Viaje por Praga
Nuestro recorrido por el Imperio Austro-Húngaro llega a su destino final. Una ciudad que sobresale a la vista, su arquitectura majestuosa y una banda sonara de música clásica y jazz. Conoceremos Praga, cruzando el Puente de Carlos sobre el Moldava y encontrándonos en la Plaza de Wenceslao, el epicentro histórico de Chequia. Al mismo tiempo, seguiremos las huellas literarias de Franz Kafka y Milan Kundera. 

Notas del episodio:
Los invitamos a suscribirse al Boletín del Banco de la República
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simplemente deberán llenar un formulario. ¡Y listo!
Si quieren acceder a la versión digitalizada del Boletín del Banco de la República, pueden hacerlo haciendo click 
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encontrarán las espectaculares reseñas, grandes artículos y las ilustraciones de los números que han salido hasta ahora.
Una visita a la ciudad dorada : Praga 
→https://www.lugarnia.com/destinos/europa/conoce-praga-la-ciudad-dorada-las-cien-torres/
Los puentes sobre el Moldava
→https://destinoinfinito.com/los-puentes-de-praga/
Un castillo que vigila la ciudad 
→https://viajes.nationalgeographic.com.es/a/castillo-praga-centinela-ciudad_11603
La Plaza de Wenceslao donde la Historia de construye
→https://viajerosblog.com/plaza-de-wenceslao-el-corazon-de-la-ciudad-nueva-de-praga.html
La composición de Smetana 
→http://atenas-diariodeabordo.blogspot.com/2015/10/bedrich-smetana.html
Libros 
La Broma – Milan Kundera
→https://loqueleimos.com/2014/11/la-broma-milan-kundera-2/
La Montaña  Mágica– Thomas Mann
→https://laplazadepoeblog.com/2016/04/17/desde-la-montana-magica-de-thomas-mann/
Películas
Kolya - Jan Sverák
→https://espanol.radio.cz/recordamos-a-kolya-la-pelicula-checa-que-gano-el-oscar-hace-20-anos-8197274
Hair – Milos Forman
→https://milosforman.com/es/movies/hair
Música de Praga  para nuestra playlist de hoy
→https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL8iWbOvuP2rJfbeGFxmigIZ7DGXtG71Ix
Esta historia es patrocinada por el Banco de la República

Atribución Musical 
Canción 01: Antonin Dvorak, “New World” Symphony

Nombre:  Symphony no. 9 in Em, 'New World' - IV. Allegro con fuoco 
Interprete: Symphony Orchestra
Licencia: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/legalcode
Fuente: https://musopen.org/es/music/4942-symphony-no-9-in-e-minor-from-the-new-world-op-95/

Atribución Musical 
Canción 02: Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, “Prague” Symphony

Nombre: Symphony No. 38 in D major 'Prague', K. 504 - I. Adagio-Allegro
Interprete: Das Orchester Tsumugi
Licencia: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/legalcode
Fuente: https://musopen.org/es/music/2479-symphony-no-38-in-d-major-prague-k-504/

Canción 03: Bedrich Smetana, Ma Vlast “The Moldau”

Nombre: Má vlast - Vltava
Interprete: Musopen Symphony
Licencia: https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/
Fuente: https://musopen.org/es/music/25719-ma-vlast-vltava-the-moldau/

Canción 04: Antonin Dvorak, “Leyends” 

Nombre: Legends, Op.59 - 2. Molto moderato (G major) (Orchestral version, B.122)
Interprete: Waterloo-Cedar Falls Symphony
Licencia: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/legalcode
Fuente: https://musopen.org/music/43282-legends-op-59/

Cancion 04: Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Symphony no. 40

Nombre: Symphony No.40 in G minor, K.550 - I. Molto allegro
Interprete:  Das Orchester Tsumugi
Licencia: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/legalcode
Fuente: https://musopen.org/music/1577-symphony-no-40-in-g-minor-k-550/

Cancion 05: Antonin Dvorak, “Rusalka” Opera

Nombre: Rusalka, Op. 114 - 'Song to the Moon'
Interprete: Zaira Soria
Licencia: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/legalcode
Fuente: https://musopen.org/music/4920-rusalka-op-114/


Canción 06: Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, “Prague” Symphony

Nombre: Symphony No. 38 in D major 'Prague', K. 504 - I. Adagio-Allegro
Interprete: Das Orchester Tsumugi
Licencia: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/legalcode
Fuente: https://musopen.org/es/music/2479-symphony-no-38-in-d-major-prague-k-504/


