Survey of Promising Technologies for 5G Networks <s> Applications. <s> Wireless personal area network and wireless sensor networks are rapidly gaining popularity, and the IEEE 802.15 Wireless Personal Area Working Group has defined no less than different standards so as to cater to the requirements of different applications. The ubiquitous home network has gained widespread attentions due to its seamless integration into everyday life. This innovative system transparently unifies various home appliances, smart sensors and energy technologies. The smart energy market requires two types of ZigBee networks for device control and energy management. Today, organizations use IEEE 802.15.4 and ZigBee to effectively deliver solutions for a variety of areas including consumer electronic device control, energy management and efficiency, home and commercial building automation as well as industrial plant management. We present the design of a multi-sensing, heating and airconditioning system and actuation application - the home users: a sensor network-based smart light control system for smart home and energy control production. This paper designs smart home device descriptions and standard practices for demand response and load management "Smart Energy" applications needed in a smart energy based residential or light commercial environment. The control application domains included in this initial version are sensing device control, pricing and demand response and load control applications. This paper introduces smart home interfaces and device definitions to allow interoperability among ZigBee devices produced by various manufacturers of electrical equipment, meters, and smart energy enabling products. We introduced the proposed home energy control systems design that provides intelligent services for users and we demonstrate its implementation using a real testbad. <s> BIB001 </s> Survey of Promising Technologies for 5G Networks <s> Applications. <s> The design and development of wearable biosensor systems for health monitoring has garnered lots of attention in the scientific community and the industry during the last years. Mainly motivated by increasing healthcare costs and propelled by recent technological advances in miniature biosensing devices, smart textiles, microelectronics, and wireless communications, the continuous advance of wearable sensor-based systems will potentially transform the future of healthcare by enabling proactive personal health management and ubiquitous monitoring of a patient's health condition. These systems can comprise various types of small physiological sensors, transmission modules and processing capabilities, and can thus facilitate low-cost wearable unobtrusive solutions for continuous all-day and any-place health, mental and activity status monitoring. This paper attempts to comprehensively review the current research and development on wearable biosensor systems for health monitoring. A variety of system implementations are compared in an approach to identify the technological shortcomings of the current state-of-the-art in wearable biosensor solutions. An emphasis is given to multiparameter physiological sensing system designs, providing reliable vital signs measurements and incorporating real-time decision support for early detection of symptoms or context awareness. In order to evaluate the maturity level of the top current achievements in wearable health-monitoring systems, a set of significant features, that best describe the functionality and the characteristics of the systems, has been selected to derive a thorough study. The aim of this survey is not to criticize, but to serve as a reference for researchers and developers in this scientific area and to provide direction for future research improvements. <s> BIB002 </s> Survey of Promising Technologies for 5G Networks <s> Applications. <s> In this paper, a platform for livestock management based on RFID-enabled mobile devices is described. The platform is the outcome of a research project named FARMA, and is based on the deployment of mobile computing, combined with RFID technology and wireless and mobile networking. The platform apart from using a data repository through which the RFID tag numbers are associated with animal data records, it introduces the use of rewritable tags, for the storage of information that can be used to identify the animal in case it gets lost, or even recognize some basic information about it (e.g. behavior against other animals) without the need of contacting the related database. An implementation in the context of the FARMA project is also given, together with the corresponding details, while the results of the evaluation that took place in the context of the project are discussed. <s> BIB003 </s> Survey of Promising Technologies for 5G Networks <s> Applications. <s> In this paper we present a review of the state of the art of smart homes. We will first look at the research work related to smart homes from various view points; first in the view point of specific techniques such as smart homes that utilize computer vision based techniques, smart homes that utilize audio-based techniques and then smart homes that utilize multimodal techniques. Then we look at it from the view point of specific applications of smart homes such as eldercare and childcare applications, energy