Her two sons, Jamie Abercrombie Robinson (1957-) and George Anderson Robinson (1959-) were born in Houston where they continue to live.

(meta data) TITLE: The Texas 100: Survey Results – Texas Monthly

(meta data) PUBLISHER: https://www.facebook.com/texas.monthly.magazine

Ross Perot (who else?) tops our annual survey of the wealthiest Texans.

• Henry Ross Perot Dallas • Data Processing Systems

$3.25 billion, UP $250 million from 1991.

Assets Subtract $10 million spend on his presidential bid—but he'll earn it back in interest in less than a month.

He made his first billion (give or take a few hundred million) by taking Electronic Data Systems, the company he founded, public in 1968; his second billion by selling out to General Motors for cash and stock in 1984; his third billion, following a nasty spat with GM, when he sold the stock back to the company.

Now he invests in high-tech start-ups (Steve Job's Next Computer) and real estate between Dallas and Fort Worth (the Alliance Airport project).

Perot also spreads his billions among tax-free state and municipal bonds.

That's Life Perot Systems, launched as and EDS competitor in 1988, recently clinched $1 billion in contracts: "Right now this is a good business, but you couldn't ride it forever."

Abandoned independent presidential campaign in July.

• Perry Richardson Bass Forth Worth • Investments

• Edwards Perry Bass Forth Worth • Investments

• Robert Muse Bass Forth Worth • Investments • 44

$6.6 billion, UP $300 million from 1991.

Basses' investments continue to rack up gains.

A juggernaut of stock holdings, oil and gas, and real estate investments, started with the $8 million Perry's wildcatter uncle, Sid Richardson, left Perry's four sons in 1959.

The $400 million the Basses invested in Disney in 1984 is now worth more than $3 billion.

A favorite Bass project has been the rebuilding and revitalization of downtown Fort Worth.

That's Life Perry shepherded the legacy until retiring in 1969, turning over a $50 million fortune to his sons: "I thought of business as trying to develop something to pass on to those boys."

Enter Richard Rainwater, a Stanford chum of Sid's, who steered the Basses to billionairehood.

Exit Rainwater in 1986; now brothers individually tend their own investments from family's Fort Worth office tower.

Sid describes self as "bright but not brilliant."

Ed bankrolled Biosphere II, a greenhouselike Planet Earth imitation plunked down in the Arizona desert.

Robert sold New York's Plaza hotel to Donald Trump.

Lee holds family's oil, ranching, and political reins; recently set Vale, Colorado, record by paying $6.25 million for mountain mansion.

• Robert Henry Dedman Dallas • Private Clubs

Assets Dedman's ClubCorp International runs a leisure-time empire of more than 250 country clubs, worldwide resorts, and golf courses: "We're like the General Motors of the club industry."

That's Life Started Dallas' Brookhaven Country Club in 1957 while practicing law.

Client H. L. Hunt said of him, "He's the only person who, while playing tennis, will get your ears tired before your legs."

Built ClubCorp by purchasing mismanaged private clubs and drawing new members by adding facilities.

• Harold Clark Simmons Dallas • Financier

$775 million, DOWN $85 million from 1991

Assets Simmons controls Valhi, a holding company through which he owns stock in a variety of public companies; real estate rounds out his investments.

That's Life Valhi stock—worth $1.7 billion in 1990—hasn't recovered from Simmons' failed 1991 Lockheed takeover attempt.

Disgruntled stockholder in Maxxam, controlled by Charles Hurwitz; now suing company for financial mismanagement.

Says worst habit is impulsive decisions.

• Jerry J. Moore Houston • Shopping Centers • 64

$750 million, DOWN $150 million from 1991.

With more than 20 million square feet of strip shopping centers around Texas, he has the pocket change to afford a world-class collection of more than six hundred vintage cars, including Jean Harlow's 1931 Cadillac convertible.

That's Life Works twelve-hour days operating the neglected centers he buys, then renovates.

Takes off one week a year to attend car shows.

• Charles Clarence Butt San Antonio • H.E.B. Grocery • 54

Assets Butt sits at the head of the table of family-owned H.E.B. Founded in Kerrville by his grandmother in 1905, the food giant is Texas' largest grocery chain, with 240 stores dotting the state and more than $3 billion in sales.

H.E.B. is aggressively expanding to battle new out-of-state rivals.

That's Life Started as grocery carry-out boy at age eight.

Wrested control of H.E.B. from elder brother in 1971; in 1976 broke with family's Baptist tradition and began selling beer and wine.

Sailing buff, thanks to Corpus Christi upbringing.

• Robert Lee Moody Galveston • Inheritance (Insurance)

Moody's life insurance company stocks are up.

As the chairman of Moody National Bank, Robert presides over American National Insurance, the core of the Moody family fortune, founded in 1905 by his grandfather W. L. Moody, Jr. W. L. left most of his estate to a foundation; in 1979, Robert Moody gained control by buying the foundation's 51 percent of Moody National Bank.

That's Life A Red Sox fan since Boston boarding school education.

Started own insurance company, National Western Life, in 1961 with income from family trust.

"Bobby works twenty-four hours a day; he's always thinking work," says a friend.

Built Galveston's Transitional Learning Community for the brain-damaged after son suffered head injury in Jeep accident.

• Roy Michael Huffington Houston • Oil and Gas

Assets Cash from the 1990 sale of Huffco, an oil and gas exploration company Huffington founded in 1956, and bolstered with a huge Indonesian gas strike in 1972: "Selling was the toughest decision of my life; it's worse than losing family members."

That's Life Became fascinated with geology in college: "Mother Earth turned from an immobile planet to one that was alive and breathing."

Now U.S. ambassador to Austria but still longs for oil field.

Son Michael is a Republican running for Congress in California.

• Margaret Hunt Hill Dallas • Inheritance (Oil and Gas)

• Haroldson Lafayette "Hassie" Hunt III Dallas • Inheritance (Oil and Gas)

• Caroline Rose Hunt Dallas • Inheritance (Oil and Gas)

$1.7 billion, DOWN $500 million from 1991.

Troubled real estate investments combined with decreased oil and gas production lower estimate.

Assets Oil and gas inherited from their father, legendary oilman H. L. Hunt.

Caroline plunged into the luxury hotel and real estate market, while Margaret largely stuck with managing Hassie's and her oil and gas interests.

That's Life Half of the prolific Hunt's first brood; brothers Bunker and Herbert kissed fortune good-bye in eighties with attempt to corner silver market.

Margaret built Garden of the Gods Club near Colorado Springs.

Hassie, long plagued by mental problems, lives outside Dallas; spends time walking and following sports statistics.

Caroline's Rosewood Hotels manages lavish properties, also owns Dallas' Mansion on Turtle Creek and Crescent Court.

Plans to keep hand in hotel business "until I get kicked out, I guess."

• George Phydias Mitchell Houston • Oil and Gas

$520 million, DOWN $90 million from 1991

Shrinking exploration and production leads to office closings and pushes Mitchell Energy and Development stock down.

Assets Controlling interest in publicly help Mitchell Energy and Development, an independent gas producer and real estate developer in Houston and Galveston

Mitchell built North Houston's 25,000 acre Woodlands.

That's Life Following bookie's tip, drilled in North Texas in 1952, hitting huge Boonsville gas field.

Poured more than $60 million into renovating Galveston's historic Strand district; attended this year's annual Mardi Gras ball in Galveston with Columbus' ships painted on his head.

• Elizabeth Hall Reid Denton • Hallmark Cards

Assets Roughly two thirds (shared with out-of-state brother and sister) of Hallmark Cards, the $2.7 billion in sales greeting card giant founded by father, Joyce C. Hall, in 1910.

That's Life Family lived simply on farm outside Kansas City, Kansas, despite wealth; Reid now lives on farm outside Denton.

Saved needlepoint shop from bankruptcy; works there often.

• Anne Windfohr Marion Fort Worth • Inheritance (Oil and Gas)

Assets Oil, cattle, and some 450,000 acres corralled by her great-grandfather Chisolm trail cowboy Burk Burnett.

Marion took over the operations when her mother, Anne Tandy, died in 1980.

That's Life Respected for business acumen and bird-hunting prowess.

"It's in her genes," says a friend, referring to Burnett's shooting of two men in self-defense.

Fourth husband is Sotheby's chairman, John Marion; keeps Manhattan apartment; neighbor is oil heir Gordon Getty.

• Robert Drayton McLane, Jr. Temple • Wal-Mart, Grocery Distribution • 56

Assets Wal-Mart stock acquired in merger with family-owned grocery distribution firm, McLane Company, in 1990.

McLane just shelled out some $115 million to buy Houston Astros: "I'm a wholesale grocer who's trying to learn baseball."

That's Life Grandfather founded McLane Company in 1894.

Drayton jettisoned plans to teach after attending wholesalers convention during senior year at Baylor University.

With McClane at the helm, company reached more than $5 billion in sales.

• Albert Billy Alkek Houston • Oil and Gas

Assets A blue-chip stock-and-bond portfolio (courtesy of healthy oil and gas interests) and numerous Texas ranches.

That's Life Generous philanthropist; contributions have led to at least twelve eponymous buildings: "What can you do with money: Can't wear but one suit."

Believes "doing good" brings good luck—and it has.

Do-gooder Alkek built a school for Bandera County in exchange for South Texas ranchland; fifteen years later, he found oil on the land.

• Fred Trammell Crow Dallas • Real Estate

$400 million, DOWN $100 million from 1991.

Assets A portfolio of office, residential, industrial, and retail space; the Trammell Crow Company's owned and managed projects exceed 240 million square feet worldwide.

That's Life Changed Dallas' retail face with the Market Center.

The Apparel Mart is now threatened by rent dispute that could cause tenant exodus.

Over-building nationwide forced Crow to concentrate on property management instead of development.

$400 million, DOWN $60 million from 1991.

Sluggish personal computer sales and new competitors take their toll.

Assets CompuAdd, a personal computer manufacturer recently reorganized by Hayden into three separate companies to speed up market response: "It was more fun when it was small."

That's Life Bought PCs from Michael Dell's dorm-room computer store while Dell bought peripherals from Hayden's Chevette trunk: "We became competitors, and that was the last time we talked.

Workaholic; runs to relieve stress; teaches Sunday school.

