She is on the advisory board of the Neiman Fellowship program at Harvard University.

(meta data) TITLE: Advisory Board - Nieman Foundation

(meta data) PUBLISHER: https://www.facebook.com/niemanfoundation/

To promote and elevate the standards of journalism

Visiting Fellow Paul Salopek discusses plans for his Out of Eden walk around the world

Front row, from left: Alex Jones, Amanda Bennett, Rosental Alves, John Harwood (board chair).

Second row: Margaret Engel, Wendi C. Thomas, Jennifer 8. Lee, Gigi Georges.

Third row: David Skok, George de Lama, Fernando Berguido, Ann Marie Lipinski (curator), Amy Abrams, Robert Blau, Akiko Sugaya, Tim Golden, Joseph Bower.

Not pictured: Henry Louis Gates, Jr., Nicco Mele, Emily O'Reilly, Ernie Suggs.

Professor and Knight Chair in International Journalism, University of Texas at Austin's School of Journalism; founder and director, Knight Center for Journalism in the Americas

Former publisher and editor, La Prensa, Panama

Executive editor for projects and investigations, Bloomberg News

Donald K. David Professor of Business Administration, emeritus, Harvard Business School

Director, Alicia Patterson Journalism Foundation

Alphonse Fletcher University Professor and director of the Hutchins Center for African and African American Research, Harvard University

Adjunct faculty, political science department, Boston College

Retired director of the Shorenstein Center on Media, Politics and Public Policy, Harvard Kennedy School

Co-founder and CEO, Plympton; author and journalist

Curator, Nieman Foundation for Journalism at Harvard

Director, Shorenstein Center on Media, Politics and Public Policy, Harvard Kennedy School

European Ombudsman for the European Union

Founder and editor-in-chief, The Logic, Canada

Reporter, The Atlanta Journal Constitution

Editor and publisher, MLK50: Justice Through Journalism

In 2003, she was elected to the Pulitzer Prize Board. In 2010, she was elected co-chair of the Pulitzer Board. She was on the board of the Loeb Awards; the board of the Fund for Investigative Journalism; she was a board member of Axis Philly, a nonprofit online Philadelphia news site. She is on the board of the Committee to Protect Journalists.  She is a trustee of the German Marshall Fund.


Warner Bros., the studio behind the successful Superman film franchise, decided to also accept and produce "Batman".

(meta data) TITLE: Batman- The 1989 Film: Vintage Magazine Article: "Cinefantastique" November 1989 (Volume 20 Number 1 & 2)

### Vintage Magazine Article: "Cinefantastique" November 1989 (Volume 20 Number 1 & 2)

This special "Double Issue" of Cinefantastique offered a lot of bang for a Batman '89 fan's buck.

Not only did the magazine showcase an in-depth look at the making of the film, but it also featured side articles on director Tim Burton, screenwriter Sam Hamm, makeup effects guru Nick Dudman, designer Anton Furst, and much more!

Seriously- Even if you read the scans below of all the pertinent Bat-pages from the issue, no '89 fan should be without this book.

Truly, one of the best of the magazines focused on the film available.

A site dedicated to the 1989 Batman film and its sequel Batman Returns!

Here you'll find loads of content related to the movies: Old magazine articles, video segments, vintage newspaper clippings, and a large focus on movie merchandise (especially the Kenner toy lines).

All the views and opinions expressed on this site are mine and should not be viewed as being shared by any of the companies and parties responsible for the film.

Have a question or want to possibly share something with the site?

Send me an e-mail at James@1989Batman.com

Batman Movie Sticker Set & Album (Greece)

Batman Official Movie Souvenir Magazine (Topps)

Batman Returns "The Penguin's Plot" Golden Book

Batman Returns Movie Program Book (Japan)

Batman Returns Sticker Set & Album (Topps)

## DC Collectibles Batman Animated Figure Reviews-

Tony Mei 2.0 3.0 Deluxe & Final Version Custom Capes

Action Toy Guide Catalogs (The Dark Knight Collection)

Kenner Catalogs (The Dark Knight Collection)

Action Toy Guide Catalogs (Batman Returns)

Toy Industry Magazine Articles (Batman Returns)

## Custom Kenner Creations Created By Matthew Hackley

Batman (1989) Video Game Tribute 7" Figure

Tony Mei Custom Cape For NECA 18" Batman

Toy Industry Magazine Articles (Toy Biz)

A disappointed Uslan then wrote a script titled "Return of the Batman" to give the film industry a better idea of his vision for the film. Uslan later compared its dark tone to that of "The Dark Knight Returns", which his script pre-dated by six years. In November 1979, producers Jon Peters and Peter Guber joined the project. Melniker and Uslan became executive producers. The four felt it was best to pattern the film's development after that of "Superman" (1978). Uslan, Melniker and Guber pitched "Batman" to Universal Pictures, but the studio turned it down. Though no movie studios were yet involved, the project was publicly announced with a budget of $15 million in July 1980 at the Comic Art Convention in New York.


Several critics have accused the running gag of being racist due to the fact that the majority of Emily's maids are non-English-speaking women of color, who she often fires.

(meta data) TITLE: 10 *Gilmore Girls* Moments That Will Totally Make You Cringe Now | Glamour

(meta data) COPYRIGHT: Copyright © Condé Nast 2017

Focused crawls are collections of frequently-updated webcrawl data from narrow (as opposed to broad or wide) web crawls, often focused on a single domain or subdomain.

The Wayback Machine - https://web.archive.org/web/20170217205858/http://www.glamour.com/story/10-gilmore-girls-moments-that-will-totally-make-you-cringe-now

# 10 Gilmore Girls Moments That Will Totally Make You Cringe Now

By Christopher RosaFebruary 17, 2017 3:20 pmPHOTO: Alamy Stock Photo

The Gilmore Girls revival, Gilmore Girls: A Year in the Life, debuted on Netflix in November 2016, and it was cute and fun and didn't do much to satisfy fans' appetite for clean character resolutions.

The revival was written just like the original TV show was—for better and for worse.

Better, because Amy Sherman-Palladino and Dan Palladino stuffed the four 90-minute episodes with pop culture references and emotional moments galore—basically, the reasons why we love this show so much.

But it wasn't all great: They kept in the same type of culturally insensitive "jokes" that permeated the show during its seven-year run.

It's understandable: You probably watched Gilmore Girls as a child or teen, and its problematic elements flew over your head.

That, or you didn't even notice them given the racist, homophobic, and fat-shaming TV landscape of the early 2000s.

This was the norm, which is exactly why the humor in Friends rings much differently for me now than it did in high school.

When you look back on the show with the "woke" culture of 2017, it makes the blind spots glaringly apparent.

These 10 offenses are particularly cringeworthy.

## The way Mrs. Kim, Lane's mother, is portrayed

At the start of Gilmore Girls, the Palladinos reduced Mrs. Kim to an incredibly strict "Tiger Mom" stereotype who speaks with a heavy accent.

She evolves slightly throughout the show, but not enough to think the showrunners gave her as much thought as they did to Rory, Lorelai, or even Christopher.

Gilmore Girls had a real opportunity to showcase a complex, diverse gay character with Michel.

Instead, they keep him in the closet and riddle his dialogue with stereotypes and Queer Eye for the Straight Guy–brand snark.

They do finally confirm his sexuality in the revival—a step forward, at least—but that was basically it.

We never meet his partner, and his story plays second fiddle to Lorelai's and Rory's champagne problems, as per usual.

## When Lorelai shames Sookie for not being in a relationship (???)

Just one of many times Lorelai was the worst to Sookie.

With few deviations, Emily's maids in Gilmore Girls are women of color, non-English speakers, and—as the show portrays them—interchangeable.

Emily's rude treatment (and subsequent firing) of her many maids became a point of "humor" on the show.

But there isn't anything funny about a spoiled white person disposing of women working in her home like they aren't human beings.

## When Rory fat-shames a ballerina in her Yale Daily News article

Rory confirms that she is a terrible journalist in a season-four episode of Gilmore Girls titled "Die, Jerk."

The "jerk" in question is Rory, who spends the majority of her ballet review for the Yale Daily News fat-shaming one of the dancers instead of, ya know, critiquing the actual performance.

(If you recall, she calls this ballerina a "hippo" and points out the "roll of fat around her bra strap."

"Jerk" is putting it lightly, to be honest.

## The fact that Paris gets rejected from Harvard, but Rory gets in

Just like Blair Waldorf deserved to get into Yale more than the ridiculous Serena van der Woodsen did, the hardworking Paris deserved to get into Harvard way more than Rory.

It especially feels problematic when you remember that Paris doesn't get in after she loses her virginity.

Rory, however, is still a virgin—or as Lorelai puts it, "the good kid"—so this somehow makes her more deserving?

## When Emily essentially says that fat people shouldn't go to parties

During the season-five episode titled "The Party's Over," Emily is agonizing over how far apart to place the rows of chairs in her living room for a soirée.

She wants them far apart enough so that people can "navigate around them comfortably," but not too far.

When Emily's workers push the chairs a little wider than her liking, she barks, "Good lord!

If someone needs that much room to get around a chair, they shouldn't be at a party.

Yes, Emily literally suggested that plus-size people shouldn't go to parties because they need to be exercising.

Because calling inanimate objects "gay" was still a thing in the early 2000s.

Hilary Duff put an end to that once and for all with this PSA.

## The time Lorelai implies that two people of the same sex kissing would look "funny"

I believe the exact quote was, "We need to leave the country and have extensive plastic surgery.

So, you know, we can kiss and not look funny."

## And perhaps the worst of all: this line

BECAUSE PEOPLE SAID THIS WORD BACK THEN AND DIDN'T BLINK AN EYE.

