Multimedia Internet of Things: A Comprehensive Survey <s> I. ENERGY-AWARE AND GREEN COMMUNICATION <s> Energy and spectrum resources play significant roles in 5G communication systems. In industrial applications in the 5G era, green communications are a great challenge for sustainable development of networks. Energy harvesting technology is a promising approach to prolong network lifetime. In energy harvesting networks, nodes may replenish energy from a mobile charger to overcome variations of renewable energy. In this article, energy-rich nodes are stimulated to upload surplus energy to the mobile charger, leading to bidirectional energy flow. This creates a new paradigm wherein energy flows coexist with data flows, which gives rise to new problems in controlling the energy flows and data flows. Software defined networking enables centralized control to optimize flow scheduling. We propose an SD-EHN architecture for 5G green communications. In SD-EHN, the data plane, the energy plane, and the control plane are decoupled to support flexible energy scheduling and improve energy efficiency, thus facilitating sustainability in energy harvesting networks. A scenario with a mobile charger acting as a mobile data collector is presented to introduce an energy trading model in SD-EHN. We use stochastic inventory theory to determine the optimal energy storage levels of the nodes. A Nash bargaining game is proposed to solve the benefit allocation problem for energy trading. Numerical results indicate that SD-EHN optimizes energy utilization and saves energy. <s> BIB001 </s> Multimedia Internet of Things: A Comprehensive Survey <s> I. ENERGY-AWARE AND GREEN COMMUNICATION <s> Wireless multimedia nanosensor networks (WMNSN) are novel networks combining nanosensor technology and multimedia technology. They have wide application prospect in many fields. One of the major bottlenecks in WMNSN is the very limited energy that can be stored in a nanosensor. Thus, an energy harvesting multi-path routing protocol (EHMR) is proposed to solve this problem. In the protocol, a piezoelectric nano energy harvesting system is introduced to break the bottleneck. A game routing model is established to measure the contribution of a node to the path and the result decides which node will be selected as a next hop. The cooperative game routing model considers the energy consumption, the path's transmission rate, end-to-end delay and transmission success ratio. Simulation results show that this protocol can realize self-powered nanosensors and perpetual wireless nanosensor networks. Besides, it provides lower delay,higher transmission success ratio and throughput compared to greedy routing algorithm. And it is suitable for terahertz WMNSN. <s> BIB002
Energy is a scarce resource. Bandwidth and power-hungry multimedia applications require vast energy resources for their transmission. Thus, to transmit multimedia data over IoT, energy-aware and energy harvesting methods need to be explored. There are many energy harvesting solutions for harvesting energy from the environment. These solutions can assist in prolonging network life and promoting green communication BIB002 . SDNs provide a better softwarization and virtualization approach to manage hybrid energy resources in future communication networks BIB001 . To the best of our knowledge, SDNs are not studied for energy harvesting approaches to transmit multimedia content over the IoT network.