A Survey on Optimal Control and Operation of Integrated Energy Systems <s> Optimal Operation of IES considering Electro-Gas-ermal <s> Inherent scarcity of thermal sources with a time varying temperature profile is the reason why the pyroelectric-based energy harvesting is not as prominent as its counterpart, thermoelectric generators, in the thermal energy harvesting domain. In this paper, a practical solution for generating thermal oscillations required for sustainable pyroelectric-based energy harvesting from the solar and wind energies, is presented. The main focus of the work is to modulate the concentrated solar radiation using a vertical axis wind turbine for producing higher rate of change of temperature on the pyroelectric material. The maximum energy and power density produced by the prototype device using PZT-5H as pyroelectric material are 6.927 mJ/cm3/cycle and 421.18 μW/cm3, respectively, and on average it can produce a power density of 304.78 μW/cm3, which concurs with the theoretical model. <s> BIB001 </s> A Survey on Optimal Control and Operation of Integrated Energy Systems <s> Optimal Operation of IES considering Electro-Gas-ermal <s> Energy hub integrates various energy conversion and storage technologies, which can yield complementarity among multiple energy and provide consumers with stable energy services, such as electricity, heating, and cooling. This enables energy hub to be an ideal energy system design for smart and green buildings. This paper proposes a distributed auction mechanism for multi-energy scheduling of an energy hub that serves numbers of building energy users. In the auction, users first submit their demand data to the hub manager. Then, the hub manager allocates energy to users via optimization of energy scheduling based on the users’ data. The auction mechanism is designed to be incentive compatible, meaning that users are incentivized to truthfully submit their demand data. Next, to mitigate the computational burden of the hub manager, a distributed implementation of the auction is developed, in which an algorithm based on alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) is adopted to offload auction computation onto the users. Distributed computation offloading may bring in new chances for users to manipulate the auction outcome since the users participate part of the auction computation. It is proven that the proposed distributed auction mechanism can achieve incentive compatibility in a Nash equilibrium, which indicates that rational users will faithfully report demand data and complete the assigned computation as well. Finally, simulation results based on a household energy consumption dataset are presented to evaluate the energy scheduling performance and to verify the incentive compatibility of the auction mechanism. <s> BIB002 </s> A Survey on Optimal Control and Operation of Integrated Energy Systems <s> Optimal Operation of IES considering Electro-Gas-ermal <s> This study establishes a multi-objective model for comprehensive energy system scheduling optimisation with wind farms, combined heat and power units, power to gas technology, circulating fluidised bed boilers and gas boilers. The goal is to minimise the operating costs and minimise the discharge of pollutants while meeting the constraints of the material balance of the circulating fluidised bed boiler. The improved weak robust optimisation theory is used to deal with the uncertainty of wind power, and the weak robust coefficient is introduced. By adjusting the coefficient, the optimal solution under the different tolerances of the deterioration of the objective function is obtained. The improved bacterial population chemotaxis algorithm is used to optimise the comprehensive energy system scheduling model, and a feasible solution with certain robustness is obtained. Sensitivity analysis under different risk levels is done. The simulation verifies the correctness and effectiveness of the optimised scheduling model and the improved algorithm. <s> BIB003
Coupling. IES with electricity, gas, and heat is composed of power system, thermal system, and natural gas system with various coupling units such as CHP, gas turbine and gas boiler. Energy hub is the key to the coupling of multienergy. e optimal operation and power ow with energy hubs as the core have attracted wide attention. e coordinated optimization objectives of multienergy hubs are generally the optimal economy of own system, optimal overall economy or the least carbon emissions. Zhong et al. BIB003 establishes a multiobjective model for scheduling optimization of IES with the objective of minimizing the operating cost and pollutant emission. e improved bacterial population chemotaxis algorithm is used to optimize the comprehensive energy system scheduling model. e simulation veri es the e ectiveness of the optimized scheduling model and the improved algorithm. Zhong and Yang BIB002 proposes a distributed auction mechanism with multienergy control. e energy hub uses dual consensus ADMM algorithm to distribute energy for users with the objective of maximizing social welfare. Finally, it organizes and builds load data, analyses and evaluates the performance of energy scheduling and veri es the compatibility of incentive mechanism. Cooperative optimal operation of power system and thermal system can break the traditional mode of "electricity by heat" and improve the level of energy utilization. Relevant research has proved that large-scale thermal storage system can e ectively improve the exible dispatching ability of the system. However, new materials such as thermal storage or phase-change thermal storage need to be further studied  . At present, the related research of solar thermal power generation technology BIB001 has attracted wide attention. However, due to the high cost of power generation, related technologies need to be further studied.