It brought better-paying jobs to poor areas, but also undercut thousands of workers and small manufacturers in the Paris region.[3] Since the new factories often specialized in the least-skilled production jobs, moreover, “decentralization” actually reinforced Paris’s control over the national economy. ###>Tout en apportant de nouveaux emplois en province, elle a pénalisé des milliers d’ouvriers et de petites industries de la région parisienne[2].