A Survey on Non-rigid 3D Shape Analysis <s> Choice of the template T <s> We introduce the SCAPE method (Shape Completion and Animation for PEople)---a data-driven method for building a human shape model that spans variation in both subject shape and pose. The method is based on a representation that incorporates both articulated and non-rigid deformations. We learn a pose deformation model that derives the non-rigid surface deformation as a function of the pose of the articulated skeleton. We also learn a separate model of variation based on body shape. Our two models can be combined to produce 3D surface models with realistic muscle deformation for different people in different poses, when neither appear in the training set. We show how the model can be used for shape completion --- generating a complete surface mesh given a limited set of markers specifying the target shape. We present applications of shape completion to partial view completion and motion capture animation. In particular, our method is capable of constructing a high-quality animated surface model of a moving person, with realistic muscle deformation, using just a single static scan and a marker motion capture sequence of the person. <s> BIB001 </s> A Survey on Non-rigid 3D Shape Analysis <s> Choice of the template T <s> A circuit for controlling a display panel identifying malfunctions in an engine generator receives a plurality of electrical signals from the engine generator, each of which identifies a particular trouble. The electrical signal may be produced by closing a switch. It is caused to operate a latch that lights a light associated with the particular malfunction. Indications of other malfunctions are suppressed until the circuit is reset. A manual reset tests all lights and then leaves them off ready to respond. A power-up reset does not test lights but leaves all lights off ready to respond. The circuit is rendered especially appropriate for military use by hardening against radiation and against pulses of electromagnetic interference. <s> BIB002 </s> A Survey on Non-rigid 3D Shape Analysis <s> Choice of the template T <s> The paper presents a method to estimate the detailed 3D body shape of a person even if heavy or loose clothing is worn. The approach is based on a space of human shapes, learned from a large database of registered body scans. Together with this database we use as input a 3D scan or model of the person wearing clothes and apply a fitting method, based on ICP (iterated closest point) registration and Laplacian mesh deformation. The statistical model of human body shapes enforces that the model stays within the space of human shapes. The method therefore allows us to compute the most likely shape and pose of the subject, even if it is heavily occluded or body parts are not visible. Several experiments demonstrate the applicability and accuracy of our approach to recover occluded or missing body parts from 3D laser scans. <s> BIB003 </s> A Survey on Non-rigid 3D Shape Analysis <s> Choice of the template T <s> In this paper we propose a multilinear model of human pose and body shape which is estimated from a database of registered 3D body scans in different poses. The model is generated by factorizing the measurements into pose and shape dependent components. By combining it with an ICP based registration method, we are able to estimate pose and body shape of dressed subjects from single images. If several images of the subject are available, shape and poses can be optimized simultaneously for all input images. Additionally, while estimating pose and shape, we use the model as a virtual calibration pattern and also recover the parameters of the perspective camera model the images were created with. <s> BIB004
When dealing with 3D models of the same class, e.g. human body shapes, one can define the template T as a typical 3D model in a neutral pose. This has been used in the SCAPE model BIB001 and in many other papers BIB002 , BIB003 for the analysis of human body shapes. In general, the template T can be any surface, e.g. a sphere, of same topology and triangulation as the surfaces being analyzed. In practice, however, domain specific templates are desirable to improve robustness and computation time. Alternatively, one can define T as a single canonical triangle in the xy-plane BIB004 . An exception to these representations is the SCAPE model BIB001 where, in addition to the template mesh T , an articulated skeleton is used to capture articulated motion. These approaches operate on meshes that are in full correspondence with exactly the same connectivity.