Supply chain performance models: A literature review on approaches, techniques, and criteria <s> OVERVIEW OF CRITERIA <s> Aside from lean management and business process re-engineering, a new management approach for optimizing logistics organization is gaining recognition: supply chain management.An essential precondition to benefit from supplychain management is a structured analysis of the network-specific optimization opportunities. Opportunities are derived from suboptimal inner- and cross-organisational business processes and the related material, information and capital flows. The paper describes a supply chain analysis approach and proposes a measurement methodology integrating bottom-up and top-down performance measures as a hybrid balanced measurement approach. <s> BIB001 </s> Supply chain performance models: A literature review on approaches, techniques, and criteria <s> OVERVIEW OF CRITERIA <s> This paper develops a balanced scorecard for supply chain management (SCM) that measures and evaluates day-to-day business operations from following four perspectives: finance, customer, internal business process, and learning and growth. Balanced scorecard has been developed based on extensive review of literature on SCM performance measures, supported by three case studies, each illustrating ways in which BSC was developed and applied in small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) in India. The paper further suggests that a balanced SCM scorecard can be the foundation for a strategic SCM system provided that certain development guidelines are properly followed, appropriate metrics are evaluated, and key implementation obstacles are overcome. The balanced scorecard developed in this paper provides a useful guidance for the practical managers in evaluation and measuring of SCM in a balanced way and proposes a balanced performance measurement system to map and analyze supply chains. While suggesting balanced scorecard, different SCM performance metrics have been reviewed and distributed into four perspectives. This helps managers to evaluate SCM performance in a much-balanced way from all angles of business. <s> BIB002 </s> Supply chain performance models: A literature review on approaches, techniques, and criteria <s> OVERVIEW OF CRITERIA <s> Performance measurement of supply chain management (SCM) is a rapidly growing multi-criteria decision-making problem owing to the large number of factors affecting decision-making. The right choice of performance metrics and measures is critical to the success and competitiveness of the firms in the era of globalisation. Recognising the multiple objective nature of the problem, this paper proposes the use of the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) methodology as aid in making SCM evaluation decisions. For pair-wise comparison in AHP, a survey methodology is used. The methodology presented can help firms to prioritise and formulate viable performance measurement strategies in the volatile and complex global decision environment from different balanced scorecard (BSC) perspectives. A demonstration of the application of this methodology in a real life problem is presented. <s> BIB003 </s> Supply chain performance models: A literature review on approaches, techniques, and criteria <s> OVERVIEW OF CRITERIA <s> The performance measurement problem has gained great attention in business and operations management literature. The first objective of this study is to determine the required performance measures and to develop a model for performance evaluation, based on these selected measures using analytical hierarchy process (AHP) methodology. The second objective is to explain how an integrated AHP-PGP (pre-emptive goal programming) model can be used in performance measurement while optimising the overall performance. An integration of AHP and multi-objective PGP is used to consider both quantitative and qualitative performance measures in optimising the overall performance of the system. The integrated model is presented with a real-world application using source data provided by a survey conducted in India. Findings demonstrate that the integrated AHP-PGP model can be useful to all supply chain industries in their day-to-day performance measurement decisions. <s> BIB004
In some performance models, some criteria are defined and used to assess supply chain based on achieving them. Based on this, if the supply chain performance was appropriate based on the criteria, it can be concluded that the performance is good. In other words, a performance criterion is information delivered to the management function, evaluating efficiency and effectiveness of a process, resource or an outcome  . For example, flexibility criterion defines and supplies chain assessment with regard to its level of achievement. According to literature review, it was observed that authors used criteria to group or select metrics based on them. In this section, a review of performance criteria used in the studied models is carried out. A list of these measurement criteria is given in Table 1 .Among 42 journal articles, thirty seven papers (88.1%) applied some criteria for SC performance evaluation. Note that criterion (e.g. flexibility, reliability) is different from process (e.g. plan, source). Internal process BIB004 BIB002 BIB003 , BIB001  