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 ♪♪ Good morning. We had stayed one more night in the hotel of that nice and beautiful place, Chesky Krumlov, to take the bus early in the morning, and arrive in about three hours, three long hours, to our wonderful destination, and so many times announced, because last time we were going there, but we stayed one more night, and we had to leave early. Prague, with all. ♪♪ So, arriving in Prague, what does arriving in Prague mean to me? I have been to Prague three times in my life, but I spent 20 years dreaming of going to Prague, the same I dreamed of going to Istanbul. Since I knew, I met and became aware of the process of the spring of Prague, I always wanted to go to the square of San Wenceslao, because I always wanted to be in the place where such a powerful disjunctive was given, that we have not yet been able to solve. I recommend that you listen to the series of the year 9, because in the series of the year 9, there is the whole process of the fall of the Berlin Wall, then there is the insurrection of 56 in Hungary, the complete process of the spring of Prague, until the fall of the Berlin Wall, therefore I am not going to tell you right now, because there it is developed in a complete way. But the point was that when I read that, when I knew, I was so moved and so amazed to understand how deep that question of the Czechs had been, that rights do not have to be fragmented, nor do they have to be in pieces, that people cannot just think and starve, or eat and remain silent. So the way they conciliated in their experiment, what would be a bridge point between communism and an opening in the face of capitalism, which they would call socialism with a human face, they leave us a look and a number of questions that to date we have not solved. That is, 30 years after the fall of the Berlin Wall and the revolution of the Third Reich, the question remains valid because the situation has worsened and at that time the Berlin Wall fell because the situation was unsustainable. So neither totally there nor totally here, in the middle we have not yet solved fundamental rights problems in the history of humanity. And the Czechoslovaks proposed a historical solution that at the time was crushed by the Soviet tanks. That was what led me to get there. The first time I arrived in Prague, because as I told you, I mix several trips, because I have been there three times, the first time I stayed crying on the bus because I had been trying to get there for 20 years and I was already on the bus in the square of San Wenceslao. So I got off at that moment completely moved to be able to reach those dreams, to those longed for destinations, to those destinations where my soul has already been there several times. And that was my first impression of Prague. And it turns out that one arrives in Prague and that is of a really impressive beauty. And it is, really, as I have said many times, and it is beautiful. And when I walked through the port of Charles IV, I closed my eyes and opened them again to see if a city like that was serious, if it was true, or if it was going to disappear before my eyes, because its beauty is so dazzling and so wonderful that one can hardly believe it. That was the first time, and at that time I made the first tour and I went to what at that time was the small museum of communism, which had at the entrance a matryoshka with teeth like Chucky, of terror, and it was made up of a small museum that had three parts. It was the dream of what they wanted, that they wanted socialism, the nightmare of what actually happened to them, and finally the revolution of Tertiopelo, when they began to build their own history with the idea of creating a different society for them. So, at that time it was small and it was very local, it was very homey. At that moment, today it is a tremendous museum, a much bigger thing. I saw a more intimate, less crowded Plaga, which has been getting more and more popular over time. At that time it was a little smaller, not in terms of city, but in terms of people. Then I came back on another occasion and I stayed there for very complex circumstances of life, one more week, which was my dream, and well, it did not end up being fulfilled as I thought, but that was when I explored it a little more and went to the wax museum, and it turns out that I found that wax museums are wonderful, because they represent the stories that the peoples want to tell about themselves. They are very interesting because it is the imaginary of a town. So there they had, for example, Einstein, and they had a terrace where all the people of the Soviet were. There were all the former Soviets, there was Brezhnev, there were all of them, and there was Tito, and there was Mao, and there was Stalin, and there was all his socialist past, but there was also, and naturally, Smetana, and there was also Borjak, and there was Jack Nicholson. Because the movie, The Outlaws, is taken to the cinema by this great director, Milos Foreman, who was the same one who made Here, who tells those great dreams that break at the moment of being realized. So they are also there, and obviously Carlos IV, because Carlos IV is, rather, the splendor, a bit like what that, well, Emperor Francisco José Aviena, who was the one who turned it into that huge and wonderful capital of the empire, well, it is Carlos IV, because Carlos IV was the one who overthrew the medieval cities, he made a big city with the four cities. In the towns, when the walls are built, you can see the damage they do and the horror they imply, because the Czechs are so original and so fantastic that what they did was to break down four walls to build a single city, because nothing divided them anymore, and Carlos IV turned it into the splendid jewel it is, and that bridge, which is from the other world, that bridge is fantastic, because you cross it and all the statues that have a great meaning in the history of Prague appear, and the centuries have been perfecting it, until walking around there, it is like walking through the legend. I have the feeling, I even commented on it at that moment, and someone who was behind me said that he agreed, that when you go to Prague, it is like, and when you return to Prague, and return again, it is like when you go to see a movie with your friends that fascinates you, and you could see it ten times, and you arrive and take your friends to the movie, and you are aware of each of the scenes that still move you from the movie, to see the reaction of the friends who for the first time see that movie that you like so much, that happens to me with Prague, I like it so much, that I am always looking to capture the amazement of the groups with which I have gone, to be able to look in their eyes the fascination of seeing it for the first time, to cross that bridge, the tower of the powder, the nights in Prague are wonderful, because as it is such a musical city, then people are playing all over the streets, they have played different stages, and in one of those trips I played all night, everywhere, people playing cellos, there is a very high musical level, and it is everywhere, and Smetana is everywhere, and my country, and Moldova, it is not that Moldova surrounds it all the time, since we are in Český, Moldova is there, from Český Krumlov, then we get here, and there is Moldova in all its splendor, the Ardeko, the Arnubó, but in the matter of Ardeko, this is an exquisiteness, because there are also all those stained-glass windows, which bring everything that was the mythology of the ancient Slavic peoples, who are going to create this imaginary of construction of a country, that they have dreamed of since the 19th century, and in the time of Romanticism, when they were part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, and they already dreamed of having their own country, and they would do it, with all the difficulties that we have seen, and that they have had to become in history. Then, Prague has many layers of history, like all these cities that I have told you, then on the one hand is the Prague of Ardeko, which is beautiful, there is this Prague also that has all the myths of their formation, as their future national state, they were in Bohemia, Bohemia was the capital of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, at a time, as we said last time, then they have all the splendor, of being the jewel of the Habsburgs, that is, beyond the infinite beauty of Vienna, which was the heart of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, the jewel, so the beauty, the titinesse, Prague, has all the consent and the beauty and the details, of who wants to carve a city in the legend of time, as Liuba said, who had said that one day, they were going to make a city so beautiful that it would reach the stars, the legend tells, and so it was. So there one sees the architecture of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, in all its baroque, its monumentality, but also sees the architecture of the reform, because there they found the reform, and all the, let's say, that powerful counter-reform, that opposition to any reform that the Habsburgs did, why are the protestants there? Because you go to the middle of the square, and in the middle of the square there is a monument, and it is the monument of Jan Hus, who is one of the first protestants of the reform. Jan Hus went to expose his thesis to the university, and it seems that they did not like it because they burned him alive, I mean, how, you understand me? How? You are going to propose a religious thought in an academy, and you end up incinerated, eh? That is going to generate a huge rebellion, which is going to be the Husita rebellion, and that is why the statue of Jan Hus is in the center of the square, because he is the testimony, let's say, of the protestant presence in the history of Prague, and that is also in an architecture that has some forms like envelopes, very particular, which is found with the baroque architecture, and so monumental, of the Haussburgs, and it gives this city that baroque touch, that touch of counter-reform, that touch of reform and that gothic touch, and that touch of art deco, all at once, all at once. Prague is a little box of music, literally speaking, so one goes through it and finds different moments of the history of the city. So there was, and there is a Jewish community, very important, there is the Jewish cemetery, to which Humberto Deco dedicated his novel, the Prague cemetery, there is the Jewish neighborhood, the Jewish community, which was very important, and of course, well, these people are also going to suffer the Holocaust, and the Holocaust is going to take them to a concentration camp called Tresin, which was like the fraud of the concentration camp system, because it was a camp to deceive people about what was happening in the concentration camps, it was where they took the intellectuals, and it was a facade, so that they thought it was a place of culture, when in reality it was a concentration camp, this is perverse, sinister and fraudulent, Tresin, it was close to that. And there is the whole Jewish neighborhood, and the Jewish neighborhood is very important, and there is the synagogue, and in the Jewish neighborhood, and in all of Prague. In all of Prague we are going to meet a character called the Golem. The Golem is a legend, a legend that we are going to see written everywhere, because his story is part of his tourism, so it goes like the Irish, who are telling you about their whole past, just like the history of tourism in Ireland is also in Prague. So, the Golem, who also, one finds the book translated into all languages, and the book writes it, among many other things, a character called Jan Neruda. Jan Neruda is a poet and a writer from the city, whose last name and whose admiration, Pablo Neruda, Neftali Reyes Baso Alto, is going to take this pseudonym, because his father did not want him to be a poet, and to be a poet he will be called Pablo Neruda, our Pablo Neruda. We are going to read the Golem, because this is a poem by Borges, completely impressive, and whenever we go to Prague we read the Golem. So, on this trip, on the last one I did there, we arrived in Prague, directly to the Jewish neighborhood, there was the hotel. So, before arriving in Prague, in Český Krumlov, we had already read the poem, so that when we arrived we were already settled in the Jewish world of Prague. It goes like this, by Jorge Luis Borges, If, as the Greek says in the Kratilo, the name is the archetype of the thing, in the letters of Rosa is the rose, and all the Nilo in the word Nilo, and made of consonants and vowels, there will be a terrible name that the essence whispers of God, and that the onomatopoeia keeps in the letters and syllables of the Kabbalah, Adam and the stars knew it in the garden, the erradumbre of the past, the Kabbalists say, has erased it and the generations have lost it, the artifices and the candor of man have no end, we know that there was a day when the people of God were looking for the name in the vigil of the Jewish community, not in the way of others that a vague shadow insinuates in the vague history, the memory of the Jew-lion that was Rabbi of Prague is still green and alive, thirsty to know if what God knows, Jew-lion gave in to the permutations of letters and complex variations, and finally pronounced the name that is the key, the door, the echo, the guest and the palace, on a doll that with clumsy hands he worked to teach him the arcane of the letters of time and space, the simulacrum raised the dreamy eyelids and saw shapes and colors that he did not understand, lost in rumors and rehearsed fearful movements, gradually he saw how we, imprisoned in that sound network of before, after, yesterday, while now, right, left, me, you, those others, the cabalist who gave the trade of Numen to the vast creature he nicknamed Golem, these true ones are referred to as Sholem in a docto-place of its volume, the Rabbi explained to him the universe, this is foot, this is my foot, this is yours, this is the rope, and he managed, after years, that the perverse barrier, good or bad, the synagogue, perhaps there was an error in the graph or in the articulation of the sacroname, despite so much sorcery, the man-learner did not learn to speak, his eyes, less of a man than of a dog, and a lot less of a dog than of a thing, guided the Rabbi through the doubtful darkness of the pieces of the confinement, something abnormal and rough was in the Golem, since in his step the Rabbi's cat was hiding, that cat is not in Sholem, but through time he guessed it, a beautiful Borges picardía. Raising to God filial hands, the devotions of his God he trusted, O stupid and smiling, he was hollowed out in the concave oriental almas. The Rabbi looked at him with tenderness and some horror. As it was said, this painful son can be generated, and inaction leaves what is the cordura? Why did he add to infamy, it would be one more symbol? Why did he give to the vain skein, that in the eternal he devours, something else, of another effect and of another quita? In the hour of anguish and in the vague light, in his Golem the eyes stopped. What would he tell us of the things that God felt when he looked at his Rabbi from Prague? This is wonderful because the legend of the Golem is that the Rabbi León had created a creature that protected the Jewish community from the continuous attacks and the pogroms of those who were and have been victims in history. Then they created a creature with a spell of clay and blew it, giving it a divine breath, so that it could protect the Jews. But then it turns out that the Golem never learned to speak, it was an imperfect creature and he had to put the papyrus, the manuscript, he had to put it in his mouth every night. That's how he played. But one day the daughter of the Rabbi got sick, she had