For Gilmore Girls scenes that aren't cringe-inducing, check out this story: 70 Incredible Moments From the Emotional Rollercoaster That Was the Gilmore Girls Revival

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The way Emily treats her maids has been widely criticized, a common complaint made against an otherwise well-received character.


Season 1, comprising 10 episodes, originally aired on August 28, 2015, as a Netflix exclusive.

(meta data) TITLE: Netflix Orders 10 Episodes of Pablo Escobar Drama 'Narcos' | Hollywood Reporter

(meta data) PUBLISHED DATETIME: 2014-04-01T12:09:02

Game of Thrones Pilots Guide Premieres Renewal Scorecard TV's Top 5 Series Regular Grey's TWD

# Netflix Orders 10 Episodes of Pablo Escobar Drama 'Narcos'

With "Elite Squad" actor Wagner Moura now officially set to star, the spin on the notorious Medellin Cartel will bow on the streamer in 2015.

Netflix has confirmed its next series order.

Narcos, a serialized take on Pablo Escobar and the Medellin Cartel, received a 10-episode order.

From director Jose Padilha and Gaumont International Television, the latest original will bow in 2015.

The project gets an official greenlight with the addition of actor Wagner Moura to star as Escobar.

It reunites the actor with his Elite Squad director.

"Jose and Wagner together created one of the most sophisticated and chilling portraits of criminality and official corruption ever in their Elite Squad movies," said Netflix chief content officer Ted Sarandos.

"Their version of the Escobar saga will be like nothing ever seen before."

"Our idea is to tell the true story of how cocaine became such a huge problem in the U.S. and Europe – and how it all started here in Medellin," added Padilha, now preparing Narcos in Colombia.

Narcos is executive produced by Padilha, Eric Newman, Doug Miro, Carlo Bernard and Chris Brancato.

"We are so thrilled to be working with Jose and Eric on this gripping and timeless story," said Gaumont International Television CEO Katie O'Connell.

"Netflix is the perfect partner to launch this series and we are happy to be working once again with the amazing team there."

On top of Netflix's current roster of originals coming out this year, Narcos will join the third season of House of Cards in 2015 and the recently ordered Lily Tomlin and Jane Fonda vehicle Grace and Frankie.

### TV Premiere Dates 2019: The Complete Guide

### Broadcast TV Scorecard 2019: Complete Guide to What's New, Renewed and Canceled

"Narcos" is an American crime web television series created and produced by Chris Brancato, Carlo Bernard, and Doug Miro.


They use a central database that is maintained by the RISM Zentralredaktion (Central Editorial Office) in Frankfurt am Main.

HomePublications & ProjectsProjects & ToolsR-Projects

The Foundation and Structure of the RILM Music Thesaurus

Experience using bibliographic records downloaded from RISM

David Blum (Moravian Music Foundation, Winston-Salem, NC)

Jürgen Diet (Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, Munich)

Users' free-text queries vs. controlled vocabularies: a study of RILM user data

Yun Fan (RILM International Center, The City University of New York) and Shuheng Wu (School of Library and Information Science, Queens College, The City University of New York)

The origin and decline of Wagnerianism, as reflected in the Neue Zeitschrift für Musik and the Leipziger Konzertsaal

Klaus Keil and Jennifer Ward (RISM Zentralredaktion)

Klaus Keil (RISM Zentralredaktion, Frankfurt am Main)

Visualizing the Knowledge Space of Music

Yun Fan (RILM International Center, New York) and Glenn Henshaw (LaGuardia Community College, New York)

RISM like a Pro: Tips, Tricks, and Mistakes to Avoid

Jennifer A. Ward (RISM Zentralredaktion, Frankfurt am Main)

Association RIdIM: At the digital crossroads of music and art

Referencing music in the twenty-first century: Encyclopedias of the past, present, and future

Anna-Lise Santella, Don M. Randel, Harry White, Hanns Werner Heister, Laurenz Lütteken, Tina Frühauf, Álvaro Torrente

RISM Linked Open Data at the interface between libraries and research projects.

RISM on a shoestring: How small country groups can contribute to RISM (Part I)

RISM on a shoestring: How small country groups can contribute to RISM (Part II)

RISM: Minutes of the Advisory Council meeting

Marie Cornaz (Bibliothèque royale de Belgique, Brussels)

Répertoire International des Sources Musicales

One or several RISM working groups in more than 35 countries take part in the project. Around 100 individuals from those working groups catalog the musical sources preserved in their countries.


(meta data) TITLE: Year of Polygamy » About Year of Polygamy

(meta data) PUBLISHED DATETIME: 2015-03-10

The Year of Polygamy podcast started out as a weekly series for the Feminist Mormon Housewives Podcast.

Due to its national popularity, this site has been created as a better way to manage these important Mormon histories.

For over a decade, Feminist Mormon Housewives, a blog NPR's Krista Tippets called "legendary", has published essays on subjects pertinent to Mormon women.

Ranging from ridiculous tales of the drudgery of homelife to heavy hitting religious critiques and feminist theory, FMH has been a bright spot that readers could turn to when they felt alone in their local wards.

Since 2013 The FMH Podcast has taken those same topics and tackled them through the new medium of podcasting by hosting panel discussion, monologues, and Lindsay Hansen's searing and provocative historical research series, The Year of Polygamy.

Over the course of 75 episodes Hansen takes research hidden away in archives, brushed aside by religious authorities, left out of official histories, written professionally in abstracts and journals, and compiles it all in a narrative respected by leading historians and compelling enough to interest any casual listener.

The series follows the Mormon faith through the lens of "The Principle of Plural Marriage" from its genesis in 1831 with its originator Joseph Smith, through the hidden history and governmental pressure, to today and contemporary practicing Fundamentalist Mormons.

For the first time polygamy is dissected through a feminist viewpoint, with attention given to the experiences of the women, women who sacrificed everything and suffered long and are never mentioned in museums or landmark tours.

Their experiences, along with interviews with experts, scholars, historians, and those still affected directly by the practice, paint a new portrait of how the west was shaped, by the hard work and toil of these invisible women, hidden away through controversy.

Through Hansen's careful work, we see how the practice of polygamy affected every aspect of the LDS church's formation and is still a shadow hanging over the church, visible in it's approach to marriage, the role of women, and the temple ceremonies.

Instead of the historical footnote polygamy is often treated as, Hansen shows how this practice, started in secret and a direct cause of Joseph Smith's death, responsible for driving the saints to Utah, and then outward again to Mexico and Canada, the root of power struggles both in the church and out, the cause of suspicion and eventually violence including the Mountain Meadows Massacre, was an instigator to most of the history of American West.

For the first time, The Year of Polygamy shows how the west was settled not only to claim land and mineral rights, but in a very real way to control the bodies and sexuality of women in a way that reverberates today.

Hansen-Park pulls from sources all over Mormon studies, including top-notch scholarship and primary sources.

While her work is not original research, she weaves together the stories that have been told to bring you a consolidated history.

Sources are usually cited either verbally or in the body of the post, but you can expect her to pull directly from peer-reviewed research.

We encourage you to look at the sources listed and do your own work and support the scholars in Mormon Studies doing this work.

About the host: Lindsay Hansen-Park is a women's rights activist, a feminist blogger, and an advocate against gender violence.

She co-founded Utah For Congo to raise awareness for post rape survivors and is currently heavily involved in the Mormon Feminist movement.

Lindsay is the Assistant Director for the Sunstone Education Foundation and the founder of the Feminist Mormon Housewives Podcast.

She blogs for FeministMormonHousewives.org about women's issues.

Her work has been referenced by the New York Times, the Wall Street Journal, NPR, Quartz Magazine, and many other Utah publications.

She and her family live in Stansbury Park, Utah where she raises three beautiful kiddos, gardens, and rages against the machine.

Where Lindsay's work has been quoted or referenced:

http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p02b23jm (Start at about 14:53.)

Judith Freeman Interview: http://www.sltrib.com/home/4031744-155/books-judith-freeman-is-set-free

Conference on Race: http://www.sltrib.com/home/2280531-155/conference-will-explore-issues-of-race

Sunstone Symposium Seeks To Gather Voices From Every Corner Of Mormonism

Articles that cover the organizations and work Lindsay is involved with:

New York Times Personal Essay: https://static01.nyt.com/packages/js/newsgraphics/2014/02/27-mormon-essays.js

Read more about her background and motivations here.

#### Cedar City attorney appears on Feminist Mormon Housewives | St George News

[…] spot that readers could turn to when they felt alone in their local wards," according to the Year of Polygamy website

"Over the course of 75 episodes (Hansen-Park) takes research hidden away in archives, [

I have a couple of books my husband has compiled that you may be interested in.

One is called as the desert blossom which is the story of his grandmothers experience including me.

The other is called the Pottter Parriish Murders" turning an incident that took place in Springville Utah during the Reformation.

If you are interested please contact me.

#### Juvenile Instructor » Mormon Studies Roundup August 2015 (New! Improved! Monthly!)

[…] in the last few weeks, Lindsay Hansen-Park concluded her "Year of Polygamy" series over at fMh with a 100th episode podcast which […]

I actually have litmied my time reading fMh because of some of the postings I read over there (I was offended, ha!).

Someone was discussing the divorce of a friend, and how "wild and crazy" they got.

Also, someone else mentioned that the person who had left the church "seemed happy but we know was really not truly happy".

There was a rebuttal of that, but as you can imagine I get a little annoyed by those kinds of statements.

To prevent myself from logging in there and starting some sort of flame war – I decided just to limit the posts there that I read.

