<s>[INST] What is a urinary tract infection? [/INST] It is the presence of bacteria in the urinary system. This infection can develop in the bladder (cystitis), urethra (urethritis) or kidneys (pyelonephritis), and this is a very common medical complaint.
In the vast majority of cases, microorganisms reach the urinary tract from the outside, through the urethra. The female urethra, being anatomically close to the anus and much shorter than the male urethra, makes urinary tract infections more common in women. Source: OVAL MEDICAL CENTRE CO UK. Link: https://blog.ovalmedicalcentre.co.uk/urinary-tract-infection-6-most-frequently-asked-questions/. Field: Urology. Disease: Urinary Tract Infection </s>