a fever, and the Rabbi did not put the papyrus, the manuscript, in his mouth so the spell that kept him in a certain level of sanity did not fulfill and the Golem went crazy and attacked the synagogue and attacked everything. It was totally disastrous and it had to be reduced again to nothing where it came from and keep the spell forever. It was a failed attempt to protect a creature that was a Jew and a failed attempt to protect a creature that was not God but the man who created it. The wonderful thing about Borges' poem, which always moves me so much, is that just as the Rabbi was ashamed of this imperfect creature, who did not deserve to be what he dreamed of and could be a protector for his people, what would God think of the Rabbi? What would God think of us humans, that in his eyes we could be so imperfect and so frustratingly different from his own dream, such as having created humanity, that simile of God disappointed with humanity, looking at us with this imperfection, horror and shame, with which the Rabbi looks at the Golem. So, you see that over there and this legend is everywhere. And I start to see that city that also has a Museum of Musha, they call it Musha, which is this artist who has these elongated women with those huge, long, golden, red hair. It is everywhere, it is very popular in the iconography of what it has to do with the city. You have surely seen it everywhere and great admirers have Musha too. And a small museum of Dali, where there are some small jewels that are not seen, but there in that square, in that wonderful square, where this huge cathedral is, and in that cathedral there is the clock. And the clock is an allegory of death, vanity, life, old age, because every hour the clock is a medieval clock, which is composed of different drums and some figures that appear, which tell the metaphors of the plague, death, life, old age. And they appear every hour and that is a show and one gets paralyzed every time the clock is going to ring, because it is there with that look of a clock that has any number of centuries. So one walks through the streets of Prague and they are all surprises, they are all beauties, they are all wonders, all their little shops, the famous Bohemian glass. And well, if one goes to Prague, one has to see the black theater, one has to see the black theater because that is one of the great arts of the Czechs, which is a theater where all the figures are dressed in black, on a black background, and on top of them there are phosphorescent figures that, transposed on the black, give the feeling that they will float in the air as if the colors moved by themselves. It is a particular artistic creation of them that one should never stop seeing when one goes to Prague, one goes to see the black theater of Prague. They in art, they in theater, they in music, they in architecture, they in history, they in politics, they in the genius of life, they who are absolutely original in all their way of conceiving the universe, between astronomy and legend, are the people of Prague. This episode comes to you with the support and thanks to the Bank of the Republic. For all those who do not live in Colombia, I tell you that the Bank of the Republic is not only a bank as such, but it is a very strong support for culture in Colombia. The Bank of the Republic has a presence in 29 cities in the country, in the form of art museums, gold museums, libraries and many other cultural projects. One of those projects is the one I want to tell you about, and it is the Cultural and Bibliographic Bulletin. The Cultural and Bibliographic Bulletin is a publication that has reviews and articles. The reviews are of the Colombian publishing production, and in each number they are telling us what is being produced in this country. The articles are thematic articles of, for example, the women in science, which is the one I have here, or the women in history. And it has a whole story, because this bulletin starts from 1958, when it was a bridge between Colombia and what was happening in the world. When what they did was review authors who were just being published in the French or English literature. Over time, it began to focus much more on Colombian authors, and very prominent people have passed through here, such as María Mercedes Carranza, Héctor Abad Faciolince, such as Evelio Rosero, such as José Luis Mora, such as Beatriz González, Beatriz Elena Robledo, Jesús Antonio Bejarano, Álvaro Miranda, Jorge Salamea, Héctor Rojas Heraso. In short, a large number of our huge feathers have passed through the articles of this bulletin. I tell you all this story because the bulletin, on the one hand, is digitized. You can consult it, there are all the articles, that is very nice, but it turns out that this bulletin is so beautiful, so beautiful that it is worth having it physically. This has international shipments. To have it physically, you buy it for a value of 8,000 pesos, which is a symbolic value for the amount of work behind it. And also, if you subscribe, each copy will come out for a lower cost. And for that to happen, you have to fill out a form, those notes are left in the notes of the episode, the link to fill out the form and the link to consult it digitally. But I really recommend that you have the physical object because it has a wonderful job. Above all, the illustrations are particularly beautiful. And that was what I wanted to tell you and give a thank you to the people who have helped me. And that was what I wanted to tell you and give a thank you to the Bank of the Republic for supporting our podcast. We continue with the episode. So, one goes to the castle. The castle is in the middle of the city, that is, the castle is very large. And that castle has seen the whole history of the city. Then there is the famous window. The famous window where they unwinded the delegates of the Habsburgs. It turns out that throughout the time of the rebellions and all that, one day two delegates from the Habsburgs arrived to convince those of the city to ally with them at a given moment. And they, to tell them that they did not agree, despite belonging to the empire, that they did not agree, they threw them out the window, they unwinded them. It is the second because there was already another unwinding. They did not die, the unwinded, but fell on a quantity of manure and straw that was there. But the Habsburgs felt so absolutely offended, so offended, that they waged a war that would last 30 years and devastated Bohemia, which at that time was flourishing and splendid. The Thirty Years' War is going to be one of the most terrifying stories of this town. And in fact, all of Europe got involved in the Thirty Years' War because it was one of the most terrible and devastating moments of the whole city that they had built with so much love and that they had created. All of these cities have known absolute destruction, very great destructions, wars of enormous levels, because, as I say, they are in the middle of the divisions of the empires. They have known their great moments and they have known their most terrible moments. So, the Thirty Years' War is one of the most terrible memories of the city. It is one of the memories where it feels like they knew the ashes and reappeared as this wonderful city that they would later be. So, one goes to see the castle. The castle is a transposition of all the different eras of the history of Prague. It is an absolutely obligatory visit because there is the heart of the city in its different stages. So, there is the square, there is the castle, and in the square there is a lot of little cafes. And it turns out that there are a lot of little cafes that were those cafes where Milan Kundera, the writer of the city, wrote. So, one goes there and reads the unbearable lightness of being there in Prague and walks through the work of Kundera, who after the dream of the spring was so abruptly cut by the entry of the Soviet tanks to Prague in 1968, at the end of this spring, which was looking for a new way of understanding politics and society, he wrote a novel called La Broma, because it turns out that the way they were treated was to take away from writers and artists the possibility of exercising their trades, their gifts and their arts in a town as artistic as this and put them to do trades that were totally insignificant and meaningless to them, as a way of killing their soul. That's why it's called La Broma. So, that's when I told them that many of them went to Český Krumlov, because things in Prague got heated up. Then they took their passports away, they left them buried alive with a broken dream on a land that wanted to conquer the stars through hope. And what they found was a very big aggression. So, when the Soviet tanks arrived, they couldn't stand up to them because the Hungarians had already tried and they passed them over. So, it was that symbolic resistance that they did from Moscow, 1200 km from Prague, through graffiti all over the city, saying, Lenin, wake up, everyone has gone crazy. And that wound from that broken dream, from that broken utopia, in such a terrible way, can be seen in the city along with the monument to Jan Pállok and his friend, who, a year after the tanks' raid in Prague, set fire to the square in San Wenceslao and burned alive in protest against the Soviet invasion of Prague. And there are the graves of the two of them in the square. The square in San Wenceslao is the political heart of the city. Every time something happens, it happens in the square in San Wenceslao. That's why, in the spring, Alexander Dubček, the architect's man, who built it, said, let's meet there. When we meet, and the national anthem is played, everyone will have gone mad. And that's why, later, when the revolution of Tertiopelo happened, they met again there. And Alexander Dubček said this morning, Gorbachev said on the radio, that the perestroika was socialism with a human face. That is, everything they had dreamed of, Gorbachev tried to do it when it was too late, when history could not be returned. And the time of the reforms had already passed, it was time for the whole regime to fall, because the time was different at that time. So, that's the political place, and there is the Cathedral of San Vito, another of the great patrons of Prague. That's the place where the whole manifestation of the Czech soul is located, in the political. So, it is full of all these details, of the markets, of the music in the streets, of that arch that one crosses through the Tower of the Dust to enter the heart of the city, the square, that every night it offers different forms, they have some ways of illuminating it, let's say that it is never totally illuminated and never leaves the darkness. They can do it at the same time, it is as illuminated as mysterious, as gothic, as gloomy. Because Prague is all these contrasts. And in Prague is another of the great, great, Kafka. It turns out that Kafka was very neurotic, you could imagine it from what he writes, and it turns out that Kafka, in the impressive neurosis he had, made noise everywhere, everywhere he felt that he could not write there, that he could not write. So, he constantly changed apartments, rooms, and that makes the whole city name him, because he was everywhere. So, now, at that time everything was so polarized, in a way, that many did not want him because he had written in German. But he said, well, what do we do? He wrote in German and anyway he is one of the great writers of the city. And one of the signatures of Prague is Kafka. And there is the Kafka Museum and there is also the statue, a particular, rare, strange statue that one crosses and from there on the Jewish community begins, everything that was the Jewish neighborhood and the synagogue. That synagogue that one sees there, there in that synagogue is where the legend of the golem takes place. So, in Prague are the legends, and in Prague are the dreams, and in Prague are the imaginations. So, all the mythological figures of a Slavic people that will one day become a state and that also has old ties with Celtic peoples. It is also where the golem is in the Jewish community and the cemetery of Prague, in the novel by Humberto Eco. And it is also where all that world that Kafka made there is. And all those stories that cross the castle and the cathedral of Zambito. All that is creating a monumentality and such beauty, which is a set of stories, of architecture, of poetry, of music, of dreams. They are tremendously dreamers, they dreamed of a state, they had it, they distributed it, they invaded it, they had it, they have it, they finally achieved it. And then it is when they separate from the Slovaks, as I was telling you in our Slovakia trip, without, I mean, everything is fine, without getting angry at all. Let's say these historical solutions that they have, that from their own interiority are able to transform things without spilling drops of blood. Because if you see, they have not exercised violence. Violence has been exercised against them. Yes, because they have been invaded, they have been distributed, but they, among themselves, have achieved some important agreements to be and to separate, to form the Czechoslovak Republic, to separate into Czechoslovaks and Slovaks, to dream of a spring that was made from a new look at the world, to unite four cities that no longer separated, to build worlds that no one imagined. Prague is beautiful and it is conceptual, because it also has all this amount of pronunciations about the possible different historical views, how they conceive them, to climb the tower and look from there. This jewel of the architecture of the world is a wonderful privilege. Drinking beer, which is another of the jewels and the great pride of the Czechs and Slovaks, is that they are hard beer drinkers, of tradition, of all life, their liquors. There is a sweet liqueur, pejaroshka, which is delicious, that one also drinks it in the streets or in the square. Absinthe, with all its spirits and elves, is found in the liquor stores on the streets of Prague. So, to travel through Prague is to travel through all this amount of different dreams, stuck in alleys, stuck in cafes, stuck in all these stories that are found between literature, between the dream, modern buildings with totally unimaginable unusual shapes. I mean, they can be incredibly modern, things that one would see in Tokyo, for example. They are seen there, in a part that is a little more modern than the city, where you go on the tram that crosses the whole city. This is a jazz city. It is a jazz city because jazz was resistance. During the Soviet era, a way to oppose the invasion was through playing in the low backgrounds, in the jazz bars. Even Clinton, once, after the wall fell and all that, played saxophone there. They have the bar where Clinton played. They also have rock bars because they are musicians, musicians of everything. So, the music that we call classical music, which for them is a music of inspiration of their national dream, which is Borgiaki Aspetana and the New World Symphony, and in my country, in Bolnavia. That is heard everywhere. But apart from listening to that, and apart from listening to Mozart, who was also playing there at another time in life and history, there is also that world of jazz that generated a whole tradition there, and there are also rock bars. So, the night brings the music, and the music brings the streets and the small bars and the places where you can find the different musical traditions that always inspire a people that carries music in their soul and that has an impressive talent. I always tell them to watch the movie Collier, because it is a beautiful way to show the days when the Soviet regime fell in Prague, with the third hair of history, that movie, in a rara. And you also have to watch it, it is unbearable, the identity of being in the cinema, because of watching it, and