text:
Experimental Thesis: "Living and dead benthic foraminiferal assemblages in the Tuscany platform (Grosseto). Environmental reconstruction"
Experimental short thesis: "Cristallochimic of spinels containing Chrome"
Dissertation Title: "Composition and structure of benthic foraminiferal assemblages in areas affected by river deltas. Distribution model in the Tyrrhenian continental platform (Southern Tuscany)".
Study of benthic foraminiferal assemblages in areas with high organic flux (Tyrrhenian continental platform) using also statistical analyses (Hierarchical Cluster Analysis, Principal Component Analysis). In this context 6 foraminiferal assemblages were recognised. Their distribution is linked to grain-size and fluvial input.
Recent foraminiferal assemblages distribution in the Pontine Archipelago (Central Tyrrhenian Sea). Three assemblages correlated to three different biofacies were recognised.
Autoecology of recent species, through the study of Rose Bengal stained biocenosis.
Study of foraminiferal palaeoecology (Pleistocene-Holocene) in cores and boreholes from the Ombrone River delta and Versilian Plain. The base of Versilian transgression was recognised and dated in this area-type.
Facies analysis and palaeoenvironmental interpretation of the Late Oligocene Attard Member (Lower Coralline Limestone Formation) of Malta. Four sedimentary facies were recognized (especially through red algae and foraminiferal assemblages) and grouped into two depositional environments corresponding to the inner and middle carbonate ramp.
Frezza V. (2004) - Composizione e struttura delle associazioni a foraminiferi bentonici in ambienti condizionati da delta fluviali. Modello di distribuzione in un'area della piattaforma continentale tirrenica (Toscana meridionale). PaleoItalia, 11: 22-28.
Carboni M.G., Frezza V. & Bergamin L. (2004) - Distribution of Recent benthic foraminifers in the Ombrone River Basin (Tuscany Continental Shelf, Tyrrhenian Sea, Italy): Relations with fluvial run-off. In Coccioni R., Galeotti S., Lirer F. (eds.), Proceedings in the First Italian Meeting on Environmental Micropaleontology. Grzybowsky Foundation Special Publication, 9: 7-16.
Frezza V., Carboni M.G. & Matteucci R. (2005) - Recent foraminiferal assemblages near Ponza Island (Central Tyrrhenian Sea, Italy). Bollettino della Società Paleontologica Italiana, 44: 155-173.
Frezza V., Bergamin L. & Di Bella L. (2005) - Opportunistic benthic foraminifera as indicators of eutrophicated environments. Actualistic study and comparison with the Santernian middle Tiber Valley (Central Italy). Bollettino della Società Paleontologica Italiana, 44: 193-201.
Bergamin L., Di Bella L., Frezza V., Devoti S., Nisi M.F., Silenzi S. & Carboni M.G. (2006) - Late Quaternary paleoenvironmental evolution at the Versilian coast (Tuscany, Italy): micropaleontological proxies. In Coccioni R., Marsili A. (eds.), Proceedings of the Second and Third Italian Meetings on Environmental Micropaleontology. Grzybowsky Foundation Special Publication, 11: 1-11.
Brandano M., Frezza V., Tomassetti L., Pedley M., Cuffaro M. & Matteucci R. (2008) - The controlling factors of an Upper Oligocene carbonate ramp (Attard Member, Lower Coralline Lms. Fm., Malta): from facies to paleolatitude. In Ciarapica G., Masetti D., Nardon S., Ronchi P. (eds.), Note brevi del 3° Meeting Annuale del Gruppo Italiano Carbonati - San Donato Milanese, 28-30 aprile 2008. Rendiconti online Soc. Geol. It., 2: 45-50.
Brandano M., Frezza V., Tomassetti L. & Cuffaro M. (2009) - Heterozoan carbonates in oligotrophic tropical waters: The Attard member of the lower coralline limestone formation (Upper Oligocene, Malta). Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 274: 54-63.
Brandano M., Frezza V., Tomassetti L., Pedley M. & Matteucci R. (2009) - Facies analysis and paleoenvironmental interpretation of the Late Oligocene Attard Member (Lower Coralline Limestone Formation), Malta. Sedimentology, 56: 1138-1158.
Frezza V. & Carboni M.G. (2009) - Distribution of recent foraminiferal assemblages near the Ombrone River mouth (Northern Tyrrhenian Sea, Italy). Revue de micropaléontologie, 52: 43-66.
Casalbore D., Romagnoli C., Chiocci F. & Frezza V. (2010) - Morpho-sedimentary characteristics of the volcaniclastic apron around Stromboli volcano (Italy). Marine Geology, 269: 132-148.
Brandano M., Frezza V., Pedley M. & Tomassetti L. (2010) - Reply to the Discussion by Peter A. Gatt on "Facies analysis and palaeoenvironmental interpretation of the Late Oligocene Attard Member (Lower Coralline Limestone Formation), Malta" by Brandano et al. (2009), Sedimentology, 56, 1138–1158. Sedimentology, 57: 1155-1158.
