theory behind semantics, RDF, OWL What are the fields of mathematics related with semantics technologies and their specifications as RDF, OWL, SPARQL?
If somebody working as a programmer with those technologies (using them with a practical scope and from a pragmatic point of view) would like to deepen into their mathematical aspects which reads would you recommend?
Is mathematical lattices theory related?
Is topology related?

From what I can gather, RDF is a query language used for databses. RDF has, as has many other modern programming languages, a formal syntax and semantics that a precise description of how the programming language works, so that no program written in the language can be ambiguous.
The syntax of a language defines what symbols and combinations of symbols are valid in the language. The semantics of the language describes what the meaning of different syntactical constructions are. To understand at a very basic level what syntax and semantics are, and why they are necessary, I would recommend a book on (propositonal) logic.
In computer science and programming languages, we often need more complicated expressions than the ones used in logic. Therefore the theory of semantics has been extended in various ways, and the two most used types of semantics today are probably denotational semantics and operational semantics (see more here).
Some related areas are automata theory, since this is very closely related to syntax of formal languages, lattice theory, since many programming languages allow for recursion, and this often requires use of fixed point theorems from lattice theory, and type theory, since a strong type system can often help to make a programming language more robust.
