possible to decrypt RSA using these parameters only? If our message is 204, our public RSA-key is (e, N) = (47, 221) but the private key is unknown.
is it possible to retrieve the message without the private key and what would be the steps to do so?

This is a special situation you can easily test. In your case a private key is just the public key: 
$$204^{47} \equiv 68 \pmod {221}, \quad 68^{47} \equiv 204 \pmod {221}$$
The reason for this is, that $$47^{-1} \equiv 47 \pmod {\lambda(N)}$$
where $\lambda(N)$ is the Carmichael function. The often used private key via $\varphi(N)$ would be $d=143.$
