Ecology of Commanster The Ecology of Commanster Ecological Relationships Among More Than 7800 Species Commanster: A Small Village in the Belgian High Ardennes Latitude: 50° 15' 20" N Longitude: 5° 59' 58" E Altitude: 490-590m, between the Meuse and Rhine River Basins Average Temperature: 0°C (Winter), 15°C (Summer) Average Annual Precipitation: 1300mm Population: 60 Inhabitants Pictures provide links showing ecological relationships. CLICK ON THE PHOTOS! (Except landscapes like those below, and a species on its homepage) Important Caveat Activity Zones Maps and Some History Village Farmland Le Grand Bois Natagora Reserves Biotopes Forest Alder-Birch-Willow (Wet) Beech Spruce Hedge Rows Meadows Wet Meadows Heath and Moorland Peat Bogs and Mires Streams and Springs Ponds Buildings and Gardens Species Richness of Biotopes: Biotope % of all Species Biotope % of all Species Wet Forest 11% Heaths, Moors 4% Beech Forest 19% Bogs, Mires 3% Spruce Forest 24% Streams, Springs 3% Hedge Rows 48% Ponds 5% Meadows 19% Buildings, Gardens 7% Wet Meadows 8% Microhabitats Dung Dead Animals Plant Litter Dead Wood Fungi Temporary Pools Bare Ground Stones, Concrete Environmental Threats Habitat Destruction Exotic Species Pollution Some Proposals Species Lists with Translations Animals (Kingdom Animalia) Vertebrates (Phylum Chordata) Mammals (Class Mammalia) Birds (Class Aves) Reptiles (Class Reptilia) Amphibians (Class Amphibia) Fish (Classes Actinopterygii, Cephalaspidomorphi) Invertebrates Phylum Arthropoda Insects (Class Insecta) Beetles (Order Coleoptera) Flies (Order Diptera) Aphids, Bugs, and Hoppers (Order Hemiptera) Ants, Bees, Sawflies, and Wasps (Order Hymenoptera) Butterflies and Moths (Order Lepidoptera) Dragonflies (Order Odonata) Crickets and Grasshoppers (Order Orthoptera) Caddisflies (Order Trichoptera) Earwigs, Cockroaches, Mayflies, Scorpionflies, Alderflies, Lacewings, Stoneflies, Barklice, Snakeflies, Thrips, and Silverfish (Orders Dermaptera, Dictyoptera, Ephemeroptera, Mecoptera, Megaloptera, Neuroptera, Plecoptera, Psocoptera, Raphidioptera, Thysanoptera, Zygentoma) Springtails (Class Entognatha) Arachnids (Class Arachnida) Spiders and Harvestmen (Orders Araneae, Opiliones) Ticks and Mites (Orders Ixodida, Mesostigmata, Prostigmata) Water Fleas, Centipedes, Millipedes, Woodlice, Copepods, and Ostrocods (Classes Branchiopoda, Chilopoda, Diplopoda, Malacostraca, Maxillopoda, Ostracoda) Phylum Annelida Leeches and Worms (Classes Hirudinea, Oligochaeta) Phylum Mollusca Snails and Slugs (Class Gastropoda) Phylum Platyhelminthes Flatworms (Class Turbellaria) Kingdom Fungi Phylum Basidiomycota Agaricales Boletales Polyporales Russulales Other Basidiomycota Phyla Ascomycota, Chytridiomycota, and Zygomycota Lichens Kingdoms Chromista, Protozoa Slime and Water Moulds Viruses Plants (Kingdom Plantae) Algae Phyla Bryophyta and Marchantiophyta Mosses and Liverworts Phyla Lycophyta and Monilophyta Clubmosses, Ferns, Horsetails Phylum Magnoliophyta Trees and Bushes Herbaceous Plants Grasses Rushes, Sedges, and Reeds Calendar Birds Daily Observations Residents Singing Migrant Arrivals Spring Passage Autumn Passage Migrant Departures Invertebrates Insects Beetle Adults, Larvae Fly Adults, Larvae Aphid, Bug, and Hopper Adults, Nymphs Ant, Bee, Sawfly, and Wasp Adults, Larvae Butterfly Adults, Larvae and Moth Adults, Larvae Dragonflies Grasshopper and Cricket Adults, Nymphs Caddisfly Adults, Larvae Miscellaneous Insects Adults, Young Springtails Spiders and