A SURVEY ON ONTOLOGY BASED WEB PERSONALIZATION <s> ONOTOLOGY <s> Recent work in Artificial Intelligence is exploring the use of formal ontologies as a way of specifying content-specific agreements for the sharing and reuse of knowledge among software entities. We take an engineering perspective on the development of such ontologies. Formal ontologies are viewed as designed artifacts, formulated for specific purposes and evaluated against objective design criteria. We describe the role of ontologies in supporting knowledge sharing activities, and then present a set of criteria to guide the development of ontologies for these purposes. We show how these criteria are applied in case studies from the design of ontologies for engineering mathematics and bibliographic data. Selected design decisions are discussed, and alternative representation choices and evaluated against the design criteria. <s> BIB001 </s> A SURVEY ON ONTOLOGY BASED WEB PERSONALIZATION <s> ONOTOLOGY <s> Web Intelligence is a fascinating area in the very early stages of research and development. It combines the interaction of the human mind and artificial intelligence with networks and technology. How will the next generation Web mature? With the imminent growth of Web intelligence what expectations do users have? Users will expect more from the Web than for it to merely pass raw data between people via search engines. We attempt to define and summarise the concept of Web Intelligence, highlight the key elements of Web Intelligence, and explore the topic of Web information retrieval with particular focus on multimedia/information retrieval and intelligent agents. <s> BIB002
Ontology is a formal description and specification of knowledge. It provides a common understanding of topics to be communicated between users and systems BIB002 . As defined by Thomas R. Gruber as Ontology is "an explicit specification of a conceptualization". A conceptualization consists of a set of entities (such as objects and concepts) that may be used to express knowledge and relationships BIB001 . Developing a Ontology includes