reading it, because of reading Kundera and his mastery. So, all of that is Prague. Prague is all those places, Prague is all those corners, Prague is the pearl of the underworld, Prague is Bohemia, Prague is the avant-garde of the beginning of the century in architecture, Prague is music in its greatest splendor, Prague is the spring in its political what-to-do, the revolution of third hair, in its way of transforming history, without violence, but from the intelligence of conceptualization. It is very important to learn from them, because they are able to see moments, worlds, beyond what they have in the present, and do it without violence. You have to look at the heart of these people, because they have a way of conceiving the universe, very particular and very proper. At that moment, in the last trip I made there, in 2019, and the 30th anniversary of the fall of the Berlin Wall, at that moment there was a tribute to all those who made that moment in history possible. So, there was a huge photo of Havel, a playwright, a playwright, 12 years in prison, for having opposed during the springtime, he would be the president of Czechoslovakia and then of Czechia, when the wall fell. So, there is everything that is Havel, all the leaders of the world, all the Czechs who left, all those who with the keys went to the square and, moving the keys, said that the Soviet time of history had come and the time of the Czechs had begun. Now, precisely in these days, when there is a huge demonstration in Belarus to end a 26-year mandate, which is not that it threatens to be eternalized in power, but that it became eternalized in power, the Czechs have also gone to the bridge, to the bridge of Charles IV, to show solidarity with that attempt at freedom that the Belarusians are fighting at this moment. And because they always, let's say, encourage the hearts of the peoples who seek their freedom in different ways, because they have sought theirs and have lost it several times. That is, they have escaped from the hands, many times, that autonomy and that power to be Czech, which they have had to make valid in so many ways, because from the empires that invaded them, to the Third Reich that divided them, along with the explicit complicity of the West, going through the Soviet invasion, they have lived many times the different oppressions and the different divisions, and therefore, their heart beats at the pace of those who have to face similar situations, as is happening to Belarus at this moment, which is looking for its own place in history and is at this moment in the idea of being able to do, peacefully, with a fine spirit that they have lived, that is why they are being supported, a way to get rid of an eternal power. So, the Czechs are all that, they are deeply political, they are poetic, they also have their gastronomy, their culture, their particular way of being Czech. So, Prague could seem like a tourist capital to them, and it certainly is, and many times it is full of people, because it is a jewel, but Prague is much more than that, Prague is the mystery, Prague is the light and dark, Prague is all those different corners that reveal a city that is subject to all the forces of history, and it is there in the synagogues, and in the point where the drawings that the children made in the concentration camps, as one of the most heartbreaking testimonies of the passage of the Holocaust through the city, we do not get rid of that in any part of the trip, because those are the scenarios where these things happened, so, in no way are we going to get away from the shadows, the shadows always haunt us, and in Prague we are going to see in the buildings these copper plates that indicate how many people from the Jewish community were taken out of that building, from those apartments, and taken to the concentration camps, what I told you, that in Berlin it is everywhere, that is seen in Prague like this, that is, we have seen all this throughout the trip, because they are the shoes on the riverbank, in Budapest, like the plates, there, in Prague, that is, let's say, it is all the step of infamy that was also going through there, these peoples are between light and shadow, between poetry and the horror of history, then they were not destroyed in the Second World War, and that is still a blessing for humanity, that they were not destroyed, let's say, this terrible division, somehow made them not be bombed, because that if it had been completely unimaginable to bomb Prague, that would have been one thing that, thank goodness, we did not have to live, their last destructions date from 1600 and not from modern times, but their deaths were in the soul, and they were poetic and terrible, and their resurrections too. Today they seek their destiny like all the other peoples in history, they have also had terrible corruption phenomena, like all the other countries, they have not gotten rid of the problems that today we complain about, but they are looking for solutions like all of us, they are looking for other moments in history like all of us, but they have been forging and trying to be for 30 years anyway, what they have always wanted to be, an independent and high-rising people, with their own projects, with their own views of the world. So, walking through Prague is a unique space, and that is a wonderful place to end our journey through the Austro-Hungarian Empire. That is a wonderful place, around Prague and in the Czech Republic, there are those swimming pools where people used to take thermal baths, from which so many novels were made, like the ones written by Thomas Mann in The Magic Mountain, and also where Kafka went in his time, in the times of tuberculosis, by Karl Vibarri and Marian Watt. All of this in a place in history that looks like a crystal ball in time, which is the Czech Republic and the city of Prague. So, in the city of Prague, where all these wonders happen, where history, poetry, music, idealism, dream, politics, society, gothic, beauty, architecture, it is there, in the darkness of the nights of Prague, with the cellos that are its ambient sound, in that magnificent place where we end our journey through the Austro-Hungarian Empire. There, we go to the airport, the group returns from the airport to Frankfurt via Bogotá, I go to Berlin, because I am looking at the moments before the fall of the wall. My soul goes to that celebration of the 30 years in which history changed once again for all these peoples. But our journey through the Austro-Hungarian Empire, our gazes at Poland, at everything that was Warsaw, Krakow, Zakopane, Budapest, all these wonders, Bratislava, Vienna, Český Krumlov, all this ends at the highest point, in the splendor of Prague. And there, at that point, our journey ends. So, with this and the Ottoman Empire symbolized in Istanbul, in the European part, you understand, along with the trip to the Balkans, what the heart of Europe is about, where the true winds of what will be the gravitation of Europe are cooked. We are used to hearing many more stories from the English, many more stories from the Spaniards, or many more stories from the Italians. We do not know to a large extent how the heart of Europe beats in all these places and leads us to so many stories of what was one of the most powerful, most important and most forging empires in the history of Europe, which was the Austro-Hungarian Empire. And with this we end our journey. Through these beautiful, beautiful, glorious, dark and contradictory places in the history of the Europeans, the Slavic peoples, the Germanic peoples, the Mayan peoples and all those who composed this varied empire, which had esotericism as well as great Catholic fervors and which has a heart of art that crosses it from one end to the other. So here, at this moment, we end this journey and we are looking forward to other destinations that we will know next week. So, from the spaces of the Tower of the Clock, of the Plaza de San Wenceslao, of the Golem, of the Statue of the Jusitas, of the Clock, of the Point of the Round where you look at the Tower, of the Cafés, of the Great Castle, of all the evocations, of the Utopia, of the Broken Dreams, of the Poets, from the spaces of Kundera and Kafka and from all this symbolic, poetic, architectural and wonderful universe that this city means, unique in history and in the world, in the narration of Ana Uribe. And for you, happy day, whatever day it is. I want to remind you that on the page www.dianauribe.fm you can find the notes and the playlist of the songs that we mentioned during the episode, so that you can listen to them, enjoy them, enjoy them. This podcast was possible thanks to the team of La Casa de la Historia, Diana Suárez, Milena Beltrán, Daniel Moreno. It was recorded at Los Gatos Studio, edited and musicalized by Eduardo Corredor Fonseca of Rueda Sonido and always with the strong and powerful help of Santiago Espinosa Uribe and Laura Rojas Aponte of the podcast Cosas de Internet.
[{"start": 0.0, "end": 29.0, "text": " \u266a\u266a"}, {"start": 29.0, "end": 31.0, "text": " Good morning."}, {"start": 31.0, "end": 38.0, "text": " We had stayed one more night in the hotel of that nice and beautiful place,"}, {"start": 38.0, "end": 44.0, "text": " Chesky Krumlov, to take the bus early in the morning,"}, {"start": 44.0, "end": 49.0, "text": " and arrive in about three hours, three long hours,"}, {"start": 49.0, "end": 54.0, "text": " to our wonderful destination, and so many times announced,"}, {"start": 54.0, "end": 58.0, "text": " because last time we were going there, but we stayed one more night,"}, {"start": 58.0, "end": 61.0, "text": " and we had to leave early. Prague, with all."}, {"start": 61.0, "end": 71.0, "text": " \u266a\u266a"}, {"start": 71.0, "end": 75.0, "text": " So, arriving in Prague, what does arriving in Prague mean to me?"}, {"start": 75.0, "end": 79.0, "text": " I have been to Prague three times in my life,"}, {"start": 79.0, "end": 82.0, "text": " but I spent 20 years dreaming of going to Prague,"}, {"start": 82.0, "end": 85.0, "text": " the same I dreamed of going to Istanbul."}, {"start": 85.0, "end": 91.0, "text": " Since I knew, I met and became aware of the process of the spring of Prague,"}, {"start": 91.0, "end": 94.0, "text": " I always wanted to go to the square of San Wenceslao,"}, {"start": 94.0, "end": 102.0, "text": " because I always wanted to be in the place where such a powerful disjunctive was given,"}, {"start": 102.0, "end": 104.0, "text": " that we have not yet been able to solve."}, {"start": 104.0, "end": 108.0, "text": " I recommend that you listen to the series of the year 9,"}, {"start": 108.0, "end": 114.0, "text": " because in the series of the year 9, there is the whole process of the fall of the Berlin Wall,"}, {"start": 114.0, "end": 118.0, "text": " then there is the insurrection of 56 in Hungary,"}, {"start": 118.0, "end": 121.0, "text": " the complete process of the spring of Prague,"}, {"start": 121.0, "end": 124.0, "text": " until the fall of the Berlin Wall,"}, {"start": 124.0, "end": 127.0, "text": " therefore I am not going to tell you right now,"}, {"start": 127.0, "end": 131.0, "text": " because there it is developed in a complete way."}, {"start": 131.0, "end": 135.0, "text": " But the point was that when I read that, when I knew,"}, {"start": 135.0, "end": 140.0, "text": " I was so moved and so amazed to understand"}, {"start": 140.0, "end": 144.0, "text": " how deep that question of the Czechs had been,"}, {"start": 144.0, "end": 150.0, "text": " that rights do not have to be fragmented, nor do they have to be in pieces,"}, {"start": 150.0, "end": 158.0, "text": " that people cannot just think and starve, or eat and remain silent."}, {"start": 158.0, "end": 164.0, "text": " So the way they conciliated in their experiment,"}, {"start": 164.0, "end": 172.0, "text": " what would be a bridge point between communism and an opening"}, {"start": 172.0, "end": 177.0, "text": " in the face of capitalism, which they would call socialism with a human face,"}, {"start": 177.0, "end": 183.0, "text": " they leave us a look and a number of questions that to date we have not solved."}, {"start": 183.0, "end": 188.0, "text": " That is, 30 years after the fall of the Berlin Wall and the revolution of the Third Reich,"}, {"start": 188.0, "end": 192.0, "text": " the question remains valid because the situation has worsened"}, {"start": 192.0, "end": 196.0, "text": " and at that time the Berlin Wall fell because the situation was unsustainable."}, {"start": 196.0, "end": 199.0, "text": " So neither totally there nor totally here,"}, {"start": 199.0, "end": 203.0, "text": " in the middle we have not yet solved fundamental rights problems"}, {"start": 203.0, "end": 205.0, "text": " in the history of humanity."}, {"start": 205.0, "end": 208.0, "text": " And the Czechoslovaks proposed a historical solution"}, {"start": 208.0, "end": 212.0, "text": " that at the time was crushed by the Soviet tanks."}, {"start": 212.0, "end": 216.0, "text": " That was what led me to get there."}, {"start": 216.0, "end": 222.0, "text": " The first time I arrived in Prague, because as I told you, I mix several trips,"}, {"start": 222.0, "end": 227.0, "text": " because I have been there three times, the first time I stayed crying on the bus"}, {"start": 227.0, "end": 233.0, "text": " because I had been trying to get there for 20 years and I was already on the bus in the square of San Wenceslao."}, {"start": 233.0, "end": 239.0, "text": " So I got off at that moment completely moved to be able to reach those dreams,"}, {"start": 239.0, "end": 246.0, "text": " to those longed for destinations, to those destinations where my soul has already been there several times."}, {"start": 246.0, "end": 249.0, "text": " And that was my first impression of Prague."}, {"start": 249.0, "end": 255.0, "text": " And it turns out that one arrives in Prague and that is of a really impressive beauty."}, {"start": 255.0, "end": 259.0, "text": " And it is, really, as I have said many times, and it is beautiful."}, {"start": 259.0, "end": 263.0, "text": " And when I walked through the port of Charles IV,"}, {"start": 263.0, "end": 269.0, "text": " I closed my eyes and opened them again to see if a city like that was serious, if it was true,"}, {"start": 269.0, "end": 272.0, "text": " or if it was going to disappear before my eyes,"}, {"start": 272.0, "end": 293.0, "text": " because its beauty is so dazzling and so wonderful that one can hardly believe it."}, {"start": 303.0, "end": 309.0, "text": " That was the first time, and at that time I made the first tour"}, {"start": 309.0, "end": 313.0, "text": " and I went to what at that time was the small museum of communism,"}, {"start": 313.0, "end": 319.0, "text": " which had at the entrance a matryoshka with teeth like Chucky, of terror,"}, {"start": 319.0, "end": 323.0, "text": " and it was made up of a small museum that had three parts."}, {"start": 323.0, "end": 328.0, "text": " It was the dream of what they wanted, that they wanted socialism,"}, {"start": 328.0, "end": 334.0, "text": " the nightmare of what actually happened to them, and finally the revolution of Tertiopelo,"}, {"start": 334.0, "end": 342.0, "text": " when they began to build their own history with the idea of creating a different society for them."}, {"start": 342.0, "end": 348.0, "text": " So, at that time it was small and it was very local, it was very homey."}, {"start": 348.0, "end": 355.0, "text": " At that moment, today it is a tremendous museum, a much bigger thing."}, {"start": 355.0, "end": 362.0, "text": " I saw a more intimate, less crowded Plaga,"}, {"start": 362.0, "end": 366.0, "text": " which has been getting more and more popular over time."}, {"start": 366.0, "end": 374.0, "text": " At that time it was a little smaller, not in terms of city, but in terms of people."