Frezza V., Pignatti J.S. & Matteucci R. (2010) - Benthic foraminiferal biofacies in temperate carbonate sediment in the Western Pontine Archipelago (Tyrrhenian Sea, Italy). Journal of Foraminiferal Research, 40: 313-326.
Di Bella L., Bellotti P., Frezza V., Bergamin L. & Carboni M.G. (2011) - Benthic foraminiferal assemblages of the imperial harbor of Claudius (Rome): Further paleoenvironmental and geoarcheological evidences. The Holocene, 21: 1245-1259.
Frezza V., Mateu-Vicens G., Gaglianone G., Baldassarre A. & Brandano M. (2011) - Mixed carbonate-siliclastic sediments and benthic foraminiferal assemblages from Posidonia oceanica seagrass meadows of the central Tyrrhenian continental shelf (Latium, Italy). Italian Journal of Geosciences, 130: 352-369.
Pignatti J.S., Frezza V., Benedetti A., Carbone F., Accordi G. & Matteucci R. (2012) - Recent foraminiferal assemblages from mixed carbonate-siliciclastic sediments of southern Somalia and eastern Kenya. Italian Journal of Geosciences, 131: 47-65.
Di Bella L., Bergamin L. & Frezza V. (2012) - Environmental changes by mean of foraminiferal assemblages in the Late Quaternary deposits of the Terracina basin (Central Tyrrhenian Sea, Italy). Journal of Mediterranean Earth Sciences, 4: 17-33.
Milli S., D'Ambrogi C., Bellotti P., Calderoni G., Carboni M.G., Celant A., Di Bella L., Di Rita F., Frezza V., Magri D., Pichezzi R.M. & Ricci V. (2013) - The transition from wave-dominated estuary to wave-dominated delta: The Late Quaternary stratigraphic architecture of Tiber River deltaic succession (Italy). Sedimentary Geology, 284-285: 159-180.
Conti M.A., Girasoli D.E., Frezza V., Conte A.M., Martorelli E., Matteucci R. & Chiocci F.L. (2013) - Repeated events of hardground formation and colonisation by endo-epilithozoans on the sediment-starved Pontine continental slope (Tyrrhenian Sea, Italy). Marine Geology, 336: 184-197.
Frezza V., Carboni M.G. & Matteucci R. (2013) - New observations on Ammolagena clavata (Jones and Parker, 1860) from the Mediterranean Sea. Journal of Foraminiferal Research, 43: 221-237.
Bergamin L., Frezza V., Gabellini M., Romano E. & Carboni M.G. (2002) - Effects of riverine inflow on benthic foraminiferal assemblages in recent and subrecent sediments near the Ombrone River Mouth (Central Tyrrhenian Sea, Italy). 3rd International Congress "Environmental Micropaleontology, Microbiology and Meiobenthology", Vienna, 1-6 September 2002: 49-50.
Frezza V. & Bergamin L. (2002) - Distribution of benthic foraminiferal assemblages in the Ombrone River Basin (Tuscany Continental Shelf, Tyrrhenian Sea, Italy). Relationships with fluvial run-off. 1st Meeting of Environmental Micropaleontology for young Italian researchers, University of Urbino, 4-6 June 2002: 11.
Bergamin L., Di Bella L., Frezza V., Devoti S., Nisi M.F., Silenzi S. & Carboni M.G. (2003) - Late Quaternary paleoenvironmental evolution and sea level changes at the Versilian coast (Tuscany, Italy): micropaleontological proxies. 2nd Italian Meeting of Environmental Micropaleontology ("Past and Recent Perturbations in the Ocean-Climate System: Ecosystem Alterations and Response of Microorganism"), University of Urbino, 10-12 June 2003: 3-4.
Romano E., Finoia M.G., Bergamin L., Frezza V., Celia Magno M., Carboni M.G., Cicero A.M., Ausili A. & Gabellini M. (2004) - Chemical physical parameters of marine sediments and distribution of recent benthic foraminifera near the Argentario headland (Northern Tyrrhenian Sea, Italy). Rapp. Comm. int. Mer Médit., 37: 544.
Frezza V. & Carboni M.G. (2004) - The distribution of recent benthic foraminiferal assemblages near the Ombrone River mouth (Northern Tyrrhenian Sea, Italy). 32° International Geological Congress, Abs. Vol., pt. 1, abs. 107-17: 522.
Frezza V., Carboni M.G. & Matteucci R. (2004) - Distribution of Recent foraminiferal assemblages near the Ponza Island (Central Tyrrhenian Sea, Latium, Italy). 4th Conference of the IGCP 464 Project "Continental Shelves during Last Glacial Cycle", Abstracts Book: 22-23.
Frezza V., Bergamin L. & Di Bella L. (2005) - Opportunistic benthic foraminifera as indicators of eutrophicated environments. Actualistic study and comparison with the Santernian middle Tiber Valley (Central Italy). Epitome, 1: 325. Geoitalia 2005.
Frezza V., Carboni M.G. & Matteucci R. (2005) - Foraminiferal assemblages from Ponza Island (Central Tyrrhenian Sea, Latium, Italy). Abstracts Giornate di Paleontologia 2005: 25-26.