• Richard Edward Rainwater Fort Worth • Financier

Assets Profits from years of successful dealmaking, including stock coups in Disney and Texaco; also oil and real estate.

That's Life Scored biggest investment home run this year since leaving as the Basses' adviser in 1986: Hospital Corporation of America.

After leveraged buyout of HCA in 1989, it went public, turning his $16 million stake into about $200 million in stock:

"The net experience is fun, and the tendency is to want to do more."

• Ruth Ray Hunt Dallas • Inheritance (Oil and Gas)

• Ray Lee Hunt Dallas • Inheritance (Oil and Gas)

• Ruth June Hunt Dallas • Inheritance (Oil and Gas) • 47

The legacy H. L. Hunt left his second family included the bulk of Hunt Oil and Hunt Realty.

Out-of-state siblings Swanee Hunt and Helen Hendrix also share in this fortune.

That's Life Ruth, already the mother of four of H. L.'s children, married him in 1957, two years after his first wife's death

Backer of First Baptist pastor W. A. Criswell's college in Dallas.

Ray took over Hunt Oil at 31; hit Yemen "elephant" (oil-field slang for a huge field) in 1984; now refocusing on domestic drilling: "It has become a lot harder overseas."

June lives modestly; once hosted radio ministry show.

Assets Fayez Sarofim and Company, the "shop" Sarofim started in 1958 with a $100,000 loan from his father

; the stock picker extraordinaire now manages some $27 billion assets.

That's Life Egyptian-born; hit Houston in 1951 with Harvard MBA: "I was amazed by the wealth being created here and how unimaginatively it was managed by local banks."

Predicts a 6,000 to 10,000 Dow-Jones industrial average by the year 2000.

• Robert Brittingham, Sr. Dallas • Ceramic Tile

Assets In 1990, sold Dal-Tile Group, a ceramic-tile maker he co-founded with brother Jack in the forties, for $650 million.

He manages his investments through Dallas-based Dal-Briar.

That's Life Brother Jack, a.k.a. Juan, made Mexico home to run Dal-Tile's manufacturing operations.

Robert could make jail home after being indicted this year on federal charges that he instructed Dal-Tile employees to dump hazardous waste illegally.

Conviction on all seventeen felony counts could bring 85 years in prison and a $4.25 million fine.

Brittingham denies charges; he's "shocked" says his attorney.

In 1991, Texas Water Commission fined Dal-Tile for polluting two southeast Dallas landfills with hazardous waste.

• Edwin Lochridge Cox, Sr. Dallas • Oil and Gas

Assets Cox Oil and Gas, an independent oil firm formed by Ed's father, who left Arkansas to follow the oil booms from Oklahoma to Texas.

That's Life Took over Cox Oil and Gas after World War II Navy stint; big strikes in Alabama and Texas made it one of nation's largest independents.

"Big Daddy was always at hand for advice, which I needed all the time."

Southern Methodist University's business school is named for Ed.

Crazy about black Labrador, Rocket: "He is my love."

• John Lee Cox Midland • Oil and Gas • 67

Assets Oil and gas finds around the nation from more than forty years as an independent; Cox was dubbed the Spraberry King after strikes in West Texas' vast Spraberry Trend.

That's Life Bemoans oil slump but has no plans for foreign drilling: "I'm sixty-seven years old.

Why beat your brains out on something like that?"

Relaxes on 70,000-acre ranch but is "too chicken-hearted" to partake in branding and horn cutting.

Plays golf with Tex Moncrief in Palm Springs, California.

Jerry Jones fan; says, "I go to Cowboys games when they're winning."

• Margaret Cullen Marshall Barksdale • Inheritance (Oil and Gas)

• Wilhelmina Cullen Robertson Houston • Inheritance (Oil and Gas) • 69

Assets Quintana Petroleum, which controls oil and gas interests inherited from their father, wildcatter king Hugh Roy Cullen whose strategy was digging deeper in dry fields and prospecting the bends of creeks and rivers.

That's Life Cullen regaled young daughters with oil-field tales; they saw his first well come in.

Margaret raises Arabian horses on South Texas farm; collects ancient Middle Eastern artifacts.

Wilhelmina heads the Cullen foundation; has given tens of millions of dollars to the University of Houston's Museum of Fine Arts.

• William Alvin "Tex" Moncrief, Jr. Fort Worth • Oil and Gas • 72

Assets Moncrief Oil, with oil and gas interests in Texas, Louisiana, Florida, and Wyoming (see "The Son Also Rises").

• Robert Randall Onstead Houston • Randall's Food Markets

Assets Onstead and two partners paid $85,000 in 1966 to buy a pair of tiny Minimax stores, they then resurrected as Randall's.

Today, despite being Houston's market leader with 1991 sales of more than $1 billion, Randall's Food Markets is still hungry (and battling new competitors); Randall's is acquiring Dallas-based Cullum Companies, the parent of Tom Thumb and Simon David grocery stores.

That's Life Ennis-born and raised; father was mail carrier.

At nine, washed dishes in uncle's cafe; spent money on a cow, then a horse.

Military service interrupted North Texas State College education.

Quit IBM supply manager job in Denton to join in-laws' Houston grocery business: "They were more interested in the grandbabies than me."

Third Randall's opened in 1968, setting tone for today's upscale stores by offering lobster and fresh East Coast fish.

Now caters to customers: valet parking, gourmet foods, and special service, though Onstead (whose family owns about 64 percent of Randall's) refuses to sell beer or wine because of religious and personal convictions.

Attends Houston pro sports; enjoys snow-skiing and ranch projects.

"I like my ranch to look like my stores: clean, neat, pretty, and efficient too."

• Dennis Martin O'Connor Refugio • Inheritance (Oil and Gas)

• Mary O'Connor Braman Victoria • Inheritance (Oil and Gas) • 82

• Tom O'Connor Jr. Victoria • Inheritance (Oil and Gas)

Assets A South Texas ranching empire begun in 1836 by Irish immigrant Thomas O'Connor, the siblings' great-grandfather, and bolstered by immense oil and gas reserves struck in 1934.

Brothers still oversee ranches, oil-drilling operations, and family-owned Victoria Bankshares.

Everything else is secondary," says a friend.

• Clarence Scharbauer, Jr. Midland • Inheritance (Oil and Gas)

Assets A cattle and oil empire spanning five West Texas counties, inherited from grandfather and great-uncle who came to Texas in 1880's.

That's Life Dropped out of Texas A&M after father's death in 1942 to run Scharbauer Cattle Company.

Lifelong quarter horse fan; first Thoroughbred bought was Alysheba, a Kentucky Derby and all-time leading money winner.

Trying to enter Texas horse racing industry with state in Lone Star Jockey Club, a group seeking license for Class 1 North Texas racetrack; also plans to move Oklahoma stallion operation to multimillion-dollar Valor Farm, now under construction near Pilot Point.

Describes self as "a little bit country."

• James Richard Leininger San Antonio • Kinetic Concepts

Assets Almost 68 percent of publicly held Kinetic Concepts, a manufacturer and distributor of specialized hospital beds and rental life-support equipment.

That's Life As an emergency room doctor, was impressed by a new rotating bed that prevented injury complications; became a distributor, then formed Kinetic Concepts in 1975 to market the bed, quitting medicine in 1987: "It took eight years of struggling to get the business started.

• John J. Moores Sugar Land • BMC Software

$270 million, DOWN $140 million from 1991.

Charitable donations and stock sales slim down Moore's fortune.

Assets About 16 percent of publicly held BMC Software, founded by Moores in 1980 to market the specialized software he had designed to make IBM mainframe computers run more efficiently.

That's Life Gave $51.4 million to alma mater, U of H, in 1991.

Retired as BMC chairman in January; self-described "lousy salesman and manager—my double couldn't get a job here today."

Collects homes (two in California, one in Colorado) and cars; plans to acquire one Corvette for every year dating back to 1954.

• James Howard Marshall II Houston • Oil and Gas • 87

Koch Industries' growth increases the value of Marshall's holdings.

Assets Some 16 percent of Kansas-based oil giant Koch Industries with $19 billion in sales.

The fortune is shared with out-of-state son, E. Pierce Marshall.

That's Life Oil career includes stints on government petroleum boards and executive positions at numerous oil majors.

Baseball fan from youth; when asked about buying Astros, said, "These things are for wealthy people who can afford to play with them."

• Jack Eugene Brown Midland • Oil and Gas • 67

• Cyril Wagner Midland • Oil and Gas • 58

Huge oil and gas finds in West Texas catapulted the duo into one of the world's largest independent oil and gas producers.

In the eighties the pair took on Wall Street, making takeover runs at Gulf, Phillips Petroleum, and Unocal; their LBO forays reaped stock profits of some $100 million.

That's Life Both worked at Midland drilling firm; formed partnership in 1962 on a handshake.

"Brown is the guy who knows a good deal when he sees it.

Wagner knows how to sell it," says an associate.

• Louisa Stude Sarofim Houston • Divorce • 50's

Assets Sarofim's wealth is courtesy of Fayez Sarofim whom she divorced in 1989 after 26 years of marriage.

Her estimated $250 million divorce settlement is Texas' largest.

That's Life Privileged childhood instilled love for arts and community service.

After Smith College graduation, worked in Haiti as volunteer paramedical assistant and interpreter.

Relaxes monthly at Santa Fe home: "It's a nice place to get recomposed and balanced."

• Gerald Douglas Hines Houston • Real Estate • 67

Assets Hines Interests, a real estate development company specializing in eye-catching skyscrapers designed by famous architects.

His more than 420 projects include Houston's Galleria and Transco Tower.

That's Life Escaped real estate bust by "heeding my own warnings about the perils of overbuilding and excessive debt."

Now manages government-owned Moscow apartment project; units will have dishwashers, fax machines, laundry rooms—but are for Westerners only.

Outdoorsman; went mountain climbing during four-hour layover at Wyoming airport.

• Donald Joseph Carter Coppell • Inheritance (Home Interiors and Gifts), Dallas Mavericks

The value of the Dallas Mavericks rises.

Assets Home Interiors and Gifts, a marketer of home knickknacks founded by Carter's mother, Mary Crowley, in 1957; real estate; and the Dallas Mavericks

That's Life At 24, joined HIG after Air Force stint.

