire's poems are dedicated to a certain friend and jongleur known only by the affectionate \"senhal\" \"Ardit\". Generally he wrote in the trobar ric genre, and in his \"leu chanso\" (\"canso\" in the trobar leu", "id": "12553938" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\n. The author of his \"vida\", editorialising, considers his poems to have been the greatest until Giraut de Borneill and his melodies to have been the best ever. The anonymous biographer records that his information about Peire's later years comes from Dalfi d'Alvernha. It has been suggested that Dalfi was the author of the \"vida\". According to an accusation of fellow troubadour Bernart Marti, Peire entered upon a religious life early, but quit Holy Orders for a life of itinerant minstrelsy. He may be the same person", "id": "6558329" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nan opponent of Christianity or even the Crusades. In \"Totz lo mons es vestitiz et abrazatz\" he urged Philip III of France, who had recently succeeded his father, Louis IX, who died in 1270 on the failed Eighth Crusade, to go to the aid of Edward Longshanks, then on the Ninth Crusade in Syria. Near the end of the \"sirventes\", \"Ab votz d'angel, lengu' esperta, non bleza\", composed as noted probably around 1229, Peire's words, \"[s]'ieu fos", "id": "4006802" }, { "contents": "Albert Malaspina\n\n\nAlbert Malaspina (1160/1165–1206/1212), called Alberto Moro (\"the Moor\") and \"lo marches putanier\" (\"the whoring marquess\"), was a member of the illustrious Malaspina family. He was a noted troubadour and patron of troubadours. Albert disputes with Peire de la Caravana the position of earliest native Italian troubadour. He was a son of Obizzo I the Great and husband of a daughter of William V of Montferrat. His brother-in-law Boniface I of Montferrat and his nephews Corrado (Conrad)", "id": "17471547" }, { "contents": "Peire de Corbiac\n\n\n) and Peire elsewhere calls himself \"maistre\". Certainly Peire's \"Tezaur\" is didactic in nature: his purpose in writing was to convince the wise that though he was poor in material terms he was richer still. Composed in 840 alexandrines, the \"Tezaur\" is an encyclopaedic compilation of all that the troubadour knew. The work displays a great breadth of knowledge. He expends 547 lines narrating the chief events of the Old and New Testaments, then discusses the seven liberal arts, medicine, surgery, necromancy,", "id": "15078721" }, { "contents": "Peire de Valeira\n\n\nfor an early troubadour genre which did not survive. It may also be that the distinctiveness of Peire's genre was regional, a Gascon style. The later Gascon troubadour Guiraut de Calanso wrote verses that were \"d'aquella saison\" (\"of that time\") and disliked in Provence, perhaps pointing to a Gascon tradition (or \"literary fad\") which was not popular outside of \"Gascoigna\" (Gascony). The \"paubra valor\" (\"poor value\") of Peire's songs may be a reflection", "id": "18999210" }, { "contents": "Henry II of Rodez\n\n\nHenry II (Occitan: \"Enric II de Rodés\") (c. 1236–1304), of the House of Millau, was the Count of Rodez and Viscount of Carlat from 1274 until his death. He was the son of Hugh IV of Rodez and Isabeau de Roquefeuil. Henry II was a troubadour and patron of troubadours. He composed six poems that survive: four \"tensos\" and two \"partimens\" (alternatively five \"torneyamens\"). His short \"vida\" records an exchange of couplets between \"lo coms", "id": "16712769" }, { "contents": "Peire Bremon lo Tort\n\n\nPeire Bremon lo Tort (or Bremonz lo Tortz) (\"fl.\" 1177) was a troubadour from the Viennois. Though only two of his pieces (both love songs) survive, his poetry is characterised by Francoprovençalisms. According to his short \"vida\", he was \"honoured by all the notable men.\" Peire Bremon has been identified with the Petrus Bermudi and Peire Bremont found in documents of 1160 pertaining to the Dauphiné. He is possibly the same person as the Peire Bremon related to the Counts of", "id": "16694577" }, { "contents": "Bernart Marti\n\n\nBernart Marti was a troubadour, composing poems and satires in Occitan, in the mid twelfth century. They show that he was influenced by his contemporaries Marcabru and knew Peire d'Alvernha, whom, in one poem, he accused of abandoning holy orders. Along with Peire, Gavaudan, and Bernart de Venzac he is sometimes placed in a hypothetical Marcabrunian school. His work is \"enigmatic, ironic, and satiric\", but has no following among later troubadours, according to Gaunt and Kay. Nine or ten of Marti's poems", "id": "14690002" }, { "contents": "Occitan literature\n\n\nthe part he is said to have played both by his sword and his sirveniescs in the struggle between Henry II of England and his rebel sons, though the importance of his part in the events of the time seems to have been greatly exaggerated; Peire Vidal of Toulouse, a poet of varied inspiration who grew rich with gifts bestowed on him by the greatest nobles of his time; Guiraut de Borneil, \"lo macsire dels trobadors\", and at any rate master in the art of the so-called close style (", "id": "11312610" }, { "contents": "Peire de Maensac\n\n\nto the (unnamed) wife of Bernart de Tierci. According to his \"vida\" he sang so much to her that she eventually allowed herself to be \"abducted\" by him. He fled with her to the castle of Dalf d'Alvernha, but her husband waged a \"great war\" to bring her back. Dalfi reputedly defended the castle so well that Bernart was unable to ever reclaim her. Peire was called a \"pleasant companion\" by his biographer. He wrote mostly \"cansos\" of courtly love with \"", "id": "6679235" }, { "contents": "Aimerico Manrique de Lara\n\n\ndefend the rights of the viscounts of Narbonne, recognising the rights of Aimeric at the same time. In early 1176, Ermengarda to retired to the monastery of Fontfroide, leaving the reins of government in Narbonne in Aimeric's hands. Aimeric died on 14 October 1177. Raymond V recovered his rights in Narbonne and his ducal title. Peire Rogier, a troubadour who frequented Ermengarda's court, addressed a poem to the viscountess and Aimeric. It is one of Peire's few datable works, coming between the years of Aimeric's", "id": "7254812" }, { "contents": "Guilhem d'Anduza\n\n\nGuilhem d'Anduza (fl. 1244–81) was a minor troubadour active in the middle of the thirteenth century. He belonged to the family of the lords of Anduze, who were patrons of several other troubadours. He was the eldest son of Peire Bremon VII, the last lord of Anduze and Sauve, and Josserande de Poitiers. Most of his father's lands were confiscated for rebellion in 1244. Guilhem acquired the barony of Olargues through marriage and inherited Hierle on his father's death in 1254. His petition to recover Anduze and", "id": "15667365" }, { "contents": "Guillem de Ribes\n\n\nof Miralpeix (now part of Sitges), held by one of his vassals, when it came under siege by two rivals, Berenguer de Castellet and Eymerich de Espiells. The castle was taken in an assault and partially destroyed. In a lawsuit brought against Guillem in the early 1200s, it was alleged that he had deliberately impeded the defence of the castle to his own benefit. He was succeeded by his nephew, Ponç II. The troubadour Peire d'Alvernhe composed a song satirizing twelve contemporary troubadours. It was probably first performed", "id": "10989340" }, { "contents": "Peire Guillem de Tolosa\n\n\nPeire Guillem (or Guilhem) de Tolosa was a 13th-century troubadour from Toulouse. Only one \"sirventes\" he wrote (\"En Sordel, que us es semblan\"), a \"tenso\" with the contemporary Italian poet Sordello, survives. According to his \"vida\" he was a courtly man who loved high society. The author of the \"vida\" also expresses admiration for his couplets but bewails the excessive number he composed, though so few of his works survive to this day. He was also", "id": "15990053" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\ncan detect the moralising influence of Marcabru, with whom in whose old age he was possibly acquainted. One of Marcabru's late songs is a satire of an early one by Peire d'Alvernhe. Marcabru's complexity was also imparted to Peire. On the topic of courtly love, Peire, who had abandoned the religious life early, came to abandon the claims of \"fin'amor\" (\"fine love\") later. When Peire espouses love of the Holy Ghost over \"cortez' amors de bon aire\" (\"well-", "id": "6558332" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\nthem and beg their mercy.\" By far, however, Peire's most famous work is \"Chantarai d'aquest trobadors\", a \"sirventes\" written at Puivert (\"Puoich-vert\") in which he ridicules twelve contemporary troubadours (\"a poetical gallery\") and praises himself. It has been conjectured that this piece was first performed in the presence of all twelve of the ridiculed poets in late Summer 1170 while an embassy bringing Eleanor, daughter of Henry II of England, to her Spanish goorm Alfonso VIII of", "id": "6558336" }, { "contents": "Peire de la Caravana\n\n\nbeen dated to as early as 1157. However, Peire incites the Lombard cities by harkening back to the fate of the baronage of Apulia who had resisted the Germans earlier: \"Lombart, beus gardazbr \"Que ja non siazbr \"Pejer que compraz,br \"Si ferm non estaz!br \"De Pulla'us sovegnabr \"Dels valens barosbr \"Qu'il non an que pegnabr \"For de lor maisos;br \"Gardaz non devegnabr \"Autretal de vos! This has led some to date it to 1194, when Henry VI conquered Sicily or as late", "id": "20349650" }, { "contents": "Marcoat\n\n\nMarcoat was a minor Gascon troubadour and joglar who flourished in the mid twelfth century. He is often cited in connexion with Eleanor of Aquitaine and is placed in a hypothetical \"school\" of poetry which includes Bernart de Ventadorn, Marcabru, Cercamon, Jaufre Rudel, Peire Rogier, and Peire de Valeria among others. Of all his works, only two \"sirventes\" survive: \"Mentre m'obri eis huisel\" and \"Una re.us dirai, en Serra\". Marcoat was an innovator building off the work of the contemporary Gascon", "id": "10485658" }, { "contents": "Gonzalo Ruiz\n\n\nmarry Alfonso VIII of Castile, then the identification of Guossalbo Roitz with Gonzalo Ruiz of Bureba becomes probable. Peire has this to say about his eleventh \"victim\" in lines 67 to 72: Peire is making fun of Gonzalo's well-known military career. In fact, Peire may have learned about Gonzalo on a trip he made to Castile in the spring of 1158. If he did not meet Gonzalo at the Castilian court, where Gonzalo undoubtedly was between January and February, then he may have met him at the", "id": "12361307" }, { "contents": "Peire Bremon lo Tort\n\n\nToulouse in a stanza of Peire d'Alvernhe's satire of contemporary troubadours. \"Peire Bremon\" was not a rare name and it was shared by the later troubadour, sometimes erroneously identified with lo Tort (whose nickname means \"the Wrong\"), Peire Bremon Ricas Novas. Peire's earlier poem, \"Mei oill an gran manentia\", was written as the troubadour prepared to depart from Syria, where he had been staying. He left behind a beloved \"domna\" (lady), whom he celebrated in the poem", "id": "16694578" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nabout the nuns may have additional significance. His tone changes after this and his closing lines suggest though that all this is a miracle from the \"saintly fathers\", suggesting his acceptance of things: Cardenal.org says that some have interpreted these lines as suggesting that Peire married at this time. By the end of his life he appears reconciled to the new \"modus vivendi\" in southern France. He died at an advanced age (allegedly one hundred years old) possibly either in Montpellier or Nimes, but this is only a", "id": "4006804" }, { "contents": "Peire Vidal\n\n\nPeire Vidal (born mid-12th century) was an Old Occitan troubadour. Forty-five of his songs are extant. The twelve that still have melodies bear testament to the deserved nature of his musical reputation. There is no contemporary reference to Peire outside of his works of poetry. His \"vida\" (a short Occitan biography)—composed about fifty years after his death—and two \"razos\" (short commentaries on specific poems) are probably fictionalised works built on episodes from his poems. Only the opening line of the \"vida", "id": "7150829" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\ndaughter or perhaps Peire's wife Marie) and then apparently to the couple's son James I of Aragon, born at Candlemas, according to James's Chronicle. It's not clear who the \"crois hom\" or \"dreadful man\" is in the final couplet, whose deeds are \"piggish\": Peire has really never addressed anyone in this verse but Peter II and those close to him. (But dualism had by then made its way into some of the local religious views of Medieval Languedoc: in dualist philosophy", "id": "4006797" }, { "contents": "Guillem de Balaun\n\n\nVierneta when he next returned to see Guilhelma. After a long time he returned, did reconcile Peire and Vierneta, and gave Peire more joy than he had felt even when he first won his lady. In order to test whether or not the joy of recovering a lady was greater than that of winning her, Guillem acted as though he were very angry with her. He ceased to discuss her or hear her discussed, to send her messages, or to visit her region. She sent him pleading messengers and letters of", "id": "21063206" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nmaritz\", \"if I were wed\", suggest that he is not yet wed. The verse which follows provides evidence in the view of some that Peire married: it first mocks the \"barrenness that bears fruit\" of the \"[beguinas\" (beguines, who may have sometimes been associated with the Dominicans; Hill and Bergin in 1973 said this was a reference to nuns of the Dominican Order). Throughout the verse of course Peire had been poking fun at the Dominican clergy, but the comment", "id": "4006803" }, { "contents": "Antide Boyer\n\n\nhis father, a potter. He spent four years at the minor seminary of Marseille, where he lost his faith in Christianity. He met Pierre Mazière at the seminary, who later wrote under the nom-de-plume Peire Simoun. He worked for the Chemins de fer de Paris à Lyon et à la Méditerranée (PLM), then at the La Ciotat shipyards, and then ran a wholesale oil and soap store with his first wife. He was one of the founders of the Bouches-du-Rhone Socialist", "id": "16118352" }, { "contents": "Peire de Valeira\n\n\nthe Gironde. His \"vida\" places his birthplace in the fief of Arnaut Guillem de Marsan, who was himself a troubadour. He was a contemporary of Marcabru and originally a jongleur. His poems were typical for the time, according to Uc de Saint Circ, the probable author of his \"vida\", being about natural objects (like leaves, flowers, and birds), but not of great value to the biographer's time. But Uc saves his harshest critique for the end, as Elizabeth Poe relates:", "id": "18999207" }, { "contents": "Troubadour\n\n\nNicoletto da Torino, Peire Raimon de Tolosa, Peire Rogier, Peire de Valeira, Peirol, Pistoleta, Perdigon, Salh d'Escola, Uc de la Bacalaria, Uc Brunet, and Uc de Saint Circ were jongleur-troubadours. A \"vida\" is a brief prose biography, written in Occitan, of a troubadour. The word \"vida\" means \"life\" in Occitan. In the chansonniers, the manuscript collections of medieval troubadour poetry, the works of a particular author are often accompanied by a short prose biography.", "id": "16794140" }, { "contents": "Peire de la Caravana\n\n\nas 1225, when the city-states of northern Italy renewed the old Lombard League in opposition to Henry's son, Frederick I of Sicily, Holy Roman Emperor. Writing in Lombardy in the Occitan tongue under the nominal sovereignty of the German monarch, Peire took the opportunity to poke fun at the German language, writing in a famously debated passage: \"Granoglas resembla\" [\"la gent d'Alemanha\"]br \"En dir\"(\"e\"): Broder, guaz;br \"Lairan, quant s'asemblabr \"Cum cans enrabjaz\".brbr Frogs resemble [the people of", "id": "20349651" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\n. In his wanderings he may have spent some time at Cortezon, at the court of the minor nobleman and troubadour Raimbaut d'Aurenga. Peire lived a long into old age, and performed penance before dying. Peire wrote mostly \"cansos\", which, as his \"vida\" points out, were called \"vers\" in his day. He also invented the \"pious song\" and wrote six such poems dealing with serious themes of religion, piety, and spirituality. Even in his more profane works, however, one", "id": "6558331" }, { "contents": "Raymond Pilet d'Alès\n\n\nRaymond Pilet (Raymond de Narbonnne-Pelet) (1075-1120), the only child of Bernard I Pilet of Narbonne and his wife, whose name is unknown. Seigneur of Alès. Bernard was the son of Raymond II, Viscount of Narbone from 1066 to 1067. The name “pelet” refers to a fur that the nobility wore over their cuirass and coats-of-arms. Raymond distinguished himself as a great warrior during the First Crusade. Many of the chroniclers of the Crusades, including William of Tyre", "id": "10100689" }, { "contents": "Dalfi d'Alvernha\n\n\nGuillemette de Comborn, Countess of Montferrand, daughter of Archambaud, Viscount of Comborn, and Jourdaine of Périgord. Their children were Aélis, Guillaume (William, later Count of Clermont), Blanche, and Alix. Troubadours who worked with Dalfi or sang at his court include Peirol, Perdigon, Peire de Maensac, Gaucelm Faidit, and Uc de Saint Circ; his cousin, bishop Robert of Clermont, exchanged satirical and erotic verses with him, as did Richard Coeur de Lion. One \"partimen\" between Dauphin and Perdigon", "id": "11683786" }, { "contents": "Troubadour\n\n\nwhose style seems to have fallen out of favour, was the \"Gascon school\" of Cercamon, Peire de Valeira, and Guiraut de Calanso. Cercamon was said by his biographer to have composed in the \"old style\" (\"la uzansa antiga\") and Guiraut's songs were \"d'aquella saison\" (\"of that time\"). This style of poetry seems to be attached to early troubadours from Gascony and was characterised by references to nature: leaves, flowers, birds, and their songs. This Gascon", "id": "16794155" }, { "contents": "Aimeric de Belenoi\n\n\nAimeric de Belenoi (fl. 1215–1242) was a Gascon troubadour. At least fifteen of his songs survived. Seven others were attributed to him in some medieval manuscripts. Aimeric was born in the castle of Lesparra in the Bordelais (\"metropolis civitas Burdigalensium\", the modern Gironde). His uncle was another troubadour, Peire de Corbiac. His \"vida\" says he was a cleric and later a jongleur before he took to \"inventing good songs, which were beautiful and charming.\" He apparently was the feudal lord", "id": "15990224" }, { "contents": "Jaufre de Pons\n\n\nis a \"partimen\" with Guiraut Riquier (\"Guiraut Riquier, diatz me,\" composed probably 1270 or 1280–1). Jaufre's part in the debate consists in asking plain youthful questions about love only to receive the bitter and experienced answers of Guiraut in proverbial form. Jaufre was probably the husband of Isabeau, daughter of Henry II of Rodez, a patron of troubadours. In 1292 he rendered homage to the lord of Châteauroux. Some scholars have suspected that there were more than one Jaufre de Pons (one from the", "id": "20235204" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\nthe \"trobar braus\" as a legitimate format for \"rough\" themes. One anonymous song of the Fifth Crusade, \"Lo Senhre que formet lo tro\", written between Spring 1213 and July 1214 has been attributed to Peire d'Alvernhe, but the dating makes that impossible. In a \"tenso\" between a Bernart (probably Bernart de Ventadorn) and an unnamed Peire, perhaps Peire d'Alvernhe, the latter argues that \"it is not becoming for ladies to make love-pleas; it is fitting that men plead with", "id": "6558335" }, { "contents": "Peire Guillem de Tolosa\n\n\nsaid to have composed \"sirventes joglarescs\", or \"sirventes\" in the manner of joglars, in order to criticise \"the barons\" (presumably the high noblesse). He also wrote a work criticising the prolific trouvère Theobald I of Navarre. The troubadour Bertran Carbonel twice mentions another troubadour by the initials P.G., possibly indicating Peire Guilhem. He mourns a certain P.G. in a \"planh\", where the initials probably stand in the manuscript for a full name, since three syllables would be required by the metre.", "id": "15990054" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\nappearance and manners has been cited in support of the view that the parody was done in the presence of all twelve victims, further supporting the conclusion that the parody was good-natured. Besides the criticism of a personal nature, many of the criticism launched by Peire allude to the works of the others, notably those of Bernart de Ventadorn and Raimbaut d'Aurenga. Peire's \"vida\" acclaimed him an accomplished singer and the greatest composer of melodies for verses yet known. Peire's famous \"Chantarai d'aquest trobadors\" contains a", "id": "6558338" }, { "contents": "Peire de Corbiac\n\n\ncentury before its appearance in Latin as \"contrapunctus\", today's counterpoint. The \"Tezaur\" had a lasting influence in the Late Middle Ages. The Jew Emanuele da Roma wrote the \"Ninth Meḥabbereth\", a Hebrew poem based on the \"Tesoretto\" of Brunetto Latini, itself based on the \"Tezaur\" of Peire. Peire was a religious man, as the dedicatory first verse of his \"Tezaur\" attests: it contains a dedication to Jesus and Mary and a statement of Trinitarian faith. His prayer to", "id": "15078723" }, { "contents": "Amanieu de Sescars\n\n\nSicily, and 1291, when he inherited Aragon. Amanieu's second didactic work, the \"Ensenhamen de la donsela\" can be dated between 1291 and 1295 by a reference to James as King of Aragon and to the ongoing War of the Sicilian Vespers. It is addressed to an unnamed \"donsela\" (young woman) and is designed to teach her how to behave in courtly society and how to be respected. Amanieu's poetry is definitely influenced by Peire Vidal and also possibly by Arnaut de Maruelh. The later troubadour", "id": "7359304" } ]

[ { "contents": "Peire Pelet\n\n\nPeire Pelet (died 1303) was the \"conseigneur\" of Alès in the Languedoc. He was married to Delfina (Delphine), a sister of Henry II of Rodez. He is the senher d'Alest (the lord of Alès) referred to as a participant in the \"torneyamen\" \"Senhe n'Enric, us reys un ric avar\" along with his brother-in-law Henry and the troubadour Guiraut Riquier. Peire was descended from a Raymond Pelet who took part in the First Crusade. His father was Bernard Pelet", "id": "9562337" }, { "contents": "Peire Pelet\n\n\n, who died in September 1252, leaving his entire heritage to his eldest son, William, under the tutelage of Bernard de Barre, Guillaume de Pontils, and Jean de Bossoles. In 1253 William, with his tutors and his younger brothers, including Peire, received the homage of their father's vassals: Hugues de Melet, Pierre de Spinasson, and many others, in the presence of Pierre Gaucelin, Bérenger de la Fare, Arnaud d'Arsac, and Pierre Gaucelin de Follaquier. On the death of William without heirs Peire", "id": "9562338" }, { "contents": "Peire Pelet\n\n\nsucceeded him. He married Delfina sometime before April 1276, when her brother released a sum of money left her by their father, Henry I: a hundred marks of silver or 5,000 \"sols tournois\". In 1274 James I of Aragon renounced the homage and oath of fealty owed by Peire for his fief since his great-great-grandfather, Bertrand Pelet, Count of Melgueil, had rendered it to James's grandfather, Alfonso II. Peire then began a war with Bérenger de Frédol, Bishop of Maguelonne, over", "id": "9562339" }, { "contents": "Peire Pelet\n\n\nthe county of Melgueil, which at that time was held by the bishop from the Papacy. In 1276 the combatants were brought before the episcopal court of the Archdiocese of Narbonne. Peire lost the case and was ordered to pay 1,000 \"livres\" in compensation. Joseph Angalde placed the aforementioned \"torneyamen\" around 1280–1, before the death of Peire, which he believed occurred in 1282; after the return of Riquier from Castile in 1279; and after the succession of Henry, who he believed was referred to as \"coms", "id": "9562340" }, { "contents": "Peire Raimon de Tolosa\n\n\nPeire Ramon's name (as \"Petrus Raimundus\") appears in two documents of Toulouse, dated to 1182 and 1214. According to his \"vida\", he became a jongleur and travelled to the court of Alfonso II of Aragon, who bestowed great honour on him. The earliest datable work by Peire Ramon is a \"planh\" written on the death of Henry the Young King in 1183. According to his \"vida\" Peire passed \"a long time\" at the courts of Alfonso, William VIII of Montpellier", "id": "19379363" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\npoetry. Among the other troubadours Peire encountered in his travels were Aimeric de Belenoi and Raimon de Miraval. He may have met Daude de Pradas and Guiraut Riquier at Rodez. Peire was influenced by Cadenet, whom he honoured in one of his pieces. He was possibly influenced by Bernart de Venzac. In his early days he was a vehement opponent of the French, the clergy and the Albigensian Crusade. In the \"sirventes\", \"Ab votz d'angel, lengu' esperta, non bleza\", dated by Hill and", "id": "4006799" }, { "contents": "Peire Vidal\n\n\nMany of his early poems were addressed to Vierna de Porcellet, a relative of the count's. In some poems Peire, Vierna and Raymond form a love triangle. From Toulouse Peire went to the court of King Alfonso II of Aragon, where he remained in good favour until the king's death in 1196. He continued to occasionally visit the court of Alfonso's son, Peter II In the rivalry between the rulers of Toulouse and Aragon, Peire took the side of Aragon. He visited the court of King Alfonso VIII", "id": "7150831" }, { "contents": "William I of Cagliari\n\n\nhis death. Allegedly, he was a man of some culture, as he was in reportedly in contact with the Provençal troubadours Peire de la Caravana and Peire Vidal, likely to contract their services on behalf of his wealthy patrons. He was the son of Giorgia, daughter of Constantine II of Cagliari, and Obert, Margrave of Massa. He was a brother of William, Margrave of Massa. His paternal relatives were a branch of the Obertenghi who ruled Massa Lunense from the 11th century. Constantine II's eldest daughter married", "id": "6352696" }, { "contents": "Peire de Valeira\n\n\n.\" Peire's entire \"vida\", found in MSS \"I\" and \"K\", however, is probably unreliable, since it appears to confuse him with another Gascon troubadour, Arnaut de Tintinhac. Peire is often placed in a hypothetical \"school\" of poetry which includes Bernart de Ventadorn, Cercamon, Jaufre Rudel, Marcabru, Marcoat, and Peire Rogier among others. Further, the references in his \"vida\" to songs of the time concerning leaves, flowers, songs, and birds may be evidence", "id": "18999209" }, { "contents": "Bertran de Gourdon\n\n\n. Bertran surrendered promptly to the Crusaders under Simon de Montfort in May 1218 and did homage to Simon for his lands. Bertran wrote a comic \"tenso\", that is poetical debate, with Peire Raimon de Tolosa, now known by the incipit \"Totz tos afars es nienz\". It was dated to before 1211 by Joseph Anglade on the basis that Bertran was probably not at odds with his fellow southern barons yet if he was, as Anglade, suspects, playing host and patron to Peire Raimon, who had just", "id": "17663226" }, { "contents": "Peire de la Mula\n\n\npoet named only \"Mola\" who exchanged some verses with Guilhem Raimon. He may be the same individual as Peire de la Mula, but he has also been identified with the \"joglars\" Tremoleta. One of Peire's surviving couplets, \"Ia de razon no.m cal metr'en pantais\", can be dated to before 1185 on the basis of a reference to \"Androin\"(\"e\"), that is, Andronicus I Comnenus, who died that year. It was a screed against the young and rich. Peire's other couplet", "id": "13683550" }, { "contents": "Peire Raimon de Tolosa\n\n\n, and a certain \"Count Raymond\", which could refer to either Raymond V of Toulouse or, more probably, Raymond VI. He also spent time in Italy (Lombardy and Piedmont), at the courts of Thomas I of Savoy, Guglielmo Malaspina, and Azzo VI of Este. Azzo's daughter Beatriz was the addressee of one of Peire's poems. Eventually Peire settled down with a wife in Pamiers and there he died. Peire was reputed as a singer and composer of \"cansos\". His work is", "id": "19379364" }, { "contents": "Peire Vidal\n\n\n\" is probably reliable. It says that he \"was from Toulouse, the son of a furrier\": \"si fo de Tolosa, fils d'un pelissier\". The fur and leather industry was well established in Toulouse, near the church of Saint Pierre des Cuisines, in the twelfth century. Peire started his career, along with the troubadour Bernart Durfort, at the court of Count Raymond V of Toulouse around 1176. He continued there until 1190, when he left to seek another patron after quarrelling with the count.", "id": "7150830" }, { "contents": "Guilhem Peire Cazals de Caortz\n\n\nGuilhem Peire Cazals de Caortz or Guilhem Peire de Cazals was a troubadour of the first half of the thirteenth century. He was born or lived in Cahors, Quercy, from which his name \"de Caortz\". Eleven of his works, including one \"tenso\", survive. The only sure way to date Guilhem Peire's life and work is by his \"tenso\" with Bernart de la Barta, who was alive in 1229, and by a \"sirventes\" of Guilhem Figueira, \"Un nou sirventes ai en", "id": "12553937" }, { "contents": "Peire Vidal\n\n\nof Castile at Toledo in 1195 and intermittently thereafter until 1201. He also stayed for a time at the court of King Alfonso IX of León, where the Galician–Portuguese lyric was favoured over the Occitan. Among Peire's many lesser patrons were Lord William VIII of Montpellier and his wife, the Byzantine princess Eudokia Komnene. (William was both a vassal of Peter II and his father-in-law.) Peire attended the Aragonese court during some of its visits to Narbonne, but although the ruling viscountess of that", "id": "7150832" }, { "contents": "Peire de la Mula\n\n\nPeire (or Pietro) de la Mula (\"fl. c.\" 1200) was an Italian troubadour. Of his writings a pair of couplets and one \"sirventes\" are all that survive. According to his \"vida\", he was a \"joglars\" and \"trobaire\" (troubadour) who stayed for a long time in Montferrat, Cortemilia, and the Piedmont at the court of Ottone del Carretto (fl. 1190–1233). This places Peire's activity before 1209, when Ottone lost Cortemilia. It has", "id": "13683548" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nsupposition, based on where the biographer and compiler Miquel de la Tor was active. Three of Peire's songs have surviving melodies, but two (for a \"canso\" and a \"sirventes\") were composed by others: Guiraut de Bornelh and Raimon Jordan respectively. Like many of his contemporary troubadours, Peire merely composed \"contrafacta\". The third, for \"Un sirventesc novel vuelh comensar\", may be Peire's own work. It is similar to the borrowed melody of Guiraut de Bornelh, mostly syllabic with", "id": "4006805" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\nas the \"Petrus d'Alvengue\" and \"Petrus de Alvernia\" who appear in surviving documents from Montpellier dated to the year 1148. Peire appears to have cultivated the favour of the ruling family of the Crown of Aragon, and his poems contain allusions to the counts of Barcelona and Provence. Perhaps he was following the fashion of the lords of Montpellier of his time, who, though vassals of the Count of Toulouse, were partial to the Aragonese. At the same time Peire did garner the support of Raymond V of Toulouse", "id": "6558330" }, { "contents": "Peire de Maensac\n\n\nPeire de Maensac was an Auvergnat knight and troubadour. He was from Maensac (either Mauzat, Manzat or Mainsat) in the lands of Dalfi d'Alvernha. He came from the petty nobility. His brother Austor or Austors was also a troubadour, but none of his works survives. According to Peire's \"vida\" the brothers agreed that one of them would \"have the castle\" (i.e. inherit) and the other would be the \"inventor\" (i.e. troubadour). Peire became the troubadour. He wrote poems dedicated", "id": "6679234" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nworldly deeds might be seen as \"piggish\".) Peire subsequently travelled widely, visiting the courts of Auvergne, Les Baux, Foix, Rodez, and Vienne. He may have even ventured into Spain and met Alfonso X of Castile, and James I of Aragon, although he never mentions the latter by name in his poems. (James is however of course mentioned in Peire's \"vida\".) During his travels Peire was accompanied by a suite of jongleurs, some of whom receive mention by name in his", "id": "4006798" }, { "contents": "Peire Raimon de Tolosa\n\n\ncharacterised by themes of nature. His style was hermetic. He imitated the troubadours Cadenet and Arnaut Daniel and was in turn imitated by Bertran de Born, especially as regards his use of natural imagery. Bertran went so far as to copy almost a whole stanza from Peire's \"No.m puesc sofrir d'una leu chanso faire.\" In \"Us noels pessamens\", Peire even anticipates the Tuscan poet Dante Alighieri. Peire is complaining about a mistress who first beckoned him and then broke her promise to him when he says: Peire", "id": "19379365" }, { "contents": "Aimeric de Belenoi\n\n\nwhere he probably had contact with Aimeric de Pegulhan, Albertet de Sestaro, Guillem Augier Novella and Peirol. He may also have made the acquaintance of Peire Cardenal. Aimeric went to Castile before making his final trip to Catalonia. His last datable work was \"Nulhs hom en res no falh\", a \"planh\" for Nuño Sánchez, who died in 1242. This \"planh\" was addressed to the \"comtessa Beatris\", wife of Raymond Berengar IV of Provence, and \"senher N'Imo\", her brother Aimone", "id": "15990226" }, { "contents": "Peire Bremon Ricas Novas\n\n\nproensal\", with its reference to \"us Provençals\". Peire's first datable work is a \"tenso\" written at the court of Raymond Berengar IV of Provence in 1230 with Gui de Cavalhon. At the court of Provence Peire also met Bertran d'Alamanon and Sordello, whose \"planh\" for Blacatz he imitated. Peire left the court of Raymond Berengar sometime in or after 1237 and went to that of Barral of Baux and thence to that of Raymond VII of Toulouse. Though there is no record of his having visited", "id": "12717295" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nsecond stanza Peire mentions Peter's success in the Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa; in the third he alludes to the sacking of Béziers (whose count Raymond Roger Trencavel was supposed to have been Peter's vassal): at Béziers the poorer soldiers of the Inquisition were flogged by the wealthier, and this is the theme of the stanza. Peire's mention of the court of Constantine may also again evoke the divorce proceedings of Peter and Marie where Peire ultimately lost. Peire later alludes to the death of someone (perhaps a", "id": "4006796" }, { "contents": "Elias de Barjols\n\n\naffability\" of Giraut IV Trencaleon d'Armagnac, the \"generosity\" of Randon (a lord of this name died before 1219, when he is mentioned in the testament of his son-in-law; he was the nephew of the troubadour Garin lo Brun), the \"good responses\" of Dalfi d'Alvernha, the \"wits\" of \"Peir cui es Monleos\" (maybe the troubadour Peire de Gavaret), the \"chivalry\" of Brian, the \"wisdom\" of Bertran, the \"courtesy\" of a", "id": "20595774" }, { "contents": "Peire Guilhem de Luserna\n\n\nPeire Guilhem de Luserna () was a Piedmontese troubadour. Peire's identity as an Italian has been up for debate since the 19th century. \"Luserna\" more probably refers to Luserna in the Piedmont, rich and populous in Peire’s time, a town on the left bank of the Pellice lying on the road into the Viennois and Dauphiné, Occitan-speaking territories. On the other hand, it may be Lusarne (\"Luserna\" in Italian) in the Leberon valley in Provence, on the road between Reillane in", "id": "10437582" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nPeire del Puei, li trobador\" with Aimeric de Pegulhan. At Raymond's court also perhaps, probably in 1213, Peire composed a \"sirventes\", \"Las amairitz, qui encolpar las vol\", which may have encouraged Peter II of Aragon to help Toulouse in the Battle of Muret, where Peter died. In this \"sirventes\" Peire alludes first perhaps to the accusations of adultery that Peter had leveled against Peter's wife Maria of Montpellier but also perhaps to the various changes in law governing women. In the", "id": "4006795" }, { "contents": "Peire Lunel de Montech\n\n\nPeire Lunel de Montech (fl. 1326–1384), also known as Cavalier Lunel or Peire de Lunel, was a lawyer, politician and author of Toulouse. His name indicates he was a knight (\"cavalier\" in Occitan) from Montech. In his youth he was a troubadour. A \"canso\", a Crusading song, a \"sirventes\", an \"ensenhamen\" and some moralising \"coblas esparsas\" survive of his work. The Crusading song is dated to around 1326. It is a critique of King", "id": "11493706" }, { "contents": "Ermengarde, Viscountess of Narbonne\n\n\nthe langue d'oïl in the north. She corresponded with many troubadours, including Peire Rogier, Giraut de Bornelh, Peire d'Alvergne, Pons d'Ortafa, and Salh d'Escola, as well as the trobairitz Azalais de Porcairagues. In addition it is believed that she welcomed to her court Rognvald II of Orkney, a Viking prince that became a saint, and poet, who composed skaldic poetry for her. Without issue after two unhappy marriages, Ermengarde designated as heir Pedro Manrique de Lara -the second but eldest surviving son of her half-sister", "id": "17254566" }, { "contents": "Peire de Corbiac\n\n\nPeire de Corbiac or Corbian was a Gascon cleric and troubadour of the thirteenth century. His most famous works are a religious piece, the \"Prière à la Vierge\" (prayer to the Virgin), and his \"treasures\", \"Lo tezaurs\" (c. 1225). Peire was born at Corbiac near Bordeaux to a poor family. He was educated at Orléans in the Scholastic tradition. His nephew was the troubadour Aimeric de Belenoi, whose \"vida\" refers to him as \"maestre\" (master, teacher", "id": "15078720" }, { "contents": "Peire de la Caravana\n\n\nGermany]br In saying: \"Brother, watz!\"br The sound of which as much resemblesbr Dogs barking. The German word \"watz\" is said to be an interjection resembling the clinking of glasses and proposes a toast. Peire also had ties to Sardinia. He dedicated his \"D'un serventes faire\" to a \"senhal Malgrat de toz\", which has been identified as Barisone II of Arborea, who was crowned King of Sardinia at Pavia by the Emperor Frederick I in return for 4,000 silver marks from Genoa, but was later deposed", "id": "20349652" }, { "contents": "Pere de Montsó\n\n\n. If Pattison's reconstruction of events surrounding Peire d'Alvernhe's satire is correct, however, Pere de Montsó was attached to the Spanish entourage (possibly as a jongleur) of Eleanor, daughter of Henry II of England and fiancée of Alfonso VIII of Castile, who was travelling through Gascony on her way to Spain when she and her entourage were entertained by Peire's satire. Pattison suggest on the basis of this stanza that the troupe had also travelled through the lands of Toulouse and met in the presence of the Count, whose", "id": "11269399" }, { "contents": "Occitan literature\n\n\nof Ventadour's father was a servant, Peire Vidal's a maker of furred garments, Perdigon's a fisher. Others belonged to the bourgeoisie, Peire d'Alvernha, for example, Peire Raimon of Toulouse, and Elias Fonsalada. Likewise we see merchants' sons as troubadours; this was the case with Folquet of Marseille and Aimeric de Peguilhan. A great many were clerics, or at least studied for the Church, for instance, Arnaut de Mareuil, Uc de Saint Circ, Aimeric de Belenoi, Hugh Brunet, Peire Cardenal", "id": "11312613" }, { "contents": "Pere de Montsó\n\n\nPere de Montsó (fl. 1173), also Peire de Monzo(n), was an Aragonese troubadour, though none of his compositions survive. He was probably from Monzón near the border with Catalonia, but he may have hailed from Monzón de Campos in Castile, as Ramón Menéndez Pidal believed. He is the subject of the eighth stanza of a famous satire of twelve troubadours by Peire d'Alvernhe. This stanza has different readings: The verse is very unclear. The first reading suggests that Raymond V of Toulouse had heard Pere sing", "id": "11269398" }, { "contents": "Peire de Barjac\n\n\nPeire de Barjac was a Languedocian troubadour who flourished in the first half of the thirteenth century. He was a descendant of the troubadours Guillem de Randon and Garin lo Brun. Only one of poem that was certainly written by Peire survives: \"Tot francamen, domna, veing denan vos\". The rubric above the poem in the manuscript labels it a \"conjat\" and scholars have classified it as a \"mala canso\", or bad \"canso\". It is a song about leaving his lover. Many other songs", "id": "8049259" }, { "contents": "Pierre Roger de Cabaret\n\n\nPierre Roger de Cabaret (French) or Pèire Rogièr de Cabaret (Occitan) (fl. 13th century) was a military leader of the Occitan forces in the Albigensian Crusade. He inherited three hilltop castles near modern-day Lastours from his father. He was a patron of the troubadours, including Peire Vidal. He was a vassal of viscount Raymond Roger Trencavel, and was present with him during the siege of the castrum of Carcassonne in early stages of the Albigensian Crusade in 1209. Allegedly, Pierre-Roger advised Trencavel", "id": "11128862" }, { "contents": "Peire Raimon de Tolosa\n\n\nPeire Raimon de Tolosa (or Toloza; fl. 1180–1220) was a troubadour from the merchant class of Toulouse. He is variously referred to as \"lo Viellz\" (\"the Old\") and \"lo Gros\" (\"the Fat\"), though these are thought by some to refer to two different persons. On the other hand, \"lo Viellz\" could refer to his being of an early generation of troubadours. Eighteen of Peire Ramon's poems survive, one \"canso\" with a melody.", "id": "19379362" }, { "contents": "Peire Vidal\n\n\ncity, Ermengarde, was a notable patron of troubadours (like Azalais de Porcairagues) there is no indication that she patronised Peire or that he wrote songs for her. Peire was also associated with Raimon Jaufre Barral, viscount of Marseille and brother-in-law of Vierna. Barral's son-in-law, Hugh of Baux, was also a patron of Peire Vidal. The troubadour Blacatz, a relative of Hugh's and of modest wealth, was a patron. Peire Vidal is referenced in Ezra Pound's poem", "id": "7150833" }, { "contents": "Peire Guilhem de Luserna\n\n\nthe Basses-Alpes and Bastide-des-Jourdans. Peire was probably at the court of the Este beginning in 1221, during the reign of Azzo VII, husband of Giovanna, the object of one of Peire's songs. Sometime before arriving at Ferrara, Peire was probably at the court of Manfred III of Saluzzo. In 1220 Aimeric de Peguilhan, then at the Malaspina court, mentioned him in a poem—\"Ni un autre tirador / qu’eu no vuoill dir de Luserna\"—as being among a quintet of Occitan poets at Saluzzo: Peire", "id": "10437583" }, { "contents": "Gonzalo Ruiz\n\n\nthe 1170s. If Gonzalo Ruiz is de Azagra, it should be noted that his brother's daughter, Tota Pérez, was married to Diego López de Haro—with whom the lord of La Bureba had a connexion—who was a great patron of troubadours. Rigaut de Barbezill, Peire Vidal, and Aimeric de Pegulhan all spent time at his court, as did Rodrigo Díaz de los Cameros, his son-in-law, one of the earliest Galician-Portuguese troubadours. Riquer attaches the Castilian embassy in France circa", "id": "12361311" }, { "contents": "Peire de la Caravana\n\n\nPeire de la Caravana (also Cavarana, Gavarana, or Cà Varana, perhaps meaning \"near Verona\") was an Italian troubadour (\"trovatore\") in Lombardy in the late 12th and early 13th centuries. He was one of the earliest Occitan troubadours in Italy. He is famous for his \"sirventes\". Among his preserved works are the \"sirventes\" \"D'un serventes faire\" and \"La Paz de Costanza\". Peire wrote the first encouraging the communes of northern Italy to resist German overlorship, which has", "id": "20349649" }, { "contents": "Peire Rogier\n\n\nlong time. From Raimbaut's court he moved on to sojourn at that of Alfonso VIII of Castile, then that of Alfonso II of Aragon, and finally that of Raymond V of Toulouse, where he arrived circa 1170. According to his \"vida\", he became much esteemed as a troubadour through his travels, but there is no evidence otherwise for any movements in Spain, except perhaps the assembly of troubadours at the court of Aragon mentioned in a work of Peire d'Alvernhe (which need not have taken place).", "id": "1085906" }, { "contents": "Peire de Bussignac\n\n\nPeire de Bussignac, Bossinhac, or Bocinhac (fl. c. 1160) was a nobleman, cleric, and troubadour from the Périgord. He was probably from Bussignac in Hautefort, but possibly Boussignac in Tulle. He was, according to his \"vida\", \"from the castle of Bertran de Born\". Though his \"vida\" speaks of \"good \"sirventes\"\" to reproach ladies for bad behaviour and \"sirventes\" attacking Bertran, only one \"sirventes\" by Peire survives: \"Quan lo dous temps", "id": "6679237" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\nCastile sojourned at Puivert. If the above date is not accepted, it can be probably dated later than 1165—since Giraut de Borneill was only active from c.1170—and certainly before 1173, when Raimbaut d'Aurenga died. The Monge de Montaudon later composed a parody of Peire's satire, \"Pos Peire d'Alvernhl a chantat\". \"Chantarai d'aquest trobadors\" is near universally regarded today as playful parody and not as a work of serious literary or artistic criticism. The obscurity of most of the ridiculed poets and the attack upon such personal characteristics as", "id": "6558337" }, { "contents": "Arnaut de Tintinhac\n\n\nattitude towards encouraging courtly love he also resembles the early troubadours. Like other early Gascon troubadours, such as Peire de Valeira, he employed nature metaphors, as at the beginning of this song: The \"vida\" of Peire de Valeira seems to confuse its intended subject with Arnaut (at least at some points). It goes like this: Peire de Valeira was from Gascony, from the land of Lord Arnaut Guillem de Marsan. He was a minstrel at the very same time in which Marcabru lived, and he composed", "id": "12717977" }, { "contents": "Peire de Valeira\n\n\nPeire de Valeira, Valeria, or Valera (fl. early–mid twelfth century) was a Gascon troubadour. Since troubadour poetry probably originated in northwest Aquitaine (Poitou and Saintonge) and first spread—within a generation—south into Gascony, Peire was one of the earliest troubadours. Only two of his poems survive, one \"canso\" (\"Vezer volgra n'Ezelgarda\") and one \"cobla\" (\"Qui qu'Amors don son voler\"). His birthplace was Valera, near Podensac and Saint-Macaire in", "id": "18999206" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Ussel\n\n\nPeire d'Ussel or d'Uisel (\"Pèire d'Ussèl\" in modern Occitan; fl. c. 1200) was a Limousin troubadour, the middle of three brothers, castellans of the castle of Ussel-sur-Sarzonne, northeast of Ventadorn. His elder brother was Eble and his younger Gui, and he also had a cousin named Elias; all four were troubadours. According to Gui's \"vida\", Peire descanted his relatives’ songs. This should not be understood to imply that Peire was only a musician. One \"cobla", "id": "14026658" }, { "contents": "Peyre de Rius\n\n\nPeyre de Rius (\"fl.\"1344–86) was an Occitan troubadour from Foix. He wrote under the patronage of Gaston Phoebus, Count of Foix, and Peter the Ceremonious, King of Aragon. He is one of the few troubadours known by name who lived for a time at Peter's court in Barcelona. His name in standardised Occitan is \"Peire\" or \"Pèire\", in Catalan it is \"Pere\", and in modern French \"Pierre\". An obscure reference to a Pere Riu among some \"", "id": "16102630" }, { "contents": "Matfre Ermengau\n\n\n) of the work, \"Perilhos tractatz d'amor de donas, seguon qu'en han tractat li antic trobador en lurs cansos\", structured as a dialogue between the defenders Love and her critics, is filled with citations (266 by some counts) of other troubadours and even some trouvères; Matfre cited himself six (Jeanroy) or nine (Paden) times and cited his brother Peire twice. He was careful to cite poets from different eras, but his favourites appear to be Aimeric de Peguilhan, Bernart de Ventadorn, and Peire", "id": "4121404" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nhim to vernacular lyric poetry and he abandoned his career in the church for \"the vanity of this world\", according to his \"vida\". Peire began his career at the court of Raymond VI of Toulouse—from whom he sought patronage—and a document of 1204 refers to a \"Petrus Cardinalis\" as a scribe of Raymond's chancery. At Raymond's court, however, he appears to have been known as Peire del Puoi or Puei (). Around 1238 he wrote a \"partimen\" beginning \"", "id": "4006794" }, { "contents": "Peire de la Mula\n\n\n, \"Una leig vei d'escuoill\", was also an attack on minstrels (\"joglars\"), who, at his time, were bringing their \"insolence\" from across the Alps into the presence of the \"pros\" (powerful) of Italy. Peire refers in this work to both Breton (\"Bretz\") and Norman (\"Normans\") minstrels. Peire's only full-length work to survive, \"Dels joglars servir mi laisse\", is a \"sirventes joglaresc\", a \"sirventes", "id": "13683551" }, { "contents": "Sancha of Castile, Queen of Aragon\n\n\nSancha of Castile (21 September 1154/5 – 9 November 1208) was the only surviving child of King Alfonso VII of Castile by his second wife, Richeza of Poland. On January 18, 1174, she married King Alfonso II of Aragon at Zaragoza; they had at least eight children who survived into adulthood. A patroness of troubadours such as Giraud de Calanson and Peire Raymond, the queen became involved in a legal dispute with her husband concerning properties which formed part of her dower estates. In 1177 she entered the county of", "id": "21291157" }, { "contents": "Ottone del Carretto\n\n\nin 1217. He predeceased his father in 1228. His second son, Enrico (Henry), married Beatrice, daughter of Boniface I of Montferrat. A third son, Manfredo (Manfred), is only attested in one document of 1242 in the \"Codex Astensis\". Ottone was a patron of several troubadours, composers of Old Occitan lyric poetry. He is prominent in the \"vida\" (short vernacular biography) of Peire de la Mula. In one manuscript his name is given as \"miser N'Ot del Carret", "id": "18951554" }, { "contents": "Peire de Barjac\n\n\nare attributed to multiple troubadours in the manuscripts. Some attributed to Peire are also attributed to Peire de Bussignac, Berenguier de Palazol, Elias de Barjols, Guillem de la Tor, Pons de Capdoill and Uc de Saint Circ; yet few of these other attributions are reliable. One song attributed to Peire in one manuscript is unattributed in another. Stronski argues that the attribution to Elias de Barjols was an emendation by the scribe confronted with the unfamiliar name Peire de Barjac. Napolski considered the attribution to Pons de Capdoill dubious. Alfred", "id": "8049260" }, { "contents": "Uc de Lescura\n\n\nUc de Lescura or de l'Escura (fl. 1190–1204) was a minor troubadour. The \"Lescura\" of his birth is unknown. There is a Lescurre in Ariège, Aveyron, and Tarn. Based on references in his work, historian Alfred Adler placed him at the court of Alfonso VIII of Castile (whom he calls \"emperor\") and in Catalonia. Uc's only existing work is a \"sirventes\", \"De mots ricos no tem Peire Vidal\", that begins with a \"gab\" proclaiming his", "id": "7146555" }, { "contents": "Peire de Montagut\n\n\nPeire de Montagut (? – 28 January 1232) was Grand Master of the Knights Templar from 1218 to 1232. He took part in the Fifth Crusade and was against the Sultan of Egypt's conditions for raising the siege of Damietta. He was previously Master of the Crown of Aragon. A close friend of Guillaume de Chartres, it was most likely the trust the previous Grand Master had in him which meant he himself was elected so quickly in 1218. At the same time, the Grand Master of the Knights Hospitaller was", "id": "11505219" }, { "contents": "Alfonso II of Aragon\n\n\ntaking a lover who is richer than herself. The debate had been begun by Guilhem de Saint-Leidier and was taken up by Azalais de Porcairagues and Raimbaut of Orange; there was also a \"partimen\" on the topic between Dalfi d'Alvernha and Perdigon. Alfonso and his love affairs are mentioned in poems by many troubadours, including Guillem de Berguedà (who criticized his dealings with Azalais of Toulouse) and Peire Vidal, who commended Alfonso's decision to marry Sancha rather than Eudokia Komnene that he had preferred a poor Castilian maid", "id": "20647088" }, { "contents": "Peire de Ladils\n\n\nPeire de Ladils de Bazas (; fl. 1325–1355) was a Gascon troubadour associated with the Consistori del Gay Saber in Toulouse. He was from Bazas in the Gironde and he served as advocate for the Cathédrale Saint-Jean-Baptiste. His surviving work comprises four \"cansos\", three \"dansas\", and two \"partimens\". In 1340 he composed a political \"partimen\" with Raimon de Cornet. He, and presumably Raimon also, was apparently well-read in the romantic literature of his time. His", "id": "11791403" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\nspirited courtly love\") he is the only troubadour to ever use the term \"courtly love\". Marcabrunian influence can be seen here too. In a later Crusade song, Peire defended Marcabru's abandonment of the \"carnal amar\". He advocates \"gran sabers ni purs\" (\"great and pure wisdom\") through \"bon'amor\" (\"good love\"). Along with Bernart Marti, Bernart de Venzac, and Gavaudan, Peire was part of a \"Marcabrunian school\". Nonetheless, as mentioned above", "id": "6558333" }, { "contents": "Guilhem Peire Cazals de Caortz\n\n\ncor que trameta\", composed in 1240, which mirrors \"D'una leu chanso ai cor que m'entremeta\", a \"canso\" by Guilhem Peire, in metre and rhyme and therefore gives a \"terminus ante quem\" for the \"tenso\"'s composition. Nine of Guilhem Peire's poems are dedicated to a certain friend and jongleur known only by the affectionate \"senhal\" \"Ardit\". Generally he wrote in the trobar ric genre, and in his \"leu chanso\" (\"canso\" in the trobar leu", "id": "12553938" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\n. The author of his \"vida\", editorialising, considers his poems to have been the greatest until Giraut de Borneill and his melodies to have been the best ever. The anonymous biographer records that his information about Peire's later years comes from Dalfi d'Alvernha. It has been suggested that Dalfi was the author of the \"vida\". According to an accusation of fellow troubadour Bernart Marti, Peire entered upon a religious life early, but quit Holy Orders for a life of itinerant minstrelsy. He may be the same person", "id": "6558329" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nan opponent of Christianity or even the Crusades. In \"Totz lo mons es vestitiz et abrazatz\" he urged Philip III of France, who had recently succeeded his father, Louis IX, who died in 1270 on the failed Eighth Crusade, to go to the aid of Edward Longshanks, then on the Ninth Crusade in Syria. Near the end of the \"sirventes\", \"Ab votz d'angel, lengu' esperta, non bleza\", composed as noted probably around 1229, Peire's words, \"[s]'ieu fos", "id": "4006802" }, { "contents": "Albert Malaspina\n\n\nAlbert Malaspina (1160/1165–1206/1212), called Alberto Moro (\"the Moor\") and \"lo marches putanier\" (\"the whoring marquess\"), was a member of the illustrious Malaspina family. He was a noted troubadour and patron of troubadours. Albert disputes with Peire de la Caravana the position of earliest native Italian troubadour. He was a son of Obizzo I the Great and husband of a daughter of William V of Montferrat. His brother-in-law Boniface I of Montferrat and his nephews Corrado (Conrad)", "id": "17471547" }, { "contents": "Peire de Corbiac\n\n\n) and Peire elsewhere calls himself \"maistre\". Certainly Peire's \"Tezaur\" is didactic in nature: his purpose in writing was to convince the wise that though he was poor in material terms he was richer still. Composed in 840 alexandrines, the \"Tezaur\" is an encyclopaedic compilation of all that the troubadour knew. The work displays a great breadth of knowledge. He expends 547 lines narrating the chief events of the Old and New Testaments, then discusses the seven liberal arts, medicine, surgery, necromancy,", "id": "15078721" }, { "contents": "Peire de Valeira\n\n\nfor an early troubadour genre which did not survive. It may also be that the distinctiveness of Peire's genre was regional, a Gascon style. The later Gascon troubadour Guiraut de Calanso wrote verses that were \"d'aquella saison\" (\"of that time\") and disliked in Provence, perhaps pointing to a Gascon tradition (or \"literary fad\") which was not popular outside of \"Gascoigna\" (Gascony). The \"paubra valor\" (\"poor value\") of Peire's songs may be a reflection", "id": "18999210" }, { "contents": "Henry II of Rodez\n\n\nHenry II (Occitan: \"Enric II de Rodés\") (c. 1236–1304), of the House of Millau, was the Count of Rodez and Viscount of Carlat from 1274 until his death. He was the son of Hugh IV of Rodez and Isabeau de Roquefeuil. Henry II was a troubadour and patron of troubadours. He composed six poems that survive: four \"tensos\" and two \"partimens\" (alternatively five \"torneyamens\"). His short \"vida\" records an exchange of couplets between \"lo coms", "id": "16712769" }, { "contents": "Peire Bremon lo Tort\n\n\nPeire Bremon lo Tort (or Bremonz lo Tortz) (\"fl.\" 1177) was a troubadour from the Viennois. Though only two of his pieces (both love songs) survive, his poetry is characterised by Francoprovençalisms. According to his short \"vida\", he was \"honoured by all the notable men.\" Peire Bremon has been identified with the Petrus Bermudi and Peire Bremont found in documents of 1160 pertaining to the Dauphiné. He is possibly the same person as the Peire Bremon related to the Counts of", "id": "16694577" }, { "contents": "Bernart Marti\n\n\nBernart Marti was a troubadour, composing poems and satires in Occitan, in the mid twelfth century. They show that he was influenced by his contemporaries Marcabru and knew Peire d'Alvernha, whom, in one poem, he accused of abandoning holy orders. Along with Peire, Gavaudan, and Bernart de Venzac he is sometimes placed in a hypothetical Marcabrunian school. His work is \"enigmatic, ironic, and satiric\", but has no following among later troubadours, according to Gaunt and Kay. Nine or ten of Marti's poems", "id": "14690002" }, { "contents": "Occitan literature\n\n\nthe part he is said to have played both by his sword and his sirveniescs in the struggle between Henry II of England and his rebel sons, though the importance of his part in the events of the time seems to have been greatly exaggerated; Peire Vidal of Toulouse, a poet of varied inspiration who grew rich with gifts bestowed on him by the greatest nobles of his time; Guiraut de Borneil, \"lo macsire dels trobadors\", and at any rate master in the art of the so-called close style (", "id": "11312610" }, { "contents": "Peire de Maensac\n\n\nto the (unnamed) wife of Bernart de Tierci. According to his \"vida\" he sang so much to her that she eventually allowed herself to be \"abducted\" by him. He fled with her to the castle of Dalf d'Alvernha, but her husband waged a \"great war\" to bring her back. Dalfi reputedly defended the castle so well that Bernart was unable to ever reclaim her. Peire was called a \"pleasant companion\" by his biographer. He wrote mostly \"cansos\" of courtly love with \"", "id": "6679235" }, { "contents": "Aimerico Manrique de Lara\n\n\ndefend the rights of the viscounts of Narbonne, recognising the rights of Aimeric at the same time. In early 1176, Ermengarda to retired to the monastery of Fontfroide, leaving the reins of government in Narbonne in Aimeric's hands. Aimeric died on 14 October 1177. Raymond V recovered his rights in Narbonne and his ducal title. Peire Rogier, a troubadour who frequented Ermengarda's court, addressed a poem to the viscountess and Aimeric. It is one of Peire's few datable works, coming between the years of Aimeric's", "id": "7254812" }, { "contents": "Guilhem d'Anduza\n\n\nGuilhem d'Anduza (fl. 1244–81) was a minor troubadour active in the middle of the thirteenth century. He belonged to the family of the lords of Anduze, who were patrons of several other troubadours. He was the eldest son of Peire Bremon VII, the last lord of Anduze and Sauve, and Josserande de Poitiers. Most of his father's lands were confiscated for rebellion in 1244. Guilhem acquired the barony of Olargues through marriage and inherited Hierle on his father's death in 1254. His petition to recover Anduze and", "id": "15667365" }, { "contents": "Guillem de Ribes\n\n\nof Miralpeix (now part of Sitges), held by one of his vassals, when it came under siege by two rivals, Berenguer de Castellet and Eymerich de Espiells. The castle was taken in an assault and partially destroyed. In a lawsuit brought against Guillem in the early 1200s, it was alleged that he had deliberately impeded the defence of the castle to his own benefit. He was succeeded by his nephew, Ponç II. The troubadour Peire d'Alvernhe composed a song satirizing twelve contemporary troubadours. It was probably first performed", "id": "10989340" }, { "contents": "Peire Guillem de Tolosa\n\n\nPeire Guillem (or Guilhem) de Tolosa was a 13th-century troubadour from Toulouse. Only one \"sirventes\" he wrote (\"En Sordel, que us es semblan\"), a \"tenso\" with the contemporary Italian poet Sordello, survives. According to his \"vida\" he was a courtly man who loved high society. The author of the \"vida\" also expresses admiration for his couplets but bewails the excessive number he composed, though so few of his works survive to this day. He was also", "id": "15990053" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\ncan detect the moralising influence of Marcabru, with whom in whose old age he was possibly acquainted. One of Marcabru's late songs is a satire of an early one by Peire d'Alvernhe. Marcabru's complexity was also imparted to Peire. On the topic of courtly love, Peire, who had abandoned the religious life early, came to abandon the claims of \"fin'amor\" (\"fine love\") later. When Peire espouses love of the Holy Ghost over \"cortez' amors de bon aire\" (\"well-", "id": "6558332" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\nthem and beg their mercy.\" By far, however, Peire's most famous work is \"Chantarai d'aquest trobadors\", a \"sirventes\" written at Puivert (\"Puoich-vert\") in which he ridicules twelve contemporary troubadours (\"a poetical gallery\") and praises himself. It has been conjectured that this piece was first performed in the presence of all twelve of the ridiculed poets in late Summer 1170 while an embassy bringing Eleanor, daughter of Henry II of England, to her Spanish goorm Alfonso VIII of", "id": "6558336" }, { "contents": "Peire de la Caravana\n\n\nbeen dated to as early as 1157. However, Peire incites the Lombard cities by harkening back to the fate of the baronage of Apulia who had resisted the Germans earlier: \"Lombart, beus gardazbr \"Que ja non siazbr \"Pejer que compraz,br \"Si ferm non estaz!br \"De Pulla'us sovegnabr \"Dels valens barosbr \"Qu'il non an que pegnabr \"For de lor maisos;br \"Gardaz non devegnabr \"Autretal de vos! This has led some to date it to 1194, when Henry VI conquered Sicily or as late", "id": "20349650" }, { "contents": "Marcoat\n\n\nMarcoat was a minor Gascon troubadour and joglar who flourished in the mid twelfth century. He is often cited in connexion with Eleanor of Aquitaine and is placed in a hypothetical \"school\" of poetry which includes Bernart de Ventadorn, Marcabru, Cercamon, Jaufre Rudel, Peire Rogier, and Peire de Valeria among others. Of all his works, only two \"sirventes\" survive: \"Mentre m'obri eis huisel\" and \"Una re.us dirai, en Serra\". Marcoat was an innovator building off the work of the contemporary Gascon", "id": "10485658" }, { "contents": "Gonzalo Ruiz\n\n\nmarry Alfonso VIII of Castile, then the identification of Guossalbo Roitz with Gonzalo Ruiz of Bureba becomes probable. Peire has this to say about his eleventh \"victim\" in lines 67 to 72: Peire is making fun of Gonzalo's well-known military career. In fact, Peire may have learned about Gonzalo on a trip he made to Castile in the spring of 1158. If he did not meet Gonzalo at the Castilian court, where Gonzalo undoubtedly was between January and February, then he may have met him at the", "id": "12361307" }, { "contents": "Peire Bremon lo Tort\n\n\nToulouse in a stanza of Peire d'Alvernhe's satire of contemporary troubadours. \"Peire Bremon\" was not a rare name and it was shared by the later troubadour, sometimes erroneously identified with lo Tort (whose nickname means \"the Wrong\"), Peire Bremon Ricas Novas. Peire's earlier poem, \"Mei oill an gran manentia\", was written as the troubadour prepared to depart from Syria, where he had been staying. He left behind a beloved \"domna\" (lady), whom he celebrated in the poem", "id": "16694578" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nabout the nuns may have additional significance. His tone changes after this and his closing lines suggest though that all this is a miracle from the \"saintly fathers\", suggesting his acceptance of things: Cardenal.org says that some have interpreted these lines as suggesting that Peire married at this time. By the end of his life he appears reconciled to the new \"modus vivendi\" in southern France. He died at an advanced age (allegedly one hundred years old) possibly either in Montpellier or Nimes, but this is only a", "id": "4006804" }, { "contents": "Peire Vidal\n\n\nPeire Vidal (born mid-12th century) was an Old Occitan troubadour. Forty-five of his songs are extant. The twelve that still have melodies bear testament to the deserved nature of his musical reputation. There is no contemporary reference to Peire outside of his works of poetry. His \"vida\" (a short Occitan biography)—composed about fifty years after his death—and two \"razos\" (short commentaries on specific poems) are probably fictionalised works built on episodes from his poems. Only the opening line of the \"vida", "id": "7150829" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\ndaughter or perhaps Peire's wife Marie) and then apparently to the couple's son James I of Aragon, born at Candlemas, according to James's Chronicle. It's not clear who the \"crois hom\" or \"dreadful man\" is in the final couplet, whose deeds are \"piggish\": Peire has really never addressed anyone in this verse but Peter II and those close to him. (But dualism had by then made its way into some of the local religious views of Medieval Languedoc: in dualist philosophy", "id": "4006797" }, { "contents": "Guillem de Balaun\n\n\nVierneta when he next returned to see Guilhelma. After a long time he returned, did reconcile Peire and Vierneta, and gave Peire more joy than he had felt even when he first won his lady. In order to test whether or not the joy of recovering a lady was greater than that of winning her, Guillem acted as though he were very angry with her. He ceased to discuss her or hear her discussed, to send her messages, or to visit her region. She sent him pleading messengers and letters of", "id": "21063206" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nmaritz\", \"if I were wed\", suggest that he is not yet wed. The verse which follows provides evidence in the view of some that Peire married: it first mocks the \"barrenness that bears fruit\" of the \"[beguinas\" (beguines, who may have sometimes been associated with the Dominicans; Hill and Bergin in 1973 said this was a reference to nuns of the Dominican Order). Throughout the verse of course Peire had been poking fun at the Dominican clergy, but the comment", "id": "4006803" }, { "contents": "Antide Boyer\n\n\nhis father, a potter. He spent four years at the minor seminary of Marseille, where he lost his faith in Christianity. He met Pierre Mazière at the seminary, who later wrote under the nom-de-plume Peire Simoun. He worked for the Chemins de fer de Paris à Lyon et à la Méditerranée (PLM), then at the La Ciotat shipyards, and then ran a wholesale oil and soap store with his first wife. He was one of the founders of the Bouches-du-Rhone Socialist", "id": "16118352" }, { "contents": "Peire de Valeira\n\n\nthe Gironde. His \"vida\" places his birthplace in the fief of Arnaut Guillem de Marsan, who was himself a troubadour. He was a contemporary of Marcabru and originally a jongleur. His poems were typical for the time, according to Uc de Saint Circ, the probable author of his \"vida\", being about natural objects (like leaves, flowers, and birds), but not of great value to the biographer's time. But Uc saves his harshest critique for the end, as Elizabeth Poe relates:", "id": "18999207" }, { "contents": "Troubadour\n\n\nNicoletto da Torino, Peire Raimon de Tolosa, Peire Rogier, Peire de Valeira, Peirol, Pistoleta, Perdigon, Salh d'Escola, Uc de la Bacalaria, Uc Brunet, and Uc de Saint Circ were jongleur-troubadours. A \"vida\" is a brief prose biography, written in Occitan, of a troubadour. The word \"vida\" means \"life\" in Occitan. In the chansonniers, the manuscript collections of medieval troubadour poetry, the works of a particular author are often accompanied by a short prose biography.", "id": "16794140" }, { "contents": "Peire de la Caravana\n\n\nas 1225, when the city-states of northern Italy renewed the old Lombard League in opposition to Henry's son, Frederick I of Sicily, Holy Roman Emperor. Writing in Lombardy in the Occitan tongue under the nominal sovereignty of the German monarch, Peire took the opportunity to poke fun at the German language, writing in a famously debated passage: \"Granoglas resembla\" [\"la gent d'Alemanha\"]br \"En dir\"(\"e\"): Broder, guaz;br \"Lairan, quant s'asemblabr \"Cum cans enrabjaz\".brbr Frogs resemble [the people of", "id": "20349651" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\n. In his wanderings he may have spent some time at Cortezon, at the court of the minor nobleman and troubadour Raimbaut d'Aurenga. Peire lived a long into old age, and performed penance before dying. Peire wrote mostly \"cansos\", which, as his \"vida\" points out, were called \"vers\" in his day. He also invented the \"pious song\" and wrote six such poems dealing with serious themes of religion, piety, and spirituality. Even in his more profane works, however, one", "id": "6558331" }, { "contents": "Raymond Pilet d'Alès\n\n\nRaymond Pilet (Raymond de Narbonnne-Pelet) (1075-1120), the only child of Bernard I Pilet of Narbonne and his wife, whose name is unknown. Seigneur of Alès. Bernard was the son of Raymond II, Viscount of Narbone from 1066 to 1067. The name “pelet” refers to a fur that the nobility wore over their cuirass and coats-of-arms. Raymond distinguished himself as a great warrior during the First Crusade. Many of the chroniclers of the Crusades, including William of Tyre", "id": "10100689" }, { "contents": "Dalfi d'Alvernha\n\n\nGuillemette de Comborn, Countess of Montferrand, daughter of Archambaud, Viscount of Comborn, and Jourdaine of Périgord. Their children were Aélis, Guillaume (William, later Count of Clermont), Blanche, and Alix. Troubadours who worked with Dalfi or sang at his court include Peirol, Perdigon, Peire de Maensac, Gaucelm Faidit, and Uc de Saint Circ; his cousin, bishop Robert of Clermont, exchanged satirical and erotic verses with him, as did Richard Coeur de Lion. One \"partimen\" between Dauphin and Perdigon", "id": "11683786" }, { "contents": "Troubadour\n\n\nwhose style seems to have fallen out of favour, was the \"Gascon school\" of Cercamon, Peire de Valeira, and Guiraut de Calanso. Cercamon was said by his biographer to have composed in the \"old style\" (\"la uzansa antiga\") and Guiraut's songs were \"d'aquella saison\" (\"of that time\"). This style of poetry seems to be attached to early troubadours from Gascony and was characterised by references to nature: leaves, flowers, birds, and their songs. This Gascon", "id": "16794155" }, { "contents": "Aimeric de Belenoi\n\n\nAimeric de Belenoi (fl. 1215–1242) was a Gascon troubadour. At least fifteen of his songs survived. Seven others were attributed to him in some medieval manuscripts. Aimeric was born in the castle of Lesparra in the Bordelais (\"metropolis civitas Burdigalensium\", the modern Gironde). His uncle was another troubadour, Peire de Corbiac. His \"vida\" says he was a cleric and later a jongleur before he took to \"inventing good songs, which were beautiful and charming.\" He apparently was the feudal lord", "id": "15990224" }, { "contents": "Jaufre de Pons\n\n\nis a \"partimen\" with Guiraut Riquier (\"Guiraut Riquier, diatz me,\" composed probably 1270 or 1280–1). Jaufre's part in the debate consists in asking plain youthful questions about love only to receive the bitter and experienced answers of Guiraut in proverbial form. Jaufre was probably the husband of Isabeau, daughter of Henry II of Rodez, a patron of troubadours. In 1292 he rendered homage to the lord of Châteauroux. Some scholars have suspected that there were more than one Jaufre de Pons (one from the", "id": "20235204" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\nthe \"trobar braus\" as a legitimate format for \"rough\" themes. One anonymous song of the Fifth Crusade, \"Lo Senhre que formet lo tro\", written between Spring 1213 and July 1214 has been attributed to Peire d'Alvernhe, but the dating makes that impossible. In a \"tenso\" between a Bernart (probably Bernart de Ventadorn) and an unnamed Peire, perhaps Peire d'Alvernhe, the latter argues that \"it is not becoming for ladies to make love-pleas; it is fitting that men plead with", "id": "6558335" }, { "contents": "Peire Guillem de Tolosa\n\n\nsaid to have composed \"sirventes joglarescs\", or \"sirventes\" in the manner of joglars, in order to criticise \"the barons\" (presumably the high noblesse). He also wrote a work criticising the prolific trouvère Theobald I of Navarre. The troubadour Bertran Carbonel twice mentions another troubadour by the initials P.G., possibly indicating Peire Guilhem. He mourns a certain P.G. in a \"planh\", where the initials probably stand in the manuscript for a full name, since three syllables would be required by the metre.", "id": "15990054" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\nappearance and manners has been cited in support of the view that the parody was done in the presence of all twelve victims, further supporting the conclusion that the parody was good-natured. Besides the criticism of a personal nature, many of the criticism launched by Peire allude to the works of the others, notably those of Bernart de Ventadorn and Raimbaut d'Aurenga. Peire's \"vida\" acclaimed him an accomplished singer and the greatest composer of melodies for verses yet known. Peire's famous \"Chantarai d'aquest trobadors\" contains a", "id": "6558338" }, { "contents": "Peire de Corbiac\n\n\ncentury before its appearance in Latin as \"contrapunctus\", today's counterpoint. The \"Tezaur\" had a lasting influence in the Late Middle Ages. The Jew Emanuele da Roma wrote the \"Ninth Meḥabbereth\", a Hebrew poem based on the \"Tesoretto\" of Brunetto Latini, itself based on the \"Tezaur\" of Peire. Peire was a religious man, as the dedicatory first verse of his \"Tezaur\" attests: it contains a dedication to Jesus and Mary and a statement of Trinitarian faith. His prayer to", "id": "15078723" }, { "contents": "Amanieu de Sescars\n\n\nSicily, and 1291, when he inherited Aragon. Amanieu's second didactic work, the \"Ensenhamen de la donsela\" can be dated between 1291 and 1295 by a reference to James as King of Aragon and to the ongoing War of the Sicilian Vespers. It is addressed to an unnamed \"donsela\" (young woman) and is designed to teach her how to behave in courtly society and how to be respected. Amanieu's poetry is definitely influenced by Peire Vidal and also possibly by Arnaut de Maruelh. The later troubadour", "id": "7359304" } ]

[ { "contents": "Peire Pelet\n\n\nPeire Pelet (died 1303) was the \"conseigneur\" of Alès in the Languedoc. He was married to Delfina (Delphine), a sister of Henry II of Rodez. He is the senher d'Alest (the lord of Alès) referred to as a participant in the \"torneyamen\" \"Senhe n'Enric, us reys un ric avar\" along with his brother-in-law Henry and the troubadour Guiraut Riquier. Peire was descended from a Raymond Pelet who took part in the First Crusade. His father was Bernard Pelet", "id": "9562337" }, { "contents": "Peire Pelet\n\n\n, who died in September 1252, leaving his entire heritage to his eldest son, William, under the tutelage of Bernard de Barre, Guillaume de Pontils, and Jean de Bossoles. In 1253 William, with his tutors and his younger brothers, including Peire, received the homage of their father's vassals: Hugues de Melet, Pierre de Spinasson, and many others, in the presence of Pierre Gaucelin, Bérenger de la Fare, Arnaud d'Arsac, and Pierre Gaucelin de Follaquier. On the death of William without heirs Peire", "id": "9562338" }, { "contents": "Peire Pelet\n\n\nsucceeded him. He married Delfina sometime before April 1276, when her brother released a sum of money left her by their father, Henry I: a hundred marks of silver or 5,000 \"sols tournois\". In 1274 James I of Aragon renounced the homage and oath of fealty owed by Peire for his fief since his great-great-grandfather, Bertrand Pelet, Count of Melgueil, had rendered it to James's grandfather, Alfonso II. Peire then began a war with Bérenger de Frédol, Bishop of Maguelonne, over", "id": "9562339" }, { "contents": "Peire Pelet\n\n\nthe county of Melgueil, which at that time was held by the bishop from the Papacy. In 1276 the combatants were brought before the episcopal court of the Archdiocese of Narbonne. Peire lost the case and was ordered to pay 1,000 \"livres\" in compensation. Joseph Angalde placed the aforementioned \"torneyamen\" around 1280–1, before the death of Peire, which he believed occurred in 1282; after the return of Riquier from Castile in 1279; and after the succession of Henry, who he believed was referred to as \"coms", "id": "9562340" }, { "contents": "Peire Raimon de Tolosa\n\n\nPeire Ramon's name (as \"Petrus Raimundus\") appears in two documents of Toulouse, dated to 1182 and 1214. According to his \"vida\", he became a jongleur and travelled to the court of Alfonso II of Aragon, who bestowed great honour on him. The earliest datable work by Peire Ramon is a \"planh\" written on the death of Henry the Young King in 1183. According to his \"vida\" Peire passed \"a long time\" at the courts of Alfonso, William VIII of Montpellier", "id": "19379363" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\npoetry. Among the other troubadours Peire encountered in his travels were Aimeric de Belenoi and Raimon de Miraval. He may have met Daude de Pradas and Guiraut Riquier at Rodez. Peire was influenced by Cadenet, whom he honoured in one of his pieces. He was possibly influenced by Bernart de Venzac. In his early days he was a vehement opponent of the French, the clergy and the Albigensian Crusade. In the \"sirventes\", \"Ab votz d'angel, lengu' esperta, non bleza\", dated by Hill and", "id": "4006799" }, { "contents": "Peire Vidal\n\n\nMany of his early poems were addressed to Vierna de Porcellet, a relative of the count's. In some poems Peire, Vierna and Raymond form a love triangle. From Toulouse Peire went to the court of King Alfonso II of Aragon, where he remained in good favour until the king's death in 1196. He continued to occasionally visit the court of Alfonso's son, Peter II In the rivalry between the rulers of Toulouse and Aragon, Peire took the side of Aragon. He visited the court of King Alfonso VIII", "id": "7150831" }, { "contents": "William I of Cagliari\n\n\nhis death. Allegedly, he was a man of some culture, as he was in reportedly in contact with the Provençal troubadours Peire de la Caravana and Peire Vidal, likely to contract their services on behalf of his wealthy patrons. He was the son of Giorgia, daughter of Constantine II of Cagliari, and Obert, Margrave of Massa. He was a brother of William, Margrave of Massa. His paternal relatives were a branch of the Obertenghi who ruled Massa Lunense from the 11th century. Constantine II's eldest daughter married", "id": "6352696" }, { "contents": "Peire de Valeira\n\n\n.\" Peire's entire \"vida\", found in MSS \"I\" and \"K\", however, is probably unreliable, since it appears to confuse him with another Gascon troubadour, Arnaut de Tintinhac. Peire is often placed in a hypothetical \"school\" of poetry which includes Bernart de Ventadorn, Cercamon, Jaufre Rudel, Marcabru, Marcoat, and Peire Rogier among others. Further, the references in his \"vida\" to songs of the time concerning leaves, flowers, songs, and birds may be evidence", "id": "18999209" }, { "contents": "Bertran de Gourdon\n\n\n. Bertran surrendered promptly to the Crusaders under Simon de Montfort in May 1218 and did homage to Simon for his lands. Bertran wrote a comic \"tenso\", that is poetical debate, with Peire Raimon de Tolosa, now known by the incipit \"Totz tos afars es nienz\". It was dated to before 1211 by Joseph Anglade on the basis that Bertran was probably not at odds with his fellow southern barons yet if he was, as Anglade, suspects, playing host and patron to Peire Raimon, who had just", "id": "17663226" }, { "contents": "Peire de la Mula\n\n\npoet named only \"Mola\" who exchanged some verses with Guilhem Raimon. He may be the same individual as Peire de la Mula, but he has also been identified with the \"joglars\" Tremoleta. One of Peire's surviving couplets, \"Ia de razon no.m cal metr'en pantais\", can be dated to before 1185 on the basis of a reference to \"Androin\"(\"e\"), that is, Andronicus I Comnenus, who died that year. It was a screed against the young and rich. Peire's other couplet", "id": "13683550" }, { "contents": "Peire Raimon de Tolosa\n\n\n, and a certain \"Count Raymond\", which could refer to either Raymond V of Toulouse or, more probably, Raymond VI. He also spent time in Italy (Lombardy and Piedmont), at the courts of Thomas I of Savoy, Guglielmo Malaspina, and Azzo VI of Este. Azzo's daughter Beatriz was the addressee of one of Peire's poems. Eventually Peire settled down with a wife in Pamiers and there he died. Peire was reputed as a singer and composer of \"cansos\". His work is", "id": "19379364" }, { "contents": "Peire Vidal\n\n\n\" is probably reliable. It says that he \"was from Toulouse, the son of a furrier\": \"si fo de Tolosa, fils d'un pelissier\". The fur and leather industry was well established in Toulouse, near the church of Saint Pierre des Cuisines, in the twelfth century. Peire started his career, along with the troubadour Bernart Durfort, at the court of Count Raymond V of Toulouse around 1176. He continued there until 1190, when he left to seek another patron after quarrelling with the count.", "id": "7150830" }, { "contents": "Guilhem Peire Cazals de Caortz\n\n\nGuilhem Peire Cazals de Caortz or Guilhem Peire de Cazals was a troubadour of the first half of the thirteenth century. He was born or lived in Cahors, Quercy, from which his name \"de Caortz\". Eleven of his works, including one \"tenso\", survive. The only sure way to date Guilhem Peire's life and work is by his \"tenso\" with Bernart de la Barta, who was alive in 1229, and by a \"sirventes\" of Guilhem Figueira, \"Un nou sirventes ai en", "id": "12553937" }, { "contents": "Peire Vidal\n\n\nof Castile at Toledo in 1195 and intermittently thereafter until 1201. He also stayed for a time at the court of King Alfonso IX of León, where the Galician–Portuguese lyric was favoured over the Occitan. Among Peire's many lesser patrons were Lord William VIII of Montpellier and his wife, the Byzantine princess Eudokia Komnene. (William was both a vassal of Peter II and his father-in-law.) Peire attended the Aragonese court during some of its visits to Narbonne, but although the ruling viscountess of that", "id": "7150832" }, { "contents": "Peire de la Mula\n\n\nPeire (or Pietro) de la Mula (\"fl. c.\" 1200) was an Italian troubadour. Of his writings a pair of couplets and one \"sirventes\" are all that survive. According to his \"vida\", he was a \"joglars\" and \"trobaire\" (troubadour) who stayed for a long time in Montferrat, Cortemilia, and the Piedmont at the court of Ottone del Carretto (fl. 1190–1233). This places Peire's activity before 1209, when Ottone lost Cortemilia. It has", "id": "13683548" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nsupposition, based on where the biographer and compiler Miquel de la Tor was active. Three of Peire's songs have surviving melodies, but two (for a \"canso\" and a \"sirventes\") were composed by others: Guiraut de Bornelh and Raimon Jordan respectively. Like many of his contemporary troubadours, Peire merely composed \"contrafacta\". The third, for \"Un sirventesc novel vuelh comensar\", may be Peire's own work. It is similar to the borrowed melody of Guiraut de Bornelh, mostly syllabic with", "id": "4006805" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\nas the \"Petrus d'Alvengue\" and \"Petrus de Alvernia\" who appear in surviving documents from Montpellier dated to the year 1148. Peire appears to have cultivated the favour of the ruling family of the Crown of Aragon, and his poems contain allusions to the counts of Barcelona and Provence. Perhaps he was following the fashion of the lords of Montpellier of his time, who, though vassals of the Count of Toulouse, were partial to the Aragonese. At the same time Peire did garner the support of Raymond V of Toulouse", "id": "6558330" }, { "contents": "Peire de Maensac\n\n\nPeire de Maensac was an Auvergnat knight and troubadour. He was from Maensac (either Mauzat, Manzat or Mainsat) in the lands of Dalfi d'Alvernha. He came from the petty nobility. His brother Austor or Austors was also a troubadour, but none of his works survives. According to Peire's \"vida\" the brothers agreed that one of them would \"have the castle\" (i.e. inherit) and the other would be the \"inventor\" (i.e. troubadour). Peire became the troubadour. He wrote poems dedicated", "id": "6679234" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nworldly deeds might be seen as \"piggish\".) Peire subsequently travelled widely, visiting the courts of Auvergne, Les Baux, Foix, Rodez, and Vienne. He may have even ventured into Spain and met Alfonso X of Castile, and James I of Aragon, although he never mentions the latter by name in his poems. (James is however of course mentioned in Peire's \"vida\".) During his travels Peire was accompanied by a suite of jongleurs, some of whom receive mention by name in his", "id": "4006798" }, { "contents": "Peire Raimon de Tolosa\n\n\ncharacterised by themes of nature. His style was hermetic. He imitated the troubadours Cadenet and Arnaut Daniel and was in turn imitated by Bertran de Born, especially as regards his use of natural imagery. Bertran went so far as to copy almost a whole stanza from Peire's \"No.m puesc sofrir d'una leu chanso faire.\" In \"Us noels pessamens\", Peire even anticipates the Tuscan poet Dante Alighieri. Peire is complaining about a mistress who first beckoned him and then broke her promise to him when he says: Peire", "id": "19379365" }, { "contents": "Aimeric de Belenoi\n\n\nwhere he probably had contact with Aimeric de Pegulhan, Albertet de Sestaro, Guillem Augier Novella and Peirol. He may also have made the acquaintance of Peire Cardenal. Aimeric went to Castile before making his final trip to Catalonia. His last datable work was \"Nulhs hom en res no falh\", a \"planh\" for Nuño Sánchez, who died in 1242. This \"planh\" was addressed to the \"comtessa Beatris\", wife of Raymond Berengar IV of Provence, and \"senher N'Imo\", her brother Aimone", "id": "15990226" }, { "contents": "Peire Bremon Ricas Novas\n\n\nproensal\", with its reference to \"us Provençals\". Peire's first datable work is a \"tenso\" written at the court of Raymond Berengar IV of Provence in 1230 with Gui de Cavalhon. At the court of Provence Peire also met Bertran d'Alamanon and Sordello, whose \"planh\" for Blacatz he imitated. Peire left the court of Raymond Berengar sometime in or after 1237 and went to that of Barral of Baux and thence to that of Raymond VII of Toulouse. Though there is no record of his having visited", "id": "12717295" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nsecond stanza Peire mentions Peter's success in the Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa; in the third he alludes to the sacking of Béziers (whose count Raymond Roger Trencavel was supposed to have been Peter's vassal): at Béziers the poorer soldiers of the Inquisition were flogged by the wealthier, and this is the theme of the stanza. Peire's mention of the court of Constantine may also again evoke the divorce proceedings of Peter and Marie where Peire ultimately lost. Peire later alludes to the death of someone (perhaps a", "id": "4006796" }, { "contents": "Elias de Barjols\n\n\naffability\" of Giraut IV Trencaleon d'Armagnac, the \"generosity\" of Randon (a lord of this name died before 1219, when he is mentioned in the testament of his son-in-law; he was the nephew of the troubadour Garin lo Brun), the \"good responses\" of Dalfi d'Alvernha, the \"wits\" of \"Peir cui es Monleos\" (maybe the troubadour Peire de Gavaret), the \"chivalry\" of Brian, the \"wisdom\" of Bertran, the \"courtesy\" of a", "id": "20595774" }, { "contents": "Peire Guilhem de Luserna\n\n\nPeire Guilhem de Luserna () was a Piedmontese troubadour. Peire's identity as an Italian has been up for debate since the 19th century. \"Luserna\" more probably refers to Luserna in the Piedmont, rich and populous in Peire’s time, a town on the left bank of the Pellice lying on the road into the Viennois and Dauphiné, Occitan-speaking territories. On the other hand, it may be Lusarne (\"Luserna\" in Italian) in the Leberon valley in Provence, on the road between Reillane in", "id": "10437582" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nPeire del Puei, li trobador\" with Aimeric de Pegulhan. At Raymond's court also perhaps, probably in 1213, Peire composed a \"sirventes\", \"Las amairitz, qui encolpar las vol\", which may have encouraged Peter II of Aragon to help Toulouse in the Battle of Muret, where Peter died. In this \"sirventes\" Peire alludes first perhaps to the accusations of adultery that Peter had leveled against Peter's wife Maria of Montpellier but also perhaps to the various changes in law governing women. In the", "id": "4006795" }, { "contents": "Peire Lunel de Montech\n\n\nPeire Lunel de Montech (fl. 1326–1384), also known as Cavalier Lunel or Peire de Lunel, was a lawyer, politician and author of Toulouse. His name indicates he was a knight (\"cavalier\" in Occitan) from Montech. In his youth he was a troubadour. A \"canso\", a Crusading song, a \"sirventes\", an \"ensenhamen\" and some moralising \"coblas esparsas\" survive of his work. The Crusading song is dated to around 1326. It is a critique of King", "id": "11493706" }, { "contents": "Ermengarde, Viscountess of Narbonne\n\n\nthe langue d'oïl in the north. She corresponded with many troubadours, including Peire Rogier, Giraut de Bornelh, Peire d'Alvergne, Pons d'Ortafa, and Salh d'Escola, as well as the trobairitz Azalais de Porcairagues. In addition it is believed that she welcomed to her court Rognvald II of Orkney, a Viking prince that became a saint, and poet, who composed skaldic poetry for her. Without issue after two unhappy marriages, Ermengarde designated as heir Pedro Manrique de Lara -the second but eldest surviving son of her half-sister", "id": "17254566" }, { "contents": "Peire de Corbiac\n\n\nPeire de Corbiac or Corbian was a Gascon cleric and troubadour of the thirteenth century. His most famous works are a religious piece, the \"Prière à la Vierge\" (prayer to the Virgin), and his \"treasures\", \"Lo tezaurs\" (c. 1225). Peire was born at Corbiac near Bordeaux to a poor family. He was educated at Orléans in the Scholastic tradition. His nephew was the troubadour Aimeric de Belenoi, whose \"vida\" refers to him as \"maestre\" (master, teacher", "id": "15078720" }, { "contents": "Peire de la Caravana\n\n\nGermany]br In saying: \"Brother, watz!\"br The sound of which as much resemblesbr Dogs barking. The German word \"watz\" is said to be an interjection resembling the clinking of glasses and proposes a toast. Peire also had ties to Sardinia. He dedicated his \"D'un serventes faire\" to a \"senhal Malgrat de toz\", which has been identified as Barisone II of Arborea, who was crowned King of Sardinia at Pavia by the Emperor Frederick I in return for 4,000 silver marks from Genoa, but was later deposed", "id": "20349652" }, { "contents": "Pere de Montsó\n\n\n. If Pattison's reconstruction of events surrounding Peire d'Alvernhe's satire is correct, however, Pere de Montsó was attached to the Spanish entourage (possibly as a jongleur) of Eleanor, daughter of Henry II of England and fiancée of Alfonso VIII of Castile, who was travelling through Gascony on her way to Spain when she and her entourage were entertained by Peire's satire. Pattison suggest on the basis of this stanza that the troupe had also travelled through the lands of Toulouse and met in the presence of the Count, whose", "id": "11269399" }, { "contents": "Occitan literature\n\n\nof Ventadour's father was a servant, Peire Vidal's a maker of furred garments, Perdigon's a fisher. Others belonged to the bourgeoisie, Peire d'Alvernha, for example, Peire Raimon of Toulouse, and Elias Fonsalada. Likewise we see merchants' sons as troubadours; this was the case with Folquet of Marseille and Aimeric de Peguilhan. A great many were clerics, or at least studied for the Church, for instance, Arnaut de Mareuil, Uc de Saint Circ, Aimeric de Belenoi, Hugh Brunet, Peire Cardenal", "id": "11312613" }, { "contents": "Pere de Montsó\n\n\nPere de Montsó (fl. 1173), also Peire de Monzo(n), was an Aragonese troubadour, though none of his compositions survive. He was probably from Monzón near the border with Catalonia, but he may have hailed from Monzón de Campos in Castile, as Ramón Menéndez Pidal believed. He is the subject of the eighth stanza of a famous satire of twelve troubadours by Peire d'Alvernhe. This stanza has different readings: The verse is very unclear. The first reading suggests that Raymond V of Toulouse had heard Pere sing", "id": "11269398" }, { "contents": "Peire de Barjac\n\n\nPeire de Barjac was a Languedocian troubadour who flourished in the first half of the thirteenth century. He was a descendant of the troubadours Guillem de Randon and Garin lo Brun. Only one of poem that was certainly written by Peire survives: \"Tot francamen, domna, veing denan vos\". The rubric above the poem in the manuscript labels it a \"conjat\" and scholars have classified it as a \"mala canso\", or bad \"canso\". It is a song about leaving his lover. Many other songs", "id": "8049259" }, { "contents": "Pierre Roger de Cabaret\n\n\nPierre Roger de Cabaret (French) or Pèire Rogièr de Cabaret (Occitan) (fl. 13th century) was a military leader of the Occitan forces in the Albigensian Crusade. He inherited three hilltop castles near modern-day Lastours from his father. He was a patron of the troubadours, including Peire Vidal. He was a vassal of viscount Raymond Roger Trencavel, and was present with him during the siege of the castrum of Carcassonne in early stages of the Albigensian Crusade in 1209. Allegedly, Pierre-Roger advised Trencavel", "id": "11128862" }, { "contents": "Peire Raimon de Tolosa\n\n\nPeire Raimon de Tolosa (or Toloza; fl. 1180–1220) was a troubadour from the merchant class of Toulouse. He is variously referred to as \"lo Viellz\" (\"the Old\") and \"lo Gros\" (\"the Fat\"), though these are thought by some to refer to two different persons. On the other hand, \"lo Viellz\" could refer to his being of an early generation of troubadours. Eighteen of Peire Ramon's poems survive, one \"canso\" with a melody.", "id": "19379362" }, { "contents": "Peire Vidal\n\n\ncity, Ermengarde, was a notable patron of troubadours (like Azalais de Porcairagues) there is no indication that she patronised Peire or that he wrote songs for her. Peire was also associated with Raimon Jaufre Barral, viscount of Marseille and brother-in-law of Vierna. Barral's son-in-law, Hugh of Baux, was also a patron of Peire Vidal. The troubadour Blacatz, a relative of Hugh's and of modest wealth, was a patron. Peire Vidal is referenced in Ezra Pound's poem", "id": "7150833" }, { "contents": "Peire Guilhem de Luserna\n\n\nthe Basses-Alpes and Bastide-des-Jourdans. Peire was probably at the court of the Este beginning in 1221, during the reign of Azzo VII, husband of Giovanna, the object of one of Peire's songs. Sometime before arriving at Ferrara, Peire was probably at the court of Manfred III of Saluzzo. In 1220 Aimeric de Peguilhan, then at the Malaspina court, mentioned him in a poem—\"Ni un autre tirador / qu’eu no vuoill dir de Luserna\"—as being among a quintet of Occitan poets at Saluzzo: Peire", "id": "10437583" }, { "contents": "Gonzalo Ruiz\n\n\nthe 1170s. If Gonzalo Ruiz is de Azagra, it should be noted that his brother's daughter, Tota Pérez, was married to Diego López de Haro—with whom the lord of La Bureba had a connexion—who was a great patron of troubadours. Rigaut de Barbezill, Peire Vidal, and Aimeric de Pegulhan all spent time at his court, as did Rodrigo Díaz de los Cameros, his son-in-law, one of the earliest Galician-Portuguese troubadours. Riquer attaches the Castilian embassy in France circa", "id": "12361311" }, { "contents": "Peire de la Caravana\n\n\nPeire de la Caravana (also Cavarana, Gavarana, or Cà Varana, perhaps meaning \"near Verona\") was an Italian troubadour (\"trovatore\") in Lombardy in the late 12th and early 13th centuries. He was one of the earliest Occitan troubadours in Italy. He is famous for his \"sirventes\". Among his preserved works are the \"sirventes\" \"D'un serventes faire\" and \"La Paz de Costanza\". Peire wrote the first encouraging the communes of northern Italy to resist German overlorship, which has", "id": "20349649" }, { "contents": "Peire Rogier\n\n\nlong time. From Raimbaut's court he moved on to sojourn at that of Alfonso VIII of Castile, then that of Alfonso II of Aragon, and finally that of Raymond V of Toulouse, where he arrived circa 1170. According to his \"vida\", he became much esteemed as a troubadour through his travels, but there is no evidence otherwise for any movements in Spain, except perhaps the assembly of troubadours at the court of Aragon mentioned in a work of Peire d'Alvernhe (which need not have taken place).", "id": "1085906" }, { "contents": "Peire de Bussignac\n\n\nPeire de Bussignac, Bossinhac, or Bocinhac (fl. c. 1160) was a nobleman, cleric, and troubadour from the Périgord. He was probably from Bussignac in Hautefort, but possibly Boussignac in Tulle. He was, according to his \"vida\", \"from the castle of Bertran de Born\". Though his \"vida\" speaks of \"good \"sirventes\"\" to reproach ladies for bad behaviour and \"sirventes\" attacking Bertran, only one \"sirventes\" by Peire survives: \"Quan lo dous temps", "id": "6679237" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\nCastile sojourned at Puivert. If the above date is not accepted, it can be probably dated later than 1165—since Giraut de Borneill was only active from c.1170—and certainly before 1173, when Raimbaut d'Aurenga died. The Monge de Montaudon later composed a parody of Peire's satire, \"Pos Peire d'Alvernhl a chantat\". \"Chantarai d'aquest trobadors\" is near universally regarded today as playful parody and not as a work of serious literary or artistic criticism. The obscurity of most of the ridiculed poets and the attack upon such personal characteristics as", "id": "6558337" }, { "contents": "Arnaut de Tintinhac\n\n\nattitude towards encouraging courtly love he also resembles the early troubadours. Like other early Gascon troubadours, such as Peire de Valeira, he employed nature metaphors, as at the beginning of this song: The \"vida\" of Peire de Valeira seems to confuse its intended subject with Arnaut (at least at some points). It goes like this: Peire de Valeira was from Gascony, from the land of Lord Arnaut Guillem de Marsan. He was a minstrel at the very same time in which Marcabru lived, and he composed", "id": "12717977" }, { "contents": "Peire de Valeira\n\n\nPeire de Valeira, Valeria, or Valera (fl. early–mid twelfth century) was a Gascon troubadour. Since troubadour poetry probably originated in northwest Aquitaine (Poitou and Saintonge) and first spread—within a generation—south into Gascony, Peire was one of the earliest troubadours. Only two of his poems survive, one \"canso\" (\"Vezer volgra n'Ezelgarda\") and one \"cobla\" (\"Qui qu'Amors don son voler\"). His birthplace was Valera, near Podensac and Saint-Macaire in", "id": "18999206" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Ussel\n\n\nPeire d'Ussel or d'Uisel (\"Pèire d'Ussèl\" in modern Occitan; fl. c. 1200) was a Limousin troubadour, the middle of three brothers, castellans of the castle of Ussel-sur-Sarzonne, northeast of Ventadorn. His elder brother was Eble and his younger Gui, and he also had a cousin named Elias; all four were troubadours. According to Gui's \"vida\", Peire descanted his relatives’ songs. This should not be understood to imply that Peire was only a musician. One \"cobla", "id": "14026658" }, { "contents": "Peyre de Rius\n\n\nPeyre de Rius (\"fl.\"1344–86) was an Occitan troubadour from Foix. He wrote under the patronage of Gaston Phoebus, Count of Foix, and Peter the Ceremonious, King of Aragon. He is one of the few troubadours known by name who lived for a time at Peter's court in Barcelona. His name in standardised Occitan is \"Peire\" or \"Pèire\", in Catalan it is \"Pere\", and in modern French \"Pierre\". An obscure reference to a Pere Riu among some \"", "id": "16102630" }, { "contents": "Matfre Ermengau\n\n\n) of the work, \"Perilhos tractatz d'amor de donas, seguon qu'en han tractat li antic trobador en lurs cansos\", structured as a dialogue between the defenders Love and her critics, is filled with citations (266 by some counts) of other troubadours and even some trouvères; Matfre cited himself six (Jeanroy) or nine (Paden) times and cited his brother Peire twice. He was careful to cite poets from different eras, but his favourites appear to be Aimeric de Peguilhan, Bernart de Ventadorn, and Peire", "id": "4121404" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nhim to vernacular lyric poetry and he abandoned his career in the church for \"the vanity of this world\", according to his \"vida\". Peire began his career at the court of Raymond VI of Toulouse—from whom he sought patronage—and a document of 1204 refers to a \"Petrus Cardinalis\" as a scribe of Raymond's chancery. At Raymond's court, however, he appears to have been known as Peire del Puoi or Puei (). Around 1238 he wrote a \"partimen\" beginning \"", "id": "4006794" }, { "contents": "Peire de la Mula\n\n\n, \"Una leig vei d'escuoill\", was also an attack on minstrels (\"joglars\"), who, at his time, were bringing their \"insolence\" from across the Alps into the presence of the \"pros\" (powerful) of Italy. Peire refers in this work to both Breton (\"Bretz\") and Norman (\"Normans\") minstrels. Peire's only full-length work to survive, \"Dels joglars servir mi laisse\", is a \"sirventes joglaresc\", a \"sirventes", "id": "13683551" }, { "contents": "Sancha of Castile, Queen of Aragon\n\n\nSancha of Castile (21 September 1154/5 – 9 November 1208) was the only surviving child of King Alfonso VII of Castile by his second wife, Richeza of Poland. On January 18, 1174, she married King Alfonso II of Aragon at Zaragoza; they had at least eight children who survived into adulthood. A patroness of troubadours such as Giraud de Calanson and Peire Raymond, the queen became involved in a legal dispute with her husband concerning properties which formed part of her dower estates. In 1177 she entered the county of", "id": "21291157" }, { "contents": "Ottone del Carretto\n\n\nin 1217. He predeceased his father in 1228. His second son, Enrico (Henry), married Beatrice, daughter of Boniface I of Montferrat. A third son, Manfredo (Manfred), is only attested in one document of 1242 in the \"Codex Astensis\". Ottone was a patron of several troubadours, composers of Old Occitan lyric poetry. He is prominent in the \"vida\" (short vernacular biography) of Peire de la Mula. In one manuscript his name is given as \"miser N'Ot del Carret", "id": "18951554" }, { "contents": "Peire de Barjac\n\n\nare attributed to multiple troubadours in the manuscripts. Some attributed to Peire are also attributed to Peire de Bussignac, Berenguier de Palazol, Elias de Barjols, Guillem de la Tor, Pons de Capdoill and Uc de Saint Circ; yet few of these other attributions are reliable. One song attributed to Peire in one manuscript is unattributed in another. Stronski argues that the attribution to Elias de Barjols was an emendation by the scribe confronted with the unfamiliar name Peire de Barjac. Napolski considered the attribution to Pons de Capdoill dubious. Alfred", "id": "8049260" }, { "contents": "Uc de Lescura\n\n\nUc de Lescura or de l'Escura (fl. 1190–1204) was a minor troubadour. The \"Lescura\" of his birth is unknown. There is a Lescurre in Ariège, Aveyron, and Tarn. Based on references in his work, historian Alfred Adler placed him at the court of Alfonso VIII of Castile (whom he calls \"emperor\") and in Catalonia. Uc's only existing work is a \"sirventes\", \"De mots ricos no tem Peire Vidal\", that begins with a \"gab\" proclaiming his", "id": "7146555" }, { "contents": "Peire de Montagut\n\n\nPeire de Montagut (? – 28 January 1232) was Grand Master of the Knights Templar from 1218 to 1232. He took part in the Fifth Crusade and was against the Sultan of Egypt's conditions for raising the siege of Damietta. He was previously Master of the Crown of Aragon. A close friend of Guillaume de Chartres, it was most likely the trust the previous Grand Master had in him which meant he himself was elected so quickly in 1218. At the same time, the Grand Master of the Knights Hospitaller was", "id": "11505219" }, { "contents": "Alfonso II of Aragon\n\n\ntaking a lover who is richer than herself. The debate had been begun by Guilhem de Saint-Leidier and was taken up by Azalais de Porcairagues and Raimbaut of Orange; there was also a \"partimen\" on the topic between Dalfi d'Alvernha and Perdigon. Alfonso and his love affairs are mentioned in poems by many troubadours, including Guillem de Berguedà (who criticized his dealings with Azalais of Toulouse) and Peire Vidal, who commended Alfonso's decision to marry Sancha rather than Eudokia Komnene that he had preferred a poor Castilian maid", "id": "20647088" }, { "contents": "Peire de Ladils\n\n\nPeire de Ladils de Bazas (; fl. 1325–1355) was a Gascon troubadour associated with the Consistori del Gay Saber in Toulouse. He was from Bazas in the Gironde and he served as advocate for the Cathédrale Saint-Jean-Baptiste. His surviving work comprises four \"cansos\", three \"dansas\", and two \"partimens\". In 1340 he composed a political \"partimen\" with Raimon de Cornet. He, and presumably Raimon also, was apparently well-read in the romantic literature of his time. His", "id": "11791403" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\nspirited courtly love\") he is the only troubadour to ever use the term \"courtly love\". Marcabrunian influence can be seen here too. In a later Crusade song, Peire defended Marcabru's abandonment of the \"carnal amar\". He advocates \"gran sabers ni purs\" (\"great and pure wisdom\") through \"bon'amor\" (\"good love\"). Along with Bernart Marti, Bernart de Venzac, and Gavaudan, Peire was part of a \"Marcabrunian school\". Nonetheless, as mentioned above", "id": "6558333" }, { "contents": "Guilhem Peire Cazals de Caortz\n\n\ncor que trameta\", composed in 1240, which mirrors \"D'una leu chanso ai cor que m'entremeta\", a \"canso\" by Guilhem Peire, in metre and rhyme and therefore gives a \"terminus ante quem\" for the \"tenso\"'s composition. Nine of Guilhem Peire's poems are dedicated to a certain friend and jongleur known only by the affectionate \"senhal\" \"Ardit\". Generally he wrote in the trobar ric genre, and in his \"leu chanso\" (\"canso\" in the trobar leu", "id": "12553938" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\n. The author of his \"vida\", editorialising, considers his poems to have been the greatest until Giraut de Borneill and his melodies to have been the best ever. The anonymous biographer records that his information about Peire's later years comes from Dalfi d'Alvernha. It has been suggested that Dalfi was the author of the \"vida\". According to an accusation of fellow troubadour Bernart Marti, Peire entered upon a religious life early, but quit Holy Orders for a life of itinerant minstrelsy. He may be the same person", "id": "6558329" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nan opponent of Christianity or even the Crusades. In \"Totz lo mons es vestitiz et abrazatz\" he urged Philip III of France, who had recently succeeded his father, Louis IX, who died in 1270 on the failed Eighth Crusade, to go to the aid of Edward Longshanks, then on the Ninth Crusade in Syria. Near the end of the \"sirventes\", \"Ab votz d'angel, lengu' esperta, non bleza\", composed as noted probably around 1229, Peire's words, \"[s]'ieu fos", "id": "4006802" }, { "contents": "Albert Malaspina\n\n\nAlbert Malaspina (1160/1165–1206/1212), called Alberto Moro (\"the Moor\") and \"lo marches putanier\" (\"the whoring marquess\"), was a member of the illustrious Malaspina family. He was a noted troubadour and patron of troubadours. Albert disputes with Peire de la Caravana the position of earliest native Italian troubadour. He was a son of Obizzo I the Great and husband of a daughter of William V of Montferrat. His brother-in-law Boniface I of Montferrat and his nephews Corrado (Conrad)", "id": "17471547" }, { "contents": "Peire de Corbiac\n\n\n) and Peire elsewhere calls himself \"maistre\". Certainly Peire's \"Tezaur\" is didactic in nature: his purpose in writing was to convince the wise that though he was poor in material terms he was richer still. Composed in 840 alexandrines, the \"Tezaur\" is an encyclopaedic compilation of all that the troubadour knew. The work displays a great breadth of knowledge. He expends 547 lines narrating the chief events of the Old and New Testaments, then discusses the seven liberal arts, medicine, surgery, necromancy,", "id": "15078721" }, { "contents": "Peire de Valeira\n\n\nfor an early troubadour genre which did not survive. It may also be that the distinctiveness of Peire's genre was regional, a Gascon style. The later Gascon troubadour Guiraut de Calanso wrote verses that were \"d'aquella saison\" (\"of that time\") and disliked in Provence, perhaps pointing to a Gascon tradition (or \"literary fad\") which was not popular outside of \"Gascoigna\" (Gascony). The \"paubra valor\" (\"poor value\") of Peire's songs may be a reflection", "id": "18999210" }, { "contents": "Henry II of Rodez\n\n\nHenry II (Occitan: \"Enric II de Rodés\") (c. 1236–1304), of the House of Millau, was the Count of Rodez and Viscount of Carlat from 1274 until his death. He was the son of Hugh IV of Rodez and Isabeau de Roquefeuil. Henry II was a troubadour and patron of troubadours. He composed six poems that survive: four \"tensos\" and two \"partimens\" (alternatively five \"torneyamens\"). His short \"vida\" records an exchange of couplets between \"lo coms", "id": "16712769" }, { "contents": "Peire Bremon lo Tort\n\n\nPeire Bremon lo Tort (or Bremonz lo Tortz) (\"fl.\" 1177) was a troubadour from the Viennois. Though only two of his pieces (both love songs) survive, his poetry is characterised by Francoprovençalisms. According to his short \"vida\", he was \"honoured by all the notable men.\" Peire Bremon has been identified with the Petrus Bermudi and Peire Bremont found in documents of 1160 pertaining to the Dauphiné. He is possibly the same person as the Peire Bremon related to the Counts of", "id": "16694577" }, { "contents": "Bernart Marti\n\n\nBernart Marti was a troubadour, composing poems and satires in Occitan, in the mid twelfth century. They show that he was influenced by his contemporaries Marcabru and knew Peire d'Alvernha, whom, in one poem, he accused of abandoning holy orders. Along with Peire, Gavaudan, and Bernart de Venzac he is sometimes placed in a hypothetical Marcabrunian school. His work is \"enigmatic, ironic, and satiric\", but has no following among later troubadours, according to Gaunt and Kay. Nine or ten of Marti's poems", "id": "14690002" }, { "contents": "Occitan literature\n\n\nthe part he is said to have played both by his sword and his sirveniescs in the struggle between Henry II of England and his rebel sons, though the importance of his part in the events of the time seems to have been greatly exaggerated; Peire Vidal of Toulouse, a poet of varied inspiration who grew rich with gifts bestowed on him by the greatest nobles of his time; Guiraut de Borneil, \"lo macsire dels trobadors\", and at any rate master in the art of the so-called close style (", "id": "11312610" }, { "contents": "Peire de Maensac\n\n\nto the (unnamed) wife of Bernart de Tierci. According to his \"vida\" he sang so much to her that she eventually allowed herself to be \"abducted\" by him. He fled with her to the castle of Dalf d'Alvernha, but her husband waged a \"great war\" to bring her back. Dalfi reputedly defended the castle so well that Bernart was unable to ever reclaim her. Peire was called a \"pleasant companion\" by his biographer. He wrote mostly \"cansos\" of courtly love with \"", "id": "6679235" }, { "contents": "Aimerico Manrique de Lara\n\n\ndefend the rights of the viscounts of Narbonne, recognising the rights of Aimeric at the same time. In early 1176, Ermengarda to retired to the monastery of Fontfroide, leaving the reins of government in Narbonne in Aimeric's hands. Aimeric died on 14 October 1177. Raymond V recovered his rights in Narbonne and his ducal title. Peire Rogier, a troubadour who frequented Ermengarda's court, addressed a poem to the viscountess and Aimeric. It is one of Peire's few datable works, coming between the years of Aimeric's", "id": "7254812" }, { "contents": "Guilhem d'Anduza\n\n\nGuilhem d'Anduza (fl. 1244–81) was a minor troubadour active in the middle of the thirteenth century. He belonged to the family of the lords of Anduze, who were patrons of several other troubadours. He was the eldest son of Peire Bremon VII, the last lord of Anduze and Sauve, and Josserande de Poitiers. Most of his father's lands were confiscated for rebellion in 1244. Guilhem acquired the barony of Olargues through marriage and inherited Hierle on his father's death in 1254. His petition to recover Anduze and", "id": "15667365" }, { "contents": "Guillem de Ribes\n\n\nof Miralpeix (now part of Sitges), held by one of his vassals, when it came under siege by two rivals, Berenguer de Castellet and Eymerich de Espiells. The castle was taken in an assault and partially destroyed. In a lawsuit brought against Guillem in the early 1200s, it was alleged that he had deliberately impeded the defence of the castle to his own benefit. He was succeeded by his nephew, Ponç II. The troubadour Peire d'Alvernhe composed a song satirizing twelve contemporary troubadours. It was probably first performed", "id": "10989340" }, { "contents": "Peire Guillem de Tolosa\n\n\nPeire Guillem (or Guilhem) de Tolosa was a 13th-century troubadour from Toulouse. Only one \"sirventes\" he wrote (\"En Sordel, que us es semblan\"), a \"tenso\" with the contemporary Italian poet Sordello, survives. According to his \"vida\" he was a courtly man who loved high society. The author of the \"vida\" also expresses admiration for his couplets but bewails the excessive number he composed, though so few of his works survive to this day. He was also", "id": "15990053" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\ncan detect the moralising influence of Marcabru, with whom in whose old age he was possibly acquainted. One of Marcabru's late songs is a satire of an early one by Peire d'Alvernhe. Marcabru's complexity was also imparted to Peire. On the topic of courtly love, Peire, who had abandoned the religious life early, came to abandon the claims of \"fin'amor\" (\"fine love\") later. When Peire espouses love of the Holy Ghost over \"cortez' amors de bon aire\" (\"well-", "id": "6558332" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\nthem and beg their mercy.\" By far, however, Peire's most famous work is \"Chantarai d'aquest trobadors\", a \"sirventes\" written at Puivert (\"Puoich-vert\") in which he ridicules twelve contemporary troubadours (\"a poetical gallery\") and praises himself. It has been conjectured that this piece was first performed in the presence of all twelve of the ridiculed poets in late Summer 1170 while an embassy bringing Eleanor, daughter of Henry II of England, to her Spanish goorm Alfonso VIII of", "id": "6558336" }, { "contents": "Peire de la Caravana\n\n\nbeen dated to as early as 1157. However, Peire incites the Lombard cities by harkening back to the fate of the baronage of Apulia who had resisted the Germans earlier: \"Lombart, beus gardazbr \"Que ja non siazbr \"Pejer que compraz,br \"Si ferm non estaz!br \"De Pulla'us sovegnabr \"Dels valens barosbr \"Qu'il non an que pegnabr \"For de lor maisos;br \"Gardaz non devegnabr \"Autretal de vos! This has led some to date it to 1194, when Henry VI conquered Sicily or as late", "id": "20349650" }, { "contents": "Marcoat\n\n\nMarcoat was a minor Gascon troubadour and joglar who flourished in the mid twelfth century. He is often cited in connexion with Eleanor of Aquitaine and is placed in a hypothetical \"school\" of poetry which includes Bernart de Ventadorn, Marcabru, Cercamon, Jaufre Rudel, Peire Rogier, and Peire de Valeria among others. Of all his works, only two \"sirventes\" survive: \"Mentre m'obri eis huisel\" and \"Una re.us dirai, en Serra\". Marcoat was an innovator building off the work of the contemporary Gascon", "id": "10485658" }, { "contents": "Gonzalo Ruiz\n\n\nmarry Alfonso VIII of Castile, then the identification of Guossalbo Roitz with Gonzalo Ruiz of Bureba becomes probable. Peire has this to say about his eleventh \"victim\" in lines 67 to 72: Peire is making fun of Gonzalo's well-known military career. In fact, Peire may have learned about Gonzalo on a trip he made to Castile in the spring of 1158. If he did not meet Gonzalo at the Castilian court, where Gonzalo undoubtedly was between January and February, then he may have met him at the", "id": "12361307" }, { "contents": "Peire Bremon lo Tort\n\n\nToulouse in a stanza of Peire d'Alvernhe's satire of contemporary troubadours. \"Peire Bremon\" was not a rare name and it was shared by the later troubadour, sometimes erroneously identified with lo Tort (whose nickname means \"the Wrong\"), Peire Bremon Ricas Novas. Peire's earlier poem, \"Mei oill an gran manentia\", was written as the troubadour prepared to depart from Syria, where he had been staying. He left behind a beloved \"domna\" (lady), whom he celebrated in the poem", "id": "16694578" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nabout the nuns may have additional significance. His tone changes after this and his closing lines suggest though that all this is a miracle from the \"saintly fathers\", suggesting his acceptance of things: Cardenal.org says that some have interpreted these lines as suggesting that Peire married at this time. By the end of his life he appears reconciled to the new \"modus vivendi\" in southern France. He died at an advanced age (allegedly one hundred years old) possibly either in Montpellier or Nimes, but this is only a", "id": "4006804" }, { "contents": "Peire Vidal\n\n\nPeire Vidal (born mid-12th century) was an Old Occitan troubadour. Forty-five of his songs are extant. The twelve that still have melodies bear testament to the deserved nature of his musical reputation. There is no contemporary reference to Peire outside of his works of poetry. His \"vida\" (a short Occitan biography)—composed about fifty years after his death—and two \"razos\" (short commentaries on specific poems) are probably fictionalised works built on episodes from his poems. Only the opening line of the \"vida", "id": "7150829" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\ndaughter or perhaps Peire's wife Marie) and then apparently to the couple's son James I of Aragon, born at Candlemas, according to James's Chronicle. It's not clear who the \"crois hom\" or \"dreadful man\" is in the final couplet, whose deeds are \"piggish\": Peire has really never addressed anyone in this verse but Peter II and those close to him. (But dualism had by then made its way into some of the local religious views of Medieval Languedoc: in dualist philosophy", "id": "4006797" }, { "contents": "Guillem de Balaun\n\n\nVierneta when he next returned to see Guilhelma. After a long time he returned, did reconcile Peire and Vierneta, and gave Peire more joy than he had felt even when he first won his lady. In order to test whether or not the joy of recovering a lady was greater than that of winning her, Guillem acted as though he were very angry with her. He ceased to discuss her or hear her discussed, to send her messages, or to visit her region. She sent him pleading messengers and letters of", "id": "21063206" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nmaritz\", \"if I were wed\", suggest that he is not yet wed. The verse which follows provides evidence in the view of some that Peire married: it first mocks the \"barrenness that bears fruit\" of the \"[beguinas\" (beguines, who may have sometimes been associated with the Dominicans; Hill and Bergin in 1973 said this was a reference to nuns of the Dominican Order). Throughout the verse of course Peire had been poking fun at the Dominican clergy, but the comment", "id": "4006803" }, { "contents": "Antide Boyer\n\n\nhis father, a potter. He spent four years at the minor seminary of Marseille, where he lost his faith in Christianity. He met Pierre Mazière at the seminary, who later wrote under the nom-de-plume Peire Simoun. He worked for the Chemins de fer de Paris à Lyon et à la Méditerranée (PLM), then at the La Ciotat shipyards, and then ran a wholesale oil and soap store with his first wife. He was one of the founders of the Bouches-du-Rhone Socialist", "id": "16118352" }, { "contents": "Peire de Valeira\n\n\nthe Gironde. His \"vida\" places his birthplace in the fief of Arnaut Guillem de Marsan, who was himself a troubadour. He was a contemporary of Marcabru and originally a jongleur. His poems were typical for the time, according to Uc de Saint Circ, the probable author of his \"vida\", being about natural objects (like leaves, flowers, and birds), but not of great value to the biographer's time. But Uc saves his harshest critique for the end, as Elizabeth Poe relates:", "id": "18999207" }, { "contents": "Troubadour\n\n\nNicoletto da Torino, Peire Raimon de Tolosa, Peire Rogier, Peire de Valeira, Peirol, Pistoleta, Perdigon, Salh d'Escola, Uc de la Bacalaria, Uc Brunet, and Uc de Saint Circ were jongleur-troubadours. A \"vida\" is a brief prose biography, written in Occitan, of a troubadour. The word \"vida\" means \"life\" in Occitan. In the chansonniers, the manuscript collections of medieval troubadour poetry, the works of a particular author are often accompanied by a short prose biography.", "id": "16794140" }, { "contents": "Peire de la Caravana\n\n\nas 1225, when the city-states of northern Italy renewed the old Lombard League in opposition to Henry's son, Frederick I of Sicily, Holy Roman Emperor. Writing in Lombardy in the Occitan tongue under the nominal sovereignty of the German monarch, Peire took the opportunity to poke fun at the German language, writing in a famously debated passage: \"Granoglas resembla\" [\"la gent d'Alemanha\"]br \"En dir\"(\"e\"): Broder, guaz;br \"Lairan, quant s'asemblabr \"Cum cans enrabjaz\".brbr Frogs resemble [the people of", "id": "20349651" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\n. In his wanderings he may have spent some time at Cortezon, at the court of the minor nobleman and troubadour Raimbaut d'Aurenga. Peire lived a long into old age, and performed penance before dying. Peire wrote mostly \"cansos\", which, as his \"vida\" points out, were called \"vers\" in his day. He also invented the \"pious song\" and wrote six such poems dealing with serious themes of religion, piety, and spirituality. Even in his more profane works, however, one", "id": "6558331" }, { "contents": "Raymond Pilet d'Alès\n\n\nRaymond Pilet (Raymond de Narbonnne-Pelet) (1075-1120), the only child of Bernard I Pilet of Narbonne and his wife, whose name is unknown. Seigneur of Alès. Bernard was the son of Raymond II, Viscount of Narbone from 1066 to 1067. The name “pelet” refers to a fur that the nobility wore over their cuirass and coats-of-arms. Raymond distinguished himself as a great warrior during the First Crusade. Many of the chroniclers of the Crusades, including William of Tyre", "id": "10100689" }, { "contents": "Dalfi d'Alvernha\n\n\nGuillemette de Comborn, Countess of Montferrand, daughter of Archambaud, Viscount of Comborn, and Jourdaine of Périgord. Their children were Aélis, Guillaume (William, later Count of Clermont), Blanche, and Alix. Troubadours who worked with Dalfi or sang at his court include Peirol, Perdigon, Peire de Maensac, Gaucelm Faidit, and Uc de Saint Circ; his cousin, bishop Robert of Clermont, exchanged satirical and erotic verses with him, as did Richard Coeur de Lion. One \"partimen\" between Dauphin and Perdigon", "id": "11683786" }, { "contents": "Troubadour\n\n\nwhose style seems to have fallen out of favour, was the \"Gascon school\" of Cercamon, Peire de Valeira, and Guiraut de Calanso. Cercamon was said by his biographer to have composed in the \"old style\" (\"la uzansa antiga\") and Guiraut's songs were \"d'aquella saison\" (\"of that time\"). This style of poetry seems to be attached to early troubadours from Gascony and was characterised by references to nature: leaves, flowers, birds, and their songs. This Gascon", "id": "16794155" }, { "contents": "Aimeric de Belenoi\n\n\nAimeric de Belenoi (fl. 1215–1242) was a Gascon troubadour. At least fifteen of his songs survived. Seven others were attributed to him in some medieval manuscripts. Aimeric was born in the castle of Lesparra in the Bordelais (\"metropolis civitas Burdigalensium\", the modern Gironde). His uncle was another troubadour, Peire de Corbiac. His \"vida\" says he was a cleric and later a jongleur before he took to \"inventing good songs, which were beautiful and charming.\" He apparently was the feudal lord", "id": "15990224" }, { "contents": "Jaufre de Pons\n\n\nis a \"partimen\" with Guiraut Riquier (\"Guiraut Riquier, diatz me,\" composed probably 1270 or 1280–1). Jaufre's part in the debate consists in asking plain youthful questions about love only to receive the bitter and experienced answers of Guiraut in proverbial form. Jaufre was probably the husband of Isabeau, daughter of Henry II of Rodez, a patron of troubadours. In 1292 he rendered homage to the lord of Châteauroux. Some scholars have suspected that there were more than one Jaufre de Pons (one from the", "id": "20235204" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\nthe \"trobar braus\" as a legitimate format for \"rough\" themes. One anonymous song of the Fifth Crusade, \"Lo Senhre que formet lo tro\", written between Spring 1213 and July 1214 has been attributed to Peire d'Alvernhe, but the dating makes that impossible. In a \"tenso\" between a Bernart (probably Bernart de Ventadorn) and an unnamed Peire, perhaps Peire d'Alvernhe, the latter argues that \"it is not becoming for ladies to make love-pleas; it is fitting that men plead with", "id": "6558335" }, { "contents": "Peire Guillem de Tolosa\n\n\nsaid to have composed \"sirventes joglarescs\", or \"sirventes\" in the manner of joglars, in order to criticise \"the barons\" (presumably the high noblesse). He also wrote a work criticising the prolific trouvère Theobald I of Navarre. The troubadour Bertran Carbonel twice mentions another troubadour by the initials P.G., possibly indicating Peire Guilhem. He mourns a certain P.G. in a \"planh\", where the initials probably stand in the manuscript for a full name, since three syllables would be required by the metre.", "id": "15990054" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\nappearance and manners has been cited in support of the view that the parody was done in the presence of all twelve victims, further supporting the conclusion that the parody was good-natured. Besides the criticism of a personal nature, many of the criticism launched by Peire allude to the works of the others, notably those of Bernart de Ventadorn and Raimbaut d'Aurenga. Peire's \"vida\" acclaimed him an accomplished singer and the greatest composer of melodies for verses yet known. Peire's famous \"Chantarai d'aquest trobadors\" contains a", "id": "6558338" }, { "contents": "Peire de Corbiac\n\n\ncentury before its appearance in Latin as \"contrapunctus\", today's counterpoint. The \"Tezaur\" had a lasting influence in the Late Middle Ages. The Jew Emanuele da Roma wrote the \"Ninth Meḥabbereth\", a Hebrew poem based on the \"Tesoretto\" of Brunetto Latini, itself based on the \"Tezaur\" of Peire. Peire was a religious man, as the dedicatory first verse of his \"Tezaur\" attests: it contains a dedication to Jesus and Mary and a statement of Trinitarian faith. His prayer to", "id": "15078723" }, { "contents": "Amanieu de Sescars\n\n\nSicily, and 1291, when he inherited Aragon. Amanieu's second didactic work, the \"Ensenhamen de la donsela\" can be dated between 1291 and 1295 by a reference to James as King of Aragon and to the ongoing War of the Sicilian Vespers. It is addressed to an unnamed \"donsela\" (young woman) and is designed to teach her how to behave in courtly society and how to be respected. Amanieu's poetry is definitely influenced by Peire Vidal and also possibly by Arnaut de Maruelh. The later troubadour", "id": "7359304" } ]

[ { "contents": "Peire Pelet\n\n\nPeire Pelet (died 1303) was the \"conseigneur\" of Alès in the Languedoc. He was married to Delfina (Delphine), a sister of Henry II of Rodez. He is the senher d'Alest (the lord of Alès) referred to as a participant in the \"torneyamen\" \"Senhe n'Enric, us reys un ric avar\" along with his brother-in-law Henry and the troubadour Guiraut Riquier. Peire was descended from a Raymond Pelet who took part in the First Crusade. His father was Bernard Pelet", "id": "9562337" }, { "contents": "Peire Pelet\n\n\n, who died in September 1252, leaving his entire heritage to his eldest son, William, under the tutelage of Bernard de Barre, Guillaume de Pontils, and Jean de Bossoles. In 1253 William, with his tutors and his younger brothers, including Peire, received the homage of their father's vassals: Hugues de Melet, Pierre de Spinasson, and many others, in the presence of Pierre Gaucelin, Bérenger de la Fare, Arnaud d'Arsac, and Pierre Gaucelin de Follaquier. On the death of William without heirs Peire", "id": "9562338" }, { "contents": "Peire Pelet\n\n\nsucceeded him. He married Delfina sometime before April 1276, when her brother released a sum of money left her by their father, Henry I: a hundred marks of silver or 5,000 \"sols tournois\". In 1274 James I of Aragon renounced the homage and oath of fealty owed by Peire for his fief since his great-great-grandfather, Bertrand Pelet, Count of Melgueil, had rendered it to James's grandfather, Alfonso II. Peire then began a war with Bérenger de Frédol, Bishop of Maguelonne, over", "id": "9562339" }, { "contents": "Peire Pelet\n\n\nthe county of Melgueil, which at that time was held by the bishop from the Papacy. In 1276 the combatants were brought before the episcopal court of the Archdiocese of Narbonne. Peire lost the case and was ordered to pay 1,000 \"livres\" in compensation. Joseph Angalde placed the aforementioned \"torneyamen\" around 1280–1, before the death of Peire, which he believed occurred in 1282; after the return of Riquier from Castile in 1279; and after the succession of Henry, who he believed was referred to as \"coms", "id": "9562340" }, { "contents": "Peire Raimon de Tolosa\n\n\nPeire Ramon's name (as \"Petrus Raimundus\") appears in two documents of Toulouse, dated to 1182 and 1214. According to his \"vida\", he became a jongleur and travelled to the court of Alfonso II of Aragon, who bestowed great honour on him. The earliest datable work by Peire Ramon is a \"planh\" written on the death of Henry the Young King in 1183. According to his \"vida\" Peire passed \"a long time\" at the courts of Alfonso, William VIII of Montpellier", "id": "19379363" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\npoetry. Among the other troubadours Peire encountered in his travels were Aimeric de Belenoi and Raimon de Miraval. He may have met Daude de Pradas and Guiraut Riquier at Rodez. Peire was influenced by Cadenet, whom he honoured in one of his pieces. He was possibly influenced by Bernart de Venzac. In his early days he was a vehement opponent of the French, the clergy and the Albigensian Crusade. In the \"sirventes\", \"Ab votz d'angel, lengu' esperta, non bleza\", dated by Hill and", "id": "4006799" }, { "contents": "Peire Vidal\n\n\nMany of his early poems were addressed to Vierna de Porcellet, a relative of the count's. In some poems Peire, Vierna and Raymond form a love triangle. From Toulouse Peire went to the court of King Alfonso II of Aragon, where he remained in good favour until the king's death in 1196. He continued to occasionally visit the court of Alfonso's son, Peter II In the rivalry between the rulers of Toulouse and Aragon, Peire took the side of Aragon. He visited the court of King Alfonso VIII", "id": "7150831" }, { "contents": "William I of Cagliari\n\n\nhis death. Allegedly, he was a man of some culture, as he was in reportedly in contact with the Provençal troubadours Peire de la Caravana and Peire Vidal, likely to contract their services on behalf of his wealthy patrons. He was the son of Giorgia, daughter of Constantine II of Cagliari, and Obert, Margrave of Massa. He was a brother of William, Margrave of Massa. His paternal relatives were a branch of the Obertenghi who ruled Massa Lunense from the 11th century. Constantine II's eldest daughter married", "id": "6352696" }, { "contents": "Peire de Valeira\n\n\n.\" Peire's entire \"vida\", found in MSS \"I\" and \"K\", however, is probably unreliable, since it appears to confuse him with another Gascon troubadour, Arnaut de Tintinhac. Peire is often placed in a hypothetical \"school\" of poetry which includes Bernart de Ventadorn, Cercamon, Jaufre Rudel, Marcabru, Marcoat, and Peire Rogier among others. Further, the references in his \"vida\" to songs of the time concerning leaves, flowers, songs, and birds may be evidence", "id": "18999209" }, { "contents": "Bertran de Gourdon\n\n\n. Bertran surrendered promptly to the Crusaders under Simon de Montfort in May 1218 and did homage to Simon for his lands. Bertran wrote a comic \"tenso\", that is poetical debate, with Peire Raimon de Tolosa, now known by the incipit \"Totz tos afars es nienz\". It was dated to before 1211 by Joseph Anglade on the basis that Bertran was probably not at odds with his fellow southern barons yet if he was, as Anglade, suspects, playing host and patron to Peire Raimon, who had just", "id": "17663226" }, { "contents": "Peire de la Mula\n\n\npoet named only \"Mola\" who exchanged some verses with Guilhem Raimon. He may be the same individual as Peire de la Mula, but he has also been identified with the \"joglars\" Tremoleta. One of Peire's surviving couplets, \"Ia de razon no.m cal metr'en pantais\", can be dated to before 1185 on the basis of a reference to \"Androin\"(\"e\"), that is, Andronicus I Comnenus, who died that year. It was a screed against the young and rich. Peire's other couplet", "id": "13683550" }, { "contents": "Peire Raimon de Tolosa\n\n\n, and a certain \"Count Raymond\", which could refer to either Raymond V of Toulouse or, more probably, Raymond VI. He also spent time in Italy (Lombardy and Piedmont), at the courts of Thomas I of Savoy, Guglielmo Malaspina, and Azzo VI of Este. Azzo's daughter Beatriz was the addressee of one of Peire's poems. Eventually Peire settled down with a wife in Pamiers and there he died. Peire was reputed as a singer and composer of \"cansos\". His work is", "id": "19379364" }, { "contents": "Peire Vidal\n\n\n\" is probably reliable. It says that he \"was from Toulouse, the son of a furrier\": \"si fo de Tolosa, fils d'un pelissier\". The fur and leather industry was well established in Toulouse, near the church of Saint Pierre des Cuisines, in the twelfth century. Peire started his career, along with the troubadour Bernart Durfort, at the court of Count Raymond V of Toulouse around 1176. He continued there until 1190, when he left to seek another patron after quarrelling with the count.", "id": "7150830" }, { "contents": "Guilhem Peire Cazals de Caortz\n\n\nGuilhem Peire Cazals de Caortz or Guilhem Peire de Cazals was a troubadour of the first half of the thirteenth century. He was born or lived in Cahors, Quercy, from which his name \"de Caortz\". Eleven of his works, including one \"tenso\", survive. The only sure way to date Guilhem Peire's life and work is by his \"tenso\" with Bernart de la Barta, who was alive in 1229, and by a \"sirventes\" of Guilhem Figueira, \"Un nou sirventes ai en", "id": "12553937" }, { "contents": "Peire Vidal\n\n\nof Castile at Toledo in 1195 and intermittently thereafter until 1201. He also stayed for a time at the court of King Alfonso IX of León, where the Galician–Portuguese lyric was favoured over the Occitan. Among Peire's many lesser patrons were Lord William VIII of Montpellier and his wife, the Byzantine princess Eudokia Komnene. (William was both a vassal of Peter II and his father-in-law.) Peire attended the Aragonese court during some of its visits to Narbonne, but although the ruling viscountess of that", "id": "7150832" }, { "contents": "Peire de la Mula\n\n\nPeire (or Pietro) de la Mula (\"fl. c.\" 1200) was an Italian troubadour. Of his writings a pair of couplets and one \"sirventes\" are all that survive. According to his \"vida\", he was a \"joglars\" and \"trobaire\" (troubadour) who stayed for a long time in Montferrat, Cortemilia, and the Piedmont at the court of Ottone del Carretto (fl. 1190–1233). This places Peire's activity before 1209, when Ottone lost Cortemilia. It has", "id": "13683548" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nsupposition, based on where the biographer and compiler Miquel de la Tor was active. Three of Peire's songs have surviving melodies, but two (for a \"canso\" and a \"sirventes\") were composed by others: Guiraut de Bornelh and Raimon Jordan respectively. Like many of his contemporary troubadours, Peire merely composed \"contrafacta\". The third, for \"Un sirventesc novel vuelh comensar\", may be Peire's own work. It is similar to the borrowed melody of Guiraut de Bornelh, mostly syllabic with", "id": "4006805" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\nas the \"Petrus d'Alvengue\" and \"Petrus de Alvernia\" who appear in surviving documents from Montpellier dated to the year 1148. Peire appears to have cultivated the favour of the ruling family of the Crown of Aragon, and his poems contain allusions to the counts of Barcelona and Provence. Perhaps he was following the fashion of the lords of Montpellier of his time, who, though vassals of the Count of Toulouse, were partial to the Aragonese. At the same time Peire did garner the support of Raymond V of Toulouse", "id": "6558330" }, { "contents": "Peire de Maensac\n\n\nPeire de Maensac was an Auvergnat knight and troubadour. He was from Maensac (either Mauzat, Manzat or Mainsat) in the lands of Dalfi d'Alvernha. He came from the petty nobility. His brother Austor or Austors was also a troubadour, but none of his works survives. According to Peire's \"vida\" the brothers agreed that one of them would \"have the castle\" (i.e. inherit) and the other would be the \"inventor\" (i.e. troubadour). Peire became the troubadour. He wrote poems dedicated", "id": "6679234" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nworldly deeds might be seen as \"piggish\".) Peire subsequently travelled widely, visiting the courts of Auvergne, Les Baux, Foix, Rodez, and Vienne. He may have even ventured into Spain and met Alfonso X of Castile, and James I of Aragon, although he never mentions the latter by name in his poems. (James is however of course mentioned in Peire's \"vida\".) During his travels Peire was accompanied by a suite of jongleurs, some of whom receive mention by name in his", "id": "4006798" }, { "contents": "Peire Raimon de Tolosa\n\n\ncharacterised by themes of nature. His style was hermetic. He imitated the troubadours Cadenet and Arnaut Daniel and was in turn imitated by Bertran de Born, especially as regards his use of natural imagery. Bertran went so far as to copy almost a whole stanza from Peire's \"No.m puesc sofrir d'una leu chanso faire.\" In \"Us noels pessamens\", Peire even anticipates the Tuscan poet Dante Alighieri. Peire is complaining about a mistress who first beckoned him and then broke her promise to him when he says: Peire", "id": "19379365" }, { "contents": "Aimeric de Belenoi\n\n\nwhere he probably had contact with Aimeric de Pegulhan, Albertet de Sestaro, Guillem Augier Novella and Peirol. He may also have made the acquaintance of Peire Cardenal. Aimeric went to Castile before making his final trip to Catalonia. His last datable work was \"Nulhs hom en res no falh\", a \"planh\" for Nuño Sánchez, who died in 1242. This \"planh\" was addressed to the \"comtessa Beatris\", wife of Raymond Berengar IV of Provence, and \"senher N'Imo\", her brother Aimone", "id": "15990226" }, { "contents": "Peire Bremon Ricas Novas\n\n\nproensal\", with its reference to \"us Provençals\". Peire's first datable work is a \"tenso\" written at the court of Raymond Berengar IV of Provence in 1230 with Gui de Cavalhon. At the court of Provence Peire also met Bertran d'Alamanon and Sordello, whose \"planh\" for Blacatz he imitated. Peire left the court of Raymond Berengar sometime in or after 1237 and went to that of Barral of Baux and thence to that of Raymond VII of Toulouse. Though there is no record of his having visited", "id": "12717295" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nsecond stanza Peire mentions Peter's success in the Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa; in the third he alludes to the sacking of Béziers (whose count Raymond Roger Trencavel was supposed to have been Peter's vassal): at Béziers the poorer soldiers of the Inquisition were flogged by the wealthier, and this is the theme of the stanza. Peire's mention of the court of Constantine may also again evoke the divorce proceedings of Peter and Marie where Peire ultimately lost. Peire later alludes to the death of someone (perhaps a", "id": "4006796" }, { "contents": "Elias de Barjols\n\n\naffability\" of Giraut IV Trencaleon d'Armagnac, the \"generosity\" of Randon (a lord of this name died before 1219, when he is mentioned in the testament of his son-in-law; he was the nephew of the troubadour Garin lo Brun), the \"good responses\" of Dalfi d'Alvernha, the \"wits\" of \"Peir cui es Monleos\" (maybe the troubadour Peire de Gavaret), the \"chivalry\" of Brian, the \"wisdom\" of Bertran, the \"courtesy\" of a", "id": "20595774" }, { "contents": "Peire Guilhem de Luserna\n\n\nPeire Guilhem de Luserna () was a Piedmontese troubadour. Peire's identity as an Italian has been up for debate since the 19th century. \"Luserna\" more probably refers to Luserna in the Piedmont, rich and populous in Peire’s time, a town on the left bank of the Pellice lying on the road into the Viennois and Dauphiné, Occitan-speaking territories. On the other hand, it may be Lusarne (\"Luserna\" in Italian) in the Leberon valley in Provence, on the road between Reillane in", "id": "10437582" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nPeire del Puei, li trobador\" with Aimeric de Pegulhan. At Raymond's court also perhaps, probably in 1213, Peire composed a \"sirventes\", \"Las amairitz, qui encolpar las vol\", which may have encouraged Peter II of Aragon to help Toulouse in the Battle of Muret, where Peter died. In this \"sirventes\" Peire alludes first perhaps to the accusations of adultery that Peter had leveled against Peter's wife Maria of Montpellier but also perhaps to the various changes in law governing women. In the", "id": "4006795" }, { "contents": "Peire Lunel de Montech\n\n\nPeire Lunel de Montech (fl. 1326–1384), also known as Cavalier Lunel or Peire de Lunel, was a lawyer, politician and author of Toulouse. His name indicates he was a knight (\"cavalier\" in Occitan) from Montech. In his youth he was a troubadour. A \"canso\", a Crusading song, a \"sirventes\", an \"ensenhamen\" and some moralising \"coblas esparsas\" survive of his work. The Crusading song is dated to around 1326. It is a critique of King", "id": "11493706" }, { "contents": "Ermengarde, Viscountess of Narbonne\n\n\nthe langue d'oïl in the north. She corresponded with many troubadours, including Peire Rogier, Giraut de Bornelh, Peire d'Alvergne, Pons d'Ortafa, and Salh d'Escola, as well as the trobairitz Azalais de Porcairagues. In addition it is believed that she welcomed to her court Rognvald II of Orkney, a Viking prince that became a saint, and poet, who composed skaldic poetry for her. Without issue after two unhappy marriages, Ermengarde designated as heir Pedro Manrique de Lara -the second but eldest surviving son of her half-sister", "id": "17254566" }, { "contents": "Peire de Corbiac\n\n\nPeire de Corbiac or Corbian was a Gascon cleric and troubadour of the thirteenth century. His most famous works are a religious piece, the \"Prière à la Vierge\" (prayer to the Virgin), and his \"treasures\", \"Lo tezaurs\" (c. 1225). Peire was born at Corbiac near Bordeaux to a poor family. He was educated at Orléans in the Scholastic tradition. His nephew was the troubadour Aimeric de Belenoi, whose \"vida\" refers to him as \"maestre\" (master, teacher", "id": "15078720" }, { "contents": "Peire de la Caravana\n\n\nGermany]br In saying: \"Brother, watz!\"br The sound of which as much resemblesbr Dogs barking. The German word \"watz\" is said to be an interjection resembling the clinking of glasses and proposes a toast. Peire also had ties to Sardinia. He dedicated his \"D'un serventes faire\" to a \"senhal Malgrat de toz\", which has been identified as Barisone II of Arborea, who was crowned King of Sardinia at Pavia by the Emperor Frederick I in return for 4,000 silver marks from Genoa, but was later deposed", "id": "20349652" }, { "contents": "Pere de Montsó\n\n\n. If Pattison's reconstruction of events surrounding Peire d'Alvernhe's satire is correct, however, Pere de Montsó was attached to the Spanish entourage (possibly as a jongleur) of Eleanor, daughter of Henry II of England and fiancée of Alfonso VIII of Castile, who was travelling through Gascony on her way to Spain when she and her entourage were entertained by Peire's satire. Pattison suggest on the basis of this stanza that the troupe had also travelled through the lands of Toulouse and met in the presence of the Count, whose", "id": "11269399" }, { "contents": "Occitan literature\n\n\nof Ventadour's father was a servant, Peire Vidal's a maker of furred garments, Perdigon's a fisher. Others belonged to the bourgeoisie, Peire d'Alvernha, for example, Peire Raimon of Toulouse, and Elias Fonsalada. Likewise we see merchants' sons as troubadours; this was the case with Folquet of Marseille and Aimeric de Peguilhan. A great many were clerics, or at least studied for the Church, for instance, Arnaut de Mareuil, Uc de Saint Circ, Aimeric de Belenoi, Hugh Brunet, Peire Cardenal", "id": "11312613" }, { "contents": "Pere de Montsó\n\n\nPere de Montsó (fl. 1173), also Peire de Monzo(n), was an Aragonese troubadour, though none of his compositions survive. He was probably from Monzón near the border with Catalonia, but he may have hailed from Monzón de Campos in Castile, as Ramón Menéndez Pidal believed. He is the subject of the eighth stanza of a famous satire of twelve troubadours by Peire d'Alvernhe. This stanza has different readings: The verse is very unclear. The first reading suggests that Raymond V of Toulouse had heard Pere sing", "id": "11269398" }, { "contents": "Peire de Barjac\n\n\nPeire de Barjac was a Languedocian troubadour who flourished in the first half of the thirteenth century. He was a descendant of the troubadours Guillem de Randon and Garin lo Brun. Only one of poem that was certainly written by Peire survives: \"Tot francamen, domna, veing denan vos\". The rubric above the poem in the manuscript labels it a \"conjat\" and scholars have classified it as a \"mala canso\", or bad \"canso\". It is a song about leaving his lover. Many other songs", "id": "8049259" }, { "contents": "Pierre Roger de Cabaret\n\n\nPierre Roger de Cabaret (French) or Pèire Rogièr de Cabaret (Occitan) (fl. 13th century) was a military leader of the Occitan forces in the Albigensian Crusade. He inherited three hilltop castles near modern-day Lastours from his father. He was a patron of the troubadours, including Peire Vidal. He was a vassal of viscount Raymond Roger Trencavel, and was present with him during the siege of the castrum of Carcassonne in early stages of the Albigensian Crusade in 1209. Allegedly, Pierre-Roger advised Trencavel", "id": "11128862" }, { "contents": "Peire Raimon de Tolosa\n\n\nPeire Raimon de Tolosa (or Toloza; fl. 1180–1220) was a troubadour from the merchant class of Toulouse. He is variously referred to as \"lo Viellz\" (\"the Old\") and \"lo Gros\" (\"the Fat\"), though these are thought by some to refer to two different persons. On the other hand, \"lo Viellz\" could refer to his being of an early generation of troubadours. Eighteen of Peire Ramon's poems survive, one \"canso\" with a melody.", "id": "19379362" }, { "contents": "Peire Vidal\n\n\ncity, Ermengarde, was a notable patron of troubadours (like Azalais de Porcairagues) there is no indication that she patronised Peire or that he wrote songs for her. Peire was also associated with Raimon Jaufre Barral, viscount of Marseille and brother-in-law of Vierna. Barral's son-in-law, Hugh of Baux, was also a patron of Peire Vidal. The troubadour Blacatz, a relative of Hugh's and of modest wealth, was a patron. Peire Vidal is referenced in Ezra Pound's poem", "id": "7150833" }, { "contents": "Peire Guilhem de Luserna\n\n\nthe Basses-Alpes and Bastide-des-Jourdans. Peire was probably at the court of the Este beginning in 1221, during the reign of Azzo VII, husband of Giovanna, the object of one of Peire's songs. Sometime before arriving at Ferrara, Peire was probably at the court of Manfred III of Saluzzo. In 1220 Aimeric de Peguilhan, then at the Malaspina court, mentioned him in a poem—\"Ni un autre tirador / qu’eu no vuoill dir de Luserna\"—as being among a quintet of Occitan poets at Saluzzo: Peire", "id": "10437583" }, { "contents": "Gonzalo Ruiz\n\n\nthe 1170s. If Gonzalo Ruiz is de Azagra, it should be noted that his brother's daughter, Tota Pérez, was married to Diego López de Haro—with whom the lord of La Bureba had a connexion—who was a great patron of troubadours. Rigaut de Barbezill, Peire Vidal, and Aimeric de Pegulhan all spent time at his court, as did Rodrigo Díaz de los Cameros, his son-in-law, one of the earliest Galician-Portuguese troubadours. Riquer attaches the Castilian embassy in France circa", "id": "12361311" }, { "contents": "Peire de la Caravana\n\n\nPeire de la Caravana (also Cavarana, Gavarana, or Cà Varana, perhaps meaning \"near Verona\") was an Italian troubadour (\"trovatore\") in Lombardy in the late 12th and early 13th centuries. He was one of the earliest Occitan troubadours in Italy. He is famous for his \"sirventes\". Among his preserved works are the \"sirventes\" \"D'un serventes faire\" and \"La Paz de Costanza\". Peire wrote the first encouraging the communes of northern Italy to resist German overlorship, which has", "id": "20349649" }, { "contents": "Peire Rogier\n\n\nlong time. From Raimbaut's court he moved on to sojourn at that of Alfonso VIII of Castile, then that of Alfonso II of Aragon, and finally that of Raymond V of Toulouse, where he arrived circa 1170. According to his \"vida\", he became much esteemed as a troubadour through his travels, but there is no evidence otherwise for any movements in Spain, except perhaps the assembly of troubadours at the court of Aragon mentioned in a work of Peire d'Alvernhe (which need not have taken place).", "id": "1085906" }, { "contents": "Peire de Bussignac\n\n\nPeire de Bussignac, Bossinhac, or Bocinhac (fl. c. 1160) was a nobleman, cleric, and troubadour from the Périgord. He was probably from Bussignac in Hautefort, but possibly Boussignac in Tulle. He was, according to his \"vida\", \"from the castle of Bertran de Born\". Though his \"vida\" speaks of \"good \"sirventes\"\" to reproach ladies for bad behaviour and \"sirventes\" attacking Bertran, only one \"sirventes\" by Peire survives: \"Quan lo dous temps", "id": "6679237" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\nCastile sojourned at Puivert. If the above date is not accepted, it can be probably dated later than 1165—since Giraut de Borneill was only active from c.1170—and certainly before 1173, when Raimbaut d'Aurenga died. The Monge de Montaudon later composed a parody of Peire's satire, \"Pos Peire d'Alvernhl a chantat\". \"Chantarai d'aquest trobadors\" is near universally regarded today as playful parody and not as a work of serious literary or artistic criticism. The obscurity of most of the ridiculed poets and the attack upon such personal characteristics as", "id": "6558337" }, { "contents": "Arnaut de Tintinhac\n\n\nattitude towards encouraging courtly love he also resembles the early troubadours. Like other early Gascon troubadours, such as Peire de Valeira, he employed nature metaphors, as at the beginning of this song: The \"vida\" of Peire de Valeira seems to confuse its intended subject with Arnaut (at least at some points). It goes like this: Peire de Valeira was from Gascony, from the land of Lord Arnaut Guillem de Marsan. He was a minstrel at the very same time in which Marcabru lived, and he composed", "id": "12717977" }, { "contents": "Peire de Valeira\n\n\nPeire de Valeira, Valeria, or Valera (fl. early–mid twelfth century) was a Gascon troubadour. Since troubadour poetry probably originated in northwest Aquitaine (Poitou and Saintonge) and first spread—within a generation—south into Gascony, Peire was one of the earliest troubadours. Only two of his poems survive, one \"canso\" (\"Vezer volgra n'Ezelgarda\") and one \"cobla\" (\"Qui qu'Amors don son voler\"). His birthplace was Valera, near Podensac and Saint-Macaire in", "id": "18999206" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Ussel\n\n\nPeire d'Ussel or d'Uisel (\"Pèire d'Ussèl\" in modern Occitan; fl. c. 1200) was a Limousin troubadour, the middle of three brothers, castellans of the castle of Ussel-sur-Sarzonne, northeast of Ventadorn. His elder brother was Eble and his younger Gui, and he also had a cousin named Elias; all four were troubadours. According to Gui's \"vida\", Peire descanted his relatives’ songs. This should not be understood to imply that Peire was only a musician. One \"cobla", "id": "14026658" }, { "contents": "Peyre de Rius\n\n\nPeyre de Rius (\"fl.\"1344–86) was an Occitan troubadour from Foix. He wrote under the patronage of Gaston Phoebus, Count of Foix, and Peter the Ceremonious, King of Aragon. He is one of the few troubadours known by name who lived for a time at Peter's court in Barcelona. His name in standardised Occitan is \"Peire\" or \"Pèire\", in Catalan it is \"Pere\", and in modern French \"Pierre\". An obscure reference to a Pere Riu among some \"", "id": "16102630" }, { "contents": "Matfre Ermengau\n\n\n) of the work, \"Perilhos tractatz d'amor de donas, seguon qu'en han tractat li antic trobador en lurs cansos\", structured as a dialogue between the defenders Love and her critics, is filled with citations (266 by some counts) of other troubadours and even some trouvères; Matfre cited himself six (Jeanroy) or nine (Paden) times and cited his brother Peire twice. He was careful to cite poets from different eras, but his favourites appear to be Aimeric de Peguilhan, Bernart de Ventadorn, and Peire", "id": "4121404" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nhim to vernacular lyric poetry and he abandoned his career in the church for \"the vanity of this world\", according to his \"vida\". Peire began his career at the court of Raymond VI of Toulouse—from whom he sought patronage—and a document of 1204 refers to a \"Petrus Cardinalis\" as a scribe of Raymond's chancery. At Raymond's court, however, he appears to have been known as Peire del Puoi or Puei (). Around 1238 he wrote a \"partimen\" beginning \"", "id": "4006794" }, { "contents": "Peire de la Mula\n\n\n, \"Una leig vei d'escuoill\", was also an attack on minstrels (\"joglars\"), who, at his time, were bringing their \"insolence\" from across the Alps into the presence of the \"pros\" (powerful) of Italy. Peire refers in this work to both Breton (\"Bretz\") and Norman (\"Normans\") minstrels. Peire's only full-length work to survive, \"Dels joglars servir mi laisse\", is a \"sirventes joglaresc\", a \"sirventes", "id": "13683551" }, { "contents": "Sancha of Castile, Queen of Aragon\n\n\nSancha of Castile (21 September 1154/5 – 9 November 1208) was the only surviving child of King Alfonso VII of Castile by his second wife, Richeza of Poland. On January 18, 1174, she married King Alfonso II of Aragon at Zaragoza; they had at least eight children who survived into adulthood. A patroness of troubadours such as Giraud de Calanson and Peire Raymond, the queen became involved in a legal dispute with her husband concerning properties which formed part of her dower estates. In 1177 she entered the county of", "id": "21291157" }, { "contents": "Ottone del Carretto\n\n\nin 1217. He predeceased his father in 1228. His second son, Enrico (Henry), married Beatrice, daughter of Boniface I of Montferrat. A third son, Manfredo (Manfred), is only attested in one document of 1242 in the \"Codex Astensis\". Ottone was a patron of several troubadours, composers of Old Occitan lyric poetry. He is prominent in the \"vida\" (short vernacular biography) of Peire de la Mula. In one manuscript his name is given as \"miser N'Ot del Carret", "id": "18951554" }, { "contents": "Peire de Barjac\n\n\nare attributed to multiple troubadours in the manuscripts. Some attributed to Peire are also attributed to Peire de Bussignac, Berenguier de Palazol, Elias de Barjols, Guillem de la Tor, Pons de Capdoill and Uc de Saint Circ; yet few of these other attributions are reliable. One song attributed to Peire in one manuscript is unattributed in another. Stronski argues that the attribution to Elias de Barjols was an emendation by the scribe confronted with the unfamiliar name Peire de Barjac. Napolski considered the attribution to Pons de Capdoill dubious. Alfred", "id": "8049260" }, { "contents": "Uc de Lescura\n\n\nUc de Lescura or de l'Escura (fl. 1190–1204) was a minor troubadour. The \"Lescura\" of his birth is unknown. There is a Lescurre in Ariège, Aveyron, and Tarn. Based on references in his work, historian Alfred Adler placed him at the court of Alfonso VIII of Castile (whom he calls \"emperor\") and in Catalonia. Uc's only existing work is a \"sirventes\", \"De mots ricos no tem Peire Vidal\", that begins with a \"gab\" proclaiming his", "id": "7146555" }, { "contents": "Peire de Montagut\n\n\nPeire de Montagut (? – 28 January 1232) was Grand Master of the Knights Templar from 1218 to 1232. He took part in the Fifth Crusade and was against the Sultan of Egypt's conditions for raising the siege of Damietta. He was previously Master of the Crown of Aragon. A close friend of Guillaume de Chartres, it was most likely the trust the previous Grand Master had in him which meant he himself was elected so quickly in 1218. At the same time, the Grand Master of the Knights Hospitaller was", "id": "11505219" }, { "contents": "Alfonso II of Aragon\n\n\ntaking a lover who is richer than herself. The debate had been begun by Guilhem de Saint-Leidier and was taken up by Azalais de Porcairagues and Raimbaut of Orange; there was also a \"partimen\" on the topic between Dalfi d'Alvernha and Perdigon. Alfonso and his love affairs are mentioned in poems by many troubadours, including Guillem de Berguedà (who criticized his dealings with Azalais of Toulouse) and Peire Vidal, who commended Alfonso's decision to marry Sancha rather than Eudokia Komnene that he had preferred a poor Castilian maid", "id": "20647088" }, { "contents": "Peire de Ladils\n\n\nPeire de Ladils de Bazas (; fl. 1325–1355) was a Gascon troubadour associated with the Consistori del Gay Saber in Toulouse. He was from Bazas in the Gironde and he served as advocate for the Cathédrale Saint-Jean-Baptiste. His surviving work comprises four \"cansos\", three \"dansas\", and two \"partimens\". In 1340 he composed a political \"partimen\" with Raimon de Cornet. He, and presumably Raimon also, was apparently well-read in the romantic literature of his time. His", "id": "11791403" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\nspirited courtly love\") he is the only troubadour to ever use the term \"courtly love\". Marcabrunian influence can be seen here too. In a later Crusade song, Peire defended Marcabru's abandonment of the \"carnal amar\". He advocates \"gran sabers ni purs\" (\"great and pure wisdom\") through \"bon'amor\" (\"good love\"). Along with Bernart Marti, Bernart de Venzac, and Gavaudan, Peire was part of a \"Marcabrunian school\". Nonetheless, as mentioned above", "id": "6558333" }, { "contents": "Guilhem Peire Cazals de Caortz\n\n\ncor que trameta\", composed in 1240, which mirrors \"D'una leu chanso ai cor que m'entremeta\", a \"canso\" by Guilhem Peire, in metre and rhyme and therefore gives a \"terminus ante quem\" for the \"tenso\"'s composition. Nine of Guilhem Peire's poems are dedicated to a certain friend and jongleur known only by the affectionate \"senhal\" \"Ardit\". Generally he wrote in the trobar ric genre, and in his \"leu chanso\" (\"canso\" in the trobar leu", "id": "12553938" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\n. The author of his \"vida\", editorialising, considers his poems to have been the greatest until Giraut de Borneill and his melodies to have been the best ever. The anonymous biographer records that his information about Peire's later years comes from Dalfi d'Alvernha. It has been suggested that Dalfi was the author of the \"vida\". According to an accusation of fellow troubadour Bernart Marti, Peire entered upon a religious life early, but quit Holy Orders for a life of itinerant minstrelsy. He may be the same person", "id": "6558329" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nan opponent of Christianity or even the Crusades. In \"Totz lo mons es vestitiz et abrazatz\" he urged Philip III of France, who had recently succeeded his father, Louis IX, who died in 1270 on the failed Eighth Crusade, to go to the aid of Edward Longshanks, then on the Ninth Crusade in Syria. Near the end of the \"sirventes\", \"Ab votz d'angel, lengu' esperta, non bleza\", composed as noted probably around 1229, Peire's words, \"[s]'ieu fos", "id": "4006802" }, { "contents": "Albert Malaspina\n\n\nAlbert Malaspina (1160/1165–1206/1212), called Alberto Moro (\"the Moor\") and \"lo marches putanier\" (\"the whoring marquess\"), was a member of the illustrious Malaspina family. He was a noted troubadour and patron of troubadours. Albert disputes with Peire de la Caravana the position of earliest native Italian troubadour. He was a son of Obizzo I the Great and husband of a daughter of William V of Montferrat. His brother-in-law Boniface I of Montferrat and his nephews Corrado (Conrad)", "id": "17471547" }, { "contents": "Peire de Corbiac\n\n\n) and Peire elsewhere calls himself \"maistre\". Certainly Peire's \"Tezaur\" is didactic in nature: his purpose in writing was to convince the wise that though he was poor in material terms he was richer still. Composed in 840 alexandrines, the \"Tezaur\" is an encyclopaedic compilation of all that the troubadour knew. The work displays a great breadth of knowledge. He expends 547 lines narrating the chief events of the Old and New Testaments, then discusses the seven liberal arts, medicine, surgery, necromancy,", "id": "15078721" }, { "contents": "Peire de Valeira\n\n\nfor an early troubadour genre which did not survive. It may also be that the distinctiveness of Peire's genre was regional, a Gascon style. The later Gascon troubadour Guiraut de Calanso wrote verses that were \"d'aquella saison\" (\"of that time\") and disliked in Provence, perhaps pointing to a Gascon tradition (or \"literary fad\") which was not popular outside of \"Gascoigna\" (Gascony). The \"paubra valor\" (\"poor value\") of Peire's songs may be a reflection", "id": "18999210" }, { "contents": "Henry II of Rodez\n\n\nHenry II (Occitan: \"Enric II de Rodés\") (c. 1236–1304), of the House of Millau, was the Count of Rodez and Viscount of Carlat from 1274 until his death. He was the son of Hugh IV of Rodez and Isabeau de Roquefeuil. Henry II was a troubadour and patron of troubadours. He composed six poems that survive: four \"tensos\" and two \"partimens\" (alternatively five \"torneyamens\"). His short \"vida\" records an exchange of couplets between \"lo coms", "id": "16712769" }, { "contents": "Peire Bremon lo Tort\n\n\nPeire Bremon lo Tort (or Bremonz lo Tortz) (\"fl.\" 1177) was a troubadour from the Viennois. Though only two of his pieces (both love songs) survive, his poetry is characterised by Francoprovençalisms. According to his short \"vida\", he was \"honoured by all the notable men.\" Peire Bremon has been identified with the Petrus Bermudi and Peire Bremont found in documents of 1160 pertaining to the Dauphiné. He is possibly the same person as the Peire Bremon related to the Counts of", "id": "16694577" }, { "contents": "Bernart Marti\n\n\nBernart Marti was a troubadour, composing poems and satires in Occitan, in the mid twelfth century. They show that he was influenced by his contemporaries Marcabru and knew Peire d'Alvernha, whom, in one poem, he accused of abandoning holy orders. Along with Peire, Gavaudan, and Bernart de Venzac he is sometimes placed in a hypothetical Marcabrunian school. His work is \"enigmatic, ironic, and satiric\", but has no following among later troubadours, according to Gaunt and Kay. Nine or ten of Marti's poems", "id": "14690002" }, { "contents": "Occitan literature\n\n\nthe part he is said to have played both by his sword and his sirveniescs in the struggle between Henry II of England and his rebel sons, though the importance of his part in the events of the time seems to have been greatly exaggerated; Peire Vidal of Toulouse, a poet of varied inspiration who grew rich with gifts bestowed on him by the greatest nobles of his time; Guiraut de Borneil, \"lo macsire dels trobadors\", and at any rate master in the art of the so-called close style (", "id": "11312610" }, { "contents": "Peire de Maensac\n\n\nto the (unnamed) wife of Bernart de Tierci. According to his \"vida\" he sang so much to her that she eventually allowed herself to be \"abducted\" by him. He fled with her to the castle of Dalf d'Alvernha, but her husband waged a \"great war\" to bring her back. Dalfi reputedly defended the castle so well that Bernart was unable to ever reclaim her. Peire was called a \"pleasant companion\" by his biographer. He wrote mostly \"cansos\" of courtly love with \"", "id": "6679235" }, { "contents": "Aimerico Manrique de Lara\n\n\ndefend the rights of the viscounts of Narbonne, recognising the rights of Aimeric at the same time. In early 1176, Ermengarda to retired to the monastery of Fontfroide, leaving the reins of government in Narbonne in Aimeric's hands. Aimeric died on 14 October 1177. Raymond V recovered his rights in Narbonne and his ducal title. Peire Rogier, a troubadour who frequented Ermengarda's court, addressed a poem to the viscountess and Aimeric. It is one of Peire's few datable works, coming between the years of Aimeric's", "id": "7254812" }, { "contents": "Guilhem d'Anduza\n\n\nGuilhem d'Anduza (fl. 1244–81) was a minor troubadour active in the middle of the thirteenth century. He belonged to the family of the lords of Anduze, who were patrons of several other troubadours. He was the eldest son of Peire Bremon VII, the last lord of Anduze and Sauve, and Josserande de Poitiers. Most of his father's lands were confiscated for rebellion in 1244. Guilhem acquired the barony of Olargues through marriage and inherited Hierle on his father's death in 1254. His petition to recover Anduze and", "id": "15667365" }, { "contents": "Guillem de Ribes\n\n\nof Miralpeix (now part of Sitges), held by one of his vassals, when it came under siege by two rivals, Berenguer de Castellet and Eymerich de Espiells. The castle was taken in an assault and partially destroyed. In a lawsuit brought against Guillem in the early 1200s, it was alleged that he had deliberately impeded the defence of the castle to his own benefit. He was succeeded by his nephew, Ponç II. The troubadour Peire d'Alvernhe composed a song satirizing twelve contemporary troubadours. It was probably first performed", "id": "10989340" }, { "contents": "Peire Guillem de Tolosa\n\n\nPeire Guillem (or Guilhem) de Tolosa was a 13th-century troubadour from Toulouse. Only one \"sirventes\" he wrote (\"En Sordel, que us es semblan\"), a \"tenso\" with the contemporary Italian poet Sordello, survives. According to his \"vida\" he was a courtly man who loved high society. The author of the \"vida\" also expresses admiration for his couplets but bewails the excessive number he composed, though so few of his works survive to this day. He was also", "id": "15990053" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\ncan detect the moralising influence of Marcabru, with whom in whose old age he was possibly acquainted. One of Marcabru's late songs is a satire of an early one by Peire d'Alvernhe. Marcabru's complexity was also imparted to Peire. On the topic of courtly love, Peire, who had abandoned the religious life early, came to abandon the claims of \"fin'amor\" (\"fine love\") later. When Peire espouses love of the Holy Ghost over \"cortez' amors de bon aire\" (\"well-", "id": "6558332" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\nthem and beg their mercy.\" By far, however, Peire's most famous work is \"Chantarai d'aquest trobadors\", a \"sirventes\" written at Puivert (\"Puoich-vert\") in which he ridicules twelve contemporary troubadours (\"a poetical gallery\") and praises himself. It has been conjectured that this piece was first performed in the presence of all twelve of the ridiculed poets in late Summer 1170 while an embassy bringing Eleanor, daughter of Henry II of England, to her Spanish goorm Alfonso VIII of", "id": "6558336" }, { "contents": "Peire de la Caravana\n\n\nbeen dated to as early as 1157. However, Peire incites the Lombard cities by harkening back to the fate of the baronage of Apulia who had resisted the Germans earlier: \"Lombart, beus gardazbr \"Que ja non siazbr \"Pejer que compraz,br \"Si ferm non estaz!br \"De Pulla'us sovegnabr \"Dels valens barosbr \"Qu'il non an que pegnabr \"For de lor maisos;br \"Gardaz non devegnabr \"Autretal de vos! This has led some to date it to 1194, when Henry VI conquered Sicily or as late", "id": "20349650" }, { "contents": "Marcoat\n\n\nMarcoat was a minor Gascon troubadour and joglar who flourished in the mid twelfth century. He is often cited in connexion with Eleanor of Aquitaine and is placed in a hypothetical \"school\" of poetry which includes Bernart de Ventadorn, Marcabru, Cercamon, Jaufre Rudel, Peire Rogier, and Peire de Valeria among others. Of all his works, only two \"sirventes\" survive: \"Mentre m'obri eis huisel\" and \"Una re.us dirai, en Serra\". Marcoat was an innovator building off the work of the contemporary Gascon", "id": "10485658" }, { "contents": "Gonzalo Ruiz\n\n\nmarry Alfonso VIII of Castile, then the identification of Guossalbo Roitz with Gonzalo Ruiz of Bureba becomes probable. Peire has this to say about his eleventh \"victim\" in lines 67 to 72: Peire is making fun of Gonzalo's well-known military career. In fact, Peire may have learned about Gonzalo on a trip he made to Castile in the spring of 1158. If he did not meet Gonzalo at the Castilian court, where Gonzalo undoubtedly was between January and February, then he may have met him at the", "id": "12361307" }, { "contents": "Peire Bremon lo Tort\n\n\nToulouse in a stanza of Peire d'Alvernhe's satire of contemporary troubadours. \"Peire Bremon\" was not a rare name and it was shared by the later troubadour, sometimes erroneously identified with lo Tort (whose nickname means \"the Wrong\"), Peire Bremon Ricas Novas. Peire's earlier poem, \"Mei oill an gran manentia\", was written as the troubadour prepared to depart from Syria, where he had been staying. He left behind a beloved \"domna\" (lady), whom he celebrated in the poem", "id": "16694578" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nabout the nuns may have additional significance. His tone changes after this and his closing lines suggest though that all this is a miracle from the \"saintly fathers\", suggesting his acceptance of things: Cardenal.org says that some have interpreted these lines as suggesting that Peire married at this time. By the end of his life he appears reconciled to the new \"modus vivendi\" in southern France. He died at an advanced age (allegedly one hundred years old) possibly either in Montpellier or Nimes, but this is only a", "id": "4006804" }, { "contents": "Peire Vidal\n\n\nPeire Vidal (born mid-12th century) was an Old Occitan troubadour. Forty-five of his songs are extant. The twelve that still have melodies bear testament to the deserved nature of his musical reputation. There is no contemporary reference to Peire outside of his works of poetry. His \"vida\" (a short Occitan biography)—composed about fifty years after his death—and two \"razos\" (short commentaries on specific poems) are probably fictionalised works built on episodes from his poems. Only the opening line of the \"vida", "id": "7150829" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\ndaughter or perhaps Peire's wife Marie) and then apparently to the couple's son James I of Aragon, born at Candlemas, according to James's Chronicle. It's not clear who the \"crois hom\" or \"dreadful man\" is in the final couplet, whose deeds are \"piggish\": Peire has really never addressed anyone in this verse but Peter II and those close to him. (But dualism had by then made its way into some of the local religious views of Medieval Languedoc: in dualist philosophy", "id": "4006797" }, { "contents": "Guillem de Balaun\n\n\nVierneta when he next returned to see Guilhelma. After a long time he returned, did reconcile Peire and Vierneta, and gave Peire more joy than he had felt even when he first won his lady. In order to test whether or not the joy of recovering a lady was greater than that of winning her, Guillem acted as though he were very angry with her. He ceased to discuss her or hear her discussed, to send her messages, or to visit her region. She sent him pleading messengers and letters of", "id": "21063206" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nmaritz\", \"if I were wed\", suggest that he is not yet wed. The verse which follows provides evidence in the view of some that Peire married: it first mocks the \"barrenness that bears fruit\" of the \"[beguinas\" (beguines, who may have sometimes been associated with the Dominicans; Hill and Bergin in 1973 said this was a reference to nuns of the Dominican Order). Throughout the verse of course Peire had been poking fun at the Dominican clergy, but the comment", "id": "4006803" }, { "contents": "Antide Boyer\n\n\nhis father, a potter. He spent four years at the minor seminary of Marseille, where he lost his faith in Christianity. He met Pierre Mazière at the seminary, who later wrote under the nom-de-plume Peire Simoun. He worked for the Chemins de fer de Paris à Lyon et à la Méditerranée (PLM), then at the La Ciotat shipyards, and then ran a wholesale oil and soap store with his first wife. He was one of the founders of the Bouches-du-Rhone Socialist", "id": "16118352" }, { "contents": "Peire de Valeira\n\n\nthe Gironde. His \"vida\" places his birthplace in the fief of Arnaut Guillem de Marsan, who was himself a troubadour. He was a contemporary of Marcabru and originally a jongleur. His poems were typical for the time, according to Uc de Saint Circ, the probable author of his \"vida\", being about natural objects (like leaves, flowers, and birds), but not of great value to the biographer's time. But Uc saves his harshest critique for the end, as Elizabeth Poe relates:", "id": "18999207" }, { "contents": "Troubadour\n\n\nNicoletto da Torino, Peire Raimon de Tolosa, Peire Rogier, Peire de Valeira, Peirol, Pistoleta, Perdigon, Salh d'Escola, Uc de la Bacalaria, Uc Brunet, and Uc de Saint Circ were jongleur-troubadours. A \"vida\" is a brief prose biography, written in Occitan, of a troubadour. The word \"vida\" means \"life\" in Occitan. In the chansonniers, the manuscript collections of medieval troubadour poetry, the works of a particular author are often accompanied by a short prose biography.", "id": "16794140" }, { "contents": "Peire de la Caravana\n\n\nas 1225, when the city-states of northern Italy renewed the old Lombard League in opposition to Henry's son, Frederick I of Sicily, Holy Roman Emperor. Writing in Lombardy in the Occitan tongue under the nominal sovereignty of the German monarch, Peire took the opportunity to poke fun at the German language, writing in a famously debated passage: \"Granoglas resembla\" [\"la gent d'Alemanha\"]br \"En dir\"(\"e\"): Broder, guaz;br \"Lairan, quant s'asemblabr \"Cum cans enrabjaz\".brbr Frogs resemble [the people of", "id": "20349651" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\n. In his wanderings he may have spent some time at Cortezon, at the court of the minor nobleman and troubadour Raimbaut d'Aurenga. Peire lived a long into old age, and performed penance before dying. Peire wrote mostly \"cansos\", which, as his \"vida\" points out, were called \"vers\" in his day. He also invented the \"pious song\" and wrote six such poems dealing with serious themes of religion, piety, and spirituality. Even in his more profane works, however, one", "id": "6558331" }, { "contents": "Raymond Pilet d'Alès\n\n\nRaymond Pilet (Raymond de Narbonnne-Pelet) (1075-1120), the only child of Bernard I Pilet of Narbonne and his wife, whose name is unknown. Seigneur of Alès. Bernard was the son of Raymond II, Viscount of Narbone from 1066 to 1067. The name “pelet” refers to a fur that the nobility wore over their cuirass and coats-of-arms. Raymond distinguished himself as a great warrior during the First Crusade. Many of the chroniclers of the Crusades, including William of Tyre", "id": "10100689" }, { "contents": "Dalfi d'Alvernha\n\n\nGuillemette de Comborn, Countess of Montferrand, daughter of Archambaud, Viscount of Comborn, and Jourdaine of Périgord. Their children were Aélis, Guillaume (William, later Count of Clermont), Blanche, and Alix. Troubadours who worked with Dalfi or sang at his court include Peirol, Perdigon, Peire de Maensac, Gaucelm Faidit, and Uc de Saint Circ; his cousin, bishop Robert of Clermont, exchanged satirical and erotic verses with him, as did Richard Coeur de Lion. One \"partimen\" between Dauphin and Perdigon", "id": "11683786" }, { "contents": "Troubadour\n\n\nwhose style seems to have fallen out of favour, was the \"Gascon school\" of Cercamon, Peire de Valeira, and Guiraut de Calanso. Cercamon was said by his biographer to have composed in the \"old style\" (\"la uzansa antiga\") and Guiraut's songs were \"d'aquella saison\" (\"of that time\"). This style of poetry seems to be attached to early troubadours from Gascony and was characterised by references to nature: leaves, flowers, birds, and their songs. This Gascon", "id": "16794155" }, { "contents": "Aimeric de Belenoi\n\n\nAimeric de Belenoi (fl. 1215–1242) was a Gascon troubadour. At least fifteen of his songs survived. Seven others were attributed to him in some medieval manuscripts. Aimeric was born in the castle of Lesparra in the Bordelais (\"metropolis civitas Burdigalensium\", the modern Gironde). His uncle was another troubadour, Peire de Corbiac. His \"vida\" says he was a cleric and later a jongleur before he took to \"inventing good songs, which were beautiful and charming.\" He apparently was the feudal lord", "id": "15990224" }, { "contents": "Jaufre de Pons\n\n\nis a \"partimen\" with Guiraut Riquier (\"Guiraut Riquier, diatz me,\" composed probably 1270 or 1280–1). Jaufre's part in the debate consists in asking plain youthful questions about love only to receive the bitter and experienced answers of Guiraut in proverbial form. Jaufre was probably the husband of Isabeau, daughter of Henry II of Rodez, a patron of troubadours. In 1292 he rendered homage to the lord of Châteauroux. Some scholars have suspected that there were more than one Jaufre de Pons (one from the", "id": "20235204" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\nthe \"trobar braus\" as a legitimate format for \"rough\" themes. One anonymous song of the Fifth Crusade, \"Lo Senhre que formet lo tro\", written between Spring 1213 and July 1214 has been attributed to Peire d'Alvernhe, but the dating makes that impossible. In a \"tenso\" between a Bernart (probably Bernart de Ventadorn) and an unnamed Peire, perhaps Peire d'Alvernhe, the latter argues that \"it is not becoming for ladies to make love-pleas; it is fitting that men plead with", "id": "6558335" }, { "contents": "Peire Guillem de Tolosa\n\n\nsaid to have composed \"sirventes joglarescs\", or \"sirventes\" in the manner of joglars, in order to criticise \"the barons\" (presumably the high noblesse). He also wrote a work criticising the prolific trouvère Theobald I of Navarre. The troubadour Bertran Carbonel twice mentions another troubadour by the initials P.G., possibly indicating Peire Guilhem. He mourns a certain P.G. in a \"planh\", where the initials probably stand in the manuscript for a full name, since three syllables would be required by the metre.", "id": "15990054" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\nappearance and manners has been cited in support of the view that the parody was done in the presence of all twelve victims, further supporting the conclusion that the parody was good-natured. Besides the criticism of a personal nature, many of the criticism launched by Peire allude to the works of the others, notably those of Bernart de Ventadorn and Raimbaut d'Aurenga. Peire's \"vida\" acclaimed him an accomplished singer and the greatest composer of melodies for verses yet known. Peire's famous \"Chantarai d'aquest trobadors\" contains a", "id": "6558338" }, { "contents": "Peire de Corbiac\n\n\ncentury before its appearance in Latin as \"contrapunctus\", today's counterpoint. The \"Tezaur\" had a lasting influence in the Late Middle Ages. The Jew Emanuele da Roma wrote the \"Ninth Meḥabbereth\", a Hebrew poem based on the \"Tesoretto\" of Brunetto Latini, itself based on the \"Tezaur\" of Peire. Peire was a religious man, as the dedicatory first verse of his \"Tezaur\" attests: it contains a dedication to Jesus and Mary and a statement of Trinitarian faith. His prayer to", "id": "15078723" }, { "contents": "Amanieu de Sescars\n\n\nSicily, and 1291, when he inherited Aragon. Amanieu's second didactic work, the \"Ensenhamen de la donsela\" can be dated between 1291 and 1295 by a reference to James as King of Aragon and to the ongoing War of the Sicilian Vespers. It is addressed to an unnamed \"donsela\" (young woman) and is designed to teach her how to behave in courtly society and how to be respected. Amanieu's poetry is definitely influenced by Peire Vidal and also possibly by Arnaut de Maruelh. The later troubadour", "id": "7359304" } ]

[ { "contents": "Peire Pelet\n\n\nPeire Pelet (died 1303) was the \"conseigneur\" of Alès in the Languedoc. He was married to Delfina (Delphine), a sister of Henry II of Rodez. He is the senher d'Alest (the lord of Alès) referred to as a participant in the \"torneyamen\" \"Senhe n'Enric, us reys un ric avar\" along with his brother-in-law Henry and the troubadour Guiraut Riquier. Peire was descended from a Raymond Pelet who took part in the First Crusade. His father was Bernard Pelet", "id": "9562337" }, { "contents": "Peire Pelet\n\n\n, who died in September 1252, leaving his entire heritage to his eldest son, William, under the tutelage of Bernard de Barre, Guillaume de Pontils, and Jean de Bossoles. In 1253 William, with his tutors and his younger brothers, including Peire, received the homage of their father's vassals: Hugues de Melet, Pierre de Spinasson, and many others, in the presence of Pierre Gaucelin, Bérenger de la Fare, Arnaud d'Arsac, and Pierre Gaucelin de Follaquier. On the death of William without heirs Peire", "id": "9562338" }, { "contents": "Peire Pelet\n\n\nsucceeded him. He married Delfina sometime before April 1276, when her brother released a sum of money left her by their father, Henry I: a hundred marks of silver or 5,000 \"sols tournois\". In 1274 James I of Aragon renounced the homage and oath of fealty owed by Peire for his fief since his great-great-grandfather, Bertrand Pelet, Count of Melgueil, had rendered it to James's grandfather, Alfonso II. Peire then began a war with Bérenger de Frédol, Bishop of Maguelonne, over", "id": "9562339" }, { "contents": "Peire Pelet\n\n\nthe county of Melgueil, which at that time was held by the bishop from the Papacy. In 1276 the combatants were brought before the episcopal court of the Archdiocese of Narbonne. Peire lost the case and was ordered to pay 1,000 \"livres\" in compensation. Joseph Angalde placed the aforementioned \"torneyamen\" around 1280–1, before the death of Peire, which he believed occurred in 1282; after the return of Riquier from Castile in 1279; and after the succession of Henry, who he believed was referred to as \"coms", "id": "9562340" }, { "contents": "Peire Raimon de Tolosa\n\n\nPeire Ramon's name (as \"Petrus Raimundus\") appears in two documents of Toulouse, dated to 1182 and 1214. According to his \"vida\", he became a jongleur and travelled to the court of Alfonso II of Aragon, who bestowed great honour on him. The earliest datable work by Peire Ramon is a \"planh\" written on the death of Henry the Young King in 1183. According to his \"vida\" Peire passed \"a long time\" at the courts of Alfonso, William VIII of Montpellier", "id": "19379363" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\npoetry. Among the other troubadours Peire encountered in his travels were Aimeric de Belenoi and Raimon de Miraval. He may have met Daude de Pradas and Guiraut Riquier at Rodez. Peire was influenced by Cadenet, whom he honoured in one of his pieces. He was possibly influenced by Bernart de Venzac. In his early days he was a vehement opponent of the French, the clergy and the Albigensian Crusade. In the \"sirventes\", \"Ab votz d'angel, lengu' esperta, non bleza\", dated by Hill and", "id": "4006799" }, { "contents": "Peire Vidal\n\n\nMany of his early poems were addressed to Vierna de Porcellet, a relative of the count's. In some poems Peire, Vierna and Raymond form a love triangle. From Toulouse Peire went to the court of King Alfonso II of Aragon, where he remained in good favour until the king's death in 1196. He continued to occasionally visit the court of Alfonso's son, Peter II In the rivalry between the rulers of Toulouse and Aragon, Peire took the side of Aragon. He visited the court of King Alfonso VIII", "id": "7150831" }, { "contents": "William I of Cagliari\n\n\nhis death. Allegedly, he was a man of some culture, as he was in reportedly in contact with the Provençal troubadours Peire de la Caravana and Peire Vidal, likely to contract their services on behalf of his wealthy patrons. He was the son of Giorgia, daughter of Constantine II of Cagliari, and Obert, Margrave of Massa. He was a brother of William, Margrave of Massa. His paternal relatives were a branch of the Obertenghi who ruled Massa Lunense from the 11th century. Constantine II's eldest daughter married", "id": "6352696" }, { "contents": "Peire de Valeira\n\n\n.\" Peire's entire \"vida\", found in MSS \"I\" and \"K\", however, is probably unreliable, since it appears to confuse him with another Gascon troubadour, Arnaut de Tintinhac. Peire is often placed in a hypothetical \"school\" of poetry which includes Bernart de Ventadorn, Cercamon, Jaufre Rudel, Marcabru, Marcoat, and Peire Rogier among others. Further, the references in his \"vida\" to songs of the time concerning leaves, flowers, songs, and birds may be evidence", "id": "18999209" }, { "contents": "Bertran de Gourdon\n\n\n. Bertran surrendered promptly to the Crusaders under Simon de Montfort in May 1218 and did homage to Simon for his lands. Bertran wrote a comic \"tenso\", that is poetical debate, with Peire Raimon de Tolosa, now known by the incipit \"Totz tos afars es nienz\". It was dated to before 1211 by Joseph Anglade on the basis that Bertran was probably not at odds with his fellow southern barons yet if he was, as Anglade, suspects, playing host and patron to Peire Raimon, who had just", "id": "17663226" }, { "contents": "Peire de la Mula\n\n\npoet named only \"Mola\" who exchanged some verses with Guilhem Raimon. He may be the same individual as Peire de la Mula, but he has also been identified with the \"joglars\" Tremoleta. One of Peire's surviving couplets, \"Ia de razon no.m cal metr'en pantais\", can be dated to before 1185 on the basis of a reference to \"Androin\"(\"e\"), that is, Andronicus I Comnenus, who died that year. It was a screed against the young and rich. Peire's other couplet", "id": "13683550" }, { "contents": "Peire Raimon de Tolosa\n\n\n, and a certain \"Count Raymond\", which could refer to either Raymond V of Toulouse or, more probably, Raymond VI. He also spent time in Italy (Lombardy and Piedmont), at the courts of Thomas I of Savoy, Guglielmo Malaspina, and Azzo VI of Este. Azzo's daughter Beatriz was the addressee of one of Peire's poems. Eventually Peire settled down with a wife in Pamiers and there he died. Peire was reputed as a singer and composer of \"cansos\". His work is", "id": "19379364" }, { "contents": "Peire Vidal\n\n\n\" is probably reliable. It says that he \"was from Toulouse, the son of a furrier\": \"si fo de Tolosa, fils d'un pelissier\". The fur and leather industry was well established in Toulouse, near the church of Saint Pierre des Cuisines, in the twelfth century. Peire started his career, along with the troubadour Bernart Durfort, at the court of Count Raymond V of Toulouse around 1176. He continued there until 1190, when he left to seek another patron after quarrelling with the count.", "id": "7150830" }, { "contents": "Guilhem Peire Cazals de Caortz\n\n\nGuilhem Peire Cazals de Caortz or Guilhem Peire de Cazals was a troubadour of the first half of the thirteenth century. He was born or lived in Cahors, Quercy, from which his name \"de Caortz\". Eleven of his works, including one \"tenso\", survive. The only sure way to date Guilhem Peire's life and work is by his \"tenso\" with Bernart de la Barta, who was alive in 1229, and by a \"sirventes\" of Guilhem Figueira, \"Un nou sirventes ai en", "id": "12553937" }, { "contents": "Peire Vidal\n\n\nof Castile at Toledo in 1195 and intermittently thereafter until 1201. He also stayed for a time at the court of King Alfonso IX of León, where the Galician–Portuguese lyric was favoured over the Occitan. Among Peire's many lesser patrons were Lord William VIII of Montpellier and his wife, the Byzantine princess Eudokia Komnene. (William was both a vassal of Peter II and his father-in-law.) Peire attended the Aragonese court during some of its visits to Narbonne, but although the ruling viscountess of that", "id": "7150832" }, { "contents": "Peire de la Mula\n\n\nPeire (or Pietro) de la Mula (\"fl. c.\" 1200) was an Italian troubadour. Of his writings a pair of couplets and one \"sirventes\" are all that survive. According to his \"vida\", he was a \"joglars\" and \"trobaire\" (troubadour) who stayed for a long time in Montferrat, Cortemilia, and the Piedmont at the court of Ottone del Carretto (fl. 1190–1233). This places Peire's activity before 1209, when Ottone lost Cortemilia. It has", "id": "13683548" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nsupposition, based on where the biographer and compiler Miquel de la Tor was active. Three of Peire's songs have surviving melodies, but two (for a \"canso\" and a \"sirventes\") were composed by others: Guiraut de Bornelh and Raimon Jordan respectively. Like many of his contemporary troubadours, Peire merely composed \"contrafacta\". The third, for \"Un sirventesc novel vuelh comensar\", may be Peire's own work. It is similar to the borrowed melody of Guiraut de Bornelh, mostly syllabic with", "id": "4006805" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\nas the \"Petrus d'Alvengue\" and \"Petrus de Alvernia\" who appear in surviving documents from Montpellier dated to the year 1148. Peire appears to have cultivated the favour of the ruling family of the Crown of Aragon, and his poems contain allusions to the counts of Barcelona and Provence. Perhaps he was following the fashion of the lords of Montpellier of his time, who, though vassals of the Count of Toulouse, were partial to the Aragonese. At the same time Peire did garner the support of Raymond V of Toulouse", "id": "6558330" }, { "contents": "Peire de Maensac\n\n\nPeire de Maensac was an Auvergnat knight and troubadour. He was from Maensac (either Mauzat, Manzat or Mainsat) in the lands of Dalfi d'Alvernha. He came from the petty nobility. His brother Austor or Austors was also a troubadour, but none of his works survives. According to Peire's \"vida\" the brothers agreed that one of them would \"have the castle\" (i.e. inherit) and the other would be the \"inventor\" (i.e. troubadour). Peire became the troubadour. He wrote poems dedicated", "id": "6679234" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nworldly deeds might be seen as \"piggish\".) Peire subsequently travelled widely, visiting the courts of Auvergne, Les Baux, Foix, Rodez, and Vienne. He may have even ventured into Spain and met Alfonso X of Castile, and James I of Aragon, although he never mentions the latter by name in his poems. (James is however of course mentioned in Peire's \"vida\".) During his travels Peire was accompanied by a suite of jongleurs, some of whom receive mention by name in his", "id": "4006798" }, { "contents": "Peire Raimon de Tolosa\n\n\ncharacterised by themes of nature. His style was hermetic. He imitated the troubadours Cadenet and Arnaut Daniel and was in turn imitated by Bertran de Born, especially as regards his use of natural imagery. Bertran went so far as to copy almost a whole stanza from Peire's \"No.m puesc sofrir d'una leu chanso faire.\" In \"Us noels pessamens\", Peire even anticipates the Tuscan poet Dante Alighieri. Peire is complaining about a mistress who first beckoned him and then broke her promise to him when he says: Peire", "id": "19379365" }, { "contents": "Aimeric de Belenoi\n\n\nwhere he probably had contact with Aimeric de Pegulhan, Albertet de Sestaro, Guillem Augier Novella and Peirol. He may also have made the acquaintance of Peire Cardenal. Aimeric went to Castile before making his final trip to Catalonia. His last datable work was \"Nulhs hom en res no falh\", a \"planh\" for Nuño Sánchez, who died in 1242. This \"planh\" was addressed to the \"comtessa Beatris\", wife of Raymond Berengar IV of Provence, and \"senher N'Imo\", her brother Aimone", "id": "15990226" }, { "contents": "Peire Bremon Ricas Novas\n\n\nproensal\", with its reference to \"us Provençals\". Peire's first datable work is a \"tenso\" written at the court of Raymond Berengar IV of Provence in 1230 with Gui de Cavalhon. At the court of Provence Peire also met Bertran d'Alamanon and Sordello, whose \"planh\" for Blacatz he imitated. Peire left the court of Raymond Berengar sometime in or after 1237 and went to that of Barral of Baux and thence to that of Raymond VII of Toulouse. Though there is no record of his having visited", "id": "12717295" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nsecond stanza Peire mentions Peter's success in the Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa; in the third he alludes to the sacking of Béziers (whose count Raymond Roger Trencavel was supposed to have been Peter's vassal): at Béziers the poorer soldiers of the Inquisition were flogged by the wealthier, and this is the theme of the stanza. Peire's mention of the court of Constantine may also again evoke the divorce proceedings of Peter and Marie where Peire ultimately lost. Peire later alludes to the death of someone (perhaps a", "id": "4006796" }, { "contents": "Elias de Barjols\n\n\naffability\" of Giraut IV Trencaleon d'Armagnac, the \"generosity\" of Randon (a lord of this name died before 1219, when he is mentioned in the testament of his son-in-law; he was the nephew of the troubadour Garin lo Brun), the \"good responses\" of Dalfi d'Alvernha, the \"wits\" of \"Peir cui es Monleos\" (maybe the troubadour Peire de Gavaret), the \"chivalry\" of Brian, the \"wisdom\" of Bertran, the \"courtesy\" of a", "id": "20595774" }, { "contents": "Peire Guilhem de Luserna\n\n\nPeire Guilhem de Luserna () was a Piedmontese troubadour. Peire's identity as an Italian has been up for debate since the 19th century. \"Luserna\" more probably refers to Luserna in the Piedmont, rich and populous in Peire’s time, a town on the left bank of the Pellice lying on the road into the Viennois and Dauphiné, Occitan-speaking territories. On the other hand, it may be Lusarne (\"Luserna\" in Italian) in the Leberon valley in Provence, on the road between Reillane in", "id": "10437582" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nPeire del Puei, li trobador\" with Aimeric de Pegulhan. At Raymond's court also perhaps, probably in 1213, Peire composed a \"sirventes\", \"Las amairitz, qui encolpar las vol\", which may have encouraged Peter II of Aragon to help Toulouse in the Battle of Muret, where Peter died. In this \"sirventes\" Peire alludes first perhaps to the accusations of adultery that Peter had leveled against Peter's wife Maria of Montpellier but also perhaps to the various changes in law governing women. In the", "id": "4006795" }, { "contents": "Peire Lunel de Montech\n\n\nPeire Lunel de Montech (fl. 1326–1384), also known as Cavalier Lunel or Peire de Lunel, was a lawyer, politician and author of Toulouse. His name indicates he was a knight (\"cavalier\" in Occitan) from Montech. In his youth he was a troubadour. A \"canso\", a Crusading song, a \"sirventes\", an \"ensenhamen\" and some moralising \"coblas esparsas\" survive of his work. The Crusading song is dated to around 1326. It is a critique of King", "id": "11493706" }, { "contents": "Ermengarde, Viscountess of Narbonne\n\n\nthe langue d'oïl in the north. She corresponded with many troubadours, including Peire Rogier, Giraut de Bornelh, Peire d'Alvergne, Pons d'Ortafa, and Salh d'Escola, as well as the trobairitz Azalais de Porcairagues. In addition it is believed that she welcomed to her court Rognvald II of Orkney, a Viking prince that became a saint, and poet, who composed skaldic poetry for her. Without issue after two unhappy marriages, Ermengarde designated as heir Pedro Manrique de Lara -the second but eldest surviving son of her half-sister", "id": "17254566" }, { "contents": "Peire de Corbiac\n\n\nPeire de Corbiac or Corbian was a Gascon cleric and troubadour of the thirteenth century. His most famous works are a religious piece, the \"Prière à la Vierge\" (prayer to the Virgin), and his \"treasures\", \"Lo tezaurs\" (c. 1225). Peire was born at Corbiac near Bordeaux to a poor family. He was educated at Orléans in the Scholastic tradition. His nephew was the troubadour Aimeric de Belenoi, whose \"vida\" refers to him as \"maestre\" (master, teacher", "id": "15078720" }, { "contents": "Peire de la Caravana\n\n\nGermany]br In saying: \"Brother, watz!\"br The sound of which as much resemblesbr Dogs barking. The German word \"watz\" is said to be an interjection resembling the clinking of glasses and proposes a toast. Peire also had ties to Sardinia. He dedicated his \"D'un serventes faire\" to a \"senhal Malgrat de toz\", which has been identified as Barisone II of Arborea, who was crowned King of Sardinia at Pavia by the Emperor Frederick I in return for 4,000 silver marks from Genoa, but was later deposed", "id": "20349652" }, { "contents": "Pere de Montsó\n\n\n. If Pattison's reconstruction of events surrounding Peire d'Alvernhe's satire is correct, however, Pere de Montsó was attached to the Spanish entourage (possibly as a jongleur) of Eleanor, daughter of Henry II of England and fiancée of Alfonso VIII of Castile, who was travelling through Gascony on her way to Spain when she and her entourage were entertained by Peire's satire. Pattison suggest on the basis of this stanza that the troupe had also travelled through the lands of Toulouse and met in the presence of the Count, whose", "id": "11269399" }, { "contents": "Occitan literature\n\n\nof Ventadour's father was a servant, Peire Vidal's a maker of furred garments, Perdigon's a fisher. Others belonged to the bourgeoisie, Peire d'Alvernha, for example, Peire Raimon of Toulouse, and Elias Fonsalada. Likewise we see merchants' sons as troubadours; this was the case with Folquet of Marseille and Aimeric de Peguilhan. A great many were clerics, or at least studied for the Church, for instance, Arnaut de Mareuil, Uc de Saint Circ, Aimeric de Belenoi, Hugh Brunet, Peire Cardenal", "id": "11312613" }, { "contents": "Pere de Montsó\n\n\nPere de Montsó (fl. 1173), also Peire de Monzo(n), was an Aragonese troubadour, though none of his compositions survive. He was probably from Monzón near the border with Catalonia, but he may have hailed from Monzón de Campos in Castile, as Ramón Menéndez Pidal believed. He is the subject of the eighth stanza of a famous satire of twelve troubadours by Peire d'Alvernhe. This stanza has different readings: The verse is very unclear. The first reading suggests that Raymond V of Toulouse had heard Pere sing", "id": "11269398" }, { "contents": "Peire de Barjac\n\n\nPeire de Barjac was a Languedocian troubadour who flourished in the first half of the thirteenth century. He was a descendant of the troubadours Guillem de Randon and Garin lo Brun. Only one of poem that was certainly written by Peire survives: \"Tot francamen, domna, veing denan vos\". The rubric above the poem in the manuscript labels it a \"conjat\" and scholars have classified it as a \"mala canso\", or bad \"canso\". It is a song about leaving his lover. Many other songs", "id": "8049259" }, { "contents": "Pierre Roger de Cabaret\n\n\nPierre Roger de Cabaret (French) or Pèire Rogièr de Cabaret (Occitan) (fl. 13th century) was a military leader of the Occitan forces in the Albigensian Crusade. He inherited three hilltop castles near modern-day Lastours from his father. He was a patron of the troubadours, including Peire Vidal. He was a vassal of viscount Raymond Roger Trencavel, and was present with him during the siege of the castrum of Carcassonne in early stages of the Albigensian Crusade in 1209. Allegedly, Pierre-Roger advised Trencavel", "id": "11128862" }, { "contents": "Peire Raimon de Tolosa\n\n\nPeire Raimon de Tolosa (or Toloza; fl. 1180–1220) was a troubadour from the merchant class of Toulouse. He is variously referred to as \"lo Viellz\" (\"the Old\") and \"lo Gros\" (\"the Fat\"), though these are thought by some to refer to two different persons. On the other hand, \"lo Viellz\" could refer to his being of an early generation of troubadours. Eighteen of Peire Ramon's poems survive, one \"canso\" with a melody.", "id": "19379362" }, { "contents": "Peire Vidal\n\n\ncity, Ermengarde, was a notable patron of troubadours (like Azalais de Porcairagues) there is no indication that she patronised Peire or that he wrote songs for her. Peire was also associated with Raimon Jaufre Barral, viscount of Marseille and brother-in-law of Vierna. Barral's son-in-law, Hugh of Baux, was also a patron of Peire Vidal. The troubadour Blacatz, a relative of Hugh's and of modest wealth, was a patron. Peire Vidal is referenced in Ezra Pound's poem", "id": "7150833" }, { "contents": "Peire Guilhem de Luserna\n\n\nthe Basses-Alpes and Bastide-des-Jourdans. Peire was probably at the court of the Este beginning in 1221, during the reign of Azzo VII, husband of Giovanna, the object of one of Peire's songs. Sometime before arriving at Ferrara, Peire was probably at the court of Manfred III of Saluzzo. In 1220 Aimeric de Peguilhan, then at the Malaspina court, mentioned him in a poem—\"Ni un autre tirador / qu’eu no vuoill dir de Luserna\"—as being among a quintet of Occitan poets at Saluzzo: Peire", "id": "10437583" }, { "contents": "Gonzalo Ruiz\n\n\nthe 1170s. If Gonzalo Ruiz is de Azagra, it should be noted that his brother's daughter, Tota Pérez, was married to Diego López de Haro—with whom the lord of La Bureba had a connexion—who was a great patron of troubadours. Rigaut de Barbezill, Peire Vidal, and Aimeric de Pegulhan all spent time at his court, as did Rodrigo Díaz de los Cameros, his son-in-law, one of the earliest Galician-Portuguese troubadours. Riquer attaches the Castilian embassy in France circa", "id": "12361311" }, { "contents": "Peire de la Caravana\n\n\nPeire de la Caravana (also Cavarana, Gavarana, or Cà Varana, perhaps meaning \"near Verona\") was an Italian troubadour (\"trovatore\") in Lombardy in the late 12th and early 13th centuries. He was one of the earliest Occitan troubadours in Italy. He is famous for his \"sirventes\". Among his preserved works are the \"sirventes\" \"D'un serventes faire\" and \"La Paz de Costanza\". Peire wrote the first encouraging the communes of northern Italy to resist German overlorship, which has", "id": "20349649" }, { "contents": "Peire Rogier\n\n\nlong time. From Raimbaut's court he moved on to sojourn at that of Alfonso VIII of Castile, then that of Alfonso II of Aragon, and finally that of Raymond V of Toulouse, where he arrived circa 1170. According to his \"vida\", he became much esteemed as a troubadour through his travels, but there is no evidence otherwise for any movements in Spain, except perhaps the assembly of troubadours at the court of Aragon mentioned in a work of Peire d'Alvernhe (which need not have taken place).", "id": "1085906" }, { "contents": "Peire de Bussignac\n\n\nPeire de Bussignac, Bossinhac, or Bocinhac (fl. c. 1160) was a nobleman, cleric, and troubadour from the Périgord. He was probably from Bussignac in Hautefort, but possibly Boussignac in Tulle. He was, according to his \"vida\", \"from the castle of Bertran de Born\". Though his \"vida\" speaks of \"good \"sirventes\"\" to reproach ladies for bad behaviour and \"sirventes\" attacking Bertran, only one \"sirventes\" by Peire survives: \"Quan lo dous temps", "id": "6679237" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\nCastile sojourned at Puivert. If the above date is not accepted, it can be probably dated later than 1165—since Giraut de Borneill was only active from c.1170—and certainly before 1173, when Raimbaut d'Aurenga died. The Monge de Montaudon later composed a parody of Peire's satire, \"Pos Peire d'Alvernhl a chantat\". \"Chantarai d'aquest trobadors\" is near universally regarded today as playful parody and not as a work of serious literary or artistic criticism. The obscurity of most of the ridiculed poets and the attack upon such personal characteristics as", "id": "6558337" }, { "contents": "Arnaut de Tintinhac\n\n\nattitude towards encouraging courtly love he also resembles the early troubadours. Like other early Gascon troubadours, such as Peire de Valeira, he employed nature metaphors, as at the beginning of this song: The \"vida\" of Peire de Valeira seems to confuse its intended subject with Arnaut (at least at some points). It goes like this: Peire de Valeira was from Gascony, from the land of Lord Arnaut Guillem de Marsan. He was a minstrel at the very same time in which Marcabru lived, and he composed", "id": "12717977" }, { "contents": "Peire de Valeira\n\n\nPeire de Valeira, Valeria, or Valera (fl. early–mid twelfth century) was a Gascon troubadour. Since troubadour poetry probably originated in northwest Aquitaine (Poitou and Saintonge) and first spread—within a generation—south into Gascony, Peire was one of the earliest troubadours. Only two of his poems survive, one \"canso\" (\"Vezer volgra n'Ezelgarda\") and one \"cobla\" (\"Qui qu'Amors don son voler\"). His birthplace was Valera, near Podensac and Saint-Macaire in", "id": "18999206" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Ussel\n\n\nPeire d'Ussel or d'Uisel (\"Pèire d'Ussèl\" in modern Occitan; fl. c. 1200) was a Limousin troubadour, the middle of three brothers, castellans of the castle of Ussel-sur-Sarzonne, northeast of Ventadorn. His elder brother was Eble and his younger Gui, and he also had a cousin named Elias; all four were troubadours. According to Gui's \"vida\", Peire descanted his relatives’ songs. This should not be understood to imply that Peire was only a musician. One \"cobla", "id": "14026658" }, { "contents": "Peyre de Rius\n\n\nPeyre de Rius (\"fl.\"1344–86) was an Occitan troubadour from Foix. He wrote under the patronage of Gaston Phoebus, Count of Foix, and Peter the Ceremonious, King of Aragon. He is one of the few troubadours known by name who lived for a time at Peter's court in Barcelona. His name in standardised Occitan is \"Peire\" or \"Pèire\", in Catalan it is \"Pere\", and in modern French \"Pierre\". An obscure reference to a Pere Riu among some \"", "id": "16102630" }, { "contents": "Matfre Ermengau\n\n\n) of the work, \"Perilhos tractatz d'amor de donas, seguon qu'en han tractat li antic trobador en lurs cansos\", structured as a dialogue between the defenders Love and her critics, is filled with citations (266 by some counts) of other troubadours and even some trouvères; Matfre cited himself six (Jeanroy) or nine (Paden) times and cited his brother Peire twice. He was careful to cite poets from different eras, but his favourites appear to be Aimeric de Peguilhan, Bernart de Ventadorn, and Peire", "id": "4121404" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nhim to vernacular lyric poetry and he abandoned his career in the church for \"the vanity of this world\", according to his \"vida\". Peire began his career at the court of Raymond VI of Toulouse—from whom he sought patronage—and a document of 1204 refers to a \"Petrus Cardinalis\" as a scribe of Raymond's chancery. At Raymond's court, however, he appears to have been known as Peire del Puoi or Puei (). Around 1238 he wrote a \"partimen\" beginning \"", "id": "4006794" }, { "contents": "Peire de la Mula\n\n\n, \"Una leig vei d'escuoill\", was also an attack on minstrels (\"joglars\"), who, at his time, were bringing their \"insolence\" from across the Alps into the presence of the \"pros\" (powerful) of Italy. Peire refers in this work to both Breton (\"Bretz\") and Norman (\"Normans\") minstrels. Peire's only full-length work to survive, \"Dels joglars servir mi laisse\", is a \"sirventes joglaresc\", a \"sirventes", "id": "13683551" }, { "contents": "Sancha of Castile, Queen of Aragon\n\n\nSancha of Castile (21 September 1154/5 – 9 November 1208) was the only surviving child of King Alfonso VII of Castile by his second wife, Richeza of Poland. On January 18, 1174, she married King Alfonso II of Aragon at Zaragoza; they had at least eight children who survived into adulthood. A patroness of troubadours such as Giraud de Calanson and Peire Raymond, the queen became involved in a legal dispute with her husband concerning properties which formed part of her dower estates. In 1177 she entered the county of", "id": "21291157" }, { "contents": "Ottone del Carretto\n\n\nin 1217. He predeceased his father in 1228. His second son, Enrico (Henry), married Beatrice, daughter of Boniface I of Montferrat. A third son, Manfredo (Manfred), is only attested in one document of 1242 in the \"Codex Astensis\". Ottone was a patron of several troubadours, composers of Old Occitan lyric poetry. He is prominent in the \"vida\" (short vernacular biography) of Peire de la Mula. In one manuscript his name is given as \"miser N'Ot del Carret", "id": "18951554" }, { "contents": "Peire de Barjac\n\n\nare attributed to multiple troubadours in the manuscripts. Some attributed to Peire are also attributed to Peire de Bussignac, Berenguier de Palazol, Elias de Barjols, Guillem de la Tor, Pons de Capdoill and Uc de Saint Circ; yet few of these other attributions are reliable. One song attributed to Peire in one manuscript is unattributed in another. Stronski argues that the attribution to Elias de Barjols was an emendation by the scribe confronted with the unfamiliar name Peire de Barjac. Napolski considered the attribution to Pons de Capdoill dubious. Alfred", "id": "8049260" }, { "contents": "Uc de Lescura\n\n\nUc de Lescura or de l'Escura (fl. 1190–1204) was a minor troubadour. The \"Lescura\" of his birth is unknown. There is a Lescurre in Ariège, Aveyron, and Tarn. Based on references in his work, historian Alfred Adler placed him at the court of Alfonso VIII of Castile (whom he calls \"emperor\") and in Catalonia. Uc's only existing work is a \"sirventes\", \"De mots ricos no tem Peire Vidal\", that begins with a \"gab\" proclaiming his", "id": "7146555" }, { "contents": "Peire de Montagut\n\n\nPeire de Montagut (? – 28 January 1232) was Grand Master of the Knights Templar from 1218 to 1232. He took part in the Fifth Crusade and was against the Sultan of Egypt's conditions for raising the siege of Damietta. He was previously Master of the Crown of Aragon. A close friend of Guillaume de Chartres, it was most likely the trust the previous Grand Master had in him which meant he himself was elected so quickly in 1218. At the same time, the Grand Master of the Knights Hospitaller was", "id": "11505219" }, { "contents": "Alfonso II of Aragon\n\n\ntaking a lover who is richer than herself. The debate had been begun by Guilhem de Saint-Leidier and was taken up by Azalais de Porcairagues and Raimbaut of Orange; there was also a \"partimen\" on the topic between Dalfi d'Alvernha and Perdigon. Alfonso and his love affairs are mentioned in poems by many troubadours, including Guillem de Berguedà (who criticized his dealings with Azalais of Toulouse) and Peire Vidal, who commended Alfonso's decision to marry Sancha rather than Eudokia Komnene that he had preferred a poor Castilian maid", "id": "20647088" }, { "contents": "Peire de Ladils\n\n\nPeire de Ladils de Bazas (; fl. 1325–1355) was a Gascon troubadour associated with the Consistori del Gay Saber in Toulouse. He was from Bazas in the Gironde and he served as advocate for the Cathédrale Saint-Jean-Baptiste. His surviving work comprises four \"cansos\", three \"dansas\", and two \"partimens\". In 1340 he composed a political \"partimen\" with Raimon de Cornet. He, and presumably Raimon also, was apparently well-read in the romantic literature of his time. His", "id": "11791403" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\nspirited courtly love\") he is the only troubadour to ever use the term \"courtly love\". Marcabrunian influence can be seen here too. In a later Crusade song, Peire defended Marcabru's abandonment of the \"carnal amar\". He advocates \"gran sabers ni purs\" (\"great and pure wisdom\") through \"bon'amor\" (\"good love\"). Along with Bernart Marti, Bernart de Venzac, and Gavaudan, Peire was part of a \"Marcabrunian school\". Nonetheless, as mentioned above", "id": "6558333" }, { "contents": "Guilhem Peire Cazals de Caortz\n\n\ncor que trameta\", composed in 1240, which mirrors \"D'una leu chanso ai cor que m'entremeta\", a \"canso\" by Guilhem Peire, in metre and rhyme and therefore gives a \"terminus ante quem\" for the \"tenso\"'s composition. Nine of Guilhem Peire's poems are dedicated to a certain friend and jongleur known only by the affectionate \"senhal\" \"Ardit\". Generally he wrote in the trobar ric genre, and in his \"leu chanso\" (\"canso\" in the trobar leu", "id": "12553938" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\n. The author of his \"vida\", editorialising, considers his poems to have been the greatest until Giraut de Borneill and his melodies to have been the best ever. The anonymous biographer records that his information about Peire's later years comes from Dalfi d'Alvernha. It has been suggested that Dalfi was the author of the \"vida\". According to an accusation of fellow troubadour Bernart Marti, Peire entered upon a religious life early, but quit Holy Orders for a life of itinerant minstrelsy. He may be the same person", "id": "6558329" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nan opponent of Christianity or even the Crusades. In \"Totz lo mons es vestitiz et abrazatz\" he urged Philip III of France, who had recently succeeded his father, Louis IX, who died in 1270 on the failed Eighth Crusade, to go to the aid of Edward Longshanks, then on the Ninth Crusade in Syria. Near the end of the \"sirventes\", \"Ab votz d'angel, lengu' esperta, non bleza\", composed as noted probably around 1229, Peire's words, \"[s]'ieu fos", "id": "4006802" }, { "contents": "Albert Malaspina\n\n\nAlbert Malaspina (1160/1165–1206/1212), called Alberto Moro (\"the Moor\") and \"lo marches putanier\" (\"the whoring marquess\"), was a member of the illustrious Malaspina family. He was a noted troubadour and patron of troubadours. Albert disputes with Peire de la Caravana the position of earliest native Italian troubadour. He was a son of Obizzo I the Great and husband of a daughter of William V of Montferrat. His brother-in-law Boniface I of Montferrat and his nephews Corrado (Conrad)", "id": "17471547" }, { "contents": "Peire de Corbiac\n\n\n) and Peire elsewhere calls himself \"maistre\". Certainly Peire's \"Tezaur\" is didactic in nature: his purpose in writing was to convince the wise that though he was poor in material terms he was richer still. Composed in 840 alexandrines, the \"Tezaur\" is an encyclopaedic compilation of all that the troubadour knew. The work displays a great breadth of knowledge. He expends 547 lines narrating the chief events of the Old and New Testaments, then discusses the seven liberal arts, medicine, surgery, necromancy,", "id": "15078721" }, { "contents": "Peire de Valeira\n\n\nfor an early troubadour genre which did not survive. It may also be that the distinctiveness of Peire's genre was regional, a Gascon style. The later Gascon troubadour Guiraut de Calanso wrote verses that were \"d'aquella saison\" (\"of that time\") and disliked in Provence, perhaps pointing to a Gascon tradition (or \"literary fad\") which was not popular outside of \"Gascoigna\" (Gascony). The \"paubra valor\" (\"poor value\") of Peire's songs may be a reflection", "id": "18999210" }, { "contents": "Henry II of Rodez\n\n\nHenry II (Occitan: \"Enric II de Rodés\") (c. 1236–1304), of the House of Millau, was the Count of Rodez and Viscount of Carlat from 1274 until his death. He was the son of Hugh IV of Rodez and Isabeau de Roquefeuil. Henry II was a troubadour and patron of troubadours. He composed six poems that survive: four \"tensos\" and two \"partimens\" (alternatively five \"torneyamens\"). His short \"vida\" records an exchange of couplets between \"lo coms", "id": "16712769" }, { "contents": "Peire Bremon lo Tort\n\n\nPeire Bremon lo Tort (or Bremonz lo Tortz) (\"fl.\" 1177) was a troubadour from the Viennois. Though only two of his pieces (both love songs) survive, his poetry is characterised by Francoprovençalisms. According to his short \"vida\", he was \"honoured by all the notable men.\" Peire Bremon has been identified with the Petrus Bermudi and Peire Bremont found in documents of 1160 pertaining to the Dauphiné. He is possibly the same person as the Peire Bremon related to the Counts of", "id": "16694577" }, { "contents": "Bernart Marti\n\n\nBernart Marti was a troubadour, composing poems and satires in Occitan, in the mid twelfth century. They show that he was influenced by his contemporaries Marcabru and knew Peire d'Alvernha, whom, in one poem, he accused of abandoning holy orders. Along with Peire, Gavaudan, and Bernart de Venzac he is sometimes placed in a hypothetical Marcabrunian school. His work is \"enigmatic, ironic, and satiric\", but has no following among later troubadours, according to Gaunt and Kay. Nine or ten of Marti's poems", "id": "14690002" }, { "contents": "Occitan literature\n\n\nthe part he is said to have played both by his sword and his sirveniescs in the struggle between Henry II of England and his rebel sons, though the importance of his part in the events of the time seems to have been greatly exaggerated; Peire Vidal of Toulouse, a poet of varied inspiration who grew rich with gifts bestowed on him by the greatest nobles of his time; Guiraut de Borneil, \"lo macsire dels trobadors\", and at any rate master in the art of the so-called close style (", "id": "11312610" }, { "contents": "Peire de Maensac\n\n\nto the (unnamed) wife of Bernart de Tierci. According to his \"vida\" he sang so much to her that she eventually allowed herself to be \"abducted\" by him. He fled with her to the castle of Dalf d'Alvernha, but her husband waged a \"great war\" to bring her back. Dalfi reputedly defended the castle so well that Bernart was unable to ever reclaim her. Peire was called a \"pleasant companion\" by his biographer. He wrote mostly \"cansos\" of courtly love with \"", "id": "6679235" }, { "contents": "Aimerico Manrique de Lara\n\n\ndefend the rights of the viscounts of Narbonne, recognising the rights of Aimeric at the same time. In early 1176, Ermengarda to retired to the monastery of Fontfroide, leaving the reins of government in Narbonne in Aimeric's hands. Aimeric died on 14 October 1177. Raymond V recovered his rights in Narbonne and his ducal title. Peire Rogier, a troubadour who frequented Ermengarda's court, addressed a poem to the viscountess and Aimeric. It is one of Peire's few datable works, coming between the years of Aimeric's", "id": "7254812" }, { "contents": "Guilhem d'Anduza\n\n\nGuilhem d'Anduza (fl. 1244–81) was a minor troubadour active in the middle of the thirteenth century. He belonged to the family of the lords of Anduze, who were patrons of several other troubadours. He was the eldest son of Peire Bremon VII, the last lord of Anduze and Sauve, and Josserande de Poitiers. Most of his father's lands were confiscated for rebellion in 1244. Guilhem acquired the barony of Olargues through marriage and inherited Hierle on his father's death in 1254. His petition to recover Anduze and", "id": "15667365" }, { "contents": "Guillem de Ribes\n\n\nof Miralpeix (now part of Sitges), held by one of his vassals, when it came under siege by two rivals, Berenguer de Castellet and Eymerich de Espiells. The castle was taken in an assault and partially destroyed. In a lawsuit brought against Guillem in the early 1200s, it was alleged that he had deliberately impeded the defence of the castle to his own benefit. He was succeeded by his nephew, Ponç II. The troubadour Peire d'Alvernhe composed a song satirizing twelve contemporary troubadours. It was probably first performed", "id": "10989340" }, { "contents": "Peire Guillem de Tolosa\n\n\nPeire Guillem (or Guilhem) de Tolosa was a 13th-century troubadour from Toulouse. Only one \"sirventes\" he wrote (\"En Sordel, que us es semblan\"), a \"tenso\" with the contemporary Italian poet Sordello, survives. According to his \"vida\" he was a courtly man who loved high society. The author of the \"vida\" also expresses admiration for his couplets but bewails the excessive number he composed, though so few of his works survive to this day. He was also", "id": "15990053" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\ncan detect the moralising influence of Marcabru, with whom in whose old age he was possibly acquainted. One of Marcabru's late songs is a satire of an early one by Peire d'Alvernhe. Marcabru's complexity was also imparted to Peire. On the topic of courtly love, Peire, who had abandoned the religious life early, came to abandon the claims of \"fin'amor\" (\"fine love\") later. When Peire espouses love of the Holy Ghost over \"cortez' amors de bon aire\" (\"well-", "id": "6558332" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\nthem and beg their mercy.\" By far, however, Peire's most famous work is \"Chantarai d'aquest trobadors\", a \"sirventes\" written at Puivert (\"Puoich-vert\") in which he ridicules twelve contemporary troubadours (\"a poetical gallery\") and praises himself. It has been conjectured that this piece was first performed in the presence of all twelve of the ridiculed poets in late Summer 1170 while an embassy bringing Eleanor, daughter of Henry II of England, to her Spanish goorm Alfonso VIII of", "id": "6558336" }, { "contents": "Peire de la Caravana\n\n\nbeen dated to as early as 1157. However, Peire incites the Lombard cities by harkening back to the fate of the baronage of Apulia who had resisted the Germans earlier: \"Lombart, beus gardazbr \"Que ja non siazbr \"Pejer que compraz,br \"Si ferm non estaz!br \"De Pulla'us sovegnabr \"Dels valens barosbr \"Qu'il non an que pegnabr \"For de lor maisos;br \"Gardaz non devegnabr \"Autretal de vos! This has led some to date it to 1194, when Henry VI conquered Sicily or as late", "id": "20349650" }, { "contents": "Marcoat\n\n\nMarcoat was a minor Gascon troubadour and joglar who flourished in the mid twelfth century. He is often cited in connexion with Eleanor of Aquitaine and is placed in a hypothetical \"school\" of poetry which includes Bernart de Ventadorn, Marcabru, Cercamon, Jaufre Rudel, Peire Rogier, and Peire de Valeria among others. Of all his works, only two \"sirventes\" survive: \"Mentre m'obri eis huisel\" and \"Una re.us dirai, en Serra\". Marcoat was an innovator building off the work of the contemporary Gascon", "id": "10485658" }, { "contents": "Gonzalo Ruiz\n\n\nmarry Alfonso VIII of Castile, then the identification of Guossalbo Roitz with Gonzalo Ruiz of Bureba becomes probable. Peire has this to say about his eleventh \"victim\" in lines 67 to 72: Peire is making fun of Gonzalo's well-known military career. In fact, Peire may have learned about Gonzalo on a trip he made to Castile in the spring of 1158. If he did not meet Gonzalo at the Castilian court, where Gonzalo undoubtedly was between January and February, then he may have met him at the", "id": "12361307" }, { "contents": "Peire Bremon lo Tort\n\n\nToulouse in a stanza of Peire d'Alvernhe's satire of contemporary troubadours. \"Peire Bremon\" was not a rare name and it was shared by the later troubadour, sometimes erroneously identified with lo Tort (whose nickname means \"the Wrong\"), Peire Bremon Ricas Novas. Peire's earlier poem, \"Mei oill an gran manentia\", was written as the troubadour prepared to depart from Syria, where he had been staying. He left behind a beloved \"domna\" (lady), whom he celebrated in the poem", "id": "16694578" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nabout the nuns may have additional significance. His tone changes after this and his closing lines suggest though that all this is a miracle from the \"saintly fathers\", suggesting his acceptance of things: Cardenal.org says that some have interpreted these lines as suggesting that Peire married at this time. By the end of his life he appears reconciled to the new \"modus vivendi\" in southern France. He died at an advanced age (allegedly one hundred years old) possibly either in Montpellier or Nimes, but this is only a", "id": "4006804" }, { "contents": "Peire Vidal\n\n\nPeire Vidal (born mid-12th century) was an Old Occitan troubadour. Forty-five of his songs are extant. The twelve that still have melodies bear testament to the deserved nature of his musical reputation. There is no contemporary reference to Peire outside of his works of poetry. His \"vida\" (a short Occitan biography)—composed about fifty years after his death—and two \"razos\" (short commentaries on specific poems) are probably fictionalised works built on episodes from his poems. Only the opening line of the \"vida", "id": "7150829" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\ndaughter or perhaps Peire's wife Marie) and then apparently to the couple's son James I of Aragon, born at Candlemas, according to James's Chronicle. It's not clear who the \"crois hom\" or \"dreadful man\" is in the final couplet, whose deeds are \"piggish\": Peire has really never addressed anyone in this verse but Peter II and those close to him. (But dualism had by then made its way into some of the local religious views of Medieval Languedoc: in dualist philosophy", "id": "4006797" }, { "contents": "Guillem de Balaun\n\n\nVierneta when he next returned to see Guilhelma. After a long time he returned, did reconcile Peire and Vierneta, and gave Peire more joy than he had felt even when he first won his lady. In order to test whether or not the joy of recovering a lady was greater than that of winning her, Guillem acted as though he were very angry with her. He ceased to discuss her or hear her discussed, to send her messages, or to visit her region. She sent him pleading messengers and letters of", "id": "21063206" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nmaritz\", \"if I were wed\", suggest that he is not yet wed. The verse which follows provides evidence in the view of some that Peire married: it first mocks the \"barrenness that bears fruit\" of the \"[beguinas\" (beguines, who may have sometimes been associated with the Dominicans; Hill and Bergin in 1973 said this was a reference to nuns of the Dominican Order). Throughout the verse of course Peire had been poking fun at the Dominican clergy, but the comment", "id": "4006803" }, { "contents": "Antide Boyer\n\n\nhis father, a potter. He spent four years at the minor seminary of Marseille, where he lost his faith in Christianity. He met Pierre Mazière at the seminary, who later wrote under the nom-de-plume Peire Simoun. He worked for the Chemins de fer de Paris à Lyon et à la Méditerranée (PLM), then at the La Ciotat shipyards, and then ran a wholesale oil and soap store with his first wife. He was one of the founders of the Bouches-du-Rhone Socialist", "id": "16118352" }, { "contents": "Peire de Valeira\n\n\nthe Gironde. His \"vida\" places his birthplace in the fief of Arnaut Guillem de Marsan, who was himself a troubadour. He was a contemporary of Marcabru and originally a jongleur. His poems were typical for the time, according to Uc de Saint Circ, the probable author of his \"vida\", being about natural objects (like leaves, flowers, and birds), but not of great value to the biographer's time. But Uc saves his harshest critique for the end, as Elizabeth Poe relates:", "id": "18999207" }, { "contents": "Troubadour\n\n\nNicoletto da Torino, Peire Raimon de Tolosa, Peire Rogier, Peire de Valeira, Peirol, Pistoleta, Perdigon, Salh d'Escola, Uc de la Bacalaria, Uc Brunet, and Uc de Saint Circ were jongleur-troubadours. A \"vida\" is a brief prose biography, written in Occitan, of a troubadour. The word \"vida\" means \"life\" in Occitan. In the chansonniers, the manuscript collections of medieval troubadour poetry, the works of a particular author are often accompanied by a short prose biography.", "id": "16794140" }, { "contents": "Peire de la Caravana\n\n\nas 1225, when the city-states of northern Italy renewed the old Lombard League in opposition to Henry's son, Frederick I of Sicily, Holy Roman Emperor. Writing in Lombardy in the Occitan tongue under the nominal sovereignty of the German monarch, Peire took the opportunity to poke fun at the German language, writing in a famously debated passage: \"Granoglas resembla\" [\"la gent d'Alemanha\"]br \"En dir\"(\"e\"): Broder, guaz;br \"Lairan, quant s'asemblabr \"Cum cans enrabjaz\".brbr Frogs resemble [the people of", "id": "20349651" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\n. In his wanderings he may have spent some time at Cortezon, at the court of the minor nobleman and troubadour Raimbaut d'Aurenga. Peire lived a long into old age, and performed penance before dying. Peire wrote mostly \"cansos\", which, as his \"vida\" points out, were called \"vers\" in his day. He also invented the \"pious song\" and wrote six such poems dealing with serious themes of religion, piety, and spirituality. Even in his more profane works, however, one", "id": "6558331" }, { "contents": "Raymond Pilet d'Alès\n\n\nRaymond Pilet (Raymond de Narbonnne-Pelet) (1075-1120), the only child of Bernard I Pilet of Narbonne and his wife, whose name is unknown. Seigneur of Alès. Bernard was the son of Raymond II, Viscount of Narbone from 1066 to 1067. The name “pelet” refers to a fur that the nobility wore over their cuirass and coats-of-arms. Raymond distinguished himself as a great warrior during the First Crusade. Many of the chroniclers of the Crusades, including William of Tyre", "id": "10100689" }, { "contents": "Dalfi d'Alvernha\n\n\nGuillemette de Comborn, Countess of Montferrand, daughter of Archambaud, Viscount of Comborn, and Jourdaine of Périgord. Their children were Aélis, Guillaume (William, later Count of Clermont), Blanche, and Alix. Troubadours who worked with Dalfi or sang at his court include Peirol, Perdigon, Peire de Maensac, Gaucelm Faidit, and Uc de Saint Circ; his cousin, bishop Robert of Clermont, exchanged satirical and erotic verses with him, as did Richard Coeur de Lion. One \"partimen\" between Dauphin and Perdigon", "id": "11683786" }, { "contents": "Troubadour\n\n\nwhose style seems to have fallen out of favour, was the \"Gascon school\" of Cercamon, Peire de Valeira, and Guiraut de Calanso. Cercamon was said by his biographer to have composed in the \"old style\" (\"la uzansa antiga\") and Guiraut's songs were \"d'aquella saison\" (\"of that time\"). This style of poetry seems to be attached to early troubadours from Gascony and was characterised by references to nature: leaves, flowers, birds, and their songs. This Gascon", "id": "16794155" }, { "contents": "Aimeric de Belenoi\n\n\nAimeric de Belenoi (fl. 1215–1242) was a Gascon troubadour. At least fifteen of his songs survived. Seven others were attributed to him in some medieval manuscripts. Aimeric was born in the castle of Lesparra in the Bordelais (\"metropolis civitas Burdigalensium\", the modern Gironde). His uncle was another troubadour, Peire de Corbiac. His \"vida\" says he was a cleric and later a jongleur before he took to \"inventing good songs, which were beautiful and charming.\" He apparently was the feudal lord", "id": "15990224" }, { "contents": "Jaufre de Pons\n\n\nis a \"partimen\" with Guiraut Riquier (\"Guiraut Riquier, diatz me,\" composed probably 1270 or 1280–1). Jaufre's part in the debate consists in asking plain youthful questions about love only to receive the bitter and experienced answers of Guiraut in proverbial form. Jaufre was probably the husband of Isabeau, daughter of Henry II of Rodez, a patron of troubadours. In 1292 he rendered homage to the lord of Châteauroux. Some scholars have suspected that there were more than one Jaufre de Pons (one from the", "id": "20235204" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\nthe \"trobar braus\" as a legitimate format for \"rough\" themes. One anonymous song of the Fifth Crusade, \"Lo Senhre que formet lo tro\", written between Spring 1213 and July 1214 has been attributed to Peire d'Alvernhe, but the dating makes that impossible. In a \"tenso\" between a Bernart (probably Bernart de Ventadorn) and an unnamed Peire, perhaps Peire d'Alvernhe, the latter argues that \"it is not becoming for ladies to make love-pleas; it is fitting that men plead with", "id": "6558335" }, { "contents": "Peire Guillem de Tolosa\n\n\nsaid to have composed \"sirventes joglarescs\", or \"sirventes\" in the manner of joglars, in order to criticise \"the barons\" (presumably the high noblesse). He also wrote a work criticising the prolific trouvère Theobald I of Navarre. The troubadour Bertran Carbonel twice mentions another troubadour by the initials P.G., possibly indicating Peire Guilhem. He mourns a certain P.G. in a \"planh\", where the initials probably stand in the manuscript for a full name, since three syllables would be required by the metre.", "id": "15990054" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\nappearance and manners has been cited in support of the view that the parody was done in the presence of all twelve victims, further supporting the conclusion that the parody was good-natured. Besides the criticism of a personal nature, many of the criticism launched by Peire allude to the works of the others, notably those of Bernart de Ventadorn and Raimbaut d'Aurenga. Peire's \"vida\" acclaimed him an accomplished singer and the greatest composer of melodies for verses yet known. Peire's famous \"Chantarai d'aquest trobadors\" contains a", "id": "6558338" }, { "contents": "Peire de Corbiac\n\n\ncentury before its appearance in Latin as \"contrapunctus\", today's counterpoint. The \"Tezaur\" had a lasting influence in the Late Middle Ages. The Jew Emanuele da Roma wrote the \"Ninth Meḥabbereth\", a Hebrew poem based on the \"Tesoretto\" of Brunetto Latini, itself based on the \"Tezaur\" of Peire. Peire was a religious man, as the dedicatory first verse of his \"Tezaur\" attests: it contains a dedication to Jesus and Mary and a statement of Trinitarian faith. His prayer to", "id": "15078723" }, { "contents": "Amanieu de Sescars\n\n\nSicily, and 1291, when he inherited Aragon. Amanieu's second didactic work, the \"Ensenhamen de la donsela\" can be dated between 1291 and 1295 by a reference to James as King of Aragon and to the ongoing War of the Sicilian Vespers. It is addressed to an unnamed \"donsela\" (young woman) and is designed to teach her how to behave in courtly society and how to be respected. Amanieu's poetry is definitely influenced by Peire Vidal and also possibly by Arnaut de Maruelh. The later troubadour", "id": "7359304" } ]

[ { "contents": "Peire Pelet\n\n\nPeire Pelet (died 1303) was the \"conseigneur\" of Alès in the Languedoc. He was married to Delfina (Delphine), a sister of Henry II of Rodez. He is the senher d'Alest (the lord of Alès) referred to as a participant in the \"torneyamen\" \"Senhe n'Enric, us reys un ric avar\" along with his brother-in-law Henry and the troubadour Guiraut Riquier. Peire was descended from a Raymond Pelet who took part in the First Crusade. His father was Bernard Pelet", "id": "9562337" }, { "contents": "Peire Pelet\n\n\n, who died in September 1252, leaving his entire heritage to his eldest son, William, under the tutelage of Bernard de Barre, Guillaume de Pontils, and Jean de Bossoles. In 1253 William, with his tutors and his younger brothers, including Peire, received the homage of their father's vassals: Hugues de Melet, Pierre de Spinasson, and many others, in the presence of Pierre Gaucelin, Bérenger de la Fare, Arnaud d'Arsac, and Pierre Gaucelin de Follaquier. On the death of William without heirs Peire", "id": "9562338" }, { "contents": "Peire Pelet\n\n\nsucceeded him. He married Delfina sometime before April 1276, when her brother released a sum of money left her by their father, Henry I: a hundred marks of silver or 5,000 \"sols tournois\". In 1274 James I of Aragon renounced the homage and oath of fealty owed by Peire for his fief since his great-great-grandfather, Bertrand Pelet, Count of Melgueil, had rendered it to James's grandfather, Alfonso II. Peire then began a war with Bérenger de Frédol, Bishop of Maguelonne, over", "id": "9562339" }, { "contents": "Peire Pelet\n\n\nthe county of Melgueil, which at that time was held by the bishop from the Papacy. In 1276 the combatants were brought before the episcopal court of the Archdiocese of Narbonne. Peire lost the case and was ordered to pay 1,000 \"livres\" in compensation. Joseph Angalde placed the aforementioned \"torneyamen\" around 1280–1, before the death of Peire, which he believed occurred in 1282; after the return of Riquier from Castile in 1279; and after the succession of Henry, who he believed was referred to as \"coms", "id": "9562340" }, { "contents": "Peire Raimon de Tolosa\n\n\nPeire Ramon's name (as \"Petrus Raimundus\") appears in two documents of Toulouse, dated to 1182 and 1214. According to his \"vida\", he became a jongleur and travelled to the court of Alfonso II of Aragon, who bestowed great honour on him. The earliest datable work by Peire Ramon is a \"planh\" written on the death of Henry the Young King in 1183. According to his \"vida\" Peire passed \"a long time\" at the courts of Alfonso, William VIII of Montpellier", "id": "19379363" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\npoetry. Among the other troubadours Peire encountered in his travels were Aimeric de Belenoi and Raimon de Miraval. He may have met Daude de Pradas and Guiraut Riquier at Rodez. Peire was influenced by Cadenet, whom he honoured in one of his pieces. He was possibly influenced by Bernart de Venzac. In his early days he was a vehement opponent of the French, the clergy and the Albigensian Crusade. In the \"sirventes\", \"Ab votz d'angel, lengu' esperta, non bleza\", dated by Hill and", "id": "4006799" }, { "contents": "Peire Vidal\n\n\nMany of his early poems were addressed to Vierna de Porcellet, a relative of the count's. In some poems Peire, Vierna and Raymond form a love triangle. From Toulouse Peire went to the court of King Alfonso II of Aragon, where he remained in good favour until the king's death in 1196. He continued to occasionally visit the court of Alfonso's son, Peter II In the rivalry between the rulers of Toulouse and Aragon, Peire took the side of Aragon. He visited the court of King Alfonso VIII", "id": "7150831" }, { "contents": "William I of Cagliari\n\n\nhis death. Allegedly, he was a man of some culture, as he was in reportedly in contact with the Provençal troubadours Peire de la Caravana and Peire Vidal, likely to contract their services on behalf of his wealthy patrons. He was the son of Giorgia, daughter of Constantine II of Cagliari, and Obert, Margrave of Massa. He was a brother of William, Margrave of Massa. His paternal relatives were a branch of the Obertenghi who ruled Massa Lunense from the 11th century. Constantine II's eldest daughter married", "id": "6352696" }, { "contents": "Peire de Valeira\n\n\n.\" Peire's entire \"vida\", found in MSS \"I\" and \"K\", however, is probably unreliable, since it appears to confuse him with another Gascon troubadour, Arnaut de Tintinhac. Peire is often placed in a hypothetical \"school\" of poetry which includes Bernart de Ventadorn, Cercamon, Jaufre Rudel, Marcabru, Marcoat, and Peire Rogier among others. Further, the references in his \"vida\" to songs of the time concerning leaves, flowers, songs, and birds may be evidence", "id": "18999209" }, { "contents": "Bertran de Gourdon\n\n\n. Bertran surrendered promptly to the Crusaders under Simon de Montfort in May 1218 and did homage to Simon for his lands. Bertran wrote a comic \"tenso\", that is poetical debate, with Peire Raimon de Tolosa, now known by the incipit \"Totz tos afars es nienz\". It was dated to before 1211 by Joseph Anglade on the basis that Bertran was probably not at odds with his fellow southern barons yet if he was, as Anglade, suspects, playing host and patron to Peire Raimon, who had just", "id": "17663226" }, { "contents": "Peire de la Mula\n\n\npoet named only \"Mola\" who exchanged some verses with Guilhem Raimon. He may be the same individual as Peire de la Mula, but he has also been identified with the \"joglars\" Tremoleta. One of Peire's surviving couplets, \"Ia de razon no.m cal metr'en pantais\", can be dated to before 1185 on the basis of a reference to \"Androin\"(\"e\"), that is, Andronicus I Comnenus, who died that year. It was a screed against the young and rich. Peire's other couplet", "id": "13683550" }, { "contents": "Peire Raimon de Tolosa\n\n\n, and a certain \"Count Raymond\", which could refer to either Raymond V of Toulouse or, more probably, Raymond VI. He also spent time in Italy (Lombardy and Piedmont), at the courts of Thomas I of Savoy, Guglielmo Malaspina, and Azzo VI of Este. Azzo's daughter Beatriz was the addressee of one of Peire's poems. Eventually Peire settled down with a wife in Pamiers and there he died. Peire was reputed as a singer and composer of \"cansos\". His work is", "id": "19379364" }, { "contents": "Peire Vidal\n\n\n\" is probably reliable. It says that he \"was from Toulouse, the son of a furrier\": \"si fo de Tolosa, fils d'un pelissier\". The fur and leather industry was well established in Toulouse, near the church of Saint Pierre des Cuisines, in the twelfth century. Peire started his career, along with the troubadour Bernart Durfort, at the court of Count Raymond V of Toulouse around 1176. He continued there until 1190, when he left to seek another patron after quarrelling with the count.", "id": "7150830" }, { "contents": "Guilhem Peire Cazals de Caortz\n\n\nGuilhem Peire Cazals de Caortz or Guilhem Peire de Cazals was a troubadour of the first half of the thirteenth century. He was born or lived in Cahors, Quercy, from which his name \"de Caortz\". Eleven of his works, including one \"tenso\", survive. The only sure way to date Guilhem Peire's life and work is by his \"tenso\" with Bernart de la Barta, who was alive in 1229, and by a \"sirventes\" of Guilhem Figueira, \"Un nou sirventes ai en", "id": "12553937" }, { "contents": "Peire Vidal\n\n\nof Castile at Toledo in 1195 and intermittently thereafter until 1201. He also stayed for a time at the court of King Alfonso IX of León, where the Galician–Portuguese lyric was favoured over the Occitan. Among Peire's many lesser patrons were Lord William VIII of Montpellier and his wife, the Byzantine princess Eudokia Komnene. (William was both a vassal of Peter II and his father-in-law.) Peire attended the Aragonese court during some of its visits to Narbonne, but although the ruling viscountess of that", "id": "7150832" }, { "contents": "Peire de la Mula\n\n\nPeire (or Pietro) de la Mula (\"fl. c.\" 1200) was an Italian troubadour. Of his writings a pair of couplets and one \"sirventes\" are all that survive. According to his \"vida\", he was a \"joglars\" and \"trobaire\" (troubadour) who stayed for a long time in Montferrat, Cortemilia, and the Piedmont at the court of Ottone del Carretto (fl. 1190–1233). This places Peire's activity before 1209, when Ottone lost Cortemilia. It has", "id": "13683548" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nsupposition, based on where the biographer and compiler Miquel de la Tor was active. Three of Peire's songs have surviving melodies, but two (for a \"canso\" and a \"sirventes\") were composed by others: Guiraut de Bornelh and Raimon Jordan respectively. Like many of his contemporary troubadours, Peire merely composed \"contrafacta\". The third, for \"Un sirventesc novel vuelh comensar\", may be Peire's own work. It is similar to the borrowed melody of Guiraut de Bornelh, mostly syllabic with", "id": "4006805" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\nas the \"Petrus d'Alvengue\" and \"Petrus de Alvernia\" who appear in surviving documents from Montpellier dated to the year 1148. Peire appears to have cultivated the favour of the ruling family of the Crown of Aragon, and his poems contain allusions to the counts of Barcelona and Provence. Perhaps he was following the fashion of the lords of Montpellier of his time, who, though vassals of the Count of Toulouse, were partial to the Aragonese. At the same time Peire did garner the support of Raymond V of Toulouse", "id": "6558330" }, { "contents": "Peire de Maensac\n\n\nPeire de Maensac was an Auvergnat knight and troubadour. He was from Maensac (either Mauzat, Manzat or Mainsat) in the lands of Dalfi d'Alvernha. He came from the petty nobility. His brother Austor or Austors was also a troubadour, but none of his works survives. According to Peire's \"vida\" the brothers agreed that one of them would \"have the castle\" (i.e. inherit) and the other would be the \"inventor\" (i.e. troubadour). Peire became the troubadour. He wrote poems dedicated", "id": "6679234" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nworldly deeds might be seen as \"piggish\".) Peire subsequently travelled widely, visiting the courts of Auvergne, Les Baux, Foix, Rodez, and Vienne. He may have even ventured into Spain and met Alfonso X of Castile, and James I of Aragon, although he never mentions the latter by name in his poems. (James is however of course mentioned in Peire's \"vida\".) During his travels Peire was accompanied by a suite of jongleurs, some of whom receive mention by name in his", "id": "4006798" }, { "contents": "Peire Raimon de Tolosa\n\n\ncharacterised by themes of nature. His style was hermetic. He imitated the troubadours Cadenet and Arnaut Daniel and was in turn imitated by Bertran de Born, especially as regards his use of natural imagery. Bertran went so far as to copy almost a whole stanza from Peire's \"No.m puesc sofrir d'una leu chanso faire.\" In \"Us noels pessamens\", Peire even anticipates the Tuscan poet Dante Alighieri. Peire is complaining about a mistress who first beckoned him and then broke her promise to him when he says: Peire", "id": "19379365" }, { "contents": "Aimeric de Belenoi\n\n\nwhere he probably had contact with Aimeric de Pegulhan, Albertet de Sestaro, Guillem Augier Novella and Peirol. He may also have made the acquaintance of Peire Cardenal. Aimeric went to Castile before making his final trip to Catalonia. His last datable work was \"Nulhs hom en res no falh\", a \"planh\" for Nuño Sánchez, who died in 1242. This \"planh\" was addressed to the \"comtessa Beatris\", wife of Raymond Berengar IV of Provence, and \"senher N'Imo\", her brother Aimone", "id": "15990226" }, { "contents": "Peire Bremon Ricas Novas\n\n\nproensal\", with its reference to \"us Provençals\". Peire's first datable work is a \"tenso\" written at the court of Raymond Berengar IV of Provence in 1230 with Gui de Cavalhon. At the court of Provence Peire also met Bertran d'Alamanon and Sordello, whose \"planh\" for Blacatz he imitated. Peire left the court of Raymond Berengar sometime in or after 1237 and went to that of Barral of Baux and thence to that of Raymond VII of Toulouse. Though there is no record of his having visited", "id": "12717295" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nsecond stanza Peire mentions Peter's success in the Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa; in the third he alludes to the sacking of Béziers (whose count Raymond Roger Trencavel was supposed to have been Peter's vassal): at Béziers the poorer soldiers of the Inquisition were flogged by the wealthier, and this is the theme of the stanza. Peire's mention of the court of Constantine may also again evoke the divorce proceedings of Peter and Marie where Peire ultimately lost. Peire later alludes to the death of someone (perhaps a", "id": "4006796" }, { "contents": "Elias de Barjols\n\n\naffability\" of Giraut IV Trencaleon d'Armagnac, the \"generosity\" of Randon (a lord of this name died before 1219, when he is mentioned in the testament of his son-in-law; he was the nephew of the troubadour Garin lo Brun), the \"good responses\" of Dalfi d'Alvernha, the \"wits\" of \"Peir cui es Monleos\" (maybe the troubadour Peire de Gavaret), the \"chivalry\" of Brian, the \"wisdom\" of Bertran, the \"courtesy\" of a", "id": "20595774" }, { "contents": "Peire Guilhem de Luserna\n\n\nPeire Guilhem de Luserna () was a Piedmontese troubadour. Peire's identity as an Italian has been up for debate since the 19th century. \"Luserna\" more probably refers to Luserna in the Piedmont, rich and populous in Peire’s time, a town on the left bank of the Pellice lying on the road into the Viennois and Dauphiné, Occitan-speaking territories. On the other hand, it may be Lusarne (\"Luserna\" in Italian) in the Leberon valley in Provence, on the road between Reillane in", "id": "10437582" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nPeire del Puei, li trobador\" with Aimeric de Pegulhan. At Raymond's court also perhaps, probably in 1213, Peire composed a \"sirventes\", \"Las amairitz, qui encolpar las vol\", which may have encouraged Peter II of Aragon to help Toulouse in the Battle of Muret, where Peter died. In this \"sirventes\" Peire alludes first perhaps to the accusations of adultery that Peter had leveled against Peter's wife Maria of Montpellier but also perhaps to the various changes in law governing women. In the", "id": "4006795" }, { "contents": "Peire Lunel de Montech\n\n\nPeire Lunel de Montech (fl. 1326–1384), also known as Cavalier Lunel or Peire de Lunel, was a lawyer, politician and author of Toulouse. His name indicates he was a knight (\"cavalier\" in Occitan) from Montech. In his youth he was a troubadour. A \"canso\", a Crusading song, a \"sirventes\", an \"ensenhamen\" and some moralising \"coblas esparsas\" survive of his work. The Crusading song is dated to around 1326. It is a critique of King", "id": "11493706" }, { "contents": "Ermengarde, Viscountess of Narbonne\n\n\nthe langue d'oïl in the north. She corresponded with many troubadours, including Peire Rogier, Giraut de Bornelh, Peire d'Alvergne, Pons d'Ortafa, and Salh d'Escola, as well as the trobairitz Azalais de Porcairagues. In addition it is believed that she welcomed to her court Rognvald II of Orkney, a Viking prince that became a saint, and poet, who composed skaldic poetry for her. Without issue after two unhappy marriages, Ermengarde designated as heir Pedro Manrique de Lara -the second but eldest surviving son of her half-sister", "id": "17254566" }, { "contents": "Peire de Corbiac\n\n\nPeire de Corbiac or Corbian was a Gascon cleric and troubadour of the thirteenth century. His most famous works are a religious piece, the \"Prière à la Vierge\" (prayer to the Virgin), and his \"treasures\", \"Lo tezaurs\" (c. 1225). Peire was born at Corbiac near Bordeaux to a poor family. He was educated at Orléans in the Scholastic tradition. His nephew was the troubadour Aimeric de Belenoi, whose \"vida\" refers to him as \"maestre\" (master, teacher", "id": "15078720" }, { "contents": "Peire de la Caravana\n\n\nGermany]br In saying: \"Brother, watz!\"br The sound of which as much resemblesbr Dogs barking. The German word \"watz\" is said to be an interjection resembling the clinking of glasses and proposes a toast. Peire also had ties to Sardinia. He dedicated his \"D'un serventes faire\" to a \"senhal Malgrat de toz\", which has been identified as Barisone II of Arborea, who was crowned King of Sardinia at Pavia by the Emperor Frederick I in return for 4,000 silver marks from Genoa, but was later deposed", "id": "20349652" }, { "contents": "Pere de Montsó\n\n\n. If Pattison's reconstruction of events surrounding Peire d'Alvernhe's satire is correct, however, Pere de Montsó was attached to the Spanish entourage (possibly as a jongleur) of Eleanor, daughter of Henry II of England and fiancée of Alfonso VIII of Castile, who was travelling through Gascony on her way to Spain when she and her entourage were entertained by Peire's satire. Pattison suggest on the basis of this stanza that the troupe had also travelled through the lands of Toulouse and met in the presence of the Count, whose", "id": "11269399" }, { "contents": "Occitan literature\n\n\nof Ventadour's father was a servant, Peire Vidal's a maker of furred garments, Perdigon's a fisher. Others belonged to the bourgeoisie, Peire d'Alvernha, for example, Peire Raimon of Toulouse, and Elias Fonsalada. Likewise we see merchants' sons as troubadours; this was the case with Folquet of Marseille and Aimeric de Peguilhan. A great many were clerics, or at least studied for the Church, for instance, Arnaut de Mareuil, Uc de Saint Circ, Aimeric de Belenoi, Hugh Brunet, Peire Cardenal", "id": "11312613" }, { "contents": "Pere de Montsó\n\n\nPere de Montsó (fl. 1173), also Peire de Monzo(n), was an Aragonese troubadour, though none of his compositions survive. He was probably from Monzón near the border with Catalonia, but he may have hailed from Monzón de Campos in Castile, as Ramón Menéndez Pidal believed. He is the subject of the eighth stanza of a famous satire of twelve troubadours by Peire d'Alvernhe. This stanza has different readings: The verse is very unclear. The first reading suggests that Raymond V of Toulouse had heard Pere sing", "id": "11269398" }, { "contents": "Peire de Barjac\n\n\nPeire de Barjac was a Languedocian troubadour who flourished in the first half of the thirteenth century. He was a descendant of the troubadours Guillem de Randon and Garin lo Brun. Only one of poem that was certainly written by Peire survives: \"Tot francamen, domna, veing denan vos\". The rubric above the poem in the manuscript labels it a \"conjat\" and scholars have classified it as a \"mala canso\", or bad \"canso\". It is a song about leaving his lover. Many other songs", "id": "8049259" }, { "contents": "Pierre Roger de Cabaret\n\n\nPierre Roger de Cabaret (French) or Pèire Rogièr de Cabaret (Occitan) (fl. 13th century) was a military leader of the Occitan forces in the Albigensian Crusade. He inherited three hilltop castles near modern-day Lastours from his father. He was a patron of the troubadours, including Peire Vidal. He was a vassal of viscount Raymond Roger Trencavel, and was present with him during the siege of the castrum of Carcassonne in early stages of the Albigensian Crusade in 1209. Allegedly, Pierre-Roger advised Trencavel", "id": "11128862" }, { "contents": "Peire Raimon de Tolosa\n\n\nPeire Raimon de Tolosa (or Toloza; fl. 1180–1220) was a troubadour from the merchant class of Toulouse. He is variously referred to as \"lo Viellz\" (\"the Old\") and \"lo Gros\" (\"the Fat\"), though these are thought by some to refer to two different persons. On the other hand, \"lo Viellz\" could refer to his being of an early generation of troubadours. Eighteen of Peire Ramon's poems survive, one \"canso\" with a melody.", "id": "19379362" }, { "contents": "Peire Vidal\n\n\ncity, Ermengarde, was a notable patron of troubadours (like Azalais de Porcairagues) there is no indication that she patronised Peire or that he wrote songs for her. Peire was also associated with Raimon Jaufre Barral, viscount of Marseille and brother-in-law of Vierna. Barral's son-in-law, Hugh of Baux, was also a patron of Peire Vidal. The troubadour Blacatz, a relative of Hugh's and of modest wealth, was a patron. Peire Vidal is referenced in Ezra Pound's poem", "id": "7150833" }, { "contents": "Peire Guilhem de Luserna\n\n\nthe Basses-Alpes and Bastide-des-Jourdans. Peire was probably at the court of the Este beginning in 1221, during the reign of Azzo VII, husband of Giovanna, the object of one of Peire's songs. Sometime before arriving at Ferrara, Peire was probably at the court of Manfred III of Saluzzo. In 1220 Aimeric de Peguilhan, then at the Malaspina court, mentioned him in a poem—\"Ni un autre tirador / qu’eu no vuoill dir de Luserna\"—as being among a quintet of Occitan poets at Saluzzo: Peire", "id": "10437583" }, { "contents": "Gonzalo Ruiz\n\n\nthe 1170s. If Gonzalo Ruiz is de Azagra, it should be noted that his brother's daughter, Tota Pérez, was married to Diego López de Haro—with whom the lord of La Bureba had a connexion—who was a great patron of troubadours. Rigaut de Barbezill, Peire Vidal, and Aimeric de Pegulhan all spent time at his court, as did Rodrigo Díaz de los Cameros, his son-in-law, one of the earliest Galician-Portuguese troubadours. Riquer attaches the Castilian embassy in France circa", "id": "12361311" }, { "contents": "Peire de la Caravana\n\n\nPeire de la Caravana (also Cavarana, Gavarana, or Cà Varana, perhaps meaning \"near Verona\") was an Italian troubadour (\"trovatore\") in Lombardy in the late 12th and early 13th centuries. He was one of the earliest Occitan troubadours in Italy. He is famous for his \"sirventes\". Among his preserved works are the \"sirventes\" \"D'un serventes faire\" and \"La Paz de Costanza\". Peire wrote the first encouraging the communes of northern Italy to resist German overlorship, which has", "id": "20349649" }, { "contents": "Peire Rogier\n\n\nlong time. From Raimbaut's court he moved on to sojourn at that of Alfonso VIII of Castile, then that of Alfonso II of Aragon, and finally that of Raymond V of Toulouse, where he arrived circa 1170. According to his \"vida\", he became much esteemed as a troubadour through his travels, but there is no evidence otherwise for any movements in Spain, except perhaps the assembly of troubadours at the court of Aragon mentioned in a work of Peire d'Alvernhe (which need not have taken place).", "id": "1085906" }, { "contents": "Peire de Bussignac\n\n\nPeire de Bussignac, Bossinhac, or Bocinhac (fl. c. 1160) was a nobleman, cleric, and troubadour from the Périgord. He was probably from Bussignac in Hautefort, but possibly Boussignac in Tulle. He was, according to his \"vida\", \"from the castle of Bertran de Born\". Though his \"vida\" speaks of \"good \"sirventes\"\" to reproach ladies for bad behaviour and \"sirventes\" attacking Bertran, only one \"sirventes\" by Peire survives: \"Quan lo dous temps", "id": "6679237" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\nCastile sojourned at Puivert. If the above date is not accepted, it can be probably dated later than 1165—since Giraut de Borneill was only active from c.1170—and certainly before 1173, when Raimbaut d'Aurenga died. The Monge de Montaudon later composed a parody of Peire's satire, \"Pos Peire d'Alvernhl a chantat\". \"Chantarai d'aquest trobadors\" is near universally regarded today as playful parody and not as a work of serious literary or artistic criticism. The obscurity of most of the ridiculed poets and the attack upon such personal characteristics as", "id": "6558337" }, { "contents": "Arnaut de Tintinhac\n\n\nattitude towards encouraging courtly love he also resembles the early troubadours. Like other early Gascon troubadours, such as Peire de Valeira, he employed nature metaphors, as at the beginning of this song: The \"vida\" of Peire de Valeira seems to confuse its intended subject with Arnaut (at least at some points). It goes like this: Peire de Valeira was from Gascony, from the land of Lord Arnaut Guillem de Marsan. He was a minstrel at the very same time in which Marcabru lived, and he composed", "id": "12717977" }, { "contents": "Peire de Valeira\n\n\nPeire de Valeira, Valeria, or Valera (fl. early–mid twelfth century) was a Gascon troubadour. Since troubadour poetry probably originated in northwest Aquitaine (Poitou and Saintonge) and first spread—within a generation—south into Gascony, Peire was one of the earliest troubadours. Only two of his poems survive, one \"canso\" (\"Vezer volgra n'Ezelgarda\") and one \"cobla\" (\"Qui qu'Amors don son voler\"). His birthplace was Valera, near Podensac and Saint-Macaire in", "id": "18999206" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Ussel\n\n\nPeire d'Ussel or d'Uisel (\"Pèire d'Ussèl\" in modern Occitan; fl. c. 1200) was a Limousin troubadour, the middle of three brothers, castellans of the castle of Ussel-sur-Sarzonne, northeast of Ventadorn. His elder brother was Eble and his younger Gui, and he also had a cousin named Elias; all four were troubadours. According to Gui's \"vida\", Peire descanted his relatives’ songs. This should not be understood to imply that Peire was only a musician. One \"cobla", "id": "14026658" }, { "contents": "Peyre de Rius\n\n\nPeyre de Rius (\"fl.\"1344–86) was an Occitan troubadour from Foix. He wrote under the patronage of Gaston Phoebus, Count of Foix, and Peter the Ceremonious, King of Aragon. He is one of the few troubadours known by name who lived for a time at Peter's court in Barcelona. His name in standardised Occitan is \"Peire\" or \"Pèire\", in Catalan it is \"Pere\", and in modern French \"Pierre\". An obscure reference to a Pere Riu among some \"", "id": "16102630" }, { "contents": "Matfre Ermengau\n\n\n) of the work, \"Perilhos tractatz d'amor de donas, seguon qu'en han tractat li antic trobador en lurs cansos\", structured as a dialogue between the defenders Love and her critics, is filled with citations (266 by some counts) of other troubadours and even some trouvères; Matfre cited himself six (Jeanroy) or nine (Paden) times and cited his brother Peire twice. He was careful to cite poets from different eras, but his favourites appear to be Aimeric de Peguilhan, Bernart de Ventadorn, and Peire", "id": "4121404" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nhim to vernacular lyric poetry and he abandoned his career in the church for \"the vanity of this world\", according to his \"vida\". Peire began his career at the court of Raymond VI of Toulouse—from whom he sought patronage—and a document of 1204 refers to a \"Petrus Cardinalis\" as a scribe of Raymond's chancery. At Raymond's court, however, he appears to have been known as Peire del Puoi or Puei (). Around 1238 he wrote a \"partimen\" beginning \"", "id": "4006794" }, { "contents": "Peire de la Mula\n\n\n, \"Una leig vei d'escuoill\", was also an attack on minstrels (\"joglars\"), who, at his time, were bringing their \"insolence\" from across the Alps into the presence of the \"pros\" (powerful) of Italy. Peire refers in this work to both Breton (\"Bretz\") and Norman (\"Normans\") minstrels. Peire's only full-length work to survive, \"Dels joglars servir mi laisse\", is a \"sirventes joglaresc\", a \"sirventes", "id": "13683551" }, { "contents": "Sancha of Castile, Queen of Aragon\n\n\nSancha of Castile (21 September 1154/5 – 9 November 1208) was the only surviving child of King Alfonso VII of Castile by his second wife, Richeza of Poland. On January 18, 1174, she married King Alfonso II of Aragon at Zaragoza; they had at least eight children who survived into adulthood. A patroness of troubadours such as Giraud de Calanson and Peire Raymond, the queen became involved in a legal dispute with her husband concerning properties which formed part of her dower estates. In 1177 she entered the county of", "id": "21291157" }, { "contents": "Ottone del Carretto\n\n\nin 1217. He predeceased his father in 1228. His second son, Enrico (Henry), married Beatrice, daughter of Boniface I of Montferrat. A third son, Manfredo (Manfred), is only attested in one document of 1242 in the \"Codex Astensis\". Ottone was a patron of several troubadours, composers of Old Occitan lyric poetry. He is prominent in the \"vida\" (short vernacular biography) of Peire de la Mula. In one manuscript his name is given as \"miser N'Ot del Carret", "id": "18951554" }, { "contents": "Peire de Barjac\n\n\nare attributed to multiple troubadours in the manuscripts. Some attributed to Peire are also attributed to Peire de Bussignac, Berenguier de Palazol, Elias de Barjols, Guillem de la Tor, Pons de Capdoill and Uc de Saint Circ; yet few of these other attributions are reliable. One song attributed to Peire in one manuscript is unattributed in another. Stronski argues that the attribution to Elias de Barjols was an emendation by the scribe confronted with the unfamiliar name Peire de Barjac. Napolski considered the attribution to Pons de Capdoill dubious. Alfred", "id": "8049260" }, { "contents": "Uc de Lescura\n\n\nUc de Lescura or de l'Escura (fl. 1190–1204) was a minor troubadour. The \"Lescura\" of his birth is unknown. There is a Lescurre in Ariège, Aveyron, and Tarn. Based on references in his work, historian Alfred Adler placed him at the court of Alfonso VIII of Castile (whom he calls \"emperor\") and in Catalonia. Uc's only existing work is a \"sirventes\", \"De mots ricos no tem Peire Vidal\", that begins with a \"gab\" proclaiming his", "id": "7146555" }, { "contents": "Peire de Montagut\n\n\nPeire de Montagut (? – 28 January 1232) was Grand Master of the Knights Templar from 1218 to 1232. He took part in the Fifth Crusade and was against the Sultan of Egypt's conditions for raising the siege of Damietta. He was previously Master of the Crown of Aragon. A close friend of Guillaume de Chartres, it was most likely the trust the previous Grand Master had in him which meant he himself was elected so quickly in 1218. At the same time, the Grand Master of the Knights Hospitaller was", "id": "11505219" }, { "contents": "Alfonso II of Aragon\n\n\ntaking a lover who is richer than herself. The debate had been begun by Guilhem de Saint-Leidier and was taken up by Azalais de Porcairagues and Raimbaut of Orange; there was also a \"partimen\" on the topic between Dalfi d'Alvernha and Perdigon. Alfonso and his love affairs are mentioned in poems by many troubadours, including Guillem de Berguedà (who criticized his dealings with Azalais of Toulouse) and Peire Vidal, who commended Alfonso's decision to marry Sancha rather than Eudokia Komnene that he had preferred a poor Castilian maid", "id": "20647088" }, { "contents": "Peire de Ladils\n\n\nPeire de Ladils de Bazas (; fl. 1325–1355) was a Gascon troubadour associated with the Consistori del Gay Saber in Toulouse. He was from Bazas in the Gironde and he served as advocate for the Cathédrale Saint-Jean-Baptiste. His surviving work comprises four \"cansos\", three \"dansas\", and two \"partimens\". In 1340 he composed a political \"partimen\" with Raimon de Cornet. He, and presumably Raimon also, was apparently well-read in the romantic literature of his time. His", "id": "11791403" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\nspirited courtly love\") he is the only troubadour to ever use the term \"courtly love\". Marcabrunian influence can be seen here too. In a later Crusade song, Peire defended Marcabru's abandonment of the \"carnal amar\". He advocates \"gran sabers ni purs\" (\"great and pure wisdom\") through \"bon'amor\" (\"good love\"). Along with Bernart Marti, Bernart de Venzac, and Gavaudan, Peire was part of a \"Marcabrunian school\". Nonetheless, as mentioned above", "id": "6558333" }, { "contents": "Guilhem Peire Cazals de Caortz\n\n\ncor que trameta\", composed in 1240, which mirrors \"D'una leu chanso ai cor que m'entremeta\", a \"canso\" by Guilhem Peire, in metre and rhyme and therefore gives a \"terminus ante quem\" for the \"tenso\"'s composition. Nine of Guilhem Peire's poems are dedicated to a certain friend and jongleur known only by the affectionate \"senhal\" \"Ardit\". Generally he wrote in the trobar ric genre, and in his \"leu chanso\" (\"canso\" in the trobar leu", "id": "12553938" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\n. The author of his \"vida\", editorialising, considers his poems to have been the greatest until Giraut de Borneill and his melodies to have been the best ever. The anonymous biographer records that his information about Peire's later years comes from Dalfi d'Alvernha. It has been suggested that Dalfi was the author of the \"vida\". According to an accusation of fellow troubadour Bernart Marti, Peire entered upon a religious life early, but quit Holy Orders for a life of itinerant minstrelsy. He may be the same person", "id": "6558329" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nan opponent of Christianity or even the Crusades. In \"Totz lo mons es vestitiz et abrazatz\" he urged Philip III of France, who had recently succeeded his father, Louis IX, who died in 1270 on the failed Eighth Crusade, to go to the aid of Edward Longshanks, then on the Ninth Crusade in Syria. Near the end of the \"sirventes\", \"Ab votz d'angel, lengu' esperta, non bleza\", composed as noted probably around 1229, Peire's words, \"[s]'ieu fos", "id": "4006802" }, { "contents": "Albert Malaspina\n\n\nAlbert Malaspina (1160/1165–1206/1212), called Alberto Moro (\"the Moor\") and \"lo marches putanier\" (\"the whoring marquess\"), was a member of the illustrious Malaspina family. He was a noted troubadour and patron of troubadours. Albert disputes with Peire de la Caravana the position of earliest native Italian troubadour. He was a son of Obizzo I the Great and husband of a daughter of William V of Montferrat. His brother-in-law Boniface I of Montferrat and his nephews Corrado (Conrad)", "id": "17471547" }, { "contents": "Peire de Corbiac\n\n\n) and Peire elsewhere calls himself \"maistre\". Certainly Peire's \"Tezaur\" is didactic in nature: his purpose in writing was to convince the wise that though he was poor in material terms he was richer still. Composed in 840 alexandrines, the \"Tezaur\" is an encyclopaedic compilation of all that the troubadour knew. The work displays a great breadth of knowledge. He expends 547 lines narrating the chief events of the Old and New Testaments, then discusses the seven liberal arts, medicine, surgery, necromancy,", "id": "15078721" }, { "contents": "Peire de Valeira\n\n\nfor an early troubadour genre which did not survive. It may also be that the distinctiveness of Peire's genre was regional, a Gascon style. The later Gascon troubadour Guiraut de Calanso wrote verses that were \"d'aquella saison\" (\"of that time\") and disliked in Provence, perhaps pointing to a Gascon tradition (or \"literary fad\") which was not popular outside of \"Gascoigna\" (Gascony). The \"paubra valor\" (\"poor value\") of Peire's songs may be a reflection", "id": "18999210" }, { "contents": "Henry II of Rodez\n\n\nHenry II (Occitan: \"Enric II de Rodés\") (c. 1236–1304), of the House of Millau, was the Count of Rodez and Viscount of Carlat from 1274 until his death. He was the son of Hugh IV of Rodez and Isabeau de Roquefeuil. Henry II was a troubadour and patron of troubadours. He composed six poems that survive: four \"tensos\" and two \"partimens\" (alternatively five \"torneyamens\"). His short \"vida\" records an exchange of couplets between \"lo coms", "id": "16712769" }, { "contents": "Peire Bremon lo Tort\n\n\nPeire Bremon lo Tort (or Bremonz lo Tortz) (\"fl.\" 1177) was a troubadour from the Viennois. Though only two of his pieces (both love songs) survive, his poetry is characterised by Francoprovençalisms. According to his short \"vida\", he was \"honoured by all the notable men.\" Peire Bremon has been identified with the Petrus Bermudi and Peire Bremont found in documents of 1160 pertaining to the Dauphiné. He is possibly the same person as the Peire Bremon related to the Counts of", "id": "16694577" }, { "contents": "Bernart Marti\n\n\nBernart Marti was a troubadour, composing poems and satires in Occitan, in the mid twelfth century. They show that he was influenced by his contemporaries Marcabru and knew Peire d'Alvernha, whom, in one poem, he accused of abandoning holy orders. Along with Peire, Gavaudan, and Bernart de Venzac he is sometimes placed in a hypothetical Marcabrunian school. His work is \"enigmatic, ironic, and satiric\", but has no following among later troubadours, according to Gaunt and Kay. Nine or ten of Marti's poems", "id": "14690002" }, { "contents": "Occitan literature\n\n\nthe part he is said to have played both by his sword and his sirveniescs in the struggle between Henry II of England and his rebel sons, though the importance of his part in the events of the time seems to have been greatly exaggerated; Peire Vidal of Toulouse, a poet of varied inspiration who grew rich with gifts bestowed on him by the greatest nobles of his time; Guiraut de Borneil, \"lo macsire dels trobadors\", and at any rate master in the art of the so-called close style (", "id": "11312610" }, { "contents": "Peire de Maensac\n\n\nto the (unnamed) wife of Bernart de Tierci. According to his \"vida\" he sang so much to her that she eventually allowed herself to be \"abducted\" by him. He fled with her to the castle of Dalf d'Alvernha, but her husband waged a \"great war\" to bring her back. Dalfi reputedly defended the castle so well that Bernart was unable to ever reclaim her. Peire was called a \"pleasant companion\" by his biographer. He wrote mostly \"cansos\" of courtly love with \"", "id": "6679235" }, { "contents": "Aimerico Manrique de Lara\n\n\ndefend the rights of the viscounts of Narbonne, recognising the rights of Aimeric at the same time. In early 1176, Ermengarda to retired to the monastery of Fontfroide, leaving the reins of government in Narbonne in Aimeric's hands. Aimeric died on 14 October 1177. Raymond V recovered his rights in Narbonne and his ducal title. Peire Rogier, a troubadour who frequented Ermengarda's court, addressed a poem to the viscountess and Aimeric. It is one of Peire's few datable works, coming between the years of Aimeric's", "id": "7254812" }, { "contents": "Guilhem d'Anduza\n\n\nGuilhem d'Anduza (fl. 1244–81) was a minor troubadour active in the middle of the thirteenth century. He belonged to the family of the lords of Anduze, who were patrons of several other troubadours. He was the eldest son of Peire Bremon VII, the last lord of Anduze and Sauve, and Josserande de Poitiers. Most of his father's lands were confiscated for rebellion in 1244. Guilhem acquired the barony of Olargues through marriage and inherited Hierle on his father's death in 1254. His petition to recover Anduze and", "id": "15667365" }, { "contents": "Guillem de Ribes\n\n\nof Miralpeix (now part of Sitges), held by one of his vassals, when it came under siege by two rivals, Berenguer de Castellet and Eymerich de Espiells. The castle was taken in an assault and partially destroyed. In a lawsuit brought against Guillem in the early 1200s, it was alleged that he had deliberately impeded the defence of the castle to his own benefit. He was succeeded by his nephew, Ponç II. The troubadour Peire d'Alvernhe composed a song satirizing twelve contemporary troubadours. It was probably first performed", "id": "10989340" }, { "contents": "Peire Guillem de Tolosa\n\n\nPeire Guillem (or Guilhem) de Tolosa was a 13th-century troubadour from Toulouse. Only one \"sirventes\" he wrote (\"En Sordel, que us es semblan\"), a \"tenso\" with the contemporary Italian poet Sordello, survives. According to his \"vida\" he was a courtly man who loved high society. The author of the \"vida\" also expresses admiration for his couplets but bewails the excessive number he composed, though so few of his works survive to this day. He was also", "id": "15990053" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\ncan detect the moralising influence of Marcabru, with whom in whose old age he was possibly acquainted. One of Marcabru's late songs is a satire of an early one by Peire d'Alvernhe. Marcabru's complexity was also imparted to Peire. On the topic of courtly love, Peire, who had abandoned the religious life early, came to abandon the claims of \"fin'amor\" (\"fine love\") later. When Peire espouses love of the Holy Ghost over \"cortez' amors de bon aire\" (\"well-", "id": "6558332" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\nthem and beg their mercy.\" By far, however, Peire's most famous work is \"Chantarai d'aquest trobadors\", a \"sirventes\" written at Puivert (\"Puoich-vert\") in which he ridicules twelve contemporary troubadours (\"a poetical gallery\") and praises himself. It has been conjectured that this piece was first performed in the presence of all twelve of the ridiculed poets in late Summer 1170 while an embassy bringing Eleanor, daughter of Henry II of England, to her Spanish goorm Alfonso VIII of", "id": "6558336" }, { "contents": "Peire de la Caravana\n\n\nbeen dated to as early as 1157. However, Peire incites the Lombard cities by harkening back to the fate of the baronage of Apulia who had resisted the Germans earlier: \"Lombart, beus gardazbr \"Que ja non siazbr \"Pejer que compraz,br \"Si ferm non estaz!br \"De Pulla'us sovegnabr \"Dels valens barosbr \"Qu'il non an que pegnabr \"For de lor maisos;br \"Gardaz non devegnabr \"Autretal de vos! This has led some to date it to 1194, when Henry VI conquered Sicily or as late", "id": "20349650" }, { "contents": "Marcoat\n\n\nMarcoat was a minor Gascon troubadour and joglar who flourished in the mid twelfth century. He is often cited in connexion with Eleanor of Aquitaine and is placed in a hypothetical \"school\" of poetry which includes Bernart de Ventadorn, Marcabru, Cercamon, Jaufre Rudel, Peire Rogier, and Peire de Valeria among others. Of all his works, only two \"sirventes\" survive: \"Mentre m'obri eis huisel\" and \"Una re.us dirai, en Serra\". Marcoat was an innovator building off the work of the contemporary Gascon", "id": "10485658" }, { "contents": "Gonzalo Ruiz\n\n\nmarry Alfonso VIII of Castile, then the identification of Guossalbo Roitz with Gonzalo Ruiz of Bureba becomes probable. Peire has this to say about his eleventh \"victim\" in lines 67 to 72: Peire is making fun of Gonzalo's well-known military career. In fact, Peire may have learned about Gonzalo on a trip he made to Castile in the spring of 1158. If he did not meet Gonzalo at the Castilian court, where Gonzalo undoubtedly was between January and February, then he may have met him at the", "id": "12361307" }, { "contents": "Peire Bremon lo Tort\n\n\nToulouse in a stanza of Peire d'Alvernhe's satire of contemporary troubadours. \"Peire Bremon\" was not a rare name and it was shared by the later troubadour, sometimes erroneously identified with lo Tort (whose nickname means \"the Wrong\"), Peire Bremon Ricas Novas. Peire's earlier poem, \"Mei oill an gran manentia\", was written as the troubadour prepared to depart from Syria, where he had been staying. He left behind a beloved \"domna\" (lady), whom he celebrated in the poem", "id": "16694578" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nabout the nuns may have additional significance. His tone changes after this and his closing lines suggest though that all this is a miracle from the \"saintly fathers\", suggesting his acceptance of things: Cardenal.org says that some have interpreted these lines as suggesting that Peire married at this time. By the end of his life he appears reconciled to the new \"modus vivendi\" in southern France. He died at an advanced age (allegedly one hundred years old) possibly either in Montpellier or Nimes, but this is only a", "id": "4006804" }, { "contents": "Peire Vidal\n\n\nPeire Vidal (born mid-12th century) was an Old Occitan troubadour. Forty-five of his songs are extant. The twelve that still have melodies bear testament to the deserved nature of his musical reputation. There is no contemporary reference to Peire outside of his works of poetry. His \"vida\" (a short Occitan biography)—composed about fifty years after his death—and two \"razos\" (short commentaries on specific poems) are probably fictionalised works built on episodes from his poems. Only the opening line of the \"vida", "id": "7150829" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\ndaughter or perhaps Peire's wife Marie) and then apparently to the couple's son James I of Aragon, born at Candlemas, according to James's Chronicle. It's not clear who the \"crois hom\" or \"dreadful man\" is in the final couplet, whose deeds are \"piggish\": Peire has really never addressed anyone in this verse but Peter II and those close to him. (But dualism had by then made its way into some of the local religious views of Medieval Languedoc: in dualist philosophy", "id": "4006797" }, { "contents": "Guillem de Balaun\n\n\nVierneta when he next returned to see Guilhelma. After a long time he returned, did reconcile Peire and Vierneta, and gave Peire more joy than he had felt even when he first won his lady. In order to test whether or not the joy of recovering a lady was greater than that of winning her, Guillem acted as though he were very angry with her. He ceased to discuss her or hear her discussed, to send her messages, or to visit her region. She sent him pleading messengers and letters of", "id": "21063206" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nmaritz\", \"if I were wed\", suggest that he is not yet wed. The verse which follows provides evidence in the view of some that Peire married: it first mocks the \"barrenness that bears fruit\" of the \"[beguinas\" (beguines, who may have sometimes been associated with the Dominicans; Hill and Bergin in 1973 said this was a reference to nuns of the Dominican Order). Throughout the verse of course Peire had been poking fun at the Dominican clergy, but the comment", "id": "4006803" }, { "contents": "Antide Boyer\n\n\nhis father, a potter. He spent four years at the minor seminary of Marseille, where he lost his faith in Christianity. He met Pierre Mazière at the seminary, who later wrote under the nom-de-plume Peire Simoun. He worked for the Chemins de fer de Paris à Lyon et à la Méditerranée (PLM), then at the La Ciotat shipyards, and then ran a wholesale oil and soap store with his first wife. He was one of the founders of the Bouches-du-Rhone Socialist", "id": "16118352" }, { "contents": "Peire de Valeira\n\n\nthe Gironde. His \"vida\" places his birthplace in the fief of Arnaut Guillem de Marsan, who was himself a troubadour. He was a contemporary of Marcabru and originally a jongleur. His poems were typical for the time, according to Uc de Saint Circ, the probable author of his \"vida\", being about natural objects (like leaves, flowers, and birds), but not of great value to the biographer's time. But Uc saves his harshest critique for the end, as Elizabeth Poe relates:", "id": "18999207" }, { "contents": "Troubadour\n\n\nNicoletto da Torino, Peire Raimon de Tolosa, Peire Rogier, Peire de Valeira, Peirol, Pistoleta, Perdigon, Salh d'Escola, Uc de la Bacalaria, Uc Brunet, and Uc de Saint Circ were jongleur-troubadours. A \"vida\" is a brief prose biography, written in Occitan, of a troubadour. The word \"vida\" means \"life\" in Occitan. In the chansonniers, the manuscript collections of medieval troubadour poetry, the works of a particular author are often accompanied by a short prose biography.", "id": "16794140" }, { "contents": "Peire de la Caravana\n\n\nas 1225, when the city-states of northern Italy renewed the old Lombard League in opposition to Henry's son, Frederick I of Sicily, Holy Roman Emperor. Writing in Lombardy in the Occitan tongue under the nominal sovereignty of the German monarch, Peire took the opportunity to poke fun at the German language, writing in a famously debated passage: \"Granoglas resembla\" [\"la gent d'Alemanha\"]br \"En dir\"(\"e\"): Broder, guaz;br \"Lairan, quant s'asemblabr \"Cum cans enrabjaz\".brbr Frogs resemble [the people of", "id": "20349651" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\n. In his wanderings he may have spent some time at Cortezon, at the court of the minor nobleman and troubadour Raimbaut d'Aurenga. Peire lived a long into old age, and performed penance before dying. Peire wrote mostly \"cansos\", which, as his \"vida\" points out, were called \"vers\" in his day. He also invented the \"pious song\" and wrote six such poems dealing with serious themes of religion, piety, and spirituality. Even in his more profane works, however, one", "id": "6558331" }, { "contents": "Raymond Pilet d'Alès\n\n\nRaymond Pilet (Raymond de Narbonnne-Pelet) (1075-1120), the only child of Bernard I Pilet of Narbonne and his wife, whose name is unknown. Seigneur of Alès. Bernard was the son of Raymond II, Viscount of Narbone from 1066 to 1067. The name “pelet” refers to a fur that the nobility wore over their cuirass and coats-of-arms. Raymond distinguished himself as a great warrior during the First Crusade. Many of the chroniclers of the Crusades, including William of Tyre", "id": "10100689" }, { "contents": "Dalfi d'Alvernha\n\n\nGuillemette de Comborn, Countess of Montferrand, daughter of Archambaud, Viscount of Comborn, and Jourdaine of Périgord. Their children were Aélis, Guillaume (William, later Count of Clermont), Blanche, and Alix. Troubadours who worked with Dalfi or sang at his court include Peirol, Perdigon, Peire de Maensac, Gaucelm Faidit, and Uc de Saint Circ; his cousin, bishop Robert of Clermont, exchanged satirical and erotic verses with him, as did Richard Coeur de Lion. One \"partimen\" between Dauphin and Perdigon", "id": "11683786" }, { "contents": "Troubadour\n\n\nwhose style seems to have fallen out of favour, was the \"Gascon school\" of Cercamon, Peire de Valeira, and Guiraut de Calanso. Cercamon was said by his biographer to have composed in the \"old style\" (\"la uzansa antiga\") and Guiraut's songs were \"d'aquella saison\" (\"of that time\"). This style of poetry seems to be attached to early troubadours from Gascony and was characterised by references to nature: leaves, flowers, birds, and their songs. This Gascon", "id": "16794155" }, { "contents": "Aimeric de Belenoi\n\n\nAimeric de Belenoi (fl. 1215–1242) was a Gascon troubadour. At least fifteen of his songs survived. Seven others were attributed to him in some medieval manuscripts. Aimeric was born in the castle of Lesparra in the Bordelais (\"metropolis civitas Burdigalensium\", the modern Gironde). His uncle was another troubadour, Peire de Corbiac. His \"vida\" says he was a cleric and later a jongleur before he took to \"inventing good songs, which were beautiful and charming.\" He apparently was the feudal lord", "id": "15990224" }, { "contents": "Jaufre de Pons\n\n\nis a \"partimen\" with Guiraut Riquier (\"Guiraut Riquier, diatz me,\" composed probably 1270 or 1280–1). Jaufre's part in the debate consists in asking plain youthful questions about love only to receive the bitter and experienced answers of Guiraut in proverbial form. Jaufre was probably the husband of Isabeau, daughter of Henry II of Rodez, a patron of troubadours. In 1292 he rendered homage to the lord of Châteauroux. Some scholars have suspected that there were more than one Jaufre de Pons (one from the", "id": "20235204" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\nthe \"trobar braus\" as a legitimate format for \"rough\" themes. One anonymous song of the Fifth Crusade, \"Lo Senhre que formet lo tro\", written between Spring 1213 and July 1214 has been attributed to Peire d'Alvernhe, but the dating makes that impossible. In a \"tenso\" between a Bernart (probably Bernart de Ventadorn) and an unnamed Peire, perhaps Peire d'Alvernhe, the latter argues that \"it is not becoming for ladies to make love-pleas; it is fitting that men plead with", "id": "6558335" }, { "contents": "Peire Guillem de Tolosa\n\n\nsaid to have composed \"sirventes joglarescs\", or \"sirventes\" in the manner of joglars, in order to criticise \"the barons\" (presumably the high noblesse). He also wrote a work criticising the prolific trouvère Theobald I of Navarre. The troubadour Bertran Carbonel twice mentions another troubadour by the initials P.G., possibly indicating Peire Guilhem. He mourns a certain P.G. in a \"planh\", where the initials probably stand in the manuscript for a full name, since three syllables would be required by the metre.", "id": "15990054" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\nappearance and manners has been cited in support of the view that the parody was done in the presence of all twelve victims, further supporting the conclusion that the parody was good-natured. Besides the criticism of a personal nature, many of the criticism launched by Peire allude to the works of the others, notably those of Bernart de Ventadorn and Raimbaut d'Aurenga. Peire's \"vida\" acclaimed him an accomplished singer and the greatest composer of melodies for verses yet known. Peire's famous \"Chantarai d'aquest trobadors\" contains a", "id": "6558338" }, { "contents": "Peire de Corbiac\n\n\ncentury before its appearance in Latin as \"contrapunctus\", today's counterpoint. The \"Tezaur\" had a lasting influence in the Late Middle Ages. The Jew Emanuele da Roma wrote the \"Ninth Meḥabbereth\", a Hebrew poem based on the \"Tesoretto\" of Brunetto Latini, itself based on the \"Tezaur\" of Peire. Peire was a religious man, as the dedicatory first verse of his \"Tezaur\" attests: it contains a dedication to Jesus and Mary and a statement of Trinitarian faith. His prayer to", "id": "15078723" }, { "contents": "Amanieu de Sescars\n\n\nSicily, and 1291, when he inherited Aragon. Amanieu's second didactic work, the \"Ensenhamen de la donsela\" can be dated between 1291 and 1295 by a reference to James as King of Aragon and to the ongoing War of the Sicilian Vespers. It is addressed to an unnamed \"donsela\" (young woman) and is designed to teach her how to behave in courtly society and how to be respected. Amanieu's poetry is definitely influenced by Peire Vidal and also possibly by Arnaut de Maruelh. The later troubadour", "id": "7359304" } ]

