Local towns near Barnstable County, MA. This is a list of smaller local towns that surround Barnstable County, MA. If you're planning a road trip or exploring the local area, make sure you check out some of these places to get a feel for the surrounding community. 1  Barnstable, MA. 2  Cobbs Village, MA. 3  Pond Village, MA. 4  Cummaquid, MA. 5  Yarmouth Station, MA.