Brandano M., Civitelli G., Frezza V., Matteucci R. & Tomassetti L. (2007) - Facies analysis and paleoenvironmental interpretation of Lower Coralline Limestone Formation (Upper Oligocene, Malta). Epitome, 2: 392-393. Geoitalia 2007.
Casieri S., Frezza V., Landini B., Carboni M.G. (2007) - Benthic foraminifera as proxies for a paleoenvironmental reconstruction of the mud-belt in the Holocene core VV00/6 bis(Central Adriatic Sea, Italy). In: Geophysical Research Abstracts (vol. 9). European Geosciences Union 2007. Vienna. April 16-20, 2007.
Di Bella L., Bergamin L., Frezza V., Bellotti P. & Carboni M.G. (2007) - Paleoenvironments in the Roman Claudius Harbour at the Tiber River Mouth (Central Italy). Evidences from benthic foraminifera. Geophysical Research Abstracts, 9: 4174. European Geosciences Union 2007.
Di Bella L., Bergamin L., Frezza V., Bellotti P. & Carboni M.G. (2007) - Paleoenvironments in the ancient Roman Claudius Harbour at the Tiber River Mouth (Central Italy). Evidences from benthic foraminifera. Epitome, 2: 314-315. Geoitalia 2007.
Frezza V., Carboni M.G. & Matteucci R. (2007) - Foraminiferal distribution in the western Pontine Archipelago (Tyrrhenian Sea, Italy). In Tintori A., Boccaletti M. (eds.) Riassunti Giornate di Paleontologia 2007: 29-30.
Brandano M., Frezza V., Tomassetti L., Pedley M., Cuffaro M. & Matteucci R. (2008) - The controlling factors of an Upper Oligocene carbonate ramp (Attard Member, Lower Coralline Limestone Formation, Malta): from facies to paleolatitude. Gruppo Italiano Carbonati - Meeting annuale 2008, Volume Abstract: 17-18.
Casieri S., Frezza V., Mancini S., Carboni M.G. (2008) - Epiphytic Foraminifera on leaves and rhizomes of Posidonia oceanica from Ischia Island (Tyrrhenian Sea, Italy). In: Geophysical Reserch Abstract (vol. 10). European Geosciences Union 2008. Vienna. April 13-18, 2008.
Casieri S., Carboni M.G., Frezza V. & Landini B. (2008) - Central Adriatic mud-belt evolution through benthic foraminifera. Giornate di Paleontologia VIII edizione - Simposio della Società Paleontologica Italiana, Siena, 9-13 settembre 2008, Riassunti dei lavori: 15.
Casieri S., Frezza V., Mancini S. & Carboni M.G. (2008) - Living sessile epiphytic foraminifera from Posidonia oceanica meadows of Ischia and Ponza Islands (Tyrrhenian Sea, Italy). Giornate di Paleontologia VIII edizione - Simposio della Società Paleontologica Italiana, Siena, 9-13 settembre 2008, Riassunti dei lavori: 15-17.
Frezza V., Pignatti J.S., Carbone F. & Matteucci R. (2008) - Associazioni a foraminiferi bentonici di ambienti marginali costieri della Somalia meridionale (Oceano Indiano). Giornate di Paleontologia VIII edizione - Simposio della Società Paleontologica Italiana, Siena, 9-13 settembre 2008, Riassunti dei lavori: 21-22.
Palermo G., Cestari R., Pignatti J.S., Frezza V. & Matteucci R. (2008) - Associazioni fossilifere del Cenomaniano medio-superiore e ricostruzione paleoambientale a San Polo Matese (Appennino meridionale). Giornate di Paleontologia VIII edizione - Simposio della Società Paleontologica Italiana, Siena, 9-13 settembre 2008, Riassunti dei lavori: 54-55.
Petrucci L., Landini B., Gianfagna A., Frezza V., Civitelli G. & Brandano M. (2008) - Relationship between sediment distribution and Posidonia oceanica seagrass in the Latium coast (Italy, Eastern Tyrrhenian sea). In Oggiano G., Carmignani L., Funedda A., Conti P. (eds.): Riassunti del 84° Congresso Nazionale della Società Geologica Italiana - Sassari, 15-17 settembre 2008. Rendiconti online Soc. Geol. It., 3: 637.
Tarragoni C., Cecchini S., Bellotti P., Carboni M.G., Frezza V., Pranzini E., Tortora P. & Chiocci F.L. (2009) - High resolution sismostratigraphic of the Ombrone River prodelta (Southern Tuscany). II workshop annuale V.E.C.T.O.R., Roma, 25-26 febbraio 2009, Libro degli abstracts: 56.
Casieri S., Frezza V., Succi M.C. & Carboni M.G. (2009) - Benthic foraminiferal assemblages in paleoenvironmental reconstructions: a comparison of the >125 and >63 mm fractions in the central Adriatic Sea. In Angelone C. & Zunino M. (a cura di): Giornate di Paleontologia IX Edizione, Apricena (FG), 28-31 maggio 2009, Volume dei Riassunti: 46.