efficiency applications and finally in the research directions of multimedia retrieval for ubiquitous environments. We will summarize the smart homes based research into these two categories. In the survey we found out that some well-known smart home applications like video based security applications has seen the maturity in terms of new research directions while some topics like smart homes for energy efficiency and video summarization are gaining momentum. <s> BIB004 </s> Survey of Promising Technologies for 5G Networks <s> Applications. <s> The current smart home is a ubiquitous computing environment consisting of multiple autonomous spaces, and its advantage is that a service interacting with home users can be set with different configurations in space, hardware, software, and quality. As well as being smart technologically speaking, a smart home should also never forget to retain the “home nature” when it is serving its users. In this paper, we first analyze the relationship among services, spaces, and users, and then we propose a framework as well as a corresponding algorithm to model their interaction relationship. Later, we also realize the human-system interaction framework to implement a smart home system and develop “pervasive applications” to demonstrate how to utilize our framework to fulfill the human-centric interaction requirement of a smart home. Finally, our preliminary evaluations show that our proposed work can enhance the performance of the human-system interaction in a smart home environment. <s> BIB005 </s> Survey of Promising Technologies for 5G Networks <s> Applications. <s> According to condition that safety situation of national coal mine production remains serious, and serious accidents have not been effectively curbed, current status of safety supervision informationization is analyzed. Through introducing concept of Internet of Things (IOT), view of using IOT to help safety supervising authorities of coal mine strengthen supervision on enterprises implementing principal responsibility for safety was put forward, and specific application of IOT in safety supervision of coal mine was analyzed thoroughly. Program of networked remote inspecting technology on basis of IOT was proposed, which provides a new way for innovating supervising way, thereby working effectiveness of supervision against coal mine can be enhanced, and serious situation of safe production in coal mines can be improved, finally safe and stable development of coal industry can be further promoted. <s> BIB006 </s> Survey of Promising Technologies for 5G Networks <s> Applications. <s> Tailings disposal is a significant consideration for the mining industry, with the majority of the ore processed in most mining operations ending up as tailings. Several tailings dam failure accidents have occurred during the past few years and mine tailings dam failures, which are disastrous with the serious damage and the loss of lives, are occurring at relatively high rates. To improve the tailings dam safety, a tailings dam monitoring and pre-alarm system (TDMPAS) based on the internet of things (IOT) and cloud computing (CC) is accomplished with the abilities of real-time monitoring of the saturated line, impounded water level and the dam deformation. TDMPAS has helped the mine engineers monitor the dam safety 24/7 and acquire pre-alarm information automatically and remotely in any kind of weather conditions. TDMPAS has been applied in several mines and has demonstrated the feasibility of monitoring the tailings dam physical condition. <s> BIB007 </s> Survey of Promising Technologies for 5G Networks <s> Applications. <s> Abstract In this article, an embedded system development platform based on GSM communication is proposed. Through its application in hydrology monitoring management, the author makes discussion about communication reliability and lightning protection, suggests detail solutions, and also analyzes design and realization of upper computer software. Finally, communication program is given. Hydrology monitoring system from wireless communication network is a typical practical application of embedded system, which has realized intelligence, modernization, high-efficiency and networking of hydrology monitoring management. <s> BIB008 </s> Survey of Promising Technologies for 5G Networks <s> Applications. <s> Society is becoming increasingly aware of the impact that our lifestyle choices make on energy usage and the environment. As a result, research attention is being directed toward green technology, environmentally-friendly building designs, and smart grids. This paper looks at the user side of sustainability. In particular, it looks at energy consumption in everyday home environments to examine the relationship between behavioral patterns and energy consumption. It first demonstrates how data mining techniques may be used to find patterns and anomalies in smart home-based energy data. Next, it describes a method to correlate home-based activities with electricity usage. Finally, it describes how this information could inform users about their personal energy consumption and to support activities in a more energy-efficient manner. These approaches are validated by using real energy data collected in a set of smart home testbeds. <s> BIB009 </s> Survey of Promising Technologies for 5G Networks <s> Applications. <s> The traditional view of Internet of Things (IoT) attempts to connect all the physical objects to build a global, infrastructure-based IoT. In this paper, however, we will present opportunistic IoT, which is formed based on the ad hoc, opportunistic networking of devices (e.g., mobile phones and smart vehicles) using short-range radio techniques (e.g., Bluetooth and Wi-Fi). The opportunistic IoT demonstrates inherently the close relationship between human and opportunistic connection of smart things. It enables information forwarding and dissemination within and among the opportunistic communities formed based on the movement and opportunistic contact nature of human. We characterize the bi-directional effects between human and opportunistic IoT, discuss the technical challenges faced by this new research field, and propose a reference architecture for developing opportunistic IoT systems. Some of our ongoing practices, including opportunistic mobile social networking, opportunistic marketing, and community service provision are further presented to demonstrate the potential application areas and technical solutions of opportunistic IoT. <s> BIB010 </s> Survey of Promising Technologies for 5G Networks <s> Applications. <s> Abstract Along with the development of human-computer interaction technology and improvement of people's living standards, study of Internet of things (IoT) has become the focus for years. Meanwhile, smart home system has drawn more and more attention in IoT. In correlative research, artificial psychology theory and the harmony of human-computer interaction play an important role in smart home of IoT. In this study, software platform of the management system in smart home is designed, and users are Chinese. So the language in the system is Chinese. To analyze the basic interaction between users and computer, calendar, weather forecast, internet browsing, several electrical models are designed. To deal with the humanized interaction between human and computers, some features are implemented such as: analysis of emotional models, creation of the emotional models, text emotion recognition, and other basic functions in human-computer interaction. <s> BIB011 </s> Survey of Promising Technologies for 5G Networks <s> Applications. <s> Providing accurate and opportune information on people's activities and behaviors is one of the most important tasks in pervasive computing. Innumerable applications can be visualized, for instance, in medical, security, entertainment, and tactical scenarios. Despite human activity recognition (HAR) being an active field for more than a decade, there are still key aspects that, if addressed, would constitute a significant turn in the way people interact with mobile devices. This paper surveys the state of the art in HAR based on wearable sensors. A general architecture is first presented along with a description of the main components of any HAR system. We also propose a two-level taxonomy in accordance to the learning approach (either supervised or semi-supervised) and the response time (either offline or online). Then, the principal issues and challenges are discussed, as well as the main solutions to each one of them. Twenty eight systems are qualitatively evaluated in terms of recognition performance, energy consumption, obtrusiveness, and flexibility, among others. Finally, we present some open problems and ideas that, due to their high relevance, should be addressed in future research. <s> BIB012 </s> Survey of Promising Technologies for 5G Networks <s> Applications. <s> In this paper, we have reported an effective implementation for Internet of Things used for monitoring regular domestic conditions by means of low cost ubiquitous sensing system. The description about the integrated network architecture and the interconnecting mechanisms for the reliable measurement of parameters by smart sensors and transmission of data via internet is being presented. The longitudinal learning system was able to provide a self-control mechanism for better operation of the devices in monitoring stage. The framework of the monitoring system is based on a combination of pervasive distributed sensing units, information system for data aggregation, and reasoning and context awareness. Results are encouraging as the reliability of sensing information transmission through the proposed integrated network architecture is 97%. The prototype was tested to generate real-time graphical information rather than a test bed scenario. <s> BIB013 </s> Survey of Promising Technologies for 5G Networks <s> Applications. <s> The purpose of this survey is to present a critical overview of smart grid concepts, with a special focus on the role that communication, networking and middleware technologies will have in the transformation of existing electric power systems into smart grids. First of all we elaborate on the key technological, economical and societal drivers for the development of smart grids. By adopting a data-centric perspective we present a conceptual model of communication systems for smart grids, and we identify functional components, technologies, network topologies and communication services that are needed to support smart grid communications. Then, we introduce the fundamental research challenges in this field including communication