Peru.
The follo*ingletter gives an tnteFeSting detail of-evelts that took:place at the time of the treacher'ous su2renderof Callac to the Royalists:- - EX%'.RACT 6F A LETTEt, DATE .A1Lo. DAT., OX .DOARD 5.HE BILIO AUUltA.,-I tMAiY 26, 1824. "Before'thjisreachtes you, yo6v will, have lieard of Callao being again a Spanish fortress, the Baenos-Ayrean Black Regiment having again put it into their hands; and whicb, as soon as known, the British merchafits began to feel would bear heavy upon their several initerests, and from-the robberies 'laily committing ontshore and the Custom-bouse warehouses by the Blacks, they determinted to loge no time in getting their property out of theirhands; and myself and friend came dowvn here for that purposel to arrange matters with the Governor Casa-Irugo, (tborm4rjlyiSpanish Colonel, and prisoner. in the Castle); but he threatened us with to- tal confiscation of all British property, although we well know he was'otherwise inclined. After, however, two or three days' delay, on the 15th inst. we obtained p'ermissiOll to embark all British property-on payment of 159 per cent. duty, which, rather than submit to farther depredations from the Negroes, the merchantsdeterminetl upon acceding to, Captain Martin, of His Majes:y's ship Flly, having previously demanided tihe free ernbarkaio6n of all British property without success. "1 The next day, the 16th, the Protector, with Admiral Guise, came into the Bay, which circumstance, asanticipated, put a stop altogether to further embarkation, and from that time to the present no British goods have been allowed to proceed from the slhorc. The robberiea in the Custom- house and on shore upon the Plaza have been very great, prncipally committed by the black soldiers, who have been and still continue ir, a complete state of disorganization, and under no' control or their officers. With re- gard to my own property, and the property of others under my care, I was fortunate enough to embark the whole of my goods in the Custom-house and in Lima, that were moveable, en board the 'Fame ten days before; and I have now no other goods on shore than those in my pri- vate store, which has as yet suffered no plunder, nor any of the others belonging to foreigaegs. Contributions have been forced, which the parties bear their respective proportions of. "F Fortunately for the British shipping and property afloat, Captain Martin, a few days previous to Admiral Guise's arrival,by.strong remonstrances with the Governor, and no small risk and trouble, obtained permission for all British slipping to w .hdraw themselves from under the guns of the ortress, and to take up their anchorage out of gun-shot renge; so that all the British vessels are now an- chored a leape from the shore, and allowed no other com- munication than for water, whichis denied to all other flags. " Six United States vessels, laden with flour, &c., and in ballast, have been taken possession of by the Governor, and their cargoeslanded,but whether by consent of the concerned is. not kniowvn, although they liad a good opportunity to haVe come out when tie British vessels proceeded for the outer roads, but they have preferred, it is said, remaining behind with a view of selling their flour, &c. ( On the night of the 24th instant, Admiral Guise made a most daring and gallant attack upon the forts and patriot ships of war in. the port wvhich the Spaniards had taken possession of and manned, and I am happy to say corn- pletely succeeded in cutting adrift every armed ship and store-ship in the harbour, and he set fire to and-burnt the Venganza frigate, Santa Rosa corvette, and the Oceana Chilian vessel that was in thc harbour, and one or two other small crafts. " The fire from the forts was tremendous, but to no purpose whatever against the boats, which surmounted every difficulty, and completely effected the object they had in view. The frigate, corvette, and Oceana, are burnt to the water's edge: the latter caugtL fire by accident. The conflagration took 'place at two o'clock in the morn- ng, andl the grandeur andl awfuhl efect of the scene can- not be described. "By this manoeuvre the American provision vessels have been comple-ely burnt out, the port having been made too warm for them, and the Admiral