The supervision was either given in the form of meaning representations aligned with sentences (Zettlemoyer and Collins, 2005; Ge and Mooney, 2005; Mooney, 2007) or in a somewhat more relaxed form, such as lists of candidate meanings for each sentence (Kate and Mooney, 2007; Chen and Mooney, 2008) or formal representations of the described world state for each text<cite> (Liang et al., 2009)</cite> .