A Survey of Keystroke Dynamics Biometrics <s> Objective. <s> As the deficiencies of traditional password-based access systems become increasingly acute, researchers have turned their focus to keystroke biometrics, which seeks to identify individuals by their typing characteristics. However, this field still faces many challenges before it can see full acceptance. <s> BIB001 </s> A Survey of Keystroke Dynamics Biometrics <s> Objective. <s> Significant research into the feasibility of keystroke dynamics as a potential biometric authentication method has taken place since the advent of computers. The studies have progressed from examining typing patterns on desktop keyboards using statistical pattern classifiers to mobile keyboards using neural networks as a pattern classifier. The studies do not have a unifying method of comparing results, which limits comparison between the methods presented. Without the ability to compare studies within research areas, future study is limited in its ability to provide important modifications to the work in question. This paper reviews a representative subset of the current research in keystroke dynamics, and provides recommendations on the potential direction of future work in this area. This will provide a set of guidelines that can be followed by researchers intending to do further work in the area of keystroke dynamics. <s> BIB002
Our objectives and contributions of this paper are listed as follows. (1) Present a comprehensive survey with the inclusion of most recent research papers up to year 2012 covering a total of 187 publications in the form of journal, conference proceeding, thesis, patent, and white paper. (2) Compliment neglected information in earlier reviews BIB001 BIB002  , such as data acquisition methods, experimental settings, template retraining, outlier handling, and feature quality control. (3) Lower the entry barrier to this field by providing a comprehensive reference for novices. (4) Offer a wide range of comparisons in diverse angles and perspectives in terms of experimental protocol evaluation, classifier categorization, and result comparison organization. (5) Recommend potential opportunity for enhancement and exploitation. There exist a few review publications BIB001 BIB002  , specifically in the domain of keystroke dynamics as shown in Table 2 . They vary in terms of year of publication covered, scope of discussion, length and depth of review, comparison methodology, opinions, remarks, and suggestions of potential area for future exploitation.