To solve the problem,<cite> Cahill and van Genabith (2006)</cite> apply an automatic generation grammar transformation to their training data: they automatically label CFG nodes with additional case information and the model now learns the new improved generation rules of Tables 4 and 5 . Note how the additional case labelling subverts the problematic independence assumptions of the probability model and communicates the fact that a subject NP has to be realised as nominative case from the S → NP-nom VP production, via the intermediate NP-nom → PRP-nom, down to the lexical production PRP-nom → she.