A review on heat and mass integration techniques for energy and material minimization during CO2 capture <s> The simultaneous synthesis method <s> Abstract The heat exchanger network (HEN) synthesis problem based on entransy theory is analyzed. According to the characteristics of entransy representation of thermal potential energy, the entransy dissipation represents the irreversibility of the heat transfer process, the temperature difference determines the entransy dissipation, and four HEN design steps based on entransy theory are put forward. The present study shows how it is possible to set energy targets based on entransy and achieve them with a network of heat exchangers by an example of heat exchanger network design for four streams. In order to verify the correctness of the heat exchanger networks design method based on entransy theory, the synthesis of the HEN for the diesel hydrogenation unit is studied. Using the heat exchange networks design method based on entransy theory, the HEN obtained is consistent with energy targets. The entransy transfer efficiency of HEN based on entransy theory is 92.29%, higher than the entransy transfer efficiency of the maximum heat recovery network based on pinch technology. <s> BIB001 </s> A review on heat and mass integration techniques for energy and material minimization during CO2 capture <s> The simultaneous synthesis method <s> Abstract Dealing with uncertainty is one of practical issues in design and operation of heat exchanger networks (HENs), arising the problem of flexible HEN synthesis. This paper addresses the state-of-the-art methods for flexible HEN synthesis based on sensitivity analysis, resilience analysis, flexibility analysis and multiperiod synthesis techniques as well. Each of these methods is summarized by presenting their general procedures and recent developments on modeling, solving strategies and applications. Some current topics related to flexible process synthesis have been briefly presented to provide several future research possibilities. <s> BIB002
Heat and mass exchanger networks are synthesized simultaneously when it is necessary to achieve an optimal network without decomposing the task into sub-problems BIB002 . The simultaneous technique considers the problem as a whole task and solves directly without splitting it into smaller tasks. The simultaneous synthesis method basically involves the formulation of mixed-integer nonlinear programs (MINLP) for the heat and mass exchanger problems. The solution obtained is dependent on the simplifying assumptions made to solve the complex models. Simultaneous synthesis of HENs and MENs involve the use of superstructures or stage-wise superstructures comprising a variety of structural possibilities to optimize and eliminate redundant features BIB001 . Trade-offs between capital cost (fixed costs of heat/ mass exchanger units and area costs) and operating cost (cost of hot and cold utilities) are considered in a single optimization framework. A schematic step by step procedure for 