A Survey on Optimal Control and Operation of Integrated Energy Systems <s> Current Development Status of IES. Energy <s> This paper presents an architecture for a future electric power distribution system that is suitable for plug-and-play of distributed renewable energy and distributed energy storage devices. Motivated by the success of the (information) Internet, the architecture described in this paper was proposed by the NSF FREEDM Systems Center, Raleigh, NC, as a roadmap for a future automated and flexible electric power distribution system. In the envisioned “Energy Internet,” a system that enables flexible energy sharing is proposed for consumers in a residential distribution system. The key technologies required to achieve such a vision are presented in this paper as a result of the research partnership of the FREEDM Systems Center. <s> BIB001 </s> A Survey on Optimal Control and Operation of Integrated Energy Systems <s> Current Development Status of IES. Energy <s> This paper presents an integrated approach to analyze industrial development by combining superiority weakness opportunity threats(SWOT) analysis and diamond model,which is applied to exploring the feasibility of renewable energy industry development in Chongming Ecoisland.Results show that Chongming is prone to a long-term renewable energy industry instead of a short-term.The most important thing in developing renewable energy industry of Chongming Ecoisland is to get staggered development in a coordinated and complementary way.A good external environment is favourable for its renewable energy industry,but the lack of production support and stratagy is unfavorable,as a result,the core competence is weakened.Chongming is prospective in its long-term renewable energy,but taking a full advantage of the policy and Chongming Ecoisland external environment is a guarrantee. <s> BIB002 </s> A Survey on Optimal Control and Operation of Integrated Energy Systems <s> Current Development Status of IES. Energy <s> Continuous liberalization and interconnection of energy markets worldwide has raised concerns about the inherent interdependency between primary energy supply and electric systems. With the growing interaction among energy carriers, limitations on the fuel delivery are becoming increasingly relevant to the operation of power systems. This paper contributes with a novel formulation of a mixed-integer linear programing (MILP) security-constrained optimal power and gas flow. To this end, an iterative methodology, based on development of linear sensitivity factors, determines the stabilized post-contingency condition of the integrated network. The proposed model allows system operators not only to perform security analysis but also to adjust in advance state variables of the integrated system optimally and fast, so that $n-1$ contingencies do not result in violations. Case studies integrate the IEEE 24-bus system and a modified Belgian high-calorific gas network for analyzing the performance of the formulation and solution methodology. <s> BIB003 </s> A Survey on Optimal Control and Operation of Integrated Energy Systems <s> Current Development Status of IES. Energy <s> Power-to-gas (P2G) is the process whereby electricity is used to produce hydrogen or synthetic natural gas. The electricity for the P2G process could, for instance, come from renewable energy which would otherwise be curtailed due to system or line constraints. The existing natural gas network could then potentially be used as a means to store, transport, and reutilize this energy, thus preventing its waste. While there are several ongoing discussions on P2G in different countries, these are generally not backed by quantitative studies on its potential network implications and benefits. To bridge this gap, this paper introduces an original methodology to analyze different P2G processes and assess their operational impacts on both electricity and gas transmission networks. This is carried out by using a novel integrated model specifically developed for the simulation of operational interdependences between the two networks considering P2G. To demonstrate the several innovative features of the proposed model, technical, environmental, and economic operational aspects of P2G and its potential benefits are analyzed on the case of the Great Britains system, also providing insights into relief of gas and electrical transmission network constraints. <s> BIB004
Internet is the product of the deep integration of traditional energy system and internet thinking. In the book " e ird Industrial Revolution", Jeremy Ri in, a famous American scholar, rst put forward the vision of energy internet, and believed that the third industrial revolution with energy internet as its core would subvert the use of traditional energy  . IES, as an important physical carrier of energy internet, focuses on collaborative optimization among di erent energy sources. Energy Internet emphasizes the deep integration of energy systems and the ICT (information and communication technology), which is marked by the technologies of internet, computer, automatic control, communication, data processing and network BIB001 . IES is not a new concept. In the eld of energy integration, there are long-term cooperative optimal operation among energy sources, such as CHP system and CCHP system, which use heat energy in di erent levels to reduce energy waste; P2G technology uses wind power and solar energy to generate Hydrogen by electrolyzing water, which is then supplied to the existing gas pipeline network, or to produce methane by utilizing water and CO 2 in atmosphere to provide gas, so as to solve the problem of renewable energy absorption BIB003 BIB004 . IES has been extensively studied and developed based on the needs of energy strategies of various countries. In 2007, the U.S. incorporated IES into the energy sector, and promoted the construction of IES by means of additional funds, uni ed energy production, and distribution suppliers; in 2013, the National Renewable Energy Laboratory established the "Energy System Integration Research Group"  , and IBM established "Smart City" and other projects. In 2014, the EU adopted the target of "40-27-27" in 2030. By 2030, greenhouse gas emissions will be reduced by 40% compared with 1990, 27% of energy consumption comes from renewable energy sources, and energy e ciency will be improved by 27%  . Since 2015, China has issued a number of IES-related policies and carried out a series of demonstration and practical projects, such as the demonstration project of Shanghai Disneyland Resort, which uses centralized energy control to make the primary energy utilization rate above 80%. e Chongming Island demonstration project in Shanghai builds a three-tier energy utilization framework for renewable energy, which realizes the joint optimization of wind farm running independently and megawatt container energy storage system in distribution network BIB002 .