Six well-developed pale horizons interpreted as tundra gleys in units IV-VII and X, three reworked brownish yellow layers in units III and VI and two weak paleosols in unit IX were clearly visible in the field, whereas less developed units could be robustly defined based on color **data** (Fig. 4). It is important to note that the horizon designations from pedology used here are descriptive and not genetic. Interpreting the LPS evolution requires a differentiation of paleosols from reworked soil material based on field observation and GS data. The dark and brownish AB and BC horizons below AH 4 show increases in finer GS indicating pedogenesis, whereas all BC and Bw horizons above AH 4 contain higher proportions of sand and gravel, admixed during soil reworking (Fig. 8).