reliability and timeliness, QoS support, data management services, and autonomic behaviors. Finally, we discuss the main solutions proposed in the literature for each of them, and we identify possible future research directions. <s> BIB014 </s> Survey of Promising Technologies for 5G Networks <s> Applications. <s> Considering physical sensors with certain sensing capabilities in an Internet-of-Things (IoTs) sensory environment, in this paper, we propose an efficient energy management framework to control the duty cycles of these sensors under quality-of-information (QoI) expectations in a multitask-oriented environment. Contrary to past research efforts, our proposal is transparent and compatible both with the underlying low-layer protocols and diverse applications, and preserving energy-efficiency in the long run without sacrificing the QoI levels attained. In particular, we first introduce the novel concept of QoI-aware sensor-to-task relevancy to explicitly consider the sensing capabilities offered by a sensor to the IoT sensory environments, and QoI requirements required by a task. Second, we propose a novel concept of the critical covering set of any given task in selecting the sensors to service a task over time. Third, energy management decision is made dynamically at runtime, to reach the optimum for long-term application arrivals and departures under the constraint of their service delay. We show a case study to utilize sensors to perform environmental monitoring with a complete set of performance analysis. We further consider the signal propagation and processing latency into the proposal, and provide a thorough analysis on its impact on average measured delay probability. <s> BIB015 </s> Survey of Promising Technologies for 5G Networks <s> Applications. <s> A relevant aspect when evaluating the city smartness is related to the innovative approach to urban traffic management. We present a system called city kernel, designed to handle several subsystems, each addressing a specific sensor network and we describe an infrastructure for wide traffic control via a vision sensor network. This infrastructure consists of a network of smart cameras operating over an outdoor public lighting thanks to power line communication technology and equipped with a vehicle counting and classification algorithm. We discuss the deployment of this network on the city kernel and some related services exposed to urban actors. <s> BIB016 </s> Survey of Promising Technologies for 5G Networks <s> Applications. <s> The rapid development of Internet of things (IoT) technology makes it possible for connecting various smart objects together through the Internet and providing more data interoperability methods for application purpose. Recent research shows more potential applications of IoT in information intensive industrial sectors such as healthcare services. However, the diversity of the objects in IoT causes the heterogeneity problem of the data format in IoT platform. Meanwhile, the use of IoT technology in applications has spurred the increase of real-time data, which makes the information storage and accessing more difficult and challenging. In this research, first a semantic data model is proposed to store and interpret IoT data. Then a resource-based data accessing method (UDA-IoT) is designed to acquire and process IoT data ubiquitously to improve the accessibility to IoT data resources. Finally, we present an IoT-based system for emergency medical services to demonstrate how to collect, integrate, and interoperate IoT data flexibly in order to provide support to emergency medical services. The result shows that the resource-based IoT data accessing method is effective in a distributed heterogeneous data environment for supporting data accessing timely and ubiquitously in a cloud and mobile computing platform. <s> BIB017 </s> Survey of Promising Technologies for 5G Networks <s> Applications. <s> To improve evacuation efficiency, an evacuation system was proposed based on GIS and Technology of IOT by analyzing the influence of smoke on evacuation. Information about the building can be obtained using GIS and IOT technology. Using Matlab based on analytic hierarchy process for three evaluations, Evacuation path selection, one of the most critical problems in the system, could be solved. The article provides a new approach, a new idea, for achieving building fire evacuation. It also promotes the intellectualization of fire protection. <s> BIB018 </s> Survey of Promising Technologies for 5G Networks <s> Applications. <s> Many industrial enterprises acquire disparate systems and applications over the years. The need to integrate these different systems and applications is often prominent for satisfying business requirements and needs. In an effort to help researchers in industrial informatics understand the state-of-the-art of the enterprise application integration, we examined the architectures and technologies for integrating distributed enterprise applications, illustrated their strengths and weaknesses, and identified research trends and opportunities in this increasingly important area. <s> BIB019 </s> Survey of Promising Technologies for 5G Networks <s> Applications. <s> Internet of Things (IoT) has provided a promising opportunity to build powerful industrial systems and applications by leveraging