A Survey of Robot-Assisted Language Learning (RALL) <s> Pronunciation <s> voice recognition technology with a tangible learning companion/robot which our research team developed to enhance English learning conversation for beginners. In this study, we collected the users’ needs analysis of using tangible learning companion first then did a pilot test to analyze its usability. The results show that the learners improved their pronunciation to achieve right voice recognition through practicing with the learning companion and the tangible learning companion can promote the less proficient learners’confidence. Moreover, we also noticed that learning with the tangible learning companion could increase the pleasure of learning speaking English and tactile interactions between learners. <s> BIB001 </s> A Survey of Robot-Assisted Language Learning (RALL) <s> Pronunciation <s> This study introduces the educational assistant robots that we developed for foreign language learning and explores the effectiveness of robot-assisted language learning (RALL) which is in its early stages. To achieve this purpose, a course was designed in which students have meaningful interactions with intelligent robots in an immersive environment. A total of 24 elementary students, ranging in age from ten to twelve, were enrolled in English lessons. A pre-test/post-test design was used to investigate the cognitive effects of the RALL approach on the students??? oral skills. No significant difference in the listening skill was found, but the speaking skills improved with a large effect size at the significance level of 0.01. Descriptive statistics and the pre-test/post-test design were used to investigate the affective effects of RALL approach. The result showed that RALL promoted and improved students??? satisfaction, interest, confidence, and motivation at the significance level of 0.01. <s> BIB002
Few studies in RALL have directly measured pronunciation improvement. Over the course of an eight-week study conducted by Lee et al., children's pronunciation saw significant improvements BIB002 . This was true for both beginner and intermediate level students. Wang et al. also noted improvements in pronunciation, though interestingly, this was driven by students' desire to be understood by the voice recognition module BIB001 .