[ { "contents": "Peire Pelet\n\n\nPeire Pelet (died 1303) was the \"conseigneur\" of Alès in the Languedoc. He was married to Delfina (Delphine), a sister of Henry II of Rodez. He is the senher d'Alest (the lord of Alès) referred to as a participant in the \"torneyamen\" \"Senhe n'Enric, us reys un ric avar\" along with his brother-in-law Henry and the troubadour Guiraut Riquier. Peire was descended from a Raymond Pelet who took part in the First Crusade. His father was Bernard Pelet", "id": "9562337" }, { "contents": "Peire Pelet\n\n\n, who died in September 1252, leaving his entire heritage to his eldest son, William, under the tutelage of Bernard de Barre, Guillaume de Pontils, and Jean de Bossoles. In 1253 William, with his tutors and his younger brothers, including Peire, received the homage of their father's vassals: Hugues de Melet, Pierre de Spinasson, and many others, in the presence of Pierre Gaucelin, Bérenger de la Fare, Arnaud d'Arsac, and Pierre Gaucelin de Follaquier. On the death of William without heirs Peire", "id": "9562338" }, { "contents": "Peire Pelet\n\n\nsucceeded him. He married Delfina sometime before April 1276, when her brother released a sum of money left her by their father, Henry I: a hundred marks of silver or 5,000 \"sols tournois\". In 1274 James I of Aragon renounced the homage and oath of fealty owed by Peire for his fief since his great-great-grandfather, Bertrand Pelet, Count of Melgueil, had rendered it to James's grandfather, Alfonso II. Peire then began a war with Bérenger de Frédol, Bishop of Maguelonne, over", "id": "9562339" }, { "contents": "Peire Pelet\n\n\nthe county of Melgueil, which at that time was held by the bishop from the Papacy. In 1276 the combatants were brought before the episcopal court of the Archdiocese of Narbonne. Peire lost the case and was ordered to pay 1,000 \"livres\" in compensation. Joseph Angalde placed the aforementioned \"torneyamen\" around 1280–1, before the death of Peire, which he believed occurred in 1282; after the return of Riquier from Castile in 1279; and after the succession of Henry, who he believed was referred to as \"coms", "id": "9562340" }, { "contents": "Peire Raimon de Tolosa\n\n\nPeire Ramon's name (as \"Petrus Raimundus\") appears in two documents of Toulouse, dated to 1182 and 1214. According to his \"vida\", he became a jongleur and travelled to the court of Alfonso II of Aragon, who bestowed great honour on him. The earliest datable work by Peire Ramon is a \"planh\" written on the death of Henry the Young King in 1183. According to his \"vida\" Peire passed \"a long time\" at the courts of Alfonso, William VIII of Montpellier", "id": "19379363" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\npoetry. Among the other troubadours Peire encountered in his travels were Aimeric de Belenoi and Raimon de Miraval. He may have met Daude de Pradas and Guiraut Riquier at Rodez. Peire was influenced by Cadenet, whom he honoured in one of his pieces. He was possibly influenced by Bernart de Venzac. In his early days he was a vehement opponent of the French, the clergy and the Albigensian Crusade. In the \"sirventes\", \"Ab votz d'angel, lengu' esperta, non bleza\", dated by Hill and", "id": "4006799" }, { "contents": "Peire Vidal\n\n\nMany of his early poems were addressed to Vierna de Porcellet, a relative of the count's. In some poems Peire, Vierna and Raymond form a love triangle. From Toulouse Peire went to the court of King Alfonso II of Aragon, where he remained in good favour until the king's death in 1196. He continued to occasionally visit the court of Alfonso's son, Peter II In the rivalry between the rulers of Toulouse and Aragon, Peire took the side of Aragon. He visited the court of King Alfonso VIII", "id": "7150831" }, { "contents": "William I of Cagliari\n\n\nhis death. Allegedly, he was a man of some culture, as he was in reportedly in contact with the Provençal troubadours Peire de la Caravana and Peire Vidal, likely to contract their services on behalf of his wealthy patrons. He was the son of Giorgia, daughter of Constantine II of Cagliari, and Obert, Margrave of Massa. He was a brother of William, Margrave of Massa. His paternal relatives were a branch of the Obertenghi who ruled Massa Lunense from the 11th century. Constantine II's eldest daughter married", "id": "6352696" }, { "contents": "Peire de Valeira\n\n\n.\" Peire's entire \"vida\", found in MSS \"I\" and \"K\", however, is probably unreliable, since it appears to confuse him with another Gascon troubadour, Arnaut de Tintinhac. Peire is often placed in a hypothetical \"school\" of poetry which includes Bernart de Ventadorn, Cercamon, Jaufre Rudel, Marcabru, Marcoat, and Peire Rogier among others. Further, the references in his \"vida\" to songs of the time concerning leaves, flowers, songs, and birds may be evidence", "id": "18999209" }, { "contents": "Bertran de Gourdon\n\n\n. Bertran surrendered promptly to the Crusaders under Simon de Montfort in May 1218 and did homage to Simon for his lands. Bertran wrote a comic \"tenso\", that is poetical debate, with Peire Raimon de Tolosa, now known by the incipit \"Totz tos afars es nienz\". It was dated to before 1211 by Joseph Anglade on the basis that Bertran was probably not at odds with his fellow southern barons yet if he was, as Anglade, suspects, playing host and patron to Peire Raimon, who had just", "id": "17663226" }, { "contents": "Peire de la Mula\n\n\npoet named only \"Mola\" who exchanged some verses with Guilhem Raimon. He may be the same individual as Peire de la Mula, but he has also been identified with the \"joglars\" Tremoleta. One of Peire's surviving couplets, \"Ia de razon no.m cal metr'en pantais\", can be dated to before 1185 on the basis of a reference to \"Androin\"(\"e\"), that is, Andronicus I Comnenus, who died that year. It was a screed against the young and rich. Peire's other couplet", "id": "13683550" }, { "contents": "Peire Raimon de Tolosa\n\n\n, and a certain \"Count Raymond\", which could refer to either Raymond V of Toulouse or, more probably, Raymond VI. He also spent time in Italy (Lombardy and Piedmont), at the courts of Thomas I of Savoy, Guglielmo Malaspina, and Azzo VI of Este. Azzo's daughter Beatriz was the addressee of one of Peire's poems. Eventually Peire settled down with a wife in Pamiers and there he died. Peire was reputed as a singer and composer of \"cansos\". His work is", "id": "19379364" }, { "contents": "Peire Vidal\n\n\n\" is probably reliable. It says that he \"was from Toulouse, the son of a furrier\": \"si fo de Tolosa, fils d'un pelissier\". The fur and leather industry was well established in Toulouse, near the church of Saint Pierre des Cuisines, in the twelfth century. Peire started his career, along with the troubadour Bernart Durfort, at the court of Count Raymond V of Toulouse around 1176. He continued there until 1190, when he left to seek another patron after quarrelling with the count.", "id": "7150830" }, { "contents": "Guilhem Peire Cazals de Caortz\n\n\nGuilhem Peire Cazals de Caortz or Guilhem Peire de Cazals was a troubadour of the first half of the thirteenth century. He was born or lived in Cahors, Quercy, from which his name \"de Caortz\". Eleven of his works, including one \"tenso\", survive. The only sure way to date Guilhem Peire's life and work is by his \"tenso\" with Bernart de la Barta, who was alive in 1229, and by a \"sirventes\" of Guilhem Figueira, \"Un nou sirventes ai en", "id": "12553937" }, { "contents": "Peire Vidal\n\n\nof Castile at Toledo in 1195 and intermittently thereafter until 1201. He also stayed for a time at the court of King Alfonso IX of León, where the Galician–Portuguese lyric was favoured over the Occitan. Among Peire's many lesser patrons were Lord William VIII of Montpellier and his wife, the Byzantine princess Eudokia Komnene. (William was both a vassal of Peter II and his father-in-law.) Peire attended the Aragonese court during some of its visits to Narbonne, but although the ruling viscountess of that", "id": "7150832" }, { "contents": "Peire de la Mula\n\n\nPeire (or Pietro) de la Mula (\"fl. c.\" 1200) was an Italian troubadour. Of his writings a pair of couplets and one \"sirventes\" are all that survive. According to his \"vida\", he was a \"joglars\" and \"trobaire\" (troubadour) who stayed for a long time in Montferrat, Cortemilia, and the Piedmont at the court of Ottone del Carretto (fl. 1190–1233). This places Peire's activity before 1209, when Ottone lost Cortemilia. It has", "id": "13683548" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nsupposition, based on where the biographer and compiler Miquel de la Tor was active. Three of Peire's songs have surviving melodies, but two (for a \"canso\" and a \"sirventes\") were composed by others: Guiraut de Bornelh and Raimon Jordan respectively. Like many of his contemporary troubadours, Peire merely composed \"contrafacta\". The third, for \"Un sirventesc novel vuelh comensar\", may be Peire's own work. It is similar to the borrowed melody of Guiraut de Bornelh, mostly syllabic with", "id": "4006805" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\nas the \"Petrus d'Alvengue\" and \"Petrus de Alvernia\" who appear in surviving documents from Montpellier dated to the year 1148. Peire appears to have cultivated the favour of the ruling family of the Crown of Aragon, and his poems contain allusions to the counts of Barcelona and Provence. Perhaps he was following the fashion of the lords of Montpellier of his time, who, though vassals of the Count of Toulouse, were partial to the Aragonese. At the same time Peire did garner the support of Raymond V of Toulouse", "id": "6558330" }, { "contents": "Peire de Maensac\n\n\nPeire de Maensac was an Auvergnat knight and troubadour. He was from Maensac (either Mauzat, Manzat or Mainsat) in the lands of Dalfi d'Alvernha. He came from the petty nobility. His brother Austor or Austors was also a troubadour, but none of his works survives. According to Peire's \"vida\" the brothers agreed that one of them would \"have the castle\" (i.e. inherit) and the other would be the \"inventor\" (i.e. troubadour). Peire became the troubadour. He wrote poems dedicated", "id": "6679234" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nworldly deeds might be seen as \"piggish\".) Peire subsequently travelled widely, visiting the courts of Auvergne, Les Baux, Foix, Rodez, and Vienne. He may have even ventured into Spain and met Alfonso X of Castile, and James I of Aragon, although he never mentions the latter by name in his poems. (James is however of course mentioned in Peire's \"vida\".) During his travels Peire was accompanied by a suite of jongleurs, some of whom receive mention by name in his", "id": "4006798" }, { "contents": "Peire Raimon de Tolosa\n\n\ncharacterised by themes of nature. His style was hermetic. He imitated the troubadours Cadenet and Arnaut Daniel and was in turn imitated by Bertran de Born, especially as regards his use of natural imagery. Bertran went so far as to copy almost a whole stanza from Peire's \"No.m puesc sofrir d'una leu chanso faire.\" In \"Us noels pessamens\", Peire even anticipates the Tuscan poet Dante Alighieri. Peire is complaining about a mistress who first beckoned him and then broke her promise to him when he says: Peire", "id": "19379365" }, { "contents": "Aimeric de Belenoi\n\n\nwhere he probably had contact with Aimeric de Pegulhan, Albertet de Sestaro, Guillem Augier Novella and Peirol. He may also have made the acquaintance of Peire Cardenal. Aimeric went to Castile before making his final trip to Catalonia. His last datable work was \"Nulhs hom en res no falh\", a \"planh\" for Nuño Sánchez, who died in 1242. This \"planh\" was addressed to the \"comtessa Beatris\", wife of Raymond Berengar IV of Provence, and \"senher N'Imo\", her brother Aimone", "id": "15990226" }, { "contents": "Peire Bremon Ricas Novas\n\n\nproensal\", with its reference to \"us Provençals\". Peire's first datable work is a \"tenso\" written at the court of Raymond Berengar IV of Provence in 1230 with Gui de Cavalhon. At the court of Provence Peire also met Bertran d'Alamanon and Sordello, whose \"planh\" for Blacatz he imitated. Peire left the court of Raymond Berengar sometime in or after 1237 and went to that of Barral of Baux and thence to that of Raymond VII of Toulouse. Though there is no record of his having visited", "id": "12717295" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nsecond stanza Peire mentions Peter's success in the Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa; in the third he alludes to the sacking of Béziers (whose count Raymond Roger Trencavel was supposed to have been Peter's vassal): at Béziers the poorer soldiers of the Inquisition were flogged by the wealthier, and this is the theme of the stanza. Peire's mention of the court of Constantine may also again evoke the divorce proceedings of Peter and Marie where Peire ultimately lost. Peire later alludes to the death of someone (perhaps a", "id": "4006796" }, { "contents": "Elias de Barjols\n\n\naffability\" of Giraut IV Trencaleon d'Armagnac, the \"generosity\" of Randon (a lord of this name died before 1219, when he is mentioned in the testament of his son-in-law; he was the nephew of the troubadour Garin lo Brun), the \"good responses\" of Dalfi d'Alvernha, the \"wits\" of \"Peir cui es Monleos\" (maybe the troubadour Peire de Gavaret), the \"chivalry\" of Brian, the \"wisdom\" of Bertran, the \"courtesy\" of a", "id": "20595774" }, { "contents": "Peire Guilhem de Luserna\n\n\nPeire Guilhem de Luserna () was a Piedmontese troubadour. Peire's identity as an Italian has been up for debate since the 19th century. \"Luserna\" more probably refers to Luserna in the Piedmont, rich and populous in Peire’s time, a town on the left bank of the Pellice lying on the road into the Viennois and Dauphiné, Occitan-speaking territories. On the other hand, it may be Lusarne (\"Luserna\" in Italian) in the Leberon valley in Provence, on the road between Reillane in", "id": "10437582" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nPeire del Puei, li trobador\" with Aimeric de Pegulhan. At Raymond's court also perhaps, probably in 1213, Peire composed a \"sirventes\", \"Las amairitz, qui encolpar las vol\", which may have encouraged Peter II of Aragon to help Toulouse in the Battle of Muret, where Peter died. In this \"sirventes\" Peire alludes first perhaps to the accusations of adultery that Peter had leveled against Peter's wife Maria of Montpellier but also perhaps to the various changes in law governing women. In the", "id": "4006795" }, { "contents": "Peire Lunel de Montech\n\n\nPeire Lunel de Montech (fl. 1326–1384), also known as Cavalier Lunel or Peire de Lunel, was a lawyer, politician and author of Toulouse. His name indicates he was a knight (\"cavalier\" in Occitan) from Montech. In his youth he was a troubadour. A \"canso\", a Crusading song, a \"sirventes\", an \"ensenhamen\" and some moralising \"coblas esparsas\" survive of his work. The Crusading song is dated to around 1326. It is a critique of King", "id": "11493706" }, { "contents": "Ermengarde, Viscountess of Narbonne\n\n\nthe langue d'oïl in the north. She corresponded with many troubadours, including Peire Rogier, Giraut de Bornelh, Peire d'Alvergne, Pons d'Ortafa, and Salh d'Escola, as well as the trobairitz Azalais de Porcairagues. In addition it is believed that she welcomed to her court Rognvald II of Orkney, a Viking prince that became a saint, and poet, who composed skaldic poetry for her. Without issue after two unhappy marriages, Ermengarde designated as heir Pedro Manrique de Lara -the second but eldest surviving son of her half-sister", "id": "17254566" }, { "contents": "Peire de Corbiac\n\n\nPeire de Corbiac or Corbian was a Gascon cleric and troubadour of the thirteenth century. His most famous works are a religious piece, the \"Prière à la Vierge\" (prayer to the Virgin), and his \"treasures\", \"Lo tezaurs\" (c. 1225). Peire was born at Corbiac near Bordeaux to a poor family. He was educated at Orléans in the Scholastic tradition. His nephew was the troubadour Aimeric de Belenoi, whose \"vida\" refers to him as \"maestre\" (master, teacher", "id": "15078720" }, { "contents": "Peire de la Caravana\n\n\nGermany]br In saying: \"Brother, watz!\"br The sound of which as much resemblesbr Dogs barking. The German word \"watz\" is said to be an interjection resembling the clinking of glasses and proposes a toast. Peire also had ties to Sardinia. He dedicated his \"D'un serventes faire\" to a \"senhal Malgrat de toz\", which has been identified as Barisone II of Arborea, who was crowned King of Sardinia at Pavia by the Emperor Frederick I in return for 4,000 silver marks from Genoa, but was later deposed", "id": "20349652" }, { "contents": "Pere de Montsó\n\n\n. If Pattison's reconstruction of events surrounding Peire d'Alvernhe's satire is correct, however, Pere de Montsó was attached to the Spanish entourage (possibly as a jongleur) of Eleanor, daughter of Henry II of England and fiancée of Alfonso VIII of Castile, who was travelling through Gascony on her way to Spain when she and her entourage were entertained by Peire's satire. Pattison suggest on the basis of this stanza that the troupe had also travelled through the lands of Toulouse and met in the presence of the Count, whose", "id": "11269399" }, { "contents": "Occitan literature\n\n\nof Ventadour's father was a servant, Peire Vidal's a maker of furred garments, Perdigon's a fisher. Others belonged to the bourgeoisie, Peire d'Alvernha, for example, Peire Raimon of Toulouse, and Elias Fonsalada. Likewise we see merchants' sons as troubadours; this was the case with Folquet of Marseille and Aimeric de Peguilhan. A great many were clerics, or at least studied for the Church, for instance, Arnaut de Mareuil, Uc de Saint Circ, Aimeric de Belenoi, Hugh Brunet, Peire Cardenal", "id": "11312613" }, { "contents": "Pere de Montsó\n\n\nPere de Montsó (fl. 1173), also Peire de Monzo(n), was an Aragonese troubadour, though none of his compositions survive. He was probably from Monzón near the border with Catalonia, but he may have hailed from Monzón de Campos in Castile, as Ramón Menéndez Pidal believed. He is the subject of the eighth stanza of a famous satire of twelve troubadours by Peire d'Alvernhe. This stanza has different readings: The verse is very unclear. The first reading suggests that Raymond V of Toulouse had heard Pere sing", "id": "11269398" }, { "contents": "Peire de Barjac\n\n\nPeire de Barjac was a Languedocian troubadour who flourished in the first half of the thirteenth century. He was a descendant of the troubadours Guillem de Randon and Garin lo Brun. Only one of poem that was certainly written by Peire survives: \"Tot francamen, domna, veing denan vos\". The rubric above the poem in the manuscript labels it a \"conjat\" and scholars have classified it as a \"mala canso\", or bad \"canso\". It is a song about leaving his lover. Many other songs", "id": "8049259" }, { "contents": "Pierre Roger de Cabaret\n\n\nPierre Roger de Cabaret (French) or Pèire Rogièr de Cabaret (Occitan) (fl. 13th century) was a military leader of the Occitan forces in the Albigensian Crusade. He inherited three hilltop castles near modern-day Lastours from his father. He was a patron of the troubadours, including Peire Vidal. He was a vassal of viscount Raymond Roger Trencavel, and was present with him during the siege of the castrum of Carcassonne in early stages of the Albigensian Crusade in 1209. Allegedly, Pierre-Roger advised Trencavel", "id": "11128862" }, { "contents": "Peire Raimon de Tolosa\n\n\nPeire Raimon de Tolosa (or Toloza; fl. 1180–1220) was a troubadour from the merchant class of Toulouse. He is variously referred to as \"lo Viellz\" (\"the Old\") and \"lo Gros\" (\"the Fat\"), though these are thought by some to refer to two different persons. On the other hand, \"lo Viellz\" could refer to his being of an early generation of troubadours. Eighteen of Peire Ramon's poems survive, one \"canso\" with a melody.", "id": "19379362" }, { "contents": "Peire Vidal\n\n\ncity, Ermengarde, was a notable patron of troubadours (like Azalais de Porcairagues) there is no indication that she patronised Peire or that he wrote songs for her. Peire was also associated with Raimon Jaufre Barral, viscount of Marseille and brother-in-law of Vierna. Barral's son-in-law, Hugh of Baux, was also a patron of Peire Vidal. The troubadour Blacatz, a relative of Hugh's and of modest wealth, was a patron. Peire Vidal is referenced in Ezra Pound's poem", "id": "7150833" }, { "contents": "Peire Guilhem de Luserna\n\n\nthe Basses-Alpes and Bastide-des-Jourdans. Peire was probably at the court of the Este beginning in 1221, during the reign of Azzo VII, husband of Giovanna, the object of one of Peire's songs. Sometime before arriving at Ferrara, Peire was probably at the court of Manfred III of Saluzzo. In 1220 Aimeric de Peguilhan, then at the Malaspina court, mentioned him in a poem—\"Ni un autre tirador / qu’eu no vuoill dir de Luserna\"—as being among a quintet of Occitan poets at Saluzzo: Peire", "id": "10437583" }, { "contents": "Gonzalo Ruiz\n\n\nthe 1170s. If Gonzalo Ruiz is de Azagra, it should be noted that his brother's daughter, Tota Pérez, was married to Diego López de Haro—with whom the lord of La Bureba had a connexion—who was a great patron of troubadours. Rigaut de Barbezill, Peire Vidal, and Aimeric de Pegulhan all spent time at his court, as did Rodrigo Díaz de los Cameros, his son-in-law, one of the earliest Galician-Portuguese troubadours. Riquer attaches the Castilian embassy in France circa", "id": "12361311" }, { "contents": "Peire de la Caravana\n\n\nPeire de la Caravana (also Cavarana, Gavarana, or Cà Varana, perhaps meaning \"near Verona\") was an Italian troubadour (\"trovatore\") in Lombardy in the late 12th and early 13th centuries. He was one of the earliest Occitan troubadours in Italy. He is famous for his \"sirventes\". Among his preserved works are the \"sirventes\" \"D'un serventes faire\" and \"La Paz de Costanza\". Peire wrote the first encouraging the communes of northern Italy to resist German overlorship, which has", "id": "20349649" }, { "contents": "Peire Rogier\n\n\nlong time. From Raimbaut's court he moved on to sojourn at that of Alfonso VIII of Castile, then that of Alfonso II of Aragon, and finally that of Raymond V of Toulouse, where he arrived circa 1170. According to his \"vida\", he became much esteemed as a troubadour through his travels, but there is no evidence otherwise for any movements in Spain, except perhaps the assembly of troubadours at the court of Aragon mentioned in a work of Peire d'Alvernhe (which need not have taken place).", "id": "1085906" }, { "contents": "Peire de Bussignac\n\n\nPeire de Bussignac, Bossinhac, or Bocinhac (fl. c. 1160) was a nobleman, cleric, and troubadour from the Périgord. He was probably from Bussignac in Hautefort, but possibly Boussignac in Tulle. He was, according to his \"vida\", \"from the castle of Bertran de Born\". Though his \"vida\" speaks of \"good \"sirventes\"\" to reproach ladies for bad behaviour and \"sirventes\" attacking Bertran, only one \"sirventes\" by Peire survives: \"Quan lo dous temps", "id": "6679237" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\nCastile sojourned at Puivert. If the above date is not accepted, it can be probably dated later than 1165—since Giraut de Borneill was only active from c.1170—and certainly before 1173, when Raimbaut d'Aurenga died. The Monge de Montaudon later composed a parody of Peire's satire, \"Pos Peire d'Alvernhl a chantat\". \"Chantarai d'aquest trobadors\" is near universally regarded today as playful parody and not as a work of serious literary or artistic criticism. The obscurity of most of the ridiculed poets and the attack upon such personal characteristics as", "id": "6558337" }, { "contents": "Arnaut de Tintinhac\n\n\nattitude towards encouraging courtly love he also resembles the early troubadours. Like other early Gascon troubadours, such as Peire de Valeira, he employed nature metaphors, as at the beginning of this song: The \"vida\" of Peire de Valeira seems to confuse its intended subject with Arnaut (at least at some points). It goes like this: Peire de Valeira was from Gascony, from the land of Lord Arnaut Guillem de Marsan. He was a minstrel at the very same time in which Marcabru lived, and he composed", "id": "12717977" }, { "contents": "Peire de Valeira\n\n\nPeire de Valeira, Valeria, or Valera (fl. early–mid twelfth century) was a Gascon troubadour. Since troubadour poetry probably originated in northwest Aquitaine (Poitou and Saintonge) and first spread—within a generation—south into Gascony, Peire was one of the earliest troubadours. Only two of his poems survive, one \"canso\" (\"Vezer volgra n'Ezelgarda\") and one \"cobla\" (\"Qui qu'Amors don son voler\"). His birthplace was Valera, near Podensac and Saint-Macaire in", "id": "18999206" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Ussel\n\n\nPeire d'Ussel or d'Uisel (\"Pèire d'Ussèl\" in modern Occitan; fl. c. 1200) was a Limousin troubadour, the middle of three brothers, castellans of the castle of Ussel-sur-Sarzonne, northeast of Ventadorn. His elder brother was Eble and his younger Gui, and he also had a cousin named Elias; all four were troubadours. According to Gui's \"vida\", Peire descanted his relatives’ songs. This should not be understood to imply that Peire was only a musician. One \"cobla", "id": "14026658" }, { "contents": "Peyre de Rius\n\n\nPeyre de Rius (\"fl.\"1344–86) was an Occitan troubadour from Foix. He wrote under the patronage of Gaston Phoebus, Count of Foix, and Peter the Ceremonious, King of Aragon. He is one of the few troubadours known by name who lived for a time at Peter's court in Barcelona. His name in standardised Occitan is \"Peire\" or \"Pèire\", in Catalan it is \"Pere\", and in modern French \"Pierre\". An obscure reference to a Pere Riu among some \"", "id": "16102630" }, { "contents": "Matfre Ermengau\n\n\n) of the work, \"Perilhos tractatz d'amor de donas, seguon qu'en han tractat li antic trobador en lurs cansos\", structured as a dialogue between the defenders Love and her critics, is filled with citations (266 by some counts) of other troubadours and even some trouvères; Matfre cited himself six (Jeanroy) or nine (Paden) times and cited his brother Peire twice. He was careful to cite poets from different eras, but his favourites appear to be Aimeric de Peguilhan, Bernart de Ventadorn, and Peire", "id": "4121404" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nhim to vernacular lyric poetry and he abandoned his career in the church for \"the vanity of this world\", according to his \"vida\". Peire began his career at the court of Raymond VI of Toulouse—from whom he sought patronage—and a document of 1204 refers to a \"Petrus Cardinalis\" as a scribe of Raymond's chancery. At Raymond's court, however, he appears to have been known as Peire del Puoi or Puei (). Around 1238 he wrote a \"partimen\" beginning \"", "id": "4006794" }, { "contents": "Peire de la Mula\n\n\n, \"Una leig vei d'escuoill\", was also an attack on minstrels (\"joglars\"), who, at his time, were bringing their \"insolence\" from across the Alps into the presence of the \"pros\" (powerful) of Italy. Peire refers in this work to both Breton (\"Bretz\") and Norman (\"Normans\") minstrels. Peire's only full-length work to survive, \"Dels joglars servir mi laisse\", is a \"sirventes joglaresc\", a \"sirventes", "id": "13683551" }, { "contents": "Sancha of Castile, Queen of Aragon\n\n\nSancha of Castile (21 September 1154/5 – 9 November 1208) was the only surviving child of King Alfonso VII of Castile by his second wife, Richeza of Poland. On January 18, 1174, she married King Alfonso II of Aragon at Zaragoza; they had at least eight children who survived into adulthood. A patroness of troubadours such as Giraud de Calanson and Peire Raymond, the queen became involved in a legal dispute with her husband concerning properties which formed part of her dower estates. In 1177 she entered the county of", "id": "21291157" }, { "contents": "Ottone del Carretto\n\n\nin 1217. He predeceased his father in 1228. His second son, Enrico (Henry), married Beatrice, daughter of Boniface I of Montferrat. A third son, Manfredo (Manfred), is only attested in one document of 1242 in the \"Codex Astensis\". Ottone was a patron of several troubadours, composers of Old Occitan lyric poetry. He is prominent in the \"vida\" (short vernacular biography) of Peire de la Mula. In one manuscript his name is given as \"miser N'Ot del Carret", "id": "18951554" }, { "contents": "Peire de Barjac\n\n\nare attributed to multiple troubadours in the manuscripts. Some attributed to Peire are also attributed to Peire de Bussignac, Berenguier de Palazol, Elias de Barjols, Guillem de la Tor, Pons de Capdoill and Uc de Saint Circ; yet few of these other attributions are reliable. One song attributed to Peire in one manuscript is unattributed in another. Stronski argues that the attribution to Elias de Barjols was an emendation by the scribe confronted with the unfamiliar name Peire de Barjac. Napolski considered the attribution to Pons de Capdoill dubious. Alfred", "id": "8049260" }, { "contents": "Uc de Lescura\n\n\nUc de Lescura or de l'Escura (fl. 1190–1204) was a minor troubadour. The \"Lescura\" of his birth is unknown. There is a Lescurre in Ariège, Aveyron, and Tarn. Based on references in his work, historian Alfred Adler placed him at the court of Alfonso VIII of Castile (whom he calls \"emperor\") and in Catalonia. Uc's only existing work is a \"sirventes\", \"De mots ricos no tem Peire Vidal\", that begins with a \"gab\" proclaiming his", "id": "7146555" }, { "contents": "Peire de Montagut\n\n\nPeire de Montagut (? – 28 January 1232) was Grand Master of the Knights Templar from 1218 to 1232. He took part in the Fifth Crusade and was against the Sultan of Egypt's conditions for raising the siege of Damietta. He was previously Master of the Crown of Aragon. A close friend of Guillaume de Chartres, it was most likely the trust the previous Grand Master had in him which meant he himself was elected so quickly in 1218. At the same time, the Grand Master of the Knights Hospitaller was", "id": "11505219" }, { "contents": "Alfonso II of Aragon\n\n\ntaking a lover who is richer than herself. The debate had been begun by Guilhem de Saint-Leidier and was taken up by Azalais de Porcairagues and Raimbaut of Orange; there was also a \"partimen\" on the topic between Dalfi d'Alvernha and Perdigon. Alfonso and his love affairs are mentioned in poems by many troubadours, including Guillem de Berguedà (who criticized his dealings with Azalais of Toulouse) and Peire Vidal, who commended Alfonso's decision to marry Sancha rather than Eudokia Komnene that he had preferred a poor Castilian maid", "id": "20647088" }, { "contents": "Peire de Ladils\n\n\nPeire de Ladils de Bazas (; fl. 1325–1355) was a Gascon troubadour associated with the Consistori del Gay Saber in Toulouse. He was from Bazas in the Gironde and he served as advocate for the Cathédrale Saint-Jean-Baptiste. His surviving work comprises four \"cansos\", three \"dansas\", and two \"partimens\". In 1340 he composed a political \"partimen\" with Raimon de Cornet. He, and presumably Raimon also, was apparently well-read in the romantic literature of his time. His", "id": "11791403" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\nspirited courtly love\") he is the only troubadour to ever use the term \"courtly love\". Marcabrunian influence can be seen here too. In a later Crusade song, Peire defended Marcabru's abandonment of the \"carnal amar\". He advocates \"gran sabers ni purs\" (\"great and pure wisdom\") through \"bon'amor\" (\"good love\"). Along with Bernart Marti, Bernart de Venzac, and Gavaudan, Peire was part of a \"Marcabrunian school\". Nonetheless, as mentioned above", "id": "6558333" }, { "contents": "Guilhem Peire Cazals de Caortz\n\n\ncor que trameta\", composed in 1240, which mirrors \"D'una leu chanso ai cor que m'entremeta\", a \"canso\" by Guilhem Peire, in metre and rhyme and therefore gives a \"terminus ante quem\" for the \"tenso\"'s composition. Nine of Guilhem Peire's poems are dedicated to a certain friend and jongleur known only by the affectionate \"senhal\" \"Ardit\". Generally he wrote in the trobar ric genre, and in his \"leu chanso\" (\"canso\" in the trobar leu", "id": "12553938" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\n. The author of his \"vida\", editorialising, considers his poems to have been the greatest until Giraut de Borneill and his melodies to have been the best ever. The anonymous biographer records that his information about Peire's later years comes from Dalfi d'Alvernha. It has been suggested that Dalfi was the author of the \"vida\". According to an accusation of fellow troubadour Bernart Marti, Peire entered upon a religious life early, but quit Holy Orders for a life of itinerant minstrelsy. He may be the same person", "id": "6558329" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nan opponent of Christianity or even the Crusades. In \"Totz lo mons es vestitiz et abrazatz\" he urged Philip III of France, who had recently succeeded his father, Louis IX, who died in 1270 on the failed Eighth Crusade, to go to the aid of Edward Longshanks, then on the Ninth Crusade in Syria. Near the end of the \"sirventes\", \"Ab votz d'angel, lengu' esperta, non bleza\", composed as noted probably around 1229, Peire's words, \"[s]'ieu fos", "id": "4006802" }, { "contents": "Albert Malaspina\n\n\nAlbert Malaspina (1160/1165–1206/1212), called Alberto Moro (\"the Moor\") and \"lo marches putanier\" (\"the whoring marquess\"), was a member of the illustrious Malaspina family. He was a noted troubadour and patron of troubadours. Albert disputes with Peire de la Caravana the position of earliest native Italian troubadour. He was a son of Obizzo I the Great and husband of a daughter of William V of Montferrat. His brother-in-law Boniface I of Montferrat and his nephews Corrado (Conrad)", "id": "17471547" }, { "contents": "Peire de Corbiac\n\n\n) and Peire elsewhere calls himself \"maistre\". Certainly Peire's \"Tezaur\" is didactic in nature: his purpose in writing was to convince the wise that though he was poor in material terms he was richer still. Composed in 840 alexandrines, the \"Tezaur\" is an encyclopaedic compilation of all that the troubadour knew. The work displays a great breadth of knowledge. He expends 547 lines narrating the chief events of the Old and New Testaments, then discusses the seven liberal arts, medicine, surgery, necromancy,", "id": "15078721" }, { "contents": "Peire de Valeira\n\n\nfor an early troubadour genre which did not survive. It may also be that the distinctiveness of Peire's genre was regional, a Gascon style. The later Gascon troubadour Guiraut de Calanso wrote verses that were \"d'aquella saison\" (\"of that time\") and disliked in Provence, perhaps pointing to a Gascon tradition (or \"literary fad\") which was not popular outside of \"Gascoigna\" (Gascony). The \"paubra valor\" (\"poor value\") of Peire's songs may be a reflection", "id": "18999210" }, { "contents": "Henry II of Rodez\n\n\nHenry II (Occitan: \"Enric II de Rodés\") (c. 1236–1304), of the House of Millau, was the Count of Rodez and Viscount of Carlat from 1274 until his death. He was the son of Hugh IV of Rodez and Isabeau de Roquefeuil. Henry II was a troubadour and patron of troubadours. He composed six poems that survive: four \"tensos\" and two \"partimens\" (alternatively five \"torneyamens\"). His short \"vida\" records an exchange of couplets between \"lo coms", "id": "16712769" }, { "contents": "Peire Bremon lo Tort\n\n\nPeire Bremon lo Tort (or Bremonz lo Tortz) (\"fl.\" 1177) was a troubadour from the Viennois. Though only two of his pieces (both love songs) survive, his poetry is characterised by Francoprovençalisms. According to his short \"vida\", he was \"honoured by all the notable men.\" Peire Bremon has been identified with the Petrus Bermudi and Peire Bremont found in documents of 1160 pertaining to the Dauphiné. He is possibly the same person as the Peire Bremon related to the Counts of", "id": "16694577" }, { "contents": "Bernart Marti\n\n\nBernart Marti was a troubadour, composing poems and satires in Occitan, in the mid twelfth century. They show that he was influenced by his contemporaries Marcabru and knew Peire d'Alvernha, whom, in one poem, he accused of abandoning holy orders. Along with Peire, Gavaudan, and Bernart de Venzac he is sometimes placed in a hypothetical Marcabrunian school. His work is \"enigmatic, ironic, and satiric\", but has no following among later troubadours, according to Gaunt and Kay. Nine or ten of Marti's poems", "id": "14690002" }, { "contents": "Occitan literature\n\n\nthe part he is said to have played both by his sword and his sirveniescs in the struggle between Henry II of England and his rebel sons, though the importance of his part in the events of the time seems to have been greatly exaggerated; Peire Vidal of Toulouse, a poet of varied inspiration who grew rich with gifts bestowed on him by the greatest nobles of his time; Guiraut de Borneil, \"lo macsire dels trobadors\", and at any rate master in the art of the so-called close style (", "id": "11312610" }, { "contents": "Peire de Maensac\n\n\nto the (unnamed) wife of Bernart de Tierci. According to his \"vida\" he sang so much to her that she eventually allowed herself to be \"abducted\" by him. He fled with her to the castle of Dalf d'Alvernha, but her husband waged a \"great war\" to bring her back. Dalfi reputedly defended the castle so well that Bernart was unable to ever reclaim her. Peire was called a \"pleasant companion\" by his biographer. He wrote mostly \"cansos\" of courtly love with \"", "id": "6679235" }, { "contents": "Aimerico Manrique de Lara\n\n\ndefend the rights of the viscounts of Narbonne, recognising the rights of Aimeric at the same time. In early 1176, Ermengarda to retired to the monastery of Fontfroide, leaving the reins of government in Narbonne in Aimeric's hands. Aimeric died on 14 October 1177. Raymond V recovered his rights in Narbonne and his ducal title. Peire Rogier, a troubadour who frequented Ermengarda's court, addressed a poem to the viscountess and Aimeric. It is one of Peire's few datable works, coming between the years of Aimeric's", "id": "7254812" }, { "contents": "Guilhem d'Anduza\n\n\nGuilhem d'Anduza (fl. 1244–81) was a minor troubadour active in the middle of the thirteenth century. He belonged to the family of the lords of Anduze, who were patrons of several other troubadours. He was the eldest son of Peire Bremon VII, the last lord of Anduze and Sauve, and Josserande de Poitiers. Most of his father's lands were confiscated for rebellion in 1244. Guilhem acquired the barony of Olargues through marriage and inherited Hierle on his father's death in 1254. His petition to recover Anduze and", "id": "15667365" }, { "contents": "Guillem de Ribes\n\n\nof Miralpeix (now part of Sitges), held by one of his vassals, when it came under siege by two rivals, Berenguer de Castellet and Eymerich de Espiells. The castle was taken in an assault and partially destroyed. In a lawsuit brought against Guillem in the early 1200s, it was alleged that he had deliberately impeded the defence of the castle to his own benefit. He was succeeded by his nephew, Ponç II. The troubadour Peire d'Alvernhe composed a song satirizing twelve contemporary troubadours. It was probably first performed", "id": "10989340" }, { "contents": "Peire Guillem de Tolosa\n\n\nPeire Guillem (or Guilhem) de Tolosa was a 13th-century troubadour from Toulouse. Only one \"sirventes\" he wrote (\"En Sordel, que us es semblan\"), a \"tenso\" with the contemporary Italian poet Sordello, survives. According to his \"vida\" he was a courtly man who loved high society. The author of the \"vida\" also expresses admiration for his couplets but bewails the excessive number he composed, though so few of his works survive to this day. He was also", "id": "15990053" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\ncan detect the moralising influence of Marcabru, with whom in whose old age he was possibly acquainted. One of Marcabru's late songs is a satire of an early one by Peire d'Alvernhe. Marcabru's complexity was also imparted to Peire. On the topic of courtly love, Peire, who had abandoned the religious life early, came to abandon the claims of \"fin'amor\" (\"fine love\") later. When Peire espouses love of the Holy Ghost over \"cortez' amors de bon aire\" (\"well-", "id": "6558332" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\nthem and beg their mercy.\" By far, however, Peire's most famous work is \"Chantarai d'aquest trobadors\", a \"sirventes\" written at Puivert (\"Puoich-vert\") in which he ridicules twelve contemporary troubadours (\"a poetical gallery\") and praises himself. It has been conjectured that this piece was first performed in the presence of all twelve of the ridiculed poets in late Summer 1170 while an embassy bringing Eleanor, daughter of Henry II of England, to her Spanish goorm Alfonso VIII of", "id": "6558336" }, { "contents": "Peire de la Caravana\n\n\nbeen dated to as early as 1157. However, Peire incites the Lombard cities by harkening back to the fate of the baronage of Apulia who had resisted the Germans earlier: \"Lombart, beus gardazbr \"Que ja non siazbr \"Pejer que compraz,br \"Si ferm non estaz!br \"De Pulla'us sovegnabr \"Dels valens barosbr \"Qu'il non an que pegnabr \"For de lor maisos;br \"Gardaz non devegnabr \"Autretal de vos! This has led some to date it to 1194, when Henry VI conquered Sicily or as late", "id": "20349650" }, { "contents": "Marcoat\n\n\nMarcoat was a minor Gascon troubadour and joglar who flourished in the mid twelfth century. He is often cited in connexion with Eleanor of Aquitaine and is placed in a hypothetical \"school\" of poetry which includes Bernart de Ventadorn, Marcabru, Cercamon, Jaufre Rudel, Peire Rogier, and Peire de Valeria among others. Of all his works, only two \"sirventes\" survive: \"Mentre m'obri eis huisel\" and \"Una re.us dirai, en Serra\". Marcoat was an innovator building off the work of the contemporary Gascon", "id": "10485658" }, { "contents": "Gonzalo Ruiz\n\n\nmarry Alfonso VIII of Castile, then the identification of Guossalbo Roitz with Gonzalo Ruiz of Bureba becomes probable. Peire has this to say about his eleventh \"victim\" in lines 67 to 72: Peire is making fun of Gonzalo's well-known military career. In fact, Peire may have learned about Gonzalo on a trip he made to Castile in the spring of 1158. If he did not meet Gonzalo at the Castilian court, where Gonzalo undoubtedly was between January and February, then he may have met him at the", "id": "12361307" }, { "contents": "Peire Bremon lo Tort\n\n\nToulouse in a stanza of Peire d'Alvernhe's satire of contemporary troubadours. \"Peire Bremon\" was not a rare name and it was shared by the later troubadour, sometimes erroneously identified with lo Tort (whose nickname means \"the Wrong\"), Peire Bremon Ricas Novas. Peire's earlier poem, \"Mei oill an gran manentia\", was written as the troubadour prepared to depart from Syria, where he had been staying. He left behind a beloved \"domna\" (lady), whom he celebrated in the poem", "id": "16694578" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nabout the nuns may have additional significance. His tone changes after this and his closing lines suggest though that all this is a miracle from the \"saintly fathers\", suggesting his acceptance of things: Cardenal.org says that some have interpreted these lines as suggesting that Peire married at this time. By the end of his life he appears reconciled to the new \"modus vivendi\" in southern France. He died at an advanced age (allegedly one hundred years old) possibly either in Montpellier or Nimes, but this is only a", "id": "4006804" }, { "contents": "Peire Vidal\n\n\nPeire Vidal (born mid-12th century) was an Old Occitan troubadour. Forty-five of his songs are extant. The twelve that still have melodies bear testament to the deserved nature of his musical reputation. There is no contemporary reference to Peire outside of his works of poetry. His \"vida\" (a short Occitan biography)—composed about fifty years after his death—and two \"razos\" (short commentaries on specific poems) are probably fictionalised works built on episodes from his poems. Only the opening line of the \"vida", "id": "7150829" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\ndaughter or perhaps Peire's wife Marie) and then apparently to the couple's son James I of Aragon, born at Candlemas, according to James's Chronicle. It's not clear who the \"crois hom\" or \"dreadful man\" is in the final couplet, whose deeds are \"piggish\": Peire has really never addressed anyone in this verse but Peter II and those close to him. (But dualism had by then made its way into some of the local religious views of Medieval Languedoc: in dualist philosophy", "id": "4006797" }, { "contents": "Guillem de Balaun\n\n\nVierneta when he next returned to see Guilhelma. After a long time he returned, did reconcile Peire and Vierneta, and gave Peire more joy than he had felt even when he first won his lady. In order to test whether or not the joy of recovering a lady was greater than that of winning her, Guillem acted as though he were very angry with her. He ceased to discuss her or hear her discussed, to send her messages, or to visit her region. She sent him pleading messengers and letters of", "id": "21063206" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nmaritz\", \"if I were wed\", suggest that he is not yet wed. The verse which follows provides evidence in the view of some that Peire married: it first mocks the \"barrenness that bears fruit\" of the \"[beguinas\" (beguines, who may have sometimes been associated with the Dominicans; Hill and Bergin in 1973 said this was a reference to nuns of the Dominican Order). Throughout the verse of course Peire had been poking fun at the Dominican clergy, but the comment", "id": "4006803" }, { "contents": "Antide Boyer\n\n\nhis father, a potter. He spent four years at the minor seminary of Marseille, where he lost his faith in Christianity. He met Pierre Mazière at the seminary, who later wrote under the nom-de-plume Peire Simoun. He worked for the Chemins de fer de Paris à Lyon et à la Méditerranée (PLM), then at the La Ciotat shipyards, and then ran a wholesale oil and soap store with his first wife. He was one of the founders of the Bouches-du-Rhone Socialist", "id": "16118352" }, { "contents": "Peire de Valeira\n\n\nthe Gironde. His \"vida\" places his birthplace in the fief of Arnaut Guillem de Marsan, who was himself a troubadour. He was a contemporary of Marcabru and originally a jongleur. His poems were typical for the time, according to Uc de Saint Circ, the probable author of his \"vida\", being about natural objects (like leaves, flowers, and birds), but not of great value to the biographer's time. But Uc saves his harshest critique for the end, as Elizabeth Poe relates:", "id": "18999207" }, { "contents": "Troubadour\n\n\nNicoletto da Torino, Peire Raimon de Tolosa, Peire Rogier, Peire de Valeira, Peirol, Pistoleta, Perdigon, Salh d'Escola, Uc de la Bacalaria, Uc Brunet, and Uc de Saint Circ were jongleur-troubadours. A \"vida\" is a brief prose biography, written in Occitan, of a troubadour. The word \"vida\" means \"life\" in Occitan. In the chansonniers, the manuscript collections of medieval troubadour poetry, the works of a particular author are often accompanied by a short prose biography.", "id": "16794140" }, { "contents": "Peire de la Caravana\n\n\nas 1225, when the city-states of northern Italy renewed the old Lombard League in opposition to Henry's son, Frederick I of Sicily, Holy Roman Emperor. Writing in Lombardy in the Occitan tongue under the nominal sovereignty of the German monarch, Peire took the opportunity to poke fun at the German language, writing in a famously debated passage: \"Granoglas resembla\" [\"la gent d'Alemanha\"]br \"En dir\"(\"e\"): Broder, guaz;br \"Lairan, quant s'asemblabr \"Cum cans enrabjaz\".brbr Frogs resemble [the people of", "id": "20349651" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\n. In his wanderings he may have spent some time at Cortezon, at the court of the minor nobleman and troubadour Raimbaut d'Aurenga. Peire lived a long into old age, and performed penance before dying. Peire wrote mostly \"cansos\", which, as his \"vida\" points out, were called \"vers\" in his day. He also invented the \"pious song\" and wrote six such poems dealing with serious themes of religion, piety, and spirituality. Even in his more profane works, however, one", "id": "6558331" }, { "contents": "Raymond Pilet d'Alès\n\n\nRaymond Pilet (Raymond de Narbonnne-Pelet) (1075-1120), the only child of Bernard I Pilet of Narbonne and his wife, whose name is unknown. Seigneur of Alès. Bernard was the son of Raymond II, Viscount of Narbone from 1066 to 1067. The name “pelet” refers to a fur that the nobility wore over their cuirass and coats-of-arms. Raymond distinguished himself as a great warrior during the First Crusade. Many of the chroniclers of the Crusades, including William of Tyre", "id": "10100689" }, { "contents": "Dalfi d'Alvernha\n\n\nGuillemette de Comborn, Countess of Montferrand, daughter of Archambaud, Viscount of Comborn, and Jourdaine of Périgord. Their children were Aélis, Guillaume (William, later Count of Clermont), Blanche, and Alix. Troubadours who worked with Dalfi or sang at his court include Peirol, Perdigon, Peire de Maensac, Gaucelm Faidit, and Uc de Saint Circ; his cousin, bishop Robert of Clermont, exchanged satirical and erotic verses with him, as did Richard Coeur de Lion. One \"partimen\" between Dauphin and Perdigon", "id": "11683786" }, { "contents": "Troubadour\n\n\nwhose style seems to have fallen out of favour, was the \"Gascon school\" of Cercamon, Peire de Valeira, and Guiraut de Calanso. Cercamon was said by his biographer to have composed in the \"old style\" (\"la uzansa antiga\") and Guiraut's songs were \"d'aquella saison\" (\"of that time\"). This style of poetry seems to be attached to early troubadours from Gascony and was characterised by references to nature: leaves, flowers, birds, and their songs. This Gascon", "id": "16794155" }, { "contents": "Aimeric de Belenoi\n\n\nAimeric de Belenoi (fl. 1215–1242) was a Gascon troubadour. At least fifteen of his songs survived. Seven others were attributed to him in some medieval manuscripts. Aimeric was born in the castle of Lesparra in the Bordelais (\"metropolis civitas Burdigalensium\", the modern Gironde). His uncle was another troubadour, Peire de Corbiac. His \"vida\" says he was a cleric and later a jongleur before he took to \"inventing good songs, which were beautiful and charming.\" He apparently was the feudal lord", "id": "15990224" }, { "contents": "Jaufre de Pons\n\n\nis a \"partimen\" with Guiraut Riquier (\"Guiraut Riquier, diatz me,\" composed probably 1270 or 1280–1). Jaufre's part in the debate consists in asking plain youthful questions about love only to receive the bitter and experienced answers of Guiraut in proverbial form. Jaufre was probably the husband of Isabeau, daughter of Henry II of Rodez, a patron of troubadours. In 1292 he rendered homage to the lord of Châteauroux. Some scholars have suspected that there were more than one Jaufre de Pons (one from the", "id": "20235204" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\nthe \"trobar braus\" as a legitimate format for \"rough\" themes. One anonymous song of the Fifth Crusade, \"Lo Senhre que formet lo tro\", written between Spring 1213 and July 1214 has been attributed to Peire d'Alvernhe, but the dating makes that impossible. In a \"tenso\" between a Bernart (probably Bernart de Ventadorn) and an unnamed Peire, perhaps Peire d'Alvernhe, the latter argues that \"it is not becoming for ladies to make love-pleas; it is fitting that men plead with", "id": "6558335" }, { "contents": "Peire Guillem de Tolosa\n\n\nsaid to have composed \"sirventes joglarescs\", or \"sirventes\" in the manner of joglars, in order to criticise \"the barons\" (presumably the high noblesse). He also wrote a work criticising the prolific trouvère Theobald I of Navarre. The troubadour Bertran Carbonel twice mentions another troubadour by the initials P.G., possibly indicating Peire Guilhem. He mourns a certain P.G. in a \"planh\", where the initials probably stand in the manuscript for a full name, since three syllables would be required by the metre.", "id": "15990054" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\nappearance and manners has been cited in support of the view that the parody was done in the presence of all twelve victims, further supporting the conclusion that the parody was good-natured. Besides the criticism of a personal nature, many of the criticism launched by Peire allude to the works of the others, notably those of Bernart de Ventadorn and Raimbaut d'Aurenga. Peire's \"vida\" acclaimed him an accomplished singer and the greatest composer of melodies for verses yet known. Peire's famous \"Chantarai d'aquest trobadors\" contains a", "id": "6558338" }, { "contents": "Peire de Corbiac\n\n\ncentury before its appearance in Latin as \"contrapunctus\", today's counterpoint. The \"Tezaur\" had a lasting influence in the Late Middle Ages. The Jew Emanuele da Roma wrote the \"Ninth Meḥabbereth\", a Hebrew poem based on the \"Tesoretto\" of Brunetto Latini, itself based on the \"Tezaur\" of Peire. Peire was a religious man, as the dedicatory first verse of his \"Tezaur\" attests: it contains a dedication to Jesus and Mary and a statement of Trinitarian faith. His prayer to", "id": "15078723" }, { "contents": "Amanieu de Sescars\n\n\nSicily, and 1291, when he inherited Aragon. Amanieu's second didactic work, the \"Ensenhamen de la donsela\" can be dated between 1291 and 1295 by a reference to James as King of Aragon and to the ongoing War of the Sicilian Vespers. It is addressed to an unnamed \"donsela\" (young woman) and is designed to teach her how to behave in courtly society and how to be respected. Amanieu's poetry is definitely influenced by Peire Vidal and also possibly by Arnaut de Maruelh. The later troubadour", "id": "7359304" } ]

[ { "contents": "Peire Pelet\n\n\nPeire Pelet (died 1303) was the \"conseigneur\" of Alès in the Languedoc. He was married to Delfina (Delphine), a sister of Henry II of Rodez. He is the senher d'Alest (the lord of Alès) referred to as a participant in the \"torneyamen\" \"Senhe n'Enric, us reys un ric avar\" along with his brother-in-law Henry and the troubadour Guiraut Riquier. Peire was descended from a Raymond Pelet who took part in the First Crusade. His father was Bernard Pelet", "id": "9562337" }, { "contents": "Peire Pelet\n\n\n, who died in September 1252, leaving his entire heritage to his eldest son, William, under the tutelage of Bernard de Barre, Guillaume de Pontils, and Jean de Bossoles. In 1253 William, with his tutors and his younger brothers, including Peire, received the homage of their father's vassals: Hugues de Melet, Pierre de Spinasson, and many others, in the presence of Pierre Gaucelin, Bérenger de la Fare, Arnaud d'Arsac, and Pierre Gaucelin de Follaquier. On the death of William without heirs Peire", "id": "9562338" }, { "contents": "Peire Pelet\n\n\nsucceeded him. He married Delfina sometime before April 1276, when her brother released a sum of money left her by their father, Henry I: a hundred marks of silver or 5,000 \"sols tournois\". In 1274 James I of Aragon renounced the homage and oath of fealty owed by Peire for his fief since his great-great-grandfather, Bertrand Pelet, Count of Melgueil, had rendered it to James's grandfather, Alfonso II. Peire then began a war with Bérenger de Frédol, Bishop of Maguelonne, over", "id": "9562339" }, { "contents": "Peire Pelet\n\n\nthe county of Melgueil, which at that time was held by the bishop from the Papacy. In 1276 the combatants were brought before the episcopal court of the Archdiocese of Narbonne. Peire lost the case and was ordered to pay 1,000 \"livres\" in compensation. Joseph Angalde placed the aforementioned \"torneyamen\" around 1280–1, before the death of Peire, which he believed occurred in 1282; after the return of Riquier from Castile in 1279; and after the succession of Henry, who he believed was referred to as \"coms", "id": "9562340" }, { "contents": "Peire Raimon de Tolosa\n\n\nPeire Ramon's name (as \"Petrus Raimundus\") appears in two documents of Toulouse, dated to 1182 and 1214. According to his \"vida\", he became a jongleur and travelled to the court of Alfonso II of Aragon, who bestowed great honour on him. The earliest datable work by Peire Ramon is a \"planh\" written on the death of Henry the Young King in 1183. According to his \"vida\" Peire passed \"a long time\" at the courts of Alfonso, William VIII of Montpellier", "id": "19379363" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\npoetry. Among the other troubadours Peire encountered in his travels were Aimeric de Belenoi and Raimon de Miraval. He may have met Daude de Pradas and Guiraut Riquier at Rodez. Peire was influenced by Cadenet, whom he honoured in one of his pieces. He was possibly influenced by Bernart de Venzac. In his early days he was a vehement opponent of the French, the clergy and the Albigensian Crusade. In the \"sirventes\", \"Ab votz d'angel, lengu' esperta, non bleza\", dated by Hill and", "id": "4006799" }, { "contents": "Peire Vidal\n\n\nMany of his early poems were addressed to Vierna de Porcellet, a relative of the count's. In some poems Peire, Vierna and Raymond form a love triangle. From Toulouse Peire went to the court of King Alfonso II of Aragon, where he remained in good favour until the king's death in 1196. He continued to occasionally visit the court of Alfonso's son, Peter II In the rivalry between the rulers of Toulouse and Aragon, Peire took the side of Aragon. He visited the court of King Alfonso VIII", "id": "7150831" }, { "contents": "William I of Cagliari\n\n\nhis death. Allegedly, he was a man of some culture, as he was in reportedly in contact with the Provençal troubadours Peire de la Caravana and Peire Vidal, likely to contract their services on behalf of his wealthy patrons. He was the son of Giorgia, daughter of Constantine II of Cagliari, and Obert, Margrave of Massa. He was a brother of William, Margrave of Massa. His paternal relatives were a branch of the Obertenghi who ruled Massa Lunense from the 11th century. Constantine II's eldest daughter married", "id": "6352696" }, { "contents": "Peire de Valeira\n\n\n.\" Peire's entire \"vida\", found in MSS \"I\" and \"K\", however, is probably unreliable, since it appears to confuse him with another Gascon troubadour, Arnaut de Tintinhac. Peire is often placed in a hypothetical \"school\" of poetry which includes Bernart de Ventadorn, Cercamon, Jaufre Rudel, Marcabru, Marcoat, and Peire Rogier among others. Further, the references in his \"vida\" to songs of the time concerning leaves, flowers, songs, and birds may be evidence", "id": "18999209" }, { "contents": "Bertran de Gourdon\n\n\n. Bertran surrendered promptly to the Crusaders under Simon de Montfort in May 1218 and did homage to Simon for his lands. Bertran wrote a comic \"tenso\", that is poetical debate, with Peire Raimon de Tolosa, now known by the incipit \"Totz tos afars es nienz\". It was dated to before 1211 by Joseph Anglade on the basis that Bertran was probably not at odds with his fellow southern barons yet if he was, as Anglade, suspects, playing host and patron to Peire Raimon, who had just", "id": "17663226" }, { "contents": "Peire de la Mula\n\n\npoet named only \"Mola\" who exchanged some verses with Guilhem Raimon. He may be the same individual as Peire de la Mula, but he has also been identified with the \"joglars\" Tremoleta. One of Peire's surviving couplets, \"Ia de razon no.m cal metr'en pantais\", can be dated to before 1185 on the basis of a reference to \"Androin\"(\"e\"), that is, Andronicus I Comnenus, who died that year. It was a screed against the young and rich. Peire's other couplet", "id": "13683550" }, { "contents": "Peire Raimon de Tolosa\n\n\n, and a certain \"Count Raymond\", which could refer to either Raymond V of Toulouse or, more probably, Raymond VI. He also spent time in Italy (Lombardy and Piedmont), at the courts of Thomas I of Savoy, Guglielmo Malaspina, and Azzo VI of Este. Azzo's daughter Beatriz was the addressee of one of Peire's poems. Eventually Peire settled down with a wife in Pamiers and there he died. Peire was reputed as a singer and composer of \"cansos\". His work is", "id": "19379364" }, { "contents": "Peire Vidal\n\n\n\" is probably reliable. It says that he \"was from Toulouse, the son of a furrier\": \"si fo de Tolosa, fils d'un pelissier\". The fur and leather industry was well established in Toulouse, near the church of Saint Pierre des Cuisines, in the twelfth century. Peire started his career, along with the troubadour Bernart Durfort, at the court of Count Raymond V of Toulouse around 1176. He continued there until 1190, when he left to seek another patron after quarrelling with the count.", "id": "7150830" }, { "contents": "Guilhem Peire Cazals de Caortz\n\n\nGuilhem Peire Cazals de Caortz or Guilhem Peire de Cazals was a troubadour of the first half of the thirteenth century. He was born or lived in Cahors, Quercy, from which his name \"de Caortz\". Eleven of his works, including one \"tenso\", survive. The only sure way to date Guilhem Peire's life and work is by his \"tenso\" with Bernart de la Barta, who was alive in 1229, and by a \"sirventes\" of Guilhem Figueira, \"Un nou sirventes ai en", "id": "12553937" }, { "contents": "Peire Vidal\n\n\nof Castile at Toledo in 1195 and intermittently thereafter until 1201. He also stayed for a time at the court of King Alfonso IX of León, where the Galician–Portuguese lyric was favoured over the Occitan. Among Peire's many lesser patrons were Lord William VIII of Montpellier and his wife, the Byzantine princess Eudokia Komnene. (William was both a vassal of Peter II and his father-in-law.) Peire attended the Aragonese court during some of its visits to Narbonne, but although the ruling viscountess of that", "id": "7150832" }, { "contents": "Peire de la Mula\n\n\nPeire (or Pietro) de la Mula (\"fl. c.\" 1200) was an Italian troubadour. Of his writings a pair of couplets and one \"sirventes\" are all that survive. According to his \"vida\", he was a \"joglars\" and \"trobaire\" (troubadour) who stayed for a long time in Montferrat, Cortemilia, and the Piedmont at the court of Ottone del Carretto (fl. 1190–1233). This places Peire's activity before 1209, when Ottone lost Cortemilia. It has", "id": "13683548" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nsupposition, based on where the biographer and compiler Miquel de la Tor was active. Three of Peire's songs have surviving melodies, but two (for a \"canso\" and a \"sirventes\") were composed by others: Guiraut de Bornelh and Raimon Jordan respectively. Like many of his contemporary troubadours, Peire merely composed \"contrafacta\". The third, for \"Un sirventesc novel vuelh comensar\", may be Peire's own work. It is similar to the borrowed melody of Guiraut de Bornelh, mostly syllabic with", "id": "4006805" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\nas the \"Petrus d'Alvengue\" and \"Petrus de Alvernia\" who appear in surviving documents from Montpellier dated to the year 1148. Peire appears to have cultivated the favour of the ruling family of the Crown of Aragon, and his poems contain allusions to the counts of Barcelona and Provence. Perhaps he was following the fashion of the lords of Montpellier of his time, who, though vassals of the Count of Toulouse, were partial to the Aragonese. At the same time Peire did garner the support of Raymond V of Toulouse", "id": "6558330" }, { "contents": "Peire de Maensac\n\n\nPeire de Maensac was an Auvergnat knight and troubadour. He was from Maensac (either Mauzat, Manzat or Mainsat) in the lands of Dalfi d'Alvernha. He came from the petty nobility. His brother Austor or Austors was also a troubadour, but none of his works survives. According to Peire's \"vida\" the brothers agreed that one of them would \"have the castle\" (i.e. inherit) and the other would be the \"inventor\" (i.e. troubadour). Peire became the troubadour. He wrote poems dedicated", "id": "6679234" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nworldly deeds might be seen as \"piggish\".) Peire subsequently travelled widely, visiting the courts of Auvergne, Les Baux, Foix, Rodez, and Vienne. He may have even ventured into Spain and met Alfonso X of Castile, and James I of Aragon, although he never mentions the latter by name in his poems. (James is however of course mentioned in Peire's \"vida\".) During his travels Peire was accompanied by a suite of jongleurs, some of whom receive mention by name in his", "id": "4006798" }, { "contents": "Peire Raimon de Tolosa\n\n\ncharacterised by themes of nature. His style was hermetic. He imitated the troubadours Cadenet and Arnaut Daniel and was in turn imitated by Bertran de Born, especially as regards his use of natural imagery. Bertran went so far as to copy almost a whole stanza from Peire's \"No.m puesc sofrir d'una leu chanso faire.\" In \"Us noels pessamens\", Peire even anticipates the Tuscan poet Dante Alighieri. Peire is complaining about a mistress who first beckoned him and then broke her promise to him when he says: Peire", "id": "19379365" }, { "contents": "Aimeric de Belenoi\n\n\nwhere he probably had contact with Aimeric de Pegulhan, Albertet de Sestaro, Guillem Augier Novella and Peirol. He may also have made the acquaintance of Peire Cardenal. Aimeric went to Castile before making his final trip to Catalonia. His last datable work was \"Nulhs hom en res no falh\", a \"planh\" for Nuño Sánchez, who died in 1242. This \"planh\" was addressed to the \"comtessa Beatris\", wife of Raymond Berengar IV of Provence, and \"senher N'Imo\", her brother Aimone", "id": "15990226" }, { "contents": "Peire Bremon Ricas Novas\n\n\nproensal\", with its reference to \"us Provençals\". Peire's first datable work is a \"tenso\" written at the court of Raymond Berengar IV of Provence in 1230 with Gui de Cavalhon. At the court of Provence Peire also met Bertran d'Alamanon and Sordello, whose \"planh\" for Blacatz he imitated. Peire left the court of Raymond Berengar sometime in or after 1237 and went to that of Barral of Baux and thence to that of Raymond VII of Toulouse. Though there is no record of his having visited", "id": "12717295" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nsecond stanza Peire mentions Peter's success in the Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa; in the third he alludes to the sacking of Béziers (whose count Raymond Roger Trencavel was supposed to have been Peter's vassal): at Béziers the poorer soldiers of the Inquisition were flogged by the wealthier, and this is the theme of the stanza. Peire's mention of the court of Constantine may also again evoke the divorce proceedings of Peter and Marie where Peire ultimately lost. Peire later alludes to the death of someone (perhaps a", "id": "4006796" }, { "contents": "Elias de Barjols\n\n\naffability\" of Giraut IV Trencaleon d'Armagnac, the \"generosity\" of Randon (a lord of this name died before 1219, when he is mentioned in the testament of his son-in-law; he was the nephew of the troubadour Garin lo Brun), the \"good responses\" of Dalfi d'Alvernha, the \"wits\" of \"Peir cui es Monleos\" (maybe the troubadour Peire de Gavaret), the \"chivalry\" of Brian, the \"wisdom\" of Bertran, the \"courtesy\" of a", "id": "20595774" }, { "contents": "Peire Guilhem de Luserna\n\n\nPeire Guilhem de Luserna () was a Piedmontese troubadour. Peire's identity as an Italian has been up for debate since the 19th century. \"Luserna\" more probably refers to Luserna in the Piedmont, rich and populous in Peire’s time, a town on the left bank of the Pellice lying on the road into the Viennois and Dauphiné, Occitan-speaking territories. On the other hand, it may be Lusarne (\"Luserna\" in Italian) in the Leberon valley in Provence, on the road between Reillane in", "id": "10437582" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nPeire del Puei, li trobador\" with Aimeric de Pegulhan. At Raymond's court also perhaps, probably in 1213, Peire composed a \"sirventes\", \"Las amairitz, qui encolpar las vol\", which may have encouraged Peter II of Aragon to help Toulouse in the Battle of Muret, where Peter died. In this \"sirventes\" Peire alludes first perhaps to the accusations of adultery that Peter had leveled against Peter's wife Maria of Montpellier but also perhaps to the various changes in law governing women. In the", "id": "4006795" }, { "contents": "Peire Lunel de Montech\n\n\nPeire Lunel de Montech (fl. 1326–1384), also known as Cavalier Lunel or Peire de Lunel, was a lawyer, politician and author of Toulouse. His name indicates he was a knight (\"cavalier\" in Occitan) from Montech. In his youth he was a troubadour. A \"canso\", a Crusading song, a \"sirventes\", an \"ensenhamen\" and some moralising \"coblas esparsas\" survive of his work. The Crusading song is dated to around 1326. It is a critique of King", "id": "11493706" }, { "contents": "Ermengarde, Viscountess of Narbonne\n\n\nthe langue d'oïl in the north. She corresponded with many troubadours, including Peire Rogier, Giraut de Bornelh, Peire d'Alvergne, Pons d'Ortafa, and Salh d'Escola, as well as the trobairitz Azalais de Porcairagues. In addition it is believed that she welcomed to her court Rognvald II of Orkney, a Viking prince that became a saint, and poet, who composed skaldic poetry for her. Without issue after two unhappy marriages, Ermengarde designated as heir Pedro Manrique de Lara -the second but eldest surviving son of her half-sister", "id": "17254566" }, { "contents": "Peire de Corbiac\n\n\nPeire de Corbiac or Corbian was a Gascon cleric and troubadour of the thirteenth century. His most famous works are a religious piece, the \"Prière à la Vierge\" (prayer to the Virgin), and his \"treasures\", \"Lo tezaurs\" (c. 1225). Peire was born at Corbiac near Bordeaux to a poor family. He was educated at Orléans in the Scholastic tradition. His nephew was the troubadour Aimeric de Belenoi, whose \"vida\" refers to him as \"maestre\" (master, teacher", "id": "15078720" }, { "contents": "Peire de la Caravana\n\n\nGermany]br In saying: \"Brother, watz!\"br The sound of which as much resemblesbr Dogs barking. The German word \"watz\" is said to be an interjection resembling the clinking of glasses and proposes a toast. Peire also had ties to Sardinia. He dedicated his \"D'un serventes faire\" to a \"senhal Malgrat de toz\", which has been identified as Barisone II of Arborea, who was crowned King of Sardinia at Pavia by the Emperor Frederick I in return for 4,000 silver marks from Genoa, but was later deposed", "id": "20349652" }, { "contents": "Pere de Montsó\n\n\n. If Pattison's reconstruction of events surrounding Peire d'Alvernhe's satire is correct, however, Pere de Montsó was attached to the Spanish entourage (possibly as a jongleur) of Eleanor, daughter of Henry II of England and fiancée of Alfonso VIII of Castile, who was travelling through Gascony on her way to Spain when she and her entourage were entertained by Peire's satire. Pattison suggest on the basis of this stanza that the troupe had also travelled through the lands of Toulouse and met in the presence of the Count, whose", "id": "11269399" }, { "contents": "Occitan literature\n\n\nof Ventadour's father was a servant, Peire Vidal's a maker of furred garments, Perdigon's a fisher. Others belonged to the bourgeoisie, Peire d'Alvernha, for example, Peire Raimon of Toulouse, and Elias Fonsalada. Likewise we see merchants' sons as troubadours; this was the case with Folquet of Marseille and Aimeric de Peguilhan. A great many were clerics, or at least studied for the Church, for instance, Arnaut de Mareuil, Uc de Saint Circ, Aimeric de Belenoi, Hugh Brunet, Peire Cardenal", "id": "11312613" }, { "contents": "Pere de Montsó\n\n\nPere de Montsó (fl. 1173), also Peire de Monzo(n), was an Aragonese troubadour, though none of his compositions survive. He was probably from Monzón near the border with Catalonia, but he may have hailed from Monzón de Campos in Castile, as Ramón Menéndez Pidal believed. He is the subject of the eighth stanza of a famous satire of twelve troubadours by Peire d'Alvernhe. This stanza has different readings: The verse is very unclear. The first reading suggests that Raymond V of Toulouse had heard Pere sing", "id": "11269398" }, { "contents": "Peire de Barjac\n\n\nPeire de Barjac was a Languedocian troubadour who flourished in the first half of the thirteenth century. He was a descendant of the troubadours Guillem de Randon and Garin lo Brun. Only one of poem that was certainly written by Peire survives: \"Tot francamen, domna, veing denan vos\". The rubric above the poem in the manuscript labels it a \"conjat\" and scholars have classified it as a \"mala canso\", or bad \"canso\". It is a song about leaving his lover. Many other songs", "id": "8049259" }, { "contents": "Pierre Roger de Cabaret\n\n\nPierre Roger de Cabaret (French) or Pèire Rogièr de Cabaret (Occitan) (fl. 13th century) was a military leader of the Occitan forces in the Albigensian Crusade. He inherited three hilltop castles near modern-day Lastours from his father. He was a patron of the troubadours, including Peire Vidal. He was a vassal of viscount Raymond Roger Trencavel, and was present with him during the siege of the castrum of Carcassonne in early stages of the Albigensian Crusade in 1209. Allegedly, Pierre-Roger advised Trencavel", "id": "11128862" }, { "contents": "Peire Raimon de Tolosa\n\n\nPeire Raimon de Tolosa (or Toloza; fl. 1180–1220) was a troubadour from the merchant class of Toulouse. He is variously referred to as \"lo Viellz\" (\"the Old\") and \"lo Gros\" (\"the Fat\"), though these are thought by some to refer to two different persons. On the other hand, \"lo Viellz\" could refer to his being of an early generation of troubadours. Eighteen of Peire Ramon's poems survive, one \"canso\" with a melody.", "id": "19379362" }, { "contents": "Peire Vidal\n\n\ncity, Ermengarde, was a notable patron of troubadours (like Azalais de Porcairagues) there is no indication that she patronised Peire or that he wrote songs for her. Peire was also associated with Raimon Jaufre Barral, viscount of Marseille and brother-in-law of Vierna. Barral's son-in-law, Hugh of Baux, was also a patron of Peire Vidal. The troubadour Blacatz, a relative of Hugh's and of modest wealth, was a patron. Peire Vidal is referenced in Ezra Pound's poem", "id": "7150833" }, { "contents": "Peire Guilhem de Luserna\n\n\nthe Basses-Alpes and Bastide-des-Jourdans. Peire was probably at the court of the Este beginning in 1221, during the reign of Azzo VII, husband of Giovanna, the object of one of Peire's songs. Sometime before arriving at Ferrara, Peire was probably at the court of Manfred III of Saluzzo. In 1220 Aimeric de Peguilhan, then at the Malaspina court, mentioned him in a poem—\"Ni un autre tirador / qu’eu no vuoill dir de Luserna\"—as being among a quintet of Occitan poets at Saluzzo: Peire", "id": "10437583" }, { "contents": "Gonzalo Ruiz\n\n\nthe 1170s. If Gonzalo Ruiz is de Azagra, it should be noted that his brother's daughter, Tota Pérez, was married to Diego López de Haro—with whom the lord of La Bureba had a connexion—who was a great patron of troubadours. Rigaut de Barbezill, Peire Vidal, and Aimeric de Pegulhan all spent time at his court, as did Rodrigo Díaz de los Cameros, his son-in-law, one of the earliest Galician-Portuguese troubadours. Riquer attaches the Castilian embassy in France circa", "id": "12361311" }, { "contents": "Peire de la Caravana\n\n\nPeire de la Caravana (also Cavarana, Gavarana, or Cà Varana, perhaps meaning \"near Verona\") was an Italian troubadour (\"trovatore\") in Lombardy in the late 12th and early 13th centuries. He was one of the earliest Occitan troubadours in Italy. He is famous for his \"sirventes\". Among his preserved works are the \"sirventes\" \"D'un serventes faire\" and \"La Paz de Costanza\". Peire wrote the first encouraging the communes of northern Italy to resist German overlorship, which has", "id": "20349649" }, { "contents": "Peire Rogier\n\n\nlong time. From Raimbaut's court he moved on to sojourn at that of Alfonso VIII of Castile, then that of Alfonso II of Aragon, and finally that of Raymond V of Toulouse, where he arrived circa 1170. According to his \"vida\", he became much esteemed as a troubadour through his travels, but there is no evidence otherwise for any movements in Spain, except perhaps the assembly of troubadours at the court of Aragon mentioned in a work of Peire d'Alvernhe (which need not have taken place).", "id": "1085906" }, { "contents": "Peire de Bussignac\n\n\nPeire de Bussignac, Bossinhac, or Bocinhac (fl. c. 1160) was a nobleman, cleric, and troubadour from the Périgord. He was probably from Bussignac in Hautefort, but possibly Boussignac in Tulle. He was, according to his \"vida\", \"from the castle of Bertran de Born\". Though his \"vida\" speaks of \"good \"sirventes\"\" to reproach ladies for bad behaviour and \"sirventes\" attacking Bertran, only one \"sirventes\" by Peire survives: \"Quan lo dous temps", "id": "6679237" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\nCastile sojourned at Puivert. If the above date is not accepted, it can be probably dated later than 1165—since Giraut de Borneill was only active from c.1170—and certainly before 1173, when Raimbaut d'Aurenga died. The Monge de Montaudon later composed a parody of Peire's satire, \"Pos Peire d'Alvernhl a chantat\". \"Chantarai d'aquest trobadors\" is near universally regarded today as playful parody and not as a work of serious literary or artistic criticism. The obscurity of most of the ridiculed poets and the attack upon such personal characteristics as", "id": "6558337" }, { "contents": "Arnaut de Tintinhac\n\n\nattitude towards encouraging courtly love he also resembles the early troubadours. Like other early Gascon troubadours, such as Peire de Valeira, he employed nature metaphors, as at the beginning of this song: The \"vida\" of Peire de Valeira seems to confuse its intended subject with Arnaut (at least at some points). It goes like this: Peire de Valeira was from Gascony, from the land of Lord Arnaut Guillem de Marsan. He was a minstrel at the very same time in which Marcabru lived, and he composed", "id": "12717977" }, { "contents": "Peire de Valeira\n\n\nPeire de Valeira, Valeria, or Valera (fl. early–mid twelfth century) was a Gascon troubadour. Since troubadour poetry probably originated in northwest Aquitaine (Poitou and Saintonge) and first spread—within a generation—south into Gascony, Peire was one of the earliest troubadours. Only two of his poems survive, one \"canso\" (\"Vezer volgra n'Ezelgarda\") and one \"cobla\" (\"Qui qu'Amors don son voler\"). His birthplace was Valera, near Podensac and Saint-Macaire in", "id": "18999206" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Ussel\n\n\nPeire d'Ussel or d'Uisel (\"Pèire d'Ussèl\" in modern Occitan; fl. c. 1200) was a Limousin troubadour, the middle of three brothers, castellans of the castle of Ussel-sur-Sarzonne, northeast of Ventadorn. His elder brother was Eble and his younger Gui, and he also had a cousin named Elias; all four were troubadours. According to Gui's \"vida\", Peire descanted his relatives’ songs. This should not be understood to imply that Peire was only a musician. One \"cobla", "id": "14026658" }, { "contents": "Peyre de Rius\n\n\nPeyre de Rius (\"fl.\"1344–86) was an Occitan troubadour from Foix. He wrote under the patronage of Gaston Phoebus, Count of Foix, and Peter the Ceremonious, King of Aragon. He is one of the few troubadours known by name who lived for a time at Peter's court in Barcelona. His name in standardised Occitan is \"Peire\" or \"Pèire\", in Catalan it is \"Pere\", and in modern French \"Pierre\". An obscure reference to a Pere Riu among some \"", "id": "16102630" }, { "contents": "Matfre Ermengau\n\n\n) of the work, \"Perilhos tractatz d'amor de donas, seguon qu'en han tractat li antic trobador en lurs cansos\", structured as a dialogue between the defenders Love and her critics, is filled with citations (266 by some counts) of other troubadours and even some trouvères; Matfre cited himself six (Jeanroy) or nine (Paden) times and cited his brother Peire twice. He was careful to cite poets from different eras, but his favourites appear to be Aimeric de Peguilhan, Bernart de Ventadorn, and Peire", "id": "4121404" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nhim to vernacular lyric poetry and he abandoned his career in the church for \"the vanity of this world\", according to his \"vida\". Peire began his career at the court of Raymond VI of Toulouse—from whom he sought patronage—and a document of 1204 refers to a \"Petrus Cardinalis\" as a scribe of Raymond's chancery. At Raymond's court, however, he appears to have been known as Peire del Puoi or Puei (). Around 1238 he wrote a \"partimen\" beginning \"", "id": "4006794" }, { "contents": "Peire de la Mula\n\n\n, \"Una leig vei d'escuoill\", was also an attack on minstrels (\"joglars\"), who, at his time, were bringing their \"insolence\" from across the Alps into the presence of the \"pros\" (powerful) of Italy. Peire refers in this work to both Breton (\"Bretz\") and Norman (\"Normans\") minstrels. Peire's only full-length work to survive, \"Dels joglars servir mi laisse\", is a \"sirventes joglaresc\", a \"sirventes", "id": "13683551" }, { "contents": "Sancha of Castile, Queen of Aragon\n\n\nSancha of Castile (21 September 1154/5 – 9 November 1208) was the only surviving child of King Alfonso VII of Castile by his second wife, Richeza of Poland. On January 18, 1174, she married King Alfonso II of Aragon at Zaragoza; they had at least eight children who survived into adulthood. A patroness of troubadours such as Giraud de Calanson and Peire Raymond, the queen became involved in a legal dispute with her husband concerning properties which formed part of her dower estates. In 1177 she entered the county of", "id": "21291157" }, { "contents": "Ottone del Carretto\n\n\nin 1217. He predeceased his father in 1228. His second son, Enrico (Henry), married Beatrice, daughter of Boniface I of Montferrat. A third son, Manfredo (Manfred), is only attested in one document of 1242 in the \"Codex Astensis\". Ottone was a patron of several troubadours, composers of Old Occitan lyric poetry. He is prominent in the \"vida\" (short vernacular biography) of Peire de la Mula. In one manuscript his name is given as \"miser N'Ot del Carret", "id": "18951554" }, { "contents": "Peire de Barjac\n\n\nare attributed to multiple troubadours in the manuscripts. Some attributed to Peire are also attributed to Peire de Bussignac, Berenguier de Palazol, Elias de Barjols, Guillem de la Tor, Pons de Capdoill and Uc de Saint Circ; yet few of these other attributions are reliable. One song attributed to Peire in one manuscript is unattributed in another. Stronski argues that the attribution to Elias de Barjols was an emendation by the scribe confronted with the unfamiliar name Peire de Barjac. Napolski considered the attribution to Pons de Capdoill dubious. Alfred", "id": "8049260" }, { "contents": "Uc de Lescura\n\n\nUc de Lescura or de l'Escura (fl. 1190–1204) was a minor troubadour. The \"Lescura\" of his birth is unknown. There is a Lescurre in Ariège, Aveyron, and Tarn. Based on references in his work, historian Alfred Adler placed him at the court of Alfonso VIII of Castile (whom he calls \"emperor\") and in Catalonia. Uc's only existing work is a \"sirventes\", \"De mots ricos no tem Peire Vidal\", that begins with a \"gab\" proclaiming his", "id": "7146555" }, { "contents": "Peire de Montagut\n\n\nPeire de Montagut (? – 28 January 1232) was Grand Master of the Knights Templar from 1218 to 1232. He took part in the Fifth Crusade and was against the Sultan of Egypt's conditions for raising the siege of Damietta. He was previously Master of the Crown of Aragon. A close friend of Guillaume de Chartres, it was most likely the trust the previous Grand Master had in him which meant he himself was elected so quickly in 1218. At the same time, the Grand Master of the Knights Hospitaller was", "id": "11505219" }, { "contents": "Alfonso II of Aragon\n\n\ntaking a lover who is richer than herself. The debate had been begun by Guilhem de Saint-Leidier and was taken up by Azalais de Porcairagues and Raimbaut of Orange; there was also a \"partimen\" on the topic between Dalfi d'Alvernha and Perdigon. Alfonso and his love affairs are mentioned in poems by many troubadours, including Guillem de Berguedà (who criticized his dealings with Azalais of Toulouse) and Peire Vidal, who commended Alfonso's decision to marry Sancha rather than Eudokia Komnene that he had preferred a poor Castilian maid", "id": "20647088" }, { "contents": "Peire de Ladils\n\n\nPeire de Ladils de Bazas (; fl. 1325–1355) was a Gascon troubadour associated with the Consistori del Gay Saber in Toulouse. He was from Bazas in the Gironde and he served as advocate for the Cathédrale Saint-Jean-Baptiste. His surviving work comprises four \"cansos\", three \"dansas\", and two \"partimens\". In 1340 he composed a political \"partimen\" with Raimon de Cornet. He, and presumably Raimon also, was apparently well-read in the romantic literature of his time. His", "id": "11791403" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\nspirited courtly love\") he is the only troubadour to ever use the term \"courtly love\". Marcabrunian influence can be seen here too. In a later Crusade song, Peire defended Marcabru's abandonment of the \"carnal amar\". He advocates \"gran sabers ni purs\" (\"great and pure wisdom\") through \"bon'amor\" (\"good love\"). Along with Bernart Marti, Bernart de Venzac, and Gavaudan, Peire was part of a \"Marcabrunian school\". Nonetheless, as mentioned above", "id": "6558333" }, { "contents": "Guilhem Peire Cazals de Caortz\n\n\ncor que trameta\", composed in 1240, which mirrors \"D'una leu chanso ai cor que m'entremeta\", a \"canso\" by Guilhem Peire, in metre and rhyme and therefore gives a \"terminus ante quem\" for the \"tenso\"'s composition. Nine of Guilhem Peire's poems are dedicated to a certain friend and jongleur known only by the affectionate \"senhal\" \"Ardit\". Generally he wrote in the trobar ric genre, and in his \"leu chanso\" (\"canso\" in the trobar leu", "id": "12553938" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\n. The author of his \"vida\", editorialising, considers his poems to have been the greatest until Giraut de Borneill and his melodies to have been the best ever. The anonymous biographer records that his information about Peire's later years comes from Dalfi d'Alvernha. It has been suggested that Dalfi was the author of the \"vida\". According to an accusation of fellow troubadour Bernart Marti, Peire entered upon a religious life early, but quit Holy Orders for a life of itinerant minstrelsy. He may be the same person", "id": "6558329" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nan opponent of Christianity or even the Crusades. In \"Totz lo mons es vestitiz et abrazatz\" he urged Philip III of France, who had recently succeeded his father, Louis IX, who died in 1270 on the failed Eighth Crusade, to go to the aid of Edward Longshanks, then on the Ninth Crusade in Syria. Near the end of the \"sirventes\", \"Ab votz d'angel, lengu' esperta, non bleza\", composed as noted probably around 1229, Peire's words, \"[s]'ieu fos", "id": "4006802" }, { "contents": "Albert Malaspina\n\n\nAlbert Malaspina (1160/1165–1206/1212), called Alberto Moro (\"the Moor\") and \"lo marches putanier\" (\"the whoring marquess\"), was a member of the illustrious Malaspina family. He was a noted troubadour and patron of troubadours. Albert disputes with Peire de la Caravana the position of earliest native Italian troubadour. He was a son of Obizzo I the Great and husband of a daughter of William V of Montferrat. His brother-in-law Boniface I of Montferrat and his nephews Corrado (Conrad)", "id": "17471547" }, { "contents": "Peire de Corbiac\n\n\n) and Peire elsewhere calls himself \"maistre\". Certainly Peire's \"Tezaur\" is didactic in nature: his purpose in writing was to convince the wise that though he was poor in material terms he was richer still. Composed in 840 alexandrines, the \"Tezaur\" is an encyclopaedic compilation of all that the troubadour knew. The work displays a great breadth of knowledge. He expends 547 lines narrating the chief events of the Old and New Testaments, then discusses the seven liberal arts, medicine, surgery, necromancy,", "id": "15078721" }, { "contents": "Peire de Valeira\n\n\nfor an early troubadour genre which did not survive. It may also be that the distinctiveness of Peire's genre was regional, a Gascon style. The later Gascon troubadour Guiraut de Calanso wrote verses that were \"d'aquella saison\" (\"of that time\") and disliked in Provence, perhaps pointing to a Gascon tradition (or \"literary fad\") which was not popular outside of \"Gascoigna\" (Gascony). The \"paubra valor\" (\"poor value\") of Peire's songs may be a reflection", "id": "18999210" }, { "contents": "Henry II of Rodez\n\n\nHenry II (Occitan: \"Enric II de Rodés\") (c. 1236–1304), of the House of Millau, was the Count of Rodez and Viscount of Carlat from 1274 until his death. He was the son of Hugh IV of Rodez and Isabeau de Roquefeuil. Henry II was a troubadour and patron of troubadours. He composed six poems that survive: four \"tensos\" and two \"partimens\" (alternatively five \"torneyamens\"). His short \"vida\" records an exchange of couplets between \"lo coms", "id": "16712769" }, { "contents": "Peire Bremon lo Tort\n\n\nPeire Bremon lo Tort (or Bremonz lo Tortz) (\"fl.\" 1177) was a troubadour from the Viennois. Though only two of his pieces (both love songs) survive, his poetry is characterised by Francoprovençalisms. According to his short \"vida\", he was \"honoured by all the notable men.\" Peire Bremon has been identified with the Petrus Bermudi and Peire Bremont found in documents of 1160 pertaining to the Dauphiné. He is possibly the same person as the Peire Bremon related to the Counts of", "id": "16694577" }, { "contents": "Bernart Marti\n\n\nBernart Marti was a troubadour, composing poems and satires in Occitan, in the mid twelfth century. They show that he was influenced by his contemporaries Marcabru and knew Peire d'Alvernha, whom, in one poem, he accused of abandoning holy orders. Along with Peire, Gavaudan, and Bernart de Venzac he is sometimes placed in a hypothetical Marcabrunian school. His work is \"enigmatic, ironic, and satiric\", but has no following among later troubadours, according to Gaunt and Kay. Nine or ten of Marti's poems", "id": "14690002" }, { "contents": "Occitan literature\n\n\nthe part he is said to have played both by his sword and his sirveniescs in the struggle between Henry II of England and his rebel sons, though the importance of his part in the events of the time seems to have been greatly exaggerated; Peire Vidal of Toulouse, a poet of varied inspiration who grew rich with gifts bestowed on him by the greatest nobles of his time; Guiraut de Borneil, \"lo macsire dels trobadors\", and at any rate master in the art of the so-called close style (", "id": "11312610" }, { "contents": "Peire de Maensac\n\n\nto the (unnamed) wife of Bernart de Tierci. According to his \"vida\" he sang so much to her that she eventually allowed herself to be \"abducted\" by him. He fled with her to the castle of Dalf d'Alvernha, but her husband waged a \"great war\" to bring her back. Dalfi reputedly defended the castle so well that Bernart was unable to ever reclaim her. Peire was called a \"pleasant companion\" by his biographer. He wrote mostly \"cansos\" of courtly love with \"", "id": "6679235" }, { "contents": "Aimerico Manrique de Lara\n\n\ndefend the rights of the viscounts of Narbonne, recognising the rights of Aimeric at the same time. In early 1176, Ermengarda to retired to the monastery of Fontfroide, leaving the reins of government in Narbonne in Aimeric's hands. Aimeric died on 14 October 1177. Raymond V recovered his rights in Narbonne and his ducal title. Peire Rogier, a troubadour who frequented Ermengarda's court, addressed a poem to the viscountess and Aimeric. It is one of Peire's few datable works, coming between the years of Aimeric's", "id": "7254812" }, { "contents": "Guilhem d'Anduza\n\n\nGuilhem d'Anduza (fl. 1244–81) was a minor troubadour active in the middle of the thirteenth century. He belonged to the family of the lords of Anduze, who were patrons of several other troubadours. He was the eldest son of Peire Bremon VII, the last lord of Anduze and Sauve, and Josserande de Poitiers. Most of his father's lands were confiscated for rebellion in 1244. Guilhem acquired the barony of Olargues through marriage and inherited Hierle on his father's death in 1254. His petition to recover Anduze and", "id": "15667365" }, { "contents": "Guillem de Ribes\n\n\nof Miralpeix (now part of Sitges), held by one of his vassals, when it came under siege by two rivals, Berenguer de Castellet and Eymerich de Espiells. The castle was taken in an assault and partially destroyed. In a lawsuit brought against Guillem in the early 1200s, it was alleged that he had deliberately impeded the defence of the castle to his own benefit. He was succeeded by his nephew, Ponç II. The troubadour Peire d'Alvernhe composed a song satirizing twelve contemporary troubadours. It was probably first performed", "id": "10989340" }, { "contents": "Peire Guillem de Tolosa\n\n\nPeire Guillem (or Guilhem) de Tolosa was a 13th-century troubadour from Toulouse. Only one \"sirventes\" he wrote (\"En Sordel, que us es semblan\"), a \"tenso\" with the contemporary Italian poet Sordello, survives. According to his \"vida\" he was a courtly man who loved high society. The author of the \"vida\" also expresses admiration for his couplets but bewails the excessive number he composed, though so few of his works survive to this day. He was also", "id": "15990053" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\ncan detect the moralising influence of Marcabru, with whom in whose old age he was possibly acquainted. One of Marcabru's late songs is a satire of an early one by Peire d'Alvernhe. Marcabru's complexity was also imparted to Peire. On the topic of courtly love, Peire, who had abandoned the religious life early, came to abandon the claims of \"fin'amor\" (\"fine love\") later. When Peire espouses love of the Holy Ghost over \"cortez' amors de bon aire\" (\"well-", "id": "6558332" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\nthem and beg their mercy.\" By far, however, Peire's most famous work is \"Chantarai d'aquest trobadors\", a \"sirventes\" written at Puivert (\"Puoich-vert\") in which he ridicules twelve contemporary troubadours (\"a poetical gallery\") and praises himself. It has been conjectured that this piece was first performed in the presence of all twelve of the ridiculed poets in late Summer 1170 while an embassy bringing Eleanor, daughter of Henry II of England, to her Spanish goorm Alfonso VIII of", "id": "6558336" }, { "contents": "Peire de la Caravana\n\n\nbeen dated to as early as 1157. However, Peire incites the Lombard cities by harkening back to the fate of the baronage of Apulia who had resisted the Germans earlier: \"Lombart, beus gardazbr \"Que ja non siazbr \"Pejer que compraz,br \"Si ferm non estaz!br \"De Pulla'us sovegnabr \"Dels valens barosbr \"Qu'il non an que pegnabr \"For de lor maisos;br \"Gardaz non devegnabr \"Autretal de vos! This has led some to date it to 1194, when Henry VI conquered Sicily or as late", "id": "20349650" }, { "contents": "Marcoat\n\n\nMarcoat was a minor Gascon troubadour and joglar who flourished in the mid twelfth century. He is often cited in connexion with Eleanor of Aquitaine and is placed in a hypothetical \"school\" of poetry which includes Bernart de Ventadorn, Marcabru, Cercamon, Jaufre Rudel, Peire Rogier, and Peire de Valeria among others. Of all his works, only two \"sirventes\" survive: \"Mentre m'obri eis huisel\" and \"Una re.us dirai, en Serra\". Marcoat was an innovator building off the work of the contemporary Gascon", "id": "10485658" }, { "contents": "Gonzalo Ruiz\n\n\nmarry Alfonso VIII of Castile, then the identification of Guossalbo Roitz with Gonzalo Ruiz of Bureba becomes probable. Peire has this to say about his eleventh \"victim\" in lines 67 to 72: Peire is making fun of Gonzalo's well-known military career. In fact, Peire may have learned about Gonzalo on a trip he made to Castile in the spring of 1158. If he did not meet Gonzalo at the Castilian court, where Gonzalo undoubtedly was between January and February, then he may have met him at the", "id": "12361307" }, { "contents": "Peire Bremon lo Tort\n\n\nToulouse in a stanza of Peire d'Alvernhe's satire of contemporary troubadours. \"Peire Bremon\" was not a rare name and it was shared by the later troubadour, sometimes erroneously identified with lo Tort (whose nickname means \"the Wrong\"), Peire Bremon Ricas Novas. Peire's earlier poem, \"Mei oill an gran manentia\", was written as the troubadour prepared to depart from Syria, where he had been staying. He left behind a beloved \"domna\" (lady), whom he celebrated in the poem", "id": "16694578" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nabout the nuns may have additional significance. His tone changes after this and his closing lines suggest though that all this is a miracle from the \"saintly fathers\", suggesting his acceptance of things: Cardenal.org says that some have interpreted these lines as suggesting that Peire married at this time. By the end of his life he appears reconciled to the new \"modus vivendi\" in southern France. He died at an advanced age (allegedly one hundred years old) possibly either in Montpellier or Nimes, but this is only a", "id": "4006804" }, { "contents": "Peire Vidal\n\n\nPeire Vidal (born mid-12th century) was an Old Occitan troubadour. Forty-five of his songs are extant. The twelve that still have melodies bear testament to the deserved nature of his musical reputation. There is no contemporary reference to Peire outside of his works of poetry. His \"vida\" (a short Occitan biography)—composed about fifty years after his death—and two \"razos\" (short commentaries on specific poems) are probably fictionalised works built on episodes from his poems. Only the opening line of the \"vida", "id": "7150829" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\ndaughter or perhaps Peire's wife Marie) and then apparently to the couple's son James I of Aragon, born at Candlemas, according to James's Chronicle. It's not clear who the \"crois hom\" or \"dreadful man\" is in the final couplet, whose deeds are \"piggish\": Peire has really never addressed anyone in this verse but Peter II and those close to him. (But dualism had by then made its way into some of the local religious views of Medieval Languedoc: in dualist philosophy", "id": "4006797" }, { "contents": "Guillem de Balaun\n\n\nVierneta when he next returned to see Guilhelma. After a long time he returned, did reconcile Peire and Vierneta, and gave Peire more joy than he had felt even when he first won his lady. In order to test whether or not the joy of recovering a lady was greater than that of winning her, Guillem acted as though he were very angry with her. He ceased to discuss her or hear her discussed, to send her messages, or to visit her region. She sent him pleading messengers and letters of", "id": "21063206" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nmaritz\", \"if I were wed\", suggest that he is not yet wed. The verse which follows provides evidence in the view of some that Peire married: it first mocks the \"barrenness that bears fruit\" of the \"[beguinas\" (beguines, who may have sometimes been associated with the Dominicans; Hill and Bergin in 1973 said this was a reference to nuns of the Dominican Order). Throughout the verse of course Peire had been poking fun at the Dominican clergy, but the comment", "id": "4006803" }, { "contents": "Antide Boyer\n\n\nhis father, a potter. He spent four years at the minor seminary of Marseille, where he lost his faith in Christianity. He met Pierre Mazière at the seminary, who later wrote under the nom-de-plume Peire Simoun. He worked for the Chemins de fer de Paris à Lyon et à la Méditerranée (PLM), then at the La Ciotat shipyards, and then ran a wholesale oil and soap store with his first wife. He was one of the founders of the Bouches-du-Rhone Socialist", "id": "16118352" }, { "contents": "Peire de Valeira\n\n\nthe Gironde. His \"vida\" places his birthplace in the fief of Arnaut Guillem de Marsan, who was himself a troubadour. He was a contemporary of Marcabru and originally a jongleur. His poems were typical for the time, according to Uc de Saint Circ, the probable author of his \"vida\", being about natural objects (like leaves, flowers, and birds), but not of great value to the biographer's time. But Uc saves his harshest critique for the end, as Elizabeth Poe relates:", "id": "18999207" }, { "contents": "Troubadour\n\n\nNicoletto da Torino, Peire Raimon de Tolosa, Peire Rogier, Peire de Valeira, Peirol, Pistoleta, Perdigon, Salh d'Escola, Uc de la Bacalaria, Uc Brunet, and Uc de Saint Circ were jongleur-troubadours. A \"vida\" is a brief prose biography, written in Occitan, of a troubadour. The word \"vida\" means \"life\" in Occitan. In the chansonniers, the manuscript collections of medieval troubadour poetry, the works of a particular author are often accompanied by a short prose biography.", "id": "16794140" }, { "contents": "Peire de la Caravana\n\n\nas 1225, when the city-states of northern Italy renewed the old Lombard League in opposition to Henry's son, Frederick I of Sicily, Holy Roman Emperor. Writing in Lombardy in the Occitan tongue under the nominal sovereignty of the German monarch, Peire took the opportunity to poke fun at the German language, writing in a famously debated passage: \"Granoglas resembla\" [\"la gent d'Alemanha\"]br \"En dir\"(\"e\"): Broder, guaz;br \"Lairan, quant s'asemblabr \"Cum cans enrabjaz\".brbr Frogs resemble [the people of", "id": "20349651" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\n. In his wanderings he may have spent some time at Cortezon, at the court of the minor nobleman and troubadour Raimbaut d'Aurenga. Peire lived a long into old age, and performed penance before dying. Peire wrote mostly \"cansos\", which, as his \"vida\" points out, were called \"vers\" in his day. He also invented the \"pious song\" and wrote six such poems dealing with serious themes of religion, piety, and spirituality. Even in his more profane works, however, one", "id": "6558331" }, { "contents": "Raymond Pilet d'Alès\n\n\nRaymond Pilet (Raymond de Narbonnne-Pelet) (1075-1120), the only child of Bernard I Pilet of Narbonne and his wife, whose name is unknown. Seigneur of Alès. Bernard was the son of Raymond II, Viscount of Narbone from 1066 to 1067. The name “pelet” refers to a fur that the nobility wore over their cuirass and coats-of-arms. Raymond distinguished himself as a great warrior during the First Crusade. Many of the chroniclers of the Crusades, including William of Tyre", "id": "10100689" }, { "contents": "Dalfi d'Alvernha\n\n\nGuillemette de Comborn, Countess of Montferrand, daughter of Archambaud, Viscount of Comborn, and Jourdaine of Périgord. Their children were Aélis, Guillaume (William, later Count of Clermont), Blanche, and Alix. Troubadours who worked with Dalfi or sang at his court include Peirol, Perdigon, Peire de Maensac, Gaucelm Faidit, and Uc de Saint Circ; his cousin, bishop Robert of Clermont, exchanged satirical and erotic verses with him, as did Richard Coeur de Lion. One \"partimen\" between Dauphin and Perdigon", "id": "11683786" }, { "contents": "Troubadour\n\n\nwhose style seems to have fallen out of favour, was the \"Gascon school\" of Cercamon, Peire de Valeira, and Guiraut de Calanso. Cercamon was said by his biographer to have composed in the \"old style\" (\"la uzansa antiga\") and Guiraut's songs were \"d'aquella saison\" (\"of that time\"). This style of poetry seems to be attached to early troubadours from Gascony and was characterised by references to nature: leaves, flowers, birds, and their songs. This Gascon", "id": "16794155" }, { "contents": "Aimeric de Belenoi\n\n\nAimeric de Belenoi (fl. 1215–1242) was a Gascon troubadour. At least fifteen of his songs survived. Seven others were attributed to him in some medieval manuscripts. Aimeric was born in the castle of Lesparra in the Bordelais (\"metropolis civitas Burdigalensium\", the modern Gironde). His uncle was another troubadour, Peire de Corbiac. His \"vida\" says he was a cleric and later a jongleur before he took to \"inventing good songs, which were beautiful and charming.\" He apparently was the feudal lord", "id": "15990224" }, { "contents": "Jaufre de Pons\n\n\nis a \"partimen\" with Guiraut Riquier (\"Guiraut Riquier, diatz me,\" composed probably 1270 or 1280–1). Jaufre's part in the debate consists in asking plain youthful questions about love only to receive the bitter and experienced answers of Guiraut in proverbial form. Jaufre was probably the husband of Isabeau, daughter of Henry II of Rodez, a patron of troubadours. In 1292 he rendered homage to the lord of Châteauroux. Some scholars have suspected that there were more than one Jaufre de Pons (one from the", "id": "20235204" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\nthe \"trobar braus\" as a legitimate format for \"rough\" themes. One anonymous song of the Fifth Crusade, \"Lo Senhre que formet lo tro\", written between Spring 1213 and July 1214 has been attributed to Peire d'Alvernhe, but the dating makes that impossible. In a \"tenso\" between a Bernart (probably Bernart de Ventadorn) and an unnamed Peire, perhaps Peire d'Alvernhe, the latter argues that \"it is not becoming for ladies to make love-pleas; it is fitting that men plead with", "id": "6558335" }, { "contents": "Peire Guillem de Tolosa\n\n\nsaid to have composed \"sirventes joglarescs\", or \"sirventes\" in the manner of joglars, in order to criticise \"the barons\" (presumably the high noblesse). He also wrote a work criticising the prolific trouvère Theobald I of Navarre. The troubadour Bertran Carbonel twice mentions another troubadour by the initials P.G., possibly indicating Peire Guilhem. He mourns a certain P.G. in a \"planh\", where the initials probably stand in the manuscript for a full name, since three syllables would be required by the metre.", "id": "15990054" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\nappearance and manners has been cited in support of the view that the parody was done in the presence of all twelve victims, further supporting the conclusion that the parody was good-natured. Besides the criticism of a personal nature, many of the criticism launched by Peire allude to the works of the others, notably those of Bernart de Ventadorn and Raimbaut d'Aurenga. Peire's \"vida\" acclaimed him an accomplished singer and the greatest composer of melodies for verses yet known. Peire's famous \"Chantarai d'aquest trobadors\" contains a", "id": "6558338" }, { "contents": "Peire de Corbiac\n\n\ncentury before its appearance in Latin as \"contrapunctus\", today's counterpoint. The \"Tezaur\" had a lasting influence in the Late Middle Ages. The Jew Emanuele da Roma wrote the \"Ninth Meḥabbereth\", a Hebrew poem based on the \"Tesoretto\" of Brunetto Latini, itself based on the \"Tezaur\" of Peire. Peire was a religious man, as the dedicatory first verse of his \"Tezaur\" attests: it contains a dedication to Jesus and Mary and a statement of Trinitarian faith. His prayer to", "id": "15078723" }, { "contents": "Amanieu de Sescars\n\n\nSicily, and 1291, when he inherited Aragon. Amanieu's second didactic work, the \"Ensenhamen de la donsela\" can be dated between 1291 and 1295 by a reference to James as King of Aragon and to the ongoing War of the Sicilian Vespers. It is addressed to an unnamed \"donsela\" (young woman) and is designed to teach her how to behave in courtly society and how to be respected. Amanieu's poetry is definitely influenced by Peire Vidal and also possibly by Arnaut de Maruelh. The later troubadour", "id": "7359304" } ]

[ { "contents": "Peire Pelet\n\n\nPeire Pelet (died 1303) was the \"conseigneur\" of Alès in the Languedoc. He was married to Delfina (Delphine), a sister of Henry II of Rodez. He is the senher d'Alest (the lord of Alès) referred to as a participant in the \"torneyamen\" \"Senhe n'Enric, us reys un ric avar\" along with his brother-in-law Henry and the troubadour Guiraut Riquier. Peire was descended from a Raymond Pelet who took part in the First Crusade. His father was Bernard Pelet", "id": "9562337" }, { "contents": "Peire Pelet\n\n\n, who died in September 1252, leaving his entire heritage to his eldest son, William, under the tutelage of Bernard de Barre, Guillaume de Pontils, and Jean de Bossoles. In 1253 William, with his tutors and his younger brothers, including Peire, received the homage of their father's vassals: Hugues de Melet, Pierre de Spinasson, and many others, in the presence of Pierre Gaucelin, Bérenger de la Fare, Arnaud d'Arsac, and Pierre Gaucelin de Follaquier. On the death of William without heirs Peire", "id": "9562338" }, { "contents": "Peire Pelet\n\n\nsucceeded him. He married Delfina sometime before April 1276, when her brother released a sum of money left her by their father, Henry I: a hundred marks of silver or 5,000 \"sols tournois\". In 1274 James I of Aragon renounced the homage and oath of fealty owed by Peire for his fief since his great-great-grandfather, Bertrand Pelet, Count of Melgueil, had rendered it to James's grandfather, Alfonso II. Peire then began a war with Bérenger de Frédol, Bishop of Maguelonne, over", "id": "9562339" }, { "contents": "Peire Pelet\n\n\nthe county of Melgueil, which at that time was held by the bishop from the Papacy. In 1276 the combatants were brought before the episcopal court of the Archdiocese of Narbonne. Peire lost the case and was ordered to pay 1,000 \"livres\" in compensation. Joseph Angalde placed the aforementioned \"torneyamen\" around 1280–1, before the death of Peire, which he believed occurred in 1282; after the return of Riquier from Castile in 1279; and after the succession of Henry, who he believed was referred to as \"coms", "id": "9562340" }, { "contents": "Peire Raimon de Tolosa\n\n\nPeire Ramon's name (as \"Petrus Raimundus\") appears in two documents of Toulouse, dated to 1182 and 1214. According to his \"vida\", he became a jongleur and travelled to the court of Alfonso II of Aragon, who bestowed great honour on him. The earliest datable work by Peire Ramon is a \"planh\" written on the death of Henry the Young King in 1183. According to his \"vida\" Peire passed \"a long time\" at the courts of Alfonso, William VIII of Montpellier", "id": "19379363" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\npoetry. Among the other troubadours Peire encountered in his travels were Aimeric de Belenoi and Raimon de Miraval. He may have met Daude de Pradas and Guiraut Riquier at Rodez. Peire was influenced by Cadenet, whom he honoured in one of his pieces. He was possibly influenced by Bernart de Venzac. In his early days he was a vehement opponent of the French, the clergy and the Albigensian Crusade. In the \"sirventes\", \"Ab votz d'angel, lengu' esperta, non bleza\", dated by Hill and", "id": "4006799" }, { "contents": "Peire Vidal\n\n\nMany of his early poems were addressed to Vierna de Porcellet, a relative of the count's. In some poems Peire, Vierna and Raymond form a love triangle. From Toulouse Peire went to the court of King Alfonso II of Aragon, where he remained in good favour until the king's death in 1196. He continued to occasionally visit the court of Alfonso's son, Peter II In the rivalry between the rulers of Toulouse and Aragon, Peire took the side of Aragon. He visited the court of King Alfonso VIII", "id": "7150831" }, { "contents": "William I of Cagliari\n\n\nhis death. Allegedly, he was a man of some culture, as he was in reportedly in contact with the Provençal troubadours Peire de la Caravana and Peire Vidal, likely to contract their services on behalf of his wealthy patrons. He was the son of Giorgia, daughter of Constantine II of Cagliari, and Obert, Margrave of Massa. He was a brother of William, Margrave of Massa. His paternal relatives were a branch of the Obertenghi who ruled Massa Lunense from the 11th century. Constantine II's eldest daughter married", "id": "6352696" }, { "contents": "Peire de Valeira\n\n\n.\" Peire's entire \"vida\", found in MSS \"I\" and \"K\", however, is probably unreliable, since it appears to confuse him with another Gascon troubadour, Arnaut de Tintinhac. Peire is often placed in a hypothetical \"school\" of poetry which includes Bernart de Ventadorn, Cercamon, Jaufre Rudel, Marcabru, Marcoat, and Peire Rogier among others. Further, the references in his \"vida\" to songs of the time concerning leaves, flowers, songs, and birds may be evidence", "id": "18999209" }, { "contents": "Bertran de Gourdon\n\n\n. Bertran surrendered promptly to the Crusaders under Simon de Montfort in May 1218 and did homage to Simon for his lands. Bertran wrote a comic \"tenso\", that is poetical debate, with Peire Raimon de Tolosa, now known by the incipit \"Totz tos afars es nienz\". It was dated to before 1211 by Joseph Anglade on the basis that Bertran was probably not at odds with his fellow southern barons yet if he was, as Anglade, suspects, playing host and patron to Peire Raimon, who had just", "id": "17663226" }, { "contents": "Peire de la Mula\n\n\npoet named only \"Mola\" who exchanged some verses with Guilhem Raimon. He may be the same individual as Peire de la Mula, but he has also been identified with the \"joglars\" Tremoleta. One of Peire's surviving couplets, \"Ia de razon no.m cal metr'en pantais\", can be dated to before 1185 on the basis of a reference to \"Androin\"(\"e\"), that is, Andronicus I Comnenus, who died that year. It was a screed against the young and rich. Peire's other couplet", "id": "13683550" }, { "contents": "Peire Raimon de Tolosa\n\n\n, and a certain \"Count Raymond\", which could refer to either Raymond V of Toulouse or, more probably, Raymond VI. He also spent time in Italy (Lombardy and Piedmont), at the courts of Thomas I of Savoy, Guglielmo Malaspina, and Azzo VI of Este. Azzo's daughter Beatriz was the addressee of one of Peire's poems. Eventually Peire settled down with a wife in Pamiers and there he died. Peire was reputed as a singer and composer of \"cansos\". His work is", "id": "19379364" }, { "contents": "Peire Vidal\n\n\n\" is probably reliable. It says that he \"was from Toulouse, the son of a furrier\": \"si fo de Tolosa, fils d'un pelissier\". The fur and leather industry was well established in Toulouse, near the church of Saint Pierre des Cuisines, in the twelfth century. Peire started his career, along with the troubadour Bernart Durfort, at the court of Count Raymond V of Toulouse around 1176. He continued there until 1190, when he left to seek another patron after quarrelling with the count.", "id": "7150830" }, { "contents": "Guilhem Peire Cazals de Caortz\n\n\nGuilhem Peire Cazals de Caortz or Guilhem Peire de Cazals was a troubadour of the first half of the thirteenth century. He was born or lived in Cahors, Quercy, from which his name \"de Caortz\". Eleven of his works, including one \"tenso\", survive. The only sure way to date Guilhem Peire's life and work is by his \"tenso\" with Bernart de la Barta, who was alive in 1229, and by a \"sirventes\" of Guilhem Figueira, \"Un nou sirventes ai en", "id": "12553937" }, { "contents": "Peire Vidal\n\n\nof Castile at Toledo in 1195 and intermittently thereafter until 1201. He also stayed for a time at the court of King Alfonso IX of León, where the Galician–Portuguese lyric was favoured over the Occitan. Among Peire's many lesser patrons were Lord William VIII of Montpellier and his wife, the Byzantine princess Eudokia Komnene. (William was both a vassal of Peter II and his father-in-law.) Peire attended the Aragonese court during some of its visits to Narbonne, but although the ruling viscountess of that", "id": "7150832" }, { "contents": "Peire de la Mula\n\n\nPeire (or Pietro) de la Mula (\"fl. c.\" 1200) was an Italian troubadour. Of his writings a pair of couplets and one \"sirventes\" are all that survive. According to his \"vida\", he was a \"joglars\" and \"trobaire\" (troubadour) who stayed for a long time in Montferrat, Cortemilia, and the Piedmont at the court of Ottone del Carretto (fl. 1190–1233). This places Peire's activity before 1209, when Ottone lost Cortemilia. It has", "id": "13683548" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nsupposition, based on where the biographer and compiler Miquel de la Tor was active. Three of Peire's songs have surviving melodies, but two (for a \"canso\" and a \"sirventes\") were composed by others: Guiraut de Bornelh and Raimon Jordan respectively. Like many of his contemporary troubadours, Peire merely composed \"contrafacta\". The third, for \"Un sirventesc novel vuelh comensar\", may be Peire's own work. It is similar to the borrowed melody of Guiraut de Bornelh, mostly syllabic with", "id": "4006805" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\nas the \"Petrus d'Alvengue\" and \"Petrus de Alvernia\" who appear in surviving documents from Montpellier dated to the year 1148. Peire appears to have cultivated the favour of the ruling family of the Crown of Aragon, and his poems contain allusions to the counts of Barcelona and Provence. Perhaps he was following the fashion of the lords of Montpellier of his time, who, though vassals of the Count of Toulouse, were partial to the Aragonese. At the same time Peire did garner the support of Raymond V of Toulouse", "id": "6558330" }, { "contents": "Peire de Maensac\n\n\nPeire de Maensac was an Auvergnat knight and troubadour. He was from Maensac (either Mauzat, Manzat or Mainsat) in the lands of Dalfi d'Alvernha. He came from the petty nobility. His brother Austor or Austors was also a troubadour, but none of his works survives. According to Peire's \"vida\" the brothers agreed that one of them would \"have the castle\" (i.e. inherit) and the other would be the \"inventor\" (i.e. troubadour). Peire became the troubadour. He wrote poems dedicated", "id": "6679234" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nworldly deeds might be seen as \"piggish\".) Peire subsequently travelled widely, visiting the courts of Auvergne, Les Baux, Foix, Rodez, and Vienne. He may have even ventured into Spain and met Alfonso X of Castile, and James I of Aragon, although he never mentions the latter by name in his poems. (James is however of course mentioned in Peire's \"vida\".) During his travels Peire was accompanied by a suite of jongleurs, some of whom receive mention by name in his", "id": "4006798" }, { "contents": "Peire Raimon de Tolosa\n\n\ncharacterised by themes of nature. His style was hermetic. He imitated the troubadours Cadenet and Arnaut Daniel and was in turn imitated by Bertran de Born, especially as regards his use of natural imagery. Bertran went so far as to copy almost a whole stanza from Peire's \"No.m puesc sofrir d'una leu chanso faire.\" In \"Us noels pessamens\", Peire even anticipates the Tuscan poet Dante Alighieri. Peire is complaining about a mistress who first beckoned him and then broke her promise to him when he says: Peire", "id": "19379365" }, { "contents": "Aimeric de Belenoi\n\n\nwhere he probably had contact with Aimeric de Pegulhan, Albertet de Sestaro, Guillem Augier Novella and Peirol. He may also have made the acquaintance of Peire Cardenal. Aimeric went to Castile before making his final trip to Catalonia. His last datable work was \"Nulhs hom en res no falh\", a \"planh\" for Nuño Sánchez, who died in 1242. This \"planh\" was addressed to the \"comtessa Beatris\", wife of Raymond Berengar IV of Provence, and \"senher N'Imo\", her brother Aimone", "id": "15990226" }, { "contents": "Peire Bremon Ricas Novas\n\n\nproensal\", with its reference to \"us Provençals\". Peire's first datable work is a \"tenso\" written at the court of Raymond Berengar IV of Provence in 1230 with Gui de Cavalhon. At the court of Provence Peire also met Bertran d'Alamanon and Sordello, whose \"planh\" for Blacatz he imitated. Peire left the court of Raymond Berengar sometime in or after 1237 and went to that of Barral of Baux and thence to that of Raymond VII of Toulouse. Though there is no record of his having visited", "id": "12717295" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nsecond stanza Peire mentions Peter's success in the Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa; in the third he alludes to the sacking of Béziers (whose count Raymond Roger Trencavel was supposed to have been Peter's vassal): at Béziers the poorer soldiers of the Inquisition were flogged by the wealthier, and this is the theme of the stanza. Peire's mention of the court of Constantine may also again evoke the divorce proceedings of Peter and Marie where Peire ultimately lost. Peire later alludes to the death of someone (perhaps a", "id": "4006796" }, { "contents": "Elias de Barjols\n\n\naffability\" of Giraut IV Trencaleon d'Armagnac, the \"generosity\" of Randon (a lord of this name died before 1219, when he is mentioned in the testament of his son-in-law; he was the nephew of the troubadour Garin lo Brun), the \"good responses\" of Dalfi d'Alvernha, the \"wits\" of \"Peir cui es Monleos\" (maybe the troubadour Peire de Gavaret), the \"chivalry\" of Brian, the \"wisdom\" of Bertran, the \"courtesy\" of a", "id": "20595774" }, { "contents": "Peire Guilhem de Luserna\n\n\nPeire Guilhem de Luserna () was a Piedmontese troubadour. Peire's identity as an Italian has been up for debate since the 19th century. \"Luserna\" more probably refers to Luserna in the Piedmont, rich and populous in Peire’s time, a town on the left bank of the Pellice lying on the road into the Viennois and Dauphiné, Occitan-speaking territories. On the other hand, it may be Lusarne (\"Luserna\" in Italian) in the Leberon valley in Provence, on the road between Reillane in", "id": "10437582" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nPeire del Puei, li trobador\" with Aimeric de Pegulhan. At Raymond's court also perhaps, probably in 1213, Peire composed a \"sirventes\", \"Las amairitz, qui encolpar las vol\", which may have encouraged Peter II of Aragon to help Toulouse in the Battle of Muret, where Peter died. In this \"sirventes\" Peire alludes first perhaps to the accusations of adultery that Peter had leveled against Peter's wife Maria of Montpellier but also perhaps to the various changes in law governing women. In the", "id": "4006795" }, { "contents": "Peire Lunel de Montech\n\n\nPeire Lunel de Montech (fl. 1326–1384), also known as Cavalier Lunel or Peire de Lunel, was a lawyer, politician and author of Toulouse. His name indicates he was a knight (\"cavalier\" in Occitan) from Montech. In his youth he was a troubadour. A \"canso\", a Crusading song, a \"sirventes\", an \"ensenhamen\" and some moralising \"coblas esparsas\" survive of his work. The Crusading song is dated to around 1326. It is a critique of King", "id": "11493706" }, { "contents": "Ermengarde, Viscountess of Narbonne\n\n\nthe langue d'oïl in the north. She corresponded with many troubadours, including Peire Rogier, Giraut de Bornelh, Peire d'Alvergne, Pons d'Ortafa, and Salh d'Escola, as well as the trobairitz Azalais de Porcairagues. In addition it is believed that she welcomed to her court Rognvald II of Orkney, a Viking prince that became a saint, and poet, who composed skaldic poetry for her. Without issue after two unhappy marriages, Ermengarde designated as heir Pedro Manrique de Lara -the second but eldest surviving son of her half-sister", "id": "17254566" }, { "contents": "Peire de Corbiac\n\n\nPeire de Corbiac or Corbian was a Gascon cleric and troubadour of the thirteenth century. His most famous works are a religious piece, the \"Prière à la Vierge\" (prayer to the Virgin), and his \"treasures\", \"Lo tezaurs\" (c. 1225). Peire was born at Corbiac near Bordeaux to a poor family. He was educated at Orléans in the Scholastic tradition. His nephew was the troubadour Aimeric de Belenoi, whose \"vida\" refers to him as \"maestre\" (master, teacher", "id": "15078720" }, { "contents": "Peire de la Caravana\n\n\nGermany]br In saying: \"Brother, watz!\"br The sound of which as much resemblesbr Dogs barking. The German word \"watz\" is said to be an interjection resembling the clinking of glasses and proposes a toast. Peire also had ties to Sardinia. He dedicated his \"D'un serventes faire\" to a \"senhal Malgrat de toz\", which has been identified as Barisone II of Arborea, who was crowned King of Sardinia at Pavia by the Emperor Frederick I in return for 4,000 silver marks from Genoa, but was later deposed", "id": "20349652" }, { "contents": "Pere de Montsó\n\n\n. If Pattison's reconstruction of events surrounding Peire d'Alvernhe's satire is correct, however, Pere de Montsó was attached to the Spanish entourage (possibly as a jongleur) of Eleanor, daughter of Henry II of England and fiancée of Alfonso VIII of Castile, who was travelling through Gascony on her way to Spain when she and her entourage were entertained by Peire's satire. Pattison suggest on the basis of this stanza that the troupe had also travelled through the lands of Toulouse and met in the presence of the Count, whose", "id": "11269399" }, { "contents": "Occitan literature\n\n\nof Ventadour's father was a servant, Peire Vidal's a maker of furred garments, Perdigon's a fisher. Others belonged to the bourgeoisie, Peire d'Alvernha, for example, Peire Raimon of Toulouse, and Elias Fonsalada. Likewise we see merchants' sons as troubadours; this was the case with Folquet of Marseille and Aimeric de Peguilhan. A great many were clerics, or at least studied for the Church, for instance, Arnaut de Mareuil, Uc de Saint Circ, Aimeric de Belenoi, Hugh Brunet, Peire Cardenal", "id": "11312613" }, { "contents": "Pere de Montsó\n\n\nPere de Montsó (fl. 1173), also Peire de Monzo(n), was an Aragonese troubadour, though none of his compositions survive. He was probably from Monzón near the border with Catalonia, but he may have hailed from Monzón de Campos in Castile, as Ramón Menéndez Pidal believed. He is the subject of the eighth stanza of a famous satire of twelve troubadours by Peire d'Alvernhe. This stanza has different readings: The verse is very unclear. The first reading suggests that Raymond V of Toulouse had heard Pere sing", "id": "11269398" }, { "contents": "Peire de Barjac\n\n\nPeire de Barjac was a Languedocian troubadour who flourished in the first half of the thirteenth century. He was a descendant of the troubadours Guillem de Randon and Garin lo Brun. Only one of poem that was certainly written by Peire survives: \"Tot francamen, domna, veing denan vos\". The rubric above the poem in the manuscript labels it a \"conjat\" and scholars have classified it as a \"mala canso\", or bad \"canso\". It is a song about leaving his lover. Many other songs", "id": "8049259" }, { "contents": "Pierre Roger de Cabaret\n\n\nPierre Roger de Cabaret (French) or Pèire Rogièr de Cabaret (Occitan) (fl. 13th century) was a military leader of the Occitan forces in the Albigensian Crusade. He inherited three hilltop castles near modern-day Lastours from his father. He was a patron of the troubadours, including Peire Vidal. He was a vassal of viscount Raymond Roger Trencavel, and was present with him during the siege of the castrum of Carcassonne in early stages of the Albigensian Crusade in 1209. Allegedly, Pierre-Roger advised Trencavel", "id": "11128862" }, { "contents": "Peire Raimon de Tolosa\n\n\nPeire Raimon de Tolosa (or Toloza; fl. 1180–1220) was a troubadour from the merchant class of Toulouse. He is variously referred to as \"lo Viellz\" (\"the Old\") and \"lo Gros\" (\"the Fat\"), though these are thought by some to refer to two different persons. On the other hand, \"lo Viellz\" could refer to his being of an early generation of troubadours. Eighteen of Peire Ramon's poems survive, one \"canso\" with a melody.", "id": "19379362" }, { "contents": "Peire Vidal\n\n\ncity, Ermengarde, was a notable patron of troubadours (like Azalais de Porcairagues) there is no indication that she patronised Peire or that he wrote songs for her. Peire was also associated with Raimon Jaufre Barral, viscount of Marseille and brother-in-law of Vierna. Barral's son-in-law, Hugh of Baux, was also a patron of Peire Vidal. The troubadour Blacatz, a relative of Hugh's and of modest wealth, was a patron. Peire Vidal is referenced in Ezra Pound's poem", "id": "7150833" }, { "contents": "Peire Guilhem de Luserna\n\n\nthe Basses-Alpes and Bastide-des-Jourdans. Peire was probably at the court of the Este beginning in 1221, during the reign of Azzo VII, husband of Giovanna, the object of one of Peire's songs. Sometime before arriving at Ferrara, Peire was probably at the court of Manfred III of Saluzzo. In 1220 Aimeric de Peguilhan, then at the Malaspina court, mentioned him in a poem—\"Ni un autre tirador / qu’eu no vuoill dir de Luserna\"—as being among a quintet of Occitan poets at Saluzzo: Peire", "id": "10437583" }, { "contents": "Gonzalo Ruiz\n\n\nthe 1170s. If Gonzalo Ruiz is de Azagra, it should be noted that his brother's daughter, Tota Pérez, was married to Diego López de Haro—with whom the lord of La Bureba had a connexion—who was a great patron of troubadours. Rigaut de Barbezill, Peire Vidal, and Aimeric de Pegulhan all spent time at his court, as did Rodrigo Díaz de los Cameros, his son-in-law, one of the earliest Galician-Portuguese troubadours. Riquer attaches the Castilian embassy in France circa", "id": "12361311" }, { "contents": "Peire de la Caravana\n\n\nPeire de la Caravana (also Cavarana, Gavarana, or Cà Varana, perhaps meaning \"near Verona\") was an Italian troubadour (\"trovatore\") in Lombardy in the late 12th and early 13th centuries. He was one of the earliest Occitan troubadours in Italy. He is famous for his \"sirventes\". Among his preserved works are the \"sirventes\" \"D'un serventes faire\" and \"La Paz de Costanza\". Peire wrote the first encouraging the communes of northern Italy to resist German overlorship, which has", "id": "20349649" }, { "contents": "Peire Rogier\n\n\nlong time. From Raimbaut's court he moved on to sojourn at that of Alfonso VIII of Castile, then that of Alfonso II of Aragon, and finally that of Raymond V of Toulouse, where he arrived circa 1170. According to his \"vida\", he became much esteemed as a troubadour through his travels, but there is no evidence otherwise for any movements in Spain, except perhaps the assembly of troubadours at the court of Aragon mentioned in a work of Peire d'Alvernhe (which need not have taken place).", "id": "1085906" }, { "contents": "Peire de Bussignac\n\n\nPeire de Bussignac, Bossinhac, or Bocinhac (fl. c. 1160) was a nobleman, cleric, and troubadour from the Périgord. He was probably from Bussignac in Hautefort, but possibly Boussignac in Tulle. He was, according to his \"vida\", \"from the castle of Bertran de Born\". Though his \"vida\" speaks of \"good \"sirventes\"\" to reproach ladies for bad behaviour and \"sirventes\" attacking Bertran, only one \"sirventes\" by Peire survives: \"Quan lo dous temps", "id": "6679237" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\nCastile sojourned at Puivert. If the above date is not accepted, it can be probably dated later than 1165—since Giraut de Borneill was only active from c.1170—and certainly before 1173, when Raimbaut d'Aurenga died. The Monge de Montaudon later composed a parody of Peire's satire, \"Pos Peire d'Alvernhl a chantat\". \"Chantarai d'aquest trobadors\" is near universally regarded today as playful parody and not as a work of serious literary or artistic criticism. The obscurity of most of the ridiculed poets and the attack upon such personal characteristics as", "id": "6558337" }, { "contents": "Arnaut de Tintinhac\n\n\nattitude towards encouraging courtly love he also resembles the early troubadours. Like other early Gascon troubadours, such as Peire de Valeira, he employed nature metaphors, as at the beginning of this song: The \"vida\" of Peire de Valeira seems to confuse its intended subject with Arnaut (at least at some points). It goes like this: Peire de Valeira was from Gascony, from the land of Lord Arnaut Guillem de Marsan. He was a minstrel at the very same time in which Marcabru lived, and he composed", "id": "12717977" }, { "contents": "Peire de Valeira\n\n\nPeire de Valeira, Valeria, or Valera (fl. early–mid twelfth century) was a Gascon troubadour. Since troubadour poetry probably originated in northwest Aquitaine (Poitou and Saintonge) and first spread—within a generation—south into Gascony, Peire was one of the earliest troubadours. Only two of his poems survive, one \"canso\" (\"Vezer volgra n'Ezelgarda\") and one \"cobla\" (\"Qui qu'Amors don son voler\"). His birthplace was Valera, near Podensac and Saint-Macaire in", "id": "18999206" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Ussel\n\n\nPeire d'Ussel or d'Uisel (\"Pèire d'Ussèl\" in modern Occitan; fl. c. 1200) was a Limousin troubadour, the middle of three brothers, castellans of the castle of Ussel-sur-Sarzonne, northeast of Ventadorn. His elder brother was Eble and his younger Gui, and he also had a cousin named Elias; all four were troubadours. According to Gui's \"vida\", Peire descanted his relatives’ songs. This should not be understood to imply that Peire was only a musician. One \"cobla", "id": "14026658" }, { "contents": "Peyre de Rius\n\n\nPeyre de Rius (\"fl.\"1344–86) was an Occitan troubadour from Foix. He wrote under the patronage of Gaston Phoebus, Count of Foix, and Peter the Ceremonious, King of Aragon. He is one of the few troubadours known by name who lived for a time at Peter's court in Barcelona. His name in standardised Occitan is \"Peire\" or \"Pèire\", in Catalan it is \"Pere\", and in modern French \"Pierre\". An obscure reference to a Pere Riu among some \"", "id": "16102630" }, { "contents": "Matfre Ermengau\n\n\n) of the work, \"Perilhos tractatz d'amor de donas, seguon qu'en han tractat li antic trobador en lurs cansos\", structured as a dialogue between the defenders Love and her critics, is filled with citations (266 by some counts) of other troubadours and even some trouvères; Matfre cited himself six (Jeanroy) or nine (Paden) times and cited his brother Peire twice. He was careful to cite poets from different eras, but his favourites appear to be Aimeric de Peguilhan, Bernart de Ventadorn, and Peire", "id": "4121404" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nhim to vernacular lyric poetry and he abandoned his career in the church for \"the vanity of this world\", according to his \"vida\". Peire began his career at the court of Raymond VI of Toulouse—from whom he sought patronage—and a document of 1204 refers to a \"Petrus Cardinalis\" as a scribe of Raymond's chancery. At Raymond's court, however, he appears to have been known as Peire del Puoi or Puei (). Around 1238 he wrote a \"partimen\" beginning \"", "id": "4006794" }, { "contents": "Peire de la Mula\n\n\n, \"Una leig vei d'escuoill\", was also an attack on minstrels (\"joglars\"), who, at his time, were bringing their \"insolence\" from across the Alps into the presence of the \"pros\" (powerful) of Italy. Peire refers in this work to both Breton (\"Bretz\") and Norman (\"Normans\") minstrels. Peire's only full-length work to survive, \"Dels joglars servir mi laisse\", is a \"sirventes joglaresc\", a \"sirventes", "id": "13683551" }, { "contents": "Sancha of Castile, Queen of Aragon\n\n\nSancha of Castile (21 September 1154/5 – 9 November 1208) was the only surviving child of King Alfonso VII of Castile by his second wife, Richeza of Poland. On January 18, 1174, she married King Alfonso II of Aragon at Zaragoza; they had at least eight children who survived into adulthood. A patroness of troubadours such as Giraud de Calanson and Peire Raymond, the queen became involved in a legal dispute with her husband concerning properties which formed part of her dower estates. In 1177 she entered the county of", "id": "21291157" }, { "contents": "Ottone del Carretto\n\n\nin 1217. He predeceased his father in 1228. His second son, Enrico (Henry), married Beatrice, daughter of Boniface I of Montferrat. A third son, Manfredo (Manfred), is only attested in one document of 1242 in the \"Codex Astensis\". Ottone was a patron of several troubadours, composers of Old Occitan lyric poetry. He is prominent in the \"vida\" (short vernacular biography) of Peire de la Mula. In one manuscript his name is given as \"miser N'Ot del Carret", "id": "18951554" }, { "contents": "Peire de Barjac\n\n\nare attributed to multiple troubadours in the manuscripts. Some attributed to Peire are also attributed to Peire de Bussignac, Berenguier de Palazol, Elias de Barjols, Guillem de la Tor, Pons de Capdoill and Uc de Saint Circ; yet few of these other attributions are reliable. One song attributed to Peire in one manuscript is unattributed in another. Stronski argues that the attribution to Elias de Barjols was an emendation by the scribe confronted with the unfamiliar name Peire de Barjac. Napolski considered the attribution to Pons de Capdoill dubious. Alfred", "id": "8049260" }, { "contents": "Uc de Lescura\n\n\nUc de Lescura or de l'Escura (fl. 1190–1204) was a minor troubadour. The \"Lescura\" of his birth is unknown. There is a Lescurre in Ariège, Aveyron, and Tarn. Based on references in his work, historian Alfred Adler placed him at the court of Alfonso VIII of Castile (whom he calls \"emperor\") and in Catalonia. Uc's only existing work is a \"sirventes\", \"De mots ricos no tem Peire Vidal\", that begins with a \"gab\" proclaiming his", "id": "7146555" }, { "contents": "Peire de Montagut\n\n\nPeire de Montagut (? – 28 January 1232) was Grand Master of the Knights Templar from 1218 to 1232. He took part in the Fifth Crusade and was against the Sultan of Egypt's conditions for raising the siege of Damietta. He was previously Master of the Crown of Aragon. A close friend of Guillaume de Chartres, it was most likely the trust the previous Grand Master had in him which meant he himself was elected so quickly in 1218. At the same time, the Grand Master of the Knights Hospitaller was", "id": "11505219" }, { "contents": "Alfonso II of Aragon\n\n\ntaking a lover who is richer than herself. The debate had been begun by Guilhem de Saint-Leidier and was taken up by Azalais de Porcairagues and Raimbaut of Orange; there was also a \"partimen\" on the topic between Dalfi d'Alvernha and Perdigon. Alfonso and his love affairs are mentioned in poems by many troubadours, including Guillem de Berguedà (who criticized his dealings with Azalais of Toulouse) and Peire Vidal, who commended Alfonso's decision to marry Sancha rather than Eudokia Komnene that he had preferred a poor Castilian maid", "id": "20647088" }, { "contents": "Peire de Ladils\n\n\nPeire de Ladils de Bazas (; fl. 1325–1355) was a Gascon troubadour associated with the Consistori del Gay Saber in Toulouse. He was from Bazas in the Gironde and he served as advocate for the Cathédrale Saint-Jean-Baptiste. His surviving work comprises four \"cansos\", three \"dansas\", and two \"partimens\". In 1340 he composed a political \"partimen\" with Raimon de Cornet. He, and presumably Raimon also, was apparently well-read in the romantic literature of his time. His", "id": "11791403" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\nspirited courtly love\") he is the only troubadour to ever use the term \"courtly love\". Marcabrunian influence can be seen here too. In a later Crusade song, Peire defended Marcabru's abandonment of the \"carnal amar\". He advocates \"gran sabers ni purs\" (\"great and pure wisdom\") through \"bon'amor\" (\"good love\"). Along with Bernart Marti, Bernart de Venzac, and Gavaudan, Peire was part of a \"Marcabrunian school\". Nonetheless, as mentioned above", "id": "6558333" }, { "contents": "Guilhem Peire Cazals de Caortz\n\n\ncor que trameta\", composed in 1240, which mirrors \"D'una leu chanso ai cor que m'entremeta\", a \"canso\" by Guilhem Peire, in metre and rhyme and therefore gives a \"terminus ante quem\" for the \"tenso\"'s composition. Nine of Guilhem Peire's poems are dedicated to a certain friend and jongleur known only by the affectionate \"senhal\" \"Ardit\". Generally he wrote in the trobar ric genre, and in his \"leu chanso\" (\"canso\" in the trobar leu", "id": "12553938" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\n. The author of his \"vida\", editorialising, considers his poems to have been the greatest until Giraut de Borneill and his melodies to have been the best ever. The anonymous biographer records that his information about Peire's later years comes from Dalfi d'Alvernha. It has been suggested that Dalfi was the author of the \"vida\". According to an accusation of fellow troubadour Bernart Marti, Peire entered upon a religious life early, but quit Holy Orders for a life of itinerant minstrelsy. He may be the same person", "id": "6558329" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nan opponent of Christianity or even the Crusades. In \"Totz lo mons es vestitiz et abrazatz\" he urged Philip III of France, who had recently succeeded his father, Louis IX, who died in 1270 on the failed Eighth Crusade, to go to the aid of Edward Longshanks, then on the Ninth Crusade in Syria. Near the end of the \"sirventes\", \"Ab votz d'angel, lengu' esperta, non bleza\", composed as noted probably around 1229, Peire's words, \"[s]'ieu fos", "id": "4006802" }, { "contents": "Albert Malaspina\n\n\nAlbert Malaspina (1160/1165–1206/1212), called Alberto Moro (\"the Moor\") and \"lo marches putanier\" (\"the whoring marquess\"), was a member of the illustrious Malaspina family. He was a noted troubadour and patron of troubadours. Albert disputes with Peire de la Caravana the position of earliest native Italian troubadour. He was a son of Obizzo I the Great and husband of a daughter of William V of Montferrat. His brother-in-law Boniface I of Montferrat and his nephews Corrado (Conrad)", "id": "17471547" }, { "contents": "Peire de Corbiac\n\n\n) and Peire elsewhere calls himself \"maistre\". Certainly Peire's \"Tezaur\" is didactic in nature: his purpose in writing was to convince the wise that though he was poor in material terms he was richer still. Composed in 840 alexandrines, the \"Tezaur\" is an encyclopaedic compilation of all that the troubadour knew. The work displays a great breadth of knowledge. He expends 547 lines narrating the chief events of the Old and New Testaments, then discusses the seven liberal arts, medicine, surgery, necromancy,", "id": "15078721" }, { "contents": "Peire de Valeira\n\n\nfor an early troubadour genre which did not survive. It may also be that the distinctiveness of Peire's genre was regional, a Gascon style. The later Gascon troubadour Guiraut de Calanso wrote verses that were \"d'aquella saison\" (\"of that time\") and disliked in Provence, perhaps pointing to a Gascon tradition (or \"literary fad\") which was not popular outside of \"Gascoigna\" (Gascony). The \"paubra valor\" (\"poor value\") of Peire's songs may be a reflection", "id": "18999210" }, { "contents": "Henry II of Rodez\n\n\nHenry II (Occitan: \"Enric II de Rodés\") (c. 1236–1304), of the House of Millau, was the Count of Rodez and Viscount of Carlat from 1274 until his death. He was the son of Hugh IV of Rodez and Isabeau de Roquefeuil. Henry II was a troubadour and patron of troubadours. He composed six poems that survive: four \"tensos\" and two \"partimens\" (alternatively five \"torneyamens\"). His short \"vida\" records an exchange of couplets between \"lo coms", "id": "16712769" }, { "contents": "Peire Bremon lo Tort\n\n\nPeire Bremon lo Tort (or Bremonz lo Tortz) (\"fl.\" 1177) was a troubadour from the Viennois. Though only two of his pieces (both love songs) survive, his poetry is characterised by Francoprovençalisms. According to his short \"vida\", he was \"honoured by all the notable men.\" Peire Bremon has been identified with the Petrus Bermudi and Peire Bremont found in documents of 1160 pertaining to the Dauphiné. He is possibly the same person as the Peire Bremon related to the Counts of", "id": "16694577" }, { "contents": "Bernart Marti\n\n\nBernart Marti was a troubadour, composing poems and satires in Occitan, in the mid twelfth century. They show that he was influenced by his contemporaries Marcabru and knew Peire d'Alvernha, whom, in one poem, he accused of abandoning holy orders. Along with Peire, Gavaudan, and Bernart de Venzac he is sometimes placed in a hypothetical Marcabrunian school. His work is \"enigmatic, ironic, and satiric\", but has no following among later troubadours, according to Gaunt and Kay. Nine or ten of Marti's poems", "id": "14690002" }, { "contents": "Occitan literature\n\n\nthe part he is said to have played both by his sword and his sirveniescs in the struggle between Henry II of England and his rebel sons, though the importance of his part in the events of the time seems to have been greatly exaggerated; Peire Vidal of Toulouse, a poet of varied inspiration who grew rich with gifts bestowed on him by the greatest nobles of his time; Guiraut de Borneil, \"lo macsire dels trobadors\", and at any rate master in the art of the so-called close style (", "id": "11312610" }, { "contents": "Peire de Maensac\n\n\nto the (unnamed) wife of Bernart de Tierci. According to his \"vida\" he sang so much to her that she eventually allowed herself to be \"abducted\" by him. He fled with her to the castle of Dalf d'Alvernha, but her husband waged a \"great war\" to bring her back. Dalfi reputedly defended the castle so well that Bernart was unable to ever reclaim her. Peire was called a \"pleasant companion\" by his biographer. He wrote mostly \"cansos\" of courtly love with \"", "id": "6679235" }, { "contents": "Aimerico Manrique de Lara\n\n\ndefend the rights of the viscounts of Narbonne, recognising the rights of Aimeric at the same time. In early 1176, Ermengarda to retired to the monastery of Fontfroide, leaving the reins of government in Narbonne in Aimeric's hands. Aimeric died on 14 October 1177. Raymond V recovered his rights in Narbonne and his ducal title. Peire Rogier, a troubadour who frequented Ermengarda's court, addressed a poem to the viscountess and Aimeric. It is one of Peire's few datable works, coming between the years of Aimeric's", "id": "7254812" }, { "contents": "Guilhem d'Anduza\n\n\nGuilhem d'Anduza (fl. 1244–81) was a minor troubadour active in the middle of the thirteenth century. He belonged to the family of the lords of Anduze, who were patrons of several other troubadours. He was the eldest son of Peire Bremon VII, the last lord of Anduze and Sauve, and Josserande de Poitiers. Most of his father's lands were confiscated for rebellion in 1244. Guilhem acquired the barony of Olargues through marriage and inherited Hierle on his father's death in 1254. His petition to recover Anduze and", "id": "15667365" }, { "contents": "Guillem de Ribes\n\n\nof Miralpeix (now part of Sitges), held by one of his vassals, when it came under siege by two rivals, Berenguer de Castellet and Eymerich de Espiells. The castle was taken in an assault and partially destroyed. In a lawsuit brought against Guillem in the early 1200s, it was alleged that he had deliberately impeded the defence of the castle to his own benefit. He was succeeded by his nephew, Ponç II. The troubadour Peire d'Alvernhe composed a song satirizing twelve contemporary troubadours. It was probably first performed", "id": "10989340" }, { "contents": "Peire Guillem de Tolosa\n\n\nPeire Guillem (or Guilhem) de Tolosa was a 13th-century troubadour from Toulouse. Only one \"sirventes\" he wrote (\"En Sordel, que us es semblan\"), a \"tenso\" with the contemporary Italian poet Sordello, survives. According to his \"vida\" he was a courtly man who loved high society. The author of the \"vida\" also expresses admiration for his couplets but bewails the excessive number he composed, though so few of his works survive to this day. He was also", "id": "15990053" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\ncan detect the moralising influence of Marcabru, with whom in whose old age he was possibly acquainted. One of Marcabru's late songs is a satire of an early one by Peire d'Alvernhe. Marcabru's complexity was also imparted to Peire. On the topic of courtly love, Peire, who had abandoned the religious life early, came to abandon the claims of \"fin'amor\" (\"fine love\") later. When Peire espouses love of the Holy Ghost over \"cortez' amors de bon aire\" (\"well-", "id": "6558332" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\nthem and beg their mercy.\" By far, however, Peire's most famous work is \"Chantarai d'aquest trobadors\", a \"sirventes\" written at Puivert (\"Puoich-vert\") in which he ridicules twelve contemporary troubadours (\"a poetical gallery\") and praises himself. It has been conjectured that this piece was first performed in the presence of all twelve of the ridiculed poets in late Summer 1170 while an embassy bringing Eleanor, daughter of Henry II of England, to her Spanish goorm Alfonso VIII of", "id": "6558336" }, { "contents": "Peire de la Caravana\n\n\nbeen dated to as early as 1157. However, Peire incites the Lombard cities by harkening back to the fate of the baronage of Apulia who had resisted the Germans earlier: \"Lombart, beus gardazbr \"Que ja non siazbr \"Pejer que compraz,br \"Si ferm non estaz!br \"De Pulla'us sovegnabr \"Dels valens barosbr \"Qu'il non an que pegnabr \"For de lor maisos;br \"Gardaz non devegnabr \"Autretal de vos! This has led some to date it to 1194, when Henry VI conquered Sicily or as late", "id": "20349650" }, { "contents": "Marcoat\n\n\nMarcoat was a minor Gascon troubadour and joglar who flourished in the mid twelfth century. He is often cited in connexion with Eleanor of Aquitaine and is placed in a hypothetical \"school\" of poetry which includes Bernart de Ventadorn, Marcabru, Cercamon, Jaufre Rudel, Peire Rogier, and Peire de Valeria among others. Of all his works, only two \"sirventes\" survive: \"Mentre m'obri eis huisel\" and \"Una re.us dirai, en Serra\". Marcoat was an innovator building off the work of the contemporary Gascon", "id": "10485658" }, { "contents": "Gonzalo Ruiz\n\n\nmarry Alfonso VIII of Castile, then the identification of Guossalbo Roitz with Gonzalo Ruiz of Bureba becomes probable. Peire has this to say about his eleventh \"victim\" in lines 67 to 72: Peire is making fun of Gonzalo's well-known military career. In fact, Peire may have learned about Gonzalo on a trip he made to Castile in the spring of 1158. If he did not meet Gonzalo at the Castilian court, where Gonzalo undoubtedly was between January and February, then he may have met him at the", "id": "12361307" }, { "contents": "Peire Bremon lo Tort\n\n\nToulouse in a stanza of Peire d'Alvernhe's satire of contemporary troubadours. \"Peire Bremon\" was not a rare name and it was shared by the later troubadour, sometimes erroneously identified with lo Tort (whose nickname means \"the Wrong\"), Peire Bremon Ricas Novas. Peire's earlier poem, \"Mei oill an gran manentia\", was written as the troubadour prepared to depart from Syria, where he had been staying. He left behind a beloved \"domna\" (lady), whom he celebrated in the poem", "id": "16694578" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nabout the nuns may have additional significance. His tone changes after this and his closing lines suggest though that all this is a miracle from the \"saintly fathers\", suggesting his acceptance of things: Cardenal.org says that some have interpreted these lines as suggesting that Peire married at this time. By the end of his life he appears reconciled to the new \"modus vivendi\" in southern France. He died at an advanced age (allegedly one hundred years old) possibly either in Montpellier or Nimes, but this is only a", "id": "4006804" }, { "contents": "Peire Vidal\n\n\nPeire Vidal (born mid-12th century) was an Old Occitan troubadour. Forty-five of his songs are extant. The twelve that still have melodies bear testament to the deserved nature of his musical reputation. There is no contemporary reference to Peire outside of his works of poetry. His \"vida\" (a short Occitan biography)—composed about fifty years after his death—and two \"razos\" (short commentaries on specific poems) are probably fictionalised works built on episodes from his poems. Only the opening line of the \"vida", "id": "7150829" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\ndaughter or perhaps Peire's wife Marie) and then apparently to the couple's son James I of Aragon, born at Candlemas, according to James's Chronicle. It's not clear who the \"crois hom\" or \"dreadful man\" is in the final couplet, whose deeds are \"piggish\": Peire has really never addressed anyone in this verse but Peter II and those close to him. (But dualism had by then made its way into some of the local religious views of Medieval Languedoc: in dualist philosophy", "id": "4006797" }, { "contents": "Guillem de Balaun\n\n\nVierneta when he next returned to see Guilhelma. After a long time he returned, did reconcile Peire and Vierneta, and gave Peire more joy than he had felt even when he first won his lady. In order to test whether or not the joy of recovering a lady was greater than that of winning her, Guillem acted as though he were very angry with her. He ceased to discuss her or hear her discussed, to send her messages, or to visit her region. She sent him pleading messengers and letters of", "id": "21063206" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nmaritz\", \"if I were wed\", suggest that he is not yet wed. The verse which follows provides evidence in the view of some that Peire married: it first mocks the \"barrenness that bears fruit\" of the \"[beguinas\" (beguines, who may have sometimes been associated with the Dominicans; Hill and Bergin in 1973 said this was a reference to nuns of the Dominican Order). Throughout the verse of course Peire had been poking fun at the Dominican clergy, but the comment", "id": "4006803" }, { "contents": "Antide Boyer\n\n\nhis father, a potter. He spent four years at the minor seminary of Marseille, where he lost his faith in Christianity. He met Pierre Mazière at the seminary, who later wrote under the nom-de-plume Peire Simoun. He worked for the Chemins de fer de Paris à Lyon et à la Méditerranée (PLM), then at the La Ciotat shipyards, and then ran a wholesale oil and soap store with his first wife. He was one of the founders of the Bouches-du-Rhone Socialist", "id": "16118352" }, { "contents": "Peire de Valeira\n\n\nthe Gironde. His \"vida\" places his birthplace in the fief of Arnaut Guillem de Marsan, who was himself a troubadour. He was a contemporary of Marcabru and originally a jongleur. His poems were typical for the time, according to Uc de Saint Circ, the probable author of his \"vida\", being about natural objects (like leaves, flowers, and birds), but not of great value to the biographer's time. But Uc saves his harshest critique for the end, as Elizabeth Poe relates:", "id": "18999207" }, { "contents": "Troubadour\n\n\nNicoletto da Torino, Peire Raimon de Tolosa, Peire Rogier, Peire de Valeira, Peirol, Pistoleta, Perdigon, Salh d'Escola, Uc de la Bacalaria, Uc Brunet, and Uc de Saint Circ were jongleur-troubadours. A \"vida\" is a brief prose biography, written in Occitan, of a troubadour. The word \"vida\" means \"life\" in Occitan. In the chansonniers, the manuscript collections of medieval troubadour poetry, the works of a particular author are often accompanied by a short prose biography.", "id": "16794140" }, { "contents": "Peire de la Caravana\n\n\nas 1225, when the city-states of northern Italy renewed the old Lombard League in opposition to Henry's son, Frederick I of Sicily, Holy Roman Emperor. Writing in Lombardy in the Occitan tongue under the nominal sovereignty of the German monarch, Peire took the opportunity to poke fun at the German language, writing in a famously debated passage: \"Granoglas resembla\" [\"la gent d'Alemanha\"]br \"En dir\"(\"e\"): Broder, guaz;br \"Lairan, quant s'asemblabr \"Cum cans enrabjaz\".brbr Frogs resemble [the people of", "id": "20349651" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\n. In his wanderings he may have spent some time at Cortezon, at the court of the minor nobleman and troubadour Raimbaut d'Aurenga. Peire lived a long into old age, and performed penance before dying. Peire wrote mostly \"cansos\", which, as his \"vida\" points out, were called \"vers\" in his day. He also invented the \"pious song\" and wrote six such poems dealing with serious themes of religion, piety, and spirituality. Even in his more profane works, however, one", "id": "6558331" }, { "contents": "Raymond Pilet d'Alès\n\n\nRaymond Pilet (Raymond de Narbonnne-Pelet) (1075-1120), the only child of Bernard I Pilet of Narbonne and his wife, whose name is unknown. Seigneur of Alès. Bernard was the son of Raymond II, Viscount of Narbone from 1066 to 1067. The name “pelet” refers to a fur that the nobility wore over their cuirass and coats-of-arms. Raymond distinguished himself as a great warrior during the First Crusade. Many of the chroniclers of the Crusades, including William of Tyre", "id": "10100689" }, { "contents": "Dalfi d'Alvernha\n\n\nGuillemette de Comborn, Countess of Montferrand, daughter of Archambaud, Viscount of Comborn, and Jourdaine of Périgord. Their children were Aélis, Guillaume (William, later Count of Clermont), Blanche, and Alix. Troubadours who worked with Dalfi or sang at his court include Peirol, Perdigon, Peire de Maensac, Gaucelm Faidit, and Uc de Saint Circ; his cousin, bishop Robert of Clermont, exchanged satirical and erotic verses with him, as did Richard Coeur de Lion. One \"partimen\" between Dauphin and Perdigon", "id": "11683786" }, { "contents": "Troubadour\n\n\nwhose style seems to have fallen out of favour, was the \"Gascon school\" of Cercamon, Peire de Valeira, and Guiraut de Calanso. Cercamon was said by his biographer to have composed in the \"old style\" (\"la uzansa antiga\") and Guiraut's songs were \"d'aquella saison\" (\"of that time\"). This style of poetry seems to be attached to early troubadours from Gascony and was characterised by references to nature: leaves, flowers, birds, and their songs. This Gascon", "id": "16794155" }, { "contents": "Aimeric de Belenoi\n\n\nAimeric de Belenoi (fl. 1215–1242) was a Gascon troubadour. At least fifteen of his songs survived. Seven others were attributed to him in some medieval manuscripts. Aimeric was born in the castle of Lesparra in the Bordelais (\"metropolis civitas Burdigalensium\", the modern Gironde). His uncle was another troubadour, Peire de Corbiac. His \"vida\" says he was a cleric and later a jongleur before he took to \"inventing good songs, which were beautiful and charming.\" He apparently was the feudal lord", "id": "15990224" }, { "contents": "Jaufre de Pons\n\n\nis a \"partimen\" with Guiraut Riquier (\"Guiraut Riquier, diatz me,\" composed probably 1270 or 1280–1). Jaufre's part in the debate consists in asking plain youthful questions about love only to receive the bitter and experienced answers of Guiraut in proverbial form. Jaufre was probably the husband of Isabeau, daughter of Henry II of Rodez, a patron of troubadours. In 1292 he rendered homage to the lord of Châteauroux. Some scholars have suspected that there were more than one Jaufre de Pons (one from the", "id": "20235204" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\nthe \"trobar braus\" as a legitimate format for \"rough\" themes. One anonymous song of the Fifth Crusade, \"Lo Senhre que formet lo tro\", written between Spring 1213 and July 1214 has been attributed to Peire d'Alvernhe, but the dating makes that impossible. In a \"tenso\" between a Bernart (probably Bernart de Ventadorn) and an unnamed Peire, perhaps Peire d'Alvernhe, the latter argues that \"it is not becoming for ladies to make love-pleas; it is fitting that men plead with", "id": "6558335" }, { "contents": "Peire Guillem de Tolosa\n\n\nsaid to have composed \"sirventes joglarescs\", or \"sirventes\" in the manner of joglars, in order to criticise \"the barons\" (presumably the high noblesse). He also wrote a work criticising the prolific trouvère Theobald I of Navarre. The troubadour Bertran Carbonel twice mentions another troubadour by the initials P.G., possibly indicating Peire Guilhem. He mourns a certain P.G. in a \"planh\", where the initials probably stand in the manuscript for a full name, since three syllables would be required by the metre.", "id": "15990054" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\nappearance and manners has been cited in support of the view that the parody was done in the presence of all twelve victims, further supporting the conclusion that the parody was good-natured. Besides the criticism of a personal nature, many of the criticism launched by Peire allude to the works of the others, notably those of Bernart de Ventadorn and Raimbaut d'Aurenga. Peire's \"vida\" acclaimed him an accomplished singer and the greatest composer of melodies for verses yet known. Peire's famous \"Chantarai d'aquest trobadors\" contains a", "id": "6558338" }, { "contents": "Peire de Corbiac\n\n\ncentury before its appearance in Latin as \"contrapunctus\", today's counterpoint. The \"Tezaur\" had a lasting influence in the Late Middle Ages. The Jew Emanuele da Roma wrote the \"Ninth Meḥabbereth\", a Hebrew poem based on the \"Tesoretto\" of Brunetto Latini, itself based on the \"Tezaur\" of Peire. Peire was a religious man, as the dedicatory first verse of his \"Tezaur\" attests: it contains a dedication to Jesus and Mary and a statement of Trinitarian faith. His prayer to", "id": "15078723" }, { "contents": "Amanieu de Sescars\n\n\nSicily, and 1291, when he inherited Aragon. Amanieu's second didactic work, the \"Ensenhamen de la donsela\" can be dated between 1291 and 1295 by a reference to James as King of Aragon and to the ongoing War of the Sicilian Vespers. It is addressed to an unnamed \"donsela\" (young woman) and is designed to teach her how to behave in courtly society and how to be respected. Amanieu's poetry is definitely influenced by Peire Vidal and also possibly by Arnaut de Maruelh. The later troubadour", "id": "7359304" } ]

[ { "contents": "Peire Pelet\n\n\nPeire Pelet (died 1303) was the \"conseigneur\" of Alès in the Languedoc. He was married to Delfina (Delphine), a sister of Henry II of Rodez. He is the senher d'Alest (the lord of Alès) referred to as a participant in the \"torneyamen\" \"Senhe n'Enric, us reys un ric avar\" along with his brother-in-law Henry and the troubadour Guiraut Riquier. Peire was descended from a Raymond Pelet who took part in the First Crusade. His father was Bernard Pelet", "id": "9562337" }, { "contents": "Peire Pelet\n\n\n, who died in September 1252, leaving his entire heritage to his eldest son, William, under the tutelage of Bernard de Barre, Guillaume de Pontils, and Jean de Bossoles. In 1253 William, with his tutors and his younger brothers, including Peire, received the homage of their father's vassals: Hugues de Melet, Pierre de Spinasson, and many others, in the presence of Pierre Gaucelin, Bérenger de la Fare, Arnaud d'Arsac, and Pierre Gaucelin de Follaquier. On the death of William without heirs Peire", "id": "9562338" }, { "contents": "Peire Pelet\n\n\nsucceeded him. He married Delfina sometime before April 1276, when her brother released a sum of money left her by their father, Henry I: a hundred marks of silver or 5,000 \"sols tournois\". In 1274 James I of Aragon renounced the homage and oath of fealty owed by Peire for his fief since his great-great-grandfather, Bertrand Pelet, Count of Melgueil, had rendered it to James's grandfather, Alfonso II. Peire then began a war with Bérenger de Frédol, Bishop of Maguelonne, over", "id": "9562339" }, { "contents": "Peire Pelet\n\n\nthe county of Melgueil, which at that time was held by the bishop from the Papacy. In 1276 the combatants were brought before the episcopal court of the Archdiocese of Narbonne. Peire lost the case and was ordered to pay 1,000 \"livres\" in compensation. Joseph Angalde placed the aforementioned \"torneyamen\" around 1280–1, before the death of Peire, which he believed occurred in 1282; after the return of Riquier from Castile in 1279; and after the succession of Henry, who he believed was referred to as \"coms", "id": "9562340" }, { "contents": "Peire Raimon de Tolosa\n\n\nPeire Ramon's name (as \"Petrus Raimundus\") appears in two documents of Toulouse, dated to 1182 and 1214. According to his \"vida\", he became a jongleur and travelled to the court of Alfonso II of Aragon, who bestowed great honour on him. The earliest datable work by Peire Ramon is a \"planh\" written on the death of Henry the Young King in 1183. According to his \"vida\" Peire passed \"a long time\" at the courts of Alfonso, William VIII of Montpellier", "id": "19379363" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\npoetry. Among the other troubadours Peire encountered in his travels were Aimeric de Belenoi and Raimon de Miraval. He may have met Daude de Pradas and Guiraut Riquier at Rodez. Peire was influenced by Cadenet, whom he honoured in one of his pieces. He was possibly influenced by Bernart de Venzac. In his early days he was a vehement opponent of the French, the clergy and the Albigensian Crusade. In the \"sirventes\", \"Ab votz d'angel, lengu' esperta, non bleza\", dated by Hill and", "id": "4006799" }, { "contents": "Peire Vidal\n\n\nMany of his early poems were addressed to Vierna de Porcellet, a relative of the count's. In some poems Peire, Vierna and Raymond form a love triangle. From Toulouse Peire went to the court of King Alfonso II of Aragon, where he remained in good favour until the king's death in 1196. He continued to occasionally visit the court of Alfonso's son, Peter II In the rivalry between the rulers of Toulouse and Aragon, Peire took the side of Aragon. He visited the court of King Alfonso VIII", "id": "7150831" }, { "contents": "William I of Cagliari\n\n\nhis death. Allegedly, he was a man of some culture, as he was in reportedly in contact with the Provençal troubadours Peire de la Caravana and Peire Vidal, likely to contract their services on behalf of his wealthy patrons. He was the son of Giorgia, daughter of Constantine II of Cagliari, and Obert, Margrave of Massa. He was a brother of William, Margrave of Massa. His paternal relatives were a branch of the Obertenghi who ruled Massa Lunense from the 11th century. Constantine II's eldest daughter married", "id": "6352696" }, { "contents": "Peire de Valeira\n\n\n.\" Peire's entire \"vida\", found in MSS \"I\" and \"K\", however, is probably unreliable, since it appears to confuse him with another Gascon troubadour, Arnaut de Tintinhac. Peire is often placed in a hypothetical \"school\" of poetry which includes Bernart de Ventadorn, Cercamon, Jaufre Rudel, Marcabru, Marcoat, and Peire Rogier among others. Further, the references in his \"vida\" to songs of the time concerning leaves, flowers, songs, and birds may be evidence", "id": "18999209" }, { "contents": "Bertran de Gourdon\n\n\n. Bertran surrendered promptly to the Crusaders under Simon de Montfort in May 1218 and did homage to Simon for his lands. Bertran wrote a comic \"tenso\", that is poetical debate, with Peire Raimon de Tolosa, now known by the incipit \"Totz tos afars es nienz\". It was dated to before 1211 by Joseph Anglade on the basis that Bertran was probably not at odds with his fellow southern barons yet if he was, as Anglade, suspects, playing host and patron to Peire Raimon, who had just", "id": "17663226" }, { "contents": "Peire de la Mula\n\n\npoet named only \"Mola\" who exchanged some verses with Guilhem Raimon. He may be the same individual as Peire de la Mula, but he has also been identified with the \"joglars\" Tremoleta. One of Peire's surviving couplets, \"Ia de razon no.m cal metr'en pantais\", can be dated to before 1185 on the basis of a reference to \"Androin\"(\"e\"), that is, Andronicus I Comnenus, who died that year. It was a screed against the young and rich. Peire's other couplet", "id": "13683550" }, { "contents": "Peire Raimon de Tolosa\n\n\n, and a certain \"Count Raymond\", which could refer to either Raymond V of Toulouse or, more probably, Raymond VI. He also spent time in Italy (Lombardy and Piedmont), at the courts of Thomas I of Savoy, Guglielmo Malaspina, and Azzo VI of Este. Azzo's daughter Beatriz was the addressee of one of Peire's poems. Eventually Peire settled down with a wife in Pamiers and there he died. Peire was reputed as a singer and composer of \"cansos\". His work is", "id": "19379364" }, { "contents": "Peire Vidal\n\n\n\" is probably reliable. It says that he \"was from Toulouse, the son of a furrier\": \"si fo de Tolosa, fils d'un pelissier\". The fur and leather industry was well established in Toulouse, near the church of Saint Pierre des Cuisines, in the twelfth century. Peire started his career, along with the troubadour Bernart Durfort, at the court of Count Raymond V of Toulouse around 1176. He continued there until 1190, when he left to seek another patron after quarrelling with the count.", "id": "7150830" }, { "contents": "Guilhem Peire Cazals de Caortz\n\n\nGuilhem Peire Cazals de Caortz or Guilhem Peire de Cazals was a troubadour of the first half of the thirteenth century. He was born or lived in Cahors, Quercy, from which his name \"de Caortz\". Eleven of his works, including one \"tenso\", survive. The only sure way to date Guilhem Peire's life and work is by his \"tenso\" with Bernart de la Barta, who was alive in 1229, and by a \"sirventes\" of Guilhem Figueira, \"Un nou sirventes ai en", "id": "12553937" }, { "contents": "Peire Vidal\n\n\nof Castile at Toledo in 1195 and intermittently thereafter until 1201. He also stayed for a time at the court of King Alfonso IX of León, where the Galician–Portuguese lyric was favoured over the Occitan. Among Peire's many lesser patrons were Lord William VIII of Montpellier and his wife, the Byzantine princess Eudokia Komnene. (William was both a vassal of Peter II and his father-in-law.) Peire attended the Aragonese court during some of its visits to Narbonne, but although the ruling viscountess of that", "id": "7150832" }, { "contents": "Peire de la Mula\n\n\nPeire (or Pietro) de la Mula (\"fl. c.\" 1200) was an Italian troubadour. Of his writings a pair of couplets and one \"sirventes\" are all that survive. According to his \"vida\", he was a \"joglars\" and \"trobaire\" (troubadour) who stayed for a long time in Montferrat, Cortemilia, and the Piedmont at the court of Ottone del Carretto (fl. 1190–1233). This places Peire's activity before 1209, when Ottone lost Cortemilia. It has", "id": "13683548" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nsupposition, based on where the biographer and compiler Miquel de la Tor was active. Three of Peire's songs have surviving melodies, but two (for a \"canso\" and a \"sirventes\") were composed by others: Guiraut de Bornelh and Raimon Jordan respectively. Like many of his contemporary troubadours, Peire merely composed \"contrafacta\". The third, for \"Un sirventesc novel vuelh comensar\", may be Peire's own work. It is similar to the borrowed melody of Guiraut de Bornelh, mostly syllabic with", "id": "4006805" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\nas the \"Petrus d'Alvengue\" and \"Petrus de Alvernia\" who appear in surviving documents from Montpellier dated to the year 1148. Peire appears to have cultivated the favour of the ruling family of the Crown of Aragon, and his poems contain allusions to the counts of Barcelona and Provence. Perhaps he was following the fashion of the lords of Montpellier of his time, who, though vassals of the Count of Toulouse, were partial to the Aragonese. At the same time Peire did garner the support of Raymond V of Toulouse", "id": "6558330" }, { "contents": "Peire de Maensac\n\n\nPeire de Maensac was an Auvergnat knight and troubadour. He was from Maensac (either Mauzat, Manzat or Mainsat) in the lands of Dalfi d'Alvernha. He came from the petty nobility. His brother Austor or Austors was also a troubadour, but none of his works survives. According to Peire's \"vida\" the brothers agreed that one of them would \"have the castle\" (i.e. inherit) and the other would be the \"inventor\" (i.e. troubadour). Peire became the troubadour. He wrote poems dedicated", "id": "6679234" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nworldly deeds might be seen as \"piggish\".) Peire subsequently travelled widely, visiting the courts of Auvergne, Les Baux, Foix, Rodez, and Vienne. He may have even ventured into Spain and met Alfonso X of Castile, and James I of Aragon, although he never mentions the latter by name in his poems. (James is however of course mentioned in Peire's \"vida\".) During his travels Peire was accompanied by a suite of jongleurs, some of whom receive mention by name in his", "id": "4006798" }, { "contents": "Peire Raimon de Tolosa\n\n\ncharacterised by themes of nature. His style was hermetic. He imitated the troubadours Cadenet and Arnaut Daniel and was in turn imitated by Bertran de Born, especially as regards his use of natural imagery. Bertran went so far as to copy almost a whole stanza from Peire's \"No.m puesc sofrir d'una leu chanso faire.\" In \"Us noels pessamens\", Peire even anticipates the Tuscan poet Dante Alighieri. Peire is complaining about a mistress who first beckoned him and then broke her promise to him when he says: Peire", "id": "19379365" }, { "contents": "Aimeric de Belenoi\n\n\nwhere he probably had contact with Aimeric de Pegulhan, Albertet de Sestaro, Guillem Augier Novella and Peirol. He may also have made the acquaintance of Peire Cardenal. Aimeric went to Castile before making his final trip to Catalonia. His last datable work was \"Nulhs hom en res no falh\", a \"planh\" for Nuño Sánchez, who died in 1242. This \"planh\" was addressed to the \"comtessa Beatris\", wife of Raymond Berengar IV of Provence, and \"senher N'Imo\", her brother Aimone", "id": "15990226" }, { "contents": "Peire Bremon Ricas Novas\n\n\nproensal\", with its reference to \"us Provençals\". Peire's first datable work is a \"tenso\" written at the court of Raymond Berengar IV of Provence in 1230 with Gui de Cavalhon. At the court of Provence Peire also met Bertran d'Alamanon and Sordello, whose \"planh\" for Blacatz he imitated. Peire left the court of Raymond Berengar sometime in or after 1237 and went to that of Barral of Baux and thence to that of Raymond VII of Toulouse. Though there is no record of his having visited", "id": "12717295" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nsecond stanza Peire mentions Peter's success in the Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa; in the third he alludes to the sacking of Béziers (whose count Raymond Roger Trencavel was supposed to have been Peter's vassal): at Béziers the poorer soldiers of the Inquisition were flogged by the wealthier, and this is the theme of the stanza. Peire's mention of the court of Constantine may also again evoke the divorce proceedings of Peter and Marie where Peire ultimately lost. Peire later alludes to the death of someone (perhaps a", "id": "4006796" }, { "contents": "Elias de Barjols\n\n\naffability\" of Giraut IV Trencaleon d'Armagnac, the \"generosity\" of Randon (a lord of this name died before 1219, when he is mentioned in the testament of his son-in-law; he was the nephew of the troubadour Garin lo Brun), the \"good responses\" of Dalfi d'Alvernha, the \"wits\" of \"Peir cui es Monleos\" (maybe the troubadour Peire de Gavaret), the \"chivalry\" of Brian, the \"wisdom\" of Bertran, the \"courtesy\" of a", "id": "20595774" }, { "contents": "Peire Guilhem de Luserna\n\n\nPeire Guilhem de Luserna () was a Piedmontese troubadour. Peire's identity as an Italian has been up for debate since the 19th century. \"Luserna\" more probably refers to Luserna in the Piedmont, rich and populous in Peire’s time, a town on the left bank of the Pellice lying on the road into the Viennois and Dauphiné, Occitan-speaking territories. On the other hand, it may be Lusarne (\"Luserna\" in Italian) in the Leberon valley in Provence, on the road between Reillane in", "id": "10437582" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nPeire del Puei, li trobador\" with Aimeric de Pegulhan. At Raymond's court also perhaps, probably in 1213, Peire composed a \"sirventes\", \"Las amairitz, qui encolpar las vol\", which may have encouraged Peter II of Aragon to help Toulouse in the Battle of Muret, where Peter died. In this \"sirventes\" Peire alludes first perhaps to the accusations of adultery that Peter had leveled against Peter's wife Maria of Montpellier but also perhaps to the various changes in law governing women. In the", "id": "4006795" }, { "contents": "Peire Lunel de Montech\n\n\nPeire Lunel de Montech (fl. 1326–1384), also known as Cavalier Lunel or Peire de Lunel, was a lawyer, politician and author of Toulouse. His name indicates he was a knight (\"cavalier\" in Occitan) from Montech. In his youth he was a troubadour. A \"canso\", a Crusading song, a \"sirventes\", an \"ensenhamen\" and some moralising \"coblas esparsas\" survive of his work. The Crusading song is dated to around 1326. It is a critique of King", "id": "11493706" }, { "contents": "Ermengarde, Viscountess of Narbonne\n\n\nthe langue d'oïl in the north. She corresponded with many troubadours, including Peire Rogier, Giraut de Bornelh, Peire d'Alvergne, Pons d'Ortafa, and Salh d'Escola, as well as the trobairitz Azalais de Porcairagues. In addition it is believed that she welcomed to her court Rognvald II of Orkney, a Viking prince that became a saint, and poet, who composed skaldic poetry for her. Without issue after two unhappy marriages, Ermengarde designated as heir Pedro Manrique de Lara -the second but eldest surviving son of her half-sister", "id": "17254566" }, { "contents": "Peire de Corbiac\n\n\nPeire de Corbiac or Corbian was a Gascon cleric and troubadour of the thirteenth century. His most famous works are a religious piece, the \"Prière à la Vierge\" (prayer to the Virgin), and his \"treasures\", \"Lo tezaurs\" (c. 1225). Peire was born at Corbiac near Bordeaux to a poor family. He was educated at Orléans in the Scholastic tradition. His nephew was the troubadour Aimeric de Belenoi, whose \"vida\" refers to him as \"maestre\" (master, teacher", "id": "15078720" }, { "contents": "Peire de la Caravana\n\n\nGermany]br In saying: \"Brother, watz!\"br The sound of which as much resemblesbr Dogs barking. The German word \"watz\" is said to be an interjection resembling the clinking of glasses and proposes a toast. Peire also had ties to Sardinia. He dedicated his \"D'un serventes faire\" to a \"senhal Malgrat de toz\", which has been identified as Barisone II of Arborea, who was crowned King of Sardinia at Pavia by the Emperor Frederick I in return for 4,000 silver marks from Genoa, but was later deposed", "id": "20349652" }, { "contents": "Pere de Montsó\n\n\n. If Pattison's reconstruction of events surrounding Peire d'Alvernhe's satire is correct, however, Pere de Montsó was attached to the Spanish entourage (possibly as a jongleur) of Eleanor, daughter of Henry II of England and fiancée of Alfonso VIII of Castile, who was travelling through Gascony on her way to Spain when she and her entourage were entertained by Peire's satire. Pattison suggest on the basis of this stanza that the troupe had also travelled through the lands of Toulouse and met in the presence of the Count, whose", "id": "11269399" }, { "contents": "Occitan literature\n\n\nof Ventadour's father was a servant, Peire Vidal's a maker of furred garments, Perdigon's a fisher. Others belonged to the bourgeoisie, Peire d'Alvernha, for example, Peire Raimon of Toulouse, and Elias Fonsalada. Likewise we see merchants' sons as troubadours; this was the case with Folquet of Marseille and Aimeric de Peguilhan. A great many were clerics, or at least studied for the Church, for instance, Arnaut de Mareuil, Uc de Saint Circ, Aimeric de Belenoi, Hugh Brunet, Peire Cardenal", "id": "11312613" }, { "contents": "Pere de Montsó\n\n\nPere de Montsó (fl. 1173), also Peire de Monzo(n), was an Aragonese troubadour, though none of his compositions survive. He was probably from Monzón near the border with Catalonia, but he may have hailed from Monzón de Campos in Castile, as Ramón Menéndez Pidal believed. He is the subject of the eighth stanza of a famous satire of twelve troubadours by Peire d'Alvernhe. This stanza has different readings: The verse is very unclear. The first reading suggests that Raymond V of Toulouse had heard Pere sing", "id": "11269398" }, { "contents": "Peire de Barjac\n\n\nPeire de Barjac was a Languedocian troubadour who flourished in the first half of the thirteenth century. He was a descendant of the troubadours Guillem de Randon and Garin lo Brun. Only one of poem that was certainly written by Peire survives: \"Tot francamen, domna, veing denan vos\". The rubric above the poem in the manuscript labels it a \"conjat\" and scholars have classified it as a \"mala canso\", or bad \"canso\". It is a song about leaving his lover. Many other songs", "id": "8049259" }, { "contents": "Pierre Roger de Cabaret\n\n\nPierre Roger de Cabaret (French) or Pèire Rogièr de Cabaret (Occitan) (fl. 13th century) was a military leader of the Occitan forces in the Albigensian Crusade. He inherited three hilltop castles near modern-day Lastours from his father. He was a patron of the troubadours, including Peire Vidal. He was a vassal of viscount Raymond Roger Trencavel, and was present with him during the siege of the castrum of Carcassonne in early stages of the Albigensian Crusade in 1209. Allegedly, Pierre-Roger advised Trencavel", "id": "11128862" }, { "contents": "Peire Raimon de Tolosa\n\n\nPeire Raimon de Tolosa (or Toloza; fl. 1180–1220) was a troubadour from the merchant class of Toulouse. He is variously referred to as \"lo Viellz\" (\"the Old\") and \"lo Gros\" (\"the Fat\"), though these are thought by some to refer to two different persons. On the other hand, \"lo Viellz\" could refer to his being of an early generation of troubadours. Eighteen of Peire Ramon's poems survive, one \"canso\" with a melody.", "id": "19379362" }, { "contents": "Peire Vidal\n\n\ncity, Ermengarde, was a notable patron of troubadours (like Azalais de Porcairagues) there is no indication that she patronised Peire or that he wrote songs for her. Peire was also associated with Raimon Jaufre Barral, viscount of Marseille and brother-in-law of Vierna. Barral's son-in-law, Hugh of Baux, was also a patron of Peire Vidal. The troubadour Blacatz, a relative of Hugh's and of modest wealth, was a patron. Peire Vidal is referenced in Ezra Pound's poem", "id": "7150833" }, { "contents": "Peire Guilhem de Luserna\n\n\nthe Basses-Alpes and Bastide-des-Jourdans. Peire was probably at the court of the Este beginning in 1221, during the reign of Azzo VII, husband of Giovanna, the object of one of Peire's songs. Sometime before arriving at Ferrara, Peire was probably at the court of Manfred III of Saluzzo. In 1220 Aimeric de Peguilhan, then at the Malaspina court, mentioned him in a poem—\"Ni un autre tirador / qu’eu no vuoill dir de Luserna\"—as being among a quintet of Occitan poets at Saluzzo: Peire", "id": "10437583" }, { "contents": "Gonzalo Ruiz\n\n\nthe 1170s. If Gonzalo Ruiz is de Azagra, it should be noted that his brother's daughter, Tota Pérez, was married to Diego López de Haro—with whom the lord of La Bureba had a connexion—who was a great patron of troubadours. Rigaut de Barbezill, Peire Vidal, and Aimeric de Pegulhan all spent time at his court, as did Rodrigo Díaz de los Cameros, his son-in-law, one of the earliest Galician-Portuguese troubadours. Riquer attaches the Castilian embassy in France circa", "id": "12361311" }, { "contents": "Peire de la Caravana\n\n\nPeire de la Caravana (also Cavarana, Gavarana, or Cà Varana, perhaps meaning \"near Verona\") was an Italian troubadour (\"trovatore\") in Lombardy in the late 12th and early 13th centuries. He was one of the earliest Occitan troubadours in Italy. He is famous for his \"sirventes\". Among his preserved works are the \"sirventes\" \"D'un serventes faire\" and \"La Paz de Costanza\". Peire wrote the first encouraging the communes of northern Italy to resist German overlorship, which has", "id": "20349649" }, { "contents": "Peire Rogier\n\n\nlong time. From Raimbaut's court he moved on to sojourn at that of Alfonso VIII of Castile, then that of Alfonso II of Aragon, and finally that of Raymond V of Toulouse, where he arrived circa 1170. According to his \"vida\", he became much esteemed as a troubadour through his travels, but there is no evidence otherwise for any movements in Spain, except perhaps the assembly of troubadours at the court of Aragon mentioned in a work of Peire d'Alvernhe (which need not have taken place).", "id": "1085906" }, { "contents": "Peire de Bussignac\n\n\nPeire de Bussignac, Bossinhac, or Bocinhac (fl. c. 1160) was a nobleman, cleric, and troubadour from the Périgord. He was probably from Bussignac in Hautefort, but possibly Boussignac in Tulle. He was, according to his \"vida\", \"from the castle of Bertran de Born\". Though his \"vida\" speaks of \"good \"sirventes\"\" to reproach ladies for bad behaviour and \"sirventes\" attacking Bertran, only one \"sirventes\" by Peire survives: \"Quan lo dous temps", "id": "6679237" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\nCastile sojourned at Puivert. If the above date is not accepted, it can be probably dated later than 1165—since Giraut de Borneill was only active from c.1170—and certainly before 1173, when Raimbaut d'Aurenga died. The Monge de Montaudon later composed a parody of Peire's satire, \"Pos Peire d'Alvernhl a chantat\". \"Chantarai d'aquest trobadors\" is near universally regarded today as playful parody and not as a work of serious literary or artistic criticism. The obscurity of most of the ridiculed poets and the attack upon such personal characteristics as", "id": "6558337" }, { "contents": "Arnaut de Tintinhac\n\n\nattitude towards encouraging courtly love he also resembles the early troubadours. Like other early Gascon troubadours, such as Peire de Valeira, he employed nature metaphors, as at the beginning of this song: The \"vida\" of Peire de Valeira seems to confuse its intended subject with Arnaut (at least at some points). It goes like this: Peire de Valeira was from Gascony, from the land of Lord Arnaut Guillem de Marsan. He was a minstrel at the very same time in which Marcabru lived, and he composed", "id": "12717977" }, { "contents": "Peire de Valeira\n\n\nPeire de Valeira, Valeria, or Valera (fl. early–mid twelfth century) was a Gascon troubadour. Since troubadour poetry probably originated in northwest Aquitaine (Poitou and Saintonge) and first spread—within a generation—south into Gascony, Peire was one of the earliest troubadours. Only two of his poems survive, one \"canso\" (\"Vezer volgra n'Ezelgarda\") and one \"cobla\" (\"Qui qu'Amors don son voler\"). His birthplace was Valera, near Podensac and Saint-Macaire in", "id": "18999206" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Ussel\n\n\nPeire d'Ussel or d'Uisel (\"Pèire d'Ussèl\" in modern Occitan; fl. c. 1200) was a Limousin troubadour, the middle of three brothers, castellans of the castle of Ussel-sur-Sarzonne, northeast of Ventadorn. His elder brother was Eble and his younger Gui, and he also had a cousin named Elias; all four were troubadours. According to Gui's \"vida\", Peire descanted his relatives’ songs. This should not be understood to imply that Peire was only a musician. One \"cobla", "id": "14026658" }, { "contents": "Peyre de Rius\n\n\nPeyre de Rius (\"fl.\"1344–86) was an Occitan troubadour from Foix. He wrote under the patronage of Gaston Phoebus, Count of Foix, and Peter the Ceremonious, King of Aragon. He is one of the few troubadours known by name who lived for a time at Peter's court in Barcelona. His name in standardised Occitan is \"Peire\" or \"Pèire\", in Catalan it is \"Pere\", and in modern French \"Pierre\". An obscure reference to a Pere Riu among some \"", "id": "16102630" }, { "contents": "Matfre Ermengau\n\n\n) of the work, \"Perilhos tractatz d'amor de donas, seguon qu'en han tractat li antic trobador en lurs cansos\", structured as a dialogue between the defenders Love and her critics, is filled with citations (266 by some counts) of other troubadours and even some trouvères; Matfre cited himself six (Jeanroy) or nine (Paden) times and cited his brother Peire twice. He was careful to cite poets from different eras, but his favourites appear to be Aimeric de Peguilhan, Bernart de Ventadorn, and Peire", "id": "4121404" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nhim to vernacular lyric poetry and he abandoned his career in the church for \"the vanity of this world\", according to his \"vida\". Peire began his career at the court of Raymond VI of Toulouse—from whom he sought patronage—and a document of 1204 refers to a \"Petrus Cardinalis\" as a scribe of Raymond's chancery. At Raymond's court, however, he appears to have been known as Peire del Puoi or Puei (). Around 1238 he wrote a \"partimen\" beginning \"", "id": "4006794" }, { "contents": "Peire de la Mula\n\n\n, \"Una leig vei d'escuoill\", was also an attack on minstrels (\"joglars\"), who, at his time, were bringing their \"insolence\" from across the Alps into the presence of the \"pros\" (powerful) of Italy. Peire refers in this work to both Breton (\"Bretz\") and Norman (\"Normans\") minstrels. Peire's only full-length work to survive, \"Dels joglars servir mi laisse\", is a \"sirventes joglaresc\", a \"sirventes", "id": "13683551" }, { "contents": "Sancha of Castile, Queen of Aragon\n\n\nSancha of Castile (21 September 1154/5 – 9 November 1208) was the only surviving child of King Alfonso VII of Castile by his second wife, Richeza of Poland. On January 18, 1174, she married King Alfonso II of Aragon at Zaragoza; they had at least eight children who survived into adulthood. A patroness of troubadours such as Giraud de Calanson and Peire Raymond, the queen became involved in a legal dispute with her husband concerning properties which formed part of her dower estates. In 1177 she entered the county of", "id": "21291157" }, { "contents": "Ottone del Carretto\n\n\nin 1217. He predeceased his father in 1228. His second son, Enrico (Henry), married Beatrice, daughter of Boniface I of Montferrat. A third son, Manfredo (Manfred), is only attested in one document of 1242 in the \"Codex Astensis\". Ottone was a patron of several troubadours, composers of Old Occitan lyric poetry. He is prominent in the \"vida\" (short vernacular biography) of Peire de la Mula. In one manuscript his name is given as \"miser N'Ot del Carret", "id": "18951554" }, { "contents": "Peire de Barjac\n\n\nare attributed to multiple troubadours in the manuscripts. Some attributed to Peire are also attributed to Peire de Bussignac, Berenguier de Palazol, Elias de Barjols, Guillem de la Tor, Pons de Capdoill and Uc de Saint Circ; yet few of these other attributions are reliable. One song attributed to Peire in one manuscript is unattributed in another. Stronski argues that the attribution to Elias de Barjols was an emendation by the scribe confronted with the unfamiliar name Peire de Barjac. Napolski considered the attribution to Pons de Capdoill dubious. Alfred", "id": "8049260" }, { "contents": "Uc de Lescura\n\n\nUc de Lescura or de l'Escura (fl. 1190–1204) was a minor troubadour. The \"Lescura\" of his birth is unknown. There is a Lescurre in Ariège, Aveyron, and Tarn. Based on references in his work, historian Alfred Adler placed him at the court of Alfonso VIII of Castile (whom he calls \"emperor\") and in Catalonia. Uc's only existing work is a \"sirventes\", \"De mots ricos no tem Peire Vidal\", that begins with a \"gab\" proclaiming his", "id": "7146555" }, { "contents": "Peire de Montagut\n\n\nPeire de Montagut (? – 28 January 1232) was Grand Master of the Knights Templar from 1218 to 1232. He took part in the Fifth Crusade and was against the Sultan of Egypt's conditions for raising the siege of Damietta. He was previously Master of the Crown of Aragon. A close friend of Guillaume de Chartres, it was most likely the trust the previous Grand Master had in him which meant he himself was elected so quickly in 1218. At the same time, the Grand Master of the Knights Hospitaller was", "id": "11505219" }, { "contents": "Alfonso II of Aragon\n\n\ntaking a lover who is richer than herself. The debate had been begun by Guilhem de Saint-Leidier and was taken up by Azalais de Porcairagues and Raimbaut of Orange; there was also a \"partimen\" on the topic between Dalfi d'Alvernha and Perdigon. Alfonso and his love affairs are mentioned in poems by many troubadours, including Guillem de Berguedà (who criticized his dealings with Azalais of Toulouse) and Peire Vidal, who commended Alfonso's decision to marry Sancha rather than Eudokia Komnene that he had preferred a poor Castilian maid", "id": "20647088" }, { "contents": "Peire de Ladils\n\n\nPeire de Ladils de Bazas (; fl. 1325–1355) was a Gascon troubadour associated with the Consistori del Gay Saber in Toulouse. He was from Bazas in the Gironde and he served as advocate for the Cathédrale Saint-Jean-Baptiste. His surviving work comprises four \"cansos\", three \"dansas\", and two \"partimens\". In 1340 he composed a political \"partimen\" with Raimon de Cornet. He, and presumably Raimon also, was apparently well-read in the romantic literature of his time. His", "id": "11791403" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\nspirited courtly love\") he is the only troubadour to ever use the term \"courtly love\". Marcabrunian influence can be seen here too. In a later Crusade song, Peire defended Marcabru's abandonment of the \"carnal amar\". He advocates \"gran sabers ni purs\" (\"great and pure wisdom\") through \"bon'amor\" (\"good love\"). Along with Bernart Marti, Bernart de Venzac, and Gavaudan, Peire was part of a \"Marcabrunian school\". Nonetheless, as mentioned above", "id": "6558333" }, { "contents": "Guilhem Peire Cazals de Caortz\n\n\ncor que trameta\", composed in 1240, which mirrors \"D'una leu chanso ai cor que m'entremeta\", a \"canso\" by Guilhem Peire, in metre and rhyme and therefore gives a \"terminus ante quem\" for the \"tenso\"'s composition. Nine of Guilhem Peire's poems are dedicated to a certain friend and jongleur known only by the affectionate \"senhal\" \"Ardit\". Generally he wrote in the trobar ric genre, and in his \"leu chanso\" (\"canso\" in the trobar leu", "id": "12553938" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\n. The author of his \"vida\", editorialising, considers his poems to have been the greatest until Giraut de Borneill and his melodies to have been the best ever. The anonymous biographer records that his information about Peire's later years comes from Dalfi d'Alvernha. It has been suggested that Dalfi was the author of the \"vida\". According to an accusation of fellow troubadour Bernart Marti, Peire entered upon a religious life early, but quit Holy Orders for a life of itinerant minstrelsy. He may be the same person", "id": "6558329" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nan opponent of Christianity or even the Crusades. In \"Totz lo mons es vestitiz et abrazatz\" he urged Philip III of France, who had recently succeeded his father, Louis IX, who died in 1270 on the failed Eighth Crusade, to go to the aid of Edward Longshanks, then on the Ninth Crusade in Syria. Near the end of the \"sirventes\", \"Ab votz d'angel, lengu' esperta, non bleza\", composed as noted probably around 1229, Peire's words, \"[s]'ieu fos", "id": "4006802" }, { "contents": "Albert Malaspina\n\n\nAlbert Malaspina (1160/1165–1206/1212), called Alberto Moro (\"the Moor\") and \"lo marches putanier\" (\"the whoring marquess\"), was a member of the illustrious Malaspina family. He was a noted troubadour and patron of troubadours. Albert disputes with Peire de la Caravana the position of earliest native Italian troubadour. He was a son of Obizzo I the Great and husband of a daughter of William V of Montferrat. His brother-in-law Boniface I of Montferrat and his nephews Corrado (Conrad)", "id": "17471547" }, { "contents": "Peire de Corbiac\n\n\n) and Peire elsewhere calls himself \"maistre\". Certainly Peire's \"Tezaur\" is didactic in nature: his purpose in writing was to convince the wise that though he was poor in material terms he was richer still. Composed in 840 alexandrines, the \"Tezaur\" is an encyclopaedic compilation of all that the troubadour knew. The work displays a great breadth of knowledge. He expends 547 lines narrating the chief events of the Old and New Testaments, then discusses the seven liberal arts, medicine, surgery, necromancy,", "id": "15078721" }, { "contents": "Peire de Valeira\n\n\nfor an early troubadour genre which did not survive. It may also be that the distinctiveness of Peire's genre was regional, a Gascon style. The later Gascon troubadour Guiraut de Calanso wrote verses that were \"d'aquella saison\" (\"of that time\") and disliked in Provence, perhaps pointing to a Gascon tradition (or \"literary fad\") which was not popular outside of \"Gascoigna\" (Gascony). The \"paubra valor\" (\"poor value\") of Peire's songs may be a reflection", "id": "18999210" }, { "contents": "Henry II of Rodez\n\n\nHenry II (Occitan: \"Enric II de Rodés\") (c. 1236–1304), of the House of Millau, was the Count of Rodez and Viscount of Carlat from 1274 until his death. He was the son of Hugh IV of Rodez and Isabeau de Roquefeuil. Henry II was a troubadour and patron of troubadours. He composed six poems that survive: four \"tensos\" and two \"partimens\" (alternatively five \"torneyamens\"). His short \"vida\" records an exchange of couplets between \"lo coms", "id": "16712769" }, { "contents": "Peire Bremon lo Tort\n\n\nPeire Bremon lo Tort (or Bremonz lo Tortz) (\"fl.\" 1177) was a troubadour from the Viennois. Though only two of his pieces (both love songs) survive, his poetry is characterised by Francoprovençalisms. According to his short \"vida\", he was \"honoured by all the notable men.\" Peire Bremon has been identified with the Petrus Bermudi and Peire Bremont found in documents of 1160 pertaining to the Dauphiné. He is possibly the same person as the Peire Bremon related to the Counts of", "id": "16694577" }, { "contents": "Bernart Marti\n\n\nBernart Marti was a troubadour, composing poems and satires in Occitan, in the mid twelfth century. They show that he was influenced by his contemporaries Marcabru and knew Peire d'Alvernha, whom, in one poem, he accused of abandoning holy orders. Along with Peire, Gavaudan, and Bernart de Venzac he is sometimes placed in a hypothetical Marcabrunian school. His work is \"enigmatic, ironic, and satiric\", but has no following among later troubadours, according to Gaunt and Kay. Nine or ten of Marti's poems", "id": "14690002" }, { "contents": "Occitan literature\n\n\nthe part he is said to have played both by his sword and his sirveniescs in the struggle between Henry II of England and his rebel sons, though the importance of his part in the events of the time seems to have been greatly exaggerated; Peire Vidal of Toulouse, a poet of varied inspiration who grew rich with gifts bestowed on him by the greatest nobles of his time; Guiraut de Borneil, \"lo macsire dels trobadors\", and at any rate master in the art of the so-called close style (", "id": "11312610" }, { "contents": "Peire de Maensac\n\n\nto the (unnamed) wife of Bernart de Tierci. According to his \"vida\" he sang so much to her that she eventually allowed herself to be \"abducted\" by him. He fled with her to the castle of Dalf d'Alvernha, but her husband waged a \"great war\" to bring her back. Dalfi reputedly defended the castle so well that Bernart was unable to ever reclaim her. Peire was called a \"pleasant companion\" by his biographer. He wrote mostly \"cansos\" of courtly love with \"", "id": "6679235" }, { "contents": "Aimerico Manrique de Lara\n\n\ndefend the rights of the viscounts of Narbonne, recognising the rights of Aimeric at the same time. In early 1176, Ermengarda to retired to the monastery of Fontfroide, leaving the reins of government in Narbonne in Aimeric's hands. Aimeric died on 14 October 1177. Raymond V recovered his rights in Narbonne and his ducal title. Peire Rogier, a troubadour who frequented Ermengarda's court, addressed a poem to the viscountess and Aimeric. It is one of Peire's few datable works, coming between the years of Aimeric's", "id": "7254812" }, { "contents": "Guilhem d'Anduza\n\n\nGuilhem d'Anduza (fl. 1244–81) was a minor troubadour active in the middle of the thirteenth century. He belonged to the family of the lords of Anduze, who were patrons of several other troubadours. He was the eldest son of Peire Bremon VII, the last lord of Anduze and Sauve, and Josserande de Poitiers. Most of his father's lands were confiscated for rebellion in 1244. Guilhem acquired the barony of Olargues through marriage and inherited Hierle on his father's death in 1254. His petition to recover Anduze and", "id": "15667365" }, { "contents": "Guillem de Ribes\n\n\nof Miralpeix (now part of Sitges), held by one of his vassals, when it came under siege by two rivals, Berenguer de Castellet and Eymerich de Espiells. The castle was taken in an assault and partially destroyed. In a lawsuit brought against Guillem in the early 1200s, it was alleged that he had deliberately impeded the defence of the castle to his own benefit. He was succeeded by his nephew, Ponç II. The troubadour Peire d'Alvernhe composed a song satirizing twelve contemporary troubadours. It was probably first performed", "id": "10989340" }, { "contents": "Peire Guillem de Tolosa\n\n\nPeire Guillem (or Guilhem) de Tolosa was a 13th-century troubadour from Toulouse. Only one \"sirventes\" he wrote (\"En Sordel, que us es semblan\"), a \"tenso\" with the contemporary Italian poet Sordello, survives. According to his \"vida\" he was a courtly man who loved high society. The author of the \"vida\" also expresses admiration for his couplets but bewails the excessive number he composed, though so few of his works survive to this day. He was also", "id": "15990053" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\ncan detect the moralising influence of Marcabru, with whom in whose old age he was possibly acquainted. One of Marcabru's late songs is a satire of an early one by Peire d'Alvernhe. Marcabru's complexity was also imparted to Peire. On the topic of courtly love, Peire, who had abandoned the religious life early, came to abandon the claims of \"fin'amor\" (\"fine love\") later. When Peire espouses love of the Holy Ghost over \"cortez' amors de bon aire\" (\"well-", "id": "6558332" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\nthem and beg their mercy.\" By far, however, Peire's most famous work is \"Chantarai d'aquest trobadors\", a \"sirventes\" written at Puivert (\"Puoich-vert\") in which he ridicules twelve contemporary troubadours (\"a poetical gallery\") and praises himself. It has been conjectured that this piece was first performed in the presence of all twelve of the ridiculed poets in late Summer 1170 while an embassy bringing Eleanor, daughter of Henry II of England, to her Spanish goorm Alfonso VIII of", "id": "6558336" }, { "contents": "Peire de la Caravana\n\n\nbeen dated to as early as 1157. However, Peire incites the Lombard cities by harkening back to the fate of the baronage of Apulia who had resisted the Germans earlier: \"Lombart, beus gardazbr \"Que ja non siazbr \"Pejer que compraz,br \"Si ferm non estaz!br \"De Pulla'us sovegnabr \"Dels valens barosbr \"Qu'il non an que pegnabr \"For de lor maisos;br \"Gardaz non devegnabr \"Autretal de vos! This has led some to date it to 1194, when Henry VI conquered Sicily or as late", "id": "20349650" }, { "contents": "Marcoat\n\n\nMarcoat was a minor Gascon troubadour and joglar who flourished in the mid twelfth century. He is often cited in connexion with Eleanor of Aquitaine and is placed in a hypothetical \"school\" of poetry which includes Bernart de Ventadorn, Marcabru, Cercamon, Jaufre Rudel, Peire Rogier, and Peire de Valeria among others. Of all his works, only two \"sirventes\" survive: \"Mentre m'obri eis huisel\" and \"Una re.us dirai, en Serra\". Marcoat was an innovator building off the work of the contemporary Gascon", "id": "10485658" }, { "contents": "Gonzalo Ruiz\n\n\nmarry Alfonso VIII of Castile, then the identification of Guossalbo Roitz with Gonzalo Ruiz of Bureba becomes probable. Peire has this to say about his eleventh \"victim\" in lines 67 to 72: Peire is making fun of Gonzalo's well-known military career. In fact, Peire may have learned about Gonzalo on a trip he made to Castile in the spring of 1158. If he did not meet Gonzalo at the Castilian court, where Gonzalo undoubtedly was between January and February, then he may have met him at the", "id": "12361307" }, { "contents": "Peire Bremon lo Tort\n\n\nToulouse in a stanza of Peire d'Alvernhe's satire of contemporary troubadours. \"Peire Bremon\" was not a rare name and it was shared by the later troubadour, sometimes erroneously identified with lo Tort (whose nickname means \"the Wrong\"), Peire Bremon Ricas Novas. Peire's earlier poem, \"Mei oill an gran manentia\", was written as the troubadour prepared to depart from Syria, where he had been staying. He left behind a beloved \"domna\" (lady), whom he celebrated in the poem", "id": "16694578" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nabout the nuns may have additional significance. His tone changes after this and his closing lines suggest though that all this is a miracle from the \"saintly fathers\", suggesting his acceptance of things: Cardenal.org says that some have interpreted these lines as suggesting that Peire married at this time. By the end of his life he appears reconciled to the new \"modus vivendi\" in southern France. He died at an advanced age (allegedly one hundred years old) possibly either in Montpellier or Nimes, but this is only a", "id": "4006804" }, { "contents": "Peire Vidal\n\n\nPeire Vidal (born mid-12th century) was an Old Occitan troubadour. Forty-five of his songs are extant. The twelve that still have melodies bear testament to the deserved nature of his musical reputation. There is no contemporary reference to Peire outside of his works of poetry. His \"vida\" (a short Occitan biography)—composed about fifty years after his death—and two \"razos\" (short commentaries on specific poems) are probably fictionalised works built on episodes from his poems. Only the opening line of the \"vida", "id": "7150829" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\ndaughter or perhaps Peire's wife Marie) and then apparently to the couple's son James I of Aragon, born at Candlemas, according to James's Chronicle. It's not clear who the \"crois hom\" or \"dreadful man\" is in the final couplet, whose deeds are \"piggish\": Peire has really never addressed anyone in this verse but Peter II and those close to him. (But dualism had by then made its way into some of the local religious views of Medieval Languedoc: in dualist philosophy", "id": "4006797" }, { "contents": "Guillem de Balaun\n\n\nVierneta when he next returned to see Guilhelma. After a long time he returned, did reconcile Peire and Vierneta, and gave Peire more joy than he had felt even when he first won his lady. In order to test whether or not the joy of recovering a lady was greater than that of winning her, Guillem acted as though he were very angry with her. He ceased to discuss her or hear her discussed, to send her messages, or to visit her region. She sent him pleading messengers and letters of", "id": "21063206" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nmaritz\", \"if I were wed\", suggest that he is not yet wed. The verse which follows provides evidence in the view of some that Peire married: it first mocks the \"barrenness that bears fruit\" of the \"[beguinas\" (beguines, who may have sometimes been associated with the Dominicans; Hill and Bergin in 1973 said this was a reference to nuns of the Dominican Order). Throughout the verse of course Peire had been poking fun at the Dominican clergy, but the comment", "id": "4006803" }, { "contents": "Antide Boyer\n\n\nhis father, a potter. He spent four years at the minor seminary of Marseille, where he lost his faith in Christianity. He met Pierre Mazière at the seminary, who later wrote under the nom-de-plume Peire Simoun. He worked for the Chemins de fer de Paris à Lyon et à la Méditerranée (PLM), then at the La Ciotat shipyards, and then ran a wholesale oil and soap store with his first wife. He was one of the founders of the Bouches-du-Rhone Socialist", "id": "16118352" }, { "contents": "Peire de Valeira\n\n\nthe Gironde. His \"vida\" places his birthplace in the fief of Arnaut Guillem de Marsan, who was himself a troubadour. He was a contemporary of Marcabru and originally a jongleur. His poems were typical for the time, according to Uc de Saint Circ, the probable author of his \"vida\", being about natural objects (like leaves, flowers, and birds), but not of great value to the biographer's time. But Uc saves his harshest critique for the end, as Elizabeth Poe relates:", "id": "18999207" }, { "contents": "Troubadour\n\n\nNicoletto da Torino, Peire Raimon de Tolosa, Peire Rogier, Peire de Valeira, Peirol, Pistoleta, Perdigon, Salh d'Escola, Uc de la Bacalaria, Uc Brunet, and Uc de Saint Circ were jongleur-troubadours. A \"vida\" is a brief prose biography, written in Occitan, of a troubadour. The word \"vida\" means \"life\" in Occitan. In the chansonniers, the manuscript collections of medieval troubadour poetry, the works of a particular author are often accompanied by a short prose biography.", "id": "16794140" }, { "contents": "Peire de la Caravana\n\n\nas 1225, when the city-states of northern Italy renewed the old Lombard League in opposition to Henry's son, Frederick I of Sicily, Holy Roman Emperor. Writing in Lombardy in the Occitan tongue under the nominal sovereignty of the German monarch, Peire took the opportunity to poke fun at the German language, writing in a famously debated passage: \"Granoglas resembla\" [\"la gent d'Alemanha\"]br \"En dir\"(\"e\"): Broder, guaz;br \"Lairan, quant s'asemblabr \"Cum cans enrabjaz\".brbr Frogs resemble [the people of", "id": "20349651" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\n. In his wanderings he may have spent some time at Cortezon, at the court of the minor nobleman and troubadour Raimbaut d'Aurenga. Peire lived a long into old age, and performed penance before dying. Peire wrote mostly \"cansos\", which, as his \"vida\" points out, were called \"vers\" in his day. He also invented the \"pious song\" and wrote six such poems dealing with serious themes of religion, piety, and spirituality. Even in his more profane works, however, one", "id": "6558331" }, { "contents": "Raymond Pilet d'Alès\n\n\nRaymond Pilet (Raymond de Narbonnne-Pelet) (1075-1120), the only child of Bernard I Pilet of Narbonne and his wife, whose name is unknown. Seigneur of Alès. Bernard was the son of Raymond II, Viscount of Narbone from 1066 to 1067. The name “pelet” refers to a fur that the nobility wore over their cuirass and coats-of-arms. Raymond distinguished himself as a great warrior during the First Crusade. Many of the chroniclers of the Crusades, including William of Tyre", "id": "10100689" }, { "contents": "Dalfi d'Alvernha\n\n\nGuillemette de Comborn, Countess of Montferrand, daughter of Archambaud, Viscount of Comborn, and Jourdaine of Périgord. Their children were Aélis, Guillaume (William, later Count of Clermont), Blanche, and Alix. Troubadours who worked with Dalfi or sang at his court include Peirol, Perdigon, Peire de Maensac, Gaucelm Faidit, and Uc de Saint Circ; his cousin, bishop Robert of Clermont, exchanged satirical and erotic verses with him, as did Richard Coeur de Lion. One \"partimen\" between Dauphin and Perdigon", "id": "11683786" }, { "contents": "Troubadour\n\n\nwhose style seems to have fallen out of favour, was the \"Gascon school\" of Cercamon, Peire de Valeira, and Guiraut de Calanso. Cercamon was said by his biographer to have composed in the \"old style\" (\"la uzansa antiga\") and Guiraut's songs were \"d'aquella saison\" (\"of that time\"). This style of poetry seems to be attached to early troubadours from Gascony and was characterised by references to nature: leaves, flowers, birds, and their songs. This Gascon", "id": "16794155" }, { "contents": "Aimeric de Belenoi\n\n\nAimeric de Belenoi (fl. 1215–1242) was a Gascon troubadour. At least fifteen of his songs survived. Seven others were attributed to him in some medieval manuscripts. Aimeric was born in the castle of Lesparra in the Bordelais (\"metropolis civitas Burdigalensium\", the modern Gironde). His uncle was another troubadour, Peire de Corbiac. His \"vida\" says he was a cleric and later a jongleur before he took to \"inventing good songs, which were beautiful and charming.\" He apparently was the feudal lord", "id": "15990224" }, { "contents": "Jaufre de Pons\n\n\nis a \"partimen\" with Guiraut Riquier (\"Guiraut Riquier, diatz me,\" composed probably 1270 or 1280–1). Jaufre's part in the debate consists in asking plain youthful questions about love only to receive the bitter and experienced answers of Guiraut in proverbial form. Jaufre was probably the husband of Isabeau, daughter of Henry II of Rodez, a patron of troubadours. In 1292 he rendered homage to the lord of Châteauroux. Some scholars have suspected that there were more than one Jaufre de Pons (one from the", "id": "20235204" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\nthe \"trobar braus\" as a legitimate format for \"rough\" themes. One anonymous song of the Fifth Crusade, \"Lo Senhre que formet lo tro\", written between Spring 1213 and July 1214 has been attributed to Peire d'Alvernhe, but the dating makes that impossible. In a \"tenso\" between a Bernart (probably Bernart de Ventadorn) and an unnamed Peire, perhaps Peire d'Alvernhe, the latter argues that \"it is not becoming for ladies to make love-pleas; it is fitting that men plead with", "id": "6558335" }, { "contents": "Peire Guillem de Tolosa\n\n\nsaid to have composed \"sirventes joglarescs\", or \"sirventes\" in the manner of joglars, in order to criticise \"the barons\" (presumably the high noblesse). He also wrote a work criticising the prolific trouvère Theobald I of Navarre. The troubadour Bertran Carbonel twice mentions another troubadour by the initials P.G., possibly indicating Peire Guilhem. He mourns a certain P.G. in a \"planh\", where the initials probably stand in the manuscript for a full name, since three syllables would be required by the metre.", "id": "15990054" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\nappearance and manners has been cited in support of the view that the parody was done in the presence of all twelve victims, further supporting the conclusion that the parody was good-natured. Besides the criticism of a personal nature, many of the criticism launched by Peire allude to the works of the others, notably those of Bernart de Ventadorn and Raimbaut d'Aurenga. Peire's \"vida\" acclaimed him an accomplished singer and the greatest composer of melodies for verses yet known. Peire's famous \"Chantarai d'aquest trobadors\" contains a", "id": "6558338" }, { "contents": "Peire de Corbiac\n\n\ncentury before its appearance in Latin as \"contrapunctus\", today's counterpoint. The \"Tezaur\" had a lasting influence in the Late Middle Ages. The Jew Emanuele da Roma wrote the \"Ninth Meḥabbereth\", a Hebrew poem based on the \"Tesoretto\" of Brunetto Latini, itself based on the \"Tezaur\" of Peire. Peire was a religious man, as the dedicatory first verse of his \"Tezaur\" attests: it contains a dedication to Jesus and Mary and a statement of Trinitarian faith. His prayer to", "id": "15078723" }, { "contents": "Amanieu de Sescars\n\n\nSicily, and 1291, when he inherited Aragon. Amanieu's second didactic work, the \"Ensenhamen de la donsela\" can be dated between 1291 and 1295 by a reference to James as King of Aragon and to the ongoing War of the Sicilian Vespers. It is addressed to an unnamed \"donsela\" (young woman) and is designed to teach her how to behave in courtly society and how to be respected. Amanieu's poetry is definitely influenced by Peire Vidal and also possibly by Arnaut de Maruelh. The later troubadour", "id": "7359304" } ]

[ { "contents": "Peire Pelet\n\n\nPeire Pelet (died 1303) was the \"conseigneur\" of Alès in the Languedoc. He was married to Delfina (Delphine), a sister of Henry II of Rodez. He is the senher d'Alest (the lord of Alès) referred to as a participant in the \"torneyamen\" \"Senhe n'Enric, us reys un ric avar\" along with his brother-in-law Henry and the troubadour Guiraut Riquier. Peire was descended from a Raymond Pelet who took part in the First Crusade. His father was Bernard Pelet", "id": "9562337" }, { "contents": "Peire Pelet\n\n\n, who died in September 1252, leaving his entire heritage to his eldest son, William, under the tutelage of Bernard de Barre, Guillaume de Pontils, and Jean de Bossoles. In 1253 William, with his tutors and his younger brothers, including Peire, received the homage of their father's vassals: Hugues de Melet, Pierre de Spinasson, and many others, in the presence of Pierre Gaucelin, Bérenger de la Fare, Arnaud d'Arsac, and Pierre Gaucelin de Follaquier. On the death of William without heirs Peire", "id": "9562338" }, { "contents": "Peire Pelet\n\n\nsucceeded him. He married Delfina sometime before April 1276, when her brother released a sum of money left her by their father, Henry I: a hundred marks of silver or 5,000 \"sols tournois\". In 1274 James I of Aragon renounced the homage and oath of fealty owed by Peire for his fief since his great-great-grandfather, Bertrand Pelet, Count of Melgueil, had rendered it to James's grandfather, Alfonso II. Peire then began a war with Bérenger de Frédol, Bishop of Maguelonne, over", "id": "9562339" }, { "contents": "Peire Pelet\n\n\nthe county of Melgueil, which at that time was held by the bishop from the Papacy. In 1276 the combatants were brought before the episcopal court of the Archdiocese of Narbonne. Peire lost the case and was ordered to pay 1,000 \"livres\" in compensation. Joseph Angalde placed the aforementioned \"torneyamen\" around 1280–1, before the death of Peire, which he believed occurred in 1282; after the return of Riquier from Castile in 1279; and after the succession of Henry, who he believed was referred to as \"coms", "id": "9562340" }, { "contents": "Peire Raimon de Tolosa\n\n\nPeire Ramon's name (as \"Petrus Raimundus\") appears in two documents of Toulouse, dated to 1182 and 1214. According to his \"vida\", he became a jongleur and travelled to the court of Alfonso II of Aragon, who bestowed great honour on him. The earliest datable work by Peire Ramon is a \"planh\" written on the death of Henry the Young King in 1183. According to his \"vida\" Peire passed \"a long time\" at the courts of Alfonso, William VIII of Montpellier", "id": "19379363" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\npoetry. Among the other troubadours Peire encountered in his travels were Aimeric de Belenoi and Raimon de Miraval. He may have met Daude de Pradas and Guiraut Riquier at Rodez. Peire was influenced by Cadenet, whom he honoured in one of his pieces. He was possibly influenced by Bernart de Venzac. In his early days he was a vehement opponent of the French, the clergy and the Albigensian Crusade. In the \"sirventes\", \"Ab votz d'angel, lengu' esperta, non bleza\", dated by Hill and", "id": "4006799" }, { "contents": "Peire Vidal\n\n\nMany of his early poems were addressed to Vierna de Porcellet, a relative of the count's. In some poems Peire, Vierna and Raymond form a love triangle. From Toulouse Peire went to the court of King Alfonso II of Aragon, where he remained in good favour until the king's death in 1196. He continued to occasionally visit the court of Alfonso's son, Peter II In the rivalry between the rulers of Toulouse and Aragon, Peire took the side of Aragon. He visited the court of King Alfonso VIII", "id": "7150831" }, { "contents": "William I of Cagliari\n\n\nhis death. Allegedly, he was a man of some culture, as he was in reportedly in contact with the Provençal troubadours Peire de la Caravana and Peire Vidal, likely to contract their services on behalf of his wealthy patrons. He was the son of Giorgia, daughter of Constantine II of Cagliari, and Obert, Margrave of Massa. He was a brother of William, Margrave of Massa. His paternal relatives were a branch of the Obertenghi who ruled Massa Lunense from the 11th century. Constantine II's eldest daughter married", "id": "6352696" }, { "contents": "Peire de Valeira\n\n\n.\" Peire's entire \"vida\", found in MSS \"I\" and \"K\", however, is probably unreliable, since it appears to confuse him with another Gascon troubadour, Arnaut de Tintinhac. Peire is often placed in a hypothetical \"school\" of poetry which includes Bernart de Ventadorn, Cercamon, Jaufre Rudel, Marcabru, Marcoat, and Peire Rogier among others. Further, the references in his \"vida\" to songs of the time concerning leaves, flowers, songs, and birds may be evidence", "id": "18999209" }, { "contents": "Bertran de Gourdon\n\n\n. Bertran surrendered promptly to the Crusaders under Simon de Montfort in May 1218 and did homage to Simon for his lands. Bertran wrote a comic \"tenso\", that is poetical debate, with Peire Raimon de Tolosa, now known by the incipit \"Totz tos afars es nienz\". It was dated to before 1211 by Joseph Anglade on the basis that Bertran was probably not at odds with his fellow southern barons yet if he was, as Anglade, suspects, playing host and patron to Peire Raimon, who had just", "id": "17663226" }, { "contents": "Peire de la Mula\n\n\npoet named only \"Mola\" who exchanged some verses with Guilhem Raimon. He may be the same individual as Peire de la Mula, but he has also been identified with the \"joglars\" Tremoleta. One of Peire's surviving couplets, \"Ia de razon no.m cal metr'en pantais\", can be dated to before 1185 on the basis of a reference to \"Androin\"(\"e\"), that is, Andronicus I Comnenus, who died that year. It was a screed against the young and rich. Peire's other couplet", "id": "13683550" }, { "contents": "Peire Raimon de Tolosa\n\n\n, and a certain \"Count Raymond\", which could refer to either Raymond V of Toulouse or, more probably, Raymond VI. He also spent time in Italy (Lombardy and Piedmont), at the courts of Thomas I of Savoy, Guglielmo Malaspina, and Azzo VI of Este. Azzo's daughter Beatriz was the addressee of one of Peire's poems. Eventually Peire settled down with a wife in Pamiers and there he died. Peire was reputed as a singer and composer of \"cansos\". His work is", "id": "19379364" }, { "contents": "Peire Vidal\n\n\n\" is probably reliable. It says that he \"was from Toulouse, the son of a furrier\": \"si fo de Tolosa, fils d'un pelissier\". The fur and leather industry was well established in Toulouse, near the church of Saint Pierre des Cuisines, in the twelfth century. Peire started his career, along with the troubadour Bernart Durfort, at the court of Count Raymond V of Toulouse around 1176. He continued there until 1190, when he left to seek another patron after quarrelling with the count.", "id": "7150830" }, { "contents": "Guilhem Peire Cazals de Caortz\n\n\nGuilhem Peire Cazals de Caortz or Guilhem Peire de Cazals was a troubadour of the first half of the thirteenth century. He was born or lived in Cahors, Quercy, from which his name \"de Caortz\". Eleven of his works, including one \"tenso\", survive. The only sure way to date Guilhem Peire's life and work is by his \"tenso\" with Bernart de la Barta, who was alive in 1229, and by a \"sirventes\" of Guilhem Figueira, \"Un nou sirventes ai en", "id": "12553937" }, { "contents": "Peire Vidal\n\n\nof Castile at Toledo in 1195 and intermittently thereafter until 1201. He also stayed for a time at the court of King Alfonso IX of León, where the Galician–Portuguese lyric was favoured over the Occitan. Among Peire's many lesser patrons were Lord William VIII of Montpellier and his wife, the Byzantine princess Eudokia Komnene. (William was both a vassal of Peter II and his father-in-law.) Peire attended the Aragonese court during some of its visits to Narbonne, but although the ruling viscountess of that", "id": "7150832" }, { "contents": "Peire de la Mula\n\n\nPeire (or Pietro) de la Mula (\"fl. c.\" 1200) was an Italian troubadour. Of his writings a pair of couplets and one \"sirventes\" are all that survive. According to his \"vida\", he was a \"joglars\" and \"trobaire\" (troubadour) who stayed for a long time in Montferrat, Cortemilia, and the Piedmont at the court of Ottone del Carretto (fl. 1190–1233). This places Peire's activity before 1209, when Ottone lost Cortemilia. It has", "id": "13683548" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nsupposition, based on where the biographer and compiler Miquel de la Tor was active. Three of Peire's songs have surviving melodies, but two (for a \"canso\" and a \"sirventes\") were composed by others: Guiraut de Bornelh and Raimon Jordan respectively. Like many of his contemporary troubadours, Peire merely composed \"contrafacta\". The third, for \"Un sirventesc novel vuelh comensar\", may be Peire's own work. It is similar to the borrowed melody of Guiraut de Bornelh, mostly syllabic with", "id": "4006805" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\nas the \"Petrus d'Alvengue\" and \"Petrus de Alvernia\" who appear in surviving documents from Montpellier dated to the year 1148. Peire appears to have cultivated the favour of the ruling family of the Crown of Aragon, and his poems contain allusions to the counts of Barcelona and Provence. Perhaps he was following the fashion of the lords of Montpellier of his time, who, though vassals of the Count of Toulouse, were partial to the Aragonese. At the same time Peire did garner the support of Raymond V of Toulouse", "id": "6558330" }, { "contents": "Peire de Maensac\n\n\nPeire de Maensac was an Auvergnat knight and troubadour. He was from Maensac (either Mauzat, Manzat or Mainsat) in the lands of Dalfi d'Alvernha. He came from the petty nobility. His brother Austor or Austors was also a troubadour, but none of his works survives. According to Peire's \"vida\" the brothers agreed that one of them would \"have the castle\" (i.e. inherit) and the other would be the \"inventor\" (i.e. troubadour). Peire became the troubadour. He wrote poems dedicated", "id": "6679234" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nworldly deeds might be seen as \"piggish\".) Peire subsequently travelled widely, visiting the courts of Auvergne, Les Baux, Foix, Rodez, and Vienne. He may have even ventured into Spain and met Alfonso X of Castile, and James I of Aragon, although he never mentions the latter by name in his poems. (James is however of course mentioned in Peire's \"vida\".) During his travels Peire was accompanied by a suite of jongleurs, some of whom receive mention by name in his", "id": "4006798" }, { "contents": "Peire Raimon de Tolosa\n\n\ncharacterised by themes of nature. His style was hermetic. He imitated the troubadours Cadenet and Arnaut Daniel and was in turn imitated by Bertran de Born, especially as regards his use of natural imagery. Bertran went so far as to copy almost a whole stanza from Peire's \"No.m puesc sofrir d'una leu chanso faire.\" In \"Us noels pessamens\", Peire even anticipates the Tuscan poet Dante Alighieri. Peire is complaining about a mistress who first beckoned him and then broke her promise to him when he says: Peire", "id": "19379365" }, { "contents": "Aimeric de Belenoi\n\n\nwhere he probably had contact with Aimeric de Pegulhan, Albertet de Sestaro, Guillem Augier Novella and Peirol. He may also have made the acquaintance of Peire Cardenal. Aimeric went to Castile before making his final trip to Catalonia. His last datable work was \"Nulhs hom en res no falh\", a \"planh\" for Nuño Sánchez, who died in 1242. This \"planh\" was addressed to the \"comtessa Beatris\", wife of Raymond Berengar IV of Provence, and \"senher N'Imo\", her brother Aimone", "id": "15990226" }, { "contents": "Peire Bremon Ricas Novas\n\n\nproensal\", with its reference to \"us Provençals\". Peire's first datable work is a \"tenso\" written at the court of Raymond Berengar IV of Provence in 1230 with Gui de Cavalhon. At the court of Provence Peire also met Bertran d'Alamanon and Sordello, whose \"planh\" for Blacatz he imitated. Peire left the court of Raymond Berengar sometime in or after 1237 and went to that of Barral of Baux and thence to that of Raymond VII of Toulouse. Though there is no record of his having visited", "id": "12717295" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nsecond stanza Peire mentions Peter's success in the Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa; in the third he alludes to the sacking of Béziers (whose count Raymond Roger Trencavel was supposed to have been Peter's vassal): at Béziers the poorer soldiers of the Inquisition were flogged by the wealthier, and this is the theme of the stanza. Peire's mention of the court of Constantine may also again evoke the divorce proceedings of Peter and Marie where Peire ultimately lost. Peire later alludes to the death of someone (perhaps a", "id": "4006796" }, { "contents": "Elias de Barjols\n\n\naffability\" of Giraut IV Trencaleon d'Armagnac, the \"generosity\" of Randon (a lord of this name died before 1219, when he is mentioned in the testament of his son-in-law; he was the nephew of the troubadour Garin lo Brun), the \"good responses\" of Dalfi d'Alvernha, the \"wits\" of \"Peir cui es Monleos\" (maybe the troubadour Peire de Gavaret), the \"chivalry\" of Brian, the \"wisdom\" of Bertran, the \"courtesy\" of a", "id": "20595774" }, { "contents": "Peire Guilhem de Luserna\n\n\nPeire Guilhem de Luserna () was a Piedmontese troubadour. Peire's identity as an Italian has been up for debate since the 19th century. \"Luserna\" more probably refers to Luserna in the Piedmont, rich and populous in Peire’s time, a town on the left bank of the Pellice lying on the road into the Viennois and Dauphiné, Occitan-speaking territories. On the other hand, it may be Lusarne (\"Luserna\" in Italian) in the Leberon valley in Provence, on the road between Reillane in", "id": "10437582" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nPeire del Puei, li trobador\" with Aimeric de Pegulhan. At Raymond's court also perhaps, probably in 1213, Peire composed a \"sirventes\", \"Las amairitz, qui encolpar las vol\", which may have encouraged Peter II of Aragon to help Toulouse in the Battle of Muret, where Peter died. In this \"sirventes\" Peire alludes first perhaps to the accusations of adultery that Peter had leveled against Peter's wife Maria of Montpellier but also perhaps to the various changes in law governing women. In the", "id": "4006795" }, { "contents": "Peire Lunel de Montech\n\n\nPeire Lunel de Montech (fl. 1326–1384), also known as Cavalier Lunel or Peire de Lunel, was a lawyer, politician and author of Toulouse. His name indicates he was a knight (\"cavalier\" in Occitan) from Montech. In his youth he was a troubadour. A \"canso\", a Crusading song, a \"sirventes\", an \"ensenhamen\" and some moralising \"coblas esparsas\" survive of his work. The Crusading song is dated to around 1326. It is a critique of King", "id": "11493706" }, { "contents": "Ermengarde, Viscountess of Narbonne\n\n\nthe langue d'oïl in the north. She corresponded with many troubadours, including Peire Rogier, Giraut de Bornelh, Peire d'Alvergne, Pons d'Ortafa, and Salh d'Escola, as well as the trobairitz Azalais de Porcairagues. In addition it is believed that she welcomed to her court Rognvald II of Orkney, a Viking prince that became a saint, and poet, who composed skaldic poetry for her. Without issue after two unhappy marriages, Ermengarde designated as heir Pedro Manrique de Lara -the second but eldest surviving son of her half-sister", "id": "17254566" }, { "contents": "Peire de Corbiac\n\n\nPeire de Corbiac or Corbian was a Gascon cleric and troubadour of the thirteenth century. His most famous works are a religious piece, the \"Prière à la Vierge\" (prayer to the Virgin), and his \"treasures\", \"Lo tezaurs\" (c. 1225). Peire was born at Corbiac near Bordeaux to a poor family. He was educated at Orléans in the Scholastic tradition. His nephew was the troubadour Aimeric de Belenoi, whose \"vida\" refers to him as \"maestre\" (master, teacher", "id": "15078720" }, { "contents": "Peire de la Caravana\n\n\nGermany]br In saying: \"Brother, watz!\"br The sound of which as much resemblesbr Dogs barking. The German word \"watz\" is said to be an interjection resembling the clinking of glasses and proposes a toast. Peire also had ties to Sardinia. He dedicated his \"D'un serventes faire\" to a \"senhal Malgrat de toz\", which has been identified as Barisone II of Arborea, who was crowned King of Sardinia at Pavia by the Emperor Frederick I in return for 4,000 silver marks from Genoa, but was later deposed", "id": "20349652" }, { "contents": "Pere de Montsó\n\n\n. If Pattison's reconstruction of events surrounding Peire d'Alvernhe's satire is correct, however, Pere de Montsó was attached to the Spanish entourage (possibly as a jongleur) of Eleanor, daughter of Henry II of England and fiancée of Alfonso VIII of Castile, who was travelling through Gascony on her way to Spain when she and her entourage were entertained by Peire's satire. Pattison suggest on the basis of this stanza that the troupe had also travelled through the lands of Toulouse and met in the presence of the Count, whose", "id": "11269399" }, { "contents": "Occitan literature\n\n\nof Ventadour's father was a servant, Peire Vidal's a maker of furred garments, Perdigon's a fisher. Others belonged to the bourgeoisie, Peire d'Alvernha, for example, Peire Raimon of Toulouse, and Elias Fonsalada. Likewise we see merchants' sons as troubadours; this was the case with Folquet of Marseille and Aimeric de Peguilhan. A great many were clerics, or at least studied for the Church, for instance, Arnaut de Mareuil, Uc de Saint Circ, Aimeric de Belenoi, Hugh Brunet, Peire Cardenal", "id": "11312613" }, { "contents": "Pere de Montsó\n\n\nPere de Montsó (fl. 1173), also Peire de Monzo(n), was an Aragonese troubadour, though none of his compositions survive. He was probably from Monzón near the border with Catalonia, but he may have hailed from Monzón de Campos in Castile, as Ramón Menéndez Pidal believed. He is the subject of the eighth stanza of a famous satire of twelve troubadours by Peire d'Alvernhe. This stanza has different readings: The verse is very unclear. The first reading suggests that Raymond V of Toulouse had heard Pere sing", "id": "11269398" }, { "contents": "Peire de Barjac\n\n\nPeire de Barjac was a Languedocian troubadour who flourished in the first half of the thirteenth century. He was a descendant of the troubadours Guillem de Randon and Garin lo Brun. Only one of poem that was certainly written by Peire survives: \"Tot francamen, domna, veing denan vos\". The rubric above the poem in the manuscript labels it a \"conjat\" and scholars have classified it as a \"mala canso\", or bad \"canso\". It is a song about leaving his lover. Many other songs", "id": "8049259" }, { "contents": "Pierre Roger de Cabaret\n\n\nPierre Roger de Cabaret (French) or Pèire Rogièr de Cabaret (Occitan) (fl. 13th century) was a military leader of the Occitan forces in the Albigensian Crusade. He inherited three hilltop castles near modern-day Lastours from his father. He was a patron of the troubadours, including Peire Vidal. He was a vassal of viscount Raymond Roger Trencavel, and was present with him during the siege of the castrum of Carcassonne in early stages of the Albigensian Crusade in 1209. Allegedly, Pierre-Roger advised Trencavel", "id": "11128862" }, { "contents": "Peire Raimon de Tolosa\n\n\nPeire Raimon de Tolosa (or Toloza; fl. 1180–1220) was a troubadour from the merchant class of Toulouse. He is variously referred to as \"lo Viellz\" (\"the Old\") and \"lo Gros\" (\"the Fat\"), though these are thought by some to refer to two different persons. On the other hand, \"lo Viellz\" could refer to his being of an early generation of troubadours. Eighteen of Peire Ramon's poems survive, one \"canso\" with a melody.", "id": "19379362" }, { "contents": "Peire Vidal\n\n\ncity, Ermengarde, was a notable patron of troubadours (like Azalais de Porcairagues) there is no indication that she patronised Peire or that he wrote songs for her. Peire was also associated with Raimon Jaufre Barral, viscount of Marseille and brother-in-law of Vierna. Barral's son-in-law, Hugh of Baux, was also a patron of Peire Vidal. The troubadour Blacatz, a relative of Hugh's and of modest wealth, was a patron. Peire Vidal is referenced in Ezra Pound's poem", "id": "7150833" }, { "contents": "Peire Guilhem de Luserna\n\n\nthe Basses-Alpes and Bastide-des-Jourdans. Peire was probably at the court of the Este beginning in 1221, during the reign of Azzo VII, husband of Giovanna, the object of one of Peire's songs. Sometime before arriving at Ferrara, Peire was probably at the court of Manfred III of Saluzzo. In 1220 Aimeric de Peguilhan, then at the Malaspina court, mentioned him in a poem—\"Ni un autre tirador / qu’eu no vuoill dir de Luserna\"—as being among a quintet of Occitan poets at Saluzzo: Peire", "id": "10437583" }, { "contents": "Gonzalo Ruiz\n\n\nthe 1170s. If Gonzalo Ruiz is de Azagra, it should be noted that his brother's daughter, Tota Pérez, was married to Diego López de Haro—with whom the lord of La Bureba had a connexion—who was a great patron of troubadours. Rigaut de Barbezill, Peire Vidal, and Aimeric de Pegulhan all spent time at his court, as did Rodrigo Díaz de los Cameros, his son-in-law, one of the earliest Galician-Portuguese troubadours. Riquer attaches the Castilian embassy in France circa", "id": "12361311" }, { "contents": "Peire de la Caravana\n\n\nPeire de la Caravana (also Cavarana, Gavarana, or Cà Varana, perhaps meaning \"near Verona\") was an Italian troubadour (\"trovatore\") in Lombardy in the late 12th and early 13th centuries. He was one of the earliest Occitan troubadours in Italy. He is famous for his \"sirventes\". Among his preserved works are the \"sirventes\" \"D'un serventes faire\" and \"La Paz de Costanza\". Peire wrote the first encouraging the communes of northern Italy to resist German overlorship, which has", "id": "20349649" }, { "contents": "Peire Rogier\n\n\nlong time. From Raimbaut's court he moved on to sojourn at that of Alfonso VIII of Castile, then that of Alfonso II of Aragon, and finally that of Raymond V of Toulouse, where he arrived circa 1170. According to his \"vida\", he became much esteemed as a troubadour through his travels, but there is no evidence otherwise for any movements in Spain, except perhaps the assembly of troubadours at the court of Aragon mentioned in a work of Peire d'Alvernhe (which need not have taken place).", "id": "1085906" }, { "contents": "Peire de Bussignac\n\n\nPeire de Bussignac, Bossinhac, or Bocinhac (fl. c. 1160) was a nobleman, cleric, and troubadour from the Périgord. He was probably from Bussignac in Hautefort, but possibly Boussignac in Tulle. He was, according to his \"vida\", \"from the castle of Bertran de Born\". Though his \"vida\" speaks of \"good \"sirventes\"\" to reproach ladies for bad behaviour and \"sirventes\" attacking Bertran, only one \"sirventes\" by Peire survives: \"Quan lo dous temps", "id": "6679237" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\nCastile sojourned at Puivert. If the above date is not accepted, it can be probably dated later than 1165—since Giraut de Borneill was only active from c.1170—and certainly before 1173, when Raimbaut d'Aurenga died. The Monge de Montaudon later composed a parody of Peire's satire, \"Pos Peire d'Alvernhl a chantat\". \"Chantarai d'aquest trobadors\" is near universally regarded today as playful parody and not as a work of serious literary or artistic criticism. The obscurity of most of the ridiculed poets and the attack upon such personal characteristics as", "id": "6558337" }, { "contents": "Arnaut de Tintinhac\n\n\nattitude towards encouraging courtly love he also resembles the early troubadours. Like other early Gascon troubadours, such as Peire de Valeira, he employed nature metaphors, as at the beginning of this song: The \"vida\" of Peire de Valeira seems to confuse its intended subject with Arnaut (at least at some points). It goes like this: Peire de Valeira was from Gascony, from the land of Lord Arnaut Guillem de Marsan. He was a minstrel at the very same time in which Marcabru lived, and he composed", "id": "12717977" }, { "contents": "Peire de Valeira\n\n\nPeire de Valeira, Valeria, or Valera (fl. early–mid twelfth century) was a Gascon troubadour. Since troubadour poetry probably originated in northwest Aquitaine (Poitou and Saintonge) and first spread—within a generation—south into Gascony, Peire was one of the earliest troubadours. Only two of his poems survive, one \"canso\" (\"Vezer volgra n'Ezelgarda\") and one \"cobla\" (\"Qui qu'Amors don son voler\"). His birthplace was Valera, near Podensac and Saint-Macaire in", "id": "18999206" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Ussel\n\n\nPeire d'Ussel or d'Uisel (\"Pèire d'Ussèl\" in modern Occitan; fl. c. 1200) was a Limousin troubadour, the middle of three brothers, castellans of the castle of Ussel-sur-Sarzonne, northeast of Ventadorn. His elder brother was Eble and his younger Gui, and he also had a cousin named Elias; all four were troubadours. According to Gui's \"vida\", Peire descanted his relatives’ songs. This should not be understood to imply that Peire was only a musician. One \"cobla", "id": "14026658" }, { "contents": "Peyre de Rius\n\n\nPeyre de Rius (\"fl.\"1344–86) was an Occitan troubadour from Foix. He wrote under the patronage of Gaston Phoebus, Count of Foix, and Peter the Ceremonious, King of Aragon. He is one of the few troubadours known by name who lived for a time at Peter's court in Barcelona. His name in standardised Occitan is \"Peire\" or \"Pèire\", in Catalan it is \"Pere\", and in modern French \"Pierre\". An obscure reference to a Pere Riu among some \"", "id": "16102630" }, { "contents": "Matfre Ermengau\n\n\n) of the work, \"Perilhos tractatz d'amor de donas, seguon qu'en han tractat li antic trobador en lurs cansos\", structured as a dialogue between the defenders Love and her critics, is filled with citations (266 by some counts) of other troubadours and even some trouvères; Matfre cited himself six (Jeanroy) or nine (Paden) times and cited his brother Peire twice. He was careful to cite poets from different eras, but his favourites appear to be Aimeric de Peguilhan, Bernart de Ventadorn, and Peire", "id": "4121404" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nhim to vernacular lyric poetry and he abandoned his career in the church for \"the vanity of this world\", according to his \"vida\". Peire began his career at the court of Raymond VI of Toulouse—from whom he sought patronage—and a document of 1204 refers to a \"Petrus Cardinalis\" as a scribe of Raymond's chancery. At Raymond's court, however, he appears to have been known as Peire del Puoi or Puei (). Around 1238 he wrote a \"partimen\" beginning \"", "id": "4006794" }, { "contents": "Peire de la Mula\n\n\n, \"Una leig vei d'escuoill\", was also an attack on minstrels (\"joglars\"), who, at his time, were bringing their \"insolence\" from across the Alps into the presence of the \"pros\" (powerful) of Italy. Peire refers in this work to both Breton (\"Bretz\") and Norman (\"Normans\") minstrels. Peire's only full-length work to survive, \"Dels joglars servir mi laisse\", is a \"sirventes joglaresc\", a \"sirventes", "id": "13683551" }, { "contents": "Sancha of Castile, Queen of Aragon\n\n\nSancha of Castile (21 September 1154/5 – 9 November 1208) was the only surviving child of King Alfonso VII of Castile by his second wife, Richeza of Poland. On January 18, 1174, she married King Alfonso II of Aragon at Zaragoza; they had at least eight children who survived into adulthood. A patroness of troubadours such as Giraud de Calanson and Peire Raymond, the queen became involved in a legal dispute with her husband concerning properties which formed part of her dower estates. In 1177 she entered the county of", "id": "21291157" }, { "contents": "Ottone del Carretto\n\n\nin 1217. He predeceased his father in 1228. His second son, Enrico (Henry), married Beatrice, daughter of Boniface I of Montferrat. A third son, Manfredo (Manfred), is only attested in one document of 1242 in the \"Codex Astensis\". Ottone was a patron of several troubadours, composers of Old Occitan lyric poetry. He is prominent in the \"vida\" (short vernacular biography) of Peire de la Mula. In one manuscript his name is given as \"miser N'Ot del Carret", "id": "18951554" }, { "contents": "Peire de Barjac\n\n\nare attributed to multiple troubadours in the manuscripts. Some attributed to Peire are also attributed to Peire de Bussignac, Berenguier de Palazol, Elias de Barjols, Guillem de la Tor, Pons de Capdoill and Uc de Saint Circ; yet few of these other attributions are reliable. One song attributed to Peire in one manuscript is unattributed in another. Stronski argues that the attribution to Elias de Barjols was an emendation by the scribe confronted with the unfamiliar name Peire de Barjac. Napolski considered the attribution to Pons de Capdoill dubious. Alfred", "id": "8049260" }, { "contents": "Uc de Lescura\n\n\nUc de Lescura or de l'Escura (fl. 1190–1204) was a minor troubadour. The \"Lescura\" of his birth is unknown. There is a Lescurre in Ariège, Aveyron, and Tarn. Based on references in his work, historian Alfred Adler placed him at the court of Alfonso VIII of Castile (whom he calls \"emperor\") and in Catalonia. Uc's only existing work is a \"sirventes\", \"De mots ricos no tem Peire Vidal\", that begins with a \"gab\" proclaiming his", "id": "7146555" }, { "contents": "Peire de Montagut\n\n\nPeire de Montagut (? – 28 January 1232) was Grand Master of the Knights Templar from 1218 to 1232. He took part in the Fifth Crusade and was against the Sultan of Egypt's conditions for raising the siege of Damietta. He was previously Master of the Crown of Aragon. A close friend of Guillaume de Chartres, it was most likely the trust the previous Grand Master had in him which meant he himself was elected so quickly in 1218. At the same time, the Grand Master of the Knights Hospitaller was", "id": "11505219" }, { "contents": "Alfonso II of Aragon\n\n\ntaking a lover who is richer than herself. The debate had been begun by Guilhem de Saint-Leidier and was taken up by Azalais de Porcairagues and Raimbaut of Orange; there was also a \"partimen\" on the topic between Dalfi d'Alvernha and Perdigon. Alfonso and his love affairs are mentioned in poems by many troubadours, including Guillem de Berguedà (who criticized his dealings with Azalais of Toulouse) and Peire Vidal, who commended Alfonso's decision to marry Sancha rather than Eudokia Komnene that he had preferred a poor Castilian maid", "id": "20647088" }, { "contents": "Peire de Ladils\n\n\nPeire de Ladils de Bazas (; fl. 1325–1355) was a Gascon troubadour associated with the Consistori del Gay Saber in Toulouse. He was from Bazas in the Gironde and he served as advocate for the Cathédrale Saint-Jean-Baptiste. His surviving work comprises four \"cansos\", three \"dansas\", and two \"partimens\". In 1340 he composed a political \"partimen\" with Raimon de Cornet. He, and presumably Raimon also, was apparently well-read in the romantic literature of his time. His", "id": "11791403" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\nspirited courtly love\") he is the only troubadour to ever use the term \"courtly love\". Marcabrunian influence can be seen here too. In a later Crusade song, Peire defended Marcabru's abandonment of the \"carnal amar\". He advocates \"gran sabers ni purs\" (\"great and pure wisdom\") through \"bon'amor\" (\"good love\"). Along with Bernart Marti, Bernart de Venzac, and Gavaudan, Peire was part of a \"Marcabrunian school\". Nonetheless, as mentioned above", "id": "6558333" }, { "contents": "Guilhem Peire Cazals de Caortz\n\n\ncor que trameta\", composed in 1240, which mirrors \"D'una leu chanso ai cor que m'entremeta\", a \"canso\" by Guilhem Peire, in metre and rhyme and therefore gives a \"terminus ante quem\" for the \"tenso\"'s composition. Nine of Guilhem Peire's poems are dedicated to a certain friend and jongleur known only by the affectionate \"senhal\" \"Ardit\". Generally he wrote in the trobar ric genre, and in his \"leu chanso\" (\"canso\" in the trobar leu", "id": "12553938" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\n. The author of his \"vida\", editorialising, considers his poems to have been the greatest until Giraut de Borneill and his melodies to have been the best ever. The anonymous biographer records that his information about Peire's later years comes from Dalfi d'Alvernha. It has been suggested that Dalfi was the author of the \"vida\". According to an accusation of fellow troubadour Bernart Marti, Peire entered upon a religious life early, but quit Holy Orders for a life of itinerant minstrelsy. He may be the same person", "id": "6558329" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nan opponent of Christianity or even the Crusades. In \"Totz lo mons es vestitiz et abrazatz\" he urged Philip III of France, who had recently succeeded his father, Louis IX, who died in 1270 on the failed Eighth Crusade, to go to the aid of Edward Longshanks, then on the Ninth Crusade in Syria. Near the end of the \"sirventes\", \"Ab votz d'angel, lengu' esperta, non bleza\", composed as noted probably around 1229, Peire's words, \"[s]'ieu fos", "id": "4006802" }, { "contents": "Albert Malaspina\n\n\nAlbert Malaspina (1160/1165–1206/1212), called Alberto Moro (\"the Moor\") and \"lo marches putanier\" (\"the whoring marquess\"), was a member of the illustrious Malaspina family. He was a noted troubadour and patron of troubadours. Albert disputes with Peire de la Caravana the position of earliest native Italian troubadour. He was a son of Obizzo I the Great and husband of a daughter of William V of Montferrat. His brother-in-law Boniface I of Montferrat and his nephews Corrado (Conrad)", "id": "17471547" }, { "contents": "Peire de Corbiac\n\n\n) and Peire elsewhere calls himself \"maistre\". Certainly Peire's \"Tezaur\" is didactic in nature: his purpose in writing was to convince the wise that though he was poor in material terms he was richer still. Composed in 840 alexandrines, the \"Tezaur\" is an encyclopaedic compilation of all that the troubadour knew. The work displays a great breadth of knowledge. He expends 547 lines narrating the chief events of the Old and New Testaments, then discusses the seven liberal arts, medicine, surgery, necromancy,", "id": "15078721" }, { "contents": "Peire de Valeira\n\n\nfor an early troubadour genre which did not survive. It may also be that the distinctiveness of Peire's genre was regional, a Gascon style. The later Gascon troubadour Guiraut de Calanso wrote verses that were \"d'aquella saison\" (\"of that time\") and disliked in Provence, perhaps pointing to a Gascon tradition (or \"literary fad\") which was not popular outside of \"Gascoigna\" (Gascony). The \"paubra valor\" (\"poor value\") of Peire's songs may be a reflection", "id": "18999210" }, { "contents": "Henry II of Rodez\n\n\nHenry II (Occitan: \"Enric II de Rodés\") (c. 1236–1304), of the House of Millau, was the Count of Rodez and Viscount of Carlat from 1274 until his death. He was the son of Hugh IV of Rodez and Isabeau de Roquefeuil. Henry II was a troubadour and patron of troubadours. He composed six poems that survive: four \"tensos\" and two \"partimens\" (alternatively five \"torneyamens\"). His short \"vida\" records an exchange of couplets between \"lo coms", "id": "16712769" }, { "contents": "Peire Bremon lo Tort\n\n\nPeire Bremon lo Tort (or Bremonz lo Tortz) (\"fl.\" 1177) was a troubadour from the Viennois. Though only two of his pieces (both love songs) survive, his poetry is characterised by Francoprovençalisms. According to his short \"vida\", he was \"honoured by all the notable men.\" Peire Bremon has been identified with the Petrus Bermudi and Peire Bremont found in documents of 1160 pertaining to the Dauphiné. He is possibly the same person as the Peire Bremon related to the Counts of", "id": "16694577" }, { "contents": "Bernart Marti\n\n\nBernart Marti was a troubadour, composing poems and satires in Occitan, in the mid twelfth century. They show that he was influenced by his contemporaries Marcabru and knew Peire d'Alvernha, whom, in one poem, he accused of abandoning holy orders. Along with Peire, Gavaudan, and Bernart de Venzac he is sometimes placed in a hypothetical Marcabrunian school. His work is \"enigmatic, ironic, and satiric\", but has no following among later troubadours, according to Gaunt and Kay. Nine or ten of Marti's poems", "id": "14690002" }, { "contents": "Occitan literature\n\n\nthe part he is said to have played both by his sword and his sirveniescs in the struggle between Henry II of England and his rebel sons, though the importance of his part in the events of the time seems to have been greatly exaggerated; Peire Vidal of Toulouse, a poet of varied inspiration who grew rich with gifts bestowed on him by the greatest nobles of his time; Guiraut de Borneil, \"lo macsire dels trobadors\", and at any rate master in the art of the so-called close style (", "id": "11312610" }, { "contents": "Peire de Maensac\n\n\nto the (unnamed) wife of Bernart de Tierci. According to his \"vida\" he sang so much to her that she eventually allowed herself to be \"abducted\" by him. He fled with her to the castle of Dalf d'Alvernha, but her husband waged a \"great war\" to bring her back. Dalfi reputedly defended the castle so well that Bernart was unable to ever reclaim her. Peire was called a \"pleasant companion\" by his biographer. He wrote mostly \"cansos\" of courtly love with \"", "id": "6679235" }, { "contents": "Aimerico Manrique de Lara\n\n\ndefend the rights of the viscounts of Narbonne, recognising the rights of Aimeric at the same time. In early 1176, Ermengarda to retired to the monastery of Fontfroide, leaving the reins of government in Narbonne in Aimeric's hands. Aimeric died on 14 October 1177. Raymond V recovered his rights in Narbonne and his ducal title. Peire Rogier, a troubadour who frequented Ermengarda's court, addressed a poem to the viscountess and Aimeric. It is one of Peire's few datable works, coming between the years of Aimeric's", "id": "7254812" }, { "contents": "Guilhem d'Anduza\n\n\nGuilhem d'Anduza (fl. 1244–81) was a minor troubadour active in the middle of the thirteenth century. He belonged to the family of the lords of Anduze, who were patrons of several other troubadours. He was the eldest son of Peire Bremon VII, the last lord of Anduze and Sauve, and Josserande de Poitiers. Most of his father's lands were confiscated for rebellion in 1244. Guilhem acquired the barony of Olargues through marriage and inherited Hierle on his father's death in 1254. His petition to recover Anduze and", "id": "15667365" }, { "contents": "Guillem de Ribes\n\n\nof Miralpeix (now part of Sitges), held by one of his vassals, when it came under siege by two rivals, Berenguer de Castellet and Eymerich de Espiells. The castle was taken in an assault and partially destroyed. In a lawsuit brought against Guillem in the early 1200s, it was alleged that he had deliberately impeded the defence of the castle to his own benefit. He was succeeded by his nephew, Ponç II. The troubadour Peire d'Alvernhe composed a song satirizing twelve contemporary troubadours. It was probably first performed", "id": "10989340" }, { "contents": "Peire Guillem de Tolosa\n\n\nPeire Guillem (or Guilhem) de Tolosa was a 13th-century troubadour from Toulouse. Only one \"sirventes\" he wrote (\"En Sordel, que us es semblan\"), a \"tenso\" with the contemporary Italian poet Sordello, survives. According to his \"vida\" he was a courtly man who loved high society. The author of the \"vida\" also expresses admiration for his couplets but bewails the excessive number he composed, though so few of his works survive to this day. He was also", "id": "15990053" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\ncan detect the moralising influence of Marcabru, with whom in whose old age he was possibly acquainted. One of Marcabru's late songs is a satire of an early one by Peire d'Alvernhe. Marcabru's complexity was also imparted to Peire. On the topic of courtly love, Peire, who had abandoned the religious life early, came to abandon the claims of \"fin'amor\" (\"fine love\") later. When Peire espouses love of the Holy Ghost over \"cortez' amors de bon aire\" (\"well-", "id": "6558332" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\nthem and beg their mercy.\" By far, however, Peire's most famous work is \"Chantarai d'aquest trobadors\", a \"sirventes\" written at Puivert (\"Puoich-vert\") in which he ridicules twelve contemporary troubadours (\"a poetical gallery\") and praises himself. It has been conjectured that this piece was first performed in the presence of all twelve of the ridiculed poets in late Summer 1170 while an embassy bringing Eleanor, daughter of Henry II of England, to her Spanish goorm Alfonso VIII of", "id": "6558336" }, { "contents": "Peire de la Caravana\n\n\nbeen dated to as early as 1157. However, Peire incites the Lombard cities by harkening back to the fate of the baronage of Apulia who had resisted the Germans earlier: \"Lombart, beus gardazbr \"Que ja non siazbr \"Pejer que compraz,br \"Si ferm non estaz!br \"De Pulla'us sovegnabr \"Dels valens barosbr \"Qu'il non an que pegnabr \"For de lor maisos;br \"Gardaz non devegnabr \"Autretal de vos! This has led some to date it to 1194, when Henry VI conquered Sicily or as late", "id": "20349650" }, { "contents": "Marcoat\n\n\nMarcoat was a minor Gascon troubadour and joglar who flourished in the mid twelfth century. He is often cited in connexion with Eleanor of Aquitaine and is placed in a hypothetical \"school\" of poetry which includes Bernart de Ventadorn, Marcabru, Cercamon, Jaufre Rudel, Peire Rogier, and Peire de Valeria among others. Of all his works, only two \"sirventes\" survive: \"Mentre m'obri eis huisel\" and \"Una re.us dirai, en Serra\". Marcoat was an innovator building off the work of the contemporary Gascon", "id": "10485658" }, { "contents": "Gonzalo Ruiz\n\n\nmarry Alfonso VIII of Castile, then the identification of Guossalbo Roitz with Gonzalo Ruiz of Bureba becomes probable. Peire has this to say about his eleventh \"victim\" in lines 67 to 72: Peire is making fun of Gonzalo's well-known military career. In fact, Peire may have learned about Gonzalo on a trip he made to Castile in the spring of 1158. If he did not meet Gonzalo at the Castilian court, where Gonzalo undoubtedly was between January and February, then he may have met him at the", "id": "12361307" }, { "contents": "Peire Bremon lo Tort\n\n\nToulouse in a stanza of Peire d'Alvernhe's satire of contemporary troubadours. \"Peire Bremon\" was not a rare name and it was shared by the later troubadour, sometimes erroneously identified with lo Tort (whose nickname means \"the Wrong\"), Peire Bremon Ricas Novas. Peire's earlier poem, \"Mei oill an gran manentia\", was written as the troubadour prepared to depart from Syria, where he had been staying. He left behind a beloved \"domna\" (lady), whom he celebrated in the poem", "id": "16694578" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nabout the nuns may have additional significance. His tone changes after this and his closing lines suggest though that all this is a miracle from the \"saintly fathers\", suggesting his acceptance of things: Cardenal.org says that some have interpreted these lines as suggesting that Peire married at this time. By the end of his life he appears reconciled to the new \"modus vivendi\" in southern France. He died at an advanced age (allegedly one hundred years old) possibly either in Montpellier or Nimes, but this is only a", "id": "4006804" }, { "contents": "Peire Vidal\n\n\nPeire Vidal (born mid-12th century) was an Old Occitan troubadour. Forty-five of his songs are extant. The twelve that still have melodies bear testament to the deserved nature of his musical reputation. There is no contemporary reference to Peire outside of his works of poetry. His \"vida\" (a short Occitan biography)—composed about fifty years after his death—and two \"razos\" (short commentaries on specific poems) are probably fictionalised works built on episodes from his poems. Only the opening line of the \"vida", "id": "7150829" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\ndaughter or perhaps Peire's wife Marie) and then apparently to the couple's son James I of Aragon, born at Candlemas, according to James's Chronicle. It's not clear who the \"crois hom\" or \"dreadful man\" is in the final couplet, whose deeds are \"piggish\": Peire has really never addressed anyone in this verse but Peter II and those close to him. (But dualism had by then made its way into some of the local religious views of Medieval Languedoc: in dualist philosophy", "id": "4006797" }, { "contents": "Guillem de Balaun\n\n\nVierneta when he next returned to see Guilhelma. After a long time he returned, did reconcile Peire and Vierneta, and gave Peire more joy than he had felt even when he first won his lady. In order to test whether or not the joy of recovering a lady was greater than that of winning her, Guillem acted as though he were very angry with her. He ceased to discuss her or hear her discussed, to send her messages, or to visit her region. She sent him pleading messengers and letters of", "id": "21063206" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nmaritz\", \"if I were wed\", suggest that he is not yet wed. The verse which follows provides evidence in the view of some that Peire married: it first mocks the \"barrenness that bears fruit\" of the \"[beguinas\" (beguines, who may have sometimes been associated with the Dominicans; Hill and Bergin in 1973 said this was a reference to nuns of the Dominican Order). Throughout the verse of course Peire had been poking fun at the Dominican clergy, but the comment", "id": "4006803" }, { "contents": "Antide Boyer\n\n\nhis father, a potter. He spent four years at the minor seminary of Marseille, where he lost his faith in Christianity. He met Pierre Mazière at the seminary, who later wrote under the nom-de-plume Peire Simoun. He worked for the Chemins de fer de Paris à Lyon et à la Méditerranée (PLM), then at the La Ciotat shipyards, and then ran a wholesale oil and soap store with his first wife. He was one of the founders of the Bouches-du-Rhone Socialist", "id": "16118352" }, { "contents": "Peire de Valeira\n\n\nthe Gironde. His \"vida\" places his birthplace in the fief of Arnaut Guillem de Marsan, who was himself a troubadour. He was a contemporary of Marcabru and originally a jongleur. His poems were typical for the time, according to Uc de Saint Circ, the probable author of his \"vida\", being about natural objects (like leaves, flowers, and birds), but not of great value to the biographer's time. But Uc saves his harshest critique for the end, as Elizabeth Poe relates:", "id": "18999207" }, { "contents": "Troubadour\n\n\nNicoletto da Torino, Peire Raimon de Tolosa, Peire Rogier, Peire de Valeira, Peirol, Pistoleta, Perdigon, Salh d'Escola, Uc de la Bacalaria, Uc Brunet, and Uc de Saint Circ were jongleur-troubadours. A \"vida\" is a brief prose biography, written in Occitan, of a troubadour. The word \"vida\" means \"life\" in Occitan. In the chansonniers, the manuscript collections of medieval troubadour poetry, the works of a particular author are often accompanied by a short prose biography.", "id": "16794140" }, { "contents": "Peire de la Caravana\n\n\nas 1225, when the city-states of northern Italy renewed the old Lombard League in opposition to Henry's son, Frederick I of Sicily, Holy Roman Emperor. Writing in Lombardy in the Occitan tongue under the nominal sovereignty of the German monarch, Peire took the opportunity to poke fun at the German language, writing in a famously debated passage: \"Granoglas resembla\" [\"la gent d'Alemanha\"]br \"En dir\"(\"e\"): Broder, guaz;br \"Lairan, quant s'asemblabr \"Cum cans enrabjaz\".brbr Frogs resemble [the people of", "id": "20349651" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\n. In his wanderings he may have spent some time at Cortezon, at the court of the minor nobleman and troubadour Raimbaut d'Aurenga. Peire lived a long into old age, and performed penance before dying. Peire wrote mostly \"cansos\", which, as his \"vida\" points out, were called \"vers\" in his day. He also invented the \"pious song\" and wrote six such poems dealing with serious themes of religion, piety, and spirituality. Even in his more profane works, however, one", "id": "6558331" }, { "contents": "Raymond Pilet d'Alès\n\n\nRaymond Pilet (Raymond de Narbonnne-Pelet) (1075-1120), the only child of Bernard I Pilet of Narbonne and his wife, whose name is unknown. Seigneur of Alès. Bernard was the son of Raymond II, Viscount of Narbone from 1066 to 1067. The name “pelet” refers to a fur that the nobility wore over their cuirass and coats-of-arms. Raymond distinguished himself as a great warrior during the First Crusade. Many of the chroniclers of the Crusades, including William of Tyre", "id": "10100689" }, { "contents": "Dalfi d'Alvernha\n\n\nGuillemette de Comborn, Countess of Montferrand, daughter of Archambaud, Viscount of Comborn, and Jourdaine of Périgord. Their children were Aélis, Guillaume (William, later Count of Clermont), Blanche, and Alix. Troubadours who worked with Dalfi or sang at his court include Peirol, Perdigon, Peire de Maensac, Gaucelm Faidit, and Uc de Saint Circ; his cousin, bishop Robert of Clermont, exchanged satirical and erotic verses with him, as did Richard Coeur de Lion. One \"partimen\" between Dauphin and Perdigon", "id": "11683786" }, { "contents": "Troubadour\n\n\nwhose style seems to have fallen out of favour, was the \"Gascon school\" of Cercamon, Peire de Valeira, and Guiraut de Calanso. Cercamon was said by his biographer to have composed in the \"old style\" (\"la uzansa antiga\") and Guiraut's songs were \"d'aquella saison\" (\"of that time\"). This style of poetry seems to be attached to early troubadours from Gascony and was characterised by references to nature: leaves, flowers, birds, and their songs. This Gascon", "id": "16794155" }, { "contents": "Aimeric de Belenoi\n\n\nAimeric de Belenoi (fl. 1215–1242) was a Gascon troubadour. At least fifteen of his songs survived. Seven others were attributed to him in some medieval manuscripts. Aimeric was born in the castle of Lesparra in the Bordelais (\"metropolis civitas Burdigalensium\", the modern Gironde). His uncle was another troubadour, Peire de Corbiac. His \"vida\" says he was a cleric and later a jongleur before he took to \"inventing good songs, which were beautiful and charming.\" He apparently was the feudal lord", "id": "15990224" }, { "contents": "Jaufre de Pons\n\n\nis a \"partimen\" with Guiraut Riquier (\"Guiraut Riquier, diatz me,\" composed probably 1270 or 1280–1). Jaufre's part in the debate consists in asking plain youthful questions about love only to receive the bitter and experienced answers of Guiraut in proverbial form. Jaufre was probably the husband of Isabeau, daughter of Henry II of Rodez, a patron of troubadours. In 1292 he rendered homage to the lord of Châteauroux. Some scholars have suspected that there were more than one Jaufre de Pons (one from the", "id": "20235204" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\nthe \"trobar braus\" as a legitimate format for \"rough\" themes. One anonymous song of the Fifth Crusade, \"Lo Senhre que formet lo tro\", written between Spring 1213 and July 1214 has been attributed to Peire d'Alvernhe, but the dating makes that impossible. In a \"tenso\" between a Bernart (probably Bernart de Ventadorn) and an unnamed Peire, perhaps Peire d'Alvernhe, the latter argues that \"it is not becoming for ladies to make love-pleas; it is fitting that men plead with", "id": "6558335" }, { "contents": "Peire Guillem de Tolosa\n\n\nsaid to have composed \"sirventes joglarescs\", or \"sirventes\" in the manner of joglars, in order to criticise \"the barons\" (presumably the high noblesse). He also wrote a work criticising the prolific trouvère Theobald I of Navarre. The troubadour Bertran Carbonel twice mentions another troubadour by the initials P.G., possibly indicating Peire Guilhem. He mourns a certain P.G. in a \"planh\", where the initials probably stand in the manuscript for a full name, since three syllables would be required by the metre.", "id": "15990054" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\nappearance and manners has been cited in support of the view that the parody was done in the presence of all twelve victims, further supporting the conclusion that the parody was good-natured. Besides the criticism of a personal nature, many of the criticism launched by Peire allude to the works of the others, notably those of Bernart de Ventadorn and Raimbaut d'Aurenga. Peire's \"vida\" acclaimed him an accomplished singer and the greatest composer of melodies for verses yet known. Peire's famous \"Chantarai d'aquest trobadors\" contains a", "id": "6558338" }, { "contents": "Peire de Corbiac\n\n\ncentury before its appearance in Latin as \"contrapunctus\", today's counterpoint. The \"Tezaur\" had a lasting influence in the Late Middle Ages. The Jew Emanuele da Roma wrote the \"Ninth Meḥabbereth\", a Hebrew poem based on the \"Tesoretto\" of Brunetto Latini, itself based on the \"Tezaur\" of Peire. Peire was a religious man, as the dedicatory first verse of his \"Tezaur\" attests: it contains a dedication to Jesus and Mary and a statement of Trinitarian faith. His prayer to", "id": "15078723" }, { "contents": "Amanieu de Sescars\n\n\nSicily, and 1291, when he inherited Aragon. Amanieu's second didactic work, the \"Ensenhamen de la donsela\" can be dated between 1291 and 1295 by a reference to James as King of Aragon and to the ongoing War of the Sicilian Vespers. It is addressed to an unnamed \"donsela\" (young woman) and is designed to teach her how to behave in courtly society and how to be respected. Amanieu's poetry is definitely influenced by Peire Vidal and also possibly by Arnaut de Maruelh. The later troubadour", "id": "7359304" } ]