the growing ubiquity of radio-frequency identification (RFID), and wireless, mobile, and sensor devices. A wide range of industrial IoT applications have been developed and deployed in recent years. In an effort to understand the development of IoT in industries, this paper reviews the current research of IoT, key enabling technologies, major IoT applications in industries, and identifies research trends and challenges. A main contribution of this review paper is that it summarizes the current state-of-the-art IoT in industries systematically. <s> BIB020 </s> Survey of Promising Technologies for 5G Networks <s> Applications. <s> Display Omitted TALiSMaN detects road users and sets streetlight brightness appropriately.A utility model is detailed to quantify the usefulness of street lighting.Street lighting schemes are evaluated with StreetlightSim.TALiSMaN offers comparable usefulness as conventional lighting schemes.TALiSMaN consumes 2-55% of the energy of conventional/state-of-the-art schemes. Street lighting is a ubiquitous utility, but sustaining its operation presents a heavy financial and environmental burden. Many schemes have been proposed which selectively dim lights to improve energy efficiency, but little consideration has been given to the usefulness of the resultant street lighting system. This paper proposes a real-time adaptive lighting scheme, which detects the presence of vehicles and pedestrians and dynamically adjusts their brightness to the optimal level. This improves the energy efficiency of street lighting and its usefulness; a streetlight utility model is presented to evaluate this. The proposed scheme is simulated using an environment modelling a road network, its users, and a networked communication system - and considers a real streetlight topology from a residential area. The proposed scheme achieves similar or improved utility to existing schemes, while consuming as little as 1-2% of the energy required by conventional and state-of-the-art techniques. <s> BIB021 </s> Survey of Promising Technologies for 5G Networks <s> Applications. <s> Display Omitted We introduce an energy-aware key management protocol for e-health applications.The protocol guarantees the end-to-end principle.Constrained nodes offload asymmetric cryptographic operations to third parties.We conduct a formal validation regarding the security properties of our protocol.Analysis results highlight energy gains on constrained nodes. Key distribution is required to secure e-health applications in the context of Internet of Things (IoT). However, resources constraints in IoT make these applications unable to run existing key management protocols. In this paper, we propose a new lightweight key management protocol. This protocol is based on collaboration to establish a secure end-to-end communication channel between a highly resource constrained node and a remote entity. The secure channel allows the constrained node to transmit captured data while ensuring confidentiality and authentication. To achieve this goal, we propose offloading highly consuming cryptographic primitives to third parties. As a result, the constrained node obtains assistance from powerful entities. To assess our protocol, we conduct a formal validation regarding security properties. In addition, we evaluate both communication and computational costs to highlight energy savings. The results show that our protocol provides a considerable gain in energy while its security properties are ensured. <s> BIB022 </s> Survey of Promising Technologies for 5G Networks <s> Applications. <s> In this paper, a secure and efficient authentication and authorization architecture for IoT-based healthcare is developed. Security and privacy of patients’ medical data are crucial for the accepta ... <s> BIB023 </s> Survey of Promising Technologies for 5G Networks <s> Applications. <s> Abstract The demographic change towards an aging population is creating a significant impact and introducing drastic challenges to our society. We therefore need to find ways to assist older people to stay independently and prevent social isolation of these population. Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) provide various solutions to help older adults to improve their quality of life, stay healthier, and live independently for a time. Ambient Assisted Living (AAL) is a field to investigate innovative technologies to provide assistance as well as healthcare and rehabilitation to impaired seniors. The paper provides a review of research background and technologies of AAL. <s> BIB024 </s> Survey of Promising Technologies for 5G Networks <s> Applications. <s> A health and emergency care system for the elderly and disabled people..System and software architectures of health and emergency care system.The people centric sensing model for the healthcare system.Data analysis methodology using fuzzy logic. Emergence of context-aware technologies and IoT devices reflect that the quality of a human life has become one of the most essential aspects in Smart Cities. With this goal health monitoring of elderly and disabled people have got plenty of attention and focus in the research. The healthcare systems rely on the components responsible for context sensing, processing, storage and inference, and response. In order to make the interoperability among the various