}, {"start": 374.0, "end": 382.0, "text": " Then I came back on another occasion and I stayed there for very complex circumstances of life,"}, {"start": 382.0, "end": 388.0, "text": " one more week, which was my dream, and well, it did not end up being fulfilled as I thought,"}, {"start": 388.0, "end": 393.0, "text": " but that was when I explored it a little more and went to the wax museum,"}, {"start": 393.0, "end": 397.0, "text": " and it turns out that I found that wax museums are wonderful,"}, {"start": 397.0, "end": 402.0, "text": " because they represent the stories that the peoples want to tell about themselves."}, {"start": 402.0, "end": 405.0, "text": " They are very interesting because it is the imaginary of a town."}, {"start": 405.0, "end": 411.0, "text": " So there they had, for example, Einstein, and they had a terrace where all the people of the Soviet were."}, {"start": 411.0, "end": 417.0, "text": " There were all the former Soviets, there was Brezhnev, there were all of them,"}, {"start": 417.0, "end": 422.0, "text": " and there was Tito, and there was Mao, and there was Stalin, and there was all his socialist past,"}, {"start": 422.0, "end": 430.0, "text": " but there was also, and naturally, Smetana, and there was also Borjak, and there was Jack Nicholson."}, {"start": 430.0, "end": 437.0, "text": " Because the movie, The Outlaws, is taken to the cinema by this great director,"}, {"start": 437.0, "end": 445.0, "text": " Milos Foreman, who was the same one who made Here, who tells those great dreams that break at the moment of being realized."}, {"start": 445.0, "end": 454.0, "text": " So they are also there, and obviously Carlos IV, because Carlos IV is, rather, the splendor,"}, {"start": 454.0, "end": 461.0, "text": " a bit like what that, well, Emperor Francisco Jos\u00e9 Aviena,"}, {"start": 461.0, "end": 467.0, "text": " who was the one who turned it into that huge and wonderful capital of the empire, well, it is Carlos IV,"}, {"start": 467.0, "end": 474.0, "text": " because Carlos IV was the one who overthrew the medieval cities, he made a big city with the four cities."}, {"start": 474.0, "end": 482.0, "text": " In the towns, when the walls are built, you can see the damage they do and the horror they imply,"}, {"start": 482.0, "end": 487.0, "text": " because the Czechs are so original and so fantastic that what they did was to break down four walls"}, {"start": 487.0, "end": 494.0, "text": " to build a single city, because nothing divided them anymore, and Carlos IV turned it into the splendid jewel it is,"}, {"start": 494.0, "end": 500.0, "text": " and that bridge, which is from the other world, that bridge is fantastic, because you cross it"}, {"start": 500.0, "end": 507.0, "text": " and all the statues that have a great meaning in the history of Prague appear,"}, {"start": 507.0, "end": 514.0, "text": " and the centuries have been perfecting it, until walking around there, it is like walking through the legend."}, {"start": 514.0, "end": 522.0, "text": " I have the feeling, I even commented on it at that moment, and someone who was behind me said"}, {"start": 522.0, "end": 528.0, "text": " that he agreed, that when you go to Prague, it is like, and when you return to Prague, and return again,"}, {"start": 528.0, "end": 536.0, "text": " it is like when you go to see a movie with your friends that fascinates you, and you could see it ten times,"}, {"start": 536.0, "end": 542.0, "text": " and you arrive and take your friends to the movie, and you are aware of each of the scenes"}, {"start": 542.0, "end": 547.0, "text": " that still move you from the movie, to see the reaction of the friends who for the first time"}, {"start": 547.0, "end": 552.0, "text": " see that movie that you like so much, that happens to me with Prague, I like it so much,"}, {"start": 552.0, "end": 558.0, "text": " that I am always looking to capture the amazement of the groups with which I have gone,"}, {"start": 558.0, "end": 562.0, "text": " to be able to look in their eyes the fascination of seeing it for the first time,"}, {"start": 562.0, "end": 568.0, "text": " to cross that bridge, the tower of the powder, the nights in Prague are wonderful,"}, {"start": 568.0, "end": 572.0, "text": " because as it is such a musical city, then people are playing all over the streets,"}, {"start": 572.0, "end": 577.0, "text": " they have played different stages, and in one of those trips I played all night,"}, {"start": 577.0, "end": 584.0, "text": " everywhere, people playing cellos, there is a very high musical level, and it is everywhere,"}, {"start": 584.0, "end": 591.0, "text": " and Smetana is everywhere, and my country, and Moldova, it is not that Moldova surrounds it all the time,"}, {"start": 591.0, "end": 598.0, "text": " since we are in \u010cesk\u00fd, Moldova is there, from \u010cesk\u00fd Krumlov, then we get here,"}, {"start": 598.0, "end": 606.0, "text": " and there is Moldova in all its splendor, the Ardeko, the Arnub\u00f3, but in the matter of Ardeko,"}, {"start": 606.0, "end": 613.0, "text": " this is an exquisiteness, because there are also all those stained-glass windows,"}, {"start": 613.0, "end": 621.0, "text": " which bring everything that was the mythology of the ancient Slavic peoples,"}, {"start": 621.0, "end": 627.0, "text": " who are going to create this imaginary of construction of a country,"}, {"start": 627.0, "end": 631.0, "text": " that they have dreamed of since the 19th century, and in the time of Romanticism,"}, {"start": 631.0, "end": 636.0, "text": " when they were part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, and they already dreamed of having their own country,"}, {"start": 636.0, "end": 641.0, "text": " and they would do it, with all the difficulties that we have seen,"}, {"start": 641.0, "end": 644.0, "text": " and that they have had to become in history."}, {"start": 662.0, "end": 668.0, "text": " Then, Prague has many layers of history, like all these cities that I have told you,"}, {"start": 668.0, "end": 675.0, "text": " then on the one hand is the Prague of Ardeko, which is beautiful,"}, {"start": 675.0, "end": 679.0, "text": " there is this Prague also that has all the myths of their formation,"}, {"start": 679.0, "end": 683.0, "text": " as their future national state, they were in Bohemia,"}, {"start": 683.0, "end": 687.0, "text": " Bohemia was the capital of the Austro-Hungarian Empire,"}, {"start": 687.0, "end": 692.0, "text": " at a time, as we said last time, then they have all the splendor,"}, {"start": 692.0, "end": 697.0, "text": " of being the jewel of the Habsburgs, that is, beyond the infinite beauty of Vienna,"}, {"start": 697.0, "end": 700.0, "text": " which was the heart of the Austro-Hungarian Empire,"}, {"start": 700.0, "end": 704.0, "text": " the jewel, so the beauty, the titinesse, Prague,"}, {"start": 704.0, "end": 709.0, "text": " has all the consent and the beauty and the details,"}, {"start": 709.0, "end": 713.0, "text": " of who wants to carve a city in the legend of time,"}, {"start": 713.0, "end": 717.0, "text": " as Liuba said, who had said that one day,"}, {"start": 717.0, "end": 720.0, "text": " they were going to make a city so beautiful that it would reach the stars,"}, {"start": 720.0, "end": 722.0, "text": " the legend tells, and so it was."}, {"start": 722.0, "end": 727.0, "text": " So there one sees the architecture of the Austro-Hungarian Empire,"}, {"start": 727.0, "end": 731.0, "text": " in all its baroque, its monumentality,"}, {"start": 731.0, "end": 735.0, "text": " but also sees the architecture of the reform,"}, {"start": 735.0, "end": 738.0, "text": " because there they found the reform,"}, {"start": 738.0, "end": 744.0, "text": " and all the, let's say, that powerful counter-reform,"}, {"start": 744.0, "end": 748.0, "text": " that opposition to any reform that the Habsburgs did,"}, {"start": 748.0, "end": 753.0, "text": " why are the protestants there? Because you go to the middle of the square,"}, {"start": 753.0, "end": 755.0, "text": " and in the middle of the square there is a monument,"}, {"start": 755.0, "end": 757.0, "text": " and it is the monument of Jan Hus,"}, {"start": 757.0, "end": 760.0, "text": " who is one of the first protestants of the reform."}, {"start": 760.0, "end": 764.0, "text": " Jan Hus went to expose his thesis to the university,"}, {"start": 764.0, "end": 767.0, "text": " and it seems that they did not like it because they burned him alive,"}, {"start": 767.0, "end": 770.0, "text": " I mean, how, you understand me? How?"}, {"start": 770.0, "end": 776.0, "text": " You are going to propose a religious thought in an academy,"}, {"start": 776.0, "end": 778.0, "text": " and you end up incinerated, eh?"}, {"start": 778.0, "end": 781.0, "text": " That is going to generate a huge rebellion,"}, {"start": 781.0, "end": 783.0, "text": " which is going to be the Husita rebellion,"}, {"start": 783.0, "end": 790.0, "text": " and that is why the statue of Jan Hus is in the center of the square,"}, {"start": 790.0, "end": 795.0, "text": " because he is the testimony, let's say, of the protestant presence in the history of Prague,"}, {"start": 795.0, "end": 799.0, "text": " and that is also in an architecture that has some forms like envelopes,"}, {"start": 799.0, "end": 803.0, "text": " very particular, which is found with the baroque architecture,"}, {"start": 803.0, "end": 807.0, "text": " and so monumental, of the Haussburgs,"}, {"start": 807.0, "end": 811.0, "text": " and it gives this city that baroque touch, that touch of counter-reform,"}, {"start": 811.0, "end": 813.0, "text": " that touch of reform and that gothic touch,"}, {"start": 813.0, "end": 817.0, "text": " and that touch of art deco, all at once, all at once."}, {"start": 817.0, "end": 823.0, "text": " Prague is a little box of music, literally speaking,"}, {"start": 823.0, "end": 831.0, "text": " so one goes through it and finds different moments of the history of the city."}, {"start": 831.0, "end": 836.0, "text": " So there was, and there is a Jewish community, very important,"}, {"start": 836.0, "end": 842.0, "text": " there is the Jewish cemetery, to which Humberto Deco dedicated his novel,"}, {"start": 842.0, "end": 846.0, "text": " the Prague cemetery, there is the Jewish neighborhood, the Jewish community,"}, {"start": 846.0, "end": 852.0, "text": " which was very important, and of course, well, these people are also going to suffer the Holocaust,"}, {"start": 852.0, "end": 858.0, "text": " and the Holocaust is going to take them to a concentration camp called Tresin,"}, {"start": 858.0, "end": 862.0, "text": " which was like the fraud of the concentration camp system,"}, {"start": 862.0, "end": 868.0, "text": " because it was a camp to deceive people about what was happening in the concentration camps,"}, {"start": 868.0, "end": 873.0, "text": " it was where they took the intellectuals, and it was a facade,"}, {"start": 873.0, "end": 877.0, "text": " so that they thought it was a place of culture,"}, {"start": 877.0, "end": 883.0, "text": " when in reality it was a concentration camp, this is perverse, sinister and fraudulent,"}, {"start": 883.0, "end": 885.0, "text": " Tresin, it was close to that."}, {"start": 885.0, "end": 891.0, "text": " And there is the whole Jewish neighborhood, and the Jewish neighborhood is very important,"}, {"start": 891.0, "end": 896.0, "text": " and there is the synagogue, and in the Jewish neighborhood, and in all of Prague."}, {"start": 896.0, "end": 901.0, "text": " In all of Prague we are going to meet a character called the Golem."}, {"start": 901.0, "end": 909.0, "text": " The Golem is a legend, a legend that we are going to see written everywhere,"}, {"start": 909.0, "end": 913.0, "text": " because his story is part of his tourism,"}, {"start": 913.0, "end": 920.0, "text": " so it goes like the Irish, who are telling you about their whole past,"}, {"start": 920.0, "end": 924.0, "text": " just like the history of tourism in Ireland is also in Prague."}, {"start": 924.0, "end": 931.0, "text": " So, the Golem, who also, one finds the book translated into all languages,"}, {"start": 931.0, "end": 936.0, "text": " and the book writes it, among many other things, a character called Jan Neruda."}, {"start": 936.0, "end": 944.0, "text": " Jan Neruda is a poet and a writer from the city, whose last name and whose admiration,"}, {"start": 944.0, "end": 950.0, "text": " Pablo Neruda, Neftali Reyes Baso Alto, is going to take this pseudonym,"}, {"start": 950.0, "end": 953.0, "text": " because his father did not want him to be a poet,"}, {"start": 953.0, "end": 957.0, "text": " and to be a poet he will be called Pablo Neruda, our Pablo Neruda."}, {"start": 957.0, "end": 961.0, "text": " We are going to read the Golem, because this is a poem by Borges,"}, {"start": 961.0, "end": 967.0, "text": " completely impressive, and whenever we go to Prague we read the Golem."}, {"start": 967.0, "end": 973.0, "text": " So, on this trip, on the last one I did there, we arrived in Prague,"}, {"start": 973.0, "end": 976.0, "text": " directly to the Jewish neighborhood, there was the hotel."}, {"start": 976.0, "end": 981.0, "text": " So, before arriving in Prague, in \u010cesk\u00fd Krumlov, we had already read the poem,"}, {"start": 981.0, "end": 986.0, "text": " so that when we arrived we were already settled in the Jewish world of Prague."}, {"start": 986.0, "end": 989.0, "text": " It goes like this, by Jorge Luis Borges,"}, {"start": 989.0, "end": 993.0, "text": " If, as the Greek says in the Kratilo,"}, {"start": 993.0, "end": 996.0, "text": " the name is the archetype of the thing,"}, {"start": 996.0, "end": 999.0, "text": " in the letters of Rosa is the rose,"}, {"start": 999.0, "end": 1002.0, "text": " and all the Nilo in the word Nilo,"}, {"start": 1002.0, "end": 1005.0, "text": " and made of consonants and vowels,"}, {"start": 1005.0, "end": 1009.0, "text": " there will be a terrible name that the essence whispers of God,"}, {"start": 1009.0, "end": 1014.0, "text": " and that the onomatopoeia keeps in the letters and syllables of the Kabbalah,"}, {"start": 1014.0, "end": 1017.0, "text": " Adam and the stars knew it in the garden,"}, {"start": 1017.0, "end": 1021.0, "text": " the erradumbre of the past, the Kabbalists say,"}, {"start": 1021.0, "end": 1024.0, "text": " has erased it and the generations have lost it,"}, {"start": 1024.0, "end": 1027.0, "text": " the artifices and the candor of man have no end,"}, {"start": 1027.0, "end": 1030.0, "text": " we know that there was a day"}, {"start": 1030.0, "end": 1035.0, "text": " when the people of God were looking for the name in the vigil of the Jewish community,"}, {"start": 1035.0, "end": 1041.0, "text": " not in the way of others that a vague shadow insinuates in the vague history,"}, {"start": 1041.0, "end": 1047.0, "text": " the memory of the Jew-lion that was Rabbi of Prague is still green and alive,"}, {"start": 1047.0, "end": 1051.0, "text": " thirsty to know if what God knows,"}, {"start": 1051.0, "end": 1057.0, "text": " Jew-lion gave in to the permutations of letters and complex variations,"}, {"start": 1057.0, "end": 1060.0, "text": " and finally pronounced the name that is the key,"}, {"start": 1060.0, "end": 1063.0, "text": " the door, the echo, the guest and the palace,"}, {"start": 1063.0, "end": 1067.0, "text": " on a doll that with clumsy hands he worked"}, {"start": 1067.0, "end": 1071.0, "text": " to teach him the arcane of the letters of time and space,"}, {"start": 1071.0, "end": 1077.0, "text": " the simulacrum raised the dreamy eyelids and saw shapes and colors that he did not understand,"}, {"start": 1077.0, "end": 1081.0, "text": " lost in rumors and rehearsed fearful movements,"}, {"start": 1081.0, "end": 1084.0, "text": " gradually he saw how we,"}, {"start": 1084.0, "end": 1088.0, "text": " imprisoned in that sound network of before, after, yesterday,"}, {"start": 1088.0, "end": 1094.0, "text": " while now, right, left, me, you, those others,"}, {"start": 1094.0, "end": 1100.0, "text": " the cabalist who gave the trade of Numen to the vast creature he nicknamed Golem,"}, {"start": 1100.0, "end": 1106.0, "text": " these true ones are referred to as Sholem in a docto-place of its volume,"}, {"start": 1106.0, "end": 1108.0, "text": " the Rabbi explained to him the universe,"}, {"start": 1108.0, "end": 1112.0, "text": " this is foot, this is my foot, this is yours,"}, {"start": 1112.0, "end": 1116.0, "text": " this is the rope, and he managed, after years,"}, {"start": 1116.0, "end": 1120.0, "text": " that the perverse barrier, good or bad, the synagogue,"}, {"start": 1120.0, "end": 1125.0, "text": " perhaps there was an error in the graph or in the articulation of the sacroname,"}, {"start": 1125.0, "end": 1130.0, "text": " despite so much sorcery, the man-learner did not learn to speak,"}, {"start": 1130.0, "end": 1136.0, "text": " his eyes, less of a man than of a dog, and a lot less of a dog than of a thing,"}, {"start": 1136.0, "end": 1140.0, "text": " guided the Rabbi through the doubtful darkness of the pieces of the confinement,"}, {"start": 1140.0, "end": 1144.0, "text": " something abnormal and rough was in the Golem,"}, {"start": 1144.0, "end": 1147.0, "text": " since in his step the Rabbi's cat was hiding,"}, {"start": 1147.0, "end": 1151.0, "text": " that cat is not in Sholem, but through time he guessed it,"}, {"start": 1151.0, "end": 1153.0, "text": " a beautiful Borges picard\u00eda."