A Survey on Semantic Sensor Web: Sensor Ontology, Mapping and Query <s> (1) Extending According to Different Application <s> The Sensor Web is a coordinated observation infrastructure composed of distributed resources that can behave as a single, autonomous, task-able, reconfigurable observing system that provides observed and derived data along with the associated metadata by using a set of standards-based service oriented interfaces. But these resources, including sensor, data, platform etc., with different characteristics are hard to be fused well. This paper analyzes concepts of various types of sensor web resources for atmospheric observing, focusing on how to access different types of resources expediently, abstract essential features of these sensor web resources, and construct a Sensor Web Resources Ontology for Atmospheric Observation (SWRO-AO) represented by Web Ontology Language. The SWRO-AO could serve as a knowledge repository of sensor web resources for the research and application community in atmospheric science. <s> BIB001 </s> A Survey on Semantic Sensor Web: Sensor Ontology, Mapping and Query <s> (1) Extending According to Different Application <s> The purpose of this paper is to review existing sensor and sensor network ontologies to understand whether they can be reused as a basis for a manufacturing perception sensor ontology, or if the existing ontologies hold lessons for the development of a new ontology. We develop an initial set of requirements that should apply to a manufacturing perception sensor ontology. These initial requirements are used in reviewing selected existing sensor ontologies. Additionally, we present our developed sensor ontology thus far that incorporates a refined list of requirements. This paper describes 1) extending and refining the requirements; 2) proposing hierarchical structures for verifying the purposes of the ontology; 3) choosing appropriate tools and languages (e.g., OWL (Web Ontology Language) [1] and SensorML (Sensor Markup Language) [2]) to support such an ontology; and 4) extending the Semantic Sensor Network (SSN) ontology with a set of refined requirements (i.e., our developed ontology). This work will be proposed as a standard within the IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) Robotics and Automation Society (RAS) Ontologies for Robotics Automation (ORA) Working Group [3]. <s> BIB002 </s> A Survey on Semantic Sensor Web: Sensor Ontology, Mapping and Query <s> (1) Extending According to Different Application <s> This paper describes the process followed in order to make some of the public meterological data from the Agencia Estatal de Meteorologia (AEMET, Spanish Meteorological Office) available as Linked Data. The method followed has been already used to publish geographical, statistical, and leisure data. The data selected for publication are generated every ten minutes by the 250 automatic stations that belong to AEMET and that are deployed across Spain. These data are available as spreadsheets in the AEMET data catalog, and contain more than twenty types of measurements per station. Spreadsheets are retrieved from the website, processed with Python scripts, transformed to RDF according to an ontology network about meteorology that reuses the W3C SSN Ontology, published in a triple store and visualized in maps with Map4rdf. <s> BIB003
SSN ontology is extended according to the specific requirements of different applications. The extended ontologies add new concepts on SSN ontology or change SSN ontology for the specific application, so that they can describe the application field more clearly. NIST ontology BIB002 applies to the manufacturing industry. In NIST ontology, SSN ontology is extended according to a series of specific requirements. On the basis of SSN ontology, function, domain, additional entities, resource group, status, purpose, physical location, etc are added in NIST ontology. NIST ontology describes the detailed sensor dimension, weights, resolution and the knowledge representation standard of the operating conditions, the representation of the system ability, and the sensor network of the manufacturing environment etc. SWROAO BIB001 ontology is used on atmosphere observation. The platform class of SSN ontology is extended. In SWROAO ontology, three subclasses are derived from the platform class. They are aircraft class, ground class and spacecraft class. Each class is subdivided. Aircraft class includes LEO satellite and high orbit satellite, ground class includes the ground remote sensing platform, the ground atmospheric boundary layer observation platform and the mobile ground atmospheric observation platform, and spacecraft class includes balloon, aircraft and rocket, etc. The subdivision of these specific platforms makes SWROAO ontology carry out different query or decision depending on different platforms in the applications. AEMET ontology BIB003 applies to the meteorological forecast of spanish meteorological bureau. It extends from SSN ontology. In AEMET ontology, measurement ontology is related to meteorlological observation. The main conceptes reuse "ssn: Observation", "ssn: FeatureOfInterest" and "ssn: Property"of SSN ontology. But the SSN ontology concepts will be applied to a specific instance. Such as the concept "SSN: Property" is extended and added the specific properties of meteorological aspect in AEMET ontology. The concept "ssn: Sensor" is expanded to a hierarchy of types of sensors in the AEMET ontology and "ssn: Platform" is extended by "aemet: WeatherStation".