Brandano M., Frezza V., Tomassetti L. & Cuffaro M. (2009) - Heterozoan carbonates in oligotrophic tropical waters: The Attard member of the lower coralline limestone formation (Upper Oligocene, Malta). 13th Congress RCMNS "Earth System Evolution and the Mediterranean area from 23Ma to the present", Napoli, 2-6 settembre 2009, Acta Naturalia, 45: 42.
Frezza V., Baldassarre A., Gaglianone G., Mateu-Vicens G. & Brandano M. (2009) - Benthic foraminiferal assemblages in a shallow-water carbonate factory (Pontine Islands, Tyrrhenian Sea, Italy). Epitome, 3: 395. Geoitalia 2009.
Mateu-Vicens G., Baldassarre A., Gaglianone G., Frezza V. & Brandano M. (2009) - The shallow-water carbonate factory of the Pontian Islands, Tyrrhenian Sea. In Pascucci V. & Andreucci S. (eds.): 27th IAS Meeting Sedimentary of Mediterranean Island(s), Alghero, 20-23 settembre 2009, Abstracts Book: 267.
Tomassetti L., Brandano M., Frezza V., Pedley M.H. & Matteucci R. (2009) - Facies analysis and paleoenvironmental interpretation of the Late Oligocene Attard Member (Lower Coralline Limestone Formation), Malta. In Pascucci V. & Andreucci S. (eds.): 27th IAS Meeting Sedimentary of Mediterranean Island(s), Alghero, 20-23 settembre 2009, Abstracts Book: 699.
Matteucci R., Pignatti J., Frezza V., Farah I.M. & Cabdulqaadir M.M. (2010) - Analisi micropaleontologica di un conglomerato (valle del fiume Shabelle) per la ricostruzione del Paleogene della Somalia Centrale. In Demasi F., Gramigna P., Guido A., Tosti F. & Rao A. (eds.): Giornate di Paleontologia X edizione, Arcavacata di Rende (CS), 27-29 maggio 2010, Riassunti: 38-39.
Di Bella L., Frezza V., Carboni M.G., Pichezzi R.M., Rossi M., Magri D., Di Rita F., Calderoni G. & D'Ambrogi C. (2010) - Paleoclimatic and paleoecological reconstruction of the Pleistocene-Holocene succession of the Tyrrhenian margin (Central Italy). Micropaleontological results from the Tiber deltaic area. 3rd International Palaeontological Congress, London, 28 June-3 July, Programme & Abstracts: 147.
Frezza V., Baldassarre A., Gaglianone G., Mateu-Vicens G. & Brandano M. (2010) - Sediments and foraminiferal assemblages in Posidonia oceanica seagrass: two cases in the Central Tyrrhenian Sea (Latium, Italy). 85° Congresso Nazionale della SGI, Pisa, 6-8 settembre 2010, Volume dei Riassunti, Rendiconti online della Società Geologica Italiana, 11 (2): 760-761.
Pignatti J., Frezza V., Benedetti A., Carbone F. & Matteucci R. (2010) - Present-day carbonate-siliciclastic sedimentation and foraminiferal assemblages along the coast of southern Somalia and northern Kenya. 85° Congresso Nazionale della SGI, Pisa, 6-8 settembre 2010, Volume dei Riassunti, Rendiconti online della Società Geologica Italiana, 11 (2): 502-503.
Gaglianone G., Frezza V., Mateu-Vicens G., Baldassarre A. & Brandano M. (2011) - Mixed carbonate-siliciclastic sediments and benthic foraminiferal assemblages from Posidonia oceanica seagrass meadows of the central Tyrrhenian continental shelf (Latium, Italy). Congresso dell’Associazione Italiana per la Geologia del Sedimentario – GeoSed, Caserta, 27-28 settembre 2011, Rendiconti online della Società Geologica Italiana, 17: 99.
Matteucci R., Di Bella L., Frezza V., Pignatti J. (2011) - The Miocene spongolitic outcrop of Rocca di Cave (Prenestini Mountains). Epitome, 4: 300-301. Geoitalia 2011.
Casalbore D., Romagnoli C., Chiocci F.L., Bosman A. & Frezza V. (2012) - Widespread mass-wasting processes and related geohazard on two submarine volcaliclastic apron: Stromboli and Vulcano case-studies (Italy). The Deep-Sea & Sub-Seafloor Frontiers Conference, Sitges (Barcelona), 11-14 March 2012: 1 p.
D'Amico C., Aiello G., Barra D., Bracone V., Di Bella L., Esu D., Frezza V. & Rosskopf C.M. (2012) - Late Quaternary palaeoenvironmental evolution of the Central Adriatic coast in the Trigno river mouth area (Molise Region). Giornate di Paleontologia XII edizione, Catania, 24-26 Maggio 2012, Volume dei Riassunti: 80.
Brandano M., Tomassetti L., Frezza V. & Cuffaro M. (2012) - The Halimeda dominated prograding wedge of the Pietra di Finale (Middle Miocene, Liguria). In Critelli S., Muto F., Perri F., Petti F.M., Sonnino M. & Zuccari A. (a cura di): 86° Congresso Nazionale della SGI, Arcavacata di Rende (CS), 18-20 settembre 2012, Note brevi e Riassunti, Rendiconti online della Società Geologica Italiana, 21(2): 918.
