We wish to apply this direct, Bayesian approach to learn better translation rules for syntaxbased statistical MT (SSMT), by which we specifically refer to MT systems using Tree-to-String (TTS) translation templates derived from syntax trees (Liu et al., 2006; Huang et al., 2006;<cite> Galley et al., 2006</cite>; May and Knight, 2007) , as opposed to formally syntactic systems such as Hiero (Chiang, 2007) .