Internet of Things for Healthcare Using Effects of Mobile Computing: A Systematic Literature Review <s> RQ-2: How the Mobile Computing Secures the IoT Devices in the Healthcare System? <s> Pervasive healthcare applications utilizing body sensor networks generate a vast amount of data that need to be managed and stored for processing and future usage. Cloud computing among with the Internet of Things (IoT) concept is a new trend for efficient managing and processing of sensor data online. This paper presents a platform based on Cloud Computing for management of mobile and wearable healthcare sensors, demonstrating this way the IoT paradigm applied on pervasive healthcare. <s> BIB001 </s> Internet of Things for Healthcare Using Effects of Mobile Computing: A Systematic Literature Review <s> RQ-2: How the Mobile Computing Secures the IoT Devices in the Healthcare System? <s> The last few years, significant advances which improve healthcare have been done in Internet of Things, in cloud computing, in video coding, and in mobile devices. This paper provides an overview of these advances. Also, we propose an IoT-based surveillance system for ubiquitous healthcare monitoring. The system consists of sensors, actuators, and cameras. Mesh topology was decided to be used as it provides important advantages. Moreover, the Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP) is used for the data compression and transferring, and the Scalable High-Efficiency Video Coding (SHVC) is used for the video compression and transferring. The SHVC can deliver the same video quality in half of the bit rate than the High-Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC). Furthermore, cloud services are provided, such as storage and real-time monitoring. Finally, we made a comparative analysis between our proposed system architecture and two other approaches. From this analysis, we can say that our system architecture has some benefits instead of other similar architectures. Also, we made an analysis of the bandwidth and the network throughput. The results are significant since the bandwidth required for the transmission of data and video is reduced. <s> BIB002 </s> Internet of Things for Healthcare Using Effects of Mobile Computing: A Systematic Literature Review <s> RQ-2: How the Mobile Computing Secures the IoT Devices in the Healthcare System? <s> Internet of Things (IoT) is a recent technology that permits the users to connect anywhere, anytime, anyplace and to anyone. In this paper, the various medical services of IoT such as Ambient Assisted Living (AAL), Internet of m-health, community healthcare, indirect emergency healthcare and embedded gateway configuration are surveyed. Further, the applications of IoT in sensing the glucose level, ECG monitoring, blood pressure monitoring, wheelchair management, medication management and rehabilitation system are analyzed. The analysis results show that the use of IoT in the medical field increases the quality of life, user experience, patient outcomes and real-time disease management. The introduction of medical IoT is not without security challenges. Hence, the security threats such as confidentiality, authentication, privacy, access control, trust, and policy enforcement are analyzed. The presence of these threats affect the performance of IoT, thus, the cryptographic algorithms like Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), Data Encryption Standard (DES) and Rivest-Shamir-Adleman (RSA) are used. The investigation on these techniques proves that the RSA provides better security than the AES and DES algorithms. <s> BIB003 </s> Internet of Things for Healthcare Using Effects of Mobile Computing: A Systematic Literature Review <s> RQ-2: How the Mobile Computing Secures the IoT Devices in the Healthcare System? <s> In this paper we describe the mobile health (m-health) system in the context of Internet of Things (IoT). We describe the fundamental characteristics of m-health devices such as compactness, IP connectivity, low-power consumption and security. We discuss acquisition of mobile health data via medical gadgets and wearables and application of this data in monitoring various health conditions such as blood sugar level, ECG, blood-pressure, asthma, etc. Security is very critical for IoT based m-health system. We address the issues of confidentiality, privacy, and security in the context of secure m-health system. We listed several measures to protect the information of patients and m-health system. The m-health system will benefit the patients in many ways such as quick diagnosis, remote monitoring and home rehabilitation. Overall m-health system will significantly reduces healthcare cost and unnecessary hospitalizations. <s> BIB004 </s> Internet of Things for Healthcare Using Effects of Mobile Computing: A Systematic Literature Review <s> RQ-2: How the Mobile Computing Secures the IoT Devices in the Healthcare System? <s> Internet of Things (IoT) can be perceived as enabling user-specific interoperable communication services by integration of sensing and actuation technologies with other leading technologies, such as telecommunication, networking, security and cloud computing etc. Application of the ubiquitous IoT technologies to augment healthcare systems inadvertently exposes the latter to unpredictable, disruptive cyber-attacks. Information and communication security is of utmost important as medical devices or sensors deployed to monitor and collect personal medical data are highly vulnerable to malicious hacker attacks. Moreover, compliance with industry standards and government regulations mandate security and privacy protection of health and medical information. In this paper we introduce a smart gateway which safeguards the entire system using modified Host Identity Protocol Diet EXchange (HIP-DEX) key exchange protocol and a new key exchange scheme based on Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH) routing protocol. Our proposed IoT based healthcare framework is designed to provide end-to-end privacy and protection from security breaches. <s> BIB005 </s> Internet of Things for Healthcare Using Effects of Mobile Computing: A Systematic Literature Review <s> RQ-2: How the Mobile Computing Secures the IoT Devices in the Healthcare System? <s> Recent advances in hardware and telecommunications have enabled the development of low cost mobile devices equipped with a variety of sensors. As a result, new functionalities, empowered by emerging mobile platforms, allow millions of applications to take advantage of vast amounts of data. Following this trend, mobile health applications collect users health-related information to help them better comprehend their health status and to promote their overall wellbeing. Nevertheless, health-related information is by nature and by law deemed sensitive and, therefore, its adequate