}, {"start": 1153.0, "end": 1159.0, "text": " Raising to God filial hands, the devotions of his God he trusted,"}, {"start": 1159.0, "end": 1165.0, "text": " O stupid and smiling, he was hollowed out in the concave oriental almas."}, {"start": 1165.0, "end": 1168.0, "text": " The Rabbi looked at him with tenderness and some horror."}, {"start": 1168.0, "end": 1173.0, "text": " As it was said, this painful son can be generated,"}, {"start": 1173.0, "end": 1177.0, "text": " and inaction leaves what is the cordura?"}, {"start": 1178.0, "end": 1183.0, "text": " Why did he add to infamy, it would be one more symbol?"}, {"start": 1183.0, "end": 1188.0, "text": " Why did he give to the vain skein, that in the eternal he devours,"}, {"start": 1188.0, "end": 1192.0, "text": " something else, of another effect and of another quita?"}, {"start": 1193.0, "end": 1196.0, "text": " In the hour of anguish and in the vague light,"}, {"start": 1196.0, "end": 1199.0, "text": " in his Golem the eyes stopped."}, {"start": 1199.0, "end": 1205.0, "text": " What would he tell us of the things that God felt when he looked at his Rabbi from Prague?"}, {"start": 1230.0, "end": 1235.0, "text": " This is wonderful because the legend of the Golem is that the Rabbi Le\u00f3n"}, {"start": 1235.0, "end": 1240.0, "text": " had created a creature that protected the Jewish community"}, {"start": 1240.0, "end": 1246.0, "text": " from the continuous attacks and the pogroms of those who were and have been victims in history."}, {"start": 1246.0, "end": 1250.0, "text": " Then they created a creature with a spell of clay"}, {"start": 1250.0, "end": 1254.0, "text": " and blew it, giving it a divine breath,"}, {"start": 1254.0, "end": 1259.0, "text": " so that it could protect the Jews."}, {"start": 1259.0, "end": 1262.0, "text": " But then it turns out that the Golem never learned to speak,"}, {"start": 1262.0, "end": 1265.0, "text": " it was an imperfect creature and he had to put the papyrus,"}, {"start": 1265.0, "end": 1269.0, "text": " the manuscript, he had to put it in his mouth every night."}, {"start": 1269.0, "end": 1271.0, "text": " That's how he played."}, {"start": 1271.0, "end": 1275.0, "text": " But one day the daughter of the Rabbi got sick, she had a fever,"}, {"start": 1275.0, "end": 1280.0, "text": " and the Rabbi did not put the papyrus, the manuscript, in his mouth"}, {"start": 1280.0, "end": 1286.0, "text": " so the spell that kept him in a certain level of sanity"}, {"start": 1286.0, "end": 1292.0, "text": " did not fulfill and the Golem went crazy and attacked the synagogue and attacked everything."}, {"start": 1292.0, "end": 1299.0, "text": " It was totally disastrous and it had to be reduced again to nothing where it came from"}, {"start": 1299.0, "end": 1302.0, "text": " and keep the spell forever."}, {"start": 1302.0, "end": 1307.0, "text": " It was a failed attempt to protect a creature that was a Jew"}, {"start": 1307.0, "end": 1314.0, "text": " and a failed attempt to protect a creature that was not God but the man who created it."}, {"start": 1314.0, "end": 1318.0, "text": " The wonderful thing about Borges' poem, which always moves me so much,"}, {"start": 1318.0, "end": 1325.0, "text": " is that just as the Rabbi was ashamed of this imperfect creature,"}, {"start": 1325.0, "end": 1332.0, "text": " who did not deserve to be what he dreamed of and could be a protector for his people,"}, {"start": 1332.0, "end": 1338.0, "text": " what would God think of the Rabbi? What would God think of us humans,"}, {"start": 1338.0, "end": 1346.0, "text": " that in his eyes we could be so imperfect and so frustratingly different from his own dream,"}, {"start": 1346.0, "end": 1353.0, "text": " such as having created humanity, that simile of God disappointed with humanity,"}, {"start": 1353.0, "end": 1359.0, "text": " looking at us with this imperfection, horror and shame, with which the Rabbi looks at the Golem."}, {"start": 1359.0, "end": 1364.0, "text": " So, you see that over there and this legend is everywhere."}, {"start": 1364.0, "end": 1370.0, "text": " And I start to see that city that also has a Museum of Musha,"}, {"start": 1370.0, "end": 1377.0, "text": " they call it Musha, which is this artist who has these elongated women"}, {"start": 1377.0, "end": 1382.0, "text": " with those huge, long, golden, red hair."}, {"start": 1382.0, "end": 1390.0, "text": " It is everywhere, it is very popular in the iconography of what it has to do with the city."}, {"start": 1390.0, "end": 1395.0, "text": " You have surely seen it everywhere and great admirers have Musha too."}, {"start": 1395.0, "end": 1401.0, "text": " And a small museum of Dali, where there are some small jewels that are not seen,"}, {"start": 1401.0, "end": 1409.0, "text": " but there in that square, in that wonderful square, where this huge cathedral is,"}, {"start": 1409.0, "end": 1412.0, "text": " and in that cathedral there is the clock."}, {"start": 1412.0, "end": 1417.0, "text": " And the clock is an allegory of death, vanity, life, old age,"}, {"start": 1417.0, "end": 1421.0, "text": " because every hour the clock is a medieval clock,"}, {"start": 1421.0, "end": 1426.0, "text": " which is composed of different drums and some figures that appear,"}, {"start": 1426.0, "end": 1433.0, "text": " which tell the metaphors of the plague, death, life, old age."}, {"start": 1433.0, "end": 1438.0, "text": " And they appear every hour and that is a show and one gets paralyzed every time the clock is going to ring,"}, {"start": 1438.0, "end": 1445.0, "text": " because it is there with that look of a clock that has any number of centuries."}, {"start": 1445.0, "end": 1449.0, "text": " So one walks through the streets of Prague and they are all surprises,"}, {"start": 1449.0, "end": 1456.0, "text": " they are all beauties, they are all wonders, all their little shops, the famous Bohemian glass."}, {"start": 1456.0, "end": 1459.0, "text": " And well, if one goes to Prague, one has to see the black theater,"}, {"start": 1459.0, "end": 1465.0, "text": " one has to see the black theater because that is one of the great arts of the Czechs,"}, {"start": 1465.0, "end": 1471.0, "text": " which is a theater where all the figures are dressed in black, on a black background,"}, {"start": 1471.0, "end": 1479.0, "text": " and on top of them there are phosphorescent figures that, transposed on the black,"}, {"start": 1479.0, "end": 1486.0, "text": " give the feeling that they will float in the air as if the colors moved by themselves."}, {"start": 1486.0, "end": 1491.0, "text": " It is a particular artistic creation of them that one should never stop seeing"}, {"start": 1491.0, "end": 1495.0, "text": " when one goes to Prague, one goes to see the black theater of Prague."}, {"start": 1495.0, "end": 1500.0, "text": " They in art, they in theater, they in music, they in architecture,"}, {"start": 1500.0, "end": 1504.0, "text": " they in history, they in politics, they in the genius of life,"}, {"start": 1504.0, "end": 1511.0, "text": " they who are absolutely original in all their way of conceiving the universe,"}, {"start": 1511.0, "end": 1516.0, "text": " between astronomy and legend, are the people of Prague."}, {"start": 1516.0, "end": 1523.0, "text": " This episode comes to you with the support and thanks to the Bank of the Republic."}, {"start": 1523.0, "end": 1528.0, "text": " For all those who do not live in Colombia, I tell you that the Bank of the Republic"}, {"start": 1528.0, "end": 1535.0, "text": " is not only a bank as such, but it is a very strong support for culture in Colombia."}, {"start": 1535.0, "end": 1539.0, "text": " The Bank of the Republic has a presence in 29 cities in the country,"}, {"start": 1539.0, "end": 1546.0, "text": " in the form of art museums, gold museums, libraries and many other cultural projects."}, {"start": 1546.0, "end": 1549.0, "text": " One of those projects is the one I want to tell you about,"}, {"start": 1549.0, "end": 1553.0, "text": " and it is the Cultural and Bibliographic Bulletin."}, {"start": 1553.0, "end": 1560.0, "text": " The Cultural and Bibliographic Bulletin is a publication that has reviews and articles."}, {"start": 1560.0, "end": 1563.0, "text": " The reviews are of the Colombian publishing production,"}, {"start": 1563.0, "end": 1569.0, "text": " and in each number they are telling us what is being produced in this country."}, {"start": 1569.0, "end": 1573.0, "text": " The articles are thematic articles of, for example,"}, {"start": 1573.0, "end": 1577.0, "text": " the women in science, which is the one I have here, or the women in history."}, {"start": 1577.0, "end": 1583.0, "text": " And it has a whole story, because this bulletin starts from 1958,"}, {"start": 1583.0, "end": 1588.0, "text": " when it was a bridge between Colombia and what was happening in the world."}, {"start": 1588.0, "end": 1593.0, "text": " When what they did was review authors who were just being published"}, {"start": 1593.0, "end": 1596.0, "text": " in the French or English literature."}, {"start": 1596.0, "end": 1602.0, "text": " Over time, it began to focus much more on Colombian authors,"}, {"start": 1602.0, "end": 1605.0, "text": " and very prominent people have passed through here,"}, {"start": 1605.0, "end": 1609.0, "text": " such as Mar\u00eda Mercedes Carranza, H\u00e9ctor Abad Faciolince,"}, {"start": 1609.0, "end": 1613.0, "text": " such as Evelio Rosero, such as Jos\u00e9 Luis Mora,"}, {"start": 1613.0, "end": 1618.0, "text": " such as Beatriz Gonz\u00e1lez, Beatriz Elena Robledo,"}, {"start": 1618.0, "end": 1623.0, "text": " Jes\u00fas Antonio Bejarano, \u00c1lvaro Miranda, Jorge Salamea, H\u00e9ctor Rojas Heraso."}, {"start": 1623.0, "end": 1630.0, "text": " In short, a large number of our huge feathers have passed through the articles of this bulletin."}, {"start": 1630.0, "end": 1637.0, "text": " I tell you all this story because the bulletin, on the one hand, is digitized."}, {"start": 1637.0, "end": 1640.0, "text": " You can consult it, there are all the articles,"}, {"start": 1640.0, "end": 1645.0, "text": " that is very nice, but it turns out that this bulletin is so beautiful,"}, {"start": 1645.0, "end": 1649.0, "text": " so beautiful that it is worth having it physically."}, {"start": 1649.0, "end": 1651.0, "text": " This has international shipments."}, {"start": 1651.0, "end": 1655.0, "text": " To have it physically, you buy it for a value of 8,000 pesos,"}, {"start": 1655.0, "end": 1660.0, "text": " which is a symbolic value for the amount of work behind it."}, {"start": 1660.0, "end": 1665.0, "text": " And also, if you subscribe, each copy will come out for a lower cost."}, {"start": 1665.0, "end": 1672.0, "text": " And for that to happen, you have to fill out a form, those notes are left in the notes of the episode,"}, {"start": 1672.0, "end": 1677.0, "text": " the link to fill out the form and the link to consult it digitally."}, {"start": 1677.0, "end": 1682.0, "text": " But I really recommend that you have the physical object because it has a wonderful job."}, {"start": 1682.0, "end": 1686.0, "text": " Above all, the illustrations are particularly beautiful."}, {"start": 1686.0, "end": 1692.0, "text": " And that was what I wanted to tell you and give a thank you to the people who have helped me."}, {"start": 1692.0, "end": 1697.0, "text": " And that was what I wanted to tell you and give a thank you to the Bank of the Republic"}, {"start": 1697.0, "end": 1699.0, "text": " for supporting our podcast."}, {"start": 1699.0, "end": 1700.0, "text": " We continue with the episode."}, {"start": 1706.0, "end": 1708.0, "text": " So, one goes to the castle."}, {"start": 1708.0, "end": 1713.0, "text": " The castle is in the middle of the city, that is, the castle is very large."}, {"start": 1713.0, "end": 1716.0, "text": " And that castle has seen the whole history of the city."}, {"start": 1716.0, "end": 1719.0, "text": " Then there is the famous window."}, {"start": 1719.0, "end": 1723.0, "text": " The famous window where they unwinded the delegates of the Habsburgs."}, {"start": 1723.0, "end": 1729.0, "text": " It turns out that throughout the time of the rebellions and all that,"}, {"start": 1729.0, "end": 1735.0, "text": " one day two delegates from the Habsburgs arrived to convince those of the city"}, {"start": 1735.0, "end": 1739.0, "text": " to ally with them at a given moment."}, {"start": 1739.0, "end": 1744.0, "text": " And they, to tell them that they did not agree, despite belonging to the empire,"}, {"start": 1744.0, "end": 1749.0, "text": " that they did not agree, they threw them out the window, they unwinded them."}, {"start": 1749.0, "end": 1752.0, "text": " It is the second because there was already another unwinding."}, {"start": 1752.0, "end": 1758.0, "text": " They did not die, the unwinded, but fell on a quantity of manure and straw that was there."}, {"start": 1758.0, "end": 1765.0, "text": " But the Habsburgs felt so absolutely offended, so offended,"}, {"start": 1765.0, "end": 1771.0, "text": " that they waged a war that would last 30 years and devastated Bohemia,"}, {"start": 1771.0, "end": 1776.0, "text": " which at that time was flourishing and splendid."}, {"start": 1776.0, "end": 1783.0, "text": " The Thirty Years' War is going to be one of the most terrifying stories of this town."}, {"start": 1783.0, "end": 1787.0, "text": " And in fact, all of Europe got involved in the Thirty Years' War"}, {"start": 1787.0, "end": 1794.0, "text": " because it was one of the most terrible and devastating moments of the whole city"}, {"start": 1794.0, "end": 1798.0, "text": " that they had built with so much love and that they had created."}, {"start": 1798.0, "end": 1803.0, "text": " All of these cities have known absolute destruction, very great destructions,"}, {"start": 1803.0, "end": 1809.0, "text": " wars of enormous levels, because, as I say, they are in the middle of the divisions of the empires."}, {"start": 1809.0, "end": 1816.0, "text": " They have known their great moments and they have known their most terrible moments."}, {"start": 1816.0, "end": 1823.0, "text": " So, the Thirty Years' War is one of the most terrible memories of the city."}, {"start": 1823.0, "end": 1829.0, "text": " It is one of the memories where it feels like they knew the ashes"}, {"start": 1829.0, "end": 1833.0, "text": " and reappeared as this wonderful city that they would later be."