A Survey on the Security and the Evolution of Osmotic and Catalytic Computing for 5G Networks <s> Survey Year Application Area Key Contribution <s> Abstract The recent advancements in the field of next generation mobile communication provides scope to a variety of new areas by connecting various devices through a common platform for data transfer. The addition of several applications like e-health monitoring, smart homes, surveillance etc can be managed from a remote location. It not only opens the door for new researches but also boost the requirement to secure the network from the eye of the potential attackers. In this paper, a detailed survey has been done on security issues and their possible solutions in Ultra Dense Networks for 5G wireless network architecture. With this, a detailed explanation about security issues of physical layer in Massive MIMO, Jamming, VANET and D2D have been provided with best efforts. Also, the description about the security flaws of spectrum shared, IoT devices have been explained. At the end, the architecture for security attacks in UDN has been proposed with proper thought process in the increasing order of their risk factor. <s> BIB001 </s> A Survey on the Security and the Evolution of Osmotic and Catalytic Computing for 5G Networks <s> Survey Year Application Area Key Contribution <s> This paper presents a comprehensive survey of existing authentication and privacy-preserving schemes for 4G and 5G cellular networks. We start by providing an overview of existing surveys that deal with 4G and 5G communications, applications, standardization, and security. Then, we give a classification of threat models in 4G and 5G cellular networks in four categories, including, attacks against privacy, attacks against integrity, attacks against availability, and attacks against authentication. We also provide a classification of countermeasures into three types of categories, including, cryptography methods, humans factors, and intrusion detection methods. The countermeasures and informal and formal security analysis techniques used by the authentication and privacy preserving schemes are summarized in form of tables. Based on the categorization of the authentication and privacy models, we classify these schemes in seven types, including, handover authentication with privacy, mutual authentication with privacy, RFID authentication with privacy, deniable authentication with privacy, authentication with mutual anonymity, authentication and key agreement with privacy, and three-factor authentication with privacy. In addition, we provide a taxonomy and comparison of authentication and privacy-preserving schemes for 4G and 5G cellular networks in form of tables. Based on the current survey, several recommendations for further research are discussed at the end of this paper. <s> BIB002 </s> A Survey on the Security and the Evolution of Osmotic and Catalytic Computing for 5G Networks <s> Survey Year Application Area Key Contribution <s> The advanced features of 5G mobile wireless network systems yield new security requirements and challenges. This paper presents a comprehensive study on the security of 5G wireless network systems compared with the traditional cellular networks. The paper starts with a review on 5G wireless networks particularities as well as on the new requirements and motivations of 5G wireless security. The potential attacks and security services are summarized with the consideration of new service requirements and new use cases in 5G wireless networks. The recent development and the existing schemes for the 5G wireless security are presented based on the corresponding security services, including authentication, availability, data confidentiality, key management, and privacy. This paper further discusses the new security features involving different technologies applied to 5G, such as heterogeneous networks, device-to-device communications, massive multiple-input multiple-output, software-defined networks, and Internet of Things. Motivated by these security research and development activities, we propose a new 5G wireless security architecture, based on which the analysis of identity management and flexible authentication is provided. As a case study, we explore a handover procedure as well as a signaling load scheme to show the advantages of the proposed security architecture. The challenges and future directions of 5G wireless security are finally summarized. <s> BIB003 </s> A Survey on the Security and the Evolution of Osmotic and Catalytic Computing for 5G Networks <s> Survey Year Application Area Key Contribution <s> Security threats and economic loss caused by network attacks, intrusions, and vulnerabilities have motivated intensive studies on network security. Normally, data collected in a network system can reflect or can be used to detect security threats. We define these data as network security-related data. Studying and analyzing security-related data can help detect network attacks and intrusions, thus making it possible to further measure the security level of the whole network system. Obviously, the first step in detecting network attacks and intrusions is to collect security-related data. However, in the context of big data and 5G, there exist a number of challenges in collecting these security-related data. In this paper, we first briefly introduce network security-related data, including its definition and