Survey: Cybersecurity Vulnerabilities, Attacks and Solutions in the Medical Domain <s> D. NONINVASIVE ECG SENSORS <s> Enterprise Service Bus (ESB) is a standard software architecture based on an event-driven messaging engine,of which message bus is the foundation.In order to achieve an effective,secure and available ESB,this paper analyzed the key components and working principles of messaging on traditional ESB,and then proposed the design and implementation of an enterprise level messaging system,which had the functions of message splitter,message compression,message encryption,message resume,and queues cluster.The application result shows that improving the messaging model can further improve the performance of ESB. <s> BIB001 </s> Survey: Cybersecurity Vulnerabilities, Attacks and Solutions in the Medical Domain <s> D. NONINVASIVE ECG SENSORS <s> Contemporary health care systems are increasingly incorporating medical sensors and automatically controlled actuation devices to deliver smart and proactive health services. The embedded devices used in this regard continuously interact with the human body or patient either through sensing of physiological signals or through the execution of critical medical actuation such as drug delivery. Given the high risks in their deployment, patient safety during operation of these Cyber-Physical Medical Systems (CPMSes) has to be guaranteed even before use. This paper proposes CPS-MAS, a cyber-physical medical system modeling and analysis framework for safety verification. However, given the complex nature of interaction of the medical devices with the human body, characterized by non-linearity, transport delay, spatio-temporal effects, and nontrivial aggregation of interaction during networked operation of devices, such modeling and analysis is a challenging problem. The paper describes an approach to formal modeling and analysis of CPMSes with the help of two examples related to analgesic drug delivery and chemotherapy. <s> BIB002 </s> Survey: Cybersecurity Vulnerabilities, Attacks and Solutions in the Medical Domain <s> D. NONINVASIVE ECG SENSORS <s> Detection and analysis of magnetic nanoobjects is a crucial task in modern diagnostic and therapeutic techniques applied to medicine and biology. Accomplishment of this task calls for the development and implementation of electronic elements directly in fluidic channels, which still remains an open and nontrivial issue. Here, we present a novel concept based on rolled-up nanotechnology for fabrication of multifunctional devices, which can be straightforwardly integrated into existing fluidic architectures. We apply strain engineering to roll-up a functional nanomembrane consisting of a magnetic sensor element based on [Py/Cu]30 multilayers, revealing giant magnetoresistance (GMR). The comparison of the sensor’s characteristics before and after the roll-up process is found to be similar, allowing for a reliable and predictable method to fabricate high-quality ultracompact GMR devices. The performance of the rolled-up magnetic sensor was optimized to achieve high sensitivity to weak magnetic fields. We demo... <s> BIB003
Electrocardiography is an objective indicator of the occurrence, spread and recovery of heart excitement. The relationships between ECG waveforms and the myocardial action potentials and patterns of action potentials traced by single cardiomyocytes are significantly different from the electrocardiogram of each cardiac cycle because the cardiomyocyte action potential is the change of the membrane potential of a single cell and the electrocardiogram is the instantaneous change of the potential of the functional syncytium composed of many cardiomyocytes, which changes with the propagation and recovery process of the heart, which is the function of the syncytium. Not only is the action potentially different from that of a single cardiomyocyte but the waveforms of multiple leads are also different. For the cyber-physical med-ical systems mentioned by Hu  , the rapid development of embedded computing and sensing technology has led to the emergence of intelligent biomedical devices, such as automatic infusion pumps, implantable imaging systems and noninvasive ECG sensors. These architectures are usually implanted in the human body and interact through induction and drive. These network-physical health systems are increasingly being used for critical tasks such as postoperative care, drug delivery and chemotherapy. The analog front-end mentioned by Banerjee et al. BIB002 has a large impact on system performance. The enhanced architecture described below uses high-precision, high-speed analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) to provide high fidelity over a wide frequency range. Rather than using capacitive coupling, the AEF is driven by a digital-to-analog converter (DAC), allowing the AFE to recover quickly from defibrillation or RF interference. The digitized pacing signal allows for the analysis of pacing data, reducing false pacing indications and detecting defects in pacemakers or connected parts. However, we must also consider that the enhancement system requires expensive components and consumes considerable power. In contrast, the simplified AFE is inexpensive, the battery life is long, and the other characteristics are very small. These devices can be used immediately during a heart attack, releasing a high-energy electrical pulse to the chest, pacing the heart and returning it to a normal heart rate. If the wrong timing is used, then the pulse shock can be lifethreatening. Therefore, the ECG must be able to prevent this accident. The automated external defibrillator mentioned by Barbosa et al. generally has only one lead and its electrodes are used to both release high-voltage pulses and to collect ECG signals. The winding nanotechnology mentioned by Lin and Huang BIB001 , used to make multifunction devices, can be directly integrated into existing fluid structures. The efficiency of the wound magnetic sensor is augmented for high sensitivity to weaken the magnetic fields. The winding tube is effectively applied as a fluid channel, and an embedded magnetic sensor device provides the significant function for detecting and responding to the magnetic field. The deep sensor architecture mentioned by Mönch et al. BIB003 enables collection of the most relevant data in an environment, i.e., behavioral data about every user, process, and network connection across the infrastructure. The sensor's unique technology runs continuously in the user space, making it impossible to crash the system while providing full visibility to all activities at the kernel level. The highly reliable sensor sends data to the behavioral intelligence engine-even when off-network and offline. Table 10 shows the possible solutions for the Noninvasive ECG sensors.