Frezza V., Carboni M.G. & Di Bella L. (2012) - Late Holocene paleoenvironmental evidences from foraminiferal assemblages in the Northern Tyrrhenian Sea (Southern Tuscany, Italy). In Critelli S., Muto F., Perri F., Petti F.M., Sonnino M. & Zuccari A. (a cura di): 86° Congresso Nazionale della SGI, Arcavacata di Rende (CS), 18-20 settembre 2012, Note brevi e Riassunti, Rendiconti online della Società Geologica Italiana, 21(2): 1083-1085.
Frezza V., D'Amico C., Aiello G., Barra D., Bracone V., Di Bella L., Esu D. & Rosskopf C.M. (2012) - Late Quaternary palaeoenvironmental evolution of the central Adriatic coast in the Trigno mouth area (Molise Region). In Critelli S., Muto F., Perri F., Petti F.M., Sonnino M. & Zuccari A. (a cura di): 86° Congresso Nazionale della SGI, Arcavacata di Rende (CS), 18-20 settembre 2012, Note brevi e Riassunti, Rendiconti online della Società Geologica Italiana, 21(2): 1086-1088.
Gaglianone G., Frezza V., Mateu-Vicens G. & Brandano M. (2012) - Surface sediments of seagrass meadows along the Tyrrhenian continental shelf (Italy). In Critelli S., Muto F., Perri F., Petti F.M., Sonnino M. & Zuccari A. (a cura di): 86° Congresso Nazionale della SGI, Arcavacata di Rende (CS), 18-20 settembre 2012, Note brevi e Riassunti, Rendiconti online della Società Geologica Italiana, 21(2): 926-928.
Di Bella L., Frezza V., Bergamin L., Chiocci F.L., Falese F., Martorelli E., Tarragoni C. & Carboni M.G. (2012) - Foraminiferal record and high resolution seismic stratigraphy of the Late Holocene deltaic succession of the Ombrone River (Northern Tyrrhenian Sea, Italy). INQUA SEQS 2012 Meeting “At the edge of the Sea: sediments, geomorphology, tectonics, and stratigraphy in Quaternary studies”, Sassari (Italy), 26-30 September 2012, Program and Abstract Book: 24-25.
D’Amico C., Bracone V., Esu D., Frezza V. & Guerrieri P. (2012) - Palaeontology and stratigraphy of the Latest Messinian-Lower Pliocene Deposits in the Apennines: new Insights from Molise (Southern Italy). In Stoica M., Melinte-Dobrinescu M.C. & Palcu D. (eds.): RCMNS Interim Colloquium “Paratethys-Mediterranean Interactions: Environmental Crises during the Neogene”, Bucharest, 27-30 September 2012, Abstract Volume: 39-40.
Chiocci F.L. & FAIVI Team (Alonso B., Conte A.M., Casalbore D., Casas D., Di Bella L., Estrada F., Forleo V., Frezza V., Lebani A., Maisto F., Martorelli E., Falese F., Hipolito A., Pacheco J., Pimentel A., Quartau R., Roque C., Romagnoli C., Santoro P.C., Sampaio I., Sposato A., Tempera F.) (2012) - New Insights into the 1998-2001“Serreta” Eruption (Azores) from a Marine Geological Investigation (FAIVI Cruise, September 2011). MAKAVOL 2012 El Hierro, 1st Anniversary International Conference Commemorating the 2011-2012 El Hierro Submarine Eruption, El Hierro, Canary Islands (Spain), October 10-15, 2012.
Di Bella L., Frezza V., Alivernini M. & Faugno (2013) - The role of benthic foraminiferal assemblages in the postglacial coastal evolution: a regional model from the Tyrrhenian Basin (Mediterranean). In Leckie R.M., Leckie P., Fraass A., Crux J. & Lundquist J. (eds.): Geologic Problem Solving with Microfossils III international conference, Houston (Texas, USA), 10-13 March 2013, Abstracts Volume with Program: 37-38.
Di Bella L., Frezza V., Conte A.M., Carboni M.G., Chiocci F.L. & FAIVI Team (Alonso B., Casalbore D., Casas D., Estrada F., Falese F., Forleo V., Hipolito A., Lebani A., Maisto F., Martorelli E., Pacheco J., Pimentel A., Quartau R., Romagnoli C., Roque C., Sampaio I., Santoro P.C., Sposato A., Tempera F.) (2013) - Foraminiferal assemblages in active volcanic area of Azores Islands. GEOHAB 2013, Rome, 6-10 May 2013, Abstract Volume: 1 p.
Romano E., Bergamin L., Frezza V., Ausili A., Celia Magno M., Pierfranceschi G., Venti F. & Gabellini M. (2013) - Evoluzione dell’impatto antropico nel porto di Augusta (Sicilia orientale): foraminiferi bentonici, indicatori di qualità ambientale. In Anzalone E., Lirer F., Ferraro L., Di Fiore V., Pappone G., Marsella E. & D’Argenio B. (a cura di): Riassunti del Congresso AIQUA 2013 “L’ambiente Marino Costiero del Mediterraneo oggi e nel recente passato geologico. Conoscere per comprendere”, Napoli, 19-21 giugno 2013, Miscellanea INGV, 19: 30.