healthcare systems, a typical standard is needed in order to uniformly access the context-aware healthcare information coming through a fundamental infrastructure. In this paper, we propose people-centric sensing framework for the healthcare of elderly and disabled people. Such platform is aimed to monitor health of the elderly and disabled person and provide them with a service oriented emergency response in case of abnormal health condition. We focus on three aspects: (a) context manipulation from the mobile device in people-centric environment; (b) emergency response using context base information; and (c) modeling mobile context sources as services. The most distinctive feature of current work is that medical resources are efficiently used to provide them real-time medical services in case of emergency simultaneously extending social network of the elderly people. The system implementation shows that the proposed people-centric sensing system is efficient and cost-effective in health and emergency care. <s> BIB025 </s> Survey of Promising Technologies for 5G Networks <s> Applications. <s> The falling down problem has become one of the very important issues of global public health in an aging society. The specific equipment was adopted as the detection device of falling-down in the early studies, but it is inconvenient for the elderly and difficult for future application. The smart phone more commonly used than the specific fall detection equipment is selected as a mobile device for human fall detection, and a fall detection algorithm is developed for this purpose. What the user has to do is to put the smart phone in his/her thigh pocket for falling down detection. The signals detected by the tri-axial G-sensor are converted into signal vector magnitudes as the basis of detecting a human body in a stalling condition. The Z-axis data sets are captured for identification of human body inclination and the occurrence frequencies at the peak of the area of use are used as the input parameters. A high-level fuzzy Petri net is used for the analysis and the development of identifying human actions, including normal action, exercising, and falling down. The results of this study can be used in the relevant equipments or in the field of home nursing. <s> BIB026 </s> Survey of Promising Technologies for 5G Networks <s> Applications. <s> The existing state-of-the-art in wireless sensor networks for agricultural applications is reviewed thoroughly.The existing WSNs are analyzed with respect to communication and networking technologies, standards, and hardware.The prospects and problems of the existing framework are discussed with case studies for global and Indian scenarios.Few futuristic applications are presented highlighting the factors for improvements for the existing scenarios. The advent of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) spurred a new direction of research in agricultural and farming domain. In recent times, WSNs are widely applied in various agricultural applications. In this paper, we review the potential WSN applications, and the specific issues and challenges associated with deploying WSNs for improved farming. To focus on the specific requirements, the devices, sensors and communication techniques associated with WSNs in agricultural applications are analyzed comprehensively. We present various case studies to thoroughly explore the existing solutions proposed in the literature in various categories according to their design and implementation related parameters. In this regard, the WSN deployments for various farming applications in the Indian as well as global scenario are surveyed. We highlight the prospects and problems of these solutions, while identifying the factors for improvement and future directions of work using the new age technologies. <s> BIB027 </s> Survey of Promising Technologies for 5G Networks <s> Applications. <s> Abstract With the progression of advancements in technology, several innovations has been made in the field of communications that are transiting to Internet of Things. In this domain, Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) are one of those independent sensing devices to monitor physical and environmental conditions along with thousands of applications in other fields. As air pollution being a major environmental change that causes many hazardous effects on human beings that need to be controlled. Hence, we deployed WSN nodes for constant monitoring of the air pollution around the city and the moving public transport buses and cars. This methodology gave us the monitoring data from the stationary nodes deployed in the city to the mobile nodes on Public Transport buses and cars. The data of the air pollution particles such as gases, smoke and other pollutants is collected via sensors on the Public transport buses and the data is being analyzed when the buses and cars reach back to the source destination after passing through the stationary nodes around the city. Our proposed architecture having innovative mesh network will be more efficient way of gathering data from the nodes of WSN. It will have lots of benefits with respect to the future concept of Smart Cities that will have the new technologies related to Internet of Things. <s> BIB028 </s> Survey of Promising Technologies for 5G Networks <s> Applications. <s> The