Cyber-Physical Systems Security—A Survey <s> 4) Smart Cars Attacks: a) DoS: <s> Abstract The IT security of automotive systems is an evolving area of research. To analyse the current situation and the potentially growing tendency of arising threats we performed several practical tests on recent automotive technology. With a focus on automotive systems based on CAN bus technology, this article summarises the results of four selected tests performed on the control systems for the window lift, warning light and airbag control system as well as the central gateway. These results are supplemented in this article by a classification of these four attack scenarios using the established CERT taxonomy and an analysis of underlying security vulnerabilities, and especially, potential safety implications. With respect to the results of these tests, in this article we further discuss two selected countermeasures to address basic weaknesses exploited in our tests. These are adaptations of intrusion detection (discussing three exemplary detection patterns) and IT-forensic measures (proposing proactive measures based on a forensic model). This article discusses both looking at the four attack scenarios introduced before, covering their capabilities and restrictions. While these reactive approaches are short-term measures, which could already be added to today’s automotive IT architecture, long-term concepts also are shortly introduced, which are mainly preventive but will require a major redesign. Beneath a short overview on respective research approaches, we discuss their individual requirements, potential and restrictions. <s> BIB001 </s> Cyber-Physical Systems Security—A Survey <s> 4) Smart Cars Attacks: a) DoS: <s> This paper presents an overview of the current state-of-the-art of security and privacy concerns regarding RFID-based car key applications. We will first present a general overview of the technology and its evolution before moving on to an overview and discussion of the various known security weaknesses and attacks against such systems and the associated privacy risks they introduce. <s> BIB002
One form of DoS attacks is where an attacker prevents passengers from closing any opened windows. Another is to disable the warning lights or the theft alarm system, so that the car cannot produce warnings and alarms when needed BIB001 . In addition, jamming of wireless communications is also a form of DoS such as jamming RKE signals BIB002 .