I have my space, other people have their own opinions and their right to their space, you know?I

will read and will comment if I can be civil…

#### 79: Sunstone Kirtland Recap, Yo! - Rational Faiths | Mormon Blog

[…] morning there was an uplifting devotional/worship/testimony service in the Kirtland temple led by Lindsey Hanson Park and Jana Reiss.

It was hard not to notice the historical irony of seeing such impressive and [

On year of polygamy pod cast on 1890 manifesto and something about Mormon writers response the numbers in the late 50's.

I'm enjoying your cast and thank you so much for a fine job.

None of your long podcasts play all the way through.

They always cut out after about 23 minutes.

I like listening to them, but I want to hear them entirely.

Ich habe hier mein Sofa im Test online gefunden.

gay young gay stars gay hotline numbers chris bosh gay gay justin bieber

You have the most soothing voice, Lindsay!

Thank you for your informative lessons and your compassionate insight!

Actually a 100 pure delight to look over it.

Park was raised in the LDS Church, and grew up in the heart of the Salt Lake Valley.


In addition to agreeing to change its policy on timekeeping, the Big Ten began a study on the feasibility of an instant replay system in 2003.

(meta data) TITLE: Big Ten Conference Football Replay - BIG TEN CONFERENCE Official Athletic Site

Starting in 1996, Alexa Internet has been donating their crawl data to the Internet Archive.

Flowing in every day, these data are added to the Wayback Machine after an embargo period.

The Wayback Machine - https://web.archive.org/web/20111018202322/http://www.bigten.org:80/sports/m-footbl/archive/090605aaa.html

Celebrating Big Ten Women's Championships

The Big Ten Conference will begin year two of its college football instant replay program in 2005.

In addition, other leagues will also implement their own instant replay system after the NCAA approved the Big Ten's proposal to allow all NCAA conferences and independent institutions to experiment with the use of video replay for the 2005 season.

The road to a collegiate version of football instant replay was paved in 2003.

At that time, the Big Ten began discussions with head coaches, directors of athletics, conference office staff and Coordinator of Football Officiating David Parry to create a system to allow for specific types of officiating mistakes to be immediately reviewed and corrected during all Conference games.

The Big Ten conducted a pilot program during the 2003 season, and based on the data collected, was given approval by the NCAA to institute the instant replay system at all games played at league stadiums in 2004.

As instant replay enters its second year on the college football landscape, the origin and details of the Big Ten's system appear below:

Ever since the NFL adopted instant replay in 1986 the college football community, including administrators and coaches in the Big Ten, had asked the question: Could an NFL-style replay system help the college game?

And each time the question was asked, the answer generally has been: "Yes, but...."

Costs and fairness were two important factors that limited serious discussion about implementation of college football replay.

The NFL had spent millions of dollars in hardware, software and labor to institute replay at the professional level, revenue that is simply not available to all institutions playing college football.

Outcomes aside, there were many purists who believed that technology should not interfere within the human element of competition: mistakes will continue to be made by coaches, players and officials, and are simply an intrinsic part of the game, they would say.

But in an era with so many games televised - the Big Ten Conference has had 88 percent or more of its intraconference games televised each of the last five seasons - and with mistakes and missed calls put under the microscope and scrutinized and replayed multiple times, there is now more incentive than ever to get the call right.

If a television replay shows indisputable evidence that an official's call (or non-call) was in error, then there should be a mechanism in place to immediately correct the error.

The goal of the Big Ten's football television replay plan is to:

Only specific plays are reviewable, and only those plays where the absolute standard of indisputable video evidence is met can a play be overturned.

The Big Ten Conference replay system allows for specific types of officiating mistakes to be immediately reviewed and corrected once the standard of indisputable video evidence is met.

The replay system will not guarantee that all officiating mistakes are identified and corrected.

Following a pilot program study conducted during the 2003 season, the NCAA Football Rules Committee granted the Big Ten permission to experiment with instant replay on a one-year basis for all televised games at Conference stadiums in 2004.

During the 2004 campaign, play was stopped in only 28 of 57 contests (49 percent) for a total of 43 stoppages and 21 overturned calls (49 percent of stoppages).

These numbers compared favorably to the Big Ten's instant replay pilot program, as the data collected in 2003 showed that play would have been stopped in 31 of 68 games (46 percent) for a total of 45 stoppages and 23 overturned calls (51 percent of stoppages).

In addition, the use of instant replay did not significantly affect game times.

The length of the 57 games utilizing instant replay in 2004 was only three hours and 16 minutes, compared to three hours and 13 minutes in all 2003 contests.

Less than one stoppage occurred per game in 2004, as the Big Ten's average length of review was only two minutes and 39 seconds, compared to the National Football League average of three minutes and 20 seconds for its instant replay system.

Instant replay is not intended to be an instant, infallible answer to correcting officiating mistakes.

It is, however, an example of how technology can help officials make sure that mistakes made on the field are corrected in a timely manner.

Q. Are the instant replay procedures used by the Big Ten the same as those of the NFL?

A. Even though the desired outcome of replay is the same - getting the play right - the manner in which football replay is used in the Big Ten is significantly different than any method the NFL has previously used.

The mechanics of Big Ten replay are explained in further detail on the previous page, but simply stated: Neither game officials nor coaches will have the ability to stop game action in order to have the immediately completed play reviewed.

All such stoppages and reviews will be conducted by a Technical Advisor in a secure area of the press box.

Q. Which games will have instant replay?

A. The NCAA voted to allow all conferences and independent institutions to experiment with instant replay during the 2005 season.

In the Big Ten, all intraconference games will utilize the system while home interconference games may also have replay upon the approval of the visiting team.

Q. Will all conferences have the same instant replay system?

While some conferences will be using an instant replay system that is nearly identical to the Big Ten's version, other conferences may incorporate minor changes, including different equipment, the possibility of coaches' challenges and the use of video from stadium video boards.

The complete list of other conferences instituting instant replay in 2005 and possible differences is included later in this section.

Q. What is the intended purpose of the Big Ten's replay system?

A. To provide the Technical Advisor with the wherewithal to immediately review plays, and where there is indisputable video evidence, correct specific types of officiating mistakes.

What the replay system will not do is guarantee that all officiating mistakes are identified and corrected.

Q. Who can initiate a review of an official's call?

A. Only the Technical Advisor serving as the review official for the game.

Neither the game officials nor the coaches may ask for a review.

Q. When can a game be stopped to review an official's call?

A. The Technical Advisor will look at nearly every reviewable play during the course of the game in search of indisputable video evidence.

However, the game will not be stopped unless there is reasonable video evidence that an error may have occurred during a reviewable play.

Technical Advisors are also advised to avoid unnecessary interruptions unless it appears that an officiating call may be in error and that the call has a discernable competitive impact on the game.

Q. Who will be making the decision if a call is overturned or not?

A. The Technical Advisor will have the sole authority to change a call, or no call, on the field.

Unlike the NFL model, officials working Big Ten games will not have the ability or capacity to view the replay(s).

Q. How will the Technical Advisor know that an on-field call by an official will need to be changed?

A. Unless in the judgment of the Technical Advisor there is reasonable video evidence that the call on the field was incorrect, then no stoppage of play will occur.

If there is reasonable video evidence that an official's call on the field was incorrect, then the Technical Advisor will notify the referee to shut the play down while the call is further reviewed and corrected.

Q. What will be the source of the video for replays?

A. All reviewable video will come direct from the television production of the game and no other source.

The Big Ten has had 88 percent or more of its 44 intraconference games televised during the past five seasons.

If an intraconference game will not be televised, then the Big Ten will arrange for video exposure of the game in order to provide the same, consistent coverage throughout the Conference season.

A. Technical Advisors are former college and/or NFL officials who observe, evaluate and rate game officials' performances and mechanics during games.

They report to and are evaluated by David Parry, the coordinator of officials.

Q. How long will instant replay be a rule?

A. The NCAA Football Rules Committee voted to allow all conferences and independent institutions to experiment with instant replay during the 2005 season.

Following the 2005 season, the Football Rules Committee will review the success of the rule and decide whether it should be added as a permanent rule change.

Q. Will the length of games be affected?

A. The use of instant replay did not significantly affect game times as the length of the 57 games utilizing instant replay in 2004 was only three hours and 16 minutes, compared to three hours and 13 minutes in all 2003 contests.

Less than one stoppage occurred per game in 2004 and the Big Ten's average length of review was only two minutes and 39 seconds, compared to the National Football League average of three minutes and 20 seconds for its instant replay system.

A. Only until the ball is put into play on the next play.

At that point, the previous play cannot be changed.

Q. Is there a time limit on how long a play can be reviewed?

A. There is no time limit...only the standard of indisputable video evidence.

If the television replay does not allow the Technical Advisor to apply this standard in a manner that changes the call on the field, then the game plays on.

Q. Briefly describe the mechanics of how a play is reviewed?

A. The Technical Advisor will signal the officials on the field that he is reviewing a play, and that game action should be halted.

The Technical Advisor will then view replays for as long as necessary to determine whether indisputable video evidence exists for the ruling on the field to be acknowledged as incorrect.

Once reviewed the Technical Advisor will notify the referee of the correct call, and time, down and distance, who will announce such to the crowd.

Communication between the Technical Advisor in the press box and the referee on the field will be by radio (with a backup phone line).

Q. What if a team is using a hurry-up offense and the Technical Advisor does not have enough time to view a replay to decide whether or not the play is reviewable?

A. The decision to stop the game must be made before the ball is snapped.

Similar to the NFL, if a team is in a hurry-up offense, it may curtail the ability to completely review some plays.

