Spectral-decomposition methods such as singular value decomposition (SVD) and principal component analysis (PCA) are usually used in this line of research (Caron 2001; Bullinaria and Levy 2012; Turney 2012; Levy and Goldberg 2014; Levy, Goldberg, and Dagan 2015;<cite> Mu and Viswanath 2018)</cite> .