A Critical Review of Surveys Emphasizing on Routing in Wireless Sensor Networks—An Anatomization under General Survey Design Framework <s> Data Analysis and Processing Challenge <s> Sensory data gathered from sensor nodes in physical proximity tend to exhibit strong correlation. To minimize such redundancy and hence curtail the load in wireless sensor networks with a goal to conserve energy, effective in-network fusion schemes have been extensively proposed in the literature. To this end, routing schemes supporting data fusion are extremely important as they dictate where and when sensory data streams shall intersect with each other and thus fusion will be performed. In this article we briefly articulate this problem and classify recently proposed routing schemes supporting data fusion in wireless sensor networks into three categories: routing-driven, coding-driven, and fusion-driven. We also give an overview of various algorithms in each category by summarizing their design approaches, benefits, and drawbacks. <s> BIB001 </s> A Critical Review of Surveys Emphasizing on Routing in Wireless Sensor Networks—An Anatomization under General Survey Design Framework <s> Data Analysis and Processing Challenge <s> Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks (UWSNs) are finding different applications for offshore exploration and ocean monitoring. In most of these applications, the network consists of significant number of sensor nodes deployed at different depths throughout the area of interest. The sensor nodes located at the sea bed cannot communicate directly with the nodes near the surface level; they require multi-hop communication assisted by appropriate routing scheme. However, this appropriateness depends not only on network resources and application requirements but also on environmental constraints. All these factors provide a platform where a resource-aware routing strategy plays a vital role to fulfill the different application requirements with dynamic environmental conditions. Realizing the fact, significant attention has been given to construct a reliable scheme, and many routing protocols have been proposed in order to provide an efficient route discovery between the sources and the sink. In this paper, we present a review and comparison of different algorithms, proposed recently in order to fulfill this requirement. The main purpose of this study is to address the issues like data forwarding, deployment and localization in UWSNs under different conditions. Later on, all of these are classified into different groups according to their characteristics and functionalities. <s> BIB002 </s> A Critical Review of Surveys Emphasizing on Routing in Wireless Sensor Networks—An Anatomization under General Survey Design Framework <s> Data Analysis and Processing Challenge <s> Recent advances in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) have led to a great breakthrough in sensors design and features. These technological novelties have brought additional challenges to WSN. Sensornets are seeking for new approaches for efficient data routing and management. The last few years have witnessed the emergence of several approaches that build Distributed Hash Tables (DHTs) over WSN. DHTs are initially conceived for efficient data lookup in large-scale wired networks. The main objective of this combination is to manage location-independent data and nodes identification. DHT mapping over WSN brings however new challenges. This paper presents an analytical survey on applying DHT techniques in WSNs. It describes existing DHT-based routing and data management protocols and includes a detailed classification of them. <s> BIB003 </s> A Critical Review of Surveys Emphasizing on Routing in Wireless Sensor Networks—An Anatomization under General Survey Design Framework <s> Data Analysis and Processing Challenge <s> Abstract Opportunistic routing is a new paradigm in routing for wireless sensor network which chooses the node closest to the target node for forwarding the data. It uses the broadcasting nature of wireless sensor networks. Opportunistic routing has increased the efficiency, throughput and reliability of sensor networks. Many energy saving techniques has been introduced using opportunistic routing in wireless sensor networks for increasing the network lifetime. In this article we have elaborated the basic concept of Opportunistic routing, different areas in which it has been claimed to be beneficial, some protocols their metrics and their drawbacks. <s> BIB004 </s> A Critical Review of Surveys Emphasizing on Routing in Wireless Sensor Networks—An Anatomization under General Survey Design Framework <s> Data Analysis and Processing Challenge <s> Nowadays, underwater wireless sensor network (UWSN) is an important field for researchers due to its well know applications like seismic monitoring, disaster prevention, offshore exploration, pollution monitoring, oceanography data collection, equipment monitoring, assisted navigation, and tactical surveillance. Many research challenges are available for UWSN; the design of routing protocol is one of them. The majority of the researchers have designed the routing algorithms but