The research directions this chapter opens are found within the 'new territory' in GIS approaches that is informed by the archaeological-theoretical perspective, but not within the themes Verhagen (2018, this volume) identifies (i.e. cross-fertilisation with other techniques, network analysis, agentbased modelling, dynamical simulation modelling, or advanced statistical software). The universal significance of boundaries asserted in the opening statements sets out a path that here is developed from an end user perspective (i.e. analysis seeking social interpretation) on archaeological evidence on built space. Starting with the archaeological built environment survey maps which an end user may acquire, I will go through a series of observations on the way such **data** is presented. This brings out the complications associated with the usability of the lines on archaeological maps; moving from archaeological evidence to physical evidence, to material evidence. The theoretical implications that follow demonstrate how we can make critical use of lines on maps for spatial analysis in support of social interpretation. In conclusion, this theory is placed in the context of the requirements for developing interpretive research in a GIS environment. This has profound consequences for how we conduct archaeological GIS and how we proceed to develop new research processes with GIS. The concept of (material) boundaries is used throughout to exemplify how the staged questioning of archaeological built environment survey maps plays out. The path this sets out leads towards the theoretically and creatively enticing idea of developing 'interpretive GIS'.