Harvestmen Adults, Spiderlings Mites and Ticks Fungi Basidiomycota Agaricales Boletales Polyporales Russulales Other Basidiomycota Ascomycota, Chytridiomycota, and Zygomycota Slime and Water Moulds Plants Trees and Bushes Herbaceous Plants Grasses Rushes, Sedges, and Reeds Publications Containing Photos from this Site Experts Providing Species Identification Seasons Spring Mammals Birds Migrants Arriving Nesters: January-March, April-June Residents Invertebrates Beetles: March, April, May, June Flies: March, April, May, June Aphids, Bugs, and Hoppers: March, April, May, June Ants, Bees, Sawflies, and Wasps: March, April, May, June Butterflies: March - April, May, June Moths: March, April, May, June Dragonflies Grasshoppers and Crickets Caddisflies: April, May, June Miscellaneous Insects: March - April, May, June Springtails Spiders and Harvestmen: March - April, May, June Mites and Ticks: April, May - June Tracks Mammals Birds Fungi Agaricales: April, May, June Boletales Polyporales Russulales Other Basidiomycota Ascomycota and Zygomycota: March - April, May, June Slime and Water Moulds Plants Trees and Bushes: March - April, May - June Herbaceous Plants: March - April, May, June Grasses: March - April, May, June Rushes and Sedges Summer Mammals Birds Nests Young Residents Migrants Invertebrates Beetles: June, July, August, September Flies: June, July, August, September Aphids, Bugs, and Hoppers: June, July, August, September Bees, Sawflies, and Wasps: June, July, August, September Butterflies Moths: June, July, August, September Dragonflies Grasshoppers and Crickets Caddisflies Miscellaneous Insects Springtails Spiders and Harvestmen June - July, August - September, Mites Fungi Agaricales: June, July, August, September Boletales: June, July, August, September Polyporales: June - July, August, September Russulales: June, July, August, September Other Basidiomycota: June, July, August, September Ascomycota, Blastocladiomycota, and Zygomycota: June, July, August, September Slime and Water Moulds Plants Trees and Shrubs Herbaceous Plants: June, July, August, September Grasses Rushes Autumn Mammals Birds Migrants Departures Residents Invertebrates Beetles Flies: September, October, November - December Bugs Bees: September, October, November - December Moths Caddisflies Miscellaneous Insects Springtails Spiders and Harvestmen Mites Fungi Agaricales: September, October, November, December Boletales Polyporales: September, October, November, December Russulales September, October, November-December Other Basidiomycota September, October, November, December Ascomycota and Zygomycota: September, October, November, December Slime Moulds Winter Mammals Birds Visitors Residents Invertebrates Beetles: December - January, February, March Flies: December - January, February, March Bugs: January - February, March Bees, Wasps, and SawFlies Butterflies, Moths January - February, March, Groundhoppers Miscellaneous Insects Springtails Spiders: January - February, March Mites Tracks Mammals Birds Fungi Agaricales Polyporales Russulales Other Basidiomycota Ascomycota and Zygomycota Slime Moulds Plants Trees Herbaceous Plants Animal Tales Estimated Decline in Insect Numbers (2009 equals 100) Weather Records My Reference Library Identification Ecology Genetics and Evolution Biodiversity and Conservation Light Reading Links Equipment Balades à Commanster Please send corrections, comments, and suggestions to jklindsey@protonmail.com Back to Jim Lindsey's Home Page