We present this day a var...
We present this day a variety of matter under the head of South American intelligence, all of a flattering and en- couraging complexion; and part of it, we have no doubt, entitled to public confidence. To take the several accounts in the inverse ratio of their pretensions to authenticity, we may begin with thegreatvictory of BoLlvAain Peru. Aletter was saidtohavearrivedin town from Liverpool, after travel- ling from Guayaquilby way of Philadelphia and New York. It bore the date of Guayaquil, May 27, and related, that on the 6th of that month, a decisive action had beenwfought betweentheLis ERATOR and the Spanish GeneralCATERAbc, which ended in the total defeat and annihilation of the Roy- alist armsy. The consequencesofthe victory-for thenarrative would otherwise have been incomplete-are stated to be the recapture of Lima on the 10th of May, four days after the engagement, and an offer to capitulate by the garrison of Callao. All this may be 7ery true: we have no means of disproving it; and if confirmed, it will be glorious news for honest men of all nations. But we are bound to say, that the best-informed of our city acquaintances did not be- lieve a word of it. The original of the letter, it was declared, had notbeen seen by any body; a copy only, or pretended copy, having been girculated on 'Change. The intel. ligence wag confined to one quarler, Pone of the house* regularly corresponding with Peru having reeeived the slightest intimation of such an event.. The fabricator of the tale, Lowever, ff it be a fabrleation, has armed h.imself to the elbows in all sorts of verisirnilitudes. Indeed, when the magnitude of thasupposed stake is considered, we neet hardly doubt that the circumstantial evidence would be made abundantly plausible; and, as SHERiDAN assures us,, none but a bungler would omit the endorsements when -ie set about manufacturing a bill. Further south, on the coast of Chile, the Patriots appear to have achieved a success, which, if less brilliant and commantling than that asetibed-to BOLIVAR, rests on more authentic grounds. Through Buenos-Ayres, we are as- sured that the expedition despatched from santiago against the islandof Chlloe, had proceeded with the besit #ioepts of a victorious issue ; the islanders aid Spaniards had beii twice beaten by the Patriots, after some sharp engage. tnents; two fortresses had been taken possession of by the latter,, who were marching against San Carlos, the only remaining post of any strength upon the island, the occupation of which would be of extreme importance, viewed as a means of annoyance to the Spaniards, who would thus be deprived of tkeir last resting-place along the. whole line of the Pacific, from Panama to Cape Horn, and repelled from the single point at which their vessels of war from Europe could have looked for supplies, refreshments, or shelter. The success is the more important, as it will deprive the Asia and the other ships of war from Cadiz, shortlv expected round Cape Horn, of any Place of refuge. If, again, we cross the Continent anid turn to the Atlantic shore, Buenos Ayres affbrdsi the friends of la;w and libertv the nost ample grounds of satisfaction. On opening the legistative body of that Republic on the 3d of May, the Executive Government transmitted a message, which it is iumpossible to read without respect for the authority whence it issues,or withoutindulging themost animated expectations of prosperity and happines* for the commtmity whose condi. ;ion it develops. After dwelliNg on tbe natural and intimaate union between the republic of La Plata and the sister states of Colombia, Mfexico, Chile, and Peru, the PRESID ' T treats as subjects of high anld genuine gratification tse frank and decided policy of the British Government, tI desperate circumstances into which Spain is thrown in wbatever relates to South America, by the " analogy,j "feeling and principles whicfi has been manifested by the "Cabiinets of London ard of Washington,"and the appoint. ment of a Consul-General from'Ekgland to Buedos Ayres, which has led to a reciprocal mission. He then describes in detail the numberless improvements Jwhich have taken place in the domestic situation of the Republic, social,finan. cial, political, scientific, and moraL It furnishes a consola- tory prospect of the affairs of nien, that order and -tran- quillity, the blessings assumed by those who plead for the sleepy degradation of despotism as its peculiar attri- butes, should here be found among the foremost con. sequences of a general release from its yoke; while the wretched nation which still endures that bondage from which the South Americans have freed themselves, pre. sents an equally edifying union of the most frightful anarchy, with tyranny the most humiliating and galling. Theprivate letters from Buenos Ayres state. that RIVA- DAVIA, the chief Secretary of the Government, has resigned his offiee, and is about to visit Europe. He has delayed his departure at the solicitation of his successor and the members of the Government generally, who are desirous of profiting as long as possible by the presence and instruc- tions of a man whose talents and energy rascued the coun- try fronr anarchy and confusion, and under whose long ad- ministration it has been uniformly tranquil and secure.