concept of "cloud asset" is first proposed for urban flood control.The framework of cloud asset is worked out from both hardware and software aspects.Cloud asset enabled workflow management is presented.A case is given to verify the effectiveness of cloud asset. The performance of physical assets has become a major determinant success factor for urban flood control. However, managing these assets is always challenging as there are a huge number of diverse assets involved, which are distributed throughout the city, and owned by different agencies. Aiming at improving the management efficiency of these assets, and ensuring their performance, this paper proposes the concept of cloud asset based on cloud computing, mobile agent, and various smart devices. Through hardware integration and software encapsulation, cloud asset could sense its real-time status, adapt to varied working scenarios, be controlled remotely, and shared among agencies. It enables accurate real-time control of every asset, and thus improves the management efficiency and effectiveness. This paper first presents the concept of cloud asset with its technical architecture, and then analyses the software agent model for cloud asset, which is the key enabler to realize UPnP (Universal Plug and Play) management of assets, and provides mobility and intelligence for them. After that, the framework of cloud asset-enabled workflow management is built, in which cloud asset could be easily found and dynamically invoked by different workflows. Finally, a demonstrative case is provided to verify the effectiveness of cloud asset. <s> BIB029 </s> Survey of Promising Technologies for 5G Networks <s> Applications. <s> Smart world is envisioned as an era in which objects (e.g., watches, mobile phones, computers, cars, buses, and trains) can automatically and intelligently serve people in a collaborative manner. Paving the way for smart world, Internet of Things (IoT) connects everything in the smart world. Motivated by achieving a sustainable smart world, this paper discusses various technologies and issues regarding green IoT, which further reduces the energy consumption of IoT. Particularly, an overview regarding IoT and green IoT is performed first. Then, the hot green information and communications technologies (ICTs) (e.g., green radio-frequency identification, green wireless sensor network, green cloud computing, green machine to machine, and green data center) enabling green IoT are studied, and general green ICT principles are summarized. Furthermore, the latest developments and future vision about sensor cloud, which is a novel paradigm in green IoT, are reviewed and introduced, respectively. Finally, future research directions and open problems about green IoT are presented. Our work targets to be an enlightening and latest guidance for research with respect to green IoT and smart world. <s> BIB030 </s> Survey of Promising Technologies for 5G Networks <s> Applications. <s> This article describes the use of smart technology by investigators and patients to facilitate lung disease clinical trials and make them less costly and more efficient. By "smart technology" we include various electronic media, such as computer databases, the Internet, and mobile devices. We first describe the use of electronic health records for identifying potential subjects and then discuss electronic informed consent. We give several examples of using the Internet and mobile technology in clinical trials. Interventions have been delivered via the World Wide Web or via mobile devices, and both have been used to collect outcome data. We discuss examples of new electronic devices that recently have been introduced to collect health data. While use of smart technology in clinical trials is an exciting development, comparison with similar interventions applied in a conventional manner is still in its infancy. We discuss advantages and disadvantages of using this omnipresent, powerful tool in clinical trials, as well as directions for future research. <s> BIB031 </s> Survey of Promising Technologies for 5G Networks <s> Applications. <s> Framework to provide value-add to an agricultural advisory system is presented.The advisory system is located at RTBI, IIT Madras Research Park.The framework to support the system is based on Wisekar, http://wisekar.iitd.ac.in.An automated crop-disease recognition application is developed with the framework.Performance of the application is evaluated for various scenarios. In the recent years, there has been a major thrust in the use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) to boost agricultural production. These efforts include setting up of agricultural advisory systems for farmers to address crop-related problems. We present a framework developed by us to rapidly expand the range of services offered by one such agricultural advisory system (that uses a call-centre approach) located at IITM's RTBI, Chennai, in the state of Tamil Nadu. The framework has been developed around an Internet-of-Things repository, Wisekar (http://wisekar.iitd.ac.in), located at IIT Delhi, which supports machine-to-machine communication between heterogeneous systems. We use Wisekar to propose and implement a distributed Automated Crop-disease Advisory Service (ACAS) in which Wisekar acts as a communication bridge between the advisory