Frezza V., Carboni M.G. & Di Bella L. (2013) - Distribution of recent ostracods near the Ombrone River Mouth (Northern Tyrrhenian Sea, Italy). 17th International Symposium on Ostracoda, Roma, 23-26 July 2013, Abstract Book, Il Naturalista Siciliano, 37: 137-139.
Italian Paleontological Society (SPI), since 2001; Cushman Foundation for Foraminiferal Research, since 2010; Italian Geological Society (SGI), since 2011; International Association of Sedimentologists (IAS), since 2012.

matches: V. V. V. V. V. V. V. V. V. V. V. V. V. V. V. V. V.


text:
J. Vernal JACKSON, Warden of Clinton Prison, Dannemora, N. Y., Respondent-Appellee.
Allan N. Smiley, Asst. Atty. Gen. of the State of New York, New York City (Louis J. Lefkowitz, Atty. Gen., New York City, Paxton Blair, Sol. Gen., Albany, N. Y., and Samuel A. Hirshowitz, Asst. Sol. Gen. of the State of New York, New York City, on the brief), for respondent-appellee.
Relator, presently serving a sentence of ten to thirty years for a 1940 conviction of robbery in New York, questions the fairness of his trial. He was represented by counsel throughout the trial and on appeal when his conviction was affirmed. People v. Shapiro, 260 App.Div. 861, 23 N.Y.S.2d 554, affirmed 287 N.Y. 824, 41 N.E.2d 98. Not until 1955 did he make the present contention that he was not present during a part of the trial. This contention when made in a coram nobis proceeding was dismissed as an error apparent on the face of the record — since the trial minutes do not show relator's presence at the time questioned — and hence available only on a timely motion for a new trial, People v. Shapiro, 2 Misc.2d 462, 153 N.Y.S.2d 438, affirmed 3 A.D.2d 740, 161 N.Y.S.2d 564, affirmed 3 N.Y.2d 203, 165 N.Y.S.2d 14, 144 N.E. 2d 12, although a companion case seems to the contrary. People v. Blank, N.Y. L.J., Jan. 25, 1957, affirmed 4 A.D. 2d 755, 165 N.Y.S.2d 700, certiorari denied Blank v. New York, 355 U.S. 963, 78 S.Ct. 551, 2 L.Ed.2d 537. Respondent here contends that relator has failed to exhaust his available state remedies. In view of this confusion as to the New York remedies and since we are quite clear as to the merits, we place our decision on broader grounds.
It is relator's claim, albeit thus belated, that, after the jury had retired at the close of his trial, they returned to the courtroom while he was not present and at their request the testimony of three witnesses was read to them. We are unable to discover any injustice or prejudice in this claimed defect; the reading of the testimony on the jury's request was quite proper, and relator was present and represented by counsel throughout the testimony at the trial. Even in the federal courts limited exceptions to an accused's absolute right to be present throughout his trial are permitted. See United States v. Switzer, 2 Cir., 252 F.2d 139, 143-144; Parker v. United States, 4 Cir., 184 F.2d 488. In the absence of even a suggestion of prejudice to relator, we find no violation of his right to due process under the Fourteenth Amendment of the United States Constitution.

matches: v. v. v. v. v. v.


The Devil's in the Intent: Does 18 U.S.C. § 666 Require Proof of Quid Pro Quo Intent?, 42 Sw. L. Rev. 229 (2012).
In this article I explore the split that has arisen in the United States Courts of Appeals over the mens rea required by 18 U.S.C. § 666, which is commonly referred to as federal programs bribery. The section prohibits a covered official from receiving "anything of value" "in connection with" an official act. The split lies in the proper interpretation of the "in connection with" language. Some courts have held that the section does not require a federal prosecutor to prove a specific connection between the thing of value and the official act, i.e., that the prosecutor does not need to prove a quid pro quo relationship. A more generalized connection will suffice with courts frequently relying on the plain language of the statute and approving of jury instructions that simply use the words "in connection with." Others hold that a quid pro quo relationship must be proved.After exploring the labyrinthine legislative history of § 666, which was enacted as part of the Comprehensive Crime Control Action of 1984, I delve into issues of statutory interpretation, especially in light of the United States Supreme Court's case of Sun-Diamond Growers of California v. United States, in which the Court interpreted language in a related section, 18 U.S.C. § 201, and determined that the bribery proscription under that section required a quid pro quo relationship whereas the gratuity proscription did not. After reviewing these and other facets of the interpretational issue, I conclude that § 666 requires a federal prosecutor to prove a quid pro quo relationship between the thing of value and the official act and offer a "but-for" test to establish this proof.
