Sustainability in Software Engineering: A Systematic Literature Review for Building up a Knowledge Base <s> RQ5: Which methods are in use? <s> We describe collaborative efforts among a group of Knowledge Representation (KR) experts, domain scientists, and scientific information managers in developing knowledge models for ecological and environmental concepts. The development of formal, structured approaches to KR used by the group (i.e., ontologies) can be informed by evidence marshalled from unstructured approaches to KR and semantic tagging already in use by the community. <s> BIB001 </s> Sustainability in Software Engineering: A Systematic Literature Review for Building up a Knowledge Base <s> RQ5: Which methods are in use? <s> Depending upon the nonlinear feature between neural units in artificial neural networks (ANN), artificial neural network was used to develop a model for greenhouse inside air temperature management. Data was collected and processed for training and simulation of temperature model. The design of the network structure and transfer function was also discussed. Because heuristic logic of greenhouse environment exists, a simple ANN controller does not perfect complex task, the algorithm of ANN with heuristic logic is developed. Experimental result indicated that the performance of the new control scheme meet the requirement of greenhouse environment control. <s> BIB002 </s> Sustainability in Software Engineering: A Systematic Literature Review for Building up a Knowledge Base <s> RQ5: Which methods are in use? <s> Ecologic Economics or Eco-economics is a new research field that combines economic issues with issues related to environmental sciences, with the purpose of developing a new type of environment-friendly economy. The development of Eco-economics implies the development of Eco-culture, i.e. changing man, the values which it observes, the mentality regarding his relationship with the environment. The state is the key element in promoting Eco-culture and Eco-economics, the financial and fiscal instruments, especially green taxes and it has a mobilizing and stimulating effect. <s> BIB003 </s> Sustainability in Software Engineering: A Systematic Literature Review for Building up a Knowledge Base <s> RQ5: Which methods are in use? <s> In this paper the results from a in-depth life cycle analysis of production and use of a novel grid-connected photovoltaic micromorph system are presented and compared to other thin film and traditional crystalline silicon photovoltaic technologies. Among the new thin film technologies, the micromorph tandem junction appears to be one of the most promising devices from the industrial point of view. The analysis was based on actual production data given to the authors directly from the PRAMAC Swiss Company and it is consistent with the recommendations provided by the ISO norms and updates. The gross energy requirement, green house gas emissions and energy pay-back time have been calculated for the electric energy output virtually generated by the studied system in a lifetime period of 20 years. A comparative framework is also provided, wherein results obtained for the case study are compared with data from literature previously obtained for the best commercially available competing photovoltaic technologies. Results clearly show a significant decrease in gross energy requirement, in green house gas emissions and also a shorter energy pay-back time for the micromorph technology. <s> BIB004
There is a wide variety of methods in use for different purposes -we found traditional software engineering techniques as well as domain-specific techniques and methods from other disciplines. Many approaches apply entity-relationship modeling, e.g. BIB001 , as means to represent their data, knowledge, or information models. Neural networks are in use for dynamic environments and simulations, e.g. BIB002 . Methods adapted from other disciplines are, inter alia, cost calculations, e.g. BIB003 , and life cycle analysis, e.g. BIB004 .