"Mary could inspire, and he's a terrific businessman," says a friend.

Bought Mavs in 1980 for $12 million, having never attended a professional basketball game; complains publicly about Mavs' disappointing record but could sell franchise for at least $70 million.

• Reese McIntosh Rowling Corpus Christi • Oil and Gas • 64

• Robert Brian Rowling Corpus Christi • Oil and Gas • 38

The $476.5 million sale of their gas reserves to Texaco in 1989 gave the father and son a valuable chunk of Texaco preferred stock.

Cash from the sale has bought hotels in Corpus Christi, Houston, and Austin and has been pumped back into oil and gas exploration.

That's Life During oil bust took advantage of cheaper drilling costs and decreased lease competition to find reserves later sold to Texaco.

Trying to revitalize Corpus tourist industry by buying hotels and downtown real estate.

"Unfortunately our society has made money the standard of success," laments Robert.

• Kenneth Stanley "Bud" Adams, Jr. Houston • Houston Oilers, Oil and Gas • 69

Assets California rice and melon farms, ranches, oil and gas, and car dealerships line up around Houston Oilers.

That's Life Works from basement-level office complete with fountain and pond and an entire wall painted with big moments of Adams' life.

Once, when favored Oilers were losing a game, a disgusted Adams left early: "I thought we'd beat the crowds, plus the limo had a TV."

• Michael Saul Dell Austin • Dell Computer Corporation

$220 million, Down $45 million from 1991.

Dell computer stock suffers from tumbling PC prices and increased competition.

Assets About 31 percent of Dell computer Corporation, an international PC manufacturer (see "Revenge of the Nerd").

• Arthur Temple, Jr. Diboll • Inheritance (Timber) • 72

The 1973 merger of family-owned lumber giant Temple Industries with Time Inc. gave the Temples a huge stake in the magazine empire.

Temple has since sold off most of his Time stock, but he still dabbles in the forest-products and financial-services industries through Temple-Inland, spun off from Time in 1983.

That's Life Fought Time merger with Warner, criticizing movie industry's penchant for violence and sex; resigned Time board seat when deal was inevitable.

Lives quietly in Diboll but keeps homes elsewhere: "I visit around."

• Henry Bartell Zachry, Jr. San Antonio • Inheritance (H. B. Zachry) • 59

$210 million, DOWN $15 million from 1991.

Since 1965, Bartell has presided over H. B. Zachry construction company, founded by his father, H. B. "Pat" Zachry, in 1924; other interests included San Antonio's Hilton Palacio del Rio, Airport Hilton, and Tower Life Insurance; oil and gas; and South Texas ranches.

That's Life Zachry Senior oversaw construction of DFW Airport runways; was powerful political backer.

Bartell is political power too, though behind the scenes.

Lives on two-thousand-acre ranch outside San Antonio.

• Harvey Roberts "Bum" Bright Dallas • Oil and Gas, Real Estate

$200 million, DOWN $70 million from 1991.

New information and dropping land values lower estimate.

Assets Forties' oil-patch profits were poured into land, trucking, banking, and Dallas Cowboys.

Eighties' bank failures left scaled-back empire of cash from Cowboys' sale, oil and gas, and real estate.

That's Life Still haunted by banking-Resolution Trust Corporation named him lead defendant in $160 million savings and loan suit.

Fears going broke: "I wake every morning wondering what I'm going to do to make money."

Assets Cashed in his third of family-run Kendavis Industries for $100 million in 1976 lawsuit against his two brothers.

The now-defunct Kendavis, an oil-service empire of nearly eighty private companies, was founded in 1929 by father, Kenneth "Stinky" Davis, Sr.

That's Life Low profile; asked A&M to remove him from alumni mailing list.

Major backer of Fort Worth's Omni Theater and Tarantula Railroad.

Refuses to discuss anything personal: "I don't want to be a curiosity."

• Dominique de Menil Houston • Inheritance (Schlumberger Ltd.)

Assets A share of the family fortune stemming from Schlumberger Ltd., a worldwide oil-services company, whose success was based on an innovative oil-prospecting device (it measured the electrical resistance of various minerals) invented by her father.

Fled Nazis; settled in Houston in 1941, changing city's art and cultural face: "here, adventure is more accepted than in France."

Built the Menil Collection museum to house her world-renowned 15,000-piece art collection.

• Harold Viterbo Goodman Houston • Air Conditioning

Assets Founded Goodman Manufacturing in 1975 to make flexible ductwork and other parts for the air conditioning industry.

In 1982 he bought the assets of a bankrupt Ohio company, including the Janitrol brand name of air conditioning and heat-pump equipment, and relocated to Houston.

Started selling window units in 1954, branching into distributorships, then contracting.

By 1960, claimed to be largest residential and apartment contractor in the U.S.

Goodman Manufacturing is one of the nations's top five residential air conditioning manufacturers.

"He's the maverick in his industry, a real aggressive pricer," says and associate.

Houston factory is not air-conditioned; company claims size makes it impossible to cool.

Assets Oil and gas in Canada, California, and the Southwest; real estate; poultry processing; and the Dallas Cowboys and Texas Stadium package, bought in 1989 for some $140 million.

Recently gave self an F minus for his sloppy firing of Tom Landry, an event that incensed fans and brought death threats.

"Just ignore it; they'll probably be loving you in a couple of years."

With Cowboys winning again, she might be right.

• George Kozmetsky Austin • Teledyne • 74

$200 million, DOWN $10 million from 1991.

Assets Stock in a variety of public companies, including Teledyne, a billion-dollar high-tech defense contractor he co-founded in 1960 with $250,000.

That's Life Led UT's business school to prominence during sixteen-year deanship; once taught entrepreneurial course on summer Baltic Sea cruises.

Subject of song by Austin disc jockey set to the Beverly Hillbillies theme, but deejay says, "I don't think George has much of a sense of humor."

Assets Whataburger hamburger chain founded by now-deceased husband Harmon.

Chain has broken new ground with larger Whataburger truck-stop cafes.

That's Life Widowed in her twenties; rescued from the life of an Arkansas secretary by Harmon, who died in a plane crash in 1967.

Fast-food experts run Whataburger; she tends flower garden.

Assets The Adam corporation, a $3 billion company that includes banks, thrifts, real estate development, and insurance.

That's Life Stints as Army captain, then corporate employee-benefits consultant, led to founding of cable TV company in 1969: "If I was going to work eighteen hours a day, I wanted to see the results."

Eyes were opened by $250 million sale of his 28-system cable company in 1988.

• Thomas Milton Benson San Antonio • New Orleans Saints, Car Dealerships

Assets San Antonio and New Orleans car dealerships ranging from Geos to Mercedes, banks, a Hill Country ranch, and New Orleans Saints.

That's Life Raised in French Quarter; 1985 Saints purchase saved team from out-of-state move, making Benson local hero.

Says a friend: "You see him going down the street in New Orleans at ninety miles per hour and the police waving at him."

• Jamie Abercrombie Robinson Houston • Inheritance (Cameron Iron Works) • 35

• George Anderson Robinson Houston • Inheritance (Cameron Iron Works)

The brothers owned about 40 percent of Cameron Iron Works, courtesy of trusts set up in 1967 by their grandfather and company founder J. S. Abercrombie.

In 1989 the Houston oil toolmaker was acquired by Cooper Industries.

That's Life Sons of Josephine Abercrombie, Houston's well-known horsebreeder and former boxing promoter.

Boys also play hard; Jamie used to collect antique combat planes; George drives race cars.

Brothers own Robinson Interests, a venture capital and investment firm.

• Richard Wesley Snyder Dallas • Air Conditioning

Assets SnyderGeneral—a worldwide commercial, institutional, and industrial heating and air conditioning manufacturer—formed in 1982, when Snyder bought the air conditioning division he was managing for the Singer Company.

That's Life Childhood home was not air-conditioned until Snyder's allergies forced parents to install window unit in his bedroom: "It can be unbearable in Indiana.

My parents sometimes came in and slept on the twin beds, and my brother and I ended up on air mattresses on the floor."

Surprised competitors this summer by halting sales of large commercial AC units containing environmentally damaging chlorofluorocarbons three years before the U.S. Clean Air Act deadline: "We urge our competitors to clean up their ow house, without waiting for the White House."

• Mayer Billy "Duke" Rudman Dallas • Oil and Gas • 82

Assets Cash from selling his oil and gas properties in 1981 to Petro-Lewis for at least $130 million and from a new supply of reserves discovered in the eighties

That's Life Drilled 29 dry holes before first strike in 1932; now evaluates some 1,100 prospects a year but invests only in the few that look best: "I do it for the thrill of it."

Anti-smoking crusader; health and exercise fanatic.

Plans to live to 120; mother died in 1989 at 101.

• Christopher Bancroft Denton • Inheritance (Dow Jones and Company)

Assets Dow Jones and Company stock inheritance from great-grandfather Clarence Barron, the creator of Barron's, who bought Dow Jones and Company (a minority owner of Texas Monthly) 1902.

That's Life Low profile; asks friends not to discuss his wealth: "I was taught that people who flaunt their money are really insecure."

Dabbles in real estate and restaurants; remarried last year.

• Marjorie Simmons Gray Houston • Inheritance (Oil and Gas) • Mid-70's

• Gay Alspaugh Roane Houston • Inheritance (Oil and Gas) • Mid-40's

In 1983, Marjorie and daughter Gay cashed in stake in Koch Industries left them by Marjorie's father, Oklahoma oilman L. B. Simmons.

That's Life Marjorie does yoga; keeps home in Garden of the Gods section of Colorado Springs.

Tired of numerous shopping stops to buy kids' clothes, Gay started her own chain; now into banking, hotels, and restaurants.

Fiercely guard privacy; live within blocks of one another.

• Charles Edwin Hurwitz Houston • Financier

$160 million, DOWN $90 million from 1991

Assets Federated Development, which controls Maxxam, Inc., a public company that operates the forest-products, aluminum, and real estate businesses, Hurwitz acquired during the eighties' LBO frenzy.

That's Life Angered environmentalists by doubling harvest of old-growth California redwoods after buying Pacific Lumber in 1985.

Company is being sued by Maxxam investor Harold Simmons for financial mismanagement.