Q. Is the Technical Advisor limited to the number of plays that can be reviewed?

Q. Will there be sufficient camera angles to review plays from anywhere on the field?

A. The replay process will be limited to what is viewable by television cameras.

Sometimes a particular angle that might be better will not be immediately available.

Q. What happens if TV comes back from a commercial break after Team A kicks a PAT and shows a better replay that the Team A runner actually did fumble the ball before he crossed the goal line? A.

The play still stands as called on the field, since there was no indisputable video evidence to the contrary at the time the touchdown call was made.

However, if Team B has called a timeout prior to the PAT, and TV returns from a commercial break with the better replay showing the Team A runner fumbling before crossing the goal line, then the play would be subject to review by the Technical Advisor.

2001 Michigan vs. Michigan State football game

Three years after the game, Big Ten officials told "The Detroit News" that, upon further review, the clock operator acted appropriately. Dave Parry, the conference's coordinator of football officials, said, "that play, as much as we've put that under a high-powered microscope, was correct. We could not prove that timer wrong."
 To prevent the controversy caused by this game and others, the Big Ten changed its timekeeping policy for the 2002 season, having previously studied changing the policy prior to the Michigan–Michigan State game. Previously, the home team appointed an individual of their choosing to keep the official time in the press box. Now, time is kept on the field by a neutral official appointed by the Big Ten.


On 15 November 2015, after the November 2015 Paris attacks, the French Air Force launched its largest airstrike of the bombing campaign sending 12 planes, including 10 fighters, that dropped 20 bombs in training camps and ammunition facilities in Raqqa, the de facto capital of ISIS.

(meta data) TITLE: Paris attacks: French police launch raids as military strikes Isis in Syria | World news | The Guardian

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(meta data) PUBLISHED DATETIME: 2015-11-15T08:43:19-0500

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# Paris attacks: French police launch raids as military strikes Isis in Syria

Counter-terrorism raids are carried out at four locations in France as jets bomb Isis sites in the group's stronghold of Raqqa

First published on Sun 15 Nov 2015 08.43 EST

Shootout between police and gunman outside Bataclan

France's response to the Paris terror attacks gained pace on Monday with counter-terrorism raids arrests across the country and "massive" airstrikes launched on Islamic State targets in Syria, as the prime minister, Manuel Valls, warned of potential further attacks.

Tactical police units led raids in four locations in southern and northern France early on Monday, reportedly arresting at least nine people and seizing weapons from homes.

## Paris attacks: anti-terrorism raids across France as hunt for Salah Abdeslam continues – live

The raids, conducted as part of the country's state of emergency, coincided with airstrikes on Isis targets late on Sunday in which French aircraft dropped 20 bombs across the group's northern Syrian stronghold of Raqqa.

Valls said: "We know that operations were being prepared and are still being prepared, not only against France but other European countries too."

France would be living with the threat of terror attacks "for a long time", he added.

Locations of counter-terrorism raids across France

The French response came amid reports that a key suspect in the Paris attack was let go in the first frantic hours after the attacks on Friday night which killed 129 people and injured more than 350.

Twenty-six-year-old Salah Abdeslam, one of three brothers allegedly involved in the attacks, was travelling in a Volkswagen Golf with two other men when they were pulled over for a routine check near the French-Belgian border early on Saturday morning.

After offering identification, the men were allowed to continue their journey, because their names were not yet on any wanted list.

It later emerged that Salah Abdeslam was the man who rented a Belgian-registered VW Polo that was parked outside the Bataclan concert hall where 89 people died.

## The French are mourning, but by sticking together we can overcome | Natalie Nougayrède

One of his brothers, 31-year-old Ibrahim Abdeslam, blew himself up in the attack on the rue de Voltaire near the concert hall.

Another Abdeslam brother, as yet unnamed by authorities, has been arrested in Belgium.

An international warrant has been issued for his arrest.

In the early hours of Monday, tactical units of the French national police force – Raid (Recherche Assistance Intervention Dissuasion) and GIPN (Groupes d'Intervention de la Police Nationale) – raided properties in Toulouse, Grenoble, the north-east Parisian suburb of Bobigny, and the town of Jeumont near the Belgian border.

At least half a dozen arrests were made during raids on homes in Grenoble shortly after 1am.

Cash and weapons were also seized, according to Le Dauphine.

In Toulouse, French media reported a "preventative operation" in and around the area that was home to Mohamed Merah, known as the "ride-by killer" who gunned down several soldiers then attacked children at a Jewish school murdering a a total of seven people over several days before dying in a police shoot-out in 2012.

At least three people have been taken into police custody although reports say these were "administrative searches" on properties as part of a general anti=terrorist operation and not part of the Paris attack investigation.

In Jeumont, streets were closed around a building that was being searched.

Late on Sunday, France launched the country's biggest air-raid on Syria to date, targeting the Islamic State's de facto capital Raqqa, just two days after the group claim responsibility for the co-ordinated attacks on Paris.

A defence official was quoted by Associated Press as saying the strikes were "massive" and had destroyed two jihadi sites in Raqqa.

"The raid ... including 10 fighter jets, was launched simultaneously from the United Arab Emirates and Jordan.

Twenty bombs were dropped," a defence ministry statement said

"The first target destroyed was used by Da'esh [an alternative name for Islamic State] as a command post, a recruitment centre for jihadists, and a depot for arms and ammunition.

"The second target was a terrorist training camp."

The strikes, conducted in collaboration with the US, targeted sites previously identified on reconnaissance missions.

Reports from activists inside Raqqa suggest the airstrike targets were known Isis strongholds, including Division 17, an army base to the north of the city that had been under Isis control since July 2014.

The French interior minister, Bernard Cazeneuve, said the airstrikes were a direct retaliation for the Paris attacks, which he said were masterminded by Isis leaders inside Syria.

"A group situated in Syria ... is organising attacks [with] actors situated in Belgium who are not known to our services, and is inciting them to act on French territory, just like they incite them to act in other European cities," Cazeneuve said in an interview on France 2 TV.

"As a result, we are facing a new reality, one of acts of war organised by Barbarians from inside Syria."

Information from inside Syria suggested the bombings had cut water and electricity supplies across Raqqa.

Activists in the city have said the bombings have caused "panic", but the Syrian Observatory for Human Rights said it had "no information about casualties so far".

Isis's media arm, Amaaq, claimed the sites hit by French bombs had already been abandoned and that nobody was killed in the strikes.

It also emerged on Sunday that Iraqi intelligence warned of imminent assaults by Islamic State on countries fighting against them in Iraq and Syria.

The warning of "bombings or assassinations or hostage taking in the coming days" came a day before the Paris attacks at the Stade de France, the packed Bataclan concert hall and a string of cafes and restaurants in the French capital's north-eastern 10th and 11th arrondissements.

A senior French security official told the Associated Press that French intelligence received such warnings "all the time" and "every day".

But Iraqi intelligence officials said they had warned France about specific details.

These included the allegation that the attackers were trained for this operation and had been sent from Raqqa back to France, where they met a sleeper cell that helped them carry out their plan.

In all, 24 people were involved: 19 attackers and five others in charge of logistics and planning.

None of these details have so far been corroborated by French or western intelligence agencies, AP said.

The New York Times, citing French and US officials, reported that the attackers communicated "at some point beforehand" with Isis members in Syria.

Two more of the seven suicide bombers who died in the assaults had also been identified, police said, without confirming their names.

The Paris public prosecutor, François Molins, said in a separate statement that at least three French suicide bombers were involved in the attacks, two of them living in the Belgian capital.

The Washington Post named another suicide bomber as Bilal Hadfi, whose nationality was not known but who was thought to have fought in Syria.

In a sign of the jumpy atmosphere in Paris since the attacks, the deadliest in France since the second world war, people who had gathered at the Place de République scattered in panic on Sunday evening, prompting armed police to rush into the square.

It proved a false alarm, possibly caused by a firework.

The first of the killers to be formally identified was earlier named as Omar Ismaïl Mostefai, 29, from Courcouronnes, south of Paris.

Seven of Mostefai's relatives, including his father and brother, were being questioned by French police, a judicial source confirmed.

As it became clear that the carnage – claimed by Isis as revenge for France joining US-led airstrikes against its forces in Syria and Iraq – involved a multinational team with links to the Middle East, Belgium and possibly Germany, the investigation widened to several European countries.

Most of the Belgian arrests were made in the Brussels suburb of Molenbeek, a hotbed of radicalism in the country that proportionately has supplied more fighters for Isis than any other in Europe.

The district has harboured several other Islamist attackers, including Ayoub el-Khazzani, 25, whose attack on a high-speed Thalys train in August was thwarted by off-duty US soldiers, and Mehdi Nemmouche, who killed three people at the Jewish Museum in Brussels in 2014.

## Why Syrian refugee passport found at Paris attack scene must be treated with caution

The Serbian interior ministry said a Syrian passport found near the body of one of the suicide bombers was used by a refugee entering the country on 7 October, four days after being registered on the Greek island of Leros.

It was not known whether the passport was real or fake.

The ministry said the 25-year-old man, whom they identified as AA but was named by the Serbian newspaper Blic as Ahmed Almuhamed, had requested asylum.

A Greek newspaper, Protothema, said he was travelling with a second man, Mohammed Almuhamed, and reproduced what it said were their travel documents.

The eastern Aegean island of Leros has been a transit point this summer for thousands of refugees and migrants entering Europe.

Greece confirmed the Syrian passport had been registered in Leros, but officials warned there was no evidence linking it to the attacker, pointing out that the person holding it may not have been its legitimate owner or it could be a fake.