protection is of substantial importance. In this paper we provide an in-depth security and privacy analysis of some of the most popular freeware mobile health applications. We have performed both static and dynamic analysis of selected mobile health applications, along with tailored testing of each application’s functionalities. Long term analyses of the life cycle of the reviewed apps and our general data protection regulation compliance auditing procedure are unique features of the present paper. Our findings reveal that the majority of the analyzed applications do not follow well-known practices and guidelines, not even legal restrictions imposed by contemporary data protection regulations, thus jeopardizing the privacy of millions of users. <s> BIB006 </s> Internet of Things for Healthcare Using Effects of Mobile Computing: A Systematic Literature Review <s> RQ-2: How the Mobile Computing Secures the IoT Devices in the Healthcare System? <s> Medical Internet of Things, also well known as MIoT, is playing a more and more important role in improving the health, safety, and care of billions of people after its showing up. Instead of going to the hospital for help, patients’ health-related parameters can be monitored remotely, continuously, and in real time, then processed, and transferred to medical data center, such as cloud storage, which greatly increases the efficiency, convenience, and cost performance of healthcare. The amount of data handled by MIoT devices grows exponentially, which means higher exposure of sensitive data. The security and privacy of the data collected from MIoT devices, either during their transmission to a cloud or while stored in a cloud, are major unsolved concerns. This paper focuses on the security and privacy requirements related to data flow in MIoT. In addition, we make in-depth study on the existing solutions to security and privacy issues, together with the open challenges and research issues for future work. <s> BIB007 </s> Internet of Things for Healthcare Using Effects of Mobile Computing: A Systematic Literature Review <s> RQ-2: How the Mobile Computing Secures the IoT Devices in the Healthcare System? <s> With all the exciting benefits of IoT in healthcare — from mobile applications to wearable and implantable health gadgets-it becomes prominent to ensure that patients, their medical data and the interactions to and from their medical devices are safe and secure. The security and privacy is being breached when the mobile applications are mishandled or tampered by the hackers by performing reverse engineering on the application leading to catastrophic consequences. To combat against these vulnerabilities, there is need to create an awareness of the potential risks of these devices and effective strategies are needed to be implemented to achieve a level of security defense. In this paper, the benefits of healthcare IoT system and the possible vulnerabilities that may result are presented. Also, we propose to develop solutions against these vulnerabilities by protecting mobile applications using obfuscation and return oriented programming techniques. These techniques convert an application into a form which makes difficult for an adversary to interpret or alter the code for illegitimate purpose. The mobile applications use keys to control communication with the implantable medical devices, which need to be protected as they are the critical component for securing communications. Therefore, we also propose access control schemes using white box encryption to make the keys undiscoverable to hackers. <s> BIB008 </s> Internet of Things for Healthcare Using Effects of Mobile Computing: A Systematic Literature Review <s> RQ-2: How the Mobile Computing Secures the IoT Devices in the Healthcare System? <s> With the vision of building "A Smart World", Internet of Things (IoT) plays a crucial role where users, computing systems and objects with sensing and actuating capabilities cooperate with unparalleled convenience. Among many applications of IoT, healthcare is the most emerging in today's scenario, as new technological advancement creates opportunity for early detection of illnesses, quick decision generation and even aftercare monitoring. Nowadays, it has become a reality for many patients to be monitored remotely, overcoming traditional logistical obstacles. However, these e-health applications increase the concerns of security, privacy, and integrity of medical data. For secured transmission in IoT healthcare, data that has been gathered from sensors in a patient's body area network needs to be sent to the end user and might need to be aggregated, visualized and/or evaluated before being presented. Here, trust is critical. Therefore, an end-to-end trustworthy system architecture can guarantee the reliable transmission of a patient's data and confirms the success of IoT Healthcare application. <s> BIB009
In order to answer RQ-2, the following research papers were found the top relevant based on abstract, keyword, and full reading. e detail of research papers that addressed RQ-2 is given in Table 6 . Score 1 � represents concrete detail and 0.5 � represents abstract details. In Table 7 , the last column can be interpreted as High � more relevant details, Medium � partial detail, and Low � no detail or irrelevant. e distribution of relevancy level in the above table is like (relevancy level � high, 5), (relevancy level � medium, 4), and (relevancy level � low, 4), as depicted in Figure 10 . Similarly, the paper relevancy to address RQ-1 has been depicted based on Table 7 in Figure 11 . In the healthcare system, there are many IoT devices such as sensors, heterogeneous wearable devices, gyroscopes, altimeters, or other wearable devices which transmit Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing a huge amount of data. So, we need a security mechanism to protect our data from unauthorised users. Similarly, if the patient's privacy is lost or compromised such as, especially, her identity of data, then it may have consequently lead to significant damages like physical, financial, and emotional harm to the patient. For this purpose, sophisticated m-health apps are able to sense changes in environmental and human body measurements in order to assess users' health and to generate alerts relevant to their condition BIB006 . In order to protect the privacy and security for patients in the healthcare environment based on IoT, a systematic mechanism is required. Hence, the mobile application solutions are It measures the sugar and glucose level in blood, and its compatibility is good with iPhone and iPod BIB001  2012 Journal 1, 0.5 BIB002 2016 Journal 1 BIB006 2018 Journal 1  2015 Journal 1 BIB007 2018 Journal 1 BIB005 2017 Conference 1 BIB008 2018 Conference 1  2018 Journal 1 BIB009 2018 Journal 0.5 BIB003 2016 Conference 0.5 BIB004 2016 Conference 0.5