After months of kicking bankrupt Continental Airlines' tires, now leads investor group to purchase controlling interest for $350 million.

• Billy Joe "Red" McCombs San Antonio • San Antonio Spurs, Car Dealerships • 64

Assets An automotive empire of some thirty car dealerships, begun in 1953; ranchland; various real estate interests; and the San Antonio Spurs.

That's Life Big force in getting San Antonio's Alamodome built but was shut out last spring when National Football League owners nixed his attempt to bring expansion team to San Antonio.

Hopes to take equity out of Spurs by selling majority interest, but only if "someone wants to leave us in management operations."

(See "Business • Red McCombs" [September 1999], and "Texas Monthly Talks: Red McCombs".)

• Pauline Gill Sullivan Dallas • Divorce • 70's

Assets Sullivan's 1975 divorce from former governor Bill Clements gave her half of his interest in Sedco, an oil-drilling firm he co-founded during their 35-year marriage

Her estimated $15 million settlement grew to more than $100 million when Schlumberger bought Sedco in 1984.

That's Life Met Clements while Phi Beta Phi English major at UT.

"She's shy and quiet," says an associate.

Bankrolls a Dallas Museum of Art acquisitions fund.

Assets Another son of H. L. Hunt, Lamar prefers the playing field to the oil field, hitting gushers with Chiefs, 11 percent of Chicago Bulls, and two Kansas City amusement parks.

That's Life Member of Hunt's first family; mostly sidestepped brothers' silver disaster.

Sports enthusiast from childhood; at 27, rejected father's business advice and helped found American Football League.

"Lamar is parsimonious but not cheap," says an associate.

• Mary Kay Ash Dallas • Mary Kay Cosmetics

• Richard Raymond Rogers Dallas • Mary Kay Cosmetics

Assets Mary Kay Cosmetics, launched by Ash in 1963 with $5,000 and now the world's largest direct seller of skin-care products

That's Life Mary Kay changed color scheme of America's roads by awarding $60 million in pink cars to top salespeople.

Paints for fun; favorite subject is a little girl: "I can't do the front, so I have the girls going backwards."

Richard is company chairman; cohosts Mark Kay Cosmetics' annual awards show with mother.

(See "Salesman of the Century" [December 1999].)

• Henry Constable Beck, Jr. Dallas • Inheritance (HCB Contractors) • 74

Assets HCB, a construction company passed down from Beck's father, who founded it in Houston in 1912.

That's Life HCB built Cotton Bowl and State Fair of Texas buildings; hard times have pushed it into no-profile projects like golf parks, but company still builds office buildings.

Beck entertains associates with goose hunts on Maryland estate.

• Gordon Arbuthnot Cain Houston • Chemicals • 80

Assets Rewards reaped from LBOs of chemical companies in the late eighties, including $100 million netted on Cain Chemical sale to Occidental Petroleum in 1987.

That's Life Bounced between entrepreneurial attempts and corporrate chemical world for thirty years before first LBO at age 68: "Any personnel man would say I was not stable."

Recently bought two struggling airlines, hoping to repeat chemical company successes.

• Oveta Culp Hobby Houston • Broadcasting • 87

• William Pettus Hobby, Jr. Houston • Broadcasting • 60

$450 million, DOWN $75 million from 1991.

The Hobby's H&C Communications is one of the nation's oldest media empires, with five major-market TV stations and one radio station.

The family sold the Houston Post, H&C's flagship, in 1983 for $130 million.

Oveta's out-of-state daughter, Jessica Hobby Catto, shares in the fortune.

That's Life At 26, Oveta wed 53-year-old William Hobby, Sr., then the Post's president; she became chairman in 1965, soon after Will's death.

President Bush recently refused a retroactive promotion to brigadier general to honor Oveta's World War II efforts as first director of Women's Army Corps.

Bill, Oveta's son, worked as Post police reporter; covered story on man who blew self up in schoolyard: "He wasn't there, except in tiny pieces."

Stepped down as lieutenant governor in 1991 after eighteen-year stint.

H&C Communications has announced an agreement in principle to sell its TV stations to Young Broadcasting of New York.

(See "Public Service • Bill Hobby" [September 1997].)

• Belton Kleberg "B" Johnson San Antonio

$150 million, DOWN $50 million from 1991.

Depreciating hotel values and new information lower estimate.

Assets San Antonio's Fairmount and Hyatt hotels, the 65,000-acre Chaparrosa ranch, and other investments.

That's Life Great-grandson of King Ranch founder Richard King.

Left fold in 1976 after being denied ranch boss position, cashing in his 12 percent of King Ranch for $70 million.

Only son's death last summer left no one to run the immense Chaparrosa operations (two daughters are not interested).

Contract now pending on Chaparrosa; Johnson plans to buy smaller ranch after sale: "It would be kind of silly not to have something other than your back yard."

• Dolph Briscoe, Jr. Uvalde • Inheritance (Ranching)

Assets Ranching and cattle operations on more than 400,000 acres of South Texas ranchland, including some 190,000 acres inherited from father in 1954, together with banking and oil interests

That's Life Survived many ranching boom-and-bust cycles; recalls rancher father losing all his cattle and land in the thirties: "They were hard times.

Spent high school summers working cattle on father's ranch in Mexico.

Refused to leave Mexico to begin freshman year at UT; father "came and got me, had already registered me, and dumped me at the dormitory with the instructions that I was going to stay."

• James Aubrey Cardwell El Paso • Truck Stops • 60

In 1954 gas station attendant Cardwell jump-started his career using a $2,500 loan from his employer to buy him out; by mid-sixties, he owned three truck stops; in 1975 he founded Petro Stopping Centers, today a nationwide chain of truck stops.

That's Life Born in Poplar Bluff, Missouri.

Raised by schoolteacher mother; worked on grandparents' farm.

Two-year stint at Poplar Bluff business school; lured to El Paso by Army officer's candidate school.

Pioneered huge self-service truck stops with more amenities than many fine hotels: table phones, showers, movie theaters, and a menu complete with soap opera saga.

"They are the Hilton, the Cadillac, the benchmark of the industry." says an analyst.

Snow-skiing fan, only after son's urging: "I said, 'I don't want to pay money to get cold.' "

• Floyd Alvin Cailloux Kerrville • Industrial Manufacturing

$130 million, DOWN $10 million from 1991.

Keystone International stock is slumping.

Assets The patience to hold Keystone stock, which has split some fourteen times since Cailloux acquired it in 1968 on merging his SEMCO, a maker of conveying systems, with Keystone International, an industrial machinery conglomerate.

That's Life Retired as Keystone chairman in 1978.

Member of Shriners' Royal Order of Jesters.

"He's a millionaire you'd think didn't have a dime," says a colleague.

• William Stamps Farish III Houston • Inheritance (Oil and Gas) • 53

Assets A piece of Humble pie-Humble Oil and Refining, that is, co-founded by his grandfather and sold to Standard Oil of New Jersey (now Exxon) in the fifties.

That's Life Father died in Army Air Corps show when Farish was four.

George Bush hunts quail with Farish on his 10,000-acre Beeville ranch; entertains Queen Elizabeth II on 3,000-acre Kentucky Thoroughbred horse farm.

Didn't graduate from college: "I wish I had, but it hasn't made any difference."

• Nancy Blackburn Hamon Dallas • Inheritance (Oil and Gas) • 72

Assets "I didn't know anything about oil but a good salad dressing," says Hamon of the oil and gas reserves inherited in 1985 from husband Jake, a six-decade independent oil and gas producer.

That's Life Danced in Hollywood movies in the forties; in 1949 married Jake, seventeen years her senior.

Took one hundred friends on Sea Goddess cruise.

Jake gave Dallas Zoo first gorilla; Nancy now funds gorilla habitat and research: "Jake just like gorillas."

• Sybil Buckingham Harrington Amarillo • Inheritance (Oil and Gas) • 70's

Assets Interest in hundreds of oil and gas wells from Panhandle to Kansas' Hugoton fields inherited from husband, Don Harrington, an independent who died in 1974.

That's Life Home displays photo reproductions of Impressionist collection Harrington gave to the Phoenix Art Museum.

The Amarillo-Panhandle Humane Society once created the Tutu Harrington Fund, named after her poodle.

Annually bankrolls a New York Metropolitan Opera production.

• Thomas O. Hicks Dallas • Financier • 46

Assets Hicks is the principal partner of Hicks, Muse, and Company, an investment firm specializing in LBOs.

In the past two years, Hicks Muse acquired seven companies valued at more than $1.8 billion.

The firm's 1991 investment of $30 million for 80 percent of Morningstar Group, an ailing dairy, sweetened to a 56 percent stake worth some $85 million when the company went public this spring.

That's Life Raised in Port Arthur; played tight end on high school football team.

Undergrad finance and marketing degree from UT; MBA from University of Southern California.

Worked for Morgan Guaranty Trust in New York before heading venture capital arm of First National Bank of Dallas.

Co-founded Hicks and Haas (famous for 1986 Dr Pepper-7 Up buyout) with Robert B. Haas in 1983; the firm was one of the eighties' leading LBO companies, completing transactions valued at more than $5 billion.

Split with Haas in 1989: "I wanted to captain my own ship."

Skis Aspen, Colorado, annually with sons.

• Jubal Richard Parten Madisonville • Oil and Gas

Assets Oil and gas properties throughout the United States collected in more than three decades as an independent.

That's Life In 1960, at 64, sold Woodley Petroleum, a drilling company founded in 1919 with his in-laws, and took the cash, leaping back into the oil patch: "I'm just a solid, hard-workin' oilman."

Former chairman of UT Board of Regents; used to give Bevos to UT.

"No, he goes and looks at his oil wells and his cattle ranches," says a friend.

Appeared on 48 hours segment on a day in the life of a small Texas town.

• Lonnie Alfred "Bo" Pilgrim Pittsburg • Chicken

$130 million, DOWN $10 million from 1991.

Assets Almost 80 percent of publicly held Pilgrim's Pride, a $790 million chicken producer grown from a feedstore Bo co-founded in 1945 with brother Aubrey (now diseased).

That's Life At eleven, was pushed into working as a farmhand when father died.

Still works twelve-hour days; gives motivational speeches.

Locals dubbed new multimillion-dollar mansion outside Pittsburg "Cluckingham Palace."