Amid calls from several countries for the EU's borders to be radically tightened in the face of the huge influx of refugees and migrants, the bloc's president, Jean-Claude Juncker, stressed at a G20 summit in Turkey that the "man responsible for the attacks in Paris … is a criminal, and not a refugee and not an asylum seeker."

The EU said it would hold a meeting of its interior and justice ministers next Friday to assess the impact of the Paris attacks.

Cazeneuve asked for the meeting, saying "our battle against terrorism must be, more than ever, steadfast", and must be reinforced at the European level.

In Germany, authorities were looking into a possible link to a 51-year-old Montenegrin man recently stopped with a car full of arms and explosives.

The Bavarian interior minister, Joachim Herrmann, said officers found automatic weapons, dynamite, hand grenades and ammunition in the man's car, along with a mobile phone and car GPS system indicating he was en route to Paris.

## Parisians reclaim their streets as survivors recall terror of massacre

Announcing three days of national mourning and a national state of emergency, the French president, François Hollande, called the coordinated assault – "prepared, organised and planned overseas, with help from inside" – an "act of war" that must be countered "mercilessly".

Isis claimed responsibility for the latest attacks in a statement released online on Saturday, blaming France's participation in US-led airstrikes against its forces and positions in Syria.

France "remains the main target of Islamic State … for having led the crusade, dared to insult our prophet, boasted of fighting Islam in France and for striking Muslims in the caliphate with their planes", the group said in a statement.

Three of the suicide bombers blew themselves up outside the Stade de France after apparently trying to enter the national stadium where 80,000 people – including Hollande, who had to be evacuated – were watching a France-Germany football friendly.

Two more attackers detonated their explosive vests at the Bataclan, where a third was shot dead by police.

The seventh jihadi blew himself up not far from the venue.

A number of restaurants and cafes, their terraces packed on a mild November evening, were targeted by the gunmen: 12 victims died at a Cambodian restaurant near the Canal St Martin, while 19 were killed at another eatery on the nearby rue de Charonne.

International military intervention against ISIL

US-led intervention in Iraq.:French airstrikes.

The airstrikes were approved by French President François Hollande, which indicated that France was committed to fighting ISIL using air power alongside the United States. Hollande mentioned that no ground troops would be used in the conflict. To conduct its airstrikes, France deployed 9 Rafale fighters to the United Arab Emirates, 6 Dassault Mirage 2000 fighters to Jordan, in addition to an Atlantique 2 maritime patrol aircraft, a Boeing E-3 Sentry airborne early warning and control aircraft, and a Boeing KC-135 Stratotanker aerial refueling tanker.
 On 23 February 2015, the French Navy also deployed its Task Force 473 carrier strike group to the Persian Gulf with the intent on conducting airstrikes from the aircraft carrier "Charles de Gaulle". The "Charles de Gaulle" contributed 12 Rafale fighters, 9 Dassault-Breguet Super Étendard strike aircraft, and 2 E-2C Hawkeye airborne early warning and control aircraft. The task force also included the French frigate "Chevalier Paul" (D621), a Rubis-class submarine, a Durance-class tanker, and the British frigate HMS "Kent". After eight weeks of operations, the task force left the Persian Gulf on its way to India, heralding the end of its contribution to Operation Chammal.
 On 5 November 2015, it was announced that the "Charles de Gaulle" would resume operations in Syria to fight ISIL.


The company has provided consulting programming for several large technology companies in San Francisco.

(meta data) TITLE: Twitter brings in big guns from Pivotal Labs to help rebuild its troubled infrastructure | VentureBeat

(meta data) PUBLISHER: https://www.facebook.com/venturebeat/

# Twitter brings in big guns from Pivotal Labs to help rebuild its troubled infrastructure

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Twitter, the messaging service that many of us love — and love to complain about when it experiences downtime — has hired a premier software development firm to help it rebuild its infrastructure, we've heard and confirmed with the company.

The name of the firm is Pivotal Labs, a quiet but impressive group of big-gun, for-hire developers that already counts business software company SalesForce and a long list of startups as clients.

Yes, we hired some smart folks from Pivotal Labs to join us in the office and get some work done.

We're hiring full time employees too—there's plenty of work to go around!

San Francisco-based Twitter has had a near chronic problem keeping its site up as it has continued to grow (not unlike ourselves, as our readers may have noticed earlier today).

Its chief software architect recently left and the company has been looking at options for rebuilding the site.

It has recently improved, managing to mostly stay up during large events like Apple's Worldide Developer Conference event earlier this week.

Still, it has faced severe public criticism from its large pack of early-adopter users, many of whom have grumbled that they should just go and build their own rival messaging services.

(We've heard a few big names are working on doing so, but more on that some other time.)

Also of note is that Pivotal Labs qualifies its client list with this phrase: "There are more startups that are in stealth mode, and larger clients that are a little shy about us mentioning their names."

It'd be interesting to know who else privately counts Pivotal as clients.

Another reason this all sounds plausible is that Pivotal recommends that its client use Ruby Red Labs for web design; the folks at Twitter, Ruby Red Labs and I presume Pivotal are all part of the same clique of San Francisco-based web entrepreneurs, that have rather complex interlocking relationships with each other and with others in the Silicon Valley entrepreneur scene.

This one, for example, Ruby Red Labs also designed VentureBeat's original site.

[Photo of mercenaries via Doug's Darkworld.]

The company will use pair programming while doing its software development and also consults to other companies to help them use the method.


Thus, the exchange rates posted by DolarToday are only accessible outside Venezuela.

(meta data) TITLE: Venezuela forces ISPs to police Internet - Committee to Protect Journalists

(meta data) AUTHOR: https://www.facebook.com/committeetoprotectjournalists/

# Venezuela forces ISPs to police Internet

The concept of network neutrality holds that all Internet traffic should be treated equal and that Internet Service Providers, or ISPs, should serve as free-flowing gateways for information rather than as filters.

But in politically polarized Venezuela, neutrality is an increasingly rare commodity and now ISPs are feeling the heat.

The socialist government of President Nicolás Maduro is forcing ISPs to act as Internet policemen.

Through currency controls, the Maduro administration is also restricting their access to dollars, which ISPs require to upgrade services and keep abreast of technological changes.

ISPs are not even allowed to raise their monthly fees to keep up with galloping inflation.

"Venezuela is no Disneyland," one frustrated ISP executive told CPJ.

ISPs have come under increased scrutiny as Venezuela's economy has gone into a tailspin.

Amid skyrocketing inflation, shortages, and other economic woes, the U.S dollar now trades on the black market for 10 times the official rate of 6.3 bolivars per dollar.

Many people track this parallel market via websites such as www.dolartoday.com, which is based in Miami.

But President Maduro claims currency speculation is part of an "economic war" being waged against his government.

Last month, the telecommunications regulator CONATEL began ordering ISPs to block websites that provide the black market exchange rate.

So far, ISPs have restricted access to more than 100 URLs.

The order was based on Venezuela's 2004 media law which makes it illegal to disseminate information that could sow panic among the general public.

ISPs must comply within 24 hours or face sanctions, which could include the loss of their concessions.

"Of course we don't like it," said the ISP executive.

"But for me to defy this would mean to lose the company."

The government claims publishing the black market exchange rate encourages shopkeepers to raise prices.

That undermines government efforts to rein in inflation, which at 54 percent annually is one of the highest rates in the world.

Amid government pressure, self-censorship, and the sales of traditional Venezuelan media companies--like Globovision and Cadena Capriles--to owners friendly towards the government, many newspapers, TV, and radio stations no longer provide in-depth coverage of state entities and officials.

Social media, blogs and other Internet sites are now the go-to places for critical news about the government, according to Carlos Correa, who directs Espacio Publico, a Caracas NGO that focuses on free speech issues.

Correa and others fear that cutting off access to exchange-rate websites is the first step towards a broader blockade of information that reflects badly on the Maduro administration.

"Right now it is dolartoday.com but tomorrow it could be a Website that reports on government corruption," William Peña, editor of the Caracas newsletter Inside Telecom, told CPJ.

It violates the principle of Internet freedom and the legacy of neutrality."

Under pressure from CONATEL, the Venezuela version of www.tucarro.com, which allows people to buy and sell used cars, deleted automobile prices which had been listed in bolivars indexed to the black market exchange rate.

Pedro Maldonado, the director general of CONATEL, strongly defended the government's action.

"The people who operate these websites are political actors who are linked to the opposition and who are trying to create grave economic distortions," Maldonado told reporters last month.

Dolartoday.com and other sites often change their addresses by adding a dot or a dash and then inform the public via Twitter.

In response, Maldonado, on Nov. 19, sent a letter to Twitter asking the San Francisco, Calif.-based company to block such information.

Another target has been Bitly, the popular site for shortening URL addresses to make it easier to send them as links via social media.

CANTV, the government-run ISP, which dominates the market for residential Internet users, has blocked the site though it is available on other Venezuelan ISPs.

Another Caracas ISP executive said CONATEL'S strategy is to wear down Internet users so they eventually give up looking for information the government deems subversive.

Besides serving as part-time censors, Venezuelan ISPs are being squeezed in other ways.

For example, access to dollars at the official exchange rate is strictly controlled by the government.

Dollar allowances for ISPs keep shrinking which makes it harder to import materials and technology to upgrade services.

Such restrictions often force importers to purchase far more expensive dollars on the black market in order to make overseas purchases.

According to Venezuela's Chamber of Telecommunications Service Companies, its affiliates received just $28 million at the official exchange rate this year, down from $377 million in 2012.

During that same period, the official government dollar allowance for affiliates of CANAEMTE, an industry group for Venezuelan firms that build telecom infrastructure, fell from $46 million to $6 million.

