Information-centric mobile caching network frameworks and caching optimization: a survey <s> 44] Experiment <s> Situational awareness applications in disaster response and tactical scenarios require efficient communication without a managed infrastructure. In principle, the performance, size, weight, and power of commercial off-the-shelf mobile phones and tablets are sufficient to support such applications, provided that efficient protocols and mechanisms are put in place for the efficient and secure sharing and storage of content among such devices. ICEMAN (Information CEntric Mobile Ad-hoc Networking) is a system that allows applications to request content objects by their attributes, and integrates its API with utility-based dissemination, caching, and network-coding mechanisms to deliver content. ICEMAN is implemented based on the Haggle architecture running in the Android operating system, and supports distributed situational-awareness applications operating in networks subject to severe disruption. Its functionality is described, and performance results of the ICEMAN implementation running in mobile phones and the CORE/EMANE network emulation are presented for several test scenarios. <s> BIB001 </s> Information-centric mobile caching network frameworks and caching optimization: a survey <s> 44] Experiment <s> High-quality multimedia streaming services in Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks (VANETs) are severely hindered by intermittent host connectivity issues. The Information Centric Networking (ICN) paradigm could help solving this issue thanks to its new networking primitives driven by content names rather than host addresses. This unique feature, in fact, enables native support to mobility, in-network caching, nomadic networking, multicast, and efficient content dissemination. In this paper, we focus on exploring the potential social cooperation among vehicles in highways. An ICN-based COoperative Caching solution, namely ICoC, is proposed to improve the quality of experience (QoE) of multimedia streaming services. In particular, ICoC leverages two novel social cooperation schemes, namely partner-assisted and courier-assisted, to enhance information-centric caching. To validate its effectiveness, extensive ns-3 simulations have been executed, showing that ICoC achieves a considerable improvement in terms of start-up delay and playback freezing with respect to a state-of-the-art solution based on probabilistic caching. <s> BIB002 </s> Information-centric mobile caching network frameworks and caching optimization: a survey <s> 44] Experiment <s> A mobile opportunistic social network (MOSN) is a new type of delay tolerant network (DTN), in which the mobile users contact each other opportunistically. While cooperative caching in the Internet has been studied extensively, cooperative caching in MOSNs is a considerably different and challenging problem due to the probabilistic nature of contact among the mobile users in MOSNs. In order to reduce the total access delay, we let the mobile users cooperatively cache these data items in their limited buffer space. We balance between selfishness (caching the data items according to its own preference) and unselfishness (helping other nodes to cache). The friends with higher contact frequency may share similar interests, hence, caching the data items for friend users can lead to some benefit. In this paper, we present a hierarchical cooperative caching scheme, which divides the buffer space into three components: self, friends, and strangers. In the self component, mobile users cache the data items according to their preference. In the friends component, mobile users help their friends to cache some data items. In the strangers component, mobile users randomly cache the remaining data items. We formally analyze the access delay of the proposed scheme. The effectiveness of our approach is verified through extensive real world trace-driven simulations. <s> BIB003 </s> Information-centric mobile caching network frameworks and caching optimization: a survey <s> 44] Experiment <s> Inspired by the proliferation of content-centric applications in the Internet, Information-Centric Networking (ICN) has emerged as a promising networking paradigm. Focusing on the delivery of content instead of the pairwise communication between end-hosts, ICN inherently supports location-independent content/information distribution, through the means of in-network caching and multicast; as well as mobile computing. However, so far the vast majority of ICN research efforts have mostly focused on the design of sound and scalable architectures and protocols for the current Internet application landscape. In this paper, we revisit ICN in the context of a radically different application environment of smart grids and in particular, the case of smart charging of electric vehicles. Based on a thorough description of the currently forming application environment in the Netherlands, we highlight the inefficiencies resulting from a host-centric model. We then show how ICN can address these limitations and ultimately support quality and security in such application environment. Besides qualitative benefits, our preliminary analysis also demonstrates that ICN can substantially reduce communication and security complexity, thus fostering the development and widespread adoption of the smart charging application. <s> BIB004 </s> Information-centric mobile caching network frameworks and caching optimization: a survey <s> 44] Experiment <s> Information Centric Networking (ICN) is a network paradigm alternative to the classic host-centric communication model: it provides users with content exposed as names, instead of providing communication channels between hosts. In this paper, we present a peer-to-peer application for live streaming of video content encoded at multiple bit rates. The application enables a small set of neighbouring cellular/Wi-Fi devices to increase the quality of video playback by using the Wi-Fi network to share the portion of the live stream downloaded by each peer via the cellular network. The application exploits the main functionalities of ICN: routing by name, in network caching and multicast delivery. Our work includes the implementation of a Java prototype of the application on a test-bed composed by Linux machines running the CCNx tool and streaming MPEG-DASH videos. We measured the performance of our solution and verified on the field that ICN simplifies the development of applications, as