Many students of either constitutional law or public international law will be familiar with the series of United States Supreme Court cases culminating in Medellin v. Texas. This series of cases exposes the dramatic interplay of international legal obligations vis-a-vis domestic law in the United States. The United States is a state-party to the Vienna Convention on Consular Relations, a multilateral treaty currently with 173 signatories that governs many aspects of consulates and consular officials. Of all of the articles contained within the Convention, perhaps none has received as much attention and engendered as much controversy as Article 36(1)(b), which provides that a foreign national has a right to have her consulate contacted if she is detained in a foreign state that is a party to the VCCR. Law enforcement in the United States routinely violates this provision, though the issue is often not litigated for the first time until the appellate stage. Courts have also diverged on whether or not Article 36(1)(b) is self-executing, as there is no implementing legislation for the VCCR, and whether the treaty creates enforceable private rights.Foreclosing many of those issues, the California Legislature enacted Penal Code § 834c, which codifies as state law the right to consular notification embodied in Article 36(1)(b), though with some minor deviations from the treaty's text. California courts have split, however, on what remedy, if any, to apply to violations by law enforcement of this section. In this article, I explore four remedies that have been applied by state and federal courts for violations of both VCCR Article 36(1)(b) and Penal Code § 834c. I conclude that, given the limitations imposed by the California Constitution's Victims' Bill of Rights, exclusion of confessions obtained from a defendant who has not been advised of her right to consular notification is not a legally viable option. Thus, the failure to advise of a foreign national of her § 834c right should be included in the broader voluntariness inquiry for the confession under the Fourteenth Amendment.Note: This article is available for publication. If you represent an interested publication, please contact me with the relevant details. The abstract and full text of the article can be viewed at http://ssrn.com/abstract=2135119.


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The Court observes at the outset that the domestic authorities’ decision directly affected the political party into which the public movement of the same name had decided to re-organise itself, rather than the applicant himself as an individual. It had no incidence on the autonomous existence or activity of that public movement or on the applicant’s leadership position within it (see, by contrast, Hasan and Chaush v. Bulgaria [GC], no. 30985/96, §§ 63-65, ECHR 2000‑XI). As the public movement pursuing essentially the same objectives has continued its activity, it does not appear that the refusal to register the political party deprived the applicant of a possibility of jointly or individually pursuing the aims which the movement and party had harboured and thus of exercising the right in question (see, by contrast, Sidiropoulos and Others v. Greece, judgment of 10 July 1998, Reports of Judgments and Decisions 1998‑IV, § 31). For the purposes of the following analysis, the Court will nevertheless assume that the refusal to register the political party amounted to an interference with the applicant’s right to freedom of association.
The interference was based on section 9 § 3 of the Political Parties Act, which introduced a prohibition on the establishment of political parties based, in particular, on religious or ethnic affiliation. The exact import of the term “based on... ethnic or religious affiliation” was clarified in the same legal provision and also extensively examined and interpreted by the domestic courts in the applicant’s case. The applicant did not dispute that that provision was formulated with sufficient precision enabling him to foresee the consequences which a given action might entail and to regulate his conduct accordingly (cf. Refah Partisi (the Welfare Party) and Others v. Turkey [GC], nos. 41340/98, 41342/98, 41343/98 and 41344/98, § 57, ECHR 2003-II, with further references). The Court is therefore satisfied that the interference was “prescribed by law”.
The Court further notes that the Russian Constitutional Court founded its decision on the conviction that the establishment of parties based on ethnic or religious affiliation would imperil the peaceful co-existence of nations and religions in the Russian Federation and would undermine the principles of a secular state and equality before the law. Having regard to the special features of the social and political situation prevailing in contemporary Russia as they were outlined by the Constitutional Court, the Court accepts that the interference pursued the legitimate aims of preventing disorder and protecting the rights and freedoms of others.
It remains to be determined whether the interference was “necessary in a democratic society”. The Court reiterates that freedom of association is not absolute, and it must be accepted that where an association, through its activities or the intentions it has expressly or implicitly declared in its programme, jeopardises the State’s institutions or the rights and freedoms of others, Article 11 does not deprive the State of the power to protect those institutions and persons. This follows both from paragraph 2 of Article 11 and from the State’s positive obligations under Article 1 of the Convention to secure the rights and freedoms of persons within its jurisdiction (see Refah Partisi, cited above, §§ 96-103). Nonetheless, this power must be used sparingly, as exceptions to the rule of freedom of association are to be construed strictly and only convincing and compelling reasons can justify restrictions on that freedom. It is in the first place for the national authorities to assess whether there is a “pressing social need” to impose a given restriction in the general interest. While the Convention leaves to those authorities a margin of appreciation in this connection, their assessment is subject to supervision by the Court. Its task, however, is not to substitute its own view for that of the national authorities, which are better placed to decide both on legislative policy and measures of implementation, but to review under Article 11 the decisions they delivered in the exercise of their discretion. It must look at the interference complained of in the light of the case as a whole and determine whether it was “proportionate to the legitimate aim pursued” and whether the reasons adduced by the national authorities to justify it are “relevant and sufficient” (see Sidiropoulos, cited above, § 40; Gorzelik and Others v. Poland [GC], no. 44158/98, §§ 94-96, 17 February 2004; and United Communist Party of Turkey and Others v. Turkey, judgment of 30 January 1998, Reports 1998‑I, §§ 46-47).