Meanwhile, the government has allowed ISPs to make only miniscule increases to their monthly fees despite soaring inflation.

All this means Venezuela has one of the slowest Internet download speeds in the world.

But given the government's growing paranoia over information available on the Internet, that may not change anytime soon.

The Caracas ISP executive said his company has decided that it's better to play by the government's rules in order to continue providing Internet service.

But, he added: "They really have the noose around our necks."

UPDATE: This blog has been corrected to reflect that websites often change their addresses--not their IP addresses--by adding a dot or a dash.

You were originally correct when you said websites change their IP addresses.

In the case of DolarToday CANTV blocked our WEBSERVER IP's at the router level so that people bypassing DNS poisoning attacks will NOT connect.

Thats why we constantly change IP addresses as well as domains.

We use a mix of CDN providers worldwide and multiple Amazon web server data centers using elastic IP addreses so it's virtually imposible to block us as we send notifications to half a million followers in Twitter+Facebook

We are also releasing mobile apps on every known platform to allow access to our site and bypass blocks and in late 2014 we are releasing a DolarToday single page newspaper for distribution in public transportation, workplaces and universities.

Our strategy is to wear down CONATEL and ridiculize them.

It will get worse as we have some plans that I can not share.

Since its inception, DolarToday has provided black market exchange rates that are updated daily for Venezuelans who cannot exchange currencies with the Venezuelan government for the dwindling supply of the US dollar. The company bases its computed exchange rates of the Venezuelan bolívar to the Euro or the United States dollar from the fees on trades in Cúcuta, Colombia, a city near the border of Venezuela. Currently, with no other reliable source other than the black market exchange rates, these rates are used by Reuters, CNBC, and several media news agencies and networks. "The Economist" states that the rates calculated by DolarToday are "erratic", but that they are "more realistic than the three official rates" released by the Venezuelan government. The website maintains that the rates are not manipulated in order to undercut the Venezuelan government. Today the exchange rate of Venezuelan currency, monitored and governed by the Central Bank of Venezuela, is prohibited by the Venezuelan government from being accessed by its citizens.


Lewis' research has been mentioned in the press numerous times by outlets such as the Associated Press, "Wall Street Journal", "Bloomberg", "The Economist", NPR, and C-SPAN.

(meta data) TITLE: Ethan G. Lewis | C-SPAN.org

VIDEO LIBRARY | 252,150 hours of content

On the C-SPAN Networks:Ethan G. Lewis is an AssociateProfessor for the Economics Department in the Dartmouth College with three videos in the C-SPAN Video Library; the first appearance was a 2013 Forum.

The year with the most videos was 2016 with two videos.

Most appearances with Alex Nowrasteh (3), David Roodman (2), Alan de Brauw (2).

Most common tags: Immigration, U.S. Economy.

Appearances by Title:c. July 1, 2012 - Present

AssociateProfessor, Economics Department, Dartmouth College

Economists talked about the impact of immigration on wages in the U.S., focusing on the pay of low-skilled workers.

Labor and global economists talked about the impact of immigration on wages in the U.S.

Economists talked about immigration reform and the affect low-skilled and high-skilled immigrant workers have on wages, job…


Evan Sawdey of "PopMatters" said that the song is the most embarrassing moment of the album and as a result makes the album come to an intermediate halt thus ruining the "bad-girl party atmosphere".

(meta data) TITLE: Lady GaGa: The Fame | PopMatters

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The most embarrassing moment on Lady Gaga's debut album The Fame is not, shockingly, the part where she sings "Let's have some fun / This beat is sick / I wanna take a ride on your disco stick".

No, the most embarrassing moment is a song called "Eh, Eh (Nothing Else I Can Say)".

As a defiantly modern club album, awash in dirty synths and whispered promises of promiscuity, The Fame comes to a full-halt when "Eh, Eh" comes on, as—unlike the sinuous strobe singles that came before it—this vapid, superficial piece of gooey '80s synth-pop ruins the bad-girl party atmosphere that was being so carefully constructed during the first four tracks.

When Gaga (real name Joanne Germanotta) sings "there's nothing else I can say" ad nauseum over the irritating keyboard melody lines, you can't help but think that, in fact, she couldn't think of anything to say at all when it came down to writing actual lyrics.

It's a shame that we have endure tracks like "Eh Eh", "Paper Gangster", and the forgettable piano ballad "Brown Eyes", because the rest of The Fame is remarkably enjoyable.

When Gaga focuses on crafting hedonistic four-on-the-floor bangers and nothing else, she succeeds more often than not.

The intensely catchy lead single "Just Dance" is an excellent indicator of what to expect, as the rest of the The Fame, though not exactly intellectually stimulating, does manage to get you moving and grooving at an almost effortless pace.

Part of this success comes from the fact that The Fame isn't designed to be a club record: it's simply a pop record with dancefloor intentions, which, really, gives the disc a meaty backbone that relies on hooks more than grooves, making each song all the more digestible and accessible (the whole disc clocks in at a very manageable 50 minutes).

"Paparazzi" and "Poker Face" both mine much of the same glitzy territory that "Just Dance" covered, but never once does it feel like Gaga is deliberately repeating herself; instead, her faults only come from covering territory that she's obviously not prepared for.

On the plus side, there are times when she's deliberately self-conscious of her place in the pop music food chain (the fact that she wants to take a boy to see the Killers in concert during "Boys Boys Boys" serves as a key tip-off).

On the down side, her vocoder-assisted white girl rapping during "Paper Gangster" feels tired and outdated (a "California Love" reference? Really?), proving that, more than ever, the world needs a new Princess Superstar record.

Yet for those expecting this disc to be a non-stop soundtrack to dorm room dance parties, The Fame's best surprises come from Gaga's stylistic curveballs.

Closing track "Summerboy" is a full-bodied Blondie pastiche, replete with mid-range disco drum beats and new-wave guitar licks.

The awe-inspiring title track, meanwhile, is an even better modernization of the B-52s sound than even the B-52s themselves were able to pull off with last year's Funplex.

It's moments like these that make Flo Rida's regrettable cameo on the very Scott Storch-esque "Starstruck" all the more forgivable.

Much of the album's success can be attributed to rising club producer RedOne (who's biggest credits to date include remixing a song for Robyn and producing the latest New Kids on the Block album).

This Moroccan studio whiz knows his way around a good synth hook, which is perhaps why he produces a majority of Gaga's best tracks ("Just Dance", "Lovegame", "Boys Boys Boys").

Though Gaga started out in New York's tough-to-break club scene, her ability to pick out a good hook (along with her ability to spot a good producer) makes The Fame sound like a unified whole—something that's truly amazing when you account for the fact that five different producers/beatmakers were brought in to craft this disc.

So is The Fame a modern-day club classic?

Sadly, no, as Gaga's desire to try new sounds and genres can sometimes submerge her in waters in which she's just not ready to swim in.

Yet The Fame is still a solid dance album—and, really, when you're in the middle of your favorite nightclub at 2 a.m. in the morning, dancing like there's no tomorrow, isn't that all that matters?

Evan Sawdey started contributing to PopMatters in late 2005, and has also had his work featured in publications such as SLUG Magazine, The Metro (U.K.), Soundvenue Magazine (Denmark), the Daily Dot, and multiple national newspapers.

Evan has been a guest on WNYC's Soundcheck (an NPR affiliate), was the Executive Producer for the Good With Words: A Tribute to Benjamin Durdle album (available for free at GoodWithWordsAlbum.com), and wrote the liner notes for the 2011 re-release of Andre Cymone's hit 1985 album A.C. (Big Break Records), the 2012 re-release of 'Til Tuesday's 1985 debut Voices Carry, and many others.

He is a current member of The Recording Academy and resides in Chicago, Illinois.

You can follow him @SawdEye should you be so inclined.

Lady Gaga's Round of "Applause" (single review)

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"Eh, Eh (Nothing Else I Can Say)" received mixed reviews from music critics. Alexis Petridis from "The Guardian" noted that "Eh, Eh" bears the influence of early 1990s Europop and "is the first song in a long time that warrants comparison to the œuvre of Ace of Base. Matthew Chisling of AllMusic gave a negative review of the song saying "The Fame has it's ["sic"] 'ballad,' however the breezy 'Eh, Eh' doesn't hold water on this album; rather, it feels dry and lifeless, something which holds this album back". Sal Cinquemani of "Slant Magazine" said that "the breezy island vibe and soft demeanor of 'Eh, Eh (Nothing Else I Can Say)' is hard to buy when sandwiched between songs like 'Poker Face' and 'Beautiful, Dirty, Rich.'" In another article analysing about the music videos released by Gaga, Oscar Moralde from "Slant Magazine" noted that "Eh, Eh" as a track "is an intriguing case: rather than the tech-assisted sexy-androgynous dance pop that dominates a good chunk of "The Fame", it and its sister tracks 'Brown Eyes' and 'Again Again' are evidence of a stripped-down, simpler, sincere Gaga.


In his "Day with the Cup" on July 12, Binnington brought the Stanley Cup to his hometown of Richmond Hill.

(meta data) TITLE: Timeline: Binnington's Day with the Stanley Cup | NHL.com

##### Timeline: Binnington's Day with the Stanley Cup

## Blues goalie visits grandparents, police, hockey rink and surprises diehard fan

Just outside of Toronto, there's a sign that reads:

City of Richmond HillPopulation 208,000Home of Stanley Cup Champion Jordan Binnington

With the Stanley Cup in his hands Friday, the Blues' goaltender walked up to the sign, pointed at his name, and said "that's me, baby!"

Friday was Binnington's day with the Stanley Cup to do whatever he wished, and his schedule was packed from the very beginning.