has now taken them under his own protection. This port is now declared under a strict blockade, which is now and wvillbersctdyth British commander. be respected by the Our communications are now carried on by Chorillas, bywhich mode we daily receive advices, and shaU continue ;o to do until the Spaniards come down, which, it is said, are expected in Lima in all this week. It is, however, the Yeneral opinion afloat, from the discontent pre v .iling among the blacks, and the harassed state they are kept in by Admiral Guise, that a counter-revolution in the Castles is not far distant, should the arrival of the Spaniards be many days delayed." - " Brig 4 pirora, Calsao Bay, Mlarch 1. " I wrote you fully per brig Colder on the 26th ultimo. The present is merely to advise, that the Spanish forces under General Rodil took possession of the Castles yester- day, and of Lima the evening previous. "'The occupation of the Castles as above appears gene- rally to give satisfaction to those having property at stake, as their anxiety is considerably abated with respect to farther depretations on property, which it is thought will be respected, and thle insubordination of the revolted Nc- groes will now he very soon put an end to by the Spanish forces. By all accounts, the evacuation of Lima, and oc- cupation by the Spanish army, took place wvitlhout any dis- ordlererloss of lives, except a few excesses by robbers, which were trivial. " Captain Martin, of the Fly, went up to Lima on the 28th, to meet the Spanishl authorities, and to make arrange- ments for the security, &c. of British property: he is ex- pected down to-day, or to-morrow, wlhen we shlall hear the result of his inten iew. " I sball sail to-morrow for Alexico." The following iformnation was yesterday posted at Lloyd's:- " Thefollowingvesselsgot outof Callao with theassistaimce Df Captain M%Iartin, of his Majesty's ship Fly, and were Lnder his protection on the 26th of Februairy, viz.:- Crown, Cragg; Aurora, Fraser; Speculator, Chapman Cecilia., Sherwood; Dolptin, ; Henri of Antiverp. -~; Thomas Ccn,lan., Clark; Quecn, Dillon; Eliza- keth, Thompsson; Shakspeare, Anderson; Diadenm, Roach - P'eruovian, Dalling; Grecianzl, Hoibrow ; Ftfeshire Packet, Robson ; FairEllen, James and Louisa, -." EXTllACT FRtOMI TH. AGENT TO LLOYD S AT VALPARAISO, DATED F FlILUAitY 22. Oine of the privatecis which was cruisiiig in thcsc seas s said to lhave been sunk in a galc of wild, with a numiber )f Chiliani troops on board, whicll she took in a prize ; the )ther is said to have bcern capturod by Admiral Guise's ship." The following proclamation wvas issued by Bolivar, on tssuming thc Dictatorship of Peru:- " PROCLAh;ATION. " Peruvians !-The disasters of the army, and the con- Len tions of parricidal parties, have reduced Peru to the lamentable condition of having recourse to the tyrannical power of a Dictator to preserve it. " The Constitutional Congress has confided to me this Ddious autlhority, wbich I could not have refused without treason to Colombia and to Peru, intimately connected by Lhe bonds of justice, liberty, and national interest. " l shouldl have preferred never to have come to Peru, and 1 should cven have preferred your loss itself to the 3ediouls title of Dictator. But Colombia was compromiised, and I coukl not hcsitate. 1' Pcruvians!-Your clhiefs, your irntcrnal cnemies, have calimniiiate(d Colombia, her brave defenders, and myself. They say that we intend to usurp your rights, your terri- tory, and( your independelnce. I declare to you in the namc of Colombia, and by the oath of the Liberating Army, that my authority shall not excee(d the time indispensably requisite to prcpare ourselves for victory-that at the mo- ment the army leaves the provinces which it now occupies, you shall be constitutiotially governed by your own ilawvs and your own magistrates. " Peruvians !-Thc field ofl battle, whichl will he a wvit- tess of the valour of outr soldiers and the triumph oot your liberty-that fortunate field shall see me throw from m y lhands the dietatorslhip; alnd fromn that field I and m y brothers in arms, having given you liberty, will return to Colombia withlout taking a graini of sand from Pleru. (Signed) "4 BOLIVAR. " (General Orde)-Truxillo, larch 11, 1824." PER.U.