it provides built-in functions, which would be much more difficult to implement by relying on classical TCP/IP tools only. <s> BIB005 </s> Information-centric mobile caching network frameworks and caching optimization: a survey <s> 44] Experiment <s> This paper presents an Android application exploiting a collaborative multi-RAT approach (cellular and Wi-Fi Radio Access Technologies) for adaptively streaming video content. The application has been developed and tested on real Android devices of different vendors. Each device coordinates with the others to download portions of a video stream through its own preferred RAT, and shares the results with the neighboring devices through a proximity, high bit rate network based on Wi-Fi Direct. As a result, the aggregate bandwidth available to the group of collaborating devices allows a faster download and a higher quality of video playback streaming, with respect to what is achievable by a single device. The application is designed to exploit common Android devices along with the key functionalities of an Information Centric Network: routing-by-name, in-network caching and multicasting. <s> BIB006 </s> Information-centric mobile caching network frameworks and caching optimization: a survey <s> 44] Experiment <s> D2D offloading reduces the load of cellular network by asking mobile nodes to download content directly from storage of neighboring helpers via short range links. In this paper, we introduce a novel storage assignment scheme that can enhance storage utilization for D2D networks that have different types of storage nodes. Unlike traditional D2D systems that only use storage as static content cache, our scheme uses on-demand relaying to enhance storage utilization. Our on-demand relaying scheme replicates rare content when it is requested. Therefore, the proposed scheme can greatly increase the amount of content supported by the offloading system. We develop a convex optimization based algorithm to find the optimal storage assignment tradeoff between static caching and on-demand relaying. Numerical results and real-world trace-driven simulations show that our algorithm can achieve 30% reduction in offloading failure rate compared to static schemes. <s> BIB007 </s> Information-centric mobile caching network frameworks and caching optimization: a survey <s> 44] Experiment <s> In the connected vehicle ecosystem, a high volume of information-rich and safety-critical data will be exchanged by roadside units and onboard transceivers to improve the driving and traveling experience. However, poor-quality wireless links and the mobility of vehicles highly challenge data delivery. The IP address-centric model of the current Internet barely works in such extremely dynamic environments and poorly matches the localized nature of the majority of vehicular communications, which typically target specific road areas (e.g., in the proximity of a hazard or a point of interest) regardless of the identity/address of a single vehicle passing by. Therefore, a paradigm shift is advocated from traditional IP-based networking toward the groundbreaking information- centric networking. In this article, we scrutinize the applicability of this paradigm in vehicular environments by reviewing its core functionalities and the related work. The analysis shows that, thanks to features like named content retrieval, innate multicast support, and in-network data caching, information-centric networking is positioned to meet the challenging demands of vehicular networks and their evolution. Interoperability with the standard architectures for vehicular applications along with synergies with emerging computing and networking paradigms are debated as future research perspectives. <s> BIB008 </s> Information-centric mobile caching network frameworks and caching optimization: a survey <s> 44] Experiment <s> Caching has shown the success in performance improvement for many wireless communications and networking systems. In this paper, we introduce a caching mechanism for the energy harvesting based Internet of Things (IoT) sensing service. In the service, a sensor harvests energy from an environment. The energy is stored in the battery, and the sensor uses it for sensing and transmitting the reading to the user. A sensing cache can be implemented at a wireless gateway of the sensor to avoid activating the sensor too frequently, hence reducing its energy consumption. We develop an analytical model to investigate the benefit of the proposed caching mechanism. We also introduce the threshold adaptation algorithm that allows the sensing cache dynamically to adjust the parameter of caching to maximize the combined hit rate of the sensing service from multiple sensors. The performance evaluation clearly shows the tradeoff between energy consumption and caching. <s> BIB009 </s> Information-centric mobile caching network frameworks and caching optimization: a survey <s> 44] Experiment <s> The number and capabilities of IoT devices will exponentially grow over the next years. Together with the pervasive diffusion of smart personal mobile devices this opens up unprecedented opportunities for contextualised services provided to mobile users, based on their current interests and behaviours. In addition, most of these services will be content-centric rather than host-centric. Cloud computing and Information-Centric Networking (ICN) are therefore two key technologies in this perspective. In both cases, solutions are typically designed for global Internet platforms, while mobile nodes are seen as edge devices from which data are fetched and sent back through pervasive wireless networks (typically, LTE). However, it is questionable whether such an approach will work as expected, e.g., due to data privacy concerns and expected bandwidth shortage of even last-generation cellular networks. In this paper we present a general framework where global cloud and ICN platforms are complemented in a totally synergic way by local clouds formed at the edge of the network by mobile devices, where service provisioning and data management functionalities are offloaded whenever possible (and appropriate). This results in a multi-layer, content- and service-centric approach to IoT data management and service provisioning. We then present performance evaluation results from applying this framework to a specific case where data-centric services are jointly provided by edge devices and by a global cloud platform. Results show that this approach is very promising, as it is able to drastically cut the related cellular-network traffic, and, at the same time, improve the effectiveness of service provisioning to users. <s> BIB010