Tweet from @StLouisBlues: Welcome to Richmond Hill, home of #StanleyCup Champion @binnnasty. pic.twitter.com/1hffBkTksl

Binnington starts his day by having the Stanley Cup delivered to grandma's house.

He's waiting outside the driveway when the vehicle containing the trophy pulls up.

Anxiously, he opens the trunk and takes it out, lifting it over his head for the first of many times that day.

He carries the trophy through grandma's house and out to the backyard, which is practically the seventh green of a golf course.

There he poses with friends and family not far from the pin.

About 100 yards away, perplexed golfers wonder why so many people are standing where they will be soon be trying to putt.

Instagram from @stlouisblues: Meet Joanne, Jordan Binnington's grandma.

Yesterday she won a championship trophy at Beacon Hall Golf Course.

Jordan says he's not the only Winnington in the family.

##### 10 a.m. ETRichmond Green Sports Centre & Park

The bus containing Binnington's mom, dad, sister and closest buddies from childhood pulls up at Richmond Green Sports Centre & Park.

"Oh man, look at all those people," Binnington says as he looks out the window at the fans waiting to catch a glimpse of the Stanley Cup.

"We're gonna need more than an hour here."

Binnington steps off the bus to meet Dave Barrow, the Mayor of Richmond Hill.

Barrow explains that there will be a short parade up to the stage, where Binnington will be recognized and will give a speech.

Usually after games, Binnington doesn't say a whole lot.

Keeps things short, succinct and to the point.

Here at Richmond Hill, though, he gives a passionate speech about sticking with it, how life can be hard and sometimes you get overlooked or have to wait a long time to get your chance.

But eventually the chance will come, and maybe it will be worth it when it does.

Before he leaves, Binnington is presented with the keys to the city, becoming just the second athlete in Richmond Hill to receive the honor behind figure skater Elvis Stojko.

Tweet from @StLouisBlues: When they give you your own parade and a key to the city.

Binnington's bus shows up to The Sports Village, which houses a few hockey rinks for the town of Concord, Ontario.

Binnington played a handful of games here for the Vaughan Kings.

They don't play at this rink anymore, but it was important for him to make sure youth hockey players in the area still got their chance to get a photo with the Stanley Cup.

Binnington's grandpa on his mom's side lives by himself in Thornhill, Ontario.

When the Stanley Cup shows up in his driveaway, he barely knows what to say.

You see, he was there when the Toronto Maple Leafs last won the Stanley Cup in 1967, so he knows seeing the Cup in these parts is rare.

But now, here it was, right in the middle of his driveway.

He walks out in a Blues hockey T-shirt and a Blues' Stanley Cup Champions locker room hat.

Instagram from @stlouisblues: Have a sip from the Cup, grandpa.

After a handful of public stops and visits with grandparents, it's time to slow it down a bit to have lunch.

Binnington arrives with the Stanley Cup at David Duncan House, a steak and seafood place in North York, Ontario.

There's a band, an amazing ice sculpture and an invite-only guest list of family, friends and friends of friends.

Tweet from @StLouisBlues: Jordan Binnington is good at a lot of things, including stopping pucks and making grand entrances.

Then there's Kevin - probably Binnington's biggest fan in the Toronto area.

Kevin's mom works with someone who knows the Blues' goalie, so he made a birthday card for Binnington and asked his mom to pass it along.

Except, Kevin's mom never brought it to work.

She kept it so that Kevin could personally give the card to Binnington on Friday.

He doesn't need to go see mom because she's been on the bus all day with him, but it's important to get a picture with her two dogs.

Of course, some neighbors stop by too as soon as they see the Stanley Cup on the front porch.

After a few pictures, it's time for the last stop of the day.

##### 4:45 p.m. ETToronto Police Service Headquarters

In a big city like Toronto, Binnington's bus required a police escort to get him from place to place, parade to parade, grandparent's house to grandparent's house.

So as a thank you, Binnington drops by the police station to give some of Toronto's finest a chance to get a picture with the Cup.

"They were kind enough to escort us around all day and really cut down on travel time and allow us to hit all our spots," Binnington said.

"Obviously Toronto's a very safe-feeling city, and they do a tremendous job in keeping the city safe and making us feel safe, so I think it was important to bring it by and show some love."

To say thanks for helping him make it to all his stops today, @binnnasty brought the #StanleyCup to the Toronto Police Service Headquarters this afternoon.

Be sure to visit stlouisblues.com or the Blues' social media networks throughout July and August as we chronicle the Stanley Cup's journey in our "Summer with the Champs" series, presented by McDonald's.

Over the next two months, the Cup will travel more than 28,000 miles, spanning five countries and three continents.

 On April 10, Binnington played his first NHL playoff game, stopping 25 of 26 shots against the Winnipeg Jets in a 2–1 victory. On April 27, Binnington was announced as a finalist for the Calder Memorial Trophy. After knocking out Winnipeg in six games, the Blues defeated the Dallas Stars in a seven-game conference semi-final series.
 On May 19, 2019, Binnington became the first St. Louis Blues rookie goaltender to record a shutout in the Stanley Cup playoffs, a 5–0 win against the San Jose Sharks which gave the Blues a team-record 11 playoff victories. The Blues defeated the Sharks in six games to advance to the 2019 Stanley Cup Finals where they met the Boston Bruins, the Eastern Conference champions. On June 12, the Blues defeated the Bruins in game seven to win the Stanley Cup, St. Louis' first in their 52-year franchise history. Binnington started every playoff game. With the Stanley Cup win, Binnington set a record for most wins by a rookie goaltender in the Stanley Cup playoffs with his 16th win.


The range concentrated on items bought singly or in pairs, such as jugs or vases, rather than full table services.

(meta data) TITLE: The Democratic Dish: Mintons Secessionist Ware – The Minton Archive

# The Democratic Dish: Mintons Secessionist Ware

A new exhibition opens today at Chelsea Space, a public exhibiting space sited on the Millbank campus of Chelsea College of Arts, which highlights Léon Victor Solon and John W. Wadsworth's important work on Minton's Secessionist range.

We're especially excited to see it open as a small number of Minton Archive items will be on display alongside a fantastic array of Secessionist pieces from the Alessandra and Simon Wilson Collection.

From around 1901 to 1916 Minton produced a range of pottery called Secessionist Ware, designed by John W. Wadsworth under the art directorship of Léon Victor Solon.

The stylised floral and foliage designs constitute a major British contribution to the international style of Art Nouveau.

However, Solon and Wadsworth named the collection after the leading European Art Nouveau grouping of the time, the Vienna Secession, whose first international exhibition had been held in Vienna in 1898.

The use of industrial manufacturing methods meant the Secessionist range was more accessible to the popular market than other smaller studio or hand-made pottery.

The exhibition contains examples of chargers, toilet ware, vases, pedestals, flower holders, candlesticks, jardinières, a cheese stand, plates and other utilitarian wares, as well as four items from the Minton Archive: a Secessionist Ware booklet (SD 1705/MS1361); a Photographs Book showing examples of Secessionist ware (SD 1705/MS1608); and two Wadsworth sketch books (SD 1705/MS4287, MS4288).

Together these show the innovative approach to colour that Léon Solon contributed to the Secessionist range, combined with John Wadsworth's designs of often radical abstractions from plant forms.

The exhibition also examines Wadsworth's advocacy for the decorative arts, highlighting both Solon and Wadsworth's contribution to British design between 1900 and 1915.

Having trouble viewing the Book Reader above?

Alongside the exhibition there's an opportunity to complete and submit a template (physical or digital) inspired by the work on display, four of which will be selected to be turned into transfers and workshopped onto ceramic chargers.

To coincide with the exhibition there'll also be presentations and a panel discussion on the subject of "Collecting, Archiving, Making, and the Place of Ceramics in Art and Society Today".

We're absolutely thrilled to see items from the Archive on display and we'd encourage you to visit the exhibition, which runs until Friday 26th October 2018.

For more information, including how to visit, see chelseaspace.org.

### About Chelsea Space and Chelsea College of Arts

Chelsea Space is a public exhibiting space, sited on the Millbank campus of Chelsea College of Arts, where invited art and design professionals are encouraged to work on experimental curatorial projects.

Chelsea College of Arts is one of the world's leading art and design institutions.

Located at Millbank, next door to Tate Britain, Chelsea specialises in Fine Art, Graphic Design and Interior and Textiles Design.

Since its origins in the 19th century, the College has produced many of the greatest names in the arts, including: Quentin Blake (illustrator and author) Ralph Fiennes (film and stage actor), Anish Kapoor (sculptor), Steve McQueen (artist), Chris Ofili (artist), Alan Rickman (film and stage actor), Alexei Sayle (comedian) and Gavin Turk (sculptor).

Anniversary Update: Wadsworth's Sketch Books »

History.:Late Victorian and 20th century.

From the mid-1890s onwards, Mintons made major contributions to Art Nouveau ceramics with a fine range of slip-trailed majolica ware, many designed by Marc-Louis Solon's son Leon Solon and his colleague John Wadsworth. Leon Solon was hired by Mintons after his work was published in the hugely influential design magazine "The Studio" and he worked for the company from 1895–1905, including a brief stint as Art Director.  Solon introduced designs influenced by the Vienna Secession art movement, founded by Gustav Klimt and others, and a range in earthenware made from about 1901 to 1916 was branded as "Secessionist Ware".   It was made mostly using industrial techniques that kept it relatively cheap, and was aimed at a broad market.


The Royal Mint also attracts tourists to Llantrisant to The Royal Mint Experience and the Royal Mint Museum which runs events and exhibitions around topics of interest.

