For RNA-seq followed by unbiased pathway analysis, the distal 1.5 cm of small intestine was collected from 5 VSG and 5 sham-operated, pair-fed male (SPF) C57Bl/6J mice (Jackson Labs, BarHarbour, ME) that were the subjects of a previously-published study 9 . See [ref 9] for further methodological detail. RNA-seq libraries prepared with the Illumina TruSeq RNA preparation kit were sequencing on the Illumina Hi-Seq 2000, with single-end 50bp reads. Analysis was performed in GeneSpring NGS (Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, CA), where sequences were aligned to the mm9 reference mouse genome and assigned Ensembl annotations. Aligned gene reads that passed quality controls (quality threshold >=30, zero N's allowed, no multiply mapping reads) were quantified and used to calculated reads per kilobase per million (RPKM). Raw **data** was normalized using the DeSeq algorithm where reads were thresholded to a minimum read count of 1. An additional filter required at least 10 reads per entity in each sample of either VSG or SPF samples (N=14591 entities). Differentially expressed genes with a fold change of >= 1.5 between VSG and SPF animals (N=882) were submitted to pathway analysis, which assessed significance of overlap between the 882 differential genes and those genes in pathways curated by Wikipathways, BioCyc, BioPax, and Legacy, with a p-value cutoff of 0.05. Raw and normalized **data** are accessible through NCBI's Gene Expression Omnibus, accession GSE53782.