Hybrid work Offloading failure probability BIB007 Optimization video playback quality BIB002 NS-3(simulation ) Social network based on DTN User access delay BIB003 Trace-based simulation which enables MSs to share content downloaded from BS to other MSs nearby who request the same content through local WiFi, thus reducing 3G/4G link traffic. In BIB005 , a peer-to-peer application for live streaming of video content encoded at multiple bit rates is presented, which exploits an ICN API using a Java implementation running on plain laptops to simplify the application development. In the application, peers are a small set of neighboring mobile cellular devices and they have access to a remote cellular network through the cellular interface and a local full mesh one hop network through a proximity channel, which enables cooperative downloading of a live video stream. The quality of video playback is increased by the design of cooperation, during which the peer can redistribute the chunks downloaded through cellular interface on the proximity interface to request peers in a multicast fashion, and the part is also cached in the CCN content store in order to be shared with other peers requesting it on the proximity interface. Multicasting, in-network caching and multi-rate encoding approach with dependent substreams are utilized to improve the peer to peer sharing. As an extension of BIB005 , by deploying the proof-of-concept application on commercial Android devices, the limitations of Android devices is dealed with, and the quality of video playback streaming is improved for collaborating devices that exploit all the available radio access technologies BIB006 . In the scenarios of connected vehicles, it is a challenging problem to improve driving and traveling experience due to poor-quality wireless links and mobility of vehicles of VANET. ICN-based VANETs promise enhancements in the areas of application, mobility, and security. Since ICN matches the described vehicular applications' pattern better than the current Internet through named data and routing by name, content discovery is easy because name-to-IPaddress resolution and continuous connection to producer are not needed. Besides, content can be retrieved from the most convenient provider for vehicles on account of anycasting and in-network caching properties in ICN, which reduces data latency and network traffic. ICN-based VANETs simplifies mobility support with named data. In addition, ICN provides content-based security with protection and trust implemented at the packet level rather than at the communication channel level BIB008 . For situational awareness applications in tactical and emergency response scenarios, efficient, robust, and secure network communication is required. ICMANET supports situational awareness applications at the tactical edge. Declarative Attribute-based Naming, network coding, utility-based content caching and symmetric encryption are used in ICMANET to provide efficient communication for multiple simultaneous classes of situational awareness traffic in the presence of severe disruptions to network connectivity BIB001 . As one of the most common applications of IoT, sensing service uses massive number of sensors to monitor environment states. However, sensors are usually energy-constrained since they have not fixed power supply. Caching is employed at the access point which acts as a gateway with a fixed power supply to store and cache sensing data temporarily and sends cached sensing data to the user, thus avoiding frequently activating the sensor and reducing energy consumption of sensor devices, and at the same time offloading data management functionalities whenever possible BIB009 BIB010 . ICN is also introduced to provide higher degree of flexibility in supporting data sharing and smart grid control. In  , an overlay ICN-based communication framework for smart grid applications is presented, which is based on publish/subscribe operations and decouples information from location and time, yielding simplicity and efficiency of management of communication flows. The framework supports in-network management of smart grid data including caching and processing such as rate adaptation, aggregation and filtering, and it also enables real-time state estimation in the medium voltage power grid. The case of smart electric vehicle charging in smart grids with ICN is studied in BIB004 , which integrates in-network caching and lightweight in-network processing of named data. The information of state of charge can be reported by electric vehicles while moving without the connection to each anticipated recipient, thus the complexity of communications is reduced, scalability and the growth of the smart charging ecosystem is enhanced. Information-Centric Networking and mobile cloud computing paradigms are integrated to solve the increasing usage of mobile devices for traffic-heavy applications and reduce operational costs in  . A Mobile FollowMe Cloud (M-FMC) model is proposed, which consists of two parts, one is the ICN as a Service (ICNaaS) running on the cloud, and the other is FMC components enhancing the migration of content caches located at the edge of cloudified mobile networks. The model is evaluated in a testbed, and the results show that it enables content migration in Mobile Cloud Computing networks, and also improves ICN content distribution by considering users mobility, content popularity and overall network resource optimization. From the applications surveyed above, it is perspective that the mobile Internet would be constructed based on information centric mobile caching networking in future because of its properties and advantages. However, some challenges and open issues still lie ahead before its widespread commercial deployment. In this section, we present some of the challenges and open issues on information centric mobile caching in the respect of context-aware mobile caching integrating with ICN, joint optimal deployment strategy of mobile in-network caching, chunk-level content popularity, intelligent cache policies with low complexity, analytical modeling of caching networks considering user mobility, mobile caching networking integrated with SDN and NFV, information-centric mobile caching and cloud computing, as well as security and privacy of informationcentric mobile caching network.