For our base line parse accuracy, we used the now standard division of the WSJ (see Collins 1997 <cite>Collins , 1999</cite> Charniak 1997 Charniak , 2000 Ratnaparkhi 1999 ) with sections 2 through 21 for training (approx. 40,000 sentences) and section 23 for testing (2416 sentences ≤ 100 words); section 22 was used as development set.