still, the data forwarding mechanism needs improvement. The reliable communication between the source and sink nodes is really a complicated task due to the limitation of the acoustic channel, water pressure, and limited bandwidth. This review paper focuses on the problems of those routing protocols which are based on data forwarding. In this review paper, we further present the route development, data forwarding, and route maintenance of the proposed routing protocols. The key aspects of this review article present the limitations and advantages of data forwarding routing protocols. We also present analysis of data forwarding routing protocols with analytical and numerical simulation methods with their critical analysis. This review article helps the researchers to create further research in the field of routing protocols based on data forwarding. <s> BIB005 </s> A Critical Review of Surveys Emphasizing on Routing in Wireless Sensor Networks—An Anatomization under General Survey Design Framework <s> Data Analysis and Processing Challenge <s> Underwater wireless sensor networks are a newly emerging wireless technology in which small size sensors with limited energy and limited memory and bandwidth are deployed in deep sea water and various monitoring operations like tactical surveillance, environmental monitoring, and data collection are performed through these tiny sensors. Underwater wireless sensor networks are used for the exploration of underwater resources, oceanographic data collection, flood or disaster prevention, tactical surveillance systems, and unmanned underwater vehicles. Sensor nodes consist of a small memory, a central processing unit, and an antenna. Underwater networks are much different from terrestrial sensor networks as radio waves cannot be used in underwater wireless sensor networks. Acoustic channels are used for communication in deep sea water. Acoustic signals have many limitations, such as limited bandwidth, higher end-to-end delay, network path loss, higher propagation delay, and dynamic topology. Usually, these limitations result in higher energy consumption with a smaller number of packets delivered. The main aim nowadays is to operate sensor nodes having a smaller battery for a longer time in the network. This survey has discussed the state-of-the-art localization based and localization-free routing protocols. Routing associated issues in the area of underwater wireless sensor networks have also been discussed. <s> BIB006
Due to ongoing research in various fields of technology, data volume is continuously increasing day-by-day which requires more and more space for data storage. If such a big data is properly analyzed, then it can be a source of utility and knowledge resource for future decision making. Otherwise, it is simply a storage burden which may continuously consume system resources. Therefore, there is a need to devise novel data analysis frameworks, so that the real benefits of data storage may be ascertained. Performing proper data analysis may in turn raise some thought-provoking questions such as the definition of proper/improper analysis in a given scenario, relevancy/irrelevancy of data for analysis, choice of post-analysis decision making approaches and so on. To the best of our knowledge, we have not found any data analysis model for organizing routing related surveys in WSNs. Since each routing related survey for WSNs discusses a variety of relevant protocols, therefore analyzing and categorizing a large amount of such routing-related surveys is a tedious and time consuming problem. To address this issue, two frameworks are proposed herein. The first one is the general survey design framework as discussed in Section 3 that may help to analyze the design soundness of routing-related surveys in WSNs. The second framework may help to examine the routing-related surveys on the basis of frequency of surveys publication as considered in Section 4. Such analysis may help to clearly categorize and index the routing-related survey literature into various categories and uncover those areas which are either least-focused, neglected-altogether or unsatisfactorily-managed and require further attention for bringing about technological advancements in WSNs. For example: • Least focused areas of routing surveys publication in WSNs may include in-network fusion BIB001 , DHT based routing  BIB003 , UWSNs oriented routing BIB002  BIB005 BIB006 and opportunistic based routing BIB004 . • The neglected-altogether areas include those that are NOT in-depth reviewed at all. One such example is multichannel routing in WSNs where to the best of our knowledge, only one survey [114] is written very recently. • The unsatisfactorily-managed areas include those where, as per proposed GSDF in Section 3, the surveys of low quality are published as illustrated in Tables 2 and 3 . Therefore, more research and brain storming is immensely required in the above mentioned areas of routing in WSNs. It may result into devising new solutions and exploring novel dimensions for dealing with the outstanding challenges regarding different areas of routing in WSNs and bringing forth further technological developments in those fields.