Privacy implications of accelerometer data: a review of possible inferences <s> Inference of Personality Traits <s> This paper presents a novel investigation of how motion as measured with just a single wearable accelerometer is informative of people's interests and motivation during crowded social events. We collected accelerometer readings on a large number of people (32 and 46 people in two crowded social events involving up to hundreds of people). In our experiments, we demonstrate how people's movements are informative of their particular interests: during talks, their interests in particular topics, and during networking events, their interest to participate successfully to make new contacts and foster existing ones. To our knowledge, using a single body worn accelerometer to measure and automatically infer these aspects of social behaviour has never been attempted before. Our experiments show that despite the challenge of the proposed task, useful automated predictions are possible and demonstrate the potential for further research in this area. <s> BIB001 </s> Privacy implications of accelerometer data: a review of possible inferences <s> Inference of Personality Traits <s> Abstract Whether personality determines physical activity or its outcomes is relevant for theory and public health but has been understudied. We estimated the population correlations between Big-Five personality factors and physical activity and examined whether they varied according to sample characteristics and study features. Database searches were conducted according to PRISMA guidelines, for articles published in the English language prior to November 1st, 2013. Sixty-four studies including a total of 88,400 participants yielded effects (k) for Extraversion (88), Neuroticism (82), Conscientiousness (69), Openness (51) and Agreeableness (52). Significant mean r was found for Extraversion (r = .1076), Neuroticism (r = −.0710), Conscientiousness (r = .1037) and Openness (r = .0344), but not Agreeableness (r = .0020). Effects were moderately heterogeneous (I2 range = 44–65%) and varied by sample characteristics (e.g., age, gender, or clinical status) and/or study features (e.g., measure quality or item format). This analysis expands results of previous reviews and provides new support for a relationship between physical activity and Openness. Future studies should use better measures of physical activity and prospective designs, adjust for statistical artifacts, and consider advances in the conceptualization of personality. <s> BIB002 </s> Privacy implications of accelerometer data: a review of possible inferences <s> Inference of Personality Traits <s> Most studies on personality and physical activity have relied on self-report measures. This study examined the relation between Five Factor Model personality traits and objective physical activity in older adults. Sixty-nine participants (Mage = 80.2 years; SD = 7.1) wore the ActiGraph monitor for 7 days and completed the NEO Personality Inventory-3 First Half. Extraversion, Agreeableness, and Conscientiousness were associated with more moderate physical activity and more steps per day whereas Neuroticism was inversely related to these physical activity measures (βs > .20). The associations for Neuroticism and Conscientiousness were attenuated by approximately 20-40% when accounting for disease burden and body mass index but were essentially unchanged for Extraversion and Agreeableness. These findings confirm self-report evidence that personality traits are associated with physical activity levels in older adults. (PsycINFO Database Record <s> BIB003
Methods have been proposed for inferring preferences and other personality traits solely from body gestures and motion patterns. Englebienne and Hung used wearable accelerometers to estimate the motivations, interests and group affiliations of study participants in scenarios of social interaction, based on their movements, body postures and expansiveness of gesturing BIB001 . A person's level of physical activity, which can also be measured using body-worn accelerometers (see section 2.1), has been shown to correlate with certain personality traits such as conscientiousness, neuroticism, openness, and extraversion BIB002 . Artese et al. evaluated the body movements of test subjects for seven days using accelerometer-based monitoring devices and found that agreeableness, conscientiousness and extraversion were positively and neuroticism negatively associated to more steps per day and other physical activity variables BIB003 . Examining correlates between the personality and physical activity of female college students, Wilson et al. discovered that neuroticism and the functioning of the behavioral inhibition system were both related to physical activity measures derived from accelerometer readings [81] .