Clinical and histological features. Clinical **data** of the patients are listed in Table 1. Seven male and 5 female patients were included in the study. The diagnosis was confirmed for all patients by histological examination prior to treatment. The mean age of KHE onset was 2.4 months with a range from 20 days to 8 months. The anatomical sites of these lesions included 8 in the cervicofacial region, 2 in the upper limb, 1 in the lower limb and 1 on the back. No lesions involved multiple anatomical locations. Eleven of 12 patients had cutaneous vascular lesions that manifested as indurated purple masses, and only one patient lacked local cutaneous swelling. The typical histological features of KHE are shown in Fig. 1, in which the tumor is dominated by nodules of spindle-shaped endothelial cells resembling Kaposi sarcoma, and slit-like capillaries can be seen between tightly packed spindle-shaped endothelial cells. Previous treatments. Patients in this series had received several treatment modalities prior to IFN-α treatment (shown in Table 1). Those treatments included surgery for 1 patient, corticosteroids for 2 patients, propranolol for 1 patient, corticosteroids combined with propranolol for 4 patients, and corticosteroids combined with vincristine for 4 patients. No apparent therapeutic responses were achieved with these therapies.