}, {"start": 1833.0, "end": 1838.0, "text": " So, one goes to see the castle."}, {"start": 1838.0, "end": 1843.0, "text": " The castle is a transposition of all the different eras of the history of Prague."}, {"start": 1843.0, "end": 1851.0, "text": " It is an absolutely obligatory visit because there is the heart of the city in its different stages."}, {"start": 1851.0, "end": 1858.0, "text": " So, there is the square, there is the castle, and in the square there is a lot of little cafes."}, {"start": 1858.0, "end": 1866.0, "text": " And it turns out that there are a lot of little cafes that were those cafes where Milan Kundera,"}, {"start": 1866.0, "end": 1868.0, "text": " the writer of the city, wrote."}, {"start": 1868.0, "end": 1874.0, "text": " So, one goes there and reads the unbearable lightness of being there in Prague"}, {"start": 1874.0, "end": 1882.0, "text": " and walks through the work of Kundera, who after the dream of the spring was so abruptly cut"}, {"start": 1882.0, "end": 1889.0, "text": " by the entry of the Soviet tanks to Prague in 1968, at the end of this spring,"}, {"start": 1889.0, "end": 1895.0, "text": " which was looking for a new way of understanding politics and society,"}, {"start": 1895.0, "end": 1902.0, "text": " he wrote a novel called La Broma, because it turns out that the way they were treated"}, {"start": 1902.0, "end": 1908.0, "text": " was to take away from writers and artists the possibility of exercising their trades,"}, {"start": 1908.0, "end": 1914.0, "text": " their gifts and their arts in a town as artistic as this and put them to do trades"}, {"start": 1914.0, "end": 1919.0, "text": " that were totally insignificant and meaningless to them,"}, {"start": 1919.0, "end": 1921.0, "text": " as a way of killing their soul."}, {"start": 1921.0, "end": 1923.0, "text": " That's why it's called La Broma."}, {"start": 1923.0, "end": 1928.0, "text": " So, that's when I told them that many of them went to \u010cesk\u00fd Krumlov,"}, {"start": 1928.0, "end": 1932.0, "text": " because things in Prague got heated up."}, {"start": 1932.0, "end": 1937.0, "text": " Then they took their passports away, they left them buried alive with a broken dream"}, {"start": 1937.0, "end": 1942.0, "text": " on a land that wanted to conquer the stars through hope."}, {"start": 1942.0, "end": 1945.0, "text": " And what they found was a very big aggression."}, {"start": 1945.0, "end": 1950.0, "text": " So, when the Soviet tanks arrived, they couldn't stand up to them"}, {"start": 1950.0, "end": 1953.0, "text": " because the Hungarians had already tried and they passed them over."}, {"start": 1953.0, "end": 1958.0, "text": " So, it was that symbolic resistance that they did from Moscow, 1200 km from Prague,"}, {"start": 1958.0, "end": 1964.0, "text": " through graffiti all over the city, saying, Lenin, wake up, everyone has gone crazy."}, {"start": 1964.0, "end": 1970.0, "text": " And that wound from that broken dream, from that broken utopia,"}, {"start": 1970.0, "end": 1976.0, "text": " in such a terrible way, can be seen in the city along with the monument to Jan P\u00e1llok"}, {"start": 1976.0, "end": 1983.0, "text": " and his friend, who, a year after the tanks' raid in Prague,"}, {"start": 1983.0, "end": 1989.0, "text": " set fire to the square in San Wenceslao and burned alive"}, {"start": 1989.0, "end": 1994.0, "text": " in protest against the Soviet invasion of Prague."}, {"start": 1994.0, "end": 2015.0, "text": " And there are the graves of the two of them in the square."}, {"start": 2015.0, "end": 2021.0, "text": " The square in San Wenceslao is the political heart of the city."}, {"start": 2021.0, "end": 2026.0, "text": " Every time something happens, it happens in the square in San Wenceslao."}, {"start": 2026.0, "end": 2031.0, "text": " That's why, in the spring, Alexander Dub\u010dek, the architect's man,"}, {"start": 2031.0, "end": 2033.0, "text": " who built it, said, let's meet there."}, {"start": 2033.0, "end": 2037.0, "text": " When we meet, and the national anthem is played, everyone will have gone mad."}, {"start": 2037.0, "end": 2043.0, "text": " And that's why, later, when the revolution of Tertiopelo happened,"}, {"start": 2043.0, "end": 2045.0, "text": " they met again there."}, {"start": 2045.0, "end": 2049.0, "text": " And Alexander Dub\u010dek said this morning, Gorbachev said on the radio,"}, {"start": 2049.0, "end": 2052.0, "text": " that the perestroika was socialism with a human face."}, {"start": 2052.0, "end": 2057.0, "text": " That is, everything they had dreamed of, Gorbachev tried to do it when it was too late,"}, {"start": 2057.0, "end": 2059.0, "text": " when history could not be returned."}, {"start": 2059.0, "end": 2063.0, "text": " And the time of the reforms had already passed,"}, {"start": 2063.0, "end": 2068.0, "text": " it was time for the whole regime to fall, because the time was different at that time."}, {"start": 2068.0, "end": 2073.0, "text": " So, that's the political place, and there is the Cathedral of San Vito,"}, {"start": 2073.0, "end": 2076.0, "text": " another of the great patrons of Prague."}, {"start": 2076.0, "end": 2082.0, "text": " That's the place where the whole manifestation of the Czech soul is located,"}, {"start": 2082.0, "end": 2084.0, "text": " in the political."}, {"start": 2084.0, "end": 2091.0, "text": " So, it is full of all these details, of the markets,"}, {"start": 2091.0, "end": 2098.0, "text": " of the music in the streets, of that arch that one crosses through the Tower of the Dust"}, {"start": 2098.0, "end": 2102.0, "text": " to enter the heart of the city, the square,"}, {"start": 2102.0, "end": 2106.0, "text": " that every night it offers different forms,"}, {"start": 2106.0, "end": 2110.0, "text": " they have some ways of illuminating it,"}, {"start": 2110.0, "end": 2117.0, "text": " let's say that it is never totally illuminated and never leaves the darkness."}, {"start": 2117.0, "end": 2121.0, "text": " They can do it at the same time, it is as illuminated as mysterious,"}, {"start": 2121.0, "end": 2123.0, "text": " as gothic, as gloomy."}, {"start": 2123.0, "end": 2127.0, "text": " Because Prague is all these contrasts."}, {"start": 2127.0, "end": 2131.0, "text": " And in Prague is another of the great, great, Kafka."}, {"start": 2131.0, "end": 2136.0, "text": " It turns out that Kafka was very neurotic, you could imagine it from what he writes,"}, {"start": 2136.0, "end": 2140.0, "text": " and it turns out that Kafka, in the impressive neurosis he had,"}, {"start": 2140.0, "end": 2145.0, "text": " made noise everywhere, everywhere he felt that he could not write there,"}, {"start": 2145.0, "end": 2146.0, "text": " that he could not write."}, {"start": 2146.0, "end": 2152.0, "text": " So, he constantly changed apartments, rooms,"}, {"start": 2152.0, "end": 2158.0, "text": " and that makes the whole city name him, because he was everywhere."}, {"start": 2158.0, "end": 2164.0, "text": " So, now, at that time everything was so polarized, in a way,"}, {"start": 2164.0, "end": 2167.0, "text": " that many did not want him because he had written in German."}, {"start": 2167.0, "end": 2169.0, "text": " But he said, well, what do we do?"}, {"start": 2169.0, "end": 2174.0, "text": " He wrote in German and anyway he is one of the great writers of the city."}, {"start": 2174.0, "end": 2179.0, "text": " And one of the signatures of Prague is Kafka."}, {"start": 2179.0, "end": 2183.0, "text": " And there is the Kafka Museum and there is also the statue,"}, {"start": 2183.0, "end": 2189.0, "text": " a particular, rare, strange statue that one crosses and from there on"}, {"start": 2189.0, "end": 2194.0, "text": " the Jewish community begins, everything that was the Jewish neighborhood and the synagogue."}, {"start": 2194.0, "end": 2202.0, "text": " That synagogue that one sees there, there in that synagogue is where the legend of the golem takes place."}, {"start": 2202.0, "end": 2207.0, "text": " So, in Prague are the legends, and in Prague are the dreams,"}, {"start": 2207.0, "end": 2209.0, "text": " and in Prague are the imaginations."}, {"start": 2209.0, "end": 2216.0, "text": " So, all the mythological figures of a Slavic people that will one day become a state"}, {"start": 2216.0, "end": 2219.0, "text": " and that also has old ties with Celtic peoples."}, {"start": 2219.0, "end": 2225.0, "text": " It is also where the golem is in the Jewish community and the cemetery of Prague,"}, {"start": 2225.0, "end": 2227.0, "text": " in the novel by Humberto Eco."}, {"start": 2227.0, "end": 2232.0, "text": " And it is also where all that world that Kafka made there is."}, {"start": 2232.0, "end": 2239.0, "text": " And all those stories that cross the castle and the cathedral of Zambito."}, {"start": 2239.0, "end": 2245.0, "text": " All that is creating a monumentality and such beauty,"}, {"start": 2245.0, "end": 2253.0, "text": " which is a set of stories, of architecture, of poetry, of music, of dreams."}, {"start": 2253.0, "end": 2258.0, "text": " They are tremendously dreamers, they dreamed of a state, they had it, they distributed it,"}, {"start": 2258.0, "end": 2264.0, "text": " they invaded it, they had it, they have it, they finally achieved it."}, {"start": 2264.0, "end": 2271.0, "text": " And then it is when they separate from the Slovaks, as I was telling you in our Slovakia trip,"}, {"start": 2271.0, "end": 2275.0, "text": " without, I mean, everything is fine, without getting angry at all."}, {"start": 2275.0, "end": 2278.0, "text": " Let's say these historical solutions that they have,"}, {"start": 2278.0, "end": 2285.0, "text": " that from their own interiority are able to transform things without spilling drops of blood."}, {"start": 2285.0, "end": 2288.0, "text": " Because if you see, they have not exercised violence."}, {"start": 2288.0, "end": 2291.0, "text": " Violence has been exercised against them."}, {"start": 2291.0, "end": 2295.0, "text": " Yes, because they have been invaded, they have been distributed,"}, {"start": 2295.0, "end": 2301.0, "text": " but they, among themselves, have achieved some important agreements"}, {"start": 2301.0, "end": 2306.0, "text": " to be and to separate, to form the Czechoslovak Republic,"}, {"start": 2306.0, "end": 2310.0, "text": " to separate into Czechoslovaks and Slovaks,"}, {"start": 2310.0, "end": 2316.0, "text": " to dream of a spring that was made from a new look at the world,"}, {"start": 2316.0, "end": 2319.0, "text": " to unite four cities that no longer separated,"}, {"start": 2319.0, "end": 2323.0, "text": " to build worlds that no one imagined."}, {"start": 2323.0, "end": 2326.0, "text": " Prague is beautiful and it is conceptual,"}, {"start": 2326.0, "end": 2331.0, "text": " because it also has all this amount of pronunciations"}, {"start": 2331.0, "end": 2335.0, "text": " about the possible different historical views,"}, {"start": 2335.0, "end": 2340.0, "text": " how they conceive them, to climb the tower and look from there."}, {"start": 2340.0, "end": 2345.0, "text": " This jewel of the architecture of the world is a wonderful privilege."}, {"start": 2345.0, "end": 2353.0, "text": " Drinking beer, which is another of the jewels and the great pride of the Czechs and Slovaks,"}, {"start": 2353.0, "end": 2359.0, "text": " is that they are hard beer drinkers, of tradition, of all life, their liquors."}, {"start": 2359.0, "end": 2363.0, "text": " There is a sweet liqueur, pejaroshka, which is delicious,"}, {"start": 2363.0, "end": 2367.0, "text": " that one also drinks it in the streets or in the square."}, {"start": 2367.0, "end": 2371.0, "text": " Absinthe, with all its spirits and elves,"}, {"start": 2371.0, "end": 2375.0, "text": " is found in the liquor stores on the streets of Prague."}, {"start": 2375.0, "end": 2382.0, "text": " So, to travel through Prague is to travel through all this amount of different dreams,"}, {"start": 2382.0, "end": 2386.0, "text": " stuck in alleys, stuck in cafes,"}, {"start": 2386.0, "end": 2393.0, "text": " stuck in all these stories that are found between literature,"}, {"start": 2393.0, "end": 2402.0, "text": " between the dream, modern buildings with totally unimaginable unusual shapes."}, {"start": 2402.0, "end": 2407.0, "text": " I mean, they can be incredibly modern, things that one would see in Tokyo, for example."}, {"start": 2407.0, "end": 2412.0, "text": " They are seen there, in a part that is a little more modern than the city,"}, {"start": 2412.0, "end": 2416.0, "text": " where you go on the tram that crosses the whole city."}, {"start": 2416.0, "end": 2421.0, "text": " This is a jazz city. It is a jazz city because jazz was resistance."}, {"start": 2421.0, "end": 2429.0, "text": " During the Soviet era, a way to oppose the invasion"}, {"start": 2429.0, "end": 2435.0, "text": " was through playing in the low backgrounds, in the jazz bars."}, {"start": 2435.0, "end": 2442.0, "text": " Even Clinton, once, after the wall fell and all that, played saxophone there."}, {"start": 2442.0, "end": 2446.0, "text": " They have the bar where Clinton played."}, {"start": 2446.0, "end": 2454.0, "text": " They also have rock bars because they are musicians, musicians of everything."}, {"start": 2454.0, "end": 2457.0, "text": " So, the music that we call classical music,"}, {"start": 2457.0, "end": 2462.0, "text": " which for them is a music of inspiration of their national dream,"}, {"start": 2462.0, "end": 2466.0, "text": " which is Borgiaki Aspetana and the New World Symphony,"}, {"start": 2466.0, "end": 2468.0, "text": " and in my country, in Bolnavia."}, {"start": 2468.0, "end": 2470.0, "text": " That is heard everywhere."}, {"start": 2470.0, "end": 2475.0, "text": " But apart from listening to that, and apart from listening to Mozart,"}, {"start": 2475.0, "end": 2480.0, "text": " who was also playing there at another time in life and history,"}, {"start": 2480.0, "end": 2485.0, "text": " there is also that world of jazz that generated a whole tradition there,"}, {"start": 2485.0, "end": 2488.0, "text": " and there are also rock bars."}, {"start": 2488.0, "end": 2494.0, "text": " So, the night brings the music, and the music brings the streets"}, {"start": 2494.0, "end": 2501.0, "text": " and the small bars and the places where you can find the different musical traditions"}, {"start": 2501.0, "end": 2506.0, "text": " that always inspire a people that carries music in their soul"}, {"start": 2506.0, "end": 2508.0, "text": " and that has an impressive talent."}, {"start": 2508.0, "end": 2511.0, "text": " I always tell them to watch the movie Collier,"}, {"start": 2511.0, "end": 2514.0, "text": " because it is a beautiful way to show the days"}, {"start": 2514.0, "end": 2519.0, "text": " when the Soviet regime fell in Prague,"}, {"start": 2519.0, "end": 2524.0, "text": " with the third hair of history, that movie, in a rara."}, {"start": 2524.0, "end": 2527.0, "text": " And you also have to watch it, it is unbearable,"}, {"start": 2527.0, "end": 2530.0, "text": " the identity of being in the cinema, because of watching it,"}, {"start": 2530.0, "end": 2535.0, "text": " and reading it, because of reading Kundera and his mastery."}, {"start": 2535.0, "end": 2537.0, "text": " So, all of that is Prague."}, {"start": 2537.0, "end": 2542.0, "text": " Prague is all those places, Prague is all those corners,"}, {"start": 2542.0, "end": 2546.0, "text": " Prague is the pearl of the underworld, Prague is Bohemia,"}, {"start": 2546.0, "end": 2551.0, "text": " Prague is the avant-garde of the beginning of the century in architecture,"}, {"start": 2551.0, "end": 2554.0, "text": " Prague is music in its greatest splendor,"}, {"start": 2554.0, "end": 2559.0, "text": " Prague is the spring in its political what-to-do,"}, {"start": 2559.0, "end": 2564.0, "text": " the revolution of third hair, in its way of transforming history,"}, {"start": 2564.0, "end": 2568.0, "text": " without violence, but from the intelligence of conceptualization."