The 20,000-square-foot eighteenth-century French Renaissance-style house and gardens occupy 25 acres of a 52-acre site: "If I'm not working in the office, I'm working in the yard."

• Nelda Childers Stark Orange • Inheritance (oil and timber)

A hefty portfolio, real estate, oil and gas, and Orange Savings and Loan have kept Stark busy since her husband, H. J. "Lutcher" Stark, died in 1965, splitting his timber and oil empire between her and a foundation.

That's Life Worked as administrator at Orange's Stark-endowed hospital; married Stark in 1944 after his second wife, Nelda's sister Ruby, died.

Put bodyguards on payroll years ago after experiencing botched kidnapping attempt; tends fortune from fortresslike building.

• Oscar Sherman Wyatt, Jr. Houston • Coastal Corporation • 68

Assets Stock in $9 billion Coastal Corporation, a gas-pipeline company founded by Wyatt with $800 in 1955, when he realized no pipeline system existed to collect or transport the excess gas burned off by oil producers

That's Life Raised poor in Beaumont; put self through A&M working on rice farms.

Divides time between South Texas and Colorado ranches and Riviera mansion, where jet-setting fourth wife, the former Lynn Sakowitz, hosts lavish parties for royalty and rock stars.

Ideal vacation is "no phone calls in the mountains."

• Lester Arnold Levy Dallas • NCH Corporation • 69

• Milton Philip Levy Dallas • NCH Corporation

$380 million, DOWN $40 million from 1991.

Assets Family-owned NCH Corporation, an international firm that sells solvents, welding supplies, and plumbing parts.

That's Life While schoolboys, brothers were thrust into running NCH when Milton Senior, NCH founder, died of heart attack in 1946.

Lester founded Dallas' Winston School for learning-disabled children, Milton backs Dallas' Special Care School for mentally impaired children, and Irvin chairs Dallas Museum of Art board.

• Electra Waggoner Biggs Vernon • Inheritance (ranching, oil and gas) • 79

• Albert Buckman "Bucky" Wharton III Vernon • Inheritance (ranching, oil and gas) • 44

Assets A 535,000-acre ranching, farming, and oil kingdom inherited from Electra's grandfather, W. T. "Pappy" Waggoner (see "Money Becomes Electra".

• Dan J. Harrison III Houston • Inheritance (oil and gas) • 40's

• Bruce Finch Harrison Houston • Inheritance (oil and gas) • 40's

The brothers' grandfather Dan J. Harrison began his oil career in 1903, eventually founding an oil, gas, and ranching empire that stretched across the state.

In 1990 the boys cashed in part of their inheritance by selling one of the family's gems, the 43,000-acre oil-rich West Texas ranch located between Rocksprings and Sonora, to Meridian Oil for an estimated $70 million.

The brothers oversee their oil and gas properties and ranches through Harrison Interests.

That's Life Grandfather Dan played football for UT in early 1900's; UT Regent from 1940 to 1944.

Former county and district attorney in Liberty County.

Joint operator with J. S. Abercrombie in Brazoria County's Old Ocean Field; also held interests in the Batson oil field.

Boys' father, Dan Junior, died in the eighties.

Dan III attended Trinity University but didn't graduate.

Bruce had a three-year stint at Southwestern.

"They hang out with the Basses and those of that ilk," says an associate.

• Mary Ralph Lowe Houston • Inheritance (oil and gas) • 45

Assets Mary Ralph's father, Missouri-born Ralph Lowe, arrived in Wink at age 25 but quickly ditched his machinist job to chase wells.

He found oil in the Deep Rock Ellenburger Field, the Permian Basin, and New Mexico.

Mary Ralph now runs her inherited oil and gas interests through Maralo, Inc., and also oversees numerous ranches.

That's Life Midland-born; Ralph's only heir, was taught business from childhood, never played with dolls, looked at oil maps and studied geology with father until wee hours.

Lessons didn't start too soon; Ralph died when Mary Ralph was Texas Christian University student.

Also inherited father's flamboyant streak.

He trucked white sand from Oklahoma to build Mary Ralph a beach around their Davis Mountain ranch swimming pool—Mary Ralph delivered 492 chickens to a food bank in her Jaguar.

A scorecard is needed to follow Wyly's dealmaking; he specializes in co-founding companies (at least six since 1963), merging them with others, then selling out.

Through family partnerships he now holds large stock positions in Michaels stores and Sterling Software, founded by Wyly in 1981.

That's Life Louisiana-raised; father was small-town newspaper publisher.

Displays bronze bulldog in Dallas office as fond reminder of Louisiana Tech days.

At 28, founded University Computing at SMU with one mainframe.

Wyly got free rent, electricity, and cheap student labor; SMU got to use computer.

Pursuit of other ventures nearly bankrupted company and led to his departure in 1979.

In 1980, forced bidding war for Earth Resources, an oil and mining company he and brother Charles helped found; investors doubled money in five months.

Sold family-owned Bonanza restaurants franchise to Metromedia for $78 million in 1989.

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Abercrombie was married and divorced five times and has two sons.
 In 1950 she married Argentinian architect Fernando H. Segura (1916-2013).


Both he and David Bowie, who was three years older, were pupils at Bromley Technical School (where his father Owen Frampton was Bowie's art instructor).

(meta data) TITLE: Teaching David Bowie | Design Week

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During his time as head of Bromley Technical High School art department in the 1960s, Owen Frampton not only taught design luminaries such as Brian Grimwood and Aziz Cami, but also music legend David Bowie.

Here, we publish an extract from the draft copy of Owen Frampton's book Our Way: the Autobiography of a Teacher of Art & Design (The Frampton Papers), written in the mid 1970s, in which he reminisces about teaching Bowie and Grimwood.

It was hoped Grimwood would be designing the book cover, but the book is yet to be published.

With all good wines there are some years when the vintage surpasses itself.

An event to be appreciated and remembered by the connoisseur.

It might seem a trifle ludicrous to use such an analogy when referring to schoolboys, but I am sure every teacher reminisces from time to time about particular years when either one, or a group of pupils, make them memorable.

Whatever the necessary ingredients are to produce vintage school years, they must have been mixed in exactly the right proportions during the period of 1960-66.

Of course there will always be little snippets of surprise news which can enhance the story.

Like the occasion recently when, idly glancing through a copy of the Kodak Professional News, I noticed a photograph of a familiar face.

I read the very complimentary article relating to the success of Colin Peacock as a professional photographer.

Then of course, there was David Jones and his friend George Underwood.

He was completely misunderstood by most of my teaching colleagues, but in those days, cults were unfashionable and David, by the age of 14, was already a cult figure.

At this period in my teaching career, I was thoroughly used to very individualistic pupils and was rarely surprised by anything that occurred.

Even when David varied the colour of his hair or cropped it short, or plucked his eyebrows, I accepted his actions as a means of projecting his personality, and of that he had plenty!

I did however experience a sense of relief when I obtained employment for both him and George Underwood in advertising studios and at the time I thought that probably it would be the last I would hear of either of them.

Only recently I picked up a copy of HG Wells' War of the Worlds, the cover design of which had been designed by him.

I enjoyed the subtlety of the design which in all probability would not be obvious to most readers of the book.

It was a painting of a street along which huge mechanical monsters were moving, the street is part of Bromley Market in which HG Wells once lived.

I am also aware of his designs for a couple of album sleeves and the jacket of a book written about his friend David.

You see, David Jones who was, became David Bowie who is!

It is not too difficult for me to keep in touch with this ex-pupil's exploits.

Recently when I was sorting out some portfolios of past pupils' work, I came across one piece in particular which demonstrated that even at 15 years of age Brian Grimwood was producing work of a very distinctive style.

I remember him as friendly person, always bright and effervescent.

He was not what one would call an academic student, and it was obvious that the trials and tribulations of further education would not suit him at all.

However, having settled him into an advertising studio as a trainee artist, I hoped he would find his niche.

From time to time I heard news of him and twice during the next ten years we did actually meet at gathering of friends.

He was just the same as I remembered him, always bubbling over with enthusiasm.

He was still moving form one job to another, but always insisting that one day it was all going to happen for him.

The 'happening' has been only too obvious to me during the past couple of years.

It seemed that every newspaper, magazine or even obscure periodical I picked up, contained one or more of Brian's illustrations.

Radio Times cover from 1983, illustrated by Brian Grimwood

His style of presentation is so unique as to be instantly recognisable and quoting from a recently published profile on him and his work in Graphics World:

'While Brian himself is happy to admit that the has never had to struggle hard to reach his present position as the best-known illustrator in Britain, his determination to get that level of success led him to thinking harder than most just what the job of illustrating requires and which were the attributes he could best develop to take him there faster.'

I doubt the veracity of his remark that Brian has never had to struggle hard.

I am aware of how hard he has worked, but admittedly , his usual cheery nature would not permit him to worry for long.

In spite of his success as an illustrator of international repute, he is just as exuberant as every and seems quite overwhelmed by all the fuss that is being made of him.

An exhibition of Brian Grimwood's work is being held at Work Gallery, 10a Acton Street, London WC1, from 14 September-3 November (read our preview here).

David Bowie will be subject of an exhibition at the Victoria & Albert Museum in London next year.

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#### Unite & Type shop brings together letterpress and ceramics

I think Owen may also have taught Hanif Kureishi, the author.

I was a student of Owen Framton, he was a fantastic teacher who I will always remember ver inspirational

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This year's results follows a downward trend in popularity for creative subjects both at schools and universities.

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The latest announcements also include a "multi-sensory" exhibition inspired by the sea at Oxo Tower Wharf.

## How to become an: augmented and virtual reality developer

As part of our series looking at jobs in design studios, we speak to Pip Fazakerly, developer at virtual reality and 3D design firm Framework Creative, about animating virtual spines,

## Design Can lifts lid on representation crisis

A new campaign and online resources toolkit looks to overhaul the UK's "homogenous" design industry

By the age of 12, Frampton played in a band called The Little Ravens.


He had originally lied to his girlfriend and church officials that his parents were killed in a car accident, and later said that he discovered their bodies and drove off.

