Hardware Security For and Beyond CMOS Technology: An Overview on Fundamentals, Applications, and Challenges <s> Data Security at Runtime: Physical Read-Out and Probing <s> —Probing attacks are serious threats on integrated circuits. Security products often include a protective layer called shield that acts like a digital fence. In this article, we demonstrate a new shield structure that is cryptographically secure. This shield is based on the newly proposed SIMON lightweight block cipher and independent mesh lines to ensure the security against probing attacks of the hardware located behind the shield. Such structure can be proven secure against state-of-the-art invasive attacks. For the first time in the open literature, we describe a chip designed with a digital shield, and give an extensive report of its cost, in terms of power, metal layer(s) to sacrifice and of logic (including the logic to connect it to the CPU). Also, we explain how "Through Silicon Vias" (TSV) technology can be used for the protection against both frontside and backside probing. <s> BIB001 </s> Hardware Security For and Beyond CMOS Technology: An Overview on Fundamentals, Applications, and Challenges <s> Data Security at Runtime: Physical Read-Out and Probing <s> We review threats and selected schemes concerning hardware security at design and manufacturing time as well as at runtime. We find that 3D integration can serve well to enhance the resilience of different hardware security schemes, but it also requires thoughtful use of the options provided by the umbrella term of 3D integration. Toward enforcing security at runtime, we envision secure 2.5D system-level integration of untrusted chips and “all around” shielding for 3D ICs. <s> BIB002
Attacks. Similar to fault-injection attacks, the notion of physical enclosures enabled by 3D/2.5D integration may hinder read-out and probing attacks. In BIB002 , the authors argued for "all around shields" enabled by 3D ICs. Similar protection against probing has been discussed before in BIB001  . While powerful in principle, such schemes are yet to be demonstrated in practice.