characteristics, and the applications of network data collection. We then provide the requirements and objectives for security-related data collection and present a taxonomy of data collection technologies. Moreover, we review existing collection nodes, collection tools, and collection mechanisms in terms of network data collection and analyze them based on the proposed requirements and objectives toward high quality security-related data collection. Finally, we discuss open research issues and conclude with suggestions for future research directions. <s> BIB004 </s> A Survey on the Security and the Evolution of Osmotic and Catalytic Computing for 5G Networks <s> Survey Year Application Area Key Contribution <s> Over the last decades, numerous security and privacy issues in all three active mobile network generations have been revealed that threaten users as well as network providers. In view of the newest generation (5G) currently under development, we now have the unique opportunity to identify research directions for the next generation based on existing security and privacy issues as well as already proposed defenses. This paper aims to unify security knowledge on mobile phone networks into a comprehensive overview and to derive pressing open research questions. To achieve this systematically, we develop a methodology that categorizes known attacks by their aim, proposed defenses, underlying causes, and root causes. Further, we assess the impact and the efficacy of each attack and defense. We then apply this methodology to existing literature on attacks and defenses in all three network generations. By doing so, we identify ten causes and four root causes for attacks. Mapping the attacks to proposed defenses and suggestions for the 5G specification enables us to uncover open research questions and challenges for the development of next-generation mobile networks. The problems of unsecured pre-authentication traffic and jamming attacks exist across all three mobile generations. They should be addressed in the future, in particular to wipe out the class of downgrade attacks and, thereby, strengthen the users’ privacy. Further advances are needed in the areas of inter-operator protocols as well as secure baseband implementations. Additionally, mitigations against denial-of-service attacks by smart protocol design represent an open research question. <s> BIB005 </s> A Survey on the Security and the Evolution of Osmotic and Catalytic Computing for 5G Networks <s> Survey Year Application Area Key Contribution <s> Physical layer security which safeguards data confidentiality based on the information-theoretic approaches has received significant research interest recently. The key idea behind physical layer security is to utilize the intrinsic randomness of the transmission channel to guarantee the security in physical layer. The evolution towards 5G wireless communications poses new challenges for physical layer security research. This paper provides a latest survey of the physical layer security research on various promising 5G technologies, including physical layer security coding, massive multiple-input multiple-output, millimeter wave communications, heterogeneous networks, non-orthogonal multiple access, full duplex technology, etc. Technical challenges which remain unresolved at the time of writing are summarized and the future trends of physical layer security in 5G and beyond are discussed. <s> BIB006
Chopra et al. BIB001 2017 Ultra-dense network Discuss security issues, challenges and respective solutions for 5G ultra dense wireless networks. Ferrag et al. BIB002 2017 Cellular networks Presents the classification and comparisons of the authentication and privacy-preserving schemes, threat models and respective countermeasures against the attacks. Fang et al. BIB003 2018 5G Mobile Wireless Networks The authors discuss the recent development of security solution in the era of 5G. The author includes discussion on the security features with the recent technologies like HetNet, D2D, Massive-MIMO, SDN and IoT. Lin et al. BIB004 2018 Network Security The authors present the taxonomy of the network security-related data collection technologies. The authors analyze the data collection nodes, mechanism and tools. Rupprecht et al. BIB005 2018 Mobile Network Generations The authors discuss the root cause for attacks and their defense. The authors discuss the challenges and research directions on the 5G security. Ahmad et al.  2018 5G Networks The authors review the challenges and issues of privacy and security in the clouds, software defined networking, and network functions virtualization and presents respective solution for these issues. Wu et al. BIB006 2018 5G Wireless Networks The author presents the survey on the physical layer security techniques, challenges associated with these technologies and future trends. Ji et al.  2018 5G Networks The authors analyze the security requirements of 5G business applications, network architecture, the air interface, and user privacy. Panwar et al.  2016 5G mobile communication The authors discuss the limitations of 4G and features of 5G. The authors discuss challenges, technologies, proposed architecture and implementation issues. Le et al.  2016 5G Networks The authors discuss the technologies which enable 5G mobile communications. The authors emphasized on the challenging issues and future directions in 5G mobile access networks.