(meta data) TITLE: New Mexico teen accused of killing family wanted to kill more, police say - U.S. News

# New Mexico teen accused of killing family wanted to kill more, police say

A 15-year-old New Mexico boy accused of fatally shooting his parents and three of his siblings told his girlfriend they had died in a car crash, according to a probable cause document released Monday to KOB News 4.

Police said the boy, Nehemiah Griego, later admitted during questioning that he shot his mother, brother and two sisters – who were 9 and younger – then waited to shoot his father, a popular Albuquerque chaplain who was not home at the time, according to the court document.

Nehemiah agreed to speak with police without an adult or lawyer present, according to the court document.

Police have not confirmed whether the teen, who was booked in juvenile jail, has been assigned a public defender.

Nehemiah was charged Sunday morning with five counts of murder and three counts of child abuse leading to death.

Under New Mexico state law, 15-year-olds charged with first-degree murder are tried in adult criminal court.

What Nehemiah allegedly told police is laid out in the probable cause statement for his arrest that was filed in Bernalillo County Children's Court Division on Sunday.

Police were called to the Griego residence in a rural Albuquerque neighborhood on Saturday after receiving a call from a parishioner at Cavalry Church, a local Christian parish where Nehemiah's father, Greg Griego, had once served as a pastor.

Nehemiah had been at the church and had told his girlfriend that his family had been killed in a car accident.

He said that girlfriend's grandmother started asking questions and that he was later called to his pastor's office.

Church officials, suspicious of the story, called police.

Nehemiah initially told police that he had returned home from a friend's house at 5:30 a.m. on Saturday to find the door to his house locked, according to the document.

He told police that he found his father's "carcass" on the ground floor.

After finding his mother and brother's body on his parent's bed, he then took a set of car keys from his mother's purse and drove the family van to the church, the document said.

Arriving at the home, police found five bodies – later identified as those of Greg Griego, 51, Sarah Griego, 40, and three of their 10 children Zephania, 9, Jael, 5, and Angelina, 2.

The other children were not home, according to the Albuquerque Journal.

'Horrific' scene after teen allegedly shoots parents, siblings

Griego then changed his story, according to the document, after police asked him why he had driven to the church with two rifles in the van, and why he had not called 911.

He said that he did not call 911 because he panicked.

Nehemiah told them that he had been having suicidal and homicidal thoughts.

He said he shot his mother with a .22 rifle around midnight as she slept.

He said his 9-year-old brother woke up after the gunfire and that he told him he had just shot their mother.

"Nehemiah stated his brother did not believe him so Nehemiah picked up his mother's head to show his brother her bloody face," the statement said.

"Nehemiah stated his brother became upset so he shot his brother in the head with the same rifle he used to shoot his mother."

He then went into the bedroom his two younger sisters share and found them crying.

He told police that he shot both of them in the head.

Then he said that he went downstairs and waited for his father to return.

His father returned at 5 a.m. that morning.

Nehemiah told police he shot his father multiple times with an AR-15 semi-automatic rifle with a scope, according to the document, then said he reloaded the weapons with the intention of driving to an area where he could shoot more people.

He told police that he wanted to die exchanging fire with law enforcement.

Nehemiah told police that he had taken both of the guns from his parents' closet, and that he had taken a photo of his dead mother and sent it to his girlfriend.

Whether Nehemiah's statement to police can be presented at trial is unclear.

Although police say that he was read his Miranda rights, state law demands that prosecutors must prove that the confession was offered only after a "knowing, intelligent and voluntary waiver of the child's constitutional rights was obtained."

The court takes into account the time of day and treatment of the child at the time of questioning, the child's mental and physical condition and whether the child had an attorney, friends or relatives present.

Police and neighbors in Albuquerque were still trying to make sense of what had happened on Monday.

"I've never seen anything quite like this," Bernalillo County Sheriff Dan Houston said at a news conference on Sunday, the Albuquerque Journal reported.

Greg and Sarah Griego were remembered by friends and neighbors as a caring pastor and housewife.

"Chaplain Griego was a dedicated professional that passionately served his fellow man and the firefighters of this community," said a statement released by the Albuquerque Fire Department.

"His calming spirit and gentle nature will be greatly missed.

Our thoughts and prayers go out to Greg's extended family."

Neighbor Peter Gomez told the Albuquerque Journal that he did not know Nehemiah Griego well but that the accused teen "wore nothing but camouflage stuff."

Few other details about the alleged shooter were clear two days after the killing of his family members.

On Monday, a spokesman for the Children, Youth, and Families Department in New Mexico said that Griego has "no history with the juvenile justice system," according to the AP.

"Our family is grieving this terrible tragedy," relatives of the Griego family said in a statement.

"We appreciate the prayers and support we have received and request that the media honor our family's privacy during this difficult time."

Griego is expected to make his first appearance in court on Tuesday, according to the AP.

NBC staff writer Isolde Raftery contributed to this report.

According to police, Nehemiah Griego first killed his mother with a .22 rifle at around midnight. His brother Zephaniah woke up and Nehemiah told him he had shot their mother, but his brother initially did not believe him until Nehemiah showed him her bloodstained face. He stated to police his brother became upset, and then Nehemiah proceeded to shoot him with the same rifle. He then went into the bedroom his two younger sisters shared and found them crying, and shot them both in the head. He then proceeded downstairs and waited for his father to return home, which he did at around 5:00 a.m., upon which his son shot him multiple times with an AR-15-type semi-automatic rifle with a scope.
 In that statement he gave to police, Nehemiah said that he had been having suicidal and homicidal thoughts, that he had obtained the guns from his parents' closet, that he had mailed a photo of his dead mother to his girlfriend, and that he had intended to drive off and use the guns to kill more individuals and ideally die in a gun battle with police. Under the laws of New Mexico, those of his age charged with first-degree murder are tried as adults, though minors can no longer be given the death penalty or an automatic life-without-parole sentence.


The SAS student body is made up of over 60 nationalities, with over half of the students being United States citizens.

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Interim Semester offers eco-adventures and service opportunities as students travel to Nepal, Japan, and more.

Experienced counselors highly regarded in the university admissions community help students navigate applications.

CenterElementary SchoolMiddle SchoolHigh SchoolSummer SemesterService LearningArts, Athletics, Activities

SAS eagles soar in all they do, on and off the field.

It's not about winning, it's about winning the right way.

Over 90 after-school activities teach students about leadership, teamwork, and the sheer joy of competition.

Elementary ArtsElementary AthleticsElementary ActivitiesMiddle School ArtsMiddle School AthleticsMiddle School ActivitiesHigh School ArtsHigh School AthleticsHigh School ActivitiesStudent Life

The center encourages students to personalize their learning, pursue interests and embrace new ways of thinking.

For 60 years, every SAS student has donned the same school colors – a testimony to the ever-present Eagle spirit.

# Celebrating diversity at the International Fair

The biggest event of the year, the SAS PTA International Fair celebrates a diverse community with food, fun, and games.

As more than 8,000 eagles soar all across the globe, shared memories make them forever a part of the SAS Eagle family.

Prospective students and their parents are invited to take our campus tour led by a current students

See our unique and state of the art facilities at our beautiful campus in Singapore.

A 60 year-old legacy of paying it forward makes it possible for the school of the future to be present here and now.

The SAS PTA helps raise money for community building activities to enrich the educational experiences of students.

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Finance at SAS is intended to promote understanding and support of school policies within our large, diverse parent community.

The articles, published every few weeks in eNews, address a range of finance-related topics, such as the school's annual budget, financial reserves, and student demographics.

"Big picture" topics are also considered, such as developments in Singapore's international school market and differences between nonprofit and for-profit schools.

All Finance at SAS articles are archived here for the convenience of the SAS community.

Finance at SAS was started in 2011 by William Scarborough, chief financial officer from 2008 to 2017, who saw a need for better communication about these matters within the SAS community.

Each year's articles are numbered sequentially, from the 100 series in 2011–12 up to the 600 series in 2016–17.

In total, Finance at SAS includes nearly one hundred articles as of June 2017.

Chief Operations Officer Matthew Rogers will continue with the 700 series in 2017–18, and welcomes comments, questions, and suggestions for future articles at mrogers@sas.edu.sg.

School Finance 704: Student Demographics Part Two

School Finance 703: Student Demographics Part One

SAS parents are often amazed at the diversity of their children's classmates.

This year, our community includes students from over 60 different nations.

In part one of our annual student demographics article, we explore the 2017–18 particulars of our always-evolving SAS community.

School Finance 702: Back to School Updates

As we finish our fifth week of the 2017–18 school year, we are pleased to present an update about enrollment numbers, new staff, and summer facilities projects.

School Finance 701: The Finance at SAS Article Series

School Finance 616: 2017 Summer Comings and Goings

Finance 615: 2017 Summer Projects at SAS

The start of the summer holidays means the start of the busiest time of year for our facilities team.

Over the sixty-one work days (including Sundays) of the 2017 summer break, eighty-one different projects will be completed across the divisions.

School Finance 614: SAS Mythbusters 4–Goalposts, Drinking Water, and More

Our three previous SAS Mythbusters articles were of interest to many readers,

This week, we answer questions about goalpost safety, campus drinking water, morning traffic, accident insurance, and school board remuneration.

School Finance 613: How Students Benefit from Philanthropy and Fundraising

We are deeply grateful to all who support the school through donations of money, time, expertise, and enthusiasm.

Without this support, many of the special opportunities our students enjoy would not be possible.

School Finance 612: SAS Field Trips And Travel

Unlike most of Singapore's international schools, SAS includes all required school trips—except for Interim Semester—within our tuition fees.

School Finance 611: SAS Financial Reserves: Ensuring Our Stability

For many years, SAS has maintained financial reserves with the goal of ensuring our long-term stability and continued success.

In the last year, the school board has reviewed how we organize, allocate, and invest these savings, and has combined them into a single pool called the endowment.

School Finance 610: Re-enrollment for 2017-18

For parents, re-enrollment represents a renewal of your commitment to SAS for the following year, and completing the process guarantees your children seats at the school.

We have several priorities in deciding how to allocate the school's money.

On the one hand, we strive to provide an excellent education that develops in every student the skills, knowledge, and character needed to thrive in the 21st century.

School Finance 608: SAS Teacher Demographics 2016-17

SAS has a total of 375 full-time equivalent teachers this year, not including instructional assistants and administrators.

Their average age is around 45 years, similar to what it has been for the last eight years.

