Prove that $\sum_{n=1}^{\infty}\left(\frac{1}{(8n-7)^3}-\frac{1}{(8n-1)^3}\right)=\left(\frac{1}{64}+\frac{3}{128\sqrt{2}}\right)\pi^3$ Prove that $$\sum_{n=1}^{\infty}\left(\frac{1}{(8n-7)^3}-\frac{1}{(8n-1)^3}\right)=\left(\frac{1}{64}+\frac{3}{128\sqrt{2}}\right)\pi^3$$
I don't have an idea about how to start.

What we have is
$$\frac1{1^3} - \frac1{7^3} + \frac1{9^3} - \frac1{15^3} + \cdots $$
Imagine if we used negative summation indices (e.g., $n=0, -1, -2, \cdots$).  Then we would have
$$\frac1{(-7)^3} - \frac1{(-1)^3} + \frac1{(-15)^3} - \frac1{(-9)^3} + \cdots$$
You should see then that the sum is
$$\frac12 \sum_{n=-\infty}^{\infty} \left [\frac1{(8 n-7)^3} - \frac1{(8 n-1)^3} \right ] $$
The significance of this is that we may use a very simple result from residue theory to evaluate the sum:
$$\sum_{n=-\infty}^{\infty} f(n) = -\pi \sum_k \operatorname*{Res}_{z=z_k} [f(z) \cot{\pi z} ]$$
where the $z_k$ are the non-integer poles of $f$.  Here
$$f(z) = \frac12 \left [\frac1{(8 z-7)^3} - \frac1{(8 z-1)^3} \right ] = \frac1{2 \cdot 8^3} \left [\frac1{(z-7/8)^3} - \frac1{(z-1/8)^3} \right ]$$
$f$ has poles at $z_1=1/8$ and $z_2=7/8$.  At $z_1$, the residue is
$$\frac1{2 \cdot 8^3} \frac1{2!} \left [ \frac{d^2}{dz^2} \cot{\pi z} \right ]_{z=1/8} = \frac1{2 \cdot 8^3}  \frac1{2!} (2 \pi ^2) \cot \left(\frac{\pi }{8}\right) \csc ^2\left(\frac{\pi }{8}\right)$$
The calculation for the other pole is similar.  Then our sum is
$$\frac1{2 \cdot 8^3} \frac1{2!} \pi (2 \pi ^2) \left [\cot \left(\frac{\pi }{8}\right) \csc ^2\left(\frac{\pi }{8}\right)-\cot \left(\frac{7 \pi }{8}\right) \csc ^2\left(\frac{7 \pi }{8}\right) \right ] = \frac{\pi^3}{\cdot 8^3} \cot \left(\frac{\pi }{8}\right) \csc ^2\left(\frac{\pi }{8} \right )$$
Simplifying...
$$\cot \left(\frac{\pi }{8}\right) = 1+\sqrt{2}$$
$$\csc ^2\left(\frac{\pi }{8} \right ) = \frac{2}{1-\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}} = \frac{4}{2-\sqrt{2}} = 2 \left (2+\sqrt{2} \right)$$
Thus:

$$\sum_{n=1}^{\infty} \left [\frac1{(8 n-1)^3} - \frac1{(8 n-7)^3} \right ] = \frac{\pi^3}{256} \left (4+3 \sqrt{2} \right )$$

