Technical Feasibility of Hermetia illucens in Integrated Waste Management, Renovated with Sewage Water, an Overview <s> In-Vessel Composting <s> Municipal Solid Waste management is becoming a critical problem in most of the megacities of the world as waste volume continues to rise, which leads to the loss of resources and increased environmental risks. Municipal Solid Waste consists of more than 40 percent of organic waste, so composting most of this waste would be the best way to reduce the quantity to one fourth resulting in nutrient rich soil amendment. Composting is an age old practice for the biological conversion of organic waste to humus like substance which can enhance physical, chemical and biological soil properties. For the assurance of an effective solid waste management, implementations of appropriate solid waste treatment strategies are vital. This can be enhanced through the utilization of technologies that are most economically efficient, sustainable and ecofriendly. <s> BIB001 </s> Technical Feasibility of Hermetia illucens in Integrated Waste Management, Renovated with Sewage Water, an Overview <s> In-Vessel Composting <s> Background ::: Organic solid waste management is a major challenge in high population density areas like apartments, educational institutions, hospitals, etc., as their disposal with other wastes could not only lead to issues like vector menace, odour generation but also would lead to loss of resources that could be reused such as nutrients which will benefit soil. In places like educational institutions, the major portion of waste generated is organic waste, especially food waste and yard waste from the campus, apart from paper waste. Composting is an organic waste treatment method that is cost effective and leads to resource recovery. In this study, the characteristics of composting of yard waste and co-composting of yard waste with wastes generated in an institution (university campuses of Anna University, Chennai, India) are examined. The composts were characterized in terms of total solids, volatile solids, pH, electrical conductivity, carbon: nitrogen (C:N) ratio and total Kjeldahl nitrogen. The stability index and germination index of the compost were assessed. <s> BIB002
It's a kind of composting technique which is generally conducted inside a closed container or vessel under the controlled environment, facilitated with equipment like mixer, homogenizer, aerator, moisture controller etc. BIB001 . In order to prevent the contamination of waste pile due to oxygen sag and maintain a prevalent uniformity, mixing and turning plays a typical role to ensure optimum efficiency of the process  . Another vital factor which decides the suitability of composting as a waste management technique for a certain waste is C: N ratio. Sangamithirai et al. BIB002 recorded a C: N ratio of 30:1 or less is most apposite to ensure optimal conversion. Certain secondary factor which influences composting is air pressure and moisture content. Apparently higher moisture content at the initial phase of the aerobic composting often found to be obligatory to achieve greater temperatures (>80˚C) and sustain it for the longer period. Based on a wide range of studies conducted by several researchers the initial moisture content of 75% associated with an air pressure value of 0.6 bar is highly recom- 