School Finance 607: SAS and Singapore's International School Scene

In the last two decades, educational options for foreign students in Singapore have expanded significantly.

SAS, one of Singapore's original international schools and still one of few non-profit private schools here, continues to be among the most respected institutions for expatriate students.

However, the changing educational landscape has implications for us.

School Finance 606: SAS Mythbusters 3–Immersion and More

As our two previous SAS Mythbusters articles provoked many positive responses, we are pleased to consider another batch of SAS "myths" and explain the facts surrounding them.

School Finance 605: Student Demographics Part 2

Several weeks ago, we shared demographic information about where SAS students come from (read Finance 603 here).

We now move on to information about why SAS families are in Singapore, how long students stay at SAS, and where our families live.

School Finance 604: Keeping Students Safe: School Security at SAS

Families new to SAS are sometimes surprised by our security precautions.

We strive to maintain a friendly, welcoming atmosphere at SAS by keeping our security measures as unobtrusive as possible.

School Finance 603: Student Demographics, Part I

For most SAS parents, the diversity of our student population is one of the best things about an SAS education.

This year's SAS community includes students from 62 countries, all learning with and from each other.

School Finance 602: Back to School Updates

As we come to the end of our fourth week of school, we hope that all students are well on their way to making new friends, settling into routines, and becoming comfortable in classes, divisions, and activities.

School Finance 601: Finance@SAS and the Nonprofit Tradition

Welcome back from summer break, and to our new families, welcome to SAS! Finance@SAS is the school's finance column, written with the goal of enhancing our community's understanding of the financial, operations, and investment decisions made by the school administration.

School Finance 521: 2016 Summer Comings and Goings

As we reach the end of another year, we thank you for reading our school finance articles.

We hope that giving our large, diverse community regular updates about the school's financial decisions helps to promote parents' understanding and support of school policies.

School Finance 520: Bus and Food Services Changes for 2016-17

We are pleased to announce updated contracts with Hoe Brothers Catering and Yeap Transport for next year, ensuring continued high standards of service for SAS diners and bus riders.

School Finance 519: Summer Projects at SAS

During the 57 days (including Sundays) of the 2016 summer vacation, 99 different projects will be tackled, involving an average of 80 contractors and 15 construction vehicles daily.

School Finance 517: Calling For All SAS Myths!

Our finance articles cover a variety of topics, from school demographics to the financial effects of haze, but we know there are topics our readers would find interesting that we haven't even considered.

This week, we are pleased to share with you the myths that parents wrote to us about, as well as myths we have overheard or seen on social media.

We have selected those that would be most interesting to current SAS families; please look out for a future Mythbusters series that will address rumors commonly traded by families less familiar with our school.

School Finance 516: Singapore American School's Evolving Libraries

For SAS students, one of the most exciting, interesting, and fun places to be in is the library.

In recent years, the three SAS libraries have evolved to meet the challenges of the information age.

School Finance 515: Parent Volunteers, Making the Difference

Many SAS parents make vital contributions to Singapore American School by volunteering their time and skills in classrooms and activities.

School Finance 514: Re-enrollment for 2016-17

For most independent schools, a clear and efficient re-enrollment process is crucial to financial stability, staff recruitment, and program consistency.

School Finance 513: Community Outreach and Environmental Initiatives at SAS

For the final article in our "SAS and the Community" series, we focus on how the school's commitments to service learning and environmental responsibility affect the broader community.

With the 2016-17 budget now available, we would like to give it some perspective by explaining our priorities in managing the funds entrusted to us by our students' parents.

Singapore American School is a member-supported school, and all parents are members.

School Finance 511: Our Impact on Singapore

This week, we are pleased to present information about Singapore American School's economic impact on Singapore as a whole.

School Finance 510: Faculty Demographics

Singapore American School has a beautiful green campus, state-of-the-art facilities, and widespread access to media and technology.

But our most important asset has always been our teachers.

School Finance 509: SAS and the Woodlands Community

This report profiles the school's community involvement during calendar year 2014.

We hope it will help SAS students, parents, and staff to better understand SAS's impact on the world outside its gates, and will promote good relations with local and national policymakers, business groups, and other interested parties.

After a hiatus of several years, SAS resumed its summer school program with two (2), two-week sessions in June.

School Finance 507: The Financial Effects of Haze

Indoor recess, closed cafeteria windows, and guards wearing face masks: these are all obvious indications that life changes when the haze descends.

Thankfully, the air seems to be clearing; but as Singapore has dealt with the region's worst haze episode since the late 1990s, we at SAS have also had to alter activities and re-organize events in order to keep students and staff safe and comfortable.

Eighty percent of Singapore American School students arrive at school each morning riding on one of Yeap Transport's buses.

With 3,154 student riders, 129 buses, and 253 regularly scheduled daily trips this year, the bus company must balance operating efficiency with the safety and comfort mandated by our contract.

School Finance 505: Student Demographics Part 2

Most SAS students are living in Singapore because a parent's job brought them here.

This year, 65 percent of our students have parents working in one of five sectors: finance (24 percent), manufacturing (17 percent), information, communication and technology (10 percent), oil, gas, and energy (7 percent), and consumer goods (7 percent).

School Finance 504: Student Demographics, Part 1

At Singapore American School, children from different backgrounds learn and socialize together, and their diversity is part of what makes the school special.

This year's SAS community includes students from 49 countries, all seeking "an exemplary American educational experience with an international perspective."

Every February, SAS high school students spend one week learning about the world and themselves through experiences beyond the classroom.

Interim Semester is one of the year's highlights for our ninth through twelfth graders.

With course selection just around the corner, this week we explain the history, philosophy, and financial implications of Interim Semester.

School Finance 502: Back to School Updates

Stepping onto the SAS campus in August is exciting for students, parents, and staff alike.

Old-timers wonder what campus changes they will see, and which friends and teachers have returned.

New families find their way around, make friends, and settle into routines.

Now that we are well into the first semester, we would like to update you on the community and campus.

School Finance 501: Celebrating SAS, a Rare Non-Profit School in Singapore

Welcome back from summer break, and a special welcome to those families new to SAS!

For the past four years, the school leadership has published a finance column in the SAS eNews with the goal of maintaining open communication about the financial, operations, and investment decisions made by the school administration.

School Finance 416 - 2015 Summer Comings and Goings

At this time of year, it always feels like far too many friends and classmates are leaving.

According to the admissions office, 705 students had withdrawn by the end of April, including our 297 departing seniors, the largest ever SAS senior class.

School Finance 415: Food Service Update and Changes for 2015-16

The 2014-15 school year has seen SAS take important strides toward more healthy, efficient, and enjoyable food experiences.

Read on to find out how these improvements will continue next year, the new prices for ECC/ES set lunches, and some changes to high school students' dining options that will take place over the break.

School Finance 414: Summer Projects at SAS

Each June the SAS facilities team rolls up its sleeves to improve and repair the spaces and equipment used daily during the school year.

Summer projects are typically those that would cause disruption for students and teachers.

In addition to our usual maintenance projects, this year we have some exciting renovations planned.

(This post has been updated to remove outdated maps.)

School Finance 413: Financing Our Technology Program

Starting with one cart of Macintosh computers in the business office of the King's Road campus, our technology program has developed over three decades of evolution and improvement.

Now nearly every SAS student has his or her own device, and technology is integrated into classes school-wide.

Read on to find out how all this technology is organized and paid for.

School Finance 412: The Lunch Supervisors Program

If you have ever joined your elementary or middle school student for lunch, you may have noticed our lunch supervisors greeting children, encouraging positive socializing, and keeping an eye on dining behavior.

School Finance 411: SAS, Business with a Heart

In keeping with our community-centered history, our non-profit status, and our core values, we at SAS seek to make the school a "business with a heart," that is, a responsible steward of parents' resources that still responds with sensitivity and humanity to specific circumstances.

Read on to find out how we balance fiscal responsibility with a "culture of extraordinary care" that considers student needs and family concerns.

School Finance 410: Re-enrollment Preview and New Admissions Field Guide

As some parents may not have read the re-enrollment preview in the eNews before Thanksgiving, we repeat it here, along with a link to our beautiful new SAS Admission Field Guide.

Please make sure you understand the re-enrollment process, which will begin soon after winter break, and also take a moment to enjoy the inspiring Admissions Field Guide, a reminder of the many reasons families choose to enroll and re-enroll at SAS.

School Finance 409: Enrollment Demographics - Part 2

This week we continue our description of this year's SAS population with some facts about parent employment, who pays the school bills, where our students live, and with how many friends a student may expect to graduate.

Singapore American School (SAS) is a non-profit, independent, co-educational day school located in the Woodlands area of Singapore. It offers an American-based curriculum for students in preschool through high school. One of Singapore's first international schools, SAS was founded in 1956, and started with a hundred students in a colonial house. It has since developed into a school of nearly 4,000 students on a 36-acre campus. SAS is accredited by the US-based Western Association of Schools and Colleges (WASC).


She serves on the board of the Global Justice Center, an international human rights law organization based in New York City.

(meta data) TITLE: Our Board - Global Justice Center

Renée S. Acosta served as the President and CEO of Global Impact from 1993 – 2013 when she retired.

During her tenure, Global Impact increased its annual revenue from $12 million to a high point of $142 million, and has raised more than $1.3 billion for charitable organizations, while maintaining overhead under four percent.

Global Impact is dedicated to supporting humanitarian relief and development programs for the world's most vulnerable people.

Acosta also served as President of Global Reach which was incorporated in 2008 - 2014 to address the challenge of maximizing the resources of the private sector, governments and not-for-profits to mitigate suffering in times of crises and disaster.

Acosta served as a key advisor, subject matter expert and lecturer to numerous entities, managed the two largest workplace giving campaigns in the world: CFCNA and CFC-O, was instrumental in the creation of NATO's Civil-Military Fusion Centre.

Acosta has served as a thought leader and innovator, ushering in bold ideas and creating effective partnerships that advance the organizational mission.

