A review of CPS 5 components architecture for manufacturing based on standards <s> INTRODUCTION <s> Cyber-Physical Systems (CPSs) are characterized by integrating computation and physical processes. The theories and applications of CPSs face the enormous challenges. The aim of this work is to provide a better understanding of this emerging multi-disciplinary methodology. First, the features of CPSs are described, and the research progresses are summarized from different perspectives such as energy control, secure control, transmission and management, control technique, system resource allocation, and model-based software design. Then three classic applications are given to show that the prospects of CPSs are engaging. Finally, the research challenges and some suggestions for future work are in brief outlined. <s> BIB001 </s> A review of CPS 5 components architecture for manufacturing based on standards <s> INTRODUCTION <s> The Cyber-Physical System (CPS) is a term describing a broad range of complex, multi-disciplinary, physically-aware next generation engineered system that integrates embedded computing technologies (cyber part) into the physical world. In order to define and understand CPS more precisely, this article presents a detailed survey of the related work, discussing the origin of CPS, the relations to other research fields, prevalent concepts, and practical applications. Further, this article enumerates an extensive set of technical challenges and uses specific applications to elaborate and provide insight into each specific concept. CPS is a very broad research area and therefore has diverse applications spanning different scales. Additionally, the next generation technologies are expected to play an important role on CPS research. All of CPS applications need to be designed considering the cutting-edge technologies, necessary system-level requirements, and overall impact on the real world. <s> BIB002 </s> A review of CPS 5 components architecture for manufacturing based on standards <s> INTRODUCTION <s> Abstract The recently emerged methodologies for interconnected systems such as cyber-physical systems are focused to closely monitor the information and synchronize it between the physical connected systems and cyber computational space. Depending on the physical system being monitored, the approach for designing and implementing the framework for interconnect systems might differ. In manufacturing industry, utilizing advanced analytics over a systematic deployment of cyber-physical system provides network of machines with ability to perform more efficiently, collaboratively and resiliently. Such transformation can takes the manufacturing industry into the next level of evolution namely called Industry 4.0. In this paper, a unified framework for integrating CPS in manufacturing is presented. Then an adaptive clustering method as an advanced analytical method for interconnected systems will be described and at the end of the paper a case study of self-aware machines by CPS integration is presented. <s> BIB003
We are currently experiencing the fourth Industrial Revolution in terms of cyber-physical systems.  BIB003  . A Cyber-Physical System (CPS) is a physical and engineered system, which can monitor and control the physical environment. Most modern computing devices are ubiquitous embedded systems employed to monitor and control physical processes: cars, airplanes, automotive highway systems, air traffic management, manufacturing plants, etc.  . In the past, research on embedded systems tended to focus on the design optimization problems of these computational devices. In recent years, the focus has shifted towards the complex synergy between the computational elements and the physical environment with which they interact. The term Cyber-Physical System was coined to refer to such interactions. In CPS, embedded computation and communication devices, together with sensors and actuators of the physical substratum, are federated in heterogeneous, open, and systems-of-systems. Examples include smart cities, smart grids, medical devices, production lines, automotive controllers, and robotics  . The presence and importance of CPS is intended as the orchestration of networked computational resources with multiphysics (mechanical, chemical, electrical) systems in industry. The engineering problems are faced daily managing dynamics, time, and concurrency in heterogeneous (interconnected) systems where the amount and complexity of intelligence (the cyber part) is growing rapidly, and where software implementations are a major portion of system design, validation and ultimately verification. Research and education in this field is of strategic importance for business for years to come. Industry and Government in United States have posed CPS at the center of the engineering research agenda since 2007 when the President's Council of Advisors on Science and Technology (PCAST) highlighted CPS as the "number one" Priority for Federal Investments in Networking and Information Technology. Since 2010, the European research and industrial community has focused on CPS as paradigms for the future of systems. Acatech (German National Academy of Science and Engineering) developed and published in 2011, an Integrated Research Agenda for CPSs. CPSs are essential for the future of the system industry worldwide and collaboration at all levels, from practicing engineers to product architects, from tool makers to technology providers, from service to research. The impacts of CPSs on industrial services can lead to seven affordances   BIB001 BIB002 Nevertheless, CPS, as emerging technology and new industrial paradigm, is still lacking of formal methodology to guide the design and the deployment phases. In order to handle such research gap, we decide to focus on the existing and emerging standards attached to CPS in some ways, in order to first have a clear maps of the concepts. To this aim, we use an accepted CPS architecture for manufacturing to avoid redundancy in analysis and description. We propose an analysis of the standards landscape for CPS in the Industry 4.0 context with consolidated information from governing bodies such as the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), Guobiao Standards (Standardization Administration of China GB), and Deutsches Institut for Normung (DIN). We propose a framework of CPS 5C architecture based on standards for manufacturing to avoid gaps between CPS components and standardization bodies. We base our research through professional association (IEEE, google scholar and web of science), extracting literature using the keywords (CPS, Industry4.0, Standardization) for the duration from 2010 -2017. We so found international standards, European standard and national standards and we selected those standards which had relation with CPS 5C Fig.2 . The paper is organized as follows. Section 2 presents the CPS 5C architecture for manufacturing. Section 3 is dedicated to the challenges related to standardization in the CPS 5C architecture. The proposed framework is detailed in Section 4. Finally, Section 5 deals with the conclusion and future work.