<s>[INST] How long will the device last after implantation? Will it have to be replaced? [/INST] The device is meant to be permanent. Current testing and research suggest that the device could operate for many years without failure. If failures occur, the replacement of the filter and/or cells could be done through minimally invasive surgery. Source: UC San Francisco. Link: https://pharm.ucsf.edu/kidney/device/faq. Field: Nephrology. Disease: Kidney Disease </s>