Pauline /pau-line/ [2 sylls.] as a girls' name is of Latin origin, and the name Pauline means small.Pauline is an alternate form of Paula (Latin): feminine of Paul. Pauline is also a form of Paulina (Latin).Kreatif forms: Padline, Paulime, Payline.auline is a very popular first name for females (#133 out of 4276, Top 3%) and also a very popular surname for all people (#23547 out of 150436, Top 16%). (2000 U.S. Census).