(meta data) TITLE: About Us | The Royal Mint

A checklist for gold, silver and platinum

The relevance of gold as a strategic asset in the UK

Why Investment is hotting up for the Summer

If you are an existing customer and have not used The Royal Mint website to place or track your order, please activate your account today.

Welcome to the your account panel where you manage your account, orders or log off.

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The Royal Mint is the world's leading export mint, making coins and medals for an average of 60 countries every year.

However, its first responsibility is to make and distribute United Kingdom coins as well as to supply blanks and official medals.

Opened by The Queen in 1968 in readiness for the introduction of the decimal coinage, The Royal Mint's headquarters in Llantrisant, South Wales, employs more than 900 people.

Trained security staff oversee the security of the 35-acre site, which operates round-the-clock for 52 weeks a year.

The Royal Mint can produce 90 million coins and blanks a week - almost five billion coins a year.

Who runs The Royal Mint, and what is its strategy?

The Royal Mint is a government owned company.

We are committed to providing a financial return to the UK government in line with agreed targets.

The Royal Mint's Chief Executive is Anne Jessopp.

With more than 1,000 years of experience, The Royal Mint is planning for organic growth and sustainable profits.

Education and Learning with the Royal Mint Museum

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The Royal Mint, which produces all British coins, moved from London to Llantrisant in 1967 in order to meet demand when the UK converted to decimal currency. The Royal Mint is now entirely located in Llantrisant after a phased move, and employs over 900 workers on its 38-acre site. In addition to British coins, the Royal Mint produces circulating coins for approximately 60 countries, as well as medals, bullion coins and bars. The Royal Mint has been in existence for around 1,100 years, first in the Tower of London, then Tower Hill, and now in Llantrisant.


Dumm continued to write and draw "Tippie" until her 1966 retirement (which brought the strip to an end).

(meta data) TITLE: Stripper's Guide: Ink-Slinger Profiles by Alex Jay: Edwina Dumm

The Stripper's Guide blog discusses the history of the American newspaper comic strip.

## Ink-Slinger Profiles by Alex Jay: Edwina Dumm

Frances Edwina Dumm was born in Upper Sandusky, Ohio, on July 21, 1893, according to biographies at the American National Biography: Supplement 2 (2005) and Billy Ireland Cartoon Library & Museum.

In the 1900 U.S. Federal Census, Dumm was the oldest of two children born to Frank, who worked in a printing office, and Anna.

The family of four lived with Dumm's paternal grandmother, Sarah, and an aunt, Ella.

All of them resided in Upper Sandusky on South Main Street.

The 1910 census recorded Dumm, her parents and siblings, Robert and Sarah, in Columbus, Ohio, at 1012 Dennison Avenue.

In the American National Biography, Robert C. Harvey said Dumm's father was "an actor, playwright, and newspaperman".

He moved from New York City to Ohio to oversee his father's newspaper business.

The Thirty-ninth Annual Report of the Public Schools of Columbus, Ohio (1912) had Dumm's address (1012 Dennison Avenue) and occupation (stenographer).Harvey said Dumm decided to be a newspaper cartoonist and used the Landon School correspondence course.

According to the Billy Ireland Cartoon Library & Museum, Dumm completed the course then applied for a staff artist position at the new weekly newspaper, the Columbus Saturday Monitor.

Dumm was hired and "her work was first published on August 7, 1915".

In 1916 the Saturday Monitor became the Daily Monitor whose last issue was dated July 5, 1917.American

Newspaper Comics (2012) said Dumm created three series for the Monitor.

Dumm produced Spot-Light Sketches from August 28, 1915 to February 12, 1916.

It was retitled Meanderings of Minnie and ran from February 19 to July 23, 1916.

Dumm's third series was Human Interest Stories, running from April 15 to July 1, 1916.

With published work and savings, Dumm moved to New York City in 1917.

King Features Syndicate's Famous Artists & Writers (1949) said "When Edwina first came to New York, she roomed at the Studio Club with Helen Thomas, the singer composer…."

American Newspaper Comics said Edwina's Cap Stubbs and Tippie began in 1918 from the George Matthew Adams Service which syndicated the strip to May 29, 1965.

The Washington Star Syndicate handled the strip to September 3, 1966.

Dumm illustrated several books including The Diamond Cross Mystery (1918), Two Gentlemen and a Lady (1928) and Sonnets from the Pekinese.

Newspaper artist Dumm, her mother and brother were Manhattan residents in the 1920 census.

Their home was at 604 West 115th Street.

The Fourth Estate, May 7, 1921, reported Dumm's increasing recognition.

Young Girl Cartoonist Is Making a Name for Herself.

Miss Edwina Dumm, who draws a humorous strip depicting the every-minute experiences of a boy and a dog under the name of "Edwina," is one of the few successful cartoonists of her sex.

When "Edwina's" identity is revealed to anybody who has studied her comic strip, the usual comment is: "Impossible!

A girl couldn't draw such a good strip about boys and dogs!"

"Edwina" has been drawing ever since she was a child.

Although she has just passed her twenty—second birthday, she has had a great deal of newspaper experience, as her comic strip "Cap" Stubbs, featuring the funny dog "Tippie," has been syndicated for several years by the George Matthew Adams Service and has appeared in newspapers all over the country.

"Edwina" started her newspaper career on the Columbus (Ohio) Monitor, a weekly at that time and later a daily, now defunct.

At that time she drew political cartoons.

She joined the Adams Service in New York three years ago.

New Canaan, Connecticut was the home of Dumm and her mother in the 1930 census.

Dumm was a self-employed newspaper artist.

Not long after the census enumeration in April, Dumm sailed to Europe.

The Norwalk Hour (Connecticut), June 20, 1930, took note of Dumm's trip, "Miss Edwina Dumm of Jelliff's Mill road will return to her summer home from a six weeks abroad, in a few days.

Miss Dumm visited many points of interest while away."

The passenger list recorded her address as Talmage Hill in New Canaan.

In 1931, Dumm's created another series called Alec the Great.

It was syndicated first by the George Matthew Adams Service then followed by the Washington Star Syndicate.

According to the 1940 census, Dumm lived in New York City's Wellington Hotel at Seventh Avenue and 55th Street.

The 1942 New Canaan city directory listed Dumm, her mother and brother as residents on Jelliff Road.

Dumm passed away April 28, 1990, in New York City.

Her death was reported by the New York Times on May 2.

Dumm was laid to rest at an unreported location.

Can anyone tell me how to contact the Dille Family Trust?

Also does anyone know anything about the Dom Lavin School of Cartooning?

It would have been in Chicago in the early 1930s.

# posted by Carolyn Kent : 8/16/2016 2:32 PM

I am a comic strip historian, and author of "American Newspaper Comics: An Encyclopedic Reference Guide."

This blog is my outlet for all manner of interesting, oddball and rare material related to comic strip history.

It is also a forum where others interested in comic strip history are encouraged to participate through the comments, or even by contributing articles.

Have some information about a strip or cartoonist you'd like to share?

You can post a comment on any post (click on 'Post a Comment' at the end of any post), or email me (see below).

Note: All images on this blog are thumbnails - click on the images to see full size readable versions.

Some browsers may require you to click on the image a second time to see the image at absolute full size (not reduced to fit your screen).

I love to hear from you, but if you want to be sure that I receive your e-mail and respond, then you should read this post first.

After Dumm's strip about the young Cap and his dog Tippie debuted August 21, 1918, in an Ohio newspaper, "The Columbus Monitor", she moved to New York City and "Cap Stubbs and Tippie" was syndicated by the George Matthew Adams Service. Starting November 25, 1934, the Adams service partnered with King Features Syndicate to produce a "Tippie" Sunday page. The Sunday strip ended in 1966. When the George Matthew Adams Service went out of business in 1965, Dumm's strip was picked up by The Washington Star Syndicate.


He was also Ben Bernanke's, Mario Draghi's and Greg Mankiw's Ph.D. thesis advisor.

(meta data) TITLE: Greg Mankiw's Blog: Good News

Random Observations for Students of Economics

"Stanley Fischer candidate to replace Strauss-Kahn."

I first took a graduate course from him at MIT in 1980, and he was the main adviser for my PhD dissertation a few years later.

He also took the lead in 1987 in trying to recruit me, unsuccessfully, to leave Harvard to join the MIT faculty.

Saying no to Stan was one of the hardest things I ever did.

Stan is a superb economist and international policymaker: smart, sensible, experienced, personable, and open-minded.

He would be an ideal person to head the IMF.

I am the Robert M. Beren Professor of Economics at Harvard University.

I use this blog to keep in touch with my current and former students.

Teachers and students at other schools, as well as others interested in economic issues, are welcome to use this resource.

I don't care who writes a nation's laws, or crafts its advanced treaties, if I can write its economics textbooks.

In the early 1970s, Fischer worked as an associate professor at the University of Chicago. He served as a professor at the MIT Department of Economics from 1977 to 1988.
 In 1977, Fischer wrote the paper "Long-Term Contracts, Rational Expectations, and the Optimal Money Supply Rule" where he combined the idea of rational expectations argued by New classical economists like Robert Lucas with the idea that price stickiness still led to some degree of market shortcomings that an active monetary policy could help mitigate in times of economic downturns. The paper made Fischer a central figure in New Keynesian economics. Through this critique of new classical macroeconomics Fischer significantly contributed to clarifying the limits of the policy-ineffectiveness proposition. He authored three popular economics textbooks, "Macroeconomics" (with Rüdiger Dornbusch and Richard Startz), "Lectures on Macroeconomics" (with Olivier Blanchard), and the introductory "Economics", with David Begg and Rüdiger Dornbusch.