system and the software for crop-disease recognition. The response-time performance of ACAS for different placement configurations of its component systems is evaluated to support its strategic deployment for different situations. <s> BIB032 </s> Survey of Promising Technologies for 5G Networks <s> Applications. <s> Recent technological advances have led to an increase in the carbon footprint. Energy efficiency in the Internet of Things (IoT) has been attracting a lot of attention from researchers and designers over the last couple of years, paving the way for an emerging area called green IoT. There are various aspects (such as key enablers, communications, services, and applications) of IoT, where efficient utilization of energy is needed to enable a green IoT environment. We explore and discuss how the various enabling technologies (such as the Internet, smart objects, sensors, etc.) can be efficiently deployed to achieve a green IoT. Furthermore, we also review various IoT applications, projects and standardization efforts that are currently under way. Finally, we identify some of the emerging challenges that need to be addressed in the future to enable a green IoT. <s> BIB033
IoT has become the source of many applications owing to its incredible potential and has given rise to numerous new application fields. It has brought revolutionary changes to our everyday life. It has connected everything, everyplace, and everybody to an inseparable framework, which has shrunken burdens many times over multiple associated systems. However, the applications of IoT are indescribable because IoT can contribute to almost every sector. Hence, the impact of IoT has surpassed our social and economic life and has entered our personal life. Figure 11 shows a summary of the numerous IoT applications. Note that it is quite impossible to outline all the applications in a frame. We describe a few the influential IoT applications below. Smart Home. The idea of automation in home management and surveillance has brought personal life under the supervision of the IoT platform. Home appliances can be controlled from a remote place using IoT technology BIB004 BIB009 . Furthermore, human-machine interaction for the smart home environment is a new inclusion in IoT BIB010 BIB011 BIB005 . Wearable devices can be helpful in human-machine interaction and for home monitoring BIB012 . The environment of a smart home can be controlled effectively using the smart home technology in IoT BIB013 . Smart Grid. The energy consumption and distribution of a power plant and grid can be controlled by connecting them to IoT. The use of communication technology in the smart grid system establishes a link between user and system, helps broadcast urgent information to the customer, facilitates automatic device control, and so on BIB014 . However, the smart grid is closely related to the smart home system and can help reduce the energy consumed by such a home BIB001 BIB015 . Smart Transportation. IoT has brought of the idea of smart city to ameliorate the provision of basic services. Vehicle tracking is one of the promising applications of IoT that can lessen traffic congestion, enhance safety, schedule traffic time and smart vehicle parking, send information to travelers, and so on BIB016 BIB021  . Cloud computing, the catalyst for IoT, has added a lot to the smart management and automation of smart parking systems  . Smart Healthcare. IoT has flourished smart healthcare systems by interconnecting various devices BIB022 . Smart healthcare systems cover healthcare records BIB017 , remote prescription BIB002 , patient observation BIB023 , urgent treatment BIB024 , smart diagnosis BIB031 , and so on. Smart rehabilitation can be a part of a smart healthcare system to support the elderly and the disabled to get medication BIB025 . Public Safety. Safety and security are the most essential issues in a smart city. IoT contributes to emergency alarm systems, weather forecasts, disaster management, and emergency evacuation, and so on BIB018 BIB006 BIB007 . Moreover, intelligent algorithms and camera based system have progressed the safety system in a distinguished way BIB026 . Agriculture. Agriculture includes planting, farming, breeding, and animal rearing, and it has come under the purview of IoT lately BIB027 . The monitoring of farms, tracking of animals, and irrigation are the main aspects of IoT for agriculture BIB008 BIB003 . Moreover, feeding, vaccination, medication, rearing, and so on are vital applications of IoT in the agriculture sector BIB032 . Industry. The integration of different enterprises in the industry has brought about a radical change in this sector BIB019 . Automated monitoring systems for CO2, poisonous gases, and other gases can be among the great applications of IoT  . In addition, RFID and wireless sensors can be potential fields for automation in industries BIB020 . Environment. A physical environment may be arranged with smart devices, and the automation of homes, industries, traffic, and healthcare can be connected to physical entities to build a better world BIB028 . Disaster management, weather forecasting, and emergency alarm service are among some of the essential applications of IoT BIB029 . However, the concept of green IoT technology has been established to create a smarter environment BIB030 BIB033 .