The Court will first consider whether there could be said to have been a “pressing social need” to take the impugned measure in order to achieve the legitimate aims pursued. In this context it reiterates that pluralism, tolerance and broadmindedness are amongst the hallmarks of a “democratic society”. Although individual interests must on occasion be subordinated to those of a group, democracy does not simply mean that the views of the majority must always prevail: a balance must be achieved which ensures the fair and proper treatment of minorities and avoids any abuse of a dominant position (see Gorzelik, cited above, § 90, with further references).
The applicant did not contest the finding by the domestic courts of general jurisdiction that the name of his political party advocated the promotion of the interests of a particular ethnic group, the Russians. The Court takes note of the applicant’s agreement on the accuracy of that finding.
In deciding on the applicant’s complaint, the Russian Constitutional Court has noted the special role of Russian political parties as the only actors in the political process capable of nominating candidates for election at all levels. Having regard to the importance of that role, the legislature banned discrimination in access to the membership of political parties, including, specifically, discrimination on the ground of race, religion and ethnic origin. When considering the legal consequences of registering political parties openly declaring their affiliation with a certain ethnic group or religion, the Constitutional Court evidently proceeded from the assumption that the establishment of such parties would be incompatible with the non-discrimination clause of the Political Parties Act. Indeed, it is hardly conceivable that a party standing for the furtherance of the interests of one ethnic group or religious denomination would be able to ensure the fair and proper representation of members of other ethnic groups or adherents of other faiths. Thus, the impugned measure, read together with the non-discrimination clause, served to implement the guarantee of equality enshrined in Article 19 of the Russian Constitution, as well as to ensure the fair treatment of minorities in the political process.
The Court, for its part, recalls that discrimination on account of one’s ethnic origin or religion is a form of racial discrimination, which is a particularly invidious kind of discrimination and, in view of its perilous consequences, requires from the authorities special vigilance and a vigorous reaction (see Timishev v. Russia, nos. 55762/00 and 55974/00, § 56, ECHR 2005‑...; and Nachova and Others v. Bulgaria, nos. 43577/98 and 43579/98, § 145, 26 February 2004). The Court accordingly accepts that the impugned measure was adopted in pursuance of “pressing social need”.
It remains for the Court to ascertain whether the refusal to register the political party bearing the name “Russian All-National Union” was proportionate to the legitimate aims pursued.
The Court, firstly, distinguishes the present case from the cases in which the refusal of registration prevented an association of citizens from even commencing its activities (see Sidiropoulos, § 46; Gorzelik, § 105; and United Communist Party of Turkey, § 51, all cited above). In the instant case the legal status or activities of the public movement “Russian All-National Union”, which took the decision to re-organise itself into a political party under the same name, have not been affected by the refusal to register that party. It has lawfully existed since 1998 and its activities or membership have not been restricted in any way.
Secondly, the Court notes that the prohibition against explicit ethnic or religious affiliation was of a limited remit: it applied solely to political parties but not to any other type of public associations. As the Court has had an opportunity to observe, political parties are a form of association essential to the proper functioning of democracy, but it is only natural that the participation of citizens in the democratic process is to a large extent achieved through belonging to associations in which they may integrate with each other and pursue common objectives collectively (see United Communist Party of Turkey, § 25; and Gorzelik, § 92, both cited above). As noted above, the applicant’s ability to lead a public association – whether based on ethnic affiliation as in the instant case, or otherwise – in the pursuit of that association’s objectives has been unhampered.
The Court concludes, therefore, that it was not the applicant’s freedom of association per se that was restricted by the State (cf. Gorzelik, cited above, § 106). What has been affected, though, is the ability of the association under his leadership to nominate candidates in elections. Had the political party “Russian All-Nation Union” obtained registration, it would have become eligible to stand for election, including election to the national Parliament. In this connection, the Court reiterates that, given the special role of political parties, States have considerable latitude to establish the criteria for participation in elections, which vary in accordance with the historical and political factors peculiar to each State (see Podkolzina v. Latvia, no. 46726/99, § 33, ECHR 2002‑II; and Gitonas and Others v. Greece, judgment of 1 July 1997, Reports 1997‑IV, pp. 1233-34, § 39). The Russian Constitutional ``````````````````````Court has expounded on the reasons which led it to conclude that in modern-day Russia it would be perilous to foster electoral competition between political parties based on ethnic or religious affiliation. Regard being had to the principle of respect for national specificity in electoral matters, the Court does not find that these reasons were arbitrary or unreasonable.
It follows that the authorities did not prevent the applicant from forming an association to express and promote the specific aims embraced by it, but from creating a legal entity which, following its registration, would have become entitled to stand for election. Given that the national authorities were entitled to consider that the contested interference met a “pressing social need” and given that the interference was not disproportionate to the legitimate aims pursued, the refusal to register the applicant’s political party can be regarded as having been “necessary in a democratic society” within the meaning of Article 11 § 2 of the Convention.
It follows that this complaint is manifestly ill-founded and must be rejected in accordance with Article 35 §§ 3 and 4 of the Convention.