Additionally, Maskály et al. (2021) collected survey **data** from police executives in 27 countries around the world to assess the effects of COVID-19 on police organizations and activities. Their findings indicated that, by summer 2020, responding organizations experienced at least some changes to problem-solving or community policing activities (83%), patrol strategies (78.3%), traffic stops (68.2%), officer-initiated activities (60.9%), special operations teams' activities (54.1%), handling CFS (43.4%), and use of tactical teams (34.8%). Collectively, these results demonstrate that routine police activities have been impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. Such changes have also led to empirical investigations of how police activities have changed since the start of the pandemic.