}, {"start": 2568.0, "end": 2575.0, "text": " It is very important to learn from them, because they are able to see"}, {"start": 2575.0, "end": 2579.0, "text": " moments, worlds, beyond what they have in the present,"}, {"start": 2579.0, "end": 2581.0, "text": " and do it without violence."}, {"start": 2581.0, "end": 2585.0, "text": " You have to look at the heart of these people,"}, {"start": 2585.0, "end": 2590.0, "text": " because they have a way of conceiving the universe,"}, {"start": 2590.0, "end": 2593.0, "text": " very particular and very proper."}, {"start": 2593.0, "end": 2598.0, "text": " At that moment, in the last trip I made there,"}, {"start": 2598.0, "end": 2604.0, "text": " in 2019, and the 30th anniversary of the fall of the Berlin Wall,"}, {"start": 2604.0, "end": 2610.0, "text": " at that moment there was a tribute to all those who made"}, {"start": 2610.0, "end": 2613.0, "text": " that moment in history possible."}, {"start": 2613.0, "end": 2619.0, "text": " So, there was a huge photo of Havel,"}, {"start": 2619.0, "end": 2624.0, "text": " a playwright, a playwright, 12 years in prison,"}, {"start": 2624.0, "end": 2628.0, "text": " for having opposed during the springtime,"}, {"start": 2628.0, "end": 2635.0, "text": " he would be the president of Czechoslovakia and then of Czechia,"}, {"start": 2635.0, "end": 2637.0, "text": " when the wall fell."}, {"start": 2637.0, "end": 2641.0, "text": " So, there is everything that is Havel, all the leaders of the world,"}, {"start": 2641.0, "end": 2646.0, "text": " all the Czechs who left, all those who with the keys"}, {"start": 2646.0, "end": 2650.0, "text": " went to the square and, moving the keys, said that the Soviet"}, {"start": 2650.0, "end": 2677.0, "text": " time of history had come and the time of the Czechs had begun."}, {"start": 2680.0, "end": 2694.0, "text": " Now, precisely in these days, when there is a huge demonstration"}, {"start": 2694.0, "end": 2699.0, "text": " in Belarus to end a 26-year mandate,"}, {"start": 2699.0, "end": 2703.0, "text": " which is not that it threatens to be eternalized in power,"}, {"start": 2703.0, "end": 2705.0, "text": " but that it became eternalized in power,"}, {"start": 2705.0, "end": 2707.0, "text": " the Czechs have also gone to the bridge,"}, {"start": 2707.0, "end": 2711.0, "text": " to the bridge of Charles IV, to show solidarity"}, {"start": 2711.0, "end": 2715.0, "text": " with that attempt at freedom that the Belarusians are fighting at this moment."}, {"start": 2715.0, "end": 2718.0, "text": " And because they always, let's say,"}, {"start": 2718.0, "end": 2722.0, "text": " encourage the hearts of the peoples who seek their freedom in different ways,"}, {"start": 2722.0, "end": 2727.0, "text": " because they have sought theirs and have lost it several times."}, {"start": 2727.0, "end": 2731.0, "text": " That is, they have escaped from the hands, many times,"}, {"start": 2731.0, "end": 2734.0, "text": " that autonomy and that power to be Czech,"}, {"start": 2734.0, "end": 2738.0, "text": " which they have had to make valid in so many ways,"}, {"start": 2738.0, "end": 2741.0, "text": " because from the empires that invaded them,"}, {"start": 2741.0, "end": 2745.0, "text": " to the Third Reich that divided them,"}, {"start": 2745.0, "end": 2749.0, "text": " along with the explicit complicity of the West,"}, {"start": 2749.0, "end": 2751.0, "text": " going through the Soviet invasion,"}, {"start": 2751.0, "end": 2756.0, "text": " they have lived many times the different oppressions"}, {"start": 2756.0, "end": 2759.0, "text": " and the different divisions, and therefore,"}, {"start": 2759.0, "end": 2763.0, "text": " their heart beats at the pace of those who have to face similar situations,"}, {"start": 2763.0, "end": 2766.0, "text": " as is happening to Belarus at this moment,"}, {"start": 2766.0, "end": 2769.0, "text": " which is looking for its own place in history"}, {"start": 2769.0, "end": 2773.0, "text": " and is at this moment in the idea of being able to do,"}, {"start": 2773.0, "end": 2778.0, "text": " peacefully, with a fine spirit that they have lived,"}, {"start": 2778.0, "end": 2780.0, "text": " that is why they are being supported,"}, {"start": 2780.0, "end": 2783.0, "text": " a way to get rid of an eternal power."}, {"start": 2783.0, "end": 2786.0, "text": " So, the Czechs are all that,"}, {"start": 2786.0, "end": 2789.0, "text": " they are deeply political,"}, {"start": 2789.0, "end": 2794.0, "text": " they are poetic, they also have their gastronomy,"}, {"start": 2794.0, "end": 2799.0, "text": " their culture, their particular way of being Czech."}, {"start": 2799.0, "end": 2803.0, "text": " So, Prague could seem like a tourist capital to them,"}, {"start": 2803.0, "end": 2805.0, "text": " and it certainly is,"}, {"start": 2805.0, "end": 2809.0, "text": " and many times it is full of people, because it is a jewel,"}, {"start": 2809.0, "end": 2812.0, "text": " but Prague is much more than that,"}, {"start": 2812.0, "end": 2814.0, "text": " Prague is the mystery,"}, {"start": 2814.0, "end": 2818.0, "text": " Prague is the light and dark,"}, {"start": 2818.0, "end": 2822.0, "text": " Prague is all those different corners"}, {"start": 2822.0, "end": 2827.0, "text": " that reveal a city that is subject to all the forces of history,"}, {"start": 2827.0, "end": 2830.0, "text": " and it is there in the synagogues,"}, {"start": 2830.0, "end": 2835.0, "text": " and in the point where the drawings that the children made in the concentration camps,"}, {"start": 2835.0, "end": 2841.0, "text": " as one of the most heartbreaking testimonies of the passage of the Holocaust through the city,"}, {"start": 2841.0, "end": 2844.0, "text": " we do not get rid of that in any part of the trip,"}, {"start": 2844.0, "end": 2847.0, "text": " because those are the scenarios where these things happened,"}, {"start": 2847.0, "end": 2851.0, "text": " so, in no way are we going to get away from the shadows,"}, {"start": 2851.0, "end": 2853.0, "text": " the shadows always haunt us,"}, {"start": 2853.0, "end": 2858.0, "text": " and in Prague we are going to see in the buildings these copper plates"}, {"start": 2858.0, "end": 2861.0, "text": " that indicate how many people from the Jewish community"}, {"start": 2861.0, "end": 2865.0, "text": " were taken out of that building, from those apartments,"}, {"start": 2865.0, "end": 2867.0, "text": " and taken to the concentration camps,"}, {"start": 2867.0, "end": 2869.0, "text": " what I told you, that in Berlin it is everywhere,"}, {"start": 2869.0, "end": 2871.0, "text": " that is seen in Prague like this,"}, {"start": 2871.0, "end": 2874.0, "text": " that is, we have seen all this throughout the trip,"}, {"start": 2874.0, "end": 2877.0, "text": " because they are the shoes on the riverbank,"}, {"start": 2877.0, "end": 2882.0, "text": " in Budapest, like the plates, there, in Prague,"}, {"start": 2882.0, "end": 2887.0, "text": " that is, let's say, it is all the step of infamy that was also going through there,"}, {"start": 2887.0, "end": 2890.0, "text": " these peoples are between light and shadow,"}, {"start": 2890.0, "end": 2893.0, "text": " between poetry and the horror of history,"}, {"start": 2893.0, "end": 2897.0, "text": " then they were not destroyed in the Second World War,"}, {"start": 2897.0, "end": 2900.0, "text": " and that is still a blessing for humanity,"}, {"start": 2900.0, "end": 2904.0, "text": " that they were not destroyed, let's say, this terrible division,"}, {"start": 2904.0, "end": 2907.0, "text": " somehow made them not be bombed,"}, {"start": 2907.0, "end": 2912.0, "text": " because that if it had been completely unimaginable to bomb Prague,"}, {"start": 2912.0, "end": 2914.0, "text": " that would have been one thing that,"}, {"start": 2914.0, "end": 2916.0, "text": " thank goodness, we did not have to live,"}, {"start": 2916.0, "end": 2921.0, "text": " their last destructions date from 1600 and not from modern times,"}, {"start": 2921.0, "end": 2926.0, "text": " but their deaths were in the soul,"}, {"start": 2926.0, "end": 2931.0, "text": " and they were poetic and terrible, and their resurrections too."}, {"start": 2931.0, "end": 2935.0, "text": " Today they seek their destiny like all the other peoples in history,"}, {"start": 2935.0, "end": 2937.0, "text": " they have also had terrible corruption phenomena,"}, {"start": 2937.0, "end": 2939.0, "text": " like all the other countries,"}, {"start": 2939.0, "end": 2942.0, "text": " they have not gotten rid of the problems that today we complain about,"}, {"start": 2942.0, "end": 2946.0, "text": " but they are looking for solutions like all of us,"}, {"start": 2946.0, "end": 2950.0, "text": " they are looking for other moments in history like all of us,"}, {"start": 2950.0, "end": 2955.0, "text": " but they have been forging and trying to be for 30 years anyway,"}, {"start": 2955.0, "end": 2957.0, "text": " what they have always wanted to be,"}, {"start": 2957.0, "end": 2959.0, "text": " an independent and high-rising people,"}, {"start": 2959.0, "end": 2963.0, "text": " with their own projects, with their own views of the world."}, {"start": 2963.0, "end": 2968.0, "text": " So, walking through Prague is a unique space,"}, {"start": 2968.0, "end": 2973.0, "text": " and that is a wonderful place to end our journey"}, {"start": 2973.0, "end": 2975.0, "text": " through the Austro-Hungarian Empire."}, {"start": 2975.0, "end": 2978.0, "text": " That is a wonderful place,"}, {"start": 2978.0, "end": 2981.0, "text": " around Prague and in the Czech Republic,"}, {"start": 2981.0, "end": 2987.0, "text": " there are those swimming pools where people used to take thermal baths,"}, {"start": 2987.0, "end": 2991.0, "text": " from which so many novels were made,"}, {"start": 2991.0, "end": 2996.0, "text": " like the ones written by Thomas Mann in The Magic Mountain,"}, {"start": 2996.0, "end": 3001.0, "text": " and also where Kafka went in his time,"}, {"start": 3001.0, "end": 3006.0, "text": " in the times of tuberculosis, by Karl Vibarri and Marian Watt."}, {"start": 3006.0, "end": 3014.0, "text": " All of this in a place in history that looks like a crystal ball in time,"}, {"start": 3014.0, "end": 3017.0, "text": " which is the Czech Republic and the city of Prague."}, {"start": 3017.0, "end": 3021.0, "text": " So, in the city of Prague, where all these wonders happen,"}, {"start": 3021.0, "end": 3026.0, "text": " where history, poetry, music, idealism,"}, {"start": 3026.0, "end": 3032.0, "text": " dream, politics, society, gothic, beauty, architecture,"}, {"start": 3032.0, "end": 3036.0, "text": " it is there, in the darkness of the nights of Prague,"}, {"start": 3036.0, "end": 3040.0, "text": " with the cellos that are its ambient sound,"}, {"start": 3040.0, "end": 3046.0, "text": " in that magnificent place where we end our journey"}, {"start": 3046.0, "end": 3048.0, "text": " through the Austro-Hungarian Empire."}, {"start": 3048.0, "end": 3052.0, "text": " There, we go to the airport,"}, {"start": 3052.0, "end": 3058.0, "text": " the group returns from the airport to Frankfurt via Bogot\u00e1,"}, {"start": 3058.0, "end": 3064.0, "text": " I go to Berlin, because I am looking at the moments before the fall of the wall."}, {"start": 3064.0, "end": 3069.0, "text": " My soul goes to that celebration of the 30 years"}, {"start": 3069.0, "end": 3072.0, "text": " in which history changed once again for all these peoples."}, {"start": 3072.0, "end": 3076.0, "text": " But our journey through the Austro-Hungarian Empire,"}, {"start": 3076.0, "end": 3082.0, "text": " our gazes at Poland, at everything that was Warsaw,"}, {"start": 3082.0, "end": 3090.0, "text": " Krakow, Zakopane, Budapest, all these wonders,"}, {"start": 3090.0, "end": 3095.0, "text": " Bratislava, Vienna, \u010cesk\u00fd Krumlov,"}, {"start": 3095.0, "end": 3100.0, "text": " all this ends at the highest point, in the splendor of Prague."}, {"start": 3100.0, "end": 3104.0, "text": " And there, at that point, our journey ends."}, {"start": 3104.0, "end": 3112.0, "text": " So, with this and the Ottoman Empire symbolized in Istanbul,"}, {"start": 3112.0, "end": 3117.0, "text": " in the European part, you understand, along with the trip to the Balkans,"}, {"start": 3117.0, "end": 3120.0, "text": " what the heart of Europe is about,"}, {"start": 3120.0, "end": 3127.0, "text": " where the true winds of what will be the gravitation of Europe are cooked."}, {"start": 3127.0, "end": 3131.0, "text": " We are used to hearing many more stories from the English,"}, {"start": 3131.0, "end": 3134.0, "text": " many more stories from the Spaniards,"}, {"start": 3134.0, "end": 3137.0, "text": " or many more stories from the Italians."}, {"start": 3137.0, "end": 3142.0, "text": " We do not know to a large extent how the heart of Europe"}, {"start": 3142.0, "end": 3147.0, "text": " beats in all these places and leads us to so many stories"}, {"start": 3147.0, "end": 3153.0, "text": " of what was one of the most powerful, most important and most forging empires"}, {"start": 3153.0, "end": 3156.0, "text": " in the history of Europe, which was the Austro-Hungarian Empire."}, {"start": 3156.0, "end": 3160.0, "text": " And with this we end our journey."}, {"start": 3160.0, "end": 3168.0, "text": " Through these beautiful, beautiful, glorious, dark and contradictory places"}, {"start": 3168.0, "end": 3174.0, "text": " in the history of the Europeans, the Slavic peoples, the Germanic peoples,"}, {"start": 3174.0, "end": 3181.0, "text": " the Mayan peoples and all those who composed this varied empire,"}, {"start": 3181.0, "end": 3187.0, "text": " which had esotericism as well as great Catholic fervors"}, {"start": 3187.0, "end": 3192.0, "text": " and which has a heart of art that crosses it from one end to the other."}, {"start": 3192.0, "end": 3196.0, "text": " So here, at this moment, we end this journey"}, {"start": 3196.0, "end": 3200.0, "text": " and we are looking forward to other destinations that we will know next week."}, {"start": 3206.0, "end": 3212.0, "text": " So, from the spaces of the Tower of the Clock, of the Plaza de San Wenceslao,"}, {"start": 3212.0, "end": 3218.0, "text": " of the Golem, of the Statue of the Jusitas, of the Clock,"}, {"start": 3218.0, "end": 3223.0, "text": " of the Point of the Round where you look at the Tower, of the Caf\u00e9s,"}, {"start": 3223.0, "end": 3227.0, "text": " of the Great Castle, of all the evocations, of the Utopia,"}, {"start": 3227.0, "end": 3234.0, "text": " of the Broken Dreams, of the Poets, from the spaces of Kundera and Kafka"}, {"start": 3234.0, "end": 3240.0, "text": " and from all this symbolic, poetic, architectural and wonderful universe"}, {"start": 3240.0, "end": 3245.0, "text": " that this city means, unique in history and in the world,"}, {"start": 3245.0, "end": 3247.0, "text": " in the narration of Ana Uribe."}, {"start": 3247.0, "end": 3250.0, "text": " And for you, happy day, whatever day it is."}, {"start": 3265.0, "end": 3268.0, "text": " I want to remind you that on the page www.dianauribe.fm"}, {"start": 3268.0, "end": 3272.0, "text": " you can find the notes and the playlist of the songs that we mentioned"}, {"start": 3272.0, "end": 3278.0, "text": " during the episode, so that you can listen to them, enjoy them, enjoy them."}, {"start": 3278.0, "end": 3283.0, "text": " This podcast was possible thanks to the team of La Casa de la Historia,"}, {"start": 3283.0, "end": 3286.0, "text": " Diana Su\u00e1rez, Milena Beltr\u00e1n, Daniel Moreno."}, {"start": 3286.0, "end": 3293.0, "text": " It was recorded at Los Gatos Studio, edited and musicalized by Eduardo Corredor Fonseca"}, {"start": 3293.0, "end": 3299.0, "text": " of Rueda Sonido and always with the strong and powerful help of Santiago Espinosa Uribe"}, {"start": 3299.0, "end": 3324.0, "text": " and Laura Rojas Aponte of the podcast Cosas de Internet."}]