A Survey of Routing Techniques for Mobile Collaborative Virtual Environment Applications <s> Hybrid Network Overlay <s> While peer-to-peer (P2P) has emerged as a new hot communication concept among the Internet users, mobile usage of P2P applications is still taking its first steps. This article first elaborates the evolutionary process that P2P architectures are going through. Challenges and requirements for mobile P2P are then identified, followed by a definition of a novel Plug-and-Play Application Platform (PnPAP). This platform enables dynamic selections between diverse P2P and session management protocols while preserving the best available network connectivity through Holistic Connectivity (HCon) management. On-the-fly reconfiguration and run-time parameter optimization can be done with a lightweight interpretable state machine. The concept enables flexible and seamless communications for mobile devices in P2P networks. <s> BIB001 </s> A Survey of Routing Techniques for Mobile Collaborative Virtual Environment Applications <s> Hybrid Network Overlay <s> The availability of powerful personal computers and high bandwidth home connectivity is changing the way users cooperate and exchange information on the network. Peer to peer computing is becoming a common paradigm for many distributed applications, allowing for extensive resource sharing and direct communication among peers. Recently, the wide spreading of new wireless communication technologies and personal computing devices, enables the adoption of the P2P paradigm also in mobile environments. However, several questions arise when trying to develop such systems: existing solutions do not address all the requirements of these environments. In this paper we present a framework to develop mobile applications which exploits the P2P paradigm: it is designed to work on J2ME enabled mobile devices, interacting with each other in an ad-hoc fashion. The designed framework is also interoperable with JXTA, a well-known P2P open platform. <s> BIB002
Hybrid approach is the advantage combination of the centralized and decentralized schemes. JXTA BIB002 is a well-known example of a hybrid approach where only selected nodes, called super-peers, are used for resource discovery and query process. Traditional JXTA BIB002 cannot be a feasible solution for mobile applications due to message flooding, network heterogeneity, and wireless link reliability problems. As a result, the JXTA community developed a light version in order to support the mobility requirement. Two different platforms were designed: JXME Proxied and JXME Proxyless. Proxyless is still under construction, and thus, a number of design and implementation issues need revision. The JXME Proxied platform is based on a hybrid peer-to-peer mode, it relies on central entities in order to play a proxy role between nodes belonging to the same JXME virtual network, and all mobile devices must be in proximity to the server (JXTA relay) so that they can communicate through this server. This approach, however, considers only cellular network and does not aim to match the virtual network to its physical counterpart. Another problem with JXME is interoperability; JXME is made exclusively for J2ME (Java 2 Micro Edition). PnPAP BIB001 (Plug and Play Application Platform) is a hybrid system solution through which applications can access different types of networks over various protocols (SIP, JXME BIB002 , and Jabber); PnPAP offers free opportunity and simplicity since it allows users to employ many network technologies simultaneously in the network layer.