Under Ms. Acosta's leadership, Global Impact was honored with the Arab American Institute Foundation's 2007 Kahlil Gibran "Spirit of Humanity" Award for International Achievement; the E-philanthropy 2006 award for technology innovations in campaign management software; the National Alliance for Choice in Giving 2004 Excellence Award for distinguished performance, leadership and innovation in the field of workplace giving campaign management; Partnership Award from Secretary of Defense William S. Cohen; numerous awards from the U.S. Office of Personnel Management for CFC innovation and leadership for management of the CFC-Overseas and the CFCNCA; and the Humanitarian Service Award, Heifer International.

Upon retirement, Acosta has engaged in numerous civic and volunteer efforts including serving as campaign consultant to William Dodd, successfully elected to his first term as a member of the California State Assembly and as Chair of the Board of the Global Justice Center.

Yalda Afshar (MD, PhD) is a physician-scientist, Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinical Instructor, and Fellow in Maternal Fetal Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles David Geffen School of Medicine.

Her evidence-based clinical practice, basic science research laboratory, and public outreach all center around the premise of improving women's health and providing comprehensive care to all.

Both pregnancy intention and safe pregnancy revolve around optimizing health and attenuating maternal morbidity and mortality.

Afshar promotes and prescribes gender experiences to health practices that facilitate access to planned desired pregnancies and contraception, high-risk pregnancy care, and safe abortion care.

In addition to her work throughout the United States, Afshar has also created harm-reduction programs for gender roles and norms through workshops and bilateral exchanges for women's health in collaboration with the World Health Organization and various global NGOs in countries such as Bosnia and Herzegovina, Colombia, Peru, Mexico, Italy, Spain, Bangladesh, and several others.

Whether on the wards, teaching, or in the laboratory, Afshar's core focus is improving women's reproductive health, and, in turn, women's healthcare as a whole.

Gretchen Freeman Cappio is a partner at Keller Rohrback Law Offices, LLP.

As a partner in the firm's nationally-recognized Complex Litigation Group, Freeman Cappio takes cases she truly believes in.

Whether the case involves a family who paid a premium for a so-called environmentally-friendly car that spews toxins, a municipality that needs a corporation to clean up its pollution, or children whose families can barely pay for lifesaving medicine, Freeman Cappio gives her clients a powerful voice in the legal system.

Freeman Cappio strives to be a lawyer's lawyer.

Physicians, professors, parents, environmentalists, and other attorneys have called on her when they require representation in the face of long odds.

Currently, Freeman Cappio serves on the leadership team representing Volkswagen, Audi, and Porsche consumers who purchased and leased unlawfully polluting vehicles in the multi-billion dollar litigation In re Volkswagen "Clean Diesel" Marketing, Sales Practices, and Products Liability Litig., No. 3:15-md-2672-CRB (N.D. Cal.).

She represented a mid-western town against a paper products company that left behind an environmental disaster when it left the community.

Following the litigation, the mayor praised the work of Freeman Cappio and her colleagues stating, "You were knowledgeable, responsive and genuinely cared about the 's case."

Additionally, Freeman Cappio represented parents who discovered their children's products were unsafe in In re Mattel, Inc./i, No. 2:07-ML-01897 (C.D. Cal.), multidistrict litigation regarding hazardous, lead-contaminated toys.

Freeman Cappio's work on the co-lead counsel team against a major national bank led to the settlement of In re JPMorgan Chase Mortg. Modification Litig., No. 1:11-md-2290 (D. Mass.), resulting in improved home mortgage modification processes for homeowners.

In a cutting-edge civil rights case, Freeman Cappio represented plaintiffs in Erickson v. Bartell Drug Co., 141 F. Supp. 2d 1266 (W.D. Wash. 2001), a class action brought on behalf of employees.

Erickson established that an employer violated Title VII of the Civil Rights Act when its otherwise-comprehensive insurance coverage plan failed to cover certain prescriptions vital to women.

Tracy Higgins has been a Professor of Law at Fordham University since 2002.

She is the co-director of the Leitner Center for International Law and Justice.

Her principle focuses are: Feminist Jurisprudence, International Human Rights, and Constitutional Law.

Scott Jackson is the President and Chief Executive Officer of Global Impact.

Global Impact's mission is to grow global philanthropy and build partnerships and resources for the world's most vulnerable people.

It has raised $1.8 billion since inception.

A global development, fundraising and marketing veteran, Jackson has held leadership positions in the public, private and nonprofit sectors, including the global health and development nonprofits PATH and World Vision.

He has worked in more than 60 countries, and his global relief and development efforts have taken him to remote villages in Africa and Asia, to the heart of the Holy Land, and inside some of the most powerful institutions and governments around the world.

Jackson has worked with global leaders, including four U.S. presidents and their administrations, and he has represented international development issues with the offices of U.S. Secretaries of State Madeleine Albright, Colin Powell and Hillary Clinton.

Jackson was a founding nonprofit member of The ONE Campaign to "make poverty history" and has worked on initiatives with Bono and the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation.

He is a member of several national boards and advisory committees, including the Clinton Global Initiative, YourCause, International Center for Research on Women, National Development Committee of the U.S. Fund for UNICEF, Global Washington, World Trade Center Seattle and CEO Connection's Leadership Committee for Social Impact.

He currently works closely with the leadership of more than 100 nonprofits around the world, such as Save the Children, CARE and Heifer International.

He is the author of "Take Me with You," released in March 2017, a moving personal story written to inspire people to take action and find the "charity within" — Jackson's personal philosophy of making a choice to live in a way that improves life for others.

He was recognized by the Center for Nonprofit Advancement as a 2016 winner of the Gelman, Rosenberg and Freedman EXCEL Award, which recognizes leadership achievement in the areas of innovation, motivation, community building, ethical integrity and strategic leadership.

Before taking leadership roles in the global development humanitarian sector, Jackson founded TRADEC (Trade and Development Consortium), one of the first marketing and communications firms in North America to specialize in international trade and development, which later became part of APCO, a worldwide communications firm.

During his early career, Jackson served as assistant to a U.S. congressman, and he held a number of roles in national politics.

He has appeared in The New York Times, The Washington Post and The Huffington Post.

Jackson received a Master of Business Administration from the University of Edinburgh School of International Business.

He also holds an honorary doctorate of humane letters from the University of Puget Sound, where he received a Bachelor of Arts in history.

Jelena Pia-Comella has over 20 years of experience in international relations and a deep knowledge of the United Nations system.

Throughout her career, Pia-Comella has been true to her feminist principles and passion to promote women's rights, strengthen women's leadership, and support the work of activists in the peace and security arena and gender justice.

Starting her career in 1996 as a diplomat representing Andorra at the United Nations, the United States, and Canada she was part of the team that created the foreign policy of her country.

Pia-Comella participated in the conferences and negotiations that set new standards in international human rights and international humanitarian law such as the Rome Statute and the Responsibility to Protect norm.

Pia-Comella was appointed Deputy Permanent Representative of Andorra to the United Nations in 2002 and served as chargé d'affaires a.i./Chief of Mission to the United States and Canada from 2001 to 2007.

Upon leaving the Andorran diplomatic service, Pia-Comella shifted her career to transfer her knowledge and skills to the service of activism.

From January to June 2008, she was a consultant for the Center for Women's Global Leadership and Women's Environment and Development Organization to coordinate the Gender Equality Architecture Reform Campaign (GEAR) which led to the creation of UN Women.

Until July 2018, she was the Deputy Executive Director of the World Federalist Movement – Institute for Global Policy (WFM-IGP) setting the strategy and overseeing the work of the organization including the secretariats of the International Coalition for the Responsibility to Protect and the Coalition for the International Criminal Court.

Currently Pia-Comella is consulting with Global Action Against Mass Atrocity Crimes (GAAMAC) as Senior Advisor to advise on a strategy to enhance GAAMAC's impact and outreach.

Elisabeth Wickeri is Executive Director of the Leitner Center for International Law and Justice at Fordham Law School and Adjunct Professor of Law.

Wickeri teaches courses in public international law, comparative legal frameworks, and carries out fieldwork, research, and writing on legal developments in Asia.

Her publications have appeared in the Fordham International Law Journal, the Drexel Law Review, China Perspectives, and the China Rights Forum.

She also serves as a law lecturer and course director with the Center for International Humanitarian Cooperation at Fordham University, and Adjunct Professor at the NYU School of Continuing and Professional Studies.

Wickeri received her J.D. from New York University School of Law, where she was an Executive Editor for the Review of Law & Social Change.

She received her B.A. in History, cum laude, from Smith College, and also studied at the Hopkins-Nanjing Center for Chinese and American Studies in Nanjing, China.

Statement on United Nations Fact-Finding Mission Report on Sexual and Gender-Based Violence

"That's Illegal" Episode 11: Justice and the Genocide of the Rohingya

August News Update: Ready to be Heard on the World Stage

Five Years After Genocide, Yazidis are Still Waiting for Justice

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Wood is a choir leader at the Ringway Gospel Centre Assemblies of God Church, Accra. She is also the Chairperson of the Alternative Dispute Resolution in Ghana. She has also served as a member of the Kenya Judges and Magistrates Vetting Board.


He served as the leader of the political and military department for the Assyrian Democratic Movement.

(meta data) TITLE: William Warda - The Future of Religious Minorities in the Middle East

(meta data) PUBLISHER: https://www.facebook.com/CSIhumanrights/

Chairman of the Alliance of Iraqi Minorities; Co-Founder of HHRO.

William Warda is Chairman of the Alliance of Iraqi Minorities, and Co-Founder of the Hammurabi Human Rights Organization (HHRO).

He is the former CEO of Ashur Satellite TV, and a former leader of political and military affairs of the Assyrian Democratic Movement in Nineveh (2003).

Saddam Hussein, Operation Iraqi Freedom, the Islamic State: Can Religious Pluralism Survive the Onslaught?

VerdeCayman IslandsCentral African RepublicChadChileChinaColombiaComorosCongo, Democratic Republic of theCongo, Republic of theCosta

The HHRO was created by Pascale Warda, a former Iraqi Minister for Displacement and Migration. Pascale Warda is an Assyrian and Catholic Iraqi, born in Dahuk. She has worked with many organizations before creating the HHRO: Assyrian Women's Union, Assyrian Aid Society-Iraq and the Iraqi Women's Center for Development situated in Baghdad. The co-founder of HHRO is her husband William Warda. He has also been part of different human rights group in the region like Alliance of Iraqi Minorities. William Warda also played a political role in the early 2000s.