[ { "contents": "Peire Pelet\n\n\nPeire Pelet (died 1303) was the \"conseigneur\" of Alès in the Languedoc. He was married to Delfina (Delphine), a sister of Henry II of Rodez. He is the senher d'Alest (the lord of Alès) referred to as a participant in the \"torneyamen\" \"Senhe n'Enric, us reys un ric avar\" along with his brother-in-law Henry and the troubadour Guiraut Riquier. Peire was descended from a Raymond Pelet who took part in the First Crusade. His father was Bernard Pelet", "id": "9562337" }, { "contents": "Peire Pelet\n\n\n, who died in September 1252, leaving his entire heritage to his eldest son, William, under the tutelage of Bernard de Barre, Guillaume de Pontils, and Jean de Bossoles. In 1253 William, with his tutors and his younger brothers, including Peire, received the homage of their father's vassals: Hugues de Melet, Pierre de Spinasson, and many others, in the presence of Pierre Gaucelin, Bérenger de la Fare, Arnaud d'Arsac, and Pierre Gaucelin de Follaquier. On the death of William without heirs Peire", "id": "9562338" }, { "contents": "Peire Pelet\n\n\nsucceeded him. He married Delfina sometime before April 1276, when her brother released a sum of money left her by their father, Henry I: a hundred marks of silver or 5,000 \"sols tournois\". In 1274 James I of Aragon renounced the homage and oath of fealty owed by Peire for his fief since his great-great-grandfather, Bertrand Pelet, Count of Melgueil, had rendered it to James's grandfather, Alfonso II. Peire then began a war with Bérenger de Frédol, Bishop of Maguelonne, over", "id": "9562339" }, { "contents": "Peire Pelet\n\n\nthe county of Melgueil, which at that time was held by the bishop from the Papacy. In 1276 the combatants were brought before the episcopal court of the Archdiocese of Narbonne. Peire lost the case and was ordered to pay 1,000 \"livres\" in compensation. Joseph Angalde placed the aforementioned \"torneyamen\" around 1280–1, before the death of Peire, which he believed occurred in 1282; after the return of Riquier from Castile in 1279; and after the succession of Henry, who he believed was referred to as \"coms", "id": "9562340" }, { "contents": "Peire Raimon de Tolosa\n\n\nPeire Ramon's name (as \"Petrus Raimundus\") appears in two documents of Toulouse, dated to 1182 and 1214. According to his \"vida\", he became a jongleur and travelled to the court of Alfonso II of Aragon, who bestowed great honour on him. The earliest datable work by Peire Ramon is a \"planh\" written on the death of Henry the Young King in 1183. According to his \"vida\" Peire passed \"a long time\" at the courts of Alfonso, William VIII of Montpellier", "id": "19379363" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\npoetry. Among the other troubadours Peire encountered in his travels were Aimeric de Belenoi and Raimon de Miraval. He may have met Daude de Pradas and Guiraut Riquier at Rodez. Peire was influenced by Cadenet, whom he honoured in one of his pieces. He was possibly influenced by Bernart de Venzac. In his early days he was a vehement opponent of the French, the clergy and the Albigensian Crusade. In the \"sirventes\", \"Ab votz d'angel, lengu' esperta, non bleza\", dated by Hill and", "id": "4006799" }, { "contents": "Peire Vidal\n\n\nMany of his early poems were addressed to Vierna de Porcellet, a relative of the count's. In some poems Peire, Vierna and Raymond form a love triangle. From Toulouse Peire went to the court of King Alfonso II of Aragon, where he remained in good favour until the king's death in 1196. He continued to occasionally visit the court of Alfonso's son, Peter II In the rivalry between the rulers of Toulouse and Aragon, Peire took the side of Aragon. He visited the court of King Alfonso VIII", "id": "7150831" }, { "contents": "William I of Cagliari\n\n\nhis death. Allegedly, he was a man of some culture, as he was in reportedly in contact with the Provençal troubadours Peire de la Caravana and Peire Vidal, likely to contract their services on behalf of his wealthy patrons. He was the son of Giorgia, daughter of Constantine II of Cagliari, and Obert, Margrave of Massa. He was a brother of William, Margrave of Massa. His paternal relatives were a branch of the Obertenghi who ruled Massa Lunense from the 11th century. Constantine II's eldest daughter married", "id": "6352696" }, { "contents": "Peire de Valeira\n\n\n.\" Peire's entire \"vida\", found in MSS \"I\" and \"K\", however, is probably unreliable, since it appears to confuse him with another Gascon troubadour, Arnaut de Tintinhac. Peire is often placed in a hypothetical \"school\" of poetry which includes Bernart de Ventadorn, Cercamon, Jaufre Rudel, Marcabru, Marcoat, and Peire Rogier among others. Further, the references in his \"vida\" to songs of the time concerning leaves, flowers, songs, and birds may be evidence", "id": "18999209" }, { "contents": "Bertran de Gourdon\n\n\n. Bertran surrendered promptly to the Crusaders under Simon de Montfort in May 1218 and did homage to Simon for his lands. Bertran wrote a comic \"tenso\", that is poetical debate, with Peire Raimon de Tolosa, now known by the incipit \"Totz tos afars es nienz\". It was dated to before 1211 by Joseph Anglade on the basis that Bertran was probably not at odds with his fellow southern barons yet if he was, as Anglade, suspects, playing host and patron to Peire Raimon, who had just", "id": "17663226" }, { "contents": "Peire de la Mula\n\n\npoet named only \"Mola\" who exchanged some verses with Guilhem Raimon. He may be the same individual as Peire de la Mula, but he has also been identified with the \"joglars\" Tremoleta. One of Peire's surviving couplets, \"Ia de razon no.m cal metr'en pantais\", can be dated to before 1185 on the basis of a reference to \"Androin\"(\"e\"), that is, Andronicus I Comnenus, who died that year. It was a screed against the young and rich. Peire's other couplet", "id": "13683550" }, { "contents": "Peire Raimon de Tolosa\n\n\n, and a certain \"Count Raymond\", which could refer to either Raymond V of Toulouse or, more probably, Raymond VI. He also spent time in Italy (Lombardy and Piedmont), at the courts of Thomas I of Savoy, Guglielmo Malaspina, and Azzo VI of Este. Azzo's daughter Beatriz was the addressee of one of Peire's poems. Eventually Peire settled down with a wife in Pamiers and there he died. Peire was reputed as a singer and composer of \"cansos\". His work is", "id": "19379364" }, { "contents": "Peire Vidal\n\n\n\" is probably reliable. It says that he \"was from Toulouse, the son of a furrier\": \"si fo de Tolosa, fils d'un pelissier\". The fur and leather industry was well established in Toulouse, near the church of Saint Pierre des Cuisines, in the twelfth century. Peire started his career, along with the troubadour Bernart Durfort, at the court of Count Raymond V of Toulouse around 1176. He continued there until 1190, when he left to seek another patron after quarrelling with the count.", "id": "7150830" }, { "contents": "Guilhem Peire Cazals de Caortz\n\n\nGuilhem Peire Cazals de Caortz or Guilhem Peire de Cazals was a troubadour of the first half of the thirteenth century. He was born or lived in Cahors, Quercy, from which his name \"de Caortz\". Eleven of his works, including one \"tenso\", survive. The only sure way to date Guilhem Peire's life and work is by his \"tenso\" with Bernart de la Barta, who was alive in 1229, and by a \"sirventes\" of Guilhem Figueira, \"Un nou sirventes ai en", "id": "12553937" }, { "contents": "Peire Vidal\n\n\nof Castile at Toledo in 1195 and intermittently thereafter until 1201. He also stayed for a time at the court of King Alfonso IX of León, where the Galician–Portuguese lyric was favoured over the Occitan. Among Peire's many lesser patrons were Lord William VIII of Montpellier and his wife, the Byzantine princess Eudokia Komnene. (William was both a vassal of Peter II and his father-in-law.) Peire attended the Aragonese court during some of its visits to Narbonne, but although the ruling viscountess of that", "id": "7150832" }, { "contents": "Peire de la Mula\n\n\nPeire (or Pietro) de la Mula (\"fl. c.\" 1200) was an Italian troubadour. Of his writings a pair of couplets and one \"sirventes\" are all that survive. According to his \"vida\", he was a \"joglars\" and \"trobaire\" (troubadour) who stayed for a long time in Montferrat, Cortemilia, and the Piedmont at the court of Ottone del Carretto (fl. 1190–1233). This places Peire's activity before 1209, when Ottone lost Cortemilia. It has", "id": "13683548" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nsupposition, based on where the biographer and compiler Miquel de la Tor was active. Three of Peire's songs have surviving melodies, but two (for a \"canso\" and a \"sirventes\") were composed by others: Guiraut de Bornelh and Raimon Jordan respectively. Like many of his contemporary troubadours, Peire merely composed \"contrafacta\". The third, for \"Un sirventesc novel vuelh comensar\", may be Peire's own work. It is similar to the borrowed melody of Guiraut de Bornelh, mostly syllabic with", "id": "4006805" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\nas the \"Petrus d'Alvengue\" and \"Petrus de Alvernia\" who appear in surviving documents from Montpellier dated to the year 1148. Peire appears to have cultivated the favour of the ruling family of the Crown of Aragon, and his poems contain allusions to the counts of Barcelona and Provence. Perhaps he was following the fashion of the lords of Montpellier of his time, who, though vassals of the Count of Toulouse, were partial to the Aragonese. At the same time Peire did garner the support of Raymond V of Toulouse", "id": "6558330" }, { "contents": "Peire de Maensac\n\n\nPeire de Maensac was an Auvergnat knight and troubadour. He was from Maensac (either Mauzat, Manzat or Mainsat) in the lands of Dalfi d'Alvernha. He came from the petty nobility. His brother Austor or Austors was also a troubadour, but none of his works survives. According to Peire's \"vida\" the brothers agreed that one of them would \"have the castle\" (i.e. inherit) and the other would be the \"inventor\" (i.e. troubadour). Peire became the troubadour. He wrote poems dedicated", "id": "6679234" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nworldly deeds might be seen as \"piggish\".) Peire subsequently travelled widely, visiting the courts of Auvergne, Les Baux, Foix, Rodez, and Vienne. He may have even ventured into Spain and met Alfonso X of Castile, and James I of Aragon, although he never mentions the latter by name in his poems. (James is however of course mentioned in Peire's \"vida\".) During his travels Peire was accompanied by a suite of jongleurs, some of whom receive mention by name in his", "id": "4006798" }, { "contents": "Peire Raimon de Tolosa\n\n\ncharacterised by themes of nature. His style was hermetic. He imitated the troubadours Cadenet and Arnaut Daniel and was in turn imitated by Bertran de Born, especially as regards his use of natural imagery. Bertran went so far as to copy almost a whole stanza from Peire's \"No.m puesc sofrir d'una leu chanso faire.\" In \"Us noels pessamens\", Peire even anticipates the Tuscan poet Dante Alighieri. Peire is complaining about a mistress who first beckoned him and then broke her promise to him when he says: Peire", "id": "19379365" }, { "contents": "Aimeric de Belenoi\n\n\nwhere he probably had contact with Aimeric de Pegulhan, Albertet de Sestaro, Guillem Augier Novella and Peirol. He may also have made the acquaintance of Peire Cardenal. Aimeric went to Castile before making his final trip to Catalonia. His last datable work was \"Nulhs hom en res no falh\", a \"planh\" for Nuño Sánchez, who died in 1242. This \"planh\" was addressed to the \"comtessa Beatris\", wife of Raymond Berengar IV of Provence, and \"senher N'Imo\", her brother Aimone", "id": "15990226" }, { "contents": "Peire Bremon Ricas Novas\n\n\nproensal\", with its reference to \"us Provençals\". Peire's first datable work is a \"tenso\" written at the court of Raymond Berengar IV of Provence in 1230 with Gui de Cavalhon. At the court of Provence Peire also met Bertran d'Alamanon and Sordello, whose \"planh\" for Blacatz he imitated. Peire left the court of Raymond Berengar sometime in or after 1237 and went to that of Barral of Baux and thence to that of Raymond VII of Toulouse. Though there is no record of his having visited", "id": "12717295" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nsecond stanza Peire mentions Peter's success in the Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa; in the third he alludes to the sacking of Béziers (whose count Raymond Roger Trencavel was supposed to have been Peter's vassal): at Béziers the poorer soldiers of the Inquisition were flogged by the wealthier, and this is the theme of the stanza. Peire's mention of the court of Constantine may also again evoke the divorce proceedings of Peter and Marie where Peire ultimately lost. Peire later alludes to the death of someone (perhaps a", "id": "4006796" }, { "contents": "Elias de Barjols\n\n\naffability\" of Giraut IV Trencaleon d'Armagnac, the \"generosity\" of Randon (a lord of this name died before 1219, when he is mentioned in the testament of his son-in-law; he was the nephew of the troubadour Garin lo Brun), the \"good responses\" of Dalfi d'Alvernha, the \"wits\" of \"Peir cui es Monleos\" (maybe the troubadour Peire de Gavaret), the \"chivalry\" of Brian, the \"wisdom\" of Bertran, the \"courtesy\" of a", "id": "20595774" }, { "contents": "Peire Guilhem de Luserna\n\n\nPeire Guilhem de Luserna () was a Piedmontese troubadour. Peire's identity as an Italian has been up for debate since the 19th century. \"Luserna\" more probably refers to Luserna in the Piedmont, rich and populous in Peire’s time, a town on the left bank of the Pellice lying on the road into the Viennois and Dauphiné, Occitan-speaking territories. On the other hand, it may be Lusarne (\"Luserna\" in Italian) in the Leberon valley in Provence, on the road between Reillane in", "id": "10437582" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nPeire del Puei, li trobador\" with Aimeric de Pegulhan. At Raymond's court also perhaps, probably in 1213, Peire composed a \"sirventes\", \"Las amairitz, qui encolpar las vol\", which may have encouraged Peter II of Aragon to help Toulouse in the Battle of Muret, where Peter died. In this \"sirventes\" Peire alludes first perhaps to the accusations of adultery that Peter had leveled against Peter's wife Maria of Montpellier but also perhaps to the various changes in law governing women. In the", "id": "4006795" }, { "contents": "Peire Lunel de Montech\n\n\nPeire Lunel de Montech (fl. 1326–1384), also known as Cavalier Lunel or Peire de Lunel, was a lawyer, politician and author of Toulouse. His name indicates he was a knight (\"cavalier\" in Occitan) from Montech. In his youth he was a troubadour. A \"canso\", a Crusading song, a \"sirventes\", an \"ensenhamen\" and some moralising \"coblas esparsas\" survive of his work. The Crusading song is dated to around 1326. It is a critique of King", "id": "11493706" }, { "contents": "Ermengarde, Viscountess of Narbonne\n\n\nthe langue d'oïl in the north. She corresponded with many troubadours, including Peire Rogier, Giraut de Bornelh, Peire d'Alvergne, Pons d'Ortafa, and Salh d'Escola, as well as the trobairitz Azalais de Porcairagues. In addition it is believed that she welcomed to her court Rognvald II of Orkney, a Viking prince that became a saint, and poet, who composed skaldic poetry for her. Without issue after two unhappy marriages, Ermengarde designated as heir Pedro Manrique de Lara -the second but eldest surviving son of her half-sister", "id": "17254566" }, { "contents": "Peire de Corbiac\n\n\nPeire de Corbiac or Corbian was a Gascon cleric and troubadour of the thirteenth century. His most famous works are a religious piece, the \"Prière à la Vierge\" (prayer to the Virgin), and his \"treasures\", \"Lo tezaurs\" (c. 1225). Peire was born at Corbiac near Bordeaux to a poor family. He was educated at Orléans in the Scholastic tradition. His nephew was the troubadour Aimeric de Belenoi, whose \"vida\" refers to him as \"maestre\" (master, teacher", "id": "15078720" }, { "contents": "Peire de la Caravana\n\n\nGermany]br In saying: \"Brother, watz!\"br The sound of which as much resemblesbr Dogs barking. The German word \"watz\" is said to be an interjection resembling the clinking of glasses and proposes a toast. Peire also had ties to Sardinia. He dedicated his \"D'un serventes faire\" to a \"senhal Malgrat de toz\", which has been identified as Barisone II of Arborea, who was crowned King of Sardinia at Pavia by the Emperor Frederick I in return for 4,000 silver marks from Genoa, but was later deposed", "id": "20349652" }, { "contents": "Pere de Montsó\n\n\n. If Pattison's reconstruction of events surrounding Peire d'Alvernhe's satire is correct, however, Pere de Montsó was attached to the Spanish entourage (possibly as a jongleur) of Eleanor, daughter of Henry II of England and fiancée of Alfonso VIII of Castile, who was travelling through Gascony on her way to Spain when she and her entourage were entertained by Peire's satire. Pattison suggest on the basis of this stanza that the troupe had also travelled through the lands of Toulouse and met in the presence of the Count, whose", "id": "11269399" }, { "contents": "Occitan literature\n\n\nof Ventadour's father was a servant, Peire Vidal's a maker of furred garments, Perdigon's a fisher. Others belonged to the bourgeoisie, Peire d'Alvernha, for example, Peire Raimon of Toulouse, and Elias Fonsalada. Likewise we see merchants' sons as troubadours; this was the case with Folquet of Marseille and Aimeric de Peguilhan. A great many were clerics, or at least studied for the Church, for instance, Arnaut de Mareuil, Uc de Saint Circ, Aimeric de Belenoi, Hugh Brunet, Peire Cardenal", "id": "11312613" }, { "contents": "Pere de Montsó\n\n\nPere de Montsó (fl. 1173), also Peire de Monzo(n), was an Aragonese troubadour, though none of his compositions survive. He was probably from Monzón near the border with Catalonia, but he may have hailed from Monzón de Campos in Castile, as Ramón Menéndez Pidal believed. He is the subject of the eighth stanza of a famous satire of twelve troubadours by Peire d'Alvernhe. This stanza has different readings: The verse is very unclear. The first reading suggests that Raymond V of Toulouse had heard Pere sing", "id": "11269398" }, { "contents": "Peire de Barjac\n\n\nPeire de Barjac was a Languedocian troubadour who flourished in the first half of the thirteenth century. He was a descendant of the troubadours Guillem de Randon and Garin lo Brun. Only one of poem that was certainly written by Peire survives: \"Tot francamen, domna, veing denan vos\". The rubric above the poem in the manuscript labels it a \"conjat\" and scholars have classified it as a \"mala canso\", or bad \"canso\". It is a song about leaving his lover. Many other songs", "id": "8049259" }, { "contents": "Pierre Roger de Cabaret\n\n\nPierre Roger de Cabaret (French) or Pèire Rogièr de Cabaret (Occitan) (fl. 13th century) was a military leader of the Occitan forces in the Albigensian Crusade. He inherited three hilltop castles near modern-day Lastours from his father. He was a patron of the troubadours, including Peire Vidal. He was a vassal of viscount Raymond Roger Trencavel, and was present with him during the siege of the castrum of Carcassonne in early stages of the Albigensian Crusade in 1209. Allegedly, Pierre-Roger advised Trencavel", "id": "11128862" }, { "contents": "Peire Raimon de Tolosa\n\n\nPeire Raimon de Tolosa (or Toloza; fl. 1180–1220) was a troubadour from the merchant class of Toulouse. He is variously referred to as \"lo Viellz\" (\"the Old\") and \"lo Gros\" (\"the Fat\"), though these are thought by some to refer to two different persons. On the other hand, \"lo Viellz\" could refer to his being of an early generation of troubadours. Eighteen of Peire Ramon's poems survive, one \"canso\" with a melody.", "id": "19379362" }, { "contents": "Peire Vidal\n\n\ncity, Ermengarde, was a notable patron of troubadours (like Azalais de Porcairagues) there is no indication that she patronised Peire or that he wrote songs for her. Peire was also associated with Raimon Jaufre Barral, viscount of Marseille and brother-in-law of Vierna. Barral's son-in-law, Hugh of Baux, was also a patron of Peire Vidal. The troubadour Blacatz, a relative of Hugh's and of modest wealth, was a patron. Peire Vidal is referenced in Ezra Pound's poem", "id": "7150833" }, { "contents": "Peire Guilhem de Luserna\n\n\nthe Basses-Alpes and Bastide-des-Jourdans. Peire was probably at the court of the Este beginning in 1221, during the reign of Azzo VII, husband of Giovanna, the object of one of Peire's songs. Sometime before arriving at Ferrara, Peire was probably at the court of Manfred III of Saluzzo. In 1220 Aimeric de Peguilhan, then at the Malaspina court, mentioned him in a poem—\"Ni un autre tirador / qu’eu no vuoill dir de Luserna\"—as being among a quintet of Occitan poets at Saluzzo: Peire", "id": "10437583" }, { "contents": "Gonzalo Ruiz\n\n\nthe 1170s. If Gonzalo Ruiz is de Azagra, it should be noted that his brother's daughter, Tota Pérez, was married to Diego López de Haro—with whom the lord of La Bureba had a connexion—who was a great patron of troubadours. Rigaut de Barbezill, Peire Vidal, and Aimeric de Pegulhan all spent time at his court, as did Rodrigo Díaz de los Cameros, his son-in-law, one of the earliest Galician-Portuguese troubadours. Riquer attaches the Castilian embassy in France circa", "id": "12361311" }, { "contents": "Peire de la Caravana\n\n\nPeire de la Caravana (also Cavarana, Gavarana, or Cà Varana, perhaps meaning \"near Verona\") was an Italian troubadour (\"trovatore\") in Lombardy in the late 12th and early 13th centuries. He was one of the earliest Occitan troubadours in Italy. He is famous for his \"sirventes\". Among his preserved works are the \"sirventes\" \"D'un serventes faire\" and \"La Paz de Costanza\". Peire wrote the first encouraging the communes of northern Italy to resist German overlorship, which has", "id": "20349649" }, { "contents": "Peire Rogier\n\n\nlong time. From Raimbaut's court he moved on to sojourn at that of Alfonso VIII of Castile, then that of Alfonso II of Aragon, and finally that of Raymond V of Toulouse, where he arrived circa 1170. According to his \"vida\", he became much esteemed as a troubadour through his travels, but there is no evidence otherwise for any movements in Spain, except perhaps the assembly of troubadours at the court of Aragon mentioned in a work of Peire d'Alvernhe (which need not have taken place).", "id": "1085906" }, { "contents": "Peire de Bussignac\n\n\nPeire de Bussignac, Bossinhac, or Bocinhac (fl. c. 1160) was a nobleman, cleric, and troubadour from the Périgord. He was probably from Bussignac in Hautefort, but possibly Boussignac in Tulle. He was, according to his \"vida\", \"from the castle of Bertran de Born\". Though his \"vida\" speaks of \"good \"sirventes\"\" to reproach ladies for bad behaviour and \"sirventes\" attacking Bertran, only one \"sirventes\" by Peire survives: \"Quan lo dous temps", "id": "6679237" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\nCastile sojourned at Puivert. If the above date is not accepted, it can be probably dated later than 1165—since Giraut de Borneill was only active from c.1170—and certainly before 1173, when Raimbaut d'Aurenga died. The Monge de Montaudon later composed a parody of Peire's satire, \"Pos Peire d'Alvernhl a chantat\". \"Chantarai d'aquest trobadors\" is near universally regarded today as playful parody and not as a work of serious literary or artistic criticism. The obscurity of most of the ridiculed poets and the attack upon such personal characteristics as", "id": "6558337" }, { "contents": "Arnaut de Tintinhac\n\n\nattitude towards encouraging courtly love he also resembles the early troubadours. Like other early Gascon troubadours, such as Peire de Valeira, he employed nature metaphors, as at the beginning of this song: The \"vida\" of Peire de Valeira seems to confuse its intended subject with Arnaut (at least at some points). It goes like this: Peire de Valeira was from Gascony, from the land of Lord Arnaut Guillem de Marsan. He was a minstrel at the very same time in which Marcabru lived, and he composed", "id": "12717977" }, { "contents": "Peire de Valeira\n\n\nPeire de Valeira, Valeria, or Valera (fl. early–mid twelfth century) was a Gascon troubadour. Since troubadour poetry probably originated in northwest Aquitaine (Poitou and Saintonge) and first spread—within a generation—south into Gascony, Peire was one of the earliest troubadours. Only two of his poems survive, one \"canso\" (\"Vezer volgra n'Ezelgarda\") and one \"cobla\" (\"Qui qu'Amors don son voler\"). His birthplace was Valera, near Podensac and Saint-Macaire in", "id": "18999206" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Ussel\n\n\nPeire d'Ussel or d'Uisel (\"Pèire d'Ussèl\" in modern Occitan; fl. c. 1200) was a Limousin troubadour, the middle of three brothers, castellans of the castle of Ussel-sur-Sarzonne, northeast of Ventadorn. His elder brother was Eble and his younger Gui, and he also had a cousin named Elias; all four were troubadours. According to Gui's \"vida\", Peire descanted his relatives’ songs. This should not be understood to imply that Peire was only a musician. One \"cobla", "id": "14026658" }, { "contents": "Peyre de Rius\n\n\nPeyre de Rius (\"fl.\"1344–86) was an Occitan troubadour from Foix. He wrote under the patronage of Gaston Phoebus, Count of Foix, and Peter the Ceremonious, King of Aragon. He is one of the few troubadours known by name who lived for a time at Peter's court in Barcelona. His name in standardised Occitan is \"Peire\" or \"Pèire\", in Catalan it is \"Pere\", and in modern French \"Pierre\". An obscure reference to a Pere Riu among some \"", "id": "16102630" }, { "contents": "Matfre Ermengau\n\n\n) of the work, \"Perilhos tractatz d'amor de donas, seguon qu'en han tractat li antic trobador en lurs cansos\", structured as a dialogue between the defenders Love and her critics, is filled with citations (266 by some counts) of other troubadours and even some trouvères; Matfre cited himself six (Jeanroy) or nine (Paden) times and cited his brother Peire twice. He was careful to cite poets from different eras, but his favourites appear to be Aimeric de Peguilhan, Bernart de Ventadorn, and Peire", "id": "4121404" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nhim to vernacular lyric poetry and he abandoned his career in the church for \"the vanity of this world\", according to his \"vida\". Peire began his career at the court of Raymond VI of Toulouse—from whom he sought patronage—and a document of 1204 refers to a \"Petrus Cardinalis\" as a scribe of Raymond's chancery. At Raymond's court, however, he appears to have been known as Peire del Puoi or Puei (). Around 1238 he wrote a \"partimen\" beginning \"", "id": "4006794" }, { "contents": "Peire de la Mula\n\n\n, \"Una leig vei d'escuoill\", was also an attack on minstrels (\"joglars\"), who, at his time, were bringing their \"insolence\" from across the Alps into the presence of the \"pros\" (powerful) of Italy. Peire refers in this work to both Breton (\"Bretz\") and Norman (\"Normans\") minstrels. Peire's only full-length work to survive, \"Dels joglars servir mi laisse\", is a \"sirventes joglaresc\", a \"sirventes", "id": "13683551" }, { "contents": "Sancha of Castile, Queen of Aragon\n\n\nSancha of Castile (21 September 1154/5 – 9 November 1208) was the only surviving child of King Alfonso VII of Castile by his second wife, Richeza of Poland. On January 18, 1174, she married King Alfonso II of Aragon at Zaragoza; they had at least eight children who survived into adulthood. A patroness of troubadours such as Giraud de Calanson and Peire Raymond, the queen became involved in a legal dispute with her husband concerning properties which formed part of her dower estates. In 1177 she entered the county of", "id": "21291157" }, { "contents": "Ottone del Carretto\n\n\nin 1217. He predeceased his father in 1228. His second son, Enrico (Henry), married Beatrice, daughter of Boniface I of Montferrat. A third son, Manfredo (Manfred), is only attested in one document of 1242 in the \"Codex Astensis\". Ottone was a patron of several troubadours, composers of Old Occitan lyric poetry. He is prominent in the \"vida\" (short vernacular biography) of Peire de la Mula. In one manuscript his name is given as \"miser N'Ot del Carret", "id": "18951554" }, { "contents": "Peire de Barjac\n\n\nare attributed to multiple troubadours in the manuscripts. Some attributed to Peire are also attributed to Peire de Bussignac, Berenguier de Palazol, Elias de Barjols, Guillem de la Tor, Pons de Capdoill and Uc de Saint Circ; yet few of these other attributions are reliable. One song attributed to Peire in one manuscript is unattributed in another. Stronski argues that the attribution to Elias de Barjols was an emendation by the scribe confronted with the unfamiliar name Peire de Barjac. Napolski considered the attribution to Pons de Capdoill dubious. Alfred", "id": "8049260" }, { "contents": "Uc de Lescura\n\n\nUc de Lescura or de l'Escura (fl. 1190–1204) was a minor troubadour. The \"Lescura\" of his birth is unknown. There is a Lescurre in Ariège, Aveyron, and Tarn. Based on references in his work, historian Alfred Adler placed him at the court of Alfonso VIII of Castile (whom he calls \"emperor\") and in Catalonia. Uc's only existing work is a \"sirventes\", \"De mots ricos no tem Peire Vidal\", that begins with a \"gab\" proclaiming his", "id": "7146555" }, { "contents": "Peire de Montagut\n\n\nPeire de Montagut (? – 28 January 1232) was Grand Master of the Knights Templar from 1218 to 1232. He took part in the Fifth Crusade and was against the Sultan of Egypt's conditions for raising the siege of Damietta. He was previously Master of the Crown of Aragon. A close friend of Guillaume de Chartres, it was most likely the trust the previous Grand Master had in him which meant he himself was elected so quickly in 1218. At the same time, the Grand Master of the Knights Hospitaller was", "id": "11505219" }, { "contents": "Alfonso II of Aragon\n\n\ntaking a lover who is richer than herself. The debate had been begun by Guilhem de Saint-Leidier and was taken up by Azalais de Porcairagues and Raimbaut of Orange; there was also a \"partimen\" on the topic between Dalfi d'Alvernha and Perdigon. Alfonso and his love affairs are mentioned in poems by many troubadours, including Guillem de Berguedà (who criticized his dealings with Azalais of Toulouse) and Peire Vidal, who commended Alfonso's decision to marry Sancha rather than Eudokia Komnene that he had preferred a poor Castilian maid", "id": "20647088" }, { "contents": "Peire de Ladils\n\n\nPeire de Ladils de Bazas (; fl. 1325–1355) was a Gascon troubadour associated with the Consistori del Gay Saber in Toulouse. He was from Bazas in the Gironde and he served as advocate for the Cathédrale Saint-Jean-Baptiste. His surviving work comprises four \"cansos\", three \"dansas\", and two \"partimens\". In 1340 he composed a political \"partimen\" with Raimon de Cornet. He, and presumably Raimon also, was apparently well-read in the romantic literature of his time. His", "id": "11791403" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\nspirited courtly love\") he is the only troubadour to ever use the term \"courtly love\". Marcabrunian influence can be seen here too. In a later Crusade song, Peire defended Marcabru's abandonment of the \"carnal amar\". He advocates \"gran sabers ni purs\" (\"great and pure wisdom\") through \"bon'amor\" (\"good love\"). Along with Bernart Marti, Bernart de Venzac, and Gavaudan, Peire was part of a \"Marcabrunian school\". Nonetheless, as mentioned above", "id": "6558333" }, { "contents": "Guilhem Peire Cazals de Caortz\n\n\ncor que trameta\", composed in 1240, which mirrors \"D'una leu chanso ai cor que m'entremeta\", a \"canso\" by Guilhem Peire, in metre and rhyme and therefore gives a \"terminus ante quem\" for the \"tenso\"'s composition. Nine of Guilhem Peire's poems are dedicated to a certain friend and jongleur known only by the affectionate \"senhal\" \"Ardit\". Generally he wrote in the trobar ric genre, and in his \"leu chanso\" (\"canso\" in the trobar leu", "id": "12553938" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\n. The author of his \"vida\", editorialising, considers his poems to have been the greatest until Giraut de Borneill and his melodies to have been the best ever. The anonymous biographer records that his information about Peire's later years comes from Dalfi d'Alvernha. It has been suggested that Dalfi was the author of the \"vida\". According to an accusation of fellow troubadour Bernart Marti, Peire entered upon a religious life early, but quit Holy Orders for a life of itinerant minstrelsy. He may be the same person", "id": "6558329" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nan opponent of Christianity or even the Crusades. In \"Totz lo mons es vestitiz et abrazatz\" he urged Philip III of France, who had recently succeeded his father, Louis IX, who died in 1270 on the failed Eighth Crusade, to go to the aid of Edward Longshanks, then on the Ninth Crusade in Syria. Near the end of the \"sirventes\", \"Ab votz d'angel, lengu' esperta, non bleza\", composed as noted probably around 1229, Peire's words, \"[s]'ieu fos", "id": "4006802" }, { "contents": "Albert Malaspina\n\n\nAlbert Malaspina (1160/1165–1206/1212), called Alberto Moro (\"the Moor\") and \"lo marches putanier\" (\"the whoring marquess\"), was a member of the illustrious Malaspina family. He was a noted troubadour and patron of troubadours. Albert disputes with Peire de la Caravana the position of earliest native Italian troubadour. He was a son of Obizzo I the Great and husband of a daughter of William V of Montferrat. His brother-in-law Boniface I of Montferrat and his nephews Corrado (Conrad)", "id": "17471547" }, { "contents": "Peire de Corbiac\n\n\n) and Peire elsewhere calls himself \"maistre\". Certainly Peire's \"Tezaur\" is didactic in nature: his purpose in writing was to convince the wise that though he was poor in material terms he was richer still. Composed in 840 alexandrines, the \"Tezaur\" is an encyclopaedic compilation of all that the troubadour knew. The work displays a great breadth of knowledge. He expends 547 lines narrating the chief events of the Old and New Testaments, then discusses the seven liberal arts, medicine, surgery, necromancy,", "id": "15078721" }, { "contents": "Peire de Valeira\n\n\nfor an early troubadour genre which did not survive. It may also be that the distinctiveness of Peire's genre was regional, a Gascon style. The later Gascon troubadour Guiraut de Calanso wrote verses that were \"d'aquella saison\" (\"of that time\") and disliked in Provence, perhaps pointing to a Gascon tradition (or \"literary fad\") which was not popular outside of \"Gascoigna\" (Gascony). The \"paubra valor\" (\"poor value\") of Peire's songs may be a reflection", "id": "18999210" }, { "contents": "Henry II of Rodez\n\n\nHenry II (Occitan: \"Enric II de Rodés\") (c. 1236–1304), of the House of Millau, was the Count of Rodez and Viscount of Carlat from 1274 until his death. He was the son of Hugh IV of Rodez and Isabeau de Roquefeuil. Henry II was a troubadour and patron of troubadours. He composed six poems that survive: four \"tensos\" and two \"partimens\" (alternatively five \"torneyamens\"). His short \"vida\" records an exchange of couplets between \"lo coms", "id": "16712769" }, { "contents": "Peire Bremon lo Tort\n\n\nPeire Bremon lo Tort (or Bremonz lo Tortz) (\"fl.\" 1177) was a troubadour from the Viennois. Though only two of his pieces (both love songs) survive, his poetry is characterised by Francoprovençalisms. According to his short \"vida\", he was \"honoured by all the notable men.\" Peire Bremon has been identified with the Petrus Bermudi and Peire Bremont found in documents of 1160 pertaining to the Dauphiné. He is possibly the same person as the Peire Bremon related to the Counts of", "id": "16694577" }, { "contents": "Bernart Marti\n\n\nBernart Marti was a troubadour, composing poems and satires in Occitan, in the mid twelfth century. They show that he was influenced by his contemporaries Marcabru and knew Peire d'Alvernha, whom, in one poem, he accused of abandoning holy orders. Along with Peire, Gavaudan, and Bernart de Venzac he is sometimes placed in a hypothetical Marcabrunian school. His work is \"enigmatic, ironic, and satiric\", but has no following among later troubadours, according to Gaunt and Kay. Nine or ten of Marti's poems", "id": "14690002" }, { "contents": "Occitan literature\n\n\nthe part he is said to have played both by his sword and his sirveniescs in the struggle between Henry II of England and his rebel sons, though the importance of his part in the events of the time seems to have been greatly exaggerated; Peire Vidal of Toulouse, a poet of varied inspiration who grew rich with gifts bestowed on him by the greatest nobles of his time; Guiraut de Borneil, \"lo macsire dels trobadors\", and at any rate master in the art of the so-called close style (", "id": "11312610" }, { "contents": "Peire de Maensac\n\n\nto the (unnamed) wife of Bernart de Tierci. According to his \"vida\" he sang so much to her that she eventually allowed herself to be \"abducted\" by him. He fled with her to the castle of Dalf d'Alvernha, but her husband waged a \"great war\" to bring her back. Dalfi reputedly defended the castle so well that Bernart was unable to ever reclaim her. Peire was called a \"pleasant companion\" by his biographer. He wrote mostly \"cansos\" of courtly love with \"", "id": "6679235" }, { "contents": "Aimerico Manrique de Lara\n\n\ndefend the rights of the viscounts of Narbonne, recognising the rights of Aimeric at the same time. In early 1176, Ermengarda to retired to the monastery of Fontfroide, leaving the reins of government in Narbonne in Aimeric's hands. Aimeric died on 14 October 1177. Raymond V recovered his rights in Narbonne and his ducal title. Peire Rogier, a troubadour who frequented Ermengarda's court, addressed a poem to the viscountess and Aimeric. It is one of Peire's few datable works, coming between the years of Aimeric's", "id": "7254812" }, { "contents": "Guilhem d'Anduza\n\n\nGuilhem d'Anduza (fl. 1244–81) was a minor troubadour active in the middle of the thirteenth century. He belonged to the family of the lords of Anduze, who were patrons of several other troubadours. He was the eldest son of Peire Bremon VII, the last lord of Anduze and Sauve, and Josserande de Poitiers. Most of his father's lands were confiscated for rebellion in 1244. Guilhem acquired the barony of Olargues through marriage and inherited Hierle on his father's death in 1254. His petition to recover Anduze and", "id": "15667365" }, { "contents": "Guillem de Ribes\n\n\nof Miralpeix (now part of Sitges), held by one of his vassals, when it came under siege by two rivals, Berenguer de Castellet and Eymerich de Espiells. The castle was taken in an assault and partially destroyed. In a lawsuit brought against Guillem in the early 1200s, it was alleged that he had deliberately impeded the defence of the castle to his own benefit. He was succeeded by his nephew, Ponç II. The troubadour Peire d'Alvernhe composed a song satirizing twelve contemporary troubadours. It was probably first performed", "id": "10989340" }, { "contents": "Peire Guillem de Tolosa\n\n\nPeire Guillem (or Guilhem) de Tolosa was a 13th-century troubadour from Toulouse. Only one \"sirventes\" he wrote (\"En Sordel, que us es semblan\"), a \"tenso\" with the contemporary Italian poet Sordello, survives. According to his \"vida\" he was a courtly man who loved high society. The author of the \"vida\" also expresses admiration for his couplets but bewails the excessive number he composed, though so few of his works survive to this day. He was also", "id": "15990053" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\ncan detect the moralising influence of Marcabru, with whom in whose old age he was possibly acquainted. One of Marcabru's late songs is a satire of an early one by Peire d'Alvernhe. Marcabru's complexity was also imparted to Peire. On the topic of courtly love, Peire, who had abandoned the religious life early, came to abandon the claims of \"fin'amor\" (\"fine love\") later. When Peire espouses love of the Holy Ghost over \"cortez' amors de bon aire\" (\"well-", "id": "6558332" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\nthem and beg their mercy.\" By far, however, Peire's most famous work is \"Chantarai d'aquest trobadors\", a \"sirventes\" written at Puivert (\"Puoich-vert\") in which he ridicules twelve contemporary troubadours (\"a poetical gallery\") and praises himself. It has been conjectured that this piece was first performed in the presence of all twelve of the ridiculed poets in late Summer 1170 while an embassy bringing Eleanor, daughter of Henry II of England, to her Spanish goorm Alfonso VIII of", "id": "6558336" }, { "contents": "Peire de la Caravana\n\n\nbeen dated to as early as 1157. However, Peire incites the Lombard cities by harkening back to the fate of the baronage of Apulia who had resisted the Germans earlier: \"Lombart, beus gardazbr \"Que ja non siazbr \"Pejer que compraz,br \"Si ferm non estaz!br \"De Pulla'us sovegnabr \"Dels valens barosbr \"Qu'il non an que pegnabr \"For de lor maisos;br \"Gardaz non devegnabr \"Autretal de vos! This has led some to date it to 1194, when Henry VI conquered Sicily or as late", "id": "20349650" }, { "contents": "Marcoat\n\n\nMarcoat was a minor Gascon troubadour and joglar who flourished in the mid twelfth century. He is often cited in connexion with Eleanor of Aquitaine and is placed in a hypothetical \"school\" of poetry which includes Bernart de Ventadorn, Marcabru, Cercamon, Jaufre Rudel, Peire Rogier, and Peire de Valeria among others. Of all his works, only two \"sirventes\" survive: \"Mentre m'obri eis huisel\" and \"Una re.us dirai, en Serra\". Marcoat was an innovator building off the work of the contemporary Gascon", "id": "10485658" }, { "contents": "Gonzalo Ruiz\n\n\nmarry Alfonso VIII of Castile, then the identification of Guossalbo Roitz with Gonzalo Ruiz of Bureba becomes probable. Peire has this to say about his eleventh \"victim\" in lines 67 to 72: Peire is making fun of Gonzalo's well-known military career. In fact, Peire may have learned about Gonzalo on a trip he made to Castile in the spring of 1158. If he did not meet Gonzalo at the Castilian court, where Gonzalo undoubtedly was between January and February, then he may have met him at the", "id": "12361307" }, { "contents": "Peire Bremon lo Tort\n\n\nToulouse in a stanza of Peire d'Alvernhe's satire of contemporary troubadours. \"Peire Bremon\" was not a rare name and it was shared by the later troubadour, sometimes erroneously identified with lo Tort (whose nickname means \"the Wrong\"), Peire Bremon Ricas Novas. Peire's earlier poem, \"Mei oill an gran manentia\", was written as the troubadour prepared to depart from Syria, where he had been staying. He left behind a beloved \"domna\" (lady), whom he celebrated in the poem", "id": "16694578" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nabout the nuns may have additional significance. His tone changes after this and his closing lines suggest though that all this is a miracle from the \"saintly fathers\", suggesting his acceptance of things: Cardenal.org says that some have interpreted these lines as suggesting that Peire married at this time. By the end of his life he appears reconciled to the new \"modus vivendi\" in southern France. He died at an advanced age (allegedly one hundred years old) possibly either in Montpellier or Nimes, but this is only a", "id": "4006804" }, { "contents": "Peire Vidal\n\n\nPeire Vidal (born mid-12th century) was an Old Occitan troubadour. Forty-five of his songs are extant. The twelve that still have melodies bear testament to the deserved nature of his musical reputation. There is no contemporary reference to Peire outside of his works of poetry. His \"vida\" (a short Occitan biography)—composed about fifty years after his death—and two \"razos\" (short commentaries on specific poems) are probably fictionalised works built on episodes from his poems. Only the opening line of the \"vida", "id": "7150829" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\ndaughter or perhaps Peire's wife Marie) and then apparently to the couple's son James I of Aragon, born at Candlemas, according to James's Chronicle. It's not clear who the \"crois hom\" or \"dreadful man\" is in the final couplet, whose deeds are \"piggish\": Peire has really never addressed anyone in this verse but Peter II and those close to him. (But dualism had by then made its way into some of the local religious views of Medieval Languedoc: in dualist philosophy", "id": "4006797" }, { "contents": "Guillem de Balaun\n\n\nVierneta when he next returned to see Guilhelma. After a long time he returned, did reconcile Peire and Vierneta, and gave Peire more joy than he had felt even when he first won his lady. In order to test whether or not the joy of recovering a lady was greater than that of winning her, Guillem acted as though he were very angry with her. He ceased to discuss her or hear her discussed, to send her messages, or to visit her region. She sent him pleading messengers and letters of", "id": "21063206" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nmaritz\", \"if I were wed\", suggest that he is not yet wed. The verse which follows provides evidence in the view of some that Peire married: it first mocks the \"barrenness that bears fruit\" of the \"[beguinas\" (beguines, who may have sometimes been associated with the Dominicans; Hill and Bergin in 1973 said this was a reference to nuns of the Dominican Order). Throughout the verse of course Peire had been poking fun at the Dominican clergy, but the comment", "id": "4006803" }, { "contents": "Antide Boyer\n\n\nhis father, a potter. He spent four years at the minor seminary of Marseille, where he lost his faith in Christianity. He met Pierre Mazière at the seminary, who later wrote under the nom-de-plume Peire Simoun. He worked for the Chemins de fer de Paris à Lyon et à la Méditerranée (PLM), then at the La Ciotat shipyards, and then ran a wholesale oil and soap store with his first wife. He was one of the founders of the Bouches-du-Rhone Socialist", "id": "16118352" }, { "contents": "Peire de Valeira\n\n\nthe Gironde. His \"vida\" places his birthplace in the fief of Arnaut Guillem de Marsan, who was himself a troubadour. He was a contemporary of Marcabru and originally a jongleur. His poems were typical for the time, according to Uc de Saint Circ, the probable author of his \"vida\", being about natural objects (like leaves, flowers, and birds), but not of great value to the biographer's time. But Uc saves his harshest critique for the end, as Elizabeth Poe relates:", "id": "18999207" }, { "contents": "Troubadour\n\n\nNicoletto da Torino, Peire Raimon de Tolosa, Peire Rogier, Peire de Valeira, Peirol, Pistoleta, Perdigon, Salh d'Escola, Uc de la Bacalaria, Uc Brunet, and Uc de Saint Circ were jongleur-troubadours. A \"vida\" is a brief prose biography, written in Occitan, of a troubadour. The word \"vida\" means \"life\" in Occitan. In the chansonniers, the manuscript collections of medieval troubadour poetry, the works of a particular author are often accompanied by a short prose biography.", "id": "16794140" }, { "contents": "Peire de la Caravana\n\n\nas 1225, when the city-states of northern Italy renewed the old Lombard League in opposition to Henry's son, Frederick I of Sicily, Holy Roman Emperor. Writing in Lombardy in the Occitan tongue under the nominal sovereignty of the German monarch, Peire took the opportunity to poke fun at the German language, writing in a famously debated passage: \"Granoglas resembla\" [\"la gent d'Alemanha\"]br \"En dir\"(\"e\"): Broder, guaz;br \"Lairan, quant s'asemblabr \"Cum cans enrabjaz\".brbr Frogs resemble [the people of", "id": "20349651" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\n. In his wanderings he may have spent some time at Cortezon, at the court of the minor nobleman and troubadour Raimbaut d'Aurenga. Peire lived a long into old age, and performed penance before dying. Peire wrote mostly \"cansos\", which, as his \"vida\" points out, were called \"vers\" in his day. He also invented the \"pious song\" and wrote six such poems dealing with serious themes of religion, piety, and spirituality. Even in his more profane works, however, one", "id": "6558331" }, { "contents": "Raymond Pilet d'Alès\n\n\nRaymond Pilet (Raymond de Narbonnne-Pelet) (1075-1120), the only child of Bernard I Pilet of Narbonne and his wife, whose name is unknown. Seigneur of Alès. Bernard was the son of Raymond II, Viscount of Narbone from 1066 to 1067. The name “pelet” refers to a fur that the nobility wore over their cuirass and coats-of-arms. Raymond distinguished himself as a great warrior during the First Crusade. Many of the chroniclers of the Crusades, including William of Tyre", "id": "10100689" }, { "contents": "Dalfi d'Alvernha\n\n\nGuillemette de Comborn, Countess of Montferrand, daughter of Archambaud, Viscount of Comborn, and Jourdaine of Périgord. Their children were Aélis, Guillaume (William, later Count of Clermont), Blanche, and Alix. Troubadours who worked with Dalfi or sang at his court include Peirol, Perdigon, Peire de Maensac, Gaucelm Faidit, and Uc de Saint Circ; his cousin, bishop Robert of Clermont, exchanged satirical and erotic verses with him, as did Richard Coeur de Lion. One \"partimen\" between Dauphin and Perdigon", "id": "11683786" }, { "contents": "Troubadour\n\n\nwhose style seems to have fallen out of favour, was the \"Gascon school\" of Cercamon, Peire de Valeira, and Guiraut de Calanso. Cercamon was said by his biographer to have composed in the \"old style\" (\"la uzansa antiga\") and Guiraut's songs were \"d'aquella saison\" (\"of that time\"). This style of poetry seems to be attached to early troubadours from Gascony and was characterised by references to nature: leaves, flowers, birds, and their songs. This Gascon", "id": "16794155" }, { "contents": "Aimeric de Belenoi\n\n\nAimeric de Belenoi (fl. 1215–1242) was a Gascon troubadour. At least fifteen of his songs survived. Seven others were attributed to him in some medieval manuscripts. Aimeric was born in the castle of Lesparra in the Bordelais (\"metropolis civitas Burdigalensium\", the modern Gironde). His uncle was another troubadour, Peire de Corbiac. His \"vida\" says he was a cleric and later a jongleur before he took to \"inventing good songs, which were beautiful and charming.\" He apparently was the feudal lord", "id": "15990224" }, { "contents": "Jaufre de Pons\n\n\nis a \"partimen\" with Guiraut Riquier (\"Guiraut Riquier, diatz me,\" composed probably 1270 or 1280–1). Jaufre's part in the debate consists in asking plain youthful questions about love only to receive the bitter and experienced answers of Guiraut in proverbial form. Jaufre was probably the husband of Isabeau, daughter of Henry II of Rodez, a patron of troubadours. In 1292 he rendered homage to the lord of Châteauroux. Some scholars have suspected that there were more than one Jaufre de Pons (one from the", "id": "20235204" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\nthe \"trobar braus\" as a legitimate format for \"rough\" themes. One anonymous song of the Fifth Crusade, \"Lo Senhre que formet lo tro\", written between Spring 1213 and July 1214 has been attributed to Peire d'Alvernhe, but the dating makes that impossible. In a \"tenso\" between a Bernart (probably Bernart de Ventadorn) and an unnamed Peire, perhaps Peire d'Alvernhe, the latter argues that \"it is not becoming for ladies to make love-pleas; it is fitting that men plead with", "id": "6558335" }, { "contents": "Peire Guillem de Tolosa\n\n\nsaid to have composed \"sirventes joglarescs\", or \"sirventes\" in the manner of joglars, in order to criticise \"the barons\" (presumably the high noblesse). He also wrote a work criticising the prolific trouvère Theobald I of Navarre. The troubadour Bertran Carbonel twice mentions another troubadour by the initials P.G., possibly indicating Peire Guilhem. He mourns a certain P.G. in a \"planh\", where the initials probably stand in the manuscript for a full name, since three syllables would be required by the metre.", "id": "15990054" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\nappearance and manners has been cited in support of the view that the parody was done in the presence of all twelve victims, further supporting the conclusion that the parody was good-natured. Besides the criticism of a personal nature, many of the criticism launched by Peire allude to the works of the others, notably those of Bernart de Ventadorn and Raimbaut d'Aurenga. Peire's \"vida\" acclaimed him an accomplished singer and the greatest composer of melodies for verses yet known. Peire's famous \"Chantarai d'aquest trobadors\" contains a", "id": "6558338" }, { "contents": "Peire de Corbiac\n\n\ncentury before its appearance in Latin as \"contrapunctus\", today's counterpoint. The \"Tezaur\" had a lasting influence in the Late Middle Ages. The Jew Emanuele da Roma wrote the \"Ninth Meḥabbereth\", a Hebrew poem based on the \"Tesoretto\" of Brunetto Latini, itself based on the \"Tezaur\" of Peire. Peire was a religious man, as the dedicatory first verse of his \"Tezaur\" attests: it contains a dedication to Jesus and Mary and a statement of Trinitarian faith. His prayer to", "id": "15078723" }, { "contents": "Amanieu de Sescars\n\n\nSicily, and 1291, when he inherited Aragon. Amanieu's second didactic work, the \"Ensenhamen de la donsela\" can be dated between 1291 and 1295 by a reference to James as King of Aragon and to the ongoing War of the Sicilian Vespers. It is addressed to an unnamed \"donsela\" (young woman) and is designed to teach her how to behave in courtly society and how to be respected. Amanieu's poetry is definitely influenced by Peire Vidal and also possibly by Arnaut de Maruelh. The later troubadour", "id": "7359304" } ]

[ { "contents": "Peire Pelet\n\n\nPeire Pelet (died 1303) was the \"conseigneur\" of Alès in the Languedoc. He was married to Delfina (Delphine), a sister of Henry II of Rodez. He is the senher d'Alest (the lord of Alès) referred to as a participant in the \"torneyamen\" \"Senhe n'Enric, us reys un ric avar\" along with his brother-in-law Henry and the troubadour Guiraut Riquier. Peire was descended from a Raymond Pelet who took part in the First Crusade. His father was Bernard Pelet", "id": "9562337" }, { "contents": "Peire Pelet\n\n\n, who died in September 1252, leaving his entire heritage to his eldest son, William, under the tutelage of Bernard de Barre, Guillaume de Pontils, and Jean de Bossoles. In 1253 William, with his tutors and his younger brothers, including Peire, received the homage of their father's vassals: Hugues de Melet, Pierre de Spinasson, and many others, in the presence of Pierre Gaucelin, Bérenger de la Fare, Arnaud d'Arsac, and Pierre Gaucelin de Follaquier. On the death of William without heirs Peire", "id": "9562338" }, { "contents": "Peire Pelet\n\n\nsucceeded him. He married Delfina sometime before April 1276, when her brother released a sum of money left her by their father, Henry I: a hundred marks of silver or 5,000 \"sols tournois\". In 1274 James I of Aragon renounced the homage and oath of fealty owed by Peire for his fief since his great-great-grandfather, Bertrand Pelet, Count of Melgueil, had rendered it to James's grandfather, Alfonso II. Peire then began a war with Bérenger de Frédol, Bishop of Maguelonne, over", "id": "9562339" }, { "contents": "Peire Pelet\n\n\nthe county of Melgueil, which at that time was held by the bishop from the Papacy. In 1276 the combatants were brought before the episcopal court of the Archdiocese of Narbonne. Peire lost the case and was ordered to pay 1,000 \"livres\" in compensation. Joseph Angalde placed the aforementioned \"torneyamen\" around 1280–1, before the death of Peire, which he believed occurred in 1282; after the return of Riquier from Castile in 1279; and after the succession of Henry, who he believed was referred to as \"coms", "id": "9562340" }, { "contents": "Peire Raimon de Tolosa\n\n\nPeire Ramon's name (as \"Petrus Raimundus\") appears in two documents of Toulouse, dated to 1182 and 1214. According to his \"vida\", he became a jongleur and travelled to the court of Alfonso II of Aragon, who bestowed great honour on him. The earliest datable work by Peire Ramon is a \"planh\" written on the death of Henry the Young King in 1183. According to his \"vida\" Peire passed \"a long time\" at the courts of Alfonso, William VIII of Montpellier", "id": "19379363" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\npoetry. Among the other troubadours Peire encountered in his travels were Aimeric de Belenoi and Raimon de Miraval. He may have met Daude de Pradas and Guiraut Riquier at Rodez. Peire was influenced by Cadenet, whom he honoured in one of his pieces. He was possibly influenced by Bernart de Venzac. In his early days he was a vehement opponent of the French, the clergy and the Albigensian Crusade. In the \"sirventes\", \"Ab votz d'angel, lengu' esperta, non bleza\", dated by Hill and", "id": "4006799" }, { "contents": "Peire Vidal\n\n\nMany of his early poems were addressed to Vierna de Porcellet, a relative of the count's. In some poems Peire, Vierna and Raymond form a love triangle. From Toulouse Peire went to the court of King Alfonso II of Aragon, where he remained in good favour until the king's death in 1196. He continued to occasionally visit the court of Alfonso's son, Peter II In the rivalry between the rulers of Toulouse and Aragon, Peire took the side of Aragon. He visited the court of King Alfonso VIII", "id": "7150831" }, { "contents": "William I of Cagliari\n\n\nhis death. Allegedly, he was a man of some culture, as he was in reportedly in contact with the Provençal troubadours Peire de la Caravana and Peire Vidal, likely to contract their services on behalf of his wealthy patrons. He was the son of Giorgia, daughter of Constantine II of Cagliari, and Obert, Margrave of Massa. He was a brother of William, Margrave of Massa. His paternal relatives were a branch of the Obertenghi who ruled Massa Lunense from the 11th century. Constantine II's eldest daughter married", "id": "6352696" }, { "contents": "Peire de Valeira\n\n\n.\" Peire's entire \"vida\", found in MSS \"I\" and \"K\", however, is probably unreliable, since it appears to confuse him with another Gascon troubadour, Arnaut de Tintinhac. Peire is often placed in a hypothetical \"school\" of poetry which includes Bernart de Ventadorn, Cercamon, Jaufre Rudel, Marcabru, Marcoat, and Peire Rogier among others. Further, the references in his \"vida\" to songs of the time concerning leaves, flowers, songs, and birds may be evidence", "id": "18999209" }, { "contents": "Bertran de Gourdon\n\n\n. Bertran surrendered promptly to the Crusaders under Simon de Montfort in May 1218 and did homage to Simon for his lands. Bertran wrote a comic \"tenso\", that is poetical debate, with Peire Raimon de Tolosa, now known by the incipit \"Totz tos afars es nienz\". It was dated to before 1211 by Joseph Anglade on the basis that Bertran was probably not at odds with his fellow southern barons yet if he was, as Anglade, suspects, playing host and patron to Peire Raimon, who had just", "id": "17663226" }, { "contents": "Peire de la Mula\n\n\npoet named only \"Mola\" who exchanged some verses with Guilhem Raimon. He may be the same individual as Peire de la Mula, but he has also been identified with the \"joglars\" Tremoleta. One of Peire's surviving couplets, \"Ia de razon no.m cal metr'en pantais\", can be dated to before 1185 on the basis of a reference to \"Androin\"(\"e\"), that is, Andronicus I Comnenus, who died that year. It was a screed against the young and rich. Peire's other couplet", "id": "13683550" }, { "contents": "Peire Raimon de Tolosa\n\n\n, and a certain \"Count Raymond\", which could refer to either Raymond V of Toulouse or, more probably, Raymond VI. He also spent time in Italy (Lombardy and Piedmont), at the courts of Thomas I of Savoy, Guglielmo Malaspina, and Azzo VI of Este. Azzo's daughter Beatriz was the addressee of one of Peire's poems. Eventually Peire settled down with a wife in Pamiers and there he died. Peire was reputed as a singer and composer of \"cansos\". His work is", "id": "19379364" }, { "contents": "Peire Vidal\n\n\n\" is probably reliable. It says that he \"was from Toulouse, the son of a furrier\": \"si fo de Tolosa, fils d'un pelissier\". The fur and leather industry was well established in Toulouse, near the church of Saint Pierre des Cuisines, in the twelfth century. Peire started his career, along with the troubadour Bernart Durfort, at the court of Count Raymond V of Toulouse around 1176. He continued there until 1190, when he left to seek another patron after quarrelling with the count.", "id": "7150830" }, { "contents": "Guilhem Peire Cazals de Caortz\n\n\nGuilhem Peire Cazals de Caortz or Guilhem Peire de Cazals was a troubadour of the first half of the thirteenth century. He was born or lived in Cahors, Quercy, from which his name \"de Caortz\". Eleven of his works, including one \"tenso\", survive. The only sure way to date Guilhem Peire's life and work is by his \"tenso\" with Bernart de la Barta, who was alive in 1229, and by a \"sirventes\" of Guilhem Figueira, \"Un nou sirventes ai en", "id": "12553937" }, { "contents": "Peire Vidal\n\n\nof Castile at Toledo in 1195 and intermittently thereafter until 1201. He also stayed for a time at the court of King Alfonso IX of León, where the Galician–Portuguese lyric was favoured over the Occitan. Among Peire's many lesser patrons were Lord William VIII of Montpellier and his wife, the Byzantine princess Eudokia Komnene. (William was both a vassal of Peter II and his father-in-law.) Peire attended the Aragonese court during some of its visits to Narbonne, but although the ruling viscountess of that", "id": "7150832" }, { "contents": "Peire de la Mula\n\n\nPeire (or Pietro) de la Mula (\"fl. c.\" 1200) was an Italian troubadour. Of his writings a pair of couplets and one \"sirventes\" are all that survive. According to his \"vida\", he was a \"joglars\" and \"trobaire\" (troubadour) who stayed for a long time in Montferrat, Cortemilia, and the Piedmont at the court of Ottone del Carretto (fl. 1190–1233). This places Peire's activity before 1209, when Ottone lost Cortemilia. It has", "id": "13683548" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nsupposition, based on where the biographer and compiler Miquel de la Tor was active. Three of Peire's songs have surviving melodies, but two (for a \"canso\" and a \"sirventes\") were composed by others: Guiraut de Bornelh and Raimon Jordan respectively. Like many of his contemporary troubadours, Peire merely composed \"contrafacta\". The third, for \"Un sirventesc novel vuelh comensar\", may be Peire's own work. It is similar to the borrowed melody of Guiraut de Bornelh, mostly syllabic with", "id": "4006805" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\nas the \"Petrus d'Alvengue\" and \"Petrus de Alvernia\" who appear in surviving documents from Montpellier dated to the year 1148. Peire appears to have cultivated the favour of the ruling family of the Crown of Aragon, and his poems contain allusions to the counts of Barcelona and Provence. Perhaps he was following the fashion of the lords of Montpellier of his time, who, though vassals of the Count of Toulouse, were partial to the Aragonese. At the same time Peire did garner the support of Raymond V of Toulouse", "id": "6558330" }, { "contents": "Peire de Maensac\n\n\nPeire de Maensac was an Auvergnat knight and troubadour. He was from Maensac (either Mauzat, Manzat or Mainsat) in the lands of Dalfi d'Alvernha. He came from the petty nobility. His brother Austor or Austors was also a troubadour, but none of his works survives. According to Peire's \"vida\" the brothers agreed that one of them would \"have the castle\" (i.e. inherit) and the other would be the \"inventor\" (i.e. troubadour). Peire became the troubadour. He wrote poems dedicated", "id": "6679234" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nworldly deeds might be seen as \"piggish\".) Peire subsequently travelled widely, visiting the courts of Auvergne, Les Baux, Foix, Rodez, and Vienne. He may have even ventured into Spain and met Alfonso X of Castile, and James I of Aragon, although he never mentions the latter by name in his poems. (James is however of course mentioned in Peire's \"vida\".) During his travels Peire was accompanied by a suite of jongleurs, some of whom receive mention by name in his", "id": "4006798" }, { "contents": "Peire Raimon de Tolosa\n\n\ncharacterised by themes of nature. His style was hermetic. He imitated the troubadours Cadenet and Arnaut Daniel and was in turn imitated by Bertran de Born, especially as regards his use of natural imagery. Bertran went so far as to copy almost a whole stanza from Peire's \"No.m puesc sofrir d'una leu chanso faire.\" In \"Us noels pessamens\", Peire even anticipates the Tuscan poet Dante Alighieri. Peire is complaining about a mistress who first beckoned him and then broke her promise to him when he says: Peire", "id": "19379365" }, { "contents": "Aimeric de Belenoi\n\n\nwhere he probably had contact with Aimeric de Pegulhan, Albertet de Sestaro, Guillem Augier Novella and Peirol. He may also have made the acquaintance of Peire Cardenal. Aimeric went to Castile before making his final trip to Catalonia. His last datable work was \"Nulhs hom en res no falh\", a \"planh\" for Nuño Sánchez, who died in 1242. This \"planh\" was addressed to the \"comtessa Beatris\", wife of Raymond Berengar IV of Provence, and \"senher N'Imo\", her brother Aimone", "id": "15990226" }, { "contents": "Peire Bremon Ricas Novas\n\n\nproensal\", with its reference to \"us Provençals\". Peire's first datable work is a \"tenso\" written at the court of Raymond Berengar IV of Provence in 1230 with Gui de Cavalhon. At the court of Provence Peire also met Bertran d'Alamanon and Sordello, whose \"planh\" for Blacatz he imitated. Peire left the court of Raymond Berengar sometime in or after 1237 and went to that of Barral of Baux and thence to that of Raymond VII of Toulouse. Though there is no record of his having visited", "id": "12717295" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nsecond stanza Peire mentions Peter's success in the Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa; in the third he alludes to the sacking of Béziers (whose count Raymond Roger Trencavel was supposed to have been Peter's vassal): at Béziers the poorer soldiers of the Inquisition were flogged by the wealthier, and this is the theme of the stanza. Peire's mention of the court of Constantine may also again evoke the divorce proceedings of Peter and Marie where Peire ultimately lost. Peire later alludes to the death of someone (perhaps a", "id": "4006796" }, { "contents": "Elias de Barjols\n\n\naffability\" of Giraut IV Trencaleon d'Armagnac, the \"generosity\" of Randon (a lord of this name died before 1219, when he is mentioned in the testament of his son-in-law; he was the nephew of the troubadour Garin lo Brun), the \"good responses\" of Dalfi d'Alvernha, the \"wits\" of \"Peir cui es Monleos\" (maybe the troubadour Peire de Gavaret), the \"chivalry\" of Brian, the \"wisdom\" of Bertran, the \"courtesy\" of a", "id": "20595774" }, { "contents": "Peire Guilhem de Luserna\n\n\nPeire Guilhem de Luserna () was a Piedmontese troubadour. Peire's identity as an Italian has been up for debate since the 19th century. \"Luserna\" more probably refers to Luserna in the Piedmont, rich and populous in Peire’s time, a town on the left bank of the Pellice lying on the road into the Viennois and Dauphiné, Occitan-speaking territories. On the other hand, it may be Lusarne (\"Luserna\" in Italian) in the Leberon valley in Provence, on the road between Reillane in", "id": "10437582" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nPeire del Puei, li trobador\" with Aimeric de Pegulhan. At Raymond's court also perhaps, probably in 1213, Peire composed a \"sirventes\", \"Las amairitz, qui encolpar las vol\", which may have encouraged Peter II of Aragon to help Toulouse in the Battle of Muret, where Peter died. In this \"sirventes\" Peire alludes first perhaps to the accusations of adultery that Peter had leveled against Peter's wife Maria of Montpellier but also perhaps to the various changes in law governing women. In the", "id": "4006795" }, { "contents": "Peire Lunel de Montech\n\n\nPeire Lunel de Montech (fl. 1326–1384), also known as Cavalier Lunel or Peire de Lunel, was a lawyer, politician and author of Toulouse. His name indicates he was a knight (\"cavalier\" in Occitan) from Montech. In his youth he was a troubadour. A \"canso\", a Crusading song, a \"sirventes\", an \"ensenhamen\" and some moralising \"coblas esparsas\" survive of his work. The Crusading song is dated to around 1326. It is a critique of King", "id": "11493706" }, { "contents": "Ermengarde, Viscountess of Narbonne\n\n\nthe langue d'oïl in the north. She corresponded with many troubadours, including Peire Rogier, Giraut de Bornelh, Peire d'Alvergne, Pons d'Ortafa, and Salh d'Escola, as well as the trobairitz Azalais de Porcairagues. In addition it is believed that she welcomed to her court Rognvald II of Orkney, a Viking prince that became a saint, and poet, who composed skaldic poetry for her. Without issue after two unhappy marriages, Ermengarde designated as heir Pedro Manrique de Lara -the second but eldest surviving son of her half-sister", "id": "17254566" }, { "contents": "Peire de Corbiac\n\n\nPeire de Corbiac or Corbian was a Gascon cleric and troubadour of the thirteenth century. His most famous works are a religious piece, the \"Prière à la Vierge\" (prayer to the Virgin), and his \"treasures\", \"Lo tezaurs\" (c. 1225). Peire was born at Corbiac near Bordeaux to a poor family. He was educated at Orléans in the Scholastic tradition. His nephew was the troubadour Aimeric de Belenoi, whose \"vida\" refers to him as \"maestre\" (master, teacher", "id": "15078720" }, { "contents": "Peire de la Caravana\n\n\nGermany]br In saying: \"Brother, watz!\"br The sound of which as much resemblesbr Dogs barking. The German word \"watz\" is said to be an interjection resembling the clinking of glasses and proposes a toast. Peire also had ties to Sardinia. He dedicated his \"D'un serventes faire\" to a \"senhal Malgrat de toz\", which has been identified as Barisone II of Arborea, who was crowned King of Sardinia at Pavia by the Emperor Frederick I in return for 4,000 silver marks from Genoa, but was later deposed", "id": "20349652" }, { "contents": "Pere de Montsó\n\n\n. If Pattison's reconstruction of events surrounding Peire d'Alvernhe's satire is correct, however, Pere de Montsó was attached to the Spanish entourage (possibly as a jongleur) of Eleanor, daughter of Henry II of England and fiancée of Alfonso VIII of Castile, who was travelling through Gascony on her way to Spain when she and her entourage were entertained by Peire's satire. Pattison suggest on the basis of this stanza that the troupe had also travelled through the lands of Toulouse and met in the presence of the Count, whose", "id": "11269399" }, { "contents": "Occitan literature\n\n\nof Ventadour's father was a servant, Peire Vidal's a maker of furred garments, Perdigon's a fisher. Others belonged to the bourgeoisie, Peire d'Alvernha, for example, Peire Raimon of Toulouse, and Elias Fonsalada. Likewise we see merchants' sons as troubadours; this was the case with Folquet of Marseille and Aimeric de Peguilhan. A great many were clerics, or at least studied for the Church, for instance, Arnaut de Mareuil, Uc de Saint Circ, Aimeric de Belenoi, Hugh Brunet, Peire Cardenal", "id": "11312613" }, { "contents": "Pere de Montsó\n\n\nPere de Montsó (fl. 1173), also Peire de Monzo(n), was an Aragonese troubadour, though none of his compositions survive. He was probably from Monzón near the border with Catalonia, but he may have hailed from Monzón de Campos in Castile, as Ramón Menéndez Pidal believed. He is the subject of the eighth stanza of a famous satire of twelve troubadours by Peire d'Alvernhe. This stanza has different readings: The verse is very unclear. The first reading suggests that Raymond V of Toulouse had heard Pere sing", "id": "11269398" }, { "contents": "Peire de Barjac\n\n\nPeire de Barjac was a Languedocian troubadour who flourished in the first half of the thirteenth century. He was a descendant of the troubadours Guillem de Randon and Garin lo Brun. Only one of poem that was certainly written by Peire survives: \"Tot francamen, domna, veing denan vos\". The rubric above the poem in the manuscript labels it a \"conjat\" and scholars have classified it as a \"mala canso\", or bad \"canso\". It is a song about leaving his lover. Many other songs", "id": "8049259" }, { "contents": "Pierre Roger de Cabaret\n\n\nPierre Roger de Cabaret (French) or Pèire Rogièr de Cabaret (Occitan) (fl. 13th century) was a military leader of the Occitan forces in the Albigensian Crusade. He inherited three hilltop castles near modern-day Lastours from his father. He was a patron of the troubadours, including Peire Vidal. He was a vassal of viscount Raymond Roger Trencavel, and was present with him during the siege of the castrum of Carcassonne in early stages of the Albigensian Crusade in 1209. Allegedly, Pierre-Roger advised Trencavel", "id": "11128862" }, { "contents": "Peire Raimon de Tolosa\n\n\nPeire Raimon de Tolosa (or Toloza; fl. 1180–1220) was a troubadour from the merchant class of Toulouse. He is variously referred to as \"lo Viellz\" (\"the Old\") and \"lo Gros\" (\"the Fat\"), though these are thought by some to refer to two different persons. On the other hand, \"lo Viellz\" could refer to his being of an early generation of troubadours. Eighteen of Peire Ramon's poems survive, one \"canso\" with a melody.", "id": "19379362" }, { "contents": "Peire Vidal\n\n\ncity, Ermengarde, was a notable patron of troubadours (like Azalais de Porcairagues) there is no indication that she patronised Peire or that he wrote songs for her. Peire was also associated with Raimon Jaufre Barral, viscount of Marseille and brother-in-law of Vierna. Barral's son-in-law, Hugh of Baux, was also a patron of Peire Vidal. The troubadour Blacatz, a relative of Hugh's and of modest wealth, was a patron. Peire Vidal is referenced in Ezra Pound's poem", "id": "7150833" }, { "contents": "Peire Guilhem de Luserna\n\n\nthe Basses-Alpes and Bastide-des-Jourdans. Peire was probably at the court of the Este beginning in 1221, during the reign of Azzo VII, husband of Giovanna, the object of one of Peire's songs. Sometime before arriving at Ferrara, Peire was probably at the court of Manfred III of Saluzzo. In 1220 Aimeric de Peguilhan, then at the Malaspina court, mentioned him in a poem—\"Ni un autre tirador / qu’eu no vuoill dir de Luserna\"—as being among a quintet of Occitan poets at Saluzzo: Peire", "id": "10437583" }, { "contents": "Gonzalo Ruiz\n\n\nthe 1170s. If Gonzalo Ruiz is de Azagra, it should be noted that his brother's daughter, Tota Pérez, was married to Diego López de Haro—with whom the lord of La Bureba had a connexion—who was a great patron of troubadours. Rigaut de Barbezill, Peire Vidal, and Aimeric de Pegulhan all spent time at his court, as did Rodrigo Díaz de los Cameros, his son-in-law, one of the earliest Galician-Portuguese troubadours. Riquer attaches the Castilian embassy in France circa", "id": "12361311" }, { "contents": "Peire de la Caravana\n\n\nPeire de la Caravana (also Cavarana, Gavarana, or Cà Varana, perhaps meaning \"near Verona\") was an Italian troubadour (\"trovatore\") in Lombardy in the late 12th and early 13th centuries. He was one of the earliest Occitan troubadours in Italy. He is famous for his \"sirventes\". Among his preserved works are the \"sirventes\" \"D'un serventes faire\" and \"La Paz de Costanza\". Peire wrote the first encouraging the communes of northern Italy to resist German overlorship, which has", "id": "20349649" }, { "contents": "Peire Rogier\n\n\nlong time. From Raimbaut's court he moved on to sojourn at that of Alfonso VIII of Castile, then that of Alfonso II of Aragon, and finally that of Raymond V of Toulouse, where he arrived circa 1170. According to his \"vida\", he became much esteemed as a troubadour through his travels, but there is no evidence otherwise for any movements in Spain, except perhaps the assembly of troubadours at the court of Aragon mentioned in a work of Peire d'Alvernhe (which need not have taken place).", "id": "1085906" }, { "contents": "Peire de Bussignac\n\n\nPeire de Bussignac, Bossinhac, or Bocinhac (fl. c. 1160) was a nobleman, cleric, and troubadour from the Périgord. He was probably from Bussignac in Hautefort, but possibly Boussignac in Tulle. He was, according to his \"vida\", \"from the castle of Bertran de Born\". Though his \"vida\" speaks of \"good \"sirventes\"\" to reproach ladies for bad behaviour and \"sirventes\" attacking Bertran, only one \"sirventes\" by Peire survives: \"Quan lo dous temps", "id": "6679237" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\nCastile sojourned at Puivert. If the above date is not accepted, it can be probably dated later than 1165—since Giraut de Borneill was only active from c.1170—and certainly before 1173, when Raimbaut d'Aurenga died. The Monge de Montaudon later composed a parody of Peire's satire, \"Pos Peire d'Alvernhl a chantat\". \"Chantarai d'aquest trobadors\" is near universally regarded today as playful parody and not as a work of serious literary or artistic criticism. The obscurity of most of the ridiculed poets and the attack upon such personal characteristics as", "id": "6558337" }, { "contents": "Arnaut de Tintinhac\n\n\nattitude towards encouraging courtly love he also resembles the early troubadours. Like other early Gascon troubadours, such as Peire de Valeira, he employed nature metaphors, as at the beginning of this song: The \"vida\" of Peire de Valeira seems to confuse its intended subject with Arnaut (at least at some points). It goes like this: Peire de Valeira was from Gascony, from the land of Lord Arnaut Guillem de Marsan. He was a minstrel at the very same time in which Marcabru lived, and he composed", "id": "12717977" }, { "contents": "Peire de Valeira\n\n\nPeire de Valeira, Valeria, or Valera (fl. early–mid twelfth century) was a Gascon troubadour. Since troubadour poetry probably originated in northwest Aquitaine (Poitou and Saintonge) and first spread—within a generation—south into Gascony, Peire was one of the earliest troubadours. Only two of his poems survive, one \"canso\" (\"Vezer volgra n'Ezelgarda\") and one \"cobla\" (\"Qui qu'Amors don son voler\"). His birthplace was Valera, near Podensac and Saint-Macaire in", "id": "18999206" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Ussel\n\n\nPeire d'Ussel or d'Uisel (\"Pèire d'Ussèl\" in modern Occitan; fl. c. 1200) was a Limousin troubadour, the middle of three brothers, castellans of the castle of Ussel-sur-Sarzonne, northeast of Ventadorn. His elder brother was Eble and his younger Gui, and he also had a cousin named Elias; all four were troubadours. According to Gui's \"vida\", Peire descanted his relatives’ songs. This should not be understood to imply that Peire was only a musician. One \"cobla", "id": "14026658" }, { "contents": "Peyre de Rius\n\n\nPeyre de Rius (\"fl.\"1344–86) was an Occitan troubadour from Foix. He wrote under the patronage of Gaston Phoebus, Count of Foix, and Peter the Ceremonious, King of Aragon. He is one of the few troubadours known by name who lived for a time at Peter's court in Barcelona. His name in standardised Occitan is \"Peire\" or \"Pèire\", in Catalan it is \"Pere\", and in modern French \"Pierre\". An obscure reference to a Pere Riu among some \"", "id": "16102630" }, { "contents": "Matfre Ermengau\n\n\n) of the work, \"Perilhos tractatz d'amor de donas, seguon qu'en han tractat li antic trobador en lurs cansos\", structured as a dialogue between the defenders Love and her critics, is filled with citations (266 by some counts) of other troubadours and even some trouvères; Matfre cited himself six (Jeanroy) or nine (Paden) times and cited his brother Peire twice. He was careful to cite poets from different eras, but his favourites appear to be Aimeric de Peguilhan, Bernart de Ventadorn, and Peire", "id": "4121404" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nhim to vernacular lyric poetry and he abandoned his career in the church for \"the vanity of this world\", according to his \"vida\". Peire began his career at the court of Raymond VI of Toulouse—from whom he sought patronage—and a document of 1204 refers to a \"Petrus Cardinalis\" as a scribe of Raymond's chancery. At Raymond's court, however, he appears to have been known as Peire del Puoi or Puei (). Around 1238 he wrote a \"partimen\" beginning \"", "id": "4006794" }, { "contents": "Peire de la Mula\n\n\n, \"Una leig vei d'escuoill\", was also an attack on minstrels (\"joglars\"), who, at his time, were bringing their \"insolence\" from across the Alps into the presence of the \"pros\" (powerful) of Italy. Peire refers in this work to both Breton (\"Bretz\") and Norman (\"Normans\") minstrels. Peire's only full-length work to survive, \"Dels joglars servir mi laisse\", is a \"sirventes joglaresc\", a \"sirventes", "id": "13683551" }, { "contents": "Sancha of Castile, Queen of Aragon\n\n\nSancha of Castile (21 September 1154/5 – 9 November 1208) was the only surviving child of King Alfonso VII of Castile by his second wife, Richeza of Poland. On January 18, 1174, she married King Alfonso II of Aragon at Zaragoza; they had at least eight children who survived into adulthood. A patroness of troubadours such as Giraud de Calanson and Peire Raymond, the queen became involved in a legal dispute with her husband concerning properties which formed part of her dower estates. In 1177 she entered the county of", "id": "21291157" }, { "contents": "Ottone del Carretto\n\n\nin 1217. He predeceased his father in 1228. His second son, Enrico (Henry), married Beatrice, daughter of Boniface I of Montferrat. A third son, Manfredo (Manfred), is only attested in one document of 1242 in the \"Codex Astensis\". Ottone was a patron of several troubadours, composers of Old Occitan lyric poetry. He is prominent in the \"vida\" (short vernacular biography) of Peire de la Mula. In one manuscript his name is given as \"miser N'Ot del Carret", "id": "18951554" }, { "contents": "Peire de Barjac\n\n\nare attributed to multiple troubadours in the manuscripts. Some attributed to Peire are also attributed to Peire de Bussignac, Berenguier de Palazol, Elias de Barjols, Guillem de la Tor, Pons de Capdoill and Uc de Saint Circ; yet few of these other attributions are reliable. One song attributed to Peire in one manuscript is unattributed in another. Stronski argues that the attribution to Elias de Barjols was an emendation by the scribe confronted with the unfamiliar name Peire de Barjac. Napolski considered the attribution to Pons de Capdoill dubious. Alfred", "id": "8049260" }, { "contents": "Uc de Lescura\n\n\nUc de Lescura or de l'Escura (fl. 1190–1204) was a minor troubadour. The \"Lescura\" of his birth is unknown. There is a Lescurre in Ariège, Aveyron, and Tarn. Based on references in his work, historian Alfred Adler placed him at the court of Alfonso VIII of Castile (whom he calls \"emperor\") and in Catalonia. Uc's only existing work is a \"sirventes\", \"De mots ricos no tem Peire Vidal\", that begins with a \"gab\" proclaiming his", "id": "7146555" }, { "contents": "Peire de Montagut\n\n\nPeire de Montagut (? – 28 January 1232) was Grand Master of the Knights Templar from 1218 to 1232. He took part in the Fifth Crusade and was against the Sultan of Egypt's conditions for raising the siege of Damietta. He was previously Master of the Crown of Aragon. A close friend of Guillaume de Chartres, it was most likely the trust the previous Grand Master had in him which meant he himself was elected so quickly in 1218. At the same time, the Grand Master of the Knights Hospitaller was", "id": "11505219" }, { "contents": "Alfonso II of Aragon\n\n\ntaking a lover who is richer than herself. The debate had been begun by Guilhem de Saint-Leidier and was taken up by Azalais de Porcairagues and Raimbaut of Orange; there was also a \"partimen\" on the topic between Dalfi d'Alvernha and Perdigon. Alfonso and his love affairs are mentioned in poems by many troubadours, including Guillem de Berguedà (who criticized his dealings with Azalais of Toulouse) and Peire Vidal, who commended Alfonso's decision to marry Sancha rather than Eudokia Komnene that he had preferred a poor Castilian maid", "id": "20647088" }, { "contents": "Peire de Ladils\n\n\nPeire de Ladils de Bazas (; fl. 1325–1355) was a Gascon troubadour associated with the Consistori del Gay Saber in Toulouse. He was from Bazas in the Gironde and he served as advocate for the Cathédrale Saint-Jean-Baptiste. His surviving work comprises four \"cansos\", three \"dansas\", and two \"partimens\". In 1340 he composed a political \"partimen\" with Raimon de Cornet. He, and presumably Raimon also, was apparently well-read in the romantic literature of his time. His", "id": "11791403" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\nspirited courtly love\") he is the only troubadour to ever use the term \"courtly love\". Marcabrunian influence can be seen here too. In a later Crusade song, Peire defended Marcabru's abandonment of the \"carnal amar\". He advocates \"gran sabers ni purs\" (\"great and pure wisdom\") through \"bon'amor\" (\"good love\"). Along with Bernart Marti, Bernart de Venzac, and Gavaudan, Peire was part of a \"Marcabrunian school\". Nonetheless, as mentioned above", "id": "6558333" }, { "contents": "Guilhem Peire Cazals de Caortz\n\n\ncor que trameta\", composed in 1240, which mirrors \"D'una leu chanso ai cor que m'entremeta\", a \"canso\" by Guilhem Peire, in metre and rhyme and therefore gives a \"terminus ante quem\" for the \"tenso\"'s composition. Nine of Guilhem Peire's poems are dedicated to a certain friend and jongleur known only by the affectionate \"senhal\" \"Ardit\". Generally he wrote in the trobar ric genre, and in his \"leu chanso\" (\"canso\" in the trobar leu", "id": "12553938" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\n. The author of his \"vida\", editorialising, considers his poems to have been the greatest until Giraut de Borneill and his melodies to have been the best ever. The anonymous biographer records that his information about Peire's later years comes from Dalfi d'Alvernha. It has been suggested that Dalfi was the author of the \"vida\". According to an accusation of fellow troubadour Bernart Marti, Peire entered upon a religious life early, but quit Holy Orders for a life of itinerant minstrelsy. He may be the same person", "id": "6558329" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nan opponent of Christianity or even the Crusades. In \"Totz lo mons es vestitiz et abrazatz\" he urged Philip III of France, who had recently succeeded his father, Louis IX, who died in 1270 on the failed Eighth Crusade, to go to the aid of Edward Longshanks, then on the Ninth Crusade in Syria. Near the end of the \"sirventes\", \"Ab votz d'angel, lengu' esperta, non bleza\", composed as noted probably around 1229, Peire's words, \"[s]'ieu fos", "id": "4006802" }, { "contents": "Albert Malaspina\n\n\nAlbert Malaspina (1160/1165–1206/1212), called Alberto Moro (\"the Moor\") and \"lo marches putanier\" (\"the whoring marquess\"), was a member of the illustrious Malaspina family. He was a noted troubadour and patron of troubadours. Albert disputes with Peire de la Caravana the position of earliest native Italian troubadour. He was a son of Obizzo I the Great and husband of a daughter of William V of Montferrat. His brother-in-law Boniface I of Montferrat and his nephews Corrado (Conrad)", "id": "17471547" }, { "contents": "Peire de Corbiac\n\n\n) and Peire elsewhere calls himself \"maistre\". Certainly Peire's \"Tezaur\" is didactic in nature: his purpose in writing was to convince the wise that though he was poor in material terms he was richer still. Composed in 840 alexandrines, the \"Tezaur\" is an encyclopaedic compilation of all that the troubadour knew. The work displays a great breadth of knowledge. He expends 547 lines narrating the chief events of the Old and New Testaments, then discusses the seven liberal arts, medicine, surgery, necromancy,", "id": "15078721" }, { "contents": "Peire de Valeira\n\n\nfor an early troubadour genre which did not survive. It may also be that the distinctiveness of Peire's genre was regional, a Gascon style. The later Gascon troubadour Guiraut de Calanso wrote verses that were \"d'aquella saison\" (\"of that time\") and disliked in Provence, perhaps pointing to a Gascon tradition (or \"literary fad\") which was not popular outside of \"Gascoigna\" (Gascony). The \"paubra valor\" (\"poor value\") of Peire's songs may be a reflection", "id": "18999210" }, { "contents": "Henry II of Rodez\n\n\nHenry II (Occitan: \"Enric II de Rodés\") (c. 1236–1304), of the House of Millau, was the Count of Rodez and Viscount of Carlat from 1274 until his death. He was the son of Hugh IV of Rodez and Isabeau de Roquefeuil. Henry II was a troubadour and patron of troubadours. He composed six poems that survive: four \"tensos\" and two \"partimens\" (alternatively five \"torneyamens\"). His short \"vida\" records an exchange of couplets between \"lo coms", "id": "16712769" }, { "contents": "Peire Bremon lo Tort\n\n\nPeire Bremon lo Tort (or Bremonz lo Tortz) (\"fl.\" 1177) was a troubadour from the Viennois. Though only two of his pieces (both love songs) survive, his poetry is characterised by Francoprovençalisms. According to his short \"vida\", he was \"honoured by all the notable men.\" Peire Bremon has been identified with the Petrus Bermudi and Peire Bremont found in documents of 1160 pertaining to the Dauphiné. He is possibly the same person as the Peire Bremon related to the Counts of", "id": "16694577" }, { "contents": "Bernart Marti\n\n\nBernart Marti was a troubadour, composing poems and satires in Occitan, in the mid twelfth century. They show that he was influenced by his contemporaries Marcabru and knew Peire d'Alvernha, whom, in one poem, he accused of abandoning holy orders. Along with Peire, Gavaudan, and Bernart de Venzac he is sometimes placed in a hypothetical Marcabrunian school. His work is \"enigmatic, ironic, and satiric\", but has no following among later troubadours, according to Gaunt and Kay. Nine or ten of Marti's poems", "id": "14690002" }, { "contents": "Occitan literature\n\n\nthe part he is said to have played both by his sword and his sirveniescs in the struggle between Henry II of England and his rebel sons, though the importance of his part in the events of the time seems to have been greatly exaggerated; Peire Vidal of Toulouse, a poet of varied inspiration who grew rich with gifts bestowed on him by the greatest nobles of his time; Guiraut de Borneil, \"lo macsire dels trobadors\", and at any rate master in the art of the so-called close style (", "id": "11312610" }, { "contents": "Peire de Maensac\n\n\nto the (unnamed) wife of Bernart de Tierci. According to his \"vida\" he sang so much to her that she eventually allowed herself to be \"abducted\" by him. He fled with her to the castle of Dalf d'Alvernha, but her husband waged a \"great war\" to bring her back. Dalfi reputedly defended the castle so well that Bernart was unable to ever reclaim her. Peire was called a \"pleasant companion\" by his biographer. He wrote mostly \"cansos\" of courtly love with \"", "id": "6679235" }, { "contents": "Aimerico Manrique de Lara\n\n\ndefend the rights of the viscounts of Narbonne, recognising the rights of Aimeric at the same time. In early 1176, Ermengarda to retired to the monastery of Fontfroide, leaving the reins of government in Narbonne in Aimeric's hands. Aimeric died on 14 October 1177. Raymond V recovered his rights in Narbonne and his ducal title. Peire Rogier, a troubadour who frequented Ermengarda's court, addressed a poem to the viscountess and Aimeric. It is one of Peire's few datable works, coming between the years of Aimeric's", "id": "7254812" }, { "contents": "Guilhem d'Anduza\n\n\nGuilhem d'Anduza (fl. 1244–81) was a minor troubadour active in the middle of the thirteenth century. He belonged to the family of the lords of Anduze, who were patrons of several other troubadours. He was the eldest son of Peire Bremon VII, the last lord of Anduze and Sauve, and Josserande de Poitiers. Most of his father's lands were confiscated for rebellion in 1244. Guilhem acquired the barony of Olargues through marriage and inherited Hierle on his father's death in 1254. His petition to recover Anduze and", "id": "15667365" }, { "contents": "Guillem de Ribes\n\n\nof Miralpeix (now part of Sitges), held by one of his vassals, when it came under siege by two rivals, Berenguer de Castellet and Eymerich de Espiells. The castle was taken in an assault and partially destroyed. In a lawsuit brought against Guillem in the early 1200s, it was alleged that he had deliberately impeded the defence of the castle to his own benefit. He was succeeded by his nephew, Ponç II. The troubadour Peire d'Alvernhe composed a song satirizing twelve contemporary troubadours. It was probably first performed", "id": "10989340" }, { "contents": "Peire Guillem de Tolosa\n\n\nPeire Guillem (or Guilhem) de Tolosa was a 13th-century troubadour from Toulouse. Only one \"sirventes\" he wrote (\"En Sordel, que us es semblan\"), a \"tenso\" with the contemporary Italian poet Sordello, survives. According to his \"vida\" he was a courtly man who loved high society. The author of the \"vida\" also expresses admiration for his couplets but bewails the excessive number he composed, though so few of his works survive to this day. He was also", "id": "15990053" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\ncan detect the moralising influence of Marcabru, with whom in whose old age he was possibly acquainted. One of Marcabru's late songs is a satire of an early one by Peire d'Alvernhe. Marcabru's complexity was also imparted to Peire. On the topic of courtly love, Peire, who had abandoned the religious life early, came to abandon the claims of \"fin'amor\" (\"fine love\") later. When Peire espouses love of the Holy Ghost over \"cortez' amors de bon aire\" (\"well-", "id": "6558332" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\nthem and beg their mercy.\" By far, however, Peire's most famous work is \"Chantarai d'aquest trobadors\", a \"sirventes\" written at Puivert (\"Puoich-vert\") in which he ridicules twelve contemporary troubadours (\"a poetical gallery\") and praises himself. It has been conjectured that this piece was first performed in the presence of all twelve of the ridiculed poets in late Summer 1170 while an embassy bringing Eleanor, daughter of Henry II of England, to her Spanish goorm Alfonso VIII of", "id": "6558336" }, { "contents": "Peire de la Caravana\n\n\nbeen dated to as early as 1157. However, Peire incites the Lombard cities by harkening back to the fate of the baronage of Apulia who had resisted the Germans earlier: \"Lombart, beus gardazbr \"Que ja non siazbr \"Pejer que compraz,br \"Si ferm non estaz!br \"De Pulla'us sovegnabr \"Dels valens barosbr \"Qu'il non an que pegnabr \"For de lor maisos;br \"Gardaz non devegnabr \"Autretal de vos! This has led some to date it to 1194, when Henry VI conquered Sicily or as late", "id": "20349650" }, { "contents": "Marcoat\n\n\nMarcoat was a minor Gascon troubadour and joglar who flourished in the mid twelfth century. He is often cited in connexion with Eleanor of Aquitaine and is placed in a hypothetical \"school\" of poetry which includes Bernart de Ventadorn, Marcabru, Cercamon, Jaufre Rudel, Peire Rogier, and Peire de Valeria among others. Of all his works, only two \"sirventes\" survive: \"Mentre m'obri eis huisel\" and \"Una re.us dirai, en Serra\". Marcoat was an innovator building off the work of the contemporary Gascon", "id": "10485658" }, { "contents": "Gonzalo Ruiz\n\n\nmarry Alfonso VIII of Castile, then the identification of Guossalbo Roitz with Gonzalo Ruiz of Bureba becomes probable. Peire has this to say about his eleventh \"victim\" in lines 67 to 72: Peire is making fun of Gonzalo's well-known military career. In fact, Peire may have learned about Gonzalo on a trip he made to Castile in the spring of 1158. If he did not meet Gonzalo at the Castilian court, where Gonzalo undoubtedly was between January and February, then he may have met him at the", "id": "12361307" }, { "contents": "Peire Bremon lo Tort\n\n\nToulouse in a stanza of Peire d'Alvernhe's satire of contemporary troubadours. \"Peire Bremon\" was not a rare name and it was shared by the later troubadour, sometimes erroneously identified with lo Tort (whose nickname means \"the Wrong\"), Peire Bremon Ricas Novas. Peire's earlier poem, \"Mei oill an gran manentia\", was written as the troubadour prepared to depart from Syria, where he had been staying. He left behind a beloved \"domna\" (lady), whom he celebrated in the poem", "id": "16694578" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nabout the nuns may have additional significance. His tone changes after this and his closing lines suggest though that all this is a miracle from the \"saintly fathers\", suggesting his acceptance of things: Cardenal.org says that some have interpreted these lines as suggesting that Peire married at this time. By the end of his life he appears reconciled to the new \"modus vivendi\" in southern France. He died at an advanced age (allegedly one hundred years old) possibly either in Montpellier or Nimes, but this is only a", "id": "4006804" }, { "contents": "Peire Vidal\n\n\nPeire Vidal (born mid-12th century) was an Old Occitan troubadour. Forty-five of his songs are extant. The twelve that still have melodies bear testament to the deserved nature of his musical reputation. There is no contemporary reference to Peire outside of his works of poetry. His \"vida\" (a short Occitan biography)—composed about fifty years after his death—and two \"razos\" (short commentaries on specific poems) are probably fictionalised works built on episodes from his poems. Only the opening line of the \"vida", "id": "7150829" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\ndaughter or perhaps Peire's wife Marie) and then apparently to the couple's son James I of Aragon, born at Candlemas, according to James's Chronicle. It's not clear who the \"crois hom\" or \"dreadful man\" is in the final couplet, whose deeds are \"piggish\": Peire has really never addressed anyone in this verse but Peter II and those close to him. (But dualism had by then made its way into some of the local religious views of Medieval Languedoc: in dualist philosophy", "id": "4006797" }, { "contents": "Guillem de Balaun\n\n\nVierneta when he next returned to see Guilhelma. After a long time he returned, did reconcile Peire and Vierneta, and gave Peire more joy than he had felt even when he first won his lady. In order to test whether or not the joy of recovering a lady was greater than that of winning her, Guillem acted as though he were very angry with her. He ceased to discuss her or hear her discussed, to send her messages, or to visit her region. She sent him pleading messengers and letters of", "id": "21063206" }, { "contents": "Peire Cardenal\n\n\nmaritz\", \"if I were wed\", suggest that he is not yet wed. The verse which follows provides evidence in the view of some that Peire married: it first mocks the \"barrenness that bears fruit\" of the \"[beguinas\" (beguines, who may have sometimes been associated with the Dominicans; Hill and Bergin in 1973 said this was a reference to nuns of the Dominican Order). Throughout the verse of course Peire had been poking fun at the Dominican clergy, but the comment", "id": "4006803" }, { "contents": "Antide Boyer\n\n\nhis father, a potter. He spent four years at the minor seminary of Marseille, where he lost his faith in Christianity. He met Pierre Mazière at the seminary, who later wrote under the nom-de-plume Peire Simoun. He worked for the Chemins de fer de Paris à Lyon et à la Méditerranée (PLM), then at the La Ciotat shipyards, and then ran a wholesale oil and soap store with his first wife. He was one of the founders of the Bouches-du-Rhone Socialist", "id": "16118352" }, { "contents": "Peire de Valeira\n\n\nthe Gironde. His \"vida\" places his birthplace in the fief of Arnaut Guillem de Marsan, who was himself a troubadour. He was a contemporary of Marcabru and originally a jongleur. His poems were typical for the time, according to Uc de Saint Circ, the probable author of his \"vida\", being about natural objects (like leaves, flowers, and birds), but not of great value to the biographer's time. But Uc saves his harshest critique for the end, as Elizabeth Poe relates:", "id": "18999207" }, { "contents": "Troubadour\n\n\nNicoletto da Torino, Peire Raimon de Tolosa, Peire Rogier, Peire de Valeira, Peirol, Pistoleta, Perdigon, Salh d'Escola, Uc de la Bacalaria, Uc Brunet, and Uc de Saint Circ were jongleur-troubadours. A \"vida\" is a brief prose biography, written in Occitan, of a troubadour. The word \"vida\" means \"life\" in Occitan. In the chansonniers, the manuscript collections of medieval troubadour poetry, the works of a particular author are often accompanied by a short prose biography.", "id": "16794140" }, { "contents": "Peire de la Caravana\n\n\nas 1225, when the city-states of northern Italy renewed the old Lombard League in opposition to Henry's son, Frederick I of Sicily, Holy Roman Emperor. Writing in Lombardy in the Occitan tongue under the nominal sovereignty of the German monarch, Peire took the opportunity to poke fun at the German language, writing in a famously debated passage: \"Granoglas resembla\" [\"la gent d'Alemanha\"]br \"En dir\"(\"e\"): Broder, guaz;br \"Lairan, quant s'asemblabr \"Cum cans enrabjaz\".brbr Frogs resemble [the people of", "id": "20349651" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\n. In his wanderings he may have spent some time at Cortezon, at the court of the minor nobleman and troubadour Raimbaut d'Aurenga. Peire lived a long into old age, and performed penance before dying. Peire wrote mostly \"cansos\", which, as his \"vida\" points out, were called \"vers\" in his day. He also invented the \"pious song\" and wrote six such poems dealing with serious themes of religion, piety, and spirituality. Even in his more profane works, however, one", "id": "6558331" }, { "contents": "Raymond Pilet d'Alès\n\n\nRaymond Pilet (Raymond de Narbonnne-Pelet) (1075-1120), the only child of Bernard I Pilet of Narbonne and his wife, whose name is unknown. Seigneur of Alès. Bernard was the son of Raymond II, Viscount of Narbone from 1066 to 1067. The name “pelet” refers to a fur that the nobility wore over their cuirass and coats-of-arms. Raymond distinguished himself as a great warrior during the First Crusade. Many of the chroniclers of the Crusades, including William of Tyre", "id": "10100689" }, { "contents": "Dalfi d'Alvernha\n\n\nGuillemette de Comborn, Countess of Montferrand, daughter of Archambaud, Viscount of Comborn, and Jourdaine of Périgord. Their children were Aélis, Guillaume (William, later Count of Clermont), Blanche, and Alix. Troubadours who worked with Dalfi or sang at his court include Peirol, Perdigon, Peire de Maensac, Gaucelm Faidit, and Uc de Saint Circ; his cousin, bishop Robert of Clermont, exchanged satirical and erotic verses with him, as did Richard Coeur de Lion. One \"partimen\" between Dauphin and Perdigon", "id": "11683786" }, { "contents": "Troubadour\n\n\nwhose style seems to have fallen out of favour, was the \"Gascon school\" of Cercamon, Peire de Valeira, and Guiraut de Calanso. Cercamon was said by his biographer to have composed in the \"old style\" (\"la uzansa antiga\") and Guiraut's songs were \"d'aquella saison\" (\"of that time\"). This style of poetry seems to be attached to early troubadours from Gascony and was characterised by references to nature: leaves, flowers, birds, and their songs. This Gascon", "id": "16794155" }, { "contents": "Aimeric de Belenoi\n\n\nAimeric de Belenoi (fl. 1215–1242) was a Gascon troubadour. At least fifteen of his songs survived. Seven others were attributed to him in some medieval manuscripts. Aimeric was born in the castle of Lesparra in the Bordelais (\"metropolis civitas Burdigalensium\", the modern Gironde). His uncle was another troubadour, Peire de Corbiac. His \"vida\" says he was a cleric and later a jongleur before he took to \"inventing good songs, which were beautiful and charming.\" He apparently was the feudal lord", "id": "15990224" }, { "contents": "Jaufre de Pons\n\n\nis a \"partimen\" with Guiraut Riquier (\"Guiraut Riquier, diatz me,\" composed probably 1270 or 1280–1). Jaufre's part in the debate consists in asking plain youthful questions about love only to receive the bitter and experienced answers of Guiraut in proverbial form. Jaufre was probably the husband of Isabeau, daughter of Henry II of Rodez, a patron of troubadours. In 1292 he rendered homage to the lord of Châteauroux. Some scholars have suspected that there were more than one Jaufre de Pons (one from the", "id": "20235204" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\nthe \"trobar braus\" as a legitimate format for \"rough\" themes. One anonymous song of the Fifth Crusade, \"Lo Senhre que formet lo tro\", written between Spring 1213 and July 1214 has been attributed to Peire d'Alvernhe, but the dating makes that impossible. In a \"tenso\" between a Bernart (probably Bernart de Ventadorn) and an unnamed Peire, perhaps Peire d'Alvernhe, the latter argues that \"it is not becoming for ladies to make love-pleas; it is fitting that men plead with", "id": "6558335" }, { "contents": "Peire Guillem de Tolosa\n\n\nsaid to have composed \"sirventes joglarescs\", or \"sirventes\" in the manner of joglars, in order to criticise \"the barons\" (presumably the high noblesse). He also wrote a work criticising the prolific trouvère Theobald I of Navarre. The troubadour Bertran Carbonel twice mentions another troubadour by the initials P.G., possibly indicating Peire Guilhem. He mourns a certain P.G. in a \"planh\", where the initials probably stand in the manuscript for a full name, since three syllables would be required by the metre.", "id": "15990054" }, { "contents": "Peire d'Alvernhe\n\n\nappearance and manners has been cited in support of the view that the parody was done in the presence of all twelve victims, further supporting the conclusion that the parody was good-natured. Besides the criticism of a personal nature, many of the criticism launched by Peire allude to the works of the others, notably those of Bernart de Ventadorn and Raimbaut d'Aurenga. Peire's \"vida\" acclaimed him an accomplished singer and the greatest composer of melodies for verses yet known. Peire's famous \"Chantarai d'aquest trobadors\" contains a", "id": "6558338" }, { "contents": "Peire de Corbiac\n\n\ncentury before its appearance in Latin as \"contrapunctus\", today's counterpoint. The \"Tezaur\" had a lasting influence in the Late Middle Ages. The Jew Emanuele da Roma wrote the \"Ninth Meḥabbereth\", a Hebrew poem based on the \"Tesoretto\" of Brunetto Latini, itself based on the \"Tezaur\" of Peire. Peire was a religious man, as the dedicatory first verse of his \"Tezaur\" attests: it contains a dedication to Jesus and Mary and a statement of Trinitarian faith. His prayer to", "id": "15078723" }, { "contents": "Amanieu de Sescars\n\n\nSicily, and 1291, when he inherited Aragon. Amanieu's second didactic work, the \"Ensenhamen de la donsela\" can be dated between 1291 and 1295 by a reference to James as King of Aragon and to the ongoing War of the Sicilian Vespers. It is addressed to an unnamed \"donsela\" (young woman) and is designed to teach her how to behave in courtly society and how to be respected. Amanieu's poetry is definitely influenced by Peire Vidal and also possibly by Arnaut de Maruelh. The later troubadour", "id": "7359304" } ]

[ { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\nInterstate 691 (I-691) is a portion of the Interstate Highway System in Connecticut beginning at Interstate 91 in Meriden and ending at Interstate 84 near the Cheshire-Southington town line. It is in length, including of the exit ramp to the merge with westbound I-84. I-691 is also known as the Henry D. Altobello Highway for its entire length. I-691 is the main east–west highway of the city of Meriden. The freeway actually begins in Middlefield as Route 66, technically becoming I-691 at the junction with I-91 (Exit", "id": "767379" }, { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\n11). However, westbound signage indicates I-691 begins at the start of the freeway (just west of Exit 13), while eastbound signage shows I-691 ending at the Route 15 interchange (at eastbound Exit 10 about west of the interchange with I-91). To go from I-91 northbound to I-691 westbound (or from I-691 eastbound to I-91 southbound), one must actually use Route 15. Exit 9 westbound provides access to Route 15 North. West of the I-91/Route 15 interchange, I-691 meets US 5, which provides", "id": "767380" }, { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\n66. The highway was extended west to Exit 4 by 1971. The connection to I-84 was eventually completed in 1987, with the renumbering to I-691 done at the same time. The portion east of I-91 remained as Route 66. Environmental and community groups successfully blocked attempts to extend the freeway east of its present terminus due to potential impacts on the Mt. Higby Reservoir, which provides drinking water for the local area. A compromise was reached in the late 1990s allowing CONNDOT to convert Route 66 from a 2-lane road to 4 lanes", "id": "767383" }, { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\nat Exit 4. It then crosses the Quinnipiac River into Cheshire, where it has an interchange with Route 10, then continues west to end at I-84 at the Southington/Cheshire town line. The highway officially ends as it merges into I-84 West. In the 1940s, the I-691 routing was part of a planned US 6A Expressway from Southington to Willimantic. A section of the expressway (from its Middlefield terminus west to Exit 8) first opened in 1966. By 1968, the US 6A designation was dropped in favor of Route", "id": "767382" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 66\n\n\nRoute 66 is a Connecticut state highway running from Meriden to Windham, serving as an alternate east–west route to US 6 through east-central Connecticut. Route 66 officially begins at I-91 in Meriden as the extension of I-691, which officially ends at its interchange with I-91. This freeway portion runs for about into the town of Middlefield, where it becomes a four lane surface road. In Middlefield, it has junctions with the northern end of Route 147, and the southern end of Route 217. It then enters Middletown", "id": "16691092" }, { "contents": "Interstate 91\n\n\nUS 5 begins at the first of its many interchanges with the freeway. Leaving New Haven, I-91 follows a northeastward trek into North Haven, where it meets the southern end of the Route 40 expressway. It travels through the eastern part of Wallingford before entering the eastern part of the city of Meriden. In Meriden, about halfway between Hartford and New Haven, I-91 sees a complex set of interchanges with the Wilbur Cross Parkway (Route 15), the Route 66 expressway, and its first spur route, I-691. I-691", "id": "8976770" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 15\n\n\nmore northeasterly in North Haven. Major junctions include the Milford Parkway (SR 796), a connector providing access to Interstate 95 and US 1 beginning just east of the Sikorsky Bridge; US 5 in Wallingford; and a complex set of interchanges in Meriden providing access to I-91, I-691, and the Route 66 expressway. The parkway ends about a mile north of I-691 as US 5 joins Route 15 and the road becomes a four-lane divided highway with signalized and at-grade intersections known as the Berlin Turnpike. After", "id": "14881517" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 66\n\n\nthe expressway from US 5 in Meriden to Middlefield (where the current expressway ends) opened to traffic. By 1968, the US 6A designation was removed and split into several routes. The section from I-84 in Southington to US 6 in Columbia was renumbered as Route 66, including the newly opened freeway segment. In 1971, another section of the Route 66 freeway opened from between Route 322 and US 5. In 1987, with the completion of the freeway connection to I-84, the section of Route 66 west of I-91 was", "id": "16691099" }, { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\naccess to Route 15 North for eastbound traffic. Exit 7 provides access to Downtown Meriden. Westbound traffic exits onto State Street Extension, while eastbound traffic enters onto Columbia Street. Exits 6 and 5 provide access to Route 71, as well as access to Westfield Meriden. Exit 6 exits to Lewis Avenue, while Exit 5 exits directly to Route 71. From here, I-691 passes along the north side of Hubbard Park as well as by Castle Craig before it crosses into Southington. It then meets the eastern end of Route 322", "id": "767381" }, { "contents": "Interstate 291 (Connecticut)\n\n\nInterstate 291 (I-291) is a short Interstate Highway in the state of Connecticut that starts at I-91 at its junction with Route 218 in Windsor and ends at I-84 in Manchester. It serves as a northeastern bypass of Hartford. The official length of I-291 is , including of the exit ramp to the merge with eastbound I-84. I-291 is also known as the Vietnam Veterans Memorial Highway for its entire length. I-291 begins at I-91 in Windsor at an interchange that also provides access to and from Route 218. Heading southeast, I-291", "id": "4834367" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 in Connecticut\n\n\ncity of Waterbury, where it intersects the Route 8 expressway and crosses the Naugatuck River on an elevated dual-decked viaduct known locally as The Mixmaster. After passing through Cheshire, I-84 intersects the western end of I-691 at the Cheshire–Southington town line, which is also the New Haven–Hartford county line. I-84 turns more northerly for a stretch to exit 31 (Route 229), which provides access to Lake Compounce Amusement Park and ESPN World Headquarters. The freeway heads more northeasterly to Plainville, where it has a", "id": "14727149" }, { "contents": "Interstate 384\n\n\nInterstate 384 (I-384) is an Interstate Highway located entirely within the state of Connecticut. It runs east to west, going from Interstate 84 in East Hartford to U.S. Route 6/U.S. Route 44 in Bolton. I-384 officially begins at I-84 eastbound Exit 59 at the East Hartford/Manchester town line, as the right 2 lanes of traffic split from the I-84 mainline. The highway can also be accessed from the I-84 eastbound HOV lane, and westbound I-384 traffic can also access the HOV lane on westbound I-84. Westbound I-84", "id": "10503364" }, { "contents": "Special routes of U.S. Route 6\n\n\n6A from Plymouth–Farmington, this became US 6A. This US 6A was subsequently extended through Meriden to Willimantic along modern Route 66. An expressway upgrade was planned for this US 6A. Only a portion of the highway was built and is now I-691. U.S. Route 6A (US 6A) between Coventry and Windham was designated when New England Interstate Route 3 (NE-3) was deleted. The route was swapped with the old US 6 in 1939 and finally deleted in 1942 when US 6A became Route 31. U.S. Route 6A (US", "id": "10795785" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 (Pennsylvania–Massachusetts)\n\n\nNew Milford. Route 6 leaves the interstate at the next exit, and I-84 continues east across the countryside. At Exit 11, it turns to the northeast and descends to cross the Housatonic River on the Rochambeau Bridge, into New Haven County. It then climbs onto higher ground to the city of Waterbury, which it passes on an elevated viaduct with the eastbound and westbound lanes on different levels. Here the CT 8 expressway intersects. The eastern heading continues past Waterbury to Milldale, where Interstate 691 splits off to the east", "id": "12185438" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 120\n\n\nRoute 120 is a state highway in Connecticut, running entirely in the town of Southington. It serves as a more direct connection between the town center of Southington and the city of Meriden. Route 120 begins at an intersection with Route 322 in southeastern Southington, just west of the Meriden city line and about from an interchange with I-691. It heads in a northwest direction, crossing Misery Brook about later, passing by the St. Thomas Cemetery, then intersecting with Route 364 after another . Route 120 ends at an intersection with Route", "id": "21983096" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 322\n\n\nmeets Route 10 at a grade separated intersection. It briefly crosses into Cheshire before crossing the Quinnipiac River and reentering southeastern Southington. It meets the southern end of Route 120 before ending at an interchange with I-691 near the Southington-Meriden town line. The road continues into Meriden as West Main Street. Route 322 was established in 1963, running from Route 69 to then US 6A (Meriden Road) in Wolcott. The year before becoming a signed route, Route 322 was taken over by the state and designated as unsigned SR", "id": "8420887" }, { "contents": "Interstate 91\n\n\n. As such, it is almost always heavily trafficked (especially during rush hour), and maintains at least three lanes in each direction through Connecticut except for a short portion in Hartford at the interchange with I-84 and in Meriden at the interchange with Route 15. The three cities also serve as Connecticut's control points along its length of the Interstate. I-91 begins just east of downtown New Haven at an interchange with I-95 (the Connecticut Turnpike), and Route 34. At the bottom of the ramp for exit 5,", "id": "8976769" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 66\n\n\nIt ran from the Milldale section of Southington, via Meriden and Middletown, to Willimantic. In the 1932 state highway renumbering, old Highway 111 was designated as part of Route 14, which extended from Woodbury to the Rhode Island state line. In 1941, the section of Route 14 from Woodbury to Willimantic was redesignated as US 6A, connecting at US 6 on both ends. In the early 1960s, plans for constructing a US 6A expressway between I-84 in Southington and Willimantic were announced. By 1966, a short portion of", "id": "16691098" }, { "contents": "Interstate 66\n\n\nfrom eastbound I-66 to the West Falls Church Metro station at the Leesburg Pike (Virginia State Route 7) interchange and will provide a new bridge for the W&OD Trail over Lee Highway (Virginia State Route 29). In Washington D.C., I-66 was planned to extend east of its current terminus along the North Leg of the Inner Loop freeway. I-66 would have also met the eastern terminus of a planned Interstate 266 at US 29, and the western terminus of the South Leg Freeway (I-695) at US 50; I-266 would", "id": "9038810" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 10\n\n\n. It then turns north onto Dixwell Avenue, and intersects the Wilbur Cross Parkway (Route 15) at Exit 60. In the center of Hamden, it turns onto Whitney Avenue. Proceeding northward, it encounters the northern end of the Route 40 freeway and the western end of Route 22 . In Cheshire, it meets the eastern end of Route 42, and has a brief triplex with Routes 68 and 70. At the north end of town is a junction with I-691 at Exit 3. It then enters Southington, where", "id": "16098035" }, { "contents": "Interstate 80 in Iowa\n\n\nthe east at the Jordan Creek Parkway exit. The highway adds a third lane eastbound and drops the third lane westbound. Almost to the east is the interchange with I-35, which also marks the beginning of I-235. Eastbound I-80 exits the freeway via a flyover ramp to northbound I-35; eastbound I-235 begins as the continuation of the I-80 freeway. Locally, this exit is called the West Mixmaster. I-80 shares the next with I-35 on a six-lane freeway where each direction's three lanes are separated by a Jersey barrier.", "id": "3837266" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 68\n\n\nto its junction with I-91 at Exit 15. After overpassing I-91 and passing a couple of business parks, Route 68 becomes a 2 lane road once again. It then enters Durham, where it passes the southern end of Route 157 before ending at Route 17 in the center of town. The road connecting Naugatuck and Cheshire was designated in 1922 as State Highway 325. In the 1932 state highway renumbering, former Highway 325 was renumbered to Route 68. The route was later extended east to Middlefield in 1966 along former SR 607", "id": "3645090" }, { "contents": "Interstate 480 (Nebraska–Iowa)\n\n\nLeavenworth neighborhood from the Old Market neighborhood. Shortly after the Leavenworth Street exit is the Harney Street exit, which provides access to U.S. Route 6 from eastbound I-480. before the North Freeway interchange, I-480 passes beneath Dodge and Douglas Streets, which are the westbound and eastbound lanes of U.S. 6, respectively. Just to the southwest of the Creighton University campus is the North Freeway interchange, where US 75 leaves eastbound I-480 and joins westbound. The North Freeway was originally planned to be an Interstate Highway, \"I-580\", connecting", "id": "10317788" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nExit 110 leading to the I-40 frontage road along the eastbound lanes, which suddenly becomes a divided highway named \"Route 66.\" The first intersection is a connecting road to the parts of the interchange with the eastbound on-ramp, as well as the frontage roads along the westbound lanes, leading to the western terminus of the business loop. Shortly after this is the barely paved Carson County Road BB. The divided highway ends just west of TX FM 295 and Carson County Road CC (Western Avenue), and gains", "id": "294168" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 in New York\n\n\n6 and 202 closely parallel I-84 to the north, between the freeway and one of the upper basins of East Branch Reservoir, part of New York City's water supply system. The northern terminus of NY 121 lets eastbound traffic on and westbound traffic off. Two miles (3.2 km) to the east, Signs appear for Saw Mill Road, exit 1 on Connecticut's stretch of I-84, and its ramps leave the highway just a hundred feet (30 m) before the state line. The route of I-84 through the", "id": "995373" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 34\n\n\nLegion Avenue, later becoming South Frontage Road (former Oak Street), while westbound Route 34 uses North Frontage Road. The eastbound section running along Legion Avenue and South Frontage Road (1.03 miles) is town-maintained. The corresponding westbound section along North Frontage Road is officially designated as State Road 706 but is signed as Route 34 West. Route 34 then continues along the Oak Street Connector, a six-lane freeway that connects to I-91 and I-95. The freeway portion has two westbound exits and three eastbound entrances,", "id": "5492586" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nfor BL-40, because south of this intersection is an approach to a westbound on-eastbound off wye interchange with I-40. Immediately after this intersection, BL-40 ends at an eastbound on-westbound off wye interchange with I-40. The Clinton business loop of Interstate 40 is the fourth business route of I-40 in Oklahoma, running from exit 65 to exit 69, although only part of the route runs along former US 66. The route begins at exit 65, which is an eastbound flyover with no re-entry, and a westbound", "id": "294183" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nand maintenance facility, and then leaves the frontage road at the on ramp to eastbound I-40, where it meets its terminus. The frontage roads along both sides of I-40 continue through three more interchanges before crossing the Texas-Oklahoma State Line. The Erick business loop of Interstate 40 is the first business route of I-40 in Oklahoma. It begins on exit 5 (Honeyfarm Drive) and runs south into North 1720th Road until that street ends at a four-lane divided highway known as East 1240th Road (former Route 66)", "id": "294176" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 542\n\n\nRoute 542 (also known as Ferguson Road) is a state road in northern Connecticut. It is contained inside the town of Vernon. It runs from Route 533 to Route 541. Route 542 begins at Route 543 (Tunnel Road) in the central portion of the town of Vernon. It then heads east for about before intersecting with exit 66 on Interstate 84 (I-84}. Only travelers on westbound I-84 can exit onto Route 542, and that travelers on Route 542 can only get onto westbound I-84. About from the", "id": "1160744" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 71\n\n\nas it intersects West Main Street. While southbound traffic may continue from West Main Street onto Cook Avenue, northbound traffic must turn right onto Hanover Street, then left onto South Grove Street, and left onto West Main Street to continue. Once reunited, Route 71 proceeds west on West Main Street before turning north onto Chamberlain Highway. It then crosses I-691 at Exit 5, with access to and from the west. It then crosses into Berlin, passing the eastern end of Route 364 before turning northeast as the Chamberlain Highway becomes", "id": "18857060" }, { "contents": "Interstate 91\n\n\nparallels the river, never more than from its shore. I-91 then enters the Hartford city limits. In Hartford, I-91 it has a set of interchanges with US 5/Route 15 (Wilbur Cross Highway), which provides access from I-91 north to I-84 east, and from I-84 west to I-91 south via the Charter Oak Bridge. I-91 then has an interchange with I-84, where all other movements to and from I-84 take place. Before leaving the city limits, an HOV lane begins that has its own set of interchanges", "id": "8976772" }, { "contents": "Interstate 210 (Louisiana)\n\n\nShip Channel. At the southeastern end of the bridge, the highway meets with exit 3, Prien Lake Road, eastbound. I-210 heads east through Lake Charles, turning 90 degrees at exit 8, LA 14/Gerstner Memorial Drive. The highway then heads north towards its eastern terminus with I-10 just east of Lake Charles. Though portions of the freeway run north-south, the entire route is signed east-west. All of I-210 is included as part of the National Highway System, a system of roadways important to", "id": "2671252" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 95 in California\n\n\nChemehuevi Mountains before entering the city of Needles after several miles. After passing the Needles Municipal Airport, US 95 merges onto I-40 westbound and continues through Needles on the freeway. US 95 exits from I-40 west of Needles and continues northwest to Searchlight Junction, where US 95 continues north at the junction with the old routing of US 66. The highway continues north, east of Homer Mountain, to the Nevada state line. US 95 is part of the California Freeway and Expressway System, and a small portion near I-10 and the", "id": "21402148" }, { "contents": "Interstate 66\n\n\nInterstate 66 (I-66) is an Interstate Highway in the eastern United States. As indicated by its even route number, it runs in an east–west direction. Its current western terminus is near Middletown, Virginia, at an interchange with I-81; its eastern terminus is in Washington, D.C., at an interchange with U.S. Route 29. Because of its terminus in the Shenandoah Valley, the highway was once called the \"Shenandoah Freeway.\" Much of the route parallels U.S. Route 29 or Virginia State Route 55. Interstate", "id": "9038774" }, { "contents": "Interstate 95 in Connecticut\n\n\nof around 150,000 throughout the entire length between the New York state line and the junction with I-91 in New Haven. The Turnpike intersects with several major expressways, namely US 7 at Exit 15 in Norwalk, Route 8 and Route 25 at Exit 27A in Bridgeport (quickest way to I-84 from southwest CT), the Merritt and Wilbur Cross Parkways at Exit 38 (via the Milford Parkway) in Milford, and Interstate 91 at Exit 48 in New Haven. North (east) of I-91, the Turnpike continues along the Connecticut", "id": "5620386" }, { "contents": "Missouri Route 96\n\n\nRoute 96 was redesignated as Route YY west of Route 171 when Kansas deleted the eastern part of K-96. Route 96 begins at a partial interchange with Interstate 44 (I-44) just west of Halltown (there is no access to westbound I-44 or from eastbound I-44). The highway is a two-lane road and is relatively straight all the way to Carthage. Approximately west of I-44 is the western terminus of Route 266. Approximately further west, Route 96 is joined by Historic Route 66. At Albatross, is an intersection", "id": "11824778" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nI-40, and the former segment of US 66 along the north side continues as one of the two I-40 frontage roads. The Amarillo business loop of Interstate 40 begins at I-40 exit 62A just west of Amarillo. The highway was formerly a business route for Route 66, being that highway's only bannered route in Texas. Bus. I-40 D is known locally as Amarillo Boulevard and is the longest buisness route of Interstate 40. Bus. I-40 D begins at Interstate 40 exit 62A just west of Amarillo near Cadillac Ranch. The", "id": "294164" }, { "contents": "Interstate 540 and North Carolina Highway 540\n\n\nto the Western Wake Freeway and future Southern and Eastern Wake Freeways. As of January 2013, the North Carolina state route traverses east–west from I-40, in Durham County to NC 55, in Holly Springs. Initially intended to be signed as an extension of the I-540 loop, the first section of the route bears mile markers and exit numbers for the complete Interstate loop, going from 66 to 69. In Mid-2012, this section of the beltway became part of the Triangle Expressway. No portion of I-540 is tolled.", "id": "6204061" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 229\n\n\nRoute 229 is a state highway in the western Greater Hartford area of the U.S. state of Connecticut. It runs north–south from Interstate 84 in Southington to U.S. Route 6 in Bristol. Along the way, it intersects Route 72 in the Forestville section of Bristol. Route 229 nominally begins at the end of the eastbound Exit 31 off-ramp of I-84 in western Southington, heading northward along West Street. State maintenance and the official southern end of Route 229 actually begins about south of the off-ramp. West Street", "id": "7429975" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nwhich focuses on the roads former status as Route 66. The commercial strip ends after a dirt road named North Tennessee Street. \"Route 66\" splits from East 12th Street at an intersection that's another connecting road to the eastbound off-ramp of Exit 164, the then runs over the overpass above I-40 to turn right at the frontage road along the westbound lanes leading to the western beginning of the business loop. Eastbound Business Interstate Route 40-J narrows down to a two-lane undivided highway before passing by a TxDOT construction", "id": "294175" }, { "contents": "Highway revolts in the United States\n\n\nInterstate 291 beltway west of Interstate 91, the proposed Interstate 484 expressway through the downtown, and the proposed Interstate 284 expressway between East Hartford and South Windsor, and Interstate 491 from Wethersfield to Manchester. After these freeways were cancelled, the State of Connecticut used the funds allocated for their construction to rebuild and expand existing freeways in the Greater Hartford area. In 1992 the Route 9 Expressway was extended north from I-91 in New Britain to Interstate 84 in Farmington, completing what would have been the southwest quadrant of the I-291 beltway;", "id": "256037" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 in Connecticut\n\n\nthe northern end of the Route 15 expressway, it inherits the Wilbur Cross Highway name for the rest of its length. From 1968 until 1984, the I-84 designation ended here, and the highway became I-86 for the rest of its length, as I-84 was once planned to be built east toward Providence, Rhode Island. I-84 intersects one of the remnants of the abandoned project, I-384, as part of a series of complex interchanges in Manchester including the end of the US 6 concurrency at exit 60, and a connection to", "id": "14727152" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nfrontage roads along the westbound lanes leading to the western beginning of the business loop, and an unorthodox roadside attraction known as the Leaning Tower of Texas. Business Interstate Route 40-F ends at the on ramp to eastbound I-40, as does the divided former US 66, which is converted back into the frontage road along the eastbound lanes of I-40. The McLean business loop of Interstate 40 runs from exit 141 to 143. Officially designated as Business Interstate 40-H by the Texas Department of Transportation, it begins at I-40 at an eastbound flyover", "id": "294170" }, { "contents": "Maryland Route 53\n\n\nstate highway then meets its northern terminus at an intersection with US 40 Alternate in La Vale. Access to westbound I-68 is provided a short distance to the east on US 40 Alternate. MD 53 is part of US 220 Truck, which provides access from Interstate 68 (I-68) west of La Vale to southbound US 220 for trucks due to a truck prohibition on the eastbound exit ramp for I-68's interchange with US 220. The state highway is part of the main National Highway System from US 220 to I-68; in addition", "id": "11898711" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 84\n\n\nend street at the truck stop along the aforementioned frontage road. Interstate 84 Business was a business loop of I-84 along in Morgan, Utah. It ran north along Utah State Route 66 at Exit 103 (State Street) to East 600th Street running along the north side of I-84 until the former westbound-off-ramp and eastbound on-ramp that was once westbound Exit 103 until the mid-1990s. Interstate 84 Business was a business loop of I-84 along in Henefer, Utah. It ran southeast along the southwest side of I-84", "id": "6061978" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 5 in Connecticut\n\n\nStreet becomes Broad Street after the intersection with Hall Avenue as it passes by the eastern part of the city, avoiding the downtown area. Past Olive Street, the road becomes divided with a wide grassy median. At the north end of the divided section, it has an intersection with East Main Street, the main east–west business route through the city. About north of East Main Street, US 5 has an interchange with I-691 (at exit 8). At the intersection with Brittania Street, the road becomes North Broad", "id": "5428414" }, { "contents": "Interstate 91\n\n\nthe river can also be easily accessed in this stretch. At exit 19 is the northern terminus of I-93, a major interstate highway in New England, which provides a direct route south through the White Mountains and to almost all major cities in New Hampshire. Just after exit 19, there are three exits for St. Johnsbury, including a major intersection with US 2. Along westbound US 2, the capital of Vermont, Montpelier, is eventually reached from I-91, although I-89 provides Montpelier with immediate Interstate access. I-91 continues northward", "id": "8976783" }, { "contents": "Massachusetts Turnpike\n\n\nand the seventh-longest gap between exits in the entire Interstate Highway System. The highest elevation on the turnpike exists in The Berkshires, reaching above sea level in Becket; this point is also the highest elevation on I-90 east of South Dakota. Beyond the peak elevation and between the exits, an eastbound runaway truck ramp exists in Russell. The turnpike has an interchange with I-91 and US 5 at exit 4 in West Springfield; it passes over the Connecticut River before reaching Route 33 at exit 5 and I-291 at exit 6", "id": "8595595" }, { "contents": "County Route 66 (California)\n\n\ncrossing paths with the freeway again at Fenner, before heading east on Goffs Road to the junction with US 95. Next, CR 66 cosigns along US 95 south to the junction with I-40, where both the US and county routes cosign with I-40 heading east towards Needles. CR 66 exits the freeway at River Road Cutoff, where it immediately turns onto National Trails Highway after exiting. The route follows National Trails Highway to its end on River Road, then begins its southeast journey into downtown Needles. After an interchange with I-40", "id": "21979064" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 (Pennsylvania–Massachusetts)\n\n\n. This section has many left-hand exits and entrances and sharp curves, which were built for a planned network of freeways. I-84 heads northeast towards New Britain and Hartford, the state capital and the largest community along its eastern length. After intersecting Interstate 91, the road crosses the Connecticut River on the Bulkeley Bridge, oldest on the Interstate system, then becomes the Wilbur Cross Highway and continues towards the northeast. The last exit in Connecticut is Exit 74, an exit for Route 171. I-84 crosses the Massachusetts border", "id": "12185439" }, { "contents": "Rhode Island Route 4\n\n\n. After exit 7, Route 4 continues northward as a six-lane expressway, passing farmlands to the west and entering a suburban region of East Greenwich. The highway crosses under an overpass at Middle Road before interchanging with Route 401, the freeway's final spur, at another partial cloverleaf interchange. Exit 8 is also used to access Route 2 and I-95 south, which has no direct freeway connection with Route 4 north. Shortly after exit 8, the Route 4 designation ends and the mainline of the highway defaults onto I-95", "id": "14737226" }, { "contents": "Cromwell, Connecticut\n\n\nis land and (4.03%) is water. A major north/south highway, Interstate 91, with two Cromwell exits, runs through the Town. The Central Connecticut Expressway (Route 9), opened at the end of 1989, enhances the Town's location as it connects I-95 in Old Saybrook, I-91 in Cromwell and I-84, the State's major east/west highway in New Britain. As of the census of 2010, there were 14,005 people, 5,212 households, and 3,262 families residing in the town.", "id": "17977773" }, { "contents": "Interstate 190 (South Dakota)\n\n\n16 westbound goes east on Omaha Street and eastbound runs north concurrently with I-190. I-190 then becomes a freeway, with an exit to North Street. I-190 then passes under Anamosa Street before an on-ramp from the northbound lanes of West Boulevard. Both US 16 and I-190 then terminate at a trumpet interchange with I-90/US 14/SD 79. Legally, the route of I-190 is defined at South Dakota Codified Laws § 31-4-203. I-190 was opened in 1962 to connect Rapid City to the recently completed", "id": "2672231" }, { "contents": "Interstate 210 and State Route 210 (California)\n\n\nfor the interchange between State Route 57 and the Foothill Freeway, Interstate 210. The \"curve\" portion refers to the interchange from the northbound lanes of State Route 57 to the westbound lanes of I-210, and from the eastbound lanes of I-210 to the southbound lanes of State Route 57. The origin of the name comes from its location in the city of Glendora. Prior to 2002, this interchange was entirely part of I-210, and the eastern terminus of I-210 ended several miles south of the curve at the Kellogg Interchange at", "id": "2671217" }, { "contents": "Interstate 78 in New Jersey\n\n\nEntering more commercial areas, Route 173 merges onto I-78/US 22 at exit 13. At exit 15, the highway interchanges with CR 513, and Route 173 splits from I-78/US 22 by heading north on CR 513. At this point, the freeway enters Franklin Township briefly at exit 15 and then enters Clinton where it crosses the South Branch Raritan River. I-78/US 22 turns northeast and leaves Clinton for Clinton Township, where it has an eastbound exit and westbound entrance for Route 173 that also provides access to", "id": "16353900" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 15\n\n\nlimits, the business route veers onto Center Street and follows that through the center of town. At the north end of the city, I-15 Bus. turns west and runs concurrently with US 30 to its northern end at I-15 Exit 47. Interstate 15 Business runs for exactly through Inkom in northern Bannock County. I-15 Bus. mostly follows Old Highway 91 between Exits 57 and 58, a pair of partial interchanges. Interstate 15 Business spans through Pocatello in northern Bannock County. I-15 Bus. begins at I-15 Exit 67, where", "id": "15434019" }, { "contents": "Interstate 10 in California\n\n\nI-10 down Interstate 5 between the East LA Interchange and the Santa Monica Freeway, negating a section of the San Bernardino Freeway west of I-5. This short section of Route 10 between Route 5 and Route 101, which was formerly defined as Route 110 (signed as Interstate 110) until 1968, is signed overhead for I-10 eastbound and for U.S. 101 westbound. This I-5/I-10 cosigning is consistent with the Federal Highway Administration's Interstate Highway route logs that such an overlap exists for the segment of I-10 in California. I-10 is", "id": "10298840" }, { "contents": "Nevada State Route 425\n\n\ncenter of Verdi, then southeast to its terminus at the I-80 East Verdi interchange (Exit 5). Although designated a state route and an Interstate business route, there are no route shields posted along the highway itself. The I-80 business route extends beyond the end of SR 425. From the highway's western terminus, I-80 Business follows Gold Ranch Road an additional south to end at an I-80 westbound onramp. The highway originally carried State Route 1 and later U.S. Route 40 on its trek west from Reno over Donner Pass towards", "id": "5840323" }, { "contents": "Interstate 516\n\n\ncurrent western terminus of I-516. In 1985, the entire highway from its then-current western terminus at Burnsed Blvd to Montgomery Street was designated as I-516. The freeway portion was extended westward to the interchange with SR 25 (Burnsed Blvd) and eastward to the current eastern terminus. Also US 17/SR 25 and US 80/SR 26 were re-routed along the freeway, from the West Bay Street exit to the Ogeechee Road exit. In 1995, US 17 had a major re-routing through the city", "id": "10860994" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 15\n\n\nState Route 28. Interstate 15 Business is a Business loop of Interstate 15 in Bringham City, and is also concurrent with Business Loop 84. It runs from an interchange at Exit 362 on I-15/84 at first along U.S. Route 91 to the intersection with U.S. Route 89 and UT 13. US 91 continues east along US 89, while BL 15/84 turns left to go north along UT 13 (South Main Street). Further in town, the road serves as the west end of Utah State Route 90. At Forest Street,", "id": "15434015" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 95 in Nevada\n\n\nthe Henderson Spaghetti Bowl (also known as the Hender-Bender) interchange of Interstate 215 and SR 564 and Interstate 515 begins. The freeway then heads west into Downtown Las Vegas, where it intersects Interstate 15. At the Spaghetti Bowl interchange, US 93 follows I-15 northbound and I-515 ends. US 95 heads west, then north at the Rainbow Curve. The freeway portion then ends at Corn Creek Road northwest of the Las Vegas Valley and then it becomes a brief four-lane divided highway. US 95 exits Clark County", "id": "7359006" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 15\n\n\nwhen it turns east onto Alameda Road, which becomes Pocatello Creek Road when it veers northeast to the business route's terminus at I-15 Exit 71. Interstate 15 Business has a length of through Blackfoot in central Bingham County. I-15 Bus. begins at I-15 Exit 89 near the northern end of the Fort Hall Indian Reservation and follows US 91 northeast parallel to the Union Pacific Railroad. The highways cross the Blackfoot River into the city of Blackfoot along Broadway Street. In downtown Blackfoot, the routes veer onto Main Street, then I-15", "id": "15434021" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 50 in Maryland\n\n\neastbound exit. Following this interchange, US 50 passes office parks and industrial development in New Carrollton. The highway reaches a hybrid turbine interchange with I-95/I-495, the Capital Beltway. At the I-95/I-495 interchange, the US 50 freeway becomes part of the Interstate Highway System as I-595, which is an unsigned highway. The road heads east as an ten-lane freeway, with the left lane in each direction designated as a high-occupancy vehicle lane (HOV lane). The freeway passes near residential development and", "id": "21110676" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nloop of Interstate 40 is the third business route of I-40 in Oklahoma. It runs northeast along former US 66 from eastbound exit 32 and turns east after the beginning of an overlap with OK 6 that runs along the route until OK 6 turns south at North Main Street. From there it snakes through the northeastern part of the city and after the intersection with OK 34 finally terminates with I-40 at westbound exit 41. The route begins at a left exit in a wye interchange with Interstate 40, which also serves as a connection", "id": "294180" }, { "contents": "Iowa Highway 330\n\n\nused as a connector between Des Moines and the Waterloo–Cedar Falls area. Iowa 330 begins at an interchange with Interstate 80 (I-80), U.S. Route 6 (US 6), and US 65 in Altoona. The I-80 freeway runs east–west; US 6 comes up from the southwest along Hubbell Avenue and joins eastbound I-80 while US 65 exits eastbound I-80 and turns onto Hubbell heading northeast. For the first of its routing, Iowa 330 shares the same roadway with US 65. The two routes head northeast on", "id": "10381823" }, { "contents": "Interstate 180 (Pennsylvania)\n\n\nat an interchange with U.S. Route 15 and U.S. Route 220. The highway begins its signage, concurrent along these routes. At exit 27A, US 15 leaves the overlap running south across the Carl E. Stotz Memorial Little League Bridge and I-180 continues eastward, still concurrent with US 220 northbound. From there, I-180 runs along the West Branch Susquehanna River until the highway reaches the eastern suburbs of Williamsport, where US 220 leaves the Interstate via exit 15. From US 220 to the eastern terminus, I-180 is aligned north–south", "id": "4494305" }, { "contents": "Interstate 76 (Ohio–New Jersey)\n\n\nJersey. After I-76 reaches its eastern terminus, the freeway continues as Route 42 and the Atlantic City Expressway to Atlantic City. I-76 begins at I-71 at exit 209, east of Lodi, Ohio; U.S. Route 224 (US 224) continues west from the end of I-76. The interchange was previously a double trumpet, but was reconstructed in 2010. Officially, I-76 begins at the beginning of the ramp from I-71 north; it merges with US 224 at mile 0.61. After passing through rural Medina County, I-76 enters Summit", "id": "12185505" }, { "contents": "Interstate 215 (Utah)\n\n\ninterchange features a grade-separated ramp from northbound 2000 East to eastbound I-215. Past this junction, another interchange at Union Park Avenue appears. Another grade-separated ramp from Union Park Avenue is present. The freeway enters Murray as an interchange serving westbound motorists connects to 280 East and State Street (U.S. Route 89, or US-89). Eastbound travelers connect to State Street further west at a separate exit. The road turns northwest for a short time to approach a junction at I-15 (often called the South Interchange).", "id": "9551591" }, { "contents": "List of state routes in Connecticut\n\n\n. Routes are signed state highways and are assigned numbers from 1 to 399 (with the exception of I-684 and I-691). All state, U.S. and Interstate highways are part of the same numbering system. In 1926, the U.S. highway system was implemented. U.S. Routes 1, 5, 6, and 7 were used as designations on several primary state highways, replacing New England routes 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. The other New England routes that were not re-designated as U.S. routes became ordinary", "id": "5492536" }, { "contents": "Interstate 291 (Massachusetts)\n\n\ndirectly through highly populated areas of Springfield, and passes under several overpasses. From its southwestern terminus to exit 5A, Interstate 291 is concurrent with U.S. Route 20. I-291 is only from Interstate 291 in Connecticut, and there are no intervening Interstate Highway interchanges between them. It can be easy for travelers to become confused between the two highways. Interstate 291 begins as a spur of Interstate 91 at Exit 8 in Springfield, concurrent with U.S. 20, which merges from the north. The two entry ramps from I-91 merge with each", "id": "1778230" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 15\n\n\nprovides access to the end of the Sprinter commuter train line. Shortly thereafter, I-15 Business intersects County Route S14, and then interchanges with State Route 78. The interchange is the last interchange on the 78 before its freeway status ends, and there are only ramps for a westbound entrance or eastbound exit. Continuing north, I-15 Business intersects with El Norte Parkway, a major arterial road, before reconnecting with Interstate 15 at I-15 exit 34 near the northern city limits of Escondido. Though the street itself continues northward well on into", "id": "15434009" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 9\n\n\nSaybrook to I-91 in Cromwell is known as the \"Chester Bowles Highway\". The section from I-91 in Cromwell to Exit 24 in Berlin is known as the \"Korean War Veterans Memorial Highway\". The section from Route 72 in New Britain to Route 175 in Newington is known as the \"Taras Shevchenko Expressway\". The section from Route 175 in Newington to the junction with I-84 is known as the \"Iwo Jima Memorial Expressway\". The road connecting Deep River (then known as Saybrook) and Wethersfield along the west", "id": "15881247" }, { "contents": "Colorado State Highway 74\n\n\nthe Evergreen Parkway segment to four lanes and constructing an interchange with I-70. SH 74 begins at an interchange with I-70 in El Rancho. Ramps from I-70 westbound branch off the freeway's exit 252 from the north side and cross the highway southwestward. Access to SH 74 from I-70 eastbound is provided via U.S. Highway 40 (US 40) a slight distance to the west. From I-70, the roadway heads southwesterly through El Rancho, meeting an intersection with US 40 (Swede Gulch Road). The route heads westward before turning", "id": "12873578" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 84\n\n\nsoutheast corner of that intersection, and the contemporary but still traditional Brigham City Utah Temple on the southwest corner. UT 13 ends at the southern terminus of the overlap of US 89/91, and BL-15/84 makes a sharp right turn along southbound US 91, while South Main Street is taken over by southbound US 89. US 91/BL-15/84 runs west along West 1100th Street South. BL-15/84 ends at Exit 362, a diverging diamond interchange with I-15/84, while West 1100th Street South continues into the I-15 frontage road, and becomes a dead", "id": "6061977" }, { "contents": "Interstate 384\n\n\naccess to I-384 is provided through a complex interchange that also provides access from Pleasant Valley Road near Buckland Hills Mall and from I-291. I-384's first exit is for Spencer Street. The eastbound ramp is on the I-384 mainline, while the westbound ramp comes from a split in the I-84 interchange ramp. Just east of the Spencer Street overpass, the ramp from westbound I-84 joins the I-384 mainline and the HOV lane becomes a conventional lane. I-384 continues along the southern part of Manchester. It has one interchange before it intersects Route", "id": "10503365" }, { "contents": "Interstate 78 in New Jersey\n\n\ninto Springfield Township. The freeway passes near First Watchung Mountain before coming to the Route 24 interchange, where suburban development becomes more dense. At Route 24, I-78 divides into local and express lanes, with three express and three local lanes eastbound and two express and three local lanes westbound. In this section of the highway, most access is via the local lanes, though the next exit for Route 124 includes a direct westbound onramp to the express lanes. Before Route 124, I-78 briefly runs east through Millburn in Essex County", "id": "16353906" }, { "contents": "California State Route 237\n\n\n85. Westbound traffic can connect to Route 85 southbound, but the eastbound traffic connection to Route 85 northbound is labeled as an exit for U.S. 101. Route 237 intersects with Highway 101 at the southern corner of Moffett Field. After this intersection, a carpool lane is added, for a total of three lanes in either direction. It remains like this until the east end of the freeway at Interstate 880, where most eastbound traffic is directed to northbound I-880. The route then becomes a city street (an arterial road)", "id": "9003349" }, { "contents": "Massachusetts Route 141\n\n\nas Easthampton Road, crossing roads south of Mount Tom. Crossing through the Rock Valley section of Holyoke, the highway passes south of the Whiting Reservoir and Wyckoff Country Club, entering the Smiths Valley section. Through Smiths Valley, Route 141 runs southeast through a residential neighborhood, reaching a ramp to Interstate 91 southbound (I-91 exit 17). After another turn, the route crosses into a trumpet interchange with I-91 northbound, becoming a one-way couplet through downtown Holyoke. Route 141 eastbound runs along Dwight Street while Route 141", "id": "2532205" }, { "contents": "Interstate 295 (Delaware–Pennsylvania)\n\n\nof Penndel. Following this interchange, the freeway runs south-southeast near suburban residential areas as it heads west of Levittown. I-295 enters Bristol Township and terminates at an interchange with I-95 at I-276 (Pennsylvania Turnpike). At this interchange, I-295 merges into southbound I-95, with access from westbound I-295 to southbound I-95 and from northbound I-95 to eastbound I-295; there are no ramps connecting I-295 and the Pennsylvania Turnpike. In the 1927 New Jersey state highway renumbering, Route 39 was legislated to begin at the Yardley–Wilburtha Bridge", "id": "9627779" }, { "contents": "James River Freeway\n\n\n. The portion of the James River Freeway between I-44 and the interchange with US 60 and Route 413 is designated as Route 360. Other than its endpoints, there is only one interchange on the route: Route MM in Brookline (now part of Republic). Exit markers for the highway mark the road as the James River Freeway and have no control cities, only \"To Route 60\" eastbound and \"To I-44\" westbound. The control cities between US 60 and US 65 are Republic westbound and Rogersville eastbound. At", "id": "6615288" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 6 in Rhode Island\n\n\nturns south on the I-295 collector/distributor roads to the west end of that freeway. The south interchange of US 6 and I-295 has numerous ramp stubs once intended for a western continuation of the Roberts Expressway as Interstate 84. The six-lane Roberts Expressway has interchanges with Route 5, U.S. Route 6A, Route 128, and US 6A again on its way to Olneyville. It crosses from Johnston into Providence just west of the bridge over Route 128. At the second US 6A interchange, the older Olneyville Bypass begins,", "id": "21794194" }, { "contents": "Flatbush Avenue Connector\n\n\nstate proposed the corridor as the Cedar Ridge Connector with no number, leading from its current terminus at I-84 to U.S. 5/Route 15 in Wethersfield. The short expressway planned to include an interchange with a planned but cancelled Route 71 expressway leading to New Britain. Circa 2015, the viaduct carrying the northbound ramp to Eastbound I-84 was removed, and a new alignment adjacent to the southbound off ramp from Westbound I-84 was built. Exit 45 is currently an incomplete interchange, with ramps only for I-84 westbound to SR 504 (left", "id": "5839909" }, { "contents": "Interstate 195 (New Jersey)\n\n\ndesignation west and south, along existing I-95 instead. I-195's western terminus is at a modified cloverleaf interchange with I-295 in Hamilton Township, Mercer County, located southeast of the city of Trenton. From this end, the freeway continues north into Trenton as Route 29. I-195 serves as the southern continuation of Route 29, continuing east from I-295 as a six-lane expressway, passing between suburban neighborhoods to the north and the Crosswicks Creek to the south. After the exit for US 206, the highway narrows to four lanes", "id": "14760197" }, { "contents": "Massachusetts Route 25\n\n\nRoute 25 west mainline onto Route 495 north, with the right-hand lane serving I-195 via Exit 1. From I-195, Route 25 east is accessible via Exit 22A; I-195 terminates at the interchange. Interstate 495 also terminates at its junction with Route 25; the two southbound lanes of I-495 default onto Route 25 east. After the interchange with I-195 and I-495, Route 25 begins to head in a southeastern direction into the town of Wareham as a six-lane freeway. The route passes under Tihonet Road and through Maple", "id": "18239659" }, { "contents": "California State Route 56\n\n\ncompleted in 1995 after several lawsuits filed by the Sierra Club and other community groups. The two ends were not connected until the middle portion of the freeway was completed in 2004. The delay was largely due to funding issues and environmental concerns. Eastbound SR 56 begins as a ramp from the northbound I-5's local bypass lanes. The interchange is not complete; southbound I-5 traffic must exit to Carmel Valley Road before entering SR 56. Westbound traffic on SR 56 merges into the southbound I-5 local bypass lanes, which provide access to", "id": "2729277" }, { "contents": "Utah State Route 161\n\n\nState Route 161 (SR-161) is a long state highway, designated as a rural major connector, completely within Millard County in central Utah. The highway connects Interstate 70 (I-70) to I-15 while providing service to historic Cove Fort. The route was once part of U.S. Route 91 (US-91), but was renumbered to SR-161 in the 1970s, in parallel with the construction of I-70. Located entirely in southeastern Millard County, SR-161 starts at a diamond interchange with the westernmost exit on I-70 before it terminates at I-15.", "id": "14472451" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 in Connecticut\n\n\nbrief concurrency with Route 72 to the New Britain city line. From the Route 72 junction through Farmington, West Hartford, and into Hartford, I-84 has many left-hand exits and entrances and sharp curves, which were built for a planned network of freeways. In Farmington, US 6 joins I-84 once again at exit 38, and both meet the northern end of the Route 9 expressway at a half-used multi-level stack interchange that was originally planned to be part of the mostly-cancelled I-291 Hartford Beltway.", "id": "14727150" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 40\n\n\nan interchange. Route 40 begins from northbound I-91 in North Haven as the Exit 10 off-ramp. The designation runs for along the exit ramp. The expressway then proceeds northwest and is joined by on-ramps from Bailey Road and southbound I-91. The I-91 interchange includes an overpass over the Quinnipiac River and railroad tracks. About past the I-91 interchange, the road crosses over another set of railroad tracks, then has an interchange with U.S. Route 5. Access to and from US 5 is via Dixwell Avenue (SR 717", "id": "15644232" }, { "contents": "Interstate 695 (District of Columbia)\n\n\nsome remaining \"To I-395\" signage can still be found along I-695 westbound. The new signs designate I-695 as extending from the point where I-395 branches off from the Southeast Freeway, with I-695 continuing along the Southeast Freeway and over the new 11th Street Bridge to the interchange with I-295. However, some commentators contend the new signage is confusing and that the Southeast Freeway is often confused with Baltimore's Beltway, a highway with the same route designation. The entire route is in Washington, D.C. Exits were unnumbered until July 2014.", "id": "13815020" }, { "contents": "California State Route 91\n\n\nState Route 91 (SR 91) is a major east–west state highway in the U.S. state of California that serves several regions of the Greater Los Angeles urban area. A freeway throughout its entire length, it officially runs from Vermont Avenue in Gardena, just west of the junction with the Harbor Freeway (Interstate 110, I-110), east to Riverside at the junction with the Pomona (SR 60 west of SR 91) and Moreno Valley (SR 60 and I-215 east of SR 91) freeways. Though signs along", "id": "4945631" }, { "contents": "Tennessee State Route 182\n\n\nState Route 182 (abbreviated SR 182) is a secondary state highway in western Dyer County, Tennessee. This route is primarily rural in nature throughout its length. The first of SR 182 from its southern terminus with SR 104 to Interstate 155 is a modern two-lane facility with a speed limit. I-155 ended at Exit 7 during the 1970s and this section of SR 182 also served as a temporary link to SR 104 for eastbound motorists until the freeway was completed to Exit 15. SR 182 north of I-155 to its", "id": "12693771" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 4 in New Hampshire\n\n\nI-93 southbound, and runs along the freeway until Exit 15E in Concord. At this interchange, US-4 leaves I-93 and joins Interstate 393 and U.S. Route 202 which run eastbound out of the city. The two U.S. routes overlap I-393 to its terminus in the northern corner of Pembroke. I-393 then ends, and US-4/US-202 merge onto Route 9 eastbound through Chichester and into Epsom. The road crosses Route 28 at the Epsom Traffic Circle, then continues east and intersects Route 107, forming a long four-route concurrency into Northwood", "id": "19470164" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 9\n\n\nriver, it passes through the towns of Essex, Deep River, Chester, Haddam, and Middletown). After its junction with Interstate 91 in Cromwell, Route 9 continues westward then northward, running through the Hartford area towns/cities of Berlin, New Britain, Newington, and Farmington. At the junction with I-84/US 6 near the Farmington - West Hartford town line, Route 9 follows the ramps for eastbound I-84 and ends at the merge with I-84 immediately after crossing the town line. Route 9 has a non", "id": "15881245" }, { "contents": "Maryland Route 32\n\n\nCSX line) and several industrial parks in Annapolis Junction. MD 32 continues northwest into Savage, where the highway has a cloverleaf interchange with US 1 (Washington Boulevard) that includes collector-distributor lanes in both directions. North of Savage, the freeway has a partial cloverleaf interchange with I-95 that has a pair of left-exiting ramps from westbound MD 32 to southbound I-95 and from eastbound MD 32 to northbound I-95; because of these left exits, I-95 is configured differently in that its southbound lanes pass under MD 32 and", "id": "8470347" }, { "contents": "Interstate 95 in Massachusetts\n\n\nto eight lanes. Then the highway passes through Newton, then enters Weston and has a large interchange with the Massachusetts Turnpike (I-90) that provides connections to nearby Route 30. There is a fourth lane after the interchange with Route 9. Exits 23, 24, and 25 are one combined exit northbound. I-95 and Route 128 are due west of Boston at this point and begin to turn to the northeast, serving the city of Waltham and the town of Lexington along the way. The freeway has an interchange with Route", "id": "18993893" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 372\n\n\nthe Mattabesset River, intersecting I-91 at Exit 21. It then widens to 4 lanes, and intersects the northern end of Route 217. Farther east, it crosses Route 3 before meeting Route 9 once again at Exit 19. It then turns southeast to at an intersection with Route 99 at the Cromwell town center. Route 72 was established in the 1932 state highway renumbering between Route 66 in Middletown and Route 10 Plainville. By the beginning of 1963, after the implementation of the 1962 Route Reclassification Act, Route 72 was extended", "id": "8495485" }, { "contents": "Interstate 664\n\n\nhas a connection to Portsmouth through Virginia State Route 164 (SR 164) and to Suffolk via U.S. Route 13, US 58, and US 460. I-664 begins at a full Y interchange with I-64 and I-264 that serves as the terminus of all three Interstates in the Bowers Hill section of the city of Chesapeake. I-64 heads southeast as a continuation of the Hampton Roads Beltway through Chesapeake while I-264 heads east toward Portsmouth and Norfolk. I-664 heads west as an eight-lane freeway that has a southbound-only exit ramp to", "id": "13145352" }, { "contents": "Virginia State Route 194\n\n\ncloverleaf interchange with I-64 (Hampton Roads Beltway) that only contains ramps in the northeast and southwest quadrants of the interchange. Northbound SR 194 has an exit ramp to and an entrance ramp from westbound I-64. Southbound SR 194 has an exit ramp to and an entrance ramp from eastbound I-64. The missing connections with I-64 are made via SR 247 to the south and SR 165 (Little Creek Road) to the north of the Interstate. North of SR 165, SR 194 becomes a four-lane divided highway north to its", "id": "19152409" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nalphabetic values to allow for future system expansion. The alphabetic naming suffixes are included as small letters on the bottom of reassurance shields. The Glenrio business spur of Interstate 40 begins at I-40 on exit 0 just east of the New Mexico-Texas state line. The highway runs south from the interchange towards Former route 66, then turns west along that decommissioned route where it terminates at the Texas-New Mexico State Line. The Adrian business loop of Interstate 40 begins at I-40 at exit 22 and runs along Former route 66 to", "id": "294158" }, { "contents": "Vermont Route 103\n\n\nand slightly better road across the Green Mountains to Rutland, it is a direct east–west road intersecting Interstate 91 significantly north of the diagonal 103. Numerous proposals to widen 103 into a two-lane freeway or similar limited-access roadway have failed, even though a substantial power company right of way shadows the road for much of its length. VT 103 begins at U.S. Route 5 in Rockingham just east of Interstate 91 and just north of Bellows Falls. From there, it interchanges with I-91 at exit 6 and proceeds", "id": "13506058" } ]

[ { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\nInterstate 691 (I-691) is a portion of the Interstate Highway System in Connecticut beginning at Interstate 91 in Meriden and ending at Interstate 84 near the Cheshire-Southington town line. It is in length, including of the exit ramp to the merge with westbound I-84. I-691 is also known as the Henry D. Altobello Highway for its entire length. I-691 is the main east–west highway of the city of Meriden. The freeway actually begins in Middlefield as Route 66, technically becoming I-691 at the junction with I-91 (Exit", "id": "767379" }, { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\n11). However, westbound signage indicates I-691 begins at the start of the freeway (just west of Exit 13), while eastbound signage shows I-691 ending at the Route 15 interchange (at eastbound Exit 10 about west of the interchange with I-91). To go from I-91 northbound to I-691 westbound (or from I-691 eastbound to I-91 southbound), one must actually use Route 15. Exit 9 westbound provides access to Route 15 North. West of the I-91/Route 15 interchange, I-691 meets US 5, which provides", "id": "767380" }, { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\n66. The highway was extended west to Exit 4 by 1971. The connection to I-84 was eventually completed in 1987, with the renumbering to I-691 done at the same time. The portion east of I-91 remained as Route 66. Environmental and community groups successfully blocked attempts to extend the freeway east of its present terminus due to potential impacts on the Mt. Higby Reservoir, which provides drinking water for the local area. A compromise was reached in the late 1990s allowing CONNDOT to convert Route 66 from a 2-lane road to 4 lanes", "id": "767383" }, { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\nat Exit 4. It then crosses the Quinnipiac River into Cheshire, where it has an interchange with Route 10, then continues west to end at I-84 at the Southington/Cheshire town line. The highway officially ends as it merges into I-84 West. In the 1940s, the I-691 routing was part of a planned US 6A Expressway from Southington to Willimantic. A section of the expressway (from its Middlefield terminus west to Exit 8) first opened in 1966. By 1968, the US 6A designation was dropped in favor of Route", "id": "767382" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 66\n\n\nRoute 66 is a Connecticut state highway running from Meriden to Windham, serving as an alternate east–west route to US 6 through east-central Connecticut. Route 66 officially begins at I-91 in Meriden as the extension of I-691, which officially ends at its interchange with I-91. This freeway portion runs for about into the town of Middlefield, where it becomes a four lane surface road. In Middlefield, it has junctions with the northern end of Route 147, and the southern end of Route 217. It then enters Middletown", "id": "16691092" }, { "contents": "Interstate 91\n\n\nUS 5 begins at the first of its many interchanges with the freeway. Leaving New Haven, I-91 follows a northeastward trek into North Haven, where it meets the southern end of the Route 40 expressway. It travels through the eastern part of Wallingford before entering the eastern part of the city of Meriden. In Meriden, about halfway between Hartford and New Haven, I-91 sees a complex set of interchanges with the Wilbur Cross Parkway (Route 15), the Route 66 expressway, and its first spur route, I-691. I-691", "id": "8976770" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 15\n\n\nmore northeasterly in North Haven. Major junctions include the Milford Parkway (SR 796), a connector providing access to Interstate 95 and US 1 beginning just east of the Sikorsky Bridge; US 5 in Wallingford; and a complex set of interchanges in Meriden providing access to I-91, I-691, and the Route 66 expressway. The parkway ends about a mile north of I-691 as US 5 joins Route 15 and the road becomes a four-lane divided highway with signalized and at-grade intersections known as the Berlin Turnpike. After", "id": "14881517" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 66\n\n\nthe expressway from US 5 in Meriden to Middlefield (where the current expressway ends) opened to traffic. By 1968, the US 6A designation was removed and split into several routes. The section from I-84 in Southington to US 6 in Columbia was renumbered as Route 66, including the newly opened freeway segment. In 1971, another section of the Route 66 freeway opened from between Route 322 and US 5. In 1987, with the completion of the freeway connection to I-84, the section of Route 66 west of I-91 was", "id": "16691099" }, { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\naccess to Route 15 North for eastbound traffic. Exit 7 provides access to Downtown Meriden. Westbound traffic exits onto State Street Extension, while eastbound traffic enters onto Columbia Street. Exits 6 and 5 provide access to Route 71, as well as access to Westfield Meriden. Exit 6 exits to Lewis Avenue, while Exit 5 exits directly to Route 71. From here, I-691 passes along the north side of Hubbard Park as well as by Castle Craig before it crosses into Southington. It then meets the eastern end of Route 322", "id": "767381" }, { "contents": "Interstate 291 (Connecticut)\n\n\nInterstate 291 (I-291) is a short Interstate Highway in the state of Connecticut that starts at I-91 at its junction with Route 218 in Windsor and ends at I-84 in Manchester. It serves as a northeastern bypass of Hartford. The official length of I-291 is , including of the exit ramp to the merge with eastbound I-84. I-291 is also known as the Vietnam Veterans Memorial Highway for its entire length. I-291 begins at I-91 in Windsor at an interchange that also provides access to and from Route 218. Heading southeast, I-291", "id": "4834367" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 in Connecticut\n\n\ncity of Waterbury, where it intersects the Route 8 expressway and crosses the Naugatuck River on an elevated dual-decked viaduct known locally as The Mixmaster. After passing through Cheshire, I-84 intersects the western end of I-691 at the Cheshire–Southington town line, which is also the New Haven–Hartford county line. I-84 turns more northerly for a stretch to exit 31 (Route 229), which provides access to Lake Compounce Amusement Park and ESPN World Headquarters. The freeway heads more northeasterly to Plainville, where it has a", "id": "14727149" }, { "contents": "Interstate 384\n\n\nInterstate 384 (I-384) is an Interstate Highway located entirely within the state of Connecticut. It runs east to west, going from Interstate 84 in East Hartford to U.S. Route 6/U.S. Route 44 in Bolton. I-384 officially begins at I-84 eastbound Exit 59 at the East Hartford/Manchester town line, as the right 2 lanes of traffic split from the I-84 mainline. The highway can also be accessed from the I-84 eastbound HOV lane, and westbound I-384 traffic can also access the HOV lane on westbound I-84. Westbound I-84", "id": "10503364" }, { "contents": "Special routes of U.S. Route 6\n\n\n6A from Plymouth–Farmington, this became US 6A. This US 6A was subsequently extended through Meriden to Willimantic along modern Route 66. An expressway upgrade was planned for this US 6A. Only a portion of the highway was built and is now I-691. U.S. Route 6A (US 6A) between Coventry and Windham was designated when New England Interstate Route 3 (NE-3) was deleted. The route was swapped with the old US 6 in 1939 and finally deleted in 1942 when US 6A became Route 31. U.S. Route 6A (US", "id": "10795785" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 (Pennsylvania–Massachusetts)\n\n\nNew Milford. Route 6 leaves the interstate at the next exit, and I-84 continues east across the countryside. At Exit 11, it turns to the northeast and descends to cross the Housatonic River on the Rochambeau Bridge, into New Haven County. It then climbs onto higher ground to the city of Waterbury, which it passes on an elevated viaduct with the eastbound and westbound lanes on different levels. Here the CT 8 expressway intersects. The eastern heading continues past Waterbury to Milldale, where Interstate 691 splits off to the east", "id": "12185438" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 120\n\n\nRoute 120 is a state highway in Connecticut, running entirely in the town of Southington. It serves as a more direct connection between the town center of Southington and the city of Meriden. Route 120 begins at an intersection with Route 322 in southeastern Southington, just west of the Meriden city line and about from an interchange with I-691. It heads in a northwest direction, crossing Misery Brook about later, passing by the St. Thomas Cemetery, then intersecting with Route 364 after another . Route 120 ends at an intersection with Route", "id": "21983096" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 322\n\n\nmeets Route 10 at a grade separated intersection. It briefly crosses into Cheshire before crossing the Quinnipiac River and reentering southeastern Southington. It meets the southern end of Route 120 before ending at an interchange with I-691 near the Southington-Meriden town line. The road continues into Meriden as West Main Street. Route 322 was established in 1963, running from Route 69 to then US 6A (Meriden Road) in Wolcott. The year before becoming a signed route, Route 322 was taken over by the state and designated as unsigned SR", "id": "8420887" }, { "contents": "Interstate 91\n\n\n. As such, it is almost always heavily trafficked (especially during rush hour), and maintains at least three lanes in each direction through Connecticut except for a short portion in Hartford at the interchange with I-84 and in Meriden at the interchange with Route 15. The three cities also serve as Connecticut's control points along its length of the Interstate. I-91 begins just east of downtown New Haven at an interchange with I-95 (the Connecticut Turnpike), and Route 34. At the bottom of the ramp for exit 5,", "id": "8976769" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 66\n\n\nIt ran from the Milldale section of Southington, via Meriden and Middletown, to Willimantic. In the 1932 state highway renumbering, old Highway 111 was designated as part of Route 14, which extended from Woodbury to the Rhode Island state line. In 1941, the section of Route 14 from Woodbury to Willimantic was redesignated as US 6A, connecting at US 6 on both ends. In the early 1960s, plans for constructing a US 6A expressway between I-84 in Southington and Willimantic were announced. By 1966, a short portion of", "id": "16691098" }, { "contents": "Interstate 66\n\n\nfrom eastbound I-66 to the West Falls Church Metro station at the Leesburg Pike (Virginia State Route 7) interchange and will provide a new bridge for the W&OD Trail over Lee Highway (Virginia State Route 29). In Washington D.C., I-66 was planned to extend east of its current terminus along the North Leg of the Inner Loop freeway. I-66 would have also met the eastern terminus of a planned Interstate 266 at US 29, and the western terminus of the South Leg Freeway (I-695) at US 50; I-266 would", "id": "9038810" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 10\n\n\n. It then turns north onto Dixwell Avenue, and intersects the Wilbur Cross Parkway (Route 15) at Exit 60. In the center of Hamden, it turns onto Whitney Avenue. Proceeding northward, it encounters the northern end of the Route 40 freeway and the western end of Route 22 . In Cheshire, it meets the eastern end of Route 42, and has a brief triplex with Routes 68 and 70. At the north end of town is a junction with I-691 at Exit 3. It then enters Southington, where", "id": "16098035" }, { "contents": "Interstate 80 in Iowa\n\n\nthe east at the Jordan Creek Parkway exit. The highway adds a third lane eastbound and drops the third lane westbound. Almost to the east is the interchange with I-35, which also marks the beginning of I-235. Eastbound I-80 exits the freeway via a flyover ramp to northbound I-35; eastbound I-235 begins as the continuation of the I-80 freeway. Locally, this exit is called the West Mixmaster. I-80 shares the next with I-35 on a six-lane freeway where each direction's three lanes are separated by a Jersey barrier.", "id": "3837266" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 68\n\n\nto its junction with I-91 at Exit 15. After overpassing I-91 and passing a couple of business parks, Route 68 becomes a 2 lane road once again. It then enters Durham, where it passes the southern end of Route 157 before ending at Route 17 in the center of town. The road connecting Naugatuck and Cheshire was designated in 1922 as State Highway 325. In the 1932 state highway renumbering, former Highway 325 was renumbered to Route 68. The route was later extended east to Middlefield in 1966 along former SR 607", "id": "3645090" }, { "contents": "Interstate 480 (Nebraska–Iowa)\n\n\nLeavenworth neighborhood from the Old Market neighborhood. Shortly after the Leavenworth Street exit is the Harney Street exit, which provides access to U.S. Route 6 from eastbound I-480. before the North Freeway interchange, I-480 passes beneath Dodge and Douglas Streets, which are the westbound and eastbound lanes of U.S. 6, respectively. Just to the southwest of the Creighton University campus is the North Freeway interchange, where US 75 leaves eastbound I-480 and joins westbound. The North Freeway was originally planned to be an Interstate Highway, \"I-580\", connecting", "id": "10317788" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nExit 110 leading to the I-40 frontage road along the eastbound lanes, which suddenly becomes a divided highway named \"Route 66.\" The first intersection is a connecting road to the parts of the interchange with the eastbound on-ramp, as well as the frontage roads along the westbound lanes, leading to the western terminus of the business loop. Shortly after this is the barely paved Carson County Road BB. The divided highway ends just west of TX FM 295 and Carson County Road CC (Western Avenue), and gains", "id": "294168" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 in New York\n\n\n6 and 202 closely parallel I-84 to the north, between the freeway and one of the upper basins of East Branch Reservoir, part of New York City's water supply system. The northern terminus of NY 121 lets eastbound traffic on and westbound traffic off. Two miles (3.2 km) to the east, Signs appear for Saw Mill Road, exit 1 on Connecticut's stretch of I-84, and its ramps leave the highway just a hundred feet (30 m) before the state line. The route of I-84 through the", "id": "995373" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 34\n\n\nLegion Avenue, later becoming South Frontage Road (former Oak Street), while westbound Route 34 uses North Frontage Road. The eastbound section running along Legion Avenue and South Frontage Road (1.03 miles) is town-maintained. The corresponding westbound section along North Frontage Road is officially designated as State Road 706 but is signed as Route 34 West. Route 34 then continues along the Oak Street Connector, a six-lane freeway that connects to I-91 and I-95. The freeway portion has two westbound exits and three eastbound entrances,", "id": "5492586" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nfor BL-40, because south of this intersection is an approach to a westbound on-eastbound off wye interchange with I-40. Immediately after this intersection, BL-40 ends at an eastbound on-westbound off wye interchange with I-40. The Clinton business loop of Interstate 40 is the fourth business route of I-40 in Oklahoma, running from exit 65 to exit 69, although only part of the route runs along former US 66. The route begins at exit 65, which is an eastbound flyover with no re-entry, and a westbound", "id": "294183" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nand maintenance facility, and then leaves the frontage road at the on ramp to eastbound I-40, where it meets its terminus. The frontage roads along both sides of I-40 continue through three more interchanges before crossing the Texas-Oklahoma State Line. The Erick business loop of Interstate 40 is the first business route of I-40 in Oklahoma. It begins on exit 5 (Honeyfarm Drive) and runs south into North 1720th Road until that street ends at a four-lane divided highway known as East 1240th Road (former Route 66)", "id": "294176" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 542\n\n\nRoute 542 (also known as Ferguson Road) is a state road in northern Connecticut. It is contained inside the town of Vernon. It runs from Route 533 to Route 541. Route 542 begins at Route 543 (Tunnel Road) in the central portion of the town of Vernon. It then heads east for about before intersecting with exit 66 on Interstate 84 (I-84}. Only travelers on westbound I-84 can exit onto Route 542, and that travelers on Route 542 can only get onto westbound I-84. About from the", "id": "1160744" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 71\n\n\nas it intersects West Main Street. While southbound traffic may continue from West Main Street onto Cook Avenue, northbound traffic must turn right onto Hanover Street, then left onto South Grove Street, and left onto West Main Street to continue. Once reunited, Route 71 proceeds west on West Main Street before turning north onto Chamberlain Highway. It then crosses I-691 at Exit 5, with access to and from the west. It then crosses into Berlin, passing the eastern end of Route 364 before turning northeast as the Chamberlain Highway becomes", "id": "18857060" }, { "contents": "Interstate 91\n\n\nparallels the river, never more than from its shore. I-91 then enters the Hartford city limits. In Hartford, I-91 it has a set of interchanges with US 5/Route 15 (Wilbur Cross Highway), which provides access from I-91 north to I-84 east, and from I-84 west to I-91 south via the Charter Oak Bridge. I-91 then has an interchange with I-84, where all other movements to and from I-84 take place. Before leaving the city limits, an HOV lane begins that has its own set of interchanges", "id": "8976772" }, { "contents": "Interstate 210 (Louisiana)\n\n\nShip Channel. At the southeastern end of the bridge, the highway meets with exit 3, Prien Lake Road, eastbound. I-210 heads east through Lake Charles, turning 90 degrees at exit 8, LA 14/Gerstner Memorial Drive. The highway then heads north towards its eastern terminus with I-10 just east of Lake Charles. Though portions of the freeway run north-south, the entire route is signed east-west. All of I-210 is included as part of the National Highway System, a system of roadways important to", "id": "2671252" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 95 in California\n\n\nChemehuevi Mountains before entering the city of Needles after several miles. After passing the Needles Municipal Airport, US 95 merges onto I-40 westbound and continues through Needles on the freeway. US 95 exits from I-40 west of Needles and continues northwest to Searchlight Junction, where US 95 continues north at the junction with the old routing of US 66. The highway continues north, east of Homer Mountain, to the Nevada state line. US 95 is part of the California Freeway and Expressway System, and a small portion near I-10 and the", "id": "21402148" }, { "contents": "Interstate 66\n\n\nInterstate 66 (I-66) is an Interstate Highway in the eastern United States. As indicated by its even route number, it runs in an east–west direction. Its current western terminus is near Middletown, Virginia, at an interchange with I-81; its eastern terminus is in Washington, D.C., at an interchange with U.S. Route 29. Because of its terminus in the Shenandoah Valley, the highway was once called the \"Shenandoah Freeway.\" Much of the route parallels U.S. Route 29 or Virginia State Route 55. Interstate", "id": "9038774" }, { "contents": "Interstate 95 in Connecticut\n\n\nof around 150,000 throughout the entire length between the New York state line and the junction with I-91 in New Haven. The Turnpike intersects with several major expressways, namely US 7 at Exit 15 in Norwalk, Route 8 and Route 25 at Exit 27A in Bridgeport (quickest way to I-84 from southwest CT), the Merritt and Wilbur Cross Parkways at Exit 38 (via the Milford Parkway) in Milford, and Interstate 91 at Exit 48 in New Haven. North (east) of I-91, the Turnpike continues along the Connecticut", "id": "5620386" }, { "contents": "Missouri Route 96\n\n\nRoute 96 was redesignated as Route YY west of Route 171 when Kansas deleted the eastern part of K-96. Route 96 begins at a partial interchange with Interstate 44 (I-44) just west of Halltown (there is no access to westbound I-44 or from eastbound I-44). The highway is a two-lane road and is relatively straight all the way to Carthage. Approximately west of I-44 is the western terminus of Route 266. Approximately further west, Route 96 is joined by Historic Route 66. At Albatross, is an intersection", "id": "11824778" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nI-40, and the former segment of US 66 along the north side continues as one of the two I-40 frontage roads. The Amarillo business loop of Interstate 40 begins at I-40 exit 62A just west of Amarillo. The highway was formerly a business route for Route 66, being that highway's only bannered route in Texas. Bus. I-40 D is known locally as Amarillo Boulevard and is the longest buisness route of Interstate 40. Bus. I-40 D begins at Interstate 40 exit 62A just west of Amarillo near Cadillac Ranch. The", "id": "294164" }, { "contents": "Interstate 540 and North Carolina Highway 540\n\n\nto the Western Wake Freeway and future Southern and Eastern Wake Freeways. As of January 2013, the North Carolina state route traverses east–west from I-40, in Durham County to NC 55, in Holly Springs. Initially intended to be signed as an extension of the I-540 loop, the first section of the route bears mile markers and exit numbers for the complete Interstate loop, going from 66 to 69. In Mid-2012, this section of the beltway became part of the Triangle Expressway. No portion of I-540 is tolled.", "id": "6204061" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 229\n\n\nRoute 229 is a state highway in the western Greater Hartford area of the U.S. state of Connecticut. It runs north–south from Interstate 84 in Southington to U.S. Route 6 in Bristol. Along the way, it intersects Route 72 in the Forestville section of Bristol. Route 229 nominally begins at the end of the eastbound Exit 31 off-ramp of I-84 in western Southington, heading northward along West Street. State maintenance and the official southern end of Route 229 actually begins about south of the off-ramp. West Street", "id": "7429975" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nwhich focuses on the roads former status as Route 66. The commercial strip ends after a dirt road named North Tennessee Street. \"Route 66\" splits from East 12th Street at an intersection that's another connecting road to the eastbound off-ramp of Exit 164, the then runs over the overpass above I-40 to turn right at the frontage road along the westbound lanes leading to the western beginning of the business loop. Eastbound Business Interstate Route 40-J narrows down to a two-lane undivided highway before passing by a TxDOT construction", "id": "294175" }, { "contents": "Highway revolts in the United States\n\n\nInterstate 291 beltway west of Interstate 91, the proposed Interstate 484 expressway through the downtown, and the proposed Interstate 284 expressway between East Hartford and South Windsor, and Interstate 491 from Wethersfield to Manchester. After these freeways were cancelled, the State of Connecticut used the funds allocated for their construction to rebuild and expand existing freeways in the Greater Hartford area. In 1992 the Route 9 Expressway was extended north from I-91 in New Britain to Interstate 84 in Farmington, completing what would have been the southwest quadrant of the I-291 beltway;", "id": "256037" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 in Connecticut\n\n\nthe northern end of the Route 15 expressway, it inherits the Wilbur Cross Highway name for the rest of its length. From 1968 until 1984, the I-84 designation ended here, and the highway became I-86 for the rest of its length, as I-84 was once planned to be built east toward Providence, Rhode Island. I-84 intersects one of the remnants of the abandoned project, I-384, as part of a series of complex interchanges in Manchester including the end of the US 6 concurrency at exit 60, and a connection to", "id": "14727152" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nfrontage roads along the westbound lanes leading to the western beginning of the business loop, and an unorthodox roadside attraction known as the Leaning Tower of Texas. Business Interstate Route 40-F ends at the on ramp to eastbound I-40, as does the divided former US 66, which is converted back into the frontage road along the eastbound lanes of I-40. The McLean business loop of Interstate 40 runs from exit 141 to 143. Officially designated as Business Interstate 40-H by the Texas Department of Transportation, it begins at I-40 at an eastbound flyover", "id": "294170" }, { "contents": "Maryland Route 53\n\n\nstate highway then meets its northern terminus at an intersection with US 40 Alternate in La Vale. Access to westbound I-68 is provided a short distance to the east on US 40 Alternate. MD 53 is part of US 220 Truck, which provides access from Interstate 68 (I-68) west of La Vale to southbound US 220 for trucks due to a truck prohibition on the eastbound exit ramp for I-68's interchange with US 220. The state highway is part of the main National Highway System from US 220 to I-68; in addition", "id": "11898711" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 84\n\n\nend street at the truck stop along the aforementioned frontage road. Interstate 84 Business was a business loop of I-84 along in Morgan, Utah. It ran north along Utah State Route 66 at Exit 103 (State Street) to East 600th Street running along the north side of I-84 until the former westbound-off-ramp and eastbound on-ramp that was once westbound Exit 103 until the mid-1990s. Interstate 84 Business was a business loop of I-84 along in Henefer, Utah. It ran southeast along the southwest side of I-84", "id": "6061978" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 5 in Connecticut\n\n\nStreet becomes Broad Street after the intersection with Hall Avenue as it passes by the eastern part of the city, avoiding the downtown area. Past Olive Street, the road becomes divided with a wide grassy median. At the north end of the divided section, it has an intersection with East Main Street, the main east–west business route through the city. About north of East Main Street, US 5 has an interchange with I-691 (at exit 8). At the intersection with Brittania Street, the road becomes North Broad", "id": "5428414" }, { "contents": "Interstate 91\n\n\nthe river can also be easily accessed in this stretch. At exit 19 is the northern terminus of I-93, a major interstate highway in New England, which provides a direct route south through the White Mountains and to almost all major cities in New Hampshire. Just after exit 19, there are three exits for St. Johnsbury, including a major intersection with US 2. Along westbound US 2, the capital of Vermont, Montpelier, is eventually reached from I-91, although I-89 provides Montpelier with immediate Interstate access. I-91 continues northward", "id": "8976783" }, { "contents": "Massachusetts Turnpike\n\n\nand the seventh-longest gap between exits in the entire Interstate Highway System. The highest elevation on the turnpike exists in The Berkshires, reaching above sea level in Becket; this point is also the highest elevation on I-90 east of South Dakota. Beyond the peak elevation and between the exits, an eastbound runaway truck ramp exists in Russell. The turnpike has an interchange with I-91 and US 5 at exit 4 in West Springfield; it passes over the Connecticut River before reaching Route 33 at exit 5 and I-291 at exit 6", "id": "8595595" }, { "contents": "County Route 66 (California)\n\n\ncrossing paths with the freeway again at Fenner, before heading east on Goffs Road to the junction with US 95. Next, CR 66 cosigns along US 95 south to the junction with I-40, where both the US and county routes cosign with I-40 heading east towards Needles. CR 66 exits the freeway at River Road Cutoff, where it immediately turns onto National Trails Highway after exiting. The route follows National Trails Highway to its end on River Road, then begins its southeast journey into downtown Needles. After an interchange with I-40", "id": "21979064" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 (Pennsylvania–Massachusetts)\n\n\n. This section has many left-hand exits and entrances and sharp curves, which were built for a planned network of freeways. I-84 heads northeast towards New Britain and Hartford, the state capital and the largest community along its eastern length. After intersecting Interstate 91, the road crosses the Connecticut River on the Bulkeley Bridge, oldest on the Interstate system, then becomes the Wilbur Cross Highway and continues towards the northeast. The last exit in Connecticut is Exit 74, an exit for Route 171. I-84 crosses the Massachusetts border", "id": "12185439" }, { "contents": "Rhode Island Route 4\n\n\n. After exit 7, Route 4 continues northward as a six-lane expressway, passing farmlands to the west and entering a suburban region of East Greenwich. The highway crosses under an overpass at Middle Road before interchanging with Route 401, the freeway's final spur, at another partial cloverleaf interchange. Exit 8 is also used to access Route 2 and I-95 south, which has no direct freeway connection with Route 4 north. Shortly after exit 8, the Route 4 designation ends and the mainline of the highway defaults onto I-95", "id": "14737226" }, { "contents": "Cromwell, Connecticut\n\n\nis land and (4.03%) is water. A major north/south highway, Interstate 91, with two Cromwell exits, runs through the Town. The Central Connecticut Expressway (Route 9), opened at the end of 1989, enhances the Town's location as it connects I-95 in Old Saybrook, I-91 in Cromwell and I-84, the State's major east/west highway in New Britain. As of the census of 2010, there were 14,005 people, 5,212 households, and 3,262 families residing in the town.", "id": "17977773" }, { "contents": "Interstate 190 (South Dakota)\n\n\n16 westbound goes east on Omaha Street and eastbound runs north concurrently with I-190. I-190 then becomes a freeway, with an exit to North Street. I-190 then passes under Anamosa Street before an on-ramp from the northbound lanes of West Boulevard. Both US 16 and I-190 then terminate at a trumpet interchange with I-90/US 14/SD 79. Legally, the route of I-190 is defined at South Dakota Codified Laws § 31-4-203. I-190 was opened in 1962 to connect Rapid City to the recently completed", "id": "2672231" }, { "contents": "Interstate 210 and State Route 210 (California)\n\n\nfor the interchange between State Route 57 and the Foothill Freeway, Interstate 210. The \"curve\" portion refers to the interchange from the northbound lanes of State Route 57 to the westbound lanes of I-210, and from the eastbound lanes of I-210 to the southbound lanes of State Route 57. The origin of the name comes from its location in the city of Glendora. Prior to 2002, this interchange was entirely part of I-210, and the eastern terminus of I-210 ended several miles south of the curve at the Kellogg Interchange at", "id": "2671217" }, { "contents": "Interstate 78 in New Jersey\n\n\nEntering more commercial areas, Route 173 merges onto I-78/US 22 at exit 13. At exit 15, the highway interchanges with CR 513, and Route 173 splits from I-78/US 22 by heading north on CR 513. At this point, the freeway enters Franklin Township briefly at exit 15 and then enters Clinton where it crosses the South Branch Raritan River. I-78/US 22 turns northeast and leaves Clinton for Clinton Township, where it has an eastbound exit and westbound entrance for Route 173 that also provides access to", "id": "16353900" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 15\n\n\nlimits, the business route veers onto Center Street and follows that through the center of town. At the north end of the city, I-15 Bus. turns west and runs concurrently with US 30 to its northern end at I-15 Exit 47. Interstate 15 Business runs for exactly through Inkom in northern Bannock County. I-15 Bus. mostly follows Old Highway 91 between Exits 57 and 58, a pair of partial interchanges. Interstate 15 Business spans through Pocatello in northern Bannock County. I-15 Bus. begins at I-15 Exit 67, where", "id": "15434019" }, { "contents": "Interstate 10 in California\n\n\nI-10 down Interstate 5 between the East LA Interchange and the Santa Monica Freeway, negating a section of the San Bernardino Freeway west of I-5. This short section of Route 10 between Route 5 and Route 101, which was formerly defined as Route 110 (signed as Interstate 110) until 1968, is signed overhead for I-10 eastbound and for U.S. 101 westbound. This I-5/I-10 cosigning is consistent with the Federal Highway Administration's Interstate Highway route logs that such an overlap exists for the segment of I-10 in California. I-10 is", "id": "10298840" }, { "contents": "Nevada State Route 425\n\n\ncenter of Verdi, then southeast to its terminus at the I-80 East Verdi interchange (Exit 5). Although designated a state route and an Interstate business route, there are no route shields posted along the highway itself. The I-80 business route extends beyond the end of SR 425. From the highway's western terminus, I-80 Business follows Gold Ranch Road an additional south to end at an I-80 westbound onramp. The highway originally carried State Route 1 and later U.S. Route 40 on its trek west from Reno over Donner Pass towards", "id": "5840323" }, { "contents": "Interstate 516\n\n\ncurrent western terminus of I-516. In 1985, the entire highway from its then-current western terminus at Burnsed Blvd to Montgomery Street was designated as I-516. The freeway portion was extended westward to the interchange with SR 25 (Burnsed Blvd) and eastward to the current eastern terminus. Also US 17/SR 25 and US 80/SR 26 were re-routed along the freeway, from the West Bay Street exit to the Ogeechee Road exit. In 1995, US 17 had a major re-routing through the city", "id": "10860994" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 15\n\n\nState Route 28. Interstate 15 Business is a Business loop of Interstate 15 in Bringham City, and is also concurrent with Business Loop 84. It runs from an interchange at Exit 362 on I-15/84 at first along U.S. Route 91 to the intersection with U.S. Route 89 and UT 13. US 91 continues east along US 89, while BL 15/84 turns left to go north along UT 13 (South Main Street). Further in town, the road serves as the west end of Utah State Route 90. At Forest Street,", "id": "15434015" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 95 in Nevada\n\n\nthe Henderson Spaghetti Bowl (also known as the Hender-Bender) interchange of Interstate 215 and SR 564 and Interstate 515 begins. The freeway then heads west into Downtown Las Vegas, where it intersects Interstate 15. At the Spaghetti Bowl interchange, US 93 follows I-15 northbound and I-515 ends. US 95 heads west, then north at the Rainbow Curve. The freeway portion then ends at Corn Creek Road northwest of the Las Vegas Valley and then it becomes a brief four-lane divided highway. US 95 exits Clark County", "id": "7359006" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 15\n\n\nwhen it turns east onto Alameda Road, which becomes Pocatello Creek Road when it veers northeast to the business route's terminus at I-15 Exit 71. Interstate 15 Business has a length of through Blackfoot in central Bingham County. I-15 Bus. begins at I-15 Exit 89 near the northern end of the Fort Hall Indian Reservation and follows US 91 northeast parallel to the Union Pacific Railroad. The highways cross the Blackfoot River into the city of Blackfoot along Broadway Street. In downtown Blackfoot, the routes veer onto Main Street, then I-15", "id": "15434021" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 50 in Maryland\n\n\neastbound exit. Following this interchange, US 50 passes office parks and industrial development in New Carrollton. The highway reaches a hybrid turbine interchange with I-95/I-495, the Capital Beltway. At the I-95/I-495 interchange, the US 50 freeway becomes part of the Interstate Highway System as I-595, which is an unsigned highway. The road heads east as an ten-lane freeway, with the left lane in each direction designated as a high-occupancy vehicle lane (HOV lane). The freeway passes near residential development and", "id": "21110676" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nloop of Interstate 40 is the third business route of I-40 in Oklahoma. It runs northeast along former US 66 from eastbound exit 32 and turns east after the beginning of an overlap with OK 6 that runs along the route until OK 6 turns south at North Main Street. From there it snakes through the northeastern part of the city and after the intersection with OK 34 finally terminates with I-40 at westbound exit 41. The route begins at a left exit in a wye interchange with Interstate 40, which also serves as a connection", "id": "294180" }, { "contents": "Iowa Highway 330\n\n\nused as a connector between Des Moines and the Waterloo–Cedar Falls area. Iowa 330 begins at an interchange with Interstate 80 (I-80), U.S. Route 6 (US 6), and US 65 in Altoona. The I-80 freeway runs east–west; US 6 comes up from the southwest along Hubbell Avenue and joins eastbound I-80 while US 65 exits eastbound I-80 and turns onto Hubbell heading northeast. For the first of its routing, Iowa 330 shares the same roadway with US 65. The two routes head northeast on", "id": "10381823" }, { "contents": "Interstate 180 (Pennsylvania)\n\n\nat an interchange with U.S. Route 15 and U.S. Route 220. The highway begins its signage, concurrent along these routes. At exit 27A, US 15 leaves the overlap running south across the Carl E. Stotz Memorial Little League Bridge and I-180 continues eastward, still concurrent with US 220 northbound. From there, I-180 runs along the West Branch Susquehanna River until the highway reaches the eastern suburbs of Williamsport, where US 220 leaves the Interstate via exit 15. From US 220 to the eastern terminus, I-180 is aligned north–south", "id": "4494305" }, { "contents": "Interstate 76 (Ohio–New Jersey)\n\n\nJersey. After I-76 reaches its eastern terminus, the freeway continues as Route 42 and the Atlantic City Expressway to Atlantic City. I-76 begins at I-71 at exit 209, east of Lodi, Ohio; U.S. Route 224 (US 224) continues west from the end of I-76. The interchange was previously a double trumpet, but was reconstructed in 2010. Officially, I-76 begins at the beginning of the ramp from I-71 north; it merges with US 224 at mile 0.61. After passing through rural Medina County, I-76 enters Summit", "id": "12185505" }, { "contents": "Interstate 215 (Utah)\n\n\ninterchange features a grade-separated ramp from northbound 2000 East to eastbound I-215. Past this junction, another interchange at Union Park Avenue appears. Another grade-separated ramp from Union Park Avenue is present. The freeway enters Murray as an interchange serving westbound motorists connects to 280 East and State Street (U.S. Route 89, or US-89). Eastbound travelers connect to State Street further west at a separate exit. The road turns northwest for a short time to approach a junction at I-15 (often called the South Interchange).", "id": "9551591" }, { "contents": "List of state routes in Connecticut\n\n\n. Routes are signed state highways and are assigned numbers from 1 to 399 (with the exception of I-684 and I-691). All state, U.S. and Interstate highways are part of the same numbering system. In 1926, the U.S. highway system was implemented. U.S. Routes 1, 5, 6, and 7 were used as designations on several primary state highways, replacing New England routes 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. The other New England routes that were not re-designated as U.S. routes became ordinary", "id": "5492536" }, { "contents": "Interstate 291 (Massachusetts)\n\n\ndirectly through highly populated areas of Springfield, and passes under several overpasses. From its southwestern terminus to exit 5A, Interstate 291 is concurrent with U.S. Route 20. I-291 is only from Interstate 291 in Connecticut, and there are no intervening Interstate Highway interchanges between them. It can be easy for travelers to become confused between the two highways. Interstate 291 begins as a spur of Interstate 91 at Exit 8 in Springfield, concurrent with U.S. 20, which merges from the north. The two entry ramps from I-91 merge with each", "id": "1778230" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 15\n\n\nprovides access to the end of the Sprinter commuter train line. Shortly thereafter, I-15 Business intersects County Route S14, and then interchanges with State Route 78. The interchange is the last interchange on the 78 before its freeway status ends, and there are only ramps for a westbound entrance or eastbound exit. Continuing north, I-15 Business intersects with El Norte Parkway, a major arterial road, before reconnecting with Interstate 15 at I-15 exit 34 near the northern city limits of Escondido. Though the street itself continues northward well on into", "id": "15434009" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 9\n\n\nSaybrook to I-91 in Cromwell is known as the \"Chester Bowles Highway\". The section from I-91 in Cromwell to Exit 24 in Berlin is known as the \"Korean War Veterans Memorial Highway\". The section from Route 72 in New Britain to Route 175 in Newington is known as the \"Taras Shevchenko Expressway\". The section from Route 175 in Newington to the junction with I-84 is known as the \"Iwo Jima Memorial Expressway\". The road connecting Deep River (then known as Saybrook) and Wethersfield along the west", "id": "15881247" }, { "contents": "Colorado State Highway 74\n\n\nthe Evergreen Parkway segment to four lanes and constructing an interchange with I-70. SH 74 begins at an interchange with I-70 in El Rancho. Ramps from I-70 westbound branch off the freeway's exit 252 from the north side and cross the highway southwestward. Access to SH 74 from I-70 eastbound is provided via U.S. Highway 40 (US 40) a slight distance to the west. From I-70, the roadway heads southwesterly through El Rancho, meeting an intersection with US 40 (Swede Gulch Road). The route heads westward before turning", "id": "12873578" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 84\n\n\nsoutheast corner of that intersection, and the contemporary but still traditional Brigham City Utah Temple on the southwest corner. UT 13 ends at the southern terminus of the overlap of US 89/91, and BL-15/84 makes a sharp right turn along southbound US 91, while South Main Street is taken over by southbound US 89. US 91/BL-15/84 runs west along West 1100th Street South. BL-15/84 ends at Exit 362, a diverging diamond interchange with I-15/84, while West 1100th Street South continues into the I-15 frontage road, and becomes a dead", "id": "6061977" }, { "contents": "Interstate 384\n\n\naccess to I-384 is provided through a complex interchange that also provides access from Pleasant Valley Road near Buckland Hills Mall and from I-291. I-384's first exit is for Spencer Street. The eastbound ramp is on the I-384 mainline, while the westbound ramp comes from a split in the I-84 interchange ramp. Just east of the Spencer Street overpass, the ramp from westbound I-84 joins the I-384 mainline and the HOV lane becomes a conventional lane. I-384 continues along the southern part of Manchester. It has one interchange before it intersects Route", "id": "10503365" }, { "contents": "Interstate 78 in New Jersey\n\n\ninto Springfield Township. The freeway passes near First Watchung Mountain before coming to the Route 24 interchange, where suburban development becomes more dense. At Route 24, I-78 divides into local and express lanes, with three express and three local lanes eastbound and two express and three local lanes westbound. In this section of the highway, most access is via the local lanes, though the next exit for Route 124 includes a direct westbound onramp to the express lanes. Before Route 124, I-78 briefly runs east through Millburn in Essex County", "id": "16353906" }, { "contents": "California State Route 237\n\n\n85. Westbound traffic can connect to Route 85 southbound, but the eastbound traffic connection to Route 85 northbound is labeled as an exit for U.S. 101. Route 237 intersects with Highway 101 at the southern corner of Moffett Field. After this intersection, a carpool lane is added, for a total of three lanes in either direction. It remains like this until the east end of the freeway at Interstate 880, where most eastbound traffic is directed to northbound I-880. The route then becomes a city street (an arterial road)", "id": "9003349" }, { "contents": "Massachusetts Route 141\n\n\nas Easthampton Road, crossing roads south of Mount Tom. Crossing through the Rock Valley section of Holyoke, the highway passes south of the Whiting Reservoir and Wyckoff Country Club, entering the Smiths Valley section. Through Smiths Valley, Route 141 runs southeast through a residential neighborhood, reaching a ramp to Interstate 91 southbound (I-91 exit 17). After another turn, the route crosses into a trumpet interchange with I-91 northbound, becoming a one-way couplet through downtown Holyoke. Route 141 eastbound runs along Dwight Street while Route 141", "id": "2532205" }, { "contents": "Interstate 295 (Delaware–Pennsylvania)\n\n\nof Penndel. Following this interchange, the freeway runs south-southeast near suburban residential areas as it heads west of Levittown. I-295 enters Bristol Township and terminates at an interchange with I-95 at I-276 (Pennsylvania Turnpike). At this interchange, I-295 merges into southbound I-95, with access from westbound I-295 to southbound I-95 and from northbound I-95 to eastbound I-295; there are no ramps connecting I-295 and the Pennsylvania Turnpike. In the 1927 New Jersey state highway renumbering, Route 39 was legislated to begin at the Yardley–Wilburtha Bridge", "id": "9627779" }, { "contents": "James River Freeway\n\n\n. The portion of the James River Freeway between I-44 and the interchange with US 60 and Route 413 is designated as Route 360. Other than its endpoints, there is only one interchange on the route: Route MM in Brookline (now part of Republic). Exit markers for the highway mark the road as the James River Freeway and have no control cities, only \"To Route 60\" eastbound and \"To I-44\" westbound. The control cities between US 60 and US 65 are Republic westbound and Rogersville eastbound. At", "id": "6615288" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 6 in Rhode Island\n\n\nturns south on the I-295 collector/distributor roads to the west end of that freeway. The south interchange of US 6 and I-295 has numerous ramp stubs once intended for a western continuation of the Roberts Expressway as Interstate 84. The six-lane Roberts Expressway has interchanges with Route 5, U.S. Route 6A, Route 128, and US 6A again on its way to Olneyville. It crosses from Johnston into Providence just west of the bridge over Route 128. At the second US 6A interchange, the older Olneyville Bypass begins,", "id": "21794194" }, { "contents": "Flatbush Avenue Connector\n\n\nstate proposed the corridor as the Cedar Ridge Connector with no number, leading from its current terminus at I-84 to U.S. 5/Route 15 in Wethersfield. The short expressway planned to include an interchange with a planned but cancelled Route 71 expressway leading to New Britain. Circa 2015, the viaduct carrying the northbound ramp to Eastbound I-84 was removed, and a new alignment adjacent to the southbound off ramp from Westbound I-84 was built. Exit 45 is currently an incomplete interchange, with ramps only for I-84 westbound to SR 504 (left", "id": "5839909" }, { "contents": "Interstate 195 (New Jersey)\n\n\ndesignation west and south, along existing I-95 instead. I-195's western terminus is at a modified cloverleaf interchange with I-295 in Hamilton Township, Mercer County, located southeast of the city of Trenton. From this end, the freeway continues north into Trenton as Route 29. I-195 serves as the southern continuation of Route 29, continuing east from I-295 as a six-lane expressway, passing between suburban neighborhoods to the north and the Crosswicks Creek to the south. After the exit for US 206, the highway narrows to four lanes", "id": "14760197" }, { "contents": "Massachusetts Route 25\n\n\nRoute 25 west mainline onto Route 495 north, with the right-hand lane serving I-195 via Exit 1. From I-195, Route 25 east is accessible via Exit 22A; I-195 terminates at the interchange. Interstate 495 also terminates at its junction with Route 25; the two southbound lanes of I-495 default onto Route 25 east. After the interchange with I-195 and I-495, Route 25 begins to head in a southeastern direction into the town of Wareham as a six-lane freeway. The route passes under Tihonet Road and through Maple", "id": "18239659" }, { "contents": "California State Route 56\n\n\ncompleted in 1995 after several lawsuits filed by the Sierra Club and other community groups. The two ends were not connected until the middle portion of the freeway was completed in 2004. The delay was largely due to funding issues and environmental concerns. Eastbound SR 56 begins as a ramp from the northbound I-5's local bypass lanes. The interchange is not complete; southbound I-5 traffic must exit to Carmel Valley Road before entering SR 56. Westbound traffic on SR 56 merges into the southbound I-5 local bypass lanes, which provide access to", "id": "2729277" }, { "contents": "Utah State Route 161\n\n\nState Route 161 (SR-161) is a long state highway, designated as a rural major connector, completely within Millard County in central Utah. The highway connects Interstate 70 (I-70) to I-15 while providing service to historic Cove Fort. The route was once part of U.S. Route 91 (US-91), but was renumbered to SR-161 in the 1970s, in parallel with the construction of I-70. Located entirely in southeastern Millard County, SR-161 starts at a diamond interchange with the westernmost exit on I-70 before it terminates at I-15.", "id": "14472451" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 in Connecticut\n\n\nbrief concurrency with Route 72 to the New Britain city line. From the Route 72 junction through Farmington, West Hartford, and into Hartford, I-84 has many left-hand exits and entrances and sharp curves, which were built for a planned network of freeways. In Farmington, US 6 joins I-84 once again at exit 38, and both meet the northern end of the Route 9 expressway at a half-used multi-level stack interchange that was originally planned to be part of the mostly-cancelled I-291 Hartford Beltway.", "id": "14727150" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 40\n\n\nan interchange. Route 40 begins from northbound I-91 in North Haven as the Exit 10 off-ramp. The designation runs for along the exit ramp. The expressway then proceeds northwest and is joined by on-ramps from Bailey Road and southbound I-91. The I-91 interchange includes an overpass over the Quinnipiac River and railroad tracks. About past the I-91 interchange, the road crosses over another set of railroad tracks, then has an interchange with U.S. Route 5. Access to and from US 5 is via Dixwell Avenue (SR 717", "id": "15644232" }, { "contents": "Interstate 695 (District of Columbia)\n\n\nsome remaining \"To I-395\" signage can still be found along I-695 westbound. The new signs designate I-695 as extending from the point where I-395 branches off from the Southeast Freeway, with I-695 continuing along the Southeast Freeway and over the new 11th Street Bridge to the interchange with I-295. However, some commentators contend the new signage is confusing and that the Southeast Freeway is often confused with Baltimore's Beltway, a highway with the same route designation. The entire route is in Washington, D.C. Exits were unnumbered until July 2014.", "id": "13815020" }, { "contents": "California State Route 91\n\n\nState Route 91 (SR 91) is a major east–west state highway in the U.S. state of California that serves several regions of the Greater Los Angeles urban area. A freeway throughout its entire length, it officially runs from Vermont Avenue in Gardena, just west of the junction with the Harbor Freeway (Interstate 110, I-110), east to Riverside at the junction with the Pomona (SR 60 west of SR 91) and Moreno Valley (SR 60 and I-215 east of SR 91) freeways. Though signs along", "id": "4945631" }, { "contents": "Tennessee State Route 182\n\n\nState Route 182 (abbreviated SR 182) is a secondary state highway in western Dyer County, Tennessee. This route is primarily rural in nature throughout its length. The first of SR 182 from its southern terminus with SR 104 to Interstate 155 is a modern two-lane facility with a speed limit. I-155 ended at Exit 7 during the 1970s and this section of SR 182 also served as a temporary link to SR 104 for eastbound motorists until the freeway was completed to Exit 15. SR 182 north of I-155 to its", "id": "12693771" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 4 in New Hampshire\n\n\nI-93 southbound, and runs along the freeway until Exit 15E in Concord. At this interchange, US-4 leaves I-93 and joins Interstate 393 and U.S. Route 202 which run eastbound out of the city. The two U.S. routes overlap I-393 to its terminus in the northern corner of Pembroke. I-393 then ends, and US-4/US-202 merge onto Route 9 eastbound through Chichester and into Epsom. The road crosses Route 28 at the Epsom Traffic Circle, then continues east and intersects Route 107, forming a long four-route concurrency into Northwood", "id": "19470164" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 9\n\n\nriver, it passes through the towns of Essex, Deep River, Chester, Haddam, and Middletown). After its junction with Interstate 91 in Cromwell, Route 9 continues westward then northward, running through the Hartford area towns/cities of Berlin, New Britain, Newington, and Farmington. At the junction with I-84/US 6 near the Farmington - West Hartford town line, Route 9 follows the ramps for eastbound I-84 and ends at the merge with I-84 immediately after crossing the town line. Route 9 has a non", "id": "15881245" }, { "contents": "Maryland Route 32\n\n\nCSX line) and several industrial parks in Annapolis Junction. MD 32 continues northwest into Savage, where the highway has a cloverleaf interchange with US 1 (Washington Boulevard) that includes collector-distributor lanes in both directions. North of Savage, the freeway has a partial cloverleaf interchange with I-95 that has a pair of left-exiting ramps from westbound MD 32 to southbound I-95 and from eastbound MD 32 to northbound I-95; because of these left exits, I-95 is configured differently in that its southbound lanes pass under MD 32 and", "id": "8470347" }, { "contents": "Interstate 95 in Massachusetts\n\n\nto eight lanes. Then the highway passes through Newton, then enters Weston and has a large interchange with the Massachusetts Turnpike (I-90) that provides connections to nearby Route 30. There is a fourth lane after the interchange with Route 9. Exits 23, 24, and 25 are one combined exit northbound. I-95 and Route 128 are due west of Boston at this point and begin to turn to the northeast, serving the city of Waltham and the town of Lexington along the way. The freeway has an interchange with Route", "id": "18993893" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 372\n\n\nthe Mattabesset River, intersecting I-91 at Exit 21. It then widens to 4 lanes, and intersects the northern end of Route 217. Farther east, it crosses Route 3 before meeting Route 9 once again at Exit 19. It then turns southeast to at an intersection with Route 99 at the Cromwell town center. Route 72 was established in the 1932 state highway renumbering between Route 66 in Middletown and Route 10 Plainville. By the beginning of 1963, after the implementation of the 1962 Route Reclassification Act, Route 72 was extended", "id": "8495485" }, { "contents": "Interstate 664\n\n\nhas a connection to Portsmouth through Virginia State Route 164 (SR 164) and to Suffolk via U.S. Route 13, US 58, and US 460. I-664 begins at a full Y interchange with I-64 and I-264 that serves as the terminus of all three Interstates in the Bowers Hill section of the city of Chesapeake. I-64 heads southeast as a continuation of the Hampton Roads Beltway through Chesapeake while I-264 heads east toward Portsmouth and Norfolk. I-664 heads west as an eight-lane freeway that has a southbound-only exit ramp to", "id": "13145352" }, { "contents": "Virginia State Route 194\n\n\ncloverleaf interchange with I-64 (Hampton Roads Beltway) that only contains ramps in the northeast and southwest quadrants of the interchange. Northbound SR 194 has an exit ramp to and an entrance ramp from westbound I-64. Southbound SR 194 has an exit ramp to and an entrance ramp from eastbound I-64. The missing connections with I-64 are made via SR 247 to the south and SR 165 (Little Creek Road) to the north of the Interstate. North of SR 165, SR 194 becomes a four-lane divided highway north to its", "id": "19152409" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nalphabetic values to allow for future system expansion. The alphabetic naming suffixes are included as small letters on the bottom of reassurance shields. The Glenrio business spur of Interstate 40 begins at I-40 on exit 0 just east of the New Mexico-Texas state line. The highway runs south from the interchange towards Former route 66, then turns west along that decommissioned route where it terminates at the Texas-New Mexico State Line. The Adrian business loop of Interstate 40 begins at I-40 at exit 22 and runs along Former route 66 to", "id": "294158" }, { "contents": "Vermont Route 103\n\n\nand slightly better road across the Green Mountains to Rutland, it is a direct east–west road intersecting Interstate 91 significantly north of the diagonal 103. Numerous proposals to widen 103 into a two-lane freeway or similar limited-access roadway have failed, even though a substantial power company right of way shadows the road for much of its length. VT 103 begins at U.S. Route 5 in Rockingham just east of Interstate 91 and just north of Bellows Falls. From there, it interchanges with I-91 at exit 6 and proceeds", "id": "13506058" } ]

[ { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\nInterstate 691 (I-691) is a portion of the Interstate Highway System in Connecticut beginning at Interstate 91 in Meriden and ending at Interstate 84 near the Cheshire-Southington town line. It is in length, including of the exit ramp to the merge with westbound I-84. I-691 is also known as the Henry D. Altobello Highway for its entire length. I-691 is the main east–west highway of the city of Meriden. The freeway actually begins in Middlefield as Route 66, technically becoming I-691 at the junction with I-91 (Exit", "id": "767379" }, { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\n11). However, westbound signage indicates I-691 begins at the start of the freeway (just west of Exit 13), while eastbound signage shows I-691 ending at the Route 15 interchange (at eastbound Exit 10 about west of the interchange with I-91). To go from I-91 northbound to I-691 westbound (or from I-691 eastbound to I-91 southbound), one must actually use Route 15. Exit 9 westbound provides access to Route 15 North. West of the I-91/Route 15 interchange, I-691 meets US 5, which provides", "id": "767380" }, { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\n66. The highway was extended west to Exit 4 by 1971. The connection to I-84 was eventually completed in 1987, with the renumbering to I-691 done at the same time. The portion east of I-91 remained as Route 66. Environmental and community groups successfully blocked attempts to extend the freeway east of its present terminus due to potential impacts on the Mt. Higby Reservoir, which provides drinking water for the local area. A compromise was reached in the late 1990s allowing CONNDOT to convert Route 66 from a 2-lane road to 4 lanes", "id": "767383" }, { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\nat Exit 4. It then crosses the Quinnipiac River into Cheshire, where it has an interchange with Route 10, then continues west to end at I-84 at the Southington/Cheshire town line. The highway officially ends as it merges into I-84 West. In the 1940s, the I-691 routing was part of a planned US 6A Expressway from Southington to Willimantic. A section of the expressway (from its Middlefield terminus west to Exit 8) first opened in 1966. By 1968, the US 6A designation was dropped in favor of Route", "id": "767382" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 66\n\n\nRoute 66 is a Connecticut state highway running from Meriden to Windham, serving as an alternate east–west route to US 6 through east-central Connecticut. Route 66 officially begins at I-91 in Meriden as the extension of I-691, which officially ends at its interchange with I-91. This freeway portion runs for about into the town of Middlefield, where it becomes a four lane surface road. In Middlefield, it has junctions with the northern end of Route 147, and the southern end of Route 217. It then enters Middletown", "id": "16691092" }, { "contents": "Interstate 91\n\n\nUS 5 begins at the first of its many interchanges with the freeway. Leaving New Haven, I-91 follows a northeastward trek into North Haven, where it meets the southern end of the Route 40 expressway. It travels through the eastern part of Wallingford before entering the eastern part of the city of Meriden. In Meriden, about halfway between Hartford and New Haven, I-91 sees a complex set of interchanges with the Wilbur Cross Parkway (Route 15), the Route 66 expressway, and its first spur route, I-691. I-691", "id": "8976770" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 15\n\n\nmore northeasterly in North Haven. Major junctions include the Milford Parkway (SR 796), a connector providing access to Interstate 95 and US 1 beginning just east of the Sikorsky Bridge; US 5 in Wallingford; and a complex set of interchanges in Meriden providing access to I-91, I-691, and the Route 66 expressway. The parkway ends about a mile north of I-691 as US 5 joins Route 15 and the road becomes a four-lane divided highway with signalized and at-grade intersections known as the Berlin Turnpike. After", "id": "14881517" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 66\n\n\nthe expressway from US 5 in Meriden to Middlefield (where the current expressway ends) opened to traffic. By 1968, the US 6A designation was removed and split into several routes. The section from I-84 in Southington to US 6 in Columbia was renumbered as Route 66, including the newly opened freeway segment. In 1971, another section of the Route 66 freeway opened from between Route 322 and US 5. In 1987, with the completion of the freeway connection to I-84, the section of Route 66 west of I-91 was", "id": "16691099" }, { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\naccess to Route 15 North for eastbound traffic. Exit 7 provides access to Downtown Meriden. Westbound traffic exits onto State Street Extension, while eastbound traffic enters onto Columbia Street. Exits 6 and 5 provide access to Route 71, as well as access to Westfield Meriden. Exit 6 exits to Lewis Avenue, while Exit 5 exits directly to Route 71. From here, I-691 passes along the north side of Hubbard Park as well as by Castle Craig before it crosses into Southington. It then meets the eastern end of Route 322", "id": "767381" }, { "contents": "Interstate 291 (Connecticut)\n\n\nInterstate 291 (I-291) is a short Interstate Highway in the state of Connecticut that starts at I-91 at its junction with Route 218 in Windsor and ends at I-84 in Manchester. It serves as a northeastern bypass of Hartford. The official length of I-291 is , including of the exit ramp to the merge with eastbound I-84. I-291 is also known as the Vietnam Veterans Memorial Highway for its entire length. I-291 begins at I-91 in Windsor at an interchange that also provides access to and from Route 218. Heading southeast, I-291", "id": "4834367" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 in Connecticut\n\n\ncity of Waterbury, where it intersects the Route 8 expressway and crosses the Naugatuck River on an elevated dual-decked viaduct known locally as The Mixmaster. After passing through Cheshire, I-84 intersects the western end of I-691 at the Cheshire–Southington town line, which is also the New Haven–Hartford county line. I-84 turns more northerly for a stretch to exit 31 (Route 229), which provides access to Lake Compounce Amusement Park and ESPN World Headquarters. The freeway heads more northeasterly to Plainville, where it has a", "id": "14727149" }, { "contents": "Interstate 384\n\n\nInterstate 384 (I-384) is an Interstate Highway located entirely within the state of Connecticut. It runs east to west, going from Interstate 84 in East Hartford to U.S. Route 6/U.S. Route 44 in Bolton. I-384 officially begins at I-84 eastbound Exit 59 at the East Hartford/Manchester town line, as the right 2 lanes of traffic split from the I-84 mainline. The highway can also be accessed from the I-84 eastbound HOV lane, and westbound I-384 traffic can also access the HOV lane on westbound I-84. Westbound I-84", "id": "10503364" }, { "contents": "Special routes of U.S. Route 6\n\n\n6A from Plymouth–Farmington, this became US 6A. This US 6A was subsequently extended through Meriden to Willimantic along modern Route 66. An expressway upgrade was planned for this US 6A. Only a portion of the highway was built and is now I-691. U.S. Route 6A (US 6A) between Coventry and Windham was designated when New England Interstate Route 3 (NE-3) was deleted. The route was swapped with the old US 6 in 1939 and finally deleted in 1942 when US 6A became Route 31. U.S. Route 6A (US", "id": "10795785" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 (Pennsylvania–Massachusetts)\n\n\nNew Milford. Route 6 leaves the interstate at the next exit, and I-84 continues east across the countryside. At Exit 11, it turns to the northeast and descends to cross the Housatonic River on the Rochambeau Bridge, into New Haven County. It then climbs onto higher ground to the city of Waterbury, which it passes on an elevated viaduct with the eastbound and westbound lanes on different levels. Here the CT 8 expressway intersects. The eastern heading continues past Waterbury to Milldale, where Interstate 691 splits off to the east", "id": "12185438" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 120\n\n\nRoute 120 is a state highway in Connecticut, running entirely in the town of Southington. It serves as a more direct connection between the town center of Southington and the city of Meriden. Route 120 begins at an intersection with Route 322 in southeastern Southington, just west of the Meriden city line and about from an interchange with I-691. It heads in a northwest direction, crossing Misery Brook about later, passing by the St. Thomas Cemetery, then intersecting with Route 364 after another . Route 120 ends at an intersection with Route", "id": "21983096" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 322\n\n\nmeets Route 10 at a grade separated intersection. It briefly crosses into Cheshire before crossing the Quinnipiac River and reentering southeastern Southington. It meets the southern end of Route 120 before ending at an interchange with I-691 near the Southington-Meriden town line. The road continues into Meriden as West Main Street. Route 322 was established in 1963, running from Route 69 to then US 6A (Meriden Road) in Wolcott. The year before becoming a signed route, Route 322 was taken over by the state and designated as unsigned SR", "id": "8420887" }, { "contents": "Interstate 91\n\n\n. As such, it is almost always heavily trafficked (especially during rush hour), and maintains at least three lanes in each direction through Connecticut except for a short portion in Hartford at the interchange with I-84 and in Meriden at the interchange with Route 15. The three cities also serve as Connecticut's control points along its length of the Interstate. I-91 begins just east of downtown New Haven at an interchange with I-95 (the Connecticut Turnpike), and Route 34. At the bottom of the ramp for exit 5,", "id": "8976769" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 66\n\n\nIt ran from the Milldale section of Southington, via Meriden and Middletown, to Willimantic. In the 1932 state highway renumbering, old Highway 111 was designated as part of Route 14, which extended from Woodbury to the Rhode Island state line. In 1941, the section of Route 14 from Woodbury to Willimantic was redesignated as US 6A, connecting at US 6 on both ends. In the early 1960s, plans for constructing a US 6A expressway between I-84 in Southington and Willimantic were announced. By 1966, a short portion of", "id": "16691098" }, { "contents": "Interstate 66\n\n\nfrom eastbound I-66 to the West Falls Church Metro station at the Leesburg Pike (Virginia State Route 7) interchange and will provide a new bridge for the W&OD Trail over Lee Highway (Virginia State Route 29). In Washington D.C., I-66 was planned to extend east of its current terminus along the North Leg of the Inner Loop freeway. I-66 would have also met the eastern terminus of a planned Interstate 266 at US 29, and the western terminus of the South Leg Freeway (I-695) at US 50; I-266 would", "id": "9038810" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 10\n\n\n. It then turns north onto Dixwell Avenue, and intersects the Wilbur Cross Parkway (Route 15) at Exit 60. In the center of Hamden, it turns onto Whitney Avenue. Proceeding northward, it encounters the northern end of the Route 40 freeway and the western end of Route 22 . In Cheshire, it meets the eastern end of Route 42, and has a brief triplex with Routes 68 and 70. At the north end of town is a junction with I-691 at Exit 3. It then enters Southington, where", "id": "16098035" }, { "contents": "Interstate 80 in Iowa\n\n\nthe east at the Jordan Creek Parkway exit. The highway adds a third lane eastbound and drops the third lane westbound. Almost to the east is the interchange with I-35, which also marks the beginning of I-235. Eastbound I-80 exits the freeway via a flyover ramp to northbound I-35; eastbound I-235 begins as the continuation of the I-80 freeway. Locally, this exit is called the West Mixmaster. I-80 shares the next with I-35 on a six-lane freeway where each direction's three lanes are separated by a Jersey barrier.", "id": "3837266" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 68\n\n\nto its junction with I-91 at Exit 15. After overpassing I-91 and passing a couple of business parks, Route 68 becomes a 2 lane road once again. It then enters Durham, where it passes the southern end of Route 157 before ending at Route 17 in the center of town. The road connecting Naugatuck and Cheshire was designated in 1922 as State Highway 325. In the 1932 state highway renumbering, former Highway 325 was renumbered to Route 68. The route was later extended east to Middlefield in 1966 along former SR 607", "id": "3645090" }, { "contents": "Interstate 480 (Nebraska–Iowa)\n\n\nLeavenworth neighborhood from the Old Market neighborhood. Shortly after the Leavenworth Street exit is the Harney Street exit, which provides access to U.S. Route 6 from eastbound I-480. before the North Freeway interchange, I-480 passes beneath Dodge and Douglas Streets, which are the westbound and eastbound lanes of U.S. 6, respectively. Just to the southwest of the Creighton University campus is the North Freeway interchange, where US 75 leaves eastbound I-480 and joins westbound. The North Freeway was originally planned to be an Interstate Highway, \"I-580\", connecting", "id": "10317788" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nExit 110 leading to the I-40 frontage road along the eastbound lanes, which suddenly becomes a divided highway named \"Route 66.\" The first intersection is a connecting road to the parts of the interchange with the eastbound on-ramp, as well as the frontage roads along the westbound lanes, leading to the western terminus of the business loop. Shortly after this is the barely paved Carson County Road BB. The divided highway ends just west of TX FM 295 and Carson County Road CC (Western Avenue), and gains", "id": "294168" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 in New York\n\n\n6 and 202 closely parallel I-84 to the north, between the freeway and one of the upper basins of East Branch Reservoir, part of New York City's water supply system. The northern terminus of NY 121 lets eastbound traffic on and westbound traffic off. Two miles (3.2 km) to the east, Signs appear for Saw Mill Road, exit 1 on Connecticut's stretch of I-84, and its ramps leave the highway just a hundred feet (30 m) before the state line. The route of I-84 through the", "id": "995373" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 34\n\n\nLegion Avenue, later becoming South Frontage Road (former Oak Street), while westbound Route 34 uses North Frontage Road. The eastbound section running along Legion Avenue and South Frontage Road (1.03 miles) is town-maintained. The corresponding westbound section along North Frontage Road is officially designated as State Road 706 but is signed as Route 34 West. Route 34 then continues along the Oak Street Connector, a six-lane freeway that connects to I-91 and I-95. The freeway portion has two westbound exits and three eastbound entrances,", "id": "5492586" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nfor BL-40, because south of this intersection is an approach to a westbound on-eastbound off wye interchange with I-40. Immediately after this intersection, BL-40 ends at an eastbound on-westbound off wye interchange with I-40. The Clinton business loop of Interstate 40 is the fourth business route of I-40 in Oklahoma, running from exit 65 to exit 69, although only part of the route runs along former US 66. The route begins at exit 65, which is an eastbound flyover with no re-entry, and a westbound", "id": "294183" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nand maintenance facility, and then leaves the frontage road at the on ramp to eastbound I-40, where it meets its terminus. The frontage roads along both sides of I-40 continue through three more interchanges before crossing the Texas-Oklahoma State Line. The Erick business loop of Interstate 40 is the first business route of I-40 in Oklahoma. It begins on exit 5 (Honeyfarm Drive) and runs south into North 1720th Road until that street ends at a four-lane divided highway known as East 1240th Road (former Route 66)", "id": "294176" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 542\n\n\nRoute 542 (also known as Ferguson Road) is a state road in northern Connecticut. It is contained inside the town of Vernon. It runs from Route 533 to Route 541. Route 542 begins at Route 543 (Tunnel Road) in the central portion of the town of Vernon. It then heads east for about before intersecting with exit 66 on Interstate 84 (I-84}. Only travelers on westbound I-84 can exit onto Route 542, and that travelers on Route 542 can only get onto westbound I-84. About from the", "id": "1160744" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 71\n\n\nas it intersects West Main Street. While southbound traffic may continue from West Main Street onto Cook Avenue, northbound traffic must turn right onto Hanover Street, then left onto South Grove Street, and left onto West Main Street to continue. Once reunited, Route 71 proceeds west on West Main Street before turning north onto Chamberlain Highway. It then crosses I-691 at Exit 5, with access to and from the west. It then crosses into Berlin, passing the eastern end of Route 364 before turning northeast as the Chamberlain Highway becomes", "id": "18857060" }, { "contents": "Interstate 91\n\n\nparallels the river, never more than from its shore. I-91 then enters the Hartford city limits. In Hartford, I-91 it has a set of interchanges with US 5/Route 15 (Wilbur Cross Highway), which provides access from I-91 north to I-84 east, and from I-84 west to I-91 south via the Charter Oak Bridge. I-91 then has an interchange with I-84, where all other movements to and from I-84 take place. Before leaving the city limits, an HOV lane begins that has its own set of interchanges", "id": "8976772" }, { "contents": "Interstate 210 (Louisiana)\n\n\nShip Channel. At the southeastern end of the bridge, the highway meets with exit 3, Prien Lake Road, eastbound. I-210 heads east through Lake Charles, turning 90 degrees at exit 8, LA 14/Gerstner Memorial Drive. The highway then heads north towards its eastern terminus with I-10 just east of Lake Charles. Though portions of the freeway run north-south, the entire route is signed east-west. All of I-210 is included as part of the National Highway System, a system of roadways important to", "id": "2671252" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 95 in California\n\n\nChemehuevi Mountains before entering the city of Needles after several miles. After passing the Needles Municipal Airport, US 95 merges onto I-40 westbound and continues through Needles on the freeway. US 95 exits from I-40 west of Needles and continues northwest to Searchlight Junction, where US 95 continues north at the junction with the old routing of US 66. The highway continues north, east of Homer Mountain, to the Nevada state line. US 95 is part of the California Freeway and Expressway System, and a small portion near I-10 and the", "id": "21402148" }, { "contents": "Interstate 66\n\n\nInterstate 66 (I-66) is an Interstate Highway in the eastern United States. As indicated by its even route number, it runs in an east–west direction. Its current western terminus is near Middletown, Virginia, at an interchange with I-81; its eastern terminus is in Washington, D.C., at an interchange with U.S. Route 29. Because of its terminus in the Shenandoah Valley, the highway was once called the \"Shenandoah Freeway.\" Much of the route parallels U.S. Route 29 or Virginia State Route 55. Interstate", "id": "9038774" }, { "contents": "Interstate 95 in Connecticut\n\n\nof around 150,000 throughout the entire length between the New York state line and the junction with I-91 in New Haven. The Turnpike intersects with several major expressways, namely US 7 at Exit 15 in Norwalk, Route 8 and Route 25 at Exit 27A in Bridgeport (quickest way to I-84 from southwest CT), the Merritt and Wilbur Cross Parkways at Exit 38 (via the Milford Parkway) in Milford, and Interstate 91 at Exit 48 in New Haven. North (east) of I-91, the Turnpike continues along the Connecticut", "id": "5620386" }, { "contents": "Missouri Route 96\n\n\nRoute 96 was redesignated as Route YY west of Route 171 when Kansas deleted the eastern part of K-96. Route 96 begins at a partial interchange with Interstate 44 (I-44) just west of Halltown (there is no access to westbound I-44 or from eastbound I-44). The highway is a two-lane road and is relatively straight all the way to Carthage. Approximately west of I-44 is the western terminus of Route 266. Approximately further west, Route 96 is joined by Historic Route 66. At Albatross, is an intersection", "id": "11824778" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nI-40, and the former segment of US 66 along the north side continues as one of the two I-40 frontage roads. The Amarillo business loop of Interstate 40 begins at I-40 exit 62A just west of Amarillo. The highway was formerly a business route for Route 66, being that highway's only bannered route in Texas. Bus. I-40 D is known locally as Amarillo Boulevard and is the longest buisness route of Interstate 40. Bus. I-40 D begins at Interstate 40 exit 62A just west of Amarillo near Cadillac Ranch. The", "id": "294164" }, { "contents": "Interstate 540 and North Carolina Highway 540\n\n\nto the Western Wake Freeway and future Southern and Eastern Wake Freeways. As of January 2013, the North Carolina state route traverses east–west from I-40, in Durham County to NC 55, in Holly Springs. Initially intended to be signed as an extension of the I-540 loop, the first section of the route bears mile markers and exit numbers for the complete Interstate loop, going from 66 to 69. In Mid-2012, this section of the beltway became part of the Triangle Expressway. No portion of I-540 is tolled.", "id": "6204061" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 229\n\n\nRoute 229 is a state highway in the western Greater Hartford area of the U.S. state of Connecticut. It runs north–south from Interstate 84 in Southington to U.S. Route 6 in Bristol. Along the way, it intersects Route 72 in the Forestville section of Bristol. Route 229 nominally begins at the end of the eastbound Exit 31 off-ramp of I-84 in western Southington, heading northward along West Street. State maintenance and the official southern end of Route 229 actually begins about south of the off-ramp. West Street", "id": "7429975" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nwhich focuses on the roads former status as Route 66. The commercial strip ends after a dirt road named North Tennessee Street. \"Route 66\" splits from East 12th Street at an intersection that's another connecting road to the eastbound off-ramp of Exit 164, the then runs over the overpass above I-40 to turn right at the frontage road along the westbound lanes leading to the western beginning of the business loop. Eastbound Business Interstate Route 40-J narrows down to a two-lane undivided highway before passing by a TxDOT construction", "id": "294175" }, { "contents": "Highway revolts in the United States\n\n\nInterstate 291 beltway west of Interstate 91, the proposed Interstate 484 expressway through the downtown, and the proposed Interstate 284 expressway between East Hartford and South Windsor, and Interstate 491 from Wethersfield to Manchester. After these freeways were cancelled, the State of Connecticut used the funds allocated for their construction to rebuild and expand existing freeways in the Greater Hartford area. In 1992 the Route 9 Expressway was extended north from I-91 in New Britain to Interstate 84 in Farmington, completing what would have been the southwest quadrant of the I-291 beltway;", "id": "256037" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 in Connecticut\n\n\nthe northern end of the Route 15 expressway, it inherits the Wilbur Cross Highway name for the rest of its length. From 1968 until 1984, the I-84 designation ended here, and the highway became I-86 for the rest of its length, as I-84 was once planned to be built east toward Providence, Rhode Island. I-84 intersects one of the remnants of the abandoned project, I-384, as part of a series of complex interchanges in Manchester including the end of the US 6 concurrency at exit 60, and a connection to", "id": "14727152" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nfrontage roads along the westbound lanes leading to the western beginning of the business loop, and an unorthodox roadside attraction known as the Leaning Tower of Texas. Business Interstate Route 40-F ends at the on ramp to eastbound I-40, as does the divided former US 66, which is converted back into the frontage road along the eastbound lanes of I-40. The McLean business loop of Interstate 40 runs from exit 141 to 143. Officially designated as Business Interstate 40-H by the Texas Department of Transportation, it begins at I-40 at an eastbound flyover", "id": "294170" }, { "contents": "Maryland Route 53\n\n\nstate highway then meets its northern terminus at an intersection with US 40 Alternate in La Vale. Access to westbound I-68 is provided a short distance to the east on US 40 Alternate. MD 53 is part of US 220 Truck, which provides access from Interstate 68 (I-68) west of La Vale to southbound US 220 for trucks due to a truck prohibition on the eastbound exit ramp for I-68's interchange with US 220. The state highway is part of the main National Highway System from US 220 to I-68; in addition", "id": "11898711" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 84\n\n\nend street at the truck stop along the aforementioned frontage road. Interstate 84 Business was a business loop of I-84 along in Morgan, Utah. It ran north along Utah State Route 66 at Exit 103 (State Street) to East 600th Street running along the north side of I-84 until the former westbound-off-ramp and eastbound on-ramp that was once westbound Exit 103 until the mid-1990s. Interstate 84 Business was a business loop of I-84 along in Henefer, Utah. It ran southeast along the southwest side of I-84", "id": "6061978" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 5 in Connecticut\n\n\nStreet becomes Broad Street after the intersection with Hall Avenue as it passes by the eastern part of the city, avoiding the downtown area. Past Olive Street, the road becomes divided with a wide grassy median. At the north end of the divided section, it has an intersection with East Main Street, the main east–west business route through the city. About north of East Main Street, US 5 has an interchange with I-691 (at exit 8). At the intersection with Brittania Street, the road becomes North Broad", "id": "5428414" }, { "contents": "Interstate 91\n\n\nthe river can also be easily accessed in this stretch. At exit 19 is the northern terminus of I-93, a major interstate highway in New England, which provides a direct route south through the White Mountains and to almost all major cities in New Hampshire. Just after exit 19, there are three exits for St. Johnsbury, including a major intersection with US 2. Along westbound US 2, the capital of Vermont, Montpelier, is eventually reached from I-91, although I-89 provides Montpelier with immediate Interstate access. I-91 continues northward", "id": "8976783" }, { "contents": "Massachusetts Turnpike\n\n\nand the seventh-longest gap between exits in the entire Interstate Highway System. The highest elevation on the turnpike exists in The Berkshires, reaching above sea level in Becket; this point is also the highest elevation on I-90 east of South Dakota. Beyond the peak elevation and between the exits, an eastbound runaway truck ramp exists in Russell. The turnpike has an interchange with I-91 and US 5 at exit 4 in West Springfield; it passes over the Connecticut River before reaching Route 33 at exit 5 and I-291 at exit 6", "id": "8595595" }, { "contents": "County Route 66 (California)\n\n\ncrossing paths with the freeway again at Fenner, before heading east on Goffs Road to the junction with US 95. Next, CR 66 cosigns along US 95 south to the junction with I-40, where both the US and county routes cosign with I-40 heading east towards Needles. CR 66 exits the freeway at River Road Cutoff, where it immediately turns onto National Trails Highway after exiting. The route follows National Trails Highway to its end on River Road, then begins its southeast journey into downtown Needles. After an interchange with I-40", "id": "21979064" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 (Pennsylvania–Massachusetts)\n\n\n. This section has many left-hand exits and entrances and sharp curves, which were built for a planned network of freeways. I-84 heads northeast towards New Britain and Hartford, the state capital and the largest community along its eastern length. After intersecting Interstate 91, the road crosses the Connecticut River on the Bulkeley Bridge, oldest on the Interstate system, then becomes the Wilbur Cross Highway and continues towards the northeast. The last exit in Connecticut is Exit 74, an exit for Route 171. I-84 crosses the Massachusetts border", "id": "12185439" }, { "contents": "Rhode Island Route 4\n\n\n. After exit 7, Route 4 continues northward as a six-lane expressway, passing farmlands to the west and entering a suburban region of East Greenwich. The highway crosses under an overpass at Middle Road before interchanging with Route 401, the freeway's final spur, at another partial cloverleaf interchange. Exit 8 is also used to access Route 2 and I-95 south, which has no direct freeway connection with Route 4 north. Shortly after exit 8, the Route 4 designation ends and the mainline of the highway defaults onto I-95", "id": "14737226" }, { "contents": "Cromwell, Connecticut\n\n\nis land and (4.03%) is water. A major north/south highway, Interstate 91, with two Cromwell exits, runs through the Town. The Central Connecticut Expressway (Route 9), opened at the end of 1989, enhances the Town's location as it connects I-95 in Old Saybrook, I-91 in Cromwell and I-84, the State's major east/west highway in New Britain. As of the census of 2010, there were 14,005 people, 5,212 households, and 3,262 families residing in the town.", "id": "17977773" }, { "contents": "Interstate 190 (South Dakota)\n\n\n16 westbound goes east on Omaha Street and eastbound runs north concurrently with I-190. I-190 then becomes a freeway, with an exit to North Street. I-190 then passes under Anamosa Street before an on-ramp from the northbound lanes of West Boulevard. Both US 16 and I-190 then terminate at a trumpet interchange with I-90/US 14/SD 79. Legally, the route of I-190 is defined at South Dakota Codified Laws § 31-4-203. I-190 was opened in 1962 to connect Rapid City to the recently completed", "id": "2672231" }, { "contents": "Interstate 210 and State Route 210 (California)\n\n\nfor the interchange between State Route 57 and the Foothill Freeway, Interstate 210. The \"curve\" portion refers to the interchange from the northbound lanes of State Route 57 to the westbound lanes of I-210, and from the eastbound lanes of I-210 to the southbound lanes of State Route 57. The origin of the name comes from its location in the city of Glendora. Prior to 2002, this interchange was entirely part of I-210, and the eastern terminus of I-210 ended several miles south of the curve at the Kellogg Interchange at", "id": "2671217" }, { "contents": "Interstate 78 in New Jersey\n\n\nEntering more commercial areas, Route 173 merges onto I-78/US 22 at exit 13. At exit 15, the highway interchanges with CR 513, and Route 173 splits from I-78/US 22 by heading north on CR 513. At this point, the freeway enters Franklin Township briefly at exit 15 and then enters Clinton where it crosses the South Branch Raritan River. I-78/US 22 turns northeast and leaves Clinton for Clinton Township, where it has an eastbound exit and westbound entrance for Route 173 that also provides access to", "id": "16353900" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 15\n\n\nlimits, the business route veers onto Center Street and follows that through the center of town. At the north end of the city, I-15 Bus. turns west and runs concurrently with US 30 to its northern end at I-15 Exit 47. Interstate 15 Business runs for exactly through Inkom in northern Bannock County. I-15 Bus. mostly follows Old Highway 91 between Exits 57 and 58, a pair of partial interchanges. Interstate 15 Business spans through Pocatello in northern Bannock County. I-15 Bus. begins at I-15 Exit 67, where", "id": "15434019" }, { "contents": "Interstate 10 in California\n\n\nI-10 down Interstate 5 between the East LA Interchange and the Santa Monica Freeway, negating a section of the San Bernardino Freeway west of I-5. This short section of Route 10 between Route 5 and Route 101, which was formerly defined as Route 110 (signed as Interstate 110) until 1968, is signed overhead for I-10 eastbound and for U.S. 101 westbound. This I-5/I-10 cosigning is consistent with the Federal Highway Administration's Interstate Highway route logs that such an overlap exists for the segment of I-10 in California. I-10 is", "id": "10298840" }, { "contents": "Nevada State Route 425\n\n\ncenter of Verdi, then southeast to its terminus at the I-80 East Verdi interchange (Exit 5). Although designated a state route and an Interstate business route, there are no route shields posted along the highway itself. The I-80 business route extends beyond the end of SR 425. From the highway's western terminus, I-80 Business follows Gold Ranch Road an additional south to end at an I-80 westbound onramp. The highway originally carried State Route 1 and later U.S. Route 40 on its trek west from Reno over Donner Pass towards", "id": "5840323" }, { "contents": "Interstate 516\n\n\ncurrent western terminus of I-516. In 1985, the entire highway from its then-current western terminus at Burnsed Blvd to Montgomery Street was designated as I-516. The freeway portion was extended westward to the interchange with SR 25 (Burnsed Blvd) and eastward to the current eastern terminus. Also US 17/SR 25 and US 80/SR 26 were re-routed along the freeway, from the West Bay Street exit to the Ogeechee Road exit. In 1995, US 17 had a major re-routing through the city", "id": "10860994" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 15\n\n\nState Route 28. Interstate 15 Business is a Business loop of Interstate 15 in Bringham City, and is also concurrent with Business Loop 84. It runs from an interchange at Exit 362 on I-15/84 at first along U.S. Route 91 to the intersection with U.S. Route 89 and UT 13. US 91 continues east along US 89, while BL 15/84 turns left to go north along UT 13 (South Main Street). Further in town, the road serves as the west end of Utah State Route 90. At Forest Street,", "id": "15434015" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 95 in Nevada\n\n\nthe Henderson Spaghetti Bowl (also known as the Hender-Bender) interchange of Interstate 215 and SR 564 and Interstate 515 begins. The freeway then heads west into Downtown Las Vegas, where it intersects Interstate 15. At the Spaghetti Bowl interchange, US 93 follows I-15 northbound and I-515 ends. US 95 heads west, then north at the Rainbow Curve. The freeway portion then ends at Corn Creek Road northwest of the Las Vegas Valley and then it becomes a brief four-lane divided highway. US 95 exits Clark County", "id": "7359006" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 15\n\n\nwhen it turns east onto Alameda Road, which becomes Pocatello Creek Road when it veers northeast to the business route's terminus at I-15 Exit 71. Interstate 15 Business has a length of through Blackfoot in central Bingham County. I-15 Bus. begins at I-15 Exit 89 near the northern end of the Fort Hall Indian Reservation and follows US 91 northeast parallel to the Union Pacific Railroad. The highways cross the Blackfoot River into the city of Blackfoot along Broadway Street. In downtown Blackfoot, the routes veer onto Main Street, then I-15", "id": "15434021" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 50 in Maryland\n\n\neastbound exit. Following this interchange, US 50 passes office parks and industrial development in New Carrollton. The highway reaches a hybrid turbine interchange with I-95/I-495, the Capital Beltway. At the I-95/I-495 interchange, the US 50 freeway becomes part of the Interstate Highway System as I-595, which is an unsigned highway. The road heads east as an ten-lane freeway, with the left lane in each direction designated as a high-occupancy vehicle lane (HOV lane). The freeway passes near residential development and", "id": "21110676" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nloop of Interstate 40 is the third business route of I-40 in Oklahoma. It runs northeast along former US 66 from eastbound exit 32 and turns east after the beginning of an overlap with OK 6 that runs along the route until OK 6 turns south at North Main Street. From there it snakes through the northeastern part of the city and after the intersection with OK 34 finally terminates with I-40 at westbound exit 41. The route begins at a left exit in a wye interchange with Interstate 40, which also serves as a connection", "id": "294180" }, { "contents": "Iowa Highway 330\n\n\nused as a connector between Des Moines and the Waterloo–Cedar Falls area. Iowa 330 begins at an interchange with Interstate 80 (I-80), U.S. Route 6 (US 6), and US 65 in Altoona. The I-80 freeway runs east–west; US 6 comes up from the southwest along Hubbell Avenue and joins eastbound I-80 while US 65 exits eastbound I-80 and turns onto Hubbell heading northeast. For the first of its routing, Iowa 330 shares the same roadway with US 65. The two routes head northeast on", "id": "10381823" }, { "contents": "Interstate 180 (Pennsylvania)\n\n\nat an interchange with U.S. Route 15 and U.S. Route 220. The highway begins its signage, concurrent along these routes. At exit 27A, US 15 leaves the overlap running south across the Carl E. Stotz Memorial Little League Bridge and I-180 continues eastward, still concurrent with US 220 northbound. From there, I-180 runs along the West Branch Susquehanna River until the highway reaches the eastern suburbs of Williamsport, where US 220 leaves the Interstate via exit 15. From US 220 to the eastern terminus, I-180 is aligned north–south", "id": "4494305" }, { "contents": "Interstate 76 (Ohio–New Jersey)\n\n\nJersey. After I-76 reaches its eastern terminus, the freeway continues as Route 42 and the Atlantic City Expressway to Atlantic City. I-76 begins at I-71 at exit 209, east of Lodi, Ohio; U.S. Route 224 (US 224) continues west from the end of I-76. The interchange was previously a double trumpet, but was reconstructed in 2010. Officially, I-76 begins at the beginning of the ramp from I-71 north; it merges with US 224 at mile 0.61. After passing through rural Medina County, I-76 enters Summit", "id": "12185505" }, { "contents": "Interstate 215 (Utah)\n\n\ninterchange features a grade-separated ramp from northbound 2000 East to eastbound I-215. Past this junction, another interchange at Union Park Avenue appears. Another grade-separated ramp from Union Park Avenue is present. The freeway enters Murray as an interchange serving westbound motorists connects to 280 East and State Street (U.S. Route 89, or US-89). Eastbound travelers connect to State Street further west at a separate exit. The road turns northwest for a short time to approach a junction at I-15 (often called the South Interchange).", "id": "9551591" }, { "contents": "List of state routes in Connecticut\n\n\n. Routes are signed state highways and are assigned numbers from 1 to 399 (with the exception of I-684 and I-691). All state, U.S. and Interstate highways are part of the same numbering system. In 1926, the U.S. highway system was implemented. U.S. Routes 1, 5, 6, and 7 were used as designations on several primary state highways, replacing New England routes 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. The other New England routes that were not re-designated as U.S. routes became ordinary", "id": "5492536" }, { "contents": "Interstate 291 (Massachusetts)\n\n\ndirectly through highly populated areas of Springfield, and passes under several overpasses. From its southwestern terminus to exit 5A, Interstate 291 is concurrent with U.S. Route 20. I-291 is only from Interstate 291 in Connecticut, and there are no intervening Interstate Highway interchanges between them. It can be easy for travelers to become confused between the two highways. Interstate 291 begins as a spur of Interstate 91 at Exit 8 in Springfield, concurrent with U.S. 20, which merges from the north. The two entry ramps from I-91 merge with each", "id": "1778230" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 15\n\n\nprovides access to the end of the Sprinter commuter train line. Shortly thereafter, I-15 Business intersects County Route S14, and then interchanges with State Route 78. The interchange is the last interchange on the 78 before its freeway status ends, and there are only ramps for a westbound entrance or eastbound exit. Continuing north, I-15 Business intersects with El Norte Parkway, a major arterial road, before reconnecting with Interstate 15 at I-15 exit 34 near the northern city limits of Escondido. Though the street itself continues northward well on into", "id": "15434009" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 9\n\n\nSaybrook to I-91 in Cromwell is known as the \"Chester Bowles Highway\". The section from I-91 in Cromwell to Exit 24 in Berlin is known as the \"Korean War Veterans Memorial Highway\". The section from Route 72 in New Britain to Route 175 in Newington is known as the \"Taras Shevchenko Expressway\". The section from Route 175 in Newington to the junction with I-84 is known as the \"Iwo Jima Memorial Expressway\". The road connecting Deep River (then known as Saybrook) and Wethersfield along the west", "id": "15881247" }, { "contents": "Colorado State Highway 74\n\n\nthe Evergreen Parkway segment to four lanes and constructing an interchange with I-70. SH 74 begins at an interchange with I-70 in El Rancho. Ramps from I-70 westbound branch off the freeway's exit 252 from the north side and cross the highway southwestward. Access to SH 74 from I-70 eastbound is provided via U.S. Highway 40 (US 40) a slight distance to the west. From I-70, the roadway heads southwesterly through El Rancho, meeting an intersection with US 40 (Swede Gulch Road). The route heads westward before turning", "id": "12873578" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 84\n\n\nsoutheast corner of that intersection, and the contemporary but still traditional Brigham City Utah Temple on the southwest corner. UT 13 ends at the southern terminus of the overlap of US 89/91, and BL-15/84 makes a sharp right turn along southbound US 91, while South Main Street is taken over by southbound US 89. US 91/BL-15/84 runs west along West 1100th Street South. BL-15/84 ends at Exit 362, a diverging diamond interchange with I-15/84, while West 1100th Street South continues into the I-15 frontage road, and becomes a dead", "id": "6061977" }, { "contents": "Interstate 384\n\n\naccess to I-384 is provided through a complex interchange that also provides access from Pleasant Valley Road near Buckland Hills Mall and from I-291. I-384's first exit is for Spencer Street. The eastbound ramp is on the I-384 mainline, while the westbound ramp comes from a split in the I-84 interchange ramp. Just east of the Spencer Street overpass, the ramp from westbound I-84 joins the I-384 mainline and the HOV lane becomes a conventional lane. I-384 continues along the southern part of Manchester. It has one interchange before it intersects Route", "id": "10503365" }, { "contents": "Interstate 78 in New Jersey\n\n\ninto Springfield Township. The freeway passes near First Watchung Mountain before coming to the Route 24 interchange, where suburban development becomes more dense. At Route 24, I-78 divides into local and express lanes, with three express and three local lanes eastbound and two express and three local lanes westbound. In this section of the highway, most access is via the local lanes, though the next exit for Route 124 includes a direct westbound onramp to the express lanes. Before Route 124, I-78 briefly runs east through Millburn in Essex County", "id": "16353906" }, { "contents": "California State Route 237\n\n\n85. Westbound traffic can connect to Route 85 southbound, but the eastbound traffic connection to Route 85 northbound is labeled as an exit for U.S. 101. Route 237 intersects with Highway 101 at the southern corner of Moffett Field. After this intersection, a carpool lane is added, for a total of three lanes in either direction. It remains like this until the east end of the freeway at Interstate 880, where most eastbound traffic is directed to northbound I-880. The route then becomes a city street (an arterial road)", "id": "9003349" }, { "contents": "Massachusetts Route 141\n\n\nas Easthampton Road, crossing roads south of Mount Tom. Crossing through the Rock Valley section of Holyoke, the highway passes south of the Whiting Reservoir and Wyckoff Country Club, entering the Smiths Valley section. Through Smiths Valley, Route 141 runs southeast through a residential neighborhood, reaching a ramp to Interstate 91 southbound (I-91 exit 17). After another turn, the route crosses into a trumpet interchange with I-91 northbound, becoming a one-way couplet through downtown Holyoke. Route 141 eastbound runs along Dwight Street while Route 141", "id": "2532205" }, { "contents": "Interstate 295 (Delaware–Pennsylvania)\n\n\nof Penndel. Following this interchange, the freeway runs south-southeast near suburban residential areas as it heads west of Levittown. I-295 enters Bristol Township and terminates at an interchange with I-95 at I-276 (Pennsylvania Turnpike). At this interchange, I-295 merges into southbound I-95, with access from westbound I-295 to southbound I-95 and from northbound I-95 to eastbound I-295; there are no ramps connecting I-295 and the Pennsylvania Turnpike. In the 1927 New Jersey state highway renumbering, Route 39 was legislated to begin at the Yardley–Wilburtha Bridge", "id": "9627779" }, { "contents": "James River Freeway\n\n\n. The portion of the James River Freeway between I-44 and the interchange with US 60 and Route 413 is designated as Route 360. Other than its endpoints, there is only one interchange on the route: Route MM in Brookline (now part of Republic). Exit markers for the highway mark the road as the James River Freeway and have no control cities, only \"To Route 60\" eastbound and \"To I-44\" westbound. The control cities between US 60 and US 65 are Republic westbound and Rogersville eastbound. At", "id": "6615288" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 6 in Rhode Island\n\n\nturns south on the I-295 collector/distributor roads to the west end of that freeway. The south interchange of US 6 and I-295 has numerous ramp stubs once intended for a western continuation of the Roberts Expressway as Interstate 84. The six-lane Roberts Expressway has interchanges with Route 5, U.S. Route 6A, Route 128, and US 6A again on its way to Olneyville. It crosses from Johnston into Providence just west of the bridge over Route 128. At the second US 6A interchange, the older Olneyville Bypass begins,", "id": "21794194" }, { "contents": "Flatbush Avenue Connector\n\n\nstate proposed the corridor as the Cedar Ridge Connector with no number, leading from its current terminus at I-84 to U.S. 5/Route 15 in Wethersfield. The short expressway planned to include an interchange with a planned but cancelled Route 71 expressway leading to New Britain. Circa 2015, the viaduct carrying the northbound ramp to Eastbound I-84 was removed, and a new alignment adjacent to the southbound off ramp from Westbound I-84 was built. Exit 45 is currently an incomplete interchange, with ramps only for I-84 westbound to SR 504 (left", "id": "5839909" }, { "contents": "Interstate 195 (New Jersey)\n\n\ndesignation west and south, along existing I-95 instead. I-195's western terminus is at a modified cloverleaf interchange with I-295 in Hamilton Township, Mercer County, located southeast of the city of Trenton. From this end, the freeway continues north into Trenton as Route 29. I-195 serves as the southern continuation of Route 29, continuing east from I-295 as a six-lane expressway, passing between suburban neighborhoods to the north and the Crosswicks Creek to the south. After the exit for US 206, the highway narrows to four lanes", "id": "14760197" }, { "contents": "Massachusetts Route 25\n\n\nRoute 25 west mainline onto Route 495 north, with the right-hand lane serving I-195 via Exit 1. From I-195, Route 25 east is accessible via Exit 22A; I-195 terminates at the interchange. Interstate 495 also terminates at its junction with Route 25; the two southbound lanes of I-495 default onto Route 25 east. After the interchange with I-195 and I-495, Route 25 begins to head in a southeastern direction into the town of Wareham as a six-lane freeway. The route passes under Tihonet Road and through Maple", "id": "18239659" }, { "contents": "California State Route 56\n\n\ncompleted in 1995 after several lawsuits filed by the Sierra Club and other community groups. The two ends were not connected until the middle portion of the freeway was completed in 2004. The delay was largely due to funding issues and environmental concerns. Eastbound SR 56 begins as a ramp from the northbound I-5's local bypass lanes. The interchange is not complete; southbound I-5 traffic must exit to Carmel Valley Road before entering SR 56. Westbound traffic on SR 56 merges into the southbound I-5 local bypass lanes, which provide access to", "id": "2729277" }, { "contents": "Utah State Route 161\n\n\nState Route 161 (SR-161) is a long state highway, designated as a rural major connector, completely within Millard County in central Utah. The highway connects Interstate 70 (I-70) to I-15 while providing service to historic Cove Fort. The route was once part of U.S. Route 91 (US-91), but was renumbered to SR-161 in the 1970s, in parallel with the construction of I-70. Located entirely in southeastern Millard County, SR-161 starts at a diamond interchange with the westernmost exit on I-70 before it terminates at I-15.", "id": "14472451" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 in Connecticut\n\n\nbrief concurrency with Route 72 to the New Britain city line. From the Route 72 junction through Farmington, West Hartford, and into Hartford, I-84 has many left-hand exits and entrances and sharp curves, which were built for a planned network of freeways. In Farmington, US 6 joins I-84 once again at exit 38, and both meet the northern end of the Route 9 expressway at a half-used multi-level stack interchange that was originally planned to be part of the mostly-cancelled I-291 Hartford Beltway.", "id": "14727150" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 40\n\n\nan interchange. Route 40 begins from northbound I-91 in North Haven as the Exit 10 off-ramp. The designation runs for along the exit ramp. The expressway then proceeds northwest and is joined by on-ramps from Bailey Road and southbound I-91. The I-91 interchange includes an overpass over the Quinnipiac River and railroad tracks. About past the I-91 interchange, the road crosses over another set of railroad tracks, then has an interchange with U.S. Route 5. Access to and from US 5 is via Dixwell Avenue (SR 717", "id": "15644232" }, { "contents": "Interstate 695 (District of Columbia)\n\n\nsome remaining \"To I-395\" signage can still be found along I-695 westbound. The new signs designate I-695 as extending from the point where I-395 branches off from the Southeast Freeway, with I-695 continuing along the Southeast Freeway and over the new 11th Street Bridge to the interchange with I-295. However, some commentators contend the new signage is confusing and that the Southeast Freeway is often confused with Baltimore's Beltway, a highway with the same route designation. The entire route is in Washington, D.C. Exits were unnumbered until July 2014.", "id": "13815020" }, { "contents": "California State Route 91\n\n\nState Route 91 (SR 91) is a major east–west state highway in the U.S. state of California that serves several regions of the Greater Los Angeles urban area. A freeway throughout its entire length, it officially runs from Vermont Avenue in Gardena, just west of the junction with the Harbor Freeway (Interstate 110, I-110), east to Riverside at the junction with the Pomona (SR 60 west of SR 91) and Moreno Valley (SR 60 and I-215 east of SR 91) freeways. Though signs along", "id": "4945631" }, { "contents": "Tennessee State Route 182\n\n\nState Route 182 (abbreviated SR 182) is a secondary state highway in western Dyer County, Tennessee. This route is primarily rural in nature throughout its length. The first of SR 182 from its southern terminus with SR 104 to Interstate 155 is a modern two-lane facility with a speed limit. I-155 ended at Exit 7 during the 1970s and this section of SR 182 also served as a temporary link to SR 104 for eastbound motorists until the freeway was completed to Exit 15. SR 182 north of I-155 to its", "id": "12693771" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 4 in New Hampshire\n\n\nI-93 southbound, and runs along the freeway until Exit 15E in Concord. At this interchange, US-4 leaves I-93 and joins Interstate 393 and U.S. Route 202 which run eastbound out of the city. The two U.S. routes overlap I-393 to its terminus in the northern corner of Pembroke. I-393 then ends, and US-4/US-202 merge onto Route 9 eastbound through Chichester and into Epsom. The road crosses Route 28 at the Epsom Traffic Circle, then continues east and intersects Route 107, forming a long four-route concurrency into Northwood", "id": "19470164" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 9\n\n\nriver, it passes through the towns of Essex, Deep River, Chester, Haddam, and Middletown). After its junction with Interstate 91 in Cromwell, Route 9 continues westward then northward, running through the Hartford area towns/cities of Berlin, New Britain, Newington, and Farmington. At the junction with I-84/US 6 near the Farmington - West Hartford town line, Route 9 follows the ramps for eastbound I-84 and ends at the merge with I-84 immediately after crossing the town line. Route 9 has a non", "id": "15881245" }, { "contents": "Maryland Route 32\n\n\nCSX line) and several industrial parks in Annapolis Junction. MD 32 continues northwest into Savage, where the highway has a cloverleaf interchange with US 1 (Washington Boulevard) that includes collector-distributor lanes in both directions. North of Savage, the freeway has a partial cloverleaf interchange with I-95 that has a pair of left-exiting ramps from westbound MD 32 to southbound I-95 and from eastbound MD 32 to northbound I-95; because of these left exits, I-95 is configured differently in that its southbound lanes pass under MD 32 and", "id": "8470347" }, { "contents": "Interstate 95 in Massachusetts\n\n\nto eight lanes. Then the highway passes through Newton, then enters Weston and has a large interchange with the Massachusetts Turnpike (I-90) that provides connections to nearby Route 30. There is a fourth lane after the interchange with Route 9. Exits 23, 24, and 25 are one combined exit northbound. I-95 and Route 128 are due west of Boston at this point and begin to turn to the northeast, serving the city of Waltham and the town of Lexington along the way. The freeway has an interchange with Route", "id": "18993893" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 372\n\n\nthe Mattabesset River, intersecting I-91 at Exit 21. It then widens to 4 lanes, and intersects the northern end of Route 217. Farther east, it crosses Route 3 before meeting Route 9 once again at Exit 19. It then turns southeast to at an intersection with Route 99 at the Cromwell town center. Route 72 was established in the 1932 state highway renumbering between Route 66 in Middletown and Route 10 Plainville. By the beginning of 1963, after the implementation of the 1962 Route Reclassification Act, Route 72 was extended", "id": "8495485" }, { "contents": "Interstate 664\n\n\nhas a connection to Portsmouth through Virginia State Route 164 (SR 164) and to Suffolk via U.S. Route 13, US 58, and US 460. I-664 begins at a full Y interchange with I-64 and I-264 that serves as the terminus of all three Interstates in the Bowers Hill section of the city of Chesapeake. I-64 heads southeast as a continuation of the Hampton Roads Beltway through Chesapeake while I-264 heads east toward Portsmouth and Norfolk. I-664 heads west as an eight-lane freeway that has a southbound-only exit ramp to", "id": "13145352" }, { "contents": "Virginia State Route 194\n\n\ncloverleaf interchange with I-64 (Hampton Roads Beltway) that only contains ramps in the northeast and southwest quadrants of the interchange. Northbound SR 194 has an exit ramp to and an entrance ramp from westbound I-64. Southbound SR 194 has an exit ramp to and an entrance ramp from eastbound I-64. The missing connections with I-64 are made via SR 247 to the south and SR 165 (Little Creek Road) to the north of the Interstate. North of SR 165, SR 194 becomes a four-lane divided highway north to its", "id": "19152409" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nalphabetic values to allow for future system expansion. The alphabetic naming suffixes are included as small letters on the bottom of reassurance shields. The Glenrio business spur of Interstate 40 begins at I-40 on exit 0 just east of the New Mexico-Texas state line. The highway runs south from the interchange towards Former route 66, then turns west along that decommissioned route where it terminates at the Texas-New Mexico State Line. The Adrian business loop of Interstate 40 begins at I-40 at exit 22 and runs along Former route 66 to", "id": "294158" }, { "contents": "Vermont Route 103\n\n\nand slightly better road across the Green Mountains to Rutland, it is a direct east–west road intersecting Interstate 91 significantly north of the diagonal 103. Numerous proposals to widen 103 into a two-lane freeway or similar limited-access roadway have failed, even though a substantial power company right of way shadows the road for much of its length. VT 103 begins at U.S. Route 5 in Rockingham just east of Interstate 91 and just north of Bellows Falls. From there, it interchanges with I-91 at exit 6 and proceeds", "id": "13506058" } ]

[ { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\nInterstate 691 (I-691) is a portion of the Interstate Highway System in Connecticut beginning at Interstate 91 in Meriden and ending at Interstate 84 near the Cheshire-Southington town line. It is in length, including of the exit ramp to the merge with westbound I-84. I-691 is also known as the Henry D. Altobello Highway for its entire length. I-691 is the main east–west highway of the city of Meriden. The freeway actually begins in Middlefield as Route 66, technically becoming I-691 at the junction with I-91 (Exit", "id": "767379" }, { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\n11). However, westbound signage indicates I-691 begins at the start of the freeway (just west of Exit 13), while eastbound signage shows I-691 ending at the Route 15 interchange (at eastbound Exit 10 about west of the interchange with I-91). To go from I-91 northbound to I-691 westbound (or from I-691 eastbound to I-91 southbound), one must actually use Route 15. Exit 9 westbound provides access to Route 15 North. West of the I-91/Route 15 interchange, I-691 meets US 5, which provides", "id": "767380" }, { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\n66. The highway was extended west to Exit 4 by 1971. The connection to I-84 was eventually completed in 1987, with the renumbering to I-691 done at the same time. The portion east of I-91 remained as Route 66. Environmental and community groups successfully blocked attempts to extend the freeway east of its present terminus due to potential impacts on the Mt. Higby Reservoir, which provides drinking water for the local area. A compromise was reached in the late 1990s allowing CONNDOT to convert Route 66 from a 2-lane road to 4 lanes", "id": "767383" }, { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\nat Exit 4. It then crosses the Quinnipiac River into Cheshire, where it has an interchange with Route 10, then continues west to end at I-84 at the Southington/Cheshire town line. The highway officially ends as it merges into I-84 West. In the 1940s, the I-691 routing was part of a planned US 6A Expressway from Southington to Willimantic. A section of the expressway (from its Middlefield terminus west to Exit 8) first opened in 1966. By 1968, the US 6A designation was dropped in favor of Route", "id": "767382" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 66\n\n\nRoute 66 is a Connecticut state highway running from Meriden to Windham, serving as an alternate east–west route to US 6 through east-central Connecticut. Route 66 officially begins at I-91 in Meriden as the extension of I-691, which officially ends at its interchange with I-91. This freeway portion runs for about into the town of Middlefield, where it becomes a four lane surface road. In Middlefield, it has junctions with the northern end of Route 147, and the southern end of Route 217. It then enters Middletown", "id": "16691092" }, { "contents": "Interstate 91\n\n\nUS 5 begins at the first of its many interchanges with the freeway. Leaving New Haven, I-91 follows a northeastward trek into North Haven, where it meets the southern end of the Route 40 expressway. It travels through the eastern part of Wallingford before entering the eastern part of the city of Meriden. In Meriden, about halfway between Hartford and New Haven, I-91 sees a complex set of interchanges with the Wilbur Cross Parkway (Route 15), the Route 66 expressway, and its first spur route, I-691. I-691", "id": "8976770" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 15\n\n\nmore northeasterly in North Haven. Major junctions include the Milford Parkway (SR 796), a connector providing access to Interstate 95 and US 1 beginning just east of the Sikorsky Bridge; US 5 in Wallingford; and a complex set of interchanges in Meriden providing access to I-91, I-691, and the Route 66 expressway. The parkway ends about a mile north of I-691 as US 5 joins Route 15 and the road becomes a four-lane divided highway with signalized and at-grade intersections known as the Berlin Turnpike. After", "id": "14881517" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 66\n\n\nthe expressway from US 5 in Meriden to Middlefield (where the current expressway ends) opened to traffic. By 1968, the US 6A designation was removed and split into several routes. The section from I-84 in Southington to US 6 in Columbia was renumbered as Route 66, including the newly opened freeway segment. In 1971, another section of the Route 66 freeway opened from between Route 322 and US 5. In 1987, with the completion of the freeway connection to I-84, the section of Route 66 west of I-91 was", "id": "16691099" }, { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\naccess to Route 15 North for eastbound traffic. Exit 7 provides access to Downtown Meriden. Westbound traffic exits onto State Street Extension, while eastbound traffic enters onto Columbia Street. Exits 6 and 5 provide access to Route 71, as well as access to Westfield Meriden. Exit 6 exits to Lewis Avenue, while Exit 5 exits directly to Route 71. From here, I-691 passes along the north side of Hubbard Park as well as by Castle Craig before it crosses into Southington. It then meets the eastern end of Route 322", "id": "767381" }, { "contents": "Interstate 291 (Connecticut)\n\n\nInterstate 291 (I-291) is a short Interstate Highway in the state of Connecticut that starts at I-91 at its junction with Route 218 in Windsor and ends at I-84 in Manchester. It serves as a northeastern bypass of Hartford. The official length of I-291 is , including of the exit ramp to the merge with eastbound I-84. I-291 is also known as the Vietnam Veterans Memorial Highway for its entire length. I-291 begins at I-91 in Windsor at an interchange that also provides access to and from Route 218. Heading southeast, I-291", "id": "4834367" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 in Connecticut\n\n\ncity of Waterbury, where it intersects the Route 8 expressway and crosses the Naugatuck River on an elevated dual-decked viaduct known locally as The Mixmaster. After passing through Cheshire, I-84 intersects the western end of I-691 at the Cheshire–Southington town line, which is also the New Haven–Hartford county line. I-84 turns more northerly for a stretch to exit 31 (Route 229), which provides access to Lake Compounce Amusement Park and ESPN World Headquarters. The freeway heads more northeasterly to Plainville, where it has a", "id": "14727149" }, { "contents": "Interstate 384\n\n\nInterstate 384 (I-384) is an Interstate Highway located entirely within the state of Connecticut. It runs east to west, going from Interstate 84 in East Hartford to U.S. Route 6/U.S. Route 44 in Bolton. I-384 officially begins at I-84 eastbound Exit 59 at the East Hartford/Manchester town line, as the right 2 lanes of traffic split from the I-84 mainline. The highway can also be accessed from the I-84 eastbound HOV lane, and westbound I-384 traffic can also access the HOV lane on westbound I-84. Westbound I-84", "id": "10503364" }, { "contents": "Special routes of U.S. Route 6\n\n\n6A from Plymouth–Farmington, this became US 6A. This US 6A was subsequently extended through Meriden to Willimantic along modern Route 66. An expressway upgrade was planned for this US 6A. Only a portion of the highway was built and is now I-691. U.S. Route 6A (US 6A) between Coventry and Windham was designated when New England Interstate Route 3 (NE-3) was deleted. The route was swapped with the old US 6 in 1939 and finally deleted in 1942 when US 6A became Route 31. U.S. Route 6A (US", "id": "10795785" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 (Pennsylvania–Massachusetts)\n\n\nNew Milford. Route 6 leaves the interstate at the next exit, and I-84 continues east across the countryside. At Exit 11, it turns to the northeast and descends to cross the Housatonic River on the Rochambeau Bridge, into New Haven County. It then climbs onto higher ground to the city of Waterbury, which it passes on an elevated viaduct with the eastbound and westbound lanes on different levels. Here the CT 8 expressway intersects. The eastern heading continues past Waterbury to Milldale, where Interstate 691 splits off to the east", "id": "12185438" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 120\n\n\nRoute 120 is a state highway in Connecticut, running entirely in the town of Southington. It serves as a more direct connection between the town center of Southington and the city of Meriden. Route 120 begins at an intersection with Route 322 in southeastern Southington, just west of the Meriden city line and about from an interchange with I-691. It heads in a northwest direction, crossing Misery Brook about later, passing by the St. Thomas Cemetery, then intersecting with Route 364 after another . Route 120 ends at an intersection with Route", "id": "21983096" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 322\n\n\nmeets Route 10 at a grade separated intersection. It briefly crosses into Cheshire before crossing the Quinnipiac River and reentering southeastern Southington. It meets the southern end of Route 120 before ending at an interchange with I-691 near the Southington-Meriden town line. The road continues into Meriden as West Main Street. Route 322 was established in 1963, running from Route 69 to then US 6A (Meriden Road) in Wolcott. The year before becoming a signed route, Route 322 was taken over by the state and designated as unsigned SR", "id": "8420887" }, { "contents": "Interstate 91\n\n\n. As such, it is almost always heavily trafficked (especially during rush hour), and maintains at least three lanes in each direction through Connecticut except for a short portion in Hartford at the interchange with I-84 and in Meriden at the interchange with Route 15. The three cities also serve as Connecticut's control points along its length of the Interstate. I-91 begins just east of downtown New Haven at an interchange with I-95 (the Connecticut Turnpike), and Route 34. At the bottom of the ramp for exit 5,", "id": "8976769" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 66\n\n\nIt ran from the Milldale section of Southington, via Meriden and Middletown, to Willimantic. In the 1932 state highway renumbering, old Highway 111 was designated as part of Route 14, which extended from Woodbury to the Rhode Island state line. In 1941, the section of Route 14 from Woodbury to Willimantic was redesignated as US 6A, connecting at US 6 on both ends. In the early 1960s, plans for constructing a US 6A expressway between I-84 in Southington and Willimantic were announced. By 1966, a short portion of", "id": "16691098" }, { "contents": "Interstate 66\n\n\nfrom eastbound I-66 to the West Falls Church Metro station at the Leesburg Pike (Virginia State Route 7) interchange and will provide a new bridge for the W&OD Trail over Lee Highway (Virginia State Route 29). In Washington D.C., I-66 was planned to extend east of its current terminus along the North Leg of the Inner Loop freeway. I-66 would have also met the eastern terminus of a planned Interstate 266 at US 29, and the western terminus of the South Leg Freeway (I-695) at US 50; I-266 would", "id": "9038810" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 10\n\n\n. It then turns north onto Dixwell Avenue, and intersects the Wilbur Cross Parkway (Route 15) at Exit 60. In the center of Hamden, it turns onto Whitney Avenue. Proceeding northward, it encounters the northern end of the Route 40 freeway and the western end of Route 22 . In Cheshire, it meets the eastern end of Route 42, and has a brief triplex with Routes 68 and 70. At the north end of town is a junction with I-691 at Exit 3. It then enters Southington, where", "id": "16098035" }, { "contents": "Interstate 80 in Iowa\n\n\nthe east at the Jordan Creek Parkway exit. The highway adds a third lane eastbound and drops the third lane westbound. Almost to the east is the interchange with I-35, which also marks the beginning of I-235. Eastbound I-80 exits the freeway via a flyover ramp to northbound I-35; eastbound I-235 begins as the continuation of the I-80 freeway. Locally, this exit is called the West Mixmaster. I-80 shares the next with I-35 on a six-lane freeway where each direction's three lanes are separated by a Jersey barrier.", "id": "3837266" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 68\n\n\nto its junction with I-91 at Exit 15. After overpassing I-91 and passing a couple of business parks, Route 68 becomes a 2 lane road once again. It then enters Durham, where it passes the southern end of Route 157 before ending at Route 17 in the center of town. The road connecting Naugatuck and Cheshire was designated in 1922 as State Highway 325. In the 1932 state highway renumbering, former Highway 325 was renumbered to Route 68. The route was later extended east to Middlefield in 1966 along former SR 607", "id": "3645090" }, { "contents": "Interstate 480 (Nebraska–Iowa)\n\n\nLeavenworth neighborhood from the Old Market neighborhood. Shortly after the Leavenworth Street exit is the Harney Street exit, which provides access to U.S. Route 6 from eastbound I-480. before the North Freeway interchange, I-480 passes beneath Dodge and Douglas Streets, which are the westbound and eastbound lanes of U.S. 6, respectively. Just to the southwest of the Creighton University campus is the North Freeway interchange, where US 75 leaves eastbound I-480 and joins westbound. The North Freeway was originally planned to be an Interstate Highway, \"I-580\", connecting", "id": "10317788" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nExit 110 leading to the I-40 frontage road along the eastbound lanes, which suddenly becomes a divided highway named \"Route 66.\" The first intersection is a connecting road to the parts of the interchange with the eastbound on-ramp, as well as the frontage roads along the westbound lanes, leading to the western terminus of the business loop. Shortly after this is the barely paved Carson County Road BB. The divided highway ends just west of TX FM 295 and Carson County Road CC (Western Avenue), and gains", "id": "294168" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 in New York\n\n\n6 and 202 closely parallel I-84 to the north, between the freeway and one of the upper basins of East Branch Reservoir, part of New York City's water supply system. The northern terminus of NY 121 lets eastbound traffic on and westbound traffic off. Two miles (3.2 km) to the east, Signs appear for Saw Mill Road, exit 1 on Connecticut's stretch of I-84, and its ramps leave the highway just a hundred feet (30 m) before the state line. The route of I-84 through the", "id": "995373" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 34\n\n\nLegion Avenue, later becoming South Frontage Road (former Oak Street), while westbound Route 34 uses North Frontage Road. The eastbound section running along Legion Avenue and South Frontage Road (1.03 miles) is town-maintained. The corresponding westbound section along North Frontage Road is officially designated as State Road 706 but is signed as Route 34 West. Route 34 then continues along the Oak Street Connector, a six-lane freeway that connects to I-91 and I-95. The freeway portion has two westbound exits and three eastbound entrances,", "id": "5492586" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nfor BL-40, because south of this intersection is an approach to a westbound on-eastbound off wye interchange with I-40. Immediately after this intersection, BL-40 ends at an eastbound on-westbound off wye interchange with I-40. The Clinton business loop of Interstate 40 is the fourth business route of I-40 in Oklahoma, running from exit 65 to exit 69, although only part of the route runs along former US 66. The route begins at exit 65, which is an eastbound flyover with no re-entry, and a westbound", "id": "294183" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nand maintenance facility, and then leaves the frontage road at the on ramp to eastbound I-40, where it meets its terminus. The frontage roads along both sides of I-40 continue through three more interchanges before crossing the Texas-Oklahoma State Line. The Erick business loop of Interstate 40 is the first business route of I-40 in Oklahoma. It begins on exit 5 (Honeyfarm Drive) and runs south into North 1720th Road until that street ends at a four-lane divided highway known as East 1240th Road (former Route 66)", "id": "294176" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 542\n\n\nRoute 542 (also known as Ferguson Road) is a state road in northern Connecticut. It is contained inside the town of Vernon. It runs from Route 533 to Route 541. Route 542 begins at Route 543 (Tunnel Road) in the central portion of the town of Vernon. It then heads east for about before intersecting with exit 66 on Interstate 84 (I-84}. Only travelers on westbound I-84 can exit onto Route 542, and that travelers on Route 542 can only get onto westbound I-84. About from the", "id": "1160744" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 71\n\n\nas it intersects West Main Street. While southbound traffic may continue from West Main Street onto Cook Avenue, northbound traffic must turn right onto Hanover Street, then left onto South Grove Street, and left onto West Main Street to continue. Once reunited, Route 71 proceeds west on West Main Street before turning north onto Chamberlain Highway. It then crosses I-691 at Exit 5, with access to and from the west. It then crosses into Berlin, passing the eastern end of Route 364 before turning northeast as the Chamberlain Highway becomes", "id": "18857060" }, { "contents": "Interstate 91\n\n\nparallels the river, never more than from its shore. I-91 then enters the Hartford city limits. In Hartford, I-91 it has a set of interchanges with US 5/Route 15 (Wilbur Cross Highway), which provides access from I-91 north to I-84 east, and from I-84 west to I-91 south via the Charter Oak Bridge. I-91 then has an interchange with I-84, where all other movements to and from I-84 take place. Before leaving the city limits, an HOV lane begins that has its own set of interchanges", "id": "8976772" }, { "contents": "Interstate 210 (Louisiana)\n\n\nShip Channel. At the southeastern end of the bridge, the highway meets with exit 3, Prien Lake Road, eastbound. I-210 heads east through Lake Charles, turning 90 degrees at exit 8, LA 14/Gerstner Memorial Drive. The highway then heads north towards its eastern terminus with I-10 just east of Lake Charles. Though portions of the freeway run north-south, the entire route is signed east-west. All of I-210 is included as part of the National Highway System, a system of roadways important to", "id": "2671252" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 95 in California\n\n\nChemehuevi Mountains before entering the city of Needles after several miles. After passing the Needles Municipal Airport, US 95 merges onto I-40 westbound and continues through Needles on the freeway. US 95 exits from I-40 west of Needles and continues northwest to Searchlight Junction, where US 95 continues north at the junction with the old routing of US 66. The highway continues north, east of Homer Mountain, to the Nevada state line. US 95 is part of the California Freeway and Expressway System, and a small portion near I-10 and the", "id": "21402148" }, { "contents": "Interstate 66\n\n\nInterstate 66 (I-66) is an Interstate Highway in the eastern United States. As indicated by its even route number, it runs in an east–west direction. Its current western terminus is near Middletown, Virginia, at an interchange with I-81; its eastern terminus is in Washington, D.C., at an interchange with U.S. Route 29. Because of its terminus in the Shenandoah Valley, the highway was once called the \"Shenandoah Freeway.\" Much of the route parallels U.S. Route 29 or Virginia State Route 55. Interstate", "id": "9038774" }, { "contents": "Interstate 95 in Connecticut\n\n\nof around 150,000 throughout the entire length between the New York state line and the junction with I-91 in New Haven. The Turnpike intersects with several major expressways, namely US 7 at Exit 15 in Norwalk, Route 8 and Route 25 at Exit 27A in Bridgeport (quickest way to I-84 from southwest CT), the Merritt and Wilbur Cross Parkways at Exit 38 (via the Milford Parkway) in Milford, and Interstate 91 at Exit 48 in New Haven. North (east) of I-91, the Turnpike continues along the Connecticut", "id": "5620386" }, { "contents": "Missouri Route 96\n\n\nRoute 96 was redesignated as Route YY west of Route 171 when Kansas deleted the eastern part of K-96. Route 96 begins at a partial interchange with Interstate 44 (I-44) just west of Halltown (there is no access to westbound I-44 or from eastbound I-44). The highway is a two-lane road and is relatively straight all the way to Carthage. Approximately west of I-44 is the western terminus of Route 266. Approximately further west, Route 96 is joined by Historic Route 66. At Albatross, is an intersection", "id": "11824778" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nI-40, and the former segment of US 66 along the north side continues as one of the two I-40 frontage roads. The Amarillo business loop of Interstate 40 begins at I-40 exit 62A just west of Amarillo. The highway was formerly a business route for Route 66, being that highway's only bannered route in Texas. Bus. I-40 D is known locally as Amarillo Boulevard and is the longest buisness route of Interstate 40. Bus. I-40 D begins at Interstate 40 exit 62A just west of Amarillo near Cadillac Ranch. The", "id": "294164" }, { "contents": "Interstate 540 and North Carolina Highway 540\n\n\nto the Western Wake Freeway and future Southern and Eastern Wake Freeways. As of January 2013, the North Carolina state route traverses east–west from I-40, in Durham County to NC 55, in Holly Springs. Initially intended to be signed as an extension of the I-540 loop, the first section of the route bears mile markers and exit numbers for the complete Interstate loop, going from 66 to 69. In Mid-2012, this section of the beltway became part of the Triangle Expressway. No portion of I-540 is tolled.", "id": "6204061" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 229\n\n\nRoute 229 is a state highway in the western Greater Hartford area of the U.S. state of Connecticut. It runs north–south from Interstate 84 in Southington to U.S. Route 6 in Bristol. Along the way, it intersects Route 72 in the Forestville section of Bristol. Route 229 nominally begins at the end of the eastbound Exit 31 off-ramp of I-84 in western Southington, heading northward along West Street. State maintenance and the official southern end of Route 229 actually begins about south of the off-ramp. West Street", "id": "7429975" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nwhich focuses on the roads former status as Route 66. The commercial strip ends after a dirt road named North Tennessee Street. \"Route 66\" splits from East 12th Street at an intersection that's another connecting road to the eastbound off-ramp of Exit 164, the then runs over the overpass above I-40 to turn right at the frontage road along the westbound lanes leading to the western beginning of the business loop. Eastbound Business Interstate Route 40-J narrows down to a two-lane undivided highway before passing by a TxDOT construction", "id": "294175" }, { "contents": "Highway revolts in the United States\n\n\nInterstate 291 beltway west of Interstate 91, the proposed Interstate 484 expressway through the downtown, and the proposed Interstate 284 expressway between East Hartford and South Windsor, and Interstate 491 from Wethersfield to Manchester. After these freeways were cancelled, the State of Connecticut used the funds allocated for their construction to rebuild and expand existing freeways in the Greater Hartford area. In 1992 the Route 9 Expressway was extended north from I-91 in New Britain to Interstate 84 in Farmington, completing what would have been the southwest quadrant of the I-291 beltway;", "id": "256037" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 in Connecticut\n\n\nthe northern end of the Route 15 expressway, it inherits the Wilbur Cross Highway name for the rest of its length. From 1968 until 1984, the I-84 designation ended here, and the highway became I-86 for the rest of its length, as I-84 was once planned to be built east toward Providence, Rhode Island. I-84 intersects one of the remnants of the abandoned project, I-384, as part of a series of complex interchanges in Manchester including the end of the US 6 concurrency at exit 60, and a connection to", "id": "14727152" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nfrontage roads along the westbound lanes leading to the western beginning of the business loop, and an unorthodox roadside attraction known as the Leaning Tower of Texas. Business Interstate Route 40-F ends at the on ramp to eastbound I-40, as does the divided former US 66, which is converted back into the frontage road along the eastbound lanes of I-40. The McLean business loop of Interstate 40 runs from exit 141 to 143. Officially designated as Business Interstate 40-H by the Texas Department of Transportation, it begins at I-40 at an eastbound flyover", "id": "294170" }, { "contents": "Maryland Route 53\n\n\nstate highway then meets its northern terminus at an intersection with US 40 Alternate in La Vale. Access to westbound I-68 is provided a short distance to the east on US 40 Alternate. MD 53 is part of US 220 Truck, which provides access from Interstate 68 (I-68) west of La Vale to southbound US 220 for trucks due to a truck prohibition on the eastbound exit ramp for I-68's interchange with US 220. The state highway is part of the main National Highway System from US 220 to I-68; in addition", "id": "11898711" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 84\n\n\nend street at the truck stop along the aforementioned frontage road. Interstate 84 Business was a business loop of I-84 along in Morgan, Utah. It ran north along Utah State Route 66 at Exit 103 (State Street) to East 600th Street running along the north side of I-84 until the former westbound-off-ramp and eastbound on-ramp that was once westbound Exit 103 until the mid-1990s. Interstate 84 Business was a business loop of I-84 along in Henefer, Utah. It ran southeast along the southwest side of I-84", "id": "6061978" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 5 in Connecticut\n\n\nStreet becomes Broad Street after the intersection with Hall Avenue as it passes by the eastern part of the city, avoiding the downtown area. Past Olive Street, the road becomes divided with a wide grassy median. At the north end of the divided section, it has an intersection with East Main Street, the main east–west business route through the city. About north of East Main Street, US 5 has an interchange with I-691 (at exit 8). At the intersection with Brittania Street, the road becomes North Broad", "id": "5428414" }, { "contents": "Interstate 91\n\n\nthe river can also be easily accessed in this stretch. At exit 19 is the northern terminus of I-93, a major interstate highway in New England, which provides a direct route south through the White Mountains and to almost all major cities in New Hampshire. Just after exit 19, there are three exits for St. Johnsbury, including a major intersection with US 2. Along westbound US 2, the capital of Vermont, Montpelier, is eventually reached from I-91, although I-89 provides Montpelier with immediate Interstate access. I-91 continues northward", "id": "8976783" }, { "contents": "Massachusetts Turnpike\n\n\nand the seventh-longest gap between exits in the entire Interstate Highway System. The highest elevation on the turnpike exists in The Berkshires, reaching above sea level in Becket; this point is also the highest elevation on I-90 east of South Dakota. Beyond the peak elevation and between the exits, an eastbound runaway truck ramp exists in Russell. The turnpike has an interchange with I-91 and US 5 at exit 4 in West Springfield; it passes over the Connecticut River before reaching Route 33 at exit 5 and I-291 at exit 6", "id": "8595595" }, { "contents": "County Route 66 (California)\n\n\ncrossing paths with the freeway again at Fenner, before heading east on Goffs Road to the junction with US 95. Next, CR 66 cosigns along US 95 south to the junction with I-40, where both the US and county routes cosign with I-40 heading east towards Needles. CR 66 exits the freeway at River Road Cutoff, where it immediately turns onto National Trails Highway after exiting. The route follows National Trails Highway to its end on River Road, then begins its southeast journey into downtown Needles. After an interchange with I-40", "id": "21979064" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 (Pennsylvania–Massachusetts)\n\n\n. This section has many left-hand exits and entrances and sharp curves, which were built for a planned network of freeways. I-84 heads northeast towards New Britain and Hartford, the state capital and the largest community along its eastern length. After intersecting Interstate 91, the road crosses the Connecticut River on the Bulkeley Bridge, oldest on the Interstate system, then becomes the Wilbur Cross Highway and continues towards the northeast. The last exit in Connecticut is Exit 74, an exit for Route 171. I-84 crosses the Massachusetts border", "id": "12185439" }, { "contents": "Rhode Island Route 4\n\n\n. After exit 7, Route 4 continues northward as a six-lane expressway, passing farmlands to the west and entering a suburban region of East Greenwich. The highway crosses under an overpass at Middle Road before interchanging with Route 401, the freeway's final spur, at another partial cloverleaf interchange. Exit 8 is also used to access Route 2 and I-95 south, which has no direct freeway connection with Route 4 north. Shortly after exit 8, the Route 4 designation ends and the mainline of the highway defaults onto I-95", "id": "14737226" }, { "contents": "Cromwell, Connecticut\n\n\nis land and (4.03%) is water. A major north/south highway, Interstate 91, with two Cromwell exits, runs through the Town. The Central Connecticut Expressway (Route 9), opened at the end of 1989, enhances the Town's location as it connects I-95 in Old Saybrook, I-91 in Cromwell and I-84, the State's major east/west highway in New Britain. As of the census of 2010, there were 14,005 people, 5,212 households, and 3,262 families residing in the town.", "id": "17977773" }, { "contents": "Interstate 190 (South Dakota)\n\n\n16 westbound goes east on Omaha Street and eastbound runs north concurrently with I-190. I-190 then becomes a freeway, with an exit to North Street. I-190 then passes under Anamosa Street before an on-ramp from the northbound lanes of West Boulevard. Both US 16 and I-190 then terminate at a trumpet interchange with I-90/US 14/SD 79. Legally, the route of I-190 is defined at South Dakota Codified Laws § 31-4-203. I-190 was opened in 1962 to connect Rapid City to the recently completed", "id": "2672231" }, { "contents": "Interstate 210 and State Route 210 (California)\n\n\nfor the interchange between State Route 57 and the Foothill Freeway, Interstate 210. The \"curve\" portion refers to the interchange from the northbound lanes of State Route 57 to the westbound lanes of I-210, and from the eastbound lanes of I-210 to the southbound lanes of State Route 57. The origin of the name comes from its location in the city of Glendora. Prior to 2002, this interchange was entirely part of I-210, and the eastern terminus of I-210 ended several miles south of the curve at the Kellogg Interchange at", "id": "2671217" }, { "contents": "Interstate 78 in New Jersey\n\n\nEntering more commercial areas, Route 173 merges onto I-78/US 22 at exit 13. At exit 15, the highway interchanges with CR 513, and Route 173 splits from I-78/US 22 by heading north on CR 513. At this point, the freeway enters Franklin Township briefly at exit 15 and then enters Clinton where it crosses the South Branch Raritan River. I-78/US 22 turns northeast and leaves Clinton for Clinton Township, where it has an eastbound exit and westbound entrance for Route 173 that also provides access to", "id": "16353900" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 15\n\n\nlimits, the business route veers onto Center Street and follows that through the center of town. At the north end of the city, I-15 Bus. turns west and runs concurrently with US 30 to its northern end at I-15 Exit 47. Interstate 15 Business runs for exactly through Inkom in northern Bannock County. I-15 Bus. mostly follows Old Highway 91 between Exits 57 and 58, a pair of partial interchanges. Interstate 15 Business spans through Pocatello in northern Bannock County. I-15 Bus. begins at I-15 Exit 67, where", "id": "15434019" }, { "contents": "Interstate 10 in California\n\n\nI-10 down Interstate 5 between the East LA Interchange and the Santa Monica Freeway, negating a section of the San Bernardino Freeway west of I-5. This short section of Route 10 between Route 5 and Route 101, which was formerly defined as Route 110 (signed as Interstate 110) until 1968, is signed overhead for I-10 eastbound and for U.S. 101 westbound. This I-5/I-10 cosigning is consistent with the Federal Highway Administration's Interstate Highway route logs that such an overlap exists for the segment of I-10 in California. I-10 is", "id": "10298840" }, { "contents": "Nevada State Route 425\n\n\ncenter of Verdi, then southeast to its terminus at the I-80 East Verdi interchange (Exit 5). Although designated a state route and an Interstate business route, there are no route shields posted along the highway itself. The I-80 business route extends beyond the end of SR 425. From the highway's western terminus, I-80 Business follows Gold Ranch Road an additional south to end at an I-80 westbound onramp. The highway originally carried State Route 1 and later U.S. Route 40 on its trek west from Reno over Donner Pass towards", "id": "5840323" }, { "contents": "Interstate 516\n\n\ncurrent western terminus of I-516. In 1985, the entire highway from its then-current western terminus at Burnsed Blvd to Montgomery Street was designated as I-516. The freeway portion was extended westward to the interchange with SR 25 (Burnsed Blvd) and eastward to the current eastern terminus. Also US 17/SR 25 and US 80/SR 26 were re-routed along the freeway, from the West Bay Street exit to the Ogeechee Road exit. In 1995, US 17 had a major re-routing through the city", "id": "10860994" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 15\n\n\nState Route 28. Interstate 15 Business is a Business loop of Interstate 15 in Bringham City, and is also concurrent with Business Loop 84. It runs from an interchange at Exit 362 on I-15/84 at first along U.S. Route 91 to the intersection with U.S. Route 89 and UT 13. US 91 continues east along US 89, while BL 15/84 turns left to go north along UT 13 (South Main Street). Further in town, the road serves as the west end of Utah State Route 90. At Forest Street,", "id": "15434015" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 95 in Nevada\n\n\nthe Henderson Spaghetti Bowl (also known as the Hender-Bender) interchange of Interstate 215 and SR 564 and Interstate 515 begins. The freeway then heads west into Downtown Las Vegas, where it intersects Interstate 15. At the Spaghetti Bowl interchange, US 93 follows I-15 northbound and I-515 ends. US 95 heads west, then north at the Rainbow Curve. The freeway portion then ends at Corn Creek Road northwest of the Las Vegas Valley and then it becomes a brief four-lane divided highway. US 95 exits Clark County", "id": "7359006" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 15\n\n\nwhen it turns east onto Alameda Road, which becomes Pocatello Creek Road when it veers northeast to the business route's terminus at I-15 Exit 71. Interstate 15 Business has a length of through Blackfoot in central Bingham County. I-15 Bus. begins at I-15 Exit 89 near the northern end of the Fort Hall Indian Reservation and follows US 91 northeast parallel to the Union Pacific Railroad. The highways cross the Blackfoot River into the city of Blackfoot along Broadway Street. In downtown Blackfoot, the routes veer onto Main Street, then I-15", "id": "15434021" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 50 in Maryland\n\n\neastbound exit. Following this interchange, US 50 passes office parks and industrial development in New Carrollton. The highway reaches a hybrid turbine interchange with I-95/I-495, the Capital Beltway. At the I-95/I-495 interchange, the US 50 freeway becomes part of the Interstate Highway System as I-595, which is an unsigned highway. The road heads east as an ten-lane freeway, with the left lane in each direction designated as a high-occupancy vehicle lane (HOV lane). The freeway passes near residential development and", "id": "21110676" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nloop of Interstate 40 is the third business route of I-40 in Oklahoma. It runs northeast along former US 66 from eastbound exit 32 and turns east after the beginning of an overlap with OK 6 that runs along the route until OK 6 turns south at North Main Street. From there it snakes through the northeastern part of the city and after the intersection with OK 34 finally terminates with I-40 at westbound exit 41. The route begins at a left exit in a wye interchange with Interstate 40, which also serves as a connection", "id": "294180" }, { "contents": "Iowa Highway 330\n\n\nused as a connector between Des Moines and the Waterloo–Cedar Falls area. Iowa 330 begins at an interchange with Interstate 80 (I-80), U.S. Route 6 (US 6), and US 65 in Altoona. The I-80 freeway runs east–west; US 6 comes up from the southwest along Hubbell Avenue and joins eastbound I-80 while US 65 exits eastbound I-80 and turns onto Hubbell heading northeast. For the first of its routing, Iowa 330 shares the same roadway with US 65. The two routes head northeast on", "id": "10381823" }, { "contents": "Interstate 180 (Pennsylvania)\n\n\nat an interchange with U.S. Route 15 and U.S. Route 220. The highway begins its signage, concurrent along these routes. At exit 27A, US 15 leaves the overlap running south across the Carl E. Stotz Memorial Little League Bridge and I-180 continues eastward, still concurrent with US 220 northbound. From there, I-180 runs along the West Branch Susquehanna River until the highway reaches the eastern suburbs of Williamsport, where US 220 leaves the Interstate via exit 15. From US 220 to the eastern terminus, I-180 is aligned north–south", "id": "4494305" }, { "contents": "Interstate 76 (Ohio–New Jersey)\n\n\nJersey. After I-76 reaches its eastern terminus, the freeway continues as Route 42 and the Atlantic City Expressway to Atlantic City. I-76 begins at I-71 at exit 209, east of Lodi, Ohio; U.S. Route 224 (US 224) continues west from the end of I-76. The interchange was previously a double trumpet, but was reconstructed in 2010. Officially, I-76 begins at the beginning of the ramp from I-71 north; it merges with US 224 at mile 0.61. After passing through rural Medina County, I-76 enters Summit", "id": "12185505" }, { "contents": "Interstate 215 (Utah)\n\n\ninterchange features a grade-separated ramp from northbound 2000 East to eastbound I-215. Past this junction, another interchange at Union Park Avenue appears. Another grade-separated ramp from Union Park Avenue is present. The freeway enters Murray as an interchange serving westbound motorists connects to 280 East and State Street (U.S. Route 89, or US-89). Eastbound travelers connect to State Street further west at a separate exit. The road turns northwest for a short time to approach a junction at I-15 (often called the South Interchange).", "id": "9551591" }, { "contents": "List of state routes in Connecticut\n\n\n. Routes are signed state highways and are assigned numbers from 1 to 399 (with the exception of I-684 and I-691). All state, U.S. and Interstate highways are part of the same numbering system. In 1926, the U.S. highway system was implemented. U.S. Routes 1, 5, 6, and 7 were used as designations on several primary state highways, replacing New England routes 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. The other New England routes that were not re-designated as U.S. routes became ordinary", "id": "5492536" }, { "contents": "Interstate 291 (Massachusetts)\n\n\ndirectly through highly populated areas of Springfield, and passes under several overpasses. From its southwestern terminus to exit 5A, Interstate 291 is concurrent with U.S. Route 20. I-291 is only from Interstate 291 in Connecticut, and there are no intervening Interstate Highway interchanges between them. It can be easy for travelers to become confused between the two highways. Interstate 291 begins as a spur of Interstate 91 at Exit 8 in Springfield, concurrent with U.S. 20, which merges from the north. The two entry ramps from I-91 merge with each", "id": "1778230" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 15\n\n\nprovides access to the end of the Sprinter commuter train line. Shortly thereafter, I-15 Business intersects County Route S14, and then interchanges with State Route 78. The interchange is the last interchange on the 78 before its freeway status ends, and there are only ramps for a westbound entrance or eastbound exit. Continuing north, I-15 Business intersects with El Norte Parkway, a major arterial road, before reconnecting with Interstate 15 at I-15 exit 34 near the northern city limits of Escondido. Though the street itself continues northward well on into", "id": "15434009" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 9\n\n\nSaybrook to I-91 in Cromwell is known as the \"Chester Bowles Highway\". The section from I-91 in Cromwell to Exit 24 in Berlin is known as the \"Korean War Veterans Memorial Highway\". The section from Route 72 in New Britain to Route 175 in Newington is known as the \"Taras Shevchenko Expressway\". The section from Route 175 in Newington to the junction with I-84 is known as the \"Iwo Jima Memorial Expressway\". The road connecting Deep River (then known as Saybrook) and Wethersfield along the west", "id": "15881247" }, { "contents": "Colorado State Highway 74\n\n\nthe Evergreen Parkway segment to four lanes and constructing an interchange with I-70. SH 74 begins at an interchange with I-70 in El Rancho. Ramps from I-70 westbound branch off the freeway's exit 252 from the north side and cross the highway southwestward. Access to SH 74 from I-70 eastbound is provided via U.S. Highway 40 (US 40) a slight distance to the west. From I-70, the roadway heads southwesterly through El Rancho, meeting an intersection with US 40 (Swede Gulch Road). The route heads westward before turning", "id": "12873578" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 84\n\n\nsoutheast corner of that intersection, and the contemporary but still traditional Brigham City Utah Temple on the southwest corner. UT 13 ends at the southern terminus of the overlap of US 89/91, and BL-15/84 makes a sharp right turn along southbound US 91, while South Main Street is taken over by southbound US 89. US 91/BL-15/84 runs west along West 1100th Street South. BL-15/84 ends at Exit 362, a diverging diamond interchange with I-15/84, while West 1100th Street South continues into the I-15 frontage road, and becomes a dead", "id": "6061977" }, { "contents": "Interstate 384\n\n\naccess to I-384 is provided through a complex interchange that also provides access from Pleasant Valley Road near Buckland Hills Mall and from I-291. I-384's first exit is for Spencer Street. The eastbound ramp is on the I-384 mainline, while the westbound ramp comes from a split in the I-84 interchange ramp. Just east of the Spencer Street overpass, the ramp from westbound I-84 joins the I-384 mainline and the HOV lane becomes a conventional lane. I-384 continues along the southern part of Manchester. It has one interchange before it intersects Route", "id": "10503365" }, { "contents": "Interstate 78 in New Jersey\n\n\ninto Springfield Township. The freeway passes near First Watchung Mountain before coming to the Route 24 interchange, where suburban development becomes more dense. At Route 24, I-78 divides into local and express lanes, with three express and three local lanes eastbound and two express and three local lanes westbound. In this section of the highway, most access is via the local lanes, though the next exit for Route 124 includes a direct westbound onramp to the express lanes. Before Route 124, I-78 briefly runs east through Millburn in Essex County", "id": "16353906" }, { "contents": "California State Route 237\n\n\n85. Westbound traffic can connect to Route 85 southbound, but the eastbound traffic connection to Route 85 northbound is labeled as an exit for U.S. 101. Route 237 intersects with Highway 101 at the southern corner of Moffett Field. After this intersection, a carpool lane is added, for a total of three lanes in either direction. It remains like this until the east end of the freeway at Interstate 880, where most eastbound traffic is directed to northbound I-880. The route then becomes a city street (an arterial road)", "id": "9003349" }, { "contents": "Massachusetts Route 141\n\n\nas Easthampton Road, crossing roads south of Mount Tom. Crossing through the Rock Valley section of Holyoke, the highway passes south of the Whiting Reservoir and Wyckoff Country Club, entering the Smiths Valley section. Through Smiths Valley, Route 141 runs southeast through a residential neighborhood, reaching a ramp to Interstate 91 southbound (I-91 exit 17). After another turn, the route crosses into a trumpet interchange with I-91 northbound, becoming a one-way couplet through downtown Holyoke. Route 141 eastbound runs along Dwight Street while Route 141", "id": "2532205" }, { "contents": "Interstate 295 (Delaware–Pennsylvania)\n\n\nof Penndel. Following this interchange, the freeway runs south-southeast near suburban residential areas as it heads west of Levittown. I-295 enters Bristol Township and terminates at an interchange with I-95 at I-276 (Pennsylvania Turnpike). At this interchange, I-295 merges into southbound I-95, with access from westbound I-295 to southbound I-95 and from northbound I-95 to eastbound I-295; there are no ramps connecting I-295 and the Pennsylvania Turnpike. In the 1927 New Jersey state highway renumbering, Route 39 was legislated to begin at the Yardley–Wilburtha Bridge", "id": "9627779" }, { "contents": "James River Freeway\n\n\n. The portion of the James River Freeway between I-44 and the interchange with US 60 and Route 413 is designated as Route 360. Other than its endpoints, there is only one interchange on the route: Route MM in Brookline (now part of Republic). Exit markers for the highway mark the road as the James River Freeway and have no control cities, only \"To Route 60\" eastbound and \"To I-44\" westbound. The control cities between US 60 and US 65 are Republic westbound and Rogersville eastbound. At", "id": "6615288" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 6 in Rhode Island\n\n\nturns south on the I-295 collector/distributor roads to the west end of that freeway. The south interchange of US 6 and I-295 has numerous ramp stubs once intended for a western continuation of the Roberts Expressway as Interstate 84. The six-lane Roberts Expressway has interchanges with Route 5, U.S. Route 6A, Route 128, and US 6A again on its way to Olneyville. It crosses from Johnston into Providence just west of the bridge over Route 128. At the second US 6A interchange, the older Olneyville Bypass begins,", "id": "21794194" }, { "contents": "Flatbush Avenue Connector\n\n\nstate proposed the corridor as the Cedar Ridge Connector with no number, leading from its current terminus at I-84 to U.S. 5/Route 15 in Wethersfield. The short expressway planned to include an interchange with a planned but cancelled Route 71 expressway leading to New Britain. Circa 2015, the viaduct carrying the northbound ramp to Eastbound I-84 was removed, and a new alignment adjacent to the southbound off ramp from Westbound I-84 was built. Exit 45 is currently an incomplete interchange, with ramps only for I-84 westbound to SR 504 (left", "id": "5839909" }, { "contents": "Interstate 195 (New Jersey)\n\n\ndesignation west and south, along existing I-95 instead. I-195's western terminus is at a modified cloverleaf interchange with I-295 in Hamilton Township, Mercer County, located southeast of the city of Trenton. From this end, the freeway continues north into Trenton as Route 29. I-195 serves as the southern continuation of Route 29, continuing east from I-295 as a six-lane expressway, passing between suburban neighborhoods to the north and the Crosswicks Creek to the south. After the exit for US 206, the highway narrows to four lanes", "id": "14760197" }, { "contents": "Massachusetts Route 25\n\n\nRoute 25 west mainline onto Route 495 north, with the right-hand lane serving I-195 via Exit 1. From I-195, Route 25 east is accessible via Exit 22A; I-195 terminates at the interchange. Interstate 495 also terminates at its junction with Route 25; the two southbound lanes of I-495 default onto Route 25 east. After the interchange with I-195 and I-495, Route 25 begins to head in a southeastern direction into the town of Wareham as a six-lane freeway. The route passes under Tihonet Road and through Maple", "id": "18239659" }, { "contents": "California State Route 56\n\n\ncompleted in 1995 after several lawsuits filed by the Sierra Club and other community groups. The two ends were not connected until the middle portion of the freeway was completed in 2004. The delay was largely due to funding issues and environmental concerns. Eastbound SR 56 begins as a ramp from the northbound I-5's local bypass lanes. The interchange is not complete; southbound I-5 traffic must exit to Carmel Valley Road before entering SR 56. Westbound traffic on SR 56 merges into the southbound I-5 local bypass lanes, which provide access to", "id": "2729277" }, { "contents": "Utah State Route 161\n\n\nState Route 161 (SR-161) is a long state highway, designated as a rural major connector, completely within Millard County in central Utah. The highway connects Interstate 70 (I-70) to I-15 while providing service to historic Cove Fort. The route was once part of U.S. Route 91 (US-91), but was renumbered to SR-161 in the 1970s, in parallel with the construction of I-70. Located entirely in southeastern Millard County, SR-161 starts at a diamond interchange with the westernmost exit on I-70 before it terminates at I-15.", "id": "14472451" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 in Connecticut\n\n\nbrief concurrency with Route 72 to the New Britain city line. From the Route 72 junction through Farmington, West Hartford, and into Hartford, I-84 has many left-hand exits and entrances and sharp curves, which were built for a planned network of freeways. In Farmington, US 6 joins I-84 once again at exit 38, and both meet the northern end of the Route 9 expressway at a half-used multi-level stack interchange that was originally planned to be part of the mostly-cancelled I-291 Hartford Beltway.", "id": "14727150" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 40\n\n\nan interchange. Route 40 begins from northbound I-91 in North Haven as the Exit 10 off-ramp. The designation runs for along the exit ramp. The expressway then proceeds northwest and is joined by on-ramps from Bailey Road and southbound I-91. The I-91 interchange includes an overpass over the Quinnipiac River and railroad tracks. About past the I-91 interchange, the road crosses over another set of railroad tracks, then has an interchange with U.S. Route 5. Access to and from US 5 is via Dixwell Avenue (SR 717", "id": "15644232" }, { "contents": "Interstate 695 (District of Columbia)\n\n\nsome remaining \"To I-395\" signage can still be found along I-695 westbound. The new signs designate I-695 as extending from the point where I-395 branches off from the Southeast Freeway, with I-695 continuing along the Southeast Freeway and over the new 11th Street Bridge to the interchange with I-295. However, some commentators contend the new signage is confusing and that the Southeast Freeway is often confused with Baltimore's Beltway, a highway with the same route designation. The entire route is in Washington, D.C. Exits were unnumbered until July 2014.", "id": "13815020" }, { "contents": "California State Route 91\n\n\nState Route 91 (SR 91) is a major east–west state highway in the U.S. state of California that serves several regions of the Greater Los Angeles urban area. A freeway throughout its entire length, it officially runs from Vermont Avenue in Gardena, just west of the junction with the Harbor Freeway (Interstate 110, I-110), east to Riverside at the junction with the Pomona (SR 60 west of SR 91) and Moreno Valley (SR 60 and I-215 east of SR 91) freeways. Though signs along", "id": "4945631" }, { "contents": "Tennessee State Route 182\n\n\nState Route 182 (abbreviated SR 182) is a secondary state highway in western Dyer County, Tennessee. This route is primarily rural in nature throughout its length. The first of SR 182 from its southern terminus with SR 104 to Interstate 155 is a modern two-lane facility with a speed limit. I-155 ended at Exit 7 during the 1970s and this section of SR 182 also served as a temporary link to SR 104 for eastbound motorists until the freeway was completed to Exit 15. SR 182 north of I-155 to its", "id": "12693771" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 4 in New Hampshire\n\n\nI-93 southbound, and runs along the freeway until Exit 15E in Concord. At this interchange, US-4 leaves I-93 and joins Interstate 393 and U.S. Route 202 which run eastbound out of the city. The two U.S. routes overlap I-393 to its terminus in the northern corner of Pembroke. I-393 then ends, and US-4/US-202 merge onto Route 9 eastbound through Chichester and into Epsom. The road crosses Route 28 at the Epsom Traffic Circle, then continues east and intersects Route 107, forming a long four-route concurrency into Northwood", "id": "19470164" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 9\n\n\nriver, it passes through the towns of Essex, Deep River, Chester, Haddam, and Middletown). After its junction with Interstate 91 in Cromwell, Route 9 continues westward then northward, running through the Hartford area towns/cities of Berlin, New Britain, Newington, and Farmington. At the junction with I-84/US 6 near the Farmington - West Hartford town line, Route 9 follows the ramps for eastbound I-84 and ends at the merge with I-84 immediately after crossing the town line. Route 9 has a non", "id": "15881245" }, { "contents": "Maryland Route 32\n\n\nCSX line) and several industrial parks in Annapolis Junction. MD 32 continues northwest into Savage, where the highway has a cloverleaf interchange with US 1 (Washington Boulevard) that includes collector-distributor lanes in both directions. North of Savage, the freeway has a partial cloverleaf interchange with I-95 that has a pair of left-exiting ramps from westbound MD 32 to southbound I-95 and from eastbound MD 32 to northbound I-95; because of these left exits, I-95 is configured differently in that its southbound lanes pass under MD 32 and", "id": "8470347" }, { "contents": "Interstate 95 in Massachusetts\n\n\nto eight lanes. Then the highway passes through Newton, then enters Weston and has a large interchange with the Massachusetts Turnpike (I-90) that provides connections to nearby Route 30. There is a fourth lane after the interchange with Route 9. Exits 23, 24, and 25 are one combined exit northbound. I-95 and Route 128 are due west of Boston at this point and begin to turn to the northeast, serving the city of Waltham and the town of Lexington along the way. The freeway has an interchange with Route", "id": "18993893" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 372\n\n\nthe Mattabesset River, intersecting I-91 at Exit 21. It then widens to 4 lanes, and intersects the northern end of Route 217. Farther east, it crosses Route 3 before meeting Route 9 once again at Exit 19. It then turns southeast to at an intersection with Route 99 at the Cromwell town center. Route 72 was established in the 1932 state highway renumbering between Route 66 in Middletown and Route 10 Plainville. By the beginning of 1963, after the implementation of the 1962 Route Reclassification Act, Route 72 was extended", "id": "8495485" }, { "contents": "Interstate 664\n\n\nhas a connection to Portsmouth through Virginia State Route 164 (SR 164) and to Suffolk via U.S. Route 13, US 58, and US 460. I-664 begins at a full Y interchange with I-64 and I-264 that serves as the terminus of all three Interstates in the Bowers Hill section of the city of Chesapeake. I-64 heads southeast as a continuation of the Hampton Roads Beltway through Chesapeake while I-264 heads east toward Portsmouth and Norfolk. I-664 heads west as an eight-lane freeway that has a southbound-only exit ramp to", "id": "13145352" }, { "contents": "Virginia State Route 194\n\n\ncloverleaf interchange with I-64 (Hampton Roads Beltway) that only contains ramps in the northeast and southwest quadrants of the interchange. Northbound SR 194 has an exit ramp to and an entrance ramp from westbound I-64. Southbound SR 194 has an exit ramp to and an entrance ramp from eastbound I-64. The missing connections with I-64 are made via SR 247 to the south and SR 165 (Little Creek Road) to the north of the Interstate. North of SR 165, SR 194 becomes a four-lane divided highway north to its", "id": "19152409" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nalphabetic values to allow for future system expansion. The alphabetic naming suffixes are included as small letters on the bottom of reassurance shields. The Glenrio business spur of Interstate 40 begins at I-40 on exit 0 just east of the New Mexico-Texas state line. The highway runs south from the interchange towards Former route 66, then turns west along that decommissioned route where it terminates at the Texas-New Mexico State Line. The Adrian business loop of Interstate 40 begins at I-40 at exit 22 and runs along Former route 66 to", "id": "294158" }, { "contents": "Vermont Route 103\n\n\nand slightly better road across the Green Mountains to Rutland, it is a direct east–west road intersecting Interstate 91 significantly north of the diagonal 103. Numerous proposals to widen 103 into a two-lane freeway or similar limited-access roadway have failed, even though a substantial power company right of way shadows the road for much of its length. VT 103 begins at U.S. Route 5 in Rockingham just east of Interstate 91 and just north of Bellows Falls. From there, it interchanges with I-91 at exit 6 and proceeds", "id": "13506058" } ]

[ { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\nInterstate 691 (I-691) is a portion of the Interstate Highway System in Connecticut beginning at Interstate 91 in Meriden and ending at Interstate 84 near the Cheshire-Southington town line. It is in length, including of the exit ramp to the merge with westbound I-84. I-691 is also known as the Henry D. Altobello Highway for its entire length. I-691 is the main east–west highway of the city of Meriden. The freeway actually begins in Middlefield as Route 66, technically becoming I-691 at the junction with I-91 (Exit", "id": "767379" }, { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\n11). However, westbound signage indicates I-691 begins at the start of the freeway (just west of Exit 13), while eastbound signage shows I-691 ending at the Route 15 interchange (at eastbound Exit 10 about west of the interchange with I-91). To go from I-91 northbound to I-691 westbound (or from I-691 eastbound to I-91 southbound), one must actually use Route 15. Exit 9 westbound provides access to Route 15 North. West of the I-91/Route 15 interchange, I-691 meets US 5, which provides", "id": "767380" }, { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\n66. The highway was extended west to Exit 4 by 1971. The connection to I-84 was eventually completed in 1987, with the renumbering to I-691 done at the same time. The portion east of I-91 remained as Route 66. Environmental and community groups successfully blocked attempts to extend the freeway east of its present terminus due to potential impacts on the Mt. Higby Reservoir, which provides drinking water for the local area. A compromise was reached in the late 1990s allowing CONNDOT to convert Route 66 from a 2-lane road to 4 lanes", "id": "767383" }, { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\nat Exit 4. It then crosses the Quinnipiac River into Cheshire, where it has an interchange with Route 10, then continues west to end at I-84 at the Southington/Cheshire town line. The highway officially ends as it merges into I-84 West. In the 1940s, the I-691 routing was part of a planned US 6A Expressway from Southington to Willimantic. A section of the expressway (from its Middlefield terminus west to Exit 8) first opened in 1966. By 1968, the US 6A designation was dropped in favor of Route", "id": "767382" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 66\n\n\nRoute 66 is a Connecticut state highway running from Meriden to Windham, serving as an alternate east–west route to US 6 through east-central Connecticut. Route 66 officially begins at I-91 in Meriden as the extension of I-691, which officially ends at its interchange with I-91. This freeway portion runs for about into the town of Middlefield, where it becomes a four lane surface road. In Middlefield, it has junctions with the northern end of Route 147, and the southern end of Route 217. It then enters Middletown", "id": "16691092" }, { "contents": "Interstate 91\n\n\nUS 5 begins at the first of its many interchanges with the freeway. Leaving New Haven, I-91 follows a northeastward trek into North Haven, where it meets the southern end of the Route 40 expressway. It travels through the eastern part of Wallingford before entering the eastern part of the city of Meriden. In Meriden, about halfway between Hartford and New Haven, I-91 sees a complex set of interchanges with the Wilbur Cross Parkway (Route 15), the Route 66 expressway, and its first spur route, I-691. I-691", "id": "8976770" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 15\n\n\nmore northeasterly in North Haven. Major junctions include the Milford Parkway (SR 796), a connector providing access to Interstate 95 and US 1 beginning just east of the Sikorsky Bridge; US 5 in Wallingford; and a complex set of interchanges in Meriden providing access to I-91, I-691, and the Route 66 expressway. The parkway ends about a mile north of I-691 as US 5 joins Route 15 and the road becomes a four-lane divided highway with signalized and at-grade intersections known as the Berlin Turnpike. After", "id": "14881517" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 66\n\n\nthe expressway from US 5 in Meriden to Middlefield (where the current expressway ends) opened to traffic. By 1968, the US 6A designation was removed and split into several routes. The section from I-84 in Southington to US 6 in Columbia was renumbered as Route 66, including the newly opened freeway segment. In 1971, another section of the Route 66 freeway opened from between Route 322 and US 5. In 1987, with the completion of the freeway connection to I-84, the section of Route 66 west of I-91 was", "id": "16691099" }, { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\naccess to Route 15 North for eastbound traffic. Exit 7 provides access to Downtown Meriden. Westbound traffic exits onto State Street Extension, while eastbound traffic enters onto Columbia Street. Exits 6 and 5 provide access to Route 71, as well as access to Westfield Meriden. Exit 6 exits to Lewis Avenue, while Exit 5 exits directly to Route 71. From here, I-691 passes along the north side of Hubbard Park as well as by Castle Craig before it crosses into Southington. It then meets the eastern end of Route 322", "id": "767381" }, { "contents": "Interstate 291 (Connecticut)\n\n\nInterstate 291 (I-291) is a short Interstate Highway in the state of Connecticut that starts at I-91 at its junction with Route 218 in Windsor and ends at I-84 in Manchester. It serves as a northeastern bypass of Hartford. The official length of I-291 is , including of the exit ramp to the merge with eastbound I-84. I-291 is also known as the Vietnam Veterans Memorial Highway for its entire length. I-291 begins at I-91 in Windsor at an interchange that also provides access to and from Route 218. Heading southeast, I-291", "id": "4834367" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 in Connecticut\n\n\ncity of Waterbury, where it intersects the Route 8 expressway and crosses the Naugatuck River on an elevated dual-decked viaduct known locally as The Mixmaster. After passing through Cheshire, I-84 intersects the western end of I-691 at the Cheshire–Southington town line, which is also the New Haven–Hartford county line. I-84 turns more northerly for a stretch to exit 31 (Route 229), which provides access to Lake Compounce Amusement Park and ESPN World Headquarters. The freeway heads more northeasterly to Plainville, where it has a", "id": "14727149" }, { "contents": "Interstate 384\n\n\nInterstate 384 (I-384) is an Interstate Highway located entirely within the state of Connecticut. It runs east to west, going from Interstate 84 in East Hartford to U.S. Route 6/U.S. Route 44 in Bolton. I-384 officially begins at I-84 eastbound Exit 59 at the East Hartford/Manchester town line, as the right 2 lanes of traffic split from the I-84 mainline. The highway can also be accessed from the I-84 eastbound HOV lane, and westbound I-384 traffic can also access the HOV lane on westbound I-84. Westbound I-84", "id": "10503364" }, { "contents": "Special routes of U.S. Route 6\n\n\n6A from Plymouth–Farmington, this became US 6A. This US 6A was subsequently extended through Meriden to Willimantic along modern Route 66. An expressway upgrade was planned for this US 6A. Only a portion of the highway was built and is now I-691. U.S. Route 6A (US 6A) between Coventry and Windham was designated when New England Interstate Route 3 (NE-3) was deleted. The route was swapped with the old US 6 in 1939 and finally deleted in 1942 when US 6A became Route 31. U.S. Route 6A (US", "id": "10795785" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 (Pennsylvania–Massachusetts)\n\n\nNew Milford. Route 6 leaves the interstate at the next exit, and I-84 continues east across the countryside. At Exit 11, it turns to the northeast and descends to cross the Housatonic River on the Rochambeau Bridge, into New Haven County. It then climbs onto higher ground to the city of Waterbury, which it passes on an elevated viaduct with the eastbound and westbound lanes on different levels. Here the CT 8 expressway intersects. The eastern heading continues past Waterbury to Milldale, where Interstate 691 splits off to the east", "id": "12185438" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 120\n\n\nRoute 120 is a state highway in Connecticut, running entirely in the town of Southington. It serves as a more direct connection between the town center of Southington and the city of Meriden. Route 120 begins at an intersection with Route 322 in southeastern Southington, just west of the Meriden city line and about from an interchange with I-691. It heads in a northwest direction, crossing Misery Brook about later, passing by the St. Thomas Cemetery, then intersecting with Route 364 after another . Route 120 ends at an intersection with Route", "id": "21983096" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 322\n\n\nmeets Route 10 at a grade separated intersection. It briefly crosses into Cheshire before crossing the Quinnipiac River and reentering southeastern Southington. It meets the southern end of Route 120 before ending at an interchange with I-691 near the Southington-Meriden town line. The road continues into Meriden as West Main Street. Route 322 was established in 1963, running from Route 69 to then US 6A (Meriden Road) in Wolcott. The year before becoming a signed route, Route 322 was taken over by the state and designated as unsigned SR", "id": "8420887" }, { "contents": "Interstate 91\n\n\n. As such, it is almost always heavily trafficked (especially during rush hour), and maintains at least three lanes in each direction through Connecticut except for a short portion in Hartford at the interchange with I-84 and in Meriden at the interchange with Route 15. The three cities also serve as Connecticut's control points along its length of the Interstate. I-91 begins just east of downtown New Haven at an interchange with I-95 (the Connecticut Turnpike), and Route 34. At the bottom of the ramp for exit 5,", "id": "8976769" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 66\n\n\nIt ran from the Milldale section of Southington, via Meriden and Middletown, to Willimantic. In the 1932 state highway renumbering, old Highway 111 was designated as part of Route 14, which extended from Woodbury to the Rhode Island state line. In 1941, the section of Route 14 from Woodbury to Willimantic was redesignated as US 6A, connecting at US 6 on both ends. In the early 1960s, plans for constructing a US 6A expressway between I-84 in Southington and Willimantic were announced. By 1966, a short portion of", "id": "16691098" }, { "contents": "Interstate 66\n\n\nfrom eastbound I-66 to the West Falls Church Metro station at the Leesburg Pike (Virginia State Route 7) interchange and will provide a new bridge for the W&OD Trail over Lee Highway (Virginia State Route 29). In Washington D.C., I-66 was planned to extend east of its current terminus along the North Leg of the Inner Loop freeway. I-66 would have also met the eastern terminus of a planned Interstate 266 at US 29, and the western terminus of the South Leg Freeway (I-695) at US 50; I-266 would", "id": "9038810" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 10\n\n\n. It then turns north onto Dixwell Avenue, and intersects the Wilbur Cross Parkway (Route 15) at Exit 60. In the center of Hamden, it turns onto Whitney Avenue. Proceeding northward, it encounters the northern end of the Route 40 freeway and the western end of Route 22 . In Cheshire, it meets the eastern end of Route 42, and has a brief triplex with Routes 68 and 70. At the north end of town is a junction with I-691 at Exit 3. It then enters Southington, where", "id": "16098035" }, { "contents": "Interstate 80 in Iowa\n\n\nthe east at the Jordan Creek Parkway exit. The highway adds a third lane eastbound and drops the third lane westbound. Almost to the east is the interchange with I-35, which also marks the beginning of I-235. Eastbound I-80 exits the freeway via a flyover ramp to northbound I-35; eastbound I-235 begins as the continuation of the I-80 freeway. Locally, this exit is called the West Mixmaster. I-80 shares the next with I-35 on a six-lane freeway where each direction's three lanes are separated by a Jersey barrier.", "id": "3837266" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 68\n\n\nto its junction with I-91 at Exit 15. After overpassing I-91 and passing a couple of business parks, Route 68 becomes a 2 lane road once again. It then enters Durham, where it passes the southern end of Route 157 before ending at Route 17 in the center of town. The road connecting Naugatuck and Cheshire was designated in 1922 as State Highway 325. In the 1932 state highway renumbering, former Highway 325 was renumbered to Route 68. The route was later extended east to Middlefield in 1966 along former SR 607", "id": "3645090" }, { "contents": "Interstate 480 (Nebraska–Iowa)\n\n\nLeavenworth neighborhood from the Old Market neighborhood. Shortly after the Leavenworth Street exit is the Harney Street exit, which provides access to U.S. Route 6 from eastbound I-480. before the North Freeway interchange, I-480 passes beneath Dodge and Douglas Streets, which are the westbound and eastbound lanes of U.S. 6, respectively. Just to the southwest of the Creighton University campus is the North Freeway interchange, where US 75 leaves eastbound I-480 and joins westbound. The North Freeway was originally planned to be an Interstate Highway, \"I-580\", connecting", "id": "10317788" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nExit 110 leading to the I-40 frontage road along the eastbound lanes, which suddenly becomes a divided highway named \"Route 66.\" The first intersection is a connecting road to the parts of the interchange with the eastbound on-ramp, as well as the frontage roads along the westbound lanes, leading to the western terminus of the business loop. Shortly after this is the barely paved Carson County Road BB. The divided highway ends just west of TX FM 295 and Carson County Road CC (Western Avenue), and gains", "id": "294168" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 in New York\n\n\n6 and 202 closely parallel I-84 to the north, between the freeway and one of the upper basins of East Branch Reservoir, part of New York City's water supply system. The northern terminus of NY 121 lets eastbound traffic on and westbound traffic off. Two miles (3.2 km) to the east, Signs appear for Saw Mill Road, exit 1 on Connecticut's stretch of I-84, and its ramps leave the highway just a hundred feet (30 m) before the state line. The route of I-84 through the", "id": "995373" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 34\n\n\nLegion Avenue, later becoming South Frontage Road (former Oak Street), while westbound Route 34 uses North Frontage Road. The eastbound section running along Legion Avenue and South Frontage Road (1.03 miles) is town-maintained. The corresponding westbound section along North Frontage Road is officially designated as State Road 706 but is signed as Route 34 West. Route 34 then continues along the Oak Street Connector, a six-lane freeway that connects to I-91 and I-95. The freeway portion has two westbound exits and three eastbound entrances,", "id": "5492586" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nfor BL-40, because south of this intersection is an approach to a westbound on-eastbound off wye interchange with I-40. Immediately after this intersection, BL-40 ends at an eastbound on-westbound off wye interchange with I-40. The Clinton business loop of Interstate 40 is the fourth business route of I-40 in Oklahoma, running from exit 65 to exit 69, although only part of the route runs along former US 66. The route begins at exit 65, which is an eastbound flyover with no re-entry, and a westbound", "id": "294183" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nand maintenance facility, and then leaves the frontage road at the on ramp to eastbound I-40, where it meets its terminus. The frontage roads along both sides of I-40 continue through three more interchanges before crossing the Texas-Oklahoma State Line. The Erick business loop of Interstate 40 is the first business route of I-40 in Oklahoma. It begins on exit 5 (Honeyfarm Drive) and runs south into North 1720th Road until that street ends at a four-lane divided highway known as East 1240th Road (former Route 66)", "id": "294176" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 542\n\n\nRoute 542 (also known as Ferguson Road) is a state road in northern Connecticut. It is contained inside the town of Vernon. It runs from Route 533 to Route 541. Route 542 begins at Route 543 (Tunnel Road) in the central portion of the town of Vernon. It then heads east for about before intersecting with exit 66 on Interstate 84 (I-84}. Only travelers on westbound I-84 can exit onto Route 542, and that travelers on Route 542 can only get onto westbound I-84. About from the", "id": "1160744" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 71\n\n\nas it intersects West Main Street. While southbound traffic may continue from West Main Street onto Cook Avenue, northbound traffic must turn right onto Hanover Street, then left onto South Grove Street, and left onto West Main Street to continue. Once reunited, Route 71 proceeds west on West Main Street before turning north onto Chamberlain Highway. It then crosses I-691 at Exit 5, with access to and from the west. It then crosses into Berlin, passing the eastern end of Route 364 before turning northeast as the Chamberlain Highway becomes", "id": "18857060" }, { "contents": "Interstate 91\n\n\nparallels the river, never more than from its shore. I-91 then enters the Hartford city limits. In Hartford, I-91 it has a set of interchanges with US 5/Route 15 (Wilbur Cross Highway), which provides access from I-91 north to I-84 east, and from I-84 west to I-91 south via the Charter Oak Bridge. I-91 then has an interchange with I-84, where all other movements to and from I-84 take place. Before leaving the city limits, an HOV lane begins that has its own set of interchanges", "id": "8976772" }, { "contents": "Interstate 210 (Louisiana)\n\n\nShip Channel. At the southeastern end of the bridge, the highway meets with exit 3, Prien Lake Road, eastbound. I-210 heads east through Lake Charles, turning 90 degrees at exit 8, LA 14/Gerstner Memorial Drive. The highway then heads north towards its eastern terminus with I-10 just east of Lake Charles. Though portions of the freeway run north-south, the entire route is signed east-west. All of I-210 is included as part of the National Highway System, a system of roadways important to", "id": "2671252" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 95 in California\n\n\nChemehuevi Mountains before entering the city of Needles after several miles. After passing the Needles Municipal Airport, US 95 merges onto I-40 westbound and continues through Needles on the freeway. US 95 exits from I-40 west of Needles and continues northwest to Searchlight Junction, where US 95 continues north at the junction with the old routing of US 66. The highway continues north, east of Homer Mountain, to the Nevada state line. US 95 is part of the California Freeway and Expressway System, and a small portion near I-10 and the", "id": "21402148" }, { "contents": "Interstate 66\n\n\nInterstate 66 (I-66) is an Interstate Highway in the eastern United States. As indicated by its even route number, it runs in an east–west direction. Its current western terminus is near Middletown, Virginia, at an interchange with I-81; its eastern terminus is in Washington, D.C., at an interchange with U.S. Route 29. Because of its terminus in the Shenandoah Valley, the highway was once called the \"Shenandoah Freeway.\" Much of the route parallels U.S. Route 29 or Virginia State Route 55. Interstate", "id": "9038774" }, { "contents": "Interstate 95 in Connecticut\n\n\nof around 150,000 throughout the entire length between the New York state line and the junction with I-91 in New Haven. The Turnpike intersects with several major expressways, namely US 7 at Exit 15 in Norwalk, Route 8 and Route 25 at Exit 27A in Bridgeport (quickest way to I-84 from southwest CT), the Merritt and Wilbur Cross Parkways at Exit 38 (via the Milford Parkway) in Milford, and Interstate 91 at Exit 48 in New Haven. North (east) of I-91, the Turnpike continues along the Connecticut", "id": "5620386" }, { "contents": "Missouri Route 96\n\n\nRoute 96 was redesignated as Route YY west of Route 171 when Kansas deleted the eastern part of K-96. Route 96 begins at a partial interchange with Interstate 44 (I-44) just west of Halltown (there is no access to westbound I-44 or from eastbound I-44). The highway is a two-lane road and is relatively straight all the way to Carthage. Approximately west of I-44 is the western terminus of Route 266. Approximately further west, Route 96 is joined by Historic Route 66. At Albatross, is an intersection", "id": "11824778" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nI-40, and the former segment of US 66 along the north side continues as one of the two I-40 frontage roads. The Amarillo business loop of Interstate 40 begins at I-40 exit 62A just west of Amarillo. The highway was formerly a business route for Route 66, being that highway's only bannered route in Texas. Bus. I-40 D is known locally as Amarillo Boulevard and is the longest buisness route of Interstate 40. Bus. I-40 D begins at Interstate 40 exit 62A just west of Amarillo near Cadillac Ranch. The", "id": "294164" }, { "contents": "Interstate 540 and North Carolina Highway 540\n\n\nto the Western Wake Freeway and future Southern and Eastern Wake Freeways. As of January 2013, the North Carolina state route traverses east–west from I-40, in Durham County to NC 55, in Holly Springs. Initially intended to be signed as an extension of the I-540 loop, the first section of the route bears mile markers and exit numbers for the complete Interstate loop, going from 66 to 69. In Mid-2012, this section of the beltway became part of the Triangle Expressway. No portion of I-540 is tolled.", "id": "6204061" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 229\n\n\nRoute 229 is a state highway in the western Greater Hartford area of the U.S. state of Connecticut. It runs north–south from Interstate 84 in Southington to U.S. Route 6 in Bristol. Along the way, it intersects Route 72 in the Forestville section of Bristol. Route 229 nominally begins at the end of the eastbound Exit 31 off-ramp of I-84 in western Southington, heading northward along West Street. State maintenance and the official southern end of Route 229 actually begins about south of the off-ramp. West Street", "id": "7429975" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nwhich focuses on the roads former status as Route 66. The commercial strip ends after a dirt road named North Tennessee Street. \"Route 66\" splits from East 12th Street at an intersection that's another connecting road to the eastbound off-ramp of Exit 164, the then runs over the overpass above I-40 to turn right at the frontage road along the westbound lanes leading to the western beginning of the business loop. Eastbound Business Interstate Route 40-J narrows down to a two-lane undivided highway before passing by a TxDOT construction", "id": "294175" }, { "contents": "Highway revolts in the United States\n\n\nInterstate 291 beltway west of Interstate 91, the proposed Interstate 484 expressway through the downtown, and the proposed Interstate 284 expressway between East Hartford and South Windsor, and Interstate 491 from Wethersfield to Manchester. After these freeways were cancelled, the State of Connecticut used the funds allocated for their construction to rebuild and expand existing freeways in the Greater Hartford area. In 1992 the Route 9 Expressway was extended north from I-91 in New Britain to Interstate 84 in Farmington, completing what would have been the southwest quadrant of the I-291 beltway;", "id": "256037" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 in Connecticut\n\n\nthe northern end of the Route 15 expressway, it inherits the Wilbur Cross Highway name for the rest of its length. From 1968 until 1984, the I-84 designation ended here, and the highway became I-86 for the rest of its length, as I-84 was once planned to be built east toward Providence, Rhode Island. I-84 intersects one of the remnants of the abandoned project, I-384, as part of a series of complex interchanges in Manchester including the end of the US 6 concurrency at exit 60, and a connection to", "id": "14727152" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nfrontage roads along the westbound lanes leading to the western beginning of the business loop, and an unorthodox roadside attraction known as the Leaning Tower of Texas. Business Interstate Route 40-F ends at the on ramp to eastbound I-40, as does the divided former US 66, which is converted back into the frontage road along the eastbound lanes of I-40. The McLean business loop of Interstate 40 runs from exit 141 to 143. Officially designated as Business Interstate 40-H by the Texas Department of Transportation, it begins at I-40 at an eastbound flyover", "id": "294170" }, { "contents": "Maryland Route 53\n\n\nstate highway then meets its northern terminus at an intersection with US 40 Alternate in La Vale. Access to westbound I-68 is provided a short distance to the east on US 40 Alternate. MD 53 is part of US 220 Truck, which provides access from Interstate 68 (I-68) west of La Vale to southbound US 220 for trucks due to a truck prohibition on the eastbound exit ramp for I-68's interchange with US 220. The state highway is part of the main National Highway System from US 220 to I-68; in addition", "id": "11898711" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 84\n\n\nend street at the truck stop along the aforementioned frontage road. Interstate 84 Business was a business loop of I-84 along in Morgan, Utah. It ran north along Utah State Route 66 at Exit 103 (State Street) to East 600th Street running along the north side of I-84 until the former westbound-off-ramp and eastbound on-ramp that was once westbound Exit 103 until the mid-1990s. Interstate 84 Business was a business loop of I-84 along in Henefer, Utah. It ran southeast along the southwest side of I-84", "id": "6061978" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 5 in Connecticut\n\n\nStreet becomes Broad Street after the intersection with Hall Avenue as it passes by the eastern part of the city, avoiding the downtown area. Past Olive Street, the road becomes divided with a wide grassy median. At the north end of the divided section, it has an intersection with East Main Street, the main east–west business route through the city. About north of East Main Street, US 5 has an interchange with I-691 (at exit 8). At the intersection with Brittania Street, the road becomes North Broad", "id": "5428414" }, { "contents": "Interstate 91\n\n\nthe river can also be easily accessed in this stretch. At exit 19 is the northern terminus of I-93, a major interstate highway in New England, which provides a direct route south through the White Mountains and to almost all major cities in New Hampshire. Just after exit 19, there are three exits for St. Johnsbury, including a major intersection with US 2. Along westbound US 2, the capital of Vermont, Montpelier, is eventually reached from I-91, although I-89 provides Montpelier with immediate Interstate access. I-91 continues northward", "id": "8976783" }, { "contents": "Massachusetts Turnpike\n\n\nand the seventh-longest gap between exits in the entire Interstate Highway System. The highest elevation on the turnpike exists in The Berkshires, reaching above sea level in Becket; this point is also the highest elevation on I-90 east of South Dakota. Beyond the peak elevation and between the exits, an eastbound runaway truck ramp exists in Russell. The turnpike has an interchange with I-91 and US 5 at exit 4 in West Springfield; it passes over the Connecticut River before reaching Route 33 at exit 5 and I-291 at exit 6", "id": "8595595" }, { "contents": "County Route 66 (California)\n\n\ncrossing paths with the freeway again at Fenner, before heading east on Goffs Road to the junction with US 95. Next, CR 66 cosigns along US 95 south to the junction with I-40, where both the US and county routes cosign with I-40 heading east towards Needles. CR 66 exits the freeway at River Road Cutoff, where it immediately turns onto National Trails Highway after exiting. The route follows National Trails Highway to its end on River Road, then begins its southeast journey into downtown Needles. After an interchange with I-40", "id": "21979064" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 (Pennsylvania–Massachusetts)\n\n\n. This section has many left-hand exits and entrances and sharp curves, which were built for a planned network of freeways. I-84 heads northeast towards New Britain and Hartford, the state capital and the largest community along its eastern length. After intersecting Interstate 91, the road crosses the Connecticut River on the Bulkeley Bridge, oldest on the Interstate system, then becomes the Wilbur Cross Highway and continues towards the northeast. The last exit in Connecticut is Exit 74, an exit for Route 171. I-84 crosses the Massachusetts border", "id": "12185439" }, { "contents": "Rhode Island Route 4\n\n\n. After exit 7, Route 4 continues northward as a six-lane expressway, passing farmlands to the west and entering a suburban region of East Greenwich. The highway crosses under an overpass at Middle Road before interchanging with Route 401, the freeway's final spur, at another partial cloverleaf interchange. Exit 8 is also used to access Route 2 and I-95 south, which has no direct freeway connection with Route 4 north. Shortly after exit 8, the Route 4 designation ends and the mainline of the highway defaults onto I-95", "id": "14737226" }, { "contents": "Cromwell, Connecticut\n\n\nis land and (4.03%) is water. A major north/south highway, Interstate 91, with two Cromwell exits, runs through the Town. The Central Connecticut Expressway (Route 9), opened at the end of 1989, enhances the Town's location as it connects I-95 in Old Saybrook, I-91 in Cromwell and I-84, the State's major east/west highway in New Britain. As of the census of 2010, there were 14,005 people, 5,212 households, and 3,262 families residing in the town.", "id": "17977773" }, { "contents": "Interstate 190 (South Dakota)\n\n\n16 westbound goes east on Omaha Street and eastbound runs north concurrently with I-190. I-190 then becomes a freeway, with an exit to North Street. I-190 then passes under Anamosa Street before an on-ramp from the northbound lanes of West Boulevard. Both US 16 and I-190 then terminate at a trumpet interchange with I-90/US 14/SD 79. Legally, the route of I-190 is defined at South Dakota Codified Laws § 31-4-203. I-190 was opened in 1962 to connect Rapid City to the recently completed", "id": "2672231" }, { "contents": "Interstate 210 and State Route 210 (California)\n\n\nfor the interchange between State Route 57 and the Foothill Freeway, Interstate 210. The \"curve\" portion refers to the interchange from the northbound lanes of State Route 57 to the westbound lanes of I-210, and from the eastbound lanes of I-210 to the southbound lanes of State Route 57. The origin of the name comes from its location in the city of Glendora. Prior to 2002, this interchange was entirely part of I-210, and the eastern terminus of I-210 ended several miles south of the curve at the Kellogg Interchange at", "id": "2671217" }, { "contents": "Interstate 78 in New Jersey\n\n\nEntering more commercial areas, Route 173 merges onto I-78/US 22 at exit 13. At exit 15, the highway interchanges with CR 513, and Route 173 splits from I-78/US 22 by heading north on CR 513. At this point, the freeway enters Franklin Township briefly at exit 15 and then enters Clinton where it crosses the South Branch Raritan River. I-78/US 22 turns northeast and leaves Clinton for Clinton Township, where it has an eastbound exit and westbound entrance for Route 173 that also provides access to", "id": "16353900" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 15\n\n\nlimits, the business route veers onto Center Street and follows that through the center of town. At the north end of the city, I-15 Bus. turns west and runs concurrently with US 30 to its northern end at I-15 Exit 47. Interstate 15 Business runs for exactly through Inkom in northern Bannock County. I-15 Bus. mostly follows Old Highway 91 between Exits 57 and 58, a pair of partial interchanges. Interstate 15 Business spans through Pocatello in northern Bannock County. I-15 Bus. begins at I-15 Exit 67, where", "id": "15434019" }, { "contents": "Interstate 10 in California\n\n\nI-10 down Interstate 5 between the East LA Interchange and the Santa Monica Freeway, negating a section of the San Bernardino Freeway west of I-5. This short section of Route 10 between Route 5 and Route 101, which was formerly defined as Route 110 (signed as Interstate 110) until 1968, is signed overhead for I-10 eastbound and for U.S. 101 westbound. This I-5/I-10 cosigning is consistent with the Federal Highway Administration's Interstate Highway route logs that such an overlap exists for the segment of I-10 in California. I-10 is", "id": "10298840" }, { "contents": "Nevada State Route 425\n\n\ncenter of Verdi, then southeast to its terminus at the I-80 East Verdi interchange (Exit 5). Although designated a state route and an Interstate business route, there are no route shields posted along the highway itself. The I-80 business route extends beyond the end of SR 425. From the highway's western terminus, I-80 Business follows Gold Ranch Road an additional south to end at an I-80 westbound onramp. The highway originally carried State Route 1 and later U.S. Route 40 on its trek west from Reno over Donner Pass towards", "id": "5840323" }, { "contents": "Interstate 516\n\n\ncurrent western terminus of I-516. In 1985, the entire highway from its then-current western terminus at Burnsed Blvd to Montgomery Street was designated as I-516. The freeway portion was extended westward to the interchange with SR 25 (Burnsed Blvd) and eastward to the current eastern terminus. Also US 17/SR 25 and US 80/SR 26 were re-routed along the freeway, from the West Bay Street exit to the Ogeechee Road exit. In 1995, US 17 had a major re-routing through the city", "id": "10860994" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 15\n\n\nState Route 28. Interstate 15 Business is a Business loop of Interstate 15 in Bringham City, and is also concurrent with Business Loop 84. It runs from an interchange at Exit 362 on I-15/84 at first along U.S. Route 91 to the intersection with U.S. Route 89 and UT 13. US 91 continues east along US 89, while BL 15/84 turns left to go north along UT 13 (South Main Street). Further in town, the road serves as the west end of Utah State Route 90. At Forest Street,", "id": "15434015" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 95 in Nevada\n\n\nthe Henderson Spaghetti Bowl (also known as the Hender-Bender) interchange of Interstate 215 and SR 564 and Interstate 515 begins. The freeway then heads west into Downtown Las Vegas, where it intersects Interstate 15. At the Spaghetti Bowl interchange, US 93 follows I-15 northbound and I-515 ends. US 95 heads west, then north at the Rainbow Curve. The freeway portion then ends at Corn Creek Road northwest of the Las Vegas Valley and then it becomes a brief four-lane divided highway. US 95 exits Clark County", "id": "7359006" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 15\n\n\nwhen it turns east onto Alameda Road, which becomes Pocatello Creek Road when it veers northeast to the business route's terminus at I-15 Exit 71. Interstate 15 Business has a length of through Blackfoot in central Bingham County. I-15 Bus. begins at I-15 Exit 89 near the northern end of the Fort Hall Indian Reservation and follows US 91 northeast parallel to the Union Pacific Railroad. The highways cross the Blackfoot River into the city of Blackfoot along Broadway Street. In downtown Blackfoot, the routes veer onto Main Street, then I-15", "id": "15434021" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 50 in Maryland\n\n\neastbound exit. Following this interchange, US 50 passes office parks and industrial development in New Carrollton. The highway reaches a hybrid turbine interchange with I-95/I-495, the Capital Beltway. At the I-95/I-495 interchange, the US 50 freeway becomes part of the Interstate Highway System as I-595, which is an unsigned highway. The road heads east as an ten-lane freeway, with the left lane in each direction designated as a high-occupancy vehicle lane (HOV lane). The freeway passes near residential development and", "id": "21110676" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nloop of Interstate 40 is the third business route of I-40 in Oklahoma. It runs northeast along former US 66 from eastbound exit 32 and turns east after the beginning of an overlap with OK 6 that runs along the route until OK 6 turns south at North Main Street. From there it snakes through the northeastern part of the city and after the intersection with OK 34 finally terminates with I-40 at westbound exit 41. The route begins at a left exit in a wye interchange with Interstate 40, which also serves as a connection", "id": "294180" }, { "contents": "Iowa Highway 330\n\n\nused as a connector between Des Moines and the Waterloo–Cedar Falls area. Iowa 330 begins at an interchange with Interstate 80 (I-80), U.S. Route 6 (US 6), and US 65 in Altoona. The I-80 freeway runs east–west; US 6 comes up from the southwest along Hubbell Avenue and joins eastbound I-80 while US 65 exits eastbound I-80 and turns onto Hubbell heading northeast. For the first of its routing, Iowa 330 shares the same roadway with US 65. The two routes head northeast on", "id": "10381823" }, { "contents": "Interstate 180 (Pennsylvania)\n\n\nat an interchange with U.S. Route 15 and U.S. Route 220. The highway begins its signage, concurrent along these routes. At exit 27A, US 15 leaves the overlap running south across the Carl E. Stotz Memorial Little League Bridge and I-180 continues eastward, still concurrent with US 220 northbound. From there, I-180 runs along the West Branch Susquehanna River until the highway reaches the eastern suburbs of Williamsport, where US 220 leaves the Interstate via exit 15. From US 220 to the eastern terminus, I-180 is aligned north–south", "id": "4494305" }, { "contents": "Interstate 76 (Ohio–New Jersey)\n\n\nJersey. After I-76 reaches its eastern terminus, the freeway continues as Route 42 and the Atlantic City Expressway to Atlantic City. I-76 begins at I-71 at exit 209, east of Lodi, Ohio; U.S. Route 224 (US 224) continues west from the end of I-76. The interchange was previously a double trumpet, but was reconstructed in 2010. Officially, I-76 begins at the beginning of the ramp from I-71 north; it merges with US 224 at mile 0.61. After passing through rural Medina County, I-76 enters Summit", "id": "12185505" }, { "contents": "Interstate 215 (Utah)\n\n\ninterchange features a grade-separated ramp from northbound 2000 East to eastbound I-215. Past this junction, another interchange at Union Park Avenue appears. Another grade-separated ramp from Union Park Avenue is present. The freeway enters Murray as an interchange serving westbound motorists connects to 280 East and State Street (U.S. Route 89, or US-89). Eastbound travelers connect to State Street further west at a separate exit. The road turns northwest for a short time to approach a junction at I-15 (often called the South Interchange).", "id": "9551591" }, { "contents": "List of state routes in Connecticut\n\n\n. Routes are signed state highways and are assigned numbers from 1 to 399 (with the exception of I-684 and I-691). All state, U.S. and Interstate highways are part of the same numbering system. In 1926, the U.S. highway system was implemented. U.S. Routes 1, 5, 6, and 7 were used as designations on several primary state highways, replacing New England routes 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. The other New England routes that were not re-designated as U.S. routes became ordinary", "id": "5492536" }, { "contents": "Interstate 291 (Massachusetts)\n\n\ndirectly through highly populated areas of Springfield, and passes under several overpasses. From its southwestern terminus to exit 5A, Interstate 291 is concurrent with U.S. Route 20. I-291 is only from Interstate 291 in Connecticut, and there are no intervening Interstate Highway interchanges between them. It can be easy for travelers to become confused between the two highways. Interstate 291 begins as a spur of Interstate 91 at Exit 8 in Springfield, concurrent with U.S. 20, which merges from the north. The two entry ramps from I-91 merge with each", "id": "1778230" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 15\n\n\nprovides access to the end of the Sprinter commuter train line. Shortly thereafter, I-15 Business intersects County Route S14, and then interchanges with State Route 78. The interchange is the last interchange on the 78 before its freeway status ends, and there are only ramps for a westbound entrance or eastbound exit. Continuing north, I-15 Business intersects with El Norte Parkway, a major arterial road, before reconnecting with Interstate 15 at I-15 exit 34 near the northern city limits of Escondido. Though the street itself continues northward well on into", "id": "15434009" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 9\n\n\nSaybrook to I-91 in Cromwell is known as the \"Chester Bowles Highway\". The section from I-91 in Cromwell to Exit 24 in Berlin is known as the \"Korean War Veterans Memorial Highway\". The section from Route 72 in New Britain to Route 175 in Newington is known as the \"Taras Shevchenko Expressway\". The section from Route 175 in Newington to the junction with I-84 is known as the \"Iwo Jima Memorial Expressway\". The road connecting Deep River (then known as Saybrook) and Wethersfield along the west", "id": "15881247" }, { "contents": "Colorado State Highway 74\n\n\nthe Evergreen Parkway segment to four lanes and constructing an interchange with I-70. SH 74 begins at an interchange with I-70 in El Rancho. Ramps from I-70 westbound branch off the freeway's exit 252 from the north side and cross the highway southwestward. Access to SH 74 from I-70 eastbound is provided via U.S. Highway 40 (US 40) a slight distance to the west. From I-70, the roadway heads southwesterly through El Rancho, meeting an intersection with US 40 (Swede Gulch Road). The route heads westward before turning", "id": "12873578" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 84\n\n\nsoutheast corner of that intersection, and the contemporary but still traditional Brigham City Utah Temple on the southwest corner. UT 13 ends at the southern terminus of the overlap of US 89/91, and BL-15/84 makes a sharp right turn along southbound US 91, while South Main Street is taken over by southbound US 89. US 91/BL-15/84 runs west along West 1100th Street South. BL-15/84 ends at Exit 362, a diverging diamond interchange with I-15/84, while West 1100th Street South continues into the I-15 frontage road, and becomes a dead", "id": "6061977" }, { "contents": "Interstate 384\n\n\naccess to I-384 is provided through a complex interchange that also provides access from Pleasant Valley Road near Buckland Hills Mall and from I-291. I-384's first exit is for Spencer Street. The eastbound ramp is on the I-384 mainline, while the westbound ramp comes from a split in the I-84 interchange ramp. Just east of the Spencer Street overpass, the ramp from westbound I-84 joins the I-384 mainline and the HOV lane becomes a conventional lane. I-384 continues along the southern part of Manchester. It has one interchange before it intersects Route", "id": "10503365" }, { "contents": "Interstate 78 in New Jersey\n\n\ninto Springfield Township. The freeway passes near First Watchung Mountain before coming to the Route 24 interchange, where suburban development becomes more dense. At Route 24, I-78 divides into local and express lanes, with three express and three local lanes eastbound and two express and three local lanes westbound. In this section of the highway, most access is via the local lanes, though the next exit for Route 124 includes a direct westbound onramp to the express lanes. Before Route 124, I-78 briefly runs east through Millburn in Essex County", "id": "16353906" }, { "contents": "California State Route 237\n\n\n85. Westbound traffic can connect to Route 85 southbound, but the eastbound traffic connection to Route 85 northbound is labeled as an exit for U.S. 101. Route 237 intersects with Highway 101 at the southern corner of Moffett Field. After this intersection, a carpool lane is added, for a total of three lanes in either direction. It remains like this until the east end of the freeway at Interstate 880, where most eastbound traffic is directed to northbound I-880. The route then becomes a city street (an arterial road)", "id": "9003349" }, { "contents": "Massachusetts Route 141\n\n\nas Easthampton Road, crossing roads south of Mount Tom. Crossing through the Rock Valley section of Holyoke, the highway passes south of the Whiting Reservoir and Wyckoff Country Club, entering the Smiths Valley section. Through Smiths Valley, Route 141 runs southeast through a residential neighborhood, reaching a ramp to Interstate 91 southbound (I-91 exit 17). After another turn, the route crosses into a trumpet interchange with I-91 northbound, becoming a one-way couplet through downtown Holyoke. Route 141 eastbound runs along Dwight Street while Route 141", "id": "2532205" }, { "contents": "Interstate 295 (Delaware–Pennsylvania)\n\n\nof Penndel. Following this interchange, the freeway runs south-southeast near suburban residential areas as it heads west of Levittown. I-295 enters Bristol Township and terminates at an interchange with I-95 at I-276 (Pennsylvania Turnpike). At this interchange, I-295 merges into southbound I-95, with access from westbound I-295 to southbound I-95 and from northbound I-95 to eastbound I-295; there are no ramps connecting I-295 and the Pennsylvania Turnpike. In the 1927 New Jersey state highway renumbering, Route 39 was legislated to begin at the Yardley–Wilburtha Bridge", "id": "9627779" }, { "contents": "James River Freeway\n\n\n. The portion of the James River Freeway between I-44 and the interchange with US 60 and Route 413 is designated as Route 360. Other than its endpoints, there is only one interchange on the route: Route MM in Brookline (now part of Republic). Exit markers for the highway mark the road as the James River Freeway and have no control cities, only \"To Route 60\" eastbound and \"To I-44\" westbound. The control cities between US 60 and US 65 are Republic westbound and Rogersville eastbound. At", "id": "6615288" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 6 in Rhode Island\n\n\nturns south on the I-295 collector/distributor roads to the west end of that freeway. The south interchange of US 6 and I-295 has numerous ramp stubs once intended for a western continuation of the Roberts Expressway as Interstate 84. The six-lane Roberts Expressway has interchanges with Route 5, U.S. Route 6A, Route 128, and US 6A again on its way to Olneyville. It crosses from Johnston into Providence just west of the bridge over Route 128. At the second US 6A interchange, the older Olneyville Bypass begins,", "id": "21794194" }, { "contents": "Flatbush Avenue Connector\n\n\nstate proposed the corridor as the Cedar Ridge Connector with no number, leading from its current terminus at I-84 to U.S. 5/Route 15 in Wethersfield. The short expressway planned to include an interchange with a planned but cancelled Route 71 expressway leading to New Britain. Circa 2015, the viaduct carrying the northbound ramp to Eastbound I-84 was removed, and a new alignment adjacent to the southbound off ramp from Westbound I-84 was built. Exit 45 is currently an incomplete interchange, with ramps only for I-84 westbound to SR 504 (left", "id": "5839909" }, { "contents": "Interstate 195 (New Jersey)\n\n\ndesignation west and south, along existing I-95 instead. I-195's western terminus is at a modified cloverleaf interchange with I-295 in Hamilton Township, Mercer County, located southeast of the city of Trenton. From this end, the freeway continues north into Trenton as Route 29. I-195 serves as the southern continuation of Route 29, continuing east from I-295 as a six-lane expressway, passing between suburban neighborhoods to the north and the Crosswicks Creek to the south. After the exit for US 206, the highway narrows to four lanes", "id": "14760197" }, { "contents": "Massachusetts Route 25\n\n\nRoute 25 west mainline onto Route 495 north, with the right-hand lane serving I-195 via Exit 1. From I-195, Route 25 east is accessible via Exit 22A; I-195 terminates at the interchange. Interstate 495 also terminates at its junction with Route 25; the two southbound lanes of I-495 default onto Route 25 east. After the interchange with I-195 and I-495, Route 25 begins to head in a southeastern direction into the town of Wareham as a six-lane freeway. The route passes under Tihonet Road and through Maple", "id": "18239659" }, { "contents": "California State Route 56\n\n\ncompleted in 1995 after several lawsuits filed by the Sierra Club and other community groups. The two ends were not connected until the middle portion of the freeway was completed in 2004. The delay was largely due to funding issues and environmental concerns. Eastbound SR 56 begins as a ramp from the northbound I-5's local bypass lanes. The interchange is not complete; southbound I-5 traffic must exit to Carmel Valley Road before entering SR 56. Westbound traffic on SR 56 merges into the southbound I-5 local bypass lanes, which provide access to", "id": "2729277" }, { "contents": "Utah State Route 161\n\n\nState Route 161 (SR-161) is a long state highway, designated as a rural major connector, completely within Millard County in central Utah. The highway connects Interstate 70 (I-70) to I-15 while providing service to historic Cove Fort. The route was once part of U.S. Route 91 (US-91), but was renumbered to SR-161 in the 1970s, in parallel with the construction of I-70. Located entirely in southeastern Millard County, SR-161 starts at a diamond interchange with the westernmost exit on I-70 before it terminates at I-15.", "id": "14472451" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 in Connecticut\n\n\nbrief concurrency with Route 72 to the New Britain city line. From the Route 72 junction through Farmington, West Hartford, and into Hartford, I-84 has many left-hand exits and entrances and sharp curves, which were built for a planned network of freeways. In Farmington, US 6 joins I-84 once again at exit 38, and both meet the northern end of the Route 9 expressway at a half-used multi-level stack interchange that was originally planned to be part of the mostly-cancelled I-291 Hartford Beltway.", "id": "14727150" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 40\n\n\nan interchange. Route 40 begins from northbound I-91 in North Haven as the Exit 10 off-ramp. The designation runs for along the exit ramp. The expressway then proceeds northwest and is joined by on-ramps from Bailey Road and southbound I-91. The I-91 interchange includes an overpass over the Quinnipiac River and railroad tracks. About past the I-91 interchange, the road crosses over another set of railroad tracks, then has an interchange with U.S. Route 5. Access to and from US 5 is via Dixwell Avenue (SR 717", "id": "15644232" }, { "contents": "Interstate 695 (District of Columbia)\n\n\nsome remaining \"To I-395\" signage can still be found along I-695 westbound. The new signs designate I-695 as extending from the point where I-395 branches off from the Southeast Freeway, with I-695 continuing along the Southeast Freeway and over the new 11th Street Bridge to the interchange with I-295. However, some commentators contend the new signage is confusing and that the Southeast Freeway is often confused with Baltimore's Beltway, a highway with the same route designation. The entire route is in Washington, D.C. Exits were unnumbered until July 2014.", "id": "13815020" }, { "contents": "California State Route 91\n\n\nState Route 91 (SR 91) is a major east–west state highway in the U.S. state of California that serves several regions of the Greater Los Angeles urban area. A freeway throughout its entire length, it officially runs from Vermont Avenue in Gardena, just west of the junction with the Harbor Freeway (Interstate 110, I-110), east to Riverside at the junction with the Pomona (SR 60 west of SR 91) and Moreno Valley (SR 60 and I-215 east of SR 91) freeways. Though signs along", "id": "4945631" }, { "contents": "Tennessee State Route 182\n\n\nState Route 182 (abbreviated SR 182) is a secondary state highway in western Dyer County, Tennessee. This route is primarily rural in nature throughout its length. The first of SR 182 from its southern terminus with SR 104 to Interstate 155 is a modern two-lane facility with a speed limit. I-155 ended at Exit 7 during the 1970s and this section of SR 182 also served as a temporary link to SR 104 for eastbound motorists until the freeway was completed to Exit 15. SR 182 north of I-155 to its", "id": "12693771" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 4 in New Hampshire\n\n\nI-93 southbound, and runs along the freeway until Exit 15E in Concord. At this interchange, US-4 leaves I-93 and joins Interstate 393 and U.S. Route 202 which run eastbound out of the city. The two U.S. routes overlap I-393 to its terminus in the northern corner of Pembroke. I-393 then ends, and US-4/US-202 merge onto Route 9 eastbound through Chichester and into Epsom. The road crosses Route 28 at the Epsom Traffic Circle, then continues east and intersects Route 107, forming a long four-route concurrency into Northwood", "id": "19470164" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 9\n\n\nriver, it passes through the towns of Essex, Deep River, Chester, Haddam, and Middletown). After its junction with Interstate 91 in Cromwell, Route 9 continues westward then northward, running through the Hartford area towns/cities of Berlin, New Britain, Newington, and Farmington. At the junction with I-84/US 6 near the Farmington - West Hartford town line, Route 9 follows the ramps for eastbound I-84 and ends at the merge with I-84 immediately after crossing the town line. Route 9 has a non", "id": "15881245" }, { "contents": "Maryland Route 32\n\n\nCSX line) and several industrial parks in Annapolis Junction. MD 32 continues northwest into Savage, where the highway has a cloverleaf interchange with US 1 (Washington Boulevard) that includes collector-distributor lanes in both directions. North of Savage, the freeway has a partial cloverleaf interchange with I-95 that has a pair of left-exiting ramps from westbound MD 32 to southbound I-95 and from eastbound MD 32 to northbound I-95; because of these left exits, I-95 is configured differently in that its southbound lanes pass under MD 32 and", "id": "8470347" }, { "contents": "Interstate 95 in Massachusetts\n\n\nto eight lanes. Then the highway passes through Newton, then enters Weston and has a large interchange with the Massachusetts Turnpike (I-90) that provides connections to nearby Route 30. There is a fourth lane after the interchange with Route 9. Exits 23, 24, and 25 are one combined exit northbound. I-95 and Route 128 are due west of Boston at this point and begin to turn to the northeast, serving the city of Waltham and the town of Lexington along the way. The freeway has an interchange with Route", "id": "18993893" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 372\n\n\nthe Mattabesset River, intersecting I-91 at Exit 21. It then widens to 4 lanes, and intersects the northern end of Route 217. Farther east, it crosses Route 3 before meeting Route 9 once again at Exit 19. It then turns southeast to at an intersection with Route 99 at the Cromwell town center. Route 72 was established in the 1932 state highway renumbering between Route 66 in Middletown and Route 10 Plainville. By the beginning of 1963, after the implementation of the 1962 Route Reclassification Act, Route 72 was extended", "id": "8495485" }, { "contents": "Interstate 664\n\n\nhas a connection to Portsmouth through Virginia State Route 164 (SR 164) and to Suffolk via U.S. Route 13, US 58, and US 460. I-664 begins at a full Y interchange with I-64 and I-264 that serves as the terminus of all three Interstates in the Bowers Hill section of the city of Chesapeake. I-64 heads southeast as a continuation of the Hampton Roads Beltway through Chesapeake while I-264 heads east toward Portsmouth and Norfolk. I-664 heads west as an eight-lane freeway that has a southbound-only exit ramp to", "id": "13145352" }, { "contents": "Virginia State Route 194\n\n\ncloverleaf interchange with I-64 (Hampton Roads Beltway) that only contains ramps in the northeast and southwest quadrants of the interchange. Northbound SR 194 has an exit ramp to and an entrance ramp from westbound I-64. Southbound SR 194 has an exit ramp to and an entrance ramp from eastbound I-64. The missing connections with I-64 are made via SR 247 to the south and SR 165 (Little Creek Road) to the north of the Interstate. North of SR 165, SR 194 becomes a four-lane divided highway north to its", "id": "19152409" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nalphabetic values to allow for future system expansion. The alphabetic naming suffixes are included as small letters on the bottom of reassurance shields. The Glenrio business spur of Interstate 40 begins at I-40 on exit 0 just east of the New Mexico-Texas state line. The highway runs south from the interchange towards Former route 66, then turns west along that decommissioned route where it terminates at the Texas-New Mexico State Line. The Adrian business loop of Interstate 40 begins at I-40 at exit 22 and runs along Former route 66 to", "id": "294158" }, { "contents": "Vermont Route 103\n\n\nand slightly better road across the Green Mountains to Rutland, it is a direct east–west road intersecting Interstate 91 significantly north of the diagonal 103. Numerous proposals to widen 103 into a two-lane freeway or similar limited-access roadway have failed, even though a substantial power company right of way shadows the road for much of its length. VT 103 begins at U.S. Route 5 in Rockingham just east of Interstate 91 and just north of Bellows Falls. From there, it interchanges with I-91 at exit 6 and proceeds", "id": "13506058" } ]

[ { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\nInterstate 691 (I-691) is a portion of the Interstate Highway System in Connecticut beginning at Interstate 91 in Meriden and ending at Interstate 84 near the Cheshire-Southington town line. It is in length, including of the exit ramp to the merge with westbound I-84. I-691 is also known as the Henry D. Altobello Highway for its entire length. I-691 is the main east–west highway of the city of Meriden. The freeway actually begins in Middlefield as Route 66, technically becoming I-691 at the junction with I-91 (Exit", "id": "767379" }, { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\n11). However, westbound signage indicates I-691 begins at the start of the freeway (just west of Exit 13), while eastbound signage shows I-691 ending at the Route 15 interchange (at eastbound Exit 10 about west of the interchange with I-91). To go from I-91 northbound to I-691 westbound (or from I-691 eastbound to I-91 southbound), one must actually use Route 15. Exit 9 westbound provides access to Route 15 North. West of the I-91/Route 15 interchange, I-691 meets US 5, which provides", "id": "767380" }, { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\n66. The highway was extended west to Exit 4 by 1971. The connection to I-84 was eventually completed in 1987, with the renumbering to I-691 done at the same time. The portion east of I-91 remained as Route 66. Environmental and community groups successfully blocked attempts to extend the freeway east of its present terminus due to potential impacts on the Mt. Higby Reservoir, which provides drinking water for the local area. A compromise was reached in the late 1990s allowing CONNDOT to convert Route 66 from a 2-lane road to 4 lanes", "id": "767383" }, { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\nat Exit 4. It then crosses the Quinnipiac River into Cheshire, where it has an interchange with Route 10, then continues west to end at I-84 at the Southington/Cheshire town line. The highway officially ends as it merges into I-84 West. In the 1940s, the I-691 routing was part of a planned US 6A Expressway from Southington to Willimantic. A section of the expressway (from its Middlefield terminus west to Exit 8) first opened in 1966. By 1968, the US 6A designation was dropped in favor of Route", "id": "767382" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 66\n\n\nRoute 66 is a Connecticut state highway running from Meriden to Windham, serving as an alternate east–west route to US 6 through east-central Connecticut. Route 66 officially begins at I-91 in Meriden as the extension of I-691, which officially ends at its interchange with I-91. This freeway portion runs for about into the town of Middlefield, where it becomes a four lane surface road. In Middlefield, it has junctions with the northern end of Route 147, and the southern end of Route 217. It then enters Middletown", "id": "16691092" }, { "contents": "Interstate 91\n\n\nUS 5 begins at the first of its many interchanges with the freeway. Leaving New Haven, I-91 follows a northeastward trek into North Haven, where it meets the southern end of the Route 40 expressway. It travels through the eastern part of Wallingford before entering the eastern part of the city of Meriden. In Meriden, about halfway between Hartford and New Haven, I-91 sees a complex set of interchanges with the Wilbur Cross Parkway (Route 15), the Route 66 expressway, and its first spur route, I-691. I-691", "id": "8976770" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 15\n\n\nmore northeasterly in North Haven. Major junctions include the Milford Parkway (SR 796), a connector providing access to Interstate 95 and US 1 beginning just east of the Sikorsky Bridge; US 5 in Wallingford; and a complex set of interchanges in Meriden providing access to I-91, I-691, and the Route 66 expressway. The parkway ends about a mile north of I-691 as US 5 joins Route 15 and the road becomes a four-lane divided highway with signalized and at-grade intersections known as the Berlin Turnpike. After", "id": "14881517" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 66\n\n\nthe expressway from US 5 in Meriden to Middlefield (where the current expressway ends) opened to traffic. By 1968, the US 6A designation was removed and split into several routes. The section from I-84 in Southington to US 6 in Columbia was renumbered as Route 66, including the newly opened freeway segment. In 1971, another section of the Route 66 freeway opened from between Route 322 and US 5. In 1987, with the completion of the freeway connection to I-84, the section of Route 66 west of I-91 was", "id": "16691099" }, { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\naccess to Route 15 North for eastbound traffic. Exit 7 provides access to Downtown Meriden. Westbound traffic exits onto State Street Extension, while eastbound traffic enters onto Columbia Street. Exits 6 and 5 provide access to Route 71, as well as access to Westfield Meriden. Exit 6 exits to Lewis Avenue, while Exit 5 exits directly to Route 71. From here, I-691 passes along the north side of Hubbard Park as well as by Castle Craig before it crosses into Southington. It then meets the eastern end of Route 322", "id": "767381" }, { "contents": "Interstate 291 (Connecticut)\n\n\nInterstate 291 (I-291) is a short Interstate Highway in the state of Connecticut that starts at I-91 at its junction with Route 218 in Windsor and ends at I-84 in Manchester. It serves as a northeastern bypass of Hartford. The official length of I-291 is , including of the exit ramp to the merge with eastbound I-84. I-291 is also known as the Vietnam Veterans Memorial Highway for its entire length. I-291 begins at I-91 in Windsor at an interchange that also provides access to and from Route 218. Heading southeast, I-291", "id": "4834367" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 in Connecticut\n\n\ncity of Waterbury, where it intersects the Route 8 expressway and crosses the Naugatuck River on an elevated dual-decked viaduct known locally as The Mixmaster. After passing through Cheshire, I-84 intersects the western end of I-691 at the Cheshire–Southington town line, which is also the New Haven–Hartford county line. I-84 turns more northerly for a stretch to exit 31 (Route 229), which provides access to Lake Compounce Amusement Park and ESPN World Headquarters. The freeway heads more northeasterly to Plainville, where it has a", "id": "14727149" }, { "contents": "Interstate 384\n\n\nInterstate 384 (I-384) is an Interstate Highway located entirely within the state of Connecticut. It runs east to west, going from Interstate 84 in East Hartford to U.S. Route 6/U.S. Route 44 in Bolton. I-384 officially begins at I-84 eastbound Exit 59 at the East Hartford/Manchester town line, as the right 2 lanes of traffic split from the I-84 mainline. The highway can also be accessed from the I-84 eastbound HOV lane, and westbound I-384 traffic can also access the HOV lane on westbound I-84. Westbound I-84", "id": "10503364" }, { "contents": "Special routes of U.S. Route 6\n\n\n6A from Plymouth–Farmington, this became US 6A. This US 6A was subsequently extended through Meriden to Willimantic along modern Route 66. An expressway upgrade was planned for this US 6A. Only a portion of the highway was built and is now I-691. U.S. Route 6A (US 6A) between Coventry and Windham was designated when New England Interstate Route 3 (NE-3) was deleted. The route was swapped with the old US 6 in 1939 and finally deleted in 1942 when US 6A became Route 31. U.S. Route 6A (US", "id": "10795785" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 (Pennsylvania–Massachusetts)\n\n\nNew Milford. Route 6 leaves the interstate at the next exit, and I-84 continues east across the countryside. At Exit 11, it turns to the northeast and descends to cross the Housatonic River on the Rochambeau Bridge, into New Haven County. It then climbs onto higher ground to the city of Waterbury, which it passes on an elevated viaduct with the eastbound and westbound lanes on different levels. Here the CT 8 expressway intersects. The eastern heading continues past Waterbury to Milldale, where Interstate 691 splits off to the east", "id": "12185438" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 120\n\n\nRoute 120 is a state highway in Connecticut, running entirely in the town of Southington. It serves as a more direct connection between the town center of Southington and the city of Meriden. Route 120 begins at an intersection with Route 322 in southeastern Southington, just west of the Meriden city line and about from an interchange with I-691. It heads in a northwest direction, crossing Misery Brook about later, passing by the St. Thomas Cemetery, then intersecting with Route 364 after another . Route 120 ends at an intersection with Route", "id": "21983096" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 322\n\n\nmeets Route 10 at a grade separated intersection. It briefly crosses into Cheshire before crossing the Quinnipiac River and reentering southeastern Southington. It meets the southern end of Route 120 before ending at an interchange with I-691 near the Southington-Meriden town line. The road continues into Meriden as West Main Street. Route 322 was established in 1963, running from Route 69 to then US 6A (Meriden Road) in Wolcott. The year before becoming a signed route, Route 322 was taken over by the state and designated as unsigned SR", "id": "8420887" }, { "contents": "Interstate 91\n\n\n. As such, it is almost always heavily trafficked (especially during rush hour), and maintains at least three lanes in each direction through Connecticut except for a short portion in Hartford at the interchange with I-84 and in Meriden at the interchange with Route 15. The three cities also serve as Connecticut's control points along its length of the Interstate. I-91 begins just east of downtown New Haven at an interchange with I-95 (the Connecticut Turnpike), and Route 34. At the bottom of the ramp for exit 5,", "id": "8976769" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 66\n\n\nIt ran from the Milldale section of Southington, via Meriden and Middletown, to Willimantic. In the 1932 state highway renumbering, old Highway 111 was designated as part of Route 14, which extended from Woodbury to the Rhode Island state line. In 1941, the section of Route 14 from Woodbury to Willimantic was redesignated as US 6A, connecting at US 6 on both ends. In the early 1960s, plans for constructing a US 6A expressway between I-84 in Southington and Willimantic were announced. By 1966, a short portion of", "id": "16691098" }, { "contents": "Interstate 66\n\n\nfrom eastbound I-66 to the West Falls Church Metro station at the Leesburg Pike (Virginia State Route 7) interchange and will provide a new bridge for the W&OD Trail over Lee Highway (Virginia State Route 29). In Washington D.C., I-66 was planned to extend east of its current terminus along the North Leg of the Inner Loop freeway. I-66 would have also met the eastern terminus of a planned Interstate 266 at US 29, and the western terminus of the South Leg Freeway (I-695) at US 50; I-266 would", "id": "9038810" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 10\n\n\n. It then turns north onto Dixwell Avenue, and intersects the Wilbur Cross Parkway (Route 15) at Exit 60. In the center of Hamden, it turns onto Whitney Avenue. Proceeding northward, it encounters the northern end of the Route 40 freeway and the western end of Route 22 . In Cheshire, it meets the eastern end of Route 42, and has a brief triplex with Routes 68 and 70. At the north end of town is a junction with I-691 at Exit 3. It then enters Southington, where", "id": "16098035" }, { "contents": "Interstate 80 in Iowa\n\n\nthe east at the Jordan Creek Parkway exit. The highway adds a third lane eastbound and drops the third lane westbound. Almost to the east is the interchange with I-35, which also marks the beginning of I-235. Eastbound I-80 exits the freeway via a flyover ramp to northbound I-35; eastbound I-235 begins as the continuation of the I-80 freeway. Locally, this exit is called the West Mixmaster. I-80 shares the next with I-35 on a six-lane freeway where each direction's three lanes are separated by a Jersey barrier.", "id": "3837266" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 68\n\n\nto its junction with I-91 at Exit 15. After overpassing I-91 and passing a couple of business parks, Route 68 becomes a 2 lane road once again. It then enters Durham, where it passes the southern end of Route 157 before ending at Route 17 in the center of town. The road connecting Naugatuck and Cheshire was designated in 1922 as State Highway 325. In the 1932 state highway renumbering, former Highway 325 was renumbered to Route 68. The route was later extended east to Middlefield in 1966 along former SR 607", "id": "3645090" }, { "contents": "Interstate 480 (Nebraska–Iowa)\n\n\nLeavenworth neighborhood from the Old Market neighborhood. Shortly after the Leavenworth Street exit is the Harney Street exit, which provides access to U.S. Route 6 from eastbound I-480. before the North Freeway interchange, I-480 passes beneath Dodge and Douglas Streets, which are the westbound and eastbound lanes of U.S. 6, respectively. Just to the southwest of the Creighton University campus is the North Freeway interchange, where US 75 leaves eastbound I-480 and joins westbound. The North Freeway was originally planned to be an Interstate Highway, \"I-580\", connecting", "id": "10317788" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nExit 110 leading to the I-40 frontage road along the eastbound lanes, which suddenly becomes a divided highway named \"Route 66.\" The first intersection is a connecting road to the parts of the interchange with the eastbound on-ramp, as well as the frontage roads along the westbound lanes, leading to the western terminus of the business loop. Shortly after this is the barely paved Carson County Road BB. The divided highway ends just west of TX FM 295 and Carson County Road CC (Western Avenue), and gains", "id": "294168" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 in New York\n\n\n6 and 202 closely parallel I-84 to the north, between the freeway and one of the upper basins of East Branch Reservoir, part of New York City's water supply system. The northern terminus of NY 121 lets eastbound traffic on and westbound traffic off. Two miles (3.2 km) to the east, Signs appear for Saw Mill Road, exit 1 on Connecticut's stretch of I-84, and its ramps leave the highway just a hundred feet (30 m) before the state line. The route of I-84 through the", "id": "995373" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 34\n\n\nLegion Avenue, later becoming South Frontage Road (former Oak Street), while westbound Route 34 uses North Frontage Road. The eastbound section running along Legion Avenue and South Frontage Road (1.03 miles) is town-maintained. The corresponding westbound section along North Frontage Road is officially designated as State Road 706 but is signed as Route 34 West. Route 34 then continues along the Oak Street Connector, a six-lane freeway that connects to I-91 and I-95. The freeway portion has two westbound exits and three eastbound entrances,", "id": "5492586" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nfor BL-40, because south of this intersection is an approach to a westbound on-eastbound off wye interchange with I-40. Immediately after this intersection, BL-40 ends at an eastbound on-westbound off wye interchange with I-40. The Clinton business loop of Interstate 40 is the fourth business route of I-40 in Oklahoma, running from exit 65 to exit 69, although only part of the route runs along former US 66. The route begins at exit 65, which is an eastbound flyover with no re-entry, and a westbound", "id": "294183" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nand maintenance facility, and then leaves the frontage road at the on ramp to eastbound I-40, where it meets its terminus. The frontage roads along both sides of I-40 continue through three more interchanges before crossing the Texas-Oklahoma State Line. The Erick business loop of Interstate 40 is the first business route of I-40 in Oklahoma. It begins on exit 5 (Honeyfarm Drive) and runs south into North 1720th Road until that street ends at a four-lane divided highway known as East 1240th Road (former Route 66)", "id": "294176" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 542\n\n\nRoute 542 (also known as Ferguson Road) is a state road in northern Connecticut. It is contained inside the town of Vernon. It runs from Route 533 to Route 541. Route 542 begins at Route 543 (Tunnel Road) in the central portion of the town of Vernon. It then heads east for about before intersecting with exit 66 on Interstate 84 (I-84}. Only travelers on westbound I-84 can exit onto Route 542, and that travelers on Route 542 can only get onto westbound I-84. About from the", "id": "1160744" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 71\n\n\nas it intersects West Main Street. While southbound traffic may continue from West Main Street onto Cook Avenue, northbound traffic must turn right onto Hanover Street, then left onto South Grove Street, and left onto West Main Street to continue. Once reunited, Route 71 proceeds west on West Main Street before turning north onto Chamberlain Highway. It then crosses I-691 at Exit 5, with access to and from the west. It then crosses into Berlin, passing the eastern end of Route 364 before turning northeast as the Chamberlain Highway becomes", "id": "18857060" }, { "contents": "Interstate 91\n\n\nparallels the river, never more than from its shore. I-91 then enters the Hartford city limits. In Hartford, I-91 it has a set of interchanges with US 5/Route 15 (Wilbur Cross Highway), which provides access from I-91 north to I-84 east, and from I-84 west to I-91 south via the Charter Oak Bridge. I-91 then has an interchange with I-84, where all other movements to and from I-84 take place. Before leaving the city limits, an HOV lane begins that has its own set of interchanges", "id": "8976772" }, { "contents": "Interstate 210 (Louisiana)\n\n\nShip Channel. At the southeastern end of the bridge, the highway meets with exit 3, Prien Lake Road, eastbound. I-210 heads east through Lake Charles, turning 90 degrees at exit 8, LA 14/Gerstner Memorial Drive. The highway then heads north towards its eastern terminus with I-10 just east of Lake Charles. Though portions of the freeway run north-south, the entire route is signed east-west. All of I-210 is included as part of the National Highway System, a system of roadways important to", "id": "2671252" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 95 in California\n\n\nChemehuevi Mountains before entering the city of Needles after several miles. After passing the Needles Municipal Airport, US 95 merges onto I-40 westbound and continues through Needles on the freeway. US 95 exits from I-40 west of Needles and continues northwest to Searchlight Junction, where US 95 continues north at the junction with the old routing of US 66. The highway continues north, east of Homer Mountain, to the Nevada state line. US 95 is part of the California Freeway and Expressway System, and a small portion near I-10 and the", "id": "21402148" }, { "contents": "Interstate 66\n\n\nInterstate 66 (I-66) is an Interstate Highway in the eastern United States. As indicated by its even route number, it runs in an east–west direction. Its current western terminus is near Middletown, Virginia, at an interchange with I-81; its eastern terminus is in Washington, D.C., at an interchange with U.S. Route 29. Because of its terminus in the Shenandoah Valley, the highway was once called the \"Shenandoah Freeway.\" Much of the route parallels U.S. Route 29 or Virginia State Route 55. Interstate", "id": "9038774" }, { "contents": "Interstate 95 in Connecticut\n\n\nof around 150,000 throughout the entire length between the New York state line and the junction with I-91 in New Haven. The Turnpike intersects with several major expressways, namely US 7 at Exit 15 in Norwalk, Route 8 and Route 25 at Exit 27A in Bridgeport (quickest way to I-84 from southwest CT), the Merritt and Wilbur Cross Parkways at Exit 38 (via the Milford Parkway) in Milford, and Interstate 91 at Exit 48 in New Haven. North (east) of I-91, the Turnpike continues along the Connecticut", "id": "5620386" }, { "contents": "Missouri Route 96\n\n\nRoute 96 was redesignated as Route YY west of Route 171 when Kansas deleted the eastern part of K-96. Route 96 begins at a partial interchange with Interstate 44 (I-44) just west of Halltown (there is no access to westbound I-44 or from eastbound I-44). The highway is a two-lane road and is relatively straight all the way to Carthage. Approximately west of I-44 is the western terminus of Route 266. Approximately further west, Route 96 is joined by Historic Route 66. At Albatross, is an intersection", "id": "11824778" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nI-40, and the former segment of US 66 along the north side continues as one of the two I-40 frontage roads. The Amarillo business loop of Interstate 40 begins at I-40 exit 62A just west of Amarillo. The highway was formerly a business route for Route 66, being that highway's only bannered route in Texas. Bus. I-40 D is known locally as Amarillo Boulevard and is the longest buisness route of Interstate 40. Bus. I-40 D begins at Interstate 40 exit 62A just west of Amarillo near Cadillac Ranch. The", "id": "294164" }, { "contents": "Interstate 540 and North Carolina Highway 540\n\n\nto the Western Wake Freeway and future Southern and Eastern Wake Freeways. As of January 2013, the North Carolina state route traverses east–west from I-40, in Durham County to NC 55, in Holly Springs. Initially intended to be signed as an extension of the I-540 loop, the first section of the route bears mile markers and exit numbers for the complete Interstate loop, going from 66 to 69. In Mid-2012, this section of the beltway became part of the Triangle Expressway. No portion of I-540 is tolled.", "id": "6204061" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 229\n\n\nRoute 229 is a state highway in the western Greater Hartford area of the U.S. state of Connecticut. It runs north–south from Interstate 84 in Southington to U.S. Route 6 in Bristol. Along the way, it intersects Route 72 in the Forestville section of Bristol. Route 229 nominally begins at the end of the eastbound Exit 31 off-ramp of I-84 in western Southington, heading northward along West Street. State maintenance and the official southern end of Route 229 actually begins about south of the off-ramp. West Street", "id": "7429975" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nwhich focuses on the roads former status as Route 66. The commercial strip ends after a dirt road named North Tennessee Street. \"Route 66\" splits from East 12th Street at an intersection that's another connecting road to the eastbound off-ramp of Exit 164, the then runs over the overpass above I-40 to turn right at the frontage road along the westbound lanes leading to the western beginning of the business loop. Eastbound Business Interstate Route 40-J narrows down to a two-lane undivided highway before passing by a TxDOT construction", "id": "294175" }, { "contents": "Highway revolts in the United States\n\n\nInterstate 291 beltway west of Interstate 91, the proposed Interstate 484 expressway through the downtown, and the proposed Interstate 284 expressway between East Hartford and South Windsor, and Interstate 491 from Wethersfield to Manchester. After these freeways were cancelled, the State of Connecticut used the funds allocated for their construction to rebuild and expand existing freeways in the Greater Hartford area. In 1992 the Route 9 Expressway was extended north from I-91 in New Britain to Interstate 84 in Farmington, completing what would have been the southwest quadrant of the I-291 beltway;", "id": "256037" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 in Connecticut\n\n\nthe northern end of the Route 15 expressway, it inherits the Wilbur Cross Highway name for the rest of its length. From 1968 until 1984, the I-84 designation ended here, and the highway became I-86 for the rest of its length, as I-84 was once planned to be built east toward Providence, Rhode Island. I-84 intersects one of the remnants of the abandoned project, I-384, as part of a series of complex interchanges in Manchester including the end of the US 6 concurrency at exit 60, and a connection to", "id": "14727152" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nfrontage roads along the westbound lanes leading to the western beginning of the business loop, and an unorthodox roadside attraction known as the Leaning Tower of Texas. Business Interstate Route 40-F ends at the on ramp to eastbound I-40, as does the divided former US 66, which is converted back into the frontage road along the eastbound lanes of I-40. The McLean business loop of Interstate 40 runs from exit 141 to 143. Officially designated as Business Interstate 40-H by the Texas Department of Transportation, it begins at I-40 at an eastbound flyover", "id": "294170" }, { "contents": "Maryland Route 53\n\n\nstate highway then meets its northern terminus at an intersection with US 40 Alternate in La Vale. Access to westbound I-68 is provided a short distance to the east on US 40 Alternate. MD 53 is part of US 220 Truck, which provides access from Interstate 68 (I-68) west of La Vale to southbound US 220 for trucks due to a truck prohibition on the eastbound exit ramp for I-68's interchange with US 220. The state highway is part of the main National Highway System from US 220 to I-68; in addition", "id": "11898711" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 84\n\n\nend street at the truck stop along the aforementioned frontage road. Interstate 84 Business was a business loop of I-84 along in Morgan, Utah. It ran north along Utah State Route 66 at Exit 103 (State Street) to East 600th Street running along the north side of I-84 until the former westbound-off-ramp and eastbound on-ramp that was once westbound Exit 103 until the mid-1990s. Interstate 84 Business was a business loop of I-84 along in Henefer, Utah. It ran southeast along the southwest side of I-84", "id": "6061978" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 5 in Connecticut\n\n\nStreet becomes Broad Street after the intersection with Hall Avenue as it passes by the eastern part of the city, avoiding the downtown area. Past Olive Street, the road becomes divided with a wide grassy median. At the north end of the divided section, it has an intersection with East Main Street, the main east–west business route through the city. About north of East Main Street, US 5 has an interchange with I-691 (at exit 8). At the intersection with Brittania Street, the road becomes North Broad", "id": "5428414" }, { "contents": "Interstate 91\n\n\nthe river can also be easily accessed in this stretch. At exit 19 is the northern terminus of I-93, a major interstate highway in New England, which provides a direct route south through the White Mountains and to almost all major cities in New Hampshire. Just after exit 19, there are three exits for St. Johnsbury, including a major intersection with US 2. Along westbound US 2, the capital of Vermont, Montpelier, is eventually reached from I-91, although I-89 provides Montpelier with immediate Interstate access. I-91 continues northward", "id": "8976783" }, { "contents": "Massachusetts Turnpike\n\n\nand the seventh-longest gap between exits in the entire Interstate Highway System. The highest elevation on the turnpike exists in The Berkshires, reaching above sea level in Becket; this point is also the highest elevation on I-90 east of South Dakota. Beyond the peak elevation and between the exits, an eastbound runaway truck ramp exists in Russell. The turnpike has an interchange with I-91 and US 5 at exit 4 in West Springfield; it passes over the Connecticut River before reaching Route 33 at exit 5 and I-291 at exit 6", "id": "8595595" }, { "contents": "County Route 66 (California)\n\n\ncrossing paths with the freeway again at Fenner, before heading east on Goffs Road to the junction with US 95. Next, CR 66 cosigns along US 95 south to the junction with I-40, where both the US and county routes cosign with I-40 heading east towards Needles. CR 66 exits the freeway at River Road Cutoff, where it immediately turns onto National Trails Highway after exiting. The route follows National Trails Highway to its end on River Road, then begins its southeast journey into downtown Needles. After an interchange with I-40", "id": "21979064" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 (Pennsylvania–Massachusetts)\n\n\n. This section has many left-hand exits and entrances and sharp curves, which were built for a planned network of freeways. I-84 heads northeast towards New Britain and Hartford, the state capital and the largest community along its eastern length. After intersecting Interstate 91, the road crosses the Connecticut River on the Bulkeley Bridge, oldest on the Interstate system, then becomes the Wilbur Cross Highway and continues towards the northeast. The last exit in Connecticut is Exit 74, an exit for Route 171. I-84 crosses the Massachusetts border", "id": "12185439" }, { "contents": "Rhode Island Route 4\n\n\n. After exit 7, Route 4 continues northward as a six-lane expressway, passing farmlands to the west and entering a suburban region of East Greenwich. The highway crosses under an overpass at Middle Road before interchanging with Route 401, the freeway's final spur, at another partial cloverleaf interchange. Exit 8 is also used to access Route 2 and I-95 south, which has no direct freeway connection with Route 4 north. Shortly after exit 8, the Route 4 designation ends and the mainline of the highway defaults onto I-95", "id": "14737226" }, { "contents": "Cromwell, Connecticut\n\n\nis land and (4.03%) is water. A major north/south highway, Interstate 91, with two Cromwell exits, runs through the Town. The Central Connecticut Expressway (Route 9), opened at the end of 1989, enhances the Town's location as it connects I-95 in Old Saybrook, I-91 in Cromwell and I-84, the State's major east/west highway in New Britain. As of the census of 2010, there were 14,005 people, 5,212 households, and 3,262 families residing in the town.", "id": "17977773" }, { "contents": "Interstate 190 (South Dakota)\n\n\n16 westbound goes east on Omaha Street and eastbound runs north concurrently with I-190. I-190 then becomes a freeway, with an exit to North Street. I-190 then passes under Anamosa Street before an on-ramp from the northbound lanes of West Boulevard. Both US 16 and I-190 then terminate at a trumpet interchange with I-90/US 14/SD 79. Legally, the route of I-190 is defined at South Dakota Codified Laws § 31-4-203. I-190 was opened in 1962 to connect Rapid City to the recently completed", "id": "2672231" }, { "contents": "Interstate 210 and State Route 210 (California)\n\n\nfor the interchange between State Route 57 and the Foothill Freeway, Interstate 210. The \"curve\" portion refers to the interchange from the northbound lanes of State Route 57 to the westbound lanes of I-210, and from the eastbound lanes of I-210 to the southbound lanes of State Route 57. The origin of the name comes from its location in the city of Glendora. Prior to 2002, this interchange was entirely part of I-210, and the eastern terminus of I-210 ended several miles south of the curve at the Kellogg Interchange at", "id": "2671217" }, { "contents": "Interstate 78 in New Jersey\n\n\nEntering more commercial areas, Route 173 merges onto I-78/US 22 at exit 13. At exit 15, the highway interchanges with CR 513, and Route 173 splits from I-78/US 22 by heading north on CR 513. At this point, the freeway enters Franklin Township briefly at exit 15 and then enters Clinton where it crosses the South Branch Raritan River. I-78/US 22 turns northeast and leaves Clinton for Clinton Township, where it has an eastbound exit and westbound entrance for Route 173 that also provides access to", "id": "16353900" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 15\n\n\nlimits, the business route veers onto Center Street and follows that through the center of town. At the north end of the city, I-15 Bus. turns west and runs concurrently with US 30 to its northern end at I-15 Exit 47. Interstate 15 Business runs for exactly through Inkom in northern Bannock County. I-15 Bus. mostly follows Old Highway 91 between Exits 57 and 58, a pair of partial interchanges. Interstate 15 Business spans through Pocatello in northern Bannock County. I-15 Bus. begins at I-15 Exit 67, where", "id": "15434019" }, { "contents": "Interstate 10 in California\n\n\nI-10 down Interstate 5 between the East LA Interchange and the Santa Monica Freeway, negating a section of the San Bernardino Freeway west of I-5. This short section of Route 10 between Route 5 and Route 101, which was formerly defined as Route 110 (signed as Interstate 110) until 1968, is signed overhead for I-10 eastbound and for U.S. 101 westbound. This I-5/I-10 cosigning is consistent with the Federal Highway Administration's Interstate Highway route logs that such an overlap exists for the segment of I-10 in California. I-10 is", "id": "10298840" }, { "contents": "Nevada State Route 425\n\n\ncenter of Verdi, then southeast to its terminus at the I-80 East Verdi interchange (Exit 5). Although designated a state route and an Interstate business route, there are no route shields posted along the highway itself. The I-80 business route extends beyond the end of SR 425. From the highway's western terminus, I-80 Business follows Gold Ranch Road an additional south to end at an I-80 westbound onramp. The highway originally carried State Route 1 and later U.S. Route 40 on its trek west from Reno over Donner Pass towards", "id": "5840323" }, { "contents": "Interstate 516\n\n\ncurrent western terminus of I-516. In 1985, the entire highway from its then-current western terminus at Burnsed Blvd to Montgomery Street was designated as I-516. The freeway portion was extended westward to the interchange with SR 25 (Burnsed Blvd) and eastward to the current eastern terminus. Also US 17/SR 25 and US 80/SR 26 were re-routed along the freeway, from the West Bay Street exit to the Ogeechee Road exit. In 1995, US 17 had a major re-routing through the city", "id": "10860994" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 15\n\n\nState Route 28. Interstate 15 Business is a Business loop of Interstate 15 in Bringham City, and is also concurrent with Business Loop 84. It runs from an interchange at Exit 362 on I-15/84 at first along U.S. Route 91 to the intersection with U.S. Route 89 and UT 13. US 91 continues east along US 89, while BL 15/84 turns left to go north along UT 13 (South Main Street). Further in town, the road serves as the west end of Utah State Route 90. At Forest Street,", "id": "15434015" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 95 in Nevada\n\n\nthe Henderson Spaghetti Bowl (also known as the Hender-Bender) interchange of Interstate 215 and SR 564 and Interstate 515 begins. The freeway then heads west into Downtown Las Vegas, where it intersects Interstate 15. At the Spaghetti Bowl interchange, US 93 follows I-15 northbound and I-515 ends. US 95 heads west, then north at the Rainbow Curve. The freeway portion then ends at Corn Creek Road northwest of the Las Vegas Valley and then it becomes a brief four-lane divided highway. US 95 exits Clark County", "id": "7359006" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 15\n\n\nwhen it turns east onto Alameda Road, which becomes Pocatello Creek Road when it veers northeast to the business route's terminus at I-15 Exit 71. Interstate 15 Business has a length of through Blackfoot in central Bingham County. I-15 Bus. begins at I-15 Exit 89 near the northern end of the Fort Hall Indian Reservation and follows US 91 northeast parallel to the Union Pacific Railroad. The highways cross the Blackfoot River into the city of Blackfoot along Broadway Street. In downtown Blackfoot, the routes veer onto Main Street, then I-15", "id": "15434021" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 50 in Maryland\n\n\neastbound exit. Following this interchange, US 50 passes office parks and industrial development in New Carrollton. The highway reaches a hybrid turbine interchange with I-95/I-495, the Capital Beltway. At the I-95/I-495 interchange, the US 50 freeway becomes part of the Interstate Highway System as I-595, which is an unsigned highway. The road heads east as an ten-lane freeway, with the left lane in each direction designated as a high-occupancy vehicle lane (HOV lane). The freeway passes near residential development and", "id": "21110676" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nloop of Interstate 40 is the third business route of I-40 in Oklahoma. It runs northeast along former US 66 from eastbound exit 32 and turns east after the beginning of an overlap with OK 6 that runs along the route until OK 6 turns south at North Main Street. From there it snakes through the northeastern part of the city and after the intersection with OK 34 finally terminates with I-40 at westbound exit 41. The route begins at a left exit in a wye interchange with Interstate 40, which also serves as a connection", "id": "294180" }, { "contents": "Iowa Highway 330\n\n\nused as a connector between Des Moines and the Waterloo–Cedar Falls area. Iowa 330 begins at an interchange with Interstate 80 (I-80), U.S. Route 6 (US 6), and US 65 in Altoona. The I-80 freeway runs east–west; US 6 comes up from the southwest along Hubbell Avenue and joins eastbound I-80 while US 65 exits eastbound I-80 and turns onto Hubbell heading northeast. For the first of its routing, Iowa 330 shares the same roadway with US 65. The two routes head northeast on", "id": "10381823" }, { "contents": "Interstate 180 (Pennsylvania)\n\n\nat an interchange with U.S. Route 15 and U.S. Route 220. The highway begins its signage, concurrent along these routes. At exit 27A, US 15 leaves the overlap running south across the Carl E. Stotz Memorial Little League Bridge and I-180 continues eastward, still concurrent with US 220 northbound. From there, I-180 runs along the West Branch Susquehanna River until the highway reaches the eastern suburbs of Williamsport, where US 220 leaves the Interstate via exit 15. From US 220 to the eastern terminus, I-180 is aligned north–south", "id": "4494305" }, { "contents": "Interstate 76 (Ohio–New Jersey)\n\n\nJersey. After I-76 reaches its eastern terminus, the freeway continues as Route 42 and the Atlantic City Expressway to Atlantic City. I-76 begins at I-71 at exit 209, east of Lodi, Ohio; U.S. Route 224 (US 224) continues west from the end of I-76. The interchange was previously a double trumpet, but was reconstructed in 2010. Officially, I-76 begins at the beginning of the ramp from I-71 north; it merges with US 224 at mile 0.61. After passing through rural Medina County, I-76 enters Summit", "id": "12185505" }, { "contents": "Interstate 215 (Utah)\n\n\ninterchange features a grade-separated ramp from northbound 2000 East to eastbound I-215. Past this junction, another interchange at Union Park Avenue appears. Another grade-separated ramp from Union Park Avenue is present. The freeway enters Murray as an interchange serving westbound motorists connects to 280 East and State Street (U.S. Route 89, or US-89). Eastbound travelers connect to State Street further west at a separate exit. The road turns northwest for a short time to approach a junction at I-15 (often called the South Interchange).", "id": "9551591" }, { "contents": "List of state routes in Connecticut\n\n\n. Routes are signed state highways and are assigned numbers from 1 to 399 (with the exception of I-684 and I-691). All state, U.S. and Interstate highways are part of the same numbering system. In 1926, the U.S. highway system was implemented. U.S. Routes 1, 5, 6, and 7 were used as designations on several primary state highways, replacing New England routes 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. The other New England routes that were not re-designated as U.S. routes became ordinary", "id": "5492536" }, { "contents": "Interstate 291 (Massachusetts)\n\n\ndirectly through highly populated areas of Springfield, and passes under several overpasses. From its southwestern terminus to exit 5A, Interstate 291 is concurrent with U.S. Route 20. I-291 is only from Interstate 291 in Connecticut, and there are no intervening Interstate Highway interchanges between them. It can be easy for travelers to become confused between the two highways. Interstate 291 begins as a spur of Interstate 91 at Exit 8 in Springfield, concurrent with U.S. 20, which merges from the north. The two entry ramps from I-91 merge with each", "id": "1778230" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 15\n\n\nprovides access to the end of the Sprinter commuter train line. Shortly thereafter, I-15 Business intersects County Route S14, and then interchanges with State Route 78. The interchange is the last interchange on the 78 before its freeway status ends, and there are only ramps for a westbound entrance or eastbound exit. Continuing north, I-15 Business intersects with El Norte Parkway, a major arterial road, before reconnecting with Interstate 15 at I-15 exit 34 near the northern city limits of Escondido. Though the street itself continues northward well on into", "id": "15434009" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 9\n\n\nSaybrook to I-91 in Cromwell is known as the \"Chester Bowles Highway\". The section from I-91 in Cromwell to Exit 24 in Berlin is known as the \"Korean War Veterans Memorial Highway\". The section from Route 72 in New Britain to Route 175 in Newington is known as the \"Taras Shevchenko Expressway\". The section from Route 175 in Newington to the junction with I-84 is known as the \"Iwo Jima Memorial Expressway\". The road connecting Deep River (then known as Saybrook) and Wethersfield along the west", "id": "15881247" }, { "contents": "Colorado State Highway 74\n\n\nthe Evergreen Parkway segment to four lanes and constructing an interchange with I-70. SH 74 begins at an interchange with I-70 in El Rancho. Ramps from I-70 westbound branch off the freeway's exit 252 from the north side and cross the highway southwestward. Access to SH 74 from I-70 eastbound is provided via U.S. Highway 40 (US 40) a slight distance to the west. From I-70, the roadway heads southwesterly through El Rancho, meeting an intersection with US 40 (Swede Gulch Road). The route heads westward before turning", "id": "12873578" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 84\n\n\nsoutheast corner of that intersection, and the contemporary but still traditional Brigham City Utah Temple on the southwest corner. UT 13 ends at the southern terminus of the overlap of US 89/91, and BL-15/84 makes a sharp right turn along southbound US 91, while South Main Street is taken over by southbound US 89. US 91/BL-15/84 runs west along West 1100th Street South. BL-15/84 ends at Exit 362, a diverging diamond interchange with I-15/84, while West 1100th Street South continues into the I-15 frontage road, and becomes a dead", "id": "6061977" }, { "contents": "Interstate 384\n\n\naccess to I-384 is provided through a complex interchange that also provides access from Pleasant Valley Road near Buckland Hills Mall and from I-291. I-384's first exit is for Spencer Street. The eastbound ramp is on the I-384 mainline, while the westbound ramp comes from a split in the I-84 interchange ramp. Just east of the Spencer Street overpass, the ramp from westbound I-84 joins the I-384 mainline and the HOV lane becomes a conventional lane. I-384 continues along the southern part of Manchester. It has one interchange before it intersects Route", "id": "10503365" }, { "contents": "Interstate 78 in New Jersey\n\n\ninto Springfield Township. The freeway passes near First Watchung Mountain before coming to the Route 24 interchange, where suburban development becomes more dense. At Route 24, I-78 divides into local and express lanes, with three express and three local lanes eastbound and two express and three local lanes westbound. In this section of the highway, most access is via the local lanes, though the next exit for Route 124 includes a direct westbound onramp to the express lanes. Before Route 124, I-78 briefly runs east through Millburn in Essex County", "id": "16353906" }, { "contents": "California State Route 237\n\n\n85. Westbound traffic can connect to Route 85 southbound, but the eastbound traffic connection to Route 85 northbound is labeled as an exit for U.S. 101. Route 237 intersects with Highway 101 at the southern corner of Moffett Field. After this intersection, a carpool lane is added, for a total of three lanes in either direction. It remains like this until the east end of the freeway at Interstate 880, where most eastbound traffic is directed to northbound I-880. The route then becomes a city street (an arterial road)", "id": "9003349" }, { "contents": "Massachusetts Route 141\n\n\nas Easthampton Road, crossing roads south of Mount Tom. Crossing through the Rock Valley section of Holyoke, the highway passes south of the Whiting Reservoir and Wyckoff Country Club, entering the Smiths Valley section. Through Smiths Valley, Route 141 runs southeast through a residential neighborhood, reaching a ramp to Interstate 91 southbound (I-91 exit 17). After another turn, the route crosses into a trumpet interchange with I-91 northbound, becoming a one-way couplet through downtown Holyoke. Route 141 eastbound runs along Dwight Street while Route 141", "id": "2532205" }, { "contents": "Interstate 295 (Delaware–Pennsylvania)\n\n\nof Penndel. Following this interchange, the freeway runs south-southeast near suburban residential areas as it heads west of Levittown. I-295 enters Bristol Township and terminates at an interchange with I-95 at I-276 (Pennsylvania Turnpike). At this interchange, I-295 merges into southbound I-95, with access from westbound I-295 to southbound I-95 and from northbound I-95 to eastbound I-295; there are no ramps connecting I-295 and the Pennsylvania Turnpike. In the 1927 New Jersey state highway renumbering, Route 39 was legislated to begin at the Yardley–Wilburtha Bridge", "id": "9627779" }, { "contents": "James River Freeway\n\n\n. The portion of the James River Freeway between I-44 and the interchange with US 60 and Route 413 is designated as Route 360. Other than its endpoints, there is only one interchange on the route: Route MM in Brookline (now part of Republic). Exit markers for the highway mark the road as the James River Freeway and have no control cities, only \"To Route 60\" eastbound and \"To I-44\" westbound. The control cities between US 60 and US 65 are Republic westbound and Rogersville eastbound. At", "id": "6615288" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 6 in Rhode Island\n\n\nturns south on the I-295 collector/distributor roads to the west end of that freeway. The south interchange of US 6 and I-295 has numerous ramp stubs once intended for a western continuation of the Roberts Expressway as Interstate 84. The six-lane Roberts Expressway has interchanges with Route 5, U.S. Route 6A, Route 128, and US 6A again on its way to Olneyville. It crosses from Johnston into Providence just west of the bridge over Route 128. At the second US 6A interchange, the older Olneyville Bypass begins,", "id": "21794194" }, { "contents": "Flatbush Avenue Connector\n\n\nstate proposed the corridor as the Cedar Ridge Connector with no number, leading from its current terminus at I-84 to U.S. 5/Route 15 in Wethersfield. The short expressway planned to include an interchange with a planned but cancelled Route 71 expressway leading to New Britain. Circa 2015, the viaduct carrying the northbound ramp to Eastbound I-84 was removed, and a new alignment adjacent to the southbound off ramp from Westbound I-84 was built. Exit 45 is currently an incomplete interchange, with ramps only for I-84 westbound to SR 504 (left", "id": "5839909" }, { "contents": "Interstate 195 (New Jersey)\n\n\ndesignation west and south, along existing I-95 instead. I-195's western terminus is at a modified cloverleaf interchange with I-295 in Hamilton Township, Mercer County, located southeast of the city of Trenton. From this end, the freeway continues north into Trenton as Route 29. I-195 serves as the southern continuation of Route 29, continuing east from I-295 as a six-lane expressway, passing between suburban neighborhoods to the north and the Crosswicks Creek to the south. After the exit for US 206, the highway narrows to four lanes", "id": "14760197" }, { "contents": "Massachusetts Route 25\n\n\nRoute 25 west mainline onto Route 495 north, with the right-hand lane serving I-195 via Exit 1. From I-195, Route 25 east is accessible via Exit 22A; I-195 terminates at the interchange. Interstate 495 also terminates at its junction with Route 25; the two southbound lanes of I-495 default onto Route 25 east. After the interchange with I-195 and I-495, Route 25 begins to head in a southeastern direction into the town of Wareham as a six-lane freeway. The route passes under Tihonet Road and through Maple", "id": "18239659" }, { "contents": "California State Route 56\n\n\ncompleted in 1995 after several lawsuits filed by the Sierra Club and other community groups. The two ends were not connected until the middle portion of the freeway was completed in 2004. The delay was largely due to funding issues and environmental concerns. Eastbound SR 56 begins as a ramp from the northbound I-5's local bypass lanes. The interchange is not complete; southbound I-5 traffic must exit to Carmel Valley Road before entering SR 56. Westbound traffic on SR 56 merges into the southbound I-5 local bypass lanes, which provide access to", "id": "2729277" }, { "contents": "Utah State Route 161\n\n\nState Route 161 (SR-161) is a long state highway, designated as a rural major connector, completely within Millard County in central Utah. The highway connects Interstate 70 (I-70) to I-15 while providing service to historic Cove Fort. The route was once part of U.S. Route 91 (US-91), but was renumbered to SR-161 in the 1970s, in parallel with the construction of I-70. Located entirely in southeastern Millard County, SR-161 starts at a diamond interchange with the westernmost exit on I-70 before it terminates at I-15.", "id": "14472451" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 in Connecticut\n\n\nbrief concurrency with Route 72 to the New Britain city line. From the Route 72 junction through Farmington, West Hartford, and into Hartford, I-84 has many left-hand exits and entrances and sharp curves, which were built for a planned network of freeways. In Farmington, US 6 joins I-84 once again at exit 38, and both meet the northern end of the Route 9 expressway at a half-used multi-level stack interchange that was originally planned to be part of the mostly-cancelled I-291 Hartford Beltway.", "id": "14727150" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 40\n\n\nan interchange. Route 40 begins from northbound I-91 in North Haven as the Exit 10 off-ramp. The designation runs for along the exit ramp. The expressway then proceeds northwest and is joined by on-ramps from Bailey Road and southbound I-91. The I-91 interchange includes an overpass over the Quinnipiac River and railroad tracks. About past the I-91 interchange, the road crosses over another set of railroad tracks, then has an interchange with U.S. Route 5. Access to and from US 5 is via Dixwell Avenue (SR 717", "id": "15644232" }, { "contents": "Interstate 695 (District of Columbia)\n\n\nsome remaining \"To I-395\" signage can still be found along I-695 westbound. The new signs designate I-695 as extending from the point where I-395 branches off from the Southeast Freeway, with I-695 continuing along the Southeast Freeway and over the new 11th Street Bridge to the interchange with I-295. However, some commentators contend the new signage is confusing and that the Southeast Freeway is often confused with Baltimore's Beltway, a highway with the same route designation. The entire route is in Washington, D.C. Exits were unnumbered until July 2014.", "id": "13815020" }, { "contents": "California State Route 91\n\n\nState Route 91 (SR 91) is a major east–west state highway in the U.S. state of California that serves several regions of the Greater Los Angeles urban area. A freeway throughout its entire length, it officially runs from Vermont Avenue in Gardena, just west of the junction with the Harbor Freeway (Interstate 110, I-110), east to Riverside at the junction with the Pomona (SR 60 west of SR 91) and Moreno Valley (SR 60 and I-215 east of SR 91) freeways. Though signs along", "id": "4945631" }, { "contents": "Tennessee State Route 182\n\n\nState Route 182 (abbreviated SR 182) is a secondary state highway in western Dyer County, Tennessee. This route is primarily rural in nature throughout its length. The first of SR 182 from its southern terminus with SR 104 to Interstate 155 is a modern two-lane facility with a speed limit. I-155 ended at Exit 7 during the 1970s and this section of SR 182 also served as a temporary link to SR 104 for eastbound motorists until the freeway was completed to Exit 15. SR 182 north of I-155 to its", "id": "12693771" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 4 in New Hampshire\n\n\nI-93 southbound, and runs along the freeway until Exit 15E in Concord. At this interchange, US-4 leaves I-93 and joins Interstate 393 and U.S. Route 202 which run eastbound out of the city. The two U.S. routes overlap I-393 to its terminus in the northern corner of Pembroke. I-393 then ends, and US-4/US-202 merge onto Route 9 eastbound through Chichester and into Epsom. The road crosses Route 28 at the Epsom Traffic Circle, then continues east and intersects Route 107, forming a long four-route concurrency into Northwood", "id": "19470164" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 9\n\n\nriver, it passes through the towns of Essex, Deep River, Chester, Haddam, and Middletown). After its junction with Interstate 91 in Cromwell, Route 9 continues westward then northward, running through the Hartford area towns/cities of Berlin, New Britain, Newington, and Farmington. At the junction with I-84/US 6 near the Farmington - West Hartford town line, Route 9 follows the ramps for eastbound I-84 and ends at the merge with I-84 immediately after crossing the town line. Route 9 has a non", "id": "15881245" }, { "contents": "Maryland Route 32\n\n\nCSX line) and several industrial parks in Annapolis Junction. MD 32 continues northwest into Savage, where the highway has a cloverleaf interchange with US 1 (Washington Boulevard) that includes collector-distributor lanes in both directions. North of Savage, the freeway has a partial cloverleaf interchange with I-95 that has a pair of left-exiting ramps from westbound MD 32 to southbound I-95 and from eastbound MD 32 to northbound I-95; because of these left exits, I-95 is configured differently in that its southbound lanes pass under MD 32 and", "id": "8470347" }, { "contents": "Interstate 95 in Massachusetts\n\n\nto eight lanes. Then the highway passes through Newton, then enters Weston and has a large interchange with the Massachusetts Turnpike (I-90) that provides connections to nearby Route 30. There is a fourth lane after the interchange with Route 9. Exits 23, 24, and 25 are one combined exit northbound. I-95 and Route 128 are due west of Boston at this point and begin to turn to the northeast, serving the city of Waltham and the town of Lexington along the way. The freeway has an interchange with Route", "id": "18993893" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 372\n\n\nthe Mattabesset River, intersecting I-91 at Exit 21. It then widens to 4 lanes, and intersects the northern end of Route 217. Farther east, it crosses Route 3 before meeting Route 9 once again at Exit 19. It then turns southeast to at an intersection with Route 99 at the Cromwell town center. Route 72 was established in the 1932 state highway renumbering between Route 66 in Middletown and Route 10 Plainville. By the beginning of 1963, after the implementation of the 1962 Route Reclassification Act, Route 72 was extended", "id": "8495485" }, { "contents": "Interstate 664\n\n\nhas a connection to Portsmouth through Virginia State Route 164 (SR 164) and to Suffolk via U.S. Route 13, US 58, and US 460. I-664 begins at a full Y interchange with I-64 and I-264 that serves as the terminus of all three Interstates in the Bowers Hill section of the city of Chesapeake. I-64 heads southeast as a continuation of the Hampton Roads Beltway through Chesapeake while I-264 heads east toward Portsmouth and Norfolk. I-664 heads west as an eight-lane freeway that has a southbound-only exit ramp to", "id": "13145352" }, { "contents": "Virginia State Route 194\n\n\ncloverleaf interchange with I-64 (Hampton Roads Beltway) that only contains ramps in the northeast and southwest quadrants of the interchange. Northbound SR 194 has an exit ramp to and an entrance ramp from westbound I-64. Southbound SR 194 has an exit ramp to and an entrance ramp from eastbound I-64. The missing connections with I-64 are made via SR 247 to the south and SR 165 (Little Creek Road) to the north of the Interstate. North of SR 165, SR 194 becomes a four-lane divided highway north to its", "id": "19152409" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nalphabetic values to allow for future system expansion. The alphabetic naming suffixes are included as small letters on the bottom of reassurance shields. The Glenrio business spur of Interstate 40 begins at I-40 on exit 0 just east of the New Mexico-Texas state line. The highway runs south from the interchange towards Former route 66, then turns west along that decommissioned route where it terminates at the Texas-New Mexico State Line. The Adrian business loop of Interstate 40 begins at I-40 at exit 22 and runs along Former route 66 to", "id": "294158" }, { "contents": "Vermont Route 103\n\n\nand slightly better road across the Green Mountains to Rutland, it is a direct east–west road intersecting Interstate 91 significantly north of the diagonal 103. Numerous proposals to widen 103 into a two-lane freeway or similar limited-access roadway have failed, even though a substantial power company right of way shadows the road for much of its length. VT 103 begins at U.S. Route 5 in Rockingham just east of Interstate 91 and just north of Bellows Falls. From there, it interchanges with I-91 at exit 6 and proceeds", "id": "13506058" } ]

[ { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\nInterstate 691 (I-691) is a portion of the Interstate Highway System in Connecticut beginning at Interstate 91 in Meriden and ending at Interstate 84 near the Cheshire-Southington town line. It is in length, including of the exit ramp to the merge with westbound I-84. I-691 is also known as the Henry D. Altobello Highway for its entire length. I-691 is the main east–west highway of the city of Meriden. The freeway actually begins in Middlefield as Route 66, technically becoming I-691 at the junction with I-91 (Exit", "id": "767379" }, { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\n11). However, westbound signage indicates I-691 begins at the start of the freeway (just west of Exit 13), while eastbound signage shows I-691 ending at the Route 15 interchange (at eastbound Exit 10 about west of the interchange with I-91). To go from I-91 northbound to I-691 westbound (or from I-691 eastbound to I-91 southbound), one must actually use Route 15. Exit 9 westbound provides access to Route 15 North. West of the I-91/Route 15 interchange, I-691 meets US 5, which provides", "id": "767380" }, { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\n66. The highway was extended west to Exit 4 by 1971. The connection to I-84 was eventually completed in 1987, with the renumbering to I-691 done at the same time. The portion east of I-91 remained as Route 66. Environmental and community groups successfully blocked attempts to extend the freeway east of its present terminus due to potential impacts on the Mt. Higby Reservoir, which provides drinking water for the local area. A compromise was reached in the late 1990s allowing CONNDOT to convert Route 66 from a 2-lane road to 4 lanes", "id": "767383" }, { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\nat Exit 4. It then crosses the Quinnipiac River into Cheshire, where it has an interchange with Route 10, then continues west to end at I-84 at the Southington/Cheshire town line. The highway officially ends as it merges into I-84 West. In the 1940s, the I-691 routing was part of a planned US 6A Expressway from Southington to Willimantic. A section of the expressway (from its Middlefield terminus west to Exit 8) first opened in 1966. By 1968, the US 6A designation was dropped in favor of Route", "id": "767382" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 66\n\n\nRoute 66 is a Connecticut state highway running from Meriden to Windham, serving as an alternate east–west route to US 6 through east-central Connecticut. Route 66 officially begins at I-91 in Meriden as the extension of I-691, which officially ends at its interchange with I-91. This freeway portion runs for about into the town of Middlefield, where it becomes a four lane surface road. In Middlefield, it has junctions with the northern end of Route 147, and the southern end of Route 217. It then enters Middletown", "id": "16691092" }, { "contents": "Interstate 91\n\n\nUS 5 begins at the first of its many interchanges with the freeway. Leaving New Haven, I-91 follows a northeastward trek into North Haven, where it meets the southern end of the Route 40 expressway. It travels through the eastern part of Wallingford before entering the eastern part of the city of Meriden. In Meriden, about halfway between Hartford and New Haven, I-91 sees a complex set of interchanges with the Wilbur Cross Parkway (Route 15), the Route 66 expressway, and its first spur route, I-691. I-691", "id": "8976770" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 15\n\n\nmore northeasterly in North Haven. Major junctions include the Milford Parkway (SR 796), a connector providing access to Interstate 95 and US 1 beginning just east of the Sikorsky Bridge; US 5 in Wallingford; and a complex set of interchanges in Meriden providing access to I-91, I-691, and the Route 66 expressway. The parkway ends about a mile north of I-691 as US 5 joins Route 15 and the road becomes a four-lane divided highway with signalized and at-grade intersections known as the Berlin Turnpike. After", "id": "14881517" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 66\n\n\nthe expressway from US 5 in Meriden to Middlefield (where the current expressway ends) opened to traffic. By 1968, the US 6A designation was removed and split into several routes. The section from I-84 in Southington to US 6 in Columbia was renumbered as Route 66, including the newly opened freeway segment. In 1971, another section of the Route 66 freeway opened from between Route 322 and US 5. In 1987, with the completion of the freeway connection to I-84, the section of Route 66 west of I-91 was", "id": "16691099" }, { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\naccess to Route 15 North for eastbound traffic. Exit 7 provides access to Downtown Meriden. Westbound traffic exits onto State Street Extension, while eastbound traffic enters onto Columbia Street. Exits 6 and 5 provide access to Route 71, as well as access to Westfield Meriden. Exit 6 exits to Lewis Avenue, while Exit 5 exits directly to Route 71. From here, I-691 passes along the north side of Hubbard Park as well as by Castle Craig before it crosses into Southington. It then meets the eastern end of Route 322", "id": "767381" }, { "contents": "Interstate 291 (Connecticut)\n\n\nInterstate 291 (I-291) is a short Interstate Highway in the state of Connecticut that starts at I-91 at its junction with Route 218 in Windsor and ends at I-84 in Manchester. It serves as a northeastern bypass of Hartford. The official length of I-291 is , including of the exit ramp to the merge with eastbound I-84. I-291 is also known as the Vietnam Veterans Memorial Highway for its entire length. I-291 begins at I-91 in Windsor at an interchange that also provides access to and from Route 218. Heading southeast, I-291", "id": "4834367" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 in Connecticut\n\n\ncity of Waterbury, where it intersects the Route 8 expressway and crosses the Naugatuck River on an elevated dual-decked viaduct known locally as The Mixmaster. After passing through Cheshire, I-84 intersects the western end of I-691 at the Cheshire–Southington town line, which is also the New Haven–Hartford county line. I-84 turns more northerly for a stretch to exit 31 (Route 229), which provides access to Lake Compounce Amusement Park and ESPN World Headquarters. The freeway heads more northeasterly to Plainville, where it has a", "id": "14727149" }, { "contents": "Interstate 384\n\n\nInterstate 384 (I-384) is an Interstate Highway located entirely within the state of Connecticut. It runs east to west, going from Interstate 84 in East Hartford to U.S. Route 6/U.S. Route 44 in Bolton. I-384 officially begins at I-84 eastbound Exit 59 at the East Hartford/Manchester town line, as the right 2 lanes of traffic split from the I-84 mainline. The highway can also be accessed from the I-84 eastbound HOV lane, and westbound I-384 traffic can also access the HOV lane on westbound I-84. Westbound I-84", "id": "10503364" }, { "contents": "Special routes of U.S. Route 6\n\n\n6A from Plymouth–Farmington, this became US 6A. This US 6A was subsequently extended through Meriden to Willimantic along modern Route 66. An expressway upgrade was planned for this US 6A. Only a portion of the highway was built and is now I-691. U.S. Route 6A (US 6A) between Coventry and Windham was designated when New England Interstate Route 3 (NE-3) was deleted. The route was swapped with the old US 6 in 1939 and finally deleted in 1942 when US 6A became Route 31. U.S. Route 6A (US", "id": "10795785" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 (Pennsylvania–Massachusetts)\n\n\nNew Milford. Route 6 leaves the interstate at the next exit, and I-84 continues east across the countryside. At Exit 11, it turns to the northeast and descends to cross the Housatonic River on the Rochambeau Bridge, into New Haven County. It then climbs onto higher ground to the city of Waterbury, which it passes on an elevated viaduct with the eastbound and westbound lanes on different levels. Here the CT 8 expressway intersects. The eastern heading continues past Waterbury to Milldale, where Interstate 691 splits off to the east", "id": "12185438" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 120\n\n\nRoute 120 is a state highway in Connecticut, running entirely in the town of Southington. It serves as a more direct connection between the town center of Southington and the city of Meriden. Route 120 begins at an intersection with Route 322 in southeastern Southington, just west of the Meriden city line and about from an interchange with I-691. It heads in a northwest direction, crossing Misery Brook about later, passing by the St. Thomas Cemetery, then intersecting with Route 364 after another . Route 120 ends at an intersection with Route", "id": "21983096" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 322\n\n\nmeets Route 10 at a grade separated intersection. It briefly crosses into Cheshire before crossing the Quinnipiac River and reentering southeastern Southington. It meets the southern end of Route 120 before ending at an interchange with I-691 near the Southington-Meriden town line. The road continues into Meriden as West Main Street. Route 322 was established in 1963, running from Route 69 to then US 6A (Meriden Road) in Wolcott. The year before becoming a signed route, Route 322 was taken over by the state and designated as unsigned SR", "id": "8420887" }, { "contents": "Interstate 91\n\n\n. As such, it is almost always heavily trafficked (especially during rush hour), and maintains at least three lanes in each direction through Connecticut except for a short portion in Hartford at the interchange with I-84 and in Meriden at the interchange with Route 15. The three cities also serve as Connecticut's control points along its length of the Interstate. I-91 begins just east of downtown New Haven at an interchange with I-95 (the Connecticut Turnpike), and Route 34. At the bottom of the ramp for exit 5,", "id": "8976769" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 66\n\n\nIt ran from the Milldale section of Southington, via Meriden and Middletown, to Willimantic. In the 1932 state highway renumbering, old Highway 111 was designated as part of Route 14, which extended from Woodbury to the Rhode Island state line. In 1941, the section of Route 14 from Woodbury to Willimantic was redesignated as US 6A, connecting at US 6 on both ends. In the early 1960s, plans for constructing a US 6A expressway between I-84 in Southington and Willimantic were announced. By 1966, a short portion of", "id": "16691098" }, { "contents": "Interstate 66\n\n\nfrom eastbound I-66 to the West Falls Church Metro station at the Leesburg Pike (Virginia State Route 7) interchange and will provide a new bridge for the W&OD Trail over Lee Highway (Virginia State Route 29). In Washington D.C., I-66 was planned to extend east of its current terminus along the North Leg of the Inner Loop freeway. I-66 would have also met the eastern terminus of a planned Interstate 266 at US 29, and the western terminus of the South Leg Freeway (I-695) at US 50; I-266 would", "id": "9038810" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 10\n\n\n. It then turns north onto Dixwell Avenue, and intersects the Wilbur Cross Parkway (Route 15) at Exit 60. In the center of Hamden, it turns onto Whitney Avenue. Proceeding northward, it encounters the northern end of the Route 40 freeway and the western end of Route 22 . In Cheshire, it meets the eastern end of Route 42, and has a brief triplex with Routes 68 and 70. At the north end of town is a junction with I-691 at Exit 3. It then enters Southington, where", "id": "16098035" }, { "contents": "Interstate 80 in Iowa\n\n\nthe east at the Jordan Creek Parkway exit. The highway adds a third lane eastbound and drops the third lane westbound. Almost to the east is the interchange with I-35, which also marks the beginning of I-235. Eastbound I-80 exits the freeway via a flyover ramp to northbound I-35; eastbound I-235 begins as the continuation of the I-80 freeway. Locally, this exit is called the West Mixmaster. I-80 shares the next with I-35 on a six-lane freeway where each direction's three lanes are separated by a Jersey barrier.", "id": "3837266" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 68\n\n\nto its junction with I-91 at Exit 15. After overpassing I-91 and passing a couple of business parks, Route 68 becomes a 2 lane road once again. It then enters Durham, where it passes the southern end of Route 157 before ending at Route 17 in the center of town. The road connecting Naugatuck and Cheshire was designated in 1922 as State Highway 325. In the 1932 state highway renumbering, former Highway 325 was renumbered to Route 68. The route was later extended east to Middlefield in 1966 along former SR 607", "id": "3645090" }, { "contents": "Interstate 480 (Nebraska–Iowa)\n\n\nLeavenworth neighborhood from the Old Market neighborhood. Shortly after the Leavenworth Street exit is the Harney Street exit, which provides access to U.S. Route 6 from eastbound I-480. before the North Freeway interchange, I-480 passes beneath Dodge and Douglas Streets, which are the westbound and eastbound lanes of U.S. 6, respectively. Just to the southwest of the Creighton University campus is the North Freeway interchange, where US 75 leaves eastbound I-480 and joins westbound. The North Freeway was originally planned to be an Interstate Highway, \"I-580\", connecting", "id": "10317788" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nExit 110 leading to the I-40 frontage road along the eastbound lanes, which suddenly becomes a divided highway named \"Route 66.\" The first intersection is a connecting road to the parts of the interchange with the eastbound on-ramp, as well as the frontage roads along the westbound lanes, leading to the western terminus of the business loop. Shortly after this is the barely paved Carson County Road BB. The divided highway ends just west of TX FM 295 and Carson County Road CC (Western Avenue), and gains", "id": "294168" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 in New York\n\n\n6 and 202 closely parallel I-84 to the north, between the freeway and one of the upper basins of East Branch Reservoir, part of New York City's water supply system. The northern terminus of NY 121 lets eastbound traffic on and westbound traffic off. Two miles (3.2 km) to the east, Signs appear for Saw Mill Road, exit 1 on Connecticut's stretch of I-84, and its ramps leave the highway just a hundred feet (30 m) before the state line. The route of I-84 through the", "id": "995373" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 34\n\n\nLegion Avenue, later becoming South Frontage Road (former Oak Street), while westbound Route 34 uses North Frontage Road. The eastbound section running along Legion Avenue and South Frontage Road (1.03 miles) is town-maintained. The corresponding westbound section along North Frontage Road is officially designated as State Road 706 but is signed as Route 34 West. Route 34 then continues along the Oak Street Connector, a six-lane freeway that connects to I-91 and I-95. The freeway portion has two westbound exits and three eastbound entrances,", "id": "5492586" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nfor BL-40, because south of this intersection is an approach to a westbound on-eastbound off wye interchange with I-40. Immediately after this intersection, BL-40 ends at an eastbound on-westbound off wye interchange with I-40. The Clinton business loop of Interstate 40 is the fourth business route of I-40 in Oklahoma, running from exit 65 to exit 69, although only part of the route runs along former US 66. The route begins at exit 65, which is an eastbound flyover with no re-entry, and a westbound", "id": "294183" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nand maintenance facility, and then leaves the frontage road at the on ramp to eastbound I-40, where it meets its terminus. The frontage roads along both sides of I-40 continue through three more interchanges before crossing the Texas-Oklahoma State Line. The Erick business loop of Interstate 40 is the first business route of I-40 in Oklahoma. It begins on exit 5 (Honeyfarm Drive) and runs south into North 1720th Road until that street ends at a four-lane divided highway known as East 1240th Road (former Route 66)", "id": "294176" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 542\n\n\nRoute 542 (also known as Ferguson Road) is a state road in northern Connecticut. It is contained inside the town of Vernon. It runs from Route 533 to Route 541. Route 542 begins at Route 543 (Tunnel Road) in the central portion of the town of Vernon. It then heads east for about before intersecting with exit 66 on Interstate 84 (I-84}. Only travelers on westbound I-84 can exit onto Route 542, and that travelers on Route 542 can only get onto westbound I-84. About from the", "id": "1160744" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 71\n\n\nas it intersects West Main Street. While southbound traffic may continue from West Main Street onto Cook Avenue, northbound traffic must turn right onto Hanover Street, then left onto South Grove Street, and left onto West Main Street to continue. Once reunited, Route 71 proceeds west on West Main Street before turning north onto Chamberlain Highway. It then crosses I-691 at Exit 5, with access to and from the west. It then crosses into Berlin, passing the eastern end of Route 364 before turning northeast as the Chamberlain Highway becomes", "id": "18857060" }, { "contents": "Interstate 91\n\n\nparallels the river, never more than from its shore. I-91 then enters the Hartford city limits. In Hartford, I-91 it has a set of interchanges with US 5/Route 15 (Wilbur Cross Highway), which provides access from I-91 north to I-84 east, and from I-84 west to I-91 south via the Charter Oak Bridge. I-91 then has an interchange with I-84, where all other movements to and from I-84 take place. Before leaving the city limits, an HOV lane begins that has its own set of interchanges", "id": "8976772" }, { "contents": "Interstate 210 (Louisiana)\n\n\nShip Channel. At the southeastern end of the bridge, the highway meets with exit 3, Prien Lake Road, eastbound. I-210 heads east through Lake Charles, turning 90 degrees at exit 8, LA 14/Gerstner Memorial Drive. The highway then heads north towards its eastern terminus with I-10 just east of Lake Charles. Though portions of the freeway run north-south, the entire route is signed east-west. All of I-210 is included as part of the National Highway System, a system of roadways important to", "id": "2671252" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 95 in California\n\n\nChemehuevi Mountains before entering the city of Needles after several miles. After passing the Needles Municipal Airport, US 95 merges onto I-40 westbound and continues through Needles on the freeway. US 95 exits from I-40 west of Needles and continues northwest to Searchlight Junction, where US 95 continues north at the junction with the old routing of US 66. The highway continues north, east of Homer Mountain, to the Nevada state line. US 95 is part of the California Freeway and Expressway System, and a small portion near I-10 and the", "id": "21402148" }, { "contents": "Interstate 66\n\n\nInterstate 66 (I-66) is an Interstate Highway in the eastern United States. As indicated by its even route number, it runs in an east–west direction. Its current western terminus is near Middletown, Virginia, at an interchange with I-81; its eastern terminus is in Washington, D.C., at an interchange with U.S. Route 29. Because of its terminus in the Shenandoah Valley, the highway was once called the \"Shenandoah Freeway.\" Much of the route parallels U.S. Route 29 or Virginia State Route 55. Interstate", "id": "9038774" }, { "contents": "Interstate 95 in Connecticut\n\n\nof around 150,000 throughout the entire length between the New York state line and the junction with I-91 in New Haven. The Turnpike intersects with several major expressways, namely US 7 at Exit 15 in Norwalk, Route 8 and Route 25 at Exit 27A in Bridgeport (quickest way to I-84 from southwest CT), the Merritt and Wilbur Cross Parkways at Exit 38 (via the Milford Parkway) in Milford, and Interstate 91 at Exit 48 in New Haven. North (east) of I-91, the Turnpike continues along the Connecticut", "id": "5620386" }, { "contents": "Missouri Route 96\n\n\nRoute 96 was redesignated as Route YY west of Route 171 when Kansas deleted the eastern part of K-96. Route 96 begins at a partial interchange with Interstate 44 (I-44) just west of Halltown (there is no access to westbound I-44 or from eastbound I-44). The highway is a two-lane road and is relatively straight all the way to Carthage. Approximately west of I-44 is the western terminus of Route 266. Approximately further west, Route 96 is joined by Historic Route 66. At Albatross, is an intersection", "id": "11824778" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nI-40, and the former segment of US 66 along the north side continues as one of the two I-40 frontage roads. The Amarillo business loop of Interstate 40 begins at I-40 exit 62A just west of Amarillo. The highway was formerly a business route for Route 66, being that highway's only bannered route in Texas. Bus. I-40 D is known locally as Amarillo Boulevard and is the longest buisness route of Interstate 40. Bus. I-40 D begins at Interstate 40 exit 62A just west of Amarillo near Cadillac Ranch. The", "id": "294164" }, { "contents": "Interstate 540 and North Carolina Highway 540\n\n\nto the Western Wake Freeway and future Southern and Eastern Wake Freeways. As of January 2013, the North Carolina state route traverses east–west from I-40, in Durham County to NC 55, in Holly Springs. Initially intended to be signed as an extension of the I-540 loop, the first section of the route bears mile markers and exit numbers for the complete Interstate loop, going from 66 to 69. In Mid-2012, this section of the beltway became part of the Triangle Expressway. No portion of I-540 is tolled.", "id": "6204061" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 229\n\n\nRoute 229 is a state highway in the western Greater Hartford area of the U.S. state of Connecticut. It runs north–south from Interstate 84 in Southington to U.S. Route 6 in Bristol. Along the way, it intersects Route 72 in the Forestville section of Bristol. Route 229 nominally begins at the end of the eastbound Exit 31 off-ramp of I-84 in western Southington, heading northward along West Street. State maintenance and the official southern end of Route 229 actually begins about south of the off-ramp. West Street", "id": "7429975" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nwhich focuses on the roads former status as Route 66. The commercial strip ends after a dirt road named North Tennessee Street. \"Route 66\" splits from East 12th Street at an intersection that's another connecting road to the eastbound off-ramp of Exit 164, the then runs over the overpass above I-40 to turn right at the frontage road along the westbound lanes leading to the western beginning of the business loop. Eastbound Business Interstate Route 40-J narrows down to a two-lane undivided highway before passing by a TxDOT construction", "id": "294175" }, { "contents": "Highway revolts in the United States\n\n\nInterstate 291 beltway west of Interstate 91, the proposed Interstate 484 expressway through the downtown, and the proposed Interstate 284 expressway between East Hartford and South Windsor, and Interstate 491 from Wethersfield to Manchester. After these freeways were cancelled, the State of Connecticut used the funds allocated for their construction to rebuild and expand existing freeways in the Greater Hartford area. In 1992 the Route 9 Expressway was extended north from I-91 in New Britain to Interstate 84 in Farmington, completing what would have been the southwest quadrant of the I-291 beltway;", "id": "256037" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 in Connecticut\n\n\nthe northern end of the Route 15 expressway, it inherits the Wilbur Cross Highway name for the rest of its length. From 1968 until 1984, the I-84 designation ended here, and the highway became I-86 for the rest of its length, as I-84 was once planned to be built east toward Providence, Rhode Island. I-84 intersects one of the remnants of the abandoned project, I-384, as part of a series of complex interchanges in Manchester including the end of the US 6 concurrency at exit 60, and a connection to", "id": "14727152" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nfrontage roads along the westbound lanes leading to the western beginning of the business loop, and an unorthodox roadside attraction known as the Leaning Tower of Texas. Business Interstate Route 40-F ends at the on ramp to eastbound I-40, as does the divided former US 66, which is converted back into the frontage road along the eastbound lanes of I-40. The McLean business loop of Interstate 40 runs from exit 141 to 143. Officially designated as Business Interstate 40-H by the Texas Department of Transportation, it begins at I-40 at an eastbound flyover", "id": "294170" }, { "contents": "Maryland Route 53\n\n\nstate highway then meets its northern terminus at an intersection with US 40 Alternate in La Vale. Access to westbound I-68 is provided a short distance to the east on US 40 Alternate. MD 53 is part of US 220 Truck, which provides access from Interstate 68 (I-68) west of La Vale to southbound US 220 for trucks due to a truck prohibition on the eastbound exit ramp for I-68's interchange with US 220. The state highway is part of the main National Highway System from US 220 to I-68; in addition", "id": "11898711" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 84\n\n\nend street at the truck stop along the aforementioned frontage road. Interstate 84 Business was a business loop of I-84 along in Morgan, Utah. It ran north along Utah State Route 66 at Exit 103 (State Street) to East 600th Street running along the north side of I-84 until the former westbound-off-ramp and eastbound on-ramp that was once westbound Exit 103 until the mid-1990s. Interstate 84 Business was a business loop of I-84 along in Henefer, Utah. It ran southeast along the southwest side of I-84", "id": "6061978" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 5 in Connecticut\n\n\nStreet becomes Broad Street after the intersection with Hall Avenue as it passes by the eastern part of the city, avoiding the downtown area. Past Olive Street, the road becomes divided with a wide grassy median. At the north end of the divided section, it has an intersection with East Main Street, the main east–west business route through the city. About north of East Main Street, US 5 has an interchange with I-691 (at exit 8). At the intersection with Brittania Street, the road becomes North Broad", "id": "5428414" }, { "contents": "Interstate 91\n\n\nthe river can also be easily accessed in this stretch. At exit 19 is the northern terminus of I-93, a major interstate highway in New England, which provides a direct route south through the White Mountains and to almost all major cities in New Hampshire. Just after exit 19, there are three exits for St. Johnsbury, including a major intersection with US 2. Along westbound US 2, the capital of Vermont, Montpelier, is eventually reached from I-91, although I-89 provides Montpelier with immediate Interstate access. I-91 continues northward", "id": "8976783" }, { "contents": "Massachusetts Turnpike\n\n\nand the seventh-longest gap between exits in the entire Interstate Highway System. The highest elevation on the turnpike exists in The Berkshires, reaching above sea level in Becket; this point is also the highest elevation on I-90 east of South Dakota. Beyond the peak elevation and between the exits, an eastbound runaway truck ramp exists in Russell. The turnpike has an interchange with I-91 and US 5 at exit 4 in West Springfield; it passes over the Connecticut River before reaching Route 33 at exit 5 and I-291 at exit 6", "id": "8595595" }, { "contents": "County Route 66 (California)\n\n\ncrossing paths with the freeway again at Fenner, before heading east on Goffs Road to the junction with US 95. Next, CR 66 cosigns along US 95 south to the junction with I-40, where both the US and county routes cosign with I-40 heading east towards Needles. CR 66 exits the freeway at River Road Cutoff, where it immediately turns onto National Trails Highway after exiting. The route follows National Trails Highway to its end on River Road, then begins its southeast journey into downtown Needles. After an interchange with I-40", "id": "21979064" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 (Pennsylvania–Massachusetts)\n\n\n. This section has many left-hand exits and entrances and sharp curves, which were built for a planned network of freeways. I-84 heads northeast towards New Britain and Hartford, the state capital and the largest community along its eastern length. After intersecting Interstate 91, the road crosses the Connecticut River on the Bulkeley Bridge, oldest on the Interstate system, then becomes the Wilbur Cross Highway and continues towards the northeast. The last exit in Connecticut is Exit 74, an exit for Route 171. I-84 crosses the Massachusetts border", "id": "12185439" }, { "contents": "Rhode Island Route 4\n\n\n. After exit 7, Route 4 continues northward as a six-lane expressway, passing farmlands to the west and entering a suburban region of East Greenwich. The highway crosses under an overpass at Middle Road before interchanging with Route 401, the freeway's final spur, at another partial cloverleaf interchange. Exit 8 is also used to access Route 2 and I-95 south, which has no direct freeway connection with Route 4 north. Shortly after exit 8, the Route 4 designation ends and the mainline of the highway defaults onto I-95", "id": "14737226" }, { "contents": "Cromwell, Connecticut\n\n\nis land and (4.03%) is water. A major north/south highway, Interstate 91, with two Cromwell exits, runs through the Town. The Central Connecticut Expressway (Route 9), opened at the end of 1989, enhances the Town's location as it connects I-95 in Old Saybrook, I-91 in Cromwell and I-84, the State's major east/west highway in New Britain. As of the census of 2010, there were 14,005 people, 5,212 households, and 3,262 families residing in the town.", "id": "17977773" }, { "contents": "Interstate 190 (South Dakota)\n\n\n16 westbound goes east on Omaha Street and eastbound runs north concurrently with I-190. I-190 then becomes a freeway, with an exit to North Street. I-190 then passes under Anamosa Street before an on-ramp from the northbound lanes of West Boulevard. Both US 16 and I-190 then terminate at a trumpet interchange with I-90/US 14/SD 79. Legally, the route of I-190 is defined at South Dakota Codified Laws § 31-4-203. I-190 was opened in 1962 to connect Rapid City to the recently completed", "id": "2672231" }, { "contents": "Interstate 210 and State Route 210 (California)\n\n\nfor the interchange between State Route 57 and the Foothill Freeway, Interstate 210. The \"curve\" portion refers to the interchange from the northbound lanes of State Route 57 to the westbound lanes of I-210, and from the eastbound lanes of I-210 to the southbound lanes of State Route 57. The origin of the name comes from its location in the city of Glendora. Prior to 2002, this interchange was entirely part of I-210, and the eastern terminus of I-210 ended several miles south of the curve at the Kellogg Interchange at", "id": "2671217" }, { "contents": "Interstate 78 in New Jersey\n\n\nEntering more commercial areas, Route 173 merges onto I-78/US 22 at exit 13. At exit 15, the highway interchanges with CR 513, and Route 173 splits from I-78/US 22 by heading north on CR 513. At this point, the freeway enters Franklin Township briefly at exit 15 and then enters Clinton where it crosses the South Branch Raritan River. I-78/US 22 turns northeast and leaves Clinton for Clinton Township, where it has an eastbound exit and westbound entrance for Route 173 that also provides access to", "id": "16353900" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 15\n\n\nlimits, the business route veers onto Center Street and follows that through the center of town. At the north end of the city, I-15 Bus. turns west and runs concurrently with US 30 to its northern end at I-15 Exit 47. Interstate 15 Business runs for exactly through Inkom in northern Bannock County. I-15 Bus. mostly follows Old Highway 91 between Exits 57 and 58, a pair of partial interchanges. Interstate 15 Business spans through Pocatello in northern Bannock County. I-15 Bus. begins at I-15 Exit 67, where", "id": "15434019" }, { "contents": "Interstate 10 in California\n\n\nI-10 down Interstate 5 between the East LA Interchange and the Santa Monica Freeway, negating a section of the San Bernardino Freeway west of I-5. This short section of Route 10 between Route 5 and Route 101, which was formerly defined as Route 110 (signed as Interstate 110) until 1968, is signed overhead for I-10 eastbound and for U.S. 101 westbound. This I-5/I-10 cosigning is consistent with the Federal Highway Administration's Interstate Highway route logs that such an overlap exists for the segment of I-10 in California. I-10 is", "id": "10298840" }, { "contents": "Nevada State Route 425\n\n\ncenter of Verdi, then southeast to its terminus at the I-80 East Verdi interchange (Exit 5). Although designated a state route and an Interstate business route, there are no route shields posted along the highway itself. The I-80 business route extends beyond the end of SR 425. From the highway's western terminus, I-80 Business follows Gold Ranch Road an additional south to end at an I-80 westbound onramp. The highway originally carried State Route 1 and later U.S. Route 40 on its trek west from Reno over Donner Pass towards", "id": "5840323" }, { "contents": "Interstate 516\n\n\ncurrent western terminus of I-516. In 1985, the entire highway from its then-current western terminus at Burnsed Blvd to Montgomery Street was designated as I-516. The freeway portion was extended westward to the interchange with SR 25 (Burnsed Blvd) and eastward to the current eastern terminus. Also US 17/SR 25 and US 80/SR 26 were re-routed along the freeway, from the West Bay Street exit to the Ogeechee Road exit. In 1995, US 17 had a major re-routing through the city", "id": "10860994" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 15\n\n\nState Route 28. Interstate 15 Business is a Business loop of Interstate 15 in Bringham City, and is also concurrent with Business Loop 84. It runs from an interchange at Exit 362 on I-15/84 at first along U.S. Route 91 to the intersection with U.S. Route 89 and UT 13. US 91 continues east along US 89, while BL 15/84 turns left to go north along UT 13 (South Main Street). Further in town, the road serves as the west end of Utah State Route 90. At Forest Street,", "id": "15434015" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 95 in Nevada\n\n\nthe Henderson Spaghetti Bowl (also known as the Hender-Bender) interchange of Interstate 215 and SR 564 and Interstate 515 begins. The freeway then heads west into Downtown Las Vegas, where it intersects Interstate 15. At the Spaghetti Bowl interchange, US 93 follows I-15 northbound and I-515 ends. US 95 heads west, then north at the Rainbow Curve. The freeway portion then ends at Corn Creek Road northwest of the Las Vegas Valley and then it becomes a brief four-lane divided highway. US 95 exits Clark County", "id": "7359006" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 15\n\n\nwhen it turns east onto Alameda Road, which becomes Pocatello Creek Road when it veers northeast to the business route's terminus at I-15 Exit 71. Interstate 15 Business has a length of through Blackfoot in central Bingham County. I-15 Bus. begins at I-15 Exit 89 near the northern end of the Fort Hall Indian Reservation and follows US 91 northeast parallel to the Union Pacific Railroad. The highways cross the Blackfoot River into the city of Blackfoot along Broadway Street. In downtown Blackfoot, the routes veer onto Main Street, then I-15", "id": "15434021" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 50 in Maryland\n\n\neastbound exit. Following this interchange, US 50 passes office parks and industrial development in New Carrollton. The highway reaches a hybrid turbine interchange with I-95/I-495, the Capital Beltway. At the I-95/I-495 interchange, the US 50 freeway becomes part of the Interstate Highway System as I-595, which is an unsigned highway. The road heads east as an ten-lane freeway, with the left lane in each direction designated as a high-occupancy vehicle lane (HOV lane). The freeway passes near residential development and", "id": "21110676" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nloop of Interstate 40 is the third business route of I-40 in Oklahoma. It runs northeast along former US 66 from eastbound exit 32 and turns east after the beginning of an overlap with OK 6 that runs along the route until OK 6 turns south at North Main Street. From there it snakes through the northeastern part of the city and after the intersection with OK 34 finally terminates with I-40 at westbound exit 41. The route begins at a left exit in a wye interchange with Interstate 40, which also serves as a connection", "id": "294180" }, { "contents": "Iowa Highway 330\n\n\nused as a connector between Des Moines and the Waterloo–Cedar Falls area. Iowa 330 begins at an interchange with Interstate 80 (I-80), U.S. Route 6 (US 6), and US 65 in Altoona. The I-80 freeway runs east–west; US 6 comes up from the southwest along Hubbell Avenue and joins eastbound I-80 while US 65 exits eastbound I-80 and turns onto Hubbell heading northeast. For the first of its routing, Iowa 330 shares the same roadway with US 65. The two routes head northeast on", "id": "10381823" }, { "contents": "Interstate 180 (Pennsylvania)\n\n\nat an interchange with U.S. Route 15 and U.S. Route 220. The highway begins its signage, concurrent along these routes. At exit 27A, US 15 leaves the overlap running south across the Carl E. Stotz Memorial Little League Bridge and I-180 continues eastward, still concurrent with US 220 northbound. From there, I-180 runs along the West Branch Susquehanna River until the highway reaches the eastern suburbs of Williamsport, where US 220 leaves the Interstate via exit 15. From US 220 to the eastern terminus, I-180 is aligned north–south", "id": "4494305" }, { "contents": "Interstate 76 (Ohio–New Jersey)\n\n\nJersey. After I-76 reaches its eastern terminus, the freeway continues as Route 42 and the Atlantic City Expressway to Atlantic City. I-76 begins at I-71 at exit 209, east of Lodi, Ohio; U.S. Route 224 (US 224) continues west from the end of I-76. The interchange was previously a double trumpet, but was reconstructed in 2010. Officially, I-76 begins at the beginning of the ramp from I-71 north; it merges with US 224 at mile 0.61. After passing through rural Medina County, I-76 enters Summit", "id": "12185505" }, { "contents": "Interstate 215 (Utah)\n\n\ninterchange features a grade-separated ramp from northbound 2000 East to eastbound I-215. Past this junction, another interchange at Union Park Avenue appears. Another grade-separated ramp from Union Park Avenue is present. The freeway enters Murray as an interchange serving westbound motorists connects to 280 East and State Street (U.S. Route 89, or US-89). Eastbound travelers connect to State Street further west at a separate exit. The road turns northwest for a short time to approach a junction at I-15 (often called the South Interchange).", "id": "9551591" }, { "contents": "List of state routes in Connecticut\n\n\n. Routes are signed state highways and are assigned numbers from 1 to 399 (with the exception of I-684 and I-691). All state, U.S. and Interstate highways are part of the same numbering system. In 1926, the U.S. highway system was implemented. U.S. Routes 1, 5, 6, and 7 were used as designations on several primary state highways, replacing New England routes 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. The other New England routes that were not re-designated as U.S. routes became ordinary", "id": "5492536" }, { "contents": "Interstate 291 (Massachusetts)\n\n\ndirectly through highly populated areas of Springfield, and passes under several overpasses. From its southwestern terminus to exit 5A, Interstate 291 is concurrent with U.S. Route 20. I-291 is only from Interstate 291 in Connecticut, and there are no intervening Interstate Highway interchanges between them. It can be easy for travelers to become confused between the two highways. Interstate 291 begins as a spur of Interstate 91 at Exit 8 in Springfield, concurrent with U.S. 20, which merges from the north. The two entry ramps from I-91 merge with each", "id": "1778230" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 15\n\n\nprovides access to the end of the Sprinter commuter train line. Shortly thereafter, I-15 Business intersects County Route S14, and then interchanges with State Route 78. The interchange is the last interchange on the 78 before its freeway status ends, and there are only ramps for a westbound entrance or eastbound exit. Continuing north, I-15 Business intersects with El Norte Parkway, a major arterial road, before reconnecting with Interstate 15 at I-15 exit 34 near the northern city limits of Escondido. Though the street itself continues northward well on into", "id": "15434009" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 9\n\n\nSaybrook to I-91 in Cromwell is known as the \"Chester Bowles Highway\". The section from I-91 in Cromwell to Exit 24 in Berlin is known as the \"Korean War Veterans Memorial Highway\". The section from Route 72 in New Britain to Route 175 in Newington is known as the \"Taras Shevchenko Expressway\". The section from Route 175 in Newington to the junction with I-84 is known as the \"Iwo Jima Memorial Expressway\". The road connecting Deep River (then known as Saybrook) and Wethersfield along the west", "id": "15881247" }, { "contents": "Colorado State Highway 74\n\n\nthe Evergreen Parkway segment to four lanes and constructing an interchange with I-70. SH 74 begins at an interchange with I-70 in El Rancho. Ramps from I-70 westbound branch off the freeway's exit 252 from the north side and cross the highway southwestward. Access to SH 74 from I-70 eastbound is provided via U.S. Highway 40 (US 40) a slight distance to the west. From I-70, the roadway heads southwesterly through El Rancho, meeting an intersection with US 40 (Swede Gulch Road). The route heads westward before turning", "id": "12873578" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 84\n\n\nsoutheast corner of that intersection, and the contemporary but still traditional Brigham City Utah Temple on the southwest corner. UT 13 ends at the southern terminus of the overlap of US 89/91, and BL-15/84 makes a sharp right turn along southbound US 91, while South Main Street is taken over by southbound US 89. US 91/BL-15/84 runs west along West 1100th Street South. BL-15/84 ends at Exit 362, a diverging diamond interchange with I-15/84, while West 1100th Street South continues into the I-15 frontage road, and becomes a dead", "id": "6061977" }, { "contents": "Interstate 384\n\n\naccess to I-384 is provided through a complex interchange that also provides access from Pleasant Valley Road near Buckland Hills Mall and from I-291. I-384's first exit is for Spencer Street. The eastbound ramp is on the I-384 mainline, while the westbound ramp comes from a split in the I-84 interchange ramp. Just east of the Spencer Street overpass, the ramp from westbound I-84 joins the I-384 mainline and the HOV lane becomes a conventional lane. I-384 continues along the southern part of Manchester. It has one interchange before it intersects Route", "id": "10503365" }, { "contents": "Interstate 78 in New Jersey\n\n\ninto Springfield Township. The freeway passes near First Watchung Mountain before coming to the Route 24 interchange, where suburban development becomes more dense. At Route 24, I-78 divides into local and express lanes, with three express and three local lanes eastbound and two express and three local lanes westbound. In this section of the highway, most access is via the local lanes, though the next exit for Route 124 includes a direct westbound onramp to the express lanes. Before Route 124, I-78 briefly runs east through Millburn in Essex County", "id": "16353906" }, { "contents": "California State Route 237\n\n\n85. Westbound traffic can connect to Route 85 southbound, but the eastbound traffic connection to Route 85 northbound is labeled as an exit for U.S. 101. Route 237 intersects with Highway 101 at the southern corner of Moffett Field. After this intersection, a carpool lane is added, for a total of three lanes in either direction. It remains like this until the east end of the freeway at Interstate 880, where most eastbound traffic is directed to northbound I-880. The route then becomes a city street (an arterial road)", "id": "9003349" }, { "contents": "Massachusetts Route 141\n\n\nas Easthampton Road, crossing roads south of Mount Tom. Crossing through the Rock Valley section of Holyoke, the highway passes south of the Whiting Reservoir and Wyckoff Country Club, entering the Smiths Valley section. Through Smiths Valley, Route 141 runs southeast through a residential neighborhood, reaching a ramp to Interstate 91 southbound (I-91 exit 17). After another turn, the route crosses into a trumpet interchange with I-91 northbound, becoming a one-way couplet through downtown Holyoke. Route 141 eastbound runs along Dwight Street while Route 141", "id": "2532205" }, { "contents": "Interstate 295 (Delaware–Pennsylvania)\n\n\nof Penndel. Following this interchange, the freeway runs south-southeast near suburban residential areas as it heads west of Levittown. I-295 enters Bristol Township and terminates at an interchange with I-95 at I-276 (Pennsylvania Turnpike). At this interchange, I-295 merges into southbound I-95, with access from westbound I-295 to southbound I-95 and from northbound I-95 to eastbound I-295; there are no ramps connecting I-295 and the Pennsylvania Turnpike. In the 1927 New Jersey state highway renumbering, Route 39 was legislated to begin at the Yardley–Wilburtha Bridge", "id": "9627779" }, { "contents": "James River Freeway\n\n\n. The portion of the James River Freeway between I-44 and the interchange with US 60 and Route 413 is designated as Route 360. Other than its endpoints, there is only one interchange on the route: Route MM in Brookline (now part of Republic). Exit markers for the highway mark the road as the James River Freeway and have no control cities, only \"To Route 60\" eastbound and \"To I-44\" westbound. The control cities between US 60 and US 65 are Republic westbound and Rogersville eastbound. At", "id": "6615288" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 6 in Rhode Island\n\n\nturns south on the I-295 collector/distributor roads to the west end of that freeway. The south interchange of US 6 and I-295 has numerous ramp stubs once intended for a western continuation of the Roberts Expressway as Interstate 84. The six-lane Roberts Expressway has interchanges with Route 5, U.S. Route 6A, Route 128, and US 6A again on its way to Olneyville. It crosses from Johnston into Providence just west of the bridge over Route 128. At the second US 6A interchange, the older Olneyville Bypass begins,", "id": "21794194" }, { "contents": "Flatbush Avenue Connector\n\n\nstate proposed the corridor as the Cedar Ridge Connector with no number, leading from its current terminus at I-84 to U.S. 5/Route 15 in Wethersfield. The short expressway planned to include an interchange with a planned but cancelled Route 71 expressway leading to New Britain. Circa 2015, the viaduct carrying the northbound ramp to Eastbound I-84 was removed, and a new alignment adjacent to the southbound off ramp from Westbound I-84 was built. Exit 45 is currently an incomplete interchange, with ramps only for I-84 westbound to SR 504 (left", "id": "5839909" }, { "contents": "Interstate 195 (New Jersey)\n\n\ndesignation west and south, along existing I-95 instead. I-195's western terminus is at a modified cloverleaf interchange with I-295 in Hamilton Township, Mercer County, located southeast of the city of Trenton. From this end, the freeway continues north into Trenton as Route 29. I-195 serves as the southern continuation of Route 29, continuing east from I-295 as a six-lane expressway, passing between suburban neighborhoods to the north and the Crosswicks Creek to the south. After the exit for US 206, the highway narrows to four lanes", "id": "14760197" }, { "contents": "Massachusetts Route 25\n\n\nRoute 25 west mainline onto Route 495 north, with the right-hand lane serving I-195 via Exit 1. From I-195, Route 25 east is accessible via Exit 22A; I-195 terminates at the interchange. Interstate 495 also terminates at its junction with Route 25; the two southbound lanes of I-495 default onto Route 25 east. After the interchange with I-195 and I-495, Route 25 begins to head in a southeastern direction into the town of Wareham as a six-lane freeway. The route passes under Tihonet Road and through Maple", "id": "18239659" }, { "contents": "California State Route 56\n\n\ncompleted in 1995 after several lawsuits filed by the Sierra Club and other community groups. The two ends were not connected until the middle portion of the freeway was completed in 2004. The delay was largely due to funding issues and environmental concerns. Eastbound SR 56 begins as a ramp from the northbound I-5's local bypass lanes. The interchange is not complete; southbound I-5 traffic must exit to Carmel Valley Road before entering SR 56. Westbound traffic on SR 56 merges into the southbound I-5 local bypass lanes, which provide access to", "id": "2729277" }, { "contents": "Utah State Route 161\n\n\nState Route 161 (SR-161) is a long state highway, designated as a rural major connector, completely within Millard County in central Utah. The highway connects Interstate 70 (I-70) to I-15 while providing service to historic Cove Fort. The route was once part of U.S. Route 91 (US-91), but was renumbered to SR-161 in the 1970s, in parallel with the construction of I-70. Located entirely in southeastern Millard County, SR-161 starts at a diamond interchange with the westernmost exit on I-70 before it terminates at I-15.", "id": "14472451" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 in Connecticut\n\n\nbrief concurrency with Route 72 to the New Britain city line. From the Route 72 junction through Farmington, West Hartford, and into Hartford, I-84 has many left-hand exits and entrances and sharp curves, which were built for a planned network of freeways. In Farmington, US 6 joins I-84 once again at exit 38, and both meet the northern end of the Route 9 expressway at a half-used multi-level stack interchange that was originally planned to be part of the mostly-cancelled I-291 Hartford Beltway.", "id": "14727150" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 40\n\n\nan interchange. Route 40 begins from northbound I-91 in North Haven as the Exit 10 off-ramp. The designation runs for along the exit ramp. The expressway then proceeds northwest and is joined by on-ramps from Bailey Road and southbound I-91. The I-91 interchange includes an overpass over the Quinnipiac River and railroad tracks. About past the I-91 interchange, the road crosses over another set of railroad tracks, then has an interchange with U.S. Route 5. Access to and from US 5 is via Dixwell Avenue (SR 717", "id": "15644232" }, { "contents": "Interstate 695 (District of Columbia)\n\n\nsome remaining \"To I-395\" signage can still be found along I-695 westbound. The new signs designate I-695 as extending from the point where I-395 branches off from the Southeast Freeway, with I-695 continuing along the Southeast Freeway and over the new 11th Street Bridge to the interchange with I-295. However, some commentators contend the new signage is confusing and that the Southeast Freeway is often confused with Baltimore's Beltway, a highway with the same route designation. The entire route is in Washington, D.C. Exits were unnumbered until July 2014.", "id": "13815020" }, { "contents": "California State Route 91\n\n\nState Route 91 (SR 91) is a major east–west state highway in the U.S. state of California that serves several regions of the Greater Los Angeles urban area. A freeway throughout its entire length, it officially runs from Vermont Avenue in Gardena, just west of the junction with the Harbor Freeway (Interstate 110, I-110), east to Riverside at the junction with the Pomona (SR 60 west of SR 91) and Moreno Valley (SR 60 and I-215 east of SR 91) freeways. Though signs along", "id": "4945631" }, { "contents": "Tennessee State Route 182\n\n\nState Route 182 (abbreviated SR 182) is a secondary state highway in western Dyer County, Tennessee. This route is primarily rural in nature throughout its length. The first of SR 182 from its southern terminus with SR 104 to Interstate 155 is a modern two-lane facility with a speed limit. I-155 ended at Exit 7 during the 1970s and this section of SR 182 also served as a temporary link to SR 104 for eastbound motorists until the freeway was completed to Exit 15. SR 182 north of I-155 to its", "id": "12693771" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 4 in New Hampshire\n\n\nI-93 southbound, and runs along the freeway until Exit 15E in Concord. At this interchange, US-4 leaves I-93 and joins Interstate 393 and U.S. Route 202 which run eastbound out of the city. The two U.S. routes overlap I-393 to its terminus in the northern corner of Pembroke. I-393 then ends, and US-4/US-202 merge onto Route 9 eastbound through Chichester and into Epsom. The road crosses Route 28 at the Epsom Traffic Circle, then continues east and intersects Route 107, forming a long four-route concurrency into Northwood", "id": "19470164" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 9\n\n\nriver, it passes through the towns of Essex, Deep River, Chester, Haddam, and Middletown). After its junction with Interstate 91 in Cromwell, Route 9 continues westward then northward, running through the Hartford area towns/cities of Berlin, New Britain, Newington, and Farmington. At the junction with I-84/US 6 near the Farmington - West Hartford town line, Route 9 follows the ramps for eastbound I-84 and ends at the merge with I-84 immediately after crossing the town line. Route 9 has a non", "id": "15881245" }, { "contents": "Maryland Route 32\n\n\nCSX line) and several industrial parks in Annapolis Junction. MD 32 continues northwest into Savage, where the highway has a cloverleaf interchange with US 1 (Washington Boulevard) that includes collector-distributor lanes in both directions. North of Savage, the freeway has a partial cloverleaf interchange with I-95 that has a pair of left-exiting ramps from westbound MD 32 to southbound I-95 and from eastbound MD 32 to northbound I-95; because of these left exits, I-95 is configured differently in that its southbound lanes pass under MD 32 and", "id": "8470347" }, { "contents": "Interstate 95 in Massachusetts\n\n\nto eight lanes. Then the highway passes through Newton, then enters Weston and has a large interchange with the Massachusetts Turnpike (I-90) that provides connections to nearby Route 30. There is a fourth lane after the interchange with Route 9. Exits 23, 24, and 25 are one combined exit northbound. I-95 and Route 128 are due west of Boston at this point and begin to turn to the northeast, serving the city of Waltham and the town of Lexington along the way. The freeway has an interchange with Route", "id": "18993893" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 372\n\n\nthe Mattabesset River, intersecting I-91 at Exit 21. It then widens to 4 lanes, and intersects the northern end of Route 217. Farther east, it crosses Route 3 before meeting Route 9 once again at Exit 19. It then turns southeast to at an intersection with Route 99 at the Cromwell town center. Route 72 was established in the 1932 state highway renumbering between Route 66 in Middletown and Route 10 Plainville. By the beginning of 1963, after the implementation of the 1962 Route Reclassification Act, Route 72 was extended", "id": "8495485" }, { "contents": "Interstate 664\n\n\nhas a connection to Portsmouth through Virginia State Route 164 (SR 164) and to Suffolk via U.S. Route 13, US 58, and US 460. I-664 begins at a full Y interchange with I-64 and I-264 that serves as the terminus of all three Interstates in the Bowers Hill section of the city of Chesapeake. I-64 heads southeast as a continuation of the Hampton Roads Beltway through Chesapeake while I-264 heads east toward Portsmouth and Norfolk. I-664 heads west as an eight-lane freeway that has a southbound-only exit ramp to", "id": "13145352" }, { "contents": "Virginia State Route 194\n\n\ncloverleaf interchange with I-64 (Hampton Roads Beltway) that only contains ramps in the northeast and southwest quadrants of the interchange. Northbound SR 194 has an exit ramp to and an entrance ramp from westbound I-64. Southbound SR 194 has an exit ramp to and an entrance ramp from eastbound I-64. The missing connections with I-64 are made via SR 247 to the south and SR 165 (Little Creek Road) to the north of the Interstate. North of SR 165, SR 194 becomes a four-lane divided highway north to its", "id": "19152409" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nalphabetic values to allow for future system expansion. The alphabetic naming suffixes are included as small letters on the bottom of reassurance shields. The Glenrio business spur of Interstate 40 begins at I-40 on exit 0 just east of the New Mexico-Texas state line. The highway runs south from the interchange towards Former route 66, then turns west along that decommissioned route where it terminates at the Texas-New Mexico State Line. The Adrian business loop of Interstate 40 begins at I-40 at exit 22 and runs along Former route 66 to", "id": "294158" }, { "contents": "Vermont Route 103\n\n\nand slightly better road across the Green Mountains to Rutland, it is a direct east–west road intersecting Interstate 91 significantly north of the diagonal 103. Numerous proposals to widen 103 into a two-lane freeway or similar limited-access roadway have failed, even though a substantial power company right of way shadows the road for much of its length. VT 103 begins at U.S. Route 5 in Rockingham just east of Interstate 91 and just north of Bellows Falls. From there, it interchanges with I-91 at exit 6 and proceeds", "id": "13506058" } ]

[ { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\nInterstate 691 (I-691) is a portion of the Interstate Highway System in Connecticut beginning at Interstate 91 in Meriden and ending at Interstate 84 near the Cheshire-Southington town line. It is in length, including of the exit ramp to the merge with westbound I-84. I-691 is also known as the Henry D. Altobello Highway for its entire length. I-691 is the main east–west highway of the city of Meriden. The freeway actually begins in Middlefield as Route 66, technically becoming I-691 at the junction with I-91 (Exit", "id": "767379" }, { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\n11). However, westbound signage indicates I-691 begins at the start of the freeway (just west of Exit 13), while eastbound signage shows I-691 ending at the Route 15 interchange (at eastbound Exit 10 about west of the interchange with I-91). To go from I-91 northbound to I-691 westbound (or from I-691 eastbound to I-91 southbound), one must actually use Route 15. Exit 9 westbound provides access to Route 15 North. West of the I-91/Route 15 interchange, I-691 meets US 5, which provides", "id": "767380" }, { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\n66. The highway was extended west to Exit 4 by 1971. The connection to I-84 was eventually completed in 1987, with the renumbering to I-691 done at the same time. The portion east of I-91 remained as Route 66. Environmental and community groups successfully blocked attempts to extend the freeway east of its present terminus due to potential impacts on the Mt. Higby Reservoir, which provides drinking water for the local area. A compromise was reached in the late 1990s allowing CONNDOT to convert Route 66 from a 2-lane road to 4 lanes", "id": "767383" }, { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\nat Exit 4. It then crosses the Quinnipiac River into Cheshire, where it has an interchange with Route 10, then continues west to end at I-84 at the Southington/Cheshire town line. The highway officially ends as it merges into I-84 West. In the 1940s, the I-691 routing was part of a planned US 6A Expressway from Southington to Willimantic. A section of the expressway (from its Middlefield terminus west to Exit 8) first opened in 1966. By 1968, the US 6A designation was dropped in favor of Route", "id": "767382" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 66\n\n\nRoute 66 is a Connecticut state highway running from Meriden to Windham, serving as an alternate east–west route to US 6 through east-central Connecticut. Route 66 officially begins at I-91 in Meriden as the extension of I-691, which officially ends at its interchange with I-91. This freeway portion runs for about into the town of Middlefield, where it becomes a four lane surface road. In Middlefield, it has junctions with the northern end of Route 147, and the southern end of Route 217. It then enters Middletown", "id": "16691092" }, { "contents": "Interstate 91\n\n\nUS 5 begins at the first of its many interchanges with the freeway. Leaving New Haven, I-91 follows a northeastward trek into North Haven, where it meets the southern end of the Route 40 expressway. It travels through the eastern part of Wallingford before entering the eastern part of the city of Meriden. In Meriden, about halfway between Hartford and New Haven, I-91 sees a complex set of interchanges with the Wilbur Cross Parkway (Route 15), the Route 66 expressway, and its first spur route, I-691. I-691", "id": "8976770" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 15\n\n\nmore northeasterly in North Haven. Major junctions include the Milford Parkway (SR 796), a connector providing access to Interstate 95 and US 1 beginning just east of the Sikorsky Bridge; US 5 in Wallingford; and a complex set of interchanges in Meriden providing access to I-91, I-691, and the Route 66 expressway. The parkway ends about a mile north of I-691 as US 5 joins Route 15 and the road becomes a four-lane divided highway with signalized and at-grade intersections known as the Berlin Turnpike. After", "id": "14881517" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 66\n\n\nthe expressway from US 5 in Meriden to Middlefield (where the current expressway ends) opened to traffic. By 1968, the US 6A designation was removed and split into several routes. The section from I-84 in Southington to US 6 in Columbia was renumbered as Route 66, including the newly opened freeway segment. In 1971, another section of the Route 66 freeway opened from between Route 322 and US 5. In 1987, with the completion of the freeway connection to I-84, the section of Route 66 west of I-91 was", "id": "16691099" }, { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\naccess to Route 15 North for eastbound traffic. Exit 7 provides access to Downtown Meriden. Westbound traffic exits onto State Street Extension, while eastbound traffic enters onto Columbia Street. Exits 6 and 5 provide access to Route 71, as well as access to Westfield Meriden. Exit 6 exits to Lewis Avenue, while Exit 5 exits directly to Route 71. From here, I-691 passes along the north side of Hubbard Park as well as by Castle Craig before it crosses into Southington. It then meets the eastern end of Route 322", "id": "767381" }, { "contents": "Interstate 291 (Connecticut)\n\n\nInterstate 291 (I-291) is a short Interstate Highway in the state of Connecticut that starts at I-91 at its junction with Route 218 in Windsor and ends at I-84 in Manchester. It serves as a northeastern bypass of Hartford. The official length of I-291 is , including of the exit ramp to the merge with eastbound I-84. I-291 is also known as the Vietnam Veterans Memorial Highway for its entire length. I-291 begins at I-91 in Windsor at an interchange that also provides access to and from Route 218. Heading southeast, I-291", "id": "4834367" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 in Connecticut\n\n\ncity of Waterbury, where it intersects the Route 8 expressway and crosses the Naugatuck River on an elevated dual-decked viaduct known locally as The Mixmaster. After passing through Cheshire, I-84 intersects the western end of I-691 at the Cheshire–Southington town line, which is also the New Haven–Hartford county line. I-84 turns more northerly for a stretch to exit 31 (Route 229), which provides access to Lake Compounce Amusement Park and ESPN World Headquarters. The freeway heads more northeasterly to Plainville, where it has a", "id": "14727149" }, { "contents": "Interstate 384\n\n\nInterstate 384 (I-384) is an Interstate Highway located entirely within the state of Connecticut. It runs east to west, going from Interstate 84 in East Hartford to U.S. Route 6/U.S. Route 44 in Bolton. I-384 officially begins at I-84 eastbound Exit 59 at the East Hartford/Manchester town line, as the right 2 lanes of traffic split from the I-84 mainline. The highway can also be accessed from the I-84 eastbound HOV lane, and westbound I-384 traffic can also access the HOV lane on westbound I-84. Westbound I-84", "id": "10503364" }, { "contents": "Special routes of U.S. Route 6\n\n\n6A from Plymouth–Farmington, this became US 6A. This US 6A was subsequently extended through Meriden to Willimantic along modern Route 66. An expressway upgrade was planned for this US 6A. Only a portion of the highway was built and is now I-691. U.S. Route 6A (US 6A) between Coventry and Windham was designated when New England Interstate Route 3 (NE-3) was deleted. The route was swapped with the old US 6 in 1939 and finally deleted in 1942 when US 6A became Route 31. U.S. Route 6A (US", "id": "10795785" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 (Pennsylvania–Massachusetts)\n\n\nNew Milford. Route 6 leaves the interstate at the next exit, and I-84 continues east across the countryside. At Exit 11, it turns to the northeast and descends to cross the Housatonic River on the Rochambeau Bridge, into New Haven County. It then climbs onto higher ground to the city of Waterbury, which it passes on an elevated viaduct with the eastbound and westbound lanes on different levels. Here the CT 8 expressway intersects. The eastern heading continues past Waterbury to Milldale, where Interstate 691 splits off to the east", "id": "12185438" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 120\n\n\nRoute 120 is a state highway in Connecticut, running entirely in the town of Southington. It serves as a more direct connection between the town center of Southington and the city of Meriden. Route 120 begins at an intersection with Route 322 in southeastern Southington, just west of the Meriden city line and about from an interchange with I-691. It heads in a northwest direction, crossing Misery Brook about later, passing by the St. Thomas Cemetery, then intersecting with Route 364 after another . Route 120 ends at an intersection with Route", "id": "21983096" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 322\n\n\nmeets Route 10 at a grade separated intersection. It briefly crosses into Cheshire before crossing the Quinnipiac River and reentering southeastern Southington. It meets the southern end of Route 120 before ending at an interchange with I-691 near the Southington-Meriden town line. The road continues into Meriden as West Main Street. Route 322 was established in 1963, running from Route 69 to then US 6A (Meriden Road) in Wolcott. The year before becoming a signed route, Route 322 was taken over by the state and designated as unsigned SR", "id": "8420887" }, { "contents": "Interstate 91\n\n\n. As such, it is almost always heavily trafficked (especially during rush hour), and maintains at least three lanes in each direction through Connecticut except for a short portion in Hartford at the interchange with I-84 and in Meriden at the interchange with Route 15. The three cities also serve as Connecticut's control points along its length of the Interstate. I-91 begins just east of downtown New Haven at an interchange with I-95 (the Connecticut Turnpike), and Route 34. At the bottom of the ramp for exit 5,", "id": "8976769" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 66\n\n\nIt ran from the Milldale section of Southington, via Meriden and Middletown, to Willimantic. In the 1932 state highway renumbering, old Highway 111 was designated as part of Route 14, which extended from Woodbury to the Rhode Island state line. In 1941, the section of Route 14 from Woodbury to Willimantic was redesignated as US 6A, connecting at US 6 on both ends. In the early 1960s, plans for constructing a US 6A expressway between I-84 in Southington and Willimantic were announced. By 1966, a short portion of", "id": "16691098" }, { "contents": "Interstate 66\n\n\nfrom eastbound I-66 to the West Falls Church Metro station at the Leesburg Pike (Virginia State Route 7) interchange and will provide a new bridge for the W&OD Trail over Lee Highway (Virginia State Route 29). In Washington D.C., I-66 was planned to extend east of its current terminus along the North Leg of the Inner Loop freeway. I-66 would have also met the eastern terminus of a planned Interstate 266 at US 29, and the western terminus of the South Leg Freeway (I-695) at US 50; I-266 would", "id": "9038810" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 10\n\n\n. It then turns north onto Dixwell Avenue, and intersects the Wilbur Cross Parkway (Route 15) at Exit 60. In the center of Hamden, it turns onto Whitney Avenue. Proceeding northward, it encounters the northern end of the Route 40 freeway and the western end of Route 22 . In Cheshire, it meets the eastern end of Route 42, and has a brief triplex with Routes 68 and 70. At the north end of town is a junction with I-691 at Exit 3. It then enters Southington, where", "id": "16098035" }, { "contents": "Interstate 80 in Iowa\n\n\nthe east at the Jordan Creek Parkway exit. The highway adds a third lane eastbound and drops the third lane westbound. Almost to the east is the interchange with I-35, which also marks the beginning of I-235. Eastbound I-80 exits the freeway via a flyover ramp to northbound I-35; eastbound I-235 begins as the continuation of the I-80 freeway. Locally, this exit is called the West Mixmaster. I-80 shares the next with I-35 on a six-lane freeway where each direction's three lanes are separated by a Jersey barrier.", "id": "3837266" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 68\n\n\nto its junction with I-91 at Exit 15. After overpassing I-91 and passing a couple of business parks, Route 68 becomes a 2 lane road once again. It then enters Durham, where it passes the southern end of Route 157 before ending at Route 17 in the center of town. The road connecting Naugatuck and Cheshire was designated in 1922 as State Highway 325. In the 1932 state highway renumbering, former Highway 325 was renumbered to Route 68. The route was later extended east to Middlefield in 1966 along former SR 607", "id": "3645090" }, { "contents": "Interstate 480 (Nebraska–Iowa)\n\n\nLeavenworth neighborhood from the Old Market neighborhood. Shortly after the Leavenworth Street exit is the Harney Street exit, which provides access to U.S. Route 6 from eastbound I-480. before the North Freeway interchange, I-480 passes beneath Dodge and Douglas Streets, which are the westbound and eastbound lanes of U.S. 6, respectively. Just to the southwest of the Creighton University campus is the North Freeway interchange, where US 75 leaves eastbound I-480 and joins westbound. The North Freeway was originally planned to be an Interstate Highway, \"I-580\", connecting", "id": "10317788" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nExit 110 leading to the I-40 frontage road along the eastbound lanes, which suddenly becomes a divided highway named \"Route 66.\" The first intersection is a connecting road to the parts of the interchange with the eastbound on-ramp, as well as the frontage roads along the westbound lanes, leading to the western terminus of the business loop. Shortly after this is the barely paved Carson County Road BB. The divided highway ends just west of TX FM 295 and Carson County Road CC (Western Avenue), and gains", "id": "294168" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 in New York\n\n\n6 and 202 closely parallel I-84 to the north, between the freeway and one of the upper basins of East Branch Reservoir, part of New York City's water supply system. The northern terminus of NY 121 lets eastbound traffic on and westbound traffic off. Two miles (3.2 km) to the east, Signs appear for Saw Mill Road, exit 1 on Connecticut's stretch of I-84, and its ramps leave the highway just a hundred feet (30 m) before the state line. The route of I-84 through the", "id": "995373" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 34\n\n\nLegion Avenue, later becoming South Frontage Road (former Oak Street), while westbound Route 34 uses North Frontage Road. The eastbound section running along Legion Avenue and South Frontage Road (1.03 miles) is town-maintained. The corresponding westbound section along North Frontage Road is officially designated as State Road 706 but is signed as Route 34 West. Route 34 then continues along the Oak Street Connector, a six-lane freeway that connects to I-91 and I-95. The freeway portion has two westbound exits and three eastbound entrances,", "id": "5492586" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nfor BL-40, because south of this intersection is an approach to a westbound on-eastbound off wye interchange with I-40. Immediately after this intersection, BL-40 ends at an eastbound on-westbound off wye interchange with I-40. The Clinton business loop of Interstate 40 is the fourth business route of I-40 in Oklahoma, running from exit 65 to exit 69, although only part of the route runs along former US 66. The route begins at exit 65, which is an eastbound flyover with no re-entry, and a westbound", "id": "294183" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nand maintenance facility, and then leaves the frontage road at the on ramp to eastbound I-40, where it meets its terminus. The frontage roads along both sides of I-40 continue through three more interchanges before crossing the Texas-Oklahoma State Line. The Erick business loop of Interstate 40 is the first business route of I-40 in Oklahoma. It begins on exit 5 (Honeyfarm Drive) and runs south into North 1720th Road until that street ends at a four-lane divided highway known as East 1240th Road (former Route 66)", "id": "294176" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 542\n\n\nRoute 542 (also known as Ferguson Road) is a state road in northern Connecticut. It is contained inside the town of Vernon. It runs from Route 533 to Route 541. Route 542 begins at Route 543 (Tunnel Road) in the central portion of the town of Vernon. It then heads east for about before intersecting with exit 66 on Interstate 84 (I-84}. Only travelers on westbound I-84 can exit onto Route 542, and that travelers on Route 542 can only get onto westbound I-84. About from the", "id": "1160744" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 71\n\n\nas it intersects West Main Street. While southbound traffic may continue from West Main Street onto Cook Avenue, northbound traffic must turn right onto Hanover Street, then left onto South Grove Street, and left onto West Main Street to continue. Once reunited, Route 71 proceeds west on West Main Street before turning north onto Chamberlain Highway. It then crosses I-691 at Exit 5, with access to and from the west. It then crosses into Berlin, passing the eastern end of Route 364 before turning northeast as the Chamberlain Highway becomes", "id": "18857060" }, { "contents": "Interstate 91\n\n\nparallels the river, never more than from its shore. I-91 then enters the Hartford city limits. In Hartford, I-91 it has a set of interchanges with US 5/Route 15 (Wilbur Cross Highway), which provides access from I-91 north to I-84 east, and from I-84 west to I-91 south via the Charter Oak Bridge. I-91 then has an interchange with I-84, where all other movements to and from I-84 take place. Before leaving the city limits, an HOV lane begins that has its own set of interchanges", "id": "8976772" }, { "contents": "Interstate 210 (Louisiana)\n\n\nShip Channel. At the southeastern end of the bridge, the highway meets with exit 3, Prien Lake Road, eastbound. I-210 heads east through Lake Charles, turning 90 degrees at exit 8, LA 14/Gerstner Memorial Drive. The highway then heads north towards its eastern terminus with I-10 just east of Lake Charles. Though portions of the freeway run north-south, the entire route is signed east-west. All of I-210 is included as part of the National Highway System, a system of roadways important to", "id": "2671252" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 95 in California\n\n\nChemehuevi Mountains before entering the city of Needles after several miles. After passing the Needles Municipal Airport, US 95 merges onto I-40 westbound and continues through Needles on the freeway. US 95 exits from I-40 west of Needles and continues northwest to Searchlight Junction, where US 95 continues north at the junction with the old routing of US 66. The highway continues north, east of Homer Mountain, to the Nevada state line. US 95 is part of the California Freeway and Expressway System, and a small portion near I-10 and the", "id": "21402148" }, { "contents": "Interstate 66\n\n\nInterstate 66 (I-66) is an Interstate Highway in the eastern United States. As indicated by its even route number, it runs in an east–west direction. Its current western terminus is near Middletown, Virginia, at an interchange with I-81; its eastern terminus is in Washington, D.C., at an interchange with U.S. Route 29. Because of its terminus in the Shenandoah Valley, the highway was once called the \"Shenandoah Freeway.\" Much of the route parallels U.S. Route 29 or Virginia State Route 55. Interstate", "id": "9038774" }, { "contents": "Interstate 95 in Connecticut\n\n\nof around 150,000 throughout the entire length between the New York state line and the junction with I-91 in New Haven. The Turnpike intersects with several major expressways, namely US 7 at Exit 15 in Norwalk, Route 8 and Route 25 at Exit 27A in Bridgeport (quickest way to I-84 from southwest CT), the Merritt and Wilbur Cross Parkways at Exit 38 (via the Milford Parkway) in Milford, and Interstate 91 at Exit 48 in New Haven. North (east) of I-91, the Turnpike continues along the Connecticut", "id": "5620386" }, { "contents": "Missouri Route 96\n\n\nRoute 96 was redesignated as Route YY west of Route 171 when Kansas deleted the eastern part of K-96. Route 96 begins at a partial interchange with Interstate 44 (I-44) just west of Halltown (there is no access to westbound I-44 or from eastbound I-44). The highway is a two-lane road and is relatively straight all the way to Carthage. Approximately west of I-44 is the western terminus of Route 266. Approximately further west, Route 96 is joined by Historic Route 66. At Albatross, is an intersection", "id": "11824778" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nI-40, and the former segment of US 66 along the north side continues as one of the two I-40 frontage roads. The Amarillo business loop of Interstate 40 begins at I-40 exit 62A just west of Amarillo. The highway was formerly a business route for Route 66, being that highway's only bannered route in Texas. Bus. I-40 D is known locally as Amarillo Boulevard and is the longest buisness route of Interstate 40. Bus. I-40 D begins at Interstate 40 exit 62A just west of Amarillo near Cadillac Ranch. The", "id": "294164" }, { "contents": "Interstate 540 and North Carolina Highway 540\n\n\nto the Western Wake Freeway and future Southern and Eastern Wake Freeways. As of January 2013, the North Carolina state route traverses east–west from I-40, in Durham County to NC 55, in Holly Springs. Initially intended to be signed as an extension of the I-540 loop, the first section of the route bears mile markers and exit numbers for the complete Interstate loop, going from 66 to 69. In Mid-2012, this section of the beltway became part of the Triangle Expressway. No portion of I-540 is tolled.", "id": "6204061" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 229\n\n\nRoute 229 is a state highway in the western Greater Hartford area of the U.S. state of Connecticut. It runs north–south from Interstate 84 in Southington to U.S. Route 6 in Bristol. Along the way, it intersects Route 72 in the Forestville section of Bristol. Route 229 nominally begins at the end of the eastbound Exit 31 off-ramp of I-84 in western Southington, heading northward along West Street. State maintenance and the official southern end of Route 229 actually begins about south of the off-ramp. West Street", "id": "7429975" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nwhich focuses on the roads former status as Route 66. The commercial strip ends after a dirt road named North Tennessee Street. \"Route 66\" splits from East 12th Street at an intersection that's another connecting road to the eastbound off-ramp of Exit 164, the then runs over the overpass above I-40 to turn right at the frontage road along the westbound lanes leading to the western beginning of the business loop. Eastbound Business Interstate Route 40-J narrows down to a two-lane undivided highway before passing by a TxDOT construction", "id": "294175" }, { "contents": "Highway revolts in the United States\n\n\nInterstate 291 beltway west of Interstate 91, the proposed Interstate 484 expressway through the downtown, and the proposed Interstate 284 expressway between East Hartford and South Windsor, and Interstate 491 from Wethersfield to Manchester. After these freeways were cancelled, the State of Connecticut used the funds allocated for their construction to rebuild and expand existing freeways in the Greater Hartford area. In 1992 the Route 9 Expressway was extended north from I-91 in New Britain to Interstate 84 in Farmington, completing what would have been the southwest quadrant of the I-291 beltway;", "id": "256037" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 in Connecticut\n\n\nthe northern end of the Route 15 expressway, it inherits the Wilbur Cross Highway name for the rest of its length. From 1968 until 1984, the I-84 designation ended here, and the highway became I-86 for the rest of its length, as I-84 was once planned to be built east toward Providence, Rhode Island. I-84 intersects one of the remnants of the abandoned project, I-384, as part of a series of complex interchanges in Manchester including the end of the US 6 concurrency at exit 60, and a connection to", "id": "14727152" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nfrontage roads along the westbound lanes leading to the western beginning of the business loop, and an unorthodox roadside attraction known as the Leaning Tower of Texas. Business Interstate Route 40-F ends at the on ramp to eastbound I-40, as does the divided former US 66, which is converted back into the frontage road along the eastbound lanes of I-40. The McLean business loop of Interstate 40 runs from exit 141 to 143. Officially designated as Business Interstate 40-H by the Texas Department of Transportation, it begins at I-40 at an eastbound flyover", "id": "294170" }, { "contents": "Maryland Route 53\n\n\nstate highway then meets its northern terminus at an intersection with US 40 Alternate in La Vale. Access to westbound I-68 is provided a short distance to the east on US 40 Alternate. MD 53 is part of US 220 Truck, which provides access from Interstate 68 (I-68) west of La Vale to southbound US 220 for trucks due to a truck prohibition on the eastbound exit ramp for I-68's interchange with US 220. The state highway is part of the main National Highway System from US 220 to I-68; in addition", "id": "11898711" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 84\n\n\nend street at the truck stop along the aforementioned frontage road. Interstate 84 Business was a business loop of I-84 along in Morgan, Utah. It ran north along Utah State Route 66 at Exit 103 (State Street) to East 600th Street running along the north side of I-84 until the former westbound-off-ramp and eastbound on-ramp that was once westbound Exit 103 until the mid-1990s. Interstate 84 Business was a business loop of I-84 along in Henefer, Utah. It ran southeast along the southwest side of I-84", "id": "6061978" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 5 in Connecticut\n\n\nStreet becomes Broad Street after the intersection with Hall Avenue as it passes by the eastern part of the city, avoiding the downtown area. Past Olive Street, the road becomes divided with a wide grassy median. At the north end of the divided section, it has an intersection with East Main Street, the main east–west business route through the city. About north of East Main Street, US 5 has an interchange with I-691 (at exit 8). At the intersection with Brittania Street, the road becomes North Broad", "id": "5428414" }, { "contents": "Interstate 91\n\n\nthe river can also be easily accessed in this stretch. At exit 19 is the northern terminus of I-93, a major interstate highway in New England, which provides a direct route south through the White Mountains and to almost all major cities in New Hampshire. Just after exit 19, there are three exits for St. Johnsbury, including a major intersection with US 2. Along westbound US 2, the capital of Vermont, Montpelier, is eventually reached from I-91, although I-89 provides Montpelier with immediate Interstate access. I-91 continues northward", "id": "8976783" }, { "contents": "Massachusetts Turnpike\n\n\nand the seventh-longest gap between exits in the entire Interstate Highway System. The highest elevation on the turnpike exists in The Berkshires, reaching above sea level in Becket; this point is also the highest elevation on I-90 east of South Dakota. Beyond the peak elevation and between the exits, an eastbound runaway truck ramp exists in Russell. The turnpike has an interchange with I-91 and US 5 at exit 4 in West Springfield; it passes over the Connecticut River before reaching Route 33 at exit 5 and I-291 at exit 6", "id": "8595595" }, { "contents": "County Route 66 (California)\n\n\ncrossing paths with the freeway again at Fenner, before heading east on Goffs Road to the junction with US 95. Next, CR 66 cosigns along US 95 south to the junction with I-40, where both the US and county routes cosign with I-40 heading east towards Needles. CR 66 exits the freeway at River Road Cutoff, where it immediately turns onto National Trails Highway after exiting. The route follows National Trails Highway to its end on River Road, then begins its southeast journey into downtown Needles. After an interchange with I-40", "id": "21979064" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 (Pennsylvania–Massachusetts)\n\n\n. This section has many left-hand exits and entrances and sharp curves, which were built for a planned network of freeways. I-84 heads northeast towards New Britain and Hartford, the state capital and the largest community along its eastern length. After intersecting Interstate 91, the road crosses the Connecticut River on the Bulkeley Bridge, oldest on the Interstate system, then becomes the Wilbur Cross Highway and continues towards the northeast. The last exit in Connecticut is Exit 74, an exit for Route 171. I-84 crosses the Massachusetts border", "id": "12185439" }, { "contents": "Rhode Island Route 4\n\n\n. After exit 7, Route 4 continues northward as a six-lane expressway, passing farmlands to the west and entering a suburban region of East Greenwich. The highway crosses under an overpass at Middle Road before interchanging with Route 401, the freeway's final spur, at another partial cloverleaf interchange. Exit 8 is also used to access Route 2 and I-95 south, which has no direct freeway connection with Route 4 north. Shortly after exit 8, the Route 4 designation ends and the mainline of the highway defaults onto I-95", "id": "14737226" }, { "contents": "Cromwell, Connecticut\n\n\nis land and (4.03%) is water. A major north/south highway, Interstate 91, with two Cromwell exits, runs through the Town. The Central Connecticut Expressway (Route 9), opened at the end of 1989, enhances the Town's location as it connects I-95 in Old Saybrook, I-91 in Cromwell and I-84, the State's major east/west highway in New Britain. As of the census of 2010, there were 14,005 people, 5,212 households, and 3,262 families residing in the town.", "id": "17977773" }, { "contents": "Interstate 190 (South Dakota)\n\n\n16 westbound goes east on Omaha Street and eastbound runs north concurrently with I-190. I-190 then becomes a freeway, with an exit to North Street. I-190 then passes under Anamosa Street before an on-ramp from the northbound lanes of West Boulevard. Both US 16 and I-190 then terminate at a trumpet interchange with I-90/US 14/SD 79. Legally, the route of I-190 is defined at South Dakota Codified Laws § 31-4-203. I-190 was opened in 1962 to connect Rapid City to the recently completed", "id": "2672231" }, { "contents": "Interstate 210 and State Route 210 (California)\n\n\nfor the interchange between State Route 57 and the Foothill Freeway, Interstate 210. The \"curve\" portion refers to the interchange from the northbound lanes of State Route 57 to the westbound lanes of I-210, and from the eastbound lanes of I-210 to the southbound lanes of State Route 57. The origin of the name comes from its location in the city of Glendora. Prior to 2002, this interchange was entirely part of I-210, and the eastern terminus of I-210 ended several miles south of the curve at the Kellogg Interchange at", "id": "2671217" }, { "contents": "Interstate 78 in New Jersey\n\n\nEntering more commercial areas, Route 173 merges onto I-78/US 22 at exit 13. At exit 15, the highway interchanges with CR 513, and Route 173 splits from I-78/US 22 by heading north on CR 513. At this point, the freeway enters Franklin Township briefly at exit 15 and then enters Clinton where it crosses the South Branch Raritan River. I-78/US 22 turns northeast and leaves Clinton for Clinton Township, where it has an eastbound exit and westbound entrance for Route 173 that also provides access to", "id": "16353900" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 15\n\n\nlimits, the business route veers onto Center Street and follows that through the center of town. At the north end of the city, I-15 Bus. turns west and runs concurrently with US 30 to its northern end at I-15 Exit 47. Interstate 15 Business runs for exactly through Inkom in northern Bannock County. I-15 Bus. mostly follows Old Highway 91 between Exits 57 and 58, a pair of partial interchanges. Interstate 15 Business spans through Pocatello in northern Bannock County. I-15 Bus. begins at I-15 Exit 67, where", "id": "15434019" }, { "contents": "Interstate 10 in California\n\n\nI-10 down Interstate 5 between the East LA Interchange and the Santa Monica Freeway, negating a section of the San Bernardino Freeway west of I-5. This short section of Route 10 between Route 5 and Route 101, which was formerly defined as Route 110 (signed as Interstate 110) until 1968, is signed overhead for I-10 eastbound and for U.S. 101 westbound. This I-5/I-10 cosigning is consistent with the Federal Highway Administration's Interstate Highway route logs that such an overlap exists for the segment of I-10 in California. I-10 is", "id": "10298840" }, { "contents": "Nevada State Route 425\n\n\ncenter of Verdi, then southeast to its terminus at the I-80 East Verdi interchange (Exit 5). Although designated a state route and an Interstate business route, there are no route shields posted along the highway itself. The I-80 business route extends beyond the end of SR 425. From the highway's western terminus, I-80 Business follows Gold Ranch Road an additional south to end at an I-80 westbound onramp. The highway originally carried State Route 1 and later U.S. Route 40 on its trek west from Reno over Donner Pass towards", "id": "5840323" }, { "contents": "Interstate 516\n\n\ncurrent western terminus of I-516. In 1985, the entire highway from its then-current western terminus at Burnsed Blvd to Montgomery Street was designated as I-516. The freeway portion was extended westward to the interchange with SR 25 (Burnsed Blvd) and eastward to the current eastern terminus. Also US 17/SR 25 and US 80/SR 26 were re-routed along the freeway, from the West Bay Street exit to the Ogeechee Road exit. In 1995, US 17 had a major re-routing through the city", "id": "10860994" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 15\n\n\nState Route 28. Interstate 15 Business is a Business loop of Interstate 15 in Bringham City, and is also concurrent with Business Loop 84. It runs from an interchange at Exit 362 on I-15/84 at first along U.S. Route 91 to the intersection with U.S. Route 89 and UT 13. US 91 continues east along US 89, while BL 15/84 turns left to go north along UT 13 (South Main Street). Further in town, the road serves as the west end of Utah State Route 90. At Forest Street,", "id": "15434015" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 95 in Nevada\n\n\nthe Henderson Spaghetti Bowl (also known as the Hender-Bender) interchange of Interstate 215 and SR 564 and Interstate 515 begins. The freeway then heads west into Downtown Las Vegas, where it intersects Interstate 15. At the Spaghetti Bowl interchange, US 93 follows I-15 northbound and I-515 ends. US 95 heads west, then north at the Rainbow Curve. The freeway portion then ends at Corn Creek Road northwest of the Las Vegas Valley and then it becomes a brief four-lane divided highway. US 95 exits Clark County", "id": "7359006" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 15\n\n\nwhen it turns east onto Alameda Road, which becomes Pocatello Creek Road when it veers northeast to the business route's terminus at I-15 Exit 71. Interstate 15 Business has a length of through Blackfoot in central Bingham County. I-15 Bus. begins at I-15 Exit 89 near the northern end of the Fort Hall Indian Reservation and follows US 91 northeast parallel to the Union Pacific Railroad. The highways cross the Blackfoot River into the city of Blackfoot along Broadway Street. In downtown Blackfoot, the routes veer onto Main Street, then I-15", "id": "15434021" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 50 in Maryland\n\n\neastbound exit. Following this interchange, US 50 passes office parks and industrial development in New Carrollton. The highway reaches a hybrid turbine interchange with I-95/I-495, the Capital Beltway. At the I-95/I-495 interchange, the US 50 freeway becomes part of the Interstate Highway System as I-595, which is an unsigned highway. The road heads east as an ten-lane freeway, with the left lane in each direction designated as a high-occupancy vehicle lane (HOV lane). The freeway passes near residential development and", "id": "21110676" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nloop of Interstate 40 is the third business route of I-40 in Oklahoma. It runs northeast along former US 66 from eastbound exit 32 and turns east after the beginning of an overlap with OK 6 that runs along the route until OK 6 turns south at North Main Street. From there it snakes through the northeastern part of the city and after the intersection with OK 34 finally terminates with I-40 at westbound exit 41. The route begins at a left exit in a wye interchange with Interstate 40, which also serves as a connection", "id": "294180" }, { "contents": "Iowa Highway 330\n\n\nused as a connector between Des Moines and the Waterloo–Cedar Falls area. Iowa 330 begins at an interchange with Interstate 80 (I-80), U.S. Route 6 (US 6), and US 65 in Altoona. The I-80 freeway runs east–west; US 6 comes up from the southwest along Hubbell Avenue and joins eastbound I-80 while US 65 exits eastbound I-80 and turns onto Hubbell heading northeast. For the first of its routing, Iowa 330 shares the same roadway with US 65. The two routes head northeast on", "id": "10381823" }, { "contents": "Interstate 180 (Pennsylvania)\n\n\nat an interchange with U.S. Route 15 and U.S. Route 220. The highway begins its signage, concurrent along these routes. At exit 27A, US 15 leaves the overlap running south across the Carl E. Stotz Memorial Little League Bridge and I-180 continues eastward, still concurrent with US 220 northbound. From there, I-180 runs along the West Branch Susquehanna River until the highway reaches the eastern suburbs of Williamsport, where US 220 leaves the Interstate via exit 15. From US 220 to the eastern terminus, I-180 is aligned north–south", "id": "4494305" }, { "contents": "Interstate 76 (Ohio–New Jersey)\n\n\nJersey. After I-76 reaches its eastern terminus, the freeway continues as Route 42 and the Atlantic City Expressway to Atlantic City. I-76 begins at I-71 at exit 209, east of Lodi, Ohio; U.S. Route 224 (US 224) continues west from the end of I-76. The interchange was previously a double trumpet, but was reconstructed in 2010. Officially, I-76 begins at the beginning of the ramp from I-71 north; it merges with US 224 at mile 0.61. After passing through rural Medina County, I-76 enters Summit", "id": "12185505" }, { "contents": "Interstate 215 (Utah)\n\n\ninterchange features a grade-separated ramp from northbound 2000 East to eastbound I-215. Past this junction, another interchange at Union Park Avenue appears. Another grade-separated ramp from Union Park Avenue is present. The freeway enters Murray as an interchange serving westbound motorists connects to 280 East and State Street (U.S. Route 89, or US-89). Eastbound travelers connect to State Street further west at a separate exit. The road turns northwest for a short time to approach a junction at I-15 (often called the South Interchange).", "id": "9551591" }, { "contents": "List of state routes in Connecticut\n\n\n. Routes are signed state highways and are assigned numbers from 1 to 399 (with the exception of I-684 and I-691). All state, U.S. and Interstate highways are part of the same numbering system. In 1926, the U.S. highway system was implemented. U.S. Routes 1, 5, 6, and 7 were used as designations on several primary state highways, replacing New England routes 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. The other New England routes that were not re-designated as U.S. routes became ordinary", "id": "5492536" }, { "contents": "Interstate 291 (Massachusetts)\n\n\ndirectly through highly populated areas of Springfield, and passes under several overpasses. From its southwestern terminus to exit 5A, Interstate 291 is concurrent with U.S. Route 20. I-291 is only from Interstate 291 in Connecticut, and there are no intervening Interstate Highway interchanges between them. It can be easy for travelers to become confused between the two highways. Interstate 291 begins as a spur of Interstate 91 at Exit 8 in Springfield, concurrent with U.S. 20, which merges from the north. The two entry ramps from I-91 merge with each", "id": "1778230" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 15\n\n\nprovides access to the end of the Sprinter commuter train line. Shortly thereafter, I-15 Business intersects County Route S14, and then interchanges with State Route 78. The interchange is the last interchange on the 78 before its freeway status ends, and there are only ramps for a westbound entrance or eastbound exit. Continuing north, I-15 Business intersects with El Norte Parkway, a major arterial road, before reconnecting with Interstate 15 at I-15 exit 34 near the northern city limits of Escondido. Though the street itself continues northward well on into", "id": "15434009" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 9\n\n\nSaybrook to I-91 in Cromwell is known as the \"Chester Bowles Highway\". The section from I-91 in Cromwell to Exit 24 in Berlin is known as the \"Korean War Veterans Memorial Highway\". The section from Route 72 in New Britain to Route 175 in Newington is known as the \"Taras Shevchenko Expressway\". The section from Route 175 in Newington to the junction with I-84 is known as the \"Iwo Jima Memorial Expressway\". The road connecting Deep River (then known as Saybrook) and Wethersfield along the west", "id": "15881247" }, { "contents": "Colorado State Highway 74\n\n\nthe Evergreen Parkway segment to four lanes and constructing an interchange with I-70. SH 74 begins at an interchange with I-70 in El Rancho. Ramps from I-70 westbound branch off the freeway's exit 252 from the north side and cross the highway southwestward. Access to SH 74 from I-70 eastbound is provided via U.S. Highway 40 (US 40) a slight distance to the west. From I-70, the roadway heads southwesterly through El Rancho, meeting an intersection with US 40 (Swede Gulch Road). The route heads westward before turning", "id": "12873578" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 84\n\n\nsoutheast corner of that intersection, and the contemporary but still traditional Brigham City Utah Temple on the southwest corner. UT 13 ends at the southern terminus of the overlap of US 89/91, and BL-15/84 makes a sharp right turn along southbound US 91, while South Main Street is taken over by southbound US 89. US 91/BL-15/84 runs west along West 1100th Street South. BL-15/84 ends at Exit 362, a diverging diamond interchange with I-15/84, while West 1100th Street South continues into the I-15 frontage road, and becomes a dead", "id": "6061977" }, { "contents": "Interstate 384\n\n\naccess to I-384 is provided through a complex interchange that also provides access from Pleasant Valley Road near Buckland Hills Mall and from I-291. I-384's first exit is for Spencer Street. The eastbound ramp is on the I-384 mainline, while the westbound ramp comes from a split in the I-84 interchange ramp. Just east of the Spencer Street overpass, the ramp from westbound I-84 joins the I-384 mainline and the HOV lane becomes a conventional lane. I-384 continues along the southern part of Manchester. It has one interchange before it intersects Route", "id": "10503365" }, { "contents": "Interstate 78 in New Jersey\n\n\ninto Springfield Township. The freeway passes near First Watchung Mountain before coming to the Route 24 interchange, where suburban development becomes more dense. At Route 24, I-78 divides into local and express lanes, with three express and three local lanes eastbound and two express and three local lanes westbound. In this section of the highway, most access is via the local lanes, though the next exit for Route 124 includes a direct westbound onramp to the express lanes. Before Route 124, I-78 briefly runs east through Millburn in Essex County", "id": "16353906" }, { "contents": "California State Route 237\n\n\n85. Westbound traffic can connect to Route 85 southbound, but the eastbound traffic connection to Route 85 northbound is labeled as an exit for U.S. 101. Route 237 intersects with Highway 101 at the southern corner of Moffett Field. After this intersection, a carpool lane is added, for a total of three lanes in either direction. It remains like this until the east end of the freeway at Interstate 880, where most eastbound traffic is directed to northbound I-880. The route then becomes a city street (an arterial road)", "id": "9003349" }, { "contents": "Massachusetts Route 141\n\n\nas Easthampton Road, crossing roads south of Mount Tom. Crossing through the Rock Valley section of Holyoke, the highway passes south of the Whiting Reservoir and Wyckoff Country Club, entering the Smiths Valley section. Through Smiths Valley, Route 141 runs southeast through a residential neighborhood, reaching a ramp to Interstate 91 southbound (I-91 exit 17). After another turn, the route crosses into a trumpet interchange with I-91 northbound, becoming a one-way couplet through downtown Holyoke. Route 141 eastbound runs along Dwight Street while Route 141", "id": "2532205" }, { "contents": "Interstate 295 (Delaware–Pennsylvania)\n\n\nof Penndel. Following this interchange, the freeway runs south-southeast near suburban residential areas as it heads west of Levittown. I-295 enters Bristol Township and terminates at an interchange with I-95 at I-276 (Pennsylvania Turnpike). At this interchange, I-295 merges into southbound I-95, with access from westbound I-295 to southbound I-95 and from northbound I-95 to eastbound I-295; there are no ramps connecting I-295 and the Pennsylvania Turnpike. In the 1927 New Jersey state highway renumbering, Route 39 was legislated to begin at the Yardley–Wilburtha Bridge", "id": "9627779" }, { "contents": "James River Freeway\n\n\n. The portion of the James River Freeway between I-44 and the interchange with US 60 and Route 413 is designated as Route 360. Other than its endpoints, there is only one interchange on the route: Route MM in Brookline (now part of Republic). Exit markers for the highway mark the road as the James River Freeway and have no control cities, only \"To Route 60\" eastbound and \"To I-44\" westbound. The control cities between US 60 and US 65 are Republic westbound and Rogersville eastbound. At", "id": "6615288" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 6 in Rhode Island\n\n\nturns south on the I-295 collector/distributor roads to the west end of that freeway. The south interchange of US 6 and I-295 has numerous ramp stubs once intended for a western continuation of the Roberts Expressway as Interstate 84. The six-lane Roberts Expressway has interchanges with Route 5, U.S. Route 6A, Route 128, and US 6A again on its way to Olneyville. It crosses from Johnston into Providence just west of the bridge over Route 128. At the second US 6A interchange, the older Olneyville Bypass begins,", "id": "21794194" }, { "contents": "Flatbush Avenue Connector\n\n\nstate proposed the corridor as the Cedar Ridge Connector with no number, leading from its current terminus at I-84 to U.S. 5/Route 15 in Wethersfield. The short expressway planned to include an interchange with a planned but cancelled Route 71 expressway leading to New Britain. Circa 2015, the viaduct carrying the northbound ramp to Eastbound I-84 was removed, and a new alignment adjacent to the southbound off ramp from Westbound I-84 was built. Exit 45 is currently an incomplete interchange, with ramps only for I-84 westbound to SR 504 (left", "id": "5839909" }, { "contents": "Interstate 195 (New Jersey)\n\n\ndesignation west and south, along existing I-95 instead. I-195's western terminus is at a modified cloverleaf interchange with I-295 in Hamilton Township, Mercer County, located southeast of the city of Trenton. From this end, the freeway continues north into Trenton as Route 29. I-195 serves as the southern continuation of Route 29, continuing east from I-295 as a six-lane expressway, passing between suburban neighborhoods to the north and the Crosswicks Creek to the south. After the exit for US 206, the highway narrows to four lanes", "id": "14760197" }, { "contents": "Massachusetts Route 25\n\n\nRoute 25 west mainline onto Route 495 north, with the right-hand lane serving I-195 via Exit 1. From I-195, Route 25 east is accessible via Exit 22A; I-195 terminates at the interchange. Interstate 495 also terminates at its junction with Route 25; the two southbound lanes of I-495 default onto Route 25 east. After the interchange with I-195 and I-495, Route 25 begins to head in a southeastern direction into the town of Wareham as a six-lane freeway. The route passes under Tihonet Road and through Maple", "id": "18239659" }, { "contents": "California State Route 56\n\n\ncompleted in 1995 after several lawsuits filed by the Sierra Club and other community groups. The two ends were not connected until the middle portion of the freeway was completed in 2004. The delay was largely due to funding issues and environmental concerns. Eastbound SR 56 begins as a ramp from the northbound I-5's local bypass lanes. The interchange is not complete; southbound I-5 traffic must exit to Carmel Valley Road before entering SR 56. Westbound traffic on SR 56 merges into the southbound I-5 local bypass lanes, which provide access to", "id": "2729277" }, { "contents": "Utah State Route 161\n\n\nState Route 161 (SR-161) is a long state highway, designated as a rural major connector, completely within Millard County in central Utah. The highway connects Interstate 70 (I-70) to I-15 while providing service to historic Cove Fort. The route was once part of U.S. Route 91 (US-91), but was renumbered to SR-161 in the 1970s, in parallel with the construction of I-70. Located entirely in southeastern Millard County, SR-161 starts at a diamond interchange with the westernmost exit on I-70 before it terminates at I-15.", "id": "14472451" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 in Connecticut\n\n\nbrief concurrency with Route 72 to the New Britain city line. From the Route 72 junction through Farmington, West Hartford, and into Hartford, I-84 has many left-hand exits and entrances and sharp curves, which were built for a planned network of freeways. In Farmington, US 6 joins I-84 once again at exit 38, and both meet the northern end of the Route 9 expressway at a half-used multi-level stack interchange that was originally planned to be part of the mostly-cancelled I-291 Hartford Beltway.", "id": "14727150" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 40\n\n\nan interchange. Route 40 begins from northbound I-91 in North Haven as the Exit 10 off-ramp. The designation runs for along the exit ramp. The expressway then proceeds northwest and is joined by on-ramps from Bailey Road and southbound I-91. The I-91 interchange includes an overpass over the Quinnipiac River and railroad tracks. About past the I-91 interchange, the road crosses over another set of railroad tracks, then has an interchange with U.S. Route 5. Access to and from US 5 is via Dixwell Avenue (SR 717", "id": "15644232" }, { "contents": "Interstate 695 (District of Columbia)\n\n\nsome remaining \"To I-395\" signage can still be found along I-695 westbound. The new signs designate I-695 as extending from the point where I-395 branches off from the Southeast Freeway, with I-695 continuing along the Southeast Freeway and over the new 11th Street Bridge to the interchange with I-295. However, some commentators contend the new signage is confusing and that the Southeast Freeway is often confused with Baltimore's Beltway, a highway with the same route designation. The entire route is in Washington, D.C. Exits were unnumbered until July 2014.", "id": "13815020" }, { "contents": "California State Route 91\n\n\nState Route 91 (SR 91) is a major east–west state highway in the U.S. state of California that serves several regions of the Greater Los Angeles urban area. A freeway throughout its entire length, it officially runs from Vermont Avenue in Gardena, just west of the junction with the Harbor Freeway (Interstate 110, I-110), east to Riverside at the junction with the Pomona (SR 60 west of SR 91) and Moreno Valley (SR 60 and I-215 east of SR 91) freeways. Though signs along", "id": "4945631" }, { "contents": "Tennessee State Route 182\n\n\nState Route 182 (abbreviated SR 182) is a secondary state highway in western Dyer County, Tennessee. This route is primarily rural in nature throughout its length. The first of SR 182 from its southern terminus with SR 104 to Interstate 155 is a modern two-lane facility with a speed limit. I-155 ended at Exit 7 during the 1970s and this section of SR 182 also served as a temporary link to SR 104 for eastbound motorists until the freeway was completed to Exit 15. SR 182 north of I-155 to its", "id": "12693771" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 4 in New Hampshire\n\n\nI-93 southbound, and runs along the freeway until Exit 15E in Concord. At this interchange, US-4 leaves I-93 and joins Interstate 393 and U.S. Route 202 which run eastbound out of the city. The two U.S. routes overlap I-393 to its terminus in the northern corner of Pembroke. I-393 then ends, and US-4/US-202 merge onto Route 9 eastbound through Chichester and into Epsom. The road crosses Route 28 at the Epsom Traffic Circle, then continues east and intersects Route 107, forming a long four-route concurrency into Northwood", "id": "19470164" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 9\n\n\nriver, it passes through the towns of Essex, Deep River, Chester, Haddam, and Middletown). After its junction with Interstate 91 in Cromwell, Route 9 continues westward then northward, running through the Hartford area towns/cities of Berlin, New Britain, Newington, and Farmington. At the junction with I-84/US 6 near the Farmington - West Hartford town line, Route 9 follows the ramps for eastbound I-84 and ends at the merge with I-84 immediately after crossing the town line. Route 9 has a non", "id": "15881245" }, { "contents": "Maryland Route 32\n\n\nCSX line) and several industrial parks in Annapolis Junction. MD 32 continues northwest into Savage, where the highway has a cloverleaf interchange with US 1 (Washington Boulevard) that includes collector-distributor lanes in both directions. North of Savage, the freeway has a partial cloverleaf interchange with I-95 that has a pair of left-exiting ramps from westbound MD 32 to southbound I-95 and from eastbound MD 32 to northbound I-95; because of these left exits, I-95 is configured differently in that its southbound lanes pass under MD 32 and", "id": "8470347" }, { "contents": "Interstate 95 in Massachusetts\n\n\nto eight lanes. Then the highway passes through Newton, then enters Weston and has a large interchange with the Massachusetts Turnpike (I-90) that provides connections to nearby Route 30. There is a fourth lane after the interchange with Route 9. Exits 23, 24, and 25 are one combined exit northbound. I-95 and Route 128 are due west of Boston at this point and begin to turn to the northeast, serving the city of Waltham and the town of Lexington along the way. The freeway has an interchange with Route", "id": "18993893" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 372\n\n\nthe Mattabesset River, intersecting I-91 at Exit 21. It then widens to 4 lanes, and intersects the northern end of Route 217. Farther east, it crosses Route 3 before meeting Route 9 once again at Exit 19. It then turns southeast to at an intersection with Route 99 at the Cromwell town center. Route 72 was established in the 1932 state highway renumbering between Route 66 in Middletown and Route 10 Plainville. By the beginning of 1963, after the implementation of the 1962 Route Reclassification Act, Route 72 was extended", "id": "8495485" }, { "contents": "Interstate 664\n\n\nhas a connection to Portsmouth through Virginia State Route 164 (SR 164) and to Suffolk via U.S. Route 13, US 58, and US 460. I-664 begins at a full Y interchange with I-64 and I-264 that serves as the terminus of all three Interstates in the Bowers Hill section of the city of Chesapeake. I-64 heads southeast as a continuation of the Hampton Roads Beltway through Chesapeake while I-264 heads east toward Portsmouth and Norfolk. I-664 heads west as an eight-lane freeway that has a southbound-only exit ramp to", "id": "13145352" }, { "contents": "Virginia State Route 194\n\n\ncloverleaf interchange with I-64 (Hampton Roads Beltway) that only contains ramps in the northeast and southwest quadrants of the interchange. Northbound SR 194 has an exit ramp to and an entrance ramp from westbound I-64. Southbound SR 194 has an exit ramp to and an entrance ramp from eastbound I-64. The missing connections with I-64 are made via SR 247 to the south and SR 165 (Little Creek Road) to the north of the Interstate. North of SR 165, SR 194 becomes a four-lane divided highway north to its", "id": "19152409" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nalphabetic values to allow for future system expansion. The alphabetic naming suffixes are included as small letters on the bottom of reassurance shields. The Glenrio business spur of Interstate 40 begins at I-40 on exit 0 just east of the New Mexico-Texas state line. The highway runs south from the interchange towards Former route 66, then turns west along that decommissioned route where it terminates at the Texas-New Mexico State Line. The Adrian business loop of Interstate 40 begins at I-40 at exit 22 and runs along Former route 66 to", "id": "294158" }, { "contents": "Vermont Route 103\n\n\nand slightly better road across the Green Mountains to Rutland, it is a direct east–west road intersecting Interstate 91 significantly north of the diagonal 103. Numerous proposals to widen 103 into a two-lane freeway or similar limited-access roadway have failed, even though a substantial power company right of way shadows the road for much of its length. VT 103 begins at U.S. Route 5 in Rockingham just east of Interstate 91 and just north of Bellows Falls. From there, it interchanges with I-91 at exit 6 and proceeds", "id": "13506058" } ]

[ { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\nInterstate 691 (I-691) is a portion of the Interstate Highway System in Connecticut beginning at Interstate 91 in Meriden and ending at Interstate 84 near the Cheshire-Southington town line. It is in length, including of the exit ramp to the merge with westbound I-84. I-691 is also known as the Henry D. Altobello Highway for its entire length. I-691 is the main east–west highway of the city of Meriden. The freeway actually begins in Middlefield as Route 66, technically becoming I-691 at the junction with I-91 (Exit", "id": "767379" }, { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\n11). However, westbound signage indicates I-691 begins at the start of the freeway (just west of Exit 13), while eastbound signage shows I-691 ending at the Route 15 interchange (at eastbound Exit 10 about west of the interchange with I-91). To go from I-91 northbound to I-691 westbound (or from I-691 eastbound to I-91 southbound), one must actually use Route 15. Exit 9 westbound provides access to Route 15 North. West of the I-91/Route 15 interchange, I-691 meets US 5, which provides", "id": "767380" }, { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\n66. The highway was extended west to Exit 4 by 1971. The connection to I-84 was eventually completed in 1987, with the renumbering to I-691 done at the same time. The portion east of I-91 remained as Route 66. Environmental and community groups successfully blocked attempts to extend the freeway east of its present terminus due to potential impacts on the Mt. Higby Reservoir, which provides drinking water for the local area. A compromise was reached in the late 1990s allowing CONNDOT to convert Route 66 from a 2-lane road to 4 lanes", "id": "767383" }, { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\nat Exit 4. It then crosses the Quinnipiac River into Cheshire, where it has an interchange with Route 10, then continues west to end at I-84 at the Southington/Cheshire town line. The highway officially ends as it merges into I-84 West. In the 1940s, the I-691 routing was part of a planned US 6A Expressway from Southington to Willimantic. A section of the expressway (from its Middlefield terminus west to Exit 8) first opened in 1966. By 1968, the US 6A designation was dropped in favor of Route", "id": "767382" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 66\n\n\nRoute 66 is a Connecticut state highway running from Meriden to Windham, serving as an alternate east–west route to US 6 through east-central Connecticut. Route 66 officially begins at I-91 in Meriden as the extension of I-691, which officially ends at its interchange with I-91. This freeway portion runs for about into the town of Middlefield, where it becomes a four lane surface road. In Middlefield, it has junctions with the northern end of Route 147, and the southern end of Route 217. It then enters Middletown", "id": "16691092" }, { "contents": "Interstate 91\n\n\nUS 5 begins at the first of its many interchanges with the freeway. Leaving New Haven, I-91 follows a northeastward trek into North Haven, where it meets the southern end of the Route 40 expressway. It travels through the eastern part of Wallingford before entering the eastern part of the city of Meriden. In Meriden, about halfway between Hartford and New Haven, I-91 sees a complex set of interchanges with the Wilbur Cross Parkway (Route 15), the Route 66 expressway, and its first spur route, I-691. I-691", "id": "8976770" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 15\n\n\nmore northeasterly in North Haven. Major junctions include the Milford Parkway (SR 796), a connector providing access to Interstate 95 and US 1 beginning just east of the Sikorsky Bridge; US 5 in Wallingford; and a complex set of interchanges in Meriden providing access to I-91, I-691, and the Route 66 expressway. The parkway ends about a mile north of I-691 as US 5 joins Route 15 and the road becomes a four-lane divided highway with signalized and at-grade intersections known as the Berlin Turnpike. After", "id": "14881517" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 66\n\n\nthe expressway from US 5 in Meriden to Middlefield (where the current expressway ends) opened to traffic. By 1968, the US 6A designation was removed and split into several routes. The section from I-84 in Southington to US 6 in Columbia was renumbered as Route 66, including the newly opened freeway segment. In 1971, another section of the Route 66 freeway opened from between Route 322 and US 5. In 1987, with the completion of the freeway connection to I-84, the section of Route 66 west of I-91 was", "id": "16691099" }, { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\naccess to Route 15 North for eastbound traffic. Exit 7 provides access to Downtown Meriden. Westbound traffic exits onto State Street Extension, while eastbound traffic enters onto Columbia Street. Exits 6 and 5 provide access to Route 71, as well as access to Westfield Meriden. Exit 6 exits to Lewis Avenue, while Exit 5 exits directly to Route 71. From here, I-691 passes along the north side of Hubbard Park as well as by Castle Craig before it crosses into Southington. It then meets the eastern end of Route 322", "id": "767381" }, { "contents": "Interstate 291 (Connecticut)\n\n\nInterstate 291 (I-291) is a short Interstate Highway in the state of Connecticut that starts at I-91 at its junction with Route 218 in Windsor and ends at I-84 in Manchester. It serves as a northeastern bypass of Hartford. The official length of I-291 is , including of the exit ramp to the merge with eastbound I-84. I-291 is also known as the Vietnam Veterans Memorial Highway for its entire length. I-291 begins at I-91 in Windsor at an interchange that also provides access to and from Route 218. Heading southeast, I-291", "id": "4834367" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 in Connecticut\n\n\ncity of Waterbury, where it intersects the Route 8 expressway and crosses the Naugatuck River on an elevated dual-decked viaduct known locally as The Mixmaster. After passing through Cheshire, I-84 intersects the western end of I-691 at the Cheshire–Southington town line, which is also the New Haven–Hartford county line. I-84 turns more northerly for a stretch to exit 31 (Route 229), which provides access to Lake Compounce Amusement Park and ESPN World Headquarters. The freeway heads more northeasterly to Plainville, where it has a", "id": "14727149" }, { "contents": "Interstate 384\n\n\nInterstate 384 (I-384) is an Interstate Highway located entirely within the state of Connecticut. It runs east to west, going from Interstate 84 in East Hartford to U.S. Route 6/U.S. Route 44 in Bolton. I-384 officially begins at I-84 eastbound Exit 59 at the East Hartford/Manchester town line, as the right 2 lanes of traffic split from the I-84 mainline. The highway can also be accessed from the I-84 eastbound HOV lane, and westbound I-384 traffic can also access the HOV lane on westbound I-84. Westbound I-84", "id": "10503364" }, { "contents": "Special routes of U.S. Route 6\n\n\n6A from Plymouth–Farmington, this became US 6A. This US 6A was subsequently extended through Meriden to Willimantic along modern Route 66. An expressway upgrade was planned for this US 6A. Only a portion of the highway was built and is now I-691. U.S. Route 6A (US 6A) between Coventry and Windham was designated when New England Interstate Route 3 (NE-3) was deleted. The route was swapped with the old US 6 in 1939 and finally deleted in 1942 when US 6A became Route 31. U.S. Route 6A (US", "id": "10795785" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 (Pennsylvania–Massachusetts)\n\n\nNew Milford. Route 6 leaves the interstate at the next exit, and I-84 continues east across the countryside. At Exit 11, it turns to the northeast and descends to cross the Housatonic River on the Rochambeau Bridge, into New Haven County. It then climbs onto higher ground to the city of Waterbury, which it passes on an elevated viaduct with the eastbound and westbound lanes on different levels. Here the CT 8 expressway intersects. The eastern heading continues past Waterbury to Milldale, where Interstate 691 splits off to the east", "id": "12185438" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 120\n\n\nRoute 120 is a state highway in Connecticut, running entirely in the town of Southington. It serves as a more direct connection between the town center of Southington and the city of Meriden. Route 120 begins at an intersection with Route 322 in southeastern Southington, just west of the Meriden city line and about from an interchange with I-691. It heads in a northwest direction, crossing Misery Brook about later, passing by the St. Thomas Cemetery, then intersecting with Route 364 after another . Route 120 ends at an intersection with Route", "id": "21983096" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 322\n\n\nmeets Route 10 at a grade separated intersection. It briefly crosses into Cheshire before crossing the Quinnipiac River and reentering southeastern Southington. It meets the southern end of Route 120 before ending at an interchange with I-691 near the Southington-Meriden town line. The road continues into Meriden as West Main Street. Route 322 was established in 1963, running from Route 69 to then US 6A (Meriden Road) in Wolcott. The year before becoming a signed route, Route 322 was taken over by the state and designated as unsigned SR", "id": "8420887" }, { "contents": "Interstate 91\n\n\n. As such, it is almost always heavily trafficked (especially during rush hour), and maintains at least three lanes in each direction through Connecticut except for a short portion in Hartford at the interchange with I-84 and in Meriden at the interchange with Route 15. The three cities also serve as Connecticut's control points along its length of the Interstate. I-91 begins just east of downtown New Haven at an interchange with I-95 (the Connecticut Turnpike), and Route 34. At the bottom of the ramp for exit 5,", "id": "8976769" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 66\n\n\nIt ran from the Milldale section of Southington, via Meriden and Middletown, to Willimantic. In the 1932 state highway renumbering, old Highway 111 was designated as part of Route 14, which extended from Woodbury to the Rhode Island state line. In 1941, the section of Route 14 from Woodbury to Willimantic was redesignated as US 6A, connecting at US 6 on both ends. In the early 1960s, plans for constructing a US 6A expressway between I-84 in Southington and Willimantic were announced. By 1966, a short portion of", "id": "16691098" }, { "contents": "Interstate 66\n\n\nfrom eastbound I-66 to the West Falls Church Metro station at the Leesburg Pike (Virginia State Route 7) interchange and will provide a new bridge for the W&OD Trail over Lee Highway (Virginia State Route 29). In Washington D.C., I-66 was planned to extend east of its current terminus along the North Leg of the Inner Loop freeway. I-66 would have also met the eastern terminus of a planned Interstate 266 at US 29, and the western terminus of the South Leg Freeway (I-695) at US 50; I-266 would", "id": "9038810" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 10\n\n\n. It then turns north onto Dixwell Avenue, and intersects the Wilbur Cross Parkway (Route 15) at Exit 60. In the center of Hamden, it turns onto Whitney Avenue. Proceeding northward, it encounters the northern end of the Route 40 freeway and the western end of Route 22 . In Cheshire, it meets the eastern end of Route 42, and has a brief triplex with Routes 68 and 70. At the north end of town is a junction with I-691 at Exit 3. It then enters Southington, where", "id": "16098035" }, { "contents": "Interstate 80 in Iowa\n\n\nthe east at the Jordan Creek Parkway exit. The highway adds a third lane eastbound and drops the third lane westbound. Almost to the east is the interchange with I-35, which also marks the beginning of I-235. Eastbound I-80 exits the freeway via a flyover ramp to northbound I-35; eastbound I-235 begins as the continuation of the I-80 freeway. Locally, this exit is called the West Mixmaster. I-80 shares the next with I-35 on a six-lane freeway where each direction's three lanes are separated by a Jersey barrier.", "id": "3837266" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 68\n\n\nto its junction with I-91 at Exit 15. After overpassing I-91 and passing a couple of business parks, Route 68 becomes a 2 lane road once again. It then enters Durham, where it passes the southern end of Route 157 before ending at Route 17 in the center of town. The road connecting Naugatuck and Cheshire was designated in 1922 as State Highway 325. In the 1932 state highway renumbering, former Highway 325 was renumbered to Route 68. The route was later extended east to Middlefield in 1966 along former SR 607", "id": "3645090" }, { "contents": "Interstate 480 (Nebraska–Iowa)\n\n\nLeavenworth neighborhood from the Old Market neighborhood. Shortly after the Leavenworth Street exit is the Harney Street exit, which provides access to U.S. Route 6 from eastbound I-480. before the North Freeway interchange, I-480 passes beneath Dodge and Douglas Streets, which are the westbound and eastbound lanes of U.S. 6, respectively. Just to the southwest of the Creighton University campus is the North Freeway interchange, where US 75 leaves eastbound I-480 and joins westbound. The North Freeway was originally planned to be an Interstate Highway, \"I-580\", connecting", "id": "10317788" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nExit 110 leading to the I-40 frontage road along the eastbound lanes, which suddenly becomes a divided highway named \"Route 66.\" The first intersection is a connecting road to the parts of the interchange with the eastbound on-ramp, as well as the frontage roads along the westbound lanes, leading to the western terminus of the business loop. Shortly after this is the barely paved Carson County Road BB. The divided highway ends just west of TX FM 295 and Carson County Road CC (Western Avenue), and gains", "id": "294168" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 in New York\n\n\n6 and 202 closely parallel I-84 to the north, between the freeway and one of the upper basins of East Branch Reservoir, part of New York City's water supply system. The northern terminus of NY 121 lets eastbound traffic on and westbound traffic off. Two miles (3.2 km) to the east, Signs appear for Saw Mill Road, exit 1 on Connecticut's stretch of I-84, and its ramps leave the highway just a hundred feet (30 m) before the state line. The route of I-84 through the", "id": "995373" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 34\n\n\nLegion Avenue, later becoming South Frontage Road (former Oak Street), while westbound Route 34 uses North Frontage Road. The eastbound section running along Legion Avenue and South Frontage Road (1.03 miles) is town-maintained. The corresponding westbound section along North Frontage Road is officially designated as State Road 706 but is signed as Route 34 West. Route 34 then continues along the Oak Street Connector, a six-lane freeway that connects to I-91 and I-95. The freeway portion has two westbound exits and three eastbound entrances,", "id": "5492586" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nfor BL-40, because south of this intersection is an approach to a westbound on-eastbound off wye interchange with I-40. Immediately after this intersection, BL-40 ends at an eastbound on-westbound off wye interchange with I-40. The Clinton business loop of Interstate 40 is the fourth business route of I-40 in Oklahoma, running from exit 65 to exit 69, although only part of the route runs along former US 66. The route begins at exit 65, which is an eastbound flyover with no re-entry, and a westbound", "id": "294183" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nand maintenance facility, and then leaves the frontage road at the on ramp to eastbound I-40, where it meets its terminus. The frontage roads along both sides of I-40 continue through three more interchanges before crossing the Texas-Oklahoma State Line. The Erick business loop of Interstate 40 is the first business route of I-40 in Oklahoma. It begins on exit 5 (Honeyfarm Drive) and runs south into North 1720th Road until that street ends at a four-lane divided highway known as East 1240th Road (former Route 66)", "id": "294176" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 542\n\n\nRoute 542 (also known as Ferguson Road) is a state road in northern Connecticut. It is contained inside the town of Vernon. It runs from Route 533 to Route 541. Route 542 begins at Route 543 (Tunnel Road) in the central portion of the town of Vernon. It then heads east for about before intersecting with exit 66 on Interstate 84 (I-84}. Only travelers on westbound I-84 can exit onto Route 542, and that travelers on Route 542 can only get onto westbound I-84. About from the", "id": "1160744" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 71\n\n\nas it intersects West Main Street. While southbound traffic may continue from West Main Street onto Cook Avenue, northbound traffic must turn right onto Hanover Street, then left onto South Grove Street, and left onto West Main Street to continue. Once reunited, Route 71 proceeds west on West Main Street before turning north onto Chamberlain Highway. It then crosses I-691 at Exit 5, with access to and from the west. It then crosses into Berlin, passing the eastern end of Route 364 before turning northeast as the Chamberlain Highway becomes", "id": "18857060" }, { "contents": "Interstate 91\n\n\nparallels the river, never more than from its shore. I-91 then enters the Hartford city limits. In Hartford, I-91 it has a set of interchanges with US 5/Route 15 (Wilbur Cross Highway), which provides access from I-91 north to I-84 east, and from I-84 west to I-91 south via the Charter Oak Bridge. I-91 then has an interchange with I-84, where all other movements to and from I-84 take place. Before leaving the city limits, an HOV lane begins that has its own set of interchanges", "id": "8976772" }, { "contents": "Interstate 210 (Louisiana)\n\n\nShip Channel. At the southeastern end of the bridge, the highway meets with exit 3, Prien Lake Road, eastbound. I-210 heads east through Lake Charles, turning 90 degrees at exit 8, LA 14/Gerstner Memorial Drive. The highway then heads north towards its eastern terminus with I-10 just east of Lake Charles. Though portions of the freeway run north-south, the entire route is signed east-west. All of I-210 is included as part of the National Highway System, a system of roadways important to", "id": "2671252" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 95 in California\n\n\nChemehuevi Mountains before entering the city of Needles after several miles. After passing the Needles Municipal Airport, US 95 merges onto I-40 westbound and continues through Needles on the freeway. US 95 exits from I-40 west of Needles and continues northwest to Searchlight Junction, where US 95 continues north at the junction with the old routing of US 66. The highway continues north, east of Homer Mountain, to the Nevada state line. US 95 is part of the California Freeway and Expressway System, and a small portion near I-10 and the", "id": "21402148" }, { "contents": "Interstate 66\n\n\nInterstate 66 (I-66) is an Interstate Highway in the eastern United States. As indicated by its even route number, it runs in an east–west direction. Its current western terminus is near Middletown, Virginia, at an interchange with I-81; its eastern terminus is in Washington, D.C., at an interchange with U.S. Route 29. Because of its terminus in the Shenandoah Valley, the highway was once called the \"Shenandoah Freeway.\" Much of the route parallels U.S. Route 29 or Virginia State Route 55. Interstate", "id": "9038774" }, { "contents": "Interstate 95 in Connecticut\n\n\nof around 150,000 throughout the entire length between the New York state line and the junction with I-91 in New Haven. The Turnpike intersects with several major expressways, namely US 7 at Exit 15 in Norwalk, Route 8 and Route 25 at Exit 27A in Bridgeport (quickest way to I-84 from southwest CT), the Merritt and Wilbur Cross Parkways at Exit 38 (via the Milford Parkway) in Milford, and Interstate 91 at Exit 48 in New Haven. North (east) of I-91, the Turnpike continues along the Connecticut", "id": "5620386" }, { "contents": "Missouri Route 96\n\n\nRoute 96 was redesignated as Route YY west of Route 171 when Kansas deleted the eastern part of K-96. Route 96 begins at a partial interchange with Interstate 44 (I-44) just west of Halltown (there is no access to westbound I-44 or from eastbound I-44). The highway is a two-lane road and is relatively straight all the way to Carthage. Approximately west of I-44 is the western terminus of Route 266. Approximately further west, Route 96 is joined by Historic Route 66. At Albatross, is an intersection", "id": "11824778" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nI-40, and the former segment of US 66 along the north side continues as one of the two I-40 frontage roads. The Amarillo business loop of Interstate 40 begins at I-40 exit 62A just west of Amarillo. The highway was formerly a business route for Route 66, being that highway's only bannered route in Texas. Bus. I-40 D is known locally as Amarillo Boulevard and is the longest buisness route of Interstate 40. Bus. I-40 D begins at Interstate 40 exit 62A just west of Amarillo near Cadillac Ranch. The", "id": "294164" }, { "contents": "Interstate 540 and North Carolina Highway 540\n\n\nto the Western Wake Freeway and future Southern and Eastern Wake Freeways. As of January 2013, the North Carolina state route traverses east–west from I-40, in Durham County to NC 55, in Holly Springs. Initially intended to be signed as an extension of the I-540 loop, the first section of the route bears mile markers and exit numbers for the complete Interstate loop, going from 66 to 69. In Mid-2012, this section of the beltway became part of the Triangle Expressway. No portion of I-540 is tolled.", "id": "6204061" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 229\n\n\nRoute 229 is a state highway in the western Greater Hartford area of the U.S. state of Connecticut. It runs north–south from Interstate 84 in Southington to U.S. Route 6 in Bristol. Along the way, it intersects Route 72 in the Forestville section of Bristol. Route 229 nominally begins at the end of the eastbound Exit 31 off-ramp of I-84 in western Southington, heading northward along West Street. State maintenance and the official southern end of Route 229 actually begins about south of the off-ramp. West Street", "id": "7429975" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nwhich focuses on the roads former status as Route 66. The commercial strip ends after a dirt road named North Tennessee Street. \"Route 66\" splits from East 12th Street at an intersection that's another connecting road to the eastbound off-ramp of Exit 164, the then runs over the overpass above I-40 to turn right at the frontage road along the westbound lanes leading to the western beginning of the business loop. Eastbound Business Interstate Route 40-J narrows down to a two-lane undivided highway before passing by a TxDOT construction", "id": "294175" }, { "contents": "Highway revolts in the United States\n\n\nInterstate 291 beltway west of Interstate 91, the proposed Interstate 484 expressway through the downtown, and the proposed Interstate 284 expressway between East Hartford and South Windsor, and Interstate 491 from Wethersfield to Manchester. After these freeways were cancelled, the State of Connecticut used the funds allocated for their construction to rebuild and expand existing freeways in the Greater Hartford area. In 1992 the Route 9 Expressway was extended north from I-91 in New Britain to Interstate 84 in Farmington, completing what would have been the southwest quadrant of the I-291 beltway;", "id": "256037" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 in Connecticut\n\n\nthe northern end of the Route 15 expressway, it inherits the Wilbur Cross Highway name for the rest of its length. From 1968 until 1984, the I-84 designation ended here, and the highway became I-86 for the rest of its length, as I-84 was once planned to be built east toward Providence, Rhode Island. I-84 intersects one of the remnants of the abandoned project, I-384, as part of a series of complex interchanges in Manchester including the end of the US 6 concurrency at exit 60, and a connection to", "id": "14727152" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nfrontage roads along the westbound lanes leading to the western beginning of the business loop, and an unorthodox roadside attraction known as the Leaning Tower of Texas. Business Interstate Route 40-F ends at the on ramp to eastbound I-40, as does the divided former US 66, which is converted back into the frontage road along the eastbound lanes of I-40. The McLean business loop of Interstate 40 runs from exit 141 to 143. Officially designated as Business Interstate 40-H by the Texas Department of Transportation, it begins at I-40 at an eastbound flyover", "id": "294170" }, { "contents": "Maryland Route 53\n\n\nstate highway then meets its northern terminus at an intersection with US 40 Alternate in La Vale. Access to westbound I-68 is provided a short distance to the east on US 40 Alternate. MD 53 is part of US 220 Truck, which provides access from Interstate 68 (I-68) west of La Vale to southbound US 220 for trucks due to a truck prohibition on the eastbound exit ramp for I-68's interchange with US 220. The state highway is part of the main National Highway System from US 220 to I-68; in addition", "id": "11898711" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 84\n\n\nend street at the truck stop along the aforementioned frontage road. Interstate 84 Business was a business loop of I-84 along in Morgan, Utah. It ran north along Utah State Route 66 at Exit 103 (State Street) to East 600th Street running along the north side of I-84 until the former westbound-off-ramp and eastbound on-ramp that was once westbound Exit 103 until the mid-1990s. Interstate 84 Business was a business loop of I-84 along in Henefer, Utah. It ran southeast along the southwest side of I-84", "id": "6061978" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 5 in Connecticut\n\n\nStreet becomes Broad Street after the intersection with Hall Avenue as it passes by the eastern part of the city, avoiding the downtown area. Past Olive Street, the road becomes divided with a wide grassy median. At the north end of the divided section, it has an intersection with East Main Street, the main east–west business route through the city. About north of East Main Street, US 5 has an interchange with I-691 (at exit 8). At the intersection with Brittania Street, the road becomes North Broad", "id": "5428414" }, { "contents": "Interstate 91\n\n\nthe river can also be easily accessed in this stretch. At exit 19 is the northern terminus of I-93, a major interstate highway in New England, which provides a direct route south through the White Mountains and to almost all major cities in New Hampshire. Just after exit 19, there are three exits for St. Johnsbury, including a major intersection with US 2. Along westbound US 2, the capital of Vermont, Montpelier, is eventually reached from I-91, although I-89 provides Montpelier with immediate Interstate access. I-91 continues northward", "id": "8976783" }, { "contents": "Massachusetts Turnpike\n\n\nand the seventh-longest gap between exits in the entire Interstate Highway System. The highest elevation on the turnpike exists in The Berkshires, reaching above sea level in Becket; this point is also the highest elevation on I-90 east of South Dakota. Beyond the peak elevation and between the exits, an eastbound runaway truck ramp exists in Russell. The turnpike has an interchange with I-91 and US 5 at exit 4 in West Springfield; it passes over the Connecticut River before reaching Route 33 at exit 5 and I-291 at exit 6", "id": "8595595" }, { "contents": "County Route 66 (California)\n\n\ncrossing paths with the freeway again at Fenner, before heading east on Goffs Road to the junction with US 95. Next, CR 66 cosigns along US 95 south to the junction with I-40, where both the US and county routes cosign with I-40 heading east towards Needles. CR 66 exits the freeway at River Road Cutoff, where it immediately turns onto National Trails Highway after exiting. The route follows National Trails Highway to its end on River Road, then begins its southeast journey into downtown Needles. After an interchange with I-40", "id": "21979064" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 (Pennsylvania–Massachusetts)\n\n\n. This section has many left-hand exits and entrances and sharp curves, which were built for a planned network of freeways. I-84 heads northeast towards New Britain and Hartford, the state capital and the largest community along its eastern length. After intersecting Interstate 91, the road crosses the Connecticut River on the Bulkeley Bridge, oldest on the Interstate system, then becomes the Wilbur Cross Highway and continues towards the northeast. The last exit in Connecticut is Exit 74, an exit for Route 171. I-84 crosses the Massachusetts border", "id": "12185439" }, { "contents": "Rhode Island Route 4\n\n\n. After exit 7, Route 4 continues northward as a six-lane expressway, passing farmlands to the west and entering a suburban region of East Greenwich. The highway crosses under an overpass at Middle Road before interchanging with Route 401, the freeway's final spur, at another partial cloverleaf interchange. Exit 8 is also used to access Route 2 and I-95 south, which has no direct freeway connection with Route 4 north. Shortly after exit 8, the Route 4 designation ends and the mainline of the highway defaults onto I-95", "id": "14737226" }, { "contents": "Cromwell, Connecticut\n\n\nis land and (4.03%) is water. A major north/south highway, Interstate 91, with two Cromwell exits, runs through the Town. The Central Connecticut Expressway (Route 9), opened at the end of 1989, enhances the Town's location as it connects I-95 in Old Saybrook, I-91 in Cromwell and I-84, the State's major east/west highway in New Britain. As of the census of 2010, there were 14,005 people, 5,212 households, and 3,262 families residing in the town.", "id": "17977773" }, { "contents": "Interstate 190 (South Dakota)\n\n\n16 westbound goes east on Omaha Street and eastbound runs north concurrently with I-190. I-190 then becomes a freeway, with an exit to North Street. I-190 then passes under Anamosa Street before an on-ramp from the northbound lanes of West Boulevard. Both US 16 and I-190 then terminate at a trumpet interchange with I-90/US 14/SD 79. Legally, the route of I-190 is defined at South Dakota Codified Laws § 31-4-203. I-190 was opened in 1962 to connect Rapid City to the recently completed", "id": "2672231" }, { "contents": "Interstate 210 and State Route 210 (California)\n\n\nfor the interchange between State Route 57 and the Foothill Freeway, Interstate 210. The \"curve\" portion refers to the interchange from the northbound lanes of State Route 57 to the westbound lanes of I-210, and from the eastbound lanes of I-210 to the southbound lanes of State Route 57. The origin of the name comes from its location in the city of Glendora. Prior to 2002, this interchange was entirely part of I-210, and the eastern terminus of I-210 ended several miles south of the curve at the Kellogg Interchange at", "id": "2671217" }, { "contents": "Interstate 78 in New Jersey\n\n\nEntering more commercial areas, Route 173 merges onto I-78/US 22 at exit 13. At exit 15, the highway interchanges with CR 513, and Route 173 splits from I-78/US 22 by heading north on CR 513. At this point, the freeway enters Franklin Township briefly at exit 15 and then enters Clinton where it crosses the South Branch Raritan River. I-78/US 22 turns northeast and leaves Clinton for Clinton Township, where it has an eastbound exit and westbound entrance for Route 173 that also provides access to", "id": "16353900" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 15\n\n\nlimits, the business route veers onto Center Street and follows that through the center of town. At the north end of the city, I-15 Bus. turns west and runs concurrently with US 30 to its northern end at I-15 Exit 47. Interstate 15 Business runs for exactly through Inkom in northern Bannock County. I-15 Bus. mostly follows Old Highway 91 between Exits 57 and 58, a pair of partial interchanges. Interstate 15 Business spans through Pocatello in northern Bannock County. I-15 Bus. begins at I-15 Exit 67, where", "id": "15434019" }, { "contents": "Interstate 10 in California\n\n\nI-10 down Interstate 5 between the East LA Interchange and the Santa Monica Freeway, negating a section of the San Bernardino Freeway west of I-5. This short section of Route 10 between Route 5 and Route 101, which was formerly defined as Route 110 (signed as Interstate 110) until 1968, is signed overhead for I-10 eastbound and for U.S. 101 westbound. This I-5/I-10 cosigning is consistent with the Federal Highway Administration's Interstate Highway route logs that such an overlap exists for the segment of I-10 in California. I-10 is", "id": "10298840" }, { "contents": "Nevada State Route 425\n\n\ncenter of Verdi, then southeast to its terminus at the I-80 East Verdi interchange (Exit 5). Although designated a state route and an Interstate business route, there are no route shields posted along the highway itself. The I-80 business route extends beyond the end of SR 425. From the highway's western terminus, I-80 Business follows Gold Ranch Road an additional south to end at an I-80 westbound onramp. The highway originally carried State Route 1 and later U.S. Route 40 on its trek west from Reno over Donner Pass towards", "id": "5840323" }, { "contents": "Interstate 516\n\n\ncurrent western terminus of I-516. In 1985, the entire highway from its then-current western terminus at Burnsed Blvd to Montgomery Street was designated as I-516. The freeway portion was extended westward to the interchange with SR 25 (Burnsed Blvd) and eastward to the current eastern terminus. Also US 17/SR 25 and US 80/SR 26 were re-routed along the freeway, from the West Bay Street exit to the Ogeechee Road exit. In 1995, US 17 had a major re-routing through the city", "id": "10860994" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 15\n\n\nState Route 28. Interstate 15 Business is a Business loop of Interstate 15 in Bringham City, and is also concurrent with Business Loop 84. It runs from an interchange at Exit 362 on I-15/84 at first along U.S. Route 91 to the intersection with U.S. Route 89 and UT 13. US 91 continues east along US 89, while BL 15/84 turns left to go north along UT 13 (South Main Street). Further in town, the road serves as the west end of Utah State Route 90. At Forest Street,", "id": "15434015" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 95 in Nevada\n\n\nthe Henderson Spaghetti Bowl (also known as the Hender-Bender) interchange of Interstate 215 and SR 564 and Interstate 515 begins. The freeway then heads west into Downtown Las Vegas, where it intersects Interstate 15. At the Spaghetti Bowl interchange, US 93 follows I-15 northbound and I-515 ends. US 95 heads west, then north at the Rainbow Curve. The freeway portion then ends at Corn Creek Road northwest of the Las Vegas Valley and then it becomes a brief four-lane divided highway. US 95 exits Clark County", "id": "7359006" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 15\n\n\nwhen it turns east onto Alameda Road, which becomes Pocatello Creek Road when it veers northeast to the business route's terminus at I-15 Exit 71. Interstate 15 Business has a length of through Blackfoot in central Bingham County. I-15 Bus. begins at I-15 Exit 89 near the northern end of the Fort Hall Indian Reservation and follows US 91 northeast parallel to the Union Pacific Railroad. The highways cross the Blackfoot River into the city of Blackfoot along Broadway Street. In downtown Blackfoot, the routes veer onto Main Street, then I-15", "id": "15434021" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 50 in Maryland\n\n\neastbound exit. Following this interchange, US 50 passes office parks and industrial development in New Carrollton. The highway reaches a hybrid turbine interchange with I-95/I-495, the Capital Beltway. At the I-95/I-495 interchange, the US 50 freeway becomes part of the Interstate Highway System as I-595, which is an unsigned highway. The road heads east as an ten-lane freeway, with the left lane in each direction designated as a high-occupancy vehicle lane (HOV lane). The freeway passes near residential development and", "id": "21110676" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nloop of Interstate 40 is the third business route of I-40 in Oklahoma. It runs northeast along former US 66 from eastbound exit 32 and turns east after the beginning of an overlap with OK 6 that runs along the route until OK 6 turns south at North Main Street. From there it snakes through the northeastern part of the city and after the intersection with OK 34 finally terminates with I-40 at westbound exit 41. The route begins at a left exit in a wye interchange with Interstate 40, which also serves as a connection", "id": "294180" }, { "contents": "Iowa Highway 330\n\n\nused as a connector between Des Moines and the Waterloo–Cedar Falls area. Iowa 330 begins at an interchange with Interstate 80 (I-80), U.S. Route 6 (US 6), and US 65 in Altoona. The I-80 freeway runs east–west; US 6 comes up from the southwest along Hubbell Avenue and joins eastbound I-80 while US 65 exits eastbound I-80 and turns onto Hubbell heading northeast. For the first of its routing, Iowa 330 shares the same roadway with US 65. The two routes head northeast on", "id": "10381823" }, { "contents": "Interstate 180 (Pennsylvania)\n\n\nat an interchange with U.S. Route 15 and U.S. Route 220. The highway begins its signage, concurrent along these routes. At exit 27A, US 15 leaves the overlap running south across the Carl E. Stotz Memorial Little League Bridge and I-180 continues eastward, still concurrent with US 220 northbound. From there, I-180 runs along the West Branch Susquehanna River until the highway reaches the eastern suburbs of Williamsport, where US 220 leaves the Interstate via exit 15. From US 220 to the eastern terminus, I-180 is aligned north–south", "id": "4494305" }, { "contents": "Interstate 76 (Ohio–New Jersey)\n\n\nJersey. After I-76 reaches its eastern terminus, the freeway continues as Route 42 and the Atlantic City Expressway to Atlantic City. I-76 begins at I-71 at exit 209, east of Lodi, Ohio; U.S. Route 224 (US 224) continues west from the end of I-76. The interchange was previously a double trumpet, but was reconstructed in 2010. Officially, I-76 begins at the beginning of the ramp from I-71 north; it merges with US 224 at mile 0.61. After passing through rural Medina County, I-76 enters Summit", "id": "12185505" }, { "contents": "Interstate 215 (Utah)\n\n\ninterchange features a grade-separated ramp from northbound 2000 East to eastbound I-215. Past this junction, another interchange at Union Park Avenue appears. Another grade-separated ramp from Union Park Avenue is present. The freeway enters Murray as an interchange serving westbound motorists connects to 280 East and State Street (U.S. Route 89, or US-89). Eastbound travelers connect to State Street further west at a separate exit. The road turns northwest for a short time to approach a junction at I-15 (often called the South Interchange).", "id": "9551591" }, { "contents": "List of state routes in Connecticut\n\n\n. Routes are signed state highways and are assigned numbers from 1 to 399 (with the exception of I-684 and I-691). All state, U.S. and Interstate highways are part of the same numbering system. In 1926, the U.S. highway system was implemented. U.S. Routes 1, 5, 6, and 7 were used as designations on several primary state highways, replacing New England routes 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. The other New England routes that were not re-designated as U.S. routes became ordinary", "id": "5492536" }, { "contents": "Interstate 291 (Massachusetts)\n\n\ndirectly through highly populated areas of Springfield, and passes under several overpasses. From its southwestern terminus to exit 5A, Interstate 291 is concurrent with U.S. Route 20. I-291 is only from Interstate 291 in Connecticut, and there are no intervening Interstate Highway interchanges between them. It can be easy for travelers to become confused between the two highways. Interstate 291 begins as a spur of Interstate 91 at Exit 8 in Springfield, concurrent with U.S. 20, which merges from the north. The two entry ramps from I-91 merge with each", "id": "1778230" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 15\n\n\nprovides access to the end of the Sprinter commuter train line. Shortly thereafter, I-15 Business intersects County Route S14, and then interchanges with State Route 78. The interchange is the last interchange on the 78 before its freeway status ends, and there are only ramps for a westbound entrance or eastbound exit. Continuing north, I-15 Business intersects with El Norte Parkway, a major arterial road, before reconnecting with Interstate 15 at I-15 exit 34 near the northern city limits of Escondido. Though the street itself continues northward well on into", "id": "15434009" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 9\n\n\nSaybrook to I-91 in Cromwell is known as the \"Chester Bowles Highway\". The section from I-91 in Cromwell to Exit 24 in Berlin is known as the \"Korean War Veterans Memorial Highway\". The section from Route 72 in New Britain to Route 175 in Newington is known as the \"Taras Shevchenko Expressway\". The section from Route 175 in Newington to the junction with I-84 is known as the \"Iwo Jima Memorial Expressway\". The road connecting Deep River (then known as Saybrook) and Wethersfield along the west", "id": "15881247" }, { "contents": "Colorado State Highway 74\n\n\nthe Evergreen Parkway segment to four lanes and constructing an interchange with I-70. SH 74 begins at an interchange with I-70 in El Rancho. Ramps from I-70 westbound branch off the freeway's exit 252 from the north side and cross the highway southwestward. Access to SH 74 from I-70 eastbound is provided via U.S. Highway 40 (US 40) a slight distance to the west. From I-70, the roadway heads southwesterly through El Rancho, meeting an intersection with US 40 (Swede Gulch Road). The route heads westward before turning", "id": "12873578" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 84\n\n\nsoutheast corner of that intersection, and the contemporary but still traditional Brigham City Utah Temple on the southwest corner. UT 13 ends at the southern terminus of the overlap of US 89/91, and BL-15/84 makes a sharp right turn along southbound US 91, while South Main Street is taken over by southbound US 89. US 91/BL-15/84 runs west along West 1100th Street South. BL-15/84 ends at Exit 362, a diverging diamond interchange with I-15/84, while West 1100th Street South continues into the I-15 frontage road, and becomes a dead", "id": "6061977" }, { "contents": "Interstate 384\n\n\naccess to I-384 is provided through a complex interchange that also provides access from Pleasant Valley Road near Buckland Hills Mall and from I-291. I-384's first exit is for Spencer Street. The eastbound ramp is on the I-384 mainline, while the westbound ramp comes from a split in the I-84 interchange ramp. Just east of the Spencer Street overpass, the ramp from westbound I-84 joins the I-384 mainline and the HOV lane becomes a conventional lane. I-384 continues along the southern part of Manchester. It has one interchange before it intersects Route", "id": "10503365" }, { "contents": "Interstate 78 in New Jersey\n\n\ninto Springfield Township. The freeway passes near First Watchung Mountain before coming to the Route 24 interchange, where suburban development becomes more dense. At Route 24, I-78 divides into local and express lanes, with three express and three local lanes eastbound and two express and three local lanes westbound. In this section of the highway, most access is via the local lanes, though the next exit for Route 124 includes a direct westbound onramp to the express lanes. Before Route 124, I-78 briefly runs east through Millburn in Essex County", "id": "16353906" }, { "contents": "California State Route 237\n\n\n85. Westbound traffic can connect to Route 85 southbound, but the eastbound traffic connection to Route 85 northbound is labeled as an exit for U.S. 101. Route 237 intersects with Highway 101 at the southern corner of Moffett Field. After this intersection, a carpool lane is added, for a total of three lanes in either direction. It remains like this until the east end of the freeway at Interstate 880, where most eastbound traffic is directed to northbound I-880. The route then becomes a city street (an arterial road)", "id": "9003349" }, { "contents": "Massachusetts Route 141\n\n\nas Easthampton Road, crossing roads south of Mount Tom. Crossing through the Rock Valley section of Holyoke, the highway passes south of the Whiting Reservoir and Wyckoff Country Club, entering the Smiths Valley section. Through Smiths Valley, Route 141 runs southeast through a residential neighborhood, reaching a ramp to Interstate 91 southbound (I-91 exit 17). After another turn, the route crosses into a trumpet interchange with I-91 northbound, becoming a one-way couplet through downtown Holyoke. Route 141 eastbound runs along Dwight Street while Route 141", "id": "2532205" }, { "contents": "Interstate 295 (Delaware–Pennsylvania)\n\n\nof Penndel. Following this interchange, the freeway runs south-southeast near suburban residential areas as it heads west of Levittown. I-295 enters Bristol Township and terminates at an interchange with I-95 at I-276 (Pennsylvania Turnpike). At this interchange, I-295 merges into southbound I-95, with access from westbound I-295 to southbound I-95 and from northbound I-95 to eastbound I-295; there are no ramps connecting I-295 and the Pennsylvania Turnpike. In the 1927 New Jersey state highway renumbering, Route 39 was legislated to begin at the Yardley–Wilburtha Bridge", "id": "9627779" }, { "contents": "James River Freeway\n\n\n. The portion of the James River Freeway between I-44 and the interchange with US 60 and Route 413 is designated as Route 360. Other than its endpoints, there is only one interchange on the route: Route MM in Brookline (now part of Republic). Exit markers for the highway mark the road as the James River Freeway and have no control cities, only \"To Route 60\" eastbound and \"To I-44\" westbound. The control cities between US 60 and US 65 are Republic westbound and Rogersville eastbound. At", "id": "6615288" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 6 in Rhode Island\n\n\nturns south on the I-295 collector/distributor roads to the west end of that freeway. The south interchange of US 6 and I-295 has numerous ramp stubs once intended for a western continuation of the Roberts Expressway as Interstate 84. The six-lane Roberts Expressway has interchanges with Route 5, U.S. Route 6A, Route 128, and US 6A again on its way to Olneyville. It crosses from Johnston into Providence just west of the bridge over Route 128. At the second US 6A interchange, the older Olneyville Bypass begins,", "id": "21794194" }, { "contents": "Flatbush Avenue Connector\n\n\nstate proposed the corridor as the Cedar Ridge Connector with no number, leading from its current terminus at I-84 to U.S. 5/Route 15 in Wethersfield. The short expressway planned to include an interchange with a planned but cancelled Route 71 expressway leading to New Britain. Circa 2015, the viaduct carrying the northbound ramp to Eastbound I-84 was removed, and a new alignment adjacent to the southbound off ramp from Westbound I-84 was built. Exit 45 is currently an incomplete interchange, with ramps only for I-84 westbound to SR 504 (left", "id": "5839909" }, { "contents": "Interstate 195 (New Jersey)\n\n\ndesignation west and south, along existing I-95 instead. I-195's western terminus is at a modified cloverleaf interchange with I-295 in Hamilton Township, Mercer County, located southeast of the city of Trenton. From this end, the freeway continues north into Trenton as Route 29. I-195 serves as the southern continuation of Route 29, continuing east from I-295 as a six-lane expressway, passing between suburban neighborhoods to the north and the Crosswicks Creek to the south. After the exit for US 206, the highway narrows to four lanes", "id": "14760197" }, { "contents": "Massachusetts Route 25\n\n\nRoute 25 west mainline onto Route 495 north, with the right-hand lane serving I-195 via Exit 1. From I-195, Route 25 east is accessible via Exit 22A; I-195 terminates at the interchange. Interstate 495 also terminates at its junction with Route 25; the two southbound lanes of I-495 default onto Route 25 east. After the interchange with I-195 and I-495, Route 25 begins to head in a southeastern direction into the town of Wareham as a six-lane freeway. The route passes under Tihonet Road and through Maple", "id": "18239659" }, { "contents": "California State Route 56\n\n\ncompleted in 1995 after several lawsuits filed by the Sierra Club and other community groups. The two ends were not connected until the middle portion of the freeway was completed in 2004. The delay was largely due to funding issues and environmental concerns. Eastbound SR 56 begins as a ramp from the northbound I-5's local bypass lanes. The interchange is not complete; southbound I-5 traffic must exit to Carmel Valley Road before entering SR 56. Westbound traffic on SR 56 merges into the southbound I-5 local bypass lanes, which provide access to", "id": "2729277" }, { "contents": "Utah State Route 161\n\n\nState Route 161 (SR-161) is a long state highway, designated as a rural major connector, completely within Millard County in central Utah. The highway connects Interstate 70 (I-70) to I-15 while providing service to historic Cove Fort. The route was once part of U.S. Route 91 (US-91), but was renumbered to SR-161 in the 1970s, in parallel with the construction of I-70. Located entirely in southeastern Millard County, SR-161 starts at a diamond interchange with the westernmost exit on I-70 before it terminates at I-15.", "id": "14472451" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 in Connecticut\n\n\nbrief concurrency with Route 72 to the New Britain city line. From the Route 72 junction through Farmington, West Hartford, and into Hartford, I-84 has many left-hand exits and entrances and sharp curves, which were built for a planned network of freeways. In Farmington, US 6 joins I-84 once again at exit 38, and both meet the northern end of the Route 9 expressway at a half-used multi-level stack interchange that was originally planned to be part of the mostly-cancelled I-291 Hartford Beltway.", "id": "14727150" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 40\n\n\nan interchange. Route 40 begins from northbound I-91 in North Haven as the Exit 10 off-ramp. The designation runs for along the exit ramp. The expressway then proceeds northwest and is joined by on-ramps from Bailey Road and southbound I-91. The I-91 interchange includes an overpass over the Quinnipiac River and railroad tracks. About past the I-91 interchange, the road crosses over another set of railroad tracks, then has an interchange with U.S. Route 5. Access to and from US 5 is via Dixwell Avenue (SR 717", "id": "15644232" }, { "contents": "Interstate 695 (District of Columbia)\n\n\nsome remaining \"To I-395\" signage can still be found along I-695 westbound. The new signs designate I-695 as extending from the point where I-395 branches off from the Southeast Freeway, with I-695 continuing along the Southeast Freeway and over the new 11th Street Bridge to the interchange with I-295. However, some commentators contend the new signage is confusing and that the Southeast Freeway is often confused with Baltimore's Beltway, a highway with the same route designation. The entire route is in Washington, D.C. Exits were unnumbered until July 2014.", "id": "13815020" }, { "contents": "California State Route 91\n\n\nState Route 91 (SR 91) is a major east–west state highway in the U.S. state of California that serves several regions of the Greater Los Angeles urban area. A freeway throughout its entire length, it officially runs from Vermont Avenue in Gardena, just west of the junction with the Harbor Freeway (Interstate 110, I-110), east to Riverside at the junction with the Pomona (SR 60 west of SR 91) and Moreno Valley (SR 60 and I-215 east of SR 91) freeways. Though signs along", "id": "4945631" }, { "contents": "Tennessee State Route 182\n\n\nState Route 182 (abbreviated SR 182) is a secondary state highway in western Dyer County, Tennessee. This route is primarily rural in nature throughout its length. The first of SR 182 from its southern terminus with SR 104 to Interstate 155 is a modern two-lane facility with a speed limit. I-155 ended at Exit 7 during the 1970s and this section of SR 182 also served as a temporary link to SR 104 for eastbound motorists until the freeway was completed to Exit 15. SR 182 north of I-155 to its", "id": "12693771" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 4 in New Hampshire\n\n\nI-93 southbound, and runs along the freeway until Exit 15E in Concord. At this interchange, US-4 leaves I-93 and joins Interstate 393 and U.S. Route 202 which run eastbound out of the city. The two U.S. routes overlap I-393 to its terminus in the northern corner of Pembroke. I-393 then ends, and US-4/US-202 merge onto Route 9 eastbound through Chichester and into Epsom. The road crosses Route 28 at the Epsom Traffic Circle, then continues east and intersects Route 107, forming a long four-route concurrency into Northwood", "id": "19470164" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 9\n\n\nriver, it passes through the towns of Essex, Deep River, Chester, Haddam, and Middletown). After its junction with Interstate 91 in Cromwell, Route 9 continues westward then northward, running through the Hartford area towns/cities of Berlin, New Britain, Newington, and Farmington. At the junction with I-84/US 6 near the Farmington - West Hartford town line, Route 9 follows the ramps for eastbound I-84 and ends at the merge with I-84 immediately after crossing the town line. Route 9 has a non", "id": "15881245" }, { "contents": "Maryland Route 32\n\n\nCSX line) and several industrial parks in Annapolis Junction. MD 32 continues northwest into Savage, where the highway has a cloverleaf interchange with US 1 (Washington Boulevard) that includes collector-distributor lanes in both directions. North of Savage, the freeway has a partial cloverleaf interchange with I-95 that has a pair of left-exiting ramps from westbound MD 32 to southbound I-95 and from eastbound MD 32 to northbound I-95; because of these left exits, I-95 is configured differently in that its southbound lanes pass under MD 32 and", "id": "8470347" }, { "contents": "Interstate 95 in Massachusetts\n\n\nto eight lanes. Then the highway passes through Newton, then enters Weston and has a large interchange with the Massachusetts Turnpike (I-90) that provides connections to nearby Route 30. There is a fourth lane after the interchange with Route 9. Exits 23, 24, and 25 are one combined exit northbound. I-95 and Route 128 are due west of Boston at this point and begin to turn to the northeast, serving the city of Waltham and the town of Lexington along the way. The freeway has an interchange with Route", "id": "18993893" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 372\n\n\nthe Mattabesset River, intersecting I-91 at Exit 21. It then widens to 4 lanes, and intersects the northern end of Route 217. Farther east, it crosses Route 3 before meeting Route 9 once again at Exit 19. It then turns southeast to at an intersection with Route 99 at the Cromwell town center. Route 72 was established in the 1932 state highway renumbering between Route 66 in Middletown and Route 10 Plainville. By the beginning of 1963, after the implementation of the 1962 Route Reclassification Act, Route 72 was extended", "id": "8495485" }, { "contents": "Interstate 664\n\n\nhas a connection to Portsmouth through Virginia State Route 164 (SR 164) and to Suffolk via U.S. Route 13, US 58, and US 460. I-664 begins at a full Y interchange with I-64 and I-264 that serves as the terminus of all three Interstates in the Bowers Hill section of the city of Chesapeake. I-64 heads southeast as a continuation of the Hampton Roads Beltway through Chesapeake while I-264 heads east toward Portsmouth and Norfolk. I-664 heads west as an eight-lane freeway that has a southbound-only exit ramp to", "id": "13145352" }, { "contents": "Virginia State Route 194\n\n\ncloverleaf interchange with I-64 (Hampton Roads Beltway) that only contains ramps in the northeast and southwest quadrants of the interchange. Northbound SR 194 has an exit ramp to and an entrance ramp from westbound I-64. Southbound SR 194 has an exit ramp to and an entrance ramp from eastbound I-64. The missing connections with I-64 are made via SR 247 to the south and SR 165 (Little Creek Road) to the north of the Interstate. North of SR 165, SR 194 becomes a four-lane divided highway north to its", "id": "19152409" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nalphabetic values to allow for future system expansion. The alphabetic naming suffixes are included as small letters on the bottom of reassurance shields. The Glenrio business spur of Interstate 40 begins at I-40 on exit 0 just east of the New Mexico-Texas state line. The highway runs south from the interchange towards Former route 66, then turns west along that decommissioned route where it terminates at the Texas-New Mexico State Line. The Adrian business loop of Interstate 40 begins at I-40 at exit 22 and runs along Former route 66 to", "id": "294158" }, { "contents": "Vermont Route 103\n\n\nand slightly better road across the Green Mountains to Rutland, it is a direct east–west road intersecting Interstate 91 significantly north of the diagonal 103. Numerous proposals to widen 103 into a two-lane freeway or similar limited-access roadway have failed, even though a substantial power company right of way shadows the road for much of its length. VT 103 begins at U.S. Route 5 in Rockingham just east of Interstate 91 and just north of Bellows Falls. From there, it interchanges with I-91 at exit 6 and proceeds", "id": "13506058" } ]

[ { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\nInterstate 691 (I-691) is a portion of the Interstate Highway System in Connecticut beginning at Interstate 91 in Meriden and ending at Interstate 84 near the Cheshire-Southington town line. It is in length, including of the exit ramp to the merge with westbound I-84. I-691 is also known as the Henry D. Altobello Highway for its entire length. I-691 is the main east–west highway of the city of Meriden. The freeway actually begins in Middlefield as Route 66, technically becoming I-691 at the junction with I-91 (Exit", "id": "767379" }, { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\n11). However, westbound signage indicates I-691 begins at the start of the freeway (just west of Exit 13), while eastbound signage shows I-691 ending at the Route 15 interchange (at eastbound Exit 10 about west of the interchange with I-91). To go from I-91 northbound to I-691 westbound (or from I-691 eastbound to I-91 southbound), one must actually use Route 15. Exit 9 westbound provides access to Route 15 North. West of the I-91/Route 15 interchange, I-691 meets US 5, which provides", "id": "767380" }, { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\n66. The highway was extended west to Exit 4 by 1971. The connection to I-84 was eventually completed in 1987, with the renumbering to I-691 done at the same time. The portion east of I-91 remained as Route 66. Environmental and community groups successfully blocked attempts to extend the freeway east of its present terminus due to potential impacts on the Mt. Higby Reservoir, which provides drinking water for the local area. A compromise was reached in the late 1990s allowing CONNDOT to convert Route 66 from a 2-lane road to 4 lanes", "id": "767383" }, { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\nat Exit 4. It then crosses the Quinnipiac River into Cheshire, where it has an interchange with Route 10, then continues west to end at I-84 at the Southington/Cheshire town line. The highway officially ends as it merges into I-84 West. In the 1940s, the I-691 routing was part of a planned US 6A Expressway from Southington to Willimantic. A section of the expressway (from its Middlefield terminus west to Exit 8) first opened in 1966. By 1968, the US 6A designation was dropped in favor of Route", "id": "767382" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 66\n\n\nRoute 66 is a Connecticut state highway running from Meriden to Windham, serving as an alternate east–west route to US 6 through east-central Connecticut. Route 66 officially begins at I-91 in Meriden as the extension of I-691, which officially ends at its interchange with I-91. This freeway portion runs for about into the town of Middlefield, where it becomes a four lane surface road. In Middlefield, it has junctions with the northern end of Route 147, and the southern end of Route 217. It then enters Middletown", "id": "16691092" }, { "contents": "Interstate 91\n\n\nUS 5 begins at the first of its many interchanges with the freeway. Leaving New Haven, I-91 follows a northeastward trek into North Haven, where it meets the southern end of the Route 40 expressway. It travels through the eastern part of Wallingford before entering the eastern part of the city of Meriden. In Meriden, about halfway between Hartford and New Haven, I-91 sees a complex set of interchanges with the Wilbur Cross Parkway (Route 15), the Route 66 expressway, and its first spur route, I-691. I-691", "id": "8976770" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 15\n\n\nmore northeasterly in North Haven. Major junctions include the Milford Parkway (SR 796), a connector providing access to Interstate 95 and US 1 beginning just east of the Sikorsky Bridge; US 5 in Wallingford; and a complex set of interchanges in Meriden providing access to I-91, I-691, and the Route 66 expressway. The parkway ends about a mile north of I-691 as US 5 joins Route 15 and the road becomes a four-lane divided highway with signalized and at-grade intersections known as the Berlin Turnpike. After", "id": "14881517" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 66\n\n\nthe expressway from US 5 in Meriden to Middlefield (where the current expressway ends) opened to traffic. By 1968, the US 6A designation was removed and split into several routes. The section from I-84 in Southington to US 6 in Columbia was renumbered as Route 66, including the newly opened freeway segment. In 1971, another section of the Route 66 freeway opened from between Route 322 and US 5. In 1987, with the completion of the freeway connection to I-84, the section of Route 66 west of I-91 was", "id": "16691099" }, { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\naccess to Route 15 North for eastbound traffic. Exit 7 provides access to Downtown Meriden. Westbound traffic exits onto State Street Extension, while eastbound traffic enters onto Columbia Street. Exits 6 and 5 provide access to Route 71, as well as access to Westfield Meriden. Exit 6 exits to Lewis Avenue, while Exit 5 exits directly to Route 71. From here, I-691 passes along the north side of Hubbard Park as well as by Castle Craig before it crosses into Southington. It then meets the eastern end of Route 322", "id": "767381" }, { "contents": "Interstate 291 (Connecticut)\n\n\nInterstate 291 (I-291) is a short Interstate Highway in the state of Connecticut that starts at I-91 at its junction with Route 218 in Windsor and ends at I-84 in Manchester. It serves as a northeastern bypass of Hartford. The official length of I-291 is , including of the exit ramp to the merge with eastbound I-84. I-291 is also known as the Vietnam Veterans Memorial Highway for its entire length. I-291 begins at I-91 in Windsor at an interchange that also provides access to and from Route 218. Heading southeast, I-291", "id": "4834367" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 in Connecticut\n\n\ncity of Waterbury, where it intersects the Route 8 expressway and crosses the Naugatuck River on an elevated dual-decked viaduct known locally as The Mixmaster. After passing through Cheshire, I-84 intersects the western end of I-691 at the Cheshire–Southington town line, which is also the New Haven–Hartford county line. I-84 turns more northerly for a stretch to exit 31 (Route 229), which provides access to Lake Compounce Amusement Park and ESPN World Headquarters. The freeway heads more northeasterly to Plainville, where it has a", "id": "14727149" }, { "contents": "Interstate 384\n\n\nInterstate 384 (I-384) is an Interstate Highway located entirely within the state of Connecticut. It runs east to west, going from Interstate 84 in East Hartford to U.S. Route 6/U.S. Route 44 in Bolton. I-384 officially begins at I-84 eastbound Exit 59 at the East Hartford/Manchester town line, as the right 2 lanes of traffic split from the I-84 mainline. The highway can also be accessed from the I-84 eastbound HOV lane, and westbound I-384 traffic can also access the HOV lane on westbound I-84. Westbound I-84", "id": "10503364" }, { "contents": "Special routes of U.S. Route 6\n\n\n6A from Plymouth–Farmington, this became US 6A. This US 6A was subsequently extended through Meriden to Willimantic along modern Route 66. An expressway upgrade was planned for this US 6A. Only a portion of the highway was built and is now I-691. U.S. Route 6A (US 6A) between Coventry and Windham was designated when New England Interstate Route 3 (NE-3) was deleted. The route was swapped with the old US 6 in 1939 and finally deleted in 1942 when US 6A became Route 31. U.S. Route 6A (US", "id": "10795785" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 (Pennsylvania–Massachusetts)\n\n\nNew Milford. Route 6 leaves the interstate at the next exit, and I-84 continues east across the countryside. At Exit 11, it turns to the northeast and descends to cross the Housatonic River on the Rochambeau Bridge, into New Haven County. It then climbs onto higher ground to the city of Waterbury, which it passes on an elevated viaduct with the eastbound and westbound lanes on different levels. Here the CT 8 expressway intersects. The eastern heading continues past Waterbury to Milldale, where Interstate 691 splits off to the east", "id": "12185438" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 120\n\n\nRoute 120 is a state highway in Connecticut, running entirely in the town of Southington. It serves as a more direct connection between the town center of Southington and the city of Meriden. Route 120 begins at an intersection with Route 322 in southeastern Southington, just west of the Meriden city line and about from an interchange with I-691. It heads in a northwest direction, crossing Misery Brook about later, passing by the St. Thomas Cemetery, then intersecting with Route 364 after another . Route 120 ends at an intersection with Route", "id": "21983096" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 322\n\n\nmeets Route 10 at a grade separated intersection. It briefly crosses into Cheshire before crossing the Quinnipiac River and reentering southeastern Southington. It meets the southern end of Route 120 before ending at an interchange with I-691 near the Southington-Meriden town line. The road continues into Meriden as West Main Street. Route 322 was established in 1963, running from Route 69 to then US 6A (Meriden Road) in Wolcott. The year before becoming a signed route, Route 322 was taken over by the state and designated as unsigned SR", "id": "8420887" }, { "contents": "Interstate 91\n\n\n. As such, it is almost always heavily trafficked (especially during rush hour), and maintains at least three lanes in each direction through Connecticut except for a short portion in Hartford at the interchange with I-84 and in Meriden at the interchange with Route 15. The three cities also serve as Connecticut's control points along its length of the Interstate. I-91 begins just east of downtown New Haven at an interchange with I-95 (the Connecticut Turnpike), and Route 34. At the bottom of the ramp for exit 5,", "id": "8976769" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 66\n\n\nIt ran from the Milldale section of Southington, via Meriden and Middletown, to Willimantic. In the 1932 state highway renumbering, old Highway 111 was designated as part of Route 14, which extended from Woodbury to the Rhode Island state line. In 1941, the section of Route 14 from Woodbury to Willimantic was redesignated as US 6A, connecting at US 6 on both ends. In the early 1960s, plans for constructing a US 6A expressway between I-84 in Southington and Willimantic were announced. By 1966, a short portion of", "id": "16691098" }, { "contents": "Interstate 66\n\n\nfrom eastbound I-66 to the West Falls Church Metro station at the Leesburg Pike (Virginia State Route 7) interchange and will provide a new bridge for the W&OD Trail over Lee Highway (Virginia State Route 29). In Washington D.C., I-66 was planned to extend east of its current terminus along the North Leg of the Inner Loop freeway. I-66 would have also met the eastern terminus of a planned Interstate 266 at US 29, and the western terminus of the South Leg Freeway (I-695) at US 50; I-266 would", "id": "9038810" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 10\n\n\n. It then turns north onto Dixwell Avenue, and intersects the Wilbur Cross Parkway (Route 15) at Exit 60. In the center of Hamden, it turns onto Whitney Avenue. Proceeding northward, it encounters the northern end of the Route 40 freeway and the western end of Route 22 . In Cheshire, it meets the eastern end of Route 42, and has a brief triplex with Routes 68 and 70. At the north end of town is a junction with I-691 at Exit 3. It then enters Southington, where", "id": "16098035" }, { "contents": "Interstate 80 in Iowa\n\n\nthe east at the Jordan Creek Parkway exit. The highway adds a third lane eastbound and drops the third lane westbound. Almost to the east is the interchange with I-35, which also marks the beginning of I-235. Eastbound I-80 exits the freeway via a flyover ramp to northbound I-35; eastbound I-235 begins as the continuation of the I-80 freeway. Locally, this exit is called the West Mixmaster. I-80 shares the next with I-35 on a six-lane freeway where each direction's three lanes are separated by a Jersey barrier.", "id": "3837266" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 68\n\n\nto its junction with I-91 at Exit 15. After overpassing I-91 and passing a couple of business parks, Route 68 becomes a 2 lane road once again. It then enters Durham, where it passes the southern end of Route 157 before ending at Route 17 in the center of town. The road connecting Naugatuck and Cheshire was designated in 1922 as State Highway 325. In the 1932 state highway renumbering, former Highway 325 was renumbered to Route 68. The route was later extended east to Middlefield in 1966 along former SR 607", "id": "3645090" }, { "contents": "Interstate 480 (Nebraska–Iowa)\n\n\nLeavenworth neighborhood from the Old Market neighborhood. Shortly after the Leavenworth Street exit is the Harney Street exit, which provides access to U.S. Route 6 from eastbound I-480. before the North Freeway interchange, I-480 passes beneath Dodge and Douglas Streets, which are the westbound and eastbound lanes of U.S. 6, respectively. Just to the southwest of the Creighton University campus is the North Freeway interchange, where US 75 leaves eastbound I-480 and joins westbound. The North Freeway was originally planned to be an Interstate Highway, \"I-580\", connecting", "id": "10317788" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nExit 110 leading to the I-40 frontage road along the eastbound lanes, which suddenly becomes a divided highway named \"Route 66.\" The first intersection is a connecting road to the parts of the interchange with the eastbound on-ramp, as well as the frontage roads along the westbound lanes, leading to the western terminus of the business loop. Shortly after this is the barely paved Carson County Road BB. The divided highway ends just west of TX FM 295 and Carson County Road CC (Western Avenue), and gains", "id": "294168" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 in New York\n\n\n6 and 202 closely parallel I-84 to the north, between the freeway and one of the upper basins of East Branch Reservoir, part of New York City's water supply system. The northern terminus of NY 121 lets eastbound traffic on and westbound traffic off. Two miles (3.2 km) to the east, Signs appear for Saw Mill Road, exit 1 on Connecticut's stretch of I-84, and its ramps leave the highway just a hundred feet (30 m) before the state line. The route of I-84 through the", "id": "995373" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 34\n\n\nLegion Avenue, later becoming South Frontage Road (former Oak Street), while westbound Route 34 uses North Frontage Road. The eastbound section running along Legion Avenue and South Frontage Road (1.03 miles) is town-maintained. The corresponding westbound section along North Frontage Road is officially designated as State Road 706 but is signed as Route 34 West. Route 34 then continues along the Oak Street Connector, a six-lane freeway that connects to I-91 and I-95. The freeway portion has two westbound exits and three eastbound entrances,", "id": "5492586" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nfor BL-40, because south of this intersection is an approach to a westbound on-eastbound off wye interchange with I-40. Immediately after this intersection, BL-40 ends at an eastbound on-westbound off wye interchange with I-40. The Clinton business loop of Interstate 40 is the fourth business route of I-40 in Oklahoma, running from exit 65 to exit 69, although only part of the route runs along former US 66. The route begins at exit 65, which is an eastbound flyover with no re-entry, and a westbound", "id": "294183" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nand maintenance facility, and then leaves the frontage road at the on ramp to eastbound I-40, where it meets its terminus. The frontage roads along both sides of I-40 continue through three more interchanges before crossing the Texas-Oklahoma State Line. The Erick business loop of Interstate 40 is the first business route of I-40 in Oklahoma. It begins on exit 5 (Honeyfarm Drive) and runs south into North 1720th Road until that street ends at a four-lane divided highway known as East 1240th Road (former Route 66)", "id": "294176" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 542\n\n\nRoute 542 (also known as Ferguson Road) is a state road in northern Connecticut. It is contained inside the town of Vernon. It runs from Route 533 to Route 541. Route 542 begins at Route 543 (Tunnel Road) in the central portion of the town of Vernon. It then heads east for about before intersecting with exit 66 on Interstate 84 (I-84}. Only travelers on westbound I-84 can exit onto Route 542, and that travelers on Route 542 can only get onto westbound I-84. About from the", "id": "1160744" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 71\n\n\nas it intersects West Main Street. While southbound traffic may continue from West Main Street onto Cook Avenue, northbound traffic must turn right onto Hanover Street, then left onto South Grove Street, and left onto West Main Street to continue. Once reunited, Route 71 proceeds west on West Main Street before turning north onto Chamberlain Highway. It then crosses I-691 at Exit 5, with access to and from the west. It then crosses into Berlin, passing the eastern end of Route 364 before turning northeast as the Chamberlain Highway becomes", "id": "18857060" }, { "contents": "Interstate 91\n\n\nparallels the river, never more than from its shore. I-91 then enters the Hartford city limits. In Hartford, I-91 it has a set of interchanges with US 5/Route 15 (Wilbur Cross Highway), which provides access from I-91 north to I-84 east, and from I-84 west to I-91 south via the Charter Oak Bridge. I-91 then has an interchange with I-84, where all other movements to and from I-84 take place. Before leaving the city limits, an HOV lane begins that has its own set of interchanges", "id": "8976772" }, { "contents": "Interstate 210 (Louisiana)\n\n\nShip Channel. At the southeastern end of the bridge, the highway meets with exit 3, Prien Lake Road, eastbound. I-210 heads east through Lake Charles, turning 90 degrees at exit 8, LA 14/Gerstner Memorial Drive. The highway then heads north towards its eastern terminus with I-10 just east of Lake Charles. Though portions of the freeway run north-south, the entire route is signed east-west. All of I-210 is included as part of the National Highway System, a system of roadways important to", "id": "2671252" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 95 in California\n\n\nChemehuevi Mountains before entering the city of Needles after several miles. After passing the Needles Municipal Airport, US 95 merges onto I-40 westbound and continues through Needles on the freeway. US 95 exits from I-40 west of Needles and continues northwest to Searchlight Junction, where US 95 continues north at the junction with the old routing of US 66. The highway continues north, east of Homer Mountain, to the Nevada state line. US 95 is part of the California Freeway and Expressway System, and a small portion near I-10 and the", "id": "21402148" }, { "contents": "Interstate 66\n\n\nInterstate 66 (I-66) is an Interstate Highway in the eastern United States. As indicated by its even route number, it runs in an east–west direction. Its current western terminus is near Middletown, Virginia, at an interchange with I-81; its eastern terminus is in Washington, D.C., at an interchange with U.S. Route 29. Because of its terminus in the Shenandoah Valley, the highway was once called the \"Shenandoah Freeway.\" Much of the route parallels U.S. Route 29 or Virginia State Route 55. Interstate", "id": "9038774" }, { "contents": "Interstate 95 in Connecticut\n\n\nof around 150,000 throughout the entire length between the New York state line and the junction with I-91 in New Haven. The Turnpike intersects with several major expressways, namely US 7 at Exit 15 in Norwalk, Route 8 and Route 25 at Exit 27A in Bridgeport (quickest way to I-84 from southwest CT), the Merritt and Wilbur Cross Parkways at Exit 38 (via the Milford Parkway) in Milford, and Interstate 91 at Exit 48 in New Haven. North (east) of I-91, the Turnpike continues along the Connecticut", "id": "5620386" }, { "contents": "Missouri Route 96\n\n\nRoute 96 was redesignated as Route YY west of Route 171 when Kansas deleted the eastern part of K-96. Route 96 begins at a partial interchange with Interstate 44 (I-44) just west of Halltown (there is no access to westbound I-44 or from eastbound I-44). The highway is a two-lane road and is relatively straight all the way to Carthage. Approximately west of I-44 is the western terminus of Route 266. Approximately further west, Route 96 is joined by Historic Route 66. At Albatross, is an intersection", "id": "11824778" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nI-40, and the former segment of US 66 along the north side continues as one of the two I-40 frontage roads. The Amarillo business loop of Interstate 40 begins at I-40 exit 62A just west of Amarillo. The highway was formerly a business route for Route 66, being that highway's only bannered route in Texas. Bus. I-40 D is known locally as Amarillo Boulevard and is the longest buisness route of Interstate 40. Bus. I-40 D begins at Interstate 40 exit 62A just west of Amarillo near Cadillac Ranch. The", "id": "294164" }, { "contents": "Interstate 540 and North Carolina Highway 540\n\n\nto the Western Wake Freeway and future Southern and Eastern Wake Freeways. As of January 2013, the North Carolina state route traverses east–west from I-40, in Durham County to NC 55, in Holly Springs. Initially intended to be signed as an extension of the I-540 loop, the first section of the route bears mile markers and exit numbers for the complete Interstate loop, going from 66 to 69. In Mid-2012, this section of the beltway became part of the Triangle Expressway. No portion of I-540 is tolled.", "id": "6204061" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 229\n\n\nRoute 229 is a state highway in the western Greater Hartford area of the U.S. state of Connecticut. It runs north–south from Interstate 84 in Southington to U.S. Route 6 in Bristol. Along the way, it intersects Route 72 in the Forestville section of Bristol. Route 229 nominally begins at the end of the eastbound Exit 31 off-ramp of I-84 in western Southington, heading northward along West Street. State maintenance and the official southern end of Route 229 actually begins about south of the off-ramp. West Street", "id": "7429975" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nwhich focuses on the roads former status as Route 66. The commercial strip ends after a dirt road named North Tennessee Street. \"Route 66\" splits from East 12th Street at an intersection that's another connecting road to the eastbound off-ramp of Exit 164, the then runs over the overpass above I-40 to turn right at the frontage road along the westbound lanes leading to the western beginning of the business loop. Eastbound Business Interstate Route 40-J narrows down to a two-lane undivided highway before passing by a TxDOT construction", "id": "294175" }, { "contents": "Highway revolts in the United States\n\n\nInterstate 291 beltway west of Interstate 91, the proposed Interstate 484 expressway through the downtown, and the proposed Interstate 284 expressway between East Hartford and South Windsor, and Interstate 491 from Wethersfield to Manchester. After these freeways were cancelled, the State of Connecticut used the funds allocated for their construction to rebuild and expand existing freeways in the Greater Hartford area. In 1992 the Route 9 Expressway was extended north from I-91 in New Britain to Interstate 84 in Farmington, completing what would have been the southwest quadrant of the I-291 beltway;", "id": "256037" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 in Connecticut\n\n\nthe northern end of the Route 15 expressway, it inherits the Wilbur Cross Highway name for the rest of its length. From 1968 until 1984, the I-84 designation ended here, and the highway became I-86 for the rest of its length, as I-84 was once planned to be built east toward Providence, Rhode Island. I-84 intersects one of the remnants of the abandoned project, I-384, as part of a series of complex interchanges in Manchester including the end of the US 6 concurrency at exit 60, and a connection to", "id": "14727152" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nfrontage roads along the westbound lanes leading to the western beginning of the business loop, and an unorthodox roadside attraction known as the Leaning Tower of Texas. Business Interstate Route 40-F ends at the on ramp to eastbound I-40, as does the divided former US 66, which is converted back into the frontage road along the eastbound lanes of I-40. The McLean business loop of Interstate 40 runs from exit 141 to 143. Officially designated as Business Interstate 40-H by the Texas Department of Transportation, it begins at I-40 at an eastbound flyover", "id": "294170" }, { "contents": "Maryland Route 53\n\n\nstate highway then meets its northern terminus at an intersection with US 40 Alternate in La Vale. Access to westbound I-68 is provided a short distance to the east on US 40 Alternate. MD 53 is part of US 220 Truck, which provides access from Interstate 68 (I-68) west of La Vale to southbound US 220 for trucks due to a truck prohibition on the eastbound exit ramp for I-68's interchange with US 220. The state highway is part of the main National Highway System from US 220 to I-68; in addition", "id": "11898711" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 84\n\n\nend street at the truck stop along the aforementioned frontage road. Interstate 84 Business was a business loop of I-84 along in Morgan, Utah. It ran north along Utah State Route 66 at Exit 103 (State Street) to East 600th Street running along the north side of I-84 until the former westbound-off-ramp and eastbound on-ramp that was once westbound Exit 103 until the mid-1990s. Interstate 84 Business was a business loop of I-84 along in Henefer, Utah. It ran southeast along the southwest side of I-84", "id": "6061978" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 5 in Connecticut\n\n\nStreet becomes Broad Street after the intersection with Hall Avenue as it passes by the eastern part of the city, avoiding the downtown area. Past Olive Street, the road becomes divided with a wide grassy median. At the north end of the divided section, it has an intersection with East Main Street, the main east–west business route through the city. About north of East Main Street, US 5 has an interchange with I-691 (at exit 8). At the intersection with Brittania Street, the road becomes North Broad", "id": "5428414" }, { "contents": "Interstate 91\n\n\nthe river can also be easily accessed in this stretch. At exit 19 is the northern terminus of I-93, a major interstate highway in New England, which provides a direct route south through the White Mountains and to almost all major cities in New Hampshire. Just after exit 19, there are three exits for St. Johnsbury, including a major intersection with US 2. Along westbound US 2, the capital of Vermont, Montpelier, is eventually reached from I-91, although I-89 provides Montpelier with immediate Interstate access. I-91 continues northward", "id": "8976783" }, { "contents": "Massachusetts Turnpike\n\n\nand the seventh-longest gap between exits in the entire Interstate Highway System. The highest elevation on the turnpike exists in The Berkshires, reaching above sea level in Becket; this point is also the highest elevation on I-90 east of South Dakota. Beyond the peak elevation and between the exits, an eastbound runaway truck ramp exists in Russell. The turnpike has an interchange with I-91 and US 5 at exit 4 in West Springfield; it passes over the Connecticut River before reaching Route 33 at exit 5 and I-291 at exit 6", "id": "8595595" }, { "contents": "County Route 66 (California)\n\n\ncrossing paths with the freeway again at Fenner, before heading east on Goffs Road to the junction with US 95. Next, CR 66 cosigns along US 95 south to the junction with I-40, where both the US and county routes cosign with I-40 heading east towards Needles. CR 66 exits the freeway at River Road Cutoff, where it immediately turns onto National Trails Highway after exiting. The route follows National Trails Highway to its end on River Road, then begins its southeast journey into downtown Needles. After an interchange with I-40", "id": "21979064" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 (Pennsylvania–Massachusetts)\n\n\n. This section has many left-hand exits and entrances and sharp curves, which were built for a planned network of freeways. I-84 heads northeast towards New Britain and Hartford, the state capital and the largest community along its eastern length. After intersecting Interstate 91, the road crosses the Connecticut River on the Bulkeley Bridge, oldest on the Interstate system, then becomes the Wilbur Cross Highway and continues towards the northeast. The last exit in Connecticut is Exit 74, an exit for Route 171. I-84 crosses the Massachusetts border", "id": "12185439" }, { "contents": "Rhode Island Route 4\n\n\n. After exit 7, Route 4 continues northward as a six-lane expressway, passing farmlands to the west and entering a suburban region of East Greenwich. The highway crosses under an overpass at Middle Road before interchanging with Route 401, the freeway's final spur, at another partial cloverleaf interchange. Exit 8 is also used to access Route 2 and I-95 south, which has no direct freeway connection with Route 4 north. Shortly after exit 8, the Route 4 designation ends and the mainline of the highway defaults onto I-95", "id": "14737226" }, { "contents": "Cromwell, Connecticut\n\n\nis land and (4.03%) is water. A major north/south highway, Interstate 91, with two Cromwell exits, runs through the Town. The Central Connecticut Expressway (Route 9), opened at the end of 1989, enhances the Town's location as it connects I-95 in Old Saybrook, I-91 in Cromwell and I-84, the State's major east/west highway in New Britain. As of the census of 2010, there were 14,005 people, 5,212 households, and 3,262 families residing in the town.", "id": "17977773" }, { "contents": "Interstate 190 (South Dakota)\n\n\n16 westbound goes east on Omaha Street and eastbound runs north concurrently with I-190. I-190 then becomes a freeway, with an exit to North Street. I-190 then passes under Anamosa Street before an on-ramp from the northbound lanes of West Boulevard. Both US 16 and I-190 then terminate at a trumpet interchange with I-90/US 14/SD 79. Legally, the route of I-190 is defined at South Dakota Codified Laws § 31-4-203. I-190 was opened in 1962 to connect Rapid City to the recently completed", "id": "2672231" }, { "contents": "Interstate 210 and State Route 210 (California)\n\n\nfor the interchange between State Route 57 and the Foothill Freeway, Interstate 210. The \"curve\" portion refers to the interchange from the northbound lanes of State Route 57 to the westbound lanes of I-210, and from the eastbound lanes of I-210 to the southbound lanes of State Route 57. The origin of the name comes from its location in the city of Glendora. Prior to 2002, this interchange was entirely part of I-210, and the eastern terminus of I-210 ended several miles south of the curve at the Kellogg Interchange at", "id": "2671217" }, { "contents": "Interstate 78 in New Jersey\n\n\nEntering more commercial areas, Route 173 merges onto I-78/US 22 at exit 13. At exit 15, the highway interchanges with CR 513, and Route 173 splits from I-78/US 22 by heading north on CR 513. At this point, the freeway enters Franklin Township briefly at exit 15 and then enters Clinton where it crosses the South Branch Raritan River. I-78/US 22 turns northeast and leaves Clinton for Clinton Township, where it has an eastbound exit and westbound entrance for Route 173 that also provides access to", "id": "16353900" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 15\n\n\nlimits, the business route veers onto Center Street and follows that through the center of town. At the north end of the city, I-15 Bus. turns west and runs concurrently with US 30 to its northern end at I-15 Exit 47. Interstate 15 Business runs for exactly through Inkom in northern Bannock County. I-15 Bus. mostly follows Old Highway 91 between Exits 57 and 58, a pair of partial interchanges. Interstate 15 Business spans through Pocatello in northern Bannock County. I-15 Bus. begins at I-15 Exit 67, where", "id": "15434019" }, { "contents": "Interstate 10 in California\n\n\nI-10 down Interstate 5 between the East LA Interchange and the Santa Monica Freeway, negating a section of the San Bernardino Freeway west of I-5. This short section of Route 10 between Route 5 and Route 101, which was formerly defined as Route 110 (signed as Interstate 110) until 1968, is signed overhead for I-10 eastbound and for U.S. 101 westbound. This I-5/I-10 cosigning is consistent with the Federal Highway Administration's Interstate Highway route logs that such an overlap exists for the segment of I-10 in California. I-10 is", "id": "10298840" }, { "contents": "Nevada State Route 425\n\n\ncenter of Verdi, then southeast to its terminus at the I-80 East Verdi interchange (Exit 5). Although designated a state route and an Interstate business route, there are no route shields posted along the highway itself. The I-80 business route extends beyond the end of SR 425. From the highway's western terminus, I-80 Business follows Gold Ranch Road an additional south to end at an I-80 westbound onramp. The highway originally carried State Route 1 and later U.S. Route 40 on its trek west from Reno over Donner Pass towards", "id": "5840323" }, { "contents": "Interstate 516\n\n\ncurrent western terminus of I-516. In 1985, the entire highway from its then-current western terminus at Burnsed Blvd to Montgomery Street was designated as I-516. The freeway portion was extended westward to the interchange with SR 25 (Burnsed Blvd) and eastward to the current eastern terminus. Also US 17/SR 25 and US 80/SR 26 were re-routed along the freeway, from the West Bay Street exit to the Ogeechee Road exit. In 1995, US 17 had a major re-routing through the city", "id": "10860994" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 15\n\n\nState Route 28. Interstate 15 Business is a Business loop of Interstate 15 in Bringham City, and is also concurrent with Business Loop 84. It runs from an interchange at Exit 362 on I-15/84 at first along U.S. Route 91 to the intersection with U.S. Route 89 and UT 13. US 91 continues east along US 89, while BL 15/84 turns left to go north along UT 13 (South Main Street). Further in town, the road serves as the west end of Utah State Route 90. At Forest Street,", "id": "15434015" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 95 in Nevada\n\n\nthe Henderson Spaghetti Bowl (also known as the Hender-Bender) interchange of Interstate 215 and SR 564 and Interstate 515 begins. The freeway then heads west into Downtown Las Vegas, where it intersects Interstate 15. At the Spaghetti Bowl interchange, US 93 follows I-15 northbound and I-515 ends. US 95 heads west, then north at the Rainbow Curve. The freeway portion then ends at Corn Creek Road northwest of the Las Vegas Valley and then it becomes a brief four-lane divided highway. US 95 exits Clark County", "id": "7359006" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 15\n\n\nwhen it turns east onto Alameda Road, which becomes Pocatello Creek Road when it veers northeast to the business route's terminus at I-15 Exit 71. Interstate 15 Business has a length of through Blackfoot in central Bingham County. I-15 Bus. begins at I-15 Exit 89 near the northern end of the Fort Hall Indian Reservation and follows US 91 northeast parallel to the Union Pacific Railroad. The highways cross the Blackfoot River into the city of Blackfoot along Broadway Street. In downtown Blackfoot, the routes veer onto Main Street, then I-15", "id": "15434021" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 50 in Maryland\n\n\neastbound exit. Following this interchange, US 50 passes office parks and industrial development in New Carrollton. The highway reaches a hybrid turbine interchange with I-95/I-495, the Capital Beltway. At the I-95/I-495 interchange, the US 50 freeway becomes part of the Interstate Highway System as I-595, which is an unsigned highway. The road heads east as an ten-lane freeway, with the left lane in each direction designated as a high-occupancy vehicle lane (HOV lane). The freeway passes near residential development and", "id": "21110676" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nloop of Interstate 40 is the third business route of I-40 in Oklahoma. It runs northeast along former US 66 from eastbound exit 32 and turns east after the beginning of an overlap with OK 6 that runs along the route until OK 6 turns south at North Main Street. From there it snakes through the northeastern part of the city and after the intersection with OK 34 finally terminates with I-40 at westbound exit 41. The route begins at a left exit in a wye interchange with Interstate 40, which also serves as a connection", "id": "294180" }, { "contents": "Iowa Highway 330\n\n\nused as a connector between Des Moines and the Waterloo–Cedar Falls area. Iowa 330 begins at an interchange with Interstate 80 (I-80), U.S. Route 6 (US 6), and US 65 in Altoona. The I-80 freeway runs east–west; US 6 comes up from the southwest along Hubbell Avenue and joins eastbound I-80 while US 65 exits eastbound I-80 and turns onto Hubbell heading northeast. For the first of its routing, Iowa 330 shares the same roadway with US 65. The two routes head northeast on", "id": "10381823" }, { "contents": "Interstate 180 (Pennsylvania)\n\n\nat an interchange with U.S. Route 15 and U.S. Route 220. The highway begins its signage, concurrent along these routes. At exit 27A, US 15 leaves the overlap running south across the Carl E. Stotz Memorial Little League Bridge and I-180 continues eastward, still concurrent with US 220 northbound. From there, I-180 runs along the West Branch Susquehanna River until the highway reaches the eastern suburbs of Williamsport, where US 220 leaves the Interstate via exit 15. From US 220 to the eastern terminus, I-180 is aligned north–south", "id": "4494305" }, { "contents": "Interstate 76 (Ohio–New Jersey)\n\n\nJersey. After I-76 reaches its eastern terminus, the freeway continues as Route 42 and the Atlantic City Expressway to Atlantic City. I-76 begins at I-71 at exit 209, east of Lodi, Ohio; U.S. Route 224 (US 224) continues west from the end of I-76. The interchange was previously a double trumpet, but was reconstructed in 2010. Officially, I-76 begins at the beginning of the ramp from I-71 north; it merges with US 224 at mile 0.61. After passing through rural Medina County, I-76 enters Summit", "id": "12185505" }, { "contents": "Interstate 215 (Utah)\n\n\ninterchange features a grade-separated ramp from northbound 2000 East to eastbound I-215. Past this junction, another interchange at Union Park Avenue appears. Another grade-separated ramp from Union Park Avenue is present. The freeway enters Murray as an interchange serving westbound motorists connects to 280 East and State Street (U.S. Route 89, or US-89). Eastbound travelers connect to State Street further west at a separate exit. The road turns northwest for a short time to approach a junction at I-15 (often called the South Interchange).", "id": "9551591" }, { "contents": "List of state routes in Connecticut\n\n\n. Routes are signed state highways and are assigned numbers from 1 to 399 (with the exception of I-684 and I-691). All state, U.S. and Interstate highways are part of the same numbering system. In 1926, the U.S. highway system was implemented. U.S. Routes 1, 5, 6, and 7 were used as designations on several primary state highways, replacing New England routes 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. The other New England routes that were not re-designated as U.S. routes became ordinary", "id": "5492536" }, { "contents": "Interstate 291 (Massachusetts)\n\n\ndirectly through highly populated areas of Springfield, and passes under several overpasses. From its southwestern terminus to exit 5A, Interstate 291 is concurrent with U.S. Route 20. I-291 is only from Interstate 291 in Connecticut, and there are no intervening Interstate Highway interchanges between them. It can be easy for travelers to become confused between the two highways. Interstate 291 begins as a spur of Interstate 91 at Exit 8 in Springfield, concurrent with U.S. 20, which merges from the north. The two entry ramps from I-91 merge with each", "id": "1778230" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 15\n\n\nprovides access to the end of the Sprinter commuter train line. Shortly thereafter, I-15 Business intersects County Route S14, and then interchanges with State Route 78. The interchange is the last interchange on the 78 before its freeway status ends, and there are only ramps for a westbound entrance or eastbound exit. Continuing north, I-15 Business intersects with El Norte Parkway, a major arterial road, before reconnecting with Interstate 15 at I-15 exit 34 near the northern city limits of Escondido. Though the street itself continues northward well on into", "id": "15434009" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 9\n\n\nSaybrook to I-91 in Cromwell is known as the \"Chester Bowles Highway\". The section from I-91 in Cromwell to Exit 24 in Berlin is known as the \"Korean War Veterans Memorial Highway\". The section from Route 72 in New Britain to Route 175 in Newington is known as the \"Taras Shevchenko Expressway\". The section from Route 175 in Newington to the junction with I-84 is known as the \"Iwo Jima Memorial Expressway\". The road connecting Deep River (then known as Saybrook) and Wethersfield along the west", "id": "15881247" }, { "contents": "Colorado State Highway 74\n\n\nthe Evergreen Parkway segment to four lanes and constructing an interchange with I-70. SH 74 begins at an interchange with I-70 in El Rancho. Ramps from I-70 westbound branch off the freeway's exit 252 from the north side and cross the highway southwestward. Access to SH 74 from I-70 eastbound is provided via U.S. Highway 40 (US 40) a slight distance to the west. From I-70, the roadway heads southwesterly through El Rancho, meeting an intersection with US 40 (Swede Gulch Road). The route heads westward before turning", "id": "12873578" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 84\n\n\nsoutheast corner of that intersection, and the contemporary but still traditional Brigham City Utah Temple on the southwest corner. UT 13 ends at the southern terminus of the overlap of US 89/91, and BL-15/84 makes a sharp right turn along southbound US 91, while South Main Street is taken over by southbound US 89. US 91/BL-15/84 runs west along West 1100th Street South. BL-15/84 ends at Exit 362, a diverging diamond interchange with I-15/84, while West 1100th Street South continues into the I-15 frontage road, and becomes a dead", "id": "6061977" }, { "contents": "Interstate 384\n\n\naccess to I-384 is provided through a complex interchange that also provides access from Pleasant Valley Road near Buckland Hills Mall and from I-291. I-384's first exit is for Spencer Street. The eastbound ramp is on the I-384 mainline, while the westbound ramp comes from a split in the I-84 interchange ramp. Just east of the Spencer Street overpass, the ramp from westbound I-84 joins the I-384 mainline and the HOV lane becomes a conventional lane. I-384 continues along the southern part of Manchester. It has one interchange before it intersects Route", "id": "10503365" }, { "contents": "Interstate 78 in New Jersey\n\n\ninto Springfield Township. The freeway passes near First Watchung Mountain before coming to the Route 24 interchange, where suburban development becomes more dense. At Route 24, I-78 divides into local and express lanes, with three express and three local lanes eastbound and two express and three local lanes westbound. In this section of the highway, most access is via the local lanes, though the next exit for Route 124 includes a direct westbound onramp to the express lanes. Before Route 124, I-78 briefly runs east through Millburn in Essex County", "id": "16353906" }, { "contents": "California State Route 237\n\n\n85. Westbound traffic can connect to Route 85 southbound, but the eastbound traffic connection to Route 85 northbound is labeled as an exit for U.S. 101. Route 237 intersects with Highway 101 at the southern corner of Moffett Field. After this intersection, a carpool lane is added, for a total of three lanes in either direction. It remains like this until the east end of the freeway at Interstate 880, where most eastbound traffic is directed to northbound I-880. The route then becomes a city street (an arterial road)", "id": "9003349" }, { "contents": "Massachusetts Route 141\n\n\nas Easthampton Road, crossing roads south of Mount Tom. Crossing through the Rock Valley section of Holyoke, the highway passes south of the Whiting Reservoir and Wyckoff Country Club, entering the Smiths Valley section. Through Smiths Valley, Route 141 runs southeast through a residential neighborhood, reaching a ramp to Interstate 91 southbound (I-91 exit 17). After another turn, the route crosses into a trumpet interchange with I-91 northbound, becoming a one-way couplet through downtown Holyoke. Route 141 eastbound runs along Dwight Street while Route 141", "id": "2532205" }, { "contents": "Interstate 295 (Delaware–Pennsylvania)\n\n\nof Penndel. Following this interchange, the freeway runs south-southeast near suburban residential areas as it heads west of Levittown. I-295 enters Bristol Township and terminates at an interchange with I-95 at I-276 (Pennsylvania Turnpike). At this interchange, I-295 merges into southbound I-95, with access from westbound I-295 to southbound I-95 and from northbound I-95 to eastbound I-295; there are no ramps connecting I-295 and the Pennsylvania Turnpike. In the 1927 New Jersey state highway renumbering, Route 39 was legislated to begin at the Yardley–Wilburtha Bridge", "id": "9627779" }, { "contents": "James River Freeway\n\n\n. The portion of the James River Freeway between I-44 and the interchange with US 60 and Route 413 is designated as Route 360. Other than its endpoints, there is only one interchange on the route: Route MM in Brookline (now part of Republic). Exit markers for the highway mark the road as the James River Freeway and have no control cities, only \"To Route 60\" eastbound and \"To I-44\" westbound. The control cities between US 60 and US 65 are Republic westbound and Rogersville eastbound. At", "id": "6615288" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 6 in Rhode Island\n\n\nturns south on the I-295 collector/distributor roads to the west end of that freeway. The south interchange of US 6 and I-295 has numerous ramp stubs once intended for a western continuation of the Roberts Expressway as Interstate 84. The six-lane Roberts Expressway has interchanges with Route 5, U.S. Route 6A, Route 128, and US 6A again on its way to Olneyville. It crosses from Johnston into Providence just west of the bridge over Route 128. At the second US 6A interchange, the older Olneyville Bypass begins,", "id": "21794194" }, { "contents": "Flatbush Avenue Connector\n\n\nstate proposed the corridor as the Cedar Ridge Connector with no number, leading from its current terminus at I-84 to U.S. 5/Route 15 in Wethersfield. The short expressway planned to include an interchange with a planned but cancelled Route 71 expressway leading to New Britain. Circa 2015, the viaduct carrying the northbound ramp to Eastbound I-84 was removed, and a new alignment adjacent to the southbound off ramp from Westbound I-84 was built. Exit 45 is currently an incomplete interchange, with ramps only for I-84 westbound to SR 504 (left", "id": "5839909" }, { "contents": "Interstate 195 (New Jersey)\n\n\ndesignation west and south, along existing I-95 instead. I-195's western terminus is at a modified cloverleaf interchange with I-295 in Hamilton Township, Mercer County, located southeast of the city of Trenton. From this end, the freeway continues north into Trenton as Route 29. I-195 serves as the southern continuation of Route 29, continuing east from I-295 as a six-lane expressway, passing between suburban neighborhoods to the north and the Crosswicks Creek to the south. After the exit for US 206, the highway narrows to four lanes", "id": "14760197" }, { "contents": "Massachusetts Route 25\n\n\nRoute 25 west mainline onto Route 495 north, with the right-hand lane serving I-195 via Exit 1. From I-195, Route 25 east is accessible via Exit 22A; I-195 terminates at the interchange. Interstate 495 also terminates at its junction with Route 25; the two southbound lanes of I-495 default onto Route 25 east. After the interchange with I-195 and I-495, Route 25 begins to head in a southeastern direction into the town of Wareham as a six-lane freeway. The route passes under Tihonet Road and through Maple", "id": "18239659" }, { "contents": "California State Route 56\n\n\ncompleted in 1995 after several lawsuits filed by the Sierra Club and other community groups. The two ends were not connected until the middle portion of the freeway was completed in 2004. The delay was largely due to funding issues and environmental concerns. Eastbound SR 56 begins as a ramp from the northbound I-5's local bypass lanes. The interchange is not complete; southbound I-5 traffic must exit to Carmel Valley Road before entering SR 56. Westbound traffic on SR 56 merges into the southbound I-5 local bypass lanes, which provide access to", "id": "2729277" }, { "contents": "Utah State Route 161\n\n\nState Route 161 (SR-161) is a long state highway, designated as a rural major connector, completely within Millard County in central Utah. The highway connects Interstate 70 (I-70) to I-15 while providing service to historic Cove Fort. The route was once part of U.S. Route 91 (US-91), but was renumbered to SR-161 in the 1970s, in parallel with the construction of I-70. Located entirely in southeastern Millard County, SR-161 starts at a diamond interchange with the westernmost exit on I-70 before it terminates at I-15.", "id": "14472451" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 in Connecticut\n\n\nbrief concurrency with Route 72 to the New Britain city line. From the Route 72 junction through Farmington, West Hartford, and into Hartford, I-84 has many left-hand exits and entrances and sharp curves, which were built for a planned network of freeways. In Farmington, US 6 joins I-84 once again at exit 38, and both meet the northern end of the Route 9 expressway at a half-used multi-level stack interchange that was originally planned to be part of the mostly-cancelled I-291 Hartford Beltway.", "id": "14727150" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 40\n\n\nan interchange. Route 40 begins from northbound I-91 in North Haven as the Exit 10 off-ramp. The designation runs for along the exit ramp. The expressway then proceeds northwest and is joined by on-ramps from Bailey Road and southbound I-91. The I-91 interchange includes an overpass over the Quinnipiac River and railroad tracks. About past the I-91 interchange, the road crosses over another set of railroad tracks, then has an interchange with U.S. Route 5. Access to and from US 5 is via Dixwell Avenue (SR 717", "id": "15644232" }, { "contents": "Interstate 695 (District of Columbia)\n\n\nsome remaining \"To I-395\" signage can still be found along I-695 westbound. The new signs designate I-695 as extending from the point where I-395 branches off from the Southeast Freeway, with I-695 continuing along the Southeast Freeway and over the new 11th Street Bridge to the interchange with I-295. However, some commentators contend the new signage is confusing and that the Southeast Freeway is often confused with Baltimore's Beltway, a highway with the same route designation. The entire route is in Washington, D.C. Exits were unnumbered until July 2014.", "id": "13815020" }, { "contents": "California State Route 91\n\n\nState Route 91 (SR 91) is a major east–west state highway in the U.S. state of California that serves several regions of the Greater Los Angeles urban area. A freeway throughout its entire length, it officially runs from Vermont Avenue in Gardena, just west of the junction with the Harbor Freeway (Interstate 110, I-110), east to Riverside at the junction with the Pomona (SR 60 west of SR 91) and Moreno Valley (SR 60 and I-215 east of SR 91) freeways. Though signs along", "id": "4945631" }, { "contents": "Tennessee State Route 182\n\n\nState Route 182 (abbreviated SR 182) is a secondary state highway in western Dyer County, Tennessee. This route is primarily rural in nature throughout its length. The first of SR 182 from its southern terminus with SR 104 to Interstate 155 is a modern two-lane facility with a speed limit. I-155 ended at Exit 7 during the 1970s and this section of SR 182 also served as a temporary link to SR 104 for eastbound motorists until the freeway was completed to Exit 15. SR 182 north of I-155 to its", "id": "12693771" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 4 in New Hampshire\n\n\nI-93 southbound, and runs along the freeway until Exit 15E in Concord. At this interchange, US-4 leaves I-93 and joins Interstate 393 and U.S. Route 202 which run eastbound out of the city. The two U.S. routes overlap I-393 to its terminus in the northern corner of Pembroke. I-393 then ends, and US-4/US-202 merge onto Route 9 eastbound through Chichester and into Epsom. The road crosses Route 28 at the Epsom Traffic Circle, then continues east and intersects Route 107, forming a long four-route concurrency into Northwood", "id": "19470164" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 9\n\n\nriver, it passes through the towns of Essex, Deep River, Chester, Haddam, and Middletown). After its junction with Interstate 91 in Cromwell, Route 9 continues westward then northward, running through the Hartford area towns/cities of Berlin, New Britain, Newington, and Farmington. At the junction with I-84/US 6 near the Farmington - West Hartford town line, Route 9 follows the ramps for eastbound I-84 and ends at the merge with I-84 immediately after crossing the town line. Route 9 has a non", "id": "15881245" }, { "contents": "Maryland Route 32\n\n\nCSX line) and several industrial parks in Annapolis Junction. MD 32 continues northwest into Savage, where the highway has a cloverleaf interchange with US 1 (Washington Boulevard) that includes collector-distributor lanes in both directions. North of Savage, the freeway has a partial cloverleaf interchange with I-95 that has a pair of left-exiting ramps from westbound MD 32 to southbound I-95 and from eastbound MD 32 to northbound I-95; because of these left exits, I-95 is configured differently in that its southbound lanes pass under MD 32 and", "id": "8470347" }, { "contents": "Interstate 95 in Massachusetts\n\n\nto eight lanes. Then the highway passes through Newton, then enters Weston and has a large interchange with the Massachusetts Turnpike (I-90) that provides connections to nearby Route 30. There is a fourth lane after the interchange with Route 9. Exits 23, 24, and 25 are one combined exit northbound. I-95 and Route 128 are due west of Boston at this point and begin to turn to the northeast, serving the city of Waltham and the town of Lexington along the way. The freeway has an interchange with Route", "id": "18993893" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 372\n\n\nthe Mattabesset River, intersecting I-91 at Exit 21. It then widens to 4 lanes, and intersects the northern end of Route 217. Farther east, it crosses Route 3 before meeting Route 9 once again at Exit 19. It then turns southeast to at an intersection with Route 99 at the Cromwell town center. Route 72 was established in the 1932 state highway renumbering between Route 66 in Middletown and Route 10 Plainville. By the beginning of 1963, after the implementation of the 1962 Route Reclassification Act, Route 72 was extended", "id": "8495485" }, { "contents": "Interstate 664\n\n\nhas a connection to Portsmouth through Virginia State Route 164 (SR 164) and to Suffolk via U.S. Route 13, US 58, and US 460. I-664 begins at a full Y interchange with I-64 and I-264 that serves as the terminus of all three Interstates in the Bowers Hill section of the city of Chesapeake. I-64 heads southeast as a continuation of the Hampton Roads Beltway through Chesapeake while I-264 heads east toward Portsmouth and Norfolk. I-664 heads west as an eight-lane freeway that has a southbound-only exit ramp to", "id": "13145352" }, { "contents": "Virginia State Route 194\n\n\ncloverleaf interchange with I-64 (Hampton Roads Beltway) that only contains ramps in the northeast and southwest quadrants of the interchange. Northbound SR 194 has an exit ramp to and an entrance ramp from westbound I-64. Southbound SR 194 has an exit ramp to and an entrance ramp from eastbound I-64. The missing connections with I-64 are made via SR 247 to the south and SR 165 (Little Creek Road) to the north of the Interstate. North of SR 165, SR 194 becomes a four-lane divided highway north to its", "id": "19152409" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nalphabetic values to allow for future system expansion. The alphabetic naming suffixes are included as small letters on the bottom of reassurance shields. The Glenrio business spur of Interstate 40 begins at I-40 on exit 0 just east of the New Mexico-Texas state line. The highway runs south from the interchange towards Former route 66, then turns west along that decommissioned route where it terminates at the Texas-New Mexico State Line. The Adrian business loop of Interstate 40 begins at I-40 at exit 22 and runs along Former route 66 to", "id": "294158" }, { "contents": "Vermont Route 103\n\n\nand slightly better road across the Green Mountains to Rutland, it is a direct east–west road intersecting Interstate 91 significantly north of the diagonal 103. Numerous proposals to widen 103 into a two-lane freeway or similar limited-access roadway have failed, even though a substantial power company right of way shadows the road for much of its length. VT 103 begins at U.S. Route 5 in Rockingham just east of Interstate 91 and just north of Bellows Falls. From there, it interchanges with I-91 at exit 6 and proceeds", "id": "13506058" } ]

[ { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\nInterstate 691 (I-691) is a portion of the Interstate Highway System in Connecticut beginning at Interstate 91 in Meriden and ending at Interstate 84 near the Cheshire-Southington town line. It is in length, including of the exit ramp to the merge with westbound I-84. I-691 is also known as the Henry D. Altobello Highway for its entire length. I-691 is the main east–west highway of the city of Meriden. The freeway actually begins in Middlefield as Route 66, technically becoming I-691 at the junction with I-91 (Exit", "id": "767379" }, { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\n11). However, westbound signage indicates I-691 begins at the start of the freeway (just west of Exit 13), while eastbound signage shows I-691 ending at the Route 15 interchange (at eastbound Exit 10 about west of the interchange with I-91). To go from I-91 northbound to I-691 westbound (or from I-691 eastbound to I-91 southbound), one must actually use Route 15. Exit 9 westbound provides access to Route 15 North. West of the I-91/Route 15 interchange, I-691 meets US 5, which provides", "id": "767380" }, { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\n66. The highway was extended west to Exit 4 by 1971. The connection to I-84 was eventually completed in 1987, with the renumbering to I-691 done at the same time. The portion east of I-91 remained as Route 66. Environmental and community groups successfully blocked attempts to extend the freeway east of its present terminus due to potential impacts on the Mt. Higby Reservoir, which provides drinking water for the local area. A compromise was reached in the late 1990s allowing CONNDOT to convert Route 66 from a 2-lane road to 4 lanes", "id": "767383" }, { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\nat Exit 4. It then crosses the Quinnipiac River into Cheshire, where it has an interchange with Route 10, then continues west to end at I-84 at the Southington/Cheshire town line. The highway officially ends as it merges into I-84 West. In the 1940s, the I-691 routing was part of a planned US 6A Expressway from Southington to Willimantic. A section of the expressway (from its Middlefield terminus west to Exit 8) first opened in 1966. By 1968, the US 6A designation was dropped in favor of Route", "id": "767382" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 66\n\n\nRoute 66 is a Connecticut state highway running from Meriden to Windham, serving as an alternate east–west route to US 6 through east-central Connecticut. Route 66 officially begins at I-91 in Meriden as the extension of I-691, which officially ends at its interchange with I-91. This freeway portion runs for about into the town of Middlefield, where it becomes a four lane surface road. In Middlefield, it has junctions with the northern end of Route 147, and the southern end of Route 217. It then enters Middletown", "id": "16691092" }, { "contents": "Interstate 91\n\n\nUS 5 begins at the first of its many interchanges with the freeway. Leaving New Haven, I-91 follows a northeastward trek into North Haven, where it meets the southern end of the Route 40 expressway. It travels through the eastern part of Wallingford before entering the eastern part of the city of Meriden. In Meriden, about halfway between Hartford and New Haven, I-91 sees a complex set of interchanges with the Wilbur Cross Parkway (Route 15), the Route 66 expressway, and its first spur route, I-691. I-691", "id": "8976770" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 15\n\n\nmore northeasterly in North Haven. Major junctions include the Milford Parkway (SR 796), a connector providing access to Interstate 95 and US 1 beginning just east of the Sikorsky Bridge; US 5 in Wallingford; and a complex set of interchanges in Meriden providing access to I-91, I-691, and the Route 66 expressway. The parkway ends about a mile north of I-691 as US 5 joins Route 15 and the road becomes a four-lane divided highway with signalized and at-grade intersections known as the Berlin Turnpike. After", "id": "14881517" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 66\n\n\nthe expressway from US 5 in Meriden to Middlefield (where the current expressway ends) opened to traffic. By 1968, the US 6A designation was removed and split into several routes. The section from I-84 in Southington to US 6 in Columbia was renumbered as Route 66, including the newly opened freeway segment. In 1971, another section of the Route 66 freeway opened from between Route 322 and US 5. In 1987, with the completion of the freeway connection to I-84, the section of Route 66 west of I-91 was", "id": "16691099" }, { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\naccess to Route 15 North for eastbound traffic. Exit 7 provides access to Downtown Meriden. Westbound traffic exits onto State Street Extension, while eastbound traffic enters onto Columbia Street. Exits 6 and 5 provide access to Route 71, as well as access to Westfield Meriden. Exit 6 exits to Lewis Avenue, while Exit 5 exits directly to Route 71. From here, I-691 passes along the north side of Hubbard Park as well as by Castle Craig before it crosses into Southington. It then meets the eastern end of Route 322", "id": "767381" }, { "contents": "Interstate 291 (Connecticut)\n\n\nInterstate 291 (I-291) is a short Interstate Highway in the state of Connecticut that starts at I-91 at its junction with Route 218 in Windsor and ends at I-84 in Manchester. It serves as a northeastern bypass of Hartford. The official length of I-291 is , including of the exit ramp to the merge with eastbound I-84. I-291 is also known as the Vietnam Veterans Memorial Highway for its entire length. I-291 begins at I-91 in Windsor at an interchange that also provides access to and from Route 218. Heading southeast, I-291", "id": "4834367" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 in Connecticut\n\n\ncity of Waterbury, where it intersects the Route 8 expressway and crosses the Naugatuck River on an elevated dual-decked viaduct known locally as The Mixmaster. After passing through Cheshire, I-84 intersects the western end of I-691 at the Cheshire–Southington town line, which is also the New Haven–Hartford county line. I-84 turns more northerly for a stretch to exit 31 (Route 229), which provides access to Lake Compounce Amusement Park and ESPN World Headquarters. The freeway heads more northeasterly to Plainville, where it has a", "id": "14727149" }, { "contents": "Interstate 384\n\n\nInterstate 384 (I-384) is an Interstate Highway located entirely within the state of Connecticut. It runs east to west, going from Interstate 84 in East Hartford to U.S. Route 6/U.S. Route 44 in Bolton. I-384 officially begins at I-84 eastbound Exit 59 at the East Hartford/Manchester town line, as the right 2 lanes of traffic split from the I-84 mainline. The highway can also be accessed from the I-84 eastbound HOV lane, and westbound I-384 traffic can also access the HOV lane on westbound I-84. Westbound I-84", "id": "10503364" }, { "contents": "Special routes of U.S. Route 6\n\n\n6A from Plymouth–Farmington, this became US 6A. This US 6A was subsequently extended through Meriden to Willimantic along modern Route 66. An expressway upgrade was planned for this US 6A. Only a portion of the highway was built and is now I-691. U.S. Route 6A (US 6A) between Coventry and Windham was designated when New England Interstate Route 3 (NE-3) was deleted. The route was swapped with the old US 6 in 1939 and finally deleted in 1942 when US 6A became Route 31. U.S. Route 6A (US", "id": "10795785" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 (Pennsylvania–Massachusetts)\n\n\nNew Milford. Route 6 leaves the interstate at the next exit, and I-84 continues east across the countryside. At Exit 11, it turns to the northeast and descends to cross the Housatonic River on the Rochambeau Bridge, into New Haven County. It then climbs onto higher ground to the city of Waterbury, which it passes on an elevated viaduct with the eastbound and westbound lanes on different levels. Here the CT 8 expressway intersects. The eastern heading continues past Waterbury to Milldale, where Interstate 691 splits off to the east", "id": "12185438" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 120\n\n\nRoute 120 is a state highway in Connecticut, running entirely in the town of Southington. It serves as a more direct connection between the town center of Southington and the city of Meriden. Route 120 begins at an intersection with Route 322 in southeastern Southington, just west of the Meriden city line and about from an interchange with I-691. It heads in a northwest direction, crossing Misery Brook about later, passing by the St. Thomas Cemetery, then intersecting with Route 364 after another . Route 120 ends at an intersection with Route", "id": "21983096" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 322\n\n\nmeets Route 10 at a grade separated intersection. It briefly crosses into Cheshire before crossing the Quinnipiac River and reentering southeastern Southington. It meets the southern end of Route 120 before ending at an interchange with I-691 near the Southington-Meriden town line. The road continues into Meriden as West Main Street. Route 322 was established in 1963, running from Route 69 to then US 6A (Meriden Road) in Wolcott. The year before becoming a signed route, Route 322 was taken over by the state and designated as unsigned SR", "id": "8420887" }, { "contents": "Interstate 91\n\n\n. As such, it is almost always heavily trafficked (especially during rush hour), and maintains at least three lanes in each direction through Connecticut except for a short portion in Hartford at the interchange with I-84 and in Meriden at the interchange with Route 15. The three cities also serve as Connecticut's control points along its length of the Interstate. I-91 begins just east of downtown New Haven at an interchange with I-95 (the Connecticut Turnpike), and Route 34. At the bottom of the ramp for exit 5,", "id": "8976769" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 66\n\n\nIt ran from the Milldale section of Southington, via Meriden and Middletown, to Willimantic. In the 1932 state highway renumbering, old Highway 111 was designated as part of Route 14, which extended from Woodbury to the Rhode Island state line. In 1941, the section of Route 14 from Woodbury to Willimantic was redesignated as US 6A, connecting at US 6 on both ends. In the early 1960s, plans for constructing a US 6A expressway between I-84 in Southington and Willimantic were announced. By 1966, a short portion of", "id": "16691098" }, { "contents": "Interstate 66\n\n\nfrom eastbound I-66 to the West Falls Church Metro station at the Leesburg Pike (Virginia State Route 7) interchange and will provide a new bridge for the W&OD Trail over Lee Highway (Virginia State Route 29). In Washington D.C., I-66 was planned to extend east of its current terminus along the North Leg of the Inner Loop freeway. I-66 would have also met the eastern terminus of a planned Interstate 266 at US 29, and the western terminus of the South Leg Freeway (I-695) at US 50; I-266 would", "id": "9038810" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 10\n\n\n. It then turns north onto Dixwell Avenue, and intersects the Wilbur Cross Parkway (Route 15) at Exit 60. In the center of Hamden, it turns onto Whitney Avenue. Proceeding northward, it encounters the northern end of the Route 40 freeway and the western end of Route 22 . In Cheshire, it meets the eastern end of Route 42, and has a brief triplex with Routes 68 and 70. At the north end of town is a junction with I-691 at Exit 3. It then enters Southington, where", "id": "16098035" }, { "contents": "Interstate 80 in Iowa\n\n\nthe east at the Jordan Creek Parkway exit. The highway adds a third lane eastbound and drops the third lane westbound. Almost to the east is the interchange with I-35, which also marks the beginning of I-235. Eastbound I-80 exits the freeway via a flyover ramp to northbound I-35; eastbound I-235 begins as the continuation of the I-80 freeway. Locally, this exit is called the West Mixmaster. I-80 shares the next with I-35 on a six-lane freeway where each direction's three lanes are separated by a Jersey barrier.", "id": "3837266" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 68\n\n\nto its junction with I-91 at Exit 15. After overpassing I-91 and passing a couple of business parks, Route 68 becomes a 2 lane road once again. It then enters Durham, where it passes the southern end of Route 157 before ending at Route 17 in the center of town. The road connecting Naugatuck and Cheshire was designated in 1922 as State Highway 325. In the 1932 state highway renumbering, former Highway 325 was renumbered to Route 68. The route was later extended east to Middlefield in 1966 along former SR 607", "id": "3645090" }, { "contents": "Interstate 480 (Nebraska–Iowa)\n\n\nLeavenworth neighborhood from the Old Market neighborhood. Shortly after the Leavenworth Street exit is the Harney Street exit, which provides access to U.S. Route 6 from eastbound I-480. before the North Freeway interchange, I-480 passes beneath Dodge and Douglas Streets, which are the westbound and eastbound lanes of U.S. 6, respectively. Just to the southwest of the Creighton University campus is the North Freeway interchange, where US 75 leaves eastbound I-480 and joins westbound. The North Freeway was originally planned to be an Interstate Highway, \"I-580\", connecting", "id": "10317788" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nExit 110 leading to the I-40 frontage road along the eastbound lanes, which suddenly becomes a divided highway named \"Route 66.\" The first intersection is a connecting road to the parts of the interchange with the eastbound on-ramp, as well as the frontage roads along the westbound lanes, leading to the western terminus of the business loop. Shortly after this is the barely paved Carson County Road BB. The divided highway ends just west of TX FM 295 and Carson County Road CC (Western Avenue), and gains", "id": "294168" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 in New York\n\n\n6 and 202 closely parallel I-84 to the north, between the freeway and one of the upper basins of East Branch Reservoir, part of New York City's water supply system. The northern terminus of NY 121 lets eastbound traffic on and westbound traffic off. Two miles (3.2 km) to the east, Signs appear for Saw Mill Road, exit 1 on Connecticut's stretch of I-84, and its ramps leave the highway just a hundred feet (30 m) before the state line. The route of I-84 through the", "id": "995373" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 34\n\n\nLegion Avenue, later becoming South Frontage Road (former Oak Street), while westbound Route 34 uses North Frontage Road. The eastbound section running along Legion Avenue and South Frontage Road (1.03 miles) is town-maintained. The corresponding westbound section along North Frontage Road is officially designated as State Road 706 but is signed as Route 34 West. Route 34 then continues along the Oak Street Connector, a six-lane freeway that connects to I-91 and I-95. The freeway portion has two westbound exits and three eastbound entrances,", "id": "5492586" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nfor BL-40, because south of this intersection is an approach to a westbound on-eastbound off wye interchange with I-40. Immediately after this intersection, BL-40 ends at an eastbound on-westbound off wye interchange with I-40. The Clinton business loop of Interstate 40 is the fourth business route of I-40 in Oklahoma, running from exit 65 to exit 69, although only part of the route runs along former US 66. The route begins at exit 65, which is an eastbound flyover with no re-entry, and a westbound", "id": "294183" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nand maintenance facility, and then leaves the frontage road at the on ramp to eastbound I-40, where it meets its terminus. The frontage roads along both sides of I-40 continue through three more interchanges before crossing the Texas-Oklahoma State Line. The Erick business loop of Interstate 40 is the first business route of I-40 in Oklahoma. It begins on exit 5 (Honeyfarm Drive) and runs south into North 1720th Road until that street ends at a four-lane divided highway known as East 1240th Road (former Route 66)", "id": "294176" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 542\n\n\nRoute 542 (also known as Ferguson Road) is a state road in northern Connecticut. It is contained inside the town of Vernon. It runs from Route 533 to Route 541. Route 542 begins at Route 543 (Tunnel Road) in the central portion of the town of Vernon. It then heads east for about before intersecting with exit 66 on Interstate 84 (I-84}. Only travelers on westbound I-84 can exit onto Route 542, and that travelers on Route 542 can only get onto westbound I-84. About from the", "id": "1160744" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 71\n\n\nas it intersects West Main Street. While southbound traffic may continue from West Main Street onto Cook Avenue, northbound traffic must turn right onto Hanover Street, then left onto South Grove Street, and left onto West Main Street to continue. Once reunited, Route 71 proceeds west on West Main Street before turning north onto Chamberlain Highway. It then crosses I-691 at Exit 5, with access to and from the west. It then crosses into Berlin, passing the eastern end of Route 364 before turning northeast as the Chamberlain Highway becomes", "id": "18857060" }, { "contents": "Interstate 91\n\n\nparallels the river, never more than from its shore. I-91 then enters the Hartford city limits. In Hartford, I-91 it has a set of interchanges with US 5/Route 15 (Wilbur Cross Highway), which provides access from I-91 north to I-84 east, and from I-84 west to I-91 south via the Charter Oak Bridge. I-91 then has an interchange with I-84, where all other movements to and from I-84 take place. Before leaving the city limits, an HOV lane begins that has its own set of interchanges", "id": "8976772" }, { "contents": "Interstate 210 (Louisiana)\n\n\nShip Channel. At the southeastern end of the bridge, the highway meets with exit 3, Prien Lake Road, eastbound. I-210 heads east through Lake Charles, turning 90 degrees at exit 8, LA 14/Gerstner Memorial Drive. The highway then heads north towards its eastern terminus with I-10 just east of Lake Charles. Though portions of the freeway run north-south, the entire route is signed east-west. All of I-210 is included as part of the National Highway System, a system of roadways important to", "id": "2671252" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 95 in California\n\n\nChemehuevi Mountains before entering the city of Needles after several miles. After passing the Needles Municipal Airport, US 95 merges onto I-40 westbound and continues through Needles on the freeway. US 95 exits from I-40 west of Needles and continues northwest to Searchlight Junction, where US 95 continues north at the junction with the old routing of US 66. The highway continues north, east of Homer Mountain, to the Nevada state line. US 95 is part of the California Freeway and Expressway System, and a small portion near I-10 and the", "id": "21402148" }, { "contents": "Interstate 66\n\n\nInterstate 66 (I-66) is an Interstate Highway in the eastern United States. As indicated by its even route number, it runs in an east–west direction. Its current western terminus is near Middletown, Virginia, at an interchange with I-81; its eastern terminus is in Washington, D.C., at an interchange with U.S. Route 29. Because of its terminus in the Shenandoah Valley, the highway was once called the \"Shenandoah Freeway.\" Much of the route parallels U.S. Route 29 or Virginia State Route 55. Interstate", "id": "9038774" }, { "contents": "Interstate 95 in Connecticut\n\n\nof around 150,000 throughout the entire length between the New York state line and the junction with I-91 in New Haven. The Turnpike intersects with several major expressways, namely US 7 at Exit 15 in Norwalk, Route 8 and Route 25 at Exit 27A in Bridgeport (quickest way to I-84 from southwest CT), the Merritt and Wilbur Cross Parkways at Exit 38 (via the Milford Parkway) in Milford, and Interstate 91 at Exit 48 in New Haven. North (east) of I-91, the Turnpike continues along the Connecticut", "id": "5620386" }, { "contents": "Missouri Route 96\n\n\nRoute 96 was redesignated as Route YY west of Route 171 when Kansas deleted the eastern part of K-96. Route 96 begins at a partial interchange with Interstate 44 (I-44) just west of Halltown (there is no access to westbound I-44 or from eastbound I-44). The highway is a two-lane road and is relatively straight all the way to Carthage. Approximately west of I-44 is the western terminus of Route 266. Approximately further west, Route 96 is joined by Historic Route 66. At Albatross, is an intersection", "id": "11824778" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nI-40, and the former segment of US 66 along the north side continues as one of the two I-40 frontage roads. The Amarillo business loop of Interstate 40 begins at I-40 exit 62A just west of Amarillo. The highway was formerly a business route for Route 66, being that highway's only bannered route in Texas. Bus. I-40 D is known locally as Amarillo Boulevard and is the longest buisness route of Interstate 40. Bus. I-40 D begins at Interstate 40 exit 62A just west of Amarillo near Cadillac Ranch. The", "id": "294164" }, { "contents": "Interstate 540 and North Carolina Highway 540\n\n\nto the Western Wake Freeway and future Southern and Eastern Wake Freeways. As of January 2013, the North Carolina state route traverses east–west from I-40, in Durham County to NC 55, in Holly Springs. Initially intended to be signed as an extension of the I-540 loop, the first section of the route bears mile markers and exit numbers for the complete Interstate loop, going from 66 to 69. In Mid-2012, this section of the beltway became part of the Triangle Expressway. No portion of I-540 is tolled.", "id": "6204061" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 229\n\n\nRoute 229 is a state highway in the western Greater Hartford area of the U.S. state of Connecticut. It runs north–south from Interstate 84 in Southington to U.S. Route 6 in Bristol. Along the way, it intersects Route 72 in the Forestville section of Bristol. Route 229 nominally begins at the end of the eastbound Exit 31 off-ramp of I-84 in western Southington, heading northward along West Street. State maintenance and the official southern end of Route 229 actually begins about south of the off-ramp. West Street", "id": "7429975" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nwhich focuses on the roads former status as Route 66. The commercial strip ends after a dirt road named North Tennessee Street. \"Route 66\" splits from East 12th Street at an intersection that's another connecting road to the eastbound off-ramp of Exit 164, the then runs over the overpass above I-40 to turn right at the frontage road along the westbound lanes leading to the western beginning of the business loop. Eastbound Business Interstate Route 40-J narrows down to a two-lane undivided highway before passing by a TxDOT construction", "id": "294175" }, { "contents": "Highway revolts in the United States\n\n\nInterstate 291 beltway west of Interstate 91, the proposed Interstate 484 expressway through the downtown, and the proposed Interstate 284 expressway between East Hartford and South Windsor, and Interstate 491 from Wethersfield to Manchester. After these freeways were cancelled, the State of Connecticut used the funds allocated for their construction to rebuild and expand existing freeways in the Greater Hartford area. In 1992 the Route 9 Expressway was extended north from I-91 in New Britain to Interstate 84 in Farmington, completing what would have been the southwest quadrant of the I-291 beltway;", "id": "256037" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 in Connecticut\n\n\nthe northern end of the Route 15 expressway, it inherits the Wilbur Cross Highway name for the rest of its length. From 1968 until 1984, the I-84 designation ended here, and the highway became I-86 for the rest of its length, as I-84 was once planned to be built east toward Providence, Rhode Island. I-84 intersects one of the remnants of the abandoned project, I-384, as part of a series of complex interchanges in Manchester including the end of the US 6 concurrency at exit 60, and a connection to", "id": "14727152" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nfrontage roads along the westbound lanes leading to the western beginning of the business loop, and an unorthodox roadside attraction known as the Leaning Tower of Texas. Business Interstate Route 40-F ends at the on ramp to eastbound I-40, as does the divided former US 66, which is converted back into the frontage road along the eastbound lanes of I-40. The McLean business loop of Interstate 40 runs from exit 141 to 143. Officially designated as Business Interstate 40-H by the Texas Department of Transportation, it begins at I-40 at an eastbound flyover", "id": "294170" }, { "contents": "Maryland Route 53\n\n\nstate highway then meets its northern terminus at an intersection with US 40 Alternate in La Vale. Access to westbound I-68 is provided a short distance to the east on US 40 Alternate. MD 53 is part of US 220 Truck, which provides access from Interstate 68 (I-68) west of La Vale to southbound US 220 for trucks due to a truck prohibition on the eastbound exit ramp for I-68's interchange with US 220. The state highway is part of the main National Highway System from US 220 to I-68; in addition", "id": "11898711" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 84\n\n\nend street at the truck stop along the aforementioned frontage road. Interstate 84 Business was a business loop of I-84 along in Morgan, Utah. It ran north along Utah State Route 66 at Exit 103 (State Street) to East 600th Street running along the north side of I-84 until the former westbound-off-ramp and eastbound on-ramp that was once westbound Exit 103 until the mid-1990s. Interstate 84 Business was a business loop of I-84 along in Henefer, Utah. It ran southeast along the southwest side of I-84", "id": "6061978" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 5 in Connecticut\n\n\nStreet becomes Broad Street after the intersection with Hall Avenue as it passes by the eastern part of the city, avoiding the downtown area. Past Olive Street, the road becomes divided with a wide grassy median. At the north end of the divided section, it has an intersection with East Main Street, the main east–west business route through the city. About north of East Main Street, US 5 has an interchange with I-691 (at exit 8). At the intersection with Brittania Street, the road becomes North Broad", "id": "5428414" }, { "contents": "Interstate 91\n\n\nthe river can also be easily accessed in this stretch. At exit 19 is the northern terminus of I-93, a major interstate highway in New England, which provides a direct route south through the White Mountains and to almost all major cities in New Hampshire. Just after exit 19, there are three exits for St. Johnsbury, including a major intersection with US 2. Along westbound US 2, the capital of Vermont, Montpelier, is eventually reached from I-91, although I-89 provides Montpelier with immediate Interstate access. I-91 continues northward", "id": "8976783" }, { "contents": "Massachusetts Turnpike\n\n\nand the seventh-longest gap between exits in the entire Interstate Highway System. The highest elevation on the turnpike exists in The Berkshires, reaching above sea level in Becket; this point is also the highest elevation on I-90 east of South Dakota. Beyond the peak elevation and between the exits, an eastbound runaway truck ramp exists in Russell. The turnpike has an interchange with I-91 and US 5 at exit 4 in West Springfield; it passes over the Connecticut River before reaching Route 33 at exit 5 and I-291 at exit 6", "id": "8595595" }, { "contents": "County Route 66 (California)\n\n\ncrossing paths with the freeway again at Fenner, before heading east on Goffs Road to the junction with US 95. Next, CR 66 cosigns along US 95 south to the junction with I-40, where both the US and county routes cosign with I-40 heading east towards Needles. CR 66 exits the freeway at River Road Cutoff, where it immediately turns onto National Trails Highway after exiting. The route follows National Trails Highway to its end on River Road, then begins its southeast journey into downtown Needles. After an interchange with I-40", "id": "21979064" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 (Pennsylvania–Massachusetts)\n\n\n. This section has many left-hand exits and entrances and sharp curves, which were built for a planned network of freeways. I-84 heads northeast towards New Britain and Hartford, the state capital and the largest community along its eastern length. After intersecting Interstate 91, the road crosses the Connecticut River on the Bulkeley Bridge, oldest on the Interstate system, then becomes the Wilbur Cross Highway and continues towards the northeast. The last exit in Connecticut is Exit 74, an exit for Route 171. I-84 crosses the Massachusetts border", "id": "12185439" }, { "contents": "Rhode Island Route 4\n\n\n. After exit 7, Route 4 continues northward as a six-lane expressway, passing farmlands to the west and entering a suburban region of East Greenwich. The highway crosses under an overpass at Middle Road before interchanging with Route 401, the freeway's final spur, at another partial cloverleaf interchange. Exit 8 is also used to access Route 2 and I-95 south, which has no direct freeway connection with Route 4 north. Shortly after exit 8, the Route 4 designation ends and the mainline of the highway defaults onto I-95", "id": "14737226" }, { "contents": "Cromwell, Connecticut\n\n\nis land and (4.03%) is water. A major north/south highway, Interstate 91, with two Cromwell exits, runs through the Town. The Central Connecticut Expressway (Route 9), opened at the end of 1989, enhances the Town's location as it connects I-95 in Old Saybrook, I-91 in Cromwell and I-84, the State's major east/west highway in New Britain. As of the census of 2010, there were 14,005 people, 5,212 households, and 3,262 families residing in the town.", "id": "17977773" }, { "contents": "Interstate 190 (South Dakota)\n\n\n16 westbound goes east on Omaha Street and eastbound runs north concurrently with I-190. I-190 then becomes a freeway, with an exit to North Street. I-190 then passes under Anamosa Street before an on-ramp from the northbound lanes of West Boulevard. Both US 16 and I-190 then terminate at a trumpet interchange with I-90/US 14/SD 79. Legally, the route of I-190 is defined at South Dakota Codified Laws § 31-4-203. I-190 was opened in 1962 to connect Rapid City to the recently completed", "id": "2672231" }, { "contents": "Interstate 210 and State Route 210 (California)\n\n\nfor the interchange between State Route 57 and the Foothill Freeway, Interstate 210. The \"curve\" portion refers to the interchange from the northbound lanes of State Route 57 to the westbound lanes of I-210, and from the eastbound lanes of I-210 to the southbound lanes of State Route 57. The origin of the name comes from its location in the city of Glendora. Prior to 2002, this interchange was entirely part of I-210, and the eastern terminus of I-210 ended several miles south of the curve at the Kellogg Interchange at", "id": "2671217" }, { "contents": "Interstate 78 in New Jersey\n\n\nEntering more commercial areas, Route 173 merges onto I-78/US 22 at exit 13. At exit 15, the highway interchanges with CR 513, and Route 173 splits from I-78/US 22 by heading north on CR 513. At this point, the freeway enters Franklin Township briefly at exit 15 and then enters Clinton where it crosses the South Branch Raritan River. I-78/US 22 turns northeast and leaves Clinton for Clinton Township, where it has an eastbound exit and westbound entrance for Route 173 that also provides access to", "id": "16353900" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 15\n\n\nlimits, the business route veers onto Center Street and follows that through the center of town. At the north end of the city, I-15 Bus. turns west and runs concurrently with US 30 to its northern end at I-15 Exit 47. Interstate 15 Business runs for exactly through Inkom in northern Bannock County. I-15 Bus. mostly follows Old Highway 91 between Exits 57 and 58, a pair of partial interchanges. Interstate 15 Business spans through Pocatello in northern Bannock County. I-15 Bus. begins at I-15 Exit 67, where", "id": "15434019" }, { "contents": "Interstate 10 in California\n\n\nI-10 down Interstate 5 between the East LA Interchange and the Santa Monica Freeway, negating a section of the San Bernardino Freeway west of I-5. This short section of Route 10 between Route 5 and Route 101, which was formerly defined as Route 110 (signed as Interstate 110) until 1968, is signed overhead for I-10 eastbound and for U.S. 101 westbound. This I-5/I-10 cosigning is consistent with the Federal Highway Administration's Interstate Highway route logs that such an overlap exists for the segment of I-10 in California. I-10 is", "id": "10298840" }, { "contents": "Nevada State Route 425\n\n\ncenter of Verdi, then southeast to its terminus at the I-80 East Verdi interchange (Exit 5). Although designated a state route and an Interstate business route, there are no route shields posted along the highway itself. The I-80 business route extends beyond the end of SR 425. From the highway's western terminus, I-80 Business follows Gold Ranch Road an additional south to end at an I-80 westbound onramp. The highway originally carried State Route 1 and later U.S. Route 40 on its trek west from Reno over Donner Pass towards", "id": "5840323" }, { "contents": "Interstate 516\n\n\ncurrent western terminus of I-516. In 1985, the entire highway from its then-current western terminus at Burnsed Blvd to Montgomery Street was designated as I-516. The freeway portion was extended westward to the interchange with SR 25 (Burnsed Blvd) and eastward to the current eastern terminus. Also US 17/SR 25 and US 80/SR 26 were re-routed along the freeway, from the West Bay Street exit to the Ogeechee Road exit. In 1995, US 17 had a major re-routing through the city", "id": "10860994" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 15\n\n\nState Route 28. Interstate 15 Business is a Business loop of Interstate 15 in Bringham City, and is also concurrent with Business Loop 84. It runs from an interchange at Exit 362 on I-15/84 at first along U.S. Route 91 to the intersection with U.S. Route 89 and UT 13. US 91 continues east along US 89, while BL 15/84 turns left to go north along UT 13 (South Main Street). Further in town, the road serves as the west end of Utah State Route 90. At Forest Street,", "id": "15434015" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 95 in Nevada\n\n\nthe Henderson Spaghetti Bowl (also known as the Hender-Bender) interchange of Interstate 215 and SR 564 and Interstate 515 begins. The freeway then heads west into Downtown Las Vegas, where it intersects Interstate 15. At the Spaghetti Bowl interchange, US 93 follows I-15 northbound and I-515 ends. US 95 heads west, then north at the Rainbow Curve. The freeway portion then ends at Corn Creek Road northwest of the Las Vegas Valley and then it becomes a brief four-lane divided highway. US 95 exits Clark County", "id": "7359006" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 15\n\n\nwhen it turns east onto Alameda Road, which becomes Pocatello Creek Road when it veers northeast to the business route's terminus at I-15 Exit 71. Interstate 15 Business has a length of through Blackfoot in central Bingham County. I-15 Bus. begins at I-15 Exit 89 near the northern end of the Fort Hall Indian Reservation and follows US 91 northeast parallel to the Union Pacific Railroad. The highways cross the Blackfoot River into the city of Blackfoot along Broadway Street. In downtown Blackfoot, the routes veer onto Main Street, then I-15", "id": "15434021" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 50 in Maryland\n\n\neastbound exit. Following this interchange, US 50 passes office parks and industrial development in New Carrollton. The highway reaches a hybrid turbine interchange with I-95/I-495, the Capital Beltway. At the I-95/I-495 interchange, the US 50 freeway becomes part of the Interstate Highway System as I-595, which is an unsigned highway. The road heads east as an ten-lane freeway, with the left lane in each direction designated as a high-occupancy vehicle lane (HOV lane). The freeway passes near residential development and", "id": "21110676" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nloop of Interstate 40 is the third business route of I-40 in Oklahoma. It runs northeast along former US 66 from eastbound exit 32 and turns east after the beginning of an overlap with OK 6 that runs along the route until OK 6 turns south at North Main Street. From there it snakes through the northeastern part of the city and after the intersection with OK 34 finally terminates with I-40 at westbound exit 41. The route begins at a left exit in a wye interchange with Interstate 40, which also serves as a connection", "id": "294180" }, { "contents": "Iowa Highway 330\n\n\nused as a connector between Des Moines and the Waterloo–Cedar Falls area. Iowa 330 begins at an interchange with Interstate 80 (I-80), U.S. Route 6 (US 6), and US 65 in Altoona. The I-80 freeway runs east–west; US 6 comes up from the southwest along Hubbell Avenue and joins eastbound I-80 while US 65 exits eastbound I-80 and turns onto Hubbell heading northeast. For the first of its routing, Iowa 330 shares the same roadway with US 65. The two routes head northeast on", "id": "10381823" }, { "contents": "Interstate 180 (Pennsylvania)\n\n\nat an interchange with U.S. Route 15 and U.S. Route 220. The highway begins its signage, concurrent along these routes. At exit 27A, US 15 leaves the overlap running south across the Carl E. Stotz Memorial Little League Bridge and I-180 continues eastward, still concurrent with US 220 northbound. From there, I-180 runs along the West Branch Susquehanna River until the highway reaches the eastern suburbs of Williamsport, where US 220 leaves the Interstate via exit 15. From US 220 to the eastern terminus, I-180 is aligned north–south", "id": "4494305" }, { "contents": "Interstate 76 (Ohio–New Jersey)\n\n\nJersey. After I-76 reaches its eastern terminus, the freeway continues as Route 42 and the Atlantic City Expressway to Atlantic City. I-76 begins at I-71 at exit 209, east of Lodi, Ohio; U.S. Route 224 (US 224) continues west from the end of I-76. The interchange was previously a double trumpet, but was reconstructed in 2010. Officially, I-76 begins at the beginning of the ramp from I-71 north; it merges with US 224 at mile 0.61. After passing through rural Medina County, I-76 enters Summit", "id": "12185505" }, { "contents": "Interstate 215 (Utah)\n\n\ninterchange features a grade-separated ramp from northbound 2000 East to eastbound I-215. Past this junction, another interchange at Union Park Avenue appears. Another grade-separated ramp from Union Park Avenue is present. The freeway enters Murray as an interchange serving westbound motorists connects to 280 East and State Street (U.S. Route 89, or US-89). Eastbound travelers connect to State Street further west at a separate exit. The road turns northwest for a short time to approach a junction at I-15 (often called the South Interchange).", "id": "9551591" }, { "contents": "List of state routes in Connecticut\n\n\n. Routes are signed state highways and are assigned numbers from 1 to 399 (with the exception of I-684 and I-691). All state, U.S. and Interstate highways are part of the same numbering system. In 1926, the U.S. highway system was implemented. U.S. Routes 1, 5, 6, and 7 were used as designations on several primary state highways, replacing New England routes 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. The other New England routes that were not re-designated as U.S. routes became ordinary", "id": "5492536" }, { "contents": "Interstate 291 (Massachusetts)\n\n\ndirectly through highly populated areas of Springfield, and passes under several overpasses. From its southwestern terminus to exit 5A, Interstate 291 is concurrent with U.S. Route 20. I-291 is only from Interstate 291 in Connecticut, and there are no intervening Interstate Highway interchanges between them. It can be easy for travelers to become confused between the two highways. Interstate 291 begins as a spur of Interstate 91 at Exit 8 in Springfield, concurrent with U.S. 20, which merges from the north. The two entry ramps from I-91 merge with each", "id": "1778230" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 15\n\n\nprovides access to the end of the Sprinter commuter train line. Shortly thereafter, I-15 Business intersects County Route S14, and then interchanges with State Route 78. The interchange is the last interchange on the 78 before its freeway status ends, and there are only ramps for a westbound entrance or eastbound exit. Continuing north, I-15 Business intersects with El Norte Parkway, a major arterial road, before reconnecting with Interstate 15 at I-15 exit 34 near the northern city limits of Escondido. Though the street itself continues northward well on into", "id": "15434009" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 9\n\n\nSaybrook to I-91 in Cromwell is known as the \"Chester Bowles Highway\". The section from I-91 in Cromwell to Exit 24 in Berlin is known as the \"Korean War Veterans Memorial Highway\". The section from Route 72 in New Britain to Route 175 in Newington is known as the \"Taras Shevchenko Expressway\". The section from Route 175 in Newington to the junction with I-84 is known as the \"Iwo Jima Memorial Expressway\". The road connecting Deep River (then known as Saybrook) and Wethersfield along the west", "id": "15881247" }, { "contents": "Colorado State Highway 74\n\n\nthe Evergreen Parkway segment to four lanes and constructing an interchange with I-70. SH 74 begins at an interchange with I-70 in El Rancho. Ramps from I-70 westbound branch off the freeway's exit 252 from the north side and cross the highway southwestward. Access to SH 74 from I-70 eastbound is provided via U.S. Highway 40 (US 40) a slight distance to the west. From I-70, the roadway heads southwesterly through El Rancho, meeting an intersection with US 40 (Swede Gulch Road). The route heads westward before turning", "id": "12873578" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 84\n\n\nsoutheast corner of that intersection, and the contemporary but still traditional Brigham City Utah Temple on the southwest corner. UT 13 ends at the southern terminus of the overlap of US 89/91, and BL-15/84 makes a sharp right turn along southbound US 91, while South Main Street is taken over by southbound US 89. US 91/BL-15/84 runs west along West 1100th Street South. BL-15/84 ends at Exit 362, a diverging diamond interchange with I-15/84, while West 1100th Street South continues into the I-15 frontage road, and becomes a dead", "id": "6061977" }, { "contents": "Interstate 384\n\n\naccess to I-384 is provided through a complex interchange that also provides access from Pleasant Valley Road near Buckland Hills Mall and from I-291. I-384's first exit is for Spencer Street. The eastbound ramp is on the I-384 mainline, while the westbound ramp comes from a split in the I-84 interchange ramp. Just east of the Spencer Street overpass, the ramp from westbound I-84 joins the I-384 mainline and the HOV lane becomes a conventional lane. I-384 continues along the southern part of Manchester. It has one interchange before it intersects Route", "id": "10503365" }, { "contents": "Interstate 78 in New Jersey\n\n\ninto Springfield Township. The freeway passes near First Watchung Mountain before coming to the Route 24 interchange, where suburban development becomes more dense. At Route 24, I-78 divides into local and express lanes, with three express and three local lanes eastbound and two express and three local lanes westbound. In this section of the highway, most access is via the local lanes, though the next exit for Route 124 includes a direct westbound onramp to the express lanes. Before Route 124, I-78 briefly runs east through Millburn in Essex County", "id": "16353906" }, { "contents": "California State Route 237\n\n\n85. Westbound traffic can connect to Route 85 southbound, but the eastbound traffic connection to Route 85 northbound is labeled as an exit for U.S. 101. Route 237 intersects with Highway 101 at the southern corner of Moffett Field. After this intersection, a carpool lane is added, for a total of three lanes in either direction. It remains like this until the east end of the freeway at Interstate 880, where most eastbound traffic is directed to northbound I-880. The route then becomes a city street (an arterial road)", "id": "9003349" }, { "contents": "Massachusetts Route 141\n\n\nas Easthampton Road, crossing roads south of Mount Tom. Crossing through the Rock Valley section of Holyoke, the highway passes south of the Whiting Reservoir and Wyckoff Country Club, entering the Smiths Valley section. Through Smiths Valley, Route 141 runs southeast through a residential neighborhood, reaching a ramp to Interstate 91 southbound (I-91 exit 17). After another turn, the route crosses into a trumpet interchange with I-91 northbound, becoming a one-way couplet through downtown Holyoke. Route 141 eastbound runs along Dwight Street while Route 141", "id": "2532205" }, { "contents": "Interstate 295 (Delaware–Pennsylvania)\n\n\nof Penndel. Following this interchange, the freeway runs south-southeast near suburban residential areas as it heads west of Levittown. I-295 enters Bristol Township and terminates at an interchange with I-95 at I-276 (Pennsylvania Turnpike). At this interchange, I-295 merges into southbound I-95, with access from westbound I-295 to southbound I-95 and from northbound I-95 to eastbound I-295; there are no ramps connecting I-295 and the Pennsylvania Turnpike. In the 1927 New Jersey state highway renumbering, Route 39 was legislated to begin at the Yardley–Wilburtha Bridge", "id": "9627779" }, { "contents": "James River Freeway\n\n\n. The portion of the James River Freeway between I-44 and the interchange with US 60 and Route 413 is designated as Route 360. Other than its endpoints, there is only one interchange on the route: Route MM in Brookline (now part of Republic). Exit markers for the highway mark the road as the James River Freeway and have no control cities, only \"To Route 60\" eastbound and \"To I-44\" westbound. The control cities between US 60 and US 65 are Republic westbound and Rogersville eastbound. At", "id": "6615288" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 6 in Rhode Island\n\n\nturns south on the I-295 collector/distributor roads to the west end of that freeway. The south interchange of US 6 and I-295 has numerous ramp stubs once intended for a western continuation of the Roberts Expressway as Interstate 84. The six-lane Roberts Expressway has interchanges with Route 5, U.S. Route 6A, Route 128, and US 6A again on its way to Olneyville. It crosses from Johnston into Providence just west of the bridge over Route 128. At the second US 6A interchange, the older Olneyville Bypass begins,", "id": "21794194" }, { "contents": "Flatbush Avenue Connector\n\n\nstate proposed the corridor as the Cedar Ridge Connector with no number, leading from its current terminus at I-84 to U.S. 5/Route 15 in Wethersfield. The short expressway planned to include an interchange with a planned but cancelled Route 71 expressway leading to New Britain. Circa 2015, the viaduct carrying the northbound ramp to Eastbound I-84 was removed, and a new alignment adjacent to the southbound off ramp from Westbound I-84 was built. Exit 45 is currently an incomplete interchange, with ramps only for I-84 westbound to SR 504 (left", "id": "5839909" }, { "contents": "Interstate 195 (New Jersey)\n\n\ndesignation west and south, along existing I-95 instead. I-195's western terminus is at a modified cloverleaf interchange with I-295 in Hamilton Township, Mercer County, located southeast of the city of Trenton. From this end, the freeway continues north into Trenton as Route 29. I-195 serves as the southern continuation of Route 29, continuing east from I-295 as a six-lane expressway, passing between suburban neighborhoods to the north and the Crosswicks Creek to the south. After the exit for US 206, the highway narrows to four lanes", "id": "14760197" }, { "contents": "Massachusetts Route 25\n\n\nRoute 25 west mainline onto Route 495 north, with the right-hand lane serving I-195 via Exit 1. From I-195, Route 25 east is accessible via Exit 22A; I-195 terminates at the interchange. Interstate 495 also terminates at its junction with Route 25; the two southbound lanes of I-495 default onto Route 25 east. After the interchange with I-195 and I-495, Route 25 begins to head in a southeastern direction into the town of Wareham as a six-lane freeway. The route passes under Tihonet Road and through Maple", "id": "18239659" }, { "contents": "California State Route 56\n\n\ncompleted in 1995 after several lawsuits filed by the Sierra Club and other community groups. The two ends were not connected until the middle portion of the freeway was completed in 2004. The delay was largely due to funding issues and environmental concerns. Eastbound SR 56 begins as a ramp from the northbound I-5's local bypass lanes. The interchange is not complete; southbound I-5 traffic must exit to Carmel Valley Road before entering SR 56. Westbound traffic on SR 56 merges into the southbound I-5 local bypass lanes, which provide access to", "id": "2729277" }, { "contents": "Utah State Route 161\n\n\nState Route 161 (SR-161) is a long state highway, designated as a rural major connector, completely within Millard County in central Utah. The highway connects Interstate 70 (I-70) to I-15 while providing service to historic Cove Fort. The route was once part of U.S. Route 91 (US-91), but was renumbered to SR-161 in the 1970s, in parallel with the construction of I-70. Located entirely in southeastern Millard County, SR-161 starts at a diamond interchange with the westernmost exit on I-70 before it terminates at I-15.", "id": "14472451" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 in Connecticut\n\n\nbrief concurrency with Route 72 to the New Britain city line. From the Route 72 junction through Farmington, West Hartford, and into Hartford, I-84 has many left-hand exits and entrances and sharp curves, which were built for a planned network of freeways. In Farmington, US 6 joins I-84 once again at exit 38, and both meet the northern end of the Route 9 expressway at a half-used multi-level stack interchange that was originally planned to be part of the mostly-cancelled I-291 Hartford Beltway.", "id": "14727150" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 40\n\n\nan interchange. Route 40 begins from northbound I-91 in North Haven as the Exit 10 off-ramp. The designation runs for along the exit ramp. The expressway then proceeds northwest and is joined by on-ramps from Bailey Road and southbound I-91. The I-91 interchange includes an overpass over the Quinnipiac River and railroad tracks. About past the I-91 interchange, the road crosses over another set of railroad tracks, then has an interchange with U.S. Route 5. Access to and from US 5 is via Dixwell Avenue (SR 717", "id": "15644232" }, { "contents": "Interstate 695 (District of Columbia)\n\n\nsome remaining \"To I-395\" signage can still be found along I-695 westbound. The new signs designate I-695 as extending from the point where I-395 branches off from the Southeast Freeway, with I-695 continuing along the Southeast Freeway and over the new 11th Street Bridge to the interchange with I-295. However, some commentators contend the new signage is confusing and that the Southeast Freeway is often confused with Baltimore's Beltway, a highway with the same route designation. The entire route is in Washington, D.C. Exits were unnumbered until July 2014.", "id": "13815020" }, { "contents": "California State Route 91\n\n\nState Route 91 (SR 91) is a major east–west state highway in the U.S. state of California that serves several regions of the Greater Los Angeles urban area. A freeway throughout its entire length, it officially runs from Vermont Avenue in Gardena, just west of the junction with the Harbor Freeway (Interstate 110, I-110), east to Riverside at the junction with the Pomona (SR 60 west of SR 91) and Moreno Valley (SR 60 and I-215 east of SR 91) freeways. Though signs along", "id": "4945631" }, { "contents": "Tennessee State Route 182\n\n\nState Route 182 (abbreviated SR 182) is a secondary state highway in western Dyer County, Tennessee. This route is primarily rural in nature throughout its length. The first of SR 182 from its southern terminus with SR 104 to Interstate 155 is a modern two-lane facility with a speed limit. I-155 ended at Exit 7 during the 1970s and this section of SR 182 also served as a temporary link to SR 104 for eastbound motorists until the freeway was completed to Exit 15. SR 182 north of I-155 to its", "id": "12693771" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 4 in New Hampshire\n\n\nI-93 southbound, and runs along the freeway until Exit 15E in Concord. At this interchange, US-4 leaves I-93 and joins Interstate 393 and U.S. Route 202 which run eastbound out of the city. The two U.S. routes overlap I-393 to its terminus in the northern corner of Pembroke. I-393 then ends, and US-4/US-202 merge onto Route 9 eastbound through Chichester and into Epsom. The road crosses Route 28 at the Epsom Traffic Circle, then continues east and intersects Route 107, forming a long four-route concurrency into Northwood", "id": "19470164" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 9\n\n\nriver, it passes through the towns of Essex, Deep River, Chester, Haddam, and Middletown). After its junction with Interstate 91 in Cromwell, Route 9 continues westward then northward, running through the Hartford area towns/cities of Berlin, New Britain, Newington, and Farmington. At the junction with I-84/US 6 near the Farmington - West Hartford town line, Route 9 follows the ramps for eastbound I-84 and ends at the merge with I-84 immediately after crossing the town line. Route 9 has a non", "id": "15881245" }, { "contents": "Maryland Route 32\n\n\nCSX line) and several industrial parks in Annapolis Junction. MD 32 continues northwest into Savage, where the highway has a cloverleaf interchange with US 1 (Washington Boulevard) that includes collector-distributor lanes in both directions. North of Savage, the freeway has a partial cloverleaf interchange with I-95 that has a pair of left-exiting ramps from westbound MD 32 to southbound I-95 and from eastbound MD 32 to northbound I-95; because of these left exits, I-95 is configured differently in that its southbound lanes pass under MD 32 and", "id": "8470347" }, { "contents": "Interstate 95 in Massachusetts\n\n\nto eight lanes. Then the highway passes through Newton, then enters Weston and has a large interchange with the Massachusetts Turnpike (I-90) that provides connections to nearby Route 30. There is a fourth lane after the interchange with Route 9. Exits 23, 24, and 25 are one combined exit northbound. I-95 and Route 128 are due west of Boston at this point and begin to turn to the northeast, serving the city of Waltham and the town of Lexington along the way. The freeway has an interchange with Route", "id": "18993893" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 372\n\n\nthe Mattabesset River, intersecting I-91 at Exit 21. It then widens to 4 lanes, and intersects the northern end of Route 217. Farther east, it crosses Route 3 before meeting Route 9 once again at Exit 19. It then turns southeast to at an intersection with Route 99 at the Cromwell town center. Route 72 was established in the 1932 state highway renumbering between Route 66 in Middletown and Route 10 Plainville. By the beginning of 1963, after the implementation of the 1962 Route Reclassification Act, Route 72 was extended", "id": "8495485" }, { "contents": "Interstate 664\n\n\nhas a connection to Portsmouth through Virginia State Route 164 (SR 164) and to Suffolk via U.S. Route 13, US 58, and US 460. I-664 begins at a full Y interchange with I-64 and I-264 that serves as the terminus of all three Interstates in the Bowers Hill section of the city of Chesapeake. I-64 heads southeast as a continuation of the Hampton Roads Beltway through Chesapeake while I-264 heads east toward Portsmouth and Norfolk. I-664 heads west as an eight-lane freeway that has a southbound-only exit ramp to", "id": "13145352" }, { "contents": "Virginia State Route 194\n\n\ncloverleaf interchange with I-64 (Hampton Roads Beltway) that only contains ramps in the northeast and southwest quadrants of the interchange. Northbound SR 194 has an exit ramp to and an entrance ramp from westbound I-64. Southbound SR 194 has an exit ramp to and an entrance ramp from eastbound I-64. The missing connections with I-64 are made via SR 247 to the south and SR 165 (Little Creek Road) to the north of the Interstate. North of SR 165, SR 194 becomes a four-lane divided highway north to its", "id": "19152409" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nalphabetic values to allow for future system expansion. The alphabetic naming suffixes are included as small letters on the bottom of reassurance shields. The Glenrio business spur of Interstate 40 begins at I-40 on exit 0 just east of the New Mexico-Texas state line. The highway runs south from the interchange towards Former route 66, then turns west along that decommissioned route where it terminates at the Texas-New Mexico State Line. The Adrian business loop of Interstate 40 begins at I-40 at exit 22 and runs along Former route 66 to", "id": "294158" }, { "contents": "Vermont Route 103\n\n\nand slightly better road across the Green Mountains to Rutland, it is a direct east–west road intersecting Interstate 91 significantly north of the diagonal 103. Numerous proposals to widen 103 into a two-lane freeway or similar limited-access roadway have failed, even though a substantial power company right of way shadows the road for much of its length. VT 103 begins at U.S. Route 5 in Rockingham just east of Interstate 91 and just north of Bellows Falls. From there, it interchanges with I-91 at exit 6 and proceeds", "id": "13506058" } ]

[ { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\nInterstate 691 (I-691) is a portion of the Interstate Highway System in Connecticut beginning at Interstate 91 in Meriden and ending at Interstate 84 near the Cheshire-Southington town line. It is in length, including of the exit ramp to the merge with westbound I-84. I-691 is also known as the Henry D. Altobello Highway for its entire length. I-691 is the main east–west highway of the city of Meriden. The freeway actually begins in Middlefield as Route 66, technically becoming I-691 at the junction with I-91 (Exit", "id": "767379" }, { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\n11). However, westbound signage indicates I-691 begins at the start of the freeway (just west of Exit 13), while eastbound signage shows I-691 ending at the Route 15 interchange (at eastbound Exit 10 about west of the interchange with I-91). To go from I-91 northbound to I-691 westbound (or from I-691 eastbound to I-91 southbound), one must actually use Route 15. Exit 9 westbound provides access to Route 15 North. West of the I-91/Route 15 interchange, I-691 meets US 5, which provides", "id": "767380" }, { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\n66. The highway was extended west to Exit 4 by 1971. The connection to I-84 was eventually completed in 1987, with the renumbering to I-691 done at the same time. The portion east of I-91 remained as Route 66. Environmental and community groups successfully blocked attempts to extend the freeway east of its present terminus due to potential impacts on the Mt. Higby Reservoir, which provides drinking water for the local area. A compromise was reached in the late 1990s allowing CONNDOT to convert Route 66 from a 2-lane road to 4 lanes", "id": "767383" }, { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\nat Exit 4. It then crosses the Quinnipiac River into Cheshire, where it has an interchange with Route 10, then continues west to end at I-84 at the Southington/Cheshire town line. The highway officially ends as it merges into I-84 West. In the 1940s, the I-691 routing was part of a planned US 6A Expressway from Southington to Willimantic. A section of the expressway (from its Middlefield terminus west to Exit 8) first opened in 1966. By 1968, the US 6A designation was dropped in favor of Route", "id": "767382" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 66\n\n\nRoute 66 is a Connecticut state highway running from Meriden to Windham, serving as an alternate east–west route to US 6 through east-central Connecticut. Route 66 officially begins at I-91 in Meriden as the extension of I-691, which officially ends at its interchange with I-91. This freeway portion runs for about into the town of Middlefield, where it becomes a four lane surface road. In Middlefield, it has junctions with the northern end of Route 147, and the southern end of Route 217. It then enters Middletown", "id": "16691092" }, { "contents": "Interstate 91\n\n\nUS 5 begins at the first of its many interchanges with the freeway. Leaving New Haven, I-91 follows a northeastward trek into North Haven, where it meets the southern end of the Route 40 expressway. It travels through the eastern part of Wallingford before entering the eastern part of the city of Meriden. In Meriden, about halfway between Hartford and New Haven, I-91 sees a complex set of interchanges with the Wilbur Cross Parkway (Route 15), the Route 66 expressway, and its first spur route, I-691. I-691", "id": "8976770" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 15\n\n\nmore northeasterly in North Haven. Major junctions include the Milford Parkway (SR 796), a connector providing access to Interstate 95 and US 1 beginning just east of the Sikorsky Bridge; US 5 in Wallingford; and a complex set of interchanges in Meriden providing access to I-91, I-691, and the Route 66 expressway. The parkway ends about a mile north of I-691 as US 5 joins Route 15 and the road becomes a four-lane divided highway with signalized and at-grade intersections known as the Berlin Turnpike. After", "id": "14881517" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 66\n\n\nthe expressway from US 5 in Meriden to Middlefield (where the current expressway ends) opened to traffic. By 1968, the US 6A designation was removed and split into several routes. The section from I-84 in Southington to US 6 in Columbia was renumbered as Route 66, including the newly opened freeway segment. In 1971, another section of the Route 66 freeway opened from between Route 322 and US 5. In 1987, with the completion of the freeway connection to I-84, the section of Route 66 west of I-91 was", "id": "16691099" }, { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\naccess to Route 15 North for eastbound traffic. Exit 7 provides access to Downtown Meriden. Westbound traffic exits onto State Street Extension, while eastbound traffic enters onto Columbia Street. Exits 6 and 5 provide access to Route 71, as well as access to Westfield Meriden. Exit 6 exits to Lewis Avenue, while Exit 5 exits directly to Route 71. From here, I-691 passes along the north side of Hubbard Park as well as by Castle Craig before it crosses into Southington. It then meets the eastern end of Route 322", "id": "767381" }, { "contents": "Interstate 291 (Connecticut)\n\n\nInterstate 291 (I-291) is a short Interstate Highway in the state of Connecticut that starts at I-91 at its junction with Route 218 in Windsor and ends at I-84 in Manchester. It serves as a northeastern bypass of Hartford. The official length of I-291 is , including of the exit ramp to the merge with eastbound I-84. I-291 is also known as the Vietnam Veterans Memorial Highway for its entire length. I-291 begins at I-91 in Windsor at an interchange that also provides access to and from Route 218. Heading southeast, I-291", "id": "4834367" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 in Connecticut\n\n\ncity of Waterbury, where it intersects the Route 8 expressway and crosses the Naugatuck River on an elevated dual-decked viaduct known locally as The Mixmaster. After passing through Cheshire, I-84 intersects the western end of I-691 at the Cheshire–Southington town line, which is also the New Haven–Hartford county line. I-84 turns more northerly for a stretch to exit 31 (Route 229), which provides access to Lake Compounce Amusement Park and ESPN World Headquarters. The freeway heads more northeasterly to Plainville, where it has a", "id": "14727149" }, { "contents": "Interstate 384\n\n\nInterstate 384 (I-384) is an Interstate Highway located entirely within the state of Connecticut. It runs east to west, going from Interstate 84 in East Hartford to U.S. Route 6/U.S. Route 44 in Bolton. I-384 officially begins at I-84 eastbound Exit 59 at the East Hartford/Manchester town line, as the right 2 lanes of traffic split from the I-84 mainline. The highway can also be accessed from the I-84 eastbound HOV lane, and westbound I-384 traffic can also access the HOV lane on westbound I-84. Westbound I-84", "id": "10503364" }, { "contents": "Special routes of U.S. Route 6\n\n\n6A from Plymouth–Farmington, this became US 6A. This US 6A was subsequently extended through Meriden to Willimantic along modern Route 66. An expressway upgrade was planned for this US 6A. Only a portion of the highway was built and is now I-691. U.S. Route 6A (US 6A) between Coventry and Windham was designated when New England Interstate Route 3 (NE-3) was deleted. The route was swapped with the old US 6 in 1939 and finally deleted in 1942 when US 6A became Route 31. U.S. Route 6A (US", "id": "10795785" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 (Pennsylvania–Massachusetts)\n\n\nNew Milford. Route 6 leaves the interstate at the next exit, and I-84 continues east across the countryside. At Exit 11, it turns to the northeast and descends to cross the Housatonic River on the Rochambeau Bridge, into New Haven County. It then climbs onto higher ground to the city of Waterbury, which it passes on an elevated viaduct with the eastbound and westbound lanes on different levels. Here the CT 8 expressway intersects. The eastern heading continues past Waterbury to Milldale, where Interstate 691 splits off to the east", "id": "12185438" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 120\n\n\nRoute 120 is a state highway in Connecticut, running entirely in the town of Southington. It serves as a more direct connection between the town center of Southington and the city of Meriden. Route 120 begins at an intersection with Route 322 in southeastern Southington, just west of the Meriden city line and about from an interchange with I-691. It heads in a northwest direction, crossing Misery Brook about later, passing by the St. Thomas Cemetery, then intersecting with Route 364 after another . Route 120 ends at an intersection with Route", "id": "21983096" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 322\n\n\nmeets Route 10 at a grade separated intersection. It briefly crosses into Cheshire before crossing the Quinnipiac River and reentering southeastern Southington. It meets the southern end of Route 120 before ending at an interchange with I-691 near the Southington-Meriden town line. The road continues into Meriden as West Main Street. Route 322 was established in 1963, running from Route 69 to then US 6A (Meriden Road) in Wolcott. The year before becoming a signed route, Route 322 was taken over by the state and designated as unsigned SR", "id": "8420887" }, { "contents": "Interstate 91\n\n\n. As such, it is almost always heavily trafficked (especially during rush hour), and maintains at least three lanes in each direction through Connecticut except for a short portion in Hartford at the interchange with I-84 and in Meriden at the interchange with Route 15. The three cities also serve as Connecticut's control points along its length of the Interstate. I-91 begins just east of downtown New Haven at an interchange with I-95 (the Connecticut Turnpike), and Route 34. At the bottom of the ramp for exit 5,", "id": "8976769" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 66\n\n\nIt ran from the Milldale section of Southington, via Meriden and Middletown, to Willimantic. In the 1932 state highway renumbering, old Highway 111 was designated as part of Route 14, which extended from Woodbury to the Rhode Island state line. In 1941, the section of Route 14 from Woodbury to Willimantic was redesignated as US 6A, connecting at US 6 on both ends. In the early 1960s, plans for constructing a US 6A expressway between I-84 in Southington and Willimantic were announced. By 1966, a short portion of", "id": "16691098" }, { "contents": "Interstate 66\n\n\nfrom eastbound I-66 to the West Falls Church Metro station at the Leesburg Pike (Virginia State Route 7) interchange and will provide a new bridge for the W&OD Trail over Lee Highway (Virginia State Route 29). In Washington D.C., I-66 was planned to extend east of its current terminus along the North Leg of the Inner Loop freeway. I-66 would have also met the eastern terminus of a planned Interstate 266 at US 29, and the western terminus of the South Leg Freeway (I-695) at US 50; I-266 would", "id": "9038810" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 10\n\n\n. It then turns north onto Dixwell Avenue, and intersects the Wilbur Cross Parkway (Route 15) at Exit 60. In the center of Hamden, it turns onto Whitney Avenue. Proceeding northward, it encounters the northern end of the Route 40 freeway and the western end of Route 22 . In Cheshire, it meets the eastern end of Route 42, and has a brief triplex with Routes 68 and 70. At the north end of town is a junction with I-691 at Exit 3. It then enters Southington, where", "id": "16098035" }, { "contents": "Interstate 80 in Iowa\n\n\nthe east at the Jordan Creek Parkway exit. The highway adds a third lane eastbound and drops the third lane westbound. Almost to the east is the interchange with I-35, which also marks the beginning of I-235. Eastbound I-80 exits the freeway via a flyover ramp to northbound I-35; eastbound I-235 begins as the continuation of the I-80 freeway. Locally, this exit is called the West Mixmaster. I-80 shares the next with I-35 on a six-lane freeway where each direction's three lanes are separated by a Jersey barrier.", "id": "3837266" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 68\n\n\nto its junction with I-91 at Exit 15. After overpassing I-91 and passing a couple of business parks, Route 68 becomes a 2 lane road once again. It then enters Durham, where it passes the southern end of Route 157 before ending at Route 17 in the center of town. The road connecting Naugatuck and Cheshire was designated in 1922 as State Highway 325. In the 1932 state highway renumbering, former Highway 325 was renumbered to Route 68. The route was later extended east to Middlefield in 1966 along former SR 607", "id": "3645090" }, { "contents": "Interstate 480 (Nebraska–Iowa)\n\n\nLeavenworth neighborhood from the Old Market neighborhood. Shortly after the Leavenworth Street exit is the Harney Street exit, which provides access to U.S. Route 6 from eastbound I-480. before the North Freeway interchange, I-480 passes beneath Dodge and Douglas Streets, which are the westbound and eastbound lanes of U.S. 6, respectively. Just to the southwest of the Creighton University campus is the North Freeway interchange, where US 75 leaves eastbound I-480 and joins westbound. The North Freeway was originally planned to be an Interstate Highway, \"I-580\", connecting", "id": "10317788" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nExit 110 leading to the I-40 frontage road along the eastbound lanes, which suddenly becomes a divided highway named \"Route 66.\" The first intersection is a connecting road to the parts of the interchange with the eastbound on-ramp, as well as the frontage roads along the westbound lanes, leading to the western terminus of the business loop. Shortly after this is the barely paved Carson County Road BB. The divided highway ends just west of TX FM 295 and Carson County Road CC (Western Avenue), and gains", "id": "294168" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 in New York\n\n\n6 and 202 closely parallel I-84 to the north, between the freeway and one of the upper basins of East Branch Reservoir, part of New York City's water supply system. The northern terminus of NY 121 lets eastbound traffic on and westbound traffic off. Two miles (3.2 km) to the east, Signs appear for Saw Mill Road, exit 1 on Connecticut's stretch of I-84, and its ramps leave the highway just a hundred feet (30 m) before the state line. The route of I-84 through the", "id": "995373" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 34\n\n\nLegion Avenue, later becoming South Frontage Road (former Oak Street), while westbound Route 34 uses North Frontage Road. The eastbound section running along Legion Avenue and South Frontage Road (1.03 miles) is town-maintained. The corresponding westbound section along North Frontage Road is officially designated as State Road 706 but is signed as Route 34 West. Route 34 then continues along the Oak Street Connector, a six-lane freeway that connects to I-91 and I-95. The freeway portion has two westbound exits and three eastbound entrances,", "id": "5492586" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nfor BL-40, because south of this intersection is an approach to a westbound on-eastbound off wye interchange with I-40. Immediately after this intersection, BL-40 ends at an eastbound on-westbound off wye interchange with I-40. The Clinton business loop of Interstate 40 is the fourth business route of I-40 in Oklahoma, running from exit 65 to exit 69, although only part of the route runs along former US 66. The route begins at exit 65, which is an eastbound flyover with no re-entry, and a westbound", "id": "294183" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nand maintenance facility, and then leaves the frontage road at the on ramp to eastbound I-40, where it meets its terminus. The frontage roads along both sides of I-40 continue through three more interchanges before crossing the Texas-Oklahoma State Line. The Erick business loop of Interstate 40 is the first business route of I-40 in Oklahoma. It begins on exit 5 (Honeyfarm Drive) and runs south into North 1720th Road until that street ends at a four-lane divided highway known as East 1240th Road (former Route 66)", "id": "294176" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 542\n\n\nRoute 542 (also known as Ferguson Road) is a state road in northern Connecticut. It is contained inside the town of Vernon. It runs from Route 533 to Route 541. Route 542 begins at Route 543 (Tunnel Road) in the central portion of the town of Vernon. It then heads east for about before intersecting with exit 66 on Interstate 84 (I-84}. Only travelers on westbound I-84 can exit onto Route 542, and that travelers on Route 542 can only get onto westbound I-84. About from the", "id": "1160744" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 71\n\n\nas it intersects West Main Street. While southbound traffic may continue from West Main Street onto Cook Avenue, northbound traffic must turn right onto Hanover Street, then left onto South Grove Street, and left onto West Main Street to continue. Once reunited, Route 71 proceeds west on West Main Street before turning north onto Chamberlain Highway. It then crosses I-691 at Exit 5, with access to and from the west. It then crosses into Berlin, passing the eastern end of Route 364 before turning northeast as the Chamberlain Highway becomes", "id": "18857060" }, { "contents": "Interstate 91\n\n\nparallels the river, never more than from its shore. I-91 then enters the Hartford city limits. In Hartford, I-91 it has a set of interchanges with US 5/Route 15 (Wilbur Cross Highway), which provides access from I-91 north to I-84 east, and from I-84 west to I-91 south via the Charter Oak Bridge. I-91 then has an interchange with I-84, where all other movements to and from I-84 take place. Before leaving the city limits, an HOV lane begins that has its own set of interchanges", "id": "8976772" }, { "contents": "Interstate 210 (Louisiana)\n\n\nShip Channel. At the southeastern end of the bridge, the highway meets with exit 3, Prien Lake Road, eastbound. I-210 heads east through Lake Charles, turning 90 degrees at exit 8, LA 14/Gerstner Memorial Drive. The highway then heads north towards its eastern terminus with I-10 just east of Lake Charles. Though portions of the freeway run north-south, the entire route is signed east-west. All of I-210 is included as part of the National Highway System, a system of roadways important to", "id": "2671252" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 95 in California\n\n\nChemehuevi Mountains before entering the city of Needles after several miles. After passing the Needles Municipal Airport, US 95 merges onto I-40 westbound and continues through Needles on the freeway. US 95 exits from I-40 west of Needles and continues northwest to Searchlight Junction, where US 95 continues north at the junction with the old routing of US 66. The highway continues north, east of Homer Mountain, to the Nevada state line. US 95 is part of the California Freeway and Expressway System, and a small portion near I-10 and the", "id": "21402148" }, { "contents": "Interstate 66\n\n\nInterstate 66 (I-66) is an Interstate Highway in the eastern United States. As indicated by its even route number, it runs in an east–west direction. Its current western terminus is near Middletown, Virginia, at an interchange with I-81; its eastern terminus is in Washington, D.C., at an interchange with U.S. Route 29. Because of its terminus in the Shenandoah Valley, the highway was once called the \"Shenandoah Freeway.\" Much of the route parallels U.S. Route 29 or Virginia State Route 55. Interstate", "id": "9038774" }, { "contents": "Interstate 95 in Connecticut\n\n\nof around 150,000 throughout the entire length between the New York state line and the junction with I-91 in New Haven. The Turnpike intersects with several major expressways, namely US 7 at Exit 15 in Norwalk, Route 8 and Route 25 at Exit 27A in Bridgeport (quickest way to I-84 from southwest CT), the Merritt and Wilbur Cross Parkways at Exit 38 (via the Milford Parkway) in Milford, and Interstate 91 at Exit 48 in New Haven. North (east) of I-91, the Turnpike continues along the Connecticut", "id": "5620386" }, { "contents": "Missouri Route 96\n\n\nRoute 96 was redesignated as Route YY west of Route 171 when Kansas deleted the eastern part of K-96. Route 96 begins at a partial interchange with Interstate 44 (I-44) just west of Halltown (there is no access to westbound I-44 or from eastbound I-44). The highway is a two-lane road and is relatively straight all the way to Carthage. Approximately west of I-44 is the western terminus of Route 266. Approximately further west, Route 96 is joined by Historic Route 66. At Albatross, is an intersection", "id": "11824778" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nI-40, and the former segment of US 66 along the north side continues as one of the two I-40 frontage roads. The Amarillo business loop of Interstate 40 begins at I-40 exit 62A just west of Amarillo. The highway was formerly a business route for Route 66, being that highway's only bannered route in Texas. Bus. I-40 D is known locally as Amarillo Boulevard and is the longest buisness route of Interstate 40. Bus. I-40 D begins at Interstate 40 exit 62A just west of Amarillo near Cadillac Ranch. The", "id": "294164" }, { "contents": "Interstate 540 and North Carolina Highway 540\n\n\nto the Western Wake Freeway and future Southern and Eastern Wake Freeways. As of January 2013, the North Carolina state route traverses east–west from I-40, in Durham County to NC 55, in Holly Springs. Initially intended to be signed as an extension of the I-540 loop, the first section of the route bears mile markers and exit numbers for the complete Interstate loop, going from 66 to 69. In Mid-2012, this section of the beltway became part of the Triangle Expressway. No portion of I-540 is tolled.", "id": "6204061" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 229\n\n\nRoute 229 is a state highway in the western Greater Hartford area of the U.S. state of Connecticut. It runs north–south from Interstate 84 in Southington to U.S. Route 6 in Bristol. Along the way, it intersects Route 72 in the Forestville section of Bristol. Route 229 nominally begins at the end of the eastbound Exit 31 off-ramp of I-84 in western Southington, heading northward along West Street. State maintenance and the official southern end of Route 229 actually begins about south of the off-ramp. West Street", "id": "7429975" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nwhich focuses on the roads former status as Route 66. The commercial strip ends after a dirt road named North Tennessee Street. \"Route 66\" splits from East 12th Street at an intersection that's another connecting road to the eastbound off-ramp of Exit 164, the then runs over the overpass above I-40 to turn right at the frontage road along the westbound lanes leading to the western beginning of the business loop. Eastbound Business Interstate Route 40-J narrows down to a two-lane undivided highway before passing by a TxDOT construction", "id": "294175" }, { "contents": "Highway revolts in the United States\n\n\nInterstate 291 beltway west of Interstate 91, the proposed Interstate 484 expressway through the downtown, and the proposed Interstate 284 expressway between East Hartford and South Windsor, and Interstate 491 from Wethersfield to Manchester. After these freeways were cancelled, the State of Connecticut used the funds allocated for their construction to rebuild and expand existing freeways in the Greater Hartford area. In 1992 the Route 9 Expressway was extended north from I-91 in New Britain to Interstate 84 in Farmington, completing what would have been the southwest quadrant of the I-291 beltway;", "id": "256037" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 in Connecticut\n\n\nthe northern end of the Route 15 expressway, it inherits the Wilbur Cross Highway name for the rest of its length. From 1968 until 1984, the I-84 designation ended here, and the highway became I-86 for the rest of its length, as I-84 was once planned to be built east toward Providence, Rhode Island. I-84 intersects one of the remnants of the abandoned project, I-384, as part of a series of complex interchanges in Manchester including the end of the US 6 concurrency at exit 60, and a connection to", "id": "14727152" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nfrontage roads along the westbound lanes leading to the western beginning of the business loop, and an unorthodox roadside attraction known as the Leaning Tower of Texas. Business Interstate Route 40-F ends at the on ramp to eastbound I-40, as does the divided former US 66, which is converted back into the frontage road along the eastbound lanes of I-40. The McLean business loop of Interstate 40 runs from exit 141 to 143. Officially designated as Business Interstate 40-H by the Texas Department of Transportation, it begins at I-40 at an eastbound flyover", "id": "294170" }, { "contents": "Maryland Route 53\n\n\nstate highway then meets its northern terminus at an intersection with US 40 Alternate in La Vale. Access to westbound I-68 is provided a short distance to the east on US 40 Alternate. MD 53 is part of US 220 Truck, which provides access from Interstate 68 (I-68) west of La Vale to southbound US 220 for trucks due to a truck prohibition on the eastbound exit ramp for I-68's interchange with US 220. The state highway is part of the main National Highway System from US 220 to I-68; in addition", "id": "11898711" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 84\n\n\nend street at the truck stop along the aforementioned frontage road. Interstate 84 Business was a business loop of I-84 along in Morgan, Utah. It ran north along Utah State Route 66 at Exit 103 (State Street) to East 600th Street running along the north side of I-84 until the former westbound-off-ramp and eastbound on-ramp that was once westbound Exit 103 until the mid-1990s. Interstate 84 Business was a business loop of I-84 along in Henefer, Utah. It ran southeast along the southwest side of I-84", "id": "6061978" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 5 in Connecticut\n\n\nStreet becomes Broad Street after the intersection with Hall Avenue as it passes by the eastern part of the city, avoiding the downtown area. Past Olive Street, the road becomes divided with a wide grassy median. At the north end of the divided section, it has an intersection with East Main Street, the main east–west business route through the city. About north of East Main Street, US 5 has an interchange with I-691 (at exit 8). At the intersection with Brittania Street, the road becomes North Broad", "id": "5428414" }, { "contents": "Interstate 91\n\n\nthe river can also be easily accessed in this stretch. At exit 19 is the northern terminus of I-93, a major interstate highway in New England, which provides a direct route south through the White Mountains and to almost all major cities in New Hampshire. Just after exit 19, there are three exits for St. Johnsbury, including a major intersection with US 2. Along westbound US 2, the capital of Vermont, Montpelier, is eventually reached from I-91, although I-89 provides Montpelier with immediate Interstate access. I-91 continues northward", "id": "8976783" }, { "contents": "Massachusetts Turnpike\n\n\nand the seventh-longest gap between exits in the entire Interstate Highway System. The highest elevation on the turnpike exists in The Berkshires, reaching above sea level in Becket; this point is also the highest elevation on I-90 east of South Dakota. Beyond the peak elevation and between the exits, an eastbound runaway truck ramp exists in Russell. The turnpike has an interchange with I-91 and US 5 at exit 4 in West Springfield; it passes over the Connecticut River before reaching Route 33 at exit 5 and I-291 at exit 6", "id": "8595595" }, { "contents": "County Route 66 (California)\n\n\ncrossing paths with the freeway again at Fenner, before heading east on Goffs Road to the junction with US 95. Next, CR 66 cosigns along US 95 south to the junction with I-40, where both the US and county routes cosign with I-40 heading east towards Needles. CR 66 exits the freeway at River Road Cutoff, where it immediately turns onto National Trails Highway after exiting. The route follows National Trails Highway to its end on River Road, then begins its southeast journey into downtown Needles. After an interchange with I-40", "id": "21979064" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 (Pennsylvania–Massachusetts)\n\n\n. This section has many left-hand exits and entrances and sharp curves, which were built for a planned network of freeways. I-84 heads northeast towards New Britain and Hartford, the state capital and the largest community along its eastern length. After intersecting Interstate 91, the road crosses the Connecticut River on the Bulkeley Bridge, oldest on the Interstate system, then becomes the Wilbur Cross Highway and continues towards the northeast. The last exit in Connecticut is Exit 74, an exit for Route 171. I-84 crosses the Massachusetts border", "id": "12185439" }, { "contents": "Rhode Island Route 4\n\n\n. After exit 7, Route 4 continues northward as a six-lane expressway, passing farmlands to the west and entering a suburban region of East Greenwich. The highway crosses under an overpass at Middle Road before interchanging with Route 401, the freeway's final spur, at another partial cloverleaf interchange. Exit 8 is also used to access Route 2 and I-95 south, which has no direct freeway connection with Route 4 north. Shortly after exit 8, the Route 4 designation ends and the mainline of the highway defaults onto I-95", "id": "14737226" }, { "contents": "Cromwell, Connecticut\n\n\nis land and (4.03%) is water. A major north/south highway, Interstate 91, with two Cromwell exits, runs through the Town. The Central Connecticut Expressway (Route 9), opened at the end of 1989, enhances the Town's location as it connects I-95 in Old Saybrook, I-91 in Cromwell and I-84, the State's major east/west highway in New Britain. As of the census of 2010, there were 14,005 people, 5,212 households, and 3,262 families residing in the town.", "id": "17977773" }, { "contents": "Interstate 190 (South Dakota)\n\n\n16 westbound goes east on Omaha Street and eastbound runs north concurrently with I-190. I-190 then becomes a freeway, with an exit to North Street. I-190 then passes under Anamosa Street before an on-ramp from the northbound lanes of West Boulevard. Both US 16 and I-190 then terminate at a trumpet interchange with I-90/US 14/SD 79. Legally, the route of I-190 is defined at South Dakota Codified Laws § 31-4-203. I-190 was opened in 1962 to connect Rapid City to the recently completed", "id": "2672231" }, { "contents": "Interstate 210 and State Route 210 (California)\n\n\nfor the interchange between State Route 57 and the Foothill Freeway, Interstate 210. The \"curve\" portion refers to the interchange from the northbound lanes of State Route 57 to the westbound lanes of I-210, and from the eastbound lanes of I-210 to the southbound lanes of State Route 57. The origin of the name comes from its location in the city of Glendora. Prior to 2002, this interchange was entirely part of I-210, and the eastern terminus of I-210 ended several miles south of the curve at the Kellogg Interchange at", "id": "2671217" }, { "contents": "Interstate 78 in New Jersey\n\n\nEntering more commercial areas, Route 173 merges onto I-78/US 22 at exit 13. At exit 15, the highway interchanges with CR 513, and Route 173 splits from I-78/US 22 by heading north on CR 513. At this point, the freeway enters Franklin Township briefly at exit 15 and then enters Clinton where it crosses the South Branch Raritan River. I-78/US 22 turns northeast and leaves Clinton for Clinton Township, where it has an eastbound exit and westbound entrance for Route 173 that also provides access to", "id": "16353900" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 15\n\n\nlimits, the business route veers onto Center Street and follows that through the center of town. At the north end of the city, I-15 Bus. turns west and runs concurrently with US 30 to its northern end at I-15 Exit 47. Interstate 15 Business runs for exactly through Inkom in northern Bannock County. I-15 Bus. mostly follows Old Highway 91 between Exits 57 and 58, a pair of partial interchanges. Interstate 15 Business spans through Pocatello in northern Bannock County. I-15 Bus. begins at I-15 Exit 67, where", "id": "15434019" }, { "contents": "Interstate 10 in California\n\n\nI-10 down Interstate 5 between the East LA Interchange and the Santa Monica Freeway, negating a section of the San Bernardino Freeway west of I-5. This short section of Route 10 between Route 5 and Route 101, which was formerly defined as Route 110 (signed as Interstate 110) until 1968, is signed overhead for I-10 eastbound and for U.S. 101 westbound. This I-5/I-10 cosigning is consistent with the Federal Highway Administration's Interstate Highway route logs that such an overlap exists for the segment of I-10 in California. I-10 is", "id": "10298840" }, { "contents": "Nevada State Route 425\n\n\ncenter of Verdi, then southeast to its terminus at the I-80 East Verdi interchange (Exit 5). Although designated a state route and an Interstate business route, there are no route shields posted along the highway itself. The I-80 business route extends beyond the end of SR 425. From the highway's western terminus, I-80 Business follows Gold Ranch Road an additional south to end at an I-80 westbound onramp. The highway originally carried State Route 1 and later U.S. Route 40 on its trek west from Reno over Donner Pass towards", "id": "5840323" }, { "contents": "Interstate 516\n\n\ncurrent western terminus of I-516. In 1985, the entire highway from its then-current western terminus at Burnsed Blvd to Montgomery Street was designated as I-516. The freeway portion was extended westward to the interchange with SR 25 (Burnsed Blvd) and eastward to the current eastern terminus. Also US 17/SR 25 and US 80/SR 26 were re-routed along the freeway, from the West Bay Street exit to the Ogeechee Road exit. In 1995, US 17 had a major re-routing through the city", "id": "10860994" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 15\n\n\nState Route 28. Interstate 15 Business is a Business loop of Interstate 15 in Bringham City, and is also concurrent with Business Loop 84. It runs from an interchange at Exit 362 on I-15/84 at first along U.S. Route 91 to the intersection with U.S. Route 89 and UT 13. US 91 continues east along US 89, while BL 15/84 turns left to go north along UT 13 (South Main Street). Further in town, the road serves as the west end of Utah State Route 90. At Forest Street,", "id": "15434015" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 95 in Nevada\n\n\nthe Henderson Spaghetti Bowl (also known as the Hender-Bender) interchange of Interstate 215 and SR 564 and Interstate 515 begins. The freeway then heads west into Downtown Las Vegas, where it intersects Interstate 15. At the Spaghetti Bowl interchange, US 93 follows I-15 northbound and I-515 ends. US 95 heads west, then north at the Rainbow Curve. The freeway portion then ends at Corn Creek Road northwest of the Las Vegas Valley and then it becomes a brief four-lane divided highway. US 95 exits Clark County", "id": "7359006" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 15\n\n\nwhen it turns east onto Alameda Road, which becomes Pocatello Creek Road when it veers northeast to the business route's terminus at I-15 Exit 71. Interstate 15 Business has a length of through Blackfoot in central Bingham County. I-15 Bus. begins at I-15 Exit 89 near the northern end of the Fort Hall Indian Reservation and follows US 91 northeast parallel to the Union Pacific Railroad. The highways cross the Blackfoot River into the city of Blackfoot along Broadway Street. In downtown Blackfoot, the routes veer onto Main Street, then I-15", "id": "15434021" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 50 in Maryland\n\n\neastbound exit. Following this interchange, US 50 passes office parks and industrial development in New Carrollton. The highway reaches a hybrid turbine interchange with I-95/I-495, the Capital Beltway. At the I-95/I-495 interchange, the US 50 freeway becomes part of the Interstate Highway System as I-595, which is an unsigned highway. The road heads east as an ten-lane freeway, with the left lane in each direction designated as a high-occupancy vehicle lane (HOV lane). The freeway passes near residential development and", "id": "21110676" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nloop of Interstate 40 is the third business route of I-40 in Oklahoma. It runs northeast along former US 66 from eastbound exit 32 and turns east after the beginning of an overlap with OK 6 that runs along the route until OK 6 turns south at North Main Street. From there it snakes through the northeastern part of the city and after the intersection with OK 34 finally terminates with I-40 at westbound exit 41. The route begins at a left exit in a wye interchange with Interstate 40, which also serves as a connection", "id": "294180" }, { "contents": "Iowa Highway 330\n\n\nused as a connector between Des Moines and the Waterloo–Cedar Falls area. Iowa 330 begins at an interchange with Interstate 80 (I-80), U.S. Route 6 (US 6), and US 65 in Altoona. The I-80 freeway runs east–west; US 6 comes up from the southwest along Hubbell Avenue and joins eastbound I-80 while US 65 exits eastbound I-80 and turns onto Hubbell heading northeast. For the first of its routing, Iowa 330 shares the same roadway with US 65. The two routes head northeast on", "id": "10381823" }, { "contents": "Interstate 180 (Pennsylvania)\n\n\nat an interchange with U.S. Route 15 and U.S. Route 220. The highway begins its signage, concurrent along these routes. At exit 27A, US 15 leaves the overlap running south across the Carl E. Stotz Memorial Little League Bridge and I-180 continues eastward, still concurrent with US 220 northbound. From there, I-180 runs along the West Branch Susquehanna River until the highway reaches the eastern suburbs of Williamsport, where US 220 leaves the Interstate via exit 15. From US 220 to the eastern terminus, I-180 is aligned north–south", "id": "4494305" }, { "contents": "Interstate 76 (Ohio–New Jersey)\n\n\nJersey. After I-76 reaches its eastern terminus, the freeway continues as Route 42 and the Atlantic City Expressway to Atlantic City. I-76 begins at I-71 at exit 209, east of Lodi, Ohio; U.S. Route 224 (US 224) continues west from the end of I-76. The interchange was previously a double trumpet, but was reconstructed in 2010. Officially, I-76 begins at the beginning of the ramp from I-71 north; it merges with US 224 at mile 0.61. After passing through rural Medina County, I-76 enters Summit", "id": "12185505" }, { "contents": "Interstate 215 (Utah)\n\n\ninterchange features a grade-separated ramp from northbound 2000 East to eastbound I-215. Past this junction, another interchange at Union Park Avenue appears. Another grade-separated ramp from Union Park Avenue is present. The freeway enters Murray as an interchange serving westbound motorists connects to 280 East and State Street (U.S. Route 89, or US-89). Eastbound travelers connect to State Street further west at a separate exit. The road turns northwest for a short time to approach a junction at I-15 (often called the South Interchange).", "id": "9551591" }, { "contents": "List of state routes in Connecticut\n\n\n. Routes are signed state highways and are assigned numbers from 1 to 399 (with the exception of I-684 and I-691). All state, U.S. and Interstate highways are part of the same numbering system. In 1926, the U.S. highway system was implemented. U.S. Routes 1, 5, 6, and 7 were used as designations on several primary state highways, replacing New England routes 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. The other New England routes that were not re-designated as U.S. routes became ordinary", "id": "5492536" }, { "contents": "Interstate 291 (Massachusetts)\n\n\ndirectly through highly populated areas of Springfield, and passes under several overpasses. From its southwestern terminus to exit 5A, Interstate 291 is concurrent with U.S. Route 20. I-291 is only from Interstate 291 in Connecticut, and there are no intervening Interstate Highway interchanges between them. It can be easy for travelers to become confused between the two highways. Interstate 291 begins as a spur of Interstate 91 at Exit 8 in Springfield, concurrent with U.S. 20, which merges from the north. The two entry ramps from I-91 merge with each", "id": "1778230" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 15\n\n\nprovides access to the end of the Sprinter commuter train line. Shortly thereafter, I-15 Business intersects County Route S14, and then interchanges with State Route 78. The interchange is the last interchange on the 78 before its freeway status ends, and there are only ramps for a westbound entrance or eastbound exit. Continuing north, I-15 Business intersects with El Norte Parkway, a major arterial road, before reconnecting with Interstate 15 at I-15 exit 34 near the northern city limits of Escondido. Though the street itself continues northward well on into", "id": "15434009" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 9\n\n\nSaybrook to I-91 in Cromwell is known as the \"Chester Bowles Highway\". The section from I-91 in Cromwell to Exit 24 in Berlin is known as the \"Korean War Veterans Memorial Highway\". The section from Route 72 in New Britain to Route 175 in Newington is known as the \"Taras Shevchenko Expressway\". The section from Route 175 in Newington to the junction with I-84 is known as the \"Iwo Jima Memorial Expressway\". The road connecting Deep River (then known as Saybrook) and Wethersfield along the west", "id": "15881247" }, { "contents": "Colorado State Highway 74\n\n\nthe Evergreen Parkway segment to four lanes and constructing an interchange with I-70. SH 74 begins at an interchange with I-70 in El Rancho. Ramps from I-70 westbound branch off the freeway's exit 252 from the north side and cross the highway southwestward. Access to SH 74 from I-70 eastbound is provided via U.S. Highway 40 (US 40) a slight distance to the west. From I-70, the roadway heads southwesterly through El Rancho, meeting an intersection with US 40 (Swede Gulch Road). The route heads westward before turning", "id": "12873578" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 84\n\n\nsoutheast corner of that intersection, and the contemporary but still traditional Brigham City Utah Temple on the southwest corner. UT 13 ends at the southern terminus of the overlap of US 89/91, and BL-15/84 makes a sharp right turn along southbound US 91, while South Main Street is taken over by southbound US 89. US 91/BL-15/84 runs west along West 1100th Street South. BL-15/84 ends at Exit 362, a diverging diamond interchange with I-15/84, while West 1100th Street South continues into the I-15 frontage road, and becomes a dead", "id": "6061977" }, { "contents": "Interstate 384\n\n\naccess to I-384 is provided through a complex interchange that also provides access from Pleasant Valley Road near Buckland Hills Mall and from I-291. I-384's first exit is for Spencer Street. The eastbound ramp is on the I-384 mainline, while the westbound ramp comes from a split in the I-84 interchange ramp. Just east of the Spencer Street overpass, the ramp from westbound I-84 joins the I-384 mainline and the HOV lane becomes a conventional lane. I-384 continues along the southern part of Manchester. It has one interchange before it intersects Route", "id": "10503365" }, { "contents": "Interstate 78 in New Jersey\n\n\ninto Springfield Township. The freeway passes near First Watchung Mountain before coming to the Route 24 interchange, where suburban development becomes more dense. At Route 24, I-78 divides into local and express lanes, with three express and three local lanes eastbound and two express and three local lanes westbound. In this section of the highway, most access is via the local lanes, though the next exit for Route 124 includes a direct westbound onramp to the express lanes. Before Route 124, I-78 briefly runs east through Millburn in Essex County", "id": "16353906" }, { "contents": "California State Route 237\n\n\n85. Westbound traffic can connect to Route 85 southbound, but the eastbound traffic connection to Route 85 northbound is labeled as an exit for U.S. 101. Route 237 intersects with Highway 101 at the southern corner of Moffett Field. After this intersection, a carpool lane is added, for a total of three lanes in either direction. It remains like this until the east end of the freeway at Interstate 880, where most eastbound traffic is directed to northbound I-880. The route then becomes a city street (an arterial road)", "id": "9003349" }, { "contents": "Massachusetts Route 141\n\n\nas Easthampton Road, crossing roads south of Mount Tom. Crossing through the Rock Valley section of Holyoke, the highway passes south of the Whiting Reservoir and Wyckoff Country Club, entering the Smiths Valley section. Through Smiths Valley, Route 141 runs southeast through a residential neighborhood, reaching a ramp to Interstate 91 southbound (I-91 exit 17). After another turn, the route crosses into a trumpet interchange with I-91 northbound, becoming a one-way couplet through downtown Holyoke. Route 141 eastbound runs along Dwight Street while Route 141", "id": "2532205" }, { "contents": "Interstate 295 (Delaware–Pennsylvania)\n\n\nof Penndel. Following this interchange, the freeway runs south-southeast near suburban residential areas as it heads west of Levittown. I-295 enters Bristol Township and terminates at an interchange with I-95 at I-276 (Pennsylvania Turnpike). At this interchange, I-295 merges into southbound I-95, with access from westbound I-295 to southbound I-95 and from northbound I-95 to eastbound I-295; there are no ramps connecting I-295 and the Pennsylvania Turnpike. In the 1927 New Jersey state highway renumbering, Route 39 was legislated to begin at the Yardley–Wilburtha Bridge", "id": "9627779" }, { "contents": "James River Freeway\n\n\n. The portion of the James River Freeway between I-44 and the interchange with US 60 and Route 413 is designated as Route 360. Other than its endpoints, there is only one interchange on the route: Route MM in Brookline (now part of Republic). Exit markers for the highway mark the road as the James River Freeway and have no control cities, only \"To Route 60\" eastbound and \"To I-44\" westbound. The control cities between US 60 and US 65 are Republic westbound and Rogersville eastbound. At", "id": "6615288" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 6 in Rhode Island\n\n\nturns south on the I-295 collector/distributor roads to the west end of that freeway. The south interchange of US 6 and I-295 has numerous ramp stubs once intended for a western continuation of the Roberts Expressway as Interstate 84. The six-lane Roberts Expressway has interchanges with Route 5, U.S. Route 6A, Route 128, and US 6A again on its way to Olneyville. It crosses from Johnston into Providence just west of the bridge over Route 128. At the second US 6A interchange, the older Olneyville Bypass begins,", "id": "21794194" }, { "contents": "Flatbush Avenue Connector\n\n\nstate proposed the corridor as the Cedar Ridge Connector with no number, leading from its current terminus at I-84 to U.S. 5/Route 15 in Wethersfield. The short expressway planned to include an interchange with a planned but cancelled Route 71 expressway leading to New Britain. Circa 2015, the viaduct carrying the northbound ramp to Eastbound I-84 was removed, and a new alignment adjacent to the southbound off ramp from Westbound I-84 was built. Exit 45 is currently an incomplete interchange, with ramps only for I-84 westbound to SR 504 (left", "id": "5839909" }, { "contents": "Interstate 195 (New Jersey)\n\n\ndesignation west and south, along existing I-95 instead. I-195's western terminus is at a modified cloverleaf interchange with I-295 in Hamilton Township, Mercer County, located southeast of the city of Trenton. From this end, the freeway continues north into Trenton as Route 29. I-195 serves as the southern continuation of Route 29, continuing east from I-295 as a six-lane expressway, passing between suburban neighborhoods to the north and the Crosswicks Creek to the south. After the exit for US 206, the highway narrows to four lanes", "id": "14760197" }, { "contents": "Massachusetts Route 25\n\n\nRoute 25 west mainline onto Route 495 north, with the right-hand lane serving I-195 via Exit 1. From I-195, Route 25 east is accessible via Exit 22A; I-195 terminates at the interchange. Interstate 495 also terminates at its junction with Route 25; the two southbound lanes of I-495 default onto Route 25 east. After the interchange with I-195 and I-495, Route 25 begins to head in a southeastern direction into the town of Wareham as a six-lane freeway. The route passes under Tihonet Road and through Maple", "id": "18239659" }, { "contents": "California State Route 56\n\n\ncompleted in 1995 after several lawsuits filed by the Sierra Club and other community groups. The two ends were not connected until the middle portion of the freeway was completed in 2004. The delay was largely due to funding issues and environmental concerns. Eastbound SR 56 begins as a ramp from the northbound I-5's local bypass lanes. The interchange is not complete; southbound I-5 traffic must exit to Carmel Valley Road before entering SR 56. Westbound traffic on SR 56 merges into the southbound I-5 local bypass lanes, which provide access to", "id": "2729277" }, { "contents": "Utah State Route 161\n\n\nState Route 161 (SR-161) is a long state highway, designated as a rural major connector, completely within Millard County in central Utah. The highway connects Interstate 70 (I-70) to I-15 while providing service to historic Cove Fort. The route was once part of U.S. Route 91 (US-91), but was renumbered to SR-161 in the 1970s, in parallel with the construction of I-70. Located entirely in southeastern Millard County, SR-161 starts at a diamond interchange with the westernmost exit on I-70 before it terminates at I-15.", "id": "14472451" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 in Connecticut\n\n\nbrief concurrency with Route 72 to the New Britain city line. From the Route 72 junction through Farmington, West Hartford, and into Hartford, I-84 has many left-hand exits and entrances and sharp curves, which were built for a planned network of freeways. In Farmington, US 6 joins I-84 once again at exit 38, and both meet the northern end of the Route 9 expressway at a half-used multi-level stack interchange that was originally planned to be part of the mostly-cancelled I-291 Hartford Beltway.", "id": "14727150" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 40\n\n\nan interchange. Route 40 begins from northbound I-91 in North Haven as the Exit 10 off-ramp. The designation runs for along the exit ramp. The expressway then proceeds northwest and is joined by on-ramps from Bailey Road and southbound I-91. The I-91 interchange includes an overpass over the Quinnipiac River and railroad tracks. About past the I-91 interchange, the road crosses over another set of railroad tracks, then has an interchange with U.S. Route 5. Access to and from US 5 is via Dixwell Avenue (SR 717", "id": "15644232" }, { "contents": "Interstate 695 (District of Columbia)\n\n\nsome remaining \"To I-395\" signage can still be found along I-695 westbound. The new signs designate I-695 as extending from the point where I-395 branches off from the Southeast Freeway, with I-695 continuing along the Southeast Freeway and over the new 11th Street Bridge to the interchange with I-295. However, some commentators contend the new signage is confusing and that the Southeast Freeway is often confused with Baltimore's Beltway, a highway with the same route designation. The entire route is in Washington, D.C. Exits were unnumbered until July 2014.", "id": "13815020" }, { "contents": "California State Route 91\n\n\nState Route 91 (SR 91) is a major east–west state highway in the U.S. state of California that serves several regions of the Greater Los Angeles urban area. A freeway throughout its entire length, it officially runs from Vermont Avenue in Gardena, just west of the junction with the Harbor Freeway (Interstate 110, I-110), east to Riverside at the junction with the Pomona (SR 60 west of SR 91) and Moreno Valley (SR 60 and I-215 east of SR 91) freeways. Though signs along", "id": "4945631" }, { "contents": "Tennessee State Route 182\n\n\nState Route 182 (abbreviated SR 182) is a secondary state highway in western Dyer County, Tennessee. This route is primarily rural in nature throughout its length. The first of SR 182 from its southern terminus with SR 104 to Interstate 155 is a modern two-lane facility with a speed limit. I-155 ended at Exit 7 during the 1970s and this section of SR 182 also served as a temporary link to SR 104 for eastbound motorists until the freeway was completed to Exit 15. SR 182 north of I-155 to its", "id": "12693771" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 4 in New Hampshire\n\n\nI-93 southbound, and runs along the freeway until Exit 15E in Concord. At this interchange, US-4 leaves I-93 and joins Interstate 393 and U.S. Route 202 which run eastbound out of the city. The two U.S. routes overlap I-393 to its terminus in the northern corner of Pembroke. I-393 then ends, and US-4/US-202 merge onto Route 9 eastbound through Chichester and into Epsom. The road crosses Route 28 at the Epsom Traffic Circle, then continues east and intersects Route 107, forming a long four-route concurrency into Northwood", "id": "19470164" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 9\n\n\nriver, it passes through the towns of Essex, Deep River, Chester, Haddam, and Middletown). After its junction with Interstate 91 in Cromwell, Route 9 continues westward then northward, running through the Hartford area towns/cities of Berlin, New Britain, Newington, and Farmington. At the junction with I-84/US 6 near the Farmington - West Hartford town line, Route 9 follows the ramps for eastbound I-84 and ends at the merge with I-84 immediately after crossing the town line. Route 9 has a non", "id": "15881245" }, { "contents": "Maryland Route 32\n\n\nCSX line) and several industrial parks in Annapolis Junction. MD 32 continues northwest into Savage, where the highway has a cloverleaf interchange with US 1 (Washington Boulevard) that includes collector-distributor lanes in both directions. North of Savage, the freeway has a partial cloverleaf interchange with I-95 that has a pair of left-exiting ramps from westbound MD 32 to southbound I-95 and from eastbound MD 32 to northbound I-95; because of these left exits, I-95 is configured differently in that its southbound lanes pass under MD 32 and", "id": "8470347" }, { "contents": "Interstate 95 in Massachusetts\n\n\nto eight lanes. Then the highway passes through Newton, then enters Weston and has a large interchange with the Massachusetts Turnpike (I-90) that provides connections to nearby Route 30. There is a fourth lane after the interchange with Route 9. Exits 23, 24, and 25 are one combined exit northbound. I-95 and Route 128 are due west of Boston at this point and begin to turn to the northeast, serving the city of Waltham and the town of Lexington along the way. The freeway has an interchange with Route", "id": "18993893" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 372\n\n\nthe Mattabesset River, intersecting I-91 at Exit 21. It then widens to 4 lanes, and intersects the northern end of Route 217. Farther east, it crosses Route 3 before meeting Route 9 once again at Exit 19. It then turns southeast to at an intersection with Route 99 at the Cromwell town center. Route 72 was established in the 1932 state highway renumbering between Route 66 in Middletown and Route 10 Plainville. By the beginning of 1963, after the implementation of the 1962 Route Reclassification Act, Route 72 was extended", "id": "8495485" }, { "contents": "Interstate 664\n\n\nhas a connection to Portsmouth through Virginia State Route 164 (SR 164) and to Suffolk via U.S. Route 13, US 58, and US 460. I-664 begins at a full Y interchange with I-64 and I-264 that serves as the terminus of all three Interstates in the Bowers Hill section of the city of Chesapeake. I-64 heads southeast as a continuation of the Hampton Roads Beltway through Chesapeake while I-264 heads east toward Portsmouth and Norfolk. I-664 heads west as an eight-lane freeway that has a southbound-only exit ramp to", "id": "13145352" }, { "contents": "Virginia State Route 194\n\n\ncloverleaf interchange with I-64 (Hampton Roads Beltway) that only contains ramps in the northeast and southwest quadrants of the interchange. Northbound SR 194 has an exit ramp to and an entrance ramp from westbound I-64. Southbound SR 194 has an exit ramp to and an entrance ramp from eastbound I-64. The missing connections with I-64 are made via SR 247 to the south and SR 165 (Little Creek Road) to the north of the Interstate. North of SR 165, SR 194 becomes a four-lane divided highway north to its", "id": "19152409" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nalphabetic values to allow for future system expansion. The alphabetic naming suffixes are included as small letters on the bottom of reassurance shields. The Glenrio business spur of Interstate 40 begins at I-40 on exit 0 just east of the New Mexico-Texas state line. The highway runs south from the interchange towards Former route 66, then turns west along that decommissioned route where it terminates at the Texas-New Mexico State Line. The Adrian business loop of Interstate 40 begins at I-40 at exit 22 and runs along Former route 66 to", "id": "294158" }, { "contents": "Vermont Route 103\n\n\nand slightly better road across the Green Mountains to Rutland, it is a direct east–west road intersecting Interstate 91 significantly north of the diagonal 103. Numerous proposals to widen 103 into a two-lane freeway or similar limited-access roadway have failed, even though a substantial power company right of way shadows the road for much of its length. VT 103 begins at U.S. Route 5 in Rockingham just east of Interstate 91 and just north of Bellows Falls. From there, it interchanges with I-91 at exit 6 and proceeds", "id": "13506058" } ]

[ { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\nInterstate 691 (I-691) is a portion of the Interstate Highway System in Connecticut beginning at Interstate 91 in Meriden and ending at Interstate 84 near the Cheshire-Southington town line. It is in length, including of the exit ramp to the merge with westbound I-84. I-691 is also known as the Henry D. Altobello Highway for its entire length. I-691 is the main east–west highway of the city of Meriden. The freeway actually begins in Middlefield as Route 66, technically becoming I-691 at the junction with I-91 (Exit", "id": "767379" }, { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\n11). However, westbound signage indicates I-691 begins at the start of the freeway (just west of Exit 13), while eastbound signage shows I-691 ending at the Route 15 interchange (at eastbound Exit 10 about west of the interchange with I-91). To go from I-91 northbound to I-691 westbound (or from I-691 eastbound to I-91 southbound), one must actually use Route 15. Exit 9 westbound provides access to Route 15 North. West of the I-91/Route 15 interchange, I-691 meets US 5, which provides", "id": "767380" }, { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\n66. The highway was extended west to Exit 4 by 1971. The connection to I-84 was eventually completed in 1987, with the renumbering to I-691 done at the same time. The portion east of I-91 remained as Route 66. Environmental and community groups successfully blocked attempts to extend the freeway east of its present terminus due to potential impacts on the Mt. Higby Reservoir, which provides drinking water for the local area. A compromise was reached in the late 1990s allowing CONNDOT to convert Route 66 from a 2-lane road to 4 lanes", "id": "767383" }, { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\nat Exit 4. It then crosses the Quinnipiac River into Cheshire, where it has an interchange with Route 10, then continues west to end at I-84 at the Southington/Cheshire town line. The highway officially ends as it merges into I-84 West. In the 1940s, the I-691 routing was part of a planned US 6A Expressway from Southington to Willimantic. A section of the expressway (from its Middlefield terminus west to Exit 8) first opened in 1966. By 1968, the US 6A designation was dropped in favor of Route", "id": "767382" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 66\n\n\nRoute 66 is a Connecticut state highway running from Meriden to Windham, serving as an alternate east–west route to US 6 through east-central Connecticut. Route 66 officially begins at I-91 in Meriden as the extension of I-691, which officially ends at its interchange with I-91. This freeway portion runs for about into the town of Middlefield, where it becomes a four lane surface road. In Middlefield, it has junctions with the northern end of Route 147, and the southern end of Route 217. It then enters Middletown", "id": "16691092" }, { "contents": "Interstate 91\n\n\nUS 5 begins at the first of its many interchanges with the freeway. Leaving New Haven, I-91 follows a northeastward trek into North Haven, where it meets the southern end of the Route 40 expressway. It travels through the eastern part of Wallingford before entering the eastern part of the city of Meriden. In Meriden, about halfway between Hartford and New Haven, I-91 sees a complex set of interchanges with the Wilbur Cross Parkway (Route 15), the Route 66 expressway, and its first spur route, I-691. I-691", "id": "8976770" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 15\n\n\nmore northeasterly in North Haven. Major junctions include the Milford Parkway (SR 796), a connector providing access to Interstate 95 and US 1 beginning just east of the Sikorsky Bridge; US 5 in Wallingford; and a complex set of interchanges in Meriden providing access to I-91, I-691, and the Route 66 expressway. The parkway ends about a mile north of I-691 as US 5 joins Route 15 and the road becomes a four-lane divided highway with signalized and at-grade intersections known as the Berlin Turnpike. After", "id": "14881517" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 66\n\n\nthe expressway from US 5 in Meriden to Middlefield (where the current expressway ends) opened to traffic. By 1968, the US 6A designation was removed and split into several routes. The section from I-84 in Southington to US 6 in Columbia was renumbered as Route 66, including the newly opened freeway segment. In 1971, another section of the Route 66 freeway opened from between Route 322 and US 5. In 1987, with the completion of the freeway connection to I-84, the section of Route 66 west of I-91 was", "id": "16691099" }, { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\naccess to Route 15 North for eastbound traffic. Exit 7 provides access to Downtown Meriden. Westbound traffic exits onto State Street Extension, while eastbound traffic enters onto Columbia Street. Exits 6 and 5 provide access to Route 71, as well as access to Westfield Meriden. Exit 6 exits to Lewis Avenue, while Exit 5 exits directly to Route 71. From here, I-691 passes along the north side of Hubbard Park as well as by Castle Craig before it crosses into Southington. It then meets the eastern end of Route 322", "id": "767381" }, { "contents": "Interstate 291 (Connecticut)\n\n\nInterstate 291 (I-291) is a short Interstate Highway in the state of Connecticut that starts at I-91 at its junction with Route 218 in Windsor and ends at I-84 in Manchester. It serves as a northeastern bypass of Hartford. The official length of I-291 is , including of the exit ramp to the merge with eastbound I-84. I-291 is also known as the Vietnam Veterans Memorial Highway for its entire length. I-291 begins at I-91 in Windsor at an interchange that also provides access to and from Route 218. Heading southeast, I-291", "id": "4834367" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 in Connecticut\n\n\ncity of Waterbury, where it intersects the Route 8 expressway and crosses the Naugatuck River on an elevated dual-decked viaduct known locally as The Mixmaster. After passing through Cheshire, I-84 intersects the western end of I-691 at the Cheshire–Southington town line, which is also the New Haven–Hartford county line. I-84 turns more northerly for a stretch to exit 31 (Route 229), which provides access to Lake Compounce Amusement Park and ESPN World Headquarters. The freeway heads more northeasterly to Plainville, where it has a", "id": "14727149" }, { "contents": "Interstate 384\n\n\nInterstate 384 (I-384) is an Interstate Highway located entirely within the state of Connecticut. It runs east to west, going from Interstate 84 in East Hartford to U.S. Route 6/U.S. Route 44 in Bolton. I-384 officially begins at I-84 eastbound Exit 59 at the East Hartford/Manchester town line, as the right 2 lanes of traffic split from the I-84 mainline. The highway can also be accessed from the I-84 eastbound HOV lane, and westbound I-384 traffic can also access the HOV lane on westbound I-84. Westbound I-84", "id": "10503364" }, { "contents": "Special routes of U.S. Route 6\n\n\n6A from Plymouth–Farmington, this became US 6A. This US 6A was subsequently extended through Meriden to Willimantic along modern Route 66. An expressway upgrade was planned for this US 6A. Only a portion of the highway was built and is now I-691. U.S. Route 6A (US 6A) between Coventry and Windham was designated when New England Interstate Route 3 (NE-3) was deleted. The route was swapped with the old US 6 in 1939 and finally deleted in 1942 when US 6A became Route 31. U.S. Route 6A (US", "id": "10795785" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 (Pennsylvania–Massachusetts)\n\n\nNew Milford. Route 6 leaves the interstate at the next exit, and I-84 continues east across the countryside. At Exit 11, it turns to the northeast and descends to cross the Housatonic River on the Rochambeau Bridge, into New Haven County. It then climbs onto higher ground to the city of Waterbury, which it passes on an elevated viaduct with the eastbound and westbound lanes on different levels. Here the CT 8 expressway intersects. The eastern heading continues past Waterbury to Milldale, where Interstate 691 splits off to the east", "id": "12185438" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 120\n\n\nRoute 120 is a state highway in Connecticut, running entirely in the town of Southington. It serves as a more direct connection between the town center of Southington and the city of Meriden. Route 120 begins at an intersection with Route 322 in southeastern Southington, just west of the Meriden city line and about from an interchange with I-691. It heads in a northwest direction, crossing Misery Brook about later, passing by the St. Thomas Cemetery, then intersecting with Route 364 after another . Route 120 ends at an intersection with Route", "id": "21983096" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 322\n\n\nmeets Route 10 at a grade separated intersection. It briefly crosses into Cheshire before crossing the Quinnipiac River and reentering southeastern Southington. It meets the southern end of Route 120 before ending at an interchange with I-691 near the Southington-Meriden town line. The road continues into Meriden as West Main Street. Route 322 was established in 1963, running from Route 69 to then US 6A (Meriden Road) in Wolcott. The year before becoming a signed route, Route 322 was taken over by the state and designated as unsigned SR", "id": "8420887" }, { "contents": "Interstate 91\n\n\n. As such, it is almost always heavily trafficked (especially during rush hour), and maintains at least three lanes in each direction through Connecticut except for a short portion in Hartford at the interchange with I-84 and in Meriden at the interchange with Route 15. The three cities also serve as Connecticut's control points along its length of the Interstate. I-91 begins just east of downtown New Haven at an interchange with I-95 (the Connecticut Turnpike), and Route 34. At the bottom of the ramp for exit 5,", "id": "8976769" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 66\n\n\nIt ran from the Milldale section of Southington, via Meriden and Middletown, to Willimantic. In the 1932 state highway renumbering, old Highway 111 was designated as part of Route 14, which extended from Woodbury to the Rhode Island state line. In 1941, the section of Route 14 from Woodbury to Willimantic was redesignated as US 6A, connecting at US 6 on both ends. In the early 1960s, plans for constructing a US 6A expressway between I-84 in Southington and Willimantic were announced. By 1966, a short portion of", "id": "16691098" }, { "contents": "Interstate 66\n\n\nfrom eastbound I-66 to the West Falls Church Metro station at the Leesburg Pike (Virginia State Route 7) interchange and will provide a new bridge for the W&OD Trail over Lee Highway (Virginia State Route 29). In Washington D.C., I-66 was planned to extend east of its current terminus along the North Leg of the Inner Loop freeway. I-66 would have also met the eastern terminus of a planned Interstate 266 at US 29, and the western terminus of the South Leg Freeway (I-695) at US 50; I-266 would", "id": "9038810" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 10\n\n\n. It then turns north onto Dixwell Avenue, and intersects the Wilbur Cross Parkway (Route 15) at Exit 60. In the center of Hamden, it turns onto Whitney Avenue. Proceeding northward, it encounters the northern end of the Route 40 freeway and the western end of Route 22 . In Cheshire, it meets the eastern end of Route 42, and has a brief triplex with Routes 68 and 70. At the north end of town is a junction with I-691 at Exit 3. It then enters Southington, where", "id": "16098035" }, { "contents": "Interstate 80 in Iowa\n\n\nthe east at the Jordan Creek Parkway exit. The highway adds a third lane eastbound and drops the third lane westbound. Almost to the east is the interchange with I-35, which also marks the beginning of I-235. Eastbound I-80 exits the freeway via a flyover ramp to northbound I-35; eastbound I-235 begins as the continuation of the I-80 freeway. Locally, this exit is called the West Mixmaster. I-80 shares the next with I-35 on a six-lane freeway where each direction's three lanes are separated by a Jersey barrier.", "id": "3837266" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 68\n\n\nto its junction with I-91 at Exit 15. After overpassing I-91 and passing a couple of business parks, Route 68 becomes a 2 lane road once again. It then enters Durham, where it passes the southern end of Route 157 before ending at Route 17 in the center of town. The road connecting Naugatuck and Cheshire was designated in 1922 as State Highway 325. In the 1932 state highway renumbering, former Highway 325 was renumbered to Route 68. The route was later extended east to Middlefield in 1966 along former SR 607", "id": "3645090" }, { "contents": "Interstate 480 (Nebraska–Iowa)\n\n\nLeavenworth neighborhood from the Old Market neighborhood. Shortly after the Leavenworth Street exit is the Harney Street exit, which provides access to U.S. Route 6 from eastbound I-480. before the North Freeway interchange, I-480 passes beneath Dodge and Douglas Streets, which are the westbound and eastbound lanes of U.S. 6, respectively. Just to the southwest of the Creighton University campus is the North Freeway interchange, where US 75 leaves eastbound I-480 and joins westbound. The North Freeway was originally planned to be an Interstate Highway, \"I-580\", connecting", "id": "10317788" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nExit 110 leading to the I-40 frontage road along the eastbound lanes, which suddenly becomes a divided highway named \"Route 66.\" The first intersection is a connecting road to the parts of the interchange with the eastbound on-ramp, as well as the frontage roads along the westbound lanes, leading to the western terminus of the business loop. Shortly after this is the barely paved Carson County Road BB. The divided highway ends just west of TX FM 295 and Carson County Road CC (Western Avenue), and gains", "id": "294168" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 in New York\n\n\n6 and 202 closely parallel I-84 to the north, between the freeway and one of the upper basins of East Branch Reservoir, part of New York City's water supply system. The northern terminus of NY 121 lets eastbound traffic on and westbound traffic off. Two miles (3.2 km) to the east, Signs appear for Saw Mill Road, exit 1 on Connecticut's stretch of I-84, and its ramps leave the highway just a hundred feet (30 m) before the state line. The route of I-84 through the", "id": "995373" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 34\n\n\nLegion Avenue, later becoming South Frontage Road (former Oak Street), while westbound Route 34 uses North Frontage Road. The eastbound section running along Legion Avenue and South Frontage Road (1.03 miles) is town-maintained. The corresponding westbound section along North Frontage Road is officially designated as State Road 706 but is signed as Route 34 West. Route 34 then continues along the Oak Street Connector, a six-lane freeway that connects to I-91 and I-95. The freeway portion has two westbound exits and three eastbound entrances,", "id": "5492586" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nfor BL-40, because south of this intersection is an approach to a westbound on-eastbound off wye interchange with I-40. Immediately after this intersection, BL-40 ends at an eastbound on-westbound off wye interchange with I-40. The Clinton business loop of Interstate 40 is the fourth business route of I-40 in Oklahoma, running from exit 65 to exit 69, although only part of the route runs along former US 66. The route begins at exit 65, which is an eastbound flyover with no re-entry, and a westbound", "id": "294183" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nand maintenance facility, and then leaves the frontage road at the on ramp to eastbound I-40, where it meets its terminus. The frontage roads along both sides of I-40 continue through three more interchanges before crossing the Texas-Oklahoma State Line. The Erick business loop of Interstate 40 is the first business route of I-40 in Oklahoma. It begins on exit 5 (Honeyfarm Drive) and runs south into North 1720th Road until that street ends at a four-lane divided highway known as East 1240th Road (former Route 66)", "id": "294176" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 542\n\n\nRoute 542 (also known as Ferguson Road) is a state road in northern Connecticut. It is contained inside the town of Vernon. It runs from Route 533 to Route 541. Route 542 begins at Route 543 (Tunnel Road) in the central portion of the town of Vernon. It then heads east for about before intersecting with exit 66 on Interstate 84 (I-84}. Only travelers on westbound I-84 can exit onto Route 542, and that travelers on Route 542 can only get onto westbound I-84. About from the", "id": "1160744" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 71\n\n\nas it intersects West Main Street. While southbound traffic may continue from West Main Street onto Cook Avenue, northbound traffic must turn right onto Hanover Street, then left onto South Grove Street, and left onto West Main Street to continue. Once reunited, Route 71 proceeds west on West Main Street before turning north onto Chamberlain Highway. It then crosses I-691 at Exit 5, with access to and from the west. It then crosses into Berlin, passing the eastern end of Route 364 before turning northeast as the Chamberlain Highway becomes", "id": "18857060" }, { "contents": "Interstate 91\n\n\nparallels the river, never more than from its shore. I-91 then enters the Hartford city limits. In Hartford, I-91 it has a set of interchanges with US 5/Route 15 (Wilbur Cross Highway), which provides access from I-91 north to I-84 east, and from I-84 west to I-91 south via the Charter Oak Bridge. I-91 then has an interchange with I-84, where all other movements to and from I-84 take place. Before leaving the city limits, an HOV lane begins that has its own set of interchanges", "id": "8976772" }, { "contents": "Interstate 210 (Louisiana)\n\n\nShip Channel. At the southeastern end of the bridge, the highway meets with exit 3, Prien Lake Road, eastbound. I-210 heads east through Lake Charles, turning 90 degrees at exit 8, LA 14/Gerstner Memorial Drive. The highway then heads north towards its eastern terminus with I-10 just east of Lake Charles. Though portions of the freeway run north-south, the entire route is signed east-west. All of I-210 is included as part of the National Highway System, a system of roadways important to", "id": "2671252" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 95 in California\n\n\nChemehuevi Mountains before entering the city of Needles after several miles. After passing the Needles Municipal Airport, US 95 merges onto I-40 westbound and continues through Needles on the freeway. US 95 exits from I-40 west of Needles and continues northwest to Searchlight Junction, where US 95 continues north at the junction with the old routing of US 66. The highway continues north, east of Homer Mountain, to the Nevada state line. US 95 is part of the California Freeway and Expressway System, and a small portion near I-10 and the", "id": "21402148" }, { "contents": "Interstate 66\n\n\nInterstate 66 (I-66) is an Interstate Highway in the eastern United States. As indicated by its even route number, it runs in an east–west direction. Its current western terminus is near Middletown, Virginia, at an interchange with I-81; its eastern terminus is in Washington, D.C., at an interchange with U.S. Route 29. Because of its terminus in the Shenandoah Valley, the highway was once called the \"Shenandoah Freeway.\" Much of the route parallels U.S. Route 29 or Virginia State Route 55. Interstate", "id": "9038774" }, { "contents": "Interstate 95 in Connecticut\n\n\nof around 150,000 throughout the entire length between the New York state line and the junction with I-91 in New Haven. The Turnpike intersects with several major expressways, namely US 7 at Exit 15 in Norwalk, Route 8 and Route 25 at Exit 27A in Bridgeport (quickest way to I-84 from southwest CT), the Merritt and Wilbur Cross Parkways at Exit 38 (via the Milford Parkway) in Milford, and Interstate 91 at Exit 48 in New Haven. North (east) of I-91, the Turnpike continues along the Connecticut", "id": "5620386" }, { "contents": "Missouri Route 96\n\n\nRoute 96 was redesignated as Route YY west of Route 171 when Kansas deleted the eastern part of K-96. Route 96 begins at a partial interchange with Interstate 44 (I-44) just west of Halltown (there is no access to westbound I-44 or from eastbound I-44). The highway is a two-lane road and is relatively straight all the way to Carthage. Approximately west of I-44 is the western terminus of Route 266. Approximately further west, Route 96 is joined by Historic Route 66. At Albatross, is an intersection", "id": "11824778" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nI-40, and the former segment of US 66 along the north side continues as one of the two I-40 frontage roads. The Amarillo business loop of Interstate 40 begins at I-40 exit 62A just west of Amarillo. The highway was formerly a business route for Route 66, being that highway's only bannered route in Texas. Bus. I-40 D is known locally as Amarillo Boulevard and is the longest buisness route of Interstate 40. Bus. I-40 D begins at Interstate 40 exit 62A just west of Amarillo near Cadillac Ranch. The", "id": "294164" }, { "contents": "Interstate 540 and North Carolina Highway 540\n\n\nto the Western Wake Freeway and future Southern and Eastern Wake Freeways. As of January 2013, the North Carolina state route traverses east–west from I-40, in Durham County to NC 55, in Holly Springs. Initially intended to be signed as an extension of the I-540 loop, the first section of the route bears mile markers and exit numbers for the complete Interstate loop, going from 66 to 69. In Mid-2012, this section of the beltway became part of the Triangle Expressway. No portion of I-540 is tolled.", "id": "6204061" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 229\n\n\nRoute 229 is a state highway in the western Greater Hartford area of the U.S. state of Connecticut. It runs north–south from Interstate 84 in Southington to U.S. Route 6 in Bristol. Along the way, it intersects Route 72 in the Forestville section of Bristol. Route 229 nominally begins at the end of the eastbound Exit 31 off-ramp of I-84 in western Southington, heading northward along West Street. State maintenance and the official southern end of Route 229 actually begins about south of the off-ramp. West Street", "id": "7429975" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nwhich focuses on the roads former status as Route 66. The commercial strip ends after a dirt road named North Tennessee Street. \"Route 66\" splits from East 12th Street at an intersection that's another connecting road to the eastbound off-ramp of Exit 164, the then runs over the overpass above I-40 to turn right at the frontage road along the westbound lanes leading to the western beginning of the business loop. Eastbound Business Interstate Route 40-J narrows down to a two-lane undivided highway before passing by a TxDOT construction", "id": "294175" }, { "contents": "Highway revolts in the United States\n\n\nInterstate 291 beltway west of Interstate 91, the proposed Interstate 484 expressway through the downtown, and the proposed Interstate 284 expressway between East Hartford and South Windsor, and Interstate 491 from Wethersfield to Manchester. After these freeways were cancelled, the State of Connecticut used the funds allocated for their construction to rebuild and expand existing freeways in the Greater Hartford area. In 1992 the Route 9 Expressway was extended north from I-91 in New Britain to Interstate 84 in Farmington, completing what would have been the southwest quadrant of the I-291 beltway;", "id": "256037" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 in Connecticut\n\n\nthe northern end of the Route 15 expressway, it inherits the Wilbur Cross Highway name for the rest of its length. From 1968 until 1984, the I-84 designation ended here, and the highway became I-86 for the rest of its length, as I-84 was once planned to be built east toward Providence, Rhode Island. I-84 intersects one of the remnants of the abandoned project, I-384, as part of a series of complex interchanges in Manchester including the end of the US 6 concurrency at exit 60, and a connection to", "id": "14727152" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nfrontage roads along the westbound lanes leading to the western beginning of the business loop, and an unorthodox roadside attraction known as the Leaning Tower of Texas. Business Interstate Route 40-F ends at the on ramp to eastbound I-40, as does the divided former US 66, which is converted back into the frontage road along the eastbound lanes of I-40. The McLean business loop of Interstate 40 runs from exit 141 to 143. Officially designated as Business Interstate 40-H by the Texas Department of Transportation, it begins at I-40 at an eastbound flyover", "id": "294170" }, { "contents": "Maryland Route 53\n\n\nstate highway then meets its northern terminus at an intersection with US 40 Alternate in La Vale. Access to westbound I-68 is provided a short distance to the east on US 40 Alternate. MD 53 is part of US 220 Truck, which provides access from Interstate 68 (I-68) west of La Vale to southbound US 220 for trucks due to a truck prohibition on the eastbound exit ramp for I-68's interchange with US 220. The state highway is part of the main National Highway System from US 220 to I-68; in addition", "id": "11898711" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 84\n\n\nend street at the truck stop along the aforementioned frontage road. Interstate 84 Business was a business loop of I-84 along in Morgan, Utah. It ran north along Utah State Route 66 at Exit 103 (State Street) to East 600th Street running along the north side of I-84 until the former westbound-off-ramp and eastbound on-ramp that was once westbound Exit 103 until the mid-1990s. Interstate 84 Business was a business loop of I-84 along in Henefer, Utah. It ran southeast along the southwest side of I-84", "id": "6061978" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 5 in Connecticut\n\n\nStreet becomes Broad Street after the intersection with Hall Avenue as it passes by the eastern part of the city, avoiding the downtown area. Past Olive Street, the road becomes divided with a wide grassy median. At the north end of the divided section, it has an intersection with East Main Street, the main east–west business route through the city. About north of East Main Street, US 5 has an interchange with I-691 (at exit 8). At the intersection with Brittania Street, the road becomes North Broad", "id": "5428414" }, { "contents": "Interstate 91\n\n\nthe river can also be easily accessed in this stretch. At exit 19 is the northern terminus of I-93, a major interstate highway in New England, which provides a direct route south through the White Mountains and to almost all major cities in New Hampshire. Just after exit 19, there are three exits for St. Johnsbury, including a major intersection with US 2. Along westbound US 2, the capital of Vermont, Montpelier, is eventually reached from I-91, although I-89 provides Montpelier with immediate Interstate access. I-91 continues northward", "id": "8976783" }, { "contents": "Massachusetts Turnpike\n\n\nand the seventh-longest gap between exits in the entire Interstate Highway System. The highest elevation on the turnpike exists in The Berkshires, reaching above sea level in Becket; this point is also the highest elevation on I-90 east of South Dakota. Beyond the peak elevation and between the exits, an eastbound runaway truck ramp exists in Russell. The turnpike has an interchange with I-91 and US 5 at exit 4 in West Springfield; it passes over the Connecticut River before reaching Route 33 at exit 5 and I-291 at exit 6", "id": "8595595" }, { "contents": "County Route 66 (California)\n\n\ncrossing paths with the freeway again at Fenner, before heading east on Goffs Road to the junction with US 95. Next, CR 66 cosigns along US 95 south to the junction with I-40, where both the US and county routes cosign with I-40 heading east towards Needles. CR 66 exits the freeway at River Road Cutoff, where it immediately turns onto National Trails Highway after exiting. The route follows National Trails Highway to its end on River Road, then begins its southeast journey into downtown Needles. After an interchange with I-40", "id": "21979064" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 (Pennsylvania–Massachusetts)\n\n\n. This section has many left-hand exits and entrances and sharp curves, which were built for a planned network of freeways. I-84 heads northeast towards New Britain and Hartford, the state capital and the largest community along its eastern length. After intersecting Interstate 91, the road crosses the Connecticut River on the Bulkeley Bridge, oldest on the Interstate system, then becomes the Wilbur Cross Highway and continues towards the northeast. The last exit in Connecticut is Exit 74, an exit for Route 171. I-84 crosses the Massachusetts border", "id": "12185439" }, { "contents": "Rhode Island Route 4\n\n\n. After exit 7, Route 4 continues northward as a six-lane expressway, passing farmlands to the west and entering a suburban region of East Greenwich. The highway crosses under an overpass at Middle Road before interchanging with Route 401, the freeway's final spur, at another partial cloverleaf interchange. Exit 8 is also used to access Route 2 and I-95 south, which has no direct freeway connection with Route 4 north. Shortly after exit 8, the Route 4 designation ends and the mainline of the highway defaults onto I-95", "id": "14737226" }, { "contents": "Cromwell, Connecticut\n\n\nis land and (4.03%) is water. A major north/south highway, Interstate 91, with two Cromwell exits, runs through the Town. The Central Connecticut Expressway (Route 9), opened at the end of 1989, enhances the Town's location as it connects I-95 in Old Saybrook, I-91 in Cromwell and I-84, the State's major east/west highway in New Britain. As of the census of 2010, there were 14,005 people, 5,212 households, and 3,262 families residing in the town.", "id": "17977773" }, { "contents": "Interstate 190 (South Dakota)\n\n\n16 westbound goes east on Omaha Street and eastbound runs north concurrently with I-190. I-190 then becomes a freeway, with an exit to North Street. I-190 then passes under Anamosa Street before an on-ramp from the northbound lanes of West Boulevard. Both US 16 and I-190 then terminate at a trumpet interchange with I-90/US 14/SD 79. Legally, the route of I-190 is defined at South Dakota Codified Laws § 31-4-203. I-190 was opened in 1962 to connect Rapid City to the recently completed", "id": "2672231" }, { "contents": "Interstate 210 and State Route 210 (California)\n\n\nfor the interchange between State Route 57 and the Foothill Freeway, Interstate 210. The \"curve\" portion refers to the interchange from the northbound lanes of State Route 57 to the westbound lanes of I-210, and from the eastbound lanes of I-210 to the southbound lanes of State Route 57. The origin of the name comes from its location in the city of Glendora. Prior to 2002, this interchange was entirely part of I-210, and the eastern terminus of I-210 ended several miles south of the curve at the Kellogg Interchange at", "id": "2671217" }, { "contents": "Interstate 78 in New Jersey\n\n\nEntering more commercial areas, Route 173 merges onto I-78/US 22 at exit 13. At exit 15, the highway interchanges with CR 513, and Route 173 splits from I-78/US 22 by heading north on CR 513. At this point, the freeway enters Franklin Township briefly at exit 15 and then enters Clinton where it crosses the South Branch Raritan River. I-78/US 22 turns northeast and leaves Clinton for Clinton Township, where it has an eastbound exit and westbound entrance for Route 173 that also provides access to", "id": "16353900" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 15\n\n\nlimits, the business route veers onto Center Street and follows that through the center of town. At the north end of the city, I-15 Bus. turns west and runs concurrently with US 30 to its northern end at I-15 Exit 47. Interstate 15 Business runs for exactly through Inkom in northern Bannock County. I-15 Bus. mostly follows Old Highway 91 between Exits 57 and 58, a pair of partial interchanges. Interstate 15 Business spans through Pocatello in northern Bannock County. I-15 Bus. begins at I-15 Exit 67, where", "id": "15434019" }, { "contents": "Interstate 10 in California\n\n\nI-10 down Interstate 5 between the East LA Interchange and the Santa Monica Freeway, negating a section of the San Bernardino Freeway west of I-5. This short section of Route 10 between Route 5 and Route 101, which was formerly defined as Route 110 (signed as Interstate 110) until 1968, is signed overhead for I-10 eastbound and for U.S. 101 westbound. This I-5/I-10 cosigning is consistent with the Federal Highway Administration's Interstate Highway route logs that such an overlap exists for the segment of I-10 in California. I-10 is", "id": "10298840" }, { "contents": "Nevada State Route 425\n\n\ncenter of Verdi, then southeast to its terminus at the I-80 East Verdi interchange (Exit 5). Although designated a state route and an Interstate business route, there are no route shields posted along the highway itself. The I-80 business route extends beyond the end of SR 425. From the highway's western terminus, I-80 Business follows Gold Ranch Road an additional south to end at an I-80 westbound onramp. The highway originally carried State Route 1 and later U.S. Route 40 on its trek west from Reno over Donner Pass towards", "id": "5840323" }, { "contents": "Interstate 516\n\n\ncurrent western terminus of I-516. In 1985, the entire highway from its then-current western terminus at Burnsed Blvd to Montgomery Street was designated as I-516. The freeway portion was extended westward to the interchange with SR 25 (Burnsed Blvd) and eastward to the current eastern terminus. Also US 17/SR 25 and US 80/SR 26 were re-routed along the freeway, from the West Bay Street exit to the Ogeechee Road exit. In 1995, US 17 had a major re-routing through the city", "id": "10860994" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 15\n\n\nState Route 28. Interstate 15 Business is a Business loop of Interstate 15 in Bringham City, and is also concurrent with Business Loop 84. It runs from an interchange at Exit 362 on I-15/84 at first along U.S. Route 91 to the intersection with U.S. Route 89 and UT 13. US 91 continues east along US 89, while BL 15/84 turns left to go north along UT 13 (South Main Street). Further in town, the road serves as the west end of Utah State Route 90. At Forest Street,", "id": "15434015" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 95 in Nevada\n\n\nthe Henderson Spaghetti Bowl (also known as the Hender-Bender) interchange of Interstate 215 and SR 564 and Interstate 515 begins. The freeway then heads west into Downtown Las Vegas, where it intersects Interstate 15. At the Spaghetti Bowl interchange, US 93 follows I-15 northbound and I-515 ends. US 95 heads west, then north at the Rainbow Curve. The freeway portion then ends at Corn Creek Road northwest of the Las Vegas Valley and then it becomes a brief four-lane divided highway. US 95 exits Clark County", "id": "7359006" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 15\n\n\nwhen it turns east onto Alameda Road, which becomes Pocatello Creek Road when it veers northeast to the business route's terminus at I-15 Exit 71. Interstate 15 Business has a length of through Blackfoot in central Bingham County. I-15 Bus. begins at I-15 Exit 89 near the northern end of the Fort Hall Indian Reservation and follows US 91 northeast parallel to the Union Pacific Railroad. The highways cross the Blackfoot River into the city of Blackfoot along Broadway Street. In downtown Blackfoot, the routes veer onto Main Street, then I-15", "id": "15434021" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 50 in Maryland\n\n\neastbound exit. Following this interchange, US 50 passes office parks and industrial development in New Carrollton. The highway reaches a hybrid turbine interchange with I-95/I-495, the Capital Beltway. At the I-95/I-495 interchange, the US 50 freeway becomes part of the Interstate Highway System as I-595, which is an unsigned highway. The road heads east as an ten-lane freeway, with the left lane in each direction designated as a high-occupancy vehicle lane (HOV lane). The freeway passes near residential development and", "id": "21110676" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nloop of Interstate 40 is the third business route of I-40 in Oklahoma. It runs northeast along former US 66 from eastbound exit 32 and turns east after the beginning of an overlap with OK 6 that runs along the route until OK 6 turns south at North Main Street. From there it snakes through the northeastern part of the city and after the intersection with OK 34 finally terminates with I-40 at westbound exit 41. The route begins at a left exit in a wye interchange with Interstate 40, which also serves as a connection", "id": "294180" }, { "contents": "Iowa Highway 330\n\n\nused as a connector between Des Moines and the Waterloo–Cedar Falls area. Iowa 330 begins at an interchange with Interstate 80 (I-80), U.S. Route 6 (US 6), and US 65 in Altoona. The I-80 freeway runs east–west; US 6 comes up from the southwest along Hubbell Avenue and joins eastbound I-80 while US 65 exits eastbound I-80 and turns onto Hubbell heading northeast. For the first of its routing, Iowa 330 shares the same roadway with US 65. The two routes head northeast on", "id": "10381823" }, { "contents": "Interstate 180 (Pennsylvania)\n\n\nat an interchange with U.S. Route 15 and U.S. Route 220. The highway begins its signage, concurrent along these routes. At exit 27A, US 15 leaves the overlap running south across the Carl E. Stotz Memorial Little League Bridge and I-180 continues eastward, still concurrent with US 220 northbound. From there, I-180 runs along the West Branch Susquehanna River until the highway reaches the eastern suburbs of Williamsport, where US 220 leaves the Interstate via exit 15. From US 220 to the eastern terminus, I-180 is aligned north–south", "id": "4494305" }, { "contents": "Interstate 76 (Ohio–New Jersey)\n\n\nJersey. After I-76 reaches its eastern terminus, the freeway continues as Route 42 and the Atlantic City Expressway to Atlantic City. I-76 begins at I-71 at exit 209, east of Lodi, Ohio; U.S. Route 224 (US 224) continues west from the end of I-76. The interchange was previously a double trumpet, but was reconstructed in 2010. Officially, I-76 begins at the beginning of the ramp from I-71 north; it merges with US 224 at mile 0.61. After passing through rural Medina County, I-76 enters Summit", "id": "12185505" }, { "contents": "Interstate 215 (Utah)\n\n\ninterchange features a grade-separated ramp from northbound 2000 East to eastbound I-215. Past this junction, another interchange at Union Park Avenue appears. Another grade-separated ramp from Union Park Avenue is present. The freeway enters Murray as an interchange serving westbound motorists connects to 280 East and State Street (U.S. Route 89, or US-89). Eastbound travelers connect to State Street further west at a separate exit. The road turns northwest for a short time to approach a junction at I-15 (often called the South Interchange).", "id": "9551591" }, { "contents": "List of state routes in Connecticut\n\n\n. Routes are signed state highways and are assigned numbers from 1 to 399 (with the exception of I-684 and I-691). All state, U.S. and Interstate highways are part of the same numbering system. In 1926, the U.S. highway system was implemented. U.S. Routes 1, 5, 6, and 7 were used as designations on several primary state highways, replacing New England routes 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. The other New England routes that were not re-designated as U.S. routes became ordinary", "id": "5492536" }, { "contents": "Interstate 291 (Massachusetts)\n\n\ndirectly through highly populated areas of Springfield, and passes under several overpasses. From its southwestern terminus to exit 5A, Interstate 291 is concurrent with U.S. Route 20. I-291 is only from Interstate 291 in Connecticut, and there are no intervening Interstate Highway interchanges between them. It can be easy for travelers to become confused between the two highways. Interstate 291 begins as a spur of Interstate 91 at Exit 8 in Springfield, concurrent with U.S. 20, which merges from the north. The two entry ramps from I-91 merge with each", "id": "1778230" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 15\n\n\nprovides access to the end of the Sprinter commuter train line. Shortly thereafter, I-15 Business intersects County Route S14, and then interchanges with State Route 78. The interchange is the last interchange on the 78 before its freeway status ends, and there are only ramps for a westbound entrance or eastbound exit. Continuing north, I-15 Business intersects with El Norte Parkway, a major arterial road, before reconnecting with Interstate 15 at I-15 exit 34 near the northern city limits of Escondido. Though the street itself continues northward well on into", "id": "15434009" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 9\n\n\nSaybrook to I-91 in Cromwell is known as the \"Chester Bowles Highway\". The section from I-91 in Cromwell to Exit 24 in Berlin is known as the \"Korean War Veterans Memorial Highway\". The section from Route 72 in New Britain to Route 175 in Newington is known as the \"Taras Shevchenko Expressway\". The section from Route 175 in Newington to the junction with I-84 is known as the \"Iwo Jima Memorial Expressway\". The road connecting Deep River (then known as Saybrook) and Wethersfield along the west", "id": "15881247" }, { "contents": "Colorado State Highway 74\n\n\nthe Evergreen Parkway segment to four lanes and constructing an interchange with I-70. SH 74 begins at an interchange with I-70 in El Rancho. Ramps from I-70 westbound branch off the freeway's exit 252 from the north side and cross the highway southwestward. Access to SH 74 from I-70 eastbound is provided via U.S. Highway 40 (US 40) a slight distance to the west. From I-70, the roadway heads southwesterly through El Rancho, meeting an intersection with US 40 (Swede Gulch Road). The route heads westward before turning", "id": "12873578" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 84\n\n\nsoutheast corner of that intersection, and the contemporary but still traditional Brigham City Utah Temple on the southwest corner. UT 13 ends at the southern terminus of the overlap of US 89/91, and BL-15/84 makes a sharp right turn along southbound US 91, while South Main Street is taken over by southbound US 89. US 91/BL-15/84 runs west along West 1100th Street South. BL-15/84 ends at Exit 362, a diverging diamond interchange with I-15/84, while West 1100th Street South continues into the I-15 frontage road, and becomes a dead", "id": "6061977" }, { "contents": "Interstate 384\n\n\naccess to I-384 is provided through a complex interchange that also provides access from Pleasant Valley Road near Buckland Hills Mall and from I-291. I-384's first exit is for Spencer Street. The eastbound ramp is on the I-384 mainline, while the westbound ramp comes from a split in the I-84 interchange ramp. Just east of the Spencer Street overpass, the ramp from westbound I-84 joins the I-384 mainline and the HOV lane becomes a conventional lane. I-384 continues along the southern part of Manchester. It has one interchange before it intersects Route", "id": "10503365" }, { "contents": "Interstate 78 in New Jersey\n\n\ninto Springfield Township. The freeway passes near First Watchung Mountain before coming to the Route 24 interchange, where suburban development becomes more dense. At Route 24, I-78 divides into local and express lanes, with three express and three local lanes eastbound and two express and three local lanes westbound. In this section of the highway, most access is via the local lanes, though the next exit for Route 124 includes a direct westbound onramp to the express lanes. Before Route 124, I-78 briefly runs east through Millburn in Essex County", "id": "16353906" }, { "contents": "California State Route 237\n\n\n85. Westbound traffic can connect to Route 85 southbound, but the eastbound traffic connection to Route 85 northbound is labeled as an exit for U.S. 101. Route 237 intersects with Highway 101 at the southern corner of Moffett Field. After this intersection, a carpool lane is added, for a total of three lanes in either direction. It remains like this until the east end of the freeway at Interstate 880, where most eastbound traffic is directed to northbound I-880. The route then becomes a city street (an arterial road)", "id": "9003349" }, { "contents": "Massachusetts Route 141\n\n\nas Easthampton Road, crossing roads south of Mount Tom. Crossing through the Rock Valley section of Holyoke, the highway passes south of the Whiting Reservoir and Wyckoff Country Club, entering the Smiths Valley section. Through Smiths Valley, Route 141 runs southeast through a residential neighborhood, reaching a ramp to Interstate 91 southbound (I-91 exit 17). After another turn, the route crosses into a trumpet interchange with I-91 northbound, becoming a one-way couplet through downtown Holyoke. Route 141 eastbound runs along Dwight Street while Route 141", "id": "2532205" }, { "contents": "Interstate 295 (Delaware–Pennsylvania)\n\n\nof Penndel. Following this interchange, the freeway runs south-southeast near suburban residential areas as it heads west of Levittown. I-295 enters Bristol Township and terminates at an interchange with I-95 at I-276 (Pennsylvania Turnpike). At this interchange, I-295 merges into southbound I-95, with access from westbound I-295 to southbound I-95 and from northbound I-95 to eastbound I-295; there are no ramps connecting I-295 and the Pennsylvania Turnpike. In the 1927 New Jersey state highway renumbering, Route 39 was legislated to begin at the Yardley–Wilburtha Bridge", "id": "9627779" }, { "contents": "James River Freeway\n\n\n. The portion of the James River Freeway between I-44 and the interchange with US 60 and Route 413 is designated as Route 360. Other than its endpoints, there is only one interchange on the route: Route MM in Brookline (now part of Republic). Exit markers for the highway mark the road as the James River Freeway and have no control cities, only \"To Route 60\" eastbound and \"To I-44\" westbound. The control cities between US 60 and US 65 are Republic westbound and Rogersville eastbound. At", "id": "6615288" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 6 in Rhode Island\n\n\nturns south on the I-295 collector/distributor roads to the west end of that freeway. The south interchange of US 6 and I-295 has numerous ramp stubs once intended for a western continuation of the Roberts Expressway as Interstate 84. The six-lane Roberts Expressway has interchanges with Route 5, U.S. Route 6A, Route 128, and US 6A again on its way to Olneyville. It crosses from Johnston into Providence just west of the bridge over Route 128. At the second US 6A interchange, the older Olneyville Bypass begins,", "id": "21794194" }, { "contents": "Flatbush Avenue Connector\n\n\nstate proposed the corridor as the Cedar Ridge Connector with no number, leading from its current terminus at I-84 to U.S. 5/Route 15 in Wethersfield. The short expressway planned to include an interchange with a planned but cancelled Route 71 expressway leading to New Britain. Circa 2015, the viaduct carrying the northbound ramp to Eastbound I-84 was removed, and a new alignment adjacent to the southbound off ramp from Westbound I-84 was built. Exit 45 is currently an incomplete interchange, with ramps only for I-84 westbound to SR 504 (left", "id": "5839909" }, { "contents": "Interstate 195 (New Jersey)\n\n\ndesignation west and south, along existing I-95 instead. I-195's western terminus is at a modified cloverleaf interchange with I-295 in Hamilton Township, Mercer County, located southeast of the city of Trenton. From this end, the freeway continues north into Trenton as Route 29. I-195 serves as the southern continuation of Route 29, continuing east from I-295 as a six-lane expressway, passing between suburban neighborhoods to the north and the Crosswicks Creek to the south. After the exit for US 206, the highway narrows to four lanes", "id": "14760197" }, { "contents": "Massachusetts Route 25\n\n\nRoute 25 west mainline onto Route 495 north, with the right-hand lane serving I-195 via Exit 1. From I-195, Route 25 east is accessible via Exit 22A; I-195 terminates at the interchange. Interstate 495 also terminates at its junction with Route 25; the two southbound lanes of I-495 default onto Route 25 east. After the interchange with I-195 and I-495, Route 25 begins to head in a southeastern direction into the town of Wareham as a six-lane freeway. The route passes under Tihonet Road and through Maple", "id": "18239659" }, { "contents": "California State Route 56\n\n\ncompleted in 1995 after several lawsuits filed by the Sierra Club and other community groups. The two ends were not connected until the middle portion of the freeway was completed in 2004. The delay was largely due to funding issues and environmental concerns. Eastbound SR 56 begins as a ramp from the northbound I-5's local bypass lanes. The interchange is not complete; southbound I-5 traffic must exit to Carmel Valley Road before entering SR 56. Westbound traffic on SR 56 merges into the southbound I-5 local bypass lanes, which provide access to", "id": "2729277" }, { "contents": "Utah State Route 161\n\n\nState Route 161 (SR-161) is a long state highway, designated as a rural major connector, completely within Millard County in central Utah. The highway connects Interstate 70 (I-70) to I-15 while providing service to historic Cove Fort. The route was once part of U.S. Route 91 (US-91), but was renumbered to SR-161 in the 1970s, in parallel with the construction of I-70. Located entirely in southeastern Millard County, SR-161 starts at a diamond interchange with the westernmost exit on I-70 before it terminates at I-15.", "id": "14472451" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 in Connecticut\n\n\nbrief concurrency with Route 72 to the New Britain city line. From the Route 72 junction through Farmington, West Hartford, and into Hartford, I-84 has many left-hand exits and entrances and sharp curves, which were built for a planned network of freeways. In Farmington, US 6 joins I-84 once again at exit 38, and both meet the northern end of the Route 9 expressway at a half-used multi-level stack interchange that was originally planned to be part of the mostly-cancelled I-291 Hartford Beltway.", "id": "14727150" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 40\n\n\nan interchange. Route 40 begins from northbound I-91 in North Haven as the Exit 10 off-ramp. The designation runs for along the exit ramp. The expressway then proceeds northwest and is joined by on-ramps from Bailey Road and southbound I-91. The I-91 interchange includes an overpass over the Quinnipiac River and railroad tracks. About past the I-91 interchange, the road crosses over another set of railroad tracks, then has an interchange with U.S. Route 5. Access to and from US 5 is via Dixwell Avenue (SR 717", "id": "15644232" }, { "contents": "Interstate 695 (District of Columbia)\n\n\nsome remaining \"To I-395\" signage can still be found along I-695 westbound. The new signs designate I-695 as extending from the point where I-395 branches off from the Southeast Freeway, with I-695 continuing along the Southeast Freeway and over the new 11th Street Bridge to the interchange with I-295. However, some commentators contend the new signage is confusing and that the Southeast Freeway is often confused with Baltimore's Beltway, a highway with the same route designation. The entire route is in Washington, D.C. Exits were unnumbered until July 2014.", "id": "13815020" }, { "contents": "California State Route 91\n\n\nState Route 91 (SR 91) is a major east–west state highway in the U.S. state of California that serves several regions of the Greater Los Angeles urban area. A freeway throughout its entire length, it officially runs from Vermont Avenue in Gardena, just west of the junction with the Harbor Freeway (Interstate 110, I-110), east to Riverside at the junction with the Pomona (SR 60 west of SR 91) and Moreno Valley (SR 60 and I-215 east of SR 91) freeways. Though signs along", "id": "4945631" }, { "contents": "Tennessee State Route 182\n\n\nState Route 182 (abbreviated SR 182) is a secondary state highway in western Dyer County, Tennessee. This route is primarily rural in nature throughout its length. The first of SR 182 from its southern terminus with SR 104 to Interstate 155 is a modern two-lane facility with a speed limit. I-155 ended at Exit 7 during the 1970s and this section of SR 182 also served as a temporary link to SR 104 for eastbound motorists until the freeway was completed to Exit 15. SR 182 north of I-155 to its", "id": "12693771" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 4 in New Hampshire\n\n\nI-93 southbound, and runs along the freeway until Exit 15E in Concord. At this interchange, US-4 leaves I-93 and joins Interstate 393 and U.S. Route 202 which run eastbound out of the city. The two U.S. routes overlap I-393 to its terminus in the northern corner of Pembroke. I-393 then ends, and US-4/US-202 merge onto Route 9 eastbound through Chichester and into Epsom. The road crosses Route 28 at the Epsom Traffic Circle, then continues east and intersects Route 107, forming a long four-route concurrency into Northwood", "id": "19470164" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 9\n\n\nriver, it passes through the towns of Essex, Deep River, Chester, Haddam, and Middletown). After its junction with Interstate 91 in Cromwell, Route 9 continues westward then northward, running through the Hartford area towns/cities of Berlin, New Britain, Newington, and Farmington. At the junction with I-84/US 6 near the Farmington - West Hartford town line, Route 9 follows the ramps for eastbound I-84 and ends at the merge with I-84 immediately after crossing the town line. Route 9 has a non", "id": "15881245" }, { "contents": "Maryland Route 32\n\n\nCSX line) and several industrial parks in Annapolis Junction. MD 32 continues northwest into Savage, where the highway has a cloverleaf interchange with US 1 (Washington Boulevard) that includes collector-distributor lanes in both directions. North of Savage, the freeway has a partial cloverleaf interchange with I-95 that has a pair of left-exiting ramps from westbound MD 32 to southbound I-95 and from eastbound MD 32 to northbound I-95; because of these left exits, I-95 is configured differently in that its southbound lanes pass under MD 32 and", "id": "8470347" }, { "contents": "Interstate 95 in Massachusetts\n\n\nto eight lanes. Then the highway passes through Newton, then enters Weston and has a large interchange with the Massachusetts Turnpike (I-90) that provides connections to nearby Route 30. There is a fourth lane after the interchange with Route 9. Exits 23, 24, and 25 are one combined exit northbound. I-95 and Route 128 are due west of Boston at this point and begin to turn to the northeast, serving the city of Waltham and the town of Lexington along the way. The freeway has an interchange with Route", "id": "18993893" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 372\n\n\nthe Mattabesset River, intersecting I-91 at Exit 21. It then widens to 4 lanes, and intersects the northern end of Route 217. Farther east, it crosses Route 3 before meeting Route 9 once again at Exit 19. It then turns southeast to at an intersection with Route 99 at the Cromwell town center. Route 72 was established in the 1932 state highway renumbering between Route 66 in Middletown and Route 10 Plainville. By the beginning of 1963, after the implementation of the 1962 Route Reclassification Act, Route 72 was extended", "id": "8495485" }, { "contents": "Interstate 664\n\n\nhas a connection to Portsmouth through Virginia State Route 164 (SR 164) and to Suffolk via U.S. Route 13, US 58, and US 460. I-664 begins at a full Y interchange with I-64 and I-264 that serves as the terminus of all three Interstates in the Bowers Hill section of the city of Chesapeake. I-64 heads southeast as a continuation of the Hampton Roads Beltway through Chesapeake while I-264 heads east toward Portsmouth and Norfolk. I-664 heads west as an eight-lane freeway that has a southbound-only exit ramp to", "id": "13145352" }, { "contents": "Virginia State Route 194\n\n\ncloverleaf interchange with I-64 (Hampton Roads Beltway) that only contains ramps in the northeast and southwest quadrants of the interchange. Northbound SR 194 has an exit ramp to and an entrance ramp from westbound I-64. Southbound SR 194 has an exit ramp to and an entrance ramp from eastbound I-64. The missing connections with I-64 are made via SR 247 to the south and SR 165 (Little Creek Road) to the north of the Interstate. North of SR 165, SR 194 becomes a four-lane divided highway north to its", "id": "19152409" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nalphabetic values to allow for future system expansion. The alphabetic naming suffixes are included as small letters on the bottom of reassurance shields. The Glenrio business spur of Interstate 40 begins at I-40 on exit 0 just east of the New Mexico-Texas state line. The highway runs south from the interchange towards Former route 66, then turns west along that decommissioned route where it terminates at the Texas-New Mexico State Line. The Adrian business loop of Interstate 40 begins at I-40 at exit 22 and runs along Former route 66 to", "id": "294158" }, { "contents": "Vermont Route 103\n\n\nand slightly better road across the Green Mountains to Rutland, it is a direct east–west road intersecting Interstate 91 significantly north of the diagonal 103. Numerous proposals to widen 103 into a two-lane freeway or similar limited-access roadway have failed, even though a substantial power company right of way shadows the road for much of its length. VT 103 begins at U.S. Route 5 in Rockingham just east of Interstate 91 and just north of Bellows Falls. From there, it interchanges with I-91 at exit 6 and proceeds", "id": "13506058" } ]

[ { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\nInterstate 691 (I-691) is a portion of the Interstate Highway System in Connecticut beginning at Interstate 91 in Meriden and ending at Interstate 84 near the Cheshire-Southington town line. It is in length, including of the exit ramp to the merge with westbound I-84. I-691 is also known as the Henry D. Altobello Highway for its entire length. I-691 is the main east–west highway of the city of Meriden. The freeway actually begins in Middlefield as Route 66, technically becoming I-691 at the junction with I-91 (Exit", "id": "767379" }, { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\n11). However, westbound signage indicates I-691 begins at the start of the freeway (just west of Exit 13), while eastbound signage shows I-691 ending at the Route 15 interchange (at eastbound Exit 10 about west of the interchange with I-91). To go from I-91 northbound to I-691 westbound (or from I-691 eastbound to I-91 southbound), one must actually use Route 15. Exit 9 westbound provides access to Route 15 North. West of the I-91/Route 15 interchange, I-691 meets US 5, which provides", "id": "767380" }, { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\n66. The highway was extended west to Exit 4 by 1971. The connection to I-84 was eventually completed in 1987, with the renumbering to I-691 done at the same time. The portion east of I-91 remained as Route 66. Environmental and community groups successfully blocked attempts to extend the freeway east of its present terminus due to potential impacts on the Mt. Higby Reservoir, which provides drinking water for the local area. A compromise was reached in the late 1990s allowing CONNDOT to convert Route 66 from a 2-lane road to 4 lanes", "id": "767383" }, { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\nat Exit 4. It then crosses the Quinnipiac River into Cheshire, where it has an interchange with Route 10, then continues west to end at I-84 at the Southington/Cheshire town line. The highway officially ends as it merges into I-84 West. In the 1940s, the I-691 routing was part of a planned US 6A Expressway from Southington to Willimantic. A section of the expressway (from its Middlefield terminus west to Exit 8) first opened in 1966. By 1968, the US 6A designation was dropped in favor of Route", "id": "767382" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 66\n\n\nRoute 66 is a Connecticut state highway running from Meriden to Windham, serving as an alternate east–west route to US 6 through east-central Connecticut. Route 66 officially begins at I-91 in Meriden as the extension of I-691, which officially ends at its interchange with I-91. This freeway portion runs for about into the town of Middlefield, where it becomes a four lane surface road. In Middlefield, it has junctions with the northern end of Route 147, and the southern end of Route 217. It then enters Middletown", "id": "16691092" }, { "contents": "Interstate 91\n\n\nUS 5 begins at the first of its many interchanges with the freeway. Leaving New Haven, I-91 follows a northeastward trek into North Haven, where it meets the southern end of the Route 40 expressway. It travels through the eastern part of Wallingford before entering the eastern part of the city of Meriden. In Meriden, about halfway between Hartford and New Haven, I-91 sees a complex set of interchanges with the Wilbur Cross Parkway (Route 15), the Route 66 expressway, and its first spur route, I-691. I-691", "id": "8976770" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 15\n\n\nmore northeasterly in North Haven. Major junctions include the Milford Parkway (SR 796), a connector providing access to Interstate 95 and US 1 beginning just east of the Sikorsky Bridge; US 5 in Wallingford; and a complex set of interchanges in Meriden providing access to I-91, I-691, and the Route 66 expressway. The parkway ends about a mile north of I-691 as US 5 joins Route 15 and the road becomes a four-lane divided highway with signalized and at-grade intersections known as the Berlin Turnpike. After", "id": "14881517" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 66\n\n\nthe expressway from US 5 in Meriden to Middlefield (where the current expressway ends) opened to traffic. By 1968, the US 6A designation was removed and split into several routes. The section from I-84 in Southington to US 6 in Columbia was renumbered as Route 66, including the newly opened freeway segment. In 1971, another section of the Route 66 freeway opened from between Route 322 and US 5. In 1987, with the completion of the freeway connection to I-84, the section of Route 66 west of I-91 was", "id": "16691099" }, { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\naccess to Route 15 North for eastbound traffic. Exit 7 provides access to Downtown Meriden. Westbound traffic exits onto State Street Extension, while eastbound traffic enters onto Columbia Street. Exits 6 and 5 provide access to Route 71, as well as access to Westfield Meriden. Exit 6 exits to Lewis Avenue, while Exit 5 exits directly to Route 71. From here, I-691 passes along the north side of Hubbard Park as well as by Castle Craig before it crosses into Southington. It then meets the eastern end of Route 322", "id": "767381" }, { "contents": "Interstate 291 (Connecticut)\n\n\nInterstate 291 (I-291) is a short Interstate Highway in the state of Connecticut that starts at I-91 at its junction with Route 218 in Windsor and ends at I-84 in Manchester. It serves as a northeastern bypass of Hartford. The official length of I-291 is , including of the exit ramp to the merge with eastbound I-84. I-291 is also known as the Vietnam Veterans Memorial Highway for its entire length. I-291 begins at I-91 in Windsor at an interchange that also provides access to and from Route 218. Heading southeast, I-291", "id": "4834367" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 in Connecticut\n\n\ncity of Waterbury, where it intersects the Route 8 expressway and crosses the Naugatuck River on an elevated dual-decked viaduct known locally as The Mixmaster. After passing through Cheshire, I-84 intersects the western end of I-691 at the Cheshire–Southington town line, which is also the New Haven–Hartford county line. I-84 turns more northerly for a stretch to exit 31 (Route 229), which provides access to Lake Compounce Amusement Park and ESPN World Headquarters. The freeway heads more northeasterly to Plainville, where it has a", "id": "14727149" }, { "contents": "Interstate 384\n\n\nInterstate 384 (I-384) is an Interstate Highway located entirely within the state of Connecticut. It runs east to west, going from Interstate 84 in East Hartford to U.S. Route 6/U.S. Route 44 in Bolton. I-384 officially begins at I-84 eastbound Exit 59 at the East Hartford/Manchester town line, as the right 2 lanes of traffic split from the I-84 mainline. The highway can also be accessed from the I-84 eastbound HOV lane, and westbound I-384 traffic can also access the HOV lane on westbound I-84. Westbound I-84", "id": "10503364" }, { "contents": "Special routes of U.S. Route 6\n\n\n6A from Plymouth–Farmington, this became US 6A. This US 6A was subsequently extended through Meriden to Willimantic along modern Route 66. An expressway upgrade was planned for this US 6A. Only a portion of the highway was built and is now I-691. U.S. Route 6A (US 6A) between Coventry and Windham was designated when New England Interstate Route 3 (NE-3) was deleted. The route was swapped with the old US 6 in 1939 and finally deleted in 1942 when US 6A became Route 31. U.S. Route 6A (US", "id": "10795785" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 (Pennsylvania–Massachusetts)\n\n\nNew Milford. Route 6 leaves the interstate at the next exit, and I-84 continues east across the countryside. At Exit 11, it turns to the northeast and descends to cross the Housatonic River on the Rochambeau Bridge, into New Haven County. It then climbs onto higher ground to the city of Waterbury, which it passes on an elevated viaduct with the eastbound and westbound lanes on different levels. Here the CT 8 expressway intersects. The eastern heading continues past Waterbury to Milldale, where Interstate 691 splits off to the east", "id": "12185438" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 120\n\n\nRoute 120 is a state highway in Connecticut, running entirely in the town of Southington. It serves as a more direct connection between the town center of Southington and the city of Meriden. Route 120 begins at an intersection with Route 322 in southeastern Southington, just west of the Meriden city line and about from an interchange with I-691. It heads in a northwest direction, crossing Misery Brook about later, passing by the St. Thomas Cemetery, then intersecting with Route 364 after another . Route 120 ends at an intersection with Route", "id": "21983096" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 322\n\n\nmeets Route 10 at a grade separated intersection. It briefly crosses into Cheshire before crossing the Quinnipiac River and reentering southeastern Southington. It meets the southern end of Route 120 before ending at an interchange with I-691 near the Southington-Meriden town line. The road continues into Meriden as West Main Street. Route 322 was established in 1963, running from Route 69 to then US 6A (Meriden Road) in Wolcott. The year before becoming a signed route, Route 322 was taken over by the state and designated as unsigned SR", "id": "8420887" }, { "contents": "Interstate 91\n\n\n. As such, it is almost always heavily trafficked (especially during rush hour), and maintains at least three lanes in each direction through Connecticut except for a short portion in Hartford at the interchange with I-84 and in Meriden at the interchange with Route 15. The three cities also serve as Connecticut's control points along its length of the Interstate. I-91 begins just east of downtown New Haven at an interchange with I-95 (the Connecticut Turnpike), and Route 34. At the bottom of the ramp for exit 5,", "id": "8976769" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 66\n\n\nIt ran from the Milldale section of Southington, via Meriden and Middletown, to Willimantic. In the 1932 state highway renumbering, old Highway 111 was designated as part of Route 14, which extended from Woodbury to the Rhode Island state line. In 1941, the section of Route 14 from Woodbury to Willimantic was redesignated as US 6A, connecting at US 6 on both ends. In the early 1960s, plans for constructing a US 6A expressway between I-84 in Southington and Willimantic were announced. By 1966, a short portion of", "id": "16691098" }, { "contents": "Interstate 66\n\n\nfrom eastbound I-66 to the West Falls Church Metro station at the Leesburg Pike (Virginia State Route 7) interchange and will provide a new bridge for the W&OD Trail over Lee Highway (Virginia State Route 29). In Washington D.C., I-66 was planned to extend east of its current terminus along the North Leg of the Inner Loop freeway. I-66 would have also met the eastern terminus of a planned Interstate 266 at US 29, and the western terminus of the South Leg Freeway (I-695) at US 50; I-266 would", "id": "9038810" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 10\n\n\n. It then turns north onto Dixwell Avenue, and intersects the Wilbur Cross Parkway (Route 15) at Exit 60. In the center of Hamden, it turns onto Whitney Avenue. Proceeding northward, it encounters the northern end of the Route 40 freeway and the western end of Route 22 . In Cheshire, it meets the eastern end of Route 42, and has a brief triplex with Routes 68 and 70. At the north end of town is a junction with I-691 at Exit 3. It then enters Southington, where", "id": "16098035" }, { "contents": "Interstate 80 in Iowa\n\n\nthe east at the Jordan Creek Parkway exit. The highway adds a third lane eastbound and drops the third lane westbound. Almost to the east is the interchange with I-35, which also marks the beginning of I-235. Eastbound I-80 exits the freeway via a flyover ramp to northbound I-35; eastbound I-235 begins as the continuation of the I-80 freeway. Locally, this exit is called the West Mixmaster. I-80 shares the next with I-35 on a six-lane freeway where each direction's three lanes are separated by a Jersey barrier.", "id": "3837266" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 68\n\n\nto its junction with I-91 at Exit 15. After overpassing I-91 and passing a couple of business parks, Route 68 becomes a 2 lane road once again. It then enters Durham, where it passes the southern end of Route 157 before ending at Route 17 in the center of town. The road connecting Naugatuck and Cheshire was designated in 1922 as State Highway 325. In the 1932 state highway renumbering, former Highway 325 was renumbered to Route 68. The route was later extended east to Middlefield in 1966 along former SR 607", "id": "3645090" }, { "contents": "Interstate 480 (Nebraska–Iowa)\n\n\nLeavenworth neighborhood from the Old Market neighborhood. Shortly after the Leavenworth Street exit is the Harney Street exit, which provides access to U.S. Route 6 from eastbound I-480. before the North Freeway interchange, I-480 passes beneath Dodge and Douglas Streets, which are the westbound and eastbound lanes of U.S. 6, respectively. Just to the southwest of the Creighton University campus is the North Freeway interchange, where US 75 leaves eastbound I-480 and joins westbound. The North Freeway was originally planned to be an Interstate Highway, \"I-580\", connecting", "id": "10317788" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nExit 110 leading to the I-40 frontage road along the eastbound lanes, which suddenly becomes a divided highway named \"Route 66.\" The first intersection is a connecting road to the parts of the interchange with the eastbound on-ramp, as well as the frontage roads along the westbound lanes, leading to the western terminus of the business loop. Shortly after this is the barely paved Carson County Road BB. The divided highway ends just west of TX FM 295 and Carson County Road CC (Western Avenue), and gains", "id": "294168" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 in New York\n\n\n6 and 202 closely parallel I-84 to the north, between the freeway and one of the upper basins of East Branch Reservoir, part of New York City's water supply system. The northern terminus of NY 121 lets eastbound traffic on and westbound traffic off. Two miles (3.2 km) to the east, Signs appear for Saw Mill Road, exit 1 on Connecticut's stretch of I-84, and its ramps leave the highway just a hundred feet (30 m) before the state line. The route of I-84 through the", "id": "995373" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 34\n\n\nLegion Avenue, later becoming South Frontage Road (former Oak Street), while westbound Route 34 uses North Frontage Road. The eastbound section running along Legion Avenue and South Frontage Road (1.03 miles) is town-maintained. The corresponding westbound section along North Frontage Road is officially designated as State Road 706 but is signed as Route 34 West. Route 34 then continues along the Oak Street Connector, a six-lane freeway that connects to I-91 and I-95. The freeway portion has two westbound exits and three eastbound entrances,", "id": "5492586" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nfor BL-40, because south of this intersection is an approach to a westbound on-eastbound off wye interchange with I-40. Immediately after this intersection, BL-40 ends at an eastbound on-westbound off wye interchange with I-40. The Clinton business loop of Interstate 40 is the fourth business route of I-40 in Oklahoma, running from exit 65 to exit 69, although only part of the route runs along former US 66. The route begins at exit 65, which is an eastbound flyover with no re-entry, and a westbound", "id": "294183" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nand maintenance facility, and then leaves the frontage road at the on ramp to eastbound I-40, where it meets its terminus. The frontage roads along both sides of I-40 continue through three more interchanges before crossing the Texas-Oklahoma State Line. The Erick business loop of Interstate 40 is the first business route of I-40 in Oklahoma. It begins on exit 5 (Honeyfarm Drive) and runs south into North 1720th Road until that street ends at a four-lane divided highway known as East 1240th Road (former Route 66)", "id": "294176" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 542\n\n\nRoute 542 (also known as Ferguson Road) is a state road in northern Connecticut. It is contained inside the town of Vernon. It runs from Route 533 to Route 541. Route 542 begins at Route 543 (Tunnel Road) in the central portion of the town of Vernon. It then heads east for about before intersecting with exit 66 on Interstate 84 (I-84}. Only travelers on westbound I-84 can exit onto Route 542, and that travelers on Route 542 can only get onto westbound I-84. About from the", "id": "1160744" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 71\n\n\nas it intersects West Main Street. While southbound traffic may continue from West Main Street onto Cook Avenue, northbound traffic must turn right onto Hanover Street, then left onto South Grove Street, and left onto West Main Street to continue. Once reunited, Route 71 proceeds west on West Main Street before turning north onto Chamberlain Highway. It then crosses I-691 at Exit 5, with access to and from the west. It then crosses into Berlin, passing the eastern end of Route 364 before turning northeast as the Chamberlain Highway becomes", "id": "18857060" }, { "contents": "Interstate 91\n\n\nparallels the river, never more than from its shore. I-91 then enters the Hartford city limits. In Hartford, I-91 it has a set of interchanges with US 5/Route 15 (Wilbur Cross Highway), which provides access from I-91 north to I-84 east, and from I-84 west to I-91 south via the Charter Oak Bridge. I-91 then has an interchange with I-84, where all other movements to and from I-84 take place. Before leaving the city limits, an HOV lane begins that has its own set of interchanges", "id": "8976772" }, { "contents": "Interstate 210 (Louisiana)\n\n\nShip Channel. At the southeastern end of the bridge, the highway meets with exit 3, Prien Lake Road, eastbound. I-210 heads east through Lake Charles, turning 90 degrees at exit 8, LA 14/Gerstner Memorial Drive. The highway then heads north towards its eastern terminus with I-10 just east of Lake Charles. Though portions of the freeway run north-south, the entire route is signed east-west. All of I-210 is included as part of the National Highway System, a system of roadways important to", "id": "2671252" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 95 in California\n\n\nChemehuevi Mountains before entering the city of Needles after several miles. After passing the Needles Municipal Airport, US 95 merges onto I-40 westbound and continues through Needles on the freeway. US 95 exits from I-40 west of Needles and continues northwest to Searchlight Junction, where US 95 continues north at the junction with the old routing of US 66. The highway continues north, east of Homer Mountain, to the Nevada state line. US 95 is part of the California Freeway and Expressway System, and a small portion near I-10 and the", "id": "21402148" }, { "contents": "Interstate 66\n\n\nInterstate 66 (I-66) is an Interstate Highway in the eastern United States. As indicated by its even route number, it runs in an east–west direction. Its current western terminus is near Middletown, Virginia, at an interchange with I-81; its eastern terminus is in Washington, D.C., at an interchange with U.S. Route 29. Because of its terminus in the Shenandoah Valley, the highway was once called the \"Shenandoah Freeway.\" Much of the route parallels U.S. Route 29 or Virginia State Route 55. Interstate", "id": "9038774" }, { "contents": "Interstate 95 in Connecticut\n\n\nof around 150,000 throughout the entire length between the New York state line and the junction with I-91 in New Haven. The Turnpike intersects with several major expressways, namely US 7 at Exit 15 in Norwalk, Route 8 and Route 25 at Exit 27A in Bridgeport (quickest way to I-84 from southwest CT), the Merritt and Wilbur Cross Parkways at Exit 38 (via the Milford Parkway) in Milford, and Interstate 91 at Exit 48 in New Haven. North (east) of I-91, the Turnpike continues along the Connecticut", "id": "5620386" }, { "contents": "Missouri Route 96\n\n\nRoute 96 was redesignated as Route YY west of Route 171 when Kansas deleted the eastern part of K-96. Route 96 begins at a partial interchange with Interstate 44 (I-44) just west of Halltown (there is no access to westbound I-44 or from eastbound I-44). The highway is a two-lane road and is relatively straight all the way to Carthage. Approximately west of I-44 is the western terminus of Route 266. Approximately further west, Route 96 is joined by Historic Route 66. At Albatross, is an intersection", "id": "11824778" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nI-40, and the former segment of US 66 along the north side continues as one of the two I-40 frontage roads. The Amarillo business loop of Interstate 40 begins at I-40 exit 62A just west of Amarillo. The highway was formerly a business route for Route 66, being that highway's only bannered route in Texas. Bus. I-40 D is known locally as Amarillo Boulevard and is the longest buisness route of Interstate 40. Bus. I-40 D begins at Interstate 40 exit 62A just west of Amarillo near Cadillac Ranch. The", "id": "294164" }, { "contents": "Interstate 540 and North Carolina Highway 540\n\n\nto the Western Wake Freeway and future Southern and Eastern Wake Freeways. As of January 2013, the North Carolina state route traverses east–west from I-40, in Durham County to NC 55, in Holly Springs. Initially intended to be signed as an extension of the I-540 loop, the first section of the route bears mile markers and exit numbers for the complete Interstate loop, going from 66 to 69. In Mid-2012, this section of the beltway became part of the Triangle Expressway. No portion of I-540 is tolled.", "id": "6204061" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 229\n\n\nRoute 229 is a state highway in the western Greater Hartford area of the U.S. state of Connecticut. It runs north–south from Interstate 84 in Southington to U.S. Route 6 in Bristol. Along the way, it intersects Route 72 in the Forestville section of Bristol. Route 229 nominally begins at the end of the eastbound Exit 31 off-ramp of I-84 in western Southington, heading northward along West Street. State maintenance and the official southern end of Route 229 actually begins about south of the off-ramp. West Street", "id": "7429975" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nwhich focuses on the roads former status as Route 66. The commercial strip ends after a dirt road named North Tennessee Street. \"Route 66\" splits from East 12th Street at an intersection that's another connecting road to the eastbound off-ramp of Exit 164, the then runs over the overpass above I-40 to turn right at the frontage road along the westbound lanes leading to the western beginning of the business loop. Eastbound Business Interstate Route 40-J narrows down to a two-lane undivided highway before passing by a TxDOT construction", "id": "294175" }, { "contents": "Highway revolts in the United States\n\n\nInterstate 291 beltway west of Interstate 91, the proposed Interstate 484 expressway through the downtown, and the proposed Interstate 284 expressway between East Hartford and South Windsor, and Interstate 491 from Wethersfield to Manchester. After these freeways were cancelled, the State of Connecticut used the funds allocated for their construction to rebuild and expand existing freeways in the Greater Hartford area. In 1992 the Route 9 Expressway was extended north from I-91 in New Britain to Interstate 84 in Farmington, completing what would have been the southwest quadrant of the I-291 beltway;", "id": "256037" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 in Connecticut\n\n\nthe northern end of the Route 15 expressway, it inherits the Wilbur Cross Highway name for the rest of its length. From 1968 until 1984, the I-84 designation ended here, and the highway became I-86 for the rest of its length, as I-84 was once planned to be built east toward Providence, Rhode Island. I-84 intersects one of the remnants of the abandoned project, I-384, as part of a series of complex interchanges in Manchester including the end of the US 6 concurrency at exit 60, and a connection to", "id": "14727152" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nfrontage roads along the westbound lanes leading to the western beginning of the business loop, and an unorthodox roadside attraction known as the Leaning Tower of Texas. Business Interstate Route 40-F ends at the on ramp to eastbound I-40, as does the divided former US 66, which is converted back into the frontage road along the eastbound lanes of I-40. The McLean business loop of Interstate 40 runs from exit 141 to 143. Officially designated as Business Interstate 40-H by the Texas Department of Transportation, it begins at I-40 at an eastbound flyover", "id": "294170" }, { "contents": "Maryland Route 53\n\n\nstate highway then meets its northern terminus at an intersection with US 40 Alternate in La Vale. Access to westbound I-68 is provided a short distance to the east on US 40 Alternate. MD 53 is part of US 220 Truck, which provides access from Interstate 68 (I-68) west of La Vale to southbound US 220 for trucks due to a truck prohibition on the eastbound exit ramp for I-68's interchange with US 220. The state highway is part of the main National Highway System from US 220 to I-68; in addition", "id": "11898711" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 84\n\n\nend street at the truck stop along the aforementioned frontage road. Interstate 84 Business was a business loop of I-84 along in Morgan, Utah. It ran north along Utah State Route 66 at Exit 103 (State Street) to East 600th Street running along the north side of I-84 until the former westbound-off-ramp and eastbound on-ramp that was once westbound Exit 103 until the mid-1990s. Interstate 84 Business was a business loop of I-84 along in Henefer, Utah. It ran southeast along the southwest side of I-84", "id": "6061978" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 5 in Connecticut\n\n\nStreet becomes Broad Street after the intersection with Hall Avenue as it passes by the eastern part of the city, avoiding the downtown area. Past Olive Street, the road becomes divided with a wide grassy median. At the north end of the divided section, it has an intersection with East Main Street, the main east–west business route through the city. About north of East Main Street, US 5 has an interchange with I-691 (at exit 8). At the intersection with Brittania Street, the road becomes North Broad", "id": "5428414" }, { "contents": "Interstate 91\n\n\nthe river can also be easily accessed in this stretch. At exit 19 is the northern terminus of I-93, a major interstate highway in New England, which provides a direct route south through the White Mountains and to almost all major cities in New Hampshire. Just after exit 19, there are three exits for St. Johnsbury, including a major intersection with US 2. Along westbound US 2, the capital of Vermont, Montpelier, is eventually reached from I-91, although I-89 provides Montpelier with immediate Interstate access. I-91 continues northward", "id": "8976783" }, { "contents": "Massachusetts Turnpike\n\n\nand the seventh-longest gap between exits in the entire Interstate Highway System. The highest elevation on the turnpike exists in The Berkshires, reaching above sea level in Becket; this point is also the highest elevation on I-90 east of South Dakota. Beyond the peak elevation and between the exits, an eastbound runaway truck ramp exists in Russell. The turnpike has an interchange with I-91 and US 5 at exit 4 in West Springfield; it passes over the Connecticut River before reaching Route 33 at exit 5 and I-291 at exit 6", "id": "8595595" }, { "contents": "County Route 66 (California)\n\n\ncrossing paths with the freeway again at Fenner, before heading east on Goffs Road to the junction with US 95. Next, CR 66 cosigns along US 95 south to the junction with I-40, where both the US and county routes cosign with I-40 heading east towards Needles. CR 66 exits the freeway at River Road Cutoff, where it immediately turns onto National Trails Highway after exiting. The route follows National Trails Highway to its end on River Road, then begins its southeast journey into downtown Needles. After an interchange with I-40", "id": "21979064" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 (Pennsylvania–Massachusetts)\n\n\n. This section has many left-hand exits and entrances and sharp curves, which were built for a planned network of freeways. I-84 heads northeast towards New Britain and Hartford, the state capital and the largest community along its eastern length. After intersecting Interstate 91, the road crosses the Connecticut River on the Bulkeley Bridge, oldest on the Interstate system, then becomes the Wilbur Cross Highway and continues towards the northeast. The last exit in Connecticut is Exit 74, an exit for Route 171. I-84 crosses the Massachusetts border", "id": "12185439" }, { "contents": "Rhode Island Route 4\n\n\n. After exit 7, Route 4 continues northward as a six-lane expressway, passing farmlands to the west and entering a suburban region of East Greenwich. The highway crosses under an overpass at Middle Road before interchanging with Route 401, the freeway's final spur, at another partial cloverleaf interchange. Exit 8 is also used to access Route 2 and I-95 south, which has no direct freeway connection with Route 4 north. Shortly after exit 8, the Route 4 designation ends and the mainline of the highway defaults onto I-95", "id": "14737226" }, { "contents": "Cromwell, Connecticut\n\n\nis land and (4.03%) is water. A major north/south highway, Interstate 91, with two Cromwell exits, runs through the Town. The Central Connecticut Expressway (Route 9), opened at the end of 1989, enhances the Town's location as it connects I-95 in Old Saybrook, I-91 in Cromwell and I-84, the State's major east/west highway in New Britain. As of the census of 2010, there were 14,005 people, 5,212 households, and 3,262 families residing in the town.", "id": "17977773" }, { "contents": "Interstate 190 (South Dakota)\n\n\n16 westbound goes east on Omaha Street and eastbound runs north concurrently with I-190. I-190 then becomes a freeway, with an exit to North Street. I-190 then passes under Anamosa Street before an on-ramp from the northbound lanes of West Boulevard. Both US 16 and I-190 then terminate at a trumpet interchange with I-90/US 14/SD 79. Legally, the route of I-190 is defined at South Dakota Codified Laws § 31-4-203. I-190 was opened in 1962 to connect Rapid City to the recently completed", "id": "2672231" }, { "contents": "Interstate 210 and State Route 210 (California)\n\n\nfor the interchange between State Route 57 and the Foothill Freeway, Interstate 210. The \"curve\" portion refers to the interchange from the northbound lanes of State Route 57 to the westbound lanes of I-210, and from the eastbound lanes of I-210 to the southbound lanes of State Route 57. The origin of the name comes from its location in the city of Glendora. Prior to 2002, this interchange was entirely part of I-210, and the eastern terminus of I-210 ended several miles south of the curve at the Kellogg Interchange at", "id": "2671217" }, { "contents": "Interstate 78 in New Jersey\n\n\nEntering more commercial areas, Route 173 merges onto I-78/US 22 at exit 13. At exit 15, the highway interchanges with CR 513, and Route 173 splits from I-78/US 22 by heading north on CR 513. At this point, the freeway enters Franklin Township briefly at exit 15 and then enters Clinton where it crosses the South Branch Raritan River. I-78/US 22 turns northeast and leaves Clinton for Clinton Township, where it has an eastbound exit and westbound entrance for Route 173 that also provides access to", "id": "16353900" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 15\n\n\nlimits, the business route veers onto Center Street and follows that through the center of town. At the north end of the city, I-15 Bus. turns west and runs concurrently with US 30 to its northern end at I-15 Exit 47. Interstate 15 Business runs for exactly through Inkom in northern Bannock County. I-15 Bus. mostly follows Old Highway 91 between Exits 57 and 58, a pair of partial interchanges. Interstate 15 Business spans through Pocatello in northern Bannock County. I-15 Bus. begins at I-15 Exit 67, where", "id": "15434019" }, { "contents": "Interstate 10 in California\n\n\nI-10 down Interstate 5 between the East LA Interchange and the Santa Monica Freeway, negating a section of the San Bernardino Freeway west of I-5. This short section of Route 10 between Route 5 and Route 101, which was formerly defined as Route 110 (signed as Interstate 110) until 1968, is signed overhead for I-10 eastbound and for U.S. 101 westbound. This I-5/I-10 cosigning is consistent with the Federal Highway Administration's Interstate Highway route logs that such an overlap exists for the segment of I-10 in California. I-10 is", "id": "10298840" }, { "contents": "Nevada State Route 425\n\n\ncenter of Verdi, then southeast to its terminus at the I-80 East Verdi interchange (Exit 5). Although designated a state route and an Interstate business route, there are no route shields posted along the highway itself. The I-80 business route extends beyond the end of SR 425. From the highway's western terminus, I-80 Business follows Gold Ranch Road an additional south to end at an I-80 westbound onramp. The highway originally carried State Route 1 and later U.S. Route 40 on its trek west from Reno over Donner Pass towards", "id": "5840323" }, { "contents": "Interstate 516\n\n\ncurrent western terminus of I-516. In 1985, the entire highway from its then-current western terminus at Burnsed Blvd to Montgomery Street was designated as I-516. The freeway portion was extended westward to the interchange with SR 25 (Burnsed Blvd) and eastward to the current eastern terminus. Also US 17/SR 25 and US 80/SR 26 were re-routed along the freeway, from the West Bay Street exit to the Ogeechee Road exit. In 1995, US 17 had a major re-routing through the city", "id": "10860994" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 15\n\n\nState Route 28. Interstate 15 Business is a Business loop of Interstate 15 in Bringham City, and is also concurrent with Business Loop 84. It runs from an interchange at Exit 362 on I-15/84 at first along U.S. Route 91 to the intersection with U.S. Route 89 and UT 13. US 91 continues east along US 89, while BL 15/84 turns left to go north along UT 13 (South Main Street). Further in town, the road serves as the west end of Utah State Route 90. At Forest Street,", "id": "15434015" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 95 in Nevada\n\n\nthe Henderson Spaghetti Bowl (also known as the Hender-Bender) interchange of Interstate 215 and SR 564 and Interstate 515 begins. The freeway then heads west into Downtown Las Vegas, where it intersects Interstate 15. At the Spaghetti Bowl interchange, US 93 follows I-15 northbound and I-515 ends. US 95 heads west, then north at the Rainbow Curve. The freeway portion then ends at Corn Creek Road northwest of the Las Vegas Valley and then it becomes a brief four-lane divided highway. US 95 exits Clark County", "id": "7359006" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 15\n\n\nwhen it turns east onto Alameda Road, which becomes Pocatello Creek Road when it veers northeast to the business route's terminus at I-15 Exit 71. Interstate 15 Business has a length of through Blackfoot in central Bingham County. I-15 Bus. begins at I-15 Exit 89 near the northern end of the Fort Hall Indian Reservation and follows US 91 northeast parallel to the Union Pacific Railroad. The highways cross the Blackfoot River into the city of Blackfoot along Broadway Street. In downtown Blackfoot, the routes veer onto Main Street, then I-15", "id": "15434021" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 50 in Maryland\n\n\neastbound exit. Following this interchange, US 50 passes office parks and industrial development in New Carrollton. The highway reaches a hybrid turbine interchange with I-95/I-495, the Capital Beltway. At the I-95/I-495 interchange, the US 50 freeway becomes part of the Interstate Highway System as I-595, which is an unsigned highway. The road heads east as an ten-lane freeway, with the left lane in each direction designated as a high-occupancy vehicle lane (HOV lane). The freeway passes near residential development and", "id": "21110676" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nloop of Interstate 40 is the third business route of I-40 in Oklahoma. It runs northeast along former US 66 from eastbound exit 32 and turns east after the beginning of an overlap with OK 6 that runs along the route until OK 6 turns south at North Main Street. From there it snakes through the northeastern part of the city and after the intersection with OK 34 finally terminates with I-40 at westbound exit 41. The route begins at a left exit in a wye interchange with Interstate 40, which also serves as a connection", "id": "294180" }, { "contents": "Iowa Highway 330\n\n\nused as a connector between Des Moines and the Waterloo–Cedar Falls area. Iowa 330 begins at an interchange with Interstate 80 (I-80), U.S. Route 6 (US 6), and US 65 in Altoona. The I-80 freeway runs east–west; US 6 comes up from the southwest along Hubbell Avenue and joins eastbound I-80 while US 65 exits eastbound I-80 and turns onto Hubbell heading northeast. For the first of its routing, Iowa 330 shares the same roadway with US 65. The two routes head northeast on", "id": "10381823" }, { "contents": "Interstate 180 (Pennsylvania)\n\n\nat an interchange with U.S. Route 15 and U.S. Route 220. The highway begins its signage, concurrent along these routes. At exit 27A, US 15 leaves the overlap running south across the Carl E. Stotz Memorial Little League Bridge and I-180 continues eastward, still concurrent with US 220 northbound. From there, I-180 runs along the West Branch Susquehanna River until the highway reaches the eastern suburbs of Williamsport, where US 220 leaves the Interstate via exit 15. From US 220 to the eastern terminus, I-180 is aligned north–south", "id": "4494305" }, { "contents": "Interstate 76 (Ohio–New Jersey)\n\n\nJersey. After I-76 reaches its eastern terminus, the freeway continues as Route 42 and the Atlantic City Expressway to Atlantic City. I-76 begins at I-71 at exit 209, east of Lodi, Ohio; U.S. Route 224 (US 224) continues west from the end of I-76. The interchange was previously a double trumpet, but was reconstructed in 2010. Officially, I-76 begins at the beginning of the ramp from I-71 north; it merges with US 224 at mile 0.61. After passing through rural Medina County, I-76 enters Summit", "id": "12185505" }, { "contents": "Interstate 215 (Utah)\n\n\ninterchange features a grade-separated ramp from northbound 2000 East to eastbound I-215. Past this junction, another interchange at Union Park Avenue appears. Another grade-separated ramp from Union Park Avenue is present. The freeway enters Murray as an interchange serving westbound motorists connects to 280 East and State Street (U.S. Route 89, or US-89). Eastbound travelers connect to State Street further west at a separate exit. The road turns northwest for a short time to approach a junction at I-15 (often called the South Interchange).", "id": "9551591" }, { "contents": "List of state routes in Connecticut\n\n\n. Routes are signed state highways and are assigned numbers from 1 to 399 (with the exception of I-684 and I-691). All state, U.S. and Interstate highways are part of the same numbering system. In 1926, the U.S. highway system was implemented. U.S. Routes 1, 5, 6, and 7 were used as designations on several primary state highways, replacing New England routes 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. The other New England routes that were not re-designated as U.S. routes became ordinary", "id": "5492536" }, { "contents": "Interstate 291 (Massachusetts)\n\n\ndirectly through highly populated areas of Springfield, and passes under several overpasses. From its southwestern terminus to exit 5A, Interstate 291 is concurrent with U.S. Route 20. I-291 is only from Interstate 291 in Connecticut, and there are no intervening Interstate Highway interchanges between them. It can be easy for travelers to become confused between the two highways. Interstate 291 begins as a spur of Interstate 91 at Exit 8 in Springfield, concurrent with U.S. 20, which merges from the north. The two entry ramps from I-91 merge with each", "id": "1778230" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 15\n\n\nprovides access to the end of the Sprinter commuter train line. Shortly thereafter, I-15 Business intersects County Route S14, and then interchanges with State Route 78. The interchange is the last interchange on the 78 before its freeway status ends, and there are only ramps for a westbound entrance or eastbound exit. Continuing north, I-15 Business intersects with El Norte Parkway, a major arterial road, before reconnecting with Interstate 15 at I-15 exit 34 near the northern city limits of Escondido. Though the street itself continues northward well on into", "id": "15434009" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 9\n\n\nSaybrook to I-91 in Cromwell is known as the \"Chester Bowles Highway\". The section from I-91 in Cromwell to Exit 24 in Berlin is known as the \"Korean War Veterans Memorial Highway\". The section from Route 72 in New Britain to Route 175 in Newington is known as the \"Taras Shevchenko Expressway\". The section from Route 175 in Newington to the junction with I-84 is known as the \"Iwo Jima Memorial Expressway\". The road connecting Deep River (then known as Saybrook) and Wethersfield along the west", "id": "15881247" }, { "contents": "Colorado State Highway 74\n\n\nthe Evergreen Parkway segment to four lanes and constructing an interchange with I-70. SH 74 begins at an interchange with I-70 in El Rancho. Ramps from I-70 westbound branch off the freeway's exit 252 from the north side and cross the highway southwestward. Access to SH 74 from I-70 eastbound is provided via U.S. Highway 40 (US 40) a slight distance to the west. From I-70, the roadway heads southwesterly through El Rancho, meeting an intersection with US 40 (Swede Gulch Road). The route heads westward before turning", "id": "12873578" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 84\n\n\nsoutheast corner of that intersection, and the contemporary but still traditional Brigham City Utah Temple on the southwest corner. UT 13 ends at the southern terminus of the overlap of US 89/91, and BL-15/84 makes a sharp right turn along southbound US 91, while South Main Street is taken over by southbound US 89. US 91/BL-15/84 runs west along West 1100th Street South. BL-15/84 ends at Exit 362, a diverging diamond interchange with I-15/84, while West 1100th Street South continues into the I-15 frontage road, and becomes a dead", "id": "6061977" }, { "contents": "Interstate 384\n\n\naccess to I-384 is provided through a complex interchange that also provides access from Pleasant Valley Road near Buckland Hills Mall and from I-291. I-384's first exit is for Spencer Street. The eastbound ramp is on the I-384 mainline, while the westbound ramp comes from a split in the I-84 interchange ramp. Just east of the Spencer Street overpass, the ramp from westbound I-84 joins the I-384 mainline and the HOV lane becomes a conventional lane. I-384 continues along the southern part of Manchester. It has one interchange before it intersects Route", "id": "10503365" }, { "contents": "Interstate 78 in New Jersey\n\n\ninto Springfield Township. The freeway passes near First Watchung Mountain before coming to the Route 24 interchange, where suburban development becomes more dense. At Route 24, I-78 divides into local and express lanes, with three express and three local lanes eastbound and two express and three local lanes westbound. In this section of the highway, most access is via the local lanes, though the next exit for Route 124 includes a direct westbound onramp to the express lanes. Before Route 124, I-78 briefly runs east through Millburn in Essex County", "id": "16353906" }, { "contents": "California State Route 237\n\n\n85. Westbound traffic can connect to Route 85 southbound, but the eastbound traffic connection to Route 85 northbound is labeled as an exit for U.S. 101. Route 237 intersects with Highway 101 at the southern corner of Moffett Field. After this intersection, a carpool lane is added, for a total of three lanes in either direction. It remains like this until the east end of the freeway at Interstate 880, where most eastbound traffic is directed to northbound I-880. The route then becomes a city street (an arterial road)", "id": "9003349" }, { "contents": "Massachusetts Route 141\n\n\nas Easthampton Road, crossing roads south of Mount Tom. Crossing through the Rock Valley section of Holyoke, the highway passes south of the Whiting Reservoir and Wyckoff Country Club, entering the Smiths Valley section. Through Smiths Valley, Route 141 runs southeast through a residential neighborhood, reaching a ramp to Interstate 91 southbound (I-91 exit 17). After another turn, the route crosses into a trumpet interchange with I-91 northbound, becoming a one-way couplet through downtown Holyoke. Route 141 eastbound runs along Dwight Street while Route 141", "id": "2532205" }, { "contents": "Interstate 295 (Delaware–Pennsylvania)\n\n\nof Penndel. Following this interchange, the freeway runs south-southeast near suburban residential areas as it heads west of Levittown. I-295 enters Bristol Township and terminates at an interchange with I-95 at I-276 (Pennsylvania Turnpike). At this interchange, I-295 merges into southbound I-95, with access from westbound I-295 to southbound I-95 and from northbound I-95 to eastbound I-295; there are no ramps connecting I-295 and the Pennsylvania Turnpike. In the 1927 New Jersey state highway renumbering, Route 39 was legislated to begin at the Yardley–Wilburtha Bridge", "id": "9627779" }, { "contents": "James River Freeway\n\n\n. The portion of the James River Freeway between I-44 and the interchange with US 60 and Route 413 is designated as Route 360. Other than its endpoints, there is only one interchange on the route: Route MM in Brookline (now part of Republic). Exit markers for the highway mark the road as the James River Freeway and have no control cities, only \"To Route 60\" eastbound and \"To I-44\" westbound. The control cities between US 60 and US 65 are Republic westbound and Rogersville eastbound. At", "id": "6615288" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 6 in Rhode Island\n\n\nturns south on the I-295 collector/distributor roads to the west end of that freeway. The south interchange of US 6 and I-295 has numerous ramp stubs once intended for a western continuation of the Roberts Expressway as Interstate 84. The six-lane Roberts Expressway has interchanges with Route 5, U.S. Route 6A, Route 128, and US 6A again on its way to Olneyville. It crosses from Johnston into Providence just west of the bridge over Route 128. At the second US 6A interchange, the older Olneyville Bypass begins,", "id": "21794194" }, { "contents": "Flatbush Avenue Connector\n\n\nstate proposed the corridor as the Cedar Ridge Connector with no number, leading from its current terminus at I-84 to U.S. 5/Route 15 in Wethersfield. The short expressway planned to include an interchange with a planned but cancelled Route 71 expressway leading to New Britain. Circa 2015, the viaduct carrying the northbound ramp to Eastbound I-84 was removed, and a new alignment adjacent to the southbound off ramp from Westbound I-84 was built. Exit 45 is currently an incomplete interchange, with ramps only for I-84 westbound to SR 504 (left", "id": "5839909" }, { "contents": "Interstate 195 (New Jersey)\n\n\ndesignation west and south, along existing I-95 instead. I-195's western terminus is at a modified cloverleaf interchange with I-295 in Hamilton Township, Mercer County, located southeast of the city of Trenton. From this end, the freeway continues north into Trenton as Route 29. I-195 serves as the southern continuation of Route 29, continuing east from I-295 as a six-lane expressway, passing between suburban neighborhoods to the north and the Crosswicks Creek to the south. After the exit for US 206, the highway narrows to four lanes", "id": "14760197" }, { "contents": "Massachusetts Route 25\n\n\nRoute 25 west mainline onto Route 495 north, with the right-hand lane serving I-195 via Exit 1. From I-195, Route 25 east is accessible via Exit 22A; I-195 terminates at the interchange. Interstate 495 also terminates at its junction with Route 25; the two southbound lanes of I-495 default onto Route 25 east. After the interchange with I-195 and I-495, Route 25 begins to head in a southeastern direction into the town of Wareham as a six-lane freeway. The route passes under Tihonet Road and through Maple", "id": "18239659" }, { "contents": "California State Route 56\n\n\ncompleted in 1995 after several lawsuits filed by the Sierra Club and other community groups. The two ends were not connected until the middle portion of the freeway was completed in 2004. The delay was largely due to funding issues and environmental concerns. Eastbound SR 56 begins as a ramp from the northbound I-5's local bypass lanes. The interchange is not complete; southbound I-5 traffic must exit to Carmel Valley Road before entering SR 56. Westbound traffic on SR 56 merges into the southbound I-5 local bypass lanes, which provide access to", "id": "2729277" }, { "contents": "Utah State Route 161\n\n\nState Route 161 (SR-161) is a long state highway, designated as a rural major connector, completely within Millard County in central Utah. The highway connects Interstate 70 (I-70) to I-15 while providing service to historic Cove Fort. The route was once part of U.S. Route 91 (US-91), but was renumbered to SR-161 in the 1970s, in parallel with the construction of I-70. Located entirely in southeastern Millard County, SR-161 starts at a diamond interchange with the westernmost exit on I-70 before it terminates at I-15.", "id": "14472451" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 in Connecticut\n\n\nbrief concurrency with Route 72 to the New Britain city line. From the Route 72 junction through Farmington, West Hartford, and into Hartford, I-84 has many left-hand exits and entrances and sharp curves, which were built for a planned network of freeways. In Farmington, US 6 joins I-84 once again at exit 38, and both meet the northern end of the Route 9 expressway at a half-used multi-level stack interchange that was originally planned to be part of the mostly-cancelled I-291 Hartford Beltway.", "id": "14727150" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 40\n\n\nan interchange. Route 40 begins from northbound I-91 in North Haven as the Exit 10 off-ramp. The designation runs for along the exit ramp. The expressway then proceeds northwest and is joined by on-ramps from Bailey Road and southbound I-91. The I-91 interchange includes an overpass over the Quinnipiac River and railroad tracks. About past the I-91 interchange, the road crosses over another set of railroad tracks, then has an interchange with U.S. Route 5. Access to and from US 5 is via Dixwell Avenue (SR 717", "id": "15644232" }, { "contents": "Interstate 695 (District of Columbia)\n\n\nsome remaining \"To I-395\" signage can still be found along I-695 westbound. The new signs designate I-695 as extending from the point where I-395 branches off from the Southeast Freeway, with I-695 continuing along the Southeast Freeway and over the new 11th Street Bridge to the interchange with I-295. However, some commentators contend the new signage is confusing and that the Southeast Freeway is often confused with Baltimore's Beltway, a highway with the same route designation. The entire route is in Washington, D.C. Exits were unnumbered until July 2014.", "id": "13815020" }, { "contents": "California State Route 91\n\n\nState Route 91 (SR 91) is a major east–west state highway in the U.S. state of California that serves several regions of the Greater Los Angeles urban area. A freeway throughout its entire length, it officially runs from Vermont Avenue in Gardena, just west of the junction with the Harbor Freeway (Interstate 110, I-110), east to Riverside at the junction with the Pomona (SR 60 west of SR 91) and Moreno Valley (SR 60 and I-215 east of SR 91) freeways. Though signs along", "id": "4945631" }, { "contents": "Tennessee State Route 182\n\n\nState Route 182 (abbreviated SR 182) is a secondary state highway in western Dyer County, Tennessee. This route is primarily rural in nature throughout its length. The first of SR 182 from its southern terminus with SR 104 to Interstate 155 is a modern two-lane facility with a speed limit. I-155 ended at Exit 7 during the 1970s and this section of SR 182 also served as a temporary link to SR 104 for eastbound motorists until the freeway was completed to Exit 15. SR 182 north of I-155 to its", "id": "12693771" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 4 in New Hampshire\n\n\nI-93 southbound, and runs along the freeway until Exit 15E in Concord. At this interchange, US-4 leaves I-93 and joins Interstate 393 and U.S. Route 202 which run eastbound out of the city. The two U.S. routes overlap I-393 to its terminus in the northern corner of Pembroke. I-393 then ends, and US-4/US-202 merge onto Route 9 eastbound through Chichester and into Epsom. The road crosses Route 28 at the Epsom Traffic Circle, then continues east and intersects Route 107, forming a long four-route concurrency into Northwood", "id": "19470164" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 9\n\n\nriver, it passes through the towns of Essex, Deep River, Chester, Haddam, and Middletown). After its junction with Interstate 91 in Cromwell, Route 9 continues westward then northward, running through the Hartford area towns/cities of Berlin, New Britain, Newington, and Farmington. At the junction with I-84/US 6 near the Farmington - West Hartford town line, Route 9 follows the ramps for eastbound I-84 and ends at the merge with I-84 immediately after crossing the town line. Route 9 has a non", "id": "15881245" }, { "contents": "Maryland Route 32\n\n\nCSX line) and several industrial parks in Annapolis Junction. MD 32 continues northwest into Savage, where the highway has a cloverleaf interchange with US 1 (Washington Boulevard) that includes collector-distributor lanes in both directions. North of Savage, the freeway has a partial cloverleaf interchange with I-95 that has a pair of left-exiting ramps from westbound MD 32 to southbound I-95 and from eastbound MD 32 to northbound I-95; because of these left exits, I-95 is configured differently in that its southbound lanes pass under MD 32 and", "id": "8470347" }, { "contents": "Interstate 95 in Massachusetts\n\n\nto eight lanes. Then the highway passes through Newton, then enters Weston and has a large interchange with the Massachusetts Turnpike (I-90) that provides connections to nearby Route 30. There is a fourth lane after the interchange with Route 9. Exits 23, 24, and 25 are one combined exit northbound. I-95 and Route 128 are due west of Boston at this point and begin to turn to the northeast, serving the city of Waltham and the town of Lexington along the way. The freeway has an interchange with Route", "id": "18993893" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 372\n\n\nthe Mattabesset River, intersecting I-91 at Exit 21. It then widens to 4 lanes, and intersects the northern end of Route 217. Farther east, it crosses Route 3 before meeting Route 9 once again at Exit 19. It then turns southeast to at an intersection with Route 99 at the Cromwell town center. Route 72 was established in the 1932 state highway renumbering between Route 66 in Middletown and Route 10 Plainville. By the beginning of 1963, after the implementation of the 1962 Route Reclassification Act, Route 72 was extended", "id": "8495485" }, { "contents": "Interstate 664\n\n\nhas a connection to Portsmouth through Virginia State Route 164 (SR 164) and to Suffolk via U.S. Route 13, US 58, and US 460. I-664 begins at a full Y interchange with I-64 and I-264 that serves as the terminus of all three Interstates in the Bowers Hill section of the city of Chesapeake. I-64 heads southeast as a continuation of the Hampton Roads Beltway through Chesapeake while I-264 heads east toward Portsmouth and Norfolk. I-664 heads west as an eight-lane freeway that has a southbound-only exit ramp to", "id": "13145352" }, { "contents": "Virginia State Route 194\n\n\ncloverleaf interchange with I-64 (Hampton Roads Beltway) that only contains ramps in the northeast and southwest quadrants of the interchange. Northbound SR 194 has an exit ramp to and an entrance ramp from westbound I-64. Southbound SR 194 has an exit ramp to and an entrance ramp from eastbound I-64. The missing connections with I-64 are made via SR 247 to the south and SR 165 (Little Creek Road) to the north of the Interstate. North of SR 165, SR 194 becomes a four-lane divided highway north to its", "id": "19152409" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nalphabetic values to allow for future system expansion. The alphabetic naming suffixes are included as small letters on the bottom of reassurance shields. The Glenrio business spur of Interstate 40 begins at I-40 on exit 0 just east of the New Mexico-Texas state line. The highway runs south from the interchange towards Former route 66, then turns west along that decommissioned route where it terminates at the Texas-New Mexico State Line. The Adrian business loop of Interstate 40 begins at I-40 at exit 22 and runs along Former route 66 to", "id": "294158" }, { "contents": "Vermont Route 103\n\n\nand slightly better road across the Green Mountains to Rutland, it is a direct east–west road intersecting Interstate 91 significantly north of the diagonal 103. Numerous proposals to widen 103 into a two-lane freeway or similar limited-access roadway have failed, even though a substantial power company right of way shadows the road for much of its length. VT 103 begins at U.S. Route 5 in Rockingham just east of Interstate 91 and just north of Bellows Falls. From there, it interchanges with I-91 at exit 6 and proceeds", "id": "13506058" } ]

[ { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\nInterstate 691 (I-691) is a portion of the Interstate Highway System in Connecticut beginning at Interstate 91 in Meriden and ending at Interstate 84 near the Cheshire-Southington town line. It is in length, including of the exit ramp to the merge with westbound I-84. I-691 is also known as the Henry D. Altobello Highway for its entire length. I-691 is the main east–west highway of the city of Meriden. The freeway actually begins in Middlefield as Route 66, technically becoming I-691 at the junction with I-91 (Exit", "id": "767379" }, { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\n11). However, westbound signage indicates I-691 begins at the start of the freeway (just west of Exit 13), while eastbound signage shows I-691 ending at the Route 15 interchange (at eastbound Exit 10 about west of the interchange with I-91). To go from I-91 northbound to I-691 westbound (or from I-691 eastbound to I-91 southbound), one must actually use Route 15. Exit 9 westbound provides access to Route 15 North. West of the I-91/Route 15 interchange, I-691 meets US 5, which provides", "id": "767380" }, { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\n66. The highway was extended west to Exit 4 by 1971. The connection to I-84 was eventually completed in 1987, with the renumbering to I-691 done at the same time. The portion east of I-91 remained as Route 66. Environmental and community groups successfully blocked attempts to extend the freeway east of its present terminus due to potential impacts on the Mt. Higby Reservoir, which provides drinking water for the local area. A compromise was reached in the late 1990s allowing CONNDOT to convert Route 66 from a 2-lane road to 4 lanes", "id": "767383" }, { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\nat Exit 4. It then crosses the Quinnipiac River into Cheshire, where it has an interchange with Route 10, then continues west to end at I-84 at the Southington/Cheshire town line. The highway officially ends as it merges into I-84 West. In the 1940s, the I-691 routing was part of a planned US 6A Expressway from Southington to Willimantic. A section of the expressway (from its Middlefield terminus west to Exit 8) first opened in 1966. By 1968, the US 6A designation was dropped in favor of Route", "id": "767382" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 66\n\n\nRoute 66 is a Connecticut state highway running from Meriden to Windham, serving as an alternate east–west route to US 6 through east-central Connecticut. Route 66 officially begins at I-91 in Meriden as the extension of I-691, which officially ends at its interchange with I-91. This freeway portion runs for about into the town of Middlefield, where it becomes a four lane surface road. In Middlefield, it has junctions with the northern end of Route 147, and the southern end of Route 217. It then enters Middletown", "id": "16691092" }, { "contents": "Interstate 91\n\n\nUS 5 begins at the first of its many interchanges with the freeway. Leaving New Haven, I-91 follows a northeastward trek into North Haven, where it meets the southern end of the Route 40 expressway. It travels through the eastern part of Wallingford before entering the eastern part of the city of Meriden. In Meriden, about halfway between Hartford and New Haven, I-91 sees a complex set of interchanges with the Wilbur Cross Parkway (Route 15), the Route 66 expressway, and its first spur route, I-691. I-691", "id": "8976770" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 15\n\n\nmore northeasterly in North Haven. Major junctions include the Milford Parkway (SR 796), a connector providing access to Interstate 95 and US 1 beginning just east of the Sikorsky Bridge; US 5 in Wallingford; and a complex set of interchanges in Meriden providing access to I-91, I-691, and the Route 66 expressway. The parkway ends about a mile north of I-691 as US 5 joins Route 15 and the road becomes a four-lane divided highway with signalized and at-grade intersections known as the Berlin Turnpike. After", "id": "14881517" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 66\n\n\nthe expressway from US 5 in Meriden to Middlefield (where the current expressway ends) opened to traffic. By 1968, the US 6A designation was removed and split into several routes. The section from I-84 in Southington to US 6 in Columbia was renumbered as Route 66, including the newly opened freeway segment. In 1971, another section of the Route 66 freeway opened from between Route 322 and US 5. In 1987, with the completion of the freeway connection to I-84, the section of Route 66 west of I-91 was", "id": "16691099" }, { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\naccess to Route 15 North for eastbound traffic. Exit 7 provides access to Downtown Meriden. Westbound traffic exits onto State Street Extension, while eastbound traffic enters onto Columbia Street. Exits 6 and 5 provide access to Route 71, as well as access to Westfield Meriden. Exit 6 exits to Lewis Avenue, while Exit 5 exits directly to Route 71. From here, I-691 passes along the north side of Hubbard Park as well as by Castle Craig before it crosses into Southington. It then meets the eastern end of Route 322", "id": "767381" }, { "contents": "Interstate 291 (Connecticut)\n\n\nInterstate 291 (I-291) is a short Interstate Highway in the state of Connecticut that starts at I-91 at its junction with Route 218 in Windsor and ends at I-84 in Manchester. It serves as a northeastern bypass of Hartford. The official length of I-291 is , including of the exit ramp to the merge with eastbound I-84. I-291 is also known as the Vietnam Veterans Memorial Highway for its entire length. I-291 begins at I-91 in Windsor at an interchange that also provides access to and from Route 218. Heading southeast, I-291", "id": "4834367" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 in Connecticut\n\n\ncity of Waterbury, where it intersects the Route 8 expressway and crosses the Naugatuck River on an elevated dual-decked viaduct known locally as The Mixmaster. After passing through Cheshire, I-84 intersects the western end of I-691 at the Cheshire–Southington town line, which is also the New Haven–Hartford county line. I-84 turns more northerly for a stretch to exit 31 (Route 229), which provides access to Lake Compounce Amusement Park and ESPN World Headquarters. The freeway heads more northeasterly to Plainville, where it has a", "id": "14727149" }, { "contents": "Interstate 384\n\n\nInterstate 384 (I-384) is an Interstate Highway located entirely within the state of Connecticut. It runs east to west, going from Interstate 84 in East Hartford to U.S. Route 6/U.S. Route 44 in Bolton. I-384 officially begins at I-84 eastbound Exit 59 at the East Hartford/Manchester town line, as the right 2 lanes of traffic split from the I-84 mainline. The highway can also be accessed from the I-84 eastbound HOV lane, and westbound I-384 traffic can also access the HOV lane on westbound I-84. Westbound I-84", "id": "10503364" }, { "contents": "Special routes of U.S. Route 6\n\n\n6A from Plymouth–Farmington, this became US 6A. This US 6A was subsequently extended through Meriden to Willimantic along modern Route 66. An expressway upgrade was planned for this US 6A. Only a portion of the highway was built and is now I-691. U.S. Route 6A (US 6A) between Coventry and Windham was designated when New England Interstate Route 3 (NE-3) was deleted. The route was swapped with the old US 6 in 1939 and finally deleted in 1942 when US 6A became Route 31. U.S. Route 6A (US", "id": "10795785" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 (Pennsylvania–Massachusetts)\n\n\nNew Milford. Route 6 leaves the interstate at the next exit, and I-84 continues east across the countryside. At Exit 11, it turns to the northeast and descends to cross the Housatonic River on the Rochambeau Bridge, into New Haven County. It then climbs onto higher ground to the city of Waterbury, which it passes on an elevated viaduct with the eastbound and westbound lanes on different levels. Here the CT 8 expressway intersects. The eastern heading continues past Waterbury to Milldale, where Interstate 691 splits off to the east", "id": "12185438" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 120\n\n\nRoute 120 is a state highway in Connecticut, running entirely in the town of Southington. It serves as a more direct connection between the town center of Southington and the city of Meriden. Route 120 begins at an intersection with Route 322 in southeastern Southington, just west of the Meriden city line and about from an interchange with I-691. It heads in a northwest direction, crossing Misery Brook about later, passing by the St. Thomas Cemetery, then intersecting with Route 364 after another . Route 120 ends at an intersection with Route", "id": "21983096" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 322\n\n\nmeets Route 10 at a grade separated intersection. It briefly crosses into Cheshire before crossing the Quinnipiac River and reentering southeastern Southington. It meets the southern end of Route 120 before ending at an interchange with I-691 near the Southington-Meriden town line. The road continues into Meriden as West Main Street. Route 322 was established in 1963, running from Route 69 to then US 6A (Meriden Road) in Wolcott. The year before becoming a signed route, Route 322 was taken over by the state and designated as unsigned SR", "id": "8420887" }, { "contents": "Interstate 91\n\n\n. As such, it is almost always heavily trafficked (especially during rush hour), and maintains at least three lanes in each direction through Connecticut except for a short portion in Hartford at the interchange with I-84 and in Meriden at the interchange with Route 15. The three cities also serve as Connecticut's control points along its length of the Interstate. I-91 begins just east of downtown New Haven at an interchange with I-95 (the Connecticut Turnpike), and Route 34. At the bottom of the ramp for exit 5,", "id": "8976769" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 66\n\n\nIt ran from the Milldale section of Southington, via Meriden and Middletown, to Willimantic. In the 1932 state highway renumbering, old Highway 111 was designated as part of Route 14, which extended from Woodbury to the Rhode Island state line. In 1941, the section of Route 14 from Woodbury to Willimantic was redesignated as US 6A, connecting at US 6 on both ends. In the early 1960s, plans for constructing a US 6A expressway between I-84 in Southington and Willimantic were announced. By 1966, a short portion of", "id": "16691098" }, { "contents": "Interstate 66\n\n\nfrom eastbound I-66 to the West Falls Church Metro station at the Leesburg Pike (Virginia State Route 7) interchange and will provide a new bridge for the W&OD Trail over Lee Highway (Virginia State Route 29). In Washington D.C., I-66 was planned to extend east of its current terminus along the North Leg of the Inner Loop freeway. I-66 would have also met the eastern terminus of a planned Interstate 266 at US 29, and the western terminus of the South Leg Freeway (I-695) at US 50; I-266 would", "id": "9038810" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 10\n\n\n. It then turns north onto Dixwell Avenue, and intersects the Wilbur Cross Parkway (Route 15) at Exit 60. In the center of Hamden, it turns onto Whitney Avenue. Proceeding northward, it encounters the northern end of the Route 40 freeway and the western end of Route 22 . In Cheshire, it meets the eastern end of Route 42, and has a brief triplex with Routes 68 and 70. At the north end of town is a junction with I-691 at Exit 3. It then enters Southington, where", "id": "16098035" }, { "contents": "Interstate 80 in Iowa\n\n\nthe east at the Jordan Creek Parkway exit. The highway adds a third lane eastbound and drops the third lane westbound. Almost to the east is the interchange with I-35, which also marks the beginning of I-235. Eastbound I-80 exits the freeway via a flyover ramp to northbound I-35; eastbound I-235 begins as the continuation of the I-80 freeway. Locally, this exit is called the West Mixmaster. I-80 shares the next with I-35 on a six-lane freeway where each direction's three lanes are separated by a Jersey barrier.", "id": "3837266" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 68\n\n\nto its junction with I-91 at Exit 15. After overpassing I-91 and passing a couple of business parks, Route 68 becomes a 2 lane road once again. It then enters Durham, where it passes the southern end of Route 157 before ending at Route 17 in the center of town. The road connecting Naugatuck and Cheshire was designated in 1922 as State Highway 325. In the 1932 state highway renumbering, former Highway 325 was renumbered to Route 68. The route was later extended east to Middlefield in 1966 along former SR 607", "id": "3645090" }, { "contents": "Interstate 480 (Nebraska–Iowa)\n\n\nLeavenworth neighborhood from the Old Market neighborhood. Shortly after the Leavenworth Street exit is the Harney Street exit, which provides access to U.S. Route 6 from eastbound I-480. before the North Freeway interchange, I-480 passes beneath Dodge and Douglas Streets, which are the westbound and eastbound lanes of U.S. 6, respectively. Just to the southwest of the Creighton University campus is the North Freeway interchange, where US 75 leaves eastbound I-480 and joins westbound. The North Freeway was originally planned to be an Interstate Highway, \"I-580\", connecting", "id": "10317788" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nExit 110 leading to the I-40 frontage road along the eastbound lanes, which suddenly becomes a divided highway named \"Route 66.\" The first intersection is a connecting road to the parts of the interchange with the eastbound on-ramp, as well as the frontage roads along the westbound lanes, leading to the western terminus of the business loop. Shortly after this is the barely paved Carson County Road BB. The divided highway ends just west of TX FM 295 and Carson County Road CC (Western Avenue), and gains", "id": "294168" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 in New York\n\n\n6 and 202 closely parallel I-84 to the north, between the freeway and one of the upper basins of East Branch Reservoir, part of New York City's water supply system. The northern terminus of NY 121 lets eastbound traffic on and westbound traffic off. Two miles (3.2 km) to the east, Signs appear for Saw Mill Road, exit 1 on Connecticut's stretch of I-84, and its ramps leave the highway just a hundred feet (30 m) before the state line. The route of I-84 through the", "id": "995373" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 34\n\n\nLegion Avenue, later becoming South Frontage Road (former Oak Street), while westbound Route 34 uses North Frontage Road. The eastbound section running along Legion Avenue and South Frontage Road (1.03 miles) is town-maintained. The corresponding westbound section along North Frontage Road is officially designated as State Road 706 but is signed as Route 34 West. Route 34 then continues along the Oak Street Connector, a six-lane freeway that connects to I-91 and I-95. The freeway portion has two westbound exits and three eastbound entrances,", "id": "5492586" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nfor BL-40, because south of this intersection is an approach to a westbound on-eastbound off wye interchange with I-40. Immediately after this intersection, BL-40 ends at an eastbound on-westbound off wye interchange with I-40. The Clinton business loop of Interstate 40 is the fourth business route of I-40 in Oklahoma, running from exit 65 to exit 69, although only part of the route runs along former US 66. The route begins at exit 65, which is an eastbound flyover with no re-entry, and a westbound", "id": "294183" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nand maintenance facility, and then leaves the frontage road at the on ramp to eastbound I-40, where it meets its terminus. The frontage roads along both sides of I-40 continue through three more interchanges before crossing the Texas-Oklahoma State Line. The Erick business loop of Interstate 40 is the first business route of I-40 in Oklahoma. It begins on exit 5 (Honeyfarm Drive) and runs south into North 1720th Road until that street ends at a four-lane divided highway known as East 1240th Road (former Route 66)", "id": "294176" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 542\n\n\nRoute 542 (also known as Ferguson Road) is a state road in northern Connecticut. It is contained inside the town of Vernon. It runs from Route 533 to Route 541. Route 542 begins at Route 543 (Tunnel Road) in the central portion of the town of Vernon. It then heads east for about before intersecting with exit 66 on Interstate 84 (I-84}. Only travelers on westbound I-84 can exit onto Route 542, and that travelers on Route 542 can only get onto westbound I-84. About from the", "id": "1160744" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 71\n\n\nas it intersects West Main Street. While southbound traffic may continue from West Main Street onto Cook Avenue, northbound traffic must turn right onto Hanover Street, then left onto South Grove Street, and left onto West Main Street to continue. Once reunited, Route 71 proceeds west on West Main Street before turning north onto Chamberlain Highway. It then crosses I-691 at Exit 5, with access to and from the west. It then crosses into Berlin, passing the eastern end of Route 364 before turning northeast as the Chamberlain Highway becomes", "id": "18857060" }, { "contents": "Interstate 91\n\n\nparallels the river, never more than from its shore. I-91 then enters the Hartford city limits. In Hartford, I-91 it has a set of interchanges with US 5/Route 15 (Wilbur Cross Highway), which provides access from I-91 north to I-84 east, and from I-84 west to I-91 south via the Charter Oak Bridge. I-91 then has an interchange with I-84, where all other movements to and from I-84 take place. Before leaving the city limits, an HOV lane begins that has its own set of interchanges", "id": "8976772" }, { "contents": "Interstate 210 (Louisiana)\n\n\nShip Channel. At the southeastern end of the bridge, the highway meets with exit 3, Prien Lake Road, eastbound. I-210 heads east through Lake Charles, turning 90 degrees at exit 8, LA 14/Gerstner Memorial Drive. The highway then heads north towards its eastern terminus with I-10 just east of Lake Charles. Though portions of the freeway run north-south, the entire route is signed east-west. All of I-210 is included as part of the National Highway System, a system of roadways important to", "id": "2671252" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 95 in California\n\n\nChemehuevi Mountains before entering the city of Needles after several miles. After passing the Needles Municipal Airport, US 95 merges onto I-40 westbound and continues through Needles on the freeway. US 95 exits from I-40 west of Needles and continues northwest to Searchlight Junction, where US 95 continues north at the junction with the old routing of US 66. The highway continues north, east of Homer Mountain, to the Nevada state line. US 95 is part of the California Freeway and Expressway System, and a small portion near I-10 and the", "id": "21402148" }, { "contents": "Interstate 66\n\n\nInterstate 66 (I-66) is an Interstate Highway in the eastern United States. As indicated by its even route number, it runs in an east–west direction. Its current western terminus is near Middletown, Virginia, at an interchange with I-81; its eastern terminus is in Washington, D.C., at an interchange with U.S. Route 29. Because of its terminus in the Shenandoah Valley, the highway was once called the \"Shenandoah Freeway.\" Much of the route parallels U.S. Route 29 or Virginia State Route 55. Interstate", "id": "9038774" }, { "contents": "Interstate 95 in Connecticut\n\n\nof around 150,000 throughout the entire length between the New York state line and the junction with I-91 in New Haven. The Turnpike intersects with several major expressways, namely US 7 at Exit 15 in Norwalk, Route 8 and Route 25 at Exit 27A in Bridgeport (quickest way to I-84 from southwest CT), the Merritt and Wilbur Cross Parkways at Exit 38 (via the Milford Parkway) in Milford, and Interstate 91 at Exit 48 in New Haven. North (east) of I-91, the Turnpike continues along the Connecticut", "id": "5620386" }, { "contents": "Missouri Route 96\n\n\nRoute 96 was redesignated as Route YY west of Route 171 when Kansas deleted the eastern part of K-96. Route 96 begins at a partial interchange with Interstate 44 (I-44) just west of Halltown (there is no access to westbound I-44 or from eastbound I-44). The highway is a two-lane road and is relatively straight all the way to Carthage. Approximately west of I-44 is the western terminus of Route 266. Approximately further west, Route 96 is joined by Historic Route 66. At Albatross, is an intersection", "id": "11824778" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nI-40, and the former segment of US 66 along the north side continues as one of the two I-40 frontage roads. The Amarillo business loop of Interstate 40 begins at I-40 exit 62A just west of Amarillo. The highway was formerly a business route for Route 66, being that highway's only bannered route in Texas. Bus. I-40 D is known locally as Amarillo Boulevard and is the longest buisness route of Interstate 40. Bus. I-40 D begins at Interstate 40 exit 62A just west of Amarillo near Cadillac Ranch. The", "id": "294164" }, { "contents": "Interstate 540 and North Carolina Highway 540\n\n\nto the Western Wake Freeway and future Southern and Eastern Wake Freeways. As of January 2013, the North Carolina state route traverses east–west from I-40, in Durham County to NC 55, in Holly Springs. Initially intended to be signed as an extension of the I-540 loop, the first section of the route bears mile markers and exit numbers for the complete Interstate loop, going from 66 to 69. In Mid-2012, this section of the beltway became part of the Triangle Expressway. No portion of I-540 is tolled.", "id": "6204061" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 229\n\n\nRoute 229 is a state highway in the western Greater Hartford area of the U.S. state of Connecticut. It runs north–south from Interstate 84 in Southington to U.S. Route 6 in Bristol. Along the way, it intersects Route 72 in the Forestville section of Bristol. Route 229 nominally begins at the end of the eastbound Exit 31 off-ramp of I-84 in western Southington, heading northward along West Street. State maintenance and the official southern end of Route 229 actually begins about south of the off-ramp. West Street", "id": "7429975" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nwhich focuses on the roads former status as Route 66. The commercial strip ends after a dirt road named North Tennessee Street. \"Route 66\" splits from East 12th Street at an intersection that's another connecting road to the eastbound off-ramp of Exit 164, the then runs over the overpass above I-40 to turn right at the frontage road along the westbound lanes leading to the western beginning of the business loop. Eastbound Business Interstate Route 40-J narrows down to a two-lane undivided highway before passing by a TxDOT construction", "id": "294175" }, { "contents": "Highway revolts in the United States\n\n\nInterstate 291 beltway west of Interstate 91, the proposed Interstate 484 expressway through the downtown, and the proposed Interstate 284 expressway between East Hartford and South Windsor, and Interstate 491 from Wethersfield to Manchester. After these freeways were cancelled, the State of Connecticut used the funds allocated for their construction to rebuild and expand existing freeways in the Greater Hartford area. In 1992 the Route 9 Expressway was extended north from I-91 in New Britain to Interstate 84 in Farmington, completing what would have been the southwest quadrant of the I-291 beltway;", "id": "256037" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 in Connecticut\n\n\nthe northern end of the Route 15 expressway, it inherits the Wilbur Cross Highway name for the rest of its length. From 1968 until 1984, the I-84 designation ended here, and the highway became I-86 for the rest of its length, as I-84 was once planned to be built east toward Providence, Rhode Island. I-84 intersects one of the remnants of the abandoned project, I-384, as part of a series of complex interchanges in Manchester including the end of the US 6 concurrency at exit 60, and a connection to", "id": "14727152" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nfrontage roads along the westbound lanes leading to the western beginning of the business loop, and an unorthodox roadside attraction known as the Leaning Tower of Texas. Business Interstate Route 40-F ends at the on ramp to eastbound I-40, as does the divided former US 66, which is converted back into the frontage road along the eastbound lanes of I-40. The McLean business loop of Interstate 40 runs from exit 141 to 143. Officially designated as Business Interstate 40-H by the Texas Department of Transportation, it begins at I-40 at an eastbound flyover", "id": "294170" }, { "contents": "Maryland Route 53\n\n\nstate highway then meets its northern terminus at an intersection with US 40 Alternate in La Vale. Access to westbound I-68 is provided a short distance to the east on US 40 Alternate. MD 53 is part of US 220 Truck, which provides access from Interstate 68 (I-68) west of La Vale to southbound US 220 for trucks due to a truck prohibition on the eastbound exit ramp for I-68's interchange with US 220. The state highway is part of the main National Highway System from US 220 to I-68; in addition", "id": "11898711" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 84\n\n\nend street at the truck stop along the aforementioned frontage road. Interstate 84 Business was a business loop of I-84 along in Morgan, Utah. It ran north along Utah State Route 66 at Exit 103 (State Street) to East 600th Street running along the north side of I-84 until the former westbound-off-ramp and eastbound on-ramp that was once westbound Exit 103 until the mid-1990s. Interstate 84 Business was a business loop of I-84 along in Henefer, Utah. It ran southeast along the southwest side of I-84", "id": "6061978" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 5 in Connecticut\n\n\nStreet becomes Broad Street after the intersection with Hall Avenue as it passes by the eastern part of the city, avoiding the downtown area. Past Olive Street, the road becomes divided with a wide grassy median. At the north end of the divided section, it has an intersection with East Main Street, the main east–west business route through the city. About north of East Main Street, US 5 has an interchange with I-691 (at exit 8). At the intersection with Brittania Street, the road becomes North Broad", "id": "5428414" }, { "contents": "Interstate 91\n\n\nthe river can also be easily accessed in this stretch. At exit 19 is the northern terminus of I-93, a major interstate highway in New England, which provides a direct route south through the White Mountains and to almost all major cities in New Hampshire. Just after exit 19, there are three exits for St. Johnsbury, including a major intersection with US 2. Along westbound US 2, the capital of Vermont, Montpelier, is eventually reached from I-91, although I-89 provides Montpelier with immediate Interstate access. I-91 continues northward", "id": "8976783" }, { "contents": "Massachusetts Turnpike\n\n\nand the seventh-longest gap between exits in the entire Interstate Highway System. The highest elevation on the turnpike exists in The Berkshires, reaching above sea level in Becket; this point is also the highest elevation on I-90 east of South Dakota. Beyond the peak elevation and between the exits, an eastbound runaway truck ramp exists in Russell. The turnpike has an interchange with I-91 and US 5 at exit 4 in West Springfield; it passes over the Connecticut River before reaching Route 33 at exit 5 and I-291 at exit 6", "id": "8595595" }, { "contents": "County Route 66 (California)\n\n\ncrossing paths with the freeway again at Fenner, before heading east on Goffs Road to the junction with US 95. Next, CR 66 cosigns along US 95 south to the junction with I-40, where both the US and county routes cosign with I-40 heading east towards Needles. CR 66 exits the freeway at River Road Cutoff, where it immediately turns onto National Trails Highway after exiting. The route follows National Trails Highway to its end on River Road, then begins its southeast journey into downtown Needles. After an interchange with I-40", "id": "21979064" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 (Pennsylvania–Massachusetts)\n\n\n. This section has many left-hand exits and entrances and sharp curves, which were built for a planned network of freeways. I-84 heads northeast towards New Britain and Hartford, the state capital and the largest community along its eastern length. After intersecting Interstate 91, the road crosses the Connecticut River on the Bulkeley Bridge, oldest on the Interstate system, then becomes the Wilbur Cross Highway and continues towards the northeast. The last exit in Connecticut is Exit 74, an exit for Route 171. I-84 crosses the Massachusetts border", "id": "12185439" }, { "contents": "Rhode Island Route 4\n\n\n. After exit 7, Route 4 continues northward as a six-lane expressway, passing farmlands to the west and entering a suburban region of East Greenwich. The highway crosses under an overpass at Middle Road before interchanging with Route 401, the freeway's final spur, at another partial cloverleaf interchange. Exit 8 is also used to access Route 2 and I-95 south, which has no direct freeway connection with Route 4 north. Shortly after exit 8, the Route 4 designation ends and the mainline of the highway defaults onto I-95", "id": "14737226" }, { "contents": "Cromwell, Connecticut\n\n\nis land and (4.03%) is water. A major north/south highway, Interstate 91, with two Cromwell exits, runs through the Town. The Central Connecticut Expressway (Route 9), opened at the end of 1989, enhances the Town's location as it connects I-95 in Old Saybrook, I-91 in Cromwell and I-84, the State's major east/west highway in New Britain. As of the census of 2010, there were 14,005 people, 5,212 households, and 3,262 families residing in the town.", "id": "17977773" }, { "contents": "Interstate 190 (South Dakota)\n\n\n16 westbound goes east on Omaha Street and eastbound runs north concurrently with I-190. I-190 then becomes a freeway, with an exit to North Street. I-190 then passes under Anamosa Street before an on-ramp from the northbound lanes of West Boulevard. Both US 16 and I-190 then terminate at a trumpet interchange with I-90/US 14/SD 79. Legally, the route of I-190 is defined at South Dakota Codified Laws § 31-4-203. I-190 was opened in 1962 to connect Rapid City to the recently completed", "id": "2672231" }, { "contents": "Interstate 210 and State Route 210 (California)\n\n\nfor the interchange between State Route 57 and the Foothill Freeway, Interstate 210. The \"curve\" portion refers to the interchange from the northbound lanes of State Route 57 to the westbound lanes of I-210, and from the eastbound lanes of I-210 to the southbound lanes of State Route 57. The origin of the name comes from its location in the city of Glendora. Prior to 2002, this interchange was entirely part of I-210, and the eastern terminus of I-210 ended several miles south of the curve at the Kellogg Interchange at", "id": "2671217" }, { "contents": "Interstate 78 in New Jersey\n\n\nEntering more commercial areas, Route 173 merges onto I-78/US 22 at exit 13. At exit 15, the highway interchanges with CR 513, and Route 173 splits from I-78/US 22 by heading north on CR 513. At this point, the freeway enters Franklin Township briefly at exit 15 and then enters Clinton where it crosses the South Branch Raritan River. I-78/US 22 turns northeast and leaves Clinton for Clinton Township, where it has an eastbound exit and westbound entrance for Route 173 that also provides access to", "id": "16353900" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 15\n\n\nlimits, the business route veers onto Center Street and follows that through the center of town. At the north end of the city, I-15 Bus. turns west and runs concurrently with US 30 to its northern end at I-15 Exit 47. Interstate 15 Business runs for exactly through Inkom in northern Bannock County. I-15 Bus. mostly follows Old Highway 91 between Exits 57 and 58, a pair of partial interchanges. Interstate 15 Business spans through Pocatello in northern Bannock County. I-15 Bus. begins at I-15 Exit 67, where", "id": "15434019" }, { "contents": "Interstate 10 in California\n\n\nI-10 down Interstate 5 between the East LA Interchange and the Santa Monica Freeway, negating a section of the San Bernardino Freeway west of I-5. This short section of Route 10 between Route 5 and Route 101, which was formerly defined as Route 110 (signed as Interstate 110) until 1968, is signed overhead for I-10 eastbound and for U.S. 101 westbound. This I-5/I-10 cosigning is consistent with the Federal Highway Administration's Interstate Highway route logs that such an overlap exists for the segment of I-10 in California. I-10 is", "id": "10298840" }, { "contents": "Nevada State Route 425\n\n\ncenter of Verdi, then southeast to its terminus at the I-80 East Verdi interchange (Exit 5). Although designated a state route and an Interstate business route, there are no route shields posted along the highway itself. The I-80 business route extends beyond the end of SR 425. From the highway's western terminus, I-80 Business follows Gold Ranch Road an additional south to end at an I-80 westbound onramp. The highway originally carried State Route 1 and later U.S. Route 40 on its trek west from Reno over Donner Pass towards", "id": "5840323" }, { "contents": "Interstate 516\n\n\ncurrent western terminus of I-516. In 1985, the entire highway from its then-current western terminus at Burnsed Blvd to Montgomery Street was designated as I-516. The freeway portion was extended westward to the interchange with SR 25 (Burnsed Blvd) and eastward to the current eastern terminus. Also US 17/SR 25 and US 80/SR 26 were re-routed along the freeway, from the West Bay Street exit to the Ogeechee Road exit. In 1995, US 17 had a major re-routing through the city", "id": "10860994" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 15\n\n\nState Route 28. Interstate 15 Business is a Business loop of Interstate 15 in Bringham City, and is also concurrent with Business Loop 84. It runs from an interchange at Exit 362 on I-15/84 at first along U.S. Route 91 to the intersection with U.S. Route 89 and UT 13. US 91 continues east along US 89, while BL 15/84 turns left to go north along UT 13 (South Main Street). Further in town, the road serves as the west end of Utah State Route 90. At Forest Street,", "id": "15434015" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 95 in Nevada\n\n\nthe Henderson Spaghetti Bowl (also known as the Hender-Bender) interchange of Interstate 215 and SR 564 and Interstate 515 begins. The freeway then heads west into Downtown Las Vegas, where it intersects Interstate 15. At the Spaghetti Bowl interchange, US 93 follows I-15 northbound and I-515 ends. US 95 heads west, then north at the Rainbow Curve. The freeway portion then ends at Corn Creek Road northwest of the Las Vegas Valley and then it becomes a brief four-lane divided highway. US 95 exits Clark County", "id": "7359006" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 15\n\n\nwhen it turns east onto Alameda Road, which becomes Pocatello Creek Road when it veers northeast to the business route's terminus at I-15 Exit 71. Interstate 15 Business has a length of through Blackfoot in central Bingham County. I-15 Bus. begins at I-15 Exit 89 near the northern end of the Fort Hall Indian Reservation and follows US 91 northeast parallel to the Union Pacific Railroad. The highways cross the Blackfoot River into the city of Blackfoot along Broadway Street. In downtown Blackfoot, the routes veer onto Main Street, then I-15", "id": "15434021" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 50 in Maryland\n\n\neastbound exit. Following this interchange, US 50 passes office parks and industrial development in New Carrollton. The highway reaches a hybrid turbine interchange with I-95/I-495, the Capital Beltway. At the I-95/I-495 interchange, the US 50 freeway becomes part of the Interstate Highway System as I-595, which is an unsigned highway. The road heads east as an ten-lane freeway, with the left lane in each direction designated as a high-occupancy vehicle lane (HOV lane). The freeway passes near residential development and", "id": "21110676" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nloop of Interstate 40 is the third business route of I-40 in Oklahoma. It runs northeast along former US 66 from eastbound exit 32 and turns east after the beginning of an overlap with OK 6 that runs along the route until OK 6 turns south at North Main Street. From there it snakes through the northeastern part of the city and after the intersection with OK 34 finally terminates with I-40 at westbound exit 41. The route begins at a left exit in a wye interchange with Interstate 40, which also serves as a connection", "id": "294180" }, { "contents": "Iowa Highway 330\n\n\nused as a connector between Des Moines and the Waterloo–Cedar Falls area. Iowa 330 begins at an interchange with Interstate 80 (I-80), U.S. Route 6 (US 6), and US 65 in Altoona. The I-80 freeway runs east–west; US 6 comes up from the southwest along Hubbell Avenue and joins eastbound I-80 while US 65 exits eastbound I-80 and turns onto Hubbell heading northeast. For the first of its routing, Iowa 330 shares the same roadway with US 65. The two routes head northeast on", "id": "10381823" }, { "contents": "Interstate 180 (Pennsylvania)\n\n\nat an interchange with U.S. Route 15 and U.S. Route 220. The highway begins its signage, concurrent along these routes. At exit 27A, US 15 leaves the overlap running south across the Carl E. Stotz Memorial Little League Bridge and I-180 continues eastward, still concurrent with US 220 northbound. From there, I-180 runs along the West Branch Susquehanna River until the highway reaches the eastern suburbs of Williamsport, where US 220 leaves the Interstate via exit 15. From US 220 to the eastern terminus, I-180 is aligned north–south", "id": "4494305" }, { "contents": "Interstate 76 (Ohio–New Jersey)\n\n\nJersey. After I-76 reaches its eastern terminus, the freeway continues as Route 42 and the Atlantic City Expressway to Atlantic City. I-76 begins at I-71 at exit 209, east of Lodi, Ohio; U.S. Route 224 (US 224) continues west from the end of I-76. The interchange was previously a double trumpet, but was reconstructed in 2010. Officially, I-76 begins at the beginning of the ramp from I-71 north; it merges with US 224 at mile 0.61. After passing through rural Medina County, I-76 enters Summit", "id": "12185505" }, { "contents": "Interstate 215 (Utah)\n\n\ninterchange features a grade-separated ramp from northbound 2000 East to eastbound I-215. Past this junction, another interchange at Union Park Avenue appears. Another grade-separated ramp from Union Park Avenue is present. The freeway enters Murray as an interchange serving westbound motorists connects to 280 East and State Street (U.S. Route 89, or US-89). Eastbound travelers connect to State Street further west at a separate exit. The road turns northwest for a short time to approach a junction at I-15 (often called the South Interchange).", "id": "9551591" }, { "contents": "List of state routes in Connecticut\n\n\n. Routes are signed state highways and are assigned numbers from 1 to 399 (with the exception of I-684 and I-691). All state, U.S. and Interstate highways are part of the same numbering system. In 1926, the U.S. highway system was implemented. U.S. Routes 1, 5, 6, and 7 were used as designations on several primary state highways, replacing New England routes 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. The other New England routes that were not re-designated as U.S. routes became ordinary", "id": "5492536" }, { "contents": "Interstate 291 (Massachusetts)\n\n\ndirectly through highly populated areas of Springfield, and passes under several overpasses. From its southwestern terminus to exit 5A, Interstate 291 is concurrent with U.S. Route 20. I-291 is only from Interstate 291 in Connecticut, and there are no intervening Interstate Highway interchanges between them. It can be easy for travelers to become confused between the two highways. Interstate 291 begins as a spur of Interstate 91 at Exit 8 in Springfield, concurrent with U.S. 20, which merges from the north. The two entry ramps from I-91 merge with each", "id": "1778230" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 15\n\n\nprovides access to the end of the Sprinter commuter train line. Shortly thereafter, I-15 Business intersects County Route S14, and then interchanges with State Route 78. The interchange is the last interchange on the 78 before its freeway status ends, and there are only ramps for a westbound entrance or eastbound exit. Continuing north, I-15 Business intersects with El Norte Parkway, a major arterial road, before reconnecting with Interstate 15 at I-15 exit 34 near the northern city limits of Escondido. Though the street itself continues northward well on into", "id": "15434009" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 9\n\n\nSaybrook to I-91 in Cromwell is known as the \"Chester Bowles Highway\". The section from I-91 in Cromwell to Exit 24 in Berlin is known as the \"Korean War Veterans Memorial Highway\". The section from Route 72 in New Britain to Route 175 in Newington is known as the \"Taras Shevchenko Expressway\". The section from Route 175 in Newington to the junction with I-84 is known as the \"Iwo Jima Memorial Expressway\". The road connecting Deep River (then known as Saybrook) and Wethersfield along the west", "id": "15881247" }, { "contents": "Colorado State Highway 74\n\n\nthe Evergreen Parkway segment to four lanes and constructing an interchange with I-70. SH 74 begins at an interchange with I-70 in El Rancho. Ramps from I-70 westbound branch off the freeway's exit 252 from the north side and cross the highway southwestward. Access to SH 74 from I-70 eastbound is provided via U.S. Highway 40 (US 40) a slight distance to the west. From I-70, the roadway heads southwesterly through El Rancho, meeting an intersection with US 40 (Swede Gulch Road). The route heads westward before turning", "id": "12873578" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 84\n\n\nsoutheast corner of that intersection, and the contemporary but still traditional Brigham City Utah Temple on the southwest corner. UT 13 ends at the southern terminus of the overlap of US 89/91, and BL-15/84 makes a sharp right turn along southbound US 91, while South Main Street is taken over by southbound US 89. US 91/BL-15/84 runs west along West 1100th Street South. BL-15/84 ends at Exit 362, a diverging diamond interchange with I-15/84, while West 1100th Street South continues into the I-15 frontage road, and becomes a dead", "id": "6061977" }, { "contents": "Interstate 384\n\n\naccess to I-384 is provided through a complex interchange that also provides access from Pleasant Valley Road near Buckland Hills Mall and from I-291. I-384's first exit is for Spencer Street. The eastbound ramp is on the I-384 mainline, while the westbound ramp comes from a split in the I-84 interchange ramp. Just east of the Spencer Street overpass, the ramp from westbound I-84 joins the I-384 mainline and the HOV lane becomes a conventional lane. I-384 continues along the southern part of Manchester. It has one interchange before it intersects Route", "id": "10503365" }, { "contents": "Interstate 78 in New Jersey\n\n\ninto Springfield Township. The freeway passes near First Watchung Mountain before coming to the Route 24 interchange, where suburban development becomes more dense. At Route 24, I-78 divides into local and express lanes, with three express and three local lanes eastbound and two express and three local lanes westbound. In this section of the highway, most access is via the local lanes, though the next exit for Route 124 includes a direct westbound onramp to the express lanes. Before Route 124, I-78 briefly runs east through Millburn in Essex County", "id": "16353906" }, { "contents": "California State Route 237\n\n\n85. Westbound traffic can connect to Route 85 southbound, but the eastbound traffic connection to Route 85 northbound is labeled as an exit for U.S. 101. Route 237 intersects with Highway 101 at the southern corner of Moffett Field. After this intersection, a carpool lane is added, for a total of three lanes in either direction. It remains like this until the east end of the freeway at Interstate 880, where most eastbound traffic is directed to northbound I-880. The route then becomes a city street (an arterial road)", "id": "9003349" }, { "contents": "Massachusetts Route 141\n\n\nas Easthampton Road, crossing roads south of Mount Tom. Crossing through the Rock Valley section of Holyoke, the highway passes south of the Whiting Reservoir and Wyckoff Country Club, entering the Smiths Valley section. Through Smiths Valley, Route 141 runs southeast through a residential neighborhood, reaching a ramp to Interstate 91 southbound (I-91 exit 17). After another turn, the route crosses into a trumpet interchange with I-91 northbound, becoming a one-way couplet through downtown Holyoke. Route 141 eastbound runs along Dwight Street while Route 141", "id": "2532205" }, { "contents": "Interstate 295 (Delaware–Pennsylvania)\n\n\nof Penndel. Following this interchange, the freeway runs south-southeast near suburban residential areas as it heads west of Levittown. I-295 enters Bristol Township and terminates at an interchange with I-95 at I-276 (Pennsylvania Turnpike). At this interchange, I-295 merges into southbound I-95, with access from westbound I-295 to southbound I-95 and from northbound I-95 to eastbound I-295; there are no ramps connecting I-295 and the Pennsylvania Turnpike. In the 1927 New Jersey state highway renumbering, Route 39 was legislated to begin at the Yardley–Wilburtha Bridge", "id": "9627779" }, { "contents": "James River Freeway\n\n\n. The portion of the James River Freeway between I-44 and the interchange with US 60 and Route 413 is designated as Route 360. Other than its endpoints, there is only one interchange on the route: Route MM in Brookline (now part of Republic). Exit markers for the highway mark the road as the James River Freeway and have no control cities, only \"To Route 60\" eastbound and \"To I-44\" westbound. The control cities between US 60 and US 65 are Republic westbound and Rogersville eastbound. At", "id": "6615288" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 6 in Rhode Island\n\n\nturns south on the I-295 collector/distributor roads to the west end of that freeway. The south interchange of US 6 and I-295 has numerous ramp stubs once intended for a western continuation of the Roberts Expressway as Interstate 84. The six-lane Roberts Expressway has interchanges with Route 5, U.S. Route 6A, Route 128, and US 6A again on its way to Olneyville. It crosses from Johnston into Providence just west of the bridge over Route 128. At the second US 6A interchange, the older Olneyville Bypass begins,", "id": "21794194" }, { "contents": "Flatbush Avenue Connector\n\n\nstate proposed the corridor as the Cedar Ridge Connector with no number, leading from its current terminus at I-84 to U.S. 5/Route 15 in Wethersfield. The short expressway planned to include an interchange with a planned but cancelled Route 71 expressway leading to New Britain. Circa 2015, the viaduct carrying the northbound ramp to Eastbound I-84 was removed, and a new alignment adjacent to the southbound off ramp from Westbound I-84 was built. Exit 45 is currently an incomplete interchange, with ramps only for I-84 westbound to SR 504 (left", "id": "5839909" }, { "contents": "Interstate 195 (New Jersey)\n\n\ndesignation west and south, along existing I-95 instead. I-195's western terminus is at a modified cloverleaf interchange with I-295 in Hamilton Township, Mercer County, located southeast of the city of Trenton. From this end, the freeway continues north into Trenton as Route 29. I-195 serves as the southern continuation of Route 29, continuing east from I-295 as a six-lane expressway, passing between suburban neighborhoods to the north and the Crosswicks Creek to the south. After the exit for US 206, the highway narrows to four lanes", "id": "14760197" }, { "contents": "Massachusetts Route 25\n\n\nRoute 25 west mainline onto Route 495 north, with the right-hand lane serving I-195 via Exit 1. From I-195, Route 25 east is accessible via Exit 22A; I-195 terminates at the interchange. Interstate 495 also terminates at its junction with Route 25; the two southbound lanes of I-495 default onto Route 25 east. After the interchange with I-195 and I-495, Route 25 begins to head in a southeastern direction into the town of Wareham as a six-lane freeway. The route passes under Tihonet Road and through Maple", "id": "18239659" }, { "contents": "California State Route 56\n\n\ncompleted in 1995 after several lawsuits filed by the Sierra Club and other community groups. The two ends were not connected until the middle portion of the freeway was completed in 2004. The delay was largely due to funding issues and environmental concerns. Eastbound SR 56 begins as a ramp from the northbound I-5's local bypass lanes. The interchange is not complete; southbound I-5 traffic must exit to Carmel Valley Road before entering SR 56. Westbound traffic on SR 56 merges into the southbound I-5 local bypass lanes, which provide access to", "id": "2729277" }, { "contents": "Utah State Route 161\n\n\nState Route 161 (SR-161) is a long state highway, designated as a rural major connector, completely within Millard County in central Utah. The highway connects Interstate 70 (I-70) to I-15 while providing service to historic Cove Fort. The route was once part of U.S. Route 91 (US-91), but was renumbered to SR-161 in the 1970s, in parallel with the construction of I-70. Located entirely in southeastern Millard County, SR-161 starts at a diamond interchange with the westernmost exit on I-70 before it terminates at I-15.", "id": "14472451" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 in Connecticut\n\n\nbrief concurrency with Route 72 to the New Britain city line. From the Route 72 junction through Farmington, West Hartford, and into Hartford, I-84 has many left-hand exits and entrances and sharp curves, which were built for a planned network of freeways. In Farmington, US 6 joins I-84 once again at exit 38, and both meet the northern end of the Route 9 expressway at a half-used multi-level stack interchange that was originally planned to be part of the mostly-cancelled I-291 Hartford Beltway.", "id": "14727150" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 40\n\n\nan interchange. Route 40 begins from northbound I-91 in North Haven as the Exit 10 off-ramp. The designation runs for along the exit ramp. The expressway then proceeds northwest and is joined by on-ramps from Bailey Road and southbound I-91. The I-91 interchange includes an overpass over the Quinnipiac River and railroad tracks. About past the I-91 interchange, the road crosses over another set of railroad tracks, then has an interchange with U.S. Route 5. Access to and from US 5 is via Dixwell Avenue (SR 717", "id": "15644232" }, { "contents": "Interstate 695 (District of Columbia)\n\n\nsome remaining \"To I-395\" signage can still be found along I-695 westbound. The new signs designate I-695 as extending from the point where I-395 branches off from the Southeast Freeway, with I-695 continuing along the Southeast Freeway and over the new 11th Street Bridge to the interchange with I-295. However, some commentators contend the new signage is confusing and that the Southeast Freeway is often confused with Baltimore's Beltway, a highway with the same route designation. The entire route is in Washington, D.C. Exits were unnumbered until July 2014.", "id": "13815020" }, { "contents": "California State Route 91\n\n\nState Route 91 (SR 91) is a major east–west state highway in the U.S. state of California that serves several regions of the Greater Los Angeles urban area. A freeway throughout its entire length, it officially runs from Vermont Avenue in Gardena, just west of the junction with the Harbor Freeway (Interstate 110, I-110), east to Riverside at the junction with the Pomona (SR 60 west of SR 91) and Moreno Valley (SR 60 and I-215 east of SR 91) freeways. Though signs along", "id": "4945631" }, { "contents": "Tennessee State Route 182\n\n\nState Route 182 (abbreviated SR 182) is a secondary state highway in western Dyer County, Tennessee. This route is primarily rural in nature throughout its length. The first of SR 182 from its southern terminus with SR 104 to Interstate 155 is a modern two-lane facility with a speed limit. I-155 ended at Exit 7 during the 1970s and this section of SR 182 also served as a temporary link to SR 104 for eastbound motorists until the freeway was completed to Exit 15. SR 182 north of I-155 to its", "id": "12693771" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 4 in New Hampshire\n\n\nI-93 southbound, and runs along the freeway until Exit 15E in Concord. At this interchange, US-4 leaves I-93 and joins Interstate 393 and U.S. Route 202 which run eastbound out of the city. The two U.S. routes overlap I-393 to its terminus in the northern corner of Pembroke. I-393 then ends, and US-4/US-202 merge onto Route 9 eastbound through Chichester and into Epsom. The road crosses Route 28 at the Epsom Traffic Circle, then continues east and intersects Route 107, forming a long four-route concurrency into Northwood", "id": "19470164" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 9\n\n\nriver, it passes through the towns of Essex, Deep River, Chester, Haddam, and Middletown). After its junction with Interstate 91 in Cromwell, Route 9 continues westward then northward, running through the Hartford area towns/cities of Berlin, New Britain, Newington, and Farmington. At the junction with I-84/US 6 near the Farmington - West Hartford town line, Route 9 follows the ramps for eastbound I-84 and ends at the merge with I-84 immediately after crossing the town line. Route 9 has a non", "id": "15881245" }, { "contents": "Maryland Route 32\n\n\nCSX line) and several industrial parks in Annapolis Junction. MD 32 continues northwest into Savage, where the highway has a cloverleaf interchange with US 1 (Washington Boulevard) that includes collector-distributor lanes in both directions. North of Savage, the freeway has a partial cloverleaf interchange with I-95 that has a pair of left-exiting ramps from westbound MD 32 to southbound I-95 and from eastbound MD 32 to northbound I-95; because of these left exits, I-95 is configured differently in that its southbound lanes pass under MD 32 and", "id": "8470347" }, { "contents": "Interstate 95 in Massachusetts\n\n\nto eight lanes. Then the highway passes through Newton, then enters Weston and has a large interchange with the Massachusetts Turnpike (I-90) that provides connections to nearby Route 30. There is a fourth lane after the interchange with Route 9. Exits 23, 24, and 25 are one combined exit northbound. I-95 and Route 128 are due west of Boston at this point and begin to turn to the northeast, serving the city of Waltham and the town of Lexington along the way. The freeway has an interchange with Route", "id": "18993893" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 372\n\n\nthe Mattabesset River, intersecting I-91 at Exit 21. It then widens to 4 lanes, and intersects the northern end of Route 217. Farther east, it crosses Route 3 before meeting Route 9 once again at Exit 19. It then turns southeast to at an intersection with Route 99 at the Cromwell town center. Route 72 was established in the 1932 state highway renumbering between Route 66 in Middletown and Route 10 Plainville. By the beginning of 1963, after the implementation of the 1962 Route Reclassification Act, Route 72 was extended", "id": "8495485" }, { "contents": "Interstate 664\n\n\nhas a connection to Portsmouth through Virginia State Route 164 (SR 164) and to Suffolk via U.S. Route 13, US 58, and US 460. I-664 begins at a full Y interchange with I-64 and I-264 that serves as the terminus of all three Interstates in the Bowers Hill section of the city of Chesapeake. I-64 heads southeast as a continuation of the Hampton Roads Beltway through Chesapeake while I-264 heads east toward Portsmouth and Norfolk. I-664 heads west as an eight-lane freeway that has a southbound-only exit ramp to", "id": "13145352" }, { "contents": "Virginia State Route 194\n\n\ncloverleaf interchange with I-64 (Hampton Roads Beltway) that only contains ramps in the northeast and southwest quadrants of the interchange. Northbound SR 194 has an exit ramp to and an entrance ramp from westbound I-64. Southbound SR 194 has an exit ramp to and an entrance ramp from eastbound I-64. The missing connections with I-64 are made via SR 247 to the south and SR 165 (Little Creek Road) to the north of the Interstate. North of SR 165, SR 194 becomes a four-lane divided highway north to its", "id": "19152409" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nalphabetic values to allow for future system expansion. The alphabetic naming suffixes are included as small letters on the bottom of reassurance shields. The Glenrio business spur of Interstate 40 begins at I-40 on exit 0 just east of the New Mexico-Texas state line. The highway runs south from the interchange towards Former route 66, then turns west along that decommissioned route where it terminates at the Texas-New Mexico State Line. The Adrian business loop of Interstate 40 begins at I-40 at exit 22 and runs along Former route 66 to", "id": "294158" }, { "contents": "Vermont Route 103\n\n\nand slightly better road across the Green Mountains to Rutland, it is a direct east–west road intersecting Interstate 91 significantly north of the diagonal 103. Numerous proposals to widen 103 into a two-lane freeway or similar limited-access roadway have failed, even though a substantial power company right of way shadows the road for much of its length. VT 103 begins at U.S. Route 5 in Rockingham just east of Interstate 91 and just north of Bellows Falls. From there, it interchanges with I-91 at exit 6 and proceeds", "id": "13506058" } ]

[ { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\nInterstate 691 (I-691) is a portion of the Interstate Highway System in Connecticut beginning at Interstate 91 in Meriden and ending at Interstate 84 near the Cheshire-Southington town line. It is in length, including of the exit ramp to the merge with westbound I-84. I-691 is also known as the Henry D. Altobello Highway for its entire length. I-691 is the main east–west highway of the city of Meriden. The freeway actually begins in Middlefield as Route 66, technically becoming I-691 at the junction with I-91 (Exit", "id": "767379" }, { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\n11). However, westbound signage indicates I-691 begins at the start of the freeway (just west of Exit 13), while eastbound signage shows I-691 ending at the Route 15 interchange (at eastbound Exit 10 about west of the interchange with I-91). To go from I-91 northbound to I-691 westbound (or from I-691 eastbound to I-91 southbound), one must actually use Route 15. Exit 9 westbound provides access to Route 15 North. West of the I-91/Route 15 interchange, I-691 meets US 5, which provides", "id": "767380" }, { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\n66. The highway was extended west to Exit 4 by 1971. The connection to I-84 was eventually completed in 1987, with the renumbering to I-691 done at the same time. The portion east of I-91 remained as Route 66. Environmental and community groups successfully blocked attempts to extend the freeway east of its present terminus due to potential impacts on the Mt. Higby Reservoir, which provides drinking water for the local area. A compromise was reached in the late 1990s allowing CONNDOT to convert Route 66 from a 2-lane road to 4 lanes", "id": "767383" }, { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\nat Exit 4. It then crosses the Quinnipiac River into Cheshire, where it has an interchange with Route 10, then continues west to end at I-84 at the Southington/Cheshire town line. The highway officially ends as it merges into I-84 West. In the 1940s, the I-691 routing was part of a planned US 6A Expressway from Southington to Willimantic. A section of the expressway (from its Middlefield terminus west to Exit 8) first opened in 1966. By 1968, the US 6A designation was dropped in favor of Route", "id": "767382" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 66\n\n\nRoute 66 is a Connecticut state highway running from Meriden to Windham, serving as an alternate east–west route to US 6 through east-central Connecticut. Route 66 officially begins at I-91 in Meriden as the extension of I-691, which officially ends at its interchange with I-91. This freeway portion runs for about into the town of Middlefield, where it becomes a four lane surface road. In Middlefield, it has junctions with the northern end of Route 147, and the southern end of Route 217. It then enters Middletown", "id": "16691092" }, { "contents": "Interstate 91\n\n\nUS 5 begins at the first of its many interchanges with the freeway. Leaving New Haven, I-91 follows a northeastward trek into North Haven, where it meets the southern end of the Route 40 expressway. It travels through the eastern part of Wallingford before entering the eastern part of the city of Meriden. In Meriden, about halfway between Hartford and New Haven, I-91 sees a complex set of interchanges with the Wilbur Cross Parkway (Route 15), the Route 66 expressway, and its first spur route, I-691. I-691", "id": "8976770" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 15\n\n\nmore northeasterly in North Haven. Major junctions include the Milford Parkway (SR 796), a connector providing access to Interstate 95 and US 1 beginning just east of the Sikorsky Bridge; US 5 in Wallingford; and a complex set of interchanges in Meriden providing access to I-91, I-691, and the Route 66 expressway. The parkway ends about a mile north of I-691 as US 5 joins Route 15 and the road becomes a four-lane divided highway with signalized and at-grade intersections known as the Berlin Turnpike. After", "id": "14881517" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 66\n\n\nthe expressway from US 5 in Meriden to Middlefield (where the current expressway ends) opened to traffic. By 1968, the US 6A designation was removed and split into several routes. The section from I-84 in Southington to US 6 in Columbia was renumbered as Route 66, including the newly opened freeway segment. In 1971, another section of the Route 66 freeway opened from between Route 322 and US 5. In 1987, with the completion of the freeway connection to I-84, the section of Route 66 west of I-91 was", "id": "16691099" }, { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\naccess to Route 15 North for eastbound traffic. Exit 7 provides access to Downtown Meriden. Westbound traffic exits onto State Street Extension, while eastbound traffic enters onto Columbia Street. Exits 6 and 5 provide access to Route 71, as well as access to Westfield Meriden. Exit 6 exits to Lewis Avenue, while Exit 5 exits directly to Route 71. From here, I-691 passes along the north side of Hubbard Park as well as by Castle Craig before it crosses into Southington. It then meets the eastern end of Route 322", "id": "767381" }, { "contents": "Interstate 291 (Connecticut)\n\n\nInterstate 291 (I-291) is a short Interstate Highway in the state of Connecticut that starts at I-91 at its junction with Route 218 in Windsor and ends at I-84 in Manchester. It serves as a northeastern bypass of Hartford. The official length of I-291 is , including of the exit ramp to the merge with eastbound I-84. I-291 is also known as the Vietnam Veterans Memorial Highway for its entire length. I-291 begins at I-91 in Windsor at an interchange that also provides access to and from Route 218. Heading southeast, I-291", "id": "4834367" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 in Connecticut\n\n\ncity of Waterbury, where it intersects the Route 8 expressway and crosses the Naugatuck River on an elevated dual-decked viaduct known locally as The Mixmaster. After passing through Cheshire, I-84 intersects the western end of I-691 at the Cheshire–Southington town line, which is also the New Haven–Hartford county line. I-84 turns more northerly for a stretch to exit 31 (Route 229), which provides access to Lake Compounce Amusement Park and ESPN World Headquarters. The freeway heads more northeasterly to Plainville, where it has a", "id": "14727149" }, { "contents": "Interstate 384\n\n\nInterstate 384 (I-384) is an Interstate Highway located entirely within the state of Connecticut. It runs east to west, going from Interstate 84 in East Hartford to U.S. Route 6/U.S. Route 44 in Bolton. I-384 officially begins at I-84 eastbound Exit 59 at the East Hartford/Manchester town line, as the right 2 lanes of traffic split from the I-84 mainline. The highway can also be accessed from the I-84 eastbound HOV lane, and westbound I-384 traffic can also access the HOV lane on westbound I-84. Westbound I-84", "id": "10503364" }, { "contents": "Special routes of U.S. Route 6\n\n\n6A from Plymouth–Farmington, this became US 6A. This US 6A was subsequently extended through Meriden to Willimantic along modern Route 66. An expressway upgrade was planned for this US 6A. Only a portion of the highway was built and is now I-691. U.S. Route 6A (US 6A) between Coventry and Windham was designated when New England Interstate Route 3 (NE-3) was deleted. The route was swapped with the old US 6 in 1939 and finally deleted in 1942 when US 6A became Route 31. U.S. Route 6A (US", "id": "10795785" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 (Pennsylvania–Massachusetts)\n\n\nNew Milford. Route 6 leaves the interstate at the next exit, and I-84 continues east across the countryside. At Exit 11, it turns to the northeast and descends to cross the Housatonic River on the Rochambeau Bridge, into New Haven County. It then climbs onto higher ground to the city of Waterbury, which it passes on an elevated viaduct with the eastbound and westbound lanes on different levels. Here the CT 8 expressway intersects. The eastern heading continues past Waterbury to Milldale, where Interstate 691 splits off to the east", "id": "12185438" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 120\n\n\nRoute 120 is a state highway in Connecticut, running entirely in the town of Southington. It serves as a more direct connection between the town center of Southington and the city of Meriden. Route 120 begins at an intersection with Route 322 in southeastern Southington, just west of the Meriden city line and about from an interchange with I-691. It heads in a northwest direction, crossing Misery Brook about later, passing by the St. Thomas Cemetery, then intersecting with Route 364 after another . Route 120 ends at an intersection with Route", "id": "21983096" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 322\n\n\nmeets Route 10 at a grade separated intersection. It briefly crosses into Cheshire before crossing the Quinnipiac River and reentering southeastern Southington. It meets the southern end of Route 120 before ending at an interchange with I-691 near the Southington-Meriden town line. The road continues into Meriden as West Main Street. Route 322 was established in 1963, running from Route 69 to then US 6A (Meriden Road) in Wolcott. The year before becoming a signed route, Route 322 was taken over by the state and designated as unsigned SR", "id": "8420887" }, { "contents": "Interstate 91\n\n\n. As such, it is almost always heavily trafficked (especially during rush hour), and maintains at least three lanes in each direction through Connecticut except for a short portion in Hartford at the interchange with I-84 and in Meriden at the interchange with Route 15. The three cities also serve as Connecticut's control points along its length of the Interstate. I-91 begins just east of downtown New Haven at an interchange with I-95 (the Connecticut Turnpike), and Route 34. At the bottom of the ramp for exit 5,", "id": "8976769" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 66\n\n\nIt ran from the Milldale section of Southington, via Meriden and Middletown, to Willimantic. In the 1932 state highway renumbering, old Highway 111 was designated as part of Route 14, which extended from Woodbury to the Rhode Island state line. In 1941, the section of Route 14 from Woodbury to Willimantic was redesignated as US 6A, connecting at US 6 on both ends. In the early 1960s, plans for constructing a US 6A expressway between I-84 in Southington and Willimantic were announced. By 1966, a short portion of", "id": "16691098" }, { "contents": "Interstate 66\n\n\nfrom eastbound I-66 to the West Falls Church Metro station at the Leesburg Pike (Virginia State Route 7) interchange and will provide a new bridge for the W&OD Trail over Lee Highway (Virginia State Route 29). In Washington D.C., I-66 was planned to extend east of its current terminus along the North Leg of the Inner Loop freeway. I-66 would have also met the eastern terminus of a planned Interstate 266 at US 29, and the western terminus of the South Leg Freeway (I-695) at US 50; I-266 would", "id": "9038810" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 10\n\n\n. It then turns north onto Dixwell Avenue, and intersects the Wilbur Cross Parkway (Route 15) at Exit 60. In the center of Hamden, it turns onto Whitney Avenue. Proceeding northward, it encounters the northern end of the Route 40 freeway and the western end of Route 22 . In Cheshire, it meets the eastern end of Route 42, and has a brief triplex with Routes 68 and 70. At the north end of town is a junction with I-691 at Exit 3. It then enters Southington, where", "id": "16098035" }, { "contents": "Interstate 80 in Iowa\n\n\nthe east at the Jordan Creek Parkway exit. The highway adds a third lane eastbound and drops the third lane westbound. Almost to the east is the interchange with I-35, which also marks the beginning of I-235. Eastbound I-80 exits the freeway via a flyover ramp to northbound I-35; eastbound I-235 begins as the continuation of the I-80 freeway. Locally, this exit is called the West Mixmaster. I-80 shares the next with I-35 on a six-lane freeway where each direction's three lanes are separated by a Jersey barrier.", "id": "3837266" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 68\n\n\nto its junction with I-91 at Exit 15. After overpassing I-91 and passing a couple of business parks, Route 68 becomes a 2 lane road once again. It then enters Durham, where it passes the southern end of Route 157 before ending at Route 17 in the center of town. The road connecting Naugatuck and Cheshire was designated in 1922 as State Highway 325. In the 1932 state highway renumbering, former Highway 325 was renumbered to Route 68. The route was later extended east to Middlefield in 1966 along former SR 607", "id": "3645090" }, { "contents": "Interstate 480 (Nebraska–Iowa)\n\n\nLeavenworth neighborhood from the Old Market neighborhood. Shortly after the Leavenworth Street exit is the Harney Street exit, which provides access to U.S. Route 6 from eastbound I-480. before the North Freeway interchange, I-480 passes beneath Dodge and Douglas Streets, which are the westbound and eastbound lanes of U.S. 6, respectively. Just to the southwest of the Creighton University campus is the North Freeway interchange, where US 75 leaves eastbound I-480 and joins westbound. The North Freeway was originally planned to be an Interstate Highway, \"I-580\", connecting", "id": "10317788" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nExit 110 leading to the I-40 frontage road along the eastbound lanes, which suddenly becomes a divided highway named \"Route 66.\" The first intersection is a connecting road to the parts of the interchange with the eastbound on-ramp, as well as the frontage roads along the westbound lanes, leading to the western terminus of the business loop. Shortly after this is the barely paved Carson County Road BB. The divided highway ends just west of TX FM 295 and Carson County Road CC (Western Avenue), and gains", "id": "294168" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 in New York\n\n\n6 and 202 closely parallel I-84 to the north, between the freeway and one of the upper basins of East Branch Reservoir, part of New York City's water supply system. The northern terminus of NY 121 lets eastbound traffic on and westbound traffic off. Two miles (3.2 km) to the east, Signs appear for Saw Mill Road, exit 1 on Connecticut's stretch of I-84, and its ramps leave the highway just a hundred feet (30 m) before the state line. The route of I-84 through the", "id": "995373" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 34\n\n\nLegion Avenue, later becoming South Frontage Road (former Oak Street), while westbound Route 34 uses North Frontage Road. The eastbound section running along Legion Avenue and South Frontage Road (1.03 miles) is town-maintained. The corresponding westbound section along North Frontage Road is officially designated as State Road 706 but is signed as Route 34 West. Route 34 then continues along the Oak Street Connector, a six-lane freeway that connects to I-91 and I-95. The freeway portion has two westbound exits and three eastbound entrances,", "id": "5492586" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nfor BL-40, because south of this intersection is an approach to a westbound on-eastbound off wye interchange with I-40. Immediately after this intersection, BL-40 ends at an eastbound on-westbound off wye interchange with I-40. The Clinton business loop of Interstate 40 is the fourth business route of I-40 in Oklahoma, running from exit 65 to exit 69, although only part of the route runs along former US 66. The route begins at exit 65, which is an eastbound flyover with no re-entry, and a westbound", "id": "294183" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nand maintenance facility, and then leaves the frontage road at the on ramp to eastbound I-40, where it meets its terminus. The frontage roads along both sides of I-40 continue through three more interchanges before crossing the Texas-Oklahoma State Line. The Erick business loop of Interstate 40 is the first business route of I-40 in Oklahoma. It begins on exit 5 (Honeyfarm Drive) and runs south into North 1720th Road until that street ends at a four-lane divided highway known as East 1240th Road (former Route 66)", "id": "294176" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 542\n\n\nRoute 542 (also known as Ferguson Road) is a state road in northern Connecticut. It is contained inside the town of Vernon. It runs from Route 533 to Route 541. Route 542 begins at Route 543 (Tunnel Road) in the central portion of the town of Vernon. It then heads east for about before intersecting with exit 66 on Interstate 84 (I-84}. Only travelers on westbound I-84 can exit onto Route 542, and that travelers on Route 542 can only get onto westbound I-84. About from the", "id": "1160744" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 71\n\n\nas it intersects West Main Street. While southbound traffic may continue from West Main Street onto Cook Avenue, northbound traffic must turn right onto Hanover Street, then left onto South Grove Street, and left onto West Main Street to continue. Once reunited, Route 71 proceeds west on West Main Street before turning north onto Chamberlain Highway. It then crosses I-691 at Exit 5, with access to and from the west. It then crosses into Berlin, passing the eastern end of Route 364 before turning northeast as the Chamberlain Highway becomes", "id": "18857060" }, { "contents": "Interstate 91\n\n\nparallels the river, never more than from its shore. I-91 then enters the Hartford city limits. In Hartford, I-91 it has a set of interchanges with US 5/Route 15 (Wilbur Cross Highway), which provides access from I-91 north to I-84 east, and from I-84 west to I-91 south via the Charter Oak Bridge. I-91 then has an interchange with I-84, where all other movements to and from I-84 take place. Before leaving the city limits, an HOV lane begins that has its own set of interchanges", "id": "8976772" }, { "contents": "Interstate 210 (Louisiana)\n\n\nShip Channel. At the southeastern end of the bridge, the highway meets with exit 3, Prien Lake Road, eastbound. I-210 heads east through Lake Charles, turning 90 degrees at exit 8, LA 14/Gerstner Memorial Drive. The highway then heads north towards its eastern terminus with I-10 just east of Lake Charles. Though portions of the freeway run north-south, the entire route is signed east-west. All of I-210 is included as part of the National Highway System, a system of roadways important to", "id": "2671252" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 95 in California\n\n\nChemehuevi Mountains before entering the city of Needles after several miles. After passing the Needles Municipal Airport, US 95 merges onto I-40 westbound and continues through Needles on the freeway. US 95 exits from I-40 west of Needles and continues northwest to Searchlight Junction, where US 95 continues north at the junction with the old routing of US 66. The highway continues north, east of Homer Mountain, to the Nevada state line. US 95 is part of the California Freeway and Expressway System, and a small portion near I-10 and the", "id": "21402148" }, { "contents": "Interstate 66\n\n\nInterstate 66 (I-66) is an Interstate Highway in the eastern United States. As indicated by its even route number, it runs in an east–west direction. Its current western terminus is near Middletown, Virginia, at an interchange with I-81; its eastern terminus is in Washington, D.C., at an interchange with U.S. Route 29. Because of its terminus in the Shenandoah Valley, the highway was once called the \"Shenandoah Freeway.\" Much of the route parallels U.S. Route 29 or Virginia State Route 55. Interstate", "id": "9038774" }, { "contents": "Interstate 95 in Connecticut\n\n\nof around 150,000 throughout the entire length between the New York state line and the junction with I-91 in New Haven. The Turnpike intersects with several major expressways, namely US 7 at Exit 15 in Norwalk, Route 8 and Route 25 at Exit 27A in Bridgeport (quickest way to I-84 from southwest CT), the Merritt and Wilbur Cross Parkways at Exit 38 (via the Milford Parkway) in Milford, and Interstate 91 at Exit 48 in New Haven. North (east) of I-91, the Turnpike continues along the Connecticut", "id": "5620386" }, { "contents": "Missouri Route 96\n\n\nRoute 96 was redesignated as Route YY west of Route 171 when Kansas deleted the eastern part of K-96. Route 96 begins at a partial interchange with Interstate 44 (I-44) just west of Halltown (there is no access to westbound I-44 or from eastbound I-44). The highway is a two-lane road and is relatively straight all the way to Carthage. Approximately west of I-44 is the western terminus of Route 266. Approximately further west, Route 96 is joined by Historic Route 66. At Albatross, is an intersection", "id": "11824778" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nI-40, and the former segment of US 66 along the north side continues as one of the two I-40 frontage roads. The Amarillo business loop of Interstate 40 begins at I-40 exit 62A just west of Amarillo. The highway was formerly a business route for Route 66, being that highway's only bannered route in Texas. Bus. I-40 D is known locally as Amarillo Boulevard and is the longest buisness route of Interstate 40. Bus. I-40 D begins at Interstate 40 exit 62A just west of Amarillo near Cadillac Ranch. The", "id": "294164" }, { "contents": "Interstate 540 and North Carolina Highway 540\n\n\nto the Western Wake Freeway and future Southern and Eastern Wake Freeways. As of January 2013, the North Carolina state route traverses east–west from I-40, in Durham County to NC 55, in Holly Springs. Initially intended to be signed as an extension of the I-540 loop, the first section of the route bears mile markers and exit numbers for the complete Interstate loop, going from 66 to 69. In Mid-2012, this section of the beltway became part of the Triangle Expressway. No portion of I-540 is tolled.", "id": "6204061" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 229\n\n\nRoute 229 is a state highway in the western Greater Hartford area of the U.S. state of Connecticut. It runs north–south from Interstate 84 in Southington to U.S. Route 6 in Bristol. Along the way, it intersects Route 72 in the Forestville section of Bristol. Route 229 nominally begins at the end of the eastbound Exit 31 off-ramp of I-84 in western Southington, heading northward along West Street. State maintenance and the official southern end of Route 229 actually begins about south of the off-ramp. West Street", "id": "7429975" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nwhich focuses on the roads former status as Route 66. The commercial strip ends after a dirt road named North Tennessee Street. \"Route 66\" splits from East 12th Street at an intersection that's another connecting road to the eastbound off-ramp of Exit 164, the then runs over the overpass above I-40 to turn right at the frontage road along the westbound lanes leading to the western beginning of the business loop. Eastbound Business Interstate Route 40-J narrows down to a two-lane undivided highway before passing by a TxDOT construction", "id": "294175" }, { "contents": "Highway revolts in the United States\n\n\nInterstate 291 beltway west of Interstate 91, the proposed Interstate 484 expressway through the downtown, and the proposed Interstate 284 expressway between East Hartford and South Windsor, and Interstate 491 from Wethersfield to Manchester. After these freeways were cancelled, the State of Connecticut used the funds allocated for their construction to rebuild and expand existing freeways in the Greater Hartford area. In 1992 the Route 9 Expressway was extended north from I-91 in New Britain to Interstate 84 in Farmington, completing what would have been the southwest quadrant of the I-291 beltway;", "id": "256037" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 in Connecticut\n\n\nthe northern end of the Route 15 expressway, it inherits the Wilbur Cross Highway name for the rest of its length. From 1968 until 1984, the I-84 designation ended here, and the highway became I-86 for the rest of its length, as I-84 was once planned to be built east toward Providence, Rhode Island. I-84 intersects one of the remnants of the abandoned project, I-384, as part of a series of complex interchanges in Manchester including the end of the US 6 concurrency at exit 60, and a connection to", "id": "14727152" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nfrontage roads along the westbound lanes leading to the western beginning of the business loop, and an unorthodox roadside attraction known as the Leaning Tower of Texas. Business Interstate Route 40-F ends at the on ramp to eastbound I-40, as does the divided former US 66, which is converted back into the frontage road along the eastbound lanes of I-40. The McLean business loop of Interstate 40 runs from exit 141 to 143. Officially designated as Business Interstate 40-H by the Texas Department of Transportation, it begins at I-40 at an eastbound flyover", "id": "294170" }, { "contents": "Maryland Route 53\n\n\nstate highway then meets its northern terminus at an intersection with US 40 Alternate in La Vale. Access to westbound I-68 is provided a short distance to the east on US 40 Alternate. MD 53 is part of US 220 Truck, which provides access from Interstate 68 (I-68) west of La Vale to southbound US 220 for trucks due to a truck prohibition on the eastbound exit ramp for I-68's interchange with US 220. The state highway is part of the main National Highway System from US 220 to I-68; in addition", "id": "11898711" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 84\n\n\nend street at the truck stop along the aforementioned frontage road. Interstate 84 Business was a business loop of I-84 along in Morgan, Utah. It ran north along Utah State Route 66 at Exit 103 (State Street) to East 600th Street running along the north side of I-84 until the former westbound-off-ramp and eastbound on-ramp that was once westbound Exit 103 until the mid-1990s. Interstate 84 Business was a business loop of I-84 along in Henefer, Utah. It ran southeast along the southwest side of I-84", "id": "6061978" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 5 in Connecticut\n\n\nStreet becomes Broad Street after the intersection with Hall Avenue as it passes by the eastern part of the city, avoiding the downtown area. Past Olive Street, the road becomes divided with a wide grassy median. At the north end of the divided section, it has an intersection with East Main Street, the main east–west business route through the city. About north of East Main Street, US 5 has an interchange with I-691 (at exit 8). At the intersection with Brittania Street, the road becomes North Broad", "id": "5428414" }, { "contents": "Interstate 91\n\n\nthe river can also be easily accessed in this stretch. At exit 19 is the northern terminus of I-93, a major interstate highway in New England, which provides a direct route south through the White Mountains and to almost all major cities in New Hampshire. Just after exit 19, there are three exits for St. Johnsbury, including a major intersection with US 2. Along westbound US 2, the capital of Vermont, Montpelier, is eventually reached from I-91, although I-89 provides Montpelier with immediate Interstate access. I-91 continues northward", "id": "8976783" }, { "contents": "Massachusetts Turnpike\n\n\nand the seventh-longest gap between exits in the entire Interstate Highway System. The highest elevation on the turnpike exists in The Berkshires, reaching above sea level in Becket; this point is also the highest elevation on I-90 east of South Dakota. Beyond the peak elevation and between the exits, an eastbound runaway truck ramp exists in Russell. The turnpike has an interchange with I-91 and US 5 at exit 4 in West Springfield; it passes over the Connecticut River before reaching Route 33 at exit 5 and I-291 at exit 6", "id": "8595595" }, { "contents": "County Route 66 (California)\n\n\ncrossing paths with the freeway again at Fenner, before heading east on Goffs Road to the junction with US 95. Next, CR 66 cosigns along US 95 south to the junction with I-40, where both the US and county routes cosign with I-40 heading east towards Needles. CR 66 exits the freeway at River Road Cutoff, where it immediately turns onto National Trails Highway after exiting. The route follows National Trails Highway to its end on River Road, then begins its southeast journey into downtown Needles. After an interchange with I-40", "id": "21979064" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 (Pennsylvania–Massachusetts)\n\n\n. This section has many left-hand exits and entrances and sharp curves, which were built for a planned network of freeways. I-84 heads northeast towards New Britain and Hartford, the state capital and the largest community along its eastern length. After intersecting Interstate 91, the road crosses the Connecticut River on the Bulkeley Bridge, oldest on the Interstate system, then becomes the Wilbur Cross Highway and continues towards the northeast. The last exit in Connecticut is Exit 74, an exit for Route 171. I-84 crosses the Massachusetts border", "id": "12185439" }, { "contents": "Rhode Island Route 4\n\n\n. After exit 7, Route 4 continues northward as a six-lane expressway, passing farmlands to the west and entering a suburban region of East Greenwich. The highway crosses under an overpass at Middle Road before interchanging with Route 401, the freeway's final spur, at another partial cloverleaf interchange. Exit 8 is also used to access Route 2 and I-95 south, which has no direct freeway connection with Route 4 north. Shortly after exit 8, the Route 4 designation ends and the mainline of the highway defaults onto I-95", "id": "14737226" }, { "contents": "Cromwell, Connecticut\n\n\nis land and (4.03%) is water. A major north/south highway, Interstate 91, with two Cromwell exits, runs through the Town. The Central Connecticut Expressway (Route 9), opened at the end of 1989, enhances the Town's location as it connects I-95 in Old Saybrook, I-91 in Cromwell and I-84, the State's major east/west highway in New Britain. As of the census of 2010, there were 14,005 people, 5,212 households, and 3,262 families residing in the town.", "id": "17977773" }, { "contents": "Interstate 190 (South Dakota)\n\n\n16 westbound goes east on Omaha Street and eastbound runs north concurrently with I-190. I-190 then becomes a freeway, with an exit to North Street. I-190 then passes under Anamosa Street before an on-ramp from the northbound lanes of West Boulevard. Both US 16 and I-190 then terminate at a trumpet interchange with I-90/US 14/SD 79. Legally, the route of I-190 is defined at South Dakota Codified Laws § 31-4-203. I-190 was opened in 1962 to connect Rapid City to the recently completed", "id": "2672231" }, { "contents": "Interstate 210 and State Route 210 (California)\n\n\nfor the interchange between State Route 57 and the Foothill Freeway, Interstate 210. The \"curve\" portion refers to the interchange from the northbound lanes of State Route 57 to the westbound lanes of I-210, and from the eastbound lanes of I-210 to the southbound lanes of State Route 57. The origin of the name comes from its location in the city of Glendora. Prior to 2002, this interchange was entirely part of I-210, and the eastern terminus of I-210 ended several miles south of the curve at the Kellogg Interchange at", "id": "2671217" }, { "contents": "Interstate 78 in New Jersey\n\n\nEntering more commercial areas, Route 173 merges onto I-78/US 22 at exit 13. At exit 15, the highway interchanges with CR 513, and Route 173 splits from I-78/US 22 by heading north on CR 513. At this point, the freeway enters Franklin Township briefly at exit 15 and then enters Clinton where it crosses the South Branch Raritan River. I-78/US 22 turns northeast and leaves Clinton for Clinton Township, where it has an eastbound exit and westbound entrance for Route 173 that also provides access to", "id": "16353900" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 15\n\n\nlimits, the business route veers onto Center Street and follows that through the center of town. At the north end of the city, I-15 Bus. turns west and runs concurrently with US 30 to its northern end at I-15 Exit 47. Interstate 15 Business runs for exactly through Inkom in northern Bannock County. I-15 Bus. mostly follows Old Highway 91 between Exits 57 and 58, a pair of partial interchanges. Interstate 15 Business spans through Pocatello in northern Bannock County. I-15 Bus. begins at I-15 Exit 67, where", "id": "15434019" }, { "contents": "Interstate 10 in California\n\n\nI-10 down Interstate 5 between the East LA Interchange and the Santa Monica Freeway, negating a section of the San Bernardino Freeway west of I-5. This short section of Route 10 between Route 5 and Route 101, which was formerly defined as Route 110 (signed as Interstate 110) until 1968, is signed overhead for I-10 eastbound and for U.S. 101 westbound. This I-5/I-10 cosigning is consistent with the Federal Highway Administration's Interstate Highway route logs that such an overlap exists for the segment of I-10 in California. I-10 is", "id": "10298840" }, { "contents": "Nevada State Route 425\n\n\ncenter of Verdi, then southeast to its terminus at the I-80 East Verdi interchange (Exit 5). Although designated a state route and an Interstate business route, there are no route shields posted along the highway itself. The I-80 business route extends beyond the end of SR 425. From the highway's western terminus, I-80 Business follows Gold Ranch Road an additional south to end at an I-80 westbound onramp. The highway originally carried State Route 1 and later U.S. Route 40 on its trek west from Reno over Donner Pass towards", "id": "5840323" }, { "contents": "Interstate 516\n\n\ncurrent western terminus of I-516. In 1985, the entire highway from its then-current western terminus at Burnsed Blvd to Montgomery Street was designated as I-516. The freeway portion was extended westward to the interchange with SR 25 (Burnsed Blvd) and eastward to the current eastern terminus. Also US 17/SR 25 and US 80/SR 26 were re-routed along the freeway, from the West Bay Street exit to the Ogeechee Road exit. In 1995, US 17 had a major re-routing through the city", "id": "10860994" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 15\n\n\nState Route 28. Interstate 15 Business is a Business loop of Interstate 15 in Bringham City, and is also concurrent with Business Loop 84. It runs from an interchange at Exit 362 on I-15/84 at first along U.S. Route 91 to the intersection with U.S. Route 89 and UT 13. US 91 continues east along US 89, while BL 15/84 turns left to go north along UT 13 (South Main Street). Further in town, the road serves as the west end of Utah State Route 90. At Forest Street,", "id": "15434015" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 95 in Nevada\n\n\nthe Henderson Spaghetti Bowl (also known as the Hender-Bender) interchange of Interstate 215 and SR 564 and Interstate 515 begins. The freeway then heads west into Downtown Las Vegas, where it intersects Interstate 15. At the Spaghetti Bowl interchange, US 93 follows I-15 northbound and I-515 ends. US 95 heads west, then north at the Rainbow Curve. The freeway portion then ends at Corn Creek Road northwest of the Las Vegas Valley and then it becomes a brief four-lane divided highway. US 95 exits Clark County", "id": "7359006" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 15\n\n\nwhen it turns east onto Alameda Road, which becomes Pocatello Creek Road when it veers northeast to the business route's terminus at I-15 Exit 71. Interstate 15 Business has a length of through Blackfoot in central Bingham County. I-15 Bus. begins at I-15 Exit 89 near the northern end of the Fort Hall Indian Reservation and follows US 91 northeast parallel to the Union Pacific Railroad. The highways cross the Blackfoot River into the city of Blackfoot along Broadway Street. In downtown Blackfoot, the routes veer onto Main Street, then I-15", "id": "15434021" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 50 in Maryland\n\n\neastbound exit. Following this interchange, US 50 passes office parks and industrial development in New Carrollton. The highway reaches a hybrid turbine interchange with I-95/I-495, the Capital Beltway. At the I-95/I-495 interchange, the US 50 freeway becomes part of the Interstate Highway System as I-595, which is an unsigned highway. The road heads east as an ten-lane freeway, with the left lane in each direction designated as a high-occupancy vehicle lane (HOV lane). The freeway passes near residential development and", "id": "21110676" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nloop of Interstate 40 is the third business route of I-40 in Oklahoma. It runs northeast along former US 66 from eastbound exit 32 and turns east after the beginning of an overlap with OK 6 that runs along the route until OK 6 turns south at North Main Street. From there it snakes through the northeastern part of the city and after the intersection with OK 34 finally terminates with I-40 at westbound exit 41. The route begins at a left exit in a wye interchange with Interstate 40, which also serves as a connection", "id": "294180" }, { "contents": "Iowa Highway 330\n\n\nused as a connector between Des Moines and the Waterloo–Cedar Falls area. Iowa 330 begins at an interchange with Interstate 80 (I-80), U.S. Route 6 (US 6), and US 65 in Altoona. The I-80 freeway runs east–west; US 6 comes up from the southwest along Hubbell Avenue and joins eastbound I-80 while US 65 exits eastbound I-80 and turns onto Hubbell heading northeast. For the first of its routing, Iowa 330 shares the same roadway with US 65. The two routes head northeast on", "id": "10381823" }, { "contents": "Interstate 180 (Pennsylvania)\n\n\nat an interchange with U.S. Route 15 and U.S. Route 220. The highway begins its signage, concurrent along these routes. At exit 27A, US 15 leaves the overlap running south across the Carl E. Stotz Memorial Little League Bridge and I-180 continues eastward, still concurrent with US 220 northbound. From there, I-180 runs along the West Branch Susquehanna River until the highway reaches the eastern suburbs of Williamsport, where US 220 leaves the Interstate via exit 15. From US 220 to the eastern terminus, I-180 is aligned north–south", "id": "4494305" }, { "contents": "Interstate 76 (Ohio–New Jersey)\n\n\nJersey. After I-76 reaches its eastern terminus, the freeway continues as Route 42 and the Atlantic City Expressway to Atlantic City. I-76 begins at I-71 at exit 209, east of Lodi, Ohio; U.S. Route 224 (US 224) continues west from the end of I-76. The interchange was previously a double trumpet, but was reconstructed in 2010. Officially, I-76 begins at the beginning of the ramp from I-71 north; it merges with US 224 at mile 0.61. After passing through rural Medina County, I-76 enters Summit", "id": "12185505" }, { "contents": "Interstate 215 (Utah)\n\n\ninterchange features a grade-separated ramp from northbound 2000 East to eastbound I-215. Past this junction, another interchange at Union Park Avenue appears. Another grade-separated ramp from Union Park Avenue is present. The freeway enters Murray as an interchange serving westbound motorists connects to 280 East and State Street (U.S. Route 89, or US-89). Eastbound travelers connect to State Street further west at a separate exit. The road turns northwest for a short time to approach a junction at I-15 (often called the South Interchange).", "id": "9551591" }, { "contents": "List of state routes in Connecticut\n\n\n. Routes are signed state highways and are assigned numbers from 1 to 399 (with the exception of I-684 and I-691). All state, U.S. and Interstate highways are part of the same numbering system. In 1926, the U.S. highway system was implemented. U.S. Routes 1, 5, 6, and 7 were used as designations on several primary state highways, replacing New England routes 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. The other New England routes that were not re-designated as U.S. routes became ordinary", "id": "5492536" }, { "contents": "Interstate 291 (Massachusetts)\n\n\ndirectly through highly populated areas of Springfield, and passes under several overpasses. From its southwestern terminus to exit 5A, Interstate 291 is concurrent with U.S. Route 20. I-291 is only from Interstate 291 in Connecticut, and there are no intervening Interstate Highway interchanges between them. It can be easy for travelers to become confused between the two highways. Interstate 291 begins as a spur of Interstate 91 at Exit 8 in Springfield, concurrent with U.S. 20, which merges from the north. The two entry ramps from I-91 merge with each", "id": "1778230" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 15\n\n\nprovides access to the end of the Sprinter commuter train line. Shortly thereafter, I-15 Business intersects County Route S14, and then interchanges with State Route 78. The interchange is the last interchange on the 78 before its freeway status ends, and there are only ramps for a westbound entrance or eastbound exit. Continuing north, I-15 Business intersects with El Norte Parkway, a major arterial road, before reconnecting with Interstate 15 at I-15 exit 34 near the northern city limits of Escondido. Though the street itself continues northward well on into", "id": "15434009" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 9\n\n\nSaybrook to I-91 in Cromwell is known as the \"Chester Bowles Highway\". The section from I-91 in Cromwell to Exit 24 in Berlin is known as the \"Korean War Veterans Memorial Highway\". The section from Route 72 in New Britain to Route 175 in Newington is known as the \"Taras Shevchenko Expressway\". The section from Route 175 in Newington to the junction with I-84 is known as the \"Iwo Jima Memorial Expressway\". The road connecting Deep River (then known as Saybrook) and Wethersfield along the west", "id": "15881247" }, { "contents": "Colorado State Highway 74\n\n\nthe Evergreen Parkway segment to four lanes and constructing an interchange with I-70. SH 74 begins at an interchange with I-70 in El Rancho. Ramps from I-70 westbound branch off the freeway's exit 252 from the north side and cross the highway southwestward. Access to SH 74 from I-70 eastbound is provided via U.S. Highway 40 (US 40) a slight distance to the west. From I-70, the roadway heads southwesterly through El Rancho, meeting an intersection with US 40 (Swede Gulch Road). The route heads westward before turning", "id": "12873578" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 84\n\n\nsoutheast corner of that intersection, and the contemporary but still traditional Brigham City Utah Temple on the southwest corner. UT 13 ends at the southern terminus of the overlap of US 89/91, and BL-15/84 makes a sharp right turn along southbound US 91, while South Main Street is taken over by southbound US 89. US 91/BL-15/84 runs west along West 1100th Street South. BL-15/84 ends at Exit 362, a diverging diamond interchange with I-15/84, while West 1100th Street South continues into the I-15 frontage road, and becomes a dead", "id": "6061977" }, { "contents": "Interstate 384\n\n\naccess to I-384 is provided through a complex interchange that also provides access from Pleasant Valley Road near Buckland Hills Mall and from I-291. I-384's first exit is for Spencer Street. The eastbound ramp is on the I-384 mainline, while the westbound ramp comes from a split in the I-84 interchange ramp. Just east of the Spencer Street overpass, the ramp from westbound I-84 joins the I-384 mainline and the HOV lane becomes a conventional lane. I-384 continues along the southern part of Manchester. It has one interchange before it intersects Route", "id": "10503365" }, { "contents": "Interstate 78 in New Jersey\n\n\ninto Springfield Township. The freeway passes near First Watchung Mountain before coming to the Route 24 interchange, where suburban development becomes more dense. At Route 24, I-78 divides into local and express lanes, with three express and three local lanes eastbound and two express and three local lanes westbound. In this section of the highway, most access is via the local lanes, though the next exit for Route 124 includes a direct westbound onramp to the express lanes. Before Route 124, I-78 briefly runs east through Millburn in Essex County", "id": "16353906" }, { "contents": "California State Route 237\n\n\n85. Westbound traffic can connect to Route 85 southbound, but the eastbound traffic connection to Route 85 northbound is labeled as an exit for U.S. 101. Route 237 intersects with Highway 101 at the southern corner of Moffett Field. After this intersection, a carpool lane is added, for a total of three lanes in either direction. It remains like this until the east end of the freeway at Interstate 880, where most eastbound traffic is directed to northbound I-880. The route then becomes a city street (an arterial road)", "id": "9003349" }, { "contents": "Massachusetts Route 141\n\n\nas Easthampton Road, crossing roads south of Mount Tom. Crossing through the Rock Valley section of Holyoke, the highway passes south of the Whiting Reservoir and Wyckoff Country Club, entering the Smiths Valley section. Through Smiths Valley, Route 141 runs southeast through a residential neighborhood, reaching a ramp to Interstate 91 southbound (I-91 exit 17). After another turn, the route crosses into a trumpet interchange with I-91 northbound, becoming a one-way couplet through downtown Holyoke. Route 141 eastbound runs along Dwight Street while Route 141", "id": "2532205" }, { "contents": "Interstate 295 (Delaware–Pennsylvania)\n\n\nof Penndel. Following this interchange, the freeway runs south-southeast near suburban residential areas as it heads west of Levittown. I-295 enters Bristol Township and terminates at an interchange with I-95 at I-276 (Pennsylvania Turnpike). At this interchange, I-295 merges into southbound I-95, with access from westbound I-295 to southbound I-95 and from northbound I-95 to eastbound I-295; there are no ramps connecting I-295 and the Pennsylvania Turnpike. In the 1927 New Jersey state highway renumbering, Route 39 was legislated to begin at the Yardley–Wilburtha Bridge", "id": "9627779" }, { "contents": "James River Freeway\n\n\n. The portion of the James River Freeway between I-44 and the interchange with US 60 and Route 413 is designated as Route 360. Other than its endpoints, there is only one interchange on the route: Route MM in Brookline (now part of Republic). Exit markers for the highway mark the road as the James River Freeway and have no control cities, only \"To Route 60\" eastbound and \"To I-44\" westbound. The control cities between US 60 and US 65 are Republic westbound and Rogersville eastbound. At", "id": "6615288" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 6 in Rhode Island\n\n\nturns south on the I-295 collector/distributor roads to the west end of that freeway. The south interchange of US 6 and I-295 has numerous ramp stubs once intended for a western continuation of the Roberts Expressway as Interstate 84. The six-lane Roberts Expressway has interchanges with Route 5, U.S. Route 6A, Route 128, and US 6A again on its way to Olneyville. It crosses from Johnston into Providence just west of the bridge over Route 128. At the second US 6A interchange, the older Olneyville Bypass begins,", "id": "21794194" }, { "contents": "Flatbush Avenue Connector\n\n\nstate proposed the corridor as the Cedar Ridge Connector with no number, leading from its current terminus at I-84 to U.S. 5/Route 15 in Wethersfield. The short expressway planned to include an interchange with a planned but cancelled Route 71 expressway leading to New Britain. Circa 2015, the viaduct carrying the northbound ramp to Eastbound I-84 was removed, and a new alignment adjacent to the southbound off ramp from Westbound I-84 was built. Exit 45 is currently an incomplete interchange, with ramps only for I-84 westbound to SR 504 (left", "id": "5839909" }, { "contents": "Interstate 195 (New Jersey)\n\n\ndesignation west and south, along existing I-95 instead. I-195's western terminus is at a modified cloverleaf interchange with I-295 in Hamilton Township, Mercer County, located southeast of the city of Trenton. From this end, the freeway continues north into Trenton as Route 29. I-195 serves as the southern continuation of Route 29, continuing east from I-295 as a six-lane expressway, passing between suburban neighborhoods to the north and the Crosswicks Creek to the south. After the exit for US 206, the highway narrows to four lanes", "id": "14760197" }, { "contents": "Massachusetts Route 25\n\n\nRoute 25 west mainline onto Route 495 north, with the right-hand lane serving I-195 via Exit 1. From I-195, Route 25 east is accessible via Exit 22A; I-195 terminates at the interchange. Interstate 495 also terminates at its junction with Route 25; the two southbound lanes of I-495 default onto Route 25 east. After the interchange with I-195 and I-495, Route 25 begins to head in a southeastern direction into the town of Wareham as a six-lane freeway. The route passes under Tihonet Road and through Maple", "id": "18239659" }, { "contents": "California State Route 56\n\n\ncompleted in 1995 after several lawsuits filed by the Sierra Club and other community groups. The two ends were not connected until the middle portion of the freeway was completed in 2004. The delay was largely due to funding issues and environmental concerns. Eastbound SR 56 begins as a ramp from the northbound I-5's local bypass lanes. The interchange is not complete; southbound I-5 traffic must exit to Carmel Valley Road before entering SR 56. Westbound traffic on SR 56 merges into the southbound I-5 local bypass lanes, which provide access to", "id": "2729277" }, { "contents": "Utah State Route 161\n\n\nState Route 161 (SR-161) is a long state highway, designated as a rural major connector, completely within Millard County in central Utah. The highway connects Interstate 70 (I-70) to I-15 while providing service to historic Cove Fort. The route was once part of U.S. Route 91 (US-91), but was renumbered to SR-161 in the 1970s, in parallel with the construction of I-70. Located entirely in southeastern Millard County, SR-161 starts at a diamond interchange with the westernmost exit on I-70 before it terminates at I-15.", "id": "14472451" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 in Connecticut\n\n\nbrief concurrency with Route 72 to the New Britain city line. From the Route 72 junction through Farmington, West Hartford, and into Hartford, I-84 has many left-hand exits and entrances and sharp curves, which were built for a planned network of freeways. In Farmington, US 6 joins I-84 once again at exit 38, and both meet the northern end of the Route 9 expressway at a half-used multi-level stack interchange that was originally planned to be part of the mostly-cancelled I-291 Hartford Beltway.", "id": "14727150" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 40\n\n\nan interchange. Route 40 begins from northbound I-91 in North Haven as the Exit 10 off-ramp. The designation runs for along the exit ramp. The expressway then proceeds northwest and is joined by on-ramps from Bailey Road and southbound I-91. The I-91 interchange includes an overpass over the Quinnipiac River and railroad tracks. About past the I-91 interchange, the road crosses over another set of railroad tracks, then has an interchange with U.S. Route 5. Access to and from US 5 is via Dixwell Avenue (SR 717", "id": "15644232" }, { "contents": "Interstate 695 (District of Columbia)\n\n\nsome remaining \"To I-395\" signage can still be found along I-695 westbound. The new signs designate I-695 as extending from the point where I-395 branches off from the Southeast Freeway, with I-695 continuing along the Southeast Freeway and over the new 11th Street Bridge to the interchange with I-295. However, some commentators contend the new signage is confusing and that the Southeast Freeway is often confused with Baltimore's Beltway, a highway with the same route designation. The entire route is in Washington, D.C. Exits were unnumbered until July 2014.", "id": "13815020" }, { "contents": "California State Route 91\n\n\nState Route 91 (SR 91) is a major east–west state highway in the U.S. state of California that serves several regions of the Greater Los Angeles urban area. A freeway throughout its entire length, it officially runs from Vermont Avenue in Gardena, just west of the junction with the Harbor Freeway (Interstate 110, I-110), east to Riverside at the junction with the Pomona (SR 60 west of SR 91) and Moreno Valley (SR 60 and I-215 east of SR 91) freeways. Though signs along", "id": "4945631" }, { "contents": "Tennessee State Route 182\n\n\nState Route 182 (abbreviated SR 182) is a secondary state highway in western Dyer County, Tennessee. This route is primarily rural in nature throughout its length. The first of SR 182 from its southern terminus with SR 104 to Interstate 155 is a modern two-lane facility with a speed limit. I-155 ended at Exit 7 during the 1970s and this section of SR 182 also served as a temporary link to SR 104 for eastbound motorists until the freeway was completed to Exit 15. SR 182 north of I-155 to its", "id": "12693771" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 4 in New Hampshire\n\n\nI-93 southbound, and runs along the freeway until Exit 15E in Concord. At this interchange, US-4 leaves I-93 and joins Interstate 393 and U.S. Route 202 which run eastbound out of the city. The two U.S. routes overlap I-393 to its terminus in the northern corner of Pembroke. I-393 then ends, and US-4/US-202 merge onto Route 9 eastbound through Chichester and into Epsom. The road crosses Route 28 at the Epsom Traffic Circle, then continues east and intersects Route 107, forming a long four-route concurrency into Northwood", "id": "19470164" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 9\n\n\nriver, it passes through the towns of Essex, Deep River, Chester, Haddam, and Middletown). After its junction with Interstate 91 in Cromwell, Route 9 continues westward then northward, running through the Hartford area towns/cities of Berlin, New Britain, Newington, and Farmington. At the junction with I-84/US 6 near the Farmington - West Hartford town line, Route 9 follows the ramps for eastbound I-84 and ends at the merge with I-84 immediately after crossing the town line. Route 9 has a non", "id": "15881245" }, { "contents": "Maryland Route 32\n\n\nCSX line) and several industrial parks in Annapolis Junction. MD 32 continues northwest into Savage, where the highway has a cloverleaf interchange with US 1 (Washington Boulevard) that includes collector-distributor lanes in both directions. North of Savage, the freeway has a partial cloverleaf interchange with I-95 that has a pair of left-exiting ramps from westbound MD 32 to southbound I-95 and from eastbound MD 32 to northbound I-95; because of these left exits, I-95 is configured differently in that its southbound lanes pass under MD 32 and", "id": "8470347" }, { "contents": "Interstate 95 in Massachusetts\n\n\nto eight lanes. Then the highway passes through Newton, then enters Weston and has a large interchange with the Massachusetts Turnpike (I-90) that provides connections to nearby Route 30. There is a fourth lane after the interchange with Route 9. Exits 23, 24, and 25 are one combined exit northbound. I-95 and Route 128 are due west of Boston at this point and begin to turn to the northeast, serving the city of Waltham and the town of Lexington along the way. The freeway has an interchange with Route", "id": "18993893" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 372\n\n\nthe Mattabesset River, intersecting I-91 at Exit 21. It then widens to 4 lanes, and intersects the northern end of Route 217. Farther east, it crosses Route 3 before meeting Route 9 once again at Exit 19. It then turns southeast to at an intersection with Route 99 at the Cromwell town center. Route 72 was established in the 1932 state highway renumbering between Route 66 in Middletown and Route 10 Plainville. By the beginning of 1963, after the implementation of the 1962 Route Reclassification Act, Route 72 was extended", "id": "8495485" }, { "contents": "Interstate 664\n\n\nhas a connection to Portsmouth through Virginia State Route 164 (SR 164) and to Suffolk via U.S. Route 13, US 58, and US 460. I-664 begins at a full Y interchange with I-64 and I-264 that serves as the terminus of all three Interstates in the Bowers Hill section of the city of Chesapeake. I-64 heads southeast as a continuation of the Hampton Roads Beltway through Chesapeake while I-264 heads east toward Portsmouth and Norfolk. I-664 heads west as an eight-lane freeway that has a southbound-only exit ramp to", "id": "13145352" }, { "contents": "Virginia State Route 194\n\n\ncloverleaf interchange with I-64 (Hampton Roads Beltway) that only contains ramps in the northeast and southwest quadrants of the interchange. Northbound SR 194 has an exit ramp to and an entrance ramp from westbound I-64. Southbound SR 194 has an exit ramp to and an entrance ramp from eastbound I-64. The missing connections with I-64 are made via SR 247 to the south and SR 165 (Little Creek Road) to the north of the Interstate. North of SR 165, SR 194 becomes a four-lane divided highway north to its", "id": "19152409" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nalphabetic values to allow for future system expansion. The alphabetic naming suffixes are included as small letters on the bottom of reassurance shields. The Glenrio business spur of Interstate 40 begins at I-40 on exit 0 just east of the New Mexico-Texas state line. The highway runs south from the interchange towards Former route 66, then turns west along that decommissioned route where it terminates at the Texas-New Mexico State Line. The Adrian business loop of Interstate 40 begins at I-40 at exit 22 and runs along Former route 66 to", "id": "294158" }, { "contents": "Vermont Route 103\n\n\nand slightly better road across the Green Mountains to Rutland, it is a direct east–west road intersecting Interstate 91 significantly north of the diagonal 103. Numerous proposals to widen 103 into a two-lane freeway or similar limited-access roadway have failed, even though a substantial power company right of way shadows the road for much of its length. VT 103 begins at U.S. Route 5 in Rockingham just east of Interstate 91 and just north of Bellows Falls. From there, it interchanges with I-91 at exit 6 and proceeds", "id": "13506058" } ]

[ { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\nInterstate 691 (I-691) is a portion of the Interstate Highway System in Connecticut beginning at Interstate 91 in Meriden and ending at Interstate 84 near the Cheshire-Southington town line. It is in length, including of the exit ramp to the merge with westbound I-84. I-691 is also known as the Henry D. Altobello Highway for its entire length. I-691 is the main east–west highway of the city of Meriden. The freeway actually begins in Middlefield as Route 66, technically becoming I-691 at the junction with I-91 (Exit", "id": "767379" }, { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\n11). However, westbound signage indicates I-691 begins at the start of the freeway (just west of Exit 13), while eastbound signage shows I-691 ending at the Route 15 interchange (at eastbound Exit 10 about west of the interchange with I-91). To go from I-91 northbound to I-691 westbound (or from I-691 eastbound to I-91 southbound), one must actually use Route 15. Exit 9 westbound provides access to Route 15 North. West of the I-91/Route 15 interchange, I-691 meets US 5, which provides", "id": "767380" }, { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\n66. The highway was extended west to Exit 4 by 1971. The connection to I-84 was eventually completed in 1987, with the renumbering to I-691 done at the same time. The portion east of I-91 remained as Route 66. Environmental and community groups successfully blocked attempts to extend the freeway east of its present terminus due to potential impacts on the Mt. Higby Reservoir, which provides drinking water for the local area. A compromise was reached in the late 1990s allowing CONNDOT to convert Route 66 from a 2-lane road to 4 lanes", "id": "767383" }, { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\nat Exit 4. It then crosses the Quinnipiac River into Cheshire, where it has an interchange with Route 10, then continues west to end at I-84 at the Southington/Cheshire town line. The highway officially ends as it merges into I-84 West. In the 1940s, the I-691 routing was part of a planned US 6A Expressway from Southington to Willimantic. A section of the expressway (from its Middlefield terminus west to Exit 8) first opened in 1966. By 1968, the US 6A designation was dropped in favor of Route", "id": "767382" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 66\n\n\nRoute 66 is a Connecticut state highway running from Meriden to Windham, serving as an alternate east–west route to US 6 through east-central Connecticut. Route 66 officially begins at I-91 in Meriden as the extension of I-691, which officially ends at its interchange with I-91. This freeway portion runs for about into the town of Middlefield, where it becomes a four lane surface road. In Middlefield, it has junctions with the northern end of Route 147, and the southern end of Route 217. It then enters Middletown", "id": "16691092" }, { "contents": "Interstate 91\n\n\nUS 5 begins at the first of its many interchanges with the freeway. Leaving New Haven, I-91 follows a northeastward trek into North Haven, where it meets the southern end of the Route 40 expressway. It travels through the eastern part of Wallingford before entering the eastern part of the city of Meriden. In Meriden, about halfway between Hartford and New Haven, I-91 sees a complex set of interchanges with the Wilbur Cross Parkway (Route 15), the Route 66 expressway, and its first spur route, I-691. I-691", "id": "8976770" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 15\n\n\nmore northeasterly in North Haven. Major junctions include the Milford Parkway (SR 796), a connector providing access to Interstate 95 and US 1 beginning just east of the Sikorsky Bridge; US 5 in Wallingford; and a complex set of interchanges in Meriden providing access to I-91, I-691, and the Route 66 expressway. The parkway ends about a mile north of I-691 as US 5 joins Route 15 and the road becomes a four-lane divided highway with signalized and at-grade intersections known as the Berlin Turnpike. After", "id": "14881517" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 66\n\n\nthe expressway from US 5 in Meriden to Middlefield (where the current expressway ends) opened to traffic. By 1968, the US 6A designation was removed and split into several routes. The section from I-84 in Southington to US 6 in Columbia was renumbered as Route 66, including the newly opened freeway segment. In 1971, another section of the Route 66 freeway opened from between Route 322 and US 5. In 1987, with the completion of the freeway connection to I-84, the section of Route 66 west of I-91 was", "id": "16691099" }, { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\naccess to Route 15 North for eastbound traffic. Exit 7 provides access to Downtown Meriden. Westbound traffic exits onto State Street Extension, while eastbound traffic enters onto Columbia Street. Exits 6 and 5 provide access to Route 71, as well as access to Westfield Meriden. Exit 6 exits to Lewis Avenue, while Exit 5 exits directly to Route 71. From here, I-691 passes along the north side of Hubbard Park as well as by Castle Craig before it crosses into Southington. It then meets the eastern end of Route 322", "id": "767381" }, { "contents": "Interstate 291 (Connecticut)\n\n\nInterstate 291 (I-291) is a short Interstate Highway in the state of Connecticut that starts at I-91 at its junction with Route 218 in Windsor and ends at I-84 in Manchester. It serves as a northeastern bypass of Hartford. The official length of I-291 is , including of the exit ramp to the merge with eastbound I-84. I-291 is also known as the Vietnam Veterans Memorial Highway for its entire length. I-291 begins at I-91 in Windsor at an interchange that also provides access to and from Route 218. Heading southeast, I-291", "id": "4834367" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 in Connecticut\n\n\ncity of Waterbury, where it intersects the Route 8 expressway and crosses the Naugatuck River on an elevated dual-decked viaduct known locally as The Mixmaster. After passing through Cheshire, I-84 intersects the western end of I-691 at the Cheshire–Southington town line, which is also the New Haven–Hartford county line. I-84 turns more northerly for a stretch to exit 31 (Route 229), which provides access to Lake Compounce Amusement Park and ESPN World Headquarters. The freeway heads more northeasterly to Plainville, where it has a", "id": "14727149" }, { "contents": "Interstate 384\n\n\nInterstate 384 (I-384) is an Interstate Highway located entirely within the state of Connecticut. It runs east to west, going from Interstate 84 in East Hartford to U.S. Route 6/U.S. Route 44 in Bolton. I-384 officially begins at I-84 eastbound Exit 59 at the East Hartford/Manchester town line, as the right 2 lanes of traffic split from the I-84 mainline. The highway can also be accessed from the I-84 eastbound HOV lane, and westbound I-384 traffic can also access the HOV lane on westbound I-84. Westbound I-84", "id": "10503364" }, { "contents": "Special routes of U.S. Route 6\n\n\n6A from Plymouth–Farmington, this became US 6A. This US 6A was subsequently extended through Meriden to Willimantic along modern Route 66. An expressway upgrade was planned for this US 6A. Only a portion of the highway was built and is now I-691. U.S. Route 6A (US 6A) between Coventry and Windham was designated when New England Interstate Route 3 (NE-3) was deleted. The route was swapped with the old US 6 in 1939 and finally deleted in 1942 when US 6A became Route 31. U.S. Route 6A (US", "id": "10795785" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 (Pennsylvania–Massachusetts)\n\n\nNew Milford. Route 6 leaves the interstate at the next exit, and I-84 continues east across the countryside. At Exit 11, it turns to the northeast and descends to cross the Housatonic River on the Rochambeau Bridge, into New Haven County. It then climbs onto higher ground to the city of Waterbury, which it passes on an elevated viaduct with the eastbound and westbound lanes on different levels. Here the CT 8 expressway intersects. The eastern heading continues past Waterbury to Milldale, where Interstate 691 splits off to the east", "id": "12185438" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 120\n\n\nRoute 120 is a state highway in Connecticut, running entirely in the town of Southington. It serves as a more direct connection between the town center of Southington and the city of Meriden. Route 120 begins at an intersection with Route 322 in southeastern Southington, just west of the Meriden city line and about from an interchange with I-691. It heads in a northwest direction, crossing Misery Brook about later, passing by the St. Thomas Cemetery, then intersecting with Route 364 after another . Route 120 ends at an intersection with Route", "id": "21983096" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 322\n\n\nmeets Route 10 at a grade separated intersection. It briefly crosses into Cheshire before crossing the Quinnipiac River and reentering southeastern Southington. It meets the southern end of Route 120 before ending at an interchange with I-691 near the Southington-Meriden town line. The road continues into Meriden as West Main Street. Route 322 was established in 1963, running from Route 69 to then US 6A (Meriden Road) in Wolcott. The year before becoming a signed route, Route 322 was taken over by the state and designated as unsigned SR", "id": "8420887" }, { "contents": "Interstate 91\n\n\n. As such, it is almost always heavily trafficked (especially during rush hour), and maintains at least three lanes in each direction through Connecticut except for a short portion in Hartford at the interchange with I-84 and in Meriden at the interchange with Route 15. The three cities also serve as Connecticut's control points along its length of the Interstate. I-91 begins just east of downtown New Haven at an interchange with I-95 (the Connecticut Turnpike), and Route 34. At the bottom of the ramp for exit 5,", "id": "8976769" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 66\n\n\nIt ran from the Milldale section of Southington, via Meriden and Middletown, to Willimantic. In the 1932 state highway renumbering, old Highway 111 was designated as part of Route 14, which extended from Woodbury to the Rhode Island state line. In 1941, the section of Route 14 from Woodbury to Willimantic was redesignated as US 6A, connecting at US 6 on both ends. In the early 1960s, plans for constructing a US 6A expressway between I-84 in Southington and Willimantic were announced. By 1966, a short portion of", "id": "16691098" }, { "contents": "Interstate 66\n\n\nfrom eastbound I-66 to the West Falls Church Metro station at the Leesburg Pike (Virginia State Route 7) interchange and will provide a new bridge for the W&OD Trail over Lee Highway (Virginia State Route 29). In Washington D.C., I-66 was planned to extend east of its current terminus along the North Leg of the Inner Loop freeway. I-66 would have also met the eastern terminus of a planned Interstate 266 at US 29, and the western terminus of the South Leg Freeway (I-695) at US 50; I-266 would", "id": "9038810" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 10\n\n\n. It then turns north onto Dixwell Avenue, and intersects the Wilbur Cross Parkway (Route 15) at Exit 60. In the center of Hamden, it turns onto Whitney Avenue. Proceeding northward, it encounters the northern end of the Route 40 freeway and the western end of Route 22 . In Cheshire, it meets the eastern end of Route 42, and has a brief triplex with Routes 68 and 70. At the north end of town is a junction with I-691 at Exit 3. It then enters Southington, where", "id": "16098035" }, { "contents": "Interstate 80 in Iowa\n\n\nthe east at the Jordan Creek Parkway exit. The highway adds a third lane eastbound and drops the third lane westbound. Almost to the east is the interchange with I-35, which also marks the beginning of I-235. Eastbound I-80 exits the freeway via a flyover ramp to northbound I-35; eastbound I-235 begins as the continuation of the I-80 freeway. Locally, this exit is called the West Mixmaster. I-80 shares the next with I-35 on a six-lane freeway where each direction's three lanes are separated by a Jersey barrier.", "id": "3837266" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 68\n\n\nto its junction with I-91 at Exit 15. After overpassing I-91 and passing a couple of business parks, Route 68 becomes a 2 lane road once again. It then enters Durham, where it passes the southern end of Route 157 before ending at Route 17 in the center of town. The road connecting Naugatuck and Cheshire was designated in 1922 as State Highway 325. In the 1932 state highway renumbering, former Highway 325 was renumbered to Route 68. The route was later extended east to Middlefield in 1966 along former SR 607", "id": "3645090" }, { "contents": "Interstate 480 (Nebraska–Iowa)\n\n\nLeavenworth neighborhood from the Old Market neighborhood. Shortly after the Leavenworth Street exit is the Harney Street exit, which provides access to U.S. Route 6 from eastbound I-480. before the North Freeway interchange, I-480 passes beneath Dodge and Douglas Streets, which are the westbound and eastbound lanes of U.S. 6, respectively. Just to the southwest of the Creighton University campus is the North Freeway interchange, where US 75 leaves eastbound I-480 and joins westbound. The North Freeway was originally planned to be an Interstate Highway, \"I-580\", connecting", "id": "10317788" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nExit 110 leading to the I-40 frontage road along the eastbound lanes, which suddenly becomes a divided highway named \"Route 66.\" The first intersection is a connecting road to the parts of the interchange with the eastbound on-ramp, as well as the frontage roads along the westbound lanes, leading to the western terminus of the business loop. Shortly after this is the barely paved Carson County Road BB. The divided highway ends just west of TX FM 295 and Carson County Road CC (Western Avenue), and gains", "id": "294168" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 in New York\n\n\n6 and 202 closely parallel I-84 to the north, between the freeway and one of the upper basins of East Branch Reservoir, part of New York City's water supply system. The northern terminus of NY 121 lets eastbound traffic on and westbound traffic off. Two miles (3.2 km) to the east, Signs appear for Saw Mill Road, exit 1 on Connecticut's stretch of I-84, and its ramps leave the highway just a hundred feet (30 m) before the state line. The route of I-84 through the", "id": "995373" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 34\n\n\nLegion Avenue, later becoming South Frontage Road (former Oak Street), while westbound Route 34 uses North Frontage Road. The eastbound section running along Legion Avenue and South Frontage Road (1.03 miles) is town-maintained. The corresponding westbound section along North Frontage Road is officially designated as State Road 706 but is signed as Route 34 West. Route 34 then continues along the Oak Street Connector, a six-lane freeway that connects to I-91 and I-95. The freeway portion has two westbound exits and three eastbound entrances,", "id": "5492586" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nfor BL-40, because south of this intersection is an approach to a westbound on-eastbound off wye interchange with I-40. Immediately after this intersection, BL-40 ends at an eastbound on-westbound off wye interchange with I-40. The Clinton business loop of Interstate 40 is the fourth business route of I-40 in Oklahoma, running from exit 65 to exit 69, although only part of the route runs along former US 66. The route begins at exit 65, which is an eastbound flyover with no re-entry, and a westbound", "id": "294183" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nand maintenance facility, and then leaves the frontage road at the on ramp to eastbound I-40, where it meets its terminus. The frontage roads along both sides of I-40 continue through three more interchanges before crossing the Texas-Oklahoma State Line. The Erick business loop of Interstate 40 is the first business route of I-40 in Oklahoma. It begins on exit 5 (Honeyfarm Drive) and runs south into North 1720th Road until that street ends at a four-lane divided highway known as East 1240th Road (former Route 66)", "id": "294176" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 542\n\n\nRoute 542 (also known as Ferguson Road) is a state road in northern Connecticut. It is contained inside the town of Vernon. It runs from Route 533 to Route 541. Route 542 begins at Route 543 (Tunnel Road) in the central portion of the town of Vernon. It then heads east for about before intersecting with exit 66 on Interstate 84 (I-84}. Only travelers on westbound I-84 can exit onto Route 542, and that travelers on Route 542 can only get onto westbound I-84. About from the", "id": "1160744" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 71\n\n\nas it intersects West Main Street. While southbound traffic may continue from West Main Street onto Cook Avenue, northbound traffic must turn right onto Hanover Street, then left onto South Grove Street, and left onto West Main Street to continue. Once reunited, Route 71 proceeds west on West Main Street before turning north onto Chamberlain Highway. It then crosses I-691 at Exit 5, with access to and from the west. It then crosses into Berlin, passing the eastern end of Route 364 before turning northeast as the Chamberlain Highway becomes", "id": "18857060" }, { "contents": "Interstate 91\n\n\nparallels the river, never more than from its shore. I-91 then enters the Hartford city limits. In Hartford, I-91 it has a set of interchanges with US 5/Route 15 (Wilbur Cross Highway), which provides access from I-91 north to I-84 east, and from I-84 west to I-91 south via the Charter Oak Bridge. I-91 then has an interchange with I-84, where all other movements to and from I-84 take place. Before leaving the city limits, an HOV lane begins that has its own set of interchanges", "id": "8976772" }, { "contents": "Interstate 210 (Louisiana)\n\n\nShip Channel. At the southeastern end of the bridge, the highway meets with exit 3, Prien Lake Road, eastbound. I-210 heads east through Lake Charles, turning 90 degrees at exit 8, LA 14/Gerstner Memorial Drive. The highway then heads north towards its eastern terminus with I-10 just east of Lake Charles. Though portions of the freeway run north-south, the entire route is signed east-west. All of I-210 is included as part of the National Highway System, a system of roadways important to", "id": "2671252" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 95 in California\n\n\nChemehuevi Mountains before entering the city of Needles after several miles. After passing the Needles Municipal Airport, US 95 merges onto I-40 westbound and continues through Needles on the freeway. US 95 exits from I-40 west of Needles and continues northwest to Searchlight Junction, where US 95 continues north at the junction with the old routing of US 66. The highway continues north, east of Homer Mountain, to the Nevada state line. US 95 is part of the California Freeway and Expressway System, and a small portion near I-10 and the", "id": "21402148" }, { "contents": "Interstate 66\n\n\nInterstate 66 (I-66) is an Interstate Highway in the eastern United States. As indicated by its even route number, it runs in an east–west direction. Its current western terminus is near Middletown, Virginia, at an interchange with I-81; its eastern terminus is in Washington, D.C., at an interchange with U.S. Route 29. Because of its terminus in the Shenandoah Valley, the highway was once called the \"Shenandoah Freeway.\" Much of the route parallels U.S. Route 29 or Virginia State Route 55. Interstate", "id": "9038774" }, { "contents": "Interstate 95 in Connecticut\n\n\nof around 150,000 throughout the entire length between the New York state line and the junction with I-91 in New Haven. The Turnpike intersects with several major expressways, namely US 7 at Exit 15 in Norwalk, Route 8 and Route 25 at Exit 27A in Bridgeport (quickest way to I-84 from southwest CT), the Merritt and Wilbur Cross Parkways at Exit 38 (via the Milford Parkway) in Milford, and Interstate 91 at Exit 48 in New Haven. North (east) of I-91, the Turnpike continues along the Connecticut", "id": "5620386" }, { "contents": "Missouri Route 96\n\n\nRoute 96 was redesignated as Route YY west of Route 171 when Kansas deleted the eastern part of K-96. Route 96 begins at a partial interchange with Interstate 44 (I-44) just west of Halltown (there is no access to westbound I-44 or from eastbound I-44). The highway is a two-lane road and is relatively straight all the way to Carthage. Approximately west of I-44 is the western terminus of Route 266. Approximately further west, Route 96 is joined by Historic Route 66. At Albatross, is an intersection", "id": "11824778" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nI-40, and the former segment of US 66 along the north side continues as one of the two I-40 frontage roads. The Amarillo business loop of Interstate 40 begins at I-40 exit 62A just west of Amarillo. The highway was formerly a business route for Route 66, being that highway's only bannered route in Texas. Bus. I-40 D is known locally as Amarillo Boulevard and is the longest buisness route of Interstate 40. Bus. I-40 D begins at Interstate 40 exit 62A just west of Amarillo near Cadillac Ranch. The", "id": "294164" }, { "contents": "Interstate 540 and North Carolina Highway 540\n\n\nto the Western Wake Freeway and future Southern and Eastern Wake Freeways. As of January 2013, the North Carolina state route traverses east–west from I-40, in Durham County to NC 55, in Holly Springs. Initially intended to be signed as an extension of the I-540 loop, the first section of the route bears mile markers and exit numbers for the complete Interstate loop, going from 66 to 69. In Mid-2012, this section of the beltway became part of the Triangle Expressway. No portion of I-540 is tolled.", "id": "6204061" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 229\n\n\nRoute 229 is a state highway in the western Greater Hartford area of the U.S. state of Connecticut. It runs north–south from Interstate 84 in Southington to U.S. Route 6 in Bristol. Along the way, it intersects Route 72 in the Forestville section of Bristol. Route 229 nominally begins at the end of the eastbound Exit 31 off-ramp of I-84 in western Southington, heading northward along West Street. State maintenance and the official southern end of Route 229 actually begins about south of the off-ramp. West Street", "id": "7429975" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nwhich focuses on the roads former status as Route 66. The commercial strip ends after a dirt road named North Tennessee Street. \"Route 66\" splits from East 12th Street at an intersection that's another connecting road to the eastbound off-ramp of Exit 164, the then runs over the overpass above I-40 to turn right at the frontage road along the westbound lanes leading to the western beginning of the business loop. Eastbound Business Interstate Route 40-J narrows down to a two-lane undivided highway before passing by a TxDOT construction", "id": "294175" }, { "contents": "Highway revolts in the United States\n\n\nInterstate 291 beltway west of Interstate 91, the proposed Interstate 484 expressway through the downtown, and the proposed Interstate 284 expressway between East Hartford and South Windsor, and Interstate 491 from Wethersfield to Manchester. After these freeways were cancelled, the State of Connecticut used the funds allocated for their construction to rebuild and expand existing freeways in the Greater Hartford area. In 1992 the Route 9 Expressway was extended north from I-91 in New Britain to Interstate 84 in Farmington, completing what would have been the southwest quadrant of the I-291 beltway;", "id": "256037" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 in Connecticut\n\n\nthe northern end of the Route 15 expressway, it inherits the Wilbur Cross Highway name for the rest of its length. From 1968 until 1984, the I-84 designation ended here, and the highway became I-86 for the rest of its length, as I-84 was once planned to be built east toward Providence, Rhode Island. I-84 intersects one of the remnants of the abandoned project, I-384, as part of a series of complex interchanges in Manchester including the end of the US 6 concurrency at exit 60, and a connection to", "id": "14727152" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nfrontage roads along the westbound lanes leading to the western beginning of the business loop, and an unorthodox roadside attraction known as the Leaning Tower of Texas. Business Interstate Route 40-F ends at the on ramp to eastbound I-40, as does the divided former US 66, which is converted back into the frontage road along the eastbound lanes of I-40. The McLean business loop of Interstate 40 runs from exit 141 to 143. Officially designated as Business Interstate 40-H by the Texas Department of Transportation, it begins at I-40 at an eastbound flyover", "id": "294170" }, { "contents": "Maryland Route 53\n\n\nstate highway then meets its northern terminus at an intersection with US 40 Alternate in La Vale. Access to westbound I-68 is provided a short distance to the east on US 40 Alternate. MD 53 is part of US 220 Truck, which provides access from Interstate 68 (I-68) west of La Vale to southbound US 220 for trucks due to a truck prohibition on the eastbound exit ramp for I-68's interchange with US 220. The state highway is part of the main National Highway System from US 220 to I-68; in addition", "id": "11898711" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 84\n\n\nend street at the truck stop along the aforementioned frontage road. Interstate 84 Business was a business loop of I-84 along in Morgan, Utah. It ran north along Utah State Route 66 at Exit 103 (State Street) to East 600th Street running along the north side of I-84 until the former westbound-off-ramp and eastbound on-ramp that was once westbound Exit 103 until the mid-1990s. Interstate 84 Business was a business loop of I-84 along in Henefer, Utah. It ran southeast along the southwest side of I-84", "id": "6061978" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 5 in Connecticut\n\n\nStreet becomes Broad Street after the intersection with Hall Avenue as it passes by the eastern part of the city, avoiding the downtown area. Past Olive Street, the road becomes divided with a wide grassy median. At the north end of the divided section, it has an intersection with East Main Street, the main east–west business route through the city. About north of East Main Street, US 5 has an interchange with I-691 (at exit 8). At the intersection with Brittania Street, the road becomes North Broad", "id": "5428414" }, { "contents": "Interstate 91\n\n\nthe river can also be easily accessed in this stretch. At exit 19 is the northern terminus of I-93, a major interstate highway in New England, which provides a direct route south through the White Mountains and to almost all major cities in New Hampshire. Just after exit 19, there are three exits for St. Johnsbury, including a major intersection with US 2. Along westbound US 2, the capital of Vermont, Montpelier, is eventually reached from I-91, although I-89 provides Montpelier with immediate Interstate access. I-91 continues northward", "id": "8976783" }, { "contents": "Massachusetts Turnpike\n\n\nand the seventh-longest gap between exits in the entire Interstate Highway System. The highest elevation on the turnpike exists in The Berkshires, reaching above sea level in Becket; this point is also the highest elevation on I-90 east of South Dakota. Beyond the peak elevation and between the exits, an eastbound runaway truck ramp exists in Russell. The turnpike has an interchange with I-91 and US 5 at exit 4 in West Springfield; it passes over the Connecticut River before reaching Route 33 at exit 5 and I-291 at exit 6", "id": "8595595" }, { "contents": "County Route 66 (California)\n\n\ncrossing paths with the freeway again at Fenner, before heading east on Goffs Road to the junction with US 95. Next, CR 66 cosigns along US 95 south to the junction with I-40, where both the US and county routes cosign with I-40 heading east towards Needles. CR 66 exits the freeway at River Road Cutoff, where it immediately turns onto National Trails Highway after exiting. The route follows National Trails Highway to its end on River Road, then begins its southeast journey into downtown Needles. After an interchange with I-40", "id": "21979064" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 (Pennsylvania–Massachusetts)\n\n\n. This section has many left-hand exits and entrances and sharp curves, which were built for a planned network of freeways. I-84 heads northeast towards New Britain and Hartford, the state capital and the largest community along its eastern length. After intersecting Interstate 91, the road crosses the Connecticut River on the Bulkeley Bridge, oldest on the Interstate system, then becomes the Wilbur Cross Highway and continues towards the northeast. The last exit in Connecticut is Exit 74, an exit for Route 171. I-84 crosses the Massachusetts border", "id": "12185439" }, { "contents": "Rhode Island Route 4\n\n\n. After exit 7, Route 4 continues northward as a six-lane expressway, passing farmlands to the west and entering a suburban region of East Greenwich. The highway crosses under an overpass at Middle Road before interchanging with Route 401, the freeway's final spur, at another partial cloverleaf interchange. Exit 8 is also used to access Route 2 and I-95 south, which has no direct freeway connection with Route 4 north. Shortly after exit 8, the Route 4 designation ends and the mainline of the highway defaults onto I-95", "id": "14737226" }, { "contents": "Cromwell, Connecticut\n\n\nis land and (4.03%) is water. A major north/south highway, Interstate 91, with two Cromwell exits, runs through the Town. The Central Connecticut Expressway (Route 9), opened at the end of 1989, enhances the Town's location as it connects I-95 in Old Saybrook, I-91 in Cromwell and I-84, the State's major east/west highway in New Britain. As of the census of 2010, there were 14,005 people, 5,212 households, and 3,262 families residing in the town.", "id": "17977773" }, { "contents": "Interstate 190 (South Dakota)\n\n\n16 westbound goes east on Omaha Street and eastbound runs north concurrently with I-190. I-190 then becomes a freeway, with an exit to North Street. I-190 then passes under Anamosa Street before an on-ramp from the northbound lanes of West Boulevard. Both US 16 and I-190 then terminate at a trumpet interchange with I-90/US 14/SD 79. Legally, the route of I-190 is defined at South Dakota Codified Laws § 31-4-203. I-190 was opened in 1962 to connect Rapid City to the recently completed", "id": "2672231" }, { "contents": "Interstate 210 and State Route 210 (California)\n\n\nfor the interchange between State Route 57 and the Foothill Freeway, Interstate 210. The \"curve\" portion refers to the interchange from the northbound lanes of State Route 57 to the westbound lanes of I-210, and from the eastbound lanes of I-210 to the southbound lanes of State Route 57. The origin of the name comes from its location in the city of Glendora. Prior to 2002, this interchange was entirely part of I-210, and the eastern terminus of I-210 ended several miles south of the curve at the Kellogg Interchange at", "id": "2671217" }, { "contents": "Interstate 78 in New Jersey\n\n\nEntering more commercial areas, Route 173 merges onto I-78/US 22 at exit 13. At exit 15, the highway interchanges with CR 513, and Route 173 splits from I-78/US 22 by heading north on CR 513. At this point, the freeway enters Franklin Township briefly at exit 15 and then enters Clinton where it crosses the South Branch Raritan River. I-78/US 22 turns northeast and leaves Clinton for Clinton Township, where it has an eastbound exit and westbound entrance for Route 173 that also provides access to", "id": "16353900" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 15\n\n\nlimits, the business route veers onto Center Street and follows that through the center of town. At the north end of the city, I-15 Bus. turns west and runs concurrently with US 30 to its northern end at I-15 Exit 47. Interstate 15 Business runs for exactly through Inkom in northern Bannock County. I-15 Bus. mostly follows Old Highway 91 between Exits 57 and 58, a pair of partial interchanges. Interstate 15 Business spans through Pocatello in northern Bannock County. I-15 Bus. begins at I-15 Exit 67, where", "id": "15434019" }, { "contents": "Interstate 10 in California\n\n\nI-10 down Interstate 5 between the East LA Interchange and the Santa Monica Freeway, negating a section of the San Bernardino Freeway west of I-5. This short section of Route 10 between Route 5 and Route 101, which was formerly defined as Route 110 (signed as Interstate 110) until 1968, is signed overhead for I-10 eastbound and for U.S. 101 westbound. This I-5/I-10 cosigning is consistent with the Federal Highway Administration's Interstate Highway route logs that such an overlap exists for the segment of I-10 in California. I-10 is", "id": "10298840" }, { "contents": "Nevada State Route 425\n\n\ncenter of Verdi, then southeast to its terminus at the I-80 East Verdi interchange (Exit 5). Although designated a state route and an Interstate business route, there are no route shields posted along the highway itself. The I-80 business route extends beyond the end of SR 425. From the highway's western terminus, I-80 Business follows Gold Ranch Road an additional south to end at an I-80 westbound onramp. The highway originally carried State Route 1 and later U.S. Route 40 on its trek west from Reno over Donner Pass towards", "id": "5840323" }, { "contents": "Interstate 516\n\n\ncurrent western terminus of I-516. In 1985, the entire highway from its then-current western terminus at Burnsed Blvd to Montgomery Street was designated as I-516. The freeway portion was extended westward to the interchange with SR 25 (Burnsed Blvd) and eastward to the current eastern terminus. Also US 17/SR 25 and US 80/SR 26 were re-routed along the freeway, from the West Bay Street exit to the Ogeechee Road exit. In 1995, US 17 had a major re-routing through the city", "id": "10860994" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 15\n\n\nState Route 28. Interstate 15 Business is a Business loop of Interstate 15 in Bringham City, and is also concurrent with Business Loop 84. It runs from an interchange at Exit 362 on I-15/84 at first along U.S. Route 91 to the intersection with U.S. Route 89 and UT 13. US 91 continues east along US 89, while BL 15/84 turns left to go north along UT 13 (South Main Street). Further in town, the road serves as the west end of Utah State Route 90. At Forest Street,", "id": "15434015" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 95 in Nevada\n\n\nthe Henderson Spaghetti Bowl (also known as the Hender-Bender) interchange of Interstate 215 and SR 564 and Interstate 515 begins. The freeway then heads west into Downtown Las Vegas, where it intersects Interstate 15. At the Spaghetti Bowl interchange, US 93 follows I-15 northbound and I-515 ends. US 95 heads west, then north at the Rainbow Curve. The freeway portion then ends at Corn Creek Road northwest of the Las Vegas Valley and then it becomes a brief four-lane divided highway. US 95 exits Clark County", "id": "7359006" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 15\n\n\nwhen it turns east onto Alameda Road, which becomes Pocatello Creek Road when it veers northeast to the business route's terminus at I-15 Exit 71. Interstate 15 Business has a length of through Blackfoot in central Bingham County. I-15 Bus. begins at I-15 Exit 89 near the northern end of the Fort Hall Indian Reservation and follows US 91 northeast parallel to the Union Pacific Railroad. The highways cross the Blackfoot River into the city of Blackfoot along Broadway Street. In downtown Blackfoot, the routes veer onto Main Street, then I-15", "id": "15434021" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 50 in Maryland\n\n\neastbound exit. Following this interchange, US 50 passes office parks and industrial development in New Carrollton. The highway reaches a hybrid turbine interchange with I-95/I-495, the Capital Beltway. At the I-95/I-495 interchange, the US 50 freeway becomes part of the Interstate Highway System as I-595, which is an unsigned highway. The road heads east as an ten-lane freeway, with the left lane in each direction designated as a high-occupancy vehicle lane (HOV lane). The freeway passes near residential development and", "id": "21110676" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nloop of Interstate 40 is the third business route of I-40 in Oklahoma. It runs northeast along former US 66 from eastbound exit 32 and turns east after the beginning of an overlap with OK 6 that runs along the route until OK 6 turns south at North Main Street. From there it snakes through the northeastern part of the city and after the intersection with OK 34 finally terminates with I-40 at westbound exit 41. The route begins at a left exit in a wye interchange with Interstate 40, which also serves as a connection", "id": "294180" }, { "contents": "Iowa Highway 330\n\n\nused as a connector between Des Moines and the Waterloo–Cedar Falls area. Iowa 330 begins at an interchange with Interstate 80 (I-80), U.S. Route 6 (US 6), and US 65 in Altoona. The I-80 freeway runs east–west; US 6 comes up from the southwest along Hubbell Avenue and joins eastbound I-80 while US 65 exits eastbound I-80 and turns onto Hubbell heading northeast. For the first of its routing, Iowa 330 shares the same roadway with US 65. The two routes head northeast on", "id": "10381823" }, { "contents": "Interstate 180 (Pennsylvania)\n\n\nat an interchange with U.S. Route 15 and U.S. Route 220. The highway begins its signage, concurrent along these routes. At exit 27A, US 15 leaves the overlap running south across the Carl E. Stotz Memorial Little League Bridge and I-180 continues eastward, still concurrent with US 220 northbound. From there, I-180 runs along the West Branch Susquehanna River until the highway reaches the eastern suburbs of Williamsport, where US 220 leaves the Interstate via exit 15. From US 220 to the eastern terminus, I-180 is aligned north–south", "id": "4494305" }, { "contents": "Interstate 76 (Ohio–New Jersey)\n\n\nJersey. After I-76 reaches its eastern terminus, the freeway continues as Route 42 and the Atlantic City Expressway to Atlantic City. I-76 begins at I-71 at exit 209, east of Lodi, Ohio; U.S. Route 224 (US 224) continues west from the end of I-76. The interchange was previously a double trumpet, but was reconstructed in 2010. Officially, I-76 begins at the beginning of the ramp from I-71 north; it merges with US 224 at mile 0.61. After passing through rural Medina County, I-76 enters Summit", "id": "12185505" }, { "contents": "Interstate 215 (Utah)\n\n\ninterchange features a grade-separated ramp from northbound 2000 East to eastbound I-215. Past this junction, another interchange at Union Park Avenue appears. Another grade-separated ramp from Union Park Avenue is present. The freeway enters Murray as an interchange serving westbound motorists connects to 280 East and State Street (U.S. Route 89, or US-89). Eastbound travelers connect to State Street further west at a separate exit. The road turns northwest for a short time to approach a junction at I-15 (often called the South Interchange).", "id": "9551591" }, { "contents": "List of state routes in Connecticut\n\n\n. Routes are signed state highways and are assigned numbers from 1 to 399 (with the exception of I-684 and I-691). All state, U.S. and Interstate highways are part of the same numbering system. In 1926, the U.S. highway system was implemented. U.S. Routes 1, 5, 6, and 7 were used as designations on several primary state highways, replacing New England routes 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. The other New England routes that were not re-designated as U.S. routes became ordinary", "id": "5492536" }, { "contents": "Interstate 291 (Massachusetts)\n\n\ndirectly through highly populated areas of Springfield, and passes under several overpasses. From its southwestern terminus to exit 5A, Interstate 291 is concurrent with U.S. Route 20. I-291 is only from Interstate 291 in Connecticut, and there are no intervening Interstate Highway interchanges between them. It can be easy for travelers to become confused between the two highways. Interstate 291 begins as a spur of Interstate 91 at Exit 8 in Springfield, concurrent with U.S. 20, which merges from the north. The two entry ramps from I-91 merge with each", "id": "1778230" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 15\n\n\nprovides access to the end of the Sprinter commuter train line. Shortly thereafter, I-15 Business intersects County Route S14, and then interchanges with State Route 78. The interchange is the last interchange on the 78 before its freeway status ends, and there are only ramps for a westbound entrance or eastbound exit. Continuing north, I-15 Business intersects with El Norte Parkway, a major arterial road, before reconnecting with Interstate 15 at I-15 exit 34 near the northern city limits of Escondido. Though the street itself continues northward well on into", "id": "15434009" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 9\n\n\nSaybrook to I-91 in Cromwell is known as the \"Chester Bowles Highway\". The section from I-91 in Cromwell to Exit 24 in Berlin is known as the \"Korean War Veterans Memorial Highway\". The section from Route 72 in New Britain to Route 175 in Newington is known as the \"Taras Shevchenko Expressway\". The section from Route 175 in Newington to the junction with I-84 is known as the \"Iwo Jima Memorial Expressway\". The road connecting Deep River (then known as Saybrook) and Wethersfield along the west", "id": "15881247" }, { "contents": "Colorado State Highway 74\n\n\nthe Evergreen Parkway segment to four lanes and constructing an interchange with I-70. SH 74 begins at an interchange with I-70 in El Rancho. Ramps from I-70 westbound branch off the freeway's exit 252 from the north side and cross the highway southwestward. Access to SH 74 from I-70 eastbound is provided via U.S. Highway 40 (US 40) a slight distance to the west. From I-70, the roadway heads southwesterly through El Rancho, meeting an intersection with US 40 (Swede Gulch Road). The route heads westward before turning", "id": "12873578" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 84\n\n\nsoutheast corner of that intersection, and the contemporary but still traditional Brigham City Utah Temple on the southwest corner. UT 13 ends at the southern terminus of the overlap of US 89/91, and BL-15/84 makes a sharp right turn along southbound US 91, while South Main Street is taken over by southbound US 89. US 91/BL-15/84 runs west along West 1100th Street South. BL-15/84 ends at Exit 362, a diverging diamond interchange with I-15/84, while West 1100th Street South continues into the I-15 frontage road, and becomes a dead", "id": "6061977" }, { "contents": "Interstate 384\n\n\naccess to I-384 is provided through a complex interchange that also provides access from Pleasant Valley Road near Buckland Hills Mall and from I-291. I-384's first exit is for Spencer Street. The eastbound ramp is on the I-384 mainline, while the westbound ramp comes from a split in the I-84 interchange ramp. Just east of the Spencer Street overpass, the ramp from westbound I-84 joins the I-384 mainline and the HOV lane becomes a conventional lane. I-384 continues along the southern part of Manchester. It has one interchange before it intersects Route", "id": "10503365" }, { "contents": "Interstate 78 in New Jersey\n\n\ninto Springfield Township. The freeway passes near First Watchung Mountain before coming to the Route 24 interchange, where suburban development becomes more dense. At Route 24, I-78 divides into local and express lanes, with three express and three local lanes eastbound and two express and three local lanes westbound. In this section of the highway, most access is via the local lanes, though the next exit for Route 124 includes a direct westbound onramp to the express lanes. Before Route 124, I-78 briefly runs east through Millburn in Essex County", "id": "16353906" }, { "contents": "California State Route 237\n\n\n85. Westbound traffic can connect to Route 85 southbound, but the eastbound traffic connection to Route 85 northbound is labeled as an exit for U.S. 101. Route 237 intersects with Highway 101 at the southern corner of Moffett Field. After this intersection, a carpool lane is added, for a total of three lanes in either direction. It remains like this until the east end of the freeway at Interstate 880, where most eastbound traffic is directed to northbound I-880. The route then becomes a city street (an arterial road)", "id": "9003349" }, { "contents": "Massachusetts Route 141\n\n\nas Easthampton Road, crossing roads south of Mount Tom. Crossing through the Rock Valley section of Holyoke, the highway passes south of the Whiting Reservoir and Wyckoff Country Club, entering the Smiths Valley section. Through Smiths Valley, Route 141 runs southeast through a residential neighborhood, reaching a ramp to Interstate 91 southbound (I-91 exit 17). After another turn, the route crosses into a trumpet interchange with I-91 northbound, becoming a one-way couplet through downtown Holyoke. Route 141 eastbound runs along Dwight Street while Route 141", "id": "2532205" }, { "contents": "Interstate 295 (Delaware–Pennsylvania)\n\n\nof Penndel. Following this interchange, the freeway runs south-southeast near suburban residential areas as it heads west of Levittown. I-295 enters Bristol Township and terminates at an interchange with I-95 at I-276 (Pennsylvania Turnpike). At this interchange, I-295 merges into southbound I-95, with access from westbound I-295 to southbound I-95 and from northbound I-95 to eastbound I-295; there are no ramps connecting I-295 and the Pennsylvania Turnpike. In the 1927 New Jersey state highway renumbering, Route 39 was legislated to begin at the Yardley–Wilburtha Bridge", "id": "9627779" }, { "contents": "James River Freeway\n\n\n. The portion of the James River Freeway between I-44 and the interchange with US 60 and Route 413 is designated as Route 360. Other than its endpoints, there is only one interchange on the route: Route MM in Brookline (now part of Republic). Exit markers for the highway mark the road as the James River Freeway and have no control cities, only \"To Route 60\" eastbound and \"To I-44\" westbound. The control cities between US 60 and US 65 are Republic westbound and Rogersville eastbound. At", "id": "6615288" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 6 in Rhode Island\n\n\nturns south on the I-295 collector/distributor roads to the west end of that freeway. The south interchange of US 6 and I-295 has numerous ramp stubs once intended for a western continuation of the Roberts Expressway as Interstate 84. The six-lane Roberts Expressway has interchanges with Route 5, U.S. Route 6A, Route 128, and US 6A again on its way to Olneyville. It crosses from Johnston into Providence just west of the bridge over Route 128. At the second US 6A interchange, the older Olneyville Bypass begins,", "id": "21794194" }, { "contents": "Flatbush Avenue Connector\n\n\nstate proposed the corridor as the Cedar Ridge Connector with no number, leading from its current terminus at I-84 to U.S. 5/Route 15 in Wethersfield. The short expressway planned to include an interchange with a planned but cancelled Route 71 expressway leading to New Britain. Circa 2015, the viaduct carrying the northbound ramp to Eastbound I-84 was removed, and a new alignment adjacent to the southbound off ramp from Westbound I-84 was built. Exit 45 is currently an incomplete interchange, with ramps only for I-84 westbound to SR 504 (left", "id": "5839909" }, { "contents": "Interstate 195 (New Jersey)\n\n\ndesignation west and south, along existing I-95 instead. I-195's western terminus is at a modified cloverleaf interchange with I-295 in Hamilton Township, Mercer County, located southeast of the city of Trenton. From this end, the freeway continues north into Trenton as Route 29. I-195 serves as the southern continuation of Route 29, continuing east from I-295 as a six-lane expressway, passing between suburban neighborhoods to the north and the Crosswicks Creek to the south. After the exit for US 206, the highway narrows to four lanes", "id": "14760197" }, { "contents": "Massachusetts Route 25\n\n\nRoute 25 west mainline onto Route 495 north, with the right-hand lane serving I-195 via Exit 1. From I-195, Route 25 east is accessible via Exit 22A; I-195 terminates at the interchange. Interstate 495 also terminates at its junction with Route 25; the two southbound lanes of I-495 default onto Route 25 east. After the interchange with I-195 and I-495, Route 25 begins to head in a southeastern direction into the town of Wareham as a six-lane freeway. The route passes under Tihonet Road and through Maple", "id": "18239659" }, { "contents": "California State Route 56\n\n\ncompleted in 1995 after several lawsuits filed by the Sierra Club and other community groups. The two ends were not connected until the middle portion of the freeway was completed in 2004. The delay was largely due to funding issues and environmental concerns. Eastbound SR 56 begins as a ramp from the northbound I-5's local bypass lanes. The interchange is not complete; southbound I-5 traffic must exit to Carmel Valley Road before entering SR 56. Westbound traffic on SR 56 merges into the southbound I-5 local bypass lanes, which provide access to", "id": "2729277" }, { "contents": "Utah State Route 161\n\n\nState Route 161 (SR-161) is a long state highway, designated as a rural major connector, completely within Millard County in central Utah. The highway connects Interstate 70 (I-70) to I-15 while providing service to historic Cove Fort. The route was once part of U.S. Route 91 (US-91), but was renumbered to SR-161 in the 1970s, in parallel with the construction of I-70. Located entirely in southeastern Millard County, SR-161 starts at a diamond interchange with the westernmost exit on I-70 before it terminates at I-15.", "id": "14472451" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 in Connecticut\n\n\nbrief concurrency with Route 72 to the New Britain city line. From the Route 72 junction through Farmington, West Hartford, and into Hartford, I-84 has many left-hand exits and entrances and sharp curves, which were built for a planned network of freeways. In Farmington, US 6 joins I-84 once again at exit 38, and both meet the northern end of the Route 9 expressway at a half-used multi-level stack interchange that was originally planned to be part of the mostly-cancelled I-291 Hartford Beltway.", "id": "14727150" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 40\n\n\nan interchange. Route 40 begins from northbound I-91 in North Haven as the Exit 10 off-ramp. The designation runs for along the exit ramp. The expressway then proceeds northwest and is joined by on-ramps from Bailey Road and southbound I-91. The I-91 interchange includes an overpass over the Quinnipiac River and railroad tracks. About past the I-91 interchange, the road crosses over another set of railroad tracks, then has an interchange with U.S. Route 5. Access to and from US 5 is via Dixwell Avenue (SR 717", "id": "15644232" }, { "contents": "Interstate 695 (District of Columbia)\n\n\nsome remaining \"To I-395\" signage can still be found along I-695 westbound. The new signs designate I-695 as extending from the point where I-395 branches off from the Southeast Freeway, with I-695 continuing along the Southeast Freeway and over the new 11th Street Bridge to the interchange with I-295. However, some commentators contend the new signage is confusing and that the Southeast Freeway is often confused with Baltimore's Beltway, a highway with the same route designation. The entire route is in Washington, D.C. Exits were unnumbered until July 2014.", "id": "13815020" }, { "contents": "California State Route 91\n\n\nState Route 91 (SR 91) is a major east–west state highway in the U.S. state of California that serves several regions of the Greater Los Angeles urban area. A freeway throughout its entire length, it officially runs from Vermont Avenue in Gardena, just west of the junction with the Harbor Freeway (Interstate 110, I-110), east to Riverside at the junction with the Pomona (SR 60 west of SR 91) and Moreno Valley (SR 60 and I-215 east of SR 91) freeways. Though signs along", "id": "4945631" }, { "contents": "Tennessee State Route 182\n\n\nState Route 182 (abbreviated SR 182) is a secondary state highway in western Dyer County, Tennessee. This route is primarily rural in nature throughout its length. The first of SR 182 from its southern terminus with SR 104 to Interstate 155 is a modern two-lane facility with a speed limit. I-155 ended at Exit 7 during the 1970s and this section of SR 182 also served as a temporary link to SR 104 for eastbound motorists until the freeway was completed to Exit 15. SR 182 north of I-155 to its", "id": "12693771" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 4 in New Hampshire\n\n\nI-93 southbound, and runs along the freeway until Exit 15E in Concord. At this interchange, US-4 leaves I-93 and joins Interstate 393 and U.S. Route 202 which run eastbound out of the city. The two U.S. routes overlap I-393 to its terminus in the northern corner of Pembroke. I-393 then ends, and US-4/US-202 merge onto Route 9 eastbound through Chichester and into Epsom. The road crosses Route 28 at the Epsom Traffic Circle, then continues east and intersects Route 107, forming a long four-route concurrency into Northwood", "id": "19470164" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 9\n\n\nriver, it passes through the towns of Essex, Deep River, Chester, Haddam, and Middletown). After its junction with Interstate 91 in Cromwell, Route 9 continues westward then northward, running through the Hartford area towns/cities of Berlin, New Britain, Newington, and Farmington. At the junction with I-84/US 6 near the Farmington - West Hartford town line, Route 9 follows the ramps for eastbound I-84 and ends at the merge with I-84 immediately after crossing the town line. Route 9 has a non", "id": "15881245" }, { "contents": "Maryland Route 32\n\n\nCSX line) and several industrial parks in Annapolis Junction. MD 32 continues northwest into Savage, where the highway has a cloverleaf interchange with US 1 (Washington Boulevard) that includes collector-distributor lanes in both directions. North of Savage, the freeway has a partial cloverleaf interchange with I-95 that has a pair of left-exiting ramps from westbound MD 32 to southbound I-95 and from eastbound MD 32 to northbound I-95; because of these left exits, I-95 is configured differently in that its southbound lanes pass under MD 32 and", "id": "8470347" }, { "contents": "Interstate 95 in Massachusetts\n\n\nto eight lanes. Then the highway passes through Newton, then enters Weston and has a large interchange with the Massachusetts Turnpike (I-90) that provides connections to nearby Route 30. There is a fourth lane after the interchange with Route 9. Exits 23, 24, and 25 are one combined exit northbound. I-95 and Route 128 are due west of Boston at this point and begin to turn to the northeast, serving the city of Waltham and the town of Lexington along the way. The freeway has an interchange with Route", "id": "18993893" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 372\n\n\nthe Mattabesset River, intersecting I-91 at Exit 21. It then widens to 4 lanes, and intersects the northern end of Route 217. Farther east, it crosses Route 3 before meeting Route 9 once again at Exit 19. It then turns southeast to at an intersection with Route 99 at the Cromwell town center. Route 72 was established in the 1932 state highway renumbering between Route 66 in Middletown and Route 10 Plainville. By the beginning of 1963, after the implementation of the 1962 Route Reclassification Act, Route 72 was extended", "id": "8495485" }, { "contents": "Interstate 664\n\n\nhas a connection to Portsmouth through Virginia State Route 164 (SR 164) and to Suffolk via U.S. Route 13, US 58, and US 460. I-664 begins at a full Y interchange with I-64 and I-264 that serves as the terminus of all three Interstates in the Bowers Hill section of the city of Chesapeake. I-64 heads southeast as a continuation of the Hampton Roads Beltway through Chesapeake while I-264 heads east toward Portsmouth and Norfolk. I-664 heads west as an eight-lane freeway that has a southbound-only exit ramp to", "id": "13145352" }, { "contents": "Virginia State Route 194\n\n\ncloverleaf interchange with I-64 (Hampton Roads Beltway) that only contains ramps in the northeast and southwest quadrants of the interchange. Northbound SR 194 has an exit ramp to and an entrance ramp from westbound I-64. Southbound SR 194 has an exit ramp to and an entrance ramp from eastbound I-64. The missing connections with I-64 are made via SR 247 to the south and SR 165 (Little Creek Road) to the north of the Interstate. North of SR 165, SR 194 becomes a four-lane divided highway north to its", "id": "19152409" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nalphabetic values to allow for future system expansion. The alphabetic naming suffixes are included as small letters on the bottom of reassurance shields. The Glenrio business spur of Interstate 40 begins at I-40 on exit 0 just east of the New Mexico-Texas state line. The highway runs south from the interchange towards Former route 66, then turns west along that decommissioned route where it terminates at the Texas-New Mexico State Line. The Adrian business loop of Interstate 40 begins at I-40 at exit 22 and runs along Former route 66 to", "id": "294158" }, { "contents": "Vermont Route 103\n\n\nand slightly better road across the Green Mountains to Rutland, it is a direct east–west road intersecting Interstate 91 significantly north of the diagonal 103. Numerous proposals to widen 103 into a two-lane freeway or similar limited-access roadway have failed, even though a substantial power company right of way shadows the road for much of its length. VT 103 begins at U.S. Route 5 in Rockingham just east of Interstate 91 and just north of Bellows Falls. From there, it interchanges with I-91 at exit 6 and proceeds", "id": "13506058" } ]

[ { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\nInterstate 691 (I-691) is a portion of the Interstate Highway System in Connecticut beginning at Interstate 91 in Meriden and ending at Interstate 84 near the Cheshire-Southington town line. It is in length, including of the exit ramp to the merge with westbound I-84. I-691 is also known as the Henry D. Altobello Highway for its entire length. I-691 is the main east–west highway of the city of Meriden. The freeway actually begins in Middlefield as Route 66, technically becoming I-691 at the junction with I-91 (Exit", "id": "767379" }, { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\n11). However, westbound signage indicates I-691 begins at the start of the freeway (just west of Exit 13), while eastbound signage shows I-691 ending at the Route 15 interchange (at eastbound Exit 10 about west of the interchange with I-91). To go from I-91 northbound to I-691 westbound (or from I-691 eastbound to I-91 southbound), one must actually use Route 15. Exit 9 westbound provides access to Route 15 North. West of the I-91/Route 15 interchange, I-691 meets US 5, which provides", "id": "767380" }, { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\n66. The highway was extended west to Exit 4 by 1971. The connection to I-84 was eventually completed in 1987, with the renumbering to I-691 done at the same time. The portion east of I-91 remained as Route 66. Environmental and community groups successfully blocked attempts to extend the freeway east of its present terminus due to potential impacts on the Mt. Higby Reservoir, which provides drinking water for the local area. A compromise was reached in the late 1990s allowing CONNDOT to convert Route 66 from a 2-lane road to 4 lanes", "id": "767383" }, { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\nat Exit 4. It then crosses the Quinnipiac River into Cheshire, where it has an interchange with Route 10, then continues west to end at I-84 at the Southington/Cheshire town line. The highway officially ends as it merges into I-84 West. In the 1940s, the I-691 routing was part of a planned US 6A Expressway from Southington to Willimantic. A section of the expressway (from its Middlefield terminus west to Exit 8) first opened in 1966. By 1968, the US 6A designation was dropped in favor of Route", "id": "767382" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 66\n\n\nRoute 66 is a Connecticut state highway running from Meriden to Windham, serving as an alternate east–west route to US 6 through east-central Connecticut. Route 66 officially begins at I-91 in Meriden as the extension of I-691, which officially ends at its interchange with I-91. This freeway portion runs for about into the town of Middlefield, where it becomes a four lane surface road. In Middlefield, it has junctions with the northern end of Route 147, and the southern end of Route 217. It then enters Middletown", "id": "16691092" }, { "contents": "Interstate 91\n\n\nUS 5 begins at the first of its many interchanges with the freeway. Leaving New Haven, I-91 follows a northeastward trek into North Haven, where it meets the southern end of the Route 40 expressway. It travels through the eastern part of Wallingford before entering the eastern part of the city of Meriden. In Meriden, about halfway between Hartford and New Haven, I-91 sees a complex set of interchanges with the Wilbur Cross Parkway (Route 15), the Route 66 expressway, and its first spur route, I-691. I-691", "id": "8976770" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 15\n\n\nmore northeasterly in North Haven. Major junctions include the Milford Parkway (SR 796), a connector providing access to Interstate 95 and US 1 beginning just east of the Sikorsky Bridge; US 5 in Wallingford; and a complex set of interchanges in Meriden providing access to I-91, I-691, and the Route 66 expressway. The parkway ends about a mile north of I-691 as US 5 joins Route 15 and the road becomes a four-lane divided highway with signalized and at-grade intersections known as the Berlin Turnpike. After", "id": "14881517" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 66\n\n\nthe expressway from US 5 in Meriden to Middlefield (where the current expressway ends) opened to traffic. By 1968, the US 6A designation was removed and split into several routes. The section from I-84 in Southington to US 6 in Columbia was renumbered as Route 66, including the newly opened freeway segment. In 1971, another section of the Route 66 freeway opened from between Route 322 and US 5. In 1987, with the completion of the freeway connection to I-84, the section of Route 66 west of I-91 was", "id": "16691099" }, { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\naccess to Route 15 North for eastbound traffic. Exit 7 provides access to Downtown Meriden. Westbound traffic exits onto State Street Extension, while eastbound traffic enters onto Columbia Street. Exits 6 and 5 provide access to Route 71, as well as access to Westfield Meriden. Exit 6 exits to Lewis Avenue, while Exit 5 exits directly to Route 71. From here, I-691 passes along the north side of Hubbard Park as well as by Castle Craig before it crosses into Southington. It then meets the eastern end of Route 322", "id": "767381" }, { "contents": "Interstate 291 (Connecticut)\n\n\nInterstate 291 (I-291) is a short Interstate Highway in the state of Connecticut that starts at I-91 at its junction with Route 218 in Windsor and ends at I-84 in Manchester. It serves as a northeastern bypass of Hartford. The official length of I-291 is , including of the exit ramp to the merge with eastbound I-84. I-291 is also known as the Vietnam Veterans Memorial Highway for its entire length. I-291 begins at I-91 in Windsor at an interchange that also provides access to and from Route 218. Heading southeast, I-291", "id": "4834367" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 in Connecticut\n\n\ncity of Waterbury, where it intersects the Route 8 expressway and crosses the Naugatuck River on an elevated dual-decked viaduct known locally as The Mixmaster. After passing through Cheshire, I-84 intersects the western end of I-691 at the Cheshire–Southington town line, which is also the New Haven–Hartford county line. I-84 turns more northerly for a stretch to exit 31 (Route 229), which provides access to Lake Compounce Amusement Park and ESPN World Headquarters. The freeway heads more northeasterly to Plainville, where it has a", "id": "14727149" }, { "contents": "Interstate 384\n\n\nInterstate 384 (I-384) is an Interstate Highway located entirely within the state of Connecticut. It runs east to west, going from Interstate 84 in East Hartford to U.S. Route 6/U.S. Route 44 in Bolton. I-384 officially begins at I-84 eastbound Exit 59 at the East Hartford/Manchester town line, as the right 2 lanes of traffic split from the I-84 mainline. The highway can also be accessed from the I-84 eastbound HOV lane, and westbound I-384 traffic can also access the HOV lane on westbound I-84. Westbound I-84", "id": "10503364" }, { "contents": "Special routes of U.S. Route 6\n\n\n6A from Plymouth–Farmington, this became US 6A. This US 6A was subsequently extended through Meriden to Willimantic along modern Route 66. An expressway upgrade was planned for this US 6A. Only a portion of the highway was built and is now I-691. U.S. Route 6A (US 6A) between Coventry and Windham was designated when New England Interstate Route 3 (NE-3) was deleted. The route was swapped with the old US 6 in 1939 and finally deleted in 1942 when US 6A became Route 31. U.S. Route 6A (US", "id": "10795785" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 (Pennsylvania–Massachusetts)\n\n\nNew Milford. Route 6 leaves the interstate at the next exit, and I-84 continues east across the countryside. At Exit 11, it turns to the northeast and descends to cross the Housatonic River on the Rochambeau Bridge, into New Haven County. It then climbs onto higher ground to the city of Waterbury, which it passes on an elevated viaduct with the eastbound and westbound lanes on different levels. Here the CT 8 expressway intersects. The eastern heading continues past Waterbury to Milldale, where Interstate 691 splits off to the east", "id": "12185438" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 120\n\n\nRoute 120 is a state highway in Connecticut, running entirely in the town of Southington. It serves as a more direct connection between the town center of Southington and the city of Meriden. Route 120 begins at an intersection with Route 322 in southeastern Southington, just west of the Meriden city line and about from an interchange with I-691. It heads in a northwest direction, crossing Misery Brook about later, passing by the St. Thomas Cemetery, then intersecting with Route 364 after another . Route 120 ends at an intersection with Route", "id": "21983096" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 322\n\n\nmeets Route 10 at a grade separated intersection. It briefly crosses into Cheshire before crossing the Quinnipiac River and reentering southeastern Southington. It meets the southern end of Route 120 before ending at an interchange with I-691 near the Southington-Meriden town line. The road continues into Meriden as West Main Street. Route 322 was established in 1963, running from Route 69 to then US 6A (Meriden Road) in Wolcott. The year before becoming a signed route, Route 322 was taken over by the state and designated as unsigned SR", "id": "8420887" }, { "contents": "Interstate 91\n\n\n. As such, it is almost always heavily trafficked (especially during rush hour), and maintains at least three lanes in each direction through Connecticut except for a short portion in Hartford at the interchange with I-84 and in Meriden at the interchange with Route 15. The three cities also serve as Connecticut's control points along its length of the Interstate. I-91 begins just east of downtown New Haven at an interchange with I-95 (the Connecticut Turnpike), and Route 34. At the bottom of the ramp for exit 5,", "id": "8976769" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 66\n\n\nIt ran from the Milldale section of Southington, via Meriden and Middletown, to Willimantic. In the 1932 state highway renumbering, old Highway 111 was designated as part of Route 14, which extended from Woodbury to the Rhode Island state line. In 1941, the section of Route 14 from Woodbury to Willimantic was redesignated as US 6A, connecting at US 6 on both ends. In the early 1960s, plans for constructing a US 6A expressway between I-84 in Southington and Willimantic were announced. By 1966, a short portion of", "id": "16691098" }, { "contents": "Interstate 66\n\n\nfrom eastbound I-66 to the West Falls Church Metro station at the Leesburg Pike (Virginia State Route 7) interchange and will provide a new bridge for the W&OD Trail over Lee Highway (Virginia State Route 29). In Washington D.C., I-66 was planned to extend east of its current terminus along the North Leg of the Inner Loop freeway. I-66 would have also met the eastern terminus of a planned Interstate 266 at US 29, and the western terminus of the South Leg Freeway (I-695) at US 50; I-266 would", "id": "9038810" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 10\n\n\n. It then turns north onto Dixwell Avenue, and intersects the Wilbur Cross Parkway (Route 15) at Exit 60. In the center of Hamden, it turns onto Whitney Avenue. Proceeding northward, it encounters the northern end of the Route 40 freeway and the western end of Route 22 . In Cheshire, it meets the eastern end of Route 42, and has a brief triplex with Routes 68 and 70. At the north end of town is a junction with I-691 at Exit 3. It then enters Southington, where", "id": "16098035" }, { "contents": "Interstate 80 in Iowa\n\n\nthe east at the Jordan Creek Parkway exit. The highway adds a third lane eastbound and drops the third lane westbound. Almost to the east is the interchange with I-35, which also marks the beginning of I-235. Eastbound I-80 exits the freeway via a flyover ramp to northbound I-35; eastbound I-235 begins as the continuation of the I-80 freeway. Locally, this exit is called the West Mixmaster. I-80 shares the next with I-35 on a six-lane freeway where each direction's three lanes are separated by a Jersey barrier.", "id": "3837266" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 68\n\n\nto its junction with I-91 at Exit 15. After overpassing I-91 and passing a couple of business parks, Route 68 becomes a 2 lane road once again. It then enters Durham, where it passes the southern end of Route 157 before ending at Route 17 in the center of town. The road connecting Naugatuck and Cheshire was designated in 1922 as State Highway 325. In the 1932 state highway renumbering, former Highway 325 was renumbered to Route 68. The route was later extended east to Middlefield in 1966 along former SR 607", "id": "3645090" }, { "contents": "Interstate 480 (Nebraska–Iowa)\n\n\nLeavenworth neighborhood from the Old Market neighborhood. Shortly after the Leavenworth Street exit is the Harney Street exit, which provides access to U.S. Route 6 from eastbound I-480. before the North Freeway interchange, I-480 passes beneath Dodge and Douglas Streets, which are the westbound and eastbound lanes of U.S. 6, respectively. Just to the southwest of the Creighton University campus is the North Freeway interchange, where US 75 leaves eastbound I-480 and joins westbound. The North Freeway was originally planned to be an Interstate Highway, \"I-580\", connecting", "id": "10317788" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nExit 110 leading to the I-40 frontage road along the eastbound lanes, which suddenly becomes a divided highway named \"Route 66.\" The first intersection is a connecting road to the parts of the interchange with the eastbound on-ramp, as well as the frontage roads along the westbound lanes, leading to the western terminus of the business loop. Shortly after this is the barely paved Carson County Road BB. The divided highway ends just west of TX FM 295 and Carson County Road CC (Western Avenue), and gains", "id": "294168" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 in New York\n\n\n6 and 202 closely parallel I-84 to the north, between the freeway and one of the upper basins of East Branch Reservoir, part of New York City's water supply system. The northern terminus of NY 121 lets eastbound traffic on and westbound traffic off. Two miles (3.2 km) to the east, Signs appear for Saw Mill Road, exit 1 on Connecticut's stretch of I-84, and its ramps leave the highway just a hundred feet (30 m) before the state line. The route of I-84 through the", "id": "995373" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 34\n\n\nLegion Avenue, later becoming South Frontage Road (former Oak Street), while westbound Route 34 uses North Frontage Road. The eastbound section running along Legion Avenue and South Frontage Road (1.03 miles) is town-maintained. The corresponding westbound section along North Frontage Road is officially designated as State Road 706 but is signed as Route 34 West. Route 34 then continues along the Oak Street Connector, a six-lane freeway that connects to I-91 and I-95. The freeway portion has two westbound exits and three eastbound entrances,", "id": "5492586" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nfor BL-40, because south of this intersection is an approach to a westbound on-eastbound off wye interchange with I-40. Immediately after this intersection, BL-40 ends at an eastbound on-westbound off wye interchange with I-40. The Clinton business loop of Interstate 40 is the fourth business route of I-40 in Oklahoma, running from exit 65 to exit 69, although only part of the route runs along former US 66. The route begins at exit 65, which is an eastbound flyover with no re-entry, and a westbound", "id": "294183" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nand maintenance facility, and then leaves the frontage road at the on ramp to eastbound I-40, where it meets its terminus. The frontage roads along both sides of I-40 continue through three more interchanges before crossing the Texas-Oklahoma State Line. The Erick business loop of Interstate 40 is the first business route of I-40 in Oklahoma. It begins on exit 5 (Honeyfarm Drive) and runs south into North 1720th Road until that street ends at a four-lane divided highway known as East 1240th Road (former Route 66)", "id": "294176" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 542\n\n\nRoute 542 (also known as Ferguson Road) is a state road in northern Connecticut. It is contained inside the town of Vernon. It runs from Route 533 to Route 541. Route 542 begins at Route 543 (Tunnel Road) in the central portion of the town of Vernon. It then heads east for about before intersecting with exit 66 on Interstate 84 (I-84}. Only travelers on westbound I-84 can exit onto Route 542, and that travelers on Route 542 can only get onto westbound I-84. About from the", "id": "1160744" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 71\n\n\nas it intersects West Main Street. While southbound traffic may continue from West Main Street onto Cook Avenue, northbound traffic must turn right onto Hanover Street, then left onto South Grove Street, and left onto West Main Street to continue. Once reunited, Route 71 proceeds west on West Main Street before turning north onto Chamberlain Highway. It then crosses I-691 at Exit 5, with access to and from the west. It then crosses into Berlin, passing the eastern end of Route 364 before turning northeast as the Chamberlain Highway becomes", "id": "18857060" }, { "contents": "Interstate 91\n\n\nparallels the river, never more than from its shore. I-91 then enters the Hartford city limits. In Hartford, I-91 it has a set of interchanges with US 5/Route 15 (Wilbur Cross Highway), which provides access from I-91 north to I-84 east, and from I-84 west to I-91 south via the Charter Oak Bridge. I-91 then has an interchange with I-84, where all other movements to and from I-84 take place. Before leaving the city limits, an HOV lane begins that has its own set of interchanges", "id": "8976772" }, { "contents": "Interstate 210 (Louisiana)\n\n\nShip Channel. At the southeastern end of the bridge, the highway meets with exit 3, Prien Lake Road, eastbound. I-210 heads east through Lake Charles, turning 90 degrees at exit 8, LA 14/Gerstner Memorial Drive. The highway then heads north towards its eastern terminus with I-10 just east of Lake Charles. Though portions of the freeway run north-south, the entire route is signed east-west. All of I-210 is included as part of the National Highway System, a system of roadways important to", "id": "2671252" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 95 in California\n\n\nChemehuevi Mountains before entering the city of Needles after several miles. After passing the Needles Municipal Airport, US 95 merges onto I-40 westbound and continues through Needles on the freeway. US 95 exits from I-40 west of Needles and continues northwest to Searchlight Junction, where US 95 continues north at the junction with the old routing of US 66. The highway continues north, east of Homer Mountain, to the Nevada state line. US 95 is part of the California Freeway and Expressway System, and a small portion near I-10 and the", "id": "21402148" }, { "contents": "Interstate 66\n\n\nInterstate 66 (I-66) is an Interstate Highway in the eastern United States. As indicated by its even route number, it runs in an east–west direction. Its current western terminus is near Middletown, Virginia, at an interchange with I-81; its eastern terminus is in Washington, D.C., at an interchange with U.S. Route 29. Because of its terminus in the Shenandoah Valley, the highway was once called the \"Shenandoah Freeway.\" Much of the route parallels U.S. Route 29 or Virginia State Route 55. Interstate", "id": "9038774" }, { "contents": "Interstate 95 in Connecticut\n\n\nof around 150,000 throughout the entire length between the New York state line and the junction with I-91 in New Haven. The Turnpike intersects with several major expressways, namely US 7 at Exit 15 in Norwalk, Route 8 and Route 25 at Exit 27A in Bridgeport (quickest way to I-84 from southwest CT), the Merritt and Wilbur Cross Parkways at Exit 38 (via the Milford Parkway) in Milford, and Interstate 91 at Exit 48 in New Haven. North (east) of I-91, the Turnpike continues along the Connecticut", "id": "5620386" }, { "contents": "Missouri Route 96\n\n\nRoute 96 was redesignated as Route YY west of Route 171 when Kansas deleted the eastern part of K-96. Route 96 begins at a partial interchange with Interstate 44 (I-44) just west of Halltown (there is no access to westbound I-44 or from eastbound I-44). The highway is a two-lane road and is relatively straight all the way to Carthage. Approximately west of I-44 is the western terminus of Route 266. Approximately further west, Route 96 is joined by Historic Route 66. At Albatross, is an intersection", "id": "11824778" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nI-40, and the former segment of US 66 along the north side continues as one of the two I-40 frontage roads. The Amarillo business loop of Interstate 40 begins at I-40 exit 62A just west of Amarillo. The highway was formerly a business route for Route 66, being that highway's only bannered route in Texas. Bus. I-40 D is known locally as Amarillo Boulevard and is the longest buisness route of Interstate 40. Bus. I-40 D begins at Interstate 40 exit 62A just west of Amarillo near Cadillac Ranch. The", "id": "294164" }, { "contents": "Interstate 540 and North Carolina Highway 540\n\n\nto the Western Wake Freeway and future Southern and Eastern Wake Freeways. As of January 2013, the North Carolina state route traverses east–west from I-40, in Durham County to NC 55, in Holly Springs. Initially intended to be signed as an extension of the I-540 loop, the first section of the route bears mile markers and exit numbers for the complete Interstate loop, going from 66 to 69. In Mid-2012, this section of the beltway became part of the Triangle Expressway. No portion of I-540 is tolled.", "id": "6204061" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 229\n\n\nRoute 229 is a state highway in the western Greater Hartford area of the U.S. state of Connecticut. It runs north–south from Interstate 84 in Southington to U.S. Route 6 in Bristol. Along the way, it intersects Route 72 in the Forestville section of Bristol. Route 229 nominally begins at the end of the eastbound Exit 31 off-ramp of I-84 in western Southington, heading northward along West Street. State maintenance and the official southern end of Route 229 actually begins about south of the off-ramp. West Street", "id": "7429975" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nwhich focuses on the roads former status as Route 66. The commercial strip ends after a dirt road named North Tennessee Street. \"Route 66\" splits from East 12th Street at an intersection that's another connecting road to the eastbound off-ramp of Exit 164, the then runs over the overpass above I-40 to turn right at the frontage road along the westbound lanes leading to the western beginning of the business loop. Eastbound Business Interstate Route 40-J narrows down to a two-lane undivided highway before passing by a TxDOT construction", "id": "294175" }, { "contents": "Highway revolts in the United States\n\n\nInterstate 291 beltway west of Interstate 91, the proposed Interstate 484 expressway through the downtown, and the proposed Interstate 284 expressway between East Hartford and South Windsor, and Interstate 491 from Wethersfield to Manchester. After these freeways were cancelled, the State of Connecticut used the funds allocated for their construction to rebuild and expand existing freeways in the Greater Hartford area. In 1992 the Route 9 Expressway was extended north from I-91 in New Britain to Interstate 84 in Farmington, completing what would have been the southwest quadrant of the I-291 beltway;", "id": "256037" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 in Connecticut\n\n\nthe northern end of the Route 15 expressway, it inherits the Wilbur Cross Highway name for the rest of its length. From 1968 until 1984, the I-84 designation ended here, and the highway became I-86 for the rest of its length, as I-84 was once planned to be built east toward Providence, Rhode Island. I-84 intersects one of the remnants of the abandoned project, I-384, as part of a series of complex interchanges in Manchester including the end of the US 6 concurrency at exit 60, and a connection to", "id": "14727152" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nfrontage roads along the westbound lanes leading to the western beginning of the business loop, and an unorthodox roadside attraction known as the Leaning Tower of Texas. Business Interstate Route 40-F ends at the on ramp to eastbound I-40, as does the divided former US 66, which is converted back into the frontage road along the eastbound lanes of I-40. The McLean business loop of Interstate 40 runs from exit 141 to 143. Officially designated as Business Interstate 40-H by the Texas Department of Transportation, it begins at I-40 at an eastbound flyover", "id": "294170" }, { "contents": "Maryland Route 53\n\n\nstate highway then meets its northern terminus at an intersection with US 40 Alternate in La Vale. Access to westbound I-68 is provided a short distance to the east on US 40 Alternate. MD 53 is part of US 220 Truck, which provides access from Interstate 68 (I-68) west of La Vale to southbound US 220 for trucks due to a truck prohibition on the eastbound exit ramp for I-68's interchange with US 220. The state highway is part of the main National Highway System from US 220 to I-68; in addition", "id": "11898711" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 84\n\n\nend street at the truck stop along the aforementioned frontage road. Interstate 84 Business was a business loop of I-84 along in Morgan, Utah. It ran north along Utah State Route 66 at Exit 103 (State Street) to East 600th Street running along the north side of I-84 until the former westbound-off-ramp and eastbound on-ramp that was once westbound Exit 103 until the mid-1990s. Interstate 84 Business was a business loop of I-84 along in Henefer, Utah. It ran southeast along the southwest side of I-84", "id": "6061978" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 5 in Connecticut\n\n\nStreet becomes Broad Street after the intersection with Hall Avenue as it passes by the eastern part of the city, avoiding the downtown area. Past Olive Street, the road becomes divided with a wide grassy median. At the north end of the divided section, it has an intersection with East Main Street, the main east–west business route through the city. About north of East Main Street, US 5 has an interchange with I-691 (at exit 8). At the intersection with Brittania Street, the road becomes North Broad", "id": "5428414" }, { "contents": "Interstate 91\n\n\nthe river can also be easily accessed in this stretch. At exit 19 is the northern terminus of I-93, a major interstate highway in New England, which provides a direct route south through the White Mountains and to almost all major cities in New Hampshire. Just after exit 19, there are three exits for St. Johnsbury, including a major intersection with US 2. Along westbound US 2, the capital of Vermont, Montpelier, is eventually reached from I-91, although I-89 provides Montpelier with immediate Interstate access. I-91 continues northward", "id": "8976783" }, { "contents": "Massachusetts Turnpike\n\n\nand the seventh-longest gap between exits in the entire Interstate Highway System. The highest elevation on the turnpike exists in The Berkshires, reaching above sea level in Becket; this point is also the highest elevation on I-90 east of South Dakota. Beyond the peak elevation and between the exits, an eastbound runaway truck ramp exists in Russell. The turnpike has an interchange with I-91 and US 5 at exit 4 in West Springfield; it passes over the Connecticut River before reaching Route 33 at exit 5 and I-291 at exit 6", "id": "8595595" }, { "contents": "County Route 66 (California)\n\n\ncrossing paths with the freeway again at Fenner, before heading east on Goffs Road to the junction with US 95. Next, CR 66 cosigns along US 95 south to the junction with I-40, where both the US and county routes cosign with I-40 heading east towards Needles. CR 66 exits the freeway at River Road Cutoff, where it immediately turns onto National Trails Highway after exiting. The route follows National Trails Highway to its end on River Road, then begins its southeast journey into downtown Needles. After an interchange with I-40", "id": "21979064" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 (Pennsylvania–Massachusetts)\n\n\n. This section has many left-hand exits and entrances and sharp curves, which were built for a planned network of freeways. I-84 heads northeast towards New Britain and Hartford, the state capital and the largest community along its eastern length. After intersecting Interstate 91, the road crosses the Connecticut River on the Bulkeley Bridge, oldest on the Interstate system, then becomes the Wilbur Cross Highway and continues towards the northeast. The last exit in Connecticut is Exit 74, an exit for Route 171. I-84 crosses the Massachusetts border", "id": "12185439" }, { "contents": "Rhode Island Route 4\n\n\n. After exit 7, Route 4 continues northward as a six-lane expressway, passing farmlands to the west and entering a suburban region of East Greenwich. The highway crosses under an overpass at Middle Road before interchanging with Route 401, the freeway's final spur, at another partial cloverleaf interchange. Exit 8 is also used to access Route 2 and I-95 south, which has no direct freeway connection with Route 4 north. Shortly after exit 8, the Route 4 designation ends and the mainline of the highway defaults onto I-95", "id": "14737226" }, { "contents": "Cromwell, Connecticut\n\n\nis land and (4.03%) is water. A major north/south highway, Interstate 91, with two Cromwell exits, runs through the Town. The Central Connecticut Expressway (Route 9), opened at the end of 1989, enhances the Town's location as it connects I-95 in Old Saybrook, I-91 in Cromwell and I-84, the State's major east/west highway in New Britain. As of the census of 2010, there were 14,005 people, 5,212 households, and 3,262 families residing in the town.", "id": "17977773" }, { "contents": "Interstate 190 (South Dakota)\n\n\n16 westbound goes east on Omaha Street and eastbound runs north concurrently with I-190. I-190 then becomes a freeway, with an exit to North Street. I-190 then passes under Anamosa Street before an on-ramp from the northbound lanes of West Boulevard. Both US 16 and I-190 then terminate at a trumpet interchange with I-90/US 14/SD 79. Legally, the route of I-190 is defined at South Dakota Codified Laws § 31-4-203. I-190 was opened in 1962 to connect Rapid City to the recently completed", "id": "2672231" }, { "contents": "Interstate 210 and State Route 210 (California)\n\n\nfor the interchange between State Route 57 and the Foothill Freeway, Interstate 210. The \"curve\" portion refers to the interchange from the northbound lanes of State Route 57 to the westbound lanes of I-210, and from the eastbound lanes of I-210 to the southbound lanes of State Route 57. The origin of the name comes from its location in the city of Glendora. Prior to 2002, this interchange was entirely part of I-210, and the eastern terminus of I-210 ended several miles south of the curve at the Kellogg Interchange at", "id": "2671217" }, { "contents": "Interstate 78 in New Jersey\n\n\nEntering more commercial areas, Route 173 merges onto I-78/US 22 at exit 13. At exit 15, the highway interchanges with CR 513, and Route 173 splits from I-78/US 22 by heading north on CR 513. At this point, the freeway enters Franklin Township briefly at exit 15 and then enters Clinton where it crosses the South Branch Raritan River. I-78/US 22 turns northeast and leaves Clinton for Clinton Township, where it has an eastbound exit and westbound entrance for Route 173 that also provides access to", "id": "16353900" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 15\n\n\nlimits, the business route veers onto Center Street and follows that through the center of town. At the north end of the city, I-15 Bus. turns west and runs concurrently with US 30 to its northern end at I-15 Exit 47. Interstate 15 Business runs for exactly through Inkom in northern Bannock County. I-15 Bus. mostly follows Old Highway 91 between Exits 57 and 58, a pair of partial interchanges. Interstate 15 Business spans through Pocatello in northern Bannock County. I-15 Bus. begins at I-15 Exit 67, where", "id": "15434019" }, { "contents": "Interstate 10 in California\n\n\nI-10 down Interstate 5 between the East LA Interchange and the Santa Monica Freeway, negating a section of the San Bernardino Freeway west of I-5. This short section of Route 10 between Route 5 and Route 101, which was formerly defined as Route 110 (signed as Interstate 110) until 1968, is signed overhead for I-10 eastbound and for U.S. 101 westbound. This I-5/I-10 cosigning is consistent with the Federal Highway Administration's Interstate Highway route logs that such an overlap exists for the segment of I-10 in California. I-10 is", "id": "10298840" }, { "contents": "Nevada State Route 425\n\n\ncenter of Verdi, then southeast to its terminus at the I-80 East Verdi interchange (Exit 5). Although designated a state route and an Interstate business route, there are no route shields posted along the highway itself. The I-80 business route extends beyond the end of SR 425. From the highway's western terminus, I-80 Business follows Gold Ranch Road an additional south to end at an I-80 westbound onramp. The highway originally carried State Route 1 and later U.S. Route 40 on its trek west from Reno over Donner Pass towards", "id": "5840323" }, { "contents": "Interstate 516\n\n\ncurrent western terminus of I-516. In 1985, the entire highway from its then-current western terminus at Burnsed Blvd to Montgomery Street was designated as I-516. The freeway portion was extended westward to the interchange with SR 25 (Burnsed Blvd) and eastward to the current eastern terminus. Also US 17/SR 25 and US 80/SR 26 were re-routed along the freeway, from the West Bay Street exit to the Ogeechee Road exit. In 1995, US 17 had a major re-routing through the city", "id": "10860994" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 15\n\n\nState Route 28. Interstate 15 Business is a Business loop of Interstate 15 in Bringham City, and is also concurrent with Business Loop 84. It runs from an interchange at Exit 362 on I-15/84 at first along U.S. Route 91 to the intersection with U.S. Route 89 and UT 13. US 91 continues east along US 89, while BL 15/84 turns left to go north along UT 13 (South Main Street). Further in town, the road serves as the west end of Utah State Route 90. At Forest Street,", "id": "15434015" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 95 in Nevada\n\n\nthe Henderson Spaghetti Bowl (also known as the Hender-Bender) interchange of Interstate 215 and SR 564 and Interstate 515 begins. The freeway then heads west into Downtown Las Vegas, where it intersects Interstate 15. At the Spaghetti Bowl interchange, US 93 follows I-15 northbound and I-515 ends. US 95 heads west, then north at the Rainbow Curve. The freeway portion then ends at Corn Creek Road northwest of the Las Vegas Valley and then it becomes a brief four-lane divided highway. US 95 exits Clark County", "id": "7359006" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 15\n\n\nwhen it turns east onto Alameda Road, which becomes Pocatello Creek Road when it veers northeast to the business route's terminus at I-15 Exit 71. Interstate 15 Business has a length of through Blackfoot in central Bingham County. I-15 Bus. begins at I-15 Exit 89 near the northern end of the Fort Hall Indian Reservation and follows US 91 northeast parallel to the Union Pacific Railroad. The highways cross the Blackfoot River into the city of Blackfoot along Broadway Street. In downtown Blackfoot, the routes veer onto Main Street, then I-15", "id": "15434021" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 50 in Maryland\n\n\neastbound exit. Following this interchange, US 50 passes office parks and industrial development in New Carrollton. The highway reaches a hybrid turbine interchange with I-95/I-495, the Capital Beltway. At the I-95/I-495 interchange, the US 50 freeway becomes part of the Interstate Highway System as I-595, which is an unsigned highway. The road heads east as an ten-lane freeway, with the left lane in each direction designated as a high-occupancy vehicle lane (HOV lane). The freeway passes near residential development and", "id": "21110676" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nloop of Interstate 40 is the third business route of I-40 in Oklahoma. It runs northeast along former US 66 from eastbound exit 32 and turns east after the beginning of an overlap with OK 6 that runs along the route until OK 6 turns south at North Main Street. From there it snakes through the northeastern part of the city and after the intersection with OK 34 finally terminates with I-40 at westbound exit 41. The route begins at a left exit in a wye interchange with Interstate 40, which also serves as a connection", "id": "294180" }, { "contents": "Iowa Highway 330\n\n\nused as a connector between Des Moines and the Waterloo–Cedar Falls area. Iowa 330 begins at an interchange with Interstate 80 (I-80), U.S. Route 6 (US 6), and US 65 in Altoona. The I-80 freeway runs east–west; US 6 comes up from the southwest along Hubbell Avenue and joins eastbound I-80 while US 65 exits eastbound I-80 and turns onto Hubbell heading northeast. For the first of its routing, Iowa 330 shares the same roadway with US 65. The two routes head northeast on", "id": "10381823" }, { "contents": "Interstate 180 (Pennsylvania)\n\n\nat an interchange with U.S. Route 15 and U.S. Route 220. The highway begins its signage, concurrent along these routes. At exit 27A, US 15 leaves the overlap running south across the Carl E. Stotz Memorial Little League Bridge and I-180 continues eastward, still concurrent with US 220 northbound. From there, I-180 runs along the West Branch Susquehanna River until the highway reaches the eastern suburbs of Williamsport, where US 220 leaves the Interstate via exit 15. From US 220 to the eastern terminus, I-180 is aligned north–south", "id": "4494305" }, { "contents": "Interstate 76 (Ohio–New Jersey)\n\n\nJersey. After I-76 reaches its eastern terminus, the freeway continues as Route 42 and the Atlantic City Expressway to Atlantic City. I-76 begins at I-71 at exit 209, east of Lodi, Ohio; U.S. Route 224 (US 224) continues west from the end of I-76. The interchange was previously a double trumpet, but was reconstructed in 2010. Officially, I-76 begins at the beginning of the ramp from I-71 north; it merges with US 224 at mile 0.61. After passing through rural Medina County, I-76 enters Summit", "id": "12185505" }, { "contents": "Interstate 215 (Utah)\n\n\ninterchange features a grade-separated ramp from northbound 2000 East to eastbound I-215. Past this junction, another interchange at Union Park Avenue appears. Another grade-separated ramp from Union Park Avenue is present. The freeway enters Murray as an interchange serving westbound motorists connects to 280 East and State Street (U.S. Route 89, or US-89). Eastbound travelers connect to State Street further west at a separate exit. The road turns northwest for a short time to approach a junction at I-15 (often called the South Interchange).", "id": "9551591" }, { "contents": "List of state routes in Connecticut\n\n\n. Routes are signed state highways and are assigned numbers from 1 to 399 (with the exception of I-684 and I-691). All state, U.S. and Interstate highways are part of the same numbering system. In 1926, the U.S. highway system was implemented. U.S. Routes 1, 5, 6, and 7 were used as designations on several primary state highways, replacing New England routes 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. The other New England routes that were not re-designated as U.S. routes became ordinary", "id": "5492536" }, { "contents": "Interstate 291 (Massachusetts)\n\n\ndirectly through highly populated areas of Springfield, and passes under several overpasses. From its southwestern terminus to exit 5A, Interstate 291 is concurrent with U.S. Route 20. I-291 is only from Interstate 291 in Connecticut, and there are no intervening Interstate Highway interchanges between them. It can be easy for travelers to become confused between the two highways. Interstate 291 begins as a spur of Interstate 91 at Exit 8 in Springfield, concurrent with U.S. 20, which merges from the north. The two entry ramps from I-91 merge with each", "id": "1778230" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 15\n\n\nprovides access to the end of the Sprinter commuter train line. Shortly thereafter, I-15 Business intersects County Route S14, and then interchanges with State Route 78. The interchange is the last interchange on the 78 before its freeway status ends, and there are only ramps for a westbound entrance or eastbound exit. Continuing north, I-15 Business intersects with El Norte Parkway, a major arterial road, before reconnecting with Interstate 15 at I-15 exit 34 near the northern city limits of Escondido. Though the street itself continues northward well on into", "id": "15434009" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 9\n\n\nSaybrook to I-91 in Cromwell is known as the \"Chester Bowles Highway\". The section from I-91 in Cromwell to Exit 24 in Berlin is known as the \"Korean War Veterans Memorial Highway\". The section from Route 72 in New Britain to Route 175 in Newington is known as the \"Taras Shevchenko Expressway\". The section from Route 175 in Newington to the junction with I-84 is known as the \"Iwo Jima Memorial Expressway\". The road connecting Deep River (then known as Saybrook) and Wethersfield along the west", "id": "15881247" }, { "contents": "Colorado State Highway 74\n\n\nthe Evergreen Parkway segment to four lanes and constructing an interchange with I-70. SH 74 begins at an interchange with I-70 in El Rancho. Ramps from I-70 westbound branch off the freeway's exit 252 from the north side and cross the highway southwestward. Access to SH 74 from I-70 eastbound is provided via U.S. Highway 40 (US 40) a slight distance to the west. From I-70, the roadway heads southwesterly through El Rancho, meeting an intersection with US 40 (Swede Gulch Road). The route heads westward before turning", "id": "12873578" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 84\n\n\nsoutheast corner of that intersection, and the contemporary but still traditional Brigham City Utah Temple on the southwest corner. UT 13 ends at the southern terminus of the overlap of US 89/91, and BL-15/84 makes a sharp right turn along southbound US 91, while South Main Street is taken over by southbound US 89. US 91/BL-15/84 runs west along West 1100th Street South. BL-15/84 ends at Exit 362, a diverging diamond interchange with I-15/84, while West 1100th Street South continues into the I-15 frontage road, and becomes a dead", "id": "6061977" }, { "contents": "Interstate 384\n\n\naccess to I-384 is provided through a complex interchange that also provides access from Pleasant Valley Road near Buckland Hills Mall and from I-291. I-384's first exit is for Spencer Street. The eastbound ramp is on the I-384 mainline, while the westbound ramp comes from a split in the I-84 interchange ramp. Just east of the Spencer Street overpass, the ramp from westbound I-84 joins the I-384 mainline and the HOV lane becomes a conventional lane. I-384 continues along the southern part of Manchester. It has one interchange before it intersects Route", "id": "10503365" }, { "contents": "Interstate 78 in New Jersey\n\n\ninto Springfield Township. The freeway passes near First Watchung Mountain before coming to the Route 24 interchange, where suburban development becomes more dense. At Route 24, I-78 divides into local and express lanes, with three express and three local lanes eastbound and two express and three local lanes westbound. In this section of the highway, most access is via the local lanes, though the next exit for Route 124 includes a direct westbound onramp to the express lanes. Before Route 124, I-78 briefly runs east through Millburn in Essex County", "id": "16353906" }, { "contents": "California State Route 237\n\n\n85. Westbound traffic can connect to Route 85 southbound, but the eastbound traffic connection to Route 85 northbound is labeled as an exit for U.S. 101. Route 237 intersects with Highway 101 at the southern corner of Moffett Field. After this intersection, a carpool lane is added, for a total of three lanes in either direction. It remains like this until the east end of the freeway at Interstate 880, where most eastbound traffic is directed to northbound I-880. The route then becomes a city street (an arterial road)", "id": "9003349" }, { "contents": "Massachusetts Route 141\n\n\nas Easthampton Road, crossing roads south of Mount Tom. Crossing through the Rock Valley section of Holyoke, the highway passes south of the Whiting Reservoir and Wyckoff Country Club, entering the Smiths Valley section. Through Smiths Valley, Route 141 runs southeast through a residential neighborhood, reaching a ramp to Interstate 91 southbound (I-91 exit 17). After another turn, the route crosses into a trumpet interchange with I-91 northbound, becoming a one-way couplet through downtown Holyoke. Route 141 eastbound runs along Dwight Street while Route 141", "id": "2532205" }, { "contents": "Interstate 295 (Delaware–Pennsylvania)\n\n\nof Penndel. Following this interchange, the freeway runs south-southeast near suburban residential areas as it heads west of Levittown. I-295 enters Bristol Township and terminates at an interchange with I-95 at I-276 (Pennsylvania Turnpike). At this interchange, I-295 merges into southbound I-95, with access from westbound I-295 to southbound I-95 and from northbound I-95 to eastbound I-295; there are no ramps connecting I-295 and the Pennsylvania Turnpike. In the 1927 New Jersey state highway renumbering, Route 39 was legislated to begin at the Yardley–Wilburtha Bridge", "id": "9627779" }, { "contents": "James River Freeway\n\n\n. The portion of the James River Freeway between I-44 and the interchange with US 60 and Route 413 is designated as Route 360. Other than its endpoints, there is only one interchange on the route: Route MM in Brookline (now part of Republic). Exit markers for the highway mark the road as the James River Freeway and have no control cities, only \"To Route 60\" eastbound and \"To I-44\" westbound. The control cities between US 60 and US 65 are Republic westbound and Rogersville eastbound. At", "id": "6615288" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 6 in Rhode Island\n\n\nturns south on the I-295 collector/distributor roads to the west end of that freeway. The south interchange of US 6 and I-295 has numerous ramp stubs once intended for a western continuation of the Roberts Expressway as Interstate 84. The six-lane Roberts Expressway has interchanges with Route 5, U.S. Route 6A, Route 128, and US 6A again on its way to Olneyville. It crosses from Johnston into Providence just west of the bridge over Route 128. At the second US 6A interchange, the older Olneyville Bypass begins,", "id": "21794194" }, { "contents": "Flatbush Avenue Connector\n\n\nstate proposed the corridor as the Cedar Ridge Connector with no number, leading from its current terminus at I-84 to U.S. 5/Route 15 in Wethersfield. The short expressway planned to include an interchange with a planned but cancelled Route 71 expressway leading to New Britain. Circa 2015, the viaduct carrying the northbound ramp to Eastbound I-84 was removed, and a new alignment adjacent to the southbound off ramp from Westbound I-84 was built. Exit 45 is currently an incomplete interchange, with ramps only for I-84 westbound to SR 504 (left", "id": "5839909" }, { "contents": "Interstate 195 (New Jersey)\n\n\ndesignation west and south, along existing I-95 instead. I-195's western terminus is at a modified cloverleaf interchange with I-295 in Hamilton Township, Mercer County, located southeast of the city of Trenton. From this end, the freeway continues north into Trenton as Route 29. I-195 serves as the southern continuation of Route 29, continuing east from I-295 as a six-lane expressway, passing between suburban neighborhoods to the north and the Crosswicks Creek to the south. After the exit for US 206, the highway narrows to four lanes", "id": "14760197" }, { "contents": "Massachusetts Route 25\n\n\nRoute 25 west mainline onto Route 495 north, with the right-hand lane serving I-195 via Exit 1. From I-195, Route 25 east is accessible via Exit 22A; I-195 terminates at the interchange. Interstate 495 also terminates at its junction with Route 25; the two southbound lanes of I-495 default onto Route 25 east. After the interchange with I-195 and I-495, Route 25 begins to head in a southeastern direction into the town of Wareham as a six-lane freeway. The route passes under Tihonet Road and through Maple", "id": "18239659" }, { "contents": "California State Route 56\n\n\ncompleted in 1995 after several lawsuits filed by the Sierra Club and other community groups. The two ends were not connected until the middle portion of the freeway was completed in 2004. The delay was largely due to funding issues and environmental concerns. Eastbound SR 56 begins as a ramp from the northbound I-5's local bypass lanes. The interchange is not complete; southbound I-5 traffic must exit to Carmel Valley Road before entering SR 56. Westbound traffic on SR 56 merges into the southbound I-5 local bypass lanes, which provide access to", "id": "2729277" }, { "contents": "Utah State Route 161\n\n\nState Route 161 (SR-161) is a long state highway, designated as a rural major connector, completely within Millard County in central Utah. The highway connects Interstate 70 (I-70) to I-15 while providing service to historic Cove Fort. The route was once part of U.S. Route 91 (US-91), but was renumbered to SR-161 in the 1970s, in parallel with the construction of I-70. Located entirely in southeastern Millard County, SR-161 starts at a diamond interchange with the westernmost exit on I-70 before it terminates at I-15.", "id": "14472451" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 in Connecticut\n\n\nbrief concurrency with Route 72 to the New Britain city line. From the Route 72 junction through Farmington, West Hartford, and into Hartford, I-84 has many left-hand exits and entrances and sharp curves, which were built for a planned network of freeways. In Farmington, US 6 joins I-84 once again at exit 38, and both meet the northern end of the Route 9 expressway at a half-used multi-level stack interchange that was originally planned to be part of the mostly-cancelled I-291 Hartford Beltway.", "id": "14727150" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 40\n\n\nan interchange. Route 40 begins from northbound I-91 in North Haven as the Exit 10 off-ramp. The designation runs for along the exit ramp. The expressway then proceeds northwest and is joined by on-ramps from Bailey Road and southbound I-91. The I-91 interchange includes an overpass over the Quinnipiac River and railroad tracks. About past the I-91 interchange, the road crosses over another set of railroad tracks, then has an interchange with U.S. Route 5. Access to and from US 5 is via Dixwell Avenue (SR 717", "id": "15644232" }, { "contents": "Interstate 695 (District of Columbia)\n\n\nsome remaining \"To I-395\" signage can still be found along I-695 westbound. The new signs designate I-695 as extending from the point where I-395 branches off from the Southeast Freeway, with I-695 continuing along the Southeast Freeway and over the new 11th Street Bridge to the interchange with I-295. However, some commentators contend the new signage is confusing and that the Southeast Freeway is often confused with Baltimore's Beltway, a highway with the same route designation. The entire route is in Washington, D.C. Exits were unnumbered until July 2014.", "id": "13815020" }, { "contents": "California State Route 91\n\n\nState Route 91 (SR 91) is a major east–west state highway in the U.S. state of California that serves several regions of the Greater Los Angeles urban area. A freeway throughout its entire length, it officially runs from Vermont Avenue in Gardena, just west of the junction with the Harbor Freeway (Interstate 110, I-110), east to Riverside at the junction with the Pomona (SR 60 west of SR 91) and Moreno Valley (SR 60 and I-215 east of SR 91) freeways. Though signs along", "id": "4945631" }, { "contents": "Tennessee State Route 182\n\n\nState Route 182 (abbreviated SR 182) is a secondary state highway in western Dyer County, Tennessee. This route is primarily rural in nature throughout its length. The first of SR 182 from its southern terminus with SR 104 to Interstate 155 is a modern two-lane facility with a speed limit. I-155 ended at Exit 7 during the 1970s and this section of SR 182 also served as a temporary link to SR 104 for eastbound motorists until the freeway was completed to Exit 15. SR 182 north of I-155 to its", "id": "12693771" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 4 in New Hampshire\n\n\nI-93 southbound, and runs along the freeway until Exit 15E in Concord. At this interchange, US-4 leaves I-93 and joins Interstate 393 and U.S. Route 202 which run eastbound out of the city. The two U.S. routes overlap I-393 to its terminus in the northern corner of Pembroke. I-393 then ends, and US-4/US-202 merge onto Route 9 eastbound through Chichester and into Epsom. The road crosses Route 28 at the Epsom Traffic Circle, then continues east and intersects Route 107, forming a long four-route concurrency into Northwood", "id": "19470164" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 9\n\n\nriver, it passes through the towns of Essex, Deep River, Chester, Haddam, and Middletown). After its junction with Interstate 91 in Cromwell, Route 9 continues westward then northward, running through the Hartford area towns/cities of Berlin, New Britain, Newington, and Farmington. At the junction with I-84/US 6 near the Farmington - West Hartford town line, Route 9 follows the ramps for eastbound I-84 and ends at the merge with I-84 immediately after crossing the town line. Route 9 has a non", "id": "15881245" }, { "contents": "Maryland Route 32\n\n\nCSX line) and several industrial parks in Annapolis Junction. MD 32 continues northwest into Savage, where the highway has a cloverleaf interchange with US 1 (Washington Boulevard) that includes collector-distributor lanes in both directions. North of Savage, the freeway has a partial cloverleaf interchange with I-95 that has a pair of left-exiting ramps from westbound MD 32 to southbound I-95 and from eastbound MD 32 to northbound I-95; because of these left exits, I-95 is configured differently in that its southbound lanes pass under MD 32 and", "id": "8470347" }, { "contents": "Interstate 95 in Massachusetts\n\n\nto eight lanes. Then the highway passes through Newton, then enters Weston and has a large interchange with the Massachusetts Turnpike (I-90) that provides connections to nearby Route 30. There is a fourth lane after the interchange with Route 9. Exits 23, 24, and 25 are one combined exit northbound. I-95 and Route 128 are due west of Boston at this point and begin to turn to the northeast, serving the city of Waltham and the town of Lexington along the way. The freeway has an interchange with Route", "id": "18993893" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 372\n\n\nthe Mattabesset River, intersecting I-91 at Exit 21. It then widens to 4 lanes, and intersects the northern end of Route 217. Farther east, it crosses Route 3 before meeting Route 9 once again at Exit 19. It then turns southeast to at an intersection with Route 99 at the Cromwell town center. Route 72 was established in the 1932 state highway renumbering between Route 66 in Middletown and Route 10 Plainville. By the beginning of 1963, after the implementation of the 1962 Route Reclassification Act, Route 72 was extended", "id": "8495485" }, { "contents": "Interstate 664\n\n\nhas a connection to Portsmouth through Virginia State Route 164 (SR 164) and to Suffolk via U.S. Route 13, US 58, and US 460. I-664 begins at a full Y interchange with I-64 and I-264 that serves as the terminus of all three Interstates in the Bowers Hill section of the city of Chesapeake. I-64 heads southeast as a continuation of the Hampton Roads Beltway through Chesapeake while I-264 heads east toward Portsmouth and Norfolk. I-664 heads west as an eight-lane freeway that has a southbound-only exit ramp to", "id": "13145352" }, { "contents": "Virginia State Route 194\n\n\ncloverleaf interchange with I-64 (Hampton Roads Beltway) that only contains ramps in the northeast and southwest quadrants of the interchange. Northbound SR 194 has an exit ramp to and an entrance ramp from westbound I-64. Southbound SR 194 has an exit ramp to and an entrance ramp from eastbound I-64. The missing connections with I-64 are made via SR 247 to the south and SR 165 (Little Creek Road) to the north of the Interstate. North of SR 165, SR 194 becomes a four-lane divided highway north to its", "id": "19152409" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nalphabetic values to allow for future system expansion. The alphabetic naming suffixes are included as small letters on the bottom of reassurance shields. The Glenrio business spur of Interstate 40 begins at I-40 on exit 0 just east of the New Mexico-Texas state line. The highway runs south from the interchange towards Former route 66, then turns west along that decommissioned route where it terminates at the Texas-New Mexico State Line. The Adrian business loop of Interstate 40 begins at I-40 at exit 22 and runs along Former route 66 to", "id": "294158" }, { "contents": "Vermont Route 103\n\n\nand slightly better road across the Green Mountains to Rutland, it is a direct east–west road intersecting Interstate 91 significantly north of the diagonal 103. Numerous proposals to widen 103 into a two-lane freeway or similar limited-access roadway have failed, even though a substantial power company right of way shadows the road for much of its length. VT 103 begins at U.S. Route 5 in Rockingham just east of Interstate 91 and just north of Bellows Falls. From there, it interchanges with I-91 at exit 6 and proceeds", "id": "13506058" } ]

[ { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\nInterstate 691 (I-691) is a portion of the Interstate Highway System in Connecticut beginning at Interstate 91 in Meriden and ending at Interstate 84 near the Cheshire-Southington town line. It is in length, including of the exit ramp to the merge with westbound I-84. I-691 is also known as the Henry D. Altobello Highway for its entire length. I-691 is the main east–west highway of the city of Meriden. The freeway actually begins in Middlefield as Route 66, technically becoming I-691 at the junction with I-91 (Exit", "id": "767379" }, { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\n11). However, westbound signage indicates I-691 begins at the start of the freeway (just west of Exit 13), while eastbound signage shows I-691 ending at the Route 15 interchange (at eastbound Exit 10 about west of the interchange with I-91). To go from I-91 northbound to I-691 westbound (or from I-691 eastbound to I-91 southbound), one must actually use Route 15. Exit 9 westbound provides access to Route 15 North. West of the I-91/Route 15 interchange, I-691 meets US 5, which provides", "id": "767380" }, { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\n66. The highway was extended west to Exit 4 by 1971. The connection to I-84 was eventually completed in 1987, with the renumbering to I-691 done at the same time. The portion east of I-91 remained as Route 66. Environmental and community groups successfully blocked attempts to extend the freeway east of its present terminus due to potential impacts on the Mt. Higby Reservoir, which provides drinking water for the local area. A compromise was reached in the late 1990s allowing CONNDOT to convert Route 66 from a 2-lane road to 4 lanes", "id": "767383" }, { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\nat Exit 4. It then crosses the Quinnipiac River into Cheshire, where it has an interchange with Route 10, then continues west to end at I-84 at the Southington/Cheshire town line. The highway officially ends as it merges into I-84 West. In the 1940s, the I-691 routing was part of a planned US 6A Expressway from Southington to Willimantic. A section of the expressway (from its Middlefield terminus west to Exit 8) first opened in 1966. By 1968, the US 6A designation was dropped in favor of Route", "id": "767382" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 66\n\n\nRoute 66 is a Connecticut state highway running from Meriden to Windham, serving as an alternate east–west route to US 6 through east-central Connecticut. Route 66 officially begins at I-91 in Meriden as the extension of I-691, which officially ends at its interchange with I-91. This freeway portion runs for about into the town of Middlefield, where it becomes a four lane surface road. In Middlefield, it has junctions with the northern end of Route 147, and the southern end of Route 217. It then enters Middletown", "id": "16691092" }, { "contents": "Interstate 91\n\n\nUS 5 begins at the first of its many interchanges with the freeway. Leaving New Haven, I-91 follows a northeastward trek into North Haven, where it meets the southern end of the Route 40 expressway. It travels through the eastern part of Wallingford before entering the eastern part of the city of Meriden. In Meriden, about halfway between Hartford and New Haven, I-91 sees a complex set of interchanges with the Wilbur Cross Parkway (Route 15), the Route 66 expressway, and its first spur route, I-691. I-691", "id": "8976770" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 15\n\n\nmore northeasterly in North Haven. Major junctions include the Milford Parkway (SR 796), a connector providing access to Interstate 95 and US 1 beginning just east of the Sikorsky Bridge; US 5 in Wallingford; and a complex set of interchanges in Meriden providing access to I-91, I-691, and the Route 66 expressway. The parkway ends about a mile north of I-691 as US 5 joins Route 15 and the road becomes a four-lane divided highway with signalized and at-grade intersections known as the Berlin Turnpike. After", "id": "14881517" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 66\n\n\nthe expressway from US 5 in Meriden to Middlefield (where the current expressway ends) opened to traffic. By 1968, the US 6A designation was removed and split into several routes. The section from I-84 in Southington to US 6 in Columbia was renumbered as Route 66, including the newly opened freeway segment. In 1971, another section of the Route 66 freeway opened from between Route 322 and US 5. In 1987, with the completion of the freeway connection to I-84, the section of Route 66 west of I-91 was", "id": "16691099" }, { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\naccess to Route 15 North for eastbound traffic. Exit 7 provides access to Downtown Meriden. Westbound traffic exits onto State Street Extension, while eastbound traffic enters onto Columbia Street. Exits 6 and 5 provide access to Route 71, as well as access to Westfield Meriden. Exit 6 exits to Lewis Avenue, while Exit 5 exits directly to Route 71. From here, I-691 passes along the north side of Hubbard Park as well as by Castle Craig before it crosses into Southington. It then meets the eastern end of Route 322", "id": "767381" }, { "contents": "Interstate 291 (Connecticut)\n\n\nInterstate 291 (I-291) is a short Interstate Highway in the state of Connecticut that starts at I-91 at its junction with Route 218 in Windsor and ends at I-84 in Manchester. It serves as a northeastern bypass of Hartford. The official length of I-291 is , including of the exit ramp to the merge with eastbound I-84. I-291 is also known as the Vietnam Veterans Memorial Highway for its entire length. I-291 begins at I-91 in Windsor at an interchange that also provides access to and from Route 218. Heading southeast, I-291", "id": "4834367" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 in Connecticut\n\n\ncity of Waterbury, where it intersects the Route 8 expressway and crosses the Naugatuck River on an elevated dual-decked viaduct known locally as The Mixmaster. After passing through Cheshire, I-84 intersects the western end of I-691 at the Cheshire–Southington town line, which is also the New Haven–Hartford county line. I-84 turns more northerly for a stretch to exit 31 (Route 229), which provides access to Lake Compounce Amusement Park and ESPN World Headquarters. The freeway heads more northeasterly to Plainville, where it has a", "id": "14727149" }, { "contents": "Interstate 384\n\n\nInterstate 384 (I-384) is an Interstate Highway located entirely within the state of Connecticut. It runs east to west, going from Interstate 84 in East Hartford to U.S. Route 6/U.S. Route 44 in Bolton. I-384 officially begins at I-84 eastbound Exit 59 at the East Hartford/Manchester town line, as the right 2 lanes of traffic split from the I-84 mainline. The highway can also be accessed from the I-84 eastbound HOV lane, and westbound I-384 traffic can also access the HOV lane on westbound I-84. Westbound I-84", "id": "10503364" }, { "contents": "Special routes of U.S. Route 6\n\n\n6A from Plymouth–Farmington, this became US 6A. This US 6A was subsequently extended through Meriden to Willimantic along modern Route 66. An expressway upgrade was planned for this US 6A. Only a portion of the highway was built and is now I-691. U.S. Route 6A (US 6A) between Coventry and Windham was designated when New England Interstate Route 3 (NE-3) was deleted. The route was swapped with the old US 6 in 1939 and finally deleted in 1942 when US 6A became Route 31. U.S. Route 6A (US", "id": "10795785" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 (Pennsylvania–Massachusetts)\n\n\nNew Milford. Route 6 leaves the interstate at the next exit, and I-84 continues east across the countryside. At Exit 11, it turns to the northeast and descends to cross the Housatonic River on the Rochambeau Bridge, into New Haven County. It then climbs onto higher ground to the city of Waterbury, which it passes on an elevated viaduct with the eastbound and westbound lanes on different levels. Here the CT 8 expressway intersects. The eastern heading continues past Waterbury to Milldale, where Interstate 691 splits off to the east", "id": "12185438" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 120\n\n\nRoute 120 is a state highway in Connecticut, running entirely in the town of Southington. It serves as a more direct connection between the town center of Southington and the city of Meriden. Route 120 begins at an intersection with Route 322 in southeastern Southington, just west of the Meriden city line and about from an interchange with I-691. It heads in a northwest direction, crossing Misery Brook about later, passing by the St. Thomas Cemetery, then intersecting with Route 364 after another . Route 120 ends at an intersection with Route", "id": "21983096" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 322\n\n\nmeets Route 10 at a grade separated intersection. It briefly crosses into Cheshire before crossing the Quinnipiac River and reentering southeastern Southington. It meets the southern end of Route 120 before ending at an interchange with I-691 near the Southington-Meriden town line. The road continues into Meriden as West Main Street. Route 322 was established in 1963, running from Route 69 to then US 6A (Meriden Road) in Wolcott. The year before becoming a signed route, Route 322 was taken over by the state and designated as unsigned SR", "id": "8420887" }, { "contents": "Interstate 91\n\n\n. As such, it is almost always heavily trafficked (especially during rush hour), and maintains at least three lanes in each direction through Connecticut except for a short portion in Hartford at the interchange with I-84 and in Meriden at the interchange with Route 15. The three cities also serve as Connecticut's control points along its length of the Interstate. I-91 begins just east of downtown New Haven at an interchange with I-95 (the Connecticut Turnpike), and Route 34. At the bottom of the ramp for exit 5,", "id": "8976769" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 66\n\n\nIt ran from the Milldale section of Southington, via Meriden and Middletown, to Willimantic. In the 1932 state highway renumbering, old Highway 111 was designated as part of Route 14, which extended from Woodbury to the Rhode Island state line. In 1941, the section of Route 14 from Woodbury to Willimantic was redesignated as US 6A, connecting at US 6 on both ends. In the early 1960s, plans for constructing a US 6A expressway between I-84 in Southington and Willimantic were announced. By 1966, a short portion of", "id": "16691098" }, { "contents": "Interstate 66\n\n\nfrom eastbound I-66 to the West Falls Church Metro station at the Leesburg Pike (Virginia State Route 7) interchange and will provide a new bridge for the W&OD Trail over Lee Highway (Virginia State Route 29). In Washington D.C., I-66 was planned to extend east of its current terminus along the North Leg of the Inner Loop freeway. I-66 would have also met the eastern terminus of a planned Interstate 266 at US 29, and the western terminus of the South Leg Freeway (I-695) at US 50; I-266 would", "id": "9038810" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 10\n\n\n. It then turns north onto Dixwell Avenue, and intersects the Wilbur Cross Parkway (Route 15) at Exit 60. In the center of Hamden, it turns onto Whitney Avenue. Proceeding northward, it encounters the northern end of the Route 40 freeway and the western end of Route 22 . In Cheshire, it meets the eastern end of Route 42, and has a brief triplex with Routes 68 and 70. At the north end of town is a junction with I-691 at Exit 3. It then enters Southington, where", "id": "16098035" }, { "contents": "Interstate 80 in Iowa\n\n\nthe east at the Jordan Creek Parkway exit. The highway adds a third lane eastbound and drops the third lane westbound. Almost to the east is the interchange with I-35, which also marks the beginning of I-235. Eastbound I-80 exits the freeway via a flyover ramp to northbound I-35; eastbound I-235 begins as the continuation of the I-80 freeway. Locally, this exit is called the West Mixmaster. I-80 shares the next with I-35 on a six-lane freeway where each direction's three lanes are separated by a Jersey barrier.", "id": "3837266" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 68\n\n\nto its junction with I-91 at Exit 15. After overpassing I-91 and passing a couple of business parks, Route 68 becomes a 2 lane road once again. It then enters Durham, where it passes the southern end of Route 157 before ending at Route 17 in the center of town. The road connecting Naugatuck and Cheshire was designated in 1922 as State Highway 325. In the 1932 state highway renumbering, former Highway 325 was renumbered to Route 68. The route was later extended east to Middlefield in 1966 along former SR 607", "id": "3645090" }, { "contents": "Interstate 480 (Nebraska–Iowa)\n\n\nLeavenworth neighborhood from the Old Market neighborhood. Shortly after the Leavenworth Street exit is the Harney Street exit, which provides access to U.S. Route 6 from eastbound I-480. before the North Freeway interchange, I-480 passes beneath Dodge and Douglas Streets, which are the westbound and eastbound lanes of U.S. 6, respectively. Just to the southwest of the Creighton University campus is the North Freeway interchange, where US 75 leaves eastbound I-480 and joins westbound. The North Freeway was originally planned to be an Interstate Highway, \"I-580\", connecting", "id": "10317788" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nExit 110 leading to the I-40 frontage road along the eastbound lanes, which suddenly becomes a divided highway named \"Route 66.\" The first intersection is a connecting road to the parts of the interchange with the eastbound on-ramp, as well as the frontage roads along the westbound lanes, leading to the western terminus of the business loop. Shortly after this is the barely paved Carson County Road BB. The divided highway ends just west of TX FM 295 and Carson County Road CC (Western Avenue), and gains", "id": "294168" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 in New York\n\n\n6 and 202 closely parallel I-84 to the north, between the freeway and one of the upper basins of East Branch Reservoir, part of New York City's water supply system. The northern terminus of NY 121 lets eastbound traffic on and westbound traffic off. Two miles (3.2 km) to the east, Signs appear for Saw Mill Road, exit 1 on Connecticut's stretch of I-84, and its ramps leave the highway just a hundred feet (30 m) before the state line. The route of I-84 through the", "id": "995373" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 34\n\n\nLegion Avenue, later becoming South Frontage Road (former Oak Street), while westbound Route 34 uses North Frontage Road. The eastbound section running along Legion Avenue and South Frontage Road (1.03 miles) is town-maintained. The corresponding westbound section along North Frontage Road is officially designated as State Road 706 but is signed as Route 34 West. Route 34 then continues along the Oak Street Connector, a six-lane freeway that connects to I-91 and I-95. The freeway portion has two westbound exits and three eastbound entrances,", "id": "5492586" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nfor BL-40, because south of this intersection is an approach to a westbound on-eastbound off wye interchange with I-40. Immediately after this intersection, BL-40 ends at an eastbound on-westbound off wye interchange with I-40. The Clinton business loop of Interstate 40 is the fourth business route of I-40 in Oklahoma, running from exit 65 to exit 69, although only part of the route runs along former US 66. The route begins at exit 65, which is an eastbound flyover with no re-entry, and a westbound", "id": "294183" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nand maintenance facility, and then leaves the frontage road at the on ramp to eastbound I-40, where it meets its terminus. The frontage roads along both sides of I-40 continue through three more interchanges before crossing the Texas-Oklahoma State Line. The Erick business loop of Interstate 40 is the first business route of I-40 in Oklahoma. It begins on exit 5 (Honeyfarm Drive) and runs south into North 1720th Road until that street ends at a four-lane divided highway known as East 1240th Road (former Route 66)", "id": "294176" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 542\n\n\nRoute 542 (also known as Ferguson Road) is a state road in northern Connecticut. It is contained inside the town of Vernon. It runs from Route 533 to Route 541. Route 542 begins at Route 543 (Tunnel Road) in the central portion of the town of Vernon. It then heads east for about before intersecting with exit 66 on Interstate 84 (I-84}. Only travelers on westbound I-84 can exit onto Route 542, and that travelers on Route 542 can only get onto westbound I-84. About from the", "id": "1160744" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 71\n\n\nas it intersects West Main Street. While southbound traffic may continue from West Main Street onto Cook Avenue, northbound traffic must turn right onto Hanover Street, then left onto South Grove Street, and left onto West Main Street to continue. Once reunited, Route 71 proceeds west on West Main Street before turning north onto Chamberlain Highway. It then crosses I-691 at Exit 5, with access to and from the west. It then crosses into Berlin, passing the eastern end of Route 364 before turning northeast as the Chamberlain Highway becomes", "id": "18857060" }, { "contents": "Interstate 91\n\n\nparallels the river, never more than from its shore. I-91 then enters the Hartford city limits. In Hartford, I-91 it has a set of interchanges with US 5/Route 15 (Wilbur Cross Highway), which provides access from I-91 north to I-84 east, and from I-84 west to I-91 south via the Charter Oak Bridge. I-91 then has an interchange with I-84, where all other movements to and from I-84 take place. Before leaving the city limits, an HOV lane begins that has its own set of interchanges", "id": "8976772" }, { "contents": "Interstate 210 (Louisiana)\n\n\nShip Channel. At the southeastern end of the bridge, the highway meets with exit 3, Prien Lake Road, eastbound. I-210 heads east through Lake Charles, turning 90 degrees at exit 8, LA 14/Gerstner Memorial Drive. The highway then heads north towards its eastern terminus with I-10 just east of Lake Charles. Though portions of the freeway run north-south, the entire route is signed east-west. All of I-210 is included as part of the National Highway System, a system of roadways important to", "id": "2671252" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 95 in California\n\n\nChemehuevi Mountains before entering the city of Needles after several miles. After passing the Needles Municipal Airport, US 95 merges onto I-40 westbound and continues through Needles on the freeway. US 95 exits from I-40 west of Needles and continues northwest to Searchlight Junction, where US 95 continues north at the junction with the old routing of US 66. The highway continues north, east of Homer Mountain, to the Nevada state line. US 95 is part of the California Freeway and Expressway System, and a small portion near I-10 and the", "id": "21402148" }, { "contents": "Interstate 66\n\n\nInterstate 66 (I-66) is an Interstate Highway in the eastern United States. As indicated by its even route number, it runs in an east–west direction. Its current western terminus is near Middletown, Virginia, at an interchange with I-81; its eastern terminus is in Washington, D.C., at an interchange with U.S. Route 29. Because of its terminus in the Shenandoah Valley, the highway was once called the \"Shenandoah Freeway.\" Much of the route parallels U.S. Route 29 or Virginia State Route 55. Interstate", "id": "9038774" }, { "contents": "Interstate 95 in Connecticut\n\n\nof around 150,000 throughout the entire length between the New York state line and the junction with I-91 in New Haven. The Turnpike intersects with several major expressways, namely US 7 at Exit 15 in Norwalk, Route 8 and Route 25 at Exit 27A in Bridgeport (quickest way to I-84 from southwest CT), the Merritt and Wilbur Cross Parkways at Exit 38 (via the Milford Parkway) in Milford, and Interstate 91 at Exit 48 in New Haven. North (east) of I-91, the Turnpike continues along the Connecticut", "id": "5620386" }, { "contents": "Missouri Route 96\n\n\nRoute 96 was redesignated as Route YY west of Route 171 when Kansas deleted the eastern part of K-96. Route 96 begins at a partial interchange with Interstate 44 (I-44) just west of Halltown (there is no access to westbound I-44 or from eastbound I-44). The highway is a two-lane road and is relatively straight all the way to Carthage. Approximately west of I-44 is the western terminus of Route 266. Approximately further west, Route 96 is joined by Historic Route 66. At Albatross, is an intersection", "id": "11824778" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nI-40, and the former segment of US 66 along the north side continues as one of the two I-40 frontage roads. The Amarillo business loop of Interstate 40 begins at I-40 exit 62A just west of Amarillo. The highway was formerly a business route for Route 66, being that highway's only bannered route in Texas. Bus. I-40 D is known locally as Amarillo Boulevard and is the longest buisness route of Interstate 40. Bus. I-40 D begins at Interstate 40 exit 62A just west of Amarillo near Cadillac Ranch. The", "id": "294164" }, { "contents": "Interstate 540 and North Carolina Highway 540\n\n\nto the Western Wake Freeway and future Southern and Eastern Wake Freeways. As of January 2013, the North Carolina state route traverses east–west from I-40, in Durham County to NC 55, in Holly Springs. Initially intended to be signed as an extension of the I-540 loop, the first section of the route bears mile markers and exit numbers for the complete Interstate loop, going from 66 to 69. In Mid-2012, this section of the beltway became part of the Triangle Expressway. No portion of I-540 is tolled.", "id": "6204061" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 229\n\n\nRoute 229 is a state highway in the western Greater Hartford area of the U.S. state of Connecticut. It runs north–south from Interstate 84 in Southington to U.S. Route 6 in Bristol. Along the way, it intersects Route 72 in the Forestville section of Bristol. Route 229 nominally begins at the end of the eastbound Exit 31 off-ramp of I-84 in western Southington, heading northward along West Street. State maintenance and the official southern end of Route 229 actually begins about south of the off-ramp. West Street", "id": "7429975" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nwhich focuses on the roads former status as Route 66. The commercial strip ends after a dirt road named North Tennessee Street. \"Route 66\" splits from East 12th Street at an intersection that's another connecting road to the eastbound off-ramp of Exit 164, the then runs over the overpass above I-40 to turn right at the frontage road along the westbound lanes leading to the western beginning of the business loop. Eastbound Business Interstate Route 40-J narrows down to a two-lane undivided highway before passing by a TxDOT construction", "id": "294175" }, { "contents": "Highway revolts in the United States\n\n\nInterstate 291 beltway west of Interstate 91, the proposed Interstate 484 expressway through the downtown, and the proposed Interstate 284 expressway between East Hartford and South Windsor, and Interstate 491 from Wethersfield to Manchester. After these freeways were cancelled, the State of Connecticut used the funds allocated for their construction to rebuild and expand existing freeways in the Greater Hartford area. In 1992 the Route 9 Expressway was extended north from I-91 in New Britain to Interstate 84 in Farmington, completing what would have been the southwest quadrant of the I-291 beltway;", "id": "256037" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 in Connecticut\n\n\nthe northern end of the Route 15 expressway, it inherits the Wilbur Cross Highway name for the rest of its length. From 1968 until 1984, the I-84 designation ended here, and the highway became I-86 for the rest of its length, as I-84 was once planned to be built east toward Providence, Rhode Island. I-84 intersects one of the remnants of the abandoned project, I-384, as part of a series of complex interchanges in Manchester including the end of the US 6 concurrency at exit 60, and a connection to", "id": "14727152" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nfrontage roads along the westbound lanes leading to the western beginning of the business loop, and an unorthodox roadside attraction known as the Leaning Tower of Texas. Business Interstate Route 40-F ends at the on ramp to eastbound I-40, as does the divided former US 66, which is converted back into the frontage road along the eastbound lanes of I-40. The McLean business loop of Interstate 40 runs from exit 141 to 143. Officially designated as Business Interstate 40-H by the Texas Department of Transportation, it begins at I-40 at an eastbound flyover", "id": "294170" }, { "contents": "Maryland Route 53\n\n\nstate highway then meets its northern terminus at an intersection with US 40 Alternate in La Vale. Access to westbound I-68 is provided a short distance to the east on US 40 Alternate. MD 53 is part of US 220 Truck, which provides access from Interstate 68 (I-68) west of La Vale to southbound US 220 for trucks due to a truck prohibition on the eastbound exit ramp for I-68's interchange with US 220. The state highway is part of the main National Highway System from US 220 to I-68; in addition", "id": "11898711" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 84\n\n\nend street at the truck stop along the aforementioned frontage road. Interstate 84 Business was a business loop of I-84 along in Morgan, Utah. It ran north along Utah State Route 66 at Exit 103 (State Street) to East 600th Street running along the north side of I-84 until the former westbound-off-ramp and eastbound on-ramp that was once westbound Exit 103 until the mid-1990s. Interstate 84 Business was a business loop of I-84 along in Henefer, Utah. It ran southeast along the southwest side of I-84", "id": "6061978" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 5 in Connecticut\n\n\nStreet becomes Broad Street after the intersection with Hall Avenue as it passes by the eastern part of the city, avoiding the downtown area. Past Olive Street, the road becomes divided with a wide grassy median. At the north end of the divided section, it has an intersection with East Main Street, the main east–west business route through the city. About north of East Main Street, US 5 has an interchange with I-691 (at exit 8). At the intersection with Brittania Street, the road becomes North Broad", "id": "5428414" }, { "contents": "Interstate 91\n\n\nthe river can also be easily accessed in this stretch. At exit 19 is the northern terminus of I-93, a major interstate highway in New England, which provides a direct route south through the White Mountains and to almost all major cities in New Hampshire. Just after exit 19, there are three exits for St. Johnsbury, including a major intersection with US 2. Along westbound US 2, the capital of Vermont, Montpelier, is eventually reached from I-91, although I-89 provides Montpelier with immediate Interstate access. I-91 continues northward", "id": "8976783" }, { "contents": "Massachusetts Turnpike\n\n\nand the seventh-longest gap between exits in the entire Interstate Highway System. The highest elevation on the turnpike exists in The Berkshires, reaching above sea level in Becket; this point is also the highest elevation on I-90 east of South Dakota. Beyond the peak elevation and between the exits, an eastbound runaway truck ramp exists in Russell. The turnpike has an interchange with I-91 and US 5 at exit 4 in West Springfield; it passes over the Connecticut River before reaching Route 33 at exit 5 and I-291 at exit 6", "id": "8595595" }, { "contents": "County Route 66 (California)\n\n\ncrossing paths with the freeway again at Fenner, before heading east on Goffs Road to the junction with US 95. Next, CR 66 cosigns along US 95 south to the junction with I-40, where both the US and county routes cosign with I-40 heading east towards Needles. CR 66 exits the freeway at River Road Cutoff, where it immediately turns onto National Trails Highway after exiting. The route follows National Trails Highway to its end on River Road, then begins its southeast journey into downtown Needles. After an interchange with I-40", "id": "21979064" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 (Pennsylvania–Massachusetts)\n\n\n. This section has many left-hand exits and entrances and sharp curves, which were built for a planned network of freeways. I-84 heads northeast towards New Britain and Hartford, the state capital and the largest community along its eastern length. After intersecting Interstate 91, the road crosses the Connecticut River on the Bulkeley Bridge, oldest on the Interstate system, then becomes the Wilbur Cross Highway and continues towards the northeast. The last exit in Connecticut is Exit 74, an exit for Route 171. I-84 crosses the Massachusetts border", "id": "12185439" }, { "contents": "Rhode Island Route 4\n\n\n. After exit 7, Route 4 continues northward as a six-lane expressway, passing farmlands to the west and entering a suburban region of East Greenwich. The highway crosses under an overpass at Middle Road before interchanging with Route 401, the freeway's final spur, at another partial cloverleaf interchange. Exit 8 is also used to access Route 2 and I-95 south, which has no direct freeway connection with Route 4 north. Shortly after exit 8, the Route 4 designation ends and the mainline of the highway defaults onto I-95", "id": "14737226" }, { "contents": "Cromwell, Connecticut\n\n\nis land and (4.03%) is water. A major north/south highway, Interstate 91, with two Cromwell exits, runs through the Town. The Central Connecticut Expressway (Route 9), opened at the end of 1989, enhances the Town's location as it connects I-95 in Old Saybrook, I-91 in Cromwell and I-84, the State's major east/west highway in New Britain. As of the census of 2010, there were 14,005 people, 5,212 households, and 3,262 families residing in the town.", "id": "17977773" }, { "contents": "Interstate 190 (South Dakota)\n\n\n16 westbound goes east on Omaha Street and eastbound runs north concurrently with I-190. I-190 then becomes a freeway, with an exit to North Street. I-190 then passes under Anamosa Street before an on-ramp from the northbound lanes of West Boulevard. Both US 16 and I-190 then terminate at a trumpet interchange with I-90/US 14/SD 79. Legally, the route of I-190 is defined at South Dakota Codified Laws § 31-4-203. I-190 was opened in 1962 to connect Rapid City to the recently completed", "id": "2672231" }, { "contents": "Interstate 210 and State Route 210 (California)\n\n\nfor the interchange between State Route 57 and the Foothill Freeway, Interstate 210. The \"curve\" portion refers to the interchange from the northbound lanes of State Route 57 to the westbound lanes of I-210, and from the eastbound lanes of I-210 to the southbound lanes of State Route 57. The origin of the name comes from its location in the city of Glendora. Prior to 2002, this interchange was entirely part of I-210, and the eastern terminus of I-210 ended several miles south of the curve at the Kellogg Interchange at", "id": "2671217" }, { "contents": "Interstate 78 in New Jersey\n\n\nEntering more commercial areas, Route 173 merges onto I-78/US 22 at exit 13. At exit 15, the highway interchanges with CR 513, and Route 173 splits from I-78/US 22 by heading north on CR 513. At this point, the freeway enters Franklin Township briefly at exit 15 and then enters Clinton where it crosses the South Branch Raritan River. I-78/US 22 turns northeast and leaves Clinton for Clinton Township, where it has an eastbound exit and westbound entrance for Route 173 that also provides access to", "id": "16353900" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 15\n\n\nlimits, the business route veers onto Center Street and follows that through the center of town. At the north end of the city, I-15 Bus. turns west and runs concurrently with US 30 to its northern end at I-15 Exit 47. Interstate 15 Business runs for exactly through Inkom in northern Bannock County. I-15 Bus. mostly follows Old Highway 91 between Exits 57 and 58, a pair of partial interchanges. Interstate 15 Business spans through Pocatello in northern Bannock County. I-15 Bus. begins at I-15 Exit 67, where", "id": "15434019" }, { "contents": "Interstate 10 in California\n\n\nI-10 down Interstate 5 between the East LA Interchange and the Santa Monica Freeway, negating a section of the San Bernardino Freeway west of I-5. This short section of Route 10 between Route 5 and Route 101, which was formerly defined as Route 110 (signed as Interstate 110) until 1968, is signed overhead for I-10 eastbound and for U.S. 101 westbound. This I-5/I-10 cosigning is consistent with the Federal Highway Administration's Interstate Highway route logs that such an overlap exists for the segment of I-10 in California. I-10 is", "id": "10298840" }, { "contents": "Nevada State Route 425\n\n\ncenter of Verdi, then southeast to its terminus at the I-80 East Verdi interchange (Exit 5). Although designated a state route and an Interstate business route, there are no route shields posted along the highway itself. The I-80 business route extends beyond the end of SR 425. From the highway's western terminus, I-80 Business follows Gold Ranch Road an additional south to end at an I-80 westbound onramp. The highway originally carried State Route 1 and later U.S. Route 40 on its trek west from Reno over Donner Pass towards", "id": "5840323" }, { "contents": "Interstate 516\n\n\ncurrent western terminus of I-516. In 1985, the entire highway from its then-current western terminus at Burnsed Blvd to Montgomery Street was designated as I-516. The freeway portion was extended westward to the interchange with SR 25 (Burnsed Blvd) and eastward to the current eastern terminus. Also US 17/SR 25 and US 80/SR 26 were re-routed along the freeway, from the West Bay Street exit to the Ogeechee Road exit. In 1995, US 17 had a major re-routing through the city", "id": "10860994" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 15\n\n\nState Route 28. Interstate 15 Business is a Business loop of Interstate 15 in Bringham City, and is also concurrent with Business Loop 84. It runs from an interchange at Exit 362 on I-15/84 at first along U.S. Route 91 to the intersection with U.S. Route 89 and UT 13. US 91 continues east along US 89, while BL 15/84 turns left to go north along UT 13 (South Main Street). Further in town, the road serves as the west end of Utah State Route 90. At Forest Street,", "id": "15434015" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 95 in Nevada\n\n\nthe Henderson Spaghetti Bowl (also known as the Hender-Bender) interchange of Interstate 215 and SR 564 and Interstate 515 begins. The freeway then heads west into Downtown Las Vegas, where it intersects Interstate 15. At the Spaghetti Bowl interchange, US 93 follows I-15 northbound and I-515 ends. US 95 heads west, then north at the Rainbow Curve. The freeway portion then ends at Corn Creek Road northwest of the Las Vegas Valley and then it becomes a brief four-lane divided highway. US 95 exits Clark County", "id": "7359006" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 15\n\n\nwhen it turns east onto Alameda Road, which becomes Pocatello Creek Road when it veers northeast to the business route's terminus at I-15 Exit 71. Interstate 15 Business has a length of through Blackfoot in central Bingham County. I-15 Bus. begins at I-15 Exit 89 near the northern end of the Fort Hall Indian Reservation and follows US 91 northeast parallel to the Union Pacific Railroad. The highways cross the Blackfoot River into the city of Blackfoot along Broadway Street. In downtown Blackfoot, the routes veer onto Main Street, then I-15", "id": "15434021" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 50 in Maryland\n\n\neastbound exit. Following this interchange, US 50 passes office parks and industrial development in New Carrollton. The highway reaches a hybrid turbine interchange with I-95/I-495, the Capital Beltway. At the I-95/I-495 interchange, the US 50 freeway becomes part of the Interstate Highway System as I-595, which is an unsigned highway. The road heads east as an ten-lane freeway, with the left lane in each direction designated as a high-occupancy vehicle lane (HOV lane). The freeway passes near residential development and", "id": "21110676" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nloop of Interstate 40 is the third business route of I-40 in Oklahoma. It runs northeast along former US 66 from eastbound exit 32 and turns east after the beginning of an overlap with OK 6 that runs along the route until OK 6 turns south at North Main Street. From there it snakes through the northeastern part of the city and after the intersection with OK 34 finally terminates with I-40 at westbound exit 41. The route begins at a left exit in a wye interchange with Interstate 40, which also serves as a connection", "id": "294180" }, { "contents": "Iowa Highway 330\n\n\nused as a connector between Des Moines and the Waterloo–Cedar Falls area. Iowa 330 begins at an interchange with Interstate 80 (I-80), U.S. Route 6 (US 6), and US 65 in Altoona. The I-80 freeway runs east–west; US 6 comes up from the southwest along Hubbell Avenue and joins eastbound I-80 while US 65 exits eastbound I-80 and turns onto Hubbell heading northeast. For the first of its routing, Iowa 330 shares the same roadway with US 65. The two routes head northeast on", "id": "10381823" }, { "contents": "Interstate 180 (Pennsylvania)\n\n\nat an interchange with U.S. Route 15 and U.S. Route 220. The highway begins its signage, concurrent along these routes. At exit 27A, US 15 leaves the overlap running south across the Carl E. Stotz Memorial Little League Bridge and I-180 continues eastward, still concurrent with US 220 northbound. From there, I-180 runs along the West Branch Susquehanna River until the highway reaches the eastern suburbs of Williamsport, where US 220 leaves the Interstate via exit 15. From US 220 to the eastern terminus, I-180 is aligned north–south", "id": "4494305" }, { "contents": "Interstate 76 (Ohio–New Jersey)\n\n\nJersey. After I-76 reaches its eastern terminus, the freeway continues as Route 42 and the Atlantic City Expressway to Atlantic City. I-76 begins at I-71 at exit 209, east of Lodi, Ohio; U.S. Route 224 (US 224) continues west from the end of I-76. The interchange was previously a double trumpet, but was reconstructed in 2010. Officially, I-76 begins at the beginning of the ramp from I-71 north; it merges with US 224 at mile 0.61. After passing through rural Medina County, I-76 enters Summit", "id": "12185505" }, { "contents": "Interstate 215 (Utah)\n\n\ninterchange features a grade-separated ramp from northbound 2000 East to eastbound I-215. Past this junction, another interchange at Union Park Avenue appears. Another grade-separated ramp from Union Park Avenue is present. The freeway enters Murray as an interchange serving westbound motorists connects to 280 East and State Street (U.S. Route 89, or US-89). Eastbound travelers connect to State Street further west at a separate exit. The road turns northwest for a short time to approach a junction at I-15 (often called the South Interchange).", "id": "9551591" }, { "contents": "List of state routes in Connecticut\n\n\n. Routes are signed state highways and are assigned numbers from 1 to 399 (with the exception of I-684 and I-691). All state, U.S. and Interstate highways are part of the same numbering system. In 1926, the U.S. highway system was implemented. U.S. Routes 1, 5, 6, and 7 were used as designations on several primary state highways, replacing New England routes 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. The other New England routes that were not re-designated as U.S. routes became ordinary", "id": "5492536" }, { "contents": "Interstate 291 (Massachusetts)\n\n\ndirectly through highly populated areas of Springfield, and passes under several overpasses. From its southwestern terminus to exit 5A, Interstate 291 is concurrent with U.S. Route 20. I-291 is only from Interstate 291 in Connecticut, and there are no intervening Interstate Highway interchanges between them. It can be easy for travelers to become confused between the two highways. Interstate 291 begins as a spur of Interstate 91 at Exit 8 in Springfield, concurrent with U.S. 20, which merges from the north. The two entry ramps from I-91 merge with each", "id": "1778230" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 15\n\n\nprovides access to the end of the Sprinter commuter train line. Shortly thereafter, I-15 Business intersects County Route S14, and then interchanges with State Route 78. The interchange is the last interchange on the 78 before its freeway status ends, and there are only ramps for a westbound entrance or eastbound exit. Continuing north, I-15 Business intersects with El Norte Parkway, a major arterial road, before reconnecting with Interstate 15 at I-15 exit 34 near the northern city limits of Escondido. Though the street itself continues northward well on into", "id": "15434009" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 9\n\n\nSaybrook to I-91 in Cromwell is known as the \"Chester Bowles Highway\". The section from I-91 in Cromwell to Exit 24 in Berlin is known as the \"Korean War Veterans Memorial Highway\". The section from Route 72 in New Britain to Route 175 in Newington is known as the \"Taras Shevchenko Expressway\". The section from Route 175 in Newington to the junction with I-84 is known as the \"Iwo Jima Memorial Expressway\". The road connecting Deep River (then known as Saybrook) and Wethersfield along the west", "id": "15881247" }, { "contents": "Colorado State Highway 74\n\n\nthe Evergreen Parkway segment to four lanes and constructing an interchange with I-70. SH 74 begins at an interchange with I-70 in El Rancho. Ramps from I-70 westbound branch off the freeway's exit 252 from the north side and cross the highway southwestward. Access to SH 74 from I-70 eastbound is provided via U.S. Highway 40 (US 40) a slight distance to the west. From I-70, the roadway heads southwesterly through El Rancho, meeting an intersection with US 40 (Swede Gulch Road). The route heads westward before turning", "id": "12873578" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 84\n\n\nsoutheast corner of that intersection, and the contemporary but still traditional Brigham City Utah Temple on the southwest corner. UT 13 ends at the southern terminus of the overlap of US 89/91, and BL-15/84 makes a sharp right turn along southbound US 91, while South Main Street is taken over by southbound US 89. US 91/BL-15/84 runs west along West 1100th Street South. BL-15/84 ends at Exit 362, a diverging diamond interchange with I-15/84, while West 1100th Street South continues into the I-15 frontage road, and becomes a dead", "id": "6061977" }, { "contents": "Interstate 384\n\n\naccess to I-384 is provided through a complex interchange that also provides access from Pleasant Valley Road near Buckland Hills Mall and from I-291. I-384's first exit is for Spencer Street. The eastbound ramp is on the I-384 mainline, while the westbound ramp comes from a split in the I-84 interchange ramp. Just east of the Spencer Street overpass, the ramp from westbound I-84 joins the I-384 mainline and the HOV lane becomes a conventional lane. I-384 continues along the southern part of Manchester. It has one interchange before it intersects Route", "id": "10503365" }, { "contents": "Interstate 78 in New Jersey\n\n\ninto Springfield Township. The freeway passes near First Watchung Mountain before coming to the Route 24 interchange, where suburban development becomes more dense. At Route 24, I-78 divides into local and express lanes, with three express and three local lanes eastbound and two express and three local lanes westbound. In this section of the highway, most access is via the local lanes, though the next exit for Route 124 includes a direct westbound onramp to the express lanes. Before Route 124, I-78 briefly runs east through Millburn in Essex County", "id": "16353906" }, { "contents": "California State Route 237\n\n\n85. Westbound traffic can connect to Route 85 southbound, but the eastbound traffic connection to Route 85 northbound is labeled as an exit for U.S. 101. Route 237 intersects with Highway 101 at the southern corner of Moffett Field. After this intersection, a carpool lane is added, for a total of three lanes in either direction. It remains like this until the east end of the freeway at Interstate 880, where most eastbound traffic is directed to northbound I-880. The route then becomes a city street (an arterial road)", "id": "9003349" }, { "contents": "Massachusetts Route 141\n\n\nas Easthampton Road, crossing roads south of Mount Tom. Crossing through the Rock Valley section of Holyoke, the highway passes south of the Whiting Reservoir and Wyckoff Country Club, entering the Smiths Valley section. Through Smiths Valley, Route 141 runs southeast through a residential neighborhood, reaching a ramp to Interstate 91 southbound (I-91 exit 17). After another turn, the route crosses into a trumpet interchange with I-91 northbound, becoming a one-way couplet through downtown Holyoke. Route 141 eastbound runs along Dwight Street while Route 141", "id": "2532205" }, { "contents": "Interstate 295 (Delaware–Pennsylvania)\n\n\nof Penndel. Following this interchange, the freeway runs south-southeast near suburban residential areas as it heads west of Levittown. I-295 enters Bristol Township and terminates at an interchange with I-95 at I-276 (Pennsylvania Turnpike). At this interchange, I-295 merges into southbound I-95, with access from westbound I-295 to southbound I-95 and from northbound I-95 to eastbound I-295; there are no ramps connecting I-295 and the Pennsylvania Turnpike. In the 1927 New Jersey state highway renumbering, Route 39 was legislated to begin at the Yardley–Wilburtha Bridge", "id": "9627779" }, { "contents": "James River Freeway\n\n\n. The portion of the James River Freeway between I-44 and the interchange with US 60 and Route 413 is designated as Route 360. Other than its endpoints, there is only one interchange on the route: Route MM in Brookline (now part of Republic). Exit markers for the highway mark the road as the James River Freeway and have no control cities, only \"To Route 60\" eastbound and \"To I-44\" westbound. The control cities between US 60 and US 65 are Republic westbound and Rogersville eastbound. At", "id": "6615288" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 6 in Rhode Island\n\n\nturns south on the I-295 collector/distributor roads to the west end of that freeway. The south interchange of US 6 and I-295 has numerous ramp stubs once intended for a western continuation of the Roberts Expressway as Interstate 84. The six-lane Roberts Expressway has interchanges with Route 5, U.S. Route 6A, Route 128, and US 6A again on its way to Olneyville. It crosses from Johnston into Providence just west of the bridge over Route 128. At the second US 6A interchange, the older Olneyville Bypass begins,", "id": "21794194" }, { "contents": "Flatbush Avenue Connector\n\n\nstate proposed the corridor as the Cedar Ridge Connector with no number, leading from its current terminus at I-84 to U.S. 5/Route 15 in Wethersfield. The short expressway planned to include an interchange with a planned but cancelled Route 71 expressway leading to New Britain. Circa 2015, the viaduct carrying the northbound ramp to Eastbound I-84 was removed, and a new alignment adjacent to the southbound off ramp from Westbound I-84 was built. Exit 45 is currently an incomplete interchange, with ramps only for I-84 westbound to SR 504 (left", "id": "5839909" }, { "contents": "Interstate 195 (New Jersey)\n\n\ndesignation west and south, along existing I-95 instead. I-195's western terminus is at a modified cloverleaf interchange with I-295 in Hamilton Township, Mercer County, located southeast of the city of Trenton. From this end, the freeway continues north into Trenton as Route 29. I-195 serves as the southern continuation of Route 29, continuing east from I-295 as a six-lane expressway, passing between suburban neighborhoods to the north and the Crosswicks Creek to the south. After the exit for US 206, the highway narrows to four lanes", "id": "14760197" }, { "contents": "Massachusetts Route 25\n\n\nRoute 25 west mainline onto Route 495 north, with the right-hand lane serving I-195 via Exit 1. From I-195, Route 25 east is accessible via Exit 22A; I-195 terminates at the interchange. Interstate 495 also terminates at its junction with Route 25; the two southbound lanes of I-495 default onto Route 25 east. After the interchange with I-195 and I-495, Route 25 begins to head in a southeastern direction into the town of Wareham as a six-lane freeway. The route passes under Tihonet Road and through Maple", "id": "18239659" }, { "contents": "California State Route 56\n\n\ncompleted in 1995 after several lawsuits filed by the Sierra Club and other community groups. The two ends were not connected until the middle portion of the freeway was completed in 2004. The delay was largely due to funding issues and environmental concerns. Eastbound SR 56 begins as a ramp from the northbound I-5's local bypass lanes. The interchange is not complete; southbound I-5 traffic must exit to Carmel Valley Road before entering SR 56. Westbound traffic on SR 56 merges into the southbound I-5 local bypass lanes, which provide access to", "id": "2729277" }, { "contents": "Utah State Route 161\n\n\nState Route 161 (SR-161) is a long state highway, designated as a rural major connector, completely within Millard County in central Utah. The highway connects Interstate 70 (I-70) to I-15 while providing service to historic Cove Fort. The route was once part of U.S. Route 91 (US-91), but was renumbered to SR-161 in the 1970s, in parallel with the construction of I-70. Located entirely in southeastern Millard County, SR-161 starts at a diamond interchange with the westernmost exit on I-70 before it terminates at I-15.", "id": "14472451" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 in Connecticut\n\n\nbrief concurrency with Route 72 to the New Britain city line. From the Route 72 junction through Farmington, West Hartford, and into Hartford, I-84 has many left-hand exits and entrances and sharp curves, which were built for a planned network of freeways. In Farmington, US 6 joins I-84 once again at exit 38, and both meet the northern end of the Route 9 expressway at a half-used multi-level stack interchange that was originally planned to be part of the mostly-cancelled I-291 Hartford Beltway.", "id": "14727150" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 40\n\n\nan interchange. Route 40 begins from northbound I-91 in North Haven as the Exit 10 off-ramp. The designation runs for along the exit ramp. The expressway then proceeds northwest and is joined by on-ramps from Bailey Road and southbound I-91. The I-91 interchange includes an overpass over the Quinnipiac River and railroad tracks. About past the I-91 interchange, the road crosses over another set of railroad tracks, then has an interchange with U.S. Route 5. Access to and from US 5 is via Dixwell Avenue (SR 717", "id": "15644232" }, { "contents": "Interstate 695 (District of Columbia)\n\n\nsome remaining \"To I-395\" signage can still be found along I-695 westbound. The new signs designate I-695 as extending from the point where I-395 branches off from the Southeast Freeway, with I-695 continuing along the Southeast Freeway and over the new 11th Street Bridge to the interchange with I-295. However, some commentators contend the new signage is confusing and that the Southeast Freeway is often confused with Baltimore's Beltway, a highway with the same route designation. The entire route is in Washington, D.C. Exits were unnumbered until July 2014.", "id": "13815020" }, { "contents": "California State Route 91\n\n\nState Route 91 (SR 91) is a major east–west state highway in the U.S. state of California that serves several regions of the Greater Los Angeles urban area. A freeway throughout its entire length, it officially runs from Vermont Avenue in Gardena, just west of the junction with the Harbor Freeway (Interstate 110, I-110), east to Riverside at the junction with the Pomona (SR 60 west of SR 91) and Moreno Valley (SR 60 and I-215 east of SR 91) freeways. Though signs along", "id": "4945631" }, { "contents": "Tennessee State Route 182\n\n\nState Route 182 (abbreviated SR 182) is a secondary state highway in western Dyer County, Tennessee. This route is primarily rural in nature throughout its length. The first of SR 182 from its southern terminus with SR 104 to Interstate 155 is a modern two-lane facility with a speed limit. I-155 ended at Exit 7 during the 1970s and this section of SR 182 also served as a temporary link to SR 104 for eastbound motorists until the freeway was completed to Exit 15. SR 182 north of I-155 to its", "id": "12693771" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 4 in New Hampshire\n\n\nI-93 southbound, and runs along the freeway until Exit 15E in Concord. At this interchange, US-4 leaves I-93 and joins Interstate 393 and U.S. Route 202 which run eastbound out of the city. The two U.S. routes overlap I-393 to its terminus in the northern corner of Pembroke. I-393 then ends, and US-4/US-202 merge onto Route 9 eastbound through Chichester and into Epsom. The road crosses Route 28 at the Epsom Traffic Circle, then continues east and intersects Route 107, forming a long four-route concurrency into Northwood", "id": "19470164" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 9\n\n\nriver, it passes through the towns of Essex, Deep River, Chester, Haddam, and Middletown). After its junction with Interstate 91 in Cromwell, Route 9 continues westward then northward, running through the Hartford area towns/cities of Berlin, New Britain, Newington, and Farmington. At the junction with I-84/US 6 near the Farmington - West Hartford town line, Route 9 follows the ramps for eastbound I-84 and ends at the merge with I-84 immediately after crossing the town line. Route 9 has a non", "id": "15881245" }, { "contents": "Maryland Route 32\n\n\nCSX line) and several industrial parks in Annapolis Junction. MD 32 continues northwest into Savage, where the highway has a cloverleaf interchange with US 1 (Washington Boulevard) that includes collector-distributor lanes in both directions. North of Savage, the freeway has a partial cloverleaf interchange with I-95 that has a pair of left-exiting ramps from westbound MD 32 to southbound I-95 and from eastbound MD 32 to northbound I-95; because of these left exits, I-95 is configured differently in that its southbound lanes pass under MD 32 and", "id": "8470347" }, { "contents": "Interstate 95 in Massachusetts\n\n\nto eight lanes. Then the highway passes through Newton, then enters Weston and has a large interchange with the Massachusetts Turnpike (I-90) that provides connections to nearby Route 30. There is a fourth lane after the interchange with Route 9. Exits 23, 24, and 25 are one combined exit northbound. I-95 and Route 128 are due west of Boston at this point and begin to turn to the northeast, serving the city of Waltham and the town of Lexington along the way. The freeway has an interchange with Route", "id": "18993893" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 372\n\n\nthe Mattabesset River, intersecting I-91 at Exit 21. It then widens to 4 lanes, and intersects the northern end of Route 217. Farther east, it crosses Route 3 before meeting Route 9 once again at Exit 19. It then turns southeast to at an intersection with Route 99 at the Cromwell town center. Route 72 was established in the 1932 state highway renumbering between Route 66 in Middletown and Route 10 Plainville. By the beginning of 1963, after the implementation of the 1962 Route Reclassification Act, Route 72 was extended", "id": "8495485" }, { "contents": "Interstate 664\n\n\nhas a connection to Portsmouth through Virginia State Route 164 (SR 164) and to Suffolk via U.S. Route 13, US 58, and US 460. I-664 begins at a full Y interchange with I-64 and I-264 that serves as the terminus of all three Interstates in the Bowers Hill section of the city of Chesapeake. I-64 heads southeast as a continuation of the Hampton Roads Beltway through Chesapeake while I-264 heads east toward Portsmouth and Norfolk. I-664 heads west as an eight-lane freeway that has a southbound-only exit ramp to", "id": "13145352" }, { "contents": "Virginia State Route 194\n\n\ncloverleaf interchange with I-64 (Hampton Roads Beltway) that only contains ramps in the northeast and southwest quadrants of the interchange. Northbound SR 194 has an exit ramp to and an entrance ramp from westbound I-64. Southbound SR 194 has an exit ramp to and an entrance ramp from eastbound I-64. The missing connections with I-64 are made via SR 247 to the south and SR 165 (Little Creek Road) to the north of the Interstate. North of SR 165, SR 194 becomes a four-lane divided highway north to its", "id": "19152409" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nalphabetic values to allow for future system expansion. The alphabetic naming suffixes are included as small letters on the bottom of reassurance shields. The Glenrio business spur of Interstate 40 begins at I-40 on exit 0 just east of the New Mexico-Texas state line. The highway runs south from the interchange towards Former route 66, then turns west along that decommissioned route where it terminates at the Texas-New Mexico State Line. The Adrian business loop of Interstate 40 begins at I-40 at exit 22 and runs along Former route 66 to", "id": "294158" }, { "contents": "Vermont Route 103\n\n\nand slightly better road across the Green Mountains to Rutland, it is a direct east–west road intersecting Interstate 91 significantly north of the diagonal 103. Numerous proposals to widen 103 into a two-lane freeway or similar limited-access roadway have failed, even though a substantial power company right of way shadows the road for much of its length. VT 103 begins at U.S. Route 5 in Rockingham just east of Interstate 91 and just north of Bellows Falls. From there, it interchanges with I-91 at exit 6 and proceeds", "id": "13506058" } ]

[ { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\nInterstate 691 (I-691) is a portion of the Interstate Highway System in Connecticut beginning at Interstate 91 in Meriden and ending at Interstate 84 near the Cheshire-Southington town line. It is in length, including of the exit ramp to the merge with westbound I-84. I-691 is also known as the Henry D. Altobello Highway for its entire length. I-691 is the main east–west highway of the city of Meriden. The freeway actually begins in Middlefield as Route 66, technically becoming I-691 at the junction with I-91 (Exit", "id": "767379" }, { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\n11). However, westbound signage indicates I-691 begins at the start of the freeway (just west of Exit 13), while eastbound signage shows I-691 ending at the Route 15 interchange (at eastbound Exit 10 about west of the interchange with I-91). To go from I-91 northbound to I-691 westbound (or from I-691 eastbound to I-91 southbound), one must actually use Route 15. Exit 9 westbound provides access to Route 15 North. West of the I-91/Route 15 interchange, I-691 meets US 5, which provides", "id": "767380" }, { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\n66. The highway was extended west to Exit 4 by 1971. The connection to I-84 was eventually completed in 1987, with the renumbering to I-691 done at the same time. The portion east of I-91 remained as Route 66. Environmental and community groups successfully blocked attempts to extend the freeway east of its present terminus due to potential impacts on the Mt. Higby Reservoir, which provides drinking water for the local area. A compromise was reached in the late 1990s allowing CONNDOT to convert Route 66 from a 2-lane road to 4 lanes", "id": "767383" }, { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\nat Exit 4. It then crosses the Quinnipiac River into Cheshire, where it has an interchange with Route 10, then continues west to end at I-84 at the Southington/Cheshire town line. The highway officially ends as it merges into I-84 West. In the 1940s, the I-691 routing was part of a planned US 6A Expressway from Southington to Willimantic. A section of the expressway (from its Middlefield terminus west to Exit 8) first opened in 1966. By 1968, the US 6A designation was dropped in favor of Route", "id": "767382" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 66\n\n\nRoute 66 is a Connecticut state highway running from Meriden to Windham, serving as an alternate east–west route to US 6 through east-central Connecticut. Route 66 officially begins at I-91 in Meriden as the extension of I-691, which officially ends at its interchange with I-91. This freeway portion runs for about into the town of Middlefield, where it becomes a four lane surface road. In Middlefield, it has junctions with the northern end of Route 147, and the southern end of Route 217. It then enters Middletown", "id": "16691092" }, { "contents": "Interstate 91\n\n\nUS 5 begins at the first of its many interchanges with the freeway. Leaving New Haven, I-91 follows a northeastward trek into North Haven, where it meets the southern end of the Route 40 expressway. It travels through the eastern part of Wallingford before entering the eastern part of the city of Meriden. In Meriden, about halfway between Hartford and New Haven, I-91 sees a complex set of interchanges with the Wilbur Cross Parkway (Route 15), the Route 66 expressway, and its first spur route, I-691. I-691", "id": "8976770" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 15\n\n\nmore northeasterly in North Haven. Major junctions include the Milford Parkway (SR 796), a connector providing access to Interstate 95 and US 1 beginning just east of the Sikorsky Bridge; US 5 in Wallingford; and a complex set of interchanges in Meriden providing access to I-91, I-691, and the Route 66 expressway. The parkway ends about a mile north of I-691 as US 5 joins Route 15 and the road becomes a four-lane divided highway with signalized and at-grade intersections known as the Berlin Turnpike. After", "id": "14881517" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 66\n\n\nthe expressway from US 5 in Meriden to Middlefield (where the current expressway ends) opened to traffic. By 1968, the US 6A designation was removed and split into several routes. The section from I-84 in Southington to US 6 in Columbia was renumbered as Route 66, including the newly opened freeway segment. In 1971, another section of the Route 66 freeway opened from between Route 322 and US 5. In 1987, with the completion of the freeway connection to I-84, the section of Route 66 west of I-91 was", "id": "16691099" }, { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\naccess to Route 15 North for eastbound traffic. Exit 7 provides access to Downtown Meriden. Westbound traffic exits onto State Street Extension, while eastbound traffic enters onto Columbia Street. Exits 6 and 5 provide access to Route 71, as well as access to Westfield Meriden. Exit 6 exits to Lewis Avenue, while Exit 5 exits directly to Route 71. From here, I-691 passes along the north side of Hubbard Park as well as by Castle Craig before it crosses into Southington. It then meets the eastern end of Route 322", "id": "767381" }, { "contents": "Interstate 291 (Connecticut)\n\n\nInterstate 291 (I-291) is a short Interstate Highway in the state of Connecticut that starts at I-91 at its junction with Route 218 in Windsor and ends at I-84 in Manchester. It serves as a northeastern bypass of Hartford. The official length of I-291 is , including of the exit ramp to the merge with eastbound I-84. I-291 is also known as the Vietnam Veterans Memorial Highway for its entire length. I-291 begins at I-91 in Windsor at an interchange that also provides access to and from Route 218. Heading southeast, I-291", "id": "4834367" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 in Connecticut\n\n\ncity of Waterbury, where it intersects the Route 8 expressway and crosses the Naugatuck River on an elevated dual-decked viaduct known locally as The Mixmaster. After passing through Cheshire, I-84 intersects the western end of I-691 at the Cheshire–Southington town line, which is also the New Haven–Hartford county line. I-84 turns more northerly for a stretch to exit 31 (Route 229), which provides access to Lake Compounce Amusement Park and ESPN World Headquarters. The freeway heads more northeasterly to Plainville, where it has a", "id": "14727149" }, { "contents": "Interstate 384\n\n\nInterstate 384 (I-384) is an Interstate Highway located entirely within the state of Connecticut. It runs east to west, going from Interstate 84 in East Hartford to U.S. Route 6/U.S. Route 44 in Bolton. I-384 officially begins at I-84 eastbound Exit 59 at the East Hartford/Manchester town line, as the right 2 lanes of traffic split from the I-84 mainline. The highway can also be accessed from the I-84 eastbound HOV lane, and westbound I-384 traffic can also access the HOV lane on westbound I-84. Westbound I-84", "id": "10503364" }, { "contents": "Special routes of U.S. Route 6\n\n\n6A from Plymouth–Farmington, this became US 6A. This US 6A was subsequently extended through Meriden to Willimantic along modern Route 66. An expressway upgrade was planned for this US 6A. Only a portion of the highway was built and is now I-691. U.S. Route 6A (US 6A) between Coventry and Windham was designated when New England Interstate Route 3 (NE-3) was deleted. The route was swapped with the old US 6 in 1939 and finally deleted in 1942 when US 6A became Route 31. U.S. Route 6A (US", "id": "10795785" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 (Pennsylvania–Massachusetts)\n\n\nNew Milford. Route 6 leaves the interstate at the next exit, and I-84 continues east across the countryside. At Exit 11, it turns to the northeast and descends to cross the Housatonic River on the Rochambeau Bridge, into New Haven County. It then climbs onto higher ground to the city of Waterbury, which it passes on an elevated viaduct with the eastbound and westbound lanes on different levels. Here the CT 8 expressway intersects. The eastern heading continues past Waterbury to Milldale, where Interstate 691 splits off to the east", "id": "12185438" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 120\n\n\nRoute 120 is a state highway in Connecticut, running entirely in the town of Southington. It serves as a more direct connection between the town center of Southington and the city of Meriden. Route 120 begins at an intersection with Route 322 in southeastern Southington, just west of the Meriden city line and about from an interchange with I-691. It heads in a northwest direction, crossing Misery Brook about later, passing by the St. Thomas Cemetery, then intersecting with Route 364 after another . Route 120 ends at an intersection with Route", "id": "21983096" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 322\n\n\nmeets Route 10 at a grade separated intersection. It briefly crosses into Cheshire before crossing the Quinnipiac River and reentering southeastern Southington. It meets the southern end of Route 120 before ending at an interchange with I-691 near the Southington-Meriden town line. The road continues into Meriden as West Main Street. Route 322 was established in 1963, running from Route 69 to then US 6A (Meriden Road) in Wolcott. The year before becoming a signed route, Route 322 was taken over by the state and designated as unsigned SR", "id": "8420887" }, { "contents": "Interstate 91\n\n\n. As such, it is almost always heavily trafficked (especially during rush hour), and maintains at least three lanes in each direction through Connecticut except for a short portion in Hartford at the interchange with I-84 and in Meriden at the interchange with Route 15. The three cities also serve as Connecticut's control points along its length of the Interstate. I-91 begins just east of downtown New Haven at an interchange with I-95 (the Connecticut Turnpike), and Route 34. At the bottom of the ramp for exit 5,", "id": "8976769" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 66\n\n\nIt ran from the Milldale section of Southington, via Meriden and Middletown, to Willimantic. In the 1932 state highway renumbering, old Highway 111 was designated as part of Route 14, which extended from Woodbury to the Rhode Island state line. In 1941, the section of Route 14 from Woodbury to Willimantic was redesignated as US 6A, connecting at US 6 on both ends. In the early 1960s, plans for constructing a US 6A expressway between I-84 in Southington and Willimantic were announced. By 1966, a short portion of", "id": "16691098" }, { "contents": "Interstate 66\n\n\nfrom eastbound I-66 to the West Falls Church Metro station at the Leesburg Pike (Virginia State Route 7) interchange and will provide a new bridge for the W&OD Trail over Lee Highway (Virginia State Route 29). In Washington D.C., I-66 was planned to extend east of its current terminus along the North Leg of the Inner Loop freeway. I-66 would have also met the eastern terminus of a planned Interstate 266 at US 29, and the western terminus of the South Leg Freeway (I-695) at US 50; I-266 would", "id": "9038810" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 10\n\n\n. It then turns north onto Dixwell Avenue, and intersects the Wilbur Cross Parkway (Route 15) at Exit 60. In the center of Hamden, it turns onto Whitney Avenue. Proceeding northward, it encounters the northern end of the Route 40 freeway and the western end of Route 22 . In Cheshire, it meets the eastern end of Route 42, and has a brief triplex with Routes 68 and 70. At the north end of town is a junction with I-691 at Exit 3. It then enters Southington, where", "id": "16098035" }, { "contents": "Interstate 80 in Iowa\n\n\nthe east at the Jordan Creek Parkway exit. The highway adds a third lane eastbound and drops the third lane westbound. Almost to the east is the interchange with I-35, which also marks the beginning of I-235. Eastbound I-80 exits the freeway via a flyover ramp to northbound I-35; eastbound I-235 begins as the continuation of the I-80 freeway. Locally, this exit is called the West Mixmaster. I-80 shares the next with I-35 on a six-lane freeway where each direction's three lanes are separated by a Jersey barrier.", "id": "3837266" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 68\n\n\nto its junction with I-91 at Exit 15. After overpassing I-91 and passing a couple of business parks, Route 68 becomes a 2 lane road once again. It then enters Durham, where it passes the southern end of Route 157 before ending at Route 17 in the center of town. The road connecting Naugatuck and Cheshire was designated in 1922 as State Highway 325. In the 1932 state highway renumbering, former Highway 325 was renumbered to Route 68. The route was later extended east to Middlefield in 1966 along former SR 607", "id": "3645090" }, { "contents": "Interstate 480 (Nebraska–Iowa)\n\n\nLeavenworth neighborhood from the Old Market neighborhood. Shortly after the Leavenworth Street exit is the Harney Street exit, which provides access to U.S. Route 6 from eastbound I-480. before the North Freeway interchange, I-480 passes beneath Dodge and Douglas Streets, which are the westbound and eastbound lanes of U.S. 6, respectively. Just to the southwest of the Creighton University campus is the North Freeway interchange, where US 75 leaves eastbound I-480 and joins westbound. The North Freeway was originally planned to be an Interstate Highway, \"I-580\", connecting", "id": "10317788" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nExit 110 leading to the I-40 frontage road along the eastbound lanes, which suddenly becomes a divided highway named \"Route 66.\" The first intersection is a connecting road to the parts of the interchange with the eastbound on-ramp, as well as the frontage roads along the westbound lanes, leading to the western terminus of the business loop. Shortly after this is the barely paved Carson County Road BB. The divided highway ends just west of TX FM 295 and Carson County Road CC (Western Avenue), and gains", "id": "294168" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 in New York\n\n\n6 and 202 closely parallel I-84 to the north, between the freeway and one of the upper basins of East Branch Reservoir, part of New York City's water supply system. The northern terminus of NY 121 lets eastbound traffic on and westbound traffic off. Two miles (3.2 km) to the east, Signs appear for Saw Mill Road, exit 1 on Connecticut's stretch of I-84, and its ramps leave the highway just a hundred feet (30 m) before the state line. The route of I-84 through the", "id": "995373" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 34\n\n\nLegion Avenue, later becoming South Frontage Road (former Oak Street), while westbound Route 34 uses North Frontage Road. The eastbound section running along Legion Avenue and South Frontage Road (1.03 miles) is town-maintained. The corresponding westbound section along North Frontage Road is officially designated as State Road 706 but is signed as Route 34 West. Route 34 then continues along the Oak Street Connector, a six-lane freeway that connects to I-91 and I-95. The freeway portion has two westbound exits and three eastbound entrances,", "id": "5492586" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nfor BL-40, because south of this intersection is an approach to a westbound on-eastbound off wye interchange with I-40. Immediately after this intersection, BL-40 ends at an eastbound on-westbound off wye interchange with I-40. The Clinton business loop of Interstate 40 is the fourth business route of I-40 in Oklahoma, running from exit 65 to exit 69, although only part of the route runs along former US 66. The route begins at exit 65, which is an eastbound flyover with no re-entry, and a westbound", "id": "294183" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nand maintenance facility, and then leaves the frontage road at the on ramp to eastbound I-40, where it meets its terminus. The frontage roads along both sides of I-40 continue through three more interchanges before crossing the Texas-Oklahoma State Line. The Erick business loop of Interstate 40 is the first business route of I-40 in Oklahoma. It begins on exit 5 (Honeyfarm Drive) and runs south into North 1720th Road until that street ends at a four-lane divided highway known as East 1240th Road (former Route 66)", "id": "294176" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 542\n\n\nRoute 542 (also known as Ferguson Road) is a state road in northern Connecticut. It is contained inside the town of Vernon. It runs from Route 533 to Route 541. Route 542 begins at Route 543 (Tunnel Road) in the central portion of the town of Vernon. It then heads east for about before intersecting with exit 66 on Interstate 84 (I-84}. Only travelers on westbound I-84 can exit onto Route 542, and that travelers on Route 542 can only get onto westbound I-84. About from the", "id": "1160744" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 71\n\n\nas it intersects West Main Street. While southbound traffic may continue from West Main Street onto Cook Avenue, northbound traffic must turn right onto Hanover Street, then left onto South Grove Street, and left onto West Main Street to continue. Once reunited, Route 71 proceeds west on West Main Street before turning north onto Chamberlain Highway. It then crosses I-691 at Exit 5, with access to and from the west. It then crosses into Berlin, passing the eastern end of Route 364 before turning northeast as the Chamberlain Highway becomes", "id": "18857060" }, { "contents": "Interstate 91\n\n\nparallels the river, never more than from its shore. I-91 then enters the Hartford city limits. In Hartford, I-91 it has a set of interchanges with US 5/Route 15 (Wilbur Cross Highway), which provides access from I-91 north to I-84 east, and from I-84 west to I-91 south via the Charter Oak Bridge. I-91 then has an interchange with I-84, where all other movements to and from I-84 take place. Before leaving the city limits, an HOV lane begins that has its own set of interchanges", "id": "8976772" }, { "contents": "Interstate 210 (Louisiana)\n\n\nShip Channel. At the southeastern end of the bridge, the highway meets with exit 3, Prien Lake Road, eastbound. I-210 heads east through Lake Charles, turning 90 degrees at exit 8, LA 14/Gerstner Memorial Drive. The highway then heads north towards its eastern terminus with I-10 just east of Lake Charles. Though portions of the freeway run north-south, the entire route is signed east-west. All of I-210 is included as part of the National Highway System, a system of roadways important to", "id": "2671252" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 95 in California\n\n\nChemehuevi Mountains before entering the city of Needles after several miles. After passing the Needles Municipal Airport, US 95 merges onto I-40 westbound and continues through Needles on the freeway. US 95 exits from I-40 west of Needles and continues northwest to Searchlight Junction, where US 95 continues north at the junction with the old routing of US 66. The highway continues north, east of Homer Mountain, to the Nevada state line. US 95 is part of the California Freeway and Expressway System, and a small portion near I-10 and the", "id": "21402148" }, { "contents": "Interstate 66\n\n\nInterstate 66 (I-66) is an Interstate Highway in the eastern United States. As indicated by its even route number, it runs in an east–west direction. Its current western terminus is near Middletown, Virginia, at an interchange with I-81; its eastern terminus is in Washington, D.C., at an interchange with U.S. Route 29. Because of its terminus in the Shenandoah Valley, the highway was once called the \"Shenandoah Freeway.\" Much of the route parallels U.S. Route 29 or Virginia State Route 55. Interstate", "id": "9038774" }, { "contents": "Interstate 95 in Connecticut\n\n\nof around 150,000 throughout the entire length between the New York state line and the junction with I-91 in New Haven. The Turnpike intersects with several major expressways, namely US 7 at Exit 15 in Norwalk, Route 8 and Route 25 at Exit 27A in Bridgeport (quickest way to I-84 from southwest CT), the Merritt and Wilbur Cross Parkways at Exit 38 (via the Milford Parkway) in Milford, and Interstate 91 at Exit 48 in New Haven. North (east) of I-91, the Turnpike continues along the Connecticut", "id": "5620386" }, { "contents": "Missouri Route 96\n\n\nRoute 96 was redesignated as Route YY west of Route 171 when Kansas deleted the eastern part of K-96. Route 96 begins at a partial interchange with Interstate 44 (I-44) just west of Halltown (there is no access to westbound I-44 or from eastbound I-44). The highway is a two-lane road and is relatively straight all the way to Carthage. Approximately west of I-44 is the western terminus of Route 266. Approximately further west, Route 96 is joined by Historic Route 66. At Albatross, is an intersection", "id": "11824778" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nI-40, and the former segment of US 66 along the north side continues as one of the two I-40 frontage roads. The Amarillo business loop of Interstate 40 begins at I-40 exit 62A just west of Amarillo. The highway was formerly a business route for Route 66, being that highway's only bannered route in Texas. Bus. I-40 D is known locally as Amarillo Boulevard and is the longest buisness route of Interstate 40. Bus. I-40 D begins at Interstate 40 exit 62A just west of Amarillo near Cadillac Ranch. The", "id": "294164" }, { "contents": "Interstate 540 and North Carolina Highway 540\n\n\nto the Western Wake Freeway and future Southern and Eastern Wake Freeways. As of January 2013, the North Carolina state route traverses east–west from I-40, in Durham County to NC 55, in Holly Springs. Initially intended to be signed as an extension of the I-540 loop, the first section of the route bears mile markers and exit numbers for the complete Interstate loop, going from 66 to 69. In Mid-2012, this section of the beltway became part of the Triangle Expressway. No portion of I-540 is tolled.", "id": "6204061" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 229\n\n\nRoute 229 is a state highway in the western Greater Hartford area of the U.S. state of Connecticut. It runs north–south from Interstate 84 in Southington to U.S. Route 6 in Bristol. Along the way, it intersects Route 72 in the Forestville section of Bristol. Route 229 nominally begins at the end of the eastbound Exit 31 off-ramp of I-84 in western Southington, heading northward along West Street. State maintenance and the official southern end of Route 229 actually begins about south of the off-ramp. West Street", "id": "7429975" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nwhich focuses on the roads former status as Route 66. The commercial strip ends after a dirt road named North Tennessee Street. \"Route 66\" splits from East 12th Street at an intersection that's another connecting road to the eastbound off-ramp of Exit 164, the then runs over the overpass above I-40 to turn right at the frontage road along the westbound lanes leading to the western beginning of the business loop. Eastbound Business Interstate Route 40-J narrows down to a two-lane undivided highway before passing by a TxDOT construction", "id": "294175" }, { "contents": "Highway revolts in the United States\n\n\nInterstate 291 beltway west of Interstate 91, the proposed Interstate 484 expressway through the downtown, and the proposed Interstate 284 expressway between East Hartford and South Windsor, and Interstate 491 from Wethersfield to Manchester. After these freeways were cancelled, the State of Connecticut used the funds allocated for their construction to rebuild and expand existing freeways in the Greater Hartford area. In 1992 the Route 9 Expressway was extended north from I-91 in New Britain to Interstate 84 in Farmington, completing what would have been the southwest quadrant of the I-291 beltway;", "id": "256037" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 in Connecticut\n\n\nthe northern end of the Route 15 expressway, it inherits the Wilbur Cross Highway name for the rest of its length. From 1968 until 1984, the I-84 designation ended here, and the highway became I-86 for the rest of its length, as I-84 was once planned to be built east toward Providence, Rhode Island. I-84 intersects one of the remnants of the abandoned project, I-384, as part of a series of complex interchanges in Manchester including the end of the US 6 concurrency at exit 60, and a connection to", "id": "14727152" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nfrontage roads along the westbound lanes leading to the western beginning of the business loop, and an unorthodox roadside attraction known as the Leaning Tower of Texas. Business Interstate Route 40-F ends at the on ramp to eastbound I-40, as does the divided former US 66, which is converted back into the frontage road along the eastbound lanes of I-40. The McLean business loop of Interstate 40 runs from exit 141 to 143. Officially designated as Business Interstate 40-H by the Texas Department of Transportation, it begins at I-40 at an eastbound flyover", "id": "294170" }, { "contents": "Maryland Route 53\n\n\nstate highway then meets its northern terminus at an intersection with US 40 Alternate in La Vale. Access to westbound I-68 is provided a short distance to the east on US 40 Alternate. MD 53 is part of US 220 Truck, which provides access from Interstate 68 (I-68) west of La Vale to southbound US 220 for trucks due to a truck prohibition on the eastbound exit ramp for I-68's interchange with US 220. The state highway is part of the main National Highway System from US 220 to I-68; in addition", "id": "11898711" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 84\n\n\nend street at the truck stop along the aforementioned frontage road. Interstate 84 Business was a business loop of I-84 along in Morgan, Utah. It ran north along Utah State Route 66 at Exit 103 (State Street) to East 600th Street running along the north side of I-84 until the former westbound-off-ramp and eastbound on-ramp that was once westbound Exit 103 until the mid-1990s. Interstate 84 Business was a business loop of I-84 along in Henefer, Utah. It ran southeast along the southwest side of I-84", "id": "6061978" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 5 in Connecticut\n\n\nStreet becomes Broad Street after the intersection with Hall Avenue as it passes by the eastern part of the city, avoiding the downtown area. Past Olive Street, the road becomes divided with a wide grassy median. At the north end of the divided section, it has an intersection with East Main Street, the main east–west business route through the city. About north of East Main Street, US 5 has an interchange with I-691 (at exit 8). At the intersection with Brittania Street, the road becomes North Broad", "id": "5428414" }, { "contents": "Interstate 91\n\n\nthe river can also be easily accessed in this stretch. At exit 19 is the northern terminus of I-93, a major interstate highway in New England, which provides a direct route south through the White Mountains and to almost all major cities in New Hampshire. Just after exit 19, there are three exits for St. Johnsbury, including a major intersection with US 2. Along westbound US 2, the capital of Vermont, Montpelier, is eventually reached from I-91, although I-89 provides Montpelier with immediate Interstate access. I-91 continues northward", "id": "8976783" }, { "contents": "Massachusetts Turnpike\n\n\nand the seventh-longest gap between exits in the entire Interstate Highway System. The highest elevation on the turnpike exists in The Berkshires, reaching above sea level in Becket; this point is also the highest elevation on I-90 east of South Dakota. Beyond the peak elevation and between the exits, an eastbound runaway truck ramp exists in Russell. The turnpike has an interchange with I-91 and US 5 at exit 4 in West Springfield; it passes over the Connecticut River before reaching Route 33 at exit 5 and I-291 at exit 6", "id": "8595595" }, { "contents": "County Route 66 (California)\n\n\ncrossing paths with the freeway again at Fenner, before heading east on Goffs Road to the junction with US 95. Next, CR 66 cosigns along US 95 south to the junction with I-40, where both the US and county routes cosign with I-40 heading east towards Needles. CR 66 exits the freeway at River Road Cutoff, where it immediately turns onto National Trails Highway after exiting. The route follows National Trails Highway to its end on River Road, then begins its southeast journey into downtown Needles. After an interchange with I-40", "id": "21979064" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 (Pennsylvania–Massachusetts)\n\n\n. This section has many left-hand exits and entrances and sharp curves, which were built for a planned network of freeways. I-84 heads northeast towards New Britain and Hartford, the state capital and the largest community along its eastern length. After intersecting Interstate 91, the road crosses the Connecticut River on the Bulkeley Bridge, oldest on the Interstate system, then becomes the Wilbur Cross Highway and continues towards the northeast. The last exit in Connecticut is Exit 74, an exit for Route 171. I-84 crosses the Massachusetts border", "id": "12185439" }, { "contents": "Rhode Island Route 4\n\n\n. After exit 7, Route 4 continues northward as a six-lane expressway, passing farmlands to the west and entering a suburban region of East Greenwich. The highway crosses under an overpass at Middle Road before interchanging with Route 401, the freeway's final spur, at another partial cloverleaf interchange. Exit 8 is also used to access Route 2 and I-95 south, which has no direct freeway connection with Route 4 north. Shortly after exit 8, the Route 4 designation ends and the mainline of the highway defaults onto I-95", "id": "14737226" }, { "contents": "Cromwell, Connecticut\n\n\nis land and (4.03%) is water. A major north/south highway, Interstate 91, with two Cromwell exits, runs through the Town. The Central Connecticut Expressway (Route 9), opened at the end of 1989, enhances the Town's location as it connects I-95 in Old Saybrook, I-91 in Cromwell and I-84, the State's major east/west highway in New Britain. As of the census of 2010, there were 14,005 people, 5,212 households, and 3,262 families residing in the town.", "id": "17977773" }, { "contents": "Interstate 190 (South Dakota)\n\n\n16 westbound goes east on Omaha Street and eastbound runs north concurrently with I-190. I-190 then becomes a freeway, with an exit to North Street. I-190 then passes under Anamosa Street before an on-ramp from the northbound lanes of West Boulevard. Both US 16 and I-190 then terminate at a trumpet interchange with I-90/US 14/SD 79. Legally, the route of I-190 is defined at South Dakota Codified Laws § 31-4-203. I-190 was opened in 1962 to connect Rapid City to the recently completed", "id": "2672231" }, { "contents": "Interstate 210 and State Route 210 (California)\n\n\nfor the interchange between State Route 57 and the Foothill Freeway, Interstate 210. The \"curve\" portion refers to the interchange from the northbound lanes of State Route 57 to the westbound lanes of I-210, and from the eastbound lanes of I-210 to the southbound lanes of State Route 57. The origin of the name comes from its location in the city of Glendora. Prior to 2002, this interchange was entirely part of I-210, and the eastern terminus of I-210 ended several miles south of the curve at the Kellogg Interchange at", "id": "2671217" }, { "contents": "Interstate 78 in New Jersey\n\n\nEntering more commercial areas, Route 173 merges onto I-78/US 22 at exit 13. At exit 15, the highway interchanges with CR 513, and Route 173 splits from I-78/US 22 by heading north on CR 513. At this point, the freeway enters Franklin Township briefly at exit 15 and then enters Clinton where it crosses the South Branch Raritan River. I-78/US 22 turns northeast and leaves Clinton for Clinton Township, where it has an eastbound exit and westbound entrance for Route 173 that also provides access to", "id": "16353900" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 15\n\n\nlimits, the business route veers onto Center Street and follows that through the center of town. At the north end of the city, I-15 Bus. turns west and runs concurrently with US 30 to its northern end at I-15 Exit 47. Interstate 15 Business runs for exactly through Inkom in northern Bannock County. I-15 Bus. mostly follows Old Highway 91 between Exits 57 and 58, a pair of partial interchanges. Interstate 15 Business spans through Pocatello in northern Bannock County. I-15 Bus. begins at I-15 Exit 67, where", "id": "15434019" }, { "contents": "Interstate 10 in California\n\n\nI-10 down Interstate 5 between the East LA Interchange and the Santa Monica Freeway, negating a section of the San Bernardino Freeway west of I-5. This short section of Route 10 between Route 5 and Route 101, which was formerly defined as Route 110 (signed as Interstate 110) until 1968, is signed overhead for I-10 eastbound and for U.S. 101 westbound. This I-5/I-10 cosigning is consistent with the Federal Highway Administration's Interstate Highway route logs that such an overlap exists for the segment of I-10 in California. I-10 is", "id": "10298840" }, { "contents": "Nevada State Route 425\n\n\ncenter of Verdi, then southeast to its terminus at the I-80 East Verdi interchange (Exit 5). Although designated a state route and an Interstate business route, there are no route shields posted along the highway itself. The I-80 business route extends beyond the end of SR 425. From the highway's western terminus, I-80 Business follows Gold Ranch Road an additional south to end at an I-80 westbound onramp. The highway originally carried State Route 1 and later U.S. Route 40 on its trek west from Reno over Donner Pass towards", "id": "5840323" }, { "contents": "Interstate 516\n\n\ncurrent western terminus of I-516. In 1985, the entire highway from its then-current western terminus at Burnsed Blvd to Montgomery Street was designated as I-516. The freeway portion was extended westward to the interchange with SR 25 (Burnsed Blvd) and eastward to the current eastern terminus. Also US 17/SR 25 and US 80/SR 26 were re-routed along the freeway, from the West Bay Street exit to the Ogeechee Road exit. In 1995, US 17 had a major re-routing through the city", "id": "10860994" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 15\n\n\nState Route 28. Interstate 15 Business is a Business loop of Interstate 15 in Bringham City, and is also concurrent with Business Loop 84. It runs from an interchange at Exit 362 on I-15/84 at first along U.S. Route 91 to the intersection with U.S. Route 89 and UT 13. US 91 continues east along US 89, while BL 15/84 turns left to go north along UT 13 (South Main Street). Further in town, the road serves as the west end of Utah State Route 90. At Forest Street,", "id": "15434015" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 95 in Nevada\n\n\nthe Henderson Spaghetti Bowl (also known as the Hender-Bender) interchange of Interstate 215 and SR 564 and Interstate 515 begins. The freeway then heads west into Downtown Las Vegas, where it intersects Interstate 15. At the Spaghetti Bowl interchange, US 93 follows I-15 northbound and I-515 ends. US 95 heads west, then north at the Rainbow Curve. The freeway portion then ends at Corn Creek Road northwest of the Las Vegas Valley and then it becomes a brief four-lane divided highway. US 95 exits Clark County", "id": "7359006" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 15\n\n\nwhen it turns east onto Alameda Road, which becomes Pocatello Creek Road when it veers northeast to the business route's terminus at I-15 Exit 71. Interstate 15 Business has a length of through Blackfoot in central Bingham County. I-15 Bus. begins at I-15 Exit 89 near the northern end of the Fort Hall Indian Reservation and follows US 91 northeast parallel to the Union Pacific Railroad. The highways cross the Blackfoot River into the city of Blackfoot along Broadway Street. In downtown Blackfoot, the routes veer onto Main Street, then I-15", "id": "15434021" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 50 in Maryland\n\n\neastbound exit. Following this interchange, US 50 passes office parks and industrial development in New Carrollton. The highway reaches a hybrid turbine interchange with I-95/I-495, the Capital Beltway. At the I-95/I-495 interchange, the US 50 freeway becomes part of the Interstate Highway System as I-595, which is an unsigned highway. The road heads east as an ten-lane freeway, with the left lane in each direction designated as a high-occupancy vehicle lane (HOV lane). The freeway passes near residential development and", "id": "21110676" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nloop of Interstate 40 is the third business route of I-40 in Oklahoma. It runs northeast along former US 66 from eastbound exit 32 and turns east after the beginning of an overlap with OK 6 that runs along the route until OK 6 turns south at North Main Street. From there it snakes through the northeastern part of the city and after the intersection with OK 34 finally terminates with I-40 at westbound exit 41. The route begins at a left exit in a wye interchange with Interstate 40, which also serves as a connection", "id": "294180" }, { "contents": "Iowa Highway 330\n\n\nused as a connector between Des Moines and the Waterloo–Cedar Falls area. Iowa 330 begins at an interchange with Interstate 80 (I-80), U.S. Route 6 (US 6), and US 65 in Altoona. The I-80 freeway runs east–west; US 6 comes up from the southwest along Hubbell Avenue and joins eastbound I-80 while US 65 exits eastbound I-80 and turns onto Hubbell heading northeast. For the first of its routing, Iowa 330 shares the same roadway with US 65. The two routes head northeast on", "id": "10381823" }, { "contents": "Interstate 180 (Pennsylvania)\n\n\nat an interchange with U.S. Route 15 and U.S. Route 220. The highway begins its signage, concurrent along these routes. At exit 27A, US 15 leaves the overlap running south across the Carl E. Stotz Memorial Little League Bridge and I-180 continues eastward, still concurrent with US 220 northbound. From there, I-180 runs along the West Branch Susquehanna River until the highway reaches the eastern suburbs of Williamsport, where US 220 leaves the Interstate via exit 15. From US 220 to the eastern terminus, I-180 is aligned north–south", "id": "4494305" }, { "contents": "Interstate 76 (Ohio–New Jersey)\n\n\nJersey. After I-76 reaches its eastern terminus, the freeway continues as Route 42 and the Atlantic City Expressway to Atlantic City. I-76 begins at I-71 at exit 209, east of Lodi, Ohio; U.S. Route 224 (US 224) continues west from the end of I-76. The interchange was previously a double trumpet, but was reconstructed in 2010. Officially, I-76 begins at the beginning of the ramp from I-71 north; it merges with US 224 at mile 0.61. After passing through rural Medina County, I-76 enters Summit", "id": "12185505" }, { "contents": "Interstate 215 (Utah)\n\n\ninterchange features a grade-separated ramp from northbound 2000 East to eastbound I-215. Past this junction, another interchange at Union Park Avenue appears. Another grade-separated ramp from Union Park Avenue is present. The freeway enters Murray as an interchange serving westbound motorists connects to 280 East and State Street (U.S. Route 89, or US-89). Eastbound travelers connect to State Street further west at a separate exit. The road turns northwest for a short time to approach a junction at I-15 (often called the South Interchange).", "id": "9551591" }, { "contents": "List of state routes in Connecticut\n\n\n. Routes are signed state highways and are assigned numbers from 1 to 399 (with the exception of I-684 and I-691). All state, U.S. and Interstate highways are part of the same numbering system. In 1926, the U.S. highway system was implemented. U.S. Routes 1, 5, 6, and 7 were used as designations on several primary state highways, replacing New England routes 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. The other New England routes that were not re-designated as U.S. routes became ordinary", "id": "5492536" }, { "contents": "Interstate 291 (Massachusetts)\n\n\ndirectly through highly populated areas of Springfield, and passes under several overpasses. From its southwestern terminus to exit 5A, Interstate 291 is concurrent with U.S. Route 20. I-291 is only from Interstate 291 in Connecticut, and there are no intervening Interstate Highway interchanges between them. It can be easy for travelers to become confused between the two highways. Interstate 291 begins as a spur of Interstate 91 at Exit 8 in Springfield, concurrent with U.S. 20, which merges from the north. The two entry ramps from I-91 merge with each", "id": "1778230" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 15\n\n\nprovides access to the end of the Sprinter commuter train line. Shortly thereafter, I-15 Business intersects County Route S14, and then interchanges with State Route 78. The interchange is the last interchange on the 78 before its freeway status ends, and there are only ramps for a westbound entrance or eastbound exit. Continuing north, I-15 Business intersects with El Norte Parkway, a major arterial road, before reconnecting with Interstate 15 at I-15 exit 34 near the northern city limits of Escondido. Though the street itself continues northward well on into", "id": "15434009" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 9\n\n\nSaybrook to I-91 in Cromwell is known as the \"Chester Bowles Highway\". The section from I-91 in Cromwell to Exit 24 in Berlin is known as the \"Korean War Veterans Memorial Highway\". The section from Route 72 in New Britain to Route 175 in Newington is known as the \"Taras Shevchenko Expressway\". The section from Route 175 in Newington to the junction with I-84 is known as the \"Iwo Jima Memorial Expressway\". The road connecting Deep River (then known as Saybrook) and Wethersfield along the west", "id": "15881247" }, { "contents": "Colorado State Highway 74\n\n\nthe Evergreen Parkway segment to four lanes and constructing an interchange with I-70. SH 74 begins at an interchange with I-70 in El Rancho. Ramps from I-70 westbound branch off the freeway's exit 252 from the north side and cross the highway southwestward. Access to SH 74 from I-70 eastbound is provided via U.S. Highway 40 (US 40) a slight distance to the west. From I-70, the roadway heads southwesterly through El Rancho, meeting an intersection with US 40 (Swede Gulch Road). The route heads westward before turning", "id": "12873578" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 84\n\n\nsoutheast corner of that intersection, and the contemporary but still traditional Brigham City Utah Temple on the southwest corner. UT 13 ends at the southern terminus of the overlap of US 89/91, and BL-15/84 makes a sharp right turn along southbound US 91, while South Main Street is taken over by southbound US 89. US 91/BL-15/84 runs west along West 1100th Street South. BL-15/84 ends at Exit 362, a diverging diamond interchange with I-15/84, while West 1100th Street South continues into the I-15 frontage road, and becomes a dead", "id": "6061977" }, { "contents": "Interstate 384\n\n\naccess to I-384 is provided through a complex interchange that also provides access from Pleasant Valley Road near Buckland Hills Mall and from I-291. I-384's first exit is for Spencer Street. The eastbound ramp is on the I-384 mainline, while the westbound ramp comes from a split in the I-84 interchange ramp. Just east of the Spencer Street overpass, the ramp from westbound I-84 joins the I-384 mainline and the HOV lane becomes a conventional lane. I-384 continues along the southern part of Manchester. It has one interchange before it intersects Route", "id": "10503365" }, { "contents": "Interstate 78 in New Jersey\n\n\ninto Springfield Township. The freeway passes near First Watchung Mountain before coming to the Route 24 interchange, where suburban development becomes more dense. At Route 24, I-78 divides into local and express lanes, with three express and three local lanes eastbound and two express and three local lanes westbound. In this section of the highway, most access is via the local lanes, though the next exit for Route 124 includes a direct westbound onramp to the express lanes. Before Route 124, I-78 briefly runs east through Millburn in Essex County", "id": "16353906" }, { "contents": "California State Route 237\n\n\n85. Westbound traffic can connect to Route 85 southbound, but the eastbound traffic connection to Route 85 northbound is labeled as an exit for U.S. 101. Route 237 intersects with Highway 101 at the southern corner of Moffett Field. After this intersection, a carpool lane is added, for a total of three lanes in either direction. It remains like this until the east end of the freeway at Interstate 880, where most eastbound traffic is directed to northbound I-880. The route then becomes a city street (an arterial road)", "id": "9003349" }, { "contents": "Massachusetts Route 141\n\n\nas Easthampton Road, crossing roads south of Mount Tom. Crossing through the Rock Valley section of Holyoke, the highway passes south of the Whiting Reservoir and Wyckoff Country Club, entering the Smiths Valley section. Through Smiths Valley, Route 141 runs southeast through a residential neighborhood, reaching a ramp to Interstate 91 southbound (I-91 exit 17). After another turn, the route crosses into a trumpet interchange with I-91 northbound, becoming a one-way couplet through downtown Holyoke. Route 141 eastbound runs along Dwight Street while Route 141", "id": "2532205" }, { "contents": "Interstate 295 (Delaware–Pennsylvania)\n\n\nof Penndel. Following this interchange, the freeway runs south-southeast near suburban residential areas as it heads west of Levittown. I-295 enters Bristol Township and terminates at an interchange with I-95 at I-276 (Pennsylvania Turnpike). At this interchange, I-295 merges into southbound I-95, with access from westbound I-295 to southbound I-95 and from northbound I-95 to eastbound I-295; there are no ramps connecting I-295 and the Pennsylvania Turnpike. In the 1927 New Jersey state highway renumbering, Route 39 was legislated to begin at the Yardley–Wilburtha Bridge", "id": "9627779" }, { "contents": "James River Freeway\n\n\n. The portion of the James River Freeway between I-44 and the interchange with US 60 and Route 413 is designated as Route 360. Other than its endpoints, there is only one interchange on the route: Route MM in Brookline (now part of Republic). Exit markers for the highway mark the road as the James River Freeway and have no control cities, only \"To Route 60\" eastbound and \"To I-44\" westbound. The control cities between US 60 and US 65 are Republic westbound and Rogersville eastbound. At", "id": "6615288" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 6 in Rhode Island\n\n\nturns south on the I-295 collector/distributor roads to the west end of that freeway. The south interchange of US 6 and I-295 has numerous ramp stubs once intended for a western continuation of the Roberts Expressway as Interstate 84. The six-lane Roberts Expressway has interchanges with Route 5, U.S. Route 6A, Route 128, and US 6A again on its way to Olneyville. It crosses from Johnston into Providence just west of the bridge over Route 128. At the second US 6A interchange, the older Olneyville Bypass begins,", "id": "21794194" }, { "contents": "Flatbush Avenue Connector\n\n\nstate proposed the corridor as the Cedar Ridge Connector with no number, leading from its current terminus at I-84 to U.S. 5/Route 15 in Wethersfield. The short expressway planned to include an interchange with a planned but cancelled Route 71 expressway leading to New Britain. Circa 2015, the viaduct carrying the northbound ramp to Eastbound I-84 was removed, and a new alignment adjacent to the southbound off ramp from Westbound I-84 was built. Exit 45 is currently an incomplete interchange, with ramps only for I-84 westbound to SR 504 (left", "id": "5839909" }, { "contents": "Interstate 195 (New Jersey)\n\n\ndesignation west and south, along existing I-95 instead. I-195's western terminus is at a modified cloverleaf interchange with I-295 in Hamilton Township, Mercer County, located southeast of the city of Trenton. From this end, the freeway continues north into Trenton as Route 29. I-195 serves as the southern continuation of Route 29, continuing east from I-295 as a six-lane expressway, passing between suburban neighborhoods to the north and the Crosswicks Creek to the south. After the exit for US 206, the highway narrows to four lanes", "id": "14760197" }, { "contents": "Massachusetts Route 25\n\n\nRoute 25 west mainline onto Route 495 north, with the right-hand lane serving I-195 via Exit 1. From I-195, Route 25 east is accessible via Exit 22A; I-195 terminates at the interchange. Interstate 495 also terminates at its junction with Route 25; the two southbound lanes of I-495 default onto Route 25 east. After the interchange with I-195 and I-495, Route 25 begins to head in a southeastern direction into the town of Wareham as a six-lane freeway. The route passes under Tihonet Road and through Maple", "id": "18239659" }, { "contents": "California State Route 56\n\n\ncompleted in 1995 after several lawsuits filed by the Sierra Club and other community groups. The two ends were not connected until the middle portion of the freeway was completed in 2004. The delay was largely due to funding issues and environmental concerns. Eastbound SR 56 begins as a ramp from the northbound I-5's local bypass lanes. The interchange is not complete; southbound I-5 traffic must exit to Carmel Valley Road before entering SR 56. Westbound traffic on SR 56 merges into the southbound I-5 local bypass lanes, which provide access to", "id": "2729277" }, { "contents": "Utah State Route 161\n\n\nState Route 161 (SR-161) is a long state highway, designated as a rural major connector, completely within Millard County in central Utah. The highway connects Interstate 70 (I-70) to I-15 while providing service to historic Cove Fort. The route was once part of U.S. Route 91 (US-91), but was renumbered to SR-161 in the 1970s, in parallel with the construction of I-70. Located entirely in southeastern Millard County, SR-161 starts at a diamond interchange with the westernmost exit on I-70 before it terminates at I-15.", "id": "14472451" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 in Connecticut\n\n\nbrief concurrency with Route 72 to the New Britain city line. From the Route 72 junction through Farmington, West Hartford, and into Hartford, I-84 has many left-hand exits and entrances and sharp curves, which were built for a planned network of freeways. In Farmington, US 6 joins I-84 once again at exit 38, and both meet the northern end of the Route 9 expressway at a half-used multi-level stack interchange that was originally planned to be part of the mostly-cancelled I-291 Hartford Beltway.", "id": "14727150" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 40\n\n\nan interchange. Route 40 begins from northbound I-91 in North Haven as the Exit 10 off-ramp. The designation runs for along the exit ramp. The expressway then proceeds northwest and is joined by on-ramps from Bailey Road and southbound I-91. The I-91 interchange includes an overpass over the Quinnipiac River and railroad tracks. About past the I-91 interchange, the road crosses over another set of railroad tracks, then has an interchange with U.S. Route 5. Access to and from US 5 is via Dixwell Avenue (SR 717", "id": "15644232" }, { "contents": "Interstate 695 (District of Columbia)\n\n\nsome remaining \"To I-395\" signage can still be found along I-695 westbound. The new signs designate I-695 as extending from the point where I-395 branches off from the Southeast Freeway, with I-695 continuing along the Southeast Freeway and over the new 11th Street Bridge to the interchange with I-295. However, some commentators contend the new signage is confusing and that the Southeast Freeway is often confused with Baltimore's Beltway, a highway with the same route designation. The entire route is in Washington, D.C. Exits were unnumbered until July 2014.", "id": "13815020" }, { "contents": "California State Route 91\n\n\nState Route 91 (SR 91) is a major east–west state highway in the U.S. state of California that serves several regions of the Greater Los Angeles urban area. A freeway throughout its entire length, it officially runs from Vermont Avenue in Gardena, just west of the junction with the Harbor Freeway (Interstate 110, I-110), east to Riverside at the junction with the Pomona (SR 60 west of SR 91) and Moreno Valley (SR 60 and I-215 east of SR 91) freeways. Though signs along", "id": "4945631" }, { "contents": "Tennessee State Route 182\n\n\nState Route 182 (abbreviated SR 182) is a secondary state highway in western Dyer County, Tennessee. This route is primarily rural in nature throughout its length. The first of SR 182 from its southern terminus with SR 104 to Interstate 155 is a modern two-lane facility with a speed limit. I-155 ended at Exit 7 during the 1970s and this section of SR 182 also served as a temporary link to SR 104 for eastbound motorists until the freeway was completed to Exit 15. SR 182 north of I-155 to its", "id": "12693771" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 4 in New Hampshire\n\n\nI-93 southbound, and runs along the freeway until Exit 15E in Concord. At this interchange, US-4 leaves I-93 and joins Interstate 393 and U.S. Route 202 which run eastbound out of the city. The two U.S. routes overlap I-393 to its terminus in the northern corner of Pembroke. I-393 then ends, and US-4/US-202 merge onto Route 9 eastbound through Chichester and into Epsom. The road crosses Route 28 at the Epsom Traffic Circle, then continues east and intersects Route 107, forming a long four-route concurrency into Northwood", "id": "19470164" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 9\n\n\nriver, it passes through the towns of Essex, Deep River, Chester, Haddam, and Middletown). After its junction with Interstate 91 in Cromwell, Route 9 continues westward then northward, running through the Hartford area towns/cities of Berlin, New Britain, Newington, and Farmington. At the junction with I-84/US 6 near the Farmington - West Hartford town line, Route 9 follows the ramps for eastbound I-84 and ends at the merge with I-84 immediately after crossing the town line. Route 9 has a non", "id": "15881245" }, { "contents": "Maryland Route 32\n\n\nCSX line) and several industrial parks in Annapolis Junction. MD 32 continues northwest into Savage, where the highway has a cloverleaf interchange with US 1 (Washington Boulevard) that includes collector-distributor lanes in both directions. North of Savage, the freeway has a partial cloverleaf interchange with I-95 that has a pair of left-exiting ramps from westbound MD 32 to southbound I-95 and from eastbound MD 32 to northbound I-95; because of these left exits, I-95 is configured differently in that its southbound lanes pass under MD 32 and", "id": "8470347" }, { "contents": "Interstate 95 in Massachusetts\n\n\nto eight lanes. Then the highway passes through Newton, then enters Weston and has a large interchange with the Massachusetts Turnpike (I-90) that provides connections to nearby Route 30. There is a fourth lane after the interchange with Route 9. Exits 23, 24, and 25 are one combined exit northbound. I-95 and Route 128 are due west of Boston at this point and begin to turn to the northeast, serving the city of Waltham and the town of Lexington along the way. The freeway has an interchange with Route", "id": "18993893" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 372\n\n\nthe Mattabesset River, intersecting I-91 at Exit 21. It then widens to 4 lanes, and intersects the northern end of Route 217. Farther east, it crosses Route 3 before meeting Route 9 once again at Exit 19. It then turns southeast to at an intersection with Route 99 at the Cromwell town center. Route 72 was established in the 1932 state highway renumbering between Route 66 in Middletown and Route 10 Plainville. By the beginning of 1963, after the implementation of the 1962 Route Reclassification Act, Route 72 was extended", "id": "8495485" }, { "contents": "Interstate 664\n\n\nhas a connection to Portsmouth through Virginia State Route 164 (SR 164) and to Suffolk via U.S. Route 13, US 58, and US 460. I-664 begins at a full Y interchange with I-64 and I-264 that serves as the terminus of all three Interstates in the Bowers Hill section of the city of Chesapeake. I-64 heads southeast as a continuation of the Hampton Roads Beltway through Chesapeake while I-264 heads east toward Portsmouth and Norfolk. I-664 heads west as an eight-lane freeway that has a southbound-only exit ramp to", "id": "13145352" }, { "contents": "Virginia State Route 194\n\n\ncloverleaf interchange with I-64 (Hampton Roads Beltway) that only contains ramps in the northeast and southwest quadrants of the interchange. Northbound SR 194 has an exit ramp to and an entrance ramp from westbound I-64. Southbound SR 194 has an exit ramp to and an entrance ramp from eastbound I-64. The missing connections with I-64 are made via SR 247 to the south and SR 165 (Little Creek Road) to the north of the Interstate. North of SR 165, SR 194 becomes a four-lane divided highway north to its", "id": "19152409" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nalphabetic values to allow for future system expansion. The alphabetic naming suffixes are included as small letters on the bottom of reassurance shields. The Glenrio business spur of Interstate 40 begins at I-40 on exit 0 just east of the New Mexico-Texas state line. The highway runs south from the interchange towards Former route 66, then turns west along that decommissioned route where it terminates at the Texas-New Mexico State Line. The Adrian business loop of Interstate 40 begins at I-40 at exit 22 and runs along Former route 66 to", "id": "294158" }, { "contents": "Vermont Route 103\n\n\nand slightly better road across the Green Mountains to Rutland, it is a direct east–west road intersecting Interstate 91 significantly north of the diagonal 103. Numerous proposals to widen 103 into a two-lane freeway or similar limited-access roadway have failed, even though a substantial power company right of way shadows the road for much of its length. VT 103 begins at U.S. Route 5 in Rockingham just east of Interstate 91 and just north of Bellows Falls. From there, it interchanges with I-91 at exit 6 and proceeds", "id": "13506058" } ]

[ { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\nInterstate 691 (I-691) is a portion of the Interstate Highway System in Connecticut beginning at Interstate 91 in Meriden and ending at Interstate 84 near the Cheshire-Southington town line. It is in length, including of the exit ramp to the merge with westbound I-84. I-691 is also known as the Henry D. Altobello Highway for its entire length. I-691 is the main east–west highway of the city of Meriden. The freeway actually begins in Middlefield as Route 66, technically becoming I-691 at the junction with I-91 (Exit", "id": "767379" }, { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\n11). However, westbound signage indicates I-691 begins at the start of the freeway (just west of Exit 13), while eastbound signage shows I-691 ending at the Route 15 interchange (at eastbound Exit 10 about west of the interchange with I-91). To go from I-91 northbound to I-691 westbound (or from I-691 eastbound to I-91 southbound), one must actually use Route 15. Exit 9 westbound provides access to Route 15 North. West of the I-91/Route 15 interchange, I-691 meets US 5, which provides", "id": "767380" }, { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\n66. The highway was extended west to Exit 4 by 1971. The connection to I-84 was eventually completed in 1987, with the renumbering to I-691 done at the same time. The portion east of I-91 remained as Route 66. Environmental and community groups successfully blocked attempts to extend the freeway east of its present terminus due to potential impacts on the Mt. Higby Reservoir, which provides drinking water for the local area. A compromise was reached in the late 1990s allowing CONNDOT to convert Route 66 from a 2-lane road to 4 lanes", "id": "767383" }, { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\nat Exit 4. It then crosses the Quinnipiac River into Cheshire, where it has an interchange with Route 10, then continues west to end at I-84 at the Southington/Cheshire town line. The highway officially ends as it merges into I-84 West. In the 1940s, the I-691 routing was part of a planned US 6A Expressway from Southington to Willimantic. A section of the expressway (from its Middlefield terminus west to Exit 8) first opened in 1966. By 1968, the US 6A designation was dropped in favor of Route", "id": "767382" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 66\n\n\nRoute 66 is a Connecticut state highway running from Meriden to Windham, serving as an alternate east–west route to US 6 through east-central Connecticut. Route 66 officially begins at I-91 in Meriden as the extension of I-691, which officially ends at its interchange with I-91. This freeway portion runs for about into the town of Middlefield, where it becomes a four lane surface road. In Middlefield, it has junctions with the northern end of Route 147, and the southern end of Route 217. It then enters Middletown", "id": "16691092" }, { "contents": "Interstate 91\n\n\nUS 5 begins at the first of its many interchanges with the freeway. Leaving New Haven, I-91 follows a northeastward trek into North Haven, where it meets the southern end of the Route 40 expressway. It travels through the eastern part of Wallingford before entering the eastern part of the city of Meriden. In Meriden, about halfway between Hartford and New Haven, I-91 sees a complex set of interchanges with the Wilbur Cross Parkway (Route 15), the Route 66 expressway, and its first spur route, I-691. I-691", "id": "8976770" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 15\n\n\nmore northeasterly in North Haven. Major junctions include the Milford Parkway (SR 796), a connector providing access to Interstate 95 and US 1 beginning just east of the Sikorsky Bridge; US 5 in Wallingford; and a complex set of interchanges in Meriden providing access to I-91, I-691, and the Route 66 expressway. The parkway ends about a mile north of I-691 as US 5 joins Route 15 and the road becomes a four-lane divided highway with signalized and at-grade intersections known as the Berlin Turnpike. After", "id": "14881517" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 66\n\n\nthe expressway from US 5 in Meriden to Middlefield (where the current expressway ends) opened to traffic. By 1968, the US 6A designation was removed and split into several routes. The section from I-84 in Southington to US 6 in Columbia was renumbered as Route 66, including the newly opened freeway segment. In 1971, another section of the Route 66 freeway opened from between Route 322 and US 5. In 1987, with the completion of the freeway connection to I-84, the section of Route 66 west of I-91 was", "id": "16691099" }, { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\naccess to Route 15 North for eastbound traffic. Exit 7 provides access to Downtown Meriden. Westbound traffic exits onto State Street Extension, while eastbound traffic enters onto Columbia Street. Exits 6 and 5 provide access to Route 71, as well as access to Westfield Meriden. Exit 6 exits to Lewis Avenue, while Exit 5 exits directly to Route 71. From here, I-691 passes along the north side of Hubbard Park as well as by Castle Craig before it crosses into Southington. It then meets the eastern end of Route 322", "id": "767381" }, { "contents": "Interstate 291 (Connecticut)\n\n\nInterstate 291 (I-291) is a short Interstate Highway in the state of Connecticut that starts at I-91 at its junction with Route 218 in Windsor and ends at I-84 in Manchester. It serves as a northeastern bypass of Hartford. The official length of I-291 is , including of the exit ramp to the merge with eastbound I-84. I-291 is also known as the Vietnam Veterans Memorial Highway for its entire length. I-291 begins at I-91 in Windsor at an interchange that also provides access to and from Route 218. Heading southeast, I-291", "id": "4834367" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 in Connecticut\n\n\ncity of Waterbury, where it intersects the Route 8 expressway and crosses the Naugatuck River on an elevated dual-decked viaduct known locally as The Mixmaster. After passing through Cheshire, I-84 intersects the western end of I-691 at the Cheshire–Southington town line, which is also the New Haven–Hartford county line. I-84 turns more northerly for a stretch to exit 31 (Route 229), which provides access to Lake Compounce Amusement Park and ESPN World Headquarters. The freeway heads more northeasterly to Plainville, where it has a", "id": "14727149" }, { "contents": "Interstate 384\n\n\nInterstate 384 (I-384) is an Interstate Highway located entirely within the state of Connecticut. It runs east to west, going from Interstate 84 in East Hartford to U.S. Route 6/U.S. Route 44 in Bolton. I-384 officially begins at I-84 eastbound Exit 59 at the East Hartford/Manchester town line, as the right 2 lanes of traffic split from the I-84 mainline. The highway can also be accessed from the I-84 eastbound HOV lane, and westbound I-384 traffic can also access the HOV lane on westbound I-84. Westbound I-84", "id": "10503364" }, { "contents": "Special routes of U.S. Route 6\n\n\n6A from Plymouth–Farmington, this became US 6A. This US 6A was subsequently extended through Meriden to Willimantic along modern Route 66. An expressway upgrade was planned for this US 6A. Only a portion of the highway was built and is now I-691. U.S. Route 6A (US 6A) between Coventry and Windham was designated when New England Interstate Route 3 (NE-3) was deleted. The route was swapped with the old US 6 in 1939 and finally deleted in 1942 when US 6A became Route 31. U.S. Route 6A (US", "id": "10795785" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 (Pennsylvania–Massachusetts)\n\n\nNew Milford. Route 6 leaves the interstate at the next exit, and I-84 continues east across the countryside. At Exit 11, it turns to the northeast and descends to cross the Housatonic River on the Rochambeau Bridge, into New Haven County. It then climbs onto higher ground to the city of Waterbury, which it passes on an elevated viaduct with the eastbound and westbound lanes on different levels. Here the CT 8 expressway intersects. The eastern heading continues past Waterbury to Milldale, where Interstate 691 splits off to the east", "id": "12185438" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 120\n\n\nRoute 120 is a state highway in Connecticut, running entirely in the town of Southington. It serves as a more direct connection between the town center of Southington and the city of Meriden. Route 120 begins at an intersection with Route 322 in southeastern Southington, just west of the Meriden city line and about from an interchange with I-691. It heads in a northwest direction, crossing Misery Brook about later, passing by the St. Thomas Cemetery, then intersecting with Route 364 after another . Route 120 ends at an intersection with Route", "id": "21983096" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 322\n\n\nmeets Route 10 at a grade separated intersection. It briefly crosses into Cheshire before crossing the Quinnipiac River and reentering southeastern Southington. It meets the southern end of Route 120 before ending at an interchange with I-691 near the Southington-Meriden town line. The road continues into Meriden as West Main Street. Route 322 was established in 1963, running from Route 69 to then US 6A (Meriden Road) in Wolcott. The year before becoming a signed route, Route 322 was taken over by the state and designated as unsigned SR", "id": "8420887" }, { "contents": "Interstate 91\n\n\n. As such, it is almost always heavily trafficked (especially during rush hour), and maintains at least three lanes in each direction through Connecticut except for a short portion in Hartford at the interchange with I-84 and in Meriden at the interchange with Route 15. The three cities also serve as Connecticut's control points along its length of the Interstate. I-91 begins just east of downtown New Haven at an interchange with I-95 (the Connecticut Turnpike), and Route 34. At the bottom of the ramp for exit 5,", "id": "8976769" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 66\n\n\nIt ran from the Milldale section of Southington, via Meriden and Middletown, to Willimantic. In the 1932 state highway renumbering, old Highway 111 was designated as part of Route 14, which extended from Woodbury to the Rhode Island state line. In 1941, the section of Route 14 from Woodbury to Willimantic was redesignated as US 6A, connecting at US 6 on both ends. In the early 1960s, plans for constructing a US 6A expressway between I-84 in Southington and Willimantic were announced. By 1966, a short portion of", "id": "16691098" }, { "contents": "Interstate 66\n\n\nfrom eastbound I-66 to the West Falls Church Metro station at the Leesburg Pike (Virginia State Route 7) interchange and will provide a new bridge for the W&OD Trail over Lee Highway (Virginia State Route 29). In Washington D.C., I-66 was planned to extend east of its current terminus along the North Leg of the Inner Loop freeway. I-66 would have also met the eastern terminus of a planned Interstate 266 at US 29, and the western terminus of the South Leg Freeway (I-695) at US 50; I-266 would", "id": "9038810" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 10\n\n\n. It then turns north onto Dixwell Avenue, and intersects the Wilbur Cross Parkway (Route 15) at Exit 60. In the center of Hamden, it turns onto Whitney Avenue. Proceeding northward, it encounters the northern end of the Route 40 freeway and the western end of Route 22 . In Cheshire, it meets the eastern end of Route 42, and has a brief triplex with Routes 68 and 70. At the north end of town is a junction with I-691 at Exit 3. It then enters Southington, where", "id": "16098035" }, { "contents": "Interstate 80 in Iowa\n\n\nthe east at the Jordan Creek Parkway exit. The highway adds a third lane eastbound and drops the third lane westbound. Almost to the east is the interchange with I-35, which also marks the beginning of I-235. Eastbound I-80 exits the freeway via a flyover ramp to northbound I-35; eastbound I-235 begins as the continuation of the I-80 freeway. Locally, this exit is called the West Mixmaster. I-80 shares the next with I-35 on a six-lane freeway where each direction's three lanes are separated by a Jersey barrier.", "id": "3837266" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 68\n\n\nto its junction with I-91 at Exit 15. After overpassing I-91 and passing a couple of business parks, Route 68 becomes a 2 lane road once again. It then enters Durham, where it passes the southern end of Route 157 before ending at Route 17 in the center of town. The road connecting Naugatuck and Cheshire was designated in 1922 as State Highway 325. In the 1932 state highway renumbering, former Highway 325 was renumbered to Route 68. The route was later extended east to Middlefield in 1966 along former SR 607", "id": "3645090" }, { "contents": "Interstate 480 (Nebraska–Iowa)\n\n\nLeavenworth neighborhood from the Old Market neighborhood. Shortly after the Leavenworth Street exit is the Harney Street exit, which provides access to U.S. Route 6 from eastbound I-480. before the North Freeway interchange, I-480 passes beneath Dodge and Douglas Streets, which are the westbound and eastbound lanes of U.S. 6, respectively. Just to the southwest of the Creighton University campus is the North Freeway interchange, where US 75 leaves eastbound I-480 and joins westbound. The North Freeway was originally planned to be an Interstate Highway, \"I-580\", connecting", "id": "10317788" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nExit 110 leading to the I-40 frontage road along the eastbound lanes, which suddenly becomes a divided highway named \"Route 66.\" The first intersection is a connecting road to the parts of the interchange with the eastbound on-ramp, as well as the frontage roads along the westbound lanes, leading to the western terminus of the business loop. Shortly after this is the barely paved Carson County Road BB. The divided highway ends just west of TX FM 295 and Carson County Road CC (Western Avenue), and gains", "id": "294168" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 in New York\n\n\n6 and 202 closely parallel I-84 to the north, between the freeway and one of the upper basins of East Branch Reservoir, part of New York City's water supply system. The northern terminus of NY 121 lets eastbound traffic on and westbound traffic off. Two miles (3.2 km) to the east, Signs appear for Saw Mill Road, exit 1 on Connecticut's stretch of I-84, and its ramps leave the highway just a hundred feet (30 m) before the state line. The route of I-84 through the", "id": "995373" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 34\n\n\nLegion Avenue, later becoming South Frontage Road (former Oak Street), while westbound Route 34 uses North Frontage Road. The eastbound section running along Legion Avenue and South Frontage Road (1.03 miles) is town-maintained. The corresponding westbound section along North Frontage Road is officially designated as State Road 706 but is signed as Route 34 West. Route 34 then continues along the Oak Street Connector, a six-lane freeway that connects to I-91 and I-95. The freeway portion has two westbound exits and three eastbound entrances,", "id": "5492586" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nfor BL-40, because south of this intersection is an approach to a westbound on-eastbound off wye interchange with I-40. Immediately after this intersection, BL-40 ends at an eastbound on-westbound off wye interchange with I-40. The Clinton business loop of Interstate 40 is the fourth business route of I-40 in Oklahoma, running from exit 65 to exit 69, although only part of the route runs along former US 66. The route begins at exit 65, which is an eastbound flyover with no re-entry, and a westbound", "id": "294183" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nand maintenance facility, and then leaves the frontage road at the on ramp to eastbound I-40, where it meets its terminus. The frontage roads along both sides of I-40 continue through three more interchanges before crossing the Texas-Oklahoma State Line. The Erick business loop of Interstate 40 is the first business route of I-40 in Oklahoma. It begins on exit 5 (Honeyfarm Drive) and runs south into North 1720th Road until that street ends at a four-lane divided highway known as East 1240th Road (former Route 66)", "id": "294176" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 542\n\n\nRoute 542 (also known as Ferguson Road) is a state road in northern Connecticut. It is contained inside the town of Vernon. It runs from Route 533 to Route 541. Route 542 begins at Route 543 (Tunnel Road) in the central portion of the town of Vernon. It then heads east for about before intersecting with exit 66 on Interstate 84 (I-84}. Only travelers on westbound I-84 can exit onto Route 542, and that travelers on Route 542 can only get onto westbound I-84. About from the", "id": "1160744" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 71\n\n\nas it intersects West Main Street. While southbound traffic may continue from West Main Street onto Cook Avenue, northbound traffic must turn right onto Hanover Street, then left onto South Grove Street, and left onto West Main Street to continue. Once reunited, Route 71 proceeds west on West Main Street before turning north onto Chamberlain Highway. It then crosses I-691 at Exit 5, with access to and from the west. It then crosses into Berlin, passing the eastern end of Route 364 before turning northeast as the Chamberlain Highway becomes", "id": "18857060" }, { "contents": "Interstate 91\n\n\nparallels the river, never more than from its shore. I-91 then enters the Hartford city limits. In Hartford, I-91 it has a set of interchanges with US 5/Route 15 (Wilbur Cross Highway), which provides access from I-91 north to I-84 east, and from I-84 west to I-91 south via the Charter Oak Bridge. I-91 then has an interchange with I-84, where all other movements to and from I-84 take place. Before leaving the city limits, an HOV lane begins that has its own set of interchanges", "id": "8976772" }, { "contents": "Interstate 210 (Louisiana)\n\n\nShip Channel. At the southeastern end of the bridge, the highway meets with exit 3, Prien Lake Road, eastbound. I-210 heads east through Lake Charles, turning 90 degrees at exit 8, LA 14/Gerstner Memorial Drive. The highway then heads north towards its eastern terminus with I-10 just east of Lake Charles. Though portions of the freeway run north-south, the entire route is signed east-west. All of I-210 is included as part of the National Highway System, a system of roadways important to", "id": "2671252" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 95 in California\n\n\nChemehuevi Mountains before entering the city of Needles after several miles. After passing the Needles Municipal Airport, US 95 merges onto I-40 westbound and continues through Needles on the freeway. US 95 exits from I-40 west of Needles and continues northwest to Searchlight Junction, where US 95 continues north at the junction with the old routing of US 66. The highway continues north, east of Homer Mountain, to the Nevada state line. US 95 is part of the California Freeway and Expressway System, and a small portion near I-10 and the", "id": "21402148" }, { "contents": "Interstate 66\n\n\nInterstate 66 (I-66) is an Interstate Highway in the eastern United States. As indicated by its even route number, it runs in an east–west direction. Its current western terminus is near Middletown, Virginia, at an interchange with I-81; its eastern terminus is in Washington, D.C., at an interchange with U.S. Route 29. Because of its terminus in the Shenandoah Valley, the highway was once called the \"Shenandoah Freeway.\" Much of the route parallels U.S. Route 29 or Virginia State Route 55. Interstate", "id": "9038774" }, { "contents": "Interstate 95 in Connecticut\n\n\nof around 150,000 throughout the entire length between the New York state line and the junction with I-91 in New Haven. The Turnpike intersects with several major expressways, namely US 7 at Exit 15 in Norwalk, Route 8 and Route 25 at Exit 27A in Bridgeport (quickest way to I-84 from southwest CT), the Merritt and Wilbur Cross Parkways at Exit 38 (via the Milford Parkway) in Milford, and Interstate 91 at Exit 48 in New Haven. North (east) of I-91, the Turnpike continues along the Connecticut", "id": "5620386" }, { "contents": "Missouri Route 96\n\n\nRoute 96 was redesignated as Route YY west of Route 171 when Kansas deleted the eastern part of K-96. Route 96 begins at a partial interchange with Interstate 44 (I-44) just west of Halltown (there is no access to westbound I-44 or from eastbound I-44). The highway is a two-lane road and is relatively straight all the way to Carthage. Approximately west of I-44 is the western terminus of Route 266. Approximately further west, Route 96 is joined by Historic Route 66. At Albatross, is an intersection", "id": "11824778" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nI-40, and the former segment of US 66 along the north side continues as one of the two I-40 frontage roads. The Amarillo business loop of Interstate 40 begins at I-40 exit 62A just west of Amarillo. The highway was formerly a business route for Route 66, being that highway's only bannered route in Texas. Bus. I-40 D is known locally as Amarillo Boulevard and is the longest buisness route of Interstate 40. Bus. I-40 D begins at Interstate 40 exit 62A just west of Amarillo near Cadillac Ranch. The", "id": "294164" }, { "contents": "Interstate 540 and North Carolina Highway 540\n\n\nto the Western Wake Freeway and future Southern and Eastern Wake Freeways. As of January 2013, the North Carolina state route traverses east–west from I-40, in Durham County to NC 55, in Holly Springs. Initially intended to be signed as an extension of the I-540 loop, the first section of the route bears mile markers and exit numbers for the complete Interstate loop, going from 66 to 69. In Mid-2012, this section of the beltway became part of the Triangle Expressway. No portion of I-540 is tolled.", "id": "6204061" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 229\n\n\nRoute 229 is a state highway in the western Greater Hartford area of the U.S. state of Connecticut. It runs north–south from Interstate 84 in Southington to U.S. Route 6 in Bristol. Along the way, it intersects Route 72 in the Forestville section of Bristol. Route 229 nominally begins at the end of the eastbound Exit 31 off-ramp of I-84 in western Southington, heading northward along West Street. State maintenance and the official southern end of Route 229 actually begins about south of the off-ramp. West Street", "id": "7429975" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nwhich focuses on the roads former status as Route 66. The commercial strip ends after a dirt road named North Tennessee Street. \"Route 66\" splits from East 12th Street at an intersection that's another connecting road to the eastbound off-ramp of Exit 164, the then runs over the overpass above I-40 to turn right at the frontage road along the westbound lanes leading to the western beginning of the business loop. Eastbound Business Interstate Route 40-J narrows down to a two-lane undivided highway before passing by a TxDOT construction", "id": "294175" }, { "contents": "Highway revolts in the United States\n\n\nInterstate 291 beltway west of Interstate 91, the proposed Interstate 484 expressway through the downtown, and the proposed Interstate 284 expressway between East Hartford and South Windsor, and Interstate 491 from Wethersfield to Manchester. After these freeways were cancelled, the State of Connecticut used the funds allocated for their construction to rebuild and expand existing freeways in the Greater Hartford area. In 1992 the Route 9 Expressway was extended north from I-91 in New Britain to Interstate 84 in Farmington, completing what would have been the southwest quadrant of the I-291 beltway;", "id": "256037" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 in Connecticut\n\n\nthe northern end of the Route 15 expressway, it inherits the Wilbur Cross Highway name for the rest of its length. From 1968 until 1984, the I-84 designation ended here, and the highway became I-86 for the rest of its length, as I-84 was once planned to be built east toward Providence, Rhode Island. I-84 intersects one of the remnants of the abandoned project, I-384, as part of a series of complex interchanges in Manchester including the end of the US 6 concurrency at exit 60, and a connection to", "id": "14727152" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nfrontage roads along the westbound lanes leading to the western beginning of the business loop, and an unorthodox roadside attraction known as the Leaning Tower of Texas. Business Interstate Route 40-F ends at the on ramp to eastbound I-40, as does the divided former US 66, which is converted back into the frontage road along the eastbound lanes of I-40. The McLean business loop of Interstate 40 runs from exit 141 to 143. Officially designated as Business Interstate 40-H by the Texas Department of Transportation, it begins at I-40 at an eastbound flyover", "id": "294170" }, { "contents": "Maryland Route 53\n\n\nstate highway then meets its northern terminus at an intersection with US 40 Alternate in La Vale. Access to westbound I-68 is provided a short distance to the east on US 40 Alternate. MD 53 is part of US 220 Truck, which provides access from Interstate 68 (I-68) west of La Vale to southbound US 220 for trucks due to a truck prohibition on the eastbound exit ramp for I-68's interchange with US 220. The state highway is part of the main National Highway System from US 220 to I-68; in addition", "id": "11898711" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 84\n\n\nend street at the truck stop along the aforementioned frontage road. Interstate 84 Business was a business loop of I-84 along in Morgan, Utah. It ran north along Utah State Route 66 at Exit 103 (State Street) to East 600th Street running along the north side of I-84 until the former westbound-off-ramp and eastbound on-ramp that was once westbound Exit 103 until the mid-1990s. Interstate 84 Business was a business loop of I-84 along in Henefer, Utah. It ran southeast along the southwest side of I-84", "id": "6061978" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 5 in Connecticut\n\n\nStreet becomes Broad Street after the intersection with Hall Avenue as it passes by the eastern part of the city, avoiding the downtown area. Past Olive Street, the road becomes divided with a wide grassy median. At the north end of the divided section, it has an intersection with East Main Street, the main east–west business route through the city. About north of East Main Street, US 5 has an interchange with I-691 (at exit 8). At the intersection with Brittania Street, the road becomes North Broad", "id": "5428414" }, { "contents": "Interstate 91\n\n\nthe river can also be easily accessed in this stretch. At exit 19 is the northern terminus of I-93, a major interstate highway in New England, which provides a direct route south through the White Mountains and to almost all major cities in New Hampshire. Just after exit 19, there are three exits for St. Johnsbury, including a major intersection with US 2. Along westbound US 2, the capital of Vermont, Montpelier, is eventually reached from I-91, although I-89 provides Montpelier with immediate Interstate access. I-91 continues northward", "id": "8976783" }, { "contents": "Massachusetts Turnpike\n\n\nand the seventh-longest gap between exits in the entire Interstate Highway System. The highest elevation on the turnpike exists in The Berkshires, reaching above sea level in Becket; this point is also the highest elevation on I-90 east of South Dakota. Beyond the peak elevation and between the exits, an eastbound runaway truck ramp exists in Russell. The turnpike has an interchange with I-91 and US 5 at exit 4 in West Springfield; it passes over the Connecticut River before reaching Route 33 at exit 5 and I-291 at exit 6", "id": "8595595" }, { "contents": "County Route 66 (California)\n\n\ncrossing paths with the freeway again at Fenner, before heading east on Goffs Road to the junction with US 95. Next, CR 66 cosigns along US 95 south to the junction with I-40, where both the US and county routes cosign with I-40 heading east towards Needles. CR 66 exits the freeway at River Road Cutoff, where it immediately turns onto National Trails Highway after exiting. The route follows National Trails Highway to its end on River Road, then begins its southeast journey into downtown Needles. After an interchange with I-40", "id": "21979064" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 (Pennsylvania–Massachusetts)\n\n\n. This section has many left-hand exits and entrances and sharp curves, which were built for a planned network of freeways. I-84 heads northeast towards New Britain and Hartford, the state capital and the largest community along its eastern length. After intersecting Interstate 91, the road crosses the Connecticut River on the Bulkeley Bridge, oldest on the Interstate system, then becomes the Wilbur Cross Highway and continues towards the northeast. The last exit in Connecticut is Exit 74, an exit for Route 171. I-84 crosses the Massachusetts border", "id": "12185439" }, { "contents": "Rhode Island Route 4\n\n\n. After exit 7, Route 4 continues northward as a six-lane expressway, passing farmlands to the west and entering a suburban region of East Greenwich. The highway crosses under an overpass at Middle Road before interchanging with Route 401, the freeway's final spur, at another partial cloverleaf interchange. Exit 8 is also used to access Route 2 and I-95 south, which has no direct freeway connection with Route 4 north. Shortly after exit 8, the Route 4 designation ends and the mainline of the highway defaults onto I-95", "id": "14737226" }, { "contents": "Cromwell, Connecticut\n\n\nis land and (4.03%) is water. A major north/south highway, Interstate 91, with two Cromwell exits, runs through the Town. The Central Connecticut Expressway (Route 9), opened at the end of 1989, enhances the Town's location as it connects I-95 in Old Saybrook, I-91 in Cromwell and I-84, the State's major east/west highway in New Britain. As of the census of 2010, there were 14,005 people, 5,212 households, and 3,262 families residing in the town.", "id": "17977773" }, { "contents": "Interstate 190 (South Dakota)\n\n\n16 westbound goes east on Omaha Street and eastbound runs north concurrently with I-190. I-190 then becomes a freeway, with an exit to North Street. I-190 then passes under Anamosa Street before an on-ramp from the northbound lanes of West Boulevard. Both US 16 and I-190 then terminate at a trumpet interchange with I-90/US 14/SD 79. Legally, the route of I-190 is defined at South Dakota Codified Laws § 31-4-203. I-190 was opened in 1962 to connect Rapid City to the recently completed", "id": "2672231" }, { "contents": "Interstate 210 and State Route 210 (California)\n\n\nfor the interchange between State Route 57 and the Foothill Freeway, Interstate 210. The \"curve\" portion refers to the interchange from the northbound lanes of State Route 57 to the westbound lanes of I-210, and from the eastbound lanes of I-210 to the southbound lanes of State Route 57. The origin of the name comes from its location in the city of Glendora. Prior to 2002, this interchange was entirely part of I-210, and the eastern terminus of I-210 ended several miles south of the curve at the Kellogg Interchange at", "id": "2671217" }, { "contents": "Interstate 78 in New Jersey\n\n\nEntering more commercial areas, Route 173 merges onto I-78/US 22 at exit 13. At exit 15, the highway interchanges with CR 513, and Route 173 splits from I-78/US 22 by heading north on CR 513. At this point, the freeway enters Franklin Township briefly at exit 15 and then enters Clinton where it crosses the South Branch Raritan River. I-78/US 22 turns northeast and leaves Clinton for Clinton Township, where it has an eastbound exit and westbound entrance for Route 173 that also provides access to", "id": "16353900" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 15\n\n\nlimits, the business route veers onto Center Street and follows that through the center of town. At the north end of the city, I-15 Bus. turns west and runs concurrently with US 30 to its northern end at I-15 Exit 47. Interstate 15 Business runs for exactly through Inkom in northern Bannock County. I-15 Bus. mostly follows Old Highway 91 between Exits 57 and 58, a pair of partial interchanges. Interstate 15 Business spans through Pocatello in northern Bannock County. I-15 Bus. begins at I-15 Exit 67, where", "id": "15434019" }, { "contents": "Interstate 10 in California\n\n\nI-10 down Interstate 5 between the East LA Interchange and the Santa Monica Freeway, negating a section of the San Bernardino Freeway west of I-5. This short section of Route 10 between Route 5 and Route 101, which was formerly defined as Route 110 (signed as Interstate 110) until 1968, is signed overhead for I-10 eastbound and for U.S. 101 westbound. This I-5/I-10 cosigning is consistent with the Federal Highway Administration's Interstate Highway route logs that such an overlap exists for the segment of I-10 in California. I-10 is", "id": "10298840" }, { "contents": "Nevada State Route 425\n\n\ncenter of Verdi, then southeast to its terminus at the I-80 East Verdi interchange (Exit 5). Although designated a state route and an Interstate business route, there are no route shields posted along the highway itself. The I-80 business route extends beyond the end of SR 425. From the highway's western terminus, I-80 Business follows Gold Ranch Road an additional south to end at an I-80 westbound onramp. The highway originally carried State Route 1 and later U.S. Route 40 on its trek west from Reno over Donner Pass towards", "id": "5840323" }, { "contents": "Interstate 516\n\n\ncurrent western terminus of I-516. In 1985, the entire highway from its then-current western terminus at Burnsed Blvd to Montgomery Street was designated as I-516. The freeway portion was extended westward to the interchange with SR 25 (Burnsed Blvd) and eastward to the current eastern terminus. Also US 17/SR 25 and US 80/SR 26 were re-routed along the freeway, from the West Bay Street exit to the Ogeechee Road exit. In 1995, US 17 had a major re-routing through the city", "id": "10860994" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 15\n\n\nState Route 28. Interstate 15 Business is a Business loop of Interstate 15 in Bringham City, and is also concurrent with Business Loop 84. It runs from an interchange at Exit 362 on I-15/84 at first along U.S. Route 91 to the intersection with U.S. Route 89 and UT 13. US 91 continues east along US 89, while BL 15/84 turns left to go north along UT 13 (South Main Street). Further in town, the road serves as the west end of Utah State Route 90. At Forest Street,", "id": "15434015" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 95 in Nevada\n\n\nthe Henderson Spaghetti Bowl (also known as the Hender-Bender) interchange of Interstate 215 and SR 564 and Interstate 515 begins. The freeway then heads west into Downtown Las Vegas, where it intersects Interstate 15. At the Spaghetti Bowl interchange, US 93 follows I-15 northbound and I-515 ends. US 95 heads west, then north at the Rainbow Curve. The freeway portion then ends at Corn Creek Road northwest of the Las Vegas Valley and then it becomes a brief four-lane divided highway. US 95 exits Clark County", "id": "7359006" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 15\n\n\nwhen it turns east onto Alameda Road, which becomes Pocatello Creek Road when it veers northeast to the business route's terminus at I-15 Exit 71. Interstate 15 Business has a length of through Blackfoot in central Bingham County. I-15 Bus. begins at I-15 Exit 89 near the northern end of the Fort Hall Indian Reservation and follows US 91 northeast parallel to the Union Pacific Railroad. The highways cross the Blackfoot River into the city of Blackfoot along Broadway Street. In downtown Blackfoot, the routes veer onto Main Street, then I-15", "id": "15434021" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 50 in Maryland\n\n\neastbound exit. Following this interchange, US 50 passes office parks and industrial development in New Carrollton. The highway reaches a hybrid turbine interchange with I-95/I-495, the Capital Beltway. At the I-95/I-495 interchange, the US 50 freeway becomes part of the Interstate Highway System as I-595, which is an unsigned highway. The road heads east as an ten-lane freeway, with the left lane in each direction designated as a high-occupancy vehicle lane (HOV lane). The freeway passes near residential development and", "id": "21110676" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nloop of Interstate 40 is the third business route of I-40 in Oklahoma. It runs northeast along former US 66 from eastbound exit 32 and turns east after the beginning of an overlap with OK 6 that runs along the route until OK 6 turns south at North Main Street. From there it snakes through the northeastern part of the city and after the intersection with OK 34 finally terminates with I-40 at westbound exit 41. The route begins at a left exit in a wye interchange with Interstate 40, which also serves as a connection", "id": "294180" }, { "contents": "Iowa Highway 330\n\n\nused as a connector between Des Moines and the Waterloo–Cedar Falls area. Iowa 330 begins at an interchange with Interstate 80 (I-80), U.S. Route 6 (US 6), and US 65 in Altoona. The I-80 freeway runs east–west; US 6 comes up from the southwest along Hubbell Avenue and joins eastbound I-80 while US 65 exits eastbound I-80 and turns onto Hubbell heading northeast. For the first of its routing, Iowa 330 shares the same roadway with US 65. The two routes head northeast on", "id": "10381823" }, { "contents": "Interstate 180 (Pennsylvania)\n\n\nat an interchange with U.S. Route 15 and U.S. Route 220. The highway begins its signage, concurrent along these routes. At exit 27A, US 15 leaves the overlap running south across the Carl E. Stotz Memorial Little League Bridge and I-180 continues eastward, still concurrent with US 220 northbound. From there, I-180 runs along the West Branch Susquehanna River until the highway reaches the eastern suburbs of Williamsport, where US 220 leaves the Interstate via exit 15. From US 220 to the eastern terminus, I-180 is aligned north–south", "id": "4494305" }, { "contents": "Interstate 76 (Ohio–New Jersey)\n\n\nJersey. After I-76 reaches its eastern terminus, the freeway continues as Route 42 and the Atlantic City Expressway to Atlantic City. I-76 begins at I-71 at exit 209, east of Lodi, Ohio; U.S. Route 224 (US 224) continues west from the end of I-76. The interchange was previously a double trumpet, but was reconstructed in 2010. Officially, I-76 begins at the beginning of the ramp from I-71 north; it merges with US 224 at mile 0.61. After passing through rural Medina County, I-76 enters Summit", "id": "12185505" }, { "contents": "Interstate 215 (Utah)\n\n\ninterchange features a grade-separated ramp from northbound 2000 East to eastbound I-215. Past this junction, another interchange at Union Park Avenue appears. Another grade-separated ramp from Union Park Avenue is present. The freeway enters Murray as an interchange serving westbound motorists connects to 280 East and State Street (U.S. Route 89, or US-89). Eastbound travelers connect to State Street further west at a separate exit. The road turns northwest for a short time to approach a junction at I-15 (often called the South Interchange).", "id": "9551591" }, { "contents": "List of state routes in Connecticut\n\n\n. Routes are signed state highways and are assigned numbers from 1 to 399 (with the exception of I-684 and I-691). All state, U.S. and Interstate highways are part of the same numbering system. In 1926, the U.S. highway system was implemented. U.S. Routes 1, 5, 6, and 7 were used as designations on several primary state highways, replacing New England routes 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. The other New England routes that were not re-designated as U.S. routes became ordinary", "id": "5492536" }, { "contents": "Interstate 291 (Massachusetts)\n\n\ndirectly through highly populated areas of Springfield, and passes under several overpasses. From its southwestern terminus to exit 5A, Interstate 291 is concurrent with U.S. Route 20. I-291 is only from Interstate 291 in Connecticut, and there are no intervening Interstate Highway interchanges between them. It can be easy for travelers to become confused between the two highways. Interstate 291 begins as a spur of Interstate 91 at Exit 8 in Springfield, concurrent with U.S. 20, which merges from the north. The two entry ramps from I-91 merge with each", "id": "1778230" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 15\n\n\nprovides access to the end of the Sprinter commuter train line. Shortly thereafter, I-15 Business intersects County Route S14, and then interchanges with State Route 78. The interchange is the last interchange on the 78 before its freeway status ends, and there are only ramps for a westbound entrance or eastbound exit. Continuing north, I-15 Business intersects with El Norte Parkway, a major arterial road, before reconnecting with Interstate 15 at I-15 exit 34 near the northern city limits of Escondido. Though the street itself continues northward well on into", "id": "15434009" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 9\n\n\nSaybrook to I-91 in Cromwell is known as the \"Chester Bowles Highway\". The section from I-91 in Cromwell to Exit 24 in Berlin is known as the \"Korean War Veterans Memorial Highway\". The section from Route 72 in New Britain to Route 175 in Newington is known as the \"Taras Shevchenko Expressway\". The section from Route 175 in Newington to the junction with I-84 is known as the \"Iwo Jima Memorial Expressway\". The road connecting Deep River (then known as Saybrook) and Wethersfield along the west", "id": "15881247" }, { "contents": "Colorado State Highway 74\n\n\nthe Evergreen Parkway segment to four lanes and constructing an interchange with I-70. SH 74 begins at an interchange with I-70 in El Rancho. Ramps from I-70 westbound branch off the freeway's exit 252 from the north side and cross the highway southwestward. Access to SH 74 from I-70 eastbound is provided via U.S. Highway 40 (US 40) a slight distance to the west. From I-70, the roadway heads southwesterly through El Rancho, meeting an intersection with US 40 (Swede Gulch Road). The route heads westward before turning", "id": "12873578" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 84\n\n\nsoutheast corner of that intersection, and the contemporary but still traditional Brigham City Utah Temple on the southwest corner. UT 13 ends at the southern terminus of the overlap of US 89/91, and BL-15/84 makes a sharp right turn along southbound US 91, while South Main Street is taken over by southbound US 89. US 91/BL-15/84 runs west along West 1100th Street South. BL-15/84 ends at Exit 362, a diverging diamond interchange with I-15/84, while West 1100th Street South continues into the I-15 frontage road, and becomes a dead", "id": "6061977" }, { "contents": "Interstate 384\n\n\naccess to I-384 is provided through a complex interchange that also provides access from Pleasant Valley Road near Buckland Hills Mall and from I-291. I-384's first exit is for Spencer Street. The eastbound ramp is on the I-384 mainline, while the westbound ramp comes from a split in the I-84 interchange ramp. Just east of the Spencer Street overpass, the ramp from westbound I-84 joins the I-384 mainline and the HOV lane becomes a conventional lane. I-384 continues along the southern part of Manchester. It has one interchange before it intersects Route", "id": "10503365" }, { "contents": "Interstate 78 in New Jersey\n\n\ninto Springfield Township. The freeway passes near First Watchung Mountain before coming to the Route 24 interchange, where suburban development becomes more dense. At Route 24, I-78 divides into local and express lanes, with three express and three local lanes eastbound and two express and three local lanes westbound. In this section of the highway, most access is via the local lanes, though the next exit for Route 124 includes a direct westbound onramp to the express lanes. Before Route 124, I-78 briefly runs east through Millburn in Essex County", "id": "16353906" }, { "contents": "California State Route 237\n\n\n85. Westbound traffic can connect to Route 85 southbound, but the eastbound traffic connection to Route 85 northbound is labeled as an exit for U.S. 101. Route 237 intersects with Highway 101 at the southern corner of Moffett Field. After this intersection, a carpool lane is added, for a total of three lanes in either direction. It remains like this until the east end of the freeway at Interstate 880, where most eastbound traffic is directed to northbound I-880. The route then becomes a city street (an arterial road)", "id": "9003349" }, { "contents": "Massachusetts Route 141\n\n\nas Easthampton Road, crossing roads south of Mount Tom. Crossing through the Rock Valley section of Holyoke, the highway passes south of the Whiting Reservoir and Wyckoff Country Club, entering the Smiths Valley section. Through Smiths Valley, Route 141 runs southeast through a residential neighborhood, reaching a ramp to Interstate 91 southbound (I-91 exit 17). After another turn, the route crosses into a trumpet interchange with I-91 northbound, becoming a one-way couplet through downtown Holyoke. Route 141 eastbound runs along Dwight Street while Route 141", "id": "2532205" }, { "contents": "Interstate 295 (Delaware–Pennsylvania)\n\n\nof Penndel. Following this interchange, the freeway runs south-southeast near suburban residential areas as it heads west of Levittown. I-295 enters Bristol Township and terminates at an interchange with I-95 at I-276 (Pennsylvania Turnpike). At this interchange, I-295 merges into southbound I-95, with access from westbound I-295 to southbound I-95 and from northbound I-95 to eastbound I-295; there are no ramps connecting I-295 and the Pennsylvania Turnpike. In the 1927 New Jersey state highway renumbering, Route 39 was legislated to begin at the Yardley–Wilburtha Bridge", "id": "9627779" }, { "contents": "James River Freeway\n\n\n. The portion of the James River Freeway between I-44 and the interchange with US 60 and Route 413 is designated as Route 360. Other than its endpoints, there is only one interchange on the route: Route MM in Brookline (now part of Republic). Exit markers for the highway mark the road as the James River Freeway and have no control cities, only \"To Route 60\" eastbound and \"To I-44\" westbound. The control cities between US 60 and US 65 are Republic westbound and Rogersville eastbound. At", "id": "6615288" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 6 in Rhode Island\n\n\nturns south on the I-295 collector/distributor roads to the west end of that freeway. The south interchange of US 6 and I-295 has numerous ramp stubs once intended for a western continuation of the Roberts Expressway as Interstate 84. The six-lane Roberts Expressway has interchanges with Route 5, U.S. Route 6A, Route 128, and US 6A again on its way to Olneyville. It crosses from Johnston into Providence just west of the bridge over Route 128. At the second US 6A interchange, the older Olneyville Bypass begins,", "id": "21794194" }, { "contents": "Flatbush Avenue Connector\n\n\nstate proposed the corridor as the Cedar Ridge Connector with no number, leading from its current terminus at I-84 to U.S. 5/Route 15 in Wethersfield. The short expressway planned to include an interchange with a planned but cancelled Route 71 expressway leading to New Britain. Circa 2015, the viaduct carrying the northbound ramp to Eastbound I-84 was removed, and a new alignment adjacent to the southbound off ramp from Westbound I-84 was built. Exit 45 is currently an incomplete interchange, with ramps only for I-84 westbound to SR 504 (left", "id": "5839909" }, { "contents": "Interstate 195 (New Jersey)\n\n\ndesignation west and south, along existing I-95 instead. I-195's western terminus is at a modified cloverleaf interchange with I-295 in Hamilton Township, Mercer County, located southeast of the city of Trenton. From this end, the freeway continues north into Trenton as Route 29. I-195 serves as the southern continuation of Route 29, continuing east from I-295 as a six-lane expressway, passing between suburban neighborhoods to the north and the Crosswicks Creek to the south. After the exit for US 206, the highway narrows to four lanes", "id": "14760197" }, { "contents": "Massachusetts Route 25\n\n\nRoute 25 west mainline onto Route 495 north, with the right-hand lane serving I-195 via Exit 1. From I-195, Route 25 east is accessible via Exit 22A; I-195 terminates at the interchange. Interstate 495 also terminates at its junction with Route 25; the two southbound lanes of I-495 default onto Route 25 east. After the interchange with I-195 and I-495, Route 25 begins to head in a southeastern direction into the town of Wareham as a six-lane freeway. The route passes under Tihonet Road and through Maple", "id": "18239659" }, { "contents": "California State Route 56\n\n\ncompleted in 1995 after several lawsuits filed by the Sierra Club and other community groups. The two ends were not connected until the middle portion of the freeway was completed in 2004. The delay was largely due to funding issues and environmental concerns. Eastbound SR 56 begins as a ramp from the northbound I-5's local bypass lanes. The interchange is not complete; southbound I-5 traffic must exit to Carmel Valley Road before entering SR 56. Westbound traffic on SR 56 merges into the southbound I-5 local bypass lanes, which provide access to", "id": "2729277" }, { "contents": "Utah State Route 161\n\n\nState Route 161 (SR-161) is a long state highway, designated as a rural major connector, completely within Millard County in central Utah. The highway connects Interstate 70 (I-70) to I-15 while providing service to historic Cove Fort. The route was once part of U.S. Route 91 (US-91), but was renumbered to SR-161 in the 1970s, in parallel with the construction of I-70. Located entirely in southeastern Millard County, SR-161 starts at a diamond interchange with the westernmost exit on I-70 before it terminates at I-15.", "id": "14472451" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 in Connecticut\n\n\nbrief concurrency with Route 72 to the New Britain city line. From the Route 72 junction through Farmington, West Hartford, and into Hartford, I-84 has many left-hand exits and entrances and sharp curves, which were built for a planned network of freeways. In Farmington, US 6 joins I-84 once again at exit 38, and both meet the northern end of the Route 9 expressway at a half-used multi-level stack interchange that was originally planned to be part of the mostly-cancelled I-291 Hartford Beltway.", "id": "14727150" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 40\n\n\nan interchange. Route 40 begins from northbound I-91 in North Haven as the Exit 10 off-ramp. The designation runs for along the exit ramp. The expressway then proceeds northwest and is joined by on-ramps from Bailey Road and southbound I-91. The I-91 interchange includes an overpass over the Quinnipiac River and railroad tracks. About past the I-91 interchange, the road crosses over another set of railroad tracks, then has an interchange with U.S. Route 5. Access to and from US 5 is via Dixwell Avenue (SR 717", "id": "15644232" }, { "contents": "Interstate 695 (District of Columbia)\n\n\nsome remaining \"To I-395\" signage can still be found along I-695 westbound. The new signs designate I-695 as extending from the point where I-395 branches off from the Southeast Freeway, with I-695 continuing along the Southeast Freeway and over the new 11th Street Bridge to the interchange with I-295. However, some commentators contend the new signage is confusing and that the Southeast Freeway is often confused with Baltimore's Beltway, a highway with the same route designation. The entire route is in Washington, D.C. Exits were unnumbered until July 2014.", "id": "13815020" }, { "contents": "California State Route 91\n\n\nState Route 91 (SR 91) is a major east–west state highway in the U.S. state of California that serves several regions of the Greater Los Angeles urban area. A freeway throughout its entire length, it officially runs from Vermont Avenue in Gardena, just west of the junction with the Harbor Freeway (Interstate 110, I-110), east to Riverside at the junction with the Pomona (SR 60 west of SR 91) and Moreno Valley (SR 60 and I-215 east of SR 91) freeways. Though signs along", "id": "4945631" }, { "contents": "Tennessee State Route 182\n\n\nState Route 182 (abbreviated SR 182) is a secondary state highway in western Dyer County, Tennessee. This route is primarily rural in nature throughout its length. The first of SR 182 from its southern terminus with SR 104 to Interstate 155 is a modern two-lane facility with a speed limit. I-155 ended at Exit 7 during the 1970s and this section of SR 182 also served as a temporary link to SR 104 for eastbound motorists until the freeway was completed to Exit 15. SR 182 north of I-155 to its", "id": "12693771" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 4 in New Hampshire\n\n\nI-93 southbound, and runs along the freeway until Exit 15E in Concord. At this interchange, US-4 leaves I-93 and joins Interstate 393 and U.S. Route 202 which run eastbound out of the city. The two U.S. routes overlap I-393 to its terminus in the northern corner of Pembroke. I-393 then ends, and US-4/US-202 merge onto Route 9 eastbound through Chichester and into Epsom. The road crosses Route 28 at the Epsom Traffic Circle, then continues east and intersects Route 107, forming a long four-route concurrency into Northwood", "id": "19470164" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 9\n\n\nriver, it passes through the towns of Essex, Deep River, Chester, Haddam, and Middletown). After its junction with Interstate 91 in Cromwell, Route 9 continues westward then northward, running through the Hartford area towns/cities of Berlin, New Britain, Newington, and Farmington. At the junction with I-84/US 6 near the Farmington - West Hartford town line, Route 9 follows the ramps for eastbound I-84 and ends at the merge with I-84 immediately after crossing the town line. Route 9 has a non", "id": "15881245" }, { "contents": "Maryland Route 32\n\n\nCSX line) and several industrial parks in Annapolis Junction. MD 32 continues northwest into Savage, where the highway has a cloverleaf interchange with US 1 (Washington Boulevard) that includes collector-distributor lanes in both directions. North of Savage, the freeway has a partial cloverleaf interchange with I-95 that has a pair of left-exiting ramps from westbound MD 32 to southbound I-95 and from eastbound MD 32 to northbound I-95; because of these left exits, I-95 is configured differently in that its southbound lanes pass under MD 32 and", "id": "8470347" }, { "contents": "Interstate 95 in Massachusetts\n\n\nto eight lanes. Then the highway passes through Newton, then enters Weston and has a large interchange with the Massachusetts Turnpike (I-90) that provides connections to nearby Route 30. There is a fourth lane after the interchange with Route 9. Exits 23, 24, and 25 are one combined exit northbound. I-95 and Route 128 are due west of Boston at this point and begin to turn to the northeast, serving the city of Waltham and the town of Lexington along the way. The freeway has an interchange with Route", "id": "18993893" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 372\n\n\nthe Mattabesset River, intersecting I-91 at Exit 21. It then widens to 4 lanes, and intersects the northern end of Route 217. Farther east, it crosses Route 3 before meeting Route 9 once again at Exit 19. It then turns southeast to at an intersection with Route 99 at the Cromwell town center. Route 72 was established in the 1932 state highway renumbering between Route 66 in Middletown and Route 10 Plainville. By the beginning of 1963, after the implementation of the 1962 Route Reclassification Act, Route 72 was extended", "id": "8495485" }, { "contents": "Interstate 664\n\n\nhas a connection to Portsmouth through Virginia State Route 164 (SR 164) and to Suffolk via U.S. Route 13, US 58, and US 460. I-664 begins at a full Y interchange with I-64 and I-264 that serves as the terminus of all three Interstates in the Bowers Hill section of the city of Chesapeake. I-64 heads southeast as a continuation of the Hampton Roads Beltway through Chesapeake while I-264 heads east toward Portsmouth and Norfolk. I-664 heads west as an eight-lane freeway that has a southbound-only exit ramp to", "id": "13145352" }, { "contents": "Virginia State Route 194\n\n\ncloverleaf interchange with I-64 (Hampton Roads Beltway) that only contains ramps in the northeast and southwest quadrants of the interchange. Northbound SR 194 has an exit ramp to and an entrance ramp from westbound I-64. Southbound SR 194 has an exit ramp to and an entrance ramp from eastbound I-64. The missing connections with I-64 are made via SR 247 to the south and SR 165 (Little Creek Road) to the north of the Interstate. North of SR 165, SR 194 becomes a four-lane divided highway north to its", "id": "19152409" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nalphabetic values to allow for future system expansion. The alphabetic naming suffixes are included as small letters on the bottom of reassurance shields. The Glenrio business spur of Interstate 40 begins at I-40 on exit 0 just east of the New Mexico-Texas state line. The highway runs south from the interchange towards Former route 66, then turns west along that decommissioned route where it terminates at the Texas-New Mexico State Line. The Adrian business loop of Interstate 40 begins at I-40 at exit 22 and runs along Former route 66 to", "id": "294158" }, { "contents": "Vermont Route 103\n\n\nand slightly better road across the Green Mountains to Rutland, it is a direct east–west road intersecting Interstate 91 significantly north of the diagonal 103. Numerous proposals to widen 103 into a two-lane freeway or similar limited-access roadway have failed, even though a substantial power company right of way shadows the road for much of its length. VT 103 begins at U.S. Route 5 in Rockingham just east of Interstate 91 and just north of Bellows Falls. From there, it interchanges with I-91 at exit 6 and proceeds", "id": "13506058" } ]

[ { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\nInterstate 691 (I-691) is a portion of the Interstate Highway System in Connecticut beginning at Interstate 91 in Meriden and ending at Interstate 84 near the Cheshire-Southington town line. It is in length, including of the exit ramp to the merge with westbound I-84. I-691 is also known as the Henry D. Altobello Highway for its entire length. I-691 is the main east–west highway of the city of Meriden. The freeway actually begins in Middlefield as Route 66, technically becoming I-691 at the junction with I-91 (Exit", "id": "767379" }, { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\n11). However, westbound signage indicates I-691 begins at the start of the freeway (just west of Exit 13), while eastbound signage shows I-691 ending at the Route 15 interchange (at eastbound Exit 10 about west of the interchange with I-91). To go from I-91 northbound to I-691 westbound (or from I-691 eastbound to I-91 southbound), one must actually use Route 15. Exit 9 westbound provides access to Route 15 North. West of the I-91/Route 15 interchange, I-691 meets US 5, which provides", "id": "767380" }, { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\n66. The highway was extended west to Exit 4 by 1971. The connection to I-84 was eventually completed in 1987, with the renumbering to I-691 done at the same time. The portion east of I-91 remained as Route 66. Environmental and community groups successfully blocked attempts to extend the freeway east of its present terminus due to potential impacts on the Mt. Higby Reservoir, which provides drinking water for the local area. A compromise was reached in the late 1990s allowing CONNDOT to convert Route 66 from a 2-lane road to 4 lanes", "id": "767383" }, { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\nat Exit 4. It then crosses the Quinnipiac River into Cheshire, where it has an interchange with Route 10, then continues west to end at I-84 at the Southington/Cheshire town line. The highway officially ends as it merges into I-84 West. In the 1940s, the I-691 routing was part of a planned US 6A Expressway from Southington to Willimantic. A section of the expressway (from its Middlefield terminus west to Exit 8) first opened in 1966. By 1968, the US 6A designation was dropped in favor of Route", "id": "767382" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 66\n\n\nRoute 66 is a Connecticut state highway running from Meriden to Windham, serving as an alternate east–west route to US 6 through east-central Connecticut. Route 66 officially begins at I-91 in Meriden as the extension of I-691, which officially ends at its interchange with I-91. This freeway portion runs for about into the town of Middlefield, where it becomes a four lane surface road. In Middlefield, it has junctions with the northern end of Route 147, and the southern end of Route 217. It then enters Middletown", "id": "16691092" }, { "contents": "Interstate 91\n\n\nUS 5 begins at the first of its many interchanges with the freeway. Leaving New Haven, I-91 follows a northeastward trek into North Haven, where it meets the southern end of the Route 40 expressway. It travels through the eastern part of Wallingford before entering the eastern part of the city of Meriden. In Meriden, about halfway between Hartford and New Haven, I-91 sees a complex set of interchanges with the Wilbur Cross Parkway (Route 15), the Route 66 expressway, and its first spur route, I-691. I-691", "id": "8976770" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 15\n\n\nmore northeasterly in North Haven. Major junctions include the Milford Parkway (SR 796), a connector providing access to Interstate 95 and US 1 beginning just east of the Sikorsky Bridge; US 5 in Wallingford; and a complex set of interchanges in Meriden providing access to I-91, I-691, and the Route 66 expressway. The parkway ends about a mile north of I-691 as US 5 joins Route 15 and the road becomes a four-lane divided highway with signalized and at-grade intersections known as the Berlin Turnpike. After", "id": "14881517" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 66\n\n\nthe expressway from US 5 in Meriden to Middlefield (where the current expressway ends) opened to traffic. By 1968, the US 6A designation was removed and split into several routes. The section from I-84 in Southington to US 6 in Columbia was renumbered as Route 66, including the newly opened freeway segment. In 1971, another section of the Route 66 freeway opened from between Route 322 and US 5. In 1987, with the completion of the freeway connection to I-84, the section of Route 66 west of I-91 was", "id": "16691099" }, { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\naccess to Route 15 North for eastbound traffic. Exit 7 provides access to Downtown Meriden. Westbound traffic exits onto State Street Extension, while eastbound traffic enters onto Columbia Street. Exits 6 and 5 provide access to Route 71, as well as access to Westfield Meriden. Exit 6 exits to Lewis Avenue, while Exit 5 exits directly to Route 71. From here, I-691 passes along the north side of Hubbard Park as well as by Castle Craig before it crosses into Southington. It then meets the eastern end of Route 322", "id": "767381" }, { "contents": "Interstate 291 (Connecticut)\n\n\nInterstate 291 (I-291) is a short Interstate Highway in the state of Connecticut that starts at I-91 at its junction with Route 218 in Windsor and ends at I-84 in Manchester. It serves as a northeastern bypass of Hartford. The official length of I-291 is , including of the exit ramp to the merge with eastbound I-84. I-291 is also known as the Vietnam Veterans Memorial Highway for its entire length. I-291 begins at I-91 in Windsor at an interchange that also provides access to and from Route 218. Heading southeast, I-291", "id": "4834367" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 in Connecticut\n\n\ncity of Waterbury, where it intersects the Route 8 expressway and crosses the Naugatuck River on an elevated dual-decked viaduct known locally as The Mixmaster. After passing through Cheshire, I-84 intersects the western end of I-691 at the Cheshire–Southington town line, which is also the New Haven–Hartford county line. I-84 turns more northerly for a stretch to exit 31 (Route 229), which provides access to Lake Compounce Amusement Park and ESPN World Headquarters. The freeway heads more northeasterly to Plainville, where it has a", "id": "14727149" }, { "contents": "Interstate 384\n\n\nInterstate 384 (I-384) is an Interstate Highway located entirely within the state of Connecticut. It runs east to west, going from Interstate 84 in East Hartford to U.S. Route 6/U.S. Route 44 in Bolton. I-384 officially begins at I-84 eastbound Exit 59 at the East Hartford/Manchester town line, as the right 2 lanes of traffic split from the I-84 mainline. The highway can also be accessed from the I-84 eastbound HOV lane, and westbound I-384 traffic can also access the HOV lane on westbound I-84. Westbound I-84", "id": "10503364" }, { "contents": "Special routes of U.S. Route 6\n\n\n6A from Plymouth–Farmington, this became US 6A. This US 6A was subsequently extended through Meriden to Willimantic along modern Route 66. An expressway upgrade was planned for this US 6A. Only a portion of the highway was built and is now I-691. U.S. Route 6A (US 6A) between Coventry and Windham was designated when New England Interstate Route 3 (NE-3) was deleted. The route was swapped with the old US 6 in 1939 and finally deleted in 1942 when US 6A became Route 31. U.S. Route 6A (US", "id": "10795785" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 (Pennsylvania–Massachusetts)\n\n\nNew Milford. Route 6 leaves the interstate at the next exit, and I-84 continues east across the countryside. At Exit 11, it turns to the northeast and descends to cross the Housatonic River on the Rochambeau Bridge, into New Haven County. It then climbs onto higher ground to the city of Waterbury, which it passes on an elevated viaduct with the eastbound and westbound lanes on different levels. Here the CT 8 expressway intersects. The eastern heading continues past Waterbury to Milldale, where Interstate 691 splits off to the east", "id": "12185438" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 120\n\n\nRoute 120 is a state highway in Connecticut, running entirely in the town of Southington. It serves as a more direct connection between the town center of Southington and the city of Meriden. Route 120 begins at an intersection with Route 322 in southeastern Southington, just west of the Meriden city line and about from an interchange with I-691. It heads in a northwest direction, crossing Misery Brook about later, passing by the St. Thomas Cemetery, then intersecting with Route 364 after another . Route 120 ends at an intersection with Route", "id": "21983096" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 322\n\n\nmeets Route 10 at a grade separated intersection. It briefly crosses into Cheshire before crossing the Quinnipiac River and reentering southeastern Southington. It meets the southern end of Route 120 before ending at an interchange with I-691 near the Southington-Meriden town line. The road continues into Meriden as West Main Street. Route 322 was established in 1963, running from Route 69 to then US 6A (Meriden Road) in Wolcott. The year before becoming a signed route, Route 322 was taken over by the state and designated as unsigned SR", "id": "8420887" }, { "contents": "Interstate 91\n\n\n. As such, it is almost always heavily trafficked (especially during rush hour), and maintains at least three lanes in each direction through Connecticut except for a short portion in Hartford at the interchange with I-84 and in Meriden at the interchange with Route 15. The three cities also serve as Connecticut's control points along its length of the Interstate. I-91 begins just east of downtown New Haven at an interchange with I-95 (the Connecticut Turnpike), and Route 34. At the bottom of the ramp for exit 5,", "id": "8976769" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 66\n\n\nIt ran from the Milldale section of Southington, via Meriden and Middletown, to Willimantic. In the 1932 state highway renumbering, old Highway 111 was designated as part of Route 14, which extended from Woodbury to the Rhode Island state line. In 1941, the section of Route 14 from Woodbury to Willimantic was redesignated as US 6A, connecting at US 6 on both ends. In the early 1960s, plans for constructing a US 6A expressway between I-84 in Southington and Willimantic were announced. By 1966, a short portion of", "id": "16691098" }, { "contents": "Interstate 66\n\n\nfrom eastbound I-66 to the West Falls Church Metro station at the Leesburg Pike (Virginia State Route 7) interchange and will provide a new bridge for the W&OD Trail over Lee Highway (Virginia State Route 29). In Washington D.C., I-66 was planned to extend east of its current terminus along the North Leg of the Inner Loop freeway. I-66 would have also met the eastern terminus of a planned Interstate 266 at US 29, and the western terminus of the South Leg Freeway (I-695) at US 50; I-266 would", "id": "9038810" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 10\n\n\n. It then turns north onto Dixwell Avenue, and intersects the Wilbur Cross Parkway (Route 15) at Exit 60. In the center of Hamden, it turns onto Whitney Avenue. Proceeding northward, it encounters the northern end of the Route 40 freeway and the western end of Route 22 . In Cheshire, it meets the eastern end of Route 42, and has a brief triplex with Routes 68 and 70. At the north end of town is a junction with I-691 at Exit 3. It then enters Southington, where", "id": "16098035" }, { "contents": "Interstate 80 in Iowa\n\n\nthe east at the Jordan Creek Parkway exit. The highway adds a third lane eastbound and drops the third lane westbound. Almost to the east is the interchange with I-35, which also marks the beginning of I-235. Eastbound I-80 exits the freeway via a flyover ramp to northbound I-35; eastbound I-235 begins as the continuation of the I-80 freeway. Locally, this exit is called the West Mixmaster. I-80 shares the next with I-35 on a six-lane freeway where each direction's three lanes are separated by a Jersey barrier.", "id": "3837266" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 68\n\n\nto its junction with I-91 at Exit 15. After overpassing I-91 and passing a couple of business parks, Route 68 becomes a 2 lane road once again. It then enters Durham, where it passes the southern end of Route 157 before ending at Route 17 in the center of town. The road connecting Naugatuck and Cheshire was designated in 1922 as State Highway 325. In the 1932 state highway renumbering, former Highway 325 was renumbered to Route 68. The route was later extended east to Middlefield in 1966 along former SR 607", "id": "3645090" }, { "contents": "Interstate 480 (Nebraska–Iowa)\n\n\nLeavenworth neighborhood from the Old Market neighborhood. Shortly after the Leavenworth Street exit is the Harney Street exit, which provides access to U.S. Route 6 from eastbound I-480. before the North Freeway interchange, I-480 passes beneath Dodge and Douglas Streets, which are the westbound and eastbound lanes of U.S. 6, respectively. Just to the southwest of the Creighton University campus is the North Freeway interchange, where US 75 leaves eastbound I-480 and joins westbound. The North Freeway was originally planned to be an Interstate Highway, \"I-580\", connecting", "id": "10317788" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nExit 110 leading to the I-40 frontage road along the eastbound lanes, which suddenly becomes a divided highway named \"Route 66.\" The first intersection is a connecting road to the parts of the interchange with the eastbound on-ramp, as well as the frontage roads along the westbound lanes, leading to the western terminus of the business loop. Shortly after this is the barely paved Carson County Road BB. The divided highway ends just west of TX FM 295 and Carson County Road CC (Western Avenue), and gains", "id": "294168" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 in New York\n\n\n6 and 202 closely parallel I-84 to the north, between the freeway and one of the upper basins of East Branch Reservoir, part of New York City's water supply system. The northern terminus of NY 121 lets eastbound traffic on and westbound traffic off. Two miles (3.2 km) to the east, Signs appear for Saw Mill Road, exit 1 on Connecticut's stretch of I-84, and its ramps leave the highway just a hundred feet (30 m) before the state line. The route of I-84 through the", "id": "995373" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 34\n\n\nLegion Avenue, later becoming South Frontage Road (former Oak Street), while westbound Route 34 uses North Frontage Road. The eastbound section running along Legion Avenue and South Frontage Road (1.03 miles) is town-maintained. The corresponding westbound section along North Frontage Road is officially designated as State Road 706 but is signed as Route 34 West. Route 34 then continues along the Oak Street Connector, a six-lane freeway that connects to I-91 and I-95. The freeway portion has two westbound exits and three eastbound entrances,", "id": "5492586" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nfor BL-40, because south of this intersection is an approach to a westbound on-eastbound off wye interchange with I-40. Immediately after this intersection, BL-40 ends at an eastbound on-westbound off wye interchange with I-40. The Clinton business loop of Interstate 40 is the fourth business route of I-40 in Oklahoma, running from exit 65 to exit 69, although only part of the route runs along former US 66. The route begins at exit 65, which is an eastbound flyover with no re-entry, and a westbound", "id": "294183" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nand maintenance facility, and then leaves the frontage road at the on ramp to eastbound I-40, where it meets its terminus. The frontage roads along both sides of I-40 continue through three more interchanges before crossing the Texas-Oklahoma State Line. The Erick business loop of Interstate 40 is the first business route of I-40 in Oklahoma. It begins on exit 5 (Honeyfarm Drive) and runs south into North 1720th Road until that street ends at a four-lane divided highway known as East 1240th Road (former Route 66)", "id": "294176" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 542\n\n\nRoute 542 (also known as Ferguson Road) is a state road in northern Connecticut. It is contained inside the town of Vernon. It runs from Route 533 to Route 541. Route 542 begins at Route 543 (Tunnel Road) in the central portion of the town of Vernon. It then heads east for about before intersecting with exit 66 on Interstate 84 (I-84}. Only travelers on westbound I-84 can exit onto Route 542, and that travelers on Route 542 can only get onto westbound I-84. About from the", "id": "1160744" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 71\n\n\nas it intersects West Main Street. While southbound traffic may continue from West Main Street onto Cook Avenue, northbound traffic must turn right onto Hanover Street, then left onto South Grove Street, and left onto West Main Street to continue. Once reunited, Route 71 proceeds west on West Main Street before turning north onto Chamberlain Highway. It then crosses I-691 at Exit 5, with access to and from the west. It then crosses into Berlin, passing the eastern end of Route 364 before turning northeast as the Chamberlain Highway becomes", "id": "18857060" }, { "contents": "Interstate 91\n\n\nparallels the river, never more than from its shore. I-91 then enters the Hartford city limits. In Hartford, I-91 it has a set of interchanges with US 5/Route 15 (Wilbur Cross Highway), which provides access from I-91 north to I-84 east, and from I-84 west to I-91 south via the Charter Oak Bridge. I-91 then has an interchange with I-84, where all other movements to and from I-84 take place. Before leaving the city limits, an HOV lane begins that has its own set of interchanges", "id": "8976772" }, { "contents": "Interstate 210 (Louisiana)\n\n\nShip Channel. At the southeastern end of the bridge, the highway meets with exit 3, Prien Lake Road, eastbound. I-210 heads east through Lake Charles, turning 90 degrees at exit 8, LA 14/Gerstner Memorial Drive. The highway then heads north towards its eastern terminus with I-10 just east of Lake Charles. Though portions of the freeway run north-south, the entire route is signed east-west. All of I-210 is included as part of the National Highway System, a system of roadways important to", "id": "2671252" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 95 in California\n\n\nChemehuevi Mountains before entering the city of Needles after several miles. After passing the Needles Municipal Airport, US 95 merges onto I-40 westbound and continues through Needles on the freeway. US 95 exits from I-40 west of Needles and continues northwest to Searchlight Junction, where US 95 continues north at the junction with the old routing of US 66. The highway continues north, east of Homer Mountain, to the Nevada state line. US 95 is part of the California Freeway and Expressway System, and a small portion near I-10 and the", "id": "21402148" }, { "contents": "Interstate 66\n\n\nInterstate 66 (I-66) is an Interstate Highway in the eastern United States. As indicated by its even route number, it runs in an east–west direction. Its current western terminus is near Middletown, Virginia, at an interchange with I-81; its eastern terminus is in Washington, D.C., at an interchange with U.S. Route 29. Because of its terminus in the Shenandoah Valley, the highway was once called the \"Shenandoah Freeway.\" Much of the route parallels U.S. Route 29 or Virginia State Route 55. Interstate", "id": "9038774" }, { "contents": "Interstate 95 in Connecticut\n\n\nof around 150,000 throughout the entire length between the New York state line and the junction with I-91 in New Haven. The Turnpike intersects with several major expressways, namely US 7 at Exit 15 in Norwalk, Route 8 and Route 25 at Exit 27A in Bridgeport (quickest way to I-84 from southwest CT), the Merritt and Wilbur Cross Parkways at Exit 38 (via the Milford Parkway) in Milford, and Interstate 91 at Exit 48 in New Haven. North (east) of I-91, the Turnpike continues along the Connecticut", "id": "5620386" }, { "contents": "Missouri Route 96\n\n\nRoute 96 was redesignated as Route YY west of Route 171 when Kansas deleted the eastern part of K-96. Route 96 begins at a partial interchange with Interstate 44 (I-44) just west of Halltown (there is no access to westbound I-44 or from eastbound I-44). The highway is a two-lane road and is relatively straight all the way to Carthage. Approximately west of I-44 is the western terminus of Route 266. Approximately further west, Route 96 is joined by Historic Route 66. At Albatross, is an intersection", "id": "11824778" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nI-40, and the former segment of US 66 along the north side continues as one of the two I-40 frontage roads. The Amarillo business loop of Interstate 40 begins at I-40 exit 62A just west of Amarillo. The highway was formerly a business route for Route 66, being that highway's only bannered route in Texas. Bus. I-40 D is known locally as Amarillo Boulevard and is the longest buisness route of Interstate 40. Bus. I-40 D begins at Interstate 40 exit 62A just west of Amarillo near Cadillac Ranch. The", "id": "294164" }, { "contents": "Interstate 540 and North Carolina Highway 540\n\n\nto the Western Wake Freeway and future Southern and Eastern Wake Freeways. As of January 2013, the North Carolina state route traverses east–west from I-40, in Durham County to NC 55, in Holly Springs. Initially intended to be signed as an extension of the I-540 loop, the first section of the route bears mile markers and exit numbers for the complete Interstate loop, going from 66 to 69. In Mid-2012, this section of the beltway became part of the Triangle Expressway. No portion of I-540 is tolled.", "id": "6204061" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 229\n\n\nRoute 229 is a state highway in the western Greater Hartford area of the U.S. state of Connecticut. It runs north–south from Interstate 84 in Southington to U.S. Route 6 in Bristol. Along the way, it intersects Route 72 in the Forestville section of Bristol. Route 229 nominally begins at the end of the eastbound Exit 31 off-ramp of I-84 in western Southington, heading northward along West Street. State maintenance and the official southern end of Route 229 actually begins about south of the off-ramp. West Street", "id": "7429975" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nwhich focuses on the roads former status as Route 66. The commercial strip ends after a dirt road named North Tennessee Street. \"Route 66\" splits from East 12th Street at an intersection that's another connecting road to the eastbound off-ramp of Exit 164, the then runs over the overpass above I-40 to turn right at the frontage road along the westbound lanes leading to the western beginning of the business loop. Eastbound Business Interstate Route 40-J narrows down to a two-lane undivided highway before passing by a TxDOT construction", "id": "294175" }, { "contents": "Highway revolts in the United States\n\n\nInterstate 291 beltway west of Interstate 91, the proposed Interstate 484 expressway through the downtown, and the proposed Interstate 284 expressway between East Hartford and South Windsor, and Interstate 491 from Wethersfield to Manchester. After these freeways were cancelled, the State of Connecticut used the funds allocated for their construction to rebuild and expand existing freeways in the Greater Hartford area. In 1992 the Route 9 Expressway was extended north from I-91 in New Britain to Interstate 84 in Farmington, completing what would have been the southwest quadrant of the I-291 beltway;", "id": "256037" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 in Connecticut\n\n\nthe northern end of the Route 15 expressway, it inherits the Wilbur Cross Highway name for the rest of its length. From 1968 until 1984, the I-84 designation ended here, and the highway became I-86 for the rest of its length, as I-84 was once planned to be built east toward Providence, Rhode Island. I-84 intersects one of the remnants of the abandoned project, I-384, as part of a series of complex interchanges in Manchester including the end of the US 6 concurrency at exit 60, and a connection to", "id": "14727152" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nfrontage roads along the westbound lanes leading to the western beginning of the business loop, and an unorthodox roadside attraction known as the Leaning Tower of Texas. Business Interstate Route 40-F ends at the on ramp to eastbound I-40, as does the divided former US 66, which is converted back into the frontage road along the eastbound lanes of I-40. The McLean business loop of Interstate 40 runs from exit 141 to 143. Officially designated as Business Interstate 40-H by the Texas Department of Transportation, it begins at I-40 at an eastbound flyover", "id": "294170" }, { "contents": "Maryland Route 53\n\n\nstate highway then meets its northern terminus at an intersection with US 40 Alternate in La Vale. Access to westbound I-68 is provided a short distance to the east on US 40 Alternate. MD 53 is part of US 220 Truck, which provides access from Interstate 68 (I-68) west of La Vale to southbound US 220 for trucks due to a truck prohibition on the eastbound exit ramp for I-68's interchange with US 220. The state highway is part of the main National Highway System from US 220 to I-68; in addition", "id": "11898711" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 84\n\n\nend street at the truck stop along the aforementioned frontage road. Interstate 84 Business was a business loop of I-84 along in Morgan, Utah. It ran north along Utah State Route 66 at Exit 103 (State Street) to East 600th Street running along the north side of I-84 until the former westbound-off-ramp and eastbound on-ramp that was once westbound Exit 103 until the mid-1990s. Interstate 84 Business was a business loop of I-84 along in Henefer, Utah. It ran southeast along the southwest side of I-84", "id": "6061978" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 5 in Connecticut\n\n\nStreet becomes Broad Street after the intersection with Hall Avenue as it passes by the eastern part of the city, avoiding the downtown area. Past Olive Street, the road becomes divided with a wide grassy median. At the north end of the divided section, it has an intersection with East Main Street, the main east–west business route through the city. About north of East Main Street, US 5 has an interchange with I-691 (at exit 8). At the intersection with Brittania Street, the road becomes North Broad", "id": "5428414" }, { "contents": "Interstate 91\n\n\nthe river can also be easily accessed in this stretch. At exit 19 is the northern terminus of I-93, a major interstate highway in New England, which provides a direct route south through the White Mountains and to almost all major cities in New Hampshire. Just after exit 19, there are three exits for St. Johnsbury, including a major intersection with US 2. Along westbound US 2, the capital of Vermont, Montpelier, is eventually reached from I-91, although I-89 provides Montpelier with immediate Interstate access. I-91 continues northward", "id": "8976783" }, { "contents": "Massachusetts Turnpike\n\n\nand the seventh-longest gap between exits in the entire Interstate Highway System. The highest elevation on the turnpike exists in The Berkshires, reaching above sea level in Becket; this point is also the highest elevation on I-90 east of South Dakota. Beyond the peak elevation and between the exits, an eastbound runaway truck ramp exists in Russell. The turnpike has an interchange with I-91 and US 5 at exit 4 in West Springfield; it passes over the Connecticut River before reaching Route 33 at exit 5 and I-291 at exit 6", "id": "8595595" }, { "contents": "County Route 66 (California)\n\n\ncrossing paths with the freeway again at Fenner, before heading east on Goffs Road to the junction with US 95. Next, CR 66 cosigns along US 95 south to the junction with I-40, where both the US and county routes cosign with I-40 heading east towards Needles. CR 66 exits the freeway at River Road Cutoff, where it immediately turns onto National Trails Highway after exiting. The route follows National Trails Highway to its end on River Road, then begins its southeast journey into downtown Needles. After an interchange with I-40", "id": "21979064" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 (Pennsylvania–Massachusetts)\n\n\n. This section has many left-hand exits and entrances and sharp curves, which were built for a planned network of freeways. I-84 heads northeast towards New Britain and Hartford, the state capital and the largest community along its eastern length. After intersecting Interstate 91, the road crosses the Connecticut River on the Bulkeley Bridge, oldest on the Interstate system, then becomes the Wilbur Cross Highway and continues towards the northeast. The last exit in Connecticut is Exit 74, an exit for Route 171. I-84 crosses the Massachusetts border", "id": "12185439" }, { "contents": "Rhode Island Route 4\n\n\n. After exit 7, Route 4 continues northward as a six-lane expressway, passing farmlands to the west and entering a suburban region of East Greenwich. The highway crosses under an overpass at Middle Road before interchanging with Route 401, the freeway's final spur, at another partial cloverleaf interchange. Exit 8 is also used to access Route 2 and I-95 south, which has no direct freeway connection with Route 4 north. Shortly after exit 8, the Route 4 designation ends and the mainline of the highway defaults onto I-95", "id": "14737226" }, { "contents": "Cromwell, Connecticut\n\n\nis land and (4.03%) is water. A major north/south highway, Interstate 91, with two Cromwell exits, runs through the Town. The Central Connecticut Expressway (Route 9), opened at the end of 1989, enhances the Town's location as it connects I-95 in Old Saybrook, I-91 in Cromwell and I-84, the State's major east/west highway in New Britain. As of the census of 2010, there were 14,005 people, 5,212 households, and 3,262 families residing in the town.", "id": "17977773" }, { "contents": "Interstate 190 (South Dakota)\n\n\n16 westbound goes east on Omaha Street and eastbound runs north concurrently with I-190. I-190 then becomes a freeway, with an exit to North Street. I-190 then passes under Anamosa Street before an on-ramp from the northbound lanes of West Boulevard. Both US 16 and I-190 then terminate at a trumpet interchange with I-90/US 14/SD 79. Legally, the route of I-190 is defined at South Dakota Codified Laws § 31-4-203. I-190 was opened in 1962 to connect Rapid City to the recently completed", "id": "2672231" }, { "contents": "Interstate 210 and State Route 210 (California)\n\n\nfor the interchange between State Route 57 and the Foothill Freeway, Interstate 210. The \"curve\" portion refers to the interchange from the northbound lanes of State Route 57 to the westbound lanes of I-210, and from the eastbound lanes of I-210 to the southbound lanes of State Route 57. The origin of the name comes from its location in the city of Glendora. Prior to 2002, this interchange was entirely part of I-210, and the eastern terminus of I-210 ended several miles south of the curve at the Kellogg Interchange at", "id": "2671217" }, { "contents": "Interstate 78 in New Jersey\n\n\nEntering more commercial areas, Route 173 merges onto I-78/US 22 at exit 13. At exit 15, the highway interchanges with CR 513, and Route 173 splits from I-78/US 22 by heading north on CR 513. At this point, the freeway enters Franklin Township briefly at exit 15 and then enters Clinton where it crosses the South Branch Raritan River. I-78/US 22 turns northeast and leaves Clinton for Clinton Township, where it has an eastbound exit and westbound entrance for Route 173 that also provides access to", "id": "16353900" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 15\n\n\nlimits, the business route veers onto Center Street and follows that through the center of town. At the north end of the city, I-15 Bus. turns west and runs concurrently with US 30 to its northern end at I-15 Exit 47. Interstate 15 Business runs for exactly through Inkom in northern Bannock County. I-15 Bus. mostly follows Old Highway 91 between Exits 57 and 58, a pair of partial interchanges. Interstate 15 Business spans through Pocatello in northern Bannock County. I-15 Bus. begins at I-15 Exit 67, where", "id": "15434019" }, { "contents": "Interstate 10 in California\n\n\nI-10 down Interstate 5 between the East LA Interchange and the Santa Monica Freeway, negating a section of the San Bernardino Freeway west of I-5. This short section of Route 10 between Route 5 and Route 101, which was formerly defined as Route 110 (signed as Interstate 110) until 1968, is signed overhead for I-10 eastbound and for U.S. 101 westbound. This I-5/I-10 cosigning is consistent with the Federal Highway Administration's Interstate Highway route logs that such an overlap exists for the segment of I-10 in California. I-10 is", "id": "10298840" }, { "contents": "Nevada State Route 425\n\n\ncenter of Verdi, then southeast to its terminus at the I-80 East Verdi interchange (Exit 5). Although designated a state route and an Interstate business route, there are no route shields posted along the highway itself. The I-80 business route extends beyond the end of SR 425. From the highway's western terminus, I-80 Business follows Gold Ranch Road an additional south to end at an I-80 westbound onramp. The highway originally carried State Route 1 and later U.S. Route 40 on its trek west from Reno over Donner Pass towards", "id": "5840323" }, { "contents": "Interstate 516\n\n\ncurrent western terminus of I-516. In 1985, the entire highway from its then-current western terminus at Burnsed Blvd to Montgomery Street was designated as I-516. The freeway portion was extended westward to the interchange with SR 25 (Burnsed Blvd) and eastward to the current eastern terminus. Also US 17/SR 25 and US 80/SR 26 were re-routed along the freeway, from the West Bay Street exit to the Ogeechee Road exit. In 1995, US 17 had a major re-routing through the city", "id": "10860994" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 15\n\n\nState Route 28. Interstate 15 Business is a Business loop of Interstate 15 in Bringham City, and is also concurrent with Business Loop 84. It runs from an interchange at Exit 362 on I-15/84 at first along U.S. Route 91 to the intersection with U.S. Route 89 and UT 13. US 91 continues east along US 89, while BL 15/84 turns left to go north along UT 13 (South Main Street). Further in town, the road serves as the west end of Utah State Route 90. At Forest Street,", "id": "15434015" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 95 in Nevada\n\n\nthe Henderson Spaghetti Bowl (also known as the Hender-Bender) interchange of Interstate 215 and SR 564 and Interstate 515 begins. The freeway then heads west into Downtown Las Vegas, where it intersects Interstate 15. At the Spaghetti Bowl interchange, US 93 follows I-15 northbound and I-515 ends. US 95 heads west, then north at the Rainbow Curve. The freeway portion then ends at Corn Creek Road northwest of the Las Vegas Valley and then it becomes a brief four-lane divided highway. US 95 exits Clark County", "id": "7359006" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 15\n\n\nwhen it turns east onto Alameda Road, which becomes Pocatello Creek Road when it veers northeast to the business route's terminus at I-15 Exit 71. Interstate 15 Business has a length of through Blackfoot in central Bingham County. I-15 Bus. begins at I-15 Exit 89 near the northern end of the Fort Hall Indian Reservation and follows US 91 northeast parallel to the Union Pacific Railroad. The highways cross the Blackfoot River into the city of Blackfoot along Broadway Street. In downtown Blackfoot, the routes veer onto Main Street, then I-15", "id": "15434021" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 50 in Maryland\n\n\neastbound exit. Following this interchange, US 50 passes office parks and industrial development in New Carrollton. The highway reaches a hybrid turbine interchange with I-95/I-495, the Capital Beltway. At the I-95/I-495 interchange, the US 50 freeway becomes part of the Interstate Highway System as I-595, which is an unsigned highway. The road heads east as an ten-lane freeway, with the left lane in each direction designated as a high-occupancy vehicle lane (HOV lane). The freeway passes near residential development and", "id": "21110676" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nloop of Interstate 40 is the third business route of I-40 in Oklahoma. It runs northeast along former US 66 from eastbound exit 32 and turns east after the beginning of an overlap with OK 6 that runs along the route until OK 6 turns south at North Main Street. From there it snakes through the northeastern part of the city and after the intersection with OK 34 finally terminates with I-40 at westbound exit 41. The route begins at a left exit in a wye interchange with Interstate 40, which also serves as a connection", "id": "294180" }, { "contents": "Iowa Highway 330\n\n\nused as a connector between Des Moines and the Waterloo–Cedar Falls area. Iowa 330 begins at an interchange with Interstate 80 (I-80), U.S. Route 6 (US 6), and US 65 in Altoona. The I-80 freeway runs east–west; US 6 comes up from the southwest along Hubbell Avenue and joins eastbound I-80 while US 65 exits eastbound I-80 and turns onto Hubbell heading northeast. For the first of its routing, Iowa 330 shares the same roadway with US 65. The two routes head northeast on", "id": "10381823" }, { "contents": "Interstate 180 (Pennsylvania)\n\n\nat an interchange with U.S. Route 15 and U.S. Route 220. The highway begins its signage, concurrent along these routes. At exit 27A, US 15 leaves the overlap running south across the Carl E. Stotz Memorial Little League Bridge and I-180 continues eastward, still concurrent with US 220 northbound. From there, I-180 runs along the West Branch Susquehanna River until the highway reaches the eastern suburbs of Williamsport, where US 220 leaves the Interstate via exit 15. From US 220 to the eastern terminus, I-180 is aligned north–south", "id": "4494305" }, { "contents": "Interstate 76 (Ohio–New Jersey)\n\n\nJersey. After I-76 reaches its eastern terminus, the freeway continues as Route 42 and the Atlantic City Expressway to Atlantic City. I-76 begins at I-71 at exit 209, east of Lodi, Ohio; U.S. Route 224 (US 224) continues west from the end of I-76. The interchange was previously a double trumpet, but was reconstructed in 2010. Officially, I-76 begins at the beginning of the ramp from I-71 north; it merges with US 224 at mile 0.61. After passing through rural Medina County, I-76 enters Summit", "id": "12185505" }, { "contents": "Interstate 215 (Utah)\n\n\ninterchange features a grade-separated ramp from northbound 2000 East to eastbound I-215. Past this junction, another interchange at Union Park Avenue appears. Another grade-separated ramp from Union Park Avenue is present. The freeway enters Murray as an interchange serving westbound motorists connects to 280 East and State Street (U.S. Route 89, or US-89). Eastbound travelers connect to State Street further west at a separate exit. The road turns northwest for a short time to approach a junction at I-15 (often called the South Interchange).", "id": "9551591" }, { "contents": "List of state routes in Connecticut\n\n\n. Routes are signed state highways and are assigned numbers from 1 to 399 (with the exception of I-684 and I-691). All state, U.S. and Interstate highways are part of the same numbering system. In 1926, the U.S. highway system was implemented. U.S. Routes 1, 5, 6, and 7 were used as designations on several primary state highways, replacing New England routes 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. The other New England routes that were not re-designated as U.S. routes became ordinary", "id": "5492536" }, { "contents": "Interstate 291 (Massachusetts)\n\n\ndirectly through highly populated areas of Springfield, and passes under several overpasses. From its southwestern terminus to exit 5A, Interstate 291 is concurrent with U.S. Route 20. I-291 is only from Interstate 291 in Connecticut, and there are no intervening Interstate Highway interchanges between them. It can be easy for travelers to become confused between the two highways. Interstate 291 begins as a spur of Interstate 91 at Exit 8 in Springfield, concurrent with U.S. 20, which merges from the north. The two entry ramps from I-91 merge with each", "id": "1778230" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 15\n\n\nprovides access to the end of the Sprinter commuter train line. Shortly thereafter, I-15 Business intersects County Route S14, and then interchanges with State Route 78. The interchange is the last interchange on the 78 before its freeway status ends, and there are only ramps for a westbound entrance or eastbound exit. Continuing north, I-15 Business intersects with El Norte Parkway, a major arterial road, before reconnecting with Interstate 15 at I-15 exit 34 near the northern city limits of Escondido. Though the street itself continues northward well on into", "id": "15434009" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 9\n\n\nSaybrook to I-91 in Cromwell is known as the \"Chester Bowles Highway\". The section from I-91 in Cromwell to Exit 24 in Berlin is known as the \"Korean War Veterans Memorial Highway\". The section from Route 72 in New Britain to Route 175 in Newington is known as the \"Taras Shevchenko Expressway\". The section from Route 175 in Newington to the junction with I-84 is known as the \"Iwo Jima Memorial Expressway\". The road connecting Deep River (then known as Saybrook) and Wethersfield along the west", "id": "15881247" }, { "contents": "Colorado State Highway 74\n\n\nthe Evergreen Parkway segment to four lanes and constructing an interchange with I-70. SH 74 begins at an interchange with I-70 in El Rancho. Ramps from I-70 westbound branch off the freeway's exit 252 from the north side and cross the highway southwestward. Access to SH 74 from I-70 eastbound is provided via U.S. Highway 40 (US 40) a slight distance to the west. From I-70, the roadway heads southwesterly through El Rancho, meeting an intersection with US 40 (Swede Gulch Road). The route heads westward before turning", "id": "12873578" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 84\n\n\nsoutheast corner of that intersection, and the contemporary but still traditional Brigham City Utah Temple on the southwest corner. UT 13 ends at the southern terminus of the overlap of US 89/91, and BL-15/84 makes a sharp right turn along southbound US 91, while South Main Street is taken over by southbound US 89. US 91/BL-15/84 runs west along West 1100th Street South. BL-15/84 ends at Exit 362, a diverging diamond interchange with I-15/84, while West 1100th Street South continues into the I-15 frontage road, and becomes a dead", "id": "6061977" }, { "contents": "Interstate 384\n\n\naccess to I-384 is provided through a complex interchange that also provides access from Pleasant Valley Road near Buckland Hills Mall and from I-291. I-384's first exit is for Spencer Street. The eastbound ramp is on the I-384 mainline, while the westbound ramp comes from a split in the I-84 interchange ramp. Just east of the Spencer Street overpass, the ramp from westbound I-84 joins the I-384 mainline and the HOV lane becomes a conventional lane. I-384 continues along the southern part of Manchester. It has one interchange before it intersects Route", "id": "10503365" }, { "contents": "Interstate 78 in New Jersey\n\n\ninto Springfield Township. The freeway passes near First Watchung Mountain before coming to the Route 24 interchange, where suburban development becomes more dense. At Route 24, I-78 divides into local and express lanes, with three express and three local lanes eastbound and two express and three local lanes westbound. In this section of the highway, most access is via the local lanes, though the next exit for Route 124 includes a direct westbound onramp to the express lanes. Before Route 124, I-78 briefly runs east through Millburn in Essex County", "id": "16353906" }, { "contents": "California State Route 237\n\n\n85. Westbound traffic can connect to Route 85 southbound, but the eastbound traffic connection to Route 85 northbound is labeled as an exit for U.S. 101. Route 237 intersects with Highway 101 at the southern corner of Moffett Field. After this intersection, a carpool lane is added, for a total of three lanes in either direction. It remains like this until the east end of the freeway at Interstate 880, where most eastbound traffic is directed to northbound I-880. The route then becomes a city street (an arterial road)", "id": "9003349" }, { "contents": "Massachusetts Route 141\n\n\nas Easthampton Road, crossing roads south of Mount Tom. Crossing through the Rock Valley section of Holyoke, the highway passes south of the Whiting Reservoir and Wyckoff Country Club, entering the Smiths Valley section. Through Smiths Valley, Route 141 runs southeast through a residential neighborhood, reaching a ramp to Interstate 91 southbound (I-91 exit 17). After another turn, the route crosses into a trumpet interchange with I-91 northbound, becoming a one-way couplet through downtown Holyoke. Route 141 eastbound runs along Dwight Street while Route 141", "id": "2532205" }, { "contents": "Interstate 295 (Delaware–Pennsylvania)\n\n\nof Penndel. Following this interchange, the freeway runs south-southeast near suburban residential areas as it heads west of Levittown. I-295 enters Bristol Township and terminates at an interchange with I-95 at I-276 (Pennsylvania Turnpike). At this interchange, I-295 merges into southbound I-95, with access from westbound I-295 to southbound I-95 and from northbound I-95 to eastbound I-295; there are no ramps connecting I-295 and the Pennsylvania Turnpike. In the 1927 New Jersey state highway renumbering, Route 39 was legislated to begin at the Yardley–Wilburtha Bridge", "id": "9627779" }, { "contents": "James River Freeway\n\n\n. The portion of the James River Freeway between I-44 and the interchange with US 60 and Route 413 is designated as Route 360. Other than its endpoints, there is only one interchange on the route: Route MM in Brookline (now part of Republic). Exit markers for the highway mark the road as the James River Freeway and have no control cities, only \"To Route 60\" eastbound and \"To I-44\" westbound. The control cities between US 60 and US 65 are Republic westbound and Rogersville eastbound. At", "id": "6615288" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 6 in Rhode Island\n\n\nturns south on the I-295 collector/distributor roads to the west end of that freeway. The south interchange of US 6 and I-295 has numerous ramp stubs once intended for a western continuation of the Roberts Expressway as Interstate 84. The six-lane Roberts Expressway has interchanges with Route 5, U.S. Route 6A, Route 128, and US 6A again on its way to Olneyville. It crosses from Johnston into Providence just west of the bridge over Route 128. At the second US 6A interchange, the older Olneyville Bypass begins,", "id": "21794194" }, { "contents": "Flatbush Avenue Connector\n\n\nstate proposed the corridor as the Cedar Ridge Connector with no number, leading from its current terminus at I-84 to U.S. 5/Route 15 in Wethersfield. The short expressway planned to include an interchange with a planned but cancelled Route 71 expressway leading to New Britain. Circa 2015, the viaduct carrying the northbound ramp to Eastbound I-84 was removed, and a new alignment adjacent to the southbound off ramp from Westbound I-84 was built. Exit 45 is currently an incomplete interchange, with ramps only for I-84 westbound to SR 504 (left", "id": "5839909" }, { "contents": "Interstate 195 (New Jersey)\n\n\ndesignation west and south, along existing I-95 instead. I-195's western terminus is at a modified cloverleaf interchange with I-295 in Hamilton Township, Mercer County, located southeast of the city of Trenton. From this end, the freeway continues north into Trenton as Route 29. I-195 serves as the southern continuation of Route 29, continuing east from I-295 as a six-lane expressway, passing between suburban neighborhoods to the north and the Crosswicks Creek to the south. After the exit for US 206, the highway narrows to four lanes", "id": "14760197" }, { "contents": "Massachusetts Route 25\n\n\nRoute 25 west mainline onto Route 495 north, with the right-hand lane serving I-195 via Exit 1. From I-195, Route 25 east is accessible via Exit 22A; I-195 terminates at the interchange. Interstate 495 also terminates at its junction with Route 25; the two southbound lanes of I-495 default onto Route 25 east. After the interchange with I-195 and I-495, Route 25 begins to head in a southeastern direction into the town of Wareham as a six-lane freeway. The route passes under Tihonet Road and through Maple", "id": "18239659" }, { "contents": "California State Route 56\n\n\ncompleted in 1995 after several lawsuits filed by the Sierra Club and other community groups. The two ends were not connected until the middle portion of the freeway was completed in 2004. The delay was largely due to funding issues and environmental concerns. Eastbound SR 56 begins as a ramp from the northbound I-5's local bypass lanes. The interchange is not complete; southbound I-5 traffic must exit to Carmel Valley Road before entering SR 56. Westbound traffic on SR 56 merges into the southbound I-5 local bypass lanes, which provide access to", "id": "2729277" }, { "contents": "Utah State Route 161\n\n\nState Route 161 (SR-161) is a long state highway, designated as a rural major connector, completely within Millard County in central Utah. The highway connects Interstate 70 (I-70) to I-15 while providing service to historic Cove Fort. The route was once part of U.S. Route 91 (US-91), but was renumbered to SR-161 in the 1970s, in parallel with the construction of I-70. Located entirely in southeastern Millard County, SR-161 starts at a diamond interchange with the westernmost exit on I-70 before it terminates at I-15.", "id": "14472451" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 in Connecticut\n\n\nbrief concurrency with Route 72 to the New Britain city line. From the Route 72 junction through Farmington, West Hartford, and into Hartford, I-84 has many left-hand exits and entrances and sharp curves, which were built for a planned network of freeways. In Farmington, US 6 joins I-84 once again at exit 38, and both meet the northern end of the Route 9 expressway at a half-used multi-level stack interchange that was originally planned to be part of the mostly-cancelled I-291 Hartford Beltway.", "id": "14727150" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 40\n\n\nan interchange. Route 40 begins from northbound I-91 in North Haven as the Exit 10 off-ramp. The designation runs for along the exit ramp. The expressway then proceeds northwest and is joined by on-ramps from Bailey Road and southbound I-91. The I-91 interchange includes an overpass over the Quinnipiac River and railroad tracks. About past the I-91 interchange, the road crosses over another set of railroad tracks, then has an interchange with U.S. Route 5. Access to and from US 5 is via Dixwell Avenue (SR 717", "id": "15644232" }, { "contents": "Interstate 695 (District of Columbia)\n\n\nsome remaining \"To I-395\" signage can still be found along I-695 westbound. The new signs designate I-695 as extending from the point where I-395 branches off from the Southeast Freeway, with I-695 continuing along the Southeast Freeway and over the new 11th Street Bridge to the interchange with I-295. However, some commentators contend the new signage is confusing and that the Southeast Freeway is often confused with Baltimore's Beltway, a highway with the same route designation. The entire route is in Washington, D.C. Exits were unnumbered until July 2014.", "id": "13815020" }, { "contents": "California State Route 91\n\n\nState Route 91 (SR 91) is a major east–west state highway in the U.S. state of California that serves several regions of the Greater Los Angeles urban area. A freeway throughout its entire length, it officially runs from Vermont Avenue in Gardena, just west of the junction with the Harbor Freeway (Interstate 110, I-110), east to Riverside at the junction with the Pomona (SR 60 west of SR 91) and Moreno Valley (SR 60 and I-215 east of SR 91) freeways. Though signs along", "id": "4945631" }, { "contents": "Tennessee State Route 182\n\n\nState Route 182 (abbreviated SR 182) is a secondary state highway in western Dyer County, Tennessee. This route is primarily rural in nature throughout its length. The first of SR 182 from its southern terminus with SR 104 to Interstate 155 is a modern two-lane facility with a speed limit. I-155 ended at Exit 7 during the 1970s and this section of SR 182 also served as a temporary link to SR 104 for eastbound motorists until the freeway was completed to Exit 15. SR 182 north of I-155 to its", "id": "12693771" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 4 in New Hampshire\n\n\nI-93 southbound, and runs along the freeway until Exit 15E in Concord. At this interchange, US-4 leaves I-93 and joins Interstate 393 and U.S. Route 202 which run eastbound out of the city. The two U.S. routes overlap I-393 to its terminus in the northern corner of Pembroke. I-393 then ends, and US-4/US-202 merge onto Route 9 eastbound through Chichester and into Epsom. The road crosses Route 28 at the Epsom Traffic Circle, then continues east and intersects Route 107, forming a long four-route concurrency into Northwood", "id": "19470164" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 9\n\n\nriver, it passes through the towns of Essex, Deep River, Chester, Haddam, and Middletown). After its junction with Interstate 91 in Cromwell, Route 9 continues westward then northward, running through the Hartford area towns/cities of Berlin, New Britain, Newington, and Farmington. At the junction with I-84/US 6 near the Farmington - West Hartford town line, Route 9 follows the ramps for eastbound I-84 and ends at the merge with I-84 immediately after crossing the town line. Route 9 has a non", "id": "15881245" }, { "contents": "Maryland Route 32\n\n\nCSX line) and several industrial parks in Annapolis Junction. MD 32 continues northwest into Savage, where the highway has a cloverleaf interchange with US 1 (Washington Boulevard) that includes collector-distributor lanes in both directions. North of Savage, the freeway has a partial cloverleaf interchange with I-95 that has a pair of left-exiting ramps from westbound MD 32 to southbound I-95 and from eastbound MD 32 to northbound I-95; because of these left exits, I-95 is configured differently in that its southbound lanes pass under MD 32 and", "id": "8470347" }, { "contents": "Interstate 95 in Massachusetts\n\n\nto eight lanes. Then the highway passes through Newton, then enters Weston and has a large interchange with the Massachusetts Turnpike (I-90) that provides connections to nearby Route 30. There is a fourth lane after the interchange with Route 9. Exits 23, 24, and 25 are one combined exit northbound. I-95 and Route 128 are due west of Boston at this point and begin to turn to the northeast, serving the city of Waltham and the town of Lexington along the way. The freeway has an interchange with Route", "id": "18993893" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 372\n\n\nthe Mattabesset River, intersecting I-91 at Exit 21. It then widens to 4 lanes, and intersects the northern end of Route 217. Farther east, it crosses Route 3 before meeting Route 9 once again at Exit 19. It then turns southeast to at an intersection with Route 99 at the Cromwell town center. Route 72 was established in the 1932 state highway renumbering between Route 66 in Middletown and Route 10 Plainville. By the beginning of 1963, after the implementation of the 1962 Route Reclassification Act, Route 72 was extended", "id": "8495485" }, { "contents": "Interstate 664\n\n\nhas a connection to Portsmouth through Virginia State Route 164 (SR 164) and to Suffolk via U.S. Route 13, US 58, and US 460. I-664 begins at a full Y interchange with I-64 and I-264 that serves as the terminus of all three Interstates in the Bowers Hill section of the city of Chesapeake. I-64 heads southeast as a continuation of the Hampton Roads Beltway through Chesapeake while I-264 heads east toward Portsmouth and Norfolk. I-664 heads west as an eight-lane freeway that has a southbound-only exit ramp to", "id": "13145352" }, { "contents": "Virginia State Route 194\n\n\ncloverleaf interchange with I-64 (Hampton Roads Beltway) that only contains ramps in the northeast and southwest quadrants of the interchange. Northbound SR 194 has an exit ramp to and an entrance ramp from westbound I-64. Southbound SR 194 has an exit ramp to and an entrance ramp from eastbound I-64. The missing connections with I-64 are made via SR 247 to the south and SR 165 (Little Creek Road) to the north of the Interstate. North of SR 165, SR 194 becomes a four-lane divided highway north to its", "id": "19152409" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nalphabetic values to allow for future system expansion. The alphabetic naming suffixes are included as small letters on the bottom of reassurance shields. The Glenrio business spur of Interstate 40 begins at I-40 on exit 0 just east of the New Mexico-Texas state line. The highway runs south from the interchange towards Former route 66, then turns west along that decommissioned route where it terminates at the Texas-New Mexico State Line. The Adrian business loop of Interstate 40 begins at I-40 at exit 22 and runs along Former route 66 to", "id": "294158" }, { "contents": "Vermont Route 103\n\n\nand slightly better road across the Green Mountains to Rutland, it is a direct east–west road intersecting Interstate 91 significantly north of the diagonal 103. Numerous proposals to widen 103 into a two-lane freeway or similar limited-access roadway have failed, even though a substantial power company right of way shadows the road for much of its length. VT 103 begins at U.S. Route 5 in Rockingham just east of Interstate 91 and just north of Bellows Falls. From there, it interchanges with I-91 at exit 6 and proceeds", "id": "13506058" } ]

[ { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\nInterstate 691 (I-691) is a portion of the Interstate Highway System in Connecticut beginning at Interstate 91 in Meriden and ending at Interstate 84 near the Cheshire-Southington town line. It is in length, including of the exit ramp to the merge with westbound I-84. I-691 is also known as the Henry D. Altobello Highway for its entire length. I-691 is the main east–west highway of the city of Meriden. The freeway actually begins in Middlefield as Route 66, technically becoming I-691 at the junction with I-91 (Exit", "id": "767379" }, { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\n11). However, westbound signage indicates I-691 begins at the start of the freeway (just west of Exit 13), while eastbound signage shows I-691 ending at the Route 15 interchange (at eastbound Exit 10 about west of the interchange with I-91). To go from I-91 northbound to I-691 westbound (or from I-691 eastbound to I-91 southbound), one must actually use Route 15. Exit 9 westbound provides access to Route 15 North. West of the I-91/Route 15 interchange, I-691 meets US 5, which provides", "id": "767380" }, { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\n66. The highway was extended west to Exit 4 by 1971. The connection to I-84 was eventually completed in 1987, with the renumbering to I-691 done at the same time. The portion east of I-91 remained as Route 66. Environmental and community groups successfully blocked attempts to extend the freeway east of its present terminus due to potential impacts on the Mt. Higby Reservoir, which provides drinking water for the local area. A compromise was reached in the late 1990s allowing CONNDOT to convert Route 66 from a 2-lane road to 4 lanes", "id": "767383" }, { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\nat Exit 4. It then crosses the Quinnipiac River into Cheshire, where it has an interchange with Route 10, then continues west to end at I-84 at the Southington/Cheshire town line. The highway officially ends as it merges into I-84 West. In the 1940s, the I-691 routing was part of a planned US 6A Expressway from Southington to Willimantic. A section of the expressway (from its Middlefield terminus west to Exit 8) first opened in 1966. By 1968, the US 6A designation was dropped in favor of Route", "id": "767382" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 66\n\n\nRoute 66 is a Connecticut state highway running from Meriden to Windham, serving as an alternate east–west route to US 6 through east-central Connecticut. Route 66 officially begins at I-91 in Meriden as the extension of I-691, which officially ends at its interchange with I-91. This freeway portion runs for about into the town of Middlefield, where it becomes a four lane surface road. In Middlefield, it has junctions with the northern end of Route 147, and the southern end of Route 217. It then enters Middletown", "id": "16691092" }, { "contents": "Interstate 91\n\n\nUS 5 begins at the first of its many interchanges with the freeway. Leaving New Haven, I-91 follows a northeastward trek into North Haven, where it meets the southern end of the Route 40 expressway. It travels through the eastern part of Wallingford before entering the eastern part of the city of Meriden. In Meriden, about halfway between Hartford and New Haven, I-91 sees a complex set of interchanges with the Wilbur Cross Parkway (Route 15), the Route 66 expressway, and its first spur route, I-691. I-691", "id": "8976770" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 15\n\n\nmore northeasterly in North Haven. Major junctions include the Milford Parkway (SR 796), a connector providing access to Interstate 95 and US 1 beginning just east of the Sikorsky Bridge; US 5 in Wallingford; and a complex set of interchanges in Meriden providing access to I-91, I-691, and the Route 66 expressway. The parkway ends about a mile north of I-691 as US 5 joins Route 15 and the road becomes a four-lane divided highway with signalized and at-grade intersections known as the Berlin Turnpike. After", "id": "14881517" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 66\n\n\nthe expressway from US 5 in Meriden to Middlefield (where the current expressway ends) opened to traffic. By 1968, the US 6A designation was removed and split into several routes. The section from I-84 in Southington to US 6 in Columbia was renumbered as Route 66, including the newly opened freeway segment. In 1971, another section of the Route 66 freeway opened from between Route 322 and US 5. In 1987, with the completion of the freeway connection to I-84, the section of Route 66 west of I-91 was", "id": "16691099" }, { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\naccess to Route 15 North for eastbound traffic. Exit 7 provides access to Downtown Meriden. Westbound traffic exits onto State Street Extension, while eastbound traffic enters onto Columbia Street. Exits 6 and 5 provide access to Route 71, as well as access to Westfield Meriden. Exit 6 exits to Lewis Avenue, while Exit 5 exits directly to Route 71. From here, I-691 passes along the north side of Hubbard Park as well as by Castle Craig before it crosses into Southington. It then meets the eastern end of Route 322", "id": "767381" }, { "contents": "Interstate 291 (Connecticut)\n\n\nInterstate 291 (I-291) is a short Interstate Highway in the state of Connecticut that starts at I-91 at its junction with Route 218 in Windsor and ends at I-84 in Manchester. It serves as a northeastern bypass of Hartford. The official length of I-291 is , including of the exit ramp to the merge with eastbound I-84. I-291 is also known as the Vietnam Veterans Memorial Highway for its entire length. I-291 begins at I-91 in Windsor at an interchange that also provides access to and from Route 218. Heading southeast, I-291", "id": "4834367" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 in Connecticut\n\n\ncity of Waterbury, where it intersects the Route 8 expressway and crosses the Naugatuck River on an elevated dual-decked viaduct known locally as The Mixmaster. After passing through Cheshire, I-84 intersects the western end of I-691 at the Cheshire–Southington town line, which is also the New Haven–Hartford county line. I-84 turns more northerly for a stretch to exit 31 (Route 229), which provides access to Lake Compounce Amusement Park and ESPN World Headquarters. The freeway heads more northeasterly to Plainville, where it has a", "id": "14727149" }, { "contents": "Interstate 384\n\n\nInterstate 384 (I-384) is an Interstate Highway located entirely within the state of Connecticut. It runs east to west, going from Interstate 84 in East Hartford to U.S. Route 6/U.S. Route 44 in Bolton. I-384 officially begins at I-84 eastbound Exit 59 at the East Hartford/Manchester town line, as the right 2 lanes of traffic split from the I-84 mainline. The highway can also be accessed from the I-84 eastbound HOV lane, and westbound I-384 traffic can also access the HOV lane on westbound I-84. Westbound I-84", "id": "10503364" }, { "contents": "Special routes of U.S. Route 6\n\n\n6A from Plymouth–Farmington, this became US 6A. This US 6A was subsequently extended through Meriden to Willimantic along modern Route 66. An expressway upgrade was planned for this US 6A. Only a portion of the highway was built and is now I-691. U.S. Route 6A (US 6A) between Coventry and Windham was designated when New England Interstate Route 3 (NE-3) was deleted. The route was swapped with the old US 6 in 1939 and finally deleted in 1942 when US 6A became Route 31. U.S. Route 6A (US", "id": "10795785" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 (Pennsylvania–Massachusetts)\n\n\nNew Milford. Route 6 leaves the interstate at the next exit, and I-84 continues east across the countryside. At Exit 11, it turns to the northeast and descends to cross the Housatonic River on the Rochambeau Bridge, into New Haven County. It then climbs onto higher ground to the city of Waterbury, which it passes on an elevated viaduct with the eastbound and westbound lanes on different levels. Here the CT 8 expressway intersects. The eastern heading continues past Waterbury to Milldale, where Interstate 691 splits off to the east", "id": "12185438" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 120\n\n\nRoute 120 is a state highway in Connecticut, running entirely in the town of Southington. It serves as a more direct connection between the town center of Southington and the city of Meriden. Route 120 begins at an intersection with Route 322 in southeastern Southington, just west of the Meriden city line and about from an interchange with I-691. It heads in a northwest direction, crossing Misery Brook about later, passing by the St. Thomas Cemetery, then intersecting with Route 364 after another . Route 120 ends at an intersection with Route", "id": "21983096" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 322\n\n\nmeets Route 10 at a grade separated intersection. It briefly crosses into Cheshire before crossing the Quinnipiac River and reentering southeastern Southington. It meets the southern end of Route 120 before ending at an interchange with I-691 near the Southington-Meriden town line. The road continues into Meriden as West Main Street. Route 322 was established in 1963, running from Route 69 to then US 6A (Meriden Road) in Wolcott. The year before becoming a signed route, Route 322 was taken over by the state and designated as unsigned SR", "id": "8420887" }, { "contents": "Interstate 91\n\n\n. As such, it is almost always heavily trafficked (especially during rush hour), and maintains at least three lanes in each direction through Connecticut except for a short portion in Hartford at the interchange with I-84 and in Meriden at the interchange with Route 15. The three cities also serve as Connecticut's control points along its length of the Interstate. I-91 begins just east of downtown New Haven at an interchange with I-95 (the Connecticut Turnpike), and Route 34. At the bottom of the ramp for exit 5,", "id": "8976769" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 66\n\n\nIt ran from the Milldale section of Southington, via Meriden and Middletown, to Willimantic. In the 1932 state highway renumbering, old Highway 111 was designated as part of Route 14, which extended from Woodbury to the Rhode Island state line. In 1941, the section of Route 14 from Woodbury to Willimantic was redesignated as US 6A, connecting at US 6 on both ends. In the early 1960s, plans for constructing a US 6A expressway between I-84 in Southington and Willimantic were announced. By 1966, a short portion of", "id": "16691098" }, { "contents": "Interstate 66\n\n\nfrom eastbound I-66 to the West Falls Church Metro station at the Leesburg Pike (Virginia State Route 7) interchange and will provide a new bridge for the W&OD Trail over Lee Highway (Virginia State Route 29). In Washington D.C., I-66 was planned to extend east of its current terminus along the North Leg of the Inner Loop freeway. I-66 would have also met the eastern terminus of a planned Interstate 266 at US 29, and the western terminus of the South Leg Freeway (I-695) at US 50; I-266 would", "id": "9038810" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 10\n\n\n. It then turns north onto Dixwell Avenue, and intersects the Wilbur Cross Parkway (Route 15) at Exit 60. In the center of Hamden, it turns onto Whitney Avenue. Proceeding northward, it encounters the northern end of the Route 40 freeway and the western end of Route 22 . In Cheshire, it meets the eastern end of Route 42, and has a brief triplex with Routes 68 and 70. At the north end of town is a junction with I-691 at Exit 3. It then enters Southington, where", "id": "16098035" }, { "contents": "Interstate 80 in Iowa\n\n\nthe east at the Jordan Creek Parkway exit. The highway adds a third lane eastbound and drops the third lane westbound. Almost to the east is the interchange with I-35, which also marks the beginning of I-235. Eastbound I-80 exits the freeway via a flyover ramp to northbound I-35; eastbound I-235 begins as the continuation of the I-80 freeway. Locally, this exit is called the West Mixmaster. I-80 shares the next with I-35 on a six-lane freeway where each direction's three lanes are separated by a Jersey barrier.", "id": "3837266" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 68\n\n\nto its junction with I-91 at Exit 15. After overpassing I-91 and passing a couple of business parks, Route 68 becomes a 2 lane road once again. It then enters Durham, where it passes the southern end of Route 157 before ending at Route 17 in the center of town. The road connecting Naugatuck and Cheshire was designated in 1922 as State Highway 325. In the 1932 state highway renumbering, former Highway 325 was renumbered to Route 68. The route was later extended east to Middlefield in 1966 along former SR 607", "id": "3645090" }, { "contents": "Interstate 480 (Nebraska–Iowa)\n\n\nLeavenworth neighborhood from the Old Market neighborhood. Shortly after the Leavenworth Street exit is the Harney Street exit, which provides access to U.S. Route 6 from eastbound I-480. before the North Freeway interchange, I-480 passes beneath Dodge and Douglas Streets, which are the westbound and eastbound lanes of U.S. 6, respectively. Just to the southwest of the Creighton University campus is the North Freeway interchange, where US 75 leaves eastbound I-480 and joins westbound. The North Freeway was originally planned to be an Interstate Highway, \"I-580\", connecting", "id": "10317788" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nExit 110 leading to the I-40 frontage road along the eastbound lanes, which suddenly becomes a divided highway named \"Route 66.\" The first intersection is a connecting road to the parts of the interchange with the eastbound on-ramp, as well as the frontage roads along the westbound lanes, leading to the western terminus of the business loop. Shortly after this is the barely paved Carson County Road BB. The divided highway ends just west of TX FM 295 and Carson County Road CC (Western Avenue), and gains", "id": "294168" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 in New York\n\n\n6 and 202 closely parallel I-84 to the north, between the freeway and one of the upper basins of East Branch Reservoir, part of New York City's water supply system. The northern terminus of NY 121 lets eastbound traffic on and westbound traffic off. Two miles (3.2 km) to the east, Signs appear for Saw Mill Road, exit 1 on Connecticut's stretch of I-84, and its ramps leave the highway just a hundred feet (30 m) before the state line. The route of I-84 through the", "id": "995373" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 34\n\n\nLegion Avenue, later becoming South Frontage Road (former Oak Street), while westbound Route 34 uses North Frontage Road. The eastbound section running along Legion Avenue and South Frontage Road (1.03 miles) is town-maintained. The corresponding westbound section along North Frontage Road is officially designated as State Road 706 but is signed as Route 34 West. Route 34 then continues along the Oak Street Connector, a six-lane freeway that connects to I-91 and I-95. The freeway portion has two westbound exits and three eastbound entrances,", "id": "5492586" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nfor BL-40, because south of this intersection is an approach to a westbound on-eastbound off wye interchange with I-40. Immediately after this intersection, BL-40 ends at an eastbound on-westbound off wye interchange with I-40. The Clinton business loop of Interstate 40 is the fourth business route of I-40 in Oklahoma, running from exit 65 to exit 69, although only part of the route runs along former US 66. The route begins at exit 65, which is an eastbound flyover with no re-entry, and a westbound", "id": "294183" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nand maintenance facility, and then leaves the frontage road at the on ramp to eastbound I-40, where it meets its terminus. The frontage roads along both sides of I-40 continue through three more interchanges before crossing the Texas-Oklahoma State Line. The Erick business loop of Interstate 40 is the first business route of I-40 in Oklahoma. It begins on exit 5 (Honeyfarm Drive) and runs south into North 1720th Road until that street ends at a four-lane divided highway known as East 1240th Road (former Route 66)", "id": "294176" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 542\n\n\nRoute 542 (also known as Ferguson Road) is a state road in northern Connecticut. It is contained inside the town of Vernon. It runs from Route 533 to Route 541. Route 542 begins at Route 543 (Tunnel Road) in the central portion of the town of Vernon. It then heads east for about before intersecting with exit 66 on Interstate 84 (I-84}. Only travelers on westbound I-84 can exit onto Route 542, and that travelers on Route 542 can only get onto westbound I-84. About from the", "id": "1160744" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 71\n\n\nas it intersects West Main Street. While southbound traffic may continue from West Main Street onto Cook Avenue, northbound traffic must turn right onto Hanover Street, then left onto South Grove Street, and left onto West Main Street to continue. Once reunited, Route 71 proceeds west on West Main Street before turning north onto Chamberlain Highway. It then crosses I-691 at Exit 5, with access to and from the west. It then crosses into Berlin, passing the eastern end of Route 364 before turning northeast as the Chamberlain Highway becomes", "id": "18857060" }, { "contents": "Interstate 91\n\n\nparallels the river, never more than from its shore. I-91 then enters the Hartford city limits. In Hartford, I-91 it has a set of interchanges with US 5/Route 15 (Wilbur Cross Highway), which provides access from I-91 north to I-84 east, and from I-84 west to I-91 south via the Charter Oak Bridge. I-91 then has an interchange with I-84, where all other movements to and from I-84 take place. Before leaving the city limits, an HOV lane begins that has its own set of interchanges", "id": "8976772" }, { "contents": "Interstate 210 (Louisiana)\n\n\nShip Channel. At the southeastern end of the bridge, the highway meets with exit 3, Prien Lake Road, eastbound. I-210 heads east through Lake Charles, turning 90 degrees at exit 8, LA 14/Gerstner Memorial Drive. The highway then heads north towards its eastern terminus with I-10 just east of Lake Charles. Though portions of the freeway run north-south, the entire route is signed east-west. All of I-210 is included as part of the National Highway System, a system of roadways important to", "id": "2671252" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 95 in California\n\n\nChemehuevi Mountains before entering the city of Needles after several miles. After passing the Needles Municipal Airport, US 95 merges onto I-40 westbound and continues through Needles on the freeway. US 95 exits from I-40 west of Needles and continues northwest to Searchlight Junction, where US 95 continues north at the junction with the old routing of US 66. The highway continues north, east of Homer Mountain, to the Nevada state line. US 95 is part of the California Freeway and Expressway System, and a small portion near I-10 and the", "id": "21402148" }, { "contents": "Interstate 66\n\n\nInterstate 66 (I-66) is an Interstate Highway in the eastern United States. As indicated by its even route number, it runs in an east–west direction. Its current western terminus is near Middletown, Virginia, at an interchange with I-81; its eastern terminus is in Washington, D.C., at an interchange with U.S. Route 29. Because of its terminus in the Shenandoah Valley, the highway was once called the \"Shenandoah Freeway.\" Much of the route parallels U.S. Route 29 or Virginia State Route 55. Interstate", "id": "9038774" }, { "contents": "Interstate 95 in Connecticut\n\n\nof around 150,000 throughout the entire length between the New York state line and the junction with I-91 in New Haven. The Turnpike intersects with several major expressways, namely US 7 at Exit 15 in Norwalk, Route 8 and Route 25 at Exit 27A in Bridgeport (quickest way to I-84 from southwest CT), the Merritt and Wilbur Cross Parkways at Exit 38 (via the Milford Parkway) in Milford, and Interstate 91 at Exit 48 in New Haven. North (east) of I-91, the Turnpike continues along the Connecticut", "id": "5620386" }, { "contents": "Missouri Route 96\n\n\nRoute 96 was redesignated as Route YY west of Route 171 when Kansas deleted the eastern part of K-96. Route 96 begins at a partial interchange with Interstate 44 (I-44) just west of Halltown (there is no access to westbound I-44 or from eastbound I-44). The highway is a two-lane road and is relatively straight all the way to Carthage. Approximately west of I-44 is the western terminus of Route 266. Approximately further west, Route 96 is joined by Historic Route 66. At Albatross, is an intersection", "id": "11824778" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nI-40, and the former segment of US 66 along the north side continues as one of the two I-40 frontage roads. The Amarillo business loop of Interstate 40 begins at I-40 exit 62A just west of Amarillo. The highway was formerly a business route for Route 66, being that highway's only bannered route in Texas. Bus. I-40 D is known locally as Amarillo Boulevard and is the longest buisness route of Interstate 40. Bus. I-40 D begins at Interstate 40 exit 62A just west of Amarillo near Cadillac Ranch. The", "id": "294164" }, { "contents": "Interstate 540 and North Carolina Highway 540\n\n\nto the Western Wake Freeway and future Southern and Eastern Wake Freeways. As of January 2013, the North Carolina state route traverses east–west from I-40, in Durham County to NC 55, in Holly Springs. Initially intended to be signed as an extension of the I-540 loop, the first section of the route bears mile markers and exit numbers for the complete Interstate loop, going from 66 to 69. In Mid-2012, this section of the beltway became part of the Triangle Expressway. No portion of I-540 is tolled.", "id": "6204061" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 229\n\n\nRoute 229 is a state highway in the western Greater Hartford area of the U.S. state of Connecticut. It runs north–south from Interstate 84 in Southington to U.S. Route 6 in Bristol. Along the way, it intersects Route 72 in the Forestville section of Bristol. Route 229 nominally begins at the end of the eastbound Exit 31 off-ramp of I-84 in western Southington, heading northward along West Street. State maintenance and the official southern end of Route 229 actually begins about south of the off-ramp. West Street", "id": "7429975" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nwhich focuses on the roads former status as Route 66. The commercial strip ends after a dirt road named North Tennessee Street. \"Route 66\" splits from East 12th Street at an intersection that's another connecting road to the eastbound off-ramp of Exit 164, the then runs over the overpass above I-40 to turn right at the frontage road along the westbound lanes leading to the western beginning of the business loop. Eastbound Business Interstate Route 40-J narrows down to a two-lane undivided highway before passing by a TxDOT construction", "id": "294175" }, { "contents": "Highway revolts in the United States\n\n\nInterstate 291 beltway west of Interstate 91, the proposed Interstate 484 expressway through the downtown, and the proposed Interstate 284 expressway between East Hartford and South Windsor, and Interstate 491 from Wethersfield to Manchester. After these freeways were cancelled, the State of Connecticut used the funds allocated for their construction to rebuild and expand existing freeways in the Greater Hartford area. In 1992 the Route 9 Expressway was extended north from I-91 in New Britain to Interstate 84 in Farmington, completing what would have been the southwest quadrant of the I-291 beltway;", "id": "256037" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 in Connecticut\n\n\nthe northern end of the Route 15 expressway, it inherits the Wilbur Cross Highway name for the rest of its length. From 1968 until 1984, the I-84 designation ended here, and the highway became I-86 for the rest of its length, as I-84 was once planned to be built east toward Providence, Rhode Island. I-84 intersects one of the remnants of the abandoned project, I-384, as part of a series of complex interchanges in Manchester including the end of the US 6 concurrency at exit 60, and a connection to", "id": "14727152" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nfrontage roads along the westbound lanes leading to the western beginning of the business loop, and an unorthodox roadside attraction known as the Leaning Tower of Texas. Business Interstate Route 40-F ends at the on ramp to eastbound I-40, as does the divided former US 66, which is converted back into the frontage road along the eastbound lanes of I-40. The McLean business loop of Interstate 40 runs from exit 141 to 143. Officially designated as Business Interstate 40-H by the Texas Department of Transportation, it begins at I-40 at an eastbound flyover", "id": "294170" }, { "contents": "Maryland Route 53\n\n\nstate highway then meets its northern terminus at an intersection with US 40 Alternate in La Vale. Access to westbound I-68 is provided a short distance to the east on US 40 Alternate. MD 53 is part of US 220 Truck, which provides access from Interstate 68 (I-68) west of La Vale to southbound US 220 for trucks due to a truck prohibition on the eastbound exit ramp for I-68's interchange with US 220. The state highway is part of the main National Highway System from US 220 to I-68; in addition", "id": "11898711" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 84\n\n\nend street at the truck stop along the aforementioned frontage road. Interstate 84 Business was a business loop of I-84 along in Morgan, Utah. It ran north along Utah State Route 66 at Exit 103 (State Street) to East 600th Street running along the north side of I-84 until the former westbound-off-ramp and eastbound on-ramp that was once westbound Exit 103 until the mid-1990s. Interstate 84 Business was a business loop of I-84 along in Henefer, Utah. It ran southeast along the southwest side of I-84", "id": "6061978" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 5 in Connecticut\n\n\nStreet becomes Broad Street after the intersection with Hall Avenue as it passes by the eastern part of the city, avoiding the downtown area. Past Olive Street, the road becomes divided with a wide grassy median. At the north end of the divided section, it has an intersection with East Main Street, the main east–west business route through the city. About north of East Main Street, US 5 has an interchange with I-691 (at exit 8). At the intersection with Brittania Street, the road becomes North Broad", "id": "5428414" }, { "contents": "Interstate 91\n\n\nthe river can also be easily accessed in this stretch. At exit 19 is the northern terminus of I-93, a major interstate highway in New England, which provides a direct route south through the White Mountains and to almost all major cities in New Hampshire. Just after exit 19, there are three exits for St. Johnsbury, including a major intersection with US 2. Along westbound US 2, the capital of Vermont, Montpelier, is eventually reached from I-91, although I-89 provides Montpelier with immediate Interstate access. I-91 continues northward", "id": "8976783" }, { "contents": "Massachusetts Turnpike\n\n\nand the seventh-longest gap between exits in the entire Interstate Highway System. The highest elevation on the turnpike exists in The Berkshires, reaching above sea level in Becket; this point is also the highest elevation on I-90 east of South Dakota. Beyond the peak elevation and between the exits, an eastbound runaway truck ramp exists in Russell. The turnpike has an interchange with I-91 and US 5 at exit 4 in West Springfield; it passes over the Connecticut River before reaching Route 33 at exit 5 and I-291 at exit 6", "id": "8595595" }, { "contents": "County Route 66 (California)\n\n\ncrossing paths with the freeway again at Fenner, before heading east on Goffs Road to the junction with US 95. Next, CR 66 cosigns along US 95 south to the junction with I-40, where both the US and county routes cosign with I-40 heading east towards Needles. CR 66 exits the freeway at River Road Cutoff, where it immediately turns onto National Trails Highway after exiting. The route follows National Trails Highway to its end on River Road, then begins its southeast journey into downtown Needles. After an interchange with I-40", "id": "21979064" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 (Pennsylvania–Massachusetts)\n\n\n. This section has many left-hand exits and entrances and sharp curves, which were built for a planned network of freeways. I-84 heads northeast towards New Britain and Hartford, the state capital and the largest community along its eastern length. After intersecting Interstate 91, the road crosses the Connecticut River on the Bulkeley Bridge, oldest on the Interstate system, then becomes the Wilbur Cross Highway and continues towards the northeast. The last exit in Connecticut is Exit 74, an exit for Route 171. I-84 crosses the Massachusetts border", "id": "12185439" }, { "contents": "Rhode Island Route 4\n\n\n. After exit 7, Route 4 continues northward as a six-lane expressway, passing farmlands to the west and entering a suburban region of East Greenwich. The highway crosses under an overpass at Middle Road before interchanging with Route 401, the freeway's final spur, at another partial cloverleaf interchange. Exit 8 is also used to access Route 2 and I-95 south, which has no direct freeway connection with Route 4 north. Shortly after exit 8, the Route 4 designation ends and the mainline of the highway defaults onto I-95", "id": "14737226" }, { "contents": "Cromwell, Connecticut\n\n\nis land and (4.03%) is water. A major north/south highway, Interstate 91, with two Cromwell exits, runs through the Town. The Central Connecticut Expressway (Route 9), opened at the end of 1989, enhances the Town's location as it connects I-95 in Old Saybrook, I-91 in Cromwell and I-84, the State's major east/west highway in New Britain. As of the census of 2010, there were 14,005 people, 5,212 households, and 3,262 families residing in the town.", "id": "17977773" }, { "contents": "Interstate 190 (South Dakota)\n\n\n16 westbound goes east on Omaha Street and eastbound runs north concurrently with I-190. I-190 then becomes a freeway, with an exit to North Street. I-190 then passes under Anamosa Street before an on-ramp from the northbound lanes of West Boulevard. Both US 16 and I-190 then terminate at a trumpet interchange with I-90/US 14/SD 79. Legally, the route of I-190 is defined at South Dakota Codified Laws § 31-4-203. I-190 was opened in 1962 to connect Rapid City to the recently completed", "id": "2672231" }, { "contents": "Interstate 210 and State Route 210 (California)\n\n\nfor the interchange between State Route 57 and the Foothill Freeway, Interstate 210. The \"curve\" portion refers to the interchange from the northbound lanes of State Route 57 to the westbound lanes of I-210, and from the eastbound lanes of I-210 to the southbound lanes of State Route 57. The origin of the name comes from its location in the city of Glendora. Prior to 2002, this interchange was entirely part of I-210, and the eastern terminus of I-210 ended several miles south of the curve at the Kellogg Interchange at", "id": "2671217" }, { "contents": "Interstate 78 in New Jersey\n\n\nEntering more commercial areas, Route 173 merges onto I-78/US 22 at exit 13. At exit 15, the highway interchanges with CR 513, and Route 173 splits from I-78/US 22 by heading north on CR 513. At this point, the freeway enters Franklin Township briefly at exit 15 and then enters Clinton where it crosses the South Branch Raritan River. I-78/US 22 turns northeast and leaves Clinton for Clinton Township, where it has an eastbound exit and westbound entrance for Route 173 that also provides access to", "id": "16353900" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 15\n\n\nlimits, the business route veers onto Center Street and follows that through the center of town. At the north end of the city, I-15 Bus. turns west and runs concurrently with US 30 to its northern end at I-15 Exit 47. Interstate 15 Business runs for exactly through Inkom in northern Bannock County. I-15 Bus. mostly follows Old Highway 91 between Exits 57 and 58, a pair of partial interchanges. Interstate 15 Business spans through Pocatello in northern Bannock County. I-15 Bus. begins at I-15 Exit 67, where", "id": "15434019" }, { "contents": "Interstate 10 in California\n\n\nI-10 down Interstate 5 between the East LA Interchange and the Santa Monica Freeway, negating a section of the San Bernardino Freeway west of I-5. This short section of Route 10 between Route 5 and Route 101, which was formerly defined as Route 110 (signed as Interstate 110) until 1968, is signed overhead for I-10 eastbound and for U.S. 101 westbound. This I-5/I-10 cosigning is consistent with the Federal Highway Administration's Interstate Highway route logs that such an overlap exists for the segment of I-10 in California. I-10 is", "id": "10298840" }, { "contents": "Nevada State Route 425\n\n\ncenter of Verdi, then southeast to its terminus at the I-80 East Verdi interchange (Exit 5). Although designated a state route and an Interstate business route, there are no route shields posted along the highway itself. The I-80 business route extends beyond the end of SR 425. From the highway's western terminus, I-80 Business follows Gold Ranch Road an additional south to end at an I-80 westbound onramp. The highway originally carried State Route 1 and later U.S. Route 40 on its trek west from Reno over Donner Pass towards", "id": "5840323" }, { "contents": "Interstate 516\n\n\ncurrent western terminus of I-516. In 1985, the entire highway from its then-current western terminus at Burnsed Blvd to Montgomery Street was designated as I-516. The freeway portion was extended westward to the interchange with SR 25 (Burnsed Blvd) and eastward to the current eastern terminus. Also US 17/SR 25 and US 80/SR 26 were re-routed along the freeway, from the West Bay Street exit to the Ogeechee Road exit. In 1995, US 17 had a major re-routing through the city", "id": "10860994" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 15\n\n\nState Route 28. Interstate 15 Business is a Business loop of Interstate 15 in Bringham City, and is also concurrent with Business Loop 84. It runs from an interchange at Exit 362 on I-15/84 at first along U.S. Route 91 to the intersection with U.S. Route 89 and UT 13. US 91 continues east along US 89, while BL 15/84 turns left to go north along UT 13 (South Main Street). Further in town, the road serves as the west end of Utah State Route 90. At Forest Street,", "id": "15434015" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 95 in Nevada\n\n\nthe Henderson Spaghetti Bowl (also known as the Hender-Bender) interchange of Interstate 215 and SR 564 and Interstate 515 begins. The freeway then heads west into Downtown Las Vegas, where it intersects Interstate 15. At the Spaghetti Bowl interchange, US 93 follows I-15 northbound and I-515 ends. US 95 heads west, then north at the Rainbow Curve. The freeway portion then ends at Corn Creek Road northwest of the Las Vegas Valley and then it becomes a brief four-lane divided highway. US 95 exits Clark County", "id": "7359006" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 15\n\n\nwhen it turns east onto Alameda Road, which becomes Pocatello Creek Road when it veers northeast to the business route's terminus at I-15 Exit 71. Interstate 15 Business has a length of through Blackfoot in central Bingham County. I-15 Bus. begins at I-15 Exit 89 near the northern end of the Fort Hall Indian Reservation and follows US 91 northeast parallel to the Union Pacific Railroad. The highways cross the Blackfoot River into the city of Blackfoot along Broadway Street. In downtown Blackfoot, the routes veer onto Main Street, then I-15", "id": "15434021" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 50 in Maryland\n\n\neastbound exit. Following this interchange, US 50 passes office parks and industrial development in New Carrollton. The highway reaches a hybrid turbine interchange with I-95/I-495, the Capital Beltway. At the I-95/I-495 interchange, the US 50 freeway becomes part of the Interstate Highway System as I-595, which is an unsigned highway. The road heads east as an ten-lane freeway, with the left lane in each direction designated as a high-occupancy vehicle lane (HOV lane). The freeway passes near residential development and", "id": "21110676" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nloop of Interstate 40 is the third business route of I-40 in Oklahoma. It runs northeast along former US 66 from eastbound exit 32 and turns east after the beginning of an overlap with OK 6 that runs along the route until OK 6 turns south at North Main Street. From there it snakes through the northeastern part of the city and after the intersection with OK 34 finally terminates with I-40 at westbound exit 41. The route begins at a left exit in a wye interchange with Interstate 40, which also serves as a connection", "id": "294180" }, { "contents": "Iowa Highway 330\n\n\nused as a connector between Des Moines and the Waterloo–Cedar Falls area. Iowa 330 begins at an interchange with Interstate 80 (I-80), U.S. Route 6 (US 6), and US 65 in Altoona. The I-80 freeway runs east–west; US 6 comes up from the southwest along Hubbell Avenue and joins eastbound I-80 while US 65 exits eastbound I-80 and turns onto Hubbell heading northeast. For the first of its routing, Iowa 330 shares the same roadway with US 65. The two routes head northeast on", "id": "10381823" }, { "contents": "Interstate 180 (Pennsylvania)\n\n\nat an interchange with U.S. Route 15 and U.S. Route 220. The highway begins its signage, concurrent along these routes. At exit 27A, US 15 leaves the overlap running south across the Carl E. Stotz Memorial Little League Bridge and I-180 continues eastward, still concurrent with US 220 northbound. From there, I-180 runs along the West Branch Susquehanna River until the highway reaches the eastern suburbs of Williamsport, where US 220 leaves the Interstate via exit 15. From US 220 to the eastern terminus, I-180 is aligned north–south", "id": "4494305" }, { "contents": "Interstate 76 (Ohio–New Jersey)\n\n\nJersey. After I-76 reaches its eastern terminus, the freeway continues as Route 42 and the Atlantic City Expressway to Atlantic City. I-76 begins at I-71 at exit 209, east of Lodi, Ohio; U.S. Route 224 (US 224) continues west from the end of I-76. The interchange was previously a double trumpet, but was reconstructed in 2010. Officially, I-76 begins at the beginning of the ramp from I-71 north; it merges with US 224 at mile 0.61. After passing through rural Medina County, I-76 enters Summit", "id": "12185505" }, { "contents": "Interstate 215 (Utah)\n\n\ninterchange features a grade-separated ramp from northbound 2000 East to eastbound I-215. Past this junction, another interchange at Union Park Avenue appears. Another grade-separated ramp from Union Park Avenue is present. The freeway enters Murray as an interchange serving westbound motorists connects to 280 East and State Street (U.S. Route 89, or US-89). Eastbound travelers connect to State Street further west at a separate exit. The road turns northwest for a short time to approach a junction at I-15 (often called the South Interchange).", "id": "9551591" }, { "contents": "List of state routes in Connecticut\n\n\n. Routes are signed state highways and are assigned numbers from 1 to 399 (with the exception of I-684 and I-691). All state, U.S. and Interstate highways are part of the same numbering system. In 1926, the U.S. highway system was implemented. U.S. Routes 1, 5, 6, and 7 were used as designations on several primary state highways, replacing New England routes 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. The other New England routes that were not re-designated as U.S. routes became ordinary", "id": "5492536" }, { "contents": "Interstate 291 (Massachusetts)\n\n\ndirectly through highly populated areas of Springfield, and passes under several overpasses. From its southwestern terminus to exit 5A, Interstate 291 is concurrent with U.S. Route 20. I-291 is only from Interstate 291 in Connecticut, and there are no intervening Interstate Highway interchanges between them. It can be easy for travelers to become confused between the two highways. Interstate 291 begins as a spur of Interstate 91 at Exit 8 in Springfield, concurrent with U.S. 20, which merges from the north. The two entry ramps from I-91 merge with each", "id": "1778230" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 15\n\n\nprovides access to the end of the Sprinter commuter train line. Shortly thereafter, I-15 Business intersects County Route S14, and then interchanges with State Route 78. The interchange is the last interchange on the 78 before its freeway status ends, and there are only ramps for a westbound entrance or eastbound exit. Continuing north, I-15 Business intersects with El Norte Parkway, a major arterial road, before reconnecting with Interstate 15 at I-15 exit 34 near the northern city limits of Escondido. Though the street itself continues northward well on into", "id": "15434009" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 9\n\n\nSaybrook to I-91 in Cromwell is known as the \"Chester Bowles Highway\". The section from I-91 in Cromwell to Exit 24 in Berlin is known as the \"Korean War Veterans Memorial Highway\". The section from Route 72 in New Britain to Route 175 in Newington is known as the \"Taras Shevchenko Expressway\". The section from Route 175 in Newington to the junction with I-84 is known as the \"Iwo Jima Memorial Expressway\". The road connecting Deep River (then known as Saybrook) and Wethersfield along the west", "id": "15881247" }, { "contents": "Colorado State Highway 74\n\n\nthe Evergreen Parkway segment to four lanes and constructing an interchange with I-70. SH 74 begins at an interchange with I-70 in El Rancho. Ramps from I-70 westbound branch off the freeway's exit 252 from the north side and cross the highway southwestward. Access to SH 74 from I-70 eastbound is provided via U.S. Highway 40 (US 40) a slight distance to the west. From I-70, the roadway heads southwesterly through El Rancho, meeting an intersection with US 40 (Swede Gulch Road). The route heads westward before turning", "id": "12873578" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 84\n\n\nsoutheast corner of that intersection, and the contemporary but still traditional Brigham City Utah Temple on the southwest corner. UT 13 ends at the southern terminus of the overlap of US 89/91, and BL-15/84 makes a sharp right turn along southbound US 91, while South Main Street is taken over by southbound US 89. US 91/BL-15/84 runs west along West 1100th Street South. BL-15/84 ends at Exit 362, a diverging diamond interchange with I-15/84, while West 1100th Street South continues into the I-15 frontage road, and becomes a dead", "id": "6061977" }, { "contents": "Interstate 384\n\n\naccess to I-384 is provided through a complex interchange that also provides access from Pleasant Valley Road near Buckland Hills Mall and from I-291. I-384's first exit is for Spencer Street. The eastbound ramp is on the I-384 mainline, while the westbound ramp comes from a split in the I-84 interchange ramp. Just east of the Spencer Street overpass, the ramp from westbound I-84 joins the I-384 mainline and the HOV lane becomes a conventional lane. I-384 continues along the southern part of Manchester. It has one interchange before it intersects Route", "id": "10503365" }, { "contents": "Interstate 78 in New Jersey\n\n\ninto Springfield Township. The freeway passes near First Watchung Mountain before coming to the Route 24 interchange, where suburban development becomes more dense. At Route 24, I-78 divides into local and express lanes, with three express and three local lanes eastbound and two express and three local lanes westbound. In this section of the highway, most access is via the local lanes, though the next exit for Route 124 includes a direct westbound onramp to the express lanes. Before Route 124, I-78 briefly runs east through Millburn in Essex County", "id": "16353906" }, { "contents": "California State Route 237\n\n\n85. Westbound traffic can connect to Route 85 southbound, but the eastbound traffic connection to Route 85 northbound is labeled as an exit for U.S. 101. Route 237 intersects with Highway 101 at the southern corner of Moffett Field. After this intersection, a carpool lane is added, for a total of three lanes in either direction. It remains like this until the east end of the freeway at Interstate 880, where most eastbound traffic is directed to northbound I-880. The route then becomes a city street (an arterial road)", "id": "9003349" }, { "contents": "Massachusetts Route 141\n\n\nas Easthampton Road, crossing roads south of Mount Tom. Crossing through the Rock Valley section of Holyoke, the highway passes south of the Whiting Reservoir and Wyckoff Country Club, entering the Smiths Valley section. Through Smiths Valley, Route 141 runs southeast through a residential neighborhood, reaching a ramp to Interstate 91 southbound (I-91 exit 17). After another turn, the route crosses into a trumpet interchange with I-91 northbound, becoming a one-way couplet through downtown Holyoke. Route 141 eastbound runs along Dwight Street while Route 141", "id": "2532205" }, { "contents": "Interstate 295 (Delaware–Pennsylvania)\n\n\nof Penndel. Following this interchange, the freeway runs south-southeast near suburban residential areas as it heads west of Levittown. I-295 enters Bristol Township and terminates at an interchange with I-95 at I-276 (Pennsylvania Turnpike). At this interchange, I-295 merges into southbound I-95, with access from westbound I-295 to southbound I-95 and from northbound I-95 to eastbound I-295; there are no ramps connecting I-295 and the Pennsylvania Turnpike. In the 1927 New Jersey state highway renumbering, Route 39 was legislated to begin at the Yardley–Wilburtha Bridge", "id": "9627779" }, { "contents": "James River Freeway\n\n\n. The portion of the James River Freeway between I-44 and the interchange with US 60 and Route 413 is designated as Route 360. Other than its endpoints, there is only one interchange on the route: Route MM in Brookline (now part of Republic). Exit markers for the highway mark the road as the James River Freeway and have no control cities, only \"To Route 60\" eastbound and \"To I-44\" westbound. The control cities between US 60 and US 65 are Republic westbound and Rogersville eastbound. At", "id": "6615288" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 6 in Rhode Island\n\n\nturns south on the I-295 collector/distributor roads to the west end of that freeway. The south interchange of US 6 and I-295 has numerous ramp stubs once intended for a western continuation of the Roberts Expressway as Interstate 84. The six-lane Roberts Expressway has interchanges with Route 5, U.S. Route 6A, Route 128, and US 6A again on its way to Olneyville. It crosses from Johnston into Providence just west of the bridge over Route 128. At the second US 6A interchange, the older Olneyville Bypass begins,", "id": "21794194" }, { "contents": "Flatbush Avenue Connector\n\n\nstate proposed the corridor as the Cedar Ridge Connector with no number, leading from its current terminus at I-84 to U.S. 5/Route 15 in Wethersfield. The short expressway planned to include an interchange with a planned but cancelled Route 71 expressway leading to New Britain. Circa 2015, the viaduct carrying the northbound ramp to Eastbound I-84 was removed, and a new alignment adjacent to the southbound off ramp from Westbound I-84 was built. Exit 45 is currently an incomplete interchange, with ramps only for I-84 westbound to SR 504 (left", "id": "5839909" }, { "contents": "Interstate 195 (New Jersey)\n\n\ndesignation west and south, along existing I-95 instead. I-195's western terminus is at a modified cloverleaf interchange with I-295 in Hamilton Township, Mercer County, located southeast of the city of Trenton. From this end, the freeway continues north into Trenton as Route 29. I-195 serves as the southern continuation of Route 29, continuing east from I-295 as a six-lane expressway, passing between suburban neighborhoods to the north and the Crosswicks Creek to the south. After the exit for US 206, the highway narrows to four lanes", "id": "14760197" }, { "contents": "Massachusetts Route 25\n\n\nRoute 25 west mainline onto Route 495 north, with the right-hand lane serving I-195 via Exit 1. From I-195, Route 25 east is accessible via Exit 22A; I-195 terminates at the interchange. Interstate 495 also terminates at its junction with Route 25; the two southbound lanes of I-495 default onto Route 25 east. After the interchange with I-195 and I-495, Route 25 begins to head in a southeastern direction into the town of Wareham as a six-lane freeway. The route passes under Tihonet Road and through Maple", "id": "18239659" }, { "contents": "California State Route 56\n\n\ncompleted in 1995 after several lawsuits filed by the Sierra Club and other community groups. The two ends were not connected until the middle portion of the freeway was completed in 2004. The delay was largely due to funding issues and environmental concerns. Eastbound SR 56 begins as a ramp from the northbound I-5's local bypass lanes. The interchange is not complete; southbound I-5 traffic must exit to Carmel Valley Road before entering SR 56. Westbound traffic on SR 56 merges into the southbound I-5 local bypass lanes, which provide access to", "id": "2729277" }, { "contents": "Utah State Route 161\n\n\nState Route 161 (SR-161) is a long state highway, designated as a rural major connector, completely within Millard County in central Utah. The highway connects Interstate 70 (I-70) to I-15 while providing service to historic Cove Fort. The route was once part of U.S. Route 91 (US-91), but was renumbered to SR-161 in the 1970s, in parallel with the construction of I-70. Located entirely in southeastern Millard County, SR-161 starts at a diamond interchange with the westernmost exit on I-70 before it terminates at I-15.", "id": "14472451" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 in Connecticut\n\n\nbrief concurrency with Route 72 to the New Britain city line. From the Route 72 junction through Farmington, West Hartford, and into Hartford, I-84 has many left-hand exits and entrances and sharp curves, which were built for a planned network of freeways. In Farmington, US 6 joins I-84 once again at exit 38, and both meet the northern end of the Route 9 expressway at a half-used multi-level stack interchange that was originally planned to be part of the mostly-cancelled I-291 Hartford Beltway.", "id": "14727150" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 40\n\n\nan interchange. Route 40 begins from northbound I-91 in North Haven as the Exit 10 off-ramp. The designation runs for along the exit ramp. The expressway then proceeds northwest and is joined by on-ramps from Bailey Road and southbound I-91. The I-91 interchange includes an overpass over the Quinnipiac River and railroad tracks. About past the I-91 interchange, the road crosses over another set of railroad tracks, then has an interchange with U.S. Route 5. Access to and from US 5 is via Dixwell Avenue (SR 717", "id": "15644232" }, { "contents": "Interstate 695 (District of Columbia)\n\n\nsome remaining \"To I-395\" signage can still be found along I-695 westbound. The new signs designate I-695 as extending from the point where I-395 branches off from the Southeast Freeway, with I-695 continuing along the Southeast Freeway and over the new 11th Street Bridge to the interchange with I-295. However, some commentators contend the new signage is confusing and that the Southeast Freeway is often confused with Baltimore's Beltway, a highway with the same route designation. The entire route is in Washington, D.C. Exits were unnumbered until July 2014.", "id": "13815020" }, { "contents": "California State Route 91\n\n\nState Route 91 (SR 91) is a major east–west state highway in the U.S. state of California that serves several regions of the Greater Los Angeles urban area. A freeway throughout its entire length, it officially runs from Vermont Avenue in Gardena, just west of the junction with the Harbor Freeway (Interstate 110, I-110), east to Riverside at the junction with the Pomona (SR 60 west of SR 91) and Moreno Valley (SR 60 and I-215 east of SR 91) freeways. Though signs along", "id": "4945631" }, { "contents": "Tennessee State Route 182\n\n\nState Route 182 (abbreviated SR 182) is a secondary state highway in western Dyer County, Tennessee. This route is primarily rural in nature throughout its length. The first of SR 182 from its southern terminus with SR 104 to Interstate 155 is a modern two-lane facility with a speed limit. I-155 ended at Exit 7 during the 1970s and this section of SR 182 also served as a temporary link to SR 104 for eastbound motorists until the freeway was completed to Exit 15. SR 182 north of I-155 to its", "id": "12693771" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 4 in New Hampshire\n\n\nI-93 southbound, and runs along the freeway until Exit 15E in Concord. At this interchange, US-4 leaves I-93 and joins Interstate 393 and U.S. Route 202 which run eastbound out of the city. The two U.S. routes overlap I-393 to its terminus in the northern corner of Pembroke. I-393 then ends, and US-4/US-202 merge onto Route 9 eastbound through Chichester and into Epsom. The road crosses Route 28 at the Epsom Traffic Circle, then continues east and intersects Route 107, forming a long four-route concurrency into Northwood", "id": "19470164" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 9\n\n\nriver, it passes through the towns of Essex, Deep River, Chester, Haddam, and Middletown). After its junction with Interstate 91 in Cromwell, Route 9 continues westward then northward, running through the Hartford area towns/cities of Berlin, New Britain, Newington, and Farmington. At the junction with I-84/US 6 near the Farmington - West Hartford town line, Route 9 follows the ramps for eastbound I-84 and ends at the merge with I-84 immediately after crossing the town line. Route 9 has a non", "id": "15881245" }, { "contents": "Maryland Route 32\n\n\nCSX line) and several industrial parks in Annapolis Junction. MD 32 continues northwest into Savage, where the highway has a cloverleaf interchange with US 1 (Washington Boulevard) that includes collector-distributor lanes in both directions. North of Savage, the freeway has a partial cloverleaf interchange with I-95 that has a pair of left-exiting ramps from westbound MD 32 to southbound I-95 and from eastbound MD 32 to northbound I-95; because of these left exits, I-95 is configured differently in that its southbound lanes pass under MD 32 and", "id": "8470347" }, { "contents": "Interstate 95 in Massachusetts\n\n\nto eight lanes. Then the highway passes through Newton, then enters Weston and has a large interchange with the Massachusetts Turnpike (I-90) that provides connections to nearby Route 30. There is a fourth lane after the interchange with Route 9. Exits 23, 24, and 25 are one combined exit northbound. I-95 and Route 128 are due west of Boston at this point and begin to turn to the northeast, serving the city of Waltham and the town of Lexington along the way. The freeway has an interchange with Route", "id": "18993893" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 372\n\n\nthe Mattabesset River, intersecting I-91 at Exit 21. It then widens to 4 lanes, and intersects the northern end of Route 217. Farther east, it crosses Route 3 before meeting Route 9 once again at Exit 19. It then turns southeast to at an intersection with Route 99 at the Cromwell town center. Route 72 was established in the 1932 state highway renumbering between Route 66 in Middletown and Route 10 Plainville. By the beginning of 1963, after the implementation of the 1962 Route Reclassification Act, Route 72 was extended", "id": "8495485" }, { "contents": "Interstate 664\n\n\nhas a connection to Portsmouth through Virginia State Route 164 (SR 164) and to Suffolk via U.S. Route 13, US 58, and US 460. I-664 begins at a full Y interchange with I-64 and I-264 that serves as the terminus of all three Interstates in the Bowers Hill section of the city of Chesapeake. I-64 heads southeast as a continuation of the Hampton Roads Beltway through Chesapeake while I-264 heads east toward Portsmouth and Norfolk. I-664 heads west as an eight-lane freeway that has a southbound-only exit ramp to", "id": "13145352" }, { "contents": "Virginia State Route 194\n\n\ncloverleaf interchange with I-64 (Hampton Roads Beltway) that only contains ramps in the northeast and southwest quadrants of the interchange. Northbound SR 194 has an exit ramp to and an entrance ramp from westbound I-64. Southbound SR 194 has an exit ramp to and an entrance ramp from eastbound I-64. The missing connections with I-64 are made via SR 247 to the south and SR 165 (Little Creek Road) to the north of the Interstate. North of SR 165, SR 194 becomes a four-lane divided highway north to its", "id": "19152409" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nalphabetic values to allow for future system expansion. The alphabetic naming suffixes are included as small letters on the bottom of reassurance shields. The Glenrio business spur of Interstate 40 begins at I-40 on exit 0 just east of the New Mexico-Texas state line. The highway runs south from the interchange towards Former route 66, then turns west along that decommissioned route where it terminates at the Texas-New Mexico State Line. The Adrian business loop of Interstate 40 begins at I-40 at exit 22 and runs along Former route 66 to", "id": "294158" }, { "contents": "Vermont Route 103\n\n\nand slightly better road across the Green Mountains to Rutland, it is a direct east–west road intersecting Interstate 91 significantly north of the diagonal 103. Numerous proposals to widen 103 into a two-lane freeway or similar limited-access roadway have failed, even though a substantial power company right of way shadows the road for much of its length. VT 103 begins at U.S. Route 5 in Rockingham just east of Interstate 91 and just north of Bellows Falls. From there, it interchanges with I-91 at exit 6 and proceeds", "id": "13506058" } ]

[ { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\nInterstate 691 (I-691) is a portion of the Interstate Highway System in Connecticut beginning at Interstate 91 in Meriden and ending at Interstate 84 near the Cheshire-Southington town line. It is in length, including of the exit ramp to the merge with westbound I-84. I-691 is also known as the Henry D. Altobello Highway for its entire length. I-691 is the main east–west highway of the city of Meriden. The freeway actually begins in Middlefield as Route 66, technically becoming I-691 at the junction with I-91 (Exit", "id": "767379" }, { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\n11). However, westbound signage indicates I-691 begins at the start of the freeway (just west of Exit 13), while eastbound signage shows I-691 ending at the Route 15 interchange (at eastbound Exit 10 about west of the interchange with I-91). To go from I-91 northbound to I-691 westbound (or from I-691 eastbound to I-91 southbound), one must actually use Route 15. Exit 9 westbound provides access to Route 15 North. West of the I-91/Route 15 interchange, I-691 meets US 5, which provides", "id": "767380" }, { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\n66. The highway was extended west to Exit 4 by 1971. The connection to I-84 was eventually completed in 1987, with the renumbering to I-691 done at the same time. The portion east of I-91 remained as Route 66. Environmental and community groups successfully blocked attempts to extend the freeway east of its present terminus due to potential impacts on the Mt. Higby Reservoir, which provides drinking water for the local area. A compromise was reached in the late 1990s allowing CONNDOT to convert Route 66 from a 2-lane road to 4 lanes", "id": "767383" }, { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\nat Exit 4. It then crosses the Quinnipiac River into Cheshire, where it has an interchange with Route 10, then continues west to end at I-84 at the Southington/Cheshire town line. The highway officially ends as it merges into I-84 West. In the 1940s, the I-691 routing was part of a planned US 6A Expressway from Southington to Willimantic. A section of the expressway (from its Middlefield terminus west to Exit 8) first opened in 1966. By 1968, the US 6A designation was dropped in favor of Route", "id": "767382" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 66\n\n\nRoute 66 is a Connecticut state highway running from Meriden to Windham, serving as an alternate east–west route to US 6 through east-central Connecticut. Route 66 officially begins at I-91 in Meriden as the extension of I-691, which officially ends at its interchange with I-91. This freeway portion runs for about into the town of Middlefield, where it becomes a four lane surface road. In Middlefield, it has junctions with the northern end of Route 147, and the southern end of Route 217. It then enters Middletown", "id": "16691092" }, { "contents": "Interstate 91\n\n\nUS 5 begins at the first of its many interchanges with the freeway. Leaving New Haven, I-91 follows a northeastward trek into North Haven, where it meets the southern end of the Route 40 expressway. It travels through the eastern part of Wallingford before entering the eastern part of the city of Meriden. In Meriden, about halfway between Hartford and New Haven, I-91 sees a complex set of interchanges with the Wilbur Cross Parkway (Route 15), the Route 66 expressway, and its first spur route, I-691. I-691", "id": "8976770" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 15\n\n\nmore northeasterly in North Haven. Major junctions include the Milford Parkway (SR 796), a connector providing access to Interstate 95 and US 1 beginning just east of the Sikorsky Bridge; US 5 in Wallingford; and a complex set of interchanges in Meriden providing access to I-91, I-691, and the Route 66 expressway. The parkway ends about a mile north of I-691 as US 5 joins Route 15 and the road becomes a four-lane divided highway with signalized and at-grade intersections known as the Berlin Turnpike. After", "id": "14881517" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 66\n\n\nthe expressway from US 5 in Meriden to Middlefield (where the current expressway ends) opened to traffic. By 1968, the US 6A designation was removed and split into several routes. The section from I-84 in Southington to US 6 in Columbia was renumbered as Route 66, including the newly opened freeway segment. In 1971, another section of the Route 66 freeway opened from between Route 322 and US 5. In 1987, with the completion of the freeway connection to I-84, the section of Route 66 west of I-91 was", "id": "16691099" }, { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\naccess to Route 15 North for eastbound traffic. Exit 7 provides access to Downtown Meriden. Westbound traffic exits onto State Street Extension, while eastbound traffic enters onto Columbia Street. Exits 6 and 5 provide access to Route 71, as well as access to Westfield Meriden. Exit 6 exits to Lewis Avenue, while Exit 5 exits directly to Route 71. From here, I-691 passes along the north side of Hubbard Park as well as by Castle Craig before it crosses into Southington. It then meets the eastern end of Route 322", "id": "767381" }, { "contents": "Interstate 291 (Connecticut)\n\n\nInterstate 291 (I-291) is a short Interstate Highway in the state of Connecticut that starts at I-91 at its junction with Route 218 in Windsor and ends at I-84 in Manchester. It serves as a northeastern bypass of Hartford. The official length of I-291 is , including of the exit ramp to the merge with eastbound I-84. I-291 is also known as the Vietnam Veterans Memorial Highway for its entire length. I-291 begins at I-91 in Windsor at an interchange that also provides access to and from Route 218. Heading southeast, I-291", "id": "4834367" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 in Connecticut\n\n\ncity of Waterbury, where it intersects the Route 8 expressway and crosses the Naugatuck River on an elevated dual-decked viaduct known locally as The Mixmaster. After passing through Cheshire, I-84 intersects the western end of I-691 at the Cheshire–Southington town line, which is also the New Haven–Hartford county line. I-84 turns more northerly for a stretch to exit 31 (Route 229), which provides access to Lake Compounce Amusement Park and ESPN World Headquarters. The freeway heads more northeasterly to Plainville, where it has a", "id": "14727149" }, { "contents": "Interstate 384\n\n\nInterstate 384 (I-384) is an Interstate Highway located entirely within the state of Connecticut. It runs east to west, going from Interstate 84 in East Hartford to U.S. Route 6/U.S. Route 44 in Bolton. I-384 officially begins at I-84 eastbound Exit 59 at the East Hartford/Manchester town line, as the right 2 lanes of traffic split from the I-84 mainline. The highway can also be accessed from the I-84 eastbound HOV lane, and westbound I-384 traffic can also access the HOV lane on westbound I-84. Westbound I-84", "id": "10503364" }, { "contents": "Special routes of U.S. Route 6\n\n\n6A from Plymouth–Farmington, this became US 6A. This US 6A was subsequently extended through Meriden to Willimantic along modern Route 66. An expressway upgrade was planned for this US 6A. Only a portion of the highway was built and is now I-691. U.S. Route 6A (US 6A) between Coventry and Windham was designated when New England Interstate Route 3 (NE-3) was deleted. The route was swapped with the old US 6 in 1939 and finally deleted in 1942 when US 6A became Route 31. U.S. Route 6A (US", "id": "10795785" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 (Pennsylvania–Massachusetts)\n\n\nNew Milford. Route 6 leaves the interstate at the next exit, and I-84 continues east across the countryside. At Exit 11, it turns to the northeast and descends to cross the Housatonic River on the Rochambeau Bridge, into New Haven County. It then climbs onto higher ground to the city of Waterbury, which it passes on an elevated viaduct with the eastbound and westbound lanes on different levels. Here the CT 8 expressway intersects. The eastern heading continues past Waterbury to Milldale, where Interstate 691 splits off to the east", "id": "12185438" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 120\n\n\nRoute 120 is a state highway in Connecticut, running entirely in the town of Southington. It serves as a more direct connection between the town center of Southington and the city of Meriden. Route 120 begins at an intersection with Route 322 in southeastern Southington, just west of the Meriden city line and about from an interchange with I-691. It heads in a northwest direction, crossing Misery Brook about later, passing by the St. Thomas Cemetery, then intersecting with Route 364 after another . Route 120 ends at an intersection with Route", "id": "21983096" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 322\n\n\nmeets Route 10 at a grade separated intersection. It briefly crosses into Cheshire before crossing the Quinnipiac River and reentering southeastern Southington. It meets the southern end of Route 120 before ending at an interchange with I-691 near the Southington-Meriden town line. The road continues into Meriden as West Main Street. Route 322 was established in 1963, running from Route 69 to then US 6A (Meriden Road) in Wolcott. The year before becoming a signed route, Route 322 was taken over by the state and designated as unsigned SR", "id": "8420887" }, { "contents": "Interstate 91\n\n\n. As such, it is almost always heavily trafficked (especially during rush hour), and maintains at least three lanes in each direction through Connecticut except for a short portion in Hartford at the interchange with I-84 and in Meriden at the interchange with Route 15. The three cities also serve as Connecticut's control points along its length of the Interstate. I-91 begins just east of downtown New Haven at an interchange with I-95 (the Connecticut Turnpike), and Route 34. At the bottom of the ramp for exit 5,", "id": "8976769" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 66\n\n\nIt ran from the Milldale section of Southington, via Meriden and Middletown, to Willimantic. In the 1932 state highway renumbering, old Highway 111 was designated as part of Route 14, which extended from Woodbury to the Rhode Island state line. In 1941, the section of Route 14 from Woodbury to Willimantic was redesignated as US 6A, connecting at US 6 on both ends. In the early 1960s, plans for constructing a US 6A expressway between I-84 in Southington and Willimantic were announced. By 1966, a short portion of", "id": "16691098" }, { "contents": "Interstate 66\n\n\nfrom eastbound I-66 to the West Falls Church Metro station at the Leesburg Pike (Virginia State Route 7) interchange and will provide a new bridge for the W&OD Trail over Lee Highway (Virginia State Route 29). In Washington D.C., I-66 was planned to extend east of its current terminus along the North Leg of the Inner Loop freeway. I-66 would have also met the eastern terminus of a planned Interstate 266 at US 29, and the western terminus of the South Leg Freeway (I-695) at US 50; I-266 would", "id": "9038810" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 10\n\n\n. It then turns north onto Dixwell Avenue, and intersects the Wilbur Cross Parkway (Route 15) at Exit 60. In the center of Hamden, it turns onto Whitney Avenue. Proceeding northward, it encounters the northern end of the Route 40 freeway and the western end of Route 22 . In Cheshire, it meets the eastern end of Route 42, and has a brief triplex with Routes 68 and 70. At the north end of town is a junction with I-691 at Exit 3. It then enters Southington, where", "id": "16098035" }, { "contents": "Interstate 80 in Iowa\n\n\nthe east at the Jordan Creek Parkway exit. The highway adds a third lane eastbound and drops the third lane westbound. Almost to the east is the interchange with I-35, which also marks the beginning of I-235. Eastbound I-80 exits the freeway via a flyover ramp to northbound I-35; eastbound I-235 begins as the continuation of the I-80 freeway. Locally, this exit is called the West Mixmaster. I-80 shares the next with I-35 on a six-lane freeway where each direction's three lanes are separated by a Jersey barrier.", "id": "3837266" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 68\n\n\nto its junction with I-91 at Exit 15. After overpassing I-91 and passing a couple of business parks, Route 68 becomes a 2 lane road once again. It then enters Durham, where it passes the southern end of Route 157 before ending at Route 17 in the center of town. The road connecting Naugatuck and Cheshire was designated in 1922 as State Highway 325. In the 1932 state highway renumbering, former Highway 325 was renumbered to Route 68. The route was later extended east to Middlefield in 1966 along former SR 607", "id": "3645090" }, { "contents": "Interstate 480 (Nebraska–Iowa)\n\n\nLeavenworth neighborhood from the Old Market neighborhood. Shortly after the Leavenworth Street exit is the Harney Street exit, which provides access to U.S. Route 6 from eastbound I-480. before the North Freeway interchange, I-480 passes beneath Dodge and Douglas Streets, which are the westbound and eastbound lanes of U.S. 6, respectively. Just to the southwest of the Creighton University campus is the North Freeway interchange, where US 75 leaves eastbound I-480 and joins westbound. The North Freeway was originally planned to be an Interstate Highway, \"I-580\", connecting", "id": "10317788" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nExit 110 leading to the I-40 frontage road along the eastbound lanes, which suddenly becomes a divided highway named \"Route 66.\" The first intersection is a connecting road to the parts of the interchange with the eastbound on-ramp, as well as the frontage roads along the westbound lanes, leading to the western terminus of the business loop. Shortly after this is the barely paved Carson County Road BB. The divided highway ends just west of TX FM 295 and Carson County Road CC (Western Avenue), and gains", "id": "294168" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 in New York\n\n\n6 and 202 closely parallel I-84 to the north, between the freeway and one of the upper basins of East Branch Reservoir, part of New York City's water supply system. The northern terminus of NY 121 lets eastbound traffic on and westbound traffic off. Two miles (3.2 km) to the east, Signs appear for Saw Mill Road, exit 1 on Connecticut's stretch of I-84, and its ramps leave the highway just a hundred feet (30 m) before the state line. The route of I-84 through the", "id": "995373" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 34\n\n\nLegion Avenue, later becoming South Frontage Road (former Oak Street), while westbound Route 34 uses North Frontage Road. The eastbound section running along Legion Avenue and South Frontage Road (1.03 miles) is town-maintained. The corresponding westbound section along North Frontage Road is officially designated as State Road 706 but is signed as Route 34 West. Route 34 then continues along the Oak Street Connector, a six-lane freeway that connects to I-91 and I-95. The freeway portion has two westbound exits and three eastbound entrances,", "id": "5492586" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nfor BL-40, because south of this intersection is an approach to a westbound on-eastbound off wye interchange with I-40. Immediately after this intersection, BL-40 ends at an eastbound on-westbound off wye interchange with I-40. The Clinton business loop of Interstate 40 is the fourth business route of I-40 in Oklahoma, running from exit 65 to exit 69, although only part of the route runs along former US 66. The route begins at exit 65, which is an eastbound flyover with no re-entry, and a westbound", "id": "294183" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nand maintenance facility, and then leaves the frontage road at the on ramp to eastbound I-40, where it meets its terminus. The frontage roads along both sides of I-40 continue through three more interchanges before crossing the Texas-Oklahoma State Line. The Erick business loop of Interstate 40 is the first business route of I-40 in Oklahoma. It begins on exit 5 (Honeyfarm Drive) and runs south into North 1720th Road until that street ends at a four-lane divided highway known as East 1240th Road (former Route 66)", "id": "294176" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 542\n\n\nRoute 542 (also known as Ferguson Road) is a state road in northern Connecticut. It is contained inside the town of Vernon. It runs from Route 533 to Route 541. Route 542 begins at Route 543 (Tunnel Road) in the central portion of the town of Vernon. It then heads east for about before intersecting with exit 66 on Interstate 84 (I-84}. Only travelers on westbound I-84 can exit onto Route 542, and that travelers on Route 542 can only get onto westbound I-84. About from the", "id": "1160744" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 71\n\n\nas it intersects West Main Street. While southbound traffic may continue from West Main Street onto Cook Avenue, northbound traffic must turn right onto Hanover Street, then left onto South Grove Street, and left onto West Main Street to continue. Once reunited, Route 71 proceeds west on West Main Street before turning north onto Chamberlain Highway. It then crosses I-691 at Exit 5, with access to and from the west. It then crosses into Berlin, passing the eastern end of Route 364 before turning northeast as the Chamberlain Highway becomes", "id": "18857060" }, { "contents": "Interstate 91\n\n\nparallels the river, never more than from its shore. I-91 then enters the Hartford city limits. In Hartford, I-91 it has a set of interchanges with US 5/Route 15 (Wilbur Cross Highway), which provides access from I-91 north to I-84 east, and from I-84 west to I-91 south via the Charter Oak Bridge. I-91 then has an interchange with I-84, where all other movements to and from I-84 take place. Before leaving the city limits, an HOV lane begins that has its own set of interchanges", "id": "8976772" }, { "contents": "Interstate 210 (Louisiana)\n\n\nShip Channel. At the southeastern end of the bridge, the highway meets with exit 3, Prien Lake Road, eastbound. I-210 heads east through Lake Charles, turning 90 degrees at exit 8, LA 14/Gerstner Memorial Drive. The highway then heads north towards its eastern terminus with I-10 just east of Lake Charles. Though portions of the freeway run north-south, the entire route is signed east-west. All of I-210 is included as part of the National Highway System, a system of roadways important to", "id": "2671252" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 95 in California\n\n\nChemehuevi Mountains before entering the city of Needles after several miles. After passing the Needles Municipal Airport, US 95 merges onto I-40 westbound and continues through Needles on the freeway. US 95 exits from I-40 west of Needles and continues northwest to Searchlight Junction, where US 95 continues north at the junction with the old routing of US 66. The highway continues north, east of Homer Mountain, to the Nevada state line. US 95 is part of the California Freeway and Expressway System, and a small portion near I-10 and the", "id": "21402148" }, { "contents": "Interstate 66\n\n\nInterstate 66 (I-66) is an Interstate Highway in the eastern United States. As indicated by its even route number, it runs in an east–west direction. Its current western terminus is near Middletown, Virginia, at an interchange with I-81; its eastern terminus is in Washington, D.C., at an interchange with U.S. Route 29. Because of its terminus in the Shenandoah Valley, the highway was once called the \"Shenandoah Freeway.\" Much of the route parallels U.S. Route 29 or Virginia State Route 55. Interstate", "id": "9038774" }, { "contents": "Interstate 95 in Connecticut\n\n\nof around 150,000 throughout the entire length between the New York state line and the junction with I-91 in New Haven. The Turnpike intersects with several major expressways, namely US 7 at Exit 15 in Norwalk, Route 8 and Route 25 at Exit 27A in Bridgeport (quickest way to I-84 from southwest CT), the Merritt and Wilbur Cross Parkways at Exit 38 (via the Milford Parkway) in Milford, and Interstate 91 at Exit 48 in New Haven. North (east) of I-91, the Turnpike continues along the Connecticut", "id": "5620386" }, { "contents": "Missouri Route 96\n\n\nRoute 96 was redesignated as Route YY west of Route 171 when Kansas deleted the eastern part of K-96. Route 96 begins at a partial interchange with Interstate 44 (I-44) just west of Halltown (there is no access to westbound I-44 or from eastbound I-44). The highway is a two-lane road and is relatively straight all the way to Carthage. Approximately west of I-44 is the western terminus of Route 266. Approximately further west, Route 96 is joined by Historic Route 66. At Albatross, is an intersection", "id": "11824778" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nI-40, and the former segment of US 66 along the north side continues as one of the two I-40 frontage roads. The Amarillo business loop of Interstate 40 begins at I-40 exit 62A just west of Amarillo. The highway was formerly a business route for Route 66, being that highway's only bannered route in Texas. Bus. I-40 D is known locally as Amarillo Boulevard and is the longest buisness route of Interstate 40. Bus. I-40 D begins at Interstate 40 exit 62A just west of Amarillo near Cadillac Ranch. The", "id": "294164" }, { "contents": "Interstate 540 and North Carolina Highway 540\n\n\nto the Western Wake Freeway and future Southern and Eastern Wake Freeways. As of January 2013, the North Carolina state route traverses east–west from I-40, in Durham County to NC 55, in Holly Springs. Initially intended to be signed as an extension of the I-540 loop, the first section of the route bears mile markers and exit numbers for the complete Interstate loop, going from 66 to 69. In Mid-2012, this section of the beltway became part of the Triangle Expressway. No portion of I-540 is tolled.", "id": "6204061" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 229\n\n\nRoute 229 is a state highway in the western Greater Hartford area of the U.S. state of Connecticut. It runs north–south from Interstate 84 in Southington to U.S. Route 6 in Bristol. Along the way, it intersects Route 72 in the Forestville section of Bristol. Route 229 nominally begins at the end of the eastbound Exit 31 off-ramp of I-84 in western Southington, heading northward along West Street. State maintenance and the official southern end of Route 229 actually begins about south of the off-ramp. West Street", "id": "7429975" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nwhich focuses on the roads former status as Route 66. The commercial strip ends after a dirt road named North Tennessee Street. \"Route 66\" splits from East 12th Street at an intersection that's another connecting road to the eastbound off-ramp of Exit 164, the then runs over the overpass above I-40 to turn right at the frontage road along the westbound lanes leading to the western beginning of the business loop. Eastbound Business Interstate Route 40-J narrows down to a two-lane undivided highway before passing by a TxDOT construction", "id": "294175" }, { "contents": "Highway revolts in the United States\n\n\nInterstate 291 beltway west of Interstate 91, the proposed Interstate 484 expressway through the downtown, and the proposed Interstate 284 expressway between East Hartford and South Windsor, and Interstate 491 from Wethersfield to Manchester. After these freeways were cancelled, the State of Connecticut used the funds allocated for their construction to rebuild and expand existing freeways in the Greater Hartford area. In 1992 the Route 9 Expressway was extended north from I-91 in New Britain to Interstate 84 in Farmington, completing what would have been the southwest quadrant of the I-291 beltway;", "id": "256037" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 in Connecticut\n\n\nthe northern end of the Route 15 expressway, it inherits the Wilbur Cross Highway name for the rest of its length. From 1968 until 1984, the I-84 designation ended here, and the highway became I-86 for the rest of its length, as I-84 was once planned to be built east toward Providence, Rhode Island. I-84 intersects one of the remnants of the abandoned project, I-384, as part of a series of complex interchanges in Manchester including the end of the US 6 concurrency at exit 60, and a connection to", "id": "14727152" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nfrontage roads along the westbound lanes leading to the western beginning of the business loop, and an unorthodox roadside attraction known as the Leaning Tower of Texas. Business Interstate Route 40-F ends at the on ramp to eastbound I-40, as does the divided former US 66, which is converted back into the frontage road along the eastbound lanes of I-40. The McLean business loop of Interstate 40 runs from exit 141 to 143. Officially designated as Business Interstate 40-H by the Texas Department of Transportation, it begins at I-40 at an eastbound flyover", "id": "294170" }, { "contents": "Maryland Route 53\n\n\nstate highway then meets its northern terminus at an intersection with US 40 Alternate in La Vale. Access to westbound I-68 is provided a short distance to the east on US 40 Alternate. MD 53 is part of US 220 Truck, which provides access from Interstate 68 (I-68) west of La Vale to southbound US 220 for trucks due to a truck prohibition on the eastbound exit ramp for I-68's interchange with US 220. The state highway is part of the main National Highway System from US 220 to I-68; in addition", "id": "11898711" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 84\n\n\nend street at the truck stop along the aforementioned frontage road. Interstate 84 Business was a business loop of I-84 along in Morgan, Utah. It ran north along Utah State Route 66 at Exit 103 (State Street) to East 600th Street running along the north side of I-84 until the former westbound-off-ramp and eastbound on-ramp that was once westbound Exit 103 until the mid-1990s. Interstate 84 Business was a business loop of I-84 along in Henefer, Utah. It ran southeast along the southwest side of I-84", "id": "6061978" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 5 in Connecticut\n\n\nStreet becomes Broad Street after the intersection with Hall Avenue as it passes by the eastern part of the city, avoiding the downtown area. Past Olive Street, the road becomes divided with a wide grassy median. At the north end of the divided section, it has an intersection with East Main Street, the main east–west business route through the city. About north of East Main Street, US 5 has an interchange with I-691 (at exit 8). At the intersection with Brittania Street, the road becomes North Broad", "id": "5428414" }, { "contents": "Interstate 91\n\n\nthe river can also be easily accessed in this stretch. At exit 19 is the northern terminus of I-93, a major interstate highway in New England, which provides a direct route south through the White Mountains and to almost all major cities in New Hampshire. Just after exit 19, there are three exits for St. Johnsbury, including a major intersection with US 2. Along westbound US 2, the capital of Vermont, Montpelier, is eventually reached from I-91, although I-89 provides Montpelier with immediate Interstate access. I-91 continues northward", "id": "8976783" }, { "contents": "Massachusetts Turnpike\n\n\nand the seventh-longest gap between exits in the entire Interstate Highway System. The highest elevation on the turnpike exists in The Berkshires, reaching above sea level in Becket; this point is also the highest elevation on I-90 east of South Dakota. Beyond the peak elevation and between the exits, an eastbound runaway truck ramp exists in Russell. The turnpike has an interchange with I-91 and US 5 at exit 4 in West Springfield; it passes over the Connecticut River before reaching Route 33 at exit 5 and I-291 at exit 6", "id": "8595595" }, { "contents": "County Route 66 (California)\n\n\ncrossing paths with the freeway again at Fenner, before heading east on Goffs Road to the junction with US 95. Next, CR 66 cosigns along US 95 south to the junction with I-40, where both the US and county routes cosign with I-40 heading east towards Needles. CR 66 exits the freeway at River Road Cutoff, where it immediately turns onto National Trails Highway after exiting. The route follows National Trails Highway to its end on River Road, then begins its southeast journey into downtown Needles. After an interchange with I-40", "id": "21979064" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 (Pennsylvania–Massachusetts)\n\n\n. This section has many left-hand exits and entrances and sharp curves, which were built for a planned network of freeways. I-84 heads northeast towards New Britain and Hartford, the state capital and the largest community along its eastern length. After intersecting Interstate 91, the road crosses the Connecticut River on the Bulkeley Bridge, oldest on the Interstate system, then becomes the Wilbur Cross Highway and continues towards the northeast. The last exit in Connecticut is Exit 74, an exit for Route 171. I-84 crosses the Massachusetts border", "id": "12185439" }, { "contents": "Rhode Island Route 4\n\n\n. After exit 7, Route 4 continues northward as a six-lane expressway, passing farmlands to the west and entering a suburban region of East Greenwich. The highway crosses under an overpass at Middle Road before interchanging with Route 401, the freeway's final spur, at another partial cloverleaf interchange. Exit 8 is also used to access Route 2 and I-95 south, which has no direct freeway connection with Route 4 north. Shortly after exit 8, the Route 4 designation ends and the mainline of the highway defaults onto I-95", "id": "14737226" }, { "contents": "Cromwell, Connecticut\n\n\nis land and (4.03%) is water. A major north/south highway, Interstate 91, with two Cromwell exits, runs through the Town. The Central Connecticut Expressway (Route 9), opened at the end of 1989, enhances the Town's location as it connects I-95 in Old Saybrook, I-91 in Cromwell and I-84, the State's major east/west highway in New Britain. As of the census of 2010, there were 14,005 people, 5,212 households, and 3,262 families residing in the town.", "id": "17977773" }, { "contents": "Interstate 190 (South Dakota)\n\n\n16 westbound goes east on Omaha Street and eastbound runs north concurrently with I-190. I-190 then becomes a freeway, with an exit to North Street. I-190 then passes under Anamosa Street before an on-ramp from the northbound lanes of West Boulevard. Both US 16 and I-190 then terminate at a trumpet interchange with I-90/US 14/SD 79. Legally, the route of I-190 is defined at South Dakota Codified Laws § 31-4-203. I-190 was opened in 1962 to connect Rapid City to the recently completed", "id": "2672231" }, { "contents": "Interstate 210 and State Route 210 (California)\n\n\nfor the interchange between State Route 57 and the Foothill Freeway, Interstate 210. The \"curve\" portion refers to the interchange from the northbound lanes of State Route 57 to the westbound lanes of I-210, and from the eastbound lanes of I-210 to the southbound lanes of State Route 57. The origin of the name comes from its location in the city of Glendora. Prior to 2002, this interchange was entirely part of I-210, and the eastern terminus of I-210 ended several miles south of the curve at the Kellogg Interchange at", "id": "2671217" }, { "contents": "Interstate 78 in New Jersey\n\n\nEntering more commercial areas, Route 173 merges onto I-78/US 22 at exit 13. At exit 15, the highway interchanges with CR 513, and Route 173 splits from I-78/US 22 by heading north on CR 513. At this point, the freeway enters Franklin Township briefly at exit 15 and then enters Clinton where it crosses the South Branch Raritan River. I-78/US 22 turns northeast and leaves Clinton for Clinton Township, where it has an eastbound exit and westbound entrance for Route 173 that also provides access to", "id": "16353900" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 15\n\n\nlimits, the business route veers onto Center Street and follows that through the center of town. At the north end of the city, I-15 Bus. turns west and runs concurrently with US 30 to its northern end at I-15 Exit 47. Interstate 15 Business runs for exactly through Inkom in northern Bannock County. I-15 Bus. mostly follows Old Highway 91 between Exits 57 and 58, a pair of partial interchanges. Interstate 15 Business spans through Pocatello in northern Bannock County. I-15 Bus. begins at I-15 Exit 67, where", "id": "15434019" }, { "contents": "Interstate 10 in California\n\n\nI-10 down Interstate 5 between the East LA Interchange and the Santa Monica Freeway, negating a section of the San Bernardino Freeway west of I-5. This short section of Route 10 between Route 5 and Route 101, which was formerly defined as Route 110 (signed as Interstate 110) until 1968, is signed overhead for I-10 eastbound and for U.S. 101 westbound. This I-5/I-10 cosigning is consistent with the Federal Highway Administration's Interstate Highway route logs that such an overlap exists for the segment of I-10 in California. I-10 is", "id": "10298840" }, { "contents": "Nevada State Route 425\n\n\ncenter of Verdi, then southeast to its terminus at the I-80 East Verdi interchange (Exit 5). Although designated a state route and an Interstate business route, there are no route shields posted along the highway itself. The I-80 business route extends beyond the end of SR 425. From the highway's western terminus, I-80 Business follows Gold Ranch Road an additional south to end at an I-80 westbound onramp. The highway originally carried State Route 1 and later U.S. Route 40 on its trek west from Reno over Donner Pass towards", "id": "5840323" }, { "contents": "Interstate 516\n\n\ncurrent western terminus of I-516. In 1985, the entire highway from its then-current western terminus at Burnsed Blvd to Montgomery Street was designated as I-516. The freeway portion was extended westward to the interchange with SR 25 (Burnsed Blvd) and eastward to the current eastern terminus. Also US 17/SR 25 and US 80/SR 26 were re-routed along the freeway, from the West Bay Street exit to the Ogeechee Road exit. In 1995, US 17 had a major re-routing through the city", "id": "10860994" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 15\n\n\nState Route 28. Interstate 15 Business is a Business loop of Interstate 15 in Bringham City, and is also concurrent with Business Loop 84. It runs from an interchange at Exit 362 on I-15/84 at first along U.S. Route 91 to the intersection with U.S. Route 89 and UT 13. US 91 continues east along US 89, while BL 15/84 turns left to go north along UT 13 (South Main Street). Further in town, the road serves as the west end of Utah State Route 90. At Forest Street,", "id": "15434015" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 95 in Nevada\n\n\nthe Henderson Spaghetti Bowl (also known as the Hender-Bender) interchange of Interstate 215 and SR 564 and Interstate 515 begins. The freeway then heads west into Downtown Las Vegas, where it intersects Interstate 15. At the Spaghetti Bowl interchange, US 93 follows I-15 northbound and I-515 ends. US 95 heads west, then north at the Rainbow Curve. The freeway portion then ends at Corn Creek Road northwest of the Las Vegas Valley and then it becomes a brief four-lane divided highway. US 95 exits Clark County", "id": "7359006" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 15\n\n\nwhen it turns east onto Alameda Road, which becomes Pocatello Creek Road when it veers northeast to the business route's terminus at I-15 Exit 71. Interstate 15 Business has a length of through Blackfoot in central Bingham County. I-15 Bus. begins at I-15 Exit 89 near the northern end of the Fort Hall Indian Reservation and follows US 91 northeast parallel to the Union Pacific Railroad. The highways cross the Blackfoot River into the city of Blackfoot along Broadway Street. In downtown Blackfoot, the routes veer onto Main Street, then I-15", "id": "15434021" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 50 in Maryland\n\n\neastbound exit. Following this interchange, US 50 passes office parks and industrial development in New Carrollton. The highway reaches a hybrid turbine interchange with I-95/I-495, the Capital Beltway. At the I-95/I-495 interchange, the US 50 freeway becomes part of the Interstate Highway System as I-595, which is an unsigned highway. The road heads east as an ten-lane freeway, with the left lane in each direction designated as a high-occupancy vehicle lane (HOV lane). The freeway passes near residential development and", "id": "21110676" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nloop of Interstate 40 is the third business route of I-40 in Oklahoma. It runs northeast along former US 66 from eastbound exit 32 and turns east after the beginning of an overlap with OK 6 that runs along the route until OK 6 turns south at North Main Street. From there it snakes through the northeastern part of the city and after the intersection with OK 34 finally terminates with I-40 at westbound exit 41. The route begins at a left exit in a wye interchange with Interstate 40, which also serves as a connection", "id": "294180" }, { "contents": "Iowa Highway 330\n\n\nused as a connector between Des Moines and the Waterloo–Cedar Falls area. Iowa 330 begins at an interchange with Interstate 80 (I-80), U.S. Route 6 (US 6), and US 65 in Altoona. The I-80 freeway runs east–west; US 6 comes up from the southwest along Hubbell Avenue and joins eastbound I-80 while US 65 exits eastbound I-80 and turns onto Hubbell heading northeast. For the first of its routing, Iowa 330 shares the same roadway with US 65. The two routes head northeast on", "id": "10381823" }, { "contents": "Interstate 180 (Pennsylvania)\n\n\nat an interchange with U.S. Route 15 and U.S. Route 220. The highway begins its signage, concurrent along these routes. At exit 27A, US 15 leaves the overlap running south across the Carl E. Stotz Memorial Little League Bridge and I-180 continues eastward, still concurrent with US 220 northbound. From there, I-180 runs along the West Branch Susquehanna River until the highway reaches the eastern suburbs of Williamsport, where US 220 leaves the Interstate via exit 15. From US 220 to the eastern terminus, I-180 is aligned north–south", "id": "4494305" }, { "contents": "Interstate 76 (Ohio–New Jersey)\n\n\nJersey. After I-76 reaches its eastern terminus, the freeway continues as Route 42 and the Atlantic City Expressway to Atlantic City. I-76 begins at I-71 at exit 209, east of Lodi, Ohio; U.S. Route 224 (US 224) continues west from the end of I-76. The interchange was previously a double trumpet, but was reconstructed in 2010. Officially, I-76 begins at the beginning of the ramp from I-71 north; it merges with US 224 at mile 0.61. After passing through rural Medina County, I-76 enters Summit", "id": "12185505" }, { "contents": "Interstate 215 (Utah)\n\n\ninterchange features a grade-separated ramp from northbound 2000 East to eastbound I-215. Past this junction, another interchange at Union Park Avenue appears. Another grade-separated ramp from Union Park Avenue is present. The freeway enters Murray as an interchange serving westbound motorists connects to 280 East and State Street (U.S. Route 89, or US-89). Eastbound travelers connect to State Street further west at a separate exit. The road turns northwest for a short time to approach a junction at I-15 (often called the South Interchange).", "id": "9551591" }, { "contents": "List of state routes in Connecticut\n\n\n. Routes are signed state highways and are assigned numbers from 1 to 399 (with the exception of I-684 and I-691). All state, U.S. and Interstate highways are part of the same numbering system. In 1926, the U.S. highway system was implemented. U.S. Routes 1, 5, 6, and 7 were used as designations on several primary state highways, replacing New England routes 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. The other New England routes that were not re-designated as U.S. routes became ordinary", "id": "5492536" }, { "contents": "Interstate 291 (Massachusetts)\n\n\ndirectly through highly populated areas of Springfield, and passes under several overpasses. From its southwestern terminus to exit 5A, Interstate 291 is concurrent with U.S. Route 20. I-291 is only from Interstate 291 in Connecticut, and there are no intervening Interstate Highway interchanges between them. It can be easy for travelers to become confused between the two highways. Interstate 291 begins as a spur of Interstate 91 at Exit 8 in Springfield, concurrent with U.S. 20, which merges from the north. The two entry ramps from I-91 merge with each", "id": "1778230" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 15\n\n\nprovides access to the end of the Sprinter commuter train line. Shortly thereafter, I-15 Business intersects County Route S14, and then interchanges with State Route 78. The interchange is the last interchange on the 78 before its freeway status ends, and there are only ramps for a westbound entrance or eastbound exit. Continuing north, I-15 Business intersects with El Norte Parkway, a major arterial road, before reconnecting with Interstate 15 at I-15 exit 34 near the northern city limits of Escondido. Though the street itself continues northward well on into", "id": "15434009" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 9\n\n\nSaybrook to I-91 in Cromwell is known as the \"Chester Bowles Highway\". The section from I-91 in Cromwell to Exit 24 in Berlin is known as the \"Korean War Veterans Memorial Highway\". The section from Route 72 in New Britain to Route 175 in Newington is known as the \"Taras Shevchenko Expressway\". The section from Route 175 in Newington to the junction with I-84 is known as the \"Iwo Jima Memorial Expressway\". The road connecting Deep River (then known as Saybrook) and Wethersfield along the west", "id": "15881247" }, { "contents": "Colorado State Highway 74\n\n\nthe Evergreen Parkway segment to four lanes and constructing an interchange with I-70. SH 74 begins at an interchange with I-70 in El Rancho. Ramps from I-70 westbound branch off the freeway's exit 252 from the north side and cross the highway southwestward. Access to SH 74 from I-70 eastbound is provided via U.S. Highway 40 (US 40) a slight distance to the west. From I-70, the roadway heads southwesterly through El Rancho, meeting an intersection with US 40 (Swede Gulch Road). The route heads westward before turning", "id": "12873578" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 84\n\n\nsoutheast corner of that intersection, and the contemporary but still traditional Brigham City Utah Temple on the southwest corner. UT 13 ends at the southern terminus of the overlap of US 89/91, and BL-15/84 makes a sharp right turn along southbound US 91, while South Main Street is taken over by southbound US 89. US 91/BL-15/84 runs west along West 1100th Street South. BL-15/84 ends at Exit 362, a diverging diamond interchange with I-15/84, while West 1100th Street South continues into the I-15 frontage road, and becomes a dead", "id": "6061977" }, { "contents": "Interstate 384\n\n\naccess to I-384 is provided through a complex interchange that also provides access from Pleasant Valley Road near Buckland Hills Mall and from I-291. I-384's first exit is for Spencer Street. The eastbound ramp is on the I-384 mainline, while the westbound ramp comes from a split in the I-84 interchange ramp. Just east of the Spencer Street overpass, the ramp from westbound I-84 joins the I-384 mainline and the HOV lane becomes a conventional lane. I-384 continues along the southern part of Manchester. It has one interchange before it intersects Route", "id": "10503365" }, { "contents": "Interstate 78 in New Jersey\n\n\ninto Springfield Township. The freeway passes near First Watchung Mountain before coming to the Route 24 interchange, where suburban development becomes more dense. At Route 24, I-78 divides into local and express lanes, with three express and three local lanes eastbound and two express and three local lanes westbound. In this section of the highway, most access is via the local lanes, though the next exit for Route 124 includes a direct westbound onramp to the express lanes. Before Route 124, I-78 briefly runs east through Millburn in Essex County", "id": "16353906" }, { "contents": "California State Route 237\n\n\n85. Westbound traffic can connect to Route 85 southbound, but the eastbound traffic connection to Route 85 northbound is labeled as an exit for U.S. 101. Route 237 intersects with Highway 101 at the southern corner of Moffett Field. After this intersection, a carpool lane is added, for a total of three lanes in either direction. It remains like this until the east end of the freeway at Interstate 880, where most eastbound traffic is directed to northbound I-880. The route then becomes a city street (an arterial road)", "id": "9003349" }, { "contents": "Massachusetts Route 141\n\n\nas Easthampton Road, crossing roads south of Mount Tom. Crossing through the Rock Valley section of Holyoke, the highway passes south of the Whiting Reservoir and Wyckoff Country Club, entering the Smiths Valley section. Through Smiths Valley, Route 141 runs southeast through a residential neighborhood, reaching a ramp to Interstate 91 southbound (I-91 exit 17). After another turn, the route crosses into a trumpet interchange with I-91 northbound, becoming a one-way couplet through downtown Holyoke. Route 141 eastbound runs along Dwight Street while Route 141", "id": "2532205" }, { "contents": "Interstate 295 (Delaware–Pennsylvania)\n\n\nof Penndel. Following this interchange, the freeway runs south-southeast near suburban residential areas as it heads west of Levittown. I-295 enters Bristol Township and terminates at an interchange with I-95 at I-276 (Pennsylvania Turnpike). At this interchange, I-295 merges into southbound I-95, with access from westbound I-295 to southbound I-95 and from northbound I-95 to eastbound I-295; there are no ramps connecting I-295 and the Pennsylvania Turnpike. In the 1927 New Jersey state highway renumbering, Route 39 was legislated to begin at the Yardley–Wilburtha Bridge", "id": "9627779" }, { "contents": "James River Freeway\n\n\n. The portion of the James River Freeway between I-44 and the interchange with US 60 and Route 413 is designated as Route 360. Other than its endpoints, there is only one interchange on the route: Route MM in Brookline (now part of Republic). Exit markers for the highway mark the road as the James River Freeway and have no control cities, only \"To Route 60\" eastbound and \"To I-44\" westbound. The control cities between US 60 and US 65 are Republic westbound and Rogersville eastbound. At", "id": "6615288" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 6 in Rhode Island\n\n\nturns south on the I-295 collector/distributor roads to the west end of that freeway. The south interchange of US 6 and I-295 has numerous ramp stubs once intended for a western continuation of the Roberts Expressway as Interstate 84. The six-lane Roberts Expressway has interchanges with Route 5, U.S. Route 6A, Route 128, and US 6A again on its way to Olneyville. It crosses from Johnston into Providence just west of the bridge over Route 128. At the second US 6A interchange, the older Olneyville Bypass begins,", "id": "21794194" }, { "contents": "Flatbush Avenue Connector\n\n\nstate proposed the corridor as the Cedar Ridge Connector with no number, leading from its current terminus at I-84 to U.S. 5/Route 15 in Wethersfield. The short expressway planned to include an interchange with a planned but cancelled Route 71 expressway leading to New Britain. Circa 2015, the viaduct carrying the northbound ramp to Eastbound I-84 was removed, and a new alignment adjacent to the southbound off ramp from Westbound I-84 was built. Exit 45 is currently an incomplete interchange, with ramps only for I-84 westbound to SR 504 (left", "id": "5839909" }, { "contents": "Interstate 195 (New Jersey)\n\n\ndesignation west and south, along existing I-95 instead. I-195's western terminus is at a modified cloverleaf interchange with I-295 in Hamilton Township, Mercer County, located southeast of the city of Trenton. From this end, the freeway continues north into Trenton as Route 29. I-195 serves as the southern continuation of Route 29, continuing east from I-295 as a six-lane expressway, passing between suburban neighborhoods to the north and the Crosswicks Creek to the south. After the exit for US 206, the highway narrows to four lanes", "id": "14760197" }, { "contents": "Massachusetts Route 25\n\n\nRoute 25 west mainline onto Route 495 north, with the right-hand lane serving I-195 via Exit 1. From I-195, Route 25 east is accessible via Exit 22A; I-195 terminates at the interchange. Interstate 495 also terminates at its junction with Route 25; the two southbound lanes of I-495 default onto Route 25 east. After the interchange with I-195 and I-495, Route 25 begins to head in a southeastern direction into the town of Wareham as a six-lane freeway. The route passes under Tihonet Road and through Maple", "id": "18239659" }, { "contents": "California State Route 56\n\n\ncompleted in 1995 after several lawsuits filed by the Sierra Club and other community groups. The two ends were not connected until the middle portion of the freeway was completed in 2004. The delay was largely due to funding issues and environmental concerns. Eastbound SR 56 begins as a ramp from the northbound I-5's local bypass lanes. The interchange is not complete; southbound I-5 traffic must exit to Carmel Valley Road before entering SR 56. Westbound traffic on SR 56 merges into the southbound I-5 local bypass lanes, which provide access to", "id": "2729277" }, { "contents": "Utah State Route 161\n\n\nState Route 161 (SR-161) is a long state highway, designated as a rural major connector, completely within Millard County in central Utah. The highway connects Interstate 70 (I-70) to I-15 while providing service to historic Cove Fort. The route was once part of U.S. Route 91 (US-91), but was renumbered to SR-161 in the 1970s, in parallel with the construction of I-70. Located entirely in southeastern Millard County, SR-161 starts at a diamond interchange with the westernmost exit on I-70 before it terminates at I-15.", "id": "14472451" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 in Connecticut\n\n\nbrief concurrency with Route 72 to the New Britain city line. From the Route 72 junction through Farmington, West Hartford, and into Hartford, I-84 has many left-hand exits and entrances and sharp curves, which were built for a planned network of freeways. In Farmington, US 6 joins I-84 once again at exit 38, and both meet the northern end of the Route 9 expressway at a half-used multi-level stack interchange that was originally planned to be part of the mostly-cancelled I-291 Hartford Beltway.", "id": "14727150" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 40\n\n\nan interchange. Route 40 begins from northbound I-91 in North Haven as the Exit 10 off-ramp. The designation runs for along the exit ramp. The expressway then proceeds northwest and is joined by on-ramps from Bailey Road and southbound I-91. The I-91 interchange includes an overpass over the Quinnipiac River and railroad tracks. About past the I-91 interchange, the road crosses over another set of railroad tracks, then has an interchange with U.S. Route 5. Access to and from US 5 is via Dixwell Avenue (SR 717", "id": "15644232" }, { "contents": "Interstate 695 (District of Columbia)\n\n\nsome remaining \"To I-395\" signage can still be found along I-695 westbound. The new signs designate I-695 as extending from the point where I-395 branches off from the Southeast Freeway, with I-695 continuing along the Southeast Freeway and over the new 11th Street Bridge to the interchange with I-295. However, some commentators contend the new signage is confusing and that the Southeast Freeway is often confused with Baltimore's Beltway, a highway with the same route designation. The entire route is in Washington, D.C. Exits were unnumbered until July 2014.", "id": "13815020" }, { "contents": "California State Route 91\n\n\nState Route 91 (SR 91) is a major east–west state highway in the U.S. state of California that serves several regions of the Greater Los Angeles urban area. A freeway throughout its entire length, it officially runs from Vermont Avenue in Gardena, just west of the junction with the Harbor Freeway (Interstate 110, I-110), east to Riverside at the junction with the Pomona (SR 60 west of SR 91) and Moreno Valley (SR 60 and I-215 east of SR 91) freeways. Though signs along", "id": "4945631" }, { "contents": "Tennessee State Route 182\n\n\nState Route 182 (abbreviated SR 182) is a secondary state highway in western Dyer County, Tennessee. This route is primarily rural in nature throughout its length. The first of SR 182 from its southern terminus with SR 104 to Interstate 155 is a modern two-lane facility with a speed limit. I-155 ended at Exit 7 during the 1970s and this section of SR 182 also served as a temporary link to SR 104 for eastbound motorists until the freeway was completed to Exit 15. SR 182 north of I-155 to its", "id": "12693771" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 4 in New Hampshire\n\n\nI-93 southbound, and runs along the freeway until Exit 15E in Concord. At this interchange, US-4 leaves I-93 and joins Interstate 393 and U.S. Route 202 which run eastbound out of the city. The two U.S. routes overlap I-393 to its terminus in the northern corner of Pembroke. I-393 then ends, and US-4/US-202 merge onto Route 9 eastbound through Chichester and into Epsom. The road crosses Route 28 at the Epsom Traffic Circle, then continues east and intersects Route 107, forming a long four-route concurrency into Northwood", "id": "19470164" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 9\n\n\nriver, it passes through the towns of Essex, Deep River, Chester, Haddam, and Middletown). After its junction with Interstate 91 in Cromwell, Route 9 continues westward then northward, running through the Hartford area towns/cities of Berlin, New Britain, Newington, and Farmington. At the junction with I-84/US 6 near the Farmington - West Hartford town line, Route 9 follows the ramps for eastbound I-84 and ends at the merge with I-84 immediately after crossing the town line. Route 9 has a non", "id": "15881245" }, { "contents": "Maryland Route 32\n\n\nCSX line) and several industrial parks in Annapolis Junction. MD 32 continues northwest into Savage, where the highway has a cloverleaf interchange with US 1 (Washington Boulevard) that includes collector-distributor lanes in both directions. North of Savage, the freeway has a partial cloverleaf interchange with I-95 that has a pair of left-exiting ramps from westbound MD 32 to southbound I-95 and from eastbound MD 32 to northbound I-95; because of these left exits, I-95 is configured differently in that its southbound lanes pass under MD 32 and", "id": "8470347" }, { "contents": "Interstate 95 in Massachusetts\n\n\nto eight lanes. Then the highway passes through Newton, then enters Weston and has a large interchange with the Massachusetts Turnpike (I-90) that provides connections to nearby Route 30. There is a fourth lane after the interchange with Route 9. Exits 23, 24, and 25 are one combined exit northbound. I-95 and Route 128 are due west of Boston at this point and begin to turn to the northeast, serving the city of Waltham and the town of Lexington along the way. The freeway has an interchange with Route", "id": "18993893" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 372\n\n\nthe Mattabesset River, intersecting I-91 at Exit 21. It then widens to 4 lanes, and intersects the northern end of Route 217. Farther east, it crosses Route 3 before meeting Route 9 once again at Exit 19. It then turns southeast to at an intersection with Route 99 at the Cromwell town center. Route 72 was established in the 1932 state highway renumbering between Route 66 in Middletown and Route 10 Plainville. By the beginning of 1963, after the implementation of the 1962 Route Reclassification Act, Route 72 was extended", "id": "8495485" }, { "contents": "Interstate 664\n\n\nhas a connection to Portsmouth through Virginia State Route 164 (SR 164) and to Suffolk via U.S. Route 13, US 58, and US 460. I-664 begins at a full Y interchange with I-64 and I-264 that serves as the terminus of all three Interstates in the Bowers Hill section of the city of Chesapeake. I-64 heads southeast as a continuation of the Hampton Roads Beltway through Chesapeake while I-264 heads east toward Portsmouth and Norfolk. I-664 heads west as an eight-lane freeway that has a southbound-only exit ramp to", "id": "13145352" }, { "contents": "Virginia State Route 194\n\n\ncloverleaf interchange with I-64 (Hampton Roads Beltway) that only contains ramps in the northeast and southwest quadrants of the interchange. Northbound SR 194 has an exit ramp to and an entrance ramp from westbound I-64. Southbound SR 194 has an exit ramp to and an entrance ramp from eastbound I-64. The missing connections with I-64 are made via SR 247 to the south and SR 165 (Little Creek Road) to the north of the Interstate. North of SR 165, SR 194 becomes a four-lane divided highway north to its", "id": "19152409" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nalphabetic values to allow for future system expansion. The alphabetic naming suffixes are included as small letters on the bottom of reassurance shields. The Glenrio business spur of Interstate 40 begins at I-40 on exit 0 just east of the New Mexico-Texas state line. The highway runs south from the interchange towards Former route 66, then turns west along that decommissioned route where it terminates at the Texas-New Mexico State Line. The Adrian business loop of Interstate 40 begins at I-40 at exit 22 and runs along Former route 66 to", "id": "294158" }, { "contents": "Vermont Route 103\n\n\nand slightly better road across the Green Mountains to Rutland, it is a direct east–west road intersecting Interstate 91 significantly north of the diagonal 103. Numerous proposals to widen 103 into a two-lane freeway or similar limited-access roadway have failed, even though a substantial power company right of way shadows the road for much of its length. VT 103 begins at U.S. Route 5 in Rockingham just east of Interstate 91 and just north of Bellows Falls. From there, it interchanges with I-91 at exit 6 and proceeds", "id": "13506058" } ]

[ { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\nInterstate 691 (I-691) is a portion of the Interstate Highway System in Connecticut beginning at Interstate 91 in Meriden and ending at Interstate 84 near the Cheshire-Southington town line. It is in length, including of the exit ramp to the merge with westbound I-84. I-691 is also known as the Henry D. Altobello Highway for its entire length. I-691 is the main east–west highway of the city of Meriden. The freeway actually begins in Middlefield as Route 66, technically becoming I-691 at the junction with I-91 (Exit", "id": "767379" }, { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\n11). However, westbound signage indicates I-691 begins at the start of the freeway (just west of Exit 13), while eastbound signage shows I-691 ending at the Route 15 interchange (at eastbound Exit 10 about west of the interchange with I-91). To go from I-91 northbound to I-691 westbound (or from I-691 eastbound to I-91 southbound), one must actually use Route 15. Exit 9 westbound provides access to Route 15 North. West of the I-91/Route 15 interchange, I-691 meets US 5, which provides", "id": "767380" }, { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\n66. The highway was extended west to Exit 4 by 1971. The connection to I-84 was eventually completed in 1987, with the renumbering to I-691 done at the same time. The portion east of I-91 remained as Route 66. Environmental and community groups successfully blocked attempts to extend the freeway east of its present terminus due to potential impacts on the Mt. Higby Reservoir, which provides drinking water for the local area. A compromise was reached in the late 1990s allowing CONNDOT to convert Route 66 from a 2-lane road to 4 lanes", "id": "767383" }, { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\nat Exit 4. It then crosses the Quinnipiac River into Cheshire, where it has an interchange with Route 10, then continues west to end at I-84 at the Southington/Cheshire town line. The highway officially ends as it merges into I-84 West. In the 1940s, the I-691 routing was part of a planned US 6A Expressway from Southington to Willimantic. A section of the expressway (from its Middlefield terminus west to Exit 8) first opened in 1966. By 1968, the US 6A designation was dropped in favor of Route", "id": "767382" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 66\n\n\nRoute 66 is a Connecticut state highway running from Meriden to Windham, serving as an alternate east–west route to US 6 through east-central Connecticut. Route 66 officially begins at I-91 in Meriden as the extension of I-691, which officially ends at its interchange with I-91. This freeway portion runs for about into the town of Middlefield, where it becomes a four lane surface road. In Middlefield, it has junctions with the northern end of Route 147, and the southern end of Route 217. It then enters Middletown", "id": "16691092" }, { "contents": "Interstate 91\n\n\nUS 5 begins at the first of its many interchanges with the freeway. Leaving New Haven, I-91 follows a northeastward trek into North Haven, where it meets the southern end of the Route 40 expressway. It travels through the eastern part of Wallingford before entering the eastern part of the city of Meriden. In Meriden, about halfway between Hartford and New Haven, I-91 sees a complex set of interchanges with the Wilbur Cross Parkway (Route 15), the Route 66 expressway, and its first spur route, I-691. I-691", "id": "8976770" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 15\n\n\nmore northeasterly in North Haven. Major junctions include the Milford Parkway (SR 796), a connector providing access to Interstate 95 and US 1 beginning just east of the Sikorsky Bridge; US 5 in Wallingford; and a complex set of interchanges in Meriden providing access to I-91, I-691, and the Route 66 expressway. The parkway ends about a mile north of I-691 as US 5 joins Route 15 and the road becomes a four-lane divided highway with signalized and at-grade intersections known as the Berlin Turnpike. After", "id": "14881517" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 66\n\n\nthe expressway from US 5 in Meriden to Middlefield (where the current expressway ends) opened to traffic. By 1968, the US 6A designation was removed and split into several routes. The section from I-84 in Southington to US 6 in Columbia was renumbered as Route 66, including the newly opened freeway segment. In 1971, another section of the Route 66 freeway opened from between Route 322 and US 5. In 1987, with the completion of the freeway connection to I-84, the section of Route 66 west of I-91 was", "id": "16691099" }, { "contents": "Interstate 691\n\n\naccess to Route 15 North for eastbound traffic. Exit 7 provides access to Downtown Meriden. Westbound traffic exits onto State Street Extension, while eastbound traffic enters onto Columbia Street. Exits 6 and 5 provide access to Route 71, as well as access to Westfield Meriden. Exit 6 exits to Lewis Avenue, while Exit 5 exits directly to Route 71. From here, I-691 passes along the north side of Hubbard Park as well as by Castle Craig before it crosses into Southington. It then meets the eastern end of Route 322", "id": "767381" }, { "contents": "Interstate 291 (Connecticut)\n\n\nInterstate 291 (I-291) is a short Interstate Highway in the state of Connecticut that starts at I-91 at its junction with Route 218 in Windsor and ends at I-84 in Manchester. It serves as a northeastern bypass of Hartford. The official length of I-291 is , including of the exit ramp to the merge with eastbound I-84. I-291 is also known as the Vietnam Veterans Memorial Highway for its entire length. I-291 begins at I-91 in Windsor at an interchange that also provides access to and from Route 218. Heading southeast, I-291", "id": "4834367" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 in Connecticut\n\n\ncity of Waterbury, where it intersects the Route 8 expressway and crosses the Naugatuck River on an elevated dual-decked viaduct known locally as The Mixmaster. After passing through Cheshire, I-84 intersects the western end of I-691 at the Cheshire–Southington town line, which is also the New Haven–Hartford county line. I-84 turns more northerly for a stretch to exit 31 (Route 229), which provides access to Lake Compounce Amusement Park and ESPN World Headquarters. The freeway heads more northeasterly to Plainville, where it has a", "id": "14727149" }, { "contents": "Interstate 384\n\n\nInterstate 384 (I-384) is an Interstate Highway located entirely within the state of Connecticut. It runs east to west, going from Interstate 84 in East Hartford to U.S. Route 6/U.S. Route 44 in Bolton. I-384 officially begins at I-84 eastbound Exit 59 at the East Hartford/Manchester town line, as the right 2 lanes of traffic split from the I-84 mainline. The highway can also be accessed from the I-84 eastbound HOV lane, and westbound I-384 traffic can also access the HOV lane on westbound I-84. Westbound I-84", "id": "10503364" }, { "contents": "Special routes of U.S. Route 6\n\n\n6A from Plymouth–Farmington, this became US 6A. This US 6A was subsequently extended through Meriden to Willimantic along modern Route 66. An expressway upgrade was planned for this US 6A. Only a portion of the highway was built and is now I-691. U.S. Route 6A (US 6A) between Coventry and Windham was designated when New England Interstate Route 3 (NE-3) was deleted. The route was swapped with the old US 6 in 1939 and finally deleted in 1942 when US 6A became Route 31. U.S. Route 6A (US", "id": "10795785" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 (Pennsylvania–Massachusetts)\n\n\nNew Milford. Route 6 leaves the interstate at the next exit, and I-84 continues east across the countryside. At Exit 11, it turns to the northeast and descends to cross the Housatonic River on the Rochambeau Bridge, into New Haven County. It then climbs onto higher ground to the city of Waterbury, which it passes on an elevated viaduct with the eastbound and westbound lanes on different levels. Here the CT 8 expressway intersects. The eastern heading continues past Waterbury to Milldale, where Interstate 691 splits off to the east", "id": "12185438" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 120\n\n\nRoute 120 is a state highway in Connecticut, running entirely in the town of Southington. It serves as a more direct connection between the town center of Southington and the city of Meriden. Route 120 begins at an intersection with Route 322 in southeastern Southington, just west of the Meriden city line and about from an interchange with I-691. It heads in a northwest direction, crossing Misery Brook about later, passing by the St. Thomas Cemetery, then intersecting with Route 364 after another . Route 120 ends at an intersection with Route", "id": "21983096" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 322\n\n\nmeets Route 10 at a grade separated intersection. It briefly crosses into Cheshire before crossing the Quinnipiac River and reentering southeastern Southington. It meets the southern end of Route 120 before ending at an interchange with I-691 near the Southington-Meriden town line. The road continues into Meriden as West Main Street. Route 322 was established in 1963, running from Route 69 to then US 6A (Meriden Road) in Wolcott. The year before becoming a signed route, Route 322 was taken over by the state and designated as unsigned SR", "id": "8420887" }, { "contents": "Interstate 91\n\n\n. As such, it is almost always heavily trafficked (especially during rush hour), and maintains at least three lanes in each direction through Connecticut except for a short portion in Hartford at the interchange with I-84 and in Meriden at the interchange with Route 15. The three cities also serve as Connecticut's control points along its length of the Interstate. I-91 begins just east of downtown New Haven at an interchange with I-95 (the Connecticut Turnpike), and Route 34. At the bottom of the ramp for exit 5,", "id": "8976769" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 66\n\n\nIt ran from the Milldale section of Southington, via Meriden and Middletown, to Willimantic. In the 1932 state highway renumbering, old Highway 111 was designated as part of Route 14, which extended from Woodbury to the Rhode Island state line. In 1941, the section of Route 14 from Woodbury to Willimantic was redesignated as US 6A, connecting at US 6 on both ends. In the early 1960s, plans for constructing a US 6A expressway between I-84 in Southington and Willimantic were announced. By 1966, a short portion of", "id": "16691098" }, { "contents": "Interstate 66\n\n\nfrom eastbound I-66 to the West Falls Church Metro station at the Leesburg Pike (Virginia State Route 7) interchange and will provide a new bridge for the W&OD Trail over Lee Highway (Virginia State Route 29). In Washington D.C., I-66 was planned to extend east of its current terminus along the North Leg of the Inner Loop freeway. I-66 would have also met the eastern terminus of a planned Interstate 266 at US 29, and the western terminus of the South Leg Freeway (I-695) at US 50; I-266 would", "id": "9038810" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 10\n\n\n. It then turns north onto Dixwell Avenue, and intersects the Wilbur Cross Parkway (Route 15) at Exit 60. In the center of Hamden, it turns onto Whitney Avenue. Proceeding northward, it encounters the northern end of the Route 40 freeway and the western end of Route 22 . In Cheshire, it meets the eastern end of Route 42, and has a brief triplex with Routes 68 and 70. At the north end of town is a junction with I-691 at Exit 3. It then enters Southington, where", "id": "16098035" }, { "contents": "Interstate 80 in Iowa\n\n\nthe east at the Jordan Creek Parkway exit. The highway adds a third lane eastbound and drops the third lane westbound. Almost to the east is the interchange with I-35, which also marks the beginning of I-235. Eastbound I-80 exits the freeway via a flyover ramp to northbound I-35; eastbound I-235 begins as the continuation of the I-80 freeway. Locally, this exit is called the West Mixmaster. I-80 shares the next with I-35 on a six-lane freeway where each direction's three lanes are separated by a Jersey barrier.", "id": "3837266" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 68\n\n\nto its junction with I-91 at Exit 15. After overpassing I-91 and passing a couple of business parks, Route 68 becomes a 2 lane road once again. It then enters Durham, where it passes the southern end of Route 157 before ending at Route 17 in the center of town. The road connecting Naugatuck and Cheshire was designated in 1922 as State Highway 325. In the 1932 state highway renumbering, former Highway 325 was renumbered to Route 68. The route was later extended east to Middlefield in 1966 along former SR 607", "id": "3645090" }, { "contents": "Interstate 480 (Nebraska–Iowa)\n\n\nLeavenworth neighborhood from the Old Market neighborhood. Shortly after the Leavenworth Street exit is the Harney Street exit, which provides access to U.S. Route 6 from eastbound I-480. before the North Freeway interchange, I-480 passes beneath Dodge and Douglas Streets, which are the westbound and eastbound lanes of U.S. 6, respectively. Just to the southwest of the Creighton University campus is the North Freeway interchange, where US 75 leaves eastbound I-480 and joins westbound. The North Freeway was originally planned to be an Interstate Highway, \"I-580\", connecting", "id": "10317788" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nExit 110 leading to the I-40 frontage road along the eastbound lanes, which suddenly becomes a divided highway named \"Route 66.\" The first intersection is a connecting road to the parts of the interchange with the eastbound on-ramp, as well as the frontage roads along the westbound lanes, leading to the western terminus of the business loop. Shortly after this is the barely paved Carson County Road BB. The divided highway ends just west of TX FM 295 and Carson County Road CC (Western Avenue), and gains", "id": "294168" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 in New York\n\n\n6 and 202 closely parallel I-84 to the north, between the freeway and one of the upper basins of East Branch Reservoir, part of New York City's water supply system. The northern terminus of NY 121 lets eastbound traffic on and westbound traffic off. Two miles (3.2 km) to the east, Signs appear for Saw Mill Road, exit 1 on Connecticut's stretch of I-84, and its ramps leave the highway just a hundred feet (30 m) before the state line. The route of I-84 through the", "id": "995373" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 34\n\n\nLegion Avenue, later becoming South Frontage Road (former Oak Street), while westbound Route 34 uses North Frontage Road. The eastbound section running along Legion Avenue and South Frontage Road (1.03 miles) is town-maintained. The corresponding westbound section along North Frontage Road is officially designated as State Road 706 but is signed as Route 34 West. Route 34 then continues along the Oak Street Connector, a six-lane freeway that connects to I-91 and I-95. The freeway portion has two westbound exits and three eastbound entrances,", "id": "5492586" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nfor BL-40, because south of this intersection is an approach to a westbound on-eastbound off wye interchange with I-40. Immediately after this intersection, BL-40 ends at an eastbound on-westbound off wye interchange with I-40. The Clinton business loop of Interstate 40 is the fourth business route of I-40 in Oklahoma, running from exit 65 to exit 69, although only part of the route runs along former US 66. The route begins at exit 65, which is an eastbound flyover with no re-entry, and a westbound", "id": "294183" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nand maintenance facility, and then leaves the frontage road at the on ramp to eastbound I-40, where it meets its terminus. The frontage roads along both sides of I-40 continue through three more interchanges before crossing the Texas-Oklahoma State Line. The Erick business loop of Interstate 40 is the first business route of I-40 in Oklahoma. It begins on exit 5 (Honeyfarm Drive) and runs south into North 1720th Road until that street ends at a four-lane divided highway known as East 1240th Road (former Route 66)", "id": "294176" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 542\n\n\nRoute 542 (also known as Ferguson Road) is a state road in northern Connecticut. It is contained inside the town of Vernon. It runs from Route 533 to Route 541. Route 542 begins at Route 543 (Tunnel Road) in the central portion of the town of Vernon. It then heads east for about before intersecting with exit 66 on Interstate 84 (I-84}. Only travelers on westbound I-84 can exit onto Route 542, and that travelers on Route 542 can only get onto westbound I-84. About from the", "id": "1160744" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 71\n\n\nas it intersects West Main Street. While southbound traffic may continue from West Main Street onto Cook Avenue, northbound traffic must turn right onto Hanover Street, then left onto South Grove Street, and left onto West Main Street to continue. Once reunited, Route 71 proceeds west on West Main Street before turning north onto Chamberlain Highway. It then crosses I-691 at Exit 5, with access to and from the west. It then crosses into Berlin, passing the eastern end of Route 364 before turning northeast as the Chamberlain Highway becomes", "id": "18857060" }, { "contents": "Interstate 91\n\n\nparallels the river, never more than from its shore. I-91 then enters the Hartford city limits. In Hartford, I-91 it has a set of interchanges with US 5/Route 15 (Wilbur Cross Highway), which provides access from I-91 north to I-84 east, and from I-84 west to I-91 south via the Charter Oak Bridge. I-91 then has an interchange with I-84, where all other movements to and from I-84 take place. Before leaving the city limits, an HOV lane begins that has its own set of interchanges", "id": "8976772" }, { "contents": "Interstate 210 (Louisiana)\n\n\nShip Channel. At the southeastern end of the bridge, the highway meets with exit 3, Prien Lake Road, eastbound. I-210 heads east through Lake Charles, turning 90 degrees at exit 8, LA 14/Gerstner Memorial Drive. The highway then heads north towards its eastern terminus with I-10 just east of Lake Charles. Though portions of the freeway run north-south, the entire route is signed east-west. All of I-210 is included as part of the National Highway System, a system of roadways important to", "id": "2671252" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 95 in California\n\n\nChemehuevi Mountains before entering the city of Needles after several miles. After passing the Needles Municipal Airport, US 95 merges onto I-40 westbound and continues through Needles on the freeway. US 95 exits from I-40 west of Needles and continues northwest to Searchlight Junction, where US 95 continues north at the junction with the old routing of US 66. The highway continues north, east of Homer Mountain, to the Nevada state line. US 95 is part of the California Freeway and Expressway System, and a small portion near I-10 and the", "id": "21402148" }, { "contents": "Interstate 66\n\n\nInterstate 66 (I-66) is an Interstate Highway in the eastern United States. As indicated by its even route number, it runs in an east–west direction. Its current western terminus is near Middletown, Virginia, at an interchange with I-81; its eastern terminus is in Washington, D.C., at an interchange with U.S. Route 29. Because of its terminus in the Shenandoah Valley, the highway was once called the \"Shenandoah Freeway.\" Much of the route parallels U.S. Route 29 or Virginia State Route 55. Interstate", "id": "9038774" }, { "contents": "Interstate 95 in Connecticut\n\n\nof around 150,000 throughout the entire length between the New York state line and the junction with I-91 in New Haven. The Turnpike intersects with several major expressways, namely US 7 at Exit 15 in Norwalk, Route 8 and Route 25 at Exit 27A in Bridgeport (quickest way to I-84 from southwest CT), the Merritt and Wilbur Cross Parkways at Exit 38 (via the Milford Parkway) in Milford, and Interstate 91 at Exit 48 in New Haven. North (east) of I-91, the Turnpike continues along the Connecticut", "id": "5620386" }, { "contents": "Missouri Route 96\n\n\nRoute 96 was redesignated as Route YY west of Route 171 when Kansas deleted the eastern part of K-96. Route 96 begins at a partial interchange with Interstate 44 (I-44) just west of Halltown (there is no access to westbound I-44 or from eastbound I-44). The highway is a two-lane road and is relatively straight all the way to Carthage. Approximately west of I-44 is the western terminus of Route 266. Approximately further west, Route 96 is joined by Historic Route 66. At Albatross, is an intersection", "id": "11824778" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nI-40, and the former segment of US 66 along the north side continues as one of the two I-40 frontage roads. The Amarillo business loop of Interstate 40 begins at I-40 exit 62A just west of Amarillo. The highway was formerly a business route for Route 66, being that highway's only bannered route in Texas. Bus. I-40 D is known locally as Amarillo Boulevard and is the longest buisness route of Interstate 40. Bus. I-40 D begins at Interstate 40 exit 62A just west of Amarillo near Cadillac Ranch. The", "id": "294164" }, { "contents": "Interstate 540 and North Carolina Highway 540\n\n\nto the Western Wake Freeway and future Southern and Eastern Wake Freeways. As of January 2013, the North Carolina state route traverses east–west from I-40, in Durham County to NC 55, in Holly Springs. Initially intended to be signed as an extension of the I-540 loop, the first section of the route bears mile markers and exit numbers for the complete Interstate loop, going from 66 to 69. In Mid-2012, this section of the beltway became part of the Triangle Expressway. No portion of I-540 is tolled.", "id": "6204061" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 229\n\n\nRoute 229 is a state highway in the western Greater Hartford area of the U.S. state of Connecticut. It runs north–south from Interstate 84 in Southington to U.S. Route 6 in Bristol. Along the way, it intersects Route 72 in the Forestville section of Bristol. Route 229 nominally begins at the end of the eastbound Exit 31 off-ramp of I-84 in western Southington, heading northward along West Street. State maintenance and the official southern end of Route 229 actually begins about south of the off-ramp. West Street", "id": "7429975" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nwhich focuses on the roads former status as Route 66. The commercial strip ends after a dirt road named North Tennessee Street. \"Route 66\" splits from East 12th Street at an intersection that's another connecting road to the eastbound off-ramp of Exit 164, the then runs over the overpass above I-40 to turn right at the frontage road along the westbound lanes leading to the western beginning of the business loop. Eastbound Business Interstate Route 40-J narrows down to a two-lane undivided highway before passing by a TxDOT construction", "id": "294175" }, { "contents": "Highway revolts in the United States\n\n\nInterstate 291 beltway west of Interstate 91, the proposed Interstate 484 expressway through the downtown, and the proposed Interstate 284 expressway between East Hartford and South Windsor, and Interstate 491 from Wethersfield to Manchester. After these freeways were cancelled, the State of Connecticut used the funds allocated for their construction to rebuild and expand existing freeways in the Greater Hartford area. In 1992 the Route 9 Expressway was extended north from I-91 in New Britain to Interstate 84 in Farmington, completing what would have been the southwest quadrant of the I-291 beltway;", "id": "256037" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 in Connecticut\n\n\nthe northern end of the Route 15 expressway, it inherits the Wilbur Cross Highway name for the rest of its length. From 1968 until 1984, the I-84 designation ended here, and the highway became I-86 for the rest of its length, as I-84 was once planned to be built east toward Providence, Rhode Island. I-84 intersects one of the remnants of the abandoned project, I-384, as part of a series of complex interchanges in Manchester including the end of the US 6 concurrency at exit 60, and a connection to", "id": "14727152" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nfrontage roads along the westbound lanes leading to the western beginning of the business loop, and an unorthodox roadside attraction known as the Leaning Tower of Texas. Business Interstate Route 40-F ends at the on ramp to eastbound I-40, as does the divided former US 66, which is converted back into the frontage road along the eastbound lanes of I-40. The McLean business loop of Interstate 40 runs from exit 141 to 143. Officially designated as Business Interstate 40-H by the Texas Department of Transportation, it begins at I-40 at an eastbound flyover", "id": "294170" }, { "contents": "Maryland Route 53\n\n\nstate highway then meets its northern terminus at an intersection with US 40 Alternate in La Vale. Access to westbound I-68 is provided a short distance to the east on US 40 Alternate. MD 53 is part of US 220 Truck, which provides access from Interstate 68 (I-68) west of La Vale to southbound US 220 for trucks due to a truck prohibition on the eastbound exit ramp for I-68's interchange with US 220. The state highway is part of the main National Highway System from US 220 to I-68; in addition", "id": "11898711" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 84\n\n\nend street at the truck stop along the aforementioned frontage road. Interstate 84 Business was a business loop of I-84 along in Morgan, Utah. It ran north along Utah State Route 66 at Exit 103 (State Street) to East 600th Street running along the north side of I-84 until the former westbound-off-ramp and eastbound on-ramp that was once westbound Exit 103 until the mid-1990s. Interstate 84 Business was a business loop of I-84 along in Henefer, Utah. It ran southeast along the southwest side of I-84", "id": "6061978" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 5 in Connecticut\n\n\nStreet becomes Broad Street after the intersection with Hall Avenue as it passes by the eastern part of the city, avoiding the downtown area. Past Olive Street, the road becomes divided with a wide grassy median. At the north end of the divided section, it has an intersection with East Main Street, the main east–west business route through the city. About north of East Main Street, US 5 has an interchange with I-691 (at exit 8). At the intersection with Brittania Street, the road becomes North Broad", "id": "5428414" }, { "contents": "Interstate 91\n\n\nthe river can also be easily accessed in this stretch. At exit 19 is the northern terminus of I-93, a major interstate highway in New England, which provides a direct route south through the White Mountains and to almost all major cities in New Hampshire. Just after exit 19, there are three exits for St. Johnsbury, including a major intersection with US 2. Along westbound US 2, the capital of Vermont, Montpelier, is eventually reached from I-91, although I-89 provides Montpelier with immediate Interstate access. I-91 continues northward", "id": "8976783" }, { "contents": "Massachusetts Turnpike\n\n\nand the seventh-longest gap between exits in the entire Interstate Highway System. The highest elevation on the turnpike exists in The Berkshires, reaching above sea level in Becket; this point is also the highest elevation on I-90 east of South Dakota. Beyond the peak elevation and between the exits, an eastbound runaway truck ramp exists in Russell. The turnpike has an interchange with I-91 and US 5 at exit 4 in West Springfield; it passes over the Connecticut River before reaching Route 33 at exit 5 and I-291 at exit 6", "id": "8595595" }, { "contents": "County Route 66 (California)\n\n\ncrossing paths with the freeway again at Fenner, before heading east on Goffs Road to the junction with US 95. Next, CR 66 cosigns along US 95 south to the junction with I-40, where both the US and county routes cosign with I-40 heading east towards Needles. CR 66 exits the freeway at River Road Cutoff, where it immediately turns onto National Trails Highway after exiting. The route follows National Trails Highway to its end on River Road, then begins its southeast journey into downtown Needles. After an interchange with I-40", "id": "21979064" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 (Pennsylvania–Massachusetts)\n\n\n. This section has many left-hand exits and entrances and sharp curves, which were built for a planned network of freeways. I-84 heads northeast towards New Britain and Hartford, the state capital and the largest community along its eastern length. After intersecting Interstate 91, the road crosses the Connecticut River on the Bulkeley Bridge, oldest on the Interstate system, then becomes the Wilbur Cross Highway and continues towards the northeast. The last exit in Connecticut is Exit 74, an exit for Route 171. I-84 crosses the Massachusetts border", "id": "12185439" }, { "contents": "Rhode Island Route 4\n\n\n. After exit 7, Route 4 continues northward as a six-lane expressway, passing farmlands to the west and entering a suburban region of East Greenwich. The highway crosses under an overpass at Middle Road before interchanging with Route 401, the freeway's final spur, at another partial cloverleaf interchange. Exit 8 is also used to access Route 2 and I-95 south, which has no direct freeway connection with Route 4 north. Shortly after exit 8, the Route 4 designation ends and the mainline of the highway defaults onto I-95", "id": "14737226" }, { "contents": "Cromwell, Connecticut\n\n\nis land and (4.03%) is water. A major north/south highway, Interstate 91, with two Cromwell exits, runs through the Town. The Central Connecticut Expressway (Route 9), opened at the end of 1989, enhances the Town's location as it connects I-95 in Old Saybrook, I-91 in Cromwell and I-84, the State's major east/west highway in New Britain. As of the census of 2010, there were 14,005 people, 5,212 households, and 3,262 families residing in the town.", "id": "17977773" }, { "contents": "Interstate 190 (South Dakota)\n\n\n16 westbound goes east on Omaha Street and eastbound runs north concurrently with I-190. I-190 then becomes a freeway, with an exit to North Street. I-190 then passes under Anamosa Street before an on-ramp from the northbound lanes of West Boulevard. Both US 16 and I-190 then terminate at a trumpet interchange with I-90/US 14/SD 79. Legally, the route of I-190 is defined at South Dakota Codified Laws § 31-4-203. I-190 was opened in 1962 to connect Rapid City to the recently completed", "id": "2672231" }, { "contents": "Interstate 210 and State Route 210 (California)\n\n\nfor the interchange between State Route 57 and the Foothill Freeway, Interstate 210. The \"curve\" portion refers to the interchange from the northbound lanes of State Route 57 to the westbound lanes of I-210, and from the eastbound lanes of I-210 to the southbound lanes of State Route 57. The origin of the name comes from its location in the city of Glendora. Prior to 2002, this interchange was entirely part of I-210, and the eastern terminus of I-210 ended several miles south of the curve at the Kellogg Interchange at", "id": "2671217" }, { "contents": "Interstate 78 in New Jersey\n\n\nEntering more commercial areas, Route 173 merges onto I-78/US 22 at exit 13. At exit 15, the highway interchanges with CR 513, and Route 173 splits from I-78/US 22 by heading north on CR 513. At this point, the freeway enters Franklin Township briefly at exit 15 and then enters Clinton where it crosses the South Branch Raritan River. I-78/US 22 turns northeast and leaves Clinton for Clinton Township, where it has an eastbound exit and westbound entrance for Route 173 that also provides access to", "id": "16353900" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 15\n\n\nlimits, the business route veers onto Center Street and follows that through the center of town. At the north end of the city, I-15 Bus. turns west and runs concurrently with US 30 to its northern end at I-15 Exit 47. Interstate 15 Business runs for exactly through Inkom in northern Bannock County. I-15 Bus. mostly follows Old Highway 91 between Exits 57 and 58, a pair of partial interchanges. Interstate 15 Business spans through Pocatello in northern Bannock County. I-15 Bus. begins at I-15 Exit 67, where", "id": "15434019" }, { "contents": "Interstate 10 in California\n\n\nI-10 down Interstate 5 between the East LA Interchange and the Santa Monica Freeway, negating a section of the San Bernardino Freeway west of I-5. This short section of Route 10 between Route 5 and Route 101, which was formerly defined as Route 110 (signed as Interstate 110) until 1968, is signed overhead for I-10 eastbound and for U.S. 101 westbound. This I-5/I-10 cosigning is consistent with the Federal Highway Administration's Interstate Highway route logs that such an overlap exists for the segment of I-10 in California. I-10 is", "id": "10298840" }, { "contents": "Nevada State Route 425\n\n\ncenter of Verdi, then southeast to its terminus at the I-80 East Verdi interchange (Exit 5). Although designated a state route and an Interstate business route, there are no route shields posted along the highway itself. The I-80 business route extends beyond the end of SR 425. From the highway's western terminus, I-80 Business follows Gold Ranch Road an additional south to end at an I-80 westbound onramp. The highway originally carried State Route 1 and later U.S. Route 40 on its trek west from Reno over Donner Pass towards", "id": "5840323" }, { "contents": "Interstate 516\n\n\ncurrent western terminus of I-516. In 1985, the entire highway from its then-current western terminus at Burnsed Blvd to Montgomery Street was designated as I-516. The freeway portion was extended westward to the interchange with SR 25 (Burnsed Blvd) and eastward to the current eastern terminus. Also US 17/SR 25 and US 80/SR 26 were re-routed along the freeway, from the West Bay Street exit to the Ogeechee Road exit. In 1995, US 17 had a major re-routing through the city", "id": "10860994" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 15\n\n\nState Route 28. Interstate 15 Business is a Business loop of Interstate 15 in Bringham City, and is also concurrent with Business Loop 84. It runs from an interchange at Exit 362 on I-15/84 at first along U.S. Route 91 to the intersection with U.S. Route 89 and UT 13. US 91 continues east along US 89, while BL 15/84 turns left to go north along UT 13 (South Main Street). Further in town, the road serves as the west end of Utah State Route 90. At Forest Street,", "id": "15434015" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 95 in Nevada\n\n\nthe Henderson Spaghetti Bowl (also known as the Hender-Bender) interchange of Interstate 215 and SR 564 and Interstate 515 begins. The freeway then heads west into Downtown Las Vegas, where it intersects Interstate 15. At the Spaghetti Bowl interchange, US 93 follows I-15 northbound and I-515 ends. US 95 heads west, then north at the Rainbow Curve. The freeway portion then ends at Corn Creek Road northwest of the Las Vegas Valley and then it becomes a brief four-lane divided highway. US 95 exits Clark County", "id": "7359006" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 15\n\n\nwhen it turns east onto Alameda Road, which becomes Pocatello Creek Road when it veers northeast to the business route's terminus at I-15 Exit 71. Interstate 15 Business has a length of through Blackfoot in central Bingham County. I-15 Bus. begins at I-15 Exit 89 near the northern end of the Fort Hall Indian Reservation and follows US 91 northeast parallel to the Union Pacific Railroad. The highways cross the Blackfoot River into the city of Blackfoot along Broadway Street. In downtown Blackfoot, the routes veer onto Main Street, then I-15", "id": "15434021" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 50 in Maryland\n\n\neastbound exit. Following this interchange, US 50 passes office parks and industrial development in New Carrollton. The highway reaches a hybrid turbine interchange with I-95/I-495, the Capital Beltway. At the I-95/I-495 interchange, the US 50 freeway becomes part of the Interstate Highway System as I-595, which is an unsigned highway. The road heads east as an ten-lane freeway, with the left lane in each direction designated as a high-occupancy vehicle lane (HOV lane). The freeway passes near residential development and", "id": "21110676" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nloop of Interstate 40 is the third business route of I-40 in Oklahoma. It runs northeast along former US 66 from eastbound exit 32 and turns east after the beginning of an overlap with OK 6 that runs along the route until OK 6 turns south at North Main Street. From there it snakes through the northeastern part of the city and after the intersection with OK 34 finally terminates with I-40 at westbound exit 41. The route begins at a left exit in a wye interchange with Interstate 40, which also serves as a connection", "id": "294180" }, { "contents": "Iowa Highway 330\n\n\nused as a connector between Des Moines and the Waterloo–Cedar Falls area. Iowa 330 begins at an interchange with Interstate 80 (I-80), U.S. Route 6 (US 6), and US 65 in Altoona. The I-80 freeway runs east–west; US 6 comes up from the southwest along Hubbell Avenue and joins eastbound I-80 while US 65 exits eastbound I-80 and turns onto Hubbell heading northeast. For the first of its routing, Iowa 330 shares the same roadway with US 65. The two routes head northeast on", "id": "10381823" }, { "contents": "Interstate 180 (Pennsylvania)\n\n\nat an interchange with U.S. Route 15 and U.S. Route 220. The highway begins its signage, concurrent along these routes. At exit 27A, US 15 leaves the overlap running south across the Carl E. Stotz Memorial Little League Bridge and I-180 continues eastward, still concurrent with US 220 northbound. From there, I-180 runs along the West Branch Susquehanna River until the highway reaches the eastern suburbs of Williamsport, where US 220 leaves the Interstate via exit 15. From US 220 to the eastern terminus, I-180 is aligned north–south", "id": "4494305" }, { "contents": "Interstate 76 (Ohio–New Jersey)\n\n\nJersey. After I-76 reaches its eastern terminus, the freeway continues as Route 42 and the Atlantic City Expressway to Atlantic City. I-76 begins at I-71 at exit 209, east of Lodi, Ohio; U.S. Route 224 (US 224) continues west from the end of I-76. The interchange was previously a double trumpet, but was reconstructed in 2010. Officially, I-76 begins at the beginning of the ramp from I-71 north; it merges with US 224 at mile 0.61. After passing through rural Medina County, I-76 enters Summit", "id": "12185505" }, { "contents": "Interstate 215 (Utah)\n\n\ninterchange features a grade-separated ramp from northbound 2000 East to eastbound I-215. Past this junction, another interchange at Union Park Avenue appears. Another grade-separated ramp from Union Park Avenue is present. The freeway enters Murray as an interchange serving westbound motorists connects to 280 East and State Street (U.S. Route 89, or US-89). Eastbound travelers connect to State Street further west at a separate exit. The road turns northwest for a short time to approach a junction at I-15 (often called the South Interchange).", "id": "9551591" }, { "contents": "List of state routes in Connecticut\n\n\n. Routes are signed state highways and are assigned numbers from 1 to 399 (with the exception of I-684 and I-691). All state, U.S. and Interstate highways are part of the same numbering system. In 1926, the U.S. highway system was implemented. U.S. Routes 1, 5, 6, and 7 were used as designations on several primary state highways, replacing New England routes 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. The other New England routes that were not re-designated as U.S. routes became ordinary", "id": "5492536" }, { "contents": "Interstate 291 (Massachusetts)\n\n\ndirectly through highly populated areas of Springfield, and passes under several overpasses. From its southwestern terminus to exit 5A, Interstate 291 is concurrent with U.S. Route 20. I-291 is only from Interstate 291 in Connecticut, and there are no intervening Interstate Highway interchanges between them. It can be easy for travelers to become confused between the two highways. Interstate 291 begins as a spur of Interstate 91 at Exit 8 in Springfield, concurrent with U.S. 20, which merges from the north. The two entry ramps from I-91 merge with each", "id": "1778230" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 15\n\n\nprovides access to the end of the Sprinter commuter train line. Shortly thereafter, I-15 Business intersects County Route S14, and then interchanges with State Route 78. The interchange is the last interchange on the 78 before its freeway status ends, and there are only ramps for a westbound entrance or eastbound exit. Continuing north, I-15 Business intersects with El Norte Parkway, a major arterial road, before reconnecting with Interstate 15 at I-15 exit 34 near the northern city limits of Escondido. Though the street itself continues northward well on into", "id": "15434009" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 9\n\n\nSaybrook to I-91 in Cromwell is known as the \"Chester Bowles Highway\". The section from I-91 in Cromwell to Exit 24 in Berlin is known as the \"Korean War Veterans Memorial Highway\". The section from Route 72 in New Britain to Route 175 in Newington is known as the \"Taras Shevchenko Expressway\". The section from Route 175 in Newington to the junction with I-84 is known as the \"Iwo Jima Memorial Expressway\". The road connecting Deep River (then known as Saybrook) and Wethersfield along the west", "id": "15881247" }, { "contents": "Colorado State Highway 74\n\n\nthe Evergreen Parkway segment to four lanes and constructing an interchange with I-70. SH 74 begins at an interchange with I-70 in El Rancho. Ramps from I-70 westbound branch off the freeway's exit 252 from the north side and cross the highway southwestward. Access to SH 74 from I-70 eastbound is provided via U.S. Highway 40 (US 40) a slight distance to the west. From I-70, the roadway heads southwesterly through El Rancho, meeting an intersection with US 40 (Swede Gulch Road). The route heads westward before turning", "id": "12873578" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 84\n\n\nsoutheast corner of that intersection, and the contemporary but still traditional Brigham City Utah Temple on the southwest corner. UT 13 ends at the southern terminus of the overlap of US 89/91, and BL-15/84 makes a sharp right turn along southbound US 91, while South Main Street is taken over by southbound US 89. US 91/BL-15/84 runs west along West 1100th Street South. BL-15/84 ends at Exit 362, a diverging diamond interchange with I-15/84, while West 1100th Street South continues into the I-15 frontage road, and becomes a dead", "id": "6061977" }, { "contents": "Interstate 384\n\n\naccess to I-384 is provided through a complex interchange that also provides access from Pleasant Valley Road near Buckland Hills Mall and from I-291. I-384's first exit is for Spencer Street. The eastbound ramp is on the I-384 mainline, while the westbound ramp comes from a split in the I-84 interchange ramp. Just east of the Spencer Street overpass, the ramp from westbound I-84 joins the I-384 mainline and the HOV lane becomes a conventional lane. I-384 continues along the southern part of Manchester. It has one interchange before it intersects Route", "id": "10503365" }, { "contents": "Interstate 78 in New Jersey\n\n\ninto Springfield Township. The freeway passes near First Watchung Mountain before coming to the Route 24 interchange, where suburban development becomes more dense. At Route 24, I-78 divides into local and express lanes, with three express and three local lanes eastbound and two express and three local lanes westbound. In this section of the highway, most access is via the local lanes, though the next exit for Route 124 includes a direct westbound onramp to the express lanes. Before Route 124, I-78 briefly runs east through Millburn in Essex County", "id": "16353906" }, { "contents": "California State Route 237\n\n\n85. Westbound traffic can connect to Route 85 southbound, but the eastbound traffic connection to Route 85 northbound is labeled as an exit for U.S. 101. Route 237 intersects with Highway 101 at the southern corner of Moffett Field. After this intersection, a carpool lane is added, for a total of three lanes in either direction. It remains like this until the east end of the freeway at Interstate 880, where most eastbound traffic is directed to northbound I-880. The route then becomes a city street (an arterial road)", "id": "9003349" }, { "contents": "Massachusetts Route 141\n\n\nas Easthampton Road, crossing roads south of Mount Tom. Crossing through the Rock Valley section of Holyoke, the highway passes south of the Whiting Reservoir and Wyckoff Country Club, entering the Smiths Valley section. Through Smiths Valley, Route 141 runs southeast through a residential neighborhood, reaching a ramp to Interstate 91 southbound (I-91 exit 17). After another turn, the route crosses into a trumpet interchange with I-91 northbound, becoming a one-way couplet through downtown Holyoke. Route 141 eastbound runs along Dwight Street while Route 141", "id": "2532205" }, { "contents": "Interstate 295 (Delaware–Pennsylvania)\n\n\nof Penndel. Following this interchange, the freeway runs south-southeast near suburban residential areas as it heads west of Levittown. I-295 enters Bristol Township and terminates at an interchange with I-95 at I-276 (Pennsylvania Turnpike). At this interchange, I-295 merges into southbound I-95, with access from westbound I-295 to southbound I-95 and from northbound I-95 to eastbound I-295; there are no ramps connecting I-295 and the Pennsylvania Turnpike. In the 1927 New Jersey state highway renumbering, Route 39 was legislated to begin at the Yardley–Wilburtha Bridge", "id": "9627779" }, { "contents": "James River Freeway\n\n\n. The portion of the James River Freeway between I-44 and the interchange with US 60 and Route 413 is designated as Route 360. Other than its endpoints, there is only one interchange on the route: Route MM in Brookline (now part of Republic). Exit markers for the highway mark the road as the James River Freeway and have no control cities, only \"To Route 60\" eastbound and \"To I-44\" westbound. The control cities between US 60 and US 65 are Republic westbound and Rogersville eastbound. At", "id": "6615288" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 6 in Rhode Island\n\n\nturns south on the I-295 collector/distributor roads to the west end of that freeway. The south interchange of US 6 and I-295 has numerous ramp stubs once intended for a western continuation of the Roberts Expressway as Interstate 84. The six-lane Roberts Expressway has interchanges with Route 5, U.S. Route 6A, Route 128, and US 6A again on its way to Olneyville. It crosses from Johnston into Providence just west of the bridge over Route 128. At the second US 6A interchange, the older Olneyville Bypass begins,", "id": "21794194" }, { "contents": "Flatbush Avenue Connector\n\n\nstate proposed the corridor as the Cedar Ridge Connector with no number, leading from its current terminus at I-84 to U.S. 5/Route 15 in Wethersfield. The short expressway planned to include an interchange with a planned but cancelled Route 71 expressway leading to New Britain. Circa 2015, the viaduct carrying the northbound ramp to Eastbound I-84 was removed, and a new alignment adjacent to the southbound off ramp from Westbound I-84 was built. Exit 45 is currently an incomplete interchange, with ramps only for I-84 westbound to SR 504 (left", "id": "5839909" }, { "contents": "Interstate 195 (New Jersey)\n\n\ndesignation west and south, along existing I-95 instead. I-195's western terminus is at a modified cloverleaf interchange with I-295 in Hamilton Township, Mercer County, located southeast of the city of Trenton. From this end, the freeway continues north into Trenton as Route 29. I-195 serves as the southern continuation of Route 29, continuing east from I-295 as a six-lane expressway, passing between suburban neighborhoods to the north and the Crosswicks Creek to the south. After the exit for US 206, the highway narrows to four lanes", "id": "14760197" }, { "contents": "Massachusetts Route 25\n\n\nRoute 25 west mainline onto Route 495 north, with the right-hand lane serving I-195 via Exit 1. From I-195, Route 25 east is accessible via Exit 22A; I-195 terminates at the interchange. Interstate 495 also terminates at its junction with Route 25; the two southbound lanes of I-495 default onto Route 25 east. After the interchange with I-195 and I-495, Route 25 begins to head in a southeastern direction into the town of Wareham as a six-lane freeway. The route passes under Tihonet Road and through Maple", "id": "18239659" }, { "contents": "California State Route 56\n\n\ncompleted in 1995 after several lawsuits filed by the Sierra Club and other community groups. The two ends were not connected until the middle portion of the freeway was completed in 2004. The delay was largely due to funding issues and environmental concerns. Eastbound SR 56 begins as a ramp from the northbound I-5's local bypass lanes. The interchange is not complete; southbound I-5 traffic must exit to Carmel Valley Road before entering SR 56. Westbound traffic on SR 56 merges into the southbound I-5 local bypass lanes, which provide access to", "id": "2729277" }, { "contents": "Utah State Route 161\n\n\nState Route 161 (SR-161) is a long state highway, designated as a rural major connector, completely within Millard County in central Utah. The highway connects Interstate 70 (I-70) to I-15 while providing service to historic Cove Fort. The route was once part of U.S. Route 91 (US-91), but was renumbered to SR-161 in the 1970s, in parallel with the construction of I-70. Located entirely in southeastern Millard County, SR-161 starts at a diamond interchange with the westernmost exit on I-70 before it terminates at I-15.", "id": "14472451" }, { "contents": "Interstate 84 in Connecticut\n\n\nbrief concurrency with Route 72 to the New Britain city line. From the Route 72 junction through Farmington, West Hartford, and into Hartford, I-84 has many left-hand exits and entrances and sharp curves, which were built for a planned network of freeways. In Farmington, US 6 joins I-84 once again at exit 38, and both meet the northern end of the Route 9 expressway at a half-used multi-level stack interchange that was originally planned to be part of the mostly-cancelled I-291 Hartford Beltway.", "id": "14727150" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 40\n\n\nan interchange. Route 40 begins from northbound I-91 in North Haven as the Exit 10 off-ramp. The designation runs for along the exit ramp. The expressway then proceeds northwest and is joined by on-ramps from Bailey Road and southbound I-91. The I-91 interchange includes an overpass over the Quinnipiac River and railroad tracks. About past the I-91 interchange, the road crosses over another set of railroad tracks, then has an interchange with U.S. Route 5. Access to and from US 5 is via Dixwell Avenue (SR 717", "id": "15644232" }, { "contents": "Interstate 695 (District of Columbia)\n\n\nsome remaining \"To I-395\" signage can still be found along I-695 westbound. The new signs designate I-695 as extending from the point where I-395 branches off from the Southeast Freeway, with I-695 continuing along the Southeast Freeway and over the new 11th Street Bridge to the interchange with I-295. However, some commentators contend the new signage is confusing and that the Southeast Freeway is often confused with Baltimore's Beltway, a highway with the same route designation. The entire route is in Washington, D.C. Exits were unnumbered until July 2014.", "id": "13815020" }, { "contents": "California State Route 91\n\n\nState Route 91 (SR 91) is a major east–west state highway in the U.S. state of California that serves several regions of the Greater Los Angeles urban area. A freeway throughout its entire length, it officially runs from Vermont Avenue in Gardena, just west of the junction with the Harbor Freeway (Interstate 110, I-110), east to Riverside at the junction with the Pomona (SR 60 west of SR 91) and Moreno Valley (SR 60 and I-215 east of SR 91) freeways. Though signs along", "id": "4945631" }, { "contents": "Tennessee State Route 182\n\n\nState Route 182 (abbreviated SR 182) is a secondary state highway in western Dyer County, Tennessee. This route is primarily rural in nature throughout its length. The first of SR 182 from its southern terminus with SR 104 to Interstate 155 is a modern two-lane facility with a speed limit. I-155 ended at Exit 7 during the 1970s and this section of SR 182 also served as a temporary link to SR 104 for eastbound motorists until the freeway was completed to Exit 15. SR 182 north of I-155 to its", "id": "12693771" }, { "contents": "U.S. Route 4 in New Hampshire\n\n\nI-93 southbound, and runs along the freeway until Exit 15E in Concord. At this interchange, US-4 leaves I-93 and joins Interstate 393 and U.S. Route 202 which run eastbound out of the city. The two U.S. routes overlap I-393 to its terminus in the northern corner of Pembroke. I-393 then ends, and US-4/US-202 merge onto Route 9 eastbound through Chichester and into Epsom. The road crosses Route 28 at the Epsom Traffic Circle, then continues east and intersects Route 107, forming a long four-route concurrency into Northwood", "id": "19470164" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 9\n\n\nriver, it passes through the towns of Essex, Deep River, Chester, Haddam, and Middletown). After its junction with Interstate 91 in Cromwell, Route 9 continues westward then northward, running through the Hartford area towns/cities of Berlin, New Britain, Newington, and Farmington. At the junction with I-84/US 6 near the Farmington - West Hartford town line, Route 9 follows the ramps for eastbound I-84 and ends at the merge with I-84 immediately after crossing the town line. Route 9 has a non", "id": "15881245" }, { "contents": "Maryland Route 32\n\n\nCSX line) and several industrial parks in Annapolis Junction. MD 32 continues northwest into Savage, where the highway has a cloverleaf interchange with US 1 (Washington Boulevard) that includes collector-distributor lanes in both directions. North of Savage, the freeway has a partial cloverleaf interchange with I-95 that has a pair of left-exiting ramps from westbound MD 32 to southbound I-95 and from eastbound MD 32 to northbound I-95; because of these left exits, I-95 is configured differently in that its southbound lanes pass under MD 32 and", "id": "8470347" }, { "contents": "Interstate 95 in Massachusetts\n\n\nto eight lanes. Then the highway passes through Newton, then enters Weston and has a large interchange with the Massachusetts Turnpike (I-90) that provides connections to nearby Route 30. There is a fourth lane after the interchange with Route 9. Exits 23, 24, and 25 are one combined exit northbound. I-95 and Route 128 are due west of Boston at this point and begin to turn to the northeast, serving the city of Waltham and the town of Lexington along the way. The freeway has an interchange with Route", "id": "18993893" }, { "contents": "Connecticut Route 372\n\n\nthe Mattabesset River, intersecting I-91 at Exit 21. It then widens to 4 lanes, and intersects the northern end of Route 217. Farther east, it crosses Route 3 before meeting Route 9 once again at Exit 19. It then turns southeast to at an intersection with Route 99 at the Cromwell town center. Route 72 was established in the 1932 state highway renumbering between Route 66 in Middletown and Route 10 Plainville. By the beginning of 1963, after the implementation of the 1962 Route Reclassification Act, Route 72 was extended", "id": "8495485" }, { "contents": "Interstate 664\n\n\nhas a connection to Portsmouth through Virginia State Route 164 (SR 164) and to Suffolk via U.S. Route 13, US 58, and US 460. I-664 begins at a full Y interchange with I-64 and I-264 that serves as the terminus of all three Interstates in the Bowers Hill section of the city of Chesapeake. I-64 heads southeast as a continuation of the Hampton Roads Beltway through Chesapeake while I-264 heads east toward Portsmouth and Norfolk. I-664 heads west as an eight-lane freeway that has a southbound-only exit ramp to", "id": "13145352" }, { "contents": "Virginia State Route 194\n\n\ncloverleaf interchange with I-64 (Hampton Roads Beltway) that only contains ramps in the northeast and southwest quadrants of the interchange. Northbound SR 194 has an exit ramp to and an entrance ramp from westbound I-64. Southbound SR 194 has an exit ramp to and an entrance ramp from eastbound I-64. The missing connections with I-64 are made via SR 247 to the south and SR 165 (Little Creek Road) to the north of the Interstate. North of SR 165, SR 194 becomes a four-lane divided highway north to its", "id": "19152409" }, { "contents": "Business routes of Interstate 40\n\n\nalphabetic values to allow for future system expansion. The alphabetic naming suffixes are included as small letters on the bottom of reassurance shields. The Glenrio business spur of Interstate 40 begins at I-40 on exit 0 just east of the New Mexico-Texas state line. The highway runs south from the interchange towards Former route 66, then turns west along that decommissioned route where it terminates at the Texas-New Mexico State Line. The Adrian business loop of Interstate 40 begins at I-40 at exit 22 and runs along Former route 66 to", "id": "294158" }, { "contents": "Vermont Route 103\n\n\nand slightly better road across the Green Mountains to Rutland, it is a direct east–west road intersecting Interstate 91 significantly north of the diagonal 103. Numerous proposals to widen 103 into a two-lane freeway or similar limited-access roadway have failed, even though a substantial power company right of way shadows the road for much of its length. VT 103 begins at U.S. Route 5 in Rockingham just east of Interstate 91 and just north of Bellows Falls. From there, it interchanges with I-91 at exit 6 and proceeds", "id": "13506058" } ]

[ { "contents": "Philip Threlfall\n\n\nPhilip Walter Threlfall (born 11 February 1967) is a former English cricketer. Threlfall was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium-fast. He was born at Barrow-in-Furness, Lancashire. Threfall played for Cumberland in 1987, making a single appearance in the Minor Counties Championship against Cambridgeshire and a single appearance in the MCCA Knockout Trophy against Cheshire. In 1988, Threfall played Second XI cricket for Sussex, with him also making his first-class debut for the county in that season against", "id": "17653088" }, { "contents": "Philip Threlfall\n\n\nSomerset at the Recreation Ground, Bath. He played regularly for the Sussex Second XI, but would only make two further first-class appearances for the county, against the touring Sri Lankans in 1990 and Cambridge University in 1991. He never batted in his three first-class appearances, but with the ball he took 7 wickets at an average of 18.57, with best figures of 3/45. He also made a single List A appearance for the county against the touring Zimbabweans in 1990. He ended Sussex's innings of 233/8", "id": "17653089" }, { "contents": "Harry Newton (cricketer)\n\n\nHarry Newton (2 May 1935 – 22 December 2014) was an English cricketer. Newton was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm fast-medium. He was born at Little Lever, Lancashire. Newton made two first-class appearances for Sussex against Hampshire and Essex in the 1966 County Championship. Against Hampshire, Newton ended unbeaten on 16 in Sussex's first-innings of 153, while in Hampshire's first-innings he took what would be his only first-class five wicket haul, with figures", "id": "14840593" }, { "contents": "Henry Gregory (cricketer)\n\n\nHenry Vernon Gregory (born 18 January 1936) is a former English cricketer. Gregory was a right-handed batsman who bowled leg break. He was born at Manchester, Lancashire. Gregory made a single Minor Counties Championship appearance for Cheshire against the Warwickshire Second XI. He later made a single first-class appearance for Sussex against Cambridge University at Fenner's in 1960. He was dismissed for 4 runs in Sussex's first-innings by Alan Hurd, while in their second-innings, he was dismissed for 14 runs", "id": "8516784" }, { "contents": "Andrew Pearson (cricketer)\n\n\nAndrew Stuart Pearson (born 25 September 1957) is a former English cricketer. Pearson was a left-handed batsman who bowled right-arm off break. He was born in Rustington, Sussex. Having played for the Northamptonshire Second XI between 1974 and 1980, Pearson later made his debut for Bedfordshire against Buckinghamshire in the 1981 Minor Counties Championship. He played Minor counties cricket for Bedfordshire from 1981 to 1987, making 40 Minor Counties Championship appearances and 8 MCCA Knockout Trophy appearances. He made his List A debut against Somerset in", "id": "5306586" }, { "contents": "Jeremy Green (cricketer)\n\n\nJeremy Arthur Graham Green (born 17 September 1984) is a former English first-class cricketer. Green is a right-handed batsman who bowls right-arm medium-fast. He was born at Cuckfield, Sussex. Green made his List A debut for Sussex in what was his only career List A game, against West Indies A 2002. Following this, Green represented the Sussex Second XI for the next few years, before making his only career first-class appearance when Sussex played Sri Lanka at the County Ground", "id": "18948924" }, { "contents": "Philip Wormald\n\n\nPhilip Bryan Wormald (born 4 May 1963) is a former English cricketer. Wormald was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium-fast. He was born in Sutton-in-Ashfield, Nottinghamshire. Wormald made his debut for Shropshire in the 1987 Minor Counties Championship against the Somerset Second XI. Wormald played Minor counties cricket for Shropshire from 1987 to 1991, which included 32 Minor Counties Championship appearances and 8 MCCA Knockout Trophy appearances. He made his List A debut against Hampshire in the 1988 NatWest Trophy", "id": "21289907" }, { "contents": "Alan Wadey\n\n\nAlan Nigel Charles Wadey (born 12 September 1950) is a former English cricketer. Wadey was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium pace. He was born at Billingshurst, Sussex. Wadey made a single first-class appearance for Sussex against Yorkshire at the County Ground, Hove in the 1975 County Championship. Wadey batted twice in this match, ending unbeaten without scoring in each innings. With the ball he took a single wicket, that of Richard Lumb for the cost of 44 runs from 8 overs", "id": "8050823" }, { "contents": "Richard Elms\n\n\nRichard Burtenshaw Elms (born 5 April 1949) is a former English professional cricketer. Elms played as an all-rounder who batted right-handed and bowled left-arm fast-medium pace. He was born in Sutton in Surrey in 1949. Having played for the county second Xi since 1967, Elms made his first-class cricket debut for Kent County Cricket Club in the 1970 County Championship against Hampshire. In 1971 he appeared more regularly for Kent, making his List A cricket debut against Sussex. Elms played for", "id": "164150" }, { "contents": "Reuben Herbert\n\n\n3 List A matches for Suffolk, he took just a single wickets at an average of 82.00, with best figures of 1/37. He played for the Minor Counties cricket team in the 1986 Benson & Hedges Cup, making 4 appearances for the team. It was for the Minor Counties that he made his final 2 first-class appearances for. The first of these came against the touring Zimbabweans in 1985. He bowled 8 wicket-less overs in the Zimbabweans first-innings, while in the Minor Counties first-innings", "id": "3624912" }, { "contents": "Gerald Cogger\n\n\nGerald Lyndley Cogger (born 7 September 1933) is a former English cricketer. Cogger was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium-fast. He was born at Uckfield, East Sussex. Cogger made his first-class debut for Sussex against Oxford University in 1954. He made seven further first-class appearances for the county, all of which came in the 1957 season, and the last of which came against Somerset. In his eight first-class appearances, Cogger took 7 wickets at an average", "id": "8050935" }, { "contents": "John Tindale\n\n\nJohn Tindale (born 9 October 1967) is a former English cricketer. Tindale was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium-fast. He was born in Durham, County Durham. Tindale made his debut for Durham against Bedfordshire in 1988 Minor Counties Championship. He played Minor counties cricket for Durham from 1988 to 1990, making 17 Minor Counties Championship appearances and 2 MCCA Knockout Trophy appearances. He made his only List A appearance against Somerset in the 1988 NatWest Trophy. He scored 30 runs in this match", "id": "6406994" }, { "contents": "Dick Harrison (cricketer)\n\n\nRichard \"Dick\" Harrison was an English cricketer. Harrison was a left-handed batsman who bowled right-arm fast-medium. He was born in Clitheroe, Lancashire. Harrison played for Lancashire Second XI from 1906 to 1908. He joined Durham in 1910, making his debut for the county in the 1910 Minor Counties Championship against Northumberland. He played Minor counties cricket for Durham from 1910 to 1913, making 23 appearances. During this period he made a single first-class appearance for the Minor Counties against the touring", "id": "12592293" }, { "contents": "Charles Pimlott\n\n\nteam in 2000, against the touring Zimbabweans. Across his eleven appearances at first-class level, Pimlott scored 72 runs with a high score of 31 not out, alongside 17 wickets with his right-arm fast-medium bowling, taken at an average of 34.47, with best figures of 3 for 10. He played briefly for Lincolnshire in minor counties cricket, making one appearance against the Nottinghamshire Cricket Board in the 2001 MCCA Knockout Trophy. After graduating from Cambridge, Pimlott was called to the bar in 2001 as a", "id": "3251591" }, { "contents": "John Clarke (cricketer, born 1948)\n\n\nJohn Michael Clarke (born 25 December 1948) is a former English cricketer. Clarke was a left-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium-fast. He was born at Barcombe, Sussex. Clarke made a single first-class appearance for Sussex against Hampshire at the United Services Recreation Ground, Portsmouth, in the 1969 County Championship. In Sussex's first-innings of 159, Clarke was run out for a duck, while in their second-innings of 233, he was dismissed for the same score by", "id": "8208510" }, { "contents": "Paul Christie (cricketer)\n\n\nPaul Christie (born 9 February 1971 in Sunderland, County Durham) is a former English cricketer. Christie was a right-handed batsman who bowled left-arm medium-fast. Christie made a single first-class appearance for the Marylebone Cricket Club against M Parkinson's World XI at the North Marine Road Ground, Scarborough. In this match, he bowled 13 wicket-less overs for the cost of 63 runs in the World XIs first-innings, while in their second-innings he took 3 wickets for the", "id": "12392619" }, { "contents": "Phil Lewis (cricketer)\n\n\nPhilip David Lewis (born 4 October 1981) is an English cricketer. Lewis is a right-handed batsman who bowls right-arm fast-medium. He was born in Liss, Hampshire. Having played Second XI cricket for the Somerset Second XI in 2002, Lewis made his first-class debut for Loughborough UCCE against Surrey in 2003. He appeared in 4 further first-class matches for Loughborough UCCE, the last coming against Sussex in 2004. In his 5 matches, he scored 115 runs at a batting average", "id": "14893257" }, { "contents": "Russell Evans (cricketer)\n\n\ntook 3 wickets at a bowling average of 32.33, with best figures of 3/40. With opportunities limited at Nottinghamshire, he left the county at the end of the 1990 season. He later joined Lincolnshire, making his debut against Northumberland in the 1993 MCCA Knockout Trophy. He played Minor counties cricket from 1993 to 1997, making 33 Minor Counties Championship appearances and 10 MCCA Knockout Trophy appearances. He played his first List A match for the county against Glamorgan in the 1994 NatWest Trophy. He made 2 further List A appearances for", "id": "5168780" }, { "contents": "Gerald Sly\n\n\nGerald Brian Sly (born 21 October 1932) is a former English cricketer. Sly was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm fast-medium. He was born at Ealing, Middlesex. Sly made a single first-class appearance for Sussex against Oxford University at the County Ground, Hove in 1953. He didn't bat in this match, but did take the wicket of Colin Cowdrey in Oxford University's first-innings. The match ended in a draw. This was his only major appearance for Sussex", "id": "8050962" }, { "contents": "Charles Burgess\n\n\nCharles Thomas Burgess (30 June 1886 – 14 January 1978) was an English cricketer. Burgess was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm slow. He was born at Hastings, Sussex. Burgess made a single first-class appearance for Sussex against Nottinghamshire at the County Ground, Hove in the 1919 County Championship. In Sussex's first-innings, he was dismissed for 2 runs by Benjamin Flint. Burgess took 3 wickets in Nottinghamshire's first and only innings, finishing with figures of 3/39 from eleven overs", "id": "11250696" }, { "contents": "Courtney Ricketts\n\n\nCourtney Ian Oswald Ricketts (born 26 April 1965) is a former English cricketer. Ricketts was a right-handed batsman who bowled slow left-arm orthodox. He was born at Kennington, London. Ricketts made his first-class debut for Sussex against Gloucestershire in the 1987 County Championship. He made two further first-class appearances for the county in that season, against Worcestershire and Hampshire. In his three first-class matches, he took 5 wickets at an average of 50.60, with best figures of 2/40.", "id": "17653183" }, { "contents": "Edwin Woodhams\n\n\nEdwin Fehrsen Woodhams (22 February 1880 – 8 February 1933) was an English cricketer. Woodham's batting and bowling styles are unknown. He was born at Seaford, Sussex. Woodhams made a single first-class appearance for Sussex against Somerset at County Ground, Hove in the 1905 County Championship. He was dismissed for a duck in Sussex's first-innings by Len Braund, while in their second-innings he ended unbeaten on 14 to guide Sussex to a 2 wicket win. This was his only major appearance for", "id": "13085945" }, { "contents": "John Davis (cricketer, born 1943)\n\n\nMichael John Davis (18 August 1943 – 13 October 2000) was an English cricketer. Davis was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm fast-medium. He was born at Bolton, Lancashire. Davis made his debut for Cheshire in the 1961 Minor Counties Championship against Staffordshire. He made eight further appearances for the county in that season. He played Second XI cricket for Northamptonshire in 1962, while the following season he made his only first-class appearance for the county against Oxford University. He wasn't", "id": "6365888" }, { "contents": "Peter Heseltine\n\n\nPeter Anthony William Heseltine (born 5 April 1965) is a former English cricketer. Heseltine was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm off break. He was born at Barnsley, Yorkshire. Heseltine made his first-class debut for Sussex against the touring Pakistanis in 1987. He made nineteen further first-class appearances for the county, the last of which came against Surrey in the 1988 County Championship. In his twenty first-class appearances, he took 22 wickets at an average of 48.59, with best", "id": "16489351" }, { "contents": "Andrew Henderson (cricketer)\n\n\nAndrew Arthur Henderson (born 14 July 1941) is a former English cricketer. Henderson was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium pace. He was born in Chadwell Heath, Essex. Henderson made his debut for Buckinghamshire in the 1964 Minor Counties Championship against Berkshire. Henderson played two further Minor Counties Championship fixtures for the county in 1965, against Hertfordshire and Berkshire. Having played Second XI cricket for the Sussex Second XI since 1968, Henderson made his only first-class appearance for Sussex in the 1972 County", "id": "10548307" }, { "contents": "David Halliwell (cricketer)\n\n\nDavid Halliwell (born 11 December 1948) is a former English cricketer. Halliwell was a left-handed batsman who bowled right-arm fast-medium. He was born in Leyland, Lancashire. Halliwell initially played Minor Counties Championship cricket for Cheshire from 1978 to 1979. He later joined Cumberland, making his debut for the county in the 1981 Minor Counties Championship against the Lancashire Second XI. Halliwell played Minor counties cricket for Cumberland from 1981 to 1990, including 59 Minor Counties Championship matches and 7 MCCA Knockout Trophy matches.", "id": "566498" }, { "contents": "David Sabine\n\n\nDavid John Sabine (born 6 June 1966) is a New Zealand born former English cricketer. Sabine played as a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium pace. He was born at Papakura near Auckland. Sabine made a single first-class cricket appearance for Kent County Cricket Club against the touring West Indians at the St Lawrence Ground in 1988. In the same season he made a single List A appearance against Sussex at Mote Park in the Refuge Assurance League. These were his only senior appearances for Kent,", "id": "557880" }, { "contents": "Roger Miller (cricketer, born 1938)\n\n\nRoger Simon Miller (born 16 February 1938) was an English cricketer. He was a left-handed batsman and right-arm medium-fast bowler who played first-class cricket for Marylebone Cricket Club. He was born in Seaford, Sussex. Miller made a single first-class appearance for the side, during the 1959 season, against Oxford University. Following this, he made at least eleven appearances for Sussex's Second XI. Miller made a single List A appearance for Dorset in the 1968 Gillette Cup. He", "id": "16750904" }, { "contents": "Arthur Lawrence\n\n\nArthur Alfred Kenneth Lawrence (born 3 November 1930) is a former English cricketer. Lawrence was a right-handed batsman who bowled leg break. He was born at Marlborough, Wiltshire. Lawrence made his first-class debut for Sussex against Oxford University in 1954, with him playing a second match that season against Leicestershire in the County Championship. He next appeared for Sussex in 1954, making 26 further first-class appearances between 1954 and 1956, with his final first-class appearance coming against Northamptonshire in the 1956 County", "id": "19143734" }, { "contents": "Robert Entwistle\n\n\nof 25.00, with a high score of 48. He left Lancashire at the end of the 1966 season. In 1967, Entwistle joined Cumberland, making his debut for the county in the Minor Counties Championship against Durham. He played Minor counties cricket for Cumberland from 1967 to 1984, making 91 Minor Counties Championship and two MCCA Knockout Trophy appearances. During this time he also made a single first-class appearance for the Minor Counties against the touring West Indians in 1976, scoring 8 runs in the Minor Counties first-innings", "id": "15737473" }, { "contents": "Gary Speak\n\n\nGary John Speak (born 26 April 1962) is a former English cricketer. Speak was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm fast-medium. He was born at Chorley, Lancashire. Speak made his first-class debut for Lancashire against the touring Sri Lankans in 1981. He made a further appearance in the 1981 County Championship against Essex. He made three further first-class appearances in 1982, against Cambridge University, Derbyshire and Surrey. In his five first-class appearances, he bowled a total", "id": "5490505" }, { "contents": "Arthur Sharood\n\n\nArthur John Sharood (9 August 1856 – 31 March 1895) was an English cricketer. Sharood was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm fast-medium. He was born at Hurstpierpoint, Sussex, and was educated at Hurstpierpoint College. Sharood made a single first-class appearance for Sussex against Surrey at the County Ground, Hove, in 1879. He took two wickets, both in Surrey's first-innings, dismissing John Shuter and Leonard Shuter and finishing with figures of 2/51 from 26 overs. The", "id": "12294995" }, { "contents": "Eric Palmer (cricketer)\n\n\nEric John Palmer (born 16 June 1931) is a former English cricketer. Palmer was a left-handed batsman who bowled left-arm fast-medium. He was born at Romford, Essex. Palmer played Second XI cricket for Essex in 1955, as well as making a single appearance for Berkshire in that seasons Minor Counties Championship against Devon. He played for the Essex Second XI the following season, before making his first-class debut for Essex in the 1957 County Championship against Gloucestershire. He made three further first", "id": "7814992" }, { "contents": "Thomas White (Sussex cricketer)\n\n\nThomas Reginald White (3 July 1892 – 7 May 1979) was an English cricketer. White was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm fast-medium. He was born at Basingstoke, Hampshire. White made a single first-class appearance for Sussex against Cambridge University in 1928. In this match, he scored 9 runs in Sussex's first-innings, before being dismissed by Denis Blundell, while in their second-innings he was dismissed him for 4 by Maurice Allom. Cambridge University won the match", "id": "8456981" }, { "contents": "Dexter Fitton\n\n\nJohn Dexter Fitton (born 24 August 1965) is a former English cricketer. Fitton is a left-handed batsman who bowls right-arm off break. He was born in Littleborough, Lancashire. Fitton made his first-class debut for Lancashire against Hampshire in the 1987 County Championship. He made 51 further first-class appearances for the county, the last of which came against Sussex in the 1992 County Championship. In these matches, he took 82 wickets at an average of 53.15, with best figures of 6/59.", "id": "16136741" }, { "contents": "Steven Bramhall\n\n\nSteven Bramhall (born 26 November 1967) is a former English cricketer. Bramhall was a right-handed batsman who fielded as a wicket-keeper. He was born in Warrington, Lancashire. Bramhall made his debut in county cricket for Cheshire in the 1988 Minor Counties Championship final against Cambridgeshire, having played Second XI cricket for the Worcestershire Second XI prior to that. He played Minor counties cricket for Cheshire from 1989 to 1991, playing in both the Minor Counties Championship and MCCA Knockout Trophy. In the 1990 County Championship,", "id": "3873390" }, { "contents": "Martin Bamber\n\n\nMartin John Bamber (born 7 January 1961) is a former English cricketer. Bamber was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium pace. He was born in Cheam, Surrey. Having previously played Second XI cricket for Middlesex and Surrey between 1976 and 1981, Bamber eventually joined Northamptonshire, making his first-class debut for the county against Cambridge University in 1982. He made a further twelve first-class appearances for the county, the last of which came against Somerset in the 1984 County Championship. In", "id": "15737373" }, { "contents": "Horace Mitchell\n\n\nHorace Mitchell (19 January 1858 – 4 January 1951) was an English cricketer. Mitchell was a right-handed batsman by bowled right-arm medium-fast. He was born at West Tarring, Sussex. Mitchell made his first-class debut for Sussex against the Marylebone Cricket Club in 1882. He made two further appearances in that season for Sussex against Hampshire and Yorkshire, before next appearing for Sussex in first-class cricket in the 1891 County Championship against Lancashire. He made four further first-class appearances for", "id": "21486018" }, { "contents": "Gavin Byram\n\n\nGavin James Byram (born 15 February 1974) is a former English cricketer. Byram was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm fast-medium. He was born in Shrewsbury, Shropshire. Byram made his debut for Shropshire in the 1992 Minor Counties Championship against Herefordshire. Byram played Minor counties cricket for Shropshire from 1992 to 2002, which included 50 Minor Counties Championship appearances and 26 MCCA Knockout Trophy appearances. He made his List A debut against Sussex in the 1997 NatWest Trophy. He made 7 further List A", "id": "21095697" }, { "contents": "Alastair Scott (cricketer)\n\n\nselected to play in the Combined Universities team to play in the 1985 Benson & Hedges Cup, making his List A debut in the tournament against Surrey and making three further appearances in the competition. In 1986, he made seven first-class appearances for the university, taking 18 wickets at an average of 45.22, with best figures of 4/100. He also made a single first-class appearance each for a combined Oxford and Cambridge Universities team against the touring New Zealanders and for Sussex against Worcestershire in the County Championship. He", "id": "13068989" }, { "contents": "Jackie Keeler\n\n\nJohn George Keeler (2 May 1924 – 9 October 2005) was an English cricketer. Keeler was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium pace. He was born in South Moor, County Durham. Keeler made his debut for Durham in the 1949 Minor Counties Championship against the Lancashire Second XI. He played Minor counties cricket for Durham from 1949 to 1957, making 54 appearances. During this period he made a single first-class appearance for the Minor Counties against the touring Australians in 1953. He was", "id": "12592970" }, { "contents": "Robert Grant (cricketer)\n\n\nRobert John Grant (born 28 July 1965) is a former English cricketer. Grant was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium pace. He was born in Leamington Spa, Warwickshire. Grant made his debut for Staffordshire in the 1989 MCCA Knockout Trophy against Cheshire. Grant played Minor counties cricket for Staffordshire from 1989 to 1990, playing a further MCCA Knockout Trophy match against Shropshire in 1990, while having made a single Minor Counties Championship appearance in 1989 against Bedfordshire. In 1989, he made his List A", "id": "18361281" }, { "contents": "Alan Hansford\n\n\nHaving played for the Sussex Second XI since 1987, it was in the 1989 season that he made his first-class debut for Sussex against Cambridge University at Hove, taking figures of 4/46 and 4/29 during the match. During his time at Sussex, he featured infrequently in first-class cricket, making just nine further appearances, the last of which came against Hampshire in the 1992 County Championship. Primarily a bowler, Hansford took 30 wickets in his ten first-class appearances, which came at an average of 33.03,", "id": "9057057" }, { "contents": "Gordon Potter (cricketer)\n\n\nGordon Potter (born 26 October 1931) is a former English cricketer. Potter was a right-handed batsman who bowled leg break. He was born at Dormansland, Surrey, England. Potter made his first-class debut for Sussex against Cambridge University at Fenner's in 1949. His next first-class appearance for Sussex didn't come until 1953, when he played against Cambridge University, which was also his only appearance in that season. He began to play more regularly for Sussex from 1954, making a further 52", "id": "7344655" }, { "contents": "Johnny Johnston (cricketer)\n\n\nJohn Johnston (15 February 1953 – 2 June 2008) was an English cricketer. Johnston was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium-fast. He was born in Chesterfield, Derbyshire. Johnston made his debut for Durham against Cumberland in the 1976 Minor Counties Championship. He played Minor counties cricket for Durham from 1976 to 1990, making 78 Minor Counties Championship appearances and 12 MCCA Knockout Trophy appearances. He made his List A debut against Northamptonshire in the 1977 Gillette Cup. He made 7 further List A", "id": "6296400" }, { "contents": "Frederick Wells (cricketer, born 1867)\n\n\nFrederick Wells (1 June 1867 – 3 March 1926) was an English cricketer. Wells was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium. He was born at Clayton, Sussex. Wells made his first-class debut for Sussex against the Marylebone Cricket Club at Lord's in 1891. He made a further first-class appearance in that season, against Gloucestershire at Clifton College Ground in the County Championship. Wells scored 7 runs in his two first-class matches. Wells later played minor counties cricket for", "id": "4104605" }, { "contents": "Raphael MacGinty\n\n\nRaphael Joseph Anthony MacGinty (born 22 March 1927) is a former English cricketer. MacGinty was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm off break. He was born at Croydon, Surrey. In 1951, MacGinty made his Minor Counties Championship debut for Cambridgeshire against the Northamptonshire Second XI. From 1951 to 1952, he represented the county in 7 Minor Counties matches, with his final appearance coming against Lincolnshire. MacGinty also played first-class cricket for Cambridge University, making his first-class debut against Leicestershire in", "id": "4321295" }, { "contents": "Godfrey Foljambe\n\n\nXI in 1892–93, making three first-class appearances on the tour. He made his final first-class appearance in May 1893 for the MCC against Cambridge University. In his five first-class matches, Foljambe scored 97 runs with a high score of 34. With his left-arm medium pace bowling, he took 9 wickets at an average of 16.11, with best figures of 4 for 32. In addition to playing first-class cricket, he also played minor counties cricket for Cambridgeshire in 1899, making a", "id": "20634688" }, { "contents": "Steven Lines\n\n\nSteven John Lines (born 16 March 1963) is a former English cricketer. Lines was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium pace. He was born in Luton, Bedfordshire. Lines made his debut for Bedfordshire against Buckinghamshire in the 1980 Minor Counties Championship. He played Minor counties cricket for Bedfordshire from 1980 to 1990, making 51 Minor Counties Championship appearances and 6 MCCA Knockout Trophy appearances. He made his List A debut against Somerset in the 1982 NatWest Trophy. He was dismissed for a single run by", "id": "5104321" }, { "contents": "Nick Pringle\n\n\nNicholas John Pringle (born 20 September 1966) is a former English cricketer who played for Somerset County Cricket Club between 1986 and 1991. A right-handed batsman and right-arm medium-fast bowler, he played 27 first-class matches and 12 List A matches during his career. He also made appearances in the Second Eleven Championship for Durham, Gloucestershire and Leicestershire. Pringle made his first-class debut for Somerset late in the 1986 season against Worcestershire, bowling 10 overs in the first-innings without a wicket", "id": "16048489" }, { "contents": "David Parsons (cricketer, born 1954)\n\n\n-class appearance for the Minor Counties cricket team against the touring Sri Lankans at Church Road, Reading. In the match he was run out for a single run in the Minor Counties first-innings, but wasn't required to bat in their second-innings. With the ball he claimed the wicket of number 11 batsman Ajit de Silva in the Sri Lankans first-innings, for the cost of 53 runs. He played his only List A match in 1984, when Cumberland played Derbyshire in the NatWest Trophy. In", "id": "19604563" }, { "contents": "James Thornton (cricketer)\n\n\nJames Richard Thornton (11 January 1861 – 1 March 1916) was an English cricketer. Thornton was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm fast. He was born at Horsham, Sussex. Thornton made three first-class appearances for Sussex. He made his debut against the touring Australians in 1880 at the County Ground, Hove, while the following season he made a second appearance against Hampshire at the same ground. His third appearance came in 1883 against the Marylebone Cricket Club at Lord's. In his three", "id": "6270100" }, { "contents": "James Thorpe (cricketer)\n\n\nJames Ashley Thorpe (born 20 January 1991) is an English cricketer. Thorpe is a right-handed batsman who bowls right-arm medium-fast. He was born in Switzerland at Geneva. Thorpe was educated at Warden Park School, before attending the University of Bath. Thrope made a single List A appearance for Sussex against the touring Bangladeshis at the County Ground, Hove, in 2010. Batting at number ten, Adkin contributed 3 runs to Sussex's total of 253 all out, ending the innings not out.", "id": "7194365" }, { "contents": "Martin Fearon\n\n\nRichard Martin Fearon (born 30 July 1991) is an English former cricketer. Fearon played as a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm off break. He was born in South Shields, County Durham. Having appeared once for the Durham Second XI in 2009, Fearon proceeded to make a single appearance for Northumberland in the 2010 Minor Counties Championship against Norfolk. While studying Automotive Materials Engineering at Loughborough University, Fearon made his first-class debut for Loughborough MCCU against Kent. In Loughborough's first-innings, he", "id": "20718910" }, { "contents": "Hugh Smith (cricketer)\n\n\nHugh Purefoy Smith (16 October 1856 – 9 September 1939) was an English cricketer. Smith was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium pace. He was born at Lasham, Hampshire. Smith made a single first-class appearance for Sussex against Surrey at the County Ground, Hove in 1878. In Surrey's first-innings, he took the wicket of Swainson Akroyd for the cost of 82 runs from 30 overs. In Sussex's first-innings, he was dismissed for 10 runs by Edward", "id": "8755201" }, { "contents": "Peter Birtwisle\n\n\nPeter Cresswell Birtwisle (born 2 August 1946) is a former English cricketer. Birtwisle was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium pace. He was born in Sunderland, County Durham. Birtwisle made his debut for Durham against the Warwickshire Second XI in the 1965 Minor Counties Championship. He played Minor counties cricket for Durham from 1965 to 1984, making 91 Minor Counties Championship appearances and 2 MCCA Knockout Trophy appearances. He made his List A debut against Worcestershire in the 1968 Gillette Cup. He made 10 further", "id": "6093894" }, { "contents": "Tim Rees\n\n\nTimothy Martyn Rees (born 4 September 1974) is a former English cricketer. Rees is a right-handed batsman who bowls right-arm off break. He was born at home in his mum's kitchen. Rees made his debut in county cricket for the Lancashire Cricket Board against Shropshire in the 2002 MCCA Knockout Trophy. In that same season he made a single first-class appearance for Lancashire against Somerset at the County Ground, Taunton, in the County Championship. He batted once in the match, scoring 16 runs", "id": "4655589" }, { "contents": "Steven Pheasant\n\n\nSteven Thomas Pheasant (born 25 June 1951) is a former English cricketer. Pheasant was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium pace. He was born at Southwark, London. Pheasant made a single first-class appearance for Sussex against Cambridge University in 1971. Pheasant was dismissed for a duck in Sussex's first-innings by Phil Edmonds, while in Cambridge University's first-innings he bowled 23 wicketless overs, though he only conceded 33 runs. In Sussex's second-innings, he ended", "id": "8516772" }, { "contents": "Philip Cartwright\n\n\nPhilip Cartwright (26 September 1880 – 21 November 1955) was an English cricketer who played all of his first-class cricket for Sussex. Cartwright played for the county prior to the First World War and briefly after it, making 84 appearances. He was a left-handed batsman who bowled left-arm medium pace. Born in Gibraltar, Cartwright made his first-class debut for Sussex against Derbyshire in the 1905 County Championship, with him making two further appearances in that season against Nottinghamshire and Northamptonshire. His next first", "id": "14460737" }, { "contents": "Roger White (cricketer)\n\n\nRoger Frank White (born 22 November 1943) is a former English cricketer. White was a right-handed batsman who bowled slow left-arm orthodox. He was born at Perivale, Sussex. White made his first-class debut for Middlesex against Nottinghamshire in 1964 County Championship. He made twelve further first-class appearances for the county, the last of which came against Oxford University in 1966. In his thirteen first-class matches for Middlesex, he took 17 wickets at an average of 30.47, with best figures", "id": "9171568" }, { "contents": "Timothy Smith (cricketer, born 1953)\n\n\nplaying 4 Benson and Hedges Cup matches against first-class opposition in 1984. The following season he played his only first-class match for the team against the touring Zimbabweans. In this match he scored 9 runs and took a single catch in the field. With the ball he took 7 wickets at a bowling average of 19.57, with a single five wicket haul which gave him best figures of 5/79. In 1992, he joined Cambridgeshire, making his Minor Counties Championship debut against Norfolk. Smith has represented the county in", "id": "11818110" }, { "contents": "David Thomas (cricketer, born 1963)\n\n\nmade a single first-class appearance for the team in 1990, against the touring Indians. He batted once in this match, scoring 27 runs in the Minor Counties first-innings, before being dismissed by Anil Kumble. With the ball, he bowled 15 wicket-less overs. He also appeared for the team in List A cricket, making his debut in that format for the Minor Counties against Somerset in the 1990 Benson & Hedges Cup. He 7 further List A matches for the team, the last coming against", "id": "20567729" }, { "contents": "Anthony Shillinglaw\n\n\nAnthony Laird Shillinglaw (born 25 May 1937) is a former English cricketer. Shillinglaw was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium pace. He was born in Birkenhead, Cheshire. Shillinglaw made his debut for Cheshire against the Lancashire Second XI in the 1959 Minor Counties Championship. He played Minor counties cricket for Durham from 1959 to 1971, making 25 Minor Counties Championship appearances. He made his List A debut against Surrey in the 1964 Gillette Cup. He made 3 further List A appearances, the last of", "id": "7093441" }, { "contents": "Malcolm Bell\n\n\nRobert Malcolm Hamilton Bell (born 26 February 1969) is a former English cricketer. He was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium pace. He was born in Hugh Town on the Isles of Scilly, Cornwall. Bell made his debut in county cricket for Cornwall in the 1990 MCCA Knockout Trophy against Wiltshire. In that same season he made his first-class debut for Gloucestershire against Glamorgan in the 1990 County Championship. He made two further first-class appearances, against Worcestershire in 1990 and Oxford University", "id": "4487820" }, { "contents": "Andrew Scott (cricketer)\n\n\nAndrew William Scott (13 February 1960 – 3 September 2006) was an Australian cricketer. Scott was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm fast-medium. He was born in Geelong, Victoria. Scott made his debut for Durham against Hertfordshire in the 1985 Minor Counties Championship. He played Minor counties cricket for Durham only in the 1985 season, making 6 Minor Counties Championship appearances and 4 MCCA Knockout Trophy appearances. He made his List A debut against Derbyshire in the 1985 NatWest Trophy. He bowled 8 wicket", "id": "6296609" }, { "contents": "Andrew Fox (cricketer)\n\n\nAndrew Fox (born 7 November 1962) is a former English cricketer. Fox was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium-fast. He was born in Holmfirth, Yorkshire. Fox made his debut for Cheshire in the 1987 MCCA Knockout Trophy against Cumberland. Fox played Minor counties cricket for Cheshire from 1987 to 1991, including 25 Minor Counties Championship matches and 12 MCCA Knockout Trophy matches. In 1987, he made his List A debut against Glamorgan in the NatWest Trophy. He played three further List A", "id": "2413687" }, { "contents": "Jonny Hughes\n\n\nJonathan 'Jonny' Adam Hughes (born 12 September 1985) is an English cricketer. Hughes is a right-handed batsman who bowls right-arm medium-fast. He was born in Slough, Berkshire. Hughes made his debut for Buckinghamshire in the 2003 MCCA Knockout Trophy against Wiltshire. His next Minor counties appearance for Buckinghamshire didn't come until 2008, when he played a further Trophy match against Cambridgeshire. He played a single Minor Counties Championship match in 2008 against Norfolk. Hughes made his first-class debut for", "id": "7871266" }, { "contents": "Harold Mead\n\n\nHarold Mead (13 June 1895 – 13 April 1921) was an English cricketer. Mead was a right-handed batsman who bowled slow left-arm orthodox. He was born at Walthamstow, Essex. Mead made his first-class debut for Essex against Derbyshire in the 1913 County Championship. He made three further first-class appearances for the county, the last of which came against Sussex in the 1914 County Championship. With the ball, he took just 3 wickets at an average of 64.66, with best figures of", "id": "1063208" }, { "contents": "Neil O'Brien (cricketer)\n\n\nNeil Terence O'Brien (born 9 March 1945) is a former English cricketer. O'Brien was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium pace. He was born in Heaton Moor, Lancashire. O'Brien made his debut for Cheshire in the 1970 Minor Counties Championship against the Yorkshire Second XI.Prior to playing for Cheshire O'Brien had represented Lancashire County Cricket Club at Colt and Second team level. He played Minor counties cricket for Cheshire from 1970 to 1991, making 194 Minor Counties Championship appearances and 23 MCCA Knockout Trophy appearances. He", "id": "6926479" }, { "contents": "Sir Dermot Milman, 8th Baronet\n\n\n. While at Cambridge, he made two appearances in first-class cricket for Cambridge University. The first came in 1932 against Sussex, while the second came against Northamptonshire in 1933. Playing as a slow left-arm orthodox bowler, he took 4 wickets in his two matches, with best figures of 3 for 55. In addition to playing first-class cricket, Milman also played minor counties cricket for Bedfordshire from 1931–36, making 36 appearances in the Minor Counties Championship. He made four rugby union Test appearances for England", "id": "21380059" }, { "contents": "Christopher Mays\n\n\nChristopher Sean Mays (born 11 May 1966) is an English former cricketer. Mays was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm off break. He was born at Brighton, Sussex. Prior to appearing in first-class cricket, Mays played for England Young Cricketers, playing two Youth Test matches and a single Youth One Day International against West Indies Young Cricketers in 1985. Mays later made his first-class debut for Sussex against Glamorgan in the 1986 County Championship. He made seven further first-class appearances", "id": "8641340" }, { "contents": "Kamran Sheeraz\n\n\nKamran Pasha Sheeraz (born 28 December 1973) is a former English cricketer. Sheeraz was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium-fast. He was born in Wellington, Shropshire. Sheeraz made his debut in county cricket for Bedfordshire against Suffolk in the 1992 MCCA Knockout Trophy. That season he also played 7 Minor Counties Championship matches. He later made his first-class debut for Gloucestershire against Northamptonshire in the 1994 County Championship. He made 12 further first-class appearances, the last of which came", "id": "5305981" }, { "contents": "Edward Milburn\n\n\nEdward Thomas Milburn (born 15 September 1967) is a former English cricketer. Milburn was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium pace. He was born in Nuneaton, Warwickshire. Milburn made his first-class debut for Warwickshire against Hampshire in the 1987 County Championship. He made 2 further first-class appearances in 1987 for Warwickshire, against Somerset and Sussex. In his 3 first-class matches for the county, he scored 37 runs at an average of 18.50, with a highest score of 24", "id": "4488455" }, { "contents": "Michael Record\n\n\nMichael Record (born 26 February 1966) was an English cricketer. He was a right-handed batsman and right-arm medium-pace bowler who played for Devon. He was born in Exeter. Record, who also made a single appearance in the Second XI Trophy for Somerset, as well as appearing in the Minor Counties Championship and Holt Cup for Devon between 1990 and 1993, made a single List A appearance for Devon against Essex. From the tailend, he scored 8 not out, and took figures of 0", "id": "22179500" }, { "contents": "Mark Crawley\n\n\nwith 8 half centuries, 3 centuries and a high score of 140. In the field he took 17 catches. With the ball he claimed 24 wickets at a bowling average of 62.29, with a single five wicket haul which gave him best figures of 6/92. While playing for the University, Crawley also made a single first-class appearance for a combined Oxford and Cambridge Universities team against the touring New Zealanders in 1990. In 1987, he made his debut in List A cricket for a Combined Universities team against Somerset in", "id": "10655451" }, { "contents": "Reginald Caryer\n\n\nReginald George Caryer (28 September 1895 – 7 June 1957) was an English cricketer. Caryer was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium-fast. He was born at Hougham, Kent. Caryer made a single first-class appearance for Sussex against Essex at the County Ground, Leyton in the 1922 County Championship. In Sussex's first-innings, he was dismissed for 5 runs by Jack Russell, while in their second-innings he was dismissed by Laurie Eastman for 7 runs. Essex won", "id": "11250718" }, { "contents": "John Glassford (cricketer)\n\n\nJohn Glassford (born 20 July 1946) is a former English cricketer. Glassford was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm fast-medium. He was born in Sunderland, County Durham. Glassford made his debut for Durham in the 1968 Minor Counties Championship against the Warwickshire Second XI. In 1969, he played two first-class matches for Warwickshire against Cambridge University and Scotland. In these two matches, he took a total of 5 wickets at an average of 32.20, with best figures of 2/9. He", "id": "12392440" }, { "contents": "Graham Johnson (cricketer, born 1958)\n\n\nGraham Johnson (born 1 May 1958) is a former English cricketer. Johnson was a left-handed batsman who bowled right-arm fast-medium. He was born in Hetton-le-Hole, County Durham. Johnson made his debut for Durham against Cheshire in the 1982 Minor Counties Championship. He played Minor counties cricket for Durham from 1982 to 1987, making 18 Minor Counties Championship appearances and 7 MCCA Knockout Trophy appearances. He made his List A debut against Northamptonshire in the 1984 NatWest Trophy. He made 4", "id": "6296571" }, { "contents": "Keith Trotter\n\n\nKeith Trotter (born 18 January 1962) is a former English cricketer. Trotter was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm fast-medium. He was born in Silksworth, County Durham. Trotter made his debut for Durham against Cumberland in 1988 Minor Counties Championship. He played Minor counties cricket for Durham in 1988 and 1989, making 3 Minor Counties Championship appearances. He made his only List A appearance against Middlesex in the 1989 NatWest Trophy. In this match, he took the wickets of Mike Gatting and Mark", "id": "6407061" }, { "contents": "Kenneth Mathews (cricketer)\n\n\nKenneth Patrick Arthur Mathews (born 10 May 1926) is a former English cricketer. Mathews was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium pace. He was born at West Worthing, Sussex, and was educated at Felsted School. Mathews made his first-class debut for Sussex against Cambridge University in 1950. He made three further first-class appearances for the county in that season, against Surrey, Kent and Northamptonshire in the County Championship. He scored his maiden first-class half century against Kent,", "id": "13434733" }, { "contents": "Walter Reed (cricketer)\n\n\nWalter Bartlett Reed (4 February 1839 – 17 March 1880) was an English cricketer. Reed was a right-handed batsman who bowled left-arm roundarm fast. He was born at Sompting, Sussex. Reed made his first-class debut for Sussex against Surrey in 1860. He made five further first-class appearances for the county that season, the last of which came against the Marylebone Cricket Club. In his six first-class appearances, he scored a total of 38 runs at an average of 4.22,", "id": "16287081" }, { "contents": "Jason Weaver (cricketer)\n\n\nJason Richard Weaver (born 11 August 1968) is a former English cricketer. Weaver was a right-handed batsman who fielded as a wicket-keeper. He was born in Wellington, Shropshire. Weaver made his debut for Shropshire County Cricket Club in the 1989 Minor Counties Championship against Wiltshire. Weaver played Minor counties cricket for Shropshire from 1989 to 1991, making 11 Minor Counties Championship appearances and a single MCCA Knockout Trophy match. He made two List A cricket appearances for Shropshire, making his debut against Derbyshire in the 1990", "id": "21148110" }, { "contents": "Lawson Roll\n\n\nLawson Macgregor Roll (born 8 March 1965) is a former English cricketer. Roll was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm off break. He was born in Thornbury, Gloucestershire. Roll made his only first-class appearance for Gloucestershire against the touring Sri Lankans in 1984. In this match he wasn't required to bat and with the ball he bowled 15 wicket-less overs. He later played 2 MCCA Knockout Trophy matches for the Gloucestershire Cricket Board, against Wiltshire in 1999 and Herefordshire in 2000.", "id": "4487862" }, { "contents": "Harry Killick\n\n\nHarry Killick (13 July 1837 – 22 November 1877) was an English cricketer. Killick was a left-handed batsman who bowls right-arm roundarm medium. He was born at Crabtree, Sussex. Killick made his first-class debut for Sussex against Surrey at The Oval in 1866. Killick played first-class cricket for Sussex to 1875, making a total of forty appearances, the last of which came against Hampshire at the County Ground, Hove. In his forty first-class appearances for the county, he", "id": "11009846" }, { "contents": "Tom Bartram\n\n\nThomas Stephen Bartram (born 11 February 1986) is an English cricketer. Bartram is a right-handed batsman who bowls right-arm medium-fast. He was born in York, Yorkshire. While studying for his degree at Durham University, Bartram made his first-class debut for Durham UCCE against Surrey in 2006. He made a further first-class appearance for the university in 2006, against Lancashire. In his two first-class matches, he took 3 wickets at an average of 48.33, with best figures", "id": "8523111" }, { "contents": "Alfred Brackpool\n\n\nAlfred Brackpool (11 October 1857 – 24 October 1927) was an English cricketer who played in one first-class cricket match for Sussex. Brackpool was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium-pace. He was born at Crawley Down, Sussex. Brackpool made a single first-class appearance for Sussex against the Marylebone Cricket Club at Lord's in 1880. In Sussex's first innings he was dismissed for 2 runs by George Hearne. He took the wicket of Thomas Pearson in the Marylebone Cricket Club", "id": "12034871" }, { "contents": "Christopher Batt (cricketer)\n\n\nChristopher James Batt (born 22 September 1976) is a former English cricketer. Batt was a left-handed batsman who bowled left-arm medium-fast. He was born at Taplow, Buckinghamshire and educated at Cox Green School in Maidenhead, Berkshire. Batt played a single Minor Counties Championship match for Berkshire in 1997 against Herefordshire. He also made his debut in the MCCA Knockout Trophy for the county by playing a single match against Buckinghamshire. During that same season he played a single first-class match for Sussex against", "id": "21196990" }, { "contents": "Bob Herkes\n\n\nClub at Lord's. He made two further first-class appearances for the county, both in the 1979 County Championship against Sussex and Worcestershire. Herkes failed to score any runs in first-class cricket, while in his primary role as a bowler, he took 6 wickets at an average of 15.50. All of these wickets came in a single innings against Worcestershire. Herkes also played List A cricket for Middlesex, making his debut in that format against Leicestershire in the 1978 John Player League. He made two further appearances", "id": "13936586" }, { "contents": "Nick Clewley\n\n\nNicholas James Clewley (born 13 June 1983) is an English cricketer. Clewley is a right-handed batsman who bowls right-arm fast-medium. He was born in Wolverhampton, Staffordshire. Clewley made his debut for Shropshire against Oxfordshire in the 2004 Minor Counties Championship. He played Minor counties cricket for Shropshire from 2004 to 2006, making six appearances in the Minor Counties Championship and three MCCA Knockout Trophy appearances. While studying for his degree at Loughborough University, Clewley made his first-class debut for Loughborough UCCE against", "id": "7845952" }, { "contents": "Simon Steel\n\n\nSimon Andrew Steel (born 2 October 1969) is a former English cricketer. Steel was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm fast-medium. He was born at Ipswich, Suffolk. Steel made his debut in Minor counties cricket for Suffolk in the 1996 Minor Counties Championship against Bedfordshire. He made three further appearances in that season's competition, playing in matches against Staffordshire and Norfolk. In that same season he played a single List A match against first-class county Somerset in the NatWest Trophy at the", "id": "15114362" }, { "contents": "Harry Love (cricketer)\n\n\nHarry Love (30 May 1871 – 26 March 1942) was an English cricketer. Love was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm slow-medium. He was born at Hastings, Sussex. Love made his first-class debut for Sussex against Cambridge University in 1893. He made four further first-class appearances for the county, the last of which came against the Marylebone Cricket Club in 1894. In his five first-class matches, he had ten batting innings, scoring a total of 110 runs", "id": "8456727" }, { "contents": "Paul Hindmarch\n\n\nPaul Robert Hindmarch (born 8 February 1988) is an English cricketer. Hindmarch is a right-handed batsman who bowls right-arm medium-fast. He was born at Carlisle, Cumberland, and was educated as Keswick School. Hindmarch made his debut for Cumberland against Lincolnshire in the 2006 Minor Counties Championship. His next appearance for Cumberland didn't come until 2009, against Northumberland in the Minor Counties Championship, having between those appearances played second XI cricket for a number of first-class counties. His next appearance for", "id": "19122877" }, { "contents": "Ben Raine\n\n\nBenjamin Alexander Raine (born 14 September 1991) is an English cricketer. Raine is a left-handed batsman who bowls right-arm medium-fast, playing for Leicestershire. He was born in Sunderland, County Durham. Raine made a single appearance for Northumberland against Shropshire in 2010 MCCA Knockout Trophy. In 2011, Raine made his debut for Durham in a List A match in the Clydesdale Bank 40 against Warwickshire. Later in the 2011 season, Raine made his first-class debut against Sri Lanka A. In this match", "id": "10992827" }, { "contents": "Peter Gooch\n\n\nPeter Anthony Gooch (born 2 May 1949) is a former English cricketer. Gooch was a left-handed batsman who bowled right-arm fast-medium. He was born in Timperley, Cheshire. Gooch made his first-class debut for Lancashire against Oxford University in 1970. He played 3 further first-class matches in 1970, the last coming against Glamorgan in the County Championship. In his 4 first-class matches for Lancashire, he took 6 wickets at bowling average of 42.00, with best figures of 4/52", "id": "8382576" }, { "contents": "Herbert Chard\n\n\nHerbert William Chard (17 October 1869 – 9 January 1932) was an English cricketer. Chard was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium pace. He was born at Westbury, Bristol. Chard made two first-class appearances for Gloucestershire in 1889 against Surrey at The Oval and Sussex at the County Ground, Hove. He scored 35 runs at an average of 8.75, with a high score of 32, while with the ball he took 3 wickets at a bowling average of 45.33, with best figures", "id": "21845539" }, { "contents": "Aamer Khan (cricketer, born 1969)\n\n\nfour wicketless overs. His next appearance in first-class cricket came back in England in 1995 for Middlesex against Cambridge University. He made two further first-class appearances for Middlesex, both in 1995 against Oxford University and Sussex, with Khan taking a total of 8 wickets in his three matches, at an average of 17.75, with best figures of 4/51. These were his only appearances for Middlesex. He joined Sussex for the 1997 season, making his debut for the county against Northamptonshire in the County Championship. He followed", "id": "9339081" }, { "contents": "Charles Clifton (cricketer)\n\n\nCharles Clifton (13 January 1846 – date of death unknown) was an English cricketer. Clifton was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm roundarm fast. He was born at Ruddington, Nottinghamshire. Clifton made his first-class debut for Nottinghamshire against Surrey in 1873 at The Oval, with him making a further first-class appearance that season against Sussex at the County Ground, Hove. Six first-class appearances for the county followed in 1874, while in 1875 he made a first-class appearance for", "id": "8288553" }, { "contents": "Bill Johnson (cricketer)\n\n\nWilliam 'Bill' Johnson (born 27 February 1959) is a former English cricketer. Johnson was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm off break. He was born in Sunderland, County Durham. Johnson made his debut for Durham against Bedfordshire in 1986 Minor Counties Championship. He played Minor counties cricket for Durham from 1986 to 1988, making 7 Minor Counties Championship appearances and 4 MCCA Knockout Trophy appearances. He made his only List A appearance against Somerset in the 1988 NatWest Trophy. He scored 16 runs in", "id": "6296623" }, { "contents": "Peter Cousens (cricketer)\n\n\nPeter Cousens (born 15 May 1932) is a South African-born former English cricketer. He was a right-handed batsman who bowled slow left-arm orthodox. He was born in Durban, Natal. Cousens made his first-class debut for Essex against Lancashire in the 1950 County Championship. He made 38 further first-class appearances for Essex, the last of which came against Sussex in the 1955 County Championship. In his 39 first-class appearances for Essex, he took 44 wickets at a bowling average", "id": "19235363" }, { "contents": "James Carpenter (cricketer)\n\n\nJames Robert Carpenter (born 20 October 1975) is a former English cricketer. Carpenter was a left-handed batsman who bowled slow left-arm orthodox. He was born at Birkenhead, Cheshire. Carpenter made a single Minor Counties Championship appearance for Cheshire against Oxfordshire in 1996, before joining Sussex in 1997. In that same year he made his first-class debut for the county against Surrey in the County Championship. He made infrequent appearances for Sussex in first-class cricket, making twelve more appearances, the last of", "id": "17934867" } ]

[ { "contents": "Philip Threlfall\n\n\nPhilip Walter Threlfall (born 11 February 1967) is a former English cricketer. Threlfall was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium-fast. He was born at Barrow-in-Furness, Lancashire. Threfall played for Cumberland in 1987, making a single appearance in the Minor Counties Championship against Cambridgeshire and a single appearance in the MCCA Knockout Trophy against Cheshire. In 1988, Threfall played Second XI cricket for Sussex, with him also making his first-class debut for the county in that season against", "id": "17653088" }, { "contents": "Philip Threlfall\n\n\nSomerset at the Recreation Ground, Bath. He played regularly for the Sussex Second XI, but would only make two further first-class appearances for the county, against the touring Sri Lankans in 1990 and Cambridge University in 1991. He never batted in his three first-class appearances, but with the ball he took 7 wickets at an average of 18.57, with best figures of 3/45. He also made a single List A appearance for the county against the touring Zimbabweans in 1990. He ended Sussex's innings of 233/8", "id": "17653089" }, { "contents": "Harry Newton (cricketer)\n\n\nHarry Newton (2 May 1935 – 22 December 2014) was an English cricketer. Newton was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm fast-medium. He was born at Little Lever, Lancashire. Newton made two first-class appearances for Sussex against Hampshire and Essex in the 1966 County Championship. Against Hampshire, Newton ended unbeaten on 16 in Sussex's first-innings of 153, while in Hampshire's first-innings he took what would be his only first-class five wicket haul, with figures", "id": "14840593" }, { "contents": "Henry Gregory (cricketer)\n\n\nHenry Vernon Gregory (born 18 January 1936) is a former English cricketer. Gregory was a right-handed batsman who bowled leg break. He was born at Manchester, Lancashire. Gregory made a single Minor Counties Championship appearance for Cheshire against the Warwickshire Second XI. He later made a single first-class appearance for Sussex against Cambridge University at Fenner's in 1960. He was dismissed for 4 runs in Sussex's first-innings by Alan Hurd, while in their second-innings, he was dismissed for 14 runs", "id": "8516784" }, { "contents": "Andrew Pearson (cricketer)\n\n\nAndrew Stuart Pearson (born 25 September 1957) is a former English cricketer. Pearson was a left-handed batsman who bowled right-arm off break. He was born in Rustington, Sussex. Having played for the Northamptonshire Second XI between 1974 and 1980, Pearson later made his debut for Bedfordshire against Buckinghamshire in the 1981 Minor Counties Championship. He played Minor counties cricket for Bedfordshire from 1981 to 1987, making 40 Minor Counties Championship appearances and 8 MCCA Knockout Trophy appearances. He made his List A debut against Somerset in", "id": "5306586" }, { "contents": "Jeremy Green (cricketer)\n\n\nJeremy Arthur Graham Green (born 17 September 1984) is a former English first-class cricketer. Green is a right-handed batsman who bowls right-arm medium-fast. He was born at Cuckfield, Sussex. Green made his List A debut for Sussex in what was his only career List A game, against West Indies A 2002. Following this, Green represented the Sussex Second XI for the next few years, before making his only career first-class appearance when Sussex played Sri Lanka at the County Ground", "id": "18948924" }, { "contents": "Philip Wormald\n\n\nPhilip Bryan Wormald (born 4 May 1963) is a former English cricketer. Wormald was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium-fast. He was born in Sutton-in-Ashfield, Nottinghamshire. Wormald made his debut for Shropshire in the 1987 Minor Counties Championship against the Somerset Second XI. Wormald played Minor counties cricket for Shropshire from 1987 to 1991, which included 32 Minor Counties Championship appearances and 8 MCCA Knockout Trophy appearances. He made his List A debut against Hampshire in the 1988 NatWest Trophy", "id": "21289907" }, { "contents": "Alan Wadey\n\n\nAlan Nigel Charles Wadey (born 12 September 1950) is a former English cricketer. Wadey was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium pace. He was born at Billingshurst, Sussex. Wadey made a single first-class appearance for Sussex against Yorkshire at the County Ground, Hove in the 1975 County Championship. Wadey batted twice in this match, ending unbeaten without scoring in each innings. With the ball he took a single wicket, that of Richard Lumb for the cost of 44 runs from 8 overs", "id": "8050823" }, { "contents": "Richard Elms\n\n\nRichard Burtenshaw Elms (born 5 April 1949) is a former English professional cricketer. Elms played as an all-rounder who batted right-handed and bowled left-arm fast-medium pace. He was born in Sutton in Surrey in 1949. Having played for the county second Xi since 1967, Elms made his first-class cricket debut for Kent County Cricket Club in the 1970 County Championship against Hampshire. In 1971 he appeared more regularly for Kent, making his List A cricket debut against Sussex. Elms played for", "id": "164150" }, { "contents": "Reuben Herbert\n\n\n3 List A matches for Suffolk, he took just a single wickets at an average of 82.00, with best figures of 1/37. He played for the Minor Counties cricket team in the 1986 Benson & Hedges Cup, making 4 appearances for the team. It was for the Minor Counties that he made his final 2 first-class appearances for. The first of these came against the touring Zimbabweans in 1985. He bowled 8 wicket-less overs in the Zimbabweans first-innings, while in the Minor Counties first-innings", "id": "3624912" }, { "contents": "Gerald Cogger\n\n\nGerald Lyndley Cogger (born 7 September 1933) is a former English cricketer. Cogger was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium-fast. He was born at Uckfield, East Sussex. Cogger made his first-class debut for Sussex against Oxford University in 1954. He made seven further first-class appearances for the county, all of which came in the 1957 season, and the last of which came against Somerset. In his eight first-class appearances, Cogger took 7 wickets at an average", "id": "8050935" }, { "contents": "John Tindale\n\n\nJohn Tindale (born 9 October 1967) is a former English cricketer. Tindale was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium-fast. He was born in Durham, County Durham. Tindale made his debut for Durham against Bedfordshire in 1988 Minor Counties Championship. He played Minor counties cricket for Durham from 1988 to 1990, making 17 Minor Counties Championship appearances and 2 MCCA Knockout Trophy appearances. He made his only List A appearance against Somerset in the 1988 NatWest Trophy. He scored 30 runs in this match", "id": "6406994" }, { "contents": "Dick Harrison (cricketer)\n\n\nRichard \"Dick\" Harrison was an English cricketer. Harrison was a left-handed batsman who bowled right-arm fast-medium. He was born in Clitheroe, Lancashire. Harrison played for Lancashire Second XI from 1906 to 1908. He joined Durham in 1910, making his debut for the county in the 1910 Minor Counties Championship against Northumberland. He played Minor counties cricket for Durham from 1910 to 1913, making 23 appearances. During this period he made a single first-class appearance for the Minor Counties against the touring", "id": "12592293" }, { "contents": "Charles Pimlott\n\n\nteam in 2000, against the touring Zimbabweans. Across his eleven appearances at first-class level, Pimlott scored 72 runs with a high score of 31 not out, alongside 17 wickets with his right-arm fast-medium bowling, taken at an average of 34.47, with best figures of 3 for 10. He played briefly for Lincolnshire in minor counties cricket, making one appearance against the Nottinghamshire Cricket Board in the 2001 MCCA Knockout Trophy. After graduating from Cambridge, Pimlott was called to the bar in 2001 as a", "id": "3251591" }, { "contents": "John Clarke (cricketer, born 1948)\n\n\nJohn Michael Clarke (born 25 December 1948) is a former English cricketer. Clarke was a left-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium-fast. He was born at Barcombe, Sussex. Clarke made a single first-class appearance for Sussex against Hampshire at the United Services Recreation Ground, Portsmouth, in the 1969 County Championship. In Sussex's first-innings of 159, Clarke was run out for a duck, while in their second-innings of 233, he was dismissed for the same score by", "id": "8208510" }, { "contents": "Paul Christie (cricketer)\n\n\nPaul Christie (born 9 February 1971 in Sunderland, County Durham) is a former English cricketer. Christie was a right-handed batsman who bowled left-arm medium-fast. Christie made a single first-class appearance for the Marylebone Cricket Club against M Parkinson's World XI at the North Marine Road Ground, Scarborough. In this match, he bowled 13 wicket-less overs for the cost of 63 runs in the World XIs first-innings, while in their second-innings he took 3 wickets for the", "id": "12392619" }, { "contents": "Phil Lewis (cricketer)\n\n\nPhilip David Lewis (born 4 October 1981) is an English cricketer. Lewis is a right-handed batsman who bowls right-arm fast-medium. He was born in Liss, Hampshire. Having played Second XI cricket for the Somerset Second XI in 2002, Lewis made his first-class debut for Loughborough UCCE against Surrey in 2003. He appeared in 4 further first-class matches for Loughborough UCCE, the last coming against Sussex in 2004. In his 5 matches, he scored 115 runs at a batting average", "id": "14893257" }, { "contents": "Russell Evans (cricketer)\n\n\ntook 3 wickets at a bowling average of 32.33, with best figures of 3/40. With opportunities limited at Nottinghamshire, he left the county at the end of the 1990 season. He later joined Lincolnshire, making his debut against Northumberland in the 1993 MCCA Knockout Trophy. He played Minor counties cricket from 1993 to 1997, making 33 Minor Counties Championship appearances and 10 MCCA Knockout Trophy appearances. He played his first List A match for the county against Glamorgan in the 1994 NatWest Trophy. He made 2 further List A appearances for", "id": "5168780" }, { "contents": "Gerald Sly\n\n\nGerald Brian Sly (born 21 October 1932) is a former English cricketer. Sly was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm fast-medium. He was born at Ealing, Middlesex. Sly made a single first-class appearance for Sussex against Oxford University at the County Ground, Hove in 1953. He didn't bat in this match, but did take the wicket of Colin Cowdrey in Oxford University's first-innings. The match ended in a draw. This was his only major appearance for Sussex", "id": "8050962" }, { "contents": "Charles Burgess\n\n\nCharles Thomas Burgess (30 June 1886 – 14 January 1978) was an English cricketer. Burgess was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm slow. He was born at Hastings, Sussex. Burgess made a single first-class appearance for Sussex against Nottinghamshire at the County Ground, Hove in the 1919 County Championship. In Sussex's first-innings, he was dismissed for 2 runs by Benjamin Flint. Burgess took 3 wickets in Nottinghamshire's first and only innings, finishing with figures of 3/39 from eleven overs", "id": "11250696" }, { "contents": "Courtney Ricketts\n\n\nCourtney Ian Oswald Ricketts (born 26 April 1965) is a former English cricketer. Ricketts was a right-handed batsman who bowled slow left-arm orthodox. He was born at Kennington, London. Ricketts made his first-class debut for Sussex against Gloucestershire in the 1987 County Championship. He made two further first-class appearances for the county in that season, against Worcestershire and Hampshire. In his three first-class matches, he took 5 wickets at an average of 50.60, with best figures of 2/40.", "id": "17653183" }, { "contents": "Edwin Woodhams\n\n\nEdwin Fehrsen Woodhams (22 February 1880 – 8 February 1933) was an English cricketer. Woodham's batting and bowling styles are unknown. He was born at Seaford, Sussex. Woodhams made a single first-class appearance for Sussex against Somerset at County Ground, Hove in the 1905 County Championship. He was dismissed for a duck in Sussex's first-innings by Len Braund, while in their second-innings he ended unbeaten on 14 to guide Sussex to a 2 wicket win. This was his only major appearance for", "id": "13085945" }, { "contents": "John Davis (cricketer, born 1943)\n\n\nMichael John Davis (18 August 1943 – 13 October 2000) was an English cricketer. Davis was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm fast-medium. He was born at Bolton, Lancashire. Davis made his debut for Cheshire in the 1961 Minor Counties Championship against Staffordshire. He made eight further appearances for the county in that season. He played Second XI cricket for Northamptonshire in 1962, while the following season he made his only first-class appearance for the county against Oxford University. He wasn't", "id": "6365888" }, { "contents": "Peter Heseltine\n\n\nPeter Anthony William Heseltine (born 5 April 1965) is a former English cricketer. Heseltine was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm off break. He was born at Barnsley, Yorkshire. Heseltine made his first-class debut for Sussex against the touring Pakistanis in 1987. He made nineteen further first-class appearances for the county, the last of which came against Surrey in the 1988 County Championship. In his twenty first-class appearances, he took 22 wickets at an average of 48.59, with best", "id": "16489351" }, { "contents": "Andrew Henderson (cricketer)\n\n\nAndrew Arthur Henderson (born 14 July 1941) is a former English cricketer. Henderson was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium pace. He was born in Chadwell Heath, Essex. Henderson made his debut for Buckinghamshire in the 1964 Minor Counties Championship against Berkshire. Henderson played two further Minor Counties Championship fixtures for the county in 1965, against Hertfordshire and Berkshire. Having played Second XI cricket for the Sussex Second XI since 1968, Henderson made his only first-class appearance for Sussex in the 1972 County", "id": "10548307" }, { "contents": "David Halliwell (cricketer)\n\n\nDavid Halliwell (born 11 December 1948) is a former English cricketer. Halliwell was a left-handed batsman who bowled right-arm fast-medium. He was born in Leyland, Lancashire. Halliwell initially played Minor Counties Championship cricket for Cheshire from 1978 to 1979. He later joined Cumberland, making his debut for the county in the 1981 Minor Counties Championship against the Lancashire Second XI. Halliwell played Minor counties cricket for Cumberland from 1981 to 1990, including 59 Minor Counties Championship matches and 7 MCCA Knockout Trophy matches.", "id": "566498" }, { "contents": "David Sabine\n\n\nDavid John Sabine (born 6 June 1966) is a New Zealand born former English cricketer. Sabine played as a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium pace. He was born at Papakura near Auckland. Sabine made a single first-class cricket appearance for Kent County Cricket Club against the touring West Indians at the St Lawrence Ground in 1988. In the same season he made a single List A appearance against Sussex at Mote Park in the Refuge Assurance League. These were his only senior appearances for Kent,", "id": "557880" }, { "contents": "Roger Miller (cricketer, born 1938)\n\n\nRoger Simon Miller (born 16 February 1938) was an English cricketer. He was a left-handed batsman and right-arm medium-fast bowler who played first-class cricket for Marylebone Cricket Club. He was born in Seaford, Sussex. Miller made a single first-class appearance for the side, during the 1959 season, against Oxford University. Following this, he made at least eleven appearances for Sussex's Second XI. Miller made a single List A appearance for Dorset in the 1968 Gillette Cup. He", "id": "16750904" }, { "contents": "Arthur Lawrence\n\n\nArthur Alfred Kenneth Lawrence (born 3 November 1930) is a former English cricketer. Lawrence was a right-handed batsman who bowled leg break. He was born at Marlborough, Wiltshire. Lawrence made his first-class debut for Sussex against Oxford University in 1954, with him playing a second match that season against Leicestershire in the County Championship. He next appeared for Sussex in 1954, making 26 further first-class appearances between 1954 and 1956, with his final first-class appearance coming against Northamptonshire in the 1956 County", "id": "19143734" }, { "contents": "Robert Entwistle\n\n\nof 25.00, with a high score of 48. He left Lancashire at the end of the 1966 season. In 1967, Entwistle joined Cumberland, making his debut for the county in the Minor Counties Championship against Durham. He played Minor counties cricket for Cumberland from 1967 to 1984, making 91 Minor Counties Championship and two MCCA Knockout Trophy appearances. During this time he also made a single first-class appearance for the Minor Counties against the touring West Indians in 1976, scoring 8 runs in the Minor Counties first-innings", "id": "15737473" }, { "contents": "Gary Speak\n\n\nGary John Speak (born 26 April 1962) is a former English cricketer. Speak was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm fast-medium. He was born at Chorley, Lancashire. Speak made his first-class debut for Lancashire against the touring Sri Lankans in 1981. He made a further appearance in the 1981 County Championship against Essex. He made three further first-class appearances in 1982, against Cambridge University, Derbyshire and Surrey. In his five first-class appearances, he bowled a total", "id": "5490505" }, { "contents": "Arthur Sharood\n\n\nArthur John Sharood (9 August 1856 – 31 March 1895) was an English cricketer. Sharood was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm fast-medium. He was born at Hurstpierpoint, Sussex, and was educated at Hurstpierpoint College. Sharood made a single first-class appearance for Sussex against Surrey at the County Ground, Hove, in 1879. He took two wickets, both in Surrey's first-innings, dismissing John Shuter and Leonard Shuter and finishing with figures of 2/51 from 26 overs. The", "id": "12294995" }, { "contents": "Eric Palmer (cricketer)\n\n\nEric John Palmer (born 16 June 1931) is a former English cricketer. Palmer was a left-handed batsman who bowled left-arm fast-medium. He was born at Romford, Essex. Palmer played Second XI cricket for Essex in 1955, as well as making a single appearance for Berkshire in that seasons Minor Counties Championship against Devon. He played for the Essex Second XI the following season, before making his first-class debut for Essex in the 1957 County Championship against Gloucestershire. He made three further first", "id": "7814992" }, { "contents": "Thomas White (Sussex cricketer)\n\n\nThomas Reginald White (3 July 1892 – 7 May 1979) was an English cricketer. White was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm fast-medium. He was born at Basingstoke, Hampshire. White made a single first-class appearance for Sussex against Cambridge University in 1928. In this match, he scored 9 runs in Sussex's first-innings, before being dismissed by Denis Blundell, while in their second-innings he was dismissed him for 4 by Maurice Allom. Cambridge University won the match", "id": "8456981" }, { "contents": "Dexter Fitton\n\n\nJohn Dexter Fitton (born 24 August 1965) is a former English cricketer. Fitton is a left-handed batsman who bowls right-arm off break. He was born in Littleborough, Lancashire. Fitton made his first-class debut for Lancashire against Hampshire in the 1987 County Championship. He made 51 further first-class appearances for the county, the last of which came against Sussex in the 1992 County Championship. In these matches, he took 82 wickets at an average of 53.15, with best figures of 6/59.", "id": "16136741" }, { "contents": "Steven Bramhall\n\n\nSteven Bramhall (born 26 November 1967) is a former English cricketer. Bramhall was a right-handed batsman who fielded as a wicket-keeper. He was born in Warrington, Lancashire. Bramhall made his debut in county cricket for Cheshire in the 1988 Minor Counties Championship final against Cambridgeshire, having played Second XI cricket for the Worcestershire Second XI prior to that. He played Minor counties cricket for Cheshire from 1989 to 1991, playing in both the Minor Counties Championship and MCCA Knockout Trophy. In the 1990 County Championship,", "id": "3873390" }, { "contents": "Martin Bamber\n\n\nMartin John Bamber (born 7 January 1961) is a former English cricketer. Bamber was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium pace. He was born in Cheam, Surrey. Having previously played Second XI cricket for Middlesex and Surrey between 1976 and 1981, Bamber eventually joined Northamptonshire, making his first-class debut for the county against Cambridge University in 1982. He made a further twelve first-class appearances for the county, the last of which came against Somerset in the 1984 County Championship. In", "id": "15737373" }, { "contents": "Horace Mitchell\n\n\nHorace Mitchell (19 January 1858 – 4 January 1951) was an English cricketer. Mitchell was a right-handed batsman by bowled right-arm medium-fast. He was born at West Tarring, Sussex. Mitchell made his first-class debut for Sussex against the Marylebone Cricket Club in 1882. He made two further appearances in that season for Sussex against Hampshire and Yorkshire, before next appearing for Sussex in first-class cricket in the 1891 County Championship against Lancashire. He made four further first-class appearances for", "id": "21486018" }, { "contents": "Gavin Byram\n\n\nGavin James Byram (born 15 February 1974) is a former English cricketer. Byram was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm fast-medium. He was born in Shrewsbury, Shropshire. Byram made his debut for Shropshire in the 1992 Minor Counties Championship against Herefordshire. Byram played Minor counties cricket for Shropshire from 1992 to 2002, which included 50 Minor Counties Championship appearances and 26 MCCA Knockout Trophy appearances. He made his List A debut against Sussex in the 1997 NatWest Trophy. He made 7 further List A", "id": "21095697" }, { "contents": "Alastair Scott (cricketer)\n\n\nselected to play in the Combined Universities team to play in the 1985 Benson & Hedges Cup, making his List A debut in the tournament against Surrey and making three further appearances in the competition. In 1986, he made seven first-class appearances for the university, taking 18 wickets at an average of 45.22, with best figures of 4/100. He also made a single first-class appearance each for a combined Oxford and Cambridge Universities team against the touring New Zealanders and for Sussex against Worcestershire in the County Championship. He", "id": "13068989" }, { "contents": "Jackie Keeler\n\n\nJohn George Keeler (2 May 1924 – 9 October 2005) was an English cricketer. Keeler was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium pace. He was born in South Moor, County Durham. Keeler made his debut for Durham in the 1949 Minor Counties Championship against the Lancashire Second XI. He played Minor counties cricket for Durham from 1949 to 1957, making 54 appearances. During this period he made a single first-class appearance for the Minor Counties against the touring Australians in 1953. He was", "id": "12592970" }, { "contents": "Robert Grant (cricketer)\n\n\nRobert John Grant (born 28 July 1965) is a former English cricketer. Grant was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium pace. He was born in Leamington Spa, Warwickshire. Grant made his debut for Staffordshire in the 1989 MCCA Knockout Trophy against Cheshire. Grant played Minor counties cricket for Staffordshire from 1989 to 1990, playing a further MCCA Knockout Trophy match against Shropshire in 1990, while having made a single Minor Counties Championship appearance in 1989 against Bedfordshire. In 1989, he made his List A", "id": "18361281" }, { "contents": "Alan Hansford\n\n\nHaving played for the Sussex Second XI since 1987, it was in the 1989 season that he made his first-class debut for Sussex against Cambridge University at Hove, taking figures of 4/46 and 4/29 during the match. During his time at Sussex, he featured infrequently in first-class cricket, making just nine further appearances, the last of which came against Hampshire in the 1992 County Championship. Primarily a bowler, Hansford took 30 wickets in his ten first-class appearances, which came at an average of 33.03,", "id": "9057057" }, { "contents": "Gordon Potter (cricketer)\n\n\nGordon Potter (born 26 October 1931) is a former English cricketer. Potter was a right-handed batsman who bowled leg break. He was born at Dormansland, Surrey, England. Potter made his first-class debut for Sussex against Cambridge University at Fenner's in 1949. His next first-class appearance for Sussex didn't come until 1953, when he played against Cambridge University, which was also his only appearance in that season. He began to play more regularly for Sussex from 1954, making a further 52", "id": "7344655" }, { "contents": "Johnny Johnston (cricketer)\n\n\nJohn Johnston (15 February 1953 – 2 June 2008) was an English cricketer. Johnston was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium-fast. He was born in Chesterfield, Derbyshire. Johnston made his debut for Durham against Cumberland in the 1976 Minor Counties Championship. He played Minor counties cricket for Durham from 1976 to 1990, making 78 Minor Counties Championship appearances and 12 MCCA Knockout Trophy appearances. He made his List A debut against Northamptonshire in the 1977 Gillette Cup. He made 7 further List A", "id": "6296400" }, { "contents": "Frederick Wells (cricketer, born 1867)\n\n\nFrederick Wells (1 June 1867 – 3 March 1926) was an English cricketer. Wells was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium. He was born at Clayton, Sussex. Wells made his first-class debut for Sussex against the Marylebone Cricket Club at Lord's in 1891. He made a further first-class appearance in that season, against Gloucestershire at Clifton College Ground in the County Championship. Wells scored 7 runs in his two first-class matches. Wells later played minor counties cricket for", "id": "4104605" }, { "contents": "Raphael MacGinty\n\n\nRaphael Joseph Anthony MacGinty (born 22 March 1927) is a former English cricketer. MacGinty was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm off break. He was born at Croydon, Surrey. In 1951, MacGinty made his Minor Counties Championship debut for Cambridgeshire against the Northamptonshire Second XI. From 1951 to 1952, he represented the county in 7 Minor Counties matches, with his final appearance coming against Lincolnshire. MacGinty also played first-class cricket for Cambridge University, making his first-class debut against Leicestershire in", "id": "4321295" }, { "contents": "Godfrey Foljambe\n\n\nXI in 1892–93, making three first-class appearances on the tour. He made his final first-class appearance in May 1893 for the MCC against Cambridge University. In his five first-class matches, Foljambe scored 97 runs with a high score of 34. With his left-arm medium pace bowling, he took 9 wickets at an average of 16.11, with best figures of 4 for 32. In addition to playing first-class cricket, he also played minor counties cricket for Cambridgeshire in 1899, making a", "id": "20634688" }, { "contents": "Steven Lines\n\n\nSteven John Lines (born 16 March 1963) is a former English cricketer. Lines was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium pace. He was born in Luton, Bedfordshire. Lines made his debut for Bedfordshire against Buckinghamshire in the 1980 Minor Counties Championship. He played Minor counties cricket for Bedfordshire from 1980 to 1990, making 51 Minor Counties Championship appearances and 6 MCCA Knockout Trophy appearances. He made his List A debut against Somerset in the 1982 NatWest Trophy. He was dismissed for a single run by", "id": "5104321" }, { "contents": "Nick Pringle\n\n\nNicholas John Pringle (born 20 September 1966) is a former English cricketer who played for Somerset County Cricket Club between 1986 and 1991. A right-handed batsman and right-arm medium-fast bowler, he played 27 first-class matches and 12 List A matches during his career. He also made appearances in the Second Eleven Championship for Durham, Gloucestershire and Leicestershire. Pringle made his first-class debut for Somerset late in the 1986 season against Worcestershire, bowling 10 overs in the first-innings without a wicket", "id": "16048489" }, { "contents": "David Parsons (cricketer, born 1954)\n\n\n-class appearance for the Minor Counties cricket team against the touring Sri Lankans at Church Road, Reading. In the match he was run out for a single run in the Minor Counties first-innings, but wasn't required to bat in their second-innings. With the ball he claimed the wicket of number 11 batsman Ajit de Silva in the Sri Lankans first-innings, for the cost of 53 runs. He played his only List A match in 1984, when Cumberland played Derbyshire in the NatWest Trophy. In", "id": "19604563" }, { "contents": "James Thornton (cricketer)\n\n\nJames Richard Thornton (11 January 1861 – 1 March 1916) was an English cricketer. Thornton was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm fast. He was born at Horsham, Sussex. Thornton made three first-class appearances for Sussex. He made his debut against the touring Australians in 1880 at the County Ground, Hove, while the following season he made a second appearance against Hampshire at the same ground. His third appearance came in 1883 against the Marylebone Cricket Club at Lord's. In his three", "id": "6270100" }, { "contents": "James Thorpe (cricketer)\n\n\nJames Ashley Thorpe (born 20 January 1991) is an English cricketer. Thorpe is a right-handed batsman who bowls right-arm medium-fast. He was born in Switzerland at Geneva. Thorpe was educated at Warden Park School, before attending the University of Bath. Thrope made a single List A appearance for Sussex against the touring Bangladeshis at the County Ground, Hove, in 2010. Batting at number ten, Adkin contributed 3 runs to Sussex's total of 253 all out, ending the innings not out.", "id": "7194365" }, { "contents": "Martin Fearon\n\n\nRichard Martin Fearon (born 30 July 1991) is an English former cricketer. Fearon played as a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm off break. He was born in South Shields, County Durham. Having appeared once for the Durham Second XI in 2009, Fearon proceeded to make a single appearance for Northumberland in the 2010 Minor Counties Championship against Norfolk. While studying Automotive Materials Engineering at Loughborough University, Fearon made his first-class debut for Loughborough MCCU against Kent. In Loughborough's first-innings, he", "id": "20718910" }, { "contents": "Hugh Smith (cricketer)\n\n\nHugh Purefoy Smith (16 October 1856 – 9 September 1939) was an English cricketer. Smith was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium pace. He was born at Lasham, Hampshire. Smith made a single first-class appearance for Sussex against Surrey at the County Ground, Hove in 1878. In Surrey's first-innings, he took the wicket of Swainson Akroyd for the cost of 82 runs from 30 overs. In Sussex's first-innings, he was dismissed for 10 runs by Edward", "id": "8755201" }, { "contents": "Peter Birtwisle\n\n\nPeter Cresswell Birtwisle (born 2 August 1946) is a former English cricketer. Birtwisle was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium pace. He was born in Sunderland, County Durham. Birtwisle made his debut for Durham against the Warwickshire Second XI in the 1965 Minor Counties Championship. He played Minor counties cricket for Durham from 1965 to 1984, making 91 Minor Counties Championship appearances and 2 MCCA Knockout Trophy appearances. He made his List A debut against Worcestershire in the 1968 Gillette Cup. He made 10 further", "id": "6093894" }, { "contents": "Tim Rees\n\n\nTimothy Martyn Rees (born 4 September 1974) is a former English cricketer. Rees is a right-handed batsman who bowls right-arm off break. He was born at home in his mum's kitchen. Rees made his debut in county cricket for the Lancashire Cricket Board against Shropshire in the 2002 MCCA Knockout Trophy. In that same season he made a single first-class appearance for Lancashire against Somerset at the County Ground, Taunton, in the County Championship. He batted once in the match, scoring 16 runs", "id": "4655589" }, { "contents": "Steven Pheasant\n\n\nSteven Thomas Pheasant (born 25 June 1951) is a former English cricketer. Pheasant was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium pace. He was born at Southwark, London. Pheasant made a single first-class appearance for Sussex against Cambridge University in 1971. Pheasant was dismissed for a duck in Sussex's first-innings by Phil Edmonds, while in Cambridge University's first-innings he bowled 23 wicketless overs, though he only conceded 33 runs. In Sussex's second-innings, he ended", "id": "8516772" }, { "contents": "Philip Cartwright\n\n\nPhilip Cartwright (26 September 1880 – 21 November 1955) was an English cricketer who played all of his first-class cricket for Sussex. Cartwright played for the county prior to the First World War and briefly after it, making 84 appearances. He was a left-handed batsman who bowled left-arm medium pace. Born in Gibraltar, Cartwright made his first-class debut for Sussex against Derbyshire in the 1905 County Championship, with him making two further appearances in that season against Nottinghamshire and Northamptonshire. His next first", "id": "14460737" }, { "contents": "Roger White (cricketer)\n\n\nRoger Frank White (born 22 November 1943) is a former English cricketer. White was a right-handed batsman who bowled slow left-arm orthodox. He was born at Perivale, Sussex. White made his first-class debut for Middlesex against Nottinghamshire in 1964 County Championship. He made twelve further first-class appearances for the county, the last of which came against Oxford University in 1966. In his thirteen first-class matches for Middlesex, he took 17 wickets at an average of 30.47, with best figures", "id": "9171568" }, { "contents": "Timothy Smith (cricketer, born 1953)\n\n\nplaying 4 Benson and Hedges Cup matches against first-class opposition in 1984. The following season he played his only first-class match for the team against the touring Zimbabweans. In this match he scored 9 runs and took a single catch in the field. With the ball he took 7 wickets at a bowling average of 19.57, with a single five wicket haul which gave him best figures of 5/79. In 1992, he joined Cambridgeshire, making his Minor Counties Championship debut against Norfolk. Smith has represented the county in", "id": "11818110" }, { "contents": "David Thomas (cricketer, born 1963)\n\n\nmade a single first-class appearance for the team in 1990, against the touring Indians. He batted once in this match, scoring 27 runs in the Minor Counties first-innings, before being dismissed by Anil Kumble. With the ball, he bowled 15 wicket-less overs. He also appeared for the team in List A cricket, making his debut in that format for the Minor Counties against Somerset in the 1990 Benson & Hedges Cup. He 7 further List A matches for the team, the last coming against", "id": "20567729" }, { "contents": "Anthony Shillinglaw\n\n\nAnthony Laird Shillinglaw (born 25 May 1937) is a former English cricketer. Shillinglaw was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium pace. He was born in Birkenhead, Cheshire. Shillinglaw made his debut for Cheshire against the Lancashire Second XI in the 1959 Minor Counties Championship. He played Minor counties cricket for Durham from 1959 to 1971, making 25 Minor Counties Championship appearances. He made his List A debut against Surrey in the 1964 Gillette Cup. He made 3 further List A appearances, the last of", "id": "7093441" }, { "contents": "Malcolm Bell\n\n\nRobert Malcolm Hamilton Bell (born 26 February 1969) is a former English cricketer. He was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium pace. He was born in Hugh Town on the Isles of Scilly, Cornwall. Bell made his debut in county cricket for Cornwall in the 1990 MCCA Knockout Trophy against Wiltshire. In that same season he made his first-class debut for Gloucestershire against Glamorgan in the 1990 County Championship. He made two further first-class appearances, against Worcestershire in 1990 and Oxford University", "id": "4487820" }, { "contents": "Andrew Scott (cricketer)\n\n\nAndrew William Scott (13 February 1960 – 3 September 2006) was an Australian cricketer. Scott was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm fast-medium. He was born in Geelong, Victoria. Scott made his debut for Durham against Hertfordshire in the 1985 Minor Counties Championship. He played Minor counties cricket for Durham only in the 1985 season, making 6 Minor Counties Championship appearances and 4 MCCA Knockout Trophy appearances. He made his List A debut against Derbyshire in the 1985 NatWest Trophy. He bowled 8 wicket", "id": "6296609" }, { "contents": "Andrew Fox (cricketer)\n\n\nAndrew Fox (born 7 November 1962) is a former English cricketer. Fox was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium-fast. He was born in Holmfirth, Yorkshire. Fox made his debut for Cheshire in the 1987 MCCA Knockout Trophy against Cumberland. Fox played Minor counties cricket for Cheshire from 1987 to 1991, including 25 Minor Counties Championship matches and 12 MCCA Knockout Trophy matches. In 1987, he made his List A debut against Glamorgan in the NatWest Trophy. He played three further List A", "id": "2413687" }, { "contents": "Jonny Hughes\n\n\nJonathan 'Jonny' Adam Hughes (born 12 September 1985) is an English cricketer. Hughes is a right-handed batsman who bowls right-arm medium-fast. He was born in Slough, Berkshire. Hughes made his debut for Buckinghamshire in the 2003 MCCA Knockout Trophy against Wiltshire. His next Minor counties appearance for Buckinghamshire didn't come until 2008, when he played a further Trophy match against Cambridgeshire. He played a single Minor Counties Championship match in 2008 against Norfolk. Hughes made his first-class debut for", "id": "7871266" }, { "contents": "Harold Mead\n\n\nHarold Mead (13 June 1895 – 13 April 1921) was an English cricketer. Mead was a right-handed batsman who bowled slow left-arm orthodox. He was born at Walthamstow, Essex. Mead made his first-class debut for Essex against Derbyshire in the 1913 County Championship. He made three further first-class appearances for the county, the last of which came against Sussex in the 1914 County Championship. With the ball, he took just 3 wickets at an average of 64.66, with best figures of", "id": "1063208" }, { "contents": "Neil O'Brien (cricketer)\n\n\nNeil Terence O'Brien (born 9 March 1945) is a former English cricketer. O'Brien was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium pace. He was born in Heaton Moor, Lancashire. O'Brien made his debut for Cheshire in the 1970 Minor Counties Championship against the Yorkshire Second XI.Prior to playing for Cheshire O'Brien had represented Lancashire County Cricket Club at Colt and Second team level. He played Minor counties cricket for Cheshire from 1970 to 1991, making 194 Minor Counties Championship appearances and 23 MCCA Knockout Trophy appearances. He", "id": "6926479" }, { "contents": "Sir Dermot Milman, 8th Baronet\n\n\n. While at Cambridge, he made two appearances in first-class cricket for Cambridge University. The first came in 1932 against Sussex, while the second came against Northamptonshire in 1933. Playing as a slow left-arm orthodox bowler, he took 4 wickets in his two matches, with best figures of 3 for 55. In addition to playing first-class cricket, Milman also played minor counties cricket for Bedfordshire from 1931–36, making 36 appearances in the Minor Counties Championship. He made four rugby union Test appearances for England", "id": "21380059" }, { "contents": "Christopher Mays\n\n\nChristopher Sean Mays (born 11 May 1966) is an English former cricketer. Mays was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm off break. He was born at Brighton, Sussex. Prior to appearing in first-class cricket, Mays played for England Young Cricketers, playing two Youth Test matches and a single Youth One Day International against West Indies Young Cricketers in 1985. Mays later made his first-class debut for Sussex against Glamorgan in the 1986 County Championship. He made seven further first-class appearances", "id": "8641340" }, { "contents": "Kamran Sheeraz\n\n\nKamran Pasha Sheeraz (born 28 December 1973) is a former English cricketer. Sheeraz was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium-fast. He was born in Wellington, Shropshire. Sheeraz made his debut in county cricket for Bedfordshire against Suffolk in the 1992 MCCA Knockout Trophy. That season he also played 7 Minor Counties Championship matches. He later made his first-class debut for Gloucestershire against Northamptonshire in the 1994 County Championship. He made 12 further first-class appearances, the last of which came", "id": "5305981" }, { "contents": "Edward Milburn\n\n\nEdward Thomas Milburn (born 15 September 1967) is a former English cricketer. Milburn was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium pace. He was born in Nuneaton, Warwickshire. Milburn made his first-class debut for Warwickshire against Hampshire in the 1987 County Championship. He made 2 further first-class appearances in 1987 for Warwickshire, against Somerset and Sussex. In his 3 first-class matches for the county, he scored 37 runs at an average of 18.50, with a highest score of 24", "id": "4488455" }, { "contents": "Michael Record\n\n\nMichael Record (born 26 February 1966) was an English cricketer. He was a right-handed batsman and right-arm medium-pace bowler who played for Devon. He was born in Exeter. Record, who also made a single appearance in the Second XI Trophy for Somerset, as well as appearing in the Minor Counties Championship and Holt Cup for Devon between 1990 and 1993, made a single List A appearance for Devon against Essex. From the tailend, he scored 8 not out, and took figures of 0", "id": "22179500" }, { "contents": "Mark Crawley\n\n\nwith 8 half centuries, 3 centuries and a high score of 140. In the field he took 17 catches. With the ball he claimed 24 wickets at a bowling average of 62.29, with a single five wicket haul which gave him best figures of 6/92. While playing for the University, Crawley also made a single first-class appearance for a combined Oxford and Cambridge Universities team against the touring New Zealanders in 1990. In 1987, he made his debut in List A cricket for a Combined Universities team against Somerset in", "id": "10655451" }, { "contents": "Reginald Caryer\n\n\nReginald George Caryer (28 September 1895 – 7 June 1957) was an English cricketer. Caryer was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium-fast. He was born at Hougham, Kent. Caryer made a single first-class appearance for Sussex against Essex at the County Ground, Leyton in the 1922 County Championship. In Sussex's first-innings, he was dismissed for 5 runs by Jack Russell, while in their second-innings he was dismissed by Laurie Eastman for 7 runs. Essex won", "id": "11250718" }, { "contents": "John Glassford (cricketer)\n\n\nJohn Glassford (born 20 July 1946) is a former English cricketer. Glassford was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm fast-medium. He was born in Sunderland, County Durham. Glassford made his debut for Durham in the 1968 Minor Counties Championship against the Warwickshire Second XI. In 1969, he played two first-class matches for Warwickshire against Cambridge University and Scotland. In these two matches, he took a total of 5 wickets at an average of 32.20, with best figures of 2/9. He", "id": "12392440" }, { "contents": "Graham Johnson (cricketer, born 1958)\n\n\nGraham Johnson (born 1 May 1958) is a former English cricketer. Johnson was a left-handed batsman who bowled right-arm fast-medium. He was born in Hetton-le-Hole, County Durham. Johnson made his debut for Durham against Cheshire in the 1982 Minor Counties Championship. He played Minor counties cricket for Durham from 1982 to 1987, making 18 Minor Counties Championship appearances and 7 MCCA Knockout Trophy appearances. He made his List A debut against Northamptonshire in the 1984 NatWest Trophy. He made 4", "id": "6296571" }, { "contents": "Keith Trotter\n\n\nKeith Trotter (born 18 January 1962) is a former English cricketer. Trotter was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm fast-medium. He was born in Silksworth, County Durham. Trotter made his debut for Durham against Cumberland in 1988 Minor Counties Championship. He played Minor counties cricket for Durham in 1988 and 1989, making 3 Minor Counties Championship appearances. He made his only List A appearance against Middlesex in the 1989 NatWest Trophy. In this match, he took the wickets of Mike Gatting and Mark", "id": "6407061" }, { "contents": "Kenneth Mathews (cricketer)\n\n\nKenneth Patrick Arthur Mathews (born 10 May 1926) is a former English cricketer. Mathews was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium pace. He was born at West Worthing, Sussex, and was educated at Felsted School. Mathews made his first-class debut for Sussex against Cambridge University in 1950. He made three further first-class appearances for the county in that season, against Surrey, Kent and Northamptonshire in the County Championship. He scored his maiden first-class half century against Kent,", "id": "13434733" }, { "contents": "Walter Reed (cricketer)\n\n\nWalter Bartlett Reed (4 February 1839 – 17 March 1880) was an English cricketer. Reed was a right-handed batsman who bowled left-arm roundarm fast. He was born at Sompting, Sussex. Reed made his first-class debut for Sussex against Surrey in 1860. He made five further first-class appearances for the county that season, the last of which came against the Marylebone Cricket Club. In his six first-class appearances, he scored a total of 38 runs at an average of 4.22,", "id": "16287081" }, { "contents": "Jason Weaver (cricketer)\n\n\nJason Richard Weaver (born 11 August 1968) is a former English cricketer. Weaver was a right-handed batsman who fielded as a wicket-keeper. He was born in Wellington, Shropshire. Weaver made his debut for Shropshire County Cricket Club in the 1989 Minor Counties Championship against Wiltshire. Weaver played Minor counties cricket for Shropshire from 1989 to 1991, making 11 Minor Counties Championship appearances and a single MCCA Knockout Trophy match. He made two List A cricket appearances for Shropshire, making his debut against Derbyshire in the 1990", "id": "21148110" }, { "contents": "Lawson Roll\n\n\nLawson Macgregor Roll (born 8 March 1965) is a former English cricketer. Roll was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm off break. He was born in Thornbury, Gloucestershire. Roll made his only first-class appearance for Gloucestershire against the touring Sri Lankans in 1984. In this match he wasn't required to bat and with the ball he bowled 15 wicket-less overs. He later played 2 MCCA Knockout Trophy matches for the Gloucestershire Cricket Board, against Wiltshire in 1999 and Herefordshire in 2000.", "id": "4487862" }, { "contents": "Harry Killick\n\n\nHarry Killick (13 July 1837 – 22 November 1877) was an English cricketer. Killick was a left-handed batsman who bowls right-arm roundarm medium. He was born at Crabtree, Sussex. Killick made his first-class debut for Sussex against Surrey at The Oval in 1866. Killick played first-class cricket for Sussex to 1875, making a total of forty appearances, the last of which came against Hampshire at the County Ground, Hove. In his forty first-class appearances for the county, he", "id": "11009846" }, { "contents": "Tom Bartram\n\n\nThomas Stephen Bartram (born 11 February 1986) is an English cricketer. Bartram is a right-handed batsman who bowls right-arm medium-fast. He was born in York, Yorkshire. While studying for his degree at Durham University, Bartram made his first-class debut for Durham UCCE against Surrey in 2006. He made a further first-class appearance for the university in 2006, against Lancashire. In his two first-class matches, he took 3 wickets at an average of 48.33, with best figures", "id": "8523111" }, { "contents": "Alfred Brackpool\n\n\nAlfred Brackpool (11 October 1857 – 24 October 1927) was an English cricketer who played in one first-class cricket match for Sussex. Brackpool was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium-pace. He was born at Crawley Down, Sussex. Brackpool made a single first-class appearance for Sussex against the Marylebone Cricket Club at Lord's in 1880. In Sussex's first innings he was dismissed for 2 runs by George Hearne. He took the wicket of Thomas Pearson in the Marylebone Cricket Club", "id": "12034871" }, { "contents": "Christopher Batt (cricketer)\n\n\nChristopher James Batt (born 22 September 1976) is a former English cricketer. Batt was a left-handed batsman who bowled left-arm medium-fast. He was born at Taplow, Buckinghamshire and educated at Cox Green School in Maidenhead, Berkshire. Batt played a single Minor Counties Championship match for Berkshire in 1997 against Herefordshire. He also made his debut in the MCCA Knockout Trophy for the county by playing a single match against Buckinghamshire. During that same season he played a single first-class match for Sussex against", "id": "21196990" }, { "contents": "Bob Herkes\n\n\nClub at Lord's. He made two further first-class appearances for the county, both in the 1979 County Championship against Sussex and Worcestershire. Herkes failed to score any runs in first-class cricket, while in his primary role as a bowler, he took 6 wickets at an average of 15.50. All of these wickets came in a single innings against Worcestershire. Herkes also played List A cricket for Middlesex, making his debut in that format against Leicestershire in the 1978 John Player League. He made two further appearances", "id": "13936586" }, { "contents": "Nick Clewley\n\n\nNicholas James Clewley (born 13 June 1983) is an English cricketer. Clewley is a right-handed batsman who bowls right-arm fast-medium. He was born in Wolverhampton, Staffordshire. Clewley made his debut for Shropshire against Oxfordshire in the 2004 Minor Counties Championship. He played Minor counties cricket for Shropshire from 2004 to 2006, making six appearances in the Minor Counties Championship and three MCCA Knockout Trophy appearances. While studying for his degree at Loughborough University, Clewley made his first-class debut for Loughborough UCCE against", "id": "7845952" }, { "contents": "Simon Steel\n\n\nSimon Andrew Steel (born 2 October 1969) is a former English cricketer. Steel was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm fast-medium. He was born at Ipswich, Suffolk. Steel made his debut in Minor counties cricket for Suffolk in the 1996 Minor Counties Championship against Bedfordshire. He made three further appearances in that season's competition, playing in matches against Staffordshire and Norfolk. In that same season he played a single List A match against first-class county Somerset in the NatWest Trophy at the", "id": "15114362" }, { "contents": "Harry Love (cricketer)\n\n\nHarry Love (30 May 1871 – 26 March 1942) was an English cricketer. Love was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm slow-medium. He was born at Hastings, Sussex. Love made his first-class debut for Sussex against Cambridge University in 1893. He made four further first-class appearances for the county, the last of which came against the Marylebone Cricket Club in 1894. In his five first-class matches, he had ten batting innings, scoring a total of 110 runs", "id": "8456727" }, { "contents": "Paul Hindmarch\n\n\nPaul Robert Hindmarch (born 8 February 1988) is an English cricketer. Hindmarch is a right-handed batsman who bowls right-arm medium-fast. He was born at Carlisle, Cumberland, and was educated as Keswick School. Hindmarch made his debut for Cumberland against Lincolnshire in the 2006 Minor Counties Championship. His next appearance for Cumberland didn't come until 2009, against Northumberland in the Minor Counties Championship, having between those appearances played second XI cricket for a number of first-class counties. His next appearance for", "id": "19122877" }, { "contents": "Ben Raine\n\n\nBenjamin Alexander Raine (born 14 September 1991) is an English cricketer. Raine is a left-handed batsman who bowls right-arm medium-fast, playing for Leicestershire. He was born in Sunderland, County Durham. Raine made a single appearance for Northumberland against Shropshire in 2010 MCCA Knockout Trophy. In 2011, Raine made his debut for Durham in a List A match in the Clydesdale Bank 40 against Warwickshire. Later in the 2011 season, Raine made his first-class debut against Sri Lanka A. In this match", "id": "10992827" }, { "contents": "Peter Gooch\n\n\nPeter Anthony Gooch (born 2 May 1949) is a former English cricketer. Gooch was a left-handed batsman who bowled right-arm fast-medium. He was born in Timperley, Cheshire. Gooch made his first-class debut for Lancashire against Oxford University in 1970. He played 3 further first-class matches in 1970, the last coming against Glamorgan in the County Championship. In his 4 first-class matches for Lancashire, he took 6 wickets at bowling average of 42.00, with best figures of 4/52", "id": "8382576" }, { "contents": "Herbert Chard\n\n\nHerbert William Chard (17 October 1869 – 9 January 1932) was an English cricketer. Chard was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium pace. He was born at Westbury, Bristol. Chard made two first-class appearances for Gloucestershire in 1889 against Surrey at The Oval and Sussex at the County Ground, Hove. He scored 35 runs at an average of 8.75, with a high score of 32, while with the ball he took 3 wickets at a bowling average of 45.33, with best figures", "id": "21845539" }, { "contents": "Aamer Khan (cricketer, born 1969)\n\n\nfour wicketless overs. His next appearance in first-class cricket came back in England in 1995 for Middlesex against Cambridge University. He made two further first-class appearances for Middlesex, both in 1995 against Oxford University and Sussex, with Khan taking a total of 8 wickets in his three matches, at an average of 17.75, with best figures of 4/51. These were his only appearances for Middlesex. He joined Sussex for the 1997 season, making his debut for the county against Northamptonshire in the County Championship. He followed", "id": "9339081" }, { "contents": "Charles Clifton (cricketer)\n\n\nCharles Clifton (13 January 1846 – date of death unknown) was an English cricketer. Clifton was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm roundarm fast. He was born at Ruddington, Nottinghamshire. Clifton made his first-class debut for Nottinghamshire against Surrey in 1873 at The Oval, with him making a further first-class appearance that season against Sussex at the County Ground, Hove. Six first-class appearances for the county followed in 1874, while in 1875 he made a first-class appearance for", "id": "8288553" }, { "contents": "Bill Johnson (cricketer)\n\n\nWilliam 'Bill' Johnson (born 27 February 1959) is a former English cricketer. Johnson was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm off break. He was born in Sunderland, County Durham. Johnson made his debut for Durham against Bedfordshire in 1986 Minor Counties Championship. He played Minor counties cricket for Durham from 1986 to 1988, making 7 Minor Counties Championship appearances and 4 MCCA Knockout Trophy appearances. He made his only List A appearance against Somerset in the 1988 NatWest Trophy. He scored 16 runs in", "id": "6296623" }, { "contents": "Peter Cousens (cricketer)\n\n\nPeter Cousens (born 15 May 1932) is a South African-born former English cricketer. He was a right-handed batsman who bowled slow left-arm orthodox. He was born in Durban, Natal. Cousens made his first-class debut for Essex against Lancashire in the 1950 County Championship. He made 38 further first-class appearances for Essex, the last of which came against Sussex in the 1955 County Championship. In his 39 first-class appearances for Essex, he took 44 wickets at a bowling average", "id": "19235363" }, { "contents": "James Carpenter (cricketer)\n\n\nJames Robert Carpenter (born 20 October 1975) is a former English cricketer. Carpenter was a left-handed batsman who bowled slow left-arm orthodox. He was born at Birkenhead, Cheshire. Carpenter made a single Minor Counties Championship appearance for Cheshire against Oxfordshire in 1996, before joining Sussex in 1997. In that same year he made his first-class debut for the county against Surrey in the County Championship. He made infrequent appearances for Sussex in first-class cricket, making twelve more appearances, the last of", "id": "17934867" } ]

[ { "contents": "Philip Threlfall\n\n\nPhilip Walter Threlfall (born 11 February 1967) is a former English cricketer. Threlfall was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium-fast. He was born at Barrow-in-Furness, Lancashire. Threfall played for Cumberland in 1987, making a single appearance in the Minor Counties Championship against Cambridgeshire and a single appearance in the MCCA Knockout Trophy against Cheshire. In 1988, Threfall played Second XI cricket for Sussex, with him also making his first-class debut for the county in that season against", "id": "17653088" }, { "contents": "Philip Threlfall\n\n\nSomerset at the Recreation Ground, Bath. He played regularly for the Sussex Second XI, but would only make two further first-class appearances for the county, against the touring Sri Lankans in 1990 and Cambridge University in 1991. He never batted in his three first-class appearances, but with the ball he took 7 wickets at an average of 18.57, with best figures of 3/45. He also made a single List A appearance for the county against the touring Zimbabweans in 1990. He ended Sussex's innings of 233/8", "id": "17653089" }, { "contents": "Harry Newton (cricketer)\n\n\nHarry Newton (2 May 1935 – 22 December 2014) was an English cricketer. Newton was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm fast-medium. He was born at Little Lever, Lancashire. Newton made two first-class appearances for Sussex against Hampshire and Essex in the 1966 County Championship. Against Hampshire, Newton ended unbeaten on 16 in Sussex's first-innings of 153, while in Hampshire's first-innings he took what would be his only first-class five wicket haul, with figures", "id": "14840593" }, { "contents": "Henry Gregory (cricketer)\n\n\nHenry Vernon Gregory (born 18 January 1936) is a former English cricketer. Gregory was a right-handed batsman who bowled leg break. He was born at Manchester, Lancashire. Gregory made a single Minor Counties Championship appearance for Cheshire against the Warwickshire Second XI. He later made a single first-class appearance for Sussex against Cambridge University at Fenner's in 1960. He was dismissed for 4 runs in Sussex's first-innings by Alan Hurd, while in their second-innings, he was dismissed for 14 runs", "id": "8516784" }, { "contents": "Andrew Pearson (cricketer)\n\n\nAndrew Stuart Pearson (born 25 September 1957) is a former English cricketer. Pearson was a left-handed batsman who bowled right-arm off break. He was born in Rustington, Sussex. Having played for the Northamptonshire Second XI between 1974 and 1980, Pearson later made his debut for Bedfordshire against Buckinghamshire in the 1981 Minor Counties Championship. He played Minor counties cricket for Bedfordshire from 1981 to 1987, making 40 Minor Counties Championship appearances and 8 MCCA Knockout Trophy appearances. He made his List A debut against Somerset in", "id": "5306586" }, { "contents": "Jeremy Green (cricketer)\n\n\nJeremy Arthur Graham Green (born 17 September 1984) is a former English first-class cricketer. Green is a right-handed batsman who bowls right-arm medium-fast. He was born at Cuckfield, Sussex. Green made his List A debut for Sussex in what was his only career List A game, against West Indies A 2002. Following this, Green represented the Sussex Second XI for the next few years, before making his only career first-class appearance when Sussex played Sri Lanka at the County Ground", "id": "18948924" }, { "contents": "Philip Wormald\n\n\nPhilip Bryan Wormald (born 4 May 1963) is a former English cricketer. Wormald was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium-fast. He was born in Sutton-in-Ashfield, Nottinghamshire. Wormald made his debut for Shropshire in the 1987 Minor Counties Championship against the Somerset Second XI. Wormald played Minor counties cricket for Shropshire from 1987 to 1991, which included 32 Minor Counties Championship appearances and 8 MCCA Knockout Trophy appearances. He made his List A debut against Hampshire in the 1988 NatWest Trophy", "id": "21289907" }, { "contents": "Alan Wadey\n\n\nAlan Nigel Charles Wadey (born 12 September 1950) is a former English cricketer. Wadey was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium pace. He was born at Billingshurst, Sussex. Wadey made a single first-class appearance for Sussex against Yorkshire at the County Ground, Hove in the 1975 County Championship. Wadey batted twice in this match, ending unbeaten without scoring in each innings. With the ball he took a single wicket, that of Richard Lumb for the cost of 44 runs from 8 overs", "id": "8050823" }, { "contents": "Richard Elms\n\n\nRichard Burtenshaw Elms (born 5 April 1949) is a former English professional cricketer. Elms played as an all-rounder who batted right-handed and bowled left-arm fast-medium pace. He was born in Sutton in Surrey in 1949. Having played for the county second Xi since 1967, Elms made his first-class cricket debut for Kent County Cricket Club in the 1970 County Championship against Hampshire. In 1971 he appeared more regularly for Kent, making his List A cricket debut against Sussex. Elms played for", "id": "164150" }, { "contents": "Reuben Herbert\n\n\n3 List A matches for Suffolk, he took just a single wickets at an average of 82.00, with best figures of 1/37. He played for the Minor Counties cricket team in the 1986 Benson & Hedges Cup, making 4 appearances for the team. It was for the Minor Counties that he made his final 2 first-class appearances for. The first of these came against the touring Zimbabweans in 1985. He bowled 8 wicket-less overs in the Zimbabweans first-innings, while in the Minor Counties first-innings", "id": "3624912" }, { "contents": "Gerald Cogger\n\n\nGerald Lyndley Cogger (born 7 September 1933) is a former English cricketer. Cogger was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium-fast. He was born at Uckfield, East Sussex. Cogger made his first-class debut for Sussex against Oxford University in 1954. He made seven further first-class appearances for the county, all of which came in the 1957 season, and the last of which came against Somerset. In his eight first-class appearances, Cogger took 7 wickets at an average", "id": "8050935" }, { "contents": "John Tindale\n\n\nJohn Tindale (born 9 October 1967) is a former English cricketer. Tindale was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium-fast. He was born in Durham, County Durham. Tindale made his debut for Durham against Bedfordshire in 1988 Minor Counties Championship. He played Minor counties cricket for Durham from 1988 to 1990, making 17 Minor Counties Championship appearances and 2 MCCA Knockout Trophy appearances. He made his only List A appearance against Somerset in the 1988 NatWest Trophy. He scored 30 runs in this match", "id": "6406994" }, { "contents": "Dick Harrison (cricketer)\n\n\nRichard \"Dick\" Harrison was an English cricketer. Harrison was a left-handed batsman who bowled right-arm fast-medium. He was born in Clitheroe, Lancashire. Harrison played for Lancashire Second XI from 1906 to 1908. He joined Durham in 1910, making his debut for the county in the 1910 Minor Counties Championship against Northumberland. He played Minor counties cricket for Durham from 1910 to 1913, making 23 appearances. During this period he made a single first-class appearance for the Minor Counties against the touring", "id": "12592293" }, { "contents": "Charles Pimlott\n\n\nteam in 2000, against the touring Zimbabweans. Across his eleven appearances at first-class level, Pimlott scored 72 runs with a high score of 31 not out, alongside 17 wickets with his right-arm fast-medium bowling, taken at an average of 34.47, with best figures of 3 for 10. He played briefly for Lincolnshire in minor counties cricket, making one appearance against the Nottinghamshire Cricket Board in the 2001 MCCA Knockout Trophy. After graduating from Cambridge, Pimlott was called to the bar in 2001 as a", "id": "3251591" }, { "contents": "John Clarke (cricketer, born 1948)\n\n\nJohn Michael Clarke (born 25 December 1948) is a former English cricketer. Clarke was a left-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium-fast. He was born at Barcombe, Sussex. Clarke made a single first-class appearance for Sussex against Hampshire at the United Services Recreation Ground, Portsmouth, in the 1969 County Championship. In Sussex's first-innings of 159, Clarke was run out for a duck, while in their second-innings of 233, he was dismissed for the same score by", "id": "8208510" }, { "contents": "Paul Christie (cricketer)\n\n\nPaul Christie (born 9 February 1971 in Sunderland, County Durham) is a former English cricketer. Christie was a right-handed batsman who bowled left-arm medium-fast. Christie made a single first-class appearance for the Marylebone Cricket Club against M Parkinson's World XI at the North Marine Road Ground, Scarborough. In this match, he bowled 13 wicket-less overs for the cost of 63 runs in the World XIs first-innings, while in their second-innings he took 3 wickets for the", "id": "12392619" }, { "contents": "Phil Lewis (cricketer)\n\n\nPhilip David Lewis (born 4 October 1981) is an English cricketer. Lewis is a right-handed batsman who bowls right-arm fast-medium. He was born in Liss, Hampshire. Having played Second XI cricket for the Somerset Second XI in 2002, Lewis made his first-class debut for Loughborough UCCE against Surrey in 2003. He appeared in 4 further first-class matches for Loughborough UCCE, the last coming against Sussex in 2004. In his 5 matches, he scored 115 runs at a batting average", "id": "14893257" }, { "contents": "Russell Evans (cricketer)\n\n\ntook 3 wickets at a bowling average of 32.33, with best figures of 3/40. With opportunities limited at Nottinghamshire, he left the county at the end of the 1990 season. He later joined Lincolnshire, making his debut against Northumberland in the 1993 MCCA Knockout Trophy. He played Minor counties cricket from 1993 to 1997, making 33 Minor Counties Championship appearances and 10 MCCA Knockout Trophy appearances. He played his first List A match for the county against Glamorgan in the 1994 NatWest Trophy. He made 2 further List A appearances for", "id": "5168780" }, { "contents": "Gerald Sly\n\n\nGerald Brian Sly (born 21 October 1932) is a former English cricketer. Sly was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm fast-medium. He was born at Ealing, Middlesex. Sly made a single first-class appearance for Sussex against Oxford University at the County Ground, Hove in 1953. He didn't bat in this match, but did take the wicket of Colin Cowdrey in Oxford University's first-innings. The match ended in a draw. This was his only major appearance for Sussex", "id": "8050962" }, { "contents": "Charles Burgess\n\n\nCharles Thomas Burgess (30 June 1886 – 14 January 1978) was an English cricketer. Burgess was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm slow. He was born at Hastings, Sussex. Burgess made a single first-class appearance for Sussex against Nottinghamshire at the County Ground, Hove in the 1919 County Championship. In Sussex's first-innings, he was dismissed for 2 runs by Benjamin Flint. Burgess took 3 wickets in Nottinghamshire's first and only innings, finishing with figures of 3/39 from eleven overs", "id": "11250696" }, { "contents": "Courtney Ricketts\n\n\nCourtney Ian Oswald Ricketts (born 26 April 1965) is a former English cricketer. Ricketts was a right-handed batsman who bowled slow left-arm orthodox. He was born at Kennington, London. Ricketts made his first-class debut for Sussex against Gloucestershire in the 1987 County Championship. He made two further first-class appearances for the county in that season, against Worcestershire and Hampshire. In his three first-class matches, he took 5 wickets at an average of 50.60, with best figures of 2/40.", "id": "17653183" }, { "contents": "Edwin Woodhams\n\n\nEdwin Fehrsen Woodhams (22 February 1880 – 8 February 1933) was an English cricketer. Woodham's batting and bowling styles are unknown. He was born at Seaford, Sussex. Woodhams made a single first-class appearance for Sussex against Somerset at County Ground, Hove in the 1905 County Championship. He was dismissed for a duck in Sussex's first-innings by Len Braund, while in their second-innings he ended unbeaten on 14 to guide Sussex to a 2 wicket win. This was his only major appearance for", "id": "13085945" }, { "contents": "John Davis (cricketer, born 1943)\n\n\nMichael John Davis (18 August 1943 – 13 October 2000) was an English cricketer. Davis was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm fast-medium. He was born at Bolton, Lancashire. Davis made his debut for Cheshire in the 1961 Minor Counties Championship against Staffordshire. He made eight further appearances for the county in that season. He played Second XI cricket for Northamptonshire in 1962, while the following season he made his only first-class appearance for the county against Oxford University. He wasn't", "id": "6365888" }, { "contents": "Peter Heseltine\n\n\nPeter Anthony William Heseltine (born 5 April 1965) is a former English cricketer. Heseltine was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm off break. He was born at Barnsley, Yorkshire. Heseltine made his first-class debut for Sussex against the touring Pakistanis in 1987. He made nineteen further first-class appearances for the county, the last of which came against Surrey in the 1988 County Championship. In his twenty first-class appearances, he took 22 wickets at an average of 48.59, with best", "id": "16489351" }, { "contents": "Andrew Henderson (cricketer)\n\n\nAndrew Arthur Henderson (born 14 July 1941) is a former English cricketer. Henderson was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium pace. He was born in Chadwell Heath, Essex. Henderson made his debut for Buckinghamshire in the 1964 Minor Counties Championship against Berkshire. Henderson played two further Minor Counties Championship fixtures for the county in 1965, against Hertfordshire and Berkshire. Having played Second XI cricket for the Sussex Second XI since 1968, Henderson made his only first-class appearance for Sussex in the 1972 County", "id": "10548307" }, { "contents": "David Halliwell (cricketer)\n\n\nDavid Halliwell (born 11 December 1948) is a former English cricketer. Halliwell was a left-handed batsman who bowled right-arm fast-medium. He was born in Leyland, Lancashire. Halliwell initially played Minor Counties Championship cricket for Cheshire from 1978 to 1979. He later joined Cumberland, making his debut for the county in the 1981 Minor Counties Championship against the Lancashire Second XI. Halliwell played Minor counties cricket for Cumberland from 1981 to 1990, including 59 Minor Counties Championship matches and 7 MCCA Knockout Trophy matches.", "id": "566498" }, { "contents": "David Sabine\n\n\nDavid John Sabine (born 6 June 1966) is a New Zealand born former English cricketer. Sabine played as a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium pace. He was born at Papakura near Auckland. Sabine made a single first-class cricket appearance for Kent County Cricket Club against the touring West Indians at the St Lawrence Ground in 1988. In the same season he made a single List A appearance against Sussex at Mote Park in the Refuge Assurance League. These were his only senior appearances for Kent,", "id": "557880" }, { "contents": "Roger Miller (cricketer, born 1938)\n\n\nRoger Simon Miller (born 16 February 1938) was an English cricketer. He was a left-handed batsman and right-arm medium-fast bowler who played first-class cricket for Marylebone Cricket Club. He was born in Seaford, Sussex. Miller made a single first-class appearance for the side, during the 1959 season, against Oxford University. Following this, he made at least eleven appearances for Sussex's Second XI. Miller made a single List A appearance for Dorset in the 1968 Gillette Cup. He", "id": "16750904" }, { "contents": "Arthur Lawrence\n\n\nArthur Alfred Kenneth Lawrence (born 3 November 1930) is a former English cricketer. Lawrence was a right-handed batsman who bowled leg break. He was born at Marlborough, Wiltshire. Lawrence made his first-class debut for Sussex against Oxford University in 1954, with him playing a second match that season against Leicestershire in the County Championship. He next appeared for Sussex in 1954, making 26 further first-class appearances between 1954 and 1956, with his final first-class appearance coming against Northamptonshire in the 1956 County", "id": "19143734" }, { "contents": "Robert Entwistle\n\n\nof 25.00, with a high score of 48. He left Lancashire at the end of the 1966 season. In 1967, Entwistle joined Cumberland, making his debut for the county in the Minor Counties Championship against Durham. He played Minor counties cricket for Cumberland from 1967 to 1984, making 91 Minor Counties Championship and two MCCA Knockout Trophy appearances. During this time he also made a single first-class appearance for the Minor Counties against the touring West Indians in 1976, scoring 8 runs in the Minor Counties first-innings", "id": "15737473" }, { "contents": "Gary Speak\n\n\nGary John Speak (born 26 April 1962) is a former English cricketer. Speak was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm fast-medium. He was born at Chorley, Lancashire. Speak made his first-class debut for Lancashire against the touring Sri Lankans in 1981. He made a further appearance in the 1981 County Championship against Essex. He made three further first-class appearances in 1982, against Cambridge University, Derbyshire and Surrey. In his five first-class appearances, he bowled a total", "id": "5490505" }, { "contents": "Arthur Sharood\n\n\nArthur John Sharood (9 August 1856 – 31 March 1895) was an English cricketer. Sharood was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm fast-medium. He was born at Hurstpierpoint, Sussex, and was educated at Hurstpierpoint College. Sharood made a single first-class appearance for Sussex against Surrey at the County Ground, Hove, in 1879. He took two wickets, both in Surrey's first-innings, dismissing John Shuter and Leonard Shuter and finishing with figures of 2/51 from 26 overs. The", "id": "12294995" }, { "contents": "Eric Palmer (cricketer)\n\n\nEric John Palmer (born 16 June 1931) is a former English cricketer. Palmer was a left-handed batsman who bowled left-arm fast-medium. He was born at Romford, Essex. Palmer played Second XI cricket for Essex in 1955, as well as making a single appearance for Berkshire in that seasons Minor Counties Championship against Devon. He played for the Essex Second XI the following season, before making his first-class debut for Essex in the 1957 County Championship against Gloucestershire. He made three further first", "id": "7814992" }, { "contents": "Thomas White (Sussex cricketer)\n\n\nThomas Reginald White (3 July 1892 – 7 May 1979) was an English cricketer. White was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm fast-medium. He was born at Basingstoke, Hampshire. White made a single first-class appearance for Sussex against Cambridge University in 1928. In this match, he scored 9 runs in Sussex's first-innings, before being dismissed by Denis Blundell, while in their second-innings he was dismissed him for 4 by Maurice Allom. Cambridge University won the match", "id": "8456981" }, { "contents": "Dexter Fitton\n\n\nJohn Dexter Fitton (born 24 August 1965) is a former English cricketer. Fitton is a left-handed batsman who bowls right-arm off break. He was born in Littleborough, Lancashire. Fitton made his first-class debut for Lancashire against Hampshire in the 1987 County Championship. He made 51 further first-class appearances for the county, the last of which came against Sussex in the 1992 County Championship. In these matches, he took 82 wickets at an average of 53.15, with best figures of 6/59.", "id": "16136741" }, { "contents": "Steven Bramhall\n\n\nSteven Bramhall (born 26 November 1967) is a former English cricketer. Bramhall was a right-handed batsman who fielded as a wicket-keeper. He was born in Warrington, Lancashire. Bramhall made his debut in county cricket for Cheshire in the 1988 Minor Counties Championship final against Cambridgeshire, having played Second XI cricket for the Worcestershire Second XI prior to that. He played Minor counties cricket for Cheshire from 1989 to 1991, playing in both the Minor Counties Championship and MCCA Knockout Trophy. In the 1990 County Championship,", "id": "3873390" }, { "contents": "Martin Bamber\n\n\nMartin John Bamber (born 7 January 1961) is a former English cricketer. Bamber was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium pace. He was born in Cheam, Surrey. Having previously played Second XI cricket for Middlesex and Surrey between 1976 and 1981, Bamber eventually joined Northamptonshire, making his first-class debut for the county against Cambridge University in 1982. He made a further twelve first-class appearances for the county, the last of which came against Somerset in the 1984 County Championship. In", "id": "15737373" }, { "contents": "Horace Mitchell\n\n\nHorace Mitchell (19 January 1858 – 4 January 1951) was an English cricketer. Mitchell was a right-handed batsman by bowled right-arm medium-fast. He was born at West Tarring, Sussex. Mitchell made his first-class debut for Sussex against the Marylebone Cricket Club in 1882. He made two further appearances in that season for Sussex against Hampshire and Yorkshire, before next appearing for Sussex in first-class cricket in the 1891 County Championship against Lancashire. He made four further first-class appearances for", "id": "21486018" }, { "contents": "Gavin Byram\n\n\nGavin James Byram (born 15 February 1974) is a former English cricketer. Byram was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm fast-medium. He was born in Shrewsbury, Shropshire. Byram made his debut for Shropshire in the 1992 Minor Counties Championship against Herefordshire. Byram played Minor counties cricket for Shropshire from 1992 to 2002, which included 50 Minor Counties Championship appearances and 26 MCCA Knockout Trophy appearances. He made his List A debut against Sussex in the 1997 NatWest Trophy. He made 7 further List A", "id": "21095697" }, { "contents": "Alastair Scott (cricketer)\n\n\nselected to play in the Combined Universities team to play in the 1985 Benson & Hedges Cup, making his List A debut in the tournament against Surrey and making three further appearances in the competition. In 1986, he made seven first-class appearances for the university, taking 18 wickets at an average of 45.22, with best figures of 4/100. He also made a single first-class appearance each for a combined Oxford and Cambridge Universities team against the touring New Zealanders and for Sussex against Worcestershire in the County Championship. He", "id": "13068989" }, { "contents": "Jackie Keeler\n\n\nJohn George Keeler (2 May 1924 – 9 October 2005) was an English cricketer. Keeler was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium pace. He was born in South Moor, County Durham. Keeler made his debut for Durham in the 1949 Minor Counties Championship against the Lancashire Second XI. He played Minor counties cricket for Durham from 1949 to 1957, making 54 appearances. During this period he made a single first-class appearance for the Minor Counties against the touring Australians in 1953. He was", "id": "12592970" }, { "contents": "Robert Grant (cricketer)\n\n\nRobert John Grant (born 28 July 1965) is a former English cricketer. Grant was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium pace. He was born in Leamington Spa, Warwickshire. Grant made his debut for Staffordshire in the 1989 MCCA Knockout Trophy against Cheshire. Grant played Minor counties cricket for Staffordshire from 1989 to 1990, playing a further MCCA Knockout Trophy match against Shropshire in 1990, while having made a single Minor Counties Championship appearance in 1989 against Bedfordshire. In 1989, he made his List A", "id": "18361281" }, { "contents": "Alan Hansford\n\n\nHaving played for the Sussex Second XI since 1987, it was in the 1989 season that he made his first-class debut for Sussex against Cambridge University at Hove, taking figures of 4/46 and 4/29 during the match. During his time at Sussex, he featured infrequently in first-class cricket, making just nine further appearances, the last of which came against Hampshire in the 1992 County Championship. Primarily a bowler, Hansford took 30 wickets in his ten first-class appearances, which came at an average of 33.03,", "id": "9057057" }, { "contents": "Gordon Potter (cricketer)\n\n\nGordon Potter (born 26 October 1931) is a former English cricketer. Potter was a right-handed batsman who bowled leg break. He was born at Dormansland, Surrey, England. Potter made his first-class debut for Sussex against Cambridge University at Fenner's in 1949. His next first-class appearance for Sussex didn't come until 1953, when he played against Cambridge University, which was also his only appearance in that season. He began to play more regularly for Sussex from 1954, making a further 52", "id": "7344655" }, { "contents": "Johnny Johnston (cricketer)\n\n\nJohn Johnston (15 February 1953 – 2 June 2008) was an English cricketer. Johnston was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium-fast. He was born in Chesterfield, Derbyshire. Johnston made his debut for Durham against Cumberland in the 1976 Minor Counties Championship. He played Minor counties cricket for Durham from 1976 to 1990, making 78 Minor Counties Championship appearances and 12 MCCA Knockout Trophy appearances. He made his List A debut against Northamptonshire in the 1977 Gillette Cup. He made 7 further List A", "id": "6296400" }, { "contents": "Frederick Wells (cricketer, born 1867)\n\n\nFrederick Wells (1 June 1867 – 3 March 1926) was an English cricketer. Wells was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium. He was born at Clayton, Sussex. Wells made his first-class debut for Sussex against the Marylebone Cricket Club at Lord's in 1891. He made a further first-class appearance in that season, against Gloucestershire at Clifton College Ground in the County Championship. Wells scored 7 runs in his two first-class matches. Wells later played minor counties cricket for", "id": "4104605" }, { "contents": "Raphael MacGinty\n\n\nRaphael Joseph Anthony MacGinty (born 22 March 1927) is a former English cricketer. MacGinty was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm off break. He was born at Croydon, Surrey. In 1951, MacGinty made his Minor Counties Championship debut for Cambridgeshire against the Northamptonshire Second XI. From 1951 to 1952, he represented the county in 7 Minor Counties matches, with his final appearance coming against Lincolnshire. MacGinty also played first-class cricket for Cambridge University, making his first-class debut against Leicestershire in", "id": "4321295" }, { "contents": "Godfrey Foljambe\n\n\nXI in 1892–93, making three first-class appearances on the tour. He made his final first-class appearance in May 1893 for the MCC against Cambridge University. In his five first-class matches, Foljambe scored 97 runs with a high score of 34. With his left-arm medium pace bowling, he took 9 wickets at an average of 16.11, with best figures of 4 for 32. In addition to playing first-class cricket, he also played minor counties cricket for Cambridgeshire in 1899, making a", "id": "20634688" }, { "contents": "Steven Lines\n\n\nSteven John Lines (born 16 March 1963) is a former English cricketer. Lines was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium pace. He was born in Luton, Bedfordshire. Lines made his debut for Bedfordshire against Buckinghamshire in the 1980 Minor Counties Championship. He played Minor counties cricket for Bedfordshire from 1980 to 1990, making 51 Minor Counties Championship appearances and 6 MCCA Knockout Trophy appearances. He made his List A debut against Somerset in the 1982 NatWest Trophy. He was dismissed for a single run by", "id": "5104321" }, { "contents": "Nick Pringle\n\n\nNicholas John Pringle (born 20 September 1966) is a former English cricketer who played for Somerset County Cricket Club between 1986 and 1991. A right-handed batsman and right-arm medium-fast bowler, he played 27 first-class matches and 12 List A matches during his career. He also made appearances in the Second Eleven Championship for Durham, Gloucestershire and Leicestershire. Pringle made his first-class debut for Somerset late in the 1986 season against Worcestershire, bowling 10 overs in the first-innings without a wicket", "id": "16048489" }, { "contents": "David Parsons (cricketer, born 1954)\n\n\n-class appearance for the Minor Counties cricket team against the touring Sri Lankans at Church Road, Reading. In the match he was run out for a single run in the Minor Counties first-innings, but wasn't required to bat in their second-innings. With the ball he claimed the wicket of number 11 batsman Ajit de Silva in the Sri Lankans first-innings, for the cost of 53 runs. He played his only List A match in 1984, when Cumberland played Derbyshire in the NatWest Trophy. In", "id": "19604563" }, { "contents": "James Thornton (cricketer)\n\n\nJames Richard Thornton (11 January 1861 – 1 March 1916) was an English cricketer. Thornton was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm fast. He was born at Horsham, Sussex. Thornton made three first-class appearances for Sussex. He made his debut against the touring Australians in 1880 at the County Ground, Hove, while the following season he made a second appearance against Hampshire at the same ground. His third appearance came in 1883 against the Marylebone Cricket Club at Lord's. In his three", "id": "6270100" }, { "contents": "James Thorpe (cricketer)\n\n\nJames Ashley Thorpe (born 20 January 1991) is an English cricketer. Thorpe is a right-handed batsman who bowls right-arm medium-fast. He was born in Switzerland at Geneva. Thorpe was educated at Warden Park School, before attending the University of Bath. Thrope made a single List A appearance for Sussex against the touring Bangladeshis at the County Ground, Hove, in 2010. Batting at number ten, Adkin contributed 3 runs to Sussex's total of 253 all out, ending the innings not out.", "id": "7194365" }, { "contents": "Martin Fearon\n\n\nRichard Martin Fearon (born 30 July 1991) is an English former cricketer. Fearon played as a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm off break. He was born in South Shields, County Durham. Having appeared once for the Durham Second XI in 2009, Fearon proceeded to make a single appearance for Northumberland in the 2010 Minor Counties Championship against Norfolk. While studying Automotive Materials Engineering at Loughborough University, Fearon made his first-class debut for Loughborough MCCU against Kent. In Loughborough's first-innings, he", "id": "20718910" }, { "contents": "Hugh Smith (cricketer)\n\n\nHugh Purefoy Smith (16 October 1856 – 9 September 1939) was an English cricketer. Smith was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium pace. He was born at Lasham, Hampshire. Smith made a single first-class appearance for Sussex against Surrey at the County Ground, Hove in 1878. In Surrey's first-innings, he took the wicket of Swainson Akroyd for the cost of 82 runs from 30 overs. In Sussex's first-innings, he was dismissed for 10 runs by Edward", "id": "8755201" }, { "contents": "Peter Birtwisle\n\n\nPeter Cresswell Birtwisle (born 2 August 1946) is a former English cricketer. Birtwisle was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium pace. He was born in Sunderland, County Durham. Birtwisle made his debut for Durham against the Warwickshire Second XI in the 1965 Minor Counties Championship. He played Minor counties cricket for Durham from 1965 to 1984, making 91 Minor Counties Championship appearances and 2 MCCA Knockout Trophy appearances. He made his List A debut against Worcestershire in the 1968 Gillette Cup. He made 10 further", "id": "6093894" }, { "contents": "Tim Rees\n\n\nTimothy Martyn Rees (born 4 September 1974) is a former English cricketer. Rees is a right-handed batsman who bowls right-arm off break. He was born at home in his mum's kitchen. Rees made his debut in county cricket for the Lancashire Cricket Board against Shropshire in the 2002 MCCA Knockout Trophy. In that same season he made a single first-class appearance for Lancashire against Somerset at the County Ground, Taunton, in the County Championship. He batted once in the match, scoring 16 runs", "id": "4655589" }, { "contents": "Steven Pheasant\n\n\nSteven Thomas Pheasant (born 25 June 1951) is a former English cricketer. Pheasant was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium pace. He was born at Southwark, London. Pheasant made a single first-class appearance for Sussex against Cambridge University in 1971. Pheasant was dismissed for a duck in Sussex's first-innings by Phil Edmonds, while in Cambridge University's first-innings he bowled 23 wicketless overs, though he only conceded 33 runs. In Sussex's second-innings, he ended", "id": "8516772" }, { "contents": "Philip Cartwright\n\n\nPhilip Cartwright (26 September 1880 – 21 November 1955) was an English cricketer who played all of his first-class cricket for Sussex. Cartwright played for the county prior to the First World War and briefly after it, making 84 appearances. He was a left-handed batsman who bowled left-arm medium pace. Born in Gibraltar, Cartwright made his first-class debut for Sussex against Derbyshire in the 1905 County Championship, with him making two further appearances in that season against Nottinghamshire and Northamptonshire. His next first", "id": "14460737" }, { "contents": "Roger White (cricketer)\n\n\nRoger Frank White (born 22 November 1943) is a former English cricketer. White was a right-handed batsman who bowled slow left-arm orthodox. He was born at Perivale, Sussex. White made his first-class debut for Middlesex against Nottinghamshire in 1964 County Championship. He made twelve further first-class appearances for the county, the last of which came against Oxford University in 1966. In his thirteen first-class matches for Middlesex, he took 17 wickets at an average of 30.47, with best figures", "id": "9171568" }, { "contents": "Timothy Smith (cricketer, born 1953)\n\n\nplaying 4 Benson and Hedges Cup matches against first-class opposition in 1984. The following season he played his only first-class match for the team against the touring Zimbabweans. In this match he scored 9 runs and took a single catch in the field. With the ball he took 7 wickets at a bowling average of 19.57, with a single five wicket haul which gave him best figures of 5/79. In 1992, he joined Cambridgeshire, making his Minor Counties Championship debut against Norfolk. Smith has represented the county in", "id": "11818110" }, { "contents": "David Thomas (cricketer, born 1963)\n\n\nmade a single first-class appearance for the team in 1990, against the touring Indians. He batted once in this match, scoring 27 runs in the Minor Counties first-innings, before being dismissed by Anil Kumble. With the ball, he bowled 15 wicket-less overs. He also appeared for the team in List A cricket, making his debut in that format for the Minor Counties against Somerset in the 1990 Benson & Hedges Cup. He 7 further List A matches for the team, the last coming against", "id": "20567729" }, { "contents": "Anthony Shillinglaw\n\n\nAnthony Laird Shillinglaw (born 25 May 1937) is a former English cricketer. Shillinglaw was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium pace. He was born in Birkenhead, Cheshire. Shillinglaw made his debut for Cheshire against the Lancashire Second XI in the 1959 Minor Counties Championship. He played Minor counties cricket for Durham from 1959 to 1971, making 25 Minor Counties Championship appearances. He made his List A debut against Surrey in the 1964 Gillette Cup. He made 3 further List A appearances, the last of", "id": "7093441" }, { "contents": "Malcolm Bell\n\n\nRobert Malcolm Hamilton Bell (born 26 February 1969) is a former English cricketer. He was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium pace. He was born in Hugh Town on the Isles of Scilly, Cornwall. Bell made his debut in county cricket for Cornwall in the 1990 MCCA Knockout Trophy against Wiltshire. In that same season he made his first-class debut for Gloucestershire against Glamorgan in the 1990 County Championship. He made two further first-class appearances, against Worcestershire in 1990 and Oxford University", "id": "4487820" }, { "contents": "Andrew Scott (cricketer)\n\n\nAndrew William Scott (13 February 1960 – 3 September 2006) was an Australian cricketer. Scott was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm fast-medium. He was born in Geelong, Victoria. Scott made his debut for Durham against Hertfordshire in the 1985 Minor Counties Championship. He played Minor counties cricket for Durham only in the 1985 season, making 6 Minor Counties Championship appearances and 4 MCCA Knockout Trophy appearances. He made his List A debut against Derbyshire in the 1985 NatWest Trophy. He bowled 8 wicket", "id": "6296609" }, { "contents": "Andrew Fox (cricketer)\n\n\nAndrew Fox (born 7 November 1962) is a former English cricketer. Fox was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium-fast. He was born in Holmfirth, Yorkshire. Fox made his debut for Cheshire in the 1987 MCCA Knockout Trophy against Cumberland. Fox played Minor counties cricket for Cheshire from 1987 to 1991, including 25 Minor Counties Championship matches and 12 MCCA Knockout Trophy matches. In 1987, he made his List A debut against Glamorgan in the NatWest Trophy. He played three further List A", "id": "2413687" }, { "contents": "Jonny Hughes\n\n\nJonathan 'Jonny' Adam Hughes (born 12 September 1985) is an English cricketer. Hughes is a right-handed batsman who bowls right-arm medium-fast. He was born in Slough, Berkshire. Hughes made his debut for Buckinghamshire in the 2003 MCCA Knockout Trophy against Wiltshire. His next Minor counties appearance for Buckinghamshire didn't come until 2008, when he played a further Trophy match against Cambridgeshire. He played a single Minor Counties Championship match in 2008 against Norfolk. Hughes made his first-class debut for", "id": "7871266" }, { "contents": "Harold Mead\n\n\nHarold Mead (13 June 1895 – 13 April 1921) was an English cricketer. Mead was a right-handed batsman who bowled slow left-arm orthodox. He was born at Walthamstow, Essex. Mead made his first-class debut for Essex against Derbyshire in the 1913 County Championship. He made three further first-class appearances for the county, the last of which came against Sussex in the 1914 County Championship. With the ball, he took just 3 wickets at an average of 64.66, with best figures of", "id": "1063208" }, { "contents": "Neil O'Brien (cricketer)\n\n\nNeil Terence O'Brien (born 9 March 1945) is a former English cricketer. O'Brien was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium pace. He was born in Heaton Moor, Lancashire. O'Brien made his debut for Cheshire in the 1970 Minor Counties Championship against the Yorkshire Second XI.Prior to playing for Cheshire O'Brien had represented Lancashire County Cricket Club at Colt and Second team level. He played Minor counties cricket for Cheshire from 1970 to 1991, making 194 Minor Counties Championship appearances and 23 MCCA Knockout Trophy appearances. He", "id": "6926479" }, { "contents": "Sir Dermot Milman, 8th Baronet\n\n\n. While at Cambridge, he made two appearances in first-class cricket for Cambridge University. The first came in 1932 against Sussex, while the second came against Northamptonshire in 1933. Playing as a slow left-arm orthodox bowler, he took 4 wickets in his two matches, with best figures of 3 for 55. In addition to playing first-class cricket, Milman also played minor counties cricket for Bedfordshire from 1931–36, making 36 appearances in the Minor Counties Championship. He made four rugby union Test appearances for England", "id": "21380059" }, { "contents": "Christopher Mays\n\n\nChristopher Sean Mays (born 11 May 1966) is an English former cricketer. Mays was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm off break. He was born at Brighton, Sussex. Prior to appearing in first-class cricket, Mays played for England Young Cricketers, playing two Youth Test matches and a single Youth One Day International against West Indies Young Cricketers in 1985. Mays later made his first-class debut for Sussex against Glamorgan in the 1986 County Championship. He made seven further first-class appearances", "id": "8641340" }, { "contents": "Kamran Sheeraz\n\n\nKamran Pasha Sheeraz (born 28 December 1973) is a former English cricketer. Sheeraz was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium-fast. He was born in Wellington, Shropshire. Sheeraz made his debut in county cricket for Bedfordshire against Suffolk in the 1992 MCCA Knockout Trophy. That season he also played 7 Minor Counties Championship matches. He later made his first-class debut for Gloucestershire against Northamptonshire in the 1994 County Championship. He made 12 further first-class appearances, the last of which came", "id": "5305981" }, { "contents": "Edward Milburn\n\n\nEdward Thomas Milburn (born 15 September 1967) is a former English cricketer. Milburn was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium pace. He was born in Nuneaton, Warwickshire. Milburn made his first-class debut for Warwickshire against Hampshire in the 1987 County Championship. He made 2 further first-class appearances in 1987 for Warwickshire, against Somerset and Sussex. In his 3 first-class matches for the county, he scored 37 runs at an average of 18.50, with a highest score of 24", "id": "4488455" }, { "contents": "Michael Record\n\n\nMichael Record (born 26 February 1966) was an English cricketer. He was a right-handed batsman and right-arm medium-pace bowler who played for Devon. He was born in Exeter. Record, who also made a single appearance in the Second XI Trophy for Somerset, as well as appearing in the Minor Counties Championship and Holt Cup for Devon between 1990 and 1993, made a single List A appearance for Devon against Essex. From the tailend, he scored 8 not out, and took figures of 0", "id": "22179500" }, { "contents": "Mark Crawley\n\n\nwith 8 half centuries, 3 centuries and a high score of 140. In the field he took 17 catches. With the ball he claimed 24 wickets at a bowling average of 62.29, with a single five wicket haul which gave him best figures of 6/92. While playing for the University, Crawley also made a single first-class appearance for a combined Oxford and Cambridge Universities team against the touring New Zealanders in 1990. In 1987, he made his debut in List A cricket for a Combined Universities team against Somerset in", "id": "10655451" }, { "contents": "Reginald Caryer\n\n\nReginald George Caryer (28 September 1895 – 7 June 1957) was an English cricketer. Caryer was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium-fast. He was born at Hougham, Kent. Caryer made a single first-class appearance for Sussex against Essex at the County Ground, Leyton in the 1922 County Championship. In Sussex's first-innings, he was dismissed for 5 runs by Jack Russell, while in their second-innings he was dismissed by Laurie Eastman for 7 runs. Essex won", "id": "11250718" }, { "contents": "John Glassford (cricketer)\n\n\nJohn Glassford (born 20 July 1946) is a former English cricketer. Glassford was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm fast-medium. He was born in Sunderland, County Durham. Glassford made his debut for Durham in the 1968 Minor Counties Championship against the Warwickshire Second XI. In 1969, he played two first-class matches for Warwickshire against Cambridge University and Scotland. In these two matches, he took a total of 5 wickets at an average of 32.20, with best figures of 2/9. He", "id": "12392440" }, { "contents": "Graham Johnson (cricketer, born 1958)\n\n\nGraham Johnson (born 1 May 1958) is a former English cricketer. Johnson was a left-handed batsman who bowled right-arm fast-medium. He was born in Hetton-le-Hole, County Durham. Johnson made his debut for Durham against Cheshire in the 1982 Minor Counties Championship. He played Minor counties cricket for Durham from 1982 to 1987, making 18 Minor Counties Championship appearances and 7 MCCA Knockout Trophy appearances. He made his List A debut against Northamptonshire in the 1984 NatWest Trophy. He made 4", "id": "6296571" }, { "contents": "Keith Trotter\n\n\nKeith Trotter (born 18 January 1962) is a former English cricketer. Trotter was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm fast-medium. He was born in Silksworth, County Durham. Trotter made his debut for Durham against Cumberland in 1988 Minor Counties Championship. He played Minor counties cricket for Durham in 1988 and 1989, making 3 Minor Counties Championship appearances. He made his only List A appearance against Middlesex in the 1989 NatWest Trophy. In this match, he took the wickets of Mike Gatting and Mark", "id": "6407061" }, { "contents": "Kenneth Mathews (cricketer)\n\n\nKenneth Patrick Arthur Mathews (born 10 May 1926) is a former English cricketer. Mathews was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium pace. He was born at West Worthing, Sussex, and was educated at Felsted School. Mathews made his first-class debut for Sussex against Cambridge University in 1950. He made three further first-class appearances for the county in that season, against Surrey, Kent and Northamptonshire in the County Championship. He scored his maiden first-class half century against Kent,", "id": "13434733" }, { "contents": "Walter Reed (cricketer)\n\n\nWalter Bartlett Reed (4 February 1839 – 17 March 1880) was an English cricketer. Reed was a right-handed batsman who bowled left-arm roundarm fast. He was born at Sompting, Sussex. Reed made his first-class debut for Sussex against Surrey in 1860. He made five further first-class appearances for the county that season, the last of which came against the Marylebone Cricket Club. In his six first-class appearances, he scored a total of 38 runs at an average of 4.22,", "id": "16287081" }, { "contents": "Jason Weaver (cricketer)\n\n\nJason Richard Weaver (born 11 August 1968) is a former English cricketer. Weaver was a right-handed batsman who fielded as a wicket-keeper. He was born in Wellington, Shropshire. Weaver made his debut for Shropshire County Cricket Club in the 1989 Minor Counties Championship against Wiltshire. Weaver played Minor counties cricket for Shropshire from 1989 to 1991, making 11 Minor Counties Championship appearances and a single MCCA Knockout Trophy match. He made two List A cricket appearances for Shropshire, making his debut against Derbyshire in the 1990", "id": "21148110" }, { "contents": "Lawson Roll\n\n\nLawson Macgregor Roll (born 8 March 1965) is a former English cricketer. Roll was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm off break. He was born in Thornbury, Gloucestershire. Roll made his only first-class appearance for Gloucestershire against the touring Sri Lankans in 1984. In this match he wasn't required to bat and with the ball he bowled 15 wicket-less overs. He later played 2 MCCA Knockout Trophy matches for the Gloucestershire Cricket Board, against Wiltshire in 1999 and Herefordshire in 2000.", "id": "4487862" }, { "contents": "Harry Killick\n\n\nHarry Killick (13 July 1837 – 22 November 1877) was an English cricketer. Killick was a left-handed batsman who bowls right-arm roundarm medium. He was born at Crabtree, Sussex. Killick made his first-class debut for Sussex against Surrey at The Oval in 1866. Killick played first-class cricket for Sussex to 1875, making a total of forty appearances, the last of which came against Hampshire at the County Ground, Hove. In his forty first-class appearances for the county, he", "id": "11009846" }, { "contents": "Tom Bartram\n\n\nThomas Stephen Bartram (born 11 February 1986) is an English cricketer. Bartram is a right-handed batsman who bowls right-arm medium-fast. He was born in York, Yorkshire. While studying for his degree at Durham University, Bartram made his first-class debut for Durham UCCE against Surrey in 2006. He made a further first-class appearance for the university in 2006, against Lancashire. In his two first-class matches, he took 3 wickets at an average of 48.33, with best figures", "id": "8523111" }, { "contents": "Alfred Brackpool\n\n\nAlfred Brackpool (11 October 1857 – 24 October 1927) was an English cricketer who played in one first-class cricket match for Sussex. Brackpool was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium-pace. He was born at Crawley Down, Sussex. Brackpool made a single first-class appearance for Sussex against the Marylebone Cricket Club at Lord's in 1880. In Sussex's first innings he was dismissed for 2 runs by George Hearne. He took the wicket of Thomas Pearson in the Marylebone Cricket Club", "id": "12034871" }, { "contents": "Christopher Batt (cricketer)\n\n\nChristopher James Batt (born 22 September 1976) is a former English cricketer. Batt was a left-handed batsman who bowled left-arm medium-fast. He was born at Taplow, Buckinghamshire and educated at Cox Green School in Maidenhead, Berkshire. Batt played a single Minor Counties Championship match for Berkshire in 1997 against Herefordshire. He also made his debut in the MCCA Knockout Trophy for the county by playing a single match against Buckinghamshire. During that same season he played a single first-class match for Sussex against", "id": "21196990" }, { "contents": "Bob Herkes\n\n\nClub at Lord's. He made two further first-class appearances for the county, both in the 1979 County Championship against Sussex and Worcestershire. Herkes failed to score any runs in first-class cricket, while in his primary role as a bowler, he took 6 wickets at an average of 15.50. All of these wickets came in a single innings against Worcestershire. Herkes also played List A cricket for Middlesex, making his debut in that format against Leicestershire in the 1978 John Player League. He made two further appearances", "id": "13936586" }, { "contents": "Nick Clewley\n\n\nNicholas James Clewley (born 13 June 1983) is an English cricketer. Clewley is a right-handed batsman who bowls right-arm fast-medium. He was born in Wolverhampton, Staffordshire. Clewley made his debut for Shropshire against Oxfordshire in the 2004 Minor Counties Championship. He played Minor counties cricket for Shropshire from 2004 to 2006, making six appearances in the Minor Counties Championship and three MCCA Knockout Trophy appearances. While studying for his degree at Loughborough University, Clewley made his first-class debut for Loughborough UCCE against", "id": "7845952" }, { "contents": "Simon Steel\n\n\nSimon Andrew Steel (born 2 October 1969) is a former English cricketer. Steel was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm fast-medium. He was born at Ipswich, Suffolk. Steel made his debut in Minor counties cricket for Suffolk in the 1996 Minor Counties Championship against Bedfordshire. He made three further appearances in that season's competition, playing in matches against Staffordshire and Norfolk. In that same season he played a single List A match against first-class county Somerset in the NatWest Trophy at the", "id": "15114362" }, { "contents": "Harry Love (cricketer)\n\n\nHarry Love (30 May 1871 – 26 March 1942) was an English cricketer. Love was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm slow-medium. He was born at Hastings, Sussex. Love made his first-class debut for Sussex against Cambridge University in 1893. He made four further first-class appearances for the county, the last of which came against the Marylebone Cricket Club in 1894. In his five first-class matches, he had ten batting innings, scoring a total of 110 runs", "id": "8456727" }, { "contents": "Paul Hindmarch\n\n\nPaul Robert Hindmarch (born 8 February 1988) is an English cricketer. Hindmarch is a right-handed batsman who bowls right-arm medium-fast. He was born at Carlisle, Cumberland, and was educated as Keswick School. Hindmarch made his debut for Cumberland against Lincolnshire in the 2006 Minor Counties Championship. His next appearance for Cumberland didn't come until 2009, against Northumberland in the Minor Counties Championship, having between those appearances played second XI cricket for a number of first-class counties. His next appearance for", "id": "19122877" }, { "contents": "Ben Raine\n\n\nBenjamin Alexander Raine (born 14 September 1991) is an English cricketer. Raine is a left-handed batsman who bowls right-arm medium-fast, playing for Leicestershire. He was born in Sunderland, County Durham. Raine made a single appearance for Northumberland against Shropshire in 2010 MCCA Knockout Trophy. In 2011, Raine made his debut for Durham in a List A match in the Clydesdale Bank 40 against Warwickshire. Later in the 2011 season, Raine made his first-class debut against Sri Lanka A. In this match", "id": "10992827" }, { "contents": "Peter Gooch\n\n\nPeter Anthony Gooch (born 2 May 1949) is a former English cricketer. Gooch was a left-handed batsman who bowled right-arm fast-medium. He was born in Timperley, Cheshire. Gooch made his first-class debut for Lancashire against Oxford University in 1970. He played 3 further first-class matches in 1970, the last coming against Glamorgan in the County Championship. In his 4 first-class matches for Lancashire, he took 6 wickets at bowling average of 42.00, with best figures of 4/52", "id": "8382576" }, { "contents": "Herbert Chard\n\n\nHerbert William Chard (17 October 1869 – 9 January 1932) was an English cricketer. Chard was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium pace. He was born at Westbury, Bristol. Chard made two first-class appearances for Gloucestershire in 1889 against Surrey at The Oval and Sussex at the County Ground, Hove. He scored 35 runs at an average of 8.75, with a high score of 32, while with the ball he took 3 wickets at a bowling average of 45.33, with best figures", "id": "21845539" }, { "contents": "Aamer Khan (cricketer, born 1969)\n\n\nfour wicketless overs. His next appearance in first-class cricket came back in England in 1995 for Middlesex against Cambridge University. He made two further first-class appearances for Middlesex, both in 1995 against Oxford University and Sussex, with Khan taking a total of 8 wickets in his three matches, at an average of 17.75, with best figures of 4/51. These were his only appearances for Middlesex. He joined Sussex for the 1997 season, making his debut for the county against Northamptonshire in the County Championship. He followed", "id": "9339081" }, { "contents": "Charles Clifton (cricketer)\n\n\nCharles Clifton (13 January 1846 – date of death unknown) was an English cricketer. Clifton was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm roundarm fast. He was born at Ruddington, Nottinghamshire. Clifton made his first-class debut for Nottinghamshire against Surrey in 1873 at The Oval, with him making a further first-class appearance that season against Sussex at the County Ground, Hove. Six first-class appearances for the county followed in 1874, while in 1875 he made a first-class appearance for", "id": "8288553" }, { "contents": "Bill Johnson (cricketer)\n\n\nWilliam 'Bill' Johnson (born 27 February 1959) is a former English cricketer. Johnson was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm off break. He was born in Sunderland, County Durham. Johnson made his debut for Durham against Bedfordshire in 1986 Minor Counties Championship. He played Minor counties cricket for Durham from 1986 to 1988, making 7 Minor Counties Championship appearances and 4 MCCA Knockout Trophy appearances. He made his only List A appearance against Somerset in the 1988 NatWest Trophy. He scored 16 runs in", "id": "6296623" }, { "contents": "Peter Cousens (cricketer)\n\n\nPeter Cousens (born 15 May 1932) is a South African-born former English cricketer. He was a right-handed batsman who bowled slow left-arm orthodox. He was born in Durban, Natal. Cousens made his first-class debut for Essex against Lancashire in the 1950 County Championship. He made 38 further first-class appearances for Essex, the last of which came against Sussex in the 1955 County Championship. In his 39 first-class appearances for Essex, he took 44 wickets at a bowling average", "id": "19235363" }, { "contents": "James Carpenter (cricketer)\n\n\nJames Robert Carpenter (born 20 October 1975) is a former English cricketer. Carpenter was a left-handed batsman who bowled slow left-arm orthodox. He was born at Birkenhead, Cheshire. Carpenter made a single Minor Counties Championship appearance for Cheshire against Oxfordshire in 1996, before joining Sussex in 1997. In that same year he made his first-class debut for the county against Surrey in the County Championship. He made infrequent appearances for Sussex in first-class cricket, making twelve more appearances, the last of", "id": "17934867" } ]