The estimation of ESV can provide a basis for the region to achieve sustainable development [61]. The ESV change in the study area were calculated by using the land use **data** from 2000-2018 and the ESV value equivalent table. The results show that the ESV in the Three Gorges Reservoir area increased from USD 38,320.49 million in 2000 to USD 41,964.75 million in 2018, and the overall ESV change showed an increasing trend. This may be due to the continuous increase in the area of forest land (especially broadleaf forest) due to the implementation of the reforestation project, which also brings an increase in the value of different ecosystem service functions [62,63]. However, it is noteworthy that between 2000 and 2018, there are 16 districts and counties with decreasing ESV per unit. The most significant decreases (more than 5000 USD/ha) were observed in Dadukou and Jiangbei. With increasing urbanization, we see that ESV will show a decreasing trend and ecosystems will face increasing pressure in the region. In the four different ecosystem services, regulating services provide the highest value, followed by habitat services, and finally provisioning services and entertainment services.