How many ways can 8 teachers be distributed among $4 $ schools? There are several ways that the teachers can be divided amongst $4$ schools, namely here are the possible choices I came up with:
$1) 1 1 1 5$
$2) 1 1 2 4$
$3) 1 1 3 3$
$4) 1 2 2 3$
$5) 2 2 2 2$
now given the fact that say $2213$ is the same as $1 2 2 3$ it was omitted. With out repeats I believe these 5 are the only possibilities. 
1) 
${8 \choose 5} \times {3 \choose 1} \times {2 \choose 1} \times {1 \choose 1}$:
$\frac{8!}{5!3!} \times \frac{3!}{1!2!} \times \frac{2!}{1!1!} \times 1$
Which comes out to 
$56 \times 3 \times 2 \times 1 = 336$
2) 
${8 \choose 4} \times {4 \choose 2} \times {2 \choose 1} \times {1 \choose 1}$:
$\frac{8!}{4!4!} \times \frac{4!}{2!2!} \times \frac{2!}{1!1!} \times 1$
Which comes out to
$70 \times 6 \times 2 \times 1= 840$
3) 
${8 \choose 3} \times {5 \choose 3} \times {2 \choose 1} \times {1 \choose 1}$
$\frac{8!}{3!5!} \times \frac{5!}{3!2!} \times \frac{2!}{1!1!} \times 1$
Which comes out to 
$56 \times 10 \times \times 2 = 1,120$
4) 
${8 \choose 3} \times {5 \choose 2} \times {3 \choose 2} \times {1 \choose 1}$
$\frac{8!}{3!5!} \times \frac{5!}{2!3!} \times \frac{3!}{2!1!} \times \frac{1!}{1!0!}$
Which comes out to:
If 8 new teachers are to be divided amongst 4 new schools how many divisions are possible?
$56 \times 10 \times 3 \times 1= 1,680$ 
5) 
${8 \choose 2} \times {6 \choose 2} \times {4 \choose 2} \times {2 \choose 2}$
$\frac{8!}{2!6!} \times \frac{6!}{2!4!} \times \frac{4!}{2!2!} \times \frac{2!}{2!0!}$
Which comes out to:
$28 \times 15 \times 6 \times 1 = 2,520$
What am I missing?

Assuming distinct teachers, distinct schools, and having identified the $5$ patterns, a foolproof mechanical way is to sum up the product of two multinomial coefficients for each case, one for the pattern, the other for the frequencies of singletons, doubles, triples, etc, viz.
$\binom{8}{1,1,1,5}\binom{4
}{3,1} + \binom{8}{1,1,2,4}\binom{4}{2,1,1} + \binom{8}{1,1,3,3}\binom{4}{2,2} + \binom{8}{1,2,2,3}\binom{4}{1,2,1} + \binom{8}{2,2,2,2}\binom44 = 40824$
And if preferring permutations to multinomial coefficients, the equivalent expression
$\frac{8!}{1!1!1!5!}\cdot\frac{4!}{3!1!} + \frac{8!}{1!1!2!4!}\cdot\frac{4!}{2!1!1!} + \frac{8!}{1!1!3!3!}\cdot\frac{4!}{2!2!}+\frac{8!}{1!2!2!3!}\cdot\frac{4!}{1!2!1!}+ \frac{8!}{2!2!2!2!}\cdot\frac{4!}{4!} = 40824   $
