Important papers in arithmetic geometry and number theory Having been inspired by this question I was wondering, what are some important papers in arithmetic geometry and number theory that should be read by students interested in these fields?
There is a related wikipedia article along these lines, but it doesn't mention some important papers such as Mazur's "Modular Curves and the Eisenstein ideal" paper or Ribet's Inventiones 100 paper.

Answer posted by Zev Chonoles in the comments:

Pete Clark recommends the "1958 paper of Lang and Tate, on Galois cohomology of abelian varieties", which I believe refers to the paper Principal Homogeneous Spaces over Abelian Varieties. I assume this is classified as arithmetic geometry?

