DETOX <cite>(Wulczyn et al., 2017)</cite> was the previous state of the art in comment moderation, in the sense that it had the best reported results on the Wikipedia datasets (Section 2.2), which were in turn the largest previous publicly available dataset of moderated user comments. 8 DETOX represents each comment as a bag of word n-grams (n ≤ 2, each comment becomes a bag containing its 1-grams and 2-grams) or a bag of character n-grams (n ≤ 5, each comment becomes a bag containing character 1-grams, . . . , 5-grams). DETOX can rely on a logistic regression (LR) or MLP classifier, and it can use binary or probabilistic gold labels (Section 2.2) during training.