Distance between k-bit numbers in random sequence of n-bit numbers. In a random sequence of n-bit numbers, what is the average distance apart of each k-bit number and what is the average distance apart of each odd k-bit number.
Numbers are all positive integers.
Definition: An n-bit number is a number consisting of n bits - set or clear.
Definition: A k-bit number is a number of just k set bits and therefore n-k clear bits.
E.g. in an n-bit number with n=8 there are 8 k-bit numbers where k = 1 and 28 k-bit numbers where k = 2. 
Let me clarify with an example.
If I generate a sequence of all 256 8-bit numbers at random I will generate k-bit numbers as 1 0-bit number, 8 1-bit numbers, 28 2-bit numbers etc. Note that the list 1, 8, 28, 56, 70, 56, 28, 8, 1 is a row in Pascals triangle. 
Taking only the odd values we get 1, 7, 21, 35, 35, 21, 7, 1 - the next lower row of the triangle.
I would like to get an estimate of the mean distance between these numbers. 
In one run of my example I get the positions of each odd 2-bit number as [45, 90, 112, 121, 168, 229, 242] giving gaps of [45, 22, 9, 47, 61, 13] and an average gap of 32.83.
I need to predict this average gap for any n and k. This is beyond my schoolboy maths so I hope someone here can help.
In this example a(8,2) = 32.83. What, for example would a(96,13) be, i.e. the average gap between numbers with 13 bits set in a random sequence of 96-bit numbers. And what would o(96,13) be, i.e. the average gap between odd numbers with 13 bits set in a random sequence of 96-bit numbers.
Please assume good randomness and as many trials as needed to achieve stable averages.
Happy with a value derived from a row of Pascals triangle.
Approximate results from trial runs:
o(10,2)=84.75
o(10,3)=26.28
o(10,4)=11.86
o(10,5)=8.0


If you have $p$ people arranged in a row at random and $s$ of them are special, then the expected average gap between special people is $\frac{p+1}{s+1}$. Imagine having an additional special person, and arranging all $p+1$ people round a circular table with $s+1$ gaps between the special people: the gaps are identically distributed so each have the same expectation, whether or not you ignore the gaps next to the additional person.
So all you need to do is find $s$ and $p$ for your particular question.
There are $2^n$ numbers with $n$ bits.  ${n \choose k}$ of them have $k$ bits set, and ${n-1 \choose k-1}$ have $k$ bits set including the last one: these are the numbers in Pascal's triangle you have found.
So the answer to your not-necessarily-odd question is $\dfrac{2^n+1}{{n \choose k}+1}$, while the answer to your odd question is $\dfrac{2^n+1}{{n-1 \choose k-1}+1}$.
If $n=8$ and $k=2$ then this last expression is $\dfrac{257}{8}=32.125$, so your random example of $32.83$ was not too far away.  For $n=10$ and $k=2,3,4,5$ it gives about $102.